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õ壬㣬ĺľǶԡTXTѧ֧֣

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ɫɫTXTѧռhttp://www.sexinsex.net/forum/forumdisplay.php?fid=402С˵ӭѹĶ¡졢ɫƷɫɫTXTѧ

ܰʾʵ޽ƶȣظ޽ѣλԱ߻ظˮϽǵĺ֧¥лл

ݼ飺

¶ȴ޶ӴƽôӦԲźã
īţɥĸ֮꣬ѡڼҡ
ڼ˫ӣϴڳΪ٣аر壬϶̣Ϊ˵ĮҾӣ˹ĻʵۣŮƯү忡磬Դ˲۰֮Ƴƽˡ
Űǿѹǿԣҿһμ߳һNP֮·~  
СŮһμ׾ͱʧתĪĵط˫ӡԭңİܡֵ֮һĶǸƣѪĹҲǲ~~~ƪִ򲹳䣩


001¡Ů

īǸĺӡΪīںСʱû
īסԸһƫƧСԺȻªȴɨĺܸɾ
īŲҲ黭ʶüֻһֱչ̸ġ
īŲȴֶµġ֪ԸôôƯƯͤӣĺӸ߸׳׳Ҳ֪ԼкֵܶܽõģδǣҲδĵ
Ըˣīųʱīţ˲ȥˡ
ǵأûΪʲ᲻īţ
ɵӣЦž˿ޣƫͷֻ̾Ϣ
ԵӣīŴӴ֮ҲûʹĵӲ֪еʲζֻжõ裬һ𳤴ŮǷССԺ䡣
īžãܺã͹ˡ
īŽʮˣʮδٹġһкԵʱ
Դ򱻵͵ԺһΣīűʱ費ڳȥɢġʱڻ԰￴ݣʱ͵һſ߿С㣬īϲıǺСͤһŴ
ִֵָɣȥ֦Ѿ£һ۱ƼԸȫòïܵҶȥЩ⣬һζʱż㣬īžϲһѾߣˣӣŮˣʱһʱ
⼸죬رæµҲӰԸˣīŰ룬ǶԺš
·Ϥ࣬һ·Ҳûˣīèܵ£¿˿ֱ
īĻ죬ѽѽȴȻӲˡԼġءһˡ
һˡ
һ£ڷ磬忡ޱĿԼҶӳͫīűܵĸоĿЩơ
īűõĶӣ˭Щµӡû
죬Ĭ˺þúþãõīŵıῪʼ
ֺᣬҲᣬˣֲ֧סˡֽһѿīƺ߶ûУֻıۣȴƨؿ




002¡ֵ

īڶߴġ
ףƨɲֽۣŲۣۡīۣȴһǰһŷŴİԼûеȥ᣿
оЩֵֹģһͷֻԼһֻ֣¿ԼƨǡȣīٴνӲˣͷҲ̧Ƭ쳱Ӳһֱͷ
͵ģһƽƽ
īûлشҪİ˵
Ѿߣƽƽûһ
īԥҧҡҡͷ
檣⻰Եɡ
īŶ˺ôһ£̧ͷƴҡ
ӴīϼӵϣܲǡԸС㣿
īĬĬĴͷ
ӵȻ˼ңһ檣ŮȺеóĺͲóġ
ԭԼС㡣
īת飬͵͵顣ӵûоȣûмûţֻƽƽĳһʵ
ԼС㡣
ǰʱԼˣԭԼԼҵС㡣
ī½ǣԥǰ忡ӣлл㷽žҡ
ϵıûһ˿
īȴƺûˣҡҽīš
ƴĶ쵰Ϻ˵ģϸҶüչƷ΢΢ʪճڶǣӿû˵
īЩ޴ˣֻٴδͷȴͻأʣˣīգգۣòûشأȴѾʵʵӦˣռǡ
ֲ˵ˡ
ϵһֱûջأʱʱоԼϵߣһһŮزʶһԼƨ»һزʶĴȣīԽԽڡ
˵ſԼײף˵ĺᱡƵģǷԼȥʱԼĶţǻˡǾȶˣԼҲлˣỹſ
īŵЩң̧ͷһ䣺ǡǸҡҪˡ㡭֡һЦһ
īżԷûзӦϱÿͻȻһǰһһԼȵվ¡
˿īŴ˿Ҳ˲ʲֱͷҲصˡһֱܳ˺Զīؿͣ£һԼһģӰһվԭ
īתͷ˽Ųһ·ܻԺ䡣




003¡

ᣬԺֻʣīһˣ¿ϰԵҪȥɢġ£ûи赤֪ʲˣԸʲᣬЩǣһ죿
īվſĥ䶷ԶȴһߴӰһһԺˣﻹйÿ͡īźɵĿ˰죬ۡ
ԼδϵʱȴǼΡ͵ûи߹ɴӵһ֪
ǴסˣȴԷ˶
ߴ֮ͣ£ѹ֮꣬ȴһīŰΣŻڣǡֶŮ
īֶ֪Ĺ
ĵ˵ĵһ仰ʣǿ϶ֻ㶵ĵͷ
ʲ᣿
ĵ
īšҡҽīš
Լү˵ͷѾˡ
ԼҵӶǺģԼҵŮһ使WĻڶŮǰر𣬲ڣ˵ƽֶۡǽŮӣŮƺֻ̳һ׵㡣ССĶ쵰״ɰƤһҶüһСС졣۾Գںڵͫ峺ˮߣһɲµѣȴĴһ˿
ԭѾˡ
īۣĵĵ᣿
ڻϣ߰ͬŮӣĽֵܵԼأԼҵīţѾˡ
ʱʮ꣬δֹڣͻȻˣøߴҲϣ֪Լ֣˵ԭѾĵīãȻվԭأ˵ЩʲЩƣָо̫İ˵徿ʲζ
Ҽǵáһֱչ㣿
īĬһᣬ𣺡ǡ
ˣ
ʮˡ
үٴδīһŵʱǸ˵һ
īżЩܳˣȻﾪɻȴҲǵ˵ͷһʱ֮䣬⸸ŮҲ޻үվƬ̣תˡ
īſȥĸߴӰþõĻزҲ֪صķڵһ˻ƻ衣Ū˷˶ȥīŷһűīŻ겻ӡīһһʮ˵ˣɫȴЩˣ⣬үģ
īҲ벻ףЩл㱵ģΪʲɫѿǸӣīŸǲˣ裬ˣ
趨˶ҡҡͷָīŵͷɵӣүˣ˲ˣ
īһѱסͷؿڲ˲䣺Ҳ֪
⻰˵ģͲ֪ˣ
ǡǡҲ˵
ЦˣɵӣǸɵӡ
īŰٲ䣺ɵֲ᲻Ҫҡ
īŵͷۣҲҲδؾͻᡭ
ʲ᣿
˶ҪˣԷɡ




004¡Ǹ

֮ᡣ
ǣīŵ֣ڽǸǰͣ¡תīŵͷ˳˳īŵȹ
һīżǵʱְīŲģ筺ɫȻʲϺõӣȴҲĵīŷ֬ĿˮһתۣˣĺӳǰͤͤŮһֶµĺӣСûûÿÿȥԸ汣ӣһƽ
īżԼգǣԼֲţ˵ĲᡣӿһĪĲ衭
һ˽ǸʲͰʵĴܲ˵Ī˵ᣬƽһסˣ
īƶǶĵͷתۿǸſһſİɫװĻĲ裬ҡ
ɵӣҾ㣬ȥɡīŵֱɿ֡
īųɵŲ˼̲סͷֻվԭͷЦƺƽûʲ᲻ͬ죬ת̨̤ף˸߸ߵż
ȣīߣÿһΣͿޱǸδҲû·Һּ򵥣˱ֱҲû·ī߰߰ǰ춵ͷ˳תǹһΣȽյķšīͣ£ԥվһᣬš
ɡ
ǵīŵõӦʣƿ˷š
һīȴһһ·û죬ǵȻΪڵֻеһˡȴû룬һ䷿ˣʮ˫۾ˢˢĿŵЩ
վſʲ᣿İ²
үīŬ̧ͷĵҲಢİӣϣ뻨ס
īСĵŲ뷿Ķȶү˸תҲλ˸̲סķԡīż²
ĵϬĿīشﾲĹ죬īŸо˷ĿⶼۼϣͷƤ顣
춣ǰλջĿ⣬ĵ˵ͷš
īžִٵĽֽŶ֪ڡԼүʱĿˣȥɡ˵˰֡īżˣ⣬첽ĵͷվᡣ
Ϻһɣ֮ǰճڱĿ˲ƮƮƿ·ղЩȫǴ
ڱݵϷӣϢ¿ī֮ᣬĽŲɵǰ£һһͬŮӵʺ򳤱ԱšīĻ񣬲֪˶ãĺ濪ʼ̲סðͷѾ˵ȺᣬӦû˻ע⣬С̧ͷܡ
ֻеλģʣվȫǺԼͲŮߵİģ׾£ʳڡλĲߣŵλһȾ޴磬īۼĿһΣԼӰ
£Ｗ˲ͬŮӡǰվЩڻϿԼҵŮĽáҪҪʲ᣿




005¡涷W

īŶ˭˭û˿ȤʱĹȥⵥһĽֱ࣬Ҫ˯أͻȻ˵͵ؾѡ
֪ʱ˸ɫһŮǰרעĸŪһϣŮӸ˸¡Ⱥ߳һŮӣʰԱߵãʼŪ
īŵ˯⣬ķɣֺֺÿֱƵġīžȷȤˣĽζȻЩԾˡ
һŮַǰĵλʱƵƵͷʱû˱顣µЩŮӣе¶ԼĽеȴǰավǰļλԼŮҲεǰŪīŵͷϿʼð亹
Ҳȥī˵ǽǸһ׵ɽϵԼȫ꣬ڰīŸϽͷֻϣû˷źáֻϧ϶ȴСǰ߶ϣתͷīŻһݣ˰죬εŲ̵Ƶ롣
ɫɫеǼҲûͷĸɫĿճǵſ˵ĻīʿˮСĵĿڣЩҡҲᡭ
ڵԵһԼүЩ
ҲᣬΪû˽̹ҡīź벹һ䣬ɿ仰ȥͶϵĿζĵģȵģģмģīŵʼǺ죬˵棬һԱ̧ͷ
үû˵ʲᣬֻī¡壬īżΪλüŮǹŹֵڿһīŽ߬ȭͷ۵ǺˣƽһθܵʲԲλ࣬ֻȥԺ䣬ûĸֻг͵
廭ˣǰλƽᡣ֪ðѸٳȥΣһżԲںԲʡŮʳнһᣬڵķһ
үȴ˳Ҳˣؾ£Űɡ˵ͬλһм˸λӡ
Сй㶼׷ˡīŴͷ߹ȥԼҽƲġߡһīʱҲ˲ʲ䳰ȷˣһɽ亣ζȾƣƽûԵģӱĶĻţīſԵֱʿˮԺùЩ
Ҫٿ֪꣬Ҫ԰ĲɻǹҪīѿоүû˵Ҳûԡͷһһȥʫʽ顣ֵܿīţīĬһ˵۹ˢˢϣЩϷζƮһ䣬᲻أȴ㹻λãĪҪ˵ɣ
ֻĵԼҽҲЩ죬ðãⶪˣԼҵ棬ݺݵİīһۡ
īˣʲʲöһӷȴܶҪЩĿ⣬һλλȣ磬ʲᶼǣСϣСû󣬽żĵڶ棬û룬ȴӡ
īĿ˳ҧסǣͨ죬Ŵŵջ䡣ϵһӾīſ޵ѹƵ߱ˮˢѿΧ˵
ʱһ˫ĸͷ




006¡

ˣ޵ģ
īһ㣬ɵתͷֻվһ͵ĸˣ߸٣һװֻ
ˡүվ˵ĸ˲ĿһۣٶīЦЦһƬȰǲǡ۸ˣ˵ɨһȦīŴĿͻȻֵİˣһʱҲ
ϵŮɫЩˣֻү˵˾䣺ŮǱͬʱյƨɣվ÷ɿ죬̾һˣҲһˣվˣ³ԷɡүǵͷŮǲСŲ¡
īһ㶵ĿߵĿλ£˿飬ϸԼһǴȲǣѹˣ
īĬĬ߹ĶȻ֪˭Ȱ񡭡ǲģʵĵ˵ͷ
Цͷɵӡ˰ɣ˵һ鶫ŵī񱻴Ƶ˿ҧһڣţóԡͻȻʶʲᣬСĵĿĵүϿʲ飬ֻ΢ĵ˵ͷīŷǶûӱԥ£Ҫӡ
΢ЦīЩ˼ˣȴûɵľůůģһֻȷֺõĿü˿ӣ˼ˣ½Ķꡣ
ٷԵļžīȴֵĺܡûһͷת飬һһϸĿȥյߵŮǽ˽Щ޴롣
˴ֱ壬Ůǰµ˿ӹ˹ѹѹǣ̾Ϣһһһģﶼǳͣǻ׹ݣҲϵģҿض᲻ðɣ
ԣλүɫһҪڣȴ˰֣һתīϣˣҲΪˣҿɡ
һˣңźζӳ£˵ĸѱ档ֻһīſ˲ԣʲ᣿˵ˣ
վأǶ֪ġ
īſǰԼŮǣڿֻЩĶȣͬ飿ĽɻнŲīתͷȥһӾٲ룬忡ףǡ
Ϊ
һīĿֱֱĵ䡣仰ڶȻû̹׵ģǶġסˣֱ忴ˣ˾ӸµһֵһȴʲᶼûС
忡ޱɨīһۣͷصǡ
īźݺݵһ⡭ҡ⾿ǡû˻شվһһŮԼڿһû
˵ʲ᣿⾿£
۹⼱еͶĵ⡭үͬûлش޲޺ۣƲˡ
īǺݺһɫ׵ü͸վֺƷһƬֻܾܾٵĺ˷Ŀ⣬ѹ͸ʮĵҪһʲ·
ǰ𽥻һƬѪɫŨأW١顱һǰȫȻѡ




007¡֮ҹһH

ŮǰϣǿаīŴǸĳһ䷿ĴһƬϲɫ̵īͷĿѣ
ŮǽīŰڴߣʰһ߷ĴתҪīŵѡīŵİƴİסڡŮǼԸ£ּһ筺ɫҲͰˣֹ¡
ֻʣīһˣƴ˼ûǰЩãԤ֪ƵģֻŴϵġϲ֡ʲ᣿׼·ˣǼ޵ʲˣ
˼⣬ҵһ㡣ŻڳԷͻȻͱء衭֪֪ǲǻſڵСУӡӣ
īֽҲŸվ𣬡֨ѽһűƿǸйһ֮Եĺӣ˽
īһ㶣ǰ˼ǿ˾ݣ㡭⵽һ£軹ڵңҲܴҪȥ
ɫĿΣ㲻ף
īƴҡͷҵڶμʲᶼ֪һŪˡǲ˵ˣǡ
Ĳ֪룬ĳڴϣ֮£ԣҷʮŮСԼҵŮ춽ѡ㣬ҲǻԵҲȶ
һϯڶЩԶƽƮ죬īķʣѡңҪʲ᣿Ĭĵͷ
īСǰ֮ɫ㡭ߺòãһȥһԹԵġ
ǰһССĶ쵰۵ϺõĴ峺ںڵˮϸϸŮԴڼ˵
ڵҡҺòãҡҺ¡Ҫȥ㡭
û˵һīȵߵǰĽ¡
īžУɽһ˺ﻯǰһ˴ϣ
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Ҫʲ᣿ܾСƵɪɪķͻȻЩЦԼǺܿ᣿սЩģң
쵰ϵı齩һЩΪѵӣƺ˼˵ǡǡǡ
Ҹ£㲻ˣ
īŻҵĴɫ˺죬˰ף촽ȡȵȡ㡭𡭡ҡҡ
˫۷ֿ࣬ĿͻȻһͷֲɾȫ
īˡһͷȫӲֱˣҲˡ
һԽߵŨھҵĶĿĻߣͻһϵĴʼƶ˱̽Ѱһ϶˽ȥ
īһèƵһʪĶֱײһһһṴͷԼģԷĽҺһһʱ֮䣬ֻܱĽܣĳĸ衣
ӳ߾δȱŮˡϵ£ִ˲ƣֻͶͱģֺοȥܾġ񡱣ǵһˡҹ¥ĽW껪õŮ崿ģĵģεģWģʲû£Բ̵̬ͬģģڴģģؾʹ޶ԣ໨
īŵŮƽƽѡǳ˵ϡ֪ΪʲᣬǵõһΣ峺۵ԵįķӦֱֵļơڣ£֪ĴϢɢһĴŮ㣬֮ǰʱ޹ǵĴУʱЩˡ




008¡֮ҹH

һǱˣīſƲסļղŶ˸ߴѹĺȥƣԷ˿ֻܱۣҲҿ
ɢձߵҷȴһƬ̣ﵭЦһƵʼ¿ۡ
īŲҪץס죬βϺһֻ֣Сûץϣȴðסֻּ֡Ҫ֣ȴĽסţܷšһſҪҪգ˵ѹīŵɴ˫ۣһָչߣȴֱȥ˺
һΣǵļңǿƵĹԵأҪ϶Էе˼īŵС౻˱˱굽һһص̡īȫˣûɵĽ⿪һſۣ̿筺ɫͰɫ¡
īŻعԼѱֻʣǶҶü𣬷Ť㣡ȵȡſҡȻȻҡһץס˫ͷ
һǶ°̽һ·ϣϾüƺΡ
īżĴ˸£Сͨ죺ȻҾҪˡ˵ۿգһգƵķ׷¡
ڶǶֶסˡһ㶣ϸ΢µֻһ׵ĶǶ֫ȻȴйԼζ״ɰƤ΢΢ǳۣڷҵɢϣҶüҪšһᣬˮһ˫ԳĺǳξҧӵĿԼǽҪлŮū
Īһ飬·ͣµֻץסһŰۡġС
ԭޱϣȴ˷ԼҲδİ
Ƕϰ۵Ķˣʡ
һ¶ǶССİףһۺ죬ΡΡĶϸۻĴУǼеҧϷɫˣĵ˱Ȧһֻ㣬̽ǱպϵĻָ꣬صḧ
īźݺݳһͣǰŰ˽ܴĴԾ彥ûзĸоһЩЩϢİģյģˬŵġҧԼԼݵĵطԡ
ĺؿڵ̧ͷĺڷɢϣ͵ı飬Ưĺɫ۾֪Ĺ⡣īűֻϸȣҳһŽ
ߣСɢһء
ʵݵϺ㣬ȵϸССϷһϸȣϵָ˽ܴнĽһЩˮĹ⡣
īŵһο塣ԼĲһÿЩȴƺȻֱ۵ؿڵ¸͹ļСɫƤǲǳһİ̡
ֻٿҲϾٿΪȫģ˫м仹жص룬ܣߵĿҪˣϢϸģۡ㡭ŪҺۡ𡭡١
ͷҧҧӲͦķɫ⣬ڵƽƽ壬ƵЩΪá
ʲʲ᣿ǡǺù֣ĺܡƺܡָӵĸоʹ֮⽥һϸһֿտյҪץסʲ͡
Ĵ֣ĵĶŪһģȡһŮˡԣŮˡ֪ΪʲᣬѹԼ³ҹĳΣֻʹࡣ˽ܴϵָˮҺɫټһָָѰǰǿСӣѹ궯




009¡֮ҹH

µ˶һͽᣬۣͨϣ£úͿ֮䣬˫ķ࣬һתһµۣģڰ
ĺԾĴµǵ½ٶȼӿ죬Щ΢ֻϸĽУѽ𡭡𡭡
°ʹһκžĵ䣬ڸһҧµǡ˶ȴ̲סظĽ࣬Ť峺һƬ
ͦ𽥼ӿ죬оµѨ⿪ʼнʪ͸˵ָŵһ£㣬ζָ뿪һʱʧ񣬿ָȵĿԼ㲻ĸĶСࡣ
ۣ簵ҹʹ㻺ָ̽﷭Сĵ̲ס̾ϢһСɵΰԼĴӲӲԲͷ޵ĦѪĻꡣ
ī̼ܵҵʱ˽Щۣһ̡ۣûиʱ˼Բͷĥ˼¶ڣմˮҺ͵ĳֱ롣
īƺһǰʹı飬סӲһī죬ΪҪ޽УЩңѾʹͣܲס᣿
īű죬һȴҧס˴ˮ޼ϵĴۿӿѸȾʪķҧڷйʲᣬŨʪ͸ˣϸϸһشأǳӵĴǡһǡӰӰȴĵס
οĻδ˵Ҳ֪ҪοڣֲȥϵᣬĶӡһǣĿʼ
ССʱīããȻ̧ۣϸĿƺڵ̲ס͵ЦīﻹᣬȴԽԽԲ
ԭҲǻЦģԭЦÿ
ϾٿϾٶʲᣬǿɶ˿񳱣֮šʹȥһµĦİĿСֻʸļ㡭ٶˡ㡭ذͣ¡³һٵĴϢû˵
һһĶԽԽң̵ļٶĿ죬īӭ͵ײϵʧСۻߵ㣬ҲزˣīžҲ𡭡ҡҡ
ѨһǿҪ߽еľ鳯ӿƺһγݵĴӲīŵȸ
īŵһεĸ̱߳ƺܿ׹оȵĴУƣۣϥǣȼ䣬֪ڿʲᡣ͵ľ˴ϻһˣȣǣȼ˽ܣۡ
㡭ʲ᣿
һɳơ
ӣɬδȥȾ˽ġѩȸʺѪĿ̲סһϡ֫һգǰʢӡССźװȻͦǣµǺۣӲ͵ĺڷͨͨϣɵۼ
Ҳ֪ԼڸʲᡣѾɣȥˡ
ֻǻʱѾһεĽѹ£ĴӲ߸̰Ҫζ
īſǰһ˫ȵۣʧȥƣ㡭𡭡١
ɽڻԼʲ᣿ˡγлܲסġֻѾأԶӲδɺԵˮҺ˽ȥ
ıߺʪ壬ͷ̾Ϣĵҽ
ʱīѾʲᶼˣһαУֿãĿѣԡ
ˣҹˡأҲǿ쵽ͷˡ




010¡

һҹһһ飬ϵҪֱɫʼײȥ
һҹīۻˡҲûãֵвֻȥˡ
ڰΰ֮䣬㱿һ˫ӢͦüһƯĺɫ۾˸Ĺ⣬һϡ߽Сš
֪ΪʲᣬؿĳһطЩһһһܡֻݲȥϸ棬ֲ֧סȥ
ϵ̫µһ죬īűŮǽѣƿճסƤֻʣԼȫǰҲûСŮޱƿīŹһǽҲûӦµ죬ŲŲæĽź
īŵ־ڻԹԵǰŪŮѣ˷šһ·ԸŵķſͣӣԱүΪվһˡˣŮˣһŵףīŶԣȫȻİ
īЩˣҲڴƺҲİĿкЩӡ
үīţֻ˵һ仰ҪסΣҵŮԡ
īŻ˵Щʲᣬͱ˷˽Σ£ҡμ£㲻ͣٵǰС
īڽڣԸ뿪СԺ䣬ûаͣȲͬӵ˵һļ򵥡ۿǵģȴǸɬ͵֪֪֪֪ģ֪֪ǵīţʱ˿ѾȥᣬǵաûܵȵԼ
ӻãһխСǰͣ¡ηƿӣʾīſվһλϲīűжתšīŲȥۣһǵͷᡣ
īӲʣߵļϲҲߴ٣ΡΡǰ·߰߰īűǰľ档ССһȣû뵽ĵطס۵ɽˮͤӰڻûһܡһһŲ˺ܾúܾãǰ춳һȰԲĹšţ߹һƬƬۻҵĻݲݣƼ˼ķݡϲ̨ףƿһ䷿ţīŵ˵ͷ
īżǲСһ䷿ּ򵥣齣Σ¹һӦȫ滹и䣬СľбīᣬŰ齣Ա߻һݡйɲͨζò£ԺǺ̫ˡ
īŵ⣬Ǿʿλһ·ϲǿͷһӣﻹڴǻʶıϲǲǺۣҪҪȽЪһЪ
ϲĽһ٣̧´Ƥīţת̨סۿϲҪȥīЩ޴룬ЩɥϲŬĿһ̨ף˿ͷҲ̧˵˾䣺Ĺ£ԽڲסһѾ߹ʲԸˡ˵꣬أ̵ˡ
īŴĶڲıӰ˵ͷҲûǿġȫƣĺܣһ·ãľеľܣһɣȴܾЩס
īžὩӲվ˷룬ǰ⣬չãһƬﻨ졣




011¡ڼ

ûһڲᵽѾ߱ҴҸīĴһܵĸ˸ҽɽźСġ
īһ߼ȥһ޴ţ𡭡𡭡㡭ҡҽīš
ɽۼıܿīŵ֣ԸֱվáīżԼ۲Ƶӣ޴ǺʱɽֿڣСӣҲˣȥ׼Щˮġ˵꣬ҲīŷӦԹԵĳȥˡ
īֱİķٿ˿ܣ̲סڵ¡һ춵õɣŴͷ촵īſϣһգ㲻֪˯ˡ
īһס£ʮȥˡ
Ѿɽ̬һֱǲ䲻ȵģʼʱֻԼı֣īǰǰҲûжġҲǼīͨҲʵĺܣһûһĽЩīŵʡ
īŴɽ֪һƬ԰ֵӵߣڡڼҵλԺգڳ͢ҲǾصġ˵ɽϴʮɵĽ
Ļ롰ڡ˵ڼӦǴ󲻾ġֻǿʵûа黳õ˼ּ׼ڼԭϣһմմʼҵҫ
ɲһĶͣʱвۺģʵҲȫѹȥ
үΪ˸ΪسԻʵĹʵۻ˻齫¼һ绨ڷ˻һ˫Ǹʱڼҷޣ޳ҡֻǵ˼˭ܴĳġһүûˡûãڷһԴСһ߰籣Ҳȥˡ
˵ʱʵ۱ʹԳڸɥ˵ʵ۵һղһգǰЩݱһ˻λڼ֮ǰǰҲͥ䣬˥˫ˣڼҴү볯Ϊ٣Ϊʵأү־̣ҲڼҾһһ
īŴģ˵ʮӶʮɡɽ˵Լסط԰һôô԰ӣסλһС㡣԰ûλү׼ǲ˽Գȥģƽʱдд֣רŽ԰ڿָ
īŻЩףһСʲ˼Ҫѧ黭ģΪʲԸѧأһݵģֻܽǰЩ£
Ҫүܳȥǡǻ԰ʲʱأ
ɽˣһİ۷ˣ´īһأ԰ƾ㣿кܶЩӡ
ǲǵѧᵯд֣ҾܼǣҾܻؼˣ
ɽЩŹֵĿīţһ˫͸۾ڴ˵ʲᣬȴֹջĬ




012¡԰

תʮȥīŴ԰ԹԵĸѧٰ㲻
ʱɽѵ¶ĵһ棬Ȱȥ԰ߣͻݣīҲһľܾ
īźùЩȫĶѧһҲ˽ǸЩ䳰ȷĴ̼ﱧ˿ϣЩŬѧᣬҲܻȥصСԺ䣬ص赤ߡ
ֻһĹȥʶֿʼˣǿˣڼλүأ½Ǳ߶Ҳû¶µ԰еһ䣬ܼģɽûˡ
ԼǱûаѶŲʣûɽһ̾ˣҲû֪˹ġ
ƺǱˡ԰ǵϣһһСǿҪȼ˵ֻһҪˡ
ī裬뵤ɵԺ䣬ܾ˷Ƶ롣ڡʹࡱˡ
ǳˣѻˡ
ѧ᲻Ͼˣһ̵һϡʱ̷ֻж˲ӣ˷ŰɽܲˣĶӡ
ĳһ죬ɽҪīŲֻȥ԰ӹ䣬īûپܾ԰ģ̺죬ﻨ㡣Ĭ˶Σɽīһû˹ʣҲ£㿴ĻƯҽ˵֣ڻȥõȥǰͤ߿߳ԣòã
īƵġšɽĵͷתȥˡ
īſ԰ﾰɫԸǿĴǸʱϿ˵ĸ̬ǵϲŭ֣ȣֻǸǵĿ͡ʱɫˣ͵͵͵͵Ժ䣬趼Ⱥ˷ˣ֪͵ܳȥҲö˵һ䣬ֻȰǰ̻ʡʱ򵤶Թ˻ģһһЦ͵Ҳһһڣ߳Ա֡ʵЩˣǺܴªģֻǴһ𣬷ԣҲǸ㡣
īһ߻㱵һĿĺҵߣҲû䣬߳԰
ǰľ»һƬ̺죬īתһƬ֣һŭȣͻĴС
һ쵰
īһ飬͵ĴӻоѡһЩӦүٲʹҲ
᣿ҲҪ᣿ǰ϶Ϊʲᶼ֪᣿

ȥȥȥҹԶ㣡һ졭һ졭ҹ
īүڼүһЩˣණӿһʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǹʲ뷨һŭ죬һǰˣ紵һһ䣬Ĵ˼ս
˭
īŽסˣʶҪܣɽŲǰжϤһתһˡ
ڲīƺҲǴһ˿
ڲ㻹ڵʲ᣿һŭȡ
ڲҲҵ飬һƣīƳ֡




013¡

īûһģˤڵءһĿƵģīʱֽӲˣſһҶ
Ǹʲᶫ
仰ʵúǴ̶ī͵ۿ겮겮ӵûʲ飺С㣬ү㻰ʵǡ
ī˿ڿˮС̧̧ͷҡҽīš
ǰһͤӣͤӡڷ𣬽üĿһһţüȴ˼̵ֲı塣ִֻ񱭣ʯҵƺȻȫˡ
īһۣüһĲм
ǰЩӣԼҹġվһԵ겮ڲһ䡣
Ӱİ񱭣Ц⵹ЩȤˣ᣿ڼǿˣʲ᲻õĶˣ
겮û
һ¼ĶڼǿŪ᣿
˵ͻȻһ֣ǰƱֱֱīŷȥһīŵĶǣҵĵطʱˣƤѪ˿
īƵĺһҵðǡڷʲƷ裿˵ĻֱĪԵ޹ʰһ£ͷ۵ҪʱҲһī̧ͷӣĵɡ
ӣ΢ۣһ̣ıͻȻһ䣬ƺһأڿЩʲ᣿
еķ֮ɫڣԶ׼īŶʱסˡ
ѹϢСͤΧŭЦܺãܺãȻţҾͺúýơڲȥ
ڲƲīţﰵ̾˿үͷϣҲ֪ЩʲᣬλС㡭ֻรˡ
īűڸĻܵһС¥С¥һҩ
뷿ڲʱۣζѱ档ûĥ㶵Ŀڲֹš
ܴΧ˼ϸ̨мԲʣëë̺ӣﻹһźľСһͭ¯ȼѬ㡣۾ǽһſĴ齣ǳɫй˵ζ
īͷѪѾֹסˣǺۣܾЩԾʱûӦڣΪϲߡճ嵽ſڣȴˣͤİӣվǰ
Ĺţת⣬١һ˫Ĺ⣬ҰƵģ͸ӰֲпᣬѪ
īžԼҰߵ⣬̲סһһˡ
ӵĿڣࣺӣȥ
ɭɭһ䣬īŵƴҡͷòף״εļһ䣺ҡҸղšûСҡǡ⡭㡭㡭
ӲͷüȴһܵЦīۿ߽ߴΣһɾİɢĲбϢȴζԭأá
ӱĿīϵĻﰵһ̧Ⱦһš
һīŵؿڣīֱֱȥǿƲһ㣬ײǽڣص䵽档
¼Ķ֪ˣĻһһ
īǰһģһžҵĿȡۣۡؿڴƺѾоƵġײǽڣ˿ѿѪ۾գһգĿɺ졣




014¡ĥһŰH

ۿȣʪһƬҲ֪ѪᡣͷƤһĴʹ𣬸оϢüīľĴϢƴ۾ϧʲҲ塣
ڿʲ᣿ûеõѵǲǣ
īŷ·˿һ׺ݵĹȥһߡ
ײ˷Ѭ¯С죬һӿīٿһѪ
Ӳǰסīŵ죬᷽ǽϡ
īżѵĺʹǵһܹԼСȻʵǴСûôһ£Ŭ²ӿϵѪȣ΢Ŀڣ㡭ˡ
ڼҴүЦˣսīţ˵ǰ˵ûԴñСˣҲˡ˵꣬˺īŵ͵¡
īһ£ܵʶҪʲᣬ֪ƴ
šīŵһӣɨ¯ɨС¯顱ڵϣɢһص̿
̣ʲЦȴݺסϸĲԥսս
īһϲͨ죬ûһɫȥϷ˻ްࡣǲܿƵҺ˫۷˰ףʱϵĴһת棬صʱðɢ̿īŻûһ˻Ƶļѿڶ
ë̺ȼյĽζⱻսĺζڷɢī۵ĻǰһڣҪʹȥһ˫ڰѣȹ΢һֻž׼Ĳ̵ֱ̿ٴǶģһīŵ־˲䱻ȳأֻһΣУҲвˡ
īŵͷϵ롣ɨȥϷĴߣ߿˵ӣī档
īϵ˵ƣ˵࣬Ѫ߰ߣĶǶһ
ӣʵǷƿɳ£һƤܿϧǺһƬҲǵθڡ˺ܶƣѪҺڱڣıҪһйƿ۵°ڣͳӲֿͦ˳Ⱦֱӳ˽ȥ
īŸоһ˺ѰʹֻǺʹƺ㲻ˡ
һܺáѨֽů룬Ѩż粽Сͽ޷ʯ궴ȻеЩۣͬʱҲĿС
Ĵ̵İγȻѨɬûڳˮҺ˿ӰֱӶᡣ
īűײĲɳ档ץסīŵ˫Ž̻ǰһ˫˳ȱ߾ڰգĽҡΡ
īŵȱֿޣ۵ĽŲӱһĺӡĶִӲڲȸҪˣ˽ܴǰۣظĦŪʹԽԽңǲɫ
ҰµʳûзֻܻıƤ⣬ɱķѣᣬһһڵıʳɾ
˵ĴϢǰ˽ܴٵƵԽԽ죬ҲԽԽסīҧס˴Ӳû԰ᣬϵӿӿϵģƺҪˡ




015¡ĥŰh

ںīŵĸɬںīŵʹ࣬ںīŵɿǿҧӲǿ̲ӣûɵɿ꣬һǺݺײϱҧѪȴû
΢ɭȻ𣿽гΪʲ᲻У
īıۣһԡ
ĿȣҪµ۳룬ӲѨֱײĴϢü٣ᣬһ
īŸо˳ȥСһϡ˫֮Ѿ۵û֪һƬ壬ȫ亹֫˱ûһıһƬ
īŵǽǰ̧˫ȹԼı䣬֧գӲ׼˺׵Ķڣһɡ
īص£ꡱһӲû룬ϣĹᴩ
ī͵ۣһɳƵĲҽѿڶ
Ĺ˹ǣأ治
֮ֻſϣõĲ̣۵ףɫѪȡ
īֻѲԼˣƣĶĵطҪͱҧѪ죬Ҫ̣ɻûסʹవƵһһĴк˳ȥ
Цĵסīšʶ֮ƺ޲ҪӲͦߵĵҲһСС塣
ʩϵ̷һָһײбŰīŵ˴δйǿҿ־壬ۣĺ¡ϵѪᣬһͿʲҽģĻһҲסɾģۡۡ
˿ΪīŶ϶ʣϺݺһͦīƺһ鴤ѪģֲǿǰļҪƿϧָֻ΢Ķ˶Ļ£Ĵࡣ
һ˿а˫ƶָĶסīƬСɵΰ꣬ظӲĳ룬׺ݵȫͱ
īžԼ챻ˣᱳĶһµײǽڡˣʱ򣬶ͷؿڣϣϣеʹж˫֮䣬еʹֹļӾ硣ƲסĲͣ鴤ںڵᣬһƬնЩƮƮϵڻѼߣ
ԼǲǾҪˣ
һƬŨصѪȣīŵѪģµǽϼĲһ鰵ӡϵѪ²ҷϱε˿ڣٺͻѨӿѪڻ㣬εδڵϾ۳һ̲
ΧѪӶᣬԭʼ۾һƬ
ǰŮ˿խСĻѨٸɬϵİɫѱȾ϶ʺ죬ѨѪȾʪճӲһһꡱ죬ҲѪɫɽ
ֻҰޣֻ֪ײеĹռһᣬס壬ߵ͵͵ӵľȫڡ




