˽ŮѧԺ


ߣС·
򣨣

򣴨УһӣΪϱн˽ŮѧУ
ԣڱĽ˽ƽŮѧԺϰ˽ѪŮӸߵѧУ
ܱ߷ǳߣǾ÷չȴʹŮӹѧУ쳣޷
õͻɹԹŮѧУշѲƣ
ѧУÿԴἤ쳣Ϊ˸ʩƻవ㣬氲У԰
Ҳ಻ɸ˵ܡ

һܰ

ѾҹƽŮѧԺᣬӵֻͻȻ洫һİ
ŮӵţˣСˣʱ
ܵеԶϻһǵĵ̣Σգ˻
ģںܰȫڴһֽѧУ
֣ȥɣǧҪһ֪ˣ
ҿɲұ֤İȫ

ӵԴȻһ죬һӦС类ˣƽŮ
ѧԺһģӸСסһ䣬Ǻܺõѣ
Сȥ˾һֱûлʼΪСǻؼˣڿ
ѪУİϡ

ӻش𵽣

ԷЦãץ㣬ҵľ

Ӹ˵ǲҪ绰洫һ˺ѷεĲҽû
С

˵ģǲҪǮ

û룬ϻһɫ£һɫţп㣬ר
ڴܵĳͲ߸ƤѥֱѧУģԣȡȡ˿Ӽʻ
ĦгһʻѪУ֣ӰԷģҪöԷ
ۡ

ѪУ֣Էٴͨ˵绰ԭֱһ
ķݣСǱ¥ϣӿ첽˷ӣ϶¥С
סֽţһԱվŮӡ

ŮӣΪһɫ֯ɫţж̿㣬˿࣬߰
ɫ߸Ь߸ЬӰסףϻһףһ
ãۣüԸУһƤ޺ɫĨأһ
òٶ̵˿ȹӣŴһ˫ɫЬϳ̡

óһ齻˵Ǯ㣬Ϸˡ

ӣֻԸǮһˣͻȻһţ߸
Ƥѥصɲ۾˫ɲϵ
ǮһأʱѾʹ˵ץͷһϥײ
ϣײ浹ء

һ֣ɨϣһȥ
һֲۺȻһԾ৵߳һţӻû
üѾ۵ЬСһ£˼һ
ʹĹڵϣ̧ͷһǰ̧
һм䣬ϲҽһڵϴ
۵ĸ߸ЬЬЬⶼŽɫ¹ܵġһЦ
ץסӵһֻƤѥɲһţ͹ӣ
ӻûʧȥս۸ûվȣһ۵ز
Ь۵ҧһڣʹ÷ſӵƤѥ˵ز
Ӱѽջأٴ߳۵Ŀ£˿ȹһ㱣
öûУӵЬֱ룬˸ܽӴۼһ
һˤڵϣʹ˹ȥ

ӽã̹ȥ⿪С磬վС촩һۺ
ɫС洩һɫˢţп㣬ɫ¶ֺ߸Ьĥ
·ең۵ذ·ȻСһӻûŪ
ʲô£ȻһʹԼ۵һ죬ٿԼ
мһֻɫĸ߸Ьԭǽ͵͵Ӻһ͵Ϯ
ʹòվȣͷסͷƤʹֻץֻ֣
һ䣺ӱۣȴϥԼк
һץͷҲɿˡԭС翴ӱ򣬴
৵һţЬƫɲʹˣһ
׼Ȳ㣬ٴǰʱڵϴһƹС磬
СصͷܹȻһȭزʹˣСǰ
ȭز͸СУСٴһȭ
زαһӼҸ£ȻһŤСо㱻Ťϣ
ץסСͷĺǽһײС类ײð
ЦЬסСţпɲǽ붯С
ʹòҽ

СĲҽ絶þһ
£±ӵƤѥһţϷſС磬ʹȥ
ӴӺסãʱȻԲѣС
սӽСѵһ

С翴״ɲʹһ룬޺޵˵Ҳ
裡СҲᣡ˵˫磬ϥض
һ£һǿ󣬰˶뿪棬һ
໵ĽͷСԲ㣬˵ˣ㣬
סԺҪң˺Ȼһţ߸ЬЬ
ţж̿Ŀλã۵һƵľ죬ӷſ
ڵϣſ£ڵϳ鴤šСץסͷһϥײ
ϣײιȥ

˵ز˾뿪ߵʱǵӰĸ
Ƥѥõٴ˼£Ǵجҽ֮
˯ȥ



˽ƽŮѧԺѧ¥У칫ңŮ顣ڰ칫
棬ɫͷķιƽѧԺУ
ʮЩ׸⵫ȴͦɫ˿¡
ɫȹβ΢¡С۳
Ŷȡ

ĸ͹µĽ̵ѩڴǰȥʮ߰
͵ľʦңеĻӶĽ˫ּ
ϣĺɫţһԷ齫ѩ׵˿ý
ĳ˫ȣĸ߸Ьľذˡǡ
죬ֱĶ쵰Խˡ

һϮɫ۵Ƿθߺ죬УרУɵģ
ֱУ㱨ߺĲǺܸߣϸ߸ЬҲһߣ˲
˵ãĺԴѧ飬ѧвһȭš

ѧУİѩ˵ѧУѧ
ԣѧһвȥѧУɲӰ
֪˭ͷ

ѩ˵꼶÷϶֪ץһ¾֪ˡθߺ
Ҳͷ˵ţѧе쳣ߺ˵¼򵥣
ϡ

ѩе㲻ˣ˵ڵѧöԸһӦ𣿡

ߺ첻м˵С£첻ˡ

ߺ÷ᣬȿ÷һˮ
Ůӣһۺɫʶ̿㣬һģһ˫Ь
ŵϲҿ÷Ҫȥӣһ
ɫĵһǳɫţп㣬һ˫¶ֺ߸Ьߺ÷˵
÷ҵ칫һ¡

÷˵ʲô˵ɣмҪȥ

ߺ˵ҪƲȺȷƣ

÷ޱӦðɡ

ȸߺ챳ȥ÷Ȼ·²Ÿߺĺ׻ӹȥ
ûӵһ룬ͱߺһиʹӵ²棬Ŷӡ
ץ÷ͷ÷һ˫˫ȭߺ죬ߺһ
ͷͱܿˣ˳һȭ÷ĸ÷۵³һ̵
ڵϣθǿӿһߺЦ˵
С㹦򣿡Ȼץ÷ͷͷһȭ
̫Ѩ÷ðǡ

