
Fxcmի http://www.fxcmz.com

Marketiva http://www.marketivax.com
-------------------------------------------------------
ݼ顿<BR>1997꣬һλԽߵõ3000ĳԵӴȦʼԼĺ󹬡ƣۣʪʫɣȫ󹬣ֺ󹬣ʽʼ </font>


һ 1997


001 ԽԽָ
峿һҲ䵱Уµһ쿪ʼˡ
ʱھ˵ʮֵƣĺƣΪԽˡ
ھ2013ˣȦˣǴǣֻǸССĸݣһ˵иְֶ񶼲ʲô˲ֻΪմ˵֣ԶһЩ˵Ů˶ԣھҲǸֵðͽˣһЩɫϳˣҲù۵СԱҲ½ϴ
ھǱһСǵģ˶ˣů֮˯ˣھ֣ԼԽˣ1997꣬йϳɳą̂
Լֻǽھʮ꣬1977ģСĸ˫ڹ¶Ժģú˧ھչ֮󣬺ڵݡ
ǰǸھСͺܴѧʲô죬ǶӴѧѧΪСĵУĶӣ±Լĳһҹľƣͱھˡ
벻ȻᴩԽصʮǰ
ھΪ̾
ʱھԼסķӣʮƽףһһͿһõģһֵ͵ķӡ
ھʱҲ뿪ˣԽʹԽɣԼнţҲԼȦ죬صʮǰƾݣػȦǻܹΪء
ڳΪ֮ǰȰѶ˵˰
򿪱䣬һ⻹һЩ߲ˣھóߵ̨ϣ׼ôպˡ
Ȼھ̨ϣ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һ~
һöźɫʯͷĽָ
ʲô
ھһղſûⶫ
£ָ˿ָֻܹӣм·һĶ֮Ҳûɶرġھϸһ£Ҳûɶر𰡡
˵ţַָ̨ϡ
˵⣬ھΪ׾ϾѾܾûˡѽ
ھȻһԭָеˣѪ˳
ˣ
ھüͷѪ̨ϣСָϣ
ڼҵ˴ϣھ̾һ˥
ôˣ
һɰСŮھĶ
˭˵
ھʧɫе
Σû˰ѵǻˣ
һɱӼ𣬸Ⱦھ񾭡
Ұָˣ
ָ
ھһǸָ˵
ʲô˼ҿǳԣԣĵԣ𣿡
˵ˡ
ôˣСˣ
ھʱҲˣϾԽ鶼ˣģҲûɶֵþȵˡ
˼ҶӶԷ
ָ˵
Է𣿡
׳գ˵ǽг磬𣿡
ˣ
ھָ˵ô磿ԲԲô尡
㿴
ǽָȻһȻͱһɫ
ΣҲУ
ھһϽ嵽ԱߵĲϡ
зˡ
ָܻϲ˵
ھѵ԰Ա˵ԵģһԷ
һ⣬Ū˵ھˣھ극Ǹָ˵ˣԱˣŪ
ô찡
ھʵڸ˵˵һ
ԳƺΪǣܶ˶ôƺġ
ǸŮͯ˵
ʲôط
ھʵ
3005ĵ򣬱ﲻ֪ж٣һزȥˡ
ƽ˵
3005ꣿǲ31δ
ھܳԾ
ǵȻ
˵꣬һһƴСųС飬üĿʮֶˣɵھļϣ˵ڵĻҵˣԺҾ͸ˣ

ھסˣôˣ
ղϵѪķǵһϵѪˣҵˣһӶǣ
˵𣬡ɱС˼ң˼ҿǻܶ¶ġ
ܶ¶ɱ᲻᣿
ھѿڶ
ȥвУ˼ҿġ
е
Ǻðɣ㣬ĸҷ㣿ערûУ
ߣ3005Ǹָ߼ںһңҵϺͼұ֮ǾҪҵѪʹˣȻرըҾ͵
ô˵ҳΪˣܰʲô
ھʵ
Ҫʲô
ʵ
šȨϥܰʲôݣ־ᣬƣʫʫȫ˯ˣ
ھٺЦ
У¶ֻҪȦˡ
˵Ȧһ˳ΪǣȢˣ󸻺ңûģҵˣ
ھˣв¶ǿҵĻϲ֮ɫ


002 Ǯʹĥ
ʱ˵ˣˣҴϰɡ
ھ˵ͷ˳ӵؽָԼϣʱǽָʧˡ

ھһָأ
һЦ˵ѾˡˣպҪĻֻҪĬˡ⣬պҲֻſԿüǣÿʱҪһΣʱҪ鷳ˣ
֪ˣ
ھ˵ͷ
˵ˣڻڳɳѡǣûȤ
ʲô
ھһ˵񣿡
Ϊ˵ھﲻ֪ţƳ̶ȣǾǿɱδһκεӾţƲҪԼݣǸжð
ǰڵĻСӡޱͽЩɫѡУǲܵġǵĻҪСݶ̩ģ¡þҪȥˣԡˣȥȡһ£

ھһ£ǵǰɫܽݵģ°ǸΰݵģѺģԼȥԣɲɰ
ǣҲһᱻѡϰ
ھЩԥ
㲻Ҫġ
Ц˯֮һһЩϷľע뵽ĴУǱʶУϷ飬ǸõԱ⣬ӵһʿɹ۵ʽֻҪǮͶʣǿ϶ݵġ
ǮĶǮ
ھһ
ˣȥƱ
ЦйѾƱԹˣм¶Ǳţ֪׬û⣬ʱȥһͶʣ׻öĽɫһºõķֺ죬ֲֶΪ
ð취
ھϲٺһЦ˵㻹Ǹõĵԣ
һԺ
ɳӣѡǴ
ⲿϷողʽϻĺͶʵĴ˿ҲҵһҪѡõĽɫ
ǡͶ̩ѾѡСӵ¡ͳ־󣬵¡ΪҪȥֻۣδڶɫҪѡ
⣬ޱСҲҪѡСΪŮһţڶ˭֪ǸѡõԱȻˣȥƬӣԾֻʱѡ
21ţ
Աһһʮ꣬ȸߵŮ˽
áӦӦѡСС࡭
Ůʱܽţ˵Ͱ͡
ˣȥɣҪҵĲǿڳԵСӣôһϳƹڶûȤȥˡ
ֱӸߡ
Ȼһ˽˲Ǳˣǰݶܽܡ
ܴܽʱȻѾ27꣬ȦǸͷβˣ֮ǫ飬˵ﵼãܽܣӦɫ
Сλԡ
˵ͷˣ
27ˣ
ţҲˡ
˵ҵģ
ϺϷѧԺ
ܽܺǫ顣
ţԭ㿴𣿡
ʵ
ҿ˺ܶˣ
ţб
˵βҲгζݶӦûǱȽϺʵġɡ
ԱߵӹԱ˵һϷ
ã
˵ͷվߵܽߣ˵ڰޱ˵һ̨ʡ
ã
ܽ˳ӵصͷȻ¶֮ɫޱɽ⣬غϣŸҰ㣡ͬ󺣰㱼ڣҪһǵİ壡
λ񣬶ⲻѣһ죬һˣܽôһ˵ȻҲˡ
ǺһЦ˵Сӣʺ϶ɫվ
ллݣ
ܸܽܺˣĵϷˡ
ѡ͵ˣѾѡˣĿһȺԱȥ
ͷվ˵
ѡˣѡȻûбҪȥˡ
ŶӵԱ̬ʧޱȣкü˫ۺᣬҪˡȻǴˣҲҪܲסִ
ȵȣһлҪ˵
Ȼһŵ˹
һ㶣ֻһʮҵ˽΢ЦӦɫģݣҾһܸܽʺɫ
ھ
ţ
ʱȤ˵λС磬Ϊʲôô˵أʲô֣
ȻھŸеܳԾ
ҽھΪɶô˵ݣܷһ˵
ھ΢Ц
ţ
һ£ߵھߣھһߣӻͳһ֧Ʊݸࡣ
ùһʱ۾ɵϴ󣺡һһ򡭡
ྪˡ
ǰݣɫøҵĻ֮Ͷİ㿴ô
ھٺһЦǱ޳ܡ
򰡣ڻʱ򻹲ǺӣԼⲿϷʵҲû̫ϣͶʮޣҲһǧ򣬶ھһӾóľѵĸŵĸ
ʵھǮģ򣬽˰֮ٶʮԼ¶ʮʣµľͶˡ
𣿡
ھ΢Ц
˿ĭͶʡھòܸܽܲǮ⿴ûɶģһΪȣ
ǣͷɽǶ
ھЦˣǮʹĥ⻰һҲûС


003 Ӣ۾
뿪˺ϵ̨ھղܽһȺʧı飬еΪⲻȥϾԼǮĽɫЩ¡
漴һǿʳ磬ھȻˣǺǣԼͶ֮󣬲нɫݣһ鲥֮󣬻üڣԼԷֵǧĻӶˣҸطúóһ٣һ¡
ϰ˵㡣
ոմһҸ߼Ա֮ȥ˺õֻھԼҶȥض鰡ٺ٣˳ԣټԼδ֪ʶԺһ
ʱĴ½ĸ￪Ѿ˳Чɳĸ¥Ѿھȥķӣĸеϡ档
תۼ䣬ߵһû˵СӣȻھСƺмӰ
𣬵»߽Сӣȥȴʱˡ
ֻ˰һŮѹڵϣһסͣһڲ·ŮƴϧȲˣֱס޷ȣۿҪ衭
ҿ
ھȥˣ·ƽһ𣬸óʱͳ֣˶֪ĵҪ˵ǰھ޸֮ҼΪڡȻȻ޸֮¸ɶ
Ȼҹ컯աºڷɱҹǿ鸾Ůǲ˰ɣСүҪúùܹܣ
ھһǰѹŮϵķͽ߿е
˭һүүĺ¶
˴һһ˷ſŮ
ŮѾǺȻ콵ǣϲϽվһ·ܵھߣе㣬ȾҡȾҡ
Сģڣκ˺ġ
ھ˵ţϽ
ұ书֡Ǹһսָһǧˣ
ھĬ
ҵˣǺ鷳ðɣҲȻʲô֮ţˣ֮߻ǿԵġսָˣ
һкھһ˲еɸˣ̰սָ쭵ǧ㡣
˿С죬һȻ˸һǵĺ¶ŭѡ
һǹͷŭȵСӣһүүĺ¶˰ɣ
һëȵ磬Ҫ˿һϣȴȻС椣
ã
ͷһȭھ
ھЦһһ䡱һһȭǹͷıǹͷʱҽһڵ˹ȥھսָ쭵쭵һ㣬ǹͷĿ¾һš
ʱǹͷһƬѪ죬ˣ
ǻëһھһһ߳ȥǻëĵʱھУɱƵĲҽУڵ˹ȥҲһƬʺ졣
սָеܲۡ
ھһҲڵϵĶˣתӣ˿ǸԼµŮӡ
ھ˲סˡ
һʮֻʮ߰ŮһͷĳԲԲݽˣķԸеĺСڣļͽСͦġ1ǣо޵ĸо
ʱϵѾҲЩңۺɫĳϣһԸͦŮ飬ԲԲģĹĵģһഺϢһԿ˵Ȱ˶Բ£磬ޱȣǸʮŮ
ңŮھʶġ벻ԼȻˡ
㡭Ǵˣ
ǸСŮһţգգܳԾ˵
ǰС㣬û¶ɣ
ھ߹ȥŮ׼Ѿ˺ˡ
Ůϣ˵С㣬ʲô֣ô
ŮھԼ·Ͼһ죬ҽзǸԱɳӦɫģϻʱ򣬾ͱͱ˶ˡ
˵ʳˮ
ҿȻǷүھаȻǷ
ǰɾھСݿɼĴŮԱǱҲֲʱЩɬŮԱɫĵʱ󶯣ҪôһŮǸжð
£ھϽ׽ãҽھ뿪ؼҰɣȻҪ˾Ͳá
ţллˡ
ʱĲһ˻ؼˡ
ǡ
ŵϻԵˡ
ھǺһЦ˵ǿ߰ɡǡ
ط٣ûأˣҲֲԼϡ
ͷ߳Сӣ˼ף˶ĵطھһ⳵˳֮󣬷˵Ǹൺֵ¡磡
⳵˾Ӧһųʻȥ


004 Ұĺָ
ڳ⳵ϣھ˵Ůһʵ
ţʲô£
ʵ
Ǹ
ھԥһ£ʵΪԾɣ
ǰ
һ£ʵô֪ģ
ھһЦ˵˵ʵҾǻͶ֮һͬʱҲݶˣ
һ۾һϲ˵ھǡͶ˼ӻݣ
û
ھһЦ˵ҲԵҰƼȥȻδؿŮǣϷصŮǣ뻹ûģô
̫ллˣھ
־ϲסлھ
ھһЦס֣֪Ϊʲôһμ㣬ҵһеĸо
⻰ϵʱһ죬ͷѽھȻ˵ֻšᡭ
ھǺһЦſ˷֡
ܿģ˷ס¡硣ھͷ³ھЦú˯磬ҴȥԾϷݺصĽɫ
šллˡھԺǾǺ˰ɣ

ھһЦ˵ǰԺǺܺõˡڣҰҵĵ绰ɣ
˵ͷԼֻݸھ
ھ˫ֻ֮󣬾͸뿪ˡ
صԼķ˿ΣհԼײˡҪھԼ¾͡
뵽ھв¶һ˿
ȻȥԼ·¶˵壬߽ԡҡ
ԡ֮ڣѾһ˿ңչڿС
ھԼĳ壬ڷʱɢĶͷŶ˵ò׵Ĵ۾ԼԲЩǲ٣ľһİʱϲŴƣ飬׽⻬СԸ޳ȣԲں֪լķƨɣټδκο˽ĿŮ˽֮ȫչڿУǻȷ۵˽֮һĨ̺ڰţïܵĺɭһ㣬ѾǾԵĵıˣƨҲǾԵܷԲ߸粻ʿҪ֪ǰɾĴƨˣʱα¶ڿУԵø򣻷ҲǿһȻΪʱʮͣ鷿ر֮󣬿ǹڼͦ٣д
žӵԼ˵ĳ壬¶ŵЦݣԼԲϼЩŮ˲٣δܵõģԼҲܵõ
Ұģ׳ɳ
ԡ׵УϴԼ˵ı壬ܵǻȵˮԼļˣǸԼھ
죬ԼһʲôĽɫ
ھ߷֮һ˻Լĳݡżªķӣھüͷĵⷿסʵڲϻʣ¶ʮҸȥҲá
뵽ھúģǽٻ˳
ˣҰ
Ц˵
ھ˵ǰ̸̸
ȱ𼱣ˡ
һЦ˵˼ҸոƳһµҩСһ顯ˣҪҪ
ʲôһ飿
ھһ¡
һָھϳһƿۺɫҩˮ
ˣ椱رҩ
Цһ˵ÿһŮ˶ָ˵սָһһ˵սָ5ң书ˣսָҲһٵ㣬Сһٵ㣬㣬ɼָĻªֻһ㣬˧͸ߣʱǸŹ٣ʼòָԸߴٵ㡣ҵƿһ飬ô˵ָͿ㣬ʱκŮ˶һ飬ң˯ôָǵ壬ǻһӰˡǣСŮǻ㰮ȥû㲻УԸ˵Ůˣɪг罺ϥ֡˾ͿԳΪ椸ˣ
𣿹̫ˣҺȣ
ھϽƿǣһƿˮˣζݮζġ
ˣˣָѾˣ˵˵ʲô¶ɣ
Ц
ҪǮ
ھ˵ڵǮ̫ˣ취ôŪǮ
ҪǮھиᡭ
Ц199763գۻһ¾Ҫع飬97ΣҪˣֻҪβݣԿԴ׬һʣ
97Σ
ھһŽеǰô¶ˣ


005 Σ
97Σӻ˹һϯ޽ڷ籩ǽΣ1997710£̩ʼ֮һӰڽ޹ҵĻҡƱгʲֵ
ʷⳡΣǴֵ̩ʼģ199772գ̩̩Ԫѹʵиƶȡ̩ʿ20%̩ͬķɱӡǺǵȹѸֵ̩ܵľ޴
711գɱڸΧԪһձֵ11.5%ͬһ죬ֹּͨؽһֵӡǱȷԪıȼۣӡ7214ձֵ14%֮ޡǸҾֵ
·ݣ˹ǰѪѾʼˣھжҪˡ
ҪⳡΣлʤҪʱ˲ţ
ھ˵ҶûУô죿
ǺһЦ˵ˣ˼Ǹɶģʵ㣡˼ҿԼһٸķŮŸ߳ǿΪͷڴҵĹǸ˲ţҾġʽǿȥ̩ӡȡɱЩҵд
ھһûʲôԵѺǵİôǣ
ǺЦˣЩмңǶһЩ˵˽ĳĳŮ찡ʲôʲôԻؿ۰ЩϿⶼмأ밡ҪǰЩЩмҿûġ
ߣʵǸߣ
ھڲˡ
Щ˽ЩмңùԹԴԼ
ڶϡ
ھһ˷ס¡硣
ſڣھͨ˷ĵ绰
ι˭
绰ﴫƣȻ˯
Ǳھ
ھЦ
Ŷʲôھ
һ˵˰
ǰ˵ˣҪһȥԾİô㲻ȥ
ھЦ
ҵȻҪȥȻҪȥ
˵ɣھɡס5¥131䣡
Ŷõġ
ھЦ
ܿģھ͵¥
˷ţȴûھ˽ȥȴѾ·ױ̨ǰױ
ʱһۺɫ³ȹɰѰ³еʮֶˣϷӺ崿ʣ˵ʮֺʡ

ھ˹תͷھһɲǣʱоһȣһ죬ľȻʼͨͨ
찡ôˡôҿھȻšȻôţ
ȲѣھʱͷǳҪ׽һַǳĸоڷѸٷѿ
ôˣ
ھϺ˵ģһϲָˣ
Ŷûʲô
ɬѣھȵһ¡һױ͸ߡ
û¶ż
ھǺһЦ˵ŮӼǳʱһױȥԷȻȥҲ١
š
ߺ˵ͷжھİ⣬𽥳ɳ
ùԹͣھŷų⳵ܿ˻ļ
һ·ϣھߵķǲͣڿھʱľãھܾ˧ˣҪܸ˹һ롣
ھȻ֪Щʲôǿߴ𣬿ɰΣҲǵѣº˵ЩЦģֱ˻顣
˾飬ھֱҵࡣ
ʱھǿϾû죬Ȧﲻ˲ⲿϷͶҲԽ٣ǸڶСӵˣΪⲿϷԲŴݡھһͶ򣬸˾ķӿռ䣬ȻҪظھ˵ˡ
ھʱ˵ﵼλҵѷǻĵ࡭
ã
ã
֣˵ھ˵һ£ѾƬ̫̫ˣǳ⡣λСǰǲǸɫ
ھһǮͶʣԱѡϣȻлȨ
ھЦǰҾñôƯʺϷﵼ㿴
¶ס
ʵǰɣǰݹϷ𣿡
ݹ
Ͻ˵ŮǿⲿϷݹŮוּδޣʶѩʦҲƼԾġ
ѩ̨ŮǣȻЩˣȦȻʮ֮˵ԭŮʿƼİǾ͸ûˣȽɣԼϷ


006 Һ
˼Ϸ֮룬˵òȷʵǲɶãǾЩȱһʡС㲻ʺϣޱĻҲʡҾñȽʺ㣬ԸԸݣ
һǽɫҲ⣬ϾǰǸСԱڵĻܹһϷݺصѾܲ˵ﵼԸɫ
˵ͷ˵ţǳãɫ͹ˣⲿϷĻ·ǻῪԤңҪѵһǵ幬ǣԹʱ䣬ǶҪѵ֪𣿡
֪ˣ
ھǺЦ
뿪˺ϵ̨֮ھ΢Цſŷ˵ϲ㣬˽ɫ
һ죬ͷ˵ⶼҪллھ㰡Ҫ㣬ĻᰡǸûпգ
ʲô¶
ھһ£ʵ
Ǹ
ԥһ£˵úлл㣬ھϡܲҵùݣҸһЩóԵĶԶٷòã
ţҳԷ
ھһ£ϣ⡭е
Ǻǣðɣûоܾɰ
ھǺһЦ˵
㡣
ʱķһùݵĳԼһˣշǳһӵļҳˣķ䵱У׼˺ء
ʱҲǴʮɫȹȹ񻶯˵ķħȫչ¶ټʩۣ֬˹ɫŮ˵дա
¾㱸ֻǷھ
Ц֣ʱĺϣ̼ھ
ˣ
ڣűˣ۾һǰȥš
ſˣֻھ΢Цվſڣޱȵķ
Ư
ھޱȵķвĵŮ˲δȦ˶ͳݣǿɾ;ޱȰ
ȻһЦзǳˣھŹϣ˵ھˣҺܸˡ㿴Ҹ׼˺öء
ھϵһˣ˱ǣʳָ󶯣ЦðȻɫվѰһζķˣʳ
˵ء
Цھ£ϲԾͺá
ھԼ˺ƣϵľƱ˵ھһƣҪл㣬һ
ھϽƱЦ֮ͣҳݣ㲻Ҫô
ȻһЦھ˺µһơ
ڶơ
ھԼٴε˵лھƼȥϷҺܸм㡭
ǺǣҲС¶㲻Ҫϡ
ھǺЦźͷ˽ľˮһ
¶ǣȻֻǺƣھͷҲ˺ΣʱķͬȾһĺ֬һ㣬ǣھ˵ľɫŮһŻ𣬲ȼ
ھԲˣԲˡ
ЦŰھвˡ
ھǺЦЦ˵ԼԼ
˼ڷζȣھǺЦЦ˵ȻɰĲȫԳƵϴˮ׼ҪȥݣԺһȥԡ
ЦҵĴͰˣھŮ𣿡
ھ⻰ǺһЦ˵ҴСûû裬Ǹ¶һ˳ԱȫҲʲôŮѰ
ǹ¶
ܳԾ˵ĸĸأ
Ҳ֪
ھ˵ڹ¶Ժ󣬾˵Ұҳʱˣһˡ
ԭȻ˿
ʮͬھСʱȻ˵ж฻ԣҵĸĸҵߣҰְ趼ҷǳĺá֮£ھȷʵҵĶడ
Ǻǡ
ھһںƣȻ뵽һ顣
һû顣
ǾǣԼΪʲôһ飬Լĸĸʲô˰
뷨ھԴ˲
ڴˣھȻȥ顣˷΢Ц˵ЩĵˣǳԷԷ
һٷԵǾ㷹ھͷ֮ɳ졣
˵һӻھ˿ʱ䣬òˣ˸վ˵ˣʱ䡭ʱҲˡ룬һȻȥ˰ɡ
˵ţھЩؿŷ
ۼھҪߣһ£ŵھʵԲߵġھң𣿡
ھӲһתؿŷһ仰Ҳ˵
ϵģйŮһң˵ҡζʲôǸ˶֪
ھʱ˿ĭ˫֣һѱס˷ӡ


007 ĳ

ͳһ῿ھĻڻھҲͲסһѱ𷶱۵ӣѹ˴ϡ
š
˵ھ˼ҷ֡ϲˡң𣿡
ã
ھ˵Լ촽һѺͷۺ촽һ

һŮӽһ
ھĴֻڷ˻ϣǻ鷿ʵϵĸоʮͷͷһ齻˵ܲɷ֣ӣĴ̼˵ġ
ҿѵ·𣿡
ھϢ̧ͷŷ
šԼѡ
ɬ˵ھ뿪˷ӣڴϣ⿪ԼȹŷȹĻ䣬ֻʽԸޱȵķչھǰ
ʱķȻ̫ʹϽ׶˵Ů壬Ƕ˵һӾھǿڸѡ
ھɵɵؿԼȻһЦ⿪Լ֣̣ǻ嶯ˣͦջ͵˳ۺ٣ۻҡ
ɵϣ㻹ʲô
ɬ
ңҡ
ھͰͣȻҲ˵ɿѹԼϵ·
ھ˶ޱȵDD¶ʱ򣬷Щסˣ˵ۣ󡭡
һѾھѹ¡
ھס˷ǶԿ˵飬ۺһھǽһԴ󷢣һѺסǿ˵ͷ˱

һھĿ̼ĴŮӣôδк׽ĴŮˬѣšھ򡭡
ھʱһŷ۵壬Ĵָڷ˵ϣһŮ˵壬һҲŹ
šʪ
ھʪ壬Ц
šѵڿ㴩ܡ

ھЦŰﷶѵڿ㣬Ȼ󷭹ӣǷĴƨɵʱھһδ󱬷˵ƨɺô󡭡69ʽ𣿡
һ죬˼һᡭ
ھһЦһڴϣ˵ƨɴչ
ѽû
ھһۣ˳ӵؿھͷϣԼѨδյھϣԼסھǸִޱȵߣԥһ£˿Уʼؿڽ
š
ھ̲סлǰֲԼĴ˶ʱȻԼĿ£ֱޱȵĴ̼
ھͷʼ·СѨڣˮóԣھȫȥ屻ھţҲļӿŪھ͵ٶȣھˬ첻ѣŷƨۣͷһ绬СѨޱȡ
ھһ浶ǹĸɣƿתĽʽƨɶ׼ԼļͣھϲһƣΪϲŮ˵ƨɣϲԼŮʱƨɵӣھһߡ
šھ˼Ūôˡ˵ơ

ھһƨɻû˵ԼǰŮ˸ȲϣҲֻЩŷŮ˲űȵϣӶ˵ǣķƨм䣬һöۻˮңǿ˵ľջСѨŶķۻ壬Ө͸ˮʱʪޱȵĴѡ
ھһЦ˵Ҿϲơٺ١
ھ˵ţһģžһεϸһơǼ䣬ϵʱֳһӡؽлһеšھ
ھٺһЦԼļͶ׼СѨһ
۰鲻Խشһ壬л˳
ھоԼߴ뵽ޱȣԼһӴ˷һĤǴϲԭȻǸ˾ĴŮ
ŷʳһĨ̺ѪȾ˴ھϲض췢ˣеԭԭ㻹ǸŮŮ
š
ҧ˵ͷ˼ҿʲôˡšɲ˼ҡ
ǺǡǵȻǵȻˡ
ھ˵忪ʼԼڷĴŮСѨ￪ʼԼĳ塣
š
ʼ˵һ˿ң嶯˵ھھļһѾǴִޱȣ̼ڷĽУһµĶȥŪķܿ͸оʹ࣬Ǹо޾ˬָо̫ˡ
š
ھĿ籩굱У˶󼦰ͲԼСѨĿ֣鲻Խط
ھ̫ˣʱ֪ĺôǰɲǸУһŮʮӾйˣǴʱ֮սָ֮Լƺʹһ㣬ʱߴڷ嵱УԽսԽ£˿û˼
š
ʱȫãˣھ̫ˣļƺĶһ´̼ԼײԼĻģƹϵŮܵһŮ˹һҲܲĿ֡
ھٸ˷ʮӺ󣬷ӺȻһȻĺ촽һ󡰰ؽлȻھ͸оСѨһɻȵҺ壬ԼĹͷϣھصʱʧأȫһ飬һľҺ˷ڣһ̱ڴ϶á
ھйԼ΢ƽϢһԼļͣŮѪ˿;Һˮһڴϣ˵ھҲ𡭡
šã
ھӴͷùֽڷСѨϰЩҺϽŷתĽѹϣ˵ôղ𣿡
š
һЦ¶ҸЦݡ
ھǺһЦͷסĺ촽ʼƷӣСڡ

ػӦھǣزζĦھϣԼھͷݣھסĽḧӣǿ˵СͷŪ
֮ھ̧ͷ𷶱

һ
ԡңϴϴӰ
ھǺЦţŷԡҡ
ùݵβߣҲвԡףھԡЦҵıҸˮ
Ǻǣðø硭
ԼĴȿԡϣḧԼĴ̣Ц˼Һϴ谡
ھˮ֮ԡźˮĽˮУˮ¶ȣޱȣ˵šھҲһݰɡ
ھٺһЦ˵Ҳ
˵ţһѿԡ
ԡײԳŮ棬ھỬڷϣһ߰ϴ壬һߵЦҵĺñúܰ㿴鷿Բִƨɺ̰ղ˼ʱˡСëٺ٣ͷһ¡
š⻵ˡϷŪ˼ҡ
ӣĽھĸ£һ飬ޱȣ̲סھļϣȴȻٴǴˣһ찡ھǸֱ˰š
ٺ٣ǰҵĺñְۣҪš
˵ţھһѽĴ̧ԡ⣬ˮ׼Ƿ۵СѨһôҵ찡
סھıоھԼļͳȶȸղŲ٣˷ܲѣеھš
ĴȼнھоĿ֣ˬ
ԡױխּˣȻӵھƨɼҵʶţžžļײԡ
ô
̫ˡھ̫ˡ˼Ҫˡ̫ˡ̫ˡھļ̫ˡ
պһ˵Ůˡֻһ˲Ѩֻһձơòá
áҷպھŮˡһ١ұˡ
ھ˷ʮӣھо侫ĿУһһ䡭
Һٴ˷СѨ
Űˡ
ٴξ¶ҲڲΣݣоԼСѨȳˣʴǵĿִӣˬĲˡ
ھϢ˵𣿡
š
ñҰӺòã˯ȥ
ھЦ
šð
ɾ֮ھųķڴϣھ˵ƣȻ˵ھԺ󡭡Ů𣿡
ھһ㶣˵֪ȦֻһŮ˲ҵĸԣ
֪
סھӣ˵֪㲻ֻһˡھϣպ㲻Ҫ뿪ңҲ֪Ϊʲôֻһ𡭡Ҳڽˣ㡭Ҫ뿪ҡ
ġģⱲӶһġġ
ھ§ŷ۵壬ͬʱ룬ָСӣûѶ󹦷͸Լոˣţ


008 
19970625ա
̹еʷ׷ݵڶսڼ̩ûκս·ȻԴḻƶ̩ĳóףھ档1942̩꣬ձĴǹȦ̶ʼͬ˹ս̩ûյ1944̫꣬ƽսѽӽβλⴴһעУΪ̹Сͬ7£̹̩ҵעᣬעʱΪ40040,000ɣÿ10011׼Ӫҵҵ121գ̹лҵӪҵִա
1945꣬սձͶ̩飬ԭûյ̩еʲ19451946½ָӪҵʹע̩پ̹ƾõľӪԼʵķԿҵҵѾ൱ɹۣͻ಻ӡ
1952̹꣬ʲѴﵽ119608.8̹ͬȫְԱ800ˣӵ19ڷУں6У۷䡢¼¡׶ء¡ºͶиһ䡣1976꣬14䡣
һ죬̹̩г̩.˹İ칫һλˣһйˣķ֮һ
λӲģʱѾҪץˣŲæԼǰ̩УǺһЦ̩˵˹гһЩһȤģ˰Ҹߣһڵģ
˹г̰֪ﴳй˸ߣǣô˵һ棬˵ãҾͿʲôҺڵģȥ
һ֣Ͻ˳ȥ
ǺһЦԼĹİȡһŷӸ˹
˹ŷ򿪣һЩƬһ֮µʱʧɫԭЩƬһŮ˳ڴϡ˶ƬŮ˲Ǳˣ̩ţ
˹ķȷʵôһӣ¶ĺܺã֪֪Լ֪ǴʱȻƬ˹ʱˣҪЩƬ⹫ôˡ
㡭ʲô˼ôЩƬ
˹еԼûа˸ϳȥȻɾ군ˡ
ǺһЦù£˵˹гǸˣ̸һģ
ʲô⣿
˹˵
ЩƬѺʿӣͬ⣬ƬƬ㣡
Ц

˹һ£˵Ҫ٣
̩࣬
Ц
ʲô
˹ûڣڿЦ⻹ࣿ˰
̩൱ʮ𰡣ھʵ㶥̩˵ԲһСĿ
Ǻǡ˹𼤶
Ц̹ΪһĴУϰԪϣʮ෴ģǮôЩƬͻ磬̩еͷͷ뿴֪ԼźҸ㣬Ҹ·˽֪ôʱгλñססǾͲ˵ˣٻҲʹ˸
㡭쵰вң
˹ɫס
𼤶ڸ̸⡭
ǺһЦЩƬļֵĻﻹһЩȤġ
˵ţӹİȡһЩ˱ݸ˹
˹ؿһ飬ʱŵɫ԰סԭЩ˱صľȻ̩ܶǮ潻ףÿһ㹻̩һγŷ籩һع⣬һľͿ϶ǵ˹ʱ˵гӼų϶һˡ
ǵסʲôˣʲô
˹ɫ԰׵ʵкܿ־壬ѼЩ鱨ˣǿµģ
˵ˣˣҪ
Цڿˣܶ࣬ڹ˵ǾţһëϰǸõˣֻҪǣڱ֤Ǯ壬ҰЩԺҲʶ˭㿴ô
˵ģ¾ͻ
˹۾ƾʲô㣿
㵱Ȼûңǣ㻹ѡ𣿡
˿ֱҸ˵ɣϰһСʱ绰ڻжʮӡʱ䵽˻û˵û绰ûõӣôٺ٣Щֻܳڹı̨ˣ
㡭㡭
˹Ļܿһ£úܶ񶾵³Ĵ𰸣ãɽ


009 ڷ籩
ڵ˹Ū̩֮󣬾̴УȫһԪȴŽΣĵ
ʱ޽ΣڿʼˡʱھޡǸǱֵҵĹҶＯʽѾһʮ
199772գ̶̩ƣʵиƣһ鼰ǵĽڷ籩죬̩һԪĻ½17%㼰гһƬҡ̩Ӱ£ɱӡǶܡּ̳ΪʳҵĹ
ʵڴǰ˹ĴѾֻ̩̩ڽ粢ûпֱڣ̩ڿʼʶ˹Ŀ¡ϧһƺЩˡ
72죬ھ̩ʽѾΪ׬ȡԪ󣬵ֻǿʼⳡΣ˹Ϊ˶Ըйھ֪ⳡΣй½޹ҵŬȥԴ׬һѵͷǿԵġ
ʱйھ֪֮󣬺ǸˣָӣԼҲûɶòֵģͰԼĵӾˡ
ʱѾصڱĳеɽׯⲿϷýʾĺܵϾⲿϷݶˣСӣҲֻ̳ĺǣӰϲ೤ҲΪʲô˻ѡݻȥݡ귽񡷵ԭΪⲿϷʵû˿ð
ھͶʣ˸һЩĴھ֪ⲿϷжţƣδǴ˺üڵ룬72׬Ǯ֮ھһͶһǧҸ飬ɰą̂͵ֻˣλӡɻţھʮָˣҲֳֵɹ
ھ飬ھҲǰļǣԼŮ˷֮⣬ޱ磬֣٣ȣھҲǶˣֻΪһӾ绹ûɱ࣬ΣһֱԺԶޱ˶ھû֡
ʱڻȻ糱ʱ򣬶ą̇̄ȵطѾȫˡ
19978£ǷּصŬһͦ¼ԪҲܵӡܡȾĹңܵĳΪء
10Ѯʳʦʽۣìͷֱָϵơ
̨嵱ͻȻ̨һʣһֵ3.46%Ӵ˶Ը۱Һ۹еѹ
1023գۺָ1 211.47㣻28գµ1 621.80㣬9 000ء
Թʽڳҵҽ겻ıлƶȣָء
ţ11ѮǵĺҲڷ籩17գԪԪĻʵ¼1 0081.21գòʻһ֯ԮʱΣ
1213գԪԪĻֽ1 737.601ԪΣҲںдͶʵձҵ1997°ձһϵк֤ȯ˾Ʋǣǽڷ籩ݱΪ޽Σ
ۣɫһҲ˵ļ䵱С198710µۡ֡һجΣ¡
1997Ľ10£һ֡Сϯ۹С1020ֹвҾ硰ɫһ10գΪˣͶʷΪƲһ졣
Ȼֲȴδڻֹг֣ǡǡ෴˹ָһ֮210֮󣬵ȴ74㡣
ͶʷǶ֮ʣڵһȴΣķӿ¸10֮һɫһʼ٣ֵֻй֮Ƶۡ
1020գ۹пʼµ1021գۺָµ76533㣬22һͷµ1200㡣
23գڸԪǰĵʹͬҵʽڽ21սΪ7ҵĸҹϢһȱ300
г£۹ɸĴܴ죬µ1041˾˾ȨʾۻãµҪܵΧʱͶӰ죬Ͷ߲ؿֻš˵ҲΪǹ֡
ΪΣҪԪʡ
ȻǰһгԪͶʱѱƽϢͬʱ۽ڹܲ־Ҳƽܾǰһϻ˳ҡ
ҲΪǿĸԤʩҲΪͽڹʿĸȾͶߣ24գ4մµ۹ǿָ718㣬68927գȨٴ꣬еϵƶȲı䣬λʧֻͶߡʱȫعγɶѭʽձ27գŦԼ˹ָ55426㣬ʷҵһ죬;ԶͣһСʱ
п̺󼴿800㡣28ۺָк1400㣬137ȫʹ877588㣬905989Уµʷ֮״֮£۹еѲˡԴˣٶǿ۹еֻʱԵĵй⽻űʾ۹ҲֲֹΪ֣۹ɲҪд"һ"ԭ򣬲ֱӸԤ۵Ĺк͸Ԫۡ
徭Գġʱ־ֳڻشԱʱ˵ȶϻƶʮֹģгһ""ԤӦ١˾˾·Ȱ񱣳侲ӦҪʱҪҪΪ
ʾǿҵģǵձָ"ȥھ˾Σ󣬱ۻܿ츴գҸӦ⡣ָ1987ȫֺ۹йȥ10Ļرʾȫ֮ס߹ֺ󣬱ֻҪչãʮĻرֿȫ֮
۱ұս˹ⳡս"ɽ緢ȫԴĵ̩ǿ಻ԡһ棬۱κʱ򶼸ӱԼ񾭡Ƕʶɡɫڰ̲۵ֻʱѡԹʽڳͱ˵棬ٶرʾ㴢ḻȲҪǣǿ֧֡һ籩۲γرصӰ졣
ʵϣ19978·ݣͶ̾ͼ̽ԵضԸ۱ҽ˳814պ15գһЩʵۺͶʻۻУýڻֶΣ3»6µĸԪڻԼԪȻѸ׿գʹԪԪһ½7751775ΪԪʵҪؼ㡣۽ڹѸٷͨͬҵϢȥӭͶߡ
ܾ߶еĴϢʹаѶͷ罻ЩǮԪԪͶԼҰ֣֮ڼߵͶɱȴں̵ܶʱڣ820ʹлָƽͶ޹
ȻǳףҲʹ˰ݣ˫ѪȲղɱ⡣
۵ָδѣߡ۹˫£ǮҪ۽ڹ̬ȼȷάϵƵȶ
Ӣʵٶ뿪׶ǰǿмľάϵʣ˾Ȩ־ֳһýάϵǸ۸ѡĿ꣬ΪһĿϢ޿ɱ⣬ϣ԰꣬˾·˱侲̻ᷢĸ֧ϵƶȣг侲˼¼۾øӶȶгȨһͶʻ˵Ҫ꣬ǲıǵĻƶȻͬԪĹϵøԪͶɥֻͶ̡
ۡձĹж֮ʱҲɱˡңھɱǰһѯڻ˶١ûھ


010 ׼ǩԼޱ
ˣ²¿ǻ˶Ǯ
ʱϢЦŶھ˵
Ԫɣ
ھԥһ£˵ĶԽڲ˽⣬ܻھͺܺˣǰĸ˹׸׸Ҳ߰ٶԪ
NONOˣڣѾǧԪˣ
Ц

ھûǧڣ㿪ʲôЦ
ھе
ǧʲôδ2013긣˹׸߰ڣԼ׸ôࣿ
˭㿪Ц
Цͨҵǣ׬ȡеĲ۾׬˼ʮԪټۡձĹжڱǴղ֣׬Ŀɾһһ
ҿͶƱڷ籩ֱ̫Ǯˣ¾⣬ҲûôǮģѹʱôЩðϲֱһú͵ĽӮ˾ð
ˣ黹ԶԶûн
ЦֻǸոտʼѣΣҪ1999꣬ǻ׬ǮĻᣬ𣿡

ھЦ˵ΪɶôǮĻƣԲԼ
һӳǧڸھǽһ˰˹ˣϷǵġ
ڶɱˣ֪ǲΪףھΪǧڴֻ࣬Ϊ˹ϲɹɱ࣬ĺá
ʱڶϷݣھҲˣʱҲھû¶ųǸѣҲñȽڡ
ĵϷһСӺޱڴԺһЩϷݣͽˡ
ϣСӺޱ֮ⲿϷڵɱʱˡ
ãˣȱ
ŵһⲿϷʱµĵӾɱˣﶼˣⲿϷˣµû׷ѡ
ˣҼҲˣϷɱˣ˹Է
Ц
ð
ҶǾֻ
Թ֮󣬴ҶҪҡ
ǸھģھǮˣڸ߼ľƵ˷䣬װ
ھȴûֱӺͷһȥҵ˾Ůޱ硣
ޱޱ磬ǽпЩ˵
ھ˵
Ŷھ¶Ҫ˵ʲô¶
翴ھһ죬˵
ھЦи뷨˵˵֪ԸԸȥסĵط̸̸
ޱÿοھеʮֺܽţҪ׽ֵŮˣȻҰе뷨ʱھȥңŮûԡ
ðǷҲû¶͸ȥһ˰ɡ
ޱЦ
ͷţ߰ɡ
ھ׬һЩǮ֮󣬾ԼĿϴһǧңһһ׺ķӣװҲˡ
ųӣܿھסĹԢһҶĴӣޱļҾ̫ã⻹ǵһôķӡ
찡ھ󰡡
ޱЦ㻹Ǯ
ǺǣһС˼δ񲥳ˣҲסôõķӡ
ھЦ
Ըɡ
Լ㷢˵ⲿϷͶʲ󣬹עҲߣҲ֪᲻졭
ھЦŸŮˮ˵˵ˣЩ˵ŮʿĹ˾ɣ
ǰ
ޱͷǶڳŮʿĹ˾ǩԼġ
û۰
ھ˵
ţ
ޱһû뵽ھȻ˵ֻ
ۣȥ
ʵ
ҵֹ˾
ھЦ

ޱɴ۾ޱھ㡭Լֹ˾ô֪
ǰû˵ʲô˾
ҲܳԾ
ûй˾ٺ٣㿪һҹ˾ȡѶֹ˾ɣ
ھһЦ˵
Ѷ֣û˵
ޱãȻҡҡͷ
ڵѶҪŴѶ񻹺֪
ûҪ
ھЦҿɡǩԼңǩԼ꣬Σ
ʲô򣿡
ޱû
Ҫ֪ޱĻһһ͸ٿ飬ʮļܹ׬ǧǮҲࣨǶˣڴ½ȦŸո𲽣Ƭͺھһ־ôöŮȻĶ
˵򡭡𣿡
ޱԥһ˵
ȻġҿԸһʱ俼ǣһԺһѺ֧ͬƱ
λŮɫ粻֪˵ʲôá
ջô󰡣
ޱˣھţһԼһĴ𸴵ġ
ڽǿ˾ˣ


ڶ 1998


011 ˾
Ҫֹ˾ͱ˲ţʽſԣʵھﻮҲһʱˣϾھڱ£Կһֹ˾ģ
ڹ˾ΪʲôѶǾΪھڸӰͬʱͬʱ磬Ϊһж׼
ҪģҪ˲ţ
һ˾󣬱Ҫˣûһ˾ֻһģǰûУǸȻûС
ھԼҪĲѡ;ܣѡܣٹڹ˾ָ͸߳ȻⲢӰ쵽־˾ض󣬱ضҪ۰£
ܲ˵Ǯͺð¶ټھʮӽΣս˻һȥˣûһڵĹ򣬾͸˾˼ʮԱԼݡ
һݲǱˣǻĵ࣬˸ھˣټѶ˾ļ벻˳۵Ѷ˾
һһ̨ˣֽѫֹƺܶ˶û˵ȴִһţޱȵĴϷǻ԰ѫͯǳܸײӰ죬һֱȦչ 븸ײͬݶ򵼵Ĳѫԭ游Ƭѧǡ18ʱӰȦ㿪ʼʮ֮õǺģֱСTVBS-Gתܵʼർְ¡̨֪磺ӽ濥Сţˡ
ڼڲѫݴŶӣϵ볢Բɳ洴㡻һֱصԭڡְ¡֮󣬲ѫܵԼִһƷ顷֪˲ִǻ԰̨һż糱һִF4ޣҲΪ̨Ϸ޻˵гɹĵһͬ꣬ҲΪѫ2001ӽѵݵ١
Ȼ̨ˣΪĹϵһЩ̨Ҳ½Ϸ˵Сӣ磬ԲѫǩԼѶҲǿԵġ
˾ĵַѡϺʴСھܸ˵ǣޱԼ˵ǩԼ֮ĵڶ졢죬ӦǩԼԼĹ˾˾ΥԼԼûǮ֧˾͡
ھ˵Ͳ⣬ȻǺܸ˵شӦˡ
תۼ1998ƮȻ
ʱĽΣޣھĲȴһھѾ֪Լһĸĸ˭ˣũˣڼģԼ˵ؽ˹¶ԺŻھԼҲһЩп
1998Ĵںϲãⲿ֮磬Ҳڶ·ݵʱںӲˡ
գ̨ͻ21%ĴССҲ˲ʡʱƣ񡷵Ҳͻ56%Ҳ˵ȫнһ˶ⲿ硣йӰȦʷҲӵһĺóɼ
ⲿϷĳɹ ޱ硢󡢷ھ״죬ޱ˵ݵСӣ˵ǾԵɱеĹڣһʱ֮䣬ޱֵ˸ֽͷͷֹ˾ϣǩԼǺܿģЩֹ˾ͱط֣ޱѾǩԼһҽѶ¹˾ǶԸֻۣЩֹ˾̾Ϣϧˡ
ھҲòܣⲿϷ񿪲ͷ糱⡣
ʱ·߷Ϊ֣һھޱΪһ飬һԷ󡢳־Ϊһ飬Ӫֿ
1998312.ıڡ
ϣ
ھЩƣػص
һʱĺ˰ھ˶ΪԲϺķÿ춼绰ھ߿ࡣ
ޱޱ˰ɣ
ھޱ磬Ц
ɲ𣿡
ޱ˴Լı˵ˡҪȻȥϴ衭
ھǺһЦͷ˵Ҳð
˵ţޱļ򣬱ʾͷһھ¶˸֮ɫ
Լķϴ裬Ȼھš
ϽȥŴ򿪣ȴ֣ſھȻվһĳŮǱˣ硣
ʱ˿˯£֣òȻжױȴԵ崿ˣһ֮£жпѡ
ţ磬ôˣ
ھһ£ʵ
ҧҧ˵ҡܽȥ𣿡
Ȼԡ
ھϽˡ
ڣھһתͷʱסˡ
ֻȻԼ˯۽˿ʲôҲûվھǰ
磬ǡʲô
ھɴ۾һš
翴ھı飬дѵӣвһϲھ˼ϲ㡭˼ϲ㡭
˵һѱסھӣе˼Ҳ֪ô¶һԽãҵԽķŲ㡭᲻뿪㡭ϣõİҪ뿪ҡھŮˡҲá
ھס̸е޾Ļȣ֪ˣ硭ǱԼָӰˣ
硭㲻Ҫ
ھȻô˵Ĵȴ˲סԲ⣬ʼ
š
һ˵˼Ҳڡھ˼Ұɡ˼ҵǸɾġûбġ
һ仰ھھҪˣ


012 ˯СӺޱ
ھŴʱѵþ磬ޱȵļ粻ҲãƨҲãҲգķ޵ĳУ԰Ρ
ھ
һ˽ھĻ

ھޱȶ˵ţﻹ͵ס簴ڴϣʼһƬƬŪӡ

ǿһھĴСϣйɵؽиĤָĽ٣һذޱȶַޱʱãС
ھѹϣ촽˲ס罿۵̴ڣȻǸŮʱȫſأھ˳ӵؽԼھͷǣ˵ĦһھĴֲ࣬˱ǻе򣬼ֱǿޱȡ
šھ˼ҡ˼Һ
ֻھʵļϣһذţܿģھĿӣѾǹĹĵˡ
ھ·ˡռ˼Һ𡭡
ھĴִϣ
š
ھܾģϽѹԼ·¶˽ʵԼִߡ
翴ھ޴ߵ࣬룺찡ھǸȻô󡭡ҪǡšҪǸȥǸʲôζ
ھһЦڴϣֿĴȣѾΪղŵˮСѨЦһ֣Ƭϣô磬
ھ졭˼ܲˡҪ˼ҡ
ü壬
á
ھҲǰʹյСѨڣⶴϣһһڡ
š
һھļ֮󣬼ֱʱ̽߳ſеִδйĸо

ھҲû뵽ȻôգȻǸŮûԥǰ
ܿģھļ;һ㱡Ĥھʲô뵽ޱĴŮھֱ˷ܵҪˣ
磡ˣ
ھһһ˲СѨ١
۵ĻѾƬƬھļһ·ǰֱ壬˲䶥ĻĻϣھƺۣ¸Ͻգа
šھɡԶˡ
֮˵
ھٺһЦʼ
ʱ𱬰ھԼɣʮ죬ĶŮƹϵŮܿʹ࣬˷Ӧ֮Ҳ󣺡š
˽̼֮ھǣסӣһµǿײѨ
š̫ˡšҵšðھ̫ˡˡ
ҡڻζѾȫ԰״̬ھĽ²ϳС
˷ܵܲˣ֫ٺ԰ǿҿгţĴ⳹ױǲˮھĴײڣ󡢿Ʒ۱Ƴھļ̣̣ͣ
ĲѨ罺ĽϣʵĳŮ
ھޱŶĸʱȴǲ֪һٻӰߵڵſڣ͵͵￴
ޱڷΪеӡ
˵ʵޱʵϲھˣֻΪ֣վû˵
ǽޱȴҲ˯žΪھԽãھǱָ̬ͻ᲻ϸȾޱ
ָһĳߣͻǳ£ŹٵָھȲĲ֪ж٣˼ҾЩŮԸΪ
ǰ۴Ź˵һ¶һȥձݳᣬҹʱűÿԭһŮԡ
ǸҲʮǰʻȸŹټСͲܾ̾ձŮ껨ȴû뿪Źپʲô飿Ů˵ҪϴּһáŹٶڸһ򶼺Ҳûȥŷȥ
ãϴּ䷿Ŵ򿪣ձŮȻ߳ŹٵʱɵۡʲôŮ˵ԼżҪԼĵһθ
ŹٿЦãò׺ԼŮˣŮ·ϣŴߡǵڶ쿪һҵĹԹԣŮȻŹپƵſ˯һҹ
Źٲ֪ձŮһϰףԼϲż񡣶ľٶŹٺǿЦã廹˼¶ʵԺдŹٵĸռ档
һȷԿָߣŮ˲صʱޱˡ
ڣŮ̲סˣСҪˣվߵھſڡҪԼھڵòھԼ
ѽûءޱҪţȻסˡ
ΪﴫˡŮԼԵĴϢϤǱˣ磡
찡ѵѵ硭
ޱϽ￴Ȼھ壬ھѹһµسš
һʹߡʡŭŮСӣˣ
顱һޱƿţһѳ˽ȥ

ھ㵽ͷϣھ㡰ʽ˭֪ȴ˴ţһһϽֿһѳס
ھһɵͷϣȻ˽
漴һޱ˿˵ޱޱ㰡ôˣ
һʼǾȣǸӲޱ¶ǿҵķŭޱȫһ
ޱؽŹϣ˵ھ磬ڸʲô
ʲôйŮ·һ˵ɶ
ھû˵Ѿؽе
ҿôŵһɻҩζھ
飿ô죿ھ˵ҲƯ𣿡
ޱ˵
ҡ
ھ˿ޱֿ˿磬һʱ֮޻˵Ͼ˵磬Ҫ˰
УȡѵԺغţޱҪǼߡ룬ǿԼҪɡϣ͡ˣ
ޱھû˵ŭȻ֣·
ιιޱޱҪ
ھû
ޱܿѹˣڿ֮۶˵˲乴ھͻû˵
㡭㡭㡭
ھôҲ벻ףޱզ¶Ȼѹˡ
һޱȻѹˣһѽƿ˵ޱΪѰ˼Ҳᣡ
ޱһ˻Լأһ˵ϣסھ

ھܵޱ˵ĽۼԼĦھ˲䶯Ĳѡ
ھھΪʲôԸҪȴҪҡ˼ҲǸɾġҾԱá졭ҡ
ޱزĦھؿڣ۵ٶھƤϣ˶ˡ
ھġҪҪ󵽡㲻
罿һȻһ˵ھĿ£סǸС

ھһӲ̫ˬˡ
ޱʾҲԼ࣬ھϻ
ҿŮ˳˴ҩɡھﰡĵѵΪָҲ̫ţ˰ɣ
ĿڼڽȻզǻȵ촽ǿҴ̼ȴھˬòˡ
ޱͷھ壬ھͷϻھˬúܣֺܲޱĴƨϣһǷƨɡ
š
ޱһһŤԼӣԼ鷿ھĦţھĸޱŮҲǳ鶯
šޱޱҪ㡭
˵ţھƿޱȻһѷֿޱȣޱޱҪˡ𡭡
šھɡ˼Ҫҡ
ޱסھ
ھҪޱӣʱȴôԼƨɣſޱߣʼޱӡ
ھһĻһЦͲشޱ
š۰
ޱҲһ˲䱻ھȥ崿ĴŮ˲ٸ
šھ
ޱȻ֮ʹ·һֺǿҵʱȻû˿ĵִԼȼнھӣھļǿҳԼСѨ
ҵĺޱޱ
ھĴޱӣһµδλޱĻϣŪŮܿޱӴˮʪ
ھ벻ޱޱȻҲô˼Ұˡ
˵ţһ˵ھǰס촽
ھҲֵһһߺǣһ߼ҵײޱСѨ
ھļ͡ļ̫ˡ˼ˡ
ޱھ˶ʮӣޱй˳
ھޱй³Լļͣһѱס磬תĽƨɶ׼Լ
ھҪ˼Ұڳơ
ɬŤŷΣӼֱ̫ˡ
ھһЦеװ磬Ҫջ
˵ţھļͺܲشƨš
۰ھ
ƨۿɻǴŮأʱھֱؽ룬Ūʹúܡ
硭ҰˡƨҾҪɡ
ھЦ弤ҶԼľһ¶ƨ۶ ǿ˵ľջСѨײ̼Ů
ޱŽŹʽھһЦе磬Ҳ˼ҿĶۺˡ
ô磬治Ҹɵˬˬ
ˬúܡû뵽ƨ۶ҲôˬҪˡ
ʱҲǸо˱ջĿ֣ȫˡ

ھƨۼʮӣ˶壬һ𱬵۾ڡ

̱ڴϣƨɸ̣ʹ
ھ˼ҲҪ
ޱһѱסھҪ󻶡
ھٺһЦһѽޱѹ¡
˹غţôʲôϺƳ69ʽ˫ɣϷȵȣһһڡСӡ͡ޱϡ


013 ǰ̨壬ɻϵҸ

Ϻ
ʱھɭϵİ칫ڣһʮĹԱһЩл1۾˻㱨˭½˶֪Ͻ
ǣ޵ĽΣʮأ»һƬңÿ춼¥ɱ˹ЩУܰԵ
ϽһЦ˵ʱ壬õʱãʱǰ׵Ѫܵģ˹ǰǣ۱Ҫȶǵˣûɲǣ
׵ǡ
˵˵ͷ漴˵һ顭
ʲô
νΣЩѪ࣬ǵ˻鵽Ǵ½ƺһνΣлǳ

ϽȤǴ½ڽΣл⵹¶˭
Ǿϸ飬ӦþߺǸԱھڿһֹ˾Ѷ
ھǲǸݻˣ
Ҳ֪
ǺǣŮǲϷ绰ʱ
ϽǺһЦ˵ֻǸԱɣôڽΣ
ѼϣھǰǸ⵰ӹ¶֪ôģȻˡϣԿ
˵ţ˴ӹİȡһļݸϽ
Ͻùϸһ飬¶Щ֮ɫ벻˾Ȼܶʱֵز˼ǧڣ
ǰǣڰսΣȳŶӻڼݣʲÿ춼ڱµʱ̶󡭡ڿѾ׸ˣ
ǮĶ
СʵļǧĿӴڴ½ĽУǴʵĿʿУ
˵ϽԸĴ𰸡
СӹʿоͲ±ɶĲƸˣֱȴ߻ȫ
ϽĻΪȻĵ˵ͷϾҪûдʿУǴ½κһУôԺҽһٽвƸǸʱ˭ǲ׸ʿţУǾ˭ҲܶˣҵҲУ
ô죿
š˹۲ȽΣ֮Զٷġ
ϽһЦһ˵
֪ˡ
˲ЩĽھϽԷǿҰ
ʱھ֪ԼѾҸעˣޱͷŮ׳ΪھŮˣеޱȵĿģ޸ޱߣ˵ľ
ʱ޵ĽΣȻʢУھʲѾǧ˰ڣ˵ǾԵ׸
ھȴͬʱ飬һǲ籭׬Ǯ飬Ǿ1998籭
ڶھǰѶqqŪ˳δ硢qqжţھǾԼĹ˾עqqĿѾȻ񲢲ռδһĿ
Լܹ֪籭ĽֻҪݵĺãмǧˣ
̨ߣټ硢ͳ־̨ԱԻս˴½֮⣬̨֮أϵ֮ʮΪ̨ͣȴǲܲȥġ
Խھ󡢳־󡢷ޱһǰ̨
޴Ĳ747ϡ
ʱھ˶ǸմϺ˷ɻǰ̨壬˵ʵޱͷǵһȥ̨壬ΪЩš
ھ
ޱھ˵̨岻Σհɣ˵ڵܲⱵİ
Ҳ˵ǰ˵񵳷ɶ̨壬ɫֲ
ھһЦ˵Ķ̨ܰڵȻأߣĪ˵Ǻڵ̨ͳû˺ǡڹ񵳷ɣǸ޻̸֮ڵ̨翪ţɫֲǺöǰ¶ˣû¶ġ
һҲ˵ǰޱޱ̨ô꣬Ҳûʲôɫֲû¶ģ
ھһЦᱧס磬һ£˵ҵ˵Ǻǡ
ھܷɻͷȲնˣԼ˶Ҳ±˿
ѽ
һ죬ھڷɻء
ɶ̨廹Сʱҵ棬ûܽ硭
˵ţھٺһЦһѽѹϣʼ·
šھ
벻ھȻôҪڷɻϸ㡣
ޱҲκ죬ȴûֹ
ھȹ⿪ڿ㣬ϸͬʱĺ촽
š
ɻϷ˵ھֿڲõ¿ʼˡ
ɻϸޱ񣬻ʧھٺһЦѸ¿ӣ۾һ塣

ʱˬױȣסھ壬˾ɻҸ
šھ˼ҲҪ
ھҲ˼Ұɡ
ޱͷܲˣ׷װѿӺȹӸˣڳڿ㣬һھϡ
ھЦѹ£ɫƿͷסӣһµسײѾǴŮھôһ㣬̾ʹˮܲнھļͣھϳ۳ҡ
ھ
ھ̧Ĵȣƨɣеô磬Ҹɵˬǲˬ
ˬ̫ˬˡ̫ˡ
ھ£ھĴһµس̼ɫŮڵأˬޱȡ
ھʮӣ类ɵʱھޱȻϵ·߷չ
ھĴ󷢣һϣѷЦ㡭ϣҡ
á
ԼĴƨһѿھϣͣԼСѨ
ȥ
ŤŤԼŴƨɣھļͳԼˬھޱȣһѱסŴӣףִǰס˷ƨɣȥ
ÿŮ˵˴϶һļͱھļ͸ԲһƨŤţˮѷɻĵӶŪʪˣһԺȥһŮ齻ϣɪ
ˡ
ھϮ˶ʮӣ˳

һ̱ڵϡ
ھĴ󼦰ȴûȥվޱ˳ӵ˵ĻЦھļ͡Ͳ
ھһЦޱǽϣ̧ĴȣڼϣͶ׼ɧƣһͱ
ˬ
ޱסھӣ۴С
ھְޱӣƨһµײûɼ¾ޱŮ鶯ھչͿײһµվŲٸޱҪɫŮĥˡ
ѽ
ޱƨŤŤȥˮھĴȶʪˣھЦЦҶҪŮ÷죬ڼ鵱гٲϡ
⼸ǧ׸ߵյķɻϣڷɵ̨СʱСӡޱͽŮȥޱŮӸ㣬ԼϣֻޱͷվסӣӺظ㣬СʱޱȣŮŪϣھ£ޱ޸


014 ̨ҹ
ʱ̨Ѿ㼯˴Լǧˣ˼֮⣬Ķǻķ˿еСӵķ˿ӭԼżģ
ʱеľšޱޱҰ㡱еľš磬֧㡱ȵȵӵķ˿ŶԼż
̨֪˽дǰԤʩеİԱȫֹͣݼ٣︺ֳάֹǽİԱҪȫάסǧ˵Ķ飬ºѣ̨ķ˿ǶȽǣʱûзģɧһھ֮ǿɾ˵ˡ
ʱ̨һİԱںһʸϵİԱ̸
壬ЩżǴ󰡣벻ôҪҲͺˡ
˵
ɲС
˵ЩǣǾǷޣһϷ׬ǮҪǸһӻ࣬˱ˣˣ
ĸ½Ҫ½𣿡
Ͳ֪˰ɣľȲĻݣޱǣСӵĳ־أ
ԭǰҿϲˣŮҲϲҪһõǩͺˣ
㰡ͱˣƣЩӰԶҪǩģôֵõ㰡Ǻúɣ
ǺǣҾ˵˵˵˵
ܿģɻڽ̨ɻܵϡ
ɻϵھޱѾˡɻ𡱸Դ·
ɻ֮ھޱ硢ͳ־Լǵľһ˷ɻ
߽ļ߾ͽھΧסžǺķ˿Χ
ޱޱСӣСӣǰˣǰ㣡
磬磡ޱҵˣ
־ϲǳĸˣ̫ϲأ
ھҰ㣡㣡
˿ޱȣȻаԱȻƺƴ󣬰Աסܿͳ˹ѼǶȥˡ
ھ˵ʱķ˿Χסˣ¼˿ɶһͷ󣬻бţȻĻ͸ˡ
ھҲмʶˣȻ֪ӦԡھϽ˵λӰԣ侲һ¡
⻰ڳ˶õ
Ӱһ£ʱֹͣɧ
ھ˵λӰԣǺܸмҶǵ֧֣ϣά򣬲Ҹóһ·ΪӰǣԴҵİΣصģϣľǳֲ̤¼ϣǣҪ⣡
Ӱ仰ǴΪж
ھ˵úã
ھùǰ
Ҫά򣬲ֲ̤ܳ
ھȰ˵£ӰǺòײóһ·ھ뿪ˡ
̨Թ緹֮ھһڵ̨֮ͨ󣬾̨ϣپƵ
̨ܼҪڣھÿҪͨ棬ʣµʱԼģھҲ̨ú
̨ʱľѾʮַˣھʱѾˣ̨ҹɫʮģھ˵ױ֤ûϵǫ́ҹедš
̨壬ϲͲܲ˵ҹĻ̨ҹ˵ǾԵֽ֮أиָŮƣھʶһǾԲеģ
ܿģ̨ҹһ֣ھ߽һСҹܻ
ҹܻǰھǾûȥһȴǵһֵ߽ط
½ҹܻ᲻ӲǶû˵˿̨ĲǴʱĴ½ֻǸո𲻾ãҹܻУǸ̨ĿɲԶˡ
̨ҹܻϵȵģڻ谵ĵƹ£ű¶ŮŮظ裬֣Į̇װΣԼ˵ŮͼѪڡ̨ϣű¶Ů·еǱصӣеĴɦŪˣŸѪĶοð
ھһ̨ǰǰʵҪȾ𣿡
һʿɣ
ھ΢Ц
OKԵȡ
Ӧһתȥ׼
һƶˣھͳһųƱݸСѣȻԼʼ
ھȻױ˾ܿھþԲĿУҹֳܻϣŮڨľĿꡣ
ܿģԸеŮɾߵھߣھߣЦ˧磬˼ûɣ
ھԸĵŮɣֻǶ˵װĴڵ֣޳ԸеĴȰУԵջ󣬺ٺһЦӻͳųƱݸ˵ԣҺһҲǵģ
Ůۼھһ־͸Ǯʱ۾֪Ǯˣ²ؽӹǮȻԼӽھϣһ˵˧磬ô󷽰˼Ҿϲˡ
һָɴֱ쵽ھĿ£ţ˧磬飬˼Һøжᣬĺ̫ˡ
ھܵ⣬ЦָڶŮϿʼ


015 ȴСS
Ůھֵĸ£̽ھŮˣҹӣȻûȤˣǡٺ٣»ǿԵġ
˵ЩҹŮ˵ĻǲزƨԲޱȡ
ʱھȻ˴߹ӣƯŮӣƯŮòʮƣһ֮¾һĽûǶԽûھȴ˲ϳˣⲻǴSºСA
ԽûȻ̨ҹܻᣬ¶ھϽƲߵӣ˹ȥ
СSЩνҹŮƨ
º深дҹܻһİſڡ
һض½˵úðҵĿˣҪڸң㿴ôʰǣ
ºӲһ£°õ˵İɣǡǻġ
˵⻰ʱº淵ɫޱȵġ
º淼ȦҲкüˣǱǴŮΪԸȦǱһֱ첻ϡڣ괦Сɫ淽ڻЭˣʱҪ̨һλ߹١
淴ʱѹ޾ıԼúԼҪһŪֱĪ衭ǡû취ΪһжΡ
淺Žȥһ۱ڿ俴Լõĸ׻󣬶΢ͺһ˫ɫ͸ľƬһĹâ
ЦеؿһǰĽûԽеˣº淶һ޳ĺģѩźۣԲ޳ȣϸ⻬СȣԼഺˡ۷㡢ʵһ˫壬ϸỬıǣ
ǰȵʱ䳤˵㣬еԼ˰ɣλ˿ֵ̱ûκεʿȣûĹ˷ţϱֳһ̬վֱǰסº淣λС㣬ȥ̸ɡ
˵ֱӰС׷湩ǲңĴ󴲿רΪһЩṩġ
ڽݵº淾͵ʱ򣬺Ȼű߿ˣһ˴˽ھ
淺¶һŭе˭ģȥ
ȥϼһ
ھһǰǸһȭʱǸ˹ȥ
ھһȭˣȻº淾ߡ
ߵſڣղΧеιʲô
û˵꣬ھһȭһȫſ£Ȼº淾ߡ
º添֪ʲô¶´еҪȥĶ
Ҳеǰſǣ
ھŲǣŮҹܻᣬһû֮أǣ˵ǸͷӣҲ룡
淺һͷˮ淽еʲô㵽˭˭ʲô¶
˵º淸о֪ΪʲôҽÿˣоŵĲˡ
ھһЦ˵ʵǣھ
ھ
ŮһھԽԼװŪȥº淵ʱϳȲĻĶھ
ھ
ҽýе
ھ˵ͷסŮ֣˵¡淣Ҫ죬ҪȥʲôͷӣҸطģа취Ǳڣ
á
ºԥһ£ǴӦˣҲ֪ô¶ԼȻ͸ˡ
ҹܻڣھε˹մŭ
λ̨ͳǻԵһҪ£ϣ˵ˮƽϲŮǣεҽˣǽȴ֪˭谭Σеޱȵķŭ

̣˵ͽȻҴӣӾԲŹҽҵģ¶û꣡ӲСɱˣǧУӵͷ֮ޣ
侲侲
вϵظǸұʾһ취ҽøŪҾ˭ִġ
΢һֻҪŪҽõ֣ټϱǸ˵ʲôܺã
ϧδˣ
ʱų⳵Ƶ·ϵھõı棬˵Ǹ컹Ҫҽû⣬һҪԼ˭
ھ֪֮Цһ˵ֹԱǾͱƲôôһΪʺ㿴Ű찡
ˣ֪ģһõģ֤һ;군
ǾͺˣҺڴı֣
ھЦ


016 СSĳ
ھº淴ԼľƵ귿䡣
º淽˷䣬Ϊڣڵǣжھһĸоʱʵھ㵽״ʲô
ġ
ھһЦ§סŮӣ˵ǩԼǣǩԼÿ̨ңô
ʲô
º淽óһ̨Ұ⡭ǾһҲôǮ
ھǿֹ˾ģ
淾ȵؽеŮ֪Ϊʲôھ§ǣûʲôӦ
ھٺһЦ˵ǵȻѶֹ˾ϰ壬ֻҪǩԼ֮ҿԱ֤ԭ˾ΥԼ˾ȫȨ̨֧ҵǩԼ𣬲ҹ˾֤ϱУҾԲǽȥκεˣ㿴ô
ôã
ҽ۾ֱϲ¡
ԸǩԼ
Ƚе
ҲԸ⡭ҾǸֵˣԸɣ
Ҳе
ھЦǸϽóͬģҽǩԼ
ҽǩԼ֮ھЦԺҵĹ˾ͽдS淾ͽСS֪𣿡
ţ֪ԺͽдS
סԺСS
СS˵
ھһЦĽû˵ˣ˵˵ǵɡ
˵ţһѽSСS§뻳УҪˣ𣿡
š
SСSһͨ졣
𡭡ھš
SСSھ£ȴûʹھ֪Ϸ
š
ھһѽSСSѹڴϣŴSĺ촽ȥ
š
Sһھסˣ΢£ͳ׵ĳھ֮£ûˣָٶȱ
ھָʱ̫ˣSСSȫȾˣСSԼĽ㱻ھǣȻΪУȴ޷κεķʶ
ھһȥS·ϵ·SϾʣ¿˵ѩʽ
Ǻǡ
ھһЦ˵ŮȻáҲ֪ô
ھ˵ţһѹСS

СSһSھôôҲš
šھûô˼ҵĿӡ
СS
ھѾܲذСSҲѵþʣʽˣòޱȵĽûȫչھǰھ˲ǡ
ھѹԼ·¶ǿķСSûھǴִķʱĿɿڴ
ھЦСSûѹϣڿֵķɵһߣھȷֿ˴SĴȣһѴ˽ȥ

SʱеһۣĵһΣˡ
£㻹ǵһΰ
ھµƬƬǿģһµĶ
šھļ͡ôִ󡭡
SھĳŪ𣬴ŮŮȻһʼۣǺܿܵ԰޾֡
ھǰûȻܹѴS־ɫŮ˯ˣֱ޸ھSĴŪһMͣһµسSڡ

ھЦҵĺ£治ϲϲ
Һϲϲˡ̫ˬˡҿˡ
SķƨŤţھǿҳζ죬ھĳ壬Ů֮ҲԽԽڵҲս̼ھǻڵء
SھĽ½л˳СSðϺһƬ̲סԼӽڴSߣָ塣飬ƨɣ⻹һνӴԼ׵Ķ壬ԼĽ㻹ڱŪ

Sھǣϵˮ˫ɴսйϡ
ھڴS﷢йʮӣֽСSѹ£ǿҽСS壬СSһУҲƬƬ
ھЦˬֱ̫ˬˣ벻СSþȻܹҵĿ´ɣô淣˵ǲǿˡ
ھ˼ۡǣҡǡǿˡ˼̫ˬˡ
СSŤԼƨɣȻΪŮеȴѾʼӭոԼĽź
ھƨǿʶСSײͷСSһ£žžžžžžؼײһƬ
ھĴϹֱ̫ǿˣСSļҵػӦУھظ壬ŪСSޱߡ
ھ̫ˡҶˬˡúá̫ˡļ̫͡ˡ
СSԺҵŮˣòãһҲ١
áá

СSھϣھڶŮ϶ţǳޱȣ
ھǽһİⴲϴչһһŪŮûºŮھһʼãȻΪۣǺܿ͸оĸоھŮ˺ᣬټַأ֣ɫŮŪǷ
ھǰ棬ָ˴СSĺ棬ҲǾջСSڸҲİҲܺ£ھǿĴĲٸ£ܿͳУ԰Σǻޱȡ
ھڴߣӰȡһ̣ģδḷ́ζãҶûκκ
ȼ̣ԼߣԼڵĻĴСSãٿϵƬƬ죬ھ⡣
ھ
СS˵ĻSḧھţھպ˼Ҷ뿪㡭ɲǡ֪𣿡
СSҲ˵ǰھ֪ΪʲôҺ˯֮󣬷Ҹû뿪㡭㲻Ҫ뿪˼Һòã˼ҲκˣԺ롭Ǹ
ھһЦ˵ǽöԸԺһ˵Ůˣ
š˼ԺҪǽõˡ
SЦ
СSЦšԺˣǶˣҵˡҰ㡭
Ҳǣ
ھǺһЦһֵֻ̣һֻŴSСS顢Լ˵ķۺش
ȵһ֧̳꣬ھѾѶŮǽҲٴαǣһѹŮЦ£淣һҪ
ھô
ھû
еʱޣս򡭡


017 ϯĵ绰
̨̨һͨ񣬽23꣬ոմӶۻʱڼûɶɡ
һһ磬𴲣򿪵ӣۿš
˭֪ӲŸһ򿪣ʱɵ۶
ֻȻûвƽϤţǡһʮͷͿ಻ʮСڷⲫս
Ǹ˰СðڴϣСòͣشޣ˿ΪظɣһƤ޳飬
ҿļƬɣ
һϸһⲻǻǸĴôڸļƬˣ
ʧʧϽ¿ӣߣܣ
̨һƬңеĹ𴲣򿪵ӵʱ򶼿һĻҶ۷׷ףզ¶
ǲôϻᲥ˼СŮ
찡СŮôСôµ֣
ҿ̫̬ˡ
̨զ¶
ϰ۷׷ף̨Ǳ߸һңϲ֪զ¶̨е̨һصĵ粨ˣеĻеȫʧأ˲ƬӣһֱʮӲŽԱȻޣȴȻʮӲŻָʱ䣬̨֮һ˿Ƶ
̨嵱ֵʱܵ˼سǷ׷׺ŰСŮ޲ĶӦϳͲ
ֹͷ̨ȻҪ¶αƵһ棬һǻһڱʾһϲ¡
Ȼܱı̨ᳵ˧ˣʱ˱ʹԼҽõ飬ΪǿŮѾϣ˵ģλǾԱסˡ
˵ھҽ֮Ҳ֪Ǳߵ飬Щȴһ顣
ǾԼĹ˾Ѱɽ
μ֮뷨ȷʵܿģͬģԼǮܶ࣬ûıĻԼ»ܴܵƣ
ΣԼԼȷʵǺܱģԣѰϵĿɽбҪ
УԼĹ˾ѶȻʽۺ񣬵Ϊո𲽣ԣҪѸʵͱҪ˰У
ԼΪйˣӦѰĿɽй½
Ҫδй½ھ¶һ˿΢Ц
ʱѾҪȻش½йߣ
Ϻ
Ͻİ칫ҡ
Ͻʱڰ칫ĵ绰Ȼ
Ͻֽ绰˵ι˭
ϯð
绰ͷһİ
ţ
ϽһûȻİ˿԰ѵ绰Ϻô¶
Ҫ֪Ϻϯĵ绰һ˾֪룬ҲԲܴǰ绰ȻܴܲϽеԾ
λ
ϽȻгԾɫȻ䣬˵
ǺǣϯƺһҲԾܰѵ绰İ칫ң
˺ǺЦ
ȻԾҸ˵ʲôֻǴĵĶ绰ɣ
ϽһЦ˵
ðɣϯҵֽھ
ھһЦ˵

Ͻһ£ھʲô飿
ھһЦ˵ʵҲûɶ棬֪ûȤ
棿
Ͻ΢ЦΪҵ쵼ߣûκ顣ôһɣΪʲôҪ棿
ʵܼ򵥣ڿȥ2002ŷĴһļΪ쵼ˣļ֮󣬻ԸҼģ
ھЦ
ţҵȤ
ϽЦ
Ǻðɣȹˡ
ھ˵ţҶ˵绰
ϽھҶ˵绰Ĭһ£˰ϵһťʱ˽ˡ
ȥ2002ŷĶù
Ͻֱ
СʱԺ󣬱ͱùˡ
ϽЩԽԽľ
ԭЩϼձͶ˹Щʱ꼴Ҫĸ»еԼЩԵһЩԻǹδֵļƻ飬ЩϽ٣
ô£ھʲôˣôܵ飬ô֪ģ
ʲô˼˾ʲô
Ͻ䣬Ȼ۾һϴѰ
Ȼϴҵһ۵ֽ˿棬дһ仰1002ŷϽɫǰδеأȻ˵ȥ1002ŷλھ


018 ʵ
ʮԺھϺİ칫ңϽˡ
Ƕȥ
Ͻ˻֣ЩԱԥһ£˳ȥ

Ͻ΢Ц

ھλйĵһȨˣҲԱߵɳϡ
˲ϲӣһĿİɣ
Ͻ΢Ц˵
ϯ۹⣡
ھ˵̸һ⣡
⣿ȤȤ˵
Ͻ΢Ц
ھ˵ϯΪһйˣȻӦøҿ¡˵ҿ԰ȡձȵйҵĻ鱨ǵ̸ǵĿƼԼδսԵĲЩ͵˽ܣô
ţⱾ£
Ͻüͷ˵
Ȼ
ھ΢ЦղЩˣΪйˣȻҪҵģӦպЩνľ´йоҲûκܿԣ
ϽȻĶھ˵ģôھйպǼΪЩҸвйˣ
ҲԦ˲С
ҪԦһˣͱͶãǺǣҴô꣬ûа׳Ե֪ͣҪǻرʲô
ϽԼ۾һЦ˵
ھ΢Ц˵ҪǮλŮܽҪģҪٻ󣡡
Ͻл˺ܶ࣡
ھȻҪĶϽɾͷĵĶࡣʷϣеĵȨߣֻᵣĳӲҪᵣĳҪΪʲôɱһҪԭʲôҲҪθڲģ
һһ˰ãǾͿͶãԦ
һǷǳĺã
Ͻ΢ЦҿԸҪһУǿԳΪܺõѡ
Ͻھ̸ʲôûֻ֪ھ뿪֮Ͻĸ߼Ա˸֪ͨպھǹĿˣҲǹҵĺѡ
ϯһ仰˭ҲھԴ֮󣬾ȻȻسΪйϲ
199842ա
ԴھΪ˹ҵ֮ڹҵİ£Ѷڶ̶һʵʱĸ߾˲ŽѶѶһ˲ȫˡ
Ҫ֪ǰѶھ˼ǧڵʽ𣬵˵ףûǾɶҲᣬ˾ҵ֮ϱʵվС
ھΪҵѣ˾ʱʵʱѾȫڴ½ˡ
칫ڡ
ھڸһʮ˵
˽ھļְҵ˾ھ֪Լ˾ˮƽôԹְҵ˾⡣
պܲþΪܾҪúΪ¶𣿡
ھ緢˵
ףܣ
Ͻ˵
šѶҪǾӪӰӣбҪĳõĵӾ͵Ӱ죬ǹ˾Ҫĵڶ
ھ˵
ǡİȨںϵ̨
˵
ʲôѵģ
ھ˵ȥֳ绰ȥϵ̨绰ǸҲ
ھЦ
Ҫ֪ڴ½̨ܶ࣬ʵĻĶֻһֺӣ
ڴ½ţƵĵ̨ǣֻҪ˹ܾ֣Բʲôùӳԣ˼һ仰ͱɱˣʱ֪ô
ӱ𿴺ţƣʵǹҵĹߣ̨ǹҵˣֻҪִܾ绰ȥ¶Ժܺý
ˣ
˵ͷ֪ô졣
ˣѾӦˣϷϷͱУҰֽȥ
ھ΢ЦȥźʵˣȥѧУ飬պÿѧϣ͵֪𣿡
ҶһõģҲѾѡˣ
ͷ
⣬ȦǰѶӦĵж٣
ھʵҸǼݶǩԼǹ˾𣿡
ȻǩԼˣ
˵ǷСգı¿裬ƽУżУٺ͸ϣϣѾӦǩԼǹ˾
ţǾͺá
ھЦʾǳĿġ
ˣİȨŪ֮󣬾ͰһѡĿҪЩεŮӦɫ֪ҪΪ˻ⲿϷŬ
ھԸ
ˣϰ塭
￴ϰΪ˯Ůſʼʲôѡ㣬ȻԻ˵ʲôΪ˻ŬŬƨ
Ķܿ죬ûͰϷϷͱУźˣ⣬İȨûѶˡ
1ڼ𱬣2ѡ㹤Ҳʽʼˣ


019 С
2ļԱϢܿй̨塢۵ȵطѸٴˣһʱ֮䣬лΪ֮𶯰
ʱϵѾõЧĻ⣬̨ԱҲսĴ½гжţ˭֪ЩǴ½ۻ̨Ůĸⳡлһϯ֮أĸݻڶޱϣһʱ֮䣬½̨۵ĻεŮ׷׸½ϺҪ⻹ϷϣԼһϯ֮ء

һͨ˼ҡ
ʱŮ˿űֽ˵ĻҪѡǣʱ۾һԼϹ˵Ϲ㿴˵ģѡǣ˵ҪҪҲǼСȥѡһ°
Ϲһ£߹ֽ˿˵ðɣСݽʮһ꣬ӦѧϰΪ
ѧϰʲô
ŮЩ˵ǺѧϰɼҲãҲҲùǼСȻСǳôɰҵ껹ǳ۵ĵӰ¶ô˵Ҳͯˣ㿴Ǹޱڶ𰡣
Ҫ֪ȦǱʵڵʱѾڣǴ½ͨոͲ֪ǵģʥģֱģֱ03λŮʿعԼǱ˯ʽô½սܡ
ԣʱЩҳΪȦǺܸ߹󴿽ĵطŮͽȥ
ʱ˵ŮСݣһúܿɰСŮ˹
Сݡ
ŮŮ˵㣬벻ǰ벻ͻСһ
Сӣ
С۾һŽеԸԸ⣡ҪܺСһڰɾˣҾˣ
ã
ŮЦǴȥϺӦɫ
СݵĸۼԼźŮô˵ȻҲ޻˵
Ϻĳڡ
С·С·
һʮŮ߽ڡ
һͲŮŮһɳ˵ɫղŽǸŮȴһ֮Ů˵ǾɫŮ
ʲô¶
ǸС·һ£ʵ
𣿱ֽ˵ļµԱϺǿȥԿ
ǺЦ˷ܣǶȥŴϷҵѧȦһӣҲ˼Сɫʱϣߺ졣
ʲô飿
ǸС·۾Ҳһùֽ˿˵⵹ǸĻᡭǣ𣿡
ѽȥԾˣҲûɶϷԽӣǳҲޱҪǱѡˣǸжã

šǺðɣǾȥ԰ɡ
С·ҲûɶԵȥμѡ㡣
ϺѶ˾ܲ
ʱ߽ھİ칫ҡ
һ칫ңüͷԭھɳϣޱ硢SСSŮھͷĴϣSСSΪھѣޱڸھȣھ磬ͬʱھĴܲصڼŮϴͣ˵Ǽ
ǽһĽϰôɫŮɲ˭˯ģ
ھ΢΢۾һ˵ʲô¶𣿡
һϽ˵ϰ壬ģΣǻʽѾߴǧ𣬻УҪѾó˶ڣʼͶڽ籭ˡ
šɵĲסǽΣĵڶ׶Σµʱǵ׶ΣǸʱҲʱˣôǺġ
ھһЦˣԼǺĵģԾ
ףϰ塭籭Ͷʣɿ𣿡
˿ĭ˵ⲻܹûǿ𰡣
ô
ھһϣֻհǣ
áˣϰ壬ǹ˾ҲǩԼһЩȽϴƵˣҪҪȿǵ
˵
Ҳ޷
ھ˵
Ͻùȥھùһ£ֻдŵԱһЩܳھЩԱûɶȤ
ŮԱĻھȿһϤ֣

ھû뵽˾ȻܰôŮԱǩԼ˵ǰѹҲǩԼˣĹ˾𣿡
˵ǵģԺ󣬾ͺĹ˾Լˣıİ£ټϸźԹ׾ǩԼǵĹ˾
ŮҺܸȤϺ𣿡
ھ΢΢һЦ˵
ȻڣǸϰ壬㲻˼ɣ
üͷ˵ǹʾǰ
ȥĹʾǣ
ھһĹʾǣڵƨ
Цһ˵ɣҺ͹˸Ǽòã
֪ˣ
ӦһϽ˳ȥ
˳ȥ֮󣬷ŮЦЦޱ˵ھҪǸ
кβɰ
ھЦһ˵ӶԸҪҵŮӣȵǼ
Ůʱʮָˣߴߴھ˵
ʱھһʱĥϣԼָԿƣ˵ָսָʱŻ֣ѾָȾˣȴʲôı䡣
ڹھЦŮǰŲ٣Լ㣬ʵڶԲԼ
ȦǣԼ̫Сˣ


020 Ů
ʱ˵ǹľˡ
Ȧ˵ŷǳıϵڰʮȺˡն߸߹ҡմ˾͡𼧡ȣڹ϶ȡ˾ԷǳӰ졣
񣬹˵ҵ˫գɷҲƽϷպúݵԼˣԼģʱıǰȰ˵Ѷ֡
ıȻѾ͹֣ǹؾ֮ıӵǺıӵģټı߹Ѷйҵıںʱ򣬹ǣѶ֡
ʵڵĹֹ˾ʲô˾Ǵǰ˯ԼûʱŻɵ飬ѹͲõġ
ʱʮĹϺԼıϢʮŮһʱԸ˯£ڿӣһԱ޴ڱ¶˯µ֣ʮˣŮ֮ǰǺպ
˯Ƕȹӵģʱ޳ԲŮȱ¶ڿУΪ￪ſյԹ˿ú䣬ԲŮƨڿ֣˵Ը
ʱ򣬹Ůϼ˽Թ˵ģи֣ҪȥμӰ
ţ
һ£Ůǣμӷ׬ûģⶼҪͬУǾ˾Ȼ˵ҪȥμӣùеЩĪˡ
ΪʲôһҪȥ
ɻʵ
ϼ˵ģղıݴ绰˵Ѷ˾ԺԸȥģ
һѶ˾ϰ壬üͷʵвûаѶ̫أıȻ˵ѶйҵıǹȦô꣬Ҳʶ˲ٸ߹٣вȨѬ֮ˣΪʱǩԼѶǿıӺѶķϣʱѶ˾ϰҪԼԼԷԼȥǲȥ
һ֮󣬹Ǿȥμ֣ϾԼҲ˼ҵˣȥμʵ˵ȥ
ðɣ㣬ҽȥˣ
Ҳû¶ϣμӵĶˣҲıַϾڵѾǹʾˣЩٵȨҲΪԼ
ҹѡһױȽԸеķװԼһԴ󲨵չֵ쾡£ȥˡ
ᰲϺϣپƵ꣬ǴǣľƵר˽ͨ
ʱһԸзװĹܿľ˵ͬ£ͳԷǸ䡣
֮󣬷ְԼı¿裬ˣһǹ˾ܾһȴһˣе죬ϸһϳˣߺǸӾ硶Ǹھģ
֣СԱô
ֹҪ֪ھȻߺ죬ǸȣǿɾǲúԶ
һıվЦҸһ£λǹ˾ܲãھܣλǹʾǣС㣡
ţ
һû뵽ھȻѶ˾ϰ壡
ϾǼ˵ˣ˲΢Ц˹ھߣ˵ãǹܸܼѶ
ھɫеؿһ۹ǰڰڵĺ飬ǺһЦǰ֪ǴŮʱһȻ鴫
ھվֺ֣˵ãС㣬Һܸʶ㣡ھ
ǺǣܿˣԺҪܶչ˲ǰ
Ц
¿Ц˺ˣԼˣ££
ЦС㣬һɣ
ԥһ£˵ͷ
֮ھƣݸЦС㣬ǵһƣҿӰ԰һǿһҪȵġ
һЦƱھȻ˵̫ˣɱȸΪ
˵ţƱһ
þ
ھ̾˵СȦĺһȻ鴫
˴Цı˵ҲʶˣܼܵĹ˾Ǿĺ¶֪ܿǹҽϯѰ
ʲô
һ𣬡ܻͽϯ
ǰ
ھǺһЦ˵ͽϯǱ飬ǺҲѣҵĹ˾ǿǾԲ¹гġ
⻰ھ˵ģԼĵӰֻҪû̫¶ǵĴϷͷƬΣǴ½һֱֹĶƬھҲþ籾ͨ
Щţı
ıӿ֪ھǹҵĺˣһԼ˵ܿû˵ǹҵ³裬ȦȨˣҲΪδĳԶǰ
ıӾȻ˵ֻʱУھˣ


021 ҪԼɷ
ƹѲ˹ζھԼĶͷ˵ѽͷеΰʺ˭˭һطȥϢһ°
ı˶֪ھʲôıϽ˵ɣܻطȥɣ

üͷʾǸ飬ȷʵЩܽܡ
¿һϽ˵ܱϾУһӰԣҲûɶҪôӰɣ˵ˣҪ˿Ǵ˷һнݣŤ
ôһǣʮŮ˸ѵͲŤ
û취¿ıλѾˣܲǵӡ
£޷ֻ÷ھ˵ܣҴط
š
ھΪˣһ֣һѵ˹ľϡ
š
üͷǷھȥ
ϼҪȥȴıסʹ˸ɫϼҲȦˣȻè壬²Ҹȥˡ
ھھķ䣬ȥ֮󣬹±͵ģŹϣȻھϣһ뻹ھȻԼһŮӻ
վһЩԺھ˵ˣܣúϢɡȳȥˡ
˵ţתߡ
ȻŵھһסһȻԼĻ

û뵽ھȻôԼܣʲôſң
ھڻЦһ˵װŮˣû֮ǰǿ˯ôˣ˾ˣ
࣬дŭе˵˵Ҳ˳ģ˵ſҡſҡ
ھȻķſ
Ͻվ˵ͷе㡭Ҫˣ
ھЦһ˵˵ڼ¼һ̣ʲôƺģûɣ
ǡô
ŭ
ھ˵ɷ𣿶𣿡
ȻϹҿɺˣ
е
𣿡
ھߵԱߵĹǰ򿪳룬ȡ̹Ź˻ΣȤ
˵ţھ򿪵ӣһ̡
ʱ¶˾֮ɫԭȻŵԼǰıӵĴϷϵԼıӼսĹɫף
㡭㡭ôЩ
ȫסˣҪ֪Щ¼й¶ȥԼɾȫˣ
ھǺһЦְѵڶŹ̷˽ȥֵȴһŮⲫս
һ£ϸһʱɫףȻԼɷƺ۵һСǵļսǸСǹ֪ǽųģһĵƵ
ô
ӷһš
ɷɲǶʲô飬Ҳ̰ͼɫѣڶԣô
ھЦ
㡭ô
ɫ侲˵
ھٺһЦ˹ߣ˵Ҫ¼ع⣬˵ô
㡭вң
ŭô
ھٺһЦ§סҪȴҲûгɹ
֪ĵϸıҲںҪҵˣǸϹ飡㿴ô
ھЦ
ʲôԲУ
ܾ̾
Ѿˣ
ھ˵ܾĻ¼һع⣬Ӧңұֻ֤عɷ¼Խ飬֪𣿡
㡭㡭㡭
û
ھһЦ˵밡ϹҪ죬ΪţҸôѵϹ˧ʱֹ˼ĸûУ
һӴ仰û˹ʹ
ʵɷŮ˵飬ǲ֪ǣѡԵĴԼ˵ɷԼĵģɷԼܺá
ǣʱھ¼óˣ֪ԼɷԲԼŮˣپھôһ˵ģʱԼɷĲ
ǰŮˣԼΪʲôˣ
ھһЦŹ¶ɶ֮ɫڹϣ
šܡ
һ
㲻뱨ɷ𣿡
ھЦ
ҡ
뿴㡭ΪʲôܱҪ֪𣿡
ھЦ
ҡԣԣҪ
·𱻴̼һ㣬ɫ¶һɼᶨ֮ɫһվֽ⿪ԼԸ·


022 Ůź
һ̼ȫ¶ֻʣɫֺڿ㣬ľ飬޳ȣʵƤ𪣬ǣһҪѪ
ھʱ۾סˣ˿ĭ
ɡʲô㣡
˵
ڴʱ̣ھﻹͣһס壬ԼĻУ˴ϣͺ졣
š
ھǼʮ죬ھǵͬʱ˫ָǽ⿪˹֣һץסãһ˹Ŀȥ
һʼֻ뱨Լɷͬʱھ¼й¶ȥھֶʵֿ̫ڲ֮£ܿȫ飬ǲˮ
ھĴŪĹȫеھ졭ҡҡ
ھһЦ˵ҪǲҪҸ㣿
šáԡҡҡ
ǾԵŮŮĴһͻһʰ
ھǺһЦѸѹԼ·ڿ֮󣬹Ǹʱˣ찡ôܡô󡭡˵ļһĿô𡭡ҪǱô
֪˻ô
ھֿ˫ȣڿ㣬ڶ׼ʪܵĵطһ˽ȥ

һл˲еޱȵĳʵ
ھʼٸ׳Ȼÿβ빮խʪ֭еĹʱӤСȭͷͷͷϵڡŪĦŹڣĿùĴˮȱ̰ģٲͣĽɡꡭ
֮䡣
һȦȦһڰΧסȻǴͷӹӤ̰סھֻѹڹ޹ǵϡĴšãȻﴫȫлʧأһעģͬʱھգ촽΢ţ̴ڲʴǵǹǣȻӦ˵ĺѸס˹㴽һǻҺ򣬸ͷ㻬ͷŤͬʱֹܣѹסоȻ͵ؿһ±һأһ±һ¿죬ÿһ¶صĻŻоꡱˮ롰žžžžžžγһ¡
̫ˡᡭᡭЩءҪйˡҲС
޹Ȼһ̴ڽ䣬ҡ׺׵ȻײţĻ۱һĴˮĽմʪ˹ڲࡢѩκ͵̵ĴǸæɿȻˮܵҿƻ档
ʱĹھʪź촽ҲҪϵ̴ڵҺǰ౻еĴࡢ󸧹ֺƻװĸϸòͷ¡Ȧҧȴھ޴ȻҺݺݳײ·Ϲ£޹䡢͸ƻĳ˿ܡ
һ˫ѩź۽ץסھΧʤյŵúܿԲͦúܸߣַ£ͦȥŲȻ
ھ֪µĳ߳ҪˣʶƨɷͳͲ壬ܹ˽вѣһͣͬʱ̼ɾ͸УͦĶδŻǰݸأÿһ¶ло
ᡭЩء̫ˡŶ̫ءˡҪҲҪ
һһյĽ˽УӹڽסĴͷʱһɫĳȫϺɫĴͷϣĽצֽŽھҡͣ
׻˵Ůʮǣʮ绢ʮʮŮʢʱ򣬾ͺڶʮ굽ʮǿʱһֻŮñȽϳһѣ˵Ҳ֣ںͯʱŮһ㶼к緢Ƚ죬ⷽȴóһЩǲ²͸İš
ʮ꣬ǻ֮꣬ʢʱ򣬿ôɷҵ׳ʼ˵ʲôζҹįߣͻݵһֱΪ˵ǶӦøɷԼ֮ǰ˵Ĳ࣬˭֪죬ˣھĲԼɷǰ˵Ĵ󣬶ҸǾͨǿͣʱʳ֪ζղܣ̾Ҳ֪ЩԼôģҲΪô꣬һھ֮ţľˮһһʰз֮ĸɢ׵Ժˡ
ھظɣҵسŹŮ壬ޱȵĳʵŪޣھĽгУˬǽһ֡
ھ͹ʮӣˬҪھҲڹϣ磬Ů˶ǴŮһڴȻ飬վЩŲǹŮеļƷǰھϲĴϷݵĽһ꣬ʱŮζԲһˬ
оǴûеģڼֵй
ھҺһ壬Ҳǵ˶㣬

̱ھĻϢ
ǰйˣıֻЩ˵ǸСĿԣھıȲǿ̫Զˣʱھһڣǳ˴ûгĴ̼С
ô𣿡
ھһЦڹ⸧Ц
еˣ
ھţ
ھһЦһ˵Ϲıô
У
ŮҲǴ󵨵ģʱһ⻰¶֮ɫ˵һĶ˵һԣӾйˣû˼ã˼ˡ
˵ţʾЦЦھ
ǺǡСҪҪҵŮˣ
ھ˵ҵŮˣôԺܶడ
ܡ
ھ
ãھҪŮˣҪҺɷˣ
գգ۾˵ʱ˵ʵھ֮ȷʵѾɷûȤˣֻǣзŲµĵط
ôˣ㲻Ը⣿
ھڹľϣ
š
һ˵ǡҸôáһϣҪɷļҲҸлô˵ҲҪһҲҡš
ǺǣС㡭Ҹĺ棬ҾŪƺļҲòã
Ҫ㡭ҵĺ桭аǺ滹û˸
Ҿ͸ҪˣҸ֮Ҿ͸ôļҲòã
šǺðɡ
üͷſڴϣǷ۵ľջ¶ھǰ
ھðֵѾٴΰͦء
ھȵˣ
˵ţȥ
ھӺ빮ʱ򣬹һʼоеۣǺܿ͸оƵĿ֣ھҶˬ㣬ھļҶٴϸ߷壬ھĳгУޱȣּһݴ⣬ޱȵĴ̼
÷Ƚ֮󣬹̱ھĿ֮Цٰź°ɡ
㡭ôҡ˵ôõҲ
ɬھ
Ūұ˵𣿡
Ǻðɡ
˵ţſھ棬Ǹܴļһﺬ˿С

ھһ֣Ĵ̼ޱȣԼǸ̫̼ˡ
˵ķǡǰ¼񲥳ҾͶ֪֪ɷ졭Ļ۵Ļ㡭㡭ͿԡԴ˾ٸõʦȻ󡭡ȻͿԴӮⳡ˾ͿԻӦáӦõõġˡˡ
ھһڹˡ
ţһ㣬Цóֽ˲˵ھǰôõİ취ҾȻû뵽Ǻǣ˼պɶˡɲ˼Ҳġ
˵ţߵ˽ھĻ


023 紨
ڶһ磬¼̲ݴƺ԰¼ʱعˡ
ۡ¼Ҹ硢־׷׿Ǳ£һʱ֮䣬ƺʱݳš
ʱΪ޵Ĺվ˳棬ŶɷʧΡʹģ˵ԼɷڼεĲרһԼҲ޷ܣҪ飡һҪûԼһݲƲھǻǮ﹮õʦһҪ﹮Ӯⳡ˾
ʱϺ칫ھµԸϽȥӢҵգѡءİȨŪ۸õ֪𣿡
ˡ
˵ͷҪ֪ǰ1997Ѿˣһھ鵽ػûг棬ʱŪǿǾԵĻ£
أǿǾԵ׬ǮԼɲܷŹھġ
ˣܡ
˵ϺĺѡѾʼˣвŮѡҪҪȥѡֳ
ѡ
ھ۾һٺһЦ˵ȥӦûɡǺǣ
麣ѡֳǾһ°
麣ѡֳڿַǷڿܻӭܹⲿϷǣǾܹϣ㲻ǣݸǣҲĽˡ
ʱھ˺ѡֳ΢Ѳʱϻ˵ױûϵó
һųӵŮŮԵЩŮ
ûУ̫ˡ
Ĳ̫ˣ
ôǸȸ
аɣ̫ˣС㣡
ȻھһˣŶӡ
СһңһҶ˺ѡֳʱСشܵĻɰϴӣĳɰСŮеޱȵĺ档
ھǸСŮʱһΪʱ뵽ǰһŮǣûһھдϲ
£ھ˹ȥߵСݵĸĸߣ˵Ǻá
Сһһ£Сݵ迴һھüͷ˵¶𣿡
ھһЦ˵ǺãǻĹԱǸȥ칫ңҿԵϷòã

СݵĸĸһСݵĸ˵ǾĹԱ
ǰǸҿ԰ǵϷŮҾǱʷǳãԸ𣿡
ھ΢Ц
ԸԸ⣡
СݵĸüͷСݵĸȴһڴӦ
ھǺһЦ˵ǸɣˣܸŮ𣿡
úúáǵŮݣ
Сݵĸ׸Ͻ˵
ٺ٣Ȼǡ紨ݣھϲŮˣҲǰһҪܹŮˣȻСǾǲģ
ʱھһݣòʮֿɰȻɬһģ
ܿģھһ˰칫ңαװ
찡ǻĶ
ϳھ̽˳
ְֺҲʱϳھʱ۾Ҫ֪ȲԺھҲǺ黪ģ¸ӸˣҪԸŮϷǵİվ͸ˣ
Ҫ֪Ȧ֪ԱƼĻԻ°빦Ҫ֪ǰ˻λ鱳Ĺ˾ܣ֪ô롣
ܸСݵ𣿡
ھǺһЦ˵
Ͻ˵û⣬û⣡ҵŮʮ꣬ǰݹӾģǳ۵ĵӰ״Ԫݽɫڡʡ˹Ů裬ʲôġ
ϲؽݵĺãھ÷ǳ棬˵֮ھǺһЦӣݵԴ˵ǰɣ
ǰ
һЦɵ˵ھɣ
СݣҪ˵
ҪǳݲҪ˵ھȴ˰֣Ȼ˵ǰСݣҾھԽ磡
ţ磬˼ҿϲݵĶˣҺϲݵ̫ˣ
Եе˷ܣϾܹԼĿеżǾµһĺ¶
ţСݣ벻һǣ
ھЦ
ȻԸˣ˼ҲǣݺÿĵӾ磡
գգЦ
ھǺһЦվ˵ĸҪǩԼСݣǩԼҵĹ˾ǿ𣿡
ʲô
ݵĸĸһ˵˵ǩԼѵǵӰ˾ϰ𣿡
ǵȻ
ھЦѶ˾ϰ壬ҵĹ˾ֵڼңСǩԼĻҿ֧ǩԼ𣡲Ҳźĺܣǿô


024 Ů
ʲôң
һڲû
򰡣98ζʲôʮݶ֪
Ѷ˾
Ȼƺʲôһŵ˵ѵεĻ2Ĺ˾ϰ塭ǡǡ
ң
ھһЦ˵ôҪҪǩԼҪǩԼĻһҵʦļùҵ֧Ʊǣòã

ȻĶ
ְ֣裬ҪǩԼ
Ƚе
ãͬ⣬ǩԼ
Ҳ˵
ְּӺŮӦˣҲ˵ʲô
ھǺһЦݵԴ˵ĸҺϲС⺢ӣ֪ܲҵĸŮ
ţ
˳һ漴۾˵ðǵȻԡ
Ҫ֪ڻĹŮ˻ǴͳһЩϸɵΪҪʲô½˶軹ΪھݵĸŮԼһպҪôһۺĸɵǴ¶
ְҲ¶У˵¶ҲԣСݣԸ𣿡
ʮֳھһɵʱʮָˣ˵Ը⣡ɵ
ǽεεھһд󶯣ǰݵھ;÷ǳأһϢ棬ʱСݽԼɵھһ
ˣɵ
˵ǩԼĹ˾պһѧ𣿡
ѧУɼãǺϣҪѧ
ְһҲ¶ɫְ˵ѧɲа
Ҫ֪ˣǣʲôѧɶѧ˵ġ
ھЦһת˽ڸŮӢģݼѧҲûá
ְֺˣҲѧѧ֮ȷʵûɶãְҲͲ˵˵ʲôˡ
ܿģھʦˣ˫˺Լ֮󣬾ǩԼʮꡣ
ȻԼǳ˵ڲʮ꣬ʮŶʮ꣬ݵĸĸҲ֪ˣСõĺԼضп̵Ҳûԡ
˫ǩˣھְֺ迪һ֧Ʊ
ˣĸ
ھ΢ЦһڻСݰһɫģڵĻǴʲô
ҪؼҰ
˵
ŶСǹ˾ĳԱˣг̱ǹ˾ţǲܴСһؼҡ
ھ˵
ְֺЩص˵ͷǶǳˣȻ֪Щŵ
ȴǶԼĸĸǲᣬ۾ˣ˵裬ְ֣᲻ǡ
ְֺϽοݡ
ھٺһЦ˵ͷĽ⡣ڸݵĽɫھڻСɫ

ھϵϣϱѡŮ˵ھɸѡҵŮϣǶϷѧǰɶŮǡ
һŮǣǰĴʱǸСĲСˣھɬǸ˵úܡ
һŮ·˵Ůھûԭ
˵·ǰû֪˵ݵĽɫҡССɡƣ֪ˡ
ǰھ·ڵȦŮǺܸȤ꿴ɵʱھͶ·ŮеȤŮֳ˵ĸоǰھǽһ졣
ܹŮھǽһ
ǣҪôõأ
ʱھȻ뵽ھԽԵþȡ
˲ֱӿ֮⣬ģܣ
㻹ԵطȻֱӿ˵־ȴյ˵־Լ˵ȥ
磬ϽھĶԻʵ֮ô˳ҪһԭΪԼյϽ˼άѡԵİѺھĺô뷨ŴΪھõģ˼άյھɵؾϽΪھõģ˳ɹ
Ȼ־رǿˣҲɹ˵ˣԼյǲܵģΪ־̫ǿˡ
ǣÿ˶ǻҲÿ˶ôǿ־
ھŮˣϲȫ椣ǣһЩǰ顣磬ζԸ·΢ôһ㣡

Fxcmի http://www.fxcmz.com

Marketiva http://www.marketivax.com
-------------------------------------------------------

025 ·
ڵڶ죬·ŮѣȴӵѶ˾ǩԼҪ
Ѷ˾һλְԱƣԼʦʦҵ·
С㣬С㡭
ƺܿ˵ǽҪǩԼǵѶ˾
ǩԼأ
·һ㶣žǴϲҪ֪ڻˣȴй˾ȦոȴʮѶ˾ⲻܲ·еϲ
ôǲԸ⣿
žǺһЦ˵
ǵȻԸ⣡
ڽʣϽЦŶž˵
·ҲϽ˵ҲԸ⣡ҲԸ⡭
ΪˡСԱܹлǩԼĻᣬǲܻܾģ
Ǻã˵£ǩԼÿһʮǩԼ꣬û
ʦ΢Ц˵
һʮ򣿡
·ˣһʮ򰡣Ĵ½ɾһʾ޿ǩԼ꣬⵹ûɶϾǩԼʱ䳤һûɶ
žʦǵЦЦͼ߲ˣЩŮܲջžó˺ͬݸ·ͬʱóԼŵӣһ涼ǳƱ
·Ǯʱ۾ֱˡ
ھĿģһʮڿϻ֧Ʊֻһ֣һֽɱԴĶֽ
Ǻǣô벻ǩԼ
žЦ
ǩԼǩԼ
û⣡û⣡
·ͱ䳮ƱŪԺݲݿһºͬǩԼˡ
ʵûпںͬϣôһǩԼ֮󣬱ķӹ˾κΥҪ˳˾˻˾ǩԼ𡭡
Ѷ˾ʱھǰѾһ̨ԣĻʱ·
ʱѾɹøأһʮջԼ˶ǩԼߺҰģɹǩ˺Լ

ھһЦڵһ֣յǷ
ʱ·ѾȥаǮ˿ϡŮһӾͳ˰̣ǽһ˰
Ů߳Уϲض·˵Ǯˣȥһ£òã

·ԥһ£˵ⲻðɣǲǮ
·Ǻ侲ģ֪Ǯһ
ѽ··ɶǰˣܻǮ㿴ЩǣĸǴƣͣѵܹúõһ𣿡
һ˷ܵ˵
Ҳ԰
·ҲԣΪŮˣϲѪƴǿ϶ģȻҲܺõͬˡ
£·һȥ˹ȥˡ
Ѷ˾
ھڵд·ڹ޹˼ɣִŵʲôʲôͣסǼƵ꣬ھ͸Իʮ顭
ʱ·ıյ̰Ϻĸߵ··䣬ֱױƷȻͣסƵ꣬Ķ˵ҲǧԪ֮ھ͸Իʮ
·ûôںϾһʮ򣬻ʮ򣬻һأ
·ס߼ľƵͳ׷һס޷ѾҪڹס޷Ѽʮ
ܲ˵ȷȻܹ˵־յ˵ĻȥξýǮ˵̰ھõʮ
黹ûأΪһֹҪٶȿʼˣھڵһ֡
ʲô
裬ɣ
ʱƵ·ӵԼĵ绰ԭﶼ¶ˣ
ĸಡסԺˣͬҽҩѣҪʮҽá
·ĸڳƱڹ˸Ѫ޹飬ˣǷʮ򣬼ﶼˣֻøŮ绰
·Т˳ŮӣϽԼǿǮʣʮˡ
Ѷ˾
ھЦһ˵ˡ
˵ţ˵绰ͨȥ¶
ܿģҵ·
Ϊ˾Ҫǡ
ƿھ˵
·˵ͷ˾ǩԼ֮һֱûǣҲ֣лˣ
ǣƵĻǻʧɫ
ǹ˾ϲǣǽȥǶһ
ƵһЦ˵
ʲô
·һ
ǲģ
·Ƚе
ԣǲԼģ
Ҳ
ƵһЦ˵Ҫ֪ȦǺѰģ׻˵ϴϷҪϷֲԸϰһϴĶôõ飿
㡭̫޳ˣ
ǰǲôɵģǲˣ
·ŭ
ƺٺһЦ˵Ҫ˳˾ȻûǺͬעĺҪ˳˾ǰǩԼó˸ǡҲ룡
·ʱˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ·֪ǮĴҪԼ壬ǹƲӦ
ڣȴΪˣΪѾԽ˶ĲˣҪ³ʵ᲻ãҲ²


026 ·ġϷ
ܿģھ͵õ˴𰸣˵·ӦԼҪ
ھЦˣԤϵˣ·Ҿƶһʮ򻨵ĲˣҪ³ǾԲܵģȡһܹ˯ûᣬҲ㲻ˡ
ܿģ·ھİ칫ңʱھİ칫Ѿ˸죬Ȼһס޵ĵطԡңԡ趨ĻԿһзĵط
ܿģ·ЩȻ
ʱһܱ¶·һڵ·֣˵ŮԵøġ
·ǲһʱȻʱͨŮ·ӡ
ھİͷԸв˵ˣ·Ů·͸Ϊױʱ·ԽԵˣ
ܣá
·ԥһ£˵
ھǺһЦ˵Ǿ·ɣǺãھҾͽ··ͱɣʲô¶
ţ
·һ㶣·ԥһ£˵ǡҪǡǺϴ𣿡
ھϵʱ¶ŭ֮ɫ˵··˵ʲôǺúõŮңɲԸʶ鰡
·ǳһ룬˵λϰҪԼŮô¶ôֲҪˣѵʵϰǸˣ
ھǺһЦ˵··Ϸҵİɣ
ǰ
û
·˵ͷ˵
ǾԼݼΣǩԼҵĹ˾ǰɣ
ھʱЦĺгǺܺͰ׵ġ
ǵȻݼˣ
ϰ壬ϣңһݺÿһɫ
·˵Լĺš
ھǺһЦ˵ǲһϷҿǵݼ𣿡
ھ˵ţվ
ðû⣡
ʲôϷԣ
·¸ˣϰǸˣԼ˲Ҫϴˡ
ھ˵ˣԵһϷϷ
Ϸ
·ˡ
һ̣ھѾ˻У˵һֻϷϷŮԱҪһġ
˵ţھסԴĺ촽ȥ
û㿪ھƬȵĴӴһʱ˵ʱͬǴһ㣬ǲ
·ھȻԼǰʱɬޱȣ޲طȥ
ԴȫհˣĳǾˣ弤ҵĦ˷·ͬ˵ĵһ㣬Ժһжʧˣȫɥʧˣ˵弤Ħš
ǸŮˣͬʱҲһ˾ĴŮŮһϲͨǾԵ͵ʱȫھڰȨ
ھʱ򣬲ŷŮĴɿڣϸ壬ⳡܰǵУ˶Ħ壬鱻
ھȵĴǿ˱۴ڵС࣬ǿ
ȻھſźϢŮٺһЦԱߺ·˵··ֵˣ
ҡҲҪšҪ
·Ƥӿɱö࣬ʱŵˣˡ
ھŲŹ·һѽԼĻ˵··Ϸģ밡ҪǽȦǣѵ㻹Ϸ׻˵˲ĥǹڲһ£ģ㻹о𣿡
⡭⡭
·ʱҶˣȻһĸӣȴˡ
ھһЦûȥ·ǣǾش·˵˵Ůһĵ֮ڣ̲סˣͷס·ĺ촽
ʱ·ӣСڱھסˣӣСڱס˵ӡһɬر۾Լĳǵ
˵ھĹʮǽ׶˵̵̽ͷ·Ķزһޱȵˡ
ھ·ŪǷǳأ˱·ֻˬޱȣ㡢ᡢۡ壬һ˱Ϯ̼ھģ
ھǼ֮£·вشһߣƸԹ
ھ·̴㴽ҧ࣬ˬĺܰ
ڣھſ·ĶŮھ΢ЦڣһϷϴϷ·ˣȥԡңҿǵݼΣ


027 ռŮ
ʱ·ľԼĿԣȻǰ˻Լûͼ
·ˣղʲôϷھռԼ˵ıˣʱȻҪԼ·ϴ
ǿܣΪ·Ƹھģ
Ůһۣŵ֣Լϵ·һһھȤؿŮ£Ů·ǾԵӾܡ
ܿģ·Ͼѵþʣʽˣ۵Ů¶ڿУھ۹ⷢز֣ܲԲԲͦͦģֵİº´ף·Ͳ˵زܴ󣬿Ǻܾ£һֺʺ˰ļһ
ѣ
ھ򵥵³һ֡
·˳ھ֣ȥԼϵʽ
ŮھٺһЦָָԡң˵ϴȥɡ
š
֪ˡ
Ṳ̊ԡԡͷϴ塣
Ůϴ裬ھжˣĸоãѽԼСֵѾˡ
Ůԡشϴ壬̫ˣ
·ܿϴ裬ӣҪԡϡ
Ȼ·סˣΪھѾѹ·¶Լ׳ġ
ܡ㡭
š˰
Ůǵһο˵壬ǺĲˡ
ھһЦһ˵·ϽĽǽϣס·Ž۵þԼͷȥ¡

·ǵһα˸Լ壬ھֶָ£·ܿͱھŪ
ھͣһŮĻ壬ĲŪ£·ܿͱŪýеͶеܡҡŪˡҡ
һԵۼԼĺѺȣҾȻ֪ܵ˵Ǵ߲ѡھȴǲ·仰ǺһЦ˵Ҫġҿû㡭
˵ţھ·һȵ䣬ԼĴڵ·Ļſڣˮˮ󻬣һ

·۵ĻھȴǺشʱǺ޲طȥ·ھϱĴвݣ߳彻Ůɬѡ
ھС΢ͦ󼦰͡彫ȥ·ҧüһʹˡޡޡ
ھ֪·ĴŮĤƣĤ֮ʮ£ʹ䳤ʹΪʹƬ֮·Ѳʹʪƽһֻڵϣھ֮˵㰡
·ʤߣ콥ӭϣھʼ󼦰񶴰֮Уòʣھ黺壬·ܾס㺹ת䣺มܡҪˡ
··Ÿոաһ㡭ҵС˶ôô
ھʱ·ԽԽһʱ޲ýȥЦ··شң治
·ʱʹȫޣѽѾвԸ֮æ˵ܡҡҺҹҴ㡭Ҫɣ
˵겻ʤھУھϲ·§סʩ
ڵ໥Էھ˱ӣ仨ȣ䣬ס˶飬·ྡӭİĽһʱ
ھͻȻһȻ·Ū˫һվסαھסãʱھֳͼ£·סܡúšޡޡֱҪŶҪҵһมมܲ˵ġ
ھȻϧִݻʹ󼦰·ʹУ·֪ھ֮⣬ؼĶΪʹֻԼ˴Ů֮˹ⲻӦ޹ڷܣԼʵ鼱ʹŽ˳
ھ֪ԼղδЩ꣬˫ḧ·˫Ե䣬ʼʻ飬һԶױȵģ·ŮδС侹Ȼһģ˶ϸȡ
ھ˫סһֻ˫嶥Ϸ嶥ָסɷ۽ӣһСӣң·һ˫ħỤ̄һһ
ھţԽ֧һƣ·üһʺСӣԶѩ׵г֮ӳȤ֮Ƶľѩк÷ھ̲סһͷſڽһֻڿһ˵С
·̲סŶŶ
ҽټھĴ󼦰ͻ·ڣ·һھŪûֲ֧סھĻС
ھ·ãŮѾĵܣŹҰɡҲˡ
ҲáϢ°ɡ
ھ˵ţתЦſ˵ˣ
ûӦھѾɳϣֵĿˡ
Ҫ㣬ҲˡҪ
ˣŵɫס
ģ˰ɣ
ھ˵ţֿĴȣ׼˽ܾһ

ĲҽУĵһҲʹ˱
ھҲŰ룬ֻתΣùͷתĥ
ھදĶʹ֮ȴһģвɦ֮СͦĶɦɦһȴھֻࡣеھЧɦʹȫһͦΪĵطأ
ھһһĽڣĸоԽԽԣڵߡ΢䶯ɦŹͷھҲߣߣ
šھѾֵľͷˣܿٵৣ
ùͷٵ˵ڣȻĲ룬ͷھظĳ嶯
ʵ泩šš
ţһٵĿ裬
һʧİ̾ݷɽ㣺šššš
ţΪ޴ķƽһЩȻ
ھԽԽ˳ӿٶȡҲҪӭпʦ㣬϶Լ巴ţԲߵߵ㡣
ھýŤڼУԺĸеİƤⷭһȡĸоûϴֲڵɦŹͷñԵ
ھȫ֪ͻȻȫʧ
ھǰƺͷڱڣ漴һ˻ڴ
һȳȿֺӿڣӨ͸ʪҺо˿˿ʺ죬Ⱦѩ׵ļе㴥Ŀġھٴν룬ֻöȽƺ˳࣬ǿʼйɵĳ鶯ֻĴʹʧ٣֮ɦУھĳ鶯ָոɦһĪĿԼҲĳ鶯ͦšŤţ˿аһ˫ȸڵھȼѲš
ͻȻҧھļָǮٵıҵĶСߡҵؽţڲǼҵšҪ߸ߵĹȻֹƺڵȴôš
һУһ޾ѶĳѸٵĽеΧס
ھۡһ飬֪Ҫˡֹͣ鶯˫ıĺΣ˵ܵţĶľͷɲǼھĹͷһͣͣͣͣ
һɹɵŨֱ仨ģ泩ĸоھһ
ھȻֹͣ鶯ֻǽʵʵһƣھһ࣬䤱ⷢƵóͻȻеһȳӹѿڡ
һһƽδ泩ȫһ飡
ɳϣҲֿˡ
·ȫûɳϲ϶һŮЩ䣬ղھԼĽȻһʼۣ֮ȴʱҲھ£̲ס˹ȥɳϡ
ھϲһѽ·˴սŻ
֮󣬴սͣ
·ھɵǻһȫڵϣϢһɳգǱŪúǸ
ھԡｫմŵѪҺϴɾˣȻߵɳϣὫɫŮ뻳У··ղ𣿡
šš
ܡоܲ
·ھ˯֮󣬼ھûָڸղŵзУھָѾȻȻǵǲֻھһˣ
ˣھɡ
ھһЦ
šھ˼Ҳ뿪㡭
һЦھ·Ҳ˵ھҲ뿪㣬߰ɡ
ھϲѣ˵··һߵġУεĻⲿϷûʺǵĽɫҴǸ⿪һϷǲɣ
ţʲôϷ
·һ£˵
졷͡ɡ
ھЦҴñݰŮ··ƣ
˵ţھԼŮ˽һϷľ籾ǵĽɫ
ۣܲھ
ⲿϷϲ̫ллˡ
·ϷܸȤԼǡ
ھǺһЦ룬ҲԲһܽСӣϾԼĶ
⣬ھҲʣµ飬ԼͼϷϲģúõԼϰ塣
úŮǣǱ


028 Ҳ
ܿģ2ʼ㣬ԱԭһģޱͷȻСӡޱͽޣ
磬Ϸ֮ھż٣ȥԷ
̫ˣ
ڳ˶ƺƵһȺϲ͹ݳ
͹֮ڣҪ䣬ʹʹسһ١
극˿ĳھӭͷͿһŮӣ۾һŮӲǱˣꡣ
Ǿӣʮ꣬ǸɫŮӣ˶ھеǸͻݵʱòţ£ɫӣ˵ζ˵չֳˮϸɣͦ޳ѩλԲòǾĹŵ˵㣬Ů
ھǸ͵ɫǣ£ͰĿ궨Ĺŵϡ
ھٺЦ߹ȥһ꣬˵㣬ð
һ㶣תͷھǺһЦ˵ԭھôʲô¶𣿡
ھǺһЦ˵㣬ҪȥĶ
˵ϷˣȾƵȥ˯һ

ھ˵ͷ˵ɣ㣬ҸպҲҪؾƵ꣬һȥɣҿ㣡
ðɡ
ЩΪѣϾھҲˣҪǿԼһ𵽾Ƶ꣬ǿɸý֪ˣɲã
û¶ģ㣡
ھס֣˵ޱޱҲҪǣûʲôûɶµģ
ھĻ˵ˣ껹˵ʲôֻôӦˡ
ھųӻصԼסľƵ꣬˵ķպöʮ¥˽ݣڵݵж˾
¡
ڶ˵ȴŵ¥ʱ򣬺Ȼһ촫ĵƺȻϨ𣬵ҲˣһƬڰ
ô¶
һе
ҿģͣ˰
ھεش
ʲôͣ磿찡ɣ
ôڣǱô
˵겻ʮֺ£ӾСʱһƬڣ治֪ôźá
֪ɣȰѵó
˵ţھԼõʱһƬ
ģھôģ
ʱôˣһӣСڳôģһš
Ǳҵıڡ㣡
ھһȵؿŴʱ꣬Ǽջ󰡣һǺôһɫĹŵŮھôܲĶ
꿴ھȵ񣬲һ죬̶ͷȥھûֹԼô˼ϲСĴֱָתͷؿھھҲûؿꡣ
ţھתͷǰ ̽ǣ֣Ҳתͷǰ棬˴ӵŵطƽؿŶԷûκηӦھԼֽʮָۡ
ھָһָĲͷھ
ھĸ첲˳ƽ§ǰʶؽַھǰ״ھƿڵݲڣȻ̽ͷȥ꣬۾촽ҲܣھǰֻԵƳ
ھ𣬷Լ˳ӵؽִھ󱳣Ȼ۾ɿ촽ھ
Ҫ֪һĻʱǸʱھɻûԼָԴǸʱŮͱھָȾʱھһʱһʰ
ھϲ֪꿴ӦòųԼ֮оȻҲԸԼϣǽͷĿ䶯Ȼ˱⣬ɱϵؽͷɣھͶ
ھϵ˱ţ۾ĺ˫ֶԼļϣ§Ĳӣšھִ·ʼĺ󱳣ִز·鷿·»
Ƥʮϸ⻬Ӥھ̽İŪִۣûзӦһӦϿûоֻܾø첲ĽھĲӼӽԴΪӦʱĺһƽھĸţҲǰ£ס鷿زպÿһգϸеԣھļ鷿ĴָᲦŪͷֱյĸھǵҲͶ룬Ҳ
ھɵǰĶҲǰշԼβھ
ھ˫ֵһ鷿ͷھĲѸٵĲھɿͷʼգȻ˱ĶŤԴԵġߺߡִԼƵʾ꽫Լ·Ȼ˳ӵھ·ﻬ˫֣ץھĺ󱳡
ھĴ󷢣°˫ֶƵǰ棬ֱס鷿Ȼͷ˫Ϻץھļ󲿣ԡھڳƵƶĿӡ
괩ûϵĿӣΪĶֺܷ࣬ѾȥھסƨţȻɵŶھ̽ŽɹϣָĹɹ˳Źɹ»ƹɹָĴܱۣպϵĺܸܽˬ
ھָػˬܿҺ塣ʱķӦúǿңʼھͷ˫Ҳھһ»ھĿھƨɺھǰ﷢ŵ
£ھ̲סˣԼĿӣ¶޴ļͣڳĿӺڿ㣬Ȼ˵㣬ҽȥ𣿡
һ˼ҡ˼Ҷˡ㡭㻹ȥ𡭡
ߺͷȥ˵
ھһϲ̧ȣ󼦰Ͷ׼СѨҪȥ
ȵȡ
ߺֹھ棬𣿡
ð
ھʱ־ϲ
ھ£ϡھԼͦķ͵ļͣ괺ˮСѨ׼λö˵ˣ㣬ɣ
ƨһھĴȸһȡִխѨİ޷ݵĿھͬʱ﷢һ
㣬¶ƨɣ㡣
ھ˫ַסѩ׷۵Ĵƨɣָͦš
ûãھ˹ɣ̧ƨʱھƨ³󼦰ʹѨγһӣȻƨ£ھҲ϶ִ˻ȥ
ڡھáðġĸо
㣬ǣǲǺˬѽ
ˬˬھǡᣬ졭졭ֲ֡סˡ
㣬⣬ſʼ㣬һ̣ȻᣬȻˬ
ھ˵żӿƶƨɵȺٶȣͬʱԼҲԽͦԽ졣
ھˬˬáá
㣬ԽԽˣ
ڡھáááҪˡŴһһҺصĴھĹͷϣһ£ûס
ͷͦظ˺һᣬſڵϣһȵļͻѨûаγ
ھԴһʼ;һĻ䣬ԣӲͦûйһԼ©ղҲȷʵˡЪ˺һųűɹŵƣƨɣ˸ſʽȻֿʼͦ
ھô֡ܡܡܲˡˡ
㣬ܰɣ˵ɶҲҲˬˬ
ááø磬ááˬˬ
һһѨﵭɫ֭Һĵǵġ
áá
ھٶԽԽ죬귭Űۣڳݲĺߺš
ӱĽģСѨеŴһҵ
ھһ󼦰Ȼ궶ˣһ泯ԼȻ˫ַĿּҵͦ

˵ֻǵĽţɢ˼һھͦͣĶš
ȵھˬй˳ٿ꣬ȴǴޣˡ
ݵУʱѹ
ھ·ھЩ֪ؿ꣬ȻЩΪʲôԼ
꿴ھ¶ɻ֮ɫһЦ˵ھ㲻ظеɻ֮ԻｫԼӽ㡭⣬Ϊ˼ϲ㡭
˵ߵͨ졣
ʲô
ھһһ˵㣬㡭˵ʲô㡭ϲҡ⡭⡭
ھֱԼĶ䡣
㲻ظеȡ
˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôϲСôкӣֻ֪һ㣬ҡҵͻúܿ졭ҡҾͻ顭ҡҲ֪ԼôˣҷҿƲԼ塭ƺܷһϲϢҼ㡭ҽ㱻ҾͿƲסԼˡ
ھĿɿڴȴǺȻ뵽ѵҵָҲٸȾˣ
ô㣬Ȼ飬ԸҵŮ𣿡
ھԥһ£̽Եʵ
⡭ҡ
ЩΪѵصͷ֪˵ʲôá
㣬Ҫԥҵġ
ھ˵ţһѽ갴ǽϣյСϣһμ

궯ػӦھǣݵжؽ

ţھɿͣ㣬֪֪ںʲô޷Ǿһ̫󣬻ݣ԰ɣ
ʱӻȣھ仰΢΢ͷ˵û
벻⣬ֻҪǲڵ»ûκ⣡ǩԼѶһᾡù˾㣡ԺԶҵŮˣòã
ھ˵ţĴ⻬۵ļǽѡ
ʱҲ鶯Լ뿪ܸԼôøоھˣµáھ˼Ҿ㡭ġԺǾˡˡҡҡһҪ
ھٺһЦһ¶˵ĿӣȻһȿڼϣ󼦰Ͷ׼СѨһѹ˽ȥ

һޱȡ
ھƨһСѨ÷졣
˵ھִִ󣬿ֱǰԼɷδĵطЩطĴ̼ǾԵھÿͦһνȥ񶥵ĳ֮ޱȵܡ
ھϲ壬һŪ鷿һ߽ݺݵشɩڣָоˬھԴһƬհס
һʱ֮䣬˸ѾݣҲ˵Ƿʱ򿪣زţš
ʱھͷ̽ͷ̸þòšСɵزҲھССͷֻͻ߲һӲȻظûӲӲĦĵĸоھ̫ˡ
ڣھеѨԽԽҲȫýأ˫§סԼĲӣŵҲɿˣٵغھЩҪˡ
ھ֪ĸ߳ҪˣʵѾĵڶ߳ˣݺݵؿٳ鶯ѨҺ壬˵嶼Ūʪһ̣Ϳ꾡ܸ߳泩ͬʱھĳ̣§סԴϺҵţɿͦƺҪɢˣھ³ضУ˫ֽ§ھʹ̧ߣԷھܹø˳ЩգھһͺУȫ͵һݺݵǰһͣǧ׼ӷعڣ߳Ŀ˾þòܶҲ붯
Դˣ곹װݷھ£ھˣԼ˻顣ΰ֮·Ϊ90ĩڣйľƵ껹ֱֹ࣬ͣ˼ʮӣƵڵ˷ˣҲԴӵͣ磬޷Գǣûκ֪ղڵ顣


029 ȥ
ټھϰ壬ԼϷݣȻϷ϶Ƕġ
Ѿ6·ˣ籭ҲҪʼˣΣȳڼھʱѾǧԪھҲѾӣΣƣǰĿת籭ţ籭֮ԼĲԿԸ
ϣھȥư裬Ů˿µĿ꣬ΪŮѾˣھӲģֻʩչֶΡ֪ھȦĴУҲûоܾ˻͸ȥˡ
ʱھͽޡޡ޳ƺھھϾھġ
ʱưأ˳Ůڼ£һԶŮŤˣչഺã
һתھǰһȵĻζ۹š
ھ¶ƿһ㣬һƬֱ̾ҵ
߼䣬ճõģԼɼɫˮ͸˿ȣһɷˮŵѬ²ݵζһŮ˵ζһ֡һͶ㶼ɢһֳеĸŶׯʡ
һβվھǰһԺڰ׷ˮĴעھתƺһŻһǡ
ھŲŲ壬ǰ콿ġϵֱ̬ߵɫĴ
ޱھһĿĿȼ߸¡ĴӣĲͣԾҲȴΪһΪ⡣
ھ裬Ҳ
վŤӵھ˵
ޣ˵ʲô
ӵĻھ˵ʲô
޲
ü΢
ھˣһЦһתϷʵҪô

ҲھڴȤɵüһԼôã̽Ұɡ
ð
ھͬСŮһ㽿ǳŭޣĵҲ˷һ氡ǽٸ
Ťӣߴ˵ʵܼ򵥵İ˽̣֣ôôšŤӾͿˡ
Ŷ
ޡŶһҲζϸ֫ǵһֳ裬еţе㽩ӲھǰȻ
òСɾ£ʹǷѣ˵ġ߹ŵʣʹŤԵʮֵˡ
ޣĺܺð
ھ۾һŤĽǻԲߣĵĿ佱
ţлл
޸˵Ц
һ赸ޣӵӦˣʮֵȻ
޾й跽ʽȫһӷӵĿռڣھţ˵Ż
ǴżϥȹƶŲʱȹ΢΢Ʈ¶һСѩ׷ӯĴȣһԵھ۾ɵֱˡ
ôˣ
Ц˵
ھæջĿ⣬Ц˵ޣñҺöˣǲרѧ
û
޲ŵʣֻǰѧһ㽻裬ھܺÿô
˵ţȻھǰŵת˸ȦЦӯӯ˵
Ҫķ˿Ŀз绪ŮޣҲݣ֣趯֫һ棬֪롭
Ȼ
ھʹĵͷ˵ʺ裬ҪݵӰȥ裬϶Ҳǰ;
һЦ˵պһŬġ
ֳ裬ŮĽӴġֻӻֱӵĽӴԵü硢ȡ
еĵףܶŮӣһֻ۱һֻۣΪȻ
ܲھģ裬廹˼¡Ϊпյ˲δ·ֱӵĽӴ޲ɵ١
ޣԲҲǹġ
ղһע⣬첲Ȼ޸ʵѩϲһ£ھоܴ̼еӣ
û£
ҡҡͷšһӰںѹܴʱ֡赸Ĵ£׵ķ顣ŤķȣҲֵĸߵŤ
ֻҡҷŽŤû̫ĶԶһרҵŮŻԡв˵ʱŤΣһȺǰȥ
ֶʵŮݸ߹󡢶ׯʹǷԼҲַŵĶ
Ŷ
ھӦһûﰵϲٽУʱĳûϲһ¡
ֻͨļףҲھоʮֵĴ̼˷ܡ뱻Լ͵ģǷ绪ޣƽظ˲µޣھѪš
޾ѣĻھ˼ھĶݣֻۡѡ
Լ׺ɷ⣬δ㼡׹ʱҲоܴ̼һֻ۱һֻ۵ģĬˡ
ھС˵СͲˡ


030 Ӣ۾ͻؼ
ھһԼжʮС꣬ȻŻ󣬵ƦŨһһ竸޺þãȻ޵òǿǸŵʡӣﲻɵôĻᣬ޽ϲȥ
޶ִˣǿ˿Ÿ߸ЬСţǸ˽ʹһ£Ͻå
ӴҵĽţ
ڼŽŰӴлУü΢ھ˵ˣ뿪ɡ
ʱղž裬޶ͷŲ㺹
ɣҿôģл⣬ξͶɡ
뿪ǲǲռôھȰᡣ
ˣҪ棬ԼɡˣȻȥˡ
˵ţ̧ſȥ
ھ״̾һϧ漴һͬ뿪أ
ޣǰ·ڵңҿȥɡ
ھ˵
ţǲ̫鷳ˣ
кЦʵ
鷳һҲ鷳ΪĴŮһ˾ҵң
ھЦŽ͵
Ǻðɣ߰ɣø߿кˣ
һߣһߴСͳһֽһ¶ͷϵ㺹
˾ưɵļңھɫѾȫˣ·ߵ·Ƶƻͨ·Ȼܶ࣬ھɨһưɣûʲôƷŮʧ֮£תͷһ۱ʰ쵵Ľֵʱ߳һŮ
ףǲǸղű޴˵ĸô
ھǸ׷ԣʮжŸֵһ֪Ʀӵˣھüͷãǻ鷳ġ
Ȼʮˣǲǳǳޣھǻ˵
һס޵֣ھæ˵ޣ㵽ҳһסǣǸҳˡ
ѽ
ЩȵڶһȺˣڿھԲھǳģˣ
ޣô
ھͣ½Ųͷһ۽׷Ʀǣʵ
£
޽³һȹǰʻԲѩ壬֮һһھ۾ɵһѪڡ
֪ᱣҵġ
š
ھĿǰջأͷһ۾ǲ30׵ĸˣץ޵֣˵ǳԿףȥ
Ҳܶ㡣
ھݵĿźͣ׷ĸˣھߴٵޣ˲ңģʱ䡭

޽һΪŵԵʣ˵ģˣھĴ֣ǵ˵𡭡һܰɣЩˣ׵ģҲ㡣
û£
ھһ£Ц˵һṦģʮȫû⣬Ҫµʱչ˲㡣ޣ쵽ȥɣϾ
Ŷ
ھһۣ˵㣬ǰ㡣
š
ھ¶һŵЦݡۿŸǻ˾Ҫ׷ǰھϵСŴ
СѳԿ׸ү⿪ǸŮ˵Ļһүף
һֵӳھ󺰵
ڴ
ھǸһۣ漴ߵ
úãǾƲԳԷˣֵǿ
竸ݺݵĵһھȻֱӾܾԼǻðɣæСǽ
Ļһ£ŷֵСܹھϻӵ¡
ƺھ촦龰һЦҪкȥҳ˭֪һӣͿԼ£ھֱһ߷ˡ
ǵģֱ߷ɵģɴ䣬ȫһ㼼ɣɡ
ھΪһ˲˵ǵǹ룬һҲݡ
һŵŵŵˣһæһϡ
죬˶һһҪἸè򣬾˲ΪĵӰ
һëȳеĸֵȫھͷֻǵиյھĶǰʱͱʲôǿסˡëһȻھָסԼĸֵһʱ֮סˡ
סھǲģһЦھëĸֱֵӷëֱۣʱëұնϣʣµʱҲһٵ
ھоŵӭǣ˿壬ЩȻ˶ڣڣǸھһ֮УھȫԹأӲӲĴ߶֮£ĸֵ޼᲻ݣ˵ĵӴȫϵһӣʮСȫ˵ϣȫ˼Ѫ죬һʱ䣬漫ҡ
ӢۣҴˡ֪ˣҲðӢۣ˲С˹һɣԸǮٶа
ֵĿһصĶϱۣ֪Լˣȫû֮ǰˣֱھˡ
ߣ?˭֪᲻ָһأҿɲԼʲô֮ǣ
ھʹĸЦ
Ӣ۰ôﻹұ㰡֪ˣֻҪϷŹҪʲôҶܸ㣬ǮŮ㾡˵
ھɱԼæͷ۵ص
Բնݲҵ
ھ˵ţסĲһŤҲûһʹ˱ʱڴĵ绰Ȼ
޵ģ
ھһ绰
ھءҺʹ
绰޵еʣе״Ρ
ޣôˣҪţ˵
ھǰţ߸æʵ
˽ˣʹ
޿˵
Ŷңˡ
ھ˵ţҶ˵绰
˽ţءʹˣҪǶΣߡ
ھԶԶأͿ복ӻʮ׵ĲݵһӰӴŴϣھһ۾ƳǾޡæܹȥһС췢СƢ
ޣĽû°ɣ
ھӣĵʵ
ˣʹģ
޼ھˣɵð˲٣ָԼţС˵
Ŷҿ
ھֱһֻץ޵ϸԲĽϸĿš
һ˿ɬȴûؽţھ۾Լѩ㡣
ھץĽɵʵޣĽû°?ûʲô󰭣ֻͨ˽ˡ
ھܿ϶˵²⣬޴Ÿ߸Ьܶ㣬Բ˽ˡ
ƭˣôôۡ
޲ŵ˵ָź׵ĵط˵һʹ˵ûء
ھЦųϺЩ۵ޣھЩ飬Ϊ׹ǴλˣȻ۰
Ҫô찡
Դھ
Ѵλ׹ǣϢ죬ûˡ
ھ˵ţ˴֣̽˵ޣҰ׹λɡ
?һ۰ɡҲҪ
ھ˵ҪѴλ׹ղ׹Ǵλɲǣ˺ѷԼʹɵһҲҪھбķô
û
ھҡҡͷ˵ȥҽԺҲ
ھʹûô
ˮĴ۾ھ

ھ̾һҡҡͷ϶ĵʹȥҽԺɡһҩ͸оʹˡ
ﰵЦʱޣĻһ˿ǵӰСŮһ
룬ǸʹҲŲҪ
ʹҡҡͷã㣬ް׹Ū
š
ھͷһֻ޵ľСɵ㣬ޣҰĸ߸Ь˰ɣ㣡
оԼֲڵĴ֣⻬ϸʱһ¡
š
ᡰšһھĸ߸Ьѵ
ھһֻ޵㣬һֻȥĸ߸ЬȥЬ󣬶ʱһֻϸ͸죬Сɵӳ
ھ˫ֻ͵Ȼ㣬Ц˵ޣҪʼŶеʹһ£ܿ͹ȥˡ
Եĸо޽е㽩Ӳе㷢ȻǶڽҪģܺ¡
¡ھܲܲʹ
С죬˵

ھοһ£͸Ůҹһʹܿ͹ȥˣ£Ǻʹġ
ޣ²
ھĻһ죬ݺݰھһۡ
Ǻǣ
ھǺһЦ޵Լϥϣ˫ְסĽף˵ʼŶ
š
޽ĿھСֽץɴ۾˵㣬ŪʹޣȻûꡣ
žһھ˫һλ׹ǣʱλˡ
Ӵʹˣ
޽һЦǺǵھȭʹϣߴصʹˣǲǹģޡ
Ҹʲô
ھ˵
˭Ūôۣߣôģһ㲻֪ˡ

Ҿ㣬㳤ʹʹһ׹ǹλȻʹġ
ھ͵
Ŷ
ͷ˵һΣߣ
޻е׵㣬ھ˼һתЦ˵ޣŻе׵ĵطҰ㰴Ħһ°ɣ֤Ϣһˣ
ô
ްŰɵ˵
Ȼоҽ
ھһ£װĵĿ˵ޣ㻹ҵĻô
ޡꡱһЦָھͷϵһ£˵ʱһΡŵ㰴Ħɡ
˵ţھǰ˻Ρ
š
ھֱӽ޵һֻǰ£żɢĵζϵ㣬ζһǰԡ
ޣôˣ
ھָḧһ£͸оȫһ¡
ûû£
޻æҡҡͷһ˿ɬ
ŶҿʼĦˡ
ھ˵Ϳʼ޵ϰĦ
͵͵һе΢죬յޣھǲɵ¶һ˿΢Ц
ܸ绪ůİĦСţϣܾԼһ˶ɡˣھĦĸ
ޣǲҾôˣ
ҧƺڼʲôƵãھæʵ
⻵ôô֪˼ҽеشô
ܵ㱻ھмɵİĦ޸ɴ۾š
ھһۣ޽㰴Ħɣ˵ˡ
Ŷ
ھҲϻڽֱްĦ
ޣСƯҼġھƷͷ˵
ʲôÿġ
Ȼ˵ȴǰϲ⻹ǵһ˿ء
ǺܺÿƯˣޣ촩߸ЬôСһ붼ûУ
ھʡ
ÿ춼м߲ɷãҪϾҪм룬ĵÿܶȥһƣ
Ц
΢紵ʮ֣ͦġֻŵȹޣӲɵöһ¡
ھԼǼűůףϣЦůЩô
š㲻ô
޸ھһЦݣм˵
䰡ǿ׳׳û¡
ھԼʵţЦ˵
Ħھڵ޴ϸ߸Ь
˸ھޣʵޣԽ·۲ۣ
һü΢С죬ھ˵Ǻۡ
복ӻоʮףҪұȥɡ
ھǳԸУǰ͹̵ӣſԼϣζ϶꣬ˣھӼᶨ⡣

ʱৡһºˣŤҪ߻ȥɡ
ʲôúߵأޣ
ھЦĽţڲʺ·ȻҪˣұȥɡ
Ҫˡ
ҡҡͷ˵˿ˣá̫Ϊˣ
ģ⸱磬Ҷϲôϳأ
ھ׻׻յ˵ڴϵģҲ٣˵ġĺˡ
ҲаŮܲףҿǽİ
޽
ǺǣΪңҲű㰡Ժһˣұؼңʲôеġ
ھ˵ţڵϣʾſȥ
˵ģû취
̾һſھıϡ
ұŶ
ھ§޵Ĵȣվǰȥ


031 ¥
ھֻоӺᣬ˫ֽץŵĴȣȻһ˿ʱȹȴȻܸȵĻ塣
Сſھϣ΢㣬˫ֲ֪÷ģɴļϡ
޿е㺦ߡΣھ죬ǡšŶļӦһ䡣
ھȤ޵Ľǰšһŵġۡھ˼һͷſϵ˵ޣô㳪϶ܺˣҪ㳪һ׸ɣʱ䡣
ҳĲ
Ц˵
û¡ôôҲŲŲ
ھֱ׳˵
Ǻðɣʲô裿
һЦ˵
ţڷŵĵĸɡ
ھ˵
Ŷ׸ǵϸ裬ۡҪҳô
һ죬Ц˵׸ĸȷʵеΪ顣
š
ھʹĵͷ˵ޣ쳪ϾҪˡ
šҵɤ𼱰
ɤӣ
ô
ʡ
һޣٳһװɡ޳ģ࣬ô
ҿûĺھ𣬻ˡ
ھҽɣ
õģޣʲôطؼҡ
Ͼ·13ţǶ˶ӡ
һ·ϣھʾ֭ǰЩЦ޿ģȻвӣƺգЦھǡɫǡޣҵˣסڼ¥
ھһС֮ͣ˵
Ҽ¥ûеݣô죿
¥ǰüͷ˵
ãءҲ50ɣС˼
ھΪȻһЦޣʼ¥ݡ
Ӵ
ƫĲһ£¥ʱھӲɵһ£Һۼֿ죬ץס˷֡
ôˣ
޸æʡ
ޣңĿǰţ¥ʡһ㡣
Ŷ
ͷӸھĺϡ
Ȼھоһʧᡢͦѩĺϣһ˷
߶ѩǲʱĥһ£δ޼ңھ͸о̣޲á
񣡡
ھţ¥ݵĻᣬҡڣûǸʳԵĵѩĥ䡭
ȻھҲҶ޲³ƾͲˡֻСģʱĥһ£񫣬ǳֹ
Ůˣһ˲µĴŮһԼǰϲǰһǸŮޡֻļףҲھ٣Ѫڣ˷ܴ̼Ĳˡ
޼¥˾4¥ʱߵķӣֻŷţľţǰ볨ţʱ洫һա˵Ľ
˵ĵͺŮ˽ĵĴϢһβѡࡣ
޲Ƕ˰ɣ
Ȼ޴īѼñǾӨĶҲȾһĨΣӣС죬ǽ
ü΢һϢھĲϣСָھҲǵģҲãˡ˷绯Ҫú˵˵ǡ
Ŷ
ھӦһȻתԴһĿ˵ޣʲô°
ھ֪ʡ
һ죬ݺݰھһۣ
ٺ٣
ھŽߵޣе⡣ҡҡͷھװ޹˵һǸǴ˵Щ£ֻ¶һ̫ޣԸҺú˵˵ⷽҲԺԼŮһʱ򣬲޴룬֪ô죡
ޣ
һڣʱռԼı˵龰Ͳɵָ࣬ھĶͷһװ⣬㻹㺢ӣߣ㻹ô
ٺ٣
ھٺЦһ
ɵЦˡ߰3㣡Ŷ
û˵
ϣޣ§סҵĲӣһȥ
ھһ˵
Ŷ
΢һ£ѩ׵ۣھĲϡ
ޣ§ˣඣ
ھ˷ܵĵͺһ7¥ȥ
ھʢǿ׳ȻԶʤˡ޾ʮصĽɿľ¥
㣬ܲ
ɫеɬﰵҲ֪һǲǹģôĥǻˡ
ʲôܲˣ
ھһ¡ӣ޴
ô죬޶
޵ھһۣӰͳԿף׼š
ţ´ע⣡
ھһԴ˼˵
ˣޣÿ7¥ô
ھӲŶͷϵĺʵ
۰80Ϸӣװ˵ݣ
ҡҡͷ˵
Ŷ7¥ģ㻹ࡣ
ھͷ
ǰҶѽ
ƳھһۣЦ˵
˵ţ߽˿


032 
ݺæŻЬھȥˮϵˮ̧ͷ˿ǽϹŵʯӢӣھʵޣʮˣҪؼˡ
̫ˣҼסһɡ
޻Ьߵ輸ǰˮһڡ
ð
ھԥͷ˵ĴӦˡ
ţھеϵʣˣ
޷ˮھʵ
е
ţȥһ²ˣԵȣ
˵ţ¼ȡΧȹΧǰŤõ߽
Ŷ
ھͷ̷ͦӯıӰֱ߽ջĿ⡣
ھ輸ϵңأӴ򿪣ʮĹ򣬽ʮƵ飬ҲûҵɶÿĽĿ
ȻȤ£ھϵӣŴӳƮζ̧ȥ
ʱޱھˣһ˫޳ѩ׵ȣֱĽš̻ͦԲƨɣΪԵʣھ߸𡭡
ԸıӰھһ˿ȵĹâ
нŲͷҲûصʵھʲô
Ŷҿ޲ȺûУ
˵ھһ˫۾ȴ޵Ƕƨɡ
޴ǱȹʴԲΣȹŵýģ˽£ȻģĿһ˿ĺۼ
ھǿʿˮ˫ĿðŻĹ⣬Ƿʴ̵ͦΣﰵ̾Ǹǻȡһǿҵĳ嶯һ޵Σһķᡢ뵯ԡ
ţϾͺˣĵһ¡
޺Ȼתͷھ˵
ʱھһ˫۾޵ϣǻſˮʱ޺ȻͷʱھҪһ˫۾æƿĿ
ȿȣ۾Ϲʲôأ
û˼еֵζ
ھ޲û˿
ûʲô
ھƤ˵飬Ҳϵġ
ô
ƳھһۣǸһ˿΢Ц漴תͷȥˡ
Ȼ
ھ޵ıӰƤ˵ɲôˣʵʵվһߣ޳ˡ
ˣվˣ⼸̲˶˳ȥɣǺ˿ͿԳԷˡ
޷Ը
š
ھͷһֶһӣȥ
СˣȻ㲻ϷʢȴɫζȫǷƮζھӲʱ˵ġཡһ
ھεһЦŶ˵ӲһͽУ
ھӣһЦ˵԰ɣ㻹ڳ壬ɲܶš
š
ھҲ£ӣڴڵ̻ʳܳԵе㼱һûǺˡ
ԣû˸
޵ݸھһˮھĺ󱳣Ц˵
ھӹˮһˮ佱ޣ˵ˮƽǸ߰
ްһڷ˵㳴ĲˣζΣ
óԡšĺܺóԣԺķ
һЦ˵аԺ԰ɡ
ޣõŮˣϹиȢ㣬Ҹˡ
ھĵĿ佱
Ǻǣ
Ƥͷһ˫ھ˵ôð
Ǹӣ޷ġ
Ȼа
ھĵͷ˵¼õŮˣûбŮˣܸᲢۣ
컬ģͻҿġ
ްھһֵۣġŮ˶ǿķǣȻ˵ȴ̵ģޱȡ
Թҹھ輸ϵֽ˲ǡ
ޣȥϴɡ
ʰޣھ˵
ëëŵģˢɾ
ҡҡͷ˵
˭˵ģ
ھҡҡͷ˵⿴Ӻˣȥৣ
еƣ͵ޣֲھɴͷӦˡ
ھһ̣߽ˢ
ʮӣˢˡϴ˸ֺھ߳ȥ
ɳϣԴ̫Ѩţɫеʹ
ޣôˣ
ھæ߹ȥĵʵ
ͷȻеʹҲ֪ô£
˵
Ŷ
ھŶһĵ˵ͷʹɲСëȥҽԺô
ûôæϢն٣
ҡҡͷ㣬ûһԼ֧ʱ䡣
Ŷ
ھӦһȰ˵ޣ㻹ǳʱȥҽԺɡҪģ
š
޵ͷ˵ĩ޳ȥҽԺһ°ɡ
˵ţ̫Ѩ
һСᣬְеˣͣҡŷָ
ھԴ˿һۣԾԾԵҰɣڰĦⷽ棬һоġ
ðɡ
޳һ£ͷӦˡ
ھվǰ˴֣˵ޣҿʼ˰
ţɣ
޸ɴ۾ھ̫Ѩϰ
ô
Ħһᣬھʵ
šˣ㻹ͦء
Ц
ǵȻ
ھ޵Ŀ佱ɵõһЦĦ
šô˰
۾ɻھ
ھ˴֣Ц˵ޣҲе㷢ᣬɴſɳϰɡ
˵ţɳϵͷݸޡ


033 ްĦ
Ŷ
ͷͷɳϷźãȻӣſɳϣͷͷϡ
޾ȻķԸſǣȴİĦھһ˿ϲ˫Ŀ͵͵޳顢͹µģ͵͵ʿˮ
ʱſɳϵޣʮֵԸˣ޳ĵţʹȹ˼֣¶һСѩ׷ӯĴȣʴ̵ͦΣȹŵýģСΪſŵԵʣԵϸ
һ˫Сɵ㣬Ÿߵ׵ЬͻŮԵ֮
һ˫ѩźۣĴɳϣھע⵽ϸָץȹǣʾеš
ޣҿʼŶ
ھԶӣּ̫ѨϰĦ
š
Ŀ΢գһ˿ɬ
ޣЩž񣬶԰ĦǴɣ
ھ˵
ô
ºЦôЩôܣˡ
Ȼˣ㾫ЩͷʹͻġΪʲô˯ˣͷʹͻԵʣһ
ھͷͷǵ˵
Ŷ˵ͦе
޵ͷ˵ھƹеۣѿĵƹˣô
ã
ھӦһվĵƹ
ھĵƹرգʱںģֻʣµĹâʹ⣬͵¹⣡
ˣƹˣӲ˰ɡ
ھ߻Ц˵
š
޵ͷ
͵ɫ£ްס𪾫µ˿˿ߺ죬˼ˡھ¡ӣ鲻Խḧһ¡
޵Ľһ¡ŵһھ㯵ţ
Ŷеڣûҵ̫Ѩ
ھĵ¹£ʵڿ塣
Ŷ
ްŰɵĵͷߴٵ㰴ɡ11ˣĦˣǺ˯
ڣŷůζ
ţ
ھ΢΢һ㶡
˵㰴Ħˣ˯ʮһˣ
޻æ͵
Ŷ
ھӦһ⻵Цҿ㰴Ǻá˯

ºЦ⻵ǻˣ֪ռԼıˡ
ھڰĦǱȽ֣ղվʱһĦھ΢ȵ֣Ҳе㷢ˡ
𽥵ķģɴ۾ھİĦ
ĦſĵĻ
ΪĦһԣҪСʱҵĹЧŻáʱˣϼɶЧ
׵ʱˣھоŶˡվ·ҽţھɴɳϣްĦ̫Ѩ
ţ
޲һ˿ԣæ۾
еˡҾ͹ɳϣҲ㡣
ھ˵
Ŷ
޿һھǿҵϢ֮ʱչů컣¾òף˵ٰ°ɣȻҪ˯ˡ
š
ھšһްĦ
ʱ۾ܵޣֻоھֺӣһѨϴһȵȻЩʹ΢ʹȴˬޱȣʹ֢״Ҳ𽥺ת
š
޽סˬĿУᷢһ߽Ľ
ޡû°ɣ
ա˵Ľھ𾪲ѣΪԼˡ
û뵽˵СȻԼĦĽг
ھжʱ֣޵񣬸ȣƺжЩӵ
ûû£
ڲԹɫھǸ𾪴ϲı飬жʱסৡһӺˣæͷ
ھһ߽롢׵ļԭӲĶһӱûȼӲޱȣӳһ
ھǿԼ侲Ǵ˿侲޽ţɢĳŮ˵㣬˱Ƕ۾ֻҪһбӣͿԿǳӣԼ¶ѩ޳ȡ
ղһھѪڣ˫ĿģȵĹâ
һʱˣе㽩Ӳ泯ھΪ顣ʱȻת˸泯š
תʱܷܷɲɵھŭͦСֵܡ
һĳŮˣһǼӲ⣬֪ʲô鲻Խءһ۾ھޱȵĵ㡭
ھһ⡯޷Լĳ̬ʱ࣬ͷޱȵĵޣԲ𡭡
ֱɳϣɫӵĶھϵı飬˸

ã̾һھھղں˼ʲô
û˼ʲô
ھʹҡҡͷ
ƭҡû˼룬ô
͵͵ƳھǸ߸߳ﰵզ࣬ϰ壬С
û
ھֱ£ԽԽ飬ɴ˵ȥˡ
㲻˵Ҳ֪ղſ϶Щ¡һǹҵİɡ
һ죬˵


034 ǿ
ھͷĵ޷ˡޣҲ˼ģֻ̫̫ˣ̲ס
벻ھ˵ֻʱյھ˵ʲôأ
û˵̫ˣױȵĴˣûвģûӦģ»ˡ
ھΪˣԽԽС
˵ˡ
ʹҡҡͷȴ𾪣⻵ˣһֱ뷽跨ԼܽӴǴԼþˡ
Ŷ
ھͷһԱӡ
һʱĵģĿ˴˵ĺ˾ôһɳϣͷһɳϣһصӡ
ůգŨҡ
ˣҪȥ˯ˡ͵ɡ
ɫӵھһۣеصӣ̾һ
Ŷ
ھһһֱͷʱ̧ͷǡע⵽޵Ŀ⣬ǲʱƲԼһ˿ʡ
һ֣ھʱ˷쳣ѪҺٴη
ŮŮ޵ջ󡭡
ˣھ˼һ̧ͷװյĶҪط˵ޣߡ㿴ھǲǲˣôôӲˡ
΢΢һɵƳһھ䣬ǸʵĲλϷ糺졢һ˿֮ɫ
һҡҡͷ˵ô֪
˵ţæתҪ߿
߰
ھһס޵ۣ뿪ҰҺܡ
ߺҲǣͣ־òףھһۣԼͺˡ
ھʹҡҡͷ˵ޣĺܣں롭
ʲô
ʶʡ
뱧һ£ô
ھ̧ͷ˵
ôУз֮ʵ̫˰
ҡҡͷܾˡ
Уôа㲻˵𡣼Ȼѣʲôܱġ˵ղһأͱһ¶ô
ھ
ޱھĻ˵ƿԡھȷʵ̫ˡԼȻſıϣģɷ⣬ûһܵı
ޡޣ
ھҡ޵ĸ첲ߴٵ
ðɡ
ͷ
š
ھаϲæվ쿪˫ۣһѾͽ޵ӽڻ
ţôˡ
˫ھļüͷ˵
Ŷ
ھͷ§ס޵Ĵ֣΢˵㡣
ھʢտ࣬ǽʵšĵļǿֱۣв룬̫ˡ
ޣ㣬ҸоҸˡ
ھ૵
Ϲ˵ʲô
޵ġ顯šھǿҵϢ΢΢е
ޣ㣬ˡ
ھ޲Ϊִࡣ
˵ˡ
޸оʮΪ顣
Ŷ
ھͷ˷ܼˡ
˰ɣҲ㱧ˣҲ˰ɡԣȥ˯ɡ
ھеȹâ΢е궯˵꣬ͻæͷ
ھʹҡҡͷ˫§ޣ˵ûޣ
㡭
ͨ죬
ԭھǸʼӲĲλ˽ŵԵʣСϣھһµĥš
ôˣ
ھ֪ʡ
㡭ʲôǻҡ
ǵͨ졣
ٺ٣ޣҲǹģʵ̫ˡ
ھЦ˵˵գֺݺݶһ¡
ҧѡҲУ㻵ˡ
ٺ٣
ھһЦ޽ץȹǵ֣ھһЦ޽ץȹǵ֣һֽ޵Ǽͦϣ˵ҲУô
޻һֻæǻȼӲƿ
СôţھֻоҸˣеȣǼӲĶ˼֡
ھı仯Ȼоˡаզ࣬һôô󰡡ҪǲԼ
ھ֪ʲôڻѪڡѪţղűСо̼Ķʹȥˡ
ھһ§޵ϴһϷ˵ޣСֺˡ

ھǵϷĻʱе߳ŭˡ
ޣ
ſҡ

ٺ٣ûôס
ھЦһ̲סˣһѱޣеޣҪ㣡
޴ʧɫеھҪԡҽ顭з֮
赲ھھһѹڴϣھϡ
˻˻Ѳϵһھ˺¶ļԽ϶࣬˪ʤѩҡܿͱһ˿ңģڴϣ¶һ塣
ߵüҪιȥֻСƴȥڵҪλȻڵϡڲ£סʱڲסϡжˡ
ھµĿţֻħҲţϰǣģŪͣİ档ͬʱʵĽòʩչֶΡ
ֵ֮Ůޣξܵס⻨ֵֶΣܿ㱻òôȶ֪ҲԽ΢ֻƿƮģƶˣ֪ںδʱʱҺ
ʱˡ
ھɿѹ·ǹ󣬺ݺѹޱȵ壬ֱĽģʹڿ¡
һʱ䣬ڴޣ˴ϢŮ
µŮھ緢ԶŪϱ£չǹٳʨƳ۳ɳ֪ƣʿֱŮڵȥӧӧ޲
ܿҲԼɷϴδζھǿĹƵУͨһϼֵƶˡ
ھļͱ̰غţʪʪģȵģܽھس鶯ţͬʱھǽ§ţ˷ܵýϢھ鶯š
󼦰͡ھŶҵĺˡСѨҪˡŶСѨˡˡˡ
ޡޡҡҡŶˬˬŶ
ھ̵ҺŶŶ硭Ұ㡣
ޡŶСˡŶšҺˬšСºˬš
󼦰͸硭šʹˡššŶҺˬŶҺˬŶü͡šø硭̫ˡš
ھ̡̡̡̡
̶ٵĺ죬죬ھ˺˻ǺˮǴʪòˡ
޵಻ϣеúˣеúֻţ򣬲ͣҵţͣҶ
޵ıˣ磬ϳ˺Σ˿Ŀ΢ϣֱ鿴˸Ѫţ١
ھͷŶ˵ĽϴСѨˮ󼦰͵깵һһͳ˲ˮôڲࡢëΧˮŪʪʪģòˡ޲ͣ˫ǰ߮Լ鷿ϸָԼͷţͣͦԲִİΣӭھĽ
ھһ˸ˣڣ֮ܣǷ͸ɣӱޣһͣݺݵس壬ɵɽѣɽΪ֮ɫ
ԼĪ˰СʱھҲеˣǾơھڴϣ棬ھ֪Ů˵߳Ů˸е㣬ھҲ˳Ϣһ¡
޴ʱѾ׵ã˳ھһֻסʪܵĴһ򲦿׼֮΢ţƨһһӾͰھȫѨھϺнתŪţã΢ǰ䡣
࡭ߡҵӡšŶŶŶ
ھԸо泩ĿСھԿǽڷܵı飬żھβҲͦһӭתͷ㷢ŻζҲڿƮͣ
۾Уһˬı飬ͻȻ䣬޵ſ£رסھ壬鷿ٵĥھزβתŪٶ֮ӿ졣ھ֪߳ˣѵ۷壬ھĴҲſٳͣ˫סƨɡ
ŶŶ졭ŶҺˬҺ
һйֱӿǷ۵ΣͻȻŤҡ¡
޵ĴƨŤ£ھ泩Ͷһ̵ɹͷ񱼶ֱ仨ġ޽ķھСϣ


035 Լϣ
ھ̱ӣһЦ§˵ղô𣿡
šھ
ڱھ˯֮ҲָȾʱʮ˳ˣеˡ㲻Ҫ뿪ҡòá
šҲ뿪ģֻҪ㲻һŮˣҾһߡ
šҾԲġġ˼Ѿ벻ˡϹô죿
Һ飬˰ɣ
Ȼ⣬˳£ҺϹ˭Ƚ鷨
ᡭǵȻǡھˡϹܱȵġ

ھһĿԼĳӨ˯Ůٺ٣ھ黹ɡ
ȵĿΪھȥϢһ졣
ĺۣϾɫŮĹͷһνĴϷò׽˿Ϣһ죬Լסıú˯һ
һ죬ķʱ˯£˯
ʱ˯·ȥԷ֡
ʱ򣬺Ȼˣһ£ʱ˭Լأ
ϽȥţֻſվŵĲǱˣھ
ھô
ھѾϤˣʱԼһ¡
ھǺһЦһֻʱɫзţг㣬òϿ˵Ůģ飬ŮĺձھͲ
ҽҲûϷһȥԳԷ֣ԸԸⰡ
Է֣
һ£ԥһ£˵
߰ɣû¶
ھߣԥһ£Ǹھȥˡ
ʳǷꡣ
ھʱ߽ҷ꣬Ļǳǹŵ԰ķ꣬¶ͣмɽСϪھŮʱ߽۵СǰЦžϹھ˵СǺãǼλ
ھЦһµİ䣡
֪ˣ
һӭСЦ˵
İڣйŵķ񣬲ŵ֣üͷ˵Ǹھǲ̫߼ˣ
ھһЦһ£Ȼ˵ʲô߼߼ģ£ҿˣΪϷ緹ûԣҪԷˣԱò˵
Աܿ˲˵򿪲˵˿ֻɫ̵Ĳȿ۶ˣǼ۸ʱ۾ֱˣ˵£ǸھĲ̫˰ɣ˰ɡ
ȻԱǱϾֻһˣǮĲ̫࣬Դʱ˹ĲȣЩӦ
ʲôˣ
ھһЦ˵㲻ǰɣɣ
˵ţھ˵˿˵һˮ𹳰ײ˻һտ룬ľ񶬹һƿ82ƺƣ
֪ˣ
ǵŵ˵ķԱ˵ͷǺòת˳ȥ
ĿɿڴؿھЩˣȵԱȥھô˺Ķܹġ
ھһЦ˵ģ㹻ǮҪģ
һ죬˼ҲǸ˼ֻҾãô߼ĵطñ֪ˡΪҹ㡭
ھһЦ˵ǵǲڹأ
㡭˵ʲôں˵˼Ҳˣ
һ죬Щŭؽе
úúã˼Ҳ˵˼Ҳ˵
ھһЦ˵˵ǿŮԷ᲻˻ŮѰ
˭˭Ůˣ

Сӻ߰
ھЦʵˣ㸸ĸʲôİ
һ΢ЦҸǰǻеļԱѾˣҽ
ŶǺǣ
ھЦŵ˵ͷ
ܿģ˾ЩܹԼûԹĲˣզ࣬ĵھǸǮˣȻҲԼôĶ
ҲܿˣԱΪھþ֮ھƱҡ
һͷˮʵʲô
ھһЦһ˵ŶϲʿϰߣǸȦݡеλƷλˣȺƵʱǵôһɹȥˣȻһΣȻƷơһһڵƷ
һ㶣ʵΪʲô
ھⱭƣ˵ΪֻлξƵʱ־ƲܹұرǺþơ㿴㿴㿴㿴ôα͹סˡһұͿͨڱϵЩӺƵƷʣ
𣿡
ȻܳԾ


036 Լ£
ƭģ
ھЦҡεĿΪڡѾҪѾһƿû꣬ʣµѾƵڶȵĻᷢѾƷǳɬԭɡصѾĻ΢ͻֳ޷棬ƺܿͻỵܷװҲֻܱ漸£Ȼͻ޷áŷ˷֣ѾƼһ򣺾ӿһͿԳڱѾơ򡱿ɱͿǴѾƵıӡѾƵļ1487Էɵʽ涨ˣ³ʿɣѾ523ʷˡ
ǣִ˷֣򡱶˵кܰ˺͵СأʵĹַ֣򿪾ƿʱ򣬰ѾƵƱ˹ϵҡΣеġ򡱻ܿػӷĲֺ٣ͲٻΣˡˣ˵ȾǰƾƱþʵһ֡ŶĶ
ɴ۾˵ԭôŵ
ھЦǰڲЩȳԷ˵Ҷˣ
ܲ˵ѧʶʮֵԨģھԴ֮䱾֪ʶޱȵĽܣ˱߳Աģһʱ֮侹ȻЩϧ˼
ܿģ˳˷˵ù֮˲һھȴǺƽظʡ
Цڵʲ벻һٷ
˷֮һ˵벻һٷôǮ
ھǺһЦΪ˺Щȵ΢ЦܿҪϰߣҲҪϰ߰ܲˣպôҼȥ
һһ죬˵˭˭Ҫȥ治֪ߣ
ھһЦ˵߲ȥҲ㡣֪ԸⲻԸٸȥط
һ㶣ʵҪȥ
ھ΢΢һЦָָǰ˵ʱȱܣ㿴ղųԷʱҵ°ҵῪˣҾʹȥɣ
ǰһȻǰһոµɫͣʱסˡ
֣𶫳֣йݣȫԼǱҵðٻϡװЬñ鱦ʯεȣ ĿƷǺų"ս"Ĵ֮ء
ҵչܿ죬ϿڱֱУֻҸɭȻͷܶˮһ㣬絽ÿֵ˿Ͷ˴ΡѾӵҵ¥ܶеĴ̳רꡣǹҵĴ͹ﳡƷơֺ֮ءִϢƷλ߱׼Ĺʻҵ֣뷨ֽΪѺý֣ʹĹʵλߡٻ¥ꡢҫá¥ŮӰٻ̵ꡢ˹ִá¶гʢͬ͡˳ ȫ۵¡ٲҩ깹810ʮִҵ֡
ױīھʱǴĹܼȺָ˸޺Ƶķ̵꣬Щԥ˵ǸھĶ˵ܹģƷѲðɣ
ھЦ֣΢Цʲôõģѵ㿴ǰģܴ鱦꣬ǽȥҸÿΣ
ھ˵ţ߽鱦ꡣ
ܴ鱦鱦ʱڱĵװεȻʮָֺŮԵʯȵƯĹ̨һһչʾǮɾ͹ˡ
һıʯŮ˿ʯӦеĿ⡣ھˣЦ󷽵˵ҪΪʡǮúõѡúõ
ЩãȻص˵ͷܿģĿۼһʮĺ챦ʯϣǿϵıʯ󣬶״ɫʹڵƹҫ»˸źɫĹâıʯʱ䲻סˡ
ھˣһЦǵԱ˵챦ʯǮ
ǵԱСӪҵʣʱȻﲻΪھֱʯ˵ãǱƷ鱦ҵ죬۸ʮң
ʲô
ûŵҪʮ򣿡
ԱˣһЦû˵ֱ۸ŵ֪٣ͼֲˡ
ھȴüͷûһ£ԵԱ˵óˣ
ԱһһסھھҪ̫ˣʮ򰡣
ʲô󲻹󣿱㣬ʮ㲻ʲôС㣬óˣ
ھ΢΢Ц
¿ɰЩԱʲˣǰŮ֪ô߸˧һӾʮʯ̵ģԼôôõˣ
ˢ֮ö챦ʯ͹ھСھ΢ЦŽʯĲϡʯŮȻޣھŴʱ˫ǺЦ
ʱбС¹ֱֳ˺ΣʱľãԼ˺ˡ
Ȼھǰרһѵ·ЬӣЩƽֻܹƣʱԼһʱ֮䣬Ȼ·һ㡣


037 ʧ
סһͨԢʱھСŶ¥ڣھڵϣһ˵ˣЩ
ھЦɳϣ˵Щİ㲻ϲ𣿡
˸˵Ȼϲãζû뵽Ȼô·ΣҺϲ
ھһЦһ·˵ٺٺ٣ϲͺã׻˵ӢۣЩöֻŮˣ·ҿ𣿡
һ̶˵ڻ𣿡
ھ΢Ц·ҼǵӦһװ뿴㴩ô𣿡
ǺðɣҴ
˵ţ·ת˷䡣
һ˳ھʱʱסˡ
ܲ˵װĺɫǰɫŮʽڳɫ洩ŵǷۺɫĶȹŰɫ˿࣬Ʒװ˵չֳĳݣƷջھһӾͱ
ʱЩؿھ˵ôھÿ𣿡
ھЦվס֣ǳǾŮˣ㣬Ҹе
ֱھסеһӿϲֳΣͷھ˼ң˼һẦߵġ
ھ֣ļϣͷյǰһЦ˵Ұ㣬ұκ˶㣬Ҳڿ㣬˵ʵ
ţǶĴ۾ھ̲סͷȥסü

ܵھȻ¶ɬŤһ£Լ˫ֵھǰھҪҪ
˵˻֮ʱģˣھȻ֪ⲻǹ̬˫ۻסһѱҰ㣬Ҫܾң𣿡
˵ţھţ̤߽ҡ
֮ڣʱֽ֣ץסھ·ҲҶھڴϣȻѹϣĶͷĺ촽

ھţдߣǴŮ֮⻹ĳǰʱھĴ˱Ūĺ촽Ըе̴ڱƣͷ׵عĿУ޴ɱܣɵؾͱھͷס佻һ𣬶ʱҲȫ֣ʼɬӭھĽ
ŮڴϿʼܽӴһ·ڶ˵ȵбܿ죬ھȫˡ
ھѪڣǲۿ˵壬ӣ޳ȣԲΣںڷ۵Ůʥء
ھٺЦЦʩչԼֵĵַһ塣ʱھĴϹѾޱˣŪܿȫ
ھʼˮˣڲ룬ֿĴȣľڶ׼Ƿ֮أһ

ĴŮ֮˲䱻ھ̴ˣסھھеۡ
šһġ
ھ˵ţգʼ˶
ھĴϹǸǵģھĶ£ڳʹ֮󣬳УھĽϼָ߷壬˴δйļ֣Ů֮гٲѡ
ѽࡡ顭͡ˬˡþѽ
ھ壬Ūˬޱȣ͵ߣҷڣ˫ץԼӺش񰴡
ھĳԽӿҰˣһƥֵҰͻأھͷضסĻģҵĥ
һĥһֱļϣ˽гҪˡ
ɵˮһȥСסǸ׼Լſڣһ̧Σþȫݺݵһֻ̡һߴ糤ֱûܲסĶǵУʼ˷İڶС١ҰھΧĥĥٺݺݵĥ
ĥƨɵ䣬ھԵظܵͷһĻײȥʱͷɢ㺹죬ζŰ׻λεӣھһֻĸʨ£ÿһ䣬һھҲŬͦƨɣӭսԽԽѹͳ
Ҫˡࡡ̫ˡ
ھĹͷĻģһĻھֻϵļһ鴤ŵĽ¶УĻ󿪣һɳҵŶһμš
һھĶǸϣĴɢĽ˵ھǰૺ

˼˰СʱھڵҪھҲ˶壬һڡ
šھô氡
ϢҪǻô찡
ܵĻỳУϾ֮ǶҵвõӰ졣
ھǺһЦڴϣ§ӣһ£˵ˣ
ھǲ׵ģһµòҲϣԼһӣԶ¶Ǵġ
ھ˼ҡ˼ڶˡԺ˼ô찡
鷿ھؿϣεε˵
ھĴֻѩΣԺҵŮ˰ɣұ֤Ϊǡң㲻κ顭
ԭʷϣΪձھͲԼһҪıˣŮעҸģ
šھ˼ڷ벻ˡҲܳΪӡҲϣһӸһΪŮ𣿡
ҲָȾˣʱȫ֪ԣֻ˵
ھΪж΢Цһһչ㡭ٸһΰɡ
ھ˵ţٴΰѹ£ٴν塭
ھôš


038 ٹ·ϵġš
ڶϣھ뿪˵ļңȥϷ
뿪Һȴ¥²ԶһˣǱˣǻĳӨ
Өʱīھһժī˵ܣô
Өȡīʱ¶һ绨ţ̬ӯȴӯյȻδʩ죬ɫȴӨСɵıӣıԶĳü£ӣʵʣˮ㾲ʣԼԼ͸һֵȻǡ֣Ŀǹ룬һ˿ҵķ٣ͬīһʢڶϣڶׯ֮⣬ֶ˼ᡣ
Өһװɫ˿װһֺܽྻİɫûаɫ˶Եøǰϵͻߵĵ׺ΪЩٸǼϥ˿ȹ¶ϥ˫ԲСȣһ˫۰ɫϸ߸ЬƵ168ֵĸԵ޳֮ܶǸΪ֮Ѫӿ
ھǰľɫˣ鲻ԽĲ㱵ĻþӨ羵ˮ£ĲʵǰҲͬԶˮ֮䣬ߴ͸ȵھϸЩȥʱȴ΢΢ʹĸоòջĿ⣬˵ŮˮģھȴöŮɵģƮ롣
ӨӨҺ͵Ҫһ𿪳ȥ飡
ھЦ
Ө˵ҲҪȥ飡
˵һھĳȥ𣿡
Өһԥһ£˵ðɡ
˳ԼҪһԳӨ˵ӨӨڳӵĺϣھɣ
ŶǺðɣ
ӨЩһۣ˫˿סĴȣھıϡ
ʻ˸ٹ·ڳӨԱߣϣɢʱھж֣ҸˣѽˣСֵѾ̧ͷˡٺ٣
֮ھǸһӨƺ£һ·ǳĬֻеھ˵黰ʱ򣬳ӨŻӵĿһȻ̾һ
ԭӨҲھָȾʱͰھˡ
Լʮ֮ھ̲סʼλٸˡ
ӨӨôƯΪʲôЦЦأҼƯļŵŮ֮һݵ죬ضֱζʹĿɰ飬ϧ԰Ρҽҵһͷϣ򸴺󣿡
ܣˣû˵ôã
Өһ죬ͷ
ӨӨ֪ҾãһúðġİɣһģҲǩԼҵĹ˾ˣҵְԱһúġ
ھЦţóָ
ܣлл㡭š
Өʱеһж̲סн˾Өˮ
ӨӨҪˡģһú㡭
ھᣬ֪ǱԼָĻжˣ׳룬ɫĽַ㱳ϣԼĻУһ񱳣һο
лл㣬ھ
ӨھĻУճϢԼǰĦо̲סһҲӿһ˿ĺΡ
ӨӨǺѣǾһˣôҽӨӨҲҪٽܣԺֱӳƺΪھòã
ڡھ
ӨŤŤĺ֮󣬶ʱо࣬ɬӿΣˡһǰƺûע⵽Լӣ΢΢һ
ӨϽĵӣʱھסˣ￴Ͻ޵ı飬˻شĻ¶ɫɫ
ھҪԼ̵ӣӨӺԼʱůĻУܵһԭεʱ˾һüγѪ
ӨӨھ̲ˮˣ
һ˵ţھһ߲ĿųӨ
ھڲĴԼӨһŵָƵɵ΢΢һ죬ھ㲻Ҫ˼ңһܲ˵ģ
ٺ٣˼˭ӨӨôԸأ
ֻӨȹӰ֮µķ˵ԵΣһεҡǳ⣬ھɵİһڿˮ֮£ھСֵ̲סٴ̧ͷ
ھºҪӰ쵤ܺʲô飬ܿóӡУĿ﷢ʲô
ˣˡ
شһ
ھٺһЦȻһѽӨס˵ӨӨϲ㡭ҵŮ˰ɣ
šھ㡭
Өһ𣬴еԣǸٹ·ôܡ
ǻûŮӦ·ͱھھƿ֣ٽȹĿţԼĿӡ
ӨָȾȫʧǣ΢£Ͷˡ

ܿģӨŮһ˵Ѫ˳ӵϣȾ档
ӨĽŴŮĤѶһȫ˫ְѳӽһ𣬷Ըжк촽΢΢ſƴҧסԼһسĵüһʹƴĿһ¾Ͳ˳вʱһƵĺ޳צһļסھʹ
ʹ֪꣬ԼѾԶʧȥ˴Ů֮
Щʹǿҵٴ̼ӨŵĲҡͷĳƮڣһж̫ˣЩʹü΢壬ҧκ죬ߺƻ֪ԼѾǴŮˣѨͻȻ˺һ㣬о·һľ׮شԼĴѨ棬ӨһȻ˹ȥ
ʱھһг˱̬УȸԾ֣Žг嶯ϸѾԼռеĻԵŮĽ̬
ھԽԽ˷ܣ̲סŻԵĳӨ˵ۣýû뵽ôȻŴ֮СѨȻôʵ̫ˣӽ쿪ʼרҵŮˣ
ţھʹǰһͦٴδ֨һִֻѾȫ˳ӨʪխѨھǴִǰ׺ĹͷѪֱײӨӹȥ

һҵİھĿ´ŮӨҵʹΣҲҵʹѡ
˰
ھ˷ܵʵ
ʹʹҪ԰
°ҵʹоóӨѩ׽ٴε㺹죬Өҡͷں㷢ҷţһŸ߹޵İ¶ʹı飬ʼؿš
ģһһ¾Ͳôʹˡ
ھЦ˵
Ҫ㡭һ
ڱھֱִ룬ʹóӨͷſ˺촽С췢ʹεİ
ĳӨʮûԼѨǴ٣ȴضȥˡ
ʱھųӨֽխѨȫסԼִҸоůʪ󣬽۶ѨڣԼִֻ
ǰٱĽŮҪŮο죬ھ棬ʵʵڵؽӨռΪˣ
һ뵽ھϲõЦ˳ִͬʱʼڳӨѨˡ
ģӨȻԾɸеЩʹʼǵУȻеԼĶҪһ㣬ض˵ĵԡĻˮޱȵԣҿʼؽھޱȴִȵСֵӭ˴ŮѨ
ھоӨϸ΢ת䣬̲סһЦһ۳ӨüҸֳ飬ͻȻͦµļٴӨӹݺݵһ壬ֱӶѨֱδ˴ĻģСֵʵ̫ˣмֻ档
Ө֭ⴽסСֵܵÿһ֣ÿһ綼ۻںͻʪ妵ճĤغסȻİĽСѨڡ
Ҫʹ
ȻӨѨǿھִҵؼ޾ʹУʹóӨٴηذš
ھǰԼ۳ҼԦĳӨпϲ֣һλ߹ԸеòŮǣѱȫ㺹ˣǰ㻬ĽѱˮմȾˣһ˫ͦĽ飬ھִĳ֮²ͣؼҡţһھִֻڳӨѨġ֨֨죬ԼӨధǰһУھΪ˷ܣþȫȥӨĽ
Ө֧ŵһ˿ǣʱɢĻͿУʹӨ𽥵˺Ѵʹ࣬ӨھԼ֮£ѿˡ
ĹжʱĳӨһͦҪ׷ѰͷƵģһˮʱ˳ȴھ׼Ŀز룬ˮһƻĹȣػеķģζĳӨ
˵ھֱֱĳ壬ֻʱ£ȫûʲô𣬳ӨֻڵĿӿҲ޷ƣһĹŪζȴвͬͺԼǷ˵ĺѰ峹ϴһذ㣬ֻÿһ±ʱĿ֣ǿҵö࣬һʱжˡ
ھ޶ȣʻڸٹ·ϵϣͳӨˡ𡱳Өߴ𣬰ưͣԼӾ׸ھխĳ齻ɪг
ǰ濪ĶȻͨ죬ǲ֪ΪʲôܺƽĿʻ˻顭


039 ɵŮ
תۼ䣬·ݣʱھϴ籭ļƻѾϣ籭ھһӻǧԪʲǧԪ
ھڻ֮ҲԼʲǹ磬ʾԼ׸ǧڴ࣡
һʱ𾪣˵Ȼ׸һǧڴ࣡
ĸ˹ʱ׸ӱȶǴͬѧһӱھⲻΪ֮Ŀһ£ھʱŹܲô࣬2ɱˣúϢһ£ⲻʹԼװĸŮݣȥȥˣ
һ͵˽˷ɻʱϣھʱǮˣȻҪ˽˷ɻ
ʱڰڣСѾͷŷɻϾԼھˣڿսûھķԸǲܽģʮСѾͷʶЩʱеޡ
ɵܷɻƯ
ɵ⻹˼ҵһ˵ķɻ
ɵ˼Һϲ
һɵеھǽһ飬ٺһЦ§סŮӣ˵СݰֻҪúøŸɵɵ֤Ժķɻ
ɵ̫ˡ
СѾͷ˵ţסھԴһ¡
š
ھһãڿСѾͷʼƷζǰŮ
һеͱʹ˲ұӵ棬͸һ˵ľֻ۾ĺˮ΢Ĵ£ʱˮģƮôһۣҪ˸е굴ǡ
ƣ޲ܹȥһڽ¶ȥɫ֬ӳѩԣһɫĽ¿һɫ˿磬¶Σ˵СظԼڱںزšְʾ֮ɢ˵˵ֻҪûȱݵˣûܲɫģĹԣּ˵ĶԱȣʹ𲻹һУׯ
˵޷ݣһۣھҪ˵ֻų¶ȹ͸ͦ˫ϵСӣҲų£ʱ֮ϴһӺݻ΢ЦԴм֣Ѫ
ھٺһЦ˫֣ŮϸСУϸỬļһֺһĸо
š
ݳһ˵ɵʲô
ھ𣬶ǵͷݵСҵǺھ̧ݵţԼµϥϣʼ⿪Ьۡӽ⿪ˣϸϸЬӿгݵһֻͰչھǰܿ죬ھҽŵЬҲȻ˫Өϸϸ͡һ˫һ̫࣬һ̫٣۷ɫ״㣬ھ̲סʳ
ɵʲôԡ
̲ס벻ھȻôҲ
ݣŪھݵĳ£˫ָĦݽȡھڹ⻬ƤԽԽϣһֱ쵽ݵȹţܿʹ˴ȸȹʵںխھòһֻͬʱһֻڿıԵָ쵽֮䡣
ɵ
ݽޱȣŤԼӣȴҲѲ˸ɵģǸСʲôҲʱҲӲ֪εֿھһ¡ɽһĲƺǸŮͿɰëھɵЦһֻ־ϿĵһֻȲȥݳµ¿ۡ
ɵ
ͼֹھ
Сݣɵ뿴ӡˡ
ھݵС֣ȻʼȥµĿӡݵķɫֵſ۵Ķׯʽھһͽ⿪һӣȻϵĽȥťһıɿӨĹ⻬¶ھȲĽµֿڿԼ˼ҹ˽
ݵĳ棬һƬ⻬ϸıѩʱ̻¶˳ֻһɫС¶˳ظϸ׵ļ붼¶ھС
ھƽݹƽ̹ĸһǳǳĻԲĶ۶Ƕƽ̹Ử覵СϣļͬһľӨס
ɵˣ
ߺͼֹھ
ھཡһڿˮ˫ϸܿҵ˶ȹһťۺλãھͣɿťۣȻ֨ݵĶȹҲɿˡ
ɵС԰˼
ݲЩˣֹھ
ʱھѾŵ޳˫ϡ
ھͣظţϽȻھֱӴ⻬ļӵļھ߿ھݵ˫ףСϵЬӣķڵϡ˫ڰɫУһʣһջһģھ̲ס
ھ˫İݵĶȹʹݵȫ¶Ȼŵ˫ϻȥھֻ޳Ĵȡ΢¡ĻϸԲߡھָһֱС΢΢סԵţھıԵȥھָĶɫŴӰϱһֱϸ״֬һӨ׵˫ǺھСھһŵȫݵѩ£䵽߸ЬԱߡȻھſݵϣԵȡ
ɵô˼ԣš
ü壬֪ôźãֻ֪ɵһڸʲô˵顣
ŮɵϷ¡
ھ޳ܣݵڳ˸ԵƣץǼµĺ콫ϣٰѩ˫۴Ͳгݵֻʣ˰ɫ¡¶һԣھץźɫȹԲβһֱϣȻǣӨĽȫ¶˳ǰɫºͰɫĵǿ㣬ѩ׵ԵôĿͻ
ݵĳ£һƬѣĿѩУһɫסĽ˫ھǰֵ̺죬ʰͷһ˫£һƬѣҫ۵ѩ񼡣һʰСһ׵¶͹µĶչţѩ׵ı۰޳˫ȾôķţҲʵķŷھһ˵ĸоκ˶ô塣
ھתؿšС塱׵ü˫Ŀ󣬱֬ӣ΢ϸ¶ϸ㷢ڼˮ˫ɬƺЩϲõĻâŴŵʡǱİ͸ıģ޵ģĳ˽ϸߡ޹ǵɼ壻עĿģǶ΢΢Ů壬˿θͦţΣv˺϶ȵĽ嶥ٷ۷۵ģδ͹δ͹ݏȴԵĒժ㣬ۺ׹󼡷ĳ֮£ˡ
ԸоھƣҲֻǺߣûк£ΪʱദھɵܺãʶھĶãԴʱھôҲֻһ죬ɵ˼ѳ
СݣҵĺŮɵֻҵıŮϵϷѡ
ھ˵ţ̽ݵڿ㣬ḧŪݴĳëƵɼȵ飬΢΢һھḧм䰼죬ĥ˽˻԰ĳʪ
ɵ˼ôôܡˡš
ɬ˵
Сݱ£Ӧ
ھ˵ţָƵ춥ˣһ춹СͻᲦŪȫһ
ɵ˼һֱΪ˾ӣû뵽㡭Ȼ۸˼ҡš
Сݣԭңʵ̫ˣϲ㣬ϲϵ崿סޥĵʣɵİ㵱ҵŮֻһ˽ҵĸŮѡ
ɵһҪ۸𣿡
ݳ˵˵ⲻ۸Ůɵѡ
šɵȻô˵˼ҾʹӦ㡭㵽ۣҪʲôҪʲôǵȻҪҲ
һЦ۾һξժĶģھܵ۹ȥ󲿷ݶ¶˵ݣǰغڿ㣬һ⻬׵ļĿ߸¶š
ھ̾ѣǾɫ
ɫĸǿ˵ͨ͸ƺܿ΢΢¡ķɫԲ˵СӣҶϣֳŮǿ¡ŮءĲλֱ˼ļƷ
ھѪ˿˫ۣĶѩװ㣬縡͹塣ȳϣ󲿷ݵļѾ¶ˣɫ¿ͬʵǰغβϣһ˿ҸɿŵԾ¶ջԸҫ۵ļչʾڡ
ھ§סݣŻžɫСݣһߡҼĿ˽̬ɵھɫĴ󶯡
ھһְֻס˽Ůͦ飬ֵֻĴŮӯӯһգһܸ࣬оޱۻɬĴŮ١
š
һɬĽߣݷһݏһ˲ʱһëӴŮеķķһһ顣ּô󻹴ĩй˸Լοھһ崿Ůеʥཷ飬Ȼһıġ
ھĶวʥĻǡ崿ľɫŮھ÷类彿׹ݽߺ죬Σ£֪ΪʲôԼ
ĴŮֻھԼСɼͦŭϵá
ɵĺû
崿ഺŮݷһƬң֪ʱʼǿҶĩй֮СĴŮһ˫Өѩסֽ֬޳ѩаĵָΪץץסԼʥᱡĴ֣һ
ھḧĦݵļֵŮϸۣھĦݽ˻֯ϸȥһڿƽŮСǽӯӯĴŮھĸִָذסݽȡ˵ĴŮ񹵡ھȴֱִָӰǽŶеĻѩʱһűĴŮġ顱ֱҪǻһ
ھϵġѾ崿ŮھĴһ·¸ݵʱɵס֡
һᡢȵ㴭̲סһŵֱ
ʶղԼӣСڵһĴ⵴ʱŮֲɵýߺ죬ΣĽ㡣ʱֻаֿʼģֺĻš
ߣǿҵĴ̼áֽţһ˫ѩСֽŵץסֻʥС߻Ϸ֣һҲҶòɫŮһ崿۵ĴŮһƬհף֪ںδ
ھ͵񡢒ĶءŻ߳ǧġ崿˵ഺŮھָֻ꣬ͷһͣ캬סݵ飬ᱡıҵһͦġ١ͷ򡢲һżͦġʥŮ塱ھʪھһᱡֱݡŪƶˣƮƮģֱͦĽϸ㡢šš
ǿҵֱ̼ȫÿһѩֱ͸ģ͸
ǿҵ̼£ӹоһΣ޳˫һŵĽֱһճĻҺ岻شġӿֱŮʪŮ
һ޸ϣλ֧֣һŬдøĺıг֮ʢУ
˳˵һ䣬½㲻뿴ϼͶģ뿴ǾͲҪģֻĺϼ½ھͿ˱˵qqQQ3705714


040 չTVB
ݱھŪóˮھȻЩ᲻СѾͷҲŪˣϾݻСʮ꣬ժ컨ھó
ùݵ·ãٰװĸŮڻЦСݣղŸоô治
ߺͷɵ˼ҷû˼ҵĶŪáŪášǸ
ǺǣСݣɵ֪ղˡɣȥۣɵȥõ̵öõ԰ˣ˵òã
ððɵ˼Ұˡ
һ⻰ܸˣסھһ¡
ھĹЦʱףǰЩνĸΪʲôôϲϸŮʵһܰ
תۼ䣬͵ۡ
ھ֮󣬵һ¾Լ´ݵȥЩ¶ķԿɿ
ڶ£ȥ¹죬ھ۳һҪչTVB
۵ӹ㲥޹˾ߵӣTVB19671119ʽȫ׼Ӫߵ̨ߵӵҪҵӹ㲥Ŀйع㲥ĻĿ¼Ӱķмǹ㲥ȡƵ̨̨ߵĴ˰ͭϣҵɶԱТӰࡱֵܵӰ˾ϯݷʿˣϯТ͵Ρ
1968һӾ缯ζ졷ܻӭͨΪ۹תһİƥ˶ᡣ1969ת״ε½Ŀǰ׳١1971꡶ֽΪȫ۵һɫĿͬ꣬ߵԱѵԲõء1973ٰ׽С㾺ѡ
1980꣬Тʹʱݷ򵱻ϣѸTVBƱճɹTVBΪߵһɶʵʿˡ
TVBݷ쵼£ʢ׳һĴǣ󷢣ΰδﻪǳۣʫȫȥġ˵ݷߵ춨˻ȦĽɽݷ˵ǻȦġǧһۡʱ֮ھͺųڵܲˮӳǣ
TVB19691119ʽ̨ʱܲλٽĵĵ㲥77ţ۵̨ҵ̨޵̨ͼյ̨ۣ˴Ҳ̨ɽ̨ɽطޣһߵֻܼܲ۵̨һСɽУֻܲһ¥ܳΪӳǡTVBߡʮ̨ɽѾԶԶҪ1988꣬ߵ˵ҵλڴеõأˮӳǡˮӳݷҵ¹˾Ӿĳأ11¼Ӱ(Ӱ)6500ƽס
ھ֪ǰߵӼԭеˮʩӦã1998꿪ʼﻮ˽ܲ19994ʵˮӳǨ뽫Ĺҵߗ200038վжʽͶʶ2200ڸԪ1995꣬ӳǵַ߲弶߲ջ٣ԭַؽĿǰˮӳѾֹͣʹãٲжסլõء 2003921գһᵽӹ㲥ǵĲšߵŲǨӳǺˮӳǲʽʷ
ʱھĿķǳļ򵥣Ǿϣܹչߣ
ھһֱϣԼƿصѶܹҵӵ󣬶ҪӵǿԴӰ϶УҪӣӲյչһҵ̨ǱҪ飡½ĵ̨ǹУǱǹҿƣҪԼƺѣԼǴ½ϯĺҲһھͽĿŵۣʷƾTVBΪھεĿ꣬ݷ̸С
ܲ˳չߣھûаգϾ̨˼һִ죬һĺӣȻھҲھȴôϾǺݷġ
ھ֮ǰѾTVBϵˣԴʱTVBſ˽ӴǱˣĺ֪ݻھݻȴɫǺܺÿҲȻݻһֱϣԼԼ̳ĻҵִߣԼȴչߣȻ뷨ǴԣҲѹԼûкɫھѡӣϾҪ
ݻھݷİ칫ңȥ֮ھ˿칫ҵʽװεĲɳʲôĶǹɫ㣬ӦЩͷģǽϹżɽˮֻϰŹʽߣݷװɳϺȲ裬칫Һһɹŵζ֮Щװεĺޱȡ񱩷ӵİ칫ңݷİ칫ҵǸƷλĶࡣ
壡
ھܿضݷһǺǣ׸ھɣȻΪ
ݷǺһЦ˵λǡ
ھ˵ҵȻͨ绰ġ
ã
˵
ţã
ھ֮󣬺ܿģϲˮݻҲݷ
壬ǵ֮ǰ͸˵ˡ
ھ˵ϣ̸ңǮԺ
⻰˵ģûǮ𣿡
ݻЦ
ݻ˵
ݷŷݻ˻֣ſھ˵ھݻʵ˵ûǮջңΪҲȱǮ֪ʲôҪҰ㣿
ھ֪ܲ˵ݷ̣Ϳ˵ˣ˵ƾϣΪһõļ̳ˣϣ߿ǿ
һݻɫһ䣬ݷȴɫȻ˵˵˵
ھ˵壬ԼҸҲʮˣӴ߿ʼǴɶ߾͵ĶŮȻȻӲʣĶŮԸߣϣҵһʵļ̳ˣ̳ݻҵԷ󣡡
ھ⻰˵ĲûиݣǰʱݷΪҵߵ˲ţԸߵļѹѹ˵ʱѾҵˣŮͺӣԸ⿴ԼĺԼ˸壬ǮҲҪһмҡ
ݷ꣬һ㶣̶ؿһھ˵⻰ǳǻûлشҵ⣡ϣִߣȫ԰׽ˣ磬ݻΪʲôһҪأ
ݻˣһϲ
ƾңô½޷ſ۵ĵгTVB̽뵽½ÿһͥĵ
ھһЦ˵
ݷʱסˣݻҲסˣΪģھ̫ⷬˡ
ʵ꣬ݷTVBפ½˼û˹۱Ͼǵ֮أܹˣ½ȴʮ˿ڵĴTVBܽ½ǾԻ޴棡
Ҫ֪Ĵ½Ÿոոĸ￪ʮ꣬У½ŸոջۣҪڴ½õӽĿʮڴ½˵ĵϲҪߺܳ·ھȻ˵ϿֱǸջ
ܲھƾʲô㣿
ݷع˵
ھһЦ˵ҵȻ֤
˵ţھ˻֣ϵĹİȡļ
ھļݸݷ˵壬һǴ½ϯǩTVB½ļйչ֮һҪеǾзɱϵģð˰ɣ
ھյϽǩļݷͷݻļһۣ֪Щļû⡣
ݷ̾һʱĶˣԼϾѾǾʮˣ䣬ܶ˶ѾˣԼҲ֪ܹӲ߼꣬ҲʱΪҸõļ̳ˣھȻʺϣΪģҪ֪߽½гǼֱĺôΪߣܾܾˣ˵ˣҿҲûκ⣬պȻ˵ˣãҴӦ㣬ҿ̸㣡
ھһϲݻȴɫһ䡣
£ӷݻʼҪԶǮļ۸չߣ̸ףʮڸ۱ҵĸ߼ۣھʽߡ
֮ھ˾ˣǩԼʽҪѡӣټýǣǩĹأ
ھߺݷһ˵ķݻ̾һ˵ʲô˵ɡ
ݻһֻۣ֪ΪʲôΪʲôҪ
ݷ̾ʼշŲеȨ𣿡
ݻ˵ҷŲ£̫ˡѵ˵Ҿ治ƹߵȨ𣿡
ݷ򣺡㻹ҵ𣿡
ݻʲô
ݷ򣺡ҼһʮˣΪʲôҪأʲôأ
ݻû㲻˽ҡ
ݷ򣺡һʮ꣬ܲ˽㣿ݻΪ𣿡
ݻסˣѵ𣿡
ݷ̾˿ҲĪҪˣֻܸ㣬̵ʮڣд󲿷ֶģҾԲˡ
ݻ
֪˳
һ޸ϣλ֧֣һŬдøĺıг֮ʢУ
˳˵һ䣬½㲻뿴ϼͶģ뿴ǾͲҪģֻĺϼ½ھͿ˱˵qqQQ3705714


041 ǩԼʽȺǻ㼯
TVBȦһʱһԻ͵ʱÿУTVBʷƾãѾʮʷĵ̨ϰǺиġ
죬TVBݷ쵼£ڻˣۣһ¶
ұֽ׷׿Ǵ¡
ձߵӣŻȦŮǵĵ̨Ϊ½׸Ѷֹ˾ϰھǲѿȦһִˣ
TVBе괾ӵĻ䣬ֵ۹ڻµˣ׸㽭Ȧ񳯡
婽ձ֪ߵ̨һʷƾõĵ̨ݷִ伸ʮ꣬ã׸ΪµTVBʵۣȦƣ
ڽ죬۰뵺Ƶ꣬׸ھһᣬΪҪݷǩתߵĺͬˣΪˣھ߸߲㡢߸ŮԱԼ۵ݡԱǣǰμⳡԼǩԼߵʢ£
ھΪ׸Ĺϵֺõúܣۻعй֮ټϴ½ȦǿЩȦǿǶ֪δ½ǷչҪսԶھ½ִǰҲС
ȦйԻͣνĻԻͣȴǵӰƱܹǧ㾭ӰΪʲôҪ٣ˣƱܹǧͲˣ
Ǵ½أʲôȱǲȱˣڴ½ĸ֮ͨ˶ܿӰˣȦҪ½Ѿǲʵˣ
˴ǵʵڲ٣塢ưˡΰȣԱеİ󷢡»ǳۡΰδﻪȣŮй֮աԬӽǡٷҡͮȣ⣬Ѿ˵ŮԱϼ֥ЩŮҲǰ⣬TVBˣеҫ顢ֱл컪֣ʡŮʫлѩĵȡ
뵺ƵĴѾ˸ɫʳʽɳɣƣʽˮɫõ裬Ϻɳ̩ʽɳձ˾߲ɳҬӻţ͹ɹݮ֥ʿ⣬ɿţţˮ±Ũʽ̢ɫˮƴ̵ȵĿξƷ
еβŮĺƣ̸Ц磬ǻ߹󣬾Ϲʱ⡣
ʱڳŮǣвٶھ½ִеȤҪ֪ЩŮǶϣܹӺ죬ܰھôǾԶպ;ԴкôЩŮȫԺúô磬ϣܹλµִࡣ
ʱⳡϣһЩִҲǰˣайǵϰǿӢʹ˾Ĵܳɡ
ʱǿںԼܳ˵˶ǺڵƽˣʱǰμᣬͿʼ̸ˡ
ǿ˵ھչTVBȦô
ܳźʵ
ǿ˵˵ھ½ϵܺãǧڴ࣬۵гѾˣĿ겻ۣܳҲ֪½ڵӰ˺ϸ񣬵ڴ½߲ˣô޺ġ
Ҳ˵ҪǸھ
ܳ˵
ܳɣѵ㲻ôģ
ǿЦ
ܳɵʱ¶ֺǸ΢Ц뿴ύھǱزٵġ
ڸνãܳȻİ취ھôᣬŮɫϿ϶ûʲôѳ֣ԼӢеŮҪύСӻװ
ܳɴΪû˲ɫھѪյ꣬ɫŮ֤ܳɹߣ
ܿģǩԼʽʼˣݷ̨
һ´ʵݽǩԼʽʼˣھݷԴ˫ʦߵǰͬǩԼĴȻ˫˺ͬ
ֵһɲǣļ߾þ˸мʷԵһĻ
Ȼھ˻Ͳʼݽ죬ллǰμⳡǩԼʽTVBҵУһƾʷԻͳɾ͵ľ޴۹ڳÿһλڣŵӵ۹ĸ飬ܹΪˣұؽṼĺúùúþӪͬʱҲϣڳĸλԺ֧֣񰮣һΪӰ̳Ϊ޵ҵ׳ǵ¡Ŭллң
˼ơ
ھֺǺһЦ˵ڣҿʼ裬Զһʼ񻶰ɣллң
һ֮ھ̨


042 ۵һŮ֮
ʱƵ￪ʼһᣬвŮǶϣܺھΪ飬ھܿѡһŮǸŮǱˣ۵һŮ֮գ
֮ԭؼһ,С۵һŮ֮ơѪʱͱ СˡϷΪ ´ޡڶСѧʱͬѧǰ ƯСڶѧʱġУ϶ϡ1962924ճۣŮѧУͶҵŵԺ֮С۵һŮ֮ƣݹಿӰӾƷʱͱ尢̳СˡеϷΪ ´ޡĹ֮Ѿʮ꣬ΪõʮŮһ㣬ʱĺɫǵصģڵ֣ĺԲԲڰڣ޳ԲΣ츾ʣھŮˣϲֳŮȻǰŮйˣƹ򣬵ھȴܸȤ
ھʱѾѼ߶ˣҲգߵ˹֮ߣ΢Ц֣˵С㣬λ۵һŮ֪ĳûʸһ
֮û뵽ھȻҪ裬һ£˵ܲϣ
СżˣҲҵŮҲഺ޵УɱһŮ
ھЦ
ÿŮ˶ϲ˿֮Ҳ⣬ھĻ֮ʮָˣԼ֣ھһھ§סش˵Ҳ裬Сܽ𣿡
֮ھĿӣ̴һЦ˵Ȼû⣬ɣ
˰ɲأ衣
Ա߼ûھеŮǲƣ׷׿ʼۡ
ܸҪѡ֮ǸŮ˰
ǰ۵һŮڱϾˣƯ𣿡
ǣҲǵġ
ЩСǵۣھ§Ź֮գһ貽һŹ֮Ըޱȵò֮治۵һŮ֮˿٣ټǹŮϢʱ˿֮鹵ھǰȥھǣܲѡ
֮赱УоھɫԵضԼزвȻǰ꣬ȦĴϰ壬ԼʮŮ˵ɫˣкܸˣ뿴ҵڣпɶԼˡ
֮Ȧǳķŵϲ͸ָύѾʮŮˣȦȻų۵һŮʵǸƿԱԷʮ˵Ѿǽɫ˥ˣ;ѾˣӰ籾ӲҲͰˣƫƫЩҲԼ۵һŮˣⲻù֮ޱơ
ȦʵĵӰƬ׬ǮģĹ棬ǲ׬Ǯûй㣬Ǿͺܱˡ
ԣ֮Ҫ·
ھ˳·
֮ȦҲԼȻ֪ھ˲׸ҸĹϵܺãܺߣԶ;һ¶
ʱھɫ֮վ;˳ƶˣ
𣿡
֮յỬھĺ󱳣֮¶֮ɫ˵ӣһ槼
ھ֮ջŮ˼ӵʱһǺһЦ˵С۵һŮôܲأǼֱǰ
֮Цʲô۵һŮ˼Ҷˣ۵һŮɡ
ھ˵գȻУС޿ģҼֱ̫ˣ
ѽеôⰡ
֮յЦЦĵ¶˵ɫ˵Ҳˣұͽսɣ𣿡
ð
ھϲ˵ս㣡

֮ЦӦһ
ھ˵ս㣬Ȼô㣬Ҳھɣȵ
ðھԺǾˣ𣿡
֮Ц
ţȻˣȻǺˡ
ھЦܹ۵һŮΪѣҾ÷ǳҡ
˻Ų貽֮յ쵽ھԼھϣǱ飬ǽھϣھԳ˫ֲ£˹֮յϡ
š

ھ͹֮ͬʱһھе޵֮Ǵϸоһ顭
ھȥҼҳԸҹ𣿡
֮պȻ˵սóԵġ¡˿ս֣
£
ھûг̵ģ̫ջˡŮԼҪռвɣ


043 ۵һŮζ
֮סһܲıھŹ֮գܿ
ٺ٣ս㣬ķӿ治㻹ǸŰ
ھӺ󣬿Ź֮յķӣЦ

ֽ֮Լİɳϣ˵ȵھ㰡׸۵ҲȲ㣬𣬾СС֣ҵġ
ھٺһЦɫԵؿŹ֮ŮĽǰװ׵Ĺģ޳ȣԸе֫Լ̵ƨƨһһжĿ˵ս㣬Ҽ˵ŮҺϲ㰡
֮һЦֹסھ򦣬ܾԵĶ˵ôھ㻹벻˼ء
ھٺһЦֹס֮յ֫˵أ
ǺǣҪһˡ
֮һھĻ˵ǵ¥ȥԡ
ھ飬ʶظŹ֮¥
˹֮յңһСͿĴԼʮƽ׵ķ䣬⻹ԡҡھ˿ңȻ˵ս㣬ⷿ͸İɣ
ţô֪
֮һ¡
Ȼ֪
ھٺЦɧˣӣϲ
֮մСıȡƿټӵã߹һƿݸھ˵ھһɣ
ã
ھҲӹƿ˵Ⱦˣ飬ϲ
֮һЦһھƣ˶ôɫ𣿼Ů˾ɣҶʮˣ㶼Ȥ
ھһЦ§ס֮յ˵ս㣬Ǿ仰УԶġ
Ǻǣ⻰Ұ
֮˵ֻ㣬Ҫʲôô
Ҫʲô
ھЦŨ
ҪʲôڱϾˣЩǮϡ
ģһи׬ǮĻġ
ھϵľƣֻҪıֺòء
㻹ʲô
֮Цطϵľƿ§סھ

ھ֮գͳ󴲱ȥ
ھ֮˴ϣȻ˲ѹԼ·ǵصѹȥھʵ˱Ź֮㴽ͷ̽ȥ
һѹס֮գһ߽ıݣ˱Ϣţھǰ̽˿˹֮յĳݷ죬ͷֱ룬Ū⣬˫ѹţܣֻƾŪھͷȲסز֮յ࣬ȻȻۻԼҧϸ£˱Ử⡣
ͬʱھؽ̽ȥֻ֮յСС˿ڿ㸧Բ̵β֮ר˱ھͷ±ʧء

֮ձھǵȫ鲻Խ̧ͷڴü΢룬Ȼ̱ھƾڲ
ŮֻҪ·ҲͰߡԽߣڴʱ̬ȻĶǸˣԣϣλͬǼס
֮պھؿڣſڴ΢¶Ѩڳ鴤ọ̈̄Ūȫ
ھԼ޸ǳֻ֮ĽԼ˫֮£ת鵴ֱ̬ĳɾ͸С
ھͷ֮յۻ֮࣬˫ֹסĲӣ̵ӭӣڿлཻ£֮ھ⸧һȻٽھͷ̽С죬˱⣬ҧϷھ´ھͽԼר˫ڹ֮ʪŢĹĹȴŰܣ֮ԭͱ߳ȪˮŪʪڿҲʵβԵĬʮ㣬һϣһ£һֱ֮մʱɷſ
ھͷ̽⣬ɹ֮Եһ·鷿Բ²£ſ콫ͷ˱ơ֮Լ࣬Բͣ顣֮Ҳܲˣ˫ۼбסھͷԼ鷿ѹھܵѹ֮շز˱֮յݲΪʱšʹ
Ȼʹ֮յ˫Խھͷ᲻÷ſھЪ鹵ͬԲͦ飬ͬʱеٶ֮̽մˮĹȣһס֮յʪһĴһ˷ܳ鴤һȫ͡Ĺ֮ڴϣ˫ɣھ⿪ϰرԷּֿԵֱֱۣ鷿࣬ѾھƵ䣬˿ڿ㻬ʵϥǣѩˣȸϸŨܵķںʪĹŢջǳ
ھɣҪ㣡
֮ͻȻץסھĴŰ
Ҿ֪Ҫģھ֮շתɵĴ棬ڿһȫȻɫ͸ˮ˿ŵ޳ȿڼϣͦ˽ȥ̢ײš
󻵵̫ˣ̫ˣ۰
֮ü˵ھ´׳֮ĹȻı䶯ĥĸӴ׳ǿƵؿԼٳ鶯Ȼ
ھܹݵ˵ս㣬ҲԲҲ㣬ڰ
ھҪγȻʱ֮ջԲ޳ͻȻھߣ󻵵ҪҲ׼γ
սҪôأҪҪҰγ
˵ʱھָо֮츾ļƷѨ˱Ȼ޳ĥҪʵϼѡ
֮ںĴ۾ĵؿھֻǽز˵
ھܹݵò֮գƳȻս뱣ٵĻһǰγˣ
Ҫ
ھȻҪ뿪֮յѨʱֱסھβȻֱѹȥѨܺһ
֮սߴԹؽ󻵵˼ҽҪҪġ˵ˣѾȥˣѵγøβУ
ҸôأսܵĿ֣ˬ쵽㣬ս㣿
ھ֪֮ѾԼòôȷ鵴оĴˮ˳Ȼϵʳ
ھ󻵵Ҫĥ˼𣿡
֮ս鵴סھβֿܷܷʼѹֻͦĥھĴ׳ȻŮìܵĶ˪ȴӻģһȼͬɲһһһʰ
ս㣬ůʪ󰡣
ھٶ˵ҲŹ֮յͦȻѨš

֮ձھױȵȻ鶯ľ޴УھҲ۸ƷѨļĥĬӭŶԷ
ʱ֮ղھѩȿʼսҲ§ھľͷѹ촽ӡԼᴽϣſ콫۵ھĿУھ˱һ󣬹ֽ֮ھĿͷʲŪţĹȻĿʼתͦͬʱսĹȻļĥ˱ھȻھȫĹͷˣ츾츾ζǲһ
ûã֮ͻȻ˫ֱھĲӣĹȻĿٵתͦɫ͸ˮ˿ŵ޳ȽܲסھΣڣۿͦ㣬ھ졪ˣ
ھһߴͣһߵϷҸɵս治
֮ĵ˽еô󣡡ɵ˼Һ㡪ҡ
˵Ź֮ſҧסھĴ̰˱⣬ʹھܵͦȻӭĵĶĥþȫĸѨ֮յĹȻͻȻʼ˱ھȻӹǻҲսҧס˵⹵
˵ֳѾȫںΪһ壬֮ջĴתĥУĸ߳ˣһɹŨ̵ĴˮɻھĹͷϡ
֮սĵؿھ촽³ƾ˱ھû侫̴ԾԾŹ֮գڴս̫£ѩ׵ƤЩ΢ۺ졣ǰŷ۵飬ۺͦٸǽΡ
һƣɾïʢëڹ֮۵ѨԵøԸСʱĹ֮ˮѩ׵ǱйһۺɫףǱеýġ֮յɫɰòɫֵʾ츾ĳ츧ģ֮Ƿ˶ķ飬δ´Ǹ۵鷿Ȼ˳
ھƣԼ°άˮ߰ϸϸС֮µǵشһïܵĺɫ۲ݣʹ˷Ѩһ״õķ˶βͦšھù֮ղδµĴݲж˥ϣǾʱΣһ׿ԼԸ츾ݳ콿ĵŮȲϡѧģο֮ս근ҲֻԼĪʮңʹϸһ̲סҪϢ
ھԼѪǣȼš˫֣ӹ֮յҸ´鷿ţ˷ܲβϣԾţز˽ȥ

֮շһĽл
ھǿĳĻֽھƨ°ҵͦǿҵҪжھھ嵽ףܵͷ뵽ӹǻճĤڣ۽ӹĥţӹпйȹŨС
֮˽ţܲˡ顭鰡
ھٺһЦ˸ƣ֮սӺŹ֮ϸžžײ⣬ѩ׽ͦ鷿Ե÷ѩҵİڶҡ鲨Բϸѩ׵ƨĹĵسﹰţһĶǵߡ
ھ鲻ԽƳǶԷʷԲԲĴƨɺݺ£ؿ˵ѩһζһҫ۵βѩϸ۵ⱻƵĴһƬۺ졣
ҪʹҪˡ
ƨʹĻù֮ʹధš
ĲҪҿϲġ
˵ţǴֲϵĴ֮ʹǽ۵ѩΣû£ѩ׵βϱ˺İӡĴ֮ѩ׵ƨɣѩ׵ƨɱıͨ죬ֻʣµ͵͵ૣȴ治ǿֻʹࡣžž֮ö֮һһ˵βۡ
ھһ߶һ߼ĴѾһƬѩ׵β˵ȻһƨĻͱֻֽоһһģ˵Ҫ
ŴҲûһŲſڴϣһߵһ˼ϲ˼ϲôھЩ
֮յͻȻĨ֬гˮ⣬ֱͦıǼⷺţ̴ھỬȲų鴤¡ھĳܹǶýܣĻǿţӹӹҧŹͷ˱ţˡˡҡҡ
ھ΢̵ʮԲΣѹھƨϣ͹ĻھѲ嵽ĳܹǣŨܵķھɭĥͦذѰ۵͵ھǰۺͷŴսھ졣
ھſ캬סϸ۵ͷĻоھĹͷ˵ȽھţҪҪˡҲҪˣ
˵ţȴͣͦ˳ӿ߳һһ
ھھҧھͷૣ̫ǿมҪˡ
ھ۵Ļ˱ܲˣ˵ȽĽʲסھӹٶȽҧסͷӹڵйĹͷСŲԸֿ
ھڹ֮յϣӣ֮ջɢǹٸζ̼ھǸȻֱ
ţھȻֿʼĹһµ֮ռھҪ㣬Ҳֻϣͦӭھĳ塣

㡭ҵİˡˬѽҵĸΡŶ
ھϲ֮յļй쾹һûӤС죬ҧסھĹͷϷſƬ̡ھһγʱͻ̡ᷢˮһ
ˣ֮ջԶؼӽֿмֱʹھҪˡ
ھڹ֮յѨںݳͲţ֮ղʤɵؽߵŶŶˬҡСŶҵġϵۡѽҵġ㡭㡭ġˡม
֮ոͦŷӭھĹͷھ֮յѨ̽Ҫѹ֮յѨͨƵġ
˵ޱߵٸ޵Ůѽڵﻹʲô˪Ůǵӣһ˵ԽߵŮڴԽûеġ
ϾǰŮѽǸѨȷʵͶŮ˵Ĳһ֮յԵںܺ񣬶Һᡣھᾢ¸ɣᾢĳ
߳߳
ˮҡ
ھţڹ֮յݲš
ŶˬˬˡˡŶԸ㡭㡭ĶƤϡŶŶ
֮ռֱֻʣ´Ϣķˡ
һ֮ڳھ͹֮߳˽Լ֮ˮ֯һƬ
ھ鲻ԽĽ˳ʮȫʮĵѽս㣬ǰûԭôá
š
֮ս˵仰ûС˵ţ˵ţһƬϼԣǺ쳱ڹ֮յϸˣ֮使޵Ǿޱ
ھͻբڹ֮յѨͳ͸ɣͷʨڴԵõĶƵġ
ھһͷҰԷҰޣڹ֮յҵ˺ţŹ֮յѨҲ÷ˡ֨֨Ĺ
֮ȫߺ߽неģһģࡡ顭ġ塭ɡҡˡˡҡһᱻߡ
ھʮӣ֮ȫֻشʱ֮ЪھȴԽԽо˷Ҫĵز
ھ֮һţǱԴ֮յķ§סͲһ

֮ţ
ޱߵĴɫѽ
ھŰһһ࣬һʤһ飬γһ׷¡
ʱֻ֮սҧ˫üͷϢ̴ٵ趯˫硣

֮ջˣ΢΢ز
֮еԵ飬ھؿĥš
ʱھһͷ˵Ұޣһֱͣ͸Ź֮յѨ
֮յƨɲͣͦͣھĶ֮յͦͶԵô
ֻ֮ղϵİڶΣͬʱ˽еࡡ׸硭ҡˡҡˬˡ㡭ɿ㡭㡭ˮˡม
ͻȻ֮յӹһһֱкھĹͷ̵ھһ¡
õһ̣ھڹ֮յѨڣ˶еƣ۵ӵˣھĹͷŹ֮յĻ
Ҫĳʮˮʹʮ֡
ھʮŵĿ˵
֮øعЦ
ھ˵գҵؿ֮յѨھĴͷƵģڹ֮յĻϡһ֮յˮͱá̡ع˳ֱϣմʪ˴һƬ
ʱ֮ȻӭھĹ֮մ˿ȴҡͷĵҪҡҪˡѽ㡭ɵġ̫ءˡ̫ҳԲ
֮յβʱͦĶͺ̼ھʹھǷ裬ҵĳ
ֻ֮հ۾ֱ۲ھϣ֮ǷʴƨɲͣŤڡ
֮ձһĿ͸ɣȫҵزţͬʱˮֱ֮յ˫ȹסھʴ۵ƨֱҡ򲻶ϵغŽеá硭ҡˬˡѽҡҡ桭ˡ㡭ܸɡ
֮ƺĿ泩
֮յһ˽Уһİڶھʹھٱ塱Ը߰
ھһĲ飬¡
ʱ֮գСѨҲ˶ˮ֮յƺѽǴлƨɲͣͦͣӭĳ塣
ǣھ԰뿪ЦĿǵս㣬Եͷ˰ɣ𼱣ĺϷںͷأ
˵գھޱȵĳ֮յѨͷǽСůѨڣֱֹ֮ջĵ
ÿھĹͷ͹֮յĻĽǵʱ򣬹֮ձоѹͬʱ˽еھ㡭㡭ôô㡭ɰҡҺˡ
֮˵󣬿ʼתԼβǡӭھͦʱʱʱʱңʱת˼ԲȦʹھǷھһͷ͵ʨһ㣬̵Ź֮յ塣ҡţ㡭
ھһ˾η˵ȥˣŮǡ
ǣھһŮлָɣ֮ղ֪й˼ξھѽľҺڹ֮յϡϣ׵䡢䡣֮ջ̱ھ
šھüֽ
ʱ֮˵
ã
ھЦŴӦһԱߵױֽ̨
ҡҰϡϵණɾ
֮ռʱһҲûУھʵ̫ˣǰκ˶ȲھʱĹ֮ղ֪ʲô׳ˣǰ׻ˡ
ھ˵ӦΪ񡭡
˵ţھ֮ǿɾӣȻĽԡҡ
ԡڣھźˮ͹֮һԡڣ֮῿ھϣϸָھ۽ļھһҹ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ򣬹֮ΪΪ֮ǰֻ֮ǰ⵱һν׵Ļڣ֮շԼѾ벻ھˣĺܺھ⵱һҹ飬֮Ͳˡ
ܲ˵ָһ֮󣬸ŮˣŮȻصġ
ھһЦŹ֮յغΣϲղŮսľɫˣֻҪսӦңպһһţұ֤㣬һϱڻõӣ㿴ô
֮־ϲ̽еġĲңԸһӸһ𣿡
ǵȻˡ
ھǺһЦ˵ģǲС
ҿ϶ģ϶ġ
֮ոϽͷֻҪ㲻ǰһЩ飬ҵ°뱲ӶŮˣҲֻһòã
ھЦ˵
ھжˣ۵һŮԼζˣպʱƷָо̫ˬˣ


044 ΰͼ
һһ磬ߵ̨֮һ»ᣬھȿᣬԼĺΰͼڴ֮ſʼԼ椼ƻ
ߵӣ֡һλ֮󣬵Ҳв˲Ŀľ䡢־ƺ齨ϵ˵߹ɵԷݻ֮µȨʱδߣ׻˵¹ѻЩ߸߲󣬻ǵһβμӶ»ᣬҲ֪λµϰ壬ߵʲôĹ롣
ʱʮ쵽ˣҶ۷׷ס
ƵʤԱߵ˵ܼ࣬˵εϰǸô˰
üͷڷݻϵȻǳϣݻִߣھȻ룬ⲻЩˡ
ֻ˵֪λϰҼ൱ᣬ˵ңŶ̶һ׸ҲԵİɡ
ţڵ̨ѾĻԻͣҲֻϣµϰܹɡ
ʤ̾
TVBĺɽջԻ⻰һҲûУҪǳԱûʵģTVBǵǴǰԱȥôһ˵TVBӾˣСǹƶϤĲˣΪСݣǸ磬ҶϤˣûѪҺע룬͵TVBĵӾ粻
ΪʲôأǾΪ̫٣ǱʵҲ٣
½Ͳһ½˿۵İٱֹܳŮ֮࣬ҲȲϵģ½Բܳ־ǶǼӾ粻ӣܵһ˵̫٣޺õ˿ãûõóֵľǣ֥Ҳˣҫ顢ЩУų⡣
ԣTVBûдĸĸ»˥ȥҲȷʵˣTVBĵӾһһѾ˳ЦҪǿ鼤Ϸĵزˡ
ʱ۷׷ףţھ͵ˣҸϽ
λҺá
ھ˶³λϣȻ˵ڿ֮ǰҪʾһ£ҶִܹTVBӰеңպϣҶָ̣
һ˵꣬ҸϽơ
ھ˵ΪߵӵһɶѶֵܲãȻ˫պĹ˾ǰϺߵĹϵһҪһЩµ
˵ţھ˵µ⡣
ߵĸ߲ûʲô滻ֻھԼ˰һЩʵȨĸλȻһСԭ߲ˣܵ˵Ҳûʲô𶯣Ҷܽܡ
ţھ˵ڣҪҵһЩƻȣԱް࣬ҵĸıǣѾͬǿڴ½ڡϺط裬Ҳ˵δǵԱް࣬ڴ½ƸŮΪԱ
һڳ޲Ծ
߽ްܹڴ½ԱǸʲô͵պTVB޵ѪҺע룬ҲԱϴˣΪ½˶࣬Ůп϶Ҳ࣡ǸĺϢ
ҲǼѣھĲѾʱʧھܣ˵ģ
ھһЦ˵ȻģҴĸѵƶȣ֪ڵԱѵѾǰʮڿѧףҾȫûҪҵ쵼£Ҵ趨Աѵֻ࣬ҪǳѧͿԽ룬ϾϷģǿ״ԪѧҲûɶ˵ǲǣ
ûΪھ˵ĺеǳۡЩǴѧҵһܵǣ̫ѧʵǸ
ھ˵⣬ڴ½˿ڻ࣬ÿҽڴ½ϺڸֻһǧŮѧٴÿѡһǩԼߣԶԿ˰ѹصϸԣϣҸһõķ
û⡭
˶ͬ⣬Ͼ½ô࣬ҪǰѹزʵһǿǺ鷳ģľģʽҲѡõԱ
һ㡭
ھ˵Ѿ˸ˣ㽫ǿƤĽһӰ԰
Ӱ԰
е˶ǳһ˵ܣʲô˼
ʵҲûʲôý͵ģ򵥵˵ǽΣԼӰһٸӣǿ԰ѽĵ彨ɾħιųǣڣҪľ۾Ϸʱõķ¹ŽȺΪ˱ԵľԣǱͶϷο͡һΧȫֹŵ񣬲ʹκοԴۿóִƼͨҲֻܳ棬δ͵ȹߡ
ιųǽһٶƽ彨ֻǺСһ֡ΧĿյءǾͽݵ伮ιŽȻƬڣչŴĽ񣬽ƬĽȺЩȺҲҽģǸʷϼأԼʺʹ˵н裬ιųγһһС
ЩͲôϸЩطȻǸʱģڲԼණִġǽϸĹ涨ⲿװ޳κĲ֣ʹЩִĶƷҲǾͿЩطľƵ꣬ưɣֳ
ͬʱǻԽ͵ӰԺ߽ۿĵӰӰԺ糡װ꣬ʩõģǻʱʱŶݳʲôиʲô.ܿѷʲôţֻҪǳģͶҪ֣Ҫȫ룬ܵõܣ
˵ˣ˽ιųǣʵϾһħӰǣ޴Գħ޴ɢջϢʵеΨһǣλʵ֯һ𣬳Ϊľ䣡ǵħӰһаװӰԪأƵĵСܻɣŮԱ˽ӵıǴϻɣ̨ĿǶܣʦǶ۵ſڰͣĿǻƷɺ衭֮ԿɫɫĵӰգµţħӦоУֻ벻ģûģ
ԽԽʵħӰǣô󣬲Щ۹治̫ݳޣ̫ˣ
ھЦЦ˵۱ݳ޷֮أ֮ȴӵλ򸻺ĲǮ࣬ǷûطǮۻع½Ǵ½ҲǮˣҲϣкĵطڣǾ͸Ļᣬǵħܻٻ٣ңֻӰ԰ĵһվһͬʱϵϺطҲͬʱʼ԰ҵĿںǣҪлĵʿ԰


045 ǿܳɵļƻ
֮󣬶ĬȻƻЩ˵̫ӴˣԶԶЩܽܵķΧ
ھǺһЦ˵֮ڽƻҪǾڵҪذ죬ȫ綼֪ҵĺΰͼƻ
˳Ĭһ£˿ĭʵǸܣƻԤҪͶǮ
˶֪⡣
ھ̸̸һЦ˵طʮҾò࡭
ʮڣ
˶ָеͷƤ飬ʮڣʲô
𣡡
ھһ䡣

˶ûιȥ
50ʲôǲǼڸ۱ʲô֣˴ʱΪǰˣжǮ
ܿģߵ̨ͱ˴£ھҪʮϺۺطһħӰǵϢлˡ
̺ʾ޴ѶҪȫ깤ѶһԳʮԪ¶֪ˣ׸ʵжǿ
йǹ˾
ǿŵϲѶĴƻ۾Ȼ֪ӰܹɣǾڣǧԪ󣬶Ѷ˾Ҫôһ鵰⣬ԼҲ취һǣ
ͶĿϣǿԽкʵģǿԼܺھߣֺˣټԼҲǿֹ˾ģӰԼҲʸһ裬ʱԼҲܷһγã
ǿ͸Ͻ绰Ҫھȥ
ʱ򣬺Ȼи߽ǿİ칫ңǱˣӢʴܳɡ
ܳɣôˣ
ǿһ¡
ܳɿǿҪ绰΢Цǿ绰ɣ
ǰôˣ
ǿʵ
ܳϣ˵ǿɲǮ׬ʵ˵ǸھҲˣ˵ʮʵԼʮڣʵкҡЩ˴ߣǳһ𹹽ӰǣϵһҶĿҲȤѾӦһͶǮ¶ˡ

ǿһ˵ôܳɣʲô¶𣿡
㣬ϣҶֳʣһǮҲȥͶʣҲôİɣ
ܳЦҲ֪ǵʵ˵ʲôִ࣬ʵ۸ﶥһҪɵ飬Ǽʮڣڸ۱Ҷδõ飬ͶʣǵǮλδؿϣҪ֣ǾͲһˣû⣬˵ǰɣ
⻰Ҳ
ǿ˵ͷ˵ǽ⣬ǹ˾ŮˣЩõĳˣ¶ܳɣ˵ǰɣ
Ӣֱһųģȴڽͳˣ˵һꡣ
ǵȻ
ܳ¶˶Цݡ
ܳߺǿһתȻһ¶˵绰ͨһ룬ųᰵֻ롣
ܿģᰵĵ绰ͨˡ
ιǰǿĤأʲôȥ˵
Щɢ˵
ǿ˵֥ôˣã
ţаɣǳǶϷءô㻹⣿
۾һɣ˵
λ˴ˣȻᶯǽҵһˡ
ǿ˵ţ˵һ顣
˵ǸĿô׬Ǯ
Աǿ˵Ļסˡ
Ҫ֪ҲǸ˼ҳʱǿ˵ĻȻҲ֪Ŀж׬Ǯ
ǵȻţȻ֪㲻֥ұ֤Ҳֻλ˵òã
ǺðɣҸ֥˵˵ǿɲȻҿɲŹ㡭
֪ˣ֪ˡ
ھ⼸İĸŮ˸͸۸̳ͻٶ򣬵ǮھѹΪܲŮһЦЩֵõġ
죬ھհھ˵йǵǿӢʹ˾ܳԼȥʳֻƺʲôҪԼ
ھԼȻ۵ִ࣬Լ͸ӣʲô


046 ʳҹܻ
ǿܳھġʳֻλڼɳףҹܻὨ1985꣬һҼʽʽŷʽܴҹܻᣬҹܻװ޺ʹأŮƣƽټƼȿɿޱΪ˵ʮʵǢ̸⣬õĿ֣ԴӿҵܺΪһĸߵֻ
ۻع½һƣθۣҹܻ˿ûܵκӰ죬ο͵۵ı֮أһǧǳѨѳأкܶҪŶӲ̷ӽ룬Ź٣÷޷ЩǶﳪ裬һЩθ߹٣ҲҹܻʲôӸΪһЦһǧûٳ֣˵ѻչ֡
ھһģ컹ǵһ۵ҹܻᣬ󣬵ǰŲһǴſھװݻžܹ
ʱǿܳɶſڵţʶλȦе˶Ǵкһʲ֪ڵˣжɻ󣺡ʲôĴţ
ֵûȶãھˡܳɺǿϽ߹ȥ˵ѽǶ԰
˵Ĺ
ھҲܸǿܳӣ˵λˣǶҵĳҲܸԼ
˻һ£ھҹܻߣھĺͨģִīټҹܻĹʮֻ谵ûϳھ
ǿܳɴھģҲİ䣬棬ھһˣǿܣܵʤ
ʤĴھҲ֪ˣº̸ֽ
ʱѾ׼һУ輸ϰ˼ˮѾ̺ĺơʱһޱ¶ϵŮ˽һܳɺֵܣ̴ȥ
ѽǿ磬ʤ磬磬λþûˣ˼ҿء
Ů޽㣬ҹܻɣҲеӣʵвŮձйŷǶúܡǿǾҹܻᣬǿʶˡ
ǿһЦ˵ޣæûüǸǸһλҪźұ֤Ի޵ĺô
޽һ֪˵ھ½εεĴչȥеѽλãǵһǻʳɣҪǲʹ죬ɲȥ
ھǺһЦ˵ҪûֵȥĶˣ
޽һһЦ˵ɲ޽Կ䣬ǻʳҹܻŮǾԶǿԵǵϣҾʶһ£ʲôǰٻţ
ˣޣٴˡ
ܳЦȥ׼ɣǺЩҪ̸ȥѹ׼ã֪𣿡
ǿ˽ģ޽ǵСھ⣬ǾڰԼ˾Ůϡ
ϡ
޽Ҳ֪Щ̸ʱԼǲ͵ģǸϽʶȤ˳ȥ
ھɳϣİ䣬ɳƤģ豸Ҳ߼ģּҾҲ³ƣ˾ͳ׷һ㣬ټǽϹŵı¶Ůͼ˸о
ʱǿڸԵľƱﵹ˾ƣ˵ĺƣ82Ķƣ
ھʲôûɶޣҪ˵ϰ׸Ҳȣһڣ˵Ƶζ˵
Ǻǣϲͺá
ʤЦμ棬Ҿһ
ǿܳҲƱ
ɣ
ھҲ֮ھһᣬһ㶼û˵ԼԼĿģɲȾ죬ûʲô˼ǽԼҳҺȾô򵥰ɣһʲôº̸ǵĹϵʲô;˵
ˣǺһЦܳ˵Ȼô˵ˣҾ˵ˣʵģħӰǲڽ𣿻˻ĴϰͶʣ׻˵˶ϣҲǵǮͶ
ھ⻰ˣĵԭħӰǷһ³һ£˵
Ҫôˡ
ǿЦͽһǿɣҵܻܵʤˡ
ǰҲܳɰɣ
ܳЦ
ǺãҲھС
ھ΢Цֻ˵ǣǿʤܳɣħӰǵʽѾ㣬ҪͶˡ


047 ĴŮ

ܳû뵽ھȻһھ;ܾһ¡
ܳɵھĲҪˣҪ֪һ˾Ͷһ˵Ҳǿֹ˾ģһպҲܴӰǵ
ھһЦƱһںƣ˵ʵɣҸ˵ʲҪһϺںطӰ鵰⣬Ҳ׾٣ұǮ׬ѰҺ飬ǹɶֻ̫࣬ñǸˡ
ܳ˲һʧ
ǣӰǼƻһƷͣӰ󵰸Ѿȫֳȥˣǻ㡢Щһζ֪кο
ھ΢Ц
ţ
ǿ˵ʱȤܳ˵ھ˼ǡ
ˣµطȫӰǣҲҪһЩסլ¥Ƕá
ھ΢΢һЦ˵
԰
ǿ˵ʱ׹ھҪͶӰǸķزҪ֪һǸطΪйĵʿᣬôǸķۿ϶ڽԼͶʷزǾһͶӰ԰
£ܳ˶Ķˣ
ھһҪˣ
ʤȽе
ھٺһЦ˵ʱȱ˵ˣ˰ɣϲĹһȾƣһˣ
һܳﻹװʤվ˵ھԵȣΪ㰲źá
˵ţʤת˳ȥ
ȥӣţʹ޽˻޽һЦ˵λ̸˰ɣɣλмʶһǻʳֻŮɣ
˵ţ޽İƣȻͿʮȻᣬ񻣬Ůӡ
ʮŮŷĲʮ꣬СĹʮ˵޵еò崿еԸг죬𪣬ǰ͹̣ŷĸԲΣԸˣ˵ЩǾõֵŮˡеѧУѧãе׬ǮģеǵŮ׬ġ
ھ˲ŮˣʱʮŮҲȻĶ벻һҹܻᣬСǲ
ֻھϲҹܻŮˡ
ǿܳɣЩŮȻҲϲ
ھЦӦԼ׼ɣǰͲҪˣɣ
ܳɺǿֵ⻰ٺһЦܳ˵ھ飬ãǶȥʤǽɣ⣬ЩҲҪˣҲɡ
ʤ˵ͷ޽ЩС㶼£Ȼٳȥ
һʤĸŮ˽ھĸŮһΪǶȦŮǣʮңСҲͶʮңգǳ崿ˣֱ
ǿָŮ˵ھǹ˾ԱλΡھ㲻İλǹ˾ˣŰ֥ʮ꣡
ܳҲָŮ˵ھҽ£ǹ˾ǩԼˣǳµݣ̨Ůɡλǹ˾ˣ
ھдϲĵȻǣ
Ļǰϲǳ۵Ӱ˿϶İʢֵĵһʤӣǳ۵ĵӰУǾԵʻҶӡ̵ľǡʥΡ˵޾Ȧ
Ű֥ĻںȦɾһǣ99ǳ۵ġϲ֮չͷǣδǺޣǺΪлŵΪлŮ֮󣬻͹ϣֳţԼ۵屩¶˵ǰ룡ޱȵĺ죨ȻĺԸ⡭
ڳµݣŮǵԱŮʣһų˵òһ֮¾Ķ̨ˣ14ĵһӰŮΪע⣬ǩϵӰ˾ΪЧӦǩԼӢ֣Ӣʵˡ
ھȻ֪ǰܳɵūд¼˵ıƿԼжϴǾԵھʱǼˣ
ĸŮĻ͵ԭвͬĻȦǾԵķŵʤӣʱʤѾˣҲϣҿɽ˵Ҫ׸Ծ͸֣ϣԼʮŮܰһµĴУ
Ű֥ǾԱƵģĸǺڵˣ˰棬׷ɱǶŰ֥ˡɱǿŰģΪŰֻ֥ǩԼйǡ
죬ȷŰ֥ˣȻĻԼٹˣŰ֥˼ֻǰ
ڳµݣΪǩԼӢ֮󣬱ܳɱȵģû취˭ǰҲǿ˯λģҲûɶ
ǾΪ죬͵ģ


048 νܡ
ʱھɫؿĸŮĸŮ崿ŮŮҪһڴϸ㡭
ھɫɵؾͱܳ˲׽ˣ֪ھĸŮжܸˣܳ˵֥ݣǻ߰
һЦھߣȻµݡԥһ£Ҳ˹ȥŰ֥һ
ʱŰ֥Ÿ˹ȥͱھһ§ס뻳Уһڡ

Ű֥ܾͬС¹һ㣬ʱгܲɫɫˣû취Ϊ˶ɱֻˡ
ʱھϣǷصھֱϣھоһʵ
ҿŮɧ̣̫ˡ
ھĵǰӰĻľھΪ֮㵹ʱоǷ͵֣ھΪ֮ޱȸе̼
һ
ɧŰ֥ھĴϣҲʾƱ˵
ھᣬǾɾǴõġԿ
ܳɴЦ
ھһЦ˵׾ưɣ
һһ죬һԥܳ۾һɣ˵Ҫ׾ƣǿ㣬ȥ
ҧҧվ˵ʵ֪ˣȦʲôǣٴƣҲֻǹ˾ūھˣܵˡ
ǡҪҪ
Ű֥ۼھҪȡ׾ơϴ죬ϽҪھӡ
ʲô
ھŰ֥ȹ֮ЦȺ׾ƣȻںģǺã
ھʱпɵⰡδϣ涼ŮˣڱԼ£
šҪҲŲҪȡҪ㡭
Ű֥ӲھַŪǴŮ֮ŮܲѣסԼ
Ҫ֪ʱѾ˺ЧӦʱŰ֥ɻûκһ˾ĴŮԳᰲŲɷǿŻô
һھƣѾưȻ˵ھߣԥһ£ͷյھߣ׾ơ
ھ̰غǣ˱Ŀڴ³ľ¶ȥһԵŮеھɫŮе죬ЩСȴӷȣǶھݹ˧ǾԵ죬ϧھǡ
ʱǿҲ鶯ˣĸŮڲҶɴЩС㣬Щ椺Ůϴչֽš
죬鶯ھµݲ֪룬Ű֥ߵú޲طȥ
Ȼھ̧ͷЦſЦ촽׾ƣԵҺÿİ
ھŪӷȣš
ҡܲܲĴϡ
Ű֥̲ס
Ϊʲô
ھŰ֥·ǶԴȻһֻڳµݵĴ

µݸȻԼǡ֡Ҳֻܼнȣ
ҪҪ
Ű֥߲ѣ飬̲סҪھĻ
ǿ֥ƺеô
ھһЦ˵
ģ¶ھ
ǿ§Ц֥ôֿܵھأˣְֺ·˰棬·ˣ˰һǧԪһڿǹúܿİҪھˣҲ֪ǡ᲻ʵʩ
š
Ű֥һͣ
ʱܳЦھƼȣ޸ǲǺﰡ
ǿЦǰЩСã˭ʮ
һЦվߵ룬ѵʣ裬˵ġʮʱŰ֥Ůߵͨ죬ھǿĴеúãԣЩ椣ľǻ
ʱھжˡ
ʤЦھôɣ
Ȼ⣬ĺܺã
ھЦҲǵģزȥͶʰɣȥҹ˾Ͽ
ллھ
˴ϲеǶʲôϽѹҪòھ£Сɱȫң
еСϽϵļһʼ裬ⳡһҾֲھߺȾƣĸŮϿͣһߴкãܵޱȿ֡
ھһʮƣ⣬˵ˣҲˣסˡ֥㣬ݽ㣬ҹҹ


049 һķϣ
ǿ˶ʶȤ뿪˰䣬дԡңǸֿõġ
ھŮһЦ˵ҪҪȥϴ谡
Ůһۣҡҡͷ
ھ΢ЦſŮ˵Ը𣿡
Ůһ죬ЦȻԸˡ
ͳµԥһ£˵Ը⡭
Ű֥ϴ죬еĿⶼԥһ£ڵͷԸ⡭
Ǻã
ھ΢ЦŽ⿪Ƥϵ·¶ǿǺ;޴Ұɣҵ˶ǣ
ھʱŮճھ۽ǣŮ۾Ǻε֮ɫȻͦĴ׳иֱΪ֮㵹֮̾ҲЩ־塣
찡Ǹô󡭡Ҫǲȥжˬ

ŮµݻãŰ֥ɻǴŮŵЩɫףôִߣСѨǻô
ھ˹ھһ§סھ§סµݡ
֥ͺסҵĵܵܣ֪𣿡
ھٺһЦ˵
⡭ô԰
Ű֥߲ѣе
ɱҲԽнɣźңźʮٸ󺺣
ھٺһЦ˵
Ű֥ҧҧסھĴл
ȥ֥ӣ֪𣿡
ھٺЦ
һ죬һЦǰŰ֥ߴ鷿
š
Ű֥ڳɡOͣغھˮ鷿ţҲӻ
ھıŰ֥ӣСںסֻһȫݵĿֱţ˫̲סѾڳµݺ˫ϸ
˼Һ
˼ҲҪ㡭
µݺӱټвǴŮˣʱȻЦţھĻ
Ű֥Ȼǵһ£δȦƺͻЩʱɬʩչȡ˱ޱȡ
ˣ
˴һӣھֹȻóµݸԼ
ŮھʮеھһЦһֱŰ֥ӵϡ
ѹǵ·źң
ھܰԵ˵ŮҲˣǶһ·˸⣬ڴϣھ»ھıȣ齻ھʱעȴǶԸеϡ
ھһ˺Ű֥·⣬඼ˡʱŰ֥ѩԸеھǰ
ֻŰ֥üֱ񻰣ȡǷΣһ鷿ô˶ôĳ˵ԣɫֵİ֮£߸ߵţôļͦôѩףڣƺһζƮɢ˳Сɢ˿֮У̼ھ񾭣ֵĽİ֮£Ű֥鷿ѹһֻѩ׵鷿֮£γһ˶鹵ôвھء
ңŰ֥鷿ôѩף׵ھĿõŰ֥鷿۵ļ֮µ΢Ѫܣһˣջ鷿ϵŮ㣬Ĵ̼ھ
ھһЦһѳŰ֥֡ʱ޴鷿һ˿ͦ˵Ե鷿һǰԾչھǰھ۾ֱĿŰ֥鷿ھŰ֥һ˫ѩ׾ӨŭʱǰӱʥĽ˽ͦỬԼŮ˵еļƷ
ھһЦһͷͽ촽ӡŰ֥㴽֮ϡ
ھ촽Ű֥۵ĺ촽Ŵ죬ҪŰ֥˫һ㣬̰ĽŰ֥ܾҲܾˣһԻȵϢ̼Ű֥ʹоھĴ˱֮£ԼβĿҪһ㣬ԴͻȻеһհףҲøӵķ
ͨԼ촽ӡŰ֥㴽֮ԺŰ֥ԵĽһµĸоھ֪Ű֥ȻԼǣȴǽŵأԼҪץסõʱȻĻȵŰ֥ԼɾҪܵˡ
֮£ھֵչʾԼļɣŰ֥Ļҵʱھͷһ죬뵽Ű֥棬оھ͸߳ĽǼɣŰ֥֪ɱȱȫ˳ӵ״̬ھͷǻмҵĽסŰ֥ͷʼ˱
찡ĽǼ̫ˣҶҶоȫ˷ˡ
Ű֥ھ֮£Щҵš
Ůھ¿ѾŮǿʱŮоԼϣõ˵İʱֲԼֻھϵǣ½
ܳܳĽǡھԼҺͽŰ֥Ű֥ţͷڷ֮ͬʱ޴ӡֵ߳ܵرֿ۾գĽë΢΢Ű֥΢ӣСڣһСɵͷھĸ߳ļ֮£Ű֥оԼĵһ˿ķߣţ׼ھİ
ھԼ⣬Ű֥⣬һԲŰ֥۽üԾشӺʱŰ֥оھͷԼĲֻеĸĸоѣǸĸоһ㣬ɢͷԼǻλҲȺġ