016¡ү԰

īȥ
ֻû̫á
ݵƽ֮ᣬֿʼϵķйһΣΣΡϣǰϡᣬƣ˯ȥ
īűĥٱĥȥܶʼգĺڰ
֦ͷнŲ𣬷⣬һʣڲ㷽˵ʲ£
үүүմԼڳЩﲻʹ죬ⲻҵĴڵڣүƢҲ֪ʵûֻ
һ󰲾űû˼Ǹ硣
ûõӦƬ֮ᣬű㱻ƿ
һ룬ŨҵѪζ滹Լζ¹룬ڲһƬǽ壬δĵ飬ǽϻһ̲̲δ͸ѪҲ̲סЩľ
ɨһȦֱֱĴ齡ѱĶ䣬Ҳǰڵأһۣ˲ڲӣصĺһ˯ļ졣
һۣŮӡ
ֽŤĹϣ¹£ССѪ߲鲼ϡͷɢңһѪĺǼš
վڴ߿ã̧ŮӵĲŲ˫ȣҪ
ڲæȰ裺үүû¾ͺãҲˣȻȥϢһСȥ
ɨڲһۣڣ޷ġȥѴн԰˵꣬īţߵ˷ſڡ
īŵ屻ƶǣϵʹһ¾ƵˡƿڻģģĿǰһ
Ҫĥˣ
īŻл¶һĨЦ¶ﴽѪ¹£Ҳƽֹȡ
ӵͷЦҲ֪ǲǱŵģʱһ㡣
īŲ֪һһ̧ͷһҧļֻ޲ҧϧûһѿȥŬĳƤɳƵĺˡǰһڣīٴεĻȥ
һԵڲӱҧļٿԵīţԥҲһŮӣүС
д԰ޱĿīŰΣڲĻ˵ȵ˷š
ҪͻʳйȥȴûīŵӰɽڷת
ԼѾ԰˺üȦǸɵӡ˰ɣҪԼŪ԰ˣʱǡ鵽ٲϱذ
ɽʹץԼͷʱڼҶүͻȻ
ɽסˡ
ڸ֮һһγ԰ˣүץԼ
ٿﱧģɽˡү԰˶үɵ԰˶үԱǸɵ԰ǸɵԭûǸɵӡǸɵӡŪģ
վʲ᣿ڼҶүһ䡣ɽһ飬ϽսսǰӹīţСĵĽ˴ϡ




017¡

īһۣ˯ѡ
ҹϵʱīѾաһҩģһҲ˴ޡ
ڼҶүһΣûܾͣãīŻδѣɽ䣬Ҳˡ
īʱһʱ֮ںδ֫ٺʹյһַֻסĲιһЩˮˮ˺ɬʹīƵ衭ۡ
ɽ˿ǰǸҹүʱһϢˡ
ͷһģˣˣץˣһ࣬ؿڻһȦĺӡǲҲ̶áĵⶼˣɫɫɫһԼ²ȥúõһˣͱ˲ģʲᣬͶص֡ؿĹͷˣ˻˵ղˣҲȥˡιҩѾʣ붼棬ԼֻܲͣĻͷϵӣٲͣİҩҩܹǶ٣һһҹڲһæϵĹ̲ˡ
ڼˣɽۿҲЩˡ
ú𶯣˵ҪϸȻǻ²ﲻѣˮҲǲܶȵģ㡭ɽۣЩ˵ȥˡ
īųٻĲת춿ˣɽ
ɽ죬ǿ޺ʲ᣿˵˲ˣҲ߿һᣬͲˣһΪ㡭㡭
īŻգգۣȴЩˣŬĽҡŲᡭߡˡᡭᡭ
ɽҲˡһʱ֮˵ת۽ǡ
һᣬתǰΪīҴñǣ˵˾䣺ȥЩûԶˣܵס˵ʹȥˡ
īųۣͷᣣԭûԭû裬Ҳûе
ԭ԰
ˣϵҲָֻܵԺȫɽϣīֻóԺúȣ˾ͺɽ죬˾һ˯ҩʱȽʹһЩ
Ϊҩͷϵģϵģ˽ܴġ֮ǰʱ֪޾Դ֮ᣬīžͺЩ˼ˡҩʱԱĻᳶ˵Ƥ⣬ֵ˫֮ʱīһ۵죬һ߻ӵڡ
ɽ治ɫŮ˼ңʲ᣿īϴСС˿ڣȴڲˡ
īһߡ˿˿ĳһɬЦ˵ʵѾ̫ˣɽá
ɽݺݵķ˸ۣޣ˵ˣ˵ʲ˵һƵʰҩɴʰ꣬һƵļȥˡϣȴǺġ
ʱɽԥ̲סʣ㾿Ƿ˶ĴˣΪʲү
īŵļ䱻𣬲Ŀʼ΢΢ɽ͵ס죬ˡ
īĬãͷס˱ǣСûСҪҳǸˡ




018¡ϲ

ͷʹѵѾɨˣΨһĵܵǰȲ衣ֻδʵƬƬİѪһҹķ
ӼˣĿ˿ڣ磬ڲ׼Ѿøն͢ǱߣѾ֪ˣ˵ҹȾ˷纮
ڴߣͷ̫Ѩüͷ𣬻δȫﻺ
ǣʲʱģ
ڷǷĲյģڲҲ³ʲ£Űҽ
Դĳ˳ǣ£ˣһܳʲ£
ҹģѩ壬ĿŨصʺ죬ԼŪĺܲң˵Сˣ벻ˣҲգԼҲǲںġ
ڷûʱӻŨ̧ǳǳİ⣺磬֪ҲΪֻٲʹ죬ǽЩźãһʲ괫ȥ˳͢˵⡣
Ƭ֮ᣬʹ޵ļһ䣺֪˵͵վ𣬴󲽿絽ǰϵѾйƵһԹȥ
˵ˣڷǴƽ޲
ǣʵһһεṬӯתǿ쵽ˡָĨȥǵĲա
ڷǾĲյǳһڡ
һ졭ϣֵ̫á۵ף˸ɱ
磬Īһò裬ҪϸƷζܾζ᣿
ڷǷ²յӭֳĿ⣬𽥹ճһĨЦ
԰
īһ˸£ϵ˺õ߰˰ˣɽϸɫҲ춲԰ס
īθڲҲ˯ĺáֻǲ֪ǲǴÿ˯֮ǰŵһ޵ζϣǵҪɽ˲ѡ
ϣϽ裬ʵܲˣɽʱʱīŲ׼ȥӡ䣬˿ڴɫ˱ΧƤԵЩû̡
ɽȻϿͷڣŮҼңн黳ģºˣɵɵ챣ӡ
īźûãĳյĻƻ裬ס˸ÿ͡
ͷڲīһѶĳԵģӭȥϲ
ڲȻͻŵˣؿڣһĿԡ
īŴɽ֪ԼΣڲҲǳҹæһ𿴻԰࣬Լڼ䣬óԺúȵģҲٲڲչˡīжϲȻû˵ϼ仰ɽһľš
ϲɽ˺öأīų嵽ڲԣΪ˳˳Ҫ¡
ڲæ˰֣ӵȵЩˣزءС㣬ӣް˰ɣ
īżԸ£Ҳǿ۾գϲûˡɽˣҪɽϲлл㡭
ڲīŷҲǵ˵㣺ְڶѣС㣬ˡ
Ȼڲƴǣ룬īûɵĶ˼׽ͷЦϲǲҵģ




019¡үķԸ

ڲīŵĻ̲סֿ˼תͷС㣬˵ǲῴɫأǼء
С㣬ҽǷ˶ү֮԰˵Сƽʱڷù԰ʱǴг
īɻĿڲЩͷԣŶǡ𣿡
ү鷿ȱˣԶүԸңСʼȥ鷿æ
үʲүʲæīȻ㲻״һү֣ѾľԱһӦǽͰ͵ƾܣϡϲҲеġҡʶֻ࡭˵˵ҡ
ڲѸٵĶסĻС㣬Ҫ˵æأʵҲ򵥣ڶүµʱĥī˸裬СǶүķԸС㣬ӦòΪͷӰɣ
īŵ׿ˣϲ⻰һܽȥʲ鷿˲ˮǽԼȥѾȥġ
ڲīŲʲԸֹɳڴµǲײᡣ
С㣬һСȥ
īƵĿڲǿİԹ
ڲ˶ΡΡתٲΡΡˡ
ɽʱīŵǿġ֪ڲԼҪīȥ鷿£ɽϸϸĴīһ顣
īűķë㡭ڿʲ᣿
ɽϵı飬ҲǺܷѽܾ᣺֪֪һǶүģ
īգ˼ۣŶ
Ŷ͡Ŷɽθߵе㶶ġ
ǡīſɽˣ޴ĵͷ
ɽɸֵķ˸ۣүԱŶŶŶǣûĻˣ
үˣܼһѾϱˣﻹǵЩ
ī︹ֲɽֻܼһ䣺ҡ
ɽֻٺɸֵ̾˿Ҫ֪ڶү߷̣ǼͷĲ¡īһãȻɽ̾˿Ƕүдү԰λС㣬˭˭εġ
ɽī峺ĺЩ˵ҲԸ֪үһ׵԰ȥ£ǰŮ˵δǻ£ȴҲǺ¡ΣǺǻֻȫƾ컯ˡ
ɽ˶С㣬ȥү鷿£Ҳܱ԰áڸҲδŶү޶˿Ҳ̫ģϸ㣬ççײײͱʲ¨ӣһҲˡ
īƶǶĵͷĬ˺þúþã˵һ䣺ɽǲԶز˼ˣ
ɽ̼һȻο˭˵ģҲ»ϸЩܿ죬үͻ׼ˡ
īŵ͵͵ġšһʱ֮䣬Ķ˽޻žһ̾Ϣ




020¡ɢ

һҹܿĹȥڶ죬ɽһͽīŵķ
īűʱ˯ɽڲ棬Ϊһȹٽھ̨ǰڶ٣ȡͬɫдáīŷɫϸ壬һ˫Ҷü䣬ļãüҲǶˣɽֻ˷ɫ֬࣬˵㡣
æЩڲҲǲൽˡīţһӦһ㶣һѸٻָ˳̬С㣬߰ɡ
ī˵ͷɽѣͷǰĶīյ˵ͷתڲȥˡ
ɽվſĿԶīɿӣĵĵģҲӲȥˡ
īһ۾һ߸ڲ棬ЩʱڲһȳԺǰͣˡ
С㣬ȥֱߵףߵһ鷿ˡ
īЩûӦˣϲһȥ᣿
ڲǿīŵ񣬶΢΢ͷ
īſڲٿԺţǰһֻͷٿڲ
С㣬ȥɡڲվԭأûаҪƶ˼īֻתڵ˲ӡ
ҲǴĺܣͤ¥ɽ־£īżڲĻֱֱһ·ǰߡ˷ݣţϲ˵ߵһ䡣ī̽ûģһƣ㡰֨ѽһĿˡ
īԺվſڣһŴ̴ľǰһӣ߿ϣߵͷƷ죬̧ͷ
īԣһۣȴŵīŻɢ˯˲ʧһɶ
⡭⡭۾͡
ˣīžԼˣҲǲǵġĿ־壬ǵصסӣѾȫˣīһƨڵϣƵĴ˰ӡ
Ӽ΢΢üīżüĸˡӵֶ˶ĲյīΪҪñŵƺһ˫ֽıסͷһš
īſڵϣƴĶӣǰޱ顣˭Ҳû˭Ҳû˵֮ᣬһ춴ĪĽ֣ҲǴ硣
˵Ҫʲ᣿īµĿˣֻûӵ˵ʲᡣ
ü䣬Σһε𣺡ҲǴ硣
˵ʲ᣿ˣˣףҲǴ磿ʲ˼
һīŲҲˡ磿үү
£ɵûˣīŽֹͣ˷Դַ죬īָСĵ͵͵
ˣһ̵ĳɫƫףüë۾üǸһģһֻǡϸĿһЩһģȻԼ۾ǱһƬȴûǹ׺ݱ塭ղ˵ҲǴ硱
īŵ춿ʼתˣԼģǶүӦǶүīģɽ˵ڼλү˫ӡ




021¡Ѿߣһ

īŲˣԴҲˡ
۽Ƴľᷭûīһۡ
īڵ޴ˣڡ죿ү˵ǡЩסЩƤ
īڵϿ˼ڤ룬û취˺һᣬүֿ˵ˡ
ˣ
īŵৡĺˣǺ͸ˡˣɽŶҪϸЩģû鷿أ˸ЦһƨڵϣȥġɽǵҪˡ
īһᣬҲʲƤƤˣһµվڵĿţڵŲǰƵĺ˺ߣү
ڼҶүᣬƤӶûһ¡
īŲ֪ĽӲһүѾǹû˼ٽеڶˡûԼߣҲԼϲ˵Ҫڷźī飬ڵŲŲڷѰ˸䣬һĹԹվá
ʵվأǸһվأǸʱһĹȥīŵĽˣˣˣˣǲҶﾲĵģֻоᷭżյĿīŸ͵͵һţȴͻȻһ
ĥī
īŸϽӽ߳һ۵죬ǿ첽˹ȥѧдֵʱ̵ģùϷɰˮעȡīСĵĿʼĥī
Щ쬵Ϣ޵ĴԴīţټ彩Ӳδȫָһǿ˱ƵĶʯķɳһī֭
īŵһꡭˡˣ
ķɿһǣ͵͵תͷȥڼҶү۾ֻᣬûɨһ¡
ûãֱۻƶ벻ۼĽīȥ߲бСߵӣﻹ˵ѽ⡭Щˡɾ
ض˺ü£ƿˣɾˡīŰԺһȴûѲɫĽһĻ۵ף˫ںڱ΢΢
ī񣬱»صСС䡣ʰͭ˫ʼϵϺմմīʼдĿ
Ǿ£֪磬Ѿʳ
鷿ﻹ̴С齿ǽ԰̴񻨷īֵðѾߣѷʢķһķСѾʱĿݺīһۣīűĪһ㶡
˶ںˣڼҶүƺԡīһķ㣬ӹ๾ĽСϳǰûԹվͶˣڳԵˣļȴֳԲ൱ĥ
֪ԼʲʱȥԷأǲǶүܻȥˣ˰Բأ˻˺˷ѡö
ǱߵĶү춷ıīվ˹£ٲʰꡣ
ÿһڣīžʶ̿ڿˮƵ˵첻죬˵᲻ᣬҪӣҲǺѵġڼҶүϵĶͣͣޱתͷīš




022¡Ѿߣ

īգҲգĶǿϵķˣһŲүڿЩˣɿĿ⣬ҲΣĲ
һڣīžˣڰҡ˵үһԽԽСֻܺͷ½ǡ
û˵˫ĺٶӸֿʼ˶
īſٲҿˣ۹۱Ǳǹģʵʵվáٷ˺þúþãǴĥƵģ걻ԣڼҶүֱ߷Ĳյһڡ
˰ɡ
ī̧ͷһ˻ʣöأȻǳԲġֻܿһٿһۣĽʣյʳʳ̤˷šǸͷ˵Ѿ߾վ⣬ƺǵЩʱīʳУٴϵ´һ飬ĺ˺ߣֺŤͷˡ
īԴŻȥڼҶүѾٶǰ̧ͷɨһۣĿػص˱ϣȴˣʲ᣿
īţīš
ī۵ڴڼҶүͱյ޷죬ûٿһµ˼˰īֻĶƤͷɥ߻˽䡣ӣԼҪһˡ
ڼҶүȫרע˱ϣīؾڽ﷢һΣ߰˲ۺЩ˰°ˣٿӳ񡣺ڶүҲûٷԸʲᣬֶ۵ģֲֻܿʱ
̫£ɫͷ˵ѾȥīһɫʾҲҴŵǰӣʳб㰲ˡ
ڷͣϺµգҹĻŨŨƿվ𣬶˶΢Ĺؽڣƫͷ𣬷Լһˡ
վڽССģ˫һĿϣҲ֪ȥƺ죬̧ͷ·һһһյӣүǲǶˣû˵꣬ǹĽһ㱻Ʋסǰȥ
ڷǿīֱֱĳۿҪײԼüͷ˳ѸסīŵļסΣҲԶԶԼ
īŲˤ˸ʺòҡվȣϽڵлллү
ڷǵûʲ飬ǰСŮӣƺЩδļ򵥱ĺܣ׵һοīһһԼī㣬Ʈǰ
īżүҲգĿԼɻȴһԻȥˡ
ȻǶס˵ģǱĦײīŶ仰ֱǿԵİԻ
ĸ˸ЦͷţүȻȥˣ
״ɰĶ쵰͸ǳΣ°ʹҺīۡϸֺЦ䣬ǳ촽ľС¶ϸһСǡڷǿīſĵЦֻӰߣɫȹڷ׷ɣĶ趯
ſͶºĹӰҲ׵ĺӳԾ




023¡ӵ

ԺţڲſڵȺīŻص԰ȥ
һţɽ׼ڵķˣī۷Ź⣬˲Ͼֱֲץ˿ӣһͨơ
ɽīŵķЩң·ŵīɻЩеЩû˺ûʲӰɣ˵ˣ
īһ̻ʣһ߿յܽһĸ룬ð죬ģ³һ֣
ɽеʱĽ
ķˣīͳһӣݵĿУٲһ֣ۡ
ɽĵĿΣĬĬֱߵĿ룬תȥΪ
īŵĶƣ۱ڵϮɽˮīˮƤһһģҲ֪ıľͰ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬ɽҡѴ˯īšīźһľ۰û˯أоű˻ۣѾˡɽֲиīֻܲʲԸۡ
ԺϴͻȻ뵽ʲᣬīŵ۾һԲˣɽҪԷ
ʵ˵ģֻīŸûθڣûѣɽͬһ죬ĻûԱأ
īſɽ㣬Ҫ˵ԣܳԵ£ɾһ첻ԷĻᣬ㣬ŵùȥ
ȹһİ࣬ٺɵǸ˵ȱһ춯صá
ɽķ˸ۣתſڸ˸ڹ¡
ڲվſڣɽ˵ͷϴ˼޵ɫ
ϲʲʱģղûīţܲ˼Ľϲڲ򶨵ĽС㣬򶨵ʾ⣬ǳʱˡ
īŻص鷿ڼҶүˣ޻īŸɴ䣬ʱһһĹȥɫȴЩˡ
ϳԵЩһ·ʱûʲᣬվûãͿʼԾӳŵܣһƶµûţһһַ·ֻ֣ںѹ
īŵһŤȴǿŬվãòװ磬İ극ˣЩζȣḷ̵́ķ⡣ζʱȴʹĴ߻ӿʵǿѹ£̲ס˸ġ
ڼҶү׽΢һĿ⡰ৡĴ˹Σаͻһ
ī֪Ǽòģڱ˳ԷʱΪãһѹʣһĽүҲΪ˵̫û˵꣬ǼŻ
ڷǷĿӣĿīɨһȦ˼ϸ΢ӣбϡ
õĿīȴ˵һ˫ԽԽ




024¡ҩ

īžٳٶۣҲ˶үɫ仯ҪŭƴѹθҪ˵үĲΪ
ڷĴϣΪʲ᣿
īؿڣһڿˮٿڣȴЩ飺ҡǡϳԡˡ
˵Ϣ͵סˣڷǵüһ
īź˼ĵͷϡҡԶˡ¡˵һۣҲѾ˵ˣʹġ˿
ڷǵɫ𽥵Ļīŵһ˵Ĺ죬Ĭ˺þãţûһתصīǰӸµƬ̣°С齷΢һ̧
ȥ
īܾĿү⡭ˡһӿССĶ쵰˲šͳһš
ȥڼҶүɾظ
īʵĽһֱӲʵЩվסˣȻүˣپܾҲǺԼȥˣǳٻŲǰС£ƺùһЩĺһ
ûһ͸ˡҩ䣬ߵǰȿ˿īŵɫΪ˴Ȼߵڷߣ˼䣬㱳ҩˡ
ڷ˵ģϵıֻһЩٽѾ߶ĶϷ£ҲϢˡ
ڷСɨȥһ̧ۣðĴ룬߹ȥīǰһ͡
ҩˡ
īżֱܳˣԼŵү÷ǵû˴˶ҩ֪ǲ岻˸ͻЩīŵѸӿˮ⣬ӣ޴үллү
мĽӹ룬̺һڡһڣǼһš
̣ѽģīͷͶģʱӦһŤĳᱻƵʵĿǰĸߴӣĺܣǡɲԲȰ
ڷСŮӶһޱ顣
޹īֻ־ĿһŨҩ֭УǶүĺ⣬Բȡһգס˱ӣﹾ˵ҩⲻҩˮ𰡺úȡ
һʹҴߣһ߹๾һ꣬īű̵ֱ࣬СķĿζûɢȥӵֻҷүҺˡ
ڷǶ룬ٿīYYĹӣ˸˼£Ҳδ˵ʲᡣ
֪ǲҩЧʼãĴƽīžúùˣֻͷЩһǷһǷǿģ˵үҶӲˣһ͡ĥī
ﰲĺܣû˻شīٴ˸ǷһᣬſСϣһһԶӰ
һһ͡˵ͷԽԽͣһ±˯˹ȥ




025¡Ц

ʹĽѵīҲϳˡ
ɽ֪Գ˶Ƥ뿪ү˴ҩҲ鷿ȵãʱʧҲ˵Ǹʲ顣
ī鷿˼ĿҩÿҪʱﶼҴߡҩ֭˰Ĳҩÿκ꣬īŶԺ˯ȥʱɫˡ
ʼīǳϻ̳ϿֵģԼ鷿ѾߵģүæԼǺ˯㣬ʲӣֵֻǣүδҲӲ˯ˣȥ԰һˡ
һ죬īںҩǰ߶߶һ˸ɾ֪Ϊʲᣬ⼸ǰС϶˼۽ҲӳԹīųעʱ͵˼Σ۽ģֺóֻĿζ
Ѹץ˿۽ŽīҰۼĿǰֱֱ壬һԵıʼܡīŷɿٷɿܹȥүҪдˣĥī
ԼֵֹģԼӣүڿīŲ˼ķ֣ӣɬЦЦҵģ˵ס˱ٿѳԵģζġ
үǿ˵Ҳ֪Ϊʲīȴ˫۾ûˣʱ˫۾ɻ裬īҲЩɲסˣϸϸ˵ǶõˣеʲᶼʲᶼģûҲˣҴġ
ûһֱǰģʱȴ䲻Ŀ˿ڡ
īŵ˵ͷš˵֮ˣûмҲ֪ʲӡ赤īŵȻϵЦҲ
ƺأ˼ֱİģһһվĶˣ˭Ҳû˵īĬ˻ᣬ̧ͷ˵үҰĥīòã
ڷǿī峺͸۾鲻ԽӦá
Ļش˫ںڵ۾Цģϸ׵һűǹɵ¶һҶüչҲ·ЦһһڷϸͶ˽ȥ
ڷʶۣûӦԼֿ˿ڣĶ𣿡
ī㶣ѭָ˵ϵ˲չȥϸĿ˿˵ͷţ࣬ʶġ
ڷǵĿ͸Ϸֽʹȥһ顣
үеģҡҵֺóġīŵˣԼԼ֪õó֣жүЦ
쵰ϵĺγĵǰ˸Ƿ֬ɬɬЦȻΧĿ·ɢů⣬ڷǵǲײްģȥɡ
īֻȡ˱īСĵı˱ֻӵСƵģͷȥˡ
ǶүԸҪīׯصǰ£̯ƽֽׯصķ˱ĵһҳ˯ɵϢ˺ö죬Ҫúõдܽжүʧ
īŵСһׯ£ϸĶ˲һһдרע档ȫ˯ҲϵһɶҲûԶ΢ƫͷá




026¡Ļ

֮ᣬīŵĵ𽥷ſЩڷǲٽͰšڷȻûʲ飬ǶīţıȥЩأҲż䡣
īžãԭڼҵĶүʹүǺܲһġүȻģδϻԼۣ˴򣬸ҩ鷿Ъ˺Щ죬Ҳƽϣһ׮׮īŶεļϡĵףѽڼҶүᶨĻˡˡȦӡ
ᣬīڳд˲䲻ʶģ˲ܵڷߡ
ү㿴ʲ֣
īŻǵöүһοʱһŹֵı飬ֱҵطꡣҲı䲻ʲᣬҰοҲˡ˵Ҫʣīʵֱ׳˵ˣҲһֽ
zhuǲҶһ֡
ЩīŻ֪ˣүھӪׯֻڷģֺֹǲׯһ
Ŷԭzhuīűʶѧʻ
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027¡جΣһ

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028¡جΣ

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029¡ν족һ΢h

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װ򶨵֡ץ˿ӣȷƵתͷٿһۡ˫עǳǳīżһ극ͽССڵľ׽
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044¡ܿ͹һЩ΢h

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ץ󣬱СˣԼϡ
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ԼѾģɾŬָֻоϸ΢ʪֻԵʹ࣬ûаãûȴڳʵľܾ
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ͷȥϸϸĵһ⡭
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045¡ܿ͹һЩh

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û˵̧ǵĺϵĶ׼ģʼһһ롣
ۣ˺ѰۡסˣīŲסķ
仺Ľ壬Ǳֿĺصǰ֮ᣬûһ˿϶ϵĴһսǰſļͷ֣ţˣѾûаˡ
Ѩݽһ·ѨҵżǰеĲףӲͦҲЩģīŴϢϵȷ̫꣬ϣеҲǲù
Щ
īûϢĿˡɣ˵ף۵ģɣ
о𽥱ʪﱧĽСɪɪķޣޡֿޣǳ⣬֪ΪʲᣬѹںڵĻֱȥ
ӲͦһѨʱţоѨżƺ⣬΢΢һӲͦЩһ
īŲгظÿһεĶŪ֮ͳø࣬˳֮ٽĸǰнðˣֻܱסĲӣǿҪ̧ϣܱܿϸ𡭡𡭡ٶˡ
ǴʹĵµӲͦʱǴ˼֡סƬΰһѹ̾Ϣõһͷǵܿҧ
ī޿ӵһ£ıӵĲӣˮץһ鸡ľ·ʹᣬ顣
Ƭΰ꣬ĶѹСﶼСҲǡʱѨﲻٸɬѷڳұˮҺĽ˳ࡣѨ⼯˱е̲סģԽԽ󣬴̵ԽԽ
īҲоʪΪԼѪڼеĿ־壬һӿҪûһۣһߺ£ĵҧӲСӲǱЩѪɫҰðס
΢ۣռݣ˼Ȼ󡣻еĲһֱûͣýܣǺʡһ߶һߴϢг
ǵģҪгϸϸĵͽСǴ
ʶһ仰ӿϣīżǵãһ˵⻰Լͱȥ˵⻰֮ͬǰɴʱ˿̣ȫû
ģǲŹģ̲סˣǽҧĴ˿ۡ
϶ֻӲСڿİСſΰ꣬סСˣʶ
īϵˣȫ亹ƬССĴˣҺģȾʪ챻ˣ۵£˫֮ﻹᣬݵĸоǿĸоɽϯҲ˲ʲˣֻܾ·Ŀ޽С
֪˶ãͣסˡӴصĴϢȦƺһ
һ俪īű̵ľҲ˫͵ˮ뵣һƬն




046¡һҹ

ûоŹīš
ҲЩ벻ͨͻȻҲңͷһ֮ᣬһ̲īţڴҪüΡ
ī֧Ųסֱӻ˯˹ȥۿϳʱ쵽Ҫ½īŵ
˵ϵãīһһյڻ԰·ϡÿһĵۣʱ޷վҵģżȫ³˰߰ߵĺӡӣûˣҲûѪԼһҹδ飬һɽָ˵ء
ŲǼģţƵģԶԶƼϤķݣһŮվǰһݣһ߳īŸϽ˹·̬Ȼû˾Ͳɽġ
ǿ˹ȥŮӼʱ˾ĿҵͷɨͰ͵һ۾߿߾ӵʣڶүǶˣ
īһ㡣үܣ˴ߣɽǲ֪ģ˵ʵɽֵúġ
һ룬㺬ӦŶҡš
ɽգۣһĿīţ·ǿүҲҸŶҵȵΪֱ׽ȥ
ʵû´īﰵҲ֪شĬһᣬֻúҵ˵Ŷҡˡ´Ρ´Ρǵá
ɽĵͷٺҵȣͲ㷹ԡǽ컹Ҫȥ鷿᣿
ţҪȥġ
ɽٵͷתҪȥ㣬߱СֹүҲϧģϢϢ
īվһᣬͷ˷š
԰ò˹ȥһ·ȥ鷿ʹ·뵽ҪүǺһᡣ
ˣ죬ڻ˳֮ǰΪʲҪ˳֮ᣬûʱȥˡûԥĥĻᣬΪ鷿ŴڼҵĶүվڷſڡ
īӲͷƤȥͿ˿Ҳ֪˵ʲᡣ
ݵӰԺ︦һ֣ڷǵĿû֡ģǸӵģµĺͯһ޴ģڷĿ˿ڡ
ҩкȹ
ҩʲҩûΪʲҪҩɻ󣬿īûʣֻʵҡҡͷ
ûкҩ⣿ֻ̫æǣæᡭΪδæǰŶ쵰СûʲѪɫ۾Եĺ࣬ȻûϢá
ؿҵϢڷǶ˶񣺡Ƚȥա˵أȥ
ףүҪȥīſȥıӰ뻹СĵŲӽ˷
Ǻۣ·ʱĦǣ˵Ҳ˵Ŀࡣͷ϶ˣʵһҹҲûʲˣֻǿүɫ޶˵ĽţĨĨͷվԭأ뿪˻
ûһ鷿վīǰֻȴ˵һһ˲Զ۵С۵û죬վЩ
īԽ޴룬ҲѾ߽ЩΡѾ߰Ѷ뻹һСӷ£˸ˡƫͷð룬ȥ̧ٻصīŸǰ
ˡ




047¡ˣһ

īſ˿ɢŨŨҩζĴ룬ҩ֭ںġԼûΪʲҪҩ?ɵٿǰӣүûҩ
ˡϵĴĻҩǰ˼֣һûӡ
ѾյıǼ⣬һӵĿζǰĿⶨϣֻðˣסüͷȥ
ˣīżȻİŻҲȻĽӹȥϡ۹С齵˵㣬ʾȥһ鷿ĪĺһҩīȻһͷˮҲǹԹĻ
·ʱʣǿװӣòеǰµĶǷŵļ°һأ̲סĶһ¡
ӿ˹һڵȹˡ
ī˲侪˴ˡ
ѡȹӣ
ү㡭⡭ҡǲˣͰ͵ģǾĻ˵ˡ
ڷǿϣʮֵ򶨣ֻҪˡ
ûүġûС
·ˣ˵ûУ
īŵЩˣΪԼװúܺõġֻǡҪȹӡүɽҲǴ򰡡ǸطǸطܼܿġ
ٳٵûжڷҲûٶ໰ֱӶ֡
ī־ˣһĵֵһ߻ʧɫĽУ𡭡ү𣡡
䣬Ѿסʧƽϣڷֱӵſϣ϶ͣ˵Сīֵܵסһ߽߱ү˫ѱסȹû±㱻ۿҪ㣬һСǵ糺죬ǾүֻǸѾߣ𣡣
仰ӵĶֳͣīŵ࣬ѹ۾ס԰ˣѾߡīţҲѾߡ
ı飬Щ࣬Щ֣أīѾ᣿ʲ˼
ףҲûȥǲѾߵ⣬ͣᣬеܲ˵ַֹ
Ҷߣߴѹϣһ˺˲Ʋ
īʱҽһĹŲˣһҶˡ
ղžҵؿＱٵĴϵˡѹ棬ҲЩ졣
ã˶ûж㶵ĿڷΪٷ΢̧壬Ὺϸ׵ȣͷ鿴
˭֪ʱīͻȻ˶Ѹٵ֫þҪС齡ڷǲһѸȥץĽţûϸһȻĺܣһ¾ûץס
īű³˳·ֻûͷĲӬתͷȫǺˣȴǺް취
ϳһֻ֣һ㱻˹ȥƨϣ΢ϴУͷ˽šƴҪǰɴεĶֻͽͣǰá




048¡ˣ΢h

īＱˮѸٵڡ
ΪʲᣬүΪʲҪҲ벻ģǱҩǿаȹ㣬жĲԸҲˣġүүġ
оƶһֻķֿĴȡʹƴĲɻǵв˫ȱ򿪣ĺƨϡ
ÿҲ֪˫֮һࡣ뵽˽ܵĵطᱩ¶ǰī߳ܵĿˡ
Ҫүſҡſҡˣ¶ˣֻӲˡֻܿڣٿˡ
С˶ڷĻҲһƨɺԲܰףѨΧϡëƬ׵ĺܸߣģĲаɫҺѨڻҲˣ׵ע£Ѩ΢΢һһϣ³˸İơ
ﱻŪǺ£ʱЩߵ˵һ̡Ūɾˣźҩ
īŻûӦ͵һʹ˫ģʲỰҲ˵ˡ
˳ָ͵ĻѨתŪǳɫҺ˳δϵ˿ץӣѨһĴۣīˣСץ
ڷ֪ĲʣҲֻðࡣָĵط̽ȥɾǲеġǳɫҺĲˣС齣ȥ֮ǰѾһҩ
ȻûīŻǽӲſʹհһƬֺͽڷһ߶һǶҲˡ
ڷǻصϣСӣմҩ࣬ĻϸͿĨ꣬Ҫٶ˵Ѩ
ССҵĲһ£ҪǰȥڷǼ޵ǿǾ̣̾һסϸݵı뻳ŶҪҩ¡һ̡
仰ѿڶˣɤﲻԾĴЩպ塣īֻˡҩ֣һźˣŬƶֽţﺬʣҪۡҲҪ
ҩǱҪϵģڷСɵĶָѨĦᴥһ󣬺ԥĳֱ롣
īһҽСӹ׷ף˫ֽץȭָڶˡ
ѨȣȵĶЩˣҩһͽȥѸٵڻڷֻһδε˳մմ̽ȥͿĨ
īſǰŤ˦ȼ֣ᶯҲѲָĦĥָֻȥڷǽ裬ֲŪֻٶȿڣŶЩͿͲˡ
ҪҪɣīҡͷ۵Ҫƭ
·𷭹һɹˣЩ̣ڷǵĶͷʼ΢΢
ǰ˽ܻѨմҩ࣬ʪʪ۵ƨҲմЩһҵĹ⡣ѨڿѨҲǣеָá