ʱһԵӺ汧סߺ˵ʦˡ


÷Ȼյһ˷ĺûᣬøߺ챻
ѱţ̧ϥǣһǳϥײ˸ߺмҪλãߺ
°ڸṩκα̷޵һҽУ˫ֽҪλ
ãʹߺҽаѺһŵϷſ
ߺ졣ʱ÷һȭڸߺĸߺٴƺһٴ
˳һǺߣ߸Ьƫе˺ɲ
ֻһʶ̿㣬ܵסһػжûһ͹ڵ
һˡ

÷ѱ򣬷ŭһߺ£̫ߺ޷ܣ
Ӳ÷һţҺòǸ߸ЬУҲʹһԣ
ϼ˼÷˷һ׷߸ЬŸߺҪ߶ߺ
Ͼս÷ٳĹһȣ߸Ь
ɨ÷ͷ÷ðǣ⵹˼һƨһ
ϡߺһ߸̧𴩸߸ЬĽž÷мͲȥ
÷ʱ˫Ų濪ϣü㣬ߺĸ߸Ьصز
£ʹһŴͣһŶŶ񶾵ĸߺ쿴
÷Լĸ߸ЬضסҪĽջһ㣬ٴǰ
һͣ÷˴αߺ߷ڵأ÷ſ£һ
ش﷢һҽмһЩĿ

ߺЦ˵Сã㲻Ǻܴվ򰡣

÷ʱ˫ԽڿʹŤֻǲϵҡͷ
ظţҪˣȥȥ

ߺʰ÷֮󣬿ڵϵȥø߸ЬҲ
Ŀɲһţϲҽߺ˵һǽ㣬
ǧ£

˵÷У칫ңһɷŮ˵Լ
÷ĺֱð亹еιǷǷҸ㣬巣ѧ
ǷģҪǡ

Уüͷһ壬ݺһ÷Ŀ£÷ߵ
˷һ̱ڵϣ˵ʹˡ
СŮ㣬ҵĵ̣˵㡣

̵ѩæ˵УöЩ˷塣½
ˡ

Ȼ÷˵ǵİɽʲôͷ˭

÷ԼΪαץˣ滹װɵʲôɣ
֪˵ʲô

䣬ѩǶӰĸ߸ЬͶ÷š
÷ϾһѧܵסĥѩȵһǿҿԸŻ
ʹüҪιȥѩûаֲ̧һ£÷
ʹȫֱѩθ߸̧߸Ьʱ÷ױˣ
һһʮȫг

ԭҿҲ񣡡ѩƳ˿ڹӧȥץ
ɴͷˡ



÷˵꼶ѧڹƽŮѧԺû
ѧֱҶӡݴһڰڹƽŮ
ѧԺĸˣƽɵľձ֮
ġ

ѭ÷ṩѩݺĻ԰ҵӡӽ
һɫ֯£ز洩һɫĽţгȹ
ʱпڻ԰ϳ̡Ӳ㰫һģʹһ
˫׵ĸ߸Ƥѥѩǰǰһͷ

ѩǰ֪ܻжԷˣһЦ
˵ͬѧУе£ȥһ¡룬ȥУ칫
㡣

Ҳɵϣֻ˵У£Уң


ѩɫ̱࣬Ϻһˣ৵Ѹһ߳ѩ
߽ųһǿ磬ӱԼĽţгȹӰж
ʱѾѩһҪλãҲһµ
ײһ¾죬ܴشʹɲҪ׿ϡ

ѩЦ˵ôˣʹ𣿸ղŻͦɪû˵
ѩи˿ٱƽ֪ųӵİ֣ѩϰڳһ
ƣſһŮŰףǳɫţг㣬ŵһ
˫߸ЬЬУסŮһԲһѩ
ѩһۿŮŲżЬԼѩ˿
ҵ׼Էƣ˺һöԷʽϣ˫ֽץס
ĸ߸ЬţתһǺߣڶԷĴȸ
Էʹòҽһϥڵϡѩʱаʴȣ
ԾץŶԷĽţһźݺڶԷɲ۵һ죬
ſԷĽţڵϲҽд

Ȼѩоɲ˴ݺһţһʹʹ
¶ףŶԷλãʹһɨȣӦأ˫
űײʹԴšһŮ·ȹŴһ˫
Ͳĸ߸ƤѥղѩǱ˫ƤѥɲѩѸվһǾ
̤ţ߸ЬֱӱԷɲȥƤѥŮӱѩʵزɲ
ʹιȥ

֣ѩϽܻӣûӵİˣŷ
ȥͻȻһѩ˹̧ϥײѩɲѩ
æһȥѸٱƽһȭѩѩɱܿ˳
ץסӵֱһŤʹֱлѩſӵ֣һ
סһֻȭͻӵӱûʹҲ
սģѩס̧ţƤѥЬصزѩЬ
ѩʹɿӽԴһײպײڱһͷѩ
λãѩƺһ˫źһѣʱѩ
ǯƣתָֻݺݴѩ˫ۣѩػ
ʹ˫ͷ˫ְѩ˫磬ţȹŵϥǾͺݺݶ
ѩɲ

