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    Ƿھʮǽг´ꡣ18Ϊ֧Ԯƶ־걻ŵ̫ɽһ¹ĵط¾ʹ￪ʼˣ
    ϵĸŮˡҲɩࡣǿȡûɹ汻һĸжˡXXOOԭҲΪϹҲɡڶXXOOɩɩĸŮȫաǰдļϬ
    ǿǰ46ǿ̫ˬˡıʾXXOOд·侳ҴɫǶԹŮֵʱдĺϸ塣ͻڵĴHġûʶ졣һѾͿʼXXOO




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    ¡汾˵

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    ϸĿܶ汾о46ǰ½ڿԭ˴дһǴӵ047¿ʼġǰҵ˵ԭ47غ48أ˲ţ47غ48ҲǣҲǣԱϡԭֵĵ047º½ھһΪ˴дˡ
д˭˵ĸĳдģҲЩ˵ľдΪǷ֡˶ཿ롶¡֮Ȼֲ֮ͬĹȴͬġ¡1-214£걾ʵ50-214²ǡ˶ཿķ档½Ҳͬѹ˾Ͱѡ˶ཿ롶¡˵һˡҲľ
ô˵¡˿Ǿͻϸĵķ֣ʮºıǰвͬҲƵĺԶˣӦΪдġҸоľûıϸ塣ҺдЩдĳܴ
ǰϢ˵㽭֪Ƿҥԣʵôʮº½ھһΪ˴дˡ




    

·ھʮҽг´꣬ʱʮ꣬Ϊ֧Ԯƶ־걻ŵ̫ɽһ¹ĵط
¹ǸСطƴĵطʮ˼ңһ׿ʯ·ᶫطСشҪ壬Իֵġ·ĸɲڽš¹ҵĵһоһС򣬹ӵ磬ʱĽĴ̣ټɽеǹʿһеһУ;ƣ
ˣ¹
ɲָСֱߵһšſţһͥԺһµ¥ϱ޵ǺݶƮ
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һһʮӺͷˣһۿȥһʵˡã´ͬ־ллĵҽн¹򳤡ҵȵˣǲһ·˰ɡ
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࣬С꣬ͬ־֡
ЦЦ֡
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ɲǺ˼䣬ˡ
С꣬ң
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ҺܾȣԭΪҪסдġ
ϵһæԺҵ֣
߱˵ҼסҼң°෽㡣
Ǿллˣ磬ԺҪˡ

߰˷ӣ͵˽ļң߲ԶСֱϡ
ƿԺţԺĺԺʽķӡ᷿᷿ټϱ᷿᷿䣬мһǿáԺпھһˮ
࣬ϱĳ´ˣæö
᷿˵
䣬һ˵Ӱ᷿ſڡ˶ʮ߰꣬һңɫ׾Ƥϸ壬ȥ׼һٸһۺɫĽһɫļϥȹһ˫Ьһѩ׵СţŮ˵š
һĿһ죬Ǹʲôĸ˰ֱ˼벻ɽҲôòŮӡҷ·еƣͶɢˡ
˼Ҳ극ոϢСеġ
˱˵˹
˴ӽнӹңࡣǸġҽ࣬ǽţ¹ơ
˵ݸһЦ
ҡҽг´꣬ԺͽСɡ
Ц˵ý
࣬ȥЩˮˣôôȡСȥ᷿źáȥС
˵żҴҵ߽᷿
ߣ⸱С
ص
ɡ
֪ģͷӿһϧ֮飬Ҵù
ͷ˶᷿һ䲻ӣиид̨д̨и̨ӣδδšд̨ԱǸʽ³ӺСǸ˵ĵһӡȴࡣ
ңҰźá
ùҵߵߡŵ¡
վĲ󷽣ÿɫȹԲΣﲻһ˿Բƨɡ֪ȥо
һ˲䣬һ˷ӿɼ䡣
æתȥﰵԼ޳ܣôôŮ˾񹫹һ飿Ϲˣ
ͬʱһȴ˵ȷʵƯĸϲŮӺϡ˰ɣΪжУıԡ
źãת˵С꣬ԺסҪﵱԼѽ
ǣɩӣҽĽ̻壡
һ˵
ãҾͽСӡҪ
ȻһЦ
˵ּ䣬᷿˽ĺ࣬С꣬ˣСˡ
ˣˡ
æĻش




    



    001

һգۣҵ¹ѾˣСϵǽϤҽϰÿ쳯壬ͳϰûʲôҾԼԶ볾һһԴСܴӣǶͬҲ˹ʣ޺ͻͷ˺ѡǶǽĽַھӡ
иͬİãϵԺͷӡ
ͷʲôżҵĹŮǰ˸˶ӣʲôҵϱڸʱ͵ȹ¡ǵӰ£ҲͷʵڡԺŵ˵ͷҵʦʱǸ㲻ͷôɫºЦϣ˵úظÿһνʱҵ϶Ӳġ
ҲѾԵʣҲͷԴ̣֮ҶŮԽԽȤˡͬһµˡ࣬ȻȻسҵ屻ѹĽ
ҲǻԵɺϣڿ壬ǿ˸һࡣ
Ϊ֣ϢʱȻһϰ࣬ʱ仹ģ°ʲôġ˰࣬ûʲô£һֱӻصס
룬ûʲô£Ҿͻȥˡ
ƿԺţԺﾲģģԺûʲô˵ġߵǰˮͰҪˮȻ򳤵ҴһѹֵĵͽУҪ
һӽ򳤼ʲô£èߵҵĴ̨ǰ͵͵￴Ϊ죬򳤼ҵĴø͵Ļᡣ
϶￴ȥ·ţҪҰɣ
һһߺšʱĳѱѵʣˡ
㲻Ҫƫô
ţϵȴ˯õġ
ţû취ҵȲˡ
Ŀӡѩ׵Ĵ¶˳
˫ȼ䣬ǿһ
֪ģһͻеģһСҽʱߡˡ
ڽĸĦ֮£˵϶벻Ҵʱڴ⿴ǡ
Ķ°˸⡣
һ˲䣬ҴľҿʮҴδĶ׵ģڵģģǰһƬҡ
ȵһعʱҲѰԼѹˡ§ģù
ȻɱֵúܺãΧܱ׼͹͹ðİ͹ϵЩŮеһƴСİ̺ۣʸɽӦò
ڴϣס鷿һਡޣ㣬ǸСˣ㲻ϣҽʱɣᳶŽĶʡ
ţѾʪˣҵžǺãһŪˮˣ
㲻Ҳź˼һڣͱһˡ
ŪŽ
ţҪˡ
˵ŷѩ׵ǿĴȣ϶׼ʪһͿ˽ȥһ£û
Ŷ
౧Ž˿Щ
䣬ֻĸɿˡ
ţ
ץͦ壬塣
ϹҪˡ졭
ҡͷ˫ֽץסĺ󱳣ץһѪӡ
Ҫͷ͵İ˳׶͹ԣ˸Һ壬ѴҿľҲסԼӲ϶
ţһ¡
յߣðĿ˵ˣ֪㲻Ը⣬Һ룬ʹӦһΰɡ㲻˵ЩôһҺܿͽˡ
˶һһģ·Ҷŵɧζ
üͷſӣС˱һ£æͷȥˣ˰ɣ¸ʹȫ˰ɡ
ʱȻǹĳ̡
ม̫ˡҪˡ
෢һʴǵ
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Ҫͣ
౧Žƨƴ̧·ҪѰʲôʧĶֻͽ͵Ų
һѽӣóͷֽĨĨ·ˡڴһɷ˵ղͷһŮѧҪԵġ
ڴĻ˻֣ţ˯ɡ
ҿˣæèһСܣӳԺӡ
˼֣Ҽװ°࣬ƿԺšֻһɫĶһɫƽŶ̿㣬˸ۺɫΧȹվˮǰϴˡ
ɩӣˣ
ߵԱߺк
ѽһĿڣҪôУ
ллɩˣɩãɩڣٿҲԸġ
Ĩǲǣֲ˵ǳкӻŮӻġ
˵ҿɲˣȻ֯Ҳᰲˡ
ڲ룬ôô°ˣ
ɩӣֲǲ֪һûµĻҿߵġ
Ұϴ
˵˵Ի䣬ˮߺһϴˡ
Ҳ֪ǷϴĹϵ˵ģȥرˣ۴Ŀ
㿴ʲôַ
ҵϸеһˮ⣬ԭˮ˦ҡ
ңûɶڿ絽û
ҹҶ
Ŷ
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Ϣȥɣ㡣
ɩӼסôЩ죬ҲҰЩģϴҲС
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Сģ磬֪˯
һ߳ŲҶһ˵
ˮҶ֪ûĵطֻĿģ޳ֲ֣ʱıҵ֣ҲȻ˸ղ͵龰°˱仯ֱʵ޼ڡҵ϶ʱʮ׳һǳġҵҲ̵ģ֪ôźá
ôˣǲǷգ
࿴Щִ֣˴ҵĶͷ
ýһ츾˵˱ǶʹҵӵͦΡҲ̲סˣǰһվֱͦôĿ貿һҪһ㣬һңҵʱһ߶ʱоٳٶ۵Ҳ᲻֪Ϊʲôһˡ
˲ʱ˺ʯħסˣڵĺ
ž
һұ಻᲻صһ⣬ô㶼ѧˣ
ɩӣһʱ嶯ҶԲ㣡
űʹİͷɥ
·һǺεشԭأһʱҲ֪˵ʲôá
ҵĵӱ
ʱԺ⴫ʵԱĽ
ޣˣˣ
ӦΧȹĨĨԺſȥñֽȥˡ
æŲ·ӻԼķ䡣˷䣬Ϸţڴϣ֪²ô졣᲻ͽ˵
ʼԺơţҾ˯ˡ
С£ˣ
⴫˽
ҳǿŵûͽ˵ղŵ¡æӦޣˣˡ
򿪷ţ᷿һڰԳԿˣСһ𣬽һһʣʣһȻҵġ
ʮ꣬˵Ҳ򳤣ǰСµԱܶ쵼ʶֻ۾˰ϣУϹŴ򳤵λʱλøԼĶӡҪȻƾˮƽǵ򳤵ġҪ˵еǺãûʲôȴǮ٣ȢƯš
͵ˣ
˵ŸҵһˣҪ֣Ȼ˫ѾϹˣʱϹԼȴһСѽӵܿˣôЩǵķ˲֪ԲԵùߣ
һڣԵùߵģʵϼҳԵҲǺܺõģӾСҴ裬ͰҵԼĺһɲҪˡҿǰﵱԼҵġ
ҳԡ
Դš
ҵͷŷһ࣬һԵĳš
ɩӵվǺã
ҳԵúӣԺͷĳʦˡ
ʲôõģһļҳˣԾͳԡ
һۡ
ܿͽˡСǣ̻ȥˣ˯һΪ۾ϹˣԺŮ˯һ𣬿иӦ
һص˶᷿ڴϣ˼룬ɩûкͽ˵֤ңңҳϸԺʲôҪɲһʱ嶯ҲǶһ£ͳһ⣬˵ҪϴɻȥɳġɣܻеģһҪõ㡣
ţԺȫЦա͸˵壬ɢųŮ˵㣬ںڵëӶǣ˯




    002

ڶ죬˸磬СҪȥ档ʱʶ¡ɩӣأһȥ
ͳˣҴЩҪô
ǣС֣ԶԶģһ䱸顣
Ҳãˣ´Ҳˣ˲С˹Ǹˣһذɡ
˵
壬塣Ҫԭʲôҽԭ㡣
ʱСԱ߲˽´ҳȥ档
ˣˡСԭ㣬²Ϊ
óభСԱߣ˵ʲô˵˼䡣˵֣
ң඼һ칫Ұ칫Ȼңͬһ칫ңÿ̧ͷͷ˷ǲľ飿ʱҵĿαװʱƣֿʼ˵ЦˣеʱҿЦ
һ죬ȥ칫ˣڿС˵飬ʵеģóʼǱͿһ쿴ͽΣ滭˴ͼ˵ǴͼʵͿѻ֮ʡһۻǿԿһʲô
úһԱһһϿʫԵɨŽʼΪ
һòֺʱι
һһæذѱʼǱϡ̧ͷһԭڶд̨ǰЦĶ˵С꣬ڻʲôôѽ
ڻɽˮ
Բԡ
øҿ㻭
ƣС
вУ㲻ܿģһòÿ
顣
˵ÿƫҪ
һʼǱ˿

࿴һĴͼдʫһһ糺죬벻һửЩС꣬㿴㣬˼ʲôϣ㻹СЩ㲻ġ
һСҶʮˣʮĶǡ
һĲ
ŶСǵϱˡ
Цһ֦ҲС갡һˣɩӰҰɡʲôģ
ҪҾɩôƯܸɵģɩûͺˡ
֪ģ仰ѿڶ
һ˲䣬칫ѻȸҺ໥ţһ΢֮˭û˵
ɩӣѱʼǱҰɣ
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ߣСС;£Ժ֪ʲôˡ
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һ϶ˮţˮϴͷɩӾС
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СӣΪҲ֪յװȻҼϷɩӣҲ㽭ȥ
ЦЦؿҡ
вһվӸҪ߹ȥ⴫˽Ų˰칫ҵļžˡæ˻ȥֻذѱʼǱŵ˳
һʱӣ̲Ĺš࣬Ǻǰһ롣Ϊûлõʱȴˡ
ϣڽϴһЩ񣬻ؼЩʱѾˡ᷿ĵƻţһ˺žƣܸ˵ӡ
ˣһơƣС£һ
ʲôôˣ
һ˸߲ҵӣҲɵ֡
Ҫˣ԰ҵȥѧϰ£
˿ھƼ˵ֵܣúøɣҵľģľҵģһϵơ
ãףո
Ұơһ룬ѽľҵģǴɩɶʱһأ
ɩأôԷ
СԺˡɩӣˣһ˵Ҫѧϰݣ˵СִҪȥԡͷʶ̡
ǸĵɷԼʲô⸱УȻĻпܵõҵĽأﰵԸˡ
Ǵɶʱȥ
Լ˱ơơ
һܡܿģݺܿͻȥģò˶Ҿͻġ
ѾЩ⡣
ˣˡ磬ٺȵ㣬ˡ
ܿ죬һˣ׼ʱȥͽʱĲˣȴ˵ĸˣԤеЩʲôҲԤеʲôô˰ɡ




    003

һ˽һֱĵ°ʱһֱ˷֮Сò׵ȵ°࣬Ļص˼໹ûҾֱ߽˳˷¨ϴϴϵĴˮͿʼڳ
˵ʵϼǸӣҲôϼõúשһο˵ǴϽΣͷһ⡣
ΪҵĿ꣬ˣʲôҶ˳Եġ
ͷ󣬰ѲŽۣȼ˲𡣻Ļ͸ӳҵӡûãԺŵˡųűˣ˽
ͷڵģֿͷͷ󺹵ӣԵľһ£ԭһΪСء㵽ǳĻӣô֪
ɩӣʲôˮûټӻӣճķ϶óԡ
˵Ҳԣҷ
û˵㷹յòã˵Ӧշղ˲Ŷԡʡˣˣˣա
˵ӣӱЩ˵Ժϴȥˡ
ֲ˲ͷϵĺˮˣԭȣ˵ˡûҾͺ䤱ˡ
һѲϴ˽ͷ󺹵˵㿴㣬ȳҸŪë
촩һɫȹֵĵ֣ʵ˫̲סץһѡ
ڵϣë󣬴ǶȣÿβȹµİɫǿҸҵëˣ°û취˭ʮСءȻֻһװ̿㣬ţҵʧ̬
ʺëתߵǰëǰһݣһźİֱ¶ǰһ°ɡ
ҽӹëϺҲ˲ëݻֽӹëһɲǣĵײ֪һһץס֡ͽɫɡ
ͨ죬Ҫʲô
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Ļء
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㴽ǣ˫ýġһץסȹ·˶ƨɣһ£˫ҲЩƨɣ̵¡֣ղշʱ򻹾ûȣ㱧ʱȴǺˡ
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ҵͷݣһ˲ҵԺһͷҧô죿
ҵĵǶģûʲôķӦϸϸţò⡣˫ۣ˫Ҳ˵ֿתץסҵĳҽһ˱ͷ˷Ӧ˫ֱҵͷҲʼҵͷ˫ü΢΢߳žӨ顣ʱѾͷԣĸܡ
ȹһ֮̽䡣һ㱡ĲƬסǰĲǿ㡣ǿҼоָƬ֮УһýڰۣѾʪһƬָãҪһʱץסҵ֡ôء
¿õȴҼŰָǵشȥë׵һƬڣоģָһ죬ָһӽȥˡ﷢˺ߵһ˫ֽץסңԸҵǡ
ʱҰѱסͷֻɿˣҪȥ˫塣ΪҾ鵽һѾ󹦸ɣ϶Ҹ˽ҵķӦԿ
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žһְһǶ⣬ϻʹҵϣಢûдˡ
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ΪʲôҪôңҶѾʮˣʮ갡ô˰
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һĺ촽ҲҡɩӣҪ档
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ʱڿ®ɽĿ׷۵ƨɣƬۺɫƬ΢΢ſխСⶴѾʪյˣװɫˮĭҰָһ壬ָĳ巢ˮ
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˵ţбڰϣȹ濪ȣʪһƬ¶˳ͦ׼ڲ˹ȥҵһûо飬ȻʪһͿһȹŶ롣
ҵĶͷϽ˺ˮи˵˵Ƿﶼ磬һŮſȵ壬㶼岻
ʱ·𿴳ҵľסҵ˴׼һ⣬ҵƨɡ
оͷ׼һȥĵطˮһӿİʾ£þȫһͷһƹض룬ֻһС档

ҺͬʱСԶ϶ǣҲˬŽеģΪҵһͷϵİƤһȫϷʹŽеġ
ĶĶ˷ܵ˵ɩӣ濪ģڵõˣڽˡ
סңૣѽڵõˣ㿪ˡ
ұƨɣʼѧŽ͡ĺó
෢һǵʮ£ģԸоõˮһɹɵ˳η˰ϡȥʱڵѹȣټϱůΧһҪĸоֺЩһ
ɩӣҪ򡣡
ҳˮ˵
𣬱ߣɩ֪ô£ٲ
౧סҵƨɲ֡
ֲ˽ȥ塣ɩӲˡ
˫ֽץסҵļ򣬡ɩ߳ˡ
ֻһس鴤գһҺůֱڹͷϡ
ҸоͷһĸоʱֻԺѽһˡ裬һؼˡ
һͯԺ
æһƣӲش˳žһҵСϷһ¡
죬㵽ͷȥֻίһˡ
ǿӰ˳ְһĨһӰְȹһߣǰϴĲˣߵ棬ĵװ̿ܵͷ󡣴ңܵͷ棬̶̼ӣõʯݡ
Ҷͷ棬ҵذװ㴩ãȻӲʪû취ֻš
ʱС˵ŮѲϴһ¡
裬Ұźãٰϴ
С˵߽˳ʱѾµȼ𣬿ʼշ
С壬շ
Сң˵ʲôСѽ
ʲôֲ֪ġ㻹Ȱźðɡ
ʱ˽
õģͰźá
С˵ߵ˰ǰ
ףʲô裿
Сָһ̲ɫˮ״ࡣ
⣬ǡ
һʱ˵
һԭˮ״Һʱˮæ̨˿Ĩ߹ȥޣǸղʱСĴ򷭵ġҰȥ
˵ǰ¶ɫذĨһ顣
Ͼһ꼶ĺӣСҰĨһ󣬾Ͱһţתͷ˵裬Ұϴȥ
˵žͺߡ߳ʱͷһۣҶ˸м
һСʱǾͰѷȫ׼ͣСȥ̳Է
ڰԶС˵
һٹС߳Ȳرס࣬һסӡ˼伫ƷȻӣȥǵʮ㡣ҪС꣬žҪˡ
ЩҵĿ⡣
ǣ֣ҵ֮䡣ôţ
ܳԾ
ҲܣⶼɩӺģҪɩ⡣
ӡ
㣬ԩҡɣʮһ֮ҵ㷿ţҪңɱ˯Ű
Ҷͷһ¡
ðɣҵ㡣
ô˵㣬ִٵһ£ߵӵһߣΣ




    004

ԺԼСݡţ򿪻Ƶİ׳ƣڴ϶붯ַͷ·һĻʵ̫̼ˣڵóԸõࡣԺȫӰѩ׵ƨɣխһеһУ˷
ӿ㶵óǿãһͨİɫڿ㣬մʪˮȻѾûУڿõм䲿λһ̲ɺԵˮϡɼ
սڱǼţŵʲôζƵġ
̫ˣɩӣҵġ
ĬĬ롣
˾ŵӣϴɣɩӸˡ
롣߳䣬ԺõͰһͰˮʼþˮϴ˻͸ԺϿǶҲɵøпǧԵǸĶڰǰҾ벻һ¹λɽС򣬸벻¹򳤽ŷϵ
Ժﾲģҵķ䣬ͽķƻţ֪ʲôǲǺһ˼ǧ
ŽĴͻȻֳ嶯Ҫ߹ȥһࡣһѹסҵΪٹһСʱͻᵽҵߣֺαؼһʱأ

ʽ̨׼ʱʮһҴӴһµһֻ᷿šѽ΢һŽŲ߽ҵķţ֪ˣæȥš
һһϤƢվſڶ΢΢һЦһ֣ɩӣҺòײŵȵڡ
ĺˣ˵㣬϶ġ
೯ȻһЦֱߵҵĴ¡
ҹţԡһۺɫ˯ȹ˯ȹϲ¶һƬ۵زĺ΢һסϸ§ڻһ°ͣϸ
ʮ꣬һŮ졢ʱ򡣺һɽŮһϵļˮۣ·ָƣһӣС콿Σų츾һеţҿò
ҵʲôÿģɻˡ
ҿᳶ˼ҵĶ䣬˵
ѽѽɩӣ㣬ҵĶ䶼Ҫ㳶ˡ
װǻơ
ðҶˣˡ
װӡ
ʲô
û෴ӦҾͰһ°ϯϣˡҺһ𣬲ǡ촽ģͷʪʪģҰ촽
쵽ҵסһڡᣬôأʹ
ʹһԷȭҵǰ
ס֣ɩӣأ֤жô㡣
ˣ֪㰮ңȻҲˡ
˵ڵĺˣæŤһߡ
ҳӣһִ鷿鷿ܴ󣬵Ǻеԣһֻղ¡·񫣬Ķߵɩӣǰ·˰ɡ
˵ͷ
Ұ˯´ϥǴáϵ֧ӣźƵ˫֣Ұ˯˳
洩һ׺ɫ£ɫ֣ɫǿ㣬еԭ׾ƤǾӨ͸Եýʴǡɩӣÿ
˵ҰֽˣһԷͦ鷿¶˳ͷ׺档ס鷿ʹץѩ׵鷿ָＷ˳
ม
һҡ
ϯϣͷȥһǣһָŪͷҵĸŪ£ӣǴҵͷסеһʹਡ
ֻ˼ͷǲСʱˮ㣬Ҫﲹѽ
ЦĻ֦Ҳ
ѽҾҪɩӵ̡
̧ӣЦ˵˵߰Լ˸⡣
ѽֲøղڳһĹͰŪô
ָȦҵһһµŪšҼӵ࣬һֻֿʼݵ졣Ѿȫʪ͸ǿȥǻ֡
ǿ㣬ȫĳҵǰëʵǣںڵһƬȥġҰĴȴ򿪣Ƭˮģ˸ӵĹâ΢΢ſ·ʲô
ýųſ˫ȣſȥ
ɩӣҪ㡣
ߵ
ˣȥɣҲҪ㡣
һסҵ׼ʪڣһҵƨһ¡
оͷһʪȵС֪ҵĿꡣǰһͦ󡱵һ죬һİϤءݵĸоǺüˡС꣬ɡ
౧ҵ˶ƨɡʥּһǰһس
ҵĳ壬ԽԽʪŢʪأ졣ұ߳Ķɩӣ±ʪ

ﲻ㺦ࡡࡡ
˫ֽͦʹ͡󣬹󣬡
ϻˮ쳹СݡýΣС΢ţ˵С꣬áɩҪҪ߳ˡ
ʱֻеͷһҪĸоҪˡ̧ͷ˵ɩӣ̫ˣҪ˰
˵ҲƵش
ɣɡȫɩɩ
βͣͦ𣬡ɩҪˣ
ͻȻоסˣӹͷܸе鴤ɩӣˡ
ĸоڵ˼㣬Ҳƴذ壬һɹ̵ľҺֱޱڡ
·ȫþƵģſϣһڣȡ
ڽˣС꣬ˣ𣿡
౧ҵͷؿҡ
ɩӣ̫ˣڵõˣǼûߡ
ͷŪš
ߣҾֵѽ֪뷨ҾͶ㼸ˣͷ

֪ɩ᲻õġ
ͷͷЩӲ
Ҵ̧Ѿƣ˳óֽ׼ɨս
ֿĴȣޱسҵǰĴСԾҵţʪġ΢΢ſһ̲һҺ
ɩӣʲô
ָǿʪָڵİɫ״ʵ
ǸϹޣղֱҪ򣬴ľⶫ
סҵ˼£Ů侫ľҺŮ˵ӣʮ£ͻСˡ
ԭҶˡɩӣһҪ򡣡
ḧŪ£ҵһδ
һſȥҲ˲ûи壬ͼİ׼ʪڲ˽ȥﻹҵľҺټ߳δˣ沼ˮҲѴ֮һ嵽סΪһΣоһôУҳ˫ǳͣоů
Ŷ㵹ָ찡
ֱ߳ҵȼˣšסҵѩ׵ƨҵĳš
ؼӿ˳͵ٶȣ󡢹󡱵ˮ·ڿҵĶѾû֣ԽԽůֻ͡ȵİҵӸǡҽסƨɣʹǰﴭŴɩӣ𣿡
ಢûлشң˫ֻҵβƴ϶
꣬ꡱˮڶҿܵǽ׵ŷͦ
ҳ°һͦһ߸ࡣֻ糺죬˫΢գִٵغšı飬ҵ¶һࡣͦ鷿ҵ˶ǰҡڡǵ廥ײëһҵĳ鶯˸˵ˮ
С꣬ɩӡɩӡ˰Ҫˡ
ӺСˮһץסҵĺ󱳣βӭңӭҵĳ塣
Եı飬ĽֱعסʱʹҲ̲סģοͷࡣʹϲ壬ʼ˿ŵĳ͡
Ҫ߳˰
·þȫƵİƨҵһҸеһ鴤һΡ漴һˮͷ£ֱͷ
ſٵĳֻͣһĿвϵشϴϮеĿ۳һɺӿƿǶ
ɩӡҲˡˡ
ıסƨһһŨֱ
꾫Ҵòֽ˾ӵһ԰ϡ
С꣬ҵԩҡ
ḧҵӣɩӱӣԺɱƲɩӰôɶԲ㽭ġ
ɩӣҺĵģǽ㣬Ÿᡣ
Ķ
֪ԺǰҪ־룬
วĦҼʵؼ̫׽Ȼñ˿Ƕ군ˡ
̨һ
Ӵ˯ȹɩӻȥˣҪϰġú˯ɣǧ˵
֪ɩӣ֪֪֪֪ټϸ֪
ڴЦ˵
ߣ˱˻ԣ´βˡ
ཿ˵ųŶȥ
ҹϵƣһṤͺ˯