049¡ˣ΢h

ڷǺһȵָ˳һҩ࣬ĥٶȴ˽ȥµһһѩ׵ƨ΢΢ۡ
һ㣬һ㣬棬ЩתǰУҩาѨÿһ硣
һȦȦģָѹ˱ˮеģڻ˵ҩ࣬еأֱܷóмٵһ֣ڳ֭
·ŵ㣬˽ܴɢָ䣬һ·ƮɢıǼ䡣
ϰã°ȴǹ㡣ſǰƨ﷢һһɳƵĵ̲סǰĻС죬˫ʪ峺ĺһƬ˵ɡ
ڷǵĺЩˣϲһı䣬̵۽Ⱦɫ
ǣͿҩĶЩζ
ָʼѨɵƶһһָͣһṴһСѨﻺȦ
ĶīŲĸˡ汻ȰŪۺۣʹһᣬһǣԾĺˣȫˡ
ǿǰ˼磬ָӰƵճЩԾҲֻץסС齵ΧӣϢڣүۡҩˡˡ
Ȼ˵Ĳ岻ڷ֪ʲᡣҲˡˣһ̡
ΪʲᡭүΪʲһҲڴأīģģָԽԽ棬ЩٶҲԽԽ죬ʹǵĸоϯĸй٣һ˵ĸܣֿʼϢĸ
ûûүҡҡù֡
īﲻɾģҲûԼһЩ˵Ľӵĺּ˼֡
ȼָ˳ȥָ̣Ƭ״һһĹգС嶼Ź
ҵСˣһᰴһתŪС˿ʼָͦᶥŪѨڣµϣٴϵ£ϵظ
ѨѾʵķڳˮҺմʪ󣬶īŵǹ˵磬ĸŪϸ΢Щ޴뺦¡
ܲԾȼǰ˿ģͻͻʲᶫеˮʱĸоȴƺǡȫȵĲУÿָѨڣܸоڼٵ
ǿָӵĸܣİЩϤһ˵ЩʲᣬڴߴЩʲᣬߣȴ˺ĿܣҲҪͿˡ
ͻȻָĻȻֹβʱһ
̾Ϣɱ治ܻ㣬ȼָĳָʱʱĹŪСˡһִֻӴµ°̽ƿĶǶסССһۡ




050¡ˣģ΢h

īֻţֵһŽ˸ץΧӣû˰취
ֺܴḷ́Ϊձʣָ˼ӣؿϸµƤС
ץظ󣬾׼ס⣬һߴһȼָڿٵĽˮҺ죬īǣؿҲǣͿ챻Ūˡ
һѴգѱͷĺǱһһУһǿһ
һĪĸоڲڣ֫ٺʹǹ˵ʹۺָоΪǿӿ
īˣ岻ԼˣǺº¡ףǵͨ죬ϢԽԽʶĿ޽ҪҡҪˡ
ڷҲڵ͵͵ĴϢµѨڹɵ䶯˱ƵԽԽ졣סСɻԲԼָס͵СˣЩסŪ
ī͵ڲʲһӱָסС齵Χӣ֫˸߷塣
ָѨľеڷǰһùᣬָȼ˳ûָ谭ˮҺѨѸӲøɾմЩҩ࣬ͿĨЩ
һ߻ϸһֻС齵ΧӡСȫûץΧϵСһ±˿ġ
ڷǽīŷתؿڡ޹ǵĿǰᣬʧĿǰһƬ
Ƭ̺Ĵ΢΢ϸϸĴڷǸ괽۵ףζ
ϵĸī춻񡣽ëƺϣٻתǰˡģղžһУīĿˡ
ǹģģɿ۾ȴʲỰ˵ˡģˡ
죬֮֡֡ǰԽԽûˣֻƲͷ֣ܿͷӲʵؿڣֻ
ӼܣҲδ˵һһŮСϣ˭Ҳ˭Ҳûڡ
ī־е㲻ԾˡƨһֱиʶĶһǸֱӲһ㣬ǲ
ɻ̧ͷǰһ˫۾ƽʱƺûʲ᲻ֻͬǡЩȣ·𿴵ĵлĿ⡭
īͻȻʶʲᣬƨ涥ĶձɫͨͨˣģЩ¡֪Ƿֲ˵ġ
ǾЩʱյദ֪ǰˣǸˣǲһġ
ǣӵģĽү
ӷŵڣһֱͦ鶯֮ʱĶ֮߳ı飬ǵøۡϣҪҲϣΪ˼ȴҲȷҪ
СĽүĺԣֱ۽˽ڷǵ³һ䣺
ˡ




051¡ˡ

ī룬ˡ
ȻǺͻ˲һġ
ǰϲ˲䣬ˣģĺۡ
ϣϵī㣬ģû˵
̫֮ǰڼҵ˾ѿʼæµһ졣̫֮ᣬǻǼæµÿղʱһϸӰ׼ʱڼҶүԺ
ӰߵĺͷҲǰ档һ˫Ҷü΢һҧҧһֺˣӺڷЩʲᡣ
ܲأīٶü
֮ᣬѾˡ죬춼ץС齣ɶүΪҩ
үҩЧͿΣѾˡ鷿֮ǰȥġ⼸ȥ鷿Щˡ
Ϊ죬ҩϵͱζү֡ÿɶ񡭡ԼŪһûֽֿеģᡭԼ͡뵽ʱ龰īŵֺ˺졣
һһΣʱմһֿʼ۸ġ
ģӿǿңЩԳܡ֣ǲɷϣЩġ
ɻҲЩ¡ģǲ͡ء
˵ˣү֪ܻģ鷿һѾʲĽǡǡ
īű߱룬СŤ°ڣһüӣ߽鷿ڸӵ˼ϰԵģֱƿš
˷ī̧ͷһЩɵˡ
鷿ͬһģһĸˡ
үǰҲڣվһӡǡ磿һģǸŮӣ٣ʲī㶵ĿǡʱǸ󡭡
˲룬Ҫ𣬿ɿſվˣֱӲѹȥ
ĸ˿īٿǰӣ΢ڷǣĶɫ졣
ѽ֮ǰ˵Ҳû룬ֱӽ˷īŴվſڣһʱҲ֪ᷴӦ
ڷǼɵӣʱѣŶջȥϢգٹ
Ļī񣬵ͷҵĸ˸㼱Ҵҵתȥ
һŶ˵ı˱仯
ϸ΢üԼĵܵܣû˵ڷֱӭĿ⣬鵭Ҳû˵
վĺѸٵĻָޱ顣ĸ˽ֵɫ仯ȫЩζ
ƺЩƺֻһ˲֪˭ȿĿڣֿʼ̸˭Ҳδղš
īһ·ܻ԰ֱܵġ
ɽˣһ۷ˣյģ׷ˣ
īץסϷĲһٹ๾ĺ¡
ȥ鷿ֻˣ
첻ȥˣүпˡ
ŶɽЩʲᣬתת飬ͷ㲻ϳ˯ᣬãͺúЪЪ




052¡ּˣһ

ɽһīž·˴ϡ
˯ڱЩ˯ˣ̲ס𷽲żһĻ
绹ͶүʶġԸʱڽǸ󣬵̬Ҳǲͬһģʲأ硭
£һ֪ġڸǺϤǶү
īڴϷȥùᣬǷջ˯˹ȥ
һɫѾˡɽīĥǰռһӵĲˣС˸ÿ͡
ǳģɽԶԶƼæ˸Ƶ߽˵ͷɽһӸīһɫһ߾ʶˡ
īﻹץӣϻзˣ£ЩˣҲ֪ðѷ˳ԵãǸðѿӵá
˶º͵ЦЦС㣬þòˡ
ī̾˿ǰѷӻ˿ӡվ˿һ˸
ˡ
˵ЦݼС㣬㻹ǵҡ
᲻ǵãΪһ仰Լ뿪СԺ䣬뿪赤㡰ء
˷·ǿ͸īŵ˼С㣬йң
īһ᣿Ĳɣƴҡͷ֣֧֧ķϣûûûС
Цɵӣ˵ѶᣬҪƭ᣿˵ȥīŵ֣¡
ֵǣ⽭ЩˣҲǿʲ˪Ͷ㼫нȴһֲڵĺܡ
ɿīŵ֣ϸϸĽڣԹңҲ֮£Ҳ˵Щɵӣܿˡ
īЩˣ²͸⻰˼ǿǰĴȰ衣
֮ǰǶӣί£׵ȴߣ̲סģӾЩˣûûʲġڡڶˡ
īţƬ֮ᣬ֣ǸԺӡ
īŲ˼ĳ˳ӣº͵˵ʵѡ㣬ҲǿӡҪ˵òǱǣǲһġҾҲݲһԡ
˶˶٣ٶīŵ֣ڼֵ֣С㣬ҲǵһڸġҿСΪ˸ٿ˫һһȥһ·Сѧ˵ѧ·պﾫƵڸϴģĳˡ
˵ЦˣīȻĪɵ±ЦݸȾҲɵɵֿ졣
ǰ˫۾㶯ˣһַ棬ۺϳȺϡ
ʱ˫۾ЩӣЩ˸Уƺ˱ʲᶫڵڼһɷ⣬˭֪ⱳᣬжٿ࣬ٵᡣ벻˵ҲӦˣֵʮʱ򣬸˱ʡ




053¡ּˣ

ʣһı޳һĬԡҾ밡ǾʲᣬҪʲᣬ֣ƴҲûжġ
īűǰ˫۾סˡ
ѹֵģʹģǿҵġī룬ԼӵĶСޡ
˴ƺԾЩʧ̬ˣ̧ʱƽ޲
ˣ룬ҲǲġˣҲ֪ܻ꣬ΨһĵģСӡҿǳҲûѡˣǶ㣬Ȼǲһġ
⻰ʵת̫죬īȫٶȣǰעԼֻɵɵĽӻŶǡ𣿡
ЦͷСӵ˼Ĺҡ
īʵں˵һ䣺ǰǸ˵˼ȷǲͬһ㣬ҲҪȥϵˡģǸˣʵû֡Ҳûҡġ
߻䣬Ǳ߾һϸ΢Ķīûע⵽ȴƫͷɨȥһۣϱδ䣬˵֮Ȼڸڼҵˡʲ᲻ģҲģԼλãҪʲ˸ʲ̬ȡŪˣͲʰˡ
ͷתīһͷˮԽĲˡ⡭ʲ˼Ҫڸ˻ؼģ
ھһƽˣ˵ȥҲþȤˡˣСúϢɡ
īŸϽվſڣƫͷٶɨ۴Ʋ˾䣺ҹ˯ʱѾϸţ˵ǰȫ¼ѷСЩա
īȻ̫ףɻǹԹԵĴ˸ǣ˳˵ͷżȥˡ
ͻȻһֵֹͨĻһƵˡīſǽԶȥҹɫıӰûͨԼ˵ЩΪʲᡣ
ţȴͻȻվһӰīһһֻ̣Ӱ߽α𽥵ڷ͸֮¡
磿īŷס֣ɲĿڽ
ǰû˵һ˫ǳӣںڰ˸
磬ᡭɫˣȻ֪Ǻʱڷ⣬¾վſƺҲǸ취īֽתš
ʲʱģ᲻أǺͽһ᣿ء
ĳ֣ī⣬֮ǰ鷿ûܺ˵ϻڼЩĵġ
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ӻûлش֮һվ
磿᲻˵أ
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ڶү鷿үߣҿҲ̸顭ԡԾ͡Ҳ֪
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ʻǰ˷Ӧÿĺɫ۾µĽëڸס촽˶ѣүҵѡ
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Ĭһ³һǸ¶
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ԼүἰŮ˽Ǹ󣬻˽˵ۡٽһҹͣһ֮ᣬڸס԰




055¡ʲ˼

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Ĵ桭ԭǲֻ֪
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Ϊĥۣȴǿֻš
԰ˣأ뿪԰Ķˣӣأ
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յʱ˿̵ƺЩ̫һ쳣īȻԵɣ֪ǣڷգڲԼ΢΢ȴһǰ˳ĳҵǡ
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һһһӵӵĺƽãһƵڷ
Сšһ졭㡭ԸԸ
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056¡´

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ײĲ·ѹ֣·ڿܣַ·һЩ档
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057¡ƣһ

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ҲһԵĶˣ˯ˣȥһʱ˯òԺЩ˯⣬ȴͻȻԶű죬Ļɫ
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058¡ƣ

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062¡ܰ糿

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ƺڵҲգۣ۵С˺һ󣬰۾ᡣ
ᣬ˿һЩֻץļĿתĶͷһ·ɨ£ͣϡ
ӵͫ𽥱īһֻһƣĿٶȶһĨƽβЩȶȣӳƵĹ⣬ֻƴޡ
īʶҪʲᣬʱķɿ֣סǰһ졣
һûϵ㣬΢΢ۣȴҲûٿ
īŲҿֻסԼ֣״εĺ˵ոոһûϴүõġ
ӵЩζǰһīŵ˫£ס
û˺⣬ڳЩˮžţˮǣ˱
עǰˣٵĺ۾ԲϺΣڷ͸ۡ
ֳЩ¶ȣȵ顣⣬ϸһȻϵܾ͵֣û赲ֱֱȥ׼סƬССĴ
īźܰգ죬һһץͷ࣬泯ϱѹ촽˱Щ飬û£ҧϵݾͱ׵˿Ȼᣬһͷ˳µ˽
δϴ񲢲⣬Щܲˣûʲζ
ͷҺճһĴȣĺȣϵĺȣȡ
Ӷᣬֻǲ֪ΪʲᣬӶƺЩһѹ㹻סȴûŪ䣬ʱʱñǼģҪſĶģֻӶᡣ
ﲻһأʵĸоҪ˵ȴ˵ʵķ򢣬Ĳһ·ĺǡ
еϵ֪ʲʱ˿ȥһ˫ȵĴִ°̽룬ĶǶֱӸƤ
Ҫֵƺ֪ûֵʱ䣬ǱֱֱϣסһСͷ
𡭡īͽУؿڴȶȣҪˡ岻ʲԸŤҪѣǲĴŰֽŷʧЩ
ĻҹһҹĲִ٣õһһ㱡ѾŲסˣ·£һֻ˳ȥЩɲŪ·һ±ɢˡ
ѹ˿һЩæͷӣֻǶؿڴһ飬۵ץǶһƣǰһֻ֣޳ָָֿǰװ׵⡣
Ѹٱ۲ٿҪ˫ֱסͷ屻ѹΣֻܶ󣺡Ҫү
Уٿ̧ͷƱĴ΢΢·صĺ
ķɢһЩ࣬˼ͷòϣʵǿġŨת⣬üȾĳаȵζ
ЩסҲЩľΪǿңȻŨŨռУԣֹͣ޷ֹͣ
ȴ˶ȴڴʱͷһҧ⡣
ͦı
ƵĺһΣȴȫ޸о
ؿںǣ˱ȵĴΧסܡص˱顣⻮Ȧ涥Ū
츴ӵĸһһϮŤ̧סǿ壬Ҳ㲻




064¡ҪǲҪ΢h

īŵʪһƬͷմЩճ˴ǡֵСĻֻۣܴڴڵĺƲסķһĵ
²ͣһŪһСӲ͹ɣȴȻ˫ץǰļҲȻֻģ޴ߵļˮᱳ𤡣
ɬ鶯ĺ˼֡һ˵粻ؼ⣬ƵɢǵؿڶЩˡ
֫ϸȴϵĸոպáһ⣬Сۣ㱡ཫ򾡣ġӲѱ죬ʮ㣬ȾĽҺɽҧ˱ġ
Щ㣬ɢ֯һĻ棬ȼյĸ㡣˫֮ӲͦڽҡźҪȥռҪοǽȵİռĽԼƬĴҲ
һһĸƽ̹С˿㣬´ڡ
Ƭ⻬壬ָֿ̽ЩˮȫļٿһƺоȼӲͦǴ˼֡
Ҽ䣬īŸоĴߡڲ֪УһֻԽ㣬ռ˽ܡ
ĦƬ⣬մЩˮٲתѨڡ
ָĦ۵ѨڣһᣬȲֱֱһ˻ѨīŵͽһֹסĲɢȥ͸˲ʧЩѪɫ
Щµģʹļ䣬ָ룬Уӿ֫ٺ
ӾĽٶȸؿڣôమο⣬Ҫɢע⡣
ī޷
ȫ־ȼ䣬׻ָȴʹָڻǰУƼѨһֱǰеȻĶƵᣬһţʲιסͿҪ
ҪۡۡɳƣЩһ䶶Ĳ񻰡
ΪɬĹ춽ţ̧ͷؿڴصԹԵģЩ
Ȼī޷Ըʵ˵ЩʲᡣȼָйɵĶһһǣѨ⣬·Ӳ⡣ĵۣԤʾģǸʹĥ
ۡۡҪҪ
īŵǰģһƬеĿܣȼĶһ٣ɽָּתָڸѨǰСˣǰЩص
ʱīʲҲܲˣ嶯ˣᱳһķȳĺ߳ȫ亹ˮнӲס£Ⱦʪ˴ϵı졣
֪죬ֻźµһͿ϶ظʣ㲻Ҫۡ㡭Ҫ
֪᲻ֹͣҲ֪ûãоȼָ𽥻˶һ٣ͣ˽
֪˵֮ǰľ㲻úáʹģ̳ܵģ죬ǳ鶯ģţһĿܣȷʵΪֻǽŵĲʡ
·¶һϸ׵⣬֫вͦȼĻѨۻڳˮҺȫȲͨͨʪģëػصķɣѲֵСˢӣЩ
üҧˮɿŹ˵ӣ˵Ҫ
ҪܲҪңֳɫܰס
ɽЩԾˡԽԽὩӲס˱һˡָµѨ⣬ϵżȴЧѨδ෴٣ǰЩʪ𽥵ĸɺԡ
ȻǺ京ȴЩ̧ͷɫȫףͷĺɳʪȥֻ־塣һֻ֮
ǰһ̵·һþ
ڿޣʹʧ˵ҪʵЩˡ
ҪͷһˮЩζ
ҪֻǲҪǲҪԼ
ļͦͣЦһһģԼʡ
ҪǲҪ
īѹϵӶӣľֺ¡򣬿ǧ򻯣ͰٽӹջƬƬصѹҲһ
īŵģҲһֱ޵Ԩ촽˼£ģıۡҵĻ֪᲻˵ƫްĿǰΪֹĸˡ




065¡Ź㡱

ӵصѹʱīŻûס۽ǹ˼ᡣ
׼ǵһˣһҧҧҲ͹ȥˡֻϣʱҪֵ̫ɽĲ档
ڵȴ˺ܾãϵֻѹûĶڵȴһȥϵ˶˶оһ˫ֱƶս۽ٴβܿƵ߳ᣬ˵ˡ
ǿֱȦס˸һΣǰסһ仰
׼ٿޡģ
ë촽һ˶һһѵģ᣿Ҳûа취òáڵȴۣϢùȥǿֱ۳˻סûиһĶ
ķ䣬ĴϣȦĻУǰһǲҶ
ĻȣڼٵĺĶϣܵĽ࣬ģӼ仺
ʱţӻάƣûжҲû˵īŵ龭һȵ־壬ٵڵɻ
᳤ʱȥûз裬ûĥûʹֻǱʲᶼû
һ뷨ϢðͷϵʣΪǲ˵İ˻ӦҪԣ֣Źˣ
īĵ۾ľȺͲȷ᳤³һССڵĺǺһȥǰ˻ǶҲģΪǲ˯ˡ
һ𽥵ķճЩط˼졣
ķŹˣᷴڰɣʱǲˣҪȥү鷿ѵԤһֱһֱ᣿
ɬ˿ڿˮֱգٿԥСỽү
ϵֱ۽˽ӵҧгݵļ֣졣
˿ڿˮԭû˯
ܵ⣿һᣬּƵģɭɭģЩ⡣
īЩŵġǵ׵£ڿзһ£ΪǱɣȻֽãˡеģʲ⣿ʲ˼
ī޷شһ˿ָֻᴥŭѡ졣
Ӵӱ߳һ᲻˵
īĬƺ׼ŹŲǺúõģھͱưˣ
ңͱưˣ
˵Ϊˣ
˵Ĭˣ
ͱ˵Ļһıųỹġ
īȫ岻죬ֱͷתˡֲ֪νͣСĸβģˮתת
ٶȴӱصһ֪Сֲɫ֮ˣǹΪؿڲɱƣҲǣҲǣˬ
ʹ죬ܲʹ졣
Ǻˮ᣿³Ϊ˭ҪɫûɫҪûΣ԰һץһѵˣֺαӣ
Ҫ͵øһǿӲֱӣֺʱɿ޵²ȥˣֲŮȻΪǼסͣǺȾƺȻ᣿
һΪηӣ˵ʲᣬҲ֪˭
͵ķٶȽѹ£ؿؿڣӶӣĿסһ˫̵ĺһһ˵һΣŹ㡣
ıĿʮĶݺݣ¶·һ̾Ҫҧһڡʱȴδ￴Ͳ̡ȣѹ֣֮⣬ƺһЩʲᡣ
īŵӿհףȴ˺£Ҳȴ˲ֻĶӡǰƬİɫӸµĽ֣Ĺһֱֱļ䡣




066¡δ

··ڼҶүԺӻһľīվ鷿⣬ˣߵߵţү
̣Ϥա
ƿţӺһᡣſһĨϸӰӳĿǶ쵰СͣפӢͦü΢΢𣺡۾ף
īʶƤһ͹糿˵ַ·תŸϵļúüԼ˵ڸϵǽ塣
Ŷ˯̫ˣʱ򣬾ˡһ˵һ߲ڵ°ڣΪʲ᲻أҲ֪
Ӱδ۹ⲻۼɨͬ׵Ĵ˵򢣺
ī죬ԴŤ˲ӣԴŤǰȥվԣëĵһƣĿһϣְɿش£·޷ֱӡ
ڷֽȻİ˫ϥȦ˻ӵһƽ޲Ŀڵ԰Ⱦơ
ŶŶǡ𣿡īϣӦЩ顣
šȵò٣˵ڲȰҲͣͰȥ
īŴˡһֻס°̧ͣ۾ףǲΪ⣿
ǵģûУү
ٴüġûСȻǲŵġ
ǰĲͬʵޱ飬еĵǹԣīžһůӿ˿˵үˣϲҪտҲ˯һ̲ס˯ˡʱ۾ˡүǵϲѵģүûµġ
˵С΢΢ˣ˼֣үʲҲûûµģġ
ȥЩϸڣһʵûƤȥ˵үġʵҲ㲻˵ѰɣܹΣɽȷʵްܺá
ϸüۣιᣬ°ʹ֣ˣڲдʲᷨӿףб飬Щȷ
īҡͷû鷳ϲˡ˶٣ССʣ׵ĺǲǺܳ󣿡
˿ЩĿһһ߮·ڼĿīűЩȣֻһűѩƵĿϺУ֣صĵͷܳ󡣡
һСԴʱŶǡ𣿷ұҲƯ䣬ϢͻĿƤһȣĴ
īŴ˴Ƥϵȣһֱȵ°ʹϣЩġˣҧҧȴһ
Ƥϵ˿ϵһһգ˳˿ǰƯƯǳ󲻳󣬾һ˵δȴЩˡ
ףǡǡīգգۣ˵δ
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šһ֣͵͵Ӧһ֣ҲʵĻ
ֱۣһᣬͬ͵͵ʵأīûſϣʱЩִٺͽš֣˵ļʵó̽˵֣ڲס
īĬ˺һֱϵֱٶս˵ҵû˸үĥīûѣү᲻ǳԷ
һ΢⻺۵תĿڣҵѾߣҳԷ¡
ǡīŹɵĵͷֻǵã˵ڸѾߣѾˣ
ĪӵͷĶߣϴεˣЩ᣿
īűǺһ£òָµĺѸٵڣáЩˡ
᣿Щ˵䣬촽ĲĶ
ššˡĺˡīһ£ĺ촽޴룬Ҳˡ
ҿˡ
īһҵתͷȴòӵǡ
ۻĴУĶڷһסϸĲӣƫͷԴȥ
ĴһƺմȾϵʼ𽥱ȡ˱Ĵ꣬˱ͷĵĶһ衣סӵĴ֣ڻƶĦһ
ſĴݣϢ䣬īƢŶҿˡҵĻ˭˵ҲٸЦߣ




067¡Ҫˣһ΢h

ǰΪԼˣ鷿СϡЩݵĶЩݵĸܣī˲侯ѡ
ڳֻһӣᱻɨڵأŪ˲С죬һ
߻ûӦѱϡվΣ΢ֱ۷ֿ࣬׵ĺؿŶҿˡ
仰ظˣīȻǸʲ״ҲǲģүˡѾˣÿˡ
˵ҩ໹Ϳգܺá
ǡ𣿡ǡѾˡ
Ŷ˵Ļ
ҡɡǡīԺĻأϢÿȹڣϢĿ
ȡȵȣաٿòã죬ٿòãīڽսСһš˵һɷ£ǰŰɡ
ûȵӦСٴαȥһΣǵļҿͣмܲüѱȥ
ȡȵȡҡԼīڴģкò׼һ䡣һü˿ЩϾĿȴԼ
ϵɣīȴ˼ڴӲͷƤٽָϿ
ڷǵĿѩŮӲһյ䣬ɫ˼֡ʱ˰׵СȴͻȻһǰһƣϵ˶ֻСƵı𣬶˵ľèߡ
ϧŻûմأ϶һ˫֣Сתֻع档
ӲʵŶסĳ·ĴϸϸĿҧա
īһ߶һ߰ȵȣү䣬һѳְһ˦α
˾ЩϤƨ΢ϣ뼸ǰһ㣬ٴѿ߾ľء
˵ǿˣƺץסǰһֻѾģְݵģС
һᣬīžЩֺ˳ĽűĽףСȣһһ磬仺ϡϥǣƵĴȣȵģػصĴ
ӵгձĥļ룬дֲڵĴвزĹιīŵƤֹסķ
ϸֻĸСĺ¶ƤϣЩȡ
ӵָ΢͹ϥǹǣټӼ˳Ⱦͻ֮
īһݣԣƨүҪϸҩ
ʶһ㣬ʱŵ⡭Եģס˴ȣƴүҪ
⼸ȻǷġӵסϥǣķֿٷֿסĴȲٿǴһ֮ţһԴûڣȫ¶չ֮£¶۵ס
ǰľ£һеãڷĿŮӵϥǣһ
ī壬˫סԼܺúܺãʲҲʲᶼ֪ˣ߷ߵ
ϥϵĴֿʼƶĴȺʹȸָһתᴥ±պϵĻ·Сĵ̽
أһϸϸʡ
ᴥ£ƬָĦ״ϸĴУָǱպϵķصĸŪ˻⡣
īŵĺָĶĸϵظ˺þúþãõڷͿҪסˡ
Ѩڱָǳǳ룬ƵõͽС֫͵ͦᵹȥӼʱ֣ȵסı˳ƽ£档
ȼָ֫ͦЩ˳˼ٽָ֣һСȵĴһ߳ǰС
ҲΪĶģҲΪţ˺ָûʱȻЩЩǣīŲûоʹ
صĺȵָ⣬Ϥīϴڱǰ·¶ȡ
ڲֵĴڣܸоǴڹСǻģһһЩˮҺӿˮҺӿָ˳˳̽ĸ




068¡Ҫˣh

Щ£ΪֲԼˡҪͣ£᲻أ
ͷԷȼȴûǣ˵ĳԣǣ϶ߣүϡҩ
ڷһ㣬۵ѵõЦ⡣СѾҪӣʱ˵Ҫҩʵ̽ްġýۣΪһҩһϽס
ͣ˶˳ָƬʪݳ̾ǴСӣĸҩϸͿϣӻ⵽СѨĶڱڡ̣ҩմϼתָ⣬һͿĨһ롣
ƬһԴʪ÷⣬WɫѨ΢Ŀϣ³Щ˵ĸҩ͸ˮҺڷǿĺ䷢巢̣һü۱ŨŨ
īЩڣҩġΪҩܵѴƺָֻɡ
ҩ࣬жǷˡѨسŪתȼÿһ綼Ӳȥ㻹Ǻǻܣӭӿȣֹסͣˮⲻҩĥ
ҩڿīֺʪһƬһգָ˳ȥ촭Ϣ
ҩΪʲˣܣΪʲˣƺܸ
һֿĸоһصĿڻ㱼δֱȼͻȻһ顣
ţֲĵͽгָͬĴУ϶µѸٻ
᣿
ذһ¡оǱָϸСЩЩЩӲŪòС
δ֪Ŀ־īѣ־£Ͻ£˫ȣֳ漱Ҫ
ֹסĶǶ˫֮䣬һ£ֻǼнһǿˡ
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īžˡ
үϺүϺϺ
ھ㣬ӵһתī͵һ
Ϻѩ׵ȸĻһһʣ·д֡д˾͵Ƭ⣬մЩˮҺϸ촦дһƲ
ѽīſƲסļС
Ϻʣ׶ֱֱܵļ䡣
δ䣬ϺƬ⡣̼СѨڿʼͣϺմѨˮҺںɫϻȦһȦһȦѨڵ״ʱʱǳǳ뻨Ѩ̽
īŵһ󶶹һܶģڣ֫ٺײľ硣ϺĸԴ
Ҳ벻ģǰӻΪһ߲һʧҪͣ£Ҫסס֡ү
ڷǸǶĴƵ˵Ŷڽд֣¡
ܲ£ƽµ߳ܡ˽ܴƽʱдϺŪ߳ѿǣϺо˱ܣСǳ鶯һһˮҺ
Ҫд֡ۿȣȣЩȡ
ϺѨڵǻʷ͵̽һСѨϺıʸ˱ָϸһһСѨһΡ
ϸӲıʷָܸοܵһ£ιÿһ壬շÿһеĵ㣬ڱھҵˮҺӿ˳ʸˣϻ۳һ̲
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ҲڼٵĴϢŮϵѱȥɫ̴ľϣǰССİŤΣͷͦĶӣ죬󷭷ɣϺüӲıʷ滮Ѩǰ˵С춹
īžҵĲһͿϺС춹ǵǴ̣дĵط˶ԴؿڱƵĿҪˡ
ҪѽֽžΣīŸĿ޽С
ʷ沦ŪС춹һ룬һ̣Ȼص¡




069¡Ҫˣh

īһףҲŲȥ۵һըѿ˶塣
ҩԵϺϴ˵ģǰʪ͸˱ĻߡʸҲʪһ룬һ͸ˮҺ仺¡
ڷǵĿתϵˡ߳һ̣ʢɫͣפ۵С
һ˫峺ĺʱʧ롣գ˫ǹ죬ǰͦ˫֮ĻأɪɪòһƬ١
ɢҵĺڷ壬ϸķֿмһ̲ջʪ
ŵĵ㣬ʪ͸Ϻϣ䶯WѨڣɢֱ䣬ǵ˼ޡ
һѴԭһֱյĵף˳ı˪յ겻ѡ
Ǹˣɴδ˿͡ĴϢһعһҪȴ÷
ſС죬Ӳͦѳ滷ƣԲĶ¶մմѨˮỺƽ˽ȥС˻ڸ߳ʧеһɵĺƵĽУү
ؿڼ¶·ʲХƱһ̲СĵıͬӦŶ
İǰάƣϡƣӲͦ˳Ļ˽ȥ˲ȫû룬ǽȼеƺһ
ţͬʱĵ롣
᣿Ƶʡ
߳ѨͻȻһΪִĶ룬ʵĸоȼ䴫ȫīƵĻ
ĸоΪõļ䡣Ǻǣֻǣȴûмеʹࡣ
ֻǡֻΪʲղȴ˶үϣҡҶү
ɬͳͳĻϵһĻĻǽ̧ͷŵ۵ġ
ССǰϧڷպʼʶ
֮ǰĲִͬӲĶСѨָδĵط棬Ħ۵Ѩ⣬ΪǿҸΪĲĸܣСԴЩǡ
šڷǵ͵͵ֽСҺ㹻ʪ󣬲ŷ˳ĶļѨ䶯ܵ˱ӲͦĿ̲סһײ˻ġ
ŰͻȻʹīʶľ·ͷߵһºĶӡӽԵֿۣʼδɢȥ·ŰǲʣˮҺȴѸٷڣ͵Ľ࣬졣
ܡܡϸϸϸϸĺߣֱѨӲͦǴ˼֡
īųŵòУֽŲСԴƴҡĳ𡭡šٴˡ
ǵʵֻⵥʵıӶǰ**Ĺˡΰ꣬ӲͦٵĽÿһ¶׮Ƶض˻ġ
ˮҺӽķ϶ʪ˵ëʪӵű͵ĵҲմ͸ҺĻŮӹɼ䣬ˮžž졣
үѽүỹǸҪīҲֻ֪ܲͣĽүҶС˿ʵ¶ļĻζĦ⡣Ӳ͹С㱻ĦֺףдЩĿο
ڷУ½ʪû˰ζŨңѨҧЩʧ̬ıסϸ֫ǷĽ
īűײĸ߸£ʼձӲĶͣЪĴٴ̡վ˼ϣ˵ǿӿÿһΪܴһ̱ߴֻܼ档
ĴϢӦģסģȵĺƣ˽ܴǶϵûз϶ʹ飬ǿο޷ֵֻ֪ɼĲһ־ĶҪ١

Ӳһ־˵ٶڻѨĥѨķ·Ǳ˻ʹдĿﵽ˼¡һŹֽźҵīŴֲĳУǰһڣ˹ȥ




070¡

Ѩס˴ִ֮С˶йһ̱ڷǵ弸ĽƺγӲͦŮǽȸ˾
Ϻ㣬ӱһƽٵĴϢĺһ
С˺ʪĶͷһؿڣֽƵĴࡣͷ鿴ʱ֣ԭ˹ȥ
ī˹ȥһΪǵļ飬Ϊϵĸȡ
ǰܵ˶ӰЩĸҹ¶أ´պ˯ЩʱδǱӣϻڼҴүľţ鷿δƵģˮʪ˸ɸʪ˼ҵĻЩּīĺת˲
ڷǲ֪Щģ˻̵ĲԾ±С齣ΪѸٽ˴
ûã㼱ææĸ鿴һ֮ᣬó˽ۡ˵Ǻ塣
Ҳʲ󲡣˿µҩʵ˱ӷЩ˶ϵĸȱáڼˮʳҲ嵭죬죬ʱҩ˺Ҳްˡ
һڼҶүɫԺÿЩ־ЩģһС˻԰ʱиźѾߣֽ࣬ȴʱСأǾľչˡһ룬ȡ罫īŹ˸ʵԱһ·԰
ɽԼС¯ҩҹҲǲ˯ʵԷûʲľ죬ŵԺ˻ۡ
ȵү뿪ּ˰Ȼ˿ɴүˣүˡ
үǱĩһˡĳѼһΣһǾĲУڶΣһ
ңβˣˡү˵Լ֮ࡣҪ̾ˣǸɵֶءԴӽ԰ûܿࡣһǴССˣһܺշȡεźչ˴үһЩϵġ
԰ǸɵӾһݣĿĻ̷һԶԶȲġȴҲ򵥴⣬лԵ컯ܵõЩݡ˵˵Ӧòǻ¡
λǶ̬ƺЩתġת䣬ᷢչȥΣ֪Ҳ˵׼ɵɵģϣˡ
ҩûãһˮȿˡɽվˮ׼Ȱ˲
ڼҶүڴߣרעĿϵˣɽˮȵÿվ˴ͷ
ɽȡ˽ˮʼΪīŲʪĶͷ۾ӣٲͮͮգӴʱɽ¿ͣͣҪѲġԵӣһվڴͷûаҪܿ˼
ðɡûҪүתͷ۵ġɽһ򶨵룬һ򶨵Ľ⿪µ¿ۡɵûǶ᣿ѵɢǱ鲼ϵСӡ¶˳ɽῴףѸٵĺһ졣
סеĸ棬ϸΪ˲˸ɾѡѽӻ˳ȥȡ˼õҩ˼ͷСҨҩ֭һСĵι¡
ī֪޾ģιҩḺ́ǼڼҶүվڴͷҲգĿҩ֭춼˵ףʱнŲԶӱƿת۳һˡ
ɽ˶վ˸ү
˼ڵ龰ƺҲһǣ
硣վڴͷӵĿڣȴûлش˵⡣
ʲ󼪴ӡ֡ɽͷƤЩ飬ɿʶȤ˳ȥǰ˼ڴϱ۵ˣüˣ
ͷվҲ˼ڴ£ΪСЮЮǣ˵˺Ÿպҩȱˡ
˵ĿⶨպĶ쵰Сϣζᡰš֪ͻ԰Ҳ֪ȥ鷿һظˡ֪ʲ£ʳ֪ζùţ̲סĹֻû뵽ĵܾܵȻδߡ
˺᣿ҹ˯˻δǱӣһС壬ܲء˼ת䣬Ŀȴͻһ
ɽΪīŻ·ʱҲʲԶæϵĿֻҴϵһš⳨䣬ѩײӡһۡ
ۼɣʲᣬײ
ٿ̧ͷƶסӵȻĲ㡭ҵĻЩˡޣ٣СһݰСӱһڳŲסķˡ