ޡѩ֪ӵˣӵϥǶеɲ
һһһϢʹѸٴѩȫû
ѩϻǿһ䣺ôӡȻҴʦδ䣬
˵˾䡸ľ㡹ԭǳɫţпŮѾӵ
ʱ̴ӺסѩôţпŮкѩֻ
ֻĸ߸ЬԼɲһ㷴ҲûУ۵
һһҵʹѩӣ˫ֽſ£صذ
ţпŮӲûͣѩɵ֣͵ذѩקϥ
ѩһ£ѩѾʹò˵˫ɼҪǰţпŮ
ץסͷһϥײϣѩ浹ءλƽʱ
̵ΣʲôʱܹʹʱҲ˲ӣæģ
ǣҴˣǱˣұ֤ԺҲˡ

ӹЦôˣֻĸ

ѩŭ㣡

˵ôˣ˵ץѩ˫ֿ̧ϥ͵ع
ѩĿѩʹ񵯹һ˫
ץסӵţȹӵϥŲһԵţпŮ䲻һ߹
Ьѩϣѩ浹أɲʹȻӣ
ҡͷ˵ǣǣӷſ˵ȥУ˵ʲô
ң

ġ

һɳ۶һɲͣ˹ƽѧԺĹ㳡ϣ
Ŵ򿪣һŮһ㣬һɫװװһ
ɫ£µزλø߸͹ڸǲסģϴһ˫
ּĺɫ߸ЬǱоŮУͬ
ѧֻ죬ȫıɡ

ӵĵ绰˵ѧУˣæҹϹһУ칫
ңƵʣʲôˣ

ִˣѧУиɵͷ죬ǵĽ̵δˣ˽ҽԺ


˭ɵ֪𣿡

ǵĽ̵α˾ȻʱѾԹȥˣʱʲô
²̫֪˭ɵġ

üͷһ壬ʣƺ𣿡

ҽ˵󲿷ֶ֯ˣЩѧʵ̫
ˡ

˵Щʵ޷죬Уģ
˴㴦ġ

ʵѧУﵽߣô᲻֪ʲôأǱ
Ҫʱյ鱨ӸոճУţʱУ
յǱߡ

õӵλãȥյǱˡ
ƽѧԺ⣬ڶһյأһЩоɵĽʩѻķ
ꡣΧһ£ûŮѧӰʱͻȻ
нŲ

ػͷһëɣǳԼġ

ΪһëƤЦ˵Ůô˻ؼңλ˧
ȥ棬֤˵ֺ̼档

֪åЩǵһˣЩɫ
ȻҲڡ£һˣһ߶ǰĻë
֮ľ롣ĻëƤЦ׼ϷǰĻëӿٶ׷
Ҫһʱ򣬻ëֻû
Ǽ⵶Ƶĸ߸ЬɲޣëĲҽһɲ
ϣҽŸ߸̧𣬽źºݺݵڻëԴϣë
̿°ĭ۷ףڵϡ

Ļëͬ鱻ǰŮҪĵطŭ
һȭһһȭ˳ֱǰһ
ë˾ȴĽǺݺݶڿϥǡ
ءëҲ˵ʹʱҲֻܽɲû
ٴ৵һţüЬ˻ëһҪë
߷ɳȥˤڵϻ˼ףеѣ˫źѹ˲ÿ
ɵʹˡûĥȥһ̤ŵڻëĿ
ëڲҵĽʹιȥ

ɽëĴȻþһһϸ
סԼľ͵սϸߣϸеһǿҵϢ
޷ܴǿаϣŲŵأ޷
ֱһϣ˾Ͷ棬
룬βˣѵҪ

Ҳа취ѣǶԷܴĶ˺
ȥûа취ˡյ֮ʣǰֳ
һˣһŮӣһǳɫţп㣬Ŵһ˫ɫ߸
ЬûԷòԷͻȻݺһԼɲ飡һ
ƴҲһ죬ֻɲһʹը
Ȼס̲סһҽУ

ԭӺסĲǱˣӣ
ʹëʱ͵͵͵Ϯǰ洩ɫţп߸Ьľϴ
зŹ̵ѩŮأȻûѧʲô򣬵ʤ
ȳҳַǳµͷŴ֡

ʱɿϵϸźҿţ
ʱٴǰ˫ץס죬ݺһ

غٴΰһոĿȫ⣬
ǰסʹУǿش켷˼֣ǡô󵨣
ҡǾ졣

ʱ󣬽һ߿ļϥţȹһ˫
ɫ߸ЬȻ˵һ䣺ҹԹ¡
ҽŵϥǣŮԼϥϡ

ޡء¹ҪλѵصŮ٣
ʱҲֻбڵϹȥķݣȫʧȥս

Ůֲ֧סʱи˷ɿյߡһϮ
ɫۣǷθߺ졣ԭУһ˳תֽ˸
Ѿˡ

Ӻض˸ߺ죬˻ʹ˸ɫ׼Ҽлߺ죬ʱ
ϵȻץסص˫һ䲻ʧȥƽ⣬
ˤʺ˫һŵأ˳һƨڵϡ߳ŭ
߸ЬԾڵϵͷȥæֱͷ
ͷ۷ѣûٰߡվȻ
ͷϣҿк⼸
ȻԴ·磬Ϊߺȡ˱ʱ䣬ʱֻܶԸߺ졣

˵ӼߺѸٱƽȹ߳һţֱȡߺȹǸߺ
Ȼһţȱֱţȹɲƺһɲ
ع¡ߺһ˫˫ӶϣӶ
ֱУǳʹͷߺҽ̧ȻһӵĿ¡
ޣʹصڵϣɲһšߺ˵
èһʮ

ظվѾһϺ׵ڵϣһ
Ҷҽã˵žߺȥߺ쿴׼صƣһɨ
صʵǳͷԣսеǰһ󾢷Ϯ
æ£հͱߺĸ߸Ьϻһʣضµͬʱ
һȭݺݴڸߺ°ߺ췢һĲ
У쳣ʹӡԭصָϴһöָָǶһ
ӲıʯһȭеǴɵ˺֪