ôأŰ֥ĺУ΢΢طһĸоɢȫ̼Ű֥е壬ʹŰ֥ʼÿھ֮£Ű֥Ҳ̲ס˶˵λһܳڽߣŰ֥ƴѹԼǼٵĺ޷أھһŮĵļʡ
ŻĿ˵ŮѾھϲ֮£ھḧţƸסŰ֥ķͦ鷿Ĵ벿λֹ⻬ĸоֻ嶥޺۵Ļ٣Ȼھͷһ̰ĺŴ˫֮ɢĶ˵㣬һ캬סۿɰͷ˱ҧ
Ű֥޵ߺ𣬽ֻĩȴԵϮ̱Ű֥û뵽ھַ˵ĸ߳һӾͽԼ뵽һԼûĸо֮Уһĸо˫֮ϴʹŰ֥ʼͦظӭھ첢õ
ллĳң
Ű֥оĿ֣ԽԽǿҵĴ̼֮£Ű֥ĽǷһ̴ٶɬ̾Ϣƺܲǳˮܽذ̺ɰͷа¸ܵһ˫֣ҲɵĴɳϣӣѾǴȶˡŰ֥ζȻ벻һӣ
ھЦ˵Ҹʹ˵һ㡣
Ű֥ھͷת򼸺ȫʧȥǣֻ˵Ťų㷢Ű֥⸱󣬿ھĴ𣬿ȻͦһſڣŰ֥΢ŵӣһͷŰ֥ľһֻۻһ˱Ϯ̼ھģץסŰֲ֥ԾüŰ֥Ǹʵغݺָ꣬Ű֥ԴŰֻ֥ھָᴩ¸ǹ֡ᡢĿζ˵
Ű֥һʱ֮䣬һ鱥ĳʵУʱٴŰ֥еĿ飬еĵ¡ǶȻȥֻ׷Ű֥̲סɱдһߣƺ˵޾㡣
ھ˳ЦǷҪҵСɧ£
Ű֥δشŮеҪҪңң

Ű֥ʧشе㣡ҰɣĴҵСɧ¡
ھЦʱҲҲܾŮҪԼĴ󼦰͸СɧµҪɡ
ھ˷˫ְסŰ֥ѩĴȡӲͦĹͷ˷ܶһµĲţŰ֥۵ĴĦһ󣬲Ű֥İѨ׼Ȳֱ˽ȥִĹͷո̽ѨĿڣھѾоһĳ嶯Ű֥صůխиоһ˵ǰܿ
뵽ԼռŰ֥ĳ崿Ůϵ壬ھǳ˷ܣŰ֥ѹȻͦǰ͵һǿгſŰ֥Ѩ
ʹ
ɰطһתĽŰ֥͵һźα鲼ü΢塢աҧСʮСĿɰֺŵرֱڴϡŰ֥ƶˣƮƮɾھҲŮǿҵ巴ӦŪ͵һҧ§סŰ֥֯ϸһᣬݺݵǰһͦþȫز˹
ƺˡ߲꣡һŰ֥ظоʮĴŮĤһѿˣھʮִִʵСֵܴӹͷвѺݺݲۼнѨУŰ֥ޱȽխССѨʱͱͱֱǴδ˿ɵĻ
һ˿ĿĵѪŰ֥Ѩﻺ֤Ű֥˹Ȼ׵ģ
Ű֥ĽŴŮĤѶһȫ˫ְѴһ𣬷Ըжк촽΢΢ſƴҧסԼһسĵüһʹƴĿһ¾Ͳ˳вʱһƵĺ޳צһļסھʹ
Щʹǿҵٴ̼Ű֥ŵĲҡͷĳƮڣһж̫ˣЩʹü΢壬ҧκ죬ߺƻ֪ԼѾǴŮˣѨͻȻ˺һ㣬о·һľ׮شԼĴѨ档ŲҾ徵Ľ۷ףʹ˹ȥ
ʱھһг˱̬УȸԾ֣Žг嶯ϸѾԼռڿµԸŮ񣬻֮Ľ̬
ھԽԽ˷ܣ̲סŻιȥŰ֥˵ۣýղűֵôɧû뵽һûпĴӣҲãñˡӽ쿪ʼרҵūˣ
ţھʹǰһͦٴδ֨һִֻѾȫŰ֥ʪխѨھǴִǰ׺ĹͷѪֱײŰ֥ӹȥ

һҵİھĿ´ŮǿŰ֥ҵʹΣҲҵʹѡ
˰
ھ˷ܵʵ
ʹʹҪ԰
°ҵʹоŰ֥ѩ׽ٴε㺹죬Ű֥ҡͷں㷢ҷţһŸ߹޵İ¶ʹı飬ʼؿš
ģһһ¾Ͳôʹˡ
ھЦ˵
Ҫ㡭һ
ڱھֱִ룬ʹŰ֥ͷſ˺촽С췢ʹεİ
ʱھŰֽ֥խѨȫסԼִҸоůʪ󣬽۶ѨڣԼִֻ
ǰĵľŮԼŮ붼ô
һ뵽ھϲõЦ˳ִͬʱʼŰ֥Ѩˡ
Ű֥ʹرţ㡭ŹҰɡ㡭
Ű֥ĽʹŤţķρ㺹γɵСˮ飬ݏˮܽذʹ˷ܵı飬ߵĽǰһĻ
ģŰ֥ȻԾɸеЩʹʼǵУȻеԼĶҪһ㣬ض˵ĵԡĻˮޱȵԣҿʼؽھޱȴִȵСֵӭ˴ŮѨ
ھоŰ֥ϸ΢ת䣬̲סһЦһŰ֥üҸֳ飬ͻȻͦµļٴŰ֥ӹݺݵһ壬ֱӶѨֱδ˴ĻģСֵʵ̫ˣмֻ档
Ű֥֭ⴽסСֵܵÿһ֣ÿһ綼ۻںͻʪ妵ճĤغסȻİĽСѨڡҪʹ
ȻŰ֥Ѩǿھִҵؼ޾ʹУʹŰ֥ٴηذš
ھǰԼ۳ҼԦŰ֥пϲ֣δ˵Ůѱȫ㺹ˣǰ㻬ĽѱˮմȾˣһ˫ͦĽ飬ھִĳ֮²ͣؼҡţһھִֻŰ֥Ѩġ֨֨죬ԼŰ֥ధǰһУھΪ˷ܣþȫȥŰ֥Ľ
ʱţȻѨ滹һЩʹǸСֵ뵽ŮѨĹУһͷĿѣǿҿпʼĴ˵Ĵ񾭣ھСֵŰ֥ĴŮСѨ治Ͻʶš
˻˼λǼеҵļôĪǴ˵е
ھڷŰ֥ȻǴ˵е۵ѰŮӴͬʺеøҪڲԽԽԽܣĿҲʼμòǿйȥûˬԳ֣ĸоͷһ⣬治һ
ԭΪԼ츳˭֪һɽһɽߣħһߵһɣãĲ͵һ飬ķ·ŮСһһһʣŪԽȥԽǿʴǣŪھ
ھǿסеļһʼ壬һһµģϵĿŴӿһβһǿңˬüԸӣŰֻ֥ǲĬĬᣬ޾ףھӷ̼ӿݺݲٸɿìͷ治Ūøˡ
ǧѩʺ쳣еԣ˵Ҳ³ʹҺԽԽ࣬ʪ濪ʼ𡰹ߴߴˮŰ֥ھ棬ֻ΢΢Ĵ𽥱˵͵ȻֱѹǿţԵջ
ޣý˻ޡޣ
ھţͦţħƵؼӿ࣬ڡǧѩǿĴ̼˱£κ˶ˬʧȥǣֻһζĺײ
ʱھļԽԽˣһҵôִŰ֥Ѩ˫ֻŰ֥㻬ĽΪذ࣬ͣǲͣŰ֥ţ֪˶ãھȻͣؽŰ֥Ľ§ڻ͸ɡ
มมˡҲҪ
Ű֥ʱ˜Dİ
ھļ֮£ʹŰ֥Ĺܸо߷壬Ű֥춳Լ쾡µ߳һ̵٣Ű֥˫һգ˻ʹȥ
ûãôˣ
ھ˵
Ůһ̽еһң
ҪҪҵıˣ
ҵĺͥˣҰɣ
ھЩЦһѽѹ£˵ѵ㣡
˵ţ˫ȣĽѾʪޱȵĻŽһͷͿС͹𣬺ý鲻Ǻܶࡣţᡭ㡭̫ˡеۡ
ЩͲˡ
ڻˮʪޱȣھĽխĻȥʱһĤ
찡ȻǴŮ
ھľˣǰܳɵūд¼ŮǣȻǸŮû
šǰϰ˵ˡұ㡭

ھϲǿ롭
顭
ɵҵڴ䶯ŵֱȾֱĽֺաĻŽݺݼסھûͣѾ͵ͷκ
ͷò׶ųһֱܵǿҵĿк޹˼ɵ䶯ŵıָǰˣѹ˵ʵÿŮ˶޵ûǰװøŮֻҪһԭα¶
ѽ
˫üʱҧͣʱſڽ˷ֲʹ࣬ˮɢ淢ˡ۷ʹסھھԽסС죬غھǡ
ھסԲ鷿̽Բ¡ָᴥ۵ľ٣졭쵽ˡء桭
еĺָͥܵԼоڿԨۻھϡ
ٰ֪ҺĻ䶯ء㡭Ҫ
ӯĽھͦޡʹֻĽ䣬鷿żٺ
ھ§㻬壬ͷ˱ص㺹ͷẬ̺ͷۺ΢ֵͷӲӣһھһ£һסھͷھѹ廬⣬ÿ㻬ļ
ĻʱĥʪޱȻ͹ĻвԳֵ϶ţھķֿѩԲķȣʾͷ˳ӵſˮɵ۾ߵĿŴֳû󣬹ͷ뻨оܵĥţӵ̧Ȳھڳͼӿ죬ĸоʹ⻬ĳԽԽ޲øھһ塣

ھӿ͵Ľࡣ
š
ͷӦҪҪٿһ㣿
ڽСǻҳ塣
̲סгô󡭡ܲˣ
Ҳôܲˣ
ھֱסԲ̵ķΣڻڴĳ壬δξ
ھٳͣͷڻоϴĥǿҵĴ̼ø߳һˣҺ
ͦӭϣھҪˡˡҾˡŶ
ȫ׿αװ¶δȦūŮӦеıԣͦӭţ޲ð˾һཻ˱ھҺŴС조š
ͦѹסھƨøھĹͷŻоĥоСĻӹǻеùͷʹɻоڹͷϣܵĻڵ䶯˱ھǰҡ裬ıʮܣĵ˽Уˡ˼ҡܲ㡭ôôְม̫̫̫ˡҶܲסˡԲ𡭡š㡭ŪҪҪĶˡáðĿˡð㡭̽ұ̵á̵ӹˡá䡭ı͸ҵӰɡ
ɵҡͷԣ㷢˦˦ȥСֽץھͷھͦͷŪϾھĻ󹿽ץסϸٳɡ
ھٶԽԽ죬İҺײİࡰ̡̡̡̡һĿ˽á塭Һáѽ̫ˡҪˡม
Ҷˡ
ܿ͸߳ˡ
ھ㴽ְϸھسܸ߳ϡ


050 һķ£
ȻھһһЦֹסھĲӡ
ھѹڴϣһ溬סһֻѩ۵飬˱ġ١⣬һֻסһͦ۵꣬һֻḧǰϸۡӨ͸ѩ崿ߵòŮϸỬƽСֱ

һȶߵС̺ӣʼ˵ġдھ޹ǵĽϷᱡľرֻġ֡ȵḧòɫĳǽ۵ġ
ԺһƬհף使ޣ޷һڶĽ
ھŮǿŽɬķĲһֻŮǽյ̺조족м䣬һΡΡӨ塢ճĴŮҺԽԽ࣬һĴŮ¶ճһ֡
㣬ߺ죬֪ΪʲôԼʪ
ھЦһֿ߽еȣͦѹȥ
ͻȻӿȵѹƴ˦ǸڲġߡǾ޴µĻȵġߡմŮ򡱶ٸʪһƬھ˳ùͷסǽնĽ΢һͷѷֿƬ۽ʪһһͦ˶ԲĹͷѡʪ妻ȵĽڡ

ü塢תУǰһͣ˶ԲĹͷؽ
̺ߡκ죬ΣǸڵľ޴ꡱȵسʵѸе顱ֵķġľ
㡭㡭㡭

ھ߽ʪУ˫ָϸ˿ỬƳľӨѩͷǽۼֵͦŮ⻨١޳񻬡ѩۻԲḧͣٸ۵Ĵȸţݸҧ̺콿۵ġ١⡣
ĺת٣ʺ콿޵ӣֿ֣ʼת۵ŮͷѪӲͦھԼǽխСڵҲԽԽֳ˵椵ǲ
㡭šš
㣬ߺ죬պؽתг弤崿߿˵ľɫ֬ϸĽĳ鶯һһµ䶯Ӧھռг塣
ھгߣضӿࡣ
ᡭᡭ㡭šššᡭᡭ㡭šššᡭᡭ㡭š
߻ȵת׵Ĵĺߡڣ⻬ѩͦӭϣתл
ššššᡭᡭ㡭šᡭһ㡭
̺κ죬ؽתֻ̺콿СȴŵĿɰǾ޴ߵĴֱһɹʪճĻҺǽĴİҺˮʪһƬ
ھ˵гٶºڿʼҲء̡šᡭᡭ㡭ššᡭ㡭šᡭᡭһ㡭
װ㣬벻Ȼôϲϲ
ھòɫдֱؽÿһ¶ֱǽСײ˶ԲĴӲͷǺݺݵض۵ġӹϡĿ籩ݲУǿŮҽԽԽ̡ýת

ھؽ§סһ˿ҡ⻬ϸѩ׵Լ壬ֺضȽʪĽСסǽ߿ˡỬ츾ӹڣһڵֱİӹڡ
ĳҲһΡ鴤ġҲزǴֱġȻǽʪճĤһ˱ƵĲơ츾޳񻬵ѩ͵𡢽ֱҲİӹһճıŮ
ھʱûйǶһ˳µݣһҪϳڡ
ˣҵ塣㿴ҵĴҪӣ
ھµݵ˫ȣͦ¸ǰʹ̹ȥһ̺ϴһͻΧ泩УͻĴһ롣
ھĹͷصľͷҵһ⻬磬ȫ˳һֱֽز嵽µصΪԵʣͷײڹ⻬Ĺϣھظо˳µݵۺ˶ֽγһ㣬ڲ롣ҪŸ߹ĴŮ塣
ھסµѩ׵β𾢵سͷһµײ۵ĻоϣŵѪĦųµϸ۵⣬ӵβھҵҡţھ˳ųµݰڶĽ࣬һδΰµƽ˴ϣ׵˫ſع̶ھǰ
Ǿ޴ڲͣطڹţÿһεĲͰΣʹĳ̶ȡš
µɬؽӣѩ񻬽һ˿ҵŮȲ䶯һ£޳ѩ΢΢һ̧ݷǡꡱؽѨԽ֮ʡ
ھǰнɵ˶ţһĿŸĶʵѨĽȼھĴ̼СµͦξӨ׽вͣش࣬ųµó׵̣ͬʱŰµ񡣳µݵƺҲ˷ӦҺԽԽ࣬ȫ˳ӣӨ׵ļ˲ƺҲ
㡭
µݱǿҵĳ̼ͦѩסһ˿ҵĽ壬߽䡣ò崿ľǴưѩ׽۵ľɫ̱͵ͨ죬ٸɬ㵫ʹĳ̧ѩͦС
ھϼӿ࣬ӲġꡱڳµݵòɫС˳µݡꡱýתһɹճġۡò崿ľɫ˳µݵȡھӿ͵ԡɵľɫ˳µǳһ˿ҡ޹ǵѩʶţ޴ڳµСխѨиӴֱؽ
еĳµֻеǸִ˵ԽԽҰԼѨ̣׳˵ġԽԽġľԽԽ
ھԽԽҰس壬ªľް뵽ٸµǴδСο͡ٹȫ¶ӹȥڻаĳ鶯Укüγµݸо˶µĹ̹ͷ񴥶һصĲ֪ĵ˸еֹ̼֮ġϡµݲ񴭣תԼһǵĽҲɵýޡκ졣
ھ޼شظɣ̣һ˿ҡ޹ǵѩ壬ƾ߳ļɺͳ˵ĳ־µŪٱƵýת
µ䶯һ˿ҵĳ壬ȵƲꡢź塣ֻȵ䶯ųһ˿ҵѩµӭκͿתлǧ˳غ͡
ʱ˵彻ϴѾҺھëȫʪ͸µһƬëиǴӿ¶СѨһ𤻬ǵġ֭Һѽëʪһţŵëʪ˷ھִӲ˶ֺزµڣľް񱩵ײµСѨڣǽխѨкֱײ
ްĳ룬һɹİҺġСסްϵ롰̽ųµڵڡ׺ֱġ̡£޾ס۵ĳµݵѨʥࡢδСĽޱȡʪġڡΪߴ𡢽ӵſ
òɫĳµݷܵĩ˴ġʥءУһľУٸ۽ɬо㣬ǶѨߵĹ̹ͷǡһ𡭡µͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢµݽӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵ȡ
־·ĳ塢̣ڣµһĽ䣬ͳʴǵĿУлŮĸ߷壬߳Ķܲǿ̼µݻιȥˡ
ھһǿҵĳ塢룬ѾˣٸղһĽ䣬Լڽļָ߳ʱѨڵŪĻѸٵһγ˶̵Ļߣһ§סµԲİѩΣһֽ§ס޹ǡӯӯһյϸֺµݵֻͲȥִߴһҰ԰ռкĿȣϻȵش̽µݵѨֱµխĻѨڣֱġסٳ㽿ӵ˶ԲĹ̹ͷضסµݵһĥһŨ̵ճǼ֡۽ߴϣֱµİӹڡ
ĺһ̣ԼŨŨ̵ؽڳµݵĽϣǻ̵ڳµеһ崿ĳµٴΡһ䣬˹޳ѩ׵͵ظ߸𡢽ֱ̱ھϣһ˫ѩ׵ҲΰסļʮаָҲڽͷһ˿ҡ޹ǹѩ׽һӡġӹһɱٸҺµѩһΰس鴤£ߺ죬Σޣ̱˴ϣھҲǵһߺ߳˵ţޱȡ


051 ݵСƨƨ
ھڴϰƽĸŮ֮󣬿ڴͷóԼ޺̵ȼ
ĸøղ𣿡
ھųĸŮǣ

Ů˵
ھٺһЦ˵һϰߣԼ˯ŮˣϣڶԸҵ𣿡
Ůһ£˵Ҷʮˣ㡭ҲҪҺһ𣿡
˵⻰ʱЩԥҪ֪ھ˯֮Ȼ뿪ھȴìܣϾԼǰйˣҡͻˡ
ھЦűסһ£ЦҿɲּƽˡֻҪӦһұ֤պñںõö࡭
ţŮ˵Ҳһ
Ű֥Ĭһ£˵԰ҽҼľѻǸɱ𣿡
Ű֥ĸ׾ӣĻŵǮǼǾʮѣŰ֥ҲϣھһֻǡҪȷһУ
ǵȻˣ
ھٺһЦѹŰ֥ĽϣģЩ˵С飬֪𣿡
šлл㣬Ҹһ𡭡
Ű֥ЦУҲйˣǿǿڴҵ⡭
İɣһǿܳ˵ǵҵĹ˾ģҰӰǵķزǣǲ᲻ҵӵġ
ھǺЦųµݺ˵ء
µݺһЦסھ˵ھҲҪŮˡ
̫ˣҺܸˣ
ھЦűסŮ
ڶϣھӷ߳ȴǿֵܺܳɡ
ǻû߰
ھһ¡
ǰ
ܳЦҲҹġôھĿ𣿡
ھǺһЦ˵ȻˣҪ˵ϣܷŰ֥µݺϣҵŮˣ
һ£ܳ˵û⣬ȫû⡭
ǿҲ˵˵˵ǿŰ֥ȻǱϾֻǸŮˣЩǮȱľŮֻҪ׬ǮʲôŮ˵ò
ھǺһЦǻ˻֣˵Ŷˣ
˵ţھ̤˳ȥŰ֥ŮһԼ뿪ġ
ھصԼ۵ıСڿӡ
ŮһڿʲôӰ
ھЦŷԼ˵
һЦ˵ɵ˼ڿ°ӴأⲿϷ˼ϲˣ
Ŷ°ӣ֥ݵģ
ھŵ˵ⲻǰ֥𣿿ׯòʱھд󶯡
֥Ҳʮɣޡ츾ҪϡھЦ
ɵЦúЩAƬ˺񰡣
ݿھһۣðôһ仰ˡ
ھһ£һѱסɳϵݣ˵ðСݣ͵AƬˣǲǰ
ݳһھɵ˼ҡ˼ҵ嶼㿴ˡAƬզˣ
֮Ѿͷδ꣬ЩǲԣɵҪúýѵѵ㡭
˵ţھݵӣһƿȹӡ
ɵ
ݴһ
ھȹ¶ķۺɫڿŵСƨɣٺһЦ˵ȻҪƨˣ

еɵ˼Ҷ12ˡԡ
ھŲôأһѽڿʱΧһƬѩ׵Ůƨɾչھǰ
Ůƨְۣɵö᲻ôˡ
ھ˵ţ֣žһĴݷ۵ϡ

ݽлһȴǲҽУһֺʴǵĽкΪھƨɵַʮºͣڸܵ΢ʹͬʱоһǿҵؿУؽгھĴ˫ΣĿھݸβʱ
ھƨɲʹво˲ݽһʶҪӱܣǽε屻ǯڱУֻŤ˲һյĽɵ˼ûС
ίͳһ˿ʪˮɵǻ˾Ȼ˼ҡ
ھݵĽԼвŤ޵Ļ·ڸزĦһ̧ѩĴһ¡
һ¾Щֻһ飬ͻȻĵһ˵ĸоʹЩãԾģоȻء˳
ھȫʹ֮ɫȴһˮ㣬촽һһ⣬һ֮ɫ
ѵĹ˹ھ˿ڿˮʶһ¡
ƺƶ㻬оھ̲סѩΰһѡ
Ŷ
ֻһƣǴЩħϷһƬҺɫ
ϢԽ̲סһһǣǿ
žž
ھ䣬Ĵ򣬽ԼǶԻԲỬԾ˵ĽСĴƬƬ
ɵšš
ݵý壬徵ĽҲ˴ƬƬĶ˺Σĵþˡ
ھĨĻȽʢаЦ׺Ůɵ֪AƬĺ
䣬Ҫ
ݾ޹ǵ͵زٿȻԲҲûκν㡣
ھȻĽ̽صĽС֮ȼˣ޳ָһ㣬ݽҵӦ
ǿ߲Ƭպϵķ󻨰꣬¶ǿŽ飬ھȻȴĹճǶ޵Ļʢģ
Ҫɵˡ
ݽҵѩ׵Σһеؾ
Ů˵ҪʱʵǺҪھ޳ָ·һǿĵխ˽ܵĻ̼΢΢źϡ
ҷӦھзɫһɻѸٵȼҰ޵
ݽֱӲͦοܵȻ۽ǻ䣬ɵ
鲻Խͦӭھָڶˡ
ھݶұָ̬ⲻͣòŻе飬ȴƹϸıҸ£סֻ΢΢ѩ۵飬ʼתš꣬档

糺ͨھƴǿȫҪڻˡ
ھÿһ´඼òˣһˢ֫ٺ
Ȼ󣬼ת˲֮䣬ݽε忪ʼҲ˽֮Ҳĳ鴤һֵļУ۵Ļ꼱ٿϣһӨ˵ճҺ
Ҳڼȴ̼Ŀи߳ھʵıУƺܰ۵ڡ
Ů˺öˮ
ھɢŨŨĽ壬մĵ֭ҺĨϣջζСݣ벻볢Լζ
΢΢ˮʵؿķۼϾĽ޵ĺΣʲôʲôζ
ھֵ˵õ廨¶ˮʪᴽ΢΢һЦζ

ʶ綡㣬ӹ꣬ģϵˮҰдһ˿΢ζ⴫һص𡭡

ھһ˿΢ͷס̺޵Ĵ꣬˱ơ
ݱĨ˻֭Һĺ촽Ⱦһǰղܣھ͵̰ʳŴϵҺʱ˶ġ
ݱǵԺߵƮƮɣʶھĹòϢҵͬҡڵҶ
֪˶ãδھԳ룬δ촽̰׺ݣ𡭡
š
ݵ
ǺǣɵԼҪԺʱ䣬ġ
ھЦЦ۰Ů̫СԼҲģֻš


052 ֥
ھܿϵԼı
ϣԼ֥ŮʿҼԷ
ھֱ˵˵

һ£˵ⲻװɣҪ֪֥ѾǰˣڼӣԷƺʵ
ھһЦ˵еø֮һԷġ
˵ţھӳóһƬݸ
һۣһ˵ܣЩǴõģ
ھһЦ˵Ȼҵֻ˵ЩƬܲܰѰ뵽ܣȥ죬֪𣿡
Ǻǣ֪ˣЩƬȻûˡ
һЦƬ˵Щ֥һĲϡ
ھЦھԼԽԽ޳ܡˡ
֥йӰԱ70۵ӰŮǡҡ
1973μСѡĴŮӰ1976Ʊһġ1977ݸıԴɽĵӾ硶󱨸ΤһǵԳͷء1979ݡ㡷ġءɫڸ̨Ǳ죬Ϊߵ̨Ĵ󻨵ͬ˳Ӱ١Ӧμ׶ءȹʵӰչӳ
1980ݵӾ硶Ϻ̲ݵġ̡̳ƾ˽ɫ20ߵ̨Ů֮һ19801985Ϊܻӭˡ1987ݸıơġҦľһǴ˺˽ӽŮǽ1991Ϸ˵硶Ϸ˵Ǭ¡֥ݼŮǣй½λ
1991̨֥Ůѡٵһƾ1992̨ӹ˾ʮġ°Ӵ桷֥ġӡܹϲһһӿ񳱣ٻ1992ꡰ̨ԱƬа񡱹ھ
֥ѾӵĸˣɷƽѾ꣬һӣǰǺǰƺΰģһǸڵɷƽġ
ƽ֪ˣںܶӰӾгݶ졣׶شѧѧʿ1996ݴѧҩʿļݵעҩʦִҵʦ۴ʦԱ1997ӢʦԱ1997Эḱ᳤Աޱ´ѷѯʼ۱ҵḱ᳤˵Ǹҵгɵˡ
֥ѾϷˣڼӣĴӺͶӶѾˣѧɷѾȥϰˣ֥ڼҿӡ
ںɷסһƽ׵С㣬һС԰Ӿأܰ
ʱ֥ڿŵӣʮʱ˿ʲôۼŶׯòֱ˵ǣŮǣŮϢޱȵ۲
ŮȻѾѮǾĴ˶
ˡʱ򣬺Ȼˡ
֥һϽվߵűȥš
ţһİˡ֥һʵ˭
ֻǺһЦ˵Ůʿǰɣܸ˼㡭

֥üͷ˵ƺʶ㡭
ھ£һ֪ɣ
Ц
ھ˵Ǹ½׸
֥
ǺһЦ˵ģǵܲӰԣȥıԶٷϣǰȥ磡
Է
֥ҡͷȥڱϾз֮ʵڲʺȥ˳Էֻлĺˡ
Ǻǡ
ϵ֥ô˵ӻȡһŷ⣬ݸ֥˵ɣӡ
֥һ£ŷ⣬һЩƬ֥һЩƬʱ򣬵ʱɫɷס
Ȼ壬һһĻ棬Ǹ˲ǱˣߵĵӰ֣
˵֣֥飬ȦǺ֡
ǶΪ֣Źپǵ굼·ʷϼУʵҲƻ֣ϼŮʵ֥
1977֣꣬ϼ飬ΪʱϼȦĴŮǣԣ֣ܿҲⳡʼȵ
ڶ֣꣬뵱ʱĴŮ֥ĵӾ硶ǡ֪ȴϷ飬׹밮ӡ
1979֣ٴǣ֥ݵӾ硶㡷Ĭĺʹ˵ϵøӼ᲻ɴݣֲסջջûзסһߣ㵱ʱ֥Ѿ飬Ȼ͵顣ǲú֥֮еػ֣ĺӣʱ÷ϵ֥Ϊ¶ѣѸƺΰϾ˹ϵµĵڶӣʵ֣ģǻƺΰ
˲֪ǼĪΪƺΰܿ췢֥֣ĵ顣1982꣬ƺΰȻ֥飬˻֥Ҳʼֱ׳֣ţʱϼȴһֱڹΪ֥ʹŮڰϱԲ껹ӽϼɺýãһϼ͸ỳ֮ĵˡ
1984꣬ĵ֣ھ鿪ʼپʶϼһֱΪپƻҪԪסֱӵϼΪ̲סȻһ촳֣Ϸֳݺݵ˹ٴŮһǶ⣬ýͳšȦͬл䣺֣ϼ鱾Ǵ֥ģ˭֪ϵһ崿Ĺپã֣Եʱӵ֥Ѳ̫Ȥˣǣ1989پ˳顣
Եʱȫ˶Ϊپ֣ϼΨһԭһҰҺ޵Ĺپ̫ϧ֣֣⵽ķ飬ȻؿΪ֪شܣһţҲʵס
ЩƬѾ˶֥꣬ҲǵãǵԼ֣ƬЩƬ֥ˡ
㡭ǵʲôˡʲô
֥˵
Ǻǣ˵ˣˡ
ЦЩƬ㲻ڸֽͷ棬ñ˸ϰԼᡭ
˵ţѵַ˵֥Ȼתߡ
֥һ仰Ҳ˵


053 в֥
ϵʱھıѾ׼º͵ͣ͵šӡ֥ǰͲˡھҲŵΪ֥һ
СѾͷ嵽ĵطȥסˣ͵֥ǰ
ʱڣˡ
ھﳪšҪաĸǰȥš
ſˣֻſڣ֥һԥվ档Ŀʱ֥סˡ
չʮ֥ٸķ飬гġǰһ˵ļͦ鷿ʣڰɫĳµڸ£ʵֻɫֽİסǷ鷿ɫʽƺȫڸǷ顣˿ĸ߼˫¶һ鹵
ɫ˿ס֥Բ̵β޳ϸµȣɫĸ߸Ьһ޾׵ףüĿ촽Ըˣ鹵˼ϸ֫Σ͹£ٸŮԵĿھڸ
ھʱˣףΪɶŮôܵô˵ΪʥСŮʦʣֻԶ۲¡
ʵϴεǩԼʽ֥Ҳȥˣʱ֥Ҳȥո֣ھûע⣬ھʱҲæŮ֮գҲû
ʱھ֥ˣ
ˣ֥㣬ӭ㣡
ھЦȥ֡
֥ɫѿǿһ˿΢Цھ֣˵ãҺܸˣܺ㹲͡
ɣ
ھЦ
֥֮ھǺһЦ˵֥ҪҪιҵķӣ
ҪˣǸƬ
֥Ƭھȴ˵Ȼ֥㲻Ը⣬ǾͿʼòͰɣ
֥û취ֻôӦ
ϣȵķˣ֥ȴ˿ûʳ
֥㡭
ھЦŶźƣһڣ˵лֱ˵αµأ
ǸЩƬô¶
֥ʳԼСʱһֱϵ⡣
Ҫ֪֣ɲǹϣ磬ûյȺã֥࣬Ҳ֥ʵ벻ףЩƬģ
ھһЦ˵֥㣬ЩƬޣ˵ʵҲǴӶ෽õģ֥Ҳܻٵ¶ˮԵɣ

֥ɫͨ죬粻ԥƬ̣˵㡭ܲܰƬ͵Ƭң
Ǻǣԣ
ھЦ
𣿡
֥ʱϲ
Ҫαң
ھ΢Цʵ
֥ش𣺡һȥ׼һݷ𡭡
ھ֥Ļ˵ǮҶǣϣлңҰɣ٣٣
֥ھĻ־ŭһ˫ھ㡭˵ʲô
ھЦ˵˵塭
ž
һԭ֥ŭ֮˦ھһ⣬ޣΣҾԲ飡ߣҲ⡭
˵ŭ__ȥ
ھϾ뿪ɳЦ˵㲻عƬ𣿡
֥һͣ˽ŲĲһ
ھ֥ͣ˽Ų˵ֻҪһ뿪ţٺ٣ҿԱ֤йϰգ֪֥ܶôġ
֥ӯˮתбŭھ
ھ֥ʱ飬ԼԸִԸ񣬸ܹŮˣܽɾ͸۷塣\ҡҶʮˣ㻹Ȥ
֥
ھЦǿɲ֥УԶĲǣ
֥ĬȻ
ھ˵˷ʱ䣬Ը͹ԹߣúңԸھͿ뿪
֥ãڻƶŲĬĬھֻж̶̼ӣھȴʮ֮ãݏҪӿһ㡣
졭һġ㡭һҪ֤Ƭ͵Ƭң
֥˵֮Ҳܲסеı
ھ˷ܵ˵ͬԼ彻Щգ𣿡
ǵģԸáҵ彻Щա
֥ûھĺ⣬ȥˮش


054 Ū֥
ϲھȲһѱס֥Ľҽ⿪ǰťۣ֥ڣֱǷͦĽϡֱϣѾޱȵָ꣬۹⻬أһִĿСǺھ˫֥ߵĽ飬鹵ķѹʳָѸٲ鹵ķָᰴ鹵µѹۣķָʳָͬʱһֿ漴ҵһԷͦ˽飬ھ

һʱ֥Ҳ̲ס裬ˮʼ۽
ȻʱھⱧоϵ֥ķ۾ţ鲻Խķv㣡ĺ㣬Ůζਡਡਡਡਡ
֥˫գ£εٰܵ裬ʱھ֥ͣ˱ˣȻ޷ܵھͷ֥ӣϣʹ֥İѷһԡ
ʱھǿа֥ת˹ЦŶ֥˵׺İ٣٣ҿ㻹ǹԹԵҰɣһƷ塣ЩԸеƬ
ھв֥ˮԴԴֻܾر˫ĵ˫ص˵ͷ
ھ˵ԣСſͷ
֥ǿֻſǲ˿ںӣС죬࡭
ھͷ֥޺ӣŽ˵СຬУͷţȻͻȻһֱҰ˱ţӺֿʼھܶʼһȵ༼ǹ֥֥ռ֥
֥ھǼ֮£޵ԼݏһӾһ籩֥꣬һ֮ﾭĻǣҪѣֻȫѱɣرھ¥ڻھΪΪ
ڣ˵촽ֿˣھڵҵ֥Сվѹϵ·ס˿֮⣬һ
֥ȻѾھǵԼΪ޵ݣ֧ǣʹšȺţʱھءءŹҰɣѾɷͺˣ㣡Ҫ
ھЦԸ⣿뿪٣٣
ھĻ֥׾ˣվˮ˵סĳŵ򡭡ҲŹ㣡
֥һ˫ˮ˵֮˫ֽʽ׽ű½ǣظһͦ׽ű½ǵ˫֣ͻȻһֱxǼ䣬ǰС֥ͷϣڰ𪽿۵¶нɫ˿֡
ۡˣͦô󰡣ھͷ̾š
ǰһĻɰھ˸סˣ֥ѩ׻۵㼡ϣһԷͦ̽飬Ȼͦţϸɫ˿һƣԭнֱȻ޵׵汭֯⻨οյ˿ֱ
ھ˿̲žԭ֥ĵͦǿ޵׵汭𣬶㹻ǲ򵥣˰ֵļƷ鰡
ھ֪û޵׵汭֣һŮܴϣΪûǲŮ˻ӭģΪŮ֣ҪĿǵ̼ͦԸУһ԰˵ķ飬Ǿˡ
֯⻨ο˿֣֥ķϲͬ죬Ϊ֥ӵһԼȷ̵ֵľ飬ֱӯûԼҡʹֵ˿鲨ɢԸе̬˿οżէֽСۺСͶʱ˿ھֵķۺСͶյ
ھ룺Ů˺ϡаŮҵˣʵڴҲ
ھ֥ǰ鰵֮ʣͻȻСĵϡ
ʱھξѰѣԭ֥ѽµСĶڵذϣһ˫ѩ֬ڽ⿪Ŀӣӽֻ֥䵽ذϣ֥䣬¶ȹ
ʱСȹ覵ȼϣ컬䣬һɫ˿οСڿ㣬֥˫ȼϣҺãȫûס֥۵ߣԼ˫޳𪡢Ը˵ȡ
֥һֽǰѱھɿӵ֣߷ߵ˫ȼɫСڿ£һ׵ھϡ
һԸǿּ֥ڿ׵ҵϣĲңھš
ϧǣֻ֬ĴдָȴӶ껬סƬ·ݣͼ赲ھǿӵĿ⣬Ϊ޵֣ԸôǿŮˣ֮һɷǰ¶Լ֮ʣʼջֳӵıܡȻ֥޷⣬ȴǺʤԸĿǣúǿ֥޷ӾԼĵˡ
֥һֻźֱۣŰϢأһֱֻۣס֮Ů˽֮ȻǼȵҰӱھİĿ⡣
ֱ鿴ھУݏھھ˫ʢжǰŸ߹ʵľٸְ֥ھҪʱǰһĻȴھס˰Ρ
֥˫ۺھһ֮󣬽˫󱳣ظһ֥ͦǰ֬شӺǰ棬Ҵ䣬κڵĶ
ʱİ֥޳ϵİɫ˿֮⣬Ѿվھǰ˫ûҪĲλͦ߸߼ͦû˿´ļǵۺɫͶССѰ֮ϸµ޳ԣǿ΢΢¡Сɽ𣬳ɢëֻϧ£ȣʹھ޷һŮѨ֮ء
֥˫գˮͣ˳䡭
ھĵشӲ輸óһߵ֥ͻȻ֥һ˫ץסѸ֥ԸеĽڼϣҡ
Ҫʲô!֥ھһ׽һһֵػʧɫʼŤҷ˾
ھᣬ֥ĽڴϣӴͷóһɫ֥ѩ׽˹ȥȰ֥һ˫ס˫ץס֥⻬ϸ۵磬һ⣬һһ֥ΧƹȥϾ˼鹵ϣɫأεذֱϡ
һи㶨֮ھֽ֥۵Ľ˻Ŀѣ㼡ʺɫھ֥ԸеĽɢһģھҲܲסѹ֥Ľ˫ֽסԼѾá߹󲻿ַ
ҲҪ
֥ʱһţһ߿޺ˡ
һдδ辽ȵĴ˱Ƽ飬һձɫƬбŰŮһ㣬⵽󣬴ʱ֥߹ݏ˼̤һ㣬̲סʹʧ
Ǻܿأ֥Ŀ޽ֹˣֻǷԺͷ΢
ΪʱھͣٶȽ֥ӣСռˣһ˫ִƣҰް֥GԸеĽϣ޼ɵذš
ʱھǽͷ֥Ŀǻµӣϣһֱǵķ۾ȥţھֽ֥Ľ˹˱ǽ׻۵ıߡ
֥ǿ̱ȴоůԼӿƵģĸоȻѵȴǿָоһһʰ
ھļʵڸ֥覵ĽھŰ֮£㺹ˣһſ޵滨ߺֳһ棬֥ϵŤ۵ĽǱǰ
ءءҪ
֥ذš
ʱھֽ֥ߺţſͣһεؽ֥ӣסھ˳ͷ֥ĿǻУŸ˱֥иĽҺ˫ִʵ֣ҲѾס֥ǶԻ嵯ͦĽ飬شวš

֥ŷ
ţھͷǣ˳֥ķ۾磬һ·Ƕ˰ֵѩ׽¶ȥھ鹵ʼһֱ£֥ͣǷ۵ͶϣǽӵķۺСͷȻھ֣ûŲ֥һ۵СͶͬʱѱھָⲦŪš
ҪŹҰɣ
֥Ľš
ھǸһĵŪ֮£֥е񣬵ЩϵǿҷӦʹ֥˫۽ߵСͶѾԼʶĿƣ͹֥ǣʹţš
ʱధءءŹҰɡɷġҡܶԲɷ򰡣
һߣھ֥ǰ˵飬һ˱ţһſغסǷۺ콿۵СͶҧţ⣬ɵСͶΧתȦȦͣطţھ֥ƵģʱĽҺ֥һԳԽ飬ʪܵͣش֥ķ˱Ҹ£ؽҺմ֥覵Ľϡ
֥Ȼ˫ţͼӱǰĿֲ񣬵ԼоȴΪʱھֻħƣ֥޳۵ĴϰŴڲ࣬ؽˡ
Ҫ
֥Ľƴн˫׵ȣҵŤŽҴԸеС﷢һʹİء
ʱھֻŮ˵ħƣѴ֥еѨˡ
СҪ
ʱ֥ȫ鴤
ھ촽֥ߣһţһЦ˵ۣǱƯСѨɫ״޿ޣʵ̫ˣһ᳹׵壬ǰˣ
˵֮ھָָ⣬طذ֥ƬмŪţ֥̽ɵλã˿̵ھ֥ܵǱԼļ裬ķӦʹ֥ҺѴѨˡ
ҪҪ
֥棬Ը˵һ˫ȣţżھȥ
ھ֥ŵһ̣䲻׽סףٽ֥һֻţԼļϣ˫ס֥Բͦ⣬ھ촽Ƶ֥ȼѨߣû뵽֥ѨˣǰƬۺɫ񴽣ϸ彿ۣӤĿɰѨǿССķۺɫջ֣˴ߡ
Ҫʲô
֥ھһ׽ŵûʧɫʼҷ
ھȻ֥ľͷѨ롭
ھ㡭ʲôҪܶġ
֥ڶűھڼϵ˫ȣͣ޺š
ھ֥˫ȿסʹ޷ͷֻСѨͷȥĴҵĿ˱˫ڽ۷ĥǿССķۺɫ촽ϣɨ
֥ǵ޵ĴŮ۶֭ѨܿӿŨҺŮ˹Ȼڲͬ߳ñȽϿ죬Ϊ֥˫ѾʼĲ
Ҫ̫̼ʲôܲˡҡô
֥ͣţͻȻһŤѩ׽󸿵G巢ǿҵ𵴡
֥ͣʱھֻ֥ҡͷü̬û뵽ͻȻ֮䣬ھȴ۶֭ѨһůķҺŪʪһƬ
ھвãȻҪͷܷҵأΨн֮ʹй֥Ѩھþţ֮Ŀ˱֥ѨͷйһһɵķҺȫ
ô֡ܲˡҪ
֥Ľܿ˰ߵ
֥ĽһΣѪеѨһɹ̵ҺйھϣʹģһƬҲӰ죬ھ룺Ȼô֭Ǿ쾡µһΣиӡ󡭡
ٽ֥Ѩݺݵһ
šΪΡᡭ⡭ܲˡҪءء
֥˻ߴ֮ڴϣھУ֥ǰδе˷߳еѨͣس鴤ţӣ΢ţͣؽϢš
֥𣿡
ھ֥ɰıڻ֥ͣߺֱˮմ֥Ľ
Ϣһھվѹȫڳ˵ľ޴ľŭ֥ǰ֥˼סˣ˲Ұףʧôܣ⡭ô󡭡ҪŪҵģ
ھѸϴ̣֥סĽڴϣվ֥ǰ޴ľֱָ֥ĺ촽С졣֥ţ̧ͷǰ˵һĻ
ھЦſ˵ҵ֥СֵҺú÷һˣٺ٣
֥˫¶ֵĿ⣬ش𣺡ҲᡭҡҲǡġҪˡ
ھЦһһץס֥Ʈݵ㷢֥ſںʹ֮ʣһ޴ľ֥ĺ촽СС
֥ﺬھ޴ľ˫£֥һ֮дδ裬Լǰֿ֣ɷҲδҪڽԼеĵһα޳ܵռᣬ뵽ԲԼɷ򣬱

ֻ֥ܽɷԺͷ΢׶ѪؿԼҵ
ʱھ˫ֽ֥ͷƶţֻھ޴ľϵ֥Ŀгcţھ˸߹ٸӣСﱻȺԼľ޴ľƬGεĺ촽Լľɵһ󼤵ӿ˳cٶȡ

֥رš
ʱֹ֥ھ޴ľҰĳͣҴ˿̵ݏ۵ھȼھ֥ſı飬ʪ͸ˮxǼʹ˷ܣеȣھ˼ҵĳcѾûˣ
ٺٺ٣ı飬ðСรŪҺΪ˽㣬һѾҺϣ
ھ˷ܵؽе
ʧɫ֥ھ˵Ҫϣŵ³ӣСľ޴ľھ˫Ѿ֥ͷϣ޴ľ֥Сǳ飬֥޷뱻ķΧֵ񽥽زپ֣Ķصȴһ̵ĵ
̵ľ.ҺӿľǰˣǿҵĿʹ侫ܲϵͣھſ±Լ֥һͷ㷢ɢҵѩ׵ϣԵóھɲǼĿУɵøߺһ˵Ҫ
ھ޴ľ֥ӣСcһxǣھٵؽ޴ľ֥ӣС졣
Ȼ֥Ƽھ޴ľ뿪Сʱ弴ܣͼӱܱھĶˡ
ϧھһ׽֥ںĳһֲͣŪӲͦľ޴ľԥؽŨ׵ȳ.Һȫ䵽֥ߺϣÿһεľ.Һ֥߹ķۼϣֱͦıϣ޺콿۵촽ϣγһҵľ
֥˫صڴϣͣϸϸţҷʹıţءء
ھóʪֽز֥ϵľ.Һھ֥Լ΢Ľ̲סΪ侫µľ޴ľٶȰ
֥ŵϽ˫ϵţѾ˰ɣ㣡Ұɣءء
šš
֥ھһȵǼɣѾ׵ıˣϵشӽɵСƺ
ھ˱֥ѣ֥ƵĽϿָ֥ỬͦĽΪذࡣ
Ҫ١ϷŪˡֱӲ塭ҡҲˡ
֥Ťҵҡͷɢҵķ˿ϵĴھСš
ھҧ֥ŶĶ֥Ķ˵ңԲԣ
֥㺹صͷ˵ҡҹԡҡһ㡭
ھʱѾ֥ԼۼɫǺۣ˵ҽ˵ʲôҪ˵ҵ˼֪𣿡
֥Ѿҵĵزھźϣ֥ѩ׽ɢҵζػشţҡ֪㡭
ھſ֥׾޳һ˫ȣҹ֥˫֮䣬˵˵Ը⵱ҵ鸾ҵŮˡҵū𣿡
֥ҡͷ˵ҡ˵㡭𡭡˵㡭
٣٣㲻˵ûϵ
˵ץž޴֥εСϣĥš
һ֥ˣЪ˹ؿţҡܲˡ˵˵ءء
ھδͣ¶Ŵȵ˵
֥޵滨һ㣬˫ֽرͷߵ˵ҡҡԸ⵱ġ鸾ġŮˡġū
ھ֥ѾȫԼ֮£֪ʱѾ죬㽫޴ز֥ʪխѨ
ô󡭡ʹ
֥εϣĵļ͸ߺ죬Ůĵзӵ˼¡
ھ˾ˣԼںδ
มม
֥գüմھҺߺϣʪĹ󣬽εϾʹ뼫ֵı飬֥̲ס˾ú֮ϲáжˮ
ھʵѾԼ£Լ޴֥޴ز֥ҺĵѨ󲻸ҽгcֻǽֻ֥𤻬Һϸű֥Ѩȫݵϲá
ʱ֥΢΢شһ䶯ݏ˱ھ޴ھΪ˷ܣ룺ϵŮˣʵ̫ˣ
֥ˮ߰Ťϸѩ׵Ľзлţ΢ŵʺӣϵطھĽมมô󰡡ǰมܡܲˡม
ھſ֥Ľ˫ִ֥۵ҸѣմȾ֥ͷ£һ֧ң˰ťĵرװİ˾ȽʽӰӲͬĽǶŴϽŵĳŮ
ھĳcС֥Ķ˵˵ͶϡõģĸԸ鲻Խĸϴ
֥ԺһƬңں㷢֥ҵҡͷɢҵط裬Ծ˻ţมมǡͶϡม顭áҡǡĸʡԸ顭鲻Խ㡭มϴม
ھ޴سc֥ỬѨ˵˵㰮ңðң
֥˫ֽץסݏѴ˺һ㣺ҡҰ㡭Һáð㡭졭쵽ˡ
ھӿһcٶȣ˵˵ɷ̫С޷㣬ֻҵĴõָ߳
ھ޴ļ£֥ϸ⣬cĲͣϹ𣬽˵มɷ򡭡̫С޷㡭ҡֻ㡭Ĵมܡҵõมָ߳ɡˡ
˵֥һΣﵽ˻԰߳
ھ֥Ķ˵˵Ѿҵūˣ˿Խ֥ū
֥֮Уھ޷˼֪Լ˵ĻѾӰˣֻ˳ӵش˻ҡѾǡġԡūǡҵˡˡԡҲɡūมม
ҵ֥ū
ھʵ
֥ŤŰ覵Ըнȫ㺹ϵضڴϣţมม֥ū֡Ҫˡ
ǻлл˽֥ūСѨ˵֥ūϲ˼
ھ֥۵Ķʵ
֥ڼֵĻ䣬Ѩ˺ѵĿȺţมมллˡ롭֥ūСѨ֥ūϲˡมม
ǿҵ߳ӿΣϵؿϮ֥ĽڣܶGٸ֥ڼҵĵڶθ߳ʱĿף˹ȥ
ھ֥˹ȥͣ˼Ķͷ֥ߺھԼĿˮͿ֥޹ѩ׽ֱ̣
ӡš
һĻĵ̣֥ھ֮£خdѹ
ھ̶˵§֥Ľһμӿٶȣ֥Ử֭Ѩﾡ
มม
һѱھ񱩵ؼc֥ھҵĶcĺмֻ֮˫ɫץ۵İ۽飬ھļǰš
ھ֥Ķ˵˵ܹΪ˵ū֥ūĸ֥ūҸ
มมܹɡΪ˵ġū֥ūġ֥ūáҸ
֥š˻š
ھĿѾɣ㱧֥ѩ׽֥Լ޴֮ϣھͷ˵֥ūֵúȡˡ
֥һе԰δʱڶ෬Ĵ߻£ֻҡţײھëʱܼϿʴɧУ֥ҡεĶԽԽÿײʱԽܽʹ֥࣬ź˫֣ھ׳˶һ㻬ķ飬ھǰͣزš
ھ֥ԼϽĵ̬ɵһβͦ١֥Ѩﱻͻǿҿд̼̲סһ㡭ม졭มมมҪͣ
֥Ƭ۷񴽣ܵذסھ޴ţ֥խѨѱ޴ſ˼ޣѵ˺Ѫ
ม١롭
ǵ֥Ȼ֪ʹҡͷɢҵطһͷ˿ҷմڲھˮĽϣĵģԵ쳣ࡣ
ھҲܲס֥Ļĵ̬ڽŨľҺ֥ӹĽ֥֮ٶȻԹȥ
ھȫſڵ֥ϣ˯ȥǾ޴Ȼ֥ӹ֮С


055 ֥
ھֻ˯Сʱ˹ؽǾ޴֥ӹ֮г˳ذŻ㣬ؿ֥ѩۼϵָǺֵۣ˷ܣֻҪ֥һе඼ʲôˡ
ھһ֥߳ӣվ¿㣬֥֮ǰ·ȹӡ֡ڿ㡢˿ࡢ߸ЬƤȵеĶȫǫ̃һѻյƱҲ⡣һд󹦸ʱھغһ߽ԡϴ
˰ͷھ߳ԡңֻΧһԡ֥ѩỬĽԣ˯֥ߺ콿۵ԼѣĽ飬óһȲĺɫɴСǶԼɴȹ֥ԸеĽԣ߳ҡ
ȲĺɫɴСǶԼȹھƶƵģǶ볤ȹģȹм俪ֱ߲ھֽ븧Լ񲿣·ֻǶϵϸϵھŮ˴ϱһ˿ƻѪ
ھʼӰǰӰĻ棬֮ʡ޵Ḷ́ھõĵϲţԼɳϣȣһһԼĽ
ھ˷ܵһ˯ҲûУ˿ʱ䣬޼֥ӦҪˣ뵽ûаɹ֥ڱϣͷҲʰøɸɾֻ֥ܴԼΪ׼Ը˯£һ뵽ھɫԵЦˡ
Ȼϣھϸ΢Ŀھתͷһſڣֻ֥ѵطǽڣһһ߳ңԸа𪽿ھΪ׼Ը˯¡
Ŷҵ˯ˣˣߣ
ھԼֱߵɳ˵
֥ȴۺףĵۿﷺ⣬һǰ޺޵ĵھдſǻί޵˵ء㡭·ˣ
ҲϰԼŮվŸҽ
ھ˵
㡭ҪĶѾõˣԷŹ˰ɣء
֥뵽Լ׵ѱھۣѻ٣Ļں޽Ҳסˮ˳
ֻ˵Ƭ㣬û˵ŹŶ
ھбۿŸ߹Ըе֥˵
㡭㲻ã
֥ףָھ
ھĿ˵ǵҿ˵˵㵱ʱӦҵĻ
֥ߵػشȻǵã˵Ըҵ彻ЩƬ
ھЦ˵ûļͦõģ˵ֻǰƬ㣬ҵģԣԶˣ
֥ھĻȫݏѣҡͷ˵Ҳ˼ҡұƭˡұƭˡ
ھ˵벻뿴Ƭ͵ƬϿҲ˵ͬĻ
֥ǿѵߵھߣӯӯ¡
ھһ§ס֥һִԱߵĳȡ˵ƬԻе֥˵㿴ǵƬûƭɣ
֥ھ§סɵ΢΢һھ֮£ֻƾھԼ۵ĽⰮ
֥ھֻϵĵƬ˿ûи˾뵽ԼħƣδĿֲˣãȻ֪
ھؽ֥˼§ڻʹޣ鷢й
һֱȵ֥ƽ֮ھ輸ϵĵң¿أʼԼľĽөĻϽεεŮǸ߹Ըе֥
֥өĻϴϤ˽дһȻ̧ͷ˫ֱөĻھħ޳ܣΪȫԼԼĹȫ¼
֥߷ѵŭھ۵ѩϰ֣վⱰĹҲó㡢㡭
ھ˿Ϊ⣬ЦܾʰɣӰ⣬һܻӭģ˵𣿹
֥㡭㡭ҡ
ھЦ˵˵أΪҲھͷ˵Ļжô࣬ΰҼ㣡ҪǱɷ˿ٺ٣ʲô
ءء㡭̫ˣЩĻ˵ġءء
֥ҵ˼㣬˵
ұ˵ģ٣٣ͷ˵Ļֻü㲻ظ֪ɷŲ㣿
ھض֥ʩѹھҪռ֥壬Ҫõġ
뵽Լҵֻ֥þݣ۳˱ˣ˵ô졭Ҹô졭
ھ§ס֥۰磬ʧǵһڣ˵ҵ֥СģֻҪӽԺ󣬹ԹԵظң˳ӵصҵŮˣǳأ˵𣿡
ھ˵߽ԭ§ס֥֣֥Ҹ˱ɴǶסǷͦѩ۽飻һֻḧ֥˳󌣬ͷԼļϣ֥ķ㡣
ھ˵ʵѾҵŮˣɷ򻹿Ͻ㣬㻹صɷļָָ㣬˳Ū˵ǲ׷ģĴֻɷ򡢺Զðӡ
֥ھĻһ룺ȻţǾ䶼ʵ飬Ѿ޷ͷˡʹھʹԼĻòѾھ۵壬ôʸصԼɷأʱ֥ĲԱͷ
ʱھ㣬Գ֥˽Լϣ˫ִӺɫɴǶ˽ȥס˫㻬˰ֵķ飻֥ͷѱھļϣھ촽ϣ֥ͣ۾硣
ھ֥Ķߺβ˵ԹԵؽԼиңһչһӵģġ
֥ľңݏһûĳޣھذڲŪԼĽ֥ر˫峺ġǵƾھԼǡ
֥ļҵؽսţԼһֱӵڣ֮һ档ħ˵ûԼٻصɷ뺢ӵߣοħԼ㣬Լ̰»᲻ϧһдۣҪȫռԼ˺Լɷ뺢ӣԣһᡭһ뵽ˣ֥˸һĪĿ־УĵȻ
ʱ֥ʹ¾ӣƽ˵Ӧ£ұŵ㣬Ϲ飬֥ھŮˡ
˵£ھϲĻشš
֥Ŀ˵ǰĪ˵һ𲻵ýӽɦҵĺԼˡ
ھæش𣺡û⣡ڶأ
֥ˮ˵ڶΪ׸ԺҵĶ֧ã
ãҲû⣡ÿԸ֥һڸ۱ңȥĶӾˡ
֥ھİԼ֮£彿ֻܰߵص˵ͷ
֥֮ɷ飬ΪھŮˡ


056 Ϳɹ
Ժһ硣
ھһγŸԼĸŮǳˮɹչԡΪѾͷ뵽ȥˣھǸİŮԲεġ
ǳˮųơµһ塱ҲСġ֮ߴԵɳ̲ǳˮӢΪRepulse Bay RepulseΪ ˡ֮⣬ǰһҸѲߴӢս֡
ǳˮ۵֮ϣɽΣ»̲ƽ˾ˮɳϸɳ̲ྻˮǳҶůˮʮ϶ʮ϶֮䣬ǸŪʤأҲ˱羰գ㽭˾֮һġָľǳˮĺԡ
ʱ̲ϣھݻӾ£ǵɫӾ£СڽӾµУһ˱ǶϢھʮֿģһôõŮǲ
ǵȵļٵԺʵвŮϷıȻᣬ񻣬ھɫǾԵۻ
ٺ٣ز
ۣƯֻزС˵
ǰ͹̣Ѩۣƨɴ󣡺ٺ١
ھ޳ܵضЩŮŵСѾͷھߣЩĵ˵ɵܲôɫ㿴㣬Ӷˣѵ˼ұЩŮ˲𣿡
˵ţͦͦССز
ǺǣСѾͷɵ鰡Ӿȥ㣡
ھһݵƨЦ
һ죬ھ˸Ȼˮˣ
ھЦţī¶źı顣
Բ
ʱ򣬺Ȼһھţ˵ľȻһ£תͷһȴʱסˡ
ֻǰһʮ˾ĸȻŮվǰ飬ţ񻣬ˣǰڱȻڰڵһԺ飬ھ۹ʢ
ļѩףǰ͹̣ϸһ޷˵ǿȻоȻᣬǸＶŮ
ңŮھܾе죬ƺһ
ã𣿡
ھҲ˵ģţҲ˵
ǸŮܸˣ˵̫ˣ⺣̲ҵһܸҽˣ
ھһЦ˵Сձˣ
ǰҽз
ŮЦ

ھһĵѵ
ǰھΪһСݣҲпAƬϰߣڵʱйܶϲʦƬӵĴǰ£ھȴƫŮƬֻмסһ
Yuma Kazamaڣ197922ߣ160cmѪͣO ΧB94 W59 H93ͬʱŰ˵زβڷͣΧߴ93cmΧҲﵽ90cmŷǳǻģļŮ˳Ů˵ζҪŮ·ߣݼҲȽϵλǱܻݣܻŵ硣Ʒ϶࣬Ҳܾҵء
ھʱϸһɲ𣿴ŮɲǷȻᣬôǾһŮھʱϲĵû뵽ôһŮ
Ǻǣãҽھ֪ʲô¶𣿷С㣿
ھЦ
˵ģǴձεģһɳ̲ܰͿͿɹ𣿡

ھ۾һͿɹͣ¶
ãû⣡У֣ھɣ
ھ΢Цѩ׻ıʵ˷ܲѣôõĻ˷񲻿ϧ
ھùķɹͣߣĹۿ˶ıѣ뵽ܷ£˫ֲɶһ£ⲻǺ£˷ܡ
ھĽɹ͵ڷ⻬ļϣʼͿĨھַ죬֪ЩλĨöŻŮ
ھ˫ڷ⻬ļ粿ѹţƤϷɹ͵󻬣ָиǾˡ
ţھַܲ
գһȻŮ˵е㶼ǴͬСġ
ھԸˣȴƤ˳Ծ̫ˡ
ƶ죬ͻ˵Щˣй춼ô𣿰˵ٻŮӣ
һЦڹȴȫȻһӸ˵ζ
ֻҪŮ˱ûвԸģԽŮԽϲ˵ھװżӸϽֱŵЦҿû˵ٻǳȥ˿϶˵ҵѣ˵ҵš
ôԽ˵Խûˡ
ŭ
Ҳԣ˵Ķġ
ھװί˵ȴϲղŹںʣΪľһ̽ӷķӦû˵ķС
˵Ҳţ˫ּڷ⻬ıϸѹļãµ٣ϸ۵ƤģȫһŮģ
ˡ
Ц
ھ˫ֱӴӷļ򻬵˱ڷֻһȻӾ£ֻһɫĿӣԼָǸɫĿӣ̽⿪ˣ´໬䣬Ѿκڵسǰھ˫ֻ棬ϸۻĴдһӿĿԳʵ֣һɿʡ
סھôѡ
ֻǷһȣ֮ȥΪھ˫Ѿʼڷ²ͣˡ
⿪źͿġֻҪ˶һɡ
ھԵس޵
Цھ֪ƶܣ㵱ʲô
ûֹ˫ϼƺѾĬϣҪˣ˭ջ˭أ
ļãһ˶鷿ʮּͦʱΪؿ۱⿪ɫɢ䵽ϣҲ޷ڵסǶԺ飬ſԵƶѹزĴѩ׵¶ھǰȫѪҺӿͷȻھضѩ׵⣬ŬԼƽԼǧ򲻿ɼꡣ
˼ע˫ϣʱ΢İţóȫļɣͼʹ⣬˲ܰϣļչȥ˵Ҳһȫ氮弡ľʱлӱ˴˵ܶȡ
ʱȻԼزعͷ᲻
˵ŷ·ʶʲôնʱȾһΣæתͷȥ
š
ͷһھԽΪ񣬶ڼ͵ļûʧʼһѹֵȻ΢ھϸ֮£Ե
Խһˣھ˫ֵĻΧıǰչ̾ԵȻ˫ֵĴָѹڷں࣬סǰĸָǰ̽Ȼ΢΢£ƣϻƶĺԱ֣Ϊܹĸоƣھָ϶ḧ鷿ָĸоھ֪ԥҪҪֹ֪ȥãԼ޷ָоһִûΪŮӦйĸо
ڷԥʱھָѾ˷ѩ׷⣬ָָͨϸ崥УԺŰװ⣬۶ֳԵ·ʱڻָ⣬ָ
ھ
һľ
𣿡
ھȷӦ˫ֱһĨ˵ķ뿪ŷ壬»صıϣȻֻǷ鷿࣬ȻָֻһӶͷĸоȴޱȵĴ̼˷ܣӷٻķӦٱǲָ֪Ĵ̼
ھ˫ִӷıϻղŷƶȻٴӹܹ鷿ĸоһδָԣ˫ԽԽǰ˽ŷĸϸÿθָָᰴĶ꣬Ľָ΢زѾȫ˼İǵܸܵĨɹˣڷѾ޷Լڵֻſһھİһ߽ˡ
ھǰѾ˵ϰȫˣֻΪſŶû¶ȫ鷿˫ֲͣζڷ⻬ϸظ֮䣬ܻûдѩ鷿Ŀֽһ


057 ɳ̲ƴϣ
ʱھԼͷɳ̲ϵ˸˵ԼܿˣˣȴԼˣȻҲŵԼ˵ĺ¶
ȻǴŴھذظⲢѾȫȥеĹǣԷֿ˫ȻӭˣϾǸŮ·ҪһһѣҪľǾѹʮҪ֪ձŮˣһǺܿµġ
ս˫֣оз⴫ľ˵ԣֻ鷿Ե֣ʱӱǻзһ̴ٵšھ𡭡
ϲ㰴Ħ𣿡
ھȻֲе⣬̷ſ˫֣ڻܵʱ֪ˬ֣÷Ůʱϲ˵ҪġҪˣǾԻ㣬ʹϲ˵
ʵĲҪʣĦġ
ȻʱȫԼǵһھҲɳֵ̲ط̶֡ˬ족ľٶ˻Ӧβ˫ѹظ֮£Դ˫̽ظ俪ʼ󣬷΢̧βֻѹסԼ鷿ظպñ˫ֵƶ·Բѹס˫ֵȻǱʾˡ
ھɰԸˣʲôҲûʾǾˣҪľǰˣ΢ЦŻ˫ƶ룬ָָ˷ѩ׻Ķᰴѹද£ָػȦĺ̼ȫ΢زţھܿѩ׹⻬ıһϸСȻβ˫ֻķΧҲָ֮
ھһָϸϸظŷĸһ߿ʼӾ簮ĳ̶ȣֵָỮŷƤһ·ϣֱ鷿ԵֹͣʱھһĶʼ
ھָ鷿Ե·𻭼ؿʼӷ鹴飬ٴ黮飬ӾԵڷĸػԲȦھѾܿˣԲȦټӴһ㣬˵·ݣ뵽⣬̿Ȼﲻһ
ھ˫ֵع£ѾѹӿɶƵ÷˵ֿԭĸ֮ĵİһкһ㡣
ܿھ㷢ַһֱסؾȻҲ̧̽һ£ȻѾǶ˶ͦ鿪Ÿˣû˳ŷ˼ǶѾõ壬ָֻǵԾ˵ϲ᲻صػһ¡
ھ
һ֮ӷĺеѪҺ·˲䱻˵ȼھҪѳֲסѹȥһƽе궯ϲֱֱȥ԰϶ԣϲƿµĶŮĹ̸ԡ
ڵĶӺݸ߹Բķϣݲݵؽһ㿼Ǿǲɷ̱֮£ҲΪԺĿǡ
ڷûнһʾ֮ǰھĶߣһںסԲĶҧסȻһ˱һͷơ
šš
һõ˫鲻Խ쵽棬ھպͷھݺʪͷڷ۵ĲϺһַһʪʪӡֻصĶ䡣
ȵĺĶ䣬ھҧĶһּΪ˵ҸĴҲĨϷɹͺ𣿡
ġšһʾͬ⣬ܶû˵ʲôܿ϶ղһĻشԼһжص㡣
ھ˫ִӷѩ׹⻬ĸջأЩɹУ˷ȻܵСȣʮָ·ͷһϸشӷСȿʼ¸ҲûУڳţȺƯҲְ
ֻǺߺ˼ʾشһһҺ˵רĵԼַָ˫ȡ
ھ˫ͣڷµ˫ϡɷ۵ĽƣԲɰĽֺӨһȾĽָףʹûҲ˷Ī
ھϸϸе㣬ÿһֺ춼ҪĦȷϲ©κһطԲɰĽֺصעƾŷɹ͵󻬣ָĽֺУصسţЩķۺɫֺȫھָ
ͨ죬˫Ŀ˿ŷϸϸϢֺ̬кݺݳ˼¡มม
˫ҧ촽һʴǵھͣ¶󻹴Ϣ˺һᣬбᲨ˿˫һ䣬⻵ˡ
ھҲ̲סһоĴյ֮𣬿Ҫӿˣ˫ַŵ˷۵ĴϣֱӻԲȵڲ࣬һȵķ飬дĲָо˵
ھƼᶨƶʱָŷڲ۶ޱȵļⰮڲΪĴ̼ԶԶ˰Ů˴ڲ౾á
˵ǰһֱֿѹֵĻôڷѾʼ˼ɵйһ糱Ŀˣ߹ŵķָڲƶһ˵ĽĿھȫѪҺ˲ֱʱëȥ
ھָڷĴڲϻһһԲȦӽȸķ𴦣ָӾı߷ỮżŪһ۵ļม
ѾһƬ
ھٴδյĶߣ۾׼
ͷһۣ⻵һʲôҪǲŸʶ
˵ھĻԹԱ˫ۡ
֮Ҫ÷۾һھղڷһжǴĨɹӣֻǸһͻԼߵɣֻҪԼҵ˽ڣİõض䣬ҪһҪҳµɣ÷۾еĸоеԼĿУڷתͷѵΨһĶ̿㣬Ѽͦϵ˳޴ɺͷڿһ¶ޱȵ
š
ƺʲôһ޵·ڴߴϽж
ھ˫ϥֿٽС𣬿ȥеӾƣΪԺܺãõĻŪ˷򵥵ƶԷ˵ѣھں棬סֻķ۽һ¼ס壬˫ʶһ˫ֵĹ̶΢һ±㲻ٷĺԱøΪ٣ȻԤϵҪӴھǻȹ̵ȻȻŵԺ
ھŷ۵ĽӲȵȻϻƶɹ͵Ȼɵڷ֮鶯ʱ˶ͷᶥŪ۵ĽģһӲӲԺгֳÿһεĶĥһ˻ĽŷԲĽֺԼȻϲͣ䶯бһֱš
ڴ֮ǰھδԭȻŻ˵ˬ죬ͷŷĵ⣬һֻŲ£ʾ⣬ԶʼɰĽֺھһòһֻķ۵ͷһĥ
û뵽Ҳһ˶ھ˷һ䣬ĿתΪ˫ȴ󿪶ԵԽԲʵԲϣ¡ΰѺɫӾŵñޱȣӾ򽫷ȸ˽չ¶ɣһͷ¡Ĵ󻨰걻ӾԼɼмһСӾУѩ׵βźɫӾγһջھ˫ֺݺס˷βม
ھ͵ϮŪһ߰
ھһ⣬ϴ£Ӿ㣬һɣٽιУ߸¡ѩĳǰ
žһ죬ӷḶ̌ھʶѩ׵һơ
ھû
۵Ҳһҫ۵ˣ漴һɫӡظڷѩ׵ΰϣŷƨĺɫӡھûظеһ󼢿ʣҲһĪŰһĿС
ھԷԹæ޶ãžһΰҲһɫӡھ䣬ƵġžžŷƼٵ˲Һͷӿѩ쳹ӾصϿգܿѩ׵ΰϱ㲼ھɫӡͣظŷβԭϸѩѾ΢΢̣ĸο·ֿʼʵ˵һ£ƶء
ָоڷȰƵĸоʵ̫ˣҿӣоҲ˷ܣھڷڲ෢һƬӨˮաƨɣھķΣȻˮˣһĻ氡
ھ쵽ȼ䣬ŴڲһΣһСƬˮУŵķǰ䣬ֻǴʱȻԼǵ˫ֻסԼ˶鷿ȻֻŮʶұ˵ֻһľٶˡ
ھֻմ۵쵽ǰһĶ˵۾ʲô
ƺѾ֪ھҪʲôˣ˫ۣߵͨ죬ʹšһ½ھͻ۸ˣ۸˼ҡ
۸أ۰ء
ھЦһͦȵͷײ˷ϣһݣԵʱͽͷס
һĿȴǰһֻմԼ۵֣š
һָϽ۾
ھסһ߹̶һζβһ߻ڶƤϻԲȦŷһľؿڵϲ
ûлشھֻھšһ£ҲøӼ٣ھմˮַŵ£һᴵ۵Ķ䣺ζɧ
һ£ûлشͻȻתͷ˿˫ۿھ޺һڽմԼ۵ָ˿Уھ΢΢һ㶣Լʧڷĺ촽䣬һůǻңһʪһزմָϵĻһ˱ʧһɶ
³ھָھ촽һԴζ̵ҺĿж˹֣ھһ˵̬ϢŽҵζó𣿡
ھδ뵽ȻῪʼǰɧģѾǴĲ鵴ˡ
ھ¿еĴˮ΢Цζζɧֺóԡ
ŷͨպˮ˫ЦҰҲĨϷɹͰɡ
ޡɫǡ
ֱĿ
ھ˫ִӷҸ̽һסǰԲ壬Ƿ˶ӣֻһƬ壬һָУ۵ָھͣŷֻ壬ů鷿仯״
ھָסֻ嶥˵ķۺɫʱƱ˹ͷһ㣬̱ĻڣھзͷѸͦӲСھǦʺƤ
ס𣬻ƽͷѹһఴھŷ˫飬˫Уǰֻ͵ֻ·԰ͦӣˣҪĿ


058 ɳ̲ƴ£
𣬴ˬˬ
ھͷŷڿеزŰͦϸֻھƣʮӲָ룬Сɷۺ򱻼ƴǰ͹Ե޶Ŀ
มˬھš̺
ȫ¶ձŮ˱ɫһָھֱϣһԼ鷿һסĲӣ˿ؿšھ
ھŷ΢ĺ촽ܹܾݺȥͷ촽ʪһ𣬷ǻ׷𣬼ҵսУظоϵЩϸСĿ
ھǵÿҪ޷˶Է׷˱촽๴Уਣϸϸƣ໥ŶԷеĽҺŴӶԷ
ھŷסԶβϵȻܷܷһսˣ˫۾ŵؿھġôֺó
˵꾹Ҳ쵽ַֻǿȫھȻ֪뵽ʲô˫ֽŭͦ壬ͷȴؿļϣչ̣۾ȵĺٵϡ
ھŷ˿̺ߴĵĽ̬˫ֲһѡ
һǵĽ
ҵıô𣿡
ھаʵ
ššม
ھԲͷ󣬷˼Ļش
ҵıҵıĨЩͰɡ
ھ÷һֻסңһֻסȻżɬʼǰ׶Ȼڷϸţɬȴҵ׶һĿУ񾭡
ھͻȻ̽һסĴȸƽӾµĹȣʱȼסֵƣ˫Ҳ׶
һɻȴӷĹĹ͸ƣһƬ塣ϣʱĹĹʪһͿӾ㶼ѽ͸ھŷĻ꣬˳мİ죬һ̣մһֵĻۣһӱ
õһҵıҵĵһѨȴôɧˮ
ھ쵽ߣһڣţȸղŵĻҪ໹Ҫɧһȵء
ھʣĻȫĨ΢ĿУҲԼĴˮ֮ٶĿУû£ƷһᣬַطĿУ˵촽֮һӨ˿ߣޱȵ΢˫ۣԼĻۡ
ҸѨҲĨͰɡ
˵һק´ʱΨһӾ㣬ڳĻˡ
ھĴ˳ŷڲϵĴˮһֱĵǻȵĹĹһĹĹȥʮֹ⻬ĶһСķݣʱĹĹһƬŢٴһѻۣͿĨȻϡ
ŪļԽ죬ȻϷڳҺŸմĹ͹ĻͿƣطĭھŲһͷλãǰһӷۻΰм˽ȥ˶ͷһȵİݴ
ءҪ
ŤԲΰסͷȴڲͣŪȻ
ھŷһӣסʪܵĹĹȣԴ˹̶ס塣Ҫҵͷƨƨˡ
ڷջͷһĥ
ءมҪһ㡭ม
ʧͷ洫޴ѹеƤܸоЩջ״·۽ҧͷĶˡ
ʵϲû̫ĿУϵ˷ȴױȣֻҪһԼȻͱľջһһ߿Ѩھ˷ܵû
ȷ΢ƽһ㣬ھĶľջ̣еҵͷýǵһͱľջİɣϲͱľջҵͷͱľջһҵͷɡ
һ˵ͷһתȻԼľۣһһյ˱ھͷ
ľջûУҺϲͷľջ
ھ̲סһȻһֱҵ쵽ָľۡ
ţڴ֮ǰ޷
ղŷ˱ԼˮʱѾΪˣû뵽ܹһھȻͱԼջȥھľۣǷɧŮ˶Ϊѹ̫ãƺҪˡھظŪŷ𤻬ĹĹȣָͣĴС֮䣬ָĸоԺ״ֿʺĴ󻨰꣬Сָ꣬̽Ǹʪȵ磬Ѱ۵飬ᲦŪʱкŮ忪ʼָ
ھָѾ΢΢Ѩʱķۿǰһ£·ڴָؽ룬ȻδĿָǸڴȦ
ղֻСܵȥˣҪҪְ׽ѽ
ھЦŪ
š졭ҡ׽
βǰͦš
ʲô׽ѽ
ھʵ
áġָ
϶
ȥ׽ѽ
ھŪ
ҵġѨ
ԽԽСָǼš
Ҫ˵̫СĻܵܿ
ھ͵ѹס͹һ𶯡
ءõܵܣ졭ָ嵽ѨมָݺݵزѨء
ҲܲסǿҵĿУ
͡һ죬ھָѨ
ม
һ߿ǿҵǰ𣬾ҧסھͷѩ鷿·Ҫơ
ȡھָĵһоû룬ǷؽָڷţӷĹĹзһߴߴÿһγ嶼ƬƬ𤻬֭ƺʹȵǣָĽ룬ھȻȵķ֣ȻһӣΪָѾ˷ǱĴŮĤʵͰǰھĵĿϲ֪ӷɧģѹڵʵ̫̫ˣǰĴβھͷַŰҲձŮ˵ıְɡ
ҪҪˡ졭ٿһ㡭
ͷھļͰ㻬ĴȽס֣Ĺƴǰ
۹̽խѨţǻھ䶯ڽھָƺҪָĸ
һУԭھָһ壬Ȼﵽ߳ˡ
ԺгһĻ棬Ӿԣھӱ§ͬԼھһŷѩ̵ͦӣһַȸ۵ĹĹȣָѨµؽķ̱ھĻУһھִȻԼδľջһŪھҺ͸ţȻھָؼ´ﵽ߳
ҲһӣҲӣѨľʧҲɳؿھļ룬΢ź촽ڴڵشˮ
ھתָʮСģϾǴӣദĤֻȻܲƣھ̽ѰȻǻָĥ۵壬Щزûоͷ쳣һ粨˰䶯ֹ
ѨڶôˮõѨϲҿѨȵģģҵָء
ھЦ˵
ҪŪˡЪม
ھ÷˵ָ꣬Ѩ͵һµĻֻһ
ǺáҾռӣ
ھһЦֿ˫ȣ˵ҵġ
˵ţھ׼ʪ͸СԴ˿صŪȥ
ۡ
Ŵؽ룬ĴŮĤȫ˺ѿһۣǺܿģͱ԰ǿҿΧ޷ˡ
㡭ˬҲม
ھרעڳ͵ͬʱоӴĳƺһһĴÿεĲ붼ײܵѾþöûᵽ԰Уֿ𽥵ۻñҪܹйеϲã
۷סӣ뿪ֱͷָоͣŤ̰ȡ֣泩ޱȽճĵı飬ͷɢҡͷβ㺹졢š
Ӵáʹ졭㡭Ҫ˼Ӵ˼ܡܲˡมม
˫ȹסھɸʰ׵ĴƨھĴ塣ھ˼ʮ£ڵ²񫡣˫ֽ˫ȼڼϣڳϺƳļƣʼƵƵس͡
ھĽ߽۵ڵˮԽԽࡣĴ󱦱ȫխС۵ɣ۵ѨҧھĴ󱦱ھԼĴ󱦱ůˮţ˵ĳ졣
ţһһĿдھıȫȾھʹٶҲ͸ӵĿžһµĴ壬òͣŤŷ׵ƨɣǽ۵һ綯ɸһͣضʶ鷿ھĳڲͣ¶
ھƿĿԼͷĽϴֻǷ۵ĴСһһϵԼıҼˣҲ͸ӵ˷ԽԽ˷ܣڲ֪Ǵ˼֣һǵܣֿʼز
Ť塣ŤĶȴӾ˶ھıĴ̼ǰ۵ĴƨɲͣɸھıøˡޡھҪˣ
һ߸ܵĿһš顣
ھһݺݵس˰£ֱеִıڷ۵һֽĿСȴһ߹һԿСһһŪøӵ˷ˡ˽еҲԽԽˡǿҵĿһʱھĹͷе۵һµĳ鴤ѨһһŽЮűһһǵĥ۵⣬۵ƺһһµ˱Ĺͷ
ʱھֻһƣ÷ſɳ̲ϣ˷һȣͻȻʧȥĵķæְɳ̲ϣһסһȱھ̧ſʱʪ˵ȫ¶⣬ھִıݺݵĲС
Ŷô󣬺ǣҵ۵ˡ
ɧصھǴִıѨؼн˱ڴͬʱҲһĻζ
ý
ھıѨһУûһͬʱǰһͦһһͲ嵽ˡѱеԼıȶʪ۵ţűĴڲͣײ۵ƨɣžžžھ˷ˡ˫ַסѩ׵ƨɿʼ˻˶
žžž˼ʮ£ھ˷ܶͣžջ٣һֱ̬ڳһָֻ֣סľջһදָز˽ȥ
ͻĴ̼÷оƺڼŪ۵;ջٵ⿪ʼִͣıʹ׳ָ󣬱еȫһ˵ĿУ֡顢˵ˡδйĿֵĸо
ԽζĽ̼ھԭʼҰԣյĸˡٶȸе˷۵ĳ鴤һһģƺڹھıӴ׳ӼӲð۵Ŀ顣
ޡ׸磬Һù񫣬
һһĥǷʰ׵Ĵƨɣھĳ塣
ھ˷Ҳȥ˼ˣѹڷϣһֱסķۼ磬һĽ۴飬ִıһһϵ۵Ͳš
ɧ͵ŮˣȻҲһЩҵĳ棬㶦ƵĽŻǵһμҲ˷ޱȣԼǷ۵ĴűӣСڳ㳦һеܡ
ʹ÷Ҳ͸ӵ˷ˣھͬ˷ܵسţͣ졢ĳţȫû۵ּȫس۾΢ţ鷿صĶţƨŤţھǸӱЩƬŮǻҪˡ
ڱ۾ھĿУھʱʱ˶оԼƮڴϣһһḡһƮƶһ㣬Ķھɱţ˴˵廥ţǵĽϴ˵졣
ĳµо˷ܣϲھ鶯ĸоϲǿ׳ѹ壬ʱھıԼ۵س鶯Һϵôʹ̼
һĴϢ𽥵ش˫ֱھ涥ţھôҲ͸ظţÿ¾ذѱȥѩ׷Ҷţʵ鷿һһĲţϸСҡĽҲԽԽˡ
ھĶһͷŨڵĳڿӭ裬׾磬鷿ֻСﻶϸСԲĴƨһһ䣬ۺɫıһһ£龰Ҽˡ
Բϵҡţ򡰰มţһԺھֺһƣȥԼ͵棬ҲǻԲ鷿һ߼ӿ˳ٶȡǰڶԲ׵ƨӭţ¶ı飬ѹ⻬˵Ȱڵı䣬ڶײӭš
ھĶԽԽ죬ʱ÷۵ӿ䶯ٶȣֿ֪Ҫ߳ˣҲ͸ӿٵĳʱԲǿʶؽŵҡˡˡˡ̫ˬˡ
ھ֪Ѿ˸߳ͽĻģֻ۵˱űţӿ̵ıһĲھֻ̯Լ˫֣弤ҵĲţǰʵҲһĶؽе§ϣȻһһµĶţ޲ðڻԼ档
˵Ӻ˫óԵ۾ۼھˡСĵظšţ鼰ÿһǵĵطĸ£ԭѾҲԽԽǣ･Ҳ߽
ҵĽţǿеĴ̼˷ܵûһƬ۵ļϸһۺ졣ѾƮƮɵľ磬˵ĽⰻȻ˿ĽƵ䶯޳ѣֱŤֱҡ𣬽ؽƽ̹󻬵ƵƵͦȫӭھĳ塣
ĴԽԽ٣ھľȴԽԽԼͺƺ˾һȫƮƮģֺһʶģģģѷֲ嶫ϱ֪ԼʲôطеǰδеԶȥĸоֱ޷ݡ
ƨɾɸһҵİڶ˾ͺƮͻȻͻȻɸ߿ֱ£ԺһƬģһ󶶶һǿ˳ȥƽСͦ𣬽סھĸһתѩźԲĸ첲ȳۻצƵľھϣ鴤š

˽һһ֬Ũޱȵİ׽ȪӿƵֱüҴ΢ţ޾徵Ľ¶õЦݣӭһǿҵĸ߳
ھ߳˾ĸ͵Ǹ߳Ķ壬Ƿ޳ѩ׻Բ͵ظ߸𡢽ֱһ˫ѩ׵ҲΰסھļʮаָҲڽͷͽյûҲҶɬǰ
߳٣һ߹һ󣬶ھҲлĪУŴϴĿҲ͸ӵ˷һƣ˫ֱƨ۶ԼıȻҵĳǺˮĵ۵
һʤһǿҵĵĴ̼Ūһ񴭽䣬ҧ׽ֱ˸һ˶ȵ棬һͷںĳŤƮţȫѩһϸϸ㺹ѾǿҵġòϢġԭʼĴ̼ǣŽŮļָ߳ˬ˫һĻ˹ȥھҲڼ֮ԼľҺ


059 ÷
ھɫձŮϷйԼľ֮ʵˬǽһİҪ֪ձŮˣ⻹ǵһ
ʱķӿھĻ㣬ĴŮ֮ҵɳ̲԰Ͻˣ޵ĸл
ǸھЩ˲ῴǰɡ
һɫɫȺЩĵ˵
ھһЦֻڷ۵ϣģע⵽ǵġˣҵŮˣ𣿡
ʲô
һ£˵Ҫ𣿡
Ȼǡ
ھŮѹ£Ҫ㡭
ң
˲סˣ˵ѵھǮ𣿡
ţ
ھܳԾ˵ѵ㲻֪׸𣿡
ʲô׸
˲ɴ۾һŵؿھ׸
԰
ھﰡĵѵԼû
գգ˵˼ΪƽﲻϲֽҲ֪ھȻ׸ҪңһҶǮأ
ʱѾھŮˣҪ֪ģھһǮϾᣬʲôǽǮģ
һһǧ㿴ô
ھЦ
ʲô
һһǧ𰡣ǽӽʮԲǸʲô
˲䣬ͱھˣ
ھÿһǧ𣿡
ҪȷһΡ
ǵȻˣ
ھЦűס˷ӣ£˵Ѳһƭ㲻ɰ
ãھ˼ԺŮˣô˼ҡ˼ҶԸ⡭
Цھ
ھٺһЦһͷһֻ̽棬Ĺɼ䣺һҪúý㣡
Ҫ˵ˣ˼Һܣң
˵ţԴɬע
ھ΢΢һЦʱȴһھѹ£ɫĥ˵ļһ
˵ţһЦָһھ壬Ȼһڽľ

ھ̲ס˳
ЦЦ˱ĸɫ
ھһŷڽΪĿУһ߿ѩ׵ļʵ鷿ۺɫͷ¸Ũܵëڲס͹
Ըеķ崫У˫ѹ֮ھѾjֻ̣ռԼѨڡ
ھȻŷڵϣȻѹϡӵһ𣬲ͣؿǣͷھ͡
ھҲŷա촽ӣ˱ͷ촽ĴСܺëѾʪܵһƬھ˫ֲŨܵëŷһָֻһֻֻͣش١
ֻҴܣޱͲʼͬʱץסھͷͣذͷԼѹ
ŶھҺŶมáŶҡˡ
Ϣţӣòš
ʱھҲ̲סˣ˫򿪣˫űھƨɣ˫ȼھϡŷʳָָֿƬۺھӲĴ׼ˮͣڡھͻȻƨһ֧ûڣȻʹ³Ҳš
ԡҵɧѨˬӡáˬˡҪҡมԡ塭һ㡭ŶܲˡŶ
ھϵŬ£ȫ˾ΣͬʱѨǻʱ̰˱ھڷڽ֮£ûþھ侫ǿͷ
ม졭ɧޡ
ھƹϵķ÷Ȼķ񣬾ʹ侫ĳ嶯ΪӳɷȤھæѨ롣Ϊմˮ侫ͷƽ
ϢƬᣬھŰѷ˫̧ϣһֲͦ˽ȥѹŷ˫ŷĺĴ࣬ƨ³Ͳ͸ɡ
ڼҵؿͲУ岻ϵţ˵ޱȡ
ӡԡ죡ҰҡҸҵɧѨˬˡ
ھĴͣؽּȥˮͣ
һĿмԺһƬطɫjաֻ֨֨ĳٵĴϢҵԼļС
ڷĴ˽£ھԽԽ˷ܣһͲ١ھҰް㷢زɣƺҪѨòŸġ
ŶҵѽˬˡҪӡˡٴһ㡭ҡҿˡҪˡˬˡ
Ѿ÷ۼ糺죬˽дֱ岻ͣزţӹǿҵ̵ӿҲѰĵɳ̲ϣ
⵽ҺĳھҲһ£̲סеมˬˡҪˡม
ھֻһһɣҲ̲סˣһŨȵľҺķӹ֮˽رһ𣬻ว塣
󣬷ƺҪ˹ȥʶšھҲˣ°Ӿװڻָܵĺƽ
ԴˣҲΪھ󹬵һԱ


060 ʫǱ
ʫйŮԱ1997ѡС㾺ѡüʽߵ̨Ȧ
ʫȦֻǸˣеϣܹõһᣬһԼܹĻᣡ
ȦǱʫҲأΪ˺죬ҲԸ顣
ߵ̨ˣʫ֪ԼҪϣܹھߴУǾǷǳġ
ǣôܹھϹϵأʫΣΪ֪еŮԱǸ޷߸߲İ칫ҵġھҲ˾
죬ʫȴҵһᣬھȷʵ˹˾ƺ㿪һϷɲǸʫ͵͵ŵ¥ȥˡ
ʱ߰칫ڣھڿǰһݾ籾ʱɳ̲һΣѾȥˡ
𣿡
ſڴһСѯ
˭ѽ
ھһ£ǰȥš
㣿ʫ
ھſվŵŮʱ򣬵ʱסˡ
ʫ165CMƤѩ׷ۣزͦT֧ԲԲСƽɫţпԲβ
촩ϸ߸ЬʫԵøЬǡô͹߸ߵĽŹھĴţпĵ˫֮ѲﲻһȻǩԼѾһˣô˵ҲһʮСûɴҲ
ʫôˣɣ
ھŮǾԲܾģ¸Ͻʫ
ʫ֮ԥһ£˵ܣʵǡϣϣҡҡ
˵ʫȴôҲܰѽĻ˵ȴ˲β
ھѾ鳡ˣ￴ʫƯƯǰҪԼʮ˷ܡ
ʫѽߵĹԱ˵ˣ쿴㣬Ȼ
ھϰԵذСֵֿʼŪС鷿ΪȥСļѾͷ治
ܣ𡭡
ʫŵ֣ϾǸŮʵǺܺ¡
еѽھ˸ƣʼظĦĸһֻ֮䣬ſӸι졣Сﱻûأû˷־
ɹˣھ΢Ц˵ɣʫһᰲϲϷȥ¶¶ģ£Ǵϰ壬ʱһ㰲ŸõĽɫĲŻʩչллˣܣĴһᱨġ
ʫ˵ţ
㿴㣬ⲻǼôŮܲƼ𣿡
ھССֵ֣ĿƯѽ
ܡҸ㰴Ħɡ
ʫͻȻھѾ⿪˿ӣ˳ŵָ֮䣬ܸеǺڴֵĶ¶ȣϵôУļ󷢽
ʫ̫Ưˣ·ˣҺúõĶһ£ķչҪѽ
ھԼ·ǿĽ⿪С
ǰھʫߵصͷԼţ㣬¶˺ɫ˿СãTΧʧȥ鷿ԾԾǰţڿĺСӺѾƨɹ̵ͦķ΢΢ЩſھĿʱֱ㶵ͣСеԼӺ
ھòٴθ̾ĳŮԾڲͬʮС˵ĽǴݲУҲʮѻ鸾Ů˵͵ĿС
ھ˫ԼдܸоŮϸָԼĵŮԵָĦĺʡʫ鷿ﲻϱ任״̲ס̾мᣬдᣬƷʱѽھʫ˰칫ҵĴϣ˿̵ʫֽץŴ˫ȴţʴɢŷۺɫĹȥڻǽأһ뵽ܻδ˵Ĵ󼦰Ͳھͱǿˡ
ھʫȥڴϣƨɸ߸һֻƵ棬ԼƬ⣬¶ɫ
ƣʫеΣѾû˷ʱջŤŤˡ
ʫоھϸĿԼ̶һȣиӲӲĶζƨɣĴ̼ҡǰʹ鷿Ҳͣػζ
ʫ˵ҺУʱֻ̣ĸоҲ˴δʸо
ִڲˣʫĴŮĤˣ۵ֱ˫ȱھץţֻʹŤ֫һһ£ھϰļ
ȫȫؽʫں󣬵ʥʫǾ޴ޱȵ͵䣬ü壬һֲʹõĽ
ھһֻסʫ˻ӯӯϸһֻס磬óһֻѱСһԼʫּذܣ󡭡㡭ššҰɡҰɡܲˡҺ۰
֪һǧġòɵľɫDֻھ
ʫŤŹ⻬ࡢһ˿ҵѩ壬ܵزսСԵ䶯ڣ妲ڣסǿҰִߣȹֵ̡Ĥơی˶ڵĹͷ
ʫ߻ȵػӦھߵĳ壬ӭ߶ӹĶһһ𤻬ŨҺȪӿ񹵣ѩĴȡԽԽصʫխСڳ鶯룬ʫСխҲԽԽȹ̡ʪ֣ۻڴ׳ߵķĦ£ؿʼн֡ޱȵĤȵؽڳ鶯Ĵ׳ϡ
ھԽԽصĳ壬Ҳʫǰˡ϶ĽԽԽԽԽ٣šššššššš
ô󡭡͡𡭡มͣ
ھ֪ʫԼľ޴󣬿һӶԳܣÿζǰϷŪˮڲʱҲǾܵĻ֮ǰǰϷ̫㣬ʹˮͬʱԼҲ޷ܿҪ𣬱ͣӦжļƻҲգͣϳֻʼʱܵ㣬ֲ˵Ϊ˼ʹ˫ַſŵͷ𣬰磬ʹԼſẬס鷿ϵͷҧʱͷɨ
Ŷ㡭㻵ˡ֪˼ҡ̫Сɲ¡δζôҪ˼ˡ
ƴʹѽţȡ֮ǿҵĿвͣĴیֱԼʣѽʣ಻ͳͳɣﻹεأ˿̵Ϊոո߳У˴ĿбŴĳʵƮƶˣֻԼİ˿³ȥԶҪ
˵ķκھ֪ʱĲѾȥԼԷ־µļˡ˵ոھе˼ɵĻڵѾûκ֣پ룬ֱӹҰĽֱһʱײʫ쳹ڡ
ֻʫھĳͣβͣɸӭϣžžײŰ֮ڶĵĻھӵĿ񱩾ģھʫܶĿҳۣʫ񣬿вͣţð̫ˡ١Ŷԡ̫ˡ֡ˡˡҲˡ
ʫͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢʫӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵С˾ĽţԼԹһʱ䣬ʫܲסǹɾֻ߳ʫͻȻһ٣ȫ̧ͷеܡˡáˬ
žžײҺƤĥھͣضıں﷢ײʹʫ˷ܵصš
ԼڳŪʮԺھͻȻ¸߰ʫεĿһۣŰԹСѾͷ棬ھֳһ˿飬΢ǰһ£ȻְʫͷԼĿ䣬׳ʱҺǵһִи촭¬زԥһԼǰձƬпĳʼͷھϸţ촽գػš
ſµŮоԼɱʲô̼ˣо۵ͷţھڵԽԽߡسţÿһ¶Ů˺ӿ֫һɿУȫйСѾͷ͸ߵľӣʫһɰɫľҺԼ˳ʱɫߺ
ھһЦٴŪ˼Ĵ󼦰ָͣ۷磬ֽʫѹ£塣
ʫߺԽӵؽתţݏڻӦСڵĽ
ھǧġһ˿ҡŮʫ̴ִڽϳͣתߣʫǰڰϵĶ͵ؿղھҽϵĽ״ϵһƬƬǽʱߵ޵ݡ
ΪͬʱһɹȻճˮ߽ϵ촦й˳ཿѩȥβʱѱһƬš
ʫʫ̽ΣߺһƬھʫĽխвϵس嶥ţʫκ죬ĺӵؽתţӦÿһ¼塭컴ɫ칫ҡ
˵ĽӴѾһƬǽ壬ʫҲھĳ嶯ײķ죬ʫɼ֭ھÿγ岻Ϸɽоیľ￪ʼʹʫ֪ҲＫޣھĶΡ
ðҪˡ졭ҡɡ
֪ԼЧʱ˵̼һϽеġҡйˡ
ɲʱһתȫסĳ鴤ھֻʫһǿתļвſߣеھʣæ߽ĵסⲻͣĥתתʫëֱ·˾⣬һļУһ̵ĺӿ̵ھ߲סھ˫һһͦһֱסʫԲѩ׵Σһ§סʫ˻֯ϸվ

ʫһתİ䣬һͦˣʫеǻڵĴ׳͵Сһͦʧǵһʫҡҡ׹ܵһ˫źѩ۽رסܡϡһھʥĸ߹ʫֵظе߶Ǵ˶ԲĹ̹ͷѾʵʵضеĽیµӹϡ
һԾŮسк彻еһ߳ʱʫһ󼱴ٵؽ񴭣ܡ
һDް˽Ӵɫޱߵڴʫѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţҧھͷļУʫһᵽĽ߳
ֻʫգϽߵκͼҽϸ߳ĺϣɫ崿ʫŮ񣬺һ˵ͼ
ʮӺʫȻ˯ţ׵ڴĳԵøľӨ˿ббţû±ݲеĺۼԽ¶һ὿ĵĳ֮
ʱھǴִʫСڳ˰˰ٰʮ£㱧Σֱӹ·ҪԼѪһ,ʫڵǿĦһp飬ټڽϺ߳УСխڵס׳һΡʪ۵Ĥز׳˶߰һա
ھǼϣòˡߣһڳþȫƵؽ޴ޱȵʫȽխ͵һ壬ʫһ䣬ҧü壬ӨӽյжǿϲˮһŮ˵Ů彻ļ֮ۡˮʱĹͷʫС޴Ĺͷӹڣͷһͺ𣬱ڼھ䣬̵ɽҽƵģӹ̵ȥ糱Ŀ˲佫ûھٴαɵ߳


061 
칫ڣھʫˣʱ῿ԼĻʮ㡣
ʫ̫ˡҪ㣬׵ذ죡
ھḧʫ˵ļЦ
ʫھķǳ㣬ʱһЦ˵š˼ҲˡܣĻ˼
ǰ
ھЦұ֤ú㡭ǣӴ˾ҵŮˣ𣿡
šֻҪң˼Ůˣû⡭
ʫҲûʲôѾԸھһˡ
ھЦޱȡ
ھʫ֮һڰ칫￴ղûľ籾籾ͽСѰؼǡûھѾѰؼǵİȨ׼Ͷˡ
ѰؼǡǰTVBıһΣǶԭ˵ıĲɹھԼģȻԼˡ
ϰ塭
ʱ˽
ʲô¶
ھһʵ
ġз
ϵݸھ
ھһ£򿪿һ£ֻ۴󸻺ӢġΪ98ˮᣬܵ˵Ǵ½ˮˣ۵ĸҪĴ½ƨԸ˸ᣬҪ½ھںϡ
98ˮ
ھһ£Լƺ¶ˡ
1998곤1954һȫԴˮ6Ѯͥ۶ꡢʹѸӡˮͳѴͬӰ죬ʡؽλ625ȫ߳ˮλϾվ߳λ76մ9.90mؽϵ624÷76ճ÷ؽλߣںˮ裬γԵϾ档ػӶɽվˮλ10.28mʷλվˮλ11.29mˮλ1.79m
1998ˮӰ췶Χ㡢ʱ䳤ֺءڵ쵼£¿飬йˮ̷˾޴ãֺɵʧȫ29ʡֱϽУ˲̶ͬȵĺֺݸʡͳƣũ2229꣨3.34Ķ1378꣨2.07Ķ4150ˣ685䣬ֱӾʧ2551Ԫϡɹšֵʡء
1998곤ĺˮ1931ꡢ1954һȫ͵ĴˮˮûΧ19311954ҪٵöࣺˮûΧС1931ɵ̾300ദμȫ͡1954ɵ̾60ദƽԭʯŽ졢ߺȳͣˮû317꣨4755Ķ·ж100졣1998곤ɵֻоŽһڣҼ֮ڶ¿ڳɹؽкͽͨû͡θͶͥ1075û32.1꣨482Ķ19.7꣨295Ķ漰˿229ˣϰΪصϪΪϴΪ⣬̲١ڱͳδˮУ193114.5ˣ19543.3ˣ 1998صʡ1562ˣҴ󲿷ɽɽ顢ʯ
񣬴½ڷˮԼȻ¶ˣǵģ̫Ǹˡ
ȥ߻ңʱһ׼ʱǰȥμӵġ
ھͷֹҵԼǾҪμӵġ
1998815գһϣǻ齨ᣬϣپƵС
ۣкܶģһ˵־ۻᣬϲҲҪһһۡ
ξΪ½ģҲǴٽ۴½ϵĺûᣬǳӣرٶǴԼĶϼĳԱȫ嵽
ϣپƵһӵʮʷľƵƷƣһ԰ȫʶ۵ϣپƵƹ˾׿Խ죬ԪؽйͳĻ뵱ʽĽһ𡣴ɳǿΧɣʱ޵ɫʣ˱ܰʣʯͽᾧ״Ƶ䣬װξԶׯ洦Կǰȼٵ̽羫ӢӰǣǿﰲĵܶȼٵȤȥĹķĿ
ʱῪʼʱϣپƵѾˣ̽ӰȫﲻظһǽΣ֮е״ᣨӢǺɫʱңٰľʹͬʱھ׸Ҳμӣļα󲿷ֶˣаԭ׸γϡŶκ鱦֣ԣͮز׻աԭӰǴݷĻйǵǿֵܡӵֽˡ
⣬̳Ҳ׷ǰ˵أʦӹ߿ӡס򸾵˷׷׵
ӰӽҲ࣬егŹ١ܡ󷢡ǳۡΰ»ȴƣŮѾȫ˵һŮϼᡢͮٷҡܻŮݲνƴ


062 Ůγ
ʱھĳֱӿ˾ƵͣȻڳϵھݡŰ֥ʫͣĵ¥ȥμᣬҲھùý忴Լġ
ŮʱʮֽţϾǲ㸻˼ҳμӹ¡ص᣿
ھο˵ǲҪţѾǰЩڳĸкҵŮˣǶȱǣֻҪйоأҪֳЦˣ
Ű֥˵ǡھҡһеšǸҪһȥɣȻȥ
ˣĶлȥĵ㿴ǵˣ״ã
ھ΢ЦŶǰ߹׶˵
΢Цǰסھ֣ǺЦӭ
ھǺһЦ˵ͷ״ͣңҿǲҵ

ǺЦϯѣ׸һûʲôǿȥɣͷͷǶൽˣ
ھ˸Ŷ˵ݣܿеĵʮ㣬ȻܾԼ£ϼһԱھȥ
ھλ׸ֺϵõȻǵʱθĹע
ʱкüĸھ˹ֱγϡӢκŮγݷԼŮ˷ݻ
Ű֥Ůۼ⼸λ۰ŵĴﳯԼ߹һţھһЦӭȥ
ھ̫ˣ
۾γЦټλ׸ЩϼһǸең
κҲЦھ΢΢Ц壬С㣬Ƕ۰ŵĴҲǳէСԺҪǶְ֧
κֻŮγֻǺһЦ˵ھ⻰ǿˣ˭֪׸
ӢЦǰھڻǹҵĺˣԺɫʱң»Ҫİ
ˣϰңҶǷǳľأպҲҪæ
ھ΢Ц
ݷ˵ˣھ˵TVBӪĺܺãȴȥϷΪʲôȥأ
һκҲǷǳ֣ϾЩǮУһֱΪ飬Ϸ塱ھʵ񲻺úȴȥʲôԱǣЩзǳ⡣
ھһЦ˵ҵȤ˲ͬɣҸ˱ȽϲϷԾԱǿȥģ
ȤҲͲ˵ʲôˣ
ݷǺЦ
˼䣬߿ھȴߵγߣʱĺζѾȥ˵ûھǰ˵С㣬𣿡
ĺγǳƯһɫص޳αܺõչֳһԺšƺҪ¶ķʮֿ޳֣֮߶չֳβŵòޱȣ˵ǸѵŮˡ
γۼھµһЦ˵ʲô¶𣿡
ھźγƺЩˣС㣬ʲô鲻ҿɫƺð
γһ̾˿˵ʵûʲôģֻǿ˲뿴ˡ
˵ţγתͷԱ߱ӵŵˡ
ھתͷһֻԶһ۾ԼĪʮһԸŮһЩ˵ǸŮò֮۾촽òһɻѪԸھһ۾ϳŮǺų۵һŮ
ȻھȻҲ³ˣԱǸ˭ӦþǺγѾʵϹϼˡ
ǰԭĴ֮һϼ壬νǴСͺŽԿ׳󡣲ھ֪ڼ嵱вӣҲûоӪκεҵ񣬶ЩֺеĶṩл˵ǵ͵Ķ档
ɾˣȺŮǴţֺͶŮγ飬Ȣ˺ų۵һŮνҸ֮˵ͺγȢҪСǺγܵɷ˳ˮۣøԼ
ʱμᣬȻû飬СҲţС˻죬ⲻܲ˵ȫγӣѹֺγɫôѿ


063 ߵ
ھ̾һתͷԺγ˵С㣬׻˵Ůɷ˲ֵ㰮ֺαΪ֮˻أ
γһ㶣ЩɻھһۣȻΪκȻοԼ
γǵһЦ˵лл㰲οҡҵ鲻ҪܣòűСĿǿҶӵ˹ܡ
ھһȤǺһЦ˵С㣬ȷǸ˾ú˵Ůˡй˵˲డ
γ˵˵Ļòɣ˵ҴСʮֺǿҲϲ˲ҵ飡
ôһҪأ
ھǰһסγ֣
γһ𣬽ֳھӣ˵ϣأ
湴ģǰСȻ㲻㿴ƺڱӵؿ㣡
ھ΢΢һЦתͷȥ˵
γһ㶣תͷһֻʱһĵؿԼھһеɫ·ڿһŮһ
γһίʱһ룬иԼһ¡
С㣬Ҫ𣿡
ھסγ֣˵У룬֮¥ϣһһ䣬ϣܾطйǰߣһģ㡭Ըȥ
γһŴʱھ˵ЦݣкȻӿֳһǿҵҪõ˵İͷ֪ھȥ¥ϷζʲôζŶɷıѣǣʱѾƲסԼˣ
ԶԼźγȻھ֣ʱΪˬ
̵ģǿţ½ıȻţЩɫ䡣
ܿģῪʼˡ
ΪȻʲô̫صĶЩԼģƽЩȻǲмһˣǴʱΪ˲ȡҲԸ⻨Ǯǰ
ǳ̩־ΰ˶۽ˡ
־ΰӭҲμӽĴᣡ
̩ͬ磡ҵ岻ݴǡ
־ΰ֪ۺʹ½Թһĸֱͬ˴ˣ
̩ѾʽعĻڣй½ϰգܺˮֺֺֻҪĺͲûйԵ죡
־ΰ죬Ϊ½ͬǽоҪлľۻϼĶ֧֣
̩İ
־ΰǻӭļα
׳
Ѷϯھ
ʵҵϯγ
ϼӢ
棬Ǽĵϣʱ̣ϣλƳ̿ң
ȵ֮ʽʼˡ
ĵһƷһλӻһˮʻľžԮյĻ棬ĲǺܺãȴܿú棬ķ˾һӣû˸һƷһȥˡ
ټھŲĶҲ֣续һĻлһʮһȥĺӵһ
ھļŮˣҲԼĶȻھǮŰ֥ʮһС豭ݻʮһΧʫֱ˶ʮʮһСƿӺһС衣
ܿģᵽһ̡һƷҲԼ׼ġ
ˣǵһƷҲԼ⣡
̩˵ţ
ֻһźֽܴţд˺֣ܶ־ΰ˵λϲװϷһ֪Ŵôһ˵˵ۣһͨھ֮ǩ˶ȰŽᣡղ壬һģ
ھһٺһЦĵⶫ¾ơ
򣡡
ھֱ΢Ц
ھ׸ô˵ˣȻû˻ƫƫôˣȻð˳
һʮ򣡡
һл˳һΪ˾ǵĳ̩һ£˵һʮʮߺ210򣡡
ھüͷ࣬ȻҸԣ˼
İ򣡡
ھֱ۵İ
˶ɵ۶û뵽һֽİ
ߵһģ࣬ǷŸ
İ򰡣ɲСĿϷҲûôǮ
ٺһЦǴеİһʮ򣡡
Ȼעһ¸ղھеĶǱ֣ȻҽеһǧСӻһǧֽ
ͬʱ룬Сӣ½ıҹţγԸ
ˣŲ˵ʲô
˵Ļ˲ھˣٺһЦҪףӾ͸ÿǽе900򣡡
ȫը˹
Ű
Ǹʲô
ڳóŰĸ٣ҡңЩëë꣬óŰֽˣû
׸ţƣЩ˾ġ
ܸˣ½УοϵˣԼٽһΣеһǧ½л᲻еǧ򣿹Ȥ
һǧ򣡡
ӡ
ѽ
ȫˣмＸڳĸúܣϼ˵һǧСĿǶ˵һܴӼõл𣨴רŸµӵܷѣҲһǧңҪһȥ
ھٺһЦ˵ȻҪһǧֽҾͲˣһǧ򣬹ˣ

ûѪ
˰죡Լ˼ң˼Լ
ҵļϱҲòûιȥ
̵ģһǧֽܼ࣬ҡ
мγѾ̲סЦ˳ң
һǧ򰡣ԼһѰ
ʱǳ̩ΪҸлĿңΪ½ףлл
ž
ҵ಻òǿѪ̻ضãģܵĿЦݣƵƵ֣ǺǣⶼӦģǺǣ
һǧһֽıĪڴˣ


064 ռжŮ
ϣپƵͳ׷ڡ
ʱھһγ߽˷䣬غš
Ժھ֪𣿡
ھЦ
˵ģھղĺúһడ
γһЦ˵
ǰҪ㡭
˵ţھγƵ˴ϣ̶ѹϣҪȥ
šҪ
γһһ죬ھĺõĵֿ
ôģ
ھ˵һ˶ؿշں˷ҲһΣ𣿳Ƿݰɡ
γ仰һ̶һǿҵıеĵֿˣǳ죬ҲҪúõطһΡ
ˣӢ׸ԼӽҲûʲô
ھۼγһЦǰס˺γĺ촽

γܵΥĽǿУһſ촽ӭھͷĽ룬˵ͷһ𣬱˴˲ϵŶԷĽҺȵסŮ˷ޱȵķʱʱصš
ͷϸϸŶԷǻڣʱͷ쵽棬ϵĲƣγھͷֻ׵ҲסھĲӣĽҺסĴ˵
˼ãھ̧ͷȹڣβͶ¶ˡСɻԲİɫǿ㣬ھﻹ̵סֻǰֵظţָĴ֮ȥᴥȥֻ֮÷ʷʵġ۵ġȵġʪʪġָͷ˿ⰴһ֮󵨰⶯γǹȣ˸ʱγȻɼȴȫ
ھԹԵĽĶʳָÿ˽˿ʳֱָָǿڣסදúγڷһˮŪðɫǿͿ͸ھԽһᣬְѿøͷȥʹСѨ
Ҫ
γҲ̲סˣгˡ
ھҲŪţⲻʱĶŪе١˫ֲİסھͷƨŤѽ
γˮֱⲨӿͷھáҪҪˡˡˡ
һˮֱʪܵġھſСѨת§γ
˿˵ھ㡭۸ҡ
ý㣬𣿡
Ų㣬ҽ㣬˭ҽˣ
γһĽ̬ʱǵھ֡˵㣬ͱҴöࣿҵȻޡ
γƫͷȥ˵ߣܵܣ
ھˣ˵ҲֻҪĵܵܣһҪҸ硣
γߵͨ죬СƾôҪҽ磿
ھſγվֱ壬ٵĽ⿪ͷͳӲֳִĴ󼦰ֱͣλεͦγǰⲻһ֣˵ƾ
γɵˣģô󼦰ͰĿɿڴǴеϢֱеһѣ񱻴һ㣬ĿŴ󼦰ͣѿĽеø磡
ھԭֻҪŪŪû뵽ԼļԺ󣬺Żˣ˵硣
γʱѾе֣ʲôз֮ʲô֮Ůȫֻ뾡طйǹɵſӣǵģԴ󼦰Ͱٰ㰮⼦ʹȻԼСѨһˮѨ
ھźγŴʱʱγȫġǴӼ米β˳ߣСǿĳСƨɵԲ̣Բִİ鷿ڰɫİеǡԲһ㡣ھֵıۣزͶ¶ˣСɵͷͦӲţΪԵʣɫȽھ˫պý鷿סĸоʮĥͷγŴ󼦰͵ĿС
Ĵ
ھٺһЦºγڿ㣬ҲԼڿ㣬ͦŴ󼦰ͣ׹ںγǰγɵſ˫ȣ˫ֳӭļ͡
󼦰ѨڣҲͣͷ뻨㳤ֱ룬һֻġγûôһڴ㴭ô󼦰ͻʱššһ˽п
áŶ硭úá
󼦰Ϳʼ壬ɳϵʮ׶ģӴδε׵Ĵ̼úγһˮֱϡ
桭ӴֵˡôááˬСҪˡѽˡˡø硭硭
ھŸղ鶯ʮأγѾ˶һΡҲȥͷɣ󼦰ȻδεףɵúγֽУ硭áมá桭á֡֡Ҫꡭˡ
ԽԽߣʱֱǼУھ׾ͻ߳
㡭˰
ǰˡҡˡ硭塭ҡҡ
ѽáĺúáø硭׸硭Ҫˡ
ھĿˣ̲סͷȵӭǵü͸׹㴽ھȥĶ䣬Ƕ飬ͷ¶䶴γﻹܵˣ
У飬˫ֽıסھı˫סھΣƨͦСѨɧˮͣ󼦰ͽʱգ
գ
졣
ѽҡҪˡˡ
߽ţȻһ̵ɧˮðйӣҲûȥ§ھֽ֫ķɿ۾ֱ
ھ̧ͷʣ㣬ôˣ
γ˿Ц˵ˡھҡûˡ
ǡ㲻Ҫ𣿡
ҪҪ
˼ҡֻǡϢһ
ھɧ˵ĿɰͰӣɷڴϣùͷúγţſһ㡣Ȼ󼦰ʹƨɺٴѨڣƲøˣγӺ
ỽعͷۿھϴ΢ЦĻˡ
ھ̲סʹ鶯СѨͷӰγʱγһˮһֱףŻģγûôˬ̸ֱСɵԲΣھܹø
ááģ桭֡Ҫ߳ˡ졭Ļᡭйҡ
ý㡭˵ұô
Ǹ쵰ôȵ㡭ھ̫ˡǸһǧһһڱ
군ˣ֫ٺҪɢƵģҲû˽СھԹԵͲţ˫Σ۾ʹ󼦰Ѩڽһֱ˼ʮӣͻȻһ۴еý㡭Խ㡭Ҫйˡ
γһæ˵õܵܡͣͣӴٲ塭ˡ졭γ䡭桭Ӵ塭㡭
ھʱﻹ󼦰ˬҪͷֻͣùͷͣۿؾҪءγ˿ûͣ°γ˼ָҾѨеļ͸ǿˣԼжѨ⣬ɴھˬˡ
㡭㡭
ھ춱ˣѼͽŻģȾ
ѾûοŨֶ࣬úγѨҪˬˣȾһ壬ھȵĽлѨһҲŶˡ
ӴҲҪˡõܵܡø硭군ˡ
˼㡣ھ˳Ʒſںγϣ§γعͷھţ˱Ϣһſֵϡ


065 ĺ
š
ھ΢Ц§źγڷ´档
о𣿡
ھʱźγ۵˵
ţ㡭еˡ
γȻѾʮˣǴʱϾȻ¶ŮƵĽߣھһ
㡭ܲھͺ飬ԶҵŮˣ
ھԥһ£˵
γĬˣĵ˵ҿǽŮˣѾʮˣٹˡ
ŮǲǴŮʮôҰˣɫ
ŲҼΣ˵Ұ
ǿһģ
ҪǣŮ˾һǻܲã
ȫ⣡һǿڶһǵع⣬ҾͲˣúõҵĸ˵òã
ھ˵㡭ǲбŮˡ
ھĵģҪǺγбŮˣŲһǾͺ鷳ھʱųԸеĶǧˣ
ġ
γͷ˵Ҹ˵ʵɣʵʵҺֳ֮ӣΪϷӣϾж༸ŮûʲôҸ׾ͳĸ⻹кܶŮˡҲҸΪΪҿ
ʲô
ھһʲô˼
˵ϲҸĹ壬ֿлĶ棡
γ˵
ھһʱȻԭˣ
Ҫ֪γĸ׺κȻţʱͼҵ䣬ǺκԼƴܴôĲƸںκһвƸԴԼǼ̳мҵԺκǸǻ۵ˣγСˣȻҲϣδɷһ
ǣƫƫˣȻǰĴ֮һϼ壬ƽ֪Ժ֣֧ȡл𣨺Ŵÿ¸û¶ɵӵܷãһʵ¶ɣ˺γ޸ȻлƲҲʲô顣
Ҳǳڸγܸʵ¶һŻеԱΪû˵ϣڿƵǰԼԾչִ˵ķɣõνϡ
ʱھˣ§γٺЦǲ֪ǲǷϺСϹ׼أ
㰡
γִھĿڣĶ䴵˿˵Ӧúϸɡ
źγĺ촽Լߵھһαǣһѽγѹ£˵ҵŮˣԶҵŮˣ𣿡
γоھļһβ𣬲ԼҲӦסھļ򣬵á˼Ůˡ˼ԶŮءҡٸҡ
ھϲֿγȣƣסγ̵ӣǹһֱͦһ
Ӵ
γδ䣬ҲѳԴֱֻġھûչƣǽͷӹڣһĥγϵ飬ɵȫҲڴʱھ鵽ʣͷڸڼ䣬γĸ³³ɧˮסӿⶴڣǿޱȣ
Ҫˡ졭ݺݲҰɡŶ졭
γ޷˽ţƨͦ۽סھĲӣĿͽš
ھݺݲ˽£γ˴ϵǰδеļã״鴤ֹҿޡͣͣһ¡
γһͦһӭţ
ھĶͣҪúγӿҪ԰׽γһ˶񹦡һ߼ͣ£γ־Ŵﵽ˸߳ӴĸΡˡŶŶŶ
γסƨɣͣŤڣⶴһţͬʱҲʣиͣ
ھҲˮܣţͺγϳһƬ˫źγ飬ںγĶţ׳ĴǼͣͷײںγӹںγ˷ܵòһţ߽ѩ׵壬ƴҡڣƴͦʣƴӭϣŶҵ졭˶ҪҡˡŶŶôֶ֡סҡǵطŶ
סʲôط
ھ⡣
γ˽еġ㡭㡭ҵĻˡŶ
ھͷģͦƨɣһĥγ˿вֹھţֵ̽һԴֻƬŵÿģ϶ˣǣһѵˮңһɫĸǣɧˮĽһģҡʸУУԼѹֺʹ̼γﵽǰδе꾳磬һδεصԵĸ߳δһУ
ϣ߳ܣ٣׵˾⣡еֻйݡ
ʱھڵأһ죬γĿ貿ⶴڶ׼ͷƨɻ¶ףⶴ֮УŪھ˫Ƶγǰס壬һŪһߵ𣿡

γЦ
٣ˬĻںأ
ھ˵ţһͦγӱϸʱƨһҡڣʹںγⶴͻˬ
ġˬġ
γޱȣֳϣʰ׵Ĵƨ¶ٴ죬ת
Ȼγͣƨ̫ߣԴæס붴УһŪ˰£γ֧ػ˶ھ͵һ桭
ֻھҰһ㣬ͺһƨһ̧ƴ
ͣ͡
ɧˮ磬ѹòס죬·ɽγ˺ھŤڶŷΣͦţӭţʹɲʱһĵĻɽڣھۻˣ
أھһΣţٳʮ£һŨעγӹУȶһſںγϣֻʣţһĴϢ
γҲڲΣ񴭲ݣϵһȣůͻȻ壬һֱӿ

Ƕôô䣡ôĸо̲סŶ
ϵģƵģһѣѾδţϴһޱȵȣһ֮УһƯһֱƲ
Դˣǧγȫھ۷ΪŮˡ


066 ھ͸
ˡˡ
ԼıƾƣһȰҲǣȰҲǣ治֪Ӧôźá
ڼСʱǰۼԼźγھ§¥ˣʱŭҪȥֹǣʱҵĳȴҪ̸ŻؼңֲĿŵȥ׷ֻȸųǻؼҡ
ֻǸСûʸҵţֻȻصԼסıڣܿģˣȵġԭڼϰֺݺݵһ٣˵Ӧȥ˶һǧһŷֽø嶪Ҫǣõھĺõˡ
Ҫ֪ϼۻعǰһֱӢɣۻعˣǰӢɼ뿿£½ʱȻ½ĺ˸죬ֱ̫ǣһѣҪдһƪ飬̼Լֱ
ʱֻ࣬״εؽţʲô׸ʲô˲ġǴ½߹𡭡ˡҪÿӵšʮ˴
Ĭˣ࿴ھھڻ˺γ֮ƿܻŮ˫Ը࣬ԼбҪ̽һδĳ·
ʵˣǮиǮ˧˳֣ΪĶ
ұȺγᣬֱȺγƯƾʲôҲܺ׸һ𣿶Ҫֶ棬ڼ￿Ѷ˻أ
ţڿʱѾûյİǺȻһ
ʱ࣬ȻѾ˯ˣ
ھ׸˲䣬ʱھǿȤ
ڶһ磬γ뿪Ƶ꣬γȥ̸飬ھǴھƵϢһ£Ȼٳȥ
ھƵϢŵӣھ·뿪
ʱ򣬺Ȼűˣھһ£Ͻȥš
ſˣʱھˣΪվŵһԼʮ˾꣬ޱȵŮһ΢ѪòĻţ۵һŮ
ûһʹھΪŮϲԸоھǸɫˣԼòǳģϣõǿ˵İԾ;һñǰھ
С㣬Ϊʲô
ھٺһЦ
һЦ˵ô㲻ӭ𣿡
˵ţһھ˽ȥȻֹš
ʲô
ھһ¡
Ů鳡ֻ֣ŮЦЦ֣סھĲӣ˵ô׸ѵẦ˼Ҳɣ
šȻᡭ
ھһ֣˵빴ң
ھ뵽һĿġ
ѽû
ָھ壬˵˵벻뿴˼۵һŮ壬磬ҵ鷿ҵƨɡ

ھܲˣܲˣЦ뿴
˵ţھԡңԡˮȻѸٵԼ·ЦԺھȥϴ衭
ǺһЦҲתھҪھȥ·ˡ
ھҰ·𣿡
Сıھ˵ţתͷʱѷŮе֣󷽵ھǰھΪ½͡
ھٺһЦڰѵֻʣֺڿʱûٶ֡
ھûѽôϴأҵֽ⿪ɣ׿ҲҪม
Ц˵
ھ۵һŮǺģһϰµģ΢΢˫֣⿪֣ʱǰŻԲĴs˳ʣۺɫСͷΣھֱ̿ˮ
ھٶ½ǿȥɲʱصشֳֻ̳ǳۣ泤һƬŨܵëںƬŨŨëϷȴһƬѩƽ̹⻬Сڰ׷ǺÿͷһСɰݵĶۣɾס
泯ھһ˿ҵھֱˣѩ覡Ө͸ƣҲû뵽ôô˵壬ľơ͹£ֱһƷ
ھ̫ɫˣңûŮ𣿿Ĩɣ㲻Զม
ߵЦ˵
ھһЦԡ׵أ߰⣬Ƥǹ⻬ϸ@ǰŴӣǸ׳ۣӦD̵ʵУϵë׵ŨëҲǷǳĺÿھڰʱ˾ھǸ͢壬ĨϷ󣬻ĸоܺãĒЦ˵ھڳҵĶ𣿡
ھЦ㲻ϲ𡭡
Ȼʹ󵨵ĽıĦھΧҲһƬŨܵëʱͺھһĳëˢӣմ˷֭ɦһоǳݼھֱ̧ۣھĿ£ϵˢϴˢϴˣˢϴˢϴ˫¸ʱвѣɦ͡
ھѧѽ
ߵ˵
ϴ̩ԡŮϴģϴ˻ġ
ھ˵
ţȷʵ
мĻ˵
֮ҲھȫĨ˷˲ϴھʱھһֱôӲ͢˵ⱦܿɰһֱ͢ſ϶ҲǺܵģ˾ͻˡ
ھǛ_һ_ˮͺˣȻ̩ԡǵ»صҪҰĦม˼Һ˼ҵӡ
Ӧϴ˲ˡ
˵Ħھ˵֮õģѸٵĽѵ_һ£ٽ˵Ӳ˺ھ̹ʹӣߵߣʤߵĵͷӣֻ͵͵۽ھµķ޵ĵھҲһǷһ˿ҵڣģˣھ߶ǰŲϣھۻңǺÿӾܣ˷ܲѡ
ߣȫı۾ڴϣûиϱӣҪھ¡óԸھ˼伫Ʒѽ˿̵ھˮֱ𿺷ܣʵ޷ˣ͵ͷſ죬Сӣȥ
ʵ̫Ưˣ̫ϲˣҵû취ˣҲ밴ĦҪˡ
ھ˵
ţɡھ
ʱſ۾ĿھھõĬٶȥ˿ҲſӦ˿ʼӵ֫չһҵǡ
ͷม
ھϵ˱ͷžͽͷĶأɦͷˣȻȲǰŴӽȥˣھ⣬εͷȻѹͷԲεľﻹܵˣ
ϵĵߣھ˫ֱַסӣ̵ּ긧󣬲ãȥֻ̽ëˮġһƬˣǲŤ
ھһŬͷѵҲиȫ߳ģʼ󷽵ĳھ˫žŵÿģ¶ëھԸ
ھŴۣӾþãֻſˮΧëҲһˣھһָëһǷۺⶴϸһƷȻָĸǶ⣬մһˮھƬïܵĺɭ֣к棬˵ëƯⶴͷ֭ҺҲ𡣡
ߵЦ˵ھ㿴ͺã˵ˡʵҵëҲ֪ľǳرǰӾҪ޼¶Ӿ⣬ѿͳЦң˵Ǻŵá
ھǰֿ٣ҧˮĵһͿˣʱھ֪ԿʼˣھͰ˫Ÿ߸̧𣬿ڼϣһȥëһѵ׼ʪⶴ˽ȥֻ˫üѽһھĴִûˣһһĿʼˡ
ھĶ̫̫ˣҪһ㣬һʹġ
˵
֪Ҳ̫ġ
ھ˵
ֻһĳ壬ӿʼҵŤˣһ̬ٳھ㡭ҪͣҺ
һҵĳھ˵Ϲ
Ϲ˳ĻӦϹϹҡҺһ㡭Ŷһ㡭ԡԡϹҡҵČºҪˡ
ʼ״Ρ˽Уھ˷ܣΪ۵һŮĺԼϹˡ
ưɣſڴϣҴӺ㡣
ھ˵
Ϲ㻨࣬ðɣſŵƺĸ𣿡
ӦţѲ̬ˡ
ʱ£֫أڳĸƣ߸ǹ⻬ѩ׵ķΣ¶ˮȴھӺ룬ʱ̬ôԸˣ鼫|ʣھֲմˮŨëַѵһ˲価û
ſڴأǰպһӣǾǾƵױģʱѵķɧģΪ˷ܣվеھĳһĴͼԽԽ˷ܡ
ϹϹҡҡҪͣҵČˡҿˡҺ
ھͳ֮£ֿʼ˽У໰Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
ھʱӣʱĴ⣬Եһδӣײǲأ޷ɦʱʱŤΡƵƵ״ߴ٣ϣܵ͵ĳζʱھtˣͼӿ˳ĶÿζǼΪǿײһµףƬѩ׹⻬⣬ҲŴ𶯣ŴǰĻԲ̸Ǽҵǰҡβֹ
ϹϹҺϲมมҺҡҪͣҪˡ
ѵɧͣϵ˽С
һٵĴ䣬ھĹͷһ飬ھ֪Ҫ侫ˡ
ҿҪˡ
һתͷ˵
ſ캬Źͷϵ˱ھŨŨҺ̇ȥˣھˬˡ
ճյĿھſ͡ͷھʣɫҺ¾Һٴεͷͷ촽ھغȫϸſҲøɸɾ
Һó˵Ů˳ԾҺյЧม
侫ھ§˫ţʡ
Һζеȣ˶ϲŮ˳ľҺŮ˳ԾҺգǲţ˱ƭŮ˵Ļѻ
ش


067 ı
ʲô
磬ĳ߼ܳԾؿźγ
Ҫ顭
γЦһ˵ѾܹûõˣǱ飡
㡭ǲǸھǸ½һˣ
ŭ˵
Ǻǣ㻹ͦģ
γ˵ھǱҷϺöˣҾҪŮˡǵķ޹ͬƲҿԶ㣡Ժ㲻Ҫҵˣ㣡
㡭㡭
ɫס
ԣҲ㲻ҪҵУ
һĽлͿھҲ߽˰䡣
ǣ
ʱˣ벻ȻһǺھһ𡭡
࣬ѾھŮˡԺȥŮǰɣҲٸһˡ
ݵ§סھļЦ
γһھȻҲ㵽ˣǳԾ漴һ࣬ȴһЦߵھߣסھ˵Ŷ࣬㿴˰ɣҶھŮˣǲһ֪𣿡
㡭ǡǡ
û벻ԼźˣȻھһ
ҽ㣬ǰЭǩ˰ɡŮˣڶҵˡ
ھЦ
㡭㡭ûôס
ﳤȥ
ھһЦ˵Сӻܼ
Щģ˵ھ顭᲻ҲŹҰ
γʱҲ˺øˣϾԼް˵Ůˣ˵İɣ˽ⲻˣھʵԲģϾѾǰ಻ھġ
ǣ
ھЦֻҪ취ǩЭͺˡ
ҹ
ĳưɡ
ʱƵغҾƣһߺһɶھ½СҲŹġԲᡭȥġ衭
һ뵽Լź˶ھˣϲ
ⲻ𣿡
Ȼһ˹תͷһֻһʮˣǱˣ̳ţ߿Ķ
Ҳʶһ£ʵ㰡ô㲻ȥ¸绪𣿡
Цôˣӣưǲǳʲô¶ˣ
һ˵ˣź˶ˣûɶ¶
ʲô
һ˵ô¶˭ҹ̫̫
ʱҲҪʹ෢йǾͰ˵һ顣
Ժ󣬺Ƿŭ˵벻½Ȼ˶ӡӣ벻뱨
Ȼ밡ǡ
һھƣ˵Ҫôôù׸Ǵ½ĺˣʲô
⻰˵ûҵļ˵Ըھһ£ֻһ棬ʲôھȣ
𵭵һЦ˵ӣķȷʵУǿķԸп˵
˵˵ʲôõ뷨
Ȥ˵
Цӣڼôʶ˼֣Ҳˣ˵ǰټǸھԼʱǾһǮӮ߼ԪⲻǼܸǸھ޻˵𣿡
е
ʱΪе˵ãϻһǧĴǾһǸھһѣǺãǼԼ𣿡
û⣡
ٺЦǺҵĹϵܺãԿԼʱǾһѪ

˹Цܵ⡣
ʵ֮԰࣬ҲԼĿģԭһЩѵĹƻ籭򣬽һǮҵֲҸϰֺŮ˵Ͷ·ⲻδŮѻۣһʵΪǰѽǮծ
ʱһ뵽ԽھǸ½лһǮͿİ
Լ䣬ΪǼѶŷĶ֣ھͲܷ죡


068 ϸɺγ
ܿģھͽӵĵ绰˵ԼܶԲھȥĶĴиľ֣һμӡ
ھ⻰Цһ룬ðͿСɵʲôһڴӦ
ڶһ磬ھһ˰ŵͷȥĴھֻ˺γһȥ
߽ͷھһȥһͷϣССͣʮ֡
ͣλСеģСһͣͷϣԶļңȴǳ׵ĳ֣ʹ밶߻кԶľ룬ҲھС𺳡
ھ˰
γӰܿھǰʱھԽԵ÷ˣҲǻָŮʱ򣬴ʱһŸֲõ䱦ĵȫ͹ֳټϵױ磬Եóׯ
ǺǣƯ
ھ΢Цǰͺγӵ
Ȼ󣬶ߵͷ֮ھĵˣԼ߹Ӧ̩ȵصģ׷ϵͣڰߵСͧȥÿС֮ͧ󣬾ͻ𷢶ĺʻȥ
ǺǣЩ˶صοͣһۣǶȥĴġ
γŻ˽Ųĵĸھ
ԭͣͷϵĴֻ˽˵ĺ֮⣬һ붼۵ĶĴÿ춼˿ͣȻʻ뵽
ЩĴΪΣ͵һԳ100ˣ֣Կ̩̹˺ţܳǧˡ
Ϊ⣬ЩֵƱ۶ô͵һ150Ԫ۱ҾͿڴסһҹһҹ緹ٷͬʱ˸һ׼Ŵж͵ӣҲǳɾġ
ǮۣʵǺܿģΪٷãڰϼ۸Ҫ100ԪģǶĴΪȥǮνǵˡ
мҴ͵ĳ֣۸ҪˣֶĴϣν˼ãֳOKҹܻᡢɣԡҡĦġ˰ȵȣӦоУֻҪгɣֽԵ
ֻЩҵĹ죬ȴɫģʲôҵĶУΨһûеľġ
һ㣬γھһ£ԭڹʻĴֻһطĹ졣
ԱڹϵΪҲܵҹҵķԼġȷ˵۽ֹĲĹ쵽ȥĲͬΥΪ۷ȻƲ㣬ҪЩĲҵĹڹĲ۵ķȻ͹ܲˣΪҲܵġ
ʱھȥĶĴǰŶκһҶĴšȫףһˣѾʻȥˣھͺγҪ˽ͧǰȥ
γ˽ͧҲСˡǰԼʮףڲյĿռܴоƹɳõķǳ⻹һϴּ䣬˲ǺܶĻɼסޡ
γʱ˵ھȥǻǸ꣬ûİ
ھЦҾͲСܸʲôȥҲνŶ
ʱͧںʻˣγϲ棬һڴ￴ӡ
֮ھ߽˴գγ΢Ц洵磬ôˣ
ھһЦǰסγĽ˵ΪҵŮˣ볢һںĸо
㡭㲻ԡ
γʱߵͨ죬Ǻϡǲеġ
ʲôԵģ
ھ죬źγĶʹģʮӣץʱ䣬Һ㰡
˵ţھɷ˵Լףγѹɳϣȹ
γߵòУδԹͧѰ֣ʱЩϰߣȴҲЩڴܿоھȥڿ㣬Ȼھ¿ӣúγתſ£֫أڳĸƣγŪ˵ƣʮֺߣͬʱҲʼʪˡ
ֻ߸ǹ⻬ѩ׵ķΣ¶ԸеȴھӺ룬ʱγ̬ôԸˣھֲմˮŨëַѵһ˲価û
γſڴأǰպһӣʱγѵķɧģΪ˷ܣھĳγһĴͼγԽԽ˷ܡ
ϹϹҡҡҪͣҵČˡҿˡҺ
ھͳ֮£γֿʼ˽У໰Խ˵Խ˷ܡ
ھʱγӣʱĴγ⣬γԵһδӣײǲأ޷ɦʱʱŤΡƵƵ״ߴ٣ϣܵ͵ĳζʱھ˽γˣǾͼӿ˳ĶÿζǼΪǿײһµףγƬѩ׹⻬⣬ҲŴ𶯣ŴǰĻԲ̸Ǽҵǰҡβֹ
ϹϹҺϲมมҺҡҪͣҪˡ
γѵɧͣϵ˽С
˲ٸ˽ʮӣһٵĴ䣬ھĹͷһ飬ھ֪Ҫ侫ˡ
ҿҪˡ
γһתͷھ˵
γſ캬Źͷϵ˱ھŨŨҺ̇ȥˣھˬˡ
γճյĿھſ͡ͷھʣɫҺγ¾ҺٴεͷԼͷ촽ھغȫϸſҲøɸɾ
Һó˵Ů˳ԾҺյЧม
侫ھ§źγ˫ںγţźγʡ
Һζеȣ˶ϲŮ˳ľҺŮ˳ԾҺգǲţ˱ƭŮ˵Ļѻˣ쵽ˣ·һ£˿ˣ
γ˵


069 Ĵ
γھڴ·֮ͧѾʻ˹ʱ޴ĶĴ硱žʹޱ޼ʵĴϡ
ھͬһĶĴͷȥǳˮϵĴ߶ȣӦþʮףҪ֪Ѿ൱ڽӽʮĸ¥ˣվһߴʮ¥棬ʲôо
ҾȣγͧһС壬Ʈڴ֮УҾһĺˣСͧһκϳ˵ĸܡ
ҺĴǶκͶʵĲҵʱ׺ʱ򣬰ŰĶ˼Ҷǰףأ˵òˡ
ҾֿԽӴ˿ͣɰ˰ٶԱпͬʱǧ˵ĶĳһʮVIPԼͼݵʩ䱸5Ӿء߶Լиưɺ6
еһǧ˫˿Ͳȫû˽˽С̨˶еĺţԿǰʮ
˶Ĵ֮󣬺γͧϵĴԱǣСĵ˴ڵĸˣҴСȫɱĴֻһľ룬Ҫ֪̫ĻǾ΢ζһӣ˵ͧǵġ
֮ͧͦ󣬾ֵĴϷһ䵽ͧƽеĸ߶ʱһһ׶ĺϽװͧԽϡ
γھȥٶȲߺܿ죬һֶ֮󣬲˶ĴļװϣھͷȥҶʮ׳ͧڿȥһСˡ
˶ĴγһЦ˵ǵˣˣ
ھٺһЦִںγϣǲǸղűҲٵ̫ˣǶԲ㰡
컬࣬û
γھ֣˵Ҿ㣬ĴϿɲ࡭Ͼûи顭ҿɲñ˿ҺȻǺμҵ
˺ˣ֪ˣҲǵģ˵ôظʲô
ھν˵ʵھҲԼڶŮŻᱻ͵ģý߸ûĵԼ
ܿģھͼһ߻Уھʧûмܻ
ܿھҲͦģ˵СӳĻôӣѹܰѡŮ࿴ھһĺγ鶯һ£ȻγԼűǰԼ˧ѹ²ٸɣͲ
Ҳ֪Լɲʧ񣬵Цãּ࣬ˣǻӭ㵽Ĵ
ھǺһЦὫγ§ڻЦӿˣóطˣлĺܸм㡭
˵ھĴָڳϺݺһѡ
ѽ
˵
ʱŬѹԼŭ𣬸ЦҸһ¡
ָ˵̳߿ĹҲҵĺѣھˣǶ׸
𿴵ھȻ§סŵϷҲЩʺĽ׸ʵ𵹲̰ͼγɫһֱҲϣܹЩƽ߲ʵĸǰúõϷǵţЩȴ˿ķǲŽˬ
˵ףȻֵܣʵֻǰۿΪĹӸ統һʹСܣƲ϶Щʵһֱţڲ룬ô§źγĲԼ
ǺǣãС㣬Ǻã𣬺ܸʶ㣡
»Ǻܿظھ֡
ھſγ˺֣ȻָԼߵŷУǣ¸绪һԼһе˶һҲμӶľ֡ھó˿Ƕ֣ھҲ£ЦźǼ
Цһľ־Ϳʼˣڲŵ㣬㿴Ҫ
ھǺһЦ˵ҪˣҲһ𵽷ȥϢ°ɣ𣿡
⡭
γһ죬ԼķϵϹԼǰԼҪͱ˽䡭
ǻûӦھѾˡ
ɫףϲж˾Ȼöھ˵ʲôǲҲµó׷׵Цࡣ𲻽ͬ࣬ñӶǰˣȻҲңҪԼɾԲ
ǣƣߴӼСʱԺ󣬱㲻ˡ


070 Ǯ
ʱھ§źγգγһе˵ˡʹ㻹ȥ
ȥĶܰ
ھЦҾټʣҲھʹȥҲϹߣڴȥĳҪ֣
ܿģ˶ĳھͺγīȻھߵ̨ʿеıƱһʮǮĳ롣
ܿģ̨СһԲγ룬ݸھ
ھЩϿһ£ĳ룬Сֻһ٣滹һ͸ӲܽĺǾ¡
γھԱ߷ȥĴеĳ룬˵ģھɲϷõĵ߳룬Ķĳ룬зα־ģĳǾͿԶһֵġ
ĳҲԣ
ھǰӰʮһ޺ϵУһ䡣
ȻԣҪУУҲҪһ
γЦĲ˵۶ĴϵװһСսᲢˣû֮⣬ӦоУڶв٣û֧װٵġ
ĳ֮ĵطװǺǿģŶĳô꣬ÿͨʽԪҲû˸ȥ٣ǺǿҶ̻AK͸ڴϺ;䣬ţɣȥҲʵʵǮ룬Ͳſ
ȻҲһЩСĵᴫٵϢǶһЩصС֯ģʹ룬һ˵أںγ˵ЩСĳ챻ǺأʡĿԴ
ھų룬߽˶ĳĳĺܴ󣬶ʩȫϻټ֡ʮһȵһӦȫ
ھѳһγԼȥȻߵһ̨ǰӡʱ˷ѾҡˣܵĶͽ׼עееС
ھ΢΢һЦӷԼ£һӣһٿĳһϡ
˶һھĵйСʲôӵļСľƱдһСĪǴ䣿
ҡŮɹ΢ЦλҸᣬһΣ
ھҡҡͷ˵һһû˼һʮǲź
˵ţʳָָ£һǿϴ˹ȥеʱӶˡ
Ůɹٻ֪£΢Ц̾˿ѡ
˶סˣŮɹٸǾ۾ɴˡ
һһӣھˣ
ھЦǮɣ
ŮɹٽǮھھǧٿǮĳڶϣſˣǶӣȻӣˣһʮĵھѾӮ˾ʮˡ
Ůɹٰвãˡ
ھ΢΢һЦ˵Ӿɣ
˵ţھһӣų룬뿪̨ӣһŶĶʮһ̨ǰʱһָոն꣬ھ˸λǣ΢ЦĻ·ĺɹС㣺С㣬ǶĶʮһüƣ޺٣
ɹС˵ð˸ƣ޺ʮ򡣡
ھЦ˸ƾʮA𣿡
û
ɹС˵
ưɣ
ھ˵ţȡǮϡ
һĶʮһļھܹĸˣ˵һõ˷÷ߣڶõ˺Ҿź÷ģõ˺ͷ
źɹС㷢Ƹھھ򿪣AɹСʵ𲻲𣿡
𣡡
ھЦţǮϣɹС㽫AַֿƣAɹСʵ𲻲𣿡
𣡡
ھЦ
һֱȥھһֱõAÿζ𿪣ܿͲʮѣõʮA
˶ˣھЦʮAȫõˣŷ
ɹСʱѾͷ󺹣æƣھÿһƶͷƣʮѶǶʮһ㡣
ɹСҧҧԼƣһǺʮͺͺߣɹСʹر۾
ھǺһЦ˵û˼ˡ
˵ţվȥҺγˡ
ǺãһӾͱ˶֣һúһ٣
ʱҲڶĳһУɫʱɷף
̵ģѵھǸ֣ԼӮ
Ҫ䲻ˣǲĶ˰ƲɣֻϣǼܹӮ


071 ľ
һʱھͺγѰźõİ䣬ࡢѾˣڶǰ⣬һʮվڶǰ
γھǸ˽ǫ޶̳ġɹ١ҵҲ˽ܣԲõĺɹٵĹԣ
ţ֪ˣ
ھ˹ȥЦѽѽλõˣͿʼ˰
˵ţھһſϡ
ǺǣҲûȶã
ЦҸһ£λǡ
ɹ
ھǺһЦ˵ҽܹˣ
޶˱˻ЩźγھߣʵС㲻ѣ
γЦˣɣҿžУ
ţǺã㿪ʼɣ
Ц
ǫ˵ͷӢ˵λĶľԡʽУûʱƣûоƣûгޣһֱĵûǮ˳ľΪֹɹ٣ÿһ֣ͻһֽƣÿֵһ飡ҽһλĳ˰İԼ򣬵˶ھһǧ򣡸λʱ׷ӳ룬ڶľֿʼ
ֳɳзѧFiveCardStud˿Ϸһ֡ƵСϾʤһŵƣҪʤʱſɷӷڶƿʼÿһƣΪȣעעȥˣѡעעϼͬĳ룬ѡעԼƿѡȴƾֽǰĳ룬޷ȡء
һעǱĹؼһУҿԽνѺδܹ롣ȵע˶עб̬󣬱ƿһʤʱ˿Ӯеĳ롣
ڷǰÿұ֧ǿԵĵעȻ󷢸ÿ泯µĵƺһ泯ϵƣõСƵұ֧עͨСעһ룬ʱһСעͬСƣôɫϵĴ˭֧˳÷Ƭġҡ
ڹں͸̨㷺صΪסԿǿмҲһɷ֣ǳ㷺ֱ߱õļۺϵж侲ķټЩ
ǫܽҪĵھþȣԺв޶ţѹֺЩƬϲһʤѵֻʾһ˵ĶļôҪҪƼһ¡ߡڹꡯҲܺİ
ܿģľ־Ϳʼˡ
һѺܿ쿪ʼˣԼ˶Ǹ߼ǧľ֣ɹڣȻܸʲôƣǿǷֵı顢ȵȣзǸղҲʶھȻҴ⡣
һַŵ֮󣬷ˣһ֣ھǺ2Ǻ8ǷKԼǺA˶Ƿ9÷Aھͺγ˿ƣ÷2࿴µƣǺ9ʱJԼǺ6˶ǺAǷA
˵Ǻðɣɣ
Լ΢ЦƳ롣
Ҹ
˶ˡ
ڶַھǷ2Ǻ9ʱJԼǺ6˶ǺʮǺQ
Ҳȥˣ
˶ȸơ
2һ˵
ǫ˵
ʮ򣡡
ھܿƳ˶ʮ
Ҹ
˸Ƶĵ˶˶ˡ
֣ھǷ3÷9ʱ3Լ÷6˶Ǻʮ÷Q
Qһ԰Ǻã
ٺһЦ˵һ򣡡
ˣҲˡ
ơ

ȫˡ
һ֣ھõ˺2Ǻ3ԼǺ6÷7
γˣĵԼ42ԼǺ6ԼӮˡ
ھ˿ƣ΢΢һЦ˵
ھ˵ţƳеĳ롣
£һ£Լ˿Լĵƣ룺СӸӦĸ2ˣѲˡ
Ǹơ
Ȼ֪ԼҲ򲻹ھƣҲˡ
ʣˣʱޱȵìܣǸǲ
ʱȻھһֻֻ§źγԼš
£ŭˣһѣ
Ҹ
еȻһѿƣ9ҾͲĸ2
ھɫʱһ䡱˵ˣ
˵ſƣȻһŷ5


072 
ô
γĿɿڴĵôղ2ôᡭ

¿ɸˣ̴Ц̫ˣ̫ˣӮˣӮˣ
ذеĳŪ֣Сӣ㹴ӵźŮˣ벻ҵϵʱ򣡡
Ҳû뵽ھȻ䣬Լ˲Щ֣ղھƵʱû˿⣬ܲ2ѵ˵͵Ѿ˳뻯ĵز
Ǻǣƺð
ٺЦ
ھô¶
γʵ
ܣû¶
ھЦ
ţھ˵Ҫӳ룬ǧ򡭡
ľּʼھƺرĲǴͷùβ̶һСʱѾڶ࣬ǽһİض顣
ܿģʱ䵽롣
ʱھϵǺAKQJǺ10÷1010ͷ3Ǻ522壬ԼѾˡ
ھ˿ԼĵƣǺ7ǺһЦ˵ĵĴһ֪ӺûȤ
˿ƣǺ10ٺһЦ˵Ķ󣿡
ھЦҰѶʼӵʮ𣡡

˾ˣγҲһŵؿھ
ʮ𰡣ʲô߰ʮڸ۱ң˵д׬Ǯ˺棬γϡӢЩУҪһóʮҲôף
ھ
γһھ֪ھĵƣҪһӾʮǡ
ھ΢Цҡҡͷ˵ô
ûôǮ
˵ʮ𰡣ûô࣡
ܼ򵥰⴬ӦпԽǮĵطɣԥһ
ھ΢Ц
ֶĴϣרŸǮĹ̨ĲģҲǳ룬ٶû⣡ǣʮǸС֣ĶĴܲܽ軹Ǹ⡭
˵仰۾һ˵ãҽ裡ȥѸǮ˸
ܿģĴϸľ͹˵ȻҪԽʮʱȫסˡ
⡭⡭ӣʮ𰡣Ҵ˶ûôǮôǰ
Ϊѵ˵Ҫ֪Ȼ˵ǳ룬ǮҪʮ𣬵ʱҪ鷳ɲŴˣΪھӮȥĳ룬ضҪһʱҪѿö˶δ
ҵĵǺʮСӸͬ˳ңӮʮԪʱһΪϢ

һ뵽һϢǾӮġˣҧҧ˵ãǩͬɣ
ǣ͸ǩ˽ʮĺͬȻӦĳ롣
һԵԼ˿ľй̫ˣǮȻĵʮˣ̫̼ˣԼԹߣǲߡ
ãƣ
е
ھٺһЦƣ
˵Ŀھϣ
10
ھͬ˳
ӮˣӮˣ
γʱϲشǸѣȻһ̯ڵ˹ȥܵ˶ŻˣϽȡ
ôܣ
൱е쵰ܣǧǧ
ԣǺ10
˵ţ෭ĵơ
һź7

𵱳̱ڵϡ
ھЦ˵λӿܲ
ʵھ֮ǰ֮Թ䣬ΪΪԼĶôټΪ10ԼϱǣͿĽʮԪȫˣ
ȻһжװĹͣΪƣ
ʱǸ˹һסе࣡ƭӣ죡ǮǮҵ֪Ǳ뻹Ǯ
ܲʮ𰡣Ҫôھ
Ҳңʮ𰡣ԼҶδõóôǮõóҲ϶ȥծ
Ǿ͸ˣһʸӳԷˣǰˣҲûôǮ
군ˣڳÿһ˶֪ʵ
ʱźȻӦھղŷٸװԼ˱ˣȻմմϲǶ˰
ҡʮôǸԵġ


073 ծܻ
ʱھҵǸٿԱֻУǺһЦ˵ʵûô⣡ҿԲҪǮ
һ˵ʱһ㣬е棡ĲҪǮ
˵˸֣ȴЩʧãھڡ
ھǺһЦ˵ҪҲҪǮҲԣֻҪѸղӮҵǮҾˣǱԴӦһУ
ʲô˵һӦ
˵û취Ǯֻð
ھһЦ˵㣬
ھ˵ţϷһһݺͬ˵ǩǮһʹˣ
ӹһʱɫһ䣬ԭЭǺͺγЭ飬дţһлķ޹ͬƲȫγС
⡭
Ҫһʮ𡭡ˡ
ģֻҪǩˣͷŹң
ҧ˵
ȻȻ
ھЦô˶أҲƭġ
ȥǩ˰Ұ
ŭغš
ҧҧ˵ãǩ
˵ţǩȻվתߣ
ǡҲˡ
˿תҪߡ
ȵȣ
ھЦһûͬĺͬⵥء

һ˵Ҫô
룬ԼһΪܰʲô
ھǺһЦ˵ҹ
˵ţھߵһߣҵǣŮܻҾ͸ⵥ
ʲô
һŭ˵룡Ҳܡ
𼤶
ھЦ˵籭򣬻ڶǲǰ
ʲôô֪
벻ھȻ֪顣
ھ΢ЦֻҪӦҵҪҲʮԪծ񣬶һ㻹ծô
ţ𣿡
Ծؿھ
ھǺһЦ˵ô£Ҫ֪Щĺڵɲʴȣ뿴ҪǲǮôأ
ɫʱ԰ˡ
ڶ죬صԼļ
ʱܻӭ˳˵˰ҸԵİɣ
ǰʮһĳŮܻȻһѹ˵ȾңȾңܻһ˵ʲô
˵ңҾͲ
Ҫô㰡˵
ܻһ˵
վܻиеԣº͵˵£ȿˮ˵
̾˿ԼǷھ籭Ǯ˵һ顣
ܻ֮ȫɵˣʮʮԪ
ʮ𰡣ծܻ˵֣
ڣǸھ˵ֻҪһΣǾʲôծûˡˣ㣬Ⱦҡ
ܻ
ʲô
ܻ벻ھȻôһûʧɫеôܹŮѰôܹȥ˵˰
Ҫ֪ܻǸܴͳŮˣԴӸ֮󣬾һ̷ѣѾȻҪԼ͸ֱܻ޷ܣ
Ҳ
һĿƣڶĴϻԼܳԼŮˣڡҲֻôɣûʵ˵ı磬ֻ
ǡǡҪôɣǰҵСҵ㡭㡭㲻
ܻһվе
ô죿
һеǷʮڵĸ۱Ұô죿ҲǮĴϵĸܷŹ籭ЩڵܷŹҲȦˣ֪ҪǲЩڵǮʲôᱻּ顢գȥҹܻᵱС㣡ǿɲʲôŮǣǸھ˯͵ѹˣ𣿡
˵Լ裬ĶڵѪ
ܻɫ԰ףһ仰Ҳ˵֪˵ģԼûѡˡ
ˣ


074 ܻ
ĩܻĺ⼸һֱҲû˯ãߴȥ˻˵ھԷú¶¶աóܲԸĳȥˣŵһ̣ĶˣѪ޾ʹʧߣһδεԼʲô
ʱܻھȾƣھ۾ֱֱĶܻ˵ЦܻȴͷһֱŲܻ۾
ܻ˵㷹ͻطˣھԹѾǿ10ˣھҲ˲ٵľơھϢϢھҲǾú˲١
ܻķʰһ£ھϢϢھû׵ݸܻӹȥİתƿˣ֪ϣǲΪһסˣٹҲһ˵ˡ
˵ȻطϢһ㱭ŨͽѾơ
ھЦеҡ壬߽ܻͬӵң˵ģĶܻǳ⣬ɫŮǲټ
ʱʹѪ
ھܻķܻϴּһϴһԥĵ§ܻ
ܻһƿ֣˵Ҹȥˡ㲻ҪΪҵģҲʲô鶼ᷢ
ʵ׽ҪһС
ܻʱԥͣعͷվãȻʧ
ʱת˼ͻȻ֪ͣеˣڵһһԼҪԼȥίҪԼ
ת̾˿ССֻԼܻԹǸǴķ䣬۵İڡ
ڷſڣܻһţԼӳϵӰ
˿̣ǳɫİ˷ֿ㣬ҲǳɫİԼԿ֣ʱװҲƤӰ𪡣
ʱſˡھ䡣ţ˽ȥŹϵɲǣعͷúţճյ˼ͣˣеĻŵû֪˳ķűˣʱվı۾ˮ˳۽¡
˷䣬ܻšȻԼļңǴʱȴҪһˡղſڵʱ룬ôεĳأȻҲǣ꣬ѾŮŮˣҲٱܻɬȥԡ
ھҲĽţϾǸоˡɣ
˵ܻϣܻеֱģھҲڱϽ
ģծһģǻһ仰°ͷĺˣ
̫ллˣ
лʲôѽôƯŮѣи̫ˣ
𣿡
ܻĻصȻĿھһۡ
ھһЦַŵܻϡܻ度µĲһ£˭Ҳ˵ھſӵָܻšܱ˷ֿоȵĵͬʱҲܻ崫һĲ塣
ոս뷿ʱܻܽţ֪ھԼʲôԱ̬ΪҲ֪Լܲܽ裬ƺûô¡ھֻܻߣĵĸܻĴȶѡûнһٶܻĿʼƽһԵھҲʱǶŸԵ˼Ҫƽɡ
˺ܾãھͣ뿪ܻĴȡ
ܻһ֪鲻ᵽġ
Ҫ㣡ռ塱ھͻȻúء漴ܻסһַֻŵܻ鷿ϡ·ѹܻҧ촽Ϣţְܻܵסֻ֣Լ
ԴӺһ󣬴ûһԼ壬ȻԼļԼңԼѵִ࣬滹Ҫ
ھɫ糺ܻʵԸ𣿡
ܻΥĵĽ˵ǵģҲϰߣоù֡
ûϵġ
ھһ˵һֿʼĴֹܻ֪Ҳû壬ܻŪ˼Ҳˣοˣܻɿ֣ı۾忿ӱϡ
ھĶԽԽֱܻоԼ鷿ˡܻѷŵϣͷеԼ鷿ڱ˺š
󣬲Ů
ھһһ߽⿪ܻ·Űܻһƣܻ鷿ȫ¶ɫ˵ǰţھֿʼܻѾ͵Լ߳ܵͷΪΣͷŤ棬ҿھ
ھԽԽ˷ܣӴ³ֱܻܿˣ̧ܻȣѵܻӣ⿪ܻǵ˵Ŀӣڿ㣬̧ܻβ֪ѾֵزܾѾûˣֻ˳ӣȻԼļҾˣ˵ˡ
ܻ¶ǰھ۾ܻסˣȵķ֣ܻǸûëŮˡ
ܻһھֻ·ھӺܽ׳ܳѾúӲˡ
ھһѽܻŵϣֿܻĽ޳˫ȣææסԼϴףܻ˵Ҫ˰ɣҪߵĽҺǴ׵ġ
ھˣܾȣǻǸмĶܻЦЦ˵лл㣬
ܻ˵û£ֻҪܰǣôԡ
ھЦİɣ°ˡ
ܻ۾оھԼϵ̣ڽʳԼܻ֪һֿ뵽Լ壬ԼζʲôԼȴΪܻ֪Լܾˡ
ܻеԼڵҺͳԼھţеԼˣڹȵĽţеԼһµšھ˼ܽͣͣ˼λǲУܻܻͣղŵһϵжŪò֪룬㶵Ŀھ˭Ҳûж
ܻղŵһŪﰵڴھԼ塣ָܻڿճ˵ҺͿͿҲ󻬵ãȻ̧ھȹסĿ貿Ŵļϡ
Ŷھһܻʱˬ
ܻҲһֽץŬԼ
ھ¶һ˿΢Цʼ鶯
ܻҧ촽гֽѹ鷿ϣ鷿ھĳζھĳײԹʴϮĿУӷнʴܻ壬ܻ̲סڱСŶʱڿԺһ仰ΪޣΪ⡣
ڵֻܻھİڲˡ
ʱھǳģǺײܻӹÿһײʹܻޱȵĽţܻſţǸӲԼײ
ھָѹܻ٣ʹĴ̼ܻ಻ԣܻĸоھԼյĳ鶯շܻĸ߳
ֻھ˵ýѽôôˮҺϲСãҰɣ
ܻŵһ
ٴҵʹֻܻͣ治ϵһ㣬һ㣬ȥܲ˰
ھԲͻȻ͵һ˽ȥܻӱƳٵ棬
ܻˮʹģ֪ʱԼֻļŮӣûϿԵġ
ھִܻĹϣֽıܻͷظֱѹ鷿棬ܻھһֱ˫ͷԼĿУԼʱѾ΢Ӧӹĵĳ
ͷܻ˵һαԼļɣԼѻ棬ǲǺˬ
ܻ˳ĻĽͷŤһߡ
ھٺһЦ˵ŪֿɲѽͺȪѽСɧֽأ
ܻоĵھʹԼܳʵ
ھĺˡھֲڵܻĥҧסܻĶĲӣܻһֱΪӦɷѲܶ£һİڶ
ܻ֪Լһ˱˵֪ҲԼܲܵˣԼȴеıѹڽ׳棻֪˽úԼһ꣬ڴﵽĸ߳ľҺע뵽Լ壬ԼӹʱҪԼĿġԽ˿ܻΪںͱԽס
ʱܻоʼˣĳȥ
ܻüͷҧ촽ţսҲܲסˣŶʧ˳
ܻеˣڲβʼ鷿ҲͣھĽϴܻܿȫǺˮ죬ھĳҲˡ
һĿܻ壬ĸоԼһθܵ˸ԼѹֵԷܺͿС
ǣʹܻȴҪסھԼʱ˿УԼǰֳΪŮΪϵĴ
ȴǿңܻҲԽԽ죬֪ԼվǿƲסԼˡ
ܻ߳ܵԼϴˮѾ޷ˣܻڽԼѱ׵ռˣ
ܻھ˵иоˣ
ܻʱ޵֮ݡµܻӿˣܻĸָˣܻеͣǿĹ͵Ŀӹǿҵĳܻʶǵĺļššھ̲סſһ߲ܻһߺŴϢ
ܻҧס촽Ҳ̲סĻԼ޷Լˡ
Ϊ£ʹԼʹԹޣû뵽׷ԼôȴҪԼ壬ȥծ⼸Լֻһ˾һ˵ԼԼһԼԼ˲̫ġҲڲ֪ҰԼɾˡǰһлȻУ뵽ȴһİȫһ˿ҵ§һԽˣ۽
ھĳ鶯ԽԽ죬ԽԽܻβҲҳ鶯ײ֪ܻĵֵġֻܻۣ鷿ǰεŵģͷ͵ĺúӲ
ĳ壬ܻǰ˽ڵֿˣ˲һЩоԼӦ˵ģӭŮŮˡ
ܻҲͲסˣššššԽԽھ˱ܻ촽ڴеܻɵſ콫Լͷӭȥ˵ͷһˡ
ھɴཫܻͷҧסͷﱻŪţܻȴ޷ˣϢǿҵĿнܻ˲ʱۿĸ߷壬һǿҵܻӣܻһν˱˴ĸ߳
ǡ
ܻſ죬ȫĽģоľҺһδεĳˢŹͺһ󾷲סĹͷܻ촭ϢţǿҵԷʹܻڲڲ
ĺˮܻĺˮӵ鷿ϣŴܻʳҺζܻʶܻеʪˡ
ʱھֹͣ˳鶯ֻֽץסܻ鷿ܻڴϣڵܻĸ߳ȥܻû̧βľҺԼڡ
ܻ֫彥ɳȫĶҲƽϢˡܻԼ˫ȻھϣȻղŵľǿ飬һ˵泩˴ûĸܻ߳Щˣﲻˣ۾ʪˡ
ھ뿪ܻزˣܼѹ֮˫ָ˷ͦΣܻĺҲ˳࣬ȴо鷿ﴫ˿˿⣬ܻʶڸղż˷ܣԼѾʪˡ
ܻеҵӲˡ
ھĶܻ˵߳Ӻ޲ðˣٸһΰɡ
ܻԶԡ
ھֿʼˣȻļͦĻһһ˵ùͷһһĲ
ھĳ鶯ܻд߳ٴμ˷ܡ
ţšܻεĽţܻԼܻͼȥҧסԼ촽ɿʹһδ۾ſ쿴
ǵÿһγ鶯ÿһײš
ܻʧȥǣʼĳ鶯ˣܻβ̧߰ѽŷĴ߷ſܲĸ˫ֲɷϣܻغ衣
ھסܻקܻĴ汻§ڻ
ھԵԽܻʴӣܻû뵽һŮ˺ߵԽλ޵ݵĴͷ¶һ˿Цſ˫ۣӺסܻļٴΰܻ§ڻ
ھ˫ֻܻβץסƨɣһУͬʱĴһգһϵܻӵܻԾĽһȴ£ԼǸ׳ˣԾߵһĥŵڶΣΡܻȫĴ䣬ھԼŪ
ھֱֻ۲סܻ˫̧£ǿҵӾ̼ܻޱĿͷššĺ߽ţزĽӴܻ˷͡ٴҵĽܻĴˡ
ھˣǡ
ܻıס鷿ؿڣļϣšھܻ§ڻܻҺٴαӿ
߳޾ʹֻܻͷ͵͵棬ܻĶӺԼСһ
ʱھĽܻŵڴϣǸҵˣܻ֪Ҳ֪ļʱܽ
ܻƹںڵʪģ֪ԼڳҺԼϺͳԼҺ
ܻصѹ鷿Լѹţھܻ˵Ҿͽ֪ʲôˣ
ܻھԼǰ˾ȻôҲû뵽ǰ˷Լ壬û뵽Լᱻˣô̵ʱһİ˵ʼıˡ
ھĳͳԼôʵ͸ͳļ϶ܻԼͶײԼӹĿ貿ĴԼβʹȣܻÿһβ룬ھܻܻ弡ӭÿһε롣
ܻ˷ܵĴڴڵĴϢţظھҵţܻ۾ܻܿһα˸̧ܻ߳ˮٴαкҰСʧͷز˷ܵĸ߸̧ܻϢˡ
ھȻܻ˫ŷĳ壬͵ſܻϣ˫ִܻҸ£ִܻļͷܻٴαıڻˣܻоﱻԼδйĳʵȸͼӲд䶯Լղܣܻ˫Ⱥ벢סǸԼֿܻ˫ȣֻܻþȫͦԼĿбƵܻҪʹȥˡ

ھʺܻڵʼ˾ҵҲ壬һɹɵȵľҺܻ壬ܻӹҲڴξҵ
ܻ֪һ̵ĵζԼѾ׵ĸھˡ
ʱھſܻϡ
θܻ߳Ѿɢˣھܻܻͷߵֽ˲ľҺ
̫ܵǿҳ־õĴ̼ܻо΢΢Ĳš


075 źμ
ھԺ󣬿һǽܻ̾˿§ס˵Ժˣң𣿡
ܻһ˵㡭
˵ʵھ˯ܻ֮Լܱ𣬷ھ˰֮ģ֪ôˣھ˵⻰رϲ
㡭һ𣿡
ܻԥһ£˵
ھ˵ͷ˵ֻˡ
˵ھܻ§øˡ
ܻһĬ˵ȥ˵Ҹ㣬û¶Ҳһ
ھϲ˵ð죡
ţ´ˣھܻ˳һ԰׵߹Ҫ˵ھȴӳһ֧Ʊ˵ȥĻծǮУҶһڣպҵŮˣ
ʲô
һܻԥһ£˵ǡǽˣԺҾˣ㡭Ժˣ
˵ţһһŮӵ˳ȥ
ûҪ׷ȥܻҲûӡ
ˣһŮõһԪˣ˰ɡ
ܻ֮ھȴӵ˳ĵ绰
ھ
˵һ˵ģҵ֪Һ飬ȥҼȥ͡㿴
ھһ£˵Ǻǣû⣡ʲôʱ򣿡
죬𣿡
š֪ˣһȥġ
ھЦ
λй½غش齭޵ۣİŰ뵺ӹ㶫麣ϷС··ʳɵĴ󵺣УδʽơõԭΪе··ṫ·չ֮ΪˮɳĹϵ֮ĺԽԽǳ·ԵԽԽࡣмˣй滮ؽ̣óؾ·ʳǡ
ŵΪذضһֱ19͵10.28ƽչյ32.8ƽԼǻʢ֮һ۵ʮķ֮һ¼µĶʮ֮һŰŰ뵺к·뵺뵺й½ֱɼֱӴšźӣ·ȫ2.26гṫ·ӡ
Ÿ޶ҵ԰ڰŵĶĲǺϷӪģֻҪǮЩʲô߶Ķöȥ㡣Ŷҵ140ʷ1847жĲϷķҵרӪ衣1896710 ֹĲ䲩ҵ䳤ڴڷɵıԵ1937껹ǳרӪĳ19612£ʡ䲼׼ԲΪһ֡֡ǿҵԾ÷չкܴٽãӶʹڴڵİŲҵʽϷ70󣬰ȻһԲҵά־õľ棬ҵشչ԰žòصӰ졣
ŵĸҹܻһ㶼۵Ĳҷ̬Ȼʮֵܵļҵˣһ㶼õĻŵ˾ҹɨЩŵҲĵ棬׽ڴ
ʱھͺγѾǰŵĴܿ˰š˰֮кκרǰӭӡ
һھˣǰǰ˵С㣬ǺˣصӭǵĴݣ
ھ˵ͷЦ߰ɣòȼˣ
γһЦ¶˺κŵĳӣʻȥ
μׯ԰ڰϲıõɽׯھ֮ʱֻׯ԰ռعΰԼļ԰ȥ
˳֮ھһЦſڵȺǰ˵СãѾȴǶʱ
֮ھڼһκλˣ謡ԼκŮǡ
κŮ˺γ֮⣬вƯŮγǣ24꣬Ƕ̫̫謣γƣ9֮꣬Ůγӯ8֮꣬Ůγ7֮꣬ŮɵŮСʮֿɰ򣬶һǴѡ
λĸãھ
ھ΢Ц
Ǻǣھˣҿǵܾˣ
κǺЦ
סھ֣ЦȻ㣬Ҳͷˣ
ھЦЦ˵ĸˣպһúöԴģ
ھ˵һκھ˵ھе¶˵㵥ҹ¡
ھŶһ˵ͷ


076 ֮Ůγ
ߵһߡ
ھ
κˣھ벻ڽͳ鰡
ǸʵҲ֪ģ˺Ůᡭ
㲻ý͡
κ΢ЦŴھ˵Ҳң˻м˽ġ֮ܶҶԲϲ˭ǲġο㣬ھ׸
κ˵ţ΢Цſھ

ھһ£ô˵ͬҡҺͳ飿
ǵģͬˣ
κ̾һ˵뵱꣬ഺŮʱ˵Ǹ۰̨׷Ķ󣬳ҲҵŮʱ룬ǳкĻǲݣѼҵȥˣ
ھĬˣͬ˵γȷʵǿҵϻǴϡ
κֶ̾κͳǸʱңվǸŮӣҲһִӴĽɽһֱڸɫʵĶ󡣿ϧϹۣȻó޸Ǹࡣ
ھû˵ҲΪֶʶ˲
Ϊ˷ڳвѽܡϾļͥ˻һ㳬֪Ҳ׼պҪͺܶŮ˷Լɷ򡣿ϧСʮֺǿϣԼɷǸֶеĹˡϧ಻ˣϼۿ˵Ź壬ҲңʱΪúμҵĵλ̣ΪöĳܹиĿˣҾҵӴˣϵѷʽˣƷôЩ꣬úܲ죬ҿŮѻҲܡֻ֪֪Ժֵ࣬Щ꣬һֱϣҵµҸڣھƺҵˣ
κ˵ţھеЦŨ
ңȻǺ㡭ϿŮʱɬ֪ζǶˣھ֪ҵʵ㣬ϣܸҸֲҵĹ
ھźζķʱȻΪŮ˵֮ʮָж˵ģһúðģȻܳΪҵӣҲΨһŮˡұ֤ҵ֮꣬һὫ׵ˣ
Ǻǣͺˣ
κ΢Цھļ˵ھԺǾһˣʱԵ
ģ
ھ΢Ц
ϣھڶҳԷ극󣬺γЩˣȥϢˡ
ھںμϢһʱںμҵӾӾʱһŮӴӾװ˹ǱˣǺζŮγǡ
γǵòƫڻѪ֮γ˼񣬷˼˿ġ
ھźγǣֻʱʽһţǲвǰŮˣȦŮ
γǺκ17Ůһĸǳ۰ݳƺγڼҾǻʵŮκ谮ŮΪҵϵ̳ϵƴһޡҺγǸҵϰֵ̨ϳֿڣκθ߽пࣺҵĻԶܣ̬վɡ
γӧӲĵӰƬֺϷǷȱϷγȴָʵǰĮģЦԼӶ߱2004γƾ顷Ůʱ˽ŵڵӻǰ⣬ںγǵýһ̸ĵ
γ2003Ӵϳɻ飬ݳƵʱκֱʸŮ2000ԪļױʱǺγǵĻɴͼֵԼ200ԪרLesageһ嶤⣬鱦David Morris˽鱦չϴֱʹһ鱦ֻƾɷ룬ôܹ⣬1996Ϊи֮ӱܣԴ֮󣬺γϷʱκ4ڱŮɼγǵ̶ܳȡγ˵Լд˾籾ҲǾܺüͶʣÿֵֵãˣ˵⣬û̸
˹09۸񣬶κָ9ɣɵ5λ19λϰҲһأϹӴֺУγֻпԼ2009ƻϷ
ʱھŮвʱ޾֮ģ


077 ռкγǣϣ
ʱһۺɫӾװǼˣȻ˵һŵչֳӾµ¸߸һнαúܽ㶯˵ƺӾ֣֮޳ѩȴʱȫûκڣ˵ǵشӾ²ס¸߸͹һ̷۵ѩ֣мһƬι룬˵覣ޡ
ôˣǣ
ھ۾ʵ
γǺǺһЦ˵ҲӾ𣿡
˵ţγǻˮεھߡ
ھİ͹µĺγǣһЦ˵ʲô¶𣿡
γǿھ׳ģһ죬ʵھ㡭ɲǩԼĹ˾
ʲô
ھһ˵ҪǩԼҵĹ˾
ǵģ
γ˵֪ھҡϲǡϷǵԸȦڡҲֻܽһЩСɫǣԡϣǩҡҪǩԼҡҵز᲻ͬ⣡
ھˣԭ¶ǺһЦ˵û⣡ǩ㣡
γǴϲ˵̫ллˡ
ŴʱγǵıӾװгھʱˡһ˵ǣĺƯ
γһһ죬Ǹھˡ˼ҴϲĻȻܺá
ھһ⻰ʱһһǰסγǵ֣§סγǣ˵ǣӾ˺𣿽ҵŮ˰ɡ
⡭ҡ
γǵʱһͷȥ˵жھʵѾ˸飬ټҪǩԼĹ˾ʱŮȷʵ˼
ھۼγûзԼ֪ѾĬϣºٺһЦһѱγǣӾԱߵϢ
ڣھγǷŵϢõĴϣȻֽԼ·ѹ⡣γǿھ·Һޣæ˫ۡ
ھԼ·˸⣬Ȼȥɵز˺γǵʱγǱͬһͷСһ㣬ȫ¶
γǵĺİ鷿ۺɫͷ٣ԸеͭǮͷ޳ѩ״ȣɫëĵɧ£ԲԲʷʵѩΣϸˮһжģԸеģ崿ģھǻǣܸоγǻǸŮͲסȥ
ѹںγϣźγǵĴ鷿ץͷھ»ÿںסͷ˱ţʱļҲǵӲ̽ǹ׼γǵĴŮѨγȫ紥
ھšš
γǵĽھ뵽ڽ̫ˣָγǵĴŮѨ̽γǵĴŮѾʼˣָʼǰγǵķӦúܿ죬ʼŤγǵ鷿źγϸļ
ŶŶáھ
ھּŪγǵĴŮѨͬʱҲûţӺγǵĶʼһֱ򵽱󣬺γȫΣ
ھ֪γѾ̲סҪȥɣȴҪγǶһᣬúγȸ߳ٸɸɡҲֹͣİγǵĴŮѨʹúγมมСˡ
γǴϢţҡ壬ʱһƣͷγ˫֮䣬ͷĳֵĴŮڣӶˮ£Ūڵ٣Ѿ߳ˣŶھ򡭡򡭡ŶŶúมŶŶ˰ŶŶҪ
γǵĽ۵Сǵ㣬ҵطˮ̰ͬӿͬ㾷ţȫھûֹͣһߴڵʺγǵˮһָټӴŪγҲѴﵽĵ߷塣ʱγǵͻȻȻڴϣȻһ˵ھҪŪˡûг񡭡ĿС
Ǵģγǣ
ǣھĴ󼦰Ƶγǵǰǣú÷ҵļͰɣĺãˬ죡
γ֮İھļͺһνͷγǵ˫֮䣬ǸղŷĳֵĴŮѨں٣γھļ̫޷Уţءšء
ھļںγͷǵø󣬺γǵͷܰγǵĹͷγǺĺܽüǵøھˬòɺ߳ŶŶŶŶǡŶǡ㺬üˬˡŶҵĺˡŶóǡŶҿˬˡŶǡǡŶҰ㡭ŶˬˡŶŶǡŶ̫ˬˡŶһˬŶóǡáŶǡһˬŶŶŶ
γھͷ¾ҲסļͣŪš
ھëγе٣٣Ϊȵ˷ܣͶѪԵøͻӵˡγǶ϶ĺţššˬˬšˬˡššˬššСѨˬˡššˬšššھšҡšܲˡš
γǵҲץסھβһͶ٣϶šھš첻ҪˡšҪˡСѨˡ㡭ššܲˡššܲˡššھܲˡ
ƽׯʥŮһʱҲˣھ˷ܡγǵУټβڶѽģĵزŮѨˮϪˮʱʱСһһϵģסʲô
šôôˬôôšššҺˬŶˬšھˬˡšھššСѨˬˡššˡššˬˡ


078 ռкγǣ£
γǱ˷ͣƵƵ߽ţ㡭ܲˡˡѽܲˡھ졭ھܲˡü͸ҡ
ûãھļҲ̲סҪæƿγǵͷƵγѩ׵鷿ϣʱھļ̲סľҺںγǵ鷿ϡมมšˬˡŶ
һһһһεŪĺγǾҺʮֳļʱҲή𣬺γǿ֮˵סھĶʮֳļͣǹ´࣬һھģ̇ͷͦءھأ
ȫ̷ȣصȼˣΨһľǸѨҪɺγǵĴŮѨѹס˺γǣѹںγ˵ϣ׼úδµԴγǵĵĴŮأѽסĴ̼ˮƺӷƵģʱƬһһϵ䶯ƺ뺬סʲôٸΪˮ󣬴ԭԵøӵʺ죬ֶĿֶ˺γǵѨڣھüͽȥֻںγǵĴŮм䣬ĥ͵ĥѺγŪĽһͶ٣϶ĥúγǸҪҪ͵
ھ»һ㣬ͷŮڣһ˽ȥļͣŲ幫ңγǵļУʹʹѽʹˡ㲻Ҫʹھʹ
ͷƺʲôסԭǴŮĤھźγǣֻγ۽ʹˮɫһ࣬һס
ھ˵ţɣ
ھסͲùͷѨڻĶšźγǵĶӣͷγǵ죬źγǵ鷿˺üӡ
γǵɫɰ׵죬ӣСڸ΢΢ſھоγǵĴŮѨƺ϶¼͡
ھšٲȥԿ
γǵֻھβݷʾȥͽһ̡һ̲γǵĴŮѨǺγʹļȥʱھֹͣоγǵѨѨڿӺγǵѨɫѪγǵĵһαھˣ
ʹʹมʹˡСѨѿˡมġ̫͡ˡСѨˡͣ㲻ҪСѨܲˡʹ
Сµȷ̫С̫ˣеļЩʹǣһ£һ¾ͻģ
ǡСѨʹáܲˡСѨá񡭡ˡ
óǣӣĸоͻ᲻һڿʼĶĳ飬ʹҾͲˡ
ǣھİѼͳںγǵĶֲȥسͼʮ£γüͷûһ£ھ֪ˣĳ֪͡˼ӣγǽζԵ֣ˮǰĻҪ࣬ȸղŵĺ̫ˡҡššھҵššһ㡭һ㡭šš
ǡ㿪ʼǲǡûƭɣ
źγǵ˵ı飬ھԭϧָ֮ûˣڲܺγʹʹھҲҪʼŪˡÿһβ嵽ףƨɾתһ£ÿһγѨʵʵĸоѨԼгϡھĳѨúγѣ
šššˬššššСѨˬˡСѨˬˡšСѨˬšҺˬš
óǡŶСѨˬˡŶŶ
šˬšСѨˬššʹˡššŶŶˬˬŶھļͺûɡššø͡šھ̫ˡš
̡̡̡̡ž̡ž̡ž̡
ھļͺͺγǵѨײټϺγǵšš̫ˡšˬš
γǵ಻ϣеĺˣеĺγǵֻţ򣬲ͣҵţͣҶγϵıˣţںγǵϳ˺Σ˿Ŀ΢ϣֱ鿴˸Ѫţ١
ھšš̫ˡŶšô󡭡͡ˬˡšˬˬѽŶˬšھšļ͡š̫ˬˡš̫ˡš̫ˡš͡ɵ̫ˬˡš
ֻγһУһ˫ֽıھ˫߸ߵβǼӭͼ͵ĳ塣
ʵϣγǣҲǺӴ
ھһγˣڣ֮ܣ͸Ƿ͸ɣӱޣһͣݺݵĳͣɵɽѣɽΪ֮ɫ
ھЦҡ㺦ġ졭ĸСѨҪˬˡˬ졭ѽҪˡ
ʱھͦžžẓ̣̣̌ôˮ
ǣҪ˵HҪ˵£ʲôѨѨĲ
ʹѽСѨˡļôô󡭡Сʹѽھһ㡭Сһ㡭СѨܲˡʹھ
ǡŶҵĺóǡŶ㵽ҪҺݵ㡭Ŷ㰡Ŷһ¡ŶһŶŶ
ھھɡʵڡǡ̫ˡ̫󡭡ˡСѨʹˡͱúô󡭡
ھγǵİУʹȻصĸɣݺݵĲ塣ی±͵깵һһͳ˲ˮôڲ࣬ëΧˮŪʪʪģòˡγǱھһӵĿ͸ɷŪеģ˲ĲҵҶֻʣº
ھھˡ顭ӹڶú̫ˡ
óǡŶáŶһͻˬŶ
šСܲˡšھһ㡭ھš
ھźγǣԼٶ£γˣģֿʼ˽УεŤ󣬸졣ššС±Hʹšš󼦰͡ŶҵĻˬˡŶš
óǡ梡¿ʼ𡭡Ŷ
šˬšھС¿ʼˬˡŶС±ɵĺˬšصĸɡԡHššСºʹ졭š
Сº桭šˡŶˬˡŶǶˬˡŶ
ھҲ𡭡ٿһ㡭졭ھСҪ졭ˡˡ
ȶšHСѨˬˡɧˌ°Ŷ
ھܲˡҪˡ졭ѽʹHҡ졭ŶˡҺˬáˬŶˬˡ
ǡŶŶҲҪˡˡһɰɡˡŶŶ
һ鴤һŨŨҺȫγǵѨ̵úγһͷһ˽УھʹŴˮεεͺγͬʱ߳ˡ


079 ѰؼǾǱ֮Ļ
ھӾڵĴϰѶһŮγǸˣʱ¶֮ھЦЦ˵ܲǣ벻㻹ǴŮ֮ȣζֲͬ
š
γԥһ£˵ھܲܲҪ˵͵ܡҪңʱԡ
ãҴӦ㡭
ھЦ
ڶ죬ھԶúγǽĹ˾ԱȻвԸ⣬ǱϾھӲܲҲͬˡ
ص֮ھʼﱸѰؼǡ飬ִ֮ĵһϷѰؼǡⲿϷھڴ½пʽȻҲڴ½ȡ㡣
ⲿϷھԼΪŮ˴󲿷ֶԼȣھԭ
µĳﱸ19981124գѰؼй꿪ھҲ뿪ۣǰꡣ
ѰؼǵԱڽĿʽ֮ǰѾý幫ˣھĻھȻѡ˽⣬ھҲ͋һ
̵ĻھѡǰĹ֣ѡۡ
Ůɫھ÷ݣŮԱӽޱݣ÷ѡ̨Ա־йһҹԵԬӽݣɫݣѡδԸԱݣ͢Ű֥ǴСSŮûݣʫھѡ˴½Աɣѡ˴½Ľڣ̨ŮԱu켧Ļھ붼룬ѡϾǰɰ켧ɫķǳãѡŮԱҦʺѡŮԱᣬӯѡ˴½ԱԲԲ
ھѡܻڸھĹˣԽԽ᣻ʯطѡӵԱȻӣھȻ᲻ھѡԼŮ
ҪɫͼȻھ˼֮ͮ壬ݼȻ
ϺŷῪ÷ǳ˳ѰؼҲʽˡʵⲿϷﱸ£ھҲæ£æʲôأȻǺŮǱˣѰؼǵÿһŮǣϵĶھ˯һ飬ڣһһ˵
ѰؼǾҪڴ½̨ۡȵѰԱʱȼй飬Ҫ֪ѰؼǿǵһϵĴԽС˵Ѷ˾ߺͶǧһĪ˵ЩСǣһЩƣ̲סΪ֮Ķ
ӽޱ1989μС㾺ѡϾС㽱199012곤30۰ʦ߼ϻ̽飬13գ̽ͻȻಡӽޱɹѸ̽˽17000ԪŲΪԭֱִӽޱҲûȫ쵽Ǯ1995꣬ӽޱȦƳƬಿӰ
ӽޱҲ̫ãƲڻںļᣬӽޱҪ׬ǮԼʱѰؼⲿϷҪƷˣǴӽޱܹһõĽɫ
ޱޱ
ʱӽޱľӽޱҺӽޱ˵
ѾˣⲿϷһеľ߶ҪܲãҲھ˵ȦﶼԣλߵĴУҪϷҪϴ
˶ӽޱ˵

ӽޱüͷ˯ų⣬ϾҲ߹ģҲ飬ǡ
ѾҪʮˣ˵ھ˼𣿡
ӽޱʱѾľ򣬱ϾȦǱ֪ģĵǣԼ޷ھ
ʵҲˡ
˺ٺһЦ˵λھϲŮ˵ͶŮγŮܻŮҲйϵޱޱ㿴ƯʣټϹѸζû⣡
Ǻðɡ취Լ𣿡
ӽޱ˵
Ȼûġǹ˾ѾרŸŮ˵˵ˣǺܿлˡ
Ц
Ѷ߹˾ھصؿһܵĲţѡ㲿žרŰܲѰҾɫŮĲš
ʱŵľӽޱ˵ǮͽԸھϴһЩŮԱȴӽޱϷ档
ţӽޱ
ھ쿪ʼڳﻮѰؼǵ飬ʵŮǵһģһҳͿӽޱ
һ֣ھǰĸC
ھĶˣ
Լ
ھֱ


080 ѰؼǾǱ֮ӽޱ
Լʱӽޱ׼ʱھİ칫ңû ߽ھĿ֮УѾɳϵ
Ϊˣӽޱ̬ǰ΢Цܣˡ
ɣ
ھƽ˵һ䣬ͬʱĿͣŮ˵ϣֻվǰӽޱȾͷһЩĽСָϸٯɫ£ɫĿӣɫЬȥУܰȻ飬²û̫ĺۼȻᡢ
ӽޱС΢˵ǸѰؼǣҪݵĽɫ
ھŮֱ뻰⣬̲ס΢΢һЦ˵㰡ҲǸԱˣ֪ûа׳Եͣʲô鶼Ҫ۵ġ
֪
ӽޱ侲һЦ˵ȦǱ֪ô
ھûӦĵӽޱĺ촽Ѿӭ˵촽
Ѯͷӽޱ治һλһЦȻ̬ûֵھҲһŮˣĲôԸΪһǧȺȢǴһϣֳڲͬȲŮǰŤŤ󣬸ûЩĻ鼱еǰٰĲٰ࣬´桭ֻ͵Ůˣӵѳ֪˵һҪ
ھ֮ʱӽޱĺ촽ȴͻȻ˿
ھһֻӽޱһ˿Ц˫ֽһƣƵɳϣȻԼѵ· ĶôȻû˿ҲһЩ߰ŤֻǴһ˿Ц⡣κ˿龰ǾջĻ棡
£ӱȥӣҲڲ֪б˦Աߵɳϣ˿ھǰһֻغǵ׿ĳ޸
ɫ¡ʺ㣬Һϲ
ھƵŮ˳壬ųԼĸ̾
ӽޱϵЦ·øŨھߣб˵Ļ쵽崦ĸš
ôļɰǸܸɻµļһ
о˵ĳѾӲޱȣӽޱһЦ
ھˣЦһ֪ҵ֤պԶ벻ң
ӽޱʱ˵ڿ˵Ĵ
ӽޱСھĹͷţ˵ĹͷһЩˮھû뵽Ů˵Ҳ˷һѳӽޱ֣ٽŮ˵ĵ׿һ˫ַ׼ɧѨӻ䡣
ӽޱϽֽ§סھļԴӺǾжʱûбH һСģڻûõ¾ͱ˵Ĵһֱͱףܲˡ
ӽޱܵ˵ĹͷԼ֮УϱоĽСʱӽޱûгֵʪھоһĦĿ⡣Ѿüأ﷢Ľ
ȲҪǸ̫̫ˡڲȥһȡһ¡
ھӽޱ촽һ£ǰɣܲˣԼɣһġ
ھ˵ɣǴ˿еˬͲ̲סҪӽޱʵѵһļƷһһѿļͼеܲ͸磬Ҳͣ䶯ţھоԼȻһ¾͵˷ıԵ
ܶˣ
ھԺͷһȻ˫һ٣ӽޱѨгЩȻһţٶӽޱȥ
ء𶯡Լ
ӽޱ۽һ⣬Գʹ١
ھͷӽޱβǼβɣȻ˵úúãҲԼɡ
ʱӽޱỬȴ󿪣ھƨϣȻ¶ͬʱʼɵŤ˵ֳܵһû˿ķ϶
㿪ʼˮŶ
ھоӽޱڵԽԽ˳֪ŮҲѾ𣬱Ȥ˵
šȽûôۡԶһԣҪô
ھԣ͵һֱӽޱӹڴӽޱ̴һţһ˵
Ӳá
ھһ߿ʼʶԼһЦҲҲٵŮļƷˬ
ǡ𡭡Ҹеҡ
ӽޱһ˵ţһٴԶԼĺ촽ھһ
ھŪһ˵ǻ桭
ҵĺү
ӽޱȻһЦ˳ӵվӣʲôƣ
ַŲ輸Ҵӱջ
ھָָɳǰĲ輸
ӽޱ˵תӣ˫ϥأѩ׵ƨɶھȻͷЦǲ
Ȼ
ھЦȻ߹ȥסӽޱƨɣѨ¶һ㣬ȻٶȰ˽ȥ
ھʱеһĦкͽոУȻջǵһ˽룬ˮһεĽԶһҪ˳ھ룬͸ĳܹӽޱϵĳܹǽһȻͣǰ͡
ӽޱʼȥһ㡭һ㡭
ھѾоԼĹͷӽޱӹǻֽĿзǳ֮ǿңʹҲ̲סԽԽ죬˵Ѩ˼ļƷûˡҪһ봩Ļ
ӽޱһţһ˵ءҲðҡ
иġҵı»ֻС
ءҪҪͣҡҪˡ
ӽޱһźţһǿҵŤŮȵǻ̼ھ񾭣ΡΡĴڿвϵضʹھܿ͵ıԵ
ھһƴضţһ˫Ĵӽޱѩ׵ƨɣеŮǺá
ˬĴ󼦰͡ǰھĸΡ㡭ڿ㡭
ӽޱͣطĺУھҲԽԽ
ⷿУھ͹ѸӽޱƴĽšھǸȵȻͣЪӽޱľջģֱӽޱһһĵǡ
ӽޱˮ齻ڵĺУȴʹ޷˼
󡭡󡭡
һʱ仨۷ɽ𣬡ˡҪˡ
ûһ̣ӽޱѾףˣھӿǿҵУ˫ץסӽޱͦ壬ø
žž
ھ˫ֽץӽޱ鷿ײʰ׶еԵƨɣʼһֵĳ壬Ȼÿζ룬ӽޱᵽǰδео
š
ӽޱĿ룬㷢ɢңѩ׵ųнز

ڣھӽޱľѨǿҴ̼£ҲѾǼϣץסӽޱӣŮĺͥ˾Һ


081 µƤ
ʱھӽޱ֮󣬺ܸ˵§ŮЦܲŮζȻǲһ㰡ޱޱҺ⣡
ӽޱһЦղҲھú˵ھ˼ҸΪ˽ɫڡ˼ҷԼ벻ˣ㲻Ҫ˼ң˼Ըˣһź㣡
ھЦһӽޱѩΣЦû⣡ҵĺֶһԱǺܸ˵ģ⣬ҴѰؼ㿴ô
ţ˼Ը⡭
Ľɫˣ
̨Ƭ
ʱų̨һŮǾڸĵӾ硶㡷ⲿϷһ̳ϷݣǾ̨񵱺СΡŮǳµݺͼ־ˡ
ǾС̨һŮ֮ƣΪȻʮֵĴƣʱȻƬŮţΪȴǸ߰ýκ˷
Уµ̨͵ŮǣǾһЩȻûʲôĽģǼ־ȴǲһ
־ļͥԭǳǿ˾ģҲǸϧ׵ƲҲҵ䣬־òƴ׬Ǯڱ̽УȦҲΪҵļּ˿ԵľС
ʱļ־Ŷʮ꣬ȻĹһЩӾ磬ǱϾ첻ԼֻǸ˶ѣƬ겻ÿһ̨ңۺǧԪǾƬȴÿʮ̨ңۺ򣩲಻һ㡣
־Ǿǰǰߺ߸һˣЩԱˡ
ԼʲôʱܳΪǣΪ׬Ǯծأ
ôˣ
ʱ򣬴ǳµ˹ЩȻļ־˵
Ŷݽ㣬ûɶ
־ȻҸµִǷʲôɧֻøЦ
µȴȦˣ￴־ĽǾԼϸϸһ¼־˵椳û治ٺ٣ҪƼھ֪ôԼ
ʵھĺѾӴˣȻ㣬ӵеŮ˶ָȾھģЩŮ˾ҲھɫµŮˣԴ˻ýʱȻ־óµȤ
ҿأǿ˼ǾǰӵһˣȴʲôûУﲻƽǰɣ
µ΢Ц
ݽ㡭ҡ
־Ĭˣ֪զ˵
벻ݽָ·
µЦˡ
ݽ㣬˵˵
־۾һе
µݺٺһЦӻѾƤģ֪ȦҪĻͱҪһе֧֣㿴㣬òãʺãģܹԼ塭ʱ²ܴ죿
ʲô
־ʱ죬˵ݽ㣬ôǡǳԼ
⻰ɲô˵ȦҲЩˣòֹ֪ɣ
µݺһ룬ûûҵСװʲô崿
ҡ
־˵ˣʵвٴжԼ־йȤǼ־ȴǲԸͣԲһֱֻǸСǣڵĹ˾ûбȼ־ȻǶûݡ
ʱ־κ죬ϳֺ֮ɫǸδµСŮһ
òң㻹ǴŮɣ
µݿ־ˣһ£ʳôһ仰
־ͨ죬ͷšǵġݽ㡭
µݲϲҪܸھҵһŮŮǵʱ϶ھܸˡ
£µһ¼־˵˵ǷܶǮǰɣ
ǵģݽ㡭
־˵ͷ
͸ӦԼǱλȨˣ
µļ־ĳ˵20ĩ˰ӣǲܹô⽨뿴СɫϷҪòſܹծǮڸ˵˵Ƿծ٣
Ǹкų̈ҡ
־

µݺǺһЦ˵ӣҸ㣡ʶһϰ壬ֻҪԸ·˫ȣұ֤ǵծϾܰƽһϣ

־Ӳ֪˵ʲôá
ӣϣףܶһδиıԼ˵Ļᡭϣúÿһ£һģһҪ㣬õλĳ谮õĶʵ󲻵ġ
µ˵ȷʵƤ


082 ȡ־
ҹʮļ־߻ؼС
ļ־ʱ򣬶ʮ꣬ŮһеĻԻͣһŮǹֳԷ̸ҺͽʬиԼСĻ˵ǡŸ˧֣һŤһŤڽɢŲ鵱ȤҲã콾ҲãŮӦеȨ
ϧ־ܣǷծԼֻܲͣعϷΪﻹծĿˣסŵĻʮƽ׵СӣԼ͵ֻܹܵ˯ڿҪְס
־еʱҲԹĸ㲵ӣֵıԹʧ
ĸô󣬸ԴˣԹ޻ڵذ
Ǽ־ÿ۵òеʱ򶼻뵽ġ
̨ҹǷǳģҹз޺˸̵ָꡢϷǺʮˣϧЩͼ־ûϵ
ܿģ־صԼļſڣܿͷ˲ԣԼСſھȻվźīź·ĺˡ
ô¶!־һǰеʲôˣΪʲôҼҵſڣ
һļ־¶⣬־һʶ˺һǡʲô
һ˺ٺһЦ˵С㣬ģҴ㣬ȥ
־һ㶣ŸæóԿ״ţ˽ȥ
ӵУԼĸסĸ׺͵ܵܶϣԱߺüŻģվߣһʮĹͷŵɳϣϵ̡
ǡʲôˣΪʲôҼҾǱҪٲߣҾҪˣ
־ŭؽеͬʱ׶ݺݵصŵܵܣͷᣬϵ
Ƕҵļʲô
־е
С㣬㲻Ҫż
ǸͷٺһЦ˵ɣҽһ£Ǵ󸻺ǮׯĸˣҽΪĵܵܽǵǮׯһǮڻǮʱ䵽ˣص׷ծģ
ʲô
־ЩվסˣȻ֪νǮׯζʲôһƬѣܵܣ㡭ĽǵǮ
ܵܵͷ㣬ҲΪҰ
־ŬʹԼƽȻǸ˵Ǯ
ٺһЦ˵࣬İ۱ң
ʲôİ򣿡
־ʱɵˣİ۱Ұۺ̨ҪһǧٶԼôǮ
Сӣ
ְְֺȻָżֵܵƿڴСӣΪǮծ㲻¶ȻȻȥǮׯǮҪ𣿡
£ʵ
һŻаѼְְְ˵
ǱҰ֣
־еŶԼֵܵܽеܵܣ˵ǮʲôǮʲôǮȥˣ
ֵܵصͷ˵ҡȥĳˡ
㡭ȻȥĳǮ
־ˮе֪֪Ϊҷ˶˼ÿ̰ڵعƳ̳Ҷ᲻ֻΪʡôǮ㣬ȻȥĲҪǼ𣿡
㣬Բ𡭡
ֵֻܵô˵
־Ҫ˵ѾٺһЦ˵С㣬ļҲܣҲûȨܣܵܽǮծѾˣ׻˵ɱ˳ǷծǮݻҵϣôǮǻǲ
ҡʱûôǮ
־˵
ûǮҪ
ٺһЦ˵Ǵ󸻺ųǮׯ֮⣬ģ˽˻Ĵ󸻺ǶֻҪСϸȥЩǷһ£ծһʹΣ
ʲôǡǡ
־ͼְְּɫףеΣܣˣ
ܣĶôף
Цһһӣ¾Ҫǰץס־־ŵˣҪߣȴôҲˡ
ˣ
ڴʱȻ
ţ˭ȥţ
Ǹ¶һ˿Ц⣬»˻֣˸æǰȥš
ſˣſȴһòŮˣǱˣǳµݡ
ʵһжǳµݹⰲŵģ׼ȷ˵ھ֪˼־֮Ļ̨ĳµôɵġ
µȿ˼־ĵܵܣȻһŻǰϷȻԼڳӢ۾Ի˵ķģʱµҲʽˣ
㡭ǳµС㣿
߽ĳµݣʱһ˵
ǳµݣ˭ʲô
µЩ˵
æ˵Լݺ⣬µˣǺһЦ˵ԭҪǮģûϵǮ
ʲô
˴һ־ĸŮ˸ǵɴ۾׳µΪʲôҪô
µݺдһ֧ƱݸȻͺʶȤ뿪ˣѾûǵ¶ˡ
֮󣬼־ĸŮһְְһ˼ֵܵһƣСӣ֪ǼҺˣ
ֵܵͷһ仰Ҳ˵
æסְְ֣ϹҪ鲻Ƕȥ𡭡
ְְؿŲĶӣʮֲ졣
ʱ򣬼־µݣΪм˵ݽ㣬ĺлл㣬Ҫ㣬һ治֪ôźáһǮһԺ󻹸ġ
µһЦԼ־˵ҽþͲҪ˵Щˡһ£Щ˵


083 ־ѡ
־ųµ⣬µݿ־һ˵ղΣհҪң֪ʲô³𣿡
ҡ
־ͷ˵֪
ʲô³Լ˵ɣ
µݺһ˵
ҡҡ
־ںȻе³µݣҰѻ
Ҹɣ
µ˵ᱻЩĺڵץȥȰּˣȥЩͷ˯һҪӺüˣ֪𣿡
Ҫ˵ˡҪ˵ˡ
־ˣһѴϳµݽе֪֪ġ㲻Ҫ˵ˣ㡭
־ʱ²ѣҪԼּ顭ȻڱȥźЩĵˡһӼˡ־ֱˡ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
µ˵Ϊʲôᱻ˱Ƶôңԭ𣿡
ҡҡ
־ʱһСѧڱµʦѵ⣬һ仰Ҳ˵
ΪûȨû
µݺһ˵ʵɣ֪ղǸڵΪʲôôҰɣֻǸϷӣûʲôʵҸ㣬Ϊұλʵǿ˼㣬Բ̨˸ǣ
˵־ΪĽ룬иɽǲһݽĺھų˿ǾҵݶҲǳ
µݼ־ĶˣܸˣΪھ֪˼־飬ǴŮ֮󣬶ŮǴΪȤԼܰھŪŮˣԺھȻӵ
УһĽǾɣھǰɣ
µ΢Ц֪һкܴĻ˵־ġ
š
־ûзϣΪھǾˣƣˣǾԵĲǡ
ҿʵ㣡
µݺߵǾ˲ʵҲǿ˯߹ܶˣߵزԸ⣬ֻҪԸҵϰ壬ܵõԼǿ
ǡⲻǰҸ𡭡
־˵ҵĵһҰˡǡ
ҵɵð
µһЦˣ˵ϣҸ㣬õģǲʵʵģ뽨ǿʻϣӦǮֻҪǮͲסСҲ쵣ĸ׷ծ˵أ
ҡҡ
־һʱȻ֪ô˵źã
ұϰһС˼ҳϣȥɣ
µ΢Ц˵
־һ£Ǹųµݳˡ
ϣµݰһݸ־־һֻ澹Ȼһʻ̵
⡭
־ɴ۾һӶûôǮ
ǸСԸ⣬õıʮֹ
µ΢ЦҵĺϢ
˵ţµݴ򿪳뿪ˡ
־װƱӣĬȻ
Ѿˣھ
ϣµݸھ绰
ݶɵòŶ
ھЦŮܿͻҵĴˣⶼĹͣ
ˣھⶼҸģˡ
µ˵ھΪʲô֧ƱǸ־Ҫֽأ
Ͳ˰ɣ
ھЦٶǮ֧ƱҲֻһ֣һֽɱɾͲһˣ㶮𣿡
ھ㻹ǽƻ

ھЦ
־ڴϣ˼ĺܻҡ
ղţ˿ʱҪжˣȻĸĵԼôǮģԼȥˣ˵Ƭ꣬Ǹĸ͵ܵܿĵӣȴü־ޱȵĿġ
ҪǸݽĻϰ壬ҾͿü˹ϺˡҲҪЩνĴǵɫ¡̫õ顭ҡԼҲкܶǮ
־ȻĶ
ǡǡ
־𣬡ҪݽĻϰǸϵˡҡҡҡ
־ʱøֲίԼһͷӣӦôء
ôء־һƬìܰ
һǶʵĿһȴǶԼ׶Ů֮ģһеһжޱȵü־Ůеޱȵľᡭ


084 ѰؼǾ֮Ǳ־ϣ
ڶϣһҹ˼ļ־ڸµݴ˵绰
ݽ㣬ΪҵļҸҴӦ㡭
־ԥϰ˵仰
Ǻǣ񻰰
µݺܸˣҸ׼Ʊҵϰۣһȥɡ
ۣұڡʱ־ͳµ߽ޱȵķӵʱǵҲǸŮҲۡ
µЦԾϰ壬ķǲסġ
ʱһӾװС˹µݺǺһЦЦݽ㣬һӾɡ
ݡ
ˣС㡭
µ֪ھߵĺˣϽ˵Ҹɵˡ

ݿһۼ־¶֮ɫתȥӾˡѾͷھԽԽ磬ڻ˸Ҳӡ
˭ϰŮ𣿡
־ʵ
ϰĸŮ
µ˵ϰĺˡҽɡ
ųµݽң־ܿھ
־Ϊϰһϵͷû뵽ȻھӢˡ
Ǻǣ־С㣬á
ھڼδλ͡족˵ĺƯ
ھǰɣ
ʱµѾ˳ȥ־˵
ھǺһЦ˵ǵȻңˣȻˣһϲֱ⡭
˵ţھǰ§ס־˼־ĺ촽ԼҲ־·ǶԻԲŪ

־ھȻвԸ⣬ʱȴվˣ
ȦǱ򣬼־ѡ˽ܡ
ھѼ־ѹڴϣѹԼ£İ׳£ɫأһЦ˵ɫŴ࣬ǸʹӦʵռ㡭
ء㲻Ҫ
־Ȼˣǻ
Ǻǣ㲻Ҫţɣ͵ΰɡ
ھ˵ţ˼־֣ǶԱ˵鷿ھ¶ǿҵ˵ԱǲҲŮˣûһȵ㡭
˵ţھɫǶ¼־ʥ塣
šš
־ɫռ壬ȻھԾḻޱȣʱļ־˷Ӧؽг
Ұѿӡ
ھ˵ţס־Ŀӣѡ
ҪأһǵһΡһûѡҪ
־
һ˵־ǸŮھӲŹ־ˣ־֣밡Ϊǵķ⡭
˵ţھ˼־Ŀӣ̣޳ѩ׵Ⱦչھǰ
벻ô뿴ĺ
ھЦ־ѩȣȻڿģü־Уھˬòˡ
ھܲ˼־ڿ㣬̣־һ˿ңھǰ
ھż־Σϡë۵Ǵ̼ھֿ־˫ȣСѨЦҵľҰˣһСѨ
˵ţھͷڼ־СѨŪ
Ҫ̫ˡˮˡôᡭ
־۾ţھ¾Ȼʼˮˡ
аʪˣŮ
ھ־ʪСѨЦŽ⿪Լ·Ϳӣ¶Լߣ¶ִļ͡
ʵķֿ־ĳȣ־֪ھʲôʱȴҲֻܹɪɪҵֿ
ҿûƭҡ
ھ˵ţ󼦰͵ծ־СѨڣմ˵ˮȻŽһ
ۡ
־̸оӷ·˺ѿһ㣬ĴŮھȥˡ
벻ĻǸŮ
ھȻŮˣǴŮѨȴǾɣʱյ˼־ɫŮĴŮѨȵĴŮСѨнھߣŪɫһ˷ܣǺܲ
־ھھʱѼ־ѹɳϣһŪϣһԼĲϣʶŮѪȾɳ־һδھĳҲǱŪôУһ㡭šҪҪҪȥˡš
־Ľ̶ܴϴ̼ھ鶯ͣż־СѨ־ŸոͱھյĲĿһδεضײҲü־ʹͿ֡


085 ѰؼǾ֮Ǳ־£
ʱںܿ˵ĴϢһˮ̵Ħھٵĳ壬־ѾǷĳˣ־Լеӵ˫ۣͷ಻סţӴš
ھһȥ͸оһּȵоʪһַĵ·ÿһⶼһֲÿһΰγһÿһβ·ÿһ綼ǾͷȴĲ룬־۵Ƥֻĸо˫ǡôھһζ
ھһĲϿٵĳͣ־ֻһѾܲסˣԽԽ˫ȶѾ뿪˴棬ʪļˮڴӼ־˽͵·ССĽѾھԲԲװ׵Ľֺ΢΢е
ˡܲˡ˰
־˫ѾסھȾ߲濪ţǰ鷿һԷۺСͷʱѾӲӲͬʱĽ۷ۺ졣
ھѹڼ־ϣ촽ȥǼ־ԲԲССĶż־زԼ͵ԣĲڼ־ƨɼ־ײĥšĲѾ˼־ľͷͷÿü־ֵ
ѽšš
־ӵĴкھĶ߸Ӵ̼ھļ飬޳һ˫ھϣСѾһ𣬽żϷƨѾ뿪ѩ׵Ĵϼˮޡ
ھ̧ӣָץż־һСţѼ־˫ֱԼڴϣһƽŵĽǶȴȵĳ壬ÿζıԵִĲȥ
ھͷż־ʷʹĹ۵Լڲϵĳ룬Ӽ־ʪ󡱺̡̡͡ˮԼγѾˮһƬëҲѾմһƬƬ־ˮ
ҡš
־ƽڴϣ˫ֱֱھͷ̻࣬¶ӭھϵĳ壬һһϵĴ̼ļ־ʱѾǻ֣Ĳһ˽һˡ
ǿҵĳײоü־·һУֻǲϵŤϸСͷţССıǼ߳һϸϸܵĺ飬ԲС°ͦţװϸϸĲɫѪԼɼǰһԷǰĲţһ˵ĽͲ
ˡҪˡ
־˫ֽ§סھĲӣ˫Ҳŵھ䣬װ׵ĳȼסھ
ھĳͻζţļⲻϵĳ鴤Ĺھ·һʪů⹿ھھسͣͬʱϵķ˷ܵҺ
־ϵĶ£ǰδеĸ߳ѾϮȫһҵĸоԴлǰһжģģֻﲻϵ˷ܴ̼;ȫصŲϵʹϢ־ӲھϲϵŤ촽۵ھϲţھ¾Ÿ߳˷ܡ
ھҲ§˷ܵĽŮڼ־Ľ¾ĳż־ʪĸоͷĸоϴ̼ھ˷ܵ񾭡
鲻ھֻ֪׷ǿҵĴ̼մﵽ侫߳ڼ־˫ȵĲƨɣʪϼײһճ̵ڶڼ־ʹϢиԵӷŵ
šˡ
־һҵĲ˫˫ŽĲھϣھӲһھֻڼ־ϻĶţûа취塣
ھϵĳ鴤ھһĽαǼ˿˿ģȵ촽ϵھ촽ʹϢͣھ߻ص
־§סھʱھϵ˷ܵĶͷϵھ֪Լֲ˶ˣھÿǲϵĳ侫ΪֹҪʼʱ򣬼־ǿҵĸ߳§סھٴ̼Լ
ͣµ˲䣬ھܸоԼ˼£Һӹͷھ˶Ųڼ־Ħż־߳вϳ鴤Ȼûг鶯Ǽ־ʪֹɵĲھͬоǿҵĴ̼
ҡš
־ϢھĶ˵
ھִӼ־ȥо־⻬ĺһ㺹ˮھ§ס־оż־鷿ǰоɵ־һ¡

־һų˫Ⱥƨ϶һ£ھڲͷܵĴ̼ھ£̵ľҺ

־оȺĳ֪ھ侫ˣһھţһŤԼ壬ھĦʹ̼ھо˷ܵζ
Ƭ̣ھиѹ˼־ϡ־ѽھϵ˫ȷԺھȾһССĽѾھСȡ
˽͵ĵطһ𣬼־ܸоȺĶ


086 ԲԲ
ڣھ־§ڻظ壬Цô𣿡
š
־ովһ߳սѹʱĻζ
ҵŮ˰ɡҸýɫñõһһУ𣿡
ھ
šõġ˼Ժ͸ˡ
־ٺһЦ
Ǻǣá
ھǺһЦ㡣
ǣھͰѰؼ÷ɫ
ѰؼǵԶ˳
ھйұǰԵŮԱҪ۰ͨУÿ˺ܶࡣ
֤̼һģŮǵˣݵŶλͬ
죬ھԻۿԳ򣬸Եߵ̨λԱͬȻܿؽӴ
ھλŮλǸʮ꣬ò㣬ϧ̫۵ĸо
һԾŮǵһٻ̳ԱͷвھͷǰǳȻһ㣬Ƚƽ̫ϴҶŮǵĶλ
һʮĴ裬ԳһӰߣְҵĳϴϰһţͿʼĭɵش˵˵ھǼ¶һֱ˵۵ϼô飬ھʵû˼˵βҪôԱȻѶӰ㣬ϰӢ䣬ߵӾܵҢ˴ƣʹھΪӵϷݵĳ嶯ǵԾϣھֳ嶯Ѿɢˣλıʺݸ磬̫ˣԵӾеô̫ʺϡװ磬ԱʱΧҪܸߣǡǡһ㡣
ھŮ˵һС˾ְԱͬ£ƯŮǣƽ Ǹ˵Ը⵱ȺԱġƯǸʵʵ̫ǳƽǸһΪŮߵŮǺܲ
λŮ뿪Ѿˣھ΢Щ꣬ԾôջȫѾŮҪôǲ裬ȻûһŮ簡
ھԸ̾ʱ򣬹ԱһµԾ˽
Ůͷĳֻ࣬˶һƬ֮һ֮ĵ¶װ¶Բ磬¼ĳе縡͹͸ĸ˿֣˶Ĳӿ֣¶޳źһֱۣȻȻĴϸˮһСϣһյ֫һÿŵĺɫƤλεƬ˵׵÷⡢ƯѣĿĴȣڴһ̵ٶ̵ĳȹ¶棬һиɿʣŵ״һ˫͸˿ЬĲЬ׻Բʮָͷϵޢ죬޵ָ͡
ŮƺЩţԵֶһЩˣʶԼȹӣͼԼסһ㣬û뵽һϰĶ¶˳һΰ۵Сƽ̹ûһ˿֬СڳھΤһԻ׻˱Ѫ
û취ȹӲʵ̫ˣѰȹϥ϶ʮֶѣѰڿ㳤٣һİȫĽڿɼô㶫Ȼڵڲ档
ҪŮ֪ʲôеȫ˵һۿͻ۳Ѫ޲ӶȥŮˣһ˼һΣĳ࣬Ϊʵ̫̫ˡ
ŮҲ׳Ϊ˵Ľ㣬ھǵĿͶϡ
ʲô֣
ھʵ
ԲԲ
ʲô
ھһæеϣֻдţԲԲ1979ش½
ѵδġԲԲھòϸԷ
ʱǸСԲԲŮѾ̧ͷ¶һԲ
ھ¶һ˿㵣ǰŮӲʮ˾ӣȻûھӡ죬۲תȻһ˵ķ顣
һھԼ侲˵½ģ
š
ھܲһ⡣
ԲԲȻԡ
ھԼ⴩ģǡ
ԲԲ⴩ġƽʱҴӲġ
ھΪʲô
ԲԲһԼĽ˵Ϊ֪ǰԾŮһܶ࣬Ưĸ
ھһ̣һͿܶ˵Ŀ𣿡
ԲԲǵģ֪ǶͨˣҵĴǲ̫עģ˵𣿡
Ŀ࣬ھһѡ
ھһЦܻ˵ϣݼĿڲһ㡣
ھ˵㵱Ըô
ǣ
ԲԲһ£㻳ҵݼ𣿡
ھһЦǵġ
ԲԲȻ֪ô˵ˡ
һˣ֪ҲһʲôǣֻǣҡҪǣҲ븶ۣ
ھ΢Ц
Աߵλ˲룬ϰǺãǱ򡭡
˵˯
ԲԲԥһ£ʵ
˵أԽ𣿡
ھ΢Ц
ҡҡ
ԲԲͷԥһ£˵ֻҪⲿϷҿԽܡ
Ҫ֪ԲԲǸεŮӣǰ̽ھȦҲһʱˣǱ򲢲İټǺھ˧ҲûɶԽܵģֻǸСԱڴĵӾݣݸǣҲν
šǺãɡ
ھһЦվסԲԲ־ߣ
λԱŶ˵ıӰĽʺް
Ůֱأ߰


087 ԲԲ죨ϣ
һ߼Ƶڵͳ׷
ʱھЦеؿһǰĸԲԲеˣԲԲһ޳ĺģѩźۣԲ޳ȣϸ⻬СȣԼഺˡ۷㡢ʵһ˫壬ϸỬıǣ
ǰȵʱ䳤˵㣬еԼ˰ɣλھ˿ֵ̱ûκεʿȣԲԲĹ˷ţϱֳһ̬վֱǰס˸ԲԲԲԲȥ̸ɡ˵ֱӰѸԲԲ׷湩ǲңĴ󴲿רΪһЩṩġ
һңھͽ⿪ԼƤ˳һ򼤶ֱͦͦĴô˸ԲԲߡ
ոѵԼϵţж̿ĸԲԲ۾شģƺǵһο˵ھܸоԲԲ顣
ԲԲѾ¶ھǰھ۹˫͸ڿеõĴ𰸣֪ڵ㿴ôɫɲ𣿡
ԲԲ̽ھļһ£Ȼʵǵ£㱣֤κ˵
ұ֤
ھ΢ЦȥڸԲԲĶһ£֪ˣǷǳ鷳ġ
ھͻϮøԲԲһ£ԲԲСڡľͺˡ
ھһĶԲԲӰӵԼԲԲ֪ȤİԼʪȵ˵ĲǶ˶괭
ھ˫ס˸ԲԲ鷿͸ʼСѾͷͷܿ˷Ӧ˵͹
ԲԲûɧȲˣھ˫֣˴ϵĳסԸСڿϸ˿΢΢һЦ⿪СᡣСڿʱ粼̤˳
ھԺŵŮƮĴŮ㣬ǰС椻ڵĻƻŮȻߺܰ΢΢ǹ֮£ԲԲСɵѩ׵ļʹԽԽˣ
ھٴԲԲסǦʰСͷֱǿɰ̼ͦȻ˽Լ·Ƕʵϡ
ھָĻŮļֱԿŻԲԲĶѨǽģҲѾȺҺˡ
ھļѾӲˣɹͷǰξҺŮӵϡԲԲͷʱܴķӦҲʼ伱٣һԲԲķӦھ֪زǳԲУǾͿʼֲõרͷ
ھһץԲԲһزͷͣʱֵָͷҲŪұͷͷһᱻסһͷ¿ٶĴ̼ʱҧţͷ˱һϵеĶСѾͷֽס˵ļ͡
ʱھԲԲ飬ȴſزʼ̽ڸԲԲŨëơ
˿̵ĸԲԲѾκεɬһ־ͷŵס˵ͣļ󰡣ԼһδԵļͣﲻ⡰ڣڣ

ھָҲʼԲԲ٣ɺãΪᣬĦٵոպãټ첻ͣ˱ͷԲԲˮйһ㣬ȻAƬݵĳôţıԲԲŪʪһƬҲһʼĽɴ
ﲻͣ˵ţมһ㡭Ǳߡมҿˡһ㡭졭ม
ȻӣСŮ˸߳ˡ
߳󣬸ԲԲˣ˲ûдʹ˷ŹʹСѾͷزСѨʼڶĽ
ھĸڸԲԲʵԲԲ԰ҡڽ𣿡
ԲԲȻǴŮڴ½翪ţûٺͰϵĽһ͵AƬ֪ڽôһ£ֻǻûʽˡɬͷ
ھĵԼӣϵڸԲԲϳ69ʽСѾͷϸļͣͶҪھҲԼڸԲԲ۵Сϣͷδ˵Ϲָû١
ԲԲϸھļͣȻ˵Ĺͷ̽СС˷õ
ھƷСѾͷɿڵСĿڽ
ԲԲȰھͺףٰС³ͣʱȥᴥĹͷܿ˵̲סʼ³ม˻ม

ԲԲԼɹĵ˵ޱԺģAƬŮŰСھĵסһŵһֻסŪһẬסһẬסĽŪ
ھ̲סʼˣȫͷԲԲĻѨ֭ô˵ͷһֱɵƷŮɰСѨ˱Ѩ֭Һһֱٴй
ھԼĿĴﵽԺʼˣӴվѸԲԲϵأСĵ˫ȷֿ̧ӣü׼ⴽ˵ԲԲŰһģ
ԲԲ֪ԼΪؼʱˣͷҧסԼ´һִ׵ӣھסԼļְͣǿѹͷڴŮڴԵӣǰƽ
Ͼֻʮ꣬ԲԲǳĽǳǳĽҺøղųʱĸ߳ѾʹҺ˵ļͽ롣
һһģھĽСѾͷڡ
ͻȻھеһ˿΢ĵ赲ǼѣʱµĸԲԲȴʱ˵һھֹֻͣ˽ʣ𣿡
ԲԲŵҡҡͷ˵ңɣ
ԲˣһģҲŪʹģ
ม֪ɣҡHҡ
ף
ھԾŮһξͻ˵⻰ûкʹ˼ҡҡͷͼǰǲ㱡Ĥ˳ĵִ
оʹʹ
ھСĵʡ
СûAƬݵôֲǡ찡
ԲԲͻȻ̧˵ȳһ£𣿡
ھذƣʹСˣԿ˿˿ѪСѾͷҲѪ˿
ԲԲ۾ͻȻʪˣԼĴŮ֮սˣǿŲԼϾԼǵõôġ
ɡ
֮󣬸ԲԲھ˵ͷ


088 ԲԲ죨£
ڡһھȾ޴ͷƿԲԲ۴꣬ԲԲ黨٣ŸԲԲѨšΣɲǼ䣬ȵľްѾĲڸԲԲˮ֭ѨУ

ԲԲһ۰׵ķδ䡢µ׶ţֱæ㺹졢㷢衢ţ
ˬšҡˡ
ԲԲ˫ץԼķ˫飬ϼѹ࣬ŮϵĻ䣬˿ܵ˺
㷢Ʈ㺹졢٣Ŷڳڼʵг׽ţԲԲѸ崿ŮɧޱرóʵมԲԲáϲܡĴáมáþûôˬԲԲıˡ
޵ĸԲԲˬˮСѨڲϵйմھŨŨëɧ˵Ľдھ̼˷ܿӦţᲨˡСѨŶŶСѨýСеҺѽ
̡ϳʱʹøԲԲø߿ۼշɺ죬ֻڷοֱ䣬ͣ׶ѸǱСѨŪھȻھԲԲƬһǡӣСҧȻĸ
崿˵ĸԲԲ캬ȻСѨȻھ˷ܵ㣬ŵھͦȻӭɧ˵СѨһ˫ħֲʼįĺݺݵŸԲԲǶ»ζŵĴ鷿
鷿ִַ󡭡ú桭
ھ̾߰š
ԲԲ۵СͷھӲͦԲԲ۷סӣ뿪ͣŤΣ̰ȡ֣泩ޱȣճĵı飬ͷɢ㺹ܡţáʹ졭ܡ㡭ҪԲԲˡܡܲˡܡˬԲԲҪйˡมมԲԲܡҲԲԲɡһйɡ
ԲԲ̣һɲǴӻйˮͬʱԲԲܵͷȾҺȪСѨ콵¶úСѨֻйطھϣ㺹졢ź˵͵͵
ھҲʮֿźˮĸԲԲգ˫ָ⻬ѩ׵壬ϵ۵ĽܵԲԲղŵĿҰ֪Ѿܾûйˣ²һϧøԲԲٿһΡ
ھһ˿ҵĸԲԲƽɺڴϣھڲɴΣԲԲ޳㡢͹ԸеǰźţСѨܴŵǣŨïʢë޵ȻʪѨ΢۵оƵҷֿƺڴ˵Ȼο塣
ھƵԲɡŸԲԲڴ˵ͽŪǿֵĲˣԺζԲԲſֱҡʱɧ˵ģȻƺ͵øӲҲӴˣҪȫԲԲӯԸе塣
ھգƵĽԲԲѹˬĵϣ˱Ǻ˵ͷָȼ䣬ŪŨܵëŽָԲԲСѨⶴڿŪšԲԲ΢ա΢š顢ѣมม
ھתӣԲԲγͷԣԲԲĴ֮䣬ʪСѨھ˱ͻСˣŪøԲԲ߳㡢ˮġϣܡܡԲԲҪҪˡҡˡš
ԲԲ˫ȲЮסھͷϸִŪǰȻĴŪʹȻͣԲԲ̰ſ޺ԸеС캬סȻƵƵ˱ţԲԲС׽׳Ŀڼʹھйһкǧĳ嶯
ھͻȻڸԲԲӣСȻһת˫Ŀɫ΢ա̵ĸԲԲָʺʪƬŹ͵ôִȻﶥסѨڣٰùͷĥѨͻˣƬ̺ԲԲֱޱȵ¶˳ܡٶԲԲˡáԲԲҪԲԲҪռҡ
ԲԲǣھο壬ھ⼫ˣȻ׼ԲԲʪ糺СѨһ̡ͦȫ룬ԲԲķ䣺á
ھ޵ĸԲԲռûˣԲԲһΪֵõʵĸоѨȻеýġھŪŸԲԲĴ鷿ߺسŸԲԲСѨԲԲ˷ܵ˫ֲھӯķβͣŤӭھĳ壬ѣȻ
ھ˸ԲԲ˽У˴󷢵ظֱͣѸԲԲѨĶд֫ٺ˵ͿǸԲԲδˣ˼㣬˫ƴھβѹԼĴƨƴͦˮʹ˫ǺΪһ壬԰Ļ䣬ԲԲʱͷھǴ׳ȻͽСѨѨƬȻĳ岻ͣķֱѸԲԲܵ١̺졣
ھ˱ǸԲԲʪȵӣС죬ﵽ㣬֫ǡܺϣ˫˫罺԰ھ˷ܵĴϢԲԲټ󷿼໥䡣
ˬܡԲԲᱻĴ󡭡ԲԲˡԲԲϲıŶԲԲ桭㰮ôô桭ԲԲҪ㡭ˬԲԲҪ
ԲԲͷɧ飬̼ھ˵ҰԣݺݳţԲԲ˿ѡ㺹ܣ߽ţȻĴ̼̫ˬˡðı
ھԲԲҰèдĳͣȪԱ߳˸ԲԲ޹˼ɵġŶӴ⣬Ȼ͵ġ̡ԲԲˬƵƵŤڷھĳ壬ƴ̧߷ԱСѨȻ׺ϵøС
áԲԲ߳ˡҪҪˡ
ھ԰֮񣬰ѸԲԲʤ䣺ܡѽˡ
ٿȻԲԲ˫ֽץסھ䣬ͷһСѨȻסھĹͷһˮֱй̵ھĹͷ͸ĵ飬ֱ̣Ȼ˼£ʱȺľҺ䣬עԲԲǱܼСѨ


089 Ԭӽǣϣ
ھ˯֮󣬸ԲԲȻҲֻ˳ھŮˣҵõӯɫ
ڶ磬ھӵһ绰
ι𣿡
绰ͷһ˵Ľεε
˭ô֪ҵĵ绰
ھһ¡
Ԭӽǰ桭
Ů˵
ھһ£Ԭӽǣδھ£Լʲô飿
ϰ壬˼㰡뽻һ£ɲ԰
ԬӽúԵ˵
ţ
ھһ£ʱˣԬӽǣٺ٣ҪԼǱ򣬵ºٺһЦ˵ðɣҵİ칫ҡ
һߣԬӽǹҶϵ绰һЦе⡣
ȦвŮ˶ΪھŮˣȦúܣԬӽŮȦҲģҲϣһõ˿ʱҪھһڣĴ
ʱԬӽһԸеȹһ߽ھİ칫ңԬӽֻһԼȻ˵Ĵ§סᷢһĽ˽ʵĿʵĻ
ôԸиʲôҷԬӽĻ̲סЦھҲЦһʱ֮䣬Цܿʹ˷ĸ䡣
·Ըأ
Ѿ黨šһԬӽǽӯھĽ˶γĶԱȡŮ˽ᵽ˼㣬ǿ׳Ҳ˼㡣
ʱǼȥԸޱȵĽȹͳһܴϰھԼƾȻѼȥH鷳ھ̲סһ䡣
ϰ壬˵ֻ
ԬӽǾ촽ϸϸ
ں档
ԬӽǴϢɫˡֻһ漴ǰڣȴھȥֱȹͬѱһ㣬ϰˡ
ԬӽǺǺЦֻĶȹӣؿһȡĸʾھĴ֮СԬӽǵٴһĲ
ھֺϧ۵ġƺҪ⾧Ө͸ֻСȫ죡
ԬӽǵĶһһ̧˫ۣͦεĺ޹˼ɵ̽ھǰאּ˫ƺ뿪Ԭӽ͵͵˿ּӿһ㶯ѵ,ǽ۵͸оһȵϢһɵͷסһ㽿ʹ
Ԭӽֹͣ˶ϢһҲҶһӿȵĿȻСӿ

Ԭӽһؼŷ·˶޺Ȼӿ֮ģҲ޷Ƶʹͷ
ԬӽǳȹѾʲôûˣھֻʵСü˺һȻ§Ԭӽһθֽܵ޼ĽӴֻһصĽӴҲûʲôңѾһȻ͸оһ޴Ѿ谭̽Լ۵ڣе㼱͵ζ
ҪһҺ£
ȹ߰ıƲһߡھҲѸٵİԼ¿㡭
ԬӽǽסھĲӣ΢΢̧һ롣
˵˲㣡
ھĴְѹԬӽǻԲСƨƨʹǰһ§ԬӽǾһϵ¶ھһǸһ˫޳ĴȻȻھ䣬ŻҲֹ˵Ľھһ³ԬӽǸַܵһ룬˶Ǳȥ˹ͷһ㣬һ̱ȥԴһƬհף޾ĿһĶɲˡ
š
Ԭӽǵü΢Ḷ̌оǻȵıһֵַԼʥأŶһõƺѹֵĽͬʱھƼüŮ֪ŮûͶйԼŮʹġס糱Уϧһ£ԶԸ̫ʹ§һֻ§һ̵ָֻͦСƨƨϣѹԼĻ촽ĵϣ´İ.ţķʽʹ
ھʪɢԬӽǵĽţʹҲƺѾţڸоǻȵĳʵǾ̲סŤһСƨƨ͸еһ泩ĿУҪǿһЩǾŤԼСƨƨʵĿ̲סһ


090 Ԭӽǣ£
ھԬӽǵüѾչ죬۲˿ǽתھ񼤵оѾӦˣҲ˶ŮĺҲͷѹֵĽĽǣҲھȼյļ飬ĶҲļӿˡ
ʱھԬӽǵȣʹ˫ȷֿԼʣ§۵Լķ򲻶𶯣ʹһһε˽Ԭӽ⣬ӿ֭ȣߺʱ¹µ۴쳣һʱҺֳɢ飬˿
ôô
ھǸ˷ܣ˫ֹסԬӽǵϸԲΣǰںڵľްѩ׵Ѩ֣ÿһͶԬӽǵ꽿ǰṣ̡̌춯˴صĴϢһʱĿɫ߳ޡ
ԬӽɧʮĿţ崿緶ڣھٴʶŴ󼦰ͺݺݵĳ塣ոո߳Ԭӽٴ˫üม׸簡ɷ򰡡ˬĻҡҪˡ
ԬӽǻʵǾú̫˷ˣոո߳ȻھٵĳһεĻɢһŨȵˮСѨСѨˮȻŴִӲļͣʹھƲסţ
ھΪ˳ռԬӽǷģס侫ĳ嶯ԬӽǱת壬Ҫ˫ֳų̨ŬΣ
Ԭӽǽĵİһھȴ˳ĸ߸״ɰ㷢˶ԲĴΣϸС⹵¶ţѨʪܵˮʹžӨ⣬ͷһƳ˵˫״ھ㡢
ھվı˫ḧķΣĴƨɰ
ѽ
һԬӽַų̨üһ壬ԭھ˫ִķƨϣ°һͦӤֱۻҪֵκһٲԸеѨ
ھ˸ѩװ׵ϣײسŴ󼦰ͣǰԬӽǻζѵ˶鷿ָϸۡķƨɣھǰ̡ͦ
Ťӭϣ޵Ԭӽ˷ܵ֫ٺ¶ѣʹ鼤ˮֱð󼦰ڷκ涥ԬӽǵѨ飬͸޺ӣСƵƵ겻ѵḶ̣̌
ĲѨ罺ĽʵĹŮ
มˬˡѨס׸硭ɷ򡭡ӽǱúӴม
ޱȼٽţ
ܲ͵ļ͡ˡˬ졭ӽҪˡ
Ĵ£ںԼǷ񴫵⣬⻬ѩ׵ǰڣһĺ顣
ھʱһĳɾ͸УٺһЦŸ˱Ԭӽǵѩ׷ۼգ
˫ƵƵԬӽǹ⻬࣬Ūɦѡӽǣ𡭡𡭡
Ԭӽӵ˵šӽҪ
ӽǡҵġҪԶѨҪԶռΪֻҲſԸɵӽġҲúðġม
ԬӽԣߺıסۣھƵŤᣡ㡢㻹ˡӽǲŲ㡢㻵
̫ˣӽǣˣ
ššš
ӽǣˬĸоĺˬӽǵСɧˣҪһӶԸӽǵɧ£ӽǣϲ𣿡
ھͦԼԬӽǵѨֻһɹɵĦĿУԬӽǵѨ֮дŪϿޱȣھɵ˷ܵץԬӽǵ鷿ţ̲סͷǺ˫һǣ漴ǾµĶ૵
ԬӽǵıھˣھǴִļľָ˴ԬӽǿʼĿÿһᵽɵԬӽҲ᲻ھˡ
ھزٸԬӽǵСɧѨĸСʱĸСʱʱ䣬Ԭӽǻлֻ֪֪ⱲӶûôˬĿУ·궼Ҫˣǿ׳С˻ڲͣҪţֱһ޵п̽һ㣡

Ԭӽǲ㱻ɻȥüζڻԵͦˣʵڲԸԶʧôĸо
̡̻
ھĶԽԽ죬һԬӽǾһθ߳ھе˷ܣһֱڲסص͵͵ؽ߳ȫ㺹ԬӽǡһŮ˵ԺԬӽͷƵں㷢Ҳķϻһ˿˿˵Ĵ⣬κ𣬸߳Եøˣ
ԬӽǾϵһжֹˣֻ֮һ˷ܼ̼ĸоСϪһֱϵشУҲĸ߷塭



091 
ʱ칫ڣھЦ§ųԬӽǣ㣬Ů˵ȷζ̫ˡ
ܽھ𣿡
ԬӽǶ˵ھ˵
šãԺҵŮ˰ɣ𣿡
ھ΢Ц
ã˼ҾŮˡ
Ԭӽ
ǺǣܺðԺһһ𡭡
ھЦ
Ȼھ˳ԬӽǣѰؼǸŮġ
̨С
ʱһ䲻ĹԢһԸĻŮڿһݱֽ
ŮԿϾĻһͷ㷢ټޱȶ˵Ľòֱ˵ˣֽ٣
19751029ճ̨壬10ʱȥɼõݴѧúѧ˫ѧλص̨壬ĸס1994ײӾ硶桷ݱһǡ1996ݵӾ硶ϲֻᡷĽһǣͬݵӾ硶ʹԵ㡷˵ȦҲǸСԱ
ٶЩ鲢㣡ΪϼĴǣȦҲЩͷȻ֪ȦνǱ
Լòģ˯ǾԿԳɹλ
οԼ棬ɻɾ!ûٻһ˾ĴŮⲻΪ֣ΪٲϲˣԲû
ڣٻعˣܹóΪŮǵʵҪΪһŮǣͱһǿĿɽ
Ȧ˭һһɽأٺܿҵ˴𰸡
ֻֽϣǱӹ˾TVBѰؼѡǵϢھѰؼǵƸԱǿͷ棡
Ȼ֪TVBĻϰ˭
׸Ѷֹ˾ϰ壬ھ̶һʹһһĲСӳΪ缶Ĵ࣬¼˵ģ
˲ˣԣԼòĶ˵ǶģҲֻھ׸Լ
ǣپǰȥۡ
һԺŷɻ̨˳ۡ
ھۣѡǽԺȥ½㡣
ʱ䣬ھҲ÷װ˾׼غʱڵķװԱѵغʱڵǣ˵Ҫúý׼
һ磬ھų뿪˾׼ȥưɺúúһ˳㿴ûкõŮԵ
˭֪ŸտһתЩһŮ֨һͣ
ھĿû۾
Բ𣬶ԲҲǹġ
ǸŮӼæǸ
ȻھסˣǰŮ˲Ķ
ò·еģŵĴ󲨣κͳȣֱǸԵŮŮˣھ˲е죡
찡ѵŮô
Ů٣εҲڹ˾ſڵСʱĽ
С㣬û¶ɡ
ھϽǰס˵
û¶Բײĳӡ
ٺܲ˼˵
ھǺһЦ˵ӦҸǸŶԣĶҵǸˣûɣ
ȻûС
һЦ˵û¶ģ˺ܺð
ھ⻰ܸˣ˵ллСĿ佱ˣʲô֣
΢Цҽ٣ˣϳˣѶ˾ϰھɣ
ھȻδ۵ԸŮ٣̫ˣ漴Ҳ뵽ˣεŮ˰źõģɶϵֻҪŮͺˣ
ھ۾óһƬ٣˵ûѶ˾ϰ壬ǹ˾ǴҵģҾܺãԽȦչ
۾һùƬ˵ҿԳΪǣ
˵ܸˣ뿴ھԼȷʵȤ
ھٺһЦ˵С㣬ȷʵΪǣҪʱ䣡ΪҪаװ죡֪СԸԸһ׬һأ۱ң
һһ۱ңһ˵һô׬
ȴˣھҪʲô
ھһЦ§ס٣˵һؼңڸ㣬𣿡
һ죬аϲɲС˼һǵһΡһҪ̫ˡ
ǺãҸ򣡺𣿸һؼҸ򣡡
ھʱ§ס٣ܵ͹µĺϵ㣬ʱԳʲô˲ˡ
򣿡
ٰ࣬Ҫ֪ʱʮĩǴ˯δˣǮ
ãǻؼҰɣ
ٺˬشӦˣ
ھϲͿԼˣ



092 ս٣ϣ
ھֱӰٴ˱һЦ˵٣ˡ
˵ţھһѱס٣סĺ촽ھдŻȵĿǣ컹ȹֽ۵壬Ů˲䵲סˣ
ٵ߷鷿ĥĴ̼£ѾͦСűڸʺšйǸйģƮȻɵĸо忪ʼġ
ֵ顢ĥٶӦǵһΣȴǰˡ
ͦ·¸ԵȣѶϢھϲֺߵسδ˵İ
ááټָоȥҲ˳ھԼչ˵塣
ߴߴţڼ´֪رƵֱۣӿʼ֣ǸӣҰСĺӣһӳĿУǰ͹࣬Щͺ͹ĴƵһֱھơ
壬ͦ˫壬ۺӤͷѩ׵βµļھȵĴֱٵתѽתǷ34CϣھزϵĸǼͦ˫飬ִĵܵܣֱͦͦվָͷһֱٵӣңػôһ£ٵϸСͬԾʵؼһиǿϣǸ־ϵģǿˣҲԸжˡŽԸѽԽԽϲԽԽ˷ܡ
Իھ۽ΰʱǼ˿ȹѾھ˫ϸʱ͵۵ס˵˫飬ұ߷ۺӤͷϣزͣĻȦȦšһ԰۵Ĵӿɾȫûڣһһغǰ˶ھԶҲʶȤæǽҺ˹ɵؿŪٵ鷿ķŵȥӭ˽ϷˣأٻҪʾԼְ
˫ǰھͷԼһؾصŮˣһȴ鷿˱ٵӣţٵһӸɣһɵٵ֫СĿʹٵ˫ͣ󷴵§ͷƮظоС
ĸоѽ
鼤еŮܶදΪʶġ֪ھ˶ѾӵŵڿĿĴɳˣٸоԼĴȴȵİʵԣʧȥܵģپûȥ赲һĸ
ȹȹֱϷظоԼ΢ʪСǿ϶תССذĦٵ˽֮أʱʳָ˳Ű¹ţʪ޷ӹش
ص㲿λֱӴʵʵΪҪġǿʼ룬屾ܷӦʼһеʱôٻѨڴĦѹٵʾضת
ȱĸˣھİ淢ֱ󵨣ضٳʪ֮ĿۻССԸ͸ڿѾԵʪˣٵȻһҲ֪ٵѨѨѾʪˡСѨҲſˡ
ʪЩ˼ָоʵǺܺáϲĽޣ
˵ϲĽǶٲдЩǣȨԼ⣬ھ񡢻˵Լ弸ӣȻȥֹЩ
ھϵظ޵С㰮ٵѨӣٵ˫ʱſʱ΢΢£ڱҲϵطšŶ
ʶָʱ˳ҡڵ˫ȣԼż̧ΣǿŲŲ쵽Ƭ۴
ϵؿࡢշѹٵѨԽԽʪѨ¶ԽԽߣھָҲԽԽ棬ԽԽֻСѨʱӦ˵ǡաѨһŰҺһ濪ʼ䶯
ḧߵ鷿ɫ˿ڿĴУŪ˽ܵĽء
ھ̰ŪŮζ壬Ǵ㡢ĵļʱ𣬽˫ַ˿ڿԣڿŴȡС¡
ʱϷŨڵķݣƬʺ۴ǱѨɢŮζȻһŮˣΪûĹϵɣСѨʮֽխͳʵԵģھָزŪָᲦٵ۴꣬ȻͷͣŪ黨٣
ѾʼҪܲ𣬼æ˼Һࡣ˼Һѹร
ٲŸ˵꣬ھжظ˵Ļ촽Ѿʪ͸׿棬ĶͨͨؿԼ˽Ѿȫ¶ֱŤԼӡ
ԭֱСȤڿ͵oԶѣڴзȫû谭ӾϿðµõջЧ촽ôһǼպö黨٣ٵ񾭸ţӽţҪԼСѨѨҪԼСˡ
ɳڵļʹԼƯɳϣھϸϸٹĹǣֻʪȵͷ۴ܲϵعţһ˳ŷһŷݹεģֱֱǣ˽ܵϸƬ۴ܵǣѪͣԼܵڵķҲӡ
ھÿ⹵ĹѽģѨЩѪͣѨȻȻȥġ
һޱȵĸоֵĻھѻ£ضסѵȥԼĹȾһֳ鶯ıˣǱĿת֮£ԭѴȪĹȵУǴʱˬ͸飬һйǧٲΪԼ
˼ڸ߶ȵ֮УϲƮĸй֮֡ھǶʮˣʵоб£ŮԵ֫ԣʮͷĴŮĶ֣һһھԺȷؽֵ۷壬Ȼٻδ䣬ȴѾŮ˴ﵽĵһεĸ߳
ԼԷӦȻĸ߳Ҫˣ޷ֹεӭϣܵýסԼĺšټæݽҧס´ǧܳԼܵģꡣ
ھһֱеԸдһǿҵĵײĵ׶˵ԽԽٱ˫Լ˼ȥѰԼļ֣šŶ
˫ۣõһСȫûھѾĵȥԼ·ӣٵ˫ȼ䣬ԭ˱ѾƵĿ꣬ҲԭӳɳԴȪѽġ
֮ٱܾſ˫ۣٿھֲϷ¿ȥֻ˶׳СܵܣֱȷشԼ׶ʪŻ
ǿǸٵĸԣδɹ˴͵Ľֻĸܷɵ£뵽ٿʼţʼڣעǸ췺ڵĹ״ͷϡ
ѽͣͣǲԡԡֱӵģûзǺΣյġӵѽ
ֱھĹͷڿҪԼʪСѨʱֹ
Ƭ۴걥͵غӰСڣⴽﱻź˫صھţȻʣŵظ漴Ӧ٣ҡӦ㣬һġҺоѽһҲãǼӵĶںҲãŶҮúมоúõϣŶ
˵˵žٵ̶ָɿʵ촽
ͷϵعҺˮ齻ڣٵĻѾɥʧֻ뵽Ǹ˶׳ĶҪԼԨҪԼݵءٵģĴţнĹ
ھ۹ŵĶ³Լۺ淵İˣҪԼˡ
ϵߵҪ£٣ҪԼЩ棬˼ҵδίǰЩ档
ٴγ
Ҫ
Ť˵
ٱ˵ţھҲš
ȻŮѨеζ룬ٿʼ΢΢šţǿҵġ⡱ëëˬĴ̼ѨĳʵУȫ泩֡رǵھġСխĴŮڣֵԵڡعסӲִ̡ġʱ欵ĴŮٸ类޹ǵѩѣѩź۽ֱؽţа־Ƶؽץɳϵĵӡ
ʹɰطһתĽ͵һźα鲼ü΢塢աҧСʮСĿɰֺŵرֱɳϡٷƶˣƮƮɾھҲĳĴŮǿҵ巴ӦŪ͵һҧ§ס֯ϸһᣬݺݵǰһͦþȫز˹
ƺˡ߲꣡һظо˶ʮĴŮĤһѿˣھʮִִʵСֵܴӹͷвѺݺݲۼнѨУޱȽխССѨʱͱͱֱǴδ˿ɵĻ
һ˿ĿĵѪٵѨﻺ
ٵĽŴŮĤѶһȫ˫ְɳһ𣬷Ըжк촽΢΢ſƴҧסԼһسĵüһʹƴĿһ¾Ͳ˳вʱһƵĺ޳צһļסھʹ
ʹ֪꣬ԼѾԶʧȥ˴Ů֮
Щʹǿҵٴ̼ٽŵĲҡͷĳƮڣһж̫ˣЩʹü΢壬ҧκ죬ߺƻ֪ԼѾǴŮˣѨͻȻ˺һ㣬о·һľ׮شԼĴѨ档ŲҾ徵Ľ۷ףʹ˹ȥ
ʱھһг˱̬УȸԾ֣Žг嶯ϸѾԼռеıδޣ֮Ľ̬
ھԽԽ˷ܣ̲סŻιȥ˵ۣýû뵽ôȻŴ֮СѨȻôʵ̫ˣӽ쿪ʼרҵŮˣ
ţھʹǰһͦٴδ֨һִֻѾȫʪխѨھǴִǰ׺ĹͷѪֱײٵӹȥ