    005

มมม¹ϲ֪˭Ĵ󹫼ֽпˣҴӴ𣬿˿̨ӡӣɻɡ
ȥ
һȴ๾ؽпˡû취ֻˡ򿪷ţߵԺˢϴ
᷿ϵĴ̣֪Ѿ𴲡ʱӦڳ緹
ǸڿŮˣԺҲҾиˡ
š
߽᷿벻ȴڣͷѾƣ緹Ѿˡʢ࣬ڰԳųţԺﲻ࣬¡
֪ڸɶȥɣŸչ㡣
뵽ЩӦҲסˣ°ȵˡ
ԺѾԺСһƬӣ᷿ſţûмڽȥߵԷĴ⣬͸ķ϶ȥڻ·˯ȹֻվ³ǰƤǰ͹̣Ҳ̲סˣʱҵѼȳѪֱ
ŵ߽᷿ӱ߿ǽǸ̫ʦΣǽҽӴ˵ĵطǽһţǽңСͽģݾģСͽ軹û𴲣ݵţƿ˽ȥ
ףأ
಻ڣҲɰԾȣղڻ·İôһգ۹ĸѼˡ
һܣİȽϼ򵥣ϴǸɳǸʽĺľǸӣϱǸʮĴĲʵ磻߿ǽǸʽĺľ³³ͱǽ֮һһ˶ߵ֪Ͱ¶ûרŵ䣬Ǻõģ˼߲ûС
ɣôɣѵ෽ȥˣ
Ҵš
ʱ洫һˮŮСʱеþʫݾǴС̣һֻеѪų塣
ҿǰ˽ȥϣȻС㣬Ͱϣֻи֣ǿ㱻СϣҴ濴ȥÿݵ鹵СڵһƬ
࿴ҽȥһʱûӦͰһĿԣǰʵ
ʲôȥʲôʱС֪ˣ
عæһָǺͰһǿվ
ôŹǰأûѶ̿ȥһץס֣һְڻ
Ҫ
Щʧ룬С꣬ǵġ
һץסƨɣҼѹӲֱֱͦͦĶСϣӲֱȡ

಻ɵһСУվȣæ˫ֻסңһʱ糺죬ͷҵǰ
Ұ䴦ǿȥ˫۷·ƵƾΪΪѵ֣һԷ鷿˽ţΡΡҫļͦ˿޴ƣȫһţһֻĸȴҵķ䡣
һס飬˼£ۺɫͷʼرӲ
ɩӣ˷˰
ҵƤذͷ˰
ûءҪ
Ѿ˷ܣȴҪװ
һĶһ߰ȥָëƬⴽϷһ״СѾسѪ˵˷ܡָ˼¡
ᡭ㡭
Щץסҵ֣Щ
ҵָǰʳָһ壬ټЩ飬ڱЩʪġʳָסڣͣûҵָϾĨһǡ

һƹ΢΢ſЩԷҵĸ
оĬҲɵüӿָȺٶȡ

˿ظŶ̿ץסҵŪ
ɩӣҪ㡣
¶̿㣬¶ֱسࡣ
û취ûҪ
ҡͷЦһ߼ŪҵǵȥҪ죬һŮžҪģŮڼÿ϶ҪҪҰͷġ
˵ƿ˳ȥӰεظͷ
ڴڣƨɳ⣬ѩ׵ȴţȵĽ洦һƬŨܶëʪһƬǼƬѾ˷ܵóѪһ͸ˮ˳ƨϯϡ
С꣬Źϡ
ָָС˵
ȥˣɩӣҺܿͻġ
Ұֱͦͦ׼ʪڣƨǰһҡһʱоһůʪĸоΧ
ץʱ侫
౧סҵƨɣҵ±ߴ
ޡ
ʥֱּסƨɴ
ҵĴ֮£鷿Ҳų͵Ľһǰһҡţ۶ˣ۶ǰ׻һƬ
ʮ£ֻԽԽʪҵĳͣͣط󡢹󡱵ˮ
Ұ˫ȸڼϣͷȥֻҵšһ飬ͱ˳һ壬ͱ˽ȥҵҲѾʪ͸沼Һ˸˵ˮ⡣
ҽӿ˳͵ٶȣһԽԽ죬һ¶ֱ嵽϶оҲԽԽȡ
ɩӱյ̹
ָҵƨԽץԽ
ģҵĹͷĸоֱ֪Ҫ侫ˡ
ɩӣҪˡ
ҵͷĶԵ
ɣС꣬ȫɡ
ſҵƨɣסҵβһɸͣ
Ҫչҵسʱѽһһ¡
СҪˡ
һӦæ˳һڴϵһײײܵͷҳ
裬ˣӰɡ
С˵˽
ָ촽ϣʾҲҪСڷ㣬Լɡ
ŶС
Ų֪ôСӰɡ
Һɳڿý˴ƵļٺԼšҵǱֱţմˮȴ޼ƿʩ֣һϹסˡ
ҪʲôֵİָҡҡһֻƾңʾС棬ǲټȥġ
ҵͷϣҸһ㲼Ů͵˷ҽסϸ¸˿а⻬ϸƤ촽ѹӣС죬ͷƴꡣ
·ҵĸȾƵģνĵֿ˫ֻסҵĲӣſ촽˱ҵ⡣
һжϢ֮нСһץסĴȣذѴ̧ڴϣھ¶˳һԾɻġ
̧̧ƨɵһ½Ƕȣһְǿһҵ׼ڣоѾˣҾͰ˳һ

һͽУѾҲСء
һࡰһ°һ
Ϊ֪С϶ҲĽ
ȻСڲ𣬡裬ôˣ
ʱ˫ֻҵĲӣҵСزڣôһһֻҪСһƲҺǳ̬¶ˡ
ŶġûʲôֻǶеʹûˡ
༱ǣһĻ붼ûѿڶ
֪ˣ裬ȥ緹ˣ緹Ҹȥѧˡ
˵ͿŶȥ
Сûƿ֪ҵСء

Ұ˿°ȫˡ
С˷䣬ҵȼֿʼֵĳ
վĹϵҵʼղȫ롣һСȵĳͣһԵɩӣվ岻ף㿴ô죿ǲǻصȥ
ˣҸо̼İѵСٽ
ͣײ϶ʹҵӼͦ
㵹ˣҼʹոһҲδ취ɣɩӡ
ҳüﰧ
ԩңҲ֪ϱǷʲôծҪⱲڡǳ㲻
ܲ˵ľС
ȥ
ҡ
ҷſԳ˳
תȥѩ׵ƨɡƨɷ˶ʧ⻬ȥߡȫ¶ҵǰƬţڲ˰ɫĭ״ˮ飬֪߳ܵ΢΢ſ·ʲô
Ÿ
عͷš
ɩӣ㲻ǽҴӺ߲ɣ
Ҳ֪
԰
ִӺǣҵ׼ѵȵòͷⶴ
ץסƨ⣬ǰһ壬һӹֱ룬˸ʵʵ

Һͬʱĵͺ
סƨɣҿʼ͡ͷŴʱͦҵĶȻС鷿ɷͦûΪȡƶʹ鷿Ե´Ӻ濴ȥƨԵúǻԲƨϵƤСһ𣬸ҵĸо˿а⻬
ų͵ļӾ磬ӳʪҽŵһζо˷ʱɢζ֪Ѵڼϣò״̬
ɩӡյô
Ҹӣſ⻬ĺϣӺס鷿ʹ
̫ˡ㽭ûô
ڵشŴ
ɩӡԺҵġҸҪҪ㡭
Ҳͣسͣоͣײһϡ
С꣬ɩѾ˰㻹˵ûĵĻ
˷ܵ֡
һûײһƵˮ˳ҵغ裬ҵĴϣоġվŲԼҲƨײġ
֪͵Ĵ̼ǰڴѾСŪһĹϵֻһ򣬾;ԼԽԽȣϢҲԽԽءнȫе˹ͷϡ
ɩӡҪˡ
ҲʶƵʸ죬Сײƨžžֱ졣
ɡСꡭ
ת˫ؿңҵײһһһ𵽸߳
˵ˣҲữΪ֭ˮģοé®ëͷСıס˶ƨɣ塣μҵĳ󣬿ȫӿ˹ͷ
ɩӡˡ
Ұ˼ºıסβѹѾõľҺһɹɵֱ
ɩҲˡޡ
˫εץסּĽĳ鴤˼¡һȵ֭ˮֱкޱ˹ͷϡ
Һͬʱﵽ˷ܵĸ߳
ãſıϲԸ뿪ӲʪоһĽҪҵƵġ
ңˣС꣬ȥɡòֽҲһ£ɡԺеǻᡣ
ĳڳʱˡ࣡һ·Ըҵ뿪
ɩӣСͻҪҵĴѩء
ƨɡ
㵽װҲԼ
ཿ˵ӴͰԵֽ˼Ųֽ
Ժ
æùֽϸĵذá
ɨǸԴ·ұ¡
ɩӣлл㣬ҳ˴ˡ
Ķ˵
С꣬˭㳤ôʵһϲˡֻǸɷСĸˣʧҲ֪ǴǶԡ꣬Ҫȥġ
ͷҵĵ˵
Ҫͽ飬Һ顣
ѿڶ
еС꣬Һ̫ˣС̫˰
شúǼ
ô죿
תһ룬ҪҸţﶨӣͿԺ㾭һ𣿡
ЩŮһֻҪ㲻Ǿˡ
̧ͷҵ
֪ˣɩӣԺ󲻹ҵĿҪġ
֤




    006

ɽˮԵʣǰ˽Һͷһ峺׵Сӣˮһ˶ߣûҲȥӾģ¹ĴСŮǿ˵ĺÿȻеٮٮߡ
ҵбһС꣬ר̾ӻġϰֽʮ꣬Ŀ˵ǰк󣬳Ҳµģӡľ鷿ķͦΡϹͷܣڼҵģûС͹ֲסһһס
о仰ѸǰǷǶ࣬ȻʲôѸϹ⣬Ҳ͹Ѹˡ
еʱǺЦʹùһ㣬Ҳ֡Ϊ⣬Һ͹ʣǰû¾ӻܡ⼸죬Ҹյõɩӣ罺ʱ򣬵ȥٵöˡ
ģӵʱѾ°ൽȥˡ£ȥҲﲻʲôæֻﵹæ;Сȥתת
Сϣʱһȵʱ򣬻ֱ̫ڽֵϣֻ֪ڲͣĽССϿģӰûУôȵ˭ͷй䣬ˡСſţſſһֻƹͣͷ˽ȥûʲô˿ֻͣͷĵ˵תš
ϳϸһλ̴ľȣǻ˯һɫ亹һɫƽŶ̿㣬ʰ۵Ĵ¶ͷ̲סһѡ
ôԵãҾյĶԽеɩˣˡ
˭
һæÿϵ̴ľȣһųٸҵǰ
ԭС갡⻵Сӣȵ˯˯
̴ľȰҵͷһº󣬰˫ԺȥҪʲôԼãҪᣬԼõӡ
ҿ˿ܣǽǿһ۵Ρù򿪣Ķˡ
ɩŮ˯̫˥ϵġ
һ
ʮĻˣ˭ںҰ
ȻңҲǵĵô˵ҡҾҪ˯
ںף亹ҸµĴҿ˸
Ȼģ͵ǰܲܲɡ
˵Ҹ³ںھҸëǱȽټģֻϡϡļѣʮС˱Ҳǲضá
֫ë֤࣬ëҲࡣ
ﰵֹ뵽ﲻɵһҪ͵ͷ
۵ϣͷҾͿؿ±ˡ
鿴ﻹͨͨһš
ǱĿ˯ţһ㶼֪ʱֻСɫڿûа֮ģȻ΢΢濪Щҵһ½Ƕȣʹܹ̿ڵĴ⡣ڶ̿ﻹһۺɫڿ㡣ϣȻڶëһ壬־ֳĺëӷۺڿı߽˳
ڿ㹿ʵĵģýȷ֮䣬ȥԵİȥһС졣
ҲǸˮذ벻ҲǸɧŮˣôԸеڿҰ
ﰵ̾ţЩ嶯
治֪ϹڼôģǲǿհĻҵлɳˡ
ӵĺ˼롣
һǰң֮뷨ԴӺ෢ϵ֮ҾһǹȥСˣ˵ϳһˡڿŮ˲ǰֻزβŮ˵ƨɳߺһģܼǿҵ
ֻҪɫŮˣҵȤʱԼе죬Լô˲ݡʵңҵıԣֻǰѹ֣ڱͷųˡ
ɩһڼİɣ
ʱҶԼѾ׵Ķˡ
Ҿȵطħڳò
Ȼˣһˡ
Ծɱ۾Ȼϣ鷿߻ǿĿһƬѩ׵ظӺڳ¶˳źһһҲʿˮ
ɩԺ졣
Ҿҵ˻ᣬһϹڣ
Ǻǣ˰ɣӣô֪Ů˵˼ء͹ʣһռɩӵıˡ
ҡҡ֣òм˵ɩӶЩһȤûġ
С꣬ҪʲôԼãɩӻҪϢء˶ɱ˸Ǯһˡ
ҵͼͰѻתˣ˵ԹԵıĿ
ʱžŲת˯ðѸ˶Ĵƨбҡ
˫ȲಢţҲĴڲࡣǹԲĴƨɲųߣðǱۺڿûԲޱȵβ˸Ƿ˶Ĵƨɺʹӿļë·ڹҷƵģʹҵ϶ֱͦͦ
ڷҺˣҿ϶ԥȥ°ȫǹ⣬ȻӲֱСֱӲˮس飬ɩˮĽ
ǿСֵ淿˵СûˣҲûɫ쵽̶ֳȣҪ˵ǾЩûȤҽһͷ
ҵʵӲܲסˣֲܰɩôʱ뵽ֻ࣬Żںңഺ
ˣɩú˯ɣˣˡ
Ҷ˵νžߡ
ôʱСûˣС굽Ҳֻʮ·ľ룬ҵĳ̬û˷֡
صԺԺţ᷿ſţҾֱ˽ȥǰջΪȵĹϵĶͷѾ߳ˮ
ӣӿһϧͷҲôǿˣаԼô㿴ôãȴйĹߣ㻹ô
һ˲аٸн֪˵ʲôá
С꣬ˡ
࿴ˣæվȵģɩӸʰëһ
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裬˵ҲҵŮ˳Կ۵ġ
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صֻ᷿°ǰؿ𣬲֪Щʲôӳϣ˵ģһٸζ
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ҽ˰ëݵǰ
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عƵĽӹë˲󻹸ҡ
Լһëº¶ļ⣬˼ѡǰҵһһƿóˡҷëߵԱһƨȥ
ͷǽڵľ뱾Сټһ𣬿ռʱխࡣ
촩һȹշʱȹģѩ׵Ĵ¶ͷ
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ҵĻ˫ֻҵĲغǡҽץס˫飬·š
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෢˳ӵر˫֪ۡʱΪΪˡ
⿪Ŀӣҵǰ촩Ǽɫ£Ҳ֪ɽģҵˣûµС꣬ǵͷ˴İɡ
Ұȥ¶һԷͦε飬ץסһֻ˱ţ׵鷿ץЩ͡

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ʹҰȥȹһץסƨʹץ˼¡
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ҼţƵӣСζҵ˱Ƶҵһ顣ҵӲòӣηŸſҲܸܵҵĻȡ
һߺǣһȹӡһڵǿ㣬Ӧһ׵ġ
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ѿýҿһߣϷɫˮǺˮġָϷһ࣬
෢˼ֵɫ糺죬أ֪ʱˣָ⹴סǿıԵϣҪһ¶
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С꣬ҪĲУûպãǵϰɡ
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Сꡭ
ſҲоҵĻȣͦ˿ûзֵļ
ҪȻطպ÷Ϲ
ǸŮˣ֮ģɿ֣ܿģʮٹСʱͺˡ
Ȼ֪Ҫȥջǻ˳ӵģַſͿԿҲǿ˵飬ҲҵŮΪѡ
ǻ࣬һ¡
˵Ұ֮˳ӵҸûоܾ
ʪģʪˣգ治֪ô̵סģҰ֡
û취ĻҪģҪȻܲǿɣΪһʱ֮컵֮佨Ĭ
᷿Ժ̫ǻšԺһ
Ҳûе᷿ҵסȥķ䡣ΪҾǷ򸾵Դ߳ģĸԸΪκ顣
򸾵ңҲǵһϴκڲ͵һĻǰ
ѹԼ·ɵ򸾵ĴǸľϡ¾㱸ֻǷˡ




    007

СʱһζҴӴߵǰŴ⡣һ᷿˳ֱ߽˶᷿֪Ҳڣ϶ϳġȻһͳˡű᷿˹֪ҵǵϬһͨ
Ҿæ㵽ű
ſˣ˽
ȥӺһѱס˫ʵʵǰš
Ȼзҵ͵ϮûһԾŻһµˡ
ɩӣôһ㶼ѽ
ҴӱԵʵ
·ҵĴϣ㻹˭
ָָڶЩʲôԽһ֪ʮ겻Ǳ״ġ
ϵ
ЦŰŹϡڱ᷿ҺĶԻʼϸϸģΪﻹи裬Ȼ۾Ӧûʲôġ
һѱ࣬ǰȥ߱ߺš
౧ҵĲһҸС꣬ɩһô
ôأ
Ұŵڴϣ·ܵõɩôˣ治֪ıĸ֡
ǰҲ֪ǰıǷծҪⱲ
пԵ޿κΡ
һṤ޴ơڴϣбҡǶȿȥĸ͸ѩ׵ķɫСһСƬŨܵںڣһҵֻظһٶȡ
ǸëͷСӣܲ˴ֻ̼ҵӲ˰
ץסʼŪ
Բţһֻʵȫߡ

һֱۺؼӿŪٶȡ
ɩӣ㡭ȥҪ侫ˡ
оͷЩæ˵
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һߺǣһָŪ

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ҵͷͷͷӲͦ鷿ԵԽķͦΣ˰֡
Ӳˣ
ḧҵ
ޣɩӵĻҲӰ
˵ҰĴȷֵȥ
ǻ
һַֿʪһҵ׼ڡ
о׼һʪСҾƨǰһꡱһѾȫûһʪĸоΧ

һСУ㣬һӲŪʹġ
س顣
˵ſһǰһ˶Ȼʪ͸ˣɴûʪĹϵղȥʱоɬɬġ
󡢹ֻһṤͷ˷
ɩӣ±Ѿʪˣ
Ķյɣ
ô˵ϻ
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ˮҵġͬһ̰С˱Ƶ
มɩӡе
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СꡭҪץʱ䰡˰
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ҹ¶ǵĻҪ˺߳ġ

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ŰҽرĻ˵˵ƨɴʱޱسڲͣ䣬ӳʱʵܡ
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Ӵſûپ룬ȴʮôÿһӾҺĿСò׿ţǰľȴҳһԭųٳټ಻ӵ绰Լߵӵ绰ˡ
ˣһô죿ˣ˵Ѿҿŵ˻ȥĻɡøղҺڷʱ첻ҪȻʲôҺ඼ˡ
һ˲ҵ˺üͷһѡУǰ
ʱڱұţſãԲ֪Ҳ˿ãڻǳرĿ֮С
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ţǽġұߵ̫ʦϣͽ͸һ
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ԭһ첻ɲŴѵĻң뵽Ҳɵһ͵Цʱҵʪ֮£ʵ̲סˣҰһо

ֱֲײǿҴ̼֮·˲Ƶĵ
ôˣ
͵绰Ľͬʱ˹ĵѯʡ
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ݺݵصһۣ·ҪҵһƵģȴǽ§ҵĲӣղŶʹڻе㡭
ԼҪĵ㣬ҲԼҪע塣
绰ͷĽܹԼӣõӵֱͦͦأʵ˵ŵ绰ͬһҵĽҲڹ
ûʲôµĻҹˡ
ȻĿǰǺӦҪЩԻ
ű˵ĳţǴ̼Ҫ֮ʱȴҪǿסУŵƤºͬϹͨ״̬װµӣȷʵΪˡ
ǺúڼҵҰһûˡûҰţ
ڵ绰ͷһ
ҪˣֻҲ˵óڰ
ֱ͵Ϯһ£˳β
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ʱҺȫرһ̫ʦϣҵϣĲڡ
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Ϸţұɵ˴ϣǵһ
һϣҾſͳʱұһͷʮҰޣҲᱻ˭ңΨһֻв롢ٲ롣
СꡭôôͰ
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ʵֻԼ֪ҵͬբĺˮ㲻赲ʳ֪ζв԰Σֻ˳Ȼ




    008

룬һһ¾ǿ̨ӡ˵Ҳ֣ûֱεĲ㣬˾ǲϲֱ̨ӳҶʱҪߡ
һ˴ʹһ̿㣬ŴЬߵԺһϴˢǰڼҿǸŵĴү¹ҿʢŮļֱ˵һǴطʲô鶼ҪԼ֣Ҳϰߡ
죬ǽȥѵĵһ죬ǰ콭绰˵첻ˡ뵽ӵ绰ʱҺһҾ;ô̼֡
᷿ţ֪ʱ϶Ѿ緹ˡô˵أҵĵǸʣܸɣĻʵŮˡֿƺܳͬһϵƷȴؽһʱĺֻƯܸɵŮšԼôܵõ˵ء
ϴȻԺŹţСشҵĶ䡣Сֵ糿һ֡
ѽһ᷿ſˡһӵĻϴ·ˡ
ഩһȹͷϰѼĳ˸٣ɢһɳٸ˿Ŀ
Ǹˣ۴ʲô·ԵúÿͿ̾ţض
ʲôлô
ЦȻЦԺﲻ֪ʢһ׸ĴʣҲȲЦû˲ˡߵ˾Է·ʼˮ
ɩӣػɡ
˵˹ȥ
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֣㰡һֻҵġرϡ
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ϴˢߵ᷿ӰߵĴ⿴ȥôӲ濴Сϣ·Ȼ촩ȹһȹסȵΡǶȿȥţβĵȹýģԲƨߴ̼ҵӾ񾭡
ҷԼ˸βרң֪߳ܵǰ
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뵽Ժ࣬Ҳסˡ
룬˸СʣԺĶ£ɩӣϢ׼Щʲô
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·ͷðˣڶͷϲ˲¶һڰźƵۡԵ÷֣ԱߵҲɵÿƳգʱʲôߵ
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ҪվȻʵҲͦģСȿȥ޳׾ɡбȹڰڰڵĴȣǰ׵ûۡһ˲䣬ҲɵɫĴ𡣻ͷ˿ԺţԺŹţ־ܿưĴڲࡣʱһɹ⻬ĴдԼʡ
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ô°ˣûɲ
Һƣеɶͷԡϸһ룬ʱȻ򣬡϶ǽҪңܺ£ңԲΪΪԭɩҲҵİ
ͷȻӿһۡ
֣δ̫ԲˣȴǶԲסԼ
һʱͷｻһѡ˼еĸܵһĶȥ
Ҽ˳Ĵȹ̽ɫҲúһ󣬰һҲЩ΢Ĳע⵽ҧԼ촽űܲ˰ɣǲѾˮ簡һԵ⡣
ҵָнǿĵײڿ㶼ܸܵ¡
ִ֮оһ΢Ĳλ֪ҵռĿꡣ
۾۽ë΢΢۾ҸŵΪҵĸŪָǿ水סǸһද
ȻҵĸŪ֮£Ǹ֭ѿŪʪˣҵָⶼմʪˡ
ֵ۾˫üŮ˴˷״̬ʱȻӦɡҾȡһжҪָڡҰָǿڣܵˮҵĴ̼
ҪָȥʱѴһӼнˡƵʱеöá
ҳԾؿôڽҪͷ˸ɲſ۾㶵ؿңϲίΡҿش峺׵۾˳
ɩӡ
ȻԭȫʱɢǿҵʶԼһض޴ĴǾҿڿ˵࣬ʵҵǱʶһǰһйߡֻҪҪͻ᲻ʱص
ĿҾҵڲôƽһŮˣ˳㣬Ըȴôֱ޲簡
һʱҴоеı࣬ɩӡҶԲס㡭
ҵıǼҲеģ۾ģˮҲͷĴȹȥ
Сꡭġ
æҪ
ɩӣҲˣҰɣ
ҹڵϲ˿ĵڣôãȴһ١ٶ۸㡣
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Կǰ滨ݣ顣Һţһ˲ʱˣ۾ҷ·𿴵ĵʹࡣ
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סҵ֣ϡɩֻǱ紵۾ûʲô˵ġ
ǵģ֪Ǹղ̫ˡĲѹġ
ٲСɺͳ
ԭң㲻ԭңҾͲ
һǹš
ˣˣɩԭ㡣ԭء
ЩƲ֣ۿǺġ
ôԭңʱ˵ĸˣֱ˽Ҫˡ
ȥɡ
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ˡ
˵ҰСʷŻ᷿صԼС
ڴϣһʱƽղôˣô£ҼֱԭԼ滨ݸҵԺ
ǣԼӻҪġ
Сź󲻾ãҲˣһ˴ڼˡСϣԶԶڲСĴ˽ˣͷ͹·ɾһûȫָڶҲûʲôȤ
С꣬Ϣ
߹Сʱסңϸңôȥϴ󲻸˵Ӱ
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Ŭװһ˵ӣʱҴŵһˮζɩӣôÿǲǴ˰
ô˵һ£Ҫ˵ˣ籾˵ģʱ˵Ҫ죬ǳԲ
˵ָ˳̬
Ǻǣ粻ɩһ˿ǼįͰҪҪС̺㰡
ҴЦЦ֪ĺɩһҪԴϷŪһ
Сëû룬СȻҵϷ
Ÿ˸ɨҪҵӡ
Ϸб׷Ұ
ƲҸæһ̵ˡ
ϾʱҵĻЩѹƽʱͽеˣӱء
磬Һļɲ׼ͣС·ϡƯŶơ·֪˲ͣĽţũũũҵıǼ·ŵ㣬һʱ䣬ҵĿࡣ
һͷŵլҵӡУɽɽˮԴ˺֪ɽƶҰĸǷοʽլĶӳ˵ʲôߣһҪǳߡû취ֻó˵
ѾϾŵˣ˵Ҫͨ齫ǻûߵ˼ҾһˣûҶ˵νû˵Ǹŵÿ
ڸղź˵ƣоͷġլѾȫúС·ϣ紵ϣо΢Щȵġ
˰Сʱ·һбǰʱǰһ塢塢塱ԭгˡģһҲԶˡ
Ǿƾ֣ҾȻббضгķ˹ȥ

ﳵ˺ǸŮӣÿ죬ҵıȻӦԲ

ҲҺгײ˸ұĽųײڵأһ˲Ҹоֺͽ϶ദϵúơ
㡭
һ໰ҪѿڶʱﳵҲˤɲɵѹҵϡҵʱͦ鷿˸š
ֻʮ鷿ȿ˵൱ӵĵһӦǼ촽鷿ѹסĸоȻųҺŮӵ
Ҫ͸ˣˡ
аžƾ˫ֻе鷿ϣоģʮϵȻɫûعҴ鷿΢Щ