ʹĸߺŴʹ޷ץŸߺ죬һѰ
ƵǽߣϥŸߺĿ·Ͷһһ£ߺֵס
Ǹ޷ȫ赲ط˷Ƶϥײʵ˼ػߺʹ
ֻ£Ǳסһϥײʹøߺȫ
ƿأһ㣬˳ƿסߺ˫֣ߣ
ĸߺֱؼЬɲҪ̱ڵϣ
ظŻ

ش˸ߺ죬һոմӵǰһ
ûվȣͱؼ⵶һĸ߸ЬڿҪſ£
ͷץסͷϥͿ
߻صģϵʹȭһţһȭʹصĸ
һȭرÿһѪĭϷſ
Сȥȥּסصľ̶Ȼ̧ϥ
֮֮ײصĿ£һ±ظղŵȻ
Ҫö࣬زҽһɲشղֻһʱ⣬ʱ
һ㶼飬һѧôԵŮػʱ־Ѿȫ
ɢˡȥץסص˫ֿ̧Ǹ׶Ь
صɲͶ˺üţϷ˵ĲҽУȻһȥ
ˡ

ʱ͵͵ѧУķܣ׷ȥһ
ȹףϱſش֮ŽԮѵز
ëץؾ֣ӺѺѧУķҡ

ҾѧУרŶԸѧ̷Ӻرص棬֫
档ܿ죬У͸ϵˣ֪ӱץϢ
ȻǳˡһɫװԵúţǽȴ
һ˫̫ϳƵĺ߸ЬЬĴߡӿ֪βˡ

һȻҵѧУ海ң
̽㣡˵̧꣬Ŷӵţȹɲ˼ţÿһŶһ
죬ӦģһδηҵĺСӽе˻ˣֻ
סظţˣˣ֪ˡ

æȰǼʹ࣬Ҳеƣ
ӵˣʱѲٳܸˡֻкĸߺ
ĸ߸ЬǿɲǿЦģرЬȫִġǵ
ӦƸʱУҪߺдһߺ쿪ʼȻ·磬Ǵ
һʱⱻЬһʹ䣬ʹ˼Ż
ղ⼸£һŮѧôܳܵסģֻܴӦ
УҪ

ĹƾӻȥʲôҪ취ѶѪŮ
УĿõӣֱӵķѪŮӸ
УʦãԼԹԽȻӵĺ
ֻڷҶ༸ˡ

塢ǿ

ϻ˵ӱУҪЮ뵽ѪŮӸУõ
ӾǱѪŮӸУֱʦãΪȷԷ
Ը⡹ȥصĺýǰæѧУӵĶӳ
ٶȶһ֮¡ҵǣȻǲ
˻ԱΪ˾ȳأǺˬشӦӵæ

ҹĻ٣ӺǱѪŮӸУΪ˾עĿ
ӽ촩һɫһǳɫţжȹϴһ˫˿࣬˿
ϥǴǺɫĸ߸Ьźɫģɫţп
ɫԲͷ߸ƤЬٴһñסҹɫ˻
˶ѧģû˵ע⣬˳ǱѧУİ칫¥
Уṩ鱨ʱŵƹķѪŮӸУ
칫ңʦаҪȻ

칫ҵŲûϣֻľŹţⲢûѵӣֻ˼
ӣӾ˳Ūľţŵ˽ȥİŹϡ
ܿ칫ϱԴһŮӣɫۣ۳
Ŵһ˫ɫ߸Ьĳͷɧ˵ǰ
򣬶ʱרоŵļпܾҪᡣ

ӴӺͻȻ͵Ϯĸ߸Ь¶Ǻεȵľ
ʹѾЬȻȻվ
ѧվԼ칫棬ʣĸģǽ
ôӣ

Ӻǻཻһɫһȥǽеϻ
˵ύ˵žҪϵĲӣæȥã
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣȻһҪۿҪˣͻȻ
ԭ𣬺ɨһţܿǵͬʱ߸Ьžǵ
۵³һѪ̵æ˺󡣿ǣصͬʱӵĽ
Ҳյرһأӵĸ߸ЬҲ۵
򽿴һŸϡӵڶŽߵЬ
ֱȡ˾䡸СȻƨһŤͱܿӵ
ӵЬֱߵϣһʱŴ󿪣
һСϣʹõͷͷ˳һ
ţȹߵ˷˳ȥڵϴ˼ӵ
ͷ򳶶˺һ飬һͷƤһɲʹֱС

ӺͰŤʱѸٱƽûȰӦһ
ȥŰĲӣݺһϥа򡸰Ӵ
һָףǵֱץǵͷ
ϻʹŰٴͶ£ʹƿ
ǣԼ˵ȻضڵϡǰѰӵ𣬴Ӻ
סѵ

Ծ˵ɲŹȺݺ˰һƣȻ
ݺݵ˵ɧĳӣ㡣˵ҽ̧þȫ
ߵһʱ򣬰Ľ߳Ь
ӵȹϰһ˵ɲ˼ʹ̵
ԭȥ

ջؽͬʱصЬ̤ǵЬͷϣŤ£
ͻȻеֺϴĵʹʹݶŤˣ̷ֱ
ӱŽżֱкͷҲؾǰſ£˫ֳŵأͬʱҽŴӺ
˳һãһĺţпɡ˱ߵ뿪
漸磬Ȼˤڵϣɲһţҽ

Ҳûһۣ̤ǰһɲӲŸվȣۿ
һæ˫һָϴһʹۡ
ͬĲλӵѾˣֻñȹӣϣܵһ£һ
Ľ滹Ƕȥӵȹ̫̣ɲûʲôǿ
ĳ˾ҵʹӸоһƣŻ£Ȼûӿ
棬ѵЬţȹ棬Ьһͣȹ
ײ˽ȥһߵǽϣ⻹û꣬Ӷã
Ьȹͽ£ȹûдڿ㣬⼸
ĲҽУŷſӣһ㵹ڵϳ鴤