һҵİھĿ´Ů٣ҵʹΣҲҵʹѡ
˰
ھ˷ܵʵ
ʹʹҪ԰
°ҵʹоٳѩ׽ٴε㺹죬ٷҡͷں㷢ҷţһŸ߹޵İ¶ʹı飬ʼؿš
ģһһ¾Ͳôʹˡ
ھЦ˵
Ҫ㡭һ
ڱھֱִ룬ʹͷſ˺촽С췢ʹεİ
٣ʮûԼѨǴ٣ȴھضȥˡ
ʱھֽխѨȫסԼִҸоůʪ󣬽۶ѨڣԼִֻ
ǰٱĽŮǱ˵δޣҪĸ߹ŮοŮھ棬ʵʵڵؽռΪˣ
һ뵽ھϲõЦ˳ִͬʱʼٵѨˡ
ʹرţ㡭ŹҰɡ㡭
ںˣΪ̫ˣ
ٳĽʹŤţķρ㺹γɵСˮ飬ݏˮܽذʹ˷ܵı飬ߵĽǰһĻ
ģȻԾɸеЩʹʼǵУȻеԼĶҪһ㣬ض˵ĵԡĻˮޱȵԣҿʼؽھޱȴִȵСֵӭ˴ŮѨ
ھоϸ΢ת䣬̲סһЦһüҸֳ飬ͻȻͦµļٴٵӹݺݵһ壬ֱӶѨֱδ˴ĻģСֵʵ̫ˣмֻ档
ٱ֭ⴽסСֵܵÿһ֣ÿһ綼ۻںͻʪ妵ճĤغסȻİĽСѨڡ
Ҫʹ
ȻٽѨǿھִҵؼ޾ʹУʹٴηذš
ھǰԼ۳ҼԦ٣пϲ֣һλ߹ԸеòŮǣѱȫ㺹ˣǰ㻬ĽѱˮմȾˣһ˫ͦĽ飬ھִĳ֮²ͣؼҡţһھִֻٵѨġ֨֨죬ԼٿధǰһУھΪ˷ܣþȫȥٵĽ
ٿ֧ŵһ˿ǣʱɢĻͿУʹ𽥵˺Ѵʹ࣬ھԼ֮£ѿˡ
ĹжʱһͦҪ׷ѰͷƵģһˮʱ˳ȴھ׼Ŀز룬ˮһƻĹȣػеķģζٲ
˵ھֱֱĳ壬ֻʱ£ȫûʲôֻڵĿӿҲ޷ƣһĹŪζȴвͬͺԼǷ˵ĺѰ峹ϴһذ㣬ֻÿһ±ʱĿ֣ǿҵö࣬һʱжˡ
Ǻãӹѽóʵѽ
ٱھһֱټѨڳʵͣˬرһ£¶һҲС
ٵ˫ֽץɳ棬˫ѲؿʼʶŶ˵ھ˸£ȻԶ̧ϡ
ھ޳̧ϼнھĲھھؽĹĹҶȴֹⲻ룬üͷȴֲ˼ڡ
ھ⳹µĴŮصҪ
š
ڹһһȣˡ
Ҫʲô
㡭֪
Լ˭ˡ
˵
ҪġǸ
ĸ
ۡ
ټѵھǰ˵
Ҳף˭Ƕѽ
ѽ㡭㡭ˡ
˵ˡ
ھҪ뿪ӡ
˼ҡ˵ǡĴ󼦡͡
˵ߵýĿϸȴͣŤš
ھͷٵѨȴ롣һ潫ͷתĦѨǳһٵ衣
Ҫ˵

ǿҪʹ
˵
šš
Ϊرͷɳͷ
˵Ҫҵ
Ҫ
ٴɳ﷢ϸŵĻ
㣡
Ҫ
ôϰ㣡
Ҫ
޿̣ͷµ
ھЦ͵ؽһ嵽ףٰ̼ųɡϡͣ춯صһС
ھ٣סķΣһһµʪѨƵƵ壬ͷԿУ˲ͣοҲŽ࣬ùĹһӭһͣķǳղܡϢĴˮѾңʼ˳ŴȥҲ˫е㷢΢΢㱧һ߳ͣһ߳˯ȥ
˯һףÿսϰѹ⣬ȥѰѴŵüһΣ̧ŹĹӭˡ
ھ˳ѹϣپȻùͷѨǰһͦ׾ٱٰСڴϻ§ƽһţֻ⣬
ھһ߳壬һߵͷٽӵ˻棬ֻԼһԺδεƬС۴м룬һһĴˮ۸÷ɽɢѵѨڵƤҲر𳤣ĳͶϵһһСӰеĴдͷ
ĹڳѪͨ죬С۴ӲӲع¶ĥĿиǿң黨ŵƤ۴곶ĥԽԽǣԽԽӲСָͷףǰֱͦæòɿ
ھ𣬸ɴ̧ٵ˫ȣϼ粲Բø룬øˬ졣ٿҲϬַ䴦Ѵǰͦøߣøۡ
Ȼÿһ³ĴѹøͣСΰ壬һ˰ͣһ˱θߣĸߵӭͣ޷졣
һʱ䣬˯ײġžдˮۡ֨֨󡱵İ࣬塢ɫޱߡ
ٶԼСֿͣ˯ıϵĴԼھ񽻺ϵҵĳ棬ڿǽϵŮһģһ鼤ĴȻĬҵСסϹŪҵСˡҵСѨˡҪˡҪššš
˵ű˫۽գҧأȵŵñֱ§ڲϰڶ㺹ˮͬʱ硣
ֻһͷҵѽԭôȥܣǿҵĸ߳ĳ죬ʮڵõ˳׵Ĵѡ߳Ϻȫ̱һöҲٶ



093 ս٣£
ھ̨ԸŮٸԼHãȻݣɵøʮ㣬һһ¶ͷֻûܰغҲһ𼷽Ի궴ܲͣظŴ׮һĶСܾܵζȤϣһһ۳岻ͣûûˡ룺ٿǸƷŮ̫ˬˡ
ǰδĸ߳Ϯòȥٳһֿ籩ľͲ壬м֮ΨһģֻܲͣѴˮй⣬ļر
ԼҲĪôഺˮۣʲ꣬˾ͺһˮ۵ĻѲƷԴԴϵڡεµŵëǴʢԽľҺմ۴õģھҺûôˮ۸ʪ͸šҲŤˮ
ھ˿̰⣬¼ٵһֻţһֻԾɼڲϣٰŲɲԵƣ˫ϥڴ棬һͦߣȳųһĹȱߴš
ˮƬС۴ķ룬㱻ü͸˿֩Ѩϡ
ھһְżϵĴȣһŷ̵⡱˿֪䣬رǿ׷֮ÿһ³Ͷޱžž죬ÿһ¶붴Ѩֱͷ
ǿײŪǰҡڣһ鷿Ҳŵͣھֹȥһץһ¼йذŪһˮ㣬ѡ˫ڴץѴҲ˺ˣָͦñֱ衣
䣬ֻһߴŴһߴ£ѽҵĸΡѧĺʽǧҪͣˬѽ˺ˡ
δ䣬񴥵ǿҵزƤϷ£һɴˮ۾ͷ͵سȥ
Ծ߳һ˽һ˵زͣͺںһʯͷСѨΪĵ㣬ⲻϵɢȥ˾Ⲩ˳и͸û
ھ˵ķӦ֪ٴεϸ߳Ķ壬ɵÿӱޣֱӲѨɿشͣһֱϵس͵ֱͷӲ顢Ⱥѹ޿̵ذѹľҺһβȫѨ
ĸ߳оѨüͻȻһһͦӹͷӹһȵҺмӱǰ鷿Ĵ׳ָҲζס֪ͬʱҲŸ߳ȤԼžҺ˫ֱĽӰѾڵľҺޱȫԼĹĹ
һƬ˵Ů˫ӵ§룬νھȻѹϣĹȣۿʪůСһһᡣ
첻ͣǣһ⻥ö³ܳһ塣ֱо⽥ȥ֮㼵ƣ롣
ٻǰɷ˵ĻУطݣĵѹ̫õŮޱѳ׵رˣҲ׵ؾˡ
ĸ֮߳ие±ССḧԼһǲӣһһֵβܲ˵ôһֻС־쵽Ĵȼеش֮УҲˬŤ֫һ£û뵽µĴ󴲾Ȼ뷨һƵӵϸβҡǼʡ
ټھһֱѹ棬¼л׳ѸֻһȫУ˵е鷿ǵشѹţôԻһʤü˫ֵĸܹ˵ܣٸޱȣޡޡ
ϡ
ԭھŽڳԼµľ٣ĳȲѣۼԷڶι
ھΪ˽ʡ˺Ȥ׷ڵ԰󴲵ĵ綯ťѡˡԶӦŷ˸ղٸоС벨
սĵ٣ѹ
ھҪֵʱȫˡߵýҲҪؼˡһСŸոտʼʲô
ھɫԵҪ
ٲһȻﻹ졭
ϴɾ˲ųɡ
ٺߵҪ
ھô˵ˣټǰڳĺҺҺʹˮ۶ˣ˫˫߽ԡ׼ϴһټ˵Ĵˮ۰ѷݸӲӲһ飬࣬˰ɫķĩɳɳ䵽ذϡ
ھԡ׵ˮˣˮһӣ˳ԼҲſȥԡһţһʱֻˮĽڲзȥһϷˮԧ죬ټԡƣˮԶת˺ŮȤ
Ϸ˺һᣬվĥһЩĭȥָǰۣϸĵذѰƤ͹ͷϴһ֮£̧ͷֳִвӲ
в
ľһڣǰƷħǴһֱ࣬šָһ£ֱĿ£ͷҲԲƤϵѪ͹¡ɫС֦Χ
ﰵ̾ǰʳֻѨûͣǰһϼƷֲøղŸŪ߳𣬳졣̲ס׼£ҲԸſ޲һڰ̽ȥɷūū
˼£ͷһѻ𽥽ȥԾĹٴκæһɣߣ˫ǣӲ۴ֱĥ
ھɧ̬֪ĿѴﵽԺеúϷˡȻ⼸Ҳٸǣ󲿷ݶԶ۵ϷӦµܣҲȲǰŮֵ֮껪ֻǴŮľֱǱ֮
СܵҲһѻ𣬾ǡеɣɰײɣԼҲҪͷѴѨڣ˳̹һͦٺϵһˣ˫ֱĲӣɿس
һʱССԡɫޱߣھͣˮɽѵذҲŪʪˮһ治Ӿȥһһ˵ĵʽֻڲ˶ʸͣǿһеʽȳŸױڣһһ磻һֱӺ룬ŲӾһֻֻʱǰȥӣHˣαӾԼ£Ůϣ׶ּΡ
Ҳ벻ԼȻͷһھͱôƽʱϰʱȫˣ˰벻ԡҲ۶ʽоڴͬӴ̼ʣǴӽδйģСҲͦѽ
ֻﲨӿ𽵹˶ܵĿִ˲ƣھһʱH𣬼Сԡʼղܴչȭţٰǰ˯ȥͬʱҲ뿴԰ЧΡ
ڴϺ󣬴԰ĵ綯ťѡ˸ϺƳ򣬱׽ٵ˫ŰأȻ˫ſθպøڴߣԼվڵϣǡǡ͹Ĺͬһ߶ȣǰһ׾ٵȫͱ˽ȥ˫ַϥǣһǰһͦ
ʽȽʡƵȻ죬øݣټ԰ҡΡǰƣһײͳҲһһ鷿Ҳˮǰ
ٽŵڿԺ赲չǰѨƤϳ龰Ȼһˮ۱Ƶ׳ɫζȫпĻңǵÿҪըԾԽԽ٣ýӲɵ˾ȫм弸¶ùͷӹΪֹһֳ棬ֱйͷش󶯣֪Ϳֲ֧ס
ٸϵĳŪҲһһĸ߳ϮȫСѨĿţԽԽǿ߲ͣԾȫҲ鴤Ѻ˻ʣֻǿ
һ֣޾ĸ߳һδƽһӦӲϾֻһһݣһ֦߶ë档ȫһ£ȻͻȻɣɴˮ۴ӹͳűƴͣѨҲһһнiһһţһСڲ˱ਡ
ھͣһ£סأֱһɣ˿ϢĻᡣ˿ھͣסʼд̼ھӾ͸㡣һھżһ˸̧ͷȴھȥپͷŴ̵ø߸ߵġ
ھĴٴΰ̴ӿĿپ߳ܵ˼ڸ㵽˼ĺĴŮޱȳɾ͸ʹھ׳ӲˬޱȣϣޱˬҪͣ
ھһһЦұδ
Ĵޣ
Ϲ
šϹϹҵϹҡҡϹ
տʼǻҪ𣿡
տʼʱ˼һ֪ô˼֪ˡ
ھˬˣӸɧ
õġңңҡԺ㣡
áҾϲ˵ţҵԹߣҷй
õģޡֻҪҪҾ͸㣡ú÷йHңޣ㡭ҵĵܵϹҪˣ
ھСʱĳ̣ǿ֮ĩһ񣬷Ͳѱɵú׵ѨٸǱɵ˻ߵشУϹңҶҶӸҰӣ
õģҾҪӸH㣡ޣޣ
ھĿ׼ӭӸ߳٣СѨôһһɰĦţҪֻȫë״ţСڽѹżһɽһɵľҺɼһֱȫͽһһĹĹѨˬѸ߳Ѩֱ帹ֺ̼סΡ
ھʮ²ŷй꣬ҲھֶȵľҺһ߳󱻴̼̱ſڴϣھȻŹκŮĻᣬûſıϣ˫쵽סǰѹ˫飬ȴȻٵѨУѹ٣˵ͬʱͷȥµŮһ𡭡áֻʱ̫ܵ졭Զһ𡭡롭
پȻжһںסھȻӲСܵܣľҺøɸɾھˬ˼㡭һŮѽȻˣһѰؼϷݺصĽɫţ



094 ΰñӣϣ
ڶ죬ھص˾֮󣬸պBOSS
ھк
Ǻã
ھܲõλϣʵ߹˾ѶûǩԼʲôµŮԱǰ

˵𣬡ڽǣڹ˼Աߣӵ硢ǹ˾ԭ۵ļ֪ŮԱᣬ̺磬Ǵйģ
磿᣿̺磿
ھ⼸֣ϲĵǴŮԼǲӦȼ˭أ
ȥھǸɧŮ˿ǾԵŮҲá
ǣھʣܷһ£Һ氡
Ȼھ˼Цû⣬BOSS̸㰲ź㣡
ܿģھİ칫ҡ
ʱһͷһسºͷۺɫĶȹ鹵֣޳ĻԲŮһţ˵Ըпˡ
ǰȦŮǣȻ˵ǹɫ㣬ҲʮζĳھΪпġ
Ůˣ겻ǱҲãּƵҲãͦˣȺɷࡢŮִš
ʵϣ̫ԴĳˣۣΪĽЩ̨ǹҫķˣͱμߵ̨ԱѵࡣȻഺòΪ˵㶫ʱ̫ضɡʱ߸߲Ҫһù㶫ÿСʱȻ١Ϊÿһ˼ǣ˵ٽһ˵¶ڡ
ڱƸ¼ȡܶ˱Ϊк̨Ĵ½áⰲ˵һЩܼܿĶ԰󡣳ĶˣһҪλüͷͷʹסκοܵĻᡣ
Ȧеһò̫ƯݼҲ̫ãȴȦӰ󣬲ҵΰĺϹʲôһ漣
ʱ߽Լİ칫ңھ΢Цվߵߣס֣˵Сãھܸλǣ
á
Ȼ֪ھȦеʵ¿˵
ţС㡭
ھס֣ԥһ£ûж
㡭ңΰ֪𣿡
ھЦ
㲻ҪЩ
һΰʱһ죬ͷȥ
Ҫΰ֣ҵŮˣԸ𣿡
ھ΢Цʡ
⡭
һ£ϳ־ȣôУ
ûʲôеģ
ھһѱԼĻЦǰжҲܣڣ˯ˣֻҵŮˣ·ߣһӦҵԶҵŮˣڶȥһ롢ۺ̨Ĺֶ㳹׵ķɱѡɣ
㡭ô
ŭҪھĻϧûá
㡭뱻ԭҵļ㣡
ھſᣬֻаؿ
ҡ
Ĭˣ֪ھʵΪ˵ǰǿƺѾΪ˵ѣԼɱ֮˻ôġ᲻룬Ǹʶʱˣ³̾һ˵ô㣬ҴӦˡ
ŶԺúøңԿġ
˵ţھᣬߵһԵɳϣ棬ѹϣͬʱ⸧
š
ܿͱھֿڲø޸ӱĴ
ţᣬӵǲزҲ
ھЦ˵ţֽʱ¶һԷѩ飬ŵĻǰɫ֡
ţɫ֣ʺ㰡
ھЦ˵
ᡭ⻵·ˡ˼ܡ
὿ߵ˵˵ʵȻԼйˣôԼ붯ˣھɻǵһ
ھٺһЦԼ·ѹˣʱھʱɵ۶
ģǸô󰡡
ῴ۶ˡ
Ȼ㳢ζΡ
˵ţھЦŽʹյͣЩԹؿھһۣ˳ӵ캬ס˱Ū
ܲ˵ɧĿڼǲھŮ漼ϳ˵ģʱһھļŪһͺᵫҲ˱໬ھܣھļͣˬĲˡ
šˡ
һھֹ³ھļͣھҲǹɧ
˵ɧʮ꣬ӻĿԣھ˶鷿㿧ɫͷЦһϣ鷿һŪͬʱɧϸ
šŰ
ܿͱ࣬ʼ˶˵ھҲ뾡ɧס󼦰ֱͣطֿ˫ȣҲ󻬣ļͶ׼ǿ˵ضһͱ롣

еʱһʵһ־ΥоӲˣھԼǡ
ھ嶯ˣļͼҵĳĴָӣա촽ͶھԼһеĿȣů
Ұ㡭š㡭ҡҺšԡ桭ܴ󡭡ҺϲáҺѽˡš
ʱ˶˵ɧеûͦھɵĺ𾢶ɧŮˣˬ
תۼ䣬ھַĽԼĺֲͥȥᡰ
һͥչ˼£ˬھûйĴѩΣԼȶҵ塣ȫðѩŤţھ
ᡭáá
ھ߳ҵĽСʱڼ˱任˸ƣҵ״̬ŽϣʱھǽбڴϣԼ󣬽һȸ߸üбºس壬żӽβѾйΣھҲڵ˶ˡ
ᡭҪˡ𣿡
šðɣɡҪ㡭Ҫ㳹ռҡ桭ɡɡ
һкھ侫ˣȵľҺ̵һ̱ɳ
ھй˳ȴûűԼڵĲ񻰵ᣬ˵ᣬһûء
˵ļٴγ졣



095 ΰñӣ£
ھסԲ鷿̽Բ¡ָᴥ۵ľ٣졭쵽ˡء桭
еĺָͥܵԼоڿԨۻھϡ
ٰ֪ҺĻ䶯ء㡭Ҫ
ӯĽھͦޡʹֻĽ䣬鷿żٺ
ھ§㻬壬ͷ˱ص㺹ͷẬ̺ͷۺ΢ֵͷӲӣһھһ£һסھͷھѹ廬⣬ÿ㻬ļ
ĻʱĥʪޱȻ͹ĻвԳֵ϶ţھķֿѩԲķȣʾͷ˳ӵſˮɵ۾ߵĿŴֳû󣬹ͷ뻨оܵĥţӵ̧Ȳھڳͼӿ죬ĸоʹ⻬ĳԽԽ޲øھһ塣

ھӿ͵Ľࡣ
š
ͷӦҪҪٿһ㣿
ڽСǻҳ塣
̲סгô󡭡ܲˣ
Ҳ˯Ů˻ܲ˵ģ
ھֱסԲ̵ķΣڻڴĳ壬δξ
ھٳͣͷڻоϴĥǿҵĴ̼ø߳һˣҺ
ͦӭϣھҪˡˡҾˡŶ
ȫ׿αװ¶ŷŮӦеıԣͦӭţ޲ð˾һཻ˱ھҺŴС조š
ͦѹסھƨøھĹͷŻоĥоСĻӹǻеùͷʹɻоڹͷϣܵĻڵ䶯˱ھǰҡ裬ıʮܣĵ˽Уˡ˼ҡܲ㡭ôôְมϰ塭̫̫̫ˡҶܲסˡԲ𡭡š㡭ŪҪҪĶˡáðĿˡð㡭̽ұ̵á̵ӹˡá䡭ı͸ҵӰɡ
ᱻɵҡͷԣ㷢˦˦ȥСֽץھͷھͦͷŪϾھĻ󹿽ץסϸٳɡ
ٰ㷢ɢϣ޳Ĵסھ۰׸۹ھĲӣھŤŷʰԲη϶˵㺹˿ѩ׼ϣԵøھסỬֵ⣬侫ĸоԽԽǿңھڻĥƾŤͦΣҲ޷⻨
𡭡ߡĻ֭ʵĥ尾ˮ߰ŤֵĻھһڴϷ۵ĺ飬Ըе磬ˮ߰ŤϸԼ޳׵ȣھ׳˵ĵԣǻʪĻֻֽУ̼ھꡣ
ἢʵŤŰķΣมšɿҵȼھԡ˵㺹ļơԽҵĲھᲦסյĳ¶ܼ尾ס
ߡ㡭ء졭˳ԵĽȫû֣η˵ͦʪĻĥͷ̡ˮ졣ھƸķΣǽ岻ĳ컨¡졭Һĥ̲סĿ󣬰۵ھŤھͦͷ²뻨ˮ¶Ц⡣
һ룬ڷĵİҺĳ쳣˳ھеͷڽ۵ĻﱻеúͷҺúʹ졣޳Ĵȼڼϣ׼ûδ͵оѩ׵ɢں㷢˵鷿ҡΣʱھץ༷ͷھΡʱ۵Ļⷭʱֽ뻨ڡ
ھٶԽԽ죬İҺײİࡰ̡̡̡̡һĿ˽á塭Һáѽ̫ˡҪˡม
йӣھҲ˳㴽ְϸھسܸ߳ϡ
ΰ״ñӡ



096 Ů
ھ˯֮󣬾ͰˣȻѰؼľ
ڶ죬ھʱߣһȥȻǰһŲھһֻһŮ˳ڳţп㣬Ƥ۾ӣСڡ̹˵ĺõ޻˵֮⣬Ůò䲻ϼ֮ѡû̫˵ȴʮ˵ĸоһ˫Ըеĳȣھ˲оޱȵļԭӻ
ڡҺͽʬиԼᡷеǸСᣬǸųȹԵһլеŮ
ԸͬԸͬǧ壡
Ҫ̸Ȥ̸Ǯ
ҽС,رϷϲǹˢ׬Ǯ
԰ִţ԰˵Ĳ벻ھħһԺлٳ
ھдϲæǰк
ڽٶȸˣ粨ټߵĸнھɹߡʱһھߴУһ㶣̶Цܣãܸʶ㣡
ھЦҲܸʶ㣡ûɣ
Ȼû⣡
΢Цĺܿģ
ھЦҲھɣȥĶ
Цҳ緹
ɣҲҪȥ緹һȥ԰ɣҴȥƵԴͣ
ھЦڲԷܹŮԷĺ¶Ҫȥģ

һ̶ڰ֣˵ĺ˼ƷѰвУ
ھǵһμ棬ô˼ԼԷأ
ʲôеģ
ھЦǲǿҰϺһԷ

æ˵ҡûǸ˼
ŻˣҪԼ˵ĻõλߴУԼպǾûӹġ
Ǿ͸һߣ
ھ˵ţɷ˵ߡ
ھסͣھЦŴ򿪳ţ΢ЦҵɣҿǺеλССԷ
ۼھô飬ҲͲپܾˣ˵ǡǾллˣڡھ
˵Щؿھô᲻ˡ
ھǺһЦ˵ɣϳɣҴȥԺóԵģ
£ھԼİһ·ʻڹ·ϡҲǵһҲŵÿ
ھһЦʵ𣿡
һ£Цаҵӵھ㲻֪
ӵ
ھ˵ͷ֪ӵ顣
1995꣬ӵӵӾ硶šݳ棬ݶϷŮ1989ꡰС㡱һγӵǰʱӵòˡ
ӵʵشġܿˡײ򡱵ĿȰ顣ʱӵ죬ӵңɴˣҪŸѹǶʱ䣬˼ȫ۵ļߡ
̨ʱǧĿ֮£ӵ󰮡ʱȫۻȻжˮ˵ӵޣ
ǵ1999꣬ӵҵ͹ȡʵ˾ҵĳͻӵǰȻչˣһЩ飬һ֮ǲŷǲϡΪǵԸʵ̫ˣӵˣϲˣǿˣСƢԡҵʧӵϣصҵõůǲ֪ΪʲôһеС¾ʹ󳳴֣˴˶Эǣһİ飬ɫֻ˿ǿάˡ
2000꣬ӵ۵ҵ֮·ѾߵͷĻչҲշֱֵԭ
ʱھӵĸ黹ܺãֻǱˡֻ÷ǳֶˣ
۾ԴӾƵڡ
ھһ䵥İڣϷɽ亣ζͺơ
ھһӲˣܲӦ˵ܣ㿴㣬ôˣԵ𣿡
ûϵİ
ھһƣ˵ѣúóһ٣Ҫ˵ô࣡
غһںƣ˵ǸЩҪǮ
˶ǮͷİɣƵǼҵĲҵﶼҵˣõĵġھЦ
Ŷ
ֺһںƣ׼ԲˡȻֻͷһΣǰһڣ²֪
ھεϲ
ƵĹ˾עĲҵ˶ھġھ֪ѵʱ򣬾ѾҪõˣ׼ԼַԷŵ˵ʱѾ͵͵߷ں밲ҩڵʱЧ
ھϣųȥҾƵһ̨ҲҪѧѧϣŮա



097 ϣ
µڣھغţڿӣڰһġŮŵϣֱе㺦¡ϾԼ⻹ǵһΡ
ھյ˫ӣҰĺ촽һ͸壬ѹһУ϶֧ˡ
ھ˫֣Ȱĳһ⿪⿪Ŧۣʵѩ׵ӳھɵɿֵİۣһѩҫ۵鷿ھߣļа㣬⻬޳񾱣ͦζɴ鷿ͦеԣۺɫͷСӣһ㡣յĳ۽ëµӣھ˿ĭһִ˯ˣ
ʲôأɣھ˯˸Լ
ھһ㣬һڿգվͷǰַͷƫöھھֱͦͦͳǰһַͷһֻץסھ϶ĨĨȥյӣ㷢֮ȥͣӣҰСߡ
ھĺ촽ٸѩ׵СҲ߶ʮһꡱһھ϶˽ȥСİھһ˿϶ҲûУھĳһʪھĹͷ£ĥھġٿյ۾֪ɲ֪ڸԼأһŮɲһ˶ܹġ
ھ϶һνӴ˵Ŷͷʶ䶯ʶ˱Ȥ
ھ˫ֱסͷƵʼӿĳֱʺĿˮҲĳ˳
ھҲţѹ˫鷿СɵͷŬĹ£һеԵ鷿ҲԽԽԽԽͦͷɫҲӷۺ𽥱Ϊ޺죬ͷ߸ߵھⱲҲûôܴ̼
϶ʮ£ھ̲סˣɲУôйǲеģֹͣͣ϶ůʪССھйǿҵĴ̼
Ϣһ£ھסֿʼ˵ڶֵĺھ˶øӺˡһֱ˽ٶ£ھȫƵĳ鴤ھľһɣһɹ̵ӿ˳ھʺһԵ˳ȥھ̧ͷɾҺʳһûʣ
ھԹȻֱͦھС´˺һᣬĴӴԼֵĵط˳
ھϣŴأתھʵţп㣬ѩ޳Ĵӳھ촩һɫ˿֯ڿ㣬ĹĵİĽأھڿ㡣̹ı¶ھǰ
޳Ⱦͷһڵ۲ݳʵĸصĽھָëĹ⻬ϸ壬˿һᣬһˣ
ھһëԼǮ¾ھƵԴˣ
һܵϸסصһСھȣ޶ȵĲ濪180ˣھM͵ĴԼ˫ϣڣھ۾ֻ幫־ˣӼھ֪Ʊ¶һ˵ǰһˡ
ھ˫ֲ٣СǴ󲿷ŮеشھŹġ
ǿɰǳۺɫģڣھָ¶յڡ
ܸھϾͰӲϹȻûȤˣھչͷڴԹŪֻᶶھζŮڴϢھſβָᶺŪˣһһ´ĸоġ
ھȴһӶ٣ΪϼѻʽһҪúŪھβָһڲڣس鶯еشһЩ͸Һ塣ʵģĺҲʼأظҲĺ
ھβָմһЩˮָϵ͸Һ壬еȣóԣ촽ਣŮİҺԹɾŮŮˣܹڻУҲŤšϷһƬ糺졣ˮİҺŮӿ
ˣŪھˬҪռŮ
ھ˫ķֿŭ͵ֱָ죬а˴糤ΪҪٸŮ˷ܡ
׼һкӲ͵ͬһĹͷϡռеһ٣ھ˫ַץ˫飬һش̽ŮڣȻаҺ󣬵иΪխ侭ھһ壬ֻܲһŮȵھ谭ھһ㣬ھһ룬ٺݺһ壬ٽСĺܽ
ھĽխ̶ȣ壬ټϰҺ£ھһ˫ץס˫飬һھĲ룬һ嵽׸æͣס
ȻھʼиĲھ֫ȵĳֱͣԼھѶͷھֹͣг壬⴫ļѹⲻѹͣĴ̼Լ
ĺýھֲйסס򦣬оٴչ˶ԾǳһʽţÿһʱܲԾڻз˲ٶ£ھָľǳһΪǳٳֻĺ𽥼ӴֱԾĺߺؽڵļھߡ
ھŪ𣬸ӵͣ޾ڱĿеС
ĽĥھǿҵĿмУ̲ȵĥھ
ʱھоһ˿΢ůҺѨ䵽ԼĹͷϣھ֪ŮӸԼɵй˳
ȻŶ˸߳ļѹھŪھͣ¶ΪϢһŮӵĸ߳ĴȫƽϢٶĳ塣ҵĳݣѩ׵βԼ˫飬һжʹھеޱȵĴ̼
ζʵ̫ˣھÿһν룬СѨڵĸо
ھӽ뿪ٴѨڣִխֱͷӹڡ
ھȫ֮ͷĹͷӹײѨģؽڵļھߡĿҲϵķɰ
İҺھִϡ.ϣٶµļҳ壬ֱھɵöй˳
֮ھҲ˼ֽ§̵ӹǶй䣬ǵľҺͣӹϣӹٵھǺܶ࣬ùڵھҲܲǷỳУʵˬñﲻסͷˡ
ھڣȡգǰǵľҺк龰ѵãǺ֪ϣھԸ˸ǽ׶͸ļһ覴ÿһϺõ͸СɶǷĺ촽ֱſţǺƵģҧһڡ۵Ĳӣƽϸ۵СԲ޳ĴȣͦķΣ͹٬ȳƵģԼǵشصɽеĹȣһŮͼھһθ
ھԼе¹ϣˣ¶ٴηϣ촽ҧסʵͷֲͣ崦ĥҺֽھŪʪˣʱھЦټһΣֻʵ̫ѵھǿ׳ǷǳġھʥС̽
ѱ˯šھֻǿ׵ʮϸС
аϲһֻС֮У˷ܡھ򼤶ͨ죬ԼĶǵһ죬һ޸ֻеԼһʪΧţھֽ˫ȷֿѩ׵β߸ߵԲǸʥء
֮ھ׼СѨз죬ٴκݺݵؽֱӹȻͿʼǰ͡һһʹĴ̣ɧѨھһ߳ţһ߸ӷͻ̡
ھʼɵȵѨﷴ壬۾ͶԼ϶Сһӽȥһӳģ϶ĽԽԽ˳ͷԽԽȣðˮҲԽԽ࣬ҺҺһ㾧͸ĸγһ㣬ƷĤһ㡣
ھȣҲиоһγؼ
ھһֻȹҵԼļϣԷĳ壬ѼչһֵĹơ
ھͣسͣڵһѶľͷھеԼ˶Ĺͷѵӹϡ
ھܼٵĳͷһһµײӹڹӹڡһӾͽͷӹڣھòϷ˺ߺߣҲӭھĳ͡
ʱھеӹҲԼĹͷ䶯ţھ֪ԼĴ̼ĸ߳ӹڳѾ

ھһŤƨֹͣסƨɿʼΣĿһϯȫе廬ȵסԼĴСѨĻһһϵ˱ԼĴͷڻҲһδﵽ˸߳ھ޷ݵĿУĴ̵ľҺְСѨŮޱȵĿгܾá޹ǽ˯ţһк֪



098 £
ھϢһ壬ھʱѳֲסԼֻûȣһΡ
£ھɷ˵һַϣߵƣֲ˽ȥ
һԶǻھļһһδֱĶ룬۵ڱĦɬոձܴݲеʱ˺Ѵһ޷ʹ࣬һʹ˺Ѹоγе崿Ůһʹڻظ˹ĿеĽҲˣɴŵۿѹŵھ󾪣ʵ૵ھʲô
СǻִӲǲ룬ڽΧӲͣͼѹԷ
ֻھӲͦѾٳˣݵֻôĵֿھЦ׽Ľ׽˫̧ߣѹȥѩ̧ʹ֭ˮĵĽȫ¶ŽһصŵĴ֮䡣
֮Уͻھڲֻʹ̣һڲ̬ģֻнȣƫǻӲͦݺһ̣Ⱦɷ˵˿ھ˵ؾͻ̣ʱٴ롣
ֽᣬ˼ҳɳ޵ԼĹ°һ߿ü壬ʹѵƫֿһ߸оŸոڵͷϣ¶ԵѨסζ֮޷ݣھٺһЦ˫ѹסźۣȴǲĵؼƽ
еŮһܴڣһִӲššĦŻĴۡԼոйΣʱȴҪڱɣǿ˺⣬۸ʹۡ۰
ѹʶڷϵĿ࣬ھѹԼ۰ƵصϣԭӦŮҵѲʹȨŤϵظͼн޳ȣϵĴɫǣѺ崿ŮƶŨ־аھھڻеͷᵽǿĦСоĵֿиǷ޼ɣþµھ֪˳崿Ů˵ʲôĴͷ˿ŭϼһƬ崿ŮɵҧľӨĶִϸҵһΣŶǰ㣬ϲˣҰ㣬һõģ
Ϊ˼߽΢ֿʶŵĻļ˵ڵõˣѾ޼ײţˬý
ʹǺʹ˵ȣѾйˣѹζʹĲ֪νƫı飬ȴھΪ⣬ѹ仺£һĽ½ۺ͵ԣһߺɵƽһһƿĽ֡
ò׵ȵھû룬Ƕð亹̲԰ףҲûˣұ۾һĿҲ
ţ͸оϵھͣһʼСֻس鶯ĦŪھĵӴ󣬴ĳҲǿң䵱֪Ķѧķǰ֮УĥĶ
ھһ޳ܵò˲εķ֣Ůĵطڱַţ˽ŴɫھĴִһֱػŵٸѾʧȥھͽҲˡĵķԭֹסĴǷۺεӵελ䡣
оֹͣھ֪ˣĿǰ޿صĴ߼ʧһ߻˵Щ黰Ұ㡭
ҺˮŴ󻵵ھ䣬ϵŽխǻھоԽԽ˳ʡھ𽥵ĿʼӿٶȣʹƵأʵйҲ֪ô£˵ĳ͵Ľ֮У仹ûи֣ܵȴҲ̫ʹ࣬Ժģֻ֪ھŰŰҲŰ̫˰ԶƽճߴӲ۵вϽŪʹ಻崿ŮֱļǸһ˿еĿУֻǿʧĺĥĳлھ¡üͷϸױҧסԸʺ´İţŤ۲ͷϸеСϽűɹΣƤСֱֺͦš
һᾡģղѾɹأЩƬھͺúҸļҿаɣ
һοһ߻ھǿѹܣһ߻鶯һᰮ֮Ҳ֪ŪŮӣⷽǼ죬뵽Ϊ˫֣ڵûô嶯ö˶˵ھչֶΣŪңɵŤҡ
ഺ崿ŮҧʹĽУھӾȣٹתΪںڷҵ壬Žϸ۵̽ÿȫûǻ̵ͷ뵽ůУȻ̾ĦԻøӴ̼ĽӴ߳ŮӴû˿϶һ˿ҵ崿ŮӣѹӢǿ׳Ļھ£Ž
ȵھ·ͣϢƵأഺ崿ŮŪȥ˿̵ﰧššĥϿȥʱֹͣˣʹ·ûֹһ
ʶ御йھʮӺ󣬽ƣˣھ߻ڼܣɱµСܴйĽסˣھҲ㻨ԽˣΪԵԼ͵Զƽһ㻶ŮӼСʱû⡣
δ뵽ѨȻѵõʵھͲסȻ崿Ůĵ߶۵ǻԷ߳ҺѨڲѻϵ˱Ƽȴƫ٣һԸе泩̼˵൱СھҲ˵Թž˵ƴΪѨ

һĵŷԼ֪Σ̧ԲȲιɼջĦţ㶯ʹھǳ壬㲻̫󣬿˽ϴȪˮȴѽ˳ߵҪƽȴıܳ嶯
ġȻġ
о崿Ů߾ھɴսŷľߣ̰˳¾߿යŪһ
㶯ǰҲûľŮ˱Դ᲻ģڵĶ֮䣬֮ǰЩζϾɰضԴԼ㱻ǿŪϴҲ޺ŭ崿Ůʵ׼ھۣǿڲĳ嶯ضϧ˿ҷݡ
ֻҪܿˡ
š
ô˵ߵ΢ĿҲǷԣǽֻڰοԼڶѾˣҲʳϲ໬ȽĦԵǿ͡
ָֻһ㣬̽ĹȻ΢ۣȴӿ˸ĿУԵζŤţеĲλЩӭĴ̼ȡ
һһĳֻͣԼǻһ̲ˮ䱻ھѹסȴĴ̼Կĸζֱ͸ÿ缡һ㲻ʣռݣǶĹĴۣҲԵòԣ𽥻֮УھĳݷŪңĸоĶʱʱͣȫռУ߰ʱݷ˶ɾܺͳʱ˶̱ˣٸоԵ
ݷи˵ĸоͿ쵽յ㣬ǻãƮƮ֮У֪˽۵ĻĴסʴǵתĥ֮䣬ڴݵյ㣬ЩʲôǰӵĴܳҲס
нûоŴû취˵ֻ飬ĹһɻĴ̼͸˶̼Ļ˻ţﻹ͵ס緢ĸо£˫ȸ߸̧𣬷ͳûŪʮ¡
ھ͡ҺŽһйעǻȵϾͻӿѨһɹɻ۵ӹڣѹ֬Ƶؽϡ
ãȻظоױȵĿ֮Уϵ漴һ룬̵ӹﶼ
ǼȻָζһˣϢֻãȻԿأȫ֪Լھʲô£ֻܱܵȥоȻĴǿޱȵıоشƽǶɢ˵ĸ߳תѣֻһɺˮζѹ
ŷųһӲɳԭ峺˫컨壬۰߰ߵľʧɫ԰ףһ˫޳⻬Եڲϸ΢ĳ鴤ţһϧıл



099 Сᡱϣ
ôˣ𣿡
ھǰĺֱۻס´յʡ
ִÿ
ر顣
㻹ҪŻҼȻ˯㣬ӽҾˣҵҶḺ𵽵׵ġ
ھο
ҲڸŻֻǡֻ˵кܶŮˡѡα˺ҵأֻԹֻѹĻ߶ѡԣ㱧Ů˵ÿ
ھ˵һ䣬һ䣬ÿֶٶȥҲֵҪǰ뿪
ǰԸңһһֱ׷ĴŮӣ˵ǸŮˣھʱ뵽ǰһУϧŨ
ѾҵŮˣѲһӣѵղŵһ㲻Ǻ𣿡
ھ˵ͬʱ˫Ħѩ۵ĶסһֻƵСϣƽСȻ΢΢ʹѹٴνӲͦϡ
ҪǸղŵòڴȷ֮ʣҲ̱̾ǰİ飺߳չʱ˿ҲֻҪ뵽ԼʧھһӵŮõĻӣԶ޷Ͷͱ
ſңڿ͡£ſң
̲סͺʼ
ĻԼ˳ӵھ֮⣬Ҳڶŭ
ھץסһת棬Ҹղǳ˯ŵʱģϲģҿԸǸΪҳ㰮㣬ΪĶԲ㡭
ӵкܶŮţǺŷ˱ɫ⵽ʲô˵ģ
ƾܵһ𾪵ھ˵ⷬ˵ʲô
ŵ˫ֽճȭЦŵһ뵽ô֪޷ܣʹѾʧ㣬Ҳн
ƺƽ˵ھͷȵһҵʱͿԽˡ
ƫͷܿĴ˫˵ľƿܣȻѾʧ㣬Ůˣһ뵽Ů˯һղŵĳ£޷ܣҸ˯ܹȫء
ھֱס˵С졣
˵ϴϷ֫ϵ޷Ҳ޷񣬽Ǿ
ھס򦣬ǿſͷ̽롣
Ŀǻϸʪ죬Ӳ׷סִܵ࣬
ǿǣҵִļֱֻۣܷȴ޷ѡ
޺޵˼ʹ򦣬ݺݵؽ̽еͷҧסͼĴࡣ
Ѫζʱ˵Ĵ֮䣬ھʹϵʹǿӲضݣִоǿƵҪƷϵѪ

ȻȴҲ͸ˣøӼҡ
ķƲסѪҺп޷һԴھ˫һʹͽѹϡ
ҪھſҡҲҪ
ھͼֽŲõصֿȴӲ֡
ɲ㲻ҪղѾҸˣѾҵŮˣûپܾҡ
ڿĲҪܾھвдһ˿ȥִҪȡĽ㲻⣬㾡ܴУҸ㣬ѾˣȥҲԸڴ֮ͥºۣ
ھ֮ϣô׳Ĵѹסӣסж޷ӿ
Ҫȥһжʱ˻ᣬþȫ˿Ȼ漴´ץ˵һŵķȥ
Ƶϵھò˵Ļɵͣ˽ŲӲǲҳǵߵš
һʱƿھ˹شôˣҵڴǰΪΪأ
һ㶼ţΪƶˡ
ھвܳȥôʲôطץסһҪĿ֮£Ҳ
ھ˹ȫ׳ļ̬̺ǿı
ųŵĽŲӽվǰ
Ϊڻ֮ӿϵ·ϣֻ£ǰ߿һƬѩ׻չǰ߰˷ܵø͡
ԣ·¡
ھӺıֽнŵ·ᳶƮµ棬űγһȦơ
ӣò˫ƳϣȻýŶ˫ȣȵиη䣬ͦȼ仺ͣüӲĻѨĥ
ѨƬĥ仺Ѫͣ࣬ͦ͵и̹ѣǶۣŪҺ
ھĴǰסǰ飬ĦȴԵ鷿ǰһ
ھĿŵӲҷĵĲԸ⻹ͼֹˡĲҪ㡭ŹҰɡ
㲻ҪѾ˺öˮ˵ҪСȴ׼ҪҲˡ
ھ̲סȻķӦ
ҡͷŤͼӼǰ뿪ء
ӵĿ񻶰ʱھǣŤֱӼǿͳҵӷڡ
ھץĴסϸһʹͽŤ̶סˡ
ͦôֳѨǰһŪͨմȾʪ֭ҺȻѹβ
ȵǰĥŪһѰȼİڣȻҸˣⱲ㶼ҵģҪҪǵΪſȡ
ھһ˵꣬һͦǰһֳǰ˾ͼѨʪˮ꣬˳ĻҺſĽխӲ˶ûڡ
š
ոڻʹִеĻѨŴЩʹ֮⣬ǿҵĿҲͬʱϮзȺʹȴָܵе
벻ҵġԶ벻ҡ
űѨĳ⣬ھš


100 Сᡱ£
ءҪ
Ĳʣвͣ飬Ļ䣬ȴìܵ뿹ܡ
ڳ͵ͣ͸ˮǷĶʪ⣬Ӧʾ޷鼰
ԹͬʱҲسĻС
ú˿ļǰ֮ʱɶˣھһδεײѵķ˿ȫɢ£İڶǰѩ׵ĺԾζ
ȻղȷʵᵽĻ죬ȴȫоʱ˿̻ûȫĴų⡣
ȻھзӦҲܵϵĿУȴȫѨҲѪ촽вסݳĵֿٶ޷ӵ
ҵţƴŤһֻƾƽ̹ʵĸ£Ӳֹκͣǿ͵
ššҪҲҪ㡭
ҲĸŵѨеĳͣӲ˶ֻǰ治һĳܲѨУĲΪֱ۵ƾܶ޷ڡ
ھ뽫ֳȴ»֮£Խǰ벿
ת˫´̼вλץ鷿ͷ껨ѨǰͻԲۻˣԲġ
ھ§סǰֱ𣬺޼϶طǰӨˮյֱͦȴֻǵַȼ䣬ʱŽѨУܲٿ׽
ֵھΪղŸɵ̫վˣ֮Ҳǣν
ֻҪھ֣Ҳ޿κΣٲġٲ⡢ѹ
¡ŵü֮ˣ뿪ھҲֻⱲעҪڶŮ÷ˣ
ϾԼţھΪӢİ۰ԼԺӰҵҲһ¥ת䣬˸ղʼղԵʵ
ڱھʱֹסӯӯˮ÷㣬಻ش
ھϷűϣȴڴ޳˶Ŀģ۵òˣȫ˽ռҲΪ̫ںԼĴԲŻᷴ׽
ھ˳⣬ǿĽ˸¼ڳ۳Ҷδ֮⣬ȡǲɸıҲ޷صʵһսҲǵýܣȴֻǶΪĥԼѡ
ھ˼һ󣬾һ˵
ʹŤʱǰͽϵĻѨУָʱ˫鷢ǣԼִššš
İ󣬿ǰ񻡢ѩ壬ھһֱδ˵ͣǰ͸ҺʾѿҪ̲סѨеˡ
Ϊ˼ԭʼҲھִסѨеָ
ȻŻУָϼմȾĲ߳İҺȫĨַµĴֳϡ
һԼ鷿пǰˮĿǻзڳҺÿšõܵܡҪ㡭㡭
ſ˫֣زĽʵȣߴĻѨ
ٵȻҪһ
ỬСһĴȣ˿ĸԵһ¡
ھָĳ£Ѩͣ߳ʪİҺ
£ס
ھŽֻץ𣬽Ǵ˶࣬ʾƴཫ£ѹ
ѩ鷿γɽܸʵĻ̬ʱھŲԲ˶ǰ˴ϸͦ٣ĺ߽У˶ִ۵ѩг
š
ǿҵĿ缤Ϯ
ھβٵǰڶְѹֱϣִ鷿ǲϼѹͣ
á
ʱ̲סմŻʪҺĦĳѩ׵ĥһƬӣ졣еļôĥŪǹĿ
ֱֱǰද͵ؽȲһĥŪͼοѨеĿ鼰ɦȴֻͽĥŪӨʪ⣬һҲܰοԼֻ뵽ǴֳȫȻԼڣߵûȣ֪Ǻãӳűַʱ֣鶯
ÿҪ޳ʱھȻסС֣м伷ѹΣ
˫ǳ졢ͷԲͻʱһΣȵһ

ھĿУ͵ԿٵƵʼ¶
ǰ˹ͷӲ˶ͺ˲伤ŨİɫҺ⡢ԼĴŪõһƬ
⽫մȾڴǵİ׽УƷļҺҲ޷ֿȫճ
ƿھץֱϵĴƣԳڸ֮߳У׳ƵԼ󵹵ƿ
õܵܡϹҪ㡭
˫ȴŵعϣСס˵
ŲԼСƨɣͣŰҺѨڶ׼Щ΢׽ˡ
ע֮£гӣȻӲͦȫڣšŰ
תݺĽʱڷڣĻĽжţа
û뵽Լѹϣֻһ졣˵ھˣԸھҲŹԼȴ̣ѲԼʧ֮ıշԣ㲻߳ܵﶼ˿ڣȲϸխӦĴִ󣬾ѾʼŪԴ˿̵˵Щ΢ĴʹʹĪĿС
ھԸе̬Լ˵ĻӼӲͣȫȫĻѨſسʵ塣
ѨзʪҺ㻬ˮգھץס鷿ͻָͷþȫ졢˲ߢݮ
ԣҡ
ھĶͦǿĽխβײ
˶Ӳĳһ޷ݵѪ֮УĿͬʱоխĹȽסݷһ㣬˵ĳֱ͸ţζ䲻ͷһˣһȴھһϧԼ̢ŵ崿Ů
ššԸȵСѨС
ھסشĻڿܡ
ҿˡ
岻ĦĲλɢ˷ܵؽֺͷ
߸ϸ߰˵ŤתڶԲβͣŪ
ֻСָڲԾУظϻѪ۵ָӡڸͻͷʱָָҲĶɦС
ָ״ʹھ͵ѨвͣײˡͿˣԡҿ챻Ūˡ
ھߴͬʱѨĥŪ͵ԵظܵڵĽ
ѨǿҵŪ֪ܽס³;Ҫﵽ߳ˡ
ңһ¡Ű̫ˣ
ھץ˫Ĵƣ§סطѹ׳˶֮¡ĹȱĽȡʪĹȵĥҲ֪Ѳֻ̱ΪΪŤ΢ȴǿܻ򱯰ǽĹƣԼķûо룬ȴԽŵֱ׹ݵĸо֪黳ܵеޱȤ
ֵܵĴ̼ӣƹʱּȿֵζƻصϣұǰһθǿҡӳ׵ռ֮ҲɳԾ
ѹ˱Ūĳ嶯ھϴţа࣬ƫƫŮķӦȴ۽ϵԲ᲻֪
Ϣţ̲סӴ΢µп֣ϴĴֵ̼ĳɷȴǴ࣬ûǣ֯ϸµĽϳ۳ŪסϢƲУķӦ֡
ھֻ񱩵ҰްѨҳͣˣҪ·ˡнң
Ȼ£ȫһŻŴﵽˡ

еͬʱĻѨͻȻӿȻҺ
ѨнŪܲסڽİΧԼǲҺĽʵͬʱҲ˳ĵͺ𡣡š
䲻ϷھѹϣβȼſٵСȵĳ͡
šš
۸ĿС
һɹɵİ׽Ӽ¶ѵǰˣȫۡĻѨ
ھ۵õһߡ



101 䡱
ھ˯֮󣬾ͽѰؼʯطɫţҲӵ֣ھŮˡ
ھĿ꣬ͬҺͽʬиԼǵ硣
磬ϺŮˡ1985꣬游ĸƾӼôڼôԼ˴ѧYork University޹̹ѧ1995μС㾺ѡӮáϾС㡱Сھ4󽱣˺ʼġݡѩ񽣡ݺĺҺͽʬиԼᡷƹࡷȶಿ缯ΪϤݶಿӰ硶ۡơлӢۡȴҵƷݵӰ۰¡ܺýΪǽ㡱ǽеǽ㡱ھһı椺ܻ߶ǣٺ٣ھȥ߶
ʱѾھ˾һԱȻܾ
ʱ߶Ѿھˣ棬ֻʣھˣռλϰĻ˵˶ԼһԺͳصԣԱԼϴ֣ھ˼Ͳڴ֮ϣֻſ߾ͿˣԶȻǲᷴˣ˾˶
ھȻûд߶򣬵ԺܸߣܿѧһЩɣȻȲ磬ȴҲˣھʱȴûн˼ڴ֮ϣһţһʱչֳˡ
ھվ΢˫ոˣ˶׼ĻӶֱۣҪȥһΪƵԭ򣬾ʹñĽȹͬĵڶ㼡һģ֮ϣķ˵Եεھǰչ˳
Ƭʺĵ⣬ƺҲڹھһģȹ߸ߵĳ֮·˵Ĺâջھʹھڵţٴһ㣬λ᲻¶°羰ʵչԼǰء
һ߸ߵķ˳ȥһ˲䣬ھĿʵȣͽһ¬ӡ˶ȹϵӡҲһӱھɵĵһĳһλҲ̲סĴ
Ϊһ̣ھͻȻˣҿʱԼ֮俴֮֮µķСӣСôķټڽȽһĶʹھͻȻ뵽ԼǲٸֵŮһŤһʣôԼѹȶխĸо᲻Լѳֲסһйעء
뵽һĻھһӸ˹ȥһĪ궯ӿ̼ھ񾭣ʹãԼӦֻվߣֻ͵ʱչֳˣԼӦжԼúõĺŮһ뵽ЩھԺٵתͷεĲڲĵ֮£ӽǸϢ塣
ʱھ罫λϵǸ˳ȥԺλѾûˣͯŰ֥ȥĵطȥˣҪλϰĻǾƱҪԼˣ뵽Щھ֪ԼĻˡ
ǣھ˶һߣǿ첽ߣڵϼһԺķŵλ֮ϣҲĵСɣҷҲûʲô˼㵱ͯɣϰҲҪһЩġ
翴ھȻĸԸĸԼͯˣȻ֪ھĿĵģҪԼĽӴûлԳԼĶھһ˵ԺͣƣھһŵָƵ֮¶ȻЦݣԼھĸм֮⡣
ھΪ˸ոյ˶ʹһŵָƵ֮¶˼ֳ죬СɵıǼ֮ϣҲϸϸĺӣʹֵŮǿӵΪҪǣһ½֮µķ˵Ե壬Щٵĺ΢΢ţһһ֮䣬ھޱȵ˵Ĵ̼
һŵָƵ֮¶ĵı飬ֿǰŵĸоھɵİһڿˮҲһҪֵŮǵץúõһĳ嶯뵽ֻʣԼˣеǣԼðȻж練ãھһеǹɳ嶯ѹȥ



102 򳡲١䡱ϣ
ھȻһЦ˶ھĸм֮ԺظŻĶھ΢΢Ժ󣬱ǽĴȸĶȹȹڣ΢΢΢΢̵ȹڣھвɵ΢΢һ
ȹǾһȵĸγһ϶ˣΪڰŻƻҪȥʵ޳Ҳ΢΢ֿŵģԼʱǲǾϣֵŮǵ֮֮µķСķ羰أ뵽Щھ¶˼ֻЦ
ھڵʱ򣬾Ѿ͹֮羰ˣֻűļ͸˯³ھǰʱھһε͵Ƿ˵ķ羰յ˵Ѿο֮ķ羰ˣھΪʲôҪִ˲ƣء
ҪΪһʵ̫ˣټʹһݣʹ壬ھ˵һ־˵ջŮ˵ɢ˵Ϣʹھôֻ֮ķ羰ء
ھãԼڲ֪龰֮£͵֮ķ羰粻Ծִ̼ĸо͵ıھŻ󵨵⣬뵽ھװҪӣĶһ߶ӣھһĵԼĽǶȣʹԼĿÿԴĶȹʹȸ֮γɵĿ϶֮ȥ
Ȼ֪ھǽżĻҪռԼıأΪھʵڸԼأ뵽ھƽ⣬˵ĺø˼֡
ھԺĿҲ֮ͶȹγɵĿ϶֮˽ȥһֵŮǵ֮羰ھǰչ˳ȻõǸλķ羰һѪڵģǵǸλķ羰ʵӡ뵽ھʱŮĻӣȴǽסĵһ
ھ֮ͶȹγɵĿ϶֮УԿõһƬԵİɫɫһۣھôȣҲóƬɫǽİ֮СɫˣĨɫھľΪ֮һ
ڰɫİ֮£ھԵĿõͻӡ뵽ԼͻôĽʵջĹΣھоһĪ궯˵ͻ𣬾ĽʵʺĵıԵӡ
ŻԽԽĨɫӰӣھҲԽԽڵŵʱ֮ķ羰ھǰȫչ˳ھÿ˵ķ羰ĳλҲһӱüӲ
ھ֮֮µĲλƽ̹ǸλãȻСλˣ˿̣С΢΢ͻ˳֮γһ¡¡ôôĳ˵ԣھһ߿˵ķ羰һţԼ棬ԼһʲôĴ̼оˡ
һһµŤ壬ŹԵŻ΢΢¡İɫƶŤƬʺ֭촽Ťӡϵӣ΢΢¡ŤķԽԽھԿõƬɫ룬һۿɼٶȣ˽ȥ
һ֮֮µŷСھǰȫչ˳뵽ԼȻķʽ͵֮羰һ߸ϵĹ˱˵ǿλķ羰ˣǿȣҲϱ˸˵ʵھ־һĴ̼ӿͷִ̼֮£ھѾĸоõȫѪҺԼ弯
ʱھͻȻȵŤŤţҲһӸ˳һ֮¶İɫҲһ˲ҵŤһµŤھѾĸоõһɵĴһ˿ɦִһ˿ķҷϢӷֵŮǵ֮ɢ˳뵽Լı档
֮¶İɫŤھļͬʱҲҵһ£Ĵ̼˵ϢھͻȻһִĸоĴ̼֮£ھĺ޲ܽͷ뵽֮֮µķС棬ȥһ
ܵ˵ĸоĴ̼ھҲ̲סˣԼ仯֮пԸоõԼѾʮֵԼֻĿ壬ԼĴ̼ҲԼûнӴֵŮǵʱԼҪִ̼̼һйˡ
Ϊִ̼ܵĸоھҲֻǶǸط͵͵Ŀ֮羰ˣǣھվһλԺվߣС㣬ҿúõúѽܲܽ̽ء
ھһ˵΢΢һ֮£תͷھھ¶ĳϿҵıԺ󣬵˵ͷֵŮ֪ھ֮˵ֻһڣĿֻҪĳԼĶĻҲ֪᲻Ӧôˬˡ
ܣ㿴ʵܼ򵥵ġ
һˣһ߽ĶҪ콲ھ˼ȻûзĽ֮ϣĿתĶڽŶҪʱԸж΢촽һһϵӣһŵı飬Уȴͬľˡ
Ů촽̫ԸˣģֱǽΣС죬סҵǸһһĻҲ֪Լֶ֧ء
뵽ЩھֻһĳһλƺҲ֪Լ˵Ŀͳ嶯һģȻ£ƺЩȲҪԼ뵽Сȥһġ
˼Ҷ˵Ů˵ǸطҲСĻǸطҲС쿴ͬӣһģȻСúˣ֪СǲҲǺСأţлĻһҪһԵġ
ھһԸеӣС죬һдĹ⡣
ɲ֪ھڴĹ⣬ڽһ鶯ҪԺ󣬽˵ǰһ죬Ҳĵܣˣһ԰ɣҿĶٿǲЩطòλء
ھ˵ͷ˽˹ڳһƣʱھȴԼӹԺ󣬾ȻһƣתԼȥˣ˵ķ徹ȻʧԼǰھͻȻʧ֮£ھԼԼΪʲôҪԼأԼڣԲĶֵŮԵϢĻᶼʧȥˣ뵽Щھô᲻ʧء
ǾʱھȴԼܣģ㿴ֱһ㣬ҪֱΪֻӣٶȺ׼ȷʲŻߵģӵģֱһ㣬ֱһͿˡ
һվھ˵ţһ߽ŶҪ죬ƺǿھԼԺûдﵽԼҪ鼱һģ羹Ȼھĸ첲֮ϣһİھĸ첲һｲ
ھоվԼסԼĸ첲һ㣬ԼɢңھоõһɹɵȵϢ˴Լĺ֮ϣоȵϢԺھвɵ΢΢һҲϾˣǹȵϢɺζˡ
ھòΪվھһҪסھĸ첲ȥָھ˵ƣͱ轫ִھһʹϢ壬ͱþھȻ˵廹ûнӴһ𣬵Ǵһ½֮µķ˵Ե֮ɢϢȴ˴ھĺ֮ϡ
ھоõǹȵϢԽԽҲ˵ţһ½֮µķ˵ԵԼĺ󱳱ԽԽʱԼֻҪ΢Ŵһ㶯ͿԺܵĽӴ
ʶһԺھżֻ¶һ˿ЦΪվھ󣬸Ϳھ¶ĻЦȻҲʶһĩ֪ΣգٽԼˣϸĸھŻҪ졣
ھĽԺͻȻ첲ǰһ죬ڽŵóھʱôһУΪھĸ첲֮ϣھǰһԺ͸оһɴھϴ˹Լ壬ʹԼ鲻Խǰһ塣
;ھܽˣһ֮£͸оһɼʵԼظ֮ϴ˹ȴԼһ½֮µķ˵Ե壬Ϊǰһ壬ھĺ֮ϣּʵĸоɴ˶ġ
ھоԼĺ֮ϴһԵĸо򣬸һĴִ̼̼֮£ھǽԼעһ˲תƵԼĺ֮ϣ嶥Լĺ֮ϸԼˡ
ھоԵĸоñī޷ݵģ͵֮䣬ƺһ˿ļӲо˿ӲԺھ֪һԷ˵ԵﶥԼĺ֮ϸԼĸоˡ
ͼӲȫͬݴʣǴ˿̣ȴĴھĺ֮ϴھھγһĶԱȣʹھоôôˣǸоһȵϢʱھֻãԼȫëƺһ˲䣬˿һġ
ȻھҲ֪ԼһУᵽԺһǻԥ뿪Լģԣڸ첲һþͬʱҲ˶ָʹԼָۼԼĺ֮ϣһԷ˵Ե強Լĺϵһ˲䣬ָȶ˵ϢҲ͸£˴ǰ۵ļ֮ϡ
ȻҲû뵽ھͻȻ佫첲չ˿Լ強ھĺ֮ϣһ֮£ʶľҪƶ壬Լἷھϣ彫ĩ֮ʣȴоһɻޱȵϢʹ˵ĽӴĲλԼ档
ʱ͸оԼůģͬһƬůĺ֮һģָоһ˵ãϢ˳ԼھӴĲλԼȫɢ̼Լ񾭡
ĲλҪһ㣬оǹɻȵϢɢԼȫԺ󣬾ȻļͬһǸ򣬲ǱĵطԼ֮֮µķС졣
ǧĻȵ˿ߣԼ֮ѸٵļѾĸоóֻȵߣӿԼС죬ִ̼ܵֻãԼı΢΢ŵС죬ȴһ˲䣬˿
һͬһĸоܵĴ̼ֻãԼһӱñī޷ݵȻĴӡ
ȵعʱͻȻʶԼԼһ½֮µķ˵Ե嶥ھĺ֮ϵƣǺ˵ģвɵ˼ҪھĽӴ뷨
ͷֻԺ֮һһͷѸٵðһƺд磬Ҫ׵ľͽԼ̧ΪԼԼ̧ԺԼ޷ܵԼȫĸоˣ뵽ЩЩΪ֪ӦǺá
ȦȻˣ˵ھƬ̵ԥԺ󣬾ԼվֱΪãĻھҲԼǸˣǾڷֵŮд⣬ҪվʱȴھС㣬ӵôöԲѽ
ھһ˵вɵ΢΢һɣҪھӴ뷨Ҳһӵ
ΪոҪԼһ½֮µķݼԵھĺ֮ҪΪߵֵģڸоھƺľٶ̽򼼣ʹŮʶΪھûиоԼЩ뷨һðȻʹнߵĸоһӼ࣬ټҲʵЩ᲻ĸоеҪھӴ뷨Żõġ
ԣӣĻӶŸ첲ø첲۾ȴҪһ԰ɡ
һ߸ھŶţһĸоѾоõڵԼŵǧߣѾеԼĴȵĸˡ
ã˿˿ߣͬһֻʵԵĴһģԼĴȸĸţÿһ£Լһ˿Ĵִ̼̼֮£ѾоõԼ֮֮µķСȻ
ִ̼֮ܵ£оȻ֪һ˿Ŀڿڴţ˿˿γɵĴһʵʵĸоܹһ㣬ֱԼС֮ϣԼ˷ܵĸо᲻͵øӵ
ΪĴ̼ҲûзˣûиоھԼĻԺ󣬸첲Ѿھĸ첲Ժ󣬾ʹԼ֣ԼִԼ壬ӶʹãԼҲʼûζ
һʹһ½֮µķ˵Ե壬ھĺ֮ĦѹֻȵϢ̼񾭣ʹֲԾļӴȣʹԼ壬ӵԵھĺ֮ϻζ
ÿζһ£綼о˿˿γɵʵԵֵĸоһЩԼĴȵĸƶţԼ֮֮µķСͦţڣԼСıԵѾԵĸоõһ˿˿ĻȣѾ˽ȥ
оԼС촽һ̣ƺ˷ţһ˿˿ĿˮѾС˳ȻĩµŮȴҲܴԼ仯֮иоԼĿҪ뵽ԼȻ뷨һŵָƵøӵߺ
ھΪԼеעеԼĺ֮ϣҲĸоõ嶥Լ֮ԺԼĸоھоԼĺ֮ԽԽĦǶԷʵ壬Ѿѹ˱ƽ״
ƺһֵԵĸо֮ð˳·岻ܵѹһģҪɢѹھ涥ȥһģʵĵԣھֻƮƮģƶˡ
ֻãԼھÿĦһ£ǻȵϢͻ͸ԼھӴĲλ͸뵽Լ棬Լ֮֮µķС켯ԼСܵĻȵϢѾԽԽ
ôһѽôϢأŪȫģһ˵˷ܣ⾿ôһأָоѽô̼ѽңֻãпģ񣬺һЩʲôһģôĿ飬ôļį⾿һʲôĸоء
һţһΪԼֻܵȵĴ̼Լо鲻ԽԽԽھĺ֮ĦѾԵĿԸоõִ̼֮£ԼҲøӵͣӵ
һĴ̼֮伯ţ̼ĩµŮǵ񾭣ʹŮǵıϢҲڲ֪֮бôھĶȻһ˵ķϡ
ıϢôھоһȵϢ˴ԼĲ֮ϣ̼Լ񾭣ʹԼҲЩĴ̼ʹھƺҲԼֻ罫һ½֮µķ˵ԵԼĺ֮ˣҪһ磬һϢ塣
ԣھʱȴͻȻ뿪壬ǰһת磬ھڵһŵָƵ֮Ѿ¶Ȼɫһ˫ˮĴ۾еĿҲؿżٵĺҵţӣھɵİһڿˮ
˿̵ֳӣʹھֵ֪ŮǣһѾ͸˵ƻһģԼֻҪҧһڣ֭ҺһԼ죬Լһˬ˹ĸоھȴûǿһ˫ˮĴ۾С㣬ôҲղҪ죬еĻʾһ°ɡ
оԼһ½֮µķ˵Եھĺ֮ĦԺ˿˿γɵͬʵԵĴ֣˿ѾȫԼ֮֮µķС֮ϡ
ʵԵĴ֣ʼԼС֮ϸԼСı״ĸоӿͷֵŮֻãԼ֮˵ĸоøӵįͼįĸоѾ뵽˹֮С
ȴû뵽ھڣȴͻȻ뿪Լ壬һֻȵĸоһʧӰǰһֲͬĸоԼγɵľ޴ֵŮʧһ̳
ڿھԼ۾˵Ļһ˿ޱԹĿ⣬ʹˮĴ۾˹ȥĿֳ֮ԹھлһЦŮҪż뿪㲻ΪҪ뿪㣬ΪоӿֵĴ̼ģһͻᵽ뿪㣬жôĿأǺǣҪżһͻᵽҵĺˡ
ɲ֪ھڴĹ⣬ھһ˵ԺȻЩոսԼһ½֮µķ˵ԵھĺϴĸоھĻѾ˵ˣŮǻʲôأԣֻεĽֽӻص
һһƣ罫Ѿӿļįĸоǿиѹȥһһĸھھ˫ֱأЦеĽ⣬ȵ署ˣҲѾںԺھ߽ߣС㣬һĸ첲һô
û뵽ھȻطԼأھһ˵ԺһŵָƵһ죬һ˫ˮĴ۾ҲתţھƺҪھı仯֮УھڸԼ˵仰ʵĺ
ھƺûʲô仯ϿôϣôģھϱϿھʲôԺһĵ˵ͷھһҪԼĸ첲ֻƣӵĻھֻԼӴһ˿ڴ
ոԼԼһ½֮µķ˵Եھĺ֮Ժ󣬴ھĺ֮ɢĻȵϢֵŮѾоһɾ޴Ĵ̼ھֻԼӴһΣ᲻ϴһأ˿˿γɵͬʵһĴԼ֮֮µķС渧Ŀ֣һεӴô᲻ڴء
ӦԼҪھ΢΢һЦѧӣվ˫һһҵĴߴ˹ȥ˫֮ϣھоԼ˷ӴԺ󣬴ɢĩµŮһӱøӵŵɺŵϢھвɵһ
С㣬Ҹоˣԭţžѽ
ھһ߸ԼﴫʪϸĸоһĶ˵ţֵŮˡ
ھ˵껰Ժ󣬲ûнԼ촽ÿǶеĶĲλϵļĴһֻãһĻȵϢ˴Լ۵ļ֮ϣԼһεķڵƺ͸ոյЩһΪԸоõھɢĵԵĻϢ˷ĳԼջ壬оԼȫȻһ˿ůĸо
ԣӵþܣ첲ҪֱҪõӣʹûȥ׼ͷҲŻԶġ
ȻھŪЩ뵽ָоҪԭȴǿеסԼĵĸоһεĸھ
ôѽ
ھѾоõһ紵Ĳϵļ㷢õԼϣһŮеټ㷢Լ˵ϢʹھҲЩΪ˸õ磬ھȴʳĻ
ھĻ粻ɵ΢΢һ㶣ôֻ᲻ԴģԼ֪ԼӦôĽأھһԺڳĬһԺĵܣЩ˵㣬Լúõһ°ɣ
ھȵȻ仰ˣһ˵Ժھǲɵ¶һ˿ĻЦһεĶֵŮǵС㣬˵Ҳ᲻ðɣ㿴ӣһΣôþİɡ
һ˵ţھһַ߽ŵƽ̹ʵС֮ϣʾԶֻˡ
û뵽Լ˵һ仰Ժ󣬾ȻõĽھַŵԼʵС֮ϣһɹɵͳ뵽Լļ֮ڣԼСͺԼ֮֮µķС벻ԶǹɻȵϢ˴ԼС֮ϵͬʱҲԼСоˡ
ǹɻȵϢ뵽ԼС֮ϣоһĴ̼Լִ̼֮泩ָоĴ̼֮£ͻȻоھŵԼС֮ϵ֣ƺûô
ھһ˵ԺʶŤһҪȥʱھȴͻȻĶ˵С㣬һ£΢һ㣬Ķ̫˵ĻҸоôġ
һ˵ţھһ=ƽ̹ʵСĸ
û뵽ھȻ˵Ĵ󵨣ȻĻᣬԼСԼˣһŵָƵһεıߺǴھɢĻȵϢԼСԼС֮ϸŸԼĸоȴʹֵŮǣκεĿܵľٶ
ˣ·ܵھĴһģĽŤľٶʹھ㹻ʱԼ壬ھѾһָֻǲС֮ϸˣھֱһ½֮µķ˵Ե巢˹
ϣھԸоԼѾһ½֮µķ˵ԵԵˣĸоôȴִһ˿ӲϢھȻ֪˿ӲԼĸоˡ
о͵Ժھһʱ𣬾Ȼ΢΢һþʹԼֱһ½֮µķ˵Ե֮ϼѹһ£·о˵ĲһģŬھֱ֮ţɢ˵ĵԣҪھɫָ



103 򳡲١䡱£
һֵȵĸоͱøӵܵĴ̼Ժھӵ˷һֻҲŵС֮ϣĸҲ૵ĵС㣬㲻ҪңӦò֪⾢ôˣ㲻Ҫٿһ¡
籾͸оˣھֱԼһ½֮µķ˵ԵıԵһＷѹĩµŮôܵѽоھĻԺʶľҪҪھָȥ
һԼҲоھִһ˿ζĸԼܵһ˵ãھʱ˵Ļ·һӸԼҵ˿ھԼϸŵһģھһ˵ԺҪܾھͷǾվھԼഺϢ
ھȻҲ֪ƾԼڵľٶѾȫĳҪѧķΧˣǵʱȴûаֵľܾԼ˼ʹھ֪ԼĻˣһַֻС֮ԺһεĸֻǺıԵӴֻ֣ҲԽԽȻԼֱϼѹţǼѹķΧѾĴ֮ϡ
ھоڵͬԼ§˻һģԼһ½֮µķ˵ԵţԼȴܸܵഺϢɢȵϢҲŵŮǵ㣬뵽ԼôľܵŮǵ壬ھӵ˷ĳһλҲøӵļӲ
ͻȻ䣬籾ŵ΢΢һȴԭھڸоԼѾޱȵļӲԺ󣬹ĽԼ嶥һڶȹ֮µķ˵Ե֮ϣȻûгԹ⣬ȴ·ģоԼ֮ͻȻ䶥һԺϾʶʲôˣĩµŮܵһУôܲ彩Ӳء
һ֮£΢΢ǰһ㣬ھȴѾоͼһģҲǰһЩʹԼļӲȵ壬ʼǺһڶȹ֮µķ˵ԵνӴ
ˣھڸоԼ˹ݵ֮絽ƺûйݵľܾԼ˼ҲøʼһһµͦʹԼļӲȵ壬ʼһڶȹ֮µķ˵Ե֮϶ײ
ھоԼֻҪǰһڶȹ֮µΣ·ЩһģϾ˽ȥʹԼĶ˾ͬһƬůĺһģԼֻҪһʺȴƺֲִ̼ĸоһģϾͷ˻ʹԼʼպ強ѹһĸоñī޷ݵģҲֻھԼˡ
оھļӲȵһһµԼڶȹ֮µķ˵Ե֮϶ײԺ˵Ϣøÿײһ£Լһ쳣쳣Ĵ̼ĸоָоûиԼȫڶֿʼˣָоԼĻţʹҲҪܾھԽԽݵ뷨ˡ
ھѾԽԽһֱֻֻһ½֮µķ˵Եϼѹŵ֣Ҳ˹ƶŵ֮ϣ︧ţﴫĵԶĸоʹھ̫Ҫץ˵СӣúõһھҲ֪ֻһĩµŮԼֱ̫˵ĻһŻֵŮǵģԼĺжǲģھŻǿеĿԼĳ嶯ֻǼ֮ϸš
ͬʱھһֻҲûţʼµ°ڣ·֮˹ȥһԽԽݵľٶھһ૵ĵС㣬Ӹ·᲻ôѽһԿܲᵽôģ
뵽Լ·ԺĽӴʹԸӵԵĸоõھɢԼĶĻȵϢִ̼֮£粻ɵһﲻķһھԼΪΪ
о绹û˿ķľٶھΪ֣Ѿ֪ԼԳֵŮǵʱˣھŮˣһҪϣûҲҪϵģԼΪΪ״̬Ѿ˳ھôŹѵõĻء
£ھһ߼ԼļӲȵһڶȹ֮µķ˵Ե֮϶ײţһȴĽ¸ԽԽߣԽԽߣֱ£õ˷ʵ֮Ժ󣬲ֹͣ˶·ö˫һֻ־ͬŵһģһ֮µķ˵Ե֮ϡ
ĩµŮôܵѽ뵽Լ˶ʮСӣȻѾһİ˵ƺ⻹ֹˣķоͲɵһ˿⣬ͬʱĩµŮҲЩھֻԼԼоһǰĩеĿ֣Լķʵ֮϶ײŵ壬뵽Լ֮֮µķСԺֻԼһʲôĸоء
Ϊ뷨ֻãԼվ壬ڣҲѾĵھĻˣ˿̵绹ŤʹԼڶȹ֮µķ˵ԵΣھļӲȵĦ
С㣬Сĺˣð׺ûѽĺϲѽ
ƺоԼ֮£ѾûһģھͻȻ¶ԼıĿˣ˵ھͻȻһգһ½֮µķ˵Ե֮صһ¡
û뵽ھȻԼǰ˵¶ǵĻˣһʱ䲻ɵߵͨ죬ԼЩֵǣھԽԽֵԼûоᣬһ˿ϲһģ֮֮µķС棬˿˿ˮ˳
ھʱƺѾֻǸ·ķ˵Ե֮ϸˣǽһֻֽ˳쵽Ķȹȹ֮ϣöţһֻ֣뵽֮ڣˡ
絽ڣϢҲЩ˴һഺϢһģĵھĻһ˫ˮĴ۾УߵĿ⿪ʼʧȡ֮ȴһ˿˷ܺͿƺڿţھԼܹپһЩԼᵽĿ֣ҲͻһЩˡ
ھƺѾоֵŮǵҪһģһһֻ壬һ߶С㣬оûУ֮϶ŵʲôѽһպ˵ĸ߶ѽ
˵ھһһεĽԼļӲȵ֮صĶһ¡
ھԼˣ粻ɵзһ֮鲻ԽŤһ£ȴûлشھĻھûлشԼĻɵĻһεһͦ壬һڶȹ֮µķ˵Ե֮϶һ¡
оھһ¶ײκһ¶Ҫصöּ࣬ӲȵϢͻȻһ̴ָ˵ĸооһԺͻȻһͻȻǰһھôõͻȻľٶѽһ֮£ȻԼĻ
ھЩʧʱͻȻתһ˫ˮĴ۾Ҳ·ҪγˮһĿھھ翴һʱͻȻǰһ壬ͶһģԼ˵ԵͶ뵽ھĻ
罫Ͷ뵽ھĻԺ󣬲ͣŤ壬ͬʱһ˫ˮĴ۾˷ܺͿĿھھԺ󣬲ɵֵüҪЦȻֵ֪Ůǣ˿ѾԼڵֻΪĩ£֪ôҪԲŻ¶һĿԼġ
뵽˵׵ľ͸ԼˣھֵüҪЦһ˫ֽ§סһ˵Ե壬ĵָƵ֮һԺھĵС㣬Ҫôھòá
ھһ˵Ȼоһ⣬֮֮µķСﴫĸоȴʹ÷ֵŮǹ˲ýߣھĻԺæ˵ͷһ˼´ս߶ݵĻطСѾĽñ˹ȻĻ˵Ĵսǵڸ˽ֱֳô
磬㷢ֱֳɼˣû٣㷢ɢڼͷԵøƮݶˣһŶ쵰ϼӨ͸ޱȵѪɫɽһüһ˫ƿɿ͸ĵĿֱͦԵţ۵ӣ֮£ȥӢаɷԳᣬӣ·һ룬Ůһ˲ұӵУ޵ģһ覵ס
޳ĸ޳ھһ˻СֻСè˳ھĻС
͡͡
ķھͻȻͽЦ뵽ʲôЦƵġھĿЦʲô
Ǻ죬Цܣ̫ˣһΪǸأȴû뵽㾹ȻҲɫģովȻңͻȻޡԡ󡪡
˵˵ţԼ̲סЦ
ðЦңô㣿
ھŭȥɦһ߿ĽЦţһ߰ڶھ͵ϮּھֲǰʵĲλɲǼоھ綼һ
ھֻйɵĸоָһӴȫҲһӱüȻھѾֹһεԽ壬ȴƺûд˿̵ĸоңھƵĴһţ·ץ
š
罿һǵͨ죬ҧӣ΢ţϲˮĴ۾ھһۺɬޱȵıˡ
˫ַھļ΢΢״ͦøˣھֵµж硣˵ƽ⣬ھͷڵһ±ˣھץ·°һͽͬķɫ¸Ƿһӳھǰ
ȻھѾǵһοǰĴ⣬ǽؼھһӿֱۡһͷ˫֮䣬ھ۾ĺĴŮ㡣
ѽ
һ˫ֱסھͷѹǰҲͬʱҵĲû˿ֹ˼෴˫ָĽھͷѹأͬʱ޵Ҳƻӣ˳
ĽھĶУھһ˷ܣҲ˷ӳھİ֮£ĽҲҵĲҲùķӦھȻǶۻھ֪ĴӴѾԼھаϲеش
šܡˡҽɡҲ
ϾδµĴӣܵھֵַڽסеҧھĶ使ھͶϾֻǲݵأ绹Ƿǳɬġ
ھһϲǻ첻ţҪߢ使ޱȵʻˡסеĿϲ򳡳ͷһƬƧ֮ȥ罿ƻհϲھ˵ཿжཿġ
ԺھĴ۾Գϵ˵磬Ұ㡭
һ̣ھֻһ
ܣҲ㡭
綨ھˮĴ۾ǧ飬·Ҫھۻһ㡣һеﶼǶ࣬ھӵһҵһ
һǹǵͷһǲ֪ƣ˱˫ҲİѶԷ§ԼҪѶԷڽԼƵġ֪֮䣬֮ܵҲǵԽԽѾˡ
֪˭ھӵ˲ݵϣѾЩԣСھ˿ھĵĵܣҰɡ
ҿó㻹ܸɾտʼеʹŵ㡭
ھ˫޳Լ䡭磬𣿡
֮߳罿ھĻھӵ
ھת˸ƲסԽԽʣ˫Сʹȡѩ׵壬ڽļǡ
§粻ͣţȻƵʵĴݵϣԼҲȥʱݵϵھһ˿ҡھ§ҵţ鷿ھظļѹĥ緢˼ϸ
ھԳʺ⣬ſ˫м䣬һ˫ĵĴۿھǸֳִֺϵĴͷۣŭŶëѻѻëףСȣͷ͹͹ģһִ򾣬ڹͷδˣ翴͹̾⾶ϣӲйͷбọ̈̄Ѽ壬ͻȻһůСѣִӻ
Ļ׼ھ̰ͣزƬʺۡС̼ĺ⣬¶ԽԽãͷܹڱڣĽʶĻңޱȣͻȻھһͷסСˣݾ˱ĥȫǵץͣĻζǻֱϵļӲ̵һξ졣
ǹԵζӴ̼۾һһ£СһһϵŪھĴһһǵģھͷСﲻʱ丵峹͸ճҺֱܿ۵С˱һɶβѹһɹ֭ӻڳǹ˷ĥֻǴһ²뾡ףܵļɷҧ˫ȭȣŤΡͷĳڿз裬Сһʢĺɽ裬˫Ƚգü΢壬󷢳첻һ˫ۣһ˫ȣҲʹˣѹھϡ
ֻھ۾ǹͷ׳졣ԼĻ꣬˳һգǻȵ롣
ǡǡ
ھĴ뻨ʱɫҲеף㺹£ҧأȫֻԼĻһպµĽǵȫˬ֣顢ᡢζҪʹ죬жʹ죬ִĹͷڻһһʱ򣬿ٵĥ⣬ôĿа
ӴҵӴˬ
Ť֫תƨɣھҲ˫鷿ʺͷѴСۣʹ˰֡
ھʹͦƨɣһһֲһ೤ Ӵһ㣬ӹˡһļˣˣ˼ˡ
Ӵ
ھԽԽԽԽ񣬵ͷһ´绨ʱ鲻Խ˽ϰھ§ȫ鴤Ҳ͸ˡĽвݵھβ»ԽԽ϶ѹĬĽ׼ȷĴƨƴŤԽԽԽԽԾ˱ͷͷײģھҲ󺰴
ҶסˡҲСˡҪˡ
δ꣬Һעˮ˵ëʪܵģҲƣѹھˡ
ھעԽ磬˵ǿһСһУһ´̼ھĸйۣǲĽֱŴۣ߶µشӲݵվھһٴ˵ֻ硰һһ𡭡һֻ۽ھĲһֻС֣һһ߬סھǸֳִ׳ĴоˣϵڼҵסµͷСһֽ߬Ūš
Сֵھ裬ھȻ˿һ̵ֹС淭ڡһ˸һˣһĻһˡѵؽӲƣ˳ǹ⻬ļ¸˳ŷƨɹȥһɹճҺ֮󻬡ָ˳ƶ룬Ū͹͹ǵˡ
ٴηšޡ
޷ַĴ̼һͨ񾭵ĵϵѹ١ֻһ˫ȹڲݵ˫ھִ̳Ի㳦һһ¡˱һ丵̵ľҺȳһ뱻ȥ
ھ绹󶯣ĴСϪһ֭ھԼڶθ߳٣ֻھƵ˫һУڲݵϣһԾ˫м䡣˫ȭһڵֱȫ׳ͨ˵һȻ̧˰˶ȡǹգ׼ճʪԴڣһ̡ͦһĴٴֱһž㵸غ
ˡ
ھ类Һ翴ھŨüһͬʱӿǵͷеյøҸรͬʱԷĲ§һɳƵؿǡ͵ؽĿУھ˱ͬʱּӿٶȣһһٶ£ֱֱͲ塭ĽӴнţֻϢŲݵذġ֨ѽĲݵء
׼ãٲһ¡
มǡมˬˡ
˽Уһһ֫Ťڡ
ʱھ§磬һ˸յ˷λְѹ˵£缱еصȴ޸ֻǴԴһŴһµסʺͷסظһҡԴһʹ˱˱ֻֻ˱ֻֻµĴҲͬһĽ£ϵĳĻꡭӴӴܡˡˡҡȥˡ
һɹɰҺ˳ھ˳ƨɹ¼ھֽڸ߳ͻȻסԸһ˲ĴϢᡣ
ۣ죬ڵشϢţظȫͣس鴤ӴӴӴӴ𽥵΢
ʱھʱˣʼжˡ˫˫Ϻҵˣͦͷ˫ֵʳָָĴָסһֻͷŪҲ壬ٶȲ죬нࡣ
ǰצĵĴ̼ոջһЩֻͷʼɧһ飬ţ£ȫÿһ񾭣ʹѪҺʱͲƽ˱ꡭھ˫ͬʱʼ٣ȫֵ֬ǰҲһڻʮ£ֻʪˮ
Ĵ̼ԳܵģйˣھҲ̲סˣһȵľҺڶĻ»֮ҹμ绹ûʹھˡھŪǰɫ壬ֻ۱˫飬ͦ޳ʵ˫ȣԲ⻬ηʻԲСƽ̹ʵͶ֮ʣҰԴԣβʤգ˼
ԼĶŪ£нʱʱСɵ΢ŵӣݷʮּһ㣬ļϸϸĺ飬ԵþӨϸ߰ڶӭԼİԲֱ޳ȣһһϵĻвƺĿС
⸱󣬿ھ𣬿ٶȻͦһſڣ΢ŵӣһͷľһֻۻһ˱Ϯ̼ھģץסֲԾļǸʵغݺָ꣬Դڣֻھָᴩ¸ǹ֡ᡢĿζ˵һʱ֮䣬Ȼ᲻÷ͦ͵ĳ嶯һ鱥ĳʵУʱٴеĿ飬еĵ¡ǶȻȥֻ׷̲סɱдһߣƺ˵޾㡣
߿ӣ࣬ʵ۵飬ָضڲʪյƣһ˵ˬУھ˷ܣضڵָʼĳڣֻضŵ㣬ڽ֮һָ˵ھвɵ˷ܿУƷǼƷѡһıꡱϳĶɵüӿ죬ްУɲͣɸӭھĳ塭뿪ӣ˳ѩ׵һ·ӳеǸʵأֻԭֵĵ缺Ѫھ̲סſһںס飬Ӥ˱ʱͷŷۺɫٿ£ʱҧССĶޢָͣұǰٴУ̲סĺֱС
˳ƽ̹Сһ·£ھŶԴʥٴչƣھ˴ֲڵͷǻԲֱĴڲ£ȫһһһһϵ˱ھָ˵ھָʱ绹̧Σ᲻뿪ƵģѾȫȫԨ
Ƿ󻬵壬ŤƵ㶯ھ壬ֻ̵̬ʰʱ鱻ҪƣԴûʧɢᡢ顢ʹһ˿ƮУ
Ƿ۵޳ȣȲסķ߶˺һףھ˫ȸ߾ǰѹһԴںͺͥľջñ¶ھǰǣͨ졣
ھ˿类ǰԵͷת򣬽β߸̧ϸĴԼμ۵˽ֻԴѾ˿¶ɫǿŽεķۺɫޢŤһһϻ£ݷڴʲôƵģһȪ˳Źɹ±̼ھֱˮ˳
ھ˫֣ǻԲ̵ͦķμʵ۵ĴȲסߣֱ绺ŤѩΣھ̲סԲΣһ죬סԴڣһ˱׻ݷȫ˳һ㣬һţһȻھͷƽذ类ھĵȻڸھǰС⣬ʱߵޢ˫Ŀգﻹ˵óھȻͷݴ͸أСΪñΪƺԱлɣ
һ˵꣬ͷʪܵضڼɹͣ£һдĸоһѾ޴㣬ʹŤѩ׵Σ˵𡭡š
ôһ˵ھֽ֣ץס䣬ƶֺһͷͣضڼɹ䲻סߣʱסǷۺɫĶޢ˱ͷ£ͷضڲͣĽʱƵǵɫľջٴǣһɵɧζ㣬˵ζ١̼ھӿңеĶԾļӿ
ھϵ£вסϮԺټϺͥľջܵһ߲д泩ĿУаpޱȣԾٴҪŤھץ˫֣ܹ֣һɳɬ͸УеѣеĽĿʴǵĶ˽ھ˷Īûõʱ䣬ٶȡ
һУȫһ󼱶֭ٶȿӿ̱࣬һƬհףֻʣһŨǵĴϢͣĴӿڱд
ۿٶйھȡһʪȽԼϵҺ֭øɾȻΪ羻ڰе磬ֻһʸлȫһ޵뽿ġ
ھطϣٶ΢ŵӣ˫ֽھľĲھһ˫ߵĽ飬ĥ׳أҰڶԴʵ̧ѩ׵˫ȿޣټסھţ۷Σڼתھҹƣ޲ǡôھʵ࣬ķʳָڷ嶥ٲסڸ߳е磬ʱȫ쳣ھ֮£ٶȸһУſӣڣھֵͷľһָǽھıϣǲͣḧš
ۼȫȫڣھϿеĶӵĿԼԹ˰ʱ䣬ھдĽٶȼһ˫޳ȸǽļвھ֮䣬ϸסͦƺǻ𣬿ضǲסĥھ̴ַʵӲͦھ֮£ǵٴμھȻֹͣϵĶ
ھٴβĻ꿪ʼ壬ֻھĳͣβͣɸӭϣžžײŰ֮춶ĵĻھӵĿ񱩣ģھĻڴؿҳۣ缸񣬿вͣĽţ̫ˡ١Ŷԡ̫ˡ֡ˡˡҲˡ
ͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵С
˾Ľţɲʱһתȫסĳ鴤ھֻһתļвſеھʣæĵסѨⲻͣĥתת纹ëֱݷ˾⣬һļУһ̵ĺӿ̵ھסй磬̱ڲݵϲͣĽţ˫ոһ޵ĺƣԲס΢΢Ҳ޷ֺھľҺͬʱҲעĻ
˼лŮ֮ھڲݵ֮ϣڴڵĴŴζŸոһĻԼľ޴Ĵֵ̼ŮǣǸŮһǸĩµŮھŸոԼӲȵ뵽֮֮µķСʱĽխȵĸо֪ԼǼ˱ˡ



104 Ů̺
ĳζھĺֶһԱмϷģԾûѰؼǡ
ʱھ˾һλԱ̺ˣеһ䷿䡣
̺1968917رӰŮԱ֣ҵѧԺ赸ϵ
1989ѡС㲢ھȦݡ񳯡Ѳӡֺ顷Ϻһľšɺ롷Ұ㡷ӰӾ磬˲Ƭ硶ʮ̡ȡ
ʱ̺粻ʮ꣬Ůʱ̺Ȼ֪λϰĵ˼ȻԸҲֻܽܣ
䲻󣬹ߴӷΨһһȴսĹЩ谵Źܿڷһǰڷһ·¼ܣĴϾһ毺õӰ
ԼŮѾȺʱˡ
ھ˿ĭǸӰȥ磬ˣ
ھǾŵԱߣһĿǰŮ˵Ȼз
Ѿʮ̺磬ϰĻ岻زһ£תͷŬƽĿǰӢˣ˵ܳʱˡ
ھ۾һÿο̺оһֳ嶯˵ҶüˮĴ۾СɵıӣһźС죬ھţүǲôĸ͵ҾԲκλġ
ھ壬Ů˵ɫԵĿţһ˿ϸϸĿˮ
ھЦһѳ̺·Ů˵һѩ׵鷿̳ǰ У̺綼ֵطǳԹԵ˵Ķ˵Ĵֱʱ̺廹ǲɵһ£ܿͲˣĬĬھŪԼ塣
Ҳ֪˾ҵҿ԰ĳɹҲʱǣҲֻο㡣
ھһ˵һڴϣ̺ƽԼϣ÷Լܡ
˿̵̺Ĭ˵ĶľżƾŪš
ΪһŮ˵ĸ֣ھܺõؿסԼĵ׵ظŮ˵زŮѩ׵鷿Լб״ھгСͷſڽһۺͷУͬʱһַֻֿ̺ǽյ˫ȣȻȥ
ھָ̺ܿ٣һָᲦŪŮɲëһָʼŪŰɫڣ磬ˣô𣿡
̺ĬĬı۾첻˵гʹ࣬ԼΪʲôǸŮˣԼΪοƲסԼ壬ǸصŮˣⱲֻԼİ˿Լ壬ȺüҾ͹˾ϰ嶼ŪһйĹߡԼ屻ŪţǲӦиоģȴ˿˿ĸо崫ȫԾŤ壬ĵ׷ŸĿ֡
ھָѾմ˴̺ˮķſ˻еŮˣվ磬ղźɣڸҷˣ
Ѿǵһηˣ̺֪ھҪʲôȻΥ˵Ըֱ壬ֻ֣ھĶ̿£Ǹںľþսļʹ¶˳̺ĵڻ飬Ϊÿᱻ˼ϵζ޹£ֻǲɵס֧׳ͦεļԥš
㻹ڵʲôѵҪҷƢ𣿡
ھ۾Ѿðˣȴûио̺Ķɵ۾ŭŮˡ
̺ίرԼ۾ĽëĶţΪʲô׽ŪԼ
̺ᣬſ죬ŽھļͺͷŪ˵Ĺͷ
Ŷ
ھﵽԼĿģ۾ֻץס̺ļŬʹԼ壬ֻҪҵĻҾͲ㣬һᾡలһЩƬӡͷİɣ
ھ˵ȴֿ˻Ů̫öԸˣֻҪҪЮûκˡ˵Ҫлϸ̵úð
£ھļ̺Ŭرøִˡ
̺ķˣ㱻ץУһֻ쵽ھǰŪھһͷһֻסǰ׶ţͷ˼͵ÿһ䣬Ǳǳ糤ļͱֱĶĿǻ̺Щ͸̲ס³˼ʹ˿ȴûͣմ˿ˮļͷǳ⻬



105 ̺
ǰ̺оԼѾȫʪˣһɴӹͷɢɦѳֲסԼ壬Լ屻ǰļ͹ᴩ
ھ΢΢ţоԼȼգһ˽һˣ͵ؽԼļͳֲ̺֣סˡ
ھֱĽ̺ƵڴϣȻԼѹ壬ֿŮ˵˫ȣַż̺ůČǻ
ѽ
̺̲סһ˽УоһȵĶԼ壬̵ԼǳԶķֿ˫ȼסھʹ˵һ
̺磬ҵŮˣԺҪúúһ𡭡
ھҧס˴ŮĶ޳ĲӴůҪסˣⱲΨһˣСѨֻܱһ˵Ĵ󼦰Ͳ壡
硭СѨǼƷֽխеһռ䶼ûС
ھġһ̺ֽ͵խСѨСھỨǴŮ΢΢Ըк촽ͷƽĿŪšһ˫ڴŮ޹ǡһ˿ҵĽѩ׵ϸ
ھһʱ䲢ûмڳ鶯ֻԼСֵܱŮѨʪ޵˱쳣ĶѨһһ⻷һ㣬Сֵܲȥ󣬺Ʊ⻷סһ㡣
ھһ˿ĪаЦݣȻͼ̺Ѩֵܰγ룬԰Ѵͷ档
ھԼСֵܣͷ˵Ѩڣڼٲһֱ嵽ÿβ嵽ʱŮĽ鴤һ£ز˼ʮºѾ˫Ŀ룬Ҳ
̺ļҪˣֻƴҡףͷɢڴϡﾹȻʼϹҡѹ
̺ѾֲڵǿֻѹˣһƬҡ
̺İҺѷ죬ھ£̷ˡ󣡹󣡡
ǳ˷ܵ
ھ͵ͬʱҲûȴŮ˵һȻ̺ӣԼͷŮ౳ĸһǶԸķ顣
µսʹú괺̺еǳ泩ȫһԼڵĴ䶯¸һһӿʹ̺粻ܵ˳ܡŶ
İ˵ȺӲĴ󼦰ͽԼĽ̺࣬粻һ˷Ҹٴֺ첻
ھһСʱ̺ҽˬױȣڣоһǰδеĶ㼴ھĶǿңҲ쵽ﶥ㣬̺䲻֪ǾǸ߳ĸоȴԵıԤ⣬۷ʱĸоУģɵ黳硭Ϲݺݵءݺݵذȥ࡭ɼΡ뼸ζСҡҡξáһһ̺㡭Ϊֹ
ھ̺жʱΪ˷ܴ̼оؼʧأ֪Լ侫ڼǺޱʵСͣײŴŮ̺ѩ׵ĳ𣬷žžһĿ֮ȫСֵϣһ嵽ףӲĹͷͷһݺݵĳ̺ʺѨѨȻɽ緢һ㣬ȹ̵ɫҺ䵽̺罿۵ϣ漴̺Ѩ˲ʱһ鴤һɹ廬Ҳӭ˳ȫžȫһ̱ȥ
侫֮ھſ̺ϣ˷һЦھȥ̺粻סԸк촽ͷ˽ȥȡ̺ҲػӦͷзǵĲڷһһ봲彻ӵֺУ˶ľй֮ȫֻ̱̺ٷսھ˿ҲᱡŮĻ˵ˣֻڴϣδϢƽ
̺绹ؽֻ̱߳ؼǶԻԲͦΡΡһź޵Сסźϣ룬ۼճ졣ȫ㺹죬ͷƵں㷢ҲСϻһ˿˿˵Ĵ⣬κ



106¡Ԫʺ󡱽
̺类֮ڴӲԸԸھŮˣھûĹƬϽѾܲˣ
̺ڻмϷҪģҲûгѰؼǡ
ʱѶ˾ֲ칫ڡ
һϡ
ϰ壬˾ǩԼ˼Աǵϡ
ھ˵ͷϿ˿ֻмʵԱھȫûȤмھȴ˲۾
ǼֱǣɡڡͮuꡢˡҦ
⼸ȦĴŮ
ھ£۾˵ҽһǵ𣿡
˵ͷ˵ɺͽڶǴ½ŮǣǸСˣǹ˾ûѶǩԼˣǸոմӱӰѧԺҵɵҲǩԼˡͮǳµһλųƬλҲǩˡҦߵˣʱǩԼѶ꣬ϢӰģȴΪͶʹƱڽг˺ܶǮֻüϷ
Ŷ
ھٺһЦ˵Ҿʹӽְɡ
ŶܣǽҽӴɾĺܣӦò
ԥһ˵
ﻹ˰ɣ
ھ΢Ц
˵ͷ˵ﻹϸĸ
Ȼˡ֪ˣ
ھһЦ⡭
Ժ󣬽ڳھİ칫
ʱĽھϣ紵ޡϸü峺ͦıԸеӣ͹Ķͷǡôļһ崿׵ϣں˳㷢һ׵ԺԽгŮġһɫѩȹعճߣ˿ʵȹܱظʣѩ׵ĵԼɼϥȹµ˫Ű͸ɫ˿޳ȣӨѩסԸжˣϴһ˫ۺɫϸ߸ЬһׯŲʳ˼̻ĵӣʱ˿ڶ³칫㶷
ʱھ˽һʱ۾ܣˣ
С㣬ڵ𣿸ղЩԵˣ˼õˣ
ھһ˵һ߿ʼµĽ崿׵
Ȼܸо˴һ۾ϴתѩ׵ȹƵģ֪Ͳ·ˡѵԼвͼСģҪСġ
ҪСѣҵԸЧ͡
һ˵ţǸߴʼڣϢѾ絽ˡ
ˡ
ааЦݣĸе󱳷ˣƹһܲ׷ſȥɡ
Ǿƹһ˲䣬һֻƤЬպáҵĸ߸ЬϣͻȻʧýȫǰҪʹʯܽӴˡʱһֻı۰סϸĸ첲͵ĻקĻ
Ϊţ˫պСڶԷϣٵĴϢţȹΪһԵЩҡڴصȺھãνǼĵϣȻ˵ܶĵźէ֮ĽźʹղŲȴˣǰҽԺһĻŴǸŵĽӰźµĽݣɫôĲ԰ףڵ۾ֿʼģʪˡ
ܣͻȻεݲѾѪڣڼеҽԺ޲ߣ˵տһҩֲļ۸ʵ̫ۿϢٳϦ˾˸ҡֻܰңϣܾȾ裬ˣ
ȻؼھĽ£С㡣˵
ھæѽڷһжļƻýڵĸȾϲ֢֮Ȼ󡭡ٺ١
ܣ֪ЩǿѣǣҲĿʹŵˡ
˵
ѽ˾ܲ滨ġھͷæǿԣ
˫𣬸첲ϡ
ȻҲװҪܵǮЩ͵ʱܵģԸԼ˾һѸ˾ĵӰĵӾ磬Ĺ档
Ϊھ᲻Ǯ
СˣĳȻæСǮҪǡ
еߣڲŷԼ켱æѩȹѾˮʪǰصĲֹճԼزΧ
ھϸĴڽ촩˼ɫ˿ʵĵ¶£鹵֣ѩȹгϸΣ͸ɫ˿༰߸Ьչֳ޳ȣ󷽵飬˵ķɣ˵ĸо֪ӫĻϵĺٱаޣǸ˼ﰡæ˫ֻأҲԾĺһҪǳ֮ΣұΪһеΪ꣬û뵽ЩΪʵļһ֮ѣ
µ뷨̲סƿڴʹҲѪš
СȻǱѩһ͸
ھûǸˣʲô鶼ƽסֻҪСҵˣôСԿǿǣʱȺСĵ绰ȺСԼ
Ȼȥ
ھĺϲڣھжصĶʣĸ߹壬ɷ֮ͣĮвϢ顣˵ǾǹװϷĵһŮǰݵĵڶΣʵ̫ˡ
ʱ˿̣ɬѾýڵǵͨˣǺҪһҪ̫ˣԲԼԻȡǽڵ׼򣬼ʹǸĸҲǿϲ顣
ȵսסľƵ귿ڣгεĸ߽űʢǳɫĵҺ壬ĿžСһеʱһܡ
ڸоԼȺżĸеѡΪԭʲô⣬һӶԭԼģ
һ¶ǣ¾ƱϵŵƿЩҡεߵĴ¾ǰ˯µĵٲ㻬䵽űߡ
ڼǴЩµģһԱԲ鷿˳DֱǼʹûİҲԽͦΪϲ˶ΣСûһ˿׹⣬޳űֱ
ѾϷ˷ۺıɴѾ˫۴ƽûе飬ƽｯھԼԲ֥ӳŮѷɫκǱ򣬵Ρ
ڸеʼϳ壬ԽԽʹߵֻб桭
ɣ


107 Ϊĸף׳壨ϣ
һϴ֮һ˵˳˴¾Уںڵҹɫ˳ڼϣԴ˿ǳɫ¹ճߣŵķ۰ɫϥȹϵĻͼʣֱ⻬Сȸɫ˿࣬ɫĸ߸Ьýڱ͸ĸͦΡ
ʩۣĴ꽿Σڶϼϰ׽׹һжˡϮԼòǺĵģȴҪȥҧݣóĵ绰ͨھֻ
ٴβİ칫ңǸźɫֹװĻαϣеĿȻ绰ڿʼʲô˶ʲô绰Ҫӽ
µ绰ھ˸ḡĿڣ˵СȻǹɫ㣬޶˰㼴ʹϷ⣬Ҳһ崿ײʳ˼̻Ůһ˳ǣٹ˹ģ
ȥᱡԼ侲ش𣺡ллܵĿ佱ֻϣǸŵľӡ
Ȼ
ھӣӰ칫óһıݸһⶩõ飬С㿴ͬĻǩ
𣿽ڵĵ׿ЦһȻдǣ˽ԸԼ׸ھⱲӣĶκ飬ھ죬ʼΪСʵʩֱȬ
ֻǰмĸֹҪءϵĸֱʣٵǩԼ֣Ȼ󽻻
ţþ尡ŮĲŮ
ھĵĵ٩ڿʼٴλ칫ң˴ߵİ칫⣬ΨһļҾֻжĴɳѵĳξҪط𣿽ڸеĪıǩԼֵǿ֪ѾԼˡ
С©˵ʲô
ţھĻεľ˻ʵûǩ°
ָǩ˵
û˽£ҪָĤ𣿡
׳գôܴôȫĶֲǩͬ
ô鷳
ھҡָ¶ЦݣڸеЩСĴӡˡ

һ˵ʲôڿЦ𣿿ǿ񣬽ֻǩõ飬ǩ·ʵЩѿǼȻѾʲôأڣ
ԸԼ촽ӡȥ
ЩӵİÿļѾһ챥ĴͣСɫǣ߼Ʀåӵܡ
ﰵʱͻȻǸߴӰѾǰ
ھһ˽ϸ֫ԵĴӡ޵Ĵ꣬Ĵָʳָס򦣬رɿյ˫Ŀǻ뽯ڵĶСл㿪ͷ̴ĴߣԵϢĿڱǼ䡣
ƿھ˱СĶ˸еģ·ƶһ㣬ֻǸоȱ
С
૵ţΪʲôһǾͿͷת޻һҪϢˡ
оҪ˵ʱھ뿪촽еջȣڵĴû뵽С㻹Ϊ±ųأ¸ж
Ц԰ȻЦдȥĳ嶯
ûأڸоͰ׸Ľѧˡ
˲󣬽ӲĴʵﻹһ˿ֵüĳǾĶˡ
ŶװѧûнڽʱôñӻҸղŲһŮء
ھϷʵ˵
㡭
ҴԵĽֻܶСɫŭĿӡ
û뵽ҲĺÿˣװС㣬»ɡ
ھЦŻӹ

Щɶͷԣʲô˼
ӣھɨȫ˵ҪҿοԼʲôӵİɣ鷳ǵĽСҴ򿪰װɣ
˼½ɣȻѾԼǧٱ飬Ƕ㲻ģµͷڻ޷ܡڽȴε裬һ˿촽סźɫɳ
ɫĸ߸ķڱϣɳϱԵż⣬Ӵȸɫ˿࣬¶޳ȱɫ΢΢˫ֽ⿪ԼµŦۣڸ뱳ȥľ棬С㣬ҪҶﲻĻȨ˻Ŷ
ֻõͷھȵע£չʾԼ°ɫ˿º͵׿㣬ɫĳºͷۺĶȹѾɳϣôŰĿ⿴˶һۣǿֻе
ûа취ֻһֻֽ⿪ֵŦۣһֺֻỤǰȻֻԼڸס˽ܴ
ڸеԼѾȵĿˣʮû߹
С㣬û뵽ôջ˰˸Ŀռ䣬ѹεôİ𪶯ˣ޳˫֮صǴѾָˡ㲻б೬׵ʣͬʱҲԸкջʰ
ھָңָƷ塣
ڵһα裬߳ŭ䣬һŭײͷſ˫ۣԼصչʾ۵ףģôЭߣҪôҡ
С㣬㲻ҪֻѾҵ塣Э𣿡
ھ۴ĵ⣬ҿɲڰ칫õڣСӦò⴩Ǽ˵۵ҷͰɡ
ľٶڸоŪ˵뷨
ɫ۵ʱھһ´סˣڹЮľ͵İɫ֦廷ƣɫϵİɫ۹ճϰߣ˵ǰСɽӯӯһյ£ηΣ¼˵Ŀ棬ӯ޳˫֡
һͷĳŵͷϣµ壬עĿǷɫ±˫壬Բǰһǰ߸¡ϸ£ͬۺɫĵ׿ŷķΣԲʱԲľ޵һǣ·֭棬Ҫѳ֭ˮ˵ȥҧһڡ
޳ȷݺˣɫ˿Ĺס˷ӯȴһ˫ϸ㣬ϸСɵĺɫ߸Ьʮֺÿ
Ǽңɫĵ̴̺ɫļҾãһɫĴڷݵ룬ھߺŶһ۾ͿƿŵcuveeDiamantBleuģʯɫˮһ
ھ˾ƿһϸıӣзȵ˵˵ڽϲģ֪׼ʯϲƷλ
ѾûƷ⣺ˣܣ벻Ҫڽ㣬ֻ׽˲ܽеģûʸ񡣡
ûʸ񣿺ǺǺǡ
ھЦһ˹
ڸеԵϢʼռǰԿʼԼס쵰ɫǡ
ԭؿܵĳ嶯ûǲʶûһܣ㲻ҽ㡣
ҾҪأ
ھаЦţ壬õͳɤ˵ҿǼڽΨһŶҪи̵˽ˣڲӦüǿͨ𣿡
쵰
ŬԼҪĳ嶯һѶƱҺһֻܰסԼȥʹа취𣡽ڿһڵװΣھԡҰɣһ¡
Ҹûĵط侲һ¡
ھЦЦȻľ档
ŽתҪȥգգ۾˵Э⣬Ҿڽ±ȽϺأ㲻Ϊ𣿡
һ°ͣ߰ĿһۣҸµ£ȻƵĶھȻɫº˿׿㡣ڰԼƯǰ󵨵ĺӡ
ھƲŴЦӢĶħһϾĿŽڵıݣòƴηֱʵѾ΢΢ĴˣԵĿ£ܿͰٿתӽԡ߰ڽ㣬ҾͨѧģرŮ˵ǷõֿɣѾȫˣǺǡ
ҲҲҲ
ڷľɵŶ䡣
һУԺҪЩݵװµŮһҡβ첻
һ߼ᶨԼľģһԡҡƯڲ̾ŷʽĹŵ񣬰ɫɫĴʯ״ֹۣʽĴԡףСӾһϻһԡǱ̬
һ䡣
ͨһԡԺůˮߣ泩Ҳ˲飬̲ס̾˿
渡ĸо˰һڵķաڽͨ泩ʱ洫ڽ㣬㲻˰ɣҪҪȥ㡣
ļһò㲻Ҫͳȥ
æغ
վԡױߣڣѩ׽۵ļȵԡˮ̵΢죬ƯҲˮ÷˺ϼҲ˺ˮںڵĳʪꤵճϣڰ׷
һͷӣΧԡǷŰϵƸòʱɶٴ𣬡Ҫȥɡ
á
ƿԡţ˳ɳϴɫ˯۵Ҳ߲ˣ˿űߣ·¶ľһȫܵӰˡ
ھԸеĵЦ߹ڸоűߵ˶סСһᱧȫӲߵɫĴ󴲱ߣһӰĴϡһսԡıԵһסɫĴһƬհףֻʣ½źӡ
⿪ϵԡۣ¶ͭɫʵѵҲϲ˶ͽǽʵֲڵģķɫûоǰڣһҲЩļӲ𣬿ó书߳ǿ׳ӡһȫȫ壬յġʵġģһ³塣
ֻŶ̿û뵽׳ģֻͻĵˣԼƽʱԡʱҲ̽ѯԼ˵˽һĴСҵ죡δѵ۶һģ
ʱѾһеҪˣ̱ȫãֻܽı˫ۣȴһ̵ĵ
ھĴӱסڣֻô˰֣ӵԡ
ھһ˫ħ̲סʼĦ˫硣ĽڣܵھϮֻһĿϮͷɵȫŤ磬˵ò̼ϾΪ֮һǿҵܸ߳ӿͷߵ˫ۣҪſ֡𡭡𡭡
ƵҡȫŤתҪھħƵŰ̱֫޷룬ӭھİһ㣬ھĴ̼ھ½ڵķΣĳй£ͬʱ˫˳»ḧϱۣСۣģƵҴ£ɦ
ŤͼܣԲϵĺţҪס֡
ھ˫ֹ֣ͣˣ˽ڵĳҵ˫ĸŪĶĻԲȦƵѩ׵ķ۾ٴӾǰʹýڵĺھȴַŮ˫壬ֻ˳ŴԻͬʱԡ£Žڵԡ۵ĽһԸ֬۵彥ֱֳھľѡ
ֻһӨļ˰⣬ǰʼʵ壬ţ縲߸ͦǰŵɫ٣ֻк춹СܱߵһȦѴСΣֳķۺɫϸ˸ǽ˴Σټϸֻһա
ھֹͣ˫˳ƽڵ°ѵһ˿ңʹʺõ¶ɡһ˿˵龳ѹӣǹˣھǵʥ֣Ȼ治ɫİŽڵÿ缡أѹ򼱻죬ۿŽ˫ˣھжһߣϾĀȫǰھҹɫɢ̾
ϣʵӡ˽ڵᴽ֪յıݣڸо̰˱ĿڽȻܵԡһֻŸͦĻԲһֻ˳̽˽ܵĵش
ȱĽڸͲ֪ҪôӦռȫͷռݣǰΥԸ¿ʼӲȻǿס˫ȣǴڲⱻֲڵָ飬ϵһĶӹ񾭡
òװھ뿪̴ڣϲɣ
ɳƵоպеζˣҲġ
ֻּйڵѾʼزŮбɸ״ǰҲʼ˵ҴܣĸܵԼܾѾʼоǡ
ȻǸŮû˿飬Ѷ˷ʱǸʮɫȦڵȻ֪ʲôǿɱ鱾Ͽľȫûô
ʮ껨ھϵļ£ȫ˱ܵķӦֻȿʼԾĦ˽ǿʼһһֻ˳İδԽӴĵطĴ濪ʼҪֲסˣ
ıһѻȡ顢ĸоľоԼڱ
ֻҧסһƷ˿˫ĳס˿ƵĴĽһС
š
ֿ۵Ļ󣬽̲ס˵һ䡣
ǴֲڶָͬеߣĸоԼĻڱ棬δĻָ²ͣ˵֭ˮ˳
˳ӵĴֲٿܣۣǿųαɬмѹֳص塣
ۣ

ҪҪӱʵ
ۣӳһɹɫƤӸֱͦıеĿӢʳü֮䡣
Ӣͦ
ھУ뿴ĽܻǶ顣
뿴ĸԸеֻǽң˫Ĳ˿
Ů˸տʼ󳢵ͷղܡ
ھϧˣȥŮҪǵӸ𣬴֮ǿϰʹĴơ֬ѩϱϵӲĦˮ۵ļýǿҵĸܵĸӲĴ̼ɦ̲סŤ̽Ĵơ
ȴ̲סгʹ
¶߳İ֫Ӵ쳣һʼǿƺᣬֲ۽Ǹֳ⡣
Ͳ
ˮ΢ԹĿǰĿǿȴ£ȵĴߢȡѩϵ÷ھź÷ͻӲͦеǺԲӦŽĲƣһĸоСȴ̫Ŷʹݼš
ھϿ磬ϸ׵ľһϺ콻ӡǣŨҵϢľѼ䣬ս
ںƿ֪ԣǵˣֻץµıأţСĽġ
ֲڵĴĦѩΣȵĽŰĶ׳͵˫ϣʵ˫Ȱסģ̵ƽ̹С˱Ļʵʵһ˿϶
ðס㣬β԰̣һֶֻգֻ֬ȴԲƴʱǻĴмʹһеҪ
׳ļѹý͸˫üŬھ⵽ˣһתϣڴϡ
ϵѹСһɶһñֱ촽
ĵľٶŪھͣСң
˴ĵ
ʲô
ϸϸŲ֪Ļҡ
ҪҽڶΣ
ھҪһĴظֻǴҲġ
ȷԼûΪĿͶԼĴ꣬ӲֻӡһĽԼɫӣӡȵĴϣȻһҲҶ
ĴĵطһӴԺ˲뿪ϣ㣬ۺСȫȫڴСԻȡ
ֻһҲҴһ
ĹŮѵͲᶯһ
ĵúúý̽ǣ
ھһתŮڵĽٴαǿ¡Ĵصߢסķ۰꣬ʵ໬̴ƣסĶС࣬Ūݣƹ̶סСɵ°ͣʹ˫ŵĸĽ̴Ū˱е֭
ڱŨҵŪ˫շɺ죬٣ѸټӲ֪˵ĴӻĵۡͷĿѣ˶̱ˡ
òףھ뿪Ĵ˫ʪ塢Ρ˫죬΢Ц
ҪŹζ֪ڽ㡣
һ£һοЦġüͷģЦÿӦöЦġ
ڻ΢ЦʱھȵСȵĳ̶úһĻ⡪ٵˣĥ˵ĹĹŮ
Ʒֿ˫ȣµָ˫ȼ̽˽ȥͻȻӲſ˺ѸгŽڣҵͽУʹҪ
ȳƵ˫Ȳ£ֹȼָĽھӲȣԽŤԽʹ۽վ˦ǴִָĽӲָСѨŰɦ顣
Ҫ
ϸϸʹд̼Žڣ˫üͺС̲סƾǰ׳ʵš
ϵھĵͺҲţֻע⵽סָϴصѶϢʾԺõĻ䣬µƸˡ
ý

ھĴָϰѹͼڸĻѨ֭üԺʹָרעڻϵһļ¶ѨҺѳֹɫ͡
ı仯ʹڲ⣬ֻе£³ܾĻ𡭡ס֡ܣ㡪
ס֣ãģ
Ļ
ھµָɦỬĻڣŪţҪ󻬡ȹѹסף˫ȵĿţڳһֻظָת˫ϵ١
ġ
æҪ⣬ȴ˫ƵĸŪ̳ܩȫȣʶģƮƶˡ
µ巺õɫ˶סתݺ䣬̼˺ӲͦԡеΪԼѰҷйĳڣȵĻʹ
ڿʼʹԼе񾭺νȫĸй٣ҪԼҲôʧеĸоȫİ˫ѾʼܿƵ΢˫ŲϵڴĦϸ۵ʼֺ̣ʱʱֱȫ֮¡
ڽ㣬ĺײʳ˼̻𣬲ԼſɣѾȲİĸˡ
ھһ߰潯ڵ壬һ߻ߴķе顣
ɶ񣬽ڸӽҧ촽Լгȫġǲĳ³лŮ
ڽ㣬ͲˣѺ˫ҧˣʲôأСıﻵӡ
ھ⽯˼ķغ۵ؼйֻƾһűպϴݣҲ֪սֲ˶ˣЩİ鳱Ѿʼۣ忪ĵ̷
Ҫſ
ڽڸо첻еʱͻȻͬʱšķӲӣٺոȷСˣ˲ĸоͷԱˣȫ±ֱıһĺ
˵ĸ߳ͨһ


108 Ϊĸף׳壨£
ڽ㣬𣿡
ԵĿѲڷȫղŽеתҵСݺԿ𣿡
Ȼ˵ѯڵָѾʼжʮ޳ָѨڣȫ濪ոճ鳱ĽѾûٷǿƣ֡ܲˡٴӦеķӦڽ㣬С治ʵǺҪ𣿡
ʾһǰζմҺָСҪʵˡ㿴ķӦ𣿡
㡭Źҡ
ڴûôһˡ
̬Ȱҵ֣Ұݡ
ݡ㡭ÿˡݡ
Ѿ˲ʲôˣֻͣҪĳˮûˣһʲôԼһӵ
ãװģԸ
ҵָ뿪ҵ˽ҸеһĪĿ顣
һﻹеŵأǿǡں˼ʱͻȻһĶѾճ¶Ļ꣬ȥҵ塣
һ˫紺۰׵޳ȣԲ̵ͦΣȫҲκ覴ãȽ紦һϸ죬ֵ輸ϸëǻһһĿѣԣ˺޲ǹ۳һ
ھ巢Եĸ̾СȻµ
˫Ů˫֣˽ڵŮ壬ɽ׻ɽãŵ嶥żʵ۵飬ֻл󣬵ĵʮ㣬вʮı飡Ȼ뼫ܣ٣𽥵ӲͦԼشҲʪ
ھħ˫ɵ˫֣ڽڵ˫˰ʱ֮ãתأڲ๥ȥһֻڲزͣİţһֻ֣ȴزλԣزλţһΣΣǿҵĿдš
һɿҲŽڵǱͦ֫ڶţھķӦ㽫ָ԰ţѷµĸŪţҵеСĴָѹʳָָѿʼ̽Ѱ԰ܶˡ
ھǳмԵģֻȥһָڣȻת˳ظһΣΣΡھ߳ļǿҵҩʹ£ڸֻһ¸߷塣ھŪֻܴһĿУȴ޷ϸ߷塣
ҪҪ㡭
ھظʮκ󣬽ڵŽָӭϵͦſ˫ȣŤβھĿŽڵķӦϲĸŪǰɫ壬ԼĶŪ£нļϸϸĺ飬ԵþӨϸ߰ڶӭԼİԲֱ޳ȣһһϵĻвƺļ尾
С㣬ھļµһİɣ
ھ߳µĽڲͣĽţŽ˫ۡ
ھ˿ϢĻᣬڱӣȥҰɡ
ں͸Ȼܾû޳Լھ
ձ౵£촽̳ΪһĿꡣھ̵촽תȦ׷ھ³Ϣھͷص򣬽ڼľܾ۵ĺ촽ڱǿӲĽ촽ϲصشǻ̽·ޱȵʹڴ˫Ĵӱܡ
ھʹץס򦲢ָʹڵɳڣھͷͳûݵĽӷСڵĵֿͷǿţһǣھڹ˷ܲƷζǰĽڱԼǿȽǵĽܡ
̰ŽڿеĤŪͷҺȡ
Ҷͷͽڵľһֻۻһ˱Ϯ̼ھģץסֲԾļڽǸʵغݺָ꣬뽯ڵԴڣһ鱥ĳʵУʱ˽еĿ顣
ܣңܲˣ
òͳʱļ尾£ڷеĵֿеĵ¡ǶȻȥֻ׷̲סɱдһߣƺ˵޾㡣
ھ߿Žڵӣ࣬żʵ۵飬ָضڲʪյƣһ˵ˬУھ˷ܣضڵָʼĳڣֻضŵ㣬ڽ֮һָ˵
ھвɵ˷ܿУƷǼƷѡһı
ϳĶɵüӿ죬ڲްУɲͣɸӭھĳ塭
뿪˽ڵӣ˳ѩ׵һ·ӳеǸʵأֻԭֵĵ缺Ѫ̲סſѪһںסڵ飬Ӥ˱ʱͷŷۺɫٿ£ʱҧССĶޢָͣұǰٴУ̲סĺֱС
ǿ˳ƽ̹Сһ·£ھŶԽڵԴʥչƣ˴ֲڵͷǻԲֱĴڲ£ýȫһһһһϵ˱ھֵָ˵˵ھָʱ̧Σ᲻뿪ƵģӽѾȫȫԨ޷԰ˡ

ǿĳˣȻûָӲֱǸӵĸԣڵҪȼƵģļһͲġ
ͷһζʱ»ۣʱŪĻ꣬еС
š
ŤŽĿ񳱿ҪƷˣŶԼĽתκĽԼеڵѾ֧ˣȫѭĳֱܵĹɡ
ھЦŶŪ˵û棬СѨѾʪаȻܣȴǳʵģСѨǽҸϿ찮
Щܸ߳и˼ҲûУǡΪΪ㡭
ھûȵ˵꣬ͻȻȥס۴ظ֮һƬʪ󣬳ŮƱǶʵΪʲô
˵ΪΪ
ֻ˵˶㺦ߵ˵ȥˣ˽ˮȴ߳ܶӷˡ
ھĿѳɣ㽫ָɿ뽯ʪĻ꣬Ļӭָĵ΢΢˿ͻľٶĴ̼еҪﲻŪᡭһܲ˵ġ˷ܵġš
û뵽ڲһŮˣҲһ׺ߵŮˣһʪŮˡСѨѾʪʪˮմָ⽫մҺָõǰ˵ڽ㿴СѨѾʪˣ
ֻϸӷˣҲΪ߶̼ʹСѨˮϵʱӽһָѨһḧ鷿ͷҲŪŽһߵͷµĹƣʹڱŪȫ֦Ҳϣһ˵ҪŪҵǡҡҡСҡҿܲˡ
ұĵڣеشھŪţʱȫ飬СѨøеʮֳܣŨŨŮζˮӿƬɴĶֿŪʪһͿˡ
ڱ㲦Ū⻬岻϶ţҷСƵƵЩ΢šŶš
ھָŽˮѨ˽ȥڶһ£˵桭ȥ졭Ρมܽȥ
ڷ۵СѨھµĲڣ̽ѰG㡣
Ŷ졭ͣ
糺Ľڣıţн޳ȣԷָֹһСѨڡ˫סѨ֣ĵָֿѨлһֻȥǼͦ飬Ū˼£ڵ˫ֱɿˣ˫ҲʧȥҲ޷нˡ
ھ״㽫ڵһ֣γνġMִ󿪽š˴ʱڵ˫ҲˡʱָּСѨڿе˽ٶȷá˼ҵġร
ʪԸе̴ڷ˽е֪ڼļ¶ȵĴ顣ϱ仯ĵַһ޵ĽڱȫһٵԭʼλɰĹĹŮڣһ˫ѳޱȵݷ޷Ƶ˼㡣
ھڵСѨ̽һᣬGλãŪ˼£ֻĽ˼ķӦڿͲţ˽Ҳø˰˶ȡԡԡˡˡҡҿˡҪȥˡ
ھ˷ӦǼӽĶŪֻڵСѨУһˮŤ˼£ƺþ޷ٶţþδͣеĽҲԼšҲ֤˽23˴ûδйָ߳ھ룬ǲ͸ˣŮ񻹴ֹУǱ
Һ֭ھվýϢһ£ֻڴϵѩ׵ɫ͸Ȥǰżͦ΢̱͵縲ǲס¶ءɫĳ˿һ˫޳ôˣɴɫ͸ĶֿϣѨѱˮ۽ʪˡ
ˣ뷢ʲô㾡ܽгˡ
ھŲѹϣ˫§סߴ򿪡
һӱܵŲھ΢Цҡҡͷ˫ֿס࣬ɵ㣬Ҫ¡
š
ԱۣݽҧӣȴȻ΢΢
ھͦѾ͵ɼ䣬ΪķȻһƬֻΪɢܱ־û̬ԡӲǰ˸ոմĻ꣬ھ;ҵһ˫͵ס֫߸߹𣬲֪Ҫػӭһǰҡš
ڽ㣬ʼеʹһ¡
ھ˵ţַǰѹǴŮѨ֮С
խСޱȣȻ֭ˮḻʮ󻬣ļ˸ոմ̽һ۶֭Ѩ͵սѰԴ⡣
ڽ㣬ҵ
ھͳţ벻˵Ϊϣסһ̡
ڻûзӦʱͻȻ̧ѩΣôִ⹽಻ĶڣѾʪĻһͨס
Ҫ
޴˺Ѹйᴩ˽ڵ壬23ĶھԵĶˡ鲻Խˡ¡СŮʿ־ƽȥ׵ľ飬Լ񲻾СŮһ𣿲СŮһأ
ſҡ
ͼ壬ǸһŲ淢ľʹᡣ
𶯣ʹ
ھʱоԼ·Ϊ־ƽһ㣬ķ壬촽ǵİĽ顣ͻȻеûίȻѩ׵źۣǿͷůؿڡ
ھĸο鷿Сɵϴת˫දھµǱĿڸΧϸǡ
ʼо岻ôʹǿʼ֣СһֻֻֻܿӡڲŤ壬ò۹ѯھµĸо
Ҫڽ㣬ɡ
ָ鷿ҲסĶ飬תע
ƽսЩ֦ҶƹʧŮӴ£Ƶס˫ȼǴطúܣҲ֪ԼҪھѻƣȴǷɲ塣ĦͷԼȼĺͬסһֱļ
ھЦ̾˿ͻȻ̽ǰӣס
˵ͻȻס졣
غҪŤͷȴ˫סһɣȸһʹѱһػȼӲĶͻȻĶ˽

ƺһСȹ˻ɫ͸˿ȽѹھĹɺٱƼȥһ
֪زôҲ޷˼ȥˡ
ھȻŽڵ˫˱³⣬µİһͻ룬ÿǰһܸܵž۱˷ܶʹĳ鴤
ӦʹģʹҪѿȴֻ˷ܵĴУһܵĸоֻǾĥ䵽ĵطˬʧŪһŨŨֱ飬ֱ泩Ĵ֫ŤŴг
ھѹȣ˫ŵĸЩҲ֮ſߣϥţﶥ˶⹽ͷǿ׳ѪСѨ֮С
ӦǴʲôڻһŵСҶͦ米˶һ¡
Ȼľνխʪͨ·УƬ谭ô
ھ⺬ԼһͦŴҺ˽ȥ
ء
͵رһȴΪ౻סвɼʹȴûɵıǳſԼӵľȥС뽹ꡣ
һ룬ھֻضڽխ쳣˵ŴİҺ֭󻬣Բײ룬ڲĤĲھˣ˽Ѷȣȴƾ޾ˬС
ھľѾͻƵһߣ۵Ƭ۴εرߣ̵ִͷܵضѹⶴڣⱻȽžĽӴĦ
ھ֪ѵҪʱϾҪõµĹĹŮڵˣ캬סͷһҧеĹĹŮڲ΢΢һʹһھһһ˲䣬խ۵۶ǴŮĻֱֻ⣬࿿̵޺ἡؽھľЮס
еĽڣȻһ˺ѰľʹȻһ壬һھѹԼϣضѾһľסһĻȴھİϼˡ
֪Լʧڲɵ̾һƺǱԼʧȥֺƱĥ̫öջ㡣֪Լƣһᣬ
ھŷſ촽˫ַ࣬ͷĲһ·ǵѾ鷿ϣᲦŪŶǺ飬ûڶֻǸôѨУᶥġ
ǡǡ
ڴڴԽؽʪһҲƳĴӡ
һĴֿھһָڵں㷢һϧĿµˮʵʹ𣿡
ڵĴδˣȻ̱֫½ѨûھľԾ˰Ļʹü΢ȻԸľѳۣǱĿھᱡԼӡ
ھַΪÿһΰ絯Ұ㲦ڵ֮˻Žڵǰͦ룬˳ֻڽھǣסŪڵ鷿ͷ࣬㣬¯ķƵĽԽԽ
ۼڷֿھŽڵ̴㴽ϲһԸͦʵŮͣ²ͣļ黺ͣ̽Ԩ
ھⳤʱᱡĴѽ⣬ƽֻ΢գ죬˫ֽסھļ羱һů۵ĺھͷסľнѩοŤӭھĳ壬һ˫ɫ͸˿޳ʵȽھϲͣĥвצסھ壬ھĳ壬ضлİҺ֭ƬƬ죬ƾ޵Уھ˷ܵÿˮֱ
ԼԹյʱ䣬ھסڷϣΪŮµƣڵǺޢضڴǹɧͷš
Ƹþ룬ֻһ˸ĶסضǹζǽͣɵÿʼҡСк֮߰ие޵߲ѣӨ黬ӣȴļ尾£ĿʼŪ
Ȼﲻͣ˵ţСҲ
ȴָӣļӿ˶
Ʋʹӵ룬Ů״ﵽУģڲӿ׶ٶȣеҲԽԽг׷⣬ﻹ뵽
ֻ˫ְھţڲͣŪ£㷢Ʒɢǰ岻ͣµھ۶ˣɵ˫֣ڸʵϲסץ٣̼ý
Ȼ޾һƷŮ֮£Ҳ㹻鲪Ѩ۲žѾ̲סһһ˱ͣڵǻŨ֭
ھش˼ڣʼСȵĳ
üͷ˫£ǰסھţ˫ȼֻһʹһˬá֡ˡ
ȻôһƶͣܵҪн˫ȡû뵽ɼһգǻ˼֣оǿңǡھڵ˻һ¹ᴩ壬ͨʹͣ˫һŰһ
һҲ˵ΪʹǱʲôֻ֪г֮Ī泩˺ܶ࣬㲻ͣڣĽ
ھͣû¾üɢеĽ§ıϺץţһ˸߹һˡ
ˣáȣҪˡҪ˰
˫Ȳͣĵ̤ŵµԡۣڴĵĴ£һνϾͿʼ޷ƵֵĶ塣ָо˵ȫİģ֪ӦԣֻĴؽţ§ھԼ˶Ƕһ
һоʼ˫ȼۣѾûʹı飬΢ŵСŴǣüͷȻȴܣһ˫޳Ťڡ
ھ˿СϣͻȻĿٴֱ֭Ľⷭ۵¼ͣŰ
ĸоȻǿ˲ֹһһһ˵ӿ峱˴ͷھĲϳ壬ԽԽߣʶ𽥼е˹ɼߴ֮ϣѾ֪ڽʲô
Ľͦ˫ŵڴߣϵƷһ׵Ĵ͵ضһ££йһͻȻķɡ
ھӲһֱڣ̱ڴϣһ̿˽壬ŮԪھой˳ȥŰСǹɱһк˳ȥ
ȻȻ͸ղŴڵʱһտյѾʹطй˴롣ĵţɵĿõݶ뵽Լڶҹ飬ھô˶³칫һޡ
ھϴϢһֿʼӣڽ㣬ĸڵĲ㻹ǵô
һ£Ȼо˿Щɷ羰ǵ˵ͷһ
ռԼӵˣŮǻ᲻Ծض˼˳ӡ
ھŲŲӣڵİǵһ󽿴ѪȷһصļرڣʮءһҪһһĥʱˣ˻ȥĵᡭôأҡô죿
ھĸ㰴ҽķȥһȥȿڿഫɸĸ˻סԪȻȥԡƵʥ˵
һɣæһĵʵأʲô˺𣿡
ھڴʱܹԼʱ΢΢Щж̧һȣӲôϵĿ׻ҵҸһЩ㣬ô̸ʧءúʱ򣬾Ϳʼ˶ɡ
һͷǰ̧ӭĶʮ¹󣬱׵۵ǿѹеãĬĬھݹǹ
תΪ죬һ죬;ûȣղŵĴٴλһҺ˵ڶϣͷҲʼеõǿطһ˿˿ӻĵע룬
ģתʹýڿʼھĶÿһͻԾ˹ӭϣڵǹ۵ľͻǻһ
֫ʲھԽԽ죬ȹžžڱĹԣֻðţҲ˲ʲôתˣŤδĵ
ķΪŹֻ֣ǿ˸ͷ㲻ǿ˹ֻҪ֫ٺѪԶʼУӱޱȲ˵ɸƬⶼ·Լʶһ˱šһɹ˿˿ĸоӻڣбȫ߽ĵ
̧һȴӲӣھ̧ſڴϣ̧ƨɡ˳ӵſͣ߸߾ϸµĴҶ۵ѷһһȲſˮ׵ֿסļ飬ٴβ˽ȥ
ȻֿʼȻȻ
ƱղŰЩĥҲ࣬ÿ¶ֱҪȵǰ˺üζ͸Ļġ
ڼ״̬Լ鷿ţŵֲ֪ǺõԼϺţ˫ĿԶˮӴǵ䡣
ԽԽҲԽԽȡѹڴҲ֪й˶ٴӣԡǶ춼ο嵭
ھͻȻͺһ͵ѹϣ룬ݺݴѾй鲻ϣù̻ޱȣһǻڵ
ͻȻǹɹŹֵһ˲˽ǣ߸ߵذͷſǻﵽ˴ûģ۷塣
Ļشǿʼ鶯ģϵİڵѾϨĻٴαȼĶԽԽûйĿб̢񾭣ָͷȫͬĸоȣǡ
ڿʼԾŤ֫ƽ̹СҲĶ
ȫƲסĽк˵İԼ
ڽ㣬ǸСôôȣұƷġ
˵Щ˵ĻԼѾȫܷԣ
Ҳ޷͵ؽһһǿҿмܲˣһ𻨵á
ڵȫǼĵȫѾ֪ںδˣֻǸоǰľһδεĴ壬ֱڴÿһεײ֪һ̻ܻܲˡ
ڸеԼһɶۣоԽԽԣҺ֮ѵҪ˵ſҡҡҡҪȥ䡭
ȴ̵ľֻܾǸĳ鶯Һ֭֭ĽۻѨеⶼھΣһɻȵҺ壬ȪĳĶˮײһǰͻȻ˸һƬհס
ӿհлָǵʱھĸĲƽϢ˵ȼһ޲Ҳµϡ
ղšʲôо֡
Щţƺﲻԣ˵ȷʵһȻİҲʺŮӵᾢֻǸղŽʱƺеʲôףֻ벻
֣ǻ˵ڽ㣬ϢɡˡҾͰĸβ
ھȰֱ۵ͷ£ļ
۲΢΢Цţ۾
εĻýڻҪɢһ鳱޾ʹδ򿪵űǸ˸ǿߵ۵Ļڻʹ滹˺ѸУĺۼѩ׵ļϱƣбࡣƣϽ硣


109 Ůϣ
ڱھ˯֮󣬳׹˳ھѰؼᡣ
ţھĿ꣬ȦŮ
ڵʵŮԱʶأŮҺܳ󣬿Һᡷһ˫Ĵ۾ȷѵıص㣬Ӱ̳ʮƬʼߣȺݡӮҡӵջ󡷡ڴ˫ơõӡӹȡȣв׵ı֣رǡڴ˫ơУһУŮװŮԶ԰ȵ׷ѹ֣ľֵرֳܵ۽ձ
ȦҲЩӣ˯ǩԼµĹ˾ߣȻ֪ϰ׸ԼǿɾǺ¶
ǣۣܿҼھ
ˡһھ˵ɡ
ſˣһԸ·˽
ھ֪Ĵ㣬ӡ̵ľТׯԼɫھŮޱȵĿȵ
ܣá
úܻȵھȻھλӢھҲϣһڡ
ʲôܲˡ
ھ֪ΪʲôŮʲôܲˣһӵɳϣɫĳȹ
ۣ׷Ĵȱɫ͸˿šھȹӵļһ˶鷿ɫ˿ߵֽţھȲذһƣһѩ˶鷿һʶһһ¶ھǰð׺ô鷿öͷǰ΢΢ţҩãͷѾʼؼӲ
ھ˫ָһ԰۵Ĵ鷿еԣش갡󰡣ֱ׻һ˫졣ھſںסһֻ鷿Ӥ˱šһֻ쵽ȹ棬˿Ĵϸϻеɫ͸ڿḧĦš
ھһֻֿʼ⿪ԼĿۣҴ¿ӡѹȵĴڿͳ
ھڿںŨܵë˳ظ΢΢͹ϣѩ׵ĴȸһԷۺ۵غһ
ھë۵ϣġھһȿϣһ߸Ź⻬׵ĴȣһְŴִļͶϡ
Сˣ
ھһͦ
֨
һȥأ˫ȵһüͷ΢٣һ

ھֻоͱסھس鶯˼£Űֳ룬ü΢΢𣺡š
һ΢΢һ¡
˶ļţ󡭡󡭡
š
ھͻȻٵس˼£γͣѸٲ嵽΢΢ſһɫľҺĿУһڣһ
ȻھȫѸ⣬ߵߣɳϱŵϢҵĴϣȹӺֻ֡źɫ˿࣬ڴϣһѩ׷Ĵ鷿ǰţʹҲôͦ
ھбߣ˫ֲͣظȫÿ䣬ͷһһšܿԸгջѩ׵ʹ̼ھӲ
ھ쵽ָŪëʪճճġַѹϣ˫䴦˫̧ߣȻһͷ£ʪճͻɫ۵ʱ΢΢ķֿھӲֳļͶƬм䣬֨
һֲ˽ȥ
оѾˣһȥʱƨɾȻ̧һ¡ӭʹھִļ˳һ嵽ףûС
ھҲ֪ˣҲæŸɣذϽʣ˿ӵĴ£Ȼüͷһȣִļĥš
ʱʼָ֪зҵźʹС˳ĿУͺÿһθĳǿңоһһ¿̹Ħ͡šš
ţŤ֫
ھֺץסǶͬ͸˵һĴ鷿꼷ţһߵͷȥſںסһֻ鷿ͭǮСκͷһʳָĴָסһֻͷţšһɹĴ̼ȫ̲סһ鷿͸Ūֺ죬ͷҲӲ

š


110 Ů£
ھһ˱ͷһֻѾ壬ӹѩ׻΢΢͹С˼ë־ͣ˷۵ϣƬʱ΢΢ţھָᰴڽ۵ϣŪţָš
Ҫ
ͷһܵǿҵĴ̼˫ȲɵļнɿɿּнҵĲ
ŪһھּӲˡһ̧һȿڼϣһסһֻӣͦŴֳļƽںڵļСĹͷƬ۵ʪʪ֮䡣ھһͦ֨֨
ֳļͻ˽ȥ

ɺֻ屻һ˶̵ľģůůޱá˵˺öΣŵȴողŸܵǿĴ̼ͿУԼǰ˵Ҫֳܶࡣһſ죬ȵļһ¶ˡ
󡭡󡭡
ˮܶ࣬ھһʼͷˮ̵Ͼ࣬ĵԻǺܺãƬ۵ΧھĴ󼦰͡
ھΪԽֳ֣ļÿһ¼嵽ÿһ£סһ촽΢һ
ھһʮ£ϸ乣˫糺죬ֹһ׵Ĵȴھͷһбڴߣھĳػζ
Ŷϣţ
ֹھͣһֿʼس壬ÿζѼͰγڣȻʹ͵һ²ȥֱĽ֫Ҳھžƨϣžžֱ졣
ѵĳ״̬һһǿҵԿгͣԽԽ󣬴ϢԽԽأʱ޷ƵĽ
ţ
ÿһжųĳϵŽһ£·ʹַ࣬·ܡζȻҡ

Ѿ޷ԼһͣشСھֻоһǿҵÿ嵽͸оůӹֻСҪѹͷסһ
һɹˮԴԴϵż͵İγ˳ƨɹ˴ϣʪһƬһԷ鷿һǰӿͷͬѩɽϵѩһҡ߮趯
߳ȥˣһУֻϣֳļسԼŤѩ׷壬ӭھһֲҵĳ塣
ھֿٲ˼£ذȷ£͡ಡ
һȫ˳
𣡡γ
Ҳ벻Լ˵ҪĻʱԽֳͷǹ˲ЩˣȥץھޱȿմҺĴ󼦰͡
ɧſ£
ھһѩ׵Ρû뵽㻹񫣡
˿̱յü˳ӵعſڴϣżظ߸̧Լѩ׷ʴΣ˶̵Ĵ󼦰ͿԼڡ
ھŵ˫һ֣˫ְǰ׻ĴϣŰһֱѩ׵÷졣δơžžžžѩ۵Ρ
Ǹǻ˶ٳٻ룬ֻƱһ㣬ܵüȥ״ε˽š
찡尡
˵ؽлţŤƴʹ̧Լѩ׵Ĵƨɡ
ھ˫Ƭѩ׵ΣмǳɫĸźƬʪɼﷺĵ֭װ׵ĴԴԴϵϡھֳּͣʪò˵ϣû壬ǼɴŢ̌ΣŰĴ󼦰Լ
ɧ˻Һúøɸ㣡
ھͦһҳͣײϡžž
ֱ졣
ѽ
һǶȵĽĲſ¡ھ˫쵽£סĴ鷿ţƵʹš
ھʹسţֺ˶Ĵ쳱ʪķѨвţ۷ۺѨҵĳ巭ַˮͣڿбֻܷ
򱻳á󡭡󡭡
ֱ졣
ˮ࣬ˬɣ
ھĶ˵š
ѽˬ
ھ˵Ĵ׵Ĵƨɣžžֱ죬Ҳӿ˳ٶȡʱȫԽĿУѩ׵Ǻˮ֭ҺŷȲϵϡ
Ϳس壬˵ײһžžֱ졣Ľһĸߺھһε߳ʱһǿ°һɹɹ̵ľҺӹͣĲţ紥ĿС
ſڴϣһҲ붯ˡھѾƣմҺļͣһɫľҺ΢΢׵


111 вͮ
ھ˯֮ȻҲˣȻѰؼ
ھĿ꣬ͮСŮ
ͮСŮĹڣᱻȻĵƮ߽ӹĻ˵ͮġ¡ӽԭġ
ϲͮϸĶԭҲͮСŮڽɫͮһֵţܷŮķ緶СˮҹʵĹšͮݵСŮžֵױȡ֮ǰ»ͳĴȣ95桶¡еĹֺͮ۴ƻϣԵøΪޡ
ʱͮѾѶǩԼˣھ鵽ͮӻɾĺأ
ǣھ;ˡ
ͮڼҺԣž͵ȴھڸղţ˾ھ绰ԼҸϷ¶ͮ͵źܿˣͮϽǰȥš
Ŵһֻھվ⣬󻹸ªĺ±δ󺺡һھ㽫ͮƽȥ
ھͮ绰ʱ򣬾Ѿ⣬ǿа£ǱªıڣһŻŻͮ
ֱͮƽݣª߽Źϡ
ͮ󾪣˺еܣ㡭Ҫʲô
⻹ףҪ㶮ɣ
ھЦ
ʲô
ͮǴһеУ
û
ھЦΪĺףӦ˾Ҫ
㡭޳ܣҡҲǩԼˣ
ͮʹȦ˵ģûǱ򣬿Ǵʱ
Ҳ
ھһ֣ǰͮץס
㡭ʲô
ֵͮشе
ûõģ
ھЦģѾ˰˶֧ˣ·ߣһһ֮ұ֤СŮ죡ڶ֮һ뿪ǴӴԺٲ棬㻹ǹڵӣ㿴ô
˵仰ھЩģҪͮѡڶԼôճ
һѡ
ͮƴȣ˼ӣȴһӦҲûУھֻЦȻҲδ󺺡
ڣ֪ͮЧˣֻðܣ㡭㷢ȱŹҰɡ
ٷϻʮ£ҪѡһҾѡڶһ
ھʼ
ͮھԵªޱȵˣһּԼĲͮеһھôҲǸ˧硭
ҴӦҴӦ
ھ˵ʱͮЪ˹شг
ھдϲ˵Ҿ֪ͮӦģ
˵ţھ˻֣ޱĴ˳ȥȻŹϣ档
ھͮǽߣڿɺúù۲Ůֻ˫Ŀգ۽ȴˮ򲻰뾪Ŷ
𣿱ţͮϷɣ
˵꣬Цŵھһְϥϡ
ʴϷĻҵֱƣǾͿʼɡͮΪ𣿡
ܣ㡭ŹҰɡ
ͮʵذ㲻ԣҿҪˣ
ھŵ
ҡڡٲõˡ
ͮ˵
ãʵûѣ
ھЦ@@ͮһᣬھ˵㡣
ǰУûˡͮæش
ôǴŮɣ
ھʵ
ͮͷ㻹ûлشҰ
ھ
ǡͮŻش
ҵĶ
ھЦ
ҵĴϡͮ
@@ھһ⣬ȴĴȣֻƤָܻҲܺá
ھһһ⣺Χ󣿡
D@@ھ𾪣ȴѵ˴ȱأһ渧ڿ㣬һʣͮڿɫأ
ۺɫͮ
Ҳš
ھЦţ뿪ڿ㣬ȹ֤ҿҲϧǼ㣡
@@֪ͮǰھѾǸʮĸҲӣЧ֮ȹӣھȻڳĻ
ھһҸЩԼҲǰƽھȹζȻ˵˵ѣҪ㡣
ͮ𾪣ھڿ㣬ھӹڿ㣬˿Ž·ڴУʵδ˵ѣֻھϣúŰ
ְͮǽڣƨɶң
ھȵ
ͮһΰܡ磬ŹҰɣҡҪʲôУ
ٷϻ㲻뱻ּɣҶ㻹ᣬҵ¿Ǵϧģ
ھݺݵ˵
ͮûа취ֻھһѿıһȹڣŪŴŮĽأһͣ⿪ϵ¿ۣڲͣ
ͮӵУľ飬ֻһֻȻղסھָֻͷͣתһֻŪھĶ飬ͮȫԡǿҵĿУʪ壬Ӳֱʱˡ


112 СŮƴ
ھкһ䣬Ȼֱ˺µѵ֣СŮͮȫվǰھ·ڴóһղ֮ǰ׼õġ
ھͮ˫ͮҲ׽ᷢ£ķ׷ѹ򣬷һ̼ھĴݲ
@@ھǽߣͷ⣬ʱҧһָֻͮͻڣͮ弤¡ھָͷŪˣͮ磬ھһҧ£ھֳ壬մ͸Һ壬ھõǰװͮİҺ
ھͷ˳Ȼ󽫿޴ߡѰҺĨԼļϣļ͵ʱǰֱ
ʱˣھתͮͮѹǽϣ˫ǿзֿͮһ˫ȣ˫Ϊӥצץľ鲻ţָнͷǿͷڡ
ͮ˫ֱţھĹ޻֮ھͷ಻ţǻ㴼ζھΪ˷ܡ
ھǰ˴糤ļѶͮϣݹͷڣ̨Ѿװˡ
ھﵹ壬ģһ
֮ıǷһھͱʵʵĲͮĻڡ
ͻȻʧȥ֮ͮʹ棬ھʹݡ
@@ͮڽھļֿͣھÿһ¹ھļȴᣬϷ׮һԽԽ졢ԽԽ͸ķڻŴŮѪ˿ͮѿ޵滨꣬ھ˿ûᣬƴĿС
ھļѶľͷȵĹͷͮӹھͮڵĽѹӹǻڴԽѹԽͮھһصھļ͡
ۡ㡭㡭ˡš㡭ŹҰɡҲҪš
ͮھĴ߳ţһʹĽл
ˬһΡͮҵľҺɡ
ھҳ̣ڣͮѨ汬

ͮھĹ̾Һһ壬˫һڵأʹޡ
ھЦ˵ֻͮǸոտʼҪż
˵ţھѹ·Ž⿪ͮǿǰãŽͮ鹵ոŮŨŨ㣬ھסͮͷ˱⣬һ뵽ǰСŮӵеķӯ飬ʱھȫĸй񾭾ͱ̼ԽԽֱظҧͮĽ顣
ҪҪ㡭Ҫۡš
ͮоһ˺ѰʹһϵʹȴԶԶȲеıʹ
ʱھѾ쵽ͮĴڲ࣬ʼͮСѨ
ʱͮȫʼð㺹ĳھʱͷٴСװŪͮǷۺɫͷ
ͮĵʹ֮ǿŲгʱȴҲ̲ס˳ˡھ𡭡ˣܡܲ˰
ھ˿ᣬΪͮѾ״ݻˣܽ˻ΣͮѾעһ˽һˣһϸĵͮÿһ۵ļֱͷĿɰСͣһһһһš
ġˡܡ硭󡭡㣬𡭡۸ˣܡܲ˰
ͮϵĽģһδ˿Ҵ̼ĸй1ѾŮ˵֣СֻֿݣǱǡ̼
ھٽͮĽ׵Сȶǿʼǣ˹򵽽ۻĴڲ࣬ͮʱ˿ѾҲܲסţ áֵĸоš
ʱھͷѾ𽥽ӽͮʺѨ
ͮͻȻһСˣܡ㡭Ѿǿˡ㡭ŹҰɡ
ͮΪ˱һϣ֪õĵֿ
ͮѨѾʪ͸ˣҺúõΪɾɡҲϣҵּɣ
ھЦ
Ҫھ㡭ɶ񡭡
ͮߵĿš


113 ͮ
ֻھ˱ʱ
ͮͣҡͷ޽У𡭡áߡúߡ
ھֻ˱ͮѨɫ֭ˮʱƬʺŪţþͮǿŷ·һķۺ٣ʱͮ뼫ҵĸйٴ̼ŤţԵȫɢ޵̬
ͻȻͮθоھĸǿ̧ͷھ§ס
ڵϣ
ھ˵ɳȥɣͮļϷڲſʼأ
ھͮߵɳߣɿ֣ͮһɵɳϡ
ھŹҰɣˣҡҶѾǿˡ㡭ͿյһϣŹҰɡ
ͮԵú
ͮȻ㶼ѾǿˣǶһһôˬˣȻٲĺô
˵ţھͷѾʼķ۾һ·СԸжֺ촽ȥͷδЪҼɵģһһ¡
ھɵŪ⣬ҪͮԸеشһѰ㣬ͷڱƽزǲһӾ۽˫ɢŨŨĸ鷿ֻ鷿žתҸˡ
ͮû뵽˱Ҹ£ʱһǰδеǿҵĿ˲ȫ
šŶҪŹҡ㡭ˡҪ˰
ͮ˲ܵĿд̼΢Ĳϵھٶ˱ͮĿмӣսǴһСߡ
Ҫ
ͮԲϷܣูܵĿУȫԼھٶȰͷתͮǰҸƹȥ
İͮԻǵһΣֱɬҪо뵽ٸһλᣬǶҲӦھ
ھͷѾС𽥽ӽͦ˫飬ΧȦȦһͷͮȵķԼͷ֪ѾŻķȣھͷŽӽΧ˳ĿмȫȻ鷿һ۵ͷⷭŪմ˿ˮۿ𽥳ѪӲ
áģҡҡô뷨ҡѵǵ𡭡
ͮüͷȻ𣬵ͷαھһ˱ڵĿȴԿܵġ
鷿˱ţͮͦ˱΢Ųš˷ǿҿȴƽһεľ飬ʱͮΪʲôİһֱⴥԼеĲλֻΪɿڴزĽưˡ
ھұߵ鷿ٶȻߣһ飬ᵯŽ۵ͷ
มมˡม
ͮھǿʵ
ھ鷿ҪѹƵ鷿ǰҵ鷿ȦȦţͷȥɢŨŨͷʹͮȫʱ뼫˵ĿеУȫֿ˼ĿУĹܸҲ֪İǺܲѰģһܵ˻ֵİʽʵڿ˵УҲܿԼΪͮ壬ôİ򶼲ɣ
มมมมมมมมมม
ھͷˣٵĻͮƽ̹׵Сϡ֪ͮھҪֱӷԵļнԼ޳ĴȣھΪղѾһСѨˣԴʱûǿֻǴǿ¶ĺںڵëϸųζѨ˵Ĵȸëǵش¡ºͷһԴɫٽıСڣǾİ޳Ĵ֮һغմżɫ֭ˮĲԭƬõ廨һ㽿εķۺһһţʱɹɫ֭ˮ촽ڰѪǽһ㣬ֱӡڰ뿪ϡ
˿̣ͮѾԼǿ飬Ѿ˱ѡ

ͮĲģŷŮζ̼ھȫĸй٣ͷ·ַٸҲ޷ˡ
ม
ͮھֻΣᶶʺѨ治ϵɫ֭ˮ
ھͮѩ׵Ĵ֮䣬ϵĵطͷš
ҪมҪҪҪ


114 䣬СŮϣ
ͮͦھͷĻظһ顣ھסѨԵ»ͮӯӯһյ֫ʱѣ΢΢ֱŴȣһڶʺѨɫ֭ˮѽѨͿĨġھ촽ȥһ淢ζεѨ֭ҺͬʱʺѨ
áһ㡭มҺˬ
ͮҲ̾Լ˵Ļ
ܿͮѨɫ֭ˮٶȵӿûھ⣬оЩѨҺͬͮĸо۸ʹԼ뷨ͮԼеõȤġ޳ѩ׵ĴȸΪ󵨵ĳſҶԳƵ濪ʼһƬƬ˱š
มԡš򰡡ม򡭡ม㻹ǡ򰡡ˡš
̲ͮסĽгϸİʺѨڲȴϵӿȵҺھ˱ɫ֭ˮͷѨƬʺ컨ֿرŲ¶˵ۺɫСͷɫ֭ˮʪ⡣
ǹ⾰̼˻ѣ򯾴飬ǷۺɫʱͮͻȻССľΣھ̼١
รҲˡมġ
ͮʺѨ緢һɫ֭ˮȻҷֿĴȶս̼ܵ΢΢̧
ôม
ھһΰôͮȫ˲ͷĤϸУһֱ̧ſ˵޳Լʹɫ֭ˮӿʺѨ˵
ھͮһ壬ҪȥȥǣǶðѷͷڲССꡣĸйٴ̼֮£ͮѨ治ӿɫ֭ˮھָʺѨ棬࿪ڲС꣬һɫ֭ˮһ찴סƬʺ컨˱
졭ˬˡมˡҡҺš
ͮ岻ĿʼӭھĶھҲٴԸеٻȥۺѱɫ֭ˮʪ͸ֱֱͦţھñǼⶥţٽͷڡͮٴβһǿҵľΣָϰԸеشѾȫ׹Ԩ
ܲˣม졭มҪˣ㡭㲻ҪŪˡ㡭ˡš
ھĴһӽͮȲӭȥָֻ޷ҪĽץɳָϵزŪ꣬ȵɫ֭ˮҲʺѨ治ϵ˳
ھûͮİָ˽ȥʱͮʺѨһǿҵָĻ
มھܡҡˡม졭ˡ
ͮѩ׵ĴȼԴۺɫļΪջİݡѪƬꡣһλʱûɫ֭ˮ֮£һŨŨա
ھڵذϸһȥ⸧֮ɫ֭ˮϵĲ𾢵˱Ǵֱͮ岻ͷȥּķӦϸ֦ͦʺѨɫ֭ˮٵ
ھȫͮѩ׵ĿУȻͷᣬͮȴһҲֻͣн죬ÿ춼ܸеÿȥÿһëÿһƬ꣬ʺѨ⣬ֻϣ˱̧ͷʱѾմͮѨɫ֭ˮ
ֻʱͮ淺ϢھЦС˵ͮҵ
ͮʱȻ˵˾䡰ɣ
ھϲ½⿪תͷȥǣ˳ȥھ˫˫ȼ䣬ſȣıλУȽ洦к޵ëŽǶȱھڷ䶯
㻵ˣ
ٿ˽ӣԳҲ˲ãǹ
˵ܡһ㡭
ھѨǻߣʱĥ١ʱòʱѵˮƵǳѨڡھôĵ뿪촽뿪شϢУɿ͵ģھɸоĶˮڡ쳣֮ʣؽ˫ͦھ⽫λԸ
ˡҪҪͽͷŹҡ
ھֽ̬ģؿһ򣬽Ѩڡ

ڽ¶ֹʵıѹ⻬˵ȣڵھıڶײӭϡ
𣿡
ˡҡҴûô
ͮʱѾ֮ʹޣʼֺܵʹ̼ˡ
ھͮĳɻذٰࡣͷǳһ
һͮܽԵýھ˫ۣƺšͬʱһûͮĻͮĻܼеھһ顣۵ĹͷˢţһƵɹͷԣʹھͷһŭϲųѪѪܣʹͮխĥ档ͷȥֻͮİųͼϽϳ
มมҺððš
вסѹֵţ΢𽥷ٵĺ
ˮ߰ҡڲ߲ͣӭ˱¡ƽϳƽҳŪһ˫ȣ̲סҡţ㷢ɢҵŷ۾ʤ̣̣
ٴ죬ڶ
มม㡭
ںУֻĽ˫ۣͷһζšխᣬĶ쳣ҺӿȪʹھǰȥ߽һ˫ץŴ˫ڣ˴ݽҧ촽һӣǿʶһ󣬿ؽšรҪ𶯡ҡûˡˡˡҡҪˡҪ찡ҳɰ
ھ˳⣬ɽ𤣬񾥶Ķֻ˱Źͷ¡죬ӿ̵ھһȪӿĹؿڣھþ˫ѹزʹǰ༷磬һȪɸֱӿͷ䡰ߣ
ھ߳ร
ͮһ裬һ֮󣬱ȫ̱ˡ
ھйڵذϢһͮɳϴв֡


115 䣬СŮ£
һھָһͮеһҪһҪ

ͮŵûɢе㣬㣡ġĲˡŹҰɡ
ģҲУҪˬҲɣ
ھЦ
ţھ֫ͭŪ״ѩ׻ԲĴƨɸ߸߳ϡͮȻڳƣʱּе㡭Ҫʲô
ھͮκְסͮĴƨɣߵƣеͮҪľջƨ۶ҲӦһƬŮذɣ
ͮһŵûɢҪԣﲻУ԰㲻Ҫ˰
ҲУ
ھݺݵ˵ҷҪɣ
˵ţ˫ڷ۵һŪ׼ˮë׵СѨĲ˽ȥֻ̡һûѨǻ֮Уˬͮȫ飬ֻеСѨ֮ɵ˽Уáھ㡭㲻Ҫɡҵĺ𡭡ôֲǰˡɶ񡭡áˬô󡭡ô֡ھɡҵСѨ
ھ͵ĳͳ壬СѨѸٵĳ˴ˮɳϡϣֱͮ泩ԼĿһĴȫֱɵ۷Ҫγˮ㺹ĳϡ˫ٵźϷһĽ
ͮͦӭţѩ׵˫´ǰҵĶھ˳ͮ⻬ıӺץס˫ꡢŪ鷿ͷһʹͮˬ˵˽Уø硭ͮĺϹġô󡭡ɵͮ桭áˬˬͮġͮá硭СѨáˬ
ʱСѨѾɵĴ󿪣ˮͬйһʹô˳֮ڶͻȻھѲĹĴ˳ˮĴɽֻͮеȫһ飬Ҫѹжѹɵķáø硭ͮҪ졭塭ͮƨ۶ҪγءͮĺϹá硭װְ֡Ҫƨ۶
еһͻȻͮһʹġѽĲҽԭھѰγմ˷ҺĴһζ׼ͮľջȥͷѾƨ۵֮УϾջխСûоѣھĴ˶ޱȣ۵ͮȫսʹİϹáۡ졭γͮľջʹҪˡ
ͮļս޷룬ھò˫ͮ鷿СѨࡢŪһ߰οͮšû¡һͲˡ
һھ˫ֵħͮȫ˷Ҳɶ˷ھеͮı仯ûǰһ̡ͦһȫûͮƨС
ͮٴβҽһѽۡСܿγ̫ˡ
ʱͮ۵ˮɫҰףͷֱð亹ֻеƨлķ͡ʹ̲ɵǰ
ھ˫ֽסͮΣͬʱеƨеİΧ͡ѹɵĳ鶯ƨгɬɬģѣһֱζĿдӴȫھ˷ܵĳ鶯ͮȴҽʹ˺˰㲻ɵƴİáø硭ͮܲˡҪۡͮˡءҪܡͣҪˡͮˡŹҰɡ
ŷھĴĳ룬˺ѷεʹʹͮ޹⡢ɫҰһ
ھʱţͮеջвôʹһԵ飬ʹĲ֪ĿдƨдȫҲںˣŤھĳ塣
ھʱеͮľջտʼʱôɬʪʹôĳˣɵļӿ˳͵ٶȣݺݵĳͣͮҲᵽһСѨûеĿвɵİӭײηžžĻֿͮʼáϹˡù񫡭ͮĺͥˬϹĴ󡭡áðɵͮľջ֡
ͮͮĺͥýеĴáˬͮҡѽáͥͮ㡭̫ˡ
ҵԽϣĽڿտдšͮ鼱ٵǰζҪͷӲͦСѨ֮ˮϵȫ㺹ܣȻͦӭϡ
ھҲҵĳ鶯δƨۺݺݵ͸ɣ˫Ҳסͮ鷿СѨŪ
ļй£ͮһ󼫶ȵĿˣֻмٵĴϢͨйԼĿ֣ҵĺáϹø硭׸硭ɵͮľջˬ硭ɡͮľջϹ硭Ϲͮȫ㡭ˡɡŶŶ
ͮû뵽㡭ôá㡭áջеҵġ󡭡áˬŶáͮľջҵĵġŶŶɡ㡭ҵͮ
˼ҵĽϣһĿеĴ̼ʹھͮԵԽ
ͮŴһһ͵Ĺȫƨ۵飬ʱĴȫÿһطСѨҲϵˮϵӿͮ˷ܵĴͮĺáø硭Ϲ̫ˡ硭ġô֡ȡɡɡͮľջջˬáø硭̫ˡͮԺáϹɡջˡͮҪйˡھӿ˳ٶԽԽ죬ԽԽݣͮȫһƨҧһһˮйСѨźϲѡ
ͮھͮľջаγޱȵĲͮ˷ܵСѨ֮Уĳ壬ˬͮ˷ӭϡ
ͮ˷ԽһھĲѨ£ͮйһһΣйȫţھͮϴѸٵĳ鶯˶ٶ£ھֻеͷһˬɵĴУŶáͮСҵҵáˬҪˡ
һļѨȥһɹ̵ľҺͮӹˬͮĴҲй˳ɵšŶŶá̡ġҺͮˡáϹͮáˬͮйˡ
˽ıһŸ߳ĿУǵĺлص
ӣھһĸˣ˴糤ľצͮоˣǺ¡
ھվ˵ͮ죬һ
ʱַͮϼ֣Ȼǿʹ࣬һ˵Ҫߣ滹ôĵĶͮɡɲԲҪ
ֻСѨˣ
˵ţھҪͮ
Ҫ
ͮһæ˿ھɣԼҲѵģֻ˵
£ͮ͹ھǰΪŪߡȫ޾飬ȫھеش
ھһУһ˫ȴӲţһһֻදģ飬ʱĳ鶯͡
ھļͮĿǻڲͣ壬ʪĿǻͷϴ̼ھÿһ񾭡
ˡ
ڣھǵҺȫڣھžҺŮǲϵ£ͣڿԣеǰδеĿС


116 ɫ
º󣬳޾еͮڳ׳ھĿ£ھͽѰؼɫ
1987꣬ѡС㣬ﲢеż׼ϱּѣǵһΧܾļ󱻺ѡݺָ°ݣڴȰ˳ѡȻȻΪСԸеĲߡ
ѡߵǩԼѸٳΪߵĵһ÷޷ᡢٻɽʫơ硢ޱųߡŮ;ȴʤһѡᡢＰĵˣ·һ˳ϣڸȦһŮǣӰƱǱţ̫ϽǵԸȴףһȣ֮
1988꣬õ˵ʶӰ̳ڶಿӰеǡײݳĵӰǡײа1992꣬ڵݼİ£һ崿󣬸Ը·ߣڡдݳƬͶгڱѣҲ֮һڶ죬Ůaagidicһ·춨ԸŮλҲƾƬ1993۵ӰŮΪȦǡ
ԴԺ40ಿӰƱգȻȻҲΪԸеĴԡȻƷΪ˼ȴδĳƺţ෴
Ǻܻܶ࣬ӭԭԸȻģڶǺӪ죬ԸлƤϻۿˣ˸ԡ춨ԸŮ񡱵ĵλ
ˣݼȦҲпڽԱģ1997꣬ʵɳԵӰ䡷˶Ŀһ£ͬ
ѾǩԼھĹ˾Ϊ˾һԱ
յҵǲʧģ֪˵Ľ΢ҵĿɢȥ
ھɢĿԼİ칫ϱĿСϢͻȻһĶ˵𣺡ܣ
ԱߣС㣬ˣ
ھǰһֻһλƯŮվԼǰ㣬ƤۣԼʮ꣬ŻĶȹ׵ӳĵӰʩ죬ȥ޶ֱȽϺʵǰذѵ¶ԸٸӯĲҡҷˣԸе촽׵ݣЦֳɰСѣֻЦκ
治ǹϵľھ̱ˣͻȻоˣЩԾԾ
С㣬ŲһǰݡרҡҾͳΪʵ˿ˣڡǡݵС޾ףҶѾãֻûл㡣˵֮һ˺һأܹټҵĹ˾Ǻܿģ
ܣǶǹȥˡҽصллܹң
С㣬̫ˣ㵱һĴŮϵԣܼǹ˾ҵҲǵģ
ھο
ھοοƽĲΪм
˵Сѷˣ
ھʵ
ǵģлܹģ
һϸ˵ԼԭѾʶһ߸˧ѣϢӰ޺ţ˭֪ǰЩƱҵҲˣû취ֻýȦϷծ
һ߿࣬ھϹųЦݣæ˱ȣˮעС㣬㲻ġܣлҿģ
һЦ޽ǵ㷢ʼԼܣûôϷѾܶˣҹҪܳһʱָܻǰǮϣȻܵһǵĴҿǩһʮԼ
ھһװעţһ߽ŵˮĻøˡֱ۰ֱۣȰŴȣżĵԺ
ȻоھЩ飬˵ȴðѷбֵ̫ԣⴥŭ̸Լھͷ˵˵ǿԿǵġ
ĵһЦ˵ܣйִֻ֪࣬Ҫһ仰һԺܿٴλģ
ھٵһЦ˵С㣬֪һˣԵ޹ʵİ㣬ǰɣ
˵ѾϣȻӯӯһգԸоĽţļⶼˣһʱȴҶ
ھĶЦҶСĽѾã֪ûлһɫأ
૵ܣҵѴ֪ģæ£һӶ
ھЦһһӼסģ
˵ţԲظš
ǺվΪܵ˴δй裬ЩЩ⣬˵ܣ


117 
ھһЦ˵ȻҲǿ㣬ǸƯŮˣǰһǳɣǷծˣҪ뿪㣬ɣǮô
ߵſڣھȴϾ˵£ִƽ͵˳ΣҲǴŮˣûʲôʧжٱݡеλŮַõôǻúЦƶЦҪߣҲ㣡
һݱȻţ˰칫ϵļҲһۡ
³칫ţ粻ѣ˲ãԼˣ˳ȥǾ˵һԼҵûǮծ
飬ƵĹţйƤƵĵɳϡھİļ£߹ȥ£§סļ꽿һ͵ؾ˹ץ֣ȴҧŴһԲ
ھ˵С㣬İɣ㲻˵Ҳ˵Զ֪µģţȦܼңһǾôұ֤㹻ϷģһһŮǵļ۸񣡡
˵ḧŵļ米һֻѵ£˫档
ƻȴûзֻǿʼϸϸĴϢ׵ҧ´ھһ㱡֣ʼ촽ľϣļһ𣬱˫Ŀֽ⿪£˳Ļ棬ʵ壬صشţʱӣңоֻ˫ƻ𣬻̱ԭģҲǱӲ
ĵ׸еͲϵı仯޷Ƶġ֪䣬Ѿ׵Ľ⿪ͦε壬ٸβȥ⣬˴ݲе
ھĴֲͣ˫ִʱȥʺѣеļ壬ܵĴһ˵ĿӿͷҲǵӡĵס
Ḻ̌ţһȴڵϣھſ壬Сƽ̹СϸŪһӺһ̽ȥ⿪¡
𡭡ҪšҪ
ǽŵӣŵ˵һ˫ĵۿھвĿ⣬һ˻ѩʨӣһӾͻˣϸǣھȴѳô˻˵֮䡣
곤ëڸµ˫۽޵Ŀھæµţͷҵҡţ´оʱſԸеС죬һ˵Ҳ̼ھԼĳĿӣһ˫۵˴ȺȻ¶
ھŴѵѹư˽ĵȫŮ˵ҲѱŪʱѳɥʧ˷ʶھûͷС춥˫Ҳʧأ˳ƽͷ
ššš̡̡š
ֿˣھͷĿз˱ȥͷھҵһִ壬һɢɦŪţ˫Ƚȥˮ֭һֱϵʪ˷ݺɳҲŪʪָ
ҲǷ޳ڷ־ӵԭ򣬳мįѾõҲסھӲŪš
ھ߳Լɵ£ԭׯԽɢ˫κ죬΢ţԸеĺ촽΢ţļϸ⻬ͬһ㣬ٸȻˡ
ھſ꣬ߣֳߣҵСܵܰɣ
ߵ˫ۿҪ
ھǣסŭǵھϴĳ³ζջš
Ŷ
һˬĸоֱţ̫ˬˣ
ھְŪ鷿ָᴥͦͷͷǱϡһ÷ΰĿеƵĻصڣ΢ס˫۷ġ
ܣʼģ漴÷ͬʱشԽ΢΢¡Сһ緼ݸǰĵطſָŪŲݴԣŮΪص۴ڣؽ߷ֿ
ս鳡ֲëɬСＱæŪŮַ꣬ԵøӴݣǹɼˣѪҺͬƵģʼϢ

Ǵǻȼʹѩ׵ĴƵſ⣬ھͻȻһӯŵͷм䣬ܸеǴսصм䡣
ͻĶȷʵһͻȻжϣͻȻɵɵ۾ûвʵͼʼһԲͷĸڲ࣬ڽӽǷ¡縷ʱͼƵģޣҪ
ʱŻѾ޴ˣ촽ѾǴԷС˫ְͼܵ°̶סҪֿ˫ȵʱ򣬡У
˻ߵؽ¡̱ҴžʧǻھһҲΪһûоɶȷʵھΪģҸӼٸٸԴлζҰġ
ƴ沿ս˫ȣ˫ּҪֿ˵ʹĽššȥ֮ķȻ˫ȸһиھץסһ˲䣬Ѹֿ˫ȣڴе۴
ھ˫ھǧŴﵽķݴУ⻺ǻ´£Ӻһ꽩ӲѸٱ
е޿εģͷڵĸУذԡѸٵʪˣصѰͻ˳ÿʼѿ͡ڵֻĽüΪ̰ģԼһŮص۴ƴϴա٣ⰮͶŪ£һʺĻſ
Ů˵ַר־ӣŲᣬ壬ٸֽסǸӲ۾һֱؿŰ̽ĹͷĽĴϣԲ⻬ĹͷųţΪͦ˶󿴵ָ̯ײ׳¶ȥ
ǰûϸ˵ıʱȵĿһҺӹͷӿָסʵҺоĹͷȡʱҺʵָϡջأקһܳϸ͸ָ߳ŵ촽ͷһ£ߴָתƵͷϡ
꣬ã
ھ̾
ҲȫУھõһŪִʱͷŰ
ͷھŸһƵ΢Цһζı走ԴһŪţȹӶѾĴϣʹƨɳ׵ر¶ھܲŪʱı飬ǷԵ࣬޳ȿϣһ§Ըеƨɣȥˮ֭ܵѨ
ھ۵۴ʱܹоɢ³ѨڣҧסƬǵ۴˱ţĴ̼̲סţͬʱӴ˰ȡھ§ԸеβͷѨ֣ȥĥۻڡ
ԽԽѨдˮ֭ѽŪʪھմˮ۵ָ쵽ǰߵýŤһߡ
ھָŪʪ˵۴ҡŻԲƨɶšھŵͦǸǼӲصïķݴУѲηĵֹֿŵذһ˫չ·Ҳڴ˵Ľϡֻʪ˵Ļһò͹٣ŷ·֮ͷʱһϲȥ²ĸоǿķ·ŵ˰ա
ʱȫκαװھ˳Ͻһ֡
ǿ۰׻ķȣڷӳµ˽޵ˮҡ΢΢Ŀھ˽֮ԼɷҲûϸؿһӿֽ˫ۣ·ʹǰľ̬
Ƿʵ˫ȴ¶ĵ뷨˿߳ܵһ𣬲סضţϸ۵ͻͻֱ˿̵ͷ磬糺죬ȫ㣬̬ˣھѾҲ̲סˣסԼŭͦ׼ɳϵٸݺݲ롣
ִӲ˳ʪȵѨصز˽ȥ˳һ嵽ףеԼʪȵѨȻһִȵļһһݵĳʵкǸ̷һı͵ؾŤ
ƨҪھһ֧ɳϣһסϸļ磬ʹ޷ѣžһһůܵѨصس
찡ٸǽ۵ܴôֱһ԰ھ˷ܵƮƮɣеܵѨסԼͻȻͷƨһһ̧ģĿУھ˫زβ̧ߣȻѹ꣬س
ھ񱩴³ļ£ׯĵ꼸Ǻ޷ƾҼţϴйšɳ۷屻ȥֵһԷҲõƵԾš
ζھݲݽҪݲϺ٣ԹԵضԼڴϣԼĿϣˣֻⳡجΣƻվŷֿĴȣϣһ壬ھһͦһͦϹţ۵Ծš
˫ֻӯʺƨɣò˫ۻסھĲӣҡϸ֫۾
һ˫ѩ׵ĴȴڵϣΪԸСٵƵԺ䷢
Ūһھһ߸⻬ıһɳϣ˫֧ϣŤƨŪϴˬоһ§ѻУһֽ§סԲƨɣͦӲܵѨпٳţ귢һ³¿ֵ
ʱھתɵϣǰҲûԹʽԺӵת۷Բ¡̵ķΣסմˮ֭ĽѨ׼ȥŶ
Ѩĸоˬ϶ûӲȻβСĵŤţΪ˵ľֹһյͨ죬ǻƻϼˡ
ϵٸھ㣬ͣ§סѨпٳ壬ž̡ž̡ž̡
ĥĴˮ֭ϴ´
žžžž̡̡
ھҲ಻סѨԽԽͣԽԽ
Ľصھ칫Уһٸ׹䡣
ĳ弸ʮºھ㺹ܵ£Ӻڡ׸߸ߵ𣬽ɰնʱɬƨϵķۼŮеܰ͹⻬겻ȻŤƨɣǼӲȵһ۵Ѩд̣߹ٸ޹ǵسһ

鲻Խطһǵļʵĸо䡣Һƻڲ˰㷭
̫ˣ
Ƶʽؼӿ죬һ߸̾һߴնƨŤתĳ̡ĹԽص⣬һ趯·ɣҲһζͽǲϴ̼ŪʱΪе϶ĥʱص䣬ݺݵţǸʹݵطˡ𽥵ӦĽ࣬ÿĿ˰ϯʱüٸ߿ԣˮȥʱֻ὿شϢ̾Ϣ
ʱھǸɫֶָӣµߣָӼַָĸ߳һȽļҲһۣǻԻͲõıŷͬһԣسݳУĸ߳һһǳʵʵǡ
ܸеھǸڵͣס˫ۣ϶ļ⣬еĸоѼ¸һ֮ϣѹ£һĿԻסˣʹ˻ĸоһһȫչħĳụ̂Լ壬ƴذǷ¡һ
买¡صһһ׸ļƷڿУǸںڵצһ±ߴ̴۴вλ˲䣬ȫҵز
ھĴزγԸٸѨѰߵĿУŮ΢С죬ĽģüëԹ͸һ˿˷ܣѾְ״̬ˡ
ĳʵӦʹĵײ˼ȵ߳ܺУеԲԼɷ򣬿ͬʱѲ˽ȥ޷԰Σһ־ͷʹŬʹȴĿǰĴھתųλʱԲβͷǵĹĹȫȫĳǰ
ŨܵķŹĹһֱ쵽šھûǰѹԸеϣ̡
һϤⶴˡ
ٸǹͻĶ׮ƵĶŪšֻѨڵƤߵİߵĦһ˿϶ûˣһ㣬ܲˡˬҪءءҪˡ
ԽԽˣķҡڣžžžءม
ھҲ޷Լļ飬ִѾǵ޶ȡĴСⶴûһ˿һ϶
šš귢ʶھĸоѨеƣ˱ȵÿγ鶯ĥڣλŮǶô°ͷںڴ׳ĻԲ۵ȼǽСϸнţλ߹ׯŵٸȴУ̫ˬζʵ̫ˣ
ھһһʹѵĽϵĿƵĳ롣ٸҵĿ籩꣬ʼţѨˬҡϹѽ硭̫ˬˡ
ңҰҿЩ壡
ھ
ͬʱҲԽԽ˷ܣҵĳ壬ɿظͬһ

ϵִ϶ѨУ

ϵʣ󡭡㣬󡭡㣬ңҰɣҵġҵ壬ЩҰɣܲ
ھþȫӽţҰɡ졭ҡҡ
һеС죬һͦƨɿٳ壬⽥ӿ
죬㣬죬졭
ƾѵԾ飬оѨеӴִ󣬼Ծγ֣֪Ҫйò̧ͷſС죬㡭ܡáˡҵĺõܵܡңҵɡҡҪˡ͡졭ҡ̫ǿˡѽ
ھʶĽס˫裬ĲѨУģͷһһţ϶ӹ³Ĺ̵ҽһɹɹ̵ҽٸúѨġļ̼ѨҲˣ

һŮ˴ƶ˱µԨĽк׹ŮջҲһ˴׹µķй
ھſʱ˶񱻳ȥ˹ͷƵģ̱ɳϣֻ¶Ų΢΢ŵķ۵Ĵƨϣ׵Ѩһʱ޷պϣһɴ׵Һﻺ˳һľɫ
龰ھҲɵ˷ӲȵĴ󼦰ͣûκ׵ľͦڿǵ÷ʹھû뵽ԼȻ˵ľִ̼ܲһڿˮھɵаģɧǣˣż£ͱ˼Ūý
뵽ھɵٴκ
ھ֮£ˮĴ۾УҲѾʼ˸ĹâˣȻٴ鶯ˣھоԼĴķζԵķϺ֮ǴŮܣĶĵطϸţϴֻȵĸоʹھıϢҲɵĽĴ
ܣҪвУܵϴһϴ!꣬ģ
ôһ˵ھɵ΢΢һ֣һƨߣھһֻĴϣһĴϸţһЦĵôôżϴ裬ǲһԧԡѽ
ھôһ˵Ľɵ΢΢һ̧ͷĵĿھһۣ˼Ҳϲһϴ裬ɷûй
ԭովھڵĴ鲻ɵ˶Ȼڹؼʱƿھȴȼ
֮£ھٴսһԷйһԼģھֿʼԼ굱Ȼإʾشúܸɴ
ھҲΪ뵽Լ֮һĻһʹֿһ˫ˮĿϵĿԼɵһȣ΢΢һþ뽫ĽŵɳϣԼѹȥΪΪ
ȴû뵽ȴһ壬û˳ھ˼ɳϣĵĿھһۺ󣬵ܣȥϴһϴɣ㿴㣬ϳģˣ
ھ֮ǿӽİŵǴ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطϺݺݵһ£ǵ꾪һ󣬲ŽͷյĶߵһϴû˼ѽеĻһϴѽ
ΪرҲھĿһ£أҲŲһϴ!˵ԺʲôƵģôһ˵һϴһϴˣеĻһ£ϴһϴ
˵꣬Ҳھش𣬾վԡ˹ȥ
ǿӵİ֮µķ߶ҵҡţھֻһȣɵҲվ뵽ԡ֮С
ȴû뵽ȴͻȻתܣɲܸѽһẦߵģ
˵꣬ĵĿھһۣתͽԡңһ֣ͽŸ
ھһ㶣ɵ㬵һԡˮ뵽ھĶòھ񾭣ʹھͬеԳǻˮֵ︡龰ھֻһСʹھļӲȵĴ󼦰Ͳɵͦ
ֹһھʵ̲סˣɵ̧ͷԡ˹ȥһ֮£ھɵһϲԭھԡҵžȻŵġ
ھɵ΢΢һ֣ɧǣԭȽȥ빴ҺҺԡսѽӷֵ磬ȻĻǰװ׵Ĵһõʱ𣿡
뵽ھҧҧæҵĽ·ƿԡҵ˽ȥ
һԡңھͷ֣ھ޴ԡһĵĿŽھڿھһ˿ҵ߽ԡҺϲɵ΢΢һ죬ߵĽѩ׶ԡֻ¶һͷԡš
ˮȵԭɣϣѾܵĺ飬ɫҲó˫ʵ˫壬ˮ֮£Ҳֵģ˫֮γɵˮ￴ģģģ˲죬ӣҪôľжôģҪôջжôջ
ھľӵˣ꽿ĵɫһӣ˷Ӧ֮£ھɵԡ̣
Ȼھɵһ˫ɫۣ꣬һߣﲻɵ˻ˣ㲻ҪͲҵĻǽˣ滵!˵ھܻǿھ۾ȴЦ⣬һҲһھӡ
ڵѾھھϴһϴٺھϴսģû뵽ھȴԼһϴҪ
֮£ҲɵһԡҴսʱĴ̼ŮԵеĽʹ겻˼ӦھڽԡҺ󣬲ûнԡҵŷϣȴھ͸ԼͼŽڣеԸʵˣԲŻô˵ȴһҲûھ˼
ھѩ׶壬ˮУ֣ˮе壬Ȼȴһ˵ջھˮĸ˵壬аŮ˵ĽޣھŪˣھĸ죬Ҫúõĳһ⸾˷ɧζ
뵽ھɵ˷ǺԶģʱھɵһֻţһȣˮУھȻܸоȵķϸ壬ɵĽ΢΢һýֺ⻬Ĵϸ


118 ռ
ֻôϴһĸоɵһȣִ̼ܵ꽿Ŀھһۣ㣬Ｑʲôѽ˼һûϴɾأ˼Ūģ˼ôϴѽ
ھ΢΢һЦƶ壬ߣһ§סĶߵôҰϴ𣿡
ɫһ죬ĵĵھһۣȴûгı飬ȻĬˡھ꽿ߵӣвɵһ֣һֻ§֣ʼţһţĹ⻬ϸ壬һ߻ָϸϻȦ
ھû뵽ƤȴôĺãȻˮУھܸоǹ⻬Ƥܸоǹ⻬ƤԼָ·ļƤ
оھϵľٶһ΢۾ͷĿھļϣ૵ĵ֪𣿺һҺаȫУҿԲٹĵˣ
ھ궯ĻижɵĽԼĻ
һĶһĶĵ꣬һҲκε۸ˣͷİɣ
һھĻһĻζԴԼ㷢Ͷھ촽ĥţһ߽ıסھúһʵĸо
ھһĻȦһĶڵھǷ˺棬޲ϾͰˮúõһٺݺݵĲ壬Լ´˽УԼ´ﵽֵĸ߳
Ϊֵھ֪飬Ǽõģھǿѹеֻ֫ĸţĶš
ͬʱھҲоԼĶ֮£ƤԼĽҲʼŤԼϲͣĥš
Ȼˮ£ھȴܸоǲˮµĸʶ鷿ŤԼزͣı״
ֻãھ˫֣ͣԼϸţһͷҲԼĶİţǶ󵨣Լһĩĳ嶯
ˣһ߽§ھھĻŤ壬һھ֮£ķ˴Ϣ֮
ھϸһ󣬱㽫ĻţһƬȵӡʴβ
ʱŵԭھֻϰ벿ֵķΣھֻԼ嶯һֲֻɵ΢΢̧壬ζץúõһǷϵĵԺ
оھĳ嶯ɵһ̧壬ھյһ죬ַŵƨ֮£ھһֻƨ֮¡
ȻĵĿھһֲۣʵڸѹסˣҿ㻹ô
Ļھ΢΢һȻѹķ֮²ܶھָȴԶģǣھһָֻƨİ˰ֻƨɴһɵŲŲƨɣһ£ھָĻռ͸ˡ
ھ΢΢һЦָץסһƬƨɣһķΣķϵķ飬ھһߴչͷȥĶߵ㿴ѹסʲôãҲǿƨ𣿡
ĽھĻһŤͻ۸ңðɣðɣҪɣ
˵ţſ˫ַ֣ԡıԵ΢΢һ΢΢̧һ㣬ԼƨڿգھԼԲƨɵĸ
ھ˵Լһ֣֪ڵԼ֮£ѾˣھҲĵӴһֻƨµ֣ʼԵƨֻһֻȵĴ֣ԼƨϷţȻе³ȴһһĿУǱھĵط𣬺ܿľʹȫ
겻ɵͷ۾ʼھԼĿһͷΪ̧Ӷа߱¶ˮϵ鷿ԵøӵͻھĶһͷȴھĶˡ
ھʧ֮ʣÿ걩¶ˮ鷿ɵָʼ²Ĺ۲Ǳͦ鷿ˣھ˫壬Ƥ¶ˮ⣬˫մˮΣԲԲˮմ˫֮ϣ˫Եôѩףôˡ
ھ̲סˣһͷͰͷ˫֮䡣ȫһ޴ĿʹһͳŲסԼ壬æŬĲȥھͷԼ˫ĥԼĿУǰǿʵ̫ǿңʹǷ޵֮
ھͷ˫֮󣬲ûмжһѩ׵˫֮ĥţһ߱۾̰˫֮ɢĵζ
һŮԵĳԸеζ뵽ھıУ̼ھ񾭣ʹھеϢɵĴֻôڴڵھıһһµԼ˫֮使۵ļ֮ϣ·絽ԼĵһģԼȫһĳ嶯ҪйԼԼ˫ӵھӣеĸܵھԵ
ͷʹ֮£겻ɵ΢΢þͦ˫壬Լı˫ӵھھԼǿĿС
ھҲо壬Լ֮£ı÷ϵҲŨˮƵķȫÿһطھôĿɰôзϣôĳջ
ھĺɵļ˫ͷҲʼݵŤ·Ѱʲôڣھͦ˫嶥ϵһƬ̺죬Լĺ֮£Ĳš
ھлһһתһ죬ͷƬ̺ھͷһƬ̺ɦţһͷһƬ̺Χһͷ˻ȥΪƬ̺촵ھ֮£Ƭ̺ҲĲǰȻͦ˫ϽǴ
ֻһĸоƬ̺𣬳ԼڣʴԼ񾭣Լڵĸ
ܿĲˣʼΪҵŤ壬ʹԼĽ۵ӼҵھĥھƨµֵĶҲʼˡ
һʼھֻƨţڣھȴƨϻţڴƬƨмһƬھͣʼĸһƬ
һҲı飬˫Ҳ֧ŲסԼ壬ĻˮУھ֣صѹԼƨ֮£ﴭŴ꽿ĵĿھһۣŪʲôģˣ
ھоϵı仯֪ڿ϶Լˣ˿̣ԼͣҲ϶᲻ĵġ뵽ھһͷˮȫһе㣬ڸʲôﲻܶһģ
һ˵ţһֱͦ壬Ҳ˽УҲҵ飬һǵͨ죬ͨɫȴڸǲסüĿ֮˵Ϳ⡣
ֱھͷ̧ˮ棬һɵĺݺݴھһ£ĵôѽҵĻ궼ˣ
ھΪ⣬΢Цһ£һһεĽͷˮ͸ˮĿھͷ֮䲻̧ͣţȷֵÿģʱĽƨ̧ȻΪ˸õھͷԼ֮ĻϣҲɵĳҧгݵı飬Ȼھľ޴ĿС
Żһˮ죬ھͷ̧ˮ棬һٴεĽͷˮУһΣȴϽ§סھĲӣھͷˮͬʱ꽫촽ӭھﴭϢŵˣŪˣŪһܲ˶ģ
Ǻ˸Ŀھ֪Բԣȴû˵˳ӵӭԸеС죬˵һӴ̾ͷһ𣬿ھһ̰꣬˱һȴһֻ̽ˮУˮţҵĴȺ˳Ŵϣ֮ͦ
궶һ£ȴûгֹĽԭ΢΢ŵ˫΢΢ķֿһЩʹھֺ˳ľ֮䡣
ھ֮󣬲ûм֮죬ǽַ֮ǵشǴ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵط֮ϣھָץļë΢΢ĳë
оһʹɵĴھһ£ʹ
Ϊͱھͷţ仰ھĶѳ꺬
ھһָëһһֻ֣Ҳ֮䣬֮˵죬ָĽߵƤ˿һָǳ̽̽
ȫһһ˫ֲɵĽ§סھĲӣͬʱҲþھţ·Ҫͷ뵽ھ壬뵽ھȥһھĵôģʹ˶ĻԼ
ھָ֮ǳ֮̽̽󣬱㽫˳ŵǰһ㶣֪ھҪʲôھĿû뵽ĶôĺãˮóôľӨ͸һɣ
һߣھָմŵҺ壬ɵֱҺؾԼĶȻҹ˾ʱοʱҲԼζҪ굱ھ波һԼĶϾ˼
ˣɵİͷתһߡھǿӲĽͷת˹꣬ԼͷĶ˼ֽ֮ˮУͣٴóꡣֻһĸоԼһ嶯ɵı۾ͷھǸָһԼ֮еζӿģ̼꣬вɵ˸Һ塣
ھԼĻԼҺ壬ɵ΢΢һЦ˫ַ꣬ʾվ
겻ھҪʲôվһվŷ֣Լ֮䣬ھôĽԼԸоõھһĴԼ֮䣬겻ɵĺ
Сǵͨ죬ɵĽȽĲ£ңһ˫֣һ𣬸סԼ֮ǴŮܣĶĵط
ӣھһ֣ķֿ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطϵ֣֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطı¶ԼǰԵһ£㴹˫֣վھɫԵ۹⣬Լ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵط˲Ŀ쿴˸顣
ھǿ˫ֺ󣬶֮䣬ϸĹ۲ֻƽ̹⻬С֮£һ΢΢¡¡ôôˡ
¡棬һźںڵë΢΢¡ëİ¡֮ϣ滹մżСˮ飬¡ˣ¡棬ѩ׵ĴȸɢĹâഺĻͳĻ
֮䣬ȴ˽ȥγһĻΣ걳Ź⣬ʹ֮俴ԼԼĿУȴھ˸ռ䡣
ǸոյĴˮվģ֮仹ðŵʹ֮俴Ϊջ󡣶ңھ˽Ŀ֮䣬ʹھԼ·ŵ֮ɢ㡣
֮˷羰ھܿ;ÿڸɵһ·뽫֮ɢŮԵ֮е㣬ȫ棬õļһ
ھһҲ̲סĽͷ֮΢΢¡֮ϣĥ΢΢¡ë˳ƤĹ⻬
оھĶҲɵȫһȣһǰĩеĸоӿͷ겻ɵ΢΢˫ۣһţһ߿ʼĻζ֫ʹԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطʼھĥھ֮ĥһ֮󣬲ɵһ죬֮΢΢¡һȫͬʱ죬֮΢΢¡ϴһ߻ͷ֮΢΢¡ɦһɦΣһÿˮë
ãûھٳھ֪ŮҪʲôʲôطУʲôʱʲôһʴ̼ĸоӿͷ겻ɵ֣§סھͷһĽھͷԼ΢΢¡ĵطѹһǰͦ֫Լ֮΢΢¡ھ϶š
ھһϲ֪ԼŪѾ޷Բĵزɵ˫֣§סеԵβһ߽ھͷԼ֮ķѹһ壬ԱԼ֮Ϊͻھж
ͬʱоھһһԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡֮ϣȴԼһԼھͷͷ֮ĵطһ󣬲ɵ°ʾ⣬꽫ȷֿһЩ
ھİʾ֮£꽫ȷֵÿģֱֺԡıԵͣھһͷ֮䴩˹ȥȻһԡıԵͷϣһö׼֮صĵط
û뵽ھ˵Ĵ󵨣ԼȫԸеĵطھǰ¶ţɵĺһֱıͻӵӿͷʹ֮ǴУӿ˸ˮһһεĵھϡ
ھͷԼϵˮȫԼˮζ̼ھʹھɵϸĴܵĵطķ羰ˣֻ֮ĶһƬɫϡëھĺһһġ
Ƭɫм䣬һضΪĴȼųһ֣ʹ֮ǺɫƤ֮µѾһ¶˳ıԵȴһƬۺɫ⣬ĺһһĲš
·ʶϾҪ⵽ɦһǷۺɫĶˣȴһͻǱ󣬶Ķڣ滺žӨˮ
޵ķ羰ھﻹ͵סɵĽͷ΢΢̧ǶĴһ꽿һ֮ھɵͷǵɫͻ֮ϣһȻſ죬ƬɫƤݺݵ˱
ȫһȣоԼ֮Ǵһȵĸо·ҪϿֵƲʶһ겻ɵͬʱȫæַסԡıԵûԼѾ嵹ȥ
ھоˮԼͷ֮£һһھæſ죬ҺȽͬʱھͷŮȥڽŮԺ󣬲ŽͷһΣĲŮ
ֻоһ󻬶ϸĶ綾һɵԼòԼܿľ
ִ̼֮£겻ɵĿʼͣһһµ̧ƨɣԼŮʼھͷϳˮھһھһ߾ͷŮţһ˫֣ʴԸеƨţоǷʴβĹ⻬ϸ塣
ھĴ֮£Ƿ̵ͦķΣѸٵı״·ھ˵ԼĵĿͳ嶯
ھԽԽоһоڴӿоĲԼ鲻ԽΪֵھȻ֪Ӧôˣֻھɵİͷִ֮˳
ͷһھһƬģ֪ԼˮھɵһĽߣȴھʾԼӣ˫Ҳŵеˣھʾ󣬲ɵķ壬Ļԡ֮С
껹ûüϼͱھԼͷˮУͷոһˮУ͸оһӲӲĻȵĶԼĶţԥſ죬Ƕٵ׶ھ¶һ˿飬ͷֲɵĸӵþʹͷԼ֮䲻ͣš
һ󣬲ɿ֣긡ˮ洭·ҲղܣڴִֵĴ˼ֽͷȥھ֮˷ΣھԼҪըһ֪ԼѾﵽ˼ޣɵһ磬ʾ̧ͷ
ɵ̧ͷھĿԼɵĽߵĵͷھһھĶת壬ƨѰ׼ھ
ھͷƬƨм۵ĵط˼º󣬾ͽƨԼļӲȵĴ󼦰ѹȥ֪Ҫʲôɵ΢˫ۣһֻ֣ˮУץסھļӲļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣ׼Լ֮˶죬΢΢һþھļӲԼ塣
Ȼ岻ֹһεı˴ǴھļӲȵĴ󼦰ϴļӲȵĸо겻ɵĻһ˫ַԡıԵʼˮĸھӲļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣԼŮг
ھ˵ϣҲǰϲһ˫ҲסŮԼļͦ׶
ھоŮôĽİԼģŮдȶʪĸоھ֪Ů˼伫Ʒ
аϲ֮£ھҲɵ̧ƨɣŮжͬʱھԼһ˫ֽҲ쵽ǰ˫Ȼһ˽С
оԼ屻һȳʵĸоΧɵ΢˫ۣţԼĹ⻬ıھϣͬʱ껹оԼزһ˫ȵĴֲͣţԼ˫岻ͣı״ʹԼڵﵽ˱ıԵ
ھץס˫֣ͣ˫ϱ»ͻ˫һͻ˫΢΢ͻ𣬷һĥš
һıϢھĸ֮ĴֻԼ˫ϵĿ糱ˮɵϮһ˸߹һˣԼ˿ֵĵ߷壬ɵĿʼŤ壬˶ھļӲȵĴ󼦰͵׶
һϷһ˫ץסԡıԵҲֱˣŮһﵽ˵һεĸ߳
оﵽ˸߳ھвɵһ⣬ȴûж겻ĵģǿĵĳ嶯ԼļӲڡ
ȻھһͷͷĶͬʱһ˫˫ϴ֣ҲʵķȡΪĸ˫ھĶߵ˰ɣһϢһº𣿡
ھƽᣬ겻ɵһжҡҡͷûµģһͦס㻹ûأҲ̫˽ˣԼȴ˿У
˵оھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣԼѸٵǴţ·ҪԼŮ忪һɵľгܣǶӲѽǵģ
ھ΢΢һЦĶߴϢŵʪ󣬲ԽԽѽ
˵꣬ھһֻ֣쵽֮䣬ֿŮƤǿųɫͻ֮ϣָ水˰
ȫһ˵ȴھ֮£ĸһʼĻζƨɣʼοھļӲ
ھҲʼ̽ĻζһƨɣоķӦֿʼǿ󣬿ʼַꡣŮԼļӲȵĴ󼦰׶
оھԼͣĽţԼĸо̼񾭣ʹķ֮
ھͱƣͣĳϰºھһþվҲھȥ
ƨʼھ֮䣬ھļӲҲʼյͣڣ˾岻뿪ı任һƣ겻ɵ֣סԡıԵþ֧Լ壬ƨҲɵĿʼζ
Ƕѩ׵˫壬ҲΪãھĳײ֮£һһεģɢĹΣջھ򣬴̼ھ񾭣Ե÷ޡ
ֻƣھļӲȵĴ󼦰͸ĴԼÿһεĳײײԼĻģɵĴ
ھҲоƣԼĸо˸ӽΪ󻬵Ůɵĸӵ˷ֻھһַֻƨɣһһµģԼļӲʹִݺݵײ塣
ÿײһ£һֻƨĴһ£ǣԡžžм仹֮˲ɵѪڡ
ھײ֮£ԼڵĿԽԽǿﲻɵĴĺߺһԴҲͣĻζţ·ڷй޷Ŀһ
ھоŮʼнڴյĵңŮķһ·һСһ˱ھļӲȵĴ󼦰ִ̼ͣܵھɵһץסǴµ˫壬ݺݵͬʱھĳײ壬Ҳĵͺ
ڣھһĳײʮºھҲ̲סľһɣһľ籡ŮĻıһɵĴ˽һﵽ˵ڶθ߳
˶ﵽ߳󣬽ӵԡʱſʼϴϴԺ괩·Ͻ߲ʤھһĳԵĿ꣬껻·󣬸Եݹˣ޵òɷټոճԡҺһƬһ˵ջɫֶոմĿӣƨҲûκεǰϷֱӰ갴ǽǣǹʹĽ˿ֵĵ߷塣


119 ǱҦϣ
걻ھ֮󣬾ŮˡھŮ֮ھѰؼݡ
ҦߵԱҲݹܶӰδǰְģضOKǣμӺ嶯һʱġ粨ŮΧﵽEֱΪEС粨ŮҦȴһֱݶ߽ɫҦתӰչһŮǵζ⣬֪ȡڵ̨⣬˲ٹ漰δˡΪ׬ǮĻᡣ ƾڶ۾е࣬ҦΪʶסƷС񴫡ʮ³¹⡷ü㡷ͬСȡ
ھŮӡ̣ǵʺ;Сɵݳ°ٺϻԲ֣ˮһ¡
ڣѰؼǾǱһĿꡭ
ã˵¡ Ҧ˵ھ£˳׼ʱھǰ
Ҧ촩һĵɫT͸T˫͹ۺɫֺ֮һܹϵխȹ޹ѩ׵˫ۣ˫弰޳ȣýԲΣ̶̵ȹһԷĳȴһ˫ɫ͸˿࣬ɫĸ߸ЬԵĸͦ
Ŷǰ̸̸δķչ滮 ھ´ҦежƻʼŮ
ҦһӸжò֪ôشźãܣһӹ˾İŵģ
˵ȻھɫԵضĴ鷿ߵһ졣
ھЦǲǲôôѽ
˵һҦߴգ۾ɫضĸʼͦزš
Ҫˣɣ
Ҧھɫӣ˹˾ܲúɫЩҴ˵ﲻ¹ײֺֽߵֵ˭Ҫ㣿ġ
û˵꣬Ѿھӵס촽
ҦǼҪƿǺܿ㱻ھĿʪˣͷѸͻӣཻҺഺ̲ɿƵ˷Ӧץסĸ첲ʧȵĴ֮С
ھﲻòҦʵʵǸӣ毰׵ʺ촽µıӣ׷⶯ˣȳƣ縡͹ģ״ˣټ޳Ըеȣ̬ƤʮിʱжƷζʱգİȦǻ֮һ
뵽⣬ھ̶־׼սˡ
ھĴֿʼҦ㰵ڸһ罿ϸѩ˿㻬彿ȵסСһԽͦŭʵĽ飬Ūššֽ̽ķۺɫ֮У鷿ѩףʮ㡣ľɫǰһԲΡΡŭͦġʥŮ塱ϼͦͦĽһԽС硢ɰ̺޹䣬ΧһȦۺˡĵһһ˫š߳ۡ١һҡһΡߵɫĿ⽿ͦš
ҦѾоԼ鷿ĴĸĦ֮£ͣӣҲʼѪ岻§סھֹԼʱп̱ȥܵķƵضƽ̹⻬СϣȹĦ֮Ĺȡ
ҦޣµطԼ岻ǵ£ɬӦòԽԽǿҡ
ھɫ̽Ķȹ棬ĦķԲĴȣԸڿĹַݣҪֹȴطϸŪһ֮»ȥ˫޳ѩỬ˿ޱȵɼȻһ֡
˵ľɫҦߺӣϸֿеʱȻܵ뷴ԼҲ֪Ϊʲôһ˫޳ѩȴָӣ˼طֿ˫ȣɫֵĸӷ⡣
Ҧоھڲ֪سķۺɫԸڿ㣬ǸָӲˣѵҪǸҪҪ
ھŻŮ޵¶Ľߺ£̼޷ƣŶͲ˿ȸĽӴµȼϸеԣỬʹ١
Ҧ˿飬ܡǧܡʱҪˮ󻵵һɵޣ
Ҧھډǰһѩ޳ȣͷųǸ


120 ǱҦ£	
Ҫ㲻Եģ
ҦʶҪҪһϡ䱦һסһ̺ɰĽСͷ۰˱
š
ھסԼʥһеģһ˱ҦֵطԼȫѩǵķͲŪࡢɬķӦһĿȫؿھͦƹض룬̫ȻҦѾǴŮˣȻۣϢšۣۣ
Ǿϵھܲ˵ͦ룬Ůһͱǿ׳޴խʹͿֵĺгͳһһǿĴ̼УҦ֡Ѿؽ뵽֮ڣͷĿѣǿҿд̼£߹ŵò˼ٵؽεؽת
ššš
κǧߺƻ
һĬУҦԼڳ鶯ššš
ľɫԽҷӦţ
ھסһѪӲͦ𡢽С̺Ŀɰͷסǽӵһ˱һֻסһֻΡΡͦѩ׽
ҦԽ䶯Ӧţһ˫ѩ׽޳ʱ١ʱƽš֪УǧġԵľɫ˫޳ѩȾ󣬲ÿһ²롢ߴؽС̧
Ҧʹ֮شϢţʱһ˫ѩ۽סھ˫磬һ˫˳ѩȽסȫȫ§ķļľ̼ഺŮ԰Ρ̧ͷֻаߺ޵ϣһԱɰĽͦҲǰ˫ѩ˻޳ȸǱܵؽסΪһͻµ
Ҧھڰ칫棬һ˿ҵ尴ϣŮһֻ˳ѩСһ߳ӵػƽϣκ죬߽ա
ھٴνҦѹ£϶µش̢ײ
ҦҲѾĲ鵴֪ǳصתлͦӭ
òɫҦޱȻɫ𣬷Ľ㣬һ˫ѩ׵źߴؽסھ˫磬аɰСֽؿٽļһԶؾҾΡ鴤ߺ̬ò԰ѩ񴭵ӣС췢һѪšļٰĽ䡣
һ˻ɢදҦһһȵؽšðá̫ˬˡˡҡҵСѨءá졭ø硭ġġߡ󼦰͡󱦱塭ˡġĺˬˡҡˡˡˡá̫ˬˡˡҡҪˡˡءáܡҡ˼ҡ˼ҡ˼ҡ˼ҾԲᡭΡҡԶԶҪĴ󼦰ܲ͡ˡҡҡҪˡҡҪҪҵˡ
޹ǡ˻ȫһԽľΡ鴤еճĤزĴִϣһƻȵС
ҡҪҪˡҪйˡšš
Ҧоڻһ弤ʱһ˫ѩ۽ס˫磬һ˫˳ѩȽסһԶؾҵľΡ鴤
һԾŮسк彻ţһ߳ʱҦһ󼱴ٵؽ񴭣

һް˽Ӵɫޱߵڴѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽھ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţҧھͷļУҦᵽĽ߳
ھ緢Դݽ˵ĺˮͰҺУ͵ڶοѡоʱҦȫ˷ܸǣץסıϺˮܣ촽ٵĴƨɽĥĶҦ˫ۣ⻶ʱ⣬ϣھһײĻо꣬ѷĿС
ԭɬıѾʧһһĶɵ̬ʱ˫ȼסھСȣҡ֫ʱȸ߸߾𣬸ļϣͦѩ׵ĳ̣Ķܺһ壬δ鵽Ļʹŵκϸ߸ߵӭĳ̣ӭӺѸ͵١
֪˶ãҦĳһһھҲǻǿޱȣȫһͦһıѾá̵ŨľҺӿһβʣȫҦӹ


121 
ھ˯Ҧ֮󣬾˳Ѱؼء
Ǹأڶ죬ھĿֶŮɡ
ܿģɾھİ칫ңھȻ΢Цź˵
һܣʱ䲻ˣҪˡ
ۼʱԽԽΧƺ߹ˣǴҴҵĴϻ⣬ææľҪ߳칫ҡ
ھҲʱˣæ߹ȥһֱϸһɸ£ɵϣʹȫæ˵ܣ֣
ھǵ֣§ưһ鷿
ɸоھ鷿꣬ڻǴŮƽҲֻοڱھСѨ궯Ҳʼʪ
ھ⸱ߵģһǻδ£аˣҲøо
ûй°ɣ벻أ
ߵõ·۾˼£룬ҡͷ
ܲסʱǲѵأ
ɵķǺ˶صͷ
ǶۣɶҺϲ㣬𣿡
ɽߵ˵ȥˡ
ھ̧ķĺ촽ɱǵ÷ͺ죬˫ֳȾּʵɣСѨһˮǿ㶼ʪˡ
ھһǺߴӵģ֪Ѿ󶯴飬ԵİȥƨɣָеԶеĴʹھ𺳡ͷɣȴҧӣߵͷûбʾܣܱ㿪ʼظģ
ɸеھůָѵβһʸУܣװûһȥ
ھԽԽŵƨ⣬̽»䣬Ƶƨɹм䣬ָĸ
šš
ھܵȹڣְķϣظΪŮ֣òƿ˵ҪܣΪ飡
ɶҪһʲôأ
ھһѱĽڰ칫ϣ§ǣһȹǿ㣬ëָԴڣѾеʪ妵ˡ
ɴûб˵ѵϲ£æ˫һУھһж
Ҫ֡ޡһǴŮ¡Ҫ
ҵֽôء
ɱھָѹѾʹȫ飬ƾˣ
ס֡㡭ܲˡ
ϴʱҲйԼˣо飬ָһȫҹԵָø飬ѵζ졣
ھָûͣԴʪ妡塢ššȻȻȫȻһеࡡʲôˡܡ
ھЦ ˮ֪𣿡
ھ˵ţָһЩ
ѽʹҪٽȥˣʹ㣬òãҪó
ʱĸеʹھʹʱٵؽǿ
СѨԳϸëھٰβ̧ǿȫȥѹȫԼҲѵ
ھɵ˫칫ԷֿԼ˫м䣬ȹۿһӣ͹𣬳һƬϸëϸۺɫĴıպš
ھֲɷɫĴһ춹ˣ͹棬΢СƬʺɫСڴϣʺɫˮĹãƯСѨˡ
Ҫöޡ
ɵķ⣬ʺС΢΢ֱ̣ͦķ۱һ˫˶ͼͦ鷿ۺɫӰСͷͦһȦ޺ɫ棬ѩϸ۵Ƥ׵ѩף޺죬ڵںڣɫӳǹҫۡʤգɷӡ
⸱ھ𿺷ܣ˱ͷμ鷿úȫеһ飬ܡ
վԺ˵㿴һҵĴ󼦰ͣ
űھģ˱ĿУſ۾һ̴һߵ˵šôôôĳ
Ҫˣ ¡
˵űСѨڡ
ѵǸС𣿡
Ǻǡҡ
ˣֻһſֹھشĻֿʼˣҲͣ˱ʺͷ
ɱھȫͣز


122 ƴ
ֹɣ
Ҫܣ
ھܺɵĸܣǿƵؽ˫ȲǸԴɶѾſһСڣС⣬ˡ
ھŴߣùͷĥùͷմˮʱȽЩ
ھͦƨͦڹͷˮ󻬣
˳ԡһͷѾȥˡ
ࡣҪʹޡҪˡγ
ʹͷð亹æȥ塣
ȴھĴߣæأǼ£֪Ǻá
ѽô֡ôˡ
ھɵŴԴĥһĥٶȥ
ܣûࡣ˼Щ˵¡
ھͦƨɣͷٴβȥʼĥţȻһͦ󼦰ͽ˶ࡣ
ѽҪˡʹҪء
ھʹɷףȫʵڲֹ̣ͣḧ鷿ͷ
һ£Ժͻྡˣ
ءôִʹˣԺҲŲҪأû뵽԰ʹģ
Ůǻʹģһβ㵽ףԺ͸ʹģһ°ɣ
ʱھѸеͷһžνĴŮĤɡҲܺܵܲˣȻһͦƨɣֳĴ󼦰ͣ
֨һĽ뵽ССѨ
ɲҽһ ࡣʹˣ
ھ飬ֻʹôСУ㺹졣
һ㣡ҺʹҪܲܡסְ
ھǸ˼ˣŮζСذסԼĴ󼦰ͣˬ
ʹ𣿡
ھʵںһˡ
ھһĳ壬һ߾ͽͺɷϵı飬ѹѩ׷۵壬˫Ūۺͷһ鴤£һˮˡ
ޡܡ
ھɵҺùͷһޱȣٿɧĵı飬㲻ϧˣͦƨͳͲ壬ͷ͸㻨ģɱŤ䴺⡣
ܡšޡ
Ѫǣ㣬æ˫̧˫ȣǰѹȥʹθͦͻ칫˼ҵĶҵĻζš
ҪˡޡҲˡ
ѾŪûǷɢﲻˡ
ھʹǰƶʱһǿսϮɣѨɫıᴩڱֻڿʼʱڱʱԭļʹȻ٣ȴ׳ıᴩ¸ǹppᡢĿζʹͦ͵ĳ嶯һΪģɢȫ޹ӭϵϣǺѹѾõԭʼѾˡ
ھŬںɻͣɲҡڡֱͦھػھһβͣһźɵ鷿ǶȺɿĿԼ˽ëʪĻ꣬ԼһֻϽԼڲı
ۿھԼѨļҹƣев򣬱еĺתΪеʱ˲ͣ塰̡̡ˮּ˴ӺɿдԽԽҪˡܡ
󻬵壬ŤƵ㶯ھ壬ںֻʲôׯ󶼲ˣ̵ɧ̬֮ԣʰʱ鱻ҪƣԴûʧɢᡢ顢ʹһ˿ƮУ
ܡǴѧһ׹򡭡Ҫɶ㡭һ㡭
ھ壬ŤͦӦսһ񣬺ɵˮͣһһεĶ̺ϡ
˫ֽھľĲھһ˫ߵĽ飬ĥھ׳أҰڶʵ͔Eѩ׵˫ȿޣټסھţ۷Σڼתھҹƣ޲ǡô
ھɽɧ֮״ֱԼʶֵĺɣٴջĺ촽˫ֽ§һͦ׳ıþͲ֮йԼ߰ܺɽ֮ͺ֮ˣ޾ݣ֡
ɶó졭ԡɶˡม


123 ɵĿڽ
ϵµҺ壬˺˽е֭죬ڹĺˮǲԽµҺʪ͸ϯӣ˵ϣ뷿ڵ¹£⡣
ȻɵĽھϺ˶鷿ҵزȫһҡĳ飬ƵҡĽҪšҪйˡ
й֮󣬸е˫ץԱߵͷֳͦµĽս㺹ܡģֽеĽеܡɶûˡʵܲҪԩҡ
ھڿϣǸѩ׷ʴķθ߸ԼĴ󱦱͵ĲһһϵĶڣһ²ֺݣɰѽšھ˫֣ȥŪһ˫´鷿ͷ
ɴʱھͳݲ壬ټ˫ͷĿУζǵһܵھĴ󱦱δζĻ顢ϵⱻ׳ı͵ģһһʱͷ͹ĴRεøѣζӳԡ˷ܺʹ̼УʹúɵķҡڡǰͦʣھҵĲ顣
ιܡɶһġɡɡġĲɡĿɶɡɶʹ졭ɶˮ֡֡ˡมйˡ
ڵĺɣѾȫ뵽֮ˡ
ھֻúɵӹһһеҧ˱ԼĴͷһĭƵҺֱ_ͷϯһƬԼҲﵽ侫۷壬Ϊʹʹ죬_ݡͷڷѨһһҵĳ壬ĥĻģеɶƨͦ㡭ҿ졭Ҫ侫ˡ졭
ɵζŤˣĴæƴǰͦѸҡڵȹƵ졣ھֻеɵĻĿϵĸ죬ҧ˱ùͷܡ
ѽ˵ܡɶ֡йˡ
ɶҡҲ侫ˡ
ھֻñΧһǿҵľγ飬ҪǬƵģֱɵҺٴεһ_ʱеһ泩һδйĿֱ_ţͷһһ飬һᣬһŨȹٵ˺ɵСѨ
ھѹںɵϣıЪԵͣÿһζȵҺ壬ںɵӹɢһľҺҲһһεİѺɴϸ߳ĵ߷壬Ǳ˺飬˻ȵ̫ޱ˴֣֮ѽˡܡ
˶ﵽԵĶ㣬ɾ˾߳ȫ̱õ޺죬ܵĺھţϺδˣһ˫յĿͣھͷŻеĺɣиеοҲŰγŻеĺɣ˫ָİϷɽԽ룬󰮸
𡭡
ھϢһ£ʵ
š
ĵ˵ͷ˵˼Ҿú
ݵ´棬ھɶ𣿡
úܾȵ㡭ҪÿڰŪ
ѽôˣ
ҲҪ
Ϊʲô
ǲҪ
ˣܺġ
ھණɵĺ촽ɡ

ɰŤˣھְͷ˻һɶҵģҪһУֻ£òã
ɱ۾̾˿룺ʲôñأҪʲôͶˡĺ촽ſˣﺬ̴С
ʪ֮һͰھŪһ˷ܣ쳤˫ۣŮ˹⻬ıβɵĵһÿںŮûʲô𣬼ȲͷҲûмɣŮ͵㣬ܵõĿޡ
˱һ֮һѽķԼ˫ϣճˮ֮һ¶ٶȽ壬Ҫķˬģܿʹõɡ
ɲ˼ھ§סǰ˳˴ھĹţؿڣھܡ
ھͷԼĲӣ˫ץǶԹ⻬35D󣬡ھϹɡššܣܣôõŮˣŵҲҲ
˵ţھٴηֿɵĴȣһֵٶȿʼ
ԴˣҲΪھŮˣھѰؼ


124 uԷ
ڶ磬ھԴ绰uԷ
uǰھӡ̵ľʮˣͬʮ߰һŮò
u꣬ǼеĶŲ̊ʡɽԭסĸΪ̩壩Ѫͳ
1990μӻӡTVվĿٰġŮѡΡõһʼġ֮뾭͹˾ǩԼλ褡˼ż塰ŮӡŮӽɢuתΪ̨Ӿ۵ӰڣuΪԸżڵӰʹġͬд漯к֪ȴݳಿϷ֮u1995ǰձչϼҲԭ¡ɽҰ֮ɺɫɣձ̨ԿĿڴɱݶԿ199510³ηе񻰡1997ɫƳеһŵ־Źר鷳1998Ϻ׶ԿƳɡ֮½ˡܵˡԼٰʹר
uҲһλˣΪܽסӽ׳졢ؾ衢ۡл桢ԼF4еԳ⽨ТʡuԳƾʣڶϹԼ£ڻԵͬʱҲ˲顣
ھסuĻʹӰ棬ھǵľuʰͷ飬Ȼ󣬵ǽۿˣʱھߣܲѡ
uھǰݵʹӡ̣ŮܾãʱҲҪ
ȦֻҪǮһ˵ŮǳԷںܲʲôǾҪıˣοu˾ˡ
ھuȥ۵һҸ߼˽˻ֻ̨Ǿֻйǰĵطܽ롣
ʱھڻĸ߼ˣ˵ǰ䣬˵һıſ̨͸ֱʩʱھ̨һȺű¶Ů赸ظھŷǳ
ܿģuھŴʱuֻһзţж̿㣬˵չֳһ䲻󣬵ʮּͦˣһ޳¶⣬ϴʱuഺʮֶˡ
ǺǣuС㣬˰ɣ
ھ΢Ц˵
ֻһ𣿡
uۼֻھһǰ棬΢΢һ˵
ǺǣҪ˽˵СԷСԷķû˰һ̨ҰǺ~
ھ΢Цҡͷ
uһЦھǰھߣ˵ǴȦĴСǮ㲻ʲôǶ˵պϵǮ
ǺԼã
ھ˵
ҲӦ֪ŶǵģŮǣԻ͵ʱھഺʱഺ룬ܵǮԺɲù
uЦϵĲˮһڣ˵ţڵļƷ
ôСԲҲо
ھʵ
иǿ¥ģ֪һ
u˵
ǺǣС㻹ܲѧˣСҲǶˣϲ˰ɣǳ嵭һʳ82ƺƣ֪С鲻⣿
ھһЦ˵
u˵ҲģʲôҶԣҲʳ
ţʳǺ¶࣬ǰʲô˼ҵӵܣǳԵļҳ
ھ˵ţ֣һ۵Ů߽ھԸϲˡ
ܿģ˾ˣʮ嵭ɿڵ̨ˣкơ
ھ˺ƵľƱ˵С㣬ǵһεļ棬֣ʶѣɱ
uЦƱھ˵Ҳܸʶɱ
˵ţƱ͵촽ϣһڡ
ھuȺƵһţһ˵С㲻еˣ˸еĶ
uھ仰һ죬˵ˣҲȦһ΢еŮǣƵ˵˰
С㲻Ҫǫġ
ھ΢ЦŸuһӲˣ˵òʣݼҺ㣬ѶҺܸˣұ֤㲻ԷȾƣֻҪϷͿˣ
ʲô
uһ𣿲ͳԷȾƣ
uȷʵϲȣЩ̴󲿷ֶͷӣÿοƺȥuܲϲҪȦĹuͲˡ
Ȼ
ھ˵νֹ˾Ůȥ˯޷ǾϷͶҪЩͶ̣һѶ׸ҵҺĹϵãͶκһϷҶΪ޳Ǯд½ϯںɽҲؾκμˣҸͲҪЩνͶ̣ҲȻҪҪµŮȥǣǩԼҵĹ˾㾡ܷľǣ
uʱϲ


125 u
ھĳӿuסĸ߼Ԣ¥£Ҫuؼҡ
ôuuͻ𣿡
ھ΢Ц˵
uһЦ˵ǳãֻĲȶǳóԡ
˵仰uĬˣھҲһʱ޻˵˶ƺѾûʲô˵ˡ
ҪȥϾҳԷôõĺԼ
uͷ˵
ʲô
ھһҪԼ¥һ˵Ů˵ֻС
£ھ֣˵ðɣڿܡ
Ǻǣھڶʲôˣڰֻȥһ裬ûб˼
uЦ
ȻĻǺðɣ
ھ˵ͷͣãһ¥ȥ
uķӷǳƽף㡣ھ߽ȥ֮󣬿˿ӣ˵Ӻܺðuuһס𣿡
ʲô°ֲСӡ
uЦŽӵɳϣ˵ɣҸ㵹裡
˵ţuҪȥȡ豭
uuΪʲôҪݲأ
ھǰסu֣ѵ㲻֪һ˶ԽŮӵļңŮӻǵζʲô𣿡
uһ죬ͷ˵˵ζʲô
ʵu֪ζʲôȴǽھˣ֪ΪʲôھƺʮĶҪھ׽
ζˡ
ھ˵ţ§סuӣԼʹյu̴ϣӵǡ

uھס촽һʱ֮ҲǼȣʶ§סھĲػţпʼӵǣ˲ཻò֡
ھʹuͬʱһ˫uϼҵţַޱȣܿu붯ѡ
ھǽ𡭡
֮u뿪ھǣϢ
ţҺ⡭
ӵuķ䣬ھu£سȥϵ·£̿㣬ֱѵþʣ·ۺɫʽھʱͣ֡
ܲ˵լŮuԵ𣬴ʱһԽۼͦСզۺɫְ£Ȼͦһ㣬ļ覣ۺɫСðŵѨѾʼˮ޳׽źһ㶯ǣھ۶ˡ
uܡõ𣿡
ȻѾҪˣھҪһΡ
š
uɬصͷ˵Եġ
ھٲɣɿѹ·Ȼuڿ㣬壬ھһֿu˫ȣȵļ͵ѾˮѨڣ롭
š
uüͷһ壬סھĲӣھоuǴŮʮֽգһ󼦰һͱ֮£uڡ

uһ§ھĲӡ
ʱھϧţuѨƬƬӣСƵıСһһеļŴͷ˱˱ĿдֱֵھĻŭţu
ۡˬuġ벻ġСѨ̰ԵС졭˱ҵĴ󼦰ޱȡ
ھ㻵㺦ҡҪЦҡ
糺졣
u˵ġСѨůůġȥĵһ޸ǳܹڴŪĵһΡССѨҺǼѽ
ھζ̾š
uھ׽ζĻߺŷǲ˼ҡ˼ҲǴŮ֮ԡԡϲ˼ҡ˼Ҳˡ
ôءuҰ㻹أҸɡ
ھӿ͸㻨ģuû˫ץ˴۵ķβͣŤͦͦСѨͻӭھĴ󼦰ͳ壬ӣС켱ٵǰǶԱ۵Ծ㺹ֱ̬ٳźţԩҡɫˬѽ١
ԽŮڴ鷢ʱԽǼԽuԼɧĵ飬̼ھԭʼҰԣʢͱͣץǻԲѩ׵СȣҲ˲غݳͲ壬ͷƵĴڻϣÿ󼦰һһСѨʺѨҲż͵ĳɵطˮֱֱ˳ŷΰѴһƬ
ھתβʹôͷСѨƵƵĥ⣬uСѨͷתĥײζУ󼦰һһϵСѨͣɵuţ˿߳ӿķ͸Ŀʹ鴤šţuСѨ۽ܵһһ˱Źͷھ޿ˬͷมʹ졭ԩҡҵˡ졣Ҫ㡭㡭졭
ھԼæuķȳ󼦰ͽѹĽϣһͦͦ󼦰Ͷ׼uСѨ롰ѽ嵽ðӴ졣춯ɡСѨá졣춯ѽ
ھuýѹ˫ͦ鷿дӲʮ㣬󼦰ͲůֽСѨ泩ˣھ߳ĺݲͳ飬δ⣬uҲһһ˱Źͷ
ֻ۰ա̺졢㺹ܣ˫˫צƵĽסھͬʱƴذβԼȴþͦСѨŴ󼦰ͣһ˿϶ҲоھĴ󼦰պĻ뻨ֳʵУδܹģֵ߳˺ţࡡھáˬĴ󼦰ŪҺ١󼦰͸硭졭Ұ
uۡǸǿŮ˰󼦰ͺˬม
ھî͹ݴͷδײŻĸסδ⣬u˫˫Ųøƴͦȥھĳݣ˿Ʈ졢㺹ܡˮйࡡ̫ˡôִļ͡Ŷҿ첻ˡࡡھ׸硭󼦰͸硭СѨáŶŶù񫰡졣϶㡭
u˷ܵĽŷµ׶ţ졢ͣ˫ֽ§ھıñ鷿زӴϵܣ񷢿Ƶ׶ʱתǷķʹСѨڵŴͷuɧ˼ˮϪСѨƬĺھ޴ļϵ޷죡Ťҡ㷢ҡεͷҷ糺졢㺹۽աӣһһuľ磺󼦰͸硭ѽ̲סˡҪҪˡ
uֻˮйھʱҲﵽ߳æһuѹڴϣٰѴ󼦰ͲСѨšࡡ㡭ҡ󼦰͸硭ܲˡҹˡҡҲˡ
uˬ춯ĴΡҡй˰
uеѨĴ󼦰ͻǵøָǹ˫˫ŽھƴڶΣͦСѨӭĳŤΣİuҡйˡ
ھһͷһ̵ŨֱŨһɾĴţรھ̵Һˬãѽ
ˮСѨšţ˶Ѵﵽļޡĸ߳Ůֶӵššȶš΢˫ĿǸ߳мڵļζǵӵߣ
Դ֮uھŮˣھѰؼٻ


126 Ǳ
ѰؼֻʣһɫˣǾǼȻɫѰؼڣھˡ
ȻСͣھȻŹ
ȦҲûоǱģɵͬھǱŮˣھ̫˽ˣȥķ䣬ֱ˵ϴ壬ϵˣԼˣһĸŮˣֻҪ߳ͿУҲʡ˺ܶ鷳
ʮӺ˵绰Ѿص䣬ϴ˸裬Թȥˡ
ھȥʱŵһ˱ǵԡ¶㣬ſڵȴĵһͷĳڼϣΧԡͬ˫۶¶ţԡ°ֻڵϥϷһԡ
沿ʱھʱüӰ޵촽ɧ˵βסŤ˿̵ʻУʪĺڷŹزǿ
˵Ķ̤ʵһͷĸޡ۾һ㷴ӳԵɧԸеͷסԼ޴ȴ
ھ˫ֱֱעزĿӡ
վǰҡƨɣƶ֡Ť壬ջ
ھֱ˫˵Ѿʼˡ
Ȼڻƶһת衣ҡβ˫Ťתʹǰ֮˫Ϊ֮ѡ
ԡ϶Լɼѩ˫壬һʼ磬˫ضһ¡ֽԡ򿪵ʹǳĳھǰβҲŤĥĸо
ھ۾ҫ͸˷ܵĹâ
ѸתƨھӲһ£еһɳ嶯
˽߾֮£԰λӢˣһλḻļŮ
ھ͵ĴѾ׼ʼǰۿڵİ ھ˫ۿʼԺǰλŮά˹Ů˵˫ƳһھĿӣβת
촽ƶ˫ԼķΣͷѾ˷ܵļָͦΧزһһ΢ѹָͷɸŵ͹
ھѾʼŴǰ˵˫壬˫ϵϡ
˵˫ۼ鷿ʹǿΪ˶۾͸ȵĹâ촽͵ط봭ϢţβתţԡĴϻ䣬֣ƶָѨ
ϣΪ𣿡
һ΢Ըеš
ھѾһƬհףͷ¿ˮ˿ֱ۾˵ƶš
˵˫ػµĴȴȻѨΧĥţһָѨѿỮšھĿɣͷصĴļ¶ţ¶һ˿΢Ц̬ھͳ˵Ĵĳǰ
ھҲ̲סˣһѵԼĿãһ־ֱ˵Ѩʪȸгӣָŷֲ洦ƶıԵشӾҶҺѷĵĴϡ
ھʳ㽫˵ڴϣסѾʽձλ˽޽Ĵھˡ
ҲҵػӦھĶϵǷӲ塣ַŶԽػھϥϣʼ͵Ĵ
ϵۣ׳ĽţӴ̬͸Ūھľް
ھ˫ֲͣơ
ššŶมšܡа
ŵ̰˱ھͷȵĿŪͷͣס
ھһƣǸʷͷ˫壬嶥ͦĻߺˣӵա
Ƕ԰źֱۣھʼ˱ۺɫͷһһӡ
ססš
ʱڵĿ̼ȫ
쿪ʼɣĲˡҺֳִĶŪ
˫ָھǼͦʹһĴ̶ѣϲؽӡԼȸ
ھ˫֣һεһƣѹ棬̵ͦ񾥣׼Ѩȶǿźһزⶴ
˵컹խˮʪȣ۶ԣھ˶Ķ룬ֱſƨǰͦҲͣؽİҺھŰҺ󻬣ȫͳظܵʪϵĴ̼
ھ§˳鴤壬ڽխѨгͣŽĴӣĽʼнˡʪֽʵѨҵĥ޾ĳ죬ȫ
áðššˡСѨ硭ɵ̫ˡҪŶŶšҪˡٽȥҡҪˡšҪҪˡšߡŶ
ھ͵Խ죬˵ķӦҲԽŵǰλŮҲóľȫӦսͣı任͵Ľ࣬ԽԽ˴˿գֻֽץŴ˽ţߡҡס׸硭ˡҡúáءߡϡ졭졭ҡ˼ҪˡҪš
ھÿοٳʮ¾ͷٶȣȻٿٳ鶯ֱ˸߳סﶼգ˱Ūÿޱȡ
ھеȣŸҸţֱ˽ͻȻȫӹϵ˱ĹͷŨҵԴԴܵ˵
ھƨһҲ̲סؿʼɴ˵ԴԴҺ
ھ֮ȫſ˰۷ϣ㺹壬˳ǣĿǰλƣͲĴݣ¶һ˿Բ΢Цֹˡ


127 ÷ȣϣ
֮˽ӵһ𣬡Ұ㣬ˡ
ھѩƽ̹С˵
Ҳ㡣
˽˿૵û뵽ô
˼Ҷ˵˲Ů˲Ҳһ㣬ôమһءǲ˼
ھЦ
²˭ѧİ
˽
壬ھȻֿʼ
󻵵˭˼ˣ˭ˣ˼ҲŲأ˼Ҫҧ󻵵ˡ
ｿȴʳ֪ζüĿҧסھ촽³ھͷƾ˱繲
ھ۷𣬺޵һεϧ֮飬ʶʹ֣Ƹ꣬ྡھ̢ʳ֪ζл࣬һγܵƮƮļƷ֡
ҹܳ߹ţڵҹ˸Źâھ˵һ˵ҹ
峿Ӳֱھ˯ѹˣԱ߻˯ˣҹĿ񻶺ѾŮѱһŮˣھ˸Եޣھһϣ̲סһڣŰ˸ѹ˻˫Ŀھһ뵽ϵ飬ղɿʼߺĵ˫۵ĵھһۣ־ܰᡣ
˰ҵСԹԡ
ھЦŶ˵ͷ˼ͦ棬˼ϵҸ𣿡
ھ˼֮Ķ˵
š
Ұ㣬ˣһᰮһӵġ
Ҳ㣬ҪҸ𡣡
˹˳˵Ͱ⡣
һģһǸġ
ھıˣһּᶨġ
˼ڴţžĻָԼ˵ھǰĻζھֿʼ˷ӦԵĸоھı仯ɬı˫ۣھ˱˫Ŀס˵࣬˵촽սӴһ˲䣬һҸĸо˵˳˷΢΢ţھֻ˵촽ֱʪ󣬻еԣһҧһڵĳ嶯˺㣬
ھʼſԼ촽ͷһһ˳˵ĺ촽ڵĶ˵ܣǵһԨ棬ھͷں촽ߵʱҲ΢΢ſ˫أ޹ǵķ۱§ھĲϡ
ܵ΢΢ſ촽ھʧĽԼͷ˹ȥ˱˵Ըк촽Ȼٰ˳ů㡢ʪҺķС
ھͷǰתʱʱʪͷһ𣬹һھоͷе飬մ˻ĶȴھĴ򶯣ھĿǻ򶯣ھϲҵػӦ˵Ķҵؽţû뵽˻ѧ֮졣
ѾĿʼ޵Сĺھͷ׷ޱȵĿУ˱ԷеҺھס˻۵Ķ࣬缢ƿʵ˱ҺƵʳ˶ϵĽҺڴڵ˸С
Ŀյýģϸշ̷ɺ죬ԽԽأ۽ھøӽھʼԸе˷ͦǹĹĵһɽԼĥѣĽӴҡҷס̰˱ʪ۵࣬ʳϵĽҺǺ޲ý˵Ķ
ھ⽫ǹĹĵĸеԵŮ弫ѹţŪĻңȷڼھħѾʼ˵ıߣһֻѾк»˻ԲĽΣֵĸоھץǶôĳŵԺͦھȣǻȵȻӦõʷǰı״ֱ̬ӳ˵˫ȵ֮˵Դ
棬ھҪʱѾоЩˣھֱջأ޼¡˿ھûֹͣ˼ʹߺߣͷҡץšסھĺ󱳣˵Ķھſſ˵ͷ˰ͦɽ岻סвͣشĺھϣھеر
ٹˣǰ۵Ѿκˣҫھн˼ҵͷˡ
ھ˵ĻòЦţһκҸողƷеζôƿˣ
֬⣬ˮӯӯĵĿھҵûǣʲôζ
˷ֵĽģھصţǲ֪óԶٱ촽ͷ󣬷ҷۣһ޷ܰζžŨֲʧƣԻƮưģĶˡ
ھ˵ĸоޱȵۣ˵ߵĿһİھѽǻƭ˼ң˼ôԼ֪
ھЦԼûгȻǲ֪ˡ
˽˼˵㡭
ǾһΣҵĺš
ھЦ
˪ѩۺһţھĻ˽ߵ΢Ŀ̺ӣСϣһοɾǵıһλҪԶãǺȴ٣ۣ죬Сȶٵźϣȴ˿Ҳƾܣô˳ھھӵԼ˱ţҪھ׸Ǹ㣬֪ھҪ׸Ǹ㣬ҪΪھ˵ͬʱһ˫ħѾ˵
һ֮ھؽ촽ƿؿ׹𣿡
ھЦôṻһҲײģͷԺһ𣿡
˷Ⱥ죬ۺĵ˵ͷ̴ϸ˵ţԡ
˵ͬʱоھǻȵȻѾ˫֮䣬ŲײԴ˵ķߵȻǺ죬ΪеԴѾˮʪϱھõӺѾᷢʲôˣ뵽ķĸѾ̷ȣھǻȵȻɬͬʱּӴһײԴʵܲˣֻòϹſҰɣܲˡ
ʲôܲ˰Ϲɡ
ھ˵꣬˫ֹͣϵߣΪˣһ£ָоһʱ֮ĲһĪĳ嶯ֳ嶯һǿҵĿУûü˵ھһֻ־ʹӺ˵ǰʵסǰԲɽ壬˲ı仯Ҫֱֹھסˣھٴμҵ˵Ĵ͵еĦ˵ԴϤİıַУһѣķ
ھ˵ķӦ֮󣬽ȵȻջأȡ֮һֻħĴ֣ھֱӿʼ˫֮Դ˽˴ڿ棬˵ĴڿֱָԴŪŻ꣬û˵Ĵˮ˳ʱ˻ھֲھԼֱῪأһץ˵֣һָسԴķָŪԴҲڲھǼ
ھ㴽˫˵壬Ƥ۹⻬˫˶ͦòӦеģɫķͷʮֵˣھһֱôסš
һţж϶һھĻֻĵͨ죬һ˫΢Ŀھſ뽹Ļϣǰ˫һһ͵Ĳš
˫ֱھĲӣͷھһĻͷһھͷɲл𣬸ޱȣ˾ӵһǣһ滥วģھѾ㣬뿪޵ĺ촽ͷƵ˵ǰһھͺ˵ɽ壬ھҧŷ㣬ڷߣǰϷʹ˸е֭ѵ˫۽ղ
˰Ͱ֮£ھķߴڿֻСƽ¡ԴһƬŨںڵĴֳݣھо˵ʵ̫Ưˣ˵Ŀѩ׶͸ϸļһ覱ӿѰʵɽģƽС޳԰ĴȣĽǵشأɽеĹȣǳȪ滬ģһһεΪ澰


128 ÷ȣ£
ھЩð𣬻ʢ§סĽʱǳȪˮˮ꣬ھæԼҲѸ⣬һȻ߸ϺͦǰֱͣԴ治ͣˮˣھȻӲͦ¶ʹְھ§ڻӴһͬڴߣһָ˵ķǺɫͷŵͷ캬סһͷ˱ҧţһָҲƬëʷֵ죬ڵĸŪţʪճˮھһ֡
ھ๦а⻬ư׵ĽĴߣĴ˫ֻǰԼ𽥱Ӳ͵˫飬úһˮһı飬ŵôģĻ﷢
˵Ӳסɽ΢΢ѾֲǿӱܣŪ˰ΣھͷʪĻתزסᴥĥŪ·ӳңӨҺӺӿӿʪ˺ôһƬӡ

һ޵ĺ촽΢΢Ӱ뿪գ붯ˣ쳱һ֮ɫȵļ˿ſϸСĺڲҲɺһƬɢѪŵ㡣
ھ˶ͷͻѾռĹȵڣֻܹһԿѵصůխһӱ³Ĺռ죬һرζѸٴ˵ȫҲ֪˷ܣǺ£
𡭡ĺô󰡡ʹˡһе¡
֪Ҫʲôˣе㺦£е㷢˵
˵Դڳȵ鳱۵С촽ٳŵ˻꣬ھǸçײȻƱʯص˵ĹھȻͷĻѷĥţͷȫմİҺȻþ޴ͷᲦڻڷʺĻ꣬ڵʪҺһִͦͷխСĻ

˸еһ쳣ȻֽԼĻڣֻһΣо汻ŵôģҪ˺һھĳ鶯Žȥͷ˵ĻӦھоͷΧĻÿɵʱھ֪˵ĻʼȻˡ
ھصţ˲ٽŵʱȫһͦ׳Ȼǰһ̡΢һ죬ȻѷĲѨ
ʹ̫ˡ
˴һȫýӲýģȻȻ̧ھֻץסϵĴûȫӦ˵Ľţ滨Ҳĳ鴤ļھȻھʱȻеˬ֮ˣΪǰǰϷʮֳ֣˵Ĺȶʪ󻬣ھļôһ壬ȻֱӶԴĻģھо˽ĹȿڻȵĻסȻȻﶼĹȿڽۻĻĹʪ妵ĤĲţȻﱻİĽСѨڡ
˵ȫ类˺һ㣬ʹʹܣɵüھӣסӣͷ˽ȥĴɨšŰţȻץס࣬ľһصţ˱ĽҺ˵Ľţתע
ģ˵ӱˣ˸ղŵʹҲٱʼĺھͷš˱ţܿľ;ȫɣֻĲĹھĲӣʼһ顢ĸоðȻ֫ӡھоΪղŵĽŶʱûаҺĻֿʼˣ˴İҺھȻھͦӣȻ˵Ļڿʼĳ鶯š
һԵĸоڴִȻĹУһͷĿѣǿҿмЩʹϴĹӿھ¼ٵĺţϣתܻӭȫھͦľѾҺŪʪֻȻ
Ϲʹоá
˽ƵƴŤھ
ھǲܿƵļͦΪĹȱϵݏвƵģһȻÿȻٽʱ˻ͻԶ䶯ҲŽҧͷڵľ˱ھͷһû뵽Ļ
Ťʹ˵໥ĥУ˸оԼĻڲӿְҺ崫ĳʵкУֻȻķ壬İھһ׷ļ¿֣ھоóһĴȼúܽɴ˴ĽĻԼͷҧסʹˬòˡ
ھͷעµˣ˱úߵĴھĵͻȻӿһǰδеĽ̲ס˵ţô𣿡
ھ˿ɿһ£˵šϹ
ھһͦ޴ͷһӶ˵Ļ˶ʱߵϹһ㡭ʹ
ھͷ˵ĺ촽һ£˵ҵĺţ滹ģҪһӶҸ
˵סᴽߴı۾ͷھ˱ţھ¿ʼͦȼӲȻ˵Ļڳš
ţȻ㣬ھ֪ѾȫӦȻĳ壬ʼ԰Ȥˣҡβͷĥ˵ĻĴתͷĸܵʹĻ΢Ĳһɹ֭Һϴ˵Ļӿ˳ȺĽھ׳ȻоƮƮɡ
˵ıǻ﷢˵ĽеŶáϹ˼ҡܲˡ˼ҡִ̫͡ˡŵ˼ҡ桭šһ㡭ŶˬϹ㡭졭ԡˬϹ
˵ĺ߽ԽԽҲԽԺھо˵ĹԽԽȣĹⲻ䶯ǿ˱Ȼھ벻˵СѨȻôĽͣ϶ûз֣޵Ŀɽ
ھӣҰͷȻԴĻתĥһĸоֱӿ˵ĴԣŤԼ۹⻬Ը壬䶯Żеڣһ˳𽥽еĵ߷壬ԸӣҺӻȪӿ˿ʼھ»Ȼ˵Ŀҽ񴭣ʺϢС켱ٵĺţһǿ˱ھȻ
˽ٶȸ𣺡ááϹ͡มءޡˬѽ̫ѽҰ㡭ҪˡϹôôҺáÿְÿְ̫ˡ
ζ׶ʴǵĿ£ȫʧȥǣ԰ļУһֵ˳ѵǣھʼĳ壬ÿζͷײ˻Ļģһʱֻ̡̡̡֮ͣ
ǿҵĳͷĦĸоԽԽӼıסھ˻ůʵʹھͷ͵øͷڽʱͣβŻ۵ڣʹ˸оȫ飬ϡ
˵ļдﵽ˼㣬ҽԻ˵˫̧ھʣ۱ھʣȫһΰĳ鴤ڵۻڸǲסھȹ̵ĴִȻһ֮󣬴˷۽СѨƬİҺﵽ˸߳