ŮӷһȻҵһٶƲ㡣ǸֵƣŮӸҵ棬ҵ˫εץ鷿

ʱҵѹȣ˳ˡ
ڰŮŵĿң۾յǡҿúŮҲ󣬳ƯȻͨ·˿βס
벻ǸŮҲ
˫ָ鷿ļͦа
ҵıŵһ㣬ͬɩĲһǹɵ㣬ŻǸŮɡ
ʱҵԽ˲ת˼תҶԼЩƵ״̬»ܱ˼ά
ҪǣʱҾպöסĴȡʶĽ˽

֪ŮӸеҵָ̼Ůӷһ룬һ̩
ҳִҵĿУ֪һôʱȻһᣬԭŮԼ
˵ʵ뿪˵һиһٶ
žһҰصһǶ⡣ɫǣ˵
ŮӺ޺޵˼ҳҶȥɣ
վһšûҷӦгﳤȥ
ţ´α㣡һ
شӵűʹգŮȥķƿڴҲ֪ûС




    009

Ǹ֪òŮôһӣԭҶʱࡣȻ˸⣬ֱһţָ⻹鷿ĴУоǲ˵
ϼˤ˵ʹšԶ¹ĵƹ⡣ǰǸȳֻҪ߼ӾҪˡ
˴ȳֵķֲֿĵƻšôôڰĴʹèߵ˲ֿĴ¡
㣬Ҫץʱ䣬ǳ˯ź͵ܳġ
һϤŮ洫˳˵úҼҵģ˭뵽ˣֲ
ϸһ˵٣ɩ͵ӡֲŮ˵ϲëͷСԭѾͱ˺ˣ֪Ǹе˭
΢վһ㣬Ӵ￴ȥȴҳһûиǸеĲǱˣһֱΪûõĽ
ҲǵģѧϰôôѪܻ
ʱɩͽѾѹ·§һš벻¹Ůˡࡢɩ嶼ں±ҿġ
٣ǷŲɧΪһƭ첻ء
˳ʵģʵȴӵĻӣΪ˺ɩ͵飬ƭԼŵ鶼ó
˵ɩ鷿ƽûῴĶĳҵǰɩ鷿ܴ󣬺ԲͷʷۺɫεģڽŪ£ͷͦǴ
ϲȥˣ
ɩŪŽͦ鷿źһһǺ޲ڸĦɩ鷿˫ֱҵġ
û취ֻýҹˣȥͷ೵ԭ˯ȥġ
ɩСɩϵز濪˴ȡ§ɩָɩһɩСëģںڵģȥҪëŨܡ϶ëȥѹѹһƬ
㡭
ɩڽĿ˷ӦһὭָ˳ˡ
ָڱǼţǸɧ㳢ζжŨ
˵Űָŵɩߡ
ʱɩѾױһ޵ذѽָ˱˱Ů˿˵鸾ѡ
ɣ磬Ĵ󼦰Ͳ
ɩ̺ãȥŵôģѵһǶÿԿ֮ʪˣƬ֪ܵĴţڻǷۺɫġ
Ҷ׼
ɩȼ䣬׼ȷ졣
ɩһַֿԼһס׼Լڡ

ƨһͬʱˬĵͽС
һԹŮܵãǸûõķ
ڴҰҧ
ʼʶƨɣŴӴҿ˸һ

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٣СҪ˰ɣҽء
˼£Ц
ᣡ˼ҽð㻹ô˵˼ҡ
ɩţ쵽˽䡣
ֻɩڲʱ͸֭Һ˳ɩƨɷϣˮģӵĹâеؿϵӣҵҲ
Ҫˬ˰
ɩԽԽǴԽԽǿšƨɲͣӭϽ
ٺ٣ҾĽдġ
һӣӺҿһÿһζȫû
㡭ĵҲģ뵱ڡһαϹڡϴʱ򡭡Ӵ
ɩյ˵ö϶ģƨȴϵӭ͡
٣Ӳϵɧ㣡
ӿ˳͵ٶȡ
ԡ硭ٶȡɡҲҪ˰
Ҳ֪ɩǼװģĽд˺ҲøӲˡǸ֪߳ܵĸˣеñϴˢϰΪ

ԭͶסɩĺ촽˻§ŶԷĲţεճһ
ãŰͷŤ˿ȥ
ɩ˿ûӦչһֵĹƣ㻵˰˼ҡ˼Ūİ
ɲɩЩʲôɩ̧ŵԼļϣԾ
ޡ
ɩȻ˳Ʋ̫˰
ղﶥһ£ɩյýӺ濴ȥڰʵʵֻʣغͷýȥ
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Ҫε
ɩ˼ٵĽ䣬Ѿ˳ɩڵʱһԲԲС죬ʪһͿС΢΢ȴٶȲ롣
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ͦӲֱյɩߣòɵĿšϲˮ
٣û뵽иյһŮϰߣмŮܵ˰
ڴҿȻϴԺ͵Ρ
ǡǸ򡭡
ɩӰţԥſӣС캬ס˽ĹͷȥޱԸУҲ֪ɩôܵϵ֮
Ȼ˿̶˵ᣬǻɫĻǿҵش̼ңʹҵӵӲͦҲͳߣ

ɩСѽƵʵʵͷһһµʶţ
̫˰
ץסɩͷʹͷԼһͺ˰

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ޡ
ʱɩһͽУԭƿ˳ˮģ֪ɩˮǿˮɩŽŵôģһƿˮ˳
Ҳ٣
ʱĽŰĹԼū
ɩŽĻ˫ֳڵϣ˷˶ƨɡɩûСƨɿȥȴǱĻҪ
žžžصشɩƨɼ£˵ˣɡ
ǣˡ
ɩֻĸһҡƨɣתͷĵسŽˮĵݽӳˣɡҪ㡣
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˵꽭׼ˮ˽ȥ

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ֻ֪߳ܵĸڰȥɩӵϹԺôʰ㡣
ĵΪ౧ƽ
㡭ˬ
ɩ߽б߲ذƨӭţƨɺͽĿ貿ײžžֱ졣
Ŷ
ŴŽɩ·˿ɩʮ׳ĴҲؼӿָߣŪٶȡ
ӽղɩڲʮˣϵǽڻûҪ侫ļ񡣶ȴߣû೤ʱ;ԼеҪ侫ӡҪ¹ƽʵˡ
˵ֲ֡ΪʲôÿҺźܿȴֺܼܳʱ䰡
ԽԽ죬ԽԽ١
˵һҰ㰡ӴҪ˰Ҫ߳˰
ɩȻֹͣƨײһҿ΢΢ɩõԸ߳
žžžײɩƨɣֽץסɩƨɣɧŮˡ˵ɡ
ˡľҺȫ
ɩ֪߳ܵС
ˡ
ʹҵسºһӰɩ˱ѾõľҺ
Ҳ˰
ײһºɩŴƨɣʧؽš
ŶҲˡ
ڴҲ̲סˣʹߣ˼º󣬰ѾҺޱ˴ϡ
ɩѾɢҹ˲æÿӣ뿪˴ȳ
·ϣﻹƽǷ̫̫飬ϰǿˣ·Ϻһ֪òŮӷĦоǷ˽ɩļ顣һеһУô˼飬ôȻķˡ
ûãһص¹С֡ƿԺţ˽ȥҹԺﾲģʮһ˰աʱеճճģеҪˮ衣ԺţߵǰһͰˮʱҾȵķԭŵѵˣ˵ϲô
һ᷿ϢĴˣһϲϤӰҵ




    010

ϤӰһʱ
ˣͷӿһϲʱˤ˵ĵطҲôʹˡ
ɩӡ
һ
æҡҡ֣ʾҲҪָָ᷿󣬾ֱ˹ȥ
ͷ߽˶᷿ûпƣڰŵһ˵㡣
ɩӡ
վӵؽϵºҲΪΪˡ
С꣬ʲô˵ˡ֪㰮ҡ
תӣĵ̾˿ҲǷŲ㣬ŵһλûйҹġ
ɩӣҼǰʱ֪ԭˣ̫ˡ
ǰȥһѱסӵ˻
С꣬ɩӡ
һ૵⻹һҪʱ̧ͷңڰ֮۾ʯ㾧Ө

Ȼڰпһ׼ȷǵ촽
͵˫ҵǰʹҵһӲͦͦĶС
΢Ĳӣ쵽鷿ϡͦһαƿС

Һںڰн§һ𣬼šһ˿籡

΢ƿЩɩӿҪ׵͸ˡ
ɩӣղҽԺʱķûƣһ㷿ĵˣ
һ§࣬·鷿ǲڵһ
ĸϡѽ˯ԺΪء
ڵһȴװʲôûСҪ˵˵ߵԸϲġ
٣ǸǸɻأ
˵Ұ쵽Ĺɼ䣬˯ȹ˼£ɩʻ

屻˸ţ㰡Щͺˡ
Ҽ§࣬һְȹƵʡһĴڲ࣬ļ˿Ĺ⻬
ɩӣллҵô
ԵظлߵŮˡ
⻹еģ
ƾҵĸ˵ĻûʹСˣһֱȵڵġ㲻֪ûʱǶôĵġ
ˣɩӣҲǰô
Ұǿ㣬ҽһķˮأ֪ɩĵﻹںҵġ

Сһҵָ١
СظŪ١ץҵֱۣʾĿԽԽǿ
ɩӣȥƣҪĿ㡣
ĶԵ
𣬾ɣҲͦõġ
رҡ
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ذ˯ȹõؿڡ
ţС꣬㲻ҪΪɩһˣҳ˽ĵڶˡ
ĵ̾˿ѵ˯ȹڴϣ֪ģ˵ͶԵʧҲĸԸġ
αףҲ֪˵ʲôãֻ֪гŨŨİ⡣
ѵ˯ȹֻʣֺǿˣʱĺڰгĽ
¿ѵȫĲԡּҰֽ⿪һѩ׵鷿¶˳ʵضͷһҧȥ
һͽУ˫ֱҵͷС꣬㰡Ҫɩӵͷҧ
ɩӣҰ㻹ôİҧʹأ
̧ͷš
Ұĸأϵſȡǿãҵָеһʪ⣬ԭѾ˷ܵˮѿöմʪˡҰѿԱָƾŸо˽ȥоѾʪҰָʪһ壬
ؽһֽץҵֱۡ
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ɩӣҵ
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˭Ҫ㰡
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ҰѾʪǿǵϣϵش˴ȣҵĹͷ׼ȷĶһ𡣸оѾʪˣͳӰƨصǰһޣ
ҺͬʱͽһԭǽǶȲԣҵŶصײĳܹǡ
ʹ
ҿŵĽһԭҵƨصšһ¡
㰡˺üˣڶҲҵôġ
࿿ҵĶԽş̧̌ƨɣһסҵһסҵʹһζ׼ڡ
٣ʧ㣬βˡ
˵ҵƨ³ֻһһذڳſһһؼȥ

ҳһѾȫ˽ȥһȦůʪΧ
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ҷϣʼǳ͡
ںڰǱзζȻ˴˿Է沿飬ŶԷصĺŶԷȵ£Ǻܴ̼ġ
󡢹ĳ·ˮɩӣ﷢
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Ұ˫̧ߣŷҵļϡղڴȳ͵ɩͽ͵飬֪ƲñȽƼȻܲӦøĿС
˫żҵļϣڰп֪˿϶ͨģΪĺԽԽء
𽥼ӿ˳͵ٶȣÿһζ嵽˵ײСꡭյ˰
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ᰡ˼ƺסܳİ
ҵǿ˵϶ذͷ̧

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оԽԽʪԽԽȣҽ̲סˣ֪ȥҾͻһкעˡɩӡ챧ҡҪ侫ˡ
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Сꡭٶһᡭ
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ʱߵҵĸǰɩӡ
һ䣬ֻùͷһȳʪڰΧţ˿ŽһõĿڽ

˿ຬҵŪţⲦŪҵڡ
ˮ࣬﷢ˡ
̫ˣֱݣɽҲŵס
źš˫εץסͷͷҵС
촽εҵ°ڶķҲԽԽ
оĶǺΪüҵǱ˱Ŀȷʵױȵġ
ͷļӾ磬ҵĿҲԽԽǿңһǿһ
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ץͷͷ˿ĶѾҺޱ
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һ仰ȴ¶ҵĺβ͡
Ժ˵ˣ㻹Щ˯ɡ
˵࿪ƮȻȥ
ղŷһǲģ
㶵ţɵûǷҿڽʪʪҸղŷһжʵġ




    011

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͵ζԡ
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վýϽɢٸ㣬Ҹое㲻ܿˡ




    013

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ǰ˸͵ϮһѱסЩӲͦСֻҪľͷ˶оõ
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Щ٣ѹɤӶ˵Ժеġȥġ
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ҵ˫ش̼£෢˵͵͵һҿ˫ۡǰڰ칫ҵǳ԰ûó׵㣬ѾĬˣͷɵӿһϲ

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ҲعȥͷĴȡ

౳Ժţ˵͵͵ֲİȹڷſˡµȹøҵͷϣһʱʲôˣΨһ֪Ǳŵ˴ȼ䷢һ޵ζ
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ҵͷҵ촽ɲɵϷɢһζǿҵش̼ҵ񾭣Ҳİͷ
ҵ£ҵˮԿ϶ֻȹ׵Ҳ඼˵С߹ˡ

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󡢹ҵĳԽԽ˳ҲԵذƨӭ͡
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ͷҲЩ

ͬʱҵǼţʱʱķˬĺҵҲһشĸоҾٲֹͣҾҪ侫ˡ
Сһﲻ·´Ҫúϴϴӡ
ԡ͸С֪ĺץˡ
޺ͻͷ˵Ѿ쵽ǰˡ
ʱֹͣ˳ֹͣͣ˵Ҳ޺ͻͷˡ
ôСһȥͷȥ
˵
ð
ͷ
ɣɱģҪͷһ֡һ˲䣬Һ඼סˡԵĸоΪŶҵس鴤һ¡

ȻڱֵıԵȴеĸܵǿҵĴ̼С
Сꡣ
Ժ
Сꡣ
û˻ӦͷҲ
ϵ۰ǧýСɱĻ߰ɡ
ұƨɣţֱͦͦزһ
ʱҲתͷң˲Ϳ־壬ֻһһ˿뷨ҲһǺͬġ
ˣˣССӴ˯ˡ컹ҪϰģǲҪˡ
˵Ƕޡ
ðɡֱӵͷȥɡʣһиˣҹ֪ǹʣвСǺǡ
ͷ˵
ððɱĻЩ߰ɣһӣСүͶһΣա
ﰵԸˣֿʼ
顱һȻǺ죬ԸеԺһ£Ǳ˭һšΪ˫ֻԺϣҲһ¡
Ȼûʲô죬оøӽˡֽس鴤һ£ҵεס
쵰ڸʲôǿɡ
Ҽа˿ϿȥһҪ޳ӣƤ
ֽСͽ˭ֻҪһ᷿ܿҺһӣҺȫˡһʱҺ޲ôԼͣ˸ӣ̰ͼ֡
ˣˣʲôãǿ߰ɡ
˵šղŵǻͷ
߰ɡ
ɱڽнԶ
ڰȫˡ
ĨĨͷϵ亹а
ˡ
ջعֻǳԺϣţһ㵽ȥƫҪԺź㿴㣬һ¶ڡ
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ûн˼ҵεزֿʼʵس
ղű޺ͻͷôһţҵûղôˣԭҪ侫ĸоҲࡣ
С꣬飬ǻɡ
ͷǰ˵
š
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ų͵ļӾ磬ˮൽ֪֨֨ԺСܲˮڴʱСûʲôˡ
Ŷյļ˰
ǿżҪѿڶš

һ¡ԭ̫˷ܣǰ淴ץסҵƨ⡣
Ҽų壬ˮһشڣƨɰ궼մʪʪģвֻ˳Ŵ䴦
СꡭɩӿҪ߳˰
ͷŤҡ

ſĺϣǵһȴǺɵĳš
Ŷ
ƲסطҵƨɱץץԽԽʹʱ˴⾭Ļ˵
֪²˳٣ΪֵԽԽԿءұƨԽԽ졣ֻеѾˮһӿͷŹͷ񾭣֪侫ڼ
ԵĽǺ졣ǻȥˣʱû߹Сͽ
ҵ˰ţԸоǿųȫĿУŬԼ߽С
ʱֻһֳԺϣ˼£ץƨɵָָ׶ݽҵƨ
ҵҲܵһǰδеĽУһľΣеҵòˬ졣һȵˮͷҵĹͷϣѾԵĶ塣
ͷĿǮһһ˸߹һˣڵ˾̵Ķˡ
 ɩӡһ˰
еҺæʪһ˳
հƨɣһɾҺ˳ޱƨϡžҺļһĿͬʱֱţҲԸ߳

Һ඼ڴŴղŵľ˶ķǴ
ãǲŻָĺӽ״ǿ㣬ƨɲһ顣ְҵϸϸزһ顣ҵήȥһ£һˣղŻݵյ˼۽УȴʵԱ˵Ķ֡
С꣬ļҲˣϣظղŵĳŵ˵
࿴ңһء
õģɩӡ
ſӣԥĻشӺɷһԼȳ׷
ɩӵĹС갡
ҴӦһЦԵʮָˡ
һЦǰҿЦݣԵĸ̾




    014

壬콭ѵҪˡ
㲻ϴôӦģǵʱͷԵԵʡȻӦ˾ҪȻĿеۿ۵ġŪҵ϶Ѿü첻֪ζˡֻÿϺͶޡͷͷ£ȻͦӲӲصŪһ
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ɩȥɣ֪ô
ɩСʱѹ֣ﲻ֪ӿһȥɩĳ嶯
Сſţ˽ȥɩڳϣͷ֯ëߡɩ촩˼ۺɫĳһɫĶȹѩ׵ĴȴӺڶȹı߽¶˳ҵǰһ
ûиģ֯ʲôëߣ
Ҳɵðơ
ɩӣ֯ë߰
ҴݵߵԱߣ
ʱǼ⴫һ츾㡣㰡
ȻеɩΪˣһϲŵġ
Ҫ㰡˵ô
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С
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Сõĺӣڲ´󡣡
ɩ͵ǷϺȥˣû˴ӵģͽҰǴ
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ܲ˵Ĵƨɡ
֪ģֻҪһŮβߣͻ仰
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⡭Ҳû취ȻԼûӡԼӵĺӣҲæ˭
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ҪƽˣСġп
ΪӽɩѰŽڡ
ǵȻҿˡǸæ˰ˡ°ƽЩ
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ҪѪˣⲻڴĹô
ѾþûеõйҴʱø׳嶯ֻǿɩһССĶͱӲӲġ
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˵ߵСݣʵΪľ
СǷӻĵطһŴһӺһ³һҡҡһӤں˯۾յýģһԲԲСȥɰˡȷɩݣȻ´󣬵óǺɩе
ǡɩСһﳤúе񣬲֪˻ΪԼĺء˵ǲǣ
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ҰԼ
ȻҵĻɩʹۿøˣˮ˸
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ҪôһӣͿް
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Сꡭ㲻֪ɩж࡭ôЩ˶˵İۡ
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˵ҲذԼ˫ɩĺ촽ϣоģʪʪġ

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Һסɩ촽ਣݡ

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ҵôߵذͷɩĳݷߡ

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أҵ˫ֲʧʱɩ˫塣
һԻû֡
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Ұɩĳȹ˳ִӳ°ȥɩȻû֣һԻĴñεץ˸ţоġɩ鷿Ȼ󣬵һ㶼´Ҳ֪ôģܺûеϵ
ʹɩ鷿˼¡оһ

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ۡ
ϵǺӽֿ
Сꡭվſڣɩӿš
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ﰡ
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СǰˮԹˣڼʹѾԱҲҪҵ̺Ų֡
ɩģߺС߽⿪˳ŦۡһƬѩļ¶˳ְֻ۵鷿ΡΡȻϴڴȳ͵ɩͽ͵ʱһԱҲйһ֮ԵϴοϾǽߡ
ûˮġ
⵹ͷһ˵һЦ
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ɩһֻ鷿¶˳ִԲͷǷۺɫģοȥǺܴеؿɩ鷿ղŸдָĿз·һδָⷺ
ɩСͷָ̧סͷͷյСߣ˵ţСԹùõơ
СſС죬סͷ

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Сһôˬ죬ʶʿˮСҾͺˣҲҪɩӵơ
ʲôÿģСʱûưͷתȥ
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һĸͼ
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Сһ˯ˡ
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С꣬ɩһëҲһëС
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æߵë
صݣɩѾСӷҡ
ɩӹëͷϸϸĲ˲ԼͷһƷһ
ȴڴ۸һֱض
תȥ
ɩҵ쳣ѳŦۿۺãŸ

Ļش󣬾һ˸ת
Ǻǡ
ɩһЦС꣬涺
ҺɩһصСڳɩغԶЩ
Сꡭ
ɩֹЩƲ֡
ɩӣʲô˵
ɩôˣ
СꡭղɩһʱͿᱡһԺ򲻿ˡɩϹˣҲСǲԵġ
˵ûҷӦɩվҴҵػصݣŴ
׷űߣŶɩ˵ɩӣղҲԣȿźòã
ɩҪһ
źɩ
ɩûϷˣҿ
Ұţ˿ҵЩ
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˵ţҳСꡣ
صҵԺʱˡ̴᷿ðһƴ̡֪˿йҪȥͷ뻹ˣ˵ĻҪġ
Ҫˡ
ҲǺЦ




    015

ѵҪҪˡС꣬Ԥ˵콫꣬Ǵ󵽱꣬ľ֦ҶŴ綫ҡΣҶôĲɳɳ졣

Ŷڷ࣬Ҵ﷢̾ϢɩӰɩӣôĳôӲأ
˴Լڶ棬Ƕ˵ȴǿɼʲôֻԶ۶档ǲǿҲԸǿԼǰһݡ
Ѿһˣܲʱһ磬һ꼴¡
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ɩǰ¶ȴŮһ棬ʹҶĲɢ
ֱ濴šɩĴƨҵͷҡΣҵ
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ôӶԵ쾹Ȼɩǡ
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ϵǣСӻǳ˯ţ·ôĶҲܰѡ

ɩͻȻ׼㣬һСУһ򻬣˱ҵ

ҿŵһҽУɩǷ˶ƨصҵϡ
ұɩѹڵϣɩñһƨҵؿϡ
Ƚ˵ģôƨѹţȻûбѹˡ
ҰԿЦ

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
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Сꡭ㡭
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껹ڲͣţûһ˿ֹͣļ󣬼żסһеһУʹСձù
°Լ˸⡣Ҫúõ㣬˭ϹߵġôΪ
ȻԼΪЩԣһΪԼš
˴ɩԱߡָųʵʵסɩ鷿ݺݵ˼¡չ˫ֻصС
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Ҵڴϣһؿɩһʱе㲻֪롣һǰδеĴ۸УصĻˡ
·
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ҪɩӣһɡҪɩһޣһɩӵޡ˵ܹǱ˵ġ
˵ԼеԾĻһûʵɣʵⲻһɩڶѰҵһڰˡ

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ɩӣհɡһһ޵ġ
ܵɩı仯ҳȴرֱֱضɩĦš

ɩͨ죬۾յýġƨɱҵ˫ţ﷢Ҹеҵһ˫ֻšҵͷɵӿһϲɩڴˡ




    016

껹ڻţȴһƬůůĴ⡣Һɩ§һ
ɩӣһһӵġ
ɩĶ
š
ɩʱǻһˣС˰ذͷҵǰҵС꣬ɩӺͽ¡㲻ҪƲɩӡ
ôءǰᣬڲˡΪ֪ɩҲǲѵġ
˵ţֲʵؽָɩͦ˫ϡȻųܸоɩ˫
һɩ鷿һ׵ӡ

ɩС﷢ģﲨתСɢ˵Ĺôһʮͷĸˣһս鲻õСϱ
ɩӣҲҪơ
˵Ұɩĳ⿪һְ۵Ĵóҵǰ
С꣬԰ɣɩӵĴơ
ɩһֻ鷿յҵߡ
࣡
ʵشȥһڣͷһӱ
㵹㰡
ɩһۣȴôĽĿˡ
ʱɩ⡣ƾܻӭ̬ǿҵش̼ҵ񾭣ҵرøӼͦʹɩ§ýģСĦš
оһԭǱɩСš
С꣬ܲˣ
ɩСŪҵ
š
ҵ˵ͷ˭ܵ˭ܡ
ߣǵȥ
ɩ˵ߵʼ⿪ȹʡ
Ҹߵ˴ߣѾӲе㷢ۣú÷йһǾ̫ԲԼˡ
ʱɩѾѶȹʵ䴦խڿ¶˳ѩ׵ĴȺƨɰýġ
ܲˡ
аһһǰȥɩڴϣ

ɩ⧲طһС
㡭㡭ʲôӴ
Ұǿ㣬ȷ֮һеָеʪ⣬ɩҲѾ˷ܣһȵˮȷ֮˳
ָסǿûжԭƨɸѹסˣʹҲ
ɩ״æƨ̧̧÷Ұǿ
ڿ԰ǿѵˡҰɩǿ˳Ŵʵ䣬ͶȹһûѵխСǿɩ䴦ʳһţõĲλʪССһ̲
ﲻͶȹһѵ
ɩڴЩ졣
ɩӣҵȲˡѵĻ˷ʱ䡭
˵Ұָɩһٵĳ͡
ԭˮټָǿͣɩʱĳ֡
󡢹ָĽ෢ҵ
ɩʪǲǵȲˣ
ҳָɩǰ˻Σָ˸ҫ۵ˮ۾ȴһֱɩšѾʪһͿˮ
Ƭ΢΢ⷭС·ڵȴʲôƵɩĺЩϣûԵʣС˵ķۺɫϵëǺܶ࣬ļˮ±͹
ǸƷ
̾š
ž
ҵֱɩ᲻صشһ¡
Ҫվգˬ㣬ôġڿʲôƵģŪ˼ҹֲ˼Ӵ
ɩ˵ŰѴȼнЩؿһɫˮƨɷ죬ƨµϯӶմʪһƬ
ǸˮŮˡŮˮ仰һ㶼ɩҲġ
ɩôˮа
ȻɩӵȲˣС͹ֻùԹԵԼıˡ
˵Ұɩ̧ƨ̧ߣƨı¶ҵǰֻҪҵ׼ھͿԲˡ
ߡ֪֡Сɲˡ
ɩڴں޺޵ؿҡ͸˵ƻֻͦ۵鷿ӽ⿪ĳ¶˳
ʲôµӶƨ
ҽɩȼڼϣ׼ʪڡоͷöһʪСڣ֪ɩˡ
㲻ҲǸӰһӡ
ɩˮؿҡ
ӰճСɩˡ
˵ţұɩĴȣƨǰһ
ɩʪ͸ֻһѳعذƸ롣ʮ׳ĴֻʣһС¶ͷʱһʪĸоֻһȦʪȵΧš
ޡ
ɩһͽУæ쵽ڣ¶ͷҪˡôһӲİޡ
ҿ𣿡
ûɩ˵Ҿؿʼ͡
ʮ£ͷȥѾ͵Һ
ߡ
ɩڴؿң﷢ˬĺ
ҵײֻʰ׵鷿һǰһҡšȥһһšȥоš
̫ˡ
ɩ紺治ذƨӭš
ų͵ļӿ죬ɩ䴦ĶȹǿҵؿĦţֲġѵɡһһİ¡
˵ͣ˳ͣѶȹǿɩ䴦
ɩѾһҿؿǽӵĵط
ɩŵĵط
˵ҽȷӴбƣҵεزڡ
ҰȥǷ˶ƨɿʼ˻ĳ͡
ʲôʮӴ
ɩ˵ŲͷǵȥҵһһڴʱҧҵСܷŰĭ״ˮĽˮһشӿ
ˡ
벻ɩȻ˵ֻûͽ͵飬ҽУһΪǸɬĸˡ
ɩӡҲҪ硣
뵽ɩͽΣҲذø죬Ѿȫˡ
ΪʲôҪҪ硭ܻܵడ
ɩҵĳ״ε˵ţɫþҪγˮ
ܽ绹ܵܣ㵽׽ǲС
ɩĽҵǼͦƨɾһͳ顣
žžžҵСɩײڶķһɽ
ҽСҽеġ㵹㰡
ɩĽţִҵҸرҵĺ󱳡˷ԽԽǿңֻеҵĺ󱳱ɩԽԽ
ʹÿŮ˷ʱϲץ˺󱳵İɣҲںͺˡ
ź󱳵ʹԺ뵽ȴࡣұ۾͸ǿ٣Ŵʱࡣ
ҽˡҽˡ㰡ܵܡܵյɩӵ˰
ɩڽ˳ĺܺ˲ݲĳ嶯ֲý˵ϲˡ
ǻ࡭
˵ŰɩŵڴϣԼҲѹȥŮµơֳϯϣֿʼһǰһǿҳ͡