صߣץ˫Ϸֿһضм䣬
ϷһҽУȻЬļŤجεĿʼһŤ
߸Ьؼ̤ǵĿɣһʣ˭ģкĿģ
ⱲӶûʹܵסĥйǡ
ƽѧԺУҪǵֲᡫޣҪҵˣ
㡣û뵽޺޵˵СˣǱҵسй
ŭĶ󣬰üӲЬǵĿز˼ţǼ
һϺ״

绰׼ˣȴ˸߸Ьһ
ͷһһŮӣŮһɫ㣬ɫͷ߸
Ь߲Ǳˣ֪ѪŮӸУǲԻ
иѪŮӸУڰǺ
ӵĲҽ֪ǿĶ֣ϸǱ칫ҡ

칫ֻаһˣҲһĺС̫
ãȻǰ˳ѱʦϡ򿴵һ磬
ΪǹƽѧԺʦҧгݵ˵ðǹ󵨵ģȻ
˵žҪ绰ԮˣлҰ֣һ
ȥʹ֣绰Ǽ٣Ϲ档һ
߳ȣֱȡͷظҪһǶ
æֻͷزǿصסͷزţ
һĸСһ
Żһžһϣ
۵³һѪĭĿǽϣۿĸ߸ЬҪԼϴ
æ˫ּǰ񵲣УԺмܵ
ʹɱС̧Ⱥݺһм䣬߸ЬļͷĿ
ֻ꣬һоһӲɲҪ
û£ðûӦϷ𷴻˵ʱʱ죬Լ
߸Ьļͷ˰Ͻһ˫ֽɲ
أʹŤ

ʹİ򣬵˵Һҽ˻ɣ
ʦҿҲȭĸ֣ôҲʹЩУҲֻ÷㿩
˵գѰһȭһֵϣʱ
Ȼ˫ֽɲĹ޷ŷһ
˰Ķӣֻߵķݷ˳ȥˤڵϣ
ѪһŲ߶ĳӣŶһš

ڰԱߣ°ڣüЬ׼˰
ʣʦӦ֪Ŀİɣ

Ļش룡

ܿϧķȻЬһͣ׵Ь
˰ڿŵǰļУϵЬڰ
˽ػصسţʹÿȥ΢ļ
˵ȥϡȿȡ

ϵᣬպã԰˵翴ˣ
Ҫɧĸģ˵һŲڰϣ
˹ȥ

תУ

ȥһڣƽŮѧԺȻһתУ˵һ
ѧڸĸ߸ص⣬תУҲ˼ҳ㷹
ȣŵ꼶࣬ͬѧǰʱҶŴ
£̨ը˹۷׷ףֻվ̨ҽܵһĸ
ŮһɫСһɫţп㣬ĳߣϻ
һ˵İȥֱ񺫾Ůǣѧѽ

ҽнȣԺҶָ̡ȾȻὲһ
ҸǻһƬ

ŮУǴģȵѧУ洫ˡһ죬
ȸո¿ҪᣬȽƫƧѧУ԰ȻŮס
ȥ·ΪһŮӴ׳£׼Ƥпˣһţж̿㣬Ŵһ
˫ЬһͲǺѧӽضŽȣ˵٣ģ
֪Ĺ𣿡

Ļصʲôأ

Ůش𣺡ѧУΣյģԹԽϱѣǱ֤û
¡֪𣿡

Ծ˵һߣ

Ůͨ죺ˣɫ㿴֪
˵һƴȵϡֻһžһҽУ
϶һӡҽǴӷŮ﷢ģԭŮ
˽һӵͬʱȵĳҲ˷ŮĿɡȽ
ԾɴŰɫСɫţп㣬ϴһ˫߸ЬŮ䲻
ֹɲҪɲڵϣͷҲڵϣʹֱð


ѾֺϷķŮǺݽɫһŽǰ
ŮŮ¿ȳ˺ݶŮ´źɫ
ɳ£һɫţп㣬һ˫ɫ߸ƤЬǼȭ
кһһֵŮʢŭвһУҪץȵ
ͷһˣɨһǱȣڷŮµŮ
ϰԣһʱˣһץסͷ
ȭкŮһʹ̱˺Ȧԭʳָϴ
һָֻ⼸ȭ÷Ůͷת۷ڣ˵
ŷŮ¡죬ݺһϥײŮʹش

ȻͷһŮԾɹڵûлָȥͷͷ
Ÿ߸Ьɲݺ˼ţŮҽʹιȥ

һܣȹƽ£ûʲô鷳֪Σ
ѾıƽķŮһ֣Ҫҽˡ
һϣѧУֱ߶ʱֳǰֻ
˻ŨصѬױ磬һƤףһţжȹ
źɫ˿࣬ϴһ˫ϥĸ߸ѥŮɯƣ
Ů̩ȭĸ֡

һɯƣ֪ԲһǵĽɫԻûɯƳ
֣ĳѾӶһ͵ϮɯơɯƲ˷һԾ𣬽
ȵߵ˿Ȼɯһݺڽȵϣð
̩ȭʽȸоͷһӣʹҪըһһ
תɯǰ˫ֽŽȵͷ֪̩ȭϥǳԵ
ѸϥȶɯƵɯƳʹ˺һǻûȽʹ
ڶУɯѾݺһǽߣЬ˽ȵС