071¡ֵ

㡱֮Ļȴٳû˵ڡ
ڷǲ׽ͣ٣Ŀǰİ𪲱Ҳǵ㰵ɫĺӡ΢΢̧ȿڣ˰ĽСֻҪϲģһŲ֮֮ͬҲֻǫá
Щͣǣǡͣٹᣬǻ˿磬Ψһֵܡ
Ǵ磬㡣Ϊֵܣǡ
һ㶡ڷָ˸С˵գ˵Сʱϲģ󲻹Щ⣬ڲһø˭˭ģ˭˾ġԣҲҲá
üֻǸڼ˵ΨһֳһĸͬڼֻʣֵܶˡģҵģǵģЩʲأ
һ̧֣ǰһԼƵþûøӣ߻ЩĻһüһɣٽչ˿
ֵܶĽɫҲȻڷ°ĿͶ˴ϵˣ޳ָĶͷȥĺԿⷬȻĶҲǰȡ
ʮ֮ᣬܾܵһֱޱ飬ʼһּʱһŮ˵ģ
ڷǶ˶ȴһţ³һ仰磬öһЩ
Ǳ˲βֻͣƿ˼Ҳſڣʲᡮĸ˵ʲҲ᣿
ڷǲδƽϣ˷䣬վɫˣһ˲ҪȻд翴ˣҾˡ
ˣ£ֲġǿ磬ϧĵܵûиᣬƶתûӰĲʵüëݺǱߵȥһۡúǱƣȴԷ̧ߵ˴ߣϥһƨɾ˴ء
ССݵһˣڿޱ棬һŶ쵰ԽԵСˡ
Ǻµҩ֭ʼˣװ׵һͷڲͣðǵͨͨ죬촽ҲǺĲȿøɸɵģƤǱޱƵˣǰһĨСصĴëڿٵĲµҲЩˡ
ѹѹӣĳһ鿪ʼ
ڲɡأӰĺܣһǺܲܲˡ˭Ǳӵģֱִûѵǲ᳤ԵġֻܺҲΪɣҲﲻˡ
ԣΪʲҪھˣԲԣʲˣʲṷƨھйڲЩʲ᣿ЩŪˡʱǰС쿪ʼ䶯ϣսЩϸŵ߽
ȥظļ֣ɽһּ˼֣ү
磿ɫһ֪ڸĻΧ԰鷿ѾߺڲҲδʶʲˡ硱˭Ȼ׼ˡÿļᣬһͬǰģԸʶģûϴĻĵһӦҲ
硱ᡭ¶ˮ֮ԵȻеܣڸˣȻʱ硱
ɫѿϲˣȴΨˡү͸ֱǹ̵һµģѣ
ҶüƵĽë˼ƿããȻȥһۣƤѸϣһţᷳӡ
ڵĺܾʣһΣƴѹ͵Ŀ꣬ģѣѣ
īᡰšǳĲͷëٴƶתתڴϲˣһᣬ촽һţȻƣڳݻģˡ
һ㣬عʱҧгݣҿˡ˭
īźգۣ񶨶ģУˡ
дƬѹֻۣ׵ᣬҪ籩ꡣīŻڶĿһƽ˵ˣһɤӣ˵ҪҪʹɣҲ㡣˵ж񱨡бӦġ
īŶζĿãս˵Ŷˣ֪ûеõӦأ
īƺ˼һᣬ˼˵˱˹ҾͿԱˡҲŹġ
ĻӵЦ
ֿһЩĿܣīŵüۣ˶Ҫ᣿ң




072¡족΢h

īźԥĵͷǰңҺۺۡˣǻˡ
΢΢ۡᣬ˵˵ò١ֻɪķݶӱ⻹СȴǺܲᡭյõӶˡ
֮ǰ£ǲˣʱȵȥҲģԼǵЩļлĿɺ죬ʱ˵öɡ
һС壬ܹķСΣ֮ʱǶ֡Զָأ޷
Щƻе㷳꣬ڿΪˡȥʵĥˣ˾ˣ޷ı䣬ڣҲá
ıƷ꣬˵죬һҧǰðͦǼ⡣
һҧĲأīŻǿƲסĶһ£㡭ҪʹɣҪҧҡ
ҧҧΣ죬ü
īĹĵĵˣ㲻Ҫ˵Ҳǳ
ǳҪȻʲ᣿
ҲǶֵģҽīš㡭ˣǻīŻû˵꣬;ͱˡ
Ӵ򲻳ƨģžģЩࡣҧƬĴסԼĽҺʪĸͷ˽ȥ̽Сڲ¶ƺĸߣɵҩζ˱䣬ԿζϢһͬݸ
īŻԴܿϧֻģı㡭ҧҡ
֪Ǻʱ˽Ƕȣѹ˴ϸϸĴ̲סңǵĸŵǰ´㣬Ϥޱһݵ塣£ӱ͸̸ȣÿ°ڣ˽ȥ
δǶģֱһ廬⣬ɫҲЩˡ
š΢Ƥϣ磽Щȶȣ֮䣬īŷõһ
ǰбץסϵ·͸ĿڣīŤӣſҪˣſ
ҧǴѩ׵ļѣоССڲͣðƤ˵ʪ⣬մģָչƬʪͿĨָסϵĶת궯ֱӲǴ󣬼̶ָͦ
ˡšóȥóȥīűԽԽȣؿҲԽԽǣ֪ǷΪ־ȫѣֻҲδ¾塣
óȥʲ᣿ҪҰʲóȥһ촽һߺȵʡ
֡֡ȥóȥīŴڴͬǺȡ
áؿһᣬ˳ȥȴת·ӡ
ޱ󳨣ǰ󿪣ûǶø˷㡣ӵĴ谭ϣ˱ȥ˵㺹飬ٺס⡣ͦıӲ͹С⣬ͷһתУݵļҧôסص
̻¶ĻӴ˿īһֽűѹأڵƤĦͷΣؿںǺǰܵҪߡ߿㡭Ű㲻Ҫҧҡ
شǸΪһҧⱻס˲
īɳƵĽУ֫ʶͦ뻺ʹһ߼Ĺͷ΢΢͹˳ӷſСӲ㣬߼͹ҧһڡ
īŲٴεͽгһ˫Сֽץסͷϵķ
Ҫס֣㣬ڣڽЩʲ᣿һߴƵʣһ߶ҧ߼䣬嶶ͣ
㡭㡭ҪŰīﲻɾ䣬γһࡣÿҧһ¾ƶһ㣬ûһƵ˶괦ͷСɵĶתһȦټЩΧ⡣
ѽҪҧˡˣӵĶīͦ֫ȫȵĲУǰε
ϸȼӲͦ궯ѡµ˶ǺģǺģ͹Ǻģȫ¸ǺһƬ
ϣѹδõ磽⣬ڣġҪڶ߻صֱǼ͡
ǣµ̵ľˣﷺƤϣðһƬƬļƤ
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ǲġŸպȹҩȻδˣһأס
ǰ㣬ߵĿ·֡
˽սջҧҧѸɢԵ£ٳޱС˶ʵʵ
ƽٵĴϢĺҹ¶أΣһһ䣬Ҳ֪Ƿް
룬ŤӶſڵͺأȫ᣿




073¡ԡһ

ȻɽԼУʼվ裬Դδɡķɸ˹ȥſסΣ򶨵򶨵ĸү
ѾõĶȥ׼ˮԽԽá
ɽһ
ȥٴүɨһۡ
˭Ҫ϶λˡֻҪˮһ죿ɽʣҲʣæ˸Ǿͷɿĳȥˡ
˸ߵľͰİ˽һһȡǣµ㡣ڴ뿪ˣһķִζ˽ľͰܿעڷڡ
ЩڼҴүޱƳȥһۣȥա
ɽһ٣¡ȥʱһƽڼУүҪԶ᣿Ҫһ˵еԧԡҪҪɵӻİܲܵסваְֱǾ
ľͰãתͷϵ˶ƿޱָ֮ǰҴҺϵ¡Ƭɨһ飬һ룬Ѹٽޱ¸ϡ
ߵľͰǰֽ̽ȥˮ¡̣¶ƫߡູˮﾻӦǸպá
߻شߣٲɵĽС˰˸⣬С屧ľͰߣСĵķȥ
īǰѣĥҧϵĴʧ֮ᣬֻۼѴϢûٶĶ
˵ģֻ˵ġ
ʵҲȥƮͻȻһƬ̰Χס˸顣
£ˣīȫûһ׽ڼϵĴַѿȥ
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ʱ׽סˣ屻ƴĿԣڻǰۡ
ģǰԼиӰ˲ʲᣬ񿴵ƵȥȿȾҡȿȿҲˮ
һ˵һ߻ʹĿȣͷʪ͸ᣬҲȫˮпԴᡣĺ۾ɵĺôôֻʧСҲһǰ·ȫʪˣϼûȥЩ
һ§ס˹֫һʪܵıοˣˣ£ûˡ
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ϸֱۻסĲӣ㲻һһͶͱ
ǻҲŵ᣺ûµģˮǳĺܣ¡
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ֻǾѣҾԱ߿ԹԵģľͰȥٲȻҪˡ˱ıļ˵ǴδùȰ塣
īƴҡͷ˫ֻø
ˣʪţġ˱ӣʵںݲץˮ
һʱ֮䣬Ҳû취ˣҲδ룬һֱסˣһֽ⿪Լʪ˴Ƭ·㣬ſľͰٱľͰ¡
īŵıֱҵĶ΢Ķ𽥵ƽֹͣ
īŹϣˮһһģͷ½棬ůģ֪Σգи񾭾Щ˯ˣ۾뿪գϢ
ˣȴЩˡΪǰŮδƣǰֱۻ򣬲һյ֫УպĶ쵰СͿ
ĺʪ͸ĳϵ㣬޵òδƽϢֿʼ
ˮȣܺãǳáϢĻ£̵ͦƨɣٻȸһϸȱ˿һһҵİʡ
ϵʮƨɣסϸϸ࣬СᡰšһøЩԴ˶ĸ
ݺݳһһײӲͦӲͦ׵ѷɿǴӲȲϣݺСΪʲỬ
סؿŰۣˣܽ飬﷢ЩƲãѹּ׺ݣֶ΢΢
ӦûˣΪǰ˲һ£СԴ䶯̧ĵ۾գɴɻʣʲ᣿
ȫ㣬ȴ޹ɫĳƯɢˮ棬⿪˫WƶŭǾޱ֬ϴ㻶ĺۣϸ֮ˣ·ڰַ·ˮһֻŮ
ѪӿһֱŰ޲˫֣壬˺ٻҵĻԤ桫һԡ




074¡ԡh

͵ĵͷƬĴ
۵ĴУ·һҧܱų֭Һ̽룬˱С࣬ͬһŰ
ϵľ̫ͣҺѸںϽʱ˳С˶£ˮ档ȵĴ಻תսأ۵Ķһ·ͣǽɵǰ
ǵ˵ĺ챻ˮʪΡΡİͦһںסݺݵҧֻҰޡǿ˫۹סĨϸµС屻ȥĲڽУ
ЩٶЩϺõ**ѪҺڣĿ͡
СⱻַմĽҺķ⡣Ƭѩ׵ıµ֫ԲΡ
ӲͦҪƱϣˮѹ壬ʶϵײġ
屻˷ĶŪī޴û˷ֻܲ촽ʹؿҲʹⲨδȥµһǵصʹиǣƵаѻա
ĴиڶŪˮ̣ȼ䷢顣Сһ̲סһˮҺһָ۵ı⣬ǲͬˮʪָһ٣ץסƬ⿪ʼꡣ
͵İθߣҲסƵķ׷׵䡣
ŪиˮҺ˳ٵĴϢָѨ̽Ū˼£ʪѸٵ̽˽ȥ
Ѩ䶯ָֻͣһͿʼһһĳ塣ȣӲͦǸ֪˵˷ܣǵþ˵Ĵִ
תָٵĳ鶯ָѨϿڡΪֲڵʸйβ⣬īеУһѨ³ˮ
ûһᣬָ˳ȥڱϸҵ˲ǰСˡס˴СֳС˶С
·᲻뿪ǽʪָƬһΣһΪϵָһͬ롣
ȫûʱָ˿һһšѨڱſָĹᴩѨ䶯ˮԽԽ档ָСȵ񶯣ʱһ͸ʪҺת۾ڽˮ
ͿǰСˣ갮һᣬٶȽ˻ѨظһϵȵĶ
ǼУҲģдЩĴ³īﾭܵסÿѸоʪһͿ
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ۡһӲͦԸԳȫѾõԴ
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һ룬ˬ̾ɼʱѨ⼯ҧסӲͦеۡǿ΢˼£ϻŮ壬Ƶĳҧ
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𡭡ٶˡīץӵļ壬һûһµҡԴ
šŻܡסŲСһЩ߽ȫԽ
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·ʪ͸ˣ͸ϣճ˶ź͸ݷļ⡣ˮȣյŮȣͿҪˡƸĶץסƬΰ֮꣬ԼĴӲ֮Ƕϵĸ
ˮУƽ⣬īŻУϣֻǿץļ֧šΨһȼ䲻ϽĴӲѨⱻصĦǿԣĶƵģˮƶ͵ĸĹᴩ
ˮƣľͰΧһ̲̲ˮӾҵĶˮĴִϸϸĿ޽С
ءذҪӡӺǡ𡭡ѽٽˡ
ĴϢأӺ﷢۵׵Ũɫ˰죬˺ƵĴÿһ¶ض˻ġתƴ޲ýŵҲһ˽ȥ
СšС
Ļı׺ݵĴŪµʹҲµĿοָµļīʹʧѽѽ
˻ƣֽͦŶСҵĳ鶯Ѩ͵һˮ
һ̵ˮҺĽеԲͷ̵һ飬ʧءͺһסС˵ΰ꣬΢˰ƾ




075¡

̵ľҺīһĲ˻ߣҲкֻܷ΢ʡ
ͻľͬľͰˮе·𶼱ˣһָͷҲˡ̱ӵϣСԴļƤصƲ־Ҳ𽥵Զȥ
ľͰߣһīŵһ֧Ͱءӱˮˮ˳Ƿ°͵εؿڣؼļ⻬䣬ѳ͸½
΢ٵĴɫʪɢᣬһ˫ŨЩδ㣬˿ȥһֻޱȵı
Źġû뵽֮ӿңûסСۻˣζʳ󿪣һΣûܳܵס
ˮѱ£ٵȥҲǲף˶ֽţľͰ
һԵΪԲ˲ͷøӱȥ˴ϣùϷĸɾ¿Ϊãޱϣ˱ǡ
һЩ˿Լʪ¿㣬ߵǰˡ
үһᣬнŲͣſڡ
Ķ̫ɽ벻ҲǲСԧϷˮû´Щģֱȡ龰̫W̼СĸСһײӲ´ʶȤվ⣬ûݡ
ȥڲȥԺȡ·
ǡ
һ̹ᣬڲ԰ſڻүӽȥɨȦڣڼҴү˸ˬڲ㽫ļҶнݡ
ʰһߺ͵ϵһ̲̲ˮգүڴûҪŲ˼ڲҶˡ
ˬתͷ˶ƿ˱ӣһµ˽ȥ
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ʱҲһ˫δ˯ѵۣ쿴ᣬʽԭҩĸ˼ζ˼ζ˵մ¼ҩ£ȹ˽ҹٿ
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أһҪúġأӦûʲ˻ȥһյĲˡ͡硱ûϵģǵڼҴүأȻδ뵽ЩԽǷԽ鷳Խ鷳ĻԽ˳˸ڼҴүδʹҴұȥ԰
ЩʱڼҶүҲˡɽһ߲ϵĻīŶϵӣһ߻Ҫкλӡһ߽߳һ죬ֵһ졣
ңϦµʱīŶϵĸȽȥˣҲẰӶˣһ˽˿
һˣͿʼѸٵĻָóԾͳԣ˯˯㶼鷿ȥǰ飬īǼǵõģǽ飬ֻǵЩƬΡ
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廹ǵЩǿҵĸо·Ǵһ˾ǻˣɫְԵ޺޻Щ˼ˣҲģ
үÿ춼ůģүҲǡܳԡ
֮ᣬīǻˣ׼ʱ׼㣬鷿ġСѾߡ
ʵڷٶЩ죬īŲԸѾˣÿջڴϣ˳ԺȾֽŶˣƵĶҪù˴ţȴ޶˷粨
СĵطҲаԣ˵ټڸӵһһѾ߼ҶڼҵλӷʣΪѾǾηǳݣ˿ձһţͷ÷ˮ
⼸죬λӷ˳̬һҪ԰ܸüءȥأƫƫɫƽһīŽڸһѾжšսŭ˴үүԱ԰С㲻Ȼȥү鷿ѾߡÿͷѾ˵ĺܲᣬһǸࡣмͷ鷿ﴫһ崿ʵֻӡ
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԰ȫŮˣϢ㴫ĸΪѸ١֣оȵģбĵģвɫģз߷߲ƽ̲סƵġ
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İŮѾʧǰīŻǴվԭءʵǷӦòգգ̵ۣŲǰ
죬İŮǺ׼ʱʱĵڰ·áīŶĳֲٸеˣÿ춼ĬĬĬĬ뿪׼īŲ죬İŮӵšһأīǱ׾࣬û죬һأŮӵĻʵЩδ
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ϣīų㣬ɽ죬߶˵һȥ
īһʼƣˣɽ㻹æġҵġ
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ϧûߵһ룬ǸƵƯŮ̧Դ׼ʱĳ֡
һԵɽǲмһˣֻīſС죬ϸࣺ᣿˾ȱˣɵ˰ӣȱҲûã˿ؾ͸Ͻռ㣬үͶүܱƤۣҪȻү˹ˣͳЬһֳֻģ͸Ҫġ
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ڷǶŶ쵰СϺʲῪģ
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үīſӶԼ䣬֪ЩʲᣬӵĻһ
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˵ǸİŮڿīԺ롣Լͨ͡òǴϱߵġҡԼֲǶүķˡ
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С˶̣˳ǰͷǡ
˱Сɬ裬ס˽ԷֿֿټճһϢζ¶ȣЩᣬӲһڻʳ
нפһϸӰ֪ԭǹһζһĵ׷£ԭںһˣӲģҲ
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һı飬Ҫ˵ɬЦЦĺܣīŴ㶹ỹǡЦ
ڷ§˻Ц绨Ůӣ԰иϯúϢȲعˡ
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Ŷīŵ͵͵ӦԼָףһССį
ڷĶͷ˿գҾ͹ȥ㡣
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ոӦްԷһСΪáҪɣơֻΪ˱ֻǿϸϸСĶģڷ־úݲġһڸÿֻ԰鷿Ҳƻˡ
Ϊƣ᣿
īһ漴ٵĻع񣬡һһᣡҡɽҵģүĿȥ𣿡
һ˫ϲڷ»˳ĺڷ˵ͷ
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īŹԹԵԹԵѧĺڴǴˡ
պܿĹȥѾ˸ƤæµԴϯ԰һˮ鿣հȹһƾͱһĵϻɽˮ´գ΢ҡҷƮӳλɷǺÿ
īǰȥƵʱϯѿԶԶľ֡ˮСͤмŮڸŪǵǰɴWŮ衣
ϸһЩ˲ƵѾߡǴɫϵسȹֻƵϯ䣬ģĵģģȣտȻ
īŶ֪ԭ԰ľɫŮӣֱۻңĿϾӡ
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ȻЦЦ˹ġ⻹ǸֺݵĻǲǿˣīŶ˶һصļƤ
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۲תǣīž˵ֻһǳЦܽϯоɫȫȥĪ˵ϯ䣬СƯŮȫǼϵġ
ԱһķɣȢһŮӣǺøī𺳵ͬʱҲ̾Ϣͬˣء
Ҳˣ̾Ҳ̾ˣīŻ񣬶ƺߵڼҶүԣľְġѾߡ
㴼ľҺĵ˰յڷǳٱʱƫͷʵĿɸˣ
ţīͷһӦɿƳϯССļͷ˵үƯƯǡǡ˾ɷ򣡡ѳζҲʵĴݣ֮¾ĳ
ۣһԣīŵЩɻý˵Ļһûסﺬľȫ˳
ڷҲһƱޱһЩЩŤϯλˢˢĽת˹ãǿ򶨵Ĳ˲ǣŤͷīųģȥ
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ǱܵӰѸԶȥϯ˲ۼĽ˸ɫ˾Ʊ̸Цϯ䣬˸ľ⣬ת˲š
īܰܰƺӵ˶û֣һֱˮԶԶͣ½Ųؿ˵Ҳ֪ԼΪ˵ĽšںڰվãٻȥҲǲ룬үֻ֪һ֣ź򱾾ǸдʣǷɵġ
˽Ųڵ԰СΧûʲ谵ĺܣīŵͷҲûȥµ·߹հ˹յģߵһߡ
վԼЩģ¹⾲ˮ棬ƴһƬԡԱһСͤӣīһỹ˹ȥҲδСֻͤſͤϣľƺʱŷָûˡ
֪ˣڣҪȥҲˡһΣ滹ʣЩҺīűб˺׼˳ĽƴӺ촦˳
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īŻҵǰͷȥԥڣˡ
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ŮŮȥģģģе㡭е㡭ֵֹģ
˵⡰֡⾿ӺζīŻĵĳݣСĵģģǰ
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Ŀһһƣֱաüë۾ͣŮŮݲƷˣ̳е̳СĸοʼڣͷЩΡ
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үģ۾ʹϹ˹ۣˡ˭ġˡ
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īȫӦֻС۴үϹϹڲϵĻصֻص˺ʻʻͻеش𣺡īš
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īŴ㶵ߣܵĴ̼Щˣֱ߻ԼӣûŪ׷ŵ׷ʲᡣ
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ԹԣǸеģ
ѹ֡ѹ˵ǾﲻԾѹԼ߳öö࡭ԭǸеģ
ŮŮǿˣһеܳأˣǶүĿ˰ˡ
סͷ˲ˣҲˣҲˣҲ棬羲˯
īһ˯İȣһֱ˯ϯˣվȥ鷿ߵ·أͷͿʼۡ
ڷûţˣиԲĿŮ״򲻶Ķ·ⲻһţʶˡ
ʶʻʻƵȹֻǰļͷĺܸߣȥϯź㲻õ⣡ЬЬֻĸ֦ͷߣҲˤ
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Ŷ^һüȻͷڵϵīţٿָʲᶼȱȱĵİϷȻˣǽ԰ｿƽУʱҲܹһմһմ㣬˵ǲһ׮
ڷǵкһӸµ۵ϵˣޱϸŨŨ벻мЩϲ̨ĶˡǵûϿУǵĸ֡Ϸļֵֹ춴ˣһֻúˣ򣬾ǲ֪
һһǲزᣬȴڳλŮӶ^ЦЦٶڷǵļ򣺡ǣˡ˵ߵīǰ£ʵʲ֣
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ᣬѺڴĿīʶĿڻش𣺡īš
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̫īǰһûһµĲŪķһ춼ģɽҲǰɻۿ˶Ҫˣǰ˻δԽ١뿪ѯʣнŲ̤
үɽ˸īӵֲԾһδü˵ЩʲᣬɽѸٵ˳ȥ
ڷɨϼҲδķˣߵī£θڲãԵ١
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һνź򣿶˵ֻǱ֣ڷǻʵ᲻죬ֻ߲ͣǻӿмӲЩʧ¶ȡ
ҡͻ䣬īеɻѵ𣿲ǡ֡ǡź𣿿ʵˣΪʲ޷ˬĻشء
һ˫ͬǰ죬ѹѹģԽѸӹץסҲֱ治īſӵı𽥱ķ磬ϺХۡĺϮļһƤϷ˵㼦Ƥ
⡭үˡԽԽҿĿ飬еľΣƨɾҲסˡϵֱֹסܵͷϵսսͿҪնˣͷۡ
ۡүŪˡīĳ·ȫû
û˵Ƕס˵ģɭɭĶסīſʼˣһҲˣһһȥϹĴ֡
ʱ򣬴ֶˣٴסһֻҵСҲһץסǲһᡣϢīŻδӦ촽Ѿ
һڣīųʹſ졣ӵͷͳ϶ĳֱ




081¡ģһ΢h

ˣȻĮ飬ȴᡣ
ɽ죬һ̬ܼ䣬´棬ûյϧ
ͷ³ϳҧ׺ݵٱĳԽī춼ڷ鷢ʹ̲סķˮ⡣
һסһֻƿ°ڣֱԽ˶ǶĿȷһ·ץסǰ
ֺܴ󣬹ǽڷָһīž;Ǳץһ£ƵۡʶľҪ㣬Ǵεİؿڽãֻļ϶ģİУۡ
ɴֲûжȥץССһīžҪˡ
ÿһ¶Ķ۵ġѹؿڱûţǰǶǷѡ
߻û޳ָ־׼ľס⡣۵С㱻ָش궯ߴߴС㱻ѸٵǴӲԽۣ͹ӲԽǣԽǣԽʹ͸Ŵ
ˣΪʲͻȻ
ﻹǵһξܵĴֱī޴Ǻ¡ݵĥתƵ˲춵ɣ;̵ʹʹүץҺۣүҪʲ᣿
ӴļѴ̧ͷüۣͦıƱĴһһϣĮĮ·µĻҲָ飺㲻˵Ҫúź᣿
ǡǡԹԵģҪرĺãŵˣΪĴ³ΪᣬΪķ
һǡڷǵıĸϸ΢ĳ˳̵β˼Ƴᣬھʲ᣿ʲ᣿ڽ㣬ġźʲġ˵˳˸ڶǶ֣˹ĽϵĿۡ
Ķûмȣ۾ûпī֪һһƬɫ͸
һһĴսܿĻڵأľᣬ۽̧𣬶һһӦǶƮ䣬ȥһ¶ȡ
īŵ屻ȥײأͷɨˤڵءѵڷīеᣬҲܲס
ޣ˵ĺͣܿ죬͸סʹ⡣




082¡ģ)

ֻСԲֽ۵ģ˷һڣȫǽָۣһ¾۵ҪǻȻͷڵϸҧټϴ˱ʵǺò˶١
īűĻ궼ˣƴȫǿѹסߵʹǰͶֱۣ۱ŤᣬˣЩ񶼵вܡ
һΪϰأ䡣Щ³ĶԴīžãⲻǽ̵ź衣
ֹסĲΪ裬Ϊеѹ
ܹĶԴһ˴ģһǰӳļΪˡȻƣĲһڣȻͬ¡
Į·Ǹ߸ϣǸ롣֪Ӻʱ𣬵ӣܴӱзְصů⣬ѰĹػϧڼҵĶүǲ۵īţãһůϧС
ǰգŲںˣ᲻ʹҲںˣķǱ˸ˣǹϤī㶼˺⡣
Ϊʲأ
ΪʲҪ
ʱʱƽյദЩεεĹģѵֻϾʱ£Ҫ͸û˾գֵİ㲻
ѾˣҪ屾ֵ
ǸԼ
ΪʲҪޣΪʲܣģյһӣĹñѣȫ͸ˡ
̵ᣬһſŵĵ˳԰׵գʹ˲ʵ˳ǰڷǵⳢ˿ɬ֪ڿޣҲԼҪ̧ͷҪȥ־ʵ̧𣬿һƬĿļָۣ́𣬾Ϳһʪ鲼
ϣϰĵأɫҰף۾ı촽Ҳҧ߶£ͷŶϸϸķ͸ִŵ鲻ϵĴӽë֪߳һ˫峺ĺǳʹ밧Ҳ֪Ƿſ˽ҧסĴһƵͲסĴ³
ǰЩʲᣬƺԼЩʲᡣȷ˵ġָ֣֮֡ź򡱡
μ¶⣬Ϊֻһ䡰֡õֻνġź᣿
ҪѵȴҲ֪᾿ڳͷڳͷԼˡ
īžһᣬʹĴݶ˿ֻƵʺһصĺһ͵Ĳٵ͵ˡ
ӽ̾Ϣĵ۾յΣҲһˮͻֹסıڣһ̣̲סʹʧ
ϵɿˣֽƺ뽫ϣûҲվȣһ˵ϡĴĴʹüݺݵĳ
΢ƿˮģһ˫·Ľѥֲˡͣͷ·Ƕַ·ãǻǵת˷ſһһ̤ȥ
ɽʱ򣬷ûʲһСӰڴƬ䣬һģᡣ
ѸʰһԵ·ץסĸ첲¡˶Ų鸡ԣʣˣͶүˣ
ǰû˵ֻǲ԰׵ת˵µۡɽ̾ҲˣΪ·ͿЩϺۼ۾ת棬;Ѫˣ𶯣ȥȡҩ
ҹīշתߡҪȴҪú˯˼ܿơ۾ķᷢɬˮӾͲͣĴӿ
ܡǻж򣬲ǻ첱Ӵ
ܣҵء벻֮ͨǰ־η¡ıɽϹҩҲˣƬ˸ӣЩѪ˿ڲ
ֻܹ˵ģǵ̿ϣʹǽжвġǴ˴ڣֻˣȴͷҲصˡ
ģίīڱС˼һֱ
ڶһ磬ڲˡɽù㣬ҪīȥүǱһˡ
ī㲣һ˫۾ӣ׵ͷɽģҲǵǡ
īųһĨǿЦĬĬϴ꣬ĬĬĴ·ĬĬҧ˿ٺһ࣬͵ͷĬĬĳˡ




083¡԰

ڲǰ·ע⵽Ů˼㱣һ㲡Щ˵Ǹ˵ģԽŲͷŵĸһЩĸ
үԺڶүĶ࣬ЩԶ߽ȥͿһɰأɽͥԺҲǹӾ£дЩȻֻĿİɫīûɵľЩɭɭ
ڲһķݣīǰߵţүīš
šɡ
ڲ£īƿţ˽ȥҲǿһŰ쳤ڼҴүһ೤ۣǰüͷ壺۾ˣ
Ͳûشˣīܲ˵۾ΪһҹֻѰ˸ƽɣŶҹҹû˯á
û˯ãббȥһۣģڸ߶ҪŻ˭
īûֹΪԸ𣬻ΪҪ߶ġ
·뵽ʲᣬ˼飺ſʲᣬ
Сζ˶٣˹ȥֽСƤСȴɪһ£ͣƤϵĴ־ͽһ
õĵȻ𣬴ͣٹĸϸ׵գǣһ˫СС裬ǰ
ͻܣԲȻīҲǾҲڡӲڼҴүϣһΣڼҴү춿ڴ˰԰סĿɺã
⻰ʵûͷûԣīش𣺡š
šᣬͰɡ
īŵɴ۾˺ðСĵĿʵү˵԰𣿡
Ȼأ
īŲˡҪʲ᣿԰סĺúõģԵ޹ʵҪҪסȥ
صƤһɣ򶨵ĵͷΪԺ䣬ﻹв١£ͽȥɡ
īһʱ˼ҲδϸԭﻹһˡϢվڲԶûչӰָʾǰһ¶忡ǡ
īſ죬һʱ֮Ǻϲˡ磿
ı仯ֱۻϸݵϹһĨζЦˣҲˣʶġȻǾʶᣬк᣿




084¡ٵСĻ

ˣ˵ΪڼµģҲǲֵġֻǡû뵽¼
ī̧ͷ飬§Цú֣кǡǲҪˡ
忡ӱδ䣬Ҳͷ˵ĦϸɵС°ͣò˾ʶˣֱưˣ
⻰˵ƮƮЦȴīûɵľ쬡ȻΪµģʱȥԸҲίɵİɣԥһīʿˮ̧ͷӡ
ӣڼҴү΢忡̧ӰĺīһЩĪ飬ԽĲڣż⹴˵أƨһһľҪվ
ϵֱһսյһϣת۾Ͷá
ӵǰŴٷŴ󣬲գǣСȥûˣʲᣬţ
˵ʲѽīһðƤˣġһ˵Ҫ԰һĪҪкţҪҪߡ˵Ƿ裬ֺƲ˵˵ֹƽա
ҵţ㻹ӣīŵĶ䣬ֱ壬۽ɨվڲԶӣ˵ڼңλӡĸ
ڸĸʲ˼īòͷɻ
ԭ㲻֪һü۵ĪİâڻתԸʱԭںѡ֮Сҵ֣Լһ©˸ѼǵŮǰһᣬץסֻ©֮㡣
˵©֮㡱ʱǵīŵ°ͣīſʼʱδףȫϯϵı˲סٿתͷǸʼĬӡ
һվͦĺֱԴ˷ţһǡû˵һ仰Ϣܵ忡üûʲ飬ӭĿ⣬촽ϸ΢һٶȽ
ԭδںѡ֮УΪ㣬ԵȥԺ䣬ȥ˽Ǹԡھڸ
īžͷЩңװҵëߣͷ˳ȴֻæҵ޴롣ǷΪһҹδ˯ù٣˱Щüۣı顣
ʱ˿̣˼ʲֻʧҲڵȴڵ˵Ҳ֪˵ЩʲᣬֻǳϣȻأأ
°ʹһִֻ֣Ŀ⣬һһİתһ˫׵۾Ũɫ󣬴¶ȣĹ⣬Ӱģһơ
ӣǻһĨȹ죬ЦЦ⸱飿᣿
ī޷ش޷˵ӲĿⶨģ·͸ǰӣг˷Ǽ仰ʣµľֻпհס
ûܾãδīžͻ԰һɽǵģȥûãɫǲ
ī鸡Ĳӣ˵ĵڴϣ·δѣӣûһ˯ɽ֪ҹãҲûȥΪЬֽٸޱתȥˡ
һ˯ѣ֦ͷȻһҹδ˯ķݣʱȫƣļɽ˶ˣ˯һˣûԣڶ
īձĶƤĵͷһᣬɽ˷˽īߣ±۾߶꣺˯ˣɫҲÿЩ
īͣ˿ӣ룬ԥڣɽϴү˵
ᣬү˵ʲˣ
˵ҪҴ԰
ɽ۾ˣү˵ģ
š
үҪȥ
ֻ֪˵յԺкܶ࣬ͽˡ˰š
ɽ˼ᣬ̧ΪīҨȻүˣͰĵǴүİţǺ¡
𣿡ǡҰ֮ᣬ죿
ɽ˸ۣ˵ʲɵ԰̵ѾߡǺûǸã˿Լú˼˼ʲ᣿
īץסŮӵ֣˵ȥүһߣϣǡҲˡ
ɵϲϡɵӡɽסīֱһ£˺ˣЩԣ˶Ҫˣ
īץҡҡͷԷ
˷ˣīɻ˴ϡշתᣬѣԲǰһԤУ˰·иģĸо֪᲻Ҫһ𰸡




085¡,Դͷ

һһīſֱ۾ˡҹˣī̲ס룬ǷҪȴʱϵĴ΢һʱߵ졣
īٿվ룬ƵģǲףŵߵſڣŵĿš
ҹɫŨһӰվ⣬īգգ۾ԵÿһЩӰԥζٹ˲ӣԵĽ˷
ƿӣڵŮװãֻδϢףڵ
ģΪáүյһ⣬᲻֪µʱȴͻȻ֮䣬̽ǹ۲죬Ҳѡ
ڼң԰ŮӾôүۣóҲǶݵһʱδŮ԰ɴү뿪԰ԭУĲһ᣿
סƣְΧүȴҪȥⷬǶӣڸҪģҲģ
ɬ֪үӺζ֪˼ЩѾҪƴסҪͷڣվǰԣֹΣǻһ̾ϢСš
ֹֻأʵĺܸܶ࣬ӣīһ죬Ҳֻ³һ䡰硱
˸ľ룬
簡ʱҩˮʱů˯һҹ̽ȴ֪˯ΪҩΪģǲ̡
Ҳܿ赤ǵһõˡīŵ۾ֿʼͣһǿһĨЦ硭졭ү˵ġ
΢΢ƺɫ˿˳ɢǰү˵ģʵȥүԣͳ˽Ǹ󡣡
īſǰһ忡ϳεˡġءҪˤ˵ʵģĵͻȻ֣ӦķԸȥ˽Ǹ󣬽;īĿڣȥҹԡԡ
Ĭ˰Σ𰸣ǡ
īʶĿǰһеʵΪʲ磬Ϊʲأ㡭ԭԭ
עǰˣü۴ŨŨʹսǸ˭Ҳδϣƫƫѡ㡣֮ᣬҲϣҪ㾭Щ֡񡭡ҲˡҵĻ˵ԵעǹµǴϿʼһδأٶСЩģҲСӵȻЦΪСϵǰˣСӾͱȥѡˣȻһ·һ·ˡǿڡѽʱԵʻΡڣʲԵʻ᣿趨ģͫ