ɩˬţŲ濪żҵʣֻСֽץҵļ粿
󡢹﷢ҵŵһɵζζֻ࣬΢Ũ㡣
ųͽڹͷۻ֪ò˶ԼҪһкעˡ
ɩӡҿ侫ˡ
ɩĶԵ
šܵܡȫɩӵɧﰡɩһֶӰɩҲҪˡ
ɩԽԽǿţҲͣذƨš
һ𵽰ɡ
˵ֿʶ
ۡ
ҺɩһżɾǰʱҡС˲ʶĿǰںʱͻȻܵŵʹ˴䲻ʡҪȻɱ˵
ɩӡ㿴
ͣɩ
𡭡ͣһͺˡ
ɩ۾ûǣСɵıǼžҵĺһһݡʶƨɡ
ɩһģһ˵ʲôأֻɩˣֿʼֿʼڹͷۡ
ۡ
СĿԽԽе㲻ĵĸо
ϾɩԼõĺӣôҲҪͣġ
ȻҼеҪﵽԸ߳ҵĶ缱ңֵҴϣɩֹͣҲϣɩһֻ֪̰ͼŮˡ
ҿӵµɩۻǱյýġԸеƨɵʶ
Сꡭͣһ£ιС˵
ɩҵƨɲҳ͡۾۾Ѿ˿
ɩԸͣӿһ˿ϲϾɩǸֻ֪̰ͼŮˡ
ȴĸԸذӲŵɩ˳ɩţһɫҺ壬˳ƨɷȥ
ί˰ҵССꡣ
ɩǻˮЦЦ˵šһ˲Ҵؿ벻ɩЦҲ˵ˣҲ˵ķ֡
ιιʲôԺ㿴ġȰҸС̷ۡ
ߴɩĽͬʱӶϴʹԭҵĶקһ¡
ã֪СС
˵˵Ͼһ̷̺ۡ
ɩѾСҡﱧ˳ڴϸιơݺ̷ۣæ˹ȥιС
С죬šɩ˶ţιţŲ֪С
Ҵؿɩִ˿̵رˣһĸԵķɣһʱ䣬϶ɩԺ϶һĸסҸеҵûġ
˿ҵӲӲģˮѾɺԣȥˡ
һͷ̵࣬ôߡܲˡ
ɩҵ̵ϸߣм˵
ɩӣɲܹңҪֻܹԼ˭ôÿҸӵıǮ
ֱƤЦƤͦǰ˻Ρ
СӣСһӣͻᵷҡ
ҵɩĪغ˱Ȼް
ɩӣ㿴Ӹô찡
ҼͦӲֱġ
û취СڴϺ̡
˵ɩСƽڴϣŴ⣬ŸСι̡




    017

ɩڴϣŴߵιСҲʣɩӡ㲻ˣ
ӣⶼ֪ɩôԴӺɩӰգɩӸղͰ·õġ
ɩ˵㲻գǰȹӺǿøɩӣɩӴþǡ
𣬱ɩӡǡ
˵æϴ
ɩıɵƣǱһζɩƨɺܴ󣬲Ǵúܿţǡô֡Ұ쵽ѩ׵ƨϣϸϸظţһϸĸо
ʲôûʱ䲻ˡ
ɩŤŤƨɣš
ˣˡ
˵Ұִƨɺɩ֮䡣ȥѾоʪ벻Ů˵ˮɵô졣ɩӣѽŴһ㣬㡣
˵ҰĹɼһ
ɩ˳ӵزŰȴЩָ֮زŪҵһС죬֪ڡ
΢ǿһָʼһһꡣûˮ󻬣еɩеɬ
ɩӣôɵô죿
Ұʳָȫ˽ȥسš
Сָ꣬ÿ㣬ܿͻʪİ
ɩָĳЩĿС
ɩľ̸ֻ֮һṤɩͱʪʪˣҵָҲˡ
֪ɩѾˣǸϵʱˣŰŵĹɼ䡣ɩϵذƨţ÷ҵ·
оѾɩʪڶˣұɩƨǰһ
һķͻ
Ŷ
ɩһ
ҵһλصɩѾûʲô谭ˡ
һǱ˸ɾ
ɩӣҪʼˡ
˵ҾͿʼ˳͡
ŶŶСȡż
ҵĳ£ɩĺԽԽ١
ֻɩԽԽȣԽԽʪɢһŨҵζŮ˷ʱеζζ̼ҵ񾭣ҲԽԽ졣
һ߳һߴӺ̧ӿɩССͷɩĸ첲ϣ죬ҳ͵Ľһǰһҡš
СǲǻεŲλӰ
ɩСº̺ܲ㣬ŰִСͷ³˳ҶôֻҪһֻƿˡ
ɩӡյ治
ŴҴӺɩĳεסɩʰ׵鷿
СյɩҪ
ɩǰŰƨ󲻿Ƶӭšžžžײ͡󡢹󡢹󡱵ĳһ𣬱첻ֹĽ֡
Ļ᲻ýһ
Ұʹǰ
泤ٳһҪ㶥ˡܵܰ
ɩеøǿţҿŵһְֻϯץýģͬʱеɩˮԽԽ࣬ҵëҲȫմʪˡ֪ɩﵽˡ
ɩӣҪ㡣
˵ûӦͽڳ˳
Ҫ
ɩʧؽţΪϿе۷壬òңת˹泯شȡ
ۡ
Сֿԭɩתʱŵ̺С˳
Сӣôô໨
ɩ޺޵ؿңƽŰ΢ת°ŻС㿴СŪˡ
ҿɹܲôˣɩĶӣ׼ǰһ

ɩһʴǵУҵʱýġ
СɩԱߣ죬۾ֱҡȻŰĺӣҪƵġ
ɣСôյúġ
ɩϲͣʶţһааĿС
ɩҵײ£ֻʰ׵鷿ӽ⿪ĳ¶˳һǰһҡβҵĦšеɩͷӲֱ
ܵܡɩӿ첻ˡɡ
ɩеߡ
Ȱҵеýģƨӭ͡
ʱķıС֪ͣˡСѾԼԼ߶ˡ
ǸýˣСص˶ˣһ˵Сô졣
붼еرĴ̼
͵ٶԽԽѸͣͷĿҲԽԽǿңһˬڲϵϮѾ˼ϲòľء
ܵܡɩӵ˰ɩһް
ɩ״εؽţͷͣҡţͷϯɢ
Եظеɩʼһĳ鴤һɹ̵ҺֱʪܵĽڹͷϡ
ʱͷһһǿҵĿдӹͷֱԼʡ
ɩӡҲˡһɩ޵İ
þȫһӶõĿžҺһɩ

ɩϴڵشŴάŲơ

ɩ±ŲŲƨɣӲһζԣСꡣ˿ȥɩӵĴ¡
Ŷ
ذ˳ϾҺˮĻɢ˵Ĺâ
ɩɴţСֺ׵ĵͷʪܵմˮʱҿһ׵Ľ״ڻĳ֡
죬ͷƨ¡þҺ
ɩæ̧ƨɣٵغ˵
æùͷɩƨ£һ˳صذɩƨһ¡
Сնˣô˼ҵĶ
ɩģûӸ߳лع
˭Ĵƨô˰
˵˴˿ܣֽ
Ͱô
ɩڴָָ³ıϡ⸱鲻֪ľȻ
߹ȥЩֽԼһ顣ȻɩɩҪҪһ£
ҴԼࡣ
ɩιСȴ·ҿС꣬һҪһᡣ
õģɩӡ
˵´·
С꣬ɩиҪ㡣
ɩʲôƵʵ
ʲô⣿
˹İ
ţղźʱǸ֣һ¡
ǵǡС࣬ûԹҲܰʦͨģ˭Ҫ˽̣׼Ǹ󱿵
˵Źİϣݡ
ݵŵģܷϵġʱֻһƣɩ㣬Ŵ󿪵ľͻᱻһࡣ
Ϊ˲ñ˽ȥ˸СſڡСóϲԩҡ
飬ʮӣҽسⱾ֮УⱾ˸µ˽⡣Ȿ齲ĶЩ͵Ĺ£ǡ޲檣檲ˣ˲͵Ĺ۵㡣Ҿǰɩ͵Ĺºڷϵ¡
ιι
ҿ˸߲֮ʱԴһϤŮ

һæϣŽ˹İ
̧ͷһȻЦȻվǰ촩һɫĶһɫţж̿㣬õһࡣ
Ǵţж̿Ĺϵҷţж̿ƨɱýģϴοʱЩ
ǸŮƯƨҲÿҪϴεң˵һĻ㶯ĵġ
ҵСžš
Сڲڣ
ȻϴЦһָʹӡ
̵ģ㵹ǺһУҲĺĺĪҵĿǣ
뵽ɩ˿ڴϣ뵽Ұɩǿ޵£а
ι㣬С̵ڲڣ
ûشһ䡣
Ϊ˭Ҿ͸㣿Ҿôûӣ
һ⸱ӣҵţƢҲˣš
㲻˵ǲǣ
Щżˡû뵽СŮҲɰġ
Ҳ˵
һվ
СʱȽϽԵվʱҺ˸
벻ӱ໹ߣһߡ˵ӡҵź鷿ЩĽӴ

һУʶЩŲ·ذǰע⵽ڵĺ
ߡֲǵһαϴλˡѾʣ֪ʲôˣȴװʲô顣
ʧӣЩЦ
ҡҲСڲڣô׸
ңһ޹ӣҼ
㵹˵˵ĸףֲ֪ĸС̡
ҹʱ䣬ֻɩ¿㴩áΪ֪һСҪǿг嵽ȥסġĻֻģϾ¹ɵҲʲô
ޣǺ㽲ˣҵС̡
ʱָ˳̬
ʱѾ׵ͣˡСԵе㰲
ۡ
ʱݴһӤС
á
авһ˻¿Ҫץסĸоӿͷһ˲ܵͷ
ɩ㴩·ɡ
˿ҵֻʣͷ˵ѾӽһƬհס
С̺أ㲻Խȥġ
װ¡ϸһʵܹǴ˵
С̡
ûңһ
С̡
ɩûлشüͷֽһ
ҲǺ˵ôС̺ӡ
ҷԼе飬ͷ亹
ҿС̺͵ܵʲôԣҴҶŮˣСеҲУʲôõġ
˵һ°ҵסˡ
㡭Ҫʲô
סֺǳҵϡ
ҡ
һʱҵͷȻðֹͷ
ⰭµļһһȥС̣ˡ
˵һʹһ񣬾ͺһλӣ⣬
㡭
ֹ£ֲǿӲϻ
˿ֻˡ
С̣ҽˡ
˵ְݵϡһ˲䣬·ˣҵҲ·ֹͣˡ
ˣˡ
ղźɩ԰Ļ鵴Ȼ޴棬תһɾӿͷʱҿһ֮ˡ




    018

ѽһݵſˡƿģɩ򿪵ġǿŵ
Сһ泳Щʲô
ɩѾ룬µվ￴Һɩе졣
һſڡ˼Ҷ˵ùƫƫŲá
ָң޺޵˵
Ƕҧأˣ㵹ó֤
ˣСƢҸɴ˸ʡǲǰҴɩѧľС
㡭
ңҪҼۡ
ˣˡҪˣôȥĻԺôͬ°
ɩЦ˵
ĸϡһϰࡣС̣ô˵
Ȼô˵ɴϿó̬
ˣˡɩֶŮϱүͲһʶ
ɩС̣һͷҺɩϵǲǸýһ̸
ۡ
ʱСֿ
Сܱޣ㡣
˵˹ȥ
ҺɩҲ˹ȥ
Сܣι̡
˵ƿСι
ǵѧѧʱˣԺ͹ʣԼ޺æҵġ
ɩһԿЦ
СҪ׽ŪˣҲСˡ
ɩŽ۲ת
ǸŮ
յģҲɵһ
۰ľǴˣСʱ˭ѹǮడ׽Ūʲô˵ġСûĵġ
ɩվԱ߿ιС
֪ҲǶС̰ˡǺǡ
ܵӡ
ðСӳӲǲǣˣСˡԺ󲻸ȥ
ɩ״
ˡˡҲãС̣ʹ˲С˹
ЦȻؿɩ
ǻࡣСιòá
ɩĲɣæָ
ʱҵȫȫıһˡǾ˫
һһСվһ˵ؿЦԵ̾
ôйɹֵֹζ
˼±ӡҿе㷢졣
ʱҵıҲŵһɵζ֪ǸղҺɩʱɢζŴţζһʱ֮仹ûɢȥ
СµζŴ˲͸磬ζ˵㡣
ɩҲһ£æ˵
ζе㲻һ
˵ͷιСø졣
ɣŵζ֪Һɩ°ɡʣϹˣӦ֪ζôˡ죬ԿʣһƵˣʣһǺø
Խһ˲ת˼ת
ζǴһ㣬Сȥš
ɩæȥѺŴ򿪡߹ʱݺݵһ£еԹеζ·˵ղŰ˼յ̫˷ˣ˼ҲŻᷢζġ
Ŵ򿪺һɴĿſڴ˽ʱǹ˵塢ζ˸һɶ
ɩûʲôҾˡ
ûߵ˼ҾΪȥʲô
߾߰ɣ˭ϡ

ƽʱҿ϶תͷ۵ġһСҴıʮΪϲߡûͳСꡣ
ھСϣѾͣˡСϷӵһεεˮ飬ʪʪʯϣöĵδɽе¿質
Ժſڣʱˡɩʱ˰ɡ
ʱ뵽֪࣬ģһ˿ǣ֪ɩ֪Һɩô
Žȥ᷿ϷǴѾˡ
߽᷿ͷŷΪȵĹϵѾ߳˵㺹飬ڻӳ£Եԡ
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ʶţк֪ģͷϳе㲻̡
ŶﲻʲôæġϢϢҽ
˲ͷôȵ죬ϣ
ȣӦðϣϷӶůϺͿԲˡ
˵Ҵ򿪵俴˿һѩ⣬ó

ҳѩҪֹһֻʣһˣС֪ѩ⣬ܵġ
ɩӣû취ԶѾˣܲٷŻȥɣ
Ҽӿ˳ѩٶȣѩسԹˡ
㰡û취
Ų𣬱߿ҡͷЦţǸӡ
ɩᡣ
ĨĨ죬û෴ӦһƨԱߡ
һ˵ҵԱߴ̼ҵıӡ
ôôᰡʲôҰ
ŭŰתң߹ŵһ˿΢Цȴ˼¶š
˵ᣬΪʲôЦ
յĸǰҵıǼıǼֻһָ֮ңɩôӦÿԵİɣΪҵŵԣ⼸ҿûһָ
˵ᡣ۸ҡ
ӣС졣
ɩӣÿ
ϲģҲɵеˡ
㰡ûɩӿ
ָһҵĶͷ
ɩӣҪ㡣
һץס֣һƬỬ
Ȼոɩõ㣬һǸο˵ģҵ϶̲ס¾˷ܵĹϵɡ
̲ס˰ɣ
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ʱʲô˵óڣֻ֪ӵֺࡣ˵ҰҵĿһš

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죬ȻҲǴʹϲӦ˵֮һ
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һƪ۵ʱ˵һһ㶵ġ
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оͷһСѾס˹ͷӹͷʪ⡣

Ȼͷ̧еǵؿңйζֵֹġ֮еζ
ٺ٣ֻùɩˣ˭ɩ⼸첻ңֻԼˣֻɨβòҶѡ
벻ɩѾùˣ滹ζΪȥֻù˲棬ſںһɡ
ŶǻɩӵĲˡǿԺòɩˣнˡ
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ķڰŮŮȴڸķʹһεҵľ񰡡һ˲䣬ԼеǶôķ




    019

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ץͷ
֪ҵĻ˼ҪЩֻͷʶٶԽԽ죬ĿҲԽԽǿоǮĴŵ̰һͿ̶
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Сذţĸоһһ󡣸оԼ侫ڼҰͷץø

·ҵƵģﴫ΢
顱һԺŲ֪˭ƿˡ϶СĵһӦ
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ҵͷĶߵ˵˼䣬ذͷΪ֪ϰͷŲ侫ڼ뿪
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С
æվûüĨ͡ݲݵذѿãʵʵҵķ
裬еˣܸܲҵ㶫ԣ
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һʱǺ֪ôش𣬾Һ֪ȥǸµһԿ϶ٲ𣬿ܻС֡
ð裬һ͵ҵѩ⣬Ҫ㡣
Сץ֣ǰŽѵһС࣬˿϶Ҳһˡ

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ҰѱǼĹɼĥš
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ԭ侫һûֲҪˡ
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ָָϯϵˮ;Һڵĺһ¡
ɩӣ㻹ûҽʲôء
ڴϣȥѾࡣ
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ڴϰ˼⡣
콭Ҫˣҡࡢɩ֮佫ദǼϡҰ




    020

죬ѵص˼
Էʱˣ᷿ӣ衢һһӣСһӡҽӣæͷԷ
С꣬ҪС¥Щ᷿ȫҪסҺɩסҪᵽȥסȴ緿ٰص¥סСסżң١
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ԭôС£һΪǴƴòģɢء
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˵괵ſ˳ȥ
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ɩվڴǰŴ˵Ǹǵл͵ţ
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Ӵӻǹڽ䴦ŸסɩǼɡ
ĸʲô
ɩɵ˴ϣ˯ȹſȰ¶˳ɩʪġ
á
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˼£ֱġɩ±ҲͦƨɣŽĳ͡

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ԽԽ죬󡢹󡱵쳹ݡ˿ҵشϢš
Ҫ˰
ͻȻ佭ǹһƨʹǰһһſɩһ
𡭡𡭡һû
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ŴɩϷһҺɩ˳ɩû
˲ֽҸԼɩһµ첻ˬϹˣ´һɡ
˵Ŵ·˳ȥһǰγ϶˰
˻ûʲôƿ³ţ˳ȥ
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ɩôˣ
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û뵽ɩһһתȥңҼĺһһʵġ
ڿްɣ
аҴӱļ򣬰ת˹
ȻоӨ۹ɩָƵϡ㿴ЦˣɩǲǺ¼
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¼ǽǼһ
նһȴʵ¶İƨḧš
ǡˡ
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Ұɩȥ˵ɩûµĻˣȥ˲á
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š
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ղŽ˵ǻˣͷһ뵽ľǻ
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š
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ɩ
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ţ֪˹ʣҵԺſڡһ߽ԺţͺһҪ߳ײ˸




    023

ޡ
ײһͽУϸһԭࡣഩһɫȹԵ󷽡ɵȹ˿סȵΡ
ɩӣ齫ˣ
վԺſڣʵоЩԾǰ˶Сϡ
Ҫʲô
ˣĿң˵˵ŻŵתͷС¥˿·ᱻǿƵġʵС¥еģֻҪ˵С㣬ǲ֪Ժſ˵ġ
֪Ҫʲôġ
ĹԺţתɩôѩѵ᲻֪Щɶ
˭֪Щʲô㻹ɩӰ
ΣСɵĺ촽мֳŪᵽʣңǵ۶˰һڶɩӲǡ
ʱһɷСϱ
ԭڳĸɴף١
뵽㣬һůʱӿͷ
ɩӣ֪ںҡ
ǰȥ§ڻѸٵذβϡһ£ûѣͲټ֡
˵ںңôһûɩӰ
໹Ǿ仰ͷң۾ҹҫǣɩӵİ칫Ķ氡
Ҳںɩӵİɩһ룬ӡ
ͷķʣķ㣬Ķڰ칫ĸˣ㡢ҡټһ̫Σˡ

౻ŶԵĸоһ£Ҳ͵͵ɩӰ
ҡҲʵġ
װſ˵ɩ֪Ƥģƨɡ
ǡҿɲʲôƨɣء
ཿɫ񣬿ǻ겻ᡣ˵أϸɩᱻƭֵģ
˵һĨĺγϡ
ƨɣһƨˡ֤һ¡
һȹڣַŵβϣȻһ㱡ĲƬһƬů
šûɩȷʵǸƨɡ
˵Ϸʵƨɡһţһ¶ľӣӲӲǺضĿ䡣
Ҳƨɡ㡭˵Щʲô
ﲻҵǣùȥҵĽ¼վȣֻε§ҵʡ
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һƨɣһָͦ˫塣ȹ֣Ȼܹܵŵķ

§һ𣬻Ȼҵš촽ϵſ촽˱ҵ⡣ǵ⻥ཻţ˴˵ĺҲԽԽء͵鷿ҵؿڣ·ܸܵԷƵġ
ˡ
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Ҳǡ
һ˵仰һߵĴһϽͷҵؿڡ
ɩӣҪ㡣
ҵͷḧ㷢˵
ҲҪ㡣
ĻţɻǱˣע⵽Ķˡ
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ҹʵ
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˵ȹڣֲǿһȻѾʪˣЩˮ˹⻬ĴϡһָĲȥ˼¡㡣
Ѿ˷ܣװ̿Ӳͦòͷ¶˳
ڲСǹʣҵԺҪյҼո
ȻƵļн˴ȣŵĳС¥ţ˴ҵָڣǲưոݵġûָţԽԽʪ
Ҿɩӡ
ǣ֣ǻȹ̵ϣѵоҶѾӲܲˣ

һͺҵ벻ôӲˣɩӳҪȥǵһᴩġ
ԱϸϽͷȥȻѾܶˣǰСһŲ
ѾĬæĵصġ
ʵ֪ԼʲôҲ֤˵ġ˵һס־ߡ
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С¥Ķǽ£Ա߾ΧǽǲõĻᱻ˭
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ҰѾʪһŵǿðǵĽ״˳ӵİֻһһ̧Ұǿ
ǿŽڴתȥƨɾ㡣
ڵٲȻһ˾ٵӣָʹ
ȻѾӦңֻܹԹԵתȥƨɾҰȹõʣѩ׷ƨĳҵǰ۵ļԵù⻬ϸ塣Ҷȥ۴ɼϸϸĹ۲죬ҳ԰ε˶ҵıǰŴʱһо
ôﰡŪ˼ġ
תͷţֲǵһοɩӵĶץʱ䣬ֲǲ֪ʱ齫һᵽԺĻ̳ǰġ
ʱ΢΢ţ淺ˮϵ׺żںڶëڻˮ˵ľҲȥ
İ
౻˸ͻȻϮȻҸڽȻе㲻Ӧ˿ΨһֻйԹԵľƨɣΪΪһŮеζڴ˳̼ҵ񾭡⣬˼£ζɬɬġ
š㡭
ֳǽϣͷΪһܲȫĵطܵ͡
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ѹԼǽϵֻСճȭ״ýġ
Ѿֵʪֹͣ˱վǵǹʱˡ𡭡ͣ
ͣæֹңġ
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ҪҪСĴ󼦰͡
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§סƨһʱһʪĵڣһİšϷǶȿȥҵһ׵ķβɫҫ°׵ûۣԲƨļһεҵľҲɵÿеˡ
žһ෴һҵƨɡڿʲôЩ
˵ԸǽڿʼǰʶûӣͱʪˮΧȥġ
Ұ쵽ǰץǶҰֵıһ꣬һ߳š
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š
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㰡
תͷţǺһƬ

С챻ҶסˣҺ˱ŶԷ촽ƶ˵ģΪңҪŤġ
ɩӣǲҵˣǲǴĵﰮң
ǰΪΪѩƨɣ鲻ԽʵΪ˸ղɩĿõһУѩƨɵ˰ɩкĹߣʱΪɩеһƽȻҲ࣬ʱɩҲѾ֪ռһ䡣
Ұ㡭һ𡭡
Ťͷȥǽڳҵײ
ҽʲô㶼˶԰ɣҵūԲԣ
ԽԽ죬Ѿʪһ㡣뵽ԶɩΪΪǰɫɩҲǴھԵ֧λﲻɵӿһ˿⡣
ˡСū
೹׵ĳǵذϮĿУ붼ûͻشҡ
ǺãҪһɩӵжమҡ
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Сꡭеİһ취ҲûС
ǸУȷʵ벻ҸĿУֻҵ֮¡ҺһǰŲһ߳ǰߣһ߸͵ĿУǴ̼֡
չ¥ǽǣ˿ĵƹ⡣Ҫ˰ɡ̫˰ɩ߲˰
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Уǻǰߡ
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಻ߣԱƨɴ㵽ǲߣ
ޡߡߡ
˵ţǵǰš߶ķڲͣĽһγҵ֮¡
ͣͣǧôҺһߵ˿Ĵ⡣ڵƻ̸ͨЦĴ齫͸￴˿ͽǶԼңͶǶԼҡñǣԱŹʣһϣ޵ԱŻͷ
ֳڴ̨ϣ·þƵĵͷ档֪ʵǲɷںɷڽһȴ֮¡
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ҵͷԵĲڣεץƨɣʹҲġ
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ͷʹҡҡͷԭͷһɢ
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Ͼͷҵ˵ţһӽ˳һŮ˷ʱеζƮҵıǼ⣬ɩӣ㶼˷ܳˣװʲô
໹ֳڴ̨ϣͷĬҿ֪˿Щʲô
㲻Ҳܰɶʱ򡣡
Ҳվţֱ߰ĳѩ׵ƨɡ
¹ˮйذԺӣ̨͵˶ԭؾĲӣΪ಻òˣͰַƨɣ׼ٴβ롣
𡭡Żȥɩˡ
ҵϣ׼ʱعͷץҵʪﰧɩǸ
˵ʹı۾˫۵һ˲ҿۿǾӨˮ
ٴǰᣬҵȴޱȿȻְ۾ˣûٱ֪Ѿ׵ıԼˡĻǲ˸ѣԼİŮᣬҾȻ޶ԣ˿̵Ѿȫƣֻ֪ǰ壬˵ĸܡҰһζ׼ʪܵһ