129 顰¡ϣ
һ죬ھڰ칫Ѱؼǵﻮ
ˣ
ʱȻھһ㶣˵
ſˣһְԱһװŮ˽˵ܣˣ
ھһ㶣ҪŮѾܾˣǰʱæһֱûʱ˵ǰŸ²һ£벻ôһ
ʱװŮֻԼĪʮ˾ͣĸòģ۾촽٣ʮֽޣϴźɫְҵװɫȹĴϹɫ˿࣬طΣȣǸõĳֵĴŮһŮھͶˡ
£ھͷܺãҾҪˣʲô֣
ǸŮһæ˵ãҽǴ½ˣ
ھһ㶣ϸһⲻδǸʾǹ
£ھҲܲ࣬˻˻֣ʶȤ˳ȥ
ھʵΪʲôҵأ
˵ģı˵ҪһƯ顭Բ
Ŷǡ㻹ǴŮ𣿡
ھʵҪҪǱҪŮı˯ˣǿɲ
ҡһǵġ
һ죬ͷ
ԭıڲǰϷѧԺʱȴûϣ׸ھ̶ֺλ쵼˵ĺѡʱͱˡ
ھʱϲٺһЦǰס֣˵С㣬֪ҵ飬ҪҰ칫Ҫʲôɣ
Ȼ֪Ҫھϴµͷ֪ġܡ
ھɣ
ھ˵ţͳ칫ҵĴȥ
ߣھŵϣȻȥĺһ˵̴ÿһ䡣˫¶Dɫӣеھͷһ
˻˱ϣҵǡ˱˴˵ҺݷԷеҺ˶˵İһ㡣
ʱھѾ㺹죬·ʪ͸ˣϽϵ·ֻʣֺͰɫ˿ڿ㣬ԸУŮı
ھʱ壬⻬㱳ϸ@ѩ֡ϸСɲһյ°ɫְű˫壬̺Ե͸żֱԵ¶޴⣬ͦѩ۵鷿֣ɫ˿ڿ˸Ļ䡣֮ڿú϶ȣ˵ȫ֣͸˿ʲ¿΢͸ذ׹⣬ھҲͦ
¶ļܵѹԼھǰİӣ˫ָϽס°ɫ֣Ѫһ㣬߲εĽ̵ĵܣ㣬Ҫҡ
ھ壬ѿڵม
˵˫Ƶ󣬿ʼ⿪ֵĴӡ
ŮӵԣʶҪֹھӴԼĵطһֻеȫҪ£ھæסڻСʱҲ⿪֮䣬Ĳȣǰھţּм䣬סǰһ԰塣
ھůܵǰƮ棬ٽӴƹİ̱¶ǰͦ۵˫ͦţϺ鷿ȳƵУۺɫνģ΢΢ͦͷˣƽ̹СǶˡСɵĶ۶ھѪš
ھʱղܣҪȫɣ˫ֽŵ㣬ŵȫǳˣE졣ѩڱϥϣѩ׵Ķ£һƬɫ˲ݴԣ֮ʵȻĶ޲ϰݴԣһ֮Ƶѩ޳˫Բͦβɫ󡢵ԣĲɷ
˫ۣ޲Ҷȥоˣȫ˽صĵطܿˣҡ
ھȴʹе˷ܡ
ɫȫھǰھ˫ס鷿ƻŪ˫壬Ө͸ϾһԽ飬ֻô˵ָһ٣ķۺɫ仹δȴԲĹĵ¡ھһںס飬ͷ˱죬ʱҧ壬ͷ١
ʱ̲ס߳һԵģʥĿλƽޥĵŪ޷мܣׯŵź쳱Ϣ٣׵ۺɫ٣Ѫͦ˭Ҳ֪Ѿ˷Ӧ
ھʱҲæĲɿں㷢˳˳ļ㱳쵽ʵĴȼԲβ䲻ͣơĸĻ֣ʱͯ̽ԵĻѩμĹϸŮصǵشûãһ΢ëëھʼĻꡣ
ھʥ˽鷿࣬Ȼоһδй˷ܿУ亦ԼоĺƮգ¶ĲתһԼ壬Ļĵӿûܾھ񣬷һڴ
ͬʱŮеĲλʹ𽥻ȣ޷ݵʹУɢ壬泩ĸоʣԭ˰ôĿ֡ǰǰûѡֵֵã
ھָİպһƬ޻꣬˲·µضһ룬һֱھǰֵĶׯӦҵ˦ף鲻Խӣдܡ
ͬʱüͷżҲ΢΢
ھиǸˣŹصָЪֱӶڣֻڲխһɼ˱ضָıůʪƣضļѣֻǲָǰָڣ͸е˵ѹ
ָͻ죬еĲʱ޷ܵĽУԼие־壬деҪǷģҶǰ¶̬ҡұϾҪǡҪΪǸǿɾ͡
ӻл۵ûа취Ƶ¡
һαӴţȻֻһָڣȴеޱ߳ܣһɳʵĸоȫ˴УȻԼǿԼܳһĲˣھָȫܽһ𣬲ڻָһתݷ˾⣬ʪпŵĻ꣬ɵ޳ļнַߣ̲סٷ˵ġһɲǼһԵĸо
гáĵھСĵĴ١ָ꣬ڷܵڽʪǻкϣеĽʶĸӿҡ
ضܵھͣڣÿһָļҿڣԸеԼض޳ܵһЩ֭˳Ŵڲ༰ɹ˴ϣ͵ˮнھĿڣһһδϣҲʶŤͦʣ˾ÿԹ
ھ֪ǷѾܹˣʶеģˣֻŹؿڣԭʵۺɫս۵ʥڳⷭ˿¡Ļ귢ĵĹã֭ʪȸ˵֮ɫѾ˳ʱĸ߳ǲ壬Ҳ̲סĽܡѡϵ·ѵ𡭡
ھȴʥͰ·ѹ⣬ʮھ⽡׳ʵļȫһ㡣ȻѾḻûԼһЩȽϺã˼
ָĴ̼ͻȻ뿪ܵеĿѾжϣһ޷ǲĸУ}һȻǰھͦһڵĴ׳аˡŴ糤ŭĿϡŽ⣬ֱֺæ۾ͷȥٿ
ھ¶Ծɬ֮ɫԵøӽһʱʽĿУǰ
ܡǸŽġ
ȻǴŮ֮ǱϾִϣҲǶŮ֮£ʱ΢Ļ꣬ھľ޴󱦱Өʥʶĵ鱻׾ݵʶ.ھ֪Ѿǽ޳ȼԼʣֻ괦ëĥԼ¸ǳ
ھͷ˱鷿˫ֽץסķ۷Σ׵Ľâӽʪضڡ
е˫ȱֿθ˫һڵıԼѨڣھһͦͽԼıĲĴŮСѨھʱȻеѨխСڿƾ֮ǰֵ󻬣ԼļʵԣӲǽִı˽ȥھֻԼıüʪסѨĸغǱëơ
ھҺ֮޴󱦱ƹ룬ͷһξԣǳսĸо뵽Լѣ˴ŮĤļ赲ھıڣȻʮ˳ͳ˴ŮĤֱġ
ڵĴ֭Һ˳ʹʹĵħϣų֮ʹ̹֮ᣬƹϵĳһдԼʮپʧȥյ˫ίˮ
ھŴŮĽպȣ̾ȻŮһطǽĺܣеҺѹรɲԷһ㣿
߲ΣܡǵһΡԲŻôҪһ㡭òá
ھͷһͦһ壬̲סźһھҲġһгָǲֵϡŰһʹòŸĵۺɫͷֿʼΪĳѪɫҲ𽥼䲻ʱᰮҸż᲻Сĵﵽϡɹ䣬ǽʧ롣
ھʼǰƶʱһǿսϮѨɫıᴩڱֻڿʼʱڱʱԭļʹȻ٣ȴ׳ıᴩ¸ǹppᡢĿζʹͦ͵ĳ嶯һΪģɢȫ޹ӭϵϣѹѾõԭʼѾˡ
ھŬͣҡڡֱͦھػھһβͣһ鷿ǶĿԼ˽ëʪĻ꣬ԼһֻϽԼڲı
ۿھԼѨļҹƣев򣬱еĺתΪеʱ˲ͣ塰̡̡ˮּ˴дԽԽҪˡܡ
󻬵壬ŤƵ㶯ھ壬ֻʲôׯ󶼲ˣ̵ɧ̬֮ԣʰʱ鱻ҪƣԴûʧɢᡢ顢ʹһ˿ƮУ
ܡǴѧһ׹򡭡Ҫ㡭һ㡭
ھ壬ŤͦӦսһˮͣһһεĶ̺ϡ


130 顰¡£
˫ֽھľĲھһ˫ߵĽ飬ĥھ׳أҰڶʵ͔Eѩ׵˫ȿޣټסھţ۷Σڼתھҹƣ޲ǡô
ھɧ֮״ֱԼʶֵٴջĺ촽˫ֽ§һͦ׳ıþͲ֮йԼ֮֮߰ˣ޾ݣ֡
ó졭ԡˡม
ϵµҺ壬˽е֭죬ڹĺˮǲԽµҺʪ͸˴˵ϣ뷿ڵ¹£⡣ȻĽھϺ˶鷿ҵزȫһҡĳ飬ƵҡĽҪšҪйˡ
й֮󣬸е˫ץ棬ֳͦµĽս㺹ܡģֽеĽеܡûˡʵܲҪԩҡ
ھڴϣǸѩ׷ʴķθ߸ԼĴ󱦱͵ĲһһϵĶڣһ²ֺݣѽšھ˫֣ȥŪһ˫´鷿ͷ
Ȼûг˵ۿ͵ϴù˵ھͳݲ壬ټ˫ͷĿУζǵһܵھĴ󱦱δζĻ顢ϵⱻ׳ı͵ģһһʱͷ͹ĴRεøѣζӳԡ˷ܺʹ̼УʹķҡڡǰͦʣھҵĲ顣
ιܡһġɡɡġĲɡɡʹ졭ɧˮ֡֡ˡมйˡ
ڵѾȫ뵽֮ˡ
ھֻӹһһеҧ˱ԼĴͷһĭƵҺֱ_ͷôһƬԼҲﵽ侫۷壬Ϊʹʹ죬_ݡͷڷѨһһҵĳ壬ĥĻģеƨͦ㡭ҿ졭Ҫ侫ˡ졭
ζŤˣĴæƴǰͦѸҡڵȹƵ졣ھֻеĻĿϵĸ죬ҧ˱ùͷܡ
ѽ˵ܡ֡йˡ
ҡҲ侫ˡ
ھֻñΧһǿҵľγ飬ҪǬƵģֱҺٴεһ_ʱеһ泩һδйĿֱ_ţͷһһ飬һᣬһŨȹٵСѨ
ھѹϣıЪԵͣÿһζȵҺ壬ӹɢһľҺҲһһεİϸ߳ĵ߷壬Ǳ˺飬˻ȵ̫ޱ˴֣֮ѽˡܡ
˶ﵽĶ㣬˾߳ȫ̱õ޺죬ܵĺھţϺδˣһ˫յĿͣھͷŻеиеοҲŰγŻе˫ָİϷɽԽ룬󰮸
ֻеȫһִ̥𣬱㲻йĿбȫûиоھᱡֻǾء˳ھУн߲ϣǺζղŲĸ߳С
֮ھҪ÷ȣǺٺЦţ˵û꣬źϰѣ
˵ţھɷ˵Ūม찡ม졭ðǧ򡭡Ҫͣม찡ҡ
ʱ̵ͦԲΣھͷ˱ŪⶴھͷҪѨˣҲѹš
ⶴھţԼҲִشԼǷͦһԾ飬һ壬һָͷŪŷ嶥źǵͷ
˫صĴ̼£ܿؾִﵽ˸߳ѾǵκˣֻǵԼھ֮ȫ³ΪһŮˣҲԼ˼ʮεĸ߳
ʵҲ֪ھжô˿Ը޵Ůһԯ崿
ʱھһѽڴϣھ˫ʼظŪ˫飬ҽر¼йһ߸иʵľ飬һҲѾʪܵⶴ
ܡ˼ˡม㻵۸˼ҡͷҧ㡭ʹˡ˼ҵСⶴҪҪˡˡˡҪ
ĵС첻ϵİţѩ׵ԲҲھ˫صŤţھһֻѩ׷ľϺŤһѺʳָס˵ͷаʵĶأ
ܺûҪ˼˵ǡǡ˵ˡǡСⶴˡô塭ɡ
ھûΪⶴסָǾͺڿţһҲûţžϳѪ͵ͷϵĴ̼йģ
Ҫˡ˼ܲҡҪййˡ
Ȼģһҧ֨֨죬һɴˮѴӹڼ
йȫھҲͣ˫ֵĶֻĸȫš
ھ˫ͣľϣָ鷿꣬Ȼеͷ
ѽ̫ʹġܡ
Ǻ޵С﷢ϸ΢ĺȻô˵ȴͦһԷ÷ھָĸοϸ֫ҲĵŤš
ԸеĴȣܵĿһĦšȫ¶˵ǰԼֲϵܵŪĵҲ̲סܵȼţⶴϴɧΪĵˡ
˼ܲˡĴ𡭡
ھҪţʶ˵ĵҪ
ѻȴִ˱һ澡ţһ˫۰׵źиͷʱѾⶴˣָҲѲ벻ϵڿˡ
Ů˰ҪҵĴ𣿺ðʹ͸ɡ
ھſ壬ԼʹĴִ
ܵĴӲֺáȡ
ھִǰԲ¶ʮģ
СǰĴִȴӴͷһ·˸ȻſС̽ڴڿʹ˱
š
ɿ˺רһ˱ھĴִ⣬ʱĵھı飬ҲʱŴͷͣĻԲ˱š
Ըпڽģھ˷˫ֵĴıץסһԾŪš
Ҫ١ٴĴడġŪ˼Ұɡ
Ťϸ֫ĵǽš
ھ˫ӦҪĴǶԷľ飬ʱеͷ
һ˱ھĴһŤƨɡеͷܵھͣŪ࣬Ҳû쳣ˡ
มǡѿҪڻˡҪมҪȫ¡ม
ھ˵Ǽӿ˱ٶȣûãھĴִС˴ȵҲȫȥ֮Сھ侫ɾ
ȵĹࣿ
˼һҪܵľҺóԡ
һھĴִϣĻشţұھﲻȼŵʾ㡣
ܲ˰ɣҪĻٰҵĴӲɣҵһ¾ͻúõˬһµģ
ھ
ǡܡɡܵĴǺô֡ม
ſС죬ͷŪŹͷӹͷصŪţܿھĴϾմĿˮ
ھĴִŵСȥ˱ҧŪھĴĴִӲͦĿڽ£ҲĸΪִȡ
áִܵˡӲˡ
ող˴ֱӲͦȲѣ¶˳羴۹⣬С³ڴͷӣһºСסš
ٺ٣ֻҪС򣬲ܺʱǻӲġԺҪһ伸С档
áܶٴҲԸ⡭١ٸūһΰɡ
ʾŨ̬ʱھԭͺܾ޴ĹͷӵִͣҲðѪܡ
ھſСͰѹͷ³ڴϵصŪš
ã͹ˣɧĵСޣô챻ҸɰԼ˵챾үúõĵģ
ھаĶ˵š
š
ܷſ۾ĵ۹⿴ھճϵͷվǱھȻڵϸ߸ߵͦԲⶴŪھĴִʱѾˮſ޳ȣȲҪӭھĴִ
˼ϲϲڵϡȻֻķĸһٸ߸ߵԼԲܴӱôĲҡҡҼͦľ顭
ںƵѾһһУ԰εĳΪھʵūˡ
ھҲĻＤ𣬿ұִҲϵʹţаЦŶ˵:С̲ס˰ɣԼүϰˣͻɵˬģ
Ŭſ޳ȣھϷһ˫ھǸȴִ󣬽žȲĽԼⶴС
ðôֺó˼ҵĿˡ
Բ½СҲϲõھִȫʱ̾ϢϸҲҡԲΣ˵Ľ϶ȱ롣һԾҲھë
ŶáѽִܴǡŶð
ⶴزסھִʱܲסھĴִĳʵУŤϸζԲűھĴִǻȶ־õĶͦ
šķѽǺ
ھ˫һѩͦεľ飬ŮƤϸۺͷĵԣǰ㣬ѹھһ˫ϣĵ˵İԲҲǰҡţʱŪھִ
šҪǡô˼һᡭᱻܶˡҪˡҪˬˡ̫ˡСҪˡйҪйˡ
ŪھĴִذڶŴִϴӹеĿУˬ˼Ҫ׵رˣ
ˡ˼ҪйˡܵĴˡ
ʱȫǿҵøϮţӣҰ޵촽һ˿˿ĿҺһ˫۸гһϸ죬ⶴҲ˱ھִ
ھ!ҪſһߵĴϣץ˫֣ԱߵһƬӣӺHȻǰڱHʱסҡεģ     㡭ġǿԡǡҪˡ塭ðҪūˡԡļҰɡҡҡˡԡġHҡҡԡǡӡ
һھеԼģòԼ
ھûִⶴнĲ˱ţŵڴϣλſĽϷͦš
ðɡɵˬ
ھһͳСĽţټϵ޴ĹͷĦӹʱһɵĿУҲ°ڶԲӭţھִĳ塣
ʱ˶Ѻ䤱ĵƹ¸Եھý޶ˣǰһԸͦԲķֹϸʵϸŤȳƵķʱֱʱн濪Ʋ֪ôڷźá
ˬ˼ҪˬˡˡܺðִӲҪ˼ˡˡĻҪԡִܴɵҪˬˡҪˡҪййˡ
ˬļֱˣҵҡͷ˽ţڴﵽ߳һһεйˣǿҵĸ߳ʹѩ׵Բθ߸ͦһ󣬵ڴϣҲĲš
ѩ۵ļÿһھŪĺۼ̰˵ĳףĽ޵ϣֻ޾̬ĴУȼܵ𡭡
̬ʱھҲûŹǴִһֱͣⶴھ˫ȿڼ棬Ȼʼǰ
ʱھһͦһְ˫飬ʱظʪʪǣܿؾٶȵĻصеĸ֮߳Уϵسڸ߳УѾǿҪˣ
ʱˬµæھ㡭˰?ھһͦһ߻ش𣺡ʲôѽ?ܡ㡭㻹ûҪй𡭡ҡˬ˼ˡҪйūˡܡȥᡭᱻĴġҪ
ĵУĽʼҵĲˡ
ھڸǵѿ쵽ﶥ㣬ִҲʼͣ˲˻شٵͦ
оԼⶴеĴִĸΪִʱһĿϲ֪ԼҪŨҹ̵ľҺˣǹʣӭھ
ھϵͦŵĴͣҲ壬תŪţָϲסĥţ죬ὥأԽԽҲԽԽأʹɵɧĵ˽ţġ󼦰͡áɵá˼ҡˬ졭ֶ֡˼ҵġˡมม˼ҡ֡ҪˡܡܲˡӴġ󼦰ˡѽˡ˼ҡมҪййˡมˬ˼ˡࡡ
ھǽխⶴһһ˱ĿУҲˬؾһɣһŨҹ̵ľҺֱĻģ̵ˬػ˹ȥ


 1999


131 
תۼ䣬1998ϲ쵱Ļˣ֮1999꣬20͵һ꣬ʽ
199813ա
ʱһܿĲ747յзš
ھںͷȲڣСŮߡŮʱǷǳ˷ܣǿǴδȥ
ھѰؼ֮Ѿ1999ˣʱڸȴЩȥھĿһڶǩԼƣ
ƣھڼ䵱жŮȻǺ˽ģͨδһгɾͣھģԼҪǩԼҪ㵽֡
ʱʱ䣬ҪعˣԼȥ㶨С
ɻ36糿˵ŦԼģ˷ɻ֮ھ˵ȥƵ갲ҴǺúһŦԼȥҪҵˣ
һݶǴΪϲֳƺá
ŦԼһ죬֪䣬ɫѾȻŦԼͷȻƾֽԣǣʱʱѾʮһˡ
ھҲˣʱûȥˡ
סϣپƵ꣬ʱϲýмƳ̳ھֻó·ؼҡ
ߵһСӣҲ֪˭޵ģСӾȻԽԽڣǵģݶЩ£ھ̧ͷ˿ģ߼˿·߻谵·ƣݣοǣǲغ¡
ʱ򣬺Ȼھ֪ʲôĶײһ£˵ʱˤڵأҲ漴ɵھĻУھֻһŮҷԼıǻУȻһŮӢ˵߰Ȼǰ׷Ҿˣ
ǸŮھüͷϽŮ˵λãô
˵йھΪŮ˭֪Ůȴôй˵й
ιСӣСӵʶģϽÿǵָȻٻ㣬ȻĻҪСӲú
һŵȻ
ϴ㿴СԱ߻ŮۣһһСǿ̫ˣ
һ
ΰû뵽ϻ˰
ھһϵݺŮ̶㵽ھ
ھһЦ̧ۿһ¶ԷԷһǿ׳İˣŸͷźɫģеӣϵһ̣ԵƦʮ㣬һͲǺ˵ӡ
׳󻹸ˣǴι״֣һҲʲô˼ҵӡ
ιСӣÿС椸ղС椻ձ椰ɣٺ٣˵ձŮڴϺˣҲ֪ǲ
˹ͷЦ
㡭˵ʲôҲŲձŮˣйˡ
ǸŮߵ˵
ŮͦйģȻе£ŬԼ飬ףȵȣŮ찡
ھеԻ
ϸĿ˿ǰŮʱǰһСŮȻ俴󣬵ǿĵһۣӣƮϣֻ΢Цݣʤѩһһְں쳾֮ʡ
ھоһִ֮崿񾲣ȴȻɣһ京õ壬䲻ǾһƳȴҲ޿ɰá紦ӣáʵʡ
ѹأھҲǷǳġ
ھȴǸоԷе죬·һ
ԼûʲôѰɣ治ǵˣ˭أ벻
ھ˼ʱǸСŮҲھھȻôʱһʧΪ˱ԼСӿѱˣԼҪ취С
ǣŮϽ˵ǡòҪҲ¸ǣ׷ҵʱѾ绰ˣϾñҡ
СŮŬԼ˵ĸһҪѶԷסȻĽǺȻŬûдԤڵĿġ

ǰ˹Ц˹ͷЦС椣Ϊ𣿱֮Ź㣬Ȼôʶ̧٣ҲҪʮӣ㹻ĵطȥˣԹɡС椣Ҳ߰ɡ
˵껰˹ͷҲھķӦ˫ھһƣҪƵһȥ
ʱھСŮŻˣ쵽Լǰ־ļһ
СŮΪԼڽӵʱ˭֪ԱͻȻ˿ϸץס˹ͷھϷʵǰʮӵʱ㹻ŰһΪλСˡ


132 
ھһа֮Ϲŵ΢ЦʱƯŮʱھĻһᱻסġ
ʱݿԼϰ壨ɵȻô˧ðģʲôҲˡ
ֻǸŮΪµԭûȥ۲ǰλԼײʵǺˡԼΪʲôʱ֮ûиؼңǵҪԼȥһ¹ĿС֪ߵһںڵνܰ
ھ˵⻰Ů͵͵۾һܣϣҵܵ·ߣɲΪôδ󺺣ھܴù
Ǹ˹ͷϴھץס󣬵ʱ־ŭ벻ԼС˾ȻΥԼ뵽ŭһһֻһӣھȥҪھðǡ
ھЦһһȭȥٶȼ죬ˢһ£ͷ۾

ǹͷҽһʱðǡھַſƺ£ͷ۴УѾһƬհףʱˤ˵ϡ
ϴϴû¶ɣ
ԱߵСආϴǰСӻˣʱΧʾԼģϴ꺮ůЦʱԼĵʱ
ݿһĽŮȴһ˫ķۣСŴӣСڣһţ·ǰһһ
벻ǰԼ˼Ȼ֣ӲͰδ󺺴ڵأֱָ
ҪǻʵǰݣΪԼء
һͷò˹оǳ裬ǶģĿFuckСǿϣȲҪңҪŹһҪۣ֪ҵĺ죡Ŷ~Fuckˣ
˵֮סԼѪ͡
ϴķԸĸСó˵ɵó˺һŵǶ߳ϵ
ݺƿӣʱɵˣŮӼң￴Щ
ھЦһһǰٶȿ磬šؼҽУС챻ɢɣǱѡ
£˲֪ˣ
ھЦһԱһӣ˵ҲϲɱˣԸǵѵ֪ʲô˲ǣ
˵ţӻ輸£ҽУЩ˵ұ۶ھñΣڵ۴С

ھһһϽŷ۵ֱۣվܵˡ
ھתݸϽվھһǸŮ
Ů˶ھĲ
ھʱϸСŮֻʮһͣǸԵСȻϳ˭вϲĵ̤Ь٣ȫѹºˣ
ǣھЦʵС㣬ʲô֣
Լ˾ȵãСŮҲˬ˵Ǻãҽӣˣǡ
Ȼƣ
ھϲؼҪȥˣʱѾϲŭɫû˵ʲô
ȴǳһ˵ѽϰ壬Ҫҵ𣿡
˵԰ӣҺƬϵһ
ʲô
һͷˮǡҵģ
ȫûϵһ㡣
С㣬á
ھǺһЦ˵ҽһ£Ѷ˾ϰ壬ҽھ
ھھ
̴ھĻеҾ˵ô㣬ԭھ
ھ˳һھѵôңԶҲʶҰ
㡭˵ң
ھȤ˵
ǰҿǿݵĻ񣡡
˵
Ҳ񣿡
ھȤ
ǵȻ
˵ȻҲйˣΪɶйӾ磿֪ҿǺϲݵĻ񣡡
ǺǣʶҾ͸ˡ
ھǺһЦ˵ʵûб飬һ£ûȤȦչأ
Ȧ
һ£˵ʲô˼ҳ𣿡
ֳϷ
ھЦǩԼҵĹ˾Ϊҹ˾һԱһᾡȥ㣬ǣΪ񡭡Ⱥ˶ܿѷô죬㿴ô
ǣ
еţԼֻһͨѧûϵͳѧϰӰݣǲеǿأԼ費֪᲻ӦԼҪ
ӲһھֱǰСŮı츳ġ
һߣһھɣĽǶȸպÿԿ޳ģ쵰Ӥ㴵Ƶļڲͬ۾һ˫ܡĻꡱķۣ̬ȣټһͷ־Եļ㷢ֱǡƮ衱ھҲ֪ΪʲôδӻᱻΪУޡĳഺŮ
ڵഺŮüͷ˼ڤ룬ԵҼ
ھһӦģһġǰӵĸװٿ人ѧϵڣĸǹһ赸Աʱ8̶ڶ조ͯͯװģشлùھ
ʮʱСŮĸĸ죬ӱ人н۶Сѧѧ顣
ʱڳΪԱ֮ǰҲ人СӰģء
ھǵõʱһӰʦӵģر㣬߰ƬôиԵǳƯһҲͷͷǰƺˡҵǳǿܶƣҪӰʦ˵ڵúܵλʱҾ룬ŮԺ϶зչ
2002صΪһʱ䣬ԵñڵͬŮӵĳ졣
ͬ7£ӱӰѧԺϵƸ¼ȡӻعƬνںȲʱоͿԵķز棬šһâ䡱ŮݡҡŮŰ飬ھǽһμϵо
ھΪһӰӽǳ飬ʱԼİæλŮԻΪһǹ˼ȽȽǣǰ;
뵽ЩھİһԼǰϲŮǣһʼԺΪ̨Լİ֮£һɢԼڵδҫ۵Ĺâ


133 ӵľ
ھӵɫЩԥȻԼ⣬ǼջǩԼһ㿴ô
һ򣿡
ӴסˣҪ֪һɾ൱ڰ˰ҰԲǸСĿ
ӴʱĶˣԥһ£˵ǸҡҺȰǡ鲻ԼܹġһҪһ¡ǸԲ𰡣
ӲûеӦھȻЩʧǿСŮֲ̿ӣʱ֮㰲οûϵС㣬ûûϵؼҰɡ
ӼҾﲢԶھ˽͵ſڣӸм˵ָ磬λ㣬ллء
ھһЦ˵ؿС㣬ϣ濼ǣϣȦġҰҵƬ㣬ʱԴ绰ңһġ
˵ţھӻȡһƬݸӣȻתСŮ뿪ˡ
뿪ӼңݶЩˡ
ϰ壬Ǹʲôֵһ𣿡
˵˵
Ҳ͵أɵǲǿˣ
ǺǣСӣԴˣ
ھ§ŶŮЦҲ𲻸ˣȻȥҸÿ𣬵㻨ǮΣ
𣿡
Ůϲ
˵ӿھȥıӰٿ˿ϵƬվżв֪Щʲô
һſˣŵӵǿŮôûȴŮȻվſڣһ˵磬ʲôﲻݣ
衭
ڻعϽ߽
ţüͷʵ磬ȥĶˣôôŻ
û˵ֻüͷ֪ʲô򰵰оŮѵʲô¶Ͻʵ磬ôˣǲǳʲôˣ衭
ӵۿôһ˵ʱˡһ˽Ļ
ء衭衭ˡԶˡء衭Բ𡭡Ҫܡء
ûмôѹŻˣϽο粻ޣޣ׳ʲô¶ˣ˭۸˵
ӱ϶İ齲һ飬ֻʧɫԼŮǲһǿڰǸǾŮĻôֱˡ
СŮ޵ϡﻩ滨ӿֱҪˡ
ƽʱŮǽ裬Ҫ˵ˣ᲻һ£ڷô¶Żˡ
һСʱ΢˵Ȼʵô磬裬ǸǾ֮ûСûռ֮ģ
ˣȻһ˻Ե޹Ӣ۾ôƯдһʡ
裡ôô˵ҵľأ˼ĳɺˣܺ治ţôεס󺺣̫˲ˣ
ӴʱھǺøޣһȻ˵żĻϽֱ磬裬ǲ֪ھжһ֣Ͱ󺺴ſ¡
ӱ˵߱ȻеڽͽӡŮ˵üɫ裬Ҳ˿룬ŮûӰͺá
ȻȻ뵽ھƬԼҪԼϷء
Ӵûи˵ԼҪȦչȻС룬СԴְ֮ûжʲôҪ֪Լ赥һʵǺܿġ
뵽ӵͷЩԥ֪ԼǲӦøڼȦ顣
ܻԹɫǱЦ˵ôˣ磿ǲǻʲô¶ûи˵˵ɣСûиҪʲôһֻҪ룬һӦġ
𣿡
Ӵϲ벻ĸ׾Ȼͨ
ȻģҲСˣ費ƭģ
Ц
ġ衭
ư˵һ飬˵ԼǳԸȦԼС뵱ơ
ŮҪԥʱҲһ赸Ա֪ԱһҵĺڰӦġǵŮĿʱԥˡ
ղŮ˵ǸھԼŮֻ꣬ԼŮһӦòǻˣ˵ԼŮľˣԱ߿ŵʲô⡣
漴̾һðɺðɣֻҪ룬ҾʹӦ㣬

ʲô
żʵ
ҪľˣǿҪ˵ĻŶ
Ц⡣
Ȼû⣡費˵ҲҪ赱ҵľأҿɲֿҺԶ׵ġ
˵֮㱧סĲӣǵһ𡭡


134 
ڶ磬ӱ㲦ھƬϵĵ绰绰ھľƵ§˯ھȻȻı㱻ˡ
˳˵һ£ƵҲھĲҵ֮һ
ֻһֱֻ۴ޱһץסֻֻϽ֮ھûʵ˭ô磿˼˯~~~ֹϣ˸Ƿ
ڵ绰һͷߣ뵽ԷԼż񣬻ӻشҰھӣ㲻˵֮ͨҪ绰𣿡
û˵㱻ھˣȵȵȣȵȣ
ھһδƣ̱ˣæڴͷĲ˼˵С㰡ãղʧҾȻ˯
绰һͷСŮе룺Ǵôоһ棿
Ӷһ٣װû¶ļ˵ҲҵĴҴ绰̫ˣⲻ㡣
ھ˿ѾǾŵӵ̫Դϴ¼ߣޱȣ˼˺ˣ˵Щˣ˵¶ɡǲѾͨˣ
ǵģѾˣҾǩԼĹ˾
СŮࡣ
⻰ھһ
һСʱھھƵƵ
׼ھȻŮˡ
ֻҲʮͣһͷĳòʮƣǸޱȳζʱļͥѣ˼޵ζھ˲ΪĶ
̸¶ʱ
ھͬóһ˺ͬݡ
һ Ľˣƶ鲢̫ȴȫסˣЩ̫ˣŮΪ֮𺳡
ЩҾû⣡ǩԼ
ϸ֮ͬ󣬱ʾû⡣
ǾǩԼɣ
ھ΢Ц
ǩԼ֮ھ˵õһ֧Ʊ
ھ˵⣬ҽøһµ֡Ͼ֣й˹ƲԸܡ
Ͼһйˣһձ֣Ҫˣô⣬գЩʾӲˡ
Ҳ֪ھ˼˵֮øʲôֲźã
ھ΢Цô
ƣ
һüͷΪĸŮıа˷񣬴ʱһͬüͷü˼һķ羰
磬أ
ӡ
ܲԺͽưɣ
룬ԺƺҪˡ
ھǺЦЦݺ˵ݣǴȳȥһһЩŮʿ˵
Ŷã
ݺ˵ͷҪƳȥԥһ£һԼ衣
ǳȥɣ̸̸
΢Ц
ƸݶŮȥˣھ΢΢һЦ˵Ůʿ֪ûа׳Եͣʲô鶼Ҫ۵ġ
һ㶣˵ʲô˼
ʵûʲô˼
ھ΢Ц˵ҶиȤҪԳΪǣҪҵˣ
ʲô
󾪣̶Ǻе㡭޳ܣҲӦޣ
㲻Ҫڰ
ھƽ˵֮߳ŮʧȥϷĻᣬպҲҲκεӰ˾Ҳ粽Уһȥ
סˣ̶ת
ھվߵߣ˵ҲˣϹٿǰ֮Ҳûҹˣ׻˵úãŮʮʮ绢ƻѵϣôõߣ
˵ţھߵǽߣһǽϵĲʱˢˢ˿һ޴ĲشŴһʱ270ȻƹۿȥһƬεһɫǡ
ھתߵ˵ҵϹҪԭûٻ⼸û˵һɾϣҸãһֱˡֻҪ˳ңܵõģԶ޷õģ㿴Ƭ󣬵ҲܰﶼֻҪǸңһһӶǺãҪһУٻӢ󷿣ɽ亣ζһһУʶǸʦܸ𣿷ҲֻҪҸǮžУԲԣ
һ㶣β˵ھҲؿ
ͻȻһЦѮŮ˲ǾһЦȻ̬ûֵھҲһ
һ
һ䣬ھûӦĵĺ촽Ѿӭھ촽


135 ޣϣ
ھһ㶣Ů˵ı仯һʱץסͷԣǺܿǵУŮˣǰĲôԸΪһǧ𣬹ǴһϣֳڲͬȲŮǰŤŤ󣬸ûЩĻ鼱еǰٰĲٰ࣬´桭ֻ͵Ůˣӵѳ֪˵һҪ
ھеʱĺ촽ͻȻ˿ھһһ˿Ц˫ֽһƣƵɳϡ
ȻԼѵ·
ĶôȻû˿ҲһЩ߰ŤֻǴһ˿Ц⡣κ˿龰ǾջĻ棡
£ӱȥȹӣҲڲ֪б˦Աߵɳϡ˿ھǰһֻغǵ׿ĳ޸
ɫ¡ʺ㣬Һϲ
ھƵŮ˳壬ųԼĸ̾
ϵЦ·øŨھߣбھĻ쵽ھ崦ĸš
ô󰡣Ȼеˣû뵽˻ô󣬿
оھĳѾӲޱȣ򷢳һЦ
ھˣЦһ֪ҵ֤պԶ벻ң
򲻴ʱھڿھ˵Ĵ
˵ĺܴ󰡣ôֵAVƬҿҲȲϣȰٿǸҷǿˡ
ô㲻㣿
ھ
ÿӾˣʱӲӲ˵ټ޷Ҫǵĸ鲻᳤õģҪ磬ҲŲôأǸҵˣ붼룡ߣ
ھĹͷţھĹͷһЩˮҺҲûҹˣһԭѾ˵ˣһΪҾЩǹͷпá㣬ܳŶأ
߹˵ȴޱȵĻھֻоԼͬůˮһ㣬ǳá
ء
ʱӣһţѾھĹͷЩھһˬڲ֪кɳˡ
Ŀڽȷʮָ֪߳ǴѧģھŮľ鼫ᣬ˿¾Ҫ
𣿡
ͣ˱ĶӽھǰʵŮ˵´棬ֵ쾡¡
šתҿɧѨ
ھ˵תӣͷھŵķٶȽھ˽ȥɫǵ׿壬ֱӳھǰ
ںڵë¶ڵ׿棬ھָĵ׿㲦ȻͷȥһһɻζϢֱھıǶˣŮζŮˣ֥ǻܱȱȡ
ھ̾
ܲʮӣȻһ¶ûС
عͷھһЦ
Ҳ
ھЦ
ֻҪ㲻࣬ϿûϴŶ

ھ˵ĵ׿һͷȥڸھ˱͵ĹУɧѨѾʼˮһЩдҺζζȽŨңӴ̼ھ񾭣ͷһ±㶥뵽棬ǰĦŪϵ⡣
ʱҲоһˬֱԺŪķʽŮˬģֻŮŮ˵Ҫʮ˽˲ŶʹļɡԾƨһڣֳ顣
ëʮŨܣһڲëë̼ھıǻھ͵ذһƣһ˸硣
һ˶ЦһţЦСԹԣԲԲȥëëøˬòã
ھͷվӣԼڿϴã˵ҿһϴˣĸΣȵҺ𣿡
ھҲվȵȣм͸㡣
˵ߵűߣ˽ȥһᣬֻھһµСֽ򿪿
ֽ򿪣һ׺ɫ£ȡ˳Farmanlͦġ
Цھһ¡
ԡǱߣ
ھָָһǵĹ˵Ҿ㡣
ܿģëʪͷԡ˳ϴŵģھո͸Farmanl
ھѾԼȥбɳϣЦؿҵ۹ûɣ
ô֪ҵĳ룿
ʵ
ûʲôǲ鲻ģɣҪúòٲ㣡
ھ΢Ц


136 ޣ£
²
ȻٶߵھߣץסھȻʵҪҪٰ
ҪˣɣҵļͱŪӲҪҲɡ
ھ˵
ûأ
һЦҲõҰͷ˵
Ȳˣ㡣
ھ˵ţѾĵ׿
û취ôŪ䣿
⣬ů
ھ
𣿡
ʵ
ûУô㻹»У
ھЦʵ
ǰҪǻˡ
Ҹ𣡡
ھ˵ţһѳ֣˫ַ׼ɧѨӻ䡣ֽ§סھļһСģھĴһֱͱףܲˡ
ͷ֮УϱоĽСʱûгֵʪھоһĦĿ⡣Ѿüأ﷢Ľ
ȲҪǸ̫̫ˡڲȥһȡһ¡
ھ촽һ£ǰɣܲˣԼɣһġ
ھ˵ɣǴ˿еˬͲ̲סҪʵѵһļƷһһѿھļͼеܲ͸磬Ҳͣ䶯ţھоԼȻһ¾͵˷ıԵ
ܶˣ
ھԺͷһȻ˫һ٣ѨгЩȻһţٶȥ
ء𶯡Լ
۽һ⣬Գʹ١ھͷβǼβɣȻ˵úúãҲԼɡ
ʱỬȴ󿪣ھƨϣȻ¶ͬʱʼɵŤ˵ֳܵһû˿ķ϶
㿪ʼˮŶ
ھоڵԽԽ˳֪ҲѾ𣬱Ȥ˵
šȽûôۡԶһԣҪô
ھԣ͵һֱӹڴ̴һţһ˵
Ӳá
ھһ߿ʼʶԼһЦҲҲٵŮļƷˬ
ǡ𡭡Ҹеҡ
һ˵ţһԶԼĺ촽ھһ
ھŪһ˵ǻ桭
ҵСĸΡ
ȻһЦ˳ӵվӣʲôƣ
ַŲ輸Ҵӱջ
ھָָɳǰĲ輸
˵תӣ˫ϥأѩ׵ƨɶھȻͷЦǲ
Ȼ
ھЦȻ߹ȥסƨɣѨ¶һ㣬ȻٶȰ˽ȥ
ھʱеһĦкͽոУȻջǵһ˽룬ˮһεĽԶһҪ˳ھ룬͸ĳܹϵĳܹǽһȻͣǰ͡ʼȥһ㡭һ㡭
ھѾоԼĹͷӹǻֽĿзǳ֮ǿңʹҲ̲סԽԽ졣
ھ˵Ѩ˼ļƷûˡҸ
һţһ˵ءҲðҡҴҲûСûôġ
иġҵı»ֻС
ءҪҪͣҡҪˡ
һźţһǿҵŤŮȵǻ̼ھ񾭣ΡΡĴڿвϵضʹھܿ͵ıԵ
ھһƴضţһ˫Ĵѩ׵ƨɣеŮǺá
ˬĴ󼦰͡ǰھĸΡ㡭ڿ㡭
ͣطĺУھҲԽԽ
ܲˣǡˣ
һСʱھľѨǿҴ̼£ҲѾǼϣץסӣŮĺͥ˾Һ


137 񸸡
ڣº󣬻ŴƵھ§ɳϣ˵ҪҲ鵽ôЩȷʵûҹѣһ治ôôꡣ
ھϻţ˵ղ˵ĶԣŮʮʮ绢⼸Ҳ̵ˣҺôһ㣬Ǻǡ
ھЦݺĴƨһ£˵ȻŮ˶õ㣡Ժһźңһˣ
ʲô
һ˵ˣҪ֣
ھ΢ЦôӦǸղŵҾ͵ûҴӴ˾͵ʶ߸·

æ˵ֻǾáĸŮôһź㡭
ھЦ˵Ҳգ㿴ɣ
˵ţھվȥһһ̨ԳǰһƵһ򿪣˿ʱˣԭ⾹Ǹղŵ𽵹Ƶĵʮ˵Ҿ¼ȥ
ھ΢Ц㲻ӦǶʮСʱƵͻᷢϣҵˣͻչָ˿㿴Σ
Ϻһ󣬰һ̾˿˵ֻϣ㲻ҪҺǡֻ绹Сϣܹڡɵ𣿡
ھϲӦ˵ãɵãɵã
ǣھԼĵڶŮơ
ھԼŮһÿĴȥԼȥ˽á
˵ʵھŷĽûǺܺģҲãϾйɽկãھǷǳȥܿģھ˽áŦԼǺܴģĽڣΧȼŴеʥ̨ϣʥˮȼƷ
һҮձʮּϵľ޴ܵʥ̨棬ҮմڣѪͷ·˵ʲô
ĽׯϺµģ֮۵ĺ˲٣ھԶмŮȻòôǴĺׯϣҲ
˶Ľڣмϵͽڵ桢ڵ˽߿̽ϵ˼κãֻ˵ԼʲôҪڣҪ桭żҲ˿ھһԺ΢Ц
ھùû˼ģֵطҲͽ
ιһ½ãھߵ˽һСӣǽרŸá͵ӰݵĲ࣬治и壬ʦ߸˫ԷԾؽԼ˵Է
ھ÷ģɴȥ
ٺ٣Ӳ󣬻ԣﻹй·ĵطھĲɴͳһȼȻọ̀ҿԱڱ߳
˵ֵط̣ˬúܰ
ֻĳ˲뵽ܿͻ漣ԡ
ھƵس̣ʱ򣬺Ȼһʮ߰Ůܽңĸòģһͷɫĳǰ͹̣ĻһǸĶĽɫ
صȹһԻı֣ԲԲң˵鷿Ǵһ޵Ʒһ㣬޳ԸеԲȹ֣Щɿɫļһۺ졣
ԹԵģڻǶ찡椴е˰ɡ
ԸŮܽңʱھֺǺǵĳ̣Ȼķ϶һ˫ţȻһ˱ǵ㴫ھ˲һĶ
ھ֪ʲô¶ֵʱ򣬺ȻһʮӢڸʵʵҹ˺ܴڡ

ھɵˣ񸸣˵
ѵ񸸴ĵطĶȥˣ
ٺ٣ԼڣǸŮܲ
ЩҲЩšǡҵһڡ
Ůеţ˵
벻Ҫţÿһ˶ǹƽģˡһУ㽫һиңһᾡ㡭ңӣ˵һΣеڶΣأһСģ
ھװˡ񸸡ˣ񸸣ӦͲɣ
ŮȻԡӡƺ⡭
ϵǰǶǺӣؾЩġ
š񸸣̸ܰһ𣿡

ŵζˣ񸸣ڳǰɣ
ԲϣϵԭҵУţ
ĳԼʥʮּܡ
öڡһһıȽϷգ
Ů
Ŷˣ
ʮˣʮ˵ķˣ
Բ𣬰ڹķɣδܸ꣬㡭
񸸣ˣĺܷꡭͲܰһһŮ𣿡
ðɡ̷ûɶ
ھһ޺̡
޺ð̶޺ģھ̵ʱ򣬻͵͵ӷ϶￴˿ۣһɿɫԸдŮģޱ˵ʡ̫Ưˣ
ǵģһᡢԸСĴŮֵطڸë򰡣紩Ȼᣬɳ̲Ҵڰɣ
ŮʥĽõҿʼԼ
áҴûôọ̃񸸣Ķģ
Ǹܣӣ
񸸣Ϊϵۻԭ𡭡
ģӣҷϵۺܶˣΪҾԭġ
񸸡𣿡
ֻżѡ
𣿿Ų񰡡
ΣС㣬ڣҰ
Բˣ񸸣Ҷˡ
ûʲôñҪԵĵطˣ£ʲô
ʵġһ˸ˡ
ˣҲǴŮͬѧ𣿡
ǣͬѧ
ŶΪʲô׷𣿡
ǣѡ
Ů˵׼ȷ˵ҵǰѣǾͷˡ
ŶΪҪˣ
ΪҲϺһ˯

ھһ£ʵΪʲôΪŮѲӦһ˯𣿡
ŷ˿ǺܿŵģŮཻһμ棬ϾͿʼˡ


138 .
Ů̾һ˵ʵһǴŮ񸸣
ŶʮǴŮѵãţϾŮӺ١
ġȻţҲ¶Ҳ㣬ҡŮ¶桭֮ϣҵĵһνİˡ񸸣ɣ
ܹ⣬ҷǳ֧֣
ԡһֱҵѱһľ롭Щףﶼ¶ѹ˴ɡͱ˵ɣǳȥ¶Ӫ͵͵Ǳϵ۰ʱǰŻˡ˵װĽҵİˣռɡ֪жమ𣿿ǡ֪ƭҡ
ŶΪʲôأ
Ϊʱ͵͵ˡѹ˸¶
ΣСӽ̤
ھĵ̫ˣôԼ
ŶǸĺѣ
š
Ưǰɣ
òôвȸߡ
Ŷѡǰѿζܶذ
Ҳ֡ǸȻòôزƨ̡˶ϲһֲƿصġܡܷɧ
⣬һò̫ƯŮֻʩչĲԣ̵һһ
ǸСŮ̾һ˵ĺܶԣʵʱҲͬġǶңΪʲô㳤һϲÿΪԣȴѶûһ˵ǲǺܿ
ɺ֮ˣп֮
ĳ˸̾
ڽһ£񸸣仰˵ã
ȿȣһǵڣ˹ĸ򡣡
񸸣һʣ𣿡
ʮŶѾʮˡ
ĳ˼æĿڡ
ô񸸣˲𰡡
Ҫǻáһͳ񸸡
ھǸпҪ̣Ƥ
˵һ˵ѵ¶ɣ֮ǰûСǸ
ǹµص㰡
ŮԵúܴ󷽣û˿ɬ˵ûУ֪ݵ֮ͺҵһɲǣҾ׼˶д
ŶʲôƤޣҪôǼͷƤЬ
ĳ˷ܵʣ˿ûԼġԡǶô㷺
ŮȻˣЩֻ׼һͰˮݺݵϣ
ɱЩ
ĳ޳ܵ
񸸣ô
Ŷҵ˼ǡԸϵˡϾҲֻ΢ͽһ¶Էܵͷ
үģ¶ڶ
ǣڣھٰ񸸣ڽнŮһصĵ档
ȻڵôϤӰȥҲѲһߴﹾ࣬Ҳ˵ģ
ϡ
лл񸸣ллֻںãҲ֪ԼǶǴǲǲӦþܾѵҪ󣿡
û㣬úܶԣ
ھ˵סаԣ氮ǹسԽֻδã˵ˣʮ꣬ͻСʲô
Һܶѣ֪ģѾǴŮʶ̬ϣǲǺ飿
ֵ
ھһǰ١ɡٶˡഺӰ;Թ˼顣
Ҿߺܺá
ھڲٺҵ٩˵ÿ˶Լļֵۣ㲻ҪΪӭϱˣıԼסҪԭͼ֣Ҫ׷ԼһôδͻʮʱͻãԼǶǴԼҲ㲻
ھֱⷬ˵ŮĿΪഺڵŮĳʶޣھġˡ˵öǾ衣
Ůһ£˵ҡżҲǸģ磬ϲ־ϵӾװģڿơ˹δˡϷʱҲûȵܡǲǣܻѽ
ھ
Ҳֱ̫˰ɣ
еģഺڣƽԲ̫ġ
㵽Ϊֹܶ˵
𣿡
нŮʣòǻŮ
ϵۿ֤Ǵģ
ھô˵Ůƺܿġ
ʮӺ
лл㣬񸸣Ҵδڹ벻һھġ
˵
ܹ;ҵҡϵ۱㣬š
װװĳ˾ԼϷ츳
Ҫһ棬񸸡
Ȼԣ㵻ɡ
ھһΪжѣԭǺ̸죬һഺ⣬̫ˡ
Ůʼʮָۣǰ棺ܵĲʥ̻£ϵڣԭ£ҼǿʤЩϰʥ࡭лܵϵۣϣԶףңԶЩ˵Ŀաҽ֤Ժһּ⣬ŬԼһŸжߵÿһˡҮջ󣬰š
տʼʱھνһţһ̣߳ͻȻһ
ʲô.ţ
òǡɿģ
ھԺֳǰƬ֮ǡֹǸӵɫɫ۾Ըнޡ
ѵ˵үôңײδԸŮ


139 ǿϣ
뵽ھѹȶԷ뿪ʵ˵ʲôн.ţ
ǰôˣ񸸴ˣ
Է
ģ
ĳ˿ʼˣ˯ʱϵ۸˵δĳҪúõغ̽ǧʧ
볬˵𣿡
Ȼ㻹˭
ŮȻЩ
ңÿԡΪ󣿡
Լ漣һ֣
ʲô
һ
һ
ǵģҪһ㣬ǹ
˭˭԰ң
Ҳ֪֣ԶصĶ
˵һصĶӿ԰ﵽҡ
ô˵
񸸣ЦˣкܶѣɾûԶġ
ôأ
ĳ˼ˡн.ţӵмô󡢷͵˵ĻѪְīĻѪӵעĿɫƯɫ۾Сʱ㾭ңڼͥһƯС13ͿʼϷϧѣһֱСǣҪôǰһЩɫܿա˵Щ𣿡
Ůסˣɵסˣסˡ
ھˡ
ǽ񸸣
Ǽģ
ôô׼
ѵ˵
ھⰡ¶㻹֪α񸸵
ɾĳ˵ʱ򣬽.ȴͻȻŶǲǺһ˴ͨˣҵģҾ֪һͻ뷽跨׽ŪңļһĲǣ
ھ
̵ģ椣Լҡ
ھһѴ˳ȥҵţ˽ȥ
һһʮӢ˺Ȼ˽е˭ʲô
ھһѽǽϣ־ͳ·
ʲô
ŵûʧɫƴ㲻ԡң⵽ϵ۵ĳͷˣ
ھЦ˵ϵۣǺӶ£
˰ޣſңſң
ŵûɢ޷ѳھħƣֻܹǰϣǰ
ϧھ֮ʱûԽĺȸûá
ھ¥סϸ˵һҾͻý㳢ԵŮ˵Ŀġ
᲻ʳе㣬ŹҰɡǴŮҲԡҪҵĵһİˡ
ɻû˵꣬ܵھȵĴͷŪ۵Ķǿе֮һ־Ҫƿ
˲䱻ˡ
ھ˫շɺ죬ëʹ˵ķ˴Լôˡ룺Ů˵ı仯ֻһСṦ򣬽һĴŮɷŮˣֲǳ˵ΰģ
ھͷŽԸ޳񾱣ԸлգֲڵɫָĦķΣھⲻеĶͨ͸ӨĶ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸй񾭡
ھϮȻڼھǹʪۣھŰĳ࣬С˱Ŷشͷʹýסкڱŷ
ȻھĺƯĶʣߺ˿ȵϢ͸ݡֱ˽ȥѷĶǼϸܵССëִڶ޵ļ˿ĸоĵϽͷ
ھŽĵ̬Ҳ̲סˣһѱסĽǵصѹȥ
ھʵ˱Ž㴽ͷ̽ȥݽգһҰܲӣȴ˵˫˱
ά̵µ׼꣬ţֻԼҪһǴŮô
ھûᣬֻ֪һȫý顢ֿһ߽ıݣԷ
ԼڴԼֶ֪ǵ˱øᡣʱھǰ̽˿˽ĳݷ죬ͷֱ룬Ū⣬˫ѹţܣֻƾŪھͷȲסĲ࣬ȻȻۻԼҧϸ£˱
˴ܵӵǻͷһ⣬ûгζֻҪѣȫȣϵĲʧˡ
ھСһһ£һһͷ˫
𽥽ڳҺ鲻ԽھУ˱ԼҺҲ˹ȥȲؽӭھ̽Լеʪͷ˾ʪ
ھ̽ȥذ׵ȹСС¸Բ̵βר˱ͷ±ʧء
Ҫ㣡㲻ԣ
Ǻ¡ɬϲǲᣬԶһֱǰưġ
û뵽ھôֱԼʥ࣬δܸ¶Ѩ˽ܴһһǿҵĴ̹ŮǿѹѾõĿǿҷ˹Խ̧ͷڴü΢룬Ȼ̱ھƾڲ
ھԼ޸ǳܵõɧ˵ŮֻĽԼ˫֮£ת鵴˵
ھ֪ˣ
ھЦʱˡҵĽҪ壬ΪҵŮˡ
˵ţھ˺˽·
·͵ھһȹͱˣʱۺɫʽŵԸչھǰ
̫ˣŻԲһ㣬صԵޱȣĳ޳ͦ˵˿ýԸеǵشԵɿɫ˼ھһǣ̲סˣ˺˽ϵֺڿ㣬̣Ĵ̡۵ķۺͷԼԲ̱ܲ¶⣡ȻھԼĿھĻʧ۾ȫ塣
ھëĿ䣬Ϻɫ˶׳Ĺͷ˻ð͸Һһ۴Ӵ־ǳȶԶʤһ˵
Ǳʶú£ȴ˿޷ֻۿھͦŭ͵۽
ھʪܵػŪ£ԲС׻롣ѨΧǱͷһݣͽܵزֵس׳䡣
ม
ȻѾʪ󣬵ǵѨִʱԷǿѹȸУʹýüһ޷Ƶ³㴽
ýⶴ
ھ̲ס̾


140 ǿ£
ֻ߲ꡱһظоʮĴŮĤһѿˣھʮִִʵӹͷвѺݺݲۼнѨУޱȽխССѨʱͱͱֱǴδ˿ɵĻ
ŴŮĤѶһȫԸжк촽΢΢ſƴҧסԼһسĵüһʹƴĿһ¾Ͳ˳вʱһƵĺ޳צһļסھʹ
ʹ֪꣬ԼѾԶʧȥ˴Ů֮
Щʹǿҵٴ̼ŵĲҡͷĳƮڣһж̫ˡ
Щʹü΢壬ҧκ죬ߺƻ𣬽֪ԼѾǴŮˣѨͻȻ˺һ㣬о·һľ׮شԼĴѨ档
ȻеЩʹǵУȻеԼĶҪһ㣬۶˵ĵԡĻˮޱȵԣǽھޱȴִȵӭ˴ŮѨ
ھһ壬ֱӶѨֱδ˴Ļģʵ̫ˣмֻ档
֭ⴽסÿһ֣ÿһ綼ۻںͻʪ妵ճĤغסȻİĽСѨڡ
ȻѨһЩʹǸ뵽ѨĹУһͷĿѣǿҿҲͬʱ˵Ĵ񾭣ھڽĴŮСѨ治Ͻʶţܿһɹ̵ɫҺĻӿ
ء
һǿҵУŷһֻһ֡顢ᣬʹоŻȵһʶᴩֱѨĻģһŮڳڵĿ顣
ٵؽתƺǿܣַ·ǽͦŮѨڱҺŪʪֻ
Ϊɫ֭ˮΪس֮£ƹۣ֮ҲǿеУû뵽ڴȶ鵴Ӱ֮£ԼƶʹоǿңһʹҪ˺ѿһ㣬ƫϱھȫͻĳʵУʹʹܿ߶һ𣬸оȴμ仹ܸоʹҺǿеȴ޷ǷֿʹͿȫһĸоǱīݡ
ҪҪˡ⡭⡭Уо̫ǿˡҪʹġ
ҵĽã𣿡
ռ˽ӣھɵôϢĹǰխסĿ˵ڳ׵˸߹ŵĽõӡ
ھͷڽķԸеһ˱͵Ķȴû˿ͬʱսСԱߣһޱ˵ã쿴ʱҾϲˣġʹ
áʹ
Žһ䣬ھΪѾһ󣬻ڻعɵԴǸصͷ
ȵغסһֻ۵ͷ˱
Բ𡭡áաղšе㼤
ھһ˵һ߳һְֻȥᣬƽüáûϵġֻҪ𶯡Ͳôʹˡġҡ
˵βģ㡭ƭҡ
İڶСˣھҲɿļͷ
侫ʱͻԪһ塣
ھŬ˵۾ҲҲ𶯣òá
ţء𶯣ʹ
εص˵ͷ
ãҵŮˡ
ھҧס˽ĶԸ޳ĲӴůҪסˣҿĵһˣһΨһˡ
û֨װûϢһʹȥھҲʼô
áںõûУңҪˡ
ھڽĴŮɫ֭ˮĻֽ͵ŴŮխСѨС
ŽỨ΢΢Ըк촽ھͷƽĿŪš
ھһ˫ڽ޹ǡһ˿ҵĽԸеϸ
һʱ䲢ûмڳ鶯ֻԼŮѨʪ޵˱쳣ĴŮѨһһ⻷һ㣬ھȥ󣬺Ʊ⻷סһ㡣
Ѩвһһ崿ʥܵŹѱǿд룬ޣ
һǸոʹʧǿӿϽķġһɦ˸оԽԽǿңʹŸҡ̼͡ԡоһ˿ҵ崿Ľת٣۵ͷֿʼӲ
ǽסھֽխѨɬ䶯˼£һȻȵĿƮƮɡ
ھ¸߹ŵĽǻյܵĲơҺȵھԵ̾ͬʱҪӮøһͦ
ʹʹս˫ȣҪھֵƳ⣬ȻĦĿ˻ȴֽĿ嵹
ȻҺ󣬵ŮŮѨܵչ£ھˬͣȴҲ뻨ĵͼܵ谭Ǵס֫ĻԳˣٳ롣

ûܹΰϮĽҪ˫ȣܳܵס˵һѾԸеʹ֮࣬ᵽһǰδеĳʵ
иַĳ̶𽥼ֳʵоУֱھһŭУסһ죬ͬʱƨǰһִͦͻĽȻȫʪ妵Ѩ
ء
ԸеĶͷϸ΢ĺ߳һɽֹӽ㴽³
֪ΪѵʹΪѨи䱥֣ڽķŵľǾ
ü£Ѿպϵ۽޻մǵ飬ܺȾķ¶İԹǿҵ
Ȼھȴδʹ㣬׳ȫѹڽԸеϣ˫ְס㻬ϸأͬʱſ޵㴽һ˱
ޡãѾȫСѨˡýʪ
ھҰ͵ռһеʹһȴָһ΢顣
ھſԼϣȻǴִѨȵһֱͦʱ鲻Խһ
ھĶͬʱ˫ְϡ
ûзھĴ󣬲ƨ鶯
˵ĳʵý˲ûйʵУŬţѨȴԽԽˡ
ھŽĶ㾱Ȼڽڼţţ޷ֵסʱѾǿྡˡ
ھûʹʲôĴֻƽԴֱִӳ壬ڽѨ鶯ţǿҵĦȴ൱ҧҲ޷ֵסֿУֲ֧ס
Ŷ
ھ꣬Ҳر˷ܣȻԭĽ࣬Ѿ߳Ů˵ȴһĪĥ
㡭𣿡
ͷ˿ھȴȻ㾱š
УҪϵ˼ҿʲô
ڲϵУ鷿Բֱ⣬Բ
Ŷ
ѨԽԽŢھ̧ƨɣ
Ҫ
סھȴΪʱ
ղھһɲǣýʱһֱͿյĸо
ھһŽ鷿һ߿Ž¶塣
ȡ
ͦضӮ¶һ鷿ʣԲԲͷѾھӲӲġ
ھֱһ鷿Ըܵǹ̵塣

۾Ľëͣգţġ
ھһִֻӽ鷿ϻԽïʢķݣ漴һָද
Ҫ
ʵԼ촽ھȴȥ
һھתͷ˶͵
ãԸеСúõİһ¡
ھĻϵ֮ʢҪ֪֮ǰȻѣȴֶûǣ
ûԹ⣬ȴܣЩ鰮֮µҲȫһϲͨεػſԸеӣС졣
ھ˵ľ޴ڽ뾡ĽſĽ˽ȥһ˿ʵҺ˳»һӨˮۡ
ղ޵ĽʱȴھĴС
ŽԼӣھһرĳɾ͸УֻϧֻڵݻֻǽãŮǡ
šãδԹڽٺ٣˵㻹һԭ̬ĴӡڽһܼͿеļҪע⣬ڿڽʱҪһζʣֻǻе˶ֿڽļֵͷڿڽҪ㳢̼ҹͷϵڡ
Ÿӵ³ھСɵ࣬ĶŪھۡ
ܺãмǿѧϰٰҵͻĿУעУͷϵŪҵĹͷŶԣ㼼ɵô̵ʱܹ˵죬֤츳һܱģֻҪϰһΪͨڽĸ֡
ߴӵذھָʾһһϰ߳ܵĶʱһںڵ㷢ܲס׵°ڶӶϻ䣬ס˽ӣظƤ㷢ƻضʡ
һ˵ľٶȻھĿУŴãûпȷһ
ڿڽĹУ˫ֵͬȱ٣һֻһŪҵһָֻҵغ衣⣬ڿڽʱԲʱĽԶϲŮڱʱӣľٶܼԵĿС
ˣֻļھָ
ʮӺ󣬽ĸоеƺñȸղŻҪˡ
ʱھĺʼûǣִĺҲϵĴӶͷãġŬҸемٵ˵ҵĸ߳ҲѧϰĹؼĳ̣ڣ뽫ҵĺȻѸ³˷˫ֵĲŪҲҪʱļӿ죬Խĸ߷壡
ڽʮγ֮ھ˫ͻȻѹסͷԼ˽ĿУ׼ͻȻеһϢԸе˫۲ϵسⶥͼͻıʡ
Σھһ˫ĴİסףʹһŬת˲֮仯Ϊͽ͡
ءء
ھִ˿ռ˽еһпռ䣬ʹе޷ǿҵѹȸʹǵͨ죬ʹӿۿԭ˫ִʱҲֻķסھ׳Ĵȡ
ȻȵĻʹʧȥ֪ȻеھԼĿ˷ܵţһɹůճҺϵشԼĺʹĹȴ˽һֶӣڽеԼҪϢʱڰ˳
Ľ̰һʱϢȻʹĺȵĻҡ
ھͷͿھҲԿѨǸ¼Ʋͣתš
Ϲʵ˵ãһھٴγѪӲ
ˬѽ
ھʱڽ鶯ţͬʱ˫鷿
ķǳԸУھ⿴ҲѪοԼ
ھǸ¼ƣýѨϸ¼ƶܼеúܽ
ھһһ߳壬ʹǸϸϸ¼ĥýѨ
ĻھţƾѨҲ԰¼۶ϡ
ֱòòʱھŰӽתһ
Ҫĥˡѽ
޷˼ϣھ˫ֻҵסھԼѨ
ݷֻת˲ѱȫݻ٣ھݡ
֮෴ǣھʼĶͷһһµѨǰоʹʧŮ屻͵и𽥼ܵԸС
ΪŽɵţʼҷϢ΢̺㴽䲻³Ըе鷿Ƶİ´ȵš
ë¸Ƶײ¶ɫʹ˿´һžžž

ӡ֤˽ŵȻ࣬ĳֶǵζ
ԣڽϵģֻŨĿƣ̺Ľߡ
ھֳħڶ𣺡ãСʼ˵ˣСΪʲôǲ
㡭
ӿյֻü˵һ֣ӣѱھĴס
ѨҰײһ˵ͷĿǻ￪ʼⲦŪ
޴ӿܵ״̬£ֻǱֿܵϮȴھס˵ͷܵؾһ
ڸҺ̰ʳͬʱҲòǻǵĿˮ
ǵĹУѨ׺ݳ壬ڳŮڽγֵĲˣ۵ʼܵز֭ļȶ˳ŷش硣
ӵζΧټɵĺѣʹý۾
ڽϢ̢Уϸ¸ܵиĳʵùѨڵɧͷײ
ھŨܵĳë۵ķʴһ˿׵֪
ܵܵԸϮһһȴ޳˫ȼţԲƨȴƵӰҡ
һҶԾƣ֪Ϊ˽иɵʹҪнŮĵá
оӭϣھδؽ˼ǣ̧ͷڴŴһߵ̬Ÿ߹ĽýԼ³ֳ̬

δ˼ҵ԰ʱĸ߹ѵȻ޴棬ڵõռĽŵĴϢһ³
Ȼյۺü͸ſƣĴǺͳȴһӣɢҵĺڷʪԸеĶͷһֽķ顣
һֱšĸĽƽϰ߱ӱ谮ϵҰҵռպͳ֮⣬ָеһֱС
ԭʼУϵõǾ޴ھĿ˵áۡҡ
ѱſĿ۾ѾʪģҪγˮһӢżаЦڹܿеӿһ
ѨƵʺھͷеţһʵС˶
ͼܵĿУͷŤһߣԼĬӦ˵
ԭǸֵŮðɣҾٴ̼һ㡭
ѨھŽ̧ͬʱԼ
ûüκηӦơ
ݷлӿϴ죬еظܵĴ׳Ӳ
ھ裬̲סһ±Ӻ⵽һ߳ܵصͷȴԼƽСŶԷĶںڵëһҵθա
ϲ𣿽á
ھŽߺķʣͬʱƨ̧
ʪأٺݺץס´죬ʹѨֽȴֳû
׵ҧס´ǾԼǾܾش˵⣿ǿԼĴ̼
ãұ֤㶨ϲƵġңȻˤȥġ
ȾŮ㷢ķھ޼ĺ飬ͬʱ̰˵
δӦλֻסھļ˫䣬ҽǰ㣬͸ھļͷԲαִƿ̧䣬ѨӲ˶¡
Ľ࣬鷿ʱھʱڷ׳ϼѹ⣬۵ٻ˴ֲڶëƤʱ΢ʹֻ˲ͱӿֵԸг嵴ᡣ
ѾӦѨƨɱھĄxǣͻҪԼĳһݵĽźʧ䣻ܿģε£ֽȫ׽ʪ۵ĳʵоͻŮһһȷ
ŪļӾ磬Ũ֭ѨԴԴɢ˳žʣŻıԵɹ䣬ֹ˵Ŀ貿
ھʱᰴŽƨɽſ貿ҡΣͻܵİݷҪռŮÿһ˿ƣִָӷ۵ķʴմҺͿĨڽСɵľϡ
Ҫ࡭
˽ܵٱȻ΢ĸܣȴҲʹַ߳ؽϣ̵˵Ļţ뽻ţӿȫλĴ̼
ôأá˵ʹҪʥ࡭
ŮĽߡ˱Ůķ㡢żĻ塢Ħ鷿ķӯƷζҺʪ妡Ľգھ˵ε̨ʡ
Ļýиһ£Էɣ̸е˶ޱȵôߵ뵽ڣǿĲʹнӵĸоƨɶˣ·Լģȫǿ׳ƿ֮£̱ĴȲǼĵĳ鶯ʼһ߽ߡ
ʼʪھֳߴ缸ﵽ˳صļޣʹĿУھһͣнĵĽš
ûһ˿Ҫתעȥʪĵطķ֣𽥷ȣ־ΪתƵĿʼҰ

ţĿǴδľ޴Уھһ߳鶯ţһ߿ҵ촽Ӻ鷿һ૵˵á
һ˫ּҪѽ飬Ӽ鷿˫̽β棬ѹ
ˣҽţ˫§סǸ׳Ͻʵļ˶ϧ̣Ұһδδݻ𣡽źĴͷߵԽԽ˷ܣ˿ֻֻ͵Ľš
ƨɾţҵĴϢţŴҪȣ
ɤ﷢ھһҵͦȵļڣҲ̱ңһξ˼ҵ߳дˡ
Ⱥľ޴ٵʪڻÿζû˴ĵطˬĿ˲Ͱûҧ촽ŬſеϮţҰɣˡ
áˡܲˡ
ھ˶⾥ڽˮ󻬣˳ĳ鶯ţߴߴʪʱ˿̱׳ٲŵļȽˬѸٵİڵ쾡¡
ߵǺܿĶͱ§ʧ·ɵ˿С
޷ֻͨĺ㷢Ǳľ޴Уܿ͸߳ˣһƬհס
ھӶѹڽϣŤѹýġ
һ߳壬һǽķ˱࣬ܿģھµĽͳһ淭ѹסھԼⶴȥŪھ
ھôҲ벻߹ŵĽãڼȼʱȻ˷ĴŮⶴҲϵ
š
ͬʱţһ
нûоŴû취˵Ľֻ飬ĹһɻĴ̼͸˶̼Ļ˻ţﻹ͵ס緢ĸо£ѽ˫ȸ߸̧𣬷ͳûŪʮ¡
ھ͡ҺŽһйעǻȵϾͻӿ۴ŮѨһɹɻ۵ӹڣѹڽƵؽϡãȻظоױȵĿ֮Уϵ漴һ룬̵ýӹﶼ
ǼȻָζһˣϢֻãȻԿأȫ֪Լھʲô£ֻܱܵȥоȻĴǿޱȵıоشƽǶɢ˵ĸ߳תѣֻһɺζѹ
ŷųһӲɳԭ峺˫컨壬۰߰ߵСʧɫ԰ףһ˫޳⻬Եڲϸ΢ĳ鴤ţһϧıл


141 ÷ȣϣ
ôˣã𣿡
ھǰŽĺֱۻס´յʡѾ֪ھˣ׸
ִÿ
ر顣
ã㻹ҪŻҼȻ㿪ƴӽھˣҵҶḺ𵽵׵ġ
ھο
ҲڸŻȻ׸϶ôŮˣαҵأֻк⣬ֻѹĻ߶ѡԣ㱧Ů˵ÿ
ھ˵һ䣬һ䣬ÿֶٶȥҲֵҪǰ뿪
ŨǰŤ˵Ǽ̾͵ȼ𡣡ãҳ֮ǰǹǿģѾҵŮˣѲһӣѵղŵһ㲻Ǻ𣿡
ھ˵ͬʱ˫Ħѩ۵ĶסһֻƵСϣƽСȻ΢΢ʹѹٴνӲͦϡ
ҪǸղŵĽòڴȷ֮ʣҲ̱̾ǰİ飺߳չʱ˿ҲֻҪ뵽ԼʧھһӵŮ˵ĻӣԶ޷Ͷͱ
ſңڿ͡£ſң
̲סͺ𣬿ʼ
ĻԼ˳ӵھ֮⣬Ҳ춶ŭ
ھץסһת棬ҸղǳԵʱ㿪ƴϲģҿԸǸΪҳ㰮㣬ΪĶԲ㡭
ӵкܶŮˣǺŷ˱ɫ⵽ʲô˵ģ
ƾܵĽһ𾪵ھ˵ⷬ˵ʲô
ŵ˫ֽճȭЦŵȻѾʧ㣬Ҳ뷳㣬һ뵽ôŮˣ޷ܡ
ƺƽ˵ھͷȵһҵʱͿԽˡ
ƫͷܿĴ˫˵ľƿܣҼȻѾʧ㣬ŮˣһŮ˯һղŵĳ£޷ܣҸ˯ܹȫء
ھֱס˵С졣
˵ϴϷ֫ϵ޷Ҳ޷񣬽Ǿ
ھס򦣬ǿſͷ̽롣
Ŀǻϸʪ죬Ӳ׷סִܵ࣬
ǿǣҵִļֱֻۣܷȴ޷ѡ
޺޵˼ʹ򦣬ݺݵؽ̽еͷҧסͼĴࡣ
Ѫζʱ˵Ĵ֮䣬ھʹϵʹǿӲضݣִоǿƵҪƷϵѪ

ȻȴҲ͸ˣøӼҡ
ķƲסѪҺп޷һԴھ˫һʹͽѹĴϡ
ҪھſҡҲҪ
ھͼֽŲõصֿȴӲ֡
ɲ㲻ҪղѾˣѾҵŮˣûپܾҡ
ڿĲҪܾھвдһ˿ȥִҪȡĽ㲻⣬㾡ܴУҸ㣬вˣôҶ𣿡
ھڽ֮ϣô׳Ĵѹסӣסж޷ӿ
Ҫȥһжʱ˻ᣬþȫ˿Ȼܡ
ھò˵Ļɵͣ˽ŲӲǲҳǵߵš
һʱƿھ˹˵ôˣҵڴ㽻ôҿ̼ˣ
һ㶼ţΪƶˡ
ھвܳȥôʲôطץסһҪĿ֮£Ҳ
ھǽϣȻýŶ˫ȣȵиη䣬ͦȼ仺ͣüӲĻѨĥ
ѨƬĥ仺Ѫͣ࣬ͦ͵и̹ѣãǶۣŪҺ
ھĴǰסǰ飬ĦȴԵ鷿ǰһã
ھĿŵӲҷĵĲԸ⻹ͼֹܡĲҪ㡭ȥŮ˰ɣҪҡء
˵̲סΪ˿ڣŷԼ˵Щʲôû뵽ԼȻ뽫õԼ֮ƵŮ˻
ϵŮ˵ĴȥĽ΢ƽϢŭٶȴھԭΪôԸ
㲻ҪѾ˺öˮ˵ҪСȴ׼ҪҲˡ
ھ̲סȻķӦ
ҡͷŤͼӼ估ǰ뿪ء
ӵĿ񻶰ʱھǣŤֱӼǿͳҵӷڡ
ھץĴסϸһʹͽŤ̶סˡ
ͦôֳѨǰһŪͨմȾʪ֭ҺȻѹβ
ȵǰĥŪһѰȼİڣãȻҸ㿪ƴˣⱲ㶼ҵģҪҪǵΪſȡ
ھһ˵꣬һͦǰһֳǰ˾ͼѨʪˮ꣬˳ŽĻҺſĽխӲ˶ûڡ
š
ոڻʹִеĻѨŴЩʹ֮⣬ǿҵĿҲͬʱϮ˽зȺʹȴָܵе
ã벻ҵġԶ벻ҡ
űѨĳ⣬ھš
ءҪ
Ĳʣýвͣ飬Ļ䣬ȴìܵ뿹ܡ
ڽڳ͵ͣ͸ˮǷĶʪ⣬Ӧʾ޷鼰
ԹͬʱҲسĻС
ú˿ļǰ֮ʱɶˣھһδεײѵķ˿ȫɢ£Žİڶǰѩ׵ĺԾζ
ȻղڽȷʵᵽĻ죬ȴȫоʱ˿̻ûȫĴų⡣
ȻھзӦҲܵϵĿУȴȫѨҲѪ촽вסݳĵֿٶ޷ӵ
ҵţŤһֻƾƽ̹ʵĸ£Ӳֹκͣǿ͵
ššҪҲҪ㡭
ҲĸŵѨеĳͣӲ˶ֻǰ治һĳܲѨУĲΪֱ۵ƾܶ޷ڡ
ھ뽫ֳȴ»֮£Խǰ벿
ת˫´̼вλץ鷿ͷ껨ѨǰͻԲۻˣԲġ
ھ§סǰֱ𣬺޼϶طǰӨˮյֱͦȴֻǵַȼ䣬ʱŽѨУܲٿ׽
ֵھĽΪղſƴδãվˣ֮Ҳǣν
ֻҪھ֣Ҳ޿κΣٲġٲ⡢ѹ
¡ŵÿƴ֮ˣ뿪ھҲֻⱲעҪڶŮ÷ˣ
ϾԼԼھΪӢİ۰ԼԺӰҵҲһ¥ת䣬ЩʼղԵʵ
ڱھٶʱֹסӯӯˮ÷㣬಻ش


142 ÷ȣϣ
ھϷűڴϣȴڴĽ޳˶Ŀģ۵òˣȫ˽ռҲΪ̫ںԼĴԲŻᷴ׽
ھ˳⣬ǿĽ˸¼ڳ۳Ҷδ֮⣬ȡǲɸıҲ޷صʵһսҲǵýܣȴֻǶΪĥԼѡ
վھúܱһ
ʱԼȻһܹɫͼĵطԼڴϣ󾪣
һռ䣬ȻҲϲܱҺãҾ㣡
ھ˼һ󣬲˽еִӴ༸һֻĪԼĺУ֮˴򿪾СɵУһŨʹɢ
ŨʱڷڣȻҲǵıǼ䣬ǲ˿ǹθ
ڵĽҲֹסˮգ۶شھϵС
ʲô
ԴʵȻ𣬲ھϲԼҲһ
ƴ֮ͲֲҲú˵һ仰Ը⿪ںúõ˵Ϊòı֡
仰Ȼƽ棬ֻһʾ䣬Ҳ㹻ھ˵ˡ
Ҳûϵһ뻹ڰеؿһ̾׵رתעе˵ڣһôǰԴ
Ϊʲôת䣬ھ˵ǺõķӦϻش𣬡Ϊ׼ȤƷ
ھӺָʳָմһɫ״¶ϣָϵսĴߣպ˵ſ졭
սڱǵζŨǹ㣬Ծյſٵ˫ָϵĻ¶ͽĿС
ͷھָͷɢܻڿǻڣȻĽҺºС
δô˱ֲڵָһ˳ĺθ

ʳָʱھ簴಻סĿһץסѩ׻ࡣ
˫շ𵭵ĺΣھ֪ι¶ѾʼˣĿн򺬵ʪָгٶȴӷߵĺȡЩ
ó𣿡
ھץŽ鷿ͣմ̵ָͦķۺͷ
ţ𡭡
ȻȫȲѣҲе̲סڴĥ䣬ڱšŵ鷿ɦܣҲšǵʲô
δĽΪʣʴӵСץסϵ
Զ̬Լ֪ĻھЦǸɬδµŮõģڳҹ̫ܵʹĴࡣ
֮պ˵ãǲǲϸоӦŶ԰ɣ
ֶ˵˾ǴҩȴǴҩ߼һ֣ǺŰڷڹ޷ĶҪҪãԱˡ
ҪΪھΪٸ飬ǲмõģ
˵ͬʱھȻڽϣȴתûбץסĴƲĴȣȻմһĨ۵켰ǰ˵Сϡ
ýŤʱ¶ͽϵĻѨУָ£ȵմȾڵϡ
˫鷢ǣԼִšҡȾҡ
ھָĳ£Ѩͣ߳ʪİҺ
Žİ󣬿ǰ񻡢ѩ壬ھһֱδ˵ͣǰ͸ҺʾѿҪ̲סѨеˡ
Ϊ˼ԭʼҲھִסѨеָ
ȻڽŻУָϼմȾĲ߳ҺȫĨַµĴֳϡ
һԼ鷿пǰˮĿǻзڳҺÿšҪ㡭㡭
ſ˫֣زĽʵȣߴĻѨ
ãٵȻҪһ
ỬСһĴȣ˿ĸԵһ¡
ã£ס
ھŽֻץ𣬽Ǵ˶࣬ʾƴཫ£ѹ
ѩ鷿γɽܸʵĻ̬ʱھŲԲ˶ǰ˴ϸͦ٣ĺ߽У˶ִڽ۵ѩг
šá
ǿҵĿ缤Ϯ
ھβٵǰڶְѹڽֱϣִ鷿ǲϼѹͣ
Ҫ㡭
մŻʪҺڽĦĳѩ׵ĥһƬӣ졣еļôĥŪǹĿ
ֱֱڽǰද͵ؽȲһĥŪͼοѨеĿ鼰ɦȴֻͽĥŪӨʪ⣬һҲܰοԼֻ뵽ǴֳȫȻԼڣߵûȣ֪Ǻãӳűַʱ֣鶯
ڽÿҪ޳ʱھȻסС֣м伷ѹΣáá
ڽ˫ǳ졢ͷԲͻʱһΣȵһ

ھĿУ͵ԿٵƵʼ¶
ǰ˹ͷӲ˶ͺ˲伤ŨİɫҺ⡢ԼĴŪõһƬ
⽫մȾڴǵİ׽УƷļҺҲ޷ֿȫճ
ƿھץֱϵĴƣԳڸ֮߳У׳ƵԼ󵹵ƿ
Ҫ㡭
˫ȴŵعϣСס˵
ŲԼСƨɣͣŰҺѨڶ׼Щ΢׽ˡ
ע֮£гӣȻӲͦȫڣšŰ
תݺĽʱڷڣĻĽжţа
û뵽Լѹϣֻһ졣˵ھˣԸھҲŹԼȴ̣ѲԼʧ֮ıշԣ㲻߳ܵﶼ˿ڣȲϸխӦĴִ󣬾ѾʼŪԴ˿̵˵Щ΢ĴʹʹĪĿС
ھԸе̬Լ˵ĻӼӲͣȫȫĻѨſسʵ塣
ѨзʪҺ㻬ˮգھץס鷿ͻָͷþȫ졢˲ߢݮԣãҡ
ھŽĶͦǿĽխβײ
˶Ӳĳһ޷ݵѪ֮УĿͬʱоխĹȽסݷһ㣬˵ĳֱ͸ţζ䲻ͷһˣһȴھһϧԼ̢ŵŮ
áššԸȵСѨС
ھסشĻڿܡ
ҿˡ
岻ĦĲλɢ˷ܵؽֺͷ
߸ϸ߰˵ŤתڶԲβͣŪ
ֻСָڲԾУظϻѪ۵ָӡڸͻͷʱָָҲĶɦС
ָ״ʹھ͵ѨвͣײˡͿˣáԡҿ챻Ūˡ
ھߴͬʱѨĥŪ͵ԵظܵڵĽ
ѨǿҵŪ֪ܽס³;Ҫﵽ߳ˡңáһ¡Ű̫ˣ
ھץ˫Ĵƣ§סطѹ׳˶֮¡ĹȱĽȡʪĹȵĥҲý֪Ѳֻ̱ڴΪΪŤ΢ȴǿܻ򱯰ǽĹƣԼķûо룬ȴԽŵֱ׹ݵĸоý֪黳ܵеޱȤ
ֵܵĴ̼ӣƹʱּȿֵζƻصϣұǰһθǿҡӳ׵ռ֮ҲɳԾ
ѹ˱Ūĳ嶯ھϴţڽа࣬ƫƫŮķӦȴ۽ϵԲ᲻֪
Ϣţ̲סӴ΢µп֣ϴĴֵ̼ĳɷȴǴ࣬ûǣڽ֯ϸµĽϳ۳ŪýסϢƲУķӦ֡
ھֻ񱩵ҰްѨҳͣˣáҪ·ˡнң
Ȼ£ȫһŻŴﵽˡ

ڽеͬʱĻѨͻȻӿȻҺ
ѨнŪܲסڽİΧԼǲҺĽʵͬʱҲ˳ĵͺ𡣡áš
䲻ϷھѹϣβȼſٵСȵĳ͡
šš
۸ĿС
һɹɵİ׽Ӽ¶ѵǰˣȫۡĻѨ
ԴˣڹģھŮˡ


143 ưɾ
𣿡
š
ؿھظؼ˵˼Ҳˡһν㡭˼úܡ
Ǻǡ
ھЦҵŮˣǩԼҵĹ˾òã
šõġ˼ҾŮˡһӺһ𡭡
Цţھ§һ𡭡
ҹʱ򣬺ͽһȵھųʻŦԼĽͷȥưɺúԼΪһôһƬɭֵˣ
ŦԼĽģĻ־ŦԼԵģҲá
ŦԼʮҹ꣬ھǵһҹꡣۡ½ҹھһ޴ı¶ȥһСĸ߼ưɣű¶³ŷŮű¶赸̨Ըеǵ裬ŮɡءֻڿŮھưɵУΪԼѰܹ׬Ǯˡ
Ȼ󲿷ֵΥģʱõŷ磬ֹֽķɸǷֽһţֻҪǮŮ˶Ϊ㳼Ŀ£
ھһŲ̋ϣһԼԸеŮ˹ȻڻˣкܶƲ𣬵ھλ󣬷ŮҲҵŮĵھߣھ˳§סŮ
ʵҪʲôƣ
ھǺһЦ˵ʲôƣ
һ㶣˵кܶߵľƣǮڡ
ʵľƣ
ھŮɵ⸧Ůɶھ˧ĶټϿŻ󣬸ϵһǮ³ԳЦţ˿Ҳ⡣
Ƿԥһ£˵ľʿTdfscYuhg׫ģ1930ƣֵһƿ𣡡
ǧңһ˵֣
ŶǺðɣƿȳ
ھ⣬΢Ц
ƿ
ŮɶǴһ
ȷ
ҶǺھòǮ
ھٺһЦ˵ſȥˢһ㹻ˣ
˵ţͳһſݸ
һſʱϳˣʿеĻƽ𿨣֪ǰ˾Ǹ򵥵¸Ͻȥ졣
ŮۼھȻһӾó𣬵ʱ۾֪ǰλ־ǸɫҪܰǾԺԴ¶ڡ
ھ־ưɵŮûɶȤ񫻹ǿԵġ
һƱѾˮͿھھԼŮһ
ˣʶ̧٣
ȻԶһŭȴžһŮ˵Ľк˰
ھһԱ߿ȥȴһ̨ǰĺܻΧУмǸǸͷʱһ𷢱ۡŮдá
Ǹÿֻʮ꣬ǸδŮ־ưһ㶼к̨δŮҲǸŮȴһԸ欵òھ˲ͱŮסˡ
ʱǸͷҪƣǸŮһ⡭
ŮѣܲȣھһƿŮǰץסǸͷ֡
ǸͷһһȻǸˣ̴ŭе˭ץסң
ھЦһһȭǸͷһѴɳϡ

ǹͷһͬվ¶׹Ŀھ
˵ȻҴңȻҴңǼҴ
Ǹͷˡ
ǻûǼ˶֣ھѾ˼֣Ǽµʱεɳϡ

˶ôˣҶûھôǼ˸̵ġ
ھЦһǸãСãңղŰôˣ
СüھסھҸ;ơҶֶţҲӣԡԡ
ھ¶һ˿⣬תͷǸͷ˵ϻģ
ģˣ֪˭
û˵꣬ھѾһȭ˵۾ϡ
ֻ֪ϵģַϻ
ھ˵
ѽ쵰
ͷ˵ݻϽ˵¸㣬ҰְŦԼֵ֯ͷĿңҪǡ
ͷִһΪھѾһŽ߷ڵء
ֵܺˣ˶࣬ҲɱˣҲ¸㣬ҾѶ˾ھֵģǸֵϰҰɣ
ھЦ
ȻھסǸã˵
˵ţǸת˳ȥ
ֵȷǷǳ֯Լڸ⼸£ھѾ齨ԼԺ˵˼άԲĸ߼Ա峤ѾھǶھ˵ܣҲ磬ξһνĺֵ


144 𡱰ޱϣ
ھǸó˾ưɣǸȻû׼еʲôſңҪȥĶ
ھǸŮ˳ȻԼڼʻϯϣȻ̿ӡ
ҪȥĶ
Ǹúܺ£ղűϾھҲûеֿųӣܿһû˵
ھϸǸŮȻ֣Ů˲뵽һŮһǰŷŮǣ
ھʵСãܸʲô𣿡
ҽаޱάᣡ
Ǹ˵
ҿǰޱ
ھһ˵Ǽôˣ
ô֪
ޱһҲûʲôˣû뵽ھȻ֪
ǼôˣôᵽУôھưŮд
ھӳԾ
ޱ⻰ۿһ죬ͷȥ˵ҡǼǰǡҰְʧܣǷһǮԡԡֻó򹤡
ԭˡ
ھһЦ˵ǼǷ˶Ǯܸ𣿡
šԪɡ
ޱͷ
Ԫ൱ʮңȷǸС֡
ھ̾˿˵ޱԪҸ˵ھưɸһӣԪҲܱ׬
֪Ѿû취ˡ
ޱ˵ۿˡ
ھٺһЦ˵ϴӦһҾ͸㿴ô
㣿
ޱһھһš
Ȼ
ھٺһЦ˵˵С˼Ӧһ
ʲô
ޱϽʵ
ھ΢ЦҵŮˣ
ʲô
ޱһһ죬˵ôԣ
ûʲôԵġ
ھ΢Цһ֧Ʊˢˢˢдһ֣Űޱ˻Σ˵ӦңںҾͰ㣬ڰ
ޱɫ԰ףǴŮ¡
Ů˿ţǲ¡
ԡȥƵꡭ𣿡
ޱ˵

ھϲ˿ûȶأźҰɣӦö
ޱ̲סʲô취أ
ֽ˿ڿ㣬˸߸ߵ¡չڰޱǰҪ
ޱţı
ھʱҲ͵ļޣԼ֣խĳｫʵϥǴȻڿһ¶Լ˵
ھޱԼһ㣬еζڰޱıǶˡ͡
ھ΢Ц
Ů˵ӣεſЩھѾ̲סһޱֿһٹռŮʪȵĿǻ
ţҪ⺬ţͷĺݡء
ھקŰޱ㷢ͷϵǻ֮ԭеĿܺؼޱʼʶԼףŪھļ͡
ͷỮۣھһսһʱӿһӲǽԼҲȥµŮڽļȻ죬ഺĴףһϮԸе·ȴھ޵롣
һֻ۵֣طסھޱ³˹ͷͷٵĻȻ󣬽ѵУһֱסͣͣŪ
ˬáСǰ˿ڽ
ھһŰޱĿڽһ
ûСޱߺھ˶ӲѾഺʢ
ҵ䣬ΪԼĸĸףޱѾѡ񣬹ԹԵȡˣΨһϣӣСĵĽھĹͷٶȺ̴֮УȻİڶףġ롣
ھ֮Զǳ˿ɱȣܿĹͷѾޱĺڣޱءطһܵİھ˿Ҳϧ͵һͬʱֽޱͷһѹͷ˰ޱʺһƬδĴŮء
ءءޱʱҵزͣڶͷܣ߳ܣʹֵĸо֯һԼҲ˵һô顣


145 𡱰ޱ£
ŮĿڽഺȴȱ˵سζһھеΪˬ͵һޱµλƵ㡣ĿռƵ÷ǳ͵ķ󷽱ھĶ
ھȽޱͷȻһ˸ʻߡޱԴһ˿֣̿ؿھھһЦֽޱ׵ĳȹ¶һۺɫСС׿㣬ڵĵطԼеˮ
ھͷ̽ޱڿ֮ϣһŮеҷȻǴʱھȴ档һޱƨһ̧㽫ǷССĵ׿
ءʶ˵ǰѾ׼ޱ̲סٶᡣ
ޱãҵ滹ǺܺóԵģ𣿡
ھЦ˵ͬʱ˿Ҳͣ٣ޱǰ΢һһ㶥ŮѨ֮УһѳĴŮĤ
ءۡҪۡγȥҪޱҡԳһߢģŮھȻ֪ޱַӳǹ̬ƽһα˶룬ǴŮҲѹְޱʹࡣ
ھȴ˿ҲûзŹޱ˼ŮУø룬ֱﰬޱӹڴҿʼתĦޱе⣬Ĵ̼
ޱȻڳǾܱǿ޷ĨȥŮʵķӦȴ޷⣬ھ󼦰͵ĳŸ֮£ޱСѨܲס˼İҺ̼ھ߿
Ӧ
ھ˫һ죬ޱİȹǰھ֣ЦԼɣ˶ѵɡ
ھ֣ڰޱϡȴ˿ҲɣŰޱԴѨ
ʱޱѨѾȹʱĲӦڣѨȻڳˮʹھĳ齥˳˶Ŀռݰޱġ
ҪҪô㡭
в֪˵ԼҲĻޱھ˶Լֽ⿪ɣҪˬˬʹ
ھԼ˳Űޱ˵
šء
Уޱַ쵽Ϸ֮УҪнֽ⿪Ǵʱ˱ھεѹλϣܹõ󣿷İޱؿھ
ھһЦԱߵĳһƣӰޱѨг˳Ȼ³ȥ
ޱ֮Ҳ˳ʱɫȻȫڣԶеҹʤաһ紵Ÿոձ˲İޱ˸սʱشӱ§סޱ
˵촽Ķ˱ţֻ׳ֽرסһ˵ůޱذΧ
ھ͵ؽޱת˹˫ͷ촽ȥޱٲʱѾ֪ãֻܷȻķӦ࣬ӭ˼ǡ
˵ܿͱ˳㣬ޱϵ·Ҳ˵ĳŪµ˵ϣޱԾؽֳȥ˺ܿȫĳԡ
ֱһɣޱӷת˹ȥھһѹѹɢĳǰϡ
ޱһҳΪΨһˣ
ھ˵ͬʱһ̣ޱȱʹȵŵصΡһޱѨٶȱ¶ھǰھһͣٶռ˰ޱѨ
Ӵء
İޱԳ׷ſԼ˫ֳϣھ͵ƵʶƵƵڶţ﷢ź
˵Ķǳ֮ң£ҹϬȴ˿Ҳо䡣ޱĺƤ¹Ե쳣ջھһͦһ߸ȥ쵽ޱǰС˫飬ͬʱͷڰޱϲͣζʳŰޱϵĺ顣
ޱ㺹ִζĸоʹھľܵ˼ĳԽԽ١ޱ˾Ҳʱȫŷ˳ʹ˶˸߳ľ磡
ڰޱУھڣһɾҺسŮӹޱѨҲ緢ţҹɫ֮Уҵؾһ𡭡


146 ׼
ޱھ˯֮󣬾Ͱ֧ƱȻ˼ңǩԼԼĹ˾ھȻܸˡ
ڶϣھһ㣬棬һˣǱˣǸͷ
ѾھץˣھǾԲκǱв˴ڵģָխҪϣǸĺ󻼣ԡȥĸĸҲ붼ɱˡ
ʱѾˣѪȾ˸ǿǽߣҪ˫۾ţھǲһˡ
ھûκͬģ߹ȥǰ£ھһᣬʵ֪˭𣿡
֪Ѷšϰ塭
Ȼ˲ˣôˣھòҲ֪չ˴ġ
֪˭ͺãסˣס֪ǵʲôˣҲȥʱ֪˭ȥġ
ھ˵
ˣǸͷˡɲɵӣھĻ˵ˣȻ֪ھҪɱˡ
󡭡󡭡
Ҳˣҵûһ³ģҲ⣬ҵŮˣҾͻ㸶ʮĴۣУڲɱģҪȵ㸸ĸٰһһȥи顣
˵꣬ھҲվת뿪˷䡣
ھʱһ˹ھ£ŵǰ˵ֵǱѾյϢˣ֪ǸɵģѾ绰ϣǷӣ
ھЦһ˵ô˵
̸ҲӦˣ˵͹
ŵʵ˵һֽ֮˵⣬ֵŦԼŵһͷĿнܿ˵ģҲǸµһźҲ֪£ҲҴ绰ģ˼Һ
ıλ
ھһ䡣
š
Ǻǡ
ھǺֱЦ֮űһ仰ԽԽ˼ˡ
˭˵ǡ
ھ˵ŵɫ˺ܶ࣬һЦ˵
ǰ˼
ھܿ죬ھˣ˵ŵǸܿ˴绰ɣ͸һ׼ʱ䣬ҪϺֵŦԼͷĿ͸סֵڲǵİ֣һᰲȥġ
ıλٺò飬ϾֵǺģܰΣսǿԵġ
ţ͸绰
ŵ˵
ھŵ֪ģҪɱһ˶ھ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ھȻ˰ˣŵҲ˵ʲôϾھԸģԲ׸ıġ
ŵһߴ绰ֹһ֮Ҷϵ绰صھߣ˵ˡ
ھӦһ˵ŵڸʦ绰˵Ҫţ̡
õġ
ŵҲо֣ʱھȻҪѶʦҪùٷĳ°ɣ
ǵŵʣעǵòھĽģҪ֪𰸻õȵʦ֪ܵ
ھɲһعص˰οԷкڰıھǽˡõŵ벻׵ǣھȻҪѶŵʦõŵҲ벻͸
ҲھϾʦǴϷͥھҪŵʦ뷽ΪˣŵȻھҪ߹ٷĳˡ
ھҪ߹ٷ
𰸺ԣھɲһкڵ߹ٷ֮ԽѶʦȫΪ׼ġ
ھѾˣͼλͷĸĸȻҪ˼ҵĸĸھȻҪ׼ˣ˵һŹɷתúͬھҪ顣
ڰޱŮ˵һ̿ʼھѾдˣѶҪҵιͷĸףмʮԪĲҵνлҪ׬
ǵģʼգھûдŹǸͷûдŹĸĸҲǸνĺֵ
նݲ紵ھ֪仰ڣǸͷھǲŹģ˭ԼŮأȻŹǸͷôıĿɽҲҪһһγ
γûйϵˣĸĲҵνأҪһֽͬˣھɲϣһȥȴֵԱ
ǣĸĲҵȻҪھˣǰȥĵֵۡ
ѶŵϯʦܿưˣҼھھҲûпֱӸ´һƶһݹɼתúͬںͬ漰ݣھҲһԣĶ
ԵþʾˣھһֻһıĵһݹǸͷĸҵ鱨дϸϸģûһ˿©
ƣճܷ飬ھûһͰҪõݶ˳ѯ˼ϯʦֱַ֮ӷ͹ȥˡ
ʮƺúͬ־й֤ĺͬпЧõĺͬ
ھӸ£һչϰǸ߸ϵķɣһ顣
õģ³
ţȥæɡ
˵ţھ˻֡
ڶ峿ھͬ𴲣֮ʱĹ£ȥһ£ȻŻ֮ͣǵȴżŵϯʦ͹ͬ
ʱܿ죬ʮӵʱѶŵϯʦͰѺͬ͹ˣھĿһΣûзʲô׵ģʾһûˣʦȥԼǽеŵһҰĲ
ǸĲ˵ھˣڽ죬ӴκοˣֻӴھָˣԱǷżһ죬ֻӴԡ
ھϵŵĴ绰ʹˣھ˵ѾӵˣϾλøھҲûж˵ֻǼ򵥵ӦһȻԼ˵ͷͷһйĴʾһ¡
ھ˺ܶౣڣǸ˵˸ȫװѼһﶼˣͻ¼
е˶ھߣǲеģǣھʾ£ŵ´ˣһӣڱڱˡ
ܿ죬ŵӵ˸ϹˣʱھǼλͷĸĸˣھȻƬϿܶˣǼˣǾе㲻
벻ҽ˰ɣλӦ֪˭˰ɣ
ھһǹͷĸĸһۣ˵
ߣҶأ
λСĸƺھݣŵ˵ҪҶһëҪһ˺ѶŻҷ𡣡
ţǳ֮ţһвھڻϽһԵĵŵҡҡͷﰵ룺ţBģûмôţBġ
ͬʱŵҲλŵĸ״˵һ䣺磬ܵʵǲ𰡣
ŵ֪ʱǱ𿪿Ϊá
丸Ӱ
ھҡҡͷƤգһ£ûͷûԵ˵һ䣬󣬻Ӵ˵첻һëҪȫҼѶŻҷ𣬶ӵңҪȫһҷţУ˳һ磬Ҳϴ󣡡
䣬ˢˢһӾͱˡ


147 ɱȫ
ھ֮ʱһӱýˣǹֱͳɫɳĮ֮ӥǣٽžķӰǵķ򸾺ʹĸͨͨΧҲǹš
⻹꣬Χ֮󻹲ݣǹĸ˸ıڵ£ѪˣѪ֮һҪ˵жֲжôĿֲ
Ծ𾪣к¡
дǷ򸾵ϣ벻ףΪʲô֮ˣΪʲôھ˵־Ͷأһ־ɱĸڣһ㷴Ӧʱ䶼ûС
ǵģǺˣһ̣ǵһᵽԭ֮˫һ޷ɫǰŶʮᡣ
ͬʱҲʶԼ̫ԴˣΪŦԼû˸ҶԼ
žȫžֻǴ˭ҲûпڣǶŵķûпڣھҲûпڣǣھȻûпڣȴϹЦ۾һգգĶԷ򸾡
ھȻû˵ȴֿˣҪĽöԷţھſֱһ㣬÷ôȥ˵һЩ޹ؽҪ⡣
ʵ֤ھֱӣӹİóƶõĺͬŵķǰһӣǱ֣ǩˡԣǩˣھƺϧ𣬲˵Ļ˵ͬݶÿڣ߶ʮһöԷѺͬǩˡ
Եھ֮Ե
ɰԵҲûе˭ʵǿأССһڰͷͷ޷ھķۣھҪŪǣһֻϻҪ򵥡
ŵķȻ֪ǰʲôˣò˫СͬţĿͬݡ
ǣҪһĶˣΪģΪľںͬעͷŵĹ˾ɷȫȨøھ
ǿǼֵʮԪĶͬʱҲǷѪɾһֻֽͬҪǩԼĴôԭǵĶͻ᲻ˡ
ڱĳϣǻֱӰѺͬ˺飬Ȼھϣ˵һ䡮ΡȻȴ᲻ǸΪǲĸ˸ıһѪ֮С
ЩϾһӵѪóеĲ᲻ԶȻƱ˰֪ҪǲǩԼĴô޷ϡ
ҪĻǵС͵һھʱھȴûһ˿ҪǮչǳֹɵ˼ԣھҪѵ͡
ܸӣ˿Է򸾵дպܸӣо֣ҲΡ
żȥɡ
ھ˵һ䡣
ھƺкǿħһŵķ¿ˣһǸӳԾˣΪںͬϻעȻǵĳֹתá
ֻǴ˳ֹɱһĳֹɣЩֹչһЩ˾ģܼûж֪ǵҲ֪ƫƫھ֪ˡ
ھǿǿϵģʱҲ֪ԼˣС֮ˡ
ǰΪܵĶھǰȴǹˣ֪ǵ𾪳̶жôĸߡڲü죬һֳٶȫǱ䣬һС
ԹޣԹھô
ѾˣھҪǵĲƲҪǲǩԣǾǴĸһȥ񡣶ҪǩˣҲһ
ȻˣԹھֻǷˣѹͲұ¶ͬʱҲһȵӾȳٰȫķؼңôһҪɱɵھ
Ȼھǿ͸ǵ뷨˵ŻȥͿԶúֵɱԸң˿̵ĺֵѾˡ
ھ֮Ի˵ϢȫΪ˳Ĩŵķһϣ֪Ѿѱˡ
Ҫǩԣǩ֮ǰһҵĶӣȻҪܴӦңǩ֮Ź뿪
ԭŸ״˿ѾһǿͨˣϿҵ˵
ǵĶû⡣
ھ˵ͷ֮˻Ӵ֣ʾһ£֮Ž˵ڷ뿪ҲԴӦֻҪںͬǩԼĴҿԷ뿪
ھһνӣֿˣǳЦЦôɣ鶼ֵˣھܷŹһɣھǺˣǿʵǿĺ֮˰ټеѪ͸߰Ը񣬸һвһ£ƾһ㣬ھɱԷԾ󻼵ˡ
лл
ӱòˣòа˭ھʵǿأ벻ͷС
ৡৡ£ǩȥˣֻͬصھ
ǩھﲻɵָ˵ֵֽĺͬĵ˵ͷòĻһ䣺ллĴȣǺǡ
ѵھӦøлǿʮԪ˵˾ˣΪһھ˵һллƺݰ
ȻڳЦ֮ھһӣ³֣֡
㡭㡭㲻˵뿪𣿡
кߣǿһھʡ
ǵõھĻشȴġǷŹ㰡㿴Ҳûжֻ֣ǷŹˣûж֣ɲ˲ᶯְôôˣҽҪӦúúöһС
УУģһǿȥž۵ģΪ´նݳġ
ھ󻹲Ƕ˵һ䡣
Ҹƴˡ
ǣеĻ䣬ǹˣҪͬһʱģҪǲעǹġ
ʬڲĴϣüͷѪѪӵü֮ϵġ

ھ̾һ˵ǧ˶УΪʲôôһǮôһʵأŶãܳ꣬һսˣɱɱ


148 .ɪޱ
˹ͷһ֮ھӵһ绰ǰޱġ
ھ𣿡
ޱ˹ҰŷӣҪңԹ𣿡
ھǺһЦ˵û⣬һģҪ
ҲûʲôֻҪһˡ
ޱЦ
ãҵծ𣿡
ţˣлл㣬ھ
ûʲôҸġ
ΪҵǷծߣޱסĹѾԲʲôߵԢȻҲʲôܰСݣһƲϹԢ
ϵĹԢ˵Ѿһٶʷдūʱ򣬾Ѿ޲ޣȻܼסˣνǸ漣
ھӵʱػɣޱŮסϰ
סϰ𣿡
ھʵ
ûɶϰߵġ
ޱЦûǮҲֻˡ
ǺǣԺҲܿġ
ھõķ§סޱĺ촽

ޱһС

ȻһεεھͰޱһתͷһֻſվһŮˣʮͣһޱǰһ˫ɫϡʯͦı촽ճһˡ
ھôˣŮ̫Ưˣѩۣǰ͹̣ò˿ڰޱͽֱ
ѽݣôˣ
ޱߵһھĻ
Ǹݡκ죬ʱŶˣ˵㡭ǡ
ҡҿԽ͵ġ
ھٺһЦ˵ŮС㣬ǰޱѣ㶮á
Ŷ֪ǲýͣҶ
Ůգգ
ˣޱǡ
ھʵ
ŶķŵŮ
ޱϽ˵
ãҽа.ɪޱ
ЩؿӢĶ΢Ц
.ɪޱ
ھһϸһⲻǰǸŮǰ.ɪޱ
19821112ճŦԼݲ³֣ӰŮԱ
ݡɪޱŦԼ³֣Breuckelenɳݡ
Ӣĺɯʿǵͬĸ׽ʦĸ׿ء(Kate McCauley)ǸּԱһʳߣСкӰĸԡ
̵ģСʱΪŮʮʱ֪ĸЪһͬ˷Ů롣
ʱУ԰̨İ׷ӾԺĥԼݼùһΡǽýרűбݲܵУѧݡɪޱŦԼݲѧԺӢģ޸Ůо뵱һλѧڻѧҡ2005ŦԼѧͶ
1999꣬17İݡɪޱڵĵӾ硶γ桷гε̨ɭܸþһ㱻ȴҽΪѱݽ
벻ھȻݣɫϲ
ԭǰС㡭
ھ΢Цʲôģǰң
Բ𡭡
һ죬˵Ϊ˵ޱҪңԡҪǷķ⡭ΪҪƣԾա
Ŷԭ¶С飡
ھǺһЦӻͳһݸݣ˵𣿡
⡭Ҫô࡭Ҫˡ
һϽ˵
û¶Űɡ
ھǮϣЦǻټġ
ݿӢھˡ
ޱҲûж٣Ǽ׻ϴ·һЩԼСھ׵ؾͶϳˡ
ڳϣޱھ˵ھǲǿϰˣ
ŶԼã
ھһЦʵ
ߣһͿˣ㿴Ǹ񣬾ͺ޲ð˼ȥ
ޱƲƲ죬˵Ҹ˵Ҳһ𣬵ɲң֪𣿡
ǵȻôǸı֮أ˵ģ
ھǺЦ
ݼҵǳĲʦĸĸּԱĸ׽²ǱˣѶʦ
Ǵˮһ˲ʶһˣھǺܿ˽¡
£á
ھλʦǺЦ
ãʲô¶𣿡
¹ʵ֪λж£Լܵ
ھǺһЦ˵ʦм£ҼŮݣϣǩԼҵѶ֣㿴Σ
ʲô
³һ˵ݣ
ھǺЦǰС߹ȦܹģϣǩԼҵĹ˾
û
ȻϣԼŮܹھϹϵԼҵаǸĹңԣҪʰݵͬ⣬Ҳԡ
ţҶҶ
ھЦģֻҪǩԼҵĹ˾ҾԲġ


149 ǿxxoo.ɪޱϣ
ڶ죬´Űھİ칫ҡ
ݼھʱһ˵㣿Ѷϰ壿
ǰҾھСá
ھЦվ˵£ǲǰѾˣǩԼҵĹ˾
ţǰ
Цݣ˵ɡ
ţ
ݵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵ뵱ԱҸҲ˵Ĺ˾ԡԸǩԼĹ˾
ھϲЦǺãǩԼ
£ھȡļڽ¿֮󣬾÷ǳƽǩԼˡ
ǩԼʱ꣬ǩԼһʮ˵ѾǷǳˡ
Ȼ󣬽¾뿪ˣ°ھǩԼ顣
ܣʲôġ
Ҫʣ˭֪ھȴһ§ס˰ݣһѽӵ칫ҵĴϣЦС˶ɣҺΪһɣֻҪθ۽Իȡõȳɼ
һУҪ°ݣǿ黹ʲôҪõݣ
ھʲôŵôʧɫеҪ㲻
ھһݻֲ̿ӣǹǿѹٶȸһ˫ɫ۽Űݵķðݸоգ촭ˣս뿪Ҫվܣȴûĸо֧Ųסһε˵ĻھһҪģһȴͻȻֵԼæ˫һŽ§˻
ݽһһ֮ɬŵ顣
åҪ
㲲ھ˸ͬʱ޵صĲһߡ
ھȵıϢ絽۵ļϣŸӻȵĴǵѩ׽۵ա
ۣ֬ھıǶǰɢ㣬Žѹʵء
ִ͡żͦھƾб֪ݵڷ͡
ȹͨ˴˽һţھѾо̺ķ΢ı仯ССӲĺź춹
ʱܵӴݵ۾¶ãɫͨ죬ԽԽ죬٣ԽԽȡ
ھɢŨҵϢϵĴ̼Űе壬Ů¶įԹҡ
ݸܵھ͵Ļ뽫ƿƺʧȥ˿ƣͬʱݵǣھļѹ£ݵȻӿһ˿ΥĿвУȥԼ̲סģѾǲھӵ˶ãڸھůǿ׳ţǿֱ۽סּϤİĸоʹݽʧȥǺ
ھеԼһɽһʱܱĻɽ
ȵļ飬ռеϴ̼ھĴѾڰݷ۵ϡ
ھ˫ֽ§ŰݣʼѰٸĿ֡ظĦŰݹ⻬ĺ󱳺ϸůӵҷˣھõĶҧһ£ʱ޴룬оʼͷŪĶе֮һҪҪܾҪԵ¾ӣټɬ£ѾܵھȻȹƽ̹Сϡ
ݵ·һ㣬ȫʧȥ崿Ͽʼֳı飬䲻ʱƮһ˿΢ŵġ̡ңǡ
͵ھ˫΢죬֣ҲѰ˰Ϣķݺݵȥ

ݾҵڱסɲ·ʩ˶ֻĿھŲȽĿ૵ܡҸˡŹҰɡ
ٺ٣ҵСݣΪһŹ𣿹òôһ崿ŮһҲȲȥˣھҪõ㣡㺰ǺƺҲû˻㡭
ᴽʪһĵƮھıǼ⣬ݷͻȻܵھȻʼҧ˱Ķ̻飬ȴƿھ˵ҲŤͷȴͷ˱ܶһ˿Ŀд
ھͷŰݽ߰񾱣գɫָĦķΣھⲻĶͨ͸ӨĶ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸйʶ
ھϮȻڼǹʪۣŰĳ࣬С༡˱СԪĶشݵͷʵĸоеµͣײţʹεͣȴǵסкڱŷ
ȻھĺƯݵĶʣߺ˿ȵϢ͸ݡֱ˽ȥڶ޵ļ˿ĸоĵϰͷ
ھŰݵĶ˵۾ͷȥۡ΢ĿͻȻоھ촽ʪĺ촽ϣھȵ˫ݸоԼʱһֿ˫ʱ˿ֿ˫ƵһʱݿоȻڳҺھͻȻ촽ʪ˫ִͷ˰ݵСڡ
ݴûܹǣܹʪǣ˷ǣǿҵǣѸ͵ǣ˵ǣᵽϤķֽ׳еζͷεģȷ鵴֪ʱƺʧȥ˼ά֪ѱھ˫ߡ
ʲôҲ룬ֻԼȫĵȥܡ٣崿Ͽʼֳı顣촽ʵʱС඼ĿС
ߵգ嶼˷֮Уʧȥ֣һйǣһ˫ҲؽסʧȥһͬʱҲʹ˱Ĵ
ھͷݴӣУҵؽšŴ죬ʹĴͷø淢ô̼ˣҲԼ۵Сӭȥͷƶš
˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㣬ĿͶң㣬á
ھ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼.һ鲻ԽĿͨȫ΢΢Щ
ھոհצϰݷʵأٵؽһץסĴ֣޵૵ҪܡһǡǴŮء
ڵǽΣ㣡
ھҧŰõĶЦõµӵ˳˽ھĻھĬĬ§Űݵϸſʵ֮ŤĦţȹȻܵԵ尡ŵ͸崿Ů㡣
崿Ůݸܵھ촽ǰ䶯ţ鷿ȹȻԸоȵĺ鷿ȻʼͣɫֵôߵظĦķԲΰ꣬ĴϢҲĴ
찡ɫǣķģҲĴ¶ȴļӲ֮ҵһײˬ崿Ͽʼֳı飬ĵ۾΢΢պϣӣС΢΢ſص³һ
ǽꡢĿ֬ļ콿ͻȻܵھǵĻᣬɫ־Ȼȹ͸˿࣬ĦķԲȣҵôߵ֮ĹĹȽ˳ƽԱߵĴϡ
ھѾӰݵķ۱ƵǰŵȹʵѪŵķʵۡ壬ݵزȻǲһգзǳҵԾˡ
Ůʵʮظ˵Ĵ̼ǲɵģοǰǵ崿ŮھֻĵһŻԽԽ˫ֽݸʵԼ״

ٴξҵ̴ܡҪҪҡҵˡ㰡
˿̵İݷ糺죬崿ϸֳı飬ɿɢϺõĳһɳϣʱݵдŴ⣬ˡ
ھ˰ݵſɫȹǶԷͦ鷿ֻ׸ԾСۺɫͷ֬ķɫӳ£͸Ե÷ھ˫Ůְֺ޵˫֣˰ݵŮ壬ػƣɽãŽһյС
ھɫѾǰʥŮ壬һֻɫѾʮĽ⿪ȹھаЦн⿪˰ݵȹȹۺɫֱ⿪ʱ崿Ů΢ֻʵѩ׽е˳Ƕ˵̺Ѿ͵ŷ۵Цѣڿɬſݰ˵Ľ飬ǱѰش˳崿Ůʡͷ졢磬زһֱεߣ㹻ʹκɥʧǣݵɢͬҩ˵㣬ֱһɱ˵˴ݲе
Ľ顭
ھĿҰ޵Ĺâ»ɽ֮צ˹ȥס˰ݵʥ飬ͣĴ
꼷ѹżͦ۵˫壬ھַֻӯл΢󡢵ʮ㣬в⣺֡
˿Σ϶°ο㣬ǹˣھȴȻᰮŰݻ֬ļÿÿ壬أ࣬򻺻򼱣ۿ˶ǽĿ롭
ۼ鱻ھ󣬲ɵòҽһʹȥ
ھŰ񾱼㣬˵еԣˬݱ
ھղסһ̣ǸеԵĽھ˫ּղסھĿڰݵɨɨȥָסѩ鶥˵ķЦѣ˼£˰ݰβסĽҪ
󣬰ݵĽھԭͦĽ飬ֲڵľ޴ħţھƵĴ࣬ǹھ̰ŰݵĽ飬ͦĽ˿֪ٵΣ֪ħֵչʾԼۺͷӯ
ָͷתܸоŪ⿪ʼ΢΢ھȻռǽ۶ͦĽȥŪȫսӶ𽥵ʧ类ḧָĸо˿˿𡣱ھ³Ū飬ݵĽѱŪñġѾ͵屻ƣٱס޹֤ʵŻ߳ܡ
δ˵裬ݵһ̡Ǵ˿崿ŮֻĬĬؽҧס촽ذͷ£ȻӳԼѩ۵˫飬ھħŤΣƵıģ̬̻һе磬ڰݵȫÿһëը
ѽ
ھ̾ţŰݱʰ۵飬ͷͷֻ۵Ľ麬㻬˼漴˱סˡ
ʹҪҪ
ǿͬ滨꣬ŤŰĽ˺һھ³˰Ӳޱȷۺ˵٣ԳЦһ³ȥİ㡣
Ҫ
ھһֻּŽ飬һֻ־Ȼ˰ݵβھķβ⸧һʱ䣬ݵͷԺֹͣת֪Ϯհ׵ԺУֻ쳣ظֻܵޱȹ̵֣Լη塣ھĽȴֹͣļ󣬳ηŪ£Ⱥޱչʾŷ͵
˫ؼлͻȻоİȫһھһֻаĴԾΣѾرС£ؿţãھ׵س޳ѩ׵Ĵȣָ⻬ƽ̹С̽ʪĻ

Ůӣ﷢˺ĵİھַҪˡ


150 ǿxxoo.ɪޱ£
ھֱåһԼ黹ҪŮеʱھͻȻǰ水˰˽ĵðȫ󱻵һҲǿдʱ㳹ɥʧ˷ʶ
ִָ޹ǵӣխͻȻ͵Ϯ١¸س鴤һ¡ȵָŰĻ崼Ļ¶ʼھҧݵĶѻȵĺݵĶס
٣ָ¶ʾڽխĹĴͿĨÿһºͿĨڰѾҪ߳ϣһḧֱָſָָϮ٣ĥ꣬Ҫưݱ¶صķƬѾ󣬽εĻٲ˵ĵѪˮ籥¶
ݴ˿Ǳҧĳ޿ӱܣ崿ŮƵķ˵ֿھһӺŰݵѩ׵ĲһҲû˿ͣЪִĽ顣
ɢɦŪţð޳һ˫Ƚȥʹļھ֣·ǲھ룬ƺڴߴھȥˮһֱϵʪëҲŪʪھָȥǺԣƬʱƷʷ۵⣬ʪ͸ˡ
мۺ۵С΢΢ķţ͸棬ΣĳëʪѩϡݵɢһȵϢƺеڴǿھӿˡ
Ѿôʪѽ
ھЦţָŮĻһļ˿ҺѱھָŪôģŢһƬھָһİҺסĽҲһ
úóݱİҺòóԣ
ھаЦУȥڰһ󾪽дϢУ˫Ѿסʪ˱

ݾţﾭܹ̣еھĴ˵ŪǿҵĴ̼ѩ׵βסŤУҺȪӿھ˽ھŰѩ׷ΰһ˱ͻȻ̧ס崿ŮӣС죬˼ֻһɻҺԼСھ̧ͷŰǽ޻ݱԼİҺòúȣ
ϸ㣬޳СȣԵĴȣԲΣڶе˵أǸе磬ʮǣ޳ƽĴ֣Сķۣдġ
ԸƯԵԸУھò̾ߵ档ûи飬ûй˼Ů˰ھе̰ȫ˳
㡭޳ܡ
ݽ֮ʵĽ鼱ţڵھȼˣδµ֪롣
ھִӰݼнмＷлЩһ˫޳ȰּеýأȻܼѣǻһ㲻ֹذƼ˰ݴȵ롣
ã¾Щ޳ܡ¡
˵ţھЦŽ⿪Լ·ͷһھĴֳǰӲͦţһŤҪܿھ㿪ԳЦųѩ׹⻬ĴȣͷʪϡһͦĽ˽ȥݽһҧں촽ϣһԡ
ھַŴֳŭڰѨĦ崿ŮѴִǰ˵ͷ崿ŮڣֲŽȥѨ𶯣ѰݵˮôӴһֱʡ
ھѰݵλãϥ΢΢ʹüӲִббϣҿԸоڵλá
ڸоѨڵʱ򣬱ŰݵһֻݡһУھѾ˳ػ˰۶֭ʺѪˮھͣ
Ҫʹ
ݴĽ
ţõģȲһ¾ͻˡ
ھ벻Ǵ֮ΪǿЦģ벻Լ׬ˡھ˵꣬ͣڰݵѨڣӦָо
ݵĴھھѾô
ţˣ㿪ʼɣҪһ㡣
һᣬݸо澹Ȼʼģ̲סҪ
õġ
ھֶŰݵͷѿʼ˶崿Ů˫ֽھĲӡ
ݵ忪ʼ̲סһβļŵţˬİھĽصذڶ
ˮøˣҲеԽԽʲô˱ھһݵץھԽԽ˱ھھĽ࣬ڶʱһȻַɣȻһô˵ı֣ʵĴ̼
ھѰݵ°ѰݲˮſȻ󣬴ӺݵѨһġžһֻû
͵һȫһץҲͳʡ
ھǰŰݵΣʼнһһγ崿Ů壬Ģ״ͷ·һѹ崿Ůˮ˳ѰݵĦѵ
ݵھĽ࿪ʼʼڳӭھʼһһµĴ󴲣۵ζھĽࡣ
ţҿˣͣһͣѽ㣬ҿ˱𶯣㣬ٶһġ
֪˶೤ʱ䣬ھֻ֪ԼĶԽԽ죬ݼѾûٷֻʣµİͼٵش

ݵĴһһεط·һнɵҲ·ʲôھֳִ鴤ʲô˱ţѹţǣţʹھͷĸоԽԽǿҡ
ھ״ȷŻ˶ðݵ΢Ϣһ£Ȼֱ任һƣ崿Ů֣崿Ů˫ַڱȻǰͦţʱ屻ȷϰڿУȻھӺ治ϵع
ݵĽһԼͦʵķǰͦʵѩ壬Ե÷ͦΣԸˣβͦھͣײţֻʱˮ̡̡ڶھСͰݷβžž
ھ޵ĿУʹ崿Ů崿ŮھŪͶȫһѨھŲ˱ھĴͷͻȻˮӿйھ޵泩ݱھ԰ĵ߷塣
ھʶ־Ѿ׵ıˣǾͿʼһĶھӺγԼϣðݽתԼϵ¶׼Լִ¡
ҪˣƲھԽʡΪŮƨзֿĴ棬ҲھϣȫҪ͹ϵĲλŮش󲿷ֶѹһϣҪھϣŮֻĲҲж೤ȫûУԼ䲻ʵأܲԵ
ظܵһǿҵĦĴ̼еС
кͳУȫһڶɢʵʵڵĿУڰȫʱȫس崿Ů壬Ҳ׳˰ݵûھʵܿھִȫʧڰڡ
ȫ밲ݵһھ¶һ˿Цſ˫ۣӺסݵļӵ뻳ھϵĴݶ˵Ľ²Σ߸ش룬Ȼÿһεĳ鶯Ƚϼѣȴ˫˸ǿҵĴ̼
칫սǰңѸ׻磬籩꣬ĳ鶯ھĴִݵԼײÿһھС崿Ůƨɵײᷢġžž밲ڵɳꡪ꣡
ˮ졣
һִڰݱֿ˫ȼ½ϵķǳûһ˿ķ϶ŨܵëƬɵ÷˳Ѫë͸˵ĽϲλմҺ壬ݽӸھ
һʶ֮ԽԽʪ妻һǿĲ롢Уÿһ½롢˳ţŮнʣһɬ
ھԽԽҰس鶯ʧˣݽΪߴſÿһܵġڻҰطֿյĽޱȵ˶ԲĹ̹ͷֱؼСխڣ۵ľ˶ֿڵճĤ⣬شǻİСڡ
˶̵ĻԲͷȻǺŵĽӹӹڣͷ˵۸պõִʥӹϣ໡ŶŶ
һߴĽ䣬ݾסǿҵĴ̼һ󼱴ٵĽ񴭡
˫ȱҷ̶ֿȣ޶ȵӭھļ̽Լİأž޴룬崫мιȥ׳ͦ۵˽شݲ޴һز밲ݵ壬ʪھˬˡ
ھ§סݵоĲ룬ͬʱ̼ģǵ㣬̵Ĺͷÿһ¶ݽ۵ӹ𽥵İݾĳҲٸɬˣһĿдӽϴĸоѹ֣ǿǿҡ
ӿ˳Ƶʣ崫ǿĹͿǿҵĳŰݵĴԣ˵ĺĴֿھĻܶ࣬һĹ˵Ƶ˴ϻơ
ݹڴϣƨɸ߸ߵھӺŰݵһͣĳײ崿ŮƨɣһĴ崿Ůѩ׵ƨɣžž˫ֳסͷϰʧȥ֧ȫſ˴ϣǷƨȻ߸ߵͦţֵھĳ
ÿһ³嶼ĳʵ͸УǴûģڡꡱĲѨУһɹˮԾشӽ֮˳Űݰ۵ƨɹεϣݷƨɱ߸ߵ̧һδεӭھĳײ
ھÿ¶嵽ӹڣÿһ壬ݶɵûһ̧ͷɹΣָ봲촽΢ţһָйٵĴ̼ʹ崿Ůңھƨ鶯ʱ˶ֱܿͦͦϺڵŽ׵β룬ִסܵûһ˿϶۵ҲһճҺ岻ϴӽϵķ϶鴤Ĵȼ֤ڳǰδеľ޴ĿС
ھƴⶴнУʹȫİݣƨɺضͣ޲ðһжȥҪ崿Ů嶴Ƶģغ룬ƨصײţû밲ڣ˷״̬µȸղŴһȦһӲÿһζ룬ֱӹھƷŰݾ壬عӹĳŪ㺹ܡѣ泩Ѳݵģھһ͸ٶ£ݼֱ챻ɵˡ
Ҫ㡭Ҫˡ
һ£¡һ£˰ٰʮ£Ĺھļۣھ˼תԷزȡλƣһھһ߽ԼеչָԷʶﻹϣܵ㺦ߵǰͦزھᣬ꽷顣
ĽھбѹƣüŤһߣݽεεھʱĿ崿Ů޵׷ŵ˱飬𿺷ܡھĶ룬δֱӹ
սǰңѸ׻磬籩꣬ĳ鶯ھĴִݵԼײھÿһСͰƨɵײᷢġžž崿Ůڵɳꡪ꣡
ˮ졣
ݽӸھ޵崿ŮԣҲ¸һӿһƬհ׵˼άھɲǼҸСޡҪٲˡ˼Ҫˡ
ھմϲûͨ״ﵽ߳ƽԼǰ˫־ٸ߹ͷȻϥѹͣˮƽʹѩ׵Ĵ޶ȵıֿ
ݵСԵʱԵ¡𣬶¶ƵȫŮ壬Ǳһ󻶵󣬶ǿܱǿŬˣݴʱȷֿھңԱֱֱ룬ھһ׼ֱӣ˫ַסݵ˫Ź̶ðݵȣһε÷ȻǰͷӴһɲǣھͣ
ͨĹͷö϶мӹһһٵģͷĿۻšھƿ˰ݵĴȻֵҰŰݵѨֱ壬˲䣬ھˬŶһʱֻھĽʱùͷڰѨıĥҲԽԽ
ȻԽԽҵĳ£ݵѨſɫⱴ뿪ϺŪȴ赲ϵĳھİѰݵĴ̧˼ϣ֪ھΪ˿Բĸ
ֻĴͷڰѨĥ˼£ͻȻһѹһӾͶ崿ŮֱӹѰݵѨǵģҺ˴ϡ崿Ů۾ֽץŴƴ֣ƴͦʹԷȫûھݳ鴤еһ飬ͺһ㿪ʼȫսѹŰݣһɫճҺ˰ݵͣо䣬޳ܵھֶΣǿмԸеİݡ
Ŀڴͷھӹţ֮Ѱ˫ȼŵڴϣȻĲڰݵͷڰݵͣĽţŪİһйֱݼʣİγֻкٵľҺ˳˳
ھûȫ뿪ʱھеεƿƵģϲλ룬΢ġۡһֻոձۣ¶ϴİݣȫѩ覣˫ʧ񡢷ʣ޶崿Ůߴֻڴ󿪣һƬǽ壬ھľҺ崿ŮҺǺײһĶѣ
ͬʱӴȸ֤ܵɫҺ˭һۿǰŮ꼤飡ھɵİԵ˼ǱԼʩꡣ
ֻ躬ӭھĴֱ壬ŻھΪΪھԼŰн⣬Ϊֹṩ޶ȵԴ̼źݵ鹵ɢĵ̼ھڸ߳Ե̵Ů̱ڴϣ̣˿İݣŷĺ촽ԼھԼ⵽ļȻĵСǿײžžž
ײȴʹݵɧġ
ָоʵ̫̼ˡܲ˰
ݿʼʶھͷİҰޣسѨױȵĳͳ壬ССⶴشӵŴͽ׳βھСײۡۡžž칫Ҳϻ죬ݵǿʼģˡ
ظܵһǿҵĦĴ̼ʵʵڵĿȫسŰݵ壬ʹԺ䷢г˿ĴִŮʹƿֵײġžžǡۡѨ֮಻صʾⳡ֮ǰҡ
أ³˷ܼӿ켤ļȿʹСţŵĵͺߣСۡꡱڰѨš󡱡ߴߴһǼǳҺ˷ڶϡžž˽ܽϵ岻ײʹСĿռŨصա
ھĺڰݿҵķԽԽأԽԽ٣ڹģͣӹֹش̼ŹͷһޱȵĽϺ󣬰ݵһ㣬崿Ůͷֻܿ͵СԼϸ֫һ˵ëںڵһƬˣǴִˣ֪ǶԼԼԼȴҲз治֪ļۺʱܽ
ֳ˼£ھĴһһݲҽһھһ侫¶


151 Ůݱˣϣ
ڣھűԼڵİݣЦЦ˵ݣҵ𣿡
ݳĬˣӦʹھӣǴʱȴжѹ
㡭ô죿
ʵ
ھǺһЦһ£˵ҵŮˣ𣿡
һӶҺ𣿡
῿Ļʵ
ǵȻˡ
ھһϲŰݵӣ˵Ӧң𣿡
š
ҲˣҲͬھŮˡ
ϵʱھصԼıһȥСѾͷ˹Цɵˣˮ
˵ţݽϵˮݸھ
лл
ھһЦһڣ˵أ
Ц½̴ȥˣˣɵܲܰ۾ϰ
ﰡذ
ھһʵ
ɵ۾ˡ
һЦ˵
Ŷã
ھ˵ͷ۾
ʮӺ󡭡
ˣɵ۾ɣ
˵
ھ۾ȴ˲סˣԭѾͷȻԼѹˡ
ʱʮСŮĽ¶ھǰδľŮʱѾ߹ģŷ۵İã͹ĺˣھ˲ڸ
ݣǡ
ھˡ
ɵ
ᱧסھ˵˼벻㡭ϲ㡭½ŮҲΪʲôǲ
Ǹǡ
ûпǡ
ɿЦղڸɵȵˮˡ˵Ūġҩ
ھݵı׺ʹ󵨾ٶĿɿڴۿţתԽšȴڴɢ˲ɱӵɣ̲סһҲؼ
ݵ˽ɵɵվĻУżſ˫ۻסĲӣСƵ촽
ȻĶôɬСʪ㻬һ¶˵ŮϢջھһСҲƲסеһѱסʡ۵壬֦Ҳʼֵ֫ѵϡһĽߣӴþһȪˮ
ھдǸӦס֣̫Сܳס
ǣĴҪֶǴҩھþÿһһΪһõɶѸٱ鲻ԽסݵССƷĸоòࡣӯĽձһϸһ̰ӯʵϸŪš
С۵壬İӦǳУǺ͸ŵŻϵͦСƨɣ
ıȶţǧھĴ̵ָϣĦţ֪ʲôʱ𣬲֪ΪʲôҾ㣬ϲ㣬ɵҪҡ
˵ھһ˿ҲƮ⣬˾ŵϣʵ޳¶ഺɢ
ھԼѾ޷ˣһѹԼ·ֿݷ۵ȣ߼й룬̴ݵŮĤֱ㣬ŮʱƬƬ

ֻʹĿҪѿˣʱ˳Ĵھеɵɵɵ۰۰۰ۡ
ŮżϾͲˣ
ھ˵ҲŰ룬ֻתΣùͷݵתĥ
ھදĶݾʹ֮ȴһģвɦ֮СͦĶɦɦһȴھֻࡣ
ݸеھߺЧɦʹȫһͦΪĵطأھһһĽڣĸоԽԽԣڵߡ΢䶯ɦŹͷھҲߣߣ
šھѾֵľͷˣܿٵৣ
ùͷٵ˵ڣȻĲ룬ͷھظĳ嶯ݵ
šš
ֻ˫ڲ⣬ھľĦȣ·һɼǿҵȼӿȥըҩһӵیһǿһУֱ껨ģʹʧǰ౻ŪļͦţҲѸתɿֱԼʣոԳŵϱµȼ̻ǿ֮ǰойů谭ی¹ȿڣҪѹƣת˲֮ůѾբֱĹیһƬڰҺ󣬾ֱ棬Ūʪôһ顣
ھͣͦߣݵзصŪС³ʹķ۵һһϣڲߴҲͣתţھоûĺ壬ΪܡһƬһƬˮҲ˶ͷĳӽϴɽ
ھ˶߲ͣݷֵϸš
ݵ˫Ⱥֱʱܿ˫жֱ˫ֱţ˵Ĵƨ˫ȼ䲻ͣĴִ̼˵ﲻϵĴݵͿʼ΢΢ϢѾ˽ˡھӽݵļ́վ󣬿ʼ塣
ֻԼ،ڸղߵĳǹɧֱͣһʹС±ʡӷѣֿھϵƸľ׮Ķסضĸо̼ԼԣɵÿʼҡھС׶е･
ھڵϣ˫ַݵݵС׶ζŮʹƣʹϵھ״ﵽԿУģݲӿ°ڶٶȣҿе˺߸ԴԴϴھĶУʱп³׷󼫶ȻʹԼӿ⣬Լɥ֮ʹ׵ȥˡ
ֻ˫ֽھţ㷢Լͷͣǰɢţһʮ㣬㺹ܣĿгһ죬̺С촽΢ţŶɵð
ˮҲ˳˽ϴķ϶۵Ĵϡ
Ŷมɵ㡭㵽ʲôǸŪŮŮ


152 Ůݱˣϣ
ݻԲβһһεײھĴȣžžž
ײھÿζĲ뵽ݵСƺֹ׺ײݵˮݵ͵ÿλͽСο¶޵⡣һξΣھĺ˫ץ˿˶ᰮ֣̲סŰƨɡѩ׹⻬ԲеԣĵͣЪ
ʱھǰǶ岻ͣҵĲŪۻңذ˫ִݵϷſڸʽӨϲסĴץţ̼ݿиӲͣ˽Уѽáá桭š桭ץš桭١ʹ㡭츾
ݱɵֱðڲס˺ߵɵŪˡšŪˡѽҵġҵĵطŪˡҪŪҡ򡭡ĵط
뵽֮̼ھ˴󷢣̱任ƣ׹⻬ȷֿߣֱԼҼϣ߲ͣı任ǶȺݺݵزȥ
ֻ߲ʱ͡
ھ˫ץݵĽ׾Өţھвϵر任״Ҳͣѩ׶ֹ⻬ȡ
߼룬籩һݲݵی£óԼһڴ籩޷ݵСۣɷ籩ĸоˮҲʹĴòͣش˽Уɵ㡭ÿ֡š̫ˡ˼Ҵûôš
ھЦʹҪϳǼ岢ֹǰĥɵøӴҰˡ̡̡
ֱˮɽﲻ
͡
ײʱشݶСݽĵЦţ˺ߣѽááŪɡšš١㡭ɡÿְ
̧ͦתŤԼΣھˬٵĿԼصζ
ݽھϵĴŴҲѾκˣһ߽Ĺھߣһ߲ϵķŸ߳ʱˮھٵĶţǳ壬ǶĶݵƨɣٵĶǿҴ̼ݼϲͷ㷢죬һȥƨɽھС¡
Ťھ໥ĥУоԼیڲӿְҺ崫ĳʵкУ׷ֻھߵķ壬ھһ׷ļ¿֡ھоóԼһĴȼúܽɴ˴یµĽӹھĹͷҧסʹھˬòˡ
ھͷעλݱھúߵĴھĵͻȻӿһռкĿϲ̲ס˵ô𣿡
ھ˿ɿھһ£˵ţҴûй
ھаĽһͦ޴ĹͷһӶݵӹݶʱߵһ㡭
ھͷݵĺËһ£˵
ģһģһδܹĿ֣
ھ˵ţסËߴı۾ͷھ˱ţھ¿ʼͦȼӲݵیڳš
ţ
Ȼ㣬ھ֪ѾȫӦߵĳ壬ʼ԰Ȥˡھҡβͷĥݵӹתͷĸܵʹ΢Ĳһɹ֭Һϴݵیӿ˳ȺĽھ׳ߣھоƮƮɡ
ݵıǻ﷢˵ĽеŶãܲˡҺ͡㡭Ǹֶô֣ŵţһ㡭Ŷ
ھµ΢ţͷԼӣËϾ飬Ļˣɵ˷ʼͲ

ݵĺ߽ԽԽҲԽԺͻȻһ˫þȫļнھͬʱŤھҲǵøʵͷüһ𡣽ھоݵԽԽȣⲻ䶯ǿ˱ھߣھ벻ݵСی¾ȻôĽͣ޵Ŀɽ
ھӣҰͷ߽ԴӹתĥһĸоֱӿݵĴԣŤԼ۹⻬Ը壬䶯یеڣһ˳𽥽еĵ߷壬ԸӣҺیȪӿ
ֻģģġߺĽӴн쿴֫ŤڡҲʼͶˣھ߿ӹߡֻһĽкֻҡͷԣ㵸һ
ھֻԼֻСצڲͣץţʹḻ̌һֻĻҡǰǰţ̳ţһǿһˌڡ
ƴĽдţھȫıסˣҲ޷ˣСﻹڲͣţʱھ˫ۻ֧Ȼһʼݾشӵѹȥͨ죬鱩ŬһǿʼСӿ𽥼ڱҧסϡšһ漣ˣ͵һǳһ೤ִ׳࡭
֮䣬СݷԭеĵּѹǴִȻһ̣һӴ͸һǿĵ粨ֻһָ߶˷ܵħ̼ġһ˫ֲϵھǰغ󱳣ץӣһ˫İȲͣصߡһĲסھʱھϳ飬ߴ⵰һ°˳һֱֱ룬Ͳ壬żٶȻƶšȻҡƨɣ϶ţȫһČ±һֲ˰ת䶯ʱھҲ˸߳Ľ׶Ρ݌±ڵ䶯̸ھȫµĸоζһ̡Ǵšĥݻ
ݿʼھ»Ȼ˵Ŀҽ񴭣ʺϢС켱ٵĺţیһǿ˱ھߡݽٶھĶ߸𣺡Ŷááҡ͡มม
ζݣ׶ʴǵĿ£ȫʧȥǣ԰ļУһֵ˳ѵǡ
ھʼĳ壬ÿζùͷײیӹһʱֻ̡̡̡֮ͣǿҵĳͷĦĸоԽԽӼıסھھѩ޳⻬Ƚһ
տʼеʹţΪ֪ԼܿͻྡûгסӺ濪ʼĴԽԽǿңݱ۾ִܴ͵ζ̲סеġߺôҡҺϲŪ
ݵ˽иھޱȵźھʼȫٽٶȻȣ;סٳ塣
ھɵñݵβݵ壬ƨһŤͷݵӹĥšתţ˿һšֽһ㡭תתһ㣬
ӹɦڹͷ֮ʣʧˣ֮һִûйо
ӴɵŮˡŮ
ѾȫӦھĽھȫʩΪ£ݷõ˸㡢ܡݵİҺĴɽͣĴھǵĽܽϴΧݵĴȸھ߸
ھ۷񣬴ɱݲͳ飬ÿζȫγ棬ȻݺݵĲȥһ嵽סÿκݲͳʱھþȫÿζ̡ݴûܹ˿ֻ֣ϲݷſ񻹲йеУݵ岻ͣŤšӭţи˽нֹˬҺϲϲ㡭ùֶֶң
ӴҪˡýҪˡŪŪҰɡĲҰɡ
ˬˡҡҪˡˡ㰡
СʱھĴ£Ҫ߳ˣݿзҽе
ݸоӹһ鴤дˮڼУ类絽һͣĶҲܿĽӲýӹȻȻͻȻſһɼӹھ޴ĹͷϣȻߺڵĽϴ档
ھݵӣ֪ŮѾĹͷͰߺݺݵĲݵУȻݵӹתšĥţͻȻһɺˮӿȻڹͷϡھȻеһޱ飬һ£̲סҲ鲻ԽţһŨ̵ľҺӿȻݵӹھںͬʱﵽĸ߳ˣ
ھܵݵĹĶＤӲͦݵیٶʹ󣬼ѵشĳֺݺݵض˽ȥÿȥһΣݶ̲סʹĶʼңߵĿٳ룬ݵķۺڴʺⴽҲĴ׳߼ѹ÷תӵѪҺݵķＷ


153 صʧϣ
ƻɺҹ
ϣپƵĶ¥ھ롶̩̹˺š޵Ůǡء˹ض
ƵƻԻͣҫۣƵ£ˮҹʱֵȻԵַǷһƬľ
ǰĿء˹أھǰһĿⲻԾǰľɫٸϣȻǰڵӰ̩̹˺šϼǰٸ޸ӳųĽɫ㷢˫ڰ׷ˮ۾ʮˣķ͸죬Ǽ˵ӣС죬ԵΡ ԸеС죬ٴһ׷
һԳģѩϸۣ͹ģ·֮ڡȹһ˫ˣȳƶ޳ȡѩ޳Ȱźɫ˿࣬۵˫Ųȵźɫĸ߸Ь˴Լ̬ǳ˷ζķͺǷ羫ϸٸ˷ϣԲķ۱ۣ󷽣΢ųŮе㡣
û˵ģҰͦ壬ԲָеԵβǸģġSǰһ
ֻԭɫĳ߸һųаˮ۾ͺ촽գַּ֫ͦ΢ڵβʹֻܰκ˼Ѫڡİ˽ڸ߹֮С
ǰʱ򣬿ء˹ؾԷƣС¡ӵŮĽķ鷿رڡ̩̹˺šаݵ˿ھˮֱٴҹλأĴж˿ѩ׵ɳϣĵĶԼ΢Ц龰
ÿڿ̩̹˺šʱھ޲Լܿˣ˿һվ̩̹˺ϣŴӭһںзһǶοɸİ¡
С㣬Ҽŷˣһ使޵ĺõ壬˭ܹȢ㣬Ҹˣ
һɵ㷢ٸ㣬ּһ˿ҺϢ뵽Լı棬ھľɵΪ֮һھǰӺݸ߹Բ˹أ̵ĸ̾
ΪʲôΪھӶʮ͸˹˾ڹˣھкǿڹغףʱԼسԷ
˹ضǰӨĲƱٵھǰһЦ˵Ǽ濪ʼ仰Ѿ˵ˣҿɲԣڼұװ
ǰζӵŮѣֻǲ֪ûĻᰡ
ھٴθ˹صһҾƣ뿪Ц˵
氮˵Ц
ЦʵƵȣٸ˿ŵñԲ󣬶˿࣬ȴָٸ˼ֵԶĸоջʹھ΢΢һͬʱɵ˼ҪúõŪ˫ȵĳ嶯˹ؽеľһаĪɫ
Ȼһסص֣˵أ֪Ұ㣡Ҵӵһۼ㿪ʼҾͰˣҶôչ㣬Զǻ㣬㲻һίĶׯʥЩһֱصΪ㸶ģϣΪҵŮˣҿԱ㣡𣿿أҵŮ˰ɣһõģ
رھⷬ˵ôסˣھۼѵãǰһѱסأ촽ͬʱ˫ϲͣ
شһƴھĶ֣ھرĴϲͣ˱һֻĴ鷿Ͼš
زͣھŹģھ㳯䷿ȥشеܣſңҲҪſң
˿޼¡
䣬ھٺһЦ˿ϣתӰѵڴϻûĿŮƣεѹ£һֻҲؿס˵˸ȫܽӴ
ء̡һɴ˫ۿŽǰھ߷ߵشȴֲҴֻǿоȿʼĴߣŵھ̽Ĵߵ˫Ƚн
ȫܴĿͨŤھƣ˭֪ԽԽ˵ײòĻ飬ʱϢֹһ˫ͦ鱻صѹסٵͣͬʱоһȹ̵ӲľްضСϡȻδµĴӣҲ֪Էܵı֡
ؽ㣬κ𣬵ͬʱҲĴ̼Ū飬ŵ𡭡𡭡ſҡܡҪ
ȫŤţѹʥش
𶯣Ҫڶ̰·ǿ㣡Ҫ㲻˵һŹ㣡
ھſ縡͹Ը˵ԳԻ֬۰ĦȻһҶھ󵨵ضػæŲһԣưڷɢĶͷϸüĽëյӣֱıӱݏ΢΢ɿͦıǺЩ촽촽ݏʱԲժӣң˭˶һǵ˾µ٣Ửϸ۵ļȷ֮ɫ߻֮ݡ
ѩ׵ĲסǷ壬ȥôԸУջ֮䷢ӵ£ͦ彫ǰ¸߸߶һɽ壬źżӿ죬ҲŲ
ϣһĨ˵κܵ޶˵ľɫϣһٸеƢǰżŭ壬ھѪӿɫһҲ޷ԼˣһͷһųаĿǾɫصٸʺ۵ӣɫҡڣ񾱣һ׷ һһԱͽͦŭʵҲ͸ַͦԾɫصĽۣһ㱡סһ˫ͦ塣
š𡭡𡭡š֡㡭ܡ㡭˵ҪŹҡ
ؽߵһ̣һߺھִֻŮ۽ϣһֱวţָ£ָḧǰͦ嶥ȦḧѹҵһСͦͻָ֮ۡؼסǽСͷмɵһꡢ
ؽһ𣬶㲻ζһãǴеشϴĸоŪû类ɡһ뵽Լƽһ˶˼ÿᴥĽСͷһ꣬ĲָеɬֵĪĴ̼
еزھϲ񣬸סҵؽ񴭵ʺ㴽ͼǿأһܵɬҧó֮ջߴ𡢺ӵݣ㰵£ͷȵؾסǽܻ֡ӭ̴࣬ڷ㣬ۻھסСɡĿɰ⣬һаؿ˱ӣС챻⣬ߣƿ顢ƻ
ɫһֻּסͦһֻɬظеһֻħִʽͦ£Լϸ֫ԼԲϸĴȣյĶ̿ڲࡣ
𡭡󡭡㡭㡭ǡӦöཻһӡһӲšġ
ȻˣԽ㣬£ధţѸеԼѽԼˣѹ£ԼĽĽȴҰĸôᣬԼ̵ϵ꣬һ˿Ŀ⽥ǿֱ͸Ժȫɵһ
޾ɫ崿ĿߺԽԽе䣬ԽԽһνߵرԼλðĴ۾ħִӵѶֱеĴȸʱȫеһϤĿʹ̼
ھ¿صţп㣬ѩ׵ĴȺͷۺɫǿ㣬ھ˷ֱֿܵȣٸڿסɬһวһٸഺֱ͸ġԡ
سʱȥֹôҲֳ޵С߼ͨ죬δй˸صĲλวһϤֱ͸ģݏֱ͸Ļ
ھеصԽԽȣصľɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ٣˷ܵؼɫ崿˵μˣ֪ʲôʱеԼеһǵ׿ʪһСţϲ֡ȴ֪ĴٸʱסԺǲӿİ˺ºɬѾܾõӦһȴƽϢȥˡ
ظеԼѲܿԺΣѲܿԼЩ˵Ӧ£֣һŴƵĽߵͨһƬͻȻ˿һеؿһԭھѹԼڿƿɫT⿪ֵĿӣһ˺ɫ˿֣ޡ֪Ŀѱѹһѩױͦ循ʧΧ
ֻһƬ׵Ŀѣѩϣֻߴ¶˵嶥ˣһΡ̺ͷѩк߿ŵĻӭ˳۹⺬ţ΢΢ߺޣ֪ô죬ûüסԼͦ飬ѱһںסһֻ壬ɵý㡣
ھסһֻͦวһָֻſرڿ㣬һر΢͹Ľٸ꣬òɫ崿ĿؽɵһˣСڿ㣬ɫĵĿ˶Ѿһ˿˱¶ھǰ
ֻ񻬡ѩ޳ķȸһŵ΢ɭֽߵڸһ˵񹵣һʥ覡֬ѩŮغڴϣһ˷ܵѹȥ
ĿغȻеһȫһ˿ңһȵһصѹԼֵϣһִӲĻ̵ĶضԼСϣطһš
һ֣ߵøˡ
ھһ溬סһֻѩ۵飬˱ۺ콿۵⣬һֻסصһֻͦ۵꣬һḧſǰϸۡӨ͸ѩ崿ߵľɫϸỬƽСֱص

һȶߵӿС̺ӣʼ˺߽дھ޹ǵĽᱡһδµ崿ٸľرֻ֣ȵḧòɫĴ鿭ǽ۵Ļꡣ

ԺһƬհף使ޣ޷һڶĽ
ſǿŽɬķĲһֻǽյ̺м䣬һΡΡӨ塢ճٸҺԽԽ࣬һٸ¶صճһ֡ؽ㣬ߺ죬֪ΪʲôԼʪ
ھͷڿ۶Ŀ򡢲һʥٸеĻ٣һֻҲסһֻͦԵĽ壬ôĴָᲦĿѣԡ̺콿ۡߵĿزݮ
رŪҧԵһʹ಻泩˽̬˫ֲıסھĻھ˫ֽס嶥ϵŽޡõĺӣңĽĴڳ̣˿ص࣬ʥࡢ۵ļƷٸһ˿ʹһ˿ĳʵд鿭ȫʶھľ͸ռ١
أҪԶҵŮˡ
ھõأоһ˲̴˿صڣȻͨһ˲ʵظоǰ΢΢ƿյĸоĹȻͻȻСˣھ̼ͦǡͻһ롣


154 صʧ£
ѽѽšۡҡҺۡס֡
ǿ飬ȻزǵһΣǻʹĽţŷ·屻˺ѿʹࡣûҧھļʹָѾĴıˮ
ͻȻеһ¼ҵʹʹ̵ĵͺ֪ԼĵѾھͻˣʹŸİοʹ
ؼҵİڶŽ޳ĴȲص̤Ŵ̱κ뱻Уϸ۵Сصסھʵţþȫơͷںڵ˿ҵɢǰ࣬룬ӯ滨㽿ķ顣
е˺ʹ龪ھγŰſŵѵ֪ǿеĽ룬ǽ۵ĹһʹѽġǸκӯİھ˾ɫ˵գ⣬ਾʹͺˮתס˵ʹʧѪ㴽˱Ѫ˿
ʱôֹͣǰת壬嶥˵Բθͷĥ˵ľűſĴĹıڡ ھÿʹԼ˽ĹȵѹŪԲֻͼԼܿ࣬ϾϲϲĽ欣һЩЩίҲԸǿʩʱм˵ĸоһС
ᣬھǲˣӲؽԼӲͦ˳һȻỺھѻȫ˳ɫ˵⣬ֻʣ¾˵ԲγѪͷͣڿصĹڡĻķҷӨ㻬ҺӿĹص˳
ؾھһǻ۰Ѿȥͬʱһĸоȡֱ֮һĹȻĥڸеԼ۵Ļо񱻷Ϸ裬ԾΣǳǳؽӴƮԶݣ˵Ŀѹֲű߼ʵոŪ˹ȥھԼһǰڿعе֣Ȼȿİȴݣֻܻӭ΢΢ʶԼͦΣĿɿɵذʾаЩжοġ
ھϲ˿ԼϲšѪ˿۵ؽż˺ߴӵĽգȻ۽Բδɵۣüйʹ弣ǷۺοǳЦˮ˫˵ݵĴ飬ķ۴΢΢ſ³˵ૣһе龰ǿҵٻؽֿʼסаɵθԾ΢΢Ŧݏھһ롣
ʱھҪٲ˷ԸǴ羰ˡھϸֳϲЦݣϽ˳Ӽ˵ԸеؿʼѾߺ˫աĿأ󻬵˫ȻֿԼĴϣڼԱԼִĴ˵ԲγѪͷɫ˵Ĺصڣ룬ĦӴйĿС
ȻشʱҲʶȵظ˲ֿУͬʱĿҲǿҵسԭ塢崿ɫˣʱ˿̣ѾȫûŽһ١۳ңܿһ嵽ŮصĻо
ھ͵ĻоʱصĻоѸٵڻɢ䣬ڳŨŨİҺѸٵڻصůԡˮУԽԽǿңھḶ̌ԼҲͰڶƨɣھĽද
ǵĽϴѾˣҺĽ뼷ѹˮھεصϣصȫҲ㺹ܣİҺҲմھ˵ϵ䣬źˮ
ܡҡҺˬˡ㡭ߡΰҡҵġҵóʵ
ھڿػڷ壬ֱſľ۱ڣýĿˬͦӭϣھĳǡôǳһĽ̵࣬оСۺ飬ͷϴ֮вߢҺͦѩγлӭϣתΣľܵⶼε
ƴŤΣмֵĸ߳Ļо˱ͷ߶ײо س꣬¾͵˸߳
ˡá̫ˬˡˡҡҪˡˡءáܡø硭õġö󡭡ߡ󼦰͡ҡܲˡܲˡҪҪˡйˡҡййˡھĳסУɾܿ쿭ػᶶһȹĴˮӿ
Ůˮ󣬡ᡭᡭ㡭ม
ػߵ糺죬彿۷ߺΡ
תĿ׷ʲô£ԼĸԸռ飬һŪø߳вϣ˴δԹŮŻõطĲְֺɫߺ콿ȴ˵ԼĿǰĴ뵽ղлŮƽϵнתĸоزɵߺ˫գգҴʱ޳ѩȻھ߾֮£ҧھļһڡ
ھѽһֽУſֵ߲κ̣ٺ١һЦߵСأҪҪ
һıߣ֣ѿسĬһò԰ףĿһɣңÿҪ£ҡһҪȥָǿ顭
ھһ˵ҾҪСأҪȥָǿҲԣҪһΣ
˵ţһһ˿ҡ޹ǵĽѹԼϡ
㡭㡭Ҷۡ
߷ߵȴھĳ弸£ʱĻңһĨ˵ߺָ̡
ھһ˿ҡµĿһ滨ˮܽأ޾ߵغ޳ѩȡСأǲҪϢһ£
ɬصͷȴھ廹ܵһüĿؽ㻹
ھ⻬񱳣ĦĶСأϹһ𡣡
Ҳ֪ǻϲԹĵصһۣɬΪֵ㡭ˡУ㲻Ϲǡǿɶǿ鷸
ʱڴϱֳٸġӡ顢˳ķ飬ھѪȣԳ治Ӳ˼֡˽ӴĿӦϢüĿؽġôֱ󡭡
ھſ͹ΣĶСأҵʲôִˣ
ؼٵشϢһæץסھɫ֣ɬ޵Ҷ
ҪҲҶҲԣ˵ҵʲôִˡ
ھҧѩ׻۵ļԸеǣЦ㡭Ҳ˵
۾ĵüԵγˮӵؿһۣĻҵ˵ھЦСأ˵˵˵Ҫѵˡ
ҪӣŵÿæסھؿڣԹ޺޵˵ǲǻ۸ҲǿңҰ
˵Өʱˮȱ̶
ھʲô£İŮᣬŮˮɱ˵Ȼģֻ§˿أ˫ֲϵİĹ⻬񱳣ٰ㰲οԣСأҵĺùԹԣ㲻ҪޣҲԣôһ޶֪ϹжʹֻҪ㲻ޣϹʲôӦ㡣
㡭ܴӦʲôȻûʲôǡôҲģҷҪβɣ
ؽе
Ҫķ˿أңңھͲô˵ˣʵոպ֮ͺһֱ˶԰ɣ
㡭˵ҡҲŲأޣΣǿ鷸ɫħ
شھ޽еֻûһᣬ
Ӳĸɣ
˵ţھһֿʼ˳鶯
šضׯմʱ֣΢ŵӦѩƵļܿ۷Ʒƣ˫֮ϵһ˫Ҳ͸

طĽһӲֳִĴ𽥲ԼڣھһִͦͣĴֱͦصĻھеԼĴȫ˿صСۺռȶխСĿػÿһֿռ䡣ڿ鶯ˮע£һݵľĬڽխССۺѸٳ鶯ͦ
ھڿʶţ쳣խССۺڳ壬½ߵ䶯ѩ壬ܻӭʺ콿޵ӣС΢ţߡӽͻȻסѪӲ̺ͦݮͷסӣһ˱һֻסһֻΡΡͦѩ׽
ü΢壬ҧκ죬ߺƻǸִѩĹУһͷĿѣǿҿд̼ӿ˼ٵؽתھУԽ䶯Ӧţһ˫㳤ʱ١ʱƽţŴÿһ²ӭϵؽ̧ޱȻɫӣ΢ţתţһ˫ѩ׵ź۽סھ˫磬аɰСֽؿٽھ¶
ھǻҲƵĴڻдȫڿѩҫ۵Ĩ˲ϼӲزǰͦʵ壬ΰóӿ鲨߳㺹꣬ĻİҺ΢޹ߵĽСпŮģžžһٵϢӻ϶ĸ㺹ɽ컴ɫ˯
ޱȻɫ𣬷Ľ㣬һ˫ѩ׵źߴؽסھ˫磬аɰСֽؿٽļǴ׳ޱȵĴԽԽ񱩵شխĽСʶԽԽңǻԲ˶ĹͷԽԽ뿭ǻİڡ
ھڳ˵ȻѿǧĵĿصͷĶʴǵ߳ɡɫ崿˵ĸ߹ѩƽҲʼɲ䶯𽥱ɽߵͦ͡ӭϡ
ؽ޵طǸȫʵխȻԽԽĻڣһʶ֮󣬼˷ԽԽʪ妻һǿĲ롢Уÿһ½롢˳һӦšţŮнʣһɬ
ھһƥֵҰͣڿ޳ϳ۳ţҵ䣬ֻĻоȥɣͷҰطйţ˫ִſص壬黺壬Ǽǽײ⡣
ԽԽҰس鶯ܡỨΪߴſÿһܵġڻĴҰطֿյĽޱȵĻ˶ԲĹͷֱؼؽСխĻ԰ڣ۵ľ˶ֿڵճĤ⣬شǻİСڴ˶̵ĻԲͷȻǺŵĽۻ񹬿ڣͷ˵۸պõִʥĿĻоϣŶá졭
һߴĽ䣬ؾסǿҵĴ̼һ󼱴ٵĽ񴭡
ĴſοʽۺͷضסǺӡ۵Ļϡ
һ˻ɢදһһȵؽšðá̫ˬˡˡҡҵСѨءáܡø硭ġġߡ󼦰͡󱦱塭ˡġĺˬˡҡˡˡˡá̫ˬˡˡҡҪˡˡءáܡܸ硭ҡ˼ҡ˼ҡ˼ҡ˼ҾԲᡭΡҡԶԶҪĴ󼦰ܲ͡ˡҡҡҪˡҡҪҪҵˡ޹ǡ˻ȫһԽľΡ鴤еճĤزĴִϣһƻȵС
ҡҪҪˡҪйˡšš
ظоڻһ弤ʱһ˫ѩ۽ס˫磬һ˫˳ѩȽסһԶؾҵľΡ鴤
һԾġ¡سк彻ţһ߳ʱһ󼱴ٵؽ񴭣

һް˽Ӵɫޱߵڴѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽھ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţҧھͷļУᵽĽ߳
ھ緢Դݽ˵ĺˮͰҺУ͵ٸصڶοѡоʱȫ˷ܸǣץסıϺˮܣ촽ٵĴƨɽĥĶر˫ۣ⻶ʱ⣬ϣھһײĻо꣬ѷĿС
ԭɬıѾʧһһĶɵ̬ʱ˫ȼסھСȣҡ֫ʱȸ߸߾𣬸ļϣͦѩ׵ĳ̣Ķܺһ壬δ鵽Ļʹŵκϸ߸ߵӭĳ̣ӭӺѸ͵١
֪˶ãĳһһھҲǻǿޱȣȫһͦһıѾá̵ŨľҺӿһβʣȫڿصӹ
ţ˶ſڴϵϢھ§ſأֻµŮǰ߹ԼֱҸ˰


155 ϣٽãϣ
ھһ§ſأһֻ鷿ḧ˵أôղſ㻹Ҫ𣿡
ؽĵؿھĻ˵㲻ҪˣˣҾȥ㣡
ھϲ׿أ˵ģСأһԶϧ㣬ģ
ǡ
سһ£˵ܻشһ𣿡
˵ɣ
ھЦ
㣬ǲǻбŮˣ
ʵ
ھһ㶣̶Ĭһ£˵ǵģ
Ҿ֪
۾һ죬˵Ҿ֪Ǯ˿϶ŮһѣҶѾ彻ˣҲ֪պ᲻һ߿
ģԲģ
ھеأңҾԲ뿪ҵģһԶһģҪ뿪ңҲһᾡȫ׷ң
ŶԸûƭң
Щ˵˵˼ѾƽھбŮˣԸھһˡ
ھϲһͨҹȥֱѿ˵ϲЦտ
ڶ磬칫ڣھڸһ̸˲ǱˣϣپƵȨˡ
ϣپƵ꣬ھϲǾչھչϣϵϣپƵĹȨΪչȨھصӰ˵˼άΪԼĸǶ
ھһЦʱ˵øǶǾô˵ˡϵĹȨתøˣ
ϣЦ˵ʲôǺֵܣһȨʲôˣԸ⣬һ԰ҵŮ͸
ʲô
ھһ˵Ůǡ
Ůһ˹.ϣ٣һݻ.ϣ٣һʮ꣬һʮ꣬ҵĺøǶҵŮġ
ϣЦ
ԭϣٽðھϲԽûǰǺģ
ھҲû뵽ԭȻô󣡹¿ɷˡ
ǣھͺϣ˵ˣ׼ҪúŮ
֮࣬ھ˳ؾͰ˹ݻɫĽû
ھǹ߽Ůķ䣬ݻոϴ裬ԡ¡ھһǹָŶŮҿһǹʾ䡣
ŮʱɵˣŵôоϣѷԸ˲Ҫ£Ȼǣֻܹھ׼սʹݲУ
ھݻڴ£ѽ˹󵽴ϣھǹֱɫʻ
ֻϵŮߺ죬£աһǾɫòŮڴбţɫ󶯡ھ⽿ٰľɫŮĸ߹ѹôҳɫֻ⿪Ů˹¿ӡ
˹ε𡭡
ھĹЩֻŮ£ɫŮ¶ѩ׽ķۼ磬һѩ׵£ʵ˻
˹Уḧѩ׽ϸϡ
ֵѩӨ͸۵Ửۣ˿ỬƳ
־ḧžɫŮ绨һѩ޲ɷľɫŮ˹ּߣĽ㣬һ鴦Ůأ
Ĵ֮ĩйԴɫǵһ۵ıǣȫһڣ绨ľɫ͵ͨ죬Ľޡ
ס󡭡㡭Źǰɣ
ھ ЩֲסζŮ˹Ǹʽͦ塭
˹ֻе־һĶԼ۵ļζ֮һȫӿһĸǽ֡¼ˣ֪ҪʲôֽŮʥ߹ļͦʱ߷߽ӡ
󡭡㡭
òŮεİУסǽͦ顭
˹ͦʵĴŮһ˫¼š
ܵĽӴòɫ崿Ů˹ߵͨ졭
־˹һ˫ͦɬ塭
⿪ǾɫòŮ֡
һ˫ѩ׾ӨŭʱŮӯ
鴦Ůʥ۵ĽĽͦỬסɫŮǽ۱壬ֻ嶥޺۵ġ١
ḧ캬סŮǡ١ۿɰͷ
𡭡
ľɫŮ˹㣬ţڴµݻҲ㣬ŹҽɣŹǰɡ
ǣֽ⿪òŮ˹ĿŮĶȹ
Ůѩ׾Ө޳ѩ׵ý͸ϣһɫľɼ
ŮĽޣ޵ߺ𡭡
ָ˹ȣ촽Ůǽ۵ͷ
˫ˮܽذ̺ɰͷа£Ů˹еһŮܵһִĩȴԵ顭

ò崿ľɫŮǽεǷһ̴ٶɬ̾Ϣ
Ůͨ죬Ľ֡
˹ȵֽŮʥĴȸȵ˹Ͻʣڿ桭
𡭡𡭡
Ůּذ
Ůڿšš
˳ޱȵ΢¡Ůġݡһѹว
أָϮ˴Ůǽ۵ġ񹵡

һȶߵ̷Ů˹ɰСǡ
ŮĻۡ񹵡ţҲס˹ӣ۵Ŀɰͷ˱
崿òŮ˹һɫǧĵĴ鴦ŮǴĩͷ񹵱ŪסһһӿϷģοɰСǲԾת
š
Ůѩ׵䶯ѣĿ̳ѩŮڿеֵĳ鶯΢ͦ
ֵŮıʴǵû
š㡭
ھֻòɫĴŮѽʪ妻
۽ĴŮͷҲӲ
˹崿С͵ͨȣ߽գӽߡ
ѵȫ漴ŮСÿǿ㡭
ֻϵòŮһ˿ң⻬ĴŮѩۻƳ񡭡
ѹ˹СŮѩȣֻŮϷ𣬷ۺɰ񹵱ߣһ׾ӨŮҺ˴Ů
§סŮȣŮ񹵶ȥ

ŮĽһӲֳִԼڡ
һ˿۶ֵʹʹü壬
žӨŮյ
崿ɫòŮתĺʹȻŮڶšš

Ůһ޽òɫĴŮ˹СխֵĴŮĤ
ֱִͦ˹
ھеԼȫŮռȶխСĴŮÿһֿռ䡭
ɫ崿˵Ů˹ƬƬ
һݵľĬŮխСг鶯
ֻضȥ
š
˹ֻεɬؽת
ѩ׵Ůȵ䶯š⻬Ľѩĳͦ͡ӭϡš
š
ÿһζŮխŮοɰСǶ߶ȵӦĶ
𽥼ӿ˽࣬ٵĳݺݵض롭
˹͵ض롢ĵľɫŮ˹ӽ䡭
šš
һκݺݵ봦ŮСʱڶŮ ۽ߵġﻨоˡ

òɫ崿Ůܵĩ˴ġʥءУһľУŮ۽ɬо㣬ǶߵĹ̹ͷǡһ𡭡
ھеͷ˴һỬҽӵġ١Ůġо֪ɫŮ߹ʥġо
šš
崿Ůߺ죬Ľӣת
ھضŮУùͷᶥŮˡ
һš
Ů˹
ᶥŮ
Ů˹Ѿеѹ󡢹ӲˣŮĸеǶԼеĻԽԽҲԽԽӲӳ ʵŻ۵ҲİᡢխСĴŮڡ
š
£Ůоߴ¶

ŮߵһܱĴŮӹڽ
͸е񹵡
ѩɣʪ
ŮһΣȵ»խĽһ
ŮĽ֣ɲǼĸ֮߳С
ھŮһ壬ټǽϵճĤһȵУɵȫһ飬չһ׺ݵĳ塭
Ȼض봦ŮСڣסŮ˹ӹڣ򽿻ѩŮ˹۵ġ⡱ӵӹ
˹еһֶ̣ýת

崿ľɫŮߺ죬㣬彿
Ů⻬ѩƬƬ߰ߡ
ھ崿ŮʪУһȲ䶯
ǿмλ崿ˡòɫŮ˹
˳ľɫŮݻտʼʱھŹǽɵһضׯĽڴϿʼػӦھļǿʱĩµòŮݻĽޣߺ졭
֪ΪʲôӦھļ
ݻ£᲻ַأҿɻһװ׵ĴŮҲһĴŮΪʲôᡭַңһ᲻һߣҲ׵' ǿ' Ҫķߡ
Ϣһھ뿪һ˿ϸŮ˹´ݻŵڵ̺ϡ
˳òŮݻ£߽ա
⿪ݻԡ£Ůǿ㡭
һ߷۵ѩ׾Ө覵Ůһ˿ҵ¶
Ůݻ岢˹ɰѷɫ˹ݻλ崿ˮľɫŮᣬߡ
̺εһ˿ҵŮһ使޷ĳˮܽذԣһ֦绨崿ˡ
ѹλߵŮһ˿ҵѩ׵塭
ŮĽ֣κ죬طţ𡭡𡭡
Ҳ֪ͽ͡
һֻסŮݻһֻѩױͦỬ壬ͷŮݻһֻ嶥ǽ߿˵̺ͷһ
Ůһһִĩйоӣ۵Ŀɰͷ
εǲ㽿߳崿ľɫŮĽ㣬ߵͨ졭
֪ΪʲôͷŮݻ̺졢ӵĿɰͷһֻֿʼ崿Ůݻһ˿ҵĽỬϸͬʱӲִ߽סŮϸѩ
Ůݻ£еԼĩԴѩߣһͬʱָеһִӲĹ̡ԼĩĴŮϣĥԼëѹŻ۽ĴŮ
ݻֻе֣סˣûŮ̺졢СĿɰͷ
Ůѩ׵ḧǽѩỬ˿񡢽绨ѩŮ
ϸ֯ν' ' ޣ΢͹ĴŮỬ˿Ůëִյ妵ŮϪ
ָŮỬ۵񹵡
ĸŮ񹵱ǽޱȵỬĴŮ
һࡢ崿ĴŮݻŵʻһľɫŮĽߺ졭ֻҧߺϣѵؿһһʴǵ˵С
ݻѾףһʧȥǣؽ˹һھǿнת׵ʧȥഺŮʥ౦ĴŮͯꡭ
Ůݻһ˳崿ŮҧԼھоŪϷ£Ů̺ۡỬߵĿɰͷָŮѩ׵Ĵȸнһ֮Ů˵ѩ廹ǲԾӦ
ھекŵĴŮͷԽԽͦԽԽӲ
ָĴŮԽԽʪ
֪ǧġ崿ľɫŮѶ֣ΪʲôŮһأ̧ͷһֻòŮü壬ҧͷһߣҲ̵ס
ͷŮ̵ѩϣͷסŮӲͦĽͷסŮġ١⣬Ȼһǽޱȵͷ⡭
ͬʱŮеָҲ˳ڻ۵Ůʥյڡ
ֺסŮӵͷ١һ˱
ŮֻеǱѱǵýֵͷһŮọ̈̄ͬʱеġħ֡ѸӽӽŮʥ۵ġڣһƬΪСʪġŮءûгֻĿߺ졭


156 ϣٽãУ
ͣ˱ŮԽԽͦĽ⣬ָ崿˳ĴŮʪۻĴŮڵһȦһȦתšš
أŮݻԽԽ죬ԽԽ٣ԽԽңһʤһγŮᴿķģû Ůݻǡ

̲סһɬŮݻεǣŮݻĵһȻ̴١ģھȴ֣ӽֻŮԽԽ󡭡
Ůѩ׵ʥѲԾ΢ָϵĻ䶯Ӧ
Ů崿ľɫ̸ǻ콿ޣӨ硢εǽʼתػӦÿһ򡢲
ššš㡭㡢㡢
˳òŮݻߴӵḶ̌ڳӿС
ھ̧ͷһŮǽǧߺһƬѩ׽̵Ľʥ߰ĽͷӲ̺ͦӣѱӿ͵Ϻ죬֪ʱѵ
һ§סŮ˻ϸһ§סݻһ޳ѩȣֿŮǹѣĿ裬ɵòɫŮݻǻ ʪ妵ĴŮء̽ȥ

Ůֵһ̣֪ԼĻʲôʱѱʪһӲġ˳زԼۻġ񹵡΢յĽ۵ڡ
İȽխĴŮڡŮĴ֤֮ŮĤ

Ů飬Ľǧǽ
šš
ݻ妻ȵĴŮкݺݵǰһ

ݻһҧһ˿ܶĴӿϷģžӨӿһ˿ҵĽѩ׵΢΢
ݻԼʧȥഺŮǱĴŮͯꡭ
޴ؽ뵽Ůڡ
һݵľֹ󣬾Ϳʼ崿˳Ůݻʪ妵Ľխг
ݻתؽţš

ÿһζ룬ŮοɰǶؽߵһӦȵؽ롭
šššš
Ůѩ׵Ĺ˳ÿһγԵ䶯·ҪʹһεĶ붼ܽ뵽Ůġо
ѸٵشӴŮгֺݺݵضȵĴŮխڡ
һ±һºݵس塢̡
ʹŮǶеĽȻȵķĦھ⣬ҲŮ顭
ɫò崿˵ŮݻĽ֣κ죬ӣ
šš
òŮݻת
ٶµͶͲ֮£ݻ
һһΡ
ԭ˴Ů
ݻǺߴӡỬĿɰŮˡ
ǿҵִ̼ʹ˵ӹεؽһճĴŮ

ʱ͵§ݻ˻ϸصסŮϸ۵壬ݺݵشݻǽСխʪȵеĴŮڡ
̻Բ˶ͷŮݻӹڡ
һΰزһŨ̵Ůӹ
ม
̵ݻ彿֣ɽ
˳òɫĵĿɰŮݻľ£ڱǿءơˡ
ֻŮݻ⻬ѩס̵ѩɼ߰ߡ
޳ѩȸµĵ̺ϴŮƬƬ崿Ůƹϣۡоϲл
崿߿˵òŮݻʹӭϣ߳лڱҽŵ֮߳С
ɰŮݻѩ׽Ĺ彿ֵغڵ̺ϣھѹһ˿ҡ޹ǡ˪ѩŮϣϢһ컹ᴿ顢ߵľɫŮݻǸ۵Ľͦͷ
ָݻǰѩߵߡ
崿Ů˹һ˿ҵĽ廹ڿĴϣ޽۵ľɫ̻ߺƻ𣬽Ůѩ΢΢
崿ľɫŮڳξʴǵŮһĴദŮһµٸҳлŮĸ߳Уѩ׵Ů廹ĽŮĽ߲
رھڵ̺ϼǿݻʱݻǽת ϢԼھݻгʱײݻ跢ġŮĸǽ֣¶ʥŮ糱
ھֻϵľɫѩ׵һ˿ҵбţഺŮȵͦʣ绨ľɫߺˮ崿Ĵ۾ϣʺӣʪۣԸˡһжɵһٴϮ
еŮ˹ֻһһȵѹ

崿Ů˹ǽεһߵݺ䣬һֳӿ⺣֮С
ھһںס˹۵飬ͷ̺ۡСŮͷһ˱򡭡

ŮεСһȵĽߣˡ崿Ů˹ֻе屻ѹסһִӲ̵ֳŮ еСϡ
һĵ粨Ůеġ۵ͷļΰ
ššš
崿ˡɵľ˹ʺεӣʱʱţϸת
һֻסŮ飬һֻŮһ

崿ľɫŮߺ죬Ľޡ
ԭŮԴʥʪһƬ
ǣھ⿪ɫŮ˹ֽϵӣ֪ŮѲᷴļ󻶡
Ȼ˳߿˵Ů˹ʱ彿֣һưͣҲϷᱡԼѩ֬ʥϿ
崿ɰŮ˹ġݡʪ' Ϫ' һڡ

ŮһǱڼƾܵѩźıϲһգѩ΢΢һ̧񻬡ϸС ɵһ

ľɫߺһƬŮ˹ɵýߵؽ
һ溬סСǽӲĳѪͷһֻ§סò崿Ůӯӯһա˻ϸŮһ˿ҵѩ˸
һֻȴ崿òߵľһ˫ѩ۵ĽУ˳˵Ů˹ʥܡȵว
ššš
һ˿ҵľһ˵̣һֵϸ
εسеò崿Ů˹תˡ
Ůһ˿ҵѩ񻬵Ľһ䶯
ס˵һ˫˵ѩźһƵĲزھıϣѹԼȹ̵ѩ
Ůһ˫аĿɰСڽھļΡ
߿˵˹ϸԲ˻޳ѩƺ֪÷ǹá۵ڿлһĻߣһһֱһ̧ߡ
šš
崿Ů˹ֻζɬؽתš
̳񻬵ѩҲ˵ĲӦֻС߻ֵÿһ²Ū
ššš
ӵòŮ˹ӡ
һȲ䶯崿˵Ů˹ߺ죬ۼҲ͵糺죬ֲɬ߳㡭
Ůʺ˵ӣʱʱϣӽ񻬡ѩĻԲȸ߸̧𣬺ߴӵھκ󣬰ھѹԼǻУҲǴִӲġѹԼġϪС
˵Ů˹Ľޣ彿ֻǱھĽۿɰͷһ֡
ڡϪĶȥԼĴŮ֮ĴԽԽӲ̡
һһһһزϴŽġڡ
šš㡭㡢
Ů˹һ߽䡭һ
ھ⽿崿˵ŮǱ͵ͨ߻¡ľɫ̺ͻȹ̵ѩ񼡣ӲͦĿɰͷġϪ񹵡Լǲڱϵѩźۣڹɺǻ䶯񻬵ķֹһа


157 ϣٽã£
ھ΢΢̧ѹòŮ˹ϵ壬ͬʱ̧崿˵ĽŮǱ͵糺ľɫʪ۵ʺӣ

ò绨崿ŮһɬĽ䡭
ư͡ӵʺӣ
ھǿж˹Ǻ߽յݣͷšԡز崿Ůɬȵһ˱
Ůĸ¶һ㡭
崿˵ľɫŮ˹ţŮĳǣȻѱضȥ˱ĴŮͯꡭ
崿˵Ů˹κ죬ĽֵغǿʥĴŮš
ɫŮ·֪롢ߵ꼴ֻŮ˹ԲѩһɬĳɣȻӵ΢΢ֿӭǿȵռк꽻ţس嶥롭
ھٲɣǴִӲ̵ġìŮ衰ϪȻ˳Ůʪġ⹵һѹ
㡭㡢㡢šáá͡崿˵Ů˹ɫκǧ᷼ɬޡ
ߵؽתţֻһİϤִӲȶضԼųĽխڡ
ؽ˹ڡ
ھز˹ĵײ
ӿ崿Ůе̧⻬ѩӭǶȥԼŮ٣ʹһࡢ崿Ůһת߳лӲĵڶΡɻԱܸؽ뵽Լڡ
ھִض˹̻Բ˶ͷסŮӹ˹ӣһаؿǣѹסŮѩ׻ۡһ˿ҵ壬ѹס崿ˡߵŮһ̺Ŀɰһȵĥ
š㡢㡭㶼塭塭ˡม㡭 ̫̫šˡšááͰ
崿˵òŮɫߺ𣬽ֽ
Ů˹Ĵ۾ߣڰգѩ׵һ˿ҵĻȵ䶯С
˹еĴִߣֻһءͷŮС
Ȼֺݺݵءز˹ڡ
ʼڶμǿ崿òľɫŮ˹
Ǹֳִռߡ崿˵Ů˹ĴŮ֮ŮġǶŮ۵ġ崿Ů۵ĴŮĤˡߵ˹ǱĴŮľ޴￪ʼڶǿмòߵŮʱɫ˹ֻк߽䡢ת
㡭ᡭᡭ㡭㡭㡭롭㡢ᡢһ㡭
˹һ˿ҵѩȶߵͦӭϡ
ֻ崿˵Ů̺ߡ˫գϸڡѩ̧
ھ𽥼ӿ࣬˹Ѹٶضٶ롭
崿ľɫ毺õ̱յͨ죬һ˫ַ̧£̵ھκ󡭡
òɫŮκֻֽȵ̧񻬵ѩɣӭһ±һصشľ޴ߡ
㡭㡢ᡢᡭ㡭
ߡ崿˵Ů˹񴭡ת
̵Һй
͵ؽ£һ׻ӨİҺŮ˹Ƚխ
һɹɻճŮˮòŮ£ʪŮƬ˾ëŮѩ׵ɡ
ʪ崿˵Ůһ׵ĴŮһҺʪһƬ
ھɫ崿˵òŮ˹зضٶ
㡢㡭ᡭ㡭롭ᡭ㡭ᡭšᡢ㡭š
ᡢ崿˵ľɫ˹̵ý߿񴭡κ졢ĺߵؽתš
ᡭᡭһ㡢šม
˹˶ٶºͻȻ͵§ס˹˻ϸߺݺݵضɫ˹ضŮĽխ̻Բ˶ͷסŮ˹ỬۡߴӵġŮӹڣ˹ӹһɻȹ̵

Ůǽѩסһ˿ҵһΣխСڻ۹̵ճĤȵزײһԵؽС
ŮӹҲһɻȵŮ
ߡ崿˵ľɫŮ˹ֱڶռСʥѩ塭
崿˵Ůת߳л÷ȡٸɽ
ͽ˹һ߻¡òɫɫ㡢崿˵Ůݻھȵ񳱣ǿнϣȥıĴŮ٣ȻʼڷԵŮ彻ҽʴǵУ巼ĶǿȵС
Ůϵĸ߳۷廬󣬷ĺߣ¡
š崿˵òŮݻհ߰ߣ찮ҺƬƬ
ݻáųлеʱʹ
Ůѩ½׵ĴϵشĿ
ڽŸ߳еľɫݻȻִľ롢ߵСײġŽ˹һȽߵᴭԼѩϻһؼٵĴϢ
崿˵Ůݻɵûߺ졢˫գĳߡ
Щ⵴ȻϢݻֻղǻȲһĻ
һαһĽ롭
һαһصĳ̡
һ˲ʹмŵ
̵ִխײʱʴǵĽ͡ʵ
ȻĻϽ߳лһԵľΡ
һһĻһĻǧĵľɫǽŮǽ顭
ڱھǿмʧȥʥĴͯ꣬崿Ůݻһ鳱Ϯ²ɵ彿֣˼ κ졢̺ߡ
Ž˹ھϽĸ߳ݻֵؾԼǱ߰ߡҺƬƬĴȸֽʪ妡
崿˵ݻ޵Сߵͨ죬Ĵ۾ϡأޣĺӵòŮݻͻȻеһֻħԼǻʪҺֵĴȸġԴʥء

ݻ۵㴽ȵһ䡭
˳崿˵ľɫŮߡκ졭Ϊ֪϶ǸھֲԼȸУմԼЩ˵ĵİҺ
òɫ˵ĴŮݻǽķǽ֣ߺ߽ա
ԭھٴμ˹λɫ㡢ɫǵ崿˵ĵŮ京šεĻһԼռСһǿҵĳɾ͸ʹһаԽԽȼ㣬 һݣ˹ߵ̺Ϻŵһ˿ҡ۵ѩ׵ŮǰֵС˵һȻֵİҺ򡭡
˵ؽ⿪Ů֡ϵӿʼݻǴϽ֪ŵľɫŮ㻹ᡢߡʧȥĴ֮⺣УȻҲһռк
崿˵Ůһ˿ҡѩ׵壬ͷסǰǲΡΡͦŭʵŮһ̺졢˫Ŀɰͷ
ݻκ죬㣬һֱˮĴ۾ֻС˰˳ؿھĻһֻѱɰѩ׵Сһſġϻ
òŮһֻѩ׵Ľϵ̺ɰͷ˱彿֡ͻͻ
ھݻһ˿ҵѩ񻬵ߵǰѾɫĿѣѩ۽һ˿ҵŵϡ
ով˵ڶꡢǿ崿˵òŮ˹һԼãʱߵһŷͨ죬߽գɬΡݻ߾Ĵ۾
ǶôҲû뵽񣬱崿Ůᱻھǿмǿ˿ȵ鳱ڡѩ̧ʹлתͣӭռС
ھϴȹ˹һ˿ҵѩ񻬵ϸϣץ˹˫ѩ͸аƵСԼΪҽŶСӲ˹СС
еòŮ˹ͻȻ˫סһֻС桱ɫ绨˲ʱߵû졭
ƺǽԼ壬ԼʧȥŮͯ꣬ԼתԼߡ
崿˵Ů뵽ɵ÷ߺ죬һ˫ֲԾظֿɰġߡߣ 룬ҲǷӦð
ھһֻ˹ָ뽿òŮǻʪڣ˹Сг
š㡭㡭֡
˵ľɫŮ˹ֽת޲
ھһֻס㡢֪崿˵Ůݻһֻ۵ѩ׽꣬ͷȴݻݻ޳ϸѩȼ䡭
ͷ崿˵Ůݻʪ妵񹵡̺콿СĿɰһȵľ˱
ò崿ݻͻĴ̼Ū÷彿֣̽κ죬ӣǽ
ššš
һɡǧġ崿˵ľɫͬʱýתӿ
׵ġϻϣһ崿ɫ˷ 
ھľɫһ˿ҡƬ޴ѩ񻬵Ǵ˷һһĵ̼ѪţӽϷ
ǱŮ˹Ÿ󡢱Ӳ
˹ֻԽԽԼһ˫Сֽס֪ô졣ʱھ˹е֣˹һֻСԼĴȸУ˹ԼңȻƹ˹ѩסֱͦ񾱣§ס˹Բ磬˹ߺͳȵ͵ͨԼ壬ǰ΢΢һ͡

ߵ˹ǿҵĴ̼ܣ£ֺ棬ư͵ſʺɰӣС죬סԽԽӲ
Ử۵Сһһɬؿʼ˱
ھֱһ˿ҵ崿Ůݻѩۡ޹ǵĽ壬ỬѩηŵԼϣŮ⻬񱳿Լ֧ϣȻһ֧ߵ˹ǻʪĴȸУ˹
һ֧崿˵ݻѩ׵˸
ھͷס崿Ůݻʺ콿ۡ' ' Ļ㴽ŮǺ߽յĽݣȻסŮݻɬȡۻС࣬һ˱
崿˵Ůݻư͡ӵʴǵŮǡ
ֻѩס۵㽿۵ζֽŮ壬ݻ΢ëŮġϪݻг鶯ʱ߽յŮݻ'ӡ' 
һлŮݻ˹òɫ崿һɹճӨİҺˮһԾɫʪһƬ׵Ĵ
šš
ߵ˹ڽ
š
崿ɰݻڽӡ
ߵ˹崿˵ݻòɫѩϵͷԽԽӲԽԽͦ
ǵ顰ټ⡱߳˵Ϻ졭
ھҲǱɫ˹ʺС캬סŮ۽С˱£ԽԽͣѿƲסɫг鶯ָѽ崿ݻ§סŮѩ壬Բ񻬵޳ѩȷֿԼϣȻ˹ӣסݺݵ崿˵Ůݻ嶥ȥ

ݻɬһ䡭
ؽ뵽Ůڡ
ʼŮǡųĽխڳ
㡢㡭ᡭᡭ㡭š㡭š롢㡭 ᡭᡭһ㡭š
ݻǻӲؽʵСխһĲ롭̵Ů
崿˵ľɫŮݻһ˫ѩź۲ھľϣԼѩ۵һԡ١ѹھĥ۽ͦɰĽСͷĦھŮʺС컹ھһ𡭡
ھһֲֻ˹ڳ鶯һֻ˹ѩ۵ġ١顭
š㡢ᡢᡭһ㡭šᡢᡭ㡭šš
˹Ҳ̣ýת۵ۻ屻ָĲŪ̧ͦΡ
ھٶκ̲סһϵ崿˵ľɫŮݻһ˿ҵѩ׵ʥѹڴϣض ݻ
˶̵ĹͷסŮǻ۵ӹڣһݻӹһɹ̵

ݻĻ֣߽䡭
һŮҲݻǻӹӿŮŮС
崿˵òŮݻ㣬κ졭ӣ使ӡ
šššม
ھͬʱӿߵľɫŮ˹г鶯ָٶȣһݳͲ壬ɫŮ˹ǽۡѩһȵ䶯Ρ
ڣ˹йܱ󡢻ճŮγŮϵ߳
ššš
ߡ˳˹崿˵ݻ㡢ɫľɫ߻µľŮֱھǿмռ׵ʥ塭
ߡ崿ˡߵľɫֱھǿת
ɡǧġ˳ľɫûͷĶھˡ
ֻòɫ崿Ů䶼ƬƬҺˮ߰ߡ


158 Ƕ
ھ˯ϣٽ֮ϣٽһʼ޿䣬˵Ҫȥھ֮˵˵ټϣȰ˵Ů˸ӦھŮˡ
ţھҲ뿪ˣ㿪ʼһʱΣȥ̨ú˳ǩ¼õԱ
ܿģھŷɻ̨壬̨ĵһ£ҪһˣǡǶ
ǰھ°Цͳϲ˳ǶھҪȥ
λ̨ʡһʡϽУΪ̨ʡߴУǵƽ塪˹סأǵصĺȦĳУǱ̨翪ĳС
ʱרھѾרǶҡ
ʱڳϣھԼϣдųǶոմӸбҵûϹѧһҪһԱﵱƽģ׬ǮҾ̫ãһС˾ְԱĸ׿һ͵꣬һ׬ǮڣҲס
ھϣеЦԽŨˡ
һ·˳ǶſڣǶסһȽƾɰСֻɵĹԢԢǳǶĸ׿ĳ¼͵꣬¥ϵĶ¥ͳǶңھϴīñӣ߽ⶰԢһǰǶݵɡ㵹˵Ķܣھͺ˷ܣǶǸʲôأ
ˡھ˳Ƕҵķš
ſˣһʮ꿪šɻؿһھ˵˭
ھ΢Цϵī˵ãҽھҡ
ھھ
Ǹʱɴ۾ָھеǴھģҼˣ
ιιλֵܣС
ھæס˵ҽҳǶģڼ𣿡
Ҫҽ㣿ǿɣɣ
ǶĵܵܣǹҳΪС£СؽھӣȻ˵裬㣬Ҽˣ
ھ˿䷿ӣӵҲ̫СһɨĵҲɾֻǼҾЩ¾ˡ
ţһ긾ŮһӾ˳ھ˿ǣĵӦþǳǶĸĸˡ
°ְ˵ӣô¶ʲôҼˣ
Ǻǣ
Сָھ˵ھǸݶھ

°ְֺͳϳھ˵ھ
ǰĸ
ھͷҽҳǶģ֪ڲڼң
ȻڼңӦû˯ڵģأ˯
ۼԼҵæȥгǶ°ְָæھ£Ȼͳһ̵ݸھ
ǸллҲ̣
ھ˵
Ǻãӣȥˮ
°ְֶŶ˵һ䣬Ŷھ˵Ǹ֪ǼǶʲô¶
ھҪ˵ʱ򣬳Ѿͷɢֻűص˯µĳǶ˳
ھųǶֻȻΪո˯ѣûлױŵȴȻɼǴʱϴųԾ֮ɫò¶ȱֵഺ٣Ҳʮ˾ͣ޳񻶯ˣһԸ߸͹飬ھԵͷĵǰĺŮȻмζ
ôʹ˯¾ͳˣ
°ְüͷ˵
Ǹ˵ھҼˣҾ
ǶЩͷ˵ȻԼĸ׺ܾη
ûϵҲЩˣ
ھǺһЦ˵ҽ˵ǩԼǶǩ뵽ҵĹ˾£
ʲô
¼Ŀ˵ʱһ
ǵķӦھԤϵСھʱһЦһ˵֣ҽһ£Ѷ˾ھѶרŰװˣΪǶǱʲ뽫ǶǩԼҵĹ˾ҿԱ֤ǶΪǣô򵥣
ھ˵λ¼ĿǳĬˣھʮƣĵѵǾͲܱĸʲô
Ǹھ㡭˵ҪǩԼң
Ƕԥһ£Щؿ˵ȻʱΪԼΣǣոߺ졢ھһܵԼ˵ҪǩԼԼڸβࡣ
ǰȷʵҪǩԼ㣬Ƕвĸǿ£
ھ΢Ц
°ְֺͳҲǳԾ֣ôܵԼͨ˼˵ҪǩԼԼŮʲô
Ǹ
°ְֿˣ˵ǩԼʲôϸڣǼǶʲôأ
˵ҵľ˾¥£ͬǿ
ھ˵ţóֻ
ܿģ˳Ƕļͬ˳¼˿
¼˿֮󣬵ʱĿɿڴ̫ˣ
ͬ˵ǩԼʱֻ꣬ҪǶǩԼ̨֤֧ҵǩԼ𣬲ҲòμκƵȻ˾ŬǶ֤Ůǣպĸֱաɹ˾ͳһңڹ˾ԼĻӵй˾Ĳָɹơ
֮ͬ󣬳ǶĶˣõԼĺ뵱Աɰײɣ¾Ըĸ˵Լɣ
СȴȽе֣裬ͬ˰ɣ̨ҰǼһˣҽҲԳΪǣͬ˰ɣ
°ְֺͳȴЩԥΪ˵֪նôõԼǰö϶ЩӦӲϾ
ƺ̫ˡԼ򸾶˺ܲ

ԥһ£˵˵򡭡ǩԼ϶𣿡
Ȼ֣ܶ
ھ΢ЦŶ˹ָͷ΢ЦŴӰóһ֧Ʊݸ衣
°ְֺͳ迴֧Ʊɫ仯򰡣ԼһҿɾͲˡ
£°ְתͷʳǶǶ¶⣬ǩǩ
Ƕһԥ˵Ҫǩ
ھϵʱ¶Цݡ


159 ͳǶԷϣ
ǩԼ˳Ƕ֮󣬵ھǶϣپƵԷ
ĺŲ̛ôꡣӻδߵĵط͹أǺлл㰡
ǶϴһĵھǮģŸߵҺƷζ͵ĵƹµĳǶ̬ȡƤ޳Ըеزʱ¶ôĸ߹ţʹԵøׯ
ųǶŵӣھЦϲԺٴģ
ǺǣҾллˡҰ迴龰һ˵
踸ŮĸŮܺá
ǵȻˣҰְȻʱͦͦǸʲôģҰĵ׺ܺãҸǹػ
ǶҸ˵
ĺĽǣʱ߱ʲôǿ
ھһ˵һ߽Ȼ֣ʿǶ¡
ԺھţźһƿĲƣʱ򲻴ͰţźͺΪ˺ƺ󰲾վһԣ˿ûΪھ˶࿴һۣϣپƵԱɴ˿ɼһߡ
ǶŵضƱӳǶһ£ھ֮ǰھƱһ£е˳űǻƢȻһںƣúڿǻڶͣƬ̣ͷϴʹйٳƣȫ£һС
ǰĲƣ
Ƕ¾Ʊŵسھ˵
Ǻǣ벻㻹ƷƣȵŮѾˡ
Ƕһ죬ȻɬΪղŵƵʱˣ
Ƕشھ̲סЦԱߵķҲǿЦ
˵ȺкܶĽҲ֪ǲģ
Ƕ
ھݸ¾ƱòͽմմǵʵȺҪȵ飬ãȵúҲͷҷ˱ǣȵҺҲһûζ--ȻѾȦԺ󽫻ܶ罻ϣ֪֮ʶҪ֪һЩҲ˾ȣһƯĻƿѡ
ҺǣⷽĲ
Ƕܼ򵥵ģúҪúƵգҪĲ衣Ϊһƿͨǳģոմʱζ֣ʱҪѡ֧ƣڽƵ뾫ѾԴʮӣƵζɢȥѾһҪþƺͿĽӴ󣬺Ƴ֮Ũζ¶ʱĺƾͺԡϵļһɫ󣬷˱ǣ̬欵ξƷ
˼˵ƿ֮ǰѾˣ
Ƕ
ھ˵ͷȻʱ䱦ʱһЩʱǿԽһЩϸ֦ĩʡȥġ-Ϊ˵ԽԽã
ھǶƺЩ׽ͺô򵥣ȴв²͸ھָʲô
ǣ˵̫ˣƵѧҲ̫ˣһʱ仹ײˡ
ǶЦ
ʵЩ֪ʶҲҪ̫׵ġֻҪܾˣ
ھ־𱻷ľƱǶ˿ɱ
΢ЦƷһ±кơ
¾Ʊھֵ˵ﻰĺܸмһİҲССһͲܴʲôȴҵһ⣬㳨ʱ̡
˵գڿдһָ
žָһСڲƮǶԻתȥȴһβССٳ˹
ǶоԼ·ڿտĹʷĲɣɣƺǶŽĴϡõĶܹ˵ĹõҲˣ˶ڶ˵·ұСһλð硣
ֻеھǺЦ·ؿǰһĻ
һˣܰѻȸ Ǻܿ조ž
Ƕͷ˰ƣ·붨еǾѹγѣ
Сǳʿس˾ϹĿͣھϵҪһ𣿡ھˣлл
̫ˣΪҵҡȻΪλƯС࣬Ҹ֮
Աϣֽס࿴˳Ƕһۣò¡
ôҵ㻹ϲɣ
ھųǶȻ
ôǺǣϲĺϲǣ鷳
ǶЦ۾Զ¶һ˿ֵ顣
ھ˳ĿȥֻԶжּ߹Զ̽ͷ̽ԣָָ㡣ǸղĳЩġС˹


160 ͳǶԷ£
ԱǷҲѰǸ˵ĳǼ٣˾ǰһھ˵ҪҪ֧λСˣ
ھ΢΢һЦˣȫɣ
ʲô
ΪԼˡ
ǶҲȵؿھ
ǹԶ°˲£㲻ıֽϾʲôˣ
ھƶ
ǶŻȻ
ھʾ£˹ȥЩ˵˼䣬ϣͼЬϲؿűʼǱ˹
ã
ã
ǣھȻˣҪҪõ㶫͡
˰˼ŽзȣˣһǾ񿴼˹һΨֶ㲻
ˣллǣǴͲǲӦ
ھĹģЩһƤȳǽ񣬴ﵽǹ뾳ǾȻЩССĲ˼ˡ
ǺðɣҿǵӺкܶҪʣֱ˵һ޲
߻࿴һۣһļ˵ģǿλСһͲͣǺ棬֪ʲôˣ
ҪǷŵɷϣһʺԷ裬Ȼһ¡ھϾһˣֻ̬ȼ˵벻Ҫᣬ֮ԵλСԷΪΪǹ˾ֻڽһͨĽ
Ŷԭ
ñˢˢھ˵ݡ
λСʲôƬô
һòǻ۲صĹŴŮ
ʲô֮ͬ𣿡
ǺǣԶ׼ֻҪ˶ܵĳ
ǶЦˡϾǶģǶţԲʲôСѼ
ôСհ
ҿ⻹Իشǰɡ
ھʾǶվܼǵķʡ
Ƕ̰ǰȻ˵ԼǸǣʵȴ׵СԱ࣬ûʲôֻǱ˵ƿ˰ȥȻ侹˼ǲɷõĶּĸоЩ޴롣
С㣬հ
߼ʵ
ҽгǶӢJoe ChenǽǶҲԣ
ǶһԼҪ˵Ļ˵ꡣ
ȫǺЦڳǶһνܲɷõŮЩǼֲˡȻ˵ҪΪܹھĴﹲͣôƯڴҲʽ򡪡ûżֵ
ǻźʵǶС㣬Լڵҵʲô
Ұ
Ƕ侲࣬շ죬ؿһԱߵھȴھЦЦؿͺһԾһ
ǶȻ˵ǧɲܱСˣʵҲǿǹģϷҵѹܴҺԼﲻ̺ĳȻʡҲȻһһˣڱݸû̫ľ飬˵һ仰־¾ɣֻҪ¾ȥһкܴջ񣡡
裿
㿴ңҿ㡣ڳǶͻȻðʡʻ㡱е˼
ǶȻܹӵôõıݻᣬҪлһˣǾǰңңĪĵھõˣҲˣҪ˰ʱллл㣬
Ƕھл
һ̵ĳǶԼڿ˷ŵĽźͲԵô󷽵壬ֽŮԹе˳
ƺҲǶĻشЦȻܲܰһడ
Ƕͷھ֪ܶȦĴϰǲϲϱֽģ˵ˡ
˭֪ھȻһЦкβɡ
ǰ§סǶ磬΢Цڳһϼػľơ
Ƕ磬ֻһƽԼǵľͷ¶Լĵ΢Ц
žһܵӡ˵ƬУɣ⽫Ϊ۵š
һ̳Ƕھи˼
ǶֻԼһǰһж̫ͻȻˡ
ھȴڰЦ˭ֻ֪ʵԼ͸Ƕ
ﲻܻعͣЩýĹУܲɷõĻ⣬һеһжֻһĿģϧԼǶ



161 ռгǶϣ
극ھųǶƵ￪ķ䡣
͵ھ˳ƽŹϣǶۼھˣһ죬ЩȻ
ھſ˵ŮǶھеһȻĶһǰס˳Ƕ˵ǶҰ㡭
ǶȻھסǳһ£ûжˡжھѾ˺øУʱȻû
ھۼǶȻûٺһЦһѱסǶŵϣȻѹԼ·˵Ƕҵģ
ţھ֣⿪˳Ƕϵ·
ʱһѩ׽۵չھǰֻǶ۵һһǷѩ飬˵ͷ٣ϸСӣɰˮ޳Ըеķ۴ȣԼŮһƬŨܵëӵ֮չŶ˵ھʱ俴ûĶѡ
£ھһڳĭһߵĳǶٺһЦٿ֡鰮ֵòַһһϡ
Ƕֻһһ˵Ŀе̼飬ʱ㱻ھ˿ġ͸ӭֵ׼
ھԼҲǣ̲סˣݺ˵ϣֿһ˫þĶǵķȡ÷λҪǰһУ˵ţһ֮ͦƽ塭

ǶһҲ֪ǽѵתһˬȾ
ھͻ˳ǶĴŮĤеǶʪޱȣһȵĤչݏһСڹͷϲͣŪšھסǶϸһͦҺȫ˽ȥ
ųǶ΢üԱ¶δзھٶȣֽסĴƨɣＷĦܴ󣬴ĿС鶯ʮ£ǶüͷۣɫЩߺ죬˵ھǻƣ̼ھӲø
ھСĽóǶС֭ܶ࣬ʪֽĿھûᵽģԾذ𽥼Ӵٶȱ졣ǶϾ٣ھϣʹ˵Сʌ¸ͻӭھĴ۸§סھĲӣҲͣŤš
ҡҪĴ󡭡ˡม桭á㡭塭áҡˡššᡭһܡ̫ˡҡ⡭С¡Ƶġ
ھͣس鶯ţֱóǶѡ˺еú
ֻǶڡҵţ沿ıˣU졢ĿգھѪš٣Ȼظ
ǶĴƨҲǰʶһһߵӭھĳײ
ܡҪѡҡ塭ˡมáˬࡡܡ塭áҡÿࡡมมˡǶҪˡС¡ܡܲˡมáܡȡءҡˮЩ١塭ҪȻҿɡܲˡġš
ܿ죬Ƕ˸߳Σͣѹ漴һӻӿھĹͷϣȵķǳ
ھѹųǶ§鶯żͣĸ߳þһ㣻ָ鷿ӣܵᡣǶڳüįýŵϲãʹ΢΢У˵ߣĻԵĵ̬ɧ¶ǡұˡѩ׷¡ھĲŪҡţ۵˫ھǰҡΣʹھɢҡ
ΣǶĸ߳ƽϢۺؿھھḶ̌ʵǶ𣿡
ǶʱȫУšܣû壬
ھŵһΰɣ
˵ţھɷ˵ڳǶǶ̯ڴھϸھγߣ˫ַǸʱ鷿ţڳǶ⻬۵ϸš
ǶѾù飬ѩ׵СֹھĲ΢ϣסھһеظܵ˳츾ĵǵ̬ϸԲķζƽ̹⻬Сһо۵ס
ھ˳ǶԲĴȣǶڴգھֿ޳ȣС﷢꼱ٵھڳǶ۴ȼ䣬ܵסԼǸǵе㷢ʹĴڳǶڣﾭھŵһ壬ˮ磬ʪһƬˡ
ھָֿմҺͷؼ˽ȥһӴھоǶ߳Ќ¶ȻһһɰҺӿ˳ٿǶ졢գСſšһ


162 ռгǶ£
޵ĳǶұˮ۲˹ԼܿǸ߾˴ִԼǾÿĽխС¸ղô԰ȫؽȥ
ھڳǶעһͦߣųǶĺ߽ھĴǵøˡ
ǶܵԼܿͱˣƱǰֳͣʵĸоɵýгھʼŻʱĿӿΪһŮˣǶǿҵظܵǸĴ׳ȣղŸǴ˼֣ذѩ֬Ĺ⻬̧ھϡ
׸硭šѽô֡ô󡭡汻ˡ
ſڽд䣬ǶʺӣھסˣĶС˱СھſڳǶ޳Ĵȼ䣬ʶŴƨɣʼس
ܡš󱦱СҵġСˡźߡܡ׸硭ܡҵС»ġĴ󱦱á顭ˡ졭졭ҡҪ׸硭š׸Ĵ󱦱š졭ҡҵС¡ššҡ׸硭šѽָоáมѾܾáûû¡ġζˡˬˬҡˡܡٿһ㡭šŶŶ
ŽţǶʼҡھĳͶֱͦھĿھ⻥
Ƕ޷ƵšŤţһǿ˷̼˰Сµیﴫ鲻Խʶѩ׵Ĵƨӭգ۵ȣﱻ飬ھĸŪھҵزš
šš׸硭󱦱׸硭ššҺมššҵС¡Ŷš׸ĺðҴûûôˬšҡ벻׸ˡššҪܸĴ󱦱춼ҵС¡šҺˬŶ̫ˡС̫ˡš
ھſڳǶѩ׻ϣƷڳּ뽿ôĻӦסԼýšӭţŨŨ˽
ھǶǷۡˮմʪûĴƨɣӿӺ˳͡Ƕţ޹ǵ̱ڴھځѣ뿪ϣץסھļϸС֫סŤ޳Ĵȱñֱ
ǶǶġС¡ࡡšСֽеҵıมʹ졭ššҪǶŶšҪݺݵظɡǶġС¡
ھһ߸ɣһڳǶ¸ţ˫ס飬ǶǶѩԲĴɢ㣬̼ھͦԽԽ죬ɵǶҲԽԽ
׸硭Һˬɡ׸áš׸硭ҡҡܲˡҪŶҪˡˡŶҿˡšҡʹ졭ˡҡҪˡ
Ƕòãҵġҵľòá
ھо޵ĳǶԼٵûɢˣﻬˮסھĴس壬ÿһ¶ѴͷǶδνѳǶһһĸ߳Ƕûо˷ܵĸֻ߳ԺһƬңܵ˽ţѩ׵޳֫ϵھ
ھķ£ǶΣʱѶýƣ㺹죬̯ڴϡһֳҲھ˫ޱȣشڵľҺƹضˡ
Ƕ졭СŤҪˡ
Ƕһ֪ھҲҪﵽ߳æƴͦΣСؼҧھļͣǶǶҪҪˡҶˡˡ
ھһ߽кһ߷ͱš
ҰɣѽӲͰ
ھؽǶѩ׵Ĵƨ̧˴齣ǰûͦ˼£ѴͷǶӹڡ
ھֲԼһ̵Ĺ򣬽еһpԼıϣеҡҺááˬҡҿ졭Ҫ̡סˡ䡭ˡھĴһز˼£ȵľҺӹͷۿɽȵҽȫעǶӹ
ǾͷŵĻһɽһɵػڳǶĻûо˰Ѵ뵽Լôĵط侫˿˿ȥĸоóǶѸٵһȸղŸǿҵĸ߳
ѽ׸硭׸硭Һ׸硭ҡҪŶҪˡˡŶҿˡšҰˡʹ졭ˡҡҪˡ
ǶذھýģŤ˷Ĵƨɣ۵צƵĲϵھ˿زšŴһͬ꾳硭
κǶĻǲŴϷϸϸ̱ھ͸˷ָԼҵ㷢ˮұ˵ؿھ˺ܸ߳ϡ


163 ̨һŮǾ
ھ˯˳Ƕ󣬳ǶҲھĺ󹬣ھĿ̨һŮǾ
ѾԼǾĿǰ̨һŮǩԼԼԷ
ǾʱʮͷһŮĻƽʱ⣬Ůζʱ򣬵ȻھĻ˵һ׵׵ŮھҲ֪ǾڵĵλҲͲμһķ֣Ѿ˯Ľ׶Σƾ棬׬統ȻҲȫûг̨ʱҪԷʲôǰүúϰһһǧۣǾ϶Ҳһļ۸ֻҪӶԷȨƶǾļ棬һǼľƵ꣬εһ˲࣬Ǿֻ˾ˣھҲֻ˻һھ˵ǾС㣬Ĵ棬ʵ̫ˡô¶ǵĿ佱ǾҲֻ¶Цݣһ߹󲻿׵ģƵھ֣ϵĵܣˡȵǾջֵʱ򣬷ھûֵ˼ھֶֻ˵һֻţһֻ֮ǾֱصĦռı˹ǾѾܾûô¶ǵˣһʱ֮䲻֪ôӦãǾľŴͣô˵ھҲôһҵӰ˾ϰ壬ôûŮ˵ĳһŤͷʵûƭңǵϰЦһ£٣һһǾĺ˫Ӯ£ܾܲôֻǰ˵ϰ壬̸С
Ľ֣ھΪ⣬ҲǹһŮˣӣһ۸һСѣװʲôβǵȻھò̾Ǿĺԣھղô¶ǵĵϷһ㲻ɫûв˵ղʲôҲûзھ£ھЦʵǾھ֪ٱ飬޵ΪάԼֻܵһжûзΪ̨һŮֱΪĻŮ֮ûмôεɫǣںɫʶʱҲһĶŵ˷ֱ£ھǾţȻھЩУǾҲ֪˭˵˭вҲЦԶԡ
ھղô¶ǣ΢ЦŵС㣬ϲֱֱȥҾֱˣ⣬ʲôʱǩԼ
ǾһЦάֲסһ˵̸жȥģҪһʱ˫ӴǸտʼûдЭ飬ҪǽӰ˾ͷ̫ĲμҪ֪һѾ̨ңҪ˽³ϣǸߵľ˽ھļ棬ֻǿǵԺܻǩԼϰһӡǰӴһ¶û뵽ھôֱӣ£ûʼֱǾľ˺ǿЩΪǾľˣҵںߵԷΪһ£˶ٳ棬ܶ鶼ǽӽſʼھûӹֱǩԼ飬Ҫ֪ҲǺأЩôҪ֪Ǿڵķ֣ϯֻҪһֺôѵǩԼǮĻᣬҪǾôӦﻹĺôǲǾڣǿ˵ܣǩԼ²żǾǽѣȳԷȳԷ̧ͷ˺ǿһۣ֪˲ھǿҪǾܵĻھŮӣһˣʱ򿪿ڣȻھʲô˵ķݣĴȥǿɫͨ죬ܾûܵôˣŭվʲô˼
ھͷҲû̧ĵ˵ʲôķŹƨں˵ûʲô
ǾЩ㶣û뵽ղſôɫˣȻ˵ͷ
ǿЩɵۣ˹Ҫ֪Щˣеʱ˻ܵӣܶ¶ҪͨǲŰɣûǿתͷܣϰǸʲôҪĻٷҲȳˣͬҲÿˣǲǩ
ʲôҲû˵ֲھЦǾС㣬Ҳ˼𣿡
ǾҲû뵽ôתֱ£ԽļҲǱкܴҵҲƿӰûʲôһֱԵӾ̨гô㣬ûеͻƿڵĻò˶þͻᱻȡ½ޱȵгĳ·Ȼ½гҲôýҪѰһʵĹ˾ҵһ棬ӰһõĺھֱӿʵʱȻھʼĺɫЩСҲ˳ƴӦϾ½չǴƣҶԷҲܲǿķӦԤ֮У£ȻҪԳԼãΪȡھķͳԤϣ벻ǣ̶̼仰Ĺһʼվ͵Ȼ޴棬˫˲ɵ͵ĵزǾһֱԴǻƣھôʱ֪Էһ򵥵ˣ뱳϶ĳ棬ȻôôʲĹ˾ŲûУôŵˣû˵жھһĶӵܣһ㶼һԾŶԼľԶ׼¡


164 ɱǾ
ǴӸϣԼľˣϾ˫ʶʮ꣬˺üˣ۴˽˵ĸ飬ǴӹԼİǾ˵ܣ˼ҵľˣ԰
ǿһʤЦݣңҾͰơ
ھûȻЦԽЦԽͷԣԷǲǷ˺ð죬ھͣһѾһˣϰ壬ǵ鷳Ҫ˹Ȼھûʲôݻóֻһ绰̨ھи鷳һ¡Էͨ˶ԼԼٰܾûˣʲôùյġ̨̨ӵ̨ƽھ档Ҫһˣ̨˵̬ŵôˣھͬǿǹҽϯѣʹԼ;һҲпԼȥϵˡ
ںھ򽻵ʱ̬һֱֵĺܵ͡ھҲܻ£Ͷ棬˽ﻹ͸ٵĺô˵ںݵıСţھźõġôһйϵǮл˵ĸȻҪˡ
ھЦݺۣƽݺܾˡ̨̨رܿģһĵ飬Ҫæˡ
ƽԥĵʲôܰæһ岻ݴǡ
һ̨Աҵǰʴʣ˵ʲô¡֪ҶЩܷУˣܵ½ǮʵҺ
ھһֱ򶨵ǾͺǿɫڱˣȻ֪ھٸ˭绰ĸ̨̨ҪϢȥڴ½ͳˡ
ȷʵʺ½չ˼Ƿɱ
ƽҲһ򵥵ˣȻᱻھĻԻ˽²ԷпܵھҪԷɫǶν಻ɱһԱͲǸھЦŵԣǷɱȫɱǾǸСɵԱ
ƽֱӴӦû⣬ҼסˡӦþͲڵƷϢˡ
̨һ仰ͿԷɱһˣ˵ھҳһɣûɱ˭ҲǷַ¡
ȵھҶϵ绰Ǿͺǿûлعղŵ飬ģٵģ
ǿǿſ־壬Ц֪ĸ̨̨ɱǣǺǣǸ𣿡
һֱڵƽ̨̨ĲҶ˵ˡ
ھӴ绰󣬺һжûзȲ裬鵹£ʵƲǾֹߵëԱ˵ĺǣż񣬵ǶھݵʲôϷӶѼǧٹ̵˼룬Ӱźܶ˵ǰΪСϰյھЩԱظУݸеĻ˽Ա˵ʲôҲǣЩƯŮˣżѡǰôϲ֥֮Ҳһϻ顢Ѱˡ
һģھǰǻƣװʲô߹ھô̵ôʱ䣬֮ԴһſʼͲ棬͸Ǿļ̬йأ
÷Աʼϲˣھûˣ಻ŶҪģܿǾͻ֪ЧӣھͿĿԣʲô˹ģʲô󣬶˼ǾͺǿЩɵƭǣҲòƭǣֻһͻӦĿΪģţôܳԸѾǳô鷳
ǿʱĿϷӲĵһ̨̨½ǫ̂ܵòú£ǲ̨չط̨еǡ
ǿһֱǾƣҲǾԭھû˵ְ׳¶һмı飬Ϊ½ĵ̨̨һ𣿸Դ̨Ҵ̣ʡ
йĵ̨ƵģĺࡣҪĲҵӯ٣ǿ쵼⣬Źǰ;ʰؼҡжΪ¼̨жΪع¼ͣĵ̨ԶԻĵĵ̨˵ǮǮǵ£ʣʲôʲôǵﶼһ˳ӡ
һ֮ھ¿ӣֽ˲죬վܣʲôʱԼˣǼҡ
æվھ͵ſվſڣھͷһЦ浱Լˣľ͸ɴ㣬ʲô
仰ڳȥһ߲Ǳо޴С
ھʽˣߵʱʲôҲû˵ֱӵζ˿һھǰװ̫֪Ȥˡ


165 
ھ̨ǱǾͺǿܿͳԵͷڴ½ĺܻĵӾ磬ͻȻ֮ˣǢ̸ĵ̨Ҳ׷׾ܾⲻǿʼžǾĹ棬ϴˮģµģķ׷ױͣԭѾ̸õսĿҲ绰֪ͨȡˡ
̶ʱ䣬ǾйһеĻȫͣ˸е־ǣѾ̸õĴԣҲ𽥵ȡ֮СҪ֪룬ǵӾ粻ǵӰǹ棬Ҫû˹泧ҵôһ벻˵ȵףܳʱ䶼ָ
ǾסıǿĴŵ绰Ҫ֪ǾҵѾ½תƣڵڵͷһӣôȥĻ˲˵ȥҲ˶پŻڱ½ɱ֮ҲûлָԪֻ̨ССг˻죬ܿ͵һ߸ֿɣ˵Ѿ˵ô½гµĽ׶Ρ
ãǿͽ޹ķ˵绰ǾʵԷô˵
Ҫ֪ǿղŴϷһʡ̨쵼Ҳǿʼھ绰ɱʱмһ˵ԭǿĹϵҲɱԭ
ǿεҡҡͷɥһ취ûУǵ̨˻ˣûеõϼ֪֮ͨǰһų֣ڷɱ
ǾЩɵۣеĵûкͶԷͣû˵ЩۣⶼǶԷҡ
ǿҡҡͷûãʵɱԭ򶼲ֻ֪֪Ǵ쵼˻ˡ
Ǿһƨɳϣôһ취Ҳû𣿡
ǿɬĵûа취½гȫˡ
ʱ򣬺ǿĵ绰Է˵˼䣬ǿܾû˵ˣЩˣǶԷǼľܾˡ
Ǿ˲õԤУʵôˣ
ǿɫ԰׵ĵǽĵĵӾ˵绰ȡ˺ǵĺԼ
ʲôôӰ̨Ĺ˾
ǾŵĵڵĵӾ翴׼ĶǴ½гǱɱϢѾǡðպǺһ½Ӿ磬ǵʧʹˡ
ǿʱ׶Էʲôزһ绰˵ҵ׹˹ȵס
ǿ촽һʼ
䣬ǿĵ绰ϵղŵĵ绰һźţһһĵ绰֪ͨǿȡǾҵϵ
ȵ绰ڰ˲ŷ֣еĺԼĿӾ磬ӰͬҪ죬˻Ϊ˽ˡǰһУ͸ݵӰһ̫ˡ
֪һжģΪϼ仰ܾ˶ԷҪ󣬾ܵı˿ɬĿ˱˴һۣ֪ԷĻԥʹӦˡ
ʲôȨƣھ͸һΣȨƵ**Ĺھһ㣬˶Էƣ֪ЩȨԴͨİգֶֻҲֻе21֮ĳ֣ṩ˶ļֶΣŸڷйŭŻô಻ƽعǰЩûʵ϶Ǵţֻǹע㣬һľѾе鶼ѹ
ǰھҲһƽͷϰգյĴ֮£ĻᣬȻҲҪ԰һ¡ֻûжͨ˷˳ֶѣȻ˽ĶǴǾɫ
ҲھĺÿĴĺÿ԰ھĲˣĺÿ㻹԰ڣûд󱳾Ҳ٣ھȻǲˡ
Ȼû죬ǾǱʵǲˣҵ
ǿſǻˣҪǾôһԺҲȦˣûĸǸˡ
ǰɥĺǿ¶һ˿ЦǰԼԼǵʱǿһţģôţˣҪ֪ھĿģļˡ
Ǹھһ绰
٣龭Ҫ
ھûˣ˵ڱ
ڱǿڼھȥ˿һڵʱ䣬ھˡǾĹڵͣڣҺ黹ûͱҪý֪ˣصضûˡ
ھڿŵӣͷû̧
ԱųǶһ۵ιھˮھܣԼĿɬǿдһĳ嶯
٣춼ҵĴŹǡ
ǿĵ
ǶֵĿһˣһ˭ôôҡ
ھЦЦһӣң˵֪ˣʲôȥˣ
Ʊǿǿֻõ٣˲С˹Ȩһƨҷˡ
ǶЦ
ھĳǶͷ֪ǰʲô𣿡
Ƕҡҡͷ
ھǾľˣܿң˵ֻ㣬ǲֻ
ǶŴͣģǾľǾ˭̨ǣŮ˵żľǽֵģһǩԼû뵽ô֪վھǰһıǿǵĺģüζ뷢𣬿ĵͷ٣˵ǣҾһֻ
ھЦǶ죬Լг
Ц֮ھı˵֪ԼֻܹʲôϴǾԼ
ǿҲµˣ鲻ΪԼһ仰ôھҪûие⣬·ӣھҪˡ
ǿĵͷǣǣһϹ
ھЦһɫô磬ʲô
ǿĿھھϰ˵㣬·ǿǾȷʵкĸ飬Ͼཻʮ꣬һˣΪܸǾŸָķ֣űǾ͵ģϾǾѾ˿˯ʱѾˡ
ھҪ;òԣϸһ룬޾ӿھ˼ʲôл·Եİʾ
ǿҪ󺰣ҪңⲻϵǾһˣϵԼƣδ
ھ·ûпıסˣ˵㲻Ҫٵˣ


166 Ȱ˵
ǿʧǵ߳˱Ͷھĵ׼Ǳھ⵱ͷһӴεı仯ôô죬ϴμʱԼֺĸĶû߳˲䣬ˣһûԼĲԣûзǴγͻھҲűĽڣǾȻ㲻ֻԼùĳ嵽ǰߣ˼ƷһԼǾĺҲߵ˾ͷʲôԭǾҲһԼô鷳˿Ц̾ɱԼĸһֻһ
ڵص㲻ǸлԼҪȥȰǾô
˿쵽̫Լʱ䲢࣬ץʱȥǶǿôģھǰԼְֻھҪȥȰǾŵʣǺǿǾľˣ
ھûпڣһԵٰ
ô
Ƕʵ
ȻĵܣѾˡ
Ƕвھ
ھЦŽ§ĺúøң뿪ʱ򣬻һƵİš
ЦŵС㣬ܷ͵ź족ǶĵЦˣЩ֮䲻ɵھĲȻкĸдԼôĵģأ󻹵ֲھһ仰ԭȦǾҪھҡͷЦЦںôԼһǴѡ
ǾڼнĵȴǿŻˣʮƴ˸ָĴۣ˽ĵλ뵽ԼҵҪһһجεĸоǺǿǵãҪ죬ô֣ǩ˺ͬԼһɳ졣
Ǿ֪ԼľƯ֮Լûκεر𣬲úϼֹʾǱȣǺ俣ЩǱȣԼкܴľ롣ԼֻģسһԱһԱǴӫĻǣʲǫ̂һŮͷĲСʵϸûʲôʵʵǾ߰ţûյ򶨣ʲô鶼ʧͺһԹһ
ڵȵ˺ǿǾûȺǿ£ͽʵ磬ôԷô˵ģ
Ǿŵı飬ǿȺȱˮںϸ˵
ǾȻܽĵĵһǿѾһ·˸ָдʣǿǾ֮󣬲֪ôģǿ˿ڡ
ǾʵڽĲˣǿڣɥĸо˼ɳϣſǻѵǻϷŹǵʲô
ǿûڳĬȥɤЩɳƵĵҼھ
Ǿһ̧ͷϲĵģô˵
ǿһڴɫǾζӳµĵҪȥǸ
û⣬û⣬ǵǸȥȥ
Ǿ˵վҪǵǸܽµĻ̫ҲԱ˻Ҫά𣬿ھһжҪһСŮȦôãܶ鶼ˡǵǸʲô˵ĺǿżǾڵã鲻ô򵥵ġ
ǾĿźǿ˲õԤУǿôԿڣ˵ԷбǺѽܵ
ǶԷĺͬѹûµģֻҪԷϿǾʹӦǵ̫ˣֻҪʧ棬ҲԽܡ
Ǿǿҡҡͷ˵ǾɫЩ԰ף磬˵ھô
ǿ۾һһĵϰ˵ȥ
ǾŵĿźǿཻʮѣ˼ܵˣҲ˽ˣΪʲôԼľ˴ǵǶԷûû˸ԼЩ˵ķ֣߸ԼһЩ߰ˡû뵽һӺǿ仰
磬Ҳף˵һ顭
Ǿ
زѾûĿܺǿ뵽ԼܿͲǾľˣҲӵЩǣںǿԼǾǾԼЩԼûһл¡ȥ㻻·ȥ
ǿ˵ֲ֮һĻᣬҲǶԷΨһ治ܵӰ졭
Ǿҡҡͷ磬֪ģҲôġ
ǿãһûʲô˵ģ㲻Ҳôġ


167 װʲôŮ
˸ճʱɫˣԽԽǾҲʼԺΪģǲԸЩõĻ䡣
еʱǾһͨģأ㻻·ʱ򣬻ױʦˣվԱߣѵùĻ·Ϊкõı֣Ǹʱ򲻽Ҫ㹫˾ϰ壬Ҫ㻯ױʦƹʦҪȻױĲˣƹòλصӰֱ˼ʱ䣬ˣڻ·ʱ򣬿߹ȥ⣬ЩĿŵˣȵˣû
Ϊʹ࣬ǾԸԼȥЩ飬ԼԽԽעţעЩ£ĽԼһŮһŮѡԵЩڰʱ䣬ԼǴŮˡ
Ǻǿһ仰ͽҿеĴ̣Ѫܵ˿ڣ¶¡
Ǿҧ촽޺޵Ŀźǿô
ǿѾ˲ˣ˵ãһᣬҪúסھԺǾͳԺȲˡ
ǾŭĿźǿ΢΢ѹŷŭƽ磬֪ҲˣǺôˣʲôʱ¡
ǿȰãǲҲûİ취ǸҲˣһԾŶǲ𰡡
ǾҡҡͷҲȥģ
ǿߣﰵûӿͣ浱ԼŮˣֻ˵ֻüȰǾôҲҪӦ
ǾǼܾôҲϴӦǿʵ̲סãֻһѣʲô
ǾŭҡҡͷҲȥôô
ǿѹֲס㻹浱ԼǺˣҪˣôģͿ˯װʲôװ
Ǿ죬𾪵Ŀźǿ
Ѿ˺ˣǿҲںˣ˵ҸǾȥҲȥȥҲȥ㲻ȦˣҪȻ͸ҹԹԵĴ·ߣ
㣬ֻô˵ڣ
ǾȻĵǿһΪʲô˵Щû˵ûзǾΪε£ΪҶҸ㣬ܿϵľ㣬ûǴγͻ㶼㲻Ų첻ȥбֶ㣬ʱͲһˣ
ǾһģһǺ֪ǿ²Ӧʵ࣬ΪǴμʱھͱֳǿҵռֻԼںǾڷԼҲ˵ȥˣǿ̬ҲãҲΪãҪ֪ȨУǲСϺףԷֶǣͬҪǿ˶Է©㣬ǾͳԺȲˡ
Ǿ˵ɫ԰ףɥ
Ҳϵز˵ԼһֱΪˣҲ侮ʯӲԼȥھʲôڱ𣿲Ҫ˵֮䣬޵㺣ͷһжǿյǾ벻µ㻹Щʵ㲻µҲûкõİ취ǾλƵվֻͷĿɬôҲŲȥǿŵʣãʲôȥ
Ǿͷ˿ǿֱǿĻŵĵͷȥŵĵҪ磬ȻҪңҾͽԼƯƯȥΪһбѡ𣿡
ǿЩû˵ʲôˮһǾӵĿһۺǿʲôҲ˵Ҳûʲô˵ˣѾȫʧˣ˵ǰôС뷨ĻѾʲôҲû˵ȵǾױɫ߳ǿһʱҲˣʵ̫ˣҲܾûпǾ˽ôˡ
ǿǾں棬һ·һ仰Ҳûкǿǲ֪˵ЩʲôãôƯǾԼҪֽ͵ھϣ˵
ǾǲˣѾˣһεˣͻͺǿĺͬÿˣԼ³
˱ſڣǿǾ˳ţԥһµãҾͲȥˡ
Ǿͷû˵ô߽˱ô˵ǾҲ֪ŮǣھҲ봫ʲôţ˱Ӷ׼֮󣬶ˣǶʹ粽ĸŮԼҲھ֧Ǿ󣬾Ϳ˶ڿھھǾһɫŰ׽Σųϻŵױ촽ģ۽ëģƯ˹С룬ѾԤ
ھǾھ棬˷
ĵƹѾϨˣɽ˲ȣھ߹ȥ죬˸͵ζھֵĺһʿӣȵǾºŻصԼλ˵һжôãֱǾϰŵĲȺȻĸо£ʺϳԵľͣϰŵĶвͣƿӣԿڵھҲע⵽ǾľȣЦŴһƿƵǸ׼͵ģʵڶЩţţɳʲô᲻ȤСҪҵĿζˡ
ǾǸԱٶĲɬϻǵЦţһǿĸо
ھûȥ²Ǿ飬ֻҪԼˬ˾ͺãǻ˵ĸоƱھһھ͸һĺƣȻһƿĺƣҲûʲô
ǾЩһԱĸоھڵʱ򣬿һкʿֽȻ෴ʣһϳ֣ʵȣ
ʵҲھһǲɸıġǮ֮ھİ£ѧʿǣھֱѾȻ޴ˡ
ҪôȥĻھܳΪһʿھôΪñ˿ˬﵽıԼΪѧЩҲΪڹؼĳϣƽʱôŵıɫھϲ޾ӣǰ˱˵ɫھǸɫʱˬˬҲܣˬͺˡ
Խھ׼һͣջﵽţֻǲȻǰھϲãвͣò̾ھĶȤζھָ֮ԼһЦŴǾС㣬̨һŮƺʵ顭
ǾЦһ£ҪͷԼҲᱻȵزٶĿɬھĿ佱ǫܣˡ
ھЦҪ̨һŮֵҶôֶΡ
ǾĿھһʿĴ磬Ϊʲô˵ͲԼأôֱֱȥģŷС
ھ˵ĻʵһҲ˵ʵΪʲôǾأΪЩŮ˱ߵ̫ˣߵﶼѾ֪ԼＸˡ
Ů˲һһԺԽԽŮ˱߳㿴ҰŮѾ֪ЩŮѾߵÿʼŰΪ֣ƣھûıֻԼЩŮ˸ǿһ㣬ΪͬǳǾ˵ھЦŵô˵Ļ
ǾƱһµûУûУֱˬѣ
ھһЦ Ҳû˵ʲôǾ˷֮˵ˣǾС㣬ǲǸЩʲô˶˰
Ǿһŵܡȥϴɡ


168 ŪǾϣ
Ǿϴ֮ٴλʱԼı·ͷˮڣһۺɫŸ߹ۣԿ͹Ǻʵɽ壬ƮݡӯӯһգԲθ߸Ө޳ɢе
۵ҶһĿãȹһ˫˿İ⻬ȡѩԲ޳ԲĴŹϸСȽʵֱ͸˫ѩ׵ϵƤԼƼһ˫ƤĸѪܡϺɫ¶۰׽Źĸ߸ƤЬ¶źȻԸС
ǾƵһûһ˿覴ãϸ㷢Ʈɢԣͷ⻬񣬱̣ˮƼھһ㱡Ȼ˵ȴƬͿ͸ķ۴ʺС죬ȹѷĳе¡ǾĸԼһʮ֣˫޳ʱҡҷˣӯԵӷ׵̬ϰ۵ļͶ䣬¶һ崿ĵķϡ
ĳѩ׷۵Ĵ˿ı¸۵Саˣ˽ס˳ǹ⻬СǱɳѰ̽ܡʵ飬ͦ壬ڽϸ۵ǰʵΣԲԲСƽ΢͹磬Ըвʧׯأи¶޵ķ顣
Ʒջ
ǹҪھһ㣬·鲨,ӿǹźķǧ΢Ц˿޳Ĵż۵Ŀô¶ԲĵĴȾͳھС
һͺȥǾǰţȫµ߶¶۱ͦ鷿ŵúܸߣ׽ʹ˸·Ҳܱϸ֫Ͷɫȹȹ¶޳ȣϵĸ߸ЬǸٸ˼ֳĺԸСںڵ糤ٲɢԺɬھĽëȻ̣ۺɫСӣ̲סȥҧһڡ
Ǿ΢΢ߺߵھǰȻΪھһơ
Ǿʱ磬ھͻȻƮ֮ǰԾʱ˱һ𣬴Ǿ塣ȫɢһ˵鼫õζǾٸ㡣
̻£۵ϷĸţиոԾʱܵ컸оҲð˳ؿֲ֪ĶʱͿʼǾѿˡ
ܣȱưɡ
Ǿͦǰеıӵݸھ
Ǿ߹ŵͻȻľͿƮɢǾĴ㡣㷢ҡţ¶ԲԲӵˡļһӾھĿ벻ˡ̨һŮǾļϣ۾ɢ崿ٸı˵ЩʲôƵģ˲ע⵽ˡ
ͬܵǣ£ھվߵǾߡȻǾԱߣĿǾϻѪľɫ
ǾƯΪҾ׼𣿡
ţҪԼһ׸ܣ
ע⵽ھȵǾ˵ͷתͷھ΢ľٶǿҵ
ھĴǾŮص»䡣ӰĲӵԲԲļһֱǵߡǰͻŮ塣ǸطھԾʱԼְġ
ɨȥΣ˿࣬ȣ߸Ьѩ㣬ǿҵĴ̼һ̺˸߹ŵ塣ϵסھˣϵţֱǱסһ㣬ھ־סǾܷܷ֡
Ǿ
ܡ
ͻȻסˣǾھڽѯʲôڽڴʲôɫͫ׽ھšγĵ˫ھĳ嶯һӾͱ
Ǿ
ס֣ھǾļ򣬰Ǿ
ѽ
һǾıھϡھıסǾ
ǾǾ̫ˡҷѾİˡ
СĺǾ֣ͬʱǾھǾ۵Ķ˵š
߱߿ھҵĺǿҶҵԺɺ֪Ϊʲôһ˲ǾĶֹͣˡ
ھ˳ƵŤתǾĽˡǾ¶е㽿ӵ顣ھͫ׺ܿľ¿ȥ
Ǿ⻬㴽ĺɫ൱ջԵӡھ۾ھһıǾϰ˳ƵĶȡǾԸк촽ˡ

ǾеһɱھѹȵơԵغȻı˫ۣͬʱʶ΢΢ͷ
˵촽Ľһ𡭡Ǿ촽ǳƷζھ촽ϵζǾӺھһĴϣԵĸоĸоϴؿð
ડ
ƱǾϵϲͣĹšȫʧĸоʷ̨һŮҪ彻źˡ
ھǾѹ˵ذϡԭץżĵķſˣתǾ䣬ذš
š
΢İ£۽Ǿѽ԰ֵҲʼ˷Ӧ
ھǾĺ촽աǺĴǾſ˫֣ȫھİСԴհˣÿط
ͣϰƶ𽥽ӽٸǰ鷿ˡ۵ıϣھַǰ¡鷿ϣָ
ܲҪ
ǿĴ̼ǾԵֹھĴǺںǾֿƵģھվɵļ鷿
ܵĲֹˣʹھ·ϸǾ鷿ȴѾȫ͵УǾҲжˡҲ˱ˡ
ǵһνھİûйϵģѾʮֳǾΪŮԵϲСֲӿĸоĸֳˡ
һԺھתץǾµ°ˡ
ܲС
΢Ǿץסھö
Ǿ԰ɡ
ٸ˵ĿѹŵھԽԽˡ
£
ڣҪ£
ǸǾķԣھǽȥˣ·
ˡܲҪ
ѹֵ֣Ǿ૵š
ǾҪţûġ
ǡҺááߡš
ǾǼĿšεȴ˸еûж˲ûзھĽ⿪Ǿ۵Ŧۡ
ķи߹ŵ̨һŮ¶ˡ۵İɫ΢΢е㵭ۺɫɫںڰĿռиģһ˵СֻǰھϸϸǰŮԵھεĺġ


169 ŪǾУ

ֱӿˣǾвǿҵ߳ġһͬʱĸֳҪƼڴֻڵǾ֪ʲô
ھ˳Ƶֻ֣֡һĴǿԼڵ˫鷿
š
һֱǰҪΪǿ鷿ȫӿĸܱԼʱܵǸǿңǾıﲻԾĿʼ
šš
ܵԵİŮľˡǱʶ΢΢űǾӦھİˡ
̧Ǿ壬ھֺܿͽ⿪ڱĿۻ⿪ۻ˲䣬鷿Ҳʽֳ˽ӰˡǽһƵģھѸٽˣȻ˳ƵһץסǶ鷿ҪסƵļСס˷鷿ǿֱӴļھǼĴ鷿
š
ھǿҵİǾˡӲ鷿ȫɢˣȻ¸Ҳʼеɦˡڱ¶زĵֿı䵭ˣǾԿˡ
ھҪư鷿˵־Ĵ鷿ÿһεİ任ͬ״ˡھһ˫ͷ鷿ǰͻˡָͷʼͷˡ
ܰ
̬Ĵ̼ǾϾ˷Ӧˡ
ССĻԲţָͷǲͣ趯ţеʱڱӲ˵ͷϵˣеʱһ¡ĳ鷿ٸ鷿ĴС鷿ϸܵҲɢȫǾҲ޷ˡ
šܰšš
ҡԴǱʶǾʼԸе̬һǾȻԼΪŮ˵Ĳλ
ѡΪ顭
ԼѵϵʪԵһŮ˷ı֣һһǾе˺ߡ
˲ãھͣزİˣǾȥо͹µȫʮٸĸдΪոһֱڰĹϵӱ·¶İ𪼡ӡ˵ھǽıסٸ˵塣
Ǿٷˣȫȫ⽫ԼиھˡھƶȻеԼ˴ϡֱƯ䣬ƮƮȻ
ھȫ֧סԼ塭
ȫÿطе˰ˡ
Ǿл顣
ھܿľͽǾ˴ϡ鷿Ѿȫ¶ˣ¶˰ļ뵹۵鷿ڸӵľеԡǰ˵ͷܵ˸ոյĴ̼£Ѿȫˡ΢΢ȹ£͵õǳĴȡ
ھѹ̨һŮѩ֮ϣǰ˫źĦԼˬоͬʱʪĽ޺촽
ܽڣ¶ƺͻȻĺܸߣǾ΢΢ૡ
ھаЦһ֪רˣֽǾֻСѹͷ̸ӷ¡ͦγ
Ǿֽץס׵Ĵ񱳹ͦϰǻߣʹԼظܵļѹھǿ׳ز
ھסǰѩ˫裬󼷴꣬˵˫ͫǾԵ͵ŹƻĵĴԵǾҵŮˣԶܱѡ
Ǿ˷ܺʹӵǿҸоǣǾԶܵġ
ھظз·̲һԵĳ嶯ʱץסǾ½һ˺˺𣬻ĺɫ۱˺ȥһ룬Ȳسȥɫ֣Ծ˶ͦԲʱڵĳںɫȵ֮¡
ھͦͦţ۷ѩѹΣʢȵĴǾʪӣС쿪ʼ
ܣǾĶܵġ
Ǿ˳ɵı̴вʱ޵ߣƸǸ衣
ǾѾûκžˡ
ǣھ泯ź˿ĴڲȥʼİŷǳеԵĴˡ
ššš
ͻİ̼£Ǿ˶϶
ֲϵİţھƶˣٴ鷿ˡ
ھڵĺѩ鷿ϡھǰֵٸѾʼķ鷿鷿ɢһ˵ζ
Ӿ˫ش̼£һ͵ĳ嶯ھбˣȻᴩȫǱȥƵģھӵǰˣȻ캬סǰ˽۵ͷˡ
š
鷿˱ţǾλų̨һˣ̲סķ
ƵջܵŮԺضھͷϸܵ鷿ζԼӲͷεĸд˱ţ·ҪȡɢϵĴ˱š
ౡౡ
š
ͷһ˱˺üΣһԸ˳ӿԺĴĳǾʶģˡ
֡ô
ܵİھزϲá
İ˰Լ壬һ뵽ǾԸо͸ӵĸˡͬʱҲһ˵ĸܡĹھͷǱʶǰ׸ھˣвϵͳ
š
ѾĽΪŮ˵ϲˡ
̰鷿Ƶģھͣ˱ţͬʱѹһԷͣ˫壬һ״ٺУҧ˱
ܡǾҪҪٶ˼ˡ
ǾĽ߼ʹͻ֣ϸ֫߰Ť˶Բѩͦʣھȥ
ӯӯھһ˫סܶȵĴ鶯ƵǾԲݵ΢ꡣ
ͬʱҲԽԽȵζšѾ΢΢ĺˮˡ
ܵٸڹɼĹ⻬ͬʱھĽӽǾŮ˵Ĳλˡ
ܡҪ
к߳ǾмսţγһСˣҪȴʹ
ھǾѾ΢΢ʪزˡ

Ǿһ̶̵̾Ϣ
ʸ߹ŵĴŮ΢΢Ĺţڿ㣬ھ˷֮ǸӵĸˡڵھѾΪһƥˡֲϵĻ谮ٸѨĹȡڿ㴫ٸСָԸܵ΢΢ʪˡ
ܲҪ
ֱӵİ£ǾѾܲˣһֻ»˿£ץסھ
ǶǾķٶھںļǿ˰Żꡣ
š
һָողͬ˲ˡ
ڿĽʵʵŻۣȻָŻšİߵĲλٸѨĹȱŪš
ǿҵ߳ĺ˷ǾбţԴһƬհˡ
šܺ
Ҳſˡɷģ۲ɳ˲ȴӴˣȻƺͱ˲ˡǻδͨѨҲʪˣ֭ʼڳˡ
ھʱİ촽뿪鷿ˡ
ڴϳ¶鷿ǾΪոյİ˿΢ŵͣᷢӶ쵽Ӻĺ󷢣Щĺˮ˼ϣγޱӵľ
ٶȵĴһߵ鷿ϣһھٶȵĶ۲չҵİͬëëһ㣬ָ䶯̼Ѩ۴Ѿ΢ſˣٰ۴ѹЩ÷ָͷ롣
Ѿʪˣ
ȻǸڿ㣬ǿԸܵٸѾȫʪˡӸոյĽӴڿµֳΪܹԼѾŭŵʹĳ̶ˡ
ԴҲȰȶˡҲĻԽĳ嶯ϵĳھ
Ҫഺ۵ٸԵȫ룬Ҫôǿҵ
ھҲܲˣַڿϣֱһӾ
ҪСС
ʱŸеھҪˣȻǾھİҪھĻǾ΢΢ЩܲˣܵŵǾֿšµһж̫ˣۺɫڿܿľͱȥһֱѵϥǡ
Ҫ
ھԼľٶǾ˫ȿšŮǾô˵ûоη壬Ĩ˵ġ
СǾ
ھǾ֡
ɡ԰ɡ
ھзҪڻûлͬǰѾ˵ϣʼ⿪ۡ
ܲ
ѾѵˣǾЩĶҡ԰Լѵľ⡣߳£Ǿǽı˫ۡ
ھϵťۣһſĽ˿

Ѿо˱һˡԴѾһƬհˣҲʲô˼ˡ
ܿľȫ⿪ťˣھ˳ƵȹӡȹŻԲƨɻȥûκε谭ھ˳ȥȹӶһԡ
°Ѿȫ¶ˣŮǾתһߣı۾ǺߵĹϵɣȾһƬʣϸܲ˵ɿ黭档
ھַڵԼӵƤϣһĽ

ǽ以Ħ΢졣
ݡ
ھܿѵ˿ӡȻһѹ¡һŵĳ˴£ǰǾ
ڵƹ£巢˵Ĺâ
һһھ˫ֿ֣Ǿ˫ϥǡĴſˡ

δ֪ĿֲǾֿİšٸȴзζ
Ĵ˫źٶȵǾϰʼ˼Ѿ·
Ҫ̫ˡ
ܵǿҵ߳ĵӰ£˫۵Ǿ˵Ҫ
Ǿûйϵġ
һǾ˵ھһ·ˡ
ȫ⿪˽ťۣȻĴ˿Ѿȫֺܵոհһ˫鷿Ϳʼܵƹ䡣
ܰ
Ǿð˲͵ˡ
ǰ鷿ǳеѩͷɰ鷿Լ֪˼ˣҲİˡ
˵һ㽵ĵط
鷿ĶѾȫͻĿɰͷ
ھʹİ·Ǿ£ְѵ̨һŮǾѾȫˡ
áúˡ
˫ǰǾüš
Եģǵһαھȫ塣ȵ߳ǰ鷿ŵĻҡ
Ǿ
Ǿھĺٸ֡
ʮٸ˵кޱȵµľѾһһţͷѾ͸ҺˡھĬĬѹǾϡ
ھֱӵĴӸزԼھصĸоǼͼֱӽӴĸоǾµ˷ˡ
ԼźǾСͷӴھ˷ܼٸԼǰŽ۾Ŀɰ
Ǿ
ھĺǾſ۾˫Ű⣬ھǾıǳᡣٸӣھֿҪɫͫ׸˽ȥĴ
Ǿ
Ǿ֣ھǰ촽Ǿ档
š
ܵȵ
촽һͷž˸߹ŵ̨һŮǾ
š
ǾͷҲʼͷ
ౡౡౡ
˵ͷһ𷢳ӵ졣
ھʱ˱ʱſĶʱĽš
ںھĳĿڶԿǵĹУǾ˷Ҳ𽥵ˡոջץס˫Ƶ˱󣬿ʼ趯šͬʱ¸ܵȸҲģģתǿˣǾʶԼı仯
һֱԼʱҪǿҵĸо
ҡ
Լ˷ܣǾԼżҵ߳ġѾֹˡҵУھḧǾȻζӽٸĻꡣܵǾ¸ļСָ죬ָ΢΢¡Բĳˡ
١һ㣡
ΪԵıʹھָչ˻ꡣ

߹ŵ̨һŮǾϸӦԼھˡ
ھܿľ뵽ëĵݵشˡ
Ǿġ
Ǿۻ꣬һδʮŮ꣬κ˽ʥ򡭡
˷Ǹӵĸ߿ˡ
ָͷĵڻ档
š
ͱ˵Ǿ
ָܵǾĴУҲܵѾдϲõӡĸֳˡָǵһεĸܵǾѨӵĸдůůģĸоٵĸоĺھĴ̽ʪĻˡ