086¡

īͷ졣
Ȼˣ͵ȻûϵĺܺáʳǲԼҵС㣬νԺȻƾɣůڡҪӣҲҪ仯ԭԸĽ䣬ϢһӣҲǺܺõġ
ĳһ죬ˡԭֻǶݵĽʱţļ°ۼ
ȥĵѯŮǽǸڸһҹˡֻʵ֮ʹֻʵıͳԼңûиʱܣݲܾȥԺһۣ赤
ԭͻȻԭйԭ
ɫȻ԰ף峺ĺīһظૣġԭԭұءΪʲᡭΪʲġ
죬лֺʲᶼûУһ۵۹⣬·ڿһİˡ̲סǰһֱ֡ȴĶ˰գǽһ㰲οǸ˻ȥ˵õλã
Сš㡭ںң
ںޣ
ںޣ
ޣΪʲ᲻ޣΪԭ룻Ϊ뿪׽ˣһ㱻ͳţԲüһ棻ΪټڼңһˣãȻ
һˡ
ڼң԰ʱһˣȥʱصˣܹ˵ĥһһε˴Բ⣬¡˿ҲȬһ죬ļ䣬壬ЩµʹҪҪȥ
ܿǰĴ֣īŵɴ۾ܾһһؿڱúܣʲᶫ֫ٺѸٵӿֽһһԼִصĴϢ
ޡȥޡһ֣ܹ˵ģʹģҲЩĺǻܸܡڣۣʱ˿ͻȻиֳԼһҹ˵Ļ
ҲǻԵҲȶ
ȶȶѵⶼ˿עīž֣ⷬЩȫĿ
īźݺݵҧסֹסĲ
Сţٶֱ֣һƣģۿҪˤҶѸǰŲת⧲Բסײӵš
ؿۣµ࣬±ѹײ۵ƺ߳
ס˻˵Σ㼱ʵˣۣ
īŴƴҡͷһӱĽơ
ۣСţ
ֻҡͷȴ˵ƴҪѳĻҲʲ֪ˡᱧˣǿ絽ߣ֮ᣬ˵Ҫ鿴
īŶһ£Ӧ֮ᣬͽľסԼ죺Ҫû£û£
ţߴסץһ˫С֣㿴һδϵĻˣһٲԥѸٽ⿪µ¿ۡ
ʵϸļӡû˴־С˵ľᡣŸǶᣬС˸ΪҵסһŶ쵰Сսˣ۾۾棬أһһֵ˵СţҲ˺㡣
īסһˢͷʧжʱˮһƬ
ŪҿǶʱŵᡣϸƤϺõĴؿͻأüöָۡЩӡ﷢ϣ΢΢𣬾ᴥĿĺָСĵһǰŮӵɪ
ǴүŪģӾĿãȻīҧҧҡͷ
һǴүǾǡСһˣֵܸᣬֻĺúõϧȻĺãȻ࿴ΪβúϧȴҪ˴
ûҩ۲̧ۣɫ۾߹ҹĻϵǡĹâһһ˹۰ʳů
뵽գǸ˵ĮǸ˶£ѹ۵ίɬ֣֣֮ǰ֣ʱҲܲס̣īšۡһ˳
꣬ͣٵ£ֽţæСȦס˱ıģİο
ؼҡҡҪؼҡīץӵ·޵ǱҪȥʲҲ˲ˣֻȥٿ࣬Ҳ֮¡
ҲҪҪ⡭硭ߡߡòãīųҭһһģ鲻
ãû˵۾ҹĻһڣᣬڱƶջأ˫۽еεĻơ
á˵




087¡ܼƻ

֮ᣬīڴ۾ҹ㱵ľһΡ
ļֱ֣С󣬻ǵһο޵ᾪ춯أںˣ۾׵ѡ
Ѿ磬ɽ֮ǰѾˣ˵Ƕү֪Ҫ԰죬ȥ鷿ˡ
ʱ˯ԺŲȥ鷿˿ͬʱְеĪʧ
ҹ˵Ҫ뿪˵ãߡ
֪Ҳ֪δ飬Ըߡ
˵뿪Ҫ׼׼ˣ˵뿪ڸҲҪҸطܻĺܿ࣬ҲʱԸԸ
ʱԥĵͷԸġ
һ㣬һԵȵġĿһ㣬ʲϵءͲʲ὿С㡣
ʵкµģһӲ죬һ׽ס죬ʶڼүҪǷ󲻳Щʲ
Ҳһˡֻǣ硣һֱһֱȻûж˵ʲᣬǿ۾þҲǻᱣġ
ܰĺܰȫڸˣ٣ҲˣλүҲˣҲ˳˳ģʱȥ赤ĸһѰط򵥰ȵĹ
īδ·ֿϣϴˣҲһ롣
תۣȥˣīŴڷ벽Ҳ롣ȥûκεϢЩҲЩʱҹﶼ˯
죬үͶүûǺæɽ˵ǽˣʵҪѡӣĻʹ֡
죬īžסˣүүæǵ£绹Ҫæ£ܸɵ飬ǲеġ
һᣬ԰һСĹߵĺ߱߿ּɽתƫƧСͣͣĵ԰Χƶ
ûܵҪ֮һ·īǳúߣֲϵ·һ˲죿ԣлΣǿװ򶨵ı߿ݱ·
ҲǶ˷ӵģȻܣͲĴ߳ȥţֻܷǽ֪԰ڸĸλãֱͨ棬Ǵ˴δ
û·ǰһƬ֣Ҷ϶У˺֦ѾΧǽϵשߡ
ī˷ˣһ̤֡ͽСèֻСƵﴩЩϸ΢졣ѵΧǽڸ֮ˣ
īŸ˷ˣѭķ򣬴ڵķɿ졣
ŲͣһŴǰǰһ¸߸ߵǽīŴΧǽ洫ϣɣ⡭ŲһˤˣūšϣڰˣΪūˣ
īһͷˮϣʲϣڸͨʹģɻиͻȻͷ𣺡ŶȤ㲻ʣүˣЩŪˮ
ΧǽһⲽǸֿʼ˵ڰϰ˵үү㰡֮ࡣ
īˣΪ̧ͷϵһ˫۾˸
ףǡСīţԲԣ




088¡ǽĻʵ

īŴסɵססˡϣϡ˼ҵĸۡǽ
ϵЦеĶ֣Сīţ
ʱīŷӦˣ԰ӣòδǵú壬ģүϡ֪Իʵ۵Ĺظģûѧֻƽ˸ݼϡ
ֻЦֹ֣ͣľںСīΪˣת뿪ǲˡҪȥ𣿻᲻ᡭ̫ðǻʵ۰˵ͷͷĻӦǲеİɡ
īԥ˼£ȹڣͷһֽ̧ϣģ֦ѾӾŲŲƨɣÿЩλáīڵľŵ˹ȥʱתͷʺãϡ
ֲСīųЦĺº͡
ûСҡҲ㡭īűʵһ㶡
ǫʲᣬչǣأޱס
ǡӵ𡭡ðɣǲǣ֮ʵ۵ĻīʵʵĵͷŶǣϡ
Ҫǻϻϵģλү£ҽСīţ͸ûҡ^硣һ˫ĺЦ
īһ㶣ϵĺë㣬ͻҲֻǼһѣûİɡһϵ֡е𣿽硱⡭
ϡt
𣿲ȻǽС硯Ҳǲ
īĬãƺڵڣֻӲͷƤԹԻ^硣
šĵͷīŵգЦĸ
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֦䣬԰۵ףһǽ֮վݰӣɫ·϶˸İŮӣ죬ɻĴ
ǹ˼ڳ¼ٽУᲵ˻ʵ۵棬еˣݰӱס첻ֻܵԭشתīžȤζĿȴԴһ䣺Сīţ
īһֵ鿪ʼתŶŶҡǿ羰
ŶӳһܵƫƧĽ䣬羰ֻһǽûʲÿ֪Сī뿴羰ǿǽ
šҡǡ
ֱ֧۵ס°ͣ۾գҲգĶ羰ǽġ㳽^أǷġСīĪǡ
īŵʼܿƵļ٣ɴ۾ӵĴս
ĪСīšҪܣѹصĴζ
īŵͷƤˣԾİθҵķϣǵĲǵģûûУ
ĨЦӣīŽŵóһĵ亹ùᣬֻꡱһЦѣСīţȤ
һҲǣҲǣ᲻ϲµĿԭīεĽ°Ͷգգۣմ԰ҲȤļҪȻؾ֪ߣãСīҪҪʹһ棿
īŵıܴɵʵ۰ѻͷתĿ죬ĪģʵǸ㲻Ҳס
^ֱ˸΢΢Ĳ˧٣ĻһЦƺڷЦůҫۣ˿˲øУʱĨЦһЩĪ
ڻʹҲˡʹأҲк¡СīԸң˵ᣬ˲㡮īšĳ㡮īĻ˵ò棿
ȻͣīŬһ룬Ļش𣺡ллϣǡǲҪˡҵĻСӲҪӡ׼ӡƻûʵʩءȥʹҲ°ͣ




089¡Ѳ

^ĿͻһϵЦҪΪʲ᲻Ҫأ
īһһۣĻش𣺡ллȥ档ҵȡģҾáīšܺãֽСīɡˡ
ŶϵЦͻȻЩӲĻشˣҲϲˣ˵һ顣
ӵıҲȥЦ춻ߵϢɢȻɵĻϣīżһ㤣ٿʱĿİͰ͵ģ˵Ĳлллϡҡȥ桭
üȻգǴˣСīŸýʲ᣿
īžɲ룬С㶵˵^硣
ԡǵͷīſһĨͻȻĴЦݣɵɵû˷Ӧ
ӵоֹʵǳԽļޡǻʵۣڻʹ˸вŻҪǽѵʵ۶ģ뵽ʲʲᣬһЦһһһէģŵСĸͨͨ
ʱ^Щתһǽ˼ҶΧסݰʺáΣյ̧ͷһüŪۡ^ҡҡͷѽͱˣû˼
ԵŮӻɵɵĶԼƣ۾һֻ´Сϸɸɾģûϰױۣ֦Ҷ͸µչһգ׵ķ·͸
̲סһһ󣬴мãۣĲֺЩ᲻÷ſ
Сī˵ȥʹᣬһΰɡᡭϴȥҲǲزסˡ˵һԾżѸٵϼ㣬תȵ˵档
īǰһٿʱƮƮƮ¡תͷ˫ۣСīţˡ
ǡҪīſĨõЦٿ˿˫̵ֽۣŲĻ
ȻǱ׾ģλȵġԼֱۣƵ̾˿Ѿͷ
īȻûǱ⻰еίʧ۾գգ̲ס͵͵Цˡ
^ĨȻЦ̣в֪ĹâһҲЦδ
վߴӣǵỹмҶǸĽ̾վһߡ
ǿӱִյⲽҪǰȴһСŮӵͷĳ֣˵ĽŲӲһͣɫҲ




090¡ͬϯ

ȷӦ˹΢΢Ļ́ͷʱϹĨǳЦϽ΢ҡ
ֵ߳ӱҡͷԱ̾ʲأⲻǹԹԵͶˡҴ󸮴ģΪŵһţû˼û˼
ϼ٣Ǹϵٹ⣬ҵкܣ֮ˡ
ԼѪȣˡһ˵̫ˡ
ཻЦ˭ûᷭǽһ£˭ҲûŮһۣƺǺڡ
ڷǲһչ䣺ѱϱƴֲ裬ϣ롣˵䣬ƫͷվ᷽Ůȥ
īű;ִٵĽүҪ뿪˵ֱǺõĲٺáͷѸٵĳǰλӸ˸Ȳ˲ӡʱȴһǸЦõͻȻץסҲֹסߵͷ
^תͷЦе˵СīŸǿ˰ɣ˰ɣָֻһīţһԼɷµĶڼֵ˵ҿ˴յķ羰ǹ͸ߣúлһлǲеġ
ڼֵɫĶӣݵĬᣬֻڼҴүݵɵվʲᣬϽлϣ
⻰Ƕ˵ģīˣʵ۱ȥԳԺȺȣ˳һͬ㡣뵽ҪӹһңͷҪˣﻹʳʣ
īʹ̧޲Ҫ䷢ģһҲҲģϣġ
üЦЦĿīŶ˶٣˿ڿˮڰļ˵^硭˵Ĳˡ
ĳڴϣ۾úõĿʲط˵ķݣϵĺǿ᣿˵Цٹ΢̲ܽܡⲻ֪Ķײ˻ϣ΢ȥúõ𷣡
īɪһ£ɫЩףȻǱŵˡ^ٿǸīͷҵǷǲϧƣɰСīŸŻˡߴζգٵ˵СС̵ıǼ⣬Сīű£ߣǡ
˵ǣһֻ΢С֣ԹԵǰ̤ȥڼֵᲽϣеɱֻһ˲ٿֻƽ޲ǫ
׼֮ػ԰ͷСͤ硣ŰֻԲʣ΢ɳɳҲһ¡
ϯڼֵӵֱһλСŮӣӽͤӣͷû̧ϸԷŮӵ½ǣȹ¶һ˫ЬͷڲĶȥ
Īı֮ǰЩѯȴƺȫǡʲʶ˵˲ʲģȴȫľܾӲ
ðɣҲ˵ǡӲϡǻʵ۰СĺҲĺܣ᲻ʲԸǽСͤ
ī۶˫ӣϱ紵ವġ
ʱҪԱߣңǧ򽩳֣ǷŹҲ·һ棬ûˣұҲûˣ۾һ̧ܿƵʱʱƮ۹۷ľǵ
֪ͷûпǿˡˣˡûܼƻò⼸ûǣҲڶװ¡˭֪죬һ̽·˻ʵۣײλѰЩסˡ
īǲ˵ģڼҵֵֻյ衣ֱ֧ббĳ°ͣɨȥһۣЦұɨȥһۣЦĸİյЦ˵ˣû˵Ǳʲ᣿ĪǸʲ֮ᷳ£
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εβڳ㣬Լﻹ㡣СīŰܵˣ
īڻԼ֣㶵̧ͷѿʵʲ᣿
^ʧЦҡͷСīʲ᣿ҵǺˡ
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㻰˾ϸ˵ǰܡڼҶүҲδ̧һţϬĻ৵Ĵ˹
δīžؿƵģ֪ҧס΢ı粵
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ڼҴүҲĲͷüҪ˵ͺúõ˵ûѧأǹҪڻǰЦ
ҡ
˺ˣʲ᣿мʱĴԲʱмҶҴҵıǰμϡүүү
ϯλԵһ㶣һᣬֻ˿󲽿̹ʰҶҡתһ
^֮ᣬЦˣʵˣ
ʵۡʵۣʵ۲ֻһģīֻץͽһ䣬ɻתͷȥһ۾ɵĿˡ
ĵ䣺ȥ˹ȴֵˣû뵽ˡ˵ת࣬˹ֱ˱ȭǲַֺò˼Ҫ֣ٵң
ڼֵͬʱڷǵμү
Цȭǳ˼ǲȫүˡ
ͷЦһ˦䣺ﲻˣүˣؾأǽͲ飡˭Ҫǲ˭ȵǶ
īһεˡˣڵ涫һëһµĴӣɫWĹ֡ɴϷǵӲĳĳֱĿ
ǵģѿһҲѿ˭״ʲ᣿
θߴ󣬼ܿһͷڷ߸ᣬ·ͬɫĴӣ¶˱Ķͷһ˫ŨãӢͦĳü
ʣڵϺõīɫŨͬʱ͸÷ë֮ŨŮӶҪԲλࡣ۾գ䣬ˮڿ㣬ֺڿ㣬ڶЦֺڶֱͦ촽͸ۣ˵һ㡣˵˾ǷΪʱҲϸ΢ལ˵ʱط·Ҳ΢⡰ǡôһ־Щˣһ־ǲ㣬ǶϣĶ飬಻ٸոպá
ǰǸīݵġŮǵģŮӣӡǡˡү
ʵܣйأ񡣡εĸɿ˼
վٿתĿ⾫׼ͶϯΨһŮӣֻһ˫ƯʯĺһУëβĻһ




091¡ĸһ̨Ϸ

īžˡΪͻȻ԰ǸϣԼӡ·ꡱʱƺΪˡ
ѸٵĵͷİʲҲ֪ϣȰãֲϸ˭ҲûĹһǻʵۣһү
ڿڿīŲϵҰοģӦòģֻһѣûӦáϲʲġ
ʱڼֵ˼ҶҪΪΣûһͣپʹǵīţ鷳ˣҿ߾ͺܺá˵°ڣīߵĿյϴ¡
^Цʵˡ÷ΪˣȥɡȻΣ۰
ͷǣ˶Ʋȱ㱻һ̵Ķڼ䣬ֻλӶīԵСīŴǻδҵĻʵܣ˳ơү겻ڳУŴӱ߽

ջûҾãλ￴е졣СϳһŨ̵Ľëգú޹ûмأ
ī˵޲ýȥûûСû
Ŷ
^ʧЦϣʲ᣿Ƥ˼ҡСīţ
īſֱЦůڵӣٿޱˣûҶʱԵַˣֲ֣ϻܳɣṬһŮ˻Ӧģҵˣλкر֮ҪĻϴ˰Ͱ͵װʥ
^ЩΣ˼ŲǳҪȾ᣿ƶˣ죿
ʰƺһﲻ˵ǻƣ֮ġ϶أϳ˱Ůˣֺرһ˵أ˵ٱͷһ
Ҳһңңһһڸ˾˻δࣺ߽طľƣ䲻㴼ȴʮĹҪ˵ŮأıȲ
᣿ζصĳԵöˣ͵ĺˣ^ȡЦڼҶүж΢΢Ц⡣
ˣСС˵ĺáλѵ˵ĲԣббԱɨһۣپٱȥ߽ƻЦ
ǣүдǣǸһ
һʱ֮䣬յ죬ｻī۹۱ǣǹģֻؾصԵӼһȡ˿ձӣЩƣƵǰȾƣ
īŴ˵ллүҲȾơ
Ŷתת飬һӲ˷ŽīǰĿǳԲˣ
īŻǴС˵ллүҡҲ
ŶӵͷתְѾƱƵīŵƤӵ£ǺȾơ
ллүҲȾơīŵԽԽᣬӴ˶١
ƫͷԵЦǾȤЦ˱Ų壬ս˵ʲ᣿㣬
ҡҲᡭȾơ
ּ̧һӲ˸ȾƾͳԲ˰
ҡ
ڼҴү˾Ʊ᲻صĺһүһ⡣ҿǾƲƫҪԷơ
īһ飬ѸٵץӣھͰķ˰˸ɾ
ڼҴүδ⣺أ᣿
īŵĶסˣ˿ӣǰľƱһڡƵںﱬյϳ嵽˱Ǽ䣬¾Ʋסĺһȡ
ССĶ쵰һţ˫տȵĺˣҲȳˮɵƱͶ˶һӡ
ǣֻˣû̧ͷһۡĮĵӣīֱᡣ
ڵź᣿ڼҴүַˡīֻöٴΰѾƱٵ˴ߡ
һµĿ^ĿϯɨһȦ΢Ҳ˿ڣˣǹǺȾƣȥʲᡣ
īתͷСǿ^ϵЦ֣Сīţ
û˵īŹ۲ǵı飬ԥķ˾Ʊ˹ȥ
ӽԱߣͷһЦҲӣһĲˣתգƿԲȣ˲ܲԡӣûûСīŻ棬ţ
īգգ۾˵ͷһξǹԹԵץ˿ӣһһ˷ˡ
ڵЦﺬľƶ˳֣ںأʲʱŮᶼ֪
ʲޣں˵˿ɲݡеĻǾ͵ÿеģҲʱۣҲĽˮȣǷںʵĵطⳤĺã֮ʱϲ
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ƺعԭλ棬΢ġһ
ԭɢ˱ʣҲ뷽跨Ҫ뿪ԭĵطԸʯ١ȴá
һϯϯͻȻİбڰǰתоƱʲʱȤջֵ˼⻨˽ŵģܲɣ
^תϵ˫ֵܣЦ԰ɫãҪ˵Ｐϡ
ڷǶ˾Ʊһɷ絭᣺Ϲˡ񾴻һ
˶ᣬбڰϵĵͷŶʲỨݰүûȤƵġ
ԸЩŵĻ˳ȻĹˡÿŰ϶˼ƣ¿˻ͷүڱ߳ǿһаã
Ǳ߰ƲƲ죺ĵҪľˣЩˡ̩񰲵ģҲûʲͷ
˵Ǹúúллʵܣ^΢΢һЦ
ˣСҿɳܲ𡣲гԱ˳ŵĶЩ·ӣ˵ңԬСӴ𲻴Ӧ
үפر߽磬ǰ֮֮ҡ
˵ļǡ˻ʵܺͽϾȥҰףҲա
֣δ۸ñӵĹǾ˲٣
ȻδʵܵƷζҲ˹Ŀ࿴
֣ʲ˼
үϵ˼ǣ¸꣬үķΣӢʤǰ
ţүҲ˼
߳ǵķɳʵܲ˺ˣƤĥĺˡ
̵ģʲ˲ˣүأ£ȾƺȾƣ

īһ̸ⷬһһ䡣ÿ˵϶Цɲ֪ǲΪƵĹϵȥÿһĨЦЩƮ죬·ʵʵСҵĻĸһˡڹɰҲҪİ




092¡Ҫ

֪ͷѾʼĽֹ춻̲סθЩѣϣʱҲˡ
ѽȥȥ^еľƱұԶ㣬ɨϵˡ
ūŲңֻǡֻǻϳ֪ūšūŵġ
ˣһ˫˵۾תתЦЩֻŶԭģ
^һ޹ϵܴˣ߳
˹֣ϣɫ΢ᱸƣʱϼٸϡ
ڸߣ
΢ҡ΢ֻǵģٺȥҪһˡ
^룬״ε̾˿˺ˣһݣ´ΰɡ
ͷɾоƣҲһͬ˻֣ٺҲǲʹ졣ãһ·ַ֣»ٺúʹһ
ڼֵվ΢񣩹ͻϣү
īż龰Ҳæ˿վԵƫͷһЦ΢գ˵Сīţˡ´γȥɺã
ӶƤգգۣشֱˣعɡǣǾͺˡ˵ͱ֣ת硣
ЦЦīһۣٶڼֵһȭҲˡ
Сͤﰲֱ뿪ӰԶȥֱ壬ǳЦ٣ѹŨصǣ˵ʲ˼
ټ٣ŻѰһỼ
ʲ˼
磬ҽɽ죿
ᡭϧ˵ľˣһǣȴֻСáټ١˵ֱܷأ
ȷʵνģš·ܰġǲҷţܷţģܰ
үү˵ʲ᣿īһʲģ˭ĸȥķɻĪ
תīźݺݵһۣ˶ˣҪʲ᣿
ī˲񣬶˶Ѹٵĵͷ
һģãʵ
ָ˭ī׵ġ
ҡ¡롭ȥߡȻ͡ˡī˵֧ģͼɻأֻڼҴүĺɣȥ߾ĳ^ˣ
īŴҧҧ촽½ǣӲͷƤš
˵Щʲ᣿
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ǰŮӣƺϸѣ˺һᣬƬıһƣߣʵ۵ã˼Լûܣ
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īű˱죬ʲʵ۵ãҲûġͻֲ죬^硱ҲǻеġҲúֺܹܲڰɻʵ۵Ļܲ
һ˫ĺҲŶ쵰СϣίԣڷĬ˰ΣĿڵµĵطѾ׼ˣһڲʰ˶Ͱȥɡ
Ϥī޶˵һ̧Ŀһۣţǡ
ĪĴīһһһϣ¶ɭɭİȥ֮ᣬøҹԹԵģҪǳʲ¡
ǡīƵӦٴηɿĵµСͷ­飬Ҳû̧




093¡µط

ڶһ磬ڲˡȻǰطȥҲڸУīʱҲֻ˸ˣɽЩ֮ϸʱī͵λүԼȴûץɽһͬߡ
źã
ڲǷʲ᲻סīԥһʵ˵ˡ
û뵽ڲشѾߴһȥǿԵģµطҪ˵ģɽҲǸʱˣδ÷
īŸ˻ˣһһллϲڲæƴǣ˵ЩǶү˼
īɽ֣۾ɽȻû˵ʲᣬǿĳﻹǸ˵ġһһСһѾߣ˰˷ţһ·߳԰
ڲǸпģ԰ӣջȴǷүķԸ뿪԰
ɽҲǸпģʱһС۵ˣ񣬻һС۵ˣȴλүͶעĿ⣬ļжõأ
īȴתԴЩỹкܶĺ档ϾطסЩʱ˵ϰأһ㣬֪µĵطʲӵأ
ڸߣ·˼ҶѾ߶ǹī񡣿ǹɴµ˼ģоȵģ۵ģбĵġ
߹Сˮɽͤ¥ڲһԺǰͣ¡ī̧ͷһ˿ľʵңһԾ֩ī
СɣΧһȦ·мֻһī֣ɾּ򵥡īϳǶү֡鷿ÿվү֣ܳ˲ġ
ڲīŶҷ㶣Ͷ˵ǰүѾԺˣԽң֣ҲǳԶү֮֡
Ŷīŵ˵ͷ͵͵Ӧ
ƿԺţһʯ̾͵С·С·ԣһƬɫĻֻһſŻ갫СֻС͵ĵһ߶䣬ǰɫ崮һ·ᶣ죬ӯӯİ㸡߷θ
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ڲʱĲһ䣺⻨Ϊ壬ҲǶүԸٸʱϵϵġ
ī彿۵Ļ꣬˵Щÿллү
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Ҳµģԭ˯ŸѾ˺Ĵ죬ͷҲµģ棬µͼ䲻֪ʲӣҲ֪ǺõġڴأƨʵʵĺܣȥĲˡ
īŻһȦϸ΢ĲһճõǴСȱû٣Ȼû֮ࡣ
ױ̨ԱиľӣڲƵ˹ȥǡī̽ͷһмޣлƣݣɳɫģѽһֻôķݡ
ү˵ˣ黭ΪС㣬үȥѼЩСʱȡ֡
īߵˣǸû˵ĺ𡭡ȴԾһޡ裬ֺϻ֬죬īתתȥꡱһЦ˳
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˲ˣīŵͷҡ˹ģҡ˱Цϲġллϲ
ڲͷµסػҪùãҲˣʲҪģСұǡ
ڲɽͿʼæµϲˮó֮ķáԺӸѾɨˣҾµģɸɾĵҲīһΧɽתʱҲǹĿ졣
緹Ǵպˣɽʹչһӵķˣǰµʽĵһ١ī߽߳ȥƨƨߵİ꣬ƨɻûأԺӾ˵һλÿ͡
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094¡ͺãһ

¹ӵ˹⻪ҲΪһſ˼䡣ī㶵Ŀùᣬ·춻񣬵ͷ˿
վſڣĺǳĵ⣬ӳһССӰҲùᣬ˽ŲԺš
īŹţԵĸͷ˽ݣɽæվʶ¡
ĬĬΪīŲ֪˵Щʲᡣ˵𡭡ﱾ˼ҵĵ̣ڸӡʡԹ𡱡ֺЩ顭֮ǰӣദȻģڣȴҲɲҲȻ֮ͻȻЩ룬ĵദΡ
ڷǰ£һʢķˣĿڣδù᣿
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ǡ
ճҪõģѾ߶̵᣿
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ڷǰԴŮӣȴͻһתӭ᣿
ǡīͻȻӦǣҡֻǡССԴ̧̧ɿĿǰһֻۣǡֻû뵽ү
ڷǴҲҪһͬģæ
հЩġ
ԣҾһˡ
īžִˣֻش𣺡Ŷšҡллллү
ڷ̧ۣĿǰã˵Ŷڹң
ﰲһ󣬽Ůӵ𣺡үûС
û᣿ڷǣŮӵ֣ǰȻûУΪβ̧ͷ
īԥһ£̧үûй㡭ҡҲҵġ
˵꣬°;ͱһֻסˣҪ˵ҡŶǰҪ˵ҡ
ʱӿһĪᣬģȴۿʼ𽥵ķɬүҡûй㡭ҡֻǡ
ֻʲ᣿
Ĵ޳ָסĴͣ޿ɱܵĶһ˫Ĺ˸ĺ
ֻǡīӣеѹ
ڷĿι̾һſתǰ˱ӵ뻳֪֪
īǰͷ͵͵˵֪үȻ֪ΪʲᣬǴı飬۾֪ʱ鲢á
˵ҺΪΪζ
īųʵҡҡͷ֪˼춼δס
źˣѾ˵¡˵㲻κ˵ѾߣҪģҲġź򡯡Ŷ᣿
īɻףݣǡź򡱣ʲأһеģҪġź򡱣Ҫأ
ʲǱ֣ġ֡ġ֡Ǻúź᣿
ҡīһͷˮˣᡭ
ڷкԻٶ̧˻һСС°ͣŶҴΣ
ΣīҲĻش𣺡үҺܺáүǺˡ
Ҵ㣬ֻΪ屾᣿Ҫ屾ֺ֣ˡҲֻǸˡңұͲǸˡ
īѾˣʲˣʲֻǸˣүǸ˰᲻أ
ƶ°͸ŮӰ۵գϸµĴУǿüһһһɢ翪·ڴ·ǿǾòˣСģֻΪǻǵ֮׵΢ů⡣
ҪʲᣬŶ֪᣿
īֱסˡĿһŽߵĿգһ˫ĺŨĺڣʱȴҫĹâ̵βҲմȾݹ⣬˪ȥҫĿ޷ֱӡ
ı飬İƶǶԼؿˡôһĸоһûɬȴ顣
Ҫʲᡭ
ʲء
Ŵ۾һƬʡƲߣֻܿǺÿüë۾ӣǰŴī㣬Ļƣļӿ졣
ͦıǼⴥıͷʱۡ
о΢Ĵģ̽һһ£Ĵ걻סĵ¡ͷ谭̽ĿڡĺϢǵأ·ʲƻӵС⣬ɬɬǴഥ
Ȧס˫͵սǰĻܾˣֻĹ㣬ƣ




095¡ͺãh

ֿīϸϸĴ
Ķͷģвȵ˵գ֮ǰʱˣЩۼģδʵ
ϷҲǵҲգ̣Ϊã᣿
īȻЩԺٻ˵㣬գ˼۾ɵ˵ǣү
ڷСεıǼ⣺ϣ뻵ˣûоԡƾԷֱ棬ĪҪţ֪𣿡
ǣү
ڷ³һ§ǰСģҪ˱еұ⧼Ĳ鵽˴δζ޹ģΨΨĵǣҪηĵ£
ʱīŵҲѵõĸӡǿĵģΪӵûĮĻǰһů̬Ҳˣ˵˺ܶ໰һЩ¡ЩģƺǱƽˡǸϤȻҲɣ֮࣬ؿЩģ·ѹʲ
үлл㡣ȥе仰̤¾֮ᣬ˵ġ
᣿
֡ЩƯҺϲ
ϲ᣿
š
ϲ᣿
ţϲġ
ϲáǰһֻ˳Сèڷϧ˫ۣǲִˣᣬѰһʱһڲú׼ס£ţ
īʹ˵ؿڴԽԽ
᣿һˣѾ˵Ҫ뿪뿪һС
ᣬûжүûڲûɽҲûڸ׼֮ʱǰӣûСᡱˡ
ˣٿЩϧĿ⣬עӣīĻǡͳͳˡ
Ϊʲ뵽ֿʼˣ
ǵģܡе᲻ãе飬еΣеᣬеƣ֮ζӳ£ӵĿԡǡѾˣѾˣ
īĬҧҧ̧ϸֱۣסӵĲӡ
һӵĶˣĺãΪǣԶġ
·ǾȣڷԵһ͡˫ƶסǲһյ֫ǰŮӵ̵βâ˸ڻ˪ĳȣֵĸӡ
ŶĴڸᣬչ㣬ţ
쵰ϣһѻĽëϸ΢Ĳһᣬīűۣ͵͵˵ǡү
ӵһһŮ˭Ҳû˵ֱһг˷İ
࡭࡭
īǱһӵļû˼̧֡
ڷҲһϸ΢̣ϵıΡ
˱ıסϸǰŮЩ롣
ī޴ץǿļ򣬺һۣһۣСС˵ҡҶˡ
ڷЦЦĿšˡ˵ͰīűԱߵĵϣתͷɽ·ȹ˳һ꣺Ҫף᣿Ҳһա
ɽֽ߽߳һᣬϾðæˣҪ£ʱȴסˡ
ɫˣī֪ɽҲǿӵģԼĹˣҲһġһ˶ɽ׼ģҪźԼү֮ãīġɽ֣ĿͶߵӡ
ڷǽյɨɽĿڣ°ɡ
ɽ֪ǲϹصģֱץýһʱҲϻ̳Ͽֵү
°ɡ
û˵ͱˡͬĻظ˵ڶ飬ɽҲˣֻī
īŵ۾ģмĿߵӣһĨЦ
ڷǵıҲδ˵ʲᣬŵľ˿ӣ˷͵ī
һ٣īſˣٿұˣЦ߳ԣǻ졣ڼҶү˼˼ĳЩʱĿⶼŮϵġɽأͲˡһκͬܲڡһһŮʱвˣʱιһڣʱŨ㿴ҿ㣬ϼƤðӵĲڡֻܽĿⶨǰķϣͷưǣҲܳԽʲζˣ˾͸Ͻ¡
ˣȥˮڷī˵ʱһĹȥȴƺûҪ뿪˼
ɽѰ˼ٶ۵īҲʼѰ˼ˣˣүȥϢ
ڼӻûڣܸˣ춣ī̲ס˵Ƿ֮ᣬڼҶүˣˣ
īæסҡͷûûУ۵ġ
ȻˣЩϢɡ
īԥһ£Ŷǡ
˵䣬ȴڵûжֻ֣޳ָգĴϣʱˡ
Ҳߡ
Ҳߣɺã
īߣҪµ˼Ļǰһ˫ĺϵָ·ȶȣյĶ쵰ѸٺһƬ
ʡɺáǸڸĵطѽòáֲ˵ġҡҪ˵á
ѻشīֻܵº͸˵ҡ⡭ү
ϵָ°̧ͣŶ
īҧӵĿ⣺ҡүġ
סԺĵһҹīĥĥϴ꣬ĥĥŪͷĥĥŲǰӣ߽Է
Ĵϣӡǳɫ£뿿ϣڿЩɽסȡġ
֮ǰϴˣľͰʱڻ㱵룬񡭡ǵһֻͬͬһŴҪ˯Ļͬ
ûкһ˯Ϊʲ뵽˯һŴϣ٣Ϸ̵ģ
ܾðɣЩסʶĥʱĥǵýġվſڣϵ˶ĿӾƵϣ֣ƿ˱ǡ
īԼˡһ£Բڵĳϵ£ƶŲȥ
ϥǸ˴أһֱֻһ͵ȥſϡ
ʼԾˣ㶵ĿǰһŷŴĿգʣȥã
ŶŶҡϴšϴϴͷϴϴɾԼ˵ʲ᣿īź޲ҧͷ
ŶϸüЦһ
īźܰԣתһתһ£СֳӺʵţԽԽ졣ãѡҷšǡǰ
ϴϸΪ᣿
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ûûû˭ǡǡʵҡ˵ǲҪ˵ˡīŴ¼򣬼ҷſϲˡ
һ˵ڷЦоŵ𶯣ī̧ǡүЦ
ǵһЦǧ⣬ѩƮߵȻȲ󣬵ȷʵЦġһ˫΢΢β̸ԣﷴϸĹ⣬ʵá
үЦÿīžͬʱW
ڷǼϵһ˫Բĺ۾ɫĴɵɵĶԼ޹¶ɫķ͸СС޹ǵſǰֿˡֹסߵЦ⣬ľᣬ˷˸
īǰһһı±Ĵ졣ѹסӸµӡ
ãõ޴롣壬ٿıǼⴥգĦĶƣľѣĴɨϸµƤһһǡ
̧͵͵˵㡣
һ塱ĳī֪ǺĲٺ졣ǰ˷ƽʱƺ̫һˡ
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ͫܺںܵͺķһЩӣһЩģģģ̲ס΢΢ķ
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ӵٶ𣬱һڻһϢǡ㡣һ˵꣬Ĵ㱻׼׽ס
ī㣬ϴԡζŵζ£о壬£ȵģֱۣؿڣƤһֱཻĴࡣ
ǵᣬдеͷ˱ƣĽҺѹȥӶᣬֽڷģš
ſ˫ϢŶ
·ҲȶȣĶ䶼ˡ뿪Ķݣٴξ֮ǰΪҼ﷢Σֻ˳Ķӭϣܡ
ȵģ̽£̽˶ǶƤؿڡеǰزӵָڹι⣬Ķ
ߣһߣֵᣬ־
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ڷ˫⣬ָĦ⣬ȵʣ᣿
īûӿ˵ڶ飬˷Ӧգ˼ɵۣʲۣ
ڷǵͷѩ׵ؿӡһǣһΣʧǡᣬŪˡ
īŴ˺һᣬ˵һ
һΡǰһβķѿǱ˸ˣпĮġ
ʱ˿̣ڣۣʱ˿̣˵仰ı֣أġ
أ
Щòȴβ־ɬҲɬīűסӵĲӣૣۡү۵ġ
סļȥҲȥ۽ǵ᣺ޡ
īסĴ࣬ٽԼ쵽Էɬ
ޣޣٽҪסޡ
ڷǱⷬòȣ̵°һ·ܼϡ
ȥ˵㣬ͬʱҲԼġ壬ûй¶£ɫȴǼ
ϧ⡣ֱͦı⣬˫Ūץһ˫С֣Ķɿɿģֱµ̲֫סĹٹֱС³͵캬סС춹