һѹֵһƹֱ룬˸
ɣűյò֪ɺδء
ҿſüɫĽﲻ֪ж⡣ֻܽıƨɿʼĳš

ܵͣɻǱˡҼһſ۾
оԽԽȣҲԽԽʪҸɴıϣͷںڵ㷢ϣֽıƨɳ͡һ˿˿ķķʴҵıӣ̼

ҲҵȾĽƨɿٵӭ͡
ҵͷʱĶǰ׵һͣҾһӽ˼£̶ֽǰδеġͬʱȵˮֱͷ
ɩӣôˣôͿ쵽ˣ
ҲԵ
ûлشңֻ㶵Ŀ
ڿʲô
ҲɵЩ֣Ҳ̧ͷ￴ȥӲĲڡ




    024

˳һһǳϵľҵǰʣǳСӵѩ׵Ĵĸš
աѵУ
ʶĽЩ׼Ϊ֪һ潫޷ʰҺճһĳ̬Ҳⲻᱻ֡
֪ô̼ݴ˿ҵ飬Ҳһղںǰ׵һӽȻҲΪʣȵԵʡ
ʱʣʼĽ쵽ı󡣡СҪƨˡ

Ȼϣʣƨɣںͱ˵ЦţװʲôҲûӡ˾ҵԺһըˣ벻ʣ軹һ֡
Ӱһһ棺ʣҵĿҺ緹ҿƯصǺǣССҼҰʣһ㶼Ȳ㣬ֱֱֻȥġ
˵ʲôƵһ¡
ֲ˵ʣֱֱȥʱˣԭѾʣֱֱȥĶˡ
а
Һ඼ͣǰһĻҵεĲڡ
벻ɣɩӡ
Ķ
ţ벻ʣᡭ
˵ͷӲҼԼ촽
Ǹ˰ɩӡ
￴ȥ
촩һۺɫĶ˯ȹǶȿȥÿȹŵƨɣȥǺܴ󣬵ȥָһʣǸĽļһ
ʣƶúҲѾƨɡóʣǺСĵġʣƨץһɲǣ͵һ
裬ǲǿյ̫ˣҿ㶶һ¡ҪҪȥص
ʣ״æ˻ȥװеʵ벻һԽתͦģ治˵Ķӡ
ûûʲôơ
װµ˼ƣǿƵ˻ǴƵ˶ųĬȫעƾ֮С
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ʣʣ÷˰ɣŮ˲ǲóѵġҵɩӺá
аԳЦŹʣҲΪҰ˳еҸ
ܾλͻϵǹʣһ;ʮ㣬һ֮ȻַֽŵƨϣȻץúܽҿ˯ȹ嶼ӹʣָ伷˳
Ҵ۾·ںͷžòֹʣҲ벻ʲôõİ취ԱϹʣĶƨʺŲŲԷ㹷ʣпڹʣһ١ٶɧ£ҲһĿУɿܱӭϡ
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˲̸֪Цţ͹ʣ޼ɵĸ͵ĽɿУ벻벶ȸں󣬱Һڴ⿴˸ֺ
֪ʣϰ֪ʣԼʱһı飿벻һɧʣֲСѧҵ˶ϵǲŸ߰˶ӢҸǲˡɶʱпˬһ°
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С꣬СЩʲôǲҲƨɰ
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ǰʣãô
а룬˵ǲ˵ġּеβھɩӵĴƨɣ
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бȥ۸ɩһˡҲ֪һǲʮëͷСġ
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аԵš
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˵ѾˣˮڲŪʪܵˡ
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ҼҵĳﲻԽ˵Ψһľֳڴ̨ϳҵĳ͡
֪ʲôʱ򹴴ϵģôϵģ
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ӰתճĿңˮķ·Ҫγˮһ㣬ƨҵĶҰڶСӭš
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˵𽥼ӿ˳͵ٶȣԽԽ졣
Сɩ̲סҪ˰
˵ͷſһҧҵļϡ

⧲ұһҧڼϣķƺߡ
ҪڹʣҵԺĻгоݸųѾݽҼһҺҧŵĵط˳ųѪˡ
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˵źҵĽҡ׵ƨɡ
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ʱͽϴӵվ
ʮƣΪţǻصǽǿĵط뵽쵽ƨɵ£ߡû뵽ڵĹϵиǿҡһ·ţһߺҵĦţĸоڷ̽³
Ů޽ߵİͷҵĻƢһĴҵıǼ⡣۵˫ζĦҵţǽƨɻļҵĴУϴĿн֯һ𣬳˴ķ̡
תǽǵһ˲̵ĺˮֱһĸоҵĴ̼ŹͷֱԼʡɩӡҡҵˡ
ҴŴƴľҺޱڡͬʱ˽ͽϴ򿪷ţԺ
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϶ǱСɣֲøղŴĲɣǳ率
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ֽڿ˹ϸϸһ顣ǿĿһ̲պۣˮɺԺµӡղҴҵ¥Ϊ˷ܹȣˮڿʪˣڿȥˡҰڿŵǼţ·ŵһɧɧζŮ˷ʱеζŸղ͵ʣľͷЩ
ŵʱʣſˡһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
⣬ϲˡ
һ˲ҵԽתתδأڿǳ壬Ҹô죿




    025

ŲѾߵ˿롣̵ģ粻ƫƫˬʱ
аšɱϾ˿æһѽڿӻطļϡ
ǰŹϰɡ
뵽Ҵԡվһſ˳ȥ֮ǰŹϡ
ϵٶô죬ϴּžҵĽŵصһ˲űˡҺһ˸
㶵վſھȵĿųҡһֻŲԡһֻŲԡҲ㶵Ŀһʱ·һ㡣
ϰһۺɫT°һɫڿ㣬ֻñTİţ·ѳ˿ģѩ׵ĴȱɫڿеýҿĲɵõһһ֮ҵһͻëΧʾʮȽ¾
ԡѼȸ·ϵˮƵġ
㡭㡭
΢ӣɫС죬ǰһĻ˵һ˲ĻƣĿǸڰֱ
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һӱÿڳͨһæëס壬ԡȥ
Сꡭ㡭ȥһºòã
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͵ӽУţٲȥҿҪﲻסˣˣС硭
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ҰַڶУŵ˵ʵһֲ©ֻҪϷϷ
֪ϲʱһʲôӣ
ԺȻһͷ
ȥһваС硭
ЦȻȴС׵ĴȰ׵ûۣ㲻ȥҡ
ôǲΪ飿벻͹ʣϷˣƤô
Ҳ˲ԡˮҪϲͷһӱ쳣ǿҴЦŵСҲãҲãǲȥġͰʱҶ࿴һۡҪҲԵ¥µĻ̳ȥ
С꣬ôʰ㡣
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˵ҡĿңһ˳ŽӹڵذĴשϡ
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ü˵㲻ϳȥ۾òãʵ̲סˡ

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ӵĺ˼š
ԴƿˮͰӵǿһ°ɣͿһ´ҲʲôҿǸ˾ӡ
ҰԸοԼ͵͵ؽ۾ſЩ۾
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ܿ죬ϴ裬صԼҡϷţڴϷǱͷĹŴС˵ϲԩҡ⼸ûŮ˵ͿⱾաɩɩӸսһأǲóˡ黹Ҫġ
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С꣬ˡ
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緹Ҷһ˳Сϡ֪ģҾǲһţڻرʲôƵġСֵ糿һ֣СĽ˷
߹ɩСʱɩѾСæˡ糿ĹϵСûʲôˡɩʱڲСΡ
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˵Цɩӿġ˼ҹŮǷԲʮ֮ڰһģɫɱʤһ
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һ촽ͷҲƵǰܿˡ
ȵҰ
ҽеǰȥ




    026

ϰģΪҲʹһʵ˫ƶˡʱһζ¹Ѿˡ﷢˺ܶ飬¹֮ǰҲû뵽ҵ֮ͯ¹ƵŮˡʣҲѾˣ͹ʣһദúǢһһ
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ϸ꣬Ŀ֮ȻǺܺãȴǳĺá뵽ɩͻҽŮѣұΪƯҾͲɵҪĵ﷢Ц
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ҵϣû˻ش𡣵һᣬûжеֻϵˮ̨ϵĵδ
᲻ڼҰɣôôù˻˿աһٽԡû˵ĻǾͻȥɩӻˡ
뵽ҾԣѲһʼôˡ
ɩӣɩڼ𣿡
ҼӴɤŵʱ˴Сֵǰ߹ĻһҵĽ
벻ҵһû˻ش𡣡ɩӹȻڼҡ
ҵ͵ĳȥ˵ǵ䵽˼㡣˥˥ҵ϶ҿĶԲסˡ
鲻ѡȴǹһֱҼֱЦԷǡ
û취ֻȻعʣҡ
뵽תɡ׼عʣҡߵԺſʱ᷿šѽһôͷɥģ
ϤתһȻࡣһɫȹվڶ᷿ſĿҡ
һɿϲӿͷҸüεǡ´ղڣΪ㲡ѰǧٶȣȻףȴڵƻɺ




    027

ɩӣ
ڶ᷿ǰҾϲӵĽееĲ춼Ӱ
еô½ַھڽң
ĻЩ֣ȴֵ֣ЩƲ֡
ɩӣԭڼġղûлشңҲ޳
ɡߵ᷿ǰ˸Ȼ˵ЩţɸղʮֵҲʵ顣
㿴㣬ڲˣǲǣų¹ҿһҲûСʮˣҲǸˡ
ҡҡͷ߻ӡ
ѽɩӸǰԶǳСܡ
ĺƤЦš
ôϤ龳ͺҳεһͬǵʱ໹
ͷţȹβסˣҵһ֪˺龰ÿһθߣıӰԡ
ӣҴŷ䡣ᵽʣѾˣ⻹ҰȥһλصҵĶ᷿İû仯һࡣΨһͬľ˼űӣд̨϶һ绰һʮĴĲʵ磬ҵ˫˴ϵطڱ˽ĴǷŴľǷŲ᷿ġ
ϴ͵ɩʱ˵ͺһΣؾҵĴİɡɶĽȻҵĴϺɩӡ
ŴϵŵͷﲻɵӿЩ⡣
ڿʲôô𾢣
վڴʵ
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컬˵붺һ㡣ҵﻰ
ͻɩˣƶ졣û취
˴ϣ̾˿е㲻ġ
ɩӣĺ㡣⼸ϰʱֲú̫ܣˡ
Աߡ氼͹ߣƢ㣬뵽˼ĺŮԣҵ淢ļͦ
С֪꣬ɩӣ⼸쿴ҵɩӾ֪ˡ
ͷ̾˿ӵĵ䣬ɩҲģΪʲôڽңһֱڵġ
㲻һô֪ɩҪġ
ЩƵ˵

ֵûлشһӱüžֻд̨ϵ̨ڵδδš
ɩôˣҰ
Ĭʵ

໹û˵ֻյýģǿʲôƵġ
ɩӣ㵽ôˣ᲻˰ɡ
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ҸղűҪȥСģСѾûûؼˡ
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ﰵһһɲղŬԼˮ
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ʱҼ۽߳һξӨ顣
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иơŮģ룬仰һҲ
ɩԭԭ벻㡭㡭Լߵġ
תңǵξӨǾϹ䣬ڼӲˮϡҷ·ۼǿžӨ͸ˮײһ˲һɢͬҵϰʹ
ҡڴ󿴵㲻˵ӡ֪Ҳ񵶸һܡء
һӷҵǰƲסĴ
Ϊʲôأʲôÿ޵أ
а֪һŮ˿ľͷʹİŮ˵ĿҲ֪ڵ׸ô죬ôοֻѡĬΨһֻаظͷϣḧ㳤ĺڷ
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š
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ҽ§ڻޣɩӡҲǰô
޴˵ΪΪûڽſ޵ġ
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涵Ŀţ˵𾪵Ļֱʯ쾪
ԭɩΪ֮ұȻҪ£ͲȥСҲûоһĸ׵ζǸôŮ˰
һ˲һȻжమңжʹ࣬ҪŮ֮ѡʹࡣ
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ҵıӶʱоģ޵ĸо
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ҵĺɩӣŮˣ˵ƽ⣬ҲûбŮлҪˡȻǳɲ˷ޣһúô㣬ܵ˿ί
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벻ң
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෢˽ʴǵ֪ں˷ܣΪղҰƨƵʱöڴȻȹܹ룬˷ܸȴҲ˿ѷɫġ
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ָ¶ϻȦ
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ġ
ϲ˭ɩӵƨɳúðһ仰ݾǷʶ塣
ࡣ
㣬ɩӺг𰡣
Сţʲôʶ壬ͻ˵Ϊ򰡣
˵ɴſҵϡһԿ˵ǹ鷿ѹҵǰȻѹЩоǾġͷĿҡһҵĶͷصһ¡
ϣͿͷȫĭˡ
ֲ˲ͷ
డɩӲˡ
촽ӣԸС
ĻᰡɩӡˮʲôĵطˮҪء
˫ص˵ԱһİָȹڿڵĲλᰴ˼¡

෢˲Ƶ
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š
ԹԵİϵȹȥ
һҵǰСһİ̺Ͼݡ촩һɫ£Ѱ͹ø͸
ףɩӣôôӣǰôûм㴩
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ӣɩǴ㿴İҪ֪ɩӽϾڵˡ˵ϲҴ˿Ҳһϲġҵǲ
ƤҵıӣôɩӺÿô
ÿÿɩӿ¹һء
ϵ˿࣬о˿⻬ȥȷʵֱ̼֣ͦͦĶȼ䡣
ҿ㰡ٱȥҪ˰ɣ
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    028

ɩӾͻֹؼʱ̵ӡ
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ɩ㣬ɩûк˵Ůѵ£
ڴϱĿҡ
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ǰɩҹˡɩ㣬ǲҪȢµϱ
ʵ˸Ĺԡ
ǵȻġΪܹɩһʲô඼ԸԵġ
ĻشҳĵĻΪûŮҸȢũǲŽмˡ
ɩӵĺС꣬ɩûˡˣզզɡ
˵İѼнſЩҵ»ɡ
ɩӣ㻹û˵ɩҪҽ˭ء
ָĲŪָ֮һƬʪ
ڲܸ㣬ɩӻû˼˵ء˼֮ͬٸ㡣
ġָ֮£Щ˷ܡ
ҰϷһԻı̼ҵ񾭡⻬׽ͷɽϵ׺ɫӣңǿšָƤͷϲ˲ͷ񲻵һ𡣿ͷҵĴ̼һǴҲһ˱
㡭㡭ʲôӴ
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㲻ҲǺ˷ܰ
סҵŪţ˵ɩô

ҵ˵ͷָĳš󡢹ҲиŬ·
ɩҪ㡭
Ե˵һֻҵͷһּŪҵ
ҵͷˡǵòּҡĸܵҵ촽ҵĳݷ֮̽ѰšҲᴥ⣬˴˵Һһ𣬲ҡ
һס鷿ţоһƵģôҲΡ

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˵ҰһһԴĳҵǰ
ûɩӶ֪㿴˶ٱˡ
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ȥЩǺŨܣںڣѩ׵ĴȼӳԭߵеøޱȡЩ˷ܵĹϵƬ΢΢ſ˵Ũ֭ҺʪʪġָĲس˼£һṤָϾѾճҺ
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ԵͷѱǼ̰֮˱ţһɵֱǼ⣬ҵӵӲֱָСİǿۺɫ͸ɫˮ˵Ҫĺ⻹΢Ĳȥһ京ŭŵĵ
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֮һƬʪһɬɬζ⡣Ŭùšҵ֮£ڷ˵ʪһͿ

﷢һƳ
ƵٶȽļӿ졣ҵƤ£ƬϷĽ紦һСϢķű仯ҿֱϷԵı仯ֻССƵļӾ磬ֻһһǴ󣬳˲϶С
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𡭡ͣÿһ㡭
ߡץҵͷ֮䰴ȥԶѾȫڽĿС
תĿ꣬ʼС֪еشͼӴȡ

һץͷһ﷢ĺߺ֤ҵŬйЧġʱҲҵľ磬ֻ֪ͷͣ
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ֻ೤˿ַ̧Ż˴ϣС꣬ԽԽˣֻһɩӾͱŪ
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ܺÿҿǰٿء
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ʱȾԵյסֻ֣֪ͦ˵µס

һ˲ǵͨ죬еú죬ͬʱҸоһǰδнεšһȵҺҵĹͷϡ
裬ôˣôˣ
СĴţлš
㣬ôˣ
һǵŮݺö
Ҫһûأô죿ͣҲУղĽСˡ˵ǻŶ롣
ҿſϽһʱ޴롣




    029

ˣЩ󡣡
ſҵϣҵĶĵ˵һߵӣ̼ҵ񾭣ʹҵӼͦĲڡ
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ʲô
С˵
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϶һζԲסˡ
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š
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ҰšȻȥһĳ嶯һڴһҶ·СС̡
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֪ģɩӡ
ҰƨŲһŲͷ׼ڣоͷһʪòӣһƬ




    030

ɩӣҲȥˡ
ҷĶԵ

۾Եĵ˵ͷһҵ
ҵƨ˳ǰһһڵķѾȥ˴롣оһʪȵĻ˷ܵüҪ쳤Хˡ
ޡЩ
۽ë΢Ĳ˲·ЩʹƵüͷ
ɩӣʹô
ҹЩͣŲֻʣ¸ͷڡ
û
۾ҡҡͷںڵͷɢϯϣӳӸӽס
ĳ˼ֻһĹѾʪʪҺԵճޱȡȥһͿҺĹӡ
ɩӣҪӿٶˡ
ڵ°ƨɸд¶˴⡣Ȼ̧˫żҵļͷ쵽±߽֬ƨ׼󶯸ɸꡣ
ġҪȥ˰
˵ţ˫ֽץϯӣϯǺܹ⻬ģֻùҪұƨɣ˵Ҫ´ڡ
⻬׵ȾͷԣһŮ˴˳˿еζ̼ҵ˼ʼ͡
ɩӡɩӵĳѾ˰ôôŵİ
˵ţԾĽβӭա
ûлشֻ֪ͣĽ롣ÿһ룬ҷͬһĽиС
ǶȿȥÿͣĽںڵëСײ֮¶ᣬҵëһ𡣱ˮͣıͿĨ˫ëϣʹ˫ëȥ͹ⷢ
խεĹסҵڸǽҧҵڵⲻ֪߳ܵĳͷһƵˮ˳ÿҵغη죬ʪʪˮմѵġ
꽥ĴҵĶҲļӿ죬ˮܵ䷢δͷңӦĳͣһɵζСﷺ𣬴̼ҵ񾭡
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ҵĴﲻоƨһԭֻҵƨɡ
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һ̺죬ֽҵƨץøҵƨɴʹУཫҵƨɶץˡ
ҲܣҪӱɩӡ
̬ǿӲ˵˵꽫˳顣
ǵͨ죬ðĿ˵𡭡ȥޡ
û˵꣬ҾͲƨɵֽ˳ʱһζŨҵɢ紼ưһ˲ŵԲԲģ·뿪е˼һۺɫĺҲ΢Ĳһ߲һߴɫĭ״ˮ
ɩӣ
βվϡĻϲΪʱ廹鶼Ѿƿأƴӵġ

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ûˣɩӣ
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ɣôһˣûء
аæ߹ȥ
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վԣˣ淢Ӳֱ

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㡭㡭ͻ۸ɩӡ
ҵϣ۾߳˼ξӨ顣۾䣬ǽ׵ϡ
۸˰
Ҳķſ֣űʹİп˵ȴڲֱš
ҵʲôˡҪ
˫΢΢Өˮ˳ӹҼ
ҰɩӵҪ˰Ժ󲻻ɩ˵ˡ
æϵ۲ȥӲֱֱĶС
˵Ļ˵ˣɩӷô
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źü˰ɡǸţݸˡ
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Լظ֤
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˵Ӳϴš
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ͦŸӲﰧţƽʱҾԲһŮ˵ģͬеϣҵܹ²Դ˵һҡһӲֱʱһڶСһҡͷ˼¡
͡ͷĻЦϵɿȥȷ˵ĽҿòɵЩˡ
Сɵϣ㲻ҪӱɩôԼ취ôӲĳء
գգֵۣ˵ţ·ʱѾƵġ˵ϴӣ׵ͬҫۡ
ŵ΢ΣҵǰɵһⲻҪôæߵֱסβоһƬ⻬¿ŵðβĳҵǰ׵ļݵι˷񡣲иղŵĽѵȣҲֻǾβĥ˼¡
ϴšŸﰡŽȥ
عͷҵͬŮһ㡣
Ůģ룬͸Ҳţһ᲻գһֽҿ㣬㲻
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˵Ұƨɷ׼ڣڻʪġ
ƨ˳ǰһ˸ȫûʱһƬʪȵΧ

Һͬʱһ
ұƨɿʼͣԹԵϴӣƨСײ֮·žžϵҵСĶײ֮£Ҳû˿ĲȻ
ҵĳˡ󡢹󡱵ˮŢС·ϡоԽԽʪԽԽȣѾû֡žһеëڽˮѽΧһȦĵ涼մʪˡ
̫ˡ
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̤̤̤Ҫһʱ򣬴᷿һСܵС̵ģǻҺ¡
а
СʱҪƬġС꣬ɩ취ա
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ʱſڴСĽ裬ҳԺˣҪƬˡ
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Сš
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ڴڱ̯һϯ棬ڴµһţһ־
磬ʮˣͬģ԰ɡ

ҪܸŮѰɡ
а
ʮˡ

˵㣬㿴˼Ҵͺ͹ʣ̸ˣ׻׼ء

û취˭ʱء㣬ҼǵǰǶ׷ģô͹ʣһˣ

ʲô׷Ǿ˵Ҳϲ벻ǸģҪ˵ƯֲŮû׷Źء
ҵԽһ˲תת
ǡҲ֪
Щȵĵ
ǵȻˣҺʹСðʲôǲҵġ㣬ҲҪõİ뵱һǸʱҵľ㡣

ⶼŰǻǶһʱˡ
Цŵ˵һӶ޼᲻ðѹŮ޸ޣнˡҿԶûʲô˼ġ
С̣ղ˵ʲôһΣ
ȻС˽
ССԸˡ
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Ŷ--СϴĲˡ
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--ҪȡЦˡ
ЩΪ顣
ģǰһסǼҵģ֧ƶĸɲأһ

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ʱСĲ˽裬ǲС壿˺ܺõġ
԰磬С˵ãǲǸÿһ£ʱѾˡ
Сû
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Ȼҿı飬һǺġ
Ǿô˵ˣ´νӣ档

ȥţ˵ľЩǰ£ҶϼҵҲЩ˽⡣ϼɩϼլû·ĸȥסڲңﻹһսûõĸ硣ǿչš
ഩһۺɫ˯ȹֿɼĵطĵѹŵֿʼȼղ˵ġɩ취աҵһӲҳ˸ƣҪӲ˼˵ҪڡһӺܱϵ˿ġ
Сչƹ˰ɣСһ𿴰ɣҪ˯ˡ
೯ҵ˵ͷ
žһ£СչƹˡĹϵǺܺã˵֮һƬڰֻеӻĻ˸⡣ɵĵطһƬڰ֮Уֻܼһʵ
ҵķŲŲӣҿøˡ̲ס˰ɡ
аԵ⣬ͬʱڲҲŲ˹ȥ
ڰֻ֮еӻ﷢ٺٹĴС϶þ۾һ֮ҺһСһסҵҵ鷿
˯ȹҰ鷿˼£ŷ˯ȹû֣ȥʮ㡣ͷѾĴʾ˷ܡҪиһĶʱƿҵ֣תȥҡ
ôˣתȥѵֲˣ
ӹһ˿ɻЩ⡣ϸһ룬ֻȻ˵ţҵĺɩӰ




    031

ͻȻ֮תȥһʼһͷԣϸһɩӵġԭôǷҴӺֱڿҾô
ʱҵֱֿ˻֪ʲôݡ
ĿȥԼСƨϣӲֱöη֮䣬оƨеúȻ˯ȹܹо¡
ʱҵѾ˴¡һͷ˿ֻܿأܿϵ֤ϵСʱҲҺһҾ
ǧɱС磬ˡ
ҰţֻоԼֱ
ְ˯ȹãĬҵĶƨ΢̧Щ÷ҽ˯ȹȥʱǷ·һ϶Ĵű˴˵Ķ
ڰ֮ҽ˯ȹõʣ¶ѩ׵ƨɡҰȥһƬ⻬ϸĴдָ⴫Լʡƨɱһխڿš֮䣬ǲɵĹϵҵƱȼеεģܶİԲ˲İſЩ÷ҵĸ
Ŀãƨɷһ࣬ĸоָĴϡϡĳЩë˳ŴڣѾЩʪ⡣ǿһָĲس鳶šһṤҵָѲҺ﷢ˡˮҲҪעټϵӿŵĹϵҸõıСˡ
оһԭ෴ҵŪšҵʱӲòˣеҪ롣֣İ˻ȥ
˲ýڿȥҼİȼĿһӱŽη֮䣬ͷһƬʪˮͼ˿ˮëƨԷֿЩҵԸ׵Ĳ롣ƨ΢ǰ˳ˮ󣬹ͷݽڡڵıСʲôֻܽڳͣ˰βŲС
ҲĽƨ󶥹ʪһİһһıֱ
ʱ﷢ѹֵĵôʱӻô󣬳֮˵û
ڲȥˡ
ҲһԼŮ˰ʱָоҸҲΪҰƵǰǹ͵鷿ɸ˯ȹһܸоͷøӵͦ
ָŪͷСŪԼĵһʱתڰ֮еܿˮת˫Ŀҡ
һָҵĸĦ˼¡ô
Ȼûг֪˵һ仰Ķ͹еȫܶе顣ۡɩ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷҲûҲȫҵ⡣
һжںڰнУһֶôĺгȻһ˲֮ҷֲ֪ʲôʱҺ֮Ѿ˺Ĭ
ĺǰֱӴҵıǼϣʹҵӵļͦ鲻ԽĽ§ڻ̧ƨǰͦͼºһ𡣴ֵĹϵֻҵĲͷ˱ơһͬ߰ʪͷҵĳݷ죬òҵĿǻҵһʱҺ
ҵͷȴҵܲ˵Ĵ̼˭ܵĿжһЩأ
ҵԺһֵͷǵذϮĿвҶ룬ֻ֪ε鷿ĳ
˵촽ճһĲԸֿĺĵļڰ֮ҲܸоġĵҲԽԽʪʳˮ±ߵĴϡ
Сƽ󣬷ҲӵңСȴǴޡ޵޲ڴǰĵƾСͦŴֳڱǳĳ壬Ůȴ֪ĿŵӾ磬붼еֵĴ̼
͵İһƣﴭŴظڼٵĺһһָָؿڣֵ˵ıӣ֪˼˵촭ˡҵ˵ͷʾ⣬ֽͷ͡
ǾŤҳ岻ְת˻ȥ˱ҵơ
ʹ鷿ļӿ˳͵ٶȡ﷢ˡȥҵĽиУҽļӿ˳͵ٶȡȻȻƨһʹԭ˷ܵ÷ץסҵƨɣָ׶ٽһʹ֮ҵƨ͵ǰһͣ貿ƨײһ𷢳ˡžһ졣ͬʱоһսεġ
ãҪ¶ˡ
аһ˲ǵǵĿУæȵ˳˴¡⻬ƨ¶ͷ׵βڵӻߵɢ޵ĹâһɵζɢҪˣСŵζôιȥ
Ҷʱ
㣬ôˣ
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СиӸղڶңҴˡ
æ˯ȹȥ¶β㻹ǵ㡣
˵ĳӣ·Ƶġֻ֪ΪѾǶҪֻˡ
ɩԽ磬ܹסɢζٺ١
аһʱҲɵ˼ά
裬ְżҵӺö࣬ۼҶˡ˯˯ţԼá裬ۼ¥ɶʱã
СȻʵ
һ°ɣ÷̾Ϳ԰סˡ