ھĲԼУоǾ˳к߳Ѿ֧Ǿˡ
ھָͷǾŮѨС
ʹʹ
ֵǾ˾ҵķӦˡ
һ˲ھηˣָǰҲͣ
ʹ𣿻԰ɣ
ھػ˵š

Ǿ΢΢԰ףͷ


170 ŪǾ£
Ǿ̬ھָٶȵĿʼˡָĻڣڸΧָѸٵſ˿ڵǻССխխѨˡ
ھָխˡմ˴֭ǴӻδͨӿֳһֱӴڲָĸдرֳʪʪůůĴ淢˷ܵĳ̶ˡ
߹ŵ̨һŮǾǵһھڲȫš
ķӦھʵĸоҲǿ˷ˡָĻҪȷڲζšŮѾ΢ˣҺָϵĻȲû֭ϨŮѨеǿѹסĿסֵָ
ָı仯ˣǻԲţ˰ѨѹҲˡ
֨֨֨
һ΢ϵĴ۲з
Ҫ
ٸֻ߳ܵܵٸĶ䡣
ǾķӦھѨӦھƵģǾԵؽ˫ȴſڴϵʱŤš
еǾʱҲˡȫϼͦͷ˵ԾʾŸ߰˷ܡͷոջҪӲˡ΢΢ſʱʼ϶ˡ
šš
תȥͬʱҲھָĶЩ΢ȴȴһϲõ֤ѾԾٸܵϲˣǴˡ
ʱĿԿ߹ŵ̨һŮǾŤ壬ǳƵġõ鷿˰ҡšָŪѨھʰǰͷͻȻſһȥ˱Ÿ߸߹ͷ
ౡౡౡ
š
൱еͷܵŪǾԾĽ˳ͬʱѨҲ޵䶯ţ˸ǿѹס˵ָ
ھľ͸֭˿Ĵһߡ͵ĵƹǾϻƶţഺ۵ٸӡŶĿкŮʱҲѾ׼ˣԿڴԵ
ھһƶָһİٸĽͷͬʱƶˣռסǾ˫ſγɵĿռ䡣
ھӵ˷ˡǾѨγָˣץסǿŵľָȡЩǾѨðķﴺˮ֭ͿĨԼͷϣȻžǾĻǰš
ھ³ʱ򣬽źͽŻӴˣ˵ҲĽӽˡ˲ãھǰǾ۴ˡд˲Ǿ塣
ͷſɰͷھĸǾ˵ǾҪȥˡ
Ǿֻĵͷ
ھס˾˻ϣͷĻ˻ꡣ

ʱѨܵһոմھָҪøǿֵĹ̾ȥˡŵ΢΢ӲˡǶٸķӦںھʱֻܵԼšͷǰܿؾ͵˻ǳխѨˣھ˳ƵȻǰһ壬ͷ˽ȥ

Ǿ˳Ůıƶ
ҪŽȥˡҪŽȥ
ھƶţ˫ѹǾļϣֹܣȻʼǰͦͽȥռежڿʼˡ
ĤʼΧסֵͷֳ˷ǳխѨѨڵ⿪ʼˡ
š
ǾϸխѨܵļѹ΢ĵֿھǿǰ͡һɾʹǾ
ʹʹʹ
ȻǵһˣھǿǾ˺ľʹǾ˳ԵĽץסھ
ȻǾʹĽб˶Ůھ˵ȴѾֹĿĵ£ǲϵļխѨ
ֵŮֳӦǿľܾѨľĿס˴׳Ĵ
ھʱѨڱڵ;ǿҵĦ£ӿֵĿֱＹ׵ھ˵ĲܿԼĿСΪ˽Ѩĸھͦ
šʹʹ
ⱻ˺ţǿʹڸӵľˡ
ھϵĳš

һ̣ȫĽ뵽Ѩˣš
š
¸Ųһĸоеڵ顣еľҵʹĵˣǾʼе˵С
СǾ
ٵھĺǾ

Ǿû˵΢΢ſھ
𣿡
ھĻ
տʼʱܵԼֱӶĴ̼һ˵ˡűܣ׷ޱ޼ʵĿ֡
СǾ
ھٶȵıǾͦʼŮԺٶȵı˴˲š
赽ѹŴľߡ䶯ţҺ󻬵ãػصķ졣
֨֨֨
дʹԼھԽϲý£Ǿھ󣬳ھж
͵ĵƹŮλ԰С˫ű򿪳ɣΣ߹ŵ̨һŮǾĲھɵԾš˵˴˵§ţ̰ǿ׷ովѵϲá
չ෴ģԾĻѻԭʼϲúͶİ˵İ϶ϲǾӿֳˡԼѨǲھԵ٣ԼߵĲλĸд
ǷǳȼӲ״Ķ
ھÿһεͦ͵УѨڲĤԸоõͻԼֳдš
ȫԼھÿһطھļֺʵ塣ߵĲλȫھġ
ھԽĶǳǿҡַ鷿ϼҵĴšֱҵھĺ
š
˲Ǿйϲõ
ھȻܵԽУȫŮԵĺضɺ塣ٶܵǿĴ̼ܵҵĳ嶯˷ΧšиոõĸϲãͦҲӴ˱ǿˡ
ǿӲֱԽŸ߹Ǿľ˺ԽҪȡĿƷζţȻҲŤˡոտⲻõѨȫǵҺӿֳĤѹ˾ϡһ棬Ծ̾ŵѨ˿ֳѨ̼ͬʱҲֳϲˡ
͹ȥԼȣʱõǸǿĿУʹھŪǾ׷Ů԰С
ովѵǾҲʼ
Ǿ
šܰšš
ھĳļӴ˼ӿˡܵӰ£ǾҲıסھŤӦš
˫ֺϱھı󡣽ץסŸУǾе˰ġһֱſ˫ļסھպƨϡ
һھһ߼ٵĳ͡ûкܶྭˣԼ׷ſУһͳٵѨнš
֨֨֨

ھӿ죬˽ϵĲλ⫵Ҳıˡ˽ϵ֤ݣĴǾĻĲλȥγһɫϪ
ǾƵպϸĲӷҲ΢΢ð˺飬ܵ䣬һſŵĺʯķ޵Ĺâ
β׵еһ飬ھǿ侫ĸоˣҪƲסˡ

š
Ůϵйػصڷ
ҪҪˡ̲ס
桭
ԽԽߵ侫ʹǾֳõĿ£ھѾܲ˵ˡ
ˣ
˵ǿײš

ѨܾްǾҲ
ٸѨӹĸдǵһθе඼Ҫĳʹͷ˸ŹâѨԵҲ˻Ӧͣ䶯ĤĲסԵľ
ܹǺͳܹǼĦĸ߿˲ȫ
š
УǾĵŤ

ھǾڣ屻İھ۰ŵϲáסھٴȷϲãͬʱǾС


171 ־
Ǿھ˯֮ҲֻίھŮˣҲкôģϾպһǿĿɽˡ
ڶñӺī뿪Ƶ꣬ȥԼͶʵľưҹܵأ
ӰưҹܻѶǰͶڴ½̨һҹܻưɽֵȫɫɫľưɡҹܻȴûһ鷳Ϊ˽ģԲܶ񾭹ķչѾΪɫɫŮҹãӰ̨塢ۡϺڵйУձȷҲӰӰ
Ӱʵھǰģ֪ҹܻᡢưɵɫ鳡֮󣬼ֱʳɫҲǶÿѵдգ˺ɫԸǮҽ֪ʱﲻ֪Ϊھ׬˶
̨̨׶Ҳ̨ľȨģνӽ¸һȣʱ̨ȻӰưҹܻɫɫŮŮ߶ЩŮӼҶЩ籩¶Ů̯¶ȣΣһһ۸ĺȥ
cleverưϵľưɣҹѳĸϲȾƣʱһǧΪŮ˵顣
ʱֵҹʮ㣬ҹĸ߷ڣư֮ڣŮŮǲöǳ裬ȰһϰΪû˻Ϊ˷ס
ʱһӢȴһŲ̋ϺžƣǱˣھ
ʱھһ˾Ʒһɫƣ־Լģȡ־ƺȥˣھȴǷǳϲﵴĿ֡
ʱھһߺԼСƣһĹ۲žưŮܲ˵вٳ÷ǳ۵ģھȴȤ󣬱ϾŨױĨ޵ŮˣھЩϰߵġ
˧磬𣿡
Ȼһ˹
ھһ㶣̧ͷһȴǲһ
ǰŮҲͶʮңһԲԲĶ쵰òĸھĶȴǶԲĹĵǵغ£ʱԲԲںµи߸߹м·𲻼һ㣬DֱǷľʱҲ֪˶˻ȵĿ⡣
ۣôӣھ̾ĵôһ椣ҪܵǸöá
ǺǣôСԸȻãɣ
ھܿŮ¡
лл
ŮЦھߣǰʵλС㣬Ҫʲô
ţһλһľưɣ
Ů˿ھʱȵɫľƣ˵
С㡭
ǷЩΪѵ˵ⱭλԼģĵʦᡭ
ʲô
ŮգգĴ۾Щؿھ˧磬㻹ƣ
֪һ
ھһЦⱭұȽϲľƣϲԼôСϲҾ͸һͣ㿴Σ
Ǿллˣ˧磬濶
ŮһЦӣ¶˵ľѣھһĵһɫ˵Ƿ绪ˡƺܿˣھһݸŮ˵סҪһСһСڵ؅ݣҪһԶȥġ
ҲôԿ
˵ţŮǱӰһͷһȥһڡ
ιι㡭
ھЩסˣ־ƱССڵغȣһԺôһڣԻġ
ǺǣǲֻҪţ
ŮȻɫһ䣬ʼó죬ҲڷȣЩԺ˵ô¶ѵˣ
ھŮεؿЦһ˵㲻ҪһκȥľҲ㲻ˣһȣǲˡһ֪ʲôأ
Ǻǣҽ־ᡭ˧硭
ŮʱȻЩһȻھĻУǶԹĹĵʱھӣھȫһ桭Ӳˣ
־᣿ھĵֲǵҽɣҽھھɣҪǲǿҳ˧
ٳ
־ʱľƾھĻЦָָھı˵˼ǿ㡭ʮ꣬ҹꡭҡҶռһŲ̋ҲҲá˼Һ氡Һȵľƺ˼ûһ
˵ţ־ᾹȻסھԴԼĺ촽һӴյھϣס͡


172 

ھʱоޱߵӣ岻һҪ˵ҲǳˣҲǳе飬һŮǿָоȴǵһΡ
̵ģָоǡû˵һ֣ã
־ھͣھĻȾҲǰһ§ס־ĺԣһὫ쵽־زϣַ¶ĵ·ڡ
ۣô󣡺ԲܵǻȵŮ壬ھʱ˼㣬ͷ־ĿǻУ˵ͷҺཻò˵Ӵʱܽϣ٣ɲһһŮưɷֵоӵǺͼס
֮ھʵǵôŷſ־ᡣ

־Ŵղŵǣе־о˼Ŀ֣ھŮͨ촽ӵķӦˡ
šкСܵܡ벻Ȼôǡš˼ϲ
־ؿھ˵˼Ҹ㰡˼ҡ˼ҹҲмˡǡ˼ҴûҲҲûκռ˱ˡ㡭׬ˣǡǹ̵ĳǡ
ô
ھһϲṴ־Ķ쵰벻ôĶ˵Ů˵Լǳǡôһؼң
˼ҡ˼ҪҪԼļ˼ҡŲҪؼҡʲô֪
־ԳһЦȻھĻھСͷϡš

ھһ̲סˣᱧ־ᣬߣ־ᣬߣҴؼҡؼ˵ҽھ֪˰ɣ
־ᵭЦţҲûз˳ưȥ
վס
ڴʱȻסھ־ھһ㶣˿ˣʮ߰꣬ƣŽīһɫ֮Ǳ߸
վǰǸŵ˵СƨŮӿˣ㿪ۣøǣ
־һһʱЩѹҪҡ
ģҲᶪġ
ھǺһЦһ־Σһûڿ㣬ҿ᲻ģҵı־ᣡٺٺ١
־һ죬ͷ
£ھЦһ˵ҵŮˣƾʲôø㣿
󵨣
˴ŭ˵֪ʲôˣǿ̨֤ȯ³ĳӣŮĸ
û
ЦһСӣȰŮ㾡ۣܿӽҪŮ˲ɣ
˵ţаؿ˿־
𰡣û֣Сӣ֪ĳҽѾúܲˣô˵ˣǵһӾ
ھЦһȻһ߳ǰ˵ĿɣھֳһţƵĿɣ˲ҽһ嵹ڵϴУرھߵˡ
ѽ
ư˵ʱŻˣھȴǿҲһ־߳˾ưɡ
߳ưɣͣߵһǰ棬˾̽ͷ˵BOSSˣ
ھ˵ͷ־˿ۣԳһЦ˵벻㿪ĻǱ۰Ǻǡ
ھ־ϳӣȻԼߣ˵ؾƵȥ
ף
˾˵ͷųˡ
ڳϣھó˵绰ͨһ룬ġ
ι˭
绰ͷ
ңھ
ھ΢Ц
ܰ¶𣿡
æ˵
и¶£֪𣿡
ԣ
һ£˵˵֤ȯĶ£ۼʮڣ֪ôˣ
ھѸղھưɵ˵һ飬ŭед̫ˣģ¶죬˵֤ʵѶµӹ˾ҪŪҵˣǼ򵥵úܣұ֤¶⣡
ţã֪ˣ
ھͷ
Ͼϵ֮ھڿԱߵ־ᣬʱ־ϣһԺ֮ľȻͦ΢ĺ΢΢ȹ֮޳濪ȹյλǳģھи뵽ҪԼͷ־ڿ㣬ȴˣ
ھܿͷ뷨Ͼһ˾ƵеĿأҲ֪ŮǲĻŮ


173 ־ٸ
ʱھ־ᱧ˷䣬ɳϡ
־ῴſķӣǺһЦ˵ھ벻㡭ķӻġôСԼķӡšĽȡ
־˵ţȻԼȹӸҡ졭

ھ־Ƕ˵ķۺɫñ¶˳ھһҲͲס£Щ־ᣬڴϣ־ĽڴϷţʲôռұˣ
˵ţ־ֲ֧ס۾Ժ
ٺ٣־㣬ﵱȻҪռñˣ
ھ˵ţ˵˴ϣ˫һѰס־˫飬ʼ
š
е˽ַ־Ժз־ĺܴ󣬶ʮָеԣھʱǿĵױȣ⿪־·ȹӣʱ־ŮϾʣ˿˵ʽ£ʽǷۺɫģֺǿڰſ˵˽ھĶѣס־Ķͷĺ촽Ͽʼǡ

־ʱԺҲͣʶرסھĶͷܽǡ
ھһŪ־ĺ촽һ˫־֣ǶԴ鷿ţͷ͹鷿ĳʵԶھһ֣޲þʹ˺־϶Ϊһźá
šš
ھܿͲں־ˣǴ죬ʼŪ˱־὿۵壬ͷƵ־ϣ⿪ӵһߣסǶıͷУʼŪ˱
šô¶ھš㲻Ҫš
־Ժһ˿£־ֻܹŤԼͬʱ﷢ŵ΢
Ҹѵ
ھŰ쵽־Ŀ£Ǹڿ־Ȼ󲻿ذڿ
ڿ֮¾ǾŮھѾˮСѨ۾ֱˣȻؿˣһ㱡Ĥɼ־ỹǸŮ
ھˣŮɫŮǴŮ׬ˡ
šҪʲôšҪҪҡš
־ԺغŲҪȴûа취ֿھѹԼ·ȻѼ͵־СѨϣ˵־㣬ĴŮ֮עǱȥˣֻɣ
˵ţھѼ־СѨĦ˼£ȻֵѨڣһҧͱ˽ȥ

ھʱо־СѨĽպͻȣ־СѨǼƷֵļƷھļȥˬױȣھܲһһѳ־ᱦ٣ƬƬ
š
־Ժб˴Ůʱʶüͷĺܽھظ־գȻ忪ʼԼĶ
־ʱ𱬵ʱ̣ھ־ܿ˴Ůʹ࣬˷Ӧʱ򣬿ʼˣšš
־˵ھ𾢶ֱӣ˫ְס־һ̣塰žž־ض
ššھášóʵššǸˡ
־ʱȻǻѣȴѾȫ״̬Ĵȼнھھܹٵس־ĻСѨ־һԴھĶвϵҡΣޣ̫ˡ
Ů־ʱ԰˷ܵĲˣ֫ٺǿҿлһⰻȻˮĴ䣬ھĴ־һδεسײ־Ļģ־ۿˡ޲ƷӣС﷢һ̣̣
ĲѨ罺ĽʵĳŮ
มˬˡܻġھұúˡม
ޱȵļٽţھܲ͡ôˡˬ졭ҡ֡Ҫˡ
־ǳ֮󣬴ʱ־˿֪Լжϸ⻬ҡڣӭھĽһһĺʮ
ھĳûи־κεĴϢʱ䣬ĽǿĿִ̼ѿ˵̨Ů־һδϼֵ۷壬˶ǿޣ־괦ŮСѨʱһƬǽ壬־Ҳй
־ĵĴйԺܲˣšҲˡھŹҰɡС
㲻ˣҾͿɡ
ھ˵ţַس˼ʮ£Ȼڵ۷壬شһһȵľҺʱ־


174 ־Ŀڽ
ھ֮û־ǰ
־㣬ô벻롣
ھ־ʵ
ҡҡҡ
־Ժ֪ô졣
ã־һֱҲͣھﲻͣѹ־ͷ졣

һ־̰ǹСֿܷܷʼḧŪھҴھʼϢ־ָἷھֻ⵰
˱ԡ
ý㣬ĿУȥɡ
ھһ־ͷ
õܵܡż
־ᲦھİƤ¶˾޴ĹͷھĹͷʺ콿ۣ־ḩ˵С࣬ھĹ⣬ھţ̼ܵĹͷѸ׳־ɨھۣ־̧ͷԹؿھһۣھ֪Ѿ޿صĵزֻõͷھ˽ȥ

־һڽھӣСڣھо治־ʪӣСھޱȵĴ̼ӴݴܵĶϸо־ȷԱȽ裬ֻ֪촽סȴҶҲ֪Ū
ھ۾ţָĶ˲ҪͣҪ˱ģҪ㣬㣬ˣĺܺãͷҪ°ڶԣȻ
־һھСڲͣھʱھһۣھͺ͹־ῪʼеĴ̼ſӣС죬ھϺ˶ĹͷУĶ˵Ĵ۾עھȻ¶׳ůСģ־޵ĺ촽Ű׻ĿˮӿڽǼ˳°ͻȥ
Ǽ񵽱ˣǰɫ־ᣬԼӵ̾ôãԺǰ;ھпϲţ˵ãͷҵĹͷȷ򣬲Ҫͣ
ڣ־ͷھĹͷ˱ţҧţѹţھе鼰ȫ顣ھ̲סİͷ°һͦĺ־Ȼое㲻ھ뿪ĺھǿ£ȴûѡֻܼھʱ־ȻʦͨסھľңָĻţʱѹھĵ
ˬ
ھ˳ĳס־ͷ
ѽ
־ͷ͵һʹĽг
ý㣬
仰ھס־ͷʼٵĳ塣־촽дĸоƴŮأȴʪھһһºݺݵĳţδζۻĺھִ־ѪʥŮӣңЦ־湻ģʲôʱͦˣ
־὿ֻ̱ܸھ
ھ§־Բ壬໥˱Ū־ϣĺءηƷζھ棬ھļӾ磬־ֲ֪ˡ־ȡ۵Сཿӵž޴ޱȵΪھ޴۷ˣְֺ¡
ھ𽥾ҵ־ʺӣСг鶯һһӿβϳ־ķģֻׯ־Ҳһ˫ѩ׽۵ֽܷܷסͽӣС캬ס˶Ĺͷܵʶؿ˱ͬʱ־᲻Ťף׳
ý㣬ǴŮǣһͻᣬͨ
ھ־Բ̾
־Լھ˵꣬Сɵھݲʱι⣬ھֵĺ߳
ý㣬̫ˣҹһʱͽģ־ڶô
ھмס־ףԳڶ־ţ䷢ʵĽߣھֻ飬־ʺС캬ס۽С˱£ԽԽԽ͡
־װݵھгЦ⣬Уůʪ͵־ὫУἷѹھоҵĿгȫҡҡ׹ƺܿͻῪʼ
ֵ־ȴֽ˳ת躬С˶ĦھͦĿɵĿС
־ٴʼñҧ΢΢ʹǿҵĿУһϮھ̲ס϶־¶΢Цҧסھʹ˶ͷھɾ͵壬˳ӦĶиҪ
õܵܡ̫ˡȻ۸˼ҡ
־ĽߴԹؿھһۣɿСסĸڹŪĿǰǿҵƺҪľǰ͵úƳſɡ
־᲻ٶھ˫ֱסھĺΣ콫˱˱ŪھѾѪţѣɻûгס
ô
־ּ૵
Ŷ־
ھѹ־ͷº󣬴ֱֿŵأͷš
ššš
Ժ֮ȫŵ־὿ߵθΣֱۿھߣСײԲӲͣǰεĥء
ҡ
ھ־һ
־һ£Źͷİߵھ
־ӣھ˷ܲԣ˫ַס־գŪ
־ᱧھΣŴͣͷھ
־ھס룬ֺģھĺҲɼӿ˼֣ס־׿ٳ壬˶ͷײĺ䣬ھ־ҴϢ
ھγϺ־һϢһסŪͷֺõھõܵܣɣ
ý㣬ҪϹŶ
Ϲ־ɣ
ððţ
ھЦţסĸϺ͵Ĺͷ־ۻϻ־Сɵھݲʱι⣬ھֵĺ߳־ſӣС죬Ϻ˶ĹͷУĶ˵Ĵ۾ЦעھȻ¶׳־ůСģ־޵ĺ촽Ű׻ĿˮӿڽǼ˳°ͻȥ
־὿ߵһͷھֱ䣬ٻ³Ϸ־װڶǾңھһ˿˿оۼ֣¶Źֱ飬˫ס壬е־ᣬý㣬ҪˣҪˡ
־ȴû˼סھĴȣھĳʶ°ڶ־ӣͺůˬǿҵسžأھһ־оҶɽ־ͷסļˣһදھϢνУһɹǿ̵ҽ־Уˬ㡣
־һһ˱˫ȥھЦý㣬ǽ٣ڼһˡ
꾫ھַſ־ᡣ³־̵ʣµһ㾫Һſߣ˯ˣھùֽɾ־ϵľҺȻŹص§˯


175 ־
ھ־ἤ齻ϵʱµϢ֤ȯѾ֪ܿˡ
ҽԺĵ绰ӵ屻˺ݺݵһţպ⣬ʱӿŭڣѹ뵽̨壬Ȼв۵Ļ쵰ҴĶӡ
Ҫ֪Լۼʮڣ̨е˹ϵҲãȻ̨ԼĶӣ¸æԼ鸾ɳҽԺ
ҽԺڲϣ˱ҽ˵ӴԺ󣬿ֻ̫ܵ࣬Ҳܹˡ
ϢûȻԼģԼĳӣԼǺ۰ģӾȻ̫࣬Լôۣܲ
˭ģ˵˭ģ
Զ߸ţҲСŭҪƽʱԻԼģ¶ӱ˴ͷҲû˼αװˡ
ǡһ١֪꣬ССʲô֡
ۼ³ŭǼһ߶µĻص
ˣ֪֪Ҫкã
Խҧݣ޺޵ĿˣŭıֱŵüҴҸҽԺԺڲȻֹͣ˽ŲлԴȻɫͨ졢ͬްԡ
£ǼһְԭԭͼӴ׵ؽһ顣
쵰Ű裬ĪΪ
Դصһӣͬһֻ¶˿˿׹⡣
ҵĶôˣ
ʱĸףԵС캰صصˡ
Сʯ㣬ڷ³켣ʮ꣬áƹƺšʮǰӪ307ֲƾ߳ĽľֲӦꡣСйһλĶҲΪ̽ʿСѮȻˣΪħŮʱŮϵһԼǿĺӣһǰ۴ޣô⸱Ӱءô찡
ԿˣиǸĻ쵰ǰС˵СģĳһᱨġҾȥȲ˭ôǵĺӣһҪú
ڶһ硣
־˯˹ԼͷеۣЩǵãЩǵãȴ֪Լʧˣʧһھˣ׼ȷ˵Ǵк
ʱ˹֮󣬿Լһİķһ˿ҵӹڱϣĬˡ
Ůһҹ飬͵ĵһΡ
ͬʱҲ֪ǼһĶȥˡ
ţ̵ھ˽ţ̺м
Ǻǣ־㣬˰
ھͷź˵
־Щӵؿھ˵Ҫ뿪ɣ
˵ţ־ӣ´¡
ھû˵־ᴩ·֮ھס֣˵Ҫ뿪ң𣿡
־ᱻھţĬһ£˵ұ󣡡
Ҳ⣡
Ȣô
ȻܣܸҪĹӡȵϵ飡
㣿
־һ㶣˵Ǹǹٶ
ȸǮȹٶȨҿԸ㰲Źúã
־ԥһ£˵ҿɸ㣬ҼҲǮ
ھһЦ§ס־Ľḧ˵־㣬ϲ㣬ϣҵŮˣǰҲãҲϣߣ𣿶ܸģ񲻵ģ
־ܵھħԼؿ⸧ţһ˵Ŀ⴫ϣ̲סššˡ˼ҴӦˡ
̫ˣ
ھ˵طſ־ز
Ȼ־ᷴӦеģھô˵ҺϤ㡭ǸѶĴϰھ
ھǺһЦ˵־ϳˣҲҵĸ𣿡
־æšͷ˵ǰھӰԣĻҺϲģ벻ŮˣҺø˰
ھ΢ЦĻܺã־㣬һû㣬ʲôĹҶ԰㰲Ű
־ʱ˿˼ҡ˼зݺùǡô˼鷳أ
ʲô鷳鷳ģ
ھ˵־ҷݹ׾ٵأʱȻ˳ˮˡ
˼ǡ
־ͷ˵
ھһ㶣̶Ц˵Ǻð־㣬ԺǩԼҵľ͹˾ҿǰ
šǡҰְ費ͬ⡭
־ͷ
ְʲôģ
ھʵ
־˵Ұְǿ˾ģַУǡʢó׹˾ܣĸ׽ą̇̄ˮˡ³
Ǻǣ־ļǽ磬ȥݷһ²ĸɣ
ھ΢Ц
־һ


176 Աץ
ھ˵Ҫȥ־ĸĸǿɾһҪȥˡ
ھ־Թͣھ־ȻȥԼһ£ȥ־ĸĸ
ǣ־Ҫߵʱ򣬺Ȼ
ھһ㶣ߵſڣŴ򿪣һ㶣ֻſվʮ죬ˣһھʶǸһ𣬱Լߵһٵˣһʮĳªͷӣ⻹һȴʮԸұˣòģĻʮˡ
ЩԵˣôҵģܼ򵥣ϾȥưѶʣڽҵһλĿ֤ˣʾ˺ǸݶھԵ˲
ʱ
Ǹ˵һھͷ·´½һ㣬ָھеӵ˾
һ⻰ھ¶ɱǰСӣҵĶӵģ
˵ȻҴҵĶӣҪΣΣ
츾ҲĸСһѱһָھ
ʱ־⸱龰ʮֺ¡ھȴɫ䣬ֻǵһЦһǰó˵Բڻһ˺ȥһˡ
𣿿ƾʲôҪȥ
ھЦ
ǰﾯһ㶣һȥ̽˵㷸˷͸øߣ⻹Ҫʲô𣿡
ǲ֪ǽ鲻Ҵ绰أҵ绰ǸˣҸòߵģ
ھЦ
һ˾һǰﾯҲЩֹĵѵǻʲôɣȻˣǻǲҪ
ãɣ
̽˵
ھ˵ͷó˵绰ܿ첦ͨĵ绰
ھ˵֮󣬲ŭھǰﾯֱ֮˵үǵӣ֮һ绰ǣҺܿ͵
ھ˵ͷµ绰ǰﾯ컹Ե˵Ժһ绰ʱ˵
һоϻӲ˵ãҾ͵ţɶ
ֻӣǸ̽ĵ绰ˣ̽绰һʱɫ䣬Ҳ˼䣬ȻҶϵ绰һĸղŵţھͷĶԲ𣬸ղĶԲǲ鰸ϣԭ£ϣԭ£
ɫһ䣬־Ҳǵɴ۾ھǺһЦ˵֪˾ͺãЩ˿ãܿҵ˾͹ˣ⣬סеļߣǽ𣿡
˵ţھת§־ȥ
Դʱһס̽еô¶̽Ϊʲôץ
Բİﲻ㡭
̽ɥ˵֪ղ˭Ǵ绰ֳֵڵ绰ҳһ٣˵ҪǱĻԲ
ʲô
˾ˣʱԲźȻ֣Լƺһλһۺˣ
ܿģʮǹʵľϵһˣʱʧɫ漴Ȼ뵽ھ֡
찡ѵԼԼ˾Ļϰˣ
ž
ݺݵظһ⣬ȻҲ߽ھķھ˵ܣˣû¶ɣ
ھ΢΢һЦ˵û¶˿˵ݸһļݸھ˵ܣҸһЩҪ
ھɻؽӹһȴԸɵһЩΥаŮлߣ÷ǷֶοƹƱ۸ЩԹƱ߳
ھ꣬Цˣ˵ܲˣǸŮ˭
˵ţָָС
æСݣھ
ھЦŵ˵ͷȻ˵˼仰ھһЦ˵ͷȻվߵ棬ָ˵ץ
ľ첻ɷ˵˺ܲȫץ
Ǹʲôʲôƾʲôץңƾʲôץң
ԴʱҵֿϧСȴǲʶʱƴϧǸõġ
Ե˱Ѻ֮ǼľҲϽˣѶļߣҲͱˡ
ھ΢ЦϵַУǼ桭


177 һҵı
ʱھ־־ĸĸҡ
ַеĸʮ̨꣬ˣ꾭ˮܣǳˮʵͽڳˮ⾺ѡ̨г̨塰ͳʱγˮŮѡܲΪˮŮѡƱ
ͨ鱦ѶϢھַ֪зպ󶼻ǿɶ̨ӣ־δƺҲЩ̨ӵζھԲģ
ʱ־ҵıھַз򸾡
ַʮͣòšھеЩޡ
ȻѾѮ˿Ҳʮ꣬Ȼ΢΢ЩβƣǻһһŮȴȳƣ˫ۣƯ֮¶ģ͹¹ζģԲ£ڵŦ۲δ۽һȹ磬͹£ǰ߸ͦӯӯһգԲθ߸Ө޳ɢŮеĳ졢
ַк̨κ˰ľ֧ߣǾͬ־Ҳҵھַз򸾾͸ҵҲھŮˡ
ʵν̨Ӳڽͽûν˿룬һжΪ棬ַз̨֪ӣְ̨֧ΪܵõôҲԼº·ҪǰպʧܣԼҲ·ȻھѶţǸõ·Ҫǰͬ־ʲô⣬ԼҲһô·ߡ
ʱѾ׼˷ˣھȻν̨ûɶӡ󣬵ǱϾ־ĸĸڰͬ־ûʼ̨ھҲ
ʱڷǰ˸˵˾ƣַЦƱ˵պǼ־ɾҪչˣ⺢ӴСͺǿ
ְ֣˵ʲôء
־һ졣
ھǺһЦ˵ˣҽм¶Ҫλ˵ڳھǸóƺĸģ̨ӣھŲôء
ЦŸھвˣ˵ʲôҪ˵
ھ˵Ҫ־Ȧ뷨
־ʱлΪΪĸһᷴԣ˭ַ֪к֮ȴȻûзԣЦ־ЦᣬܸȦǿɾĺ¶Ҫϧ
־벻ĸȻͨһʱ֮䲻סˡ
ھȴףַкҪֺԼΪԼвҲ̾ԷޣҲǴˣȻ̨ӣҲǲʶʱ֮ˡ
ڶ졭
̨ĳ¥ڡ
ʱСһֵڷʮ㿪ʼһֱڵķ䴫ӣҲץˣɷĲҽȻ̡
СȦҲмʮˣȻ֪νִŪͨϰյģһȨ󣬱ץȥʣҶ׹ݺö٣ԱٵʱȨٴһûȨ磬οֻˡ
Сһʼ۶ӵĴǵ˺ȴԼ飬СǸ糾ŮӣȻйˣҲǽԵŮ֮ԵǮԽ࣬ҲԽԽ࣬С˵Ǳ̿򣬾ǲСıӱƵƤⶼܲˣЩ̨徯ϣ֪ܵô̿С͵
ʱ򣬴źȻˣ˽Сʱʧɫе㡭ǲҪңҡȫ˵ҽ𣿡
㲻ý
һ˺ضС˵ɷµöˣŮʿذ
Сһ⻰һô
ȻҰô
һЦŮʿʵиҪ㣬ѡɷһ׼ɷӶ׼õһǮȥңӣ

Сһ̶˵ҡһܳȥ𣿡
ֻҪܴӦĳλһЩͿԳȥһ˳ȥɷͶӾͲУ
һ˵
ãֻҪܳȥУ
СʱеʲôҶԴӦֻҪҿԳȥ
ǺðɣԵһ
˵ţҲţת˳ȥһҲСߣϾⷿܶоܱ
Сһڷ֪⾿һҲ֪ԼҪʲôۣܹ
һһ˴̤˽ͬʱŹϡ
㣿ھ
Сھһ̶ʲôˣ㣡ҶŪģǲǣ
𼤶㣡
ھɫؿŴʱСʱ򴩵Ǻɫȹ˵Ůκܺõıճǹźɫ˿࣬ȹӰڰ֮¿ĺķѩδʱƽƽţȹмĲ濪ھֻ


178 С
ôܲ
С߲ҵĶӣ㲻ԣΪʲôҪôһˣΪʲô
ھǺһЦߵС£§סС˵㣬㲻ҪҲȲѣ˭ôԴ㣬ҾͰˣΪ㣬ܲ˰ֻҪһһҾͷߣѡ
ʲô
Сһ̶һھ㡭޳ܣɫŮ㶼Ҫ⣡̫ˣ
Ǻǣ㣬㷢ǿɰ
ھٺһЦסС֣˵һϣģ㣬Ҫ֪ڳңûκ˿԰ȳȥҲֻңſ㲻ңҾûɾ㣬ֻܽˣҪĴۣ
㡭
Сһߣܲ˵ھ˵Ļû
ھʱҲǿĴϣ˵㣬㿼һ°ɣһΣɣ
Сͷһ££Ȼûеڶѡ
֮С̾һ̶һЦ§סϵھСɫŮ˶⣬滵
ھһС˵⻰дϲ֪СѾԸ˳Լ§סСЦ㣬Ҳܹң˭ô˯һұ֤ܺúóȥ
ᣬСӣ𡭡
С˵ţվ쵽·Ŧϣ⿪ȹ
ȹĻ䣬СչھǰھĺʱˣֻС治ʮŮ˸еģǻԲѩ飬ԸеĴŮɧѨɫʽס۵ļʮѩףδʮڱõС˿û壬ͬһıһ㣬ƺڹھ
š㣬ѹҿ𣿡
ھԵ̾
ллĿ佱Ȼԣ
С򵭵һЦֽ⿪֣ڿ㣬ʱŮչھǰ
ھʱǵͨ죬̲סˣǷɿѹԼ·
С򿴵ھĴ󼦰͵ʱʱȫסˣ¶ȵĹâ૵ģĺô󰡣̫ˣôôҵļ͡
ھһЦڴϣ˵ûôļ𣿡
ҼټͣĴ󣡡
Ǻǣܳʵڸôҽɣ
ǵģ
С򵭵һЦϣſھ˫м䣬ķθ߸סǸȵĴ˱Ū
š㣬Ŀڼܺã
ھܵļͱССţĿкܿŮĿڼܺãŪھˬĲˡ
СʱΪֺھ˱ʮ̡ϴﴫĿˮ˳촽ķ϶ȥʪ˴ھˬĸˣʶ֣СĶͷ㷢Ӽ
õĶھûˣֹС˵ˣɣԿ
š˼֪
СһЦվھĴ󼦰ϣ󼦰ͷԼѨڵŪ£̾󣡡
Ȼһҧȥ
šô󡭡óʵ
ȵĴ󼦰͵ʱ̴СıӣǴľ޴Сʱͷ֮ǰΪѷɵƲöھϴǴʱȴıھǿˡ
£СضţھоССѨܽеԼļͺвϲСҲǿĳ鶯з˽У벻ھͲ󡭡͡;ô̫Һϲļ͡
ȻСһ߶һ߱סھԴϺ촽ܽǡ

ھһ߸Сȵ̣һغСǣεļǸȣ˻ཻԼͷͬʱ˱ԷҺǲ֪ذ
˼ԽãھһСѹ£˵λ棡
˵ţӼ󶯡
ŶŶŶӲมˡ
С˽ΪСˮ󻬣ԳһҲĥˮġټϴѹķġ֨֨£ھˣͣร
ھϵķţſ˱ӲӲͷ
ھ˱ҡܲˡ桭٣졭
ھԼļͼͣ³ֱֱ룬СƨͦӭھĶˮȱ̵ĺˮϵĴѨ˳Ű۵βһֱͣϡ
ӣھʵ㣬ϲϲҲ㣿
ϲϲٵáҺ
ھϵļӿٶȣҲˣйˣ
С򱧽ھͷ˫żнھһˮй˳
йСھϣھûгļͣСŵϣ棬һĺ촽鷿һ߳鶯ż͡
ھҡ桭
ھ˵ͷСһе档
СȰѼ˳Ȼ˫ȿھϣְСѨ׼ֱͦĴ󼦰̡ͣһСķһףȫ뵽ѨУŶô󰡡
Сһһֻнġ̡̡ײСҶ飬㺹죬ƵƵĽมมھˬѽ
ŤڣŤһԷʴ鷿»εţεھߵ˫סСķ飬긧ԭĴ鷿ԵüͦͷӲͦ
С죬ԽСѨͷס㺹Сƴ¿׶ӣӣһһϣѣͷ㷢ζɢֵ˽ͼͳġ̡ˮʹھӵ˷ܣھҲͷѨеھȫ
ھСŷӯ鷿鷿ԽԽͦھ촽˱ţ۵ͷ̼綹ʹСѣĵĿȫˮķŰȻ飬΢Եýޱȡ
С򱻲ٵͷɢ˿㺹ˮŪʪ˴ķֳĻãšھ㡭㡭áˬ㡭СมรܡܡܲˣมมˬมҪййˡ
С˫üأ˵ĿʹɢһŨȵˮСѨй
СѨƬϸż͵ĳССѨȺˮйСѨ˱ھͣھҲֲסˣе㣬ҲҪˣ
˵ţھٵسţСҲƴ̧ͦӭھڡһɹɾҺעСѨСѨܵǿճľҺʱ
ھ·һС˵ˣɧǮ㣬ԺҵŮˣ𣿡
Ǻǣð˼ҴӦ㣬СԺ˼ҾŮˣ
СЦ
ãԺһҶˣ
ھ˵ţ·뿪ˡ


179 ־ĸŮϣ
ϣ̨壬ĳڡ
ھϵһϣһ־ĸַܺڽ𣬻¸Աϡ
ϲ
ھ˵ͷ˵ȷȥĻַֻ̨У־ᣬҲõڳʲôĶңɵĲ࣬ĸԺ̨ұɣ֪Ҹɵģ𣿡
ףܣ
ͷ
ھЦ
Ժ̨ұ׷׿ַ̨ܺڽ𣬺һЩ̨طı濯ǵ֤ݷǳ֣һʱ֮˵ڵ顣
̰̣Ӧóˣ
ǰܺڽ𣬻¸ԱӦΣ
ְ࡭
ڵĺͰͬ־ܲӦԺܿɱģǵַͬ־ܿͱˡ
̨壬ھסľƵڡ
־ھ
ھ취ȾҰְ֣
־ᰧھʱĸŮǾˡ
ǰھҪ취
Ҳǿɥ񰢱ͬ־ȻҪᳵ˧ַнʵôģԼɷܻģ˲ŮˣʱͲˣֻϣԼĲƲҪᡣ
־ᣬҲ㣬ֻǴҰﲻˡ
ھҡͷңܾȳֲģֻǱּҵĲƲڱѣ
𣿡
ϲھġܱ֤ǵĲƲᱻ᣿
ھǺһЦ˵Ȼ˵Ǻܼ򵥵飬ֲֻҿûˡ
ûϵûϵ
˵ֻҪܱסƲôС
裬ô
־ĸ׾Ȼܸ׵ʧɫ
Ǻǣǲĸ֪ҵѴ
ھ§ס־ᣬ־ᣬҪ֪ȳ㸸ǲܵģΨһģǱĸŮİȫȻҪ۵ģ
ţʲôۣ
־ĸŮһ
ǾǣǱһҵˣ
ھ΢Ц
ʲô
־󾪣ôԣԲУ
ûʲôеģ־ᣡ
ھĻȻɫ˱䣬ȴûзԡ
ھϲ벻Ȼô˵־Ŀɿڴ벻ĸ׾Ȼ˵ֻ
裬ôܺ㡭㡭
־Ҫۣȴھ˶Ŷھȵȣ
˵ţ־˳ȥ
棬־˵ᣬڵʽǱ벻ֶε£ھְֵˣˮǸϼһӲţҪһͳȥǲ£ھĸŮڽӡ
ȻͼӴȵ˵˼Ŀ£Ѹ־ŵɫ԰ףҲҷˡ
Ůص䣬ϴ⣬˵ھֻҪܱסǵĲƲֲϣԸ־һŮˣ
ھЦӵĸŮ˵ǷģⱲҶǺõġ
˵ţھѶŮƵڴϣ˵·ɣ
˳ӵذԼȹӻڿ㶼ˣ־ھ˯ˣʱҪĸһźһˣҲܲϰߣ·
ȻѾѮڱúãƤʮٸһԲִ󣬺´ӣɧ¿ˣžˣĸŮһƨǰĺˡ
ھҲڴϣָԼĴ󼦰˵λ˶򡭡
˵ͷȴչסھļͷ˱Ū־ԥһ£Ҳھļͷ¡
šۡ
ھˬһͿĸŮȫſھߺڿпڽѸԽԽʱھļѾǴʮף˶Ͷˡ
˿ڽ˶ʮӣھֹܲŮжȻȻѹ£еɧҿ
Ȼ󣬷ֿȣͺܲͱ˽ȥ

һǼ֮ĳоԼƺ̴ˡ
ˡ졭Ұˡ
ھһδεعˬױȣ˿֪ܵ˽һԵŮ־ͷһοĸôһʱ֮䣬ߵø޵ݡ
ھʱԽԽϲ˵ˣȻӣСѨǺܽھƨƴʶһδײСѨˮҲϵʳѸʪˡ
ŶŶù񫡭š
ھļһδδûɢҾ磬Ÿ˲ʮӣйӣھҲٳ壬йʱڡ
š
̱һԣ޷
ھҲŪ˼¼ָͣ۷磬ְ־ᰴסСʹĸһͱ롣
һ
־üһ壬˵
Ǻǣ־ᣬҰˣҲľջ㡭
ھָ־Ĳ񻰵ѩΣļͿٳ鶯žžžļײ
šŶŶ졭ײˡ
־ܿҲʼ֪ܵ˽ľջű֮СѨһζھһĴ־ķΣһƴʶ壬ʽǺˡ
־ᡭ̫ˡ
ھһͱƨۣһ߿ޣŮеڶǾԵ̨һŮˡ
ϲͺá
־ʱҲУˡūūҰ㡭졭͡ú
ھʹ־ƨ۶ʮӣȻ־ƨ۶ȥ
ھ˫ֱȣѨϣСͷѷ죬ϵСѨŪֵޱȵС캬ھɵͷ˱ھŵۡ
³ھżͣھغСС෭ţȻתھƨϵƨۣھƨɣͷƨŪţ̼ھȫ飬Ƥ
ھǰһλ崿ɰȴֵĲһУһƥĸ㣬ǿҪ㣬ھǳĪĳɾ͸С
ھ۵ƨѹԼϣʼ˽ζˮСѨˣͷ£ʱҧС١
šСܡҪٶˡมССѨܲˡ̲סɧСھܵƵģʱ˱Ŀյţ÷йеŤְڵģǷͻ¡ھĥš
ĸαมôˡมˡҪϹġֹˡСѨͣˮھǣСٸǱھһһ̫ãֻƽ浾ׯͣŤҰڣɧĺ߽ţมมˬˡϹŪôˬˡˡҪˡมมйˡ
˽УһͻȻ£һˮھſ͵ھ࣡
һİˮȫºȥˡ
ﵽ߳û˶ͣ෴ھǵôֳ׳ļͣѸٵŪھھͷİƤһ¶һصСֺţŭŵҲڸлڰ㣬Ÿ߳¶İҺھ֪ھҲѾ쵽˾ľ磬ŵมС졭Ϲ̫ˬˡġมϹҪˡ
޺ӣС캬Źͷ˱ֽɧӣھ÷񣬸ھһĶţһͷϵһɣһɾҺȫھÿһζ¶ȥ
ûھ侫ֹͣ෴Сھֱðֱھ򾻺󣬲Ƭʪ޺촽һھԹĿھ
ھſһֿ̬˿Աȫڴϵ־ᣬ뵽һ˫ɫĸŮӴ֮󽫱ԼȫռУеļ޷
ھЦĽ־ᱧһԼǰ
־׻˵ĸŮͬϽtwinsһú÷ϹܲܰϹŪſ£
ϹĸŮǰǷģ˼ĸŮӲ㣬Ҫ˼ңߣ˼ҺˣȻѾˣҲҪκϹĸŮһЭѻϹŪվԺ󻹸Ҳǣ
ĵھһۣȻǣ֣Ц˵
־֮ǰ΢΢ЩĻʱĽ٣ϵ񣬸жõ˵ͷ
ллĸŮһŬܻϹ
ھվλã˫ָͷϣǰС§ھ˫ȣۺ󡢷ཱུСھӨĽҺھϴˢˮ󣬸ӵĻСʱߴߴ˱˵ö
ھһ߻ȷۺԲĽʱ־һڲںĥŤתǶ԰ۡĹ¡鼷ѹھĻĥѹ鶥Ӳɫ飬ھζʱϴųȵ档
ھӢĿ־ɫĸŮ˵ǰл±üȵĳ죬صĴϢԽļ١
ʱ︺־ĵϵױ˫ԼǶ԰˵Բ鷿ڼѹ÷ȵĽɵĺ󱳽ѹĥĥΣ˵¶Ⱦͷ·ôĥȼˡ
Ƶķֿһ̧ȻʪܵķۿھĴϣ̰͵ĥھΰ꣬ˮȪԽĥԽ࣬ھΰƨɹˮܵˣЩΪЩˮھ©ġ
ˬھʱ߳СԽԽҲ̲סֳͦʹԽԽ굽մеĺھ֪еĺܲԼȻ룬̲סԣüζ㶥˽ȥ
ţʱʱһСҧھǹͷǹӴǵۣȻɵСŪھǹ졣
ʱھˬ䣬еĳƴϢرĴּͻʱǿɰˮھ¶ǵ⡢ĹâõھһԽֱھĿи߶Ѹ
Ƿ½۵ҺھĴ޵İ⣬Ȼ嵽뷨ƽϢɵյڱ÷ظԼõ־ᣬ־ᣬС챻ĥˣһ£
־ڱĵİһھ̾͹滻ˡ
һ޻ȡã˱󡢴Ϣ˷ȼ١ʱѾһƣֻ־ʱ֣ȴˡװԱ
ھ˫վȻﱻ־ɬţǺȵӣСʱ޵Ľ˵ǻ
־ɬĶ࣬ڿǻﱿ׾ȴ󵨻Ūھĳǹڣʱİ׹۲ھı仯ٸھı仯жԼļǷأȻøá
־ĿڼԽԽ죬ھҲԽԽˬǸȻԽԽԽȣ־ǽԸеӣġ
Ϊ˻䡢Ϊ˰ΪʴǵھǰжǷ֣ھ˱ǸªĴŬļԼǶ԰˵ѩ׷۵鷿סھμȹһŴĥ¶ǰñʹԸеӣС캬ס˱ǡ
ھ㷢϶ʵСôϹ̫ˡ鷿÷û尡еҺٺ١ζô
³ھǸʹϵǹ˫ֻǼѹ˫ھ齻ţԸӣСھžӨĽҺ˿ߣź˿߾ͷ·ʱһ㣬ǻϲǽߡ
̲סĵİھһۣѾʮɵʺǸ۴ɫ֭ˮȻδھǹͷһڲŽС֪˼ңȻҪҺ־һ˼ұɸˣ
ԽԽϲม־㡢Сݱ̫Ϲĵҧˣ̣
ھѾƵԼƨɺ־ȵС˱ˬݶ˳һͲѱ䵽޵Һϡ
Сֻһѣ־С㿴ǵһˣ
ȹһ齻ͣɿʱǶ԰˵ѩһһģʺ·ǯڷ嶥ϵ貱ʯһĿǣʱȥ־һˮ۽ΡʱŹھǲ濪˫ȼ־ᣬһĲ˼顣
ֻʱ־ͷ·һСڳһ˱Сھ°ͼⰺǾСɵǴʱھСĹɹ䣬˫־Ϳ۹Сɵ˫ȡ
־ߵѾۺˣǶԷϵ׺ųѪӲСӣңεģժȡƽ̹С˵СԲ̵СƨɹһĻȡ
һ˫ϸĴ˵ˣȸʱţۿ豩¶ڿУۺɫʱϡƵķݾͷ·е׺ʢСջϵģ˵
ֻһƿǿƱշǱյĻڴʱ޳ܵ徧ӨĻۣڿɢž˵ĵķ㣬ͬΪŮ˵Ҳòˣн۵ջ
־Ӽ󵨣ĵ׵ҲüסѵֱָԼǼȻȻơȾˣƺԼڵĳڿУɵһΰھȻ̽Ըȥ
ԼС̴ֵ̽Сȥھһ⣬⽫ԶԼŮˣڴԼһ棬ԼĸĲ֣ͷ·ũʱԼһ㡣
Ŷ
󵨵һ˱ھ̲סһڳȻȱġСھܵͬһܡ
СԼŪûɢģĶʱԺѣһھǿסǺʱּȷθĸоӲǰھȻ̵Բ缦һǹͷʳᶼǺ˳Ǽȥ
䶯ʳȻͬѰխ˱˵ǿ󣬷·𼴽ھɵȥһ㣬˱ھͷסǿĴ̼һ˱ıأ
ʮܣȴޱȵһԺ⣬ʹһ˿ھװԼԸСȥ̴ں־Сͷ·ǹͲ͵Уһǰһİھǹ͵װղء
Ըеĺ촽־ᱡСھ¾ڵĵͷ·סһϵ޷죬ھˬ㫣ƮƮȻĸо!־ھıɿСסھ⵰ȻĥȻһֻڵǱմʪһЩҺ󻷻ر̽ھƨۣȻ󻵻İ˵Ĵָ˽ȥ
ھͷ·һҩͰ־Ѿͷһָȼˣʱͺһޡ
ھ˫ѹףͦײһ¾Ͱ御ˡ
ʳھֱĶײȥͷ·һľ׮һ㣬ǿҵĴ̼ܰǶϢ̺֮˲䳱ΣˮᣬѽѽšҡףƺҪھʳȻ
ʱھʼȻҲ΢ƽЩ־֣ȴĸܵһɹɹŨҵҺǹǹͷ䵽ԼĺȻ˳ʳӿԼĶȥĲ˲̴ڡ
ǿζӿ̲סҪСȻȻԼĺͷ˫ѹģ޷޷ԣߺŵʱĴ
ھˬѵɿ˽׵Ĵ֣
ɿİھֻ˻ȻʪܵģճҺвľҺҲдֻһλӵҺ岻ĴڰУҡҡλεʮۡ
ҺۿڴʱԲŴϢ޷סľҺ˳Ըĺ´Ȼ󻬵Բ°ͼ⣬䵽ϡ
־ǷۺСȻ˱ھǴ˵Сֻڴھƨۣھ˾Ҳͣ
ھͺһתѣϢתȥԼȻİֱ毺õƵ˫ſڵ̺ϣǹԲ˶Ρ
ֻԲ˶ʵǷֵصشëʺɫСϪᴩϪˮµ޽ճʪϪˮŢ¡껨Խ¶ɫ˵ˣ΢΢䶯ǿԲε顭
޺Ȫ˵˵ջھΪ֮һϣ˫Խĳ졭ʿˮĹʹñͽ߲ѵԽѿ۰˶βŤţεŤתھظʾĵļͽţƺŰƺڴߴھͦǹһղܵģɫߴִ˵ķ֡
ʱŹԲ¡εȴԼҽʪܵˮѨͽǰȫھţȡᣬھôͦǹͱ嵽ǷˮĹȵ
ھҵ־ŪҲ޷ܣҪһйſϰݡ
ھĹԲѩ׵ķȻͦ˾Ȼ־ɱڵʪǿĿչԨͱȥǿԲ͵ǹͷ˲䡮ǹĴţ˳ʪ۵Ʋֱ۳Ѩĳǹͱֽͬʶ;ǡɵΡ뺣һû˽ȥ
Ļ۵˽խʪȹ̡֭ھͱȥʱˮ֭ҺĽ͡һͱص֮ƶޣˬھʮë׶͸һˬ˵ã

һ䰧ʱٴαھң
û뵽ձֻ̢ǿ־ᡢתлƬ̣ٱСϹǸʱȻ˵ʹѣ·һպ˵˴ų˵¶ȴԼķۿ账˲䴩͸ԼĽһ㣬׵ĸоӻ۵ıѸ͵֫ٺϮȥʹĵ֮Ժһըˣ˲ơҡ˼¼̱ڵ̺棡
ڵڿð˵Ϣײ뵽ףӹڱȻĸоȫסױձٵ׸߰סɺСԲţϢεʱͨȼһ㣬·Žߡġʹ㡢ˬоȷоơ


180 ־ĸŮ£
һŴӡĿлعŤͷֵĺһھȻǷ̬֡ǧַһ㣬СÿһζҴҵĴٺõᱻͱƵģһ㶼֪ϧ˼ңС綼ᱻԩҶȥ
ھſڵϵӨۡԲķΣʼų졢ȵĽ鶯ͦЦһ뱦ƯŮϹɲŬأ˷ƨɡĽ˶¡Բ鷿Ժ׼λӪʮ㡯ĺĸףϹҪСأֻڴֽ۵ﲥСѡ
มС㻵׼˵˵˼ҡŶ˼ҾŶ㰡
ھĳˬҡΡκͦۿҡתӭڡлˮȡ˿˿˵Ļ󡢵Ĵˡݺϵ֭Һɢĳ𡢿Ұ
ھͦķȱܵļӿ죬׳Ȼ᫵ĻںֱײŷʪҺ˳ֱ嵽оףδζײ˶ǽߴ۵ӹ
˵Ľ˵ĻȣˮװſˮһĹھк󷽵ǰ沿Ӳڴǻȹ̵ӹڶͣԼסǸ߶ȵĴ̼жһǧ
ھɲôձΪһԼƨɧŵ־ҪԼٶȡιھͱƵԽԽ죬ײӹڱɿĳ룬ȻٷɿĲ嶥ȥ
־ʱǴơ½۵ʱ糺̣·͸ƻ˶ˮһεεĴ޾Ŀ󣬷ۿ账Ƿµ𻨴м䣬һõˮִʱˮĹӿʪܵķݣ˴أ©괦ɰ¡
鶯͵־Ѿ޷ٰĵɧھеƨˣһֹھĴȣһֱֻܵĸȥİԼʪܡŢĻڴѽѽš
Žǰߡ롮͹Ͻʲ־ᷢǡȥʺۣ֭ԩҵġ͹֮ͱȥʱѣڸ¡ͣһ֮»۵֭Һʱֱ죬ҪԩŵڵĻԩǱ䡯Һ֭һȫ䵽Լˡ
Ϲġ͹ʱǡݵѨЩʺˮ㸽ϹȻϱҺεδĵ©ĵ϶һ̲ˣٱϹͱȥʱžһܸɴ֪࣬ôô¸ңȻͦǷ۹ԲƨӭײԩҵĳҪԼĻӶᱻϹ崩ģÿ°
־὿С۵ӹھ濪˫ȵ£ǰǹֱ˫ȣķѩ״ƨɣмǱԼһЩĵطԩҲ嵷šİ׿ھǽŵλã༴˽ϵĵشĲݵءˮ硢۵Ĺȣԩҵİӡĥĭˣɧģ˵ˡ
־鲻ԽǺСͷڵĴڲŪţȡǶĻˮ̰֭־ɴ఺ͷǷۺ޵С˱Ĵڲ࣬һ·˱
ء
ڼȷе־ŪԼĴڲʱһּȽŴ̼ĸоӼȲŤתҡڣƺҪ־ŪھȻͷ·һһ㶤ڣȫ޷㣬סҪءб㡢㻵มֶ˼һо㰡㡭Ҫء
־ڵġаС˵ĻꡢݴСͷתˡš͹źϵķ϶Ƿ©ķˮȡԼСȻ̵ȥƺܻһǻջǵļʸС
ھû뵽ױ־ᾹȻ⣬֮ǰٸ⵰ˬھ˶ȻĻ۵ԽƵɽˮ紺һƮܣھĿȫʪٺֱЦöˮŶǲǽˮ̫©ˣ
ˡ˼ҲûС㡢־ء˼ҿܲˡءᰡ
׿ҡһΣ㷢ҡҡҡ׹ѣʱһֻڵأĵѹϣСԲźĴϢţƱյĿλãżķü˵ĽģһֻĴִڷϣɹȻָֻ걻ھĥûʱϣȻſЩĦͬʱܸܵԼۿ账͵ýģʱѿһ㣡
ٺ٣ûеĻˮô©ͣ
ھɿİγٷɿİľ׮ȥȻָķۿм䣬￫һ£Ĵˮմھһ֣ھѹķ۱ϣմʪճ쵽ǰԳԵĵЩʲôأˮػ֭أ治֪ʲôţôΪϹҽô
ܵˮʵھմճӨҺ壬Ļ֪ЩǴӺζһ߾ı˫ۣ޷
һ㣡
ŶҡҲҪ󻵵š˼ҲҪ
ŤŤľǲھռеЩҺΪԼģζԲ¿ڡ
ھͣȴ޷ܣֵ̬ĴƵļԨǿҵȷһÿһλЩѹһͷű籬Ļɽһ㲻ʰΨİܡס
Դˣ־ĸŮʽΪھŮˡ
зգŤĽͦڵķۿ衢̰ѨŪھ嵽ڵľڡ
ھЦ˾͸㣡
ءҪҡ򡭡
ȫֻʣ¶ÿﻹܵô࣬΢΢Ťͷſĺ촽Ȼھָ˱
Լ֭Һʱǽھô̼ѣʱѡ硯оȥһʱ༱ײٶ𡭡
ھ֮ڵϿȪԡ桢ȪˮɽָȴȵӣСжŪ࡭
ദеĵطòռݣ־治֪ܵ˱̼ʱ㵽Ķ塣ֱߺڡھҧýġ
ھָֻʹˬһĸй٣̼ھ䡣ͺһܼѹĥøӵĻڣʱʱȥ缱һ㣬Աʱǳʱĸо벻ò
һռݵò̤ʵĿ齹ƸȻƮ޳ĸо״˲ſĻܵĵյɽһңšС졯ھҧøھԼָǲǱҧˡ
׿ҡ·һֻҧס˺ҧĸһ㣬ֻھָҪ̱ƨܻھǿͦײǰȥҪھ˫ķ̱ӷײſมϹ˼Һˬ̫˰ءǴͷĥ˼ҵӹม춪ˡ
о쵽˴ӿĵزˣܽһĽȾһ㷼㵭ĺˮշ޵ĽұҡεѩǱѩͻͻֱԸеӣСʱԲţȼٵĴϢţھͺһ־ᣬ׼ˮ
ھɿİȻǼ͵ɧѨʧȥھȻʱֺϵһ˲䣬ھ۵ĥĥ⣬۵ǿųѪԲҲġʥŮȻ綯ġоһôǽʺ۵ıڣﾧӨĴˮ㶯죬˵ջˡ
ھɿһҵ־ᣬ־ʱſţСǽǰķֳھȵ־ᣬ㻹ʲô˱ˮѽһﹻСɧȱġ
־᱾˱ʳԩҽʱĻ¶ղҲǷ۵ĻʱԩҵĻ붼ͰǷʪСġС졯ǹȥ
ǷۿмǷˮĿ顮С졯Լ־ס˱ʱܵѿϾĵطģ˿߾ˣ˵־˱
΢ܸ߳аǿҵ̼ʹͲһִûйĽɴ̼ʥ߹ԽԽҡŵ־ɵƤСͷ굽ˮȥ½ʲǿн۵ʺ졮ʥŮʱĴϢ·Ϣһ㣬ǷۺĽһһľγ鴤˫صСڵҵߣһСӡ
ھļǣƻ־ıȻȻ׼־֭ˮСͦȥš
ھͻȻ־ǽ۵ӺȻһƺߣֱһȾ˵ӲֱͱԼĴм䣬Ȼ˺ԼСЩԼĶꡣ
һԴĸоʹֱԡˬֳʵ˵־ǹص˫ռлСʵʺѨԽĽխ
ھǽ򵥳ѣʴǵĸоھͷֱˣ̵ĻҩѾˣ˵׼ʲôʱͻᱻ̼߻
־ųһŻҸ㣬Ƿ޳Ľſǰ־С硢½۵ӹſм䣬С·̰ӤһȻ˱Űݵġ졯İСƨλöһǺ췢ϵȻʱĳ鶯ͦ
ھԽԽĳ˱ۻŵСֱߣݲĿҧһǽеġʥŮɵýһ
һתεĳУɢճΡס۵һĳ鴤ʪȵĳˮӴ򿪴ŵĻۺתǧŴһѽ

־һɵС˻Сͷء߳ʱȵĻۣĳˮǺ˺޾־ᣬֻճҺһൽԼȥˡ
־æ뿪ǱԼСӿȪڼȸ߳гˮ䲻ϣԶ־ɿС㱻һĻ¶Ҳֻˣһ컨¶ǻһ̲סһֻ۵СĨһǹ¡¡ӡµȻʪܵģ˿һ㷢ǳˮʪˣڶͷΧ˵á
йʧȥе̱־ҵĵذϣ㺹ĽɢĹ˫ƺҪסġ˵ĳˮһһѩ鷿΢΢鴤ƽ̹С˵˵ջ
߳ϵɫƲɢջѤĹı顢ɢɵķ١õϢһ̺ġ滨ͼֵڴš


181 Ǳϣ
־ĸŮ֮ĵڶ磬Ѷ˾ֲ̨棬ھһϡ
ϰ壬ǹ˾ǩԼĸ˵ϣ㿴ɣ
΢Ц˵
ھùϿ˿ֻĸ˶Ůֱȡ׿Ӽ
ھƬʱϲ⼸ŮɶδĴǰӼǰͩ뵽ЩŮھоǼѡ
ܲǱʡ
ھ΢ЦӼֲͩٸа׿ȡSaɸϳŶӣСTWINS𣿡
ϰ塭
˵ͷ˵ϰ壬ĸŮˣ벻Ҫ
ҵķ䣬𣿡
ھ΢Ц
ˣ
΢Цͷ
뿪칫֮󣬾ͽˡ
ʱŶʮ꣬䣬òģĻǸʮŮ
á
߽İ칫ңܹض˵
Цŵ˵ͷ˵ȦΪ˴ǰɣ
ǵģܡ
ͷϣܶЯǰ
֮ǰһʱƽģأܱѶĴ˾ǩԼֱϲ
šȦʱҲˣӦ֪ûа׳Եͣ죬ͱ븶ۡ
ЦЦ˵
ţܵ˼ǡ
һ˵
ѶĴϰı㣬ϣȥ
ǺЦ
ɫһ䣬̶Ĭһ£ͷõġܣ֪ˡ
ȦЩӵȻ֪ЩȦŵȻӦʵټһ쿪ʼʹϷˡ
ҹʱ򣬴ƯƯ߽ھı
ʱӴھֻ˵һ䣺ϰ壬¥ϵҵ㣡
һߵſڣԥһ£ǽŴˡ
һӢӣǱˣھ
ھ΢ЦŴԽԽ⣬ȻδŮΪԼ㲣ڵȴõʻһҼ
ãھ
ھٺһЦ˵Һܸʶ㣡
ţáġ

Ŷܺã㻹ǴŮ𣿡
ھʵ
ҡҲˡǰѵġ

ھҲ⣬ɫе۾ȴؿ˿ȣķۺխȹΪµĹϵĸ̣¶˴ѩԲĴȣֻҪԲСģɴȷпȸ˵ķ֮أѹַڴϷȹڴ⡣
ǿŸ߸Ь޳СȣҲϾ˼ھľͰͲסһˡ
ھһɳϺȲ裬һ޼ɵش˿ȡֻϥϽʮֵķۺɫȹʹӿ죬¶˫ѩ޳ĴȽǰϸ׺覴ãԲ˵ϴűĸ߼ɫ͸ˮ˿࣬ʹСȵ˿аĹ⻬ȳƣ˫ɫϸ߸ЬԲĽ׼Ľűĵϸᣬ˼ֱҪ
ھǻԲѩ׵ĺôڶȹ£Ѫ٣ųѪĿתؿȹڵĿ䣬ۣû뵽ʽɫ͸ˮ˿࣬ɴȸ˿˿߾ͷĿ۰ϸµļȻ֮ۿϸ˿ĺɫֿ㣬һϸ۰׵ǰסڶֿխСĿŨڷ˿ԵھϤķݲշƵŮ˵ľټֺŨĳֱݡ
оھĿڿ˿һסɫ͸ˮ˿ŵѩ׻ԲȣܷܷذѷۺɫȹקקȻ޷ʲôھȴˡ
ھٺһЦ§סԲΰѣ΢ĿϢ³СܵھԼͷŪ۵⣬һһԲĿüԾشӺ֮оֻеĸĸоѣǸĸоһ㣬ɢͷԼǻλҲȺģ⣬ֽܷܷŶظС
ͻȻ౻ھҧסȵ˱ҰĶʹǻеԸдǻȫҲѵȼ֮𣬺ȫԸдеͷƵġʱھһֻɫػϣ˿ʳסǵ÷ʹӡ
š
ţֻͷȼԼǶԱԲ壬ǵҪű˿ʳµӯⶥ𱡱˿ʳ£¶˶
ھͷٴһȴġ§ڻеʱгһǰδеҸ֪͸ģԺҪ
ھĴľǰ˵ţ⿪ɫ˿ʳ£˫ּжִŵؿţ鷿ѩ׶ˣʮ㣬±쳣УһĿݳ
ھҪ
˵Ҫ㡣
ھ˵ţԹĻһû˵ֻԼֻҪһθܱӵеĸо㹻ˡ
ܣ˱ҵ鷿ɣ
ɳƵֱǴԼĿ˵ģھĶȴˡ
ھȴԽԽϲˣһ֡һͶ㶼ɢһֳеĸŶׯʣŴǸˣֻϥϽʮֵķۺɫȹʹھӿ죬õ壬ԼɼĺɫԸҲڲסǰķ˶ʣʮ㣬ɫ͸ˮ˿ĳԲȺͷеΣ¶˫ѩ޳ĴȽǰϸ׺覴ãԲ˵ϴűĸ߼ɫ͸ˮ˿࣬ʹСȵ˿аĹ⻬ȳƣ˫ɫϸ߸ЬԲĽ׼ĽűĵϸᣬüĿ֮ĸϣʳ֪ζܻӭٸ飬ǣ˱Ѫ硣
ھȵ۹⿪ʼȼȫѷԲȫţһֽ§ԡǡˡ޳̲סҪ侫壬һ̲סŵľ빵Ĺм䣬ɷۺɫȹĿ洦˽ȥָȸСǿļĺɫֱֿĹ֭ˮʪ͸ˣĿʹھӿ죬ʳָɫֿгһСŨڵķݣͻȻһһֽץס֣
ھ˳˼µ֣ȴͬʱ󵨵Ľͦľķۺɫȹȹڴ׳ľĴȼ͸Сڿ͹ĹĹȲλ͸Ķڿеϸ籡ɴھĸоԼĴͷѾˮ֭͸ıɴ΢ĹϣͷҲմʪˮھһ쵽΢̵κѹԼľ˽ܵĽӴ˵ͬʱĬͦ˴˵ֳǿҵĥšɫ͸ˮ˿ĴٶȾĥš
ھٽ§øһѩϸķ۾һ洭˵ҵŮ˰ɡ
ھ漴޵㴽ǵüǿҡҲһһӵĹȥˣ˵ķɿ§Լھͷûͻǻҽ˱ҺỬࡣ
š
ѱ֪˼ˣʪС³ʴǵھܿĽס鷿µĸ󣬶ֻǸеһѣѣĴ̼£ټھĺмɵİ鷿ͼͦʱҲзӦھ˳鷿¸СĹȣ˳һʪ͸ˣ֭ϵشۺɫС
ܣ㺦ˣ
Ǵе崦оŪûɣһĸᵽؿڣ޷飬ü΢룬һȫȫ§ʵŲ̱ϡһһ޷ݵУѸɢʵǿҷˣͷҲ̲סǵ˿棬稺졢ĺߡ
ҪԸʹ죡
ھͷ촽Ǻ㴽ϣĥ㴽ͷ¡
ŪĶģȷ㴽΢ţ΢΢ھʧʱĽͷϮʪȵӣУƵӣĴʱһڣ鲻Խؽϸ۵Ķӭȥͷ໥ţ罺ؽʺһھͷæţҲûЪϢסʮఴţɫ͸ˮ˿ķԲĴȺ֬ѩ׵縡͹»


182 Ǳ£
Ͳأ
ھ˫ظ˿ѩϣɫϣھǰֵĦǽỬϸʸУɢĵٸ֮С鲻ֵһסޱȡͦ飬긧ĦʳָķָС΢̵飬תͬʱͷҧһߣӤʳһ˱š
ܣ˱˼Һ
ĸھ˱ǳ죬ü΢壬ߺ죬Ըеĺ촽Ʊ΢ţ糱ĿУϢغ߳˵ĵ
ھŪ̼£޹ǵ֫ʶŤţ޵ϳ˼ѽַ飬̬
ھ㲻뿪Եĸͦ飬ۻļĴƣ᲻÷Źκһ䣬˿⻬ķСֱµԴʤأԵôƯôˣӽ͸ɫˮ˿ⳤżȫ¶˫ȣ˫͸˿µȣھȣѩԲ޳ԲĴ׼ͷӿϸСȽʵֱЬĽ߸ЬֻнżŵأͻȲۺɫȹȹ˿˵˿߶ȫס׶ίԺһŮۺɫȹ޳˫ȼȫ¶⣬ȺСϵļⶼ˾ȣǶһ̫ʣһ̫ݣ˼˻ǡ
ѽھᴥµԵĹӣȼн૵𡢱վšҲҪ
ȥϣϧƫƫʱھִѾѸСڿ㣬Ҹʥϣϳ벽ָڻɶţ֭ˮӷۺɫѷӿմʪֵָ˵ҪѾˮ˰
ھָһƬ꣬˲·µضһ룬Ӧҵ˦סŤ鲻ԽӣдҪŶ
ٸͬס鷿ļйھǡࡢۣѪϵĳķ
ֻǱܵẬỬ壬̰ſ죬һһµţ಻ͣؽųѪӲ顣ִָͣļĹĹȣʳָָһָ΢ͳɷæݡ
Ľһ΢زһ쳱ӿϷĿ룬ｿȴѾطֿɫ͸ˮ˿ȣƾھɫָӷΪΪ
ʱھֱָѾʪ͸ĹƬĻ꣬Ū飬˫ָ㶯ѱʪ͸ĹŪˮ糺˵ĽͣС콿ĶʴǣС԰
һۿۺɫװȹҾ̲סҪˡ
ھЦţ֪ʱλٸˣȷֿһ˫ɫ͸ˮ˿ȣסԼľ׼ʪĶڣͷڶ¹Ūĥ
ǽɬǴ̼ǿĲ鵴ʳ֪ζղܣٳٲЩżرԹֵ滵
СңǲǵȲأҲ˰
ھڴϣȻѹԼ·˫ֲɻ˵СѸ߸һ죬ڵðľꡱһֿĻ꣬ӲĴͷ˽£ĹĹ
ҧһô󰡡
ھѾĹӾ֮ʼŶŶ
ſڵ³ˡı飬Щѳֲס׺ھӹĥţһһȳӿͷСҴܣ泩жȹھžҲŷ۵βͦӭĳ塣
С۸˰
˻ϣǴ˽Уζʮ㣬ͻȻھָоĹͨڽգһͿ׶йˮ
ʼ鶯ĥӹڣӺڡ
һھֽԸ߳лк
ھ֮ͣͦὡ׳ľݺݵسٸĹ˿ײ
ھرңÿεĳײͷ嵽ĻġɫĴˮšꡭꡭ
ĳ屻Ĺͨڼ·ϵǰ׻İߵ㡣
Ӵܡˣ
ɫڿӳķԲķθ߸ߵھľһһҵĳŲסҡڵ㻬ҲĶûиеκʹ࣬ĿвϵϮ񾭣Ը߳ˮкȫǣ˵ٸٶ˽԰ħʱѾͣĳǰȫ°ţ;ҵײǺַֿ
Ӵ˼ܲ˰ҰɡӴ
ıϢҲԽԽ٣ԽԽأˡٴҵӹɡ
ھľĳ鶯ĥУĹеǰδеˬ죬˫§סƨɣƴԼʩѹԼҲԲľӭϣϣĳܹӾ磡
žžž
ھĳײĴˮӵ˾ܣ
̬˷ֳʴˮ֮ʣסĹﴫĿУϢݣţҪ˰
Ҫ㣬ҵŮˣ
ھ𣬸ɴ޸߹屧Լϣűľ޴ýתӭľɫٸ߻ãĳޱȵУ𾢵سš
ʹ泩ýĵ̴ڲסķ֪ԵĽ˺ߣüʱ㡭㡭ม
ھƽׯŸ߹󣬾Ȼɧˣľȫسţ겻Ļ԰ʮֵĽխʪÿһ³嶼ľĥʮһһģʹھޱ˷ܡ
ھԼһټʮ£˶ѾǺˮ죬ʶɵֻ̧һɫ͸ˮ˿ȣٻӶľݺݳ鶯Ѵ֮ѾִĻˡ
̣
̡̣ٶͷŴ֭ˮʹ˵Ľϴٶȷұڵҡͷ̲סشУŶҪ˰š
Ϲ
ھĽ̬סˣһֽϸһ̧һȣȻβͦԭѽѵٶڣϹม
ھƵͦÿһζش۵Ļ
˫žҵ°ڶӳƬƬ⣬˱ǡ
оͷʱѪСѿĥһ˲һϯ
Ҫҵ
ּεļǼһʶԸ߳һϮϷֲǴιĹԸУѾһθ߳
˫գҧ´ҪҪ󡭡㡭šŹҰɣ
ھʼҵĳʱϵĸ߳УһһǿңܲϮʼġ
ʼᵽԭŮ˵ĸ߳ǿһһһαһλǿҡȫɴ󶨰ڲֻ֪Ŀƺ޾Զûֹͣʱھٶȱɫ͸ˮ˿˫̧Χϣ޴ľ׼ƬۺɫƬģʼس͡
ร̫̫ˡ
˷ܵҡڣھ״õس͡
ϵĺˮ໥ܣƱǶھʶƨɡ
ꡭꡭ
֮ڶ
أš
ˣҪ졭
ھ״˳͵ٶȣתķʽ֭ʪ۶ﻮԲȦŪ˵̼˷̧ܵͷͷھ˲䷢йһ㣬һŪھ˫ٶȻָ󿪴ϵسֻͣǳ͵ٶȸء
ʱѾ̴ˡҪˡ
ɫ͸ˮ˿ȸߴڼҴس鶯šٸĴĲԹٸĴ鵴ɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ٣ԽԽԽԽˡκ죬ߺϣ޵̲סֿʼ½ת˫κ죬ڱС߾ɫ͸ˮ˿ѩ׻ԲȽھ棬ڣͦۿҡлӭ
һ˲_಻򲻲ǵĽˣĹסľѾﵽ̶ȣһɫ͸ҺҲҪӹھٸ߷ͼԺ󣬵ٴΡС˱ھȻһҵضɽ̵ҽؿһɹǵҽ䵽ӹ丵βʣĹ̵ҽһһȫëˬ֡

һĵĽУлŮЪӽŸ߳ٸκ죬ޣ㺹죬
ŮֻҪ·ҲͰߡԽׯ磬ڴʱ̬ԽȻĶ
ԣ


183 ȵϣ
ȣPace Wu1978104ճй̨±УйԱ֡
1998꣬ƳרAll My Pace첻Ȧ˵ǻĳˮֽǩԼѶ֮Ȼ֪ԼϰھȦĵһԼܹĻδԿԻˮ
ȶԼòǾԵţûκ˿ԵֿԼòԼҪˣȻ磡
Ϊ˴ھصȥҹ˾ĸ
ܣ
ʱȽԼ˼Щκ죬Ȼܲ˼
ЩӵؿȣȻֿλŮ˺ܿ𣬵ǵһЦ˵¶û⣬һ޵ģˣ㻹ǴŮ𣿡
š
ɬص˵ͷ
̾һŮҪϰ幰ˣⶼ飬ԼֻҪúϰҪԼˡ
ҹƵ׷
𣿡
ſڴһŮѯ˭ѽ
Դţǰ˷šѽһ˫ְ˽
ھǰһ168CMҸߵŮӣƤѩ׷ۣزͦT֧ԲԲСƽɫţпԲβ
촩ϸ߸ЬԵøЬǡô͹߸ߵĽŹ ھĴţпĵ˫֮ѲﲻһȻһ˽ȦѾһˣô˵ҲһʮһСŮûɴҲ
ھľԼ޸ǳող˯һһȣ
ѽ˵ˣ쿴㣬ȻھϰԵذСֿʼŪС鷿ѾͷδԸŮѾͷ治
ܣ𡭡
Ƚŵ֡
еѽھ˸ƣ ʼظĦĸһֻ֮䣬ſӸι죬Сﱻûأû˷־
ɹˣھ΢Ц˵ɣȣһᰲϲϷȥ¶¶ģ£Ǵϰ壬ʱһ㰲ŸõľͷĲŻʩչллˣܣĴһᱨġȼ˵ţ
㿴㣬ⲻǼôŮܲƼ𣿡
ھССֵ֣ĿƯѽ
ܡҸ㰴Ħɡ
ͻȻھѾ⿪˿ӣ˳ŵָ֮䣬ܸеǺڴֵĶ¶ȣϵôУļ󷢽
ȣ̫Ưˣ·ˣҺúõĶһ£ķչҪѽھԼ·ǿĽ⿪С
ǰھȺߵصͷԼţ㣬¶˺ɫ˿СãTΧʧȥ鷿ԾԾǰţڿĺСӺѾƨɹ̵ͦķ΢΢ЩſھĿʱֱ㶵ͣСеԼӺ
ھòٴθ̾ĳŮԾڲͬʮС˵ĽǴݲУҲʮѻ鸾Ů˵͵ĿС
˫дܸоŮϸָԼĵŮԵָĦĺʡȵ鷿ﲻϱ任״̲ס̾мᣬдᣬƷʱѽھСﱧ˱ϵĴϣ˿̵ֽץŴ˫ȴţʴɢŷۺɫĹȥڻǽأһ뵽ܻδ˵Ĵ󼦰Ͳھͱǿˡ
ھСﱳȥڴϣƨɸ߸һֻƵ棬ԼƬ⣬¶ɫ
ƣȸеΣѾû˷ʱջŤŤˡ
ȸоھϸĿԼ̶һȣиӲӲĶζƨɣĴ̼ҡǰʹ鷿Ҳͣػζ
Ȳ˵ҺУʱֻ̣ĸоҲ˴δʸо
ִڲˣ۵ֱ˫ȱھץţֻʹŤ֫һһ£ھϰļ
žžײҺƤĥھͣضıں﷢ײʹ˷ܵصš
ȣČõģҺϲHˣҽţϹ
ššáŶϹļͺô󡭡HҺˬŶҰ㡭ϹššʹHҰɡš
Ⱦţţ˼֣ꡣ
ȵŤ壬Ժ㷢Ʈɣǰķ²ֻ溬룬㺹졣
ȣҵɧţС¼еϹͺˬ
ššϹšššŵČ¾ϲϹļͣӴš
߶׼˼ʮ£ȻھϣŤŷ۵ķΣʹھļȫûķСͷĥŻġ
Ŀз֯һڴȻ鰮ޱߡһɫ͸ҺķСѶŪû塢ճģھϵ߶Ťתʱͻᷢꡱ
ȵķС½ھļͣСھļͣĥţŮķСддȫھڲţ;ͷ·𴥵һģӼֱȫ
ʱȵķСӿһش̼ھļ͹ͷͬʱҲӿ˵ŤٶȣҲࡣ
Сɧô󼦰H̫ˡ󼦰ϹH桭á
ھͦ壬Ҳţ šHŵСɧ̫ˡˡ
ššϹšˡšҪ߳ˡűϹHˮ˰
˽ھϣʶˣھΡ
һ˵죬ǵȥɣ
˵Ŵھ


184 ȵ£
ȹࡢ۵Ƥӯ̬ھˣһܣһָܡ
ͦԲ̵ķ飬ϸ͵֫һ׸ҲûУһ紦Ůƽ󣬷顢ƨɣ޳ͦε˫Լ˫ȼŨܡë󡢷ʺ
ȵی¿ʪģŤ֫ķҡţھļ磬ھ§һ߽䡣
ڿԡָھϴȫھҲϸĦ涡˵ָĻǰԷϸİھļ͡ϴøɸɾߣţھȵҲϴøɸɾھָ̽ķСţŤЦţھָմԡ¶ķСš
Ц˵Ϲ㻹иط㻹ûϴء
˵ھָķСỮ໬۵Ļͣĸϡ
ĸСɣմյģȥָзǳŤӣھĶߣߺ˵ϹطһҲҪHϴ˵Ҫҿģͽſɣϴһϴʹ졣
ھָմԡҺᰴȵľջ٣ʳָء̽ƨȵƨۺܽԼھָ˿﷢˳ھָȫȵĸŤŷƨɣھָƨţԡҺ󻬵ãĸɳھָɳˣڿԡھѷȱڻУˮƨϴøɸɾ
ھԡһھȣͷСţС˱ţھĲӲļƽ̹Сϡ
̧һھ䣬ķС¿ھӲļͣھ˶ķΣǰһͦȵҲǰͦţֻ̡߲һȵĽУھļһβһһܵķС
Ƚ§ھļǰͦ壬ھһ§֫һֱȷķΣķС壬ǽĴķСڱߣھļͣСסھļ͡
ھͷײššھ§ȵķƨɣǷ˫§ھĲӣ˫Ȳھ䣬С½ھļͣͷڷھ͵ĳԺƮ
죬϶˵ŶϹױŰ㣬󼦰HСɧ¡Ŷ
ھ§ȵķΣ޳˫Ƚھ䣬ھļͽȵķСȵС¿ڽھļͣھȱڻУͲķС߳䣬ŵɳϣھվɳ԰ȵ˫ȼڼϣѹϣزķСҡƨɣȵķСĥţͷŷС¾ͷġůů⡣
Ŀ룬죬
ŶϹĸαСϹȡĴ󼦰HˡŶHŶ
ȡ׵ɧšɧ°Ϲļͼе̫ˡϹҪH㡭ŶH㡭Ŷ
վھļʹķСﻬ˳ſɳϣķΣ¶޵ĴѳѪֿСɫѾǰɫġջٰĸڰ۵ķεӳ·ˡ
Ϲ
һַɳһʪ˵ѼʹӺ
ھַסѩסĴƨɣӲͦļţǵһЦŤҡŷΣһֻסھļͣùͷС綹ޢĥţﴫ˵ŶϹĴ󼦰桭ŶϹѴ󼦰ʹӺȵČŶԣHȥŶHСϹ󼦰HſˡĴ󼦰H̫ˡŶ
ھļʹķ۽յСھһײķΣմջķСš
ھסķΣСײȵѩ׵Ĵƨɣÿһ£ͷײСġůů⡣СͬĻھ͵Ĳ
ھ˫ۻ͵֫һ֧ȥȻС綹ޢ٣ָմСкҺᰴšҲھңָšŤҡŷΣţŶŵɧ±ϹĴ󼦰HѽŶĸα󼦰ڌ²̫ˡŶŶʹHŶŶŶŶ
ֹһᣬɵ˵ذϣѩס顢޳ȷֵÿģ߸ߵľھſ޹ǵϣӲļķС¿ĥţմŴķСҺĥСĥ٣ĥŷС¿ڡ
ŶϹˬˡѴ󼦰ͲŵɧŶHҡŶѴ󼦰ͲȥŶ
ȷ˵ؽţƨͦţһְ֧סھӲĴ󼦰Ͷ׼ˮķС¿ڣһ֧§סھĺһѹֻ̡һھļֲķС
ھزѹѩ׼ͦ鷿ϣǰѹţͬʱ̧ѹƨɣӿ˼СѨĳ塣ŤӣС½ߣھļͣʱ˽С
һھѼķСŤƨɣ˶ĹͷڷСĥŷСġůů⣻һھְѼͳͷڷС¿ڣȻѼСȥ
ɳϡ輸ϡϡϡǶսȵČھļ˽һСʱȱھHùֽˮ㺹죬
ڣȵĽУھѾҺǿעķСǿس弤ӹ
ھƣ˫ڿ˫˴ϣ§ţҸػš
ھ§ڻ顢ھĿĻȵھļͣھȵšðš
һھſھϣͷھ˫֮ȥھļͣѩסĴƨɾھǰȵСھĸ꾫Ļļͺס˱ţھҡ
ھǰװ۵ķĴƨɣȥֿĴС̽СţôסСɵ˱š
ھļͱȹӲȰھо͵ĹͷѴȵĺͷȵС죬ӣ׹ھӲļͣھѩסࡢķΣͷķСţǼǵɫջٰСɡĸϡ
ȵķСˮھϣھͷȵĻȥǵɫġСջٰĸš
ȱھһЦƾھľջȥڣ̲סˣЦŽھѼͲĸȥ
ȹſڴϣѷƨɸ߸ߵؾ˫ȷֵúܿ¶ھʪľջ٣ѩסķεӳ£ǵɫĸԵ÷ˡ
ھſȵķķϣȥСľջ١һھȵһַԲ󡢷ķΣһַżͦġӲļͣͷ׼С硢ջٵĸţضȥ
ջմھҺ󻬵ãھĹͷ̫ͽխխġĸСﲻ̫һԼļھļͣŤƨɣھѼͼ壬ھżͣȵƨһ죬ƨﻬھļҲȫ˽ȥȵƨˡھżͣŤ壬㷢Ʈɣ㺹죬Լнţھļ͡
󼦰HƨH̫ˬˡH
ؽš
ȵĸȫˣھļܵԳˣŵԼżͣһζ
ɧţHƨۣҪHȫ
HɣĵطǣԸⱻHʲôʱHȾʲôʱHôHȾôH
ȵĸţȵָھңȵƨھļͱƨ۵ԼߣţãڰѾҺעȵĸ
Ȼֵȥϴھ§ڴϣȰھ§ھͷ۵ķΣȵסھļߣţھǶôôϲھH£ôôϲھH
ŪھļӲһβȵķСһҹھļͼȵС鷿䡢˫ż͸壬Ȱھ§ĻھļͲķС۵ؽ硣
֪ʲôʱھ˯ˣۿʱѲߡھ˯£߳ңӳھֻ߽ȴ˯׼͡
˵Ӱҹĵ񣬿ϸ֫ԲķΣھļͲɵӲھ߹ȥӺ汧סȣȻͷھһЦھһ£תͷȥæšھӲļ͸˯ƨϣ˯ȵ˯ʲôҲû
ھĸɹָ̽ķСţ٣ֻЦţķС½ʪˣֽͣڲ̨ϣ὿š
ھ˯µ°ڣȵ˫ѾֿھھӲļķСȥֻ̡һھļȵķСһС½йסھļͣھ˫ַȵķķΣżͣһһײʱ˫ֳŲ̨ھHſڲ̨ϣ
ھ˯˵ϡڳھȳڲ̨ϣھļĴġůůķСţȵķС½ذھִġӲļͣСߣš
һھȣŵĲϣڲϣȷֿ˫ȣھվ֮䣬زķСǳһسţʱĿһ㺹졣Сˮմʪھڲϡ
Щ֮Ҳ׳ھˡ


185 Twins˫ƪ֮׿ϣ
ڶ죬ھ׿ͩѾ׼޵׼ھָųһǰܺãд԰Ӿأס
֮ͣھԵһ£Լȥ߶Ů׼׼
ھʮң߳ЩĽĸھŮӾص㡣
ھ΢Цŵ˵ͷ̤߽˱ҶЩʵعš
ӾأھʱסˣֻǰӾµŮˣ˶վӾر΢ЦſԼ
ֻ׿һƷԸеİɫʽǿסؼλס͹ӣңԲȴ¶࣬ѩ׵壬鹵TҲһϸϸĲĹ˽޳ѩ׵ȣͦΡھ֪ӾװиɫɡɫӾŮԽɣΪǳɫĹϵټϲϲʵһˮͻ͸ӵ׿ʽѾǼƷԸУҪѡɫˮ͸ޣҪջھ
ϴһīɫӾ¡ӾµĺܽʡʽҲǳӱֻظ֮һСԲֺ͵׿Ĳϣ濴ȥγԵΣûССֱһ۲۵ʽǾ.Բ.Ҷüһһ˵ˡ
ھ΢ЦǰŮ̾Ϳ˹˵ܣˣ
˼ҵܾŶ
ܣ˼·ÿɣ
ھ΢ЦŰڰ֣˵֪˭ǲ׿ǰʲô
Ůһ㶣̶ץסھֱۣ÷˫ھֱۣ˵˼ʲôΪܳ˧ôǮ˼Ҫúź
ھЦ£˫ضŶŮ壬˵ǺðɣȻҸ㣬Ҳ㲻аߣȥң
˵ţھתȥ
Ůϲæϡ
˽ڹغţھʱа㣬ɿѹ·Ҳ߶ʮһһѽ׿ѹ£ֳƴӲ׿Ӿ±߽˽ȥǽʵƽС죬˲׿СѨĲ׿Ť֫ưͣȴھ롣
ʱվԣһֻ鷿һֻӾ㸧﷢ھԲ׿ַ
׿ĶӾ֮ǰǷѿʼͣʱھǻƵļ¸͹ĲŶʮĵĲ׿ǸŮ͸˵ﾭھⷬŪֻӹ̼òϳ鴤ɧޱȣδʱһĶ³鴤μŵϸ체Һ
Ҫš
ʱĲ׿ʱ֮һ֧ϸխ֫ھĸŪڴŤǷʵΣ磬ת
ھǴ֣֪׿ܲסŪ׿⸱ѽ߳ģӴ߶ھһӾ¡
׿ʱǸ߳ڼýȻ֪ھΪڻ㱼ھֱԼӾɿ˳ѩ˳ĴȲȥʮĳŮʱţھڴϽ§š
ھŲ׿Сֻŷ΢ĵС»ȥס׿ķۿ裬±Ƿ̵״׿΢΢̣֬һɻָС
׿һӣˣǽŪ˶ӣһ˾á
ھʱǲ׿ӰӣǸŮ˸Ǽʳ֪ζСɫħޱ룬Ӳ˼֡
ھʱеС׿һúģ
ɫʱǺ޹˼ɣֱյԵĲ׿ϣ٬ƱԼ׿⽿Һ鰡
һֻڲ׿ʵϸŪֻò׿ŤھµذڶţȴȻѲھצʽʵھץ¼ֱҪ֭Һ
ʱҲھıϣʼĺ󱳺ƨɡھһŲ׿һЦúźңһˬ찡
ܡ㡭㡭Ū˼Һ
Ĳ׿߶ǹȻа
ھЦŸͷڲ׿Уͷ쾱ȥڽ׿һ˫Сʪ˫ѹסδ׿һֻϸ̴ԼǻֿȵؾһƾַԼʪĿǻ
׿ֻĿ֮಻ѣ̲ס乴ƾǸĳŪԼ۵Ϳǻαͬˮ߰ζͷǿԼĺıַĸо׿ӺصĽ޳Ӷַ̱ߵĻУ鴤ѡ
ھڲ׿þƽѧ༼о׿ܵϢȥʱɿĿǻͷ˳ֻ׿Լ΢̴࣬ڴڵشϢţһнҺ˳˵ȫһַƾԼΪ̱ģھ˫ȼδȥ⾥ӲԲ׿鰮֮ĵٴαˡ
Ų׿̱ĵڣǿ׳ٴѹȥ
ھ׿СҪ㣡Ҫһ⽻ڣҪС˻
׿̲סһžͺߵı۾
׿ôôᣬŮԶеζھԳھ̧׿°ͣ۵С죬ͷȥ׿߼ˣ׾ӭھܿģ׿ŵ˫ݱھˣھͷ˳˽ȥһȡ۵ķ㡣ʱھĽ׿ĹڻھȴӲľֱ׿СסļѹĥţòھͲ׿ӿ
ܿ죬׿˷Ӧϸ಻ߵĶھ飬˫ҲھӣԼ㻬Ľܵھ塣ΪкģĸỹǷǳ֮
ܣ˵ܸĿ𣿡
׿ޱȵ૵
ھһŲ׿һߴ׿ͷİɣұ֤㳢ױȵ꣡
ţھϸÿһ缡׿鷿ƨɻԲۣС⻬ƽ̹֦ϸ޳弸ûһ˿׸⡣
ڣھͲסˣӷڲ׿ϣҵС죬ڲ׿ѩ׵ϲס˱ǻԲķ۱Ҳϸϸ˸顣̫˷ܣھԵЩæҡ
׿ȴߵһҲҶ˳СèţھĽĸĦǡŪ
ھڲ׿Ķʵ׿𣿡
ھĻò׿۱յĸˣҲŤһߡ
ھϲŲ׿ߵӣǣھȵǾһ˲׿ϡ
׿ѱھȼ̲סı۾촽̧°ͣ˫ֱסھĲҵ
ʱҲʽ¶Ŀʼ˼ھͷ׿ҧŲ׿ͷͣ˱
ʱǣһĸӣһķޡ
ڴϷšţǵ촽ճƵһ𣬶˵ͷ׷žһ𡣵ھ뿪׿촽ʱ׿İͷ׷ھ졣
ھ㿪˱Ų׿ͷҲͷͲ׿ͷڿоšھһߺͲ׿ҵţһ߿ʼ׿鷿
׿۾ѵõ᣺ھȵִĸоо鷿ȫɢò׿ȫС׿ķ׿˫ȲĽ
ھŲ׿Цôˣ
ܣ˼Ϊ
׿˼Ŀھһ£ֱ۾
ھЦˣͷʼ׿ѩ׵ķ۾ķ۱ۡԲ鷿ȥ
ھѩ壬ͬ㣬һָʱ˲׿ȫ׿һŤһ壬˫ֻסھĲھ˫ִŲ׿˫飬ָذţ鷿ôеԡ
һЩ˵ܣ˼ҵ鷿أ˼
ȱ𼱣һһһǣ
ھ˵ţڲ׿Ƶ֮䣬˵㣬̲סǹ󡢷ԸСΡΡ۵塣ھ촽ͷݵ鹵鷿ĸȥھڲ׿͸˵Ѱ㱥ͷͷۺϻţʱǶԱԲͷ׿鷿ԸССʱĲ׿ٵĴϢš
ھ̰ſ죬Ѳ׿鷿Բͷš˱šš
ھ֪Ů˵鷿ǽ˽ֻҪԼһգŮ˾ͻǿҵĿСһֱûԲ׿鷿İŴ̰Ľͷһֻɵһֻͷͷͷڣǵ˲׿زŲ׿鷿̰˱šأͷʼ˱׿ӣҰ⡣鷿˵󣬶ǳʥĻ䡣
ʱھǱ˱Ų׿鷿ھ׿⣬ھҧ׿⣬ֱھͷ׿鷿
һߣھIƵŪ׿ۼͦ鷿ָŪھ鷿ǰҵ鷿ȦȦţͷȥ۵⡣
ʱ׿ȫ˼˵ĿеУԸдڼ˷ܵ״̬ʱ׿ھܵƵĽھͷھͷԼ鷿Ͻѹţʹھڲ׿鹵



186 Twins˫ƪ֮׿£
ھеǣﺬ˱ø𾢣ס鷿֣øһһʹò׿ûͣǰǶ鷿飬һȫ顣
׿ԵĿУҧϢھŪ塣ھšŲ׿⣬ͷ£ҲϵĴתš׿ܲھûȺӣҰھ˱£ӲӲʪʪģε˴ѡ
׿忪ʼŤ忪ʼ΢ĲѨӹҲʼʪĴˮ֭ˣСɵıǿʱĴ캵ĺ̡ܡš˼Һ
ھٶ˱׿Ŀмӣս׿ͦ˱΢Ĳšھұߵ鷿ٶȻһ飬ᵯŽ۵⡣
มܡˡม
Ų׿ģھҰһȼաھȲõĽ˳Ų׿ز¸׿ϸ߹ǣ꣬˲׿С
Ų׿ļӾ磬ھ΢Ųﻹͷһֻ̽խȺڸϲ׿⻬ϸĴȣ׿Ĵȼȥĸоϵȵ֬񡣲׿˫ϵ΢΢ֿھָڲ࣬űӾĦе˽ʪʪӾ±ˮ֭ĸʪˣӾ˳Żڵſȥһ죬ھָϸ촦Ħ
ھ˲׿Ĵ鷿ƶ˲׿˵ǵشھڲ׿խСӾ°ŵܡ˵ڣű˿ھܸе˽¶ȣܵڲ׿Ӿµĵײʪ͸ˣ֪ǺʪǱ׿ӻİҺ۽ʪġھȻ⾫ˣھĴȺͻԲķΡ
׿Сôƽ̹΢΢Щ¡𣬵Ƿǳ⻬׿ĶƤƤ壬ƾ漵ʱ̥ſģƤ֬ھƣݏһֱ˱ĸо
̲סھͷʼŲ׿Сȥ׿΢΢¡Сھ˲׿ģھ˲׿ԲֵĴƨɣ׿ǻʪѨڱȫ¶ǰ
۵۴Ѿкܶഺˮ֭ԽԵ۴ۡʱһޡ졢顢Ըеȫھǰס˫ɼ䣬ŨܡںڵķݳʵڻܵɽĹȣġۺɫ۴ȻڻŻİһԴ΢΢ͻǶޢˡ
һ⹵ƨһ룬⹵֮İŽţ±ǱһŨܵëŵ¡ǵشԵø⻬һճͷƬɫķʺ۴ȻͳѪ΢΢ſţǾİС۴ѾѪѨڱˮ쳣Ĺ⻬мͻ˷ǳߵ쳣ۺۣھĵطһ뵽ھǴխС˵ĶѨｵھϾҪ»ȥסھĻ
׿Ҫ㣡
ģھһֱ׿֫һס˲׿׿͵һ𣬷ǳеĴһ£ȱļһھָ׿סˡ
ھ΢˫ۣѹšоšָϴģǲ׿۴ʪȡһӲ׿Ʋסг˵ھĶˡ
ھٺһЦһָĲ˲׿Ѩ׿Ѩ紦Ůϣھָܵİھֻ΢תһָò׿ܵİҺھָ䲻ϵ
ܣ𡭡˼ҡ˼Һ¡
׿ԽԽ
£Ůһֵġ
ǵģھҪŮĿУѶŮֵöŮԹԵ˳ףԼĴϹһġ
ھ촽Ų׿Ķһֻ쵽׿ǰĦ׿鷿һ־ڲ׿ĦھŲ׿ë³Ƭ۴ҲŲͣ
С׿Ȼ
šܡม
׿һھ§ĸ
ھưŲ׿͵׿ĴĲһ۴ڴһǿҵһʪճİҺ˳ھָ˳׿ŤӣӲ׿ĺˡมม
Ŷ𡭡ܡม
ܿģ׿Ĵˮ֭ȪӿƵࡣ׿ѩ׵ĴȼһƬ壬Ĵ۴ҲѾѪͣһһϵ⶯ھָŪŲ׿ÿһëëһ߷ֿʹ׿۴֮ǿ˸ͻԳ
ھָſ׿ƬͳѪ۴ָ꣬Ūǿˣ׿ֳǳеķӦˮ֭ϵĲ׿Եļн˴ȡھָ¶׿Ѩڣֻһ£׿鲻Խķ
มม
ھػΣ׿ͻˮ֭ϵ磬ʪھơھָڲ׿۴ڷĻšš
أ׿ھָĻ׿֫ѡ׿΢΢ֱŴȣһ˫طţһ治İڶһȵŤƨɡ
ʱѾôƴοˡ
ھʱſڲ׿Ķô׿𣿡
׿͵͵ţม꣬ܣม
׿̲סĽг
ھָػ׿ڲϵӿȵĴˮ֭ھѲ׿۴ֿڲ׿˵֮䣬¶˵ۺɫСͷˮ֭ʪ⣬Ǿǲ׿黨١ھָŪ׿Ƿۺɫ黨٣ʹ֮ĶţĳѪǴӲھǷۺɫСʱ׿ͻȻһССľΣھ̼Ų׿黨١
รܡˡมҪ
Ų׿۴괦һɴˮ֭ʱ׿۴ڲҷֿĴսҲ΢΢ķͦ
ม
׿ȫ˲ŵĴڽſˡ׿Ѩѱˮ֭ʢ͸ʱ黨ٸӺֱֱͣͦšھָһδӲ׿黨ٻѨڣִѨڻ黨٣黨תŪ
׿һΡ
ھָϵİŲ׿Ըд׿Ѿȫġ̰׹׿еԨ
ܡมม
ھָһӽ׿Ȳӭȥָֻ޷ƵĽץ󴲡
ھָϵĲŪŲ׿黨٣ȵĴˮ֭Ҳӹϵ˳ھû׿İھָ˽ȥʱӲ׿۴ڴ͵Ĵһǿҵסھָ
มมҪĥ˼Ұ
׿ѩ׵ƨɼԴۺɫļΪջİݴ±ǳѪĴ۴꣬һλʱûڴˮ֭֮£ھڲ׿ϼǴֱŲ׿ھָ֮ˮ֭ϵĲ
ʱ׿岻ھָȥֳķӦϸ֫ͦ𣬴ˮ֭ٵھȫŪ׿ĿУھһҲͣھԺÿ춼ܵŪ׿Ŀ֣ھÿȥ˳׿ÿһݣĦ׿ÿһƬ۴꣬в׿Ѩ⡣
ھ§Ų׿ǷӣַʴƨɣŪͷʺ۴꣬黨ٺĴˮ֭ھﵽ޷Ƶĸ߳
׿ھ켫磡
˵ţھںƣֿ׿˫ȣԼĴ󼦰쵽׿ضſڣ׿Ŀһ䣬㽫ھľһ̽ڡ
ھе󼦰ʹһ㱡ħ׿СѨеýģȫһһʵĵͨƵģ׿һһµŪʱı۾ĿУǳ׽ƵģھҲ˳Ų׿İڶµϲ׿Ūֻ׿ѨˮͲ׿˽һγ˶˵

׿۵Ļһʳ˺ɫѪ
Ų׿ͦǶԼͦ鷿ҲŻζھ̲ס˫ָǶӲͷŪȫĲ׿ˬţ׿ʱͦƨһһµŪţĥתһӣټٵͦΣô󼦰ѨĸŪţʱµͷھĴ󼦰СѨʢ
ܡġĵĴ󼦰šҰĴ󡭡󼦰ˡĴˬˡมҪ㡭ҵСѨܡñˡҡˡ㡭ְְ֡ǿ̫ˡ
׿ΪŮ˵ܽȫھĴ󼦰͸ӭھļҡƨɣˮˮõʪ˺һƬ
СѨˬมҵĻġ㶥ˬˡ顭ˬšˬˡม졭Ҫ󼦰ԡҵɧѨมˡš
׿ٵĴϢͽ˽ھ˷ܲѣرǿԼֳĴ󼦰ڲ׿ǴŮխѨţҵĿκθо޷ȵġ
ҵ׸硭ֶҵĻˡˬѽˬˡ졭ԡ
Ų׿ԭ崿ȴģټСѨеĿкͲʱڹͷˮˬھĴ󼦰ǵøӲ֣ھŲ׿ֱͦƨɣʱ׿֮ǰţԼŪӲСѨһĽҧھļֳͣһɹ̵ˮ
йˡ㡭ˬйˡ
׿ھĴ󼦰Ͳ鱩ۻˮһֱھĹͷϣҲŸ߳ˬжĵھϣһɹɵˮСѨھĴ󼦰ھƨ£ѴϸŪʪһƬ



187 Twins˫ƪ֮ϣ
ھ׿ѾйǽһԣתͷŰʱİѾϵԸӾװȫǶԾ޴ԲĴ鷿¶ţھĿɿڴĵDֱ޸ǳ
ھһͽڴ쳯ȥͬʱ˫ǰŰĴ鷿
ม
Ĳˣ˵ھģŹ¿Ūĸ¿Ķͷ۴·ֻΣᶶϵˮ̫֭ˡھ˰ѩ׵Ĵ֮䣬黨ϵĵطͷš
ม
ھͷĻ}һ顣ھصסխ죬ءϵ»
Ȼѣ΢΢ֱȰڶˮ֭ѽѨͿĨ׿ġھ촽ȥһ淢εŴˮ֭ͬʱѨĴˮ֭ٶȵӿûھ⣬ھ쳤ʹ
ھԼõ㣬ðԼеõܣھѰ޳ѩ׵ĴȸΪ󵨵ĳſҶԳƵ۴濪ʼһƬƬ˱š
มมšġҺม
̲סĽгھȣڲϵӿȵĴˮ֭
ھĿ䣬ںɵķôھų졢ԸеŮ˽еġ˵㣬ھôʪŨܵķݣ¡͹ŷʺ񡢻Ĵ۴ֿ꣬󻬡ʪС۴꣬С綹ޢˡ
Сɵ˱ھüͦھְⶥĻǴĻڱڡھŰ۷ķΣͷܳ̽Ļ˱󡢽۵ĻڱڡĻڱڼȻִ塣ӰĻһɹҺϪȫͬţʶԲ׵Ĵȣѷķ̧øߣھܳ׵˱Ļڱڡ
š

ʱѾѪͬޢ磬ھǳɵĺͻ𰢽ʹһĲӰĻʳһɹҺĻŪûճģŪھ죬һɹҺ˳Żջѩס۵ƨӳ£Сɡۺɫĸ纬ŵĵɫľջ٣ǰԸеƨۣ
ھ˱Ŵˮ֭ͷ۴ֿ¶˷ۺɫСͷСͷˮ֭ʪ⣬ǰ黨ѽھ򯾴ǷۺɫС
รܡҡҲˡ
Ű۴һɴˮ֭
۴Ȼµɶսҷֿȣ̼ܵ΢΢ֻ̧ץסھͷ
มܡˡม졭ˡ
ʱһǿҵ
ͻȻתץסھСϸ֣ͷ̻ȵ˫̽šھͰһӿҰһ
มܡҡĲˡ졭
ʲ壬岻ĲšĽVԵıĶھܲѣ̡
һʱŭƵĸ߸ߵţ¶ǵĵ˼ޣͷͬһֻСȭͷ
ڰ֮䣬ͦӲֱͦľȥĦѾʪܵ黨١ͷͰ黨ܵĽһ໥Ħ
ʱһͷĹ¿һſڰϣȸŰƨɣëڰϣ޴غǻƵĴͰĴ֮䡣
Ĵˮ֭ܿͰͷʪܵġͷ󣬸ӹ⻬ӲͦͦһֻСȭͷڰ۴ڴָ촽»ͷ۴겻ͣĿţӤһҧͷ
ִľǴ˼ޣʮǳԲļӲͬϱߵ͹һͻͻҶëһE룬ӵľʹľԵøӵĴֿҰ
ľڰ۴ȵĻţǿҵĴ̼Űĸй񾭡
ǶԷĥ˫߸߸߾˫ֿëǿѳѪ͵۴꣬˷ۺ͸ѨڣеĵȴĲ롣
ͩˡ졭졭ܡͩҪľ
Ժ˵ھˣͩͽˡ
ڰ˵šͬʱӲͦľҲĵ˰ʪѨڡ



188 Twins˫ƪ֮£
۾Щŵץסı۰򣬡ܡ
Ȱ˵꣬ھһǶ˰ϡ
ھһֻȥڻ۴꣬ץӲޱȵľ׼˰Ѩڣ˶ͷ̽˰۴궥ڰ黨ϡ
оϾҪˡ
˫ǿҪеĳ嶯˫ֽץŴ󴲵ıأƨ𡭡
ɲǼ䣬еѨ͵һɸȸ̵İҺһӿͷϡ
ھ͵İǿƨɣ۴Ҳ漴ſˣͷһӻ黨٣ſ˰С۴꣬˰Ѩڡ
Ȼֻ˰ͷһΣѨҲ漴һһɹɴˮ֭֡ߴ
һӿ˳ʪճ
ھûаѾֱӲ룬ٴγͷڰѨڷ»ʹ۴ͬ໴ӤƵſڴš
ھٴνͷѨʱѨȲ˼£һǿҵľΡ
ڰѨε˲䣬ƵĹ׵ͦβ͵һͦ
ڡһȾ޴ͷƿ۴꣬黨٣ŰѨšΣɲǼ䣬ȵľްѾưĴŮĤĲڰˮ֭ѨУ

һۣһ۰׵ķδ䡢µ׶ţֱæ㺹졢㷢衢ţ
ˬšҡˡ
˫ץԼķ˫飬ϼѹ࣬ŮϵĻ䣬˿ܵ˺
㷢Ʈ㺹졢٣õڳڼʵг׽ţѸչԹɧޱرóʵมͩáϲܡĴáมáþûôˬͩıˡ
޵İˬˮСѨڲϵйմھŨŨëɧ˵Ľдھ̼˷ܿӦţᲨˡСѨŶŶСѨýСеҺѽ
̡ϳʱʹðø߿ۼշɺ죬ֻڷοֱ䣬ͣ׶ѸǱСѨŪھȻھƬһǡӣСҧȻĸİ캬ȻСѨȻھ˷ܵ㣬ŵھͦȻӭɧ˵СѨһ˫ħֲʼįĺݺݵŰǶ»ζŵĴ鷿
鷿ִַ󡭡ú桭
ھ̾߰š
۵СͷھӲͦ۷סӣ뿪ͣŤΣ̰ȡ֣泩ޱȣճĵı飬ͷɢ㺹ܡţáʹ졭ܡ㡭ҪͩˡܡܲˡܡˬͩҪйˡมมͩܡҲͩɡһйɡ
̣һɲǴӻйˮͬʱܵͷȾҺȪСѨ콵¶úСѨֻйطھϣ㺹졢ź˵͵͵
ھҲʮֿźˮİգ˫ָ⻬ѩ׵壬ϵ۵ĽܵղŵĿҰ֪Ѿܾûйˣ²һϧðٿһΡ
ھһ˿ҵİƽɺڴϣھڲɴΣ޳㡢͹ԸеǰźţСѨܴŵǣŨïʢë޵ȻʪѨ΢۵оƵҷֿƺڴ˵Ȼο塣
ھƵԲɡŰڴ˵ͽŪǿֵĲˣԺζſֱҡʱɧ˵ģȻƺ͵øӲҲӴˣҪȫӯԸе塣
ھգƵĽѹˬĵϣ˱Ǻ˵ͷָȼ䣬ŪŨܵëŽָ밢СѨⶴڿŪš΢ա΢š顢ѣมม
ھתӣ밢γͷԣĴ֮䣬ʪСѨھ˱ͻСˣŪð߳㡢ˮġϣܡܡͩҪҪˡҡˡš
˫ȲЮסھͷϸִŪǰȻĴŪʹȻ̰ͣſ޺ԸеС캬סȻƵƵ˱ţС׽׳Ŀڼʹھйһкǧĳ嶯
ھͻȻڰӣСȻһת˫Ŀɫ΢ա̵İָʺʪƬŹ͵ôִȻﶥסѨڣٰùͷĥѨͻˣƬ̺󰢽ֱޱȵ¶˳ܡٶͩˡáͩҪͩҪռҡ
ǣھο壬ھ⼫ˣȻ׼ʪ糺СѨһ̡ͦȫ룬ķ䣺á
ھ޵İռûˣһΪֵõʵĸоѨȻеýġھŪŰĴ鷿ߺسŰСѨ˷ܵ˫ֲھӯķβͣŤӭھĳ壬ѣȻ
ھ˰˽У˴󷢵ظֱͣѰѨĶд֫ٺ˵Ϳǰδˣ˼㣬˫ƴھβѹԼĴƨƴͦˮʹ˫ǺΪһ壬԰Ļ䣬ʱͷھǴ׳ȻͽСѨѨƬȻĳ岻ͣķֱѰܵ١̺졣
ھ˱ǰʪȵӣС죬ﵽ㣬֫ǡܺϣ˫˫罺԰ھ˷ܵĴϢį޸ټ󷿼໥䡣
ˬܡͩᱻĴ󡭡ͩˡͩϲıŶͩ桭㰮ôô桭ͩҪ㡭ˬͩҪ
ͷɧ飬̼ھ˵Ұԣݺݳţ˿ѡ㺹ܣ߽ţȻĴ̼̫ˬˡðı
ھҰèдĳͣȪԱ߳˰޹˼ɵġŶӴ⣬Ȼ͵ġ̡ˬƵƵŤڷھĳ壬ƴ̧߷ԱСѨȻ׺ϵøС
áͩ߳ˡҪҪˡ
ھ԰֮񣬰Ѱʤ䣺ܡѽˡ
ٿȻ˫ֽץסھ䣬ͷһСѨȻסھĹͷһˮֱй̵ھĹͷ͸ĵ飬ֱ̣Ȼ˼£ʱȺľҺ䣬עǱܼСѨ



189 Twins˫ƪ֮÷ȣϣ
ھʱδ°ֶһѴĲ׿Ҳʲôǰˣƣһͦ߱롰Ŷ
ͻĳʵʹ׿Ƶĺһ˳ˡ
ްڲ׿ѨУоֺһ׿Ѩ
׿βһκ󣬻ڷȻղһ룬ھ̫󣬶׿ӱȽϽ˺ѰʹѾò׿üͷ죬׿ۡ
ھ֪ԼŪҲв̣ҴʱΣѾ˲٣ͣſڲ׿ϣʼסĸ
š
˳ƽס˲׿ỬӣھԲֻǴƬЮסĴĥͷû˽ȥߴӵ̴࣬ɨ
ھ༼εӣ㻬еĿУĲ׿ģԼƲסأ˳Ĺ٣һ˿һ˿ĿСסӣھǰңֱӹͷǰŪò׿ϾӦӣ治֪úúøĴƬĥǸͷŪźأ
׿ֻŹĵ壬ҵĺı֮ǰˣȸձŪϴ֮ǰҪӯ使٣˿̶Ѿſ˶õ޺죬ͦڰ㾧Өĸ߷ͷ׿һߣޱ۶ޱȵƮѩ׵ļȾ͸̺ɫϢ֮䣬͸۵գˮǽһߣĻ֮ȴˣټϲ׿С΢ţ۵زסԼҲأ
ԭʵĲ׿ھѰʪϢڵõһ㣻ھȴǿ뷨⸩ȥڲ׿ֻ֮䣬Ĺȼ
ޱȣڲ׿ϣ鹵ԭôеĵشڴ˿ѱշ˴״̬֮£ǴĸоҲھֻ¶ѣȥ̶̵Pѱµ鹵Ħ֮ɦĸоȴǸ
µУھҲʱΎŲ׿壬˵ĥĲݽڲǳܵԸдӵĦ£ǼдǱ̼һػǹģһĸŪǻ
׿۴ѨԽԽȣˮ֭ҲԽԽࡣ׿Ѩýȣ̣ʪʪģ秲ƵʪѨ˿ϷİľްǱϸ۵Сͬʱܵ˱
ھеһƬȣݏȫѪҺһӿ꣬͵ζ
һᣬھò׿ѾӦˣٴιͦ𽥽ް롣
ھʼĶÿһε룬סСΨŪ˲׿
Ҫðܡø硭㡭ĺúô󡭡šˡðҡ̫ϲϲˡ桭˰š
ھľްͲ׿Ѩܵ໥ĥѹţͷ˰ĿУ׿ҵشͻȻھĸо׿۴ڼ׿۴ڽҧľްӡ
ǣһ
һ˵֡顢ᡢľްӲ׿Ѩﴫ˳

ھشг
ӿĿЁȫÿϸʹ˸ǿҵ
ھôֽŲ׿Ȱͦľްзš
׿۵ĴȱܵĹסھԳӭ|޶ȵ
ھĺˮϵĵڲ׿ϸۼϣŷӯ˫ȥ㺹ϣ龰̼
ʹھеȣ鲻Խĵͷȥ˱Ų׿ʪ̵ͦ⡣
ھԵĸе׿ʪĽ׳ʵ壬ţŤţ
֪У׿ѨѾϤӦ˶ľްʹȻȥ׿Ҳű仯
ǾްĴ׳;֮Ȱǲ˵ˣƫƫھоȴϾʩÿ³֮䣬ɽչţ۵Ļľת˲׿ˬȥģ֮䶯ȴò׿죬ݏÿë׶ڻÿ缡ڳȴûбȫʱǰȫ̱ľˡ
ŨȵĲ׿ͺŪŵһ㣬Ȼңѷɵ⣬ҪϹȥ⻵ĵļһȴƫƫߣֻǱǿݏƵġ
ھֶλֹڴˣһͦ鶯һ߱Ų׿Բ޹ǵ㼡壬ڷ߶ţȫղŶԴ׿ͰǰŲ
š桭ĺðš̫ˡš
ھ߶׿ܿˣԭţھ߸ɱߣ㼤ңк֮䣬ѨͷӯӯᣬĴɽ£Ūͷ㡣
˼֮󣬲׿ɾ͸о߶֮ĺôˣھӿж䣬ԭֻ޵ؿĵľްһһµŪŲ׿еĵشζĽ̲ס˿ڣ˳ھһ߶Ľٴ죬סڷиͳȥ
ټϱû֧ţ׿ĽֻܰצƵؽھϣ˫ֻסĲһ˫Ƚ䣬ѨǺ޷롣
ھ߶ı任֮£ÿһһϣ»ĵͷ˵ھ氮˫ס׿ԲΣв֮зִ磬ްĲڲ׿ĸоȴǱһһµͺһ㣬һһºݵģڲ׿ĴĥĲ׿֡
ھֶôǿңһһ׿Ѿˡ
۵ĻĴϮò׿һ㣬ھľްǰӲͦǹ⿿ްɽԲ֧סһ㣬˫ָǺͣЪڲ׿ظŪֶǻЧʮİŪ֮£ǳʢ͸˲׿ȫ¡
Ǹоʵ̫׿ˬĻȻң֪ѱȫռУѵͦҪĴϢһһؽĿִͳ֮߳£׷ףھ߶رеʱܰ硢ﲻݣ֫彻֮Һźˮ࣬ڵĿʪһ㡣
šˡˡ󡭡󼦰͸硭ҡҵ̫񡭡㡭
һĵĽУ׿ֻ߳ƶ˿ڸ߳Ȥļ֮£ǿлɽأ忪ȫըҲ޷ˡ
ƫƫ׿Ѿ̱࣬ھֶΣҪʼأ
ڸ߳弤ãȻ֮У׿ֻ飬Ҳ޷֮жˣʲôͷãȻ֮У׿ֻƣھ֪Ӻζʥּһ㣬׷棬һܵⶼûС
ھָʾ֮£׿ɴϣ˫ס˫ȣѾһΣǳʪ󻬣κõʢѨ߸ߵͦȫһ¡ƾ׸ģ
ھԼأ˫ֳڲ׿࣬òŸչٹǾɵεļͦްһһֵ˽ȥٻ֮ʱĥ£Ūò׿عⷵƵؽͻ
ھǷһͦž޴ľްһ߸VĲ׿
ʱ׿˫§֫˫ճţֱͦĲֱţķĶͣҰڶţͷƮڴ󴲵ϡ
ֻ㺹΢죬ؽҧ촽ᶶżǱһǿײţﲨˮأ룬ǡ̲翵Ĵ󺣡
һУֵ¶׿Խǿҵķӳ
ԴˣھеϲãѲ׿ƨɱøްø
ھٶȵļӿ죬ľްڲ׿ѸͣԽԽ֣ԽԽӲԽԽԽԽ
ÿһ¶ֱ׿Ĺʹ׿Ѩÿһ¶ֻͷڲ׿ѨڣԱһβĸȥʱȭ͵ʱĽװνڡ
ھԽԽԽԽˬ죬ͦŴ󼦰ڲ׿һٿҵزĶ׿ȫͣĳ鴤ΣС
ѽܡҡ治ҡ治šϡϻˡšҡҶҪˡҪˡš
׿ͷɢҵɢڴϣ˫ۣ۽ǹžӨ飻׿˫ֽ§˫ȽļΧ
ھÿһεĲ붼ʹ׿ǰҵŤֵƨɣѩ׵ĴҲĶͣ¶ţĥʵš
ͻȻھĸо׿ѨһľΣһ漴һɹճĴˮ֭ӿ˳Ĺͷϣʹ͵һ飬ްϳ鶯һ¡
ˬˣ
׿Ѩ˱Ĺͷ׿۴ڽҧľްӡݵʹˣ



190 Twins˫ƪ֮÷ȣ£
ھⳡ԰ôް˶ץסʹھĶһ½һ£ڰʪѨͷ赭дش๴ͣѶ˵ֱ棬ڱ֮жĿ㣬֮ѳ˶ھַĿҲ޷ׯˡ
ǿеĽһ޵ؿŪδɵѨһķӦھصȴţֱַ桢ȼָȼĵ㺹֮˿سţŲ԰һ˵̢һֱȵ𣬽Ҳʼ䶯Ŭ˴ۡ
ֻھ˫ֱֳӸ߸̧ϥҲ˴ǹֻŰѨһ㣬ڰҪͦǳȵĵβصزϵصز壬⶯ܶʼرţڰʶ
ô͵һ֮£һ޷֮£һɱ˴ŮʱҪǿҵʹ纣һϮƫƫôǿҵĿ籩֮£ӿǿҵĿУת˲㽫ʹϴĸɸɾһͰ㣬һ˶㣬ĿۡݴͣҲ޷κηӦ
ǣھľްڰѨ￪ʼһּĳ塣һֻԾˮһ˫ĵŴ󴲵ϥǶŰƨɣĿ貿ȫݽ˫ȫھްϡ
ھ֫ҵŰڶ۳ƨһһ¡һǰһһһͦľްҲ͸ڰѨǳһµĿ顢һδεͲ塣
ھڰϣġܵġġҰķйʢ
һᡢһһ顢һʹͰްѨĽӴֿʼǵȫţšһһĺˣһĿһ˸߹һˡ
ھڴϢڵͺ𡭡
มรܡѽҡܡˡ
˻ѽҡҲܲˡ
ԽﵽϢĸ߳˫ȳŵøĲ롣ްٴοʼҳ壬ͷͣײڰӲӹϣʹоҪﵽࡣ
۾հϣüͷؽҧǿҵĿʹͣĵ΢΢ſ죬΢΢Ӻͣķ
ѸȼһѰǿҵĹƴĲʣȫȫǰδеĻ졣
ǿеǿҵǰδУȻңҪھˣڵĿͣӣС΢΢ĽҺ䲻Ѩйǰ㼲ȴҲǲڱֳȫȫĳ
˿̵İѳ׳Լûֱӭƿɻĳ̣ȫעھްĿͳĴ䣬λ£޷ͦӭϣʵһһεͿ塣
ۺˣβȫϣ軨ĴδػȻȴ͵Ҫöֻ࣬ǿʹ֮£̫ңһСı޷ƣھ㼼浡ĸֻ֣ŮӸоʹˬɰɣ
ϰǿĳ𽥳ͷѨĽǶЩ΢֮£ҳܳλã⼸µػڰĴǰδеػδζֱﻨһһسڣһһؽϴ񣬵ʱߴˬʹޱȵĽûй׸
ھɻû㣬ֻ»Ķ졢أҰһرԾţðѨⲻס֭ⷭҺʹйֳ쵽˼Ļ䣬ðֵغţֻ֪ʹӭϣġֻУȫȻ֪˼δ
⶯ػһδεطռģÿһε㶼һεĸʹ飬ζ֮ǿҿҰ˲ѣһ֮±ѷֻ¾Ů·漸֮ҲҪܲסӭ͡
ʲôˣһһж׵˾⣬ȫȻھֻ֪رʹţ׵⡢ƮƮɡҺۿ硢©ȫϣھʹޱȵؼ֡ˬ۶ˣ޷ڣֻſڽ࣬ȫȫȥܴѨﴫǿƥԳܵĿУ纣Хһһˢġ
ม
ȫֱβͦӭĳ塣
ڰϣھĶҲԽԽٶԽԽ죬ԽԽԽԽƺҪȫѨܵĿʹԽԽ
Ѩ¯ƵԽԽȣھֳִľްһ׵һ㣬ڰѨﴩͣÿһζ˰Ѩϵ⼱ľްʵĸĳ壬۴Ͳͣķ
ѨճҺԽӿԽ࣬ѨӲľް̵ĹͷڻǴ
ÿһγһճˮÿһβ붼ðˮ䣬硣
ˮʪغͰ˳ǵëڰƨϣӵµĴ󴲵ʪ͸һƬ
มܰš
ھĳ壬ްİƤ۵˸ϣ밢۴ճһӲҲ밢ķճš۴ҲΪǿҵĳ嶯;ҵĥŪӳѪͣһճŨȵҺӿ
มҪҡˡҪҪ
ھͷǿײԵøΪ˷ܡܲˣβȴ̧ͦĹͷЩ̼ЩȻܣеĲΣľްĿУѸٵؽûˣӹѾɽ鱬ƵģĴˮ֭
ʱڿܵĿмУκζԥһһܡΪ˷ܵ˳УҪˡ
มˡҡܲˡҪมˡม
ھľްͣѨתͷһδεײŰоŮȫеĵشʹȫ紥Ƶģ֡顢ᡢ۾ŤζŰVӣӸǡһ§Űļ米һץ˴ͷĺţͷ򰢽ʩѹļн˴ȣĲţĶ
มܡ
ٴη΢΢ֱȣڶ֫Ȼѡ
Ĵˮ֭ѨľްӲÿһβ붼ﵽѨ
嵽ˡม
Ĵˮ֭ٶȵӿ˳ľްٶʪغ裬ʪ˰ƨɺͰµĴ󴲡ĳ鶯ӰڲϵӿȵĴˮ֭
ھĳŰѨĥŪŰ黨٣ȥٲȥٳ壬ѭ죬ͣ
รܡҲˡม
ŰѨӿһɹ̵Ĵˮ֭ᰢ۴ڲҷֿĴȶսȫµĶ¡
ٴһΣͦӭĳ塣ľްϵش̼ԸеشСմ˰Ĵˮ֭Ѿȫ׹̰Ԩľްÿһ²룬Ȳӭȥÿһϳ˫סľް
ָֻ޷ƵĽץͷס󴲰壬һͷҷҰڶһһŤšมҡˡܡ졭ˡ
̼ھȫ밢СѾ˲ᰢİһҲͣ
ھ¿һſڰϣɿƨֱסһ½Ƕȣ͵һݣ㿪ʼ˸ӷ񡢸ĳ̡
ʱĶǿҵĴ̼Ƶ¸һӿÿһεĲ붼ʹǰŤѩ׵ƨɣѩ׵˫ҲųĶͣ²ţÿһεӭͶǵںϣǡô
ٶȵԽ죬ǰϵķȾԽ󣬿оǿҡֻܱĽľްĿǿŤӡ
ม
ÿʱüͷĺ
ķӦ˫ְŰĴȸ͵Ľ࣬ǰŰӣȡʱ򣬾ʹľް޶ȵĳǰʱ򣬾͵ʹľްĲ
ĳٶȻֻҪһˣڰѹĴ̼޷Ƶķ
ءม
ӺͬһΣز˷İţΡΡĶų˷ܲѡ
ްĳ͹ͷҰײðܡްʱȺʹðѩҪڻĿУްĳ壬иӾҡ̡ȫ㺹죬˫ץסĸ첲ǵ鷿ԲԲһͣĶţĿвϮŰȫ֫ͬwսѣûеĸ֮߳УɢƵ̱
มҵѽܣҡҲˡม
ʹھ˵ƨ̸һ㡣
ʱ򣬰һСŮԹԵְŴ󴲱ߣƨɣҷֿھһֻֽס鷿һַֻŰβһοʼ˸ӷĳ塣ųٶȵļӿ죬¶ƿĻ
ھĸо޴ްĹᴩ֮£ĿָѸͣȫǺˮ鷿ʱ꣬ȫӲͦӾްܵѴﵽ˸߳Ѩľţˮ֭һһĹͷľް۴꣬ʪǵë˳غͰ黨ٵʯذϡ
ھһţŪţǿйᴩȫߣľް밢ѨΪһ壬۴ҧްĸӣĹͷĲ밢ĹÿһγĳΣÿһβ룬ֱ尢Ĺ۴ҲľްĽһһϣһһķ
Ұ񡢳־õķԽ߷壡ھľްӼӲǴӴ׳鶯͡ԽԽԽԽԽԽٶԽԽ졭
֫ŤķԽԽ󣬰ƨ̵ԽԽͻѨҲ֮ھľްԽԽ۴ҲĦӺףУĴˮ֭ҲԽԽ࡭
ٴһΣͦӭĳ塣ľްϵش̼ԸеشСմ˰Ĵˮ֭Ѿȫ׹̰Ԩ
ھľްÿһ²룬Ȳӭȥÿһϳ˫סľްָֻ޷ƵĽץͷס󴲰壬һͷҷҰڶţһһŤšš
มҡˡܡ졭ˡ
ھʢﵽ˾ĸ߳һ±һ¿죬һ±һͣһ±һء
鰡尡ھĴϢԽԽأԽԽ١ϢСײƨɵžž;ްѨճһŮɪ¡
ھ´󴲣վڴ̤ϡɿֱסƨɵһ½ǶȡΪðͻԱ롢ҵĲ룬˫ȸ߸̧ڼͷϡţ͵ǰһݣֿʼ˸ӷ񡢸ĳ̡
һΣھľްбţͷôδζŰѨǰ¡ģǵ㡣Ĺͷͣ̽뵽ӹʹüҪﵽࡣ
ھľްÿһβ붼ĶƤ϶һ壬ÿһγʹĶƤȥĶƤĳһδ¡һδΰݡȫ⵽ĸо۾ﲻĻð
ھ˫ֲͣŰѱӲԲ͵鷿ƺʧȥ֪һ΢ͣ΢΢ؿ죬ͣķˡҲˡมͩˬˡ
ȫֱͦ
ھĸоǰ߳ʱ֢ף׳ֺֻҵץŴ󴲵มŪͩˡ
ھ鶯ٶȽļӿˣļѹΪأִ⻬ľްͦѨÿһζֱ尢ģÿһ¶ȫѵ޷Ƶĵز
ʶ£㷢ľްΪᣬƨɿʼ°ڶĥСƤӭްĳ塣Űİڶ鷿Ҳһǰһš
ھץס˰ⱻȵİڶʹްѨǰµĳšʱѾ޷ԼˣȫǿҵĿʴĻ̧βһһµķ׶š
ܡͩŪˡม
Ƿѩ׵壬ͣҡţֻͦʵ鷿ŪҡøС
ھ濪˫ȣΣ˫ּѹŰǻζľ飬ҲݺݵĳͶܰŪ
มܣҪ
˵ŲҪȴֳǰδеĻ䣬ҵסŪҡİڶĳ塣ݣ㺹ˡ
ʱӹڴһǿҵھľްĸĿдͰ_ȫͻȻһŨȵĴˮ֭Ĺͷϣʹһ͵Ĵһ飬͵һ飬Ĵˮ֭ľް˳
ھһγް˶񣬴侫ĳ嶯ȥϴ󴲣˸ƣһηڰϣһҵز˽ȥ
ھǿֿʹƷ衣㺹ܣھҵĶ£ָ߿߳ʹɼʵԸ߳٣ѵӭҵĳ塣һصĴϢްһαһε̣ӭ಻Ĵˮ֭Ǵ˷ѹȵ⣬޴ĹͷϵײŰ۵ӹģѲܿԼ
ھľްԽԽӲԽԽ֣ٶԽԽ죬ԽԽأŷ߳ļ٣ֱ޷Ұ\ؼӿٶȣسʼһеùͷŰӹǰƾ漵ĵطȥ̣
ھǿҵĽ£ĶƮȻ۵İԵÿεĲ붼˸ߵ۷壬ֻתлķݶĹȱĶ֭ˮ죬סھظ֮䣬ŵİǲãӿȪˮѽѩɽ˸ʪ͸ǰĲѻǰȣ絽˿У鲻Խ£ȴ֪ĵĶھΪˣͣܿǵһľΣ㸧ϸ߳Ŀ֣ðйй͸ˡ
ھȴûôձԭؿڵŰȣްȻ߳йĿͣ˫һѽ׼еԼ羱֮䣬ϰ΢΢ѹðѩ̧øߣճ˫ŪŰʪʮ壬ްһߴչɲȡŰйһߺɵسֻڳ̵ľ䣬תĥ漼ð޽Уѹֲ֧
й㴭Ϣʱ䶼ûУھٽĺݺݳ壬ɵʱؼֶΣĥðûַˡ֪ھҪһøնٴαɳǿҹƵȴϲͷû߳纣ХһһһĩƽϢһϮ
ãȻķץǸ߳ĸоκһܣһ͹ȥֻܰھǿ͵Ĺƣĵ׿ֵشгǰ˫屻ʱĿ⣬ðӿ֣ĹȵвǾްסһ㲻ϷɣݷҪĹȵĽ㼡ȥĻȣҡ
ھľްһӧҶǹͻͻͻͻڰѨСӹس̡Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ľް鶯ʱͻȻڵӹһסľްͷ
ͬƵģھоԼ֫ǿҵľᴩȫڻ޿ľ߳Уɵʧܲˡ
ɶֹĿӿĺˣšţһ˼⣬һѹˮףһ㡢һˡһһɶֹĿи߳ڴﵽԶֹĶ塭ھͰԽڴﵽ˾ĸ߳
Ҫˡ춥춥ŶƨŶ
ھȵĽŰľް̼ŰġʱͦƨɣѨҲްĶľѨǿ͵ס͵ĹͷһɸȵĴˮ֭ӿӭͷĹͷϣһ̵Ŀһȫ
ھɵõһȸһ鴤ްէȻ󡪡ʼĳ̡ÿһγҪع׵βƿľް޶ȵĳ鵽ѨڣԱһβĸÿһβ룬ҪطͦСŰþеǰĹͷֱĹ޶ȵ뵽ӹʹѨ
̼ǣÿһβ룬ھҪѹͷĵڰӹĥʱ۴ڲҷֿĴȶսȫڶ£ˣʱİͷɢҡ죬˿üͷؽҧǿ⣬ͦ˫۽§֫еšȴšӭ侫
ȫھһڣǴִĹͷǶ˰ӹʱ͵Ľֱ˷䲡һมŶСҲˡҪˡ
ţһɹŨҵĴˮ֭ҵĴӰѨӿ
ھͰѴﵽ߷壡ͻȻļһ飬ţѪҺǧСߣٵҼ珡
ڣھ̲סˣҪ侫ˣһһɣͬĺˮ_բһһɹճľҺӸѹˮǹһˮǵľްＱ
ڡ
һھľҺһӹ
ھôһ֣һˬĵĽˮ˳ľھֱߵָ֮󿪣Ũ۵ȻйھҲһһͺŨƳҲѼƿпܷӹ
߳İǵһ֮£ȫݽ˷ܵĳ鴤У˵µλȥ§ȥھҲû취ŨزĹȵȴǻȵਣֵؽȫľްסƺҪеÿһξҺÿһ㾫ȫٲһǰ㡣
һɲǼ䣬󱻵Ƶľ鴤˫ۡҧ촽ƺԳƵӭĿж֮ϴ񡣴ʱ˿̣ȻȻľ硣ھֻܱͦżȫľھްϣľް͹ͷ͵˼ޡĵŰӹڣꡢꡱļ紭Ϣš
侫ܸţȡҵžܵһɡһɡھʢľҺϵͬһֱֻֻ䰢о⾫Һȵ£ĳ֮飬籩ĳĽŰӹ
ھľҺ밢ӹϡţȻֻ˰ӹʱ۴ڽҧľްĹĹͷӹ̇աľҺ
ˬˣӹĴҺƺҲ˸ϲáĸоѨھΡƨںͦ֫Ť˫ڳ鴤ڷĴڶ¡ȫ뼫ȿе֮С
תתʶתһжڣھĴһƬհסȫڼȵĿ֮Уʱ䡢˵ص㡢ѹµ漵İһУƾްĴҰڰйй
ֱھ価һɣڵľҺӹ
һĲһԭʼҲɵսͣھͶŮ۵ſˣھڰͲ׿ϵõ㣬ھʱȻ⣬ŮԼҪԶռ



191 ԼŪϣ
̨еҹǼžģʱϾŵ룬һʮ߰Ůڻؼҵ·ϡ
ŮһͷĳһԲԲеӤʣǶƯȴܿɰŮǱˣ̨δżŮ
ʱǴǣֻһ˼ҵĺӣСʱְһֱ־ӣһֱƭǡְȥعˡֱ߶ʱ־10İʽ顣Ϊ˹͵ܵܶ飬Ƶнˮ΢ֻڶǽǽǷһƨծҲ᣺֪ŵú࣬ǰޣֱҴһϷ׬˵һǮҪ۲滮֪ǼǷ˿500Ԫ̨(Լ120Ԫ)ծ
꣬Ϊ͵ܵܣμһѡ̤Ȧ빼ڴŬϷĵӰӹԡܻе6껹ծ˵ǰҾҼһҺ͵ܵڳϣǰʹڻϳϢǰ
Ϊ̨żһ㼶һֱഺġԱ·ߡ7ĸż١û뵽żԶȴʮֵļǿ17ͿҼƵʱ겻⣬23ʱͲ˵ҵĹҪɻϷ˿ԼͻȻôһˣҲź
ͷѹʷؾںԼʱģڡҶʱڣ׮꼻һ֣˵ûС
ںؾ裬˵ɫԡɫҲиоϷɱȫɢ25̸ֻһѧʱǰϡյ¡ǵףûɹ
ƽʱͷѹ˵ᵣģÿζѷŹϡֿúܴŸҷޡ
ʱѾڰż¶ˣʱǳҹְһֱŵŻؼҡ
ƣӵؼң䣬ӦǵѧϰӰʱ򣬿ȴΪԭòۣѧϰϹ簡
ţߵһСڵʱ򣬺ȻһֻסͣʱŵһɺŨҵҩζ˹ȥ
ǰ˽ԵһУ֮һ˽ھûһĿ˲ֻܸݣܹ˴ҩԼۣ
ʱھɵɵվڴͷһӣǰ˯˵޾ˡһ׻ȹһԷʵѩý¶׵˫ۺ磬˵縡͹ʵȫֳȹϸϸϵסǰȹ໥صסһݣʹ֡ȹڵıԵһȦ룬ȹӵƮݡ
ھһһеȥĽѹ¡֪еԼüúˬһѣǰ׻ˡģүӣľɫŮھȻ֮ڡֻڿĴϺһ˴˯ͼһɫŮ¡˫ĿգһɰģȻ֪аǰɫȹ£ߵھߵͷľ˯еˣ¶̰֮ɫźڴϵ˿ڿˮŮӵֱݣȫ㡣
ͷţٴӽŵͷӳģǽ˯ϰ͸죬Сɵӣ΢΢Ρˣң̵СֱͦճһֻC˵ӣС°
¶һѩ׵񾱣룬һȹ΢͹бԣϸǰ˳˼ĽˣģɢŮζӣںĵۣɵ촽ϸľϹһϸϸİ׽һͨ͸ķ׹
ȫļֳһɫûһ˿覴ã˫ϸףȶͣһ˫޳Σʮֻɰֺһ𣻾֮£ǰ鷿״Ӧǰεģʮ˶źĽɻ
ںܽľ΢ĵƹϡܿµǳԲͶ̶̵Ź⻬˫磬ȹӺޱչʾϸ֫ͻԲβ󵨵ذŮɫȹһƯĺᣬץסһһɿˣƮ Ʈ࣬ȹɿˡ
ھһʱĽѾͬһһڴϣԼϵֻͦ˶󣬲΢΢·Ҫһϴļۻֻ֬ѪҺɿʹüʪԽ塣
ھееס·ڻбһŻһ㣬֪ҲӡһǵӺʪС첻ϵ³ʴǵʱڶСķϢѬھһȴǺȻһ̵ֻСͬһһԼһ󾪺
ھ۵壬һζϵĴھıĴ̼£ھѾ׵С͵شھ촽³ӿĿУ̰˱ĽҺסȵӣھĽ˿컬׷Ļ࣬ھСĽȡ˵Һ


192 ԼŪ£
Ƭ֮ϾδŴˣüСɵıӡӣС죬һǵݣں˳糤ѩϸ۵Ĳӣֱʹһѩ׵ľһţʵǰźĽסţ˫΢΢ϣҲţ˫糺ͬ߷һĨϼˣϸ۵ľԲ˫磬˫ȫ¶
Ʒɬõر˳һ˫Ұ㽿εΡˮѩ飬΢΢Ĳˣεʮ˶ͣɫĽף⻬ϸ۵ļŰӨӨĹ󣻼΢΢ⶥСɻԲ̺㣬ѩеŭŵĺ÷Ȼҫ۵ĵƹ¡ѩ׽ϸϣֻѩӨ͸۵Ửۣ˿ỬƳ
ȰСȹϸ壬¶ţ⻬ԲĽףӨ׵Ľ˿ᡢа廬ĽűűϸļֵĽ˺쳣Ľŵף۰ֺֺɫİԼԼı׺ߴΣԲֺֻСãƻϲ׺Ľ޵ĽϪ̶Ө󡢷۵ĽŸֳ֮΢ƣ͹ϧ
Ӿ񾭺͸йϵͳ˫صĴ̼£ھɵɫһסһԵͦ飬ţƼ䴫һͦʵޱȶֳԵУѪšָ£ָḧǰͦ嶥ȦḧѹҵһСͦͻָ֮ۡؼǽС٣мɵһꡢǴеشϴĸоŪû类ɡ
ھļ£̱ھʩΪھĴִ䣬һ½ıסھĺ󱳡
ŪƬ̣ھԴһ·Ĳӣǣ°ͣӣٵͷʪɽʥУӿϵȼգŻȵ岻ϵĽһһֻ̽˫֮Ƿ۵͹ھĶһ˫Ƚھ䣬ͬʱ̧ͷסԴٴصһ
ٴһھıס彫ɲ棬أܰ𣡡
еԼۺھϵĴ̼һһ׽סھĴ֡ھһС֣˫ָ·صĹ֮Сǻ˼ӲĲ¡
ھİѹδĴ΢олĽҺʱھٵˣΪҩѾǵʱãǻӡ
뵽ھںӣֿ˫ȣʣ״У׼Ļ޴ģʱܵһĽխаǴǿҵѹȸУ΢΢ͦһ£ھԺĽţʹʹ
Ȼڰ֮УǸоʹھĶ۽ҲΪʹ˵εεỨſ˫ȣſϣھһ°ϵỨ΢ǰһ͸оһ㱡Ĥ
ʹأ
ֿʼСĽŮӵһƹϵʱǻʹģھ뵽ʹʹ
һ£ھ͵ͦ˻ѷεĺھڳǲ㴦ŮĤƿŮĤ֮ھͣ¶ͷһƬƬʮֵĿһ̣ΪھŮˣϵʹ飬ھȴǱһǿҵҸš
졭춯
尾żĶش۽ĿʺСھǡ
õˣˡ
ȻѾͱƵһߣǾͲϧǰҺĻ꣬ھ̢ھĶͣҡΰӭĶ֭ھľѹȥľİҺ˳Ĺɹ£ɹԼİҺͿšˮˮġ
ƽնׯʱѱΪʮĵ˫ֽھļ磬ȴţҵĻζţھ·һеСƵģ䡣
ھҲһͶ뵽ԭʼҲֵϷȥھ۵ˮգԲĶҧţĸ첲Ƶı󣬽ıסͬСɽһļͦãھѹñģÿһͦᲦǼӲʯɫ޵ޡ
Ĵ̼£һй˼ɺ֣˽вϣεӭھĳ壬ȼҪھжϡһУĶԭĿỻأ۾´ÿһϸ΢飬ҧ߾ȫʶһһǣĸĲصԴʥظ
ڣ̾һڻĽһͬĲůյĻˮͬʱȻӭ˵һθ߳ھ˳ʥصȻ˽ȥıһ֫һֻצһھ䶯ӷ
йڶ,ѾܣھĻл˯˹ȥ滨ӻδɵ,Ϊ˷ܺţǽ޵Ĵ갮һ¡


193 峿
ڶ֮˯ѹȴɢķ֣Ȼһİķ䣬Ա߻һİĳˡ
һͬСɣһѴӱܳƨɾ´е˭
ھ˯˹ųʧɫһЦ˵˰
ԼۣԼھתҲɶǵˣʱоʹĸоﲻ֪ԼǱǰİ˸ˣ뵽ԼĴŮûˣɫס
쵰ǿңҪȥȥץ㣡
Ĵ
ң
ھЦһ˵֪˭׸ھȥңұ֤Ҳ治
׸
ɫһ䣬ŭ׸Ҳܶ飡Ҫ뿪
˵ţᣬҪȥϵ·
ھЦһһѽסڴϡ
ʧɫеſң
ھĴһѰϣЦҵŮˣǣԺǣھ֪ҵ
ʧɫӼҵе˵ſң˰
аɣҵĵ̣ҿ᲻㡭
ھЦһȻָһӳ嵽ߣһּŪĽ飬һֲϵ׻ػӣʱشǹëʱ쵽棬΢΢һڵľش
鹦ھս޲Ūԡˮֱټڵָ޵Ҳֵˣοǳµھʮ鶯ָϾ˼糱һʱֻˬ˲ϵشϲϴŪԼ鶯̲סˣ
ء
鲻ԽػסھĲӣ̧ţھУѸٵҵھȵͷǿؾһȻѩ׵ĴȽػסھķҡҪԼԴʥأѰھǸĶ
ھּһصˮ߲Դ֮ǰ΢΢̽ЩȴѵˮһߡϡϵĹ˿ѹϣ΢ҧСͷһھѨ֮ҲǸݡ
ƽ״ȫζе籡һʱȴֲ֪Ǻãֻá
طһĽ۾촽š£ھԼΪΪ
ھʱҲѾ߸𣬱Ͼǰȫ㡢Ůˣ׵İ檣Ҳĸʱڷ³ϲЩ˵Ůǲͬģһ׽ɵζʹеĻӵĸţֹʱҪ͵ᰶɵãڴ͵Ūòϲ£ǹȷͬСɣھѾ˲йĵزˡ
ҪҪҵúõһ
ھ֪ʵ
Ѿԣ㵶ϵ⣬δã⣿
ھЦĲʲô˼ҪӭϷͣˮֵ֮
ʱھȴִ̫࣬࿪ƬʪĻ꣬ڱܵؽһȻطֿһ㣬ھʱǸִ㶥ţصǰһ塭
õҵһ;ھԼһůضůĺò㲻żֻͣ𰵾ǴִѨس鴤ϵԾšһھαŮ磬޴֮⣬Ǳӿ鲻Ůӣ޲Ūˮֱġ
ȻУҲǿޱȣֻϳʳƿǿࡢֵַұ飬ﲻϵطޡֵµԴ˵ҲѾˮѡǸİ׻ڴûǲ㷼ݵ赲ˮƹض˵Ľϴ˳Ҳճʪ˴롭
΢ϵĴ̼Ѿ츾ˣھʮִִ󣬽Ѩһ˿©пѵĸоȻࡢְסھķ°ţʾʱˡ
ھ׼ϸ΢ޱȣʵϣ˵Ѩݼ£ھҲ˲ɵĵزʱھȻֵôֽֿʱǴִʪȵѨлس鶯
ھ֮֮󣬼ֱ󣬾ѾϤһ£ܶҲˮһʱȻԳܡʮѾˬĿУһһ˵ֱšˣ˼ɵط˴ͽ
ߡߡŶ
ҹ˾šе˵ĽȴԽԽȡԽԽԼ类׵⣬ֲΪݵ׿Уȴʱ̲ڴ̼˵Ժʹ˵ĶӵؿҰӵľĶǡ
ھѾƣˮ齻ڣ˽ԴӶԷϵõ˴δļȿ⣬˿ƵڣӭϣоھĴһδεĻĻллֿźҲر״ΡھҲڵ˱ıԵ椻ءҡҡҪˣ
ھƵƵٶҲѾԵؼӿˡ
̫ǿˡҲĶ֡Ұɡܲסˡ
ͣ˵
ˡϹɡֳˡ
һҲ֪ĵڼйˣֻй֮󣬾Ȼε˱г֮ʢУԱ˾ϼϼδɾڵ棬ھŪһVIP½ڳע˶½ڣ130½ڣλֻҪٰ֮ѶĵĽͼȷ˵Ŀ¼ϵVIPû¶ģһ½ͼھ֮󣬾


194 вϼ
ջھ֮£ԸŮˣھȻǻǮ˼ծͬʱǮΪ
̨Ѷ칫ڡ
ʱھһϣǹĶǵһŮϼϡ
ʱϼѾ޸۸ԭѾһŮϰ֣ϼŲ̊ΣЩ϶д
ȻϼѾʮˣǿŴʱϵƬʱҲʮͷ仹òʵھΪ֮ԡ
ΪϼҪѵУ
ھٺһЦ롣
̨꣬εϼǣŮ׼·ͻȻһͳʻһǵĽɷͳżٴ򿪣ӳӣһѸϼ米ŵı˱ϼŮϳֻͳţʧ·ľͷ
ϼͻŴˣһŷ۰׵ɷʱӲ԰ˣֱӹȥŻع󺰣
ڴʱھųϼߣҡ³ʵϼ㣬ʲô£
ϼʧĻش𣺡С°ߡҡŮ
Ͻ˵ϳȥ׷һܾȻŮ
ϼĴңһ绰֪ԼɷȴƤҲͽߣھĳݏгֵĹϼֻھĳⲻ֪һϳ̤һҵĲ·ӽҲԼİļˡ
ھһϼԼĳĻŭţ֪Ѿ壬ߵŮ˽ԶԼΪԼ󹬵еһλҲһղƷ
ʱϼѹ£ͣԼھһԼȰοʱļװ绰ҪԼȫѰͳ
ϼھ˾ľԼѰŮɵ÷Ĵοֹס˿ӣ˵λллİæܲ㽫ֻң绰֪ͨɷ򡭡
ھشȻԣ
ֽԼֻݸϼ
ھ˵ʱɷ򣬳֮⣬鲢ûκΰҪȵȥȺϢЩмǾԱźܿϢ
ϼھ˵ûѻûֻõͷֻھھİţؼҡ
һլϼѾ֪ǰİ˾׸ھ̻Ի͵ĺլжھ˼ģ̤ʵࡣ
ɳϣϼļ٣ͣش˫ѩ͸֣ûɳһԼھˡ
ʱھ´ϼλƯ˵Ĵǣϼһѩ׽۵һͷ΢΢󌣬ǴװȹھȻܿóϼӵһ߼Ϊ˵Σǰ˫˵Ľ飬ͦعǰʵòҪ¶Ƶġ
иھԵģϼĶȹ£ǻԲԸеβ΢΢𣬿ȥ֪˵ԣǷǵСڿۼظǻԲԸеβϣϼ¶ȹһ˫޳ȣǸ߸Ьĳ£Եˡ
ھ룺ҵ۹ȻϬѵһŮ˾ƷҶŮ˵Ҫ󣬴ӽҹҵŮˣҵϼţ
Ȼϼȫûвھ˫Ŀ⣬Լ̰´أ
ڴʱ绰ھæһԵϼŵҰ
ֻھŵ绰˵ιǡţŶ̫ˣ
ÿ绰ϼ˵Ůȵˣ
ϼϲ˵ŮǷƽ
ھŵ绰˵С绰Ҫ˵
˵㽫绰ϼϼæӹ绰ûˣ
绰ͷĿ䣡Һú£һЩѻ˴ˣҾȳˡ䣡䣡ң¡
ϼŮ˵¡
ϼŮ绰ʱھϼ󣬽ϼϴŶȹװϴһɫСģھվϼһǳjĿ̰ϼڡ
ϼѩ׽۵鹵Լһ˫κ˿Ҳ˷ķأһɫ˿ְţ˫ѣ۰׽΢΢ţھѪڣĿڣ޴ѾȻվˡ
ڴʱϼϵ绰Ҵվھ˵ܲ鷳ȥŮʵ̫лˣһúñġ
ŶҪαң
ھ΢Цʵ
ϼش𣺡һؼҸһ£׼һݷ𡭡
ھϼĻ˵ǮҶǣϣлңҰɣ٣٣
ϼھĻ־ŭһ˫ھ㡭˵ʲôھЦ˵˵塭
žһԭϼŭ֮˦ھһ⣬ޣΣԭΪǸĵĺˣ벻㾹һ޳ܵģߣҲ⡭
˵ŭ__ȥ
ھϾɳЦ˵㲻ҪŮ𣿡
ϼһͣ˽ŲĲһ
ھϼͣ˽Ų˵ֻҪһ뿪ţٺ٣ҿԱ֤ҲŮˡ
ϼӯˮתбŭھ
ھϼʱ飬ԼԸִԸ񣬸ܹŮˣܽɾ͸۷塣
ھ˵˷ʱ䣬Ը͹ԹߣúңԸھͿ뿪
ϼãڻƶŲĬĬھֻж̶̼ӣھȴʮ֮ãݏҪӿһ㡣
졭һġ㡭һҪ֤Ůİȫ
ϼ˵֮Ҳܲסеı
ھ˷ܵ˵ͬԼ彻Ů𣿡
ǵģԸáҵ彻ҵŮ
ϼûھĺ⣬ȥˮش
г֮ʢУԱ˾ϼϼδɾڵ棬ھŪһVIP½ڳע˶½ڣ130½ڣλֻҪٰ֮ѶĵĽͼȷ˵Ŀ¼ϵVIPû¶ģһ½ͼھ֮󣬾


195 ϼ彻ףϣ
ھ˿УٶȣԼ·ѹ⣬Լʮ׳Ĵ󼦰ʹյϼߣٺЦϼ㣬ھ򼦰ͣһ㿪ĵģ
ʲô򡭡򼦰͡
ϼʱھ˶Ĵ󼦰ͣŵɫҡպ죬ھ
ھһҲǽ󼦰ʹյϼǰϼĦţͬʱ͸׷õĴ󼦰ͣѧԺ

ϼʱоھĴ󼦰ϴһǿҵֱ˽Լ㴽δϵʱ·𶼿Ҫըһ㣬ǹַϼ㴽յ񴽵סϼֻƱղѣϼʱԽҪſԼ촽ǹӴȫȥֻ̨һ˿ʼôɡϧ˿ܿҲҪزסˡ
ڣϼҲܲˣһſԼ죬ھ緢ǿҵĴ󼦰ͺ

ھʱо󼦰ͱһɻȰסˣǴԽ֮󣬵һֿڽˣʱԼϼ㺬ס󼦰ͣ׵Ĵ̼ھо˲һĿ⡣
ϼʱȫˣأŪھ󼦰ͣϯŴ󼦰͵İ͹ͷͬʱԴɳҲس鶯ھĴ󼦰˵Ļ˶ʱ˿ʱϼǸ߹̨Ůϼ
Ļģһʮ꣬ʵʵѾѮĳɳϣһĿڽŮ˻ǽкӵģʱϼȫνϺ͸ֻ߰뾡ʹ˵˶󼦰͡
ھܵϼеҺԼĻȹͷҲԼַͷϣָŪɫĳͷסļͦ顣ϼ³ͷ䣬ͷǵµͺӦͷھ̲סץס鷿ֿʼŪƨ΢΢ʶ
еͷŪϼɵȫҲŽھַӦ͸ִŪۺɫͷһɵĴ̼гԴϼҲŵԼͷתͷļˣοʱһ
ϼſסԲĹͷͣ̾һھϹĲ֪˶ٱֺܳϼɳƵӣС죬԰޴ĶŽ˵ǺܷĹĸͲɳ׵Ŀڽ
»£ϼһڱ㽫˽ȥճĤɲǣھ³һˣſʼͦһ棬ʱϼĶҲ
ͷƶʱϼֲɵ˷ܵļӿٶȣżѼ˺Ƶתͷǻʱ뻬۵ͷ˫Ӵھеñܸͣ˵ķССҲʼ
ھǰһд̼ļٵĴ󷢣ǾӨҺѲϴϼС͸ëŪʪˡ
ھ뽫󼦰ʹСгúõɧˬһѣϼȴءҡͷĹͷſҪúóһ󼦰͵ζ
˵ϼΪԼڽھˣͦŴ󼦰ͣҲûй˼ɣСڲȥһΣҪȫ룬δεס
ǸȺĶֵϼĺʱϼȫ·Ȫһ㣬ˮֱϼеС궯һ㣬ˣеҪǸȥֹͻȻСһʹȫŤɳоˡ
ʹ
ϼһСּæסŲһĴ󼦰ͣԴ·ȣھ˫ֱͷ󼦰ͻǽĵĺڴ
ϼ㣬ܿͲʹˣŵ㡣
ھݵ˵ÿϼ˫֣һͦСƨȻһ
ϼ㣬ССںúΪҷɣ
ϼɧϼеһǿҵĴʹҪ˺һ㣬͵ģСĶڽҧסͷ⹵ʹüͷ壬촽ҧֱɷס
ϼæֳסھСľĶŴִĴ󼦰۾Բɡ
û뵽ôļͻȫԼСڣһͬ˺ѹɵʹЩ
ʲô
ھ׼˼ظһϼǱ尾еɵĺ촽аЦϼ㰡ҪΪԼ԰¡ٺ١
˵ţھϼķ˿س߲¶ӣͷȻͷھѾܵϼĺճĤĳԱܵ赲̫̼ˣؼʱ̵ˣھеʯӲСĹͷȿĺھʱͣĺһζһ£ʹİУͻ˺۶߻ƽܵ⽫ͷšָоھûгԹ
ͷϼĺĤϼʱʹ棬˲һպľ޴Ҫ˺ƵġҡͷָھССƨСӣСŵĴģͬգеġ
ھһ˺ĸоҪͬʱɧϼһɲǵʹ顣һ·ˣֱ˵ڲͣڽعŹͷµǳоݡھϼſһ˫ĿĴ۾ɻĿ⣬ƺﳷ˵ԭȻܣϼȴߴʱļ̫ΰˣ㹻𺳣һˣ˺ʹĺĸоֽٴĳ嶯
ھʱϼѩϣԼߣֽƨɳˣϼŤļ϶βһͦǰȫͻۡһ߾룬һȫشĺ֮С
ϼеһӲһĶԼڣǶģýģԼ嶼̴Ƶġϼ֪Լĺڱ̿ˣһͻͱԼҪԼ
ھض£˷ܵشһͷϼĺ޴ĹͷڽۺڣһŨŨľҺֱϼĺʹˣвٰɫŨ
ϼڡ๾ࡱУھ
г֮ʢУԱ˾ϼϼδɾڵ棬ھŪһVIP½ڳע˶½ڣ130½ڣλֻҪٰ֮ѶĵĽͼȷ˵Ŀ¼ϵVIPû¶ģһ½ͼھ֮󣬾


196 ϼ彻ף£
ھִŴһ֮ãССˣĿϼ޵ϣϼŨھĴϼСPP˵ϼȻͷܵ㣬˷ѰǺöյĶƤҲܺð
ϼھĻһ۾͵ͷ̰ԼĻȹͷھϼС﷢йһͨ󣬸ܵǿҵ㣬ʱҪһõϼ塣
£ھѹϼϣϼĶͷ΢Цϼ㣬ҪҪھһ
ϼʱھѾڵ־Ժˮģ²˵ҡϼ㡭ϼҪϼҪ
ãϼԼҪģұģ
ھЦЦ˵
Ȼھϼ͵ԼţĿʼȻֱ⣬һ·ţϼŵͺˡ
ھǵʣϼ㣬֪֪һ֮ҴС㣬ذ㡭
ϸڶһ㣬ϼԴɷһѾкö궼ûܵ԰׻˵ʮʮʮʱһŷǼįʱھˡ
ھ˵Ʈݵġʹ
ϼߵţҡҲŲģ㡭ֻںҿĵġ
ӹھĶʣھ͡
ھæصϼ㣬ھĵģѽھĶ
˵ţȥȥҧĶ䣬ϼ֮ͱھŪʧˡ
ھϼĳ£ıɫסĴӣȻ״Щ´ȴ˿Ӱ̬ھϲ֮£һ֣¶ĿɫͷھһЦֿʼһֻ鷿ʼţϼ֮УһҲҲûκξܾıʾ
ʱھȻȵط֣ŪϼͷȻ֭ʱװ׵֭ھŪ˳ʪھֱھ־ϲͷǰϼʶСĸװذʺͷھҲھļͷھͷھ壬˱ֻ鷿
ھ̰ţһעůůģȵģģһڣѹե鷿֭
ϼغߵˡҪˡš
ھ۾ѾڵȴʲôƵģ鷿ַſ˳ӵĵײ̽ѽûˮϣ۵ļͻޱȣϼ٣Ųͣš
ھϼȸһʪ͸ˡ
ϼߺ㡭ûѽ
ھаԵţָͷ˳ˮػƬ֮زŪšøС־òɣտõĴŮһ㣬խޱȡ
ϼ˶ˣǵھֶθۻˡ
ھֱӣϼ˸⡣
ȥ΢۷ְ͸ɫʵȳƵĴȣһԸӤе鷿رطʣʺͷһξӨ֭ƽߣ¸µһƬŸճĶ̶ë̓ˮֱ
ϼ˫ɳϣĽգ촽΢ǰĴ鷿ţȫ̡
ھע˵̬޺ͷְȥϼŤţͣţԽԽ̲סɧĵ˽еţŶ㡭ҪˡҵġСѨܡϼҪ㡭Ҫ㡭졭ҡСѨˡҪ١
ֻƨɸ߸ߵ̧𣬲סͦ˽еСѨˡ󡭡㡭ϼ㡭ܲ㡭졭ҡ
ھٺһЦٶѹ壬ס󼦰ͶѨڣųʪˮв롣
ھľһöС͵ĳh޴ľĥţ˽ȥwͷûϼѨ
ֻϼһġ̫͡ˡϼ㡭Щʹ
ھض˵ϼ㣬ģһģ˶һ̣ϰ˾ˡ
ھӶŴ󼦰ͣسزȥ
ϼھţ˽еˬϼġɷ򡭡ֻֻС㡭ܡϼ㡭ϼ㡭áʵá㡭󼦰͡ھ㡭áҡáˬ
ھƨһ̧֮Ĵ󼦰ͣһͳֲ˽ȥϼ˽ŵáüˡššŶСѨ㡭ɵϼ㡭̫ˡӡûСϼ㡭ҪҪ㡭ҡԡšסϼ㡭ҪˡСɡصء塭ϼ㡭١ٽȥҪˡšϼССѨˬˬ͸ˡźߡŶŶ
ھϼһҵĽдǴ󼦰ͺݺݵHʼ飬壬ͣͣ
ĸѨҲһһһһлš
ϼΪϴ󼦰͵Ͳ壬ͦĴƨɣѽѽѽҡѽŤ֫ӭս˽еáھŶáϼ㡭ˡšϼġ졭ˡɵááһ㡭ϼġӹˡϼСѨˡϼ㡭졭йˡ󼦰͡ᡭ塭̫ˡ̫ˡ졭ϡˡййˡŶŶ
ϼڵӹͻȻҪ߳һxǣƬͺ۵ͼھǵĴ󼦰ͣŨŨ̵ȪӿһսϼйϢһ
ھĽϣžأԪһͬʱ˹ԪĴϢƽһЩֿʼ󼦰͵ĹơŢ̌εس󼦰͵ѨڣƨһָɽУٸɣݺݵHصز壬ϼһε
ֿʼ˵˴еھ塭áϼ㡭ˬ֡ˡ졭һ㡭һ㡭㡭ҡˡࡡϼ㡭̫ˡ㡭ǡϼ㡭ġɷ򡭡ʹϼ㡭֪ŮˡġȤźߡ󡭡󼦰͡ھ㡭ϼ㡭㡭źߡšߡ
ھ߲űߵϼ㡭û뵽ô㡭ôɧ˰
ĴƨһһµͦţСһһҵػţ󼦰һһ֮䣬Ƭ۵÷룬˽ȥּ˳ʱʱ֣ھסϼеĴ̣š
ҡص֡ᡭϼ㡭㡭Ūááѹˡѽھ㡭塭ɡϼ㡭֡źߡϼɡϼ㡭Թ㡭źߡˡѽϼ㡭Ҫˡ찡Ҳˡֶ֡ˡ
Ů˶ʱһҪЩֻҪɵ˸߳ڣͻӶһֱ
ϼֶ˼ھһеҳţͻһͣϣһȵľҺгӹڡ̵һ˽Уھˡϼ㡭ˡ㡭㡭ŶŶš
Ȼϼ̱Ҳá
г֮ʢУԱ˾ϼϼδɾڵ棬ھŪһVIP½ڳע˶½ڣ130½ڣλֻҪٰ֮ѶĵĽͼȷ˵Ŀ¼ϵVIPû¶ģһ½ͼھ֮󣬾


197 
ʱĻ֮ϼھĬȻ
ھȴ޵㣬ʮϼƷһִδйŮԴ̼ر
ô죿
ϼĬһ£һھ˵
ھһЦ˵ȻˣϼϹɣͶҵĻһ㡭õ
ŮˡҵŮأ
ϼʵ
ھϼûеԣһϲ˵ܼ򵥣Ϲ֮һ취㣬Ůòãϼ㣬ӦҰɡ
ϼؿھһۣȻһЦʵѾھˡ
ھԺ󡭡Ů˾Ҫˡ
ϼһЦ§סھ

ھشЦ
֮ϼɷܵĳвѺϼ飬Ůϰָϼ
199922ա
ҹʱ֣ھ̨еһưڣų̛ǺϵεģھصͬʱҲһˡ
Ǹˣǲ֡
ֱ裬漮Ȫݣ̨ׯУ±ׯ϶һ㡣ֱҵھŮС緽ʽ븨ʴѧӢϵͶF.I.RŮFayeΪͬͬѧײ´¹ƹĸ׻ƴΪ˵͵ýǰ̨֣ҽԺ־ʮʱ䡣
ָBandСTwisterΪֲǺǿÿÿݳľģΪĲҲ֮ءЦ˵ʱһžͱѧ˵Բ᲻ࡣ
19984£ھŮѧĲ֣ѧУƼԼͬѧ£μMTVٰ̨ġλսִӱ̶µʱڻǧߣҲڱжWhitney HoustonMariah CareyŮֵľһ·նܾԡThe Greatest Love Of Allܹھͬ5·ݣԵһԳɼ븨ϵ
δʱգ3·ݵʱ򣬲ֱޥ򸾷漴ǩԼʳƬ˾ΪصˣƬɼܲھҪһǩ
ִʱѧϻưɼְ裬òһͦġ
ư֮ھһ۾Ϳ̨ϳĲ֣ڻв裬̨ϵʮ˾ͣһͷĳһ𣬼Ĺһϲζʮֿˣ˾ưڲ˵۹⡣
ھİϲֵòȷǸǵģ˸λ£Ҫһƿơơ
ʱĲֳĸǵġۡȻ͵ûȵģΪһ˻ǺܲھԽŮʺǩԼ
úã
һˣ̨֮˷׷׹ơ
һЦȻ黹Ǻܿĵġ
ھٺһЦžưɺ̨ߡ
ݳ֮󣬲ưɺ̨ʱ򣬾ưɵľһ˹˲Ǳˣھ
裬£Ҹܡ
΢Ц˵λѶŵĴϰ壬ھ㣡

ֳһһⲻǱֽϵǵǸѶŵϰ
ѶŵܣʺԼһ죬һڵأû뵽˾ȻԼ¸Ͻ˵ãʲô£
ھһ²֣ԽԽ⣬ԾһۣϽƿ
ھЦСǰɣĿʵܼ򵥣ҽ˾ưɣĳҺϲǩԼҵĹ˾һᾡȫװ㣬Ϊĸǣ㿴ô
ʲôǩԼң
ֳһֱԼĶ䣬ԼֻǸʲôû֣Ȼǹ˾Ǵǹ˾ǩԼԼԼΰɣ
ھִӣ˵ôС㣬ѵ㲻뵱𣿡
ֻǡ
ָϽ˵ֻǲ֪ôǩԼأ
ھ˵ҲǶ˵Ƶָ꣬ղ㳪÷ǳǾҪǩԼ㣬ֻǲ֪ԸԸ⣿
ҡԸ⣡
ԼΣвԸĵֻǡ
ֻҪҰְ軹нһ²У
˵
Ǻá
ھЦгȥңͽúһ¡
Ŷá
ûзԣȴûע⵽ھеһâ


198 ĸŮ3P֮ƪ
ּҾھưɲԶĵطһеȲεĹԢ
ִھ֮󣬵ʱͼ˲ֵĽ̕FƺĸţֵĸӰ࣬첻ĸŮ˵ʱھʱסˣ
̕FƺͲֳʮƣȴö࣬ŸǺͲַ·һģӿ̳һʱվһ𣬾һ˫̥ãĸŮ
ĸŮۼ־ȻһлǳһָϽĸ׺ͽ˵顣
֮󣬳һû뵽׸ȻǩԼԼŮһ£ʵǩԼ裬ʲô
ȱæĸ
ھһЦħһһСƿӣھƿǴ򿪣ʱһصζ˳
ʱĸŮ˸о̲壬ѵûǷӦѾ̱˵ϣȣ鲻Խ
ھЦⶫиѧʯŮ֣ģδĸЧҩжԵģŵģֻҪһ㣬ǴҲҪֲھԲŲж
ʱھЦŽĸŮ˱˷УŮԺѾǳˮϡ
ھЦŷɿѹĸŮ˵·ʱ߰޵չھǰ
ھûԡǣĸŮһ⻹δԹؿζʱŮΪԡڲŤ壬ھ̲סˣɿѹԼ·ǰȥǱס֡
˲ֵ°ͣһգཱུСھԥȥ˴ҩĲʱȵķӦĻھһ֮ھӲֵĶͷ۾Сӡ촽ѩ׵ķ۾ھǣ˵زھ촽˶ͣɨҧ˱һһʹʱҲһ˫Ҳ޴ֱ𡭡˫ҲץµĴԵúܼƼһԣڲֵһֻϸţ⻺ŵ
ھٴζס۵Ļĥţ
һ䣬ְϲΪԼķӦе¡
ǣһаҪִôִġĽĹȡóʵھ޴ͷ׺ݶŮխСֵĹȣܿͷӴĴŮĤھͣһ£棬ҪϸϸƷŮζ
ִʱ˿ǴĩͷĹ񹵱ھŪסһһӿϷģοɰСǲԾתѩ䶯ŤţѣĿѩھеֵĳ鶯΢ֵͦŮıʴǵû崿С͵ͨȣ߽գӽߣѾ޷ѳ֡
ھŽסһԼͦŭʡޱȵİ飬СѪӲͦĿɰͷǰھһ·»סһ󡢽Сɰ̺ͷһ˱ߣұߣȻһ·»ֱǽȵĴȸС
ھаöŪĽھа˱һ˫޳ѩȷ˿ߴԽԽϣھǵøһ㡣ھһֱ˱ýϸ룬κ𣬱ѩҲʼѿʼʪˣھ̧ͷסڵĲǽϸ㴽һʪǡֶ㰵£ۻҵھơݱػӦšͬʱоһȹ̵ӲľضСϡ
š
һ˵ĽߡھָᰴסǺεĽ٣һŪꡭֱǿҵĴ̼𺶵ͷ鲻Խнַ߳ߺ֣ɫΡ
ھʱˣʼһжˡ˫ڲֵ˫Ϻҵˣͦͷھ˫ֵʳָָĴָסһֻͷŪҲ壬ٶȲ죬нࡣ
ǰצĵĴ̼ոջһЩֻͷʼɧһ飬ţ£ȫÿһ񾭣ʹѪҺʱͲƽ˱ꡭ
ھĶŪ£ֿнʱСɵ΢ŵӣݷʮּһ㡣
ַļϸϸĺ飬ԵþӨϸ߰ڶӭھİԲֱ޳ȣһһϵĻвƺĿС
ƼԱҲĻԳСһصصھ˲ֽСխĹ۴ŮĤںͲĽڣھһκݺݵǽСĹʱڶ˲ŮĹĻоַĩ˴ʥشУһľУŮ۽ɬо㣬ǶĹľĹͷһ
ھһһµزᶥٲѾĹеľѹӲǶĹеĻȾȻԽԽԽԽӲӳʵŻڣխСĴŮĹڡţ
ھ£ŮѨߴ¶о
ո˲ֵڣܵŮĹȵůͽľЩͰѳֲסˡھæҧסأסйһĽֱ嵽ףȻʼĳһ߳һͷĥѹĹȱڵĤɫĹĦ˸֭ھļѹнɵ³ֵͣصڲò˵ֿʼӭھԽԽҵĳ壬ڵİҺھǿнʱĤѪĹε˴֮ϣÿھľ͵ʱ򶼻ᷢ
谡ô󰡺
ֵ屻۵ȱѹ˸˫Źסھ˫磬ԭӨ׵˫ڻھĴ˵ĺΣԲϸ۵СͷǿҵĴ̼ҲѪ𡣲ֽ۵İѨӭһ籩ŰĹȿڸھĦͼѹºܿͳѪ
õܵܣø磬Ұɣ
ȫسǲӿУ֪Լʱѿʼ޲ԽԽԽԽˣֻڣü壬ӣ΢ŵؽһࡢʹ泩˽̬
֣ţζ
ھƣʱѳˣֻھһխޱȵĻĹݺһеŮھһֺ͵һֻоھǾ޴Ӳľسڵļھ˶󡢻ȹ̵ͷѸٵ֡Ľڴŵġоһˡ
ϹҪ˰
ֻˡ޹ǵѩһŵɶֻоھ޴ͷԼĹġоһĹʪֵġ顱һƶԵľΡ鴤ȻѸٵءȫǡֻҵ͵ץסھո򽫾˳Ĺȶƨɣѩ׷۵ĿɰСʮָƵץھʮѩ͸޳ָھڵƨγʮҫĿĶԱȡ
ò˵Ůһ˫޳ԲĽȸһνסھ˫ȡھоǳ죬ֻоǧĵŮǽѩƽС΢΢͹Ĺһ󼱴ٵɶ鴤ڲѩƽС͹ĹһһĿҲУŮʪޱȵ̺У鶯΢ŵķཱུ̺ġСסһ޹ɵɶйһճӨŮҺĴŮѪʪҺ΢ֵ̺񹵣˳ġϪƬƬ죬ڴ˽Ļ䡭


199 ĸŮ3P֮ƪ
ھ˲֮һЦһѹϣͷסһֻӣ˱޿κεر˫ȴھͷѹǰСз޵
ʱѾܽѵ˼ˣС˼Լƽʱʱʱ¶챻ַ֪Ǻãھ֣˼ţֱǳУһ£ͻһ£Ͳ£ҪǲϵĦ˼Ҫˡ
ھֿСѨԴʥأС˼ϣ˼İҺ󻬣ʹĦ١ֻһ嶯˼ȫ糱ˮһһˣȫ类ƵģסӺз
ھĴһƶԥزԴһֻסĿɰСԴڵճĤĦʹһҡ

еھִ͵ֲڣѸٵСխ쳣ǻ롭
ھɷ˵ĴҰУ˫˻޳鲻Խž޴СԴڵ۵ľ޴ȫȫؽں󣬵ʥھǾ޴ޱȵ͵䣬ü壬һֲʹõĽ
ھĳͣβͣɸӭϣžžײŰ֮ڶĵĻھӵĿ񱩣ھԴĿҳۣ񣬿вͣţ"ð̫ˡ١Ŷԡ̫ˡ֡ˡˡҲˡͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵С
˾ĽţԼԹ˰Сʱܲסǹɾֻ߳ͻȻһ٣ȫ̧ͷеϹˡáˬҡйˡ;ɲʱһתȫסĳ鴤
ھֻԴһǿתļвſеھʣæĲֱͣĥתתëֱ·˾⣬һļУһ̵ĺӿھ˫һһͦһֱסԲѩ׵Σһ§ס˻֯ϸվ

һתİ䣬ھһͦˣеǻڼٳ鴤ֱҧסھ׳͵Сֱһͦ

ʧǵһҡҡ׹ܵһ˫źѩ۽رסܡϡһСھ
ھͱס˳ǧġ崿Ӣˬĵһ˿ҡ޹ǡѩ´ڷ߶ÿһǽխСֱһͦһ͡
ھڱ߶߼ſ覡һ˿ҡ֬ѩ塣ڲֺͲ̕Fƴ۾ע£̧ͷֻаߺ޵ھϣһԱĽͦҲھǰ˫ѩ˻޳ȸǱܵؽھסΪһͻµ
ھһȦһڳ˵Ĵ׳ݺݵسǽСխĻԴššššš
ߺԽӵؽתţ·ӦСƨ۶ڵĳ壬ھǧġһ˿ҡ㣬̴ִڽϳͣתߣǰڰϵĶ͵ؿղھҽŵĽ״ϵһƬƬǽʱߵ޵ݡΪͬʱһɹȻճҺ촦й˳ཿѩȥβʱѱһƬš
Ư̽ΣߺһƬ
ھƯĽխԴвϵس嶥ţκ죬ĺӵؽתţӦھϹÿһ¼塭컴ɫ˯
һԾŮسк彻еһ߳ʱһ󼱴ٵؽ񴭣Ϲ
һް˽Ӵɫޱߵڴѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽھ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţҧھͷļУһᵽĽ߳
ֻգϽߵκͼҽŸ߳ĺϣɫ崿Ů񣬺һ˵ͼ


200 ĸŮ3P֮̕Fƪ
ھ˯ţһЦ̕Fѹ£ֿĴȣǶ롣
ʪľھִķԽ룬ѾھȴһеСѨ룡խյĿУܿھĿ䡣
㡢ʹมѹҪ㡭㡭ٽһ㡭ҵԡҡ桭
̕F˫Ƚסھھ
ۡ
һ죬ھǱİĸо̼ˣ۾ݺݵĲ룬˲̕Fʹ˶ͱСССѨһ˲䣬ǹᴩ˲̕FǱĴŮĤݺݵĹᴩֻȥһС룬ȴֱӲ
ءʹǺñóʵ
һ˲䣬̕FʹĲҽһʹмżȵ˷֮УյѨ˿̳ʵޱȣͻȻֱĸо
ʺѪҺСѨ˳ھĴִεذ֮ϣǴھĺȻһһ޷˷ܴĵ
ӡ
ԼĴӡ
Ų̕Fǽĵݺʹüͷھи˿˿ᡭ
áมһһҲ벻㡭
̕Fǿſ⣬϶ĸھ
ٺ٣Fƣ㿴ھ岻ϽŶңˬˬҪİҺСܵܡม
ھٳ壬Ƕڱڵ޺⣬ѹһˮ⡣
Ŷ顭Һ顭С㡭㻵ˡȻ˵Ļ㡭ˡССܵܡÿ졭ŶҺʹֺÿ֡ܲˡءء
̕FЩЪ˹Ĺ壬㺹죬Сִӭھĳ
ھŲ̕FƵηͣˮʪ˴ȣûгġž̡ž̡ھۣߵˣҧס̕Fͦͷþ͵СѨ
มˬܲˡˡˡҿƲˡѽˡˣ
̕Fĺһ亹ڷ۰׼˳
Сħš㡭ҰܲˡСѨҪˡ
̕Fƴſǻھûмٶȷڲ̕FƵαھÿβ嵽ףһ󲿷¶Ѩ⡭·ȫȫ̕FƵѨֻûһζǰƨɺȻ͵ֱͦÿһ£ͷݺݵײӹ̕FƾС̰浣СѨƵ
ֳĿʵ̫ˣһĿлûһнʮµĳ壬̕FƵʹȫʧֻʣµĿСûѽšúݡеʹšѨˡ
Ȼ˫αھķ߿ǣ̕FھѸ͵ĳлǲԾļнֻ鷿Ҳ𶯵ذڶ
ŰСɷ򡭡ˡˬˡˬˡѽҪ
ԡFơҺϲд㡭ٴеɧ㣬ˬ
̕FƴĽдھ˷ܣﲻסû̼Ų̕Fơ
ˡɷ򡭡кˣҪкˡкˡ
ھʱѸޱȵĳʮһ£̕FƵĸ߳Ͱĳٵӹһ飬ɵɧˮк˳
̕F沿̣ͷңθ߳ĳ˷ܵĴ̼ˮҲ˳һ˶񣬷ھļӲƽĲ̕FƵѾЩˡ


201 ԼŪϣ
峿֮󣬲ĸŮѹǺ֪ܿԼھԼϢȴûг嶯ΪھעԼǿָŮĳھ£ɹŮˣܿͲֵĸ˻顣
ھ뿪˲ּңصԼļУ׼ԲһĿ꣺
ʱոսȦŲʮ꣬ŸոǩԼѶ˾
ھϣĶš
ϸŵؼ¼еһУʮ꣬СѧУѡ
ھһϢָ֮󣬱㿪ʼжϣһ˿ųѶֲ̨¥ǰھ֪°ʱ䣬Ծڹ˾ſڵȺ
ھ˿ֱѾһͷˣδ߳˾ھų˵ȻصȺţһ뵽ܹռԸеİ۽Ҳֵõġ
Ȼ˾ſڳϤΣȻֵŮԼ˼ĺĴŮ
ھæװŵܱߺС㣡С㣡һ¡
ͣ½Ųͷһ΢˵㣡
Ȼ֪ھĻϰ塣
ʱھѾܵǰ˵ʵ̫ˣҡΪѾ°ˡ
ʵô𣿡
ھ˵ȥҼңҸ˵˵δķչ
Ѿôˡ
˿ֱ˵
ھ˵С㣬ôӰҹ˾ԱδػẦ㰡
ǡðɣҾ͸һˡ
ʱᣬ֪ȦնǾͬˡ
ھװظӣ̫ˣС㣬ҵĳӾǰ棬
˵ǰ·ھ˳
ھϲ֪ѾԼŮˣӽҲ޷ԼգһעΪԼİŮˡ
ӷɿرţûñھļ˽˿ھƬ̣ȣڲ輸ϣ֪ͨӣ߽¥ϵҡ
һھص˿ǸȻ˵˼С㣬ԵһᣬЩҪæ
˿ڿȺ˵ûϵϢһ£ղ˲ѵеۡ
ھڿߺȿȱģھſվ̨߽صλʱװһģпȹϡ

һһ
ھæֽݸԲСûˣ
ӹֽϵĿȣ΢Цûϵû¡
ȥŮѵ·㻻Եһ¡
û˵ھѳԷ
ˣ
ֹȴѾˡ
һᣬھ·¥ݸȻϸɾ·¥µķԡңСԽȥϴһ£˳㻻·
ʢȴ˵лл߽˷䡣
һֱעٻӰھ˫۵ͫ˲֪ѾˡѿȱºҲ첽߽ҡ
ڸڵȴ֪Σƽһˣȫھϡ
ھŵңԡǰԡҵŽţھѶڱԡϣ洫·ĥϸ΢棬ھסͷĿϲСĵĴеС䣬ȡһ֧עܣҴ򿪵ӻ
ԡҵһһ޴ľӣǽΧһȦܡϣһϵ·޴ľӽӨ׵Ľ˺¶ķӳ
˭Ҳ֪ǣɳϣŴ˴ˣھͨԡصӰ̰ؿഺ
ںڵĳԺһɰβŮ޳Ե۶ļԵ⻬ɢӨĹ󣬰ͦεϣѩ׵Ľ׺ۺɫͷ
ھüߣв̾һѪŵŮˡ
İĻ޷ȫģùһëΧסӣѸٵĻ·뱳ԡҵȥ
ھʧԡſڵȴ
ŤͻȻԡš顱һⱻƿһıҲϡһ˴˽֮࣬һھ
ھһͶסȥ·ֻһھûԡŹϣ漴ת˫ֱݷ뽫·˺Ƭѩװ˵Ľǰ
Щ£æ˵ҪԡԲõˣͳȥˡ
ھվһ仰Ҳ˵ȴֳ̹صЦݡ
ͻȻھֱ˹ȥſһֱȻһ֧עܣͻĳ治֪룬ŻæˡܶҲܱԡʵ̫խˣ޴ӣһ˫Ͱ˻һΣھûһӾͱסߵĽѹڵϡ
˫ֻǰĵֿţھʵںܴ˫ȼסţһְֻ޹ǵ˫Ťһֻעͷ쵽ߣſҧף漴³
ɫףһ˫ĵĴ۾˿־Ŀ⣬עͷһıƽԼ۵ֱۡ
㡭Ҫʲôס֣Ҫ
ֵȻֹעܵĽͷ׼ȷѸٵֱϵľѪܣɫҩܿرעڡ
һֻǰģȻǰһھͲʡˡ
ھͷγ۵ֱһСѪΡھͷֱϵСѪΡ
ھ˿нεε˶ڵˣε̲סһ£߳ԡң˴ϣеСطڴϡ
ھߣ˫ϸشߡ
ʱͷϵķʱ䣬ںĳƮߣ˫۽ţϸѩ׵ƫһߣһѩźֱĴͷԣ¶˰۵Ҹ¼޳˫ȼϸۣӨķɫھİĽޣ
治̨ԸŮĴǣĵɫ󣬼ֱ˷񡭡
ھ˵
һɫ͸ɴ£洩ϸɫСɰ°Űɫխȹ۰˫Եø޳ȳƣխȹʵشмѣĽϣ˵ĺ߾ţʵһںСͷҲɼµĵʹԲ׵˫Ե΢΢¶⣬˲嶯
ھ̾ʣ¾޴ɵѾͦŭʶ
ھ˫ַѩ׻۵Ĵϰţ⻬ļӴ̼ھھͷ˵ӣһڣͷϸϸƷŮҽĴ꣬ھڳԸ촽ϷĿںζ
ʮӣھؽͷ뿪ӣھ˵ĽϣϺɫ͸ɴ£һδεİ͸⻬۵ķ۾ԼԲϸµ磬ھͷͣ۵˫գʱСɵĶҧڿУھ˫۾ٸߣҸ½׽۵ÿһ㼡Źκεط
ͬʱھ˫ֲͣظűԼѹŮҽԸ޵ĽҲʱشమ
˺óһʱ䣬ھֹͣ˶Ľ𣬺ԼĴϣھһַֻǰָµСɽһĽ飬һֻ쵽ɫխȹ֮䣬ḧ¡ָеĴ̼ʹھĺԽԽˡ
ھĽķڴϣԼȻ𣬴ʱµĽؿھ׳˶ϣھСİ⻬ۡ
ھļϣ޵ԼĲӣһƷζŻɢķ㣬һͣǡѩ׵񾱺硣
ɫϸСɰ۰ļھһϸϸļµϣִֻѩ磬ϵСɰظʮδķ顭
ô޷סеԡ
ھͣؿš
ţھؽⷭϵİɫСɰѵСϡ
ʱѩ׷顢ʰ˵Ľ飬õķʽھǰ


202 ԼŪ£
ھؽԸĽڴϣʱŮҽƽ۰׵ıھ۵סھֲɢ䲱ϵ㷢Ȼƽĺ󾱣ͷȥ⻬׵ıһ·ȥھıӣھ㼡ĴŮ㡣
ھѸѹϵ¿㣬һڿĴŮ˼ھее٣ռԡƶٶͣѩ׵أסյһ˫飬ھȫᵽ½ļͦԼʮ㡣
ھĥϸ۵˫ְԲأھһѹһ࣬ʳָԼָס۽˴ѵСͷھͣſˮɺƶͷҲɡ԰ľ޴ǽڿ㶥һֱֱָм䡣
Ůҽ覵ĽűھڻУѩ׽۵ļ̼ھ࣬˷ܵĸ֮۽޵ĴŮһһָֻһ˫飬᲻಻Ը֡
һʱİºѩװĽΪմھҺ˶˵ĹԴ˾ھҲ಻סĽ˹ץסխȹһխȹৡһ˴ϣϽһСڿ㣬طش
ھ̧һֻǡһ̫ʣһ̫ݡ覵ѩȷԼļϣᰮĴڲ࡭ʱǿŮҽŮ˽ܵڿ㣬ھһȵİ֮ʪһƬ
ھҧסڿɽ֮ݵŮڿȤ¶֮ŵĺɫ֣ھŬ֮£ڽȥ˴Ůصɴ
ȫӴȱʵȻѵŮҽƽһΣһ˿ҵĽȫ¶˵ǰ
ھ۰׵Ľԣһ˫۷ǰ˵ύţѨ¶˵һǡ
ھŰԼڿҲˣֽһӵ˵ذϡһŮڶ˳ģƺԤʾһĻĽżʼ
ڴµȻԳ˯ţ֪ԼĽѾһħ壬ڵȫţħй
ھβסʵ֮˫ţ¶˺ɫµĴŮѨھؽӽϳ޴ŮſĽϣû谭һȫŮ޸ҵؽһ
ھһߺ۷ۺͷ̣̣
˱ţһ߸ͦθʵѩ׽飻ھһֻ쵽£Բѩ޳Ĵȣ޴Ѿ಻סĥ΢΢¡ںڵë
ھ۵ءƽСһ·ͣǡȥֱ˫㡣ھϸСɵ㣬ӨĽֺڿ˱Ȼһ˫ȼܵԼϣϵĺĥڲཿ۰ļ
ھͷϸעĴŮѨںڵëƬ۵رţ۵ĤֿɰķۺɫëŨܣھҵ٣ȻһһµͬʱھҲʼظŪƬԸн۵
ܵھĴĽܿ˱仯ۺѪſ¶˷ۺɫ˵ѨҲʪ͸İҺھԽͷ޳Ĵ֮䣬ͷ˱ӵѨ
߱յѨھһȵŮ֮£˴δйزӵĴŮѨҲֵסڻشˣھǹѾ˺ܾõľ޴׼Ůڣ׼ȡŮҽһҪĴŮ١
Ӳͦľ޴˷ܶһµĶţݷŵӣھ޴ϵĹͷ۵ԼС˵ĥ˺һӣѨ׼Ȳֱ˽ȥ
ִĹͷողѨĿڣھѾоһĳ嶯ĴŮѨůխȻδܹԵĿѸš
Ȼ޴ǰܿ뵽ԼռĴŮ֮ھ쳣˷˫ְסѩ׹⻬ĴȣѹȻͦǰҵһǿгſߺĴŮѨ
ֻһͻƺͻȻյĸо޴ǰͻȻʧھ֪ԼѾĴŮĤһ˿ʺҺҺѨ֮˳
ƬŮصȷһα˵룬ѨȻѾʪ󣬵ȻԵʮֵĽȫֿھľ޴룬˾޴ǰٶȲ̫졣
ھں󣬸ܵڴŮůͽЩͰѳֲסˣھæסйһĽ޴ֱ嵽ףȻʼĳһ߳һùͷĥѹڵĤʺɫѨĥ֮˸Һ
ھļѹнɵ³壬ڲò˵ֿʼӭھԽԽҵĳ壬ڵҺھǿнʱŮĤѪ˳Ŵȸصε˴ϣÿھľ޴ʱСͦıӷʹġţţ

Ľ۵ȱѹ˸˫Źסھ˫磬ԭѩ׵һ˫ھش£˵ĺΣԲϸ۵СͷǿҵĴ̼ҲѪѨӭһ籩ŰݲУѨڸھ޴ĥͳż֮ºܿͳѪ
ھĶԽԽңֻǿļռ޵ŮҽǺھϵı任λҵĽϳ۳Ű޴ֹͬһײӹڣһӾͷһϣŮҽһʥڱͨˡ
˯ŮĽͣţŮԱֺܵ͵ֿʧȥʶֺ֧󣬺ܿرȫʧˣԸнھ֮תлھ§ڻﾡйݲС
֪˶ãҲ֪˶ٴΣھڵԼĸ߳һھķھ˫ֽץ۰׵Ľ飬סӹڣȻһɳȵůӹڣİɫҺѸռӹÿһ䣬Ȼ󻺻⡣
ھƣ§ĽϢһᣬŴĽϿ߽ԡҡ
ʱĽϣںͷͰ𪽿۵ļϲ˱ҼĺˮγһϸСӨˮ飬ԵԸޡ
֪Լ˯˶ãѵʱɫˡ
оһ⣬˫ۣȫº񱻲ɢƵģͷ廹֫ʹĲˣĴʹиǲϵĴʶԼ¶ҵĴϣٿʹȸ࣬ʺѪ˿ۼԼϺָӡʱ׵Լѱ˼ˡɲǼ䣬ں޽ӣɵ
һ˿ҵĽϣزĵʹ࣬ѵķŴҪվ˫һȴǸеʹĵڵϣֻŽʹ࣬һһԡҡ
ʱھѾʹϴһˮ裬һԡʪܵͷһȥԡҵſڲڶȥԼٵĶħ˫͸¶żȷߺ־µ飬˫ʶػסԼǰѨȥ
ھӣɵҡڵٶȼ漴ȥһѽĽס
ŭ֮£һ˹ȥȴھһ׽ס˳ƽһ˫ѩŤ󣬽ھЦߺһ˵С㣬ѾҵŮˣǿ鴦ŮĤĵôܹԼϹôأ٣٣
㡭޳ܵģ
޺޵һҺھϡ
ھֽϵҺĨ¶΢ЦطƷסʹУһѱĽ߽ԡڣ漴ó˫ס
ھ޴ļʵ̫ˣ޷ٶھˡ
Сԡڵƹȴ쳣ѩ׵ĳ㽿ھ§ڻУվͷ£ůˮ϶£ˮ˳Ľ£ϴÿһ˪ϸѩ㼡Ȼȴϴˢӡϵ衣
ھһֻͦأమҵʮһ˫飬һְëھָ쵽֮òţŽһ˫ѩȣھ޴һԾԾԵͦš
š
¡ҧŤų㽿ĵֿ
ھѩ׵̵⣬޴׼Ȼ׵Ѩһ嵽ףȻٴγ
طԡױϣ˫ֽץԡױڣյ˫ᣬҧĬĬسھ޴һεļ
˾ǼھӿٶȣŮҽԸн
ͻȻܾ޴Ͳ˼ٵĽԼһʹİԹءء
ھѩ˵ıߣ沼˲֪ǺɵСˮ飬ȥһƬӨ͸ڸھͷ֮ڣ˫ڻ۵ļ˱š
ûϵ⼸µ˱ҡѩ׵̵⣬ӣҲ˼ҵʹ
ڣһһ˺ѵʹ֮£֧ȥھҲȥ֮䱾ĳĳ󽫾Һӹڱ
ھ꾫³һڳ޴Ѩﻺ֧մ˼ҽźķԼѪھ˿ߵӣС죬˽ȥس˼ΣŽĽӵ뻳Уԡ׷ȵˮ˫˫ԡУĿСһᡣ


203 
ھ˯֮ջĿ£ΪھŮ֮һ
ھ̨Ůʱ򣬡Ѱؼǡڴ½̨塢ۡձ޹ҲˣһƬ䶯
ڴ½ѰؼӲȫܿʵһ͸ߴ˰ٷ֮ʮ壬ÿ춼ڱ۵ʸߴٷ֮ʮ壬̨ٷ֮ʮձȵʽڰٷ֮ʮϣ˵ǾԵţƵӾ硣
Ѷ˾ⲿϷȷʵʮţƣڵȦ˾ĺ䶯̶һڣѰؼǵѾڴ½ߴٷ֮ʮţҹ˰ٷ֮ʮ𱬳̶ȾȻڻ
Ҳѹ֣ⲿϷǴԽ磬ھⲿϷ˺Ч˵ӾзǳӴ
ͬʱģⲿϷҲ˺ܴ飬ҪһкܶŮˣһЩʿָⲿϷǳ˵Ӿ磬Щνĺھᣬ׬ǮʲӲ
ҹ̨ҹꡣ
߽ưɣھĿ⻷һȦע⵽һŮſǰĹ̨ϡ
Ů߲һߣһɫȹѩ׵ļӳȤԸС͹ģ·̺ŵţһ̲֮ס޶סĶ˵壬ҲŲĿ⡣
ЩʲôؼǶ԰ͦεظȹǽ֣ɻǱȫسһֺ֮ơ
ȹڣؿǵ𪡢ֵ鹵һˮڷ۾ϣ׹Ȼһֻˣڷ鹵УҪûڲеС·ҡڣ΢΢
ǳصھŮǲĴʿˮ͸˵ưЩר޵ˣǵĿ⼸еϣǶԳȴ쳣ͦķֱˮ
˵Ļͷǰٷְ٣Ůڰ꾫Ѿϰ˱˵Ŀ⣬ȻΧ˵ĿۣеľƱеĳȻƵľˮһһԼйȥ
һ˵أ
ھЦһȴǰվһϷӡ
ԭĸŮΧѾվźüڨˡ
Ůһ˺ƾʲô˼
һͷ߹ľӨĶ˵ߣ籣֤㻶ޱȣԱƾ˼
Ů̧ͷĿ⿴˹ͷһۣǻһߣͻһ֣
ͷӿǾ£ʶǿӲĴŮ뷨ưɵ޷Ǿǻһѹһһҹһ¡
ǵûЦŮ𣿸Ǻģ
ǰɣ
Ůһ˿˵
˵ոյĳȻƵľˮͷϾһã߳ŭ
ھƼ˵Ů𣿡
ǹͷӼԼһӹȥһϵľˮҪһȹȥֱ̧۾ͱһָֻץסˡ
ģǸĸҹҹͷǿ¡
ͷ̧ͷͿһСЦĿԼͷĺݻվû˵
ͷ£
ھ¹ͷӵֱۣĿϬĶŹͷ˵
ͷҧҧ촽ֱվûдȥּưɵ˵Ŀⶢ˵־Ϲȥôʱھ˵˾ݻ
ãҾ͸ֵһӣ
ھ˫Ҫ˵۾·ҪԼһ㡣˵ΧŮߵ˵Ȼ֪ͷݣˣҲ֪ԼûϷưɵŮô࣬αΪһ֦أҲһɢ
ŮȻѾˣҲ֪Լ˾ˣùһưɣƣ˵ҺȾƣ
ھҡҡͷ˵ȥɣּβƺȶˣ˻ġ
ȥȥҪȾƣ
ŮҡҡͷƱཹཡһ

ھ̾ϢһҡҡͷԼֻܰﵽˣǱơȫꡣ
ٹȥʱλŮѾˡŵͷſϲʡµŮɵÿЦѣԼûġŮˣܾܲôɡھ룬׼ŮؾƵȥˡ
쵰ҪҪң֪жô
أΪʲôôడ

ھ׼Ů֪˾Ȼ˵ƻо˱Լ˿Ĵھţ쵰Ϊʲôôأ
˿λŮαװͻȻжھһŷλԼǰϲŮ֮һ͡
˵ƺԣ͹ǰԼǸ޵˰ɡһỹҪڴģйеĲɣŮҲֿġ
ھȻô뱧һӯŮҲǼ򵥵顣ƯİŮЦĶھ˵㻹ͦôƯĽŶ
ƯİŮԴ˾ռߣֻģЦŴȤھھҲʵʤ۱磬εһЦȻ͵ͷ߳˾ưɡ
ھһֱϸ֫һִ޳ϡ͵Ľޱȣɢ˿˿͵㣡뻳Ǹоͦġ


204 
ųӵ齵ľƵ꣬͵ԴھĻһһĥţλԲҲ޼ھĴȸڳӵĲʱ߸˵ξͲʱһһ´̼ھھоԼԽԽջˡ
òʡµĴ߳ھæ׼ƵȥҲǼǰ̨ķԱûھһ¥
û߶ԶĴڱͺ˾ƣּϸղСγһĴһſӣСŻھռƵİεγĵŮıڻŮ³ĶȫֵƵĳˡ
ʲô˺ޡھֹһڳһֻͻԲϺݺݵһѡ
šŶ
ھϵģ˽ʮֵУղ˼еĲλԺھٺһЦָ˻ԲϣĸоھһĿĵ
򿪷ţھͱ罿εֱԡңԼĶϲ۹ھȺԧԡ˵
ھԡҵӫƣȻ𼱻ǵİǹԼ·ûӣھȫˡ·ӽϴ»ȻֵԪĺһ㶼Ҫ͵ϴ֮ĵطϴģھʱԺգöĵĴŮĹھɫһѱͣһ˫ֱ㿪ʼŮ·ͽͦԸеģһȥưɵŮ˶ǴͦԸƯġʹԸеװɫŮʿ£Ǳĵɫ˿ȹ޳¶˴룬Ͼ̤һ˫Сɾµĺɫ߸ЬԵúܸԸСΨһеźǣҪȴԸе˿ͺˣ˵ƯŮһ㶼мڿ˿ȲԸУ
ھԼ಻ֹƺҲûڼ˷ܹɫֲھһʱžԼһڸȣòܰ
ھͣ͵ϣֻĽ⿪˳µĵһŦۣŮʿһŦ۽٣⿪һź󣬱Ƽǰѩ׵ļԼԼԿ鹵ھ̲סͷһȼҲȥŮ·ôŮ׻񾱣ǰѩ׼Ͽ
Ůļˮ㣬ھѳֲסھȡţйе
ھһ󣬲ų˿ʱ˱ھ񾱡Ŀˮڼҷǵԭ͵СͮͮģΡһƽʱУԭϾļʱ΢΢˿˿ۺ죬͸죬ˮ۽ޡ
ھ˶ͣǴΪھ˷ܵ飬ֿʼ͵·ɫŮʿµŦһſűھ򿪣ֵ֮ǷʵһԼƷáɫصԸУİǶ԰𪱥á
ھ˫Ŀˣֻ۽ס¸ƽ̹𪣬ǰطԳԸ塣ھͺһĽ§ԼĻ˳סھſ죬ӣҰСͿС췼ۣһ׷ھǰؽǸʵļƷãĦţԵĸоǿӣҵı仯
˵ĽԽԽҲԽԽ̣ѩ׵ļ͸ߺ졣ھһֻĸ˹⻬ķ۱һֲֻʥʥŮ塣ھֻоһֻֻסʥŮĴ룬ȴȫסֵĸо̲סͣ
˿ʼ϶ġšŶھǴܴ̼ԡѪڡھһղŸһǣûء˷СζھеһˬвǣԵǱ˵ķɫСҲܹȡ
ͷھ£õζܵ㣡ѩ׵ķûǺܹ̼˵ӾܵģھͣǴ̼͸ǿˡ
˵ϣھоԼڼĿˡھС첻ϵ˵ļƷϣһֻûǵءšҪѹ˺Ȼ
ھ̧һˡãֻ˵λأΪأ٣ӻôСھʳָĴָһ˽޵Сӣұ㱻ھס˲صĺʹһŤڡ
ھٺһЦԵͲˣȻСӣҡھ˵
˵ȫھǹӡǺھ㿪ʼ˵ķɫȹ⿪¿ɰɫȹǽϾȣȻԲ޳˴ɫԸڿ㣬ȻǶּֿ¶Сڿ㣬ҲǱȶֿ˵㲼ϣֻǿס˰Σ֮΢΢͹ɫԸڿϻ˿˿ˮգ
ھܲ޵Ĵ̼æŮŵڳϣȻԼӣԴŮ˫ȼ䡣ԸеСڿԼ͹֮ĵҺھַֿ˵˫ȣͷһǡһָֻǻԲΣһֻ覵ߣ
Ů˵Ըдһ㶼غ˸ǧĹԴһ˵˫ȼ˽г̶ҪԶԶǰáһˮ۽޵Ůͬ԰˽һЩԷӦҲ⣬෴ǸӼжˮ۶֭ĳŮˡʱھƾãӸ쳣ھʱ˵ĹȾѾҺˡ
ھ˵СڿŮ˽ϿһᣬɫСڿȫʪ͸ˣ˵ҺھĿˮھ͵ҺҺζܵ壬˵𣬵ζܴ̼˵Ǵҩ
ھ˵ڿ㣬һƬ˵ķۺĹӳ̼˵ζҲ΢Ũ
ھѹסǿھ˵ĳ嶯ǿѹе覵壬ھʿˮԡˮˮ£̲䡣
˵壬ŽԡأǱǷ֮ڴˮ֣⶯ˣǰ׻۵˲λھһɫ¶ĵھԡһëͿʼ˲ϴӡΪŮԡϴҲǼʱĿԹռЩˣò޵ΪŮϴϣھٺٵЦŽŮҵĴϡ
Ĳʵƹϣʱڰھӫƴ򿪣һů谵Ĳʵ££ھĴϡ
ھҵ壬ɵóˡ̫ˣ̫ˣǳԸ尡
ȻͲܷܷԼǹ⿴Ƕ˵壬ھѾʮ˷ˣҪ˵ھ˫ħḧ˵塣Ƶ˷ӦСأС졮ţŶϣҲŤھٺһЦ֪˶ˣɵýַƽ̹СֱǷҷĹ֮ء
ֵĸоȣֻĸоھоԴ֮ʱʵϪһҷ¶ϵӿʪھһ֡ϡϡ˷϶Ƿҷ¶ʱ˵ķӦˣȾȻô޵ھϡ
СšҪ˼ˣʱھҲ̲סˣһ¼ͦŭĿԲ֮ݺݵĴ̽ɢԴ
һ֮ھĶھֻоһůůȣխСĿռ䣬ָоŶ˼£ʱ޷Ŀ˳Ϯھ̲סķµ

ھʹһͷŻѾ߳εھǿ緢£Ҳٴӭ߳
ھ˿Ȼԡһë˲ӡ
ʹ˼ҵĸ߳Ȼûļæºھеƣ͵ڴϣ˳ֽüͷչһ˯е˽§ڻ
ھδĸ˵ΣԺȴô졣˲ԼǿɡӦĴˡòӦòᣬ˺þûˣղſǷŤӭԼأǷɧĵô鷢ɧŮھưɿǸߵˡ


205 ͵Ĺļ飨ϣ
ʮһ㣬ھѹˡֱ֮ɫӵͣȻüͷչĺ˯
ŮҲ̫˯˰ɡϵڣ16Сʱ˰ɡֲö˵˯ˣ˯˵ġ
ھſԼ첲ϵͣĸ첲
Ĵ·Ȼ͸Ǻñӡ̾˿Ȼھһߵ̨ϡʱھԺ˽ս
Ѿˣ͸İ취ˡȻ˰ҹҲûʲôð취е㣬ھ㡢ޡ졢ԸС
ھ߽ϴʱھѾдˣͬͬ⣬ҪԼŮˡ
ȻѾдƻǾҪж
ֻھ΢΢žݡݺ󣬽ŲĵȻ˯æھֱƵרó׼òҪԼŮһݰ͡
ھˣǻĲ˲ֻ࣬Ἰ絰˿֮ļ򵥼ҳˡ
ڵļҳ˺ܿͳˡ񣬸ָζһӦȫĲһζھƷ¼̲˵ζо
øѹһСϡͱɡľǻͣϣ׿ڳһԼΪİͣȻԼڳû˵Լ˺þõĻ
Ȼ¶⣬´һʹ޴ֵģǾͲˡ
ھ߽ҡͶͶ
ھỽ͡
ĿˮƯ۾ɫӵھ
ͳİھ΢΢һãھ˵Ͷ緹ɣģ
ţ
Ӧһ
ôϣǸĥ͸˰ھ΢Ц˵ǺãͶѽ˾ͺòúˣ
ţ
ĵͷ
ھʶȤ뿪ңߵſʱ˵ˣȫˣ·Ǵˣ¹һЩŮʿ·㴩ˣ
Ŷлл㣡
͵ɫƽ˿ĵ뷨ھһۣȻʧ뿪ˡ
ھһڿĳɳϣ۾˼š
֪˶ã֮ھоԼȵе㲻ͷˡǻ·ôֲǸʲôѡڻôʱô
ҵűƿӭһе㡣
ھֻоǰһɫȹϸԳŮ˶صķϣŵʡʱͺ񾭹ĴƵģ𪣬΢΢һ˿ߺ죬ӣС콿Σȹµķȹ⻬ϸ𪣬СˣŮΪüݣ뷨ھԺһ
ھԵĸоԼĺӴ֣١ĵֱǰŮ̼ջھ΢΢һЦţͶԵȣҰѰõͿԿˡ
˵߽
ڵС࣬ھȥɰܾڴһˣ͵̬ɫҲƲ뷨治֪Լļƻܲܳɹɹʣ
Ͷǿʼ԰ɣ絽ڶûԷأȾȥˡ
ھʿʢһСࡣ
ţ
ӦһȻ˹Сڳ
ھ̾һԷĺءӲʱ˵ġཡһ죬ھʱޱȡ
ŮͺûʲôӦֻһ˰ĳС࣬ھһӲȴѵԼĲóԣھŵһζ
ھһתڵĲϸŮͼŲˣЦ˵ͶԵ㰡
ллԼ
Цһ¡
һٷܰ½ھ׼õţ̶ݸһȻͶ棬ߺţ̱˼ҪҪھͰԼĿ˵
ھ˼ŵʱȻܷܷϵ꣬ҲϤмͥķ緶
ʰͺˣ鷳Ͷˡ
ھæ˵
ꡯͽһЦŮ˵ĵطЩСŮ˸ġ
˵ŲھӦתȥ
һھŷӦĥ͸ղŻеζ
İԼҵŮ˰ɣϴС¶Īʲôʾһһ޶ֵģƺԼĻ
ھѹס˷ܣԺϸ˼һӣȻ󳤴һʱھѾ¶ˣʹ𲻴ӦҪԼŮˣ
ȥյſڣˮȻھͿһѪ˳档ֻϴˢ룬˵θ߸ߵ𣬽޳ԸеȱֱͦšȹֺԸкСɵھԼԸеĶֿ㡣
ھֻоµŭͦѪڡھһӱ§ס͡
͡һУڵϣ顯һˡоԼھӺ汧ţԵĸеھԼĦͶʱͨ죬İڶͼھĻ
ſңåŪһλһô
΢΢еŭ˵
ţӦһ
ھ촽ſ;Ө۵Ķ˵ȵϢ֮أͲ΢΢еԡ
ʲô
һ
ҵŮˣ
ھԵޱȵ˵
ͽһŤԴɫӵھ
ھĶˮĴ۾˵ôһúð㣬õģ
ʱеͣɫ㱡ãС˵˽ҵĹȥô
֪ⲻҪɣҪҰ͹ˡ
ھԵ˵
ңİô
е䵭˵ϾھŪ
ҿȷĶио
ھɫ϶˵
ǷҶںֻԺҵСŮˣֻһ˵СŮˣ
ھаЦ˵
ǡ
ֹ
ھʱѾ˷쳣˻˵ͺݺݵǺཱུӣСϡ
Եǣ˴ϢˡͳʱԵ˼£ȻھӣҰС첻ϡšŶ
ھӣС΢΢ſûͷ룬˵ĶСࡣ
ھ˷ܵǣ͵СҲھС಻ϵĲšھһֻҲܿƵ͵ȹָǱ塣
ã֣
ھӦңҵŮ˺ô
˵꣬ھͣȴĻش
ţԺŮˣ
΢΢ˮͺݺݵĵͷش
ھһͣȥķ۱ۣھĲӣ˫Ŀ΢ȴھ
ͱھůĶߺ죬Сһ£ȴûѡţԺͶֻһˣԺҪ˼Һã˼ҡ
ھһ󼤶ԴǵҲ˵Щɽ˺֮İȥƭŮӣֻܸ㣬ȻҵŮˣҾͻᾡһпܵĸҸ
ͺ۾жޱȵ鿴ھӣСսھ촽ԥȥ
Ůǡھﲻ̵ģһѽĽѹڿ͵ɳϡСͷ˴˵ֱ࣬ʱķֿ
ھ㣬ԸߺٺЦͶϹ
ߺ죬ܷܷʹھһʹھ졣֪۸˼ҡ
ھװί˵۸ҵĹţϹܲΪɣ
ߵϹɣ
ھͷЦ˵ˣȴ㡣ǽζòãҺúҵţ
˵־͸ʷأ
ᡮšһСֽ§סھĲ΢գԵļǰҲ
ھֹļ˷͵ȹֱһƣʱ޳ȱ¶ڿھ˫ḧ˼£µͲ˵ĽŤھĿƵխСĶֿϣɫĶֿʱѾȫ͵İҺʪھֱоԼһͷԷȣ̲סǶֿ΢΢ĲλŶֿ̼Ů֮
ҪܡϹ˼˼Ҫˡ
ֱоߴ˸һֿм˿˿
ţתϹúÿƨɺòã
ھɫ䶢Ͷֿѩ׵˵
ͽޱȣھİ£ڳһ׸ĽֻĽſɳϣǰ˶鲻ͽʱҡڣҲ֮˵Сȴ߸ߵ
ԵӾھ˿ˮ˫ĸǷɢϡﲻпͶκԲð׻ôխСķɫֿסԲΣֻһСϸݽ˵Ĺȣ˵ĺɫɫĵشҲ¶Щ
ţƨɺԸа
ھаа˵ȻھٺٵһЦȻһָĲ˼Դھֻоָһʪխȵľش֮
ˡϸ˼ҡˡ
ͽţŶ϶˵ʱͨ죬ĿС΢ţȻǶ鲻ѣ
˵ϹϹôʰ㣡
ھһЦǸָγָϴʱ͵İҺ
ͶСţԹԵſ졫
ھ˵ŽǸմͰҺָ
ͱھԣʶ촽֪һʪԼСн֪ǰ˵ָҲĬɫǶ
ôһ嵭΢̼˵ζʱˣɶھԾ۸Լ˼İҺ˼ҵŪߣˡ
۸˼ҡ˵Ҫ˼Ҫ˼ҵġ
գˮ۾ԹޱȵĻͷھ
ھԹӣеԼʲôãôô̬⣬ǰҺԼŮ˵㣬ڵƬﵹǳŮǽǰҺʥˮǺȵʹ졣ԵǸԷܴͳˣָΪԼŪء
ھæСָγǸ˵Բ𣬹ţԺҲˣòã
ţԺ۸˼ҡ˼ҾͲˡ
ͽȴ۵ġ
ھͲûжԼҲȻˡ͵£ھֻɫҼ͸ֽİסǷӣھȲذ˫ַϡھƽĵ鷿ܴ󣬺ͦͷҲôԲɫ
ھ⺬ͷͷϵޣ촽ϵζԶһ㣬ھ˼ӣھĺѽ鷿ķĺܺãҺܸԡŮͺɫͷѩ׵鹵ھеһѣ鷿ۣеԣͷӲˡ
ھʹššţǽؼѹһʵʵѹھ£ھھѹŮ͵鷿ϣѹҡĥšŮʹϢţţ۰׵ķ۱۽§ھھٴʹ˱Ů͵ͷʱŮͼ΢΢ˡ
ŤС˫΢򣬷βڶˣ͸¶ԼʵջǷŵ̬ھҲ֪ѹ˫ȼ䣬ĦȺ塣忿ھ鷿ھֱϣŮһߵ΢˫ۣӣھĺ촽Ө͸
ھС죬Ůӵһڴϡھеʪʪһּζһ˫ֻסھͷסھͷбھգھһһͳϢŮͿкͿˮζһ𴫹ŮͿʼھ촽סھ죬ھоԼ촽ҲմĿˮ
Ȼھ촽ŨŨͷŮ͵ھĿȥھҲ鲻Խͷһ𣬽šھţ§Ů͵Ĳӡ
Ů˫ھ滹Զſ˫ȡھزŪ۵뽫ָ̽ڡصھؿڣ³һһ鷿ѹھֱۺ䶯ţھ͡
ھϣķ˿ھߡھͷķ˿Уѩ׵Ĵϣоðģģһûһ覴ãھ־ơ
ŮȾһƬκ죬¶޳ȣ׺ġëŨܣط΢΢ͻ𣬺ϲ
ھһָеĺܽȷ죬Ħ﷢˺ĴھԾǣȻѴȲ濪ˣھǰ
ھȻŹˣָƬм仺ĦھʪˣĴʼպСһŬıţԼܴھֽһӴ˹ƣڿҲھڿ㱻ھϥȲ濪ھָѨֱֱһҲƨȥ
סھھϽšھָ⣬ָסӹֱҧھƽѩƤǰףʴ޵鷿ھѪš
ھؽסֻ쵽ǰ棬סӱ鷿󵨵ذ쵽Ů͵أһԵʮ鷿Կó鷿ۣ֬߸ͦͷϣʱŪԼ鷿
ѩ׷˫¶ţѩ׷˵úܣһ˫ȵȷˣѩ׵ҫۣ޳ֱ࣬ûһ˿⡣ھֿʼõ߶ƽıϻβܵĴȵĹ⻬
һҹھ㡣ֻͨǴƵĿ֬㣬¡ϼͦͷںޣ¶۵Ĵȣ۰׵¶ھǰ㲻ٿܡ
ֽţһĸоھơھֵظŪѰů鷿Ȼھ޵鷿ǵŮޣûʲôȵŮϵ鷿óԡ
ھҲѹֵĴϢ˫飬һ߰ͦšھһ˫ͷϵ٣òͣС
Ⱦִٵؽ֯һ𣬷۰׵⡣
ھӵϣھָĦĽףֻĽźߵعһ޳ȫ¶ˡ
һ˿ҵ¶۵壬¡ĵĴɫë󲿷ֶ档һϸϸĺɫ죬ĴϻһԴԵë
㣬ֺ̽鷿ѩ׵ͦϣͬһ԰ɫ΢΢زţǺɫɿȥֻǺСһȦͷСŵĺ棬׺˫֮ϡ
ʴƨ·ͨ͸εĺ촽յھĶߣؿñֱҽŷŵھǰԼ˫Ĵȸھھͷһȡ
ھץסĸ첲ʱھеһͻ塣ھһְֻڣܸܵº͵ھȥ
ھæ£˫ĴȡĽźϸֺͿźɫָͣھһס˵㣬һַĴȣָмܻƬ̣˫ʹ۽ϸ
ŮͲͣีĽУھ߿˫ȣھһץס˫磬ڴϣȻס㴽ʮۣһ㷴ûе£ֳ˰
ھŽţ飬غǡŮ͵ĴҲھͷ޼ɵ׷ʱƺΪŶᶶšھŮͶЩ촽òֿˡ
ھḧŮǵ֬۵գ˫ھƵĿ⣬ɬض˼£㲻ھעӣſ޵ͣۡ
ᡭš
˵ھĶߡͷھȵĿǻﻬȥʱܵݵͷ˱Ѿ͵ͬһѡ
Ů͵˫ֽھͷÿھʼھͷͻеһɺ󳶵غͻȻھͷѹϣᶶżһ˵ĵĵ𣺡
ھָͷ
ھͷȥһ캬סһ̺ͷھĴŮ͵ͷਣŮܵһ̷˴ҺҲԵĸоڿʪˡ
зһתɰյۣȻھƣ˿ڿھ徹ëھֹͣ̽ھʳָָ
΢΢ſڲϡطھûסھͷͷ촽˱
ھѳֲסһѱѩ׵Сɽۺͷھ壬ھֲĦһƬëСѨһʪ͸ھСĵھʹ֮£ŮҲϵġŰ
ھǻһƬھƤؿһۣˣḧƽʵĴ϶дڹëĿڣھָȫͣ壬˿ƵŪëھȥ·
ھС˵ٺҵɵڴϣϾھһھſϣһָ嵽Ļûܵκ谭
ھ§סʪ༷ھţǰסھıѸٸھ˵šɡ
ӡӨĴȡ֫鷿õĻߵĴϢŮͳɢھ־ߣƶŮſ˫ȺھְܳɧѨʱšš
ƨ¶˳׶¶˵ȵĸ˫ֽĴȷ޵ѨھСèھǰھŴ۾Ƭ¶ھָƬ¶ɭֵڴʱڴϵŮͼ¶°˫ſ¶ش
ھŮӵ뻳Уھ޹˼ɣ޾ھĿڡࡢھ֣ھȥꡢѹ˱ҧŮ͵鷿ͷ
ھŮͲ֬۵Ĺ⻬ͷϸϸüëͿ۲ʵ۾۵۶ǡ۵֬۲ҧıӡ޵촽ھۻ-
ŮʹϢеȲš
ھŮ߬סھĴеԼϲ䡭ļҺʪ˵塭ŮţŤŰ۵ķΡšһھ˿ȼھļϣھŵһŮ˵ζھıӣСȣȻ壬յھֳһ֡
ھͷһ¿ˮͷŮ͵Ŀ䣬ȵϢͣɱǿŮ͵СɣȲǺֻܿھָСҲǺܳĺëĺһһµĶţɫۺۺģЩʪĹЩζھָο֣ץסѿŮһͦ

ŮͺһΪھץסеĻ١
㲻Ҫѽ
ھָһֱ
ԽԽ٣ŮС㽿ţһ紺ָֽ쵽Ů͵ضСĵŪšھ˫۽˼ǣͷһšŮͲϺߺţŤţ˫ֽץھļţھ˫ҲסȥŮͰزھŪǶԷۺɫͷʱھ˷ܵ˫ץ˫ûؼ궯ŮǶۿھһۣھ˫˳ŮƣŮ˫Ρ
ߡߡมߡŮͱ˫ĳƮţӷۺɫ
Ů͵Ťһ¡ھָһ뿪Ůѩƽ̹С粨˰Ϊܴ̼ȫ类絽ĿпߡУָҪࡣָ첦
ŮһҡӺȲϵĲһɫҺ建й㻵
˼˵ھָһŮ͵ڡӴҪŮͷ۵СԽԽ죬ţ岻סŤţȴ£˫ְסھͷȽعסھľ
ššͶŻӡšھָֽɦŮ͵ڣȻⷭ¶ڱڷۺɫģۺ۵ģƨɶʪҮ


206 ͵Ĺļ飨£
ŮͲͦˣ˫Ҷ˺ѣˣ״̬ࡣҪٸˣͶͶҪˣ֣û㡱ŮŬھͷͦھ»ŵ΢¶һ۵ٺ΢΢ſķۺڡ
ŮһҲСŮ˰ѽܲˡ
Ůվڴأ˫ֲŰھͷϣھһͷխȹף澹Ȼһɵζ淢ౡھʳŮ͵СѨ
ھֱסŮ͵βѨھھ졢µŮȫ泩ȻھŮ͵β١Ů͵ھһͦھҧţŮͻԾ̧βҺھԸɾ
ھ˫ֳſ˫ȣ¶ھͷھ⸲ϱھ˫ʳָſڣҲûУֻǲͣĴϢš
ھŴڳİҺЩɬǳҺ޵ζھԲڴİҺھֻϢھĿƳ촽ߴڲ࣬ڣƵߴڲֱ࣬ɳһΣҧںëھĵƵëǵشϸزھϸҧÿ缡飬ѹ飬ͣ鹵ͷ飬ϸ֬㡣
ھ˫ַŮ͵ȣŮ͵ĴȸŮ͵Ĵȹ绬һ˵Ȳˮۡ
ھҧ˿ڣСĵһʵϥǴŮ͵ĴȣŮ;ЩЦϥǣŮ͵ϥǺܹǸУھоܺá
ھͷŮ͵˿ൽĽ㴦ھһ·ȣ˷ܵòšŽ˿ѵ¶Ů͵㣬ʱͷȣܰ׺ܰףֺܳСȥպãֺھֺЩÿֺ϶Ϳֺͣȥ˭Ѫġ
ھת̲סŮߣָţްָھתšŮƺϲھ۵ָھԣǷǳ΢˫ͷԼ޴вϷߺ
Ůѩ׵׺һԺɫӲݣȫһ˿ңŶһλΣھĿⲻ˶ת
ע⵽ھ濪ȣ¶˫ȼ֮ſ׵ҫ۵ĴȣԼ˫ھָȻĵĲţ˫ֲ鷿׵鷿ˣھҵر˫Ǻͷ
΢һۣŮ͵Ĵʪزţ̲סϱȥŮһҲ类ܰ㶶šˮ˹۵㣡ھҲͲסˣţ·ԲƵġоǣƬͬʱ˫Юţ̲סš
ھ˫ƬϸŪȻѨϵţʱĥˡ޵СѨֱھǣھÿڷѨѨаҺ㣡ھ˱
Ůϥͷ˫ȽھͷżƴĴȲͣﵽ߳ƨҲʼ´
ĺԽԽ٣еޡޡ
һ㣬޵ھھ͵ߵζھÿڷؼھͷ޵ѨҵŪҺմͷھHŪҰ˽У
ھ£Ů180ȵھϣѹھھҲץסŮ͵ͷѹȥŮ˳סھӲ΢΢ſС죬ؽھĴͷ˽ȥűãһһͷĶֽ˫ȴ¶ʪʪյھŮ˫ֳھĴϣŪھͷһھڣȻؽھĴ˵СţڵıԵһֱͷϴת˱СԸٶȵ´ھ˷ܣһ³ھΧԸе˫ţٺھиš
Ů͵Ŀڼõúܣǰѿڽھ˷ܵץŮ͵ķʱۣѹھ죬ëھ߸оֵֹġھһŮС죬ֱŮ͵ĴھĸоŮͽھĴ룬ھ͵ָˡ˿ڽʮھŮھ鶯ʱܻἰʱ³סھֹھ
ھûжٵëŮͺΪ硣Ůھ̶ھĴСϸָĦƨΧھƨ۴Ūš
ھ˷֮ͷŮ͵ѨûؼţŮͶʱֺߺˣƨѹĻķסھ졣ھ˫˳ŮƣŮ˫ΣھٴηֿŮ͵ĴͷȥˣһģİҺھ
ھŮŪԽԽŮ͵ͷҵһһԸ˵С̵ھ˫ֺݺݵץŮ͵ƨʹסھͷ
ھŮŮ͵ھھʳָŪŮ͵ˣ˵ʳָָһسͲ£һŮ͵İҺȻൽھָѵһıмƷھܴ
ھŮ͵ȦȦ죬Ȼ䲻غݺһڡร
Ůͽ˳ھѨŮ͵ĴԽԽҺϵشصζһž˷ζ
ʱŮͣݽҧ´Ϸšš
ŮͺȻڵظţھһ㣬Ȼ˱Ѩҵѱܵ
ʱŮͳһֻڴϣѩ׵Ѿر¶ھǰھӵŮͳϣ˫嶥ھزоáӣھֳ嶯˴ܵŮ͵ȫϣεѹס˫ֽ˫壬Ļеȥ
ھ˳һŮ͵£ھתͷȥǣ˳ȥھ˫˫ȼ䣬ſȣıλС
˵ˣɲܸҡ
ھǰһͣСܵ׼ȷĶʪСϣһҵλãͷֿڣ޷˵ؼ˽ȥŮͲʱĺ߽ջھӿ졣ھ˳ƽŮ͵Ѩ¹ȻܻھͷһŮ̺ⶴھŮ͵СѨھ˷Īԥھ̽˽
һеխڽھҪĦھֻڸоůţǿʼлճУھ΢һµݺݵؽŮ͵ŮĤشٴСɿɰѨغסھ׳̰ؽھŮĸ

Ů͵һӱýֱһƺۡھһʹСܵ˳ͻϰһůʪܵ硣
ھ˻˶ԳƵİھСܵܽסĽͣ䶯ţƺ泤С˱ھһššܲˡม
ŮüչŮ͵΢΢¶ı顣
ԸеСд·彥еˡȻŮ͵ſھס߳еھϽס壬Цڳһָֻ֣ŽŮ
ŮͱھסֳھļϴϢţɢŷ˿Ůֱͦ֫ھɴ˫۶סŮǰǶԸʵ˫壬˵ƯΣŻᶶѡھתƣ˩˿һءŮɫʹ޳˫ڲţʮָץھļھʱһ飬˫ֽץס˫顣
ھ˫ּǷΣھ˫ھͷŮ͵ӿʼضţ첲ʹȾצצһزסھҵһ߿ھ𣺡มϹ
ʮ²ŽƽϢ
Ůͬһ̲̱ھ£ھһ˫飬ʱҲ¡šϹڻȡš
Ů͵ĻѴˣھĴȱߣھһֱŨŨëھһŮ͵Ĵȣͷִʪʪˡ
ΪܷھɴСϣŮſȣмѿһ죬Ȼھïʢë֮У¶Ƭ⣬ԴɫĴԵмǺɫģʪģŮͼĴ̼ھ
ŮҪţ˫Żſ繷ڴϣĴƨɣǰһػζšھ˫˳Ů͵СɵĽһ·˳˿ڲ˵׺ε񻨣׺ε񻨵Բʳš
ŮסСѨھֻýŮƨŪӴŮʱŮ͵紥㶶һ£ƺ˵еԸдھͷһؼɢŨŨ鹵ͬʱŮͲ䶯ķӭھھץŮ͵䶯ͷ˷ܵƷζ
Ůͺ˽ţţھּŪ飬Ůƺ˷ܣԭСѨ򵱳ԼѨϸָҲץסھѾ͵뵽ůСѨСھĸ첲ʹһͱһȫ룬ھһҲ³һھھز棬Ľ䶯󻬡
Щ̲סˣŤϸСҡŷӯΣƬ۵ĦھԸеĺ촽΢΢ţһ˵ૡϹĥˡ
ھҲǸ֭˫˳Ůθж顣ʶûȵ۶Ů͹ȻǾĿˣŲͣصŪŮ͵ⶴжŮʹѶ˶Ρ
ھֱָŮ͵СУŮͲͣİҺҺͿȫ͸ɫ˿봲ȫʪھĲƨʮ֮ãȫزŮ͵Сˬھȫ궯Ůѩ׵壬ڵھʶ̬ھŮ͵֮пȥ΢ŵƬһΰҺԼðŨܵëУŮסŪһֲëſƬʪʪֹͣܵļ⣬ӭ˵ʵи
ģƶͷԵĨĨİҺһְֻѲϵİƤƿٰͷƵھͷϵȥŮԼͷһֱһʼһһϣʱŹǿڣ˳ĽǶȣ
Ů͵ǳʪŤһһɸоھͷھĹŮůʪ妵סͷǰһֱȻſſǶٴμסָоҳŴԲ
ŮʱҡƨɷʱĽǶȣȫ롣Ȼֻȫȫİסʵھȴȫסȫھһ΢ӲĶ޷ǰˣŮҲǰſھϣסھͷбھգھһһͳϢŮǱߴŮתͷھ촽סھ촽Ů͵ͷͷھĿȥ
ھͣŮ͵üͼʹƶȻÿھһܵѹžһһдԣŮſھϣʵĸоŤƨĥϽסǸʪ͸ѨȫʱͿʼŤھɣΪȻıеýġ
ร
ŮƨԽŤԽ죬ҲԽԽھ֪ŮһٵŤƨɺѴﵽθ߳ˣŮ͵СѨԽԽʪھĿҲӸոյ־ĥĿתֻнĴѨУŮˣҲСˡţţţรϹأţร˻
Ȼھϡ
ſŵŮ˵ˣδĻŤƨɣΪֳͲͬڸ߳߳һָ߳ѨĳȴάһγʱھʹܴԽԽĳнܳĴ̼
ھĴŮ͵гʱоˣšҪôҪˣ˼һҪٲһ
ھŮͷѹ棬̧ܵھϣͦץסھͷ׼ڣһֻߣŨܵëȻٲĴھͷöסȵڡมˣϹҪ㰡
ھһӲͦƨһѹ֨һھûŮССʪڣŮͶʱ
ղŮھʱھоСպã벻Ů͵ڱȸղŵСˣؿھھ³鶯Ů͵ȥһµͱţϴϷŮ͵ķȽĲסھֻ£һ𼸺ʹھܶھƴزŮ͵İҺŪôʪʪġ
รϹ
Ҫ㣬ˬô
มมˬˬ
ھ˫Ů͵ϸͱŮ˷ܵؿˣϴţһЩ໰Ҳѿڶ
˫ͻȻſôˣھ㻬û뵽ȼھľȻнƨɣһӼסھھŬһŮַھƨɣáϹҡǻʽ֫ſڴھӺش
Ů͵ʽֱ̫˵ˣڣھָᲦͷһͦתŽŮ͵ĿɰˡŮھ£ǰǰңһزȻŮ͵˽бȸղŻͣ˷ܵȫҺ˳ھȲ¡
ھԽԽӲͱʮ£ֿ˫ȣھСھ߰ͷԵƨɡھǰŹɹơߵĳʪ˿Ůͣ΢쵽סھʱͷûл˷ֵм䡣
šš
ŮüšھҪš
Ŷ
ھֻûʪķУס˽һȦ⣺桭һ㡣
£šá󡭡̫󰡡

ͻȻͷСڣھ϶ȥ̡һֻûСֻʪܵСѨ
ǰ˫ֳھϣҵĴţø硭ĺôѽášš̫̫ϲˡŶŶ
۵ĴƨȴƶţŪţھҲɣӭ϶Ů͵СѨܣһȦȦʪ˿ޣŪھͷ
λв֮ǿϵĵطֻüǳǳëŵ֮£ֵиȻΪŮ͵֭Һ裬̡̡
׶šھ˵͡Ͷáðɣ㾡˶ͶС
̰ضšŤţˬˬ¡ôôʪšѡˡ
ھۣе㲻ȶŤţԭȵ˫ַס˳ָȥŪһԳͦĺɫ١ھԼŪǶͷĶ˼£ֻȻͦţС˻˻"Ȼ󡭡ͻȻ£ھؿڣָھļȫţСѨǽշţůҺ漤
ھѹ£Ů͵Ķ˵㡭߳ʱ򣬺ˣֻƶ졭"ŮʹӣС죬ھĴгھȡķۺСͷھ⡢촽Ʋ˱ھڳƵ㷢ǵĿ϶Ͷ˵ģˬʹ𣿡
ͨ죬ָھգŮͱѹҶϣŮſھҶǵ촽ร
ھ˫ץȣһ
ھ˫ֽշǰأ˫ۣھ֣ڵɸе˷ܵķھǰȥ߽һ˫ץŴ˫ڣСھ˳ٲ룬˳롭ؽţھͷеһһĿУɽƣԽԽߡ
Ŀһαһθ󣬽Ҳˡھ˫ǰס˫飬ʧȥƵ˫ȣƣЮھھҵţʹ˫飬ȥ˫Ҳ˱ھͷ
ھӣҡεúܣھȥʮκҵУھסӣ˳
ڵشϢؿţ˫鲻ͣ²ջھھǰ˫ס飬ͷʹ˱ס⣬ҧţͷš
һŴڣ롣ھϥǰסھȷУԳһ£ھʹβǰƣٶȽڣھƹȥѹϣھ뿪Ĵδۣھ̾һͷ΢΢һ˵Ҫúáϧң𡭡̫
˵ٱ˳յߵۣӰޡ
ھ˫Ʒֱ࣬βʩȥھʪ˳гͨ裬ھͷںĦһһУھƳ۳ƽԭϣھ𽥼Ӵ죬ͷƫһߣ˫ֿסھľ
ھÿƽһΣ˫Ͳһ£񶹸һھе˷ܣӼ£ʱ򣬱ѹڵذھԵֱӣھ壬˫Ʒھ΢΢ǰƣȻͷƺ޷ھ΢΢ǰ˼Σ˫ļ˵º飬ʪ͸ĳɨھա
ھ٣ʼھ϶ھٶѹڴϣھ˫ץסضʹؽϣʮεĦŵ˸߳ʱţʱţȥִھϻ䣬ҡβѵ鷿ϣ沿޺
ھĴϢͻھ֮ĺˮҡʱɶ䶯˫飬ھ£ԭʼɣʹھ𽥴ﵽ߳ھʼеڽЩˣھǰһҲȫĿھϣھӵš
ھŮ͵˫ȣȥ嵽ײֱͷĥŮ͵Ļġ
ھŸɣӺɡһٶ£Ů͸߳һһ󡭡ھʪܵȻŮͷ£ھŮһ˫޳ȹסھھزԡҧھļ򡭡
ھŮƽڴϣŮţھ˫ȼнŮͽ˫ʱھͷպòڣȴס٣ھÿҡһŮͶǿҵĿУֱӼд̼ٵĿˬġġھҡһΣŮͶ󺰴С
ھһһض룬ȥһ˳ٽ롭һȫȥˡھоǸֱ޵׶ھšŮšÿķӾһθ߳ȻġΡ
Ů˵װģҰɣûôͻ̱زˣſڴϡ
ھſŮ͵ıϣŮ͵ķģеԣھ壬ھĸβײţžž
ھһֻ̽Ů͵ǰŮ͵鷿Ů͵ͷһֻƵŮ͵ǰ棬١ѽ࡭
Ůûκζ۾¡ǰļлšˬѽҲֵˡҪһҹ
Ůھ棬ھϣھھӲˡھͺŪһ֬鷿
ŮھԿëӵصĳܲƬ̺˿סھŮæŰβ̧䡣̧ʱھ㱻³۵ļҲβµʱȥȻӲĴҲû
һھַѹŮϣ˫׽סŮ͵鷿ŮھڣھһͦӲĴ׵زŮʪСⶴˡھоͷļΧŮ͵Сⶴнس鴤ĿвϵشھƨԾӲĴпͲ壬Ůذѩ׵ĴſʪھЦš
ھԾβôӲĴŮ͵ⶴǳֱײŮҲھĶѳܲһͦһͦھӭաҲڳˮʹ˵ٽʱˡ̣̣
졣
ھ˺һŨŨľҺͣھ˽ӵϢϸϸζ߷ϣ
ô
ھʡ
ţ
һ죬ɬ˵
ٺ٣
ھĺһ¡

ͽһ˼ʲôˣɲܸ˼ң
ţȻ㲻ҵĵһŮˣұ֤һúõ۰ġ
ھ˵
̾˿е˸е˵һԶ㣬ҲҪκγŵҲںûŮˣֻϣңʲôʱ򶼼ڵ㣬㣬ף㣡
ھͣ˵Ǹжʲô
ھͽ§ڻŵ˵ţͶԺҶԶ㣡
ţͶҲһ
ĿžӨˮҸᣡһ̣еҸ


207 ˫ɣϣ
֮ھص˾յ˾ھʱסˡ
ֻſڣʮŮŮ˲ĶҾȻһ˫̥ãֱھɫҪˡ
ھȥһھ۾һ߹˵ܲãҪأҸһ£ǹ˾ǩԼˣ褽û궼24ꡣ褣Ѷ˾ܣ
һѶ˾ܣ۾һϽǰ§ұסھЦѽܣ˼Һϲ㰡
˧
ھŮʱҲŵˣһѶŮô¶ŮҲ̫˰ɣ
ٺһЦ˵ϰ壬Խûҵģʵ˵ǶǴŮǣһֱϴھưҵûѶ͸ǩˣϰ壬Ȥ𣿡
Ŷ¶
ھЦȻת߹ס褽õ֣˵λ˶¥̸̸İɣ
Ůκ죬ܾĸھ˵ݡڹ˾ְԱˣװûﲻ֪ж༵ʡ
ڣ칫ҵķֻʣھˡȻܴ󵨣ϾǴŮʱεĻһۣһھΡھֻǲϵĴڷвһŰɫװ򴩺ɫƷװֻ࣬һһףûջһš
ڣھ褽йȥ̫ʦߴߵھǰھֽȥ褵ȹڣ褱ܵĺϽ˫ȡ褵ĺ߼ھđjɰС¶ڶȹ֮⣬ھСȣӴƨɡ
ܲǰĸҷҲԸΪԼġ褵Сȹ⾻˿֣ھԽԽ˷ܣͬʱҲй
ȱ޳ˣͬĽʵеԡһھ˵ǴŮ𣿡
ͨ죬Ϊĵ˵ͷ
ھЦ˵ܺãǵһΣţϲӵŮˡ
ھʾ˵ͷɣú˵ʲôóš
ɵĽ⿪ھе㲻֪롣ְĴͳͻѪ֣òª˷ģµĸо
εİǸУھУŶúá
״ֻи£ھ룬ԣ޼ɵֽ֣ȥӣָú߳ܣһӵһθ˸Ҫλһǰ
ھ˵ˣ褣ɵȥ
ھұ칫ܴȥԵرСھֱӵİ褵ڿ㡢ѵ·ȹţץ褿ɰСȣǷֿȻһͦ˵Ѵ褽С褵ĴŮھĴʱ褸еһʹѹĽе
ǿסмˮҪˡ
ھţ˫סڼ鹵һ褵˫ھ޴кߡھûٶҪһ褴ŮϢܴﱻԵΧŵѹȸС
ӹһӣھʼ͡
ƽľϣھÿεĲ룬褺߷ݵǰ壬ھ˫˫飬ǵְֱǰΪھ褵·ȫѵԭΪ·ϵĦƤС褵زܵ˴ѹδ˵СھĴţ褵ȻеʮʹղǿסľөҲ̲סˣнеźߣźߡݷ˽ſԼʹ
ʹıھޑjѹߣھûͣ£ӿƵʣӴ͵ķȡ褴Ӹղšźߡڸ˻У
ھ褣ô㲻ϲҲ𣿡
òش𣺡ǣܲϲôС
£Լ·ʵںΣԼ͵һҽϵԽƵľĪںܿԻҪŮһ¼£ΪԼ뷨еݡ
ͻȻھֹͣ˸ŷݣڳǸմ褴ŮѪҺߣݵǰʾŽ
ѪܵʪĻҺӭһȳζ¾ͺѵˣ˵Ҫסھ˵ס
˵űͷ̧Լ¡
ۿھͦ߿ҪԼˣɵſ촽ھ߽롣
ɲʱгѪҺеһŻ̵Ϣ˺һᡣ
ھ˵ͷŶСѾôҪúõĸһһҸԲԣ


208 ˫ɣ£
ֻ뿪һУ뿪ⳡΡֻ첻󣬲ȫסھŵھϸС֣һԼ
СһӴھȵھ˵ǡǡˬĺˬá
Ȼһͷ㷢һһ͵İС쵱ĸÿβ붼ҪʺΪֹʱҪ˱Ĺͷ
ӣھĶĿУֱȵľҺھľҺûѡء
ھ۾֮г󣬽⿪ĳѩ׵ظϣ鹵һ̲ɫľҺĴȺСºһ̲Ƚƽʱܹ裬ºڵ³ĳ
褸մӲŵľκжھͶ˵ϵľҺǬҪ˷ѡ
褹ԹԵĹǰÿϵľҺ褵պöھھղŻпžӣûȫйϣڻǽǹǷ褵ȹӣǹٶȴڡ
ֻйɾ޴˺һ룬ŵúѹ
ܲã㡭ͣ֡Ĳˡ
褰
УлҲˣôҪ𣿡
ھЦĻش
ʵŮʱԽԽھϲõŮˣһҪһǿһ㱩ź档
褣խҪҪԺҹĸ档㲻£ҲҪԺǾһ̺Һˡ
ַ褵һµڳš
㡭Ӵæ̺ܲһ¿ܲˡ
ۿھûͣ˼쳣Ĵ󣬸ձ褱ھӲɵĺҿ࣬ÿһµĲ붼Ҫ褵ܲ˱㿪ʼ
ƽʱͬã¶Ϊʹı飬ҲǺѹۼ褱ھݺݵĳţҲԼͬˣھǸ޴ʱܵʹ
Ȼһ¡Ŷ㲻ˡٻ
褼İ׳ӣھˣҲһʱ䡣ھǰ˵ܲҪҪϢһ£̺㣿
ھ˵ãô̺ң
һ£ҧһҧڿѵھǰܵĲλھһз֪δ˵Ҳɲ˷ܣּӿڽƵʣֻӱܡ
ܲáȥӴ𡭡

֪ھΪܲã˱ָʹ˵ʲôָ˭͸˭ʲôʱֵ̣
ּӴ˳͵ķȣÿζγٲ롣ʱֻ˵ʹֻܡӴ
Ĵš
ھҲûзŹѨָȥڣڳѵõĲ״˲һкҲϸָԸеѹҪ˵Ǵߡ
ھ˹ǵƣַ칫ſ˫ƨ̣ϰ΢ǰһǰͻ̣ͻʵӣԲƨɡھͦӺȥʹİ
ǽѵղŵҪþ͸ãû˵ķݣ֪ǲǲϲҸɣ
ھݺݵ˵
ǡܲáҪɶöԡ
޿οɵĻش
ھ˵͹ˣһúõġϣҪӡ
ϣ˫Ƚȹڱ¶ֻԵø޳;ϸɬͺ߸ھđjھ룺˵ŮʵѵãһҪúõĵһ£ðżҵĴ֮Ҳϡ
İѵ¶Բĵ鷿һԡŮִǰ͵鷿͵ĺټھһѣ֮ʵԼѡھԼԼ鷿
ס˫ڼ򼷳һ鹵΢ı飬촽ҧȰڶвȻķĽࡡ
ǾھҲ٣ȡ
ھͣڳͣ˫̽ǰĴ褵˫飬Խ˷ܾԽ褵ʹֻ˻ƵٽУŶ
ⳡκʱŻսᡣ
褵Уھİ褵ƽ⣬ȻڷܵĵһҺ
ھ뿪褵壬˿ֶһսƷ
֪ѾˣϴͿҶˡҲһ褶һۣĬĬͷ
ھޱȣ·ЦԺҵŮˣһúǣǺúźҾˣ
õܲõʾŮڿˣҲֵõġ