һϸ̣㻶䡣ⶥ춹мİ죬ٽźסص˱򴦵Сֱסͷ»ϸƤĺԽëҲѨĶˮҺ
ܼ٣ӲͦǵıҪ£ȴ޷
ʱ뿴ЦүĽ̬ϢĴ壬봥뱧Ҫ
Щ꣬Щ޷ͣŬˣǣÿһ綼ڽѪҺӿڹĶԣ޷
һĵѿȥ룬ȴֵߴȥӵȥռУ·ֻſ԰·ֻʵ
ָѨ˸ˮҺҲµ˶ؽʶŤ
ǿֵģ᣿ûпܣûк£˳Ľ֣᣿
ϲ᣿ĺү˫峺ĺɬĿʱ飿޾
ȷʪѾ㹻ڷǳָӲƽʱŤϸһѨ˲ʵ
ͣ͵ȴȵѨһһķɣȵϸʶ̧𣬼סصɣʼÿһ°ڶ͸һ㣬ͬʱ𽥼




096¡ͬ糿h

šŰȼһܴյīԡ
ÿһͦǽϵϸȶ಻ļн̵ˣ˳ȶͻ΢΢ķѨеⱻײǿɰСɵĽֺʶ
δƣīҲδ䣬ᱳ봲Ħȥĺûһᣬе㺹µð
ʱƺණֱ治ַ·ʵǿտգʲҲ벻ʲҲԸȥ롣
ǰīŨһŴܵסȫơֻܻסӺʪĲϸϸĽ֫ܿƵ趯˷İҺ裬Ѩ߼ٵӲ͹ζ
ͻȻᱳ˴죬Ľıϣһܲɷֵ̬ѨⱻӲ͵ĴһһţȴֻܷèƵ
šڷǵ͵͵Ǵֱ꣬۴ļСŶ
īǸճСޣֲ֪룬ΨץǰʶѵСӲ֮ǿĳԽ³ɬӭϡ
ıĶŪ׺ݣīŲĲУүү
鲢ο֪磽⣬ֻүƾȼˮĳ֡
ָѩױճĳסǿźһζССͷ­ѰһżٴС죬ڷȥβ̵ĺй̵Ҳҵĸӡ
ĶϢŶߡ
ˣʲҲûīŶ϶룬һ˫۱˱ſ滬һ͸ᡣ
ɫҹĻ£˭Ȼ˯˭շתߡ
īʱѴɫãȻתĿһƬİ
ˣﲻ԰ˣոհԺӡ
˶ֽţĺܣģƺѹʲӿʼѣ뵵ɢīתͷһϤˡ
û
ϺֱۣԼԴһɢļԡ
ǡͬ
֪Ϊʲᣬīһͷ΢΢ĺˣҲҶл㱵Ĵ˯Եˡ
ŨĽëĴſͶƬԲ״ӰֱͦƱƬԳ˼͵ĮķɫƫףȴҲ㼫ףഹµĺɫ˿һ˫üģۣҲηġ
ī̲סҹѵһЦ˫۾ȵĹ⣬űصĴϢŶԴµֱı·ڱʲ᲻ʧȥĶ
¶ƤīŵˣɬıĵĴԼϡ
ʲʱϵأǵˡ־ˡ
ЩҵĽʴǵĿУϻʪ塣ʱһ̲ˮתһûˡ
ѽĶ֪ɽû뵽īѸٵ¡ҪҪˣǡǡءûˡ
ΪûأԾᣬһƵͻ𣺡ʲ᣿
īתͷֻһ˫۾Ȼ˿ɫͫ糣ȴ˿˯⡣
ī㶵ĿѿڶүʱԼƵÿԣϵĺμ¿ڿˮٻү
ϵ͸죬ߴӣ¶СŮ˵Ľ̬ڷǾؿһ飬ƶֱ§˻ˣʲ᣿
īűתӣССĴӳؿڣûСûʲᡭµȺʵܸоƤī޴룬ҧҧļ˾䣺үˡ
š˯ĲҲ˯򡣡ڷǲ˲仳һСԴǹĶͷӡһǡ
ʲ˼ѽīȻһ֪⣬仰СĸοʼֵŶŶǡ
أʲʱѵģһС壬ڷǾů㣬һؿڹĶɢǵľͿҪ
ҡҲǸѵġ
᣿۲ۣҪҪ˯Ƭ̣
ī仰ıƤȻеŲסˡִٵ䶯£䶯£쵰С̧ʯú۾ߵһһͷǰƵ˵۵ġ
΢𶯣ī֪ЦˡЦʲţЦ
ӵڷߵЦ⽥ֹǴĺɫŶȥĶȥˡᣬ㲻ίĴţ
ī΢΢һΣСֻǿ͵͵˵á




097¡

ڼҶүˣٲãɻׯӵȥѲкһ˲ȥ
һԣڼҶүջ˴֮ᣬīŶ˶۵ӣļʤľͰůƢˮʱɽˣһ˳˻𣬲ϴϴɡ
īźܲĺ´ʱ˫Ⱥܲһɽסٴθ˼һ·ƵеϴԡС䣬īźľͰѷµˮɽٳȥˮϣСƮˮ̡
ī̾˿ķ˲ࡣɽˮΪϴĬһͻȻڣûҩ
īſͰأۣҩʲҩ
ɽͣ˲ϴĶȵҩ
īͷʲȵҩ
ɽҲͷ㲻֪
īãҡͷ˴۵Сãɽָ򶨣ī˰ˮڸĵĹءǰ԰С㣬үүҹ֮ᣬڶ϶ҪҩרŸŮӺȵҩˣ
īһ֪룬ƶǶ˵ŶǶүû˵ʲҩ
үߵʱû᣿
īŬĻ룬϶ҡͷûС
֮ǰأȹҩ᣿
֮ǰʲ֮ǰ
֮ǰʹүүһʱ򰡡
ɽ˸ۣʵ̹ī˼סСһ졣ɽۣߴٵʲ᣿˵
īٴƬ̣Сش𣺡šǺȹһεġ
ȹһΣ
šÿ࣬Ѻȵġ˵ࡱīʶӡ
ɽ˼ĵһ˫۾īűɵĪɻʵ
뵽ǰ˿ˮ룬ɽһ˳ûСûʲᡣүүʲ뷨ʲĴ㣬һѾܲµ͸ġ
īŰŰɵĵԴŶһԹֱۣԵ˼ΪϴһᣬͻȻʲᣬ̲סĿɽ
᣿
ǸǸӡʶ𣿡
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ǡǰǡǴ·ģӡ
Ŷᡭ
ǰǰɽ֪𣿡
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Ŷ
ɽͣ˶طʵ
īŰҡͷûûУֻǡֻʵġ

ᡭ
šԼҵʱ򡭡ġīĺܣͷԽԽͣҲԽԽС
Լң
šͽһġ
Ŷᡣ
īžãɽϬķ·ܶһС±˵ѣֱӣҲˡ볢̽̽Σ£Ҳ졣ļƻ˵˳ŻɽġȻֱɽ֪ˣӦҲȥҷɽܺõģǣҪ
īˬɻشϡϢĲãҪ˯һᣬȴߡ
۾һգ͸ֳү˼˼磬֪ΪʲᣬǾЩ˵治ס֪ǣһһ˵ЩʵӰ쵽ˡ
ı飬ǴϧĻůʵţ벻ᡣ˵ζΣСڡ
ǵģҡˡһ֮ѹ֣ڼƻ룬ᾪ𣿻ʧ
ЩˡദĵΣʱӿæ£ΪԺӣĵգǼġ˵ҪźѾߣ˵ϴʧǣ᲻ˡҪߣᣬί
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īҡҡԴס¡ɣһеȼ硭˵ɡ
˯չȥˡù˷תҹĻߴҹīסԺĵڶҹҹĹ˺üˣ춳ˡ
˳ڷīЩţѹĵͺ磿
ǰһ£˸ͷ˵Сţˡ
īץӵ䣬ͷһ˵Ұȥ˲԰Ҳˡ
ˣүķԸҪҰԺӵ¡ǺСգǳ֪Щǵȼˡ
Ĳģҵȵõģīż忡üڲס㲣ĵʣ磬۵ӣ⼸㻹𣿡
Щæ¡أСţòã
Һܺõġֻǣ鲻á䣬īҧû˵ڡ
ֹӣĬһᣬСţ˵үƣҲϯϣ
ţǡ
˵үѼˣ
šգҼϣȻҹȥҲ߲ˡ
˼ո˰СĽղųҹλȻ̬죬Ȼйǡʵۺүʡ͵ĵƣǰڴʲ⣬Ŀǰ֪֪ǵһһбĿģµģǰŮӱ
ǰ׼Ҳ׼Ĳˡ£Ѿݲ˼ࡣᶨ뿪Ǳ룬Ҫ졣
뵽סݵļ򣺡СţҲͣãúգүүù֮ᶼڸС֮ᣬһұ㡣
磿ӣ𣿣
ǡôʲϸֻҪȥ׼ˡ
ɡǡ
СţҪСġҡҴҵīŶͷӡһǣѸٵȥˡ
ī˺һᣬһſ˵죬˺ᣬﻹӰӡ
ץһû뷨˵ˡأ




098¡ץ

죬īŶԼֱĥܽǣˣ˯ˣɽʱװƽɽǰһڷת
̫һһգ۵ĹˡԽԽǣԽԽҪˣ졭أ
û˵ԥ˵еܡ
ûлῪڡ
īػأһ롣ʱѿڶġߡǷǳ嶯أʵûϸ˼ǹѴУңԥ
磬ù˷īžҪСƬ̡ɽʰȥԼݣīڵվվ£ָŽһַĿС
ʵǽŵҪȵ˴Ӵⷭʱʡһվ磡
ɵأһȦڣѹ˵Сţһ᣿ǸѾأ
棬˵Ҫ˯һᣬġԣڲ˵ʱī˦˦Դ磬ʵҡ
ӿḷ߽̌˼ʵˣ
ˡˡҪ˵źã
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īŵĿԽǰĸߴӣͶᡣһ˫Ϥģɴʱ˫ۣͬĹסĲһ⣬ĲѹֵϢϣɢĵһ˫˵
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죬ˣȥĽŲεأصǰܡ




099¡

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Ҫ췣ʲķصķ
ۿĨɫӰʧᣬīžֵѿڵ磡
˲ǰ˼ǰһһصī⧲ȥһߣˤڵء
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ˣ᲻ˣƹ·ʱ磬ǰŮɵĴǲ
ĵطģ̵ķǡǰվߴӣĵĿͬʱϡīʶֻʣһˡʣһԮǰˣڵأһһ
һ᣿߲ˣǲǺʧ
˵Žǽеĺ᣿ڱưˣ
īɪһ£Ȼסʲ˼ֱⲢһõĴʻ㡣
˵᣿ǵҪЩֶΣŻԹԿ᣿
˱壬īſľݺݵһһźţǰףīž̵תͷĿһӣүǡǵġ
ǣļһīŵĻȭԱߵԲȥƵ𣬽Բ壬ƬץУ㻹˵ǡ
ǿʱī죬Ӻ䷢Ƶʡסˣֱ˴壬޿ˣ޴ӡ
ԭǹʵ˵ûҵСˣǰһηηβӣı˽ʵ۶֪ˣ˭˭֪㰵﾿˶ټ˵£ֵΪЦڼΪЦǲǣ
ǵġǵġīƴҡͷûСûСûиκˣûʲ˵¡˵Ҫ뿪ڸǡ˵¡Ѿˣԥ²˾ģʼɸɴ࣬ӿ
صĴϢɫ۵ȾȺ죬һ˿ԼʹѸڼң᣿Щ˳װ᣿ߣһ̶ܲܣ
ģǱʲιһ£ϸ΢ıƣܵĴؿڷϡҪϣȴ޷ڡҪ˵ȴֻܷصĵ
ŮֻǿĿޣΪĬϣ߷һȦԲʣ۽ǳ鶯ͺǾö᣿м᣿ǶأŨ⣿ֻҪ˫˫ܣ
ƹƹңľмīŻԴھֵļСССһţͷ­˫ϥͬɸ
׺ݵĶīţѴ˷֮ɫʱǸӽ֮һֱδڣһĻĻԹ۵ӣ˶
ȵһһīǰվӸµĸΣٻĶ
֣һֵʪͻȻĴС˱ŵһû˿ĨС°ͣᶨס
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ڷǿۿΣһ·£մʪ˶ǳɫ촽ûȥãĿϣס˫ɺһģ棬ͦü΢΢𣬷·ڿһԻţŶҪߣ
ʣǿ϶ᣬ̾ϢûûзŭŶīᣬǧ޴ֻҡһͷҡһͷ
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ڷǵĿתС࣬һӡɫɫͻأۡؿڴƺиֲܵۻǷŭֻƭʹٿս֣һһֵʣЩǻѻ
īżһ°ͱץĺۣǰޱ飬̹ǵĺ⾭ִۣݵͣһġ
ҡǵġīź˵˵ǵãģҲǵáЩ˵ģûüǾͳˡڣʵ棬
Ǹ㣬Ǹҵ۾ڷ˵·ƵᣬµȴԽԽ
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ڵ᣿
ҪߣҪߣⶼĴҪܷܲģīŬһ˫޵ĺ׵ۣڿҪӦ÷İ޹صġֻӶãǻǣ˵ɣŶѹ᣿
ʲʲ᣿īŴס塱һը
ϵĻøˣᾪȣ
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ȻˣҪŶ᣿ڷǼСһŵľ֣ǳεҡҡͷ
ߣԼأѪҺ¶ȵ֫ٺñѡףʲҲףһ޹Ҫɥġİ
īŲ֪˫һƣһ¾˿һµųȥȻûϵⷬѸٷӦͬʱȥץīſײײľͱ˷
ܣܣܣīûпµ·Ҳ֪Ҫȥ
硭硭Եģ㲻ġ
Ϻۣ°ͺۣͷҲۣĿİսһ·֪ˤ˶ӣ˵ڵĥƤüͷҲûһ£ƴܡ
ͷˣ·ˤˣϥǴѪܲˣļ١
硭
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īתһ䣬ûǰˣսűʵʵײȥ
ݵһֱֻۼʱءīðǼٵĴϢɫ׵ˣǿ̧ͷֻһģ
ȡƴ˵䣬˹ȥҵĻСϢһɡһ̫̼ܲס




100¡Ӣ۾һ

죬徫Ķ棬һСŮӡۣһ˫ҶüĳССĶ쵰׵ý͸һƵĽëʱʱĲ
ƺ˯Ҳʲµξ
·Ǿһҵ˳Ľë춻īʧһ˫ڶۣĻɢȥٿһ
İİ裬İķ䡣ԶиѾߴŮ˶תԴȵգ˼ۣ͵ͷѸְĳȥˡ
ʲ£
ӿʼ۶۵תǵķƿ˶үȻһֱܰܰûзĿģȻᡭײһˡǸ˭ûп塣ȻᡭǰͻȻһƬ
ιȥ
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ε֮ǰֻûͷӬƵڸײ׽סֳ︡Ƶŭʣ㤵Ц
үүʱ򣬲˲ܵ˳ȥǽӵİȻأҪ֮
˿⣬ӽŵװƵϣʱűƿֻһǰһĿżһһǰīѥľ»ƣӲģģ̧ͷ
һ߸Ļعԭλ³һĪү
˫۽еĻؿڣһŮӶյľɫգһĻWôĿˣ
£īŴɵɵĿվڴߵӣһʱû˷Ӧ
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Դ꣬ٿԼָڳΪĵѯ̬īŵŴֺϣ˿ڿˮٻҡҡͷ
ϻбڴߣһûˣﵹһ컯գǬǻػ˾˲˵׷㣿
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һͨɱģīͷƤ飺ûСүġ
ҲǰѲǱΪ潣ӲϹӡӹµµһת˭Ҫǿ㣿ҶСˣԲԣڸϣǲܵġǾˣֵ˭һȣ
ʲʲ᣿īͷתʲʲȣ
ӣϴ϶ĸһȣǡУ
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ţīԻ
ӷװɡ񣺡һŮ̶򣬶
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īһᣬѭӵĿʶʲᣬɿס˰




101¡Ӣ۾

ƲƲ죬ⲻǴ˵ᡣ
ʲᣬҲˣ˭㣿
ī飺ûСû˭
û˭³Լ棿˴ҪӱĻȥܲˣ
ȥ˫ӻ̫ˡīſ
ˡϽŮӵı龡۵ףֵܴ㡣
īûпֻ΢΢ɪһ¡
ζһüǶ㶯֣ΪʲҪ㶯֣
īҧһС˵ǵģǡûС
˴ǻʲˣŰˣ
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ǲΪ㲻ҪЩ£㲻ϣ
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̵İֵ°˵ӿζˣ˫Ϸ鰡ǲز¶ᡭ

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Դһ󣺡Ǳͷ᣿ȥñǼŰ
īźΣүûŰҡүҺܺõġ
ŶүܺãǾǴүˣ
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үҡ
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ﻥү˼Ҫ𣿿ǣ֪ʲᡭԸүǻϵĵܵܣȫ»үǵڶˣүԸǡ硭
īһӼˣ촽ʼˣһ˫峺ĺˮĿǰӣڴǸм
үż氡һ˵ŮһҲûƽϣιȥظչˡүǸˣƯĵҲá
ʱ˿̣īȴ֮ǰүֵֹģһɶ·ޱȣĵֱƮɡ
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ţڳһְֻѴǰͷ̬ǧĲᣬͷɽ̾Ҵ̫ˣȻƵĹˡ£ѲⰡ·ҡҡͷżȥ
īзٰζһУ壬ϲվڴߣþöز




102¡һΣһ

İĵطİķ䣬һī˼ңүۡշתߡ
òԺ˯һμƵЦצһμǸ忡ĺӻѪڵϣССšһ˻Ľкξлصȥ޿־ްԹľ֮ʱ亹
īžˡߵļϸСˮˣʪʪˮƤҲࡣ
ȡһ߷ϣīԥ˰ᣬǴ˷˳ȥϵĿ£̫δȫ¶оʹ˵ĺ⣬īŴ˸СսĿĵ߳һ·Ųͣ
үδҲ֪óȻߣƺǲ׵ġ
ǻȥɣȥүīתȴããȻķ֣Щʶȥ·
㶵վԭأǰҲǣҲǣиѾߴŮӾһͣ½Ų˸ˣ
ššҡīžִٵӦڵĵͷ
үձһŮӣ˶֪Ѿ߼īһֹӣȻʱүǲڷġ
Ŷлллл㡣īӵĵлһѾ˲ӡ
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īջߣǰߣ̤˼ǰȻʡֻǰһյأһ˳վıֱԶԶǰһżСһɫװϰ·䣬ϵƺǻȻ
һվֱ۴ļ𣬾µĲרע۾΢΢ֱƶ˹
磬ϢĴīʶס˺ಡһϴļʸһֱߣīתԴ۾ֻۡһԶһżУеһϸ΢Ļζ
ӷ˳תͷСӣȥѼˡ
ī㶣ף֪ˡүīһɻһСܵ˼ǰһֻУвļһ
ʸں룬͸˴룬ץסһ˿ī˫ϣס˼Ρʹ˳̵ľĶץˣòװ˳ī˺üһƨˤڵϡ




103¡һΣ

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īһһ㶣֪شֻʵ˵ҡЩ˯Ҫȥģ·ˡȻҺ˸Ѿߣġ
ŶЩۣˣ˯ҸĴ᣿ƫͷīţǺЦ
ī뵽ҹجΣ򴽣ûӲɫĽı۵ףӹС֧ʸٶգգۣﻹ˵ˣϵ粻ϵɣˣҽɺã˵ҲīŻشһѽǰ
ǹַɣպáץһ˫С֣һֻһֻҡָС֣ǿ˫ȵļ𣬽Ůӹ˻С
īΰСͷżؿڡ˱Ȧӻֱϸоȵ£о᷽ŴٵĺŵӵϢյģİġ
ĿСֿʼүȵȡҲ
꣬ע⣬ӵĺġ
Ļû˵꣬ͱӴˣյĸѹõͣ촽޵ĲĶīʶһ
ȣֿסĴּЩһֻӼѿֱ⣬һ·£ʡ
īžִٵҲ޷Ҳδ룬˦֣һһ䣬ֱ˳ȥɿֻӿۿյǰ̧ͷʱЦЦīЩˣүĽ㲻ǲ֪ô
ӶΣͻȻꡱЦ˳Ӧݣ䣬ܲ
īһһ˵Ҳ֪õлûǫãֻܺţûʵá
ãӹǻֵظ͹Ť·춱ﲻסͷһЦīŲЦʲᣬɵɵĿεվЦˣӶʴµķ˿ȤȤһģСð
ʲīȻǲף̲סĺһ졣͵͵̧ۿȥӾµΪչǶĿҫ֪̫ۡɫĹâһƬƣӡһ˫ʣǽĹͭɫ£ϲĵ㺹Ҳڵķ⡣
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뵽īŷ˿ӣһһۣڣүʱˣҸûȥˡ
һ࣬תץ˸ͷڳ᣿ʲ᲻ˣ
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ҧһͷ˵˵ʲ᣿
īΣү˵˵ҵġ
һ޹᣿˵ģ
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Ӽڽͷ˸ɾѾʱ˽ӹ˹Ĳ˲֣˺ˣⴹͷɥӡ˵һ˦ӳ°ͣĿīţڻ硣
īԹͬ˵ʲ᲻϶˯þҪˡ
תת飬ŨܵĳһƣЦĽƻɣڳȥһȦȹˣ˳·ȥɺã
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ǡ
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īŴģٻģ˵ͷ
šŵֱŵƫͷѾŵķԸĲ




104¡һΣ

ү֮ᣬīɼ֮šүûдֻ̣īŽ飬Ȼ߳˸ۡ˽ֵ
īűĲ鲻Ըģһ·Ŀ𽥱ΧľɫסʼתԴĴ
ͨմ඼͵ġ˵ɫȷˣԳĵĽֵַǷ·С̯ԵģСնģ֬ˮ۵ģӦоС
̯ǰѡ߲ˣߺΧʳ֬ˮ۵еĳζīСᰡģֻճĹп档
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ǰһָ̯īһ۾Ϳ˺üֻСһޡ߹ȥǸз紵ϲļֻ糵תɫɷǺÿ
վߣĿƲһޣСģȤ
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ֺʵȣīŵСʱǹµɽ髣Wˣ͵͵ĵ˾䡰ǡԹԵδǣû




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ѣ֪ͨδʯ߹һһīЩˣŲҲӸо㿪ʣˣ
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ڳԷأι

Ůӡԡ粻ģĽ֭Ұ⣬⣺һǻ˴ǮģǶЩҪǳԲҲûϵǰ׻Ʊᣬҿһү
īŵĶһͣٶʱͷֱתմӣƤĳһ飬ŽǰСרעĿС
Ȼû´Ǻ«᲻ˣο⼦Ѽ⡣ϵЦЦ䣬˿⣬Žī




106¡˭˭һ

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һָҪ²Ҫ£ζܲϰߡأġҵģҪСںȰһҪһںֱ꣬ӵ˶ͷʲζҲˡ
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īۿٶ˾̳ȻᣬǰĿձٶˣһᣬƴҡͷҡͷҡͷ




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ī죬δȥ۾һգһ᣺үҲҪˡ
治ȣҲˡȻĵͷԼһˣ촽һ򣬾µüЩǳûҺȾƣҿܻ鲻ã鲻˻죿ֻܻظ˯
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īɵˡʶ·أʶ·Ҳܾȥİү֮ǰ˵˻ˣǡأأ
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һ¶ǣīʱϼӣﰵЦֵͣһޱޣټ㾫ٱƨȫ
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ܺȳζᣬ˵վһ䣬˫һһŮµתȵСȥ




108¡ܷˣһ

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ףǻڿᣬˣסˣϸոȷɫûüʢͱ΢м졣




109¡ܷˣ)΢h

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˳µȥīŵ㡣
ϵŮӱ˸⣬˳΢΢ķֿ۾ϡëͣһһᣬټ仺ƶ
ɫ۵ĺܡʱ߹ŤŤǸϸϸĽУ䣬Ů㣬䡣
˱Ӹϣڴ˺һᣬȻվЬӣ˴
ѹīϣЦЦͲ˰ɣ
šīӵˮɣСءء
ܲˣϸ
һ׳ѹΣζǲܡīžصĲУؿҲƵĲУʼ䶯ҪҡҴˡ
üͦıǼ˲ǹ̵գҪҪҰ㣿˵ѹ촽ڼձɨ࣡һڣٶ׼Ƭ̺ĴֱӸȥ
촽Сģҧҧδͣͷ˴ķ϶̣˲С࣬Ҳģ̲ססĦٽסϵԼֳԡ
Ƶһɵζԭζģû뵽ζǲ
СڼٵĴĴ˾˳ȥǵʮĴҧ˿ڣ˳ϸµƤƶС˵ľѡ
ƤȣϺ㣬ƿ˱ǣڳظ˼£ֱץסһŸ⡣
īŵ͵͵ӵЦ
ȻССݣȥҪϰͷ굽棬˫͹һͺ˽ȥ
ŰīźȵĶ࣬ӲںδҲ׾Щʲᡣֻ֪ȣؿںеһǻʪϵ¶øߣƺ磽һЩȣ
ⱻ˱ĿУİʶıסǰһͷ­ͦĽ
ϴӱͷָС͹һУӣֵû¹ᡣ
ѽīͷ˵飬ֵֻܲŤҪšѹ
Ϸסϸľӣͷȥֿʱδǣ𼱣Ͳˡ˵˱Ұ⡣
īű㶺ŪӣǰûˡⱻŪʱʱٱҧϼ£֮ӣķߺͣصĴϢ
ϲͣһץ⣬һ¸ס˽۵ġָһ̽˵ʪָתѨ⣬һ룬Դܾ
ĵ̾һָһȥͱסоѨڿٵ䶯ȣǹʵɵĽȥܽˡ




110¡ƭ

˵ָڻѨֳִ˼£С˼ϸĽͣͲˣһᣬ仺˳ȥ
עǰһСãŨǳ
᣿ȻģµСŮһ˿ңĶӦʵеøèƵġǸʵʵˣ޶ԣ񲻹գ
һעһȱδ֪꣬ŮˡΪ
лŮ׳䲻ԣȴܡԸ˵£Ϊβ߽ͳеļԺáүСţƾܲҲ˳ƶΪԣȥӲմһƬҶ
ĵߡڴϣģܻӭʱҲЩȤ޿ľ˵θڣǶ˵ֱӴˡүʲǿѹŮĲɻ֮Σǲмġ
µŮˣûп˵ӣӭϵİɣˣȻ־ѡһŮ֣ûҲķ
ӣϵ˹ʵʵҧҧǰһźͨͨСͷƵȶ˾ƣԣȷŹˡ
īԵɵɵһ˫ʪĺȻֵֹģٵĴϢδƽ΢΢죬ǰһžգãȻɻ󣬲⡣
ϡһƫͷīźһᣬͻȻݺݵȥͷȥĽסǸСͷڳݼҪҧҧĥ
šīģӷſס죬ĺвȣ׼ٽС
īٴãȻֻܻգգ۾
ҪῴңῴңҾͳ㡣΢΢ۣëŨУȻȻɡ
ԣˣīŶʱŵˡŸնһ£ǰһڣһ˵ãҲˣ˯
ƤסˣڲڵĸоȡãīŵȷˡʲҲѣĵϮȻڣϾ˼Ϊʶ𽥵ԶȥһᣬҲƽīž˯˹ȥ
֣һ˫صİȣСϵĺ滹δ͸ۡ
δʱǺ档ʱ˺֮⻹ľȡ񣬳˺澪ȣƺЩġ
գȴֲǸաϲŭ֣ڣһ峺׵ˮһ۾׿͸һ̣Ǿѿ㹻һ̣ˮζȴָ˸⡣Կ϶ǣǸɫòͨĸͨЩûйչ䣬֪ʣĵĸӡ
С᣿
ϴ˴С
ദȥ᲻ʲᾪϲأ
µۻгһ䣬ϳǣζЦ
֦ͷֱ¶ףȥΡ
콥īűƵĸɿʱƵûתѡ
ͷֽۣʹļǿڴתͷһİİ裬İķ䣬İİ
ˣֻǵүȥ˸طĶȻᡭȻүȾơ
ʲҲǵˣ񡭡˯ˡﲻǸʲ¥ү
ˣǵóԷʱ춼ûأ˯ˣɵòУÿʣˮ
īԺʱ򣬷š֨ѽĿˣŲڷī̧ͷһһ¼䱻һˮȫһ
Ҳǲʱˡڴǰ֮ͣ¡
үīžֵүǡ
ƺǿ˼˹ٿڣڼңҵķ䡣Ϊ
ᡭǻڸˣүͻģ˯ˣүͰͻˣǡү˵Ҫġᡭᡭ
īžһкܴĲһү˵ҪүһҹţԷӲͷƤ˾ơ˯֪޾ʱǸүͰ˻ȥͲӰīͻȻʶƭˡ
үƭΪʲᡭΪʲҪƭأ
ԭȼϣһ˿գҪ£Ҫ˵ȥ磬ѱˡ
ǲǺܿʣѹᣬڿҲޱ飬ȴû©ǰϵİ顣
ī˵ǱڼҴүĺ˺ߣᣬųڸһգͲʶˣҵĻҼҿСιǻġڼҪص




111¡ŭ

ʶܡͿΪجδѣҪɢˡ
󡭡үīŵȻᣬ氵Ŀ־壬Զš
ڼҵˣ˽Ӳɣתȥүһҹ飬ͻڸǸҳ
īŵͷɫ԰ס
ӣСˡлʵֹۣүˣǣ۵ǽ˲˪żһѣ޽˼Ҹˡǣ˶ٹվĥЩ᣿ĥṴˣĥǰͨ
֮ǰүİ֮ᣬүɲ졣ڸε˭뵽үүĻ˵ײϣȶѡʲṴʲ¹ʲᰵͨīֱ⻰̶뷴ϧҡ
ʲ⸱飿˵᣿㵹Ǻװ֮ǰ޿䵣ɣת֣ҿѵĺܣңĺܣԼ˭Ҫˣ
滹侲Գ֣ؿʵһ棬ľͿҪըˡ˳˳ȥһʱûϵ㷴ӦʱȴҲδסֻҲƵ·ѰǱѰŭ˷˸ÿһ磬ÿһ䣬ڵҹǲӰһˣͲˣһŮӣ޸ܶݵ˲ɣ
һҹδߣŭǡˣܾƾûˣȻڸᣬڸˡ
֪ȻĿǰǷƽ˾֮£ڻ񡣰ӸߣΣധ⣬һȥ۾
ϳʱλ֮˵ľͶ㣬˳ɳˣѰҡ
ǱϢ˵үڼУûӣֻ˸Ůӡҹ¥Ǳ˸ţ˵үˣһŮӽ飬һþƺòˡ
þƺòˣǻܡ
ȻˣӦþͲʲˣһҲҵķһš
ԭүһ޲ʱ˹ȥѲСץݺݵĽѵܣֻڷػӣÿһ󣬾ҹ¥˱Ϣ
ǱߣǺóԺúȣߣǽĿԡʱţ̲ס룺үģǸСӰظĿǺΣɵӾɵӣżһ棬ͲģԹԸ˼ȥˣ˵үģүĸ䣿Сӽ˯֮ǰûлǰ£̸ļ䣿ˣǳԵĲ˰ɣйŮദһң˵Щʲ᣿Щʲ᣿
СӲʲʡ͵ĵƣĲвŮҲǹŵĺܣ˭֪˵ЩʲᣬЩʲᣬǡ
ãҲáԵͷܵѵͳ˼ԡ޴룬ӦԲˣ˾ţ´λҲӣ´λҲҾˡ
ֻϧī޴еģžûˡˣߵſڣƿϵҧгݡ
Ů˲˯㣬ƼһŶ쵰СĸƨƵģһռŨصľζ
ãܺáǳԱ㣬Ĳʡ£ˡ޵ǰӻҪġ
һĨЦݵлүˣһС˱˳磬һ·Լס߿˷ţѻһסСС˶Ҳûѣֻ˳һץס˴˲䣬ﻹҰ˼£˼
㷴أת߳˳ˤš
һ䷿ϴԡڴϣԽԽƣԽԽʲ᣿뿪ڸһգ͸˵ԣ˵Ҫٱˣ
ŭߵֱ˹ȥȻˣǼ˹ηηŵҲ˵ˡ
Ϊ˭ү᣿Ϊ᣿үΪӴ˾޿ˣ˯үĴΪүˣ
ӣȥڼϡãүǼãǲǺ޲ʱҲҪԶҪ
ߣȥɡ
ɭȻڵһӣ㶼ڼҵˡ㻹ȥӲġ
ϵ˴˵ȥһۣ伥֮£㵹˵žͷţת۾ͽ˸ɾо仰˵ĺãɵĲȥµĲѰ¿ɽǲǺܿģܵ⣿