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˼ղҲŵģںȸղŴЩˡ
Ҳŵˡ
СҲһԸš
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æŻŵһ㣬ʱһƯСݵĿУѸղǹζǵһɶ
ѵõźúɵ˴£ǲűҡԵĶߣֿʼЩ಻סˡϢƶ󣬽Ӳͦһβڡ
˼£ٶͿճ״ˮ﷢ˮҲһһĴæֹͣ˳ͣĲڲҶ
תЩĿңȵıϢҵϡָָҵʾôˡָָҺӴָָĶ䣬˼±ߵ̫ˡһʱڵĺǽ״ҳգգۣЦЦȡЦҲ˸ͷŤ˻ȥ
һᣬٶĹϵʼղܸҴһĿСô죿
ǹִּͦĲڣֲҴ󶯣һСǿɾһҲˡҲͬ뷨
ӻﻹڷƬҺôţоЩȻζˡֹͣ˳͡컹ˣԺһɡ
̾˿ɴཫڳ˳ϲˮ·˵ҸĲƽ
ҲתţȥЩǸεĿҡҵ滹ʪˮϸµŪšôʹңҸæ˸ЦʾԼû¡һֻסڸĦ֣ͣҳҡҡ֣˼ǽϾˡͣ˵ͷҵ˼
ʱ̨˱ʱѾʮˡ
㣬ˣҪ˯ˡ
ڴ˵ˣСҲ˯ɡ
ҪٿһᡣڰְֵżûӿģҺܾûˡ
Сѵӹˣ˯ˡ컹ءϻԿġ

Ŷ
СЩԸĻش
֪˶ãҪ˯ʱеӱƣ۾һԭ࣬ЦĿңʳָ촽ϣʾҲҪ
С磿
͵͵ĽϵûκλӦ˿Żء
ˣڿˡ
вɵðԸˡ
վֵ£С˯óġ֣һĴӴ˳ȥ
վڴǰ˯ˣС˯úܣ˲ռ˴̡˯ţһɫ˯ȹ¶˯ȹ׵ȣͬ˯˰Ư㳤ĺڷסգʹֻܿľ°ͣļѩһסղϴʱҿһûأ֪Ưõ
ҵĵӿһҪĳ嶯ɵôĿ
ȥԺеǻᡣ
˵Ҳæơ
ѽһСݵűʱľæӿŲ߳Сݡˡ
Ժĺ˼еʿЩЦá
ɩӣϴһűһΣ
վԺź£Ұ§ڻҧĶšӲһζС
ĿңҲоõӲȡ˰
ǺܼľֺܾڴҵĶֻҪȥһҵġ
Ǻðɣɩӣ´лʱҪɩӼӱҡ
ϸһ£ýЩ꣬Ҳû
Ŷ--㻹ȥɣ
͸¶Щʧֹ·Сĵ㣬Ϻʪġ
ȡһصһ¡ɩӣǲһʪ
˵ҴЦЦ
Ҫˣʲôʱ㻹ûûصĿЦɩӲˡ
۲תĿңߡ
´λҰ
ծһ˵
ߣǷҵĻûء
СһƲ
Ƿˣ

ļԿϴڹʣԺ㡭㡭
·ΪƵĶ˶٣˵֮뿪ʱԺſ˵ġ
ԭ
һȻԺʱ˵Ļɩӿ϶ᱨģǱһ󡣡
Ҫ֪ɩӲẦҵġ
װɵյ
֪ͺá
ЦȻ
Ҫˡ
ҴԺš
źɡʪˡ
ɡݸңе˵һɷŵСϱ˲ȥ
ˣɩӡ
ཿ޵ӣһ̲סҪӵɡһν§ڻһס˳嶯ת
ңϽϣϳûеڶˣ֪Ѿˣֻ֪ѾСϾĵģֻҴҴҵĽŲˮϵ䵽ʯϷĵδ
ɡţƵ·ƽҵӰϳϳֵʯʪʪġ뵽οĶԲסˣԼ˵úúõģϻȥԷҪա
ſȻͦ϶ΪԼΪе߳ܣΪԼ˽Լĳŵӵצ۹ȥˣ㻹ǲǸˣڻڵңҸԣνͣ
Щߵ˹ʣļſڡ
ƿԺţ˽ȥԺһƬڰҵﲻɵӿһˣϾֱˣǿӦȥġ
С¥оʱеʱԵһá¥¿Ĳǰ׼ЩԡΪʣҵĲ˶Ƿϣ̨סģƽӶʱҲôò˳Եģ˵·
̨һ߰˸ˣһǴСźһԵģһ̴ͼȿҲұȽϲġĳΪЩ˷Щ򡣿ķˣһûİڷţֱ˵ĸо´갡´꣬ȻǹʣŮˣûжԲ㣬Ϊôɿڵķˣֻ֪Լȴ֪ԼѾһ⡣
ҵʱ޾
ࡢࡱʱڲпˡû취Ǹ֣һٲԶûţ˵Ͱɡ
뵽˿鼦ȳ㣬ջ治Ǹǵġ
ż飬ҵһ˿ɻ󣬡ʣϰֳȥôˣûؼңסڹʣôЩӻûʣϰִ绰ͷ˰ɣʣ˵Ҳǹʣϰ־ȡ
ӣĨĨյ촽¥ȥת¥ݹսǣŵһɾζԽߣζԽ󡣡ľζ
аơ




    032

˵ƣվ¥ϵĿ룬ǰһĻҴһԵڿƤɳ˯ţƿǸصĿƿڵذϡҼǵƿѾΪףԼնģѵһ˰ƿѾȫˣֻƺѾƿڵأԲŻӵľߵɳǰ
̷룬һȾ޵ĺ촽ıšһɫȹ͵鷿ǰȹŵø߸ߵġѩ׵Ĵȴȹ¶˳˺޲һѡһеһУĵױڵȴĲɳϣ˲ϧ

ߵɳǰĽһ˯ţû˿ķӦô죿ֲô˯ڿҹҪðġǰȥɡѹ֮Ҳ֪ġ
ҺǾôȥ
벻Ȼ֣ڻﻹЩġ˿㱧ҵǰʮ鷿ŵβǸܲ˵ˡղɩﻹûء˯ţǺơ
ҵԺһͷֲĽƨصץһ¡

Ů޵ĵһ¡æſץƨɵ֣ɱơ
ʵ㣬˵ʱɱ׼ѹֲΤСҪ߸Ů˵ġ
ʱҵսʤԼǸˣе»ҵĸо
ĴţǻﱧĹϵҲܿƣҾȰŵϡסڹʣжˣķһǵһνûƣͿĵƹսķԵЩ谵͸ĵƹ⣬ҿĴӵ룬һϸ˼İԼ򵥣һ³һƤɳһ׼ͥӰԺһױ̨
ǵţһŷžԶˣʱһƬ谵ұƾŸоķȥ˭Ҳ벻·ˣ֪ҵĽŵһá
ﰵһ˱泯һصˤڵϣѹҵϡ
Եע칷ʣʹûңûȥңֻСûлұҲûˤӣҺ֮ҲͲᷢʲôһеһվǷˡ
ǵùʹԺˡ
Ľųĵڵϣֱصѹһ£ζ˭ùġ
˵ʵʱҵЩ΢ϲΪղˤʱѹҵϣһԺ֮鷿ʵʵѹҵǰ⵹һʱ֮ͬ벻Һϱ˶ڲ˸ܽӴ谵֮гҺͳĺʲôҲûС

һ˳
ˣһˤˤˣ⸱Σ֪ʲô뷨뵽Ҫɡ
ҵԽתתЩϰ¡
ô¡ʣˡء
϶˵ţľҵϡ˯ʵ̧ͷЩǲӣǺȾƺˡ
鷿ѹҵţ̼ҵ񾭣ڵºԥһνҸͶֻǴҳѹûֻӲֱöȼ䡣ҵҲ̲סĴȥȻȹһеĸܵǶԱ˼£ʼղõôˣѹ
ʣôᡭһһ͡ӲġҪ
ŨҺ͹ʣֲˣܸܵӲȡ
µãҵɹʣˣҲȨ֪ɣ͵ߵĶ԰ײԡ
ҵ˹ʣҲ͵ʲõ鷿û̫
Ŷ
ɴȫҵϣͷѹҵļϣҵĶšһҵϣҲɵҲЩˡ
̫ðɣֵܵŮҲ棿㲻һǹʣֵô
ҵ鷿ʱԺͷϵĶַͣŵһԡеʱĺìܣΪʲôҲܼԼҪҵҡڲ
ҡôͣ˰
ľû˿Ķģζŵúܡҵֱǣһ鷿ʲôʣأģֲǿġ㹷ʣ԰ռĺĸżһкη
ҰѰ˼šʵ鷿ࡣ
Ҫ뿪ҡ
§ҵͷӵƵġ
ٺ٣㼴ʹߣҲߵġ
аΪ֪˶֮һ򿪾ҲϲˣҲʲôʥˣֻһͨͨСˣԼҡ
Ұִ鷿»쵽ʣȹã׵β¶˳ȥܹ⻬ʹĽºҰڿ㣬׼ʵڿ㡣ʱҿ˵ɫ죬ǰŮ˭ֻҪվͿˡ
ء
ڿҪʱϵͻȻҭһʱ֮Ū޴롣ƱŮˣô˵޾ͿأЩ⡣
ʣߡءҲҪ뿪ء첻ҶôġءҲŲҪʲôСꡭǸ˵㻰ĻҵĿʵװġء˴ͲҪˡء㲻֪ǶôµҪҪҡءҪ
ģһûһĿš˰ҲŪ˼ԭȻ˵ںʣңĵﻹǺںġԭҪյС꣬µͷʱȴ֪գģڵҲ˻
ŮˣԼ뿪ԼЯ»ȥΨһܹΪԼףյȴˬԼӰ
Ϊеϧ벻ӡ֮һŵҲвΪ֪¡֪жӿЩϧ֮⣬ֲ˵ʲôΪϾҲǹʣֻǲ§ͷĸŪĺڷһĵķƯǼ⡣
ҵǽŵĳţѹϣֿ˼ԵʣĶȼеش
Ŷ
ʱ³˽ʴǵֹͣ˳ʣҪˡǲǡáҵı
ʱ˸ãһƾĺҵϣҵӵļͦڰ֮ҲܿȫܸܵǸ˵̬
Ǹɧʲô٣ҲҲ̫Բʣˡ
ĵİԼг٣֪ӹһ˿죬ԭȻЩĸоڵȻ޴档ʲôҲû˵ֻǰڿҵж֤ҵԸ
ʲô㡭
˵ţһֱµ˵ɹʣ벻--´꣬ҵķ͡ȹѵһӣһѩ׵ӳҵǰֺֻխСڿ㻹ϡ
ںڰѾжʱ䣬ҵ۾Ӧ˺ڰЩǰĶˡǰ߷壬Ҳɵþ̾ߵɶ칤ʮ塢ˣ屣ôãû˵ʹࡢɩҲضáҽֳһԲΡΡĺ¶˳ɫͷڰ֮ҿͷɫֻɫͦšһס鷿
㰡
ûӵţĽҵĿӺͶ̿ʣʮ׳һαͦҹɫ֮С

ʱǽϵĹѾǰҹʮˡ
ʣô󡭡
ҵŪţ˵Ҫһ򡭡
˵ŲڸŪ˫֣ҵϣƨɱҵ
ܲˣ벻ʣ̵˷ɧȥҲһɧ
Ҳɵðʣ벻һ￴ȥһҺʵȴֶΣ죬ˡ
ƨɾø߸ߵģɫڿýģһƬζ˹֪ǳ츾˷ʱɢζ֪ģһŵζҾƲס˷ܣӵӲֱֱӲЩʹ
ǰѩ׵ƨɣɵʮеһ䡰ƨɴĥ
ȷʱƨҵĥһ˶Ů˵ƨҲ൱оġ
ҰڿһɢŵζѨ¶˳ڰпȥǺİǿָڰ˰ʱһҺָմʪˡ
ҪһȡжָʱùͷһһʪΧ֪С캬̫ˣ벻϶ˮƽôߡ
ͷһһµŪͷʱòŹͷۣһ֮ӹͷҵӶ˷ܵЩ
ôʣ
̧ʵоҵĲεš
ûлش𣬽ˮ󻬣Ұָسš̡̡ûͷҵڰ֮Уȥر˷ܡ˸ˮ˳ιǰĳʪһƬ
ûֵͷסʼ˱оѾմҺʪյġʣǸ쵰ֱϱôƯĺĸڼȴҪ̡
뵽Һ޺޵İָسø졣
桭
һ̧ͷŴš뿪촽İЩµͦţһӲ
ֽҵָ˲һĽָ˳̧һȣڿ˳ڿ͹һϣ˫뿪ڿԻˡҵҰţһֳŵذ壬һ
ӱ˵ƨɣֻһûвͳ;Ҫ˳æ۾ҪȻҪˡ
붼ô̼谵ķһȫ˾׵ķΣҪһڡ˭⸱Ļ涼̲סġ
ùͷʪһڣǿסĵĳ嶯ſ۾ֹͷѾڣСͷѾڡλѾԷſ֣쵽ָǿЩ˳Ĳ롣
ңһֳӣһ쵽һһµĶšоıһʪⶴɡ
ʮ£ȫûʱĵ
ʣر𳤡Ӳֵٵļ˰
βߺ˵Щƽʱ͹ʣ͵ʱҲ⸱ɧ
֪ʣôǲ
ˣȵʹҲҪ֭ˮˡ
ѩ׵βҵС·ɣʱı̽³ҵ𲻿ɶֹȼƨص£žž
˼ҴôʹŶ
ӣҵƶƨɣʱʱķ޵
Се
ҽıƨ϶ͷһδεĴ
ټеýЩ
Ļ䣬Ҿ;·˼¡벻Զ˱ơ
ǸطǱﰡġ
ԴԴϵϮͷҲ˵
㡭㲻ǹʣ
ڼβȻˣ־ּʵ
ͬʱһǵһѰĽидһӽýġʹңҲܸоŭ顣
ֲǹʣˡӵ׼ӵʵεĲڣѹҵϡ
ҵ˲תתȴʵץƨ




    033

㡭㵽˭㲻شҾҪˡ
Ӧܴҵ˭ģûгѹҵûǲڣоȺġ
С갡Ϊ˭бͽа㲻±˹Ҳʹ󵨵Ľаɡ
˵ұƨ͵Աһ
⧲һСУڵذϣұ˲ʽ
סǰʵ壬һ꣬һ߳壬ƨɺҵСײŷžžôɣ
ҸĶԵԽԽʪ
𡭡𡭡С꣬ˡǲġγȥǹʣѰ
״ε˵һ
ȻڵһֱײױȵĿУٵĺͽĵͿԸоõѵڵܸ߳ȴҲ޷Ͷܡ
ǸɧŮˣҵĳ壬ȴҪҰγȥôʰ㡣
аѶҾ˺αߣ׳ҵĿ¡Ҳ֪ôͷĵҡ
ҽƨ͵һƣޡ
һͽУ˳ͬʱˡ󡱵һŴʱһࡣʲô
ڰ֮ٵĴϢԡ
վߵűߣµƵĿأʱһƬݶĴ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
˫Ȳڴǰĵذϣһð鷿źһһͷѪǴ˷ܵĴţ˺޲һڡǶȿȥ˶ƨһ࣬޳ĴԵþӨ͸֮Ƭ΢ڵĴŨܵë΢΢ſ¶۵ڣѵĹżҺԵޱȡ
𡭡𿴡
Ƶһ鷿һ쵽ƨɵȷ졣
ߣղŻյ۽УȴװʲôŮװ˭ҿɲһס
ﰵšڻߵ飬ҵﲻ֪ӿһҪһٵĳ嶯
ÿ
ߵԹƨɺ棬Ӳǿֱţ沼ˮ
ޡ
ͽһץŽŷ˹ڷһ˲䣬ڵ֮ıֱҿ˸⻹ǵһοȫòֻëʵεķֲȽ紦ϷںŨܵëͽѩļӳȤ
ˣС꣬Ұɣɽӵİ
ȼеýģңȻ顣
ץϥеҴ򿪣ﲻͣĵţӰ
ʱѾȫԼ֧䣬ýİҪǲ룬˴ľҺҽӣʣءʣĶӶ㣬ƾʲôҾͲԿ㣬Բȥ
Ҳм˵Ϊ˴߳ģҹ˵ޱȡֻ֪ô˵Ĵʹ
ȻҵĻ󣬽һһ󳱺졣һֱ쵽ľӡģΪʲôҪôҡ
۾﷢εٿĴ۽߳˳Žӵڵذϡȷ·֧Ƶĵķ˿
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㻹ҪҵģԲԣ
ҹƨǰָĲŪ㿴ˮɽ㻹ʡ
˵ҽָ쵽ߡ
ҲҪġ
Ǻüƴҡͷ˵ͬһ仰
ʹı飬ҵӿ˿УҺࡢɩһʱδйĸо
ǰŮתĵӣҵøӲҽ׼˼£ʪڲ֪߳ܵȦŹͷҪ
ţ쵽ƨɵƾҵСôҵƨɱұýġ
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Ҵ³Ĳ֣ƨǰһһʪ˸ȫû
ʧһ뻽͵һ¡
ҷӣҴĽиУʼĳķաաһʱձޱȡ㡭ôԵʣ
ŤͷɫĲۿңǱõָƵϡ
ǸɧŮˣû˵ԲԼϹȴ˵ԲԼĶӣҪ״߳ġûشֻԹԵʶƨɣԽԽʪһƵˮ˳η˵ذϣȥһ̲
˵㲻Ҫգ㿴ǽϵĵط
§ǵ
ҪΪ顭
۾ҡͷһּƽߵĿСҵţҪҵĻѳȥҵεĶڣÿһֻͽ͵ӱ˴˵ĿС
ѵʣû㿴
§סƨɷ϶оÿһζһ⣬һİš
ӰôҰ
һ쵽ҵııңٵĺҵĶϣŪġ
Ҳյÿ
ҳ͵ƵԽԽ죬ʵţҲܵ糱ˮӿĿСһĸоĴӹͷϮҲĽץסƨʹš¹ĸ˲İ
˵š
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ѩ׵鷿ͣҵǰҡȥģ̼ҵӾ񾭡Ұ·ѵ
ƨɣʾվ
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ָָòɵĿ˵ֻùԹԵɵڴϣ׵ļڵƹ¸ǾӨ͸Ҵ˫ȣſ֮䣬ƨǰһͦһѾڡ

һƵĵͺߣֺȻĻҵҵĺӰ
ҸĶĿţʼĳ͡
ģЩ޿κεĿ˵ûˣʣѵĸ׶ա
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ʣңôѵյ㲻
Ҽٵĳϣ׵ĳҵĿ£ʱùʣ֪ǿɾһ㲻ˡ
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ճȭ״ýģóѾʼˡ
ҵĳԽԽʪϵķաաҴº󰡡
һ׵鷿һĳ͡
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˵Žҧ촽ǿżѿڶ
ⲻСڽô
ָָÿγ涼
󰡡һֻ궴󰡡
ԽԽ죬ȼеԽԽƨɲϵƶô˵֪ѾĿС
㻹׼½ʣ
ұƨǿĳͣ˵Ǹ˸˵סֻİţдϵϮԣͷһĸоԽԽǿѾﵽҪ侫ĵزˡãûﵽ߳侫ĻԺ϶Ҹġ
һͷǿʹҼͣһ˼ҪΪֹ
ˡҪ˰
ҡͷƴĽƨӭҵĳ͡
Ҫ˰
ȫѹϣĴԽԽ졣
Ҫ䵽桭ҪСġ
ŵҵӣ˷ܡŵıҲƲסԼ𣬲ϵʶƨɡȻ͵һޡӲˡҪ˰
һʴǵĵͽУңǽץסҵĸ첲ָݽоһյýģӿһȵҺޱĽڲײĹͷϡ
ʱһɵĸоԣ˰
Ҵžҵĺ͵ıƨɣֻһѾõľҺޱ䵽

侫ʹڴŴԸһֻ̩ĸоȫ
ѹҴˡ
ʹҡ
ҳӣͷĴ˸ҫ۵ˮûвĶܡ
ԣǰ͹µʵ

ǰĳ룬˼ֽݸҡɫĻָԵ֬
ðҲ
ÿκ֮ģʵ
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бһۣԹԵֽš֮Ͱ͵ֽմʪҺ壬һë
ӣԺвУ
ҺҵĸԼøɾʵ֪ʵǸɧŮˣһʼԳپͿԿ
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֪ˣӴӦˡǽҺһ˯ɡ
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ôˣôָо
ʹҡҡͷ




    034

С꣬ôˣ
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ǰˣʣʮ꣬ҲֻʮꡣʱҼ޸ʣϰûãʣİְֽӵһʴ⣬Ҫȥһ¡

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Ҳһ䡣
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Цһ䣬ʵ֪֪ʣϰߺʲôоô
Ҳ֪ôġ֪ԺյĻҿ϶ѹġ
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Ͱʣĺ񡭡
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϶ǹʣСʲô˵£Ĵ󶯡
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ҽĻͷ˵
ΪϴϴʱҲйͬľڿ棬Ҫ˵Ҳ¡
һʼֻǻɰʣֻżһΪ֮ɺźü춼ӡ
Ūҵ̧ӺĿң֪úúͰʣ˵ֻẦ˰ʣһ˼ô˼ֻõְֻ˵
ǹʣְֻôأ
ʵ͹ʣڹʣֻ֮ϵġ
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šʱҿʣͦһڿ㣬һοһӴסˣʣҲסˣɵɵĶš
淢ýΡ
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ҸĶĿ˵
˿Ů˹ƨʲôӦ

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ָָһӲЦŵ
ŮʵҲһģʱһʣֱĳңֻļһ飬֮䲻Щˮˮжвס
˵̲סƵļ˼ȣͺѾˮƵģҷ·ƵĻæסǽڣҪȻҪ̱ڵˣҵҳһţ˺ʧȥ־Ƶġ
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ЦЦȴǷɧÿԣϹڼûþͲסįˡ
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ӣƵĺǰҵıøӲ
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Ժпٸ㣬ͽ
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ҵûлشԵý
Ȱ˯ȹѵְŵġ
˯ȹ˵
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﷢һĵ۲תĿңƨɿʼһʱһ΢ġڷԵޱȡ
٣ԺʣҪĻҪġ
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Сꡭ
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˵ҽֽһ壬һӲһؽȥȥһڳ̵С졣
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ҺΪҪҪ˯ִʱȻԺšѽһҹ˾֮Ե÷




    035

ߣ硰ǹʣĻ˰ɡ
ҿֿЦõĸоҲĿҲ֪˵ʲôźáʱǵ뷨ӦһµģǾǹʣˣһߵĺá
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ãʣˣˡ˿Һ⸱ӣǽҴж˿飿һʮΪš
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֪ҵӿһ⣬ҵǰ·˹ʣǵЦݡ
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Цѡ
ллˡ
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ﰵţǰѩ׵Ľ˵Ժｻų֡
ЩʲôѲɹʣ㲻ʱһ㣿ٺ٣øҵҲֻҵһԸȥоȷʵ
뵽ҲָһʱǳԵ˫鱻Ҿᱡĸо·ֻˡ
֪糤ʲôɩ˵ǻòˡ
Ȼ뵽磬ļΡ
֪ģ˯šȣǽ쾭̫̼顣ﻹԼԼʣ˵ɾ˵Щʲô
Ҳ֪˶ã˯ⲻƵϮʱ˯ˡ
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ﰡ˭ּˣ
һӴӴ˯ʵ˫ۣҵҵ
촩һɫĳһɫţп㣬Ե࣬һ㶼ʮˣһʮͷٸѩ׵۵һˮƵġһԼͦ鷿ڰ׳ź΢ѪӿĴȱխţпýģ˺޲һѡ
ƽܼŽô
ЦһղͰʣȥ㣬Ҫġ
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ץһ

һСУ⧲֮µҵԣһ츾ƯҵıǼ⡣
֪ǹС꣬Ǹܼһֻ׽Ū˵ġ
һѽڻ˵ţ붼ѿڶҲ֣¹Щҿ˵һͷԽ˶˻һ벻컬ҲС
С꣬һ¡
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Ȼҷ˹ϵĸоǺࡢɩһûһ˿һϧ񣬻һֱΪ͹ʣϵǲˡġ뵽͵Ľһ

һСУڴϳԾĿҡһԷ鷿ҵǰĺ
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һӺҵڿһľ֪ҪЩʲô
ҴӦ㣬ԺǽھҪ㡣
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ֻּŵ˵ţֽץſͷҼɴĿѾҺĹϵ
ȥڿһѩ׵ƨĳҵǰȼںڶ־ĵë̼ҵӾ񾭡㡭ְ֡ҹġҪҡҪô찡Ầҵġ
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㡭ǻں±ʣ֪İ
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ҵĿܼ֡ṷʣ֮󿴵⸱ӣô룿Ȼòãɿ⸱ӣʹɵҲʲô°ɣɣҺܿͻġҰյεĿɡ
ҵ˵ţ·һħյһָ߽ʮ鷿һʮдָ䴫
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·˺ƵĴ˸ս
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˵ɣҲȥ
ʱļǡ˵ǰװںв˵¹ʣ֪һùʣ֪ĻҲģ֪ʣֻСѧˮƽ˻ʲô嶯һϣܾ
㲻ͣԺͲҪҵӡֻҪһСС顣
á
㾿ҪʲôҪͷɲļˡ
˵صĴƨɣװһＱӡ
ǣСӣķˣղŻĵҪ˼ȴԭα¶һΪжأﻣһһ㶵ġ
촽һƲм˵ҲҪ㵽ҷһһС
ˮĿңպģóҲѾ˷ˡ
ʲôãھȥ
ҰһҲͰַ˿ȥҵͷ˿ֻ֮ʪյһƬƬѾ΢ſˮԵ÷ҫۡ
ڴͷһкüֽӣ㽫һǡ㰡ʣʹϾҪġ
ߴٵ
ȥ˾
ҵͷ
ҳķ䡣˵Ĵͷһȷ˵źüӡеĲһǴӣǱģȥ