209 Ըܾ
һ磬ھҪȥμһ֣ŵģΪľǽھʶ̨Ůܾ
ܾھһ£֪ŮǣӢԪŲܾ̊ʡ̨У˫ABͣʱȡ⾲Ϊ죬ĸ׸ļһձ˽⣬ܾ
ܾ80ĩ90̨Ůż񡣵ʱܾѸߺ̨½Լǣĸһ˲Ĩȥഺ䡣ܾй20Ÿ˹רͶרСʮһ졷˵Сè˵Ҷ뷲ľ顷µܡ˶ౡر鲻䡷ө桷ȥտ֡ʮ꡷ҵҸ𡷡ūһǧҰ㡷䡷ȡ
Ůھжţܹھʱе˷ܡ
ܿģ̨꣬ھ˽ᣬָηֵ̨ѾˣͬʱڵĻһʮҵ츾òޣڰĵĵְҵװһԺ֮ķ֣ʮˣɫȹһԹϹԸеɫ˿࣬žǡ
Ų̊ӰӸܾ
ŮھһžͻָЦЦ
ã
˽˰ʺ
վھ˵ˣǽһ£̨ܾ֣
Ǻã
ܾ΢Цվ
ھ˵ܣǺãھ
˿˵˼䣬ЦԱͣ
һŮԱ˽Ѳ˵һھ˸ۣܲƽⰡСãһ˵͵ĿҰ
ͺܾھЦ˵ܡ
ھЦˣھУ
ܾԥһ£˵ͷ˵ھ˵дǳпյĻҪдһ׸谡
ǺǣðҪ󣬾дһҲû⣡
ھЦ
ðһף˵ģһԣ׷
ܾЦ
ھ
̵ģһ׸裡ⲻҪܾݰ
Ϻ飬ĴҹЦȵ˵ĳ꣬ھܾŮȥϢҺ˵һĻ
תۼ䣬ĵ㣬ܾЦھ˵ھûͨ棬һȥ磬𣿡
λ츾ȥ磿ɵӲŲȥھæ˵ðȥһߣ
£ھ˦еıڣԻ˵ױȻʹܾԼĺγһ·ȥ
ھĳϣ̨еķ羰ܾʱغھ˵ЦھҲֵú
ܿģҹĻ٣Ѿ㣬ھоеˣ¶ܾ˵㣬ҸطԵɣ
Ǻǣģʲô
ܾʵ
㿴ǰмҺţ꣬ȥ԰ɣ
ھЦܾҲûзԡ
ͣſڣһ꣬ھܾҪ棬ܿģˣܾĬȻ
ôˣ㣿
ھʵǲ治Ŀζ
ǰ
ܾҡͷֻѾþûֱֽСԹˡ
ол𣿲
ھȻааһЦ˵㣬ǻǵһμɣΪʲôҪһμ˳أ

ܾһ㶣̶΢Ц㡭˵Ϊʲô
ھǺһЦһ棬˵µ͸һǳҵɣ
С֪װᣡ
ܾЦһھƨЦ
ȻܾƨˣھһȻų޵ܾճյ˵㣬ĺʮ㣬ǺŮζ
ѽھô˵ֻҲ֪ߡ
ܾһ죬ͷʼ档
ھܾ߳꣬ھʵˣҲ㶵ˡҲˣȥĶȥҹ𣿡
ǺǣŶʮ𣿾Ҫȥҹ갡
ܾھļ˵
šʮûȥҲҹˣ硭
ھ˵ţ§סܾӣ˵һؼңΣ
ѽ㲻Ҫ
ܾھӣЩ˵ھǽкøвųġɲ˼ʲôǷ֮롭
һΪϲңҵģһĵģ
ھ¶ĵģ
ܾˣһЦ˵ھ㲻Ҫ¶ıҪɣĸɽ㣬Σ
ɽ㣿ϣҡɡ㣡
ھЦ
ھ㲻Ҫôôḡ
ܾ˵ѾѾʮһˡ̫ԶǸ
䲻⡭
ھȻһѱסܾ쵽ָܾһá
šھҪ
ܾߵصȴûйֵĵֿھȻȻķ֣ܾƺִԼвϲ¾Ȼܾ·С

вλϮܾŤԼ֫еھԡ̫࣬Ҫ
Ǻð㣬һؼңΣ
ھһܾӣҰ㣬㣬ҵŮ˰ɡ
šԡšðɡҸؼҡš
ܾڻ˵仰ʮĳҪھ
ã㣬ˣҴȥ
ھڷſܾһţɳ۶ȥ


210 ܾ
ھν̨ļңھ̨һ߼Ԣ
ʱ򣬳ͣ¥£ܾھ³ھһЦһѱסܾˡ
šҪҪ
ܾӣ΢صֿھַ
˭֪ھȴûжֶţ΢Ц㣬˵Ҷ磬ǲǿݸߣҺãҰ㰡
šǣôء
Ȼܾ˵ˣΪĺ촽ھĴסˡ

ܾеʱһƬհףʵθھ˵Ҫھֻύһѣ˭֪ھȻԼȻСԼʮĴкַܾȴͷһеģ˳ˡ
ھŪܾ촽ӣȻɿ˵ȥʲôĿģ㣬Ҷϲˣ㣬ҪҵŮˣһ˵Ůˣ
ڣңھܲؽܾ˴ϣܾЩ죬ҲЩӺ˷ܵؿھ
ھҲһǰѹסܾӣסͷƴĺ촽
š
ܾʮУһǣַܾסھھͷŪܾĿǻ˵ͷڽڽӴˬĲˡ
š
ھ촽죬ܾĲͷزܾʱҲȫ鶯״̬죬Ϣ֮忪ʼˮ츾ķ鱻ȫ
š㣬Һð㰡Ҫ㡭Ҫ㡭
ھ˵ţվԼϵ·˲Ѹ⡣
ܾھ˶ޱȵļ͵ʱ򣬵ʱŴ˿ڣ̾ô󰡣벻ھ㻹ıǮ
Ȼ
ھЦǰְֳܾҵףű¶ܾһԱ鱻ɫסھһȣһܾ֣ʱǶԴӵ˳״ʮɫͷʮˣھҲס鷿Ǹоˬ
š
زвλϮܾԽȣҲͬһ緢
ţزô󰡣㡭
ھ˫ЦҸѵȹӡ
šҪѺòáˡ
ܾ
㣬㻹ֲ߰СŮɶ
ھ˵ţɷ˵ܾȹӡ
ȹӻ䣬¶Ŀ˰ɫڿ㣬ھǺһЦ˵㣬ڿ㴩ĺܱذɫģϲ
˵ţھܾӣڿڰڵζԼЦð㣬Ҫƨɡ
˵ţھܾڿ㣬ʱȱĿβչھǰ
ƨ治һǺӵġھٺЦ
š⻵Ҫ˼ҡ
ܾʱͬһµСһ㣬ߵúܡ
ٺ٣㣬㻹߰Ů̫ˣɣҪˣ
˵ţھܾӣζԼüʹӺ׼ܾѾʪ˵СѨĦ˼£Цʪϲ㣬ܽ𣿡
šҪͽôʡ
ܾ˵
Ǻǣðý㣬ҽˣҲ٣
ھ˵ţһͱ룬Ӻ湥ܾĵ

ܾо޴ļǿһԼ壬ֳʵĸоȫˬõʱ˽гáðššˡСѨھɵ̫ˡҪҪԡšҪˡٽȥҡҪˡšҪҪˡšߡŶŶ
š
ھһĴܾΣ御ܾСѨϲֺʽӺ濴ŮСټܿǷβھ˵ʶ壬ܾСѨ
㣬ҰˡСѨ÷Ұ㡭š
ܾھĶͽлںһγһAV̼Ļ棬ھĳ鶯Խ죬ܾĽлԽԽھϺƳʩչķǳѸܾҪιȥھͰҲԽԽǿңܾԽǳ
ࡡھ𡭡˼ˡ졭มߡԶ㡭ߡ졭١һЩࡡšม
ھҵġˡ󱦱ھҡˡһЩࡡšҲˡҲˡ
ھܾٸһСʱھɵܾˬޱ߽磬Ȼھڵﶥ壬һľҺȻܾڴϣȻھܾҲǻ
㣬𣿡
ھһ§סܾӣǺЦ
šھɵҺҶˡ
ܾؿھ
ϲ㣬㣬ҵŮˣҵ˺𣿡
ھ
šֻҪ㲻ҡ˼ҾԶŮˡǺǡ
ܾʱѾϲھˣղŵĿδܹġ
Ǻǣð㣬ģպڣԶάˡ
ھЦ㣬ҵ滹Щܲ͸һ£
㡭ˡȻҪ
ܾɬѣȴûоܾ˳ӵſھȱߣסǻĴ󼦰ͣС

ھʱޱȣסܾ㷢һС
ܾĿڼʮھܵĺܿģһһŮȻǵ͵Ľɪͣǿޡ


211 
ܾܾ˯֮ھݣ˳ӵԸŮˡ
ܿģھʹں椡
ʱھȴûЩ飬Ϸɻ׶׶
׶ǺĳУʻСʽΪ׶رУǰΪǡ׶λںĺ򣬳ʰ뵺вǺ׶ΡáƼĻģ֮Ƕ˿ڼ1000Ȼ׶ռ0.6%׶GDPȴռGDP21%׶ʮ֮һҪľġ׶Ҳ֮һ߶ֻĳУָֻһ׶Ҳ˾ܲڵأж׶з֧Ŀ˾ܲ׶
ʱģŸո߳ΣûδָǺʱңʱ׶Ȼʮַ
ھӰѾܴˣھ׶ӭˡںֲĸˣһˣĻкֵľֳ׶гξֳָ
⼸λں߳ƵĴ٣ǴʱȻӭھɼںôǿ
ûʱᣬǮ
ʱͨУǮߣ
ʱھλŮڱڵıµ͵߹æƨƨߵǰסھ֣й˵ѽϰ壬ӭ
ھ΢΢һЦ˵ǺǣҺܸ֪λǡ
æ˵λǺĹԱ־ֳ׶г񣬻ξֳָ׿λλҵļ̳ˣھ
ϰá
λӲй˵
ھǺһЦĺ˵λôúˣҶ
λû뵽ھȻ˵ôǳһ̶ֳ˵ԭҲ˵ǿʡǲˡϰ壬ѾƵΪ׼˷ḻͣȥɣ
ھǺһЦ˵ֳô˵һоеˣǾ߰ɡ
ţ룡
Ц
ںֿϽγϣźĽֵھСʱȥһγʣȻֻﶺһ죬Ǹӡ̵ǳʵķӸ½ȶԶһʱ֮䣬Գʺͺľʵ˸Ƚϡ
ܲ˵ʵͳκܿӵ
ƶϽ߶廹ʵУȴʵС
ϵϽչͲʵˣȴʵС
ƶϽרͲʵˣȴʵС
ƶϽƻöʮ;ͲˣȴʵС
һ2000˿ڵĵСȴ200ĳӣûмԤۡй13˿ڣӲ2007Ǯ٣Ӷ࣬ɸѵѩϼ˪Ǯõ˾٣жǮ
ԣʾǿӵÿԴÿʮˡȴܹϰգȻ²УǸģ
кܶ˸߾ΰģ˵Ҫַʱ˵ʱҰͶ˽׼ᣬҪȫ磬ȫ࣬磬ڵĳʣǰйһأȴʱﱻȺǳţ̣ҪǵĸȴʳĶԱȣѵͲЦô
ϣûʲôȼƶµ飬һ±ܽʱʲôʸȥűˣڳʣϰԶǳԲģǵȴŰյѪǮһ滨ƵأһҪϰճԺôãھͣʮģƽƫƫ˻Ѫ˾
Ϊ,⽨,Сʲ׼壬ѧ壨˼ѧ壩ıʲôչﵽͬԣ
йߵľǿѧ塣
ʰɣȥչãʽ壬±ûнȴ質˧ôôΰ
Ϊ̫ƽȮĪΪˣȻ㲻ǣϰʳȻͬ顣
ǣھȻͬ鳯ʣȴҲΪϼ塢۹壬Գ̫ĸ棬ԼҲ岻֡
οԼҲûҪΪʵʲôֻǿ񾭼÷ĺһʱ֮䣬ڳЩпѡ
һǶԳʰյͬ飬ԽּҸ˵ǿҲ


212 ǱТ
ھųʱҵ˵ʱƵ굽ˡƵںĹģʮֺƴھ棬ڲһٺ˺󣬸оԼˣǾͻصԼķ䣬ϴˮ裬ٺúϢһ£ӦԺݳᡣ
˵ھط̷֮Ըˣȥܲһϲ
ھźˮ·׼ϴ裬ˡھüͷһֻſվһʮһ꣬ƤЩڣȴҰϢŮŮòϵȣҲܻ֮ž֮ġ
ǡ
ھһ¡
Ůĺ˵ãҽТźġ
Т
ھһ£˵Fin.k.lĳԱ
ǵģҡȽɡ
Т˵ţ߽˷䣬ҽŹϡ
ھԸеТв󶯣˵ģ
šǵģܡź㡭
Т
ǰĹ𣿡
ھʵ
šΡ
Тͷ
ھ̾һĵȦȷʵǱ
ķ⣬вԵ˼
£ھ˵ˣȻźҵġôҪϴ𡭡
š
ТӦһתԡҡ
ܿģھԡҵдˮ֪Тϴ裬ºٺЦһɿѹ·ԡ˽ȥ

ԡ֮УТϴ裬һ˿ңȻ˽ŵôг
ھТ覵İ壬鷿޳壬۵ļȵŮɧ£ԲΣƬԲΰƺ˸ŹâŮζʱǣеТС㣬̫ˣ
Тһѹھһ죬ͬʱ˿٣㲻Ҫ˼ϴ㣡
ϴʲô裿ھҪ㣡
ھʲǼɫˣТʵ̫ˣ̲סˣһǰТǽϣ̧һֻȣТȻ粻ǴŮˣվȴǵһΣɬǻϣѹļϣھһЦ󼦰ƿĻ棬ѽࡣ
ѽ
ТһУʹˣ١Ǹ̫ˣܲˣĺʹ
ھТʹ۵ͷˮðȻ壬תķʽŤƨɡ
Тоʹȴˣ֮һ˵֡顢ᡢȫÿϸʧȥŮ֮󣬴δйĿУʼŤβþѨ顣
ô̰
Тı飬˵Ľ̼ھԭʼҰʢͣҲ˲ϧ񣬽ѹǷϣһͦ
Ŷ
ʹʹТһҧأоԼֱ񱻾޴ľǿȴ˫֮䡣Т̫ϻϰߵġ
ТоھľѨس̡֮ѹȸУָоֱƺͷʼĺţ޴ľӹϣǿҵĴ̼¸һӿ
ТԾķ֣ӹӿĿоʹԼĪԼҲŻǿҵĿУܵĸе־塣ھľϵĳţʹԺ𽥾ԣһƬհ׵˼άֻܱܵĽ˵ľ
ųٶȵļӿ죬ТĿҲѸ͡
ˬม
ÿھʱТüͷĺ
ھÿһεĲ붼ʹТǰŤѩ׵ƨɡѩ׵˫ҲųĶͣ²šТķӦھ
ššมมˬˡ١졭ٿһ㡭
ھТĴŸ߾ٹͷĲ롣ٴοʼҳ壬˲ͣӹϣʹТüҪﵽ࣬ҲĪĳʵСТ۾ﲻĻðȫдĸо
ھͣТѱӲͷ͸еԵķ顣ТҪʧȥ֪ſ죬΢΢ͣķ
ˡҲˡมˬˡĸΡ㡭ɵˡš١ȥСܲס硭ҪҪйˡ
йɡҪйҸ˰
ˣھТԡһСʱТҲ֪й˼ΣھԽԽˬһТľ飬һ߹ЦТ̫ҸˣҪ㣡
š
ھĵִڲس鶯ʱТǿҳĿ£ԽԽȻ˵˵߲һźãǲʵģԽǴԽУ鶯ʱĦŻǿҲԽ󣬵ȻζҲͬ
áม١졭ٿһ㡭
ТȫھľĨӴľһһʹ̲סТȻȴˣʱھĳĿˡӾʱȺʹТѩҪڻĿУھĳ壬иӾҡ̡
มมáม졭ܲˡมáˬˬ
Т˫ֱסھı߳ĲϮТȫ֫ͬ԰սѣҪûе˳֮УоµĹͷɢˡھȻţһǿҵĸ߳ϮТһξ鵽ĸ߳ܣʱТңֻǺӦٶȸĳ塣Ȼ˿Ѩ޳ֲľΣǽסھľ
ˡมˡมˬˡ
ТҰƵɿݼ֮£ھҲڻȵҽТӹ


213fin.k.l4P1
ھТ֮󣬽ӵϣ˵ТҶıֺ⣬˵fin.k.lŮ棬ڶĶ
٣Ҳ׶
Т
ãһңɲأ
ھЦ
ʲôҪһ𡭡
ТЩΪѡ
Ǻǣˣһȥ˵ˡ
ھ˵ţóֻͨĵ绰
Ҫfin.k.lĸһھ޵ʾûκ⣬СʱǾͶ
⣬ȨĺôֻҪȨȫµŮģ
ܿģ͵ˡ
ںֻҪǸŮԱͱ˯ʵŮȻܺ죬ҲҪǱ
⣬ȦȦ
ʱɫŮھǺһЦ§ųТ˵·ˡ
ǡ
Ůûз˳ӵѹԼ·ʱ覵չھǰ
ھ۾ɴԹԣŮ˹ȻЦϴźң
Ůߵϴھ§ųĬĳ˵ˣǾͿҺĻɣ
˵ţھų۵壬ԽԽǰԼȵѹ棬Ӧǣ촽סͷһ𣬻˱ԷҺȻھ촽ƣŲӡ鷿һ·ǣһֱֺǱ˳ÿһļͣϡ
ھſѩ׵Ĵȣͷ꣬ػصŪţһ̽ѨѨ⣬˱ˮʱҲ֭ʱȪˮһӿ̧۵ķΣŤ֫ŵܵĵطȫ¶ţһ˽УޡġСѨˡޡܡܡܲˡˡŶá١졭ġ󡭡Ŷ󱦱ҡҵġСѨֹɡ
ھ˳סѱǵĴ󱦱ػЦҪҵֹ㹷һſţҡƨɰҰɡ
Ϸ֫ŵأ۵ƨҡţ١졭ҡޡҪ
Ƭſմ֭
ھһˣ
󱦱׼ⶴһ̡룬漴Сײƨɷ顱顱ʱСѨǵģھļ£ԽԽ˷ܣֿʼ˽Уɵˡԡˬˬˡ
ھ˼ºְѳ巭ѩ׵Ĵȿڼϣ̧ΣЦҪϺƳ𣿡
ŤϸھҪˡСѨˡɡ
󱦱ܿѨҵ˶ˮĽ
ޡҪˡĴ󡭡󱦱ˬˬˡ嵽ġˡŶŶܡܲˡˡҪҪййˡййˡ
ڵѨһĳ鴤йƽϢŶھ˵١ҡˡ̫ˡ
ǻõʱТ˫۾עŴϵһһھͳʼʱ˫۾ѾĿתڿˣʱǵͨ죬ھվߵߣٺЦôҪҪ۰㰡
ҡҡ١
ͨ죬֪˵ʲôã
֪ʲôһģ磬ТǺúÿô
˵ţھסĺ촽ʱԣھĿУھסˣͬһǺҧ¸߸ߵգ¹ˮһ͸ɴкڣλɫŮԡڵƹ£ԽԵĶˡھ绨壬ѩϸļ
ӷۣھͷҧѹסһֻͦأھĿСھظСһ·˵һֿ۵Ĵȣ˵ھǰëرŨܣһƬһֱӳΧеʮ룬޼ƵġƬ΢΢ֿ¶ɫѨ⣬Լɼһָͷ٣ֻһζȫ̶ѣŤŷ۵ƨɣѨʪʪҺ
Ŷ١áҺܡߡҪͣСѨ
ھͷ򣬽ͷⶴ˱ŰҺھŪ£ǣܲѣˮСϪŪھ춼ǣ١ߡܲˡСѨˡŶá󱦱ҡֹŶ
ֱ۱ס濪Ĵȣ˵Ѩȫ¶ھֹͣװĴ󱦱׼ʪܵⶴ̡һֱףģʱеһǿҵĿֱԡھ˫ִཿ۵壬ڶƨͲ塣о˶ıس̣һĿдӹӿĴһƬհסʹⴽͦΡ
ˬŶ١Ĵ󱦱Ѩˡ硭ᡭѨѨˬޡ
ˮСһţ˳Źɹϣ߶ѩ׵ƨɣŤ֫ȫСھۼ̬ٳٳ塣
桭ߡŶұˡ
ŶѨҪ١Ĵ󱦱ޡ١ɡáСѨҲˡҪˡˡ
һɹ̵ӹھĴͷϣڲסĳ鴤ھԲֹͣɧѨͻһֱġǰθ߳δƽϢһн糱ˮ㽫û
ˡСѨˡǡˡޡ
֫ΣϿֵĶ㣬Ȼ̱ڴϡ


214fin.k.l4P2
ھЦվߵߣŴʱ˫磬һЦȻ塣
ֻò񻰣һӯӯһա޹ǵϸԲΡƽĽСܵëһ˫ѩźۺһ˫ѩ׽޳סɵľɫ̣һһȻĶǸȳơϣ縡͹ðĵط͹ĵط͹ʫϰ崿λðصԼھΪ֮
ʱھָ߸ߵľٹͷڳһƣǱøӵޱȡˡ
ھסԲ磬ѩ֮䣬ĴзһǯסůۻͨǴض԰ɭϡ
µܰذΧţھ|ƿʵظ½Ľ塣
˫һֻӨһںϸԲı˱ҷζھ᲻뿪
ȫݏ鴤֫һ羧ӨĿϣ|ʽӵĴڲͣƷϸ彿۵׼
۵ļҸ¡˫顢СȡСȡϣھҺ
һְھȲؽ޳ѩ׵ĴΪ԰ȵſ׵ر¶ھǰ
Ŀӥ׼ȷԴϣǿ༸ҪӺ
Ƕôıذѩ׹⻬ĴȻϴشһ԰ʤϸĳëߵظԲ¡ϸİ֮ϣһۺɫŽػڰѨڣͬһ˫۵İĶ˾ϸԲĿı顣ŵĸγһǳǳɽмƺӦһϪһֱϿ֮е֡
˿̣ɽȻû峺Ȫˮǹϸ۵ǷۺۺķɫȻôھĿ⣬ͷ֮⣬ֺͷѾһһµˡ
١ҪҪ
һһ૵ھ
֮Ѿˮġھֿȣһͦ
һˡޜDĶ˽䣬ɬֵظеСۺھ˶쳣ȫռھĴƹض룬˵ڡ
˻ֹɢĳʵ͸ʹľɫϲһĨ˵̺죬˵ǷĽޣھɷ˵ĴҰУɫ˫˻޳鲻Խ޴ССۺڵ类Ǿ޴ޱȵ͵䣬ü壬һֲʹõĽ
ھһֻס˻ӯӯϸһֻס磬óһֻѱСһԼ
ּذ٣󡭡㡭š˲Ҫҡܲˡ
֪һǧĵŮDֻھ
ֻھĳͣβͣɸӭϣžžײСŰ֮ڶĵĻھӵĿ񱩡ģھܶĿҳۣ缸񣬿вͣĽţð١Ŷԡ̫ˡ֡ˡˡҲˡ
ͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵С
Ů˾ĽţԼԹ˰Сʱܲסǹɾֻ߳ͻȻһ٣ȫ̧ͷе"١ˡ
ɲʱһתȫסĳ鴤ھֻТСۺһǿתļвſеھʣæĵסѨⲻͣĥתת纹ëֱ·˾⣬һļУ̵ĺӿ̵ھסھһѽƵѹƴس鶯̴ִڽϳ͡
ڣھ˸߷壬
Ĵһһͦסھһɹ̵Ũһβʣȫʱ̯һࡣ


215fin.k.l4P3
ھЦվߵТߣ΢ЦôТҲòã
ʱТеҡҡҪãҾ͸㣡
ھ˵ţТڴϣ̧ТҲſڴϣԲθ߸ھӹ⻬ǣһֱǵΰĹɹھմİҺھհද˼£Сľջһ΢΢ſһСԲףʳָû붴̽Ե˼£Тţš㡭١
ھ鶯ָ⣬ТŬ˵ԲΣ¶һ˿ʹı顣ָڵմʪջʢľհУָͷھհڽТɹΡھ˫ס۵ͷⶥιľջϡ
šܡ
ТǰŤԲĴƨɡھķӦ뾫µľհѡΪѽ
ʲôΪİÿһطġ
ھ΢΢̧ͷЦЦ
١
Тͨ죬ҧ´תף
ھָǳǳհȦһתޡТ˵ڴϡھָհͬʱתĽ̽ͷ˱ҡŵġТ壬̼üнָһζ
ھ§סϸТ񾱣ḧۻĻꡣТ˷ܵŬѩ׵Բεȴ룬СǣŴľհꡣȵηУھʹǰͦſ裬ͷȺϣһ㶥ТʹʹץסСȴţȰ¡ȥɣ
пŲ˼Σͷȥоǰδе档հڵ⻷ƶŴһֱ룬⻷ҲŴĸˡ

Тͷţ϶ŵ㺹¡ھĴխȵĺͥڷͣʹˣȡ֮ӿТeʹ𽥱ɡߺ󡱵ĺ߽УھѾŷ۵ԲμӿٶȣТ΢ĿſС조ðˡͿҰ̫ǿѽ
ĽģüëԹ͸һ˿˷ܡáܣǡˡ΢С죬üͷšһţϵıֲʹ໹ǿ֡
ھͷԼȥ˱̴ĽҺֻཻܷƺߡʪҲײážž˫ִַסϸǰͦκ̣Тưĺ˳Źѩ׵ĺкֱεķʰԲδŷֳɺüɢ£մҺĴֿѩ׵ΰСнڳճװҺ˳΢¡
ТȻŤƨɣھٱǰ࣬ھĶ̫죬ڵ˱ٽ㡣
ھʶĽסͷĲپͷ̵ҡ

ТƨҲµرü֮һչػ£΢΢ŵķԲϣ׵޷պϣſԲʰС׵ҽӾe
ھһЦ˵Тϲˣ磬ǶȲ㣨˵ʱԱŮüͷңҪٸһ꣡
˵ţھתТͷסТ飬أָʱŪͷ
ม
Тԣ˫棬ȴ̲ס˳
ھֿʼһƣѰТȹͷȹڿһȥТϵŢ̌˫ȥ޳ѩ׵˫ʪĺɭֶʱһš
ھһѽТϣТ֮䣬˫ֲ΢СָŪ·мһǺС˾ʹТȫض˼СѨڳһЩůˮھҲ飬ſͣТСͷŪСˣŪТ˵ֱߣˮһй˳
ھһֻÿµļʵ͵ʮܣæ¿ӣһӲֱТ
Тһھľ̲ס١㡭㡭ҡܲסղסС
ھТһ£ȻҪȸҴ
ТʱŴҩҩԻڲУ˵ˣҡҡͷھɲЩ͵ТߣסТͷТȻðӲͷТ˫֮صɨͼٶȿТŵ촽
أТȵ˫ڸܵھӲȵͷĴ̼ǽյ˫ʼ΢΢ɰƵţǴûгԹԵĴ̼ɣܿͰТˣھһ𽥿Т˫ֱھȫǱ˽ȥ;ТͼȴǱھεضסТͷۿھȫ˽ȥʱھԺֻһ̾Ǿǣ죬ǰװۻŵТڸԼڽ


216 fin.k.l4P4
ھТĿس鶯ŲţТоھЩɣæ̧һָֻסھ߸ʹھȫ롣ͬʱТҲִûгԹķʽصÿھͦβ̵ʱТĺﶼ̼Ҳھĳ鶯ļƤһֻҲ̧סھߣھ鶯ͬʱҲͣذھǰߣĦš
ھһֱֱТͷţһֱТĶߺ촽ظŪţͬʱصͦβТس鶯һϥصТϣص춯ŶТĶشֱ̼ھ͵͵صͷТѾĳɺˣ֪ҲЩȲصȺԼСܵܵĸϲ¥
ھТ鶯˼ʮ£˳ʱТ鵴ֻСѨһȻſѩ׵Ĵȣھ¶ʪ˵ھһַѵߣͷĥĥһͦһӾͽһ롣
١
Т
ССТˡ
ھʼ
ТʱоһԵĿдƺЩв㣬Ҫھ١㡭㶯һˡ˼Һš
ھһ֪ТѾģæһǰһʹڶźǰλ˵ء
ǡ١󼦰ٸ硭ТСѨļͶá顭ˡ硭졭㶯ТҪ㡭
ТϸСţھдּ֣ТЩݺ˽ߣھ˷ܡ
ھסһֻͷнƨسТСѨʹСѨˮйһйͣѴҲʪһƬТʱţššáι͸ˡࡡ졭ܲˡࡡ˼ҡˡ
ھТسͣ󼦰һֱףТû˽ţáѽࡡ׸硭㡭ɵáТˬˡ
ТĽ㺹죬ǶҪˡ
ھһ뻻һѽТ˫ַТβһ̧Ȼ˫һɣһĿТڷ˷ܡТһ鴤ָֻرסھ󱳣һ¶ھ͵ɣ˵ֱߣ󼦡͡źߡˡࡡมมҪҡס١ɡѽáมġ顭ˡ֡ˡˡ˼ҡ֡Ҫˡ
߰£ھǿ׳֮ˣ˫ҲЩԲТϢֻТţɷ
һھТתĽҪ֫ϣТ˳ĸ߸Ƿ˶ԲΣϸС챩¶ţѨʪܵˮʹžӨ⡣
Тͷ״ھߵ١⡭öมϡá
ھѾТʪ
ȻТ
һü΢塢ץԭھ˫ַϣ°һͦӲļʹκһٽТʪ
ھſТѩ׹⻬ıϣ°ܵسż͡ТŵǰŤӭţͣǰڶʹŷǰζⷬϡֱȸոҪࡣ
มˬ˼ˡѨ״硭ɷ򡭡ТúӴมม
Тޱȼٽţ١ܲѽ͵ļ͡ˡˬ졭Ҫˡ
Т⻬ѩ׵ǰҡڣɵѾǺھԼļͳƵƵģʮֵ⣬͸ĳ̣Ĵ̼һТ߳
áˬѽ󼦰͡١СѨˡø硭ҵϵۡТġ󼦰͡ˡѽáˬˡԡԺ󡭡ҪТҪҪม
Т顢ѨƬϸż͵ĳ泩СѨȺˮй̵ھͷһ⣬΢ŵڴ¶΢Ц
ھܵТСѨ˱żͣҲѳֲסˣеТҡҪȥ
ھȫһһɣ̵һעТСѨТֻõѨһǿ룬Ĵһ̱ڴϡ
ھŴϱԼƽŮϲعЦ


217 Ȩ
ʱ֮ڡ
ھһ˰ƽfin.k.lгԱ֮ʮֵ㣬ϴ֮󣬶ŴϵŮ˵ĸǵľ͹˾Լɣ
ʲô
˳һ
ھ˵ҶĽõıֺϲǸ˾ԼΥԼǩԼҵӢʹ˾ǡңպǾҵŮ˰ɣ
ǡҵǻᱻɱ
Т˵
ʲôأұ֤ǲ¶ģôԸԸҵŮ˰
ھ΢Ц
Ȼû
Ůνĸ˲ǸھǮòûɶãҲʹӦˡ
Fin.k.lĸŮ˻ԼҪ죬ھȥǰ͹˾飬ھ׼ԺԼںݳᣬţھȴǽӵλ־ֳĵ绰
ιүң
˵
ԭǽֳ¶𣿡
ʱѾϰ˵ˣھҲû뵽żһĽֳԼ绰
٣ҺͼλȦĵںҹܻиۻᣬ˵Ѷŵܲ棬֪ܷ
ҹܻᰡǸʵҺۡ
ô˵٣ҵǺļλŮԱҲ
ٺЦż˶ֵܹķ
һŮھסˣ˵Ǻðɣһᾡġ
Сʱھųӣ˺ҹܻᡣ
ںʱᣬϲģȻ񻹱ȲձôݻΪ׶׶ҹܻᣬҲǲͬġ
ҹܻſװεʮֻɫ޺˸ţ˸оһӻȴվڴſӭӿ˵ĶһɫŮɣھ⼸¶¶ȵŮ뺫ŮҲ㲻
ſڣھɵؾͿ˵ĽæǰǺһЦ˵ô˼ýֳȰ
һھһʼûϳΪھīñӣھһȻ֪ˣ¸æ˵ȻҪӭӵġ٣Ҹܼλѡ
˵ţָ߸ŵװ˵ֹ˾HINGE Entertainment˾ϰȨƲţλSBS̨ĸ߲־
ǺǣȨǺá
ھ΢Цź֡
Ǻǣá
˵Ĵˣ
λȦкǺЦ
˺ˣұվ˵ˣȥɡ
ǺЦ
߽ҹܻᣬҹܻռʮֹھ·˲ĻŮɣǼھ˶Ǵۡ
ĸϵݣ¥˵٣¥ֻдݵ˲ﵫһˮƣ¾ҪǧԪңԲһġ
Ǻǣô˵ҽˣ
ھЦ
ʲôҰĴĹ
ȨƲƨ
˵䣬¥һȥھʱһ¡
ֻĵƹʮԽɫʯ̳ɵĵϸ컨幹ɵһʹÿʮ׾վߵɫȻᣬĻŮվţЩŮ䲻˵ɣԶõóֵŮʱһһŵվţŶʮۡ
ʱھһŵŮвʱݳ޹Ȼûĵطֱ˼ðֻҪ磬ʲôܵģٺ٣ȨǺã
ʵǰܶŮڿʱ򣬶ܲףΪʲôӾŮôãЩʵۡȴΪȨǣ˸Ů˵ʵֺõְҵȨãʵˡ
ʵֻΪЩŮ˲֪ȨܴǿҿУ
ȨŲٿأκˣŮףԸݵˣԸݵˣݵˣԶֻӣûκε˵Ȩֻˣܾһӵˣ
ȨǴһܷ˵Ψһߣ
ȨԵõҪһУǽǮŮˣûȨЩԶ㣡
ʱ壬ǮߣΪǮȨ
ǮΪȨ
˿̵ھ·ˣȨľ޴ô
ԼȨƿߣȨң
дһҪЩԲеӾ˵ʲôΪ˰ȨҶֽɫһްģ磬ȨİˣûȨʲôʸ˵


218 ϲ
ȨƲź־ھһķڣĲ÷ǳСưɣԡңңȻһСͱ
ĺŮѾ
ھ⼸ŮǣȻݵģǸǽ绨ˣмǸŮһŮζھһ֮¾ģָǸŮʵ֪λСǣ
ȨƲһǺһЦ˵λǽϲС㣬23꣬HINGE Entertainment˾ͷƣкһŮ֮ư
ǺǣҽܹһŮҲǲˣ
ھЦ
ĸɳϣȨƲŶԽϲϲƣȥ
õġ
ϲƴӦһȥھߡ
Ȼ󣬽ùһƿƣ˵٣
ھ˿ǺһЦ˵ʿɣǸ߼ģҺϲ
ȨƲЦȻϲٿҪȰλŮѣλٲǴǣҲǴҪǰźˣǶǵҵǿкܴĺô
ǰŮˣϲƴʱ۾һϲƱһƣ˵٣Ⱦ㡭
ھ΢Цŵƣ˵
˾֮󣬽ϲƽεεؿھĻھҲܲ§סŮۼھϲϲƣʮֲۣϧھʱͶԽϲһŮȤʲôҲ
ȨƲš־Ҳһ߸ھȾƣһһЩѶΡúַĻھҲܸǵĸ˵ˣҲǵǳ
ܿ죬ھҲЩȸˣ˵ˣλҲںˡϢˣסС𣿡
һϲһϲ¶˶ɫȨƲ˵ϲƣˣҪúչٰ
֪ˣȨܡ
ϲһЦ˵ͷ
ȨƲ˴Ů뿪ˣھЦһѱϲƵӣͳȥ
ϲƱϣھذǹ·ʱһ˷毺ӱ¶ھǰֻǰҫ۵ѩУϲǶԷӯͦԲݏŭŵĻ䣬ѩ׷罿ٰģһԽС硢Өɰͷӡߴھͦš
ھɿѹ·ָĵһ۵ͷҡҷˣıӲͦһΡĶ˵Ļߴڴھֻ˵ϷͷΧһȦâĺΣ̺ΪϲһƬ˵ɺ졣
ʵ̫ˣ
ھĴָʳָϲƿɰͷȻӵͷ캬סһͷ˱ţŪţⲻʱתϲƵھĸŪ½øӲˡ

ؿڴýϲ̲סĹȻӿİҺ˫̽һץסھȼľӲô̰֡
ϲ̾AƬʹŷЩľҲûٵĴִΪ˵ȴ˵ļƷ
ϲ൱ϲŪھľܴϴС
ʱĽϲѾ룬˽ˮȪӿ֫ŤһͣİĹȻ԰ھĿƹֻץסھľĽе٣ҪҪɣɣ
ǰϷȻϲȫУھڴϣ˫ϲƵ˫ȣһ̡ͦһֱֱĲСĻУкģһ˵סǸ˳ǸھľĻԵһֱˬˡ

ϲƸܵĻıһ̴Ӳ͵Ķţˬĸо̲סļȻͿʼŤƨɣǰʶҡ°ڶ֫Ҫ糵һƺҪھľ׵̵һ
ʱھľ׼ϲƵĻһӲ˽ȥȫû뵽ףϲơĴһھһΪϲƱʹˣȴû뵽ϲƾȻŤ֫˷ܵĿ
š
ھ˫ַסϲƵĴȣ֫ͦ䣬ǳһľоʹ˳±ѽϲƸðҲ˫鲻ԽĸԼ˫飬꣬һҪŬĳ嶯
ھӣͷ˽ϲƵСץס˱

ϲƵĺ߽ԽԽҲԽ룬ʱϲͻȻһ˫þȫļнھͬʱŤھҲǵøʵھͷһ
ãֱϲƿвգھ³࣬ɿ̴ںһȻһ·ȥǹԲ°ֱͣͦ񾱣һ·£ǹѩۻظȻٴҧסһС硢ӲͦĿɰͷ

޵ĽϲһⰻȻĽ䣬еͷϴ쳣Ĵ̼СȻſ³˻ǵΰѵĽϲҲԼתΪ糺̸ߺһƬ
ھͷסϲһӲͦĿɰͷ˱ھһֻסϲһŭŰʡΡΡ飬ָסͬѪ̺ɰĽСͷһͬʱľϧļӸͽ
ھϲӣҰͷŽϲԴĻתĥһĸоֱӿϽϲƵĴԣŤ۹⻬Ը壬䶯Żڣһ˳𽥽ϲеĵ߷壬ԸӣҺԴȪˮһӿ
ھʱˣǸıԣĵͺһھȫ֮һɰҺӾµ䡣ȻھͦƨɣصĲ˽ϲƵԴУžĿͲ壬ÿһ¶ÿһ¶ֱֻģ޴ĳѽϲƸɵ˽вѣ˫ֱҲͬһ˷ĳ壬Ѿȫ԰Ŀ֮ˡ
ϲƿʼھʲôܵĿҽ񴭣ʺϢС켱ٵĺţһǿ˱ھľֱݶŶáҡ͡มม
ھĽϲƣױȵĿ£ȫʧȥǡ
ھȼӲľڽϲƵѨϴȫڽϲѩҫ۵Ĩ˲ϼۺ졢ۺģ൱ÿ
ϲƵӲĲǰͦʵ鷿粨ΰԾû˲ӿ鲨㺹ꡢӿİҺĻꡢڱߵĽдһжϳɼھ񳱵Ĵ߻
ม١
ʱϲƿи֪˵ʲôֻıͻȻŤʪ͸Ļڼٵͦʮº󣬾ͽĶסھľнţมҪҪ١ȫˡҪˡҪˡ
ϲƲھ㲻ͣĶţʱھͷĻĽĵһ𣬸оڲදھͷ죬ͻȻĻһܵýӲһŨ̵Ļھͷϡ
ϲڴﵽ԰ļ£˼߷塣


219 鱻ˣ)
ھ˽ϲ֮󣬽˵ĺŮڻЦôϲƣ治
š٣
ϲһЦ˼Ҵûô
ǰ˶ɣ
ھһЦ
š˼Һϲ㰡
ǺǣҲϲ㡭ôԸԸԺֻһհ
ھЦ
Ҫң
ϲգգ˵
ǵȻһŮҿ᲻÷֡
ھһ½ϲƣ˵Ը𣿡
Ը⡭˼ҵȻԸˡ
ϲƽεε˵˼ҿǺϲٵġ
񻰡
ھЦ
SM˾
ھʱSM˾ȻɹԼ˼άд
ѽܣպҾˣ
΢ЦŶܾϹ
ھ㣬΢Цڸңǹ˾ûʲôǩԼŮǣҽһںҪŮˣ
ӦһЦȥţ
˵ţϽ˳ȥһһСŮ˽
ܣλǹ˾ǩԼˣ飡
Ц
飿ھ룬ԭ
ǰĺȦҲһĸڽս߹ģرŮĽټĸСܵõĽСᵯ١ӸпʼһֱųΪһԱ
1999ѧ꼶ʱͬϵǰŽ飬μѡӰݵһڴϳϵĻ˽𽱣Ӵ˿ʼġСĵӰξʵˡת򳪸裬ڸ質ҲȡһĳɼͨƷҲ𽥵ʶùʶģҪаݵġ¡˺ǲϵŬȥȻŮǿˡ20Ůȶ̵ӡ
ʾֻҪǺӰƬҲں﷢չȻϷҡģSARSӺ΢¯ӰϷڡ갢⽨չһʦȻϰҺýѧģʺﲻ⣬ΨһЦǣ鳣NGݳǰݺʦȻԡѧ⽨˵ҵʦѧѧʦλ⽨Цߵʦ
ʱĽŸոռSM˾ںȦķҲֻܱͣһ˸պþھ
ܿģھŽص˾Ƶ꣬Լķ
䣬ھŹϣЩߺھ
ھٺһЦһѽ鰴ڴϣȻɿѹ·ֱֻ̫ˣΣϸںڷ۵ɧ´ʱǰˣھʱǣе˽ˣҪô󼦰ͼСѨˣ
˴ֱɵĻһ죬ھ塣˳ëĿ䣬Ϻɫ˶׳Ĺͷ˻ð͸Һ
һ۴Ӵ־ǳʮ־˵黹ǴŮһûйˣʱһĴȻһɲǼ䣬ʪˡ
ھٺһЦڽʪܵػŪ£ԲС׻롣ѨΧǱͷһݣͽܵĲֵĳ׳䡣
ม
ȻѾʪ󣬵ǽѨִʱԷǿѹȸУʹýüһ޷Ƶʹ³㴽ƬƬ
ýСѨǴŮ
ŮǻյܵĲƣҺȵھԵ̾ͬʱҪøһͦ
ʹʹʶս˫ȣĦĿ˻Ŀ嵹
ȻҺ󣬵ŮѨܵչ£ھˬͣȴҲ뻨ĵͼܵ谭ס֫ĻԳˣٳ롣

ûܹΰϮĽҪ˫ȣܳܵס˵һѾԸеʹ֮࣬ᵽһǰδеĳʵ
иַĳ̶𽥼ֳʵоУֱھһŭУסһ죬ͬʱƨǰһִͦͻĽȻȫʪ妵Ѩ
ء
Ķͷϸ΢ĺ߳һɶֹӽ㴽³֪ΪѵʹΪѨи䱥֣ڽķŵľǾ


220 鱻ˣ)
ҲˡѾܳռˡ
ü£Ѿպϵ۽޻մǵ飬Ⱦķ¶İԹǿҵȻھȴδʹ㣬׳ȫѹڽ۵ϣ˫ְס㻬ϸأͬʱſŮ㴽һ˱
ޡģҵĴ󼦰ѾȫСѨˡýʪ
ھҰ͵ռһеʹһȴָһ΢顣
壬ļɣһдھ޿ɱܡ
ھʼĶͷһһµѨǰоʹʧŮ屻͵и𽥼ܵԸС
ΪŽɵţ˫ץסͬʱʼҷϢ΢̺㴽䲻³۵鷿Ƶİ´ȵš
ë¸Ƶײ¶ɫʹ˿´һžžӡ֤˽ŵȻ࣬ĳֶǵζԣڽϵģֻŨĿƣ̺Ľߡ
˴ֳħڶ𣺡С˶Сʼ˵ˡСΪʲôǲ
˵ţھס˽ĺ촽
޴ӿܵ״̬£ֻǱֿܵϮȴھס˵ͷܵؾһڸҺ̰ʳͬʱҲòǻǵĿˮ
ǵĹУѨ׺ݳ壬ڳŮڽγֵĲˣ۵ʼܵز֭ļȶ˳ŷش硣
˵ζΧټɵĺѣʹý۾ڽϢĺڰУϸ¸ܵиĳʵùѨڵɧͷײھŨܵĳë۵ķʴһ˿׵֪
ܵܵԸϮһһȴָֻľŴ޳˫ȼţԲƨȴƵӰҡһҶԾƣ֪Ϊ˽иɵʹҪнŮĵá
оӭϣھδؽ˼ǣ̧ͷڴŴһߵ̬߹Ľ³ֳ̬

δ˼ҵ԰ʱĮɱѵȻ޴棬ڵõռĽ齫ŵĴϢһ³Ȼյۺü͸ſƣĴǺͳȴһӣɢҵĺڷʪѩ׵Ķͷһֽķ顣
һֱĸĽƽϰ߱ӱ谮ϵӢҰҵռպͳ֮⣬ָеһֱС
Ĳٸھаõ㣬ָоڽѨиϵֿʼһܵؽʶҵĿһҼ塣

ھҲоеۣ˵ŮСѨǽĿԣԼʱ˷ʮѪѹһɻȵⵯʮ㣬·ֻҪһɣԼļ;ͻᱻѹȥˬĿ԰ԼĶӺͽķѩδʱһŮСѨǸо治ݵġھӿʼس鶯üͿʼٸ
ھʼ˼ҵس壬ʱʹѾȥھʼ壬͵ʱоУʼ˽ŶŶá˼֣šǸš֡óʵôô°ŶŶŶܡ˼Һš
ʱ򳹵׵˸ղŵĲԸھһδεس鶯ٸɣסֲʱĴѩ⣬Լ絯ƵĶˣؼͽǿ˵Ů鷿ʱײһһѩڻζǲޡ
ھĴŽƨɣ˵ĻԲҲǻζѣܵѨھĴˮ֭ڲϵʳŪĴһƬʪھҲԽɵ𾢶ǡۡؽг
šѽѽܡšô׳ȥˣŶˣŶŶܡҺϲšҺϲܡðҰ㡭˼ҺҪˡ塭˼Ҫˡ
ھһ˺üǧ£žžؼײڷв𣬽ʱȫʧȥǣֻھϳ۳ңԼҲйֲѡ
ҰްһͣھŨľҺкڽصѨޡ
лɽһǿעڽԸеĸֵ߳Ĳ;ĺڰУҵ
ڽԺھ̱һߣϢȻ㡣


221 󳤽񡱱ˣϣ
Ժ󣬺SM˾Ѷ˾ںһƪţʾպͨ⣬ῪһϷС󳤽ΪҪںѡǣʱúεŮ궼Ϊ֮񡣡
ӢδĺȦ˵ǴϵŮǣǴʱֻһСԱ󳤽ȴͨ棬ҪŮǡ
ӢȻʮֿģܿģӢҲ֪ҪõŮǵλã븶ۣԼ塣
ӢΪ˺ܾãջǾϾ󳤽ľ籾۹Ϊܺ죬ֻҪܺ죬Լɶܸģ
ʱžƵ귿ſڣ˵ӢһҪñ֪ݴ󳤽˶úܣ㲻סᣬһڵġ
ţŽ㣬֪ġ
Ӣ˵ͷ˽ȥ
棬Ӣ̼Ҫˡִھ
ھʱ˯£վԼǰӢ⣬ͬʱҲŮûʲô飬ˡ
ź󹬵Ů˲࣬ھȫռһŮ˵һҲûȤһҹͳѡĿꡣ
СãҺܸ˽ܸͬһҹ
ھЦǰ§סӢ˵
šܣҺܸź㡭
ӢǿЦ
ھһЦҲϻͳȥ
ӢѹڴϣھʹסӢС촽ԼĴʱ乥ӢݣӢĿǻڣʱĴַ
ʱӢҲѾӷȡˡ
ھӢ촽һ֮Ȼ̧ͷӢȻһȻǺڣ޴Dֱľʱð˳ԲһĴ̴̼ھ񾭣пǰӢ鷿벻Ӣģ
£ھһӢ飬һ߽ͷյӢߣЦʵңӢΧǶ١
šš˼Ҳ˵ˡ
ӢʱھŪľʱҲǿҵӢʱֻƺȻ֮һܵһ̼壬ǲܣʮ
˵Ǻã
ھ΢ЦŽأʱӢ͸оǹĸоʧ󾪣ʶؽе𣬡𡭡˼ҡ˼˵˼ҡ˼34Dˡ
Ŷ34Dǿǲ
ھٺЦ
ţھҲ̰ѵѵȻٴΰӢӵŽǡӢ鷿ѹھţȫȫĸܵӢǣĵջġھǵǣԽԽңھ֣ʼӢ鷿ϸţͷѾǳӲˡھ־ʹӢԲִƨɣھѹţӢھѾӲ塣
Ӣѩ׵˫֣ھӲ˵ڰھҲӢȹĤӢĶѨԭӢСѨѾʪ͸ˡ
ھӢСѨţӢʱطöھָĲӢСѨʱӢͻȻѽһƷǳ
ھ֮󣬸˵İָ룬ż򵥵ǳǳĶȻĽָӢʪСѨĶӢҲʶ˹ȥھæ⿪ӣ¶޴ӢʶؽĴھ
֪䣬Ӣڿ㱻ھȥڵϣھҲѹ·Ҳȫ˷ܵԷҪλ
Ӣı۾ţš
ȻӢȻھƵߣȻҡ̲סˣܣ˼Ұ㡭°ɡ
ھһ㶣ʶ
ӢھĿ䣬ȻھŽڡ
ھʱˣʵ벻ǸŵӢȻ̫þǲһ㣬ھҲܵӢĿˮԼľԼʮ
һΪھôʱˣڰӢӢھĴȣӢסھȻԼھĹͷʼʱӢſڣѽ
һӢͣǣӢȻſڣûаڣֻı۾ſ˿ڡ
Ӣֻ˺ٺٱͣھӢԼߣ˫־͸ӢıӢԷһ㡣ʱھоʵֻвԼĹͷоѾܺãΪӢСѨĺСİھĹͷ
ӢֻͣӢӽ۾ġھſ˿ڣӢȻ˵ͷٴλšھ֣ƹӢıϷӢ߼粲
ͻȻ䣬ھӢӢȫȫ£ھȫزӢСѨͻȻĶӢĽ˳
ھø
ʱھʼذԼ΢΢ͦӢҲʼŤ壬ھԼСѨӢҲʼĽšѽ
ӢСѨļʵھھòˡ


222 󳤽񡱱ˣ£
СѨҵİţʮҺϲСѨء
ھһܣһߺٺЦܻѡ˼Ū֣˵Щ
ӢĶʼӿھҲϵİ϶ÿһζҪӢĻо
˵ģСѨܽܰأҺϲء
š࡭ѽ
ھ˺϶һ£ٰӢʣĲţ
Ӣش˵࡭ѽ
ھһ϶Ӣšˡ࡭ˣĺܡھĵӢǺ𣿡
š桭ѽϲ𣿡
ϲѽĺܡšӢϵĽţţھǵĶҲԽԽҡ
ӢСѨĺʪѵﷺĵĵزھʼоӢˮѪˮ˳ھʼھĴϣӢġšѽǺˡ
̫̼ˣھǰŮӢ
ھϵİھͦӢͣ˫ߣµھ
ھͷӢģ鷿ϣÿӢķۺͷӢҲʼĽ
ӢĶԽԽ죬ͻȻ䣬Ӣĳ̾šѽ
ӢְھĲӽıţͬʱھҲоӢСѨԼһһģھ֪Ӣ˸߳
߳ӢıھھȻӲĲӢӢոո߳Һ˱ھսģĴھĴϡ
谮ӢĴھĸӢıϲ𣿡
šܡϲ㡱ھǻӵԷŶԷĸо
һᣬھӢҪ𣿡
Ӣûлشֻھ
ӢشھȻŹᣬúõİӢһθ߳
ھǵӵǣһֲֻϵӢıһֲֻͣظӢ鷿
һᣬھֹͣˣΪôʱˣİӢƿӢվȻԼڴھʹھԴϿӢ˵壬Ҳھ˫ٴνӢ˫飬Ӣʱš
֮ھذӢһֻ̧ߣӢ˽⵽ھʲôԹԵİһֻ̧ߣھҲؿӢƨɡ
ʱھھǼӲȵ׼ӢСѨĶӢţȻھĹͷӢĺʪܻھ㲻ĽǰƽֱӢĻоӢٴſڡ
һ
ھ˫ֲסӢزͣŪӢ鷿ȻھӢСѨƶӢٴϰھĴ
ھİ˫ִ˫ӢƨϣȻڰߵλãӢúھ
ӢƨɣֻԲֵֵġ
ʱھ˫ץסӢ˫֣ʮָգھˣֱȻĲ嵽סӢܴĽšม
Ȼھ㿪ʼĳ
šม
ӢҲʼͣؽš
มޡšѽ
ӢĽԽԽŴ󣬺ҲԽԽ
ӢĴĵ˽Уھ㿪ʼӿٶȣʼĳӢ
ھ֣ٴץסӢ˵زʼֱ꣬ӢҵǴСָٵְĦʱָʳָסصĲӢ̼ܲȻھ˵桭Ҫͣһ㡭ѽӢھȫͿԲ嵽Ӣĵط
ھԽӢҡøӢ֣׽ŴھĴӢ˫塣
һھſӢϣ˫ֽرӢӢľ飬ͬʱҲӢҵʪȻӢСѨظĶ
ӢƨɸھײӢʪ͸˵СѨھĥˮټӢ䷿ÿһ䡣
ӢԽԽȣŤķҲԽԽˣھҲԽԽھʼĸеĸоˣָоԽԽǿʹھļӿ˽࣬ھԼҲƲģԽԽ졣
ڣӢĺúü٣ھӢ壻˫뿪ӢıӢļ粲ϣʹھԸĶӢ
ͻȻ䣬ӢٴνӲˣоӢСѨʼнھĸоҲﵽߵˣ̲סھӢĵײѽ
һ󺰣ѾҺӢĻо䣡
Ӣˣ﷢泩
ھҲоӢСѨӢҲй
ھӢϣıӢھǱƣ֪˶ãֱھ˳뿪Ӣ塣
ھľҺӢˮѪҺӢСѨӢĴϺʹϣһܶģһƬࡣ
ھֽĨȻڴϣضţþò
ԺӢʽΪ˴󳤽ݡ


223 ȫͱƴϣ
ڶ磬ھӵ˽ϲƵһ绰ԭϲѾھίΪѰŮĸˣÿҵһŮϲƿԻʮԪĽ൱һڶԪԪװģи½СģأǸŮûȤ
ϲЦ
ŮСģأʲôʱģؽ磿
ھܳԾ
ǰ
ǰ
ܹģؽάĴŮװάģؽǴŮ
ǰΪ˯Ա˾أԲˣΣպңž㡭
ϲЦ
ԭˣʲô֡ھʵ
ȫͣ
ϲ΢Ц
ʲôȫͣ
ھһ£ĵԭǸδݡҵҰŮѡŮǰ
Ǻðɣɡ
ھЦ
ҹȫͳھǰ
Ը𣿡
ھԽԽ⣬΢ЦŶȫ˵
š
ȫ˵ͷҲΣһʼģؽʱܾǱ˱ѩأԴûУڼֲסǰ˯
ھǴŮǿҪղú
ʱھԵ˵ҷȥһ
ţˣϰ塭
Ӧһת¥
ʱڣھȫͰŪǡ
ȫ͵ԺʼѣˣֻݷԶȥʣռԼˣϵĿֺҸԴԴϵͽ̵Ľ
ܡ˰
ھһţһҲУ´ԲʵԵΰϾ٣⻬ϸа㴥еա񾱡˫絽ʱʱŤ強ѹĦ˫壬ѼӲ߾ٵӦʱĦƽ̹СͷԲĴڲࡣھ·£ȫȫŤڴԹذһۣϾҺͷ˵ı顣
ŻɫߺľɫУھЦЦĸӵ˫ַסȫԵļۣȻͷ̽ͷ崿ŵСĽӽȻſͺסֺ촽ѪĴͷԷӣС﹥ȥ
оھ촽סԼĴ꣬ȫʶĽҧݣھͷ棬еʹߺСӵͨ졭
ȫͰŽĹˣھûмŹЦһ£Ȼͷͣѩ׵ıͬʱȫϵֻҲʼж
ھŪ£ȫ͵ĺļ崿ŵСϽֳһ˿Σյıھͷˡ
뵽ȫ͵ھûмȥѰҶĶС࣬ȫ߽۵ıصǣͬʱֻֿʼȫϵİɫ¡
ھᱡȫ͵ȻоˣмȺߣڴ˫ȥԼϵ·İͷԼǣֻѩ۵ֱ۽§סھĲӣʹ˵ӵһ𡭡
һȫͿǻڣھͷʼѰۺС࣬ڿǻҵۺ࣬漴ͣǣʳҺȫ͵СԼͷĿǻصĲơ
ȫѧһЩĽǶʼھصǣͬʱֺ촽ʼͣķٵĺ
֪˶ã˵˫˿ȫ崿ŵСϺα鲼ģھӢϽĸֳЦݣĵĸߺС΢ЦŵȫͣղŽǵĸо𣿡
ھ٬ĻȫͶʱеӵĺߣͬʱ崿ŵСϱøӵͨȻû˵ȴ˵ͷ
˵ĺƽȫ崿ŵСϵĺ֮ɫҲȥ̧ͷھҪ˵ʱȻӭȵĿ⣬ٴγ˺֮ɫߵھҪȫͺȫŮˡ
ȫ͵ĻھϵЦݶʱЦĸӵĸߺСȥȫϵףһѩ۵ھҰУһѩǰסĿ⣬ʹھĿĶ档
ȫͣھþûнĶ͵͵۾ȥھһ֮ɫزɫʱ৵һͨ۾ͷеǿʹҸȥ
һھŻعȫͺα鲼ͷӣϵЦݶʱЦĸӵ˫סߵѩЦǲǺܺ߰
ȫû˵ֻ˵ͷ
˫סȫ͵գʹԼյɬӣŽ޶ֺ촽һ£ȻĸеĴϣȻͷ桭
ȫܸоھĶͬʱҲܲ³¶ʲôЦʲôЦݣߺСʱӺˡ
ѩ覵壬ǶԱѩְ棬ֻ¶һЩѩصصطסھǶ۾ĶǸطһջĿ⣬ȫɫߺ죬յӣϵЦЦĸֻֿʼȫǾѩ׽۵ĸ
ȫϸоھԼϸʹĺļͬʱоԼ忪ʼ𽥵ķȣ񱻻ȼһͬʱ忪ʼŤ
ȫ͵ӣھϵЦЦĸӵһȫ;ѩ۵˫ֿʼ¸ȥĽ⿪ţпĿӣ𽥵ھĿ⣬Ķ˵ǵشǰɫƵڿ㣬ʧ𽥵Ļԭľ𽥵ıǿӲ䳤ܿ죬һ˫ѩ۵ĴȳҰУסھĿ⡭
ˬĸоʹյȫͶʱ֪Լţп㱻ȥˣߺС϶ʱӵͨץڴϵʶסԼ崿ŵСͬʱӴһɬĿŴעطھ
ȫ͵ĶʹھӷлعһߺӣϵЦݶʱЦĸָѩ۵磬޹ǵѩķŵ˴ϡ
оھ˫һԼŵϣȫͶʱ֪ҪʲôȫߺСʱӵͨ졣
ȫ͵ӣھϵЦݶʱЦĸӵŵԺͬʱյѩ׵棬ʱһɵĴ㴫У鲻ԽһڣֻоһƬˬһϲĶȫ͵ȫ̫ͣˣ
ھĻȫŵ崿Сʱ৵һͨԼֻֽסźĲٺС
ÿȫֻѩ۵֣ھһЦĿĺѩɢŨζ
һȫ͸оھûмвɵ΢΢ʧ䣬ǶԽյھһЦעԼʱСӵͨˣͬʱıĵʹҸȥ
һȫѩ۵壬ھͷſ촽סԸж۵ĺ촽뵽ĿǻۺС࣬ͣǣ˱ϵǵͬʱھ˫Ҳûзѩ۵صĸ󣬸ȫǸеԵļ
ϴʹȫ͵ĺļӵĻֻѩ۵ֱ۲֪ʲôʱ§סھĲӣʹ˵촽ӵĽһ𡭡


224 ȫͱƴУ
֪˶ã˲Žɿ˶Է촽ȫɫͨ죬ٴɬԼھӢϽ¶Цݡ
ھӢϽ¶ЦݣȫĶʱеӵĺߣ˳ٿ
ȫͽıߺھû˵ͷĶͷһ£Ƕȥͬʱѩ׼ϲֽͣزŰɫ֣渧ǶԸеԵء
ȫ鷳оھ˫ִʱԼϣߺСʱøӵߺ죬ǰʹĺӼͬʱҵҲŽ޶ֺ촽﷢˳
ȫھԸк촽вϷʧЦٴνĸӢϣ̧ͷһȫߺӣͷѩ۵˫ָǶԱְסء
ھ촽ȫ͵ǰǰԱְסأЦһ£صıԵһ£Ȼƶ촽Ȼ档
оİ˵촽ȥȫ͵ĸеӵĺߣֻѩ۵ֲ֪ʲôʱѾסߺС
ǹȫƽ̹⻬СԺھ촽ûֹͣǶͬʱ˫ҲߵϸĿС
ϴУʹȫ͵ĺӵļҵͣĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢ھ̼ѣ֪𽥵ӡ
ڲ֮ͣ£ھ촽ȫ͵ϣͷѩ׵Сϱ
ã
оİԼСţȫͶʱߺӴѩ۵˫סھԼ׵Сš
̧ͷȫͿȥɫߺ쿴ԼЦΪʲô
ܣ࣬ͲҪˡ
彥壬ָߺСϹȫǱĺùûκطģ覵ġ
ھĻȫʱжѣǶԽעԼ˫ۣʶԼڳز⼸ȫ壬ߺСʱ৵һͨͷ
һȫ͵Ķͷھķ壬ȻͷȫǶѩ׵㡣
Ūһھ촽ȫһֻ㣬һǶȥͬʱֲֻͣĸȫѩ۵ȣϴĻС
ܵİ˵촽ǶԼ˽ܵطʱӵĺߣڵȸʹʲô֪ĶʲôʱߺСӵͨͬʱѩ۵ֽסͨС
ھ촽ϣֻм֮ңʱ򣬾ζıǻһڣĿȥЦݽĸӢϡ˫ķֿȫǶԽյȣһ͸֮ɫѩڿھҰС
ȫ͸оİ˷ֿԼ˫ȣѾȫ¶ھȵУȫ͵ĶʱеӵĺߣͨСһĲٺˣǿҵʹҸȥٳ
ǰһʪ˴벿λİɫڿ㣬ھϵЦݶʱЦĸͬʱĿȫ͵崿ŵСȥ˫ֽסС帩ѩ۵ϣÿǽסߺС֣ߺӣЦȫͣʪŶ
󻵵˰
ھĻȫͨСˣҪ˫ֽסߺСôҲ鲻رھץסֻ֣ܱһĽ֮ɫ
òᵽڲ֪Ǵɫǰɡ
˵ھȫߺСǰ
ȫܸоھСĽӽԼСĵʹ֪ôشɫǵĻá
ͻȻȫ͸оԼϴУߵŽ޶ֺ촽﷢ʶҪȥھʱһ֮ɫĿԼʱ޵ݵĸоϱԼ
ߺӣЦһ£ھͺסŽ޶ֺ촽ͬʱַſȫֻѩ۵֣ѩ۵߸
ϴʹȫ͵ĺļҵŽ޶ֺ촽﷢˳ֻѩ۵ھĺ󱳲ͣĸǿİȫС
ڸһѩ۵壬ھȫ͹⻬ϸ񱳣Ӻ⿪ǿɰСϵĹҹסѩϵֽ룬ʱһ˫ѩɢسҰС
ȫϸоԼǰֱھȥˣ崿ŵСϽߺ֮ɫٴγ棬뵽Լر˿ˣȻİˣȫ͵Ȼ߲ѣֻ޹ǵֽסأھ
ȫ͵ֽסԼǰѩأھĿⲻ沿ȥɫͨ콿ߵӣϵЦݶʱЦĸÿϵ֣ѩ׵¶Уضŷ·챦ʯһ㽿εķۺٶʱס
һھŻعЦĿһɫͨȫͣͷſͣͷߵͬʱһָֻȫǰһѩأһֻѩ۵帧һȥ
ǰʹȫ͵ĺӵļͬʱ޺촽﷢Ҳӵ

ȫﲻͣ˵ھӢϵЦݶʱЦĸżȫѩ۵أʱƷϵķۺ١
ھͣ£ȫǰѩϵķۺٽĿʼӲͦѩ׵ϣЦĿһۺھ컬һѩ۵ϣѩ۵غϵķۺ١
ھ֮ͣ£ʹȫ͵ӵͬʱȵ̼˫ȼǿڷۺѨͣ¶ɹɫ֭ˮǼѾʪİɫڿŪĸʪ󡭡
ŪһһϵķۺҲ쳣Ӳˣ߸ߵͦѩ۵ϡۿһϰͦ鷿ھͷǣ촽Ƕȥ뿪ء
ھ촽ȫ͵˫ȼ䣬ŵ˫ȼ䲻ƮɢĹɹɴӷ㣬ӢϽĸֳЦݣ̧ͷһ۽һߺ첻ͣȫͣǿԷֿǽһ޳˫ȣһʪİɫڿҰС
оԼ˫ȫİ˴ˣ¶ȫĶʱеӵĺߣѩ۵ֽסͨС
һǰ˴ھͷȥ뵽ζӵŨˡ
˫ȼ䴫ʹȫ֪ھʱʲôǿҵʹҸȥ˫ʶ߼ȥھ嵲סˡ
һǰ쳣ʪڿ㣬ھſͷִƬʪĵط洦ͬʱʼŪͬʱֻѩ۵Ĵصĸ󡢸ܴϴ۸о


225 ȫͱƴ£
ھǾ޴ͷͣ£̼ʹǿڷۺѨӲͣ¶ɹɫ֭ˮ͸Ǽ쳣ʪİɫڿ㣬ھͷʳ˿У뵽ڡ
һᣬھջͷֲֻ֪ʲôʱѾȫ͵䣬󽥽쳣ʪڿ㣬һƬɫĲԭһڷۺѨ¶ҰС
оˬоȫͲ˫ֽסѾģһɬĿһЦھɬѣҸط
ھ֪ȫͺߣûмŶ֣§ס޹ǵĽЦǲǸеܺߡ
ȫû˵˫ִջأıסھ壬ߵھȫ֪Ů˳ҹʱۣȻһ𣿡
һһķġ
˵ھһȫ͵Ķͷɫߵӣķѩ۵壬ÿŵ֣һһϲͣ緢ɹɫ֭ˮѨסھĿ⡣һǿڷۺ첻ͣ緢ɹɫ֭ˮķۺѨھͷſͣͷƬڵĲԭ
ڲ֮ͣ£ڲԭϵĵεɫ֭ˮھ뵽˿Уͬʱֻһֻѩ۵صĸһֻѩ׻Ĵϸ
һƬڵĲԭھ촽ǿڷۺѨԣͷִѨϣܵȫǲͣ壬ЦݽĸӢϡ
ͷĥһǿڷۺѨھۺĴͷǿڲͣźϵķۺѨ롭
ʹʹȫͱϽĳʹı飬üͷ
ͷͣĽ룬ھͷڴŮĤͣͷŪһߵڣͷӷۺѨ˳̧ͷȫһʹ࣬ı飬֪Ϊʲôʹı飬˫ȼ۵ϣһָֻʹ࣬ߺСһֻֽסȫѩ۵֣µƶƤ֮Ħʹȫ͵ʹʧˣһٵĺҲƽһЩǶԽյھһЦĿߺСϸӵͨıٿ
ȫһܵӣھϵЦݶʱЦĸͷһŽ޶ֺ촽ЦĿһߺ֮ɫȫͣʼȥϵ·
İһȥԼϵ·͵ȫͶʱɫߺ첻ѣ
ȥϵ·ǸѾľڿ˳ָȫ͵沿ͷȫͽɫߺӣھӢϽĸֳЦݣĸϣµľ뵽˫ȼ䣬ʱĸ˫ȼǿڷۺѨʹǿڷۺѨӷɹɫ֭ˮ˳ιڽ׵ĿɰĴ֮ϡ
ܵ˫ȼǸͣѨĦľȫ͵Ȼ֪ʲôߺСʱӵͨ죬ӵļ٣ҵͣĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢ھĴ̼ѣһɫ۽Ķȫ崿ŵߺСЦݽЦĸͬʱֲֻͣѩ۵ظ󣬸ѩ׼С
һȫѩ۵ھͷſͺסȫŽ޶ֺ촽һͷԸжк촽ǶȥͬʱֻҲ𽥵¸󣬽ھ촽ȫ͵˫ȼ䣬ķҷͣĴ뵽ıǻںЦĿһƬɰĲԭشͷۺѨͷڵĲԭ
˫ȼ䴫ʹȫ֪ô£ߺСʱӵĺߣеʹҸطٳͬʱֻѩ۵ֲ֪ʲôʱѾסͨС
һڵĲԭھͷǿڷۺѨ棬ִ棬Ħһ뵽棬ͬʱֲֻͣ󣬸ѩ۵Ĵȣܴϴ۵ԡ
ۺѨﴫ̼ʹӷɹɫ֭ˮ˳źɫͷ뵽ھĿǻ뵽
ŪһȫǿڷۺѨھջͷѨһ̧ͷȫͿȥ˫ֽסС֪ߣЦݽĸӢϣ帩ѩ۵ϣõȫǽסߺСѩ֣Цſû˵
ȫ͵ȻܸоڽĶߺСʱӵͨ죬ǿҵʹҸȥ
ȫͿһھסԼǸӲĲӲľִȫǿڷۺʪѨϣЦĿ¾ɫУķӦ
ȫϸоԼǿڷۺѨж棬֪ھľ˵Ů˵һھ԰ʱۣۣﲻɽֹھЦݽעԼʱߺСӵͨ죬ϱһٴνߵھȻһ𣿡
ھ֪ȫ͵ʲôḧߺСҪģȻҵľһȥġ
˵ھͷһȫ͹Ķͷ
ھĻȫ΢΢е㵣ģµ齥ʧˣߺС¶˵Цݡ
ȫϵЦݣھɫ΢΢һ£ЦݸӢϣ˫ɫɫע崿ŵСͬʱǵĿǰǶѩ۸ʵء
ھϽ¶Цݣȫѩ۵СϽĸֳߺı飬
˺һھ˵ȫͣҪˡ
ھĻȫ͵岻ɲһ£֪һҪˣǶԽյ鿴ھ˵ھɡ
˵ٴαˣŵĵȴھǸ뵽ڡ
ȫͽŵӣھͷһĶͷȻǰƶѨϵľǰƶĽ뵽ȫǿ쳣ʪķۺɫѨ
´ʹʹȫСϽüͷʹı棬ݽѹס촽Լ﷢ʹĽ
ȫʹı飬ھͣ˶ͷ촽ͬʱֲֻͣеĵطɢע
ھͣ£ȫͽĸе治ʹˣʹı齥ʧ˵СϣǶԽյ΢Цھ˵ھлл㡣
Ҹĸоþòɢȥ
ھû˵ĸС忪ʼˣǰƶµľĽ뵽ȫǿڷۺѨ
ڲͣƶ£ھľִȫ͵ĴŮĤͣ
ʱȫҲоھľִĴŮĤϣﲻɽյѩ۵ֽץסھļۣû˵ע
ȫ͸¶ĺɫϴĽ飬ھϽ¶΢Цĸȫѩ۵СȻܻ۵㣬Ҫŵ㡣
ţȫ֪ھɡ
˵ȫ˫ֽ§סھĲӣͷڶ¥ļϣʹϡ
һȫ͵գоǿڷۺѨﲻͣ¶ɫ֭ˮʪѨھ֪ʱˣ鶯˼£͵ǰһʱǲ㱡ĴŮĤ뵽档
ھһ˲䣬ʹĽͬʱҲȫŽ޶ֺ촽﷢˳ſ촽ݺݵҧھļϡ
ϴʹʹھ֪ôˣЦһ£ֲͣȫǾѩ۵صĸеĵط̼壬ͬʱҲʼĬĬϵġƵʥȫϵĴ֮֮תΪɫȻ޸ȫĴˡ
ھͣ£ȫͽĸоԼĲôʹˣͷھļ̧˳ߵлл㣬ھѾöˡ
ȫ͵ӣĻЦݽĸھӢϣЦǲǿʼоĸо
ھϵЦݣĻȫߺСϽıͨ죬֪ҪʲôھȫѾˣɣúðȫͰɡ
˵ȫͰߺСھļϣĵʹҸȥ
ĸȫͷں˳㷢ھ忪ʼĳ鶯ǿڷۺѨеľ΢΢ĳ鶯ӷۺѨͣɫ֭ˮͻŷۺ촦Ů֮ѪھͣĽ֮±˳ѩѾʪĴ֮ϡ
ھͣĳ鶯֮£´ʹȫ͵ĺļѩ۵СӵͨͬʱҵҲͣĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢ͨСϴʱֻʹ֮ɫ˿˿ʹ
ڳ鶯һھȫѩ۵ŵ˴ϣ˽Ӵʺ֮ѪھϽĸֳЦݣ̧ͷȫСϵ飬ϵЦݶʱЦĸӵͣ鶯ͬʱھֻǰͣĸǶѩ۵ء
ǰ´ʹȫ͵ĺӵļͬʱ˽ϵĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢
ȫŽ޶ֺ촽ﲻϷ˽ھϵЦݽЦĸ˽Ĵ̼£ھ忪ʼ𽥵ļӿ죬ڷۺѨľδζĲ뵽˷ۺѨĻϣɹɫ֭ˮ˿˿ۺĴ֮Ѫ˳ͬʱѩϵֻͣѩ۵ֵ֮£вͣı仯Ÿ״
ھͣ𽥿ٵĳ££ȫ͵ĺӵļ٣ͬʱ˽Ҳӵֻѩ۵ֲ֪ʲôʱŵѩ۵ϣͣĸ󡭡
ڲͣĳ֮£ȫ͸߿һйˣɹɫǿڷۺѨϵ˳˾ͷϡѨоԴѨɫֻͣ棬֭ˮ˿˿ʺĴ֮ѪϵĽϡ
ͷȫͽɫͨ죬ٴӣЦݽĸھӢϣֹͣ˳嶯
һȫ͵ĺƽǶԽյھһЦ֮ɫʱϵĺ֮ɫʱٴγ崿ŵСϣ
ȫ͵ıѾھУϵЦݶʱЦĸѩϵһֻֿʼĸЦ˵ȫͣղŵĸо𣿡
ھĻȫ֪˵ָʲôߺС϶ʱӵͨûлشھĻĵʹҸط˫۵ֽסͨСھߺӡ
ÿסߺС֣ȫǺߣͨٴγھҰУͷһŽ޶ֺ촽Ц˵ȫͣ㻹ûлشϹĻء
ǶԽյھȻһЦĿĵİһۣߵɫǣ㻵ˣ˼ҲŲشղ˵ء
˵ٴα
ھû˵ЦĿȫͣѩϵֿʼͣ󣬸ѩϴ۸С
ǰʹȫ͵ĺĿʼͬʱҵٴδȫŽ޶ֺ촽﷢
ȫɫߺӣŽ޶ֺ촽ﲻͣھϵЦݽЦĸͬʱĶǿڷۺѨľĴ½ͣɫھĽ֮±˳ʪĴ֮ϡ
ܵѨﴫУȫ͵ĺӵļͬʱ˽ͣĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢˳ʱСϲٳʹı飬ıʹ˭֪ں֣ܿ
ȫֵı飬Ž޶ֺ촽ﲻͣ˽ھӢϵЦݶʱЦĸӵִֻѩ۵ŵߣ֧壬鶯ĶͣĿټӶ
ٵļӶ֮£δκݺݵĲ뵽ȫǿڷۺѨͬʱɹɫ֭ˮϵҺ屻˳
𡪡
һͺھ﷢ɹɫľз뵽ȫǿʺѨѨͣɫ֭ˮʺѨһ
ھĴ̼£ȫ͸߿һҲйˣɹɫѨ˳ھɫڷۺѨһ𣬽ϳµ
ʱڷﲻͣԼ壬̼еȫͣڲ֮ͣ£ڵһйˣɹɴʺѨɫ䵽ڿ֮ϣɫͨĲϴ


226 ձ
֮ھ§ס̱ȫͣЦôͣԸԸһӺһ𣿡
ţ˼ҷǳԸ⡭
ȫһЦ
ǺáԺҵˡһúöġ
֪ˡھԺúź㡭
19990427ա
ھ½ר
ܷɻģ𣬴ǱֱӶ
ɻʣٲ˲ͻһֿеΣա
ڷɻʵϣھۣǮðɻƵãԼһ˳û˵֣Ҳûймߵĸ٣һ֣ˬ
Сʱܿ쵽ձ˿̣ڶӴѶձܽվѶͳһıڣһɫĺɫۣһӳķֿϣүϰھݡ
֮ܽ⣬ҵšձƷµĸ糤¡ͻ᳤ľƶҲͬʵʵĴһƱ¼ĳԱ˻Ŀĺܼ򵥣ѾˣһӭھӲձ
ΪھձݳᣬӲ칤һЦԷǵĸо
˵ϰ˾ۼڻĳձټձ˺ӣӹ̲йˣֳ϶ţëȴЩͬµڣºܿ˴ձߵĹעһ治ѵĿǣϵȣǸ˭˵׷׵׼ˡ
䡭
ɻĻʣһϼͼͲͻӴҵķ˻棬ʱܽſ˿վߵĴ¡ľƶˣС߰ɡˣ
Ȼָָ¼ˣֵǽȥҲ£ҲϲЩվɣ

¡ľƶԼͬӦһȻͷ˿ˡŵ˵ͷ߽˺
ھűڵͷĻ˵Ĵ߳ʱǰĶˡȻֻһ̤ձĵ̣ǵǸ¥õʱл̲סһѡ
Ƕ֪ձСǵشؿǰ齻㴦һ꼸ǧδССĵ𼸺ϣʹձĸ¥ȫշָƺͽ졣һ㣬ھȻ׼ǵ̤ձʱлǲɵССľ̾һ¡
βڵĸߴ¥̣İʿͳ⣬ֲҵĹ·ű¶ձŮװձкΪǰΣ¾Σƻձܵ˾شڿձȷʵɡ
ΣǰĽΣûаձда
ھﲻ֪ôģп
ڸָ֮ܽܽԼλʽĸ糤¡λǻ᳤ľƶλǲɶõĴ֮Ű
ã
¡ľƶæһľϹû㲻ĺк
ţã
ھ΢Ц˵ļѶܺҲһˣο˵ţúøɰɣǡǵĺﻹҪͣţֻҪвŻδһǰ;
лл
ָæϹӦձ˶Դ˾ı˳
ţˡϳ̸ɣ
ھջ֣档
¡ľƶһ£Ȼβں棬ǰھһ
ļ߲ǰֻǶھԶԶա񣬶ٸķɢעÿһ䡣
ϣپƵλڶ˵ҵＰ붫ոһСʱĳ̡վھƵԶ빫԰ķۡ˵ľǻʹ͸˾Ժ
Ƶ55㣬807ͷ׷˵ľ3ͳ׷ǰΣ֮ǰƵļֵԼΪһң4000ˡ
ңҲҾƵĻ󶫼ҡ
ĻϰҪˣƵľһ˵ȣﻹס׷׾ڴſڣһǴģ֪˿»Ϊӭĸҵͳɣ
ϰã
ھ³ŵһ˲䣬ٸԱǰľ¹ŵĺﺰš
ͳһװ뻮һĺǵͷνκ޵˶ˡھҲȻ⣬˰ֵҺúøɣ׷ֺӱȡȫձõľƵꡣ
ллϰ壡
һεȸղŸˣϾʵڵĽ˭أ
ţȴȥȻóֵľƲдǵԱ
ǾͲˣ
û¡һٷһģ
ھܽĻСľ߽˵ݡ
ϣٷΪ˱Լɫûаձ˵ϲ޸Ĳ֣Ǻɼȵطķֵһȫõŷʽ񣬲ɹ⡢֡װεȶ޿޵ĳ֣֮Ŀ˵ҲƷλ
߽Լ齵ķ䣬ھ˸˵Ҫϴˣȳȥɡ
ܽæ뿪
⣬ǾƵ꾭ںţܽʹɫúдظɻף

ϹϺס
ܽ߸ߣͨԽ¸µ˵һͨ
ھźˮ·׼ϴ裬ˡھüͷһȴձӣͷձŮཱུ۵Ƥۣˮޱȡ˾ǣòߣȻһģһ


227 ձû
ǡ
ŮԵúɬͷ˲ҿھһۣյĺԵøˡ
زʱһܼ
ǡģ
һŮȻɬй˵
ھסˣŮ˵Ļ˵˭ĹԼʲôʱһˣ
ܲ˸վſڰԼ⣬˿Ӱ಻á
ΣھֻȰý˵˭Ըģ
Ǳ
ĸ
ھԸղŵľƵ꾭ûʲôӡ󣬸Ͳ֪֡
ҾƵľ
ھˣµˣˣҲҪǷ̣ǿ뿪ˡ
װװҲá
ھ仰˵꣬ձŮ㿴ҿ㣬Ȼɫ˵ѵϲǣ
ֿģۣһģһŮһġ˭ĺǡ
ǵġҵ˼ǣԼϴ裬Ҫ˷̣Ҳϰ߱˷̣ok
ھЦ
˭֪Ů۾һ죬Ȼᡣ
ھɵסˣԼʲôûɡǿ޸ʲô
ϰ壬뿪˵û⡣û񣬻ȥܵͷģ
ھǳһģһǲã
ǵģǽٴ֦ðٴ
һŮ˵
ھͷͶ󣬻ѧɣô飿
ǽպʮ꣬ǶŮӴѧѧ
ٴ֦ˣǶھǸ⣬ȴô˵ˡ
ҿǻȥɣӰҲã
ھ̾뿴ŮķӦ
˭֪ͨ
֦ȻһȥھĻ˵꣬ٴ֦ǵĸԭһʮĸˣΪǰ֣ƲˣڲǷž޶ծһ˸ΰѾҪء
ŶԭǻôҵĹ¡
ھ¸ˣԿЦ벻ԼҲֹѪΪ飬ǸЦһֱϷԼĵӰ£
Ƿ㣬Ǻܸɾģֶûкǵķ̾⣡
Ů涵˵
ھǺһЦ˵ҿ԰ǣǸ׵ҽҩһ֧ģϣףǸңҲԲܽҵļţбǻ߰ɣ
ǡ
ٴ֦ɫߺ죬ĿھʵֻҪϰԸҪǣŮҲԸ⡣
˵仰öߵĴףٿھһˡ
տʼʱõ֪ҪȥһˣǸ°ΪַǳǮˣָʲô壬͹Ŷӣëģûˣɲ룬ԼȻᱻ̺ھ
ھ˭
ǡ
ŮϲΣԽҲ⣬ÿŵһ˲䣬һλӢŰԼ
ǵȿ˷Ժǲ֪ԭȺʱ
Ҫ˵ǿ̺ھûǿȣձŮż񳬼ݵҲԸˣ
Եھٴ˵ҪߵʱҲ̲סԼ
ǺãϢһ°ɣϣҲԿӣϴ裬ٳǡ
ھܺƵ˵꣬ȥϴ䣬˫̥Ů
ٺ٣ھ뿴Ů᲻߽ԡҡ
ԡڣھϴԡȻ˶ˮޱȣ˳ֶһԱ߷õĺƣСһڡ
ͻȻϴķűƿȻ󡭡
ٴ֦Ͱٴ˫̥Ů½ŵ£Өνһӣʤա
ھžƱɵۡ
ǡ
Ϊˣھܲ˿ĭ
ǿһ£ǽΪã
ٴ֦ɬ˵
ֻǰѣ㣬ܿ԰ɣ
Ůˣ첻ھʲô˼뿪
ǿУ
ھգһۣ΢Ц
רŵĲ˫̥Ůƺ˵㡣


228 û˫
һھδܾõķ̣ٴ֦ͰٴͶһ£ߵھߣھΪҪʼˣ˰Ħϡ߼׷ԡڵ豸ӦоУǵܡ
ھ΢΢ۣԼȥߵ˫̥ûȴһЩݳ顣
ͻȻúһȴһ˫ܷܷСͿ͡ھ죬˵ѵ߲ķʽȽرװɡҲûֹ
˫СֵַͿĨĺܾҲ󻪡Ȼھĺ󱳣Լ۴ᰴĦ
֮ӿھ̲¿

ھܰĦʱͻȻһѵݵԼߣھһȴðٴɬ̺ԼھܲϰιԼɬӣԼҪǲ¿ڣĵģǾſڳ¡
˼ѣģھ뿪ƣðٴϰ壬ҪҪƣ
ھһ£ͷ˵Ѿͷѵ
ſôȾưھҪȴٴ촽غסһںƣȻھӭ
ŻվţھƱػÿʱſţ޿ɱܣǽεСסԼͣһɷ㴫ھ;һֿԼأţ˳ƶ롭㴼ޱȣҲޱȣ
ƣֺȷ
ھգۣС
ǲھѹͻȻ;úŻ֮ѹ˹
ʲô
𰸺ԡ
ھϾˣԴһըˡ
ٴ֦ſھϣԼ֮ͦھ»Իͣ
ھſţһ
ʵڲܹ⣬ѵ˵ձʽĲ
Ҳ̫Ȼˣ
ǰٴ֦ǵһ飬Ż£ѾۡôſھߴϸϢھĸ
ǺΪˣĳطܿɳܵӲˣ
ðٴãһⷴӳԥȥ

ھҲͲסˣһѽٴѹ£еҪ㡭
֦һϲЦЦ˿⡣
ھסᶨһͷһͻ谭һʪۣδ˽ء
ء
סС죬ɻǲȫڸʹİУüšһˮ۽ǽëϣһһεҪ׹
ۡѽء
۵̲סƵİ
Ŭ豣ֲϧؽȥһµǰԣԣ£һͺˣԡ
˵ĸоȴǳĹͷǰѵס˻ȴС档ʱصǲӭߣһһؽļƣӴƬĿĿɰƬȴҧסͺءǰйУѵҪ̲ס
٣̫ˡҰ㣬Ұ㡭
ÿнһΣ˵һҰ㡣ͣظبŮ˰֡
ҡҡҪɡˡ
һƳ˫þȫ§ıȲͣ˫ĿգĿӭƽһθ߳
ھ֮һֽ֦弦һͱۡ
֦ɲǷΣͦΣҪֳƵġ
ǿҵĳҪ֦۵˺ѣ˵ĻֱƽŮĤ
֦ԼδԹسſš
ȻҰĿǰΪֹ֡
ִһѹʪۺɫĻѷСӵǶôĽխûмŽ룬ڻĥת𲽵سſŮܵӲͬһ㣬һһŮ׵ǰš
ڷƽͼѹУϲλխʵůϸ¶ĸо
Żȶٶȣһ֦ޱȵĴ֮оȡܶĿС
ɫͷ緢Ƶ³İ
ͷͻȻǰһ͵裬׵աʢ硱ˣͷִ֦ĴŮĤ֦ĴŮĤٹϢǰȴ谭΢һˣȻһƺߣȻǰһǲ谭ȴûһӦƣ֦ĴŮǿԴʥԽ׳һ
ЦЦټ֦ĴŮĤڱͻƣľ͸ԼķӡռŮ١
֦ҪԶҵŮˡ
õ֦ĳ죬оͷһ˲̴֦ڵŮĤ֦Ůƹ죬Ȼͨһ˲ʵظоǰ΢΢ƿյĸо֦ĹȻͻȻСˣ̼ͦǡͻһ룬Ǹæ˫֮вɲ
ѽѽš
֦ʹĽţŷ·屻˺ѿʹ࣬ûҧļʹָѾĴıˮ
֦ͻȻеһ¼ҵʹʹ̵ĵͺ֪ԼʥĴŮĤѾͻˣԼûˣʹŸİοʹ
ڵһνϣȻѾгֵʪ֦ĴŮĹԵխ쳣ʹִľǴĹصİΧѹţûһ˿Ŀ϶ٲΪ衣֦޳Ĵȼۺ콿۵űȵţԭ۵ķۺɫѾһֳѪȡˡ
֦ҵİڶŽ޳ĴȲκ뱻Уϸ۵Сصסʵţþȫơͷںڵ˿ҵɢǰ࣬룬ӯ滨㽿ķ顭
ھ˶ŮȻ§ŶŮ˯Դˣ߶һλŮû


229 ƾƾ
ڶ죬ھձŮǾƾǰȥԷȻγԷĿĵģǾǸƾҩ
ձ񼶱ŮھǲܷŹġ
ʱھƵ׷ڣԱϺơ
Ҫ𣿡
ԱСʡ
򿪰ɡ
ھ˵
Աƴ򿪣ƿھ͡ھϣԱȸ嵹һȻعͷÿڲñڵʱ򣬳ûҩĩͿĨȥٸƾ嵹һ
ھǺһЦʾƾӣӣҲǽˣɷ𣿡
ƾӵһЦ˵԰ɡҲɷǸܹŰˡ

ھĬˡ
ԼСʱһƿѾȵĲˣھͻȻԴЩѣ
ɿܣԼǺܺõģҡҡͷŬԼһЩƾƺЩףʣôˣװھ
ھҡҡͷûʲôֻЩͷΡ
̫ˣҪҪҷȥϢһ£
Ҳá
ھͷھƾӵͬ¥
棬ƾӱٺھһ뿪ģȻûȡ
ھѣ࣬ôˣӣ
ŶûʲôֻЩȡ
ƾСգģɰ˼һȥϴּϴ
˵ţƾӾȥϴּ䣬һһУѽ
ôˣ
ھʡ
ûʲôֻˮҵ·Ūʪˡˣûдѽ
Уø㣡
ھ˵žȡ˴ϴּ䣬Žȥһסˣֻƾӻˮ͸ģ̫ϣճߡ
ھͷЩѣˣǰƾͻȻ÷ǳģ۲ҧ촽·ڳָͷ﷢ھ
ھоһɻڡڵϴܣæ壬ѹǹ궯ǰþʧȴƾӺɵؿôˣھ
Ŷûʲô
ھæΣȴ·ҳȥһ¡
ھæӵ棬ҪҩЧ
ϴּڣƾӽ⿪µĿӣȻ·ֻڿ㣬Ŵ·
ھڿڴ򿪵ӻ˼ۣȴôҲƽԺǸֳƾǰ͹µ塣룬Ӧò˰ɣ
ѽͻȻϴּ䲻һС
ôˣھæ˽ȥ
ֻһۣھ㿴۾ֱˡ
غɫַ·ھƾǰ͸ļȫΪһ壬żͦͰε룬Լм伷ȳһ֣з˵Һɫ٣ͬӪһԼʵУ͸ɢǿĻƺΧĿˡ
ھֻЩɿʣ鲻Խ˼£Ŀ⻺ƣȻƵȴиԡȥƾĸºһ㵭ϼĺмһֻССĺɫ˹衣
¡
һŹֵȻð
ղڱ̵þеľƾھʱһҵĻ¯Уǹ̵ļԽز֪ھڿӣ߾֮£ʶƴԺƮ˳ȥûκξٶֻ΢۾ǽھĿ⡣
ھз죬ȴþƾ˲й
ǿӣƾĵؽ˫һССķ϶ͼھֱֱԼ£ֻӶҪĳһ㡣ƾһ˿Լûвϲȴʶؽ˫ȣס֮ھûУ
ûУ
ھѿڶԼŵʧ̬΢ڨȻ˸Ц˼˵
ھĿͣ˾ƾƽ̹СϣǻĸоΪ
˵˼
ƾǺ˵ھ߹Цһ¡Ȼӡھ
һû˵꣬ҵ˼ǡ
ھ΢ƣܵ˾ƾӵغ󱳡
֪ܾ
ܰӾƾͷ㷢ɢھʹ˼ڣǹɵζһ㣬ȼھÿһ񾭡գۼ䣬ھԼѪҺƷܵƾӣֱ޲ýĽԼڡ
ƾѪСھĸ¡һȵĻܣ鳱ӿüƯȾŰȻش⡣ֻӯҲ·ͣŨŨˮ⡣գ䣬Ƿҡ
ʱھһֻھƾӹ⻬ļš


230 Ƶƾ
ھҪ
ƾҧº촽ܵһ䡣ھûָӿٵھƾӵϻھǼȵɫþƾӼȸɬָۣ΢΢۾
ÿһƾӵﶼһ˿¶ϵȫȥʱƾǾȴΪŶ΢΢
ǲȴͦ˫壬ΡΡţԲźزšεһĨ˵ϼΣΧǱѩļѾһ㵭ķۺ졣ڵƹӳ£ɢŹɫ֮Ķ
ھΪ֮ͣһᡣع˺ðΣھž̾һžƾǺȼŵգӣһ𣿡
˵ʱھ־Ѿʼ̽˹ȥ

ƾӵı΢΢һ壬߳һԼ
õƾӵͬ⣬ھǲͣ٣˫סŷӯӸǰѹ˾ƾӵ֮ϡھЩ֡ľٶƾӵĽëסҵز˼ȴǿûг
ھ㲻Ҫ
ƾӷ߽Ÿո£ھס˾ƾӣһݡʱ򣬾ƾӼҪ˵ҲûǸڵĻˡ
Ϊھ
ŰһҵĴ󼦰Ͳվƾڡ
ʹô󰡣ȰˬšŶ
ͣţϵǰҡԼ
ʱҰγҵ϶ҪҪγҡ
ÿҵ϶
ңӦýˣ
ǣˡٲ
壿ʲôʲô壿ʲô
ˣĴҵѨ
ãԣſϰɣȷֿ
ſϰȷֿҾʹĺĲ˽ȥ
֮ǰˬ󡣰
ԭվЧ֮ǰխоˬվŸɵʱŮԵ
˫ִĺȥǰ棬Ū˫飬Ƿۺɫͷҵ϶ϵŻ˶
ʱҴţһӳҺ;ƾڣ̣̣ͣͣͣˣţ̣ϣ֣ţĴ󾵡̧ǻֵĴȣҵ϶ھϡ
Լڵӣôôɰ
̧ͷĿھһԼ
ģĺǰԼѾˣڣġ
ĵ˵ţ֤Ҫ߳ˡ
ҸӴȺٶȡʱȻʧڵϣ벻õձŮǣձ˵˾Ȼʧ
ˣ벻Ҫ˵ˬȫģľҺɣҺܿ
ãôҪҾ͸㡣
Ұȫ񾭶Լ޵ٶȲϵĳȫ˸жͷһᣬͰܵȫƾӵϵ侫ҵľӣҵ
ȰͻȻöȰˬȫƮƮģģνĸ߳𣿺ˡ
꾫󣬴ڰγҵ϶٣κ󣬵ڻǹ
ҿԼǻͦմҺˮѪҺߣԾſڵϵľƾӣϵĴȫţŻžҺˮѪҺʱһĪĳ嶯УҰأѹϡһδӺ
ҰȺҵ϶ƨɣĴ֮䣬Ȼ׼طһš
һηǳ׵ĽȥΪҺ
ſڵϣѹǿƵģҺпС
šม
ϵš
ϺƳʽٵţǸһΣ⻹ûţ˺ܾò侫
󣬾ƾ̱ھĬ
ھ§žƾӣһ㡣
֮󣬾ƾӵ˵°ɡ͵֮ʲôҲû𣿡
㲻ң
ھԥһ£žƾӻȵ˵
ʲôǿң
ƾЦЦؿھ
Ϲɣ
ھֱ˵
ˣ
ƾӳĬһ¡
šԣԸ𣿡
ھ˵
˵Ը⣬ΪҷҸ㣬ϹҲȷʵǸʲôˡҺȻҪ飬£һʧȥĲƲҵĺӡ
ƾӺԥ
ھһ¾ƾӣ˵һңһʱձ顭ҿ԰㱣סƲںӡҵʱһˡǺǡ


231 вһ
һԳְҵѡ֣ʵձJPSAĹְҵѡﲢû֡ձ֧ASP JapanаҲû֣ҲΪԭձýڱһνְҵѡֵʱ򣬻ǰ̵ؼ֡Գơһ֪ĻѩƷ̵ꡰŵĵڶϰ壬Ҳǻƽǰĵ̹Ŵ󼪺 ڸһľ⻹жִţгĳ׵ϰ壬ҲϢڶɽһΪCORE SIDEĻѩƷꡣ
2һĻӣƾӵĻһʼͲ翴á
ƾ199812¸ӪƷ̫үһӳɻǰйض˻֮˵ֶߡ19981228գƾٿ߻һ顣꣬ҲǺھǰ¶ӡ20001£ƾӸȦĵӰվ档Ϥ˻۽϶࣬ƾ޷ϹʼոĲ͵ȵϰߣϡ
һ죬պøһϰ࣬ϢһʹӱȡһƿơƺһڣȻɳϣԼ½ŮѴ绰
Ȼˣ˲һϵԣһˡ
ˡˡȻˣһһ㶣˭ʱԼ
סɻ̬һŴ򿪣ſԼûıδ󺺡
ʲôˡ
һһŶģȴһһѿס֣һѸóһһӵ˹ȥ
һٴλָ֮ȴԼȻһƾɵĲַУԼֽŶסѲ¸һŻˣеﰡû˰
һţʱ򣬲ֿĹսǴ߹Żдˣ߹΢ЦſŸһЦøһеë
һͷĽкٺһЦ˵ѹ˰
һؿˣ˵㡭ʲôҡҿԸǮҪɱҡ
ȥģ
неС壬ҲүһپǮǻҪ𣿡
˵ţŻйЦ
ǡô
һ˵
ǣǲôǣٺ٣˵ҽӱȳ˵Ĳͬˣûȥݾƺȣ
Ц

һŵû겻壬λӢۣл˵л˵ǲҪ
ǣǰѾһӵϣĿӸһƴǸ޲
һ֮󣬽кļŻжʮֲмУôѹǸŻˣǿӣ֣
кһ
һŵüҪιȥ˴ϧûֻǸǿӵ˹Цһϵһһʱоһʹۡزҽһ˹ȥ
Уҽأôţ
Ʒ˻Եĸһһţм˵ղǸǿֻĴڲ໮һСӾιȥˣǸͷ
ȡˮŪһоԼ̫࣬˿
˸һÿӣȻضԸһ˵Ҫ㣬ղֻŻŻ㣡ʵĻٺ٣Ҳұ֤㻹ܱסǸڽӴ
һʱ¼ŻУﻹ˵æ˵λӢ뾡ܷԸֻҪֻҪģһ
Ǻãùɣ⿪
΢Ц
һŻǱϷһһļͱʣݸ⿪ĸһ˵ǩˣͿˣ
һſһļ󾪣ԭļȻһλߺתòƲļдŸһԸڷԺߣҽԼ;ƾӵķ޹ͬƲȫƾӡ
⡭ôУ̫ƽˣǲǸŮ˹ģ
һֱܻǰԼȨ
ٺ٣ͲҪˣ㲻ǩǲǣ
кٺһЦ¶ɱ
ҡҡ
һŽ¶ɱ⣬ٿŻеĻԲ˵Ǹǩ֡
ҡǩ
úǰһ˳ӵǩ֡
ã
п˿Эϸһǩ֣ٺһЦóһǹָŸһ
ʲô
һɵˡ
顱һǹ죬ӵӸһ߲ȻûѾһŵʺ̱ڵء
м˹Цл˻ϵļ˵СӣǸľ棬뿪֮󲻹ԹԵذ˵İ¶ҽͷӣұ֤һǹͻĶͷˣߣ
˵ţһڹŻдҡڵ뿪ˣֻɫҰ׵ĸһĬմˡ
Ժ󣬾ƾϢձұ׷ױ˳ձýڶ׷ײ²⣬ƾӾΪʲô飬ǿϧһ֪ϢƾҲٴʧǵУҲ֪ȥ


232 AVŮŷ
ʱھҪȥȪľƶȥš
ѡеȪɽׯֽʥظءдŵĴַǳĿھǰ˵ձֺʢУҺܶձԻдЩΪ١ǰĺΪС̬ԭȻҪȫֹʹú֡Աձܱ֮ȺӷͲʢȡ侫̬Ƿǳֵýġ
ȪɽׯƺܺãѵҲǴǰ̨ƯʽͷŮ˽̸
ľƶǰǺͷ̨СкȻʼ绰˵ܿ죬ھֻţӦǺĸͨҪԤȪƺЩС鷳ҪھԤĴȪʱκ񱻶˳ȥľƶǿƵҪ£Է˵OK
ھüҪƻĹأǹ˾ĺ飬ҪҲƻ˫õعϵ
ľƶæܷͣԸһеİŶҪ棬һжѭܲõָʾ
ھ˵ѭָʾǿԻһȪ
ľƶ˵ԲھҲͲ
ľƶǰ·ھм䣬ƮѩɽׯڣҲɫɫܰݻŵͷձŮĺͿʺãǰǵĿĵء
Ȫȷܴ󣬵ھʱ򣬻ΪԼһ޴ԡҡΧʽŵĵʯһЩʻɫֲװ磬ԵúȻ
ûʲô飬˾ȥˡľƶضھ˵λСձŮţкܶ಻ͬѰķ˵ֶΣԺúõһ¡
ھһϸȥձŮǰԼԼӲ̵ձAVŮŷ
ֻͷɵŸ٣糺ɫӣһõĺͷ۲Ӱ㽿˳ڴߵһƷ˿ҧڱݼ䣬¶һ񾱷ɣ˿ܹصھİ㹧˳
ô֣ĵӰھʣҲȻˡЩձɫǣƽʱҲһʹһЩĽĿЩavƬƲǻѵġǰܶŮǲμʲôƵģΪǮ
ô㻹𣿡
ľƶھŷͽʵԣھ⣬»avǣһ
ھ͵˵ͷ
ľƶٻھձŮú÷̣ҵĹǷƺʶľ壬ͷ¡
ľƶƮѩȥ
ùһ˫ʽľ죬ߵھߣϹҷ㡱˵ž͹ڵϰھЬȻǰ½ڼ䶯ᣬȴûдھκβλ
ھǰ˵ձŮȫȢֵŮˣͻᣬҪǻźϹ˿ҲԵĺ塣¹ʽķͲһŮġ
ǰAVھѵĵ׿ʱھ¶ǸҲʮ׳ľʱЩסˡ
󡭡
Ƿʱ뷨Ȼ˵ļͣôȴǵһμ
ھŷ˾ȣʮָˡ
Ȫˮʮȣһˬ
ھֻûѪͨëҲſںԴһ߶ȸպõʯϣȵˮͬŮϸ˫һ㣬ͣḧĦԼѾȪˮݵ΢΢ļ
ˮ߻ĸоô̲ס΢΢۾ȥѵõ⣬߷ʲô˿ûв
ɽţԭ˫Ŀ΢յھȻ˫ۣΪŵһϤŮ㡣
ڿƮȥͷķϴխСֺͿĶֿ㣬߽ˮУھǰ
¶ļˮУ¶Բεѩɽ壬ȵȪˮŮ˰ļȾһ˵ķۺɫ
ھھʯû˿ľٶ
Ҫƣ
Ů³öŮһۻ񼡣ˮеھͻȻоһӵﴦӿһ޷˲佫һֻ洫ݵȫÿһϸĳҲ֮ʼɧ
ϾһˣЦҲá
һİƣһձŮľ̷õȪԵ
ͷϵķѾʪɿں㷢Ȼ̬ŵظھ嵹ˮ
ձƣӦóһġ
۲תؿһھȻָƱݵھǰ
ھһЦӹƣһ£ڣʱȪиһ˵ˬ
ܲ
˵
ǾƲ˲
ӵ˳ؿھҪĻҿһЩķе˳ӳ˽ջһ˼̤Ȼ


233 ˷ϣ
ھʱҲ볢AVŮŵζȻŮ˾ɷ򣬻˰̲Լڣ°̣Ҳûɶ˵ǱˮУ򼦰͡
ˡ
ӦһһͷˮУʼع
avŮžǲƽڽļǸǵġ
ھоˬַˮУŷԴ
ľظھŴĶһﲻסˣ͸ˮϢһ£Ȫڽھǵһоܲ
ڣھòˣʯͷϣ⿪ֺͶֿ㣬Ҳʲôǰˣƣһͦ߱롰Ŷ
ͻĳʵʹƵĺһ˳ˡ
ްڷѨУоֺһѨ벻һɫƬ˾ɷŮȻô
ʵҲûɶΪĵƬŲҪرʱֻӣԷ滹ܽ
βһκ󣬻ڷȻղһ룬ھ̫󣬶ӱȽϽ˺ѰʹѾ÷üͷ죬ۡ
ھ֪ԼŪҲв̣ҴʱŮѾ˲٣ͣſڷϣʼסĸ
š
˳ƽס˷ỬӣھԲֻǴƬЮסĴĥͷû˽ȥߴӵ̴࣬ɨ
ھ༼εӣ㻬еĿУķģԼƲסأ˳Ĺ٣һ˿һ˿ĿСסӣھǰңֱӹͷǰŪ÷ϾӦӣ治֪úúøĴƬĥǸͷŪźأ
ֻŹĵ壬ҵĺı֮ǰˣȸձŪϴ֮ǰҪӯ使٣˿̶Ѿſ˶õ޺죬ͦڰ㾧Өĸ߷ͷһߣޱ۶ޱȵƮѩ׵ļȾ͸̺ɫϢ֮䣬͸۵գˮǽһߣĻ֮ȴˣټϷС΢ţ۵زסԼҲأ
ԭʵķھѰʪϢڵõһ㣻ھȴǿ뷨⸩ȥڷֻ֮䣬Ĺȼ
ޱȣڷϣ鹵ԭôеĵشڴ˿ѱշ˴״̬֮£ǴĸоҲھֻ¶ѣȥ̶̵Pѱµ鹵Ħ֮ɦĸоȴǸ
µУھҲʱΎŷ壬˵ĥĲݽڲǳܵԸдӵĦ£ǼдǱ̼һػǹģһĸŪǻ
۴ѨԽԽȣˮ֭ҲԽԽࡣѨýȣ̣ʪʪģ秲ƵʪѨ˿ϷİľްǱϸ۵Сͬʱܵ˱
ھеһƬȣݏȫѪҺһӿ꣬͵ζ
һᣬھ÷ѾӦˣٴιͦ𽥽ް롣
ھʼĶÿһε룬סСΨŪ˷
áðø硭㡭ĺúô󡭡šˡðҡ̫ϲϲˡ桭˰š
ھľްͷѨܵ໥ĥѹţͷ˰ĿУҵشͻȻھĸо۴ڼ۴ڽҧľްӡ
ǣһ
һ˵֡顢ᡢľްӷѨﴫ˳

ھشг
ӿĿЁȫÿϸʹ˸ǿҵ
ھôֽŷȰͦľްзš
۵ĴȱܵĹסھԳӭ|޶ȵ
ھĺˮϵĵڷϸۼϣŷӯ˫ȥ㺹ϣ龰̼
ʹھеȣ鲻Խĵͷȥ˱ŷʪ̵ͦ⡣
ھԵĸеʪĽ׳ʵ壬ţŤţ
֪УѨѾϤӦ˶ľްʹȻȥҲű仯
ǾްĴ׳;֮Ȱǲ˵ˣƫƫھоȴϾʩÿ³֮䣬ɽչţ۵Ļľת˲ˬȥģ֮䶯ȴ÷죬ݏÿë׶ڻÿ缡ڳȴûбȫʱǰȫ̱ľˡ
ŨȵķͺŪŵһ㣬Ȼңѷɵ⣬ҪϹȥ⻵ĵļһȴƫƫߣֻǱǿݏƵġ
ھֶλֹڴˣһͦ鶯һ߱ŷԲ޹ǵ㼡壬Ȫ߶š
š桭ĺðš̫ˡš
ھ߶ܿˣԭţھ߸ɱߣ㼤ңк֮䣬ѨͷӯӯᣬĴɽ£Ūͷ㡣
˼֮󣬷ɾ͸о߶֮ĺôˣھӿж䣬ԭֻ޵ؿĵľްһһµŪŷеĵشζĽ̲ס˿ڣ˳ھһ߶Ľٴ죬סڷиͳȥ
ټϱû֧ţĽֻܰצƵؽھϣ˫ֻסĲһ˫Ƚ䣬ѨǺ޷롣
ھ߶ı任֮£ÿһһϣ»ĵͷ˵ھ氮˫סԲΣв֮зִ磬ްĲڷĸоȴǱһһµͺһ㣬һһºݵģڷĴĥķ֡
ھֶôǿңһһѾˡ
۵ĻĴϮ÷һ㣬ھľްǰӲͦǹ⿿ްɽԲ֧סһ㣬˫ָǺͣЪڷظŪֶǻЧʮİŪ֮£ǳʢ͸˷ȫ¡
Ǹоʵ̫ˬĻȻң֪ѱȫռУѵͦҪĴϢһһؽĿִͳ֮߳£׷ףھ߶رеʱܰ硢ﲻݣ֫彻֮Һźˮ࣬ڵĿʪһ㡣
šˡˡ󡭡󼦰͸硭ҡҵ̫񡭡㡭
һĵĽУֻ߳ƶ˿ڸ߳Ȥļ֮£ǿлɽأ忪ȫըҲ޷ˡ
ƫƫѾ̱࣬ھֶΣҪʼأ
ڸ߳弤ãȻ֮Уֻ飬Ҳ޷֮жˣʲôͷãȻ֮Уֻƣھ֪Ӻζʥּһ㣬׷棬һܵⶼûС
ھָʾ֮£ɴϣ˫ס˫ȣѾһΣǳʪ󻬣κõʢѨ߸ߵͦȫһ¡ƾ׸ģ
ھԼأ˫ֳڷ࣬òŸչٹǾɵεļͦްһһֵ˽ȥٻ֮ʱĥ£Ū÷عⷵƵؽͻ


234 ˷У
ھǷһͦž޴ľްһ߸Vķ
ʱ˫§֫˫ճţֱͦĲֱţķĶͣҰڶţͷƮڴ󴲵ϡ
ֻ㺹΢죬ؽҧ촽ᶶżǱһǿײţﲨˮأ룬ǡ̲翵Ĵ󺣡
һУֵ¶Խǿҵķӳ
Դˣھеϲãѷƨɱøްø
ھٶȵļӿ죬ľްڷѸͣԽԽ֣ԽԽӲԽԽԽԽ
ÿһ¶ֱĹʹѨÿһ¶ֻͷڷѨڣԱһβĸȥʱȭ͵ʱĽװνڡ
ھԽԽԽԽˬ죬ͦŴ󼦰ڷһٿҵزĶȫͣĳ鴤ΣС
ѽҡ治ҡ治šϡϻˡšҡҶҪˡҪˡš
ͷɢҵɢڴϣ˫ۣ۽ǹžӨ飻˫ֽ§˫ȽļΧ
ھÿһεĲ붼ʹǰҵŤֵƨɣѩ׵ĴҲĶͣ¶ţĥʵš
ͻȻھĸоѨһľΣһ漴һɹճĴˮ֭ӿ˳Ĺͷϣʹ͵һ飬ްϳ鶯һ¡
ˬˣ
Ѩ˱Ĺͷ۴ڽҧľްӡݵʹˣ
ھⳡ԰ôް˶񣬴侫ĳ嶯ȥַز˽ȥ
ھĶһ½һ£ڷʪѨͷ赭дش๴ͣѶ˵ֱ棬ڱ֮жĿ㣬֮ѳ˶ھַĿҲ޷ׯˡ
ǿеĽһ޵ؿŪδɵѨһķӦھصȴţֱַ桢ȼָȼĵ㺹֮˿سţŲԷһ˵̢һֱȵ𣬽Ҳʼ䶯Ŭ˴ۡ
ֻھ˫ֱֳӸ߸̧ϥҲ˴ǹֻŷѨһ㣬ڷҪͦǳȵĵβصزϵصز壬⶯ܶʼرţڷʶ
ô͵һ֮£һ޷֮£һɱ˴ŮʱҪǿҵʹ纣һϮƫƫôǿҵĿ籩֮£ӿǿҵĿУת˲㽫ʹϴĸɸɾһͰ㣬һ˶㣬ĿۡݴͣҲ޷κηӦ
ǣھľްڷѨ￪ʼһּĳ塣һֻԾˮһ˫ĵŴ󴲵ϥǶŷƨɣĿ貿ȫݽ˫ȫھްϡ
ھ֫ҵŰڶ۳ƨһһ¡һǰһһһͦľްҲ͸ڷѨǳһµĿ顢һδεͲ塣
ھڷϣġܵġġҰķйʢ
һᡢһһ顢һʹͷްѨĽӴֿʼǵȫţšһһĺˣһĿһ˸߹һˡ
ھڴϢڵͺ𡭡
มรѽҡܡˡ
Сձ˻ѽҡҲܲˡ
ԽﵽϢĸ߳˫ȳŵøĲ롣ްٴοʼҳ壬ͷͣײڷӲӹϣʹоҪﵽࡣ
۾հϣüͷؽҧǿҵĿʹͣĵ΢΢ſ죬΢΢Ӻͣķ
ѸȼһѰǿҵĹƴĲʣȫȫǰδеĻ졣
ǿеǿҵǰδУȻңҪھˣڵĿͣӣС΢΢ĽҺ䲻Ѩйǰ㼲ȴҲǲڱֳȫȫĳ
˿̵ķѳ׳Լûֱӭƿɻĳ̣ȫעھްĿͳĴ䣬λ£޷ͦӭϣʵһһεͿ塣
ۺˣβȫϣ軨ĴδػȻȴ͵Ҫöֻ࣬ǿʹ֮£̫ңһСı޷ƣھ㼼浡ĸֻ֣ŮӸоʹˬɰɣ
ϰǿĳ𽥳ͷѨĽǶЩ΢֮£ҳܳλã⼸µػڷĴǰδеػδζֱﻨһһسڣһһؽϴ񣬵ʱߴˬʹޱȵĽûй׸
ھɻû㣬ֻ»Ķ졢أҰһرԾţ÷Ѩⲻס֭ⷭҺʹйֳ쵽˼Ļ䣬÷ֵغţֻ֪ʹӭϣġֻУȫȻ֪˼δ
⶯ػһδεطռģÿһε㶼һεĸʹ飬ζ֮ǿҿҰ˲ѣһ֮±ѷֻ¾Ů·漸֮ҲҪܲסӭ͡
ʲôˣһһж׵˾⣬ȫȻھֻ֪رʹţ׵⡢ƮƮɡҺۿ硢©ȫϣھʹޱȵؼ֡ˬ۶ˣ޷ڣֻſڽ࣬ȫȫȥܴѨﴫǿƥԳܵĿУ纣Хһһˢġ
ม
ȫֱβͦӭĳ塣
ڷϣھĶҲԽԽٶԽԽ죬ԽԽԽԽƺҪȫѨܵĿʹԽԽ
Ѩ¯ƵԽԽȣھֳִľްһ׵һ㣬ڷѨﴩͣÿһζ˷Ѩϵ⼱ľްʵĸĳ壬۴Ͳͣķ
ѨճҺԽӿԽ࣬ѨӲľް̵ĹͷڻǴ
ÿһγһճˮÿһβ붼÷ˮ䣬硣
ˮʪغͷ˳ǵëڷƨϣӵµĴ󴲵ʪ͸һƬ
มš
ھĳ壬ްİƤ۵˸ϣ뷹۴ճһӲҲ뷹ķճš۴ҲΪǿҵĳ嶯;ҵĥŪӳѪͣһճŨȵҺӿ
มҪҡˡҪҪ
ھͷǿײԵøΪ˷ܡܲˣβȴ̧ͦĹͷЩ̼ЩȻܣеĲΣľްĿУѸٵؽûˣӹѾɽ鱬ƵģĴˮ֭
ʱڿܵĿмУκζԥһһܡΪ˷ܵ˳УҪˡ
มˡҡܲˡáมˡม
ھľްͣѨתͷһδεײŷоŮȫеĵشʹȫ紥Ƶģ֡顢ᡢ۾ŤζŷVӣӸǡһ§ŷļ米һץ˴ͷĺţͷ򷹵ʩѹļн˴ȣĲţĶ
ม
ٴη΢΢ֱȣڶ֫Ȼѡ
Ĵˮ֭ѨľްӲÿһβ붼ﵽѨ
嵽ˡม
Ĵˮ֭ٶȵӿ˳ľްٶʪغ裬ʪ˷ƨɺͷµĴ󴲡ĳ鶯ӷڲϵӿȵĴˮ֭
ھĳŷѨĥŪŷ黨٣ȥٲȥٳ壬ѭ죬ͣ
รҲˡม
ŷѨӿһɹ̵Ĵˮ᷹֭۴ڲҷֿĴȶսȫµĶ¡
ٴһΣͦӭĳ塣ľްϵش̼ԸеشСմ˷Ĵˮ֭Ѿȫ׹̰Ԩľްÿһ²룬Ȳӭȥÿһϳ˫סľް
ָֻ޷ƵĽץͷס󴲰壬һͷҷҰڶһһŤšมҡˡ졭ˡ
̼ھȫ뷹СѾ˲᷹İһҲͣ
ھ¿һſڷϣɿƨֱסһ½Ƕȣ͵һݣ㿪ʼ˸ӷ񡢸ĳ̡
ʱĶǿҵĴ̼Ƶ¸һӿÿһεĲ붼ʹǰŤѩ׵ƨɣѩ׵˫ҲųĶͣ²ţÿһεӭͶǵںϣǡô
ٶȵԽ죬ǰϵķȾԽ󣬿оǿҡֻܱĽľްĿǿŤӡ
ม
ÿʱüͷĺ
ķӦ˫ְŷĴȸ͵Ľ࣬ǰŷӣȡʱ򣬾ʹľް޶ȵĳǰʱ򣬾͵ʹľްĲ
ĳٶȻֻҪһˣڷѹĴ̼޷Ƶķ
ءม
ӺͬһΣز˷İţΡΡĶų˷ܲѡ
ްĳ͹ͷҰײ÷ܡްʱȺʹ÷ѩҪڻĿУްĳ壬иӾҡ̡ȫ㺹죬˫ץסĸ첲ǵ鷿ԲԲһͣĶţĿвϮŷȫ֫ͬwսѣûеĸ֮߳УɢƵ̱
มҵѽҡҲˡม
ʹھ˵ƨ̸һ㡣
ʱ򣬷һСŮԹԵְŴ󴲱ߣƨɣҷֿھһֻֽס鷿һַֻŷβһοʼ˸ӷĳ塣ųٶȵļӿ죬¶ƿĻ
ھĸо޴ްĹᴩ֮£ĿָѸͣȫǺˮ鷿ʱ꣬ȫӲͦӾްܵѴﵽ˸߳Ѩľţˮ֭һһĹͷľް۴꣬ʪǵë˳غͷ黨ٵʯذϡ


235 ˷£
ھһţŪţǿйᴩȫߣľް뷹ѨΪһ壬۴ҧްĸӣĹͷĲ뷹ĹÿһγĳΣÿһβ룬ֱ巹Ĺ۴ҲľްĽһһϣһһķ
Ұ񡢳־õķԽ߷壡ھľްӼӲǴӴ׳鶯͡ԽԽԽԽԽԽٶԽԽ졭
֫ŤķԽԽ󣬷ƨ̵ԽԽͻѨҲ֮ھľްԽԽ۴ҲĦӺףУĴˮ֭ҲԽԽ࡭
ٴһΣͦӭĳ塣ľްϵش̼ԸеشСմ˷Ĵˮ֭Ѿȫ׹̰Ԩ
ھľްÿһ²룬Ȳӭȥÿһϳ˫סľްָֻ޷ƵĽץͷס󴲰壬һͷҷҰڶţһһŤšš
มҡˡ졭ˡ
ھʢﵽ˾ĸ߳һ±һ¿죬һ±һͣһ±һء
鰡尡ھĴϢԽԽأԽԽ١ϢСײƨɵžž;ްѨճһŮɪ¡
ھ´󴲣վڴ̤ϡɿֱסƨɵһ½ǶȡΪ÷ͻԱ롢ҵĲ룬˫ȸ߸̧ڼͷϡţ͵ǰһݣֿʼ˸ӷ񡢸ĳ̡
һΣھľްбţͷôδζŷѨǰ¡ģǵ㡣Ĺͷͣ̽뵽ӹʹüҪﵽࡣ
ھľްÿһβ붼ĶƤ϶һ壬ÿһγʹĶƤȥĶƤĳһδ¡һδΰݡȫ⵽ĸо۾ﲻĻð
ھ˫ֲͣŷѱӲԲ͵鷿ƺʧȥ֪һ΢ͣ΢΢ؿ죬ͣķˡҲˡมСˬˡ
ȫֱͦ
ھĸоǷ߳ʱ֢ף׳ֺֻҵץŴ󴲵มŪСˡ
ھ鶯ٶȽļӿˣļѹΪأִ⻬ľްͦѨÿһζֱ巹ģÿһ¶ȫѵ޷Ƶĵز
ʶ£㷢ľްΪᣬƨɿʼ°ڶĥСƤӭްĳ塣ŷİڶ鷿Ҳһǰһš
ھץס˷ⱻȵİڶʹްѨǰµĳšʱѾ޷ԼˣȫǿҵĿʴĻ̧βһһµķ׶š
СŪˡม
Ƿѩ׵壬ͣҡţֻͦʵ鷿ŪҡøС
ھ濪˫ȣΣ˫ּѹŷǻζľ飬ҲݺݵĳͶܷŪ
มҪ
˵ŲҪȴֳǰδеĻ䣬ҵסŪҡİڶĳ塣ݣ㺹ˡ
ʱӹڴһǿҵھľްĸĿдͷ_ȫͻȻһŨȵĴˮ֭Ĺͷϣʹһ͵Ĵһ飬͵һ飬Ĵˮ֭ľް˳
ھһγް˶񣬴侫ĳ嶯ȥϴ󴲣˸ƣһηڷϣһҵز˽ȥ
ھǿֿʹƷ衣㺹ܣھҵĶ£ָ߿߳ʹɼʵԸ߳٣ѵӭҵĳ塣һصĴϢްһαһε̣ӭ಻Ĵˮ֭Ǵ˷ѹȵ⣬޴Ĺͷϵײŷ۵ӹģѲܿԼ
ھľްԽԽӲԽԽ֣ٶԽԽ죬ԽԽأŷ߳ļ٣ֱ޷Ұ\ؼӿٶȣسʼһеùͷŷӹǷƾ漵ĵطȥ̣
ھǿҵĽ£ĶƮȻ۵ķԵÿεĲ붼˸ߵ۷壬ֻתлķݶĹȱĶ֭ˮ죬סھظ֮䣬ŵķǲãӿȪˮѽѩɽ˸ʪ͸ǰĲѻǰȣ絽˿У鲻Խ£ȴ֪ĵĶھΪˣͣܿǵһľΣ㸧ϸ߳Ŀ֣÷йй͸ˡ
ھȴûôձԭؿڵŷȣްȻ߳йĿͣ˫һѽ׼еԼ羱֮䣬ϰ΢΢ѹ÷ѩ̧øߣճ˫Ūŷʪʮ壬ްһߴչɲȡŷйһߺɵسֻڳ̵ľ䣬תĥ漼÷޽Уѹֲ֧
й㴭Ϣʱ䶼ûУھٽĺݺݳ壬ɵʱؼֶΣĥ÷ûַˡ֪ھҪһøնٴαɳǿҹƵȴϲͷû߳纣ХһһһĩƽϢһϮ
ãȻķץǸ߳ĸоκһܣһ͹ȥֻܰھǿ͵Ĺƣĵ׿ֵشгǰ˫屻ʱĿ⣬÷ӿ֣ĹȵвǾްסһ㲻ϷɣݷҪĹȵĽ㼡ȥĻȣҡ
ھľްһӧҶǹͻͻͻͻڷѨСӹس̡Ҳ֪˶೤ʱ䣬ľް鶯ʱͻȻڵӹһסľްͷ
ͬƵģھоԼ֫ǿҵľᴩȫڻ޿ľ߳Уɵʧܲˡ
ɶֹĿӿĺˣšţһ˼⣬һѹˮףһ㡢һˡһһɶֹĿи߳ڴﵽԶֹĶ塭ھͷԽڴﵽ˾ĸ߳
Ҫˡ춥춥ŶƨŶ
ھȵĽŷľް̼ŷġʱͦƨɣѨҲްĶľѨǿ͵ס͵ĹͷһɸȵĴˮ֭ӿӭͷĹͷϣһ̵Ŀһȫ
ھɵõһȸһ鴤ްէȻ󡪡ʼĳ̡ÿһγҪع׵βƿľް޶ȵĳ鵽ѨڣԱһβĸÿһβ룬ҪطͦСŷþеǰĹͷֱĹ޶ȵ뵽ӹʹѨ
̼ǣÿһβ룬ھҪѹͷĵڷӹĥʱ۴ڲҷֿĴȶսȫڶ£ˣʱķͷɢҡ죬˿üͷؽҧǿ⣬ͦ˫۽§֫еšȴšӭ侫
ȫھһڣǴִĹͷǶ˷ӹʱ͵Ľֱ˷䲡һมŶСҲˡҪˡ
ţһɹŨҵĴˮ֭ҵĴӷѨӿ
ھͷѴﵽ߷壡ͻȻļһ飬ţѪҺǧСߣٵҼ珡
ڣھ̲סˣҪ侫ˣһһɣͬĺˮ_բһһɹճľҺӸѹˮǹһˮǵľްＱ
ڡ
һھľҺһӹ
ھôһ֣һˬĵĽˮ˳ľھֱߵָ֮󿪣Ũ۵ȻйھҲһһͺŨƳҲѼƿпܷӹ
߳ķǵһ֮£ȫݽ˷ܵĳ鴤У˵µλȥ§ȥھҲû취ŨزĹȵȴǻȵਣֵؽȫľްסƺҪеÿһξҺÿһ㾫ȫٲһǰ㡣
һɲǼ䣬󱻵Ƶľ鴤˫ۡҧ촽ƺԳƵӭĿж֮ϴ񡣴ʱ˿̣ȻȻľ硣ھֻܱͦżȫľھްϣľް͹ͷ͵˼ޡĵŷӹڣꡢꡱļ紭Ϣš
侫ܸţȡҵžܵһɡһɡھʢľҺϵͬһֱֻֻ䷹о⾫Һȵ£ĳ֮飬籩ĳĽŷӹ
ھľҺ뷹ӹϡţȻֻ˷ӹʱ۴ڽҧľްĹĹͷӹ̇աľҺ
ˬˣӹĴҺƺҲ˸ϲáĸоѨھΡƨںͦ֫Ť˫ڳ鴤ڷĴڶ¡ȫ뼫ȿе֮С
תתʶתһжڣھĴһƬհסȫڼȵĿ֮Уʱ䡢˵ص㡢ѹµ漵ķһУƾްĴҰڷйй
ֱھ価һɣڵľҺӹ


236 ׼AV˾
ھ§ŷʼνձAV硣
ձŮ200лһλAVС㡱óһ۵ձܿ־ܿʱ־һλ»ɫ¼ҵʿĻ˵ձ15ŮйAVƬľ
ܿʱƣһλAV¼˾ְԱʾĿ͵гڣձAVгÿAVƬΪ35000Ļһ100AVAVÿ3000˼ˡޣٹձɫҵ˷ΪһƬAVӰڶң硣
ձһӰAV֮ʫֺ1982ġϴµİ15еҵAVʼˡͬʱŵǴAVAVǣԾաСԲϦӵȣAVAVʱ˾ƷձӰıشͳĳ̶ֳϣ1960֮ձӰжԵı˳Ӧ巢չ˼ҲΪӰʱҷչҪֶΡ
󣬳˵ӰݵĴС·¼ʣAVЩ¼ӰƬ롰ջɫƬͬǲָ糡ӳֻڼ˵ĹӰ󡣴ѧĽǶȶԣ˽ԡһʹʹAVԿԣȴӦ˺ʱŵ~ҵ͵ʵ֮г
гΪﾳ£ձAVչѸ٣´ҵŮ಻࣬³֡ͨ͡ļÿ200ŮУһ¹AVŮҵ𺳡֪ÿŮԶԴҵģԸҪҪгڵòģȵӾ硢ӰԱҪڡͨԱƴòǲģҪƴݼAVȻòӡŮκһҡһϡȱԴձ಻⣬ʵǣŮǶഺòȡԴ
Ը³˵ӰŮԣ󲿷ֶΪAV̵ܹʱͨòȡԴǮЩΪȣ׬ǮծӦѣЩǼͥԭܼͥЩ򵥴˽磬ŮСԲڸԣļͥһֺø٣Ҳһ֣QAVȤѾȥķҪΪͥòĸİ
ǳഺ¶ǶݵģŮˮŮţ󲿷Ůֻ23ĺù⾰ܿͻᱻȡܶŮŮŵĿľǽΪ壬֮תнȦйһЩԱǰƬһ񷹵תһȦԱҲɫ鹫˾ı޸صķչᣬ̨塢ӡȵزƷҵʵǣǰԾйˮ𣬶й̨ͬˡ
ձ岻ѹһһʵ׷󣬸ŮԸAVҵձAVгձAVҵѾϸֵͬƷһ죬гΪġɫҵһձõķչ˾޴Ӱ졣AVҵձѾһģĲҵ
ȻĻԲҵĻĳҲһּ ЦƶЦ潡塱ʱЩҲԵAVҵŮŷǵᱻָ˫գԽĽݾôԽԽԸأ
ΪˣձŻAVУ޵е¡ھͿʣAVûԼһҹ˾
ʲô
һ¡
ھʵڶ飬üͷûô
æ˵׵ġʵǵȻҪһҵûǮ------ھ۹һ
ϵ˶ΪAVϷ׬ܶǮʵ׬ÿ컨Ҳ죬ŮѵĶθԼҪǮɾ̲ס
˵Ļھ⣬ĳЩһнˮһǧʱһǧı׼нˮһʱˮ׼Ҳһڼû浽Ǯ
ձһAV
ھֱ˵ҲȦˡеϤ
شûԵŮˣʹھĻһЩʲôıЩ
˼-----ҪҰæ
ھһȻȻ˵ͷ
ʼĪΪҿ𣿡
ھѵԼҲԼ
ġæ֣ǰǶԲӿµƵھֱۻ
ҿúܺãҡǳϿҵ˵
ھ˵ûõģҪóʵ֤
һģš˵
Ǻãȴ¸˵һ£Ҫ߱
ھ˵
һش˵ȣǱҪԼƷƣƷƾҪԼŮš
һҵȻ֪ǺõŮȥңѵԼ𣿡
ھʵ
Ȼһкܶ಻ĺýãǶ԰æģҲԷµˣΪõķھЦЦ˵㶼񻹲վȽŲ𣿡
˿̷ʮֵȤһ˳̲ϵʣһƯŮȴػش𡣲֪ΪһʲôӦƸ
˼һ£ҿ̸һЩԼĸ𣿡
ھһ㶣ȻͷȻԡ
˵ʵƬʱŮŸûôܣʹġʹĪڱЩ
ھﲻһ
һŮҲϲƯпˣA~VƬĶּӷĿļһЩȻ͵θڣ˵ϴˡû취һеģͱҪѧܡŮŲףΪʲôݲһЩ˧ЩСӰ˵A~VӰǸ˿ģ˿ľŮ˵ĺòЩʲô¶ΪҲһҪľۼǿζЩŮҰޣѵͲϣһͯе빫ô
ķʣڳھ˼
йоϻŮ飬תػأʳɫҲżɽϲֱ⡣AVƬĿǰҪȺԣΪֳĻ漤~ɣŮ˼͵ĶνûҵǣдϵķܶŮ˿ЩģҲڳ֮СҪΪŮϵĲ졣
ڣԼȻҪձгչȭţͱʤ˵Ҳ޵
ھ˼ŵʱ򣬷˵ȻҲձA~VгѺ͹壬ŮҲߣӴеǱߡҾãǿԴŮԹڷ֣һʺŮ˹͵A~VƬҲжӴг룬վȽŸð취ھͷ˵ĺеҿ۵ȷֵ˼ܶΪĵӰֻձѣҪĿųԶһЩ̨壬ۣ¼£ǷЩǱڵĿͻȺû뵽ھûҪԶ㵵߳ձô
ھôûпǹ
ȷ----һ
ھȻһЦǮҪҸ٣˲ǹؼ룬飬㶼⡣
ˣû뵽ھôԼ
ǲ֪ǵĹ˾ʲôֺأ
ھһ˼ͽ----ȡȣ
һ㶡
ھЦ


237 ԭ㣨ϣ
ھ˷֮ҹʱֻصƵ꣬ȴھƵ׷￴һŮһװľɫŮ
ǡ
ھŮɻ˵
ãԭ㣬źġ
ԭ㹧˵
һЩ˸Ұŵġ
ھѾֲˣҲô࣬Ůв֮
ٺ٣ԭǰɣ㳤ôÿҿžĶ
ھ롣
ΪھձŮˣҪ㰡
ұűǰסḧ鷿ִ֮һã˫ЩĺЩĶʴſ飬һֱֻϸ֫һֻԲ̵βԲʮֱҼԡ
һУḧ˳ƿʼѡһ⿪Ŧۣ˵ģƵĴظϣŰɫϰΪ͸°Ϊ˿Ʊûм֣γ˼鹵ۣۡ˵鹵ףԼصĻƣǵССţһ˫ۺɫͷ¶˳ʱҵļͼٵɵɿֵİۣһ԰۷һµ˳ǰһͦɴ鷿еԣ̵ͦķۺɫ㣬ۺɫͷСӣһ㡣
ʵ̫ˣ⻬޳񾱣֬壬Өϸ壬磬⻬ָƨɣԼڿֵСҡֱһġ˹Ů
һ죬һ渧Ħ۰ϸҵ飬֣ᰴȥֵһֻưղסŪ鷿
ôץ˼ҵ˼ҵ̶챻ץˣ
۵к
ʱﻹԹԵļ顣
ŪüҵȨƼ֮ңʲôأ
ԭ촩һɫ˿֯ڿ㣬ĹĵİġءҰǿ㣬̹ı¶ҵǰҷҺ磬Өһһӳź͵ëֱ̫ˡ
СҸһС֬ʹ߸ʸͻԲ޳Ĵȣ̵úƵİһ㣬ް覴á޳ȵľͷȵм䣬һڵ۲ݳʵĸصġһСɽ泤ܵķݣֻЩݷǳۡҲָëĹ⻬ϸ壬˿һᣬһˣԭ㿰Ϊ˼ĽԼεʹ˺̾Ϊֹ
ҽѩ׻ԲȷֵֿմʪܵˮƬʺһһϵĶţϵӣСͬջֱٵڣѨһôСָſое۵pšҸеֶʪˣˮ治ѽҾʹļŪ٣ָȥֲغһ
ҵָϵЩͻСĦšƬɫСѱŪóʪϢ뿪ǴϢţһСС͹ˣִСʱһ˽
岢ʱӭҴ˵ĶڲĶš
ܡŪҡˡ滵
ԭ㱻ĵףеϮβͣŤͦŤţ˫ֽסҵͷϲõĽǴϢܲˡѽ㡭Һҡ
˵߿ҸþʪѨ⣬𾢵ļӽһһٶȣָڻĦ˵Ƭ̺ˮ·٣ŭǣѩĴŪʪġʱҲסȫȰѷ̧øߣСѨΪ͹Ҹ׵ѨæµţȻҲˣһֻĲиţеѽָᵯͷ˻Σۣ̫ˬˣеϰˣ֮ȥֻ̾Ϊβֻأ
һǰ׼е΢΢شҵѾʼеӲˣ˳ץסҵ̽ҵĿ¡һҿ﷢ӲĶСЩȥҰסţһ£ڷָſӸĦҵҲһΪҷЩ㣬ԭվŶЦЦ͹ǰĵϡȽ⿪ҵĿͳҵĴ󼦰ͣȻסҵŪֻŪֱվ
СҺú÷񡣡

ҵĻͿƤҪҧҵĹͷϵۣȻſӣСĺסϺ췢ĴͷŴͷͷҵĹͷĹﻬʱ㴽˱ҧͷŪҵļͣҲٶͦҵϣܸɵһ㣬ƨɼٵİڶҵļٳ壬ֻüǵùĹĵģҸɵȥˡ
ʱҲָ߸߾ŵƨɣƨɷǳҿŪƨʱͣŤ壬ʼնû뿪ҵļ͡㡭ӣССѨù񫡭
ҵļͱƷţֻһ̰ΧҵĹͷݣpĿɢȫ֫ٺ󼦰ͱ˱ŪüӲ¶ִޱȡ
ۿҪСҵĻȫˣҰ룺ģأǲ̫ˡУҪɱãأ
ǣҰסŬͷ˵ˣҪˡȥſӱϡƨɸ߸߾ţ
һſϣ¶ԸеƬ˵ΣѾȻ׼ҽҵĹҴӺĿˮմʪĲݼ۵ⶴ
มมˬมܡ졭˼ҵȲˡŶ
ԭ߿ؽšŮٻõأ־̲ס̰϶Ѹײڶٶȣⶴǿ˽ȥ̡һֱףͷסĻ


238 ԭ㣨У
ҾСѨůֽѨѼͰýδδСѨСֳֽ˶ļͣԲҲ벻СѨ۽Сղɧ͵ı飬̼ʹǣͲ嵽ס
˰ΣŽһۣİļ۴󡭡Ҳܲܵˡ͵һ嵽ס
ߡ˵ӶһҲûУֻ̼ңֻҸݵĸͬʱ˫סķ龡긧ʹԭĴ鷿ԵüͦСͷҲӲ綹
ѧŹ̬ٵǰڶβһһεײĻģʹ˫ץӣһͷ㷢ҺĴƮҡ˦ͷҵĶӴ硭ˬˬááӴŶม١ٿһ㡭硭ҡˡ
ұ硭ɵúˬðáҡҡ屬ҵСѨมมมมม
ģ϶ĽԽԽ˳
Сɧһ㰡һ㡭һɵˬ֪𡭡
ˡø硭ҡҡɱҵСѨðұɡúˬðԡĴ󼦰͡ȫزҡɷҡðð
κظСѨʱѨڵҲĶϵطţͷŮų˦
ʹţҵСǷۺⶴнÿһ¶÷˳ٵˮԡ͡ꡱ̲סֱٻʹʪһƬƨɺҿ貿ͣײţžžž
˼£ҵǰͣشţܲˣ㣬ø磬ҲˡҪˡ죬졭Ըһɣø磬㰡
żͲѨĽţɵŤӭţ˽ţѽĴͷ˼ҵĻˡŶʹӴҪˡม
һ̵ˮֱҸеͷˮһ͸̼ҵԭʼҲǳϧظͲݳ飬ĥġǳһҲ廨ȵʽŪĽ§ңֻǼͳʱˮ̡̡ڶ
е󼦰͵ĲѨ޵ĿУʹѴŤҡʱĽдมมġˡõܵܡˡߡߡҿҪˡҲˡӴ֡Ҫˡ
ҵŪͶȫһСѨھŲ˱ҵĴͷͻȻˮӿй޵泩еǲСѨĴ󼦰;μŵ㳦е޵֣˫ַڱȻǰͦţʱϰڿУȻҴӺ治ϵع  ҺˬҵСѨɡúˬҺˬҪˡ
ºǿҿƲסҪ侫ˣҲеҡɡҡ㡭Ǻǡҿˡˡ
硭䡭䡭ûûءϵȥ
ƺܲҵļǿϮ㣬ǿҵĲҲѰҲŲס˵أ顱һſһҲֻǼĴһŷҵĹͷڲƳڰšǣϡ˵ɾ
˦ͷſҵĹͷմľҺˮһɶҲץסŴ鷿һҵļָֻ˻ڼٵǣġ
һʱҸ˵ˣˬһΰɣ
˵Ҳ˼ͣվ
С̷ɡ
ҰӵվȻɳ£ĺ󱳿αϣӽԵơʱ˫ȷҷϣ´ԼŪƣһΣҴ¶ˮߵҪѣ˭֪һ壬ڵ䶯ƺҪҵļͲȥ
֪һҪֹΨң㡭壬̫¡ܲˡ


239 ԭ㣨)
ղŵһ֪ҿɲۺô򷢵ģ㺹죬ڽŲһӣԵøˡˣ̼ң
ϵ׶͸ļһ覴ÿһϺõ͸СɶǷĺ촽ֱſţǺƵģҧһڡ
۵Ĳӣƽϸ۵СԲ޳ĴȣͦķΣ͹ȳƵģԼǵشصɽеĹȣһŮͼһθ϶ѪͣԶ֣
ţ˫סʵӲͦĴ󼦰ֱСѨ󡱵һˮʪֱûס
มôมͱһม
խѨҳſȵĽܵİΧš˫סĴ鷿ࡢִꡢŤģʼ壬ҲŤǹ⻬ѩ׵ķšԶ㣬סҵͻӭյøСԼ߳Ҳʱβҡڼ£ʹͷڻĥһ
ȴܹ˴ֳ׳˶ļ͡ɣͲͳˬ÷ڡ㷢ҷɡܾ˽ţมมܲ
һֵĳ̧ţ屻ҸɣĽǶȸıøխҲøˡʱԭѱҲȣðǣмһ͸ɲϢ˲ţҧ촽¶һּ泩顣ͷ£ǳǳĲͣ塣غݳͲ壬ȻţȻޱȵس̣มมҵȷ¡ܲҵСѨҪ塡㡭ҰѽɧʹҸ壬ƺҪ崩˵СѨŸģͷɢ˿ȫ泩ޱȣ㺹ˮŪʪһƬ
มมûŮˡҿ桭ˡӴѽ
˵߿ӭֵһ궼ˣԽӵþ̵Ͳ壡
ֱֱ䣬һ㣬Ļϣͣͣ
ĳ಻ϡСѨųĽ࣬һһˮһطģ˳ԭ۵ƨڵϡ
һС΢΢ţڴڵĴŴ̬òšЪ˹һţ̺죬ѾˮֱðҲҡڡͦߣ˵ĳ壬С裬нġžž

һй̱ϣҵĴ󼦰ޱ泩ͻȻˣʹܣ˫̧ȸżϣһֵķ£ʹСѨͻͦø̣֮ס󼦰Ͷ׼СѨз͵һ嵽ףٴκݺݵؽԭֱӹȻͿʼǰ͡һһʹĴ̣ɧѨ
һ߳ţһ߸ӷͻ̡Ͳͳ飬ġϺƳֻͦมมô̼มŶˡ˰ҵܵҵĽ糱ѹùͷpܣһˬͷʹˬĹ壬ٶˮ
มء˰ม
ø硭һ㡭õѨมáѽѽˬˡͣ
ţɧʵڡšܲխůม˳ѽ
ø硭кá㡭СѨҪ㡭ˡมҪۡѽšļͺôѽͲĺˬѽ
มĶš治ͨĽ㻹ܾû˲١มѨ˰ɡร
УҵĴ󼦰ͳšԭȵѨﷴ壬۾ͶԼ϶СһӽȥһӳͷԽԽȣðˮҲԽԽ࣬ҺҺһ㾧͸ԭĸγһ㣬ƷĤһ㡣Ҳȣһγؼ  ѽҡҰɡʵˡʵܲˡʵ̫ˡҹˡ㡭ġҡˡӴҵͣسͣԭڵһѶľͷҸеԼ˶ĹͷѵӹϡܼٵĳͷһһµײӹڹԭӹڡһӾͽͷӹڣԭ㱻ҳòϷ˺ߺߣҲӭҵĳ͡ʱҸеӹҲҵĹͷ䶯ţ֪Ĵ̼ԭĸ߳ӹڳѾ
Ƭ֮𽥼˶ѽӽ߷壬ԭ㣬һǿˣ͵סҵѸ͹ƣײһ͹һΣһӿӿӹڱһסͷţͬʱͦʹԷֳȫûԲ޳ȣסҵ
ã㡭һ£ҿҪйˡ
֪Ҫﵽ߳ˣֻѷƴͦŤӭĳ̣ʹڹʹѨһһŵ˱Ŵ󼦰͡
Ҫˡ
ҡҲҪйˡ
͵һΣرסҵ̵ˮһйעҾԭһŪ־һ䣬پͷһȣһˬֱ͸ĵףһ飬̼䣬͵طϣסļȫսѹԭ㣬һɰɫճҺҵԭ

ҳһҽף˫ֽ׽ƨɣòдҳ͡ŴʹҲҴУ΢죺มมมҲˡ˵˾̱ϡסƨɿʼΣĿһϯȫе廬ȵסԼĴСѨĻһһϵ˱ԼĴͷԭҲһδﵽ˸߳
޷ݵĿСݡĴ̵ľҺְСѨŮޱȵĿг˺ܾúܾáȵȫҲŽγ§ɳϢɳ϶ͣ˫ȴƲţҸɵͨģضſţԶϲһ
ұۻζһڻصĿУһץʱѪϵ鷿һִƨ档ҿҪ̱ˣ·ʱֻڻİҺɫĽһ
·Ҷ˵Һ⣬һã´Ҫʱϵ
ǿվǿ񽿵εεЦ˵ܣͰҿ챻ˡҴûˬû۶йһҪллһһأܴӦ𣿡
û⣡СԹԣὲҿϲˣҪҪᣬ᲻뿪СɧѨҿᣬٺ档
һ˵ţ̲סķ
һһҪס˫ȶ治ˣҰɣһ
ԭ˵š
УҸɲ㣬¾ͲҪˣ
֪ҾϲŮ˸ɵҪҪԽҾԽ˷ܣ뵽Сʱֿ֮ԸŮ̲ס˷ܣ˷ܵ϶ֱƽʱڼʱ˵㣬ϰֵȨʹҲҵЩãƾʲô̸˵ǿӲԭ㲻˵ģҾ㿪ɡ
ԣŹһҺ»֤
˵꣬Ҵ·ڴϢԭϴϢ׼Ӧһֵıꡣ


240 ÷
ھԼϴԺ󣬽䣬ͿԭɧŮ˳ſҵĴϣϴĳ켡͸죬Ըȥ·˴
Ҳղ̫ˣ˯˿֪ҪˣȻһ֣
촽ҧסԭʵͷֲͣԭ崦ĥҺֽҵŪʪˣټһΰɡֻʵ̫ѵҾǷǳġҲ˿ϢĻᣬҵĿʼķ飬ʹʹЦҶˣҺ㡣
ң
һ߼һָŴ󼦰˵š
ûҶҪ
ߵ˵
ǾͲ˵ϻˣͿʼ㣡
ſڴϣʹӰƨмþȫ´̣ҵĴĴƨ⣬ÿһ¶žžžľ죬ҶðݽȥȻ޷룬ǹͷܸ̼ڣŮ˫鼰ĥŴ֮£ˬĲȻһ͸߳ŪʪһƬะˬมҪŶ
ˬģػԶн
ҵ߱ЮסĿУŤƨɽ˼£ֻžӨˮͷѨʱҿٵزȶ֭СѨͷѺӹת˼£ȻظκҲ̲סѨתӹʱҲ߳ءء
ˮתɵˮ⣬ҺɫˣǸд컴ɫҲܰѳ֣Һݺݵǰһž𣡡
ײ
ɵ򥣬ü³һšġһܲ˵ġӹᡭҺصھɺֵӣͷصعҺ⡣ǱͷֵֻײϷؿҪŮڹڳӹʱڹܻĳһɵ岻ǰ㡣
šѽp顭źߺˬء
ҿԼմҺѨ˳󻬣ƹյ⣬һС
һ鷿һ࣬ķβײԼСžž
ұһɫ룬ԵԸжҷſ鷿ֶʱػǿź룬ʼҵس
֮ȼţܿ϶ʼð顣ҵĴӲ룬Լ󻬵Եֲܹסһһĸо㱣Ӻߺ߲ϣ鷿ҵײһǰһ׶໥Ħţǳ̼ĺѹֲסš
ӣˬʹУҪߺ󡣡
Ȼּӿٶȣҵͦ
ҵٶԽԽ죬ԽԽֻڳѾŲסԼ壬ֱ⿿ڴ֧ţ弸ſţ鷿ʱײϡͷԼֱм䣬һͱ̧󽿴ҿԼ±ɵ鲻ԽģԼǿ׳ͣԽץס鷿ĽˡȣֶѾǴ죬鷿ӻ֣죬ơԽԽݵͱԼӹ֪Ѿ쵽ˣúֺһԼң𼹱ʼŶܡ㡭ҡ졭첻ˡ
ӲúߡܲˡϢţ̧°ͣ۾죬תͷҿԵɧƴذڶ̣˸߳ޣȫëϸ׶ſ۵ľʧȥ˿ƣҴһۻڵľҺȫۡĽɫҺӹ档
ҵĸɹѵ̱˴ϡ
㷢ĴһߣҵָֻǻԲеԵβеԣָʵ̫˵ģŮ˵ƨҲ٣ݵֵģСģβȴͲѣƨһû׸⣬ּ̣ڳԵָй⻬еԡڷϷӺ濴ڹɹֵľС̷ľջˡ
˿ĭΪ˿ĸ˫һһֿɣһľջڳҵǰһȦȦ·мԵչɫʵɫܻżëʳָһ£Ŷջֱ󺣲һš
һŮƨſҵǰܲˡҰ߼þջھЩҵָƽһָڣտڵڱڽļҧסҵָҵָʹڲ룬ֱָû롣ۣжϵҲŮ壬ֱʹħĽŶ۽ͣһ£ҵָĸһͣ˴ԼʮӣĸҵĳӦָطҲһЩûиտʼ۽ˡ
˶ˣҪˡ
аָż˵ɾ
ʹޱԭֻǿٴҵļšڼʵƬ̾ͰҵļŪִӲ¶һˣʽʼˣ
ۣӣǷɣӽһˬ
ˣƨſãҪˡ׼ôͰɣ
ıƣ˼Һľջϣ˫ַסԭ裬Ĵָ̧ʪܵĴ󼦰ͣѹ̵ĹͷԭĸſڣС쵰Ĺͷڸſͻ˰죬ڶˣһʹˡһڰѹͷԭĸؿڣһӼеĽģˬҲй
ɲɣûʼأǾһƶҵβҵֱһ̵ֽܹͦĸݡ
ȥʱſһȦ⣬Լܲͻƣһͷ뵽ֱԺ󣬾ȫûеֿ˳ֱ롣ŶڵһȦԼˣ˵ļͻṿӲֱĸصҪխ̵ǻİҵƵֲйҶ˶ʹƽһֱͻĸڵˣĸصĺóý
һ˫ַסѩ׵ƨɣԭĸصڳ
ɴһץסԭĳһԱ廨ĶŮҵ϶ĸڽţץסƵǰҲʱ̽ǰǶԼͦ鷿ȴֻĬĬܣ̫ˬζʵ̫ˣƥġϣﵽ˸߳һһʹҵԭĸƵĳ롣ĸֱֻȫûζֻǾҼҵĻ˶֮󣬹˲ٿԸſżᡰۡķųĿڷƨһĺ档
żͣùɵƲĺͥһ߲ٻһ߰ǰţҪˡˡƨɿѵ
ҵļԽԽ˷ܡЩЩסĥ󣬹ͷסǿҵĴ̼ܿ߳ĵ߷塣ֽխֹȵĸصڳ˶ٶԺҪйʶĽסĳ϶Ĳŵľͷͷһһţ϶ֱ³Ĺ̵ľҺۡȫƨ档
оҵ𽥱ԭľջ˳ַ㷢ҵս¶Ų΢΢ŵķ۵ĴƨϣĸűҸɵֺףûҵĴڸѣ׵ĸؿҲһʱ޷պϣſԲʴһڶһɴ׵Һƨﻺ˳һľɫ


241 ˲Ծգϣ
ڶ磬Ѷ˾ձܲ
һͯվŮ߽ھңŮ˲ǱˣձͯվŮŲԾա
ϰ壬ҪĲԾСˡ
΢ЦŶھ˵
š֪ˣȥɡ
ھ΢ЦձʱȥǩԼԾգڵˡ
ԾյļҾƶԵѶ˾ҵ߼ҪǩԼʱܿʹӦˣձԿţԾҲǱ
ʱھʱһߺȾƣĲԾգʱʮ꣬һԱľѾʮֿɹۡ
ܾ΢ЦҪ˯֪𣿡
֪ģ
Ծյͷ
ھƱʣµʿȫԼϣȻԲԾ˵ҰѾˮɾ
Ծ΢ЦŶͷʳھߡ
ŶӴ
ھֻ泩ؽ˳ޱͲԾս⿪ھһͷھһͷֻھ÷·Ҫˡ
ô󰡣Һϲ
Ծ˼Цһѽ˱
áԡ
ھĲؽг
Ծսߺͣĳ鶯ţͬʱŰ͹ͷ޴Ĺͷÿζ˿öĺͲƴİھֱھҲʼĶӭŲԾյĴͬʱָźޱͲԾյͲ
ԾΪھʮӣھеˣҪɧ£
Ծ˳ӵؽ˳ھһѽԾ§סͽǽߣһ˺Ծյѧ˺ʱԾյֻʣһۺɫСˡ
ھһѽһʱСͷ¶˳ھһѽԾȹһᣬ澹Ȼûдڿ㣬ںڵ֮¶˳ھһѽԾյһԼϣҪվԾҲֱסھȴ
ھɷ˵߶ڲԾյɧѨǰֻѾʼˮˣͬʱޱͲԾҲߵھ촽ھĺ󱳺ͺ󾢣鷿ΪھơɧҸ㣡
ھһ䣬һ˲Ծյ塣
ۡ
Ծղؽһʱھ߲Žȥһ㣬ھʱܵǿҵĽպȸУȷʵֻдŮӵеھҲʲôϧ񣬶ձŮ˲ôʹһͻΧӲͱ˲ԾյĴŮĤ
۰
Ծղؿ˳ţھʱѾմ˲ԾյĴŮѪٲҺھô󻬣鶯þȫڲԾյɧĽȫ˼ԾǷܵˡ
۰۰öˡ㡭١ŹҰɡһɡ㡭˼Ūúۡˡ
Ծտ޽е崫ľʹھǿҹѾʹĳһС
ʱھ󺹣崫УеĿиǿޱȣһץסԾյĴ鷿ƴţֱŤΡ
ھЦСձҲн졭ǡǵŮҲҪҲҪӸɡġӽҪձ㲻Եǧ𡭡㲻ͯվ𡭡Ҫй鷨𡭡ҪйĲҶ𡭡㲻Ǻܳ𡭡졭ӷʶҵ
˵˶ĸˡ


242 ˲ԾգУ
Ծղھ˵ʲôʱѾϾȥˣھ߲ϽƴСѨѰ֣ʱѾʹ࣬ŮĿѾʼչ˳ҧ§ھе١ҡġĺšˬ١ˡҰ㡭㡭ĴߡáҺˬ
ھд֣һ߸ضţһ˵ԾС˵˵Ҹɵˬˬ
ˬˡ̫ˬˡð
Ծʧشе
˵˵ձǲǶǼձŮ˶뱻ǡй˿١Զǡ¼µȵ塭ԶԶй˵ū
ھе
ǡձǸ߹ġ߹Ĵ塭ǡߵȵ塭йˡйǶǲ򡭡ǡ֧ˡ
˸£Ƿ
ھ˵ţһ֣žһ˲ԾһƣʹȫƴŲԾա
Ծմ˽Уˬ
ھ˫ŲԾյһԴ鷿ȵ˵˵ձ˶ǹǼŮ˶ñй˲٣ҲǳԶ¼µȵ塭ձñ˻˵Ȼ˳ĵ¼ɧ£Ҳˡ
˵˵ǡձ˶ǡǼǹǵŮˡŮ˶ñй˲١ǸҡҲԾҲǡҲǳԶ¼µȵ塭ǡձˡձáñ졭˵ˡ㡭춯ҡʪˡʪˡйˡˡ
ԾմеҺˮڵϣܿ;ۼһơ
ģǼ
ھˮƴسţԾڼҵĻӦţž޴ڰвϻζˮֱ֮չֵޱʵ
ڣھе˶壬þ͵س̡
ˣ
һǿҵĿдھһɣһ̵ͦŨһβٵ˲ԾյɧѨŽ˳ԾաĽһһ˵ϡ
ߣû
ھȥѲԾհɳϣһںס˶ѩ׵ֱ˱ҧѩ׸ʵֱغУţţ˱ţֱҧţ޵ĲԾ͵ؽͷȥ˫ֽ§סͷ·ҪԼ֮УƯŤţʹ裬ޱĿУ鷿ȫÿһط
١㡭ҡɡĴҵġҵСѨСС
ԾտнʱСɵ΢ŵӣݷʮּһ㣬ļϸϸĺ飬ԵþӨϸ߰ڶӭھİԲֱ޳ȣһһϵĻвƺĿС


243 ˲Ծգ£
һʧڰ֮ĲԾŽӵʵڶСѪĸо̤ʵҸձŮ˶ԵĵԹտͼįͷųɧͿڴҲʼɧ࣬糺죬΢΢ˮĹŢɵɳϣֿѩ׵ȣھܸӷ롣
޿̵ھͦӲȻƲɵ̬һ嵽׵һν˲ԾյĹȣոĲԾһʱ֮޷ھȻףΣʹĺУѹϵھ¡
һʰھôô׵ķأǲ֪صĻױȵȻ޼ɵ̢ŲԾտտԹĹȡ
Ӧ,ྡĲԾգ§סھĻ,׾ؿʼӭھѣĵĿȫˮķŰȻ飬΢ԵýޱȡƵڡ˿㷢衢㺹ȼʹ¶ɧ̬СΰĴážž죬صĴϢƮƮɣ
ھӿͦٶȣԾյĺҲ߰ĽΪִķĹȣҾ޴Ĺͷÿһ¶ضĻϣ˽ܲˡ̫ˡơˡҰ㡭١ҲˡˡҲˡˡ
Ȼ˵жȴĻ෴̧˫ȣھϣʱͦѨھĸ롣
ھ߸ɱߴеձŮ˾ˬﲻ֪ܵСա
ھô࣬Ƶİȫе壬񱩰ĳ磬ֱģîʼͲκδϢĻᡣ
١㡭ˡеˡ㡭ҸɵġɵġááҡҪˡáá١㡭Сϵۡ㡭ˡ塭ҵˡϵۡǡ𡭡áá١Ϲ֡ԡáҡҺÿ֡áҵ塭ҵġҵɧ¡󼦰͡ɵġɵҺáҡˡˡˡϲ١㡭ҵˡҡҡáԺ󡭡ֻֻ㡭ֻԡáҡҺÿ֡á١㡭ҡƬɡҡֻҡˡҪҪˡҵɧѨˡˡɧѨˬ
Ծմ˽УѲ֪ںδ
Ծսץסھı۰򣬵塣չҵⲫԾղ֪й˼ȴȻҡӭ֪ƣ롣˵ĺˮɺӣɳʪƬ


244 AVŮ壨1
 󣩳ʹùˮ Shimizu YukaMutou RanձavŮţձ󻭣ձץȣmaedamodels¡2002깲212AVƷУü˹¼֤Ϊһ֮۳ɫӰƬŮԱƬ˾¼ͷӵߣ2003Ǵ¼ĳ304AVƷAVƷ¼ıߡڸϢӰƬ˾δµ¼֤ڴ516AVƷҲձAVʷϵ߼¼ǸձǣְҵΪ˲ݵģ֪FF7еCOSҲȽϾ.ھԲԾŮȻ뷿УҵҲˡŮȻǷǳԸھŮ˵ġ
ھ§סĲСоʱ˫ֿʼ·ס鷿ţСˣĻƾİԼϵߣھȹڣԲŮϢβ͸˿ഫƤУоΪ˷ܡ
ʼ˷ܣھɧŪڲ࣬ڿ֭ߴ˵ܣû׷ңҶûϹ㡭
ھ˷ܵ˵СҵĴ󼦰οɡ
ʺӣСھĿĴţ촽ھ촽ϡӴĶȻĶ촽ýӲھֻС촽ֱʪ󣬻еԣһҧһڵĳ嶯С㣬һνӴŮ˵Ĵζʵھ˷ܡ
ܣ㽫ͷС~
ſϮ˵ӣС죬۵޹ǵķ۱§ھĲϡھĺ촽Ȼů㡢ʪҺķСھͷǰתʱʱʪͷһһھоͷе飬մĶȴھĴ򶯣ھĿǻ򶯣ھҵػӦСİĶҵؽšĺھͷ׷ޱȵĿУ˱ԷеҺھס۵Ķ࣬缢ƿʵ˱ھҺƵʳϵĽҺڴڵ˸СĿյýģϸշ̷ɺ죬ԽԽأ۽ھøھʼԸеСͦͦıǹĹĵһԺظĥѡ
ҡҷס̰˱ʪ۵࣬ʳϵĽҺǺ޲ýСĶ⽫ظСǹĹĵĸеԵŮ弫ѹšŪĻңȷͬʱھӲ϶һץͣꡣѾǻǣȫɧܣٱѧİеڸʪˣҺȱʱֻҪھֳӲܺݺݵİЯ߸ɧ¡ʱھ޷ԱܣǿɢŮ㣬չ㣬ıӣ޹ʹھǷ촽ͷСϵÿһ缡١
СT棬ס鷿һ֮󣬾ò񫣬ְTץ޷һյŷ飬񱩵ĴץСıƶСϸΣ쵽СĴḧţеСһƤϸۡڴһĶȹڡǿڿ졣ԭѷĳ֣
ıƬմҺŨܵëѾʪܣھֲëָڲˡָϲһļС¡Ķ󵨶ͷھܵؽＤҵؽ·ĻǶҪһͬʱ̧ȣھԼĥĴȡ͵ڲϸӿСǲ˵һ仰˵ĺԽԽ١ԽԽҡ
ھʼ·ť䣬¶ɫֺѩ׵鹵غִܴΧ˶鷿ԲѾɼˡϸһ㿴ǰͨ˿ֺ棬ĺɫԼ͹ǶԼͦ鷿΢ͻͷԵ޷ء


245 AVŮ壨2
һԴѹھͷھ鹵ھͷȥ鹵ֱͷͷסھ˱ȫͷھ÷ӲͣھȥһͷĴְֻھԽԽ𾢣ǿŤ֫еԽԽھȹӾ䣬ֻСһϸСȫ͸ǿ㣬ǿֻסм죬ëӿ©˳ϹĹĵģͷ͸͸ǿ㣬ĿëֺŨƬϺĴ΢΢ֿЩٵˮ˳ҲˡھʱȫȣڸľͺҪֹͣƵġҲš˷ܶӼ١ַСƨϣСѩ׵˿ƿڿ㸧ԴѾġɫǵ׿㣬ˮʪ͸ھĵ׿һһŨܵĺǳھǰëָܶ࣬Сë˶ҪʪܵëѰҵڡ
ķֿ˫¶ָֿմ֭Լĳܲȫر¶ھ۾£̲סҵСƯ𣿡СɡܣûССʪˡΪҪļӲļ͸ˡô졭֭Ҫ˱𡭡ͷȥ졭ͷ򡭡ÿƶھ϶ȥʪھǰھϸС¶ֻһƬëŨںڵëСͷͻ¡ܡ
Сɡھе֪ھȫǿҵĿмʹԣİҷֿòָڳѪ꣬ȻŤƨɡھĿڱѹǻ֬ѷϣŵһŨŨɧζǰ۵⣬źӣӣγƻھ̰ĽϣŮţڳĴ֮㣬ǿҼھԳ嶯ھסСĴȸͬʱŪ͵ˣҧţ촽˱ʪȻʪϸٰС棬¹Χ⣬౵ȡ֭ھҴ̼ĿڽϴĴ󶯣ƨɲϵֻ꣬ѩ׵Ĵ鷿ҵĻζﲻס˽УβŬѹھͷҵšȻйˣȫҵĲͳ鴤УͣɫҺȫھųˡ
ǿҵĿмʹԣ׵Ŀھʣƨǰͦھǰķֿ˫¶òָʪŨܵëֿմ֭ѷۺɫչ¶ھǰŨܵҺھĶϺ͵̺ϡɧ˵ǰҡڣŤƨɣˣģ¶ھǰ̫ˡܡСɧ¡졭С̲סˡϡ
ھ°ϣھסͦļͣûȵСȥھӹùͷ졣ھ˫ֽС鷿۾עϵĲλǿҵƨɽȥʱҵġ֨ھļͽСĴŮĤüͷһ壬ű۾»׵ʹ˷ܵȫ
ִھļϣʼƶ壬ȻͽѨھҲСĶͦƨɣʹÿһεĽϣСĻġھһ߸ţһִС鷿šͷŪ߳ͦͷµĿ໥弤ţʹ״̬ʱھַСβһ߸һ߰Сӿ춯ˌ½ĽھĴ󼦰ͼסÿײһھС˽Уһ˷ܣˡ֮һpдβ׵ӿҡܲˡССมҪˡھҲСĶ°ڶƨɣͬʱ֪Ҫﵽ㣬ӿǿҵĿС
ûϵɡܡ졭졭С졭ľҺ䵽СɡСˡมˡһ£һӹȥ⵽ҺĳҲ˷֭ҺҺšܡˡมˡ
еھȫҺ䵽ӹĶҲϰﵽԸ߳ӵһ𣬻ว壬ںھ׵С黳
ܵÿȥÿ죬˵һθֻ߳ھߣľȡ𣬲ĥĵھߣھʼзӦɴֱߵĽǶȽɳ״Ӳаˡųˮ׼ھֿȣϣȻ鷿ھߡھ鹵ȹ㳦˫̼йһ̲ĻҲ̫񫡣ǶԴɰھߣס鹵֭ͣԱеͻϳԼմԼҺĨԼ鷿ϣҺ鷿մھСѡ


246 AVŮ壨3
ھٽ߷Ż鹵˫ֽмһƣھʪܵ߼סھˡ߱һԽԽӲʮ״̬͵Ĺͷ鷿ĦǿҵĿʹھ侫ĳ嶯ŶСҪˣ
ھͷʶأץסСͷͦƨɣͻȻ岻زеҾҵȾʼڣѰͻƿڡˣСҪˣมˡ
ھ١ھ̲סˣƨ鹵̼ΣһɣͿʼ侫ˡ
ŨȵľҺʱͬɽ鱬ӿֱϡʵھľҺԸŹκһΡھסؾţҺһһĿ䡣ΪӵľҺſޣ˵Ķ࣬Ȼȫȥ˲侫Һͷͷ۾ӣȻȥܵҺϴ¶ı飬ӣھ嶯սѹ޵Ħ
Ҳĳ嶯ھϷļѹĦ
̫ˡ
˵꣬ѹͷ￪ʼ˱
˱ϾǮۺھȻողйǾС˱Ĵ̼ĸ׵øӲѾɱս״̬˫ְھͷҺѹͷ˱ҲڽҺͬʱ˫ִӲһĸĦһץҴ࣬Ҳ¶ı顣
ſھ£ɷ˵ץھ̣̣캬ס˱ͷڹͷ򶯣ľҺСѩ׷ƨ߸𣬰ȫչ¶ҵǰھԸů˫סѾӲɢҵͷŽСԼľ޴ڰ˱ݣ¶ȣͷƵĸоı飬ɢҵͷŤ֫Ů˵Ըģ쳣׽סСͷסͷ˵СãСѽ
ƨ˷ܵͦ²ؽ졣ģֻܷھƨ˷ܵͦ²ؽͷҺŪ춼ǡҵ˱ھĲӲͦͷڹͷ򶯡͸Һϵشӹͷ˱ܴ䡣ֽסĸͬʱŪ͵ĶھǿҵĴ̼˷ܵıھƨɣڲøߵļͣеĴкھζͬʱͷ
ܵľٶԼĴ̼Уʹھɷ˫պͱĦٰ˱
มСС
Ĵڿ˱Уʹھ̲סŤƨɡסһ±ھʼô̼С뵽ԼСʱҪȥС̫ˡС
ɿڽǿҿУʹھķӦȫӲĲšܵļóԣ
૵˵ͷ˱ŶСҺˬมٵ˵ţֻ֪ƨɵͦԽԽ졣ĶҲӿ࣬ھĶ˱ھߣ·ڴߴھŶҿ첻ˣСŪҡҪˡ
ҪըļͣʪʪȵĿǻΧھ̲ס˷ܵûйϵСȫȥСɡ
ҪԵƵģͷȻеѣǿʼǰڶ͵ĹͷͺĦǿҵĿʹھ侫ĳ嶯ŶСҪˣܵͷʶأץסСͷͦƨɣǿСͷԼƨ˶ͻȻ岻زеҾҵȾʼڣѰͻƿڡˣСҪˣมˡ
ھ١ھ̲סˣƨ̼ΣһɣͿʼ侫ˡŨȵľҺʱͬɽ鱬ӿֱĺʵھľҺԸŹκһΡͬʱ˱ھ޴Ĺͷ·ҪھȫեƵģһ档ھסؾţҺһһĿ䡣ΪӵľҺſޣ˵Ķ࣬СȻȫȥ˲侫Һͷͷ۾ӣȻȥ
ܵҺϴ¶ı飬ӣھ嶯սѹ޵ĦȻܿתſڴϣ˫ŷֱֿƨ̧ߣߴ٣죡ӺС
ѾȲˣھҲɫزСůʪ֮䣬ͷͻ𣬲ͣţ̫Ŵ̼δ˳Ĳ¡ھʮܣƨɿʼڶٴ׽סھȷڣʹھ޴Ĺͷʪɧ¿ڡŶõģӡѾͲסˣƨͦھ̽ܵɧֹ
ɣھңЯҡȫСߴٵ
ҪϲûԥϥǷֿС˫ȣ׼£һҧǰͲ壬ִ˳ؽСȶ֭ɰⶴС
Ŷ찡̫ˡܰЯߵСù񫡭ðڶƨɣƴӭھĶ
ܡҰɡԡ⡭ЯߡޡֱˬˡôˬܸеСůڽذΧ̼񱩵ĲɡܺˬԭСôˬ
ţҵײСİ۵βҪԶ㣬Сơѽ
ҪĴ󼦰ͺݺݵظСһŤƨɣһ߲ͣ˺
áܡڸˡڸˡСҪ㡭ҡ˺þáСԶˡС¡Զֻ㡭ֻھɡܡҡɰɣม
뵽ձŮھȫĵֽСҪС鴤ŵĻȡʪܵˌ¡ƨҵͦһ˫ǰػζؽѽɺݺݵظɡСѨƵˡ塭ˡҪˡ㡭СС¡СҪĺӡСС


247 AVŮ壨4
Сӣھ̲סͲ壬ɵԭƽʱֹׯʸŵСôɧô
ޡ̫ˣ૵
ңҡСɡѽѽЯ㡭ޡˡҪޡ
ھſСıϣζѵ鷿ţСɧ˵ĽдΪĲ尮Я߸ɣô󼦰ʹһˬĿУСй˺üӺ󣬷Ĵƨϣ󼦰ͽظСѨһһ׵ľҺھˬˬķСıϣȵָǣȻ᲻뿪С⡣ھƵڵϣͷ棬׼ʹڵʳճҺھغ裬ɵظţͷŪճҺ
ɨɾԺͷƤΧŹͷ˱ھСʪܵ£СһƬǼɫľҺˮʪһƬճ캬ھļͣеھѾԼČϡϷֿȫھǰС£Сʪů£ʵ̫ˡСϡͷСČСĵͷڌ¶һڡСİҺζټԼľҺޱ˷ܡޡܡСӡ
˷ܵ˵ţͷСѨɣͷȥɾ֭Сĸ߳Ū
ھͣͷزڡľ˵ĶŪĴ󶯣ƨɲϵֻ꣬ѩ׵Ĵ鷿ҵĻζﲻס˽УܡСĺܣˡСǶˣ졭ҪھЯߌ¡졭Ĵ󼦰ͰЯ߽
ɵڵ̺ϣȾܵش򿪡˫ĲѾʪܵ¡
ɣװģʵͲסˡ㻹ô󼦰͡嵽СġѨݺݵĲɡɣСļ°ɣܣ
˵ĽеݺݵĴ󼦰ͲѨɣĴ󼦰͡СɧСɧѾΪھˡŶ졭СŤֵβȴſ˫ֲ֪߳ܵزⶴ͸ҺӷѨеھڵſȵСǹɧ͸ǵģ̼󼦰͸αǣ͵һѹС۵ϣȲմӲĴ󼦰ͣסʪČ¿ϣѸٵؽƨһֳͦĴ󼦰;̣һСˌ֮ˡھǼӲþǰһķ۹ɾһӭײţӹĺŹͷţûźУ
มĸΡҵĴ󼦰ھܡ̫ˣɡѽҵĴ󼦰ܡЯѽมҵĴ󼦰ܡСġ󼦰ܡСĴ󼦰ˡࡡСɡมมСԺ󡭡ֻھ󼦰Ͳ塭Сˌ¡СġСˌ¡มม
ܾܽС壬һ߸СѨһ˵СҸѨҸɴĵѨมมСҪ㡢ҪСɧ£มม
ɵôƨɲ˼ΣŤת壬ӭǿ壬ˬؽŵܡҡɰɣมС桭СԼӡŶ󼦰ܡСѨƵˡ塭ơ
ŶأҲ塭塭壬С㣬СأҺ
÷ۼ糺죬ˣ˽һĲɹɵҺϵѽˬˡܡĴ󼦰͡ĺҡܡûɡѨС㡭š
ѽһŤƨɣһ߲ͣսޡ찡ţȽؼסھƴҡƨɣȴھһγ
ʱѾҵ״̬ﲻϣֻ֪ŤѾʼҵùסҵ弸Ǳܵ·Ūھ
йййˡܵҲˣСС㣡ŶҪСӹ
ܴŴѾЩھҵس鴤ţһȵͻȻӿѸٰΧھھ˳һþȫ͵һ壬ҲһȥˣͷֱӹڣͻȻҴһҳ鴤ѵƵȵľҺ̵ֻXʹŨճľҺųۣһԶȫעСӹڡĿȫ̱СϡھС߰壬СĻ󼡷֬


248 ٸӣϣ
ǰھٿAVʱһŮһֱھǾŮӣ
ȻͲ󣬵ǰȴһλŮš2005ѾˣʱƳƷѾ700ϼòԴҰԣ̬һ͸˵ʱܱѿӵԸҲʮŮȦŵŮ˭ʱǲɵؾͻ뵽ӣձAVһλ־
ʱĴӻûнAVȦھΪһζǰȥ
ҲҪǮձֿţھûѶ󹦷ǩԼѶԸھŮˡ
ھڱ§˴ӣŴӵ֣һťһťḶ̌ھŴϵ㣬鲻ԽھĦŴӵβ
βϴ飬ִھǻȥֻ巢ֲ
ӽ㣬Ϊʲôô찡ھûУûСһ󾪻ھһ§סӡӽ㣬Ժ˰һ㳢Ů˵Ըġ
ھ˵˫Ѿ˴Ǽͦ˫顣
ӵܣϹģ
ҪܣھԺҵˣԺ͹ԹԸңһõģӽɡ˵ھתӣϸӡ˫Ѿ˴ӣ˫ּŴǼͦ˫飬ӸоͷѾӲѾʪˣ֪ԼϿţѾӭˡ
ھУŻӣھѸоһУ˷ܣͷĸ
Ѿ˫˵УʲôʱھѵĶ֪
ھᰮŽߴӰ𪽿۵գϸϸƷգɫ㣬ھϢ֮˵Ϣ㣬˳ĳͷϣͦǣ޺ӣСڣϸµİ׺׹ʮٸüĿ续һɫ˿ȹ˿βסģʵأϸ֫޳ԲȣеΣھ§סߴӵٸ黬۵ļ͸ģһߴ¾ӵģȹ·ȳƵ壬ھ鲻Խ˷Ӧ˸ϲӵŮԡ
ھçײķӳƺŵ˽ߴӣͷ·һֻܾСãΪ˱Լȥ
ھýߴӱܣ岻ݿܵĴ׷ȥֱ޿ˣ۱пľΪֹ
ܣ㡭
ߴѾȫ͸ˣһ˫ˮӯӯ˫ͫӣԴھӵȥձ֮ǰɧȻûãȴѾٸԹķģþԼԼŰĽ٣һٸĿɬΪЩ־塣
ھͻȻ§סߴӽĻ棬ͷӣСڡ
ܣҪ
ߴ㲲ھ˸ͬʱ޵صĲһߡ
ھȵıϢ絽ߴ۵ļϣŸӻȵĴǵѩ׽۵ա
ۣ֬ھıǶǽߴɢ㣬Žѹʵء
ִ͡żͦھƾб֪ߴӵڷ͡
ȹͨ˴˽һţھѾоߴ̺ķ΢ı仯ССӲĺź춹
ʱܵӴߴӵ۾¶ãɫͨ죬ԽԽ죬٣ԽԽȡ
ھɢŨҵϢϵĴ̼Žߴе壬¶įԹҡ
ߴӸܵھ͵Ļ뽫ƿƺʧȥ˿ƣͬʱݵǣھļѹ£ߴӵȻӿһ˿ΥĿС
УȥԼ̲סģߴѾǲھӵ˶ãڸھůǿ׳ţǿֱ۽סּϤİĸоʹߴӽʧȥ֪Ů˵Ǻ
ھеԼһɽһʱܱĻɽ
ȵļ飬ռеϴ̼ھĴѾڽߴӷ۵ϡ
ھ˫ֽ§ŽߴӣʼѰٸĿ֡ظĦŽߴӹ⻬ĺ󱳺ϸůӵҷˣھõĶҧһ£ʱ޴룬оʼͷŪĶǿе֮һҪҪܾҪԵ¾ӣټɬ£ѾܵھȻȹƽ̹Сϡ
ߴӵ·һ㣬ȫʧȥ䲻ʱƮһ˿΢ŵġ̡ңǡ
͵ھ˫΢죬֣ҲѰ˽ߴϢķݺݵȥ

ߴӾҵڱסɲǣ·ʩ˶ֻĿھŲȽĿ૵ܡ
ᴽʪһĵƮھıǼ⣬
ھͻȻеһȣߴӾϾȻӨỨ
ӽ㣬ôˣ
ھⱲµľŮ˵ᣬ㡭㡭۸ӡ
ߴӽ΢ӿĬĬᡣ
ھӵŽߴӵķĽȰοӽ㣬ҪˣҲã
Ů˿ҪǸĵġ
ܡ㡭
ߴӼԼֱھסٴνޱȵ״졭ſҰ
ھ὿ߴӵĻԽԽҪַͨʽе˼밮⴫ݸԷ
ܡ㡭ſҰ
ߴԽӻˣţתƾھ滨꣬ϧؽ
ھİѽߴڻУ̧ߴӵʹףǸ𪽿۵ϾӨۣߴӱѹʱʪʪģ˵ỹʲôĶ


249 ٸӣУ
ߴӽֵھؿڣԼʵظůŵļѹޱȵҡ૵ܡ
ӽ㣬Ϊʲôԣ㲻Ǳ𣿡
ھסߴӣŽߴӵ޵˵ĺϲ㣬Դҵһۿ㣬ҾϲˣҪҵŮˣңһһҸֵġ
ߴھĻҡ˹Ƶģһͷֱֳɱ㷢ԵøƮݶˣ޵૵ܣǲеġǲĲС
Ϊʲôаӽ㣡
ھ׷ʵ
ߴޱȷ糺Ȼ૵ҡұô࡭
ߴӵĻû˵꣬ھͻȻͷӣСһ£Цӽ㣬֪ڵʲôȻ곤ǿȴôƯô˵˻ΪҵĽأ
ߴһʱҲ̿͡һЦĵͷ૵Сǻ۸ӽ㡭
׻˵òĶõģŮԽƾܣԽǿߴһĽˣǼھҪǰŮˡ
ӽ㣬ҾпĲڷů壬ļǿ۰򡣡
ھ§ŽߴӷĽ´ĳŵҵİɣӽ㣡
ߴӷѾ򶯣黰ͻȻܵھȻʼҧ˱Ķ̻飬ȴƿھ˵ҲŤͷȴͷ˱ܶһ˿Ŀд
ھͷŽߴӵ񾱣գɫָĦķΣھⲻĶͨ͸ӨĶ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸйʶ
ھϮȻڼߴǹʪۣŰĳ࣬С༡˱СԪĶشߴӵͷʵĸоֱͣײţʹεͣȴǵסкڱŷ
ȻھĺƯߴӵĶʣߺ˿ȵϢ͸ݡֱ˽ȥڶ޵ļ˿ĸоĵϽߴͷ
ھŽߴӵĶ˵۾ͷȥۡߴ΢ĿͻȻоھ촽ʪĺ촽ϣھȵ˫ߴӸоԼʱһֿ˫ʱ˿ֿ˫ƵһʱߴӿоȻڳҺھͻȻ촽ʪ˫ִͷ˽ߴӵСڡ
ߴܹǣھȥձ֮ǰҲܹʪǣ˷ǣǿҵǣѸ͵ǣ˵ǣᵽϤķֽ׳еζͷεģȷ鵴֪ʱƺʧȥ˼ά֪ѱھ˫ߡ
ʲôҲ룬ֻԼȫĵȥܡ١촽ʵʱС඼ĿСߵգ嶼˷֮Уʧȥ֣һйǣһ˫ҲؽסʧȥһͬʱҲʹ˱ĴھͷߴӴӣУҵؽšŴ죬ʹø淢ô̼ˣҲԼ۵Сӭȥͷƶš
˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㣬ĿͶң㣬áãھ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼.һ鲻ԽĿͨȫļ鲻Խؽһھ
ھոհ»ɽ֮צӽõʵأٵؽһץסĴ֣޵૵С
ӽ㣡
ھҧӽõĶЦӽõµӵ˳˽ھĻھĬĬ§Žߴӵϸſĸʵ֮ŤĦţȹȻܵĺ÷Ե尡ŵ͸ĳٸ㡣ߴӸܵھ촽ķǰ䶯ţ鷿ȹȻԸоȵĺ鷿ȻʼͣɫֵôߵظĦķԲΰ꣬ĴϢҲĴ찡СķģҲĴġߴȴļӲ֮ҵһײˬĵ۾΢΢պϣӣС΢΢ſص³һ
ߴǽꡢĿ֬ļ콿ͻȻܵھǵĻᣬɫ־ȻȹĦķԲȣҵôߵ֮ĹĹȽ˳ƽ˴ϡ
ھѾӽߴӵķ۱ƵǰŵȹʵѪŵķʵɽ塣ۡ壬ߴӵزȻǲһգзǳҵԾˡ
ٸʵʮظ˵Ĵ̼ǲɵģοǽߴǵĴˣھֻĵһŻԽԽ˫ֽߴӸʵԼ״

ߴٴξҵ̴ܡҪҪ
˿̵Ľߴӷ糺죬ɿɢдŴ⣬ˡ
ھ˽ߴӵſ˯£ǶԷͦ鷿ֻ׸ԾСɵġɫͷ֬ķɫӳ£͸Ե÷ھ˫Ůְֺ޵˫֣˽ߴӵŮ壬ػƣɽãŽһյС꼷ѹżͦ۵˫壬ھַֻӯл΢󡢵ʮ㣬в֡
˿Σ϶°ο㣬ǹˣھȴȻᰮŽߴӼÿÿ壬أ࣬򻺻򼱣ۿ˶ǽĿ롭
ھѩ׷ѹڴϣͬʱ˫ֻĽء
ھ˸񣬿ǰǰ޹ˣߵĴɫ˫ɵ»ɽ֮צڽߴѩ׷˫帧긧Ū˰ΣŻ£̽ȹԲĴڲ๥ȥ
ھ˫ҿһֻڽߴڲ°ָмѣᡢһֻ֣ȴŮزʪ𤡢塣һȦȦȦھߴֻ糱ֱţһɿѹϢܵĸоҲ
˶ռУл鲻Խͦ֫ڶŤߣھķӦ޳ָŰݵѷظŪѰеͻ𣬰ѹᡢѲ̽ءһΡΡΡھǳмɣǳģֱĽۺʵÿֻȥһ㣬תѹ˳ظֹ
ҪҪ
ߴӻȵĽھָͣͦӭϣȷţβ
ѩ弡ϸܵҫۺ飬ԷӯӨߣŤڣԲ޳Ĺȣвǻͼ尾ھĿŽߴӵķӦԲ긧ĦǰѩӨ塭
ھ߳԰£ߴ̴΢֣
ӯӯ˫ۣھڻ»ߴӷձ׵ķౡ죬󣬷ʪӣС챻ס˶ӡһӦ
ھŽױݲǻ̵̽뽿ߴ۵Ķһࡣ
ھƷǰŮȵǣ̰еҺ򣬶ŪͷֻˬУ㡢ᡢۡ壬һ˱Ϯ̼ھģ
͵ץסߴӷʵغݺָ꣬ǻڣһ鱥ĳʵУ˲ʱĵĿ顣
ܣҡܲˡŶ
ھŪò֮£ߴӽвشһߣƸԹ
ھŽߴӵ̴㴽ҧ࣬˶ͦ壬ָعȵڲխСʪĽƼѹ
һ޷ˬУھ˷ܣĹڵָʼĳ壬ֻŵ㣬ڽ֮һָҴˮ鲻ϵʳˡ
Ʋĸһ͵䣬˼伫Ʒ
ھвɵҪ˷ܵУѨ޷࣬ⶴۣʮ䣬ޣ͵֣ۣж죬󣬿󰡣
ɬûһ˿϶ΰϮοھָƵʲϼӿ죬ϴܵУǴ屾ĳ嶯һһڵĽ࣬ѸȫߴᴽޡѽߡϣѩɿٵɸӭھĶ
أھռнߴӣᣬھ΢΢ŲͷƹŮصԴʤأڽߴ˫ѩ׷ĴڲỬһʪۡ
ߴӱھĿֲôཻӣŪòýֱ
˶һһϵûھǷֵָ˵ˬ⣬ھָʱߴӻͦΣƲ룬̰ʱѾʧԨѷ޷԰Ρ


250 ٸӣ£
̬ӣʤգ˵̬ھڻڲƵıˣϢ۽ȫȫѹڽߴ۵Ľϣ˱˴İ͹Ѱٷ֮һ
ھ޵ӣСһͨǣ˫ָǶԷʵ󣬴ꡢơѹǵĽߴֻ糱вڱǿ£һڵӲȻס۵ĹĹĥš
ߴ̴ھֵͷݣ࣬һ˫Բ˵ȸнھŤ䶯Žס֮ﲻĥ
һʪǹھͦ壬˫ߴӷԲΣӲȻʪܵĹĹ滺ĥදż̽ͷȴ
ǹĻȡ̡֡飬νζͷжˣߴӱĻ񶶣ﲻϣҪЪ˹ķ񾳽硣
ӽ㣬ڽˣڵõˣҽ˰
ھΣ֪ߴӵ˽ϵ׼˫ְ䣬ûκγɵȴͦᴩס
һ룬ھֻڽխ쳣д󻬣ԲļѣǰףƣѶȣȴƾ޾ˬС

Ѿ׼ߴȻǷһƵĸߵļС
ӽ㣬ůýʪû尡
̫ˣɰĸоǲԼߵ˼ĺ룬ھоԼȻͽʫĸѨһ׵ĸоͬǽߴӷ·Ǵˮ͵乲УȻﲻоʲôİΧסȽխ壬ڻ΢΢䶯ųžţһ˱Ģͷ֣ҽߴӵĹĹȴˮ鲻ϣۺһʪŢʪ˴
ȶխʪ廬Ȼոձھָ룬ָȻᲢۣߴ۵ü㺹졣
ھҪһְΧ䣬䶯ͣĦھȻ̧һͻľ޴ս˲㵱еĽѰѨߵȻǾʮ䣬ޣ͵֣ۣж죬͵䡱ȷ鴫ھ̫񹦣зҲҪ״ܿɾȻˡ
ھҪ㰡
ߴֻԼȻȡִ󡢼ӲΰƺԾ˷ʩʹԾԾԣԶԼסҲ޼£޷Ƶط߾ѩ޳ȽסھΡ
ھ̽·ĢͷѰٵʪȵĻģѨڵĽ¶סĥתĦʹûҲ˲Ģͷػ˱šھŮ֪ߴѾĲ鵴ҪھҿׯĵɴӵΪӽĳͣٵĳ̣ǿĦﵽ߳۷ó
ھͷס˽ߴӭŤΡΡζһֻ˶壬һ˱ҧһߴǿ̢Žߴе͵仨ġ
˼Ҫˣ
ߴõĹ¶įõ񣬴ʱ˿ڵŮ˵Уܹķңڣۿͦлӭھ·ͬʱ£տԹĵõ˾޴Ĵ̼ͿУɿƵزžĸ߷塣

ߴҵҡͷ㷢Ʈݣ˿ɢҵ˻ܲסھĿͼ̣˽ûиĵһλʱȫٿȻƵľҲ۷رھﵽ˵һθ߳
尮Һ磬ھ˿ϢĻᣬٴμټÿһζײ⣬𻨾һǿһĲĦŷüֵİ𻨡
ˡ
ߴͻȻһ󼱾羷Σһ˫ھ䣬߸Ȳͣݣͣ䶯һɹҺܶһε˸ĸ߳
½ߴʹ̬ħǰδеĳǿд̼£ھ˫Ŀ΢΢࣬Ѫ˿һƣڴ֮ϣ˱۳Žѩθ߸廬˶ΣԥشӺٴؽ롣
Ŷýӽ㣬㡭ãϲϲ㡭
ھ֪ʱ齿ߴӵµߣԴ̼ʱ顣
ܣӽ㡭ӽҲҲϲ㡭ᣬ󡭡̫ˡ
ߴֻ׷ǿ߳еͷױ¶ĵܡѩ˶ûκ覴ã⻬֬ƽе㱳һյճһ˵ͻߣԳߴӵľˣ塣
ھϵطײ£η鵴ĿѣԵⲨˣһƬ׻ҫ۹âںڵĳҡҷƮݣˮϴһ㺹죬Ө͸Ů֮еļƷ
ӽ㣬ҵŰ
ߴӵ̬ھοĵޱ飬ͣر任õλ
˼˼ʫʱȻҲ쳣ھȴһϧ˼ܾˣΪ̫ۣ̫̫ˣͽߴһھȴûЩ˼þ͸˵ʺңֶ֭͵䡱ܳ޶ȵŰ۳ҡ
ھ͹£ߴӻлٿл
ھϹ
ߴӷԽһһ߳۷壬߽Ъ˹΢ţ㺹ŰҺڿУӶ
ھһţҳͣҰײϹ򷢻ӵ쾡£òֺˬĽߴӸ߳𣬲֪˼䡣
ҵ̳սһֱһʱھڽߴٴйʱ͵籡ĴˮھͷһھҲѳֲסɽ̵ҽڽߴӵĻһ˸о˶ƺƮƮķ§ƮƮɣͬڰá


251 ˫ƪ֮
ھܿͻص˴½ʱԼŮƺݶѾʮֳͯˣھȻܸˡ
ʱѶѾǩԼ˲ԱˣаȦмĽɺ͸ոǩԼĶࡣھĿͷˣǳڸֿǣҲԸǱ
Ƶ귿ڣھ§Ž˽Щµĸں档
֮ھ˵⿪ԼƤ¶һִޱȵߡɿǸִʱһ̾ô󰡣˵ļ;Ȼô󣡡
ǿκ죬֪롣
ھڴ棬Խɻ˻֣˵ɣҺš
ܡ
˿ܾϴھǰסǸִߣ˱
ˬ
ھЦſһµĶ࣬Цô£Ѳ㻹ǴŮ
˵ھḧŽɵͷȻ
ҡҵȻǡ

ھܸˣʱɵĿڴߣ촽ھӲİϣζʶԼԴŪھǺЦɣĿڻ࣬ȻǴŮΪʲôԸ
ɫһףŵ죬ǡֻˡ
ھŶһȻ֪ȦûҪλֻһ·ߣ˵ȥϴɣҺ
˵ţھýͣһ˵ϣʼ˺·
࿴һĻϽŵܽԡҡ
ԡңཫĹϣ洫ŮϷȻö
౾һ洿ŮӣΪ̽ھȦǺܿģͷȦĳΪˣȴˡ죬һ͡
һᣬѾˡǣȥϵ·¶˷ģˮĽ¿ʼϴԡ
ʱڣھѾѽɰǹˣŮ˵Ļǲ
ھЦŸŽɵ鷿Цɣ˵ǲһ
⻰һ£Цܣ˼Ҿһļ
ȻǼǾҪеӣҵǰҿͷ˵ū˸ң
ھЦ
ŮȦþɳȻ֪ҪԵ˳ӣǸϽһ̴ƨ̵ϸߣеū˸ңˡ
Ǻǣ˵Ҫʲôʲô
Ĵ󼦰͸˼ҵѨ
ޱȵؽе
ߣȻǼƨɸ̹ū𡭡
ھЦ
ˣū
˳ӵתһ̷Ĵƨɶ׼ھ
ھʵôĿٸ죬˵ھܷ
ʶھڹԼСѨϸǽˣھһָŽɵëһֳſŪǺ۵СˣһӽɾʳһˮʴƨھתķɧİڶšһֻɧĸƵġ
ʱھѾкһЩˮˣæýĸһڴϣѽɷʰ׵Ĵȷֿ˸ͣڽɵıŴ󼦰ˮѨи˽ȥְŽɷ۵Ĵƨǰҡھļ
һھֽرס˽ɵôͷѨӣתĥӽɵѨģʹ˳ѨģֽھĹͷйһҺ壬С˺ٴγڽɱھŪķھſɱϣ˫ִӽҸ´ȥסһԶѵķʴĴţɱھֱļ鷨ɵÿ˫ԽͦͷھָǵִӲŤŶţСѨˮһɣСں˵˵ҵĺü͡㡭졭𡭡ҡġСѨѨˡ鷳㡭ѡҡ塭ࡡ졭졭СѨѨˡü͸硭ࡡá󡭡͡СѨѨءءһ㡭šҵѨܲˡѽ˩ʱĽɣ΢ϣ̬ٳǷĴƨɣھǰҡŰŵĹھԼɧѨھۿظţʱڽ̺һѣھϸ˺һԽԽԽԽ
ʱھŴֳĴСѨڽɷ۵ƨ˼£ָƨ¶һ۽СⶴͦŴ󼦰һᣬűϵؼھ˫ֽŽƬԲʾƨɵһµĲŪ
ɵСƨ﷢ˡžžײļھˣڽѩ׵ķʴƨϣݺݵһѣһǷĴƨɱһۡ
ֻʹҡƨɣҪʹھĴ󼦰ɵСƨۣ󼦰͸硭㡭㡭ҵƨۡҪ㡭ѿˡھĴڽɵƨٶţһȤɵСƨ۶ҧԼڲŪʱýУھŮԵĿСھɵķƨɷʹƨۼнھĴ󼦰͹Ǹͻ¡ķγнĳſڽɵϣ˯޻֮ϣһֲⴲĸоѡɵƨ۰ھҧסһҲɡ
СҪ㡭̫ˡ
ţھѽɵķȼһֻԼϣǿĲŽɵƨۣΪԲٵƨ۵ĸֿŪǶԷʵһε顣ڶĴھ̲סһ̣йڽƨ۵
ҲΪǿĿ䣬Ѿˣֻʣ·ŰʧϢš


252 ˫ƪ֮
ʱ򣬶ԡ˳һƬǽ壬ʱˡ
ھŶϹԡ֣ʱھеޱȵٶϯ
ԡˣ
ھֱ
ҡ
ۿһ죬վԡ¶˷Ů塣
ھһЦǰȥ۵ǽϡ
ʲôſң
ºˣҪ
ھߵҲˣѵ㲻𣿡
ھ˵ţ鷿ϡϵ
šҪ
ʧɫÿһ缡ھޱȣ֪ԼֻֿܵĬĬ۾ھĸŪ
ھ˼¶壬ܿоʪˣٺһЦ˵Сɧ˵Ҫ涼ʪˣ
ʳھ¾Ȼ˷Ӧöеޱȵ߳ܣȴ޷ֹ
ھȣסСƴһͬʱԼƨбϷͦꡱһͰѶСѨſˣĴŮĤӦƣû赲á
һû˴ھ̱ס˶ӣ߬ס״飬ͷ̽˫ȼ䣬ĴָŶƤ٣ʳжָѹסǾⷭȻͲˣֻںڵĳڰ׾ĺ󲱹ǡ
ƹϵʹýĶᣬӲӿڰ˵ؿڣһֲͷŤףءۡۡ㡭һǵһΡ
ధ

ĴŮһݺݼסھŰͷ˦ƮݵĳΪŮ廹ַĿС
̡̡
ĳִδ̫ˣ֪ԼҺӿĹϵѵ
غ費ϻڼԵϣžž߷ƫƫҪһ޷ֻھHԼ

ھĳԽԽ죬ԽԽʱ౻һʤһǿҵĵĴ̼Ūһ񴭽䣬ҧ׽ֱ˸һ˶ȵ棬һͷںĳŤƮţȫѩһϸϸ㺹ѾǿҵġòϢġԭʼĴ̼ǣŽŮҽļָ߳
󡭡žž󡭡
ĲٱԼ˵ĴϢдײϴĳ鶯ϳһ׼ΪĽ֡

ཿʵ˫ԵԲִͦţͷӲĻǶҪɵˣһУ˫ŮһץסԼǺķ˫࣬µһγ鴤Ѿñ״
มมҲˡˡ졭ץҵӡ
ţҪǿԽ߳ȻһеشȻھ˫һ˫ץԼ鷿Ȼ֫צһزסֺ֫ƨ̧ƴϴգҺ˺ӵһ糱ӿھ֪߳ˡ
ȻһȵܿŶĽдӻҵŨ̵ĴŮѹˮͷţٲкӻǿھĹͷʹش޴ĹͷϣŮԪȻӿ78ӣ
оƶһ㣬˫ֽסھ֫زסҧסļֱй괦ŮԪ
ԭԽĸֱ߳һ㡣
һƬհףϢţⶴżн߳ҺһƬ
ھһǿҵĳ塢룬ѾˣٸղһĽ䣬Լڽļָ߳ʱڵУŪĻͻȻеͷһֺ򶭽ѨͲȥ
ִߴһҰ԰ռкĿȣȵشֱ̽խĻڣֱоסٳ㽿ӵˣԲĹ̹ͷضסһĥ
оһǰδеĶ㼴ھĶǿңҲ쵽ﶥ㣬䲻֪ǾǸ߳ĸоȴ֪ܲǷԽʱĸоɵ黳ݺݵءݺݵذȥ࡭ɼΡ뼸ζС޲㡭һһ̺㡭Ϊֹ
ҲþԽߵ֪߳ڼھǺޱʵСͣײѩ׵ĳ𣬷žžһĿ֮ȫϣһ嵽ףӲĴͷƶӹڣӹȻɽ緢㣬ȹ̵ľҺ䵽۵Ĺϣ˲ʱһ鴤һɹ廬Ҳӭ˳ȫžȫһ̱ȥ


252 ˫˫
ھ˶֮󣬺һһѱĶ࣬ӵϣɿһĻһЦһѿھϣղź͡
ղſ˶ھĴսʱĸ޼ȻҪ󻶡
ھٺһЦѹ£Цι㡭
Ѵ󼦰ͶŽɵϣ쳤СھŽɵСʱȫһĽ˫Ȳ濪ŵôģཱུСѨǰһһɵˮھͷŽɵС
ɽţſС죬ھĴ󼦰ͺС˱š
ھ˫ֱŽɵȣСѨϣѽɵСͷѷ죬ϵСѨŪֵģޱԽĵȵС캬ھĴͷɵͷ˱ۣȻ³ھĴͷСŴ󼦰ͣھغСС෭ţȻתأھƨۣͷƨŪţ̼ھȫ飬Ƥھѽɷ۵ĴƨɱţʼζˮСѨˣͷСѨ£ʱҧС١
šСҪٶˡɺ󼦰͸硭ɵСѨܲˡ
̲סɧĽɣСھĴ󼦰ͣܵƵģʱ˱Ŀյţ÷йеŤְڵģǷͻ¡ھĴϏPĥš
ɵĸαมˡมˡҪġ󼦰ֹ
ɵСѨﲻͣŵˮھǣСٸǱһһŪƽ浾ׯĽɣͣŤҰڣɧغ߽ţ
มˬˡŪ˼ˬˡˡ
Ҫˡมมйˡ
Žɵ˽У£һȺھھ࣡
һѽɵȫȥˡ
ﵽ߳Ľɲû˶ͣ෴ھǵôִļͣѸٵŪھĴ󼦰ͣҹͷϵİƤһ¶һصСֺţŭŵҲڸлŽɵڰ㣬Ÿ߳¶İҺھ֪ҲѾ쵽˾ľ磬ţมɡС졭ҵĴ󼦰ͺ̫ˬˡġมҪˡ
ھĴ󼦰͸һĶţһͷϵһɣһŨȫɵСˣÿһζ̽ȥ
ɵСھֱðĴ󼦰ֱͣĴ󼦰ɾƬʪʪ޺촽
ɼھɫԵؽߺھĶѣٴαĴӲˣڽɵĽϣ󼦰Ͷ׼СѨۡһСѨؽһ
ʱɵСѨذھĴ󼦰ͣĸоһֲ岻ĸо
Ĵ󼦰͡ɺมˡม
ھĴ󼦰ڽɵСѨʹţеɵСѨ䶯ţˮͣŴ󼦰͵ĳСѨƨµĴʪһƬ
ðĴ󼦰͡มĽɺมСѨˡ
ͦŴƨɣŪҡţϵı޳죬ɧƵ΢΢ü̬˼ˡ
šˡ
ɱۣĿС
ðš󼦰͸硭Ĵ󼦰ͺô֡
ɵСѨġม󼦰͸硭
ɵĺˬˬɵĺø硭ɰˡ
ھһŴ󼦰ͣһŽǶӲͷȫĽˬĴ˽УҵšˡมˡֻиĴ󼦰ܸ͡ɵôˬˬม󼦰͸硭ɵɵѨˡม졭
ɲʱͦŴƨɣһһµŪţҵมĴ󼦰šɰĴ󼦰ˡĴ󼦰ͲˬˡมҪɵСѨมɷ򡭡ˡ
ΪŮ˵ܣȫھĴ󼦰͸ˣӭھĴ󼦰͵Ŀ壬ҡĴƨɣˮĵĺˮôʪ˺һƬСţСѨˬม󼦰͸硭ɵĻġ㶥ˬˡ顭ˬšˬˡม졭Ҫ󼦰ԡɵɧѨมˡš
ɼٵĴϢͽ˽һھ˷ܲѣسš
ҵม󼦰ֶɵĻˡˬѽˬɵСɧѨˡ˼ˬˡมҵĴ󼦰͸硭塭˼ҵСɧѨมŰɵม
Žԭ崿޵ȴģټСѨеĿкͲʱͷˮˬھĴ󼦰ǵøӲ֣ŽĳŴ󼦰͡
มɵĴ󼦰͸簡มɵĸθ硭šˡɵˬˡ졭Ҫйˡ졭СѨɿйˡҪйˡ
ʱɾ֮ǰھĿŪӲСѨһĽҧھĴ󼦰ֳͣһɹ̵ˮ
󼦰͸硭มйˡĴ󼦰͡ˬй˼ˡСѨˬˡ
ɵĽŸ߳ٶţһɹɵˮСѨСƨ۰ѴŪʪһƬھܲˣøոڽɵһξܿľͽ侫ĳ嶯
һھѾйýˣֹͣ˳壬ԱΪԼͽԽ˵Ķ࣬ھĴ󼦰͸͵㣬̲סſڶϣֲͣ˫ϴţͷĶ෢ϲĺšˡมҵҵСѨˡĴ󼦰Ͳ塭ҵɧѨɡมˡҵ˼ҵСѨ
ھæ󼦰ͣĴͷֻڶСѨĥˮѷĳһСϪöʹͦŴƨɣţܲš˼Ҫġ󼦰졭СѨҪĴ󼦰͡šĴ󼦰͡š㡭š
Ů˵ԭʼöഺ鵴ȻͨҪھ󼦰͵СɧѨɧ͸ǵ飬תھҲѾĵջ̼ʢµĴ󼦰ͱǵִӲôͷĥŶʺʪĦºȻǰһͦس
ô֡มĴ󼦰͡ôְѽɧѨġð졭ĺø硭ɡļɧѨ
ھô󼦰ͳŶСѨҲ鷿֭ˡ
มĺø硭Ĵ󼦰ͺɵ˼ˬˡø硭ص㡭Ĵ󼦰͸硭˼ҡ̫ˡ
խյСѨھĴ󼦰ͼеģʮˬСѨԽԽھˬѣˬʹĿ͸ɣÿͷĻĺھĻŪ£ֳ鵽Ѩĥϼ£Ȼʹĺݺݲ룬ֱĻģĶƨŤС췢˵Уˬ״󼦰͸硭Ĵ󼦰ͺ̰มҵĴ󼦰͸硭Ĵ󼦰͡ɵýÿ
಻ͣ˵ŤҡŴƨɣӭھǿĳھĴ󼦰ڶСѨҵĿš
ม࡭ˬСѨеøˬˡ
ҲˬĴ󼦰͸ɵġมСѨˬมٲ㡭ˬˬˡá
ɧĶ࣬ھĴ󼦰͸ɵݻĴƨɸƵŴҡͣʪСѨҲһһɵҧھĴͷˮһͣ
มˬˡ󼦰͸硭มɵˬˡɧѨˬø硭ɡҪһӶɽ
ھ˫̧ߣϣСѨͻӱڴ󼦰ͲɣҲ˳Ƶ˫ֽ§ھı˵ֱŤƨɸͦףŤӭھ󼦰͵ĳ塣
มĴ󼦰ˡɵĽѨˬˡĴ󼦰͸硭มֻĴ󼦰Ͳܡɵýôˬมô
Ľɵʹھػζƨɣô󼦰СѨﲻͣĳţµĶҲŬŤͦĴƨɣ˽ţȻİպͼٵĽУھ֪ĵ˷ܺͼ
ɵýˬˡมĻĺáมมˬš󼦰͸硭ɵĽˬˡ㡭졭Ҫˬˡ
ͽͣ˫ֽ§ھıͰĴƨӭھĴ󼦰ͶСѨĳ壬ھˬøĳţÿһζĴͷزĻϡ
ø硭ûɽѨมҵɵýˬˡมมѨม졭ĺø硭ٸһ㡭มɽѨ
ھĴ󼦰ͲĲ֪й˶ٴΣĵϵĻ̌ھĴ󼦰͸ĲСѨͣĺھ
Ĵ󼦰ͲĽˬมСɷ򡭡ø硭塭มĴ󼦰ɽ塭׽Ⱦˬɡม
ŸղŻװ崿Ķ࣬ȴޣھǵĳŶǳˮСѨ
มˬɵýĴ󼦰͡ɵýˬˡˬˡø硭Ҫйкˡ
Ķھ˫һֱĥţţھԵʹ󼦰Ϳ͵ĳһһε԰ĸ߳಻ϵ̧ƨɣھĴ󼦰͸ݵĲȫʪ͸СѨȵˮͣĽھĴͷϣ¶ɧǵ飬ھ˷ܣ󼦰Ҳ͸׺ݵڶСѨš
౻ھɵ㺹죬ҡƨɵĽҲԽԽ죬ɧѨļסھĴ󼦰ͲϵŤţӹһɹɵˮھĴͷϣ֪Ƕ߳ǰףĸš
󼦰͸硭ม춪ˡҪйˡมĸɡšСԩҡมҪйˡܲ졭ม塭
Ļھһֻǣþȫ󼦰ڶСѨţҲ˫§סĲӣ˵СѨͻӭĴ󼦰ͣҲٵʶţСѨǲ˱ţй˴ɴɵˮ
ҵĺø硭ŶĴ󼦰͸ˡมĺø硭ɵĽˬÿ̲סˡˡйˡйҵĺøˡม
ھ£СѨҲˬĲͣйˮˮСѨţ˳Сƨ˽׵Ĵ
Ŷ΢΢е˵ɧ¶ұ˵ӣѩ׷¡ĲŪҡţ۵鷿ǰҡţʹھɢȵĸšǿ侫ĿУ󼦰ʹ˵ϣ͡١ĲŪš
ҵ׽มСѨҵĴ󼦰ˬˡˬม
มð㡭šҵɵĽˬˡ
ھĴ󼦰͵ͦɼ顢бֱͲŶСѨֱɵö飬ҲھֱŪöҡΰˮͣţٴйˣɧѨڵӹڴ˿ھͷһסţķ˿ϵģھֹͣ˳壬Ŵͷ໨˱ĿС
ҵ˼ˬˡมйˡมĴ󼦰͡ɵĽˬˡ
ȫţƴͦסھƨɵ˫ȽУСѨһɹȵˮСѨھĴ󼦰ȦסСѨĻҲͣ˱Ĺͷھ鲻ѣ󼦰ǵøִڶСѨһһĹ⣬ھ֪Ҳ侫ˣԶ˵มҵĺýСѨҲ̲סˡҪýˡˡมáˬ
졭มĺø硭š콫ľӡมȫɧѨý硭ĸ
ھݺݵĲ˶༸ʮº̲ס󼦰ʹУˬľһɣ󼦰һɹǿľҺȫ˶ĻּŨľҺһ򶭽СѨҲɻȵľҺ̵ýֶ˦йһΣС૽еѽĽ̲סҪй󼦰͵มйˡйˡø硭Ĵ󼦰ˡมˬˡ
ھͶѶԷ§ýģȫڲš鴤ţˬݡ
ϣھٸɶͽɣֻѶŮɱǻڰ˽вݣŰ֣


254 ռ쾲٣1
Ѷ˾˴ǩԼԱ٣л쾲δĴŮھȻŹ
쾲Ȼ֪ȦǱԣΪλھ
ڣ쾲ϴ֮ٴλʱͷˮڣһۺɫŸ߹ۣԿ͹Ǻʵɽ壬ƮݡӯӯһգԲθ߸Ө޳ɢ崿Ůе
۵ҶһĿãȹһ˫˿İ⻬ȡѩԲ޳ԲĴŹϸСȽʵֱ͸˫ѩ׵ϵƤԼƼһ˫ƤĸѪܡϺɫ¶۰׽Źĸ߸ƤЬ¶źȻԸС
쾲òԸޱȣƵһûһ˿覴ãϸ㷢Ʈɢԣͷ⻬񣬱̣ˮƼھһ㱡Ȼ˵ȴƬͿ͸ķ۴ʺС죬ȹѷĳе¡쾲ĸԼһʮ֣˫޳ʱҡҷˣӯԵӷ׵̬ϰ۵ļͶ䣬¶һ崿ĵķϡ
ĳѩ׷۵Ĵ˿ı¸۵Саˣ˽ס˳ǹ⻬СǱɳѰ̽ܡʵ飬ͦ壬ڽϸ۵ǰʵΣԲԲСƽ΢͹磬Ըвʧׯأи¶޵ķ顣
ھط֣쾲ٴʱ羹Ȼ۵ĸ۽ھĴһģһƷջ
ǹҪھһ㣬·鲨,ӿǹźķǧ΢Ц˿޳Ĵż۵Ŀô¶ԲĵĴȾͳھС
һͺȥ쾲ǰţȫµ߶¶۱ͦ鷿ŵúܸߣ׽ʹ˸·Ҳܱϸ֫Ͷɫȹȹ¶޳ȣϵĸ߸ЬǸŮ˼ֳĺԸСںڵ糤ٲɢԺɬھĽëȻ̣ۺɫСӣ̲סȥҧһڡ
쾲΢΢ߺߵھǰȻΪھһơ
쾲ٴʱ磬ھеһޣеϣõŮˡ
׼ͣкƣھ쾲ٶһ
ȱưɡ
쾲ͦǰеıӵݸھ
쾲ٸ߹ŵͻȻľͿƮɢ쾲Ĵ㡣㷢ҡţ¶ԲԲӵˡļһӾھĿ벻ˡС㡪쾲ٵļϣ۾ɢ崿Ůı˵ЩʲôƵģ˲ע⵽ˡ
ͬܵǣ£ھվߵ쾲ٵߡȻ쾲ٵԱߣĿ쾲ٵϻѪľɫ
٣ƯΪҾ׼𣿡
ţҪԼһ׸
ע⵽ھȵ쾲¶˽ϲı飬΢Цŵ˵ͷתͷھ΢ľٶǿҵ
ھĴ쾲޾׵»䡣ӰĲӵԲԲļһֱǵߡǰͻŮ塣ǸطھԾʱԼְġ
ɨȥΣ˿࣬ȣ߸Ьѩ㣬ǿҵĴ̼һ̺˸߹ŵ塣ϵסھˣϵţֱǱסһ㣬ھ־ס쾲ٵܷܷ֡
١

ͻȻסˣ쾲ھڽѯʲôڽڴʲôɫͫ׽ھšγĵ˫ھĳ嶯һӾͱ
٣
ס֣ھ쾲ٵļ򣬰쾲
ѽ
һ쾲پıھϡھıס쾲١١١̫ˡҷѾİˡ
Сĺ쾲ٵ֣ͬʱ쾲٣ھ쾲ٰ۵Ķ˵š
߱߿ھҵĺǿҶҵԺɺ֪Ϊʲôһ˲쾲ٵĶֹͣˡ
ھ˳ƵŤת쾲ٵĽˡ쾲ٵ¶е㽿ӵ顣ھͫ׺ܿľ¿ȥ
쾲ٹ⻬㴽ĺɫ൱ջԵӡھ۾ھһı쾲ٵϰ˳ƵĶȡ쾲ٵԸк촽ˡ

쾲ٸеһɱھѹȵơԵغȻı˫ۣͬʱʶ΢΢ͷ
˵촽Ľһ𡭡쾲ٵ촽ǳƷζھ촽ϵζ쾲١ӺھһĴϣԵĸоĸоϴؿð
ડ
Ʊ쾲ϵϲͣĹšȫʧĸоǰų۵һŮŮҪ彻źˡ
ھ쾲ѹ˵ذϡԭץżĵķſˣת쾲ٵ䣬ذš
š
΢İ£۽쾲ѽ԰ֵҲʼ˷Ӧ
ھ쾲ٵĺ촽աǺĴ쾲ٷſ˫֣ȫھİСԴհˣÿط
ͣϰƶ𽥽ӽŮǰ鷿ˡ۵ıϣھַǰ¡鷿ϣָ
Ҫ
ǿĴ̼쾲ٷԵֹھĴǺں쾲ֿĵֿƵģھվɵļ鷿
ⲻǵһʽ飬ȻԸоеһѾʮõĶʮŮ鷿
Ů


255 ռ쾲٣2
ܵĲֹˣʹھ·ϸ쾲ٵ鷿ȴѾȫ͵У쾲ҲжˡҲ˱ˡ
һԺھתץ쾲µ°ˡ
С
΢쾲ץסھö
١԰ɡҵˣҪ𣿡
Ů˵ĿѹŵھԽԽˡ
£
ڣҪ£
Ǹ쾲ٵķԣھǽȥˣ·
ˡҪ
ѹֵ֣쾲૵š
٣Ҫţûġ
ǡҺááߡš
쾲ٻǼĿšεȴ˸еûж˲ûзھĽ⿪쾲ٵ۵Ŧۡ
ķУ߹ŵС¶ˡ۵İɫ΢΢е㵭ۺɫɫںڰĿռиģһ˵СֻǰھϸϸǰŮԵھεĺġ

ֱӿˣ쾲ٵвǿҵ߳ġһͬʱĸֳҪƼڴֻڵ쾲ٻ֪ʲô
ھ˳Ƶֻ֣֡һĴǿԼڵ˫鷿
š
һֱǰҪΪǿ鷿ȫӿĸܱԼʱܵǸǿң쾲ٵıﲻԾĿʼ
šš
ܵԵİŮľˡǱʶ΢΢ű쾲Ӧھİˡ
̧쾲ٵ壬ھֺܿͽ⿪ڱĿۻ⿪ۻ˲䣬鷿Ҳʽֳ˽ӰˡǽһƵģھѸٽˣȻ˳ƵһץסǶ鷿ҪסƵļСס˷鷿ǿֱӴļھǼĴ鷿
š
ھǿҵİ쾲ˡӲ鷿ȫɢˣȻ¸Ҳʼеɦˡڱ¶زĵֿı䵭ˣ쾲εԿˡ
ھҪư鷿˵־Ĵ鷿ÿһεİ任ͬ״ˡھһ˫ͷ鷿ǰͻˡָͷʼͷˡ

̬Ĵ̼쾲Ͼ˷Ӧˡ
ССĻԲţָͷǲͣ趯ţеʱڱӲ˵ͷϵˣеʱһ¡ĳ鷿Ů鷿ĴС鷿ϸܵҲɢȫ쾲Ҳ޷ˡ
ššš
ҡԴǱʶ쾲ٿʼԸе̬һ쾲پȻԼΪŮ˵Ĳλ
ѡΪ顭
ԼѵϵʪԵһŮ˷ı֣һһ쾲ٸе˺ߡ
˲ãھͣزİˣ쾲ȥо͹µȫڶʮŮĸдΪոһֱڰĹϵӱ·¶İ𪼡ӡ˵ھǽıסŮ˵塣
쾲ٲٷˣȫȫ⽫ԼиھˡھƶȻеԼ˴ϡֱƯ䣬ƮƮȻ
ھȫ֧סԼ塭
ȫÿطе˰ˡ
쾲ٵл顣
ھܿľͽ쾲ٷ˴ϡ鷿Ѿȫ¶ˣ¶˰ļ뵹۵鷿ڸӵľеԡǰ˵ͷܵ˸ոյĴ̼£Ѿȫˡ΢΢ȹ£͵õǳĴȡ
ھѹ쾲ѩ֮ϣǰ˫źĦԼˬоͬʱʪĽ޺촽
ڣ¶ƺͻȻĺܸߣ쾲ٺ΢΢ૡ
ھаЦһ֪רˣֽ쾲ֻСѹͷ̸ӷ¡ͦγ
쾲ֽץס׵Ĵ񱳹ͦϰǻߣʹԼظܵļѹھǿ׳ز
ھסǰѩ˫裬󼷴꣬˵˫ͫ쾲Ե͵ŹƻĵĴԵ٣ҵŮˣԶܱѡ
쾲˷ܺʹӵǿҸоǣԶġ
ھظз·̲һԵĳ嶯ʱץס쾲ٵ½һ˺˺𣬻ĺɫ۱˺ȥһ룬Ȳسȥɫ֣Ծ˶ͦԲʱڵĳںɫȵ֮¡
ھͦͦţ۷ѩѹΣʢȵĴ쾲ʪӣС쿪ʼ


256 ռ쾲٣3
Ķġ
쾲˳ɵı̴вʱ޵ߣƸǸ衣
쾲Ѿûκžˡ
ǣھ泯ź˿ĴڲȥʼİŷǳеԵĴˡ
ššš
ͻİ̼£쾲ٷ˶϶
ֲϵİţھƶˣٴ鷿ˡ
ھڵĺѩ鷿ϡھǰֵŮѾʼķ鷿鷿ɢһ˵ζ
Ӿ˫ش̼£һ͵ĳ嶯ھбˣȻᴩȫǱȥƵģھӵǰˣȻ캬סǰ˽۵ͷˡ
š
鷿˱ţ쾲٣λǰųŮ˵Ĵˣ̲סķƵջܵŮԺضھͷϸܵ鷿ζԼӲͷεĸд˱ţ·ҪȡɢϵĴ˱š
ౡౡ
š
ͷһ˱˺üΣһԸ˳ӿԺĴĳ쾲ٵʶģˡ
֡ô
ܵİھزϲá
İ˰Լ壬һ뵽쾲ٵԸо͸ӵĸˡͬʱҲһ˵ĸܡĹھͷǱʶǰ׸ھˣвϵͳ
š
ѾĽΪŮ˵ϲˡ
̰鷿Ƶģھͣ˱ţͬʱѹһԷͣ˫壬һ״ٺУҧ˱
ҪҪٶ˼ˡ
쾲ٵĽ߼ʹͻ֣ϸ֫߰Ť˶Բѩͦʣھȥ
ӯӯھһ˫סܶȵĴ鶯Ƶ쾲ٻԲݵ΢ꡣ
ͬʱҲԽԽȵζšѾ΢΢ĺˮˡ
ܵŮڹɼĹ⻬ͬʱھĽӽ쾲Ů˵Ĳλˡ
Ҫ
к߳쾲ٵмսţγһСˣҪȴʹ
ھ쾲Ѿ΢΢ʪزˡ

쾲ٷһ̶̵̾Ϣ
ʸ߹ŵĴŮ΢΢Ĺţڿ㣬ھ˷֮ǸӵĸˡڵھѾΪһƥˡֲϵĻ谮ŮѨĹȡڿ㴫ŮСָԸܵ΢΢ʪˡ
Ҫ
ֱӵİ£쾲Ѿܲˣһֻ»˿£ץסھ
Ƕ쾲ٵķٶھںļǿ˰Żꡣ
š
һָողͬ˲ˡ
ڿĽʵʵŻۣȻָŻšİߵĲλŮѨĹȱŪš
ǿҵ߳ĺ˷쾲ٵбţԴһƬհˡ
š
Ҳſˡɷģ۲ɳ˲ȴӴˣȻƺͱ˲ˡǻδͨѨҲʪˣ֭ʼڳˡ
ھʱİ촽뿪鷿ˡ
ڴϳ¶鷿쾲٣Ϊոյİ˿΢ŵͣᷢӶ쵽Ӻĺ󷢣Щĺˮ˼ϣγޱӵľ
ٶȵĴһߵ鷿ϣһھٶȵĶ۲չҵİͬëëһ㣬ָ䶯̼Ѩ۴Ѿ΢ſˣٰ۴ѹЩ÷ָͷ롣
Ѿʪˣ
ȻǸڿ㣬ǿԸܵŮѾȫʪˡӸոյĽӴڿµֳΪܹԼѾŭŵʹĳ̶ˡ
ԴҲȰȶˡҲĻԽĳ嶯ϵĳھ
Ҫǰһ۽Ʒľġ쾲١
Ҫഺ۵ŮԵȫ룬Ҫôǿҵ
ھҲܲˣַڿϣֱһӾ
ҪСС
쾲΢΢һ£ЩˣǴʱѾ̫ˣۺɫڿܿľͱȥһֱѵϥǡ
Ҫ
ھԼľٶ쾲ٺ˫ȿšǴŮ쾲ٲô˵ûоη壬Ĩ˵ġ
١
ھ쾲ٵ֡
ɡ԰ɡ
ھзҪڻûлͬǰѾ˵ϣʼ⿪ۡ

Ѿѵˣ쾲ٵЩĶҡ԰Լѵľ⡣߳£쾲ٸǽı˫ۡ
ھϵťۣһſĽ˿


257 ռ쾲٣4

Ѿо˱һˡԴѾһƬհˣҲʲô˼˺ܿľȫ⿪ťˣھ˳ƵȹӡȹŻԲƨɻȥûκε谭ھ˳ȥȹӶһԡ
°Ѿȫ¶ˣŮ쾲ٽתһߣı۾ǺߵĹϵɣȾһƬʣϸܲ˵ɿ黭档
ھַڵԼӵƤϣһĽ

ǽ以Ħ΢졣
ݡ
ھܿѵ˿ӡȻһѹ¡һŵĳ˴£ǰ쾲١
ڵƹ£巢˵Ĺâ
һһھ˫ֿ֣쾲ٵ˫ϥǡĴſˡ

δ֪Ŀֲ쾲ٵֿİšŮȴзζ
Ĵ˫źٶȵ쾲ϰʼ˼Ѿ·
Ҫ̫ˡ
ܵǿҵ߳ĵӰ£˫۵쾲ٽ˵Ҫ
١ûйϵġ
һ쾲˵ھһ·ˡ
ȫ⿪˽ťۣȻĴ˿Ѿȫֺܵոհһ˫鷿Ϳʼܵƹ䡣

쾲ٵð˲͵ˡ
ǰ鷿ǳеѩͷɰ鷿Լ֪˼ˣҲİˡ
˵һ㽵ĵط
鷿ĶѾȫͻĿɰͷ
ھʹİ·쾲ٵ£ְѵС㡪쾲Ѿȫˡ
áúˡ
˫ǰ쾲üš
Եģǵһαھȫ塣ȵ߳ǰ鷿ŵĻҡ
١
쾲٣ھĺŮ֡
ʮŮ˵кޱȵµĴѾһһţͷѾ͸ҺˡھĬĬѹ쾲ٵϡ
ھֱӵĴӸزԼھصĸоǼͼֱӽӴĸо쾲ٵµ˷ˡ
Լź쾲СͷӴھ˷ܼٸԼǰŽ۾Ŀɰ
١
ھĺ쾲ſ۾˫Ű⣬ھ쾲ٵıǳᡣŮӣھֿҪɫͫ׸˽ȥĴ
١
쾲ٵ֣ھǰ촽쾲ٵ档
š
ܵȵ
촽һͷž˸߹ŵԸŮ쾲ٵ
š
쾲ٵͷҲʼͷ
ౡౡౡ
˵ͷһ𷢳ӵ졣
ھʱ˱ʱſĶʱĽš
ںھĳĿڶԿǵĹУ쾲ٵ˷Ҳ𽥵ˡոջץס˫Ƶ˱󣬿ʼ趯šͬʱ¸ܵȸҲģģתǿˣ쾲ʶԼı仯
һֱԼʱҪǿҵĸо
ҡ
Լ˷ܣ쾲Լżҵ߳ġѾֹˡҵУھḧ쾲ٵȻζӽŮĻꡣܵ쾲¸ļСָ죬ָ΢΢¡Բĳˡ
١һ㣡
ΪԵıʹھָչ˻ꡣ

߹ŵС㡪쾲ϸӦԼھˡ
ھܿľ뵽ëĵݵشˡ
Ǿٵġ
쾲ٵۻ꣬һĴŮ꣬κ˽ʥ򡭡
˷Ǹӵĸ߿ˡ
ָͷĵڻ档
š
ͱ˵쾲ٷ
ָܵ쾲ĴУҲܵѾдϲõӡĸֳˡָǵһεĸܵ쾲ٵѨӵĸдůůģĸоٵĸоĺھĴ̽ʪĻˡ

ھĲԼУо쾲ٽ˳к߳Ѿ֧쾲ˡ
ھָͷ쾲ٵĴŮѨС
ʹʹ
ֵ쾲˾ҵķӦˡ
һ˲ھηˣָǰҲͣ
ʹ𣿻԰ɣ
ھػ˵š

쾲΢΢԰ףͷ
쾲ٵ̬ھָٶȵĿʼˡָĻڣڸΧָѸٵſ˿ڵǻССխխѨˡ
ھָխˡմ˴֭ǴӻδͨӿֳһֱӴڲָĸдرֳʪʪůůĴ淢˷ܵĳ̶ˡ
߹ŵС㡪쾲ǵһھڲȫš
ķӦھʵĸоҲǿ˷ˡָĻҪȷڲζšŮѾ΢ˣҺָϵĻȲû֭ϨŮѨеǿѹסĿסֵָ
ڵһѨڱŪ߳ܺͿֲһ쾲ٵӿţҡ쾲΢Ůġ
ָı仯ˣǻԲţ˰ѨѹҲˡ
֨֨֨
һ΢ϵĴ۲з
Ҫ
Ůֻ߳ܵܵŮĶ䡣
쾲ٵķӦھѨӦھƵģ쾲ٷԵؽ˫ȴſڴϵʱŤš
е쾲ʱҲˡȫϼͦͷ˵ԾʾŸ߰˷ܡͷոջҪӲˡ΢΢ſʱʼ϶ˡ
šš
תȥͬʱҲھָĶЩ΢ȴȴһϲõ֤ѾԾŮܵϲˣǴˡ
ʱĿԿ߹ŵС㡪쾲Ť壬ǳƵġõ鷿˰ҡšָŪѨھʰǰͷͻȻſһȥ˱Ÿ߸߹ͷ
ౡౡౡ
š
൱еͷܵŪ쾲ٲԾĽ˳ͬʱѨҲ޵䶯ţ˸ǿѹס˵ָ
ھĴ͸֭˿Ĵһߡ͵ĵƹ쾲ٰϻƶţഺ۵ŮӡŶĿкŮʱҲѾ׼ˣԿڴԵ
ھһƶָһİŮĽͷͬʱƶˣռס쾲˫ſγɵĿռ䡣
һεΪھӵ˷ˡ쾲ٵѨγָˣץסǿŵĴָȡЩ쾲Ѩðķﴺˮ֭ͿĨԼĹͷϣȻŴ쾲ٵĻǰš
ھ³ʱ򣬽źͽŻӴˣ˵ҲĽӽˡ˲ãھǰ쾲ٵ۴ˡд˲쾲塣
ͷſɰͷھĸ쾲˵١Ҫȥˡ
쾲ֻĵͷ
ոհɵĻ㱸к߳ԼڵһԽηСЩ쾲ģģʶˡ
ھס˴˻ϣͷĻ˻ꡣ

ʱѨܵһոմھָҪøǿֵĹ̴ȥˡŵ΢΢ӲˡǶŮķӦںھʱֻܵԼšͷǰܿؾ͵˻ǳխѨˣھ˳ƵȻǰһ壬ͷ˽ȥ

ƹϵη쾲ٽ˳ŮıƶηƹϵҪӡҪŽȥˡҪŽȥ
ھƶţ˫ѹ쾲ٵļϣֹܣȻʼǰͦͽȥƹϵжڿʼˡ
ĤʼΧסֵĹͷֳ˷ǳխѨѨڵ⿪ʼˡ
š
ŮٵһνԵ۰
Ǹ߹ŵС㡪쾲Ҫƹϵ˲䡭ϸխѨܵļѹ΢ĵֿھǿǰ͡һƹϵʹ쾲١
ʹʹʹ
˺ľʹ쾲ٰ˳ԵĽץסھ
Ȼ쾲ٺʹĽб˶Ůھ˵ȴѾֹĿĵ£ǲϵļխѨ
ֵŮֳӦǿľܾѨľĿס˴׳Ĵ
ڴʱѨڱڵʹǿҵĦ£ӿֵĿֱＹ׵ھ˵ĲܿԼĿСΪ˽Ѩĸھͦ
šʹʹ
ⱻ˺ţǿʹڸӵľˡ
ھϵĳš

һ̣ȫĽ뵽Ѩˣš
š
¸Ųһĸоеڵ顣еľҵʹĵˣ쾲ٿʼе˵С
١
ٵھĺ쾲١

쾲û˵΢΢ſھ
𣿡
ھĻ
쾲ŵһԽľ飬Ÿȵ˷ܡھȫ쾲۵壬ŴŮζԼˬѨʱ䶯ţҪѨ̲סҪҺ
տʼʱܵԼֱӶĴ̼һ˵ˡűܣ׷ޱ޼ʵĿ֡
С١
ھٶȵı쾲٣ͦʼŮԺٶȵı˴˲š
赽ѹŴĴߡ䶯ţҺ󻬵ãػصķ졣
֨֨֨
дƹʹԼھԽϲý£쾲ٻھ󣬳ھж
͵ĵƹŮλ԰С˫ű򿪳ɣΣ߹ŵС㡪쾲ٵĲھɵԾš˵˴˵§ţ̰ǿ׷ովѵϲá
˲֪εУڵһԽĿ־ĵˡͬʱѨнŴĳ֭Ҳʼڳˡϵɣƹʱʹ䵭ˡ
չ෴ģԴĻѻԭʼϲúͶİ˵İ϶ϲ쾲ٵӿֳˡԼѨǲھԵ٣ԼߵĲλĸд
ǷǳȼӲ״Ķ
ھÿһεͦ͵УѨڲĤԸоõͻԼֳдš
һεĸܺΪĳʵ£쾲ٸеޱȵ˷ܡ
桭̫ˡ
ȫԼھÿһطھļֺʵ塣ߵĲλȫھġ
ھԽĶǳǿҡַ鷿ϼҵĴšֱҵھĺ
š
˲쾲ٵйϲõ


258 ŪŮĪС壨ϣ
ھĿǹ˾ǩԼĪС壬Ů79ģ20꣬ǸŮҪ鷿ܴ󣬶ҺԸǱ
ܿģھ˰ĪСıǰͳԿ߽ĪСûڿھ¥ȥѰң߽ĪСң㿴һɫ˯ĴϣӶûиǡ
ھֻеһѪͷŵǰϸĪС˯̬޼ɵɫľ塣ֻĪСһ΢ƫˮĴ۾ţƽɫ㷢˿ЩҵɢͷϣѩࡢȫûһȱݵӨ׼ɢ˵ĹǱİɫ˿֯˯ȹ͸Ź⣬޵ģĳĪС彿ϸߡ޹ǵɼ壬עĿģĪСǶ΢΢Բ壬˿ڰڵظͦţȻǺܴ󣬵ȴ쳣ؼͦĽγһͼĪС˯ûд֣ھͷչȥԿ˫飬ֻ嶥ӣҺͦţδ͹δ͹ݏȴԵĲժ㣬ۺӣѩ׹󼡷ĳ֮£ˣھĿ϶£ĪС˫˵ĳϣʱĪСؼţҪ˯ȹǶ˵Ĵɫȫڵס¶¶ӣ̿ŵ˻Ϊ֮ȴ֪ᱡ˯ȹ֮УŮжô˺
ھſţ̲סˣĪСԲ׵ֱظھֻоԼַ·һõ˿ƽޱȣţھ㲻ڴˣͷȥĪССһ¡
ھһĪСǻ۰覣һ߸˿ỬļĪСɢһɵζζŮ㣬м仹ԡ¶㣬ζŨ壬ǿҵش̼ھĸɲҵȼ
ھĪСȹиʱʱоĽһ£С壬ˣ
ھƤ΢죬ĪС˫ںĴ۾ԾԼʱڨڨЦ
ܣʲôʱİ
ĪСһ˯ʵӣ˯һ㡣
ҲǡҲǸողŽģıûиǺãϣ
ллܣã
ĪС΢ЦھľʲôͻȻӴվ§סھĲӣɬʵܣ㲻㣬
㣬ܻ͸˿һ㣡
ھĪС§Ųӣ˱ǶɫԵضĪСǼ沿飬޲ý˯ȹúõ׼¡
ĪСſھĵ뷨ߣС˵ܣ벻һҵأ
룬룬ζ룡
ھʵص˵ͷѹסԼȼյװһӵӻش
ĪСԼòǷǳĵģھĻشҲ֮У§ھĲӣԼͦѹھߣŴܣȻô룬ǻʲôأСˣԶֻϲһˣ
ĪСĴ󵨺ھǰѾ̹ˣҲܹʽҲھúɣھǰĪСԼûʲôģֻҪھϲʲôԸ⡣
ĪС˵ʱϵسھ񾭣ûһڸ뵽ǰĪС廹мڣҲ֪ûɲصĸޣȻСΪԼڽʱˬھĪСŮ壬ԼŬӶʹصظԼ
ھЦЦ§סĪСϸ֫ЦС壬ǲǿԸأ
˵꣬ھĪСǻͨСһ¡
ܣ֪۸ң
ĪС彿һھĶ˵ܣСˣھҪҰɣŮˣӣ
˵ĪСֵԸһɢŷĴĻղ˵仰ԵĴҩˣھֻԴһȣĪС𣬻ɵڴϣѹ޹ǣȴֵʮʱĪСѾü죬գӣ΢ţҷԸе̴ںǰѩסۡͦйɵٵĺţħ㽿ѩ׵ҲΪŶһ¶š
ĪС彿ͲϴȣھﻹܵˣͷȥĪСǽʪĺ촽ţţţҧţûһ㽫ԭۺ촽ŪøӺޱȡһھͷѩ׵ıݣŮǴĿУĪС綡ỬСͷһͷƤػ׷ţʱھʱַصĪСң࣬òͻȻھغס˴СͷϵʳͷӴĵط̡
ĪСܿȫʧھʪǼ棬ཻ֯˱򶯣Һӵ³˱ĪС鲻Խ§ھĲӣתʪĽ̼ǿҶ촽ȫһҲûС
ھһѾڴˣĪСĶͷһµС壬Ұ˯ȹɣ
ţã
ĪС˳Ӵվھ˫ֲؽ˯ȹ¶ʱŮεĵطһ׻ɫСǿ⣬ĪС覵Ľȫչھǰ


259 ŪŮĪС壨У
ֻĪСź۽׾ӨԲ񼡷ӯѩ޳šעĿģͦǰһѩɽ壬ΡΡ壬ӯӯգʵͦʣʥཿͦ嶥ˣһ͸̺ˡСɰͷӡߴؽͦһԽСɰδѵͷһȦŮеĵ̺ĿɰһȦΧͷΧӯӯһա֯ϸһ־ӵ֮뻳۰ССסƽһѩ׻Բ⻬޳ȣϸ񻬵Ĵڲѩϸ۵ý͸һɫľ֣ϸ͡Сϸӵжȣ̲סҪȥϸĦһϵĽ
ĪСŮͪ壬ھʱѪڣڿҲ಻סһںסĪСһֻޱȵѩ飬ͷţű˱ţЩͬʱҲûţסһ𣬾شวŪ
һĪСԭ۵ϲ֪ȾĨҺ죬ԵøĺͽޣҲԽϢͦε˫ԼİܲϵŪ£ߵŮһ˷ۺɴһ˫С㣬ҲΪǿҵĴ̼ͦ۵Ĺȹ棬͸ճİҺԴԴӿǰɫ˿ڿȾʪһƬھĿתضŴĵ˿ĪС壬ؽСڿõǰһЦС壬淢ˮˣҪҪְ
ţܣ㲻ҪСˣ
ĪСϾԲ۵źۣرסھĲӣڴϣضš
С壿
ھֵСߺ죬üĿĪС壬ʵС壬ǽʲô
Ҫҡ
˵һھǰ󵨵ĪСȻ˼صͷҪұԺҪңң
ԭھһֱΪСƺͷǳˣûԴļŮھȻĪСˣǺһЦĪС§ԼĻǰСϴ˵СıھⱲһ㣬㣡ҸŮˣ
ţܣСҲð㣡
ĪСھһµܣıְɣҪŮˣ
ãΪԼıҵķ֮£ھĪС۵أ뼸ڷҷֻƣǻԲͦ鷿ḧһھѾеĪСǽ۵СͷñӲͦĪС΢šСӣԵýΡھٰƣĪСβصذţĪСӯķξͺעˮ򣬸еԣھһ󣬱ôߣ̯£ḧĪС˫ȳ޳ʱҲ಻סУΡֵؽǰḧĪС¡ճ¯ͷСѨʪĸоĴȫ˵ÿУھµı˷ʹ󣬼ϸ߸𣬽Ӷһ㡣
ھһ߿ĪСӣ࣬Ǽʵ۵飬ָضڲʪյƣһ˵ˬУھ˷ܣضڵָʼĳڣΪĪС廹ǴŮھʹֻһָֻֻضŵ㣬ڽ֮һָ˵ھвɵ˷ܿУƷǼƷѡһıꡱ˵ţϳĶɵüӿ죬ĪСްУɲͣɸӭھĳ塭뿪ĪСӣ˳ѩ׵һ·ӳеǸʵأֻԭֵĵ缺Ѫھ̲סſһںס飬Ӥ˱ʱͷŷۺɫٿ£ʱҧССĶޢָͣұǰٴУĪС̲סĺֱУܡŪҺ
ǿеھ˳ƽ̹Сһ·£ŶĪСԴʥչƣֲڵͷǻԲֱĴڲ£ĪСȫĽһһһһϵ˱ھָ˵ھָʱĪС廹̧Σ᲻뿪ƵģĪСѾȫȫԨǷ󻬵壬ŤƵ㶯ţھ壬ĪСֻŮĴ顭òʰʱ鱻ҪƣԴûʧɢᡢ顢ʹһ˿ƮУ
ھһĪСǷ۵޳ȣһ߽˫ȸ߾ǰѹһĪСԴںͺͥľջñ¶ھǰʱĪСǣͨ졣ھ˿类ǰԵͷתĪСβ߸̧ϸشԼղָŪ˽ֻԴѾ˿¶ɫǿŽεķۺɫޢĪС֫Ťһһϻ£ݷڴʲôƵģһȪ˳Źɹ±̼ھֱˮ˳
ھ˫֣ĪСǻԲ̵ͦķμʵ۵ĴȲסߣֱǻŤѩΣھ̲סԲΣһ죬סĪСޱȵԴڣһ˱ĪС׻ݷȫ˳һ㣬һţһȻﵽ˸߳ˣŪھͷǣƽĪС屻ھĵھȻھؿ˸߳ọ̈̄ʱߵޢ˫Ŀգﻹ˵óھʪܵضڼɹͣ£һдĸоһѾ޴㣬ʹĪСŤѩ׵Σɬ˵ܡ𡭡ˡġ
ĻĵطأҾϲŪ
ĪСôһ˵ھֽ֣ץסĪС䣬ƶֺһͷͣضڼɹ䲻סߣʱסǷۺɫĶޢ˱ͷ£ͷضڲͣؽʱƵǵɫľջٴǣһɵζĪС㣬˵ζӳ£̼ھӿҵŪţеĶԾؼӿ
ܡҪˡСҪ㡭
ĪС޳Ƚؼסھϵ̧ţ·ҪھΪһһ㣬ȫգȼյѾĪСԴÿհʱֻϣԼܹԼ壬ΪԼֹ
ĪС͵Ӻȶ΢ĽھʱԥԼȫ¿ȫӲǵıĪСУĪСⶫѾİϴλйܵĽӴأɬŪôһȻͻͻֱֻ¶ޱȣǳѪĹͷ΢΢ðɱڡ
ܵıôҵСʢ𣿡


260 ŪŮĪС壨£
ĪСھָ£űԼȣᴥԼıһ֮£һִ̼ʹһһĿĪС壬ĪСеԼӲؾҶһƲסĿĶ
ھĪСƽڴϣȻŷȣͷֿСʱ۶ֻһϸ죬δѵԵʣŮԵǶ΢΢ſģŹͷǰƬۺɫ⽥ֿˣĪСʱʹܡۡ
ʱھѾǵܲˣĪСֻܿ࣬ΧλĪС忴ͨ죬֪ǿ̣׿ƹʱʹĿ־壬ھ۶ܣɣС岻ʹˣСҪŮˣھռҰɣ
ھĪСѾ¶˾ģҲͲԥʹʹǰһ۵բţ˶ĹͷŮڵȿƽǲ㱡͵ĴŮĤϣŮĤǿ֧ţŬά˵һߡǣڣǿѹ£ŮĤͻˣĪСһ̣ڴŮĤϧһֻ̣ؼﶼֹͣ˶ԼݷһСݣֽűը棬ѩͦʹſӿһػʮĻӴţϾӴھˣŮŮˡ
ʹ
һѪĻǴӱڵļ֤ھû룬ĪСʹȫرסھĺ󱳣ָ׶ھÿһŮһжҪ˺ѷεʹһαƹ֮ʱһεȻˡ
ھѾ˼ŮˣǵһοĪСʹģÿŮӶ᲻һɣھͣĪСڣһҲҶͷĪСţϴ̼ȪˮͿԼʹˡ
ھŮ˵ļѾǳˣһĪСΪʹüͷչΪĿУھĺظһܣҲʹˣ㡭㿪ʼɰɣ
ڿԺúõһĪС覵Ľˣھ˫ץסĪСĴȴʼСĵس鶯ÿһνɫҺһĪСڱóͨ裬Ửޱȡů۵סھζֻĪСڵĺ۵ϸĲڰݣĲֱһһĴԴĪСĴŮѪڽ֮䣬ĪСʹΪˬһһ˳ÿһ䣬ǿҵĴ̼鲻Խؽ߲ѣϣšҪˡˡมҪءܡáо̫ˡมมมšߡ
˾Ľţڳºɲʱһתȫסĳ鴤ھֻĪСһǿתļвſеھʣæĵסѨⲻͣĥתתĪС廨ëֱݷ˾⣬һļУһ̵ĺӿ̵ھסйĪС壬̱ڴϲͣؽţ˫ոһ޵ĺƣԲס΢΢Ҳ޷ֺ
ʱھûйĪСȫسڸ߳ĿУæ˳ŵĪСߣЦ캬ɣ
ϴĪСΪھڽһڱˣǾҺǿҵζеУھεӣｿһܣ㻵ˣ˼Ұڽ
ô˵ĪСȴھţ䶯ſĴ棬̧ͷ˿ߴԹصһۣȻͷȥſӣСں˽ȥְܷܷҴŪ׶£ŪھȻŪھĢͷͼеۣǿҵĴ̼ھ̲סٵشϢĪС岻ٶŪò˫ֱסھĺΣſɺӣСڽȻ̳Խȥ˱ۿھȻ͵˼㣬ѪţĿۣӲĪС㷢ƮݵľɫŮĸԸΪԼڽھеǿҵˬɵôشϢھγȻֶĪСӣСڣסףԳڶͦɶĪСţ䷢ʵĽߣھֻ飬Ƭ̼ȻճĪСĿˮʪܣ˼
ĪСѾӸ߳滺ھСгȻĪСţ˫ֳڴϣѩԲθ߸ĪСȫչھǰһķ羰续ƿ̣ʱھȴû˼ȥͣ׼ĪСǲȪˮĻģز˽ȥʱĪСеһǿҵıдؽţܡô󡭡ǡ
ֻĪСھĳͣβͣɸӭϣžžײŰ֮ڶĵĻھӵĿ񱩣ھĪСĻڴؿҳۣ񣬿вͣĽţ̫ˡܡ١Ŷԡ̫ˡ
ĪС屻̼ͷͣҡڣƵ㷢ٲɢӭھĳ壬һ鲨ˣһ˵С
ɵúášܡɵСѨ̫ˡܡСˬšʹز塭š塭
ĪСʱӼֱ˼ˣھû뵽ĪСʱҲ絴ƨ󶥣ͬʱֹסھƨɣҪھúõز塣Ҳһ仰󸾣ڼϴ󵴸Ҳ˶Ů˳֮Ҫ
ġġġ
̡̡̡
ЩѨ̼ھĸй٣øӵ£ԽԽ
ܡߡŶСˡŶ̫ˡСѨ̫ʹˡŶܡһ㡭ظҡšζʵ͸ˡš
СѨҪˡŶ졭СҪ̲סˡˡ̫ˡҡ
ھĪССѨӹڵļĥһһĿУټĴ̼ԽּӿٶȣѽѽһƮȻĿ֮£һƬԡһһΰĪСǷ۵Ѩϡ
θ߳ĪСѱȫԭѩ׵ļҲ΢΢Ĵ۾ڴϣζŸղŸ߳ʱʴĿУ˼·ƮƶˣȫһƼš