ŶȲҽгСһǿҵľΡʹ߳һţ
ЬֱȡɯҪɯץסϥײϥǹؽϣ
ĵľʹýٴβҽԾץŽȵĽţɯһ͵ǰ
ߣнȵز

ޡ³һѪ̵˺ؿǽϡ

ɯٴǰסȵľʱʹѾ
ˡɯڽȶϸ˵ңɡţɯ
ϥһŽţпɲײ£ʹȽ
һ𣬻عڵϣѾ˵ڴ棬ذһ
ťǸͨѶ豸֪ͨıΣա

ɯƼԵϵĽȭߣֻǿֱֵһ
쳤۵ŮӳǰɯϷſȣؿǰŮ
ӣһ׵ĺۣһ˫ɫ߸Ь촽ȺĿں
ɫõ壬ǽȵĸŮıڡʱõҲ˿
ɯƾš

ϵĽȷŭؽõ壬Ƿʲôʰ
ˣ

õ徲˵С㣬ûָǲġҪ
𣿡

Ȼ˵ǣھȥ

õ˽ȵָõȻһţɫͷ߸ЬֱȡɯƵ
м䣬ɯƻûӦõѾߵˣֻ
ȥõĽʵ̫죬ɯһԥѾõЬ
Ҫʹҽһɲ¶ףõһ̧ţЬɯ
°ͣɯ°ˣõٶʵ̫죬һֵɯ
ǰɯʱյ¶õǷһţݺɯȹ

ɯƷ˻ƵĲҽٴʹɲ¡õǰ
ɯƵͷҸ£Ȼ󼸼׺ݵĺЬݺݵкɯƵ
£ɯʹĵûˣش

ʱȹץסɯƵȣȻݺϥǹȹ棬
ػʹɯ˹ȥ

ȻһȳһգõֻҽԺˡ

ߡս

ϻؽȻٸ˽ҽԺУ԰ڽȵս
ʤڵ̩ȭֵϢȴֶߣһʱ䣬ҶԽȶ࿴λ
ԣĸͬʱ书ǿŮǺηʥѧУ
磬ֵȭŶ룬ѧУ
̳ϳòɿãȳֿȵ޼۱
һǿƵĿֵһ취ǸɳһѧУ
һսʤžӵнȣ
Թ˳ȭ統Ȼʾ˫˫Ӧ˿ֵ᰸
ǻȵֳ֤ȽӵǿЦã
ߵЩžȻԼעȥģûʹԼأ
ЦǣžȻΪԼ֣ȻЩȤ󣬵
Ŵֵ飬ȥʶһЩŵʵ

ֳѾ˺ܶڣۿⳡսġ
ŵĸɲѰһѵλøȹʱѾվ
ѡ֣иĿֵĺɼѧվǸ
ѡؾǴֵİɡһŮһֵķװ
һƤʵ۵ķװߵĿһֱ¶޳
ȣϴŵĳͲ˿࣬ͬʱҲźɫĳͲף󴦴
ֻͷӣĿǳֲȻһ˫
У׸ߵĺɫƤ߸ЬȥϷԱߵ˸
ȣǿֵĴʦ㣬糤֮ĵһֽа˪

ϽȭңվŵѡҲûдֻǴһ
ĺ£һ̵ţȿ㣬ϸϴźɫ͸˿࣬
ϴһ˫ͷϸʺɫ߸ЬȻȭʱ䲻ģ
ȴȭͷŸֽ֣вš

Ͻǵĺۣܲѡ˳һȽϸСŮ
һţп㣬һɫšСʦɺֻ
ǶϤԶʵҲһ֪ɺ
װæܻظңȻʱ򣬽ϴһ˫ɫͷ߸Ь


Ⱦú֣ΪʲôЩŵѡֶԼŵĵģ
˸Ϊȭŵʵսϰʱһ
򣬾ǳ˲֮⣬ûҲй򣿽
úܺЦתһ룬ǸԵĹ򶼲һȻҲûй
ǰûرȤ

ʼȭĲźɺͬʱſֵİ˪
Ҳѹ֣Ҷֵ֪ʵǿģοǵĴʦ
˪ݲȣ˱ƽźɺе㵨ӣΧŰ˪
˪ƵòԾˡ󣬲źɺȻߵһ
ɺȷԱߵĲţϲٸ˪ţתţǰһ
§סţһˤѲˤڵأҲǳصģѹ
ֹɺˤڵءɺûˤѸһתŲŵĿɾһ
ϥҪܴĽһſɶڵϣɺһ֣
һ̧ϥײڲԴϣײɳȥʱɺеһ󾢷ӲϮ
һֻ߸Ьߵæһԭǰ˪ĳѾ߳˪ۿ
漫ߣȵӦ֡ղһŹ϶ΣһǶ񶾵
ɺŲæ̧ϥ񵲣˪죬ƣ
ɺ棬һֵɺͷӲĸֻɺ
ϣҵɺðǣܴͷ˺ʱ˪Ƶ
ǰݺ̧ɺţпɲλáޣɺ˵ĲҽУ
ɲҪſڵһš˪ʱվɺת
ŸոմӵվƺԾеʹŲűƽѰҽĻ
ᣬȳס̧˪м俪洦˪һЦ̧һ
Ų˰˪Ьֺһʹ˪˳ЬһȣЬ
ѲŵĽ涤˵ϣһ룬ʹòҽ
˪Ľʹֱ˪һ˲м䣬
̹ԹԹ°ͷмһ