    036

ʲôһҪùȥ
аһֻӿһ£дšס֡
ףѵǺĶ
Щ⣬Ϊһǵһμⶫ뵽ʱҵţæͷߡ
صԼķ䣬˷šҵĴϣţпڿ㻹ֻʵ䴦ѩ׵ƨɰڰţп£޳ĴȳʰεţǶȿȥÿںڵëʪԵ÷ҲʿˮøӼͦ
ǣС꣬ûӹƨɵӰС̵ܵϸߵģ
ڴϷʵ˵
Ĳˡ
ŸʵߵǰСӵݸҪĶҸˣ㲻ûգȡЦңҪ⡣
ұƨһһȴڿţп˫ȴ򿪺һƬëӲݴȫȫı¶¡һӲ׼ʪڣƨǰʪڽİס˹ͷʪȻĸоʱӹͷ˴ԡ

һͽУæһֻƵҵСֹҵĽһ롣æ˵ţС꣬ȥҪȥ
˵Űֽӵݸ
Ǹʲôˣ㻹գˣ
ϣҰ˳ͷѵմЩˮ
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Щˣæš˵һĨǰ׾ӣݼϡôЩߴӣ
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𣬻ӿġڲҪˣôˡ
ЦҳಲǰĴһµԹԱ𶯣
˵Ĵ򿪺ӣӺһ͸СӳСװĴžνıס
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˺͸Сӣóһ𽺱Ĥ״ȦȦС꣬Ǳףõġ
ĶҵǰһҵҸеĴָʳָȦĸȻһĴϸ
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а
ѱ׶ǸͻĲ׸ڹͷϣֵĴָʳָȦű׽˼£׾Ĵҵϡȡ׵ҴΪֹŶ̶̵ļӡ
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˵֣ƵĵһӺ£ԵЩΪ顣ôϰ߰ɣ
Ƥҵ˼£գգۡ
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ģ
һ㶣һЦⲻģ﷢ļƻƷ㶼֪
ٺ٣˭֪һǸʲôĹϹޡϻؼң˯ɳϣҺĺ뱧㵽ȥϡͿĳ˶
װɵ˵ţʵһãǿ֮õ顣
ץס͵鷿ص˼£ָղѾȥڳֵİڰ£𪽡鷿ԵøˡǹʣĽıȥȷʵǵʮ㡣
ʣڽ㣬ĸ׽˵˫ȴεİţ붼ô̼֣װŵǱýš
ô󾢰
һߴӵĿ˵˵һҪллˡǾһʼɺҲҪʱǿ˼Ҳţ
ʱͷϵȻ뿪ˣһģ㲻ҾͲ
̧ѩ׵ĴȣǸʪԴһγҵǰƬ͵Ĵ֪߳ܵĴţ·ڰҵĲ롣
Ѿ˷ˣ԰ɣ
ָʪĵĴòţû¹ָϾѾҺ
㰡ôôϻ̫š㣬ʣʹϾҪˡ
˵ЦЦ
ðȡЦңôʰ㡣
˵ҴĴȣԥĽ׼֮˸һ˵ס
㡭
üһץסҵƨɡ
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ʵȻģԺ󲻷ְ֮˳ü˵ĳ˼ֻһĹ򣬱ѾҺȥġ
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ҵӵº޺޵ĿҵǸŮηİǰĳɡ
ǰҵĳǰҡĻʱʱ
ǸɲôһûءڲôѵڻθŮΣôһҲ֪
ŵĿȵʳһ⣬ʹʣĻ˶ǲͣģҪȻҪˡ
ûŮΡǳ㡭һҵġô˼˼űװҰķڵĸŮ˰
ҵĳ֮ͨ죬˫΢΢ſ˫εıҵƨɣһԵӡ
𡭡
һߴŴһĳţȴֻҪ˸ŮΣǱ֮ߣ뵽ڿвͣĲͣһ˿΢Цҵӡ
Цʲô
ҵĲӣҵĳͣƨҲǰŤš
ҵӵתҵɵøΪͦûлشֻǵͷĬĳšΪܹЩҼӿ˳͵ٶȣÿ²붼û

﷢޵ǿҵĴ̼£ɫ淢ĺ
Ҳ֪ȵĹϵ˶ĹϵҵѾʼˡ
ô
Ҳ˲ͷĺˮе۵˵š
ȣֻǴʵڲ
ҴŴӣ쵽ƨɵ£ץƨ⣬ʼ˸ĳ͡

Ǻ˽ʴǵеܲˣ˵ȴ˵ⲻǹںҳô
һ߼ӿͣһ߿ӵµֻ˿ĺԽļ٣εſеۻԽԽ졣ںڵͷҲɢҵĶ衣ƨҿ貿ͣײ£ͣķžžĦˮ˲ĿܡֻԽԽȣȻűףһܸܵȵ÷̵¡
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ңҪ˰
Ҽٵ˵šֻһһ֪ٳϸ¾Ҫ侫ġ
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䵽ʲô氡
Ȼ侫ڼûзŹκλᡣ
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˶٣ǵͨ죬¶İŵ䵽ӵͰ
˵ֽץҵӣһҵ˶
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׵ģӾҵ˶͵ͣұһƳĸеҵ˼£ýġ
ҡҲˡ
Ľ£һǿҵĿ̰ĺˮƴԵķߡֻеһ鴤ȵľҺҵĳ˼ºޱȥ˹ͷ

侫ҷصĴŴĵõͷŵĸоӿȫ
ˣ
۾·ζſеϡǺģѩ׵زźš
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ſϷʵо侫Ѿήڱļ
С꣬ɡǻЩ·ʡðʣʹʱ·
ָָǽϵĲλ

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Ц۾һȻ˵СꡣСͷˣСͷ·ӵ氡
˵¶ͷİرһ󡱵һױױһƬȫˮǰ˰׺ҸľҺһͰ͵һСţѵģȥҡ
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ѱţǽǵͰһӣʼղźʱŪҲֻһĹѾ룬ָֻƽӡ
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Ц
Ըȥ԰ɡʣʹôڻûʵڶӶĻԺģϡȥϴ·ˡ
ݸһЦ󣬴򿪷˳ȥӯĲӣܸоֵ顣
Һҵϴһº¥ȵĹϵֻһƽŶ̿㣬ЩֻҪһصʣһϾ⸱װ磬ٴġ
¥˿̨Ĳȣеĳաԭգ׼һûףϱҶ˼鼦ȵӣڻİڷϡ
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аˣӶܲסˣȳ˵
뵽࣬ʼ
ҵԺȥԣеȣһԵϿʣôô
š
˼ˣͶԺǰԼʱҿûʲô߳Ա߹ϰߣڵ¹֮ɵġҪǿ¹˾Ҳˡ
Ժϵ֪ɢŴ̶УһСѾʧȥãøӵ
þûˣôԲҼ
ҳԺʱ˹ʣ
ǰŰǶ˰ɡҪҺͰʣء
˵
Ǻ˭˵ѵǡôɰɣ
ʣĶԻҵٿһֱ֪
Һ˼֮ʣԺѽһˣʣ˽




    037

С꣬Ѿˡˡ
ʣЦźҴк
ûи˺ôȥ㣬ôֱڲŻ֪֪ںܶġҿԺܸĸ㣬Һء
ֶֻĹʣҵһͷ˵˼䣬ȻвЦʡ
㡭ôܵԺ緹ˣȥ·á
ʣʲôƵæ˵˵ɵˣҵˡҪ֪ƽʱĻͺЦˡ
㲻ҲǾôֻڼಲȥֱֻݹٷŻ𣬲յô
ҵ˵ţ˵ŷ緹
ãԼ˵ģҿɹܲšٺ١
ʣһĻЦ
㲻һЦʲôѵһвɣ
ʣĪЦҵͷӹһ˿ɻЩ
Ǻĺ㣬ȴҵĺĵ¿ηΣ㵽ʱ޶㿴˭ˣ
ʣָһԺ⡣
ʣôһ˵ҸϽԺһһɫȹŮӱ˵ЦĴԺ߽Ÿղź˵ľŮӡ
Ůҵǰʱһ־޵ĸоѩ׵ļںڵ㷢εӣģԵһŮóҲ֣ŮӵЦݿУһ
ѵ磿
ղŵһð˳
ֱ磬ΪôƯҲȥȣǶһɬʹӡ֪һĪ׽С
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ġĸҰ
ҽͰ͵˵ţ۾ȴܲסĿŮӡ
뵽ҪҽܵĶܾվҵǰȴಲһڣ˵ýˡе˵ʱĸоϣ磬ΪôƯϣ磬Ϊʵڲǵĵһμεɵġ
ûоͺãҪȻԺܵġ
ŮӼԺߣҺ͹ʣĸǰ磬ҵСãҲҺͰʣСѧеͬѧλǳ´꣬ǰЩӻסǶСġ
ܵ
ˡȻ硣
ĻҸӽţͷ乵ðˮֻͷС¹˫Ҳ֪ŲźáŵһμҳಲǱ
޲ҸضȥҲʲôұ㿴ҵӣϴʱɱҿ˸ᳶƽǷ
ҵֻôŰοԼ
Сꡭ
Ű˵ʲôƵڵĺһ£գ˲ָֻ˳̬վ棬ټĹ۲濴ҲһϴӦ¡
ԡҽг´꣬ǰһסҵġ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôãðűôһ仰
ҽ磬áҽ˵㡣
ЦЦ󷽵˵ǴЦ崺磬һʱҲûôˡ
ʲôҲŮѶûеļһﾹȻҲǸ֧ƶɲ
˵ţҳһһǴļһ
˭˵ҡ
ҸæҿɲδŮǰתһΪô̶֥С³µģҸĵһӡΪǱͣһºա
磬վŸߣֲòûʲô˵ģǻǵȥ
˵ߣ˰׵ֱ۽ӳ˿ˬĿֻǲ֪·˭ĸЩȢŮŵĻǵҲ
ֵӣ֪ﷺһƵͷеʱԼҲƣôͷôȻðĪԼǸɫ
ԣЩ
ʣ˳ŵȥ
١С꣬ôôͷȫǺ鰡
߹Ҹǰʱ˵Ťͷ˸
ĨĨͷĺ顣
߹޿κεҡҡͷЩЦãΪ֪ɩҪҽܵĶȴĸǰҿ
㲻ڹҵô˵ʲôŶˣҪѾǹʣˣҾԻʶһҶõ׶಻ࡣ
ıӰվԺз߷߲ƽȴֲκεı¶Ǻ޵ġ
ֱǽӣҲŸоͷøӵϽԺϼࡣֿ֪ʼͷ֦иͣͷٷꡣ
˭Ҳ벻ҺһμˣԤϵȫһ˵ǰҴ˸ֲ
ʱҲû˵ϼ仰Ҳ˵ûɵһ׽ĸоֻҾþôźҺڨЩף˵ֻ¸Ϊḡĸоûɩ˵Ľܣܾúȱ˵ʲôҵǱʶﻹЩأΪŮҪ˽ܲźá
Ҫ˵ҵĵһӡʲô˵ľغÿҲһһȫɵĸоƾֱҾԺۺ˭һ𶼻Ǹĸġ
շźƻ𣬳ûã¥ϵĿ￴ŵӣԡϴ裬¥´ɨо֣ʣǳȥˣ׼һķս
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۾ŵĻӶ⡣
һ֮ԡҵſˣͷϰëһۺɫ˯´ԡ߳´꣬ʲôô񣿲˰ɣ
ߵɳǰҵһƨһζƯ˹
ǰĸҲ֪ϱôһ֣ôҡ
Һһۡɫǰײ˵Һܲϵı֣ҵ۾ǲĿĻԲѩ׵Ĵȡ
ࡣǵĴͬ־ˣСģǸӺɷôôС
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СΪʲôҪأΪʲôҺٴ
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˵ע⵽󣬺ЩšҶۡ
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˵˯µȹϣסѩ׵Ĵȡ
вɴ֣ҵĵǶġ
˫ȹڵĶҲɵЦҲеô֦Ҷ
ЦʲôЦּһҾ͵ŵ㡣
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ЦźЦһ಻ܸô죿ҿҪġ
㣬Цˡ
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ҲðҲƯģǸ۲۵Ů˵ǹʣδޣҵĻһҪġ
˵ҳ˸ʵԼҲ˵ԽԽ󻰣ҵⷬʣĻǱ˲ɡ
ð㣬ĸ㰡ֻģû⵨ɡ
ҵϣǵûҵ˼еĺҿЦ
ΪҲҰھ͸Ұ㡭
˵Ҳץס֣һƬỬϸĸо

üͷһЩƵ˵
С塪ȥء
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죬Ҫ죬֪ˣڻǸҴ룬úõȥɡ
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ң᷿ƣվԺﶼŵζ᷿ǰæµţϰڷһѾõ⽡
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촩һۺɫĽһԷʵ鷿յðͻ£˺޲ץһѡ±һڵļϥȹѸԲƨɰʵʵʹһ˫ͰСȸǽ񣬿óǾĵĴ硣
ɫȹµĻԲƨɣЩ಻סˡתͷ⿴˿ûˡİϺһǰְƨϣȻ㲼һůָ⴫˹
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˵Ұƨץһ¡
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һæѹӸϣתҵ⣬ǵͨ죬㲻Ҫ˰һͻˣ㻹ô󵨰ı
˭ɩӵƨ̫˰ɩһ˺æģɩհɡ֪ɩϽʲôô뽫ܸ˰ɡ
ҵ˵żְƨϣ˿ûаֳ˼
԰ҽɩԭ˵Һɩ˵İ绹Щʱȥ·˵˵Сҵء
ƹ⽵ԭһģ뻹ǳڵʱʡԺ鷳
ɩӵá
ûоܾҵĸҸǴ󵨵ĽŲ쵽ǰ
ٲÿɩӿɾҪ˰
ĺһӼˡóҲһ˿˷ܡ
ҵְǰ׼ץȥʱ᷿ǰ𣺡㡭ǡ
ҺæתȥŵɷסŲ֪ɶʱƿģԾĿҺࡣ




    038

ԭߣһصĻ棬վſĿҺ࣬ҵҲƽסƵİ鷿ǰץȥҲǣץҲǡһ˲ѻȸ㿴ңҿ㣬֪˵ʲôźá
ʱҵһӦǣˣ³군ˣ´갡´꣬ںӱߣвʪЬٽ㲻ʱ䳡ϵϹ㣬㿴ⲻӦˣͲ˸׽ڴ
ʱҵɫһѿȿ޻ѿ
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æƿҵ֣ƽʱ˵Ҳ״ɵҲ֪⽣ⲻôĺĶͷð˳ĨĨ
ҡҿɩǰиͷ桭õ
˵仰ҾͰûڶԼ޴ʹҪͷĻҲץơ
Ļľ㡭㡭ղҶˡ
΢֤ĵɫǺһ󣬰һ󣬺Ѿ˸ղһУκνͶͽ͵ġ
ãǱǽǾ޷ʰˡ
֪ô£ҵЩҡ
ƵĵƹϣϳһӰ᷿ǰһֱ쵽ԺȥôĹµܺܰ·һڵ϶ĿҺ࣬׵ݽҧ촽˽ȥﲼɻίҿ۾ĳʪ
ֹ֪˶ãȥһƵģ˭Ҳû
㡭Ϊʲô
̲סˡ䣬ϢĴǵָƵ䡣
С硭
ίˮһʱҲס㡭ʵǶԲס㡭
ۿҲģۿתͲˡ
ŮԣҵҲùΪһжҶ𣬶ȴֻ￴˿Ϊô죬ȥҲǸ취ɩϾҪˣôιȥ
ҵҳһš
㡭ΪʲôҪҡȥҰѽ㵱һɽ㡭
ȴôҵϣ˸еʹ
˶оˣ˵ˡǵ糺죬ȥǾȴ޻˵
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һĻҲ˺һ᷿龰ֻһҹĸǰ֪ܵ󻶡ʱҵǰӿһ飬ɩӣǶ̫ˣΪҾȻԼ¹򡣿ôôί
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Ů˺߲ɶĽ쵽֮䱻һƬںڵëŵصش
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Ů˵Եıѹţҿ˫ۣüͷ΢΢ЩЩʹ΢С죬촽ڵƹ˸Ĺ󡣿ŮԽ飬ҵ淢͵ܣҪϹڱţ׼һȥڵء
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Ůֵһʱ͵͵Ťͷ˿ˣûȫɷ򱳺»ЩΪġʵҿȻϹôģʲôù˼ɵģ߳Ļصġ
˼¼˻ûжŮڷٻͷתר־ŪԼŮָĶԽԽ죬鷿ҲԽԽָݽ鷿ҲԽԽ졢óҪﵽ߳Ķˡ
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˭֪ŮԵʱһڿлһ¡

ڽҪͷŮ˽ʱɫͨ죬һԵһбϻҲͬһϡ̱ϯϡŮ˵ͽеͬʱļ˲ʱӿ˴ˮƨɴʪһƬ
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ŮţȷΧû˺ߵ﹡ǰԼٶȹڣڿʵ״ȥʱһִԲƨ¶ҵǰиŵһԲ½ӳԵõ÷ǶÿһˮҺŮ˵ƨ·͵ĹٴʪһƬһʱŮеСͣ
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벻ҵĺάһ죬һҾ֪Ҫʵ⣬һĻ֪ġ




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һͣݵʱ칫Һ࣬ҵĶ档ЩȥҲ֪òŻ¥µĻҽӴõĴΪլصⳳܣһʱỹˡ칫ޱȣֻͷĵ˵תš
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ԣֻӦһ䣬û
֪Щɶʹֱģƾҵֱɩӿ϶ʲôԾĵطﲻԾҲ˵
ܿ϶˵
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Һɩʶʮ꣬˽ѵôң
תңЩӡ
Ļ᲻أǺѣҽиģûɲӵġ
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׿ڽҵѵˣڹʣ¥ϵʱ㼱ҪϲҳȥҲԸ⣬㻹ҽСء
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磬ѵҪɣϧǹʣδޣҪȻǿԡ
ôĿˣҵﲻֱֱؿֻǰʣǽεĺ촽޲һڻݺݵһȥ
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֣ҽͰ͵˵ҵﻰǰ˵ÿֻǺƴڻûʲôĸоҸеҪӵжԷǿҸо

ҵĻɵһ㶣Щŵĸоؽǰζָ˻ȥ
ġĺƯ
˵ֻԼڸҷԼһʱҲԳֻģĸоָоһʱʱ֡

һ죬ҿе㲻˼ˣȴʲôҲû˵
칫ֻϾɵĵڿ֨֨תţҺû˵ֻǿŶԷҲ֪ʱЩʲôҲһŶԷʱЩʲô
졭ôȣһǣǰѵȿһĺá
ȿǻֻЩͰ͵ģҲø졣
˵վۺɫĶڲסߣϸСӯӯһգɫţж̿ǰѩ׵Ĵȳе÷ޱȣ֪ǲѾ˹ʣǼһ¶ĹϵʱֻԽԽٸϲ͡ѽխţж̿ýΣһ˲Ҹ˳ȥĳ嶯ڻ֡
ңϹЩʲôҲôģԺǹʣϱˣҲҪԵɩӺ簡
а
ҷԼԽԽԾʱûϣһվҾ뿪칫ҳȥߡ
㡭Ҫʲô
վײ˸ʱһˣһƨϡпҪȻ׼ˤƨס
ҵϽȥһȦʲôæտŵ㰡
ǿԼĳ嶯æתſȥʱеĸо˵ʵҺָܺоչȥԿԼʲô顣Ҳ֣ɩһʱҾԲôѹԼĸоɶ͸ɶģȴӲסԼ
ΪҪҪɶأһ㵽СȥСԹǮ㡣
һݸһЦͷһ
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æ˵ͷҴҵߡ
˰칫ҵϣȾͷǲʱ࣬ԭһʱûϨƫƫָ˸Ͻͣôߵùо仰ʤҾŮȥҲ֪ûлᡣ
˲ǰвת䵽ǽŮˡ߽Ů治֪ôģղźһʱЩηηβΪȴֵΪ
ŮǺܴ󣬳һϴֳأСĵ䣬һˮͰһвǲģֻвأһС䡣еһŹţֻ֪棬֪Щʲô
вкܴĲͬвģŮɾ࣬ЩζŴɨİÿҪɨüΣЩˮɡ
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΢óЩԾ
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㡭У㻹ǳȥɣɩˡ˿˻㵱åġ
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ӸղŰҺòң˼ҲŸոûãܹѽ
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аһʱƵģޱȽš
ǽŲѾ쵽ŮǰˡĨĨͷðȺҪѡԱߵС䡣




    042

˾ϲǣҪתʱǰšһЩæһ˽ȥҹŵͬʱǸ߽Ůֱ߽˸ڵ䣬š
ҴһܣڳˮͰϣˮͰĸǸŵģҲµȫһȥǴС㣬ΪԼκϴ￴Ͱϵһޡ
ڿ㱻˵˽䴦ĴȰ׵͸вͬûǴС̵Ҳųͼϥȹ
ԭСڼˣԵӵҵͷ˿ѩ׵ƨûȫɫȹסһǳǳη֮¸Ǵ̼ҵӾ񾭡װ
ǷβԵз̾ϬҲ̧ͷǶƨɣʱһ죬æͷŤһԡ
֪ҿٱˣΪ飬ܲˡ
ɬģаЦ˵ʵȷʵϲӣֳٸеζԲѡ
վȣһŶȹһֽ쵽Ĩһ˿һЩʪҺ彫ֽʪˣ滹żëһЩĶֺˣ̧һۺ󣬽ʪֽӽһԵķֽ¨
治֪ݴʱ龳ֻúܴ̼ҵĸо˵ķ֣ҵøӲˣһ§˻ʱûæָָڣʾҲҪҶҵ˵ͷʾ⣬ͬʱҲָָԼɣӲֱţЩʹˡ
ҿǰһԵǺǺЦεҡҡͷְֺؿҡ
ı飬֪еȻӣҰ§˻ˣҲԴӱѽ
뵽ƨɣǽָָ࿴˿ңӹһ˿ɻЩɣû㶮ҵ˼
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Ķѹɤ˵ʱҲƵһƬ̺죬ָָڣͬʱæҡҡͷ
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а뵽ӵӲòͷ¶˳ӲֱëǿվţЩһζ
΢ǰһ͵СϣʹûпҵҲԸܵҵӲȡûӦǣŵһţεذţֻ»ҵ˼¶ʧܸգֻܺ޺޵ؿһۺ󣬵ͷ§ڻΪΪ
ôҪ
̧ͷҵĶص˵š촽óҲЩ˷ˡ
ʱѾ⿪ĳֶֻ֣ǶԷͦ鷿ʹšȻʲôҲҿԸоͷѾЩǴϴӲӲ¾ҵġ
ûֱӻشʻֻǵ˵ͷʵжԼ뷨һǶҰֵ鷿һִ쵽֮һֻƬ֮ѾʪһƬһҵëҵһŪҵġ
Ұ±Ƭʪյⴽ΢һЩָⴥһˮİоġָǸʪյİٿһ¾һָѱ˽ȥ
š
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һ㣬ǾҵƲָܶȴԶġҵָѾȨȫҵؽָʪڽ˼º󣬸оָʪһƬһȵˮĴϡ
ҲǸоԼı仯ø죬ϸӹһĨ죬һǾԼУֻǱҵָؽ˼£ˮ
ֻǽҵƵĴҲ΢ſЩеòղôˡһӰָٵԼǰϸضһᣬָֻϵˮȥģ˸ҵĹ
ֻؿңûа취ΪλУֻǱҵָؽ˼¾ͱˮˡ
޷ݴʱı飬ɬΡԹȴЩڴ˵ı飬ת񣬵ָƵļһ˲־Ϊ˵ĸоһеظֻܵٸ˳ԣ޷԰Ρ
ҰתǽڣϵֳǽȥҰɫļϥȹõʣʱһѩ׵ķγҵǰƶǴѹȵηǴ̼ҵ۾
Ұƨ΢ǿһ㣬ƨɷǰѹȥоͷѾһůʪⶴڡ֪ǺҼʹ˷ֵΣҲҪܵŮĸڡ
ұƨɣǰֻسſǸС⡣ǶȿȥÿԿǷʰ׵ƨɣһһؼȥֱȫûеһȦȺڽذţ˵

ԼСǰ۵βǲ϶ĽҲص˿
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ʲô¾ˣǿɲܼȥˣһΪʲôɲеġ
ȻŮ巽֪ʶҲǺܶҲ֪Ůµʱǲܸµģоͷ˵ǲģҪùġ
뵽Ұƨһˣ󡱵һʪ𤻬˳ȫѵȥ͹ġ
ϵǣڰԼܹûͷԵʱתӣҵϲһ£ɫЩŭ
˵ҰΪá
а⸱飬Щ⡣
æָָ˼Ȼ¾Ͳټȥˡ
ҪģҺģллĹİ
฽ҵĶЦȻ˵ȻǺܵ͵ģҶҪϸ
Ÿղŵѽ
Ҳ֪˷ܻǸղų˵Ĺϵø죬ˡ˵仰æŤ˹ȥѩ׵ƨɻһ˿ҵ¶ҵǰ
ķ֣ʵܲסˡһְƨɣһǰһͣǹʪˮ⣬˸סʱƨڻسţע⵽Щ٣ʼòô˳ˡ
ֲôɩӹֵֹġɩӣǵǰϿ°ʱô
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ѾͷЩʲôɩӻ˵ʵǸе˭㾭ӴҲǼеģС겻˵ˣ̸ѣǸеĲġ

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ǶǼһɧŴɣԣΪǰ׷ֻΪĹϵûʹϵġ
ϸǵ̸֪жϣȻ뵽˶ޡ
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뷨һޡ˵ᶯƨɣʪĥ֮·µеġ
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˵û϶Ҳûϡ
еĿ϶ǶޣΪڹʣڵʱ򵽹ʣġмμ˵ʱ鶼һˡ
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Ҳ˵ģĸԼֻҾͶ̫ҲáҪ㻹Ǻ͹ʣȥǼ˰ɣԺС޶ȻȻػͶԶ߰ͷҲὥȥġ
һҽôµģЦѡ
١ɩԽ˵ԽˣʲôС޶ģֻûһƲءɩ˵Ҳеʱú͹ʣǼˡ
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԰ɩӻų͹ʣϲġҪϲǺ쵰һ˰ɡ
Цŵ
ɩˣˡ
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ûлشֻǱƨһ½һµײǰ¶ҵĶ˦ҵͷӹһ˿㡣뵽¥£һɿиǴֱš

һνʱƵط˽ĵĵͬʱҾһӹýġĥĿиǸǴʹҲ֪ƣؿٳ鶯һһεؽƽ
ҡҲ˰
ʧصͽһֽҵƨһץýġһɹˮҵëʪġ
ɩӣҪˡ
һּٵĳͺҽرƨһֱͣ嵽ףһɹȵľҺޱע