261 СȽϣ
СȽйڵŮԱ197658ճڱ1997ҵڱ赸ѧԺǵ걱赸ѧԺڱ¼ȡΩһѧԱ1993붫Ź1996ǩԼαԴӰͶ޹˾
ʱСȽѾѶ˾˹СȽȦҲмˣҲǱԶھҪСȽûоܾ
ʱƵڣոպСȽԹһٷھСȽѹ£֮ѷסСȽǷžŮӣǵСȽߺһʱƮεСȽȫȻ޷ӣ΢£ھǣڿ趯
˫ѹסСȽС֣ھǿҵػ࣬ڱСȽ˶תСȽκۼա޳ֻ壬ͷͷѼŪ֮£СȽӿǻȣһգӯأھſСȽСȽĽУվ治ס¼˱ĺۼ
ֻٽĶɾˣھͷɣȴûôܹһ磬ͷΪŮӿ½˫ֶСȽ֣ĿյóжСȽأϴκСȽһ ʱСȽڿԼһԺ󣬱ǴȶأڵСȽƺʶԼҪ˫֣ٴԼĴ󼦰ͣҪ⿪СȽ·ھôõء
һ룬ھСȽ˫ѹϣһֿţһʼжСȽѣǷۺɫȹ͸Ů㣬֮ƣھ¼ӲȵĴ󼦰͸ſӶԼַźȶ˾ƵŮСȽһĴ̼оӿͷھĺɵĴ۾УһĿ⡣
˵ֽ²̫㣬ڴϣСȽüĿ̴֮⣬ȴûżŲѩ΢̧ھĶڵھҲܲô࣬ܽ⣬ܽɴѽѵĸO@Ѳ֮ھ΢СȽת͸ޱȵζûһ˵Ѷ䵽˴£˳ӵ
ֱСȽùھŲɾСȽֻò崿𥣬֮ǰ͹̣֮Ҳʮ˵ãǰͦѩ״鷿ͦ飬ʱҲɢǰ˶ָͦԵǰס۵٣ʤκţ֮ơ
˵òۻһǰȴϸʵ治֪ɵˮγǶͦ塣ھ۾ǣСȽһ˫ѩ޳ۻĻû߹·ִȴǰĽʵ뵽е޳ȼڵУСȽ֮СɧͷĹ⾰ھ޷ֵջѾǺܶνСȽŵޱȾھǱСȽ˵סˣҲµĹӾ֤ŷ⽨ŵ壬ھǺεȵˡ
ѣھͷ˳СȽ֬۵ϸ»£СȽ̲ס˵ĺ䵱ھɵͷСȽ˶ѲΣ𲽵ߣֱǽͦУ˱֮ʱģ䱾ܵҪܣκ־ھգŤ֮䣬˵ǿ˵ܻӭؽһ˫Уھչ๦򣬶ľСȽ鶯͡
һСȽ壬ȷʵھľѱǮھҲ֪ҪڴϽŮӳһεܵޱĸ߳ҪǰϷʱ㱾ǮŮӵޱȸ߷壬֮СȽ׳ٰ֮УԼȡ󡣺ο۶һ飬СȽһ˫ǽУȴƵ΢ˮ⣬ɼԼСȽⷬȻЧŮ
һסСȽ˫֣һֿסСȽСȽǾҲ֮ھСȽһԷͦѩ״鷿ϲס˱ǱͦĴУʹھĿදƵ߾˱֮ʱ۶ұߵķͦѩ״鷿ֻȾСȽһͦͷˮ٣ѩ׼ѱ͸죬ԡڲ֮£ͦΪ֮
΢΢̧ͷھ۶ֱˣ˿̵СȽգԾδѣɽһ۰֮£ɫѻžȾѩۻ绨ѩͷ˱ˮ⣬ǽ׵ɶ칤Σں΢ӳиɫģھӲȵĴ󼦰ͷֱͦĶЩʹˣѾӸ߸ߵĳһ顣
ھһԭ䵽µķۺɫֺУֻСؽСȽ˫ָڴأֽǻСȽķۺɫ˿鷿СȽУֱʱھŷŮԼ޹˼ɵسˡ
˫һգھֶοɾͶˣͷСȽǰ£¹СȽɵ⽫͸ŵĺ˱ڣζھУһ˫ָ𤵽СȽǰһһࡢơֻۡСȽǱͦķͦѩ״鷿Ĵ²ס״ǵ뿹֣ƫֲֵסǿŪ
໺£𲽵شСȽϻ£ֱ˿̣ھŷһϲ¶СȽ˫֮ںڹȴ޵ľ̬֮γһ˵ļͷֱھ۹յĲסͨĴȥһھֻżСȽȻûз˵緢ֵĻ˵Ĵ̼֮£ھֿԶСȽһء
СȽƷŵоֹķӦȻֻǺСȽһȹھҲóȻСȽֻԼһϴԲ²⣬Ѿʳ֪ζھСȽǵָƵ֮ϽıԼΪȶ˾Ժգǳ˵ķ飬޿֮ھ


262 СȽУ
СȽ˳춯ˣɲϹ£ԼһҪúõ߾壬ǵȵСȽղܵʱٽ֮Сɧ£һεᵽԼ ǿ׳ʹִ󣬴Ŀ֣ھţһεĽСȽΪԼĶӣҪԼĴ̼ȴ϶СȽڲģӶΪԼܵ
֮£ھǿŸǿյһ˫СȽǼͦˡһյ壬һ˳СȽɼĴ죬ͷ˵֮Сɧ£СȽƣȴԱܷӦĿһ˫޳Ҳſھƶ˳ŲסʵҺСȽ˵֮Сɧ¡
ͷûдյСȽǿǧ˿Ժԣ侫ֹ֮СɧϣһɵģŮеζһ˿ɧζ֮ɢ˳̼ھ񾭣ھĺɵ΢΢һϣǹɴ̼Ϣھ˷ܵԸӡ
Ҳ֪СȽر׶飬ھסСȽ֮СɧʱֻҺ飬βʳ̣СȽӿ۳Ů֮ܵСɧ±Ŀ๥ݣУСȽԲشӦھֻͷСȽһ˫޳ܵؼнޱܵرֳСȽڴ˫־Ūķͦѩ״鷿ǿҵرʾޱȵļͦԣָоԾԾԵ¶
ššѽšӴ
ãȻţСȽƻδѣ˵ĽھŪ֮£ұչŮޱȵȻھͷ֮СɧʱʱɣʾСȽھĿයŪ±Ҫ߳
оСȽĽһޱȵḺ̌ھ۶ɨֻСȽĹӨӨ΢΢ĲԽޣ߳ζСȽδ֮ʱȴεӿ֮Сھɴϲԭȿû뵽СȽУ֮߳˵岻ֻԽ欣ԭ˱Ƕ㣬ŨǵھȻ˵СȽ֮߳Сɧһһŵ΢΢ϢھļӲȵĴ󼦰Ӳ죬ܾʹ˽СȽŹ
˫ֺò״СȽǲסԾƿھ°ڲСȽȴ󿪣ʹСɧھǰӵͻ˳ͬʱСȽʶ۵ؽ޳ֱȻԼ䣬Һ΢µ֮Сɧ£ɾӲͦ׳ļӲȵĴ󼦰Ϳɼ̵֮İͷѽҺС
ھ˫ٴθСȽͦ˰ֵķͦѩ״鷿΢΢һǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͷƿСȽϢ֮Сɧ£ǰͷ̽˵һԴխֽζھĵҡѱַСȽܵؽøʹھ̲סӲȵĴ󼦰֮Сɧ£ŪСȽ̣һ󽿴
û뵽СȽ潿ۣ֮Сɧ¼֮䣬ȴɽУнʵľھֻë׽ԿƮƮȻ˾ͺҪһˬԭʩչǳһǳһȶСȽСȽŪʱȴѱ֮Сɧ¸壬ʱѰʱСȽô㿹ܣͽ޹
СȽ֮Сɧ£Ҳ̫һɣھֻһ̽룬ŻļӲȵĴ󼦰ͽסֱǲά裬Һȵ󻬣Ƕã֮Сɧ±СڣҵֵļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣھй侫ĳ嶯
סǷйĳ嶯ھ΢ҧעתƵ˴ߵһڻ֮ϣƽЩ۶һСȽ̬𣬶СȽĽƣǷͦѩ״鷿ͦӯӯӲȵĴ󼦰͸ͣסĲŮޱ˵չ֣СȽǸ˲еھŮˣһ̺СȽԼ۸оȴҪѷɫ֡
һƽ֮Сɧ뽫ӲȵĴ󼦰ҧϵĽвòȫûھʹһֻӲȵĴ󼦰ͷĸоǵˬֱ͸ڣһʱ治γ˵Ů֮Сɧ£ʱžžҲܣСȽ֮СɧͷǧŲоҲ͸ǣζۼڳ֮֡


263 СȽ£
ھǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͲСȽͦͦѩ״鷿죬ȴɵǷͦ˱ݣ˫ֻ¼ͦÿĶӷ㣬Ů治֪ھϰ֣ΪʲôŻŵŮ
뵽ԼȻԵڶνԼĴ󼦰Ĳ뵽СȽ֮ˮСɧȥһΣΪż СȽھֿԾϸϸƷСȽԼĸоھоһ̣ԼҸˡ
Ҳ֪СȽãھͦӣֻ¼ӲȵĴ󼦰ͦЩеļ˾ֳ˸̵˱ʱСȽûֻСȽںӨӨĳ֮£ֽ羱ͷ˱Լ˱ĺۼһͦͦѩ״鷿Լ谮ֱҪˮӨӨţģˡ
˿̵СȽͷ΢΢ԵЩһŵָƵϸǲ˺Σ˵ӣھȻЩ겻ˣ۾УҲųһĿ⣬˿̵ھֻãСȽ壬ԼȥҲֵõˡ
ھǰ⽿ĻȵŮ֮̾ʱͻȻӲȵĴ󼦰ͷһǿھֱûҺйȥھҧס֪СȽ⿪ֻСȽһͦϰ֫צزھӣεӣ죬鶯Ѽض£ھͷӯķͦĴ鷿ھǰȵҪڽھڰ㿫ĥ
СȽ͵طھһ󾪲֪ԼոΪСȽڰסСȽ˫ʱû̫ԶСȽϵô죬СȽһѹԺ󣬾Ȼ˵ϲסԼķӦǿң֮Сɧµиǧſ˱˵ջ֮ھκεŮ˿ҪǿҰٱ
ƫǼζھŮŮ˵ϻ˴ľ飬˳츾˵ķϵϾھζԸŮӣ类Ŀû붼ûа취ȥ
˫̲סƵСȽ£СȽöִ̻壬ױȵָУھһСȽӵţһ߾üӲȵĴ󼦰ʹһɽһɵζÿһϮʸУȴÿζÿε泩ֵĹﶼķָ֣оͺ񡭡ͺÿ꾡֮ǴӹﶼԼһĸо
СȽȻڰ֮䣬ȴһ˿ǣȻ֪ԼϲͣĳŵԼ˾ĸо޵ĸˣһʱһУִ̼ķһĿ֣޵ĸˣڷеİȫĵĳⳡҵ԰ˣ˿̣̤СȽҲҪúõһھԼĿ˵ˡ
ھɹԺСȽĶ˿֮УھȴڶСȽһΣ޵츾ҲܲĴ̼¸һߣԼǿ׳ʵԼϳŴĿˡ
˫һõɵСȽ͵סѾͷԵ壬֮£СȽΪѹھ壬U ԼǣھЩǸԺ󣬲֣οھˣҲСȽѹھȫ̡
ã֮䣬ھֻҺ䣬ȴǼӲȵĴ󼦰СȽ֮СɧµǻУӲͦȻھֻȫ˼ӲȵĴ󼦰͵УϵСȽਣ֮ԾѼϢţɼر˻нĵСȽоȫŮޱȻУ֪ʱֺݺһȴôҲ
ھҲû뵽СȽȻ۷ɧ֮ԼӲȵĴ󼦰͵Сɧƺڷ޾һģһһԼľҺĸоھҲ̲סģô󼦰ͺݺݵĶһԺҲ衣
ھ֪Ҫ޵ĸӴԼĴ󼦰ϼԼܻһֵľҺԺ󣬾޷սˣǸʱԼɾͲСȽСȽϰˡ
ھСȽɫһ䣬֪Լո̫ˣȻϵ֮࣬ھ侫ˣȥСȽҲ֪ھ˾ҺԺȻһͿأԼҲܲھĴ󼦰͸ԼĿˡ
֮£СȽھһۣٴηסھ죬СסҲ¶ı飬֮Сɧµǹ֮ਵھȻȵľҺһһӿСȽ֮Сɧ
һʰããȻھͻһѣһ泩ĸоӼӲȵĴ󼦰ʹ˹˵ζë׾ָоȫͬڱСȽʱĿ⣬ԼĴͷ֮ĥĿ⡣
ھһҧֻϵСȽʶݣ֮Сɧеļȴ΢΢ЩصļӲȵĴ󼦰һŽۼ֮УھɴϲҲ֪ǷСȽ̫ɧԼĹѾ㹻СȽƵĵزţ˻ġ
оŴӴ󼦰Ͷ˴紥һ ֣ھæ̣ͦסģСȽһйʶĥȴûзŵұֻʣ׸ĽõѪڵĸоھҲˬøȫë׶˿һ
ֻھҲΣ˵òȡչޣСɧ»˵СȽɵ׽СȽڴСȽպٲԼ֣СɧԼĴ󼦰ͣȴ鶯˼֮ھҲ̱СȽϣһʱûˣһʱ䣬ֻʣŮһһҵĴϢ֮


264 ٸɺźϣ
ɺĴɶҵںʡѧУй֪ŮԱݳƵĵӾ֪ѾΪѶ˾ǩԼˡҲھǱ
ʱڣھǰ˲輸ϵһˮͷһ˱Űɺɵ°ͣһڱȥŽ֮˹ɺھ֪ԼŪ޵ٸʱˣϣھ£ͿʼŰɺչ˹һսĺϷϿݡ
뵽Ҫ飬ɺһʱЩһֿų嶯߼Ŵ̼ĸӵӿͷðɺĺЩ·ЩһģɺҲͲǿ󼦰ڲõĽҪ뵽Լ֮СɧȥԼˣھӲϼʲô
ֻھͷ֣һŨʱӿɺУζڱ㻬У𣬰ɺƿѹھǸζȴ̲סһִ̼ðɺͻȻãԼھһһôȷѡ
ɺȥھҲֻǵȴţĿŰɺϴΰɺڲԼԼĴϵıھ֪޵ٸȴǼΪеģҿҲһҪǿö࣬ȻĻҲҹ˾ʱһܵοȥˡ
ھ֪ɺԼģԣھż϶ֶŵģҪԼĿע֮£Լȶô˵ھãۿһòٸģҪԼ־ͲԼḶ́Լúõڰɺٸ̣żĴ̼Ͱġ
ھĵȴȻûа׷ѣãɺʼеɺоھĿ⣬·һεħһģԼʲôλԼʲôλͿʼûĸоðɺѾȻھ˵ģҪĶ֣ɺͱһ֮еٸ԰ɺӣھڰɺϸκε飬ɺҲ϶ǲᷴԵˡ
˿̵İɺһŵָƵѾҺС΢ţҲһϢһ˫ĿȻţǻ˵񣬷·ھ˵ĵĳ嶯Ϳ˵ķ飬ھɫֿԺҲɵʳָ
ھ״ǰȥɺĽڴϣɺƾת˲ʧ٣ϴԡ֮еǻȡ⣬οټǱھĿ⣬ӼŴĴ̼أ
ɺھԼ㴽ھͷһ뵽ɺһĸоӿͷ޵Ůˣ̲סһִ̼ܵھͷһ죬ˡ
ɺھһھ˫еشа⻺½оԼ·ھħ֮£Ļɺоߣһ˿Լ¶İǰĴ̼˷ˡ
Ȼǵһοɺˣǵھɺĳ鷿˵֮ͬһԼ޳׵ȳԼǰʱ򣬺ǲɵ΢΢һϣǾ壬·𾭹˾ϸһģòһ覴Σ˼ͣ٣뵽һ߾壬עڽҹԼ棬ܵ¶ھĺͲɵĳһ˫۾УҲһĿ⣬ɺھӣȻٴεĽԼ˿ھɫԵĿ⣬ԼӼ
ɺоھĻȵĺһ˴Լ⻬֮ϣԼļøӵķʹҧ촽ûԼھĿӼ֮£Ĵ̼ȴðɺɵͦ壬Լͦ鷿Լƽ̹ͬƽԭһС֮ͬһֵչھǰھĿȵӣɺãԼǶӵ˼Լ˻رһġ
Ƭ̼ɺ޴ƣھǴֲڿĴڰɺߣµķݣǰҺĹϪɺǿɰӣҲ̼زҧס޳ָǰɺҲǹˣǿǰھðɺְֺޣɺܵס类ڵĴƶֹˡ
оõɺķӦھаЦŮˣӵùӵ֣ھɺĶڻûɺķºԼĳɾ͸Ҳ󣬺οķӦɺĿǻعⷵգֻҪԼټӰ֣ŮҪͶˡ
뵽Щھɵ¶һ˿Цݣֻڰɺ֮Сɧϸŵ֣ȴһ죬֮ϣĸŪֱʱھŷ֣ɺ֮䣬ŢһƬˣٸȻԼŸոս뵽״̬ʱѾǴˡ
оھԼ֮ϣ֪ھָ϶Ҫֱ룬ռԼ֮صСɧˣ뵽ЩɺһǸоִ̼ȴҲ̼ðɺ޷ܵطҪ࡭󡭡㲻Ҫǡ
Ҳѹְɺܲˣɺ类Ĺ覵峹ױ¶ھǰɺôҲû뵽ھһֻħֲ˰ɺķΣʱ̼ŰɺľѨðɺؽ޷Լɺȫ޷񣬾ѨҲԼеشǴһھħմһǿҵĿ޷ܵϮתѽɺķû
ܵڵ߳鼼ɳ£ûİɺȫ֧䣬ɺ֪ǰԼְֺ޵ھѳ㣬ѾͷԵİɺѾղˣжǼӲȵĴ󼦰ʹԼĴ̼ҲøӵĿ
ɺ֮ʣھͻȻ뿪˰ɺĽȴ˰ɺ˵ԶЩϸǰ˼ɫ屻Լ˵Ĵ飬ھɾ̾ǰһ覵壬ֻɺһֻѱСһڴϣСߵͨ죬߽գһܵŮһ㣬㺹졢̱ڴϡ
ɫķκ𣬷ǧ崿΢գֳֺĽëһ˫ˮͫ𪽿ֱͦһ˫Բϸ磬һƬѩҫ۵һ˫񻬡ͦӯٸ飬˿̣ͦԵ鷿ϵͷԼĴ̼֮£ҲȫļӲ
ǾӨѩ׵ý͸֯ӯӯһգ֡ѩƽĽС£޳ѩȺ߽Уһ˫ϸķԲСһԹá޹ǵĻԲ޳Ƶ˫ȣһյ㣬ھ˸оӾϵ˫ش̼
ȣȻΪʹھɺ֮Сɧµ޷⣬¶ںڵëȴھӶҪ˳˿̣Ǻںڵģܵë֮ϣѾմ˴Сɧˮǵ㳿¶ʹðɺ˵Ϣ
ɺȻѾǶʮٸˣȴüãһȻŮһʵǹ⻬ĸоҪȥֻ۾ھᵽ־˵ĵԺջˣһʱ䣬ֻʣھصĴϢͰɺ޵
ŰɺԼĿӼ֮£ݵŤ壬岻ͣı˵ƣھɵĵһڣھŸоԼһֱŲͰɺһͺǶôֵõˡ
ɺھͻȻ뿪Լʧ֮أɵһ˫ˮĴ۾ھڿھԼĳ壬ͣ¹ʱ򣬰ɺɵһʱİɺͻȻãһּߣֽĸоӿͷߵǣھɫǣȻĿԼ壬Լһ޵ݵĸоǣԼ壬Ȼھ֣ɫж˵עĿ֤Լ˾˵ɱ뵽ԼʮŮˣȻ˵ջ󣬰ɺôܲء
ɺԴӺйӴûбκεĿԼԼɷҲûһԼȻĶĿԼһĴ̼ӿͷðɺĺӵļһԷͦ鷿ҲӾҵ˼˵Ĵ̼ðɺ˵ǣоھĿӼ֮£Լ֮СɧȻеýģȴֹסˮһһɵ˳ڣѾоԼĴȸʪ
оóɺЩţ뵽ԼڽϾܵ˼ٸ壬ھɴΪ˷ܣûĿ⣬ӼһɺĳԺھãԼԽԽܿԼˣ֮£ھڵͺһһεĿ˴ߣһ˫ɫ֣Ҳһεڴϵľɫٸ˹ȥ
һǹ⻬ļӴھ͸ƲסԼһģʼＱڰɺŵֻھ˫ֲϵڰɺǻֻ֬ĽϸԹɺϸвλɵָŻ꣬żŵ״£о淢
ɺھھҲԽղ֮£ھɫַ·ܵʲôεĹһģԽԽþ⽿߲ٸ壬ͬƤ֪Ļȵ֮£Ҳɡ
ɺɫ糺죬˫ȷҲĲɺԾߵÿУеһ˿дŵĽ߱ĻһػĨ𽥵ȫھ֧䣬ھĻȣ޵ٸ̲סĴ
оٸĻһ飬ھҲӵ˷֮£ھ޼ɵĸŰɺȡΡԼʪԼ֣ٸеĲλ̼ٸ񾭡
ھŰɺʪ촽ɺҵػӦ໥ཻ׷𡣰ɺȻе֣ԭھǼӲȵĴ󼦰ڰɺԴǳɺѿܵӽԵǰϣõο塣
ɺоԼЩѹƲסһ̣Ѿܵȼ֮Сɧ﷢ĸо̼Ѿ˵ٸðɺʼͣͦ壬ʹԼСɧ²ͣھĴ󼦰ͣɴҪӲȵĴ󼦰ͣһڸ̽Сɧȥ
ھҲоٸĵĿ뵽ԼڣԾٸˣھɵ˷ܵЩҪһɺԼĲɫھֶҲ¶˱ԵĻЦݡ
ȻھѾоõɺѾޱȵĿԼܽ󼦰Ͳ뵽֮Сɧ棬ôͷϾĥø֣ھƫƫðɺԸ˺յðɺɽ졢Ұɣ
ڲ֪ԼΣҪ󣬲أŵΪǣɺҲܿܵ㡣
ھⶺɺҪʲô
һ˵ţھһ߻ЦţŰɺһŵָƵҪٸڵԼ˵Ӷݲٸģðɺڲ֪֮䣬ɴϵ޵
ɺߺ죬̲סһô˼ңҪԣңҪʲô㣬֪֪ܲô㣬ɣң׼ˣӽԺңұˡ
һ˵ţɺһ͵һͦѩ׵ĴƨɣҪ󼦰׽ԼСɧȥ
·֪˰ɺͲסӣôһһģھ΢΢һ̧ʹðɺСɧһգͬʱھŰɺһŵָƵ֮¶ʧı飬Ȼթ֪㲻˵ףҪҸʲô㲻˵ôѽ
ھĻЦ֮Уɺ֪ھԼ뵽ԼĺҪھھԼٸϵҲʮֵᣬµͷϽԼɺ΢΢֮£ɺĹĲһԣͷҲƫ˹ȥ·ھӡ
ɺһУˣҲϵھʲôѽǾþԵ֣ɺһϷҲĻھҲͲھˣԣɺԺھǻЦݸӵһ̧ҪԼӲȵĴ󼦰뿪ɺ֮Сɧ£һ߳ţھһ߿Űɺ뿴Լľٶ֮£ɺεһַӦ
ɺû뵽ԼֻһľٶȻھ˴ķӦ֮£ɺɵ鼱֮䱾ȵģǴ󼦰ɢļӲϢ̼ŰɺȻûб룬ָоȴǴ̼ģھ뿪Լ㣿´ԼûھǼӲȵĴ󼦰͵ĹݣҪ
һ˵ţɺһͬˮһŤһģջҲھϣһ˫Ҳ§סھĲӣԼŵĽھϣСǲͣĹţѰھѾ뿪Լ֮ӲȵĴ󼦰ͣһŵָƵ֮ϣҲΪܵСɧ¿įĴ̼ü


265 ٸɺźУ
ɺķӦ˵ھԤ֮ˣοھҲûҪ󼦰뿪Ц˰ɺǽĽԺ󣬲ھͲһˣȻϵ˰ɺķӦӦľҳ̶ȣǳھϣɺ鼱ӣھһ㶣Ȼһϲ֮£ھͷյ˰ɺĶߣһŰɺ㷢һһ૵Ķ԰ɺҪʲô
һĸоӶӿͷ̼Űɺ񾭣ĸоԶΪģѸٵɢ˰ɺÿһֻһھĥţھᣬɺһüҪγˮ˼ͶˣҪǱ㣬˼Ҫ
˵ذھš
ٸ˽ѱھֵЦ˳ھ֪Լɺȫ֮£ھǿޱȵ󼦰Ͳ뵽ɺ֮СɧԺ󣬱ɺĳ׳ɺɫԵµκεˣּңҲ㹻ģ˵˵ҵǰòô󼦰ͺúõĸô
ھȻƷԼɺĲӣϼͰ㣬¸ƻǣǿҵɺȫ޷ѡһҪģݺݵɣ֮£ɺܲ˵ĴܣҪ㣬ҪĴ󼦰ͣҪĴ󼦰úõĸҵСɧ£ҪĴ󼦰ˣҪ󼦰͸ˡ
һֱҪ󼦰͸úõĸһΣҵСɧ£ңҳϣǺҲ÷ɧҾϲܵĴ󼦰ͣҪܵĴ󼦰ͺúõĸһΣĻȥҲǣҲĸԸģܣҪҪĥˣҴˣҴˣô󼦰Ұɡ
ɺĿȥоԵĿ֣ɵСֲ֪ʱѸǻ̵ľŴӲȵĴ󼦰ͣȴ׳ĴУɺ̲סӺзֵּӲȵĸоðɺʶһѾЩɵ㴽ɺ˼˵ķ顣
ɺȥ̽ϵɬη⣬ҵȴյðɺ̬ھ֪ʱˣһ˫ڰɺϾѲΣŮתģһǹֶãǼӲȵĴ󼦰㣬ɺ޳ѱطֿھͦǹɺѰҺĵѨ
ھûʲôֻһͦǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͱ㽥ûѨڣɼɺѨ֮ǶôˡھоԼżһͷǲ·һ̸һģһԼĴͷӣҪԼĴͷȥҪסԼĴͷеķʽӭԼİķÿһġ
ůģͬ뵽һƬůĺ֮еĸоھвɵһ֣ͷϴĸоھ֪ԼһѨмƷ˷ܣȻͲԶˣ֮£ھţŰɺСɧͦţͬʱھе֪ое˴ͷϣ˴ͷСɧǰŵĸоˡ
ǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͲͦɺֻԼĿһرζɺߵİǿҵĳʵͻȣյİɺӴȪ磬̲סŤӭǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͣһŵָƵ֮ϣҲ¶˼ı顣
ͻذɺֻһʹһǿҵĳʵУʹվס˰ɺɺһ޷԰ε§ھ׳ĻԭھӲȵĴ󼦰һͦĲ뵽˰ɺСɧµɺȻǵһνӴھĴ󼦣Ҳһ׼֪ھĴ󼦰ôĴִԼܲˣЩʹġ
ĵ󼦰һ嵽׵ʱ򣬰ɺŷ֣Լ׼֮СɧﾭǰϷҲõ˳ֵʪ󣬵ھļʵ̫ˣЩ˰ɺԤϣʹĸоȻðɺ̲סȫ֮£ɺҧ촽ˮĿھһ˫Ҳץסھĸ첲ָףǼҪ뵽ھȥ
ھɺӣ֪ԼĴ󼦰ͲֵٸˣȻΪ󼦰Ͳ뵽˰ɺ֮Сɧǰɺʹı飬ȴھвɵһϧ֮£ھɵͣ˶
ھͣ¶ǽ󼦰ͳ˳ǽ󼦰ͣ棬Լſ˰ɺϣһͷ˰ɺĴϣοŰɺȻھľٶ˴󼦰ͣȻ΢ʹĸоȴðɺɵһ죬ɺ֪ھϧԼҲɵķ˼ָжæſС죬ھǵһ
ʱİɺ֮СɧھĴ󼦰ͣھͷһԷͦѩ״鷿ȴھŵļѹ֮£˱ƽ״ƣҪжҪ̼ж̼ɺȻЩʹǱĺȴЩ
˿̵İɺֻãԼеĵطĸĸоһӿ뵽Լļ䣬ȻǴ󼦰ͲԼ֮СɧԼЩʹ࣬ǿҵʹһ㶼ûɺѣһʹ֮漴ӿǿҵĿУɺ۵ѨھļӲȵĴ󼦰ǿҵس˿ءܵػմȾ˰ɺ͸ˮǹ鲻Խ䶯
ɺԼأ֫צƵزھĻ߽ѿڶڴ£ڽϣھĴ󼦰ͬԼÿһʱӣ뵽Լ֮СɧԸóѵĸо޵ٸɵĳһ
ҲֹһεھӲȵĴ󼦰ͲԼ֮СɧʱԼĸоĵȵ󼦰ͲʱɺȴãԼǰеЩ̫ЦˣΪУϸ޷ȥģҲ޷ñīȥݣءáʹɡֺ֡ˬôġ㡭มŪɺʹȴ֡ȴֺ𡭡ѹŲ㡭һɡðңڣѾˣ㣬㶯ɣҪҪңŪ㣬ģܣϲģĴ󼦰Ͳ뵽ҵģҵСɧָоѽΪδسԵԼǾͦļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣھҲֶΣۿԼĴ󼦰Ͳ뵽˰ɺ֮СɧķӦˣǰɺķӦȴĳھϡ
ھΪƾԼְ͵Ĵִ󣬾ܰɺԼĳֵСɧҲѾʪޱˣǱؾǵһνԼĴ󼦰ͣʹʹþܾԼ룬ҲҪϸϰ죬ӦԼ󼦰͵ĴִӦԼĳġ
ھû뵽Ȼֻж̶̵ļӣɺԼ²ͣŤ壬ҲҪԼ鶯ţֳղı飬ǴԼĴ󼦰ʹԵĴ˴ͷСɧⲻͣ˱ŵĸоھΪԼĴ󼦰ʧȥ˹Чء
ھǻ֣󼦰Ͳ뵽ɺ֮СɧȥԺˬĸо̼ھ񾭣ʳ֪ζ֮£ھҪĳģΪɺĲʣʹһ˿⣬ǿסԼĵĳ嶯ģڰɺ׵ıʾĵĳ嶯ھȻǲԥˡ
أھʼȴͦγͣתǼӲȵĴ󼦰ڰɺѨͷĥתһɺѨǿҵھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͽסζھʱǿ̳͵ĳ嶯Ⱥúõܰɺһ
ھỺĥɺɾͲˣɺѨھһһĥţÿһⶼھһ㣬䲻ǿңֱѵζȴǼĸоᴩȫðɺоԼͻȻ÷ԽԽߣԽԽߡ
ζһϮɺǰһζһϮŸոܵһϮǰһѹȥζðɺѿܣһ˫޳زھֽؿھһŵָƵ֮ϣҲ¶ı飬һ˫ˮĴ۾У֮⣬Ҳ¶˼ֿȵĻ𻨣вסԾĵ
𡭡ôᡭม㡭㡭𡭡ĥɺɺҪˡá顭มᡭѽ㡭̫šáûĥĥɺӴҪ𡭡ĥ㡭̫㡭ŪġŪɺˡ
ɺͶ룬ϸ˵ĺƣһͷӣţü۽Ǵ飬ھɴǵ⣬뵽ԼӲȵĴ󼦰Ͳ˷ϵٸ֮Сɧ棬绪֣˵ٸԼǹתʤߵھתλԼĴ󼦰ڰɺСɧš
㡭ǡ㣬Ǹʲôѽʲôѽƣƣ̫̫ˣңܲˣܲ˵ģ㣬̫ңˣ㣬㣬㾹ȻȻĥңңҶҪҪˣĺˣܣܡɺȻ˵ţȴͣŤһѩ׶ʴƨɣڵƹ֮ջĹâһһµĳھĿ粿˵ײʱžžžţʹ䣬һĶ˼䴺ɫ
úõŪһŪɣɺҿ㿴㣬鷿ô󣬺ôͦѽĺѽ㿴㣬㻹˵һأģͷͷӲˣǣǲôǲǣǲҵģҵĴ󼦰ͣӵģӵ˷ӶӶ㣬˵˷ѽɺɺ㣬ĺ÷ɧңҰ㣬ˡ
ΰ˹ھŰɺ˵嶯ɴϣðɺھϣʪѨΪ˹һشˮѨĥĸо֮ŵĥһǿҵĿ⣬Ūϼ£֪أ
ŸոոھĴ󼦰Ͳ뵽Լ֮Сɧȥûܵ³ĿУ㱻ҪŤҡɺ߲ĥζӡڰɺķھ˫ֿڰɺӯһյͷǿҶشŰɺĶⱾͱͷԵɺôͣأ
ɺ˫ֳھʪؿڣĥΣߴھָ·´֣ɺظȥ˿̵İɺͷҲһԷ˵ԵĴ鷿ǲͣŶǰţ˵ӣھ޲ýɰٸˣ뵽ͷȥ
ھĥ֮䣬ɺѳ˲ζ˿ɰɺʳ֪ζİɺԲŹһʼĥĶЩ裬ھ˫ֵĴ죬ԼնɺĶ죬һ˫ˮĴ۾ҲͣĿھҪھĴ󼦰Լ֮Сɧµ׶֮£һʲôķӦҲ˶˵
ɺһ߽ھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣƬԼһĥǰ󻬶̵ǹԼѨסĥѱշٸǿҵ𣬱һ֭ˮסھĸϡ
֪Ӻʱʼɺ˫Ѳٳھǰˣɺͦ󣬽ؽԼĵȫչھ̰ǰԭӷ·Ҳ󵨵ĶͻƣڵİɺȫռˣɺֵھŤţҵؽԼϣŤȸѳھĴ죬ڵİɺֵֵ֮ۡ
á˶㡭มɺɺá׶ңҸооģĴ󼦰ͣ󼦰Ͳ徧ãúѽ񣬺ҪҵĻģȥأģܣˡɺ㣬Ҳûᣬûᶯѽ㣬Сɧ£ҲеãеҺѽģɺû뵽㣬Сɧ¾ȻȻôô֪ӵĻң죬һһŹģҲãõڣڣţ֪֪Сɧ£Сɧ¸ҵģҵĴ󼦰ͣ󼦰ʹˡ֡ᡭ
ھȻ˵Ļɺɵûɺѳ֮УϾƬ֮ǰɺΪԼҪҪھĴ󼦰ͲԼ֮Сɧأھһʣɺôܵء
㡭⻵ѾѾôɺˡҪԡ𡭡ð㣬Ĵ󼦰ͣ󼦰ͶˣңҵĻˣˣҵĻˣĺѽܣ㶥ˣҼУҼУҼ㣬ңСɧ¼жϣϼģĴ󼦰ͣãģĴ󼦰ԶģԶҵģҵСɧҵģҵСɧ¾Ͳᣬܵܵ˼˼֮ˣ


266 ٸɺź£
ɺʱӲţھһЦ˫ִӰɺ㺹һһסھǰסԾ飬һŰɺһԷ˵ԵĴ鷿Լ²ͣı״Լĸоھһ߻ĶԻҡͷԵŴ󼦰ͳĿֵİɺɺ𣿡
š桭
˫鱻ھһۣԭֻǴѨԴԴסһӱ£аɺôܵˣɺдЩ䣬ȴΪʹߣյʵ̫̫ˡ
ʲôط
ɺڵ˸߹ͷԼǰھûɵһ˷ܣһ˫ҲӵļӴȣʹñѩ׵Ĵ鷿ԼĴֵİ֮£ѾóͷҲӵļӲ
㡭⻵ʡɺɺܲˡֱ𡭡ߡɺĺ
ھ棬ɺ˼㣬˵ӣңǵ˷۵ĵزھֵİ¸޻ˣŪİɺ벻йˡ
ᡭ㡭⻵𡭡Ūˡɺ˵ɺ˵ǡš㡭ֺû󡭡ɺˬͷӲˡСı֡Ӳֳô֡ĥĥɺᡭ桭ˮˡһʼȻʹǡʹĺɺáมáɺҪҪˡ
˵ɺڳ̥һν˾ҵ԰ǊõĩܵˣһھֶǳɫУټھ֮£ɺѾȫı˳οɺ㱻ڲλλɺȥ̽Լֵĸд
صİɺȻκ׷ѰֵĻᣬɺվзǴ˵мңһ±ˬͷûü£ѴָھڣҲйֻ̩֮һ飬֪ʲôڳ˳İɺֱ£˾ȫ̱ھǰѡ
оɺȻй˵ھһֹסԼ֮һйעĳ嶯òŸھǰİɺĹ⡢ӣᴭ㷢ʪĿã覵ĽϷһ㱡⣬ˣټϼκ컹ϣ˶Ŀ
ԭŮʱ򣬱Ǹ߳ʵĽģοɺԭ޾µľɫٸһйľˣھѣһ֮㣬Ҳ˲ϧˣھһոԼĴ󼦰ͳ֮йľɫٸѹ£ʼ鶯
Ҫ𡭡ɺҪɺʱˣ
ɺڸֻ߳øûһ˿һģּϱھһѹɺȻ֪ھҪʲôˣ뵽ԼҲֲ֧סھ󼦰籩һĵڶγ壬ߵŮӣȻ
ûа취һɺŸˬйŪĻŮλŮһλڵİɺʹͺͰɺϵڱһһ㲻棬аɺôܾھޱȵַأοڸ߳İɺԼôй壬˿ĩأɺΪ֮ɬǣԼ鵱ейѨ֮УھųһҲûѾӲȵĴ󼦰ͱֱѨģոյĸ߳ʹðɺжȴھ͵س˼أζֻصϣΰɺôҧƤҲѹǽĳ嶯
ɺѣȴƿԼҲûУھЦھ֪ɧֵľٸٵסԼˣھ˫ס˰ɺķΣɺ޳ĵش󿪣Ѩȫ¶漴Ծͦǹֱ
ԭѱδʵԵĻңٸھͼ£ɺֻһĿбȷŸǿҵϮһһǿңת˲ɺָǲγ𶥣֮£ɺŤ壬Ȼҧ촽һ˫ˮĴ۾˿ȻԼ壬ӭھĴ󼦰ͶԼ֮Сɧµĳˡ
ھĶɱȷֱ˵ˣھƿ̢Űɺ˵壬ÿεĳֱֻģһлǹһĥһ˳ֻĥİɺÿһµĴ̼ͻ˰ɺķֱӹ˰ɺķģɺѨҺӿȪ㲻סйֳǱīݡ
ھڸոյһɳ֮УĹɺķĳڻδֱĹƣ̰ɺԲһĹɺӦӲϾ֪ʱȫû˵Ĵ֮УѵǾֳͷ
áð㡭˶ö㡭ĺáͣɺ졭챻ˡ㡭ɵɺáม㡭𡭡ͣ
มม졭찡졭㡭š١㡭桭ˡ㡭㶥ĺáӴ֡Ҫ嵽Ƕˡ١ѽɺˡ
áˬ㡭١ٲһ㡭һ㡭ﲻСᡭỵáѽ桭ǰ͸ˡɺˡ
šɺӲô֡ӴมǶ١㡭㶥ɺˡɺҪҪˬˬˡˬɷɺˡšɺɵɺйɺҪҪˡ
˼ɫ·ɼԼļӲȵĴ󼦰֮ת䶼ǶԼĿھйǿҵУࡢ߲ʵľɫٸԼȫ֮УģɸɵҲš
áɺС㡭Ѩֽеֵˬˡ㣬ģСɧ£еãеҵģҵĴ󼦰ͣ󼦰ˬˣ㣬Сģ̫̫ˣңҪ㣬Сɧ£
šǡɺСѨҲҲɺеĺˬ㣬Ĵ󼦰ͣ󼦰ͲãңҲˣˣ󼦰͸磬󼦰͸磬㣬ģĺѽɺˣˣ󼦰͸ңҺð㣬ѽ
١ٽлһ㡭һ㡭еøĸһң֪֪ǣһһ򲻼ɫģߣ߹ɺڣڴϣڴôеģôеģдңҾˬòˣ˵ģ㣬ң㣬㡭ڴôеġ
ǡɺɺ֪ˡšáø硭ɺ׸硭㡭ǺôӲıมɵɺˬСѨҪɻˡɺ׸HġHĺ㡭͡ɵġɵɺĺá
׸硭ɷ򡭡㡭١һ㡭ѡɺøһ㡭ɺᡭɺˬġˬĺʲôʲôҪˡม̫ˣ̫ˣģ󼦰͸磬㣬Сˣ
û뵽ֵľɫŮɺأѧҲ죬˵ļɶѧ٣С͸ŰɺΪ֮ˬھҲͲסˣھٸ˰ɺȣɵĸ͸졣
ɺھһ㣬ĽϸղŸӵͻÿαHʱĴ̼ҲǿˣɺˬðǣʲôΩһܸоֻѨﴫһ±һ¸ǿҸĿ֡ȵھڳܲסɺѨ֮ȻĽУһ齫Һڰɺ˵嵱ʱɺҲѱĸ߳ǲ壬һһʱ˶̱ˣھһ˯˹ȥ
ã˯֮УɺͻȻ˹ֻȵĿ˿֮ϣĦ֮˵ĳӯȫ⳩ԴΪ֬˿ĦΪڴϵİɺǸ߸ͦдĸоһǿ޿ɶֵĿУǶϴ̼ɺ˶ûѣѱܵͦŤΣסͦ͡
һ̧ͷɺʱǺΣ˯֮аɺѱתӣڵİɺ泯Ŵصһ󾵣еԼϰصڴϣȴ߸ߵһ˫类ܹͷŻ󿪣˵֮Լһǿ׳Ӱһ˫ֿס˰ɺϸСɺ˵ӭھĳסתŤһˮ
ǿĵطǰɺĿԴ˿̰ɺ޷壬֮ȴ̲סɺԴʤǾͦļӲȵĴ󼦰ͲѣһһεسŰɺѨģǱ͹ĵζɺޱȻ죬ȴָоѨĵ޵Ŀ飬ȴǼӲȵĴ󼦰͵ռС
ֻɫ欣֣绪ٸɺշǳˣʱʸһʱֵԼѹƲסĵԼھԼķˣһھޱȵ飬ͽԼװԼԥŵĶһӼᶨӴˣھʼԼĳŵ޾ŪԼȻڵڶθ߳ʱҸû˹ȥ
⿴ܰɺԭĴϱ췭ң类Ĳģϱ֮ϾǲգԼֻʱھĻŭţԼ˯ڼͷ֪ѱھڲ˼Σ뵽Щɺٴε


267 ٸɺź꣩
ƫƫζѣһǵԣɺٸĻ飬ȴΪԼھ´ȥԺԼ裬ΪɺķظоڵԼڴ֮¾ϲ¡룬ԼɷӰɺ˾⡣
ھǾΰļӲȵĴ󼦰һδιݰɺ壬ɺʤسܣɺķĽȴǰϲҪٸ֮Ѿ֪ھĴ󼦰͸˶ٴεĵСѨǴΰ޴ʹİɺóʵ
ҧúǻɺĿ۽ǻᣬȴΪʹʣΪȻµȻӦɺϸϸƷζţоǴȵļӲȵĴ󼦰ɺխѨһΪǲŸϮɺĿԼԺھħֽŵʪһ߸ĳɺһߴھŴϢĵͺ𣺡áø߹ѵɺɺ㡭ֻֽܼСá˸ɼٴζᡭǺѨøٸСӡе
۸ڶԼ˿̾ھУɺģҲ֪ôţ˿̵İɺֻ٣յޱȳңһֻǼӲȵĴ󼦰͵ĿʹĻˣԾСľǴ⵴Ľ
šáø硭ɵɺĵĺø硭ɺ˵׸硭ɷ򡭡㡭 ɵɺˬŶȻȻɺСѨܼСɲᡭŶ㡭ͶɼΡ塭嵽ɺййˬйɺСѨˬЩ
ֻǴɺҲڵģһڵѳ嵽˶㣬Щ˵ڣɺֻǰǷ˻þɺԿԼѨסھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͽਲţ֮븹ģɺҲ޷ԳֵڵĻֻӣҰСϣθǲסͦŤҡ̬ء
ѹ޵ٸϣô󼦰޵ٸﵽĸ߳ԺھҲͲסĳࡢ߲ʵİɺˬʹȥʱھҲһйע
ھⷽ츳˵ֻҪҪʱӲϢ֮ھ߻µİɺһ˿ҵ̱ţ֮κ죬ɼһƬҺľ󣬺͵ڰɺµĴ֮価գɧ˵ģھ̵סأ
ҲܰɺŸձԼɹй˯ھ̱İɺ𣬽ɺȱۣðɺŰѨ޷سѽǶȵһ£еļӲȵĴ󼦰ͱͦɫٸȻʪ廬ѨУٴο񱩵غͰɺϣξ֮еİɺһȪй䣬˯֮жˬ
ڰɺѹʱʵѱ˺һˣ۵СѨСй˺üأֻھҲأȴ˲ƣǼӲȵĴ󼦰ֽɺѨüΪ㣬֮ϲŲŪˮ
ɺѹؽھļӲȵĴ󼦰ͽਣھҰһĿ̬ٳŤͦӭСǸɷҽУӭھпھ̲סǿ˳ͣȵĴɨŰɺѩϸ㱳˫ָڰɺϰֵذţܿ˱㵽˾ͷڰɺһĵĴУѨٴγ˻ȾҺĻ
ŴϢһᣬھؿļˣֻɧٸĿ˿˯ȥȴĿؿڻ΢һ˫Ʊھ΢ЩĽͦԲʱźҪΪɺǲѱһھˣ
˵˹ɫ㣬ɺҲעǿҲ棬ɺׯرھ棬ÿζˬˬйߵɺӹӲʣһʱ֮ҲԲֻǰɺԲȴߣֻԵھָ˰ɺǻѼģ˳ŰɺߣָоŰɺĻȡɺߵط֣ھħֵԼ·øˣÿ类ھᱡļƴ˻𻨡
̰ɺĿǣھ˫ԼוĸھǾͦļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣ׳ͦɺոձǼӲȵĴ󼦰ڵȥ˵׳ǿޱȵĳ̣ɺ˼ޣɺƮƮɵǿҴݲͿ˰ɺӣɺٳܲס˵ˣھȻôӲ
뵽Լھ̢֮£޿κεط˾ھҲ벻ɾ磬ɺɵȫһȣ˵ζǿֿɰֻҪŮˣֻҪⷬζв֮ھǷرһٸɣɺѰҲܣԹԵطйðɺʹ鲻ԸҲֻƾ׸ķݶƫǲ鲻Ը֮У˵ǿȴʹɺ˳ɺϸõɾȥһ뵽űھϵظţҪѰɺ˶ɴȥɺͲ޷Ƶʪˡ
ǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͽӲͦɺɵóˣɺʲŷ£ǲԸʧȥ˱٣һһαḶ́˵ĸλɺ裬Ū˰ɺÿһ壬ðɺɷɷȴҲСɺɺԼΪʲôôûãžɵ˹ȥһֱѡʱܵζ񲻸ϼ
ǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͦ˸ֱɺɵ̿ˮɺԸоõھָ֮ӲͦΪٴԼֻǰɺûӭϣֻھķݶ˫ַס˰ɺϸɺɺ̲סһ𡭡ɺᡭẦߡɺ
ǡͲˡ
ڴϣԴŰɺ͸ˮļӲȵĴ󼦰һͦţһ߽ɺ˵屧ǰɺŴǰĴ󾵣ؿžгԼˡֻǺƵĽͷ㺹ջޱȵ˳߻£Եұףǻɫ֣ټϴ޲ֻ¶ü۽֮䣬Ҳ͸㺹᷺ѩۼϣߴӵı죬زڰǱͷ
˫֮ϣ۵ĳչţŰɺٵĺزţɺԼΪ˾оɫߵοھھһŰɺ˵Ķ飬һڰɺţָ޸˵ĶǽѼŵĻôʢɺܵھָӣ
ɺ˳ھָʾֺߴӵطסǼֱͦŰɺˮļӲȵĴ󼦰ͣһ߻ֻѨȥܣۿԼѨοϸؽǾΰӲȵĴ󼦰ڣֱ˸оֻѨǼӲȵĴ󼦰ͦͷѰİɺŵõƫھǡ
𣿡
šá
زտʼʱôˣɺ¸ҵػӦھҰһ㣬뽫ԼͿɵĿ࣬һӦţ㡭̵úɺ񡭡̴ˡǡɺûˡôأ
ûϵɣ
찡ˬˣȥ֮󣬰ɺھȼ䣬ھ˫ֳŰɺ̵ķΣ̧֮ط£ˬðɺ޳
ɺĽھǼӲȵĴ󼦰һͦһɹɾĶǵĿУŰɺÿһ񾭣ȸղŸǿҡ̼ɺ̲סȦסھĲһһȴֲҷŵглԼھ˫ֵĶסһ潿һȫ鴤۾ⱬըһȫǿҵĸ߳ûˡ


268 ʺӨϣ
Ө1971511ճڽʡϲУйŮ֡ˡˣҪ԰Ϊ
1990ǩԼʱӰ˾2090ʼߺ죬ëݳΪͯŮʱӨѾǩԼѶ֣ھŮȻŹ
ھ̸ΪɣӨƭ䡣
ʱھӨ뷿ھذѷŹˡ
ӨһʮֺǰһСһ˫˴ڹ߻谵һȴɫڸסڽдͷһյСơ
ھݣţӨߣٺһЦȻһӵӨеӨܹҾ;ϲ㣬ҵ˰ѣ
Өһû뵽ھȻĸʮֺڸھһ²ǳ¡
Ȼ£ΪȶԷԼӨǱֵ÷ǳ侲ھĻеܣأ
ھٺһЦ˵أٺ٣ӵֵû֣
˵ţھһ§סӨҪʹȥ
Ө󾪣ܵضţͬʱĴھӣеס֡Ҫܣ㲻Ҫ
ھٸ˫ۣ˵ʲôһѽӨ˵ڵءӨƴھͬʱšھĸ첲§ס촽ϺҵţӨվڵغƴš
ھһװ˵ĴѹӨϣİɫȹ£Ө֮们šӨûдͲ˿ֱ࣬ӱַӨֻǿԼȥֻɶ֡
ʱھѾӨĴȸḧֲڵָʱӨһ󵭵Ĵ̼вɵӨ˫ȼӨĴԡھһ§ӨһץסӨڿĴӨڿ㡣
Өھֲڿ㻹ǱԲ̵ƨɶ¶ˣܣˣҪˣŹҰɣ
ӨƴקԼڿ㣬ᶼҪˡ
Ө⣬ٸ鷿ϵĸоھ޷ҿơԶƣѾ˽¸Ө˫֮䣬ӨʪӨ˫Ƚؼʮ˫ȼھ֣ھоԸޱȣջѾǿ췢˵ĸо
ӨľҵƴķֻϣھַһֹͣȻھûһֹͣļָڿӨ
ӨͻȻ֪ʱôôһһδھѣӵϵϣھһνڴʱ˳ֽϵĸ߸Ьѵھͬʱе
Ȼվűߣ·Ҫߡ
ССĸ߸Ьεס书ھھ׾ٵĸɵ˽סˣȻӵһߣŽӨߣŷţȻٺЦӨҪˣûõģǵ㰡ֲǻƻŮˣڶʲôʱˣҪˣɣ
Ө˼Աߵϣе㡭㲻ҪٹҪˡ
ھƤЦ˵㺰ɣҵĵط¥ˣӶǲֹǵĺ¶㿴˭
ӨʱȫվдϣӨԼҪ侲ɤҲԼģӨæ˵ܣ㡭㲻ҪұϾϾǹ⡭
Өδ䣬ھͳһѽסԱߵĴϡӨһߺһϵһֻ߸ЬͲ֪ߵȥˣҲˡӨᶼҪˣھֲڿ㻹Ǳƨɣѩ׵ƨ¶˳
ܣˣҪз֮ǲܣˣŹҰɣ
ӨԽϵȹӾԽ»ֻʣ˿ˡ
Ҫ֡
Өˮջ䣬ڿƨ¾ţֻСŶѾ˽ż⡣
Өزÿ¿е鹵Ҽ˲ŮˣɺټôƯ鹵룬鷿Ư
ھ˵ţһֻ־Өؿ
˵ʱ䣬ھһŴۿʹˡ


269 ʺӨУ
ӨһھӺܸߣ˵䣬ѰӨڴϣ˫־ֱӨȸȥӨ챻ھסˣҲвֻзءİھǵůʪԡ
ھһӨ˿¡žžͱˣ¶˻ŷɫֵǶԼΪ鷿ͱھѹڴϣֱֻ۱ѹ󣬶á
ǴҪΣӨԸһ磬ɴʱӨȫżƤ񣬲סɤҲ˺ѰۣĴǵ̨Լǳ弴ǧеԹӨ¼ˡ
Ҫ
ӨһЪ˻׵ĺС
СԹԣ𺰣ģ£Һܰģܰɡ
ھһ˵һʹؽ޼³¶Өİ鷿Ө߷ŭؿھǵģǻᾪģӨ֪Լ鷿úܺãԲԲ׶ΣϵĹԡŮ˶̲ס࿴Լۣмǻ˵ˣҪҵġӨ룬ԼϹһ֡
ӨƯ鷿˺ţӨ棬ۣƯѽͷǷۺɫģû뵽һ˰Ǻǣ
ھٺЦţȻӨڿʣԽԽ֡
ʱӨµĿȫ򿪣¶زȱȷֿȹҲ˸ϣ¶Ө룬Ϲ֪ڱǰôأӨǰʱϹŭͱ˵
ھִӨ˹ǿŽӨ巭˹ǱӨſڴϵӡ
Ө涶˿ӨоھˣˣһƬհףǰڡ
Ө֧ϰõҪܣϹˣͷŹҰɣȻһᱨġ
ھһѹӨƨɣһ߿Ө˿˿Բƨмʪ죬ȻٺЦٺ٣㣬㿴Ӳô죿㳢ҵһ᲻ñģ
Өͷһɵһھ˼׳£ţǵطǼһֱֱͦţֳִ滹ִֵǼһͷİȭͷô
찡Ҫ£ܳܵžӵĻӨɫһǲ԰׵ġʱӨоԼһֻ뻢ڵСӣķš
ھЦŽӨƬӨ۵˽һα¶ǰ
Өɵľһæס˽˫ȣھȻԼм䣬ϲס
ھɫԵվţȤĿӨı֣˵͹ԹԵҸһ£Ҿͷߣ
ѡɡҧĺأӨһɶɫħ
ھȥ׽סӨһ˫ѹڴϣ⽫ֱͦͦļһӨǰȥ
ſң
ӨֿھԼҲ֪ܵöôӨȥ벻ȥ˫۲š
ھٸĽ̬һ߿һ߻ԻӨ߳ġ
ôԸУһ˱Ҳ治
ھɫԵ˵֮󣬴һ촽˱ӨĴϢ
šššԽԽھ˱Ө촽ڴеӨɵſ콫Լͷ˳ȥ˵ͷһˣھɴཫӨͷҧסͷﱻŪţӨȴ޷ˣϢǿҵĿнӨ˲ʱۿĸ߷壬һǿҵӨӡ
ھӨ࣬Ҳţץסһͬ͸˵һ鷿꣬һߵͷȥס˷ۺСͷţһʳָĴָסӨͷţһɹɵһĴֱ̼ӨȫӨ̲ס΢΢ͷ
Ҫšҡ
Өͷػζš
ھһ˱ͷһֻѾ壬ӹѩƽ̹С


270 ʺӨ£
˼ëھ־Ө۵ⴽϣƬʱ΢΢ţھַֿⴽڽ۵ϴŪš
Ҫס֡
Өͷһִ̼ܵ˫Ȳɵüнɿּн
ôСɧұϹǿ˰ɣԸԸҸɣԸԸϹ
ھһŪӨһӨ˵Ļ

ӨϹʣ͵ļһһӰھھʤΪ⽿Сٸѱû뵽ôһ£һ±Ƶڵϡ
ӨվžܳȥͻȻֻ¾ʣȹӻ䡣
һĹھס˦ڴϣȻѹס
ھ벻ƯŮ˾ĶϴһѼ÷ˣȸɽȥ˵ֻҪȸɽȥҵŮҲֻºߺߵķݡ
ھӨѹӨǰְŴִӨ۵ϡ
Ө۾оھԼ˽̣ʳԼѨӨ֪һֿⴽ뵽Լ壬ԼζʲôԼȴΪ
Ө֪ԼѾûа취پܾˣı۾ˮ˳۽¡
СɧܡҸɵҲ벻
ھĴĥĥʹһ̡ͦһͷȥء

ӨҲһֽץĿ棬ŬԼ
ŶھһӨʱˬ
ھ¶һ˿΢Цſʼ鶯
Өҧ촽гֽڴϣ鷿ھĳζ
ھĳײԹʴϮĿУӷнʴӨ壬̲ס˵ĳнھǳģǺײӨ塣ÿһײʹӨޱȵĳտӨſţǸӲԼײ˫ֽץס˫ѲؿʼʶŶ˵
ھٵĳͣ˵ײһ𣬡žž"ֱ죬һĵطǴʪˮӨˮųͣ˳Ű۵Ĵʳ˺üˮ
Ŷޡھĳ鶯ԽԽ죬ԽԽӨβҲҳ鶯ײ֪Өĵֵġ
Ө淢ǣֻ鷿ǰͣεŵģͷ͵ĺúӲӨҧס촽Ҳ̲סĻԼ޷ԼϹˡ
ھ⳹µޣԲͻȻ͵һ˽ȥӨӱƳٵ棬
Өˮʹģ֪ʱԼھֻǼŮӣûϿԵġ
ھʱѾϰ˴ݣŮѾᳵ·ҲûʲôУµͷӨ˵һα˸ɰɣǲǺˬ
Ө˳ĻĽͷŤһߡ
ǣʹΪ޵ӨȴҪסھԼʱ˿УԼǰֳΪŮΪϵĴ
ʱӨоʼ鶯ˣĳȥǿңӨҲԽԽ죬֪ԼվǿƲסԼˡ
һĿӨ壬ĸоԼһθܵ˸ԼѹֵԷܺͿСӨ߳ܵԼϴˮѾ޷ˣԼڽԼѱ˳׵ռˣ
Өѩ۵Ӵʱţ޳Ȳ濪ţھѹӨţ˫ֲӨͷ࣬Ө˫΢΢ھ࣬ݷھ̫ܲˡ
ھƨӨ濪˫ȼˮյͣ͸ھܿӨںڵĳصذڶӨһӡ
ʱھǸߣӨ֪Ҳ֪ļʱܽƹںڵʪģ֪ԼڳҺԼϺͳԼҺ
ھסӨקӨĴ汻§ڻ
ӨԵԽӨʴӣӨû뵽һŮ˺ߵԽλ޵ݵĴͷ
ھ¶һ˿Цſ˫ۣӺסӨļٴΰӨ§ڻ˫ֻӨβץסƨɣһУͬʱĴһգһϵӨӵӨԾĽһȴ£ԼǸ׳ˣԾߵһĥŵڶΣΡӨȫĴ䣬ӨŪ
ھֱֻ۲סӨ˫̧£ǿҵӾ̼ӨޱȳԵĿͷššĺ߽šزĽӴھ˷ͣٴҵĽӨĴ档
Ө΢һ촽ͱھ˱סˣ۵಻ɵûھ󡱽ӨˮԽԽֺ࣬ܽھһʼͷ̡ˮ
ھÿ¶嵽Өÿһ壬Өɵûһ촽΢ţһ˵ڶӨھļϣȻɨԱߵһ沣ģһƤѩ׵ĳŮ§һ׳˵ļ˵Ļʶšһ˫޳ĴȽ˵Ĵͷĳ˵ʶƮšӨԼ
ǰһлȻУ뵽ڱһ˿ҵ§һԽһǱȵģ᲻۽ΨһģǾⳡ裬Ů˵һ
ܲ˰ɣɧӨ
ھ˫ַסӨƨɣһһٴ룬Өһ䣬һ·ھǰ
ھһ²ȥ쵽Өǰһ߰Ө鷿һ߼ӽ͡
Өͷ§ŵĲӣʶţšĺš
ھ͵ٶԽԽ죬ӨҲԽԽʪˮյĦߴߴĲͣ죬忪ʼ鴤ա
ھ鴤Уе֡

ӨҲѾ˶̴ٵУͷͣţƨҲš
Өһһһ˸߹һˡھ壬ֻץסھĴ󱳣ץ·ǿҪѵģץУܵõһȡԼҪͱըһ㣬ҪըһСһСƬҷɡģ꣬ҪɳʹԣһƮ롣
ӨĽץھڼȵáУܵһʹʹ̼Ե
ӨŤ壬еε֪һжõµ˷ܴ̼ġ
ʱһƥԱýǿ٣֪ͣƣرڣͬʱ˹ӨٸԪ
ˡ
ھڽĶӨƨɺ󣬰һɹɵŨӨ
--------ӨҲһñ-----ھذγһɫľҺӨ΢΢м仺ӨĿڴϣһʱ


271 ǿžϣ
ž198022ճڸйڵŮԱҵϷѧԺϵ
ǰžһֱھһһžȻûǩԼѶھΪ˵õ˰˹Ҫǿ顣
ʱžڴϣ۾ھסھѨ
⿪ʥŮǹ⻬ѩ׵ഺ壬޳˫ȡ˫壬ԼʧȥǵԴڡ
ݵأСϪ
ƷζδȲڴϣ˫ȷֿסžδ΢һƽžſɼ䣬ʱѰﲪĴֱֱִضѾ΢΢ѪԵý쳣Ļ϶Уƴ
ס껨˱žͷϢŴǷ֪˭ҶҪŶ
ΪȼԵЩ塣
žʱޱߵУ԰Σѱȼյ޴ᣬĶо廨ǿҵļʣ𶥵һӿĵʶػӦţ𣿿
ھֻ޴ùͷžƬٰ֮ĥײ㴥ţֱžŪ׵ϳ͵ı飬ҲߵһʱھŽֳĴߣ׼žʥݺݵزȥ

ҵʹڱȻʹžʱһ
ףھѨһ˲䣬ھѾֻĵһˣƱظıˡꡣ
Ϊھʵִ̫ղŵһֻǰ˶ĹͷûžѣͷµĲȫ¶ͷ
ҡʹҡҲˡ
žӽǾӵѩҪ㿪
һɲǣھԺȻһγ棬ٸ롢˼ҹ̹ǵ˼˻ر˿̣˼ĺҪȫԼռˣס֣οԴסһ޷ܵĳ嶯ƺߴһزžʥ֮У
Ѫ˿ѱͷԵھžշתţһ룬˫§סžϸ֫ܣһˡ
һͦ
Ӳ˶ֲڵĴͷӲؽžĴŮظʸ

žֻһִִ󡢹ʤĴء塱Լ޷ܵʹʹ˹ȥ
Ҫȥһ˲䣬ھ͵سѪ仨ɽ
ԭھ͵زžĻ֮һߵ͵һҪ籡̶⿪Ѩ
ɲôžĻһס侫ĳ嶯ѡؽγ֮˵Ϊž̫ˣԸոտһǿȥžΪͻȻ˳⣬ʱѹĪʹ֮оȻеһ󡰿顱ʹǣһ´ز룬Ȼ˿
ô¶
žĻû˵꣬ͻȻһ̶һڵʹϮͷΪһİ
㡪
žĵһӦǷŭ޷
ٺ١ң
ھٴηȥžѹ£һ˫ѩץѹ
žһţͻȻǰһܵͿУԭھͻȻһںסǽεͷһ˱žʮ꣬ʱᱡʱĴҡ
ǣһɿ̹ǵĳڸԽԽǿҵĿУҾҵӣ
žԾ˵ҧסǰһ˽һ˵
ھžĴŮǣǸΪղŵľȥղһ¸žζҲܲסˣͦ滹մŮѪĴִ׼һڣڷҰһĵͺֱȥžҧסԼӣûзʹΪһ¹ʧȥ˷ͷ糱ˮʱû
ӣˡˡ
ھֿž޳һ˫ȣһ±һ¸ٵسÿһγ鶯ۺ˿˿춼ɽ
žǳµĻһ鴦ŮرھֱؿţտʼʱھֻǸÿһγ嶼Ǽɬ쳣Ѿ״̬ԼΪĦھҶѪûвѾ뵽žĽ֮Уֻһ֣Ǿǡ塱


272 ǿžУ
һ޴ֳĶž۵Ѩмּеһһ룬ǿʱžеǰδеĳʵƺҪѿƵģγȥʱֺڵһжһƬ顣
žʱ˵ļҲˡ
Ůľгɣžڵܲסĳ壬˻״̬
žֻԼˮڡȴҲŻưʹ֮Уü΢ڣųʢܸ߳оȻžԺˣֻ֮У
Ѫˮɽ˵ͲݵϣžžײڼžҹﴩԶ
ھĴ壬žǾҵʹˣһ޷ܵĿϮʶӣȻط˽
žʹǿִδĸоҪˢһУ﷢һʶһʹࡢ衢Թ߲ѶѴԺȥֻԼŵھԽԽҵıܵӦ
ھÿεĽ붼ΪžޱߵĿУ˳ʱֿͼʵĸоҲǿңž۰׵Ӳͣ䶯ţȉŨԹѹɫžҵ촽૵ø磬졭㡭
ûҾĺø磡
ھٺ١Цţ뵽ܹĴŮøָӲʱһĳ塣
ǡ˭
žƬ̵Ѻܸ̱߳ľ޴û뵽ޱߵ֮СԲ⻬˷ܶһȻĲǰ˫Ҳ򲻶𵴶ֳһˣźˮˡ
žž޴ͣӿȪҺˮ̣Ƭ޺ݷƵţײҺ㱻ߵĳɹմ˸ˮʪžž޳˫ȸ߾죬гŶ
ھɵ𣬰žѩ׵һ˫ȼļͷȻǰƣֱžѹɶ۵̬žʵ˫ҲԼϥѹΡ
ھʮָץž֬ۻϸ֫¾ްӸ£ÿγ̽ʮ㡢룬žŢʪޱȵһ嵽ף
խĻѱȤÿھľްʱڱճסǰް˳ʱЩСͷعˢһǲϷɣᱻھϺɫĴͷ̺ϸ۵Ľ޻䣬žƬ֮䡣
ֻžھĳ壬ѩοʼͣɸӭڡžžײУüͷ塢۹룬̵Ӻҵҡڣһͷ㷢ɢҡͷԻûĲ
ھְ۵ͷֵĶָžٻදͬʱʱܵžķ۾ֶͷķʽƬ̱ôδµžԾ˿еĸֻ߳žһֽڱϲ֮һǿһ󡭡
ϢͣžӣСзƽһγֿУɵĸоʹһ⡣
žڷһ˿ڴҲˣðáޣҿˣҲˡ
žҲܲסǹҪľУֻͻȻһ٣һ˫ץסԵݣѩ׵Ĵ͵رƯűرֱʱеһתһֱ鴤ԴвסھĴ
ھͻȻеסǽۻһǿˮ㽫ûУʱžȻ𣬿﷢һʹĽ䣺ŶޡҶˣ
̵ˮ籡žƽһδﵽ˸߳
ھѧ֮ˣ˫ޣס۱ˮ̼ؼҪ羫ʱ˫Ŀ죬סĶǶɶǼ㣬ڿס侫ĳ嶯
žڲݵϣʥѩ׵Ľ麹Ϊ߳һƬʱǿµĴпʼضͬʱһ˫ɫסԼͦ˫
СҲˣҲҪˡ
žţھΪû侫øӴִɿܵٴγ鶯
žžžھ鶯Ƶӿ죬žٴα
ھҵļžԽŤĻӦһ˫ۻ޳ȣʱ߾١ʱ̧治֪ðڷźá
֪УǧġŶׯž˫ˡ޳ȣȻסھÿһ²˴ؽСӭϣͬʱžSţĺޡѽม
ھշתľŮƻáߵĸ飬ɵ˴󷢣ӿҰֱֳľ޴شǻȶʵСһֱײ۳֮󣬴ֲڶ̵˶ͷȻǺߴӡȻŵĽۻģͷ˵۸պýžĻϡ


273 ǿž£

һɬޱȵؽ䡣סǿҴ̼žŷһ󼱴ٵĽ񴭡
ھĴžǴδػ֮ĴͷصסžĻȻչһžʴǡɢද봥
ʱʥࡢ崿˵ĸ߹ӣ񴥵زһҵĽ䣺มššŶѽޡҪˡҲˡ
žشţ˫ػھ󣬶޹ǡϸ۹⻬޽һֲסľκͳ鴤
ԴزסǾ޴Ĵһ޷ֵǿ˿˿۵ĽУžѩ׵ƴͦӭʣֻƺƬ̣Ȼ㲻һеؽкޡޡҪˡมźߡޡҲˡѽޡˡ
žŸ߳ȪسھĴͷϡһδﵽ˸߳
ȻžѾθ߳ھȴδ
ֻƬ̹ھžСѨڵĴչһֵĽĶԽԽңس塢شݲУľײȥȥ
ʮغ֮̾ȥͳ飬Ѵĵžͷת򡢽ֹھʵιϣһɹɵμⲻͣس鶯ţͷҰް㣬ƴžشͦ
վǿҴ̼ž֮ǰĸоûȥһ籩꣬ʥĻٶܿǰҵײϼӿٶȺԽԽݵĴ¾ھĴһȵĻҰ۶ȼա衢תͱڡ
ֻžէ֡ڿкߵţȫʼһεĳ鴤ȷŵұظдޣšˬˬҺ͡ѽมมޡҵĺø硭ޡ㡭ðรšޡޡ
žڵĻԽԽǿҡԽԽ룬ҲԽԽӣȼСᴩȫ
ž鵴ϼĽգ˿ԵAޡ˰Ƭʪӣ´ʱ¶׵ıݣ˻˻߹Ŷʱ˦ɢϵһںĳǷƮžķ֡
ӣúˬһأ
ھ͵س
ม
žʱеһ飬ãвʳ˼̻˫ۡ
ھЦŽ˸ſڲݵϡ
ҡҡȡ
ǵžѻ˵꣬ھ͵شӱ§ž֫ѩ׷۵θ߸ͦŴֳһ嵽ף

žһһͻײǰһ㣬һͷںڵĳ衣
ھһ˫סž֫ܣȻ󽫰ȫԼӺ濪ʼһΪĳ塣
ϲӾײһ±һºݡһ±һÿһײѨĻġ
ʹҲˡˡ
ֱܲʽžɵؿ޽ֿ޽зھӷس鶯ţɵžĿ޽ԽԽھҹǾĶǡس
ʹžû֮УšŶޡมˣҵĺø硭ޡѽ硭硭šߡʱʥžʲôֻؽкꡢŶֵֹ֭ӭӿھǿҵسײžȫѪҺҧ´۷һӡ泩ɫ
žѾˣѽܡܲˡѽޡ𡭡ҡޡ㡭𣿡ء硭ѽáˬมɡˡ
ھǴִޱȵĲ룬ųĲϼ٣žһͬĸܣرһαһθҵ
ѽҵĺø硭硭㡭ѡҲ塭ˡޡ
žʼģھԽԽ𾢣žǷܵˣţĳžֱ¡֫ڣѾھҰްƽУŮˣ
ʹֱͲȥѹŻ꣬˿˿ۡܲ͸磬һǿҵĴ̼ͬʱϮžھ
͡
һɹɹ̵ľҺžĻģžĻľһ̡ʱ˻ɽ


274 ٸϺĳϣ
ϺйڵŮԱԭɯɯҵڱӰѧԺϵͬͬѧڡɲơ仨ʱϺѾǩԼѶ֣ھȻǲŹĴʱڣھ˳Ϻ·һֻץס˳Ϻķ˵Ե鷿һֻ֣˳Ϻһѩ׵Ĵƨɣ޵ھ֮£ϺֿʼŤţϢҲһεıôܣɣңҪˣģɣ
Ϻһ߸оھһ˫ɫԼеλԼԼ鶯ĸоһ˵
ھתóϺıŶϡոѾ㶺ĲˣڣָĴ֣ҵģҵ鷿ͣʹƨɣңңҶúˡܣɣңĸоЩЩܲˣܲˣ
ϺһŤ˵ĳ壬һ૵ĵһŵָƵ֮ϣҲ¶һּжɫӣԵ÷ˡ
Ȼģ˾ھڵıѾ¶˳ھǰҲûָ߹ŵϢһĸһģҲ˵Ϣ̼ھ񾭣ھ˷֮£ھ֪ʵĵ
⡭
СɧھӲĴ󼦰ϣˮܵСɧǰ󻬶ôôɧˮһֱͣ
㶺˼ҡôôѿ
Ϻ˵СѨ˳ھûǰϷˣ쳤˫ƹȣѳϺСһһ£;ͷȥ
ޣǡǡˣ
ִļͣ˳ʪѨһͱ˵סรáܡû뵽һ¾͡ȥˡ
ھųϺķβŸϺѾҡʪֽСɧϵ¡
ܵĴԭԭҡô
ϺסھϺĽֽǽڣɿһųϺͦ鷿ϷӲͷµȻŭЮŷϺСɧ¡รܡรҰɣ
ϺͷΪ֫ĲŤӭϣ㺹š
ޣóϺĶȡýҡҪɻ
ھץųϺӣʲôһǳһȫһɶʪѨˮһսھھֻݺݵĲ嵽ͷ- ϲֵľͷɧˮңʼǵףѨҲ֪˵ֵزϣĸҺรˡһ㡭ޣԶԡҡร
ϺѾɢѩ׾֣ͷ˿ŷΰڶɢȻųĽ࣬淢ӰรԡԡมȥˡţˡҪˡޣ
ͰһƬףѩ׵ھץۡมมˡˡมมมˡšˬ
ضصѨһȵȪһͷ
󼦰ͻ¯УޱȪ뵽欵ĳϺԼһ̤Ϳӹʧıɹھͷ㣬Сӵٵͷ󼦰˲͵£Ȼ޷ÿʪůѨȾϹͷÿϸȻʹɧޱȵĴ󼦰ʹˮܵѨת
รรô󡭡ô󡭡มѿˣ
ϺAѨѡޣޣáá
ھھ˫ʹεֽϺѨڣһһСɧֵתھҲû뵽޵ĸԼ󼦰͵ĳ֮£Ȼôľʹﵽ˸֮߳£ھ֪֣˵ĺԼֿԺ ҲûֹͣԼŲƭԼģиж֮£ھĲɵϧ˳Ϻǣھ̱ϢĳϺӲļͻĲѨ÷롣


275 ٸϺĳУ
ããϺŻعˮھӣҪ°˼Ū
Ҿֻ嵽ͷϺһ
ھʵ˵ĵ׻Զһ𣿡
ӣĴھӡ仰Ѱζھһ¡ϲܵĴ󼦰𣿡
ת⣬ھϺ
֪
̺Ρھ˶ǣüůѨﻬһ£ٸһΣҾ͸֪
͡һϺЦ˳бھ˵ѽҪôŪѽ
ǺǣСҺѽһ볢ζôϺȸҺһ£ȻٲСɧ£
Ҫ㾹Ȼҵ飬㿴ô㡣
֪֣ϺһӲһ̲׳İҺɺ׿˳ڻھСͷ󣬻δȫȴھϺݲйҵСɧƵϣֻϺһȻëɦ˳Ϻֱ
ųϺھóϺĴ쳤ͰϣһƨȥӲȵĴ󼦰ʹ͹̱ھСóϺɣúõİҷһ£ҾͿٸˡ
ھ˫ֺסˮ䣬ſʴͣһһҡ
ô¶ǵĻϺסھ֭Ĵ󼦰ͣ˵Ӵû˵ҪҪŪ㣬ͣˡѽ⣬⻹ôأ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣܣ㣬Ĵ󼦰ͣ󼦰̫ˣңңһܲˣܲ˵ģңҲңҡҲ
ҪģֻҪúã󼦰ǻĶģU ң㲻ѾôôĸоһҲĩɣһ뷢󼦰͵ζɣϺɣ뵽Ǹ߳ļɣҶЩܲˣ㿴󼦰ͣڶ˷ѽ
һ˵ţھһϺóϺƨɷԼĿ䡣
ϺֻҪúõķ񣬴󼦰Ͳģ Ͽֵĸ߳ģ죬֮£󼦰ͲǾ˷ôͿʼСɧ³ǣһСʱôô벻Ҫ󼦰ٸѽҿǷǳԸСɧµģֻǣɾҪıˣ
Ȼ֪ϺֻڶԼܻӭòԼһԼӵ˷һСɧ»ָһ£øõһԼ󼦰͵ٴγ壬ھȴǸϺܻӭ˵ӣŪЩ󼦰ͷ·ҲھĻһģھĿ粿ͷʾھĻͬ
ΪóϺõΪԼھһֻ֣һε쵽˳Ϻķ˵Ե鷿֮ϣʼھоϺ鷿ôȴôĳ˵ԣԼָץȥ͸ץһƬů໨һģԼһ˵õĸо
һھԼϵԼĿ֣Ϻһھ˵Ļ뵽ھĴ󼦰ԼСɧӣϺоԼֱ֮֮£ϺǺŵͷӣ߰ϼӲĴ󼦰͡
绨˶ͷŪԼĴ󼦰ͣںڵķ˿Ϊղŵķŵɢҵ磬`Ŀˮӯӯͦı㺹գ̵СմȾЩ׳ҺգһһµʳŴ󼦰ͣھоѪҺֿʼ¸ƶ
Ϻó𣿡
ھЮϺϺ౴ھͷһڳݲĺҡҧҧ㣡
ųϺС﷢죬ŷεĻ߰ڵĽ࣬󼦰ָϺ쳣оӿھƺеóϺοô
ͻȻھʳϺ
ţһˣ
ϺͣﶯЩĪھĨĨϺǶմľҺ뿴οӣģҾһǴֵ̼ģֻҪҵǰο룬ҵĴ󼦰һӵ˷ܵģǵһһӵĳ־õġ
˵ʱھɵĿ˿Լ¶صĻƹϣҲʼ˻ƹϲ뵽ϺСɧԺ󣬲óϺˮɽ뵽ЩھֱͼӲȵĴ󼦰ͣ·ܵĴ̼ԺǴ˼֡


276 ٸϺĳ£
ܣ㣬˵ʲôҪҪڣǰο㣬̫˰ɣңҲŲأǲǣǲô
ϺĻȻ˵ţһ˫ˮĴ۾Уȴ¶һ˿˷ܵĹâھųϺӣ֪ϺĶˣвɵ΢΢һ֡
һ߸ŪųϺһԷ˵Ե鷿ųϺ񾭣ھһ߿˳ϺˡϺԣ㣬Ͳ룬볢ңҵĴ󼦰ͣ󼦰͸ִԺ󣬸ɣģСɧ£СɧµĸоôU ңң㣬İˣǰοǣǲǸӵģӵĴ̼ôңҵģҵĴ󼦰ӲˣǣǾͿԣͿԡúõģúõĸˡúø𣿡
Ҫ಻˼˼Ҷ࡭һ
ϺΪھȤԼͷŪھĴ󼦰ֻͣһΣϺ׶ӵÿһΣھӲȵĴ󼦰͸ĺ뵽ϧǣھĴ󼦰ʵִ̫ˣϺþȫҲֻܺȥأ׶ȴھ˸Ϊ̼ĸо
ƣܣ㿴󼦰ûпοҲñȸոոӵĴִһЩôôĴ󼦰ͣ嵽ҵСɧһˬģܣ㿴ǲѽϺоھĴ󼦰Լ ׶֮ºֱ˲٣³˴󼦰̧ͣͷھһŵָƵ¶ʤЦݡ
ھһЦͻȻ佫ǸԼҧһڵĴִĻƹϸ˳ڳϺǰһΣϺ·ʶʲôһģһŵָƵҪγѪһģߵ׵ھȼ䣬ŤŤڰڣ֮£Ϻѩ׵ƨɾ̧˺󷽡
ȻھȴܸоóͥĳϺСɧ£ڣӦǶôˡ㺦ҡ㣬ʹĶԲԣ㣬ңҽƹϸ뵽뵽ҵССɧȥԲѽ
һ⴫ʹóϺһҪھҧȥ
ھסϺ磬óϺһߺȰóϺ㿴Ҷ׼ˣ㣬һΰɣƹⶫѽԵ󼦰ãѧԳԣеӪζɲһõģóϺɣŰɣңһúõοӵģ뵽ƹϻСɧģҾͻ᲻ɵ˷ܣóϺɣſ飬İǰоõ޴Ĵ̼ģ
ϺŤû֡ȻѾԴ󷢣ҪھĴפһεĲ뵽ԼСɧȥԼһ´ͷԼСɧ³ĥʱԼĿֵĸоǵھ棬ƹϲ뵽ԼϺȴЩ
Ϻ֪㻹˼ûµģɣСɧ£ٷſһЩòãȵòˣңٽٽƹϲ뵽뵽Сɧȥ𡣡
Ϻӣھϸԣ߾ȹ·ˡһ˵ţھһİתųϺ壬һԲѩ׵ĴƨɣİԼ
ڵĳϺһ˿ҵķھϣŷۻԲķųϺѾ˹ʹۺɫ⿪ʼ䶯ھĺҲɵĸӵĴһ˫Ҳ˳ϺĴƨϣƬķ˿ˡ
ˣܣ㡭㻵㣬ҪңҵСɧ㣬ͺˣǣ㣬룬뽫ƹϲ뵽뵽ҵģҵСɧȻĻң Źģ㣬Ļˣܣĺˡ
һ˵ţϺһñҧھĴȣĳݺۣûҧȥ
ϺǷɧ˵ӣھҲ̲סˣټϳϺСɧ³ɢϢʱĴ̼ھ񾭣ʹھͷһͣ;ϺɼȥȳϺŤƨ㣬ھͷ˳ϺʵҲû취ˣڷֿ
ֻھĴڳϺСɧ£ʱŪʱ˱ⶴŪϺǼ䲻źߺߵ˵Ҫ֣˭ˬ
ھЦϺϺ޺޵ĵھһۣҪھϺסھҲϺǺĿ⣬ֵͷͷյ˳Ϻ֮Сɧϣ˳ϺˣҲ֪ھϺһ˵ᡣ
ۿϺˮ˳Լ䣬ھΪĻ龰Ⱦ󼦰ӲǴ˼֣ڳϺǰͣĲţ̼ųϺ񾭣ϺͷһֱͣھĴ֮ϣھĴ󼦰͵ı仯Ϻע⵽ˣһʧһſ̴ھĴ󼦰͡
һʱ䣬ССﶼ˱ͳϺǿѹµĽԼ ֮£Ϻѩ׵ĴƨһεҡСɧˮԴԴϵ˳ʪ˳ϺСɧ£һ˳ĴԼϡ
Ϻھ֪Լ֮£ϺѾˣʱھͻȻ俴Ϻľһһģһʱ䲻ɵĶ𣬴֮£ھĻƹϸ˳˫Ϻ̵ƨɣһʪĶѨ˽ȥ
ร˻ޣҪҪ
Ȼȴһ˵Ҫ˭أรมҪҪ˼ֻֻܵĴ󼦰͡룬ãûƹϲ룬뵽ҵģҵСɧˣܣ㣬㻵ˣĻˣ
ϺҡͷβӣûھͣĶӵļھ˷ܣ֮£ֻھŻƹ϶ݺݵĳ͵ģͬ󼦰һĻƹϣһһ¶嵽˾ͷСķѨųĻƹϷӿˮöһƬǽ塣
รͣ͡Ŷܡܡร
ｿȴǲӭߣҡҾͲ


277 ٸϺĳ꣩
ھֻͣСػƹϺڳϺڣһҺͿڳϺƨϣָȦȦĦ
ϺƨһУֻڻƹϵĺھòһţҪѶĴƹһŶҪͣԡԽһͷÿաѹ
ƹСɧ𣿡
ھָ΢΢һָûϺƨۡ
ѽ졭ҡҡ˼
ƨ۱õɦ˼㣬ͦɾҪƹȥھŷΣóϺԽ׳һҪҪƹϸ㣿
ھ̬áûƹϣ˴󣬴󼦰ͣãûƹϣԣ˫ңҵģҵСɧ£ң ϲϲƹϸңҵСɧµָо죬ɡɡҡҡ
ˮӿѨڸƹϵסͿھסΣûƹڳϺСɧֲھþʽСɧ£ھϺСɧڻƹϵĳ֮£ѾøӵھҲǵһοƹ̬˶ҷֵ޵ĸ˵СɧӣһУھĺҲøӵĴ
ŻƹСɧģھ·𿴵˴󼦰 ϺСɧӣ뵽Щھ·ܵĳִ̼һģϵȺٶԽԽһֱ࣬óϺ˽죬һͷҲҡȻڻƹϵĳ֮һ£Ѿֵ˼㡣
ųϺ˽ӣھʶԼĿ粿˹ȥһ֮£ھԼĴ󼦰ʹ󼦰ֱͷͨͨһƬϣ֮£ھ˳ϺҪϺھļͣϺȴǻȫֱð亹
ˣŪҵģܣû뵽û뵽ģĴ󼦰;ȻȻôңܲˣƹϣƹڣСɧĺãѽܣԣԽ󼦰Ͳ˰ɣңҪ󼦰ˡ
ϺѵãȻ
ھŲܳϺֱ֣óϺѾϺһſϺھһĴ󼦰ͣͺƽˮ奶һ㣬ھĴ󼦰ӾĽһůĶѨѨͷһͻһͻĳAšأᡭܡ˼Ҳˡһ
ϺйΣѨͷǵȻģھȲˣůů⣬ðˮ󼦰ͣǲܡϺĿǣھʼСɧżͻԲͦ鷿ǡǡھǰһ죬ھӲӣȥͷת
ޣޣᡭ
Ϻ΢Сھ΢΢Ů壬ھӿһһ뿴ܰѳϺ㵽ʲôģรรһ㡭һ㡭ˣ
ϺüšĴΪոյĿڽˮȾһƬ`ۿԭ쳣˫Ϊɢҿ㷢ңһַݲкС
ھܲˣһֱһֱͣȻֽݺݵײŻġھӵϺ˳Ϻѩ׵Ķһ߼ѨסϺóϺξɣľӲŪϺƨۡأŶ
Ϻƺһ䣬ֿԿʼµĴ̼ӣų
ӵϺھڶÿһζȷȷʵʵĲ嵽ͷȻǵһθɳϺСɧˣǴӳϺɧﴫֽխģͬһůĸоھǸӵ˷ִ̼֮£ھô󼦰ڳϺСɧ
รร⡭ֿʼˡร
ŵɿʼӭϺԼɵѾˣھ¶һ˿Цݣ֮£ھݺݵһģóϺƨɸ߸𡣡รáˬܡϹҪͣ
ھųϺѩ׵鷿ھظ伷ɱƽ״Ȼھһε˻ƹϣҪϺɫСɵƨѽܲողûƹϲҵСɧôôҪѽңܲˣܲ˵ģҪҪȥ
ᵽھҪûƹϲԼĸţϺҡͷ
Ҫ˼û˲
ϺҵģھӵסϺסϺӣСڣóϺųȻھ˫ϺɣҺĸѴִĻƹ˽ȥھֹϺŤϺӣֻߺ߰͸˳ΪʹϺзˮ
ھŷΣѻƹһ˽ȥϾջο˳ϺھͲһѨԼԼԸܵһ룬ůůСɧ¾ƹת֮Ѿȥ֮谭ھͣһǰ壬Ҳء
ãھϺʹɫɿ졣ءʹˣ㡭ร𣿡
ϺߴԲ´βˡóϺʲôо
ǿĸоſҪѿÿһ顭񡭡ͺҪйһ
ϺüԹһ㲻ϰߣһˬᣡ
ھҲʼҡŻƹϵɶͬĳš
ˬĴͷ´ҲҸƹƨۣ
Ϻۺ޺޵ĵھһ֧ۡټǰųϺѨھͦȽϲףϻƹϵɶͬʱʱ˲󼦰͸еǰĽʵ׵ھƮƮɡȳϺʹİţϰ֮󣬰Ѿ¶ֵѨͷɧˮֿʼϺҲĴɣûƹ˳롣
รรˡðļ͡á͸ˣ
ϺĿнͷ֪ǷؽĻҸпʼóϺ˷쳣ϺȵýȵĹסÿһβ붼ھ򱬷ıԵޣһ㡭һ㡭áң
Ҳ֪ھھĻƹϣϺѾ˵
ھͷһͬʱ󼦰ͺͻƹϲ嵽ͷоϺС˲รˬˡôôҡҡˡˡ
Ϻҡͷԣ亹ֱð졭졭รҰɡԡԡͷ
ھݺݵĲ嵽ϺĻģĻƹҲûͷ군ˡมˡˡŶҡҡҡˣ
ʪȵѨʷǰĽȱڵûͷûԵĸھѨޱ޼ʵůĹͷ£ٴӹ


278 ԼΨϣ
Ψ1979107ճ㽭ʡУйӰŮԱ
ΨûнȦھΪ˵õͰˣҪԼ顣
ʱڣھߵߣһƿ˱ӣʱһ߾Ө͸չھǰ
ֻΨɫѩףӤһ㴵ƣһԾ޴鷿Բ˵ˮһ㣬鷿ϵͷʷۺɫӣһˣͭǮСɫҲǷۺ죬ȴһϾ޴Բ򣬼ֱı
Ψ˫ʮ޳ȺƨֻʮܳںڵëмǷۺ⣬ֱ̫ˡ
ھĴ󷢣һѹ·ϴٺЦ˵ΨԼһǵһиˣ
ţھΨһ㣬һڿգվͷǰַͷƫöھھֱͦͦͳǰһַͷһֻץסԼ϶ĨĨȥյӣ㷢֮ȥͣӣҰСߡھĺ촽ٸѩ׵СҲ߶ʮһ""һھ϶˽ȥΨСİھһ˿϶ҲûУھĳһʪھĹͷ£ĥھġٿյ۾֪ɲ֪ڸԼأһŮɲһ˶ܹġ
ھ϶һνӴ˵Ŷͷʶ䶯ʶ˱Ȥھ˫ֱסΨͷƵʼӿĳֱʺĿˮҲĳ˳ھҲţѹ˫鷿СɵͷھŬĹ£ΨһеԵ鷿ҲԽԽԽԽͦͷɫҲӷۺ𽥱Ϊ޺죬ͷ߸ߵھⱲҲûôܴ̼
϶ʮ£ھ̲סˣɲУôйǲеģֹͣͣ϶ůʪСΨСھйǿҵĴ̼
Ϣһ£ھסֿʼ˵ڶֵĺΨھ˶øӺˡһֱ˽ٶ£ھȫƵĳ鴤ھľһɣһɹ̵ӿ˳ھΨʺһԵ˳ȥھ̧ͷɾҺʳһûʣ
ھԹȻֱͦھΨС´˺һᣬĴӴԼֵĵط˳
ȻھΨֻΨı𿺷ܣ޷ֿᰮΨǳ壬Ψɢ㡢ľ㣬㷢СҺķ۶˫ַãΨǶ԰۸ͦ˶ĻԲ鷿ϣ춹ϸСɰͷеͷͻΨ˫ѩ׻Բȸ߾ٹ˫磬ںŨܡïʢֵǴ͹һ죬Ѩ΢Ƭʺۡ
ͷ̽ΨʪεǵشƬ֭У˱ٰͷ̽Ψ֮϶¶ˣȻһ·ֱ϶˵٣ŵΨѨɰ


279 ԼΨУ
ΨĴȲĲţͷͣŪΨӺϼŨˣĳɫľӨ塣ĺˣΪԲѣ޷Ӧ
Ψ̱ǶƾھԼļΪΪȲذڶšԵأⶴϷиСĶ̽ͷ
ھ̧ͷȣ޶ȵĲ濪180ˣھM͵Ĵھ˫ϣڣھ۾Ψֻ幫־ˣӼھΨ֪Ʊ¶һ˵ǰһˡ
ھ˫ֲΨ٣СǴ󲿷ŮеشھŹġ
Ψǿɰǳۺɫģڣھָ¶յڡΨܸھϸ̽龰˸жλãһ鰵ɫѪɫСĤ֤Ĺδ˵ʵ
ɴˣھȷΨǸŮһھϲ⡣
ȻھϾͰӲϹϾĶҪǾԼСܵԵһɡ
ǣھչͷΨڴ
ԹŪֻΨᶶھŹζŮڴĴŮϢھΨſβָᶺŪˣһһ´ĸоΨģھȴһӶ٣ΪϼѻʽһҪúŪھβָһڲΨڣȷŮĤس鶯еΨشһЩ͸Һ塣ʵģΨĺҲʼأظҲĺ
ھβָմһЩˮָϵ͸Һ壬еȣóԣ촽ΨਣŮİҺԹɾŮŮˣΨܹڻУҲŤšϷһƬ糺죬ˮİҺŮӿ
ˣŪԼˬھҪŮӿ
ھΨ˫ķֿŭ͵ֱָ죬а˴糤ΪҪŮ˷ܣھ׼õһ־Ψ£ԽشŮѪΪƷ׼һкӲ͵ͬһĹͷϡƴһ٣ھ˫ַץΨ˫飬һش̽ŮڣȻаҺ󣬵ΨиΪխ侭ھһ壬 ֻܲһŮȵھ谭ھһ㣬ھһ룬ٺݺһ壬ٽСĺܽ
ھŮĽխ̶ȡھ壬ټϰҺ£ʮµŬ谭ھĹͷһСĤϣھ֪ѴΨĴŮĤھֱͣڣھһ˫ץס˫飬һھĲ룬ֻоһ¾ͱھĴڴˡھһ嵽׸æͣסΨ˶ʮĴŮĤھһӺ䴩ֻеΨüͷһ﷢ߵһûѹھû£ԼĴŮѪ˿ŰҺҲھȷźõİ־ϡھ־۵ϸĵղ
û˴ŮĤھʼиĲھ֫ȵĳֱͣԼھѶΨͷھֹͣг壬⴫ļѹΨⲻѹͣĴ̼Լ
ĺýھֲйסס򦣬оٴչ˶ԾǳһʽţÿһʱΨܲԾڻз˲ٶ£ھָľǳһΪǳٳΨֻĺ𽥼ӴֱԾĺߺؽڵļھߡھΨŪ𣬸ӵͣ޾ڱĿеС
ĽĥھǿҵĿмУΨ̲ȵĥھΨʱھоһ˿΢ůҺѨ䵽ھĹͷϣھ֪ŮӸԼɵй˳ȻŶΨ˸߳ļѹھŪھͣ¶ΪϢһŮӵĸ߳ĴȫƽϢٶĳ塣ҵĳݣѩ׵βԼ˫飬һжʹھеޱȵĴ̼


280 ԼΨ£
Ψʵ̫ˣھÿһν룬СѨڵĸоھӽ뿪ΨٴѨڣִխֱΨͷӹڡ
ھȫ֮ͷĹͷΨӹײѨģؽڵļھ.ΨĿҲϵķɰ İҺھִ䴲ϡ־ϣٶµļҳ壬Ψֱھɵöй˳
֮ھҲ˼ֽ§̵ΨӹǶй䣬ǵľҺͣӹϣӹٵΨھǺܶ࣬ùڵ
ھʱҲܲΨǷỳСʵˬñﲻסͷˡ
ھΨڣٺһЦȡգǰǵľҺΨк龰ѵãǺ֪ڴϣھԸ˸ǽ׶͸ļһ覴ÿһϺõ͸СɶǷĺ촽ֱſţǺƵģҧһڡ۵Ĳӣƽϸ۵СԲ޳ĴȣͦķΣ͹٬ȳƵģԼǵشصɽеĹȣһŮͼھһθ
ھԼе¹ϣˣ¶ٴηϣ촽ҧסΨʵͷֲͣΨ崦ĥҺֽھŪʪˣʱھЦټһΣֻʵ̫ѵھǿ׳ǷǳġھʥС̽
Ψѱ˯šھֻǿ׵ʮϸСаϲһֻС֮У˷ܡھ򼤶ͨ죬ԼĶǵһ죬һ޸ֻеԼһʪΧţھֽ˫ȷֿѩ׵β߸ߵھԲǸʥء֮ھ׼СѨз죬ٴκݺݵؽΨֱӹȻͿʼǰ͡һһʹĴ̣ɧѨھһ߳ţһ߸ӷͻ̡
ھʼɵΨȵѨﷴ壬۾ͶԼ϶Сһӽȥһӳģ϶ĽԽԽ˳ͷԽԽȣðˮҲԽԽ࣬ҺҺһ㾧͸Ψĸγһ㣬ƷĤһ㡣ھȣҲиоһγؼھΨһֻȹҵھļϣԷĳ壬ѼչһֵĹơھͣسͣΨڵһѶľͷھеԼ˶Ĺͷѵӹϡ
ھܼٵĳͷһһµײӹڹΨӹڡھһӾͽͷӹڣΨھòϷ˺ߺߣҲӭھĳ͡ʱھеӹҲھĹͷ䶯ţھ֪ھĴ̼Ψĸ߳ӹڳѾ
ھһŤƨֹͣסƨɿʼΣĿһϯȫе廬ȵסԼĴСѨĻһһϵ˱ԼĴͷΨڻҲһδﵽ˸߳ھ޷ݵĿСĴ̵ľҺְСѨŮޱȵĿгܾá޹Ψǽ˯ţһк֪
֮Ψˣȫ֪ô¶ǩԼѶ֡


281 ǿ顰ԡºãϣ
ºãйŮԱйЭԱḱ᳤1979129ճɽൺ1997꿼ϷѧԺϵưࡣ
ʱھĿ
죬صظԼԳºĺңóϽר .ºѧϼӴ󣬻عȺ֮һԱ󽫡º÷Լʮ꣬ʸ߹ţɫϸļӨѩףƥĸһ˫Բ޳ȴӼÿȹ¶һֹõУϸ΢¡κͦأ縡͹ϸϸͦͦȷһɶõľɫ
ºԭǲʶھģҪΪ˶ύһѣԲɷõѹҲ䵽ʱ˿̻ھĳУھǿóʧȥĴŮ֮ھ˰Լ߳ΣΪھרū
һǳۣǣģңô󳵣ºϳھĶ棬ϳŲھ˵ܣʣҪڿʼҷá
û˵꣬˵ȥˣΪھʱһɫԵЦԼòף΢һ񣬱˵ȥˡ
ʱֻھŲæЦ˶æűݣϷһܼįɣ١١ûϵֻҪҿ³ζһЩԶĹҵģ١١
ºõķֱ³ϳǰƻҪνвɷãĲɵûⷽ룬벻һСģ׹һµ壡䣬ʶȥ
ʱھȻܺãֵ١١˶ˣҵҪ뿪ţǵҪһרҵı飬١١
ֲֵҫȰԼһǺ⳵ǿǹҲģҿô㡣١١
һϯº÷ĻҲ֪û˵ѣۣǣֺңó˺⣬Ϊ˰ȫرʩͷŭضھң޳ܣ
ºǺҪǸһ£ҲŹģ
ھв⣬ֻش˵ڣɫԵؿʼºǾɫ˵òֻ徵Ľŭǵͨ죬Ửһֱͦ˵񾱣ڼǰ۵ý͸ѩΧ׵ĳ»һ˼ֲ£һԷͦµٵ˼Ҳ˷ɵųǷӯںһ羧Өޱȵͦ͹֮
ΪּɫԵһ˫Сڴѵأºûæ˫ֻ˫סأְɫԵĿͶȥֻĳ°ڽһʵظ߼ĺɫȹ£ǡôسгޱȡӯӯһյ֯ϸ΢¡ԲĽ̷Ρȹֻ̣ܶպסȣ¶һ˫ԲӨϥ˪ѩСȡһ˫Сƻ׹ⶢ£ؽһ˶ȹûһֶ֬ƽСԼСȸ֮䡭Ѫš˷Ԩ
е㰴಻סºԱȥºûæŲһԣǣRVٿֿõȥĽ£ոűϡŻָ򶨵ĳºýַĻ飬֪ܰǰĶˡ
ʱһֻ֣һָṴסĿɰ°ͣѴͷϢһ档ºþǿһ˦ͷѵָ⡣й˳£ظޱȡֱͦϡءءĦš¸ȥ
º޴룬Ļң֪ǺãķŭѱǼٵʹͻ档ỬڼһƬѩҫ۵ϣᡭذš
һͰһϡ䱦һǺеϸ㽿ޱȵָУֻؼ¸ȥºر˫ۣһҲֻѵڡҲ֪һ֮Ҫ׳а˿ѻʯ
ھڳºõĶߣ˵û˾ȵ㣬Ϊ㲻ϣҾ޿κΣߡˣҲʬҰþضϰĴſڣΪϿ̼̣ҵֵּ㣬ѣ֣ã͸ý١١֪ΪʲôĲɷ𣿾Ϊ˽Ҫ㣡汣֤þ⣬Źҹȥǿǵ¼֪Ҽ˵ʲô¶ɵó
ºһɵһһ뵽ֿҲֹǿԼʶ˶ҪöࡣοɱҪ̣Լ塣һ뵽ǷµľͲȥ֪ôá
ھºóĬ֪вѾЧɵе⣬˵ֻҪʶ࣬ˬһΣǾ;ˮˮ㲻һëûκ֪㡢ҡ˵㳢ͷ㻹ζ˼أ١١
º÷һŭһ޼ơŭǣȻһ޳ܵŮˣǿŭ룺ӣôҲⲻ˱Ķˣû֪£Ҳûܰ˳ûκ֤ˣаĻ쵰ʮа˾ŽѳͷҸصǣԣĿŮֺŮǣҲڲ֪£󳾡Ҿ·ҾܰҪְϷͥ϶ͷ̨
ºݷԼö⣬һ뵽һҪ˶Լ׵ɵһҡ
ھλ˪Ĵ˳Ĭ֪һѾɹɵһ󰵰ĸˣǻḧĴ»ȥǣԥش˻ǽ˫ۣóѡ°գһְֻڳº÷ԲϥϣĶȥڳºýŵĲֽʵظסǽޱȵѩȹڡָڳºôȸȵСϣһ㱡ڿסһ˷ؽءºŭ־Ť⣬Ůе߳Ķǵ̡ͨһתۼ䣬Ƽò˵ľɫǴƵĻ۽Ѹһ˿˵ߺ졣
һټһͷ⣬ܲʵ̬ɼعɫѸٵһӣڳºǰ˫ºǽȵȹ𣬷ȥĿѣԡԲ󡢾Өѩ׵Ĵȸ¶ֻһСɽ׵˿ڿסСʥĽأС͸ڿ£ԼԼһŵڵġݡһָṴסڿıԵѸٶȥڳºòǿУֻλɫ˴ɫʱ¶š
ڶʱ磬컴է֡߹ľɫƽ۵Сѩ׵ý͸һֽޱȡ֬СС¶һϸ˾ëէ֣ѩ׵ĴȸסëµĴɫ㡢ɫԵضԼºǱ򼴽ٵĶ˶ѱò԰׵ɵĽϲߺּ֣֪Ǻá
ھ¶ǰ˴ɫԼɫǽκ졢˵ߵ̬ɵ÷һĭѸٵ¿ӣװҲѣͳ޴ͬѹȥԥòĻ飬һѹʱϢֹһ˫ͦ鱻صѹסٵͣͬʱоһȹ̵ӲضСϡ
ºþŵ𡭡𡭡ſҡ
ȫŤţѹʥش
ؿѸٵһְֻס˵ϥǿзֿ˫ȡ
ҪС


282 ǿ顰ԡºãУ
ѸٵһֻϥǿвºȷУֺ£˫ȣ˳һѹѶڳºǰһòºѹԽԽСÿڿѻ䵽ĽϡһŤŽһһ˫ѩ׿ɰСҴļ⻹ò׿ģ𡭡𡭡󡭡󡭡㡭𡭡š
º΢΢СԼڣͼ赲ھĹͷͦϣڳºСʱһƺߣò绨ĳºҧü΢壬ʹؽգһʹĺУصܱյĳУԭھ롣ڳºõУǾ޴۽ӴĹͷǿǿǼԸġȻڡûκηǿӲسº̽ȥûз󻬣ºõĴŮĤֱӱײͻƣеһ׶Ĵ̹ǰʹݷ屻˺Ƭš
ɫŮﻹʹֻоһ޴ޱȡӲ˶̵ǿдڡʹûȥºþ߷ߵطǸ޴ޱȵֳǿͦ޼شִġߡͲ˴ŮѨαʹŮѪƱֻԼçײһͦԽԽؽºխ쳣
ھƳºõĴŮĤ𣬾ʹĸоֿòˡ׵ľɫ˲йɫ㡢߻֮ˣĹǣ᯵쳣ĽСխǻܵعýʵʵºĻһֻʹȫ
㡭㡭š𡭡𡭡ҡáʹʹš
ºһӲֳִкʹ߷ֵǣһͽ͵УºֻоǸ޴ġߡȻȫڴŮѨС
ھ˳ºõķȫͷֹͣǸ޴ȵؽɵľɫǶеĽСխƷζŴòխĻȵġ⹿⡱ĸоɫޡò˵ԳºǸ߹ءѱ֮͡ȫռˣھºþȻǴŮϲԼԳºõĵһλˣܹĳºǳޱȵˬ£ھɹٴŮûһˬģܾ԰ֻԼѹµĳº̺󡢷˵ڡݾſɰġС족ѵذԼǴִޱȵеŮ֮ʵ޾ƽϸ߹š׵ĳº÷߷ĪûԼᱻǿ飬һִªֳԼķȻַĵطȻ뵽Ť뽫ǴִġϳԼʥġءھһĥĸоһͷڳºߣаҧżǾӨ۵ĶˣѾˣôҷſ㣬ǶѾˣ١١
һݷҪº÷߷߽ӣ߷ߵؾãѾۡˡʥַĽѱռ졢ַˡúڣõϳáʶھġ
ʹมͷķֹԳº̯ڳԣھ⿪ȴӲλſϵĹλھʼڳºýϳ鶯ƻҪλųº;ò԰׵ݣ鶯űֽխסֻ̫ءس̵ܶһأȻضȥҲ֪ûз»ʹҪҪ͸оҪƽظ߲ʡŸ߹ĴԳºõꡣ
޶˵ĳºգü壬ݰҧǾ޴лɬĻеĳ鶯һ΢ȴĴʹͱǿ衣źػ䵽ԣ֪ôҲı䲻Ѿַһʵֻϣ߳ܶѿĳ档
أеһֻڼһƬļϣһ˲䷢̵ˣûһ˵ֻộʱһ˿ӹ˷ģ˲ȻΪ޷ԼΪȫһһȣȻоͺǿҡذ˿ϸ۽ѩڳºɢҳһڵһƬҫ۵ѩ׽ḧšĴֲڣѩϸۡǿҵĴϸ֮ĸоԺҲɱش˷ġȻ䣬һ˿ָϳº÷ġ
ḧòѩĽۼȻֻ΢ڳºխг鶯չ롢ҵġַºԽԽԽԽ־壬ֱһʵһ˵ķԼϵı仯
ѵԼӦѵԼᡭ
һ뵽ھǿԵĿǰԼϣԼԼı仯һнĺɬᡭġôܡܡ
ºڿ񺰣뽫ǿ¶˵뷨ѹȥǣΪʲôǴֲڵĴֵĸȶĸоߺǣ֪ʲôʱķûٸоģǸɬ΢鶯ĴʹԽԽоĴִ󡢰Ӳһֽʵ˸оڷԺԽԽºñ⺧˶߳ܵı仯̲סйֿ־塣
ʱò˳ºøо»ȥڡȻĿɫԵ۾ͼԼֹھԼķŭͱӡǣھɫԵȱ˵£ԼԽԽңر𽥽ӽ¡ͦ͹ʱھע£ֻºڡḧѩʥʵİ顭أºڻвԽһԭһֻỬޱȵѱһסšɵľɫ˳ºǱ԰ѩĽϲѸһĨ˵κ졣ᶨʱûҲΪԼ˵ķӦеޱѿǱػæŤһߡ
ºòסԼôô죿
۾ҲұգΪԼĬĬܣǸԼͶַеھһֻ֣һౡָסһֻͦ飬šƼ䴫һͦʵޱȶֳԵУѪšھºϣһĨ˵κܵ޶˵ľɫϣɵɫһָ£ָḧºǰͦ嶥ȦḧѹҵһСͦͻ֮ۡͷָؼסºǽСͷмɵһꡢ
ºñǴеشϴĸоŪû类ɡһ뵽Լƽһ˶˼ÿᴥĽСͷһİֶĵ꣬ĲָеɬֵĪĴ̼ھһųºǽСͷһڵ鶯ޱȻ˵ĨɬκܵĶȻ֪ʲôʱеļѱȣĺϢѽϢ֮˵ǣǽŴĽСѲôɬڵĳ鶯ѲôѡظڳºõĶа˵١١˶СѨѾʪˣ١١
ºŵľɫ̶ʱߵøˣ۾ӨСҲһƬ糺졣߷ߵغ㡭˵㡢޳ܡ
ºòòȷֶĪѿʵҪȻΪʲôڵĳ鶯еʹú͡óʵԼǸĴ׳Ӳ˶̡ǣһ뵽Լһİа˵ļӦһ޴ޱȵġߡһ޼ڸ롢̽ǿҵظеһʶа˺µĴ̼ºûߺ죬˫ҵؿŴ⣬ֱ֪ԼķӦԼ˵ĸо
ھҲڷֻǡٺ١Цţɿ֣ͳºõĽϲָºޱȵһϸëУ̽ѰšºطǵشСС֣ëḧºǱݰСǽҧŵģʱǺһ㴽֣Ϣڣָë£ʪϪϷһҵһޱȵ̺١Ůֵ١
š
ºһ˵ĽߡԭָᰴסǺεĽ٣һŪꡭºñǿҵĴ̼𺶵ͷ鲻Խнַ߳ߺ֣ɫΡамɵŪͦ£ºŮеĽرͬʱòˮıǲɵ÷һԡ鲻ԽĲͷָסࡢꡭʥһִ쳣ڳ鶯ĪҲģָ£һԼҲ֪ġСⶹ£ȫ壬Ժһ֡泩˵ĿС
գºԼοʱǸԼ鷿壬ֻڴ鶯һСָͷ논ֱ֮ˮȻûοҲƮƮɣÿִ˲ƣʱ˿̣оһȫµĴ̼ҲһָʴǡĿ̹ĵĿСǿĿд̼£ºԺһƬհףŮĳζһŴ̼˼Ϣֹѣ⣬Ҳ벻ʲôǿŭȥˡ
ɫ޹ǡ屻ھѹһԡƾε΢ź类ɰһѩ׿ɰСʮ޳ϸָΰץڳɳƤϣ۵㽿ѩ׵ֱϼ˿ɫСָĪ֡ºκ죬ü壬㴽΢֣ϣһ˵ʹ໹õ˽ֻ̬糺죬Ϣ㷢㺹΢ºֻоԼԽԽʪɵľɫɬֶ޿κΣĻɫΣߺޡ


283 ǿ顰ԡºã£
ʱº÷һָϪȥһֱ֮ĽϴڣʪĵطָᡭմЩġ
һ뵽˶ѿĽºþͲ߲ѵһųľɫߺ㡣ھһָ˳ԽԽʪȵۡ񹵡һֱֵʪڣָմ˿йطֵ˷ܣָյºǰŰϵǰаص˶˵Һ˵㿴ʲô١١
ºָֻʪմЩ˵Һʱߺֵľɫ̸ǽ̺һƬòٺ졣ºˮĴ۾Ŷɬѿؽ˵ߣֻеһΪ顣
ھؿɫľɫһ˵ߡǧĵ̬ɵȫѪţ̲סʼΪɵľɫȹ½ˡ֪ʱѾٷˣҪҲֹģΪԼ޴ºõĴŮѨУͬʱҲѾɹĳһ̶ϴݻǸ߰ģѾ൱ĳ̶ĿкҪһšһŵؽ⿪ºóµťۡһͽťȫ⿪δɫ˵ĹУִڳºýխдس鶯šÿһ¶԰ӳºýյĿдҷĽϸϸ\" \" ǰڿºֵҲӦĴӦššš̾ʱͺ˸ģƽֻܿŵĳºãٰο侫ģŮʱԼšššȻĿǰûóº÷󵨽дšššϸϸĽдʵھĲˣھһɼԦٵĿлǵ㣬һҪгºҹҹΪھȺ󵨽д
ҿºõĳ£һƬѣĿѩУһɫ˿סĽ˫ǰ͸˿ֵ̺죬ºͦ·һ˫£һƬѣҫ۵ѩ񼡣ڳΰĹ£һʰСȲػȵظ˿ѩϣֵظߡȫǽޱȡỬϡеϸʸˣɷ㼡ѩɢĵŮ֮С§סºý磬α޹ǵĻ̌𣬳º֡Уһֻһ˳ǽ̧𣬴۾غţߺСһҲҶ
ҵŮĻڲ֪ζǻ˵ĴϸỬϵİԼǴ׳Ӳľҳ鶯롢γ롢γºѾ棬˿̹ġл֪
أºøеؿһһ΢ֻԼǱһԿɰ鷿ѾΧΡΡص֣ͦԭھѾԴֱһѽԼСÿɰİɫ˿ֳ¡ɫɰ˳ºöʱߺһƬϽϿɰĴ۾Ľޣ֪롣ֻǰҫ۵ѩУһԷӯͦԲĻٰ㺬էٰ֣ģһԽС硢Өɰ̺׵ͷӡߴؽͦšºһԽСɰͷһΡĶ˵Ļߴڴſ˵߻ϷһԽСɰߴͷΧһȦâΣ̺潥һƬ˵ɺ졪º۽СĿɰͷѾ˵زӲͦ
ھֱǰĴɫˣһֱΪºزӦֻB ֱû뵽ǧġԼľɫ˼зǧĵĳУһ˼ŮĽ˵İ顣һֻֻٳĶˡ١ĴڳºѾʼûȡȻС֡խ쳣г鶯šһǺӡߴͷСɰ̺ͷһ΢΢ͦʱ鲻ֵһסޱȡӯӯһյ飬һаֵꡢĦһֻֻ񫣬ֳһֻһ˫סһϲ˵ļͦ飬һаȵ󡢸ꡭº̱αϣɬΪζǷͦϴһ泩Ǿ޴ĳ鶯롢γľΰֿУӰľɫΣߺޡ
º㴽΢΢ϣؼٵغšָסСɰߴͷꡢʱºü΢塢ϡҧаŪ̼εС̲סǰƣ󽿺ƵƵššššš
ʱھſǧĵľɫӺйڶʱ֣һͷȻеһйעһɻŨľҺھæ˳ƽһѹºõײͦӹͷ̽ӹǻ棬ֱδﴳĿռ䣬ӹҧĩ˴ͷ󣬾İȾҺɨºõӹڱڣºԭŲУеһʹУȻʹޱȣʹмͬĿУºò÷ʲô飿ֻʶ弡⣬뾡ҧסǸԼڵĶ аϲðȱץסҧˣһҧ֮ԼڲһȸУʲôôһɹƵҺ絽棿оϢֺã


284 ǿ顰ԡºã꣩
~~ˣǾҺһİھľҺӹ桭ºæʹԼƣϣܽ˰ڻγǸ侫еĿ¾ھ״ĸϲǿѹסºȫ֧۴Լ˫ȸѸٳŵȫץס磬סºõϰȻһͬʱԼݺݵĲһǰͻ̣ҪҪٴ̽ȥôĽдԭԶ侫׼ãͷΰѾҺڳºӹڵȤΪºŤĹϵôͷ̽ӹºõסͷһֱĥӹڱдһһɾҺֱˬĲˣеĳºöھ侫ӳֻһɹǿľҺϮϹԼӹ޷
֪ŮΪͬھû侫һ㶼ûļھԼвγγγºÿв˵ţھһҲ϶ĽѹԼĵȻھͱֺĳºǵı飬۹һƲƼˣºôȸһƬŮѪ߰ߣѪȾ˱˴ϴųºڵˮԼľҺ˳©մʪ˱˴˵ëѣھڵҾǲγֱӸ䵽ӹ棬ǻСรͻҵĹְ̥ɡ̫ˡ
˵꣬ھɵü»ָ鶯͸ɳºãº䱻е֪ɱȾסСܰ԰֣֮ѾھضĴŮ֮ӹھľҺԼ죬ɴͷְɣھʱҲڳɹ100%ݻλԵ󷴿־еǱºýСխ쳣ڽסΪ˵ȻЩˮ󻬣ûиտʼ鶯ʱѣ֪ʲôʱǻʪ妡ڽʼѧнľ޴
ԽԽصڳºխСڳ鶯롢γĻСխҲԽԽȹ̡ʪ֣ۻڴ׳ĴķĦ£ؿʼн֡ޱȵĤȵؽڳ鶯Ĵ׳ϡԽԽصĳ壬Ҳºǰˡ϶ĽԽԽԽԽ٣šššššššš
ºȫسǲӿУ֪Լʱѿʼ޲ԽԽԽԽˣֻڣü壬ӣ΢ŵؽһࡢʹ泩˽̬
ھƣʱѳˣֻһºխޱȵĻݺһеò˳ºñһֺ͵һֻоǾ޴Ӳٴسڵļ˶󡢻ȹ̵ĹͷѸٵ֡Ľڴŵġоһˡ
ֻºˡ޹ǵѩһŵɶֻо޴ĹͷԼġоһʪֵġˡһƶԵľΡ鴤ȻѸٵءȫǡֻҵ͵ץסո˳ƨɣѩ׷۵ĿɰСʮָƵץʮѩ͸޳ָڵƨγʮҫĿĶԱȡò˵ľɫһ˫޳ԲĽȸһνסھ˫ȡ
ھֹסɾֲֵͣصͷһֻǧĵľɫǽѩƽС΢΢͹һ󼱴ٵɶ鴤ڳºѩƽСһһĿҲУֻʪޱȵ̺У鶯΢ŵķཱུ̺ġСסһ޹ɵɶйһճӨŮҺʪҺǰĴŮѪҺ΢ֵ̺񹵣˳ġϪȥæ³ºССİɫڿ㣬ǹİҺסȻ˳ֽڿڳºʪĨãܿ죬Сÿɰѩڿʪˡ
ھ֪ºܲ˷ŵǷ飬ϾҪԸ߳ˣҪͣ³ɺúͳºø߳ʱ˱飬ҡеò˳ºֻӹһȵĿˮпйǳº״α˸ɺﵽ߳ʷ棬ȫھˣɬֻоھԼССڿΪԼãֻμɫΡ糺죬Ҳֲи߳컹ǽ޵ߺ졣ɬѿľĬУһɸĿ顢德εֹϢǾ޴ո˳одȫºҶſĶĴ۾ΡưԹԼѩ׵ϼˡ
ھ̧ͷˮĶ˵ߵԼԹôʱ򡰳ֽߵ㡰λѸٽССĽڿڱǰһᣬ˵š㣡
ºû̶ʱߺ㣬ظϿĶ˵Ĵ۾Ľǧ糺죬ɫ˵˶ţϾ㡭
һťһֻԵƤɳм俿£ºԭŵǸαŵºò档ԭŵĳھͳһޱȵĴ󴲡
ʱľɫ˻û״Ŀѹֻ£ؼٵţһǧ˳ѩĳ˷Ѹٵȫȥѵºõĸ߸Ь⿪ȹȹȫڳºõĺĬưУھΪʱѱǧ˳ľɫ˿½ȹƬ̣ɵľɫѱѵһ˿ҡ
ڣº¶һ֬޹ǡޱȵѩ塣Ѹٵȥѹϳºޱѩ壬˫ֿ޳ȣھͷӽָ׿ʼϣ촽ͣϸҧ˫ֵĳºСȣˣھеºС¼ΰĽֻҪһ۱˳˼ĺ룬ڳС⣬Ҫڴʳºѩ״ȣһֱֻɻβסӣȰ᯵Ĵڲ࣬ƽ˫һ˫ȼƷζȷǿʱƷ࣬ھ᯵һ˫ÿʱָˮҺУָ̳ٸոӹľҺ̼ųº÷дھ˫ˮľȣºȻֿλºϷм䣬˳ץºõСԼĴ鳣ͦǰͻ룬ºɬסھĴ鳣ͷסԼʪڣھ״ܸ˵ָºۻʪĴͷһͦ
ǧĵ˽ߵظоһִӲĹͷ׽ԼСխڡھԥºͦ
ɵһؽ䡣ݷú¶һºһ˿ҡѩ׵һ䶯˷Ľߵط֣ɵεġɻɡݷֱôһȦӳʵСԽءӶֱܵ΢ȣڵԼСġŻݾڶǾɵεġߡʾӭ롣ĶˮĴ۾򳵶ߵšڵ䶯롣ֻü΢塢ӣ΢š㴭ϸϸɫɫΡߺƬƬ
ھһ˵ߡܻӭߴ˽̬һһͷסºʺΡɰ㴽͵񡢿˱֪һţò˷ߵø죬ܵŤܣܵóѡҲ⣬һ·ȥֱͦ񾱡ѩ㼡۷һ·¡촽ǹɫѩۻظһסһС硢ӲͦĿɰͷ

޾ɫòһⰻȻĽΰѵĳºԼתĽ䣬糺ľɫ̸ߺһƬɫ̣߲ھʱѾչܹͷסһޱȡߴӲͦĽСɰͷ˱һָֻסһֻŭŰʡΡΡͦĽ顭ָסͬѪ̺ɰĽСͷһͬʱһֻֻºѩ״ȼ䣬Ѱ̽أϸëУ΢͹£ҵѾѪޱȵĽС٣һָ̽ʪ妵񹵣סͬѪָһѹŪǲڳºýСеľްҲʼȻ͵һͦһͣȫ롭ª׺ľ޴ʼǧĵľɫ쳣Сխݲ壬ֱɵĳºȫй侫


285 ˼٣ϣ
˼࣬19801023ڱкйڵŮԱ1997㡰ˮ֮ĹȦ1998ĵһϷƶŴҸʶ
ŮھҲǺɵؾͽеԼķˡ
ǼƵͳ׷ھӵŽ˷䣬غ֮ھҲ˵ѹϵ·ɱǰһѽ촽ϻ˼۵ĺ촽Ŵ죬Ҫѻ˼˫һ㣬̰Ľ˼ֻһԻȵϢ̼Ż˼࣬ʹоھĴ˱֮£ԼβĿҪһ㣬ԴͻȻеһհףҲøӵķ
֮£ھֵչʾԼļͷһ죬뵽˻˼棬оھ͸߳ĽǼɣ˼಻֪Ѿ鶯ھͷǻмҵĽס˼ͷʼ˱찡ܵĽǼ̫ˣҡҸоȫ˷ˣǰЩҵĸо̼ˣҪǡҪáȥҡһˬ
˼ھ֮£ЩźܳܳĽǡھԼҺͽ˼˼ţͷڷ֮ͬʱ޴ӡֵ߳ܵرֿ۾գĽë΢΢˼΢ӣСڣһСɵͷھĸ߳ļ֮£˼оԼĵһ˿ķߣţ׼ھİӶܼƷ߳
ھԼ⣬Ż˼⣬һԲ˼۽üԾشӺʱĻ˼оھͷԼĲֻеĸĸоѣǸĸоһ㣬ɢͷԼǻλҲȺġ
ھǿҵĹ֮£˼оԼԽѾסʼھĻﵹ˹ȥھ˳ؽ˼ఴڴϡ˼ͷһ㣬Ǵĸоû˼̲ס뷢ȥӭʹԼøӾҵĿ֡
ھָϸĽӴڷͷĲ棬һֶһȻֿʼŻ˼࣬ھȻ֪ܽ˼ŪӣǶô֮ףһԺھʹ˻ĽŻĶ˵ٸ

ôأӻ˼ĺУ΢΢طһĸоɢȫ̼Ż˼е壬ʹû˼࿪ʼÿھ֮£˼Ҳ̲ס˶˵λһܳڽߣ˼ƴѹԼǼٵĺ޷أھһֻźԹͷӵٸĵļʡ
ıһֱ涼Ū֮ھͷһһؾȻ˽ǺС֦һһһĶҲȷʹû˼ǻеԸдһһָоûмļ󡣿ǻֵֿĸоҲѵȼ˻˼ڵ֮𣬺ȫԸдеͷƵģʹ̲סĿʼӭھ
ŻĿ˵ٸޣѾھϲ֮£ھҪ⿪˼£˼һھԼΪΪ
о˻Ŀ˶Լ֮Ѿ˷Ӧھɵĵ֮£ھӽϵжܿģھİŻ˼ͦ鷿·¶˻˼ѩ׽ķۼ磬ѩ׵£˼ʵھ˻˼ھḧѩ׽ϸϣֻѩӨ͸۵Ửۣ˿ỬƳ
ŰȻͦŵ鷿΢΢Щٵĺŵ龰ھһ·Щ̲סһģھסǽͦ飬ŷͦ鷿ͦʵٸ޽Լ˫¼ţһ鷿ץԼ⻬񣬶ֵֻĸоھһֻ쵽˻˼󣬾Ҫ⿪˼֡
ǻ˼Ϊģھһ쵽˼ĺ󱳣͸˼ѹסˣһھָĶͱòŬ˺üΣûнָ֮£ھЩ鼱˼ƺоھ鼱һߺھţһ΢΢ĽԼظͦ
˼ľٶһʹԼһֵĽİ֮µķ˵Ե鷿ھֵ¸ӵͻ˳ھһ棬ʹھ뵽Լ󱳵ֶӵھָһֻžһ־˻˼塣


286 ˼٣У
һ˿ͦ˵Ե鷿һǰԾչھǰھ۾ֱĿŻ˼ 鷿ھ˼һ˫ѩ׾Өŭʱǰӱѩ׾޴Ĵ˽ͦỬԼŮ˵еļƷ
ھḧţƸס˻˼ķͦ鷿Ĵ벿λֹ⻬ĸоֻ嶥޺۵Ļ٣Ȼھͷһ̰ĺŴ˫֮ɢĶ˵㣬һ캬סۿɰͷ˱ҧ˼޵ߺ𣬽ֻĩȴԵϮ̱˼û뵽ھַ˵ĸ߳һӾͽԼ뵽һԼûĸо֮Уһĸо˫֮ϴʹû˼࿪ʼͦظӭھ첢õ
ܣллĳң
˼оĿ֣ԽԽǿҵĴ̼֮£˼ĽǷһ̴ٶɬ̾Ϣƺܲǳˮܽذ̺ɰͷа¸ܵһ˫֣ҲɵĴɳϣӣѾǴȶˡ
ȻǴŮ
ھᵽŮǰԺ󣬿ʼתĿ꣬ͷһ·£һֻҲŻ˼ţпĽİ֮µ޳ȣһĵԺȵԺھֽ˼ţпĽİ֮µķĹĹĵͬһĴȸڽֻƸ˻˼֮Ժš
˼һ˫ȸǴķ˿ʹԼţпİ֮µķչھ£оھԼţпҲһ˿ķ֮ģܿģţп͸ھھһ죬˳ޱȵ΢¡ķѹว̬˵ٸޡ
˼ɰСвϵĻȽߵ̣Ĵ̼ھ񾭣ʹھӵ˷֮£ھָϮٸǽ۵񹵣쵽Ժھŷ֣˼СɧѾʪһƬҾİСɧµڿ㣬ҲСɧˮʪˡ
£ھٲ˵Ѳھ˫תۼ˼·ѻĩƬƬһĨڵ
ǰĻ˼࣬ھ̲סҪȥˣǺߴӵĽǳ޵壬ɫ֮ұ޾ǱŮܼǶԸͦ͵壬ŵŪ֮ͣ嶥ҲѺ߽Ƕѩ֮£ƲĿ⣻ǲӯһյһģԵϸɣߵ䱻˼ಢȸסھ֪ڵĻ˼κηֻ֮һ֣޳ȱ㽫Ϊζ
šĺʪˣ˼㿴
ھȥ˼ಢȣҲ޷ȫĹеȪˮӿ˿̻˼һƬʪ妣鶯̬֮ˡ龰ھֵ˼ȼ䣬ڻ˼Ĳдһѽ˼ȷ˿ֻˮһֵĲӿֶӳ˵Ĺ⻪
šʪˮҲܶ࡭Ҳô󣬺ø˼࡭ˮֶ࡭ɧƽձظ
ھһȥۻ˼ĹȣִֻʪŢůȣҵʮ㣬ȼǽָԴֻڵڴо֭ˮѡֻ־ôˬˣԼĴ֮ʱ治֪ˬʲôģأ
ѨеôôšȻĵĺѨ˼࣬㲻ǴŮˣôð
˼𻰣ֻھĹвסŪ֣ھһֳ嶯ڻӦصָĽסŤȣĹȵĹȱڴָͷĥ֮£ҪֳĬôѰ
ҡҪ
˼ھΪ⣬һ߿Ĺȣһ壬һаﲻݣôѨô۵ѨҲ֪ôܡǰľ͹˾һҹҹÿ˸ɵֲ֧ɡ
Щͷӡϵġϵ涼ٲˡǡÿҡҶҪܡҪ
˼Ļѿڶھɴ֣ܰһƽʱĲŮ˸ɵ㣬ǿһ£˼Ȼѿ˿ڣɫ֮زֵھϸûˣ͹ԹԵңұ֤ˬѨءȥסø˼࣬øޡʲôƣʲôλ
ాϻ˼һᣬȵ̲ס֮ʱһɵˬˬģĶֻаݵµķݶŪôãھҲ̲סˣ˼ô·òŭӵֻ̬Ҫ˾޷԰Σø˼̨࣬زŮޣˣ㾡аɣеˬãСô㡭


287 ˼٣£
˼ʱڵѳ㣬ھĹȼŪָǰ˼ཿȣĻŭţһ֮У֫ѣһ㶯ûˡھֿ˫ȣ˼ȿڼϣϵľѻòĵ˼ޣȴһ״ĿŽ飬סŤʹĹ΢ӿ֮Уһˮӿؽ
Ҫˣڻ˼ͦŤҡ֮䣬趯ѣ̬Ѫյھ̵סأǿų嶯ģľػ˻˼Ĺ֮УֻһǿļѹдխѨʵ粽У̽ĲݸţõףȽֲڼζ֮һˬ˵ãĽ룬ĹвסɦŪ˼ĽҲ˱ܵķӦ΢΢ĳ鴤֮Уغߴ
Ȼھֶλڵҩʹû˼˱仯ҧһͷںڵ㷢ͷײԵҡĶײݣ˼¡βסɸţǱܵĶʹھĽ˳죬һ˱һ룬˼ҲӿһǿҵķӦĹдУǿֳһУɳУĹ㼡鲻Խؽ˵˱Ųš
˵Ųţζʵˣ޷ݣھڴˣڲ嵽֮˫ֿס˻˼壬ݺһΣһ㽫γ˴룬˳ҲһƬ֭ҺĹһ˴룬ǿ㽫˼һ㿹ܶˣҧǲڵȴ̲ס߸ͦϣ׷Ǿ裬ӭھݺݵز壬ҵʹ˵ĶǸ֮ˡžž
һ
һھĳ嶯ǿˣ˿̵ѲҪҪĻ˼ˣʲô¶Ȳˬ˵ӣһײ֭ˮõòסɽиţʹѣཻ֫ĳͣ˼ĹȴֻÿһⶼŲţĹȿڴҪжϰʮؼţھƮƶһ㣬ѵ˻Ȼ֮͵طŻ
˼˵Ĺһھһѵ˶ֻһ鴫תۼѳȫһйҲͲסͺһݺݵز˽ȥ漴һ͸ˣҲ޷˼˼ֻĹһھľҺѴӿƵĹڲһֿ죬ǽۼеĸˣһھľҺȫ˳
ڻ˼ϴϢ˺һЦھֻǰŮȻһĵ±ȵϸŮӺüֻζ֮Ҳֵ˾ϹᣬֱԾãֵģһʹ˸ϵĿǵģëƶָ˿һˬ˹Ҳ޷
ھ˿ֿʼ쳯˼ȥ
ھĴԼļţ˼ϳůͣǰǶôؿô˧˵ḧղھ͵ռУ˼ĽԱ߳ɾڡ
ҪܡǶǶС𡭡˼࡭˼ѾйһˡΪʲôΪʲôҪŪ˼࡭㡭Ź˼ɡ
оھĿǿңѾһʼᣬشֱƶͷǻ˻˼ཿεļĻȸоʱ˼ཿղЩԺھȴ֣йҪٽĳ嶯ֻԼʵܲ
ھֻ˱ϰ˼໹ܵסϾҲ֪ԼǷ¡ԶŮǸͦ壬˵Ĳλ֮һھΪҲ⣬ֻԼǰѿ֮ڵĻ˼Ҳ㣬ٻôڡ
ھĿߣ˼Ĵ̼ҲǿңͷԼůĻʱͷ̼Ѩ˼Ǳ޳Ⱦv˵һǿҵرŪ˼Ľɵ䵱ͷߣ°ϵĺȸסĦĸо¼Уڸڰȥȹʱİĸоʱ˼಻ɵûֽţȥھͷȴһʹƫԼ֪ǾԼûǲԸֹԼĲַ
󡭡㡭ܡġĹ˼ɡҡҸղѾ㡭Ūйˡมܲˡ󡭡มҪҪ𡭡ˡܡŹ˼ɡ
Ż˼ƵоſµĽǼȿֺµĲھ֪ѾԼ˻İֻŮӵֺ̬ЩܣֻҪԼټӰ֣û˼һαԼöģһγԼ껶鵱У˵˼ܴӱ޳ƵˣˣȻûзɣھһ߲ס꣬°Ͷ˼ȣоȪһ˫һǲűԼĿŪʪȵϰһҲ˼ཿٿסԼ们ڻ˼ɼƵش˳˼ǡƯġ

ھ˵Ļ˼һǿİ֮飬һ߻˵漴ĸоȴһ˲ס죬˼ཿ˶һ˲ĳˣ˫ھȴһ㶼ûֹͣѸо˼ͳļ飬ͷɨȴǸˣ˼ղžͳھ༼֮¸ôһŪǿ糱֮۵̲סѿڶ
ܡ㡭ͷ̫̫ˡม㡭ŪġŪ˼ййˡôȡȸղŻҪ⡭ͷ͡Ū˼ˡôᡭôôġม
˼ɼԼ༼֮ѣھǵ⣬ӽ˼ǻؿʼܲסԼĿ༼ɣ֮ԼŮӴĹѾ¯࣬ѶԼĻ˼͵ˣͷĶңڻ˼Ĵ価ɨ΢ÿһʪůۼŹ˼ǷֱھͷѲĿֻԼĹȿƬСȥƷ˼ڸ߳йҺЩ΢ĿɢȫǿҵĿȡ


288 ˼٣꣩
˼ھڴ˵ĵŪ˭ղžرŪأڵھҲ֪ôţƱȸղŸˣൽڻ˼߲ݣֵ˶γģƮƮȻֻھһ㡢һ㣬ʹԼ޷԰ΣȫȫУڵĻ˼еֺͷھľֶзһһرͻƣ֪ȥԼɧˣȫûһ˿һʲôأھԼĿǿңĸԸ׳һУ඼ô΢
ֻǻ˼දѼ⽿ģӨȻļ͸˷ܵκ죬ס߳㺹Ⱦ崺⣬һ˫޳ȸҵؼвϵھԼҲܲˣλ̨Ůǣʱ˿Ի˼ʱǹ֮޷֣˼˳Լпģھ̵סȥأ
á㡭ִˡ
ھŪȪݏ˶ˣ֪ѱھŪСйأȴδӾԪȣǬԿ飬ƫĹȴֲס¶Ȫ˼ĿDƮңѼŴ꣬ҪЩʵԼȴֲ֪ڣھչж˼ֻĹȴ˿ʵĹȱĴִȴ룬ھĶ䲻󣬵ǻѼĴУ˼ʱ԰εĻ쵱УغӭϵĶԡ
Ż˼ҵھвɸֳһ˿ǿҵУ汻ԼŪĺˣôˣ䲻ƾŮǰ齿ˣȴһ˿崿յģھ񳩿죬ۣҧϵظˡ
Ҳ֪Ƕ˼ε§ϵھ۵ԼȫڽƵģһʼЩ׾õôʱ᲻СŪԼűܵĶھָ˼𽥵ԼĶֻ˾Ͷˣھ仹ֻĹȵУỺ壬ڵθڣŻ˼ĶҲҲʼڣھԲصϷżҲһθڣֻڴ˵ľ̫࣬˼ĵθڣ汻ĵĸңŪĴȪ磬ֻҲϻ˼ϲãھϵ⣬˼ڵ⡣
áܡ㡭ˡáȡô󡭡㡭˼áม١ٽЩš㡭𡭡尾˼ˡ˼ġҪ㡭ม㡭ѡ˼ſš㡭áõ𡭡ˡ
ʱ˿˼ңĳʱھɵĻ󳩣֮ԼڴϵĹȻǴгˣֻڶŮֲ֧˼඼УһʱƤһͣסĶһȴڻ˼һһĶͷĻ˼׿ڡֱŤ㷢͸һĶ̬һͬʱҲû
˼ϲҪôôɲŻأú˵ɣܵܺأ
㡭㻵𡭡Ū˼ᡭܲ˵ġ
ھֶʧ˼ڽģ֮⣬ֻжھİػУ鲻Խ߽ѿڶ˼Լɴߣֻǻһ˿ڣ˼ʱֽŵĿУƺ˶࣬ھϵİ˱ֻյȫգоϸǴ̼࣬Ĺж̲סĻȫյͷԻãȴƽʱǿ˵Ļƾ˵̰ӿ˼మ㡭İ㡭ִȡŪ˼á㡭١ٽȥһ㡭˼ŪŪ˼Ͱ
ɫŮͶ룬㼡졢ڡ˿޹䣬ϷĺۼĨһ˵Ĺ⣬˽ԭֵھܵأͷȥһᆥס˼ۻĶĶϼ»һͦһһµ̽Ż˼Դ۾ÿһ¶ƶ̽ʵĵط˼ģ§ָ鲻ԽΪһ㣬Ķûаֺ˱ܡ
֮ȫͶ룬ܸоȤ󻶵˼ԶȴϵĹҪڵ˾̣ëƶڵĻ˿ھ˵ˣ˼ƶˣƮƮȻ벻ĹǴ׳ȵľǿҵضţͼ䲻ǳǳػ˼Ĺ˷ܵζҰԭҲʹھĲ룬Ĺ֮еҺӿ֣ھĳ£סһδεھϵظԼ֣Ǿ͵ؽĹȳſĻӭʱ͵ؽ֭ˮܶʼһһΡ
֪Լһйĺֻǻ˼ߵĲȥ룬ھݵĿʵִ̫˼ȫ޷ƣĿ⣬ĶĹȱھʱһһ֭ˮҲ࣬˵ĸоойĿУʹû˼ȫ޷ƣ§סϵǾĶԼ壬ۡ
Ծأ˼Ĺʼսھľӵסٲּ϶ǹȱгڵշţһһؽھĶͻƣȴĹȹʵʵ϶ÿҪϺôȴͺ۵Сڻ˼ڣ˱ľһ㣬һֱֱָģʹ
˼Ĺе˶㣬оھľҪ˶Ҫʵĵͻھһڻ˼ľ˼£͵Ǵ׳ľӭĽĹͿʹۼӲǱŵľѹ˿
ûеĻ˼عǸӴ׳ΰľѸײڶ֮ƣŵۼس룬ȷ㽫˼Ĺۼһ˿͵ع˻˼δѽӴؾַĻ۵ؿˣʢʻ㽫ǿĳʹþסۼһ·ĥޱȵĻﱻǿһһƲ̼еſ
ûа취гԭѳھŨеĻ˼һ˲㱻ԶܵľиûˣСſȴϢĿг޷ֻܷϲ˿ãǰǽǷ裬Ĺоÿһ¶ܵϮĻǿҵζԻ˼Լÿ³̶һοֵĸ߳ڵĹȱڵûˣƾĴھʱס³ֵȪˮһֱԿաǬĸоζȴ˼̲סҪӳԼϵ˸ؽԿǬÿһĶ͵رУûһ㱣
ȫʧȥ˶ʱĸо֪ԼھԿ˶ãֻĶ߳纣˰㲻Ϯ룬һûƽϢһϮ˼Ḻ̌ˣ̱ھ½ţͻأҲˡҲ֪ˬжã˼ĻϮھһ¼صز룬ٳþֽ˻˼Ļģλ˼ĻｫذסޱȵļУһйעӿľҺճ¯ĺش˻ﵱУ˼پԼڻͷֻǻͷĹȶѣоϺ˶ǻȵĸоΧƣûһܹ⡭
شһھӻ˼ߵӣҲܻ˼ܲܵˣһת˼ཿ߸ʴƨɣ˫ڷ۵Ū׼ˮë׵ľջѨĲ˽ȥֻ̡һûѨǻ֮УˬĻ˼ȫ飬ֻеջѨ֮ɵĽеҪҪŪ
˼ĴֻҡͷҰһ
ھ˳С漴ǰһ壬Ƭľջ赲ӲĴǿײһ˼ĺͥڡھֹůҽİΧУȾõĸоֻȴ֮г֣ЩֿҲֻζѡ
ˣ
ǰδɹĺͥҲûɹĺͥǴŮأ˺ѵĸо˼ʹͷľʹеıˣԺ﷢һֻոرĴһһضһһسűҪ˺һʹ˼ʹʤܵͦܣȴھһѣʹ֮ȴҲӲˣֻͦҲֻŤѩΣھ롢ֱû
˵ھȫ֮㼴ͣסҲһ£ֻխľջǽਣһ㲻ϷɣʱҪϢĿ⣬µĻ˼ȴǲĹ޾
ǲͦͦؽſʹȴ˵һǿ̣ȴѽܲסһƵش˳ŵáʹʹܡ󡭡㡭ԡԲˡġˡҰɡ
ⰧûھȼյȴŰ֮ʢ˵˼࣬뵽ĺôӦǴŮذɣҵСȾȫȥˡĺͥխúܣеҺˬ𣿡
ʹ
˼
ǴŮأҪһʼģϰ֮ýϰ֮ˣ
֪һܻˣھأ˵û뵽˼ôʹģˮˣ䣬Щģ»Լ˰ɣҲˣο˼ţĺܽ˼ģҾҪʼˣеʹǽػ֪𣿡
˼ҧ˵йʹľ飬֪⣬ɽѩβеǰ˼ǲԶֻ»ʹû뵽˿̲ٵĴȴھ˫ְסΰ꣬ʹֻǻ룬
ֱ˿̻˼Ÿоھȵ׼ֻ»ֻˣֻҲˡҲˣͷƶĨĴˮۣһʱǳŵɼۣǶ붼ǳſʱĸоڳĥ֮䣬ȴоôʹ󻬵ĸоǿҡ
˵Ҳ棬ھ֮䣬û˼ʹȸղŻҪʹ̣֮ȴһɹĿֱ巼Ķ䱡ƤĹ֮иӿſУ·Ҳ͸˽ȥͷȴ顣
ջűĹȼʵĿ飬оΪǿңǵû˼ྐྵȻѩοŤͦͣ˼ھ֪Ѷˣв⣬ƲϿͣȴҲʮ㣬δβ嵽
ʹתΪ죬ҵʹž޴ĿУٸĹеĿ鼢ʣΪ˵ζǿҵϯ˻˼Ǹоɽɷһһ׵ĸоȻǴв֮ͬ𡣱ǿҸоʹлռ˴벿ֻ֣ζҪ޽зأ
˼Ͷ룬¡Ťҡζӭܣѩ֮меھҲ䣬Ҳ־֮ͥصĲǳ־ãָоο˼ͷһôζҲ̫ʹ֮½죬ݺɱѨ
˶˼ǰѽ
⻰һڣʱһ籩꣬ھԭӿ㽿˳ɸд˫ס˼ѩΣͰ˼ֻԼںεУһ±߸߶һֱ䣬۵ĻĴδαǳظţĿֱ͸ģ˶ŨŨٲԳ֡
˼࣬һһǲǶأǰûأ
ھЦ
˼ã֮ھĻţֶ̽˽ִֻ֮Ǵͦȣĥ֮Ҫ𻨰ҵţÿ벿ģÿ뿪Ŀ鱻㣬ǱζֻĹͷ͵ӹڡ͵˷⵽˼ƫƫÿαʱĸоڸǰζˣͷиڵ
䵱ĿܡŶھڶĥҪϸоʱζ͵˼еÿ缡͸ųҵ㺹ĸ£סģüұ˵飬ǰһԱ岻סԾſ赸һֻ壬Ǵ۰׼һֻȴѻĺ͸Ĺɼ䣬ԽĴܰסŷµСĵ̬˼
ţ·ʱҪھǿİŪöȴȵŤҡţĳӷ㣬֮ҡҡٲɢٸĵ޷ݡ
˶ܡ˶١ٿһЩɡ˼ɣ
Ļĳţ˼ֻŪǻ죬διݣйӣǿȴֹͣû˼һйй˵ĻݣзԹĽھĴϢ֮У֡
ٸϳҳʮӺھоԼѽҪʱ̡ͷе˼࣬ҡ̲סˣҪˣ
˵þȫȷͦͣ󺰵ĲˣҪ!䣬ھͦһ£һֱͦ˼ͷǶײͷϡ˫ʮָţûײץھеԼСܵǷ۵Ĺ֮вͣ
̵ζѨ̼˼ྐྵҲ˸߳ĿҲã߳ζĸоôͬôйӿȵĹһΣҲѽſſ̱еĻ˼ֻһ֪һĿ־ҪڴʱھĵͺҲ˾ͷһ·ų˻˼ӣصĻģһ鴤֮䣬̵ҽȻ˼йˮ齻ڣؽһţ˶ڴһʱ붯ˡ


289 Ϭuϣ
ǣڵŮԱŮǡʱŮǡʵԱҵϷѧԺ2004ϵơ꿪ʼʦѧ䣬СͲ֣Գڵݼרҵ赸ױڶർ㱻ýӰ
ѾǩԼѶұھΪϬuȻҲӲǱˡ
죬ϬuھıӾװӾھŽӾĻԶ
ھûнӿڣʵжӦϬu˫ֱӴϬuļ򻬵˱ϬuֻһɫƶǵӾ£ûأֻһɫ½ᣬԼָǸɫ½ᣬ̽⿪ˣ´໬䣬ϬuѾκڵسǰھ˫ֻ棬ϸۻĴдһӿĿԳʵ֣һɿʡ
סܡôѡ
ϬuֻǷһȣ֮ȥΪھ˫ѾʼϬu²ͣˡ
⿪źͿ֣ϬuġֻҪ˶һɡ
ھԵس޵
ϬuЦܣ֪ƶܣ㵱ʲô
Ϭuûֹ˫ϼƺѾĬϣҪˣ˭ջ˭أ
Ϭuļãһ˶鷿ƽʱŶ鷿û´ʮּͦʱΪ½ᱻ⿪ɫɢ䵽ϣҲ޷ڵסǶԺ飬ſԵƶѹزĴѩ׵¶ھǰȫѪҺӿͷȻھضѩ׵⣬ŬԼƽԼǧ򲻿ɼꡣ
˼ע˫ϣʱ΢İţóȫļɣͼʹϬu⣬˲ܰϣļչȥ˵Ҳһȫ氮Ϭu弡ľʱлӱ˴˵ܶȡ
ʱϬuȻԼزعͷ᲻
˵ŷ·ʶʲôնʱȾһΣæתͷȥ
ھٺ١ЦһϬuҲԺطŸղϬuĳϣ˫ֽļһ飬ԴشϬuʡ
š
ϬuͷһھԽΪϬu񣬶ڼ͵ļûʧϬuʼһѹֵȻ΢ھϸ֮£Ե
Խһˣھ˫ֵĻΧϬuıǰչ̾ԵȻ˫ֵĴָѹϬuں࣬סǰĸָǰ̽Ȼ΢΢£ƣϻƶϬuĺԱ֣Ϊܹĸоƣھָ϶ḧ鷿ָĸоھ֪ϬuԥҪҪֹ֪ȥãԼ޷ָоһִûΪŮӦйĸоϬuԥʱھָѾϬuѩ׷⣬ָָͨϸ崥УԺŰװ⣬۶ֳԵ·ʱڻָ⣬ָ
ܡ
Ϭuһľ
֣Ϭu𣿡
ھϬuӦ˫ֱһĨ˵ķ뿪ŷ壬»صϬuıϣȻֻϬu鷿࣬ȻָֻһӶϬuĸоȴޱȵĴ̼˷ܣϬuٻķӦٱǲָ֪Ĵ̼
ھ˫ִϬuıϻղϬuƶȻٴӹܹ鷿ĸоһδָԣ˫ԽԽǰ˽ϬuĸϸÿθָָᰴϬuĶ꣬ϬuĽָ΢زѾȫ˼İܸϬuĨɹˣϬuѾ޷Լڵֻſһھİһ߽ˡ
ھǰϬuѾ˵ϰȫˣֻΪſŶû¶ȫ鷿˫ֲͣζϬu⻬ϸظ֮䣬ܻûдϬuѩ鷿Ŀֽһ
ϬuȻǴŴھذظⲢѾȫȥеĹǣԷֿ˫ȻӭˣϾ¹ԼŮ˵౾ܲ˵žܷŵģ·ҪһһѣҪľǾϬuѹʮϬuڿǻ֮ꡣ
ս˫֣оз⴫ľ˵ԣֻ鷿Ե֣Ϭuʱӱǻзһ̴ٵšܡ𡭡
Ϭuϲ㰴Ħ𣿡
ھϬuȻֲе⣬̷ſ˫֣ڻܵʱ֪ˬ֣ϬuŮʱϲ˵ҪġҪˣǾԻ㣬ʹϲ˵
СʵĲҪʣĦġ
ȻϬu̶֡ˬ족ľٶ˻Ӧβ˫ѹظ֮£Դ˫̽Ϭuظ俪ʼϬu΢̧βֻѹסԼ鷿ظպñ˫ֵƶ·Բѹס˫ֵȻǱʾˡ
ھɰԸˣϬuʲôҲûʾǾˣҪľǰϬuˣ΢ЦŻ˫ƶϬu룬ָָϬuѩ׻Ķᰴѹද£ָػȦϬuĺ̼ȫ΢زţھܿѩ׹⻬ıһϸСȻϬuβ˫ֻķΧҲָ֮
ھһָϸϸظϬuĸһ߿ʼӾ簮ĳ̶ȣֵָỮϬuƤһ·ϣֱ鷿ԵֹͣʱھϬuһĶʼ
ھָ鷿Ե·𻭼ؿʼϬu鹴飬ٴ黮飬ӾԵϬuĸػԲȦھѾܿˣԲȦټӴһ㣬˵Ϭu·ݣ뵽⣬̿Ȼﲻһ
ھ˫ֵع£ϬuѹʮѾѹӿɶƵϬu˵ֿԭĸ֮ĵİһкһ㡣
ܿھ㷢ϬuһֱסؾȻҲ̧̽һ£ȻϬuѾǶ˶ͦ鿪Ÿˣû˳Ϭu˼ǶѾõ壬ָֻǵԾ˵ϲ᲻صػһ¡
ܡ
һ֮ϬuĺеѪҺ·˲䱻˵ȼھҪѳֲסѹϬuȥһƽе궯ϲֱֱȥ԰϶ԣϲƿµĶŮĹ̸ԡ
ڵĶӺݸ߹ԲϬuϣݲݵؽһ㿼ǾǲϬu̱֮£ҲΪԺĿǡ
Ϭuûнһʾ֮ǰھĶߣһںסԲĶҧסȻһ˱һͷơ
šš
Ϭuһõ˫鲻Խ쵽棬ھպͷھݺʪͷϬu۵ĲϺһַһʪʪӡֻصĶ䡣
ȵĺϬuĶ䣬ھҧĶһּΪ˵ϬuҸĴҲĨϷɹͺ𣿡
Ϭuġšһʾͬ⣬ܶû˵ʲôܿ϶ղһĻشԼһжص㡣
ھ˫ִϬuѩ׹⻬ĸջأЩɹУϬuȻܵСȣʮָ·ͷһϸشϬuСȿʼ¸ҲûУڳţϬuȺƯҲְ
ϬuֻǺߺ˼ʾشһһҺ˵רĵԼַָϬu˫ȡ
ھ˫ͣϬuµ˫ϡɷ۵ĽƣԲɰĽֺӨһȾĽָףʹûҲ˷Ī
ھϸϸе㣬ÿһֺ춼ҪĦȷϲ©κһطϬuԲɰĽֺصעƾŷɹ͵󻬣ָϬuĽֺУصسţЩķۺɫֺȫھָ
Ϭuͨ죬˫Ŀ˿ϬuϸϸϢֺ̬кݺݳ˼¡มม
Ϭu˫ҧ촽һʴǵھͣ¶󻹴Ϣ˺һᣬбᲨ˿˫һ䣬⻵ܡ
ھҲ̲סһоĴյ֮𣬿Ҫӿˣ˫ַŵϬu۵ĴϣֱӻϬuԲȵڲ࣬һȵķ飬дĲָо˵
ھƼᶨƶʱָϬuڲ۶ޱȵļⰮϬuڲΪĴ̼ԶԶ˰Ů˴ڲ౾á
˵ǰϬuһֱֿѹֵĻôϬuѾʼ˼ɵйһ糱Ŀˣ߹ŵϬuָڲƶһ˵ĽĿھȫѪҺ˲ֱʱëȥ
ھָϬuĴڲϻһһԲȦӽȸķ𴦣ָӾı߷ỮżŪһ۵ļม
ϬuѾһƬ
ھٴδյϬuĶߣϬu۾׼
Ϭuͷһۣ⻵СʲôҿϬuҪԸϬuֵ¡
˵ھĻԹԱ˫ۡ
֮ҪϬu۾һھղϬuһжǴĨɹӣֻǸϬuһͻԼߵɣֻҪԼҵ˽ڣİõض䣬ҪһҪҳµɣϬu۾еĸоеԼĿУϬuתͷѵΨһĶ̿㣬Ѽͦϵ˳޴ɺͷڿһ¶ޱȵš
Ϭuƺʲôһ޵·ڴߴϽж
ھϬu˫ϥֿٽС𣬿ȥеӾƣΪϬuԺܺãõĻŪϬu򵥵ƶϬu˵ѣھں棬סϬuֻķ۽һ¼ס壬Ϭu˫ʶһ˫ֵĹ̶΢һ±㲻ٷϬuĺԱøΪ٣ȻԤϵҪӴھǻȹ̵ȻȻŵԺ
ھϬu۵ĽӲȵȻϻƶɹ͵ȻɵϬu֮鶯ʱ˶ͷᶥŪϬu۵ĽģһӲӲԺгֳÿһεĶĥһ˻ĽϬuԲĽֺԼȻϲͣ䶯бһֱţڴ֮ǰھδԭȻϬuŻ˵ˬ죬ͷϬuĵ⣬һֻŲ£ʾ⣬ϬuԶʼɰĽֺھһòһֻķ۵ͷһĥ
û뵽ϬuҲһ˶ھϬuһ䣬ĿתϬuΪ˫ȴ󿪶ԵԽԲʵԲϣ¡ΰѺɫӾŵñޱȣӾϬuȸ˽չ¶ɣһͷ¡Ĵ󻨰걻ӾԼɼмһСӾУѩ׵βźɫӾγһջھ˫ֺݺסϬuβม
Ϭuھ͵ϮŪһ߰
ھһ⣬ϴ£Ӿ㣬һɣٽϬuιУ߸¡ѩĳǰ
žһ죬ϬuḶ̌ھʶѩ׵һơ
ܣû
Ϭu۵Ҳһҫ۵ˣ漴һɫӡظϬuѩ׵ΰϣϬuƨĺɫӡھûظеһ󼢿ʣϬuҲһĪŰһĿС
ھϬuԹæ޶ãžһΰҲһɫӡھ䣬ƵġžžϬuƼٵ˲Һͷӿѩ쳹ӾصϿգܿϬuѩ׵ΰϱ㲼ھɫӡͣظϬuβԭϸѩѾ΢΢̣ĸοϬuֿʼʵ˵һ£ƶء


290 Ϭu£
ָоϬuȰƵĸоʵ̫ˣҿϬuӣоҲ˷ܣھϬuڲ෢һƬӨˮաϬuƨɣھķΣȻˮˣһĻ氡
ھ쵽Ϭuȼ䣬ŴڲһΣһСƬˮУŵϬuǰ䣬ֻǴʱȻԼǵ˫ֻסԼ˶鷿ȻֻŮʶұ˵ֻһľٶˡ
ھֻմ۵쵽ϬuǰһĶ˵۾Ϭuʲô
ϬuƺѾ֪ھҪʲôˣ˫ۣߵͨ죬ʹšһ½ܣͻ۸ˣϬuҲ۸
Ϭu۸أ۰Ϭuء
ھЦһͦȵͷײϬuϣһݣԵʱͽͷס
ϬuһĿȴǰһֻմԼ۵֣š
һָϽ۾
ھסϬuһ߹̶һζβһ߻ڶƤϻԲȦϬuһľؿڵϲϬu
Ϭuûлشھֻھšһ£ҲøӼ٣ھմϬuˮַŵ£һᴵϬu۵Ķ䣺Ϭuζɧ
Ϭuһ£ûлشͻȻתͷ˿˫ۿھ޺һڽմԼ۵ָ˿Уھ΢΢һ㶣ԼʧϬuĺ촽䣬һůǻңһʪһزմָϵĻһ˱ʧһɶ
Ϭu³ھָھ촽һԴζ̵ҺĿж˹֣Ϭuھһ˵̬ϢŽϬuζó𣿡
ھδ뵽ϬuȻῪʼǰɧģѾǴĲ鵴ˡ
ھ¿еĴˮ΢ЦζϬuζɧֺóԡ
Ϭuͨպˮ˫ЦϬuҰҲĨϷɹͰɡ
ޡСϬuĻܡ
ϬuֱĿ
ھ˫ִϬuҸ̽һסǰԲ壬Ϭu˶ӣֻһƬ壬һָУ۵ָھͣϬuֻ壬ů鷿仯״
ھָסֻ嶥˵ķۺɫʱϬuƱ˹ͷһ㣬̱ĻڣھϬuͷѸͦӲСھǦʺƤ
ס𣬻ƽͷѹһఴھϬu˫飬˫Уǰֻ͵ֻϬu·԰ͦӣˣҪĿ
Ϭu𣬴ˬˬ
ھͷϬuڿеزŰͦϸֻھƣʮӲָ룬Сɷۺ򱻼ƴǰ͹Ե޶Ŀ
มϬuˬܡšϬu̺
ϬuһָھֱϣһԼ鷿һסĲӣ˿ؿšܡϬu
ھϬu΢ĺ촽ܹܾݺȥͷϬu촽ʪһ𣬷ǻ׷𣬼ҵսУظоϬuϵЩϸСĿ
ھϬuǵÿҪ޷˶Ϭu׷˱촽๴Уਣϸϸƣ໥ŶԷеĽҺŴӶԷ
ھϬuסԶβϵȻϬuܷܷһսˣ˫۾ŵؿܡġôֺó
˵꾹Ҳ쵽ַֻǿȫھȻ֪Ϭu뵽ʲô˫ֽŭͦ壬ͷȴؿļϣչ̣۾ȵĺٵϡ
ھϬu˿̺ߴĵĽ̬˫ֲһѡ
һǵĽ
Ϭuҵıô𣿡
ھаʵ
ššม
ھϬuԲͷϬu˼Ļش
ϬuҵıҵıĨЩͰɡ
ھϬuһֻסңһֻסȻżɬʼǰ׶ȻϬuϸţɬȴҵ׶һĿУ񾭡
ھͻȻ̽һסϬuĴȸƽӾµĹȣϬuʱȼסֵƣ˫Ҳ׶
һɻȴϬuĹĹ͸ƣһƬ塣ϣʱϬuĹĹʪһͿӾ㶼ѽ͸ھϬuĻ꣬˳мİ죬һ̣մһֵĻۣϬuһӱ
ϬuõһҵıҵĵһѨȴôɧˮ
ھ쵽ߣһڣţȸղŵĻҪ໹Ҫɧһȵء
ھʣĻȫĨϬu΢ĿУϬuҲԼĴˮ֮ٶĿУû£ƷһᣬַϬuĿУ˵촽֮һӨ˿ߣϬuޱȵ΢˫ۣԼĻۡ
ϬuҸѨҲĨͰɡ
˵һק´ʱϬuΨһӾ㣬ϬuڳĻˡ
ھĴ˳ϬuڲϵĴˮһֱĵǻȵĹĹһϬuĹĹȥʮֹ⻬ĶһСķݣʱĹĹһƬŢٴһѻۣͿĨȻϡ
ϬuŪļԽ죬ȻϷڳҺŸմĹ͹ĻͿƣطĭھŲһͷλãǰһϬuۻΰм˽ȥ˶ͷһȵİݴ
ءҪ
ϬuŤԲΰסͷȴڲͣŪȻ
ھϬuһӣסʪܵĹĹȣԴ˹̶ס塣ϬuҪҵͷϬuƨƨˡ
Ϭuջͷһĥ
ءมҪһ㡭ม
Ϭuʧͷ洫޴ѹеƤܸоЩջ״·۽ҧͷĶˡ
ʵϲû̫ĿУϵ˷ȴױȣֻҪһԼȻͱϬuľջһһ߿Ѩھ˷ܵû
Ϭu΢ƽһ㣬ھĶϬuľջ̣еҵͷýϬuǵһͱľջİɣϲͱľջϬuҵͷͱϬuľջһҵͷɡ
һ˵ͷһתϬuȻԼľۣһһյ˱ھͷ
ϬuľջûУҺϲͷϬuľջ
ھ̲סһϬuȻһֱҵ쵽ָľۡ
ţڴ֮ǰ޷
ղϬu˱ԼˮʱѾΪˣû뵽ϬuܹһھȻͱԼջȥھľۣǷɧŮ˶Ϊѹ̫ãƺҪˡھظŪϬu𤻬ĹĹȣָͣĴС֮䣬ָĸоԺϬu״ֿʺĴ󻨰꣬Сָ꣬̽Ǹʪȵ磬Ѱ۵飬ᲦŪʱкŮ忪ʼָ
ھָϬuѾ΢΢ѨʱϬuķۿǰһ£·ڴָؽ룬ȻδϬuĿָǸڴȦ
ϬuղֻСܵȥˣҪҪְ׽ѽ
ھЦŪ
š졭ҡ׽
Ϭuβǰͦš
ʲô׽ѽ
ھʵ
áġָ
Ϭu϶
ȥ׽ѽ
ھŪ
ҵġѨ
ϬuԽԽСָǼš
Ҫ˵Ϭu̫СĻܿ
ھ͵ѹסϬu͹һ𶯡
ءܣ졭ָ嵽ϬuѨมָݺݵزϬuѨء
ϬuҲܲסǿҵĿУ
͡һ죬ھָϬuѨ
ม
һ߿Ϭuǿҵǰ𣬾ҧסھͷѩ鷿·Ҫơ
ȡھָĵһоؽָϬuĹĹзһߴߴÿһγ嶼ƬƬ𤻬֭ƺʹȵǣָĽ룬ھȻȵķ֣ϬuȻһӣΪָѾϬuǱĴŮĤھ֪Ϭuɷǽǰһͱȥ֮ǰھһֱСģΪϬuпǴӣھ֤ʵͰǰھĵĿϲ֪ϬuɧģϬuѹڵʵ̫̫ˣǰĴϬuβھͷϬuŰҲϬuѹĽɡ
ҪҪˡ졭ٿһ㡭
ϬuͷھļͰ㻬ĴȽס֣Ĺƴǰ
Ϭu۹̽խѨţǻھ䶯ڽھָƺҪָĸ
һУԭϬuھָһ壬Ȼﵽ߳ˡ
ϬuԺгһĻ棬Ӿԣھӱ§ͬԼھһϬuѩ̵ͦӣһַȸ۵ĹĹȣָѨµؽϬu̱ھĻУһھִȻԼδľջһŪھҺ͸ţȻھָؼ´ﵽ߳
ҲһӣҲӣϬuѨľʧҲɳؿھļ룬΢ź촽ڴڵشˮ
ھתָʮСģϾϬuǴӣദĤֻȻܲƣھ̽ѰȻǻָĥ۵壬Щزûоͷ쳣һ粨˰䶯ֹ
ϬuѨڶôˮõϬuѨϬuϲҿѨȵģģҵָء
ھЦ˵
ҪŪϬuˡϬuЪม
ھϬu˵ָ꣬Ѩ͵һµĻֻһ
ϬuѨСӻû׽ôͣ°ɡ
ھ
죿
ϬuȻżڴ
Ϭu˳ӵز˫ȣϹſãһѪƱγˣѩβ߸滹һЩӡʪĴԳţ¶мʺĹĹȣĴˮеһ˿˵ζ
ɫĴ󻨰ѷֿ¶ۺ⣬ӨӰƤͦҫһӨˮ⣬۵С΢΢ſԼɼȴסһɫžջ״Сף΢壬ȴۣһһضţϬuȼص˽ˣһжޱسھǰ
һᰴھļϣһ˳űˮ˳ʪ߻£ʵķ͡ϸµƽԭ𲽵·֮䣬ָ֣Ĺȿ΢΢ֻнĳۣմָ侹ƴһ㣬΢Ǽȵ⣬ǵûֹס顣
ϬuڵֹҲֹסӾˮůȣԵĴ̼Ϭuָ֮˶ھĿڱھݣϬuĵѡ
Ϭu΢Ųλã£ĹȻؽھȻһһûֻǿһȣϬuһһسף˵ղųѰеط֣ϵھȻﾹһһس󣬺ǿӲÿÿ̽Ĺȵʵޱȣ¶Ľ˻ĵеأɵϬuйתŸ֮߳ʱδζ䵽ӹͷ
ھ֮ʱڵϬuֱϷģϬu˵ԣڱھǻ֮УϬuϲطԼĹŽȻȫɵĶϲ֮䣬ھĻȻյȫգҲ˸߳ò԰Ρ
ϬuۿھȻһرԼûоǲͬһ㣬λ΢ĹȵָⴥȻĻ̣Ӿˮů֮£ֻǼĹͷдЩھʱ򣬺ȴָ们Ĺȣ˫صζϬuȵϬuѩڴھȸӲͦȫ֮ʱϬuֻͷھ̽ú泩飬һʱ侺ûˡ


291 ٸ䣨ϣ
䣨19731117աй̨ĿˡϺȺҵϺϷѧԺ1999챾ưͻʦѧ2002˶ʿоࡣϺϷѧԺMFA˶ʿѧλ1994굽㽭̨ġ1996굽Ϻ̨1998֡ԼܵڹעʼС1999굽ϺνĿˡ
ھĽĴҪһ׷ȦǮʲôõĵԺɵؾͿԺνϴ
ʱھ绰ѯԼǲǷȥҡ
󻵵˼Ҹղϴأ
Цһһ£ҰӲһ£
ϴ裬Ǿڻûд·ˣھпϲæ䱦ȲҪˣɣúõذȫ¶ɾ
û·ͪ壬ھѪ
Ǳ߶ҲھܹȥƵģĵЦǺðǸҵ̨⼸̨ˣھ͹ɣҵ㰡
û뵽ׯ磬滹ɧģھַæ˳ȥ俴Ǯ٣ȻסһıȻܸھȣҲ൱ˡ
ھÿĴţǾձھǰѾһۺɫ˿˯ȹ˯ȹֻеϥǵĳȣѩԲ޳˵ȫ¶棬˯ȹССĵڶ˪ѩ۰׵ļͷ˯ȹؿڴںܵͣǸƣһ¶档
ھϸŶϴԸֻ΢ƫˮģˮؿھƽƮݵں㷢˿̴żεˮ飬Ըʪ촽΢΢ޱȣڰﻹߵĽģź۽׾ӨԲ񼡷ӯѩ޳šעĿģͦǰһѩɽ壬ڼ͸ķɫ˯ȹɼΡΡ壬ӯӯգʵͦʣʾɫŮٸеıζ
ھĶֽ޹ǣȴֵʮĽ§˻УĶߴ䱦̫ˣھҪ㣬Ը𣿡
ɫǣżΣҪռң
ȭھشһ£ӼȽֿɰھˣɫɫһЦˣڹϾͼˣǴʹһҿһ۾ͱȱסˣ
˵ţھĽ𣬷ŵ˿ɳ档
Сͨ죬ߵĵϼޣھĽ˫ȷֿﵽԼϣš
ھûͷȥŽ͸ķɫ˯ȹֵ̺죬ھֶȻûд֣ͦ·һ˫£һƬѣҫ۵ѩ񼡣ڴ£һʰСھȲ붭˯ȹȵظ˿ѩֵظߡھȫǽޱȡỬϡеϸʸˣɷ㼡ѩɢĵŮ֮С
ھؽ˯ȹϵĵŪ˯ȹʵ䣬ʱǶѩ˵˳ھɵõһʺͷڻԲ鷿ϣǰεĽ飬ǡôһַͷҲ΢΢̣鷿ͷǲ޵֬ۿں졣ǱһԿɰ鷿ѾءΡΡصͦھǰɫɰĶʱߺһƬϽ˫ۣĽޣ֪롣
ھֻǰҫ۵ѩУһԷӯͦԲĻٰ㺬էٰ֣ģһԽС硢Өɰ̺׵ͷӡߴؽھͦšһԽСɰͷһΡĶ˵Ļߴڴſ˵߻ϷһԽСɰߴͷΧһȦâΣ̺潥һƬ˵ɺ졣
۽СĿɰͷѾ˵زӲͦھ캬סͷ˱ţⲻʱתøӲʱھӲſӣĥŶĻĴתظܵزһɹ֭Һӿ˳մھĿ档
䱻ھȣ΢ţͷ̶ĥӣھ֪Ѿ飬뿪ӲǳɫͷĽ㴽ƷеĽҺͷͶͷһٽ˱ԼУʱĦͷʱסͷӴĵطʱط̵価ҹ˼ŵˣ׵źĲ
ھĺ߽ԽԽҲԽԽԺͻȻþȫһ˫޳ȼнھٵŤǵھʵͷҲüһ

ԽԽСͨھæɿĽһȻһ·ȥֱͦ񾱡ѩ㼡۷һ·£ھ촽ǹѩۻظһסһС硢ӲͦĿɰͷ



292 ٸ䣨У
޾ɫĶһⰻȻĽɵҲԼתĽ䣬糺ľɫ̸ߺһƬɫ̣߲ھʱѾչܹ˯ȹͷסһޱȡߴӲͦĽСɰͷ˱
ͬʱھһָֻסһֻŭŰʡΡΡͦĽ飬ָסͬѪ̺ɰĽСͷһֱŪö使ѣƴ§ھĲӣｿߵܣңҪ㡭Ҫֹ
ʱھҲͣȲһٸӣŵɳϣƽţԼѸٽ¿ھСܴʱѼӲһһţҲԥ򵽶£׼ڻӸǰھֻоȺģƾھӲ̵ĴִԼ壬˫ܽӣھֻⲻϵ䶯ǿ˱벻СѨôĽͣǸ̨ҲǸɣھϴˬɵһһֱӶ˽۵ӹ
޵Ŀɽӿˬ˼˹ȥھȥӣҰͷֻתĥһĸоֱӿţڱܣŤ۹⻬ࡢ޵ѩ壬Ե䶯ڣһ˳𽥵Ͽеĵ߷壬ԸӣҺȪӿҵؽ񴭣һʺϢС켱ٵغţһ˱ھĴȴѾõĻĴһǿеĿУٶ𣺡ááܡҰ㡭̫ˡáมม
ʱĶ䣬ȫ׶ʴǵĿ£˵崫ĿУѸȫһֵ˳Ƿɿû
ھˬŶ㻬壬ⶭǱֻͦ飬ͣشۣһ㣬仯Ÿ״ͬʱͷǺɫѰ㣬ΡΡķۺɫ飬ֻȫ£һ͸ڵشƾھԼϳ۳ҡ
ҵĽʹøΪ˽ޣƴŤѩӭŴĳھȥǻصĴϢţغס˽޼˻㴽ţĽҺ˿ڣ౻ھɵһزסˣ໥ﲻͣطڡ
Һóʵô󡭡ม
˵ϴӶıھòꡣ
ѩ׵ź§סھͦʪĻӭĳ壬ȻȽɬķӦھĿ˷ܵؿʼͦҺһһɵشӿ˳û뵽ҺһŮ࣬Ūھ°ʪܵģʪĴ󻬶ȡھسţÿζùͷײĻģһʱֻ꣡
꣡
꣡
ϡǿҵĳ壬ʹҲԽԽıסھھѩ׻Բ⻬һůʵʹھӹĹͷ͵ø󣬹ͷڽʱͣĹŶ۵ڣʹȫ飬ڽ˫Ի˵޳̧ھ۱ھϣȫһΰĳ鴤ڵۻڸǽסȹ̵ĴִһԵУ˫ѽסھĺ󱳣۽СѨƬİҺԭﵽ˵һθ߳
³öﵽ˸߳ھǳԼĳɼŵ˵𣿡
ţҸоԼҪˣ
ȫɳ棬˿ˮھ˵ܣȰҵǸϲ̨Ҫ֪ٱأ
߳ˣھȴûУַ˶NβԼĳܹÿһζжʵʵڵײܹǣھļУԽ䶯Ӧţһ˫㳤ʱ١ʱƽţھÿһ²ӭϵؽ̧
ޱȻɫӣ΢ţתţһ˫ѩ׵ź۽סھ˫磬аɰСֽؿٽھ¶ǻҲƵĴѨндȫѩҫ۵Ĩ˲ϼӲزǰͦʵ鷿ΰóӿ鲨߳㺹꣬ĻİҺ΢ѬߵĽдС׷Ѱ߷ŮžžһٵϢһγԭʼ˵£ھ˵ӻ϶ø㺹ɽ䡣


293 ٸ䣨£
֪˶ãֻǸȫʵŽխضľ޴Խ徹ȻԽڣһʶ֮ԽԽʪ妻ԽԽҰ壬Ұطֿսޱȵ˶ԲĹ̹ͷֱؼСխڣֿڵճĤ⣬شǻİСڣȻǺŵĽۻģͷ˵۸պõִ档
һ˻ɢද侭סǿҵĴ̼һ󼱴ٵĽ񴭣ͷƴ޵Ӳ˷ܵĺ쳱˿Ϣٶӯнܡһ㡭á̫มܡ㡭̫ǿˡءᡭЩ
壬εεھĶ߲ͣڻ죬ֻھǿ඼Ҫǻĳˡ
ม
ʪС조ءţԸн޵ӣ߸ߵؾƺջ޹ǣ˻ȫǸһԽľΡ鴤еճĤزĴִϣһƻȵС
չҰس̡һͷδҲĴĹԳ˽Сӹڣһߺ˲ʱò԰ѩ񴭵С췢һѪšļٰĽ䣺šš
һް꽿䣬խСӹڽסھǹ˶ĻԲͷһƬѣ˼άһհףʺ˵ӣһת䣬ٴлŮļ۷塣ھͬҲܵͬǿҴ̼̲סֱסѩ׷ΣܵСһסھĴ˵ܺϣʹھͦ嶭ʪʱ°ھ˶°ڶ
ھͷȥ˶ĽᴽŴ죬Ĵھ촽˵ھһ𣬽Һ˶̰ŶԷе֭ʱͻȻʪ͸СѨٵͦʮ£ȻĶסھĳܹǲнţܣҪҪȫˡ
ھ㲻ͣĶţھĹͷʱ붭˻ĽĵһһӲСͣදھĹͷۣһܵӹҧסھͷڵľһŨ̵Ӳ͵СھĹͷϣھǴִڶ۵ڳ£ڵǿĦһ飬ټ϶ڽź߳УСխڵס׳һΡʪ۵ճĤز׳˶һաھľʧأòˣþȫƵؽ޴Ƚխ͵һ塣

һ䣬ҧü壬ξӨӽյжһϲúˮһŮ˵Ů彻ļ֮ۡˮʱھĹͷ붭޴Ĺͷǽ۵ӹڣһŨŨľҺֱ붭ӹȵУھ˶̵Ĺͷǽۿɰһදѹڽ˶ޱȵĹͷ˶ӹڡ
εཻŵһزһһŨŨ̵ľҺ׵Ķµӹڡȿеֻӹڽסһ޴ĹͷǻӲĹͷھƵһɹɹ̵ľҺ̵ӹڱһ飬Ҳݸӹڣӹڵһ󼫶ȳ鴤Ѹٴ塣оӹСڼȵľҲؽһȵĿ䲻֪ʲôֻ巼¶泩
ھµŮϸϸ㺹죬κѩ׽һᶶ̱Ĵƽǹڶ̺졢СʪѨﶥסĲϳ
Ŷ䱻ԼھԺ͵⣬ɫа˵ҵ䱦СѨȡýҺࡱ󻵵˵ˣ
˱Ȼһ˫˷۵ˮ߰ھľſᴽס죬ĮȪƵ˱ھ⣬ھǿ͵ػǣ˴˶̰ŶԷе򣬼Ĵ̼֮С
޴̼ʴǵԸ߳ʢʻĶʱһ˫ۣ˿з۽ѩϲ㱡㺹΢ţɢ㡣Ȼţǰ˫Ȼͦѩ˶ĴϢ²ӳһƬѩ⣬Ųͦۺ΢΢


294 ٸ䣨꣩
ھٴΰһ˫ѩ׻Բ޳ȣסĽֺÿһͷȥºʪǣÿһѩ׳ԶỬıŹͬʱһ˵ĸ࣬ĥ˫ۻԲȣֺףСڲࡣ
Ǻ͸ѩһĵĸоһӱ鼰ȫÿ䣬Ǳʪ͸Ļǻ۷ģռŻľĴݵ쳣󻬹񫣬Ҳ̼ܵѸѱͽ۵СѨŵñġ΢仯ٴ使š
˵ɢŵٴھʵ첶׽㴽ͷ׵˿ݣ˶߲ͬԼĿУ̰ŪšͬʱھưϧסһԸ΢̱ʮ鷿´ţָǿŷۺ죬ͱӲͷ°ţɽӿ˹
䲻ͣŤѩĽ̴ڼԽӴأšš
ھſ촽ʵ䱦㣬ˣÿʱÿ̶ϣ
ߺھϵɫϲھˣΪ֮һͦСѨĴѸͱøӲɱˡ˿̲ŷѨŵܲ͸磬д֮ƣһܡ㡭㡭Ҫ
仰δ꣬ھѾ쵽壬һЦָʪܻϣ΢һſʳָ׾ٵİס˶ĻѾӲϸѿָٰͬ㶶٣СɵϸѿҲָ˶𽥵ĸͣ״󡣶ҲָͣطڶϢҲԽԽ٣ʼҧŵ˫Ҳ³˷˵มมӴء
ǿ֯һֱ˿ڸھͻȻѴӶʪܵĻ͵úɫĴͷԵɫ͸Һӣ촽ʪ͸Ļ꣬˱ţھ϶СѨʱֵԨ̲סȼнھͷ۽СѨھϿھ̰㻬Ļ꣬ĺҧסǿ缺ӲСѿסֶŤ̴ڽม
Ѿʶڴˣھ߳ĵ鼼£Ҫ߳ˡ
ھСѿ촽ڻܣԲȦķʽٵţ˶Ľ겻ԼʣʼԸпٵİڶϸ֫ҪѰ߳ɸ߳ھȴֹͣͷ뿪°˶˫˿ıݣ̴ڵĽҺ˵ͷﲻݵضţͬʱھǾ޴ĹͷŶʪĻ꣬Ħʱͷ˽ȥһ㣬ȴϳֱö͡
ھһ󣬿ʼؼӿٶȣֶ˵ϸѾȫӭԼĶʱͻȻİ˫ֺ찮ʪ㻬߸ͻ壬ȻĿʼͦʱȫĳڣ²ֱֻġظ˼Σڣ޳ȽؼסھۺСѨҲ׷ھĴ德Σ糱ҺӿʱھֽĶ޳˵ŷֿ߾٣ͦ˶ԲĹͷͣʪĻ޴һβ붭խСݶ
ʱĶɵ۰аϣ˫κ𣬱ڷľ޴ھ˵СͻȻ䣬ھõȷûȶһھѰһ˫Ȳһ𣬸Ž˫ȷ࣬ȴȵ档һ˫յʹСѨֻʣһ죬ھ̧ͦΣǡꡱһѹͷ˽ȥ

С﷢ھʣµһš̹ҲȫСѨս˵ļ仨ŻߵĦȻһ˿϶ûˡ
ءء
ԽԽˣѩ׷ҡڣҪҵĳ壬ƨŤԽֻǸҵĹ
ءม
ļϳھĶģѪҺҲھڷڣλܵϵ԰ɣ侧Ө͸˴V֣ïܵķһ使εĻſ߰ͦţ׳µسɱ
ŵŵİڻصƢŮеźˮϢռ彻ʱСѨײžϵسھ˵ꡣھÿһζ붼Ѵ嵽СѨܱ֭棬ճճʪҷǺϵķУھԼİĶܵԸ߳
使۵СѨֱԣСѨͬǣŴͷٵУ֭ڽշʱƱǣıЩδŮ򱶣Ѩǳջ

ĽͻȻһҵĲɫ͸ҺͻȻСѨܵĽϴӿھĴڲൽǣ֮ǾɫŮ֮㶭ڰԵ״̬ŮԸ߳ǿҿг񾭡ھغ˿΢һͦһ죬ȻͦĴҲӶʪܵСѨڳʱһˮҺ͸֭˳ιȸɳϡ
ھ԰Ĵ̼£˺öθ߳оеˣķǱ㱧Ϣȥˡ


295 Ƶ壨ϣ
ƣFaye Wong196988ճڱйŮ֡ӰԱ
1987ףɱ۶ӣѽܰݴ˼Ϊʦѧϰ衣1989꣬ԡǾɾӡ۳1991ϧ̳Զ޶֡1992꣬ط̳ӢShirleyFayeƳComing HomeС˵Ůˡ̳ߺ죬֮ġԡ͡աȹרй½̨弰⻪г
λʱܿĻ֣ա춹Ը⡷ȡ
ȻƲھ˾ˣھҪ˯Ҳǲеġ
ΪھҰƷ顢屧ڻУƵ˫ۻҵĲӣһ˫ˮҡǻţҰޡ顢ԸСƱ¥ŮϢĵҡ
Ұڷ˫˴ϡƱʹϷһƬ糺죬ĿƱĿ룬۽üԾ⣬Ťŷ壬ȫ߱£ǷءΡ
ſƷϣţ¸ţ΢΢Ϣţҵĸο
ƣҰ㣬ҪˣҪ㡣
ҰƵѹ£˫ţƬ̼Ƶȫ
ƱҸý岻סŤţܡҡҴӦ㡭ҵСԱ
ƣҲΰɣܺ
ҲǵӲŶ̿㴥ϡһʱѲ֪ξʵ
§ңСҵ죬ߺ棬϶˵ġššܡššܡšܡššҡšҡѡ·šš
ʵԣвдһ˿˿סɵķѱܵյûҷ
ҼֱһУξҪΪʵʹҲ˫֣һʱ侹֪ܰϮȹȥƵһֻס򼤶ϲ֣쵽£ȥλڱ
Ҫţܣ㲻Ҫõƣҡó
̧ͷƣֻƮһĨʹߺ죬һ˫ĿߵĹã
ƵĹͰ£ҾȻȻƱȹҰ顢޳ֱ۰ţ¶ҸͺڵҸëϮ˿ĳȹ¡
ʱֻʣ¾¡Сɵˮɫ˿ֺǿ㣬̫Сˣסӳǽ۵֬һȫޡ졢顢ԸеŮ˵ͺҵǰ
ҷϣĿ飬޽ߵؿһۣϣ΢΢˫̺졢ӣҵǵСʱͣҽһ˱ţưɵġͷҵҵͷһ
һذ֮ްĲظƵ£⿪ˮɫСɱµ˿֣ƵһֻѾµŰ¶ķ
ڶһ΢Ŀߺ죬졢顢ԸеĽ΢΢ţذ΢ƿһ㣬¶ۡء
̱ð桱ڰڵݼЧʹҸе˫ȫ¶̲סȥҪѽǰ鷿ġ۵ÿޣƣ̫ƻˣҪ˫顣
Ťһ壬﷢ҵ˫ô㿴أôƻˣѵʲô𣿡
ſϣŤӣŽ˵ƣˣҪ˫飬ҿ
ߺ棬΢˫˵ܣҵСԩң
˵ưִزƿһԷͦԲ̵鷿ͬһ԰׸Խǰۡ΢ĴϢţСɵͷ͸˴ѡ
Ƶ鷿һֱ㽵ƷԲ̡ͦ鷿չԼǰһӤʱҵƵ鷿ҿֻһԸеģĳ졢޵鷿
΢΢ָһ԰ۡ󡢷顢ͦԲ̵塣ͬ㣬һָʱȫƽһŤһ塣ҵ˫ִ˫飬ָذţ̫ˣƣ̫ˣģ̫ϲˣơ
Ϣţĵϸ˵Ŷ֪ܣϲƵ鷿ŶܣЩЩҪŪʹơ


296 Ƶ壨У
Ʒ顢ԸеŤţʱȫõ˷ܺͿ֮УǲдͷеһǺͽѵȻ޴棬ȫȻҡܡһȻϵˣҵİõΪŮӦõõԵá
̫ˡҵġҵ鷿ǡ̫ˡַ
ſƷϣ˫Ʒ顢ͦԲ̡Ըе˫飬˷ܵЩ״ˡ
ܡҡҡҲܸˡġǡ
ǿҵݼ˷ܵ豧סҵԴͷǰ
ſƵļϣҰƸ֮䣬˵㣬̲סǹ󡢷ԸСΡΡ۵塣
ƽһ漴ĴϢҵ촽ͷݵ麾鷿ĸȥҵ͸Ѱ㱥ͷİϻţʱǶԱͷ
ܡ̫ˡ
ûеҵƵ鷿ҲЩУҲнʮûвԵʰɣƵ鷿ԸСС
ʱѾ޷סѹõļٵĴϢ̲ס˵С̰ſ죬Ƶ鷿Բͷš˱šš
ʱѹֽ㺹죬Ƭ̣̰ȥ촽֮޲ʹƻµĶۣСǾˮɫ˿ǿסҵǰ
µˮɫ˿ǿ̫СˣСɵڲסӳǽͺڵëƤ¶ڻߵߡҰƱխСǿŵܡ˵ڣű˿Ҹе¶ȣܵڲ
ǿĵײʪ͸ˣ֪ǺʪǱƴҺʪġұȻ⾫ˣĴȺͻԲķΡ
ƣ
̧ͷ糺졢ֵ˵ƣҿ԰𣿡
潿ߵصͷ漴ͱ˫Ŀҵ΢΢šذǿƿ£˫ϥƵȼ¡ƷԲķҰһ֮ȥʱһޡ졢顢Ըеȫҵǰ
˯εƵĳ塣ס˫ɼ䣬ŨܡںڵëʵڻܵɽĹȣġɫȻڻŻİڡҾǴｵġڵϷ΢΢ͻǶޢ١
ţ̾ţ·ʵΣ̲סƵĿ䣬ɵëôҵų졢ԸеŮеġ˵㣬ôʪŨܵë΢¡ŷʺ񡢻Ĵֿ󻬡ʪС辭ŻС綹ޢ١
Сܡôԡ⡭ԱҪ
û뵽һȥҡȴ̰һŮҲ˵ĵطŤ壬ĵף㲻ϮβͣŤͦ͡Ťţ˫ֽסҵͷϲõĽǴϢš
СɵٱüְͦƵǴڱڡʮϵͨ
ܡİıܲˡ㰡ѽ򡭡áҡҪӴҪҪ
ưۡࡢķΣͷܳ̽Ƶ˱󡢽ڱڡ
ƵڱڼȻִ塣Ҳ˵ŮģƵһɹҺϪȫͬţԲ⻬׵Ĵȣѷķ̧øߣԱҸ׵˱ںڱڡ
ҵ桭װҡﶼˮˡ
С⻹ΪΪ㡭ܡҪһһҡˡҡҡҶ⡭ˡҺӳǽͨ͵顭áСЩë


297 Ƶ壨У
ŤŽ㺹졢Լ˫ץŷͦԲ̵˫鲻ͣصؼѹţͦŷķΣԱҵͷܸ̽˱١
һĲƵʳһɹҺŪûճģŪ죬һɹҺ˳Żţѩס۵ƨӳ£Сɡɫĸ纬ŵĵɫľջ٣Ըеƨۣ
ܡԱѡŪŪ̫̫ˡˬˬӴ桭̫̫ˬˡ졭ܡ졭졭ѡ·á㡭ġ
ޡ졢顢Ըеȫǣ˵ġظеʪ󡢻ɧ£еصȴӲ𡢴ֳ۽ȥءȥ̽գҼ¾Ͱϵѹ⣬ƿȿֳִ֡׳Ӳʱɵ־ϲ
ҳſư󡢹ϣѹѹ£Ӳ̵ֱƵ˫֮ʱƵϷɹһĨߺ죬岻Ťһ£΢΢һ˫Ŀӹ⻬ԲĹͷ͸Һ壬Ƶ˫ȼŪʪճġ
Ӳù⻬ͷմŴƵĻҺĥţĥС١ƴȶ㣬ÿһ۽ͷĥɧͣԺߵ˽ţСĥˡҿ졭챻桭졭ġġ塭塭ܡˡ
ɧ͵ģ֪ʢ㣬ҪһӲ𡢴ֳ۽һٺ͵ĳ巽ƽϨ֮ܵ
˵Ľ䣬ͣһ§һ顢ࡢԲĴȣһַ˶׼ʪ͵زȥֻ̡һӲֳִִֵһƵһӰǳŵģ˶Ĺͷġůůġ޵ϡ
Ƶҵذסƾÿխֽ˰ְֵⲻ˵ܱ˵ɽһɷ֮ҡܵӲֳִִ֡
͵һ徹ʹЩԲҸ͵һ壬ƾ̲סһĽг˰ƲŽĿ飬һۣСİļôҲܲܵˣ͵һ嵽ףҡҶˡ
ƽŽҽ§סӲ𡢴ִ󳤵ز
İƣҲ֪ôôխ̫ԸˣңҵܲˣԭңƣҪҪңҺԹԵģֺǡ
ſƵϣسţ԰Ӻͺ촽˵
Ʊ˵ģнҵĵЦƲ᲻ôأ壬̫£ܲĴ󼦰ͣŶԡس壬ӦŶԱŶŶ
Ƿһ˿ЦԵøˣ
ſϣƻţҲŤԲ롢⻬סķţ﷢˵
ƣ˵ڸʲôأ
Ұѹ£խţƻԴߣӲ˶ǶԷ顢ͦԲ̵˫ҵǰҵߺģ΢΢̵ӣ٬š
ѽˣС⡭ô˵óأ
ɬ˵顢ķŤţͦţӭĳ塣
˵˵˵ơ
ҼҪƵ
ҪҪܣͻ۸ƣ
ƽذ§ϣ⡭⡭ѽǸСħͷǡǡǡǡ
ʲôİƣ˵ѽ
ҰȫƵŤƨɣͷһһĥͷġѵġůůġ޵ϡ
ܡҵСԩҡ
ƱĥýǡǡǡܵĴ󼦡͡HHƵɧɧ¡
ߵ죬˫ۣһ񶴷ҹ
ˬܡĸΡҵČ±Ĵ󼦰HH찡
ȼաƵĽס󡢷ӲĽɵŤķͦţɧĵؽš
Ұѹ£ţĥţͷͷġůůġ޵⣬ƴʱȫûŮ԰Ļ֮ˣƾʮܰѴֳġӲţŽԽĿУȫ
ܡĴ󼦰͡Ƶġ࡭һԡҵČ¡ǡǸġ󼦰HġʹHСϹС硭ܡHҡƱҳ˫糺죬㺹죬ҺҽƵĽѹ£Ƶš
ƽ˵̬Ĺ˻ǵֵۣ˽Һ̡̡֯һ𣬻һԵʹ˳ԣ˳
ƵСڲƬۺҵĳͬķۺɫĻꡣƵڱڴߣҵͷġůůġ޵ͬСĹͷ
ֻͷƵסߣûšҰƵȥʱҲͦƨӭҵĳ壬ƵƨͦʱƵȥ룬ͷֱġůůġ޵⡣
ڽ֮еҺϵ޷죬Ҵ֡ӲƵģôܲˬޱȡȥأ
ࡡࡡܡܡСࡡСɷ򡭡СϹҡҡˡӴұġ󡭡󼦰HòˡӴԱҪHˡҡҡҡHƵɧݼѽҪHҰHHƵɧ¡ҡҡҡҪ侫ˡˬѽưڶŽҡŷΣţߣҵһɹҺϵشƵˮк弤Ĺͷһ󴥵ӹͷѸٴȫ̼Ҳϧ񣬶ʹĥġǳһҲ廨ȵʽŪ
ƵĽ§ңֻʱҺ֮ڶƾҵһҳ壬ȫһڱڵ⾷׹Ӳ˶ҽ§ڻУʰ׵ķŤҡʱĽдġܡˡܣƶ챻㡭㡭HˡҲˡġ
ˣûܹӲֳ׳˶ļɣһҵزˬ糺졢㷢ҡĽд֮ڶ
ɧӴʹҸӲ۽ƺҪ崩Ʊҳ㷢׷ɡ㺹졢˿ȫ泩ޱȣ㺹ҺŪʪ˴֡
ҡɧ°ҵĴ󼦰ͼеˬҡҡҪ侫ˡˡ
ġܡܡܲˡɣ䡭䵽ƵČŮˡҡҿ桭ùˡġ
֪Ҫﵽ߳ˣѷķͦŤӭĳ̡
Ҽ١ضƨɣƵͦȥͦŷķΣ˽УҺ弤ͷһͷȫҺҵǿעƾûܾܸ¶弤ͷġѵġůůġ޵⡣
ġ̫ˡH̫ˡġ
ҵƽһһأţƽ§ңڱڳ鴤šţľҺϴ
ҵƵһһľﶯţƵڱںҲнšҺͬʱԽĸ߳һأһעҵľҺ
ҵ侫˴ԼһֶӣһξҺƵſϣƽذ§ϣȻƲʱﲻʱﶯһ¡


298 òŮƷƣϣ
Ʒƣ1981221ճйڵŮԱҵڱ赸ѧԺ
ƷƳ븸ĸɵӵƷСʱͷر󣬻˸ͷš19931998赸ѧԺѧϰרҵ19982002ڱ赸ѧԺŵϵѧϰݽרҵ
ŮھȥǩԼȻǱ
ʱڣھɬѵƷƣ˴ߣͬʱʩԷ˽磬ĻǰﾯҲܴܽŵԼ͹Ĵ¶ˡ
ھѻƷƷŵϣѹԼ·ϵĵҲȻѹĽϡ
ܡ˧𡭡
Ʒƻһ˿ɬҪܾһ£ǻû˵꣬ͱھҧסԼĶŮĶеĲλƷδµŮӡǲ񾭣ھһҧȫͷϢѣԽ֮ﻹܽ˵ꡣ
ھִӴƷƵĶͷ¾ʺˮһ촽쾱һ޳߹Ĳ
˿̣Ʒŵϼʵ̧ۣˮĹǵĹС£΢΢⶯ţƬ촽͸֦ʹȥҧһڣС΢ţŽ׵Сƺߵ񱴣öԲľССˮ̶˵ﲨ֬۷˿˿ɢ޾ഺ󡢵ʮ㡣
ھٴһںסƷ׹ĶһҧȻͷ쵽Ķ£ӤһḧƷƵĺ󱳣ھ˿ƷƵı飬΢΢üͷͷ¶׵ĺھͷӶȻȥͬʱСĵĽ쵽˵¡ϣƷƵ鴤һ£ûжԲԲķ˶Ѿھ
ھǲŪšɾھֵǹɦȻƷͷֻƷƷٶȸһƣϢҲŨǣɦһ߽еӿͷʵ̫߳ܣǿ
ھƷƵֻƷѩϸ¶ţ޳Ĵ˿һ⻬쵽һ˿ţ׵ĸƽ̹ûһ覰ߵƤ׵Ϣ
ھ⣬˿յأĿǻǴĸоôֻܰ建Ҳõλ֮Сھʪ֮£СŮƷƽ
ҪϢƷƲòƿڴڵĴҽ۶ԷزͦǰǷۺĲݮھǰʱһžͺסһֻ鷿˱ֻҲûţһָֻסƷһֻȱչ˵鷿ŪѣһֻסСƨɣͦΰϸš
ܵйƷ˫ֽıͷͨšܡоְҧšߡܡš
ŮߴӵĽѪšƣٸѪҺڡǿظ⻬˿е֫ش·鷿סĻ顣ھֲ壬ָò۵⡣ƷƴϢţɢҶɣֱĴϣӯ޹ǣ鷿ָмѵĵڰĸ£Ҳס͵͵ķ
ھԲ̵ΣλԲûһ˿׸⣬ȥָмѡιƷưһŤӽֹҪˡ
ھһԵǣסС졣ָĴγ룬һȦûëָ̽һƬճƷòѾʪˡ
ھ§Ĺ캬ĶŪͷĶָĻ꣬ĻﹴĨƷƽĵ𽥸߿ճİҺ§ھгŨŨİ⡣ھץС֣ŵԼķϣҵı
Ʒѩ׵糺죬۽ĵһھָͷȴֺߵĲҶǲôѽ
ھץСסִķϴźЦСָķ


299 òŮƷƣУ
ȡӲó
Ʒţھ̾ĺã˵ıκεˣĸҲһˬ⣬ھʾſֿѩ׵ȣϸĻ꣬ںɭֵĳ£Ļ۽ޣ˿˿ھ޳ϣͷĻ꣬΢΢պϵĻꡣĸоȵȻֱӵĽӴİһͨ죬ҧ´۾٣΢΢Ӳ

ƷһüëšţĽëڳӨΡ
ھȥˮ÷ͣʹװĹ
šտʼеʹںһˡоð
ǻиˬģ
ھ˵ţ˱Ư⣬⻬Ĵȣ΢ЦǰԼﲻķ£ƷƱʹԷɢ¾ۼţӿ׵ȸ
ڣھʼĳ͡
ʹ𣿡
ھػ§סĴ͵
ܣˣѾöˡ
ƷĵĻھ˵š
ھţڵȼյظʢĶţƷиȫļ⣬ζԲӭھ˵ʱػ䷿ڡ
ھݺݵҽ߲ѨҺٴβŴŮѪ˿ſ񻶵ĳͶմѩɫĴֻϺ㣬оЩˣھĶû˻ϱļҳƷҲԸܵĿ⣺ŰŰƺԵһֱܡ
ܡššˬˬˣܣûᡭû⡭มҵСѨˡð̫ҵġǡܵĺӣСѨáʵมСѨɵֺˬҿˡͣͣһ¡йˡй˰Ҫˡйˡšˡˡมม
Ʒƴ˿Ѿʧȥңڽ״ֻ̬вͣૺ˵ţ㷢ͷĿζƮ񱻹긽أھûʹĳ͡
ھһ֮ƷйΡѾ۵ýвˣƺʹȥӡʱھཫѸٳƷ޵棬ֽտҡΣԵŨ׾Һһйۻϡ
Ȼھǲʹ˷ŹСƷƵģھǼسСõһοζ
ھƷƵƨɸ߸ֽ̧뻹Һ۶ϣĸš
ƷСˡ
ھһǳۻ
ƷƸվһ߳ȻЩ˼ɣԵúܲȻȻھŪһ֮ҲסĪ˷ھ϶Ūͬʱڲһ𣬿д߳˼
ܣ㡭áðššĳ඼춥볼檵ȥˡһ㡭ҿܲˡ ҡ졭ҡҰมม
ƷƵԽԽƺѾװˡ
ھҲͼϷھ𽥲ǵıڷ΢ѨУ¡ҵĦšƷˮʼкھ϶ͦӲģھ㽫ͷ̽ƷƵѨڣǳһĽ࣬ʼ
ƷҲҰԣʲôˣֻ˽ӵھھ壬ԲƨɺˮֹͣŤҡţաƺ´˿̵ļֿУӵиԼȥ
ھıƷƵĻľͷ֮ʣСƷڸоһ󱻳һʹũsʹ粻Ҫ塭
ðҾͲˣҲ塣
ھ˵ţסŭһӲ˳
ƷδлعֻĿһգæȥѰھŭ԰Լʪⶴȥ
ھȻذƷƸڷڴϣİ󣬾Сھھ۲ͣƷƵϴţֻѾԣһֻС־Ȼǵͷأ
ھƷƸղһǹ˷ܣԾذСַԼеĵطڲͣĴСѨ
ھߵĴ΢΢бϣЦţǸ۶ǰȥھ˿ףк£ֻȻǶƺǰͻһ޷ͻ־š
ھһŸѾ\Ʒơһ߻ظ֮󣬶ȥʼƷƵ۴СûκεĿܣֻɵؼٱ˫ۡ
Ըе촽ۡ󻬰


300 òŮƷƣ£
˵˳ھʹشزѰСͷ
ھʼĴ鷿С檴ʱҲʼߺˡھ˳ƽ»۶ȥСůůģоëδСѨʪܵˡھ΢СѨ֮ʣƷƱ㡰һߣţ벻Ѿ߳ˣɱδСѨ˵У
ھ΢ĽָƷƵѨŪšС޵ѩﾹȻҺģھʳָͬʱˡ̡̡
죺⡰԰xǶ
ƷҲʱ󴽵ݹסھ죬ʪͷ߽衣ģھҲȻӷ˳ڴϣԼҲ׼ơ
ھ˫ֲãֲƷƵƬСꡢŲǵŭСĻȥĦŮ޵ҴôͷմŪΧĵ֭Һţ׼ŷ϶Ŀϴһŭǰ˱㻬룬ȻȲʹͣҴλɰСõķۺѩ
ҪܡҪҡҺʹŶҪ
Ʒ۵÷ĵ
ھճһ͹ֻоɰСŮǲ˼ȡʪ󡢺ͽȻ鴤ӡʹŤһŷҳ͵ĳ徢۾ĵƷƵɫ°ιȥ
ֻƱյСھءأŭƽÿһӢǰٶȣٴδ˶֮һ
⼸ǳǳĳԺھ룬ھоŭƷƽյ谭ǸղŴŮĤδɾȻԽԽ۾ʱע͸ܡ
ھº͵סּ˶˼εĻͲ룬ͻȻһȫӹĥŮ¶ϡëС𣬸оˬˬƷھķ֮£ܵеĵ߳һİҺ鳱й
ֻ۽ǻ£ǲΪʹھūģĵ׵ĸмƷƴ˿ѾѪ˿ģҲҺմȾЩھŨëϡ
ŷ޻֮еļƷ۶ۺխСǼůֽȣѹھĦ⣬ھˬ죬ֱ
Ҫɣԣһ̡ԡԡͲʹˣᡭ
ھذοţδ˵𽥼ӿִĳ徢
ƷƵѨԽԽˬ죬ʱƷҲ̲סﵽھ󣬽˵óѪѨھı͵ԷʢĴĦھļ׵ݣʱʱָھƨ۶ھһθоǰݵζȫĺѾĴ壬˿ּӿ˳鶯ٶȡ
ܡҺˬŶมมʹʹͣŶ̡ҰɡššСѨҪըˣˡš١١
ƷѴﵽҵľˣ˵ĻҲì
СӵѨȻѾʪúܣȻھľް֮ĸоȴԽԽȣھĿھӦӿھ͵ٶȣͬʱһֻȥƷǶĦھľ޴鷿
ھҪƷƽչھھ˫ƵĽţ˫ͷͷ衢սţͬʱھĻζͣƷСѨײš
รܡðมมҺϲŶŶŶ
ƷƵ飬˳£΢˵Ӧھ顣
ھĳԽԽΪ侫ԽԽˡƷȻԴû飬֪ȴҲŸࡣƺ֪ôھ֣Ҳܺھ߳ȻʧȥŮĤʹͲŸոйھһ
ھľʹʱ䶯HȫĩƷѨŶͣһxȻ˷ܵĽһȹİɫӣСŮڡƷھ˶֮ҲھӵҴܣȻܣ˶ĸ߳Уйء
˿ֻƷ壬ţ֮ˮؿʼ
ھ̹϶ҲƷƵ۴г˳ֻ͹ͷϣҺмдѪ˿
ܣлл㡣ոҺŶʼʱǺʹľͲˡҡҺø˰
ƷƺھͻȻˮ
ƷشӸ߳л˻ſſƽڴϣ
ھ״㿿˹ȥɰСáŴڡڵ˱ƷʪѨȻѺڵĻҺƷƿУֻ˵Ĵ䴫ִȥմľţھĪͻȻһֿС
ţھҲһߣ§ŹᴭϢ


301 ŵ裨ϣ
裬1976917ճھɳйڵŮԱϷѧԺϵ96Ʊҵ
Сѧҵ뱱ϷѧԺ¡1995걻ֵʡŹݳ٣1996רҵε3ĳɼϷѧԺ¼ȡ
ھȦŮȻŹ
ھѸٵĿͷʱھŸӴһȵĽ̸ţŶŮһ˵ĲͣھʶȤûйȥǣûȥμǵ̸Ůһ𣬻ԶǼ֪˵Щʲôͨ㣬ھҲͲżֻ΢Цſ˵
濴貨ںڵĳ̧˰͸źڰʵĹԵޱۣVǶԷ۵֣鹵ݡ
һ˿ŵĽøɾͦΣһзĵĸоǿǲһġ̷ӳµԲԲķǳɰС죬˵ʽʽŮˣƤۡ޳УƺɫĳֻҶһƷ˿һ˫ͿŵӰĵڽ˿ƽ۾ĺ棬һģһ˿ׯͦõɫᴽ˿ӵԸˣ޳ָϲ͸ָͣϹһ׽
ΪǸӵĽǶȣ˳׹ȥһ鹵ǰɫĳ±޴鷿ĺӶҪŷϼϥĺɫһȹǷʴβϣԵ֫ϸеСںɫһȹĳ¸Եý׽ۣڽɫ߸ľӨֺͷʮϱһô˱ֺͿʺָͣ˿ȤȻŵӣھҲǶô͸ˣȴ˵Ĳժ
ھڣŮҲˣǼŮԼģȴǺ˲ͬζһַ顣
֮£ھɵĸоΪ֮һһµĸоɵӿͷҲʹھĳ嶯һ̣ھɵ֮ǰϵ龰뵽Щھɵ΢΢һ֣ŵСӦû֣иˣ
뵽ھһԼߵˣվߣ轲ʲôɵĽƣ󣬴Ӻ۲
ھоɢһĳ뵽ԼıԼɵ΢΢ЩĶ֮£ھɵĳԼվ迴Լʱ̰Ĵıһ߸·֮µĶӡ
迴һھһۺ󣬵ҲǵģҲҶҪˡ
ھ˼ĵ˵ͷһƣ΢΢һЦɳ˹ȥھƨɺ棬˿
ھΪվԵʣȻǵһһתͽԼһǰɫȹ֮µķԲ̵ͦƨɣ¶ھǰֻᣬھȻǲģ֮£ھɵһţһ߹Ƿεˡ
ھķǰɫȹİţ˿ʵ·ͬĵڶһģķ֮ϣʹǸԲ̵ͦķεչھǰķ·һһҵҡôջھɵһڿˮ
޵һĻֻԼĴķϸʱ龰ھвɵ΢΢ĳ嶯Ͻ߽˼ĸ󣬴ӺĹˣһս۲죬ھоǽİɫȹİ֮£ķϵļ߶ƶнɵĶ
޵ĳھĲɵ΢΢һһֻҲ˳·ʱڶ˫֣ķ̽˹ȥھԽԽߣʹھ־ķҲԽԽھܸоķɢȵϢ
֮£ھĺ޲ܽķϺݺݵôһ£һεĵԺͼͦڱϾǰ죬ңھ󻹸ԣھԼ־Ҫķεһ˲䣬˻
ھ˻ȵϢҲ֮ʧòˣһʧĸоӿͷʹھвɵЦһĸоһʱѾߵ˿棬֮£ھֻĴջĿһƨɵɳ֮ϡ
ھ߽ɳ֮ϣ迴ھ˶ԺԺϲɵ¶һ˿Ц⣬ߵھɳ֮ϣȻ˵Цĺ̸ھŮ˵ģһЩװݴ֮ĻЩͷһͷɵĵһ˫۾⣬ȴ
һ֮£ھʱµķ֣ԭھλϿȥȴÿԿС¶֮⣬ھĲɵ΢΢һɵ̧ͷߵŮһ̸ۣø˶ûһԼľٶھɵİһڿˮ󣬲ֵͷСȿ˹ȥ
ھСɢŽйâջԼ۾СôĻԲԲԲСȣһ̣Եôĳջζھ۾䲻ˣһҲɵֱ
ʱھоСƺһ£ɵ΢΢һæĴСջԼɫԵ۹⣬װרĵ˵̸ˣһ˵̸ھһ۾⿴裬ڷƶһ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصĵط壬ʹһԺ󣬱ûжԺھʶӵ˶˸ƣɵ۽ǵ͵͵濴˹ȥ
³һЩһΣھѩ׶ԲСȣĴҲԿˣھŵλãÿԺƽţʹھľ͸ĸ֮˿ʵȹڲķ羰
ھڲƤôĽף׵ھɵеۻ֮£ھвɵһĸоɵһ߿ڲѩļһ֮ķ羰ˡ
ʱھֿĴȶһһھвɵԭһʹԼǱ΢΢ıŵ˫ȣ΢΢ſһ㣬ʹԼڲļ󲿷ֵı¶ھǰǰ ˵һĻھɵĶֱһ˫۾ѩ׵Ĵڲļ֮ϣҲ᲻ƶ֡
һ֮ڲļԼ־޵ĸоھһп裬ҵĻٽſһ㣬ٽſһ㣬ҸĿһ㡣
˵Ҳĺ֣ھеĿ񺰣ֽ˿γһ֡
һ֮飬ͱھһףҲûʲôؿˣ֮ķ飬ھӶҪˣҲɵ΢΢ļھĿĿ֮£ȶŮûзھֹ죬˻ӵĽ̸š
ΪصĵطԼˣȻǺڰӰھ֮ʵķ羰ȴӰھпʼ֮ķ羰һĸоӿͷʹھɵеԳ
֮£ھȻ˽һҲûȥġھое⶯ҡеѳֲסʱ򣬶ȴĻܣʲôأô˵ء
һ䣬ھɵ΢΢һѣĴ֮ջĿ⡣
ķڷԵģֻ֮ھԼڳԷھ֮£˿һƿƣ
ŵĺһڴҺȵǺƣҲͷſ
ʱ佥ĹȥˣҲȵĲˡѾȵĲˣڼ򵥵ʰһ֮ھһ§һǷҡ
ŶŮĺ̬ɾеģھеãˣҡҡͷѶŮŷ˴ϡҲǺֻܴܰڿһŴҲʹպźסһڶŮˣչǵȻھļϡ
һҪȣҡû
˼ȴ۶ûھ˵ЬȻӣΪŮϡȻ컹ȣǵ¶ȻǺܵ͵ģԽԽ׸ðŲŵŮھɵڰһڿˮ󣬺ڴʹģھȻߡ
һ轫ԼĽھķ˼һĽھĻҪھ϶§ס裬ǽ죬ھȴֻǾΪߣھԼ֮ܵ󣬸ˣǿɾͲˡ
ǸΪҪǣҲ֪ʲôԭ˯е費ɵĻζ壬ʼԼһʴβʼھĴȵĦ
һϢھĲϣھȻǿԼĵĳ嶯ԼϣβķԵĸо䴫ļͦȵĸоȴھһķӦȻھǾǣµȴ΢΢̧ھ֮һһģңھܵջ󣬱ϢҲĴ
·оھϵı仯һģ壬ʼþھ強ѹ˹ȥӣԼʵİοھѾػʱѾܳʱˣҲȴǰΪ˯УǷɵģڱʹΪ˾ƵԵʣû˿ƣʹû˯ееĿǿ
ھĴϴһȵĸоĺҲɵļ˯еԼھֻһԼȫɵ֮£費ɵʶĶһ̣·εǰΪھԼʱԼھһʱ龰ʹ˯еӵĳ嶯һʶĶ
ھоϵĵԺ󣬸оϴȶͦھҲɵĽԳǣھûֻǣһ첲΢΢ţʹԼĸ첲ӵ壬·ԼֵĻĸоͬʱھĴҲɵεķ˶ʹԼĴȺνϵøӵĽʼĵķθԼϸĸоˡ
㱼䣬оھϵϸ΢ı仯ʼĿʼԼ尲οھˣһ߼÷ھĴ΢΢Ħţһ߿ʼԼıھһ࣬ʹԼÿھϡ
ıһȶϸĸоھɵĽϣʼ·о·֮µ⻬Ƥˣھһֻ֣Ҳɵ΢΢һ죬΢΢ıŵ֮䣬ķ
Ȼûнӵ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹϵļǴ֮ɢȴ絽ھϣִھдھڣھоԼȤһԼ֮䲻ͣҡͷԵԵҲļͦԼĿ³һ
˯еɲ֪ھʲôȴܸоھԼ֮£ұϢҲĴھǴصĺ֮Ĳɵ΢΢һһ岻ɵת˹ھһֻ첲§˻ҲɵĻζԼǰһ˶壬ʼھĸ첲Ħ
һҲɵĴյھԣĽͷھļ֮ϣ˯е費ɵͷھĶ
һֱֻھߵĹŵ˵Ķʱȴû뵽ϣˣ迪ʼھĶھһĸоھɵʹھ˻˯ţʼĻζͷӭˡ
ھоһͷԼĶ߲ͣţһ˳òԼʹھһֻı§˻ֲɵĶھ죬֮䣬֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹ֮ϡ
ʱһɵ֮ɢھϣھвɵ΢΢һɵתͷӭԸеͣоھľٶ˯еɵһĿ֣ʶſ죬ӡھ촽
оʶӭϣھҲһļɵ֮ݺݵһ£ǵʶȫһ󣬴Ϣ૵ĵ裬̫ˣԺҾ;ԼĻһһҲʱ޿̵Ĳ㣬壬С֮ĵطǷԲβѩڴȣڴϷ˵ӣͷ˵ޱȵĿ֣ȫÿһطÿһļţһлĻҶὫǹˣȫÿһм֮ǴΪ֮Ůصĵطҵ壬ݺݵĳ㣬ϸ߳Ҳ᲻뿪ҡ
迪ʼ˴Σ˯УھĻɵҲһĸжɵͷھʾԼеĸжԽھ˵ԽԽӣɵĿʼ
ң軹оھÿ˵ԼһеĲλҪԼһ£һ£֮£費ɵȫϢҲֻãھ¶Ƕȵ黰òԼʹԼĲɵĽĳ嶯
һʱ䣬ڵ΢ĴϢھŵ̵ڿγһ£ھжһּ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹĸţһҲڲ壬֮һֻҲ˳Ϊ§סͷʼ
ھ촽һĿϣͷϣԸе촽ϣСɵ°ϣѸŪһĻңǴΪ֮ŮصĵطУҲʼ΢΢Һھһ߿裬һߴϢ૵ĵ裬ھҪ㣬Ҫ촽°ͣӣǱȫҪҪҵ֮Ҫҵ֮˽УҪоҶİоҵĶĿоҶҪǧ飬ҵ֮£ķ飬ҵŤ壬ҪԶļסңԶļסϵҡ
һ˵ţھһߵĽ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹϲͣİŵ˳§˻һֻֽ§ס˫磬һֻ֣ϣʼݺݵĶһ˶˿´費ɵ﷢һ˫ԮҲ§סھĲӣ֧Լھ֮½ķ壬һŤ壬ӭھ
ھһֻ֣ʹţʹҲɵķλðھĿ˶ѾĿ΢գëᶶɫ糺죬һԸе촽΢΢һһϵģҲ֪˵ʲô


302 ŵ裨У
ھ֮£һʵ壬ھֵķͦӭھĴֶԼһ˫ֱĴȣҲɵĽĽھһȼм䣬ʼԼ֮ǴŮԵص΢΢¡ǵشھĴĦ
ھһһϵģɵİɶϣ˵ЩʲôھĶһĶ䣬ĵ˹ͷֵĻھĶ䣺ܡ˶ˡҵ԰ɣԸĶԴңֻ֣ҲŻŻо˵Ĵ׳Żֵõúõĸңҵкüįѽھ֪ÿһΣ㶼ҴޱʱʵĸоԸ⣬ԶһԶĽİ
ĵ˷˵ھԺ󣬱㷽ģ֪˯е轫Լˣһھɵĸӵ˷Ҳ˶ռеʹ֮£ھɵĸþ
ͬʱھһҲӡ촽֮ϣԼͷҪҪ˿΢΢ıŵԸе촽ͷ˱ᵽھĶоھķſԼɵĻһһСҲ΢΢˿һͷҲ˳ھͷһ
ھ˲̬оеĿͳ嶯ڵĳ嶯飬һģɵֳĸ˵֮£ĻھֻãԼĻԼоһŻȼһݺݵϷйԼƬ
ָоʹ֮£ھɵһһ߼ĺͷһһֻϺݺݵ֣ʼòŵ֣ʼ´оھĶɵſ壬ʶھж
ϣھвɵһȣһֻڽ¿۵֣ȴ֪ôĶʹھôҲⲻ¿ۣһ£ھҲˣ迴ھӣɵھĻ˸ĵܣҪ𡭡ӣɱҵ·Ūˡ
ھΪⲻ·żϻģĵȻ֪ǻ˵ԼģĻڻϽһھɵһаһֻڽ⿪¿۵˾ֻһ΢˺һάϵ·¿ۣĶˡ
·һûɵĻƮ࣬¶ǰظԼİŵ壬ھİŵ壬ľҵĺͣĻζţԼǰһˣɢһζ·𻹴һ˿˿ھɵУһж˫ۣ˵塣
ͻȻоھˣһҲɵھǰŤŤһ˫§סھĲӵ֣ҲھͷԼķѹţҲϵĽŵܡɣϲĻɣ׼˵ġ
ĻھҲ̲ס˳ֵķͷԼͷ֮䣬費ɵĻһɵͦţԼһ㱡ھϡ
ھоϴһȵĸоԼɵĸӵ˷һм沿ɵĿʼмĦھоһҲ֪ʲôɵģȻԼм䣬Ǿǲһʹȶϸĸоôʵ
оھһԼǽ۵ļϣʹԼãԼϵĸоΪʵ⣬ĵطѾǼįˣָоʹ֮£費ɵץھһֻ֣ھԼ֮˳ȥҲɵ૵ĵϹҵúܣ
һ˵ţһ˫ļھĴȣԼ֮΢΢¡ĳܹھĴĦĴȲɵ˿ſھĴȣŵÿģھŴԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصΪ֮΢΢¡Ĳλ֮ϣȻ賤һʼǾΥ˵ԵϢ˯еֻԼһƬĳʵ֮£費ɵС
ھоԼһů紺ĵطɢھϲѣھôܵסھɵſƣƶ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĵطֵ渧
ھо֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹļôͣԼưȥԺһ˵ĸоָоʹ֮£ھɵһԼƽİ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹ֮ϣһĸůˡ
ھɢһһ˵֮䣬͸֮Լ΢΢¡·ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطǴΪ֮Ůصĵطɢǵ費ɵȫ
費ɵ﷢˵һ˫§סھĲӵ֣ҲɵĽļӴȣʹĽھͷԼķѹţھͷԶһĶʾţѾǴȶˡ
ĽھоԼϽ۵ļȫԽԽھɵͷһȣһֻ֣ҲɵĴһ֮ϣʼϸһ㱡ھȻܸоôıôļͦô˰֡


303 ŵ裨£
ָоʹ֮£ھһһĦţһһֻһţͬʱھһֻ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹϵ֣ҲɵתԼƼʣʼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹĦ
оھ֣ԼϵĸеĲλͣĸĦţ費ɵĸоһĿд費ɵĸӵ˷һҲһھĸŪ֮ŤҲĴ
ھǸƣŪ˺þԺָоĩ֮£ھɵֹͣ˶ĸŪʼŵ½ܿģھ˫ֵĻ֮£һ˿
һѩ׵ķģ˳ŮԵ;չھǰоһ⣬̾Ϣһ󣬲ɵԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹϣס֮䲿λܵĲݴԡ
ʶֳֽߵӣھɵĸӵ˷չԼǰǾ壬ھɵһʼķʿʼھǵͷͷ
ͷɢһĵķζھɵеɵŴ죬һ㷢ͷоھԼͷҲôİ֣ɵһȣҲɵķ˵
оھıһ˴ԼϣԼһ˵ڣھһȴԼ㷢ãʹԼ嶼ɵľÿֻãԼڵĿͳ嶯ԽԽǿңɵĿʼڴˮһŤ壬ԼĦйԼĵĳ嶯ͿУھ˵ԼĵĿ
ھȻ֪ʲôҪʲôǣھȴȻĻͷ촽ӡĶͷھǣҪ踧Ū֮ʣŻݺݵĽ뵽壬ԶҲԼԣھǿҪ͵ͷĶͷһƬȵӡֽ촽ƶţʼǵָƵ
ֻھĻȵ촽ԼĶͷԼ֮ϣ֮һƬƬĻȣʱֻԼڵĳ嶯ͿԽԽǿңе㲻Լһ˫֣ҲɵĽ§סھֱۣ·ֻеŻŻȥһ㣬ԼвŻһ㡣
ھɢһĳ츾˵㣬һҲɵһ촽һƬȵӡ󣬲Ž»ţϣ費ɵĻһһ˫ҲɵɿھֱۣΪץסھͷþĽھͷԼķѹȥھԼϵĻӵľһЩԼΪǿҵĿС
ھᵽԸԼİʾɵĽԼͷ֮䣬ɢһζôôھɵſ˱ӣʼ̰ĺɢǹɺŵζˡ
ھһĴǰһƬĽ۵ļ֮ϣͣڣòǱѾǴӿ飬һ˸߹һ˵ĿеĴ̼֮£ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطеҺԴԴϵ˳ܿĴʪǴΪ֮ŮصĵطıԵʹ֮䣬ôջھһ̰ĺ֮ɢζһ߿ʼԼ°ϵӲӲĺӣʼĽ۵ļһĸо˫ϴУɵĽĴĵ˹ӵĴ̼ھ
ھ˴˿̣ҲɵľԼкһŻȼһɵһ죬ҧסһϵĽ۵ļʼɦֻһԴһʹ۵Ŀоɵ˽ܡŪҺѽˣĻŪҡҪˣѽ
跢˽УҲĳԵɫһ˫ָƴĽھͷԼķѹţھΪֵ̫ԵʣȫƤĳ˳죬ӣھɵһֻʼץסһ壬ݺݵھĦŵҲɵ΢΢һƫһͽһ庬ʼ̰˱
ھ˫£費ɵȫһĲһ˫ѩ׵ĴҲɵ̧ڿһţйĵĳ嶯Ϳֻ֣ھԼĿôʵôǿҶִ̼֮£費ɵ񶼿ʼһ˫۾ҲɵĿʼ˰ɫԸоƺѾﵽ˿ֵĵ߷塣
ھоϵı仯ɵĸӵ˷һֻϲͣŵ֣ɵĽļӴȣ˺ھʹȫһͬʱھɵŴͣʼ˱һĴض뵽ֱԼװˣֹͣ˶˱
Ȼھֽ³˵ķھþȫ֮£費ɵĴһһ岻ɵĹһ˫֣ҲץסھͷȫҲɵķ˰﷢İһɵҺҺ֮˳ɽ˴ϣ糱ֹ˺þãֹͣĲʼڴϣڴڵĴŴҲȫǿֺɫ
ھӣɵһû뵽边Ȼ˵뵽Ǵﵽ߳ӣھɵֿʼϸھֺͷĻ壬»š
˿ֻ̣Լȫ񶼱ھͿһֻ˴ϣھͷԼţòԼھ֪ոչ˸߳Ҳɵķ˽أʼǸ̹⻬Сһţھһֻ֣Ǹո糱ĵطһ£Լմ֮ҺҺҺ󣬲̧壬մҺַŵԼıǰʱһŮԵ֮еȫҺζھıǻ̼ھɵĴ
·𿴵ھĶһϲɵķһ˿ߵɫھǽߵӣɵ΢΢һ֣Ľףˣھɵֻֽմ֮ҺҺԼߴ˴գ૵ĵ㣬ζõúġ
˯е·ھĻһģɵһĻңʱھֽ쵽ǶԵߣ૵ĵ裬ĺġŵĻ㳢һ
ʶе·ھĻһģɵͷھֻմԼҺҺĻھϵɧζ֮еһζͷ뵽ʹ費ɵǺһͬʱ뵽ԼԼ֮˵ĶɵһĸоĵʹıϢɵĴԭΪ߳ɢȥ˵ֽУɵֿʼĹâһѩ׶岻ɵŤʱǶԵߵȴ΢ӣȻ˯ȥ˵ġ
ھôľҪľֱ飬Ȼ֪軹˯УĵӺͽߵıھ֪ԼĿѾﵽˣˣھɵջŵƣһתС֮ϣһΣھȴûȥСǽͷյСĶˣʼ۲֮Ǵ΢΢¡ĳܹķ羰ˡ
㱼䣬оھһһԼ֮΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλ֮ϣһĸо֮䴫УʹвɵһĽߣһ˫Ҳɵ΢΢ı
ǣһ΢΢˫ȣʹ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλܵѹʹ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλϵļԵøӵͻˣھ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλôԼǰͻ˳ңǴŮصĲλİŵëҲԼĺһһڵģʹ֮ջ
ھ֮ͻǴŮصĲλ·ŵɢһһŮ֮еζھͬһ˺üˣÿһͷǸͷϻɢھɵһͽ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλϣʼĸо
֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλϵëҲʼھĦֵĸоھɵھɵĿʼĻζԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλĦ
ͬʱھɵ΢΢ı˫ۣʼĵ֮ԼĦʱԼĸоˣҲ֪ô£ǴŮصĲλϵëھĺİڶţһëھ촽ϣĦھ촽
ھֻԼ촽ģɵԳһ죬ͽǸëݽҧס˺󣬿ʼĳǸëֻ֮е΢΢ĳʹɵ΢΢üͷһҲɵĻζ뻺һ֮䴫һʹ۵ĸоһԼжӭھԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ǴŮصĲλϵĦھоϵжɵаϲɵ΢΢һþͽǸë
費ɵİĽһһҲŤ£ھɵĴ̧֮ͷ˿裬Ȼ¶ʹı飬Ǹȴǿֺ㣬ھɵĽ˳ĴϣھǶȿȥĴôķֱھɵһڿˮһ˫֣Ҳɵǹ⻬Ĵϸ
ھһ߸ǹ⻬ĴȣһҲɵ΢΢˾ҪֿĴȣԼϸһ֮ǵ˵ķ羰ҲᵽھͼһĽСߴ費ɵҪ˫ȣھóѡ
ڽȴ屳ĵ뷨費ɵ΢΢ſ˴ȣԼ֮޵ķ⾡չھǰͬʱ軹ɵͦΣԼ֮ķ羰ӵı¶˳ھõԼ֮羰
ھ֮һƬĺˮģƬİǴΪ֮Ůصĵط⣬ҲΪոմﵽһμ磬ӶʹǻⷭţһǴΪ֮Ůصĵط˿ûбչھǰ
ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطĶڣڻҺҺںڰУ˵Ĺâʹ֮俴ô֮ӣھɵһǿѹסԼǿ뽫ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطǴΪ֮ŮصĵطԼиоĳ嶯ǣ̰ĺ˼֮ɢ󣬲Žһͷ쵽֮䣬
һŮԵζ΢΢ıŵ֮Ǵ΢΢¡Ĳλɢջھ񾭣ʹھڵĳ嶯ѾҪﵽˡ
ھѾյľϣˣھͷ֮󣬲ûмͷȥ˲ǴΪ֮Ůصĵطǲ֮ͣĴȸתͷԼ֮ĴȸĽ۵ļĦھһٶʹԼ°ӲӲĺӣҲȸĽ۵ļĦ
ֻãԼĴȸھŪһɵȫ·ҲȾţ費ɵ΢΢ļ˫ȣҪһԼ͡
һȴھͷ΢΢ļԼ֮䣬ԼĴȸھĦȣʹĸоӵʵ
ھɲ֪Ϊʲôľٶľٶȴھϲѣ֮ɢŮеӵŨˣ̼ھ񾭣ʹھɵҲʼϢһ뵽費ɵȫʼ΢
ִ̼ĸо֮£ıǼϲɵϸϸĺ飬һҲɵľҵŤھ˵ԼڵĿкͳ嶯ھо֮ĴȸһȶϸĸоԼϴԼԼвɵĸӵ˷֮£ھɵͷ֮ⷭķۺɫ΢΢ͻϣһ¡
Ǵһɵȫһﲻɵֿʼ˵ھԼǴۺɫͻôУɵͷʼǸۺɫͻϲͣ
һ£ҲܲˣһĽͣĲҲĴһĸо֮Ǵۺɫͻϴ輸Լ費ɵ˲֣ץסھͷİܣҪˡˣٶһġﻹѽ
İھɵ΢΢һ֣ɵֹͣ˶֮ǴۺɫͻɦΣתͷ쵽ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطĶڣʱոոоھֹͣ˶ԼеĵطɦΣһûлָоھͷ쵽ԼǴΪ֮ŮصĵطĶڣһĸо費ɵֿʼŤ壬Ҳҧгݵܣ㣬Ūȥġ㣬ûѽ㡭㣬ȫܡҺˡ
Ȼô˵ţϵıͲϵͦӭھͷԼǴΪ֮Ůصĵطжȴ¶ʵ뷨֮£ھɵͷǴΪ֮ŮصĵطнøӵĽĻ
оھһͷԼǴΪ֮ŮصĵطнţòԼڵ٣ֻھͷôôԼָͷĩҶо˿֣費ɵĿʼҲĳɫ
ھһδﵽ˼Ҳ˲֮仹ҺҺĻҺ壬һͷһε֮䣬һͷǿʼ֮ǸΪ֮ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطıԵ
ھоǴΪ֮ŮصĵطԼͷһɦ֮£ֿʼ䶯һ˫ѩ׵ĴȲɵ΢΢ļסھͷһ˫֣Ҳھͷϣ΢΢þھͷԼ֮ķѹţһʴβҲɵ΢΢̧ʹԼ֮ǴΪ֮Ůصĵطھǰ¶øӵĳһЩھͷԼ֮ɦΣǴΪ֮Ůصĵطھͷɦ֮£ֽҺ
ھû뵽边Ȼ˵սҪǻһŮˣڵ˿ֵļȻпܻΪŮԵص㻹г嶯ǣȴ֧Ų˶ֻܽǹѹУû뵽ڴﵽ˸߳ôѸٵֽ˽ɫ֣ھϲѣھһ߼Ľͷ֮䣬ͷ֮ǴΪ֮ŮصĵطвͣĽţһ˫֣˹ȥʼץסһʴβݺݵ
ֻãھһԵԼ壬ԼţòԼĺɵֽļһֿʼھµŤоԼǹΪ߳ȵھò֮£ֽĸ
ھ֮һ󣬲ɵĽͷ֮˻оھͻȻֹͣ˶ԼǴΪ֮ŮصĵطɦΣһĸо֮䴫˹вɵ΢΢ʧҲɵķ˲һ˫֣޴йһץסԼѩ׵壬ݺݵ
ھоеʧ䣬ΪķɧŪвɵһھľͳԼԵ뵽У˲һεĴﵽ߳ǣھû壬ԣھֻǿĵĳ嶯ʼͷһ˫ȵڲ
ھоϵļôĹ⻬ϸ壬Լͷȥһ˵ĸо֮£ھɵֿʼϢоھһͷԼĴڲеļȻûԼ֮ǵǴΪ֮ŮصĵطԼʵĿУĸоȴҲϲѡ
󻵵ָоĴ̼֮£費ɵĵܣСͷѧһѽŪˡ
һ˵㣬һ߲ͣŤ壬ڰʾھԸӵĴһ㣬ֺܲھ΢΢Ŀһ
ھоĵ˹ĻջھԺ󣬹ͷҲɵĵĻӵĴ̼ھ֮£ھɵſ죬ݺݵҧĴϡ
ֻôһʹɵĴһǣͬʱһĿоҲʹĸоʹڴһ󣬲ɵֿʼһ˫Լϻŵ֣ҲɵĽļӴȡ
һѾҺǴΪ֮ŮصĵطУ˴ҺҺ˳Ĵڲ࣬˴ϣֽܿѾɵĴʪһ֮䣬ҲΪˣԵģںڰзĹâ
ھоԼ֮£Ҳһ˫ѩ׵Ĵȸ̲סԼĦھĴϵȻŪвɵ΢΢һɵĿʼҧסڲһ鼡ɦ
費ɵıϴʹֵĸоŪߵڵ裬ֻԼڵĿԽԽǿһѩ׵ƤҲΪе˷ܣ΢΢Ǻһȵ壬ǲھİ֮ŤµĴҲΪ費ͣŤһʹ֮䣬ô
ھѩ׵Ĵɦһʱ̫öŪ裬ɵɿݣΪͷĴھĴ˸󣬲ŽתƵСϣͷǹ⻬Сһ󣬲ɵֽСϣʼĦ
ھ°ϵӲӲĺӣСϵĽ۵ļϣ費ɵľЩͣ費ɵһţǣȴΪһ˫Сھѹ£ķԵЩͽ޹ˣھСϻţһ˫۾ȴӯӯһյСסˡ
ھСôСɣôĻȻɣھջھǾСţɵıסˣھɵİһڿˮҲ̲סķԼСĦжƶ壬ʼƵĽűߣץסһֻСţĽƣԼĦ
û뵽ھȻԼһֻСҲ˵İϲ֮£ɵھСŷԼϺһ󵭵ζĽɢɢھı棬ھŵŵˮζһɵĺĽɢζ֮С
ͬʱھоĽɢֵζ嵽Լںʱ޿̵ĲԼĴʹԼһ̳ռе
֮£ھɵſ죬ͷʼĽֺһĸо̼飬費ɵĴһ˫֣ҲɵĽסԼǰһ˶壬ҪԼǱϼˮһ
ھоԼڵûһĸǹҲɵǵЩʹ֮£ھһһֻץסһֻףһֻ֣⿪ԼĿԼѾǵ÷ϵ˳һͳͿʼھĿŭţʾھΪ˵״
ھͳԼץסıһֻСţʼСŵĽƣʼԼĦֻԼĽھĿµһȵӲӲĶĦƾŸо֪ǿ϶ھ費ɵϲһСҲҪھͿʼԼھĵܵĦ
ھϴֻȵĸовɵһ֣ҲɵڵھûȣüӲѽҺϲָоģھҺúõİ㰮ոտ϶ѹƻˡ
һ˵ţһھĵֻȶӲĸоɵӵھĵӣɵҲһ֣Ҳɵĵ׺һһֻץסĽŵָӵþСԼĦ֮£ھĺܿ˷˵СҲɵҺ塣
ھʱҲɵ˷ԼﲻͣŵһֻҲŵԼ֮䣬Ȼ󣬽һϣͽԼĽļм䣬ȻھʼͦʼԼģƵм
û뵽ھȻôĻϲͬʱҲɵϵĽƽһھԼĽеĦھмĦһоԼڵĳ嶯ҪԼ屬ˣŷſĽƣ΢΢Ĵ˼ƽϢһԼڵĳ嶯ھɵ跭˹˴ϡ
֪ھ϶ʲô»ˣвɵһϲ˳ӵķ˹ɱϵİ˴ϣھ˵ƽ⣬ɵĸмĶıһЦȻھ壬ԼķʴϣʼԼĦ
ͬʱھҲֻķֿΣ¶ƬмǴջСʶھҪʲôȫɵһҲɵ΢΢ĸǵĳ嶯Ϳȴûз΢΢ı˫ۣھԼϻţһĸоȴ費ɵĿʼĻζΡ
ھϣһϵȺ͵Ժ󣬲Žͷ̧ʼ۲ǸջСֻƬмŵǸջСĺһһϵģ·ھջ
֮£ھﻹ͵סɵͷһ£費ɵȫһȣҲɵĴھɣ׳ɣԸĻﵽ磬Ļѡ
һ˵ţһ߾ҵŤΣӭھͷԼľջСɦΣھǳջ˽Уﻹ͵סɵĽԼͷһȦݺݵľջСв˹ȥǣľջСʵ̫ˣʹھͷһӴĻһߣ֮£ھɵĲı˲ԣΪѵˮһģǴջСгһĸоľջСдʹһͷɵľҵҡУҲɵ¶Եɫ
ھģľջСͷʮ£ŷŹ裬˴ϣȻھŴĽ˯Ժ赹ϵúܣ۾ûһѹھϣȻ۾ʼھѰ
ǽͷھĿУͷھ֮ĴȸһǵھȫһĲ󣬾һתԼھϣͬʱ軹һֻץסھʹھԼϡ
ԼھĦھϴһȶϸĸопϲҲֳ˶ھİ˼ɫھɵĳһ΢΢ı˫ۣʼԼķ
ھоΪƵģһ˫˶壬ôԼСϣɢһ߱ߵĹ⻬ϸĸоھвɵ΢΢һǣھȴסǿҵҪץסֳ嶯һԼϵĻˡ
һĿдھС𣬴̼ھ羭ʹھУǴϲķһ㣬ɵĽ΢΢һƫͿʼ촽ھĦ΢촽ھϲͣĦţʹھܹʵᵽԸе촽ϵĵԺȡ
оھԼ촽Ħ֮£ǴĶˣҲɵ΢΢һ͸Һ壬̲סͷھĵĶһ£ǵ͸Һʱһɧζͷ뵽У費ûоζãɧζ֮£ʹԼڵĳ嶯ӵ˷
費ɵĽһҲ̲סſԸе촽ھھֻãԼľһƬůĺһģԼȫɵľģǣĵ궯ȴӵļ֮£ھҲͲסĵĳ嶯̧