ʱ˪죬ȹһ󾢷磬æһУպüס
ɺӺ͵Ϯȣֺݺһ˦ϵĸֻ
ɺϣɺ浹أѪ˪Ц͵Ϯң
̫˵㣡һɺмȥɺҽһҧȻһ
˪ﷴһţЬҲС˪޷
һҲʹǰһڣɲˡʱԱߵĲҲ
վ𣬸պԼ˵ߣѵ̧һǿ
˪£˪ʵһţŵȭ¯࣬һ
ǿ߶ľ׮ģ˪ܴػһѣŴӺס
˪˫֣кɺһȽǿİ˪ɺȥ
ź޷İ˪ʩչֱǽͷСĸ
ܣʽֹȴ쳣Чֻ£ð˪ʹ
ҽСɺٴ׼˪һػʱźȻӰ˪
߳һţһżȷǳΣַǳݶպô˰˪м䣬ԭ
ĿֱȡɺҪɺû뵽ݵ˷֮죬޷
ıżӲļͷ߸Ьʹشﲻסĺߺ


һ֣תԸ˪ſ˪֣ڿն𣬴߸ЬĽ
Ű˪ͷ߳ţ˪ʱ״̬ܲãǿֵסһЩʣ
µͨͨͷк˪ѾеԺˣʱųס˰˪ı
ݺһתߣ߸Ь˰˪˪һԵڵϣ
һš

һɺǿӵȥûܰѸղűԼ
ͷ߸ЬҪʹǲŴսپȥɺû
ɺҲͬʱƽ䲻ɺקסһˤˤ˳ȥҺòƽ
ǿֻ˫һŵأһշվɺٴǰ
ץʩչο׼ɺƣݺһȣЬײ
ƫɺϣɺҽһԿѪָ
źһɺм䣬Ǹ߸Ьļͷһ
ӴŶŶɺһ󰧺ڵϣ䣺Ҫˣ
䡭

ſڵϵİ˪ȥץס˫ֿʣǿֵ
𣿡

˪Լű裬ҧ

̧߸ЬǼӰЬ˪Ͷһ󣬰˪
һϵͷ䣬䡭

ŴȭӮ˱ҲӮ˽Ʒȡ
ȶЩûʲôȤֻǾòЩԼķ˿ʧǺ
ȭ磬ȴõһܸȤ鱨ʲôأ¼ٽ

ˡѰж

ȾͺͿؼȭ硣һβμȭ
ᣬȼȭ糤٣нӽһװˣ
У׸ߵĸ߸ЬԵƱˣ͵͵˻٣
ֹߣĻܽĸ߸ģģմһ
¶米ĺһţȿ㣬ȿֱϺϵļ
֣Ȱ⣬ܵȭ糤ʵضס

ǣ糤ټȴûиȺɫͷһ
֪Ǹˣ㲻ҪΪԼԸ⻯
˸⻯ˡţÿܵѵһȱϯȻһ
ȭ硣ĩˣյȶС˵Ŀ˽
裬ʱ㣡ȻʹĻЦˡ

һƵ룺֪˭ﶷӲҪأ

ȻڶοʼǻϰˣںСҲܹһ
ȭĻѵԶЩȻСһˡ

¶ȼѵӣÿȭ綼ᰲжսѵ
ָûʸμӶսѵģֻһ߿ķݡм
ѧȴ˵лѧÿ죬һƼҲμӡ֪
ǼμӶս

Ȼϣǵһѧкյģ˵Ҫдһ¡
ǴȭĽվڵ̨ڣû뵽Լĵһȭʵս
ǸλѧԴ꼶Ĵѧ㣬ȭм
һȻ·硣ȵȥѧ
ɲûκιƣصҪΪĿġ
ǣȭһǲԷҪģԽʵս׽⣬
յȺȻþ취ֵһǱյĲ
˸Ÿ£ʹÿҪˡЪһᣬ
Ǽվ򣬿һСģͷٴιҲʣһֱߵڵ
ϡٴ𣬺ոʱ䣬һıֱȡ
ͷǼƾǲѽȴſ²ݡǣνûóѣ
Ѹ¶ףһһߣź˺յĿû
ȻһУ޷رɲҪȻһǺǿ
Ҳ㹻ƺһСڵϣ亹ֱˡ

һ¶ԷǼѧը˹ǿָȷ棬ȻҪ
ǳҪѵȣʱСҲ糤ٷˣ
ҰոսȵĹĿǸȥģֻǺյ
ȸպ̧߲Żᱻ⣬ûʲôġΣ
ȻǷˣⳡԶʤԺҪעˣ
Ƿġ⼸仰Ȼ޷ƽϢԷŭǼȻ糤ˣ
Ҳ˵ʲôλʦֻвʵط·һȳһյĺ뿪
ԱҲ׷ɢȥ֪ǽˡ

¼ȷˡţ˺ܿ
ѣ͸¶˱ԭԭ⼸ʦȭĶԣ
ԱҪ֣ʹѧԺҲСģ
κձ˿˵ǴģѧԺֿʼ˽ȹ
˵õĴšźΪȵģԿɲǺǵģýһ
ҪСĶԷı

ȶǺܷϣʱ򣬲ĵһ
ϢýȤŸ˵һţ˵Ůѧ
ԺǰһǮ˵ׯ԰ׯ԰ĳźܶ౦أʲô
Ѿû֪Ǳصľλüׯ԰ʷУʷ
˵ǴѧԺҡ

ȥ֪ˡ˵

ô򵥣ͱ˿Уһ˼λѧ
У֮⣬˽ֹ뵵ңΪˣʦأȰ
ǲҪաЩʦǲǵģһУ֪ˣ³Ǻܲҵ
ǱˡȰġ

ǽȴסϢһºڷߵҹȾҪ
һҡ˱õ壬Ȼûиȥʲô
ƭõ˵ҪȥҿϴζԼѧĵҪ͵͵
ȥҹ·ȫõ帺𱣻С

ǣõŽѧԺĵңҶУ԰һ
䣬칫¥һξ룬ڻ谵·£Ž׼
߾Ϳʼ֣ǳ̣Ūһ
ûŪ

ȻʱڰȻһӰûȽȿˣ
һţһڽȵ棬ȸо񱻼
׶Ӵһ£ǶԷĸ߸Ьһý˷ɳüף
ˤڵϣȺ޷ǿҸŻһְҵװ
磬ɫ£ɫףɫȹȹһ˫ȣ
˿һֱϣ¶Ըе˿ߣһ˫ɫ߸Ь
ЬУϣЬͷޱȣһ֪һǵĽ
ɫλԸжΣյʦǵҵĵԱӢࡣ