ҲͣĴŴر಻ſҲһұš
һ֮󣬵ή״˳֮վ
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תϧذҲŶͷʶԼĶͷʪĺˮ
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Ϊɩӣɶ
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ÿδСЩйִ߽طַ;ùûˣɵ˼ﻹҪЩСǹҲֲϸŲˡ
ΪƵǣһȥһ˼ңǸСϱõҲ׾ЩĻһСϱ˶ߣãҸֺװıʱ˵ллСˣҲʶ֣˵鰳ʵǿҪ̰̽ôá
һ˲䣬Ҳɵõʯʱֻһͷô»˰
λɩӣҽе㼱¶Ժ˵
˵Ťͷߣ˵ĶӡңҲȻ˾ȵʱ
ÿμŮҶ˵ӣٺ˵ʲôҪҽ¡ٺ²֪ıʣ⼸һ֪ˣʱʱرóЦһŪġ
˸ŮκһôǿԿ϶ģǾ¹ĻøˣʹǵĹϵҲøǢˣ¹˶֪иг´Сˣ˸ŮΡ
һ磬ûĵ㣬Ҿʹˡܽίе¹СѧȥСѧ˳һ𵽽ҳԷΪҪȥϰˡ
¹һ꣬оǺȣķ㡣ũšտƮŶƣ֪ʱšź⣬΢磬ĺ泩
ԺСÿС·ˣоҲܲġ
˵չǱȽϻʶھǣһ֣һһСᣬС·ϣǰ续Ҳ˰Σǰ·ĳһŴȹٸһѧСϷ龳
һֱΪǸŮӴһӡҵԺ㲻㣬ᰴ˵ǰĻͲʲô˵ˡҲ͹õ꣬Ҳ͹ĸԡǺ󻰣Ҳ
ҵĺ˼䣬֪͵¹СѧѧѾʼ½ѧˣٳеѧˣţкŮƤǰϤ龳ҲɵûĵһЦ˭ͯ겻ء
С壬С̰ʱСУſڡгСںĳϡ
Сȥҵİ
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˵һ̿ϳһųڵϡȷʵѧﳵģǺЩǰˣҵŮǰء
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ҡҡλΡŤŤǰţмβˤˡޡһһСŮ˲ʱչ龪գûˤ
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С̣мҲ֪ҪҪ˵
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ҿҰڴܡ
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µһΪ࿴ȥûʲôԾĵĵط
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Сǰص˵ͷ
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    043

С꣬ﳵ˼ġ
˵֪ЩʲôƵġ
١
ڨڨЦû˵ʲôȷʵС˵ЩǣҶǵġ֪ͽôܵģΪʲôܣ
ʵЩǽҺ˽顣
룿Ҫˤ˵Ļôʰ㡣
ںͬʱҸеһȭͷҵıشһ¡
һ˲䣬һůͷӿ˵ģôشһӣһ־ϲ˹ĸоΪǰûж
첻Ǻô˯ҹ˹˵ʱеεġ
С˵һʼǱ۾͵ģҰ費֪Ѿѹˡ
СĿ͸Щĵ⡣
С˵㣬ɲðô͵˵̸أ
óʦļӣģģʦǸϣаԺЦ
С̣㲻һµʦôͱúǰİһˣ
СЩ˵С̰ɲʦ׵ģҪҾͲ˵ˡ
ǣСһﵹҪЮ˵İ֪һ񽭿ࡣ
аСһ飬ҵ԰Щ
ˣˡС̷ˡղŲ˵ڴôôһֱ˵ˣ
˵ûһʲô飬ܸоЦ˵ġ
ǺˣʱҵһƬΣеͷεģҾ˵һ仰Ҵûмô׵Ŀ˵ʹҿԿòãѵʱҲûֿ˵
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СѧĿ˵ôһ仰ҶֿڣôСӾôظɼ仰Ժӡ֮
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١
ҵЦһֱǴ˵ô
ȻǸʦɱ㻹˵㡣
뵽ǾȵӣҵвԵ⣬۾ֳһۣȴ˫ѩ׵Ĵ
촩һţж̿㣬ԭͰ۵ĴȱǴɫһģԵýѩҵǰγһƬ˺޲һѡֻԼڸЩԳ
ʲôúõﳵˤˡ
·ҵߣһۣ˵С˵ȥ
˵Űƽϣסѩ׵ĴƵġ
ûκֻתȳȴظֳǽ׵ĴȡɶʱһѾͺˣ֪ǲǺһ⻬
ҵȻȻظֳɩǵĴȡһ˲䣬Щĳ嶯ɫͶ̥еʱ֪ԼǲԵģʱǻ뵽Ƿȥ
ô
˵СȻͣʵС̣ҲΪҰǸ˰ɣ
ҲɵЩ֣ôͻȻ⡣
šС̺뷨һɣҽǿ޵˶ʲôˡ
һ˵
һʼҲôġ벻ҰּˣͲټˡţҲΪģȻ㲻ͬ⣬ҲˣްҾҪȥˣСѧŽĿ˵ǸάάФӣ˲òСϷ֡˵Ұ־ĨĨᣬ̾˿ԹԵȥ˯ˡС̣˵ֲ֣һ֮ǰһҰ֣һ֮־ҰֻЩء
ЩʵҶܿġ
ĵ̾˿ͬʱҵıشһ¡
֣ͬͬǱôشһ£ҵĸо͸ղŵǴνȻͬû˿˿ĸоǶͷϵĺˮʼðΪ仰԰ԹĸоһжΪҶģҵûк෢ϵ֪߱ĻҲӸˡ
гɲţС·ԵľˣҵȴôҲĲͽ֮ìܣìܺеġ벻ǽ󰮱ܾ֮ûаӲϹ໹Ǻ۰ġ
ΪҵĹϵɡ
Щ֮ĲĳϵȻûзҺ˽飬ǲˣõʱǻ
һĹ򣬾Ϳ쵽¹ˡ¹˼ҵݶðĴ̣ʱˣϲľˣȻԵõ¡
С꣬ûпգ
Ȼʵ
УȻСȥ棿
æӦ˵ҪԼҳȥˣʶڣֻǵسȥ˼ΣԼȥģһκͽеһǣֻسǹ԰
С̣ҲҪȥġ
Сϴκȥ棬ǴСȥġ
뵽ȥ˰ҪС굽ġ


ЩԾ˵ֻ֪廨ͷũǸɲġһũͷ
šҼҰֵĹ԰ﳤһЩݡ
ȥԷǻࡣʲô԰ݣʲô°
аֹţ¶κβġ
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Щɵ˵ţ˹ǻȴܰ
Ŷ°Ǿˡֻһȥˡ
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⻹Сһ׮С°СǸҲϧôȥɲȥġ
һųһҡͷԵ˵šû취Ϊδţֻʲôȥˡ
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˵޺޵ҵĺصشһ£ҵĺߣҿ飬ĿЩֵģЩ
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Ȼһﳵ̫Сĵú۲
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Ժ翪Ц
ʲôëŹŵģЦԽĵˡ
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ˣøɩӡûʲô˵ġ

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ܿ͵죬ӵˡ
ĲµľࡣÿκһʱС˵Ļ׷ʲô£ɿǸûһ飬˻
ҲڿضңҲҵõһĻᡣмʵͲסˣϴӹʣֳȥ࣬ҵĴǹšҲҴţϾˣҲȥһҽ̫Ƶˡ
컹еȵģҾʹһװ̿Ͷ亹·ˡһ뵽ҵ¹һθũһЩҲ֪ݵĹѶȴ󲻴
Ȱ㵽ˣ۰
ߵһ֦ҶïĴʱĨĨϵĺˮ
ǰ治Զ˼ңˮšҺԼġûҾץʱϢһˡ
ⱻҶȥ˴룬ʱࡣҶ£ҵӳ°߰ߵӰӣ֪᲻͹ʣȥǼǣҪˡ
ǳ˫ɶԵɽ̵֦ҶȥҺ͹ʣ˫˫ֵӡʣһӣ֪ģЩĸо
ǰһǰҺˡҪȻôź͹ʣȥǼǵġ
һ뵽췢£ĵ·ҵǰ




    044

ǰ˭͹ʣڽȥǼǻһ˵Ǹһ˵ʵˣʣͳˡʱûôңȻûиеʲô⣬ĸо֮ѷ죬ʱҵһۣҸǸܵеʹ
ڤڤ֮һжѾźˣŵһ㣬ݲ˿
еһжҪǰ˵Ǹȵİ
ǰң컹û͸ڴϿһᡶϲԩҡЩŮŮ͵Ĺ£һһεش̼ҵ񾭣֪ҵ϶ֲûģйӿʵͣȻ࣬ʱȥ￴̫
ھһˡϾͻңʣȥҴˣһ֮ǰڵģȴӰȥʣˡ¥ţϽϡ˲̫࣬ǶԼļ
һߵҵԺǰţҾûȥš
°̾˿ҽȥˣɩֲңǸô죿
һ뵽ԺҸһǽȴ˵ңɼﲻЩɥҸôأȥˣ
ҴվҵǰԽתתҲҿʱûʲôˣҪ˿⸱ӻΪҪɶġ
Сɵϣ㶵վŸﰡ
ԥʱϤ
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ͷһϲæתһվҵĸǰһɫļϥȹӣһ˫ԵðޱȡһӣЩ̵ˡ
ҸȥЩˣȥɣ˿ˡ
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һԺӣһΧǿھ᷿ӣΨһ仯ľǱݣѾһ¥󷿣Ѿ¥ͲһҪǶˡ¥ũѾˣɢһصשߡԺϤĵľﲻ˸յ¹ǻסڶ᷿ʱĵεΡ
û԰ɣҪԵ㣬ûʲôƵģ˺󣬼û˺Ⱦˡ
˸СݵĵϼˣоûʲôС˵ģһ峴һĢġ
ѾԺˣɩӡ
ҵ˵ͷɩӣ¡
˵Ҳ˸Ķ棬ˡ
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촩һɫļϥȹӣȹӵıԵøϥǣվŵĻһǿʲôġҲţǸСӣǶȿȥȹ·һࡣһɫڿ㣬ѩ׵ĴȽӳխСĿðҪλסֻһ΢˲խСĿڵĴǺεȵΡ
һˣһµĿȹ¡мɫë·𲻸ʼįľŴӿõıԵ˳ҵߡխСͷסķβ˼Һ޲ץһѡҲ֪ѩ׵ĴջңԭͲϣҲǰѺõĲҶˣûѻĲҶɾ
ѽǸˣڰ칫ҲҰı֪ˡ
˵ŰĴȼн޺޵Ŀһۣеȵ񣬻ҵķע⡣
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ҹװ޹˵ҪǣǿҵӾ̼£ҷѾıӲˡҲϡ棬˭Ÿòٸȹ·㿴£̲סġοǰĸҳ˼ĺˡ
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΢죬ҵĿһ£תͷˡ
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죬ǸˣҪ˵Ҳ֪˵ϥǺͷŵʲô
ѽһʱΪʲô죬ʹйӴģߵġҾϲɬ飬ֱԡ
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ҿ࣬ЩҪʲô飬ǵôˣҲ֪᲻ҽ

һҵĻһӱóĬˣþģֻĻżյĶѵž

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дһ뵽ɩĻͲЩ಻סˣЩףЩԲƵġ
ȥʲôܿԵİɣˣȥɡ
ұߡ




    045

С̣ˣٹġ
ԶԶľ
˵һȥˣԭɩˡֻһƿϴС˳ںڵĳ黨ӣһŷ۵۵һڼҴϴһ׵ģ±һţж̿㣬һ˫ѩ׵Ե֬񣬡СԲȰ
ҺЦ֪ģһ̲סƤӡ
ߣ²ŵء
Цų˸ȥʣƣ֪սˡһȥô
Ǻǣ֪ģҲϲƵġ
ҡҡͷ˵
ȥֲʲôģˣС
Цһ̵ܿˡ
ʣǼһǺøôƯδޣҿ§ڻȥġ
￴ԶȥӰ֪뵽ȴխţж̿㱧ýƨɡʵƽĶۣòǲġ
Ҳ֪խСڿŵƨȥоΣ
˶һ򿪣ҲܲסԼ˼ˡҲΪԼֲ֪߳ܵ뷨еԼԼĿУȴʹһ٣ٶĲ뷨ִ˲ƣ
ɩСǰ͸СĲͷ˿ɩڰǰƵĵƹ£ɩӺϳ˳һƬӰӣȥЩµӣʱһиСҲڳǸһεܰĻ档ϴҲ֪ȥˣǺ͹ʣһȥˣʱ
ЩûɩСˣߵǰҪȥʱŷСſڲ֪ʲôʱһɵĹֻҪ˾һӣͻᷢʶʵȥöҿ˿ˣ߽ܿС꣬ӴӹһĶ
ɩڳϸأ
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ѽոս˳ȥȥưɡ˰ʹûֵϳƣҲŷֹȥġû취
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ǶȿȥÿĲ棬Ȼ˯Щ󣬵ٿ˯ҲڲסǶȵģ鷿ȥĹĵģֱ֮
͸˵Ů˽ʮ꣬Ȼһš
ŶĿˡ
ҵƤ˵
ɰ˵ǲǿ׼˲ģ
ɩƲƲ촽޵ĺ촽ûͿĨں죬ҵȴޱˡ
ﰡֻ·һڼ棬ͽˡһ飬ôһ˵˾Ҫˡ
ǰɩȷʵһѩ׵˯Ӱ뿪ţ֬Ƶļڰڵ¶˳̼ҵӾ񾭣Ҳʳָ󶯡
ŶԭһΪҪɶء
ɩˮĿңҪҵƵġ
ĿЩʧӣѵϣרģ
а
ģ⡣Ҹղõòйôһ˵ҵЩа
ΪҪɶİ
˵ЩģڴŷЩʲôƵġ
㰡
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վߵԣĺһϣǽе֮Ҳŵһߡ
㡭Ҫ
ɩʱһ
˵Ҫ
ҿ˿ûˣֲʵ쵽ƨ·Ƿβһѣܸ˯㣬һɳԵл˲ָ⴫˴ԣ̼ҵ񾭡
ҪˣŻŵ͸
ɩһ죬æһţתҡ
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ûӦҵѾ˯棬ӺŪƨ⣬ƨڱȽϷһģխСڿסԲķΣֻƽӴĵطһƬխСǿͷָ֮ǻļоȺġ
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    046

С̣ڸﰡôѷϣȴܵȥˣ
˵˵仰ͬʱұͷܰ굽¶
ӦˡԩҲͷǾ仰
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ʱҵĻǳԵβҲҵֲƫеѹڵ£ҵֶãͬʱҲʮĴС
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ҡͷֻ۾ȴĿңҵͬһ㡣
ʱѱ׳ͷԣѹû˼ĺ壬ֻһͷξǰµţж̿͵׿㣬Źʣûлؼҵʱ򣬺¡
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ܸһ㱡ڿ㣬ҵָ⻹ظоڿʪһ̲벻һƬӣѾʪ⸱ӡ
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룬ϵĶȴ˿ûͣ٣ҵָÿڿɲָⴥʪ

ָеһ˲䣬ҵĶһδ⧲СУֻؿң·һ㡣ͬʱҵָظоȷ֮ʪҺ
֪ǰʣδޡ㡭
ţǸָʹѲӰΪʲôҪҪҡǰġ
仰þʣµֻκƵӡ
ҵֻڿ㣬ֻȷ֮ʪƨɵ¸ǲѵҺ壬ǵ԰֪һŮ֮Һ֤ŮѾΪ԰׼
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Щ˵ҪΪʲô㣬ΪҲ֪ϲĲǹʣ֪ϲǸ˭
յ˫޵ĺ촽Ҳصͷȥʱ˫ŨĴдҵԼʡ

ֻͺһһ˫ۣԾؿң֪Ϊ˵ΪԾΪ֪Ծ

ؽСҷ룬ң֪Ҳϲʣ˵ϲ˭
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´꣡ľͷ쵰㣡
ңҲң˿̵Ƕôίͬʱҿ۽ǲ֪ʲôʱĵΡ
ʶҲмˣҴûмĺίҲ֪ˣǵ˴ķӦһʱҲɵ㶵ؿزҲҲǣ֪ǺãֻǶԽ̵˫ɴҵʮĴС
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ͽһ˵һ£漴վһ˲䣬Һظеֱһԭ۽ǵˮѾ۽Ǳӿ˳毺õӹ䣬ҲҲǵֱϡ
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æɳվ׷űţ㿪Ű
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ͷ˲ʱԼʱ߶漴ҷԼе뷨룺¿żԽżԽ㽩һִ¹Ҳ첻ȥˡ
ֻܴؿŷŷ㶣ﰵԼûãʣµֻСѼӷˡ⼸֡
Ҳģ㲻Ҫ
˰Σֻܶġ
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ǰصţҵкһͷѵ˵ˣϲǸ˲Ƕޣ--´ꣿ
뷨ͬҹһ㣬ʱһֻȻʵĸо
ϲңһֱΪĶޡҲΪϲңʹΪʣδ޵ҵɧ޴ӿܣҵڿʱҲֻǺ档ȴ֪˵ϲ˵ǶޣҲѹʱҷˡ
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תһ룬ֲЩҡڲԲ׼ǲϲҡ
վãûңﴫ˹ӵʱ䣬û뵽ʱô죬Ѿʮһˡ
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㲻ǲ˰Ҫ֪᲻ˣҲź˵Ǽǵˡ
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źҽƾо֪ʣһϻ̳Ͽֵӡ
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͵͵ص䣬ݲϴһϽطϴͷ˯һѾצ۹⡣
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รรร
һ󹫼ĽҴ˯нѡ
۾һ峿Ӷķ϶ӣͷǻģϵĸоǹɽһ㣬͵Ĵ̼׽ڴĵսľ
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ҲϲңҪ´ʱĵһ£
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ȳȥ˵
뵽㴩һTͶ̿߳˷䡣
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ʱҵ͵һ´²




¡汾˵

ԭΪ磬ݴԭ嵽ʮʮ¾ͣˣЩ汾200£Щ汾214£
ϸĿܶ汾о46ǰ½ڿԭ˴дһǴӵ047¿ʼġǰҵ˵ԭ47غ48أ˲ţ47غ48ҲǣҲǣԱϡԭֵĵ047º½ھһΪ˴дˡ
д˭˵ĸĳдģҲЩ˵ľдΪǷ֡˶ཿ롶¡֮Ȼֲ֮ͬĹȴͬġ¡1-214£걾ʵ50-214²ǡ˶ཿķ档½Ҳͬѹ˾Ͱѡ˶ཿ롶¡˵һˡҲľ
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    047

͹ʣϾҪġ
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ݵĵƹţûпơ˷ְһأһӱĺڰҺɩӶںڰ֮УҺм˿ߴŷ͸ʹҺϡܹԷһţҾͰɩ§˻
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ҵӶʱһƬңĶҲ漴Ȼֹ֪Ǻá˿ɩҲһãȻ벻СҵڶҪ־ֻܹԼ̫ԣʱ䳡ϵŮȡô
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ɩ˴ԱߵͰϣʾҲҪӦԡΣҲôƣԼõ簡ҸոմС澭ûΪ㲻ء
̫Űע⵽ˣɩһӦԲҪ¶ˡ
ҵĶͷɵЩ亹ҲҺûƣҪӴһҺɩŵģǱˣ
ݵĴûϡ
£ҪģǹʣҲа취ġ
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㰡ϸĲǼɫƢ
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ҷִ˿ĶӶˡ֪ģҾϲɩɬı飬һֻ겻ӣҲû˿ϧе𷴵ԽԽ

Сֻʣ˳ص
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ĸҪʲôɣĴͷ
ɩҴΣٸķһࡣѵ㻹ûԱô
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    048¶

ԱˣԱˡ
æĻشȴʵץһѡ
ǰַŵ׼šС̣һˣԺô
ҰһŤ׼ųȥʱݵǰѾһॵ˽
Һɩɵ̵ģ汻ɩ˵ˣҪ㵽ȥˡ
вⰵԳ档ζô֪ҵ°
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ڴµﰵơϸҲЩЦһһϴҵſڲһݣҲߡôһڲóֵʱְԿˡ
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ֻЦһСѾͷ޵ˣôûûСȻС̰̿С´βȥ״ȥ
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ˣ´ҲˣС֪̾ѹҡ
æ˵ֻ˵С죬С̾ôķӦ´ҿɲҺС˵ˡ
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ԭҲ˰ڲʱ򰡡
аɩĻһӰҶˣ뵽龫ֵСʱʵʵɩɩ򲼵ξ̲סҪЦС̣Ƿˣ˵˵ְСʱ鷭ˡ֪С۵ľˣõȥҵ״ء
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ɵ˵ģ᲻Ҳţ͹ȥ
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ڴ£֪˸ղɩĶԻúһҵԺһһСѽ˵ôĶԻϤĸоԭС˵ʱҲôһ⾰ġ
һСǰֹϳɵ飬ҵ;ЩЦҲʣôöģҲɩһġ
ֲҺ͹ʣɩȽһҲ֪˶ãʮӣҲܰСʱˣֻôӿʼҽҵܿʼ衣ɩôٲ֧ҿɾͳӵвˡ
ֻӸӣֲ̫һСŪЩˡСôҶˡ
ļʱѾҴҵ߽ݣﻹʲôĻȻ˵ᣬ˸ţ벻ĲıϣҲɩЩڼЩʲô
ﰵ졣ĪϴڹʣһҪ㣿
ôС̵ζô󰡡԰ζǡ
ĺֱǰ˹ѵѾݣãӽҪ¶ˡ
첽ƶʱҵһᵽɤۣû˫֬ĽЬѾߵҵǰͣˣıˣҸǺá
һ˲ҵҳһţ亹Ӷͷ¡Ҫɴһݡ
һƶִ󵨵ͷҵԺ𣬶ʱֻĿʼܿƵֱСҲǵģ̸飬ҲŴһ͸͸ģôŵζҲܵˡ
ûҷӦѾ˴ֻЬôڴǰֻһ֮ңֻáѽһѴˡԭҪûзҵĴڣҿɷˡ
ҵĶʱЩҡﲻѴһأ
Щɻ󡣡࣬ûŵζˣҪȻôȥ
ֻţﰵԺЦӴЬվ˴ǰһ˫۵Сžվҵǰȥӯӯһա˫ɫЬԵ÷ľСɡСʮֺư۵Σ̲ס˫ҲƵСһ
ôȥѲҪҰ
ûߵ˼ûзҵĴڣֿʼҸоõĺ˼˵ʱ٣ʱ죬Ϊû뿪ɲʱ˫ߵϵͰǰҵĲ֮ˡֻöһµ԰Ųһ㣬̧ͷϸһɫţж̿һʣ¶һѩ׵ڿ㣬бǰȻܿˣǶܿ
ԭҪ㰡ֲÿ˴ûѴģ˴Ӵ˰ϹЩʲô
ⷬٶŻȻ򡣡벶ȸںôСҲûã벻С̵Ĵ»һ꣬Ҵ۸ǲǳѽ
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    050 

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ֻ뿪ЦѣȻе㲻ףղҧ˼ڣõҵС
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ǳͻҺ֪Ҳֱ۵Ĺ۲һֱҶΪ³򼸴Ů֮һȻδֵҲһɩӣ뵽ҵоһֻȵĳ嶯ķҽеľԵһ
ҶԸһ㣬ҶһУҵҪôĲȡ㣬Ϊȥ硣
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ǺܴһƬϵأķֲż͸ժеʱˣе˼Ϊ˷ֹ͵ϣסڹ￴Ϊ˷ֹҵ͵ϵģҹߵЩżʹߵϣҲע⵽ġ
ҿˣ
˵
š㡭Ŷ
ǿҪ߹ϵصһʱиŮ˲ӹﴫʡһյƣƵĵƹ͸ķ϶յСϡʱҵĶһƾЩԾ飬֪һŮ˴˷ܲѹԼĸʱܷ˵Ҳ֪Ůϵٸ
ôɡ
վסţͷһ£ϴ͵͵飬Ҳ֪һ⾰
ŻƵĵƹӹķ϶͸ҵĺһʱ֮䲻ɴ
ǸϽߣ
СګңȻҲߵ顣
Ѿôˡ
Ů˽ĵҵĶ䣬ȥЩϲ
͵㣬Ͳ±
ѹ˵š
˼㣬Ҫ˼Ҳ㣬ôô
Ůţ˵ĹԶҲ
㣬ȴЩ
˵ЩＱϷϳ
ײǸŮ˵ĻЩ˼
ȻǸŮЩ棬ҪǸŮ˾ʲô͵͵ǰķ϶һһ޴̼Ļҵǰ
ﲻǺܴ󣬳֧ϵһ׳ƣֻ֪СΧŵڷɡ̯һϯϯһһŮҵɢһԡ˳¶ϯϣŮƨɱ˰˵ظϣһԲң⻬ƤڵƹԵ÷ҫۡ
ţ̫ÿˣ
Ů˵صţסط̾
֪ҪŮˣȥȥΪҲ֪Ͷ¡ҪûƾʵݣͰѪͷ֪ˡ
Ů˵ĿЩɲ鲻ֻ˵۶š
ҶŻǺרһŶţСڷˣ㳢ʲôζܺŵġ




    052滨

žһŮ˽˵ִһ£ҿŮ˵⴦˿ź롣
ζĶŪͻŪЩµ⣬ҲҿţֲãҪ˴⣬ԸҶȥ
ŮתŵһԷǰ˺޲صϼѡ
ҵһδ濴Ů˵ӡŮĲǰк󣬰͹µġҲǱ£ͷԵþ۾ȴƻ˵һ㣬Ƥǹ⻬ɢ˿һ
١
˵εľҲǣҲǡڶģе¡˵ȥɲá
ߣ˵˵ϸ죬۴￴Ͷһġ
Ů˵ǵúģһгӡ
ţԩˣҿڰֵذĸ˵˵
ûӵĽһࡣţǿʼɣҶЩˡ
˼е˵
ڸһֵذɣҶȥ
Ů˵ţʱŹˡ
Ҫҷģ㿴
鼱֮˴ϯһµŮ˸ǰָ컮صҪġ
ꡱŮݸһЦֵ˵˭㵹ԽԽ˰Ҫʵķϣõһˡ
˵СһһŤԱ˲ȥ׵Ļۡ
١벻ŵĴ׾
˵Ů˵žĴһ¡
۰ɲҪҡ
Ů˺ŭ˵š
ţǴӦ
˸ҲȥŮ˵档ҿõŮ˹⻬ϸƤСʱ˵ĸܡ
ҪҴӦҲԡֻҲҪӦңԺ󲻿ԵȥͷҸ㣬Ҳ㶥ñ
Ů˰˵ͬʱſЩ
Է򸾵е˼Ůˣͬ⣬ȴڳһܻӭӡ
Ů΢ĶЦѡ
ʲôŵģֻҪܸҾˡ
Ҳһŵֻע⵽˵⻰ʱְԵ̬˵˴ӺŮǰһ
š
Ůĵһ
̵ģܲ˵Ĵ̼ҶҪѪˡ
˴̼һĻֻѪţ˷
㡭ôÿμҶûڹôӴ
ŮЩﲻ
ҡҲ֪Ҿϲ㲻֪ж̼
ҿһƪרŷصѡǡϲԩҡϾɫڵͥԺڣСӺɩ͵