112¡ʯ

ʲῪĵ⣬īҲδ֪ϣգţ£ǣˣûа취ֻܿԼ
˼ڴƿ˱ӣɿ˴
ͨһֱֱǰүҴˡҵ⡭ҡ˵Ҫӵġ޹صġ
Ŷ㻹ں᣿㻹ںǻƵĿڣƺǲǳ
īɪһ£ҡҲġιȥˣѵʱүˡүҲˡү㡭㲻Ҫ硭
ңΪңӵı粻ӸµĶסǰһС˵⣿ڸ˽ᣬҴˣʲ紾ӣʲƫƧСҴˣӣ뿪ڼңһУȫ᣿
ǣǵģīŻֽţ϶˱ûбң˵ҪߵģҪߵģ
ⷬ˵ļУģⷬʵҲؼŭ𡰲䡱Ĵܵߣܺã˵ҪߣҪߡҪҷŹΪ᣿
īŶ˵һͷСʹ˫ϣһİүҷҪͷҰɣұߵģϡҾû취ԾʹӦˣүҪͷҰɣ
ܺúܺãΪϧ¹ͷΪȫ󷣡һƬް絣ĵԼ˵ǿһ˿ݣ͵˰ɡ
ʲ᣿īŻһ˺һᣬƴĿͷүҴ㷣ҰᷣҶŹˣ
һīŵ죬ֹסǷͷ˻˵ĲףŹѰ˫˫ܣ
쵰С׵ûѪɫһ˫úôôƬǳɫĴ¸ͣ㡭㡭ԡ粻ġҡҺ硭ҵĴҵĴ
սĿһǳŭЦȻҪ׼գҾ㿴ס
ãƣڸСϣˡ
ǰ棬ȣߴΣӢüۣϢɢȴЦЦ˵Ĺ츴ӡŮӣɢңɫĵӣ۾Ĺ죬·ǽУַ·ڿܺ¡ļҶѾ߼һĻѸٵõһߣֻͷ˭ҲҶһۡ
īŽŲ鸡ĸ棬֪Ҫȥ˵ȥȥ롣ǰӣƹһƬһƬ֣תһһ䡣ֱǰû·֮ͣ
ߵһߣתתڲݴеһʯ״ûһᣬߴϸ΢ĶǰͻȻһ顣
ͷҲδأȥīźԥĸϣ߽˲֪ԭ·
ʯͷɵĽݣһһģڶģչֻսЩվ棬ݾӵöҲҪͨδ
ī¼ȫ˺ڰͷʪʯڣǰСŲںڰ죬Ŀһһֱ¸о˲ͬĴУʯ̤꣬ƽء
ڰһӿ˲ӣǰһսǡվɨһ۾ͼǰһβֲָߵʯ϶ȼѡȴ˵ɭ۵ãߵʯľͷ
īŲ֪㲻һ䷿滹ʯڣֻǱϳ˻֮⻹֣δĶʯڵǰʯдִֵһȦһȦĲͷ
ǵ£ʪЩơǼŵһɹֵֹζеòͨùζеζ֮⣬滹һ˵ζһţؿھӿʣĪЩ
īϸĿܣıǰ߲߰ɫһһģתԴٿȥīͻȻסˣ۾·ţ۾գһգݺһ͵ĳһʯ˹ȥ
磡
ʯǰиˣʼδע⵽ȻͷϤϲ
ϵĺҲƵƣѵѣ鲼ͷɢ£һһ縣ǹɹζŨأīŽٻ磿
ڽȻͷҲ㷴Ӧޡīְֱۣȴһֵĳʪһסˡ
ǡѪ




113¡˵ġӡ

ˣīŷ֣ԭϵǰɫѵĲϱҺȾ͸¶ƤϲһĿӣǳǳĺ죬Ƥ⣬īžסһʱ֮ҲӦ⡭ˡᡭ
˺üɺ޶īŲҡҲֻСĵĲɢµĳҪӵ鿴
ͷʪʪ𤣬ӵ°ͣҲʪһƬһ˫Ⱦ˺죬īףԭʣɬζѪζؿһıƣͻͻһƬƬİ·ޱ޼ʵӣ̵۾ۣ˲ģ
硭īŰˡ㾿ˣ
īţסӵĴֱͦıϤѪۡһ˫Ӱĺƺ֪޾忡ȴһѪڣӵۣգüβһֱӵǡ
Ѫ˿Χ˴Ŀǣӵͻһ飬ҺмİһۿȥѪģһš
īŵһһ˺ڣֽŷҲסӵ忪ʼƲסķ
ʱתȥȭͷצֱӾվк
ʲ᣿ʲ᣿
ɵ޸ͣҲιȥ²ȴûϵСŮӻľٶ
֮ᣬѸٵֵѹƣͺȣڷʲ裡
ڸӣڼҴүֻǸŮӣ޿ģûߣҲûСҲҷ֮ǰ֣ˡգʱ̣һչ¶ʵЩѹֵķŭѹֵĺȫǻȥˣз裬Ǳǰɡ
õˣԴӦߡڵģү簲ãҲ׼ġƾãҪߵҪߵҲ硭ΪʲᡭΪʲҪ
֪һīŲĵĻֱۣˣˣ
ۿ˫۾ҪסīŶ˵ͷһڡӳʹһᣬſƣĻȥ
žСʯﵴСĻ졣
ˡһЩˣīżһ£˼һƨɵ˵ϡ
ϻģһƤ񻹱ץѪ仺ķ֣ɫ˲࣬ڵϵˣдƬѸٻۡ
īηӡһ£צãʹ˴󾢶ǼԵѪۣҪˣ޲÷Цʹһ£ܺܵĿ𣿣
һ˫ڰ׷۾ôģĿƷ·˼ǸˣīһµҲǰ˵ɫжѿжˣֱֱʯǰĲ쿴ȥϻûиص˴
ļ۾ƺû˵ĸطˡīСͷûˮûнϵѪۡɬָƣҪŪ
۾˵أһۺۡȥϸǱʲᶫ˵ģ˵ģ˵Ĺһܿ£ŻιȥˡҲܿ˵ĴҪߣҪߵġĵ»Ƿˣ
磬ˡīŵ͵͵˵͸˳ջ£ǣɬķࡣм˾䣺磬ǧҪ¡ֻҪû£ҪʲҶԸ⡣
īᣬȾ˰߲ѪȴҲɾϣѿĲϼ䣬Щɫ˺ۣһһܲīŽҧۣߵӣûĵѪءء
֪ǲȥѪõģǴ򣬿Ρ˴ܿļЩĵطأ᲻ʵǺصģҪΣ֮ǰʱѪҪҩʪµĵطܾܡ
ЩīŽҲⲻҲ᲻Ĭ˺һֻתȥԵĹ
ӽ֮ᣬʼԹۡ˵ӼҲҧˣӾӣʼձ䲻ϻ֮ᣬֻйԹֵķݶ




114¡úˣһ

ᣬδ蹻᣿ǰһĿڡ
īҧҧӴ˶٣ǵġǰһ̲ŷйһֹ̣ڣ֮ǰĳ嶯֮٣ֻǳһʱ֮죬ɽأڸ߸ϵĴү΢īš
ǲעˣΣٲԸ޲ߡǵõ
ү
үЦһһסǷСɵ°ͣ㲻ǷʹֽСүˣ
īű˱ۣ˺ĿɬүҴˣҲˡүᷣҶԡˡ
Ŷԭҡĵͷ춼ˣ߲ˣÿû⣿
򿴵ţס򿴵̫ĺۺۣߡˡллллү
Ȼ˵˸ˣǻһʲ᣿ۣڿЩʲ᣿ﲻˣˣ
īŵۣһ˫ˮĺʹ֮⣬С
²£ң
ݵͣٹᣬһСԴĵ˵㡣
ٽдΪһ
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ţ⵹Ҳδɡ
Ƶ˵һ䣬īŵ۾ڡˡ
û𣿣˵ԷŹ磿дΪΣûü˹ļ˾䣺أϻδ꣬ڣǾúõһ㡣
ʲˣʲ˼īŻδף°ʹĴ־ͻȻץĲ˦᷽ʯڡ
ʯӲᱳײۣϵһֻ֣ѣǰһѣ
˵䵣ıˣ絣ĵԼɵ̫棿ı˽ӣΪ¸ϸҾͻŹˣ
īžֵֿۣΣҪ͸ˡֻƴƶֱۣһץҳ
ʱһɣʯڻ¼֣żǿ˵ءƵ˺ü԰׵϶ѱѪɫǰһƬˮʣٻգۣһ̬֮Ĳб֮ɫϤ
īʶĴսֻϣͷϴధܴáˡԭĿ̣飬˵Ź
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ӶĿĪ⣬϶£һһ绬īűĻƲסĲһһֻһֻ֣Ĵȣֻ˻һʹһѳȹ
ʲ᣿ī죬Ȼѽеѿʳ
ӹܵĳƫͷʯǱɨȥһۣٴսζĵҪʲ᣿˵أ
ī㶵ʯ㶵ٽĿתصϣĨЦо㣬Ȼһȫ˲͸ˡ
ǡ
춶ˣˡ߶˫ţʼûҪſſ
׵Ľסһ߶Цʲ᣿һС˹±Ƽ᣿
ԡԣֱǲš
ﰡҪǰ߳ܵ£Ҫβ£Ҫβܣ
ֽʼ·̶Ѳ쵰СৰףʯصļУ߿߿Ҫң㲻Ҫң
˺ѷεĺȴ÷ǳùһ㣬㲻᣿ҷŹ᣿Եĸоһԣ֪㲻ϲأ
ϲܵġ޿ܵġ±ȥҲⷬһǧһ򱶡׼ܷû뵽ʩġġûдֻǱƼȥһУ
īſҵҡͷˣҪҪ㡭ҡҡ
ģһţɬʣ϶ҧѪѹֲסʹʧҪҪ㡭㡭
ʱ˿̣𣿵أأ
ǰһǽ壬޵һ㣬޵ǼѡӣǾʲίǾʲ̵Ĳ˵¡ҵĻˡ˫Ԥ֪޻Σҿ»طֽ⡣




115¡úˣ

ؿЩ΢΢Ĵʹͣ˶
ԴķţԴȷʵЩŨĵһ޴ḷ̌ŭͱ֫ٺһҲͣϢˡ
һҹ飬Ū˸ֱ̣ԼеԣҪúģ᣿
һţѵ˱־ġ
ǹģ֪ģ֪ƣۼѪȵһĻˣΪʼɡ
ӡ
Ǳвȣȷȷʵʵĵ뿪
Ҫߡ
ΪʲʲʱǾܣԸ᣿һ᣿
ڿ˵ȫĴ˵޹أ˵ƾá֮ᣬֻǸˣЩʹ࣬ڶ
飬δΪǸᣬΪǸ˿ధһƽηηӣƵķ
Ȼңң
ΪЩˣΪǸ˲ƽۣѹں᣿
ܲΪʲֻо£ʵǣΪʲԼ⣿
ǵģԱΪᣬйһУ⣡
ΪʲĲ
࣬յõԣŮˣֻǸߡйֻãӰ춯ҡ֡ǰŮˣɫǲ飬ûκοȡ֮ɾһŮˣȴ
ԼֻһʱʣЩֻǴʵǲԻҲ޷ȷ
ڽ֮ᣬȻҪ룬Ȼӿ

ָһؿƣ;Ϳ쵽˼ޣҪеףʱ˿̣˭ȷȷʵʵ֤壬ؾۣ죬Ⱦָ
ģΪɼĶȴܿƵͣԳĳ˳ǣڲĴֻĻ£һݵ˱
û
ѪҺڲݵĴܶ
ܷŹŹġ
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⻰˵ĺ޺ޣҧгƵģǹ˵īϸ΢һŲĿƵƵԶſڡ
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116¡úˣ΢h

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117¡úˣģh

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ڰޱ޼ʣͷŲأ٣ûз򣬿ͣ¡
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Ųֻͣһͣƴǰ塣ֱֻһӵʱһɴסֽţȥ
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118¡

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119¡ˣһ

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120¡ˣ

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121¡ϲһ

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ˣòᡭò˰ɣסڣסúúõģûʲŹְī˯ǰɨ谵ܣë
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132¡չ

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134¡Լֺã

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135¡Լֺã

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УǺ«أ·ǲʲԸġΪʲᣬı飬һһʲԸȴ˵ɣЩЩãԼͻ𣺡šСЩ
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̧ͷտ޼ʣƣƮƮСΪĻشΪǼ֮ᣬչ¶Ц̣ΪദղΪ׽룬ǸԸġ
Щ죬üùҲһ
ദ̸ЦˣóȴͻȻʧ֪οڣ֪ǡ˵˻Ҳȵò֪ν
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иͷһתʱ·߳˻
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ʲѽүû˵ְšҽСںòѽ
СڣƯѽҲϲǲѽ
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һΣ׼ܡ˼ΣĬ˰Σ³Ƶһ䡣
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138¡ջ

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īԵǳԲġ
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˵֪㵣ģҲ֪룬㰵´㣬˽½˹
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ӲδشͶӰоžһ˭ڰ̾Ϣ
Ѿ֪ˡᣬ㻹Ҫװȥ᣿




139¡ɲЦ

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װ֪װ£ǵ˵˻ҷŭ¡һ㣬ǲǣ
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140¡

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Ķ᲻ء·⣬ֳ쳣Ҳ쳣쳣δǻҲǺáڵȴЩ£Щ뷨޷Ҳ㣬ΨĵȴĴ磬




141¡һ

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ѹֵԴͷǵĴӡڸ˾ηεĴү
ڼҴүܲáļдƬʱ޿̵ķܷ꣬ÿģڷⲽŲأƺʲἬֵ⡣
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ˣү㿴㿴ǵǵˣīű˵߽İϡ
ڷǽӹббĴ֣ɫԽԽ




142¡𣨶

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һһ۱תڵϵ˶Ųʣ˺ЩˡڲҲƲסö˶˵ֳʲ£һˣҲĲµġ
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143¡

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144¡ȡ

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145¡㶨һ

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146¡㶨

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147¡㶨

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148¡㶨ģ

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149¡㶨壩΢h

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ֻɰûöٵͽһֻϸأΣһ֣һֻȥأ˵ɣֻСͷĻ죿
ī˫ŤŤ壬áתӣûʲ飬â΢ϷʣĹĵı˱죬к޺޵㡭ſ
ŤŤӣǲʣԸϸϸûʲģؿһ֮ģƵͲסȡ
һֻ֣ÿ˶Ƕ°ڣС˵Ķһ·׽סƬĴǳǳ˱ǣȣĺأء²£
ī޷ش챻ռ죬ĸƤǰ塣ⱻⱻָ¹ιʲ벻£ѹ˼ãֻš
ӵĺΪ٣СС⣬ַֻԲǶŪϷӷſĴ࣬˿ЩĿֱֱƬǰ
ͰףWĶǶƤϣĵʤѩ͹ķģɫ΢΢ͦۡİҲɬѡ
£ԲİɴʱǸëͷСӣѪڼٱӿȴ㶣㶵Ŀǰһһʱû˶
ãͷһ͹ɽʱôס˱ʱⶥһ϶ϸĴƶתС˵Ŀڣǿ黬Ƥһһ
һᣬһĨӡۣϣѩʢŵһ䰵ɫĻģµӡǡ
īۣȴʡȥ¡۾δģԾĹ⣬·ȼһƬ𺣡
ƤƤ޸ʱ㷢̵֣ľˡ¶ȴʩһѻϵȣͷţѸٴȫ
ǣķ׷£Ĵһ·գǰСһᶶϵʧǣƣҲǲ֪
䣬˫ȱĴַֿȺ£ֱģʱлظһ˿




150¡㶨h

Ϣ˽ܴǻɪСҲһ
ܸо̵ĺ˵ĵطˣǸԽԽ
סʶķɿ첢ȣɷǵûסǿüסӵͷ
ҵֻ̧ĴźɫԴⳡʵ̫ѿīŴʧɫĪĿֻţг㡭
ӵ͵͵ɺã¡
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ܲ£¡¡ڡ
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ʪģģȵġǡġ
Ӷʱ˰ˣûиʱ䷴Ӧһ̣˺סһʪȵͷɨڲ࣬ɨѨڣŪһһµ̡
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ﶼģġصĵطˡ⺬Ǳ࣬Ѩһһɢζջζ̲ס̽ڣ嶯ĹڼʵΨˣƽϢ۵
īͦ϶Ĳ
Ĵ࣬ںֱײĸ̫İҲ̫ǿҡ޷ֿҲûܣĺܿʪˣһӵĽҺһǱ˱ˮ
ǣһֿοһֿ̾ᡣǰĻ˱סٱסӶᵯʹ飬ûѨѸ³˸ˮҺ
ΰ걻ץ߸̧ظػأ仺£𽥿᷽һء
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࡭࡭
ָоʵ̫죬ֻͥҲδۡ
һ뵽ƽ޵ĵط˾ȻŪ;߳ܵļʱȥ
в㲻ӲֻܳǻִϮ֮죬֮󣬷·ʱҪĳؿڡ
ѹˢȥٻһǱһ٣£ϸͳӼҵĸܣͥѨֹס鶯֪ùһߣΪһ߶ʧء
ˮҺĳ֣°ʹʪһƬ΢̧ͷִʣ᣿
īҡͷƵĶǽܡܡҪҪˡ
ۻѨһƬ̺ɫƬʪһ㻨ӲһŶӣѨɹ͸ҺģĻش𣺡ҪġˮСƭӡ
⶯īһ󶶣㡭Ű١ӲּԽԽ̣ıۣΪʲ۲ʹȴãʹΪĥ
ˮԳܵ£֫𣬷ֲӶȥӭ϶ϡ
Сӿ飬վ±ߣһ̣Ҳһ̣Ҫ⧲ԨץסӵͷҵĽкСҡ
شģǸΪ͵ĹϮ֪ǸýŪ˱ˣǸһ㣬һ㣬ܵõѡ
СˣѨͥͬλãͬܡЩЩ۳һ̫µĿСʵڳŲסˣ͵ĵ𣬼нȼԴӵĴ࣬ﵽ˼¡
һ󣬱ŻɣǰҲǰĺһƬ뵣˫պ٣ǿʪ˫ϸϸĺϻһһ˵ܵļ飬Ҳ˵㡣
̵ڣǼޡӲͦ׼Ѩڣպȡʪ󣬶롣ͷ̾ϢѹϸȻԼӶĽ¡
šĽһСèƵġ۾ɵĿ¶ɻӣ߻ݣյ궯͡
ΪʲأһֻһˡŮ˶ѣģĵģ԰ﾡǡ
Ϊʲ᣿
Ϊʲ
İеұҹɫŨӵ˻ˣʼʶͷģƱĴ´ϢµСš⡭С




151¡㲻

ʱīŻ
Ǽʱ˯ģѼǲˡҪһӣŷֽŶסδƣһͬĻС
ƽȵϢģԴãĲͷȥĿһŷŴĿա
ڷɢ¼ƣظֱͦııӿᣬȻ˯δѡ
үȷġ۾ȥƬİɫҲЩʱ⣬ϵ͡һ޺ӡ˯ʱ޷Σգʲᱩ尡̰ϵһ顣
үúܺÿʵҲǵġɸȴ˸ҹֽӽҲΪүϣɢһȴ䣬ǲŭһۣη塣
ùְ
һ˯ԡܾáһ˵Ĺ졣
ǰ㣬¡ǵһˡҹƺ֮ǰЩһһأҪϸϸٳ˵塣
ֻԼΪҹڿݵĸܡ
ʲأ
š

財ʱգεΣ
ʱвЩģڼУڽ⣬Ĳ룬᲻һ̣һͻ䣬ָӭľʲµĥ
ǣûСƺǶˡʵ֪ģǴı飬ǴУǴУ˲һĶ
үơǱ䣬ǳǳ⣬ǵĮֻǡص顣
ԣʼˡԣʼţ˺֮⣬һ޵ơ
ҹܽĿδƿ˾ҿ񳱣ӿĻ䣬Գܵļʹࡣ
ߣ̣ȥ޴Ŀ޽Сÿһǣÿһ¸ÿһεĽռڲҲƲסļ¡
ϻһƬʱǰĳ΢΢һٽۡ
ĺڣ·һü㶵ģԳѵãûһᣬɢȥϸĵâʼһһĪģˡٿֻô
͵͵𣺡ʱѵģ
ЩʱˣЩʱ򡭡ȣɲ˵ġ
ѵġûСûжá
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һҲ֪˯˶ãӦò̡
šǲˡ
оչֽţŲЩְ˰Σٿ˿ڣᣬ͵͵˶ã
ʲʲ᣿
ĻţæϣûûУûСû͵ġԽ˵ȴԽԵ㣬ҧ䶯䶯Ҫͱת˻
ļƤֱӲƤһ̧۾ͼǺʵţ͹Ǻᣬϡܼļڼ٣֪ðĿһ׵
ң÷ˡΪ°ͱ̧һƬīɫܵ֡עӣֻ΢΢ۣ³֣Сƭӡ
ƽȴЦЦ
īһ㶣Ӷ䲱ȫ͸ˡ
Ϊ֣˵ڡҹ
ԽǸԼ룬Խܿصȫ˳ĻµĴУ̵ģ͵ġʱWɫѸӣؿڶһƬ
ϾĿζʵʲ᣿
īŻشĲ᣺ûûС񡢺ˡ
֪
ŶŶǡҡ
᣿
ǡ롭

롭롭ǲǸ𡭡û˵꣬;ͱˡĪǵκģˣīűϸϸ˵۾üЩ
ûӦԣԹԹԱۡǹᣬֱѿһաϤϤµһᣬϢֽӱʵŲ𣬺ܿͽԶȥ
īһץǣģģ룺ˡҿʱˣҪȻ
ףȵȡ񡭡ЩԾ
ˣȻȻˣգᡣ
һҹһ磬££ֶδᰡ
òײķӣүˣҲˣҲˣʼΪ˳֮ᡭ֮͡
⵹ʲѽ
ֽ˵˿ˣ˵ģͳͳˡ
ǷΣģ˵ѣ˵үūҰ
⡭⵹Ϊʲѽ




152¡һ

ߵīŰԹҧǣǱߵˬĿ˷š
ɣɽӳ߳ӭˣ򶨵ĸȥү
ͣ½Ųޱ顣
ãүһҹӡʵЩѲⰡ
鰵룬ɽū׼㣬үƬ̡
ءĪĿɽ죬᲻صһ䣬Լȥڲ˵һĹǮˡ
ɽڷδˣǲǣү
ջߣԺŵʱһͣ٣ڲѸߣԽ˷͸ߣ࣬Ҳ֡
ɽһӶѸӦǡү
˵꣬ҲˡֻɽһˣԺŸпǧ
ѽѽǡҪµ˼оգȾϲ־ϲүȻĺӢ
ī֮ᣬһͷɥɽ֪˼δɡ
ǲµ˵ģⲻȵ⣬ҲǹһԡܳãܳɣƼȣ½ˣȨǽ飬롣
˼ɵתùүŵģתġⲻֵı߱߶үûˣشүĻشҲʮֵĿϲ
īܷأڶûأһ˵һ˵ģ
ǣټүʱʲػزػˣҲʲƻƻˣһֱ˵ֱ⡣
ҪĳӲڼֲֵܲ١Ҫĺֵϴ󣬸ʤһɶ˶ĺϴ󣬶ؾԵһЩ
ڷǼвУ˵ףֻΪ䰲ȫ²̣ҲǾҡأȻҲǲҡģɿС˳ӣеİΰֱֱϣüͷԽԽԭļͿʼҡΰǼˣѡ񲻿
סС죬û˵ѹ˴͹˲ÿޡֻܽûʱʱᣬ˼ɾͲһˣʱ˵ĻҲǲͬˡ
ʲ᲻Ҫ͸ŬҪʲ㰡͸۸ֱ޹ǵĽͣѨˮʪ˴죬ֱҲģȥ˵ȥ룬ݡ
ӣīųĲˡү㲻ӦٻһڴүǰððͷͶ˵ֱѹٶ߼Ե¡
Ӧˣһ﷢⣬ʱûҲ﷢⣬ǲˡĺ۰
ǵīǽȻͬġΪǵĴү춻ָ糣
ˣ⼸գүƺѡϵıˣٶˡˣƹƹҵĶûˣѾ߼Ҷ˵ҲɭɭװͰ͵ˡνƲհүãǴҵĺãү̹ҵӶùˡ
·ѶīŽƣתһֱƴ˼¸ءɽûʦˣһæڡܹܡĵ·ǰһ棬Ѿ⣬ЧûУңҲûСٰЩʲᣬ¾Ͳǿ۹Ǯˡ
īΨй¾սɽڲǲʶʲ˵ģ͸˵ˡܽء˴үү˭ܴء
һӰͻĸԺãа취ˡ
һգ˵粻磬˵ɽȥڲλүæīƿԺţè¿˿С߳СԺڵĶܼܼܵſڡѾҪȥīű㴹ɿĸͷ
ͨʱҲΪǼ£ŵû죬һᣬīžվֵĽֵϡ
һɵۡ
ʶ·
үסأ
ֻú߱ʡλãк֪ܶġã춼үۡĴš
Ǵ˶ܽģ
ī֣ȫûӣҲ֪Ļ˼ҵѾߣϷУīš硱Ļ󣬻á
ϣǰӲǽð벽ֽεʱһĨϤʰ쵣ƮȻſڡ
۾ī͵ĳȥүү
ӼȻһסСӣ
īæĵͷţţңң
µɨһ飬̽ͷᣬһӣģһģ




153¡ү

īżֱҪˣҡҲʶ·˺þòҵġ
Ŷ˼תת飬һЦ粻ɣҪȥȾơ߰Сӣͣ顣
ɲΪ˺ȾƵİ
үȵȡǡǡ
ϸīŵɫᣬȥȾƣ
īæͷ
£
īգͼ۾ƴٵͷ
Ŷʲ£

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΢΢üȻһ°ͣҽ
үīűСͷŬ˼Ҫοڡ
Щʱδһֱ˵ĿġҲ̫á
ǣīȱ׾ʺ򣺡үү𣿡
ӡꡱЦˣͣ½ŲתԵ·ȵöƣǲã
ȡšīɬ򴽡
һ˵ȷЩæ˵ףΪ졭ʱɲסƯգգԳ˼ίò׵˿գȥ˸ˣСˡصӣ˵ɣңʲ£
ǡ롭үҡ
ȵȡӺɵĿҰ㣿үأ
īžִǸӵԡ
ˣŶ֪ˡŰ㣬ҲܲˣԾҪ뻢ˣ
īһæҡͷǲǣûŰңûҪӡ˶٣Ļѳ˿ڣүҡҽ
£һ㶣
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ԣԣڹڻߣң˵áҲ֪ˣҪȥһҪȥģ
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ģдģּСһ鳤ģҲϴģ
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ţţ
һüζЦˣǸʲ㶼ûŪСӰûǸȦף
Ĳģ֪ġ֪Һڵĺòãƭҵģ
ʲȦףֻ֪Ե޹Ե޹ʵ˵ʲ᲻áһԭģһʲ£ҲһѾֻķʽ̵ֻͨԼ
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š
ᣬҲ֪
š
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ǡīŵͷŪָԥ˵үҲүǡǲӦҲʶˣԾ롭үүҡ
߽֣һüģû취˲ңǺûġ
īӵ̧үɲԡɲԡ
ʲ᣿ͷʣҿүǽᣬСһ׮Ӧ㣬Ҫлң
᣿ǡҡ
лҲ֪һġûӣҲûʲֵǮĶ
ǡүҪᣬҾᣬҶүġ
԰īŵСһ˫ۣү֪֪
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Сӣ㵨ӲСˣЦƺΪˣǷ㲻ڡǲǺȤ᣿
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λƣʹķȥ˳˳Ĺ˹ţһͣ¡
īű֮ᣬͷԸԭصȺ
زģīҲǲߵġܣʯש̳ɳ·ǽߣ߸ߵܽƬƬ֮ᣬվܸоׯµϢԭʹӵġ
ûһᣬӱīĸ棬һȵţ߹һζεȵ̨ͤ¥ΰ׳ۣī΢죬쿴ۡ




155¡زȥ

ԸʱĵڸʱĵСʱĵǰĵ𣬲ûкܾð
ְΪʲᡭ᲻һˣ
īͻȻһİһִ١ĻᣬҲ˵ˡ
ڻȼһλƣĵĻ谵
ǰԵһģīΪ˯ʱȴĿ˿ڣաү᣿
īգգ۾ҲĻش𣺡ţȥүҽġүܺãӦˣȻᣬʹˡ
šһԵɵӡһǷ飬֮죿
īŷ˸С˵ġһҪģүңᱨҶԸġ
̾˿㰡Ҳߣ㱻ˣҿ˭ȥ
īŲֽţصģүŲء룬Сʳһ䣺㡭òã
öûȵشīŸֿڣүҲүǣǶӦҿдûи裬ֻ룬ҪһģҪȻĲģ㡭
˴ĻҲһˣⰲҹͻأЩ̶
ǰıʼϵóҲϴġ㲻Ծң𣿡
ǡдģҡ
˵ͱģģδҲò塣ɻ䣬ī𣺡᣿
ԥīŻʵʵĴá
оһٿļУ᣿
֪ˡιȥˣȻᡭͲˡ
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ӿϹܣļīסɬοģү˴򣬴춼ġ˴򿪵ҩܿͻûµġ
תͣˡᲡˡڹҡҲĻ
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رס޵ǸĺͯҲġҲġﲻ׼ҽҡûа취
š֪ġīҧȴֹסỬµͷҺ趼֪ģǲҲ㣬ġֻҪáǵˡĲá𣿡
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˻ǲ˵ƽϢ𽥵£̧ͷһһֵ˵ʲǺáʲǲáҾҲ֪ˡ
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ֻ㶵Ŀʱ˯ȥģ˯ȥģҲЩˡ
ڶ۾ˡʱɫƽҹһʹޣһΡüױֻͬ΢׵˫ۣй¶Щĺۼ
һҹᣬ֮ͺһ㡣˵Ц̸ֻⶼ޹ʹֻҹ֣δ
ţŮʲױݣʲѣƽЩʲǲô󣬿ʼԹ·ķʽ£ֻǷݶιСƵģԲֻõĳ
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ԭûʲرӡǺ
ǺãΪε㵭ȻǲãΪ˵ģίѹڲǡ뿪ȥ




156¡벻

ҹһʼл֮ȥ
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Ϊʲ˵زȥΪʲ᲻ܻȥ˹Ͳܻȥ𣿻Ϊϲ׼
ʱдЦһԵĸӡ
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˵벻ãҲ֪
Լ޷⡣þǺãþǲãþǸˣþѹܼ򵥵ģΪʲ᲻֪أ
Īʲ˵Ŀ࣬ܽԼ֪Īǻϴã²˵Լ˵ܣԸ˵
ΪʲỹԸأ
벻ͨ벻ͨ
ī²⡣ᣬ˳ţ˵Ҫȥ԰ͻҲ濪ģ£ʲỨǸû˼ġҲɨ˵£߱߿߰´˵ı顣
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վֱתͷǳЦ϶ңȻǺõġ
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ãꡱһЦĶͷɵţںЩʲᡣ
Ӵī֧֧˵ûУûʲģֻǡֻһʡ
֪»϶ҲãίҶ˵ǲǣ
һ仰ȫСīͷ֣Ŀʡ
ջߣǵڽ֮ǰҾ˵׼ǻϣиæ£ЩҶںֻҪңڵĽʱң㹻
աʱ͵͵ȥȥǰס˵һʼĩī档
ʵʼδӦġȻᡭȻҾ͸룬ƭ˵㣬֪ģҲͬ˵ġȻᣬͳȫҵ˼һ˹
˷ԸҰ֮ᣬʱʱң˵˵Ҳ֪Ѿ߳ʶǳ˵Щʲ᣿
ֻ˵˵Сʱ£˵˵ԸļëƤЦǰδа㲻͡
ĲƵ֪ǾˡһƬᣬҶףҶֻ֪ǡ
ī䣬ʣֻʲ᣿
ֻǡһЩҪõࡣԭΪ㣬֪ͱ˲㡣һ㲻Ҫһ㣬ٶһ㡭˵ģĺ֡
ܵͣƵģ̾Ϣһ㡣īƶǶʱ̧һЦˣҲǣ˵Щʲᡣ㰡Ļ׵ġ
Ц㱣ȻۣƳɬЦɷ·һ̾ͻ޳
īҪ粵죬ȴʲҲ˵ձһһǰ״һ˵֮ûвãڹûвãҪģҪ˼룬û
ī㶵ĵͷֻɻ󣬻Ҳʧȥ
𣿵ûƭ
£Ϊʲıģ££ּд£˵á
ŲԶתͷһ̸æջ֣æĸȥμ
˼ġǻϵǽϵĵһīţӲ̧ͷ
ֻһƬWɫȹڴǰҷȥµĻƣ߼䣬һɰ㡣
ȹԽǵǰģĨɫûһᣬͷԶ𣺡ͻɢģºˣɨ˱¡
һ𣺡ĪЩ۵ģǽ彿Ϊⲻ۵ӣɲֵ
Ҳˡʹ棬ɣǹŮ㵹˵뱾Էǣʲ᣿򱾹ʲ˼
Ļūޱūһ䣬Ǻù·ū룬˼ᵲ·ģˣҲǺù
ǺǺǡԭˣ⵹ȤҲǵģʲèĶҲĲɲ˹ľ
ƣèèܱ䲻˵ģأȨЦǻڱӣˡ
ҲǡЦÿɱԼۡЩҪͻȥɡ
ǣ




157¡һ

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ʲģɳڵĻ־䣬̶ŮӦﰵһӦٶ۵˸װס
ԭڹܵЩ
ǽգľС֮ǰأʱ򡭡ǲǻиģ
кܶӣһأ
жپ䣿ѿĳ棬ٴΣ
Щʱգ׳˶٣
תͷԣֻԵֱȥķ
ɫ׺࣬۾ˣԼ·ܿѴԼ·ǳݼҧڸ졣ֽȭͬĴ䣬˼֣һ졭һ졭
һ졭ʲ᣿
īŲʡ
ΪıΪ졣ĲʣİԹۺһǿҵģӿģĸӣǵһϿò˵ЩҲЩĬȥһ·ҲĬ
һһΣ͵͵ظˡıкͻֻüۼı亮ɢȥ
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ȻᣬīžҲʡ᲻ʣɻ󣬵ǲ̡µܣҲƵİ᲻֪أҲδƣŹ֣صһֱʱ֡
ϵķ˷ʢ˲Ÿ£ͼתһߴӡ
վ𣬾ϲϣ
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Ц£ܵġū澲룬֪Щ˺ϲϻϵθڡ
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īŵﱾҲδ𻰡һۣѸٵĽӿڣ˵ҹﵽհĹ˺һȻͳȥ԰ٱģЩЩ
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^ɫ꣬һԴСīźˣǾùȤ᣿
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ССԥһ
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ʲֱˬһҲûǸ˵ʱǿֲ̱飬裬ô̶νġֱˬĲҹά
ϥϵСֱȰīһ΢ɪһ̧ͷӭͶĿ⡣
ϸעӶ꣬ˣƲ֣Сīſʲί
ǰίܴܴίֻίĲǵ
ҡòøأīֹ
֣ǵĹ˹ıӣСīǹͣ˭ҵ˭ίҿܴӦġ
ī͵ۿ˿ɣʵҡʵϺһţйĵͷûʲᡭʵûʲġ
ǿЦǰΪ˺ƣĻʲµġֻ˼ˡ
^˸īŵͷƲȥһۣʵڹƽǰҲЩ˹ģк档˵ʲᣬʲᣬ⣬⣬ᣬϡ
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֪ڸһӳڴϣЦްģٴ죬Сīűϰˣ˵᣿
ڷ㶣֮ᣬĵͷšǣϡ
Եоִٵ֮ӳģЦ͡
Ĵ۽ޣȥһĸӡ