õ尵⣬˺һӾùҲĽʧȥս
ȥѾ̫һǰӢ࣬ٴιȡ
˾ȭĶˣþһʱѷָ¡õ尵
ԾһʦôôĹǺηʥ΢һ
һӢצѹǰõæָ񵲣ûӢ
ĽͬʱԼ˹Ȼһҵʹõ֪
ӢǼͷ߸Ь壬ʹˣתܣ
Ӣ׷Źں׷ݵõȻ
ץԱһ·ӣȻһٰʮתӭ׷Ӣ
࣬߳ţӢ㲻õؿڣʱһƣõ
ٴηٴӢϣεĿҪһ㣬
ʵȹм䡣Ӣߣ˱ߵ÷˳ȥһ
վסǺȻľʹҴʱ֪Ҫ
УҪõһֱסӢ
ĺ󾱣һϥǣضȹ棬Ӣʵ߲סˣ˫ϥ
ڵϣõ廹ݣһӢһڵϰ


ʱȻһӰ˳˵һɽõĺõ
һԣĵǰת뿴
˾ѵԼǰõ尵һãѷһţõ
м䣬õȻһϮɫۣ޷ṩκαһ
ߵ뿪棬֮õ嵥ſ˼ǿվסһ
ȷǳңսõҲÿʹһ߰ڳص
ƣһߴ͵ϮԼˣֻһŮӣķǳߴ˶
һɫģһĺɫţп㣬Ŵһ˫ϥ߸Ƥѥ
ǼͷϸӢĸ߸Ь֪࣬ǵҵĹԱ
˹Ӳ֪˹ǰŮʹǾҲ
ڣ֪õϾˣõһԸ˹
ǸղűеĵطԾʹú˫ŷָֻʹԾ
ʹ

ߣ˹͵Ϯ֮󣬲ûм׷õ壬ϵĴĴָ
Ȼ󻺻ָ£Ȼĸָõ֣Ƶƣ
ҪõǰԴõ岻ʾȥָצץ˹˹
Ťͷܿõ˳ƶ£ץ˹زǻûץͱ˹
˫ץס˹קһ£õ屻ǰ˹̧ϥǣ
ײõСϡõ塸ءķһƺߣСʹ
ļǽվȡ˹Ӻ׷õƤѥ콥ȻһŤ
ҽڰջһȦֻ۵ĺһµס˹ߣ
źɫ߸Ьĺ˹°ϣ˹°ʹ
õˢһţ˹Ŀɣ˹ʹùǺſ
ԭõߵ߸Ьͷֱȡ˹̫Ѩ˹æ
һֻһҽУõ壬ԭ˹ϴһԴ
̵ƤõֹǸպЩϣʹõ嵹Ǻˡ˹
һȭõСϣõ³һѪ̵Ŷ
˹õ庰һ䲻̫׼ĺһҲᣡ漴߳һ
ȣõʱ㣬ϣ̺һֻߵ
ݣڿд˺üȦžһˤڵϡ

˹ûм׷ڹЦţЦݺܿʧˣԭ
ǽȴӺ֮֮һм䣬˹ո
ˣʱʹϼʹֱȽҲһ
˫ɫͷ߸Ьһɫţп㣬һë£Ӣݡ
˹ͷȺһϣЬ
˹ʹ˹ֱУڳһֻˡȼ׷
ǰ˹˫磬ϥǺݶɲ˹ֻɲ
ͷݺײ˽ȵıϣȳʹűӹֽ˹
һˣһ߽ȿɣõ³һߵ
˷ߵסһߣɲڵһ


һߣõȻڵһӢѾָòˣ
Ȼûǿŵõ壬˫ۼҪŭһ
µõߣ˫ץõֻţȻԼĳõȹ
ֻ°ڻζ£ӢĽõ˼£
ڰ״̬õȻһ˫Ͻ˫ţ
ʹʹŤˡӢɭɭЦųĳ
߸ЬЬѾմѪ

ȿõ屻ӢݲУҧгݣʹ
Ӣȥʱ򣬺˹һקסȵĳس
䲻ʢŭеĽһ¿Ӻɲ˹ղѾ
ˣʱʹϼʹɲڵʹ˵Ȳŭ
ӢȥӢԾڵϣƺûָ
̧ĸ߸Ьһ̤ӢͲȥӢ෴
Ӧ߻죬ǳýһɨȻûȥѾӢһɨ
ȣžһ浹ڵϡӢץסȵ˫ţȻ
߸ЬţпĿλ꣬۵һţпĿӦ
ƣЬֱڽȵİνҰ
һҵĽ˫ڰץȻһʹϣһҳԼ
ͷﲻסģӴҵСðʹˡѽأ
ŹҰɡء

Ӣˣŷſȵ˫ţϱڵش
ȻʱšӢվѹڵϵ˹Ҳ˹
ŹݺһڽȵĶϣȸоӶҪ߶ˣ
ǿŻšӢѽšס˹һ
ϥײڽм䡣Ѿвˣֻ̱ڵ
ϣһϺ״

ӢŽ˵Ҳ˭֮ǽأ˭Ҵ
³һת˵Ҳְڣǣ
´ץҾͰ͵УҿԺܸεظ㣬
ǵ³Ҫҵöࡣ߰ɣҪٴˡ
ǿվõƺ˵úأڵϺߺšȲ
õ壬һȳһյ뿪˵ҡ