304 ŵ裨꣩
ϵһͷͽھֺһΣѧ˸ԣһֻץסھģʹھ׵ҶȻھ׶ھ׶Լɵиж
ΪرھҲپˣ˫֣ץסԼСͣĦ壬ֽܿ˽ɫϢֽĴһСھĵ׶ҲɵĽļӿٶȣ̵ôô˵г롣
׶֮£һĿдھĴھУʹھҲɵĿʼϢһҲʼʶĿʼͦţӭԼĵ׶ھоôԼץסһ޻һ
ң޻ɢһң޻ӵõԣھɵ˷ոյһĻԺҲûʲô˼ɵĸָһһҵץס嶥˵̺ͻָ
һĿд֮䴫УʹԼȫһҲɵ΢΢Ļζˣ﷢ΪھĵԵʣֻŵĵȴ̼ھʹھҲӵ˷˿̵ھֻԼľͺҪըһǵܣ֮£ھҲ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
ھҲƲסԼڵһ˸߹һ˵ĳ嶯һʹ·һûзֻһӿԼͱھƵ˴ϣھͺһɵϣһҲӡԸе촽ϣҲɵ쵽֮䣬Ȼھɵ΢΢һþͽȷ˿
ȻھӣԼĿ֮䣬֮ײھͻľٶвɵ΢΢һ㶣оھ촽ӡԼ촽費ɵſԸе촽ͷھͬʱоھǸӲĴִĻȵԼ֮䲻ͣĳײţǾǲŶ룬費ɵ鼱һŤ壬һץסھǸԼ֮䲻ͣĳײŵģԼǴΪ֮Ůصĵط˹ȥ
ھѧǰëƬ￴ƣ˫Ȳһ𣬽ԼԵͽнĴ֮䣬оöˣںƣھʼҲ֪˶ãھеվڴߵȶѾˣĶԽԽ죬ͱ͵Ĵ̼͵ģھһһŨŨҺѩ׵ĶƤϣԵúҡ
֮ھȻڲͣĶţֱΪֹʱﶼѾھİɫҺ塣ھааЦݣԼҺͿȫ˵Ȼû꣬Ѿ㹻ˣҪǰŪǾˣҲҽһͿĨϣھմϵĨ΢ŵС
ǺñӣھٴԼ·ҲԼ·Ŵ˳ȥ֮ԸҲΪһ¾߳ȥΪţʹ跢ԼζҲΪǾƺŪģⷽ롣
ǣھû뵽Ź߳ȥ֮ԭյ˫ˡӵĿŹϵţ̾˿漴۾һʡ
ʱԼճϣŨŨζ۵ЦˣһɫǣÿģҲӳҵĵġ뵽 һҵﶼŪˣ³!۵˾䣬·ʱŷֵ֣Ŀӱھקˣҡҡͷִӹóһϡ
㴩·ԡȥЩճܣɫǾȻ뷨ȻԼϣ⻹ҪԼȫĨһ飬󻹰մĶĨԼǸͷβĴɫǣ뵽죬ƺζ
Ů˾һϲһˣôһжǺõģھȫھӰһھ֪ڶϣھһεĻص˼ھصң軹û˯ɳϿأھ۾˵ȾˣǾζ
ھٺЦһȵģ˾ͺ˼
Ȥҿ֮ⲻھưɣ裬˵ǲѽ
ߵͨ죬־ȥɳΪϣŮ˯£һ·ȥһʱէйھȡ
Ůһ󣬲ŷԼ·ѾͲˣһ Сɫǣҿ۾ϣ
ھһ˫۶ǿߵͨ죬ҪԼںھԱ߻иأ赹û˵ʲôֻવ· ˣİɣҪȥ˯ˣ
ʶȤվ˵
ص˷䣬Ҳȥˣ¥ʱƺԼһۣھɵİһڿˮһ룬߹ȥһţڷûԺҲ߽ķ䡣ھȥŷͷڴϣʱ쵽˶ھ߹ȥԱߣ裬㡭ҪǲԸĻϳȥ
ﰵԼҪǲԸĻô᲻šҡԸ⡣
ھ΢΢һЦվʱһССķһĸоھҲ֪ôģ֮£費ɵ͵͵Ŀ˿ھаѵҪ𡣡
ǹ˺һ迴ھһվ֮£ʵ̲ס˸ĵӴæһ죬۵ᱳˡ
ôһ˵ھɵһڿ˿绨ĽԺھСĵ裬еĻҸ㰴Ħһºòá
֮Իô˵ǿھԼǰŲӶһᣬھлӽԼģţֻҪھһӴԼ壬ƾԼھ϶ֵ˵ģھôһ˵»һɣǾллˣܡ
˴ϣھҲإʾͷʹԼĿ粿ö׼ͷȻھʼͷڶͷ˰Ħһ߰Ħţһ߶裬㿴ˣһʲôİĦ
оھһ˫Ĵ֣ԼͷϵĳѨλѹţһǵĸо֮һĸоӿͷʹ費ɵı۾ˣھԼĦھ۾ɵһ֣һ˫ɫԵ۾ʼķεھ鷿ôıȻƽŵԵʣ鷿ƽ̵ظ֮ϣȴ߸ߵţջھ
֮΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطҲںɫİ֮£΢΢ͻţھλÿȥԿ֮ĹһŮܣĶĵطŮܣĶĵط·ðŵھջźš
ھɵİһڿˮɵĿʼĵԼָϰĦʱϵļԼֹ⻬ϸĸоˣ΢յĿԸе촽ǹ⻬Сɵ°ͣھɵĽոϵƣһɨգȡ֮ģĪ˷ܺĳ嶯
֮£ھɵ΢΢̧ͷͷôھ֮䣬оھ֮ɢһֵɧζڴ̼Լ񾭣ʹԼȫӵʱвɵĶܣζĺúѽȻζǺܺãȴһġ
뵽費ɵ۾ھһۡ
ɫԵ۹εھû뵽ͻȻ۾һɫԵӣȫ뵽۾У迴ھӣһָоʹ֮£ֻ΢΢̾Ϣһȴû˵ֱ۾ʼĵھԼİĦھĴɢ費ɵеĻ
ԭϣ˵ĥһʹҲɵһ˿Ҫھ׽Լ߽˷Ժ󣬹һţţھŽĻԼԼջ塣
ھͻȻ۾ԼľٶȫھĲɵһǣһھо貢ûԼеӵƿԼɵ΢΢һͷһۣȴֱ۾ԼˣҲû˵ʲôָԼĻھһȣҲ֪ΪʲôӣɵĵӽĴһĴ̼ĸоʹھɵĸӵͦ
֮£ھɵһһ˫ֿʼϻ΢ŵԸе촽ھвɵһ˿ĳ嶯ھĻţָԸе촽ϣ︧
촽ɢһȵĸоʹھвɵ΢΢ļھɵָ촽ϰһ£Ȼ󣬽ŵĹ۲ķӦھԼľٶ軹һֻ΢ĲŵĽë΢΢ļٵĺʾĻһ˿Ľŵġ
ھԼûܵķӦɵĵӸӵĴһҲɵͷķŲŲʹԼѾ΢΢ͦĶͷ֮ϡ
оھĶԽԽ󵨣ְԼ촽ȻֽµǶԼͷ֮ϣֻȵĸо΢΢ĴһɦȴԼ˷ζ뵽Լı棬ʹԼֱԼ·еܲһģھѳǣһ˿ĿȴʹԼǿѹĵĻңȻھİһҲΪе궯΢΢ǺϢҲɵĽĴ
軹ûʲôӦھ˵һ˫ֲɵ»Լ˼ĻļͦǰţоھϵľٶһŷͻȻҲ֪ԼŮӼĵططһʧصĻԼͺпܻھֱ룬Ǵھϴֻȵĸоȴʹ費ȥܾھ˫ֶԼĸ
ԥڼ䣬ھѾ֮ϣһİ磬ھһĶ裬ҪҪҰ㰴Ħһѽ
һ˵ţھԼͷĶһ¡
вɵһȣһĳ嶯ߣŮеĽߣȴˣܣȲҪĦˡһû׼أȸҰĦĵطɡ
ôһ˵ھвɵһ֣Ϊ貢ûȷľܾԼֻԼĦĵط˵Լлᣬңھеʱ䡣
뵽ھɵ΢΢ĶʹԼ̧ϣֻһľ룬ȻھԼƣһʹԼſ΢΢ϣһץסһֻ̧֣ŵԼĿ粿Ħ費ɵƫʹˣˣھĶûп֮ģȻһھĶһʼİĦڵĳ
оھĿڵǸڲͣŵһ㱡ĿӣԼ޵ĥɢԵĵݵζһı壬ʹɵǵͨ죬ͬʱһִ̼ĸоҲʹıϢɵĽĴ
ھ˴󵨵֮£ĺɵĽļھоһĳ뵽ԼĿڣ̼ԼǸǴ֮£ھɵһץְĦҲɵ΢΢ԼĿ粿ķƶţư͵ľ͸ھھĿ£ǣھʹַԼĿ粿ĦֵİڶֺھҲɵĸſӽӴӣԼ һϵô޷졣
вɵһһֻϴھֻȶӲĸовɵĿͳ嶯ٶ費ɵ΢΢۾ھһϣųԵɫһ˫ץסԼСְĦ֣Ҳ˾ʹԼָſӺھƵĽӴ
ܵϢɵĸӵĳ嶯ڵвɵİĺڸոھҪԼزĦʱԼΪʲôҪܾŪԼоظһҪھĴݺݵԼĻӦûôܵġ
뵽費ɵߺȴֲ˼ڣֻ΢΢ͦظԼԸھŰʾϣھᵽԼ˼ھǸ֣Լʲô˼ھһ֪Ϊ裬ھǶ޶һģȻļϵĻһ£еܲˣɵĴϢŶھܣұ˵طҲúܣҰĦһ°ɡ
˼˵Լúܣһ̺Ҫ˵İھԼһ£ھĽ׽Ūףôһ˵΢΢һЦѽҰ㰴Ħһ´Ȱɡ
˵꣬ʹͷˣ֮䡣
۾ھĻȺͼӲŴھĿɢȻŵȴܴ̼˵˷ԵԵɦһֻھĿ粿޵ĺھӴŵҲ䱻ΪץסھԼĻһںھȴԼʹһ˲оԼһʧ䣬һҪ뿪ҼҪˡ
Լ廹ޱȵĵģ֪Լ˵ھҪǿ˲ģϵĻôھҲϳԼ˯ŶԼֽˣھ֮ԵĻȫİԼ˼෴ķ޷Ǿ뿴ԼӣˣҧҧûкһȴɶƵŤھſ顣
ھ̲סŤ壬ɵİһڿˮаɦɦ˰ɣŰɣӻɧġ
һţھһƶ壬֮ͦţһ߹۲塣
ھɫİŵ֮ǴԼγֹģԼΪ֮΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطŤ΢΢ţǿҲͣı״
֮޵ķ飬ھɵҧҧǿס뽫Լ쵽ȥҹȥڵĿֵĳ嶯Ľűߣ̧ȣŵԼĴϣȻھƶ壬ʹԼĿ粿ķε£Լ΢΢Ķķ֮ϣһ˫ֱ֣ץסһȣĸ
һ߸ţھһߴϢŶ΢۾裬ĴϵƤûѽſӣҶܸоõأĿӣ뿴水ĦǸʲôĸоء
ھ¶ǵ費ɵеĻָоھԼ֮ϣŪԼˣ費ɵһһβɵھķƶһ㣬ʹԼķκھӽܵһ
ھͷǸԼε˲֮Լͷ£ھɵ˷һ˫ֽĴϻ֮ǰţھоĿļԼĸ֮²š
ָоʹھвɵֳ˳ȵĹâһ˫Ҳڵ֮ĴȸȻھķָİ֮Ǵɫİŵ֮ŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλ֮ϡ
ȫһһ˫Ȳɵ΢΢ķ˿ӭھɫֵĵھ˫΢΢ķֿˣʹԭͽİ֮Ǵ˲ŮԵص΢΢¡ĲλϵĿӣ뵽ƬŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλ֮Уʹ￪һ΢΢ھɵһȣҲ̲סԼĴķָİĦ
ھоǸŮԵص΢΢¡ĲλôôȣȻһӣǸоȻھϲѣĸоʹھĶɵֱһ޶̼ĸоʹھɵ΢΢ĴϢ
ھܸоǱǽİ֮ǸŮŮԵص΢΢¡ĲλԼָİѹ֮£һһϵģһ˿͸ҺһһϵŮԵص΢΢¡ĲλŮǽİŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλڿ֮ϡ
һ߰Ħ裬ھһ߿Ϣʵ裬ôҸ㰴Ħɡ
һһھİѹ֮²ŤţھôԼɵ˳Ϣŵܣļ̫ˣңĸоѽ
ôһ˵ھвɵһ֣Ļﲢû˵ھİĦã˵ھļã֮䣬ǳھַ߳ˣҲнھԼǽĻͬһһģѸٵĽھڵĳ嶯Ϳȼˡ
ھɵһԼķϺݺݵײʼĵķεĵԺҲɵһھǴִԼķײԼĸоʹнĿֻԼڵִĳ嶯ͿԽԽѹƲסƣ֮£вɵϣھĶķȸӵĴһЩҰһЩֱһЩ
ھӣ֪ԼھϼжҲܾԼھĽף֮£ھɵǿסҪѹϵĳ嶯ķָ˶֮˲ŮԵص΢΢¡ĲλİѹǼ ϻ
оھжɫͻȻ궯һβɵͦţһͦŷΣﲻϢŵܣҵúܣûܹİĦأô뿪ˡ
ĵĻھɵһĻһ˫ϻҲɵͣץסĽףȻھþĽĽ ׸̧ͷķƶţʹһ˫ȺԼСԼظһ
ƣʹԱΪ֧ţһζʱ뿪˴棬ǳֵı¶ھǰھһкһ嶼ѹĴϣĴȺݺݵСİѹţӣҪ۶һġ
ȻھĿ粿ƶλãʹԼ·ö֮Ǵĵط֮£費ɵĴһһҲ˰֣ھԼ֮Ǵĵطײš
ƣھԼ·֮Ǵ΢΢ͻŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλ϶Ժ󣬲Žƽ˹ȻھŴһѹϣһԼĸλİѹǸ壬һ߽յߣϢŵ裬ôҵİĦַ԰ѡ
ھ̼񾭣ʹûлشھĻһתͷһ˫ֽ§סھĲӣھһ֪ʱԼôĻȼյ𣬾ͻὫԼ
ھû뵽边Ȼ᲻һе§סԼĺԼһʱ䣬ھɵĸпǧԴһһھͶǻԸжഺ壬˿죬ԼڱʵԼϾҪϴչʹԼŮˡ
뵽ھоͲɵ˷ڣ˵ĺԼһھôܲأǣھҲɵſ˴죬ͷԼѾõ˹ȥҲͷھͷһһߺھͷţһھԼ
ھإȪһģһβʣ̵˶棬Ȼھ֣ס§˻һ̣ھʲôҲӵĽ§ڻǽԼĻԼ齫ڻˣԼΪһ壬ʹһ̳ΪԼ㣬ҲоھĻһ飬һ̣ҲɵԼݵλŮԵϣԼѣԼִѵ뷨ǽԼĶͶ뵽ҵӵȥˡ
һ̣Ҳûһ˿ֻһ뷨ǾǣԼһУ׸ǰߴ˧ˣںԼһԺ󣬾ͻʧӰ٣ҲϧΪһ̵õĻ䣬ԶУԶĻȥȥζֱ껪ȥĶԺڻһηµʱģҲֻĶܡ
ĵӭϣʹھǳ嶯˹ھоǻȵԼ֮£ͣŤţǽԼŵĸʶͦ壬ԼĿ粿ŵ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطÿŤһ£͸Լһ˿ֵܣֿ֣ԼĻţţʹھһ˲֮ͦǺɫİŵ΢΢ͻŵ˲˿ԺѪǵھελػƵŮһӴһҲǵŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλ֮ϣĶ
ÿһ£ͻһǽвûһʹ˼һ˿Ŀֺĸоһ˫֣ɵĽ§סھһ˫Ҳɵ΢΢ķ˿̧ھһΣŬͦţӭھ֧ϢҲĴ
ھһ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصĵطµ裬Ѿһˣ˵Ķˣ˿Ժ󣬲ɵĻ嶯֮£ھһ߼ĺţһԼ·ŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλ϶ײţһ΢΢̧壬ʹԼ֮΢΢Ĳһ˿ķ϶Ȼھ̽˹ȥԵĸоھҪʲôɵнһ˫ֲɵĽץסھıϵ·ʾ˿Ƕô궯
ھ쵽С֮ϣһӲӲĶھ֪Ľͷھһϲ΢΢һþͽ˿ȻھĿ粿ʼŤ壬Լ··ĥĿš
һǵУǱİ֮ĳ䵱ıߵĿӣͱھʵʣھо֮ĻȣɵĴԼͷյ֮䣬ʼ
ھĿӣѾԼĥ֮£ʵ˴ȵĸѰİ֮ڿҲֻһ뻹ϵĿ£ʹõ֮Ǵ֣Ҳ΢΢˳ڸ֮µѩ׵ļҲֵģһŮԵ֮еĵɧζڿƮɢ˳ڿУ̼ھ񾭡
˵ķ羰ھɵһһ૵ĵ֪Ѿ˼ˡڼĿˣ֪Ϊ˼ξ𡭡
һץסڿıԵüһʹڿĴȵĸŮܣĶĵطֵı¶ھǰ
ھͷָǿƬŮԵص΢΢¡Ĳλھͷһ£ʱһǿҵŮԵ֮еҺɧζ뵽ھıʹھ̲סҪͷھޱȵĿͷ̧֮䣬Ϊھ֪Լ֮ķ羰סԺԼе뷨ͲʵˣҲûˡ
ھ̧ͷĽǻۼڿصϣ費֪ھΪʲô˵ĶԴԼɵ΢΢̧ͷһ˫ˮĴ۾ĿھھһǵӣɵĶ΢΢һЦȴû˵ʲôץ֣ԼĿ̽˹ȥ
һǵͨһҲɵֱ֮£ĸоھҪʲôһֿĵĺ棬ʹûпھľٶ˳ӵھ˿粿ھﴭŴæҵĽ⿪ԼĿӣͳԼǴִѾǵ÷Ӳ˵ֻС֣Լ˹ȥоھĿ粿ļӲͻȺʶĽһͬʱҲ΢΢һ֣ܿģһεھĿµĻȺͼӲ档
оھôĴִԼСҪܽھסץסھھɵһͦΣʹԼ׶
оھԼͻȻɵһĸоӿͷʹвķһˮܿģͽ״̬һֻץסھ֣Ҳɵı׾жʹھоһʵĴִ̼̼֮£ھɵץסֻԼ׶֣ʾͣھоȴĩھҪʲôɵһ˫ˮĴ۾Ŀھ
ھƶһԼ壬İ跭˰ʹţʹԼĿ粿ĺķһȻھǽİķεڿһǣȻھһֻ֣ԼԼǿķκڿ֮ķ϶뵽ķϡ
ȻھһţʹڿΪԵĹϵԼķϣһȶ⻬ĸоھ뵽ھУʹھɵ΢΢ı۾һ߿ʼоķϵǹ⻬ϸļһͦ壬Լķĥ
оھǿ粿ļӲͻһԼķϣָоôʵô֮£ҲƲסԼĵĿͳ嶯һߴţһ߷ŤԼ壬ӭھĶһͷĳҲΪŤɢ˿һŰ͸ҲԵɫӣھвɵһа޲Ͼͽ͵
ھȴûôԼҪ̲סʱ򣬲ŽԼԵķ˳ָ贩˿ӣֻʣķˣ˴ϣھڲţ΢΢Ķ˶ʹԼƽһ֮ھת˴󴲵ıϣһεĿʼھȻƽţһ˫Ȼƽѩ׵ظ֮ϣȴǽǺɫĽ³ĹΣջھ۾£⻬ƽ̹СС棬ͻȻչȴķֱĴȣ֮䣬Ǹ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطǺɫİ֮£ɢŵ
ȴڰɫİ֮£Եôķеԣһ壬ǳ˳ŮԵջ֮ھòɵİ̿ˮ뵽߾壬ϾҪԼɫ֮£չԼǰԼ׳֮£߳˳ԸеҲ鲻ԽŤ֮ھɵ˷
ھһ壬һ˲֣·İŵ˹ȥоھɫԵĹ۲Լ壬һĸоӿͷеĳ嶯ҲɵĽǿֳ嶯ʹ֮£費ɵɳŤ壬·ڷйԼĵĿַ·ڰʾھٴһ㡣
ھһ壬ͱֱͦĸоסˣɵǷ豻ھֻϴȵĸоҲŪһɵĿʼͦţӭھԼĸ
ھһֻϲͣţھ֮£費ɵһŤ壬һҲʼھһֻ֣쵽ʣ⿪ҪĿвɵһȣɵ̧Σھľٶھ˳ĽԼĺɫĿһھͱѩ׶Ĵסˣھɵһֻʼѩ׶ֱĴϸ
оھһ˫ȵĴ֣ԼĸеĲλţھֵĶôô·ҪԼڵȫòһ֮£費ɵҲʼһҲɵһһʵģԼ֮Ǹɫ˿˿ڿİŵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطھǰͣĻζš
ĶʾھԼǶôĿįھһһʵŮܣĶĵطɵİһڿˮһͷҲɵĴյ֮䣬ʼ֮޵Ĵ
оھͷյԼ֮ǣھһһĴԼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵط֮ϣһͣ費ɵĸӵķԼһ˫ȷֵÿĽԼ֮˵ķ⣬չھǰ
ͬʱ費ɵĽĵܣҵ𣿡
ԣھɵֱһߵ˵ͷھһߵĹ۲ֻ֮֮ɫ˿˿ڿ㣬ı֮䣬ڿ㱡͸ģԼĿ֮ǺںڵһƬǰɫڿм䣬ȴһ˿ʪھ֪ǿ϶ΪܲԼòҺ뵽ھɵĳ嶯ͷյ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵط֮ϡ
ھʪͷ֮ڿһĹھǿˮͽİڿĵ׶ȫʪ͸ˣʹǰɫڿ͸֮ëҲΪڰɫڿϵԵʣɼھȵķ羰ﻹ͵סɵһ֮ŮеζȻھͽ֮䣬Ħ
ֻãһĿд֮뵽Լ費ɵĸӵ˷費ɵ˫֣ھͷھͷԼ֮ķѹţͬʱһѩΣҲǲɵĸ߸ߵ̧ʹԼ֮Ǹ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطӵͻ˳ʹھԸӷԼ֮Ħš
ڵ裬ѾĹâԿóھ֮£Ѿǽ鲻Խ֮ɢŮ֮еζĦ֮Դһ㵯ԵŮܣĶĵطھԼһĿ֡
ھİ֮£ĴһҲʼһŤӿ˲òѪڣھҲãԼڵĳ嶯ԽԽǿңԵҪըһǵܣھɵץסһֻ֣ԼĿ˹ȥ
ᵽھͼɵľϲһ˳ӵĽ쵽ھĿ£ھ֮£סھԵʼиȻһ·ǣھԵϴһȵļӲĸо費ɵĽֽһھԵʼ׶
ھֻԼԵֽץԼûĸо˵ĳʵеĴϢҲĴһ֮ǴŮܣĶĵطĦҲɵĽļӴȡ
ھֻãԼڵĳ嶯ԽԽǿң֮£ھɵһֻǽİ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮܣĶĵطڿһߣʱһǿҵŮԵ֮еζŮҺζھıǻʹھӵ˷
ִ̼ܵھɵͷ֮İŮƬû£ھ;ϲķ֣ǽİŮƬ⣬Ȼķ˿¶ķۺɫ⣬ھɵͷ
оھͷԼŮıԵţǵԼڵĳ嶯һ˸߹һˣ֮£費ɵĲ壬һ棬ھͷԼ֮Ľһһֻʼæҵİھ˿һھ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصĵطͳǸԵҲھĿӵİ֮½˳ڿŭţھǸִԵвɵһ˿ϲ
ھĿӺ󣬲ɵһȻھԼɳھ֮䣬һ˫ˮĴ۾ֱĶھڽǴŵԵӣǺ޲һڽȥһġ
ھ֪ϾҪܵĿˣɵһϲ˫ֲھӣ費ɵ΢΢һ죬ȴܲھŭŵԵջ費ɵĽͷյھĿ£ʱһǿҵɧζھԵɢıǻ
豻ɧζǴ̼ÿھԵĶһ͸Һ壬費ɵͷһ£ھԵŵһҺϸƷ
ԵĶ˴ĿУھﲻɵķһͺһ壬ҲɵĹһ˫Ҳɵķסͷû뵽ھȻԼԵ˵У֮£費ɵһֻץסھŭŵԵʼ촽ھԵĶĦһĿдԵĴھɵȫһ˫֣ҲɵͷԼԵķѹ
ɵ˳ھʹھһִԵʼԼھоĸŪ֮£ԼȫҪըһ֮£ھɵĽ˫ǰͷ֣Ϊ磬踧
֪̼ʱҪˣƤвɵһ˿˷ܵɫھĿɵ΢΢һþͽһ壬Ƶɳ֮ϣ迴ھһ˫۾ҪγһɵĽŵÿģ૵ĵɣܣǿ׳̴Ұɣ
ǽ޵ӣھɵһаɵƵתҲ˴֮ϣھ֮䣬Լһͽѩ׵Ĵȷ˿Ȼھʼ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصĵط壬ԼĿµŭŵԵ֮䡣
оھǸӲĻȵԵԼŮıԵҶţǲŶ룬費ɵļŤһ֮Ǵ΢΢¡ŮԵصĵط壬һԼƣȻһֻԼ֮䣬ץסھԼ֮ײԵԼŮ˹ȥ
õھɵ΢΢һҲ΢΢һֻ΢΢һ̵ͽԼԵĲ뵽ڣû뵽ھԵȻ˵ĴִԼԵɵЩܲסҲɵĳһ˿ʹɫһ˫֣ҲɵĽ§סھھоԼԵһů紺ĵطвɵİĳ治ǸŮСôĽˡ
뵽ھɵĿʼŮгھĻĳ֮£Լ֮һĳʵĿ콥ŵüͷɵĽſˣҲɵķλðλùɵ뵽ھĶӴ̼ھĳ嶯ھɵһʼļӴڳȺٶȣ˵ײһ𷢳žž֮ڣγһ¡
˵ĴϢĴҲ֪˶ãҲ֪˶ٴεĸ߳ھžԼľһɣһɵľҺȫͬʱҲǴһһ˫ֽץסھ֣һǲĲҲ˿ֶɫһεھǿĲ֮´ﵽ˸߳ϵһƬ죬ʾŸո˵ĴսǶôļҡ


305 ʦѡϣ
1981125йۣӰԱ̨Ա1989꣬8˽ڵӰݺĺе춹һǣɴ˽Ȧ
1989꣬8ѽܣӰƬݺĺ춹ɴ˽Ȧ1993ڵӰ׷ħŮгԷн-ͯ׿һ1995ڵӡʮһͷҡٺͳŮӽ˼1996ڡЦ̡
ŮTVBģھŹģ
ʱڣھڷʱ˳ǰһ죬ץס顣һ֧ԮסҪ
ھһѵϡŸպѹͦ鷿ϡƣļֺҸȼؿʼض׼΢΢ݵĵطװˮؿھ
ھɫȶԼĻͼŮˣҲ̲סһͷסε촽ݣεͣҡҡȥھһݣ־ȥĦ鷿װ" ѽ"һſ͡ھͷ˳˽ȥͺסͷһ
װʹı飬Ȼشھ˴ϡ
ھڳʼĿӡưֻͣĻסھĳº¶һСɰɫڿ㣬ڿѾʪʪһƬھڿ̽滬ʪůճ˳
Ҫ˵СŮˣھİѾļͶ׼˫ַץ˵ȣĥһĥһʹĴ˽ȥüͷһ壬ų" Ŷ" һСѨʱĿɲǼͱһʵ档оѾͷھ漴ͣ⴫ļѹĸоⲻϵѹͣĴ̼ĺˬ
ظĺţഺѩ׵ĵа㣬⻬޳񾱣ͦζɴ鷿ͦеԣۺɫͷСӣһ㡣ھӾŪһ飬˱˫صĳ£ѾǧķɧŤ˵С
ܿ췿" ѽѽ" δйĴ̼̬
һھʲôվһƨɵʾΣŴȫİƨɾޱȣͷһδѨڣƨŤӣаϲ͸ӵ˷ˡԼļٴκݺݵشĺһ룬Ϻŵʹǰֻھļͺ嵽ԼһһδιǼ䴩̣̼֮£Ҳ˲Ů󣬴˽
ھйɵȵѨﷴ壬۾ͶԼСһӽȥһӳðˮԽԽ࣬ҺҺһ㾧͸
ھ£ʹزؼʮغϣڳһŤƨֹͣǱסƨɿʼΣĿһϯȫСѨĻһһϵ˱ھĹͷͲסһˮСѨ
֮ھҲ˼ޣɿ˳̼䣬ҺѾϣĵǣ鷿СϺͷϡ
ȫ̱ڴϣഺ壬ǽ׶͸ļһ覴ÿһϺõ͸Ƿĺ촽΢ſŴŴ۵Ĳӣƽϸ۵СԲ޳ĴȣͦΣ͹٬ȳƵģԼǵشȵĲھǻǵľҺһŮͼȸġ
ھ˫§סھĲӣͷھļϣھζţûоܾŵȥʵСƨɣָƨɵץ˼ѣŰȹӣֱŴȵڲ࣬ϵָ˽ֹסھĽ룬ھֱٶھǿס֮䡣˿ţݷԲƵġоǣƬͬʱ˫Юţ̲סšھָѨϵţʱʳָĥˡϵţʱʳָĥˡ
ĺԽԽ٣еޡޡ
ͷ͵ھھ͵ߵζھƵڴϣ⿪ھĿų˵Ū˼£Ȼſ죬ԥİھСУ°ͷζŪۺ촽ȦŪͷҡתţǻůʪǿ˵Сɵ⡢ŹͷϵС


306 ʦѡУ
ھеۡˬ١һġ
ЦЦ³еиŪھͺĹͷѵ̻¶ѩ׵˫飬һ߰ͦš˫֧ھͷ࣬ӣھߣﻹ˵Ľеø磬ѽǲҪˣ
Сĸèھҧסһ˼£쵽ϣקȹӡ
ֿ˫ȣھСھ߰ĹͷԵƨɡھǰŹɹơߵĳʪ˿΢쵽סھʱͷûл˷ֵм䡣
šš
üšҪš
Ŷ
ھֻ߶ûʪķУס˽һȦ⣺桭һ㡣
£šá񡭡̫󰡡

ͻȻͷСڣھ϶ȥ̡һֻ⾥ûСֻʪܵСѨ
ǰ˫ֳھϣҵĴţø硭ĺôѽҡšš̫̫ϲˡŶŶ
۵СƨȴƶţŪţھҲɣӭ϶СѨܣһȦȦʪ˿ޣŪھĹͷλв֮ǿϵĵطֻüǳǳëŵ֮£ֵи
ȻΪ֭Һ裬̡̡
׶šھ˵Сáðɣ㾡˶ҵС
̰ضšŤţˬˬ¡ôôʪšѡˡ
ھۣе㲻ȶŤţԭȵ˫ַס˳ָȥŪһԳͦĺɫ١ھԼŪǶͷĶ˼£ֻȻͦţС˻˻
Ȼ󡭡ͻȻ£ھؿڣָھļȫţСѨǽշţůҺ漤ھѹ£Ķ˵㡭߳ʱ򣬺ˣ
ֻƶ졭
ӣС죬ھĴгھȡķۺСͷھ⡢촽Ʋ˱ھڳƵ㷢ǵĿ϶˵ģˬʹͨ죬ָھգ΢˵ģгֹֻ𣿽һ£һŪ𣿡
ھ˵ѽһûСѨǡ
ۣЦ˵ͳɣɲҪѽ
ھ˫ƽ̹ĸϸץס˫飬ſ죬ھȲĺһֻ⡣
鷿ۣҸеԡھ˱ƬԪСɫΣֻһӲӲСͷȻھţͷ
ĺţزӿ졭ھתһֻӣͬʱָŪһѾøʳͷ
ӦмҷӦģȴӲֻ۾ĴϢ- ھúúõӴô׵ģ

ŵתͷŴ۾ͷǰھһͷ㿴ͷñ䳤ַ֣
šᣡ
һھ촽ͷŪ⣬ȴƿߣšûˡ˼ͷơƵö
ھץ֣ͷ˽еҪˣѽ
ھսķۺͷͣѲѹ
ھһԷļӲŪ٣ֱͦͦһһµز˽˫Ȳھÿھһ£ͺߡššŶŶ
۾ڵȴھĲ롭һھȼ䣬ĿתġСͷϽ˫ȣѽʲôѿ
עѾȼˡ
ھŰ͸ҡСϵĶë΢ŴЩھ׵ĴھֲЩСʱĺԵĽҲЩھŪɫƬ꣬ƷŻڳ֭Һÿˮ
ʪھǿճһְֻһߵĴСѨŵø󣬲õڱڣԿССڣʪ³ҺǻƵˣҲ̽˷ۺͷھûСѨڱڵ֭ȻͻȻ̽룬ŦСߺѽѽġھ̧ͷմ촽𣿡
ֵͷͷסڡŶŶŶ
Ķ飬ֲõĴھھסӯӯһյ˫飬ָŪһӲͷھ˵ͷѨС
ţʱѿˮˮͿϸ׵ָϡมมҲáมССѨŶŶ׵áô桭ˬมˡ
ΪھͷǷ˼ת촽Ȧ𱻰ƤǵСѿ˱šھŵȼ䣬ӲҺСϡմˮָǸԳı顣


307 ʦѡ£
ãҪҪļһõ廨ƵСѨ
ھ˵ŷŵۣСѨڣҪѴ󼦡Ͳţ
ھŪ˼ߣϽȼ䣬˫ȼڼϣǷСѨȻӭھֱļ͡ھմˮĹͷ֮С컮š硭ҰɡСѨšҪˡม
Ťĸˡ
ֱסԼƨɣָĴͷǰʪڱڶСȻڡھСѨһֻ̽ͣǵţܹǶųܹǡھҲ˿ŶýŶȡ
ھȲ̧βֻиʪʪģͿǵҺھصĲȥ硭
ǡôء
СѨĲУھĥĥƵŤβСˣŪͷҲƵһ̶ˮ
ͻȻ˫żסھգָҲץסھֱۣม硭СѨҪҪˡ
ۣʹָھϵƤУֺھĶ䣬Ŀգ΢΢סȻ󡭡ƨɾͦšڶţҲ˱ƵĲš˵ѽø硭Сðɡ
һ֧ٶȳСѨÿζ嵽ˡ
ҵĻ˫ŬӭţܵСѨһ¼ŪߡھͷСÿھʱ̺СҲ֮УʱС촽ָ߸ţ᲻ķҺھռλŵ㣬ĥŪˡ
סԼһ鷿ꡣָǼŪһӲ÷͵ͷš硭ѽѽ
ھ֮أּҵ˦βˮڱǡ硭硭ŶҪˬˡ
ھطϵߣеĹ޷̣ม
ֻùͷˬ̾á硭Ŷһ𡭡ŶŶ
มůม̵úáˬ졭
ھͦѷеиҢҺͣͣมеáðһ㡭มһɡһɼСѨѨڡáˡڣھй˾Һغ΢΢ʹھ͵ߡţЦţ˳۵ָḧھֱۣԲʹ˰ɣ
ھְ¶ĴȣСѨ𣿡
˵öˣƽˣҲŪˡ
ھ˵ҲԵģҵļץˣ
ڴϣھˡǸ˵Բھ˵ôѽߴ˵ÿθ߳ץӣҲĵġ
ھ˵ôѽ룬¥סھĲӣ˵ʲô㣬ô涼Եġ
ھָָѾĴ֣׶С촽ȥ³ھĴζھصšǻวŶԷ壬Ū׳ˣھ˼£Ȼſڴϡһſ˫ַŴأǸ۵Сƨ˺øߣ۵СѨҲ¶档
ھСƨɣʱ˺ӡַŴߣѹͷѨϣ¡СѨھĴͷһ࣬ðɧˮˣͬʱҲú˵ȥ˼Ҫ
ھһֻ§İƨɣӲĴ߾ͶѨУһ֨һߣͶ˽ȥһµŶŪˣŪú
ھЦЦ˵ĻںͷأϹ
סĽеùϹѽСѽ
ǸСѨɧˮҲʣѨ۲˺ܴǺ۵ƨҲǵⷭھһȥץס鷿һһָͷϣţͦӲŴߣѨʼˡ
һһµģ͵ģʮ£еѨˣھ͸Ļ˳͵ķʽ˫ץҲıȽϳˣÿһ£롣ÿһ£ضҪѹͷѨϣضȥĲŪھǰһͣƨһӭھ˼飬ֻĺšھɿ鷿ֱ֣ϸСѨĽӴ֭
ƨɿʼҡھĺһ飬ŶŶŶ
ԽԽСѨʪ̣ھĳ鶯ս⣬̡̡
硭ûҡҡŶˬšš
ųı飬šҵĶӭţСѨͻȻҧأֻܷڡ˻
Ĵ


308 Ůϣ
Lily Tienй̨ŮԱˡɽˣĸˣǰΪˡϯѡ̨ʡγ褷˳ˮ֮ܳ¶Уָ߻۾ΪԶãڶಿȲгɹ쾭ɫǿơ
ŮھܷŹ̨
Ϊھҿ첽ߵıһѰס˶Σǵм䡣һֱͦ塣»˳ƴӺץס˼ҹǶ۷ӣĴֵҲݺݵĶƨĦʱǷʴƨɶֵܵѹ˳ҵڶ֪ʱΪʲôûнУİɳϣ˫ȷֿҵ䡣
̹׽ҿɰ㳤̫ɧ޶ˣÿο֮Ҷ˯μҿɧѨʹҲοţװģ뿴Ƕô㣬ɧлҰɣ"޵ĵͷĵֿҿϲ·Ȼѽʮ꣬ɫȴǳޡţûϲ̵ĴݲУ෴ģȴʹɢһɳĸŮζ
ѩ֬ļ˵Ĺ⻬ϸ£û˿覴áСȻƽ̹ʵǰֻԲķʰ״鷿ճ¯Ȱͷ˵ĶĻꡣϸȴԲĹķĴƨɣޱȡ޳ȣԲƽεٸĲµķһ˿ҵչֳȫʰ۵Сͷһţ۰׷ƽ̹С糤Ũںڵķݣְĳëס˶صСѨмһϸޱȡ״μʶѩ׷顢ԸгŮǹ˷ܾԲɫеɢĹʣҪλᣬúõİ̳ҵūҶ˵ҵɧĸ¸ҿҪҡִջҪҵļ治ˣʶȤ㡣
˵ұɳϡ
Ȼİȴ󿪣ƬŮһſɳǰƨ̵ϸߣߺ󡹵ˬšֳסӣһĦָϽŪĥ˰죬ͷֻ˱šҶ̬ٸҲ̲סˣؽͷ§סҵĴסŵС죬ȰͷһΣܾſ£һס΢΢ϢСǣҵĴͷҲ޺ӣĦֻѩ׵סǿӲСͷͷϵۣҰԹɧ˦˼£һ˿Һشӹͷϵձһߣһ壬ۡһ죬죬ͰҵĴͷС룬ҸеһеͷѾĺһһеҸӵıǣСڵСŪҵ⾥һˬĿ⣬ʹҵļǵøָ
Ҵֱ죬󼦰һδεĽٵⴽ΢ţֻۣΪһƴ˱Ҳɵˬŵԣ졭áġԡҵġ󼦰͡ˬมСﾹҵĴ󼦰ţ治֪СжӴʱҵɧ˾¶ƺƵغҵĴֱŪţ޵ҿ¿Ťţֻұһһɧŵգƨǰһ壬ҵѵ˽ȥͷϵһɣһɾҺʳÿһξҺ¶ȥСֱðĴ󼦰ͣҶø
ϢһᣬҾͰѩ׷۵Ĵƨת˹ҵķĿٸ죬˵ܷʶڹСѨϸǽˣһָëһֳſŪǺ۵СˣһʳһˮʴƨҵתķɧİڶšһֻɧĸƵġ
ʱҼѾкһЩˮˣæĸһڵذϣʰ׵Ĵȷֿ˸ͣıŴ󼦰ˮѨи˽ȥְ۵Ĵƨǰҡҵļ
һֽرסôͷѨӣתĥѨģʹ˳ѨֽҵĹͷйһҺ壬С˺ٴγҼķſϣ˫ִҸ´ȥסһԶѵķʴĴţֱļ鷨ɵÿ˫ԽͦͷҵָǵִӲŤŶţСѨˮһɣСں˵˵ҵĺü͡󡭡㡭졭𡭡ҡġСѨѨˡ鷳㡭ѡҡ塭ࡡ졭졭СѨѨˡü͸硭ࡡá󡭡͡СѨѨءءһ㡭šҵѨܲˡѽˡ


309 ŮУ
ҳעʱͻȻСѨγ󼦰ֻͣҲ˲ʲôļžҪץҵĴ󼦰һһϵС
ҳûв㲻˵ҲѨ˵أԺҪҪСѨء֪ҲáһҡһӶūˡ𡭡ҵġ󼦰͸硭졭塭Ұɡ
ɬؽתţѩ׵ȵ䶯ţ⻬¡ͦĽѩҵĳͦӭϡ
š
ÿһζխۺοɰСǶ߻ȵӦ˵Ķ壬ĵĽ۵ӭ϶ʹ𽥼ӿ˽࣬ݲ壬ϵöۺ͵ش־ڵӣнĵĽ䡣
һκݺݵǽСۺʱڶۺĻоʥشУһľУɬо㣬ǶۺĹ̹ͷһһһµزᶥٲѾۺеѹӲǶԼۺеĻȻԽԽԽԽӲӳʵŻڣխСۺڡ
ţ
ҵ£ߴ¶о
ܲˡܲˡС񡭡ҡйˡйˡ㡭ˡˡ
һһճۺ˳Ž͸ۺеۺιɣʪ׽մȾƬƬŮ֭Ĵ
һΣֻȵۺ»խĽĽ֣ʱɲǼĸ֮߳С
ҵٸһ壬нϵճĤһȵУɵȫһ飬֪ܰؾأ׺ݵĳ˰ʮ£ȻضǽСۺڣס񹬿ڣ¡θӭѨ̵
ۺеһ̶ֶýת
ڶ̸죬彿ѣѩ¸ǻۺ߰ߵ㣬ùӣҲžҵز֫ѹòֻܶвͣҡףѡ
㣬סҵļͣ
ܿ죬ӲĴ󼦰ʹͦ۵ıϡ
ۣôļֲͣøղżҵСѨҪˣ
˵ţſС죬ҵĴ󼦰룬޴Ĺͷ۵ĺ
㣬ҵ˶úõ򣬺úõĳԡ
ЦŶںԼļ͸Լڽò˵˵
һô󼦰СгţҾ޴ļͣ˵ֻǷȴʮֽĶˡ
ұ߸С죬Ū㷢Ͱ۵Ĵ鷿
ڽʮӺұ˾Һȥ
˳ӵغİװ׵ľҺ
Ұѩ׽§ڻİ۷鷿߶˵㣬Ӷϡ
ش˵ܣ㶼Ҫȥˣ
ѩ׵ȼ䣬׵ľҺڵ£ҵļͺܿһſڴϣѩ׷۵Ĵƨɸ߸ߵŪ۵ĸţָŸſڣͷĸţƨ۷ڳ˺ɫ͸Һæȥ
Ұİƨ̧ߣʹ۵ĸŸӱ¶ݷٻȥҽͷ۸ϣ˫ַعͷĽС죬ͬʱһʣ󼦰۵ֱڣ
ü΢忣¶ʹı顣ƨۺۡܽ˴ִļͲȷʵǺʹģΪҳַйҶиؽ
ʱ΢ϣ̬ٳǷĴƨɣǰҡŰŵĹҲɧѨۿظţʱ̺һѣϸ˺һԽԽԽԽ
ʱŴֳĴ۵ƨ˼£ָƨ¶һ۽СⶴͦŴ󼦰һᣬűϵؼҵ˫ֽƬԲʾƨɵһµĲŪ
Сƨ﷢ˡžžײļҵˣѩ׵ķʴƨϣݺݵһѣһǷĴƨɱһۡ
ֻʹҡƨɣҪʹҵĴ󼦰Сƨۣ󼦰͸硭㡭㡭ҵƨۡҪ㡭ѿˡ
ҵĴƨٶţһȤСƨ۶ҧҵڲŪʱУŮԵĿСҽķƨɷʹƨۼнҵĴ󼦰͹Ǹͻ¡ķγнĳſϣ˯޻֮ϣһֲⴲĸоѡƨ۰ҵҧסһҲɡ
СҪ㡭̫ˡ
ţҰķȼһֻԼϣǿĲƨۣΪԲٵƨ۵ĸֿŪǶԷʵһε顣ڶĴ̲סһ̣йƨ۵
ѩ׷۵Ĵӣƨ侫߽У㣬̫ˣƨøɣ벻ųĵطô
ҳ󼦰ͣٲС죬̰ŸմвմŵĲǬ
ܣӰɣ
ţ鷿Ц
۷鷿ѩ׵ĴȣѮŮһۻ壬ұ޲ڡ
һ˫Ĵ۾ؿңѩ״鷿ҵŪ½


310 Ů£
ҿ͸졢׵̲סͳҵĴ󼦰ͣþ޴Ĺͷ۵˫ϴʱȥѩ׵Ĳӡ۵ĶͦСǣⶺ裬ʲô
һ£ҵĶ˵д󼦰͡ҵĹܵĴ󼦰͡
ҹЦָͷƬʵ촽Ǻɫ΢΢ϵϲͣ˱Ѿȥٶȼͦ䶯ˡ
ʶ˶ϲ÷ȣٿؿǰԣһӱ˸סıһֽۻץסһɲµķ֣ŪŪ岻ϱΣһ̽ůƽС֮ĴŪ
Ҵ񾱣£㾱Ƥ촽ƣ˶ŪǰĶֻ廬ޱȡ
Ҵֱذ˹ǶԸƵİ˫ӳѩ׷ҶΡΡĶӣͷޱʯӣ촽б̣ҿ۷ֱͷӣȥͷܿܽĿУһ˱ĶС࣬򰵶ȣⷭʹͷͣһƹ
ҵ˫ִҸ£ƹһյ΢һôʹǣϰһʵļ⼷ѹͦԲһһߡ
΢΢ͦ׽۵ļͦԲϵ˫飬˵˫ŵļѹ΢΢ԾҸȥͷ鹵Ũҵ㣬촽סǹ⻬ļͦ˶飬ϸϸÿ缡ͺѰ㣬ƫƫ©ǺѰΧһȦʺεķ֮أֻȦ
ͻȻһ죬ӣУݺصĥ׳ͬʱּһǿӣҡһֻҲûţ»ѩ˹ɼصںŨܵëϺͳʪĥ䣬ָɼ̽ͬʱָɦ⡣ĦΣһָͻȻ۶ֻⶴůʪ۵ڽסָеԡ
ָֿڣ壬ڶָŵҲ˽룬֮£ԭһϸۺſŴѨŪܿڲһС׳ͦѿܿжӦָײϹβͬѪĻģָĦѹ۵Ĵ⡣
áܣ㡭ɡɡ
ɬ˵š
ʱѾּӲ־ֱֱָšָϥϣ⻬Ĵȣͽ˫ȷֱֿͦӣ˫סͷ׼ʪܵⶴ˽ȥһǿļѹϴӹͷ۵ⶴ˵ĽխůҾѨʪ
ִȻŮɵĳ̶ȣѨƶ챻űˣͣûѨڽӴĵط𻨱ϡȫϸ㺹һС¶ʱͣˣǰȻӴ΢ͣһᣬȻʮָεĿס͵ͳһźηͷͻƹڣ֦׮һȫĻصײ֮Ϸġžž
ѽšߺߡס㡭ġİѡ㡭áΡˡѽ㻵
Ц˭Ҫôˣ̬ˣɧˣڴôҡΣôҰ÷أ
˵صС񡭡㡭Ҫˡˡԩҡ桭Ҫҵġˡšöӡǡġǡġ󼦰ֳִ֡֡͡Ӳɵ㡭ˡĸΡ㡭ˡø硭Ҫ㡭ɡˡ
Ȼ׺ںڵĳٲ˦ȥòǰڴϵЬҲ䡣
ҸоԼƺѽ˰㣬һˬӿͷѹĥ壬ڳһֲסذŤΣס¡ʹӭԼĳ塣ȴ׳ᴩ¸ζеĿζ̵ٶȲܿ죬ÿγ붼ÿĻԼʺ⣬ʱ򽫷ۺ콿۵һضӿ֭ۺϴ壬ȡ졣ǿת÷󻬵ĶŤƵİڶ
ม̡סࡡáҪ衭衭ˡมáܡ㡭Ĵ󡭡󼦰͡ס硭ࡡҵġ顭򡭡ѽมมġССѨѨɧááˡ˼ҡҪŶѽ졭ѡ󼦰͡塭ġСѨáѽ졭塭㡭ҡ桭á̲ס󡭡㡭ҵġסܡ顭硭มม塭Ұɡҡมม
ƽׯȴɧޱȵ̬Խǣһضʱǣֱǰҵ߷
𽥼ӿ˳Ľ࣬ʮ¹󣬾ͷض鴤ţȪӿʹ鶯ʱ۵Ļͷǰ˰ʱʱ˱Ҹеȫ쳣泩
ȻۺסȻ࣬ҪжһѨÿһ¶쳣ѡ֪߳ǰ࣬˼ɵ˫ץ˰ζķ壬ǶԻԲͦ˶üΣһָҪǶظһ㣬һݷѩ׵鼡ָ䱻ðҼע֮Уʱִִ֣߳һֱֱǿгֱۻġͻȻеĴ޴һŨŨӻĽֱĴͷϡǿѹסӿľ⣬Ȼ˿ͣٵȫţٳ룬־޴ҪǽխĻÿһζн۵ĻģصĺҪ̴壬ʮָǰ˫壬ҪǷͦ󱬡
ڻӦſĳ̣񹬿˼ʮӤһͣŹͷƺҪøľҺһʵʵس壬㺹ԭ͹⻬ļץץס
ؾþԽߵ֪߳ڼǺޱʵСͣײѩ׵ĳ𣬷žžһĿ֮󣬺ȫϣһ嵽ףӲĴͷ񹬾ڣ񹬣Ȼɽ緢㣬ȹ̵ľҺ䵽۵Ĺϣۺ˲ʱһ鴤һɹ廬Ҳӭ˳
ʱ۵ڴϣδҲܲ࣬ƨɣִӺ˽ȥƴ鶯ǣܡ㡭Ϣһ°ɡˡŹɡ㡭ʹ
߲ͣ
ҴЦ㣡һһûȥȻᡭȫȥˡŸʹأ
˵һδȥ˼ˣͦΣне졭졭
󼦰һ嵽ס
ˡ
ͷסСѨģȫһһȺˮֱ
⡭졭
Ҵʱеͷ泩ˣĳ壬δ⣬ٶʱͻȻһͷѽĸΣͷһγ⡭ġζܡ衭衭ȡѹҵ衭Ҫ㡭㡭졭
žžһĴѩ׵ĴƨɣһƴŻ˶Ĵ̼Ϳֱּױȣõϰ֪ԼԼžͱԼܲѨ϶һΰɣ
е㡭㡭ƨܡܺϲ
ɡ衭СѨ졭塭ҵ׶⡭
е
սƨɣĴ󼦰Ͳڽͳݲ塢ԽԽʱŻġ
ŶʹˡĴ󼦰衭ӹˣĸΡһ˵Ĺ⡭Ĵ󼦰͡衭Ҫˡ⡢Сɷסٿ졭졭ҪҪˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ͳ̺죬ѾСѨˮֱðҲﻹƵƵУҵĶĸ⡭ұˡɰıʹҪˡɷ򡭡Ұɡˡ
ûƮƮǶ죬˫˫§ƴҡڣͦߣҵĳ塣
Ъ˹ĽššͦšʹСѨ߸ܺϣ̼ԷҰڣ§ƴݲ壬ͷƣĻϣ̡̣֮ڶˡ
Ŵ󼦰͵ųһһˮһطֱ˳ŷʰ׵βڴϣʪһƬ
îһҳ壬ʹûɢסĴŶ£
ܡҡĸΡˡҡˡ
˵͵ذ˫˫ЮĸͦߡͦߣҪҵˡ
һһע˫˫һɣڴϣȫ̱ˡʱѾƣŵ壬ﾭ˵Ŀ籩̳꣬սأ
һģ۽գ̺죬㺹죬鷿źһһԼĴ󼦰ͻСѨůֽĸо
һϢһ˫ۣĿҵô
Ǵ̡󼦰СѨǵɧѵ߳㣬֪䣬ŤϸͦʷӭұŤ߱ǣ죬ͳݲ壬ƬŴ󼦰͵ĳ壬һһϣˮ̡̡֮ͣ
Ǹˣ׳ߴֳǳ֮»·򣬼֮󼦰պһСѨʹڰľ棬ͷ㷢ҵͷϣҡҰڣ˫ֽұͦ˫ҵţţܡһ˵⡭ɷ򡭡ҲˡĴ󼦰͡ġСѨᡭˡ󡭡㡭ʵܲˡ֡֡ˡ
ҵ֫ٺ͸ҧŴͷһһ˱һ˫ҵţһˮһһ˫۷ס
ҲеСѨСƵģĴ󼦰ͣš˱šţ˵ж
㣡áŶСѨ˱ҵļ͡ǡ͸ˡ
˫̧ķΣƴĳ塢Ťת
㡭ˡ㡭ǱŨ̡̡󡭡áСѨɡٲˡܡҵᱻ㡭ˡϡ
ʵҲ֪кʲôЧЧֻͿУ弤ÿһ񾭣ʹȫˣšţȻſСڣһҧҵļͷϣҾһҧһʹͷ㣡Ҫˣ
˵걳һ飬ƨͦһɻҸеһɲ֮䣬ȫƺըһǣ֪Ʈη
ҹһ̣ȫһһˣ
˿Ʈ졣
˶ﵽĸ߳泩§һĿ˯ȥ


311 磨ϣ
磬1969122ڱйŮԱ1988뱱ӰѧԺϵưࡣ
1990ݳ¿ִĵӰ߱߳1992ƾӾ硶ʳǸйӽӥŮԱ1994ݡճ꡷ʱھ磬鷿һ𽥵ĺŨʱھͬ鳱Ĳ֣ϸ֬鷿ھ֮У翪ʼ
ޡ
ھŨҵ֮У޷ȴֻʵţھ棬Խлˣѩױ鷿֮ǷۺɫѾӲԲ飬ھ뿪ĴԲ°ͺǷ۵Ĳգһ·ס⣬ŪѱӲͷھû뵽ԼԵŪ֮£ȻͶһ̣ھ˷ˣЩˣһ󣬲ſԼͷȥˣѾ߳ôΣıھɵȥˣҲˣڿھŪŮ˴Ĵ̼֮ɿűͷȥǣӰǽȴʱ޿̲ٴ̼ĵ˿̵磬ھŪͷȻӲֱ֮һȦȻУҲھӵ˷ʼͣˡ
ޡ
ޡܣ㣬㻵ˣ˼ң˼ôã㣬㻹ңңܲˣҪһܲ㣬ˣҪңҪң
˽ţѩ۵ĽǲֵھĻŤһ˫˵Եѩ׵鷿ҲΪŤøӵͻ˳Ǳʵģȴھӷھ
ھһķͦ鷿ţǷ۵ͷ⣬鷿Լĸоһ˫֣ͣϢھһֻǾµСڿʱҪһ֮ڿİ֮µСɧʱոմһ˳ķ֮ءȫһһҵĸо̲סгĽ£һ˫ԲĴȣھ׽ӴԼѨȻھһǷݺ¡Ѩ֮ˬջ΢΢ɿһɵķ϶ھ׵ľ͸¡⣬ʱ䣬ھԽˣȴǷ۵Ѩ֮ϴһƬʪҺ͸͸ڿˡ
ۡ㣬ʪˣٺ١ղҵˣǲǺҪϹҸ㣬Ҫ۰㣿
ھŨʪʱ򣬲ɵԵЩ˷ܵĵЦʱߵ˶ߵھĻ㣬㻹˵Ǳģ㣬ңôЦ˼ңҪңںܣϹ죬ҪӰӰɣӰӰСѨãҪϹĴӰӰСɧ£
罿޵޾ζȴھ֮һӱ˸ŨҵɵģŪ޵Ů˵˼ӵ̰ھֲǿ㻮ŨܵëʱҲ̲סصĽŤŽζŷͦӭھĸھֿճһֻ֣һֻ֣ԼĿ䣬ھһֱӲͦĴ֮ϣʱ䣬ǹ̵Ĵ̵ִǷ۵ȻһŵصһҪߣȴھţԼϣ
ԣС˴ɻٺ٣ߣһϹҿǻҪúõƷһӰӰСļأþöûҵúõƷһϹĴأǲǺԣ
ھȴԽĽˣɵĳ˽ߵյء㻵ˣ˭ҪĴ㡭ŶŶŶ
ȴĻû˵꣬ھٴĺ촽޷ڣֻгھŪ˿̣ھ磬ɫָ˫֮දѿǷ۵ĸо̼ھŪȤӵŨһ֮ھָоһʪȣҺһӿھմʪܵģʱ䣬ʵŨˮɢһŮеϢϢӴ̼ھ񾭣ӵ˷
ҵ㣬㣬ʵ̫ˣӵζܲˣϹĴҲϹҺúõƷһҵСɧǶôζٺ١
ھЦŷſ磬ȴ˴ߣھɿϴ£ȴĿ磬ǴŨҵİʾζ类ھǰĻ̼ԵøӵĽˣء㣬㣬ô˵ˣ֪۰˼ңŻңҳ࣬డ
㲻Ľţھȴûжԥ̵Ŀھ΢΢ɬ֮㻺˴ԥһ±ھ⣬תӣƨھؿϣԼķκʪСѨȫչھǰȴſھ˫֮䣬һ˫ˮӿھ˫ȴ̼ͦĴǴִ󲨶ĸоʵˣƷζ磬˿ȴڴĵĿԽŨһ˫ӣؿڴζ
ô󣬺ˣǣζ̫̫ŨˣңҺϲ
ţɵΡΡС֣סھǴִԵߣ£ʱ䣬ھŶһ΢΢˫ۣܵĸ۵СŪԼĿУһھŻ۾һۿһβһխСķۺɫڿ㣬İм͹ѨѨмݳһѷ죬ڿˮӡʹھԿѨۺѷ죡
˿̵ھϣھһھߵĺ΢΢ͷȥ΢΢Ǻ˫ĺסھĴ˱ھ
һھϵʱʱŪţһС캬ھĴ˱ţϵ˱ھͷϵۣ콫ھͷס
š㡭ȡҺร㡭Щม
ھĴ飬˷ܵıЩҲھĻ̧֮ͷھظЦȻھĴͬʱ˲ɢҵͷ͵ͷȴھغȻһһھĸſСֽھ˽ȥʼйɵ˱ˬھòѴСͦôܸ
ˬ㣬ϹˣԣһЩ
ǿҵĿھˬܲãھòתעھְķβԼϸ˵ѨͱˮŪʪڿӡھ˷ܶˮʪмѷ죬ۺѨѷھ̲סĸڿŪϸ졣
šޡ
һߺھһš
ھѱˮĵڿ㣬ֻСµεë˿ްķֲϣۺСзˮʪ͸Ǽڿ㣬Ҳʪ͸ëƮϢҲھǳ໥ߵƣ˫ȴ󿪣һҵľ󣬴Ӻɫëۺ죬ھʤգ΢΢ſСѨڶھϸţƬƵ֮£ǵų޵ĺɫѨڸڳõˮ
ھָµѨŪţƬ͵÷ʷʺСھرĵطھʳָѨòţһᣬѨȵİ͸ҺھָմҺ塣
มšܡ졭ɧѨมš硭ܲˡ


312 磨У
ĻھѨĶҲΪĿŪŪŪһֻĸһ˸ˮɧεſھϣС£ʹھָܸѨ
ĺϹˣ졭šСѨܲˡ㡭ɧѨɡ
ץסھĴŪţڵȫȼţʹԭ浾񼢿ĵ㣬СѨˮҲָĲŪйš
ܲˡܡม졭㡭šߡԡԣ͡ˡҪˡ
˷ܵ˽֮ھѨǷͷſѨѷ죬ͷò˱ɰ٣ⲻŤʹнȣסھԴʶԼķνʪѨھϡ
ܡɧѨมš㡭ûŶԣСѨޣˬˬŶͷͷˣСɧˣޣˬ졭Ҫɡมˡ
̲סһھĴƵţھŹͷſС캬סھŪ˱ھھʪѨһҵζھ죬۾˵ɧѨůķֱˬˡ
šܵĴô֡óϲˡھġ
ˮͣĴѨ˳ھճˣ粻ϵͲУھ촽˱Ƿ³˱ҧǿС٣ֲʱͷѨŪš
ม
ھٽְսƨɣͷͣϸ۷۰׵βҲĥƨѩ۵ļŪţҲƨϸţȻͷͱȥŪţݼ̲ס˫ȶţСѨϵйһˮһɹɻˮʪĿھ
ˬĺھšɷ򡭡ø硭򡭡ˬˡˡšɷϹޡ㡭粻ˡңŶ
罿˽еҹžķʱҵϢ㺹졢ţھǵôֳĴͷţھ֧ӲСĹͷ͸Һ
ھСѨˬһ㡭졭СѨˬˡˡšҪɡҪɷĴɡ
˵ҲƲסڵſھĴ˼ʵĴھϷɵڴϣָֿѨϵͬʱܵſ˫ȵ˵ӰӰĺϹ졭ݺĴѨɣҪŶŶŶŶ
͸䴰¹⣬ھڴſȵھ磬ϸ㷢Ʈɢԣ߹ԸеĽſҸΣʷ鷿ڽϸ۵ǰŷۺɫͷͦţϷԲԲ̵ƨɣСƽ̹Ƥ󻬣Բ˫ſ֮䣬ʪǷɧ¡ֳ΢΢䶯ϵСɧ£ջ󣬿ھǳȻ̰
ٺ١ҵ㣬ҪһµһΣ𣿡
ѩ׼款Σھɵ˫Ź⣬һ˫ΡΡı鷿ھ˵Ķ֪ΪʲôÿҪСѨʱϲõһռǸƣ
ھĻʱǳ鳱ӵĻģɵ˵һαھռеΣ˫ȻһˮЩճյ૵㣬Сɫǣ֪ˣҪƣ࣬ˣ
Ȼ˵пĹâѾģ˿ֻ̣ҪԼС˸Լʲôν£ǳεһֱھĿݣƿԵγˮھͷһɵٴЦٺ١ҵ㣬ɣ
ھĻɬͬʱг˱ҵڴǼɴ˴Ȼǽߣھ˶漷ѹϣǳ̧ȡʱ䣬˶˽𼦶ƣ޵ŮˣھŪý޵۾ҿԼСˣȻھǻ̵ʱʱԼܱߣŪĸ޷ƽɵɬܡһһҪ𣿶࡭˰ңƣңҡ~
˰죬Ҳ˵Ļÿ˵Һѳܣǻߣȴ˵ڣӵڴıھ


313 磨£
ٺ٣㲻ϹҸӵ۰𣿶ôƣҵƸӵջŶϹúõƷСɧŶ
Ц˵ţھĿȵĵͷǱԼ̧ȱ¶СѨʱ䣬Ƿ̺ⶴڱ㱩¶˳һӣھڵһεıˣɵ˷ܵԼǴִͦסѨ
ڴɣˣһúõҵ㣡
ĥǷ۵СѨĸоھȻһ˫˲˷֮£ҲԸԼѾˣ˿̱ǻ̵һĥֱŪĵ鳱ˮԼСˣŽߺͿɵһ
һ̣ھĴϢţԼѨڣȻֻ̡
ھһͦѾ޴ȥһ롣
ܡ㡢ʹңȻȻҪǣҵﻹܽխ㣬̫ˣִ֣̫ңҳܲôͣ㣬㡭ȻȻ岻桭š

ʹھҲɵһȷʵԴŮ֮ԼŮǱСѨɽޱȣøողİĺûһ˿϶һ㣬һ̣ھдˬͬʱֶһ˿ϧȻ˿ǵھȴ޷ԼͣΪչѨĽխ̶ȣھҪӿŵѨһ̣԰Ҳǽ˫ڿա
һ̣˫ȴֿѨҲ࣬ӣھоѨ֮΢һ㣬ҲͲסˣȻֻ̡ͦ
һǴ̵ִѾȫȥˣҵĹᴩʱʹˬ͵ȫ޲ǽҲʼΡŤһ˫۽ھĲӣǴ˿̱ǽխѨˬھȴ˿ͣЪĿʼͦԼζޱȵѨ֮пʼ
ơáġСѨˬҡšĸҡҡҵҵС˺þˡܡ㡭̫ˡޡˡ̫ˣ
˫ֻھľӿʼ˽С
ܡ㻹ôŪˡ̫ˬˡޡҡ㣡һ㡭ԣ̫˷ˡˬҡⱲҸŮˣ
ھǾ޴ĳ£һ鳱ڱӿţɵĽԽԽһʧȥǶׯʣĺһĵһ㣬ļŤѩ׵βھŵİʶԼƨɵѨĳиͼѰһƽھ
ھ˫ǽϣǳĽѩ׵ɫ󣬷۶ޣǾķ羰κ˿Եֿһ̣ھĵļ̰ɵھͷȻſҧѩ׺ı鷿ϣھſںͷ˱ҧģСѨĴҲϵĳš
ࡣܣҪô˼ҵ鷿ŶŶŶ㣬˼ҵѨаҡҪ졭ĸҵġģԡԡûˬӰӰˣ̫ˣȥܿҪйˡ߳ңҪ߳
ھǿ͵ĳ֮УСѨﱻɵˬһһϣӹҲһһеļھĴͷˮϵھɧ˵ĽɵŨԼĴͷӹҧ˱úǧСһŪһ㣬˶ˬй˵ֻҪӵһЩĸСɧ£һ̣˫ŨҵһеͦŴСѨг塣
أޣܣ㣬̫ˡء̫ˡˬŶŶŶ塭ĺѽӹˣŶŶŶģɶˣˬھҰɣҵС¶ģԶǣ㣬Ҫɾң
˿̵ھȴĵǽϣǽխСѨĳţɵʵ˽ŸǳԶİڶΣһһµŪھ˷֮¸ǲʱı۾ĿУھҲ˳ڶ
šھĴˣҵСѨˬĺˣھ㣬ŪҰɣܲˡššššѽˬӰӰˡ
ھǴִѸ͵ĳ֮£ɵ绶˫ֻھĲӣʼСѨŪھĴǷ鷿Ҳļ˶ͣ»ζšھĿ̰ĵͷſںס鷿Ū
Сܡ̫ˬˡɵҺˬСѨˡءĸŮˡ桭졭𣿡
ھ˷֮мŴϢĻӦ
áҡĸ㡭Ҳ䡭졢ССѨĺɧҺ桭
ھôһ˵ҲӷСѨŪھĴ
šޡ󡭡ѡӰӰСĺáóʵšˡม㲻ˡšҵĴˣҪйˡ
ǿҵĿУѸ͵ĳ壬ÿһζֱӹɵõ˽ųĽھھĶ䡢Ӽ촽ھӵĿԸܵĿҰСѨھɵˮԽķˣˮĽ֮ʸھĴȶմĹ


314 磨꣩
ˬĿдϲϵĴ̼ھɵļѹ۵ĽͦŴĳǳˮѨۺۻԽԽļǱɵĽʵİھ
ŶŶŶһЩأиоɷ򣬺ϹĸŮˣңңأҺˬСѨСѨˣҪйˣҪйˣϹңҪ߳Ұɣءޣ
ھԽԽĳֻ֮Ѩ֮ҪĿУĲɵ۾˽֮ǷβǽŤĸӿҰھѨȻʵĿУ֪ŮѾ˸߳ıԵɵĸӵ̰ĳСɧͬʱ鷿ȫеļ֮䣬ھѨеĸӵˬ˷֮ңٴμӴ˳ȣ˿̣õ˫ۣ˫ѩ׵Ĳϳų۵Ĺǽ鳱ĺˮ
ܡ硭š̫ˬˣ̣ˣ
Ľ̼ھĸйھʪĻģÿھײ۵Ⱥ۵Сɵӭϵķ֮УɢҵͷʼҡΣӵĴ̼ھĳ
ھϹҪҪˡ죬ٿһ㣬ˣҪˣޣˬҵСˣŶˣҪˣ̫˷ˣ
һø߿ĻھֻǽѨȻ漴һȵˮȫҾ֮Уڴﵽ˵һθ߷壬˿̣ĸ߳ĸоɫŮ۾ھǽϽ
㣬ˬˬ
ھ˫տǽϣ˿Ǿ޴ĲСѨ֮ڣǿ͵ĳУܿﵽ˵һεĸ߳һ̣Ŀ߳ճյھǿӣɵָһھ漴˶§ھ૵ˬĺˬңҵĴˣңһҪ
һ̣Ҳûһ֣յ˼ֻҪԼС˸ҵ۰Լھ⻰ɵһЦ޵ݣǾӨļǰһ˫壬ʵ̫ջˣھԽʵûеõ㣬ɵĿ̰ĿĿ૵㣬õǶôã˵ҾС¶ôʵ̫˷ˣңҪúõƷҵζ

˷ܵ˵ţھ΢΢˲ǽڣȵ˴ϣѹ˴֮ϡ
˿̵ھ˵֮ھ׽ӣѹڴϣϵͷ۾һֱ촽ھס촽Ʒζ֮ǰͷ쵽ⲻϵͷͷˬ֮²ɵصĽţһ˫ĵӳ˻ĳճտһƷζԼСк漴ĺھͷһ顣ھͷͷȴҲھͷ쵽ھھ˱ͷ
ھоѵ飬вɵٴε˷ˣǴСѨ֮תĥĥѨʱĳ鶯ھ˫֣˫棬ǱȵĸоھĿʼ
š
ڱŪ֮䣬ɵĶ
ԼŪ֮˵Ķ֣ھеĵ˲ٵ㣡Ϊһ˫Լͦ鷿ץˬĸо̼ͬھӽʵ鷿ˣھҵĴţʱͷǺͷӲޱˣ֮˵ķ飡
šš
ķӦԽԽǿңԽǿңǲŤԼСѨβҵתĥھ̼ھĵˬھɵҲתӿ˳ٶȣ
˫ۣĳ͡ھҵ촽ּĳ֮Уֱľӣһֻ鷿ھ˳Ӱ鷿ھͷһֱͷͷ˱ţͬʱھҲ𽥵ļӿٶȵĳ͡
šܡ硭ˬ̫ˬˣޡǿңֿ֣ǿҵĿˣɷ򡭡ҡİŶ
翪ʼегˡ
˶ǿĽ֮УھˮŰСѨͬʱǵͷȥͷ촽ͷھҲһӿٶȣһַĳͣھҪ׵ĵȼ
Ҫͣá̫ˡŶŶŶܡҡĸңңҡҺҪװġ˼ҡá졭
ھаЦĿűԼɵԵЩ磬ҲĿ촽ȵĻӦͷھ˱ھͷ̰ŪԽŨҵļ֮Уھ޹˼ɵļйڡ͡͡͡
ĸѨϣҼˡһʱ䣬̼ھĳ鶯š
ޣˬ̫ˬˡ˼ҵӹˡޡġ̵ˡ̫˷ˡ硭ûŮ˵Ϲ㡭̫ˡءҪҪ࡭ŶŶŶŶŶҰɣļ°ɣ
ھ𽥵ļӿٶȣɵ˵ϸ˸ĺΣԵΪԵ˽ţھŨ԰˫ȼԼļϣѨ̧ߣʱʱǳʱʱĳ͡
มܡھðŮСµĴءˡġˡŶŶŶŶ
ھϳУϵİǴִ嵽СѨھĹͷѸ͵ĳвϵײӹɵȫҵľ֮ˬ˫˷ܡ
硭㣬ɵҵСѨˬԼ˸ԭôҪƮˡأãҵģҵСɧ£Сɧģĺѽˬܲˣ磬㣬ãõСɧ£Сɧˣ
޼鳱֮УһѾɵͬĸʨһ㣬ǹ˲һе߳ˣֻҪйֻҪѰ۰ھеôھҲĿĻȵĳ˷̲ܵסʣٺ١ҵ㡭ϹǲǺܰϲϲҸ㣿Ը⣬ңһӸ𣿡
ھĻԽԽѸ͵ĹɵСɧԽĲˣۺɫĳб֮⣬Եǰ࣬ͷҵĹ֮У˶۷ĿУ˷֮˽̫ˣҵϹðҡҺðϹĴðԺҪÿ춼ôҡҵСɧ¡ҡҪ㣬ҪĴҰɡҵСɧ°ɣޣ
˽֮иҵҡԼѩ׵ķͦſǷۺɫӭھ͵ĳ壡һĳ˳СѨӿģԽĻˣ
˿̵ھᵽĿУǿҵĳУǾƷСѨȻͻȻ˱㣬ھÿһĲѨ֮к󣬶ᴫѨǿҵ𶯺֮УھǾ޴һ֮Ѩ֮ڵǿҵİӹǻĴͷǿҵ˱ţּʵĸоھֻȫĺë׶ſˣ
ּˬĸоھڱھѨ֮Ȼ仯ʱҲ˷ܵȫ֮һ˫Ȼھͷıס˫֮䣬ͦ壬͹ⴽͣĶײӭھĳÿһζھĴȥھÿյӭӣֻ֮дˬޱȣǷ۵Ѩ֮һҧסͷǸĢͷİţڼɬĳᵽǿҵĿУ
硭ҡҡˬ̫ˬˡҵġҵСɧ¡СɧºҪˡҪˡܲˡܲˡɡɡҵСɧ°ɡҪˡСѨڿһЩһЩŪҰɡҪˡҡˣ
һ̣ǿҵĿд̼ĶԵøӵˣһ˫޳۰׵ĳȦסھҪھжһ㣬ھζУҲԽԽˣÿһζԼĴĲӹɵӵĸ߿ˣһ˫ѹھƨɵھĲ룬ǿ͵԰֮Ƿβĥ̰ҡתŪھѨһ㣬ӹſⴽİס֮ĥתֿкһ˲Ŵʮϰٱһ㣡
ܡɷ׸磬ءءأˣ̫͡ˣ̫̼ˣҡҵġСɧܲˣʵ̫ǿˣҪˣҡҸоԼҪһ㣬㡭ˣҵСºˬҵסɷ򰡣㡭ЩٿһЩŪҰɣҸ߳ɣɡˣҪˣһЩˣŶŶŶŶŶܲˣңˡѽ
ھٴѸ͵ĹᴩɧµʱȻһʱһ߿ޱȵĽھֻѨ֮ɲʱһɹ̵ھͷϣھʱͷƤһ飬һͷУȻЩͲסĸоɵɫ΢΢һ죬һʱͻȻͺһ
Ŷ㣬㣬ˮö࣬ңҲܲˣ㣬㣬ҪСɧ£
ͺ֮УھȫҵĲвɵٴμӴ˳ٶȣʱ䣬ļСѨ֮УھǴִҲ̲סˣش򿪣һɹɹ̵ľҺ͵ŨȫѨӹʱ䣬̵ֹľҺ̵صĽţ
类̵ʵţһ˫ˮӱ貵Ĺ˷֮£͵ӣıסھǺ˫Ҳ鲻Ƶ̲סſסھ촽ѩ۵֫ľھӣ


315 Ůϣ
࣬1976929ںʡУ壬йŮԱ
1995꿼ϺϷѧԺϵӱ༭רҵ1997¿ֹ
ھŮҲܸȤʩչϵ취Ǳˡ
ʱھ§Լ˵ǲҪô࣬һġ
ҲףԼҪ죬˳ھԸˣһһɡ
˵оһֻǰʱûκεķǱ۾ûб˸ŪӣҲ˵ϵĴ̼ڱɷ˸ŪǱȵӴľϵĴ̼ʹѹֵ
ھ꣬еָӿ۷е룬ƤֱӵĽӴɷ˵壬ʹɵЩʼ鲻Խؽǻزָ˾Υ飬ӱ֪ѾھĻ
ھٸɢ㣬̲סŶЩ촽˫ĽӴ紥ľѣֵĶ㿪ˣ˵㿪ҲֻתͷѣȻھĻ
ھһֻֽ⿪ǰ¿ۣһֻ§סͷתԼе̫ǿĵֿתͷͬʱӡ˫ϣͷ촽š
죬ھͻȻץס鷿Ľ˳ھʱĽͷ
һŮ˵ʱͻĿǻͻѨѣһŮ˵ĿǻͻˣӼˣرǶɷŮ˸ˡ
еͷԼǻĻ·ռһһ³׵ʧȥ֧ţբѾ򿪣ͷĺھͷһ𣬸е鷿ϵһ˿ʹְס˶Է֡
ھ۵ĶʡߵĶѱھ§ס˿ܶˡھԸеɻ󾪻֮ʣһֻʥŮ塭
ھס˫һֻѾ⿪¿ۣ½޷۵ķ飬һֻ鷿ѾھѹϣɳɫκͿʼվͷھʱʱ֡
š
ߵһ̣һߺ㡭𡭡š֡
ھִֻ۽ʥŮϣһֱĳวţٸĽٸСƾھ׳ţܰھħơһ𣬷һãóʱδй˸ԼˣδԼͦŭʥŮ壬ھôһ࣬ɵ彿Ľޡ
ھƵĴ࣬յ𽥵ľۼʼھȥºȹӣϴ׺ɫϲġ
ɫԲļֱֱİо£Ե鹵ԭͻԲʵ鷿ԵҪֶĸͷ״ɫ˿Ű鷿
ԱصͬɫڿȲչ¶ţԷ˶ССɰ׾ĽţɲŨܵĺӰ΢΢Ĺ𣬼΢ľëڿ¶̵ͦƨɣʵССʱһֻ£ͣǺӰ͹
ʱѾھĻУھ⿪ֵĺۣԲ鷿һ¶鷿һӴеһ˿⣬Ů˵ıܺסɫ
ھĵวʽ۵ʥŮ壬ھ쵽˫ͣСѲôоˣңھǸʷϵḧǽεСǺԽԽءԽԽ٣ߺͷذڶѱھ޹ǣҲڲͣػھš
ߺˡھ֣סеԵʥŮ壬ŪŪǽС۵ͷߵرλðۡ
ھǿϵ·촩źɫ˿֣͸Ĵ岼ϣϡԿƯͦʥŮ壬޺ɫͷֻǰ͵סһ룬¶ԵΡھǿ֡ʥŮܴԲԲģͷСһŷۺɫӣңʮھſˮ̰šţͣعͷһֻץĦһֻʥŮ塣ܿ죬ͷӲ εھļϡھ˱סǽ۵ͷšҪ
ھӵ˫ָʥŮϣھͷ˵㣬ԸС
û

ھһ湿ϸ֫һЦС˶ھþˣþûǶζ˰ɣҰ
һߺھԻһаѩСƾĵǿļ
ھ״ûм촽˵ĺ󾱣ȥɧɧ̼񾭣һ˿Ž¸ѨھۼȴȻŵ˲
š
һߣее㴭þûһԼôӽһɳ˵ĺζֱ͸ģеͷһΡھֻеľɫٸһٸеƢ޾ɫ崿ߺԽԽɫ죬Ƭ̣ڰĿУζ˿ھǰӳµáϸļĵķաʷ۵ʥŮ塢ӯӯһյͻķΣ ʥŮǰҡţɢŮޱԸе̬ھĵһ˱ǽ۵ͷһ͵͵ȹ һšҪѽ
ھСϣֺڸǵ鷿֮䣬ھӲͷʳָָĸָץϸ⣬ٴν촽ӡ˫ϡ
һûκεĶ෴ĽͷھĿУھֽ鷿ߣԭڸͷ˫֣ѾĴھ䡣


316 ŮУ
ھейɻȵđjھţھǰļӿŮеζھĶӣ˫ߺصͷһεΡߴӵģ ػ㣬ھھۣھаؿḶֻ̌ƽ绪˵ʱѪš 󼱴ٵĴϢҲͣڰšߵذĽ˽ھš ھԲķ飬ͷ޵ӣŪ
ʥŮǵôһЩͷ񺬰ŵĻ䣬޵ھõ˷ʢʳʥŮִһļ¶߽Ƶغߵš㡭
ھЦţСˣˣ
ܵСɧɫջھٴ۵Ĵȥѽ
ţнĴȣھĵϷ⽿ٸھ׳Ķ֣ǰ۵Ĵѱھǿ
ھŪϸĴ⣬⫵صϷٸšû
ھһֻּԵ鷿һֻ֮䣬ָͣڴȸһ̶ķֿ˫ȣھֱеʧȥѹӿɵ
һϹԱصĺɫ˿Ŀôɳϣһȴɳߣ˺ھĴϣͷɳķ֣һֻͷھĿС
ͷſ̰ȡԴ˲ѨɵĴȱ
ھּٸϸ۵Ĵڲ࣬ϻȥСãķݡš
ߵһ̣һߺ 𡭡𡭡š֡㡭
ţھĴȸҪϲ£ھָ˽ȥ⿡Ů۵СѨ
㣬еԼѽԼˣĽĽھĵϷŪ£ȫеһδйĿ⡣һ˿Ŀ⽥ǿֱ͸Ժȫɵһ޵Сߵͨ죬þδй˸صСѨھวһֱ͸ٸģ·ֱ͸ӹ
ھеԽԽȣٸľɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ٣ھ⫵ؼɫ崿˵μˣһھеٸСѨʪˣھϲ֡ Ѩʪ۵ģճճɧˮմھָٽ۵Ѩ죡 ٸޱȣѽٵھġš
Ҳ޷ھĵϷֻðͷھĻȲ濪۷ĴȣƾھŪѨ⡭
Ѩָϵչδµǻڣ΢ʹϵķ󻬵ҺΥĸоСɳϰȳƵĴ΢΢Ĳ鷿ϴʱʱ޵ʹʹܵǿĿС
ޡ֪룬ѱѹһ԰졢ͦʥŮ循ʧΧֻһƬ׵Ŀѣѩϣֻߴ¶˵ʥŮ嶥ˣһΡ̺ͷѩк߿ŵĻӭ˳۹⺬ţ΢΢ߺ߲ѣûüסԼ콿ͦ飬ѱھһںסһֻʥŮ壬ɵ㡣ھᶨһѳٸСãߵȻеһɫĵٸһ˿ˣ
ھһ˿ҵɳϣٸǷ۵㾧Өѩȫھǰھٸķ΢͹ĽĹĹȣòɫɵһ  񻬡޳ķȸһ鵭΢ķݽߵڸһ˵񹵡 һʥŮ覡֬Ůغɳϣھ˷ܵѹȥһִӲĻ̵ľضСϣٸķһš
һ֣ߵøˣţطš ھһ溬סһֻѩ۵飬˱ۺ콿۵⣬һֻסһֻͦ۵꣬һḧǰϸۡӨ͸ѩ崿ߵľɫϸỬƽСָѿٽٸַ۵СѨ

һȶߵС̺ӣʼٸĵĵһκ߽ɳ ھ޹ǵĽᱡһþδ˲ٵķɧٸľرֻ֣ȵḧòɫķɧٸǽ۵Ļꡣ ھٸǿŽɬķġһֻٸǽյ̺м䣬һΡΡӨ塢ճɧ˴ˮԽԽ࣬һٸ¶ճھһ֡㣬ߺ죬֪ΪʲôԼʪھᶨٸһ˿ҵİɳϣ 
ԺһƬհףɬޣ޷һڶĽھЦŰǰ۷ĴɴΣֻϡČë£ھ˼ҹСɧی¶ˣ
ھ̰Ƿ۵СѨָֿƬ۵Ļ꣬¶ǽС۵ѨѨֺۣ¶ǲی¶⣬ھȻָٽȥۻСѨھָھָŪַ۵СѨ⣬Ѩöճȵɧˮֱǽ۵ľջصĽѨڱھŪˣ
еͣѹõڴøǿңĻȼǣʼУҲҸ¿󱳵ĵطһţ˼֪ʲô
ıǼӲģΥڴʹеǶΰĵΣ֪ζɷǲģܿͱһΪ˶ӵĽƽ


317 Ů£
Щеת˸ھĸһԺɶɵζǻеٿǴȱ̰紺ҩζͬʱеѨڵɧ
ھӣ¶΢ЦԿ϶˽Ů˻е˷ܣɵĽ⿪ӣͬڿһÿӳªĶѻڽűϡ
ھѿʱ۾ͿŤɳϣ۾ĿƶǸȽԺиʮӡʱĿⲻƶܵʹתͷһѾʹڴĶ˽⡣
ķӦھе⣬ץסļϣȫȥ󽫷¡
ǰҲɷԹȻɷÿζҪ󣬵ûųеϲڿڽᵽζʱͷĴϣǹŨζЩѳֲסˡ
ھֽͷŤתʱֻǱܵһ£ǸľȻûԳݵİͼϾлŮĸϻǿҵڴ
ʵھչֵĲǷǳִģӦеķʱ˵ڳõû£ϵ룬˸еǰиôΰ
ھֱֽľѹ촽е㷢ϵͷĦ΢˫ֵĶھһֵֻѹھִŵŬİ£ͷſأ˳Ľ˿ǻ
ʪȵĸоھһ£ʱҲ֣ͷųѪͷھſѹƵ֣鷿ָסͦͷͷ֮Ťת
۾ÿǻĸоŪŲľʶĽ˫ȣԽԽܵɧͬʱž˫ӿĻٶȣһֻΪ˸õĿƾĽǶȣס˾ĸ
ھžϴ飬ϵҲڼǿŰƵĵץ࣬۵÷ۺ죬ھе˿еӣΪ˸ĸоֹļ
ھԼվڽĿѵȥһȣø첲̶Ҹ£һȹɳϣóĿ⿴ǳ̬һַסеʹľ׼ǳѪ΢ŵ۴꣬ͷ˳ѷ컬ĦŻ۵۴ꡣ
ܿͷͱĴˮ֭ûھûкܿĲ룬Ĵ̼еɧ£ϵļʶŤͼʹڡ
ھһ߶ܣһĿŤԽԽеŤ˵ɧĥЩε߳ܶϵ˫ۣ˲ѯʣھǴʱһίξȻʹǿҵڴ
ڴףƺڴԷԼĴֻ̼ӳԼĸоǴʹһҪӵڴָоɢһʹȫ쳣
ھĿ⣬˵ң
ھ·ڵһʱ̣ûʣʲô
·һ±ȥһɱū۵ӵĿеȫûжٴ˵ҡ
ʱ̣ھһͦ貿Ļ˵ʱ׺ݵĲ嵽˵ףܾĽоѨ䶯ͻȻĹᴩһץסھߵֱۡ
ھܵĽӣԵĽֻͷʪ۴ʱ͵ٴһ嵽ף̲ס˲ҽУھ˳ŮζŮˣ쳣˷ܣԼܵõôһŮ˶е˷ܡ
ھ編ƵΣ͸еδйĿȫɢǰ˸Լȫͬɷĸоÿʱǿҵдӹǻɢ̶ȫ
ھĳ̾Ϳʼ׼ǿҵĳ֪ٴκʼʱͿʼڴĳ
ھһֻҵĴۣСֱͦһӣСڣ¿һ˵ĺġʱҧأ˿ھȼ
ھߺ콿Ū۷壬ʵͣھһǰ˴೤ִӲľպɧˮҡһ  ݺHǷʪСѨ

߽ھ§סһ˿ҡ⻬ϸѼӲľֺضȽʪĽСĹסǽỬӹڣH ھĳ̶һΡ鴤ĹҲزǴֱȻխĹǽʪճĤһ˱ƵĲơ
ɧٸ޳񻬵İ͵𡢽ֱҲİӹһճıٸ
ߺ죬Σߵؽ񴭡ھռòɫķɧٸ
ھţһɧٸһ͵齻š꽻ͳŮýϵĿУԵ˲࣬ɵκ죬ΣٸĽ㡣
ھѹ޹ǡһ˿ҵĽϣ̧ͷµλɫͨĽ̡ӲͦĽͦʥŮͷۺ첪ͷŵ㺹Ϣа󷢣ڽϸϸ㣬ȻеǱԼĽѨʪİҺеľһ߲һе˴ִľزԼСĹУڳ šᡭ㡭š
ɵÿʼת
ֻеࡡǰô󣡡
ͨ죬㺹˿Ľ²ѡھ֪ɧٸЦ㡭ˡ
˫ֲھĲӣֻѩĴҲסھɣھ˵ 㡭ϰһ¡ͺˡ
ھеСѨеýģһɿֵĵ͸ھȫھůϣʣ 

˵
ѽ
ҾҪ˵㲻˵ҾͲHˣ
ھЦŵϷ
š˵˼ҵСѨ
˵꣬ķߵͨ졣죡ѽȾҡ
ɫͱھֱ̿ˮ
ھڵϣһ־ٸһȣڼϣһץסӲֱͦÿҪըľȥĦѾʪܵ黨١סҪеĳ嶯˫ۣǰһӭɲǼȵľѾûҺѨˡ
มá֡ม
һ˲䣬üֱͦǱɷҪһľٴγʵѨʹֻڲ˲ѣͷѾʪĤѨʱȫ漴ĿУڵˡ
Ҫˡมมม
ţҲ˲ԼھĳٶȻֻҪһˣ⼷ѹ޷Ʒھĳ鶯ٶȱ죬ļѹΪأͦڣٸѵ޷ƵĵزԽѨľĻȴյȫա
ԡ졭ٿһ㡭ҡɷŮˡมˡมˬˡ
ھˣҪٴδﵽ߳壬Լϣ˵ɷλھԼ⻹һγԵλء
ɷŮˣԼڶ֦ɣ
ھ·Ѿøˡ
ม
ھܵĴִľֵѨʱ𻨱ѵĿȫʶ£㷢ԾΪᣬʼ°ڶµİڶɼĴˮ֭鷿ҲšΪǴӲͬĽǶȲ룬ʹ˯δ֪ԸдܵĿУٸڡ
ھץסµĳšԼѾ޷ԼˣȫǿҵĿʴҵھϣ̧βһһµķ׶š
ھŪһŻζķ飬ҲݺݵĳͶѨǷѩ׵壬ͣҡţǰֻͦʵ鷿ŪҡøС
มô֡óมมˬšˬˡܲˣ
ŮĸȻֻ
ھĻ˷ܣ׶ΣܵǰδеĻ䣬ҵסİڶžĳ壬ͬʱѷزͦھ˫֣ƴŪҡݣ㺹ˣӹһǿҵĿг弤ȫһŨȵİҺھͷϡ
٣ˬˣˣԼˬȷֿ㣬Һúѽ
ﲻܿ
˫ȴԾطֵøˡ
ﵽƮƮɵĸ߳ıסھͷھ˱鷿ͻȻ˾

ͻĿʱʴӣھַסʱɵأ˵е˳ӵվڴ
ھס磬վתɳķ
ƨ̸һ㡣
ְɳͻ˷ƨɣھ˫ס
Ĺɼܵȵľҷֿھվĺ˫§סѾ׼ʪѨ
̣
һھز˽ȥ
ھ鶯տʼҲǰҡšھҸ˫ֽס鷿һ𱻽ţǿйᴩȫھָȻɿ飬ʱеˬ÷죬Ҳߣھѱˮ֭ûˣ˴ˮ֭Ĥͷ䲻ʱײġžžھϽ಻ϵǰš
Ҳˡมˡม졭มˬˡɵġҺˬมˬˡ
ٸڱ˵Ļ
ʹھ˫ַβؽӺ󷽿ٵزѨųٶȵļӿ죬¶ƿĻڲϵرɷھľ޴ᴩţĿָѸͣȫǺˮ鷿ʱıھӱţȫӲͦ
ٸ
һУھӾܵⶴﵽ߳Ρ
ڼ֮ھ鶯̧ȣ巭תķתҲѨĥת˰Ȧ߳ѨھεѨҾΣѨļסӹҲסھ˫쵽˫ϣ
มมʲô
ɳƵš
Ǿȥô㣿
ҪҪҰ
ΪΪе
㻹ô˼˵ʲôʲô
ھЦűڰ߶ʱִľԲѨ߶ִľҲų鶯šѴﵽ߳ÿһ߲еĿУȻ鶯ķȲڻͬʱȴ޵øӽΪҲ
˫ȼнھ鷿ѹھظˮ۾
㣬ȴϰȫף𣿡
ʵ̱ھϡ
ھĹʣԾؿһٸ׹ǵسһֻԲΣЦ𼱣ˬʹġ
ھѴͷסĻѨůֽѨѼͰý ھľͣ³ֱֱ롣ϷӭھĶˮȱ̵ĺˮϵĴѨ̺ͣϡ
ھЩܲƵģӿÿһγײƵʣ˫ץ鷿֪ҰݺݵꡢŪŲϱ任״鷿
ھǿ̢֮±йֻˬḺ̌࣬һʱ֪˼ãھУС첻סᴭղסֻ˶һǬƵģĶÿտҲʲô޷ȥ룬Ӹʲô޷о֮߳ĪΪ
Ӹ߳лָŸоԼָھځѳ˸˵ģôҲû뵽Լ⸱ģֻ᾵ԼչŮĽľչֵ֣ľɫգϴ㼡ѩһ˫֮ͦϣ͵ļҪ˿ھԼǾΰľ޼Լ϶Ϊһھ˽ϴ֣Ͼ롣
Ҳ̬ˣչ§סھľӣһƫԼ죬֪ԼղŲźݺйһأԼڵھȴһԱߵֵܿδתԼֵúúھһأҲ֪йʲôģֻ뾡ȫھ϶ΪһҲûκηֱڰԼĽȴôҲ̲סھĿҲ԰ˡ
㣬ô׸˵
ھһƷеɵͷСڿвס裬ζһͷظоŵ飬㼡ûһ粻ûһ粻Ů˵⡣ھԭȵû뵽һȥɬ֣ˣ˵ʮǡʮ绢أڵ粻֪ѹ˶ãŮһֻ߳һ˸Ϊţȴû뵽Ÿպݺݵйһأôֻظ˱ĹжסսŮӣǵׯֵŮͬһˡ
˱ֻнҺסӿ֣ס˱̴ڣ˵ζ԰Σؽ֮ˮγȥҪܽӶĿ꣬Լ֪ʲô
ʵԼҲ֪ھζ㣬˶֮Уڽйδй֮ʸھһݵģޱȵرһ¿йʵĹֵ˿һ㺹޴ڲ֮УƵعھľ֮ϣµʵܲסһصˣҲ֪ôţһ־Լĳ嶯ϣٳٶȰԼŪйҲ޷˵Լһūе³
ð㡭ˡŸոйôۼġôˡ
òǵĹˣھɿ˳Եķ㴽ݣӲ᾵еԼֻ˿̾иһĻ˻棺ŵȵһ׳ľͷס֭Һһ·ƽԡ㺹֮УиĺۼһԸʽͦ壬죬ŷ嶥Ž͹󣬸˵Ƕĵ֮ˮ飬£һֻʴ˒ժ̬
˵ھˣԼҲΪĶվҲģ˿̾ر¶ǰؽǰвסһǰ˫˵ĸ߷ӸͦһҲĹиеĥǻ̵ľгŻŵҲǻ˶Ʊ̰ȣһһֻȴʩĸء
áܡ㡭ôſ˼ң
һ汻Լе̬յĻŭţһµھҲʵǾ治ӳͣʵȴĥеܵأһŤĥһ߽ھͷסһҵǣһ潿ϣܡ㡭㿴˼ҶŪģˡ㻹׽Ū˼ң
ô׽Ūأ
ھЦţѵˮƵ˼ڣסŤҡ˵ĻϵȴһӸģݏڸúұֳһ棬Ҿɵθڣ㵱Ϊֹոйôݡô֪ܲܵˡǲǣ
й֮󣬾սֱǸҪŪū˽ȫܵõǰľһ㲻©ر¶ǻߣÿһ綼ջھɵҡ񵴣΢һѽѹſŪ֫ſѩһ̣ѾھǿشӺ湥˽ҵĳ۷ѩθͦسַһҵػг
סھȵͷһҡƨɣһӭھĳ壬ھѨֽȣʹ켫ˣܵļнھеޱȵĴ̼ʹͷһԴ˱УµŮĸ룬ھܿ㵽˵߷壬һ͵һԴڵһ㶼ͽڡ
ĶѱǿҵĿռ졢߳ҪŶһԴ»ȵĴ̼鴤˶̱ˣһԴʱй뾫Һˮ齻ڣ۵нϵĲλҲѷֱ˴ˡ
ѨнУʱѾеֺ߳ܣ˫ֲıסھԼǣͬʱȼձ÷ۺĽ׵ţȽĹھĴȣԷֹ뿪
˾ӵţŲͱ룬ܵĿУȫ֮ǰ˵İһ°Ķ
ãھɵ˫£ʪŢľܵûϵѨɿһ˿ˬʹһ´Ӹ߳ʧлָܵļн˫ȣδ˵˫Ŀھ
һҸͷ


318 ǱѸϣ
1991꣬л굼ݵĵӰĹիӰ̳1998꣬24Ѹݵ¦ǵĴݺӡðʵӰӰ󼰷ռǱ˽
ŮˣھŹʱڣھѸٺһЦһǰѸ§ڻ濪˿ȿڴϣͷԼеѸĽë΢Ĳţεĺ촽ʹûκδΣȻӨˮҪζϵͷѸĺ촽
˫Ӵһ˲䣬ؼݷûκֻб˴˵صڶߣݷйɵͨ˱˴˵壬ֱÿһϸΪ֮òѡ
ԣھϣһ̿㡣ԼͷߵѸ߲ѵĺ촽Ҫͷץࡣ
ϧѸǵĹʵ̫òײھࡣ
ѸѾ¶ӣټֵഺ٣÷ǳУھһɵȫ嶼Ĺҵھϡھ§ϸ˫Ѿʼʵǰ˫ָʵ˫ʱѸŵ͵͵ķ
Ѹһ㵭ķۺɫκһ֬ɫ˺ߵգ紺ʢһޡ
ϴھԼϵֻѸȫھ˫ҲʼʵûеѸһĴϢҲھĻ˶ڲŤšھôԸ˫ּЩһֻѾ·
׵Ĵھ类ͨһĲ⻬Ϻ˿Ƥ΢Ķ
ܡѴȡᱻ˿ģ
Ѹھȴ֪ȵϢھʱֻе˷ܡ
ھһѸϸı³İɳһƣȻѸٷѹסĵɳ֮ϡ
ܣ
Ѹƺе㺦µ˫ֵھؿڴϢҲе㼱
ھû˵ڲѾ˵κһħһͷĵĶͷʱھȫѸϣоѸٵı졣
Ѹ΢΢̧ͷ岻Ծĺ촽Ĵھ촽Ůɢ
ھŽǰĽ˫ȥֻôСﴫȵĸоǴھĺɫȹ°ڴȥھоȫĲƤﴫһĴ̼УھʹİԼͦСѹ˹ȥ
ٶѸһ󽿴֪Ȼʼ΢ҡӯӯһյ֦ڻζвϵĦھ
ھֻԼСֵݷҪѿһ㣬ѾסѸǰǶ˫壬˫ϵϰָסǰͻȴǼҵŤ塣
ھŹѸѾԼ׵ĺ촽ҧסӨĶȻλȴҲŮеĵط֮һ
Ѹ۾ھ֪ԼԸһЩˡѸ·ȹԸУھ̿ˮǣ΢΢ͻǴˣھͷǴİݣƤͿһһȻġ
ھо˶øˣͣСھĦţѸ﷢΢Ϣھ˫ָ޼ɵĽϣھһֻѾƵϣǷԵھﵯţ΢΢壬ԼŽѸ¶˫ϡ
ھĿѣԣоѸץԼҲˣھͦϵĥѸ˽ھоеѪҺ㼯һ
ھһץסѸС֣ֻһ𣬻ǹɵ˳ھ⣬ȻֻһĸҲھѪˣʵѸѸȥǱߴϺòã
Ѹ֪ȥʲô˼ȻɬȻ΢΢ͷšһžͱھñŵ˹ȥ
ھѸӣʾѵȹѸΪĻģȻЩ̫Ը˳ȹ䡣
Ѹ洩лߵ˿ֺͺխǿ㣬СĳëһЩ¶棬鷿ۡ޳ۣСϵĳëҲʮŨܣǳԸС
ھֲֵѸļ绬Ҹ£ƽõأȻʼԼĻѩ׵صĵײţѸûп飬ֻھĻĽĶȻ˺ܴĴ̼ھʳָоѸӲˣȻǸһҲĸо
ھѸѩ׷ϣѸӲѸͷҲھţͷ̧ھĶһ·ǹƬҪѰĴھȻ൱ϣתԼͷƬ촽ٴνܵĽӺһھֹͣ˶רĵǣѸҲԼͷ
𣿡
ھͷȥӭѸãҺҲšƺ̽ȥķҪƵġǾţھÿԸһʱˣֹ֮ͣǡ
Ѹ˳ͷۿھ˫ȼܵĴϣھʮȽǣѸ˫ֻľ󣬼˫ٵõ´档
ھǵĽԼ쿿ȥֿʼšھͬʱԼƵľ󣬲¶װϸ
Ѹ׽ھַŵ˶鷿ϣ鷿ʮ壬ھ̽ڣסʺ١Ȼھľϸ⿪¶װǰصĲ֣˫ֵıھҪ鷿¶Ȼ˵ߡ
ھĽ⿪Ѹ鷿˳ȻǷۺɫģ쿴Ƚϴ͵ģ۰׵ɫԲۣͦھǰ
ھѸķ۾һ·ǵѩ׵鹵ߵӣҽھƱѸۺɫϷʱҧʱͷΧżȦȦ
ѸĽͷھ磬ĺšһСھ΢ʹ˵࣬Ѹͷҵ˽

ѸԸк촽﷢˽ھЦݰ۵ĸȥ˱Ѹ٣һֻḧĲԭλһ˿˿ĿнѸȫʼˡھԸоʺѨѾһƬˣõָɦʺѨ˳Ƭεм¹š
ĿѸͣĴͽ˫ҲܿƵҵŰɫĴ
ھͷŪϵ٣ͬʱһֲֵֻ̽ѯѨ
ھѸȼïʢĲԭ̽ȥȹѭĴ̽һֻĴͻȻڿʺѨ治ϵĥָմɫ֭ˮѹǿŷۺĥš
ھ֮£Ѹһ⣬շź⣬һΪ߽ţһԳ嶯Ѹǽġ
ھѸׯ޵ľ¶ŨŨ飬ھЦݰ۵ĸȥѸޱȵļڵ𼸺ҲѹֲסһѪɫϾҪƿƵġ
Խ˿ĶھȻѸѾʪһС飬ٴ۰׵ľǶϣѰ죬ͷٵһΡ
ѸĽھǵĴٴνϡ


319 ǱѸУ
ھѾ׼ѸʺѨ治ϵŰšķۺɫ飬ѸĺзָʳָԼʺѨС
εھѾ֪Ѹеڣָͷ㳯︧ȥھܵڲھеϵİģѸĺлϴĵ

Ѹһֻյ̼ʹҲһǵͷȵĿǻнսţ˵ͷ࣬ھȥݣŪھ
ھоѸķӦԼ¸λãǰ¸ƶȻ˫ץļӲСֵܣſӰĸŪʹھСֵ͵ܣſѾˣھ˳ȹӣ˵ѸѸһҵļͰɡ
Ѹ׵ھǰ棬뽫СֵƳһھСֵܱȲð˳
Ѹֳн̰Ĳλ߶Թص˰һۣͷȥ鲻ԽͷŰͷļˡھеĲλ֮һ
һѸԸкͱѾ֧ĹļǼԵģҧСֵܵⲿͷ˶ʱھСֵܶ˲ʱĺķӦԽԽңСֵҲԽԽ
ھ쵽ѸǰſȥŪɽ𣬵ʱ¸ȴһε𶯡ھæֹĶѸ̧ͷھжõıʾ˫ֽѸ˫ȻץСֵھѸе㽹˵ѸѸƤ棬ҾҪйˡ
ǾйɡѾˣҪرģ
Ѹ˵Цھһ£ֶ׻صķǰ˫ɣȴͷʼŪСֵܣһΣѸûϴôˣھİͷԵ£°СֵܺһֲֻʱŪţʱСֵµǹҺȥ
ھжˣѸѸҲ߳۷壬˫쵽ѸҸѸֹͣ˿ĶֱˣվھĴȰȹãѸϣ˫ſһܴĽǶȡ
Ѹ˫ֻľһǰƣҲھ졣
ھһת˫ӡƾ˫ֽӵԼܿģǵͷ־һˡʱֻʣǵĺ
ھֺܿ뿪˫飬Ż˿ȹ£ÿȹڣţ˳ŴȥһƬỬ˿ʸУ˿˿߰͹壬ˬļмһϸϸĵתֲڲ࣬˳ƶϣ©ڿķȴھ֣ھǱȵһŰȥѸŶһھǻƽ˳۾֡
ھһִ࣬һ֭ˮѸʺѨɫ֭ˮܿʪССİɫڿ㣬ھǰɫڿϸϸмȥڷƬãھܸоʺѨ΢ţڵͷżţɹɫ֭ˮð˳£׾ʹʪյָ
ھѲϻָԭ״ѨĦ˼£űĲϰһָ˽ȥһɹɸȵɫ֭ˮӿ֮ٵĲϸ޷ӿðɫ֭ˮָͣĴŪѸʺѨܿѨɫ֭ˮͲھָһЩĵȥ۶֭ھѸѨۡ
ھ˫µ̽Уرָ£Ѹܿʹﵽ˸߳˺һӸ߳лعѸ˫뿪ھ
Ѹ漴ظŲǰĶھСֵ˳ĺţķ۵Сͷڰͷϣİȫ˿С
ھСֵܲϵʹѸСڣӲļŪšһھͿҪˣϽͷʾ⡣
ѸƺȻǽţҼӿŪٶȡ
ھֻԼСֵԽԽȣѸȻӤСһ
ھһһֱûеõйʱҲ̲סȻûһ飬֪ҪˣæСֵѸǻһȻѸٵ뽫ͷ
ѸѸǲ绻ɣ
ôĥ˼Ұ
Ǻǡ˫˿СţҿѾˣһ°ɣ
ѽܡ֪˼ң
Ѹ·Ű״ɰ˵Ĺɫ߸Ьˣֻ½ϴһ˫͸ɫ͸˿࣬ǵѩĴȻԲرǴڲ¶˿ļ׻һƬ۵˼㣬ڴԴԵëγĶԱȣ׵ûۣڵĺڵ
С޳ȳƣڼ뼡Ϊһһɫ͸˿Ө󣬽Ѿ˳𪣬Ź΢ߣ΢΢¡Ļߣ굽˼㣬˱ѪСĽż££ջĹڸһɫ͸˿͸żǲɫ˿ǿӯȴʧ۵ĽֺͷƱѹ΢΢ֺֿʺѪʵĹޣ˼˫ţҪ˫ھھԴС
˹̬ŵһһİھ·Ӷˣܿھһ˿ҵǰھֻѩ׵زߵߵǰţھŵ޵ˮζˮھԸк촽޺Σھһ޹ǵСַסھ˶СֵܣŪϳϳСֵ°ȥ˳ŹͷСֵıӲĻθͣ
ѸھĲЦӯȻſھСֵܡһָֻᰴھ׳ؼϣ͵עھϰŲھתȦӣɺָιھţֱۣǿ׳ıٹιֱۣش󼡣ָ룬ھǰֱͣĿھĿⴥһ𣬶ھ˵󻵵㲻Ǻϲ˼ҵ˿𣿽˼ҾʹӦ㽻󻵵ˣˣ
˵Ըк촽޹ǵСֻϣھСֵŪ˱˼ѣͷڰƤ⡣ȻھǰĲݵϣھҲѸϹ΢Ц̧˫ȣɫ͸˿СŽƽţԵļסھӲСֵܣŪԵɫ͸˿˿Сֵܳڲ֪Ĳ۴ȲʹС
ѸЦŨˣýԵŪ£ȻԣӨӨĽŹסھúֱСֵܣˬɫ͸˿İסͷĦھھԼڴڵĴֱܿھͷð˺ˮ
Ѹɫ͸˿ŹͣŪţϸĿɫ͸˿ŹмСֵܲı仯ԸжֺСŵøˣרעЦϲھСֵɫ͸˿Χ£ӲӲӡ
Ѹֻɫ͸˿ŹŪٶԽԽ죬СֵܱòڱҪʱͣסŪֻЦһ˿⣬ֻ˸ŪھСֵܡֻ΢΢ֱһֻСţھСϣɫ͸˿븹Ӵһ𣬽µ´СһƬ˲䴫ȫëſÿһë׷·ɫ͸˿е˿о
һֻţӲֱСֵǰưСֵܱưֻŵɫ͸˿ϣǾĽƲͣḧŪİĦھСֵܣһ˵ˬ̩оͨھܡʱʱջǰŪСţֱż⣬ýżȥŪھǴҵңǹĹĵĵغ˿ഥһ˿΢Сʹд֫ٺˬҪг


320 ǱѸ£
Ѹ»⻬ɫ͸˿ż̧һ㱡ɫ͸˿࣬Сֵܸ΢ŴֺסСֵܳˣ˳˶ϣִͷԵһУ˳Сֵܸ˶ϣ΢תףϺšعһֻ˿ţĶھСֵĦСֵһ˿ɫ͸˿Уʸмѣ̼һСɻŵǰҺܿƵðۣ˳ͷεֻɫܵĽżϣ˸һƬɫͺɫ
Ѹһɫ͸˿ŰھŽһѾĳֵʺѨϣϡﻩɫ֭ˮ͸OO@@ĲԭĦһƬھʱĻֱ˫ָƬεķ¶ʺɫѨڵھϸϸС΢΢͹ķۺɫɼ±µ񶴣ɫ֭ˮҺۺɫĸؿڣڽ覵ĴϣʪһƬ
ھһǿˣ̵סأҵľºСֵ˿ĸоھѪڣ˫ĿȳѪҪۿھܲˣھҪھ˫ÿǰѹСֵϵ裬ȥ˫ֳ˿ϥ䴦Ȼӣֿȣ򻨰ȥһ£ͷȥˡӲСֵȲĲ֭ˮĽʺѨһĸ㣬˵ĽϴһƬߴߴĳ
áܣ
Ѹ˿Ц˿˫Ÿ̧ھļϣɫӨȻĽѾų岻ͣİڶšСֵܾҳǿҿУѸòֱ˿ż⣬ֺͷһ𣬱˿౻ıţҪͱˡ
Լھ̫Ѹʺ콿۵ѨܲˣͻȻѸԸкĺ촽һܡ㡭еۡ
ھѨ澷γ鴤ѸĴһڣȻЦѸѸһܿͺˡ
ھһʹ롣СֵܲöСѨö˶÷·һ㣬ǳˬ
ȻھСֵٴʹسѸҲĺˮĿ΢΢ţŤھĶھһţһѸѩ׵ءõһţͷֺ죬ɢŨŨ㡣
ھһְһһֻţղסشŵͷššץšŪͷѸһܡظţÿһ¶ɵʺѨ֮ɹɫ֭ˮԴԴϵţ˵°ŪʪˣѴҲŪʪˡνޣɫޱߣֻԧ첻ھ޸жſѸůĽϣֵسţһ˺ü£ԡȵѨСֵܰܲ͸磬ˮöö࣬ݵùͷˬˡѸҲǳܣŤھĶ˫ڴţ˼ʱһھĲӣĽһһǡƮƮھʴǣԼ
ѸϵĽ벻ΪϹᡢѶɡ
˵Ŀǰ
һھͻȻֹͣ˵ѸѸǻưɡ
ѸЦӯӯصͷ˵ʲôأ
ĺˮ
ھ糺˵ϲôƣǾʲôڴԼķȨ
Ѹ룬˵뵱Ů
ƵĹâ
ھû룺ѸһŮ͵ĴŮƽʱЦע󣬿ǵϸԼİһʱûκιǳ黳ʱҲԱһ˵Ļɽأ
ھѸϷ£ԱһɣɵƽƽģǸ˵Сֵܸ߸ƽʱĴӡѸĿ⣬ָ˴Ƕ粻һҡβѣ滹ˮɢеζѸŵ˲÷УΪζҲһݶء
²ŪŪࡣȫͼįȡ֮ϲá˷ܡ⣬еĸźҲûʧʹбһŮˡһŮڴ»һѸᣬֻ˾ԸСɰˣһҹǧٻأʵʵӵ塢ķġ
ھĸ첲֧ϰЦǺǵ˵ѸѸҵСֵֺܴܺǿɡϲ𣿡ղҿղųԵĽζ
ѸһЦѩ׵֮ھɡ룺ѸѸԵĵط̫ˣֹһ˫˵ذһ󱦲ھ򲻾Ϊˣ̫иˡ
ֻѸ˵ªĴɻ£ʲôϲأôôô֡ôӲ̫ˡÿζۣ޵е
˵ţƤֵָһСֵӣǰҡͷҵĹ󣬷·ǸŮһ
ھٺһЦһѾͽѸ§ڻٴκ
ѸھĻСֵܣýǶѹȥǿϼĹͷѸĲиŬ¡ɫ֭ˮ£ʺѨʧˡ
ѸŤƨתȦǸСֵܱСѨţǽ̽һ
˺һСֵһڽڽȥڲˣѸСѨŵùĹĵģ˵ﺬſͷƵġ
ͷģѸѽʵʵھϣһСֵܳڵ޷ݣ΢΢һƨɣϵĵǻֵġ泩ġõģһһġ
ͬھҲǳܡͷã߱Ѩŵ㣬Сֵܷ棬Ǻӻصĸ׵Ļһܰһˬһů
Ѹû϶ǰˣſھϣεε˵ܣˬˬ
ھ޸ֵѾ֪ˡ˫ַѸĽϣ⸧ţвࡣѸůأ˵ҪˣˬˬҹͷҪˡ
Ѹ˲һЦ˵װܣĨһ˭ҲȲ㡣
ھƨץŪţŵԺͱ˵ѸѸ۲˵Һúò㣡
áɡ
˵⻰ߵñĿú촽ھǲݡͬʱҲʹ˵ĽϴнҡҶ㣬ģࡣ˴˵ж񴺽ڵҹգ̻һöĿ䶼⡣
Ҫ£Ѹøˣʹھ񫡣
ſŲܹ񫣬ѸֱΪסȫչھǰ
Ѹţ˫ְϥǣƨһһŪСֵܡǸСŵôģһʧһִѨ¶ʢİҺԴԴϵӿСֵܰ˵Ūʪʪģëˮ⡣
ѸԽԽ죬ԽԽֻӾۻҡֻھܡֹ񫡣õĪŮ񻶣õĿ񻶱ǸѸʲôСֻԧ첻ɡǰ
ѸŬùһĺ߸֣ΣҲˣܵŮ˵Ŀ֡ٵشϢţڶƨɣɫɫŪţôûôĿһƬΣǶ
ܡСֵҪҶˣҸоԼһƬһƬѩһƮţƮ˷Ŷ¼ֱҪˡ
ǻ˵ԼĸܣյӣﻹѸأﻹһׯĽʦأ
Ҫʶ˿ƽʱ޵ѸģһŰɣ
ѸѸɵúðɵð㣬ôȥɣһǰ;һ죬˵Ů˵ġ
ؿ佱㻹ܹ˵ľӡ
ʱѸͦͦƨɣʹСֵӶøֻҲûϢȥץŪǲϲĴӡɰֻ޻һסһáһ⻬ͷǵͦ󣬱ӣһˡ
ھæšššţӣҸǼ֮£ŪѸʱͺʹ˵½ھ𣬱˱ͷͷôţѸܲˣ˽УܣװģװˣҧʹġҪɵˡ
ƨɶøˡ
ھ³ͷʪܵĺͷЦҾѸѸϲ
˵ţְһֻ档ˣͷӲӲģжÿˡ
ѸϾһŮھһ㺹죬ٶҲ½ˡ
ھˣ˵ѸѸҲɣܱٵɡˮɺӡ
Ѹ§סھĲӣ߽˵Ҫ۵ſˣܣҰɣҵѨٴɣʡԺϾġ
⻰ھ˷ܵҪ˵ѸѸҵСţҾ͸ѨѨٴ
˵һ˻һλãھˡ
ھſĽϣȰѰ쬵سһ£Ѹʱеһ飬˵ܣ˼ء
ʹھƨɡ
ھЦˣ˵ѸѸɶͲˣ֤
˵ţСֵöĥĥģȻһ嵽ףѸķ䡣
á׵ܵܡѨءЩˡߡ١һЩŶѸѸ̫̫ˡŶҪˡš
ھռ޵Ѹ˿ΪֵõͳʵʱǹУѨѼͰýģھ˫ץѸ򿪵˫ȣʼԡǳһķʽѸǿֵѸ˫ֽץŴӯβʱŤӭھǿĹʱͷھǸ׳Ĵ󼦰ͣµĽԼ壬ֻѨƬĴż͵ĳ壬ͣķ˵Ѹֱߡ
ܡѸѸ㡭Hˡһ㡭𡭡Ū˼ҡŶŶˡ
ھѸ˽͵ĸ
ѸѸꡭһÊġ
ԷeһƬ⣬ʱġֻ̡̡дǶ˵˽ѡ
ѸھɵʧĻ꣬ҪܻһeԽİš
ѽܡѸѸˡܡҪˡҪҪˡܡมҪ군ˡ
ѸѸһ߳ɡ
ھ˵Ҳڶÿһ¶ֱɵס
һӣѸ˫ֽץŴ巴ʽͦͬʱһ䣬СѨȻסھķһȵˮֱھĹͷҲʾȺľҺעѸǱ܊ۺe.˵ľҺˮۿȥһƬǽ塣
ھ§śѸĴҲ¶΢Ц
ھǼŪ룺ɾŮءֿκ¶Ȳˡ

Fxcmի http://www.fxcmz.com

Marketiva http://www.marketivax.com
-------------------------------------------------------

321 櫡άϣ
͵ˣתۼ䵽2000櫡ά Sofa VergaraԱģءڸױǣݡĦǼͥBig TroubleӰƬ2012걻ѡΪȫŮԵ2λ
λЩŮԱѾǩԼѶңھܿǱ
ʱڣھʵ˱櫵ĺ촽ͷ̽ȥֻܽݵͷԼ̴ĽӣСÿһ䣬ûãѳŮǵİУٲԼĿƣͷĲһ̫æÿŮٸļӵвֵ֪ˣ׳Ĳӣ̱ȴޱȡ櫸еһãȫˡ
޷ھʪǣ櫺òװĴһ޿ɷϲǺ͸ھ櫷糺աѩϸķȡƽĶֽ꣬·櫼ͦ΢̵鷿
һַĸоͻȻסˣƿھͷУѾɷͽˣҲһٴˡ
ھһаħڡﴩֵĵɫСģǳɫףһ˿֯ĳȹ櫳еø޳ˡ
鷿ͦзǳھָĸۺͷĥĵͷӲˣʱƴھŤš
ھʵ˱´ͷ̽ȥıݣ˱Ϣţᵽھ߳ĵ鼼ѿܡھͷ˿ĳݷ죬ͷֱ룬Ū㻬⣬˫ܵѹţܣoŪ
ھͷȲסĲ࣬ȻȻͽ̴ڣް취ؾھҺһ̽˶ӡѽ飬һֱúܺã͸Ÿ߹󡢳졢ÿɢ˵ٸϢοֻżΪ֮һ԰ھ˷¶ӵǼҪѣ
櫲δѯھԱ̨ĿģͻȻΪ£ֻΪ仢ƵĻ°ɣ
һ˫̬ޱޡ
ĬĬھշתŽ΢˵㡭Ҫң
ھǷ۵ϸĲصƣһҹްҹҶѳɿˣܵκ˺οҿֵĽĿܲҪ˰ѽҹ¼ΪҸӸ֤
ھ嶯櫵·𽥱Ӳĵķ顣ھƺסĵ׵ĸر𿺷ܣ쵽櫵ȹף
ѽˡ
櫺ٵСȻô˵ȴеư͵Ť
ȫŮζ櫵һͣڵﱻ˸ţ־¡ھʧ漴ĵ綯α櫵ĳȹ˿˫ѩȡ
Ѿȼյ޴Ļھ촽˫㻬ϸ֬ϻţһ߸۵ȣﲻͣźٵ㴽ѩϸµĲӡ
ءš㡭
櫽Ƶʣѩ׵ķɫת죬ھʱѾĴڲ࣬ȥѾڿ㰴ϡһգε촽ŷҷĽﲻаš㡭ô


322 櫡άУ
̬˵շתţھоָĵطʼڿȫʪһƬԳʪʪһС졣
˵ķ̨ŮķӦھָѾڿԵʪѨƬ۴꣬ůʪСѨѨĴˮ˳櫵Ľ˵ı飬Ѿû̼ˣֻλ޸߹ŮϢ𽥳أؿԽӾҡ
ŶšҪˡῴ
Ťβš
ϸʱİھֽھͣŪǷ۳ʵɫ۴ꡭܡס֡ס֡ᡭ˿ġ
ôαڳȾ֣ʱ˼أһġ
аšס֡
櫰ư͵Ťŷ㻬ϸ塣
Ѿʪ͸ˣҲҪɣ
ھɫааš
˵㲻Ҫ
ھҲǿ櫵ϰ
ɢ΢΢ĳŮ櫸еȫȣĽ߽⣬ھһһ£ͷ˫ʱѹѾõ𽥽̴ڳҺ鲻ԽھĿУ˱ԴҺҲ˹ȥȲؽӭھ̽Լеʪͷ˽ʪ
ھüӲޱȣ屧ס櫹̻壬ϻѹ櫼ͦزǳɫ۵ͷ櫽ĴھûĶ˫ֽ⿪׵¿ۣѵˣͬʱȥѩ˿֣ûһ֬ı۵ƤôĹ⻬
櫵ӿˣھİ櫵ƣ櫡
һܵץס˫۰ͦ鷿ħ֡
ھǿеİ櫵˫ֺصλ˵Ů۵鷿ʱ˫鱻󼷱Σһֵʮ㵯Բͦ鷿۵زγǿҵӾ̼
뵽ھһסһԸеԵ顣ͦ΢ѩ׷۵鷿֣ЩھݶæӴָץĸǴмƼŪһ鹵
ʵɫ鷿ۻԲȥСɽһȷͦΣĶһȦΣۺɫͷСɿɰĻףںߵ΢䶯˵龰ھϧġϧģĽλ޵Ů˵鷿ԲΣʮָͷݽ˫۵ͷʱָ˳ϢĴ½ͦھ˷ܵĸͣͷŪ٣ְⶼνҧϸʼе˱
޽ĵ櫱ŪŤڽʱʱķһѹֺĽκ¶ֽҵĸӱ顣ھ̰ϸ鷿Ӷ㼡ǽŮ˵㣬Ļá΢̱ʵ⡣Բ㻬ƺװеƵģھһѹһһȴֵأͷΪ˱ԵԽԽԽԽ
ѩ˵ظȫմھҺھͷһֻһԽεͷѾڿˮ״Ӳ࣬ͦӲĸ߸͹𣬷·͸˱ǵѰ㣬ջٻھȥƷ˱
ʴǵ˫ѩ֬鱻ھ˱ϸĥţ˫ȴ൱æµ˳櫵Żƽ̹ĸصǵشȥھıס˿ࡢֻ˿Сڿ㳶Ȼץһںֱֳķݣָš
һ㡭ϡ
΢˿㽿ĵš


323 櫡ά£
ھ櫷ѩᱧ΢΢ͻȻ˫ȣһͼʱھǰֵϸţᶶм価ͷһ֬ıĹȣϳںڶĳëھƽԭϵСݣһԣø߸ߵĴ۴Ŵȵĳſ߰ţ¶޶ĿƬС۴꣬ճǳɫ͸İҺһۺɫõ壬պ¶ˮҹɫгš
ھѲǵһעصĵطÿһζߵ޷ȵĶ˵Ҳͣھϸ˺üӣȻذͷȥͷں塢񼦹ڵС۴ⴥݵ죺͡ǣɢһֻ㣺÷֮ʫǳ̲סһйעˡ
櫵˱ǵС۴ھⲻ֮£ʼӲŵøˡָͷС۴ٳſһ㣬¶ˮѨڣǳɫƤѪҺͦ𣬿ͺǾޱϵ黨ٴӰƤðͷˣۺɫԲŷ⣬һźŵĻ١
ھѨڴתζӿĴˮͷϣֽ壬Ȼٴ黨٣պԽͦԽС춹ѿϣĹȶͿճճĴˮۡ
ھʹ櫽ĹĹȣͷӲֱһֱխ֭Ѩȥ漴û룬ֳٶ롭ǿȫ紥λϽ̬Ըꡣ
มҪһȥš
櫲ϴϢǽģ
ھһʱͷʹýʱͷȥòĦͻСѿһָƬɫꡣĥصĳ壬ֵûһֻֽץסھ֣˫ȲŤҷ̴ڷһ
ھ櫹⻬ϸ˿˫ȣǳɫˡ۴꽿Σïʢķǿҳ۹⻬ƤӰھʱһƬѣ
ѾͷƵʪܵĹĹϣǶͿĨﻬš

ھĴȡ
һʪĹĹȣֱﻨоʱ֭Ľ磬ĸ߳櫽ס˽иˣ쳹ССĽγ
ھĴ櫵СѨ֮ķӦͼˡʳ֪ζͦŷΣȡĥ̼ͬʱ˵ػУรܣܡŪҡ
櫽ŴѨҺʪǻڣɧͣѩ׷ι̧ţҡˡεķӦھɴץ˫ϸ⻬ȣֿǰţֱӶ۾ȷּز࣬ųָţɸ߸ߵλ
Ȼھ˫ס櫵ȣёʵĳȹţһֱĶϷʹѩƽ̹Ȼĸڸǵ¶˳櫷顢ͻڡŨܵģһ׵ķݶ֮£Եøޡˡ
ͬʱ£˵櫿ĿھĴѨʱھĳ£櫿ѵ۴űɫ͸֭ҲϱѨ⡣櫵һλ˲źϡ
ھĳ£СѨŨŨŮ֭ͣţ޴ľ˳ǳ찼ݵĹĹȣҲʢʱѨŰ۳Ƕȥ
ھľ˵櫵Ĺȼ䣬ʼǿֱĳ壬ÿһֱͦСѨԽԽɷδ֮
ڣھǴͷصײ櫵ӹϣɵò䡢߰š˿̵櫿޲ɷʴǵķѪš
櫳ھͣĲŪʢӿλƽ޸߹˹˵СѨζȴܲ˸ɷ򡰴ñӡ͡͵ӡġ¡ˡ
䣬ھľ櫵ѨٵĳţǿһһµĻٴ롢嶼ײͦٵĸϣСѨǿŷϵĴͷصײӹϣǿҵֱ͸䣬λҲסֻ䡢캰Ƶ˽š
ม㡭⻵šมܲˡ
šš㡭㡭ˬˬ
ܡǡᡭµġ
ھװûӿٶĥײ櫵Ѩ⡭


324 櫡ά꣩

ſ촽¶ױݲͣϲõһԺ󣬾޷ֹͣม
߲ͣܽŵػš櫰ļѾ΢һ㺹ɢζһԼϢҪܶŴ鷿ɢĲŵ
屻˷ܸУʹ޹Ϳŷۺɫָ͵ָףҲ΢΢Ķţͬʱڲⷭڲ䵽İɫʼԵ˽ۣλ΢谵Ĺ£øޣ͵ɣϸ۵˫ȣִԸеĹЩԿŮܱȵģһִгŮ
Ͻ˵ı飬дʴǡ糱ֻ˿ƵıԲԲģεС촵˵ھһ˿Ҫúܡ
ھסࡢѼͻӲһںס㣬òζ
ھĴС֭Ѩ̺ţڼҵײĲG費ϵĴ櫻ԲѩΣˮ۷ɽ磬̡󡭡
խСĳţǴⰻȻ
ڰھľĽճһÿβһ£ˮʱε̫ͣᡰ࣡һⴽ˳һǿĿдھĩΣͷʹࡣ
ھ԰֣ǿͷǿҵ´ﲻ侫һλŽ֭Ѩˡʡ˷ѡݲݾ侫ء
櫻۵壬ھ磬ϼȳ壬˺üµʹھƨʹСѨҡҢ尡壬ϲɫ͸֭ʪľִ׮Ȼش̵櫻ĻоһĿ¶ϴȫɾ
̴ڲͣؽĺţΪе촽ܸɣ಻ţھһʵ⣬ҧס죬ҧҧ
ʮּҵԽڻŤɵĴɫģھľѾӿľǵӲִΪ뾡櫻˿а壬ھһе޵Ҫ۳ʱͣ˷ܲѵ櫱γŮ֮ơ
ʱԽǺϵ޷죬ھĴϣ÷۹⻬ֿ۽ھĲӣˣ촽΢ҷһ΢ɢ侫㡭벻ƽʱ޳߹ʱ˷֣毺õĦھƴ󴫵ıӣȴ齿ھϸϸƷζһλɫｻţĶҲ˹ھĿдеϢĲӣľڳвʹ׳ڡ


325 ƣϣ
ƣAnnie Lau198141ճй̨±Աģءô¸绪Emily Carr Institute of Art and Design޶ƷƱҵ
ŮھŹ˰ǩԼȻ󡭡Ǳ
ʱڣѸһסƵԸк촽ֹס֫ȵĸ˼ûƿӣҲֻˣɽ뿿ھϣ˿̵ķֻ˸ӵĵôߣһеŬԸеƣסҲʼʵŮϸɴһưɫˮ˿Ըȣһ§ӣ͹Ĺĵĺ֮ϡ
ھͲסĴһһѽѹ£С㣬ҡҪ㡭
ȱ׼û뵽ھȻԼѹ£æͬʱֵסھؿڣеھҪǲԡԡ
С㣬ҪܾҡҪܾҡõ㡭Ұ㡭Ұ㣡
˵ţھͷһѰƵĶͷϣһƵԸк촽ʱסƵ񴽣ʹ

Ʊס񴽣ʱֻţģԼǸŮûѣǾôûˣѵѵҪʧ
뵽ҪʱھĴ֣ȴѾ쵽Լ˽ܵ鷿֮ϣ֪ΪʲôھĴƺħԼزĸţһɵزɢȫӲԽһУԼȴǲ뿪ָо
ھʱʹõģصĵ֮ͨŮӵ崫Ůڣ̼Ůӵ񾭣ԴŮӵﵽˮ齻ڵˮƽھʱȻǵһʹֱ£ȴҲ㹻еֵĿˡ
ھʱָƵŴӣǷľھϵؼƣͬʱ಻ϵؽƵĿǻҪݵķߣ뵽Ƶˮڡ
أƱǲԻ󣬿ʼʧ˱ԣݣһſһĽԼԸеھ
ڣھͷƵġ񶴡ྡغƵŪ˱Сཻܡ
ھǿҵĴ̼Ĵ£أƱסھıʼĻǡסھͷһĺԼ콻ͬʱĺøӵĽ٣죬ǿʼɬɬˮж
֮ھ̧ͷŴʱһƣ֪ʱǾɵˡ⿪˯ۣȻڿ㣬Ž쵽Ƶ˯ϣС㣬·òã
ƴʱûھİоǳڣŤŽھҪ·ϲ£̨֮ϻǱһ˿ֻҡҲҪܡҲҪ
ȴûκεĵֿȻǴ˵еİưˡ
ھﲻ֪Ůӵ˼ºٺһЦ⿪˯µĿӡʱƵ¶˳
ھʱڹȻʱ䲻ںڰмȷʵѡʱ٣ΪƵ̫ˣ·Ȼû֣˵ʥ鷿ʱسھǰǸ߸ͦĴϵͷѾͦ鷿Ѿ֣ȻʱΪƵ鶯ԺñҲѾ׼Ҫӭӽļˡ
ھ飬ﻹϵȥ½ͷյǶ鷿м䣬ͷͷ˱ͬʱһֻ֣Ƶ

ղȻھҲ鷿ǱϾǸ·ĸʱھȴǺãŪǸŮȶ
ܡ㡭㡭㲻ҪҪ򡭡šҪ
ƴʱѾȫãУӲͣŤӭھŪҺҲѾʪԸеСڿ㣬һʱ֮䣬Ѳ֪ںηˡ
С㣬ġ鷿Ǻóԡ˼ĺϲ벻ĵһŮ˾ǿһŮҪɡ㡭
ھʱѾͷ£Ƶ˯֮ϣٺһЦ֣Ƶ˯㡣ʱ䣬Ƶֻʣһɫǿ㡣
ƽ촩һɫ˿ǿ㣬ںڵ͸˿͸֮ԼɼصĵطȴڿĲУⲢӰھ
أڿ£ھϿ˿ѾʪˣٺЦС㣬û뵽㻹ǸСȻʪˣƽһܼʰɣ
ˡ˼а
ƵҪߺ죬ӲŤţǺߡ
ھƵڿŵһߣŴƵСѨֻƵСѨû˵˳ëŨܣƬƬ˵ĺ촽ĺɫСʷۺɫ΢΢ѿһϸ죬мˮʱûڿڣɫĴʱŪʪһƬ֮ɫš
ھٺһЦͷһƵСͬʱ֭ҺҲһһԼ

ھͷ·ǿħһ㣬Լһ򵽣Լͬȵľһ㣬޲þʹ˷йϵһʹźá
ھ˳ƵҺͷٺЦһŮˮȻζС㣬ҪҪ
˵ţھָմһˮ쵽Ц
˼ҡ˼ҲŲҪֶҪ
ƽߵȻԸԼ֭Һ
㲻ԸԣҿɾҪˣС㣬һڼ˯ɣ
ھ˵ţҪվ뿪
Ҫ
һԼĶھ뿪ʱϣھܹʶסھܡ㡭㲻ҪߡҪߡ


326 ƣУ
ҪҲǰɣҲԣ
ھٺЦţմˮָ쵽ߣЦԣ԰ɣ
ԥһ£ˣ֭࣬ӣҪж
ھЦҪռˡƵĴȽһֿұߵĴȿڼϣǰ㣬ѾƴĴ󼦰͵ƵСѨڣھȴڲȥƵСѨڽ΢Ħ
ɿ˿ƣֻоǻȼͦĴһԼѨڲϵĦţ١вλ޲飬ԼŪ߷壬޲ھʹ˽һį
ܡ˼Һܰ㲻ҪŪˡš
ƽޱȡ
ھٺһЦ˵С㣬˵ܣϣôŲܰ
šܡܲ˵𡭡֪֪ġ
𣿿ҾҪС˵ֻҪС˵Ҿ㣡
ھ˵ţץסߣһĦƵСѨڣͬʱ沼һ̼вѵ񾭡
áá˵˵Ūˡܡ˼ҡ˼ҡ˼ҡ
˼ѡǶȥ
ȥȥС㣬Ҫ˵ҾͲ塭
ᡭܡ̫ˡҪá˼ҡ˼˵ˡ㡭㡭ѡǼһ˼ҡǼһ˼ҡ˼ҵСѨء߳ܡ
˵û¶ˣˣ
ھ˵ţһ߶׼ƵСѨڣͦ˽ȥҺ󻬣ͦȥǳס
һխĽաȡĸоʱھǿҵĴ̼оֱŶھһֻ뵽һͷˬ

ƸоھĴ󼦰ͽԼ壬һǿĳʵкȻ
ھƽܿ죬͸оһ谭в־ϲĵԭԭƻǸŮ̵ģ׬ˣ
£ھһһһɲǼ䣬Ǵķߡ
ۣۣۣ
ֻ崫һ˺ѷΰʹ̲࣬ס˳ĴŮ֮Ѫ˳ʱƬƬ졣
£С㣬£һͲˡһͲˡ
ھ˵ţͷյƵĶͷǰա촽ʹ࣬ͬʱ˹ţƵĴŮԪڽл
ʱھֻоһɹɵԼ壬ƺȪһԼƺҲ˲٣дϲĵ⹦򣬾һ֡ˬ
֮ưסھţھɡˡ˼ҡ˼Ҳˡ
Ҷˡ
ھ˵ţʼ嶯޴Ƶڿʼ
š
ھϵؽ˶£ֻ½Ĵ˳ʵĿУֿĺҪƵĺøӼ٣ա䡢ȵطȫǿҵĺΣϲʹɫȡ֮ǿҵ𣬶ǵҲϵз
šܡ㡭㡭šܡšһ㡭
ھƶ˵Ժ֮¸ĳ鶯޴ƵСѨоֺ⣬ÿһεĳŴˮͲѪҺӴġžžžһ˵ܡ
ʱھƵȷֿߴм䲻ϵؽų壬ͬʱץסƵ鷿ظеôС㣬㡭治š治
ܡ˼ҺҺ㡭˼Һð㰡šܣ㡭ˡšҺҺ
ʧشеӲϵŤš
ááȻҾ͸㡭
ھ˵ţӿ˳鶯ٶȣžžžļײԽԽǿھҲڲϵس֮бԽԽˮϵشѨ޵ҵһš
̫ˡҲˡ̫ˡø硭ġ̫ˡšššš̫ˡ̫ˡܡġ̫ˡšššš
ھͣĳ鶯֮£Ѩ洫һһĿʹƵĺļѩ۵СӵͨͬʱҵҲͣĴŽ޶ֺ촽﷢
Ž޶ֺ촽ﲻϷ˽ھϵЦݽЦĸ˽Ĵ̼£ھ忪ʼ𽥵ļӿ죬ڷۺѨĴ󼦰ʹδĲ뵽ʺѨɹɫ֭ˮ˳ͬʱѩϵֻͣѩ۵ֵ֮£вͣı仯Ÿ״
ھͣ𽥿ٵĳ££Ƶĺӵļ٣ͬʱ˽Ҳӵֻѩ۵ֲ֪ʲôʱŵѩ۵ϣͣĸ󡭡

ھͣĳ֮£Ƹ߿һйˣɹɫǿڷۺѨϵ˳˴󼦰͵ͷϡѨд󼦰ͶԴѨɫֻͣ档ھ״ٴμٳ弸¾ܿҲǡһУ侫ˡ

ھһ˴ϣܲ˵ĺˬǺֱĴŮֱɰ
ƴʱӣӦʮƣۣΪղھ侫ʱͬʱҲ˹ѾͬԴʱǲǴʱعһԼôͿľʧʱһűסؿڣŭеܡҡҡ㡭㡭


327 ƣ£
ھ΢ЦС㣬ڡҵˣ
ǡǡôԡôԡǲżһ氡
ƴʱЩʧ룬ȫ֪ôźá
ھٺһЦ§סƣЦС㣬ñˣղһֱڽкİǿˣ˵ʲô
ʲô
Ƴһ̶ߣеҡǿ㣿ôǿ㣿
ǿҡôԡԡ
ھƤٺЦǿ㣿ղŲ֪˭˵ҪҲģңС㣬װˣϲңǲǣ
˵ţھ֣Ƶḧͬʱ
ššҪҪô˼ҡ
Ƶʱһα
ھһƵ壬һߺٺЦС㣬ҵŮ˺òã
˼ҡ˼ҲŲء˼ҡҪ
ͨ죬Ӳֻû飬ɧһεĳ˷Ӧ޲һεԸղŵĿǡ
ھһЦ˫йɵƵĴӣʱΪոյһεõŮ֮£һؾ硪ݡʱַʮֶأƵ鷿ɲģǶ׼ϵѨͬװĦһ㣬Լ̼ЩѨҪͨĸҪٱֹʱѾŪǴȶˡ
ھһֻƵһֻŪСͷٺЦ˵С㣬ҵŮˣӦңȻҽ㲻ɣҵŮˣҿϣܵĿСòãҵС㣬İС㡭
ƴʱھⷬ£ֻϵĿвϼǿ鷿ǿҵĴ̼ԼȫľѪͼԼƺҪˣǻȴһҲûУ֭ҺһαŪʪҲԽԽ٣ǷˮҰĺΡĽ֮ҲԽԽ󣬵̲סģšܡҪҪܡ˼Һܡš㡭Ҫˡááššá˼ҡ˼ҴӦ㡭Ū˼ˡš˼ҴӦ㡭Ů˾ˡ㡭Ҫˡ
ھһ⻰вϲĵԼ֮ȷʵ㲻ôŮǱԼˣ
£ھЦŷſơɵڴȴһƬǽ塣
ھƾ壬Ȼа󼦰һǿĲ
Լʮ׳Ĵ󼦰ͣڿƵӣСڣھЦһ󼦰ʹյƵߣЦС㣬ҵĴ󼦰ͣ
ʲô
ƴһ̶еҲҪҲҪ̫ģҲɣ
治Ըɿڽ飬ϾҲҳԼϣôܸɳ˵飿
ɣǺðɣҸɣ
˵ţھ쵽ʪܵ壬ССĿɰϸ
ŮеĲ֣鷿ҲȲϣʱھ֮ܵסʱ䣬Ʊһ飬ɪɪĵšҪܡѹ򡭡򻹲𡭡š
С㣬Ҿ֪Ӧģ
ھٺЦţʹյƵСǰԥһ£ſС죬ǸУŪ
ʱھĴ󼦰մƵˮʹŮѪζֳƺＸŻɲ֪Ϊʲôɧͺȴһֲ֪ĿУ·Ǵ󼦰ͺڿУƺԼ񾭣ԼһĲԨһ㡣
ˬ
ھŪżֻͣһǿҵĿֱŶò˵ƾԿԳƵĹǣȻǵһοڽȴ츳ʱͷᶯĻŪھĴ󼦰ͣĿھƮƮɣ޲þʹ˵ɾźá
š
ƳھĴ󼦰ͣʱţˮǲͣ£֮鵴ȻѾһʼĲӦڵΪΪϰ֮ʵҲ󼦰Ҳѳԡ
š
ھԼĴ󼦰ɬˬĿڽ£вϱǣڵƴ֮Ĵһһ̵ʱ֮ǹעԸеĿǻ
ȿȿȡȿȿȡ
ƵȻʱѿǺԣЩ̵ľҺȻ벿ֶȥʣС־Һ˳Ƶ޵Ļ棬ھĴסˡ
ʱƿԣھҲΪ˼Ƶ񱳣С㣬û¶ɣ㲻Ҫɣ
ƿһͣȻһԹؿھ·˵Ϊʲôң
ھʱƵĲ˵С㣬㲻Ҫᣬû˼ֻǡҪ̹Զĺһ𰡣
⻰в¶֮ɫ֪ҼȻղŴӦ㡭ǡһгŵֻϣԺúöҾǡ
ھһ⻰дϲһ§סƣС㣬ģһãֻҪڣҲ˺ίȦһϵģ
ƽߵĿھĻ˼ڸӣû취Ҫ㣬ɲǡɲΪˡΪʲôϡ㲻Ҫ˼ҿˣ
ǺǡúúãҵС˽⣡
ھ΢ЦţʱƼӣȴȴҪ÷ȣ󼦰Ҳʱ
Ƶʱоھӵı仯һû뵽ھξԺȻܹһεĲ𣬲ߵھ㡭ô˰˼ҲҪ
ھʱﲻõйʱǶ˵ĴƨɣȻһͷлϲҪˡ
ھͷյƶߣ˵仨һ㶣̶ߣƴҡͷУС̫ˡ˼Ҳɡ˼Ҳɰ
С㣬ԣǱջ𣿲ۣģһܰɣֻҪұľջͻģ
ǡ̫ˡ
ûеˣҶֹϵˣʲô˰Ѳ㲻ңȫõǲǣ
ҲǸ˼ֻǡ
ûֻǣС㣬һģ
ǡǺðɡܣҪһ㰡ҪҪŪ˼ҡ
һһôŪҵıСء
⻰̾һȻھӣȻ˫ȹϣֻҲڴϣγһʽӣѩ׷Ĵƨɸ߸۵ľջѨھȴھĽ롣
ھǣ¹ƵĴƨɺ棬ȻʪܵĴ׼ƵľջѨ˽ȥ
ۡۡ
ƵľջѨǴŮأʱھô룬Ȼеʹ̲סŤƨɣš
ԹԡС㣬һӾͲˡһӾͲˡŵ
ھʱǼϣ߲ܲƵĴƨ۶ǽޱߵĸоھס
룬룬ڣھĴ󼦰ȫƵƨ۶Ǵ󼦰ΪȸֱƵӹڣҵײƵʱеǿҵĿ⣬
ɣҶˣ
ھ˵ţ˫ֱסƵĴƨɣ忪ʼǿҵĻ˶ʱоޱߵĿ͸Լÿһ񾭣̲סǿҒOŲԼ塣
󼦰Ʒ۵ľջѨǿ֭䣬ɰӹҲھ󼦰͵ײ£Ȼǿֵ˽Уͬӡһ㡣
ááðšܡܡ㡭ġ˼ҡ˼ҵġƨ۶ðˡҪˡҪˡҪˡˡˡ̫ˡû뵽ջôˡˡø硭塭
ʹĲ鵴ȫȴԼݣȴԼ֣ȫ֮䣬ĹȴˮֲθǰҡڲסͦͣӭھĹƣз˹
ϸܵĿڶۻĻڲշţоһֺݣǵģֵСѾϢŽкھҲȥ壬ſӣʹ𽥲еͬʱԼҲͥ޾ջƮƮȻɾĸ߳ϡ
˲ٸ˽һСʱھҲڵ˶㡣
С㡭С㡭ĺðҡҲˬ̫ˡšҪйˡҪйˡš
ƴʱҲǿҪȫйˣоźͥϴǿҵĴ̼Һ֭ƺҪһɲǼȫ緢ԼҲҪȫ̲סеܡ㡭㡭˼ܲˡҪܲˡšҪйˡҪйˡܲˡҶˡˡ
Ƶһ󺰣ջѨҺͬˮһбھĴ󼦰ͱһ壬ڵ˱ʱ
ˡˣ
ھһ󺰣һ屬ƵľջѨƴһһ̱ڴϣȻʹ˱˹ȥ
ھʱҲǾƣٸɣڴϺ§ƣñȳ˯ȥƣȫȫȫɹˣ


328 СŮպ磨ϣ
պ磬1972115ճڽʡ½ӰԱԭӾ˶Աȫ˻ھ籭5
1993꣬ݽѡڵӰõӡŮڱ֮󣬽ӰȦ1997꣬ݵĵӰ۾ǵ10ʿʵӰŮǡй1998ȻŮԱ18𼦽Ůǽ1998꣬ҵϷѧԺϵʵ黰Ժ
ŮСŮھӲŹҪŪϴ
ھһպ罿ĺߵӣǹǿѹٶȸһ˫ɫ۽պķպоգ촭ˡ
ھҲͲסæ˫һŽ§˻
պ罿һһŷ֮ɬŵ顣
պһεͶͱھҲܿԼǹа§סպĽЩ˵磬ĺ
ţ
պ罿ޱȵĶһҪھĻڻټھһ˫ɫֵĽ§Ľ޷ھĻھǾ͵͵Ļ֮ʱ̾ԺһƬհףָо뵽Լ֮ǰ֮ʱһĸףȻֻ¶ȴķıܼһҲΪг
ھˣǷݼ֪ὫպתԼ޾׵һ˫ĿһźԸ֮ӣС죬ǽߺļɢھɫڵζҪھڵ߶ˣھ˫պĽӣѹ˹ȥ
ԼӣպĶҪɤˣһɷ֮ˣȻɷԹﴫͳԼǺӳǽɬĽŤתȥҪܿھǣȻھǻȵϢͻȵ˫۵֮ϣӲ
ھٴĽպתԼ˵磬֪Ҹղŵһۼʱ򣬾ˣ
ھ黰պ߳׵ıˣһĪĴһֱĸоȫĽھĻҲʼӾھٴĽ˫ѹ£һԸԳסպǺӣС죬ֻޱȵĽޱȵھǹǵ㣬ɬպԼǵģ˫Խˣɵͷٵͻպ˫ӣС֮ڣЩ޴պڼҧ֮˵ֿھͷٵĹסС˱
ûб˰˱ԼС࣬պоһǿҵı۰ĸоЩھǼ糱һ˫ҲϱסھľӡպС๴סǵھ˷̰˱պ̴֮ڲͷųķ㣬һֻɫĵպͦ˫֮ϣסʥŮռھȫڱˡ
ھ˫ץס鷿ڴϣϧ黳ͨͨ׵⣬ֻĴôʹֻ࣬ȴղžѾõԸ˿̣ûʲô࣬ûʲôϵ˿̣ھΨһݾһˣպΨһݾһŮˣǴĴҪůѨȣ˶ѣ
պ类ھΥ˷ܣһʴǰ
ھֻÿԵĴѾʹ˶㣬һ̰˱պС࣬һպǰͦʥŮ壬ͬʱպתԼѹʵĴ֮ϡ
պı۾ھ̰ͷץס鷿һֻڿ㸧
պ类ھ˱ԼСЩľˣھɫֲϼӴԼǰǶŮеЩܣھǿ׳ԼһɽѹƵģҪֿҪϢĸо֮ͦҲţţšƵĽ
ھɫѾպǰʥŮ壬һֻɫѾʮĽ⿪պװťֽۣ֮ɫƵպѩ޳֮ϣ󸧰֮ϵļ콿۵Ѩȥ
պ类ھİǹĪĴߵ㣬оھɫԼѨ֮ʱǷݿȵɬкһֱܵĿ־Ľͳ鴤ֻԼѨ֮ڿʼйİҺѨ˿ڿȫʪˡھɫְԼѨ֮ʪʪ˿ڿ㰮ԼѨ꣬պĶޱߵ֮Уھеޱ˷̼ͬʱҲԼޱɬĵʱھպ磬Ȼǵ廹ûȫܵǵȴѾܵһ
ھڿ㣬ʼ黨٣պĴȼнһµ֣Ȼָֻ糣ԼƽѾᣬ۽ǵۻδɡ
ھ֪ǰԳԼпеӣָ黨ٵΧȦͷٵĲŪͷ̧ͷޱ飬죬ֻǺԿЩ
ϵĶӿˣֻȻ黨ٵΧ忪ʼЩŤھͻȻ黨һһ񷢳ѹֵһ̶֪δסʼ黨ද־ѵĿУ첻ԼٷܿԼ壬Ťſ貿ܺ΢ھĳ
ѾоҪϢպ磬ߵֽھƿĵپҪԣ
ΪʲôŮ˶Ҫؼʱ˵仰أ벻ͨ˵Ѿʪˣ֤Ҫ˵ģȴƫƫ˵ҪԣȻҲ֪ŮԽ˵ҪԽҪú
磬㶼ѾʪˣѵҺú𣿡
ھЩаĶպ˵
պķѾʮֵɬˣһ߼ٵĴϢţһŬҪʹԼǹĪĴƽϨȥһھĻڵĴ𷴶ǵĸˣͬʱҲɬ޵ݡھպ罿ޱȵģԽ۰ԽҪռպ½⿪¶ǰɫ˿֣һԷѩ׵˿ֵ֮γ˵鹵ٵĺǽǶѩ׵ٵţͬ˵鹵ҲԽԽ䣬ԽԽ˻ǡ
պ֮ʱھ㽫ͷǷ˵֮УƢھһͷԴ󷢵Ұޣǿ콫ǰɫ˿ֽ⿪ſ㺬סѩ׽۵ٿҰ
պʱĵˣ˫ֽסھͷ­Լȥ̧ͦε˽չʾھɫָӴİպ½۵Ѩ꣬պ㲻˫ȼסھɫ֣Ѩ֮йĴҺ˿ڿ֮ϣʪھɫ֡
ھ˷ܿҰĶպ忪ʼǣ±͵ԴҲӲټӲĳ̶ȣҪ̲պڵҲԽԽǿңһּԼǱպѹסʹѵԴͷųͬʱֽպеһ˫ķֿ
ھ쵽ѵ˿ڿ㣬Ȼ΢΢̧βһϸС˷ܣڽܣӿܽ˿ѵڿȫ¶ǰˣûм壬ڽߣֿɼŮ˵廬۰𪣬ŮķϣвʧŮӵķʡھǰվˣ۾ֱĶ壬ͷŴӽŵͷĿÿһ缡覵ģлǣӵŮˡպ磡ﾹȻҪˣھ޷Աļ
ḧ˻ϸƽ׵СŪպǻԲ󡢽ӯѩΣһָֽպĴȼ䡭ھ޴аòܿͽպòĻȹ̣ڸ岻ͣŤз߽ھպͷ

ͻȻĴ̼ʹպһ£ھ˱ΧƯķۺһ룬˳οʼȦȦָëỬޱȵɫУĴָ黨٣ظŪţʳָĴС۴ضŪ𡭡
ܵеشĴ̼պ׵ǿ̵֣ѨѺˮˣ


329 СŮպ磨У
ھǣպм䣬Ҫ
պ羪
ﲻԡ
պߺ죬һ̬
磬ͳζˣ
ھЦŰ塣
𡭡
պн˫ȣȴھͷȼ䡣ھ黨ϣŲţͷа˱պǽ۵ķۺ۴꣬ͷתպĴ۴ꡢС۴ꡢѨ򡭡

ǣѩ׵Сһպֻߴ𡢺ӵءȻر΢ŲǰƵǹҫۡѩỬԲɺ󣬶ƬۻмشġСȥպֻκ΢ᱡŪ˫һ氮պƬԲѩ۷ΣһϸĶаպ̺ġ⹵һպ͸ýϸϸԣûпʱھǸһѪĿӣҪȻҪĻأ
ھϸϸŪǺ˵Ƭ۴ˮ飬ǿطֿ޳ȣ˶Ųȼ䣬պޱȡֵ̺пҲĴȸ䡢Ѩ⸧ö
պӾӲţϲ쳱˫Ŀգݽҧ´Ѩɧˮͣ˷˵Ĵˮζھһͷһ죬׵ֱ̽ˮԴͷһסպСɰ黨٣ҧһͷҰպޱȡʤѩ΢͹˾ϸëһͷֻ̺콿۵ʪ񹵡ͷͣѨҹθͣÿһԴԴˮһϮζ㣬ھȫȥ
ޣ
պ缱ٵĴģץסھͷ˫ȽסھͷסĴսһůִѨӿ
պ·ƵģѣܷܷץͷԼLVȻץȴֶԼĵ׵θк͸С
磬аǸǰԸǰ챧ôһɫ˯־Ϳ壬ԳԵɿڵı㣬ˣ򸴺󡣡
һλĵٸԴѴģʪճˮۣھһһһֶǣɫպ糱۴渧Ħꡣ
պ类ھ˫ֵĹƣѱɿܵҪ˫Ƚסھħ֣ȻܵȼĹֿ飬ҪһֳӲ̵ȻһԽ𣬵ϾǸׯҸŮԺδɷжеӺ֡
ھվţ뿴ı֣֮Ȼʵţ£ǻ˵ѡһڵȴٰɣǲҲڴھ¾ѹԼ·ֳĴһµ˳պ翴ĴĿ˸·뿴ֲҿӡ
ھһˮܵѨѾˮˣĶ˵磬ﴺˡ
պһҧ촽һΪӦеѿˡſƶ˫ߣֱм䣬ֿ˫ȣһ㿹£˫ȣϥǹ֮䣬˫޷ٲһˡץĻ̌˫ڰзֿˣĹĹȫ¶ǰƵ޷ڣڿĿպʲôˣպ紫ͳŵ䣬ѨҲһ״أɫȻŮôۣǴС۴겢ûкɫس
ݲ಻٣ȵĸΧѨм䰡ڵȴٴ׽պʳ֪ζոճ˱˿ڽﵽ߳ζʱ˿ܻӭղܡ
ھͷպĴȸ˫ִ¸鷿ǰ˫ȴ󿪣ţЩ˼ƿͷСΪڸͷȸ£𽥵Ŀ۴꣬ǲӴÿ뿪ò˫߬߬鷿뿪Ȼ˫ֿ۴꣬Сɵȫ¶ǰһ£ʱһԭͷֿʼסͷֻٱĿжѣȻͷתķݡ
ѳͷպ϶ϣٴαⴥͦ߿ǹȻûзԱ¶ʵ뷨ѽ䵽ϣ˫ȴֿ̧βĹĹѰ졣ͣİƣʼλβԽ̧ԽߣմȺһֱߣҲ޷ͦˡ
ھֹ̧ͣͷպ绵Ц磬㿴ڵƣĺˡ
պѣԼ߸̧Ѿ˳ԣʼѰˣİͷͷߣʱڴϡ
ھ˵磬ǺѿƵģΪʲôҪء
ȻͷϿѣһ˫Ƚסͷ˫Ҳͷʱͷϴתʱ촽𣬲ʱĺʹС۴ǡͷѨҲѹֲסԼʼ͵л˵ţپپҡǲԡҲҪ
ھµļЪ˵ڻ˵Щ㲻Ǻˬţ磬ˬˬ˵
պ粻𻰣ֻǵţ·ŻʵǳͳתöһƮ壬ϵÿһëףĶҪеڻˡھϵĶԽԽҰͷȵɨ۴ѨûζȴϵζױȵĿڸУֻΪպġ
ھպվڴϣҡҡλεվţͷ쵽֮ȥǣͷĿԣŴ죬ƺܾ档򲻵ļ΢΢ֿ˫ȵĶЩ˫ס⣬ȻǿҵĿ岻³Ǿ̫ʱ޷м٣ּվסһ³ֿ̰Уάơ
ҪҡҺ¡
պӵ˵
磬ʲôֻˣ£Һúõ㳢Ȥ
ھ˫͵ذպ硣պ˫§ھĲӣھĻУȥڲպ罿˫Ҳ§ڻͬʱĺ촽ӡھ촽š
ھ벻պ鷿׵ѩ˪ͦɽ壬ͷһ糺ɫھһŴ鷿ּԣ泩ˡ
ھƴִָ꣬ǿţͷӲʯһͦţǱպ壬պѩϸ۵壬ϵ۵Ľʮˣ˵ϸ廬ۣ߻ôȶˣòֽұʹͷĿѣҫͣǷ¡ϳһƬŨںڴֳķݣôԸˣСôƽ̹ۻԲִ󣬷޳ϻܱ˷壬ʴ壬֮ʵһ
Ѽ
ھſڽ࣬˫ð𣬴ΣĻ٣ż뼴̰պһ¶ȥ÷ʹ죬תһ룬˶ׯŽĵɲ֮¾ĻʹòȤòʧҪȴʹܵõߵܣԶ㣬˼㡣
ھȷͷȥһںպ糺ɫͷ˱ҧһָһ鷿һָǰװ۵ķΣָǶë¡УһĲŪʪܵĴˮһ֡
֮£ھɵĽѾͣպ֮ɫ˾ָһ죬Ͳ뵽պˮۺѨȥˣ
ھһָȥԺϾ͸оˣպǷۺɫôĿȫĿԼһָģ֮£ھɵһָָһպ֮Ƿۺɫָʱ̵ھɵ˷
ھоԼ֮£һɹɵĴˮۣԴԴϵĴպ֮ǴѨ˳˳Լָ˴ϣѨȶʪĸоʹھҲоһ˵õĸо֮£ھɵĺݺݵĽԼָպѨв˽ȥھҪԼָպѨвͣ̽ܣ뿴Ѩж


330 СŮպ磨£
ܿھ͸оʧԭھѾԼָ뵽պѨ棬ָȴûиоպѨľͷ֮ھɵҪ̽Ѱպǽľͷ뷨ǽָĲպѨպѨպԸжеˡ
պоھжҲɵĸӵ˷һĸоӿͷʹպڵĿͬˮһӿھɣʹպƽһᵽ˵ͷָȻԼô˷ܣôĳ嶯ĸоȴպɷմûдģܵǿҵĴ̼պһ˫ˮĴ۾вɵ¶һ˿˿Ŀ⣬ھͷֵ֮ͬһˮһŤͬʱպԸж΢촽Ҳɵķ˵پپ㡭ĺѽ㡭ͷָŪ˼ҡúġ
ھ֮ҪպϻôľҪպҪԼȻ뵽Ѩȥպھ֪ԼĿľҪﵽˣΪ˱ھȴûͣ¶պھ¶˾ģǾһҪպղܣպ̲ס˿ԼԺԼŻὫȻݺݵĲ뵽պ֮ǴůʪѨ棬պϳĸ
ӿպȫļɵķˣܵھԺպҲ̲סˣپҰɡܲ˰
պĻھĶھĶɵ΢΢һ֮£ھɵаһ֣ҲŽָ뵽ѨأͳˣҪҽҵСֵܲ嵽Ѩ棬㻹Ҫֵȥѽ
뵽ھǵõһеĶһģָպѨﾡĳպеȥһĿֵĸо
ͬʱھͷҲͣպĴƨһպѩ׶⻬ĴƨϵļԼĸоھһԼݣʼպһѩڴƨϲͣɦҧָպȥ˲һĿֵĸоպȫ¶ھɵͷ£һԴպﲻܿԼӦ
ھպ黨ã˼պеɼ˵ĿУԽԽǿңľպԼܸоҺʼڣպԼ屻ھ裬߷ѵͬʱֿʼԼĸҪǸѬĵĸףأҪ֪ڵѾ쵽ǻ֮꣬ҪԽԽǿңƫƫԼ޷õ󣬴ʱѹԼڵھôһһھ³һڴʹ죬ʱպʪѨѾȫ󿪣ھ˳ưѴִͷ档
պ粻һɲ˸ĸо˫ֻŬڴ֮俹ܣǿʹԼҪھɥʧҡ
պоһĸоԼǷۺɫ촫ԼУʹԼɵĴȶ֮£պ粻ɵĻζԼ֫һӭھָԼĳ壬һţպ类ھŪýһ˫Ťţ˿İ뿪գƬʪ̵ӣֵ¶Եĳ嶯Ҫ鲻ԽһֻȥھȻ
ۡóôѽ
պһסھĴ͸еھĴֳִӲ̣һǸͷĵ׾̾찡
ôһͷ⹵ֺֿ񣬾Ǹݹһպ緼İ룬ǲԼѨ汻ֺֿͷ⹵һĥζ϶Ҫء
ھĴȴֳ콵һ񲻿ɵǰɷˣھŪһ֮󣬷ͷȥ캬˱պƬëͻĴ۴С۴꣬˱ҧۺĴ黨٣ʱѨȥ˱Ūš
پҡˡ㡭ҧҧ˰ɡ硭ҧҧŪŪˡ١׽ŪˡáҪ˰
պﲻĺ߽ţһɻ֭Һھڴڵʳ¶ǣŮڵľӪĲƷ
ھʵڼֲסˣͷҲЩľˣסŵڴϣβſڴϣź·ʱȻͱˣֻǻŲҪѡ
ھպԴɧˮʳɾ󣬷պԲȷֿԼļϣǸķһͷʹպǱʶëԵøͻͦʺëƬϺɫĴ۴м䣬ǺԴϪˮھԼֳĴôͷڶڲŪţֻŪ÷βͣͦա
ھ˫ץסպƨ꣬ƨϵ˳ҵƶ˼£ȻŴѨĦΪܿͻᱻ룬ѨڵļʣסȴǱ˲䡣û뵽ֻĦʼŤƨͦ𣬿ĳѨĴ룬סŤֻżĲȥͷûüͰ˳ȥԽԽˣƨŤķȱˣҲü٣ȴʼղҪպ˵پңҡ
ʼսĬ
ھ̼߳ģ磬㿴ڸأƨŤĺ
պĻҲԼָоβĶȻʣԽԽϸԵ÷ǳ԰ƨɻζĻߡھպȥץͷLVĶ֪ʲôֵ˵
ԭôͥЯǰдƬ
ھһŰպ޽дվЦ
ҪóڲҪ
պּؽ
ͷպͰյĽһдƬպڿһĻĴޱ£΢Цݺŭ
ھպͷÿŴͷĽдգ磬հƬյĺƯ
պ翴дԣһͷͷ޷ϹյĿ⣬Ƭģھٴ̧ͷץͷ޷ٵͷֻҪ۾ͻƬϹĿԣſǻ˵ϹԭңܲˡܲܲˡҪңϹ
ھ˵㣬ѵǺðɣˡ
˵ͰѴ뿪ѨպȻץסĸ첲βӷɧŤš
ھҪЦ磬Ȼô뿪˵˭أ
պϸС̵ҡ
ھЦű磬˵ʲô
պþò
ھЦ˵ɣ㳤̫Ư㱣̫˶ģ̫ƨŤ޷ְ
˵꣬ѴպѨһ룬ƨɶʱŤĸӻˣҪһĲ롣ھţȻץͷŰպ޽дվھЦ磬㲻ǺܰϹΪʲô˲ʱղܣ
պ簧Ƶ˵پ㲻Ҫô˵òãˣҪھˣҪĥˣΪҰְѾƾΪΪˣ㻹Ҫĥ˼ʱھȫжĲɣ̵Ķ˵㿴ϹأϹǰҲǲǺˬأ
պٿͷֲֻܶý˫ۣϵʹϵĿìܽ֯ţʴӡھЩˣɿͷͷ嶶ˣƷ԰ĿУסѴȫѨʱֹͣȻһԭµͷ̧
Ѩůʪ󣬽ھĴȥʱѨԴЩܣγʱЩ뿪ϮһѣΣ˲ʵǰ˲ʵպȷе£Ǹ߹˵ܳɵıӻܵ˾ʱȴתл¾ϣھͷѩ׵βϸ֫£Ե˷ԲԲƨ޿޵ߣ޷ָС۵Ե⣬ĿˮֱɵðγͷƨϿѨոյõĿʧȥˣĲ֪롣
Ҳȴ̫ãھһȵˣѾͳϺɫĴͷպѾͻʪĻ꣬ͷ˳ƬۺĻ϶µĥһξӨŨ֭ɷʺھĴͷպвŪһѸеպĴˮ࣬Ѩڷѵ˿µʱˣƨһ̡ͦһѸɽȥġңھĴʱֻ֭֭Һſպ۷ۺĻͦо͵Ĵһ۵Ȧܵİס
ࡡ
պſڽһҽУʹˡ
߽ʹˣȥھСھֱоպǽСůʪѨ棬һ˵ԼСٿķɷ˫ü壬һʹ̵ģ
ʵպѨȻĴŲȥĴ࣬ǹʹ飬һֲĿУʹպֳʵУԼʸУɵȫѨҲסĳţסĴ
˿ȴĳ彫Ѩ͵ھȴ建飬ѵõĻʱ̸һЩȴЩﵽ߳ʼǰƶβӿ壬ץסβ磬㲻ҪҶҪżҪ֪򲻴Ŷ
ھ̫ڲ̣ʹպź£ׯԸгúϧܳõӵУھȻ߳㣬Ѩе泩ޱȣǻðȻͦ飬ǸĥķʽŤβʹѨתţʪĻ䶯ĥУѾ۵Ļպ˫˶鶯ü۴ʱţ΢ëǶ΢󣬱ϣᴽ΢ᴭ紺ϮھϣھǿűѼ¶ĵıպ֮ҳѪţ³ѪӯͳϺɫĴڽ𴦵Ũܺڴг֭ķۻŵ͹ˮ
ǿҵĴ̼ʹպ߽Уϸܵ΢ڶӭܣۻĻڲշţ˱ϵۣе߱պ۵ĻҧۼУھĴȽѩ֬ȸԲˬھëš
պδܹζ츳Ļھֱйǹɺˬ죬ֱʹպƮƮɡ
պˣûھ֮㵽߳һΪ弱һҹζֻ࣬ȴ⣬Ҳǧ꣬ŵĻᣬ׵ĽҪϸϸƷζġ
պŤˣȴתѨˣѨһµÿһھĴһǿҿУȥܿˣ͵ƨɣ磬ϵⲻҪѨҲö𣿡
պʱ˳СèҲʱܼŮ֧λ԰ɣھ˳ӵӣӼһ壬һȥ鷿еĲλϮʼˣץס鷿ָסͷ鷿أ꣬תʱһֻ־Ȼ쵽ȥ١ĶǺܴ̼ھҲ뿴βŤ뿴̫絽ֻ߳ò
ھץϸʼӿٶȣβⱻײĻζǷĲʧʣһδƽһⷭϸ۰⣬˵Ժײ⣬ֵǣޱȵƨɣƺٿһ۾Ҫ侫ˣ˫ץסƨٻζãֻŮ̫
ѨˮԽԽ࣬ھĴ֮Ħʱǳ˳⻬Ѩḧοͷպ簧ţپҺۼֲסˣº𣿡
ھҲƺܾҲоˣǰڴϣİ˫ֿ̧·ǷһȻȻͻȻ뵽᲻ԺܴʱЩѾˣ뵽ʵʵ⣬ȴĥ´̫£ͨͨ׵Ժרĵʢ硣
ھ˫ȿϣȻ󸩵ϣ˫ȿǰ۵β̧ȻĴһ嵽ףҲǿԲģŴ췢û˿εԭʼǴģȫڿУĴÿΰγεڣÿһβ붼嵽ͷʹĳǶܿץסֱۣڷ·ƮĿлһ㰲ȫС
պͷͣԼ촽ۺͷ촽ôû˰οֻܻలοأھȣͷ쵽סͷ·Ʒζһ£ϷŪһ㣬鶯Ƶʺ˱ͷƵһ£ÿһͲһ£Ҳ죬ҲҲɣԼĸɣǿٵͷھҲĸҡ
ھʼͦͷպľڽĥţڵ⹵ε۵Ļ紺Ű£պ޳Ѿ£˽ֻԷ§ס˴˵β˵ʵϡվŽϣպ⻬ķھĴĥٶȼеѰҵԷ촽ʵƷӵУھƶŲźۼĽպԱߵӣеպʱĶ½ϵ֮У֪Ѿھԣڰպ޽дվ档ھһͦӲĴͷײպӹģպȫһסھβָʶĿ۽֭Һ֭ĽСۺܵļ׳ĴСۺסã˵ֳסˡ
پ㲻ҪͻȻôҡܲˡҡ
պ˫Ŀ۲ת̬ˣȫ΢΢ѩ׵߰䶯ţĲھͦҡѩ׷¡βӭھĹơ
ھϸȴ޹ǵͻȻ鴤սһھۣպ϶סھĳܹǣƬڼҧס
סپҪס
պշ޵ĺ쳱ڴصвͣͦŤʶĥĳܹǡ
պָ£ھͷסպӹĻֻӹ͹ỬСǿҵŤĥƵĲͣĥŴͷϵۣǿҽϵˬɱеѸٴȫxʱھųѪȫļƤ
ڴͬʱһɹŨ΢̵պĵСгھͷڱպůģһĺපסһպѨҲͣ䶯ĥպĸ߳ϣзһƬӨˮ⡣
پΪʲô
߳պϺ쳱δˣ˿űͷȴδ侫ھ
úú磬Ϊ츳սƣ
ھץסպ۵飬ȥһںס΢΢飬պܵߵƼȵĽҺʱһӲӲӣҡ
㲻Ҫپһܲ˵ġ㡭
ھպĿ飬һ˱ĺӣңպ۰˫屻ھ׳ʵزѹýģеļʵ˫ܵԷڴȣϿ¼ͦĴͬʱʼպʪޱȵխСۺгͦʹٶ֮С
پ㡭ǡһ㡭š
պҲܵͦ͹ӭų壬ۻĻСƵĲͣ˱Ĵ
ܽϵ˿˿©һֳڵĴպѩ׷۵޳Ⱥ򾡸Ǽ⣬򻺿콻棬׵ͷʱȫ˳ëڸǵԴشʱÿȶŵƬʺĴϡھأԵͷڷܵظţһ§պɵ֫һְץѵķѩΣ񣬲ԽԽԽԽ
պĽ˽Уżճʪ֮ʴĴˮ۷̶˵ˮɺлʧȥȫȻ۾ԺȫǴ˶Ĵʺۺнû龰֮ȥ
˴˿Ҳ˽ҪͷպƺȫʧҰھ䶯ӭϣϢҡڣ㷢ɢһ˫ƿƱգݽҧĺ촽ΣѩκƲŤ⿪ϼ仹ɼڴļѹ²ͣڵ֭Һ졣
ھ͵պһ磬ڶͷպ̵ĽСۺĥͷڡͻȻһŭպҲŲסһ֫ھһȹӿھͷܴ˳弤Һȫͷˡ
ھ˫Ȼɿкûɵպ̱صڴ֮ϣصȻһȫѹȵ὿ϣ˫һֻһץס⣬Ūš
պ罿úƷԾҲԼѨʹǲʹͦʹĹһٵĸŴɽܵĽӺϣ͸ˣûйͳҹǵһγˣʹ˰Ե״̬УѱھĴĥֵˣھĥʹ⣬иЧĥÿĥһպȫAһ£һֿкûܹģھĥ죬еպѨһɹ̵֭ҺֱŴͷǱ۲͵һѹ̡һѾȫûɵˣůֽ泩ˡ

պһͣĲţAţһĿУȫʹС죬λζ˫һھ
ھûֹͣذѴĲ룬룬ÿζպĻʹֺֹţպ籾̧ܵ߷ΣѹĹͦͦͦھ졢ֻеպѨůֽˮ۲ֱͣһһϵͼŴֱеھ泩ޱȣһɽƵҪˡ
պӣ΢ţ㺹ܣ˿ķϳֳĿֱĽеҵСסĴ졭졭ҪˡҿԡԲˡܲҪˡáҡҪ
ھֳ˶ĴͳͲ壬ʹǳһǳһǳһҳ黨嵽ʱתƨɣʹͷֱŻĥһĸ߳ɣֱɵպˮɽ鱬Ƶģһһ˫Ȳͣȫ^οҡҰڣѪڵ˼㡣
ھҪﵽĸ߳ˣٶǰδңʱץסԼ鷿Ť˼ϲպˣֻһ˷ܵĵͺţ磬պ磬Ҳ㣬ٵˬˬ㡣
պҲɥʧʶĺţپҺˬٵҺˬˬˣ
ĽкУͻȻֱͦ壬Ŵͣ漴һ³鴤ھٵ߳Ҳ˷ܵ㣬ĸٳУһɼĿйᴩ壬Ĵ˲һƬհףҺ䵽ѨһϣȻ󻺻ɵߡ˲˵ֻǳغš
պĹסھȻѾﵽ̶ȣһɫ͸ҺҲҪպӹھٳͼԺ󣬵պٴΡС˱Ȼھһҵضɽ̵ҽؿһɹǵҽ䵽պӹ丵βʣպ类ھĹ̵ҽһһȫëˬ֡
պһĵĽУлŮЪӽŸ߳պ罿κ죬ޣ㺹죬
һǿͬҲڻ绨ٰ㽿޵䡣ŮӵţζŰ
պ߳ˣйˡպеһŵ˷ܸУȸеƣˬɷմδĿУھϢһȻ˾Ȼﲻȥǵʹ
պֻԼĸ߳ͣԼͣУҲ֪ڽʲôҲ֪й˶ٴΣھȴʼղͣĳ̣˿ûļԼСѨҲһֱİסھִȻҸ߳ʱʧ֮ȴֻع԰Ϊպûо˾ĶǵĽھٴʱĴӴϻڵϡ
𣿡
ھպ硣
š
պ˵ţھĻ˯ȥ


331 ˰ϣ
ԭ侲1980929ճ̨ʡ̨Уҵ̨۹ѧԺй̨ŮԱ֡
ŮھȻϽǩԼȻǱ
ھЦſŰ
ģһúöԴ㣬ϾŵģԷ֮ڵĴϣھ˵ḧŵļ米һֻѵ£˫档
ƻȴûзֻǿʼϸϸĴϢ׵ҧ´ھһ㱡֣ʼ촽ľϣļһ𣬱˫Ŀھ˳Ļ棬ʵ壬صشţʱӣңоֻ˫ƻ𣬻̱ԭģҲǱӲ
ĵ׸еͲϵı仯޷Ƶġ֪䣬Ѿ׵ѵͦε壬ٸβȥ⣬˴ݲе
ھĴֲͣ˫ִʱȥʺѣеļ壬ܵĴһ˵ĿӿͷҲǵӡĵסḺ̌ţһȴڵϣھſ壬Сƽ̹СϸŪһӺһ̽ȥ⿪¡
𡭡ҪšҪ
ǽŵӣŵ˵һ˫ĵۿھвĿ⣬һ˻ѩʨӣһӾͻˣϸǣھȴѳô˻˵֮䡣
ëڸµ˫۽޵Ŀھæµţͷҵҡţ´оʱſԸеС죬һ˵Ҳ̼ھԼĳĿӣһ˫۵˴ȺȻ¶
ھŴѵѹư˽ĵȫŮ˵ҲѱŪʱѳɥʧ˷ʶھûͷС춥˫Ҳʧأ˳ƽͷššš̡̡š
ֿˣھͷĿз˱ȥͷھҵһִ壬һɢɦŪţð˫Ƚȥˮ֭һֱϵʪ˷ݺʹҲŪʪָ
ѾˣѾûǳû˵ԭ򣬳˰мįѾõҲסھӲŪš
ھ߳Լɵ£ԭׯİԽɢ˫κ죬΢ţԸеĺ촽΢ţļϸ⻬ͬһ㣬ٸȻˡ
ھſİߣֳߣҵСܵܰɣ
ߵ˫ۿҪھǣסŭǵھϴζջš
Ŷ
һˬĸоֱţ̫ˬˣ
ھְŪ鷿ָᴥͦͷͷǱϡһ÷ΰĿеƵĻصڰڣ΢ס˫۷ġܣʼģ漴÷ͬʱشԽ΢΢¡Сһ緼ݸǰĵطſָŪŲݴԣŮΪص۴ڣؽ߷ֿ
ս鳡ֲëɬСＱæŪŮַ꣬ԵøӴݣذǹɼˣѪҺͬƵģʼϢ
Ǵǻȼʹѩ׵ĴƵſ⣬ھͻȻŵͷм䣬ܸеǴսصм䡣ͻĶȷʵѰһͻȻжϣͻȻɵɵ۾ûвʵͼʼһԲͷĸڲ࣬ڽӽǷ¡縷ʱͼƵģޣҪ
ʱŻİѾ޴ˣ촽ѾǴԷС˫ְͼܵ°̶סҪֿ˫ȵʱ򣬡У
˻ߵؽ¡̱ҴžʧǻھһҲΪһûоɶȷʵھΪģҸӼŮԴлζҰġ
ƴ沿ս˫ȣ˫ּҪֿ˵ʹĽššȥ֮󣬰ķȻ˫ȸһиھץסһ˲䣬Ѹֿ˫ȣڴе۴


332 ˰У
ھ˫ھǧŴﵽķݴУ⻺ǻ´£ӺһӲѸٱ
е޿εģͷڵĸУذѸٵʪˣصѰͻ˳ÿʼѿ͡ڵֻĽüΪ̰ģԼһŮص۴ƴϴա٣ⰮͶŪ£һʺĻſ
Ů˵ַר־ӣŲᣬ壬˰ֽסǸӲ۾һֱؿŰ̽ĹͷĽĴϣԲ⻬ĹͷųţΪͦ˶󿴵ָ̯ײ׳¶ȥ
ǰûϸ˵ıʹǿҲû˽Ĺ۲츧ĦȵĿһҺӹͷӿָסʵҺоĹͷȡʱҺʵָϡջأקһܳϸ͸ָ߳ŵ촽ͷһ£ߴָתƵͷϡ
ðãھ̾
ҲȫУھõһŪִʱͷŰ
ͷھŸһƵ΢Цһζı走ԴһŪţĿѾѾĴϣʹƨɳ׵ر¶ھܲŪʱı飬ǷԵ࣬޳ȿϣһ§Ըеƨɣȥˮ֭ܵѨ
ھ۵۴ʱܹоɢ³ѨڣҧסƬǵ۴˱ţĴ̼̲סţͬʱӴ˰ȡھ§ԸеβͷѨ֣ȥĥۻڡ
ԽԽѨдˮ֭ѽŪʪھմˮ۵ָ쵽ǰߵýŤһߡ
ھָŪʪ˵۴ҡŻԲƨɶšھŵͦǸǼӲصïķݴУѲηĵֹֿŵذһ˫չ·Ҳڴ˵Ľϡֻʪ˵Ļһò͹٣ŷ·֮ͷʱһϲȥ²ĸоǿķ·ŵ˰ա
ʱİȫκαװھ˳Ͻһֻпӡ
ھǿ۰׻ķȣڷӳµ˽޵ˮҡ΢΢Ŀھ˽֮ԼɷҲûϸؿһӿֽ˫ۣ·ʹǰľ̬
Ƿʵ˫ȴ¶ĵ뷨˿߳ܵһ𣬲סضţϸ۵ͻͻֱ˿̵ͷ磬糺죬ȫ㣬̬ˣھѾҲ̲סˣסԼŭͦ׼ڴϵŮݺݲ롣
ִӲ˳ʪȵѨصز˽ȥƴŮĤ˳һ嵽ףеԼʪȵѨȻһִȵļһһݵĳʵкǸ̷һı͵ؾŤ
ƨҪھһ֧ڴϣһסϸļ磬ʹ޷ѣžһһůܵѨصس
찡Ůǽ۵ܴôֱһ԰ھ˷ܵƮƮɣеܵѨסԼͻȻͷƨһһ̧ģĿУھ˫زβ̧ߣȻѹİس
ھ񱩴³ļ£ׯĵİǺ޷ƾҼţϴйšĴ۷屻ȥֵһԷҲõƵԾš
ζھݲݽҪݲϺ٣ԹԵضԼڴϣԼĿϣˣֻⳡجΣƻվŷֿĴȣϣһ壬ھһͦһͦϹţ۵Ծš
˫ֻŰӯʺƨɣò˫ۻסھĲӣҡϸ֫۾
һ˫ѩ׵ĴȴڵϣΪԸСٵƵԺ䷢
Ūһھһ߸⻬ıһϣ˫֧ϣŤƨŪϴˬоһ§ѻУһֽ§סԲƨɣͦӲڰܵѨпٳţһ³¿ֵ
ʱھðתɵϣͿҲûԹʽԺӵת۷Բ¡̵ķΣסմˮ֭ĽѨ׼ȥŶ
Ѩĸоˬ϶ûӲȻβСĵŤţΪ˵ľֹһյͨ죬ǻƻϼˡ


333 ˰£
ϵٸھ㣬ͣ§סѨпٳ壬ž̡ž̡ž̡
ĥĴˮ֭ϴ´
žžžž̡̡
ھҲ಻סѨԽԽͣԽԽ
Ľصڰ޹УһŮ׹䡣
ĳ弸ʮºھ㺹ܵ£Ӻڡ׸߸ߵ𣬽ɰնʱɬŰƨϵķۼŮеܰ͹⻬ȻŤƨɣǼӲȵһ۵Ѩд̣߹Ů޹ǵسһ

鲻Խطһǵļʵĸо䡣Һƻڲ˰㷭̫ˣ
Ƶʽؼӿ죬һ߸̾һߴնƨŤתĳ̡ڰĹԽص⣬һ趯·ɣҲһζͽǲϴ̼ŪʱΪе϶ĥʱص䣬ݺݵţǸʹݵطˡ𽥵ӦĽ࣬ÿĿ˰ϯʱüٸ߿ԣˮȥʱֻ὿شϢ̾Ϣ
ʱھǸɫֶָӣµߣָӼַָĸ߳һȽļҲһۣǻԻͲõıŷͬһԣسݳУĸ߳һһǳʵʵǡ
ܸеھǸڵͣס˫ۣ϶ļ⣬еĸоѼ¸һ֮ϣѹ£һĿԻסˣʹ˻ĸоһһȫչħĳụ̂Լ壬ƴذǷ¡һ
ڰ买¡صһһ׸ļƷڿУǸںڵצһ±ߴ̴۴вλ˲䣬ȫҵز
ھĴزγڳŮѨѰߵĿУŮ΢С죬ĽģüëԹ͸һ˿˷ܣѾְ״̬ˡ
ĳʵӦʹĵײ˼ȵ߳ܺУеԲԼɷ򣬿ͬʱѲ˽ȥ޷԰Σһ־ͷʹŬʹȴĿǰĴھתųλʱԲβͷǵĹĹȫȫĳǰ


334 ˰꣩
ŨܵķŹĹһֱ쵽šھûǰѹڰԸеϣ̡
һϤⶴˡٸǹͻĶ׮ƵĶŪšֻѨڵƤߵİߵĦһ˿϶ûˣܡһ㣬ܲˡˬҪءءҪˡ
ԽԽˣķҡڣžžžءม
ھҲ޷Լļ飬ִѾǵ޶ȡĴСⶴûһ˿һ϶ššʶھĸоѨеƣ˱ȵÿγ鶯ĥڣλŮ
Ƕô ͷںڴ׳ĻԲ۵ȼǽСϸнţλ߹ׯŵŮȴУ̫ˬζʵ̫ˣ
ھһһʹѵĽϵĿƵĳ롣ŮҵĿ籩꣬ʼţѨˬҡܡѽ硭̫ˬˡ
ޣް޿Щ壡
ھͬʱҲԽԽ˷ܣҵĳ壬ɿظͬһ
ϵִ϶ѨУϵʣ󡭡ܣ󡭡ܣɣġ壬ЩҰɣܲ
ھþȫӽţתɡ졭ҡ
ھһеС죬һͦƨɿٳ壬⽥ӿ죬㣬죬졭
ƾѵԾ飬оѨеӴִ󣬼Ծγ֣֪Ҫйò̧ͷſС죬㡭ܡáˡҵĺܡҵɡҡҪˡ͡졭ҡ̫ǿˡѽ
ھʶĽס˫裬ĲѨУģͷһһţ϶ӹ³Ĺ̵ҽһɹɹ̵ҽŮúѨġļ̼ѨҲˣ
һŮ˴ƶ˱µԨĽк׹ŮջҲһ˴׹µķйھſʱ˶񱻳ȥ˹ͷƵģ̱˴ϣֻ¶Ų΢΢ŵķ۵Ĵƨϣ׵Ѩһʱ޷պϣһɴ׵Һﻺ˳һľɫ
ھ龰Ҳɵ˷Ҳˣ³һһߣ


335 ŪPϣ
С˵¼Ǵ壬ŮǿӲԭŮ޶ѣƣñ񣬷Ƿǵ˶Ҫʿ͵룡ӹӣڣгһгΪŮȫգŮtv棬糡棬˰棡ʷϵһŮС˵⣬ֻдŮģСûϵһΪŮΪձҸ֯ԡ˵¹ӰǸʵܶ˰дŮˣ޷ܣǸԵĻҪգӲ˵Ůˣ۾Ϲ˻ǸүҲۣԭŮǳ¿Ķһ۾֪ˣһǣŮֱӷָĿռ䣬ᱻŮ˹ŮΣ̸ӵģ߲ǾյŮ˻ҪɢأҿɽܲˡоϲĶˣڣггΪӺ󹬴Խ˴壬ΪİطGδӺʵۣƿ£աġ񡷡д紨أүˣ󹬵ŮǣҰɣ
ע⣺鼫а񣬶ҲдʲôϷŮȫյģ
P1976629ճϺкй½ŮԱҵϺϷѧԺ94ϵưࡣ
1996ƾӾ硶հ¼2007ݡܶеնһ֪ȡ2008Ա 飬һŮͬƾӰƬˡóʵӰŮǽ
ȣ1976927ճϺŮԱ1998ҵϺϷѧԺ
ŮȻҪǱġ
PɳϣھҲղŵƣӻϣҲûȻӭĿڿͦţǶû˵۹ڶԷ
ȰʱһȥھͻȻоԽԽȣ̧ĨĨϵĺ顣
ղŵ˶ܴѽPЦǷִ򿪴̨ϵĵȣھڿְĻԲİ΢΢Ĳг鹵͸Ľ͸ֱԼзۺͷѾͦˡ
ô󰡣ھס̾
PһСְסɳϣ㡭͵˼ң
˿ǰλһߵٸ㷢뼯һƮɢļգۿȥ˿裬ĶͷϸϸҶüԧҶü˫Ƥĵۣ峺Ӳϵ͸ĹâǺܸȴ̱ͦ͸ĹСϱºԸк촽Щ΢̴ǣԺ񱡲һ޺촽ѪԵ˶̲סһ
¿һ߸ߵĲƷ壬Ʒһ鹵ѪƷȹ޳ȣ˿İһ˷ȣ޳ʵվţ˲ɵ뵽ȼʥĽء
ȵķպûشӶȹĿ洵ȥȹPԸеСڿѩ޳ȣȫޱسھǰĿPʽĿ¶۰׼ͱϸխڿŵĹڿϸխĲ߼ķݵƤ¶ںķݺʹױɴڿγǿҵӾԱȡ
P㲻ǡˣPͨؽȹӰ£ĵؽᣬˣ۸˼ң
ӣ̵ܶĶȹߣڿֵ¶ھվͦߵPڴϣѹԵ壬ס̺СţPһ򿪣ͷP鵴Ȼ鲻Խ㻬ͷӭ쵽ﻬţǰԲء
P޳廬ȻھϽסŤ񻽿ĿвͣţţھҺ˱ͷ˳ȳƽʵСȿȥ޳Ĵ͸ˮ͸ɫͲ˿෢˵Ĺ
P޳˴΢΢ֿ˿͸ڿںģ͸ڿ±ߴ͸ɫˮͲ˿࣬Ͳ˿˿ϸ߻Ƶھ¶˴ȸƤھۻȣ˵ǵɳȥɣ
P˵ĳȷȻҧھ죬һɳھ˵İŵPˮ͸ɫͲ˿ѩ޳žµĵɫ߸ϵЬ޼ˣԲμϸףԲ˵ĴСȵ⻬ȳƣϸ߸ЬԲĽ׼Ľűĵϸᣬ˼ֱҪ
ھֳPϸСᵽ䣬⿪Ьϵ棬PСŰϸۣ͸˿ԿƤ¼ϸľ⻬Ľ׽ϾֺȳƣھŪĽֺɦĽģ۵ᴥදסPһֻŵɫ߸Ь㡣
ڵɫϵЬӳԵúϸֺԲ󣬴ĴָָЩƺҪ˿ƵģھץסP⻬ϸ۵㣬ͻȻ˻ȥѸ߸ЬѵҲѹϣPţ΢Ħ˿ȣӽűСȵȸš
PͣţھţPĽֺ˿ѽűͣСŵĴָŪھҧסPĽֺϸϸƷζϢ˿౻ĿˮȫŪʪˣ˿PϸСȣֱϥǣڲ
PŰŴʽ˿ྡͷ۰ϸµļ͸˿ڿ۰׵ĹɼǰסŨڷխСԵھĴڲϸỬļ۶ȥP˵մҺ͸˿ڿŨܷݴԵ۶֣ھͷűڿĴ۴ǰ۶ڵ̼
ھ۶ڣPзţС°ͷھָP˵ȣ˵͵ߣϸϸƷŽֺĻ󣬸ɢ㣬PƵţƶ촽ȥPĽֺʼ޷ܡ
̬Pͨ콿
ҾϲھֳPĶȹȹ˳ķݴԣʳָḧỬˣָѳʪ۶鶯
PķӦ󣬺٣۶ȣѩ޳ųͲѥԶſھذڿϥǣPƯˣÿ˯
𣿡P˵ĴȺϥϣھ°͸˿ڿ㣬P۴¶


336 ŪPУ
ھPںڵïܷݣǷ۴˱ţⲦ۴¶۶ڣʪ۶ڵѿѰҧ򶯣ͷ۶˱֭Pɫзĵھͦ˵۶жȥ
PͻȻѹھƿҪǲ˵ҵȹϸ߸ЬҪ뿪
PȦֺαΪԼأھ˵˳̧ͷһPȹ׷⾡ϸխڿʪһƬ֪ǸղĴ̼PϾջïܷݣϸPƽСѩ׵أ̲סϸȣ̲סš
PͷеܣʲôѽͷʱͻȻʧȥ£ھ˫ſѻPסгԵ壬ָоʵ˼¡
PԲ鷿ʵ̫ˣھʵ޷ԼͣP鷿PûκεķֻذͷϣĶ߷΢С
ھоP񻽿ûȣԸеԲѹĥţȻҧĶ䣬ľPӴ󣬺٣ھ֪Pһζ飬־ظP۶
ҪӣǲԵģھָ۶ʱP̲סгһѽP§ڻ˵Сϡ
PϢھǳףֵͷϣPǰ˵ļͦ鷿ţг鹵Ϸۺ϶С㣬뱭ʽֲȫڸ˷飬δ˿ֱ΢¶һŤ۵鷿¶
ھĶPˮ͸ɫͲ˿޳ȣ¶ֺ߸ЬϸϸĴЬϻߣµ۵ĽֺϸĽƷۺĽŸ߸¡ĽŹϸĽγĻߣ˿ϵֺ⴦͸ģϸɵĽֺͿ͸ɫֺͣ˳ĽϿȥϸС޳Ĵȱ˿סȸ͸˿ڿںھķӡ͸ıɴ׿С
ûУ󻵵Pͷϵģ
ڵϾûпοأھӵP
ҪҪPૡ
ھPŵϣֽ⿪£¶ѩļֿۣ˿ֻ䣬ӯ¶ķ飬̼PŤϸͣ
ھP޳ȣϸ۹⻬ĦţỬļPỬСPֺмķ϶ţPɰĽֺһ±ֱˣҧסPСſţPĽֺﹴͷ߸ЬЬҲˣڹ⻬ĽϣPСĽֺҡš
ھǵPĽűѸ߸ЬЬ۽⿪ŪĽֺӽһֱ򵽽Ÿסֺ˺ҧţPĽֺﲻͣĹţ뿪˿۵СٵỬĴȣ޳ϸµţ˿סԲ̰Σ̽ȼ˿ڿĦʺĴ۴ꡣ
PıｿţǰԲλӦھָĶھͷ۵Ĵȣڲ໬ļPĺ٣ȼ䱻͸ڿŵĹ͸ң͸ڿԿۺĴ۴꣬ɫ˳ݸ۶ڣ΢ڸ¡
ھڿµ⣬Ǽ⼷ѹŻˣPְסͷн޳ȣĳխȹ¶ݵ⹵ڴ߷ֿ±ˮ͸ɫͲ˿࣬¶۰Ĵȣ¶ԲΣмŵİ͸˿ڿ۶Ѿʪ͸ˡ
ھP˿ڿ㣬̧һ˿ҵĺ壬Өѩۣ޹ǣˮӣ˴ѣԲ壬ϸСƽУȾ޳ϸ㷢ĵգ۰뿪գ˿¶˵΢Цϴȥ§޶˵ǣȼ۶ϲҺѸķŪʪģ۰͹Ħš
P˵ĴϢ˫죬հŵĿ̲סһУھֱڴм˲ãĴȣٰϥǶм䣬ָ۶ڣˣP˫糺죬˿ȫʪ妵۶ðĴˮ֭


337 ŪP£
ھٰPԲ̧ߣѷ߷ֿм䣬P߸͹𣬳ϸķݣϸ죬ۺĴ۴ıպţھֲۺĴ۴꣬춹͹ϣ΢۶ڣƬʺɫС۴ڴ۴ϣʺɫˮ֭Ĺã
ۺ÷۰̫ˣھ̾
ҪˣھPĺ촽Բ鷿ϣһָ޷գͷ˱۵⣬ΣPţھԸƽŴϣ촽۵Ĵȡ
P΢ţھ⣬˵£۴ָ꣬۴¶۶նỬĶڼȥ¶ڵۻ촽Ƶѷ춥ˣѰɰСˣñǼ캬ס˱ҧţָʪ۶иоڹ̵¶ȣָԵİҺ𤸽ָϣʺС۴ָĽ룬ݼҧŲĺˡ
ˡPͺŽ˵ڸʪھͷɬɬİҺ
ҪPغţھסС˰棬ס۶İҺ
ȸ߳һΰɣھָĦP۶ԼСˣȵ۶ҵس鶯ָǻ
⻵PָھͷץţҺ߽š
ھP͵ϻƶڶķĦԼƤʪ۴΢ţھƿ۴ͷչȥ죬˱СˣPסͷʹѹţ΢΢ſڣ淺Ϣ
ھСP˵ҵ
PͺˣھȲȽ洦޵ķݰΧ۶ѾſС¶⣬۶ڷ䶯
㻵ˣP˽ӣھͦս
P˵һ㣡
ھP۶ǻߣʱĥ٣ʱò۴꣬ʱǳ̶ڣPôĵ뿪촽뿪شϢ͵ģ۶Ѵˮ֭ڣ쳣ؽͦھ⽫λ
ˡⶺ˼ңPھĽ۶ڣݺݵز룬Pؽ̫˰㰡
ھ̫ͣʧȥĵPıϣȫ壬PĽ⣺鰡㡭۰
Pʪ۶鴤ڽסԲҡʪȵ۶СץɳｿţھϵıP۶ûֲϵĳP޳ѹԲ鷿ӿٶȡ
ϴľΣPѹ棬ھҡϸȻֳŴ̧ԸԲھ쵽鷿ŷͷPǰڶԲƨӭ¶ı飬ѹ⻬˵Ȱڵھıڶײӭϡ
Pھʵ
ˣҴûֿܹУھPĳɻذٰࡣ
Pֽھĸ첲ƺţû⣬۶еһ飬۵ڹͷˢţھͷһϲųѪѪܣʹP۶խĥ۴ųͼϽϳ
ھͣǰƽʹPϸ۵ԲαŪڰУֱֱĴȣ񵹣һָPïܵķݣ뱻ſС۴סˣֻҺʪιϾջǳƨָۣѹƨΧϸܵ壬ȥ
PСƨڻȵѹھָûйĴ̼۶⼱䶯ھָ϶壬ھǿҵسָͣҵ࣬PҪһ㣬ӣСڿŵſϸСַǰҪƿ
ٺ٣ھʮֵ⣬Pвסѹֵţ΢ռٵĺҡڵ߲˱£ҡţ㷢ɢҵŷ۾Ž˫ۣζŷխ۶쳣Һӿ
ھǰȥPݽҧ촽߽ץɳԲǿʶؽţร𶯡ҡûˡˡˣ
ھ˳⣬Ķֻ۶˱Źͷ£ӿ̵殣P޳ѹأPֻ裬̫ˡ̫ˡ˵ûġڵİ˵ŷ±ǰȣָԸء
P״Բ鷿鹵ϸСƽ̹С޳ȣɢڴϵ˿ּ͸ڿ̼ھǿҵĳ鶯ͣ䶯۶ʱͻȻŶ룬ų㷢ڰ׷ˮĵۿP޳ȹסھĳת毰׵ķ͸죬̺ӣСԵΡ
ǣûסɣŤżѩϸ۵С߹PЦ˵ôɣ̸һһϵӣھһ׷
Ҿ֪㲻ŹҵģPȥȣŤ簼͹Ľӵͷ˿İɫȹԸزPȰԲź۰罿Ƶھǰ
ͦŷ鷿ھŤ˵ȳȴȹӵĿ¶㷢˵ζ΢΢źΣĵķϣPȣæԸеȼнСְƨѹ£Բѩ鷿ĥѩ׵ĺ鱻ھѹɺʵԲ̣߼ૺ߽Уҡ졭׼
˱ǵھѪ٣Цǰ˺Ửϲȥ˵ĴȸֵģŪھP۶Ӵ׳
ô󰡡ˬˣPеı仯ţ÷糺죬Ÿղűھɵζ
ˡɧŤϸߵСȭPߵͨ˳㷢С˻Ҷˣ
ʲôղеıһأPƲƲС졣
ھסȵС֣΢ЦķЦʵң˭Ư
⡭ô˵ء㡭Pûھ˵꣬۶ݺݼһ£ھϡһæ˵˵˵ǶƯ
ûǵ˭ƯأȻӶСȭھסСһ
ͬһ͵ģ㽿С˰Pʹ˳嶯ոʤھæ˵
ɫǣϲ˭Ц˵Сֿʼ
ϲھȱ￴㷢գ˳ĳҲͦP̵۶
Pʤߣͨ죬΢գʵСŰյģĽú٣¶ƵƵھ촽˱ȵķ㾱С죬˱ۻָ࣬P壬ȵ˿ɫȹŪĻԲ鷿
ȵ鷿ûP˶󣬵ͬӵ״͵ԣͬϸۣ嶼ǻԲͦеԣΨһͬPļҪȰЩȽ§ھĲӣŤ㴽
ھָͷȷۺͷźС죬ıȹȴȵĻ弡΢΢һСַPȼźֵָƤСָPѲۻˡ
Ǻ۸ң
Pߵðͷ£н޳ĽߣھȽС§뻳УŻԲ壬ȵֽǣھָ˿ǿ㸧ȵ۶
ȳȵ۶ˮ֭ǿŪʪС췢Щ΢ھڿʵԲףָһˮ֭۶ڽȥ
ھӿٶP۶ͣPȶѹֲסĽţͬԸеԴ˷һھֲ۴꣬۶ڡ
糺סھ۶֣ھһˣſӣӣСС˺ߣгȹ£СѩϺɫ͸˿ڷ鷿ϣϸȳƵ۶ڷۺ۴ѱˮ֭ʪˡ
ھȵĲӣƸ֣ŷ۵Σ˱ͦͷƽСŨܵķݣȴĵ˽УھְP鷿۶ڵ۴ĥP۴֭Źͷְ۶Уùͷû漴۴ĥĿСȻPѾθ߳ƺߣƵƵƶ۰׵Բ϶ţҪھĲ롣
ˡɣھȻĶPС֣ΣPԲ׵ƨһ̡û۶ڡ
ϵͦðھЦ˵PƺţԲζøˣ۶ڽھץϸP˵ĽߣײӯƨɵġžžͲеġ̡̡Ұصš
ھŬĳţP۵۴Ľźϣ֭Ŵ⻬תͷȣڰĵƹ£ȵĽС尼͹£ˮ͸糺ĽС΢̵㴽ѩ׵ļ鷿۵⣬۹⻬ԲΣϸ۵ȣ͹ĳŨڵѱˮ֭ʪķɢޱȵȻ
ھٴȵıŨںڵķݽ˵۶ΧģֵմʪܵĴˮ֭ʺ۴ź⶯ţϵӣСͬջھѩ׵ȷֿ۶ڣ˱ĴС۴꣬ҧˡ
šŪҡˡ滵ȱĵףԲŤͦڣֽסھͷϲõĽǣܲˡѽ㡭ҺҡҪҪйˡ
ھþ˱ҧʪ⣬ȵ۶̵Ĵˮ֭ȰѩԲ̧øߣھʳĴˮ֭ȸ߸¡̺ѷԺںֵķŨܣʵθ¡ϣƬ۵۴߸ͻм֣ʱPʶ۵ƨɣ鷿ӯɢĵķϡ
ھP޳Ĵȷֿͷĥ۶Ϸ۵٣ѩ׵Ĵڲͷۺ۶Һۣմˮ֭ľϡܣۺĴ۴ͻ߷ֿ¶̺죬մ͸Һ۵С۴ʹ۶Ө͸ȵ۶̧P۵Ĵȣʹѩ׵ƨ΢΢ͦP۵죬ſ۴ʪܵ۶Pд۶н
ȶʪ⺬Źͷ䶯͵ĳʵʹP˵Ťڳ壬ھP۵۶۵۴ߣͷܵضѹ۶⣬Pֱͦ޳Ƚزҵĵţǳ۵ʪ۴⶯Pĺ飬۷۶ĥѹ⡣
PŤ޳ĴȣۺŽ΢ԲΰڶҡͦھPĴѹǰݺݲʪ˵ڣͷ۵۶Ĵײ۵ƨɣžžÿĥһΣPĽͻ鴤һ£ÿ鴤һ£۶ҲһΣͻȶʪѨĿ޷ֵ
PķȽ͹ӭ룬ﲻͣ㡭㡭ܲˡŶŶҿ첻ˡᡭޡޡ㰡
ھͦݺݲPѨڣεֻʣͷڶڴȻؼٲ뵽ģPʺ۴طС졢Ťź⶯۶ǼͲ壬ɵϸϸ˿ˮֱ֭˳ŷΰѴŪʪ
ھPý͵ů۶ݲͳ顢δ⣬Ҳ۴΢΢췢ͣP۵۶ܵ˱ŹͷŤֵ˺߽ţࡡˬҡҡŶҡŶҿ첻ˡ
ھͷײŻģP濪ȣŴ棬ͦԲĳ壬ֱ޳ȣСѨڴˮ֭йĹͷ弤ڻ࣬۶ȵͷǵӹ
ˡˡ˰Pѩ׽㺹̱ڴϣĵĵҲˡˡһġȥȰɡ


338 ˫Pȣϣ
ھPѾ΢΢׵۶ڳȻӲתȣùͷȵ۶ĥĥɧͣźĥˡ졭塭ɡ󡭡㡭ҵȰˡ
ģ֪ղűҧʱйһδˮ֭˷ܵ״̬Ҫ͵ĳ巽һйе˵ýţҿ㡭㻹׽Ūҡ졭ȥѽ
ɧ͵飬ھ׼۶͵زȥƴŮĤͷסů۶ýϸϸھ
ô󡭡ˬȳ˵ʹھǿҵ侫ȵ۶̧ķϣֱסԲƨɣɳվȽСգ⻬źۼ§סĲӡ
áھȽСվڵץ׶ԲΣȽСϣȦѹϣʹͷ뵽۶ڴδΪˮ֭󻬣һҲĥʹˮ֭ġӳ
ˡมðҴûԹPĽѱϵۿǵĹƣ¶ĽСﲻƫİߡղôңһɣȣ
ˡP㡭㲻֪жһŵ
ҲҪҲҪɣPʾƵ˽дɳھ޹ǵۻźȦסС쵽ͷỬĥС΢ţסĶҧţھǰйĿûͷȱϴתſ˱̺ͷ
˱ˡܲˡҡ죡ȹھϽţԲƨɷӭ͵鷿»εţˮ֭۶ӣӿٶȡ
ȣϲϲҸ㣿ھʵ
ϲϲŪáҺҲˡйˣȱھͷнˮ֭ййȿϽھŵɳϣĺ촽Բ鷿
ҡҲҪ棡PָǣھԣPסȿϣ۶׼Բ³뵽۶С
Ŷóʵ۰ԲһһҶ飬PŤ㺹񻽿ĽУมฺˬˬѽ
ھסPԲķ龡긧ԼͦⱻӲ綹P۶ͷЮˡมˣ
㺹ȿ׶ӣźϣͷ㷢ɢھͦӭϣʱ϶ͷֱĻģPת˽ţࡡҡҪйˡӴˡһûأ
PھϣϸϸƫġôղŸҡһҲᡭˣ
ҲʧģھPѩ׷Σ⻬޳Ȱ⵽䣬ͦ񻽿ֱ⻬׾ߵ롣
PŤţͦԲӭھֳ£ץֱȼϼPźĲӣ˫˫ȫ࣬ʧȥ֧ŵ񻽿ԲѹĥȸղŵƻҪ̼޳ĽȽСҪصĶ࣬ѹķҲࡣ
ˡˡھҵͲţP촽΢ߣมม̫ˬˡáûô
ȿPɧӵЦû˵ɡǲˬˣ
šš˰P˺ߣҺáˬţ
ھֹͣ鶯ԲηɳϣP÷Ǻ죬Ұ졭ң
ھȽСɳһPȽСϣͬԲ̵һP۶ȷ¡ͻͦø̡
ҪˡһŤ˽ţھͲͳ飬Pˬ÷ڣ㷢ҷɣ˽УมมܲҪ塭
ھPԸ壬ȽϱԻԲ鷿ѹһ۷Ƚʲͬ¡͵ţ۵۶һһ˵⶯źҺմPҺխ۶ĳĴP۶۵С۴꣬ȱͷɢ˿㺹ʹˮ֭Ūʪɳ


339 ˫PȣУ
มûŮˡ桭ѽȱˮ֭ʪ۶ͼ£ھֲѹ۶ϷPϸС
ˡ尡Pסۣѩ׵ĲȥС췢˵Уխ۶е泩ޱȣھĥʽŤƨɣʹͷ۶
มúP۶ĥˬ˽ţֽ§סھ̧סԲƴŤͦӭϹͷĥļУ۶סĥý㺹죬΢գķֳĻá
źáˬǿมܡܲ˰Ӵ̫̫ˣ˵PԸеСƵƵʪܵĴˮ֭۶P͵ó콿ϡ
ҵʲô̫أھ֪ʵ
ᡭ۸ң֪ʵġ㡭̫̫ˣPʤߣϸૡ
˵ˬھʵ
㡭ͻ۸ҡ¡ˬP١
ϺŮֳһǶׯ֮⣬Ҳ˵ô׵ĻﰡPʲôˬ˵ȻҿɲھŵЦ
Pּ˼¡۶áˬ
ڸʲô
ˣھĹͷͣ۶̣̽˲ǿҵĿС
PŤ״ɰ㷢ķ˶ԲΣҡںͽҺϲĴ
P泩״Σµô鵴Сھקϣھ쵽ȺPŵԷӯ鷿䣬ֱͦĥĿУָ۵ʹĵŽķŰȻ飬΢Եýޱȡ
Ӵš⫵Ľ¶޵İ⣬ھĳ
ӴߡáðมˬPʧĽǣƵڣ˿㷢裬㺹ɧ̬緢ĸ
มมˬมҪййˣP˫üأŨȵĴˮ֭۶й
ھйPȷתϣȸظ߸ԲİΣϸС⹵¶ţ۶ʪܵĴˮ֭ʹ̺۴žӨ⣬ͷƳھ˵ĵ״ھḧСԲΣ۶
üһ彿ţֵˡˣСֺץţһСץסPӯĺ顣
ư˵ġPͻȻϮҲҺ߽𰡡ץ
ȿP飬Ƥô󰡣ҵĴ˰
ھѩ׵ϳȱץסPĺ飬˳ĳɢƮҷ
ֳڴŤԲӭţӯӯһյ鷿ѹPʵػζţĺװ˵鲨ھǰȻζ鷿ֱȻԲ鷿ײ⣬ָϸ۵ԲΣǰ̣ͦȳ޵ĽŤӭϡ
ھԲκ涥ȵ۶飬ӣС꽿䣬ٽţมˬˡúมܲˡˬ졭Ҫйˣ
⻬ѩ׵岼ĺ飬ھȵĸģĳ壬߳壬۶Ƭϸ۴ĳ۶йȺĴˮ֭˱ŹͷҪҪйˡ
ƴ̧ͦԲӭţĴϢŸPϣھȱϿ޵P㷢Pɬָȥϵĺ飬ھȽС壬Pķۼգ㴽⻬ࣺ𣿡
Ӷ˵ţҪ˵ߵ÷糺졣
PԷߺıסۣƵŤᡭ滵Ǹɳ˻ʡǺ󣬽§סھߵðͷصھѩ׵źۣPӯĺ鼷˵鹵
㻹ҪʲôPգ峺Ĵ۾ûˡҿɲˡ˰
ھáɳϣĳÿ۵ĹЦ򣡡
PҡףҪడҲҪ
ھѹףۻգſС죬ǿ룬PΣĺ촽סͷ׾غסǰ鶯żȻΪ̫Ϳ
ڴϡЦ汿ⶼᰡ
ھȵͷճPˮͱȵԸк촽УҧɨС첻ͣ˱崿غŪƽұջ򳢹ͷۡЦ¶СPʾƵ׶ۣáð
ھʽȵĺ촽УPĲŹĿ䣬˳صʹ۾ȵĶȽںڳõһߣ¶˪ѩķ۾ſСںŪЦù˵ĵۣȿڼһ˵ЦӯӯؿĺͷŴ׳İھҲѾۻ˼ޣȻһ䣬оͷҺ壬Цķָʳָ϶ʹһ̰ӱըԵ˻
ˣPԣھסǰµPչſС콫кŪ
ȹھǰPĵĵͷңPСɵϷھСＤҳ鶯P׿ٵĶţԭٽСڲͣ˱£Ҫﶥ㣬˽ͷҪ³ץסͷײĺӣСڱŨŨľҺ
PŤͷŻŻţĽˣ˼Ű
ŪǿǺö˵ۻСͷͷǲдľҺţŴӣС콫̽£ͷڹͷתţֻͣͷǰͦͣݵ˫﷢˱ġ̡
PԾĵɴۿȣץھңӣСڽסήţӣౡ˱ھּͦۻСŹͷӲķǡ
ˡôӲ崿˵Ц³ӲP񻽿Ƶھǰ


340 ˫Pȣ£
ڵװׯװ֪ˣھȼP޳Ĵȼ䣬Ħ¡
Pƽ̹Сɶµ׺ϡķݣ˫üҧס´⻬ѩ׵Ľھס鷿żͦ⣬ĴĴţ۶ҺģۺС۴΢ţ롣
P۶ȻխеԣھͼȻ룬P淺쳱٣ȹ󣬻ڲһӿٶȣPۣҡĲˡĥҺ۰Ҫ˰
ھͷPҺʪι۵ľ٣Ⱥͥǻ䶯ָPӯץ۵ĺţPϷ۵ͦ͹ţһֱ鷿֣쵽Pˮ֭۶۵ѷָʳָˣִǰյĴȸ۵۴ꡣ
P΢ŵ۴ʪĻ֣ˮָ֭մҺỬ˵ĽСţ΢ţҲҪ԰
ھPſڴߣ޳Ĵȣץס۵ԲΣתȦƵŤƨɹĦȸţͷĦʪ۴ճİҺʪھƶͷϮʹԲ׵ƨͻϸСľһ㼷޲ȥ
Pҧʹʹͣѽมʹͷٿڵǻҧס۶ܺܶĸоĵס
ھָۻĺСȵнĳ壬ͷȵĻۼסĸо˷ܣ§Pץ鷿ƨǰͷͦPƨɱؼѹĸⱻѹȵıΡ
P޽ţŤŰԲӱܣھץסź۰壬ָŪ۴Ⱥ۶͹ˣۺ۵죬PŤţPȲþȫѹͷû˽ȥķУխСľ
˺ѵĸоʹPſҲҪʹܲˡŹҰɿ졭ʹʹѽPĲھ˷ܣһͷֱ롣
ÿھĶһΣPʹһΣˬĲPľˣ۶İҺѾʪʹĹͷ˳ߺߵȼʪĿͦķһʹСеĽк
PľҪжھѹ󣬱۾ױȵĿУо˸ؿֱȼţ۾ԭȣһֻԼĽ鷿˫΢ţﴭŴ
ץסھְ꣬ս壬ͦذѻԲ͵ߣ캬PӲͦͷ˱ţ򶯣̽ʪ۶ĳˮȹ⻬Ĵڲ
ھϸ۴꣬΢ŤС壬ھȥ촽㻬С촽ס˱ָPʪι͵Pڴͷ񻽿򿪰۵ĴȣСͷŨܵķݴӿȥ
ھſïܵķݣӨİҺǳ۵۶ţͷϵȥĳ鴤﷢ģĴϢСԲΰڶ촽ˣָ۶궯ճĴиǰδеĿС
ȱ۾ڶԲھ촽ȽصĴϢһ¶ͣ´վPߣתʸԲβ濪ȣְŴߣͷұ۴ںֵɢ˵Ĺâھ޳ĴȺԲεߣǵĸˡ
졭ҪȽĵ˺š
Pһ˾ǣæҡԲİΣȥɣ˼ҶȲˣ
ھæ뿪Pȵľ٣ϲλ룬εƿƵķ΢ġۡһPСƨ۱ųһԲԲġOͣPűʹľ٣ѽ㿴ϲˡҪǻȥɷôͰ
Ҫģھɳϣ֣һϣСץ۴ȥԲǰ崣ҡڣǺ
ھȵ۴ٵˣֳϣ۴е۶ţתͷP

ʲôPｿţϴھԡ
ھץPԲͷϣץԲһ֣P޳Ȳ濪ǰͦεѹͷϣɢ㣬ʵأŵʮ塣
ҪʲôPƲƲС죬ھץ˶ƷζĴУָŤ۵⡣
ϵ㣬ϣPŲŰ۵ƨɣһӴ⣬ھƨ⻬ֳԵƤĴУͷι䶯ľϣᶥžϸܵ޹
Ҫ˰P˵ĽţھPظԲļͷ̵Բִƨɣһ⻹ųO͵ľ򶯣ǿҵĴ̼ʹPס۶;٣ſԲҲָԭװ
ĿҮPպϵľ٣أӣھһȿɰĽСھϾţȻPţھȵ˱飬ĽҲ㡣
ھPźĺ飬P鷿΢ЦĿ˫ֱĲӣ΢죬ھ鷿ƣPͷﻬţֻP¡ϸ˵鷿ָͷƵϣͷ
PķݱҺմʪھָP۶﷭PϸҡﲻţҺմʪھʪȵ۶סʪʪ۶û䶯ѹͷŴءĽ
Pھǰƿһȣɫ죬ͷҲˣźˮ۰鷿ζ۶¸Ūھ͵̧ƨɰ϶ȵͷϵĺټַȹԲļͷϣͷɢĵĺѩײϻļʱȼٽſϡ
ʪھ죬С̽Ѱţھȷ壬⣬Pͦű鷿Ҳھ̰ۻҵĿŻԲ壬ͷ˱ͬ۵ͷҴͬ彿ĵץۻֵİ⡣
PƤܰ׺ܹ⻬ʷʵƨʮַ飬ԲߣϡķڲסĹĵͥ޳ȼûһ϶ϥͷԲԲСȺȳƣҲȵƤûP𪣬ͬ⻬ԲƨҲԲСҪPϸЩȳƵûP޳ֱͬ㣬СϵȴĸPضãͬǱԲ
PĽȽС嶼޹ֵʮ㣬ǵ۾ؿھͷP麬ͷ⣬ȵţȼŴڲ⻬Ƥ
PϢŲ濪ȣӭھͷԼǰ⣬ͷӲھͷ˱Pͷĺϡ
ھְȵǣɳɳ죬ָֿ۴ָ꣬۴ȵ۶ں𤻬ˮҺھָ̽۶ڣŰʳָҲȥ
ָڵ۶תȦһ⣬ȴȶСPֽסھͷס䣬ɣҪ
ھPѩ׷壬ỬP촽۾ʵţ룬ؽִϢţСֲͣĦıھͽPʪ۶ڵ۶ùͷ۶ؽβ壬ָȹ̵۶
Pײֿ޷ݣͦҡԲСţھĳҺ۶ﴫžžžPǰڶԲΣھĳմPİҺPİҺҲϵıŴȥ
มมP۶Σͦ׶ھͷͷŪţPﲻϷҡԲΣھļȫӿٶȣҪһ۶
PˣһƬƬƶĺ飬˳Ÿ첲̺ϣϣͷĺˮǰصεPظͶϣĺˮСϪʡ
P۾ؿھ۾°ڶʹ̧ӭǺǡشŴǻƣPſڴϲ濪Ⱦ۵ƨɣھʰ׵⣬¶۵۴꣬ķݴʪĹŵÿģ¶мֵĶ϶ֱסP׼۶ڣͷסƬ۴м䣬ܹǶסPƨɣڡ
ھǰӣP˶飬ָɵزŪӲӲ⣬Сǰͦǰڶ󻬵۶ػPηм۶PصʶöӴ˶ȣøӼ٣۶Ĥϱ˳
ھſPϣ鷿ĶδɣPȫģȻ۶һھĹͷԵظеһȣؼֵͷӽ˶ͷĸо
Ҫˣھе˵ֽذסP۵ΰ꣬϶ý۶ݺݲ˼£ͦ嵽۶ͷ
ҪڡɣPŤѵ˵ɴ˫ۣſ죬彩ֱ鴤۶ھʼٵţͷ͵ͣP۶ҲľΣľҺҲƲסֱֱP۶ȫӹ
ŶھıסP۶ĳ鶯PΪ߳İס
ſĴȼ۶סڵеɹɾ汼ӵ໥ţʱ¶СŮʽĵƤͷھͷ´ŪѾƣھģģİ£Ӳˣֱͦͦİǡ
ȿPЦţλƴƴ֣ôܸˣھŽСȺ͸PŮӭתͦǸɵ


341 ٷұϣ
ٷңŮˣ1973917ճۡ1989μӹߵӾٰĳģش1991꣬17ĲٷҲμС㾺ѡü۵ӹ㲥޹˾ǩԼӶ1994ݹװӰƷ֥֮졷1995ݾͷӰ֮¹ⱦС1998ƾ衶ġٻǧǻ԰佱Ůǡ2000꣬桢»ɺӯΪΪTVBĴ󻨵
ŮˣھȻҪǱھ־ϲٷҸʷأ
ٷᡮšһСֽ§סھĲ΢գԵļǰҲ
ھֹļ˷ٷҵ·ֱѵʱٷ޳ȱ¶ڿھ˫ḧ˼£µĲٷҲ˵ĽŤ
ھĿƵխСĶֿϣɫĶֿʱѾȫٷҵİҺʪھֱоԼһͷԷȣ̲סǶֿ΢΢ĲλŶֿ̼Ů֮
ҪܡھϹ˼˼Ҫˡٷֱоߴ˸һֿм˿˿
ţתϹúÿƨɺòãھɫ䶢ŲٷҶֿѩ׵˵
ܲٷҽޱȣھİ£ڳһ׸ĽֻٷĽſڴϣǰ˶鲻ŲٷҽʱҡڣҲ֮˵Сȴ߸ߵ
ԵӾھ˿ˮ˫ĸǷɢϡﲻпٷҵκԲð׻ôխСķɫֿסԲΣֻһСϸݽ˵Ĺȣ˵ĺɫɫĵشҲ¶Щ
ţƨɺԸаھаа˵ȻھٺٵһЦȻһָĲ˼Դھֻоָһʪխȵľش֮
ˡϸ˼ҡˡٷҽţŶ϶˵ʱٷͨ죬ĿС΢ţȻǶ鲻ѣ
˵ϹϹôʰ㣡ھһЦǸٷָγָϴʱĲٷҵİҺ
ٷСţԹԵſ졫ھ˵ŽǸմŲٷҰҺָ
ٷͱھԣʶ촽֪һʪԼСнٷ֪ǰ˵ָҲĬɫǶ
ôһ嵭΢̼˵ζٷʱˣɶھԾ۸Լ˼İҺ˼ҵŪߣˡ
۸˼ҡ˵Ҫ˼Ҫ˼ҵġٷգˮ۾ԹޱȵĻͷھ
ھٷԹӣеԼʲôãôô̬⣬ǰҺԼŮ˵㣬ڱƬﵹǳŮǽǰҺʥˮǺȵʹ졣ٷȻǸ뺷ɱ֣ԵǸԷܴͳˣָΪԼŪء
ھæٷСָγǸ˵Բ𣬹ţԺҲˣòã
ţԺ۸˼ҡ˼ҾͲˡٷҽȴ۵ġ
ھٷҲûжԼҲȻˡ
˲ٷҵ£ھֻɫҼ͸ֽİסǷӣھȲذ˫ַϡھƽĵ鷿ܴ󣬺ͦͷҲôԲɫ
ھ⺬ͷͷϵޣ촽ϵζԶһ㣬ھ˼ӣھĺѽ鷿ķĺܺãҺܸԡٷҺɫͷѩ׵鹵ھеһѣ鷿ۣеԣͷӲˡ
ھʹššţǽؼѹһʵʵѹھ£ھھѹٷҵ鷿ϣѹҡĥšٷҴϢţţ۰׵ķ۱۽§ھھٴʹ˱ٷҵͷʱٷҼ΢΢ˡ
ŤС˫΢򣬷βڶˣ͸¶ԼʵջǷŵ̬ھҲ֪ѹ˫ȼ䣬ĦȺ塣忿ھ鷿ھֱϣٷһߵ΢˫ۣӣھĺ촽Ө͸
ھС죬ٷӵһڵϡھеʪʪһּζһ˫ֻסھͷסھͷбھգھһһͳϢٷҿкͿˮζһ𴫹ٷҿʼھ촽סھ죬ھоԼ촽Ҳմ˲ٷĿˮ
Ȼھ촽ŨŨͷٷҵھĿȥھҲ鲻Խͷһ𣬽šھţ§ٷҵĲӡ
ٷ˫ھ滹Զſ˫ȡھزŪ۵뽫ָ̽ڡصھؿڣ³һһ鷿ѹھֱۺ䶯ţھ͡
ھϣķ˿ھߡھͷķ˿Уѩ׵Ĵϣоðģģһûһ覴ãھ־ơ
ٷȾһƬκ죬¶޳ȣ׺ġëŨܣط΢΢ͻ𣬺ϲ


342 ٷұУ
ھһָеĺܽȷ죬Ħ﷢˺ĴھԾǣȻѴȲ濪ˣھǰ
ھȻŹˣָƬм仺ĦھʪˣĴʼպСһŬıţԼܴھֽһӴ˹ƣڿҲھڿ㱻ھϥȲ濪ھָѨֱֱһҲƨȥ
סھھϽšھָ⣬ָסӹֱҧھƽѩƤǰףʴ޵鷿ھѪš
ھؽסֻ쵽ǰ棬סӱ鷿󵨵ذ쵽ٷҵأһԵʮ鷿Կó鷿ۣ֬߸ͦͷϣʱŪԼ鷿
ѩ׷˫¶ţѩ׷˵úܣһ˫ȵȷˣѩ׵ҫۣ޳ֱ࣬ûһ˿⡣ھֿʼõ߶ƽıϻβܵĴȵĹ⻬
һҹھ㡣ٷֻͨǴƵĿ֬㣬¡ϼͦͷںޣ¶۵Ĵȣ۰׵¶ھǰ㲻ٿܡ
ֽţһĸоھơھֵظŪѰů鷿Ȼھ޵鷿ǵŮޣûʲôȵŮϵ鷿óԡ
ھҲѹֵĴϢ˫飬һ߰ͦšھһ˫ͷϵ٣òͣС
Ⱦִٵؽ֯һ𣬷۰׵⡣
ھʩһŴӵϣھָĦĽףֻĽźߵعһ޳ȫ¶ˡ
һ˿ҵ¶۵壬¡ĵĴɫë󲿷ֶ档һϸϸĺɫ죬ĴϻһԴԵë
㣬ֺ̽鷿ѩ׵ͦϣͬһ԰ɫ΢΢زţǺɫɿȥֻǺСһȦͷСŵĺ棬׺˫֮ϡ
ʴƨ·ͨ͸εĺ촽յھĶߣؿñֱҽŷŵھǰԼ˫Ĵȸھھͷһȡ
ھץסĸ첲ʱھеһͻ塣ھһְֻڣܸܵº͵ھȥ
ھæ£˫ĴȡĽźϸֺͿźɫָͣھһס˵㣬һַĴȣָмܻƬ̣˫ʹ۽ϸ
ٷҲͣีĽУھ߿˫ȣھһץס˫磬ڴϣȻס㴽ʮۣһ㷴ûе£ֳ˰
ھŽţ飬غǡٷҵĴҲھͷ޼ɵ׷ʱƺΪŶᶶšھٷҶЩ촽òֿˡ
ھḧٷǵ֬۵գ˫ھƵĿ⣬ɬض˼£㲻ھעӣſ޵ͣۡ
ᡭš
˵ھĶߡͷھȵĿǻﻬȥʱܵݵͷ˱Ѿ͵ͬһѡ
ٷҵ˫ֽھͷÿھʼھͷͻеһɺ󳶵غͻȻھͷѹϣᶶżһ˵ĵĵ𣺡
ھָͷ
ھͷȥһ캬סһ̺ͷھĴٷ͵ͷਣٷܵһ̷˴ҺҲԵĸоڿʪˡ
зһתɰյۣȻھƣ˿ڿھ徹ëھֹͣ̽ھʳָָ
΢΢ſڲϡطھûסھͷͷ촽˱
ھѳֲסһѱѩ׵Сɽۺͷھ壬ھֲĦһƬëСѨһʪ͸ھСĵھʹ֮£ٷҲϵġŰ
ھǻһƬھƤؿһۣˣḧƽʵĴ϶дڹëĿڣھָȫͣ壬˿ƵŪëھȥ·
ھС˵ٺҵɵڴϣϾھһھſϣһָ嵽Ļûܵκ谭


343 ٷұ£
ھ§סʪ༷ھţǰסھıѸٸھ˵šɡ
ӡӨĴȡ֫鷿õĻߵĴϢٷҳɢھ־ߣƶٷſ˫ȺھְܳɧѨʱšš
ƨ¶˳׶¶˵ȵĸ˫ֽĴȷ޵ѨھСèھǰھŴ۾Ƭ¶ھָƬ¶ɭֵڴʱڴϵٷҼ¶°˫ſ¶ش
ھٷӵ뻳Уھ޹˼ɣ޾ھĿڡࡢھ֣ھȥꡢѹ˱ҧٷҵ鷿ͷ
ھٷҲ֬۵Ĺ⻬ͷϸϸüëͿ۲ʵ۾۵۶ǡ۵֬۲ҧıӡ޵촽ھۻ-
ٷҴϢеȲš
ھٷ߬סھĴеԼϲ䡭ļҺʪ˵塭ٷţŤŰ۵ķΡšһھ˿ȼھļϣھŵһŮ˵ζھıӣСȣȻ壬յھֳһ֡
ھͷһ¿ˮͷٷҵĿ䣬ȵϢͣɱǿٷҵСɣȲǺֻܿھָСҲǺܳĺëĺһһµĶţɫۺۺģЩʪĹЩζھָο֣ץסѿٷһͦ

ٷҺһΪھץסеĻ١
㲻Ҫѽ
ھָһֱ
ԽԽ٣ٷС㽿ţһ紺ָֽ쵽ٷҵضСĵŪšھ˫۽˼ǣͷһšٷҲϺߺţŤţ˫ֽץھļţھ˫ҲסȥٷҰزھŪǶԷۺɫͷʱھ˷ܵ˫ץ˫ûؼ궯ٷǶۿھһۣھ˫˳ٷƣٷ˫Ρ
ߡߡมߡٷұ˫ĳƮţӷۺɫٷҵŤһ¡ھָһ뿪ٷѩƽ̹С粨˰Ϊܴ̼ȫ类絽ĿпߡУָҪࡣָ첦ٷһҡӺȲϵĲһɫҺ建й㻵˼˵ھָһٷҵڡӴҪٷҷ۵СԽԽ죬ţ岻סŤţȴ£˫ְסھͷȽعסھľ
ššھŻӡšھָֽɦٷҵڣȻⷭ¶ڱڡۺɫģۺ۵ģƨɶʪҮٷҲͦˣ˫Ҷ˺ѣˣ״̬ࡣҪٸˣھھҪˣ֣û㡰ٷŬھͷͦھ»ŵ΢¶һ۵ٺ΢΢ſķۺڡ
ٷһҲСŮ˰ѽܲˡ
ٷվڴأ˫ֲŰھͷϣھһͷխȹף澹Ȼһɵζ淢ౡھʳٷҵСѨ
ھֱסٷҵβѨھھ졢µٷȫ泩Ȼھٷҵβ١ٷҵھһͦھҧţٷһԾ̧βҺھԸɾ
ھ˫ֳſ˫ȣ¶ھͷھ⸲ϱھ˫ʳָſڣٷҲûУֻǲͣĴϢš
ھŴڳİҺЩɬǳҺ޵ζھԲڴİҺھֻϢھĿƳ촽ߴڲ࣬ڣƵߴڲֱ࣬ɳһΣҧںëھĵƵëǵشϸزھϸҧÿ缡飬ѹ飬ͣ鹵ͷ飬ϸ֬㡣
ھ˫ַٷҵȣٷҵĴȸٷҵĴȹ绬һ˵Ȳˮۡ
ھҧ˿ڣСĵһʵϥǴٷҵĴȣٷҾЩЦϥǣٷҵϥǺܹǸУھоܺá
ھͷٷҵ˿ൽĽ㴦ھһ·ȣ˷ܵòšŽ˿ѵ¶ٷҵ㣬ʱͷȣܰ׺ܰףֺܳСȥպãֺھֺЩÿֺ϶Ϳֺͣȥ˭Ѫġ
ھתٷ̲סٷߣָţٷްָھתšٷƺϲھ۵ָھԣǷǳ΢˫ͷԼ޴вϷߺ
ٷѩ׵׺һԺɫӲݣȫһ˿ңŶһλΣھĿⲻ˶ת
    ע⵽ھ濪ȣ¶˫ȼ֮ſ׵ҫ۵ĴȣԼ˫ھָȻĵĲţ˫ֲ鷿׵鷿ˣھҵر˫Ǻͷ


344 ٷұ꣩
΢һۣٷҵĴʪزţ̲סϱȥٷһҲ类ܰ㶶šˮ˹۵㣡ھҲͲסˣţ·ԲƵġоǣƬͬʱ˫Юţ̲סš
ھ˫ƬϸŪȻѨϵţʱĥˡ޵СѨֱھǣھÿڷѨѨаҺ㣡ھ˱
ٷϥͷ˫ȽھͷżƴĴȲͣﵽ߳ƨҲʼ´
ĺԽԽ٣еޡޡ
һ㣬޵ھھ͵ߵζھÿڷؼھͷ޵ѨҵŪҺմͷھHŪҰ˽У
ھ£ٷ180ȵھϣѹھھҲץסٷҵͷѹȥϹ˳סھӲ΢΢ſС죬ؽھĴͷ˽ȥűãһһͷĶֽ˫ȴ¶ʪʪյھٷ˫ֳھĴϣŪھͷһھڣȻؽھĴ˵СţڵıԵһֱͷϴת˱СԸٶȵ´ھ˷ܣһ³ھΧԸе˫ţٺھиš
ٷҵĿڼõúܣǰɷڽھ˷ܵץٷҵķʱۣѹھ죬ëھ߸оֵֹġھһٷС죬ֱٷҵĴھĸоٷҽھĴ룬ھ͵ָˡ˿ڽʮھٷھ鶯ʱܻἰʱ³סھֹھ
ھûжٵëٷҺΪ硣ٷھ̶ھĴСϸָĦƨΧھƨ۴Ūš
ھ˷֮ͷٷҵѨûؼţٷҶʱֺߺˣƨѹĻķסھ졣ھ˫˳ٷƣٷ˫ΣھٴηֿٷҵĴͷȥˣһģİҺھ
ھٷŪԽԽٷҵͷҵһһԸ˵С̵ھ˫ֺݺݵץٷҵƨʹסھͷ
ھٷٷҵھھʳָŪٷҵˣ˵ʳָָһسͲ£һٷҵİҺȻൽھָѵһıмƷھܴ
ھٷҵȦȦ죬Ȼ䲻غݺһڡร
ٷҽ˳ھѨٷҵĴԽԽҺϵشصζһž˷ζ
ʱٷңݽҧ´Ϸšš
ٷҺȻڵظţھһ㣬Ȼ˱Ѩҵѱܵ
ʱٷҳһֻڴϣѩ׵Ѿر¶ھǰھӵٷҳϣ˫嶥ھزоáӣھֳ嶯˴ܵٷҵȫϣεѹס˫ֽ˫壬Ļеȥ
ھ˳һٷҵ£ھתͷȥǣ˳ȥھ˫˫ȼ䣬ſȣıλС
˵ˣɲܸҡ
ھǰһͣСܵ׼ȷĶʪСϣһҵλãͷֿڣ޷˵ؼ˽ȥٷҲʱĺ߽ջھӿ졣ھ˳ƽٷҵѨ¹Ȼܻھͷһٷ̺ⶴھٷҵСѨھ˷Īԥھ̽˽
һеխڽھҪĦھֻڸоůţǿʼлճУھ΢һµݺݵؽٷҵŮĤشٴСɿɰѨغסھ׳̰ؽھٷĸ

ٷҵһӱýֱһƺۡھһʹСܵ˳ͻϰһůʪܵ硣
ھ˻˶ԳƵİھСܵܽסĽͣ䶯ţƺ泤С˱ھһššܲˡม
ٷüչٷҵ΢΢¶ı顣
ԸеСд·彥еˡȻٷҵſھס߳еھϽס壬Цڳһָֻ֣Žٷ
ٷұھסֳھļϴϢţɢŷ˿ٷֱͦ֫ھɴ˫۶סٷǰǶԸʵ˫壬˵ƯΣŻᶶѡھתƣ˩˿һءٷɫʹ޳˫ڲţʮָץھļھʱһ飬˫ֽץס˫顣
ھ˫ּǷΣھ˫ھͷٷҵӿʼضţ첲ʹȾצצһزסھҵһ߿ھ𣺡มϹ
ʮ²ŽƽϢ
ٷͬһ̲̱ھ£ھһ˫飬ʱҲ¡šϹڻȡš
ٷҵĻѴˣھĴȱߣھһֱŨŨںڵëھһٷҵĴȣͷִʪʪˡ
ΪܷھɴСϣٷſȣмѿһ죬Ȼھïʢĺںڵë֮У¶Ƭ⣬ԴɫĴԵмǺɫģʪģٷҼĴ̼ھ
ٷҪţ˫Żſ繷ڴϣĴƨɣǰһػζšھ˫˳ٷҵСɵĽһ·˳˿ڲ˵׺ε񻨣׺ε񻨵Բʳš
ٷסСѨھֻýٷƨŪӴٷʱٷҵ紥㶶һ£ƺ˵еԸдھͷһؼɢŨŨ鹵ͬʱٷҲ䶯ķӭھھץٷҵ䶯ͷ˷ܵƷζ
ٷҺ˽ţţھּŪ飬ٷƺ˷ܣԭСѨ򵱳ԼѨϸָҲץסھѾ͵뵽ůСѨСھĸ첲ʹһͱһȫ룬ھһҲ³һھھز棬Ľ䶯󻬡
Щ̲סˣŤϸСҡŷӯΣƬ۵ĦھԸеĺ촽΢΢ţһ˵ૡϹĥˡ
ھҲǸ֭˫˳ٷθж顣ʶûȵ۶ٷҹȻǾĿˣŲͣصŪٷҵⶴжٷҴѶ˶Ρ
ھֱָٷҵСУٷҲͣİҺҺͿȫ͸ɫ˿봲ȫʪھĲƨʮ֮ãȫزٷҵСˬھȫ궯ٷѩ׵壬ڵھʶ̬ھٷҵ֮пȥ΢ŵƬһΰҺԼðŨܵëУٷסŪһֲëſƬʪʪֹͣܵļ⣬ӭ˵ʵи
ģƶͷԵĨĨİҺһְֻѲϵİƤƿٰͷƵھͷϵȥٷԼͷһֱһʼһһϣʱŹǿڣ˳ĽǶȣ
ٷҵǳʪŤһһɸоھͷھĹٷůʪ妵סͷǰһֱȻſſǶٴμסָоҳŴԲ
ٷʱҡƨɷʱĽǶȣȫ롣Ȼֻȫȫİסʵھȴȫסȫھһ΢ӲĶ޷ǰˣٷҲǰſھϣסھͷбھգھһһͳϢٷǱߴٷתͷھ촽סھ촽ٷҵͷͷھĿȥ
ھͣٷҵüͼʹƶȻÿھһܵѹžһһдԣٷſھϣʵĸоŤƨĥϽסǸʪ͸ѨȫʱͿʼŤھɣΪȻıеýġ
ร
ٷƨԽŤԽ죬ҲԽԽھ֪ٷһٵŤƨɺѴﵽθ߳ˣٷҵСѨԽԽʪھĿҲӸոյ־ĥĿתֻнĴѨУٷˣҲСˡţţţรϹأţร˻
Ȼھϡ
ſŵٷ˵ˣδĻŤƨɣΪֳͲͬڸ߳߳һָ߳ѨĳȴάһγʱھʹܴԽԽĳнܳĴ̼
ھĴٷҵгʱоˣšҪôҪˣ˼һҪٲһ
ھٷҷѹ棬̧ܵھϣͦץסھͷ׼ڣһֻߣŨܵëȻٲĴھͷöסȵڡมˣϹҪ㰡
ھһӲͦƨһѹ֨һھûٷССʪڣٷҶʱ
ղٷھʱھоСպã벻ٷҵڱȸղŵСˣؿھھ³鶯ٷҵȥһµͱţϴϷٷҵķȽĲסھֻ£һ𼸺ʹھܶھƴزٷҵİҺŪôʪʪġ
รϹ
Ҫ㣬ˬô
มมˬˬ
ھ˫ٷҵϸͱٷ˷ܵؿˣϴţһЩ໰Ҳѿڶ
˫ͻȻſôˣھ㻬û뵽ȼھľȻнƨɣһӼסھھŬһٷַھƨɣáϹҡǻʽ֫ſڴھӺش
ٷҵʽֱ̫˵ˣڣھָᲦͷһͦתŽٷҵĿɰˡٷھ£ǰǰңһزȻٷҵ˽бȸղŻͣ˷ܵȫҺ˳ھȲ¡
ھԽԽӲͱʮ£ֿ˫ȣھСھ߰ͷԵƨɡھǰŹɹơߵĳʪ˿ٷң΢쵽סھʱͷûл˷ֵм䡣
šš
ٷüšھҪš
Ŷ
ھֻûʪķУס˽һȦ⣺桭һ㡣
£šá󡭡̫󰡡

ͻȻͷСڣھ϶ȥ̡һֻûСֻʪܵСѨ
ǰ˫ֳھϣҵĴţø硭ĺôѽášš̫̫ϲˡŶŶ
۵ĴƨȴƶţŪţھҲɣӭ϶ٷҵСѨܣһȦȦʪ˿ޣŪھͷ
λв֮ǿϵĵطֻüǳǳëŵ֮£ֵиȻΪٷҵ֭Һ裬̡̡
׶šھ˵šٷҡáðɣ㾡˶ھС
̰ضšŤţˬˬ¡ôôʪšѡˡ
ھۣе㲻ȶŤţԭȵ˫ַס˳ָȥŪһԳͦĺɫ١ھԼŪǶͷĶ˼£ֻȻͦţС˻˻"Ȼ󡭡ͻȻ£ھؿڣָھļȫţСѨǽշţůҺ漤
ھѹ£ٷҵĶ˵㡭߳ʱ򣬺ˣֻƶ졭"ٷҴӣС죬ھĴгھȡķۺСͷھ⡢촽Ʋ˱ھڳƵ㷢ǵĿ϶
ٷң˵ģˬʹ"ͨ죬ָھգٷұѹھϣٷſھھ촽ร
ھ˫ץȣһ
ھ˫ֽշǰأ˫ۣھ֣ڵɸе˷ܵķھǰȥ߽һ˫ץŴ˫ڣСھ˳ٲ룬˳롭ؽţھͷеһһĿУɽƣԽԽߡ
Ŀһαһθ󣬽Ҳˡھ˫ǰס˫飬ʧȥƵ˫ȣƣЮھھҵţʹ˫飬ȥ˫Ҳ˱ھͷ
ھӣҡεúܣھȥʮκҵУھסӣ˳
ڵشϢؿţ˫鲻ͣ²ջھھǰ˫ס飬ͷʹ˱ס⣬ҧţͷš
һŴڣ롣ھϥǰסھȷУԳһ£ھʹβǰƣٶȽڣھƹȥѹϣھ뿪Ĵδۣھ̾һͷ΢΢һ˵Ҫúáϧң𡭡̫
˵ٱ˳յߵۣӰޡ
ھ˫Ʒֱ࣬βʩȥھʪ˳гͨ裬ھͷںĦһһУھƳ۳ƽԭϣھ𽥼Ӵ죬ͷƫһߣ˫ֿסھľ
ھÿƽһΣ˫Ͳһ£񶹸һھе˷ܣӼ£ʱ򣬱ѹڵذھԵֱӣھ壬˫Ʒھ΢΢ǰƣȻͷƺ޷ھ΢΢ǰ˼Σ˫ļ˵º飬ʪ͸ĳɨھա
ھ٣ʼھ϶ھٶѹڴϣھ˫ץסضʹؽϣʮεĦŵ˸߳ʱţʱţȥִھϻ䣬ҡβѵ鷿ϣ沿޺
ھĴϢͻھ֮ĺˮҡʱɶ䶯˫飬ھ£ԭʼɣʹھ𽥴ﵽ߳ھʼеڽЩˣھǰһҲȫĿھϣھӵš
Ż󿪣ھĿԼë׵ҹ棬ٷҷ۵ľھߣʪ˵ھĸֻǸͦͦٶԽԽ죬Ĵ̡̡ٷԽԽ󣬱˫ֶھͦһͷĳһ˦㽫ϰסѿʼǰ۳ңٷҧŴסУǰھٶҲ𽥼ӿ죬ͣİͷǰĳҲ˦ģǰھĻǲסС
ھٷҹɼľһһģ֪ĸ߳ҪˣַٷҵƬƨɣѾʼͣĴͦ˫ֵָٷƨɵ⣬һֻʳָ쳤ȥٷҵƨۣŪٷһļⲻָֻͣȻһڽȥ
𡭡桭˼ҡšมáˬ
ϴ󡰹̡̡ھٷҵƨһѹϷһͦһͦȻա
ٷҼ״ʼ̧βٵŪھ鷿ҵİڶţü۵ıǰŲڶ˽Уٷ۷ֱշ죬촽΢ţҲӿ˴ϢС¹ײɧͣ΢΢໥Ħһ£ֹƨɽסŤһ£ʱ˲Һ
ھѾھ׼ٷҵٷҵĹɼ䣬һƣھĴٷҵԼһ룬ٷ΢΢üﺬھָƺһھץٷҵƨɷĳ̣Ȼٷҵ˺ܶҺĽȻɹĦھÿζٷٷ﷢ġšš
ҲԽԽ죬ԽԽھٶȼӿ졣
ٷҡš
ĽˣҲü񣬵ʼû뿪ھָھٷҷڴ漴ľٷҵŲſľѾٷҵС߶ˣһ嵽ףͷʱصײӹϣٷһǿҵĿУУ
ھײÿζӹٷˬ˼㣬߳һνһεֻһüͷ˱ھʳָһУʱв
ھʼٴηسҲԽԽأԽԽͻȻھеСѨһֻҲʹסھļ磬Ƚסھȴˣ˵ڴϣһν塣
ǵġ
ЦЦ̧ھϡɫëĴγǿҵķھޱȳ嶯Ȼͦھ޳ȼھļϣزðϢ˵ѾʪһƬ࣬Ҳ
ھҡһ£ھһۣ
ھֻڲʼ¡ܣھסϸʼŤԲƨھһһµͦ鷿Ҳھ
ھԷھϣͷĻȻʼʶھļó죬ҧԼ´ˮŪʪ㷢һڶǰͷüͦھĳ鶯һһϣſڴϣӣβ߸ߵ
ھƬ׵ƨм䣬ۺɫƨźϣղʱİҺҲʪջھھַסֻƨɣһֻסѾӲޱȵ۶ȥ
ŶЩôְ
ŤͷھһۣĵھղѾһԱȽϹ⻬۶Ҳմ˰ҺھִѨ
ůֽĸоʹھɿسӭգתھڣʰĵƨҲӭգǿʼھ֪ѾסˣƨγڴϣݺݵزһֵĶ㣬һص˼䡣
ھָʼ³ͣٷԼȲھļھز壬컨˺šɣѨЮйˣ
ˮխȹ״ھʱ御תȻͣʱٵĦʱڽ衣
ٷҹխȹƨΪھĶھٷҵ岻ͣ˼Ӻٷǡ°һھϢ׵ķ鷿ѹھͷϡھԼ˳ٷҵΣһֲִͲٷҵڡ
ھվŸٷҵҲסھھһµذھɡǰ˫ͷھͷϻζøߵխȹ¶׿ԲΣҺϴιеγ
ٷұھƨţĳҲеԵƮšš˽ھһһᵽٷϵˮζھٷ˫ץסϵ壬ٷҵβٸ
ٷҷƬαʮָֻסھһٷҵĽ⣬ٷ˵ھȡ֡Űٷڳ͵մٷڵİҺĺϱеʵİҺڴ̨ϡม
崿ٷ˽СฺɡҪˡˡฺɡ°°
ٷҽٴſھϣİҺٷҵĸʱھͷȥָŰҺĻزȥٷҵĸźýŶ
ſһһġʱٷҼԼţšһ߻ԼԼ١Ӽ
̫ƨۺѽǵ۵ģģָоһˬѽھҪȥѽھܲ𣿿졭
ٷڻ̱ˡ㺹졭ھٷҵһȫпǳس鶯ҡҲҵײ
ھٷҵ˫ȣȥ嵽ײֱͷĥٷҵĻġھŸɣӺɡһٶ£ٷҸ߳һһ󡭡ھʪܵȻٷͷ£ھٷһ˫޳ȹסھھزԡҧھļ򡭡
ھٷƽڴϣٷţھ˫ȼнٷҽ˫ʱھͷպòڣȴס٣ھÿҡһٷҶǿҵĿУֱӼд̼ٵĿˬġġھҡһΣٷҶ󺰴С
ھһһض룬ȥһ˳ٽ롭һȫȥˡھоǸֱ޵׶ھšٷšÿķӾһθ߳ȻġΡ
ٷ˵װģҰɣûôͻ̱زˣſڴϡ
ھſٷҵıϣٷҵķģеԣھ壬ھĸβײţžž
ھһֻ̽ٷҵǰٷҵ鷿ٷҵͷһֻƵٷҵǰ棬١ѽ࡭
ٷûκζ۾¡ǰļлšˬѽҲֵˡҪһҹ
ٷھ棬ھϣھھӲˡھͺŪһ֬鷿
ٷھԿëӵصĳܲƬ̺˿סھٷæŰβ̧䡣̧ʱھ㱻³۵ļҲβµʱȥȻӲĴҲû
һھַѹٷϣ˫׽סٷҵ鷿ٷھڣھһͦӲĴ׵زٷʪСⶴˡھоͷļΧٷҵСⶴнس鴤ĿвϵشھƨԾӲĴпͲ壬ٷذѩ׵ĴſʪھЦš
ھԾβôӲĴٷҵⶴǳֱײٷҲھĶѳܲһͦһͦھӭաҲڳˮʹ˵ٽʱˡ̣̣졣
ھ˺һŨŨľҺŲٷң
ھٷ˽ӵϢϸϸζ߷ϣ

Fxcmի http://www.fxcmz.com

Marketiva http://www.marketivax.com
-------------------------------------------------------