158¡ί

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ϴڴϣĬĬ
ϨˣһƬڰÿñ㷭·Ϊʲᷳꡣ
īҲ˯ģԵĶֱպЩΣδܳ
Ժ˯ȥʱīŵۿ淺Щ࣬ھ̨ǰĵҲˡ
īĬĿüױ֬۽ĨȥĬԸŮ׼㣬ͷ˵嵭Ϳɡ
ͭ´ˮ˽ǰЬ࣬ȡĴáǰ£ӹŮӹյǳһŨ裬ﺬһᣬڹŮĿյ
ͳãջ֣ͷࡣ
ҲͷߴССڵĺȡ
ڹӣǺãǲأ
ǺϰˣʹĹŮЩ£⣬ææǡ
кܶӣԸǿŴ͵͵ҲǸѾߵġͻȻãֹ̬һЩ
ת䣬һϦ֮ȻֻǣĺĿ
ҪԼģۼһĻԼܷأ
ڹû𣿡˺þúþõһ仰ü䣬ĵǣĻɡ
ǰͷҲδ̧ʲ£Ѿ˵ˣҺõúܡ
𡭡졭԰
ĸף˹Ůû˱ˣֱīŵ˫ۣƽʲҲûУѾˣҲ˰ɡ
ˣ㡭īһ㶣ӶüͷĸңǸʶ𣿡
ûʱĳ˳ǣΣνϲʶ
ǡΪʲҪ㡭ĻīŻδ˵ڡ
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ģֻܱڽ£վڸߴ˱ֻаͽУӭϣΨа㵡ͻֱϵ
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ԡǡ˵㡭ϡ֪𣿡
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֪һ𣬿ǡī֣ۣҲҪί˵㣬ĺܡڹһҲãһȥһȥòã
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ˣ˵ϣĳ֣֪֪ȫڵȡҵЦҲǵԸҲģǿԡҲԵġǲȥģ
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Լ׵ˡԼһãϣãþ˰취ֻΪֻΪԼ趼ˣԼߡ
Щʱգ֪жൣЩʱգ֪ж
ΪʲԸЩǲԼһͬȥأ
Сһ𳤴󣬴ʱ˿̣ȴʲᡭ
ˡˡǷĲԸ̹
ѾίˣԲŻ˵ЩΪҲһܲܡ
ڹĿֲ˵ֻ¶ĵסáշйǳԼ˼䣬ء
ܵġԼߣҲġҲ޹ˣҲˣᡭǻȥɡ˵˵ҲԼһ㡭ѹᡭ
īգգ۾̧ͷܣŷ֣·ˡ
һţҲδǰ棬ֻҵߡᣬ֪ߵ֪ġ
ǺɫǽǰûˣҲûˣãȻǰбѰˣҪһʻصס·һСΣһȺɫš̽ͷ濴һƬյءյǺôһݡ˵İɡ
˼졣
Щꡭġ
϶֡ĸᡭ
īϡ˵һһԽԽ죬ͻرһ䡣
ĸᣡҺò׻Ҫߣ
϶㸸ʵگɲΪ͢Ϊ𢣬Ϊĸ᣿
ǣΪֵǻףΪλ㽫ȥ߽磬޻׼سѾˣλӣΪʲ㻹ǼҪһȥ
϶ĸ֪ģѱ˽˰ŪǷǣ϶ĸΪá
ʲǷǣȫǹƨ
㡭⡭˵ʲ컰
گҲǹƨλ˭˭Ӱ㶼ϡ
סڣ㡭㡭

̫ᣡ̫ᣡ
̫ιȥˣ̫ҽ̫ҽ
īžЩϢһһĳſŲȥ
ŸվȣһƵĳˣվԣ˵һš
֪Ķ͵͵ĿǸˣ
һţīƺһһƨɵڵϣһʱ䣬Ҳ˵Ļ
ϻһţƳŰ봹Сʱֹסͷ㡭Сӣ
īӣһֻ΢ĵ˵ͷ
ϸϽӣ߾ȵʵ
˵Ҳ̣ϧʵûڡ
᣿᣿ֻϷףֻӲһҲ֪ǷػصĿȴȻ㲻Ծİθ˺ü֣ɵ᣿Ҳ֪ģ




159¡̸

㣿˭֪һŵģҪ
ۣܲ˵ӽ𣬡ҲǸ취Ҵȥ̫ҽ
һܵʵᣬʹδӾ磬֮𽥵Ļ⡣īץӵ΢Ŀڣû¡ûµġǵ÷ĶǶ϶ٵ
ͣ½Ųͷң
īһ㶡
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֮ᣬīżı⣺ǡҲǡ˵
żǰֱǰһŵ˵߶źģᣬ͸ȥѰ̫ҽˡòҡ
Ŷ𡭡
īŵͷ
ƺ뵽ʲᣬͻȻͣ˲ӣҪ̫ҽȻҴĸ̫ҽĸ㣬˭Ҳ󡣡
īǴסֻӵĿԼϸϸĶȦĶһļƤ
ȥĸ᲻ŵأЩʲᡭҲҲãҾ˳ˮۣ˵Ҫ³ףأѰӡĸû˵İɣһҲ˵ġΣòã
áʲѽīӲ۾ɵִԲǿʲľۡ
ۣᣬ뵽ҪӾ;ϲ˵ˣ
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ٶٲް
ģûµģһ㶼ˡûʲģҪ鷳ȥˡʵΨȥȥŵĵطһ𣬿Ǹʲ̫ҽ
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ү֪߽֪ʹһܽġ
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ˣúܾȣǾҺܿԴһЦ
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Ϊʲ᣿ﲻ᣿
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˵ĨЦ£һ˫Ưеâںֻǣͬͬ˼⹬ʲᣬΪʲᣬλס




160¡

ͺñȣʲᣬʲᡣĸ˶ƤѲѶϣĻ䣬ǿá
ǰһ˫ƯͫϸĹ⣬ǲչҫµˮ档ͣ·𻹲˵ĳ磬ԣǱǱΡ
īƶǶӱסڵҲǮYYģǡ𡭡
ǰ᲻ءһ֣תգ㣬ѾִⲻأҪ죿
ī˼˼ˣʵĻش𣺡ҡҲ֪
ֱֱע̾˿СɵɵһᱻˣҲ֡
ף仰񵤶Ҳ˵ġɵɵǶ˵
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ţõģү
ǺáվһЦ߰ɡȥ
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ҪлҪ˵ЩʲᣬԴתˡ
ֱһĨʧǰīԭشվãڵſ롣
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һƵĳˣžڶ𣺡ȥˣڸת˺üȦûˣ
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ϸߺɵ᣿
īæĵͷģҲСġߵʱ򡭡ûп·
Ϊ͵˵ˣҲ֪ԼˤûУ
۵ġīŵ۾е㷢ᣬæץסæµ֣ҡһҡӦеңһҲ۵ġ
Ҳˮס޹С֣ꡱһЦ





161¡ظ

Ͼ÷ĬеġһܡЦĻ⡣
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Ϊǵȥַ߳Էһ˱˲ס
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Сʣһֻг᣺Сţ˵ˣµġ
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ǡŲأܺõģ¡ǡΪΪзŲµˣԸᣬԣ޷ǣ޹ңһ֮
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СţֻͣԼ⣬᣿
Ἣĵ˵ͷ
С˵ĶǣмԵĿɬ
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ү˵˵ҪһȥǡǴүү֪ڹ𣿡
ӾעԵĴݸһѶϢ˵أ
֪ڹǡûС
һһǺǲǵûƤ͵˳ȥŭ壬Ǳף΢һ룬ͽŵĲ




162¡

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һ󣬻£ү˵һȥҲɡ
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עˣһʱҲδü΢΢ǵǣԥСţﲻܾ
֪֪īźҵĵͷһȥģһᾡȥģҵģҲ֪財ˡ׵ġһģ
Сţ˼סִⲻأȰȥǸ취ﲻȸʲ¶ˣ㡭
ĲģīżĴϣҲˣҺܺõģڹﲻµģ˵𽥵£Ȼƣڰ׷еİ󣬡Һ͵Сһ鳤磬ҲܵġҪˣֻһڹĵ¡
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һȥˣһúϴᷣҶԡڡĲߵģҲµһˣҪߣҪһߡ
ĿָϷӹ֮ᣬ̾˿үǱߡûаաȡʱ䣬ǲࡣ
īһòܾõģܿ죡ܿҾʹһ
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īŻرסϲ˲䣬ϸϸ˵֪ģ硣ģһСģúչԼġ
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ԶԶԡǶǻϵӣֻһͺñȣԸŮ˲٣Ƕ檣ҷˣֻһλ˵ˣ
īŵͷǻϵҷΪʲҪأ֮ǰ𣿡
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ЩʱչȥͻȻټɵŽ֮ᡭһȻ¶ӣЩң֮ģĪŨصĲҵĻ´ʵ̫ʹˡҾֱӰѻסĵطˡ




163¡ᣨһ

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ȥ·ϣ࣬īǣ֣صĶɲȸ˵ʲϸ𣬲ڵʱĪҪڣ֮ڻǰһСġ
īűߵͷӦЩ棺ϵĴӰ֪ʲӣǡᡱν;ɷǳ֪סĵطǲǺܴǲĳνһɣ
ſڣīű㷢֣ɣȻǵġӭȥģǼޱĹŮƺҲһĹ˲һ뵤סĹŮвͬ
һ·ǰ߶͸ׯµϢţһŮϣǽķͼͷϲ޹װΣ㷢£һ٣ֻбһɺĵ
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ԬϽһţӳ֮ᣬΨһĶԬλӣ縺Σפر߽׻˵ȮŮλԬδʱǸԶĲŮ빬УһᣬҲǹҫ鹡
ΪᣬݣṬҲǾʹԺŮӣԴеģﰵСС˴ţǹˣöϣԼķΪ˶Ѱ˼
һ֮ڳ٣^ΪԺ񣬽ԼĻᣬǼΪġƽ߶꺮ů֮ྴδ
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ʱգǲأ߰룬߲ɫīٸˡū澳Уʶأδǰ𷣡
֮ᣬͷƮһ仰ǳէҲֲǡɡ
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һ΢ͷīŲ£μ١
١һۣЦϣλǿܲ𡣡
һīҲǣҲǣֻεάơңʱԬΧˣĪҪ˼ҡ
裬״޹㣬ԩǿǻԴˣء
١תꡱһЦ㣬⻰ĵѽ˶١
תͷĹĵĵɴۣǵġðð١ǰȡЦңͷ㡫
ƾǻȭȣһµòɣ
㡭㿴١۸ҡ
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īֱ϶׵ķҲȥࡣͷĻ̧ͷñ
С̧ͷһ£ˡӡա
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ȣºͣ·룬һ־ƽ׽ˡ۾󣬵ܺںĿһԣͣһᣬתԼϡӴֻֻǵĿûòʣѹȣȴĪҪס
ʲ֣
ߣ൫ϸᣬʵΪȻش𣺡ػĻūе
š˫۾ֻһ㣬ٶأأ
ػĻūū澽īšīšѧӣͰ͵Ŀڡ




164¡ᣨ

λŮ죬ī޶˼ֽšҵͷҲƿߣ΢΢˼ֽӲ֮ᣬǰĻ˿ڣǲһգƺЩЦ⣬ĵҲʵɾ
ī㣬֪û˵ʲźãΣžִٵļһ䣺лллл
Ԭ΢ǣˣ
ûī죬˸ػĻū澸ʮʮ塣
ԬɨȥһۣӶ˵ͷ֮꣬뱾ϵԶ
Ļ곤춻ʵۣⲢǸܣһת״Ƹпʮ᣿١㿴ǣӦһ䣬²˰
١һƳЦʲ²ˡ껪˵Ǹô򡫡
εεľ죺١ͬ꣬ң˼ѽ껪أһһģ׾Թ϶ڹ˵᣿
ʵ⻰˲ףһԵ١æԲϣˣ÷ʫԣҲۿ۲飬ֵõ㣬ҲЦ
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ŶԬ˼ûһᣬֱͦ£ɫ糣ʣԹ﷽˵һջȻأ
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һ֪ӣԭǸůѾͷ١ζһۣζԶɻ󣬲ʣ޷ޣǵĻ˸ͼѾߣӶŮˣòΣɵɵ岻ףǵĻϾģ
ҲǾ͸Ҳ϶˶ǲ֪֮֮⡣㽹ȴΪ粵δʼ޷Կڣֻǣ֪ǣīȷȷʵʵڼλү˼֮ס
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ǰƣ֪λүʱ˳һ֮⣬˲࣬ʱٲеˡܿԣ޲һ졣ǰģʱȫˣǰǻᣬ߶ϻڣЩ£ǿ˵᣿
١ƽҧһĿƵֱֱīкԬûһۣЦⲻǹˣҪعĹءǲ֪ߵغҲԬû˵ȥ̧ʰ˱յᣬȴء顱һڿտĵƻ졣
һʱͷҧס˴
ܵīûɵľ˽ţֻԬֱʾ⣺ԹĲ˵ˣ
īŲĿ˿ٲĿ˿ǰŮӣĪ˺촽ϣֿʼƲסĽͣϡ桭
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ǡǰһֱ˵˵͸ﲻһ
ԭˣأԬʣ·Ϊ档
ûСûˡ
šԬ᳤һһߵķ֣İûάֺܾãݻˡ
䣬һĹŮǰūڡ
Ԭһ۷Ʈȥ졣
ǣ




165¡үãһ

ī㶵ĿŮ̧ͷ۽ֲԣ״ʶһҡ
Ůޱ飬ȴɭüסڣļ澣ǰ
ʲ˼Ϊʲ˵˵ʲ𣿣̧ͷȥϵĻбǶֻû˰Ц⣬Ӳ˫ϣҪѧġ֪ܹϢ
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ǣˣһΨ֡߶Ψ֡ĸ߶ءɩˣԲԣ
ʲ߶ֺ˵߶룬ҲΪá
֪ⲻǽˣԹţĸ˵̣ɩǸడ
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᣿ԬһмеʵΣ
ӣԵ£˯㣬ѲѲ߽磬һаá˶٣ЦȻǹĵ״㣬ҴΪʺʺ򣬹йС
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үǰִͷվһԡүڳܲü֡
ſڵϵĵ㶣īǡ




166¡үã

ڵӵĵɣ֮ǰҲãҲã·ֻǳ
̸ڼ϶ʵѲɫļŮӣһˡǸݵ˶΢ң쵰С죬һӡ۾úܴǿ˻ѪǱŵһĿ͸ãȻ
ϵؿھĪһԬĲ׽ߣͷһת״Ʋʵˣүпչ
ϻԴƤգգۣɩ⻰ˡ⹬﹬߶䲻ڣɩҿɲҵ
ԬֻЦ
ҲɩѽѲڻɩǲܻӭ֮ˣһ˫ӢͦüٲȻһ˵ӡ
Ԭֵ㰡Ϲ˭ܱù㡣һʣ˱Ĳˣ
ϺٺһЦԬᴹɨǰˣٻӭֻǣүɡ
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һ˵޹ȣһ۲ŷ֣ﻹλŮӡԬᲢδƣֻλˣδãæΪṬ֮ףΪһ֮꣬ԣλǰһ𡣡
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еվһɴݡԬĿīش˼תһʱĬδ
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УҿǾʵɩ˵ҶˣɩЩ㣬͡Цã˵Ůſȥ
īһһ㶣û״ɼıĵǰ
߳˼Ļ֮ǰһĻĻı飬ǸŮʱλͶԹĿ⣬һ£ٲ벽
ѪȣƴڣҡҲߡС桭
ϻۿ˲ʱ뿪취
īŽס֣ƴҡͷеģǸŮ棬ҲߡҲ
Ӱοȸ¡
Ůģ׺ݣּغ飬һǶԻᣬЩɣᾭʲ᣿īŹ﷢ܰġ
һһſڲԶ֡һȰҪ룬һҲԸߡīŹִǿκβãŭװʲ᣿Һò״ģ㻹ҪȥһܵòҪñŸˣ
īһɪ˵ϻһ˦֣תߡ
δȥͣ½ţҧгݵİһ䡣īֻǵĳ֮䣬硣ĽʶһߴӰֱ
һǰһһᣬؿһأһ㱻Ŀ˼硣
һϵˮ׾١ϳһŲմأѸ




167¡ڶΡӢ۾

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ϴͻ԰˼Σ¼䣬ǰһյء
ܱһȦǻֲΧƢεİڳУԵıϣÿһСαһͭܣܵĶһµԲɴ֣ɴ컹δȼϣȥæµ̵ģִƺģڵԸڴæİãһۿȥǼ֡
߽ˣǽͣµĶѸٵĸߵأʱ밲ʺһ󶯾Сһſŵʹĺɫͷ­˼ְī΢죬ֻһ׳ۡ
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ϱĽӲһʱ֮䣬īҲ²ɿһѡīŻŻţһ£ǰҲ




173¡磨

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һǿǿۣܿұһ£էһΪĸµĹŮ磬ڣҲڣҪĳϣɫҲװװ͸ˣǲ֪أǣ棬֪ܡ
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Ŀ֮˵Ҫ˵ҡңһ죬ӣĺӡ
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֪ˡŮϸϸһί촽һһ̣ͻȻԵˣԭϻˡϣҪݲؽ᣿ȻĲ˽볼檺ڽʶ
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174¡ϯ

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ǡǵģ
գ˼ۣʵīŹ￴С֪ǼΣ
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ŶʮᣬѹҲˮġһɬֲģǿ촽һĨĻȣı棬īŹҿͷۣ
Īһīסٲˡ𣺡ˣīŹҵļϣĪĿª̸īŹԲ̧ͷһۡ
ίЦϯһЦī΢΢ǺԵǿҪЦ
յҲϤװģīŵķζһ飬˵˾ƣĿªڽҪ߷ߵ޵ݣ
ȥһָۣһ㣬ҿ˾ƣﻹ죬òʵ
˫֣һССĹƤϣҡ
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175¡ϵ˼

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߲ŽгһǱߵأԲվС˶СīţǶ˰ɣ¶գվȥǲ˶Ҫˡ
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ʱԶԶָµĵһߵ£һ£ŵĹһƨɵڵأʻʻʡð죬Ŀ࣬ᡣȵվᣬֻ̽Դ۾
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֮ǰ磬ĵ˵ػȥһĹȥþҲ޷˵룬벻취춡һͬȥһ˵ʧ˰




176¡

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أĲЩûУüδԼ𣬲֪үү˵ء
硭͵͵УԼȴδȥү𣿻᲻֮ǰµ˲Ȭˣǡ
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ζɨһŮӣТΪȣȥҲ˽úûϡ
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177¡ͻ

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ิӣƽʲᶼûУ춿˿ڣǰɵţһνûվҪߡ˵˽ʱȥٶ졣
˵룬īͷҲжһʯʵҲ᲻õģðɣɡīſǰĶˣǣͷӦʡ
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½棬ܿĹȥһ磬īžҪ뿪ȥڸ
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180¡գ

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һ˵ˮˣūźС
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֮ᣬʱʱ̿ûߡ˵չˣǿܡ
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ʲᣬֻ㶣м߽Ķīʵǻŵܣſ˼ǾѸٵĸϣӲСڷںϢ
ֻһĸεĿסһ䲻Сķ
˵̽˵¾¡ǲЦǱҪڣҪȻ͵ȥظūǷ֮źС㡱СϢҪߡ
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ĸŮ²˷šĶʱýǰһʶһ
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Žǰ׾ٵİץסӶֱϺҵ߶ɵвת۾ͱ˴
ͷĿѣ˲ˣǱҪ֮챻ľס˻һһסڣٵļС
Ҽ䣬˫󣬰һ˽˴ͷ
ʣµﱻһ£ֹˣ档
ĶЩ³ڳϸŪɸΨһܻıȡߴţƴϵȵϥǣ˫ȴ򿪡
ȼ˽ǰչ¶ţƣĽСˣס֣ҪûӦûп˵֡
ǴִӲ֮ڽһ룬һδεĶѨ⣬ĦĽշתĳſ
ۣ˫ҵʣҪ߿߿үүҡҡ
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Ѩ飬ĸо䲢棬Ǽ£΢ҲǾģӵдصĴϢһ㡣
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СīţֻңҪġҡ
Сīšý
ЩٿһЩšСīţϲ᣿
ϲİɡҪȻҧҲţأأòãţ
ī޷شʲҲˡ
ֻỬֻɺ϶񶯳˻ƣԶĵطƺʲ˿ӶƬƬһء




184¡

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Сһ䷿Ŵû˱ĳڣ˵ʲضˡܱסīŶҲ޴㣬Ҳ޴ӣµҪֻܿİЩҪ㡱
ʵʱ^úõ˵ϼ䣬Ӱοǰ˶һŲ񾪿ڿһʮ⣬ɱĽ
Щжľܾǲģ쵰СĿܣãǲϲġ
ǣչᣬǿӲĽ˴ĬѸٵĿ޽УЩʹ΢ѹҲãðҲãԼԼļӲĽ裬Լһ֮硣
ǷȽ£ֹסıڣϢƲסк^ҲԻ
δԼȥǿһŮӡ
һ֮лݣͬŮ˸ƶŵĽһһ⣬ֻȥߢȥҡ
ǻ޵Ǹɣϲý˰Թһвһշ磬ҪϷ
ŮΪԴףܳʲĿģΪܽеһҹҹҹʹ˻ģභҪ
ƫƫǸ⡣
Ҫߣûвû·еķ˿ûۡԸ£ɡھ˼ҪõģȴҪҲҪ
ᣬԼǺܲ᣿Լһίˣ䣬᣿ҲзӦģ᣿ȻˣڿЩʲ᣿
ϣʱǱһ˼뵽ǶֵܵĽͣ뵽֪ԸӡԼŮ˱ȾָȴʲҲ˸޷ֹΪˣԼŮˣ˵Ĳֻ
뵽Щ;һ󱨸Ŀ⡣ҩ˳ƶΪŮˣǿռ뱻ǿռӶǹһԣ˵ʱֵһСЦ
һŮˣһ۵Ůˣܵң˯ڵߣǾܳģ᣿
ķӦңЩľЩնЩʹ࡭˵⡣
һҹ֮ᣬ֣ΪʵѾͣĿҲѴﵽȻľ꣬ɪؼĪЩŭ⡣ܺ£һֻСӡ
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֫ܵĽζܺãѷǴӣںֻʱʱģһֹŹֵĸоһ㼴ţ֮ϵģģģ޵ĵ⡣
ݺСҲůظϢȣĽϰĹռһµľӲͦΪǴÿÿӴһʣÿÿٳף·ǲܳܡ
ΪȾ죬ΪȼʪˮҺ
飬ȴһ顣ס˫ֱʱֽűŪɲ̬ɢüˮȥζڱǼ䣬һܴ飬һӭϣʹ͵ӣ
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ǰ̫Ҳ̫ţûлɣǻѻҲȫ档
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᲻Цأ쳾ãΪĿģֶΣΪȨƣϧʬʲ鰮װĽڡǻģΪԼ¶׽ˣƣҲ顣Ϊ˶һ㣬ƽݱ㣿Ѿõѵˣ᣿
ûʲǸɸɾġѩǣչһգİΡ
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ᣬΪΪݻ٣
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ᣬ̰壬Ϊйߣǡ̰ˣ
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֪Ҳ壬ÿһҹظִи֮ᡣ
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185¡үһ

⼸գīԵ
ҹľ޶ȣۡҲ֮ᣬǴʧϳ˲԰׾ֻʣһƬŨصĳ˼ơ
һڣͻȻоѡҲѣҲһجνڽ佫Լһţƴ󣬷Ȼ˿ǸϤİվſڣһĻյҹ
һĶӣǶ㣬ǿܣ˻ƵĿ޽СĺۣۼǵвûֻܱѹڴϣΪΪ
һҹ᳤ռ˶ңͣЪģ·ûͷ
ģģѼǲ˯ȥʱƣȥ
µһ쿪ʼ̫£ҹĻĽ٣ҲһһľڼȵȵĲУĿϣٶգĿǸߴӰٴγǰ
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˵Ǹɫпɵ˹Ҳ˵ʵδȥֻŭ˻ϣϴȥ乬Ⱳӣǳͷ֮ա
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˿ͣκ˲ÿǵطһ˵⡰κˡ棬Ҳڡ
˵ŮӵסؿأŮӵһһйŮڼӡ
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186¡ү

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᲻ʶأүֵֹġյһ㲻ͬᣬﲻһء
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֪ˣ˼򵥵ĲɫûʲҹҵëҲûжһһɫ쵡
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ʵ˵ˣÿ춼ʱԷĶҶٶٶԵĺá
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ٶһ̾ʶĵͷԴʪ͸ĽëЩ졭òã
īһҡģƭֻǣѣƭĹԼСһһáҲáһҲá
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ϱл硰žĴ֮ᣬأһЦҾ֪һеĸֽ˼򵥡
Ҫ˼ڹõĲˡΪ˷֦ͷʲֶζʹˣҲ룬Լû˵




187¡ġС¡һ

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Ͻı鿴֮ɢȥԳһЦʵʸ˵ϾԴģҡ
īһ㣬Щ֮⣬ҡͷǣҪүæģүǺˣԴӦңҡ
ˣַ·ǣϹǣǳǳ˸ӣˣΪϧ͵ңȴãѣ᣿᣿
ҡīкһʹ˼£Ҫ뵽еĴ̾һһģۿҲʼɬɬʹĻشǼȴҲǳʵ֪Ҳ֪
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188¡ġС¡

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ȵ۵⣬̫׵ġ޷Ϊǻµ۹һŻΣ޷ȨջֵǽС׵ģȵ۴˾á
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195¡

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196¡ҹ롰˽ᡱһ

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197¡ҹ롰˽ᡱ

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198¡׽͸һ

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199¡׽͸

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ڵģݿĵݣײһСĴ졣
ᣬΪͷͣٵһĺɨĺҪȥҵĻӴˣͻȻרϷһȣԱڹ֡СףʣĻǶ˵᣿ĻǴȥأӡ




200¡ԭ

һ׺ݵǡ
˱࣬ĿҧĴǰζȻϢΣյĴӶᣬǰһѣ
ϵֱ۽ƵǰͭǽƵģľȫͼ
䣬Ѫζ˭ˣԼ
ֻ֪޴ۣؿڱĻţͿҪˡ
ı۾Ǻģݹһϱ㲻ɵҧ¡
оȦһһ̣ϵɣҲ˳
ؿڼٵĴϢǰؿ
ȴδſкǴһѪ¡
īŶһɫ¿еѪȣ߻ƶ
ͬմɫĴһֱϣӹֱͦıĶۡ
һʱ֮䣬ֻ˭Ҳûж˭Ҳû˵
źܿƽֻ̽⣬¹ǡһ죬һ⾭һݵԾ̶ͻĴ
£ڷ촽һ°׳£ᣬ΢΢һЦ
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һֻ־׼׽סĽǰȥ
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һûѹסһӴ˫֣ޱ˵㾡ԽеٴЩþһ֣Ƕһ㷿Щʲᡣ
īһ˿㲻龰ᡭ
Ӳ˽кֻò󣺡үҴˣҲˣҲҪӦˡҡʲᶼҪˡ
ŹֵĶ
ǣҴˣҲңԼģҴˣҲˣҲˡ
ʵҲ֪Լ˵ʲᣬֻãֹϴģԻȥ
£粻þδȻᣬһԵĿʼ¿ۣɢŭȴԵĸо
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ү
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Ҹ㣬Ů˿˾ᡣһñֵĺһ㣬Ӳʲṷƨүߣ
ıǼͷ׺ףʶĴ³ǵһԼϡ
īűˣµĳ˿δ
ᡭ

ԭһֱ
Ż˵ֵĻŻˡ
ԭԭԭ
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᱿أûзأԸȻġ
Ĵˣܶأһ˵ĻǱܶܲģһǺΪѵġ
£ֱ˶Ƕͷץסһ
ƵüûãЩԾ
Ϊϸϸİûµһûаſ˫󣬿ϸĸ첲άԭҲҲģûлӴ򣬸ûз
ɻ̧ͷͼƬСС´ݽҧסߵ۽ǻʪ˫峺ĺﲻϵӿϵ
ڿޡ
ĹҲѹ֣ؿŰ־Ľס
˸ƽʣʲ᣿
īѸٵıۣȴֹסʣûûСûпޡ
Ƭ̣ڣ᲻Ը
һ䣬ûлشˮӱպϵƤʪһϸܵĽë
˿̽䡣
ǲܲ㣬һĻ䣬ΪΪӡ
ץ㣬ָһһԥìܣӲ޷
㡭ٶ̧ͷĺ޺ޣҧгݵļ֣Ůˣ˵һ˦֣´ͷҲصĳ˳ȥ
ȥ֮ᣬȥãīʼûۡ
ƾңҲƾҹĺϮֽţƵϮͷҵĻһү̬ǳԴˣˣˡͬʱԼԴˣˣЩԸԼںСӡСӵȻСһ֪˵ĻҲͲӦˡҲ˵Сгɳģ仰˵鷽Ҳ¶ˣԸ鷢չҪˣΪѾ200ˣϸϸĻ֪Ҫ϶ˡᣩСӣү뽫JQ󵨵Űɡ




201¡ߣһ

⼸죬īֿʼһһķ
һ棬֮룬֮Ȼû˽òһϣ֮ת۾ϨˣٶȺХӿϣצֻǰˢһƬҰ
һ棬ҹκˣϯԡȥճ޷ͻ
ı飬УҲʵŵ֮⣬ίԼҪȥ룬һſʱʱ֡
ļЦŭ֮ɫЩĸӡĶ˵
īŲ֪ѹʲᡣľܾĪָأľٶѿڶġᡱ֣
ΣѹˡǼͿƲס⡣
ʵûƵʵ˽ΪǸˣҲһֱĴм
εү伯Ͼ¥Ǻ«ЦʱǵһγǺ«ζ𣬺óԵü
˵ȴ˯ͻڸʱġ˵õƤЦ͵ǰĪмܲסΡ
뵤ܣİοˣһšߵ̫סһƵĳΪ͵Ĺˣ˵̧žߣЩЦá
ȥݺݵĴһơ̺£֪Ǻãһ̣ˡ
ʩǿȣһϵеıмܲʹ޴룬ʱˡ
ÿһ֣ĳûиı״һݹУһůȴʵ
ΪʵĸܵжΪж˸мš
ĳһʱĳһ̣
ûоһвûоһȥ룬Ҳ֪
ػĮů٣ֻʣ룬Ȼԭںġ
ںԼĿں䳰ȷںϧĴ³ںȫȻ̬ͬȡҲںһ䡭ᡱ
׺ݵֻȴûо񡣵ʹʩǯƣ°ɫѪ𾪡·ʱͻͣͣҲأͿҪܡ
ģ˵Ĳֻһġ
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⼸죬˳Ժϵֻ¡
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һ죬Ϻȵĺиоһһȥúܲģһû˴ܣһ˾¥ֱʹȥ
۾ڣû
Ųմصĳ嵽ǰĵطŮ밲Ҳ
ġơ˷䣬ֻһһŮˡ
룬ǽһеδǸСŮӵǡһվ
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ī㶵ģһһף^Ϊŵˣ֣˹ȥ
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ܿԼߣһ漴ЦСӣ㲻ӭ᣿ϱʣ±˲ϯ㵯һãСӣ١




202¡ߣ

ǰˣۿҪ϶һֹֻסǰУҲĻ
ϣҪ֡
֣ϴӿɴֲۣ꺢ӣ֣ҲҪ٣Ҳ׼
^˿첽ȥīǰҪϣ㲻Ҫˡ
һĿԽǰӵļͶᡣǸݵ˴ȻǲԸ̧ͷһۡ
ᡭ͵͵һ㣬գգۣЦأûûǿȹ
ŵӡˣǰмӵ˼ǽﵱ˼
īŵؿһļ^̵־壬Ҳƽϡҵ˼Ҳɣ񡭡ƫͷȥһֻС֣תһһֵҵˡ
ˣϹЦһ᣿ȷ᲻
ˡ
^ѴҲЦӡ
ֵǸߴ˵иӣĬĶų˲ã^̾һĸϵ㲻£ҴδϡҲСˣ޾ҲˡȱŮˣҲиչ˵ˣҿҲʱ򡭡
Ҫĸѹңһķ꣬Ȼȥˡƣɢȥ࣬ʲҲȱԼչԼҪʲˣ
ģﻹĺչԼģ
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ѹ֣ѹз·𻹰˵ɬ޶˶˵ģīŵĺһ͡
кѣҵĵܵܿ˵Ź㷼İ֪үȢףλҪͷСīţ˵ǲǣ
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ġΪʲ

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İǡү




203¡

Ӱת뿪ûһһڷĵ
ƹ£Σ۾Ǳӣͣү˭أ
Ầ᣿ӣƵġ
Ϥī㶵ıӣԻ
ܹ𣿴ҹģ۾һͷִϢվ˸ˣķӦǺµİɣ
ŵúëֱˡ
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ʲʱģ˶ˣһҲδ
˵󡭡ֻ֪һˣ
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ǾãӼڴҲǲףŻûȴ͵Լֻ¡쵰Сʱһ죬͵͵תۿȥֻǰͷҲδ̧ؿСȡ߹㣬ɿĴϡ
ϤϤһ˿룬Ųӣȥ
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ǡ
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뵽īŲһɪ
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ϸɫӲȾκ죬ޱвһɣȥѵġ
һֱ˵ûƹ·ȫûз֣ǰվһ
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ȴǰա
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ոҲԽԽС˵ʲأö˶˵ǰⲻ˵ްģﻹһʣ
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Ҳѹޡڱ߳޾ڣῪĵģЦ
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ܲһɳأų̂ͤ¥ûиûʵķݡÿͣˬϡ֪ʲ᣿һûм
һﲻͣ٣һ߹۲ǰ˵ı飬ͷ޷ʲᣬͷԼϵĹţᱻƼ
¶ĸоͿһԡˣȼŮŮΧһ̸ЦߺȾơˣϲȾƣϲ裬ϲ衣ǳĺҲã츳ˣ̲ѧͻᡣľƼ㴼㲻ܶȣľһȥҪˡˣڹҲԹЩɽ亣ζˣûмһֻڻϿģС
Щ˵ȥˡأϲǰ˰㷴Ӧޡ
ʧЦҡͷʲ᣿չ֪Ů᣿ӵĹճһ棬Դ˵Ӧ




204¡Ĵ

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ЦǣͷĵȻЦǣǰһһ¶ЦǣΪͷΪ֪ӦΪ˽ţЦǣ뵽ңԶᡣ뵽飬оһ˿ڴһ˿ϲ
Щ㣬ЦǣԼЦеԳЦ⽥ֹУԼʳһ䣺㲻Ը⣬᣿
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ûԶĵطʲӣûвһ
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ûֻƽīš
˵ûдڼ£ʹ
ڸִ˲ڸֻʹĻ䡣񣬳ˡ¡֮⻹ġ
裬ˡүĺãүĸı䣬ᣬڲ֪жѱǣҡװǣ޷װ֪Ҳ޷ӡ

Ҳ׵Ļ࣬ҲδʮֵĶ¡ʲ飿ʱʹʱԣ顱İһһŬҪ֪Щû˿԰Ҳ֪ˣ̣ΨпԼ
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ү˵񡢳衢裬пһȤһ֣һܺóԵġ
ллүԸңԸߡ˶٣һ˵úᣬҲллү˵ᱣҡ
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ĪƭܵʲôɣббƳһۣս㲵ģûšٲҲǸү֪ˣ˾ͳҼ䷢Ƣ಻ҶٰٸһȥҲãֻ
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һ꣬Ǽ꣬ʮ꣬ʮꡣʱ㻹ǵ᣿˵ʱˡ




206¡Ҫ

Ĵʧ
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207¡ҹһޣ΢

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208¡ҹޣ΢

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209¡ҹ

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210¡ȴ

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213¡С

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ʱΪǿˮڹĿˮδڶ
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214¡ҹ

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ò̡ȥүסһæΪҩүδˣԺ䣬ʵһ仰ǣˣ

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ڲδֻ˵ͷű߿ˡī죬ƬԥСƿµһţ̧ż
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220¡ȥ

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221¡ȥһ

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222¡ȥ

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223¡ȥ

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224¡

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232¡

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ڶգٽīױ̨ǰɽִΪٵױ
ĪЩأһ㣬ԴڲϿ
ˣԸߣڼֵſڣŶ˵֣ҲǧﾡڲУۿתȥ
ǰīȥ衣Ĳ࣬߶⣬ճҲһ
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㿴Խ˵Խˡ￴ԹǶٱ㷹ˣأҾһ֣ҳǴĻҺ⣿ľĺڣ~
ЦϣǺ⻵⣬ҵô֪ʵѵá
ﾪȵһüҵѵõǼ˳̬ˡ
ϣ˵檿ɲ~
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233¡磨һ

Цˣ￴ϯӣպĽΪ˵أ㿴Ҫл
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ȥ۲Ŵ󷽷Ҳ˾ƺ£˿ˡ
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234¡磨

žƱ棬ʱ˼Ѻۡ
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235¡磨

Ϊֵ˼϶ܳ룬δˡＥһЦ
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236¡磨ģ֣

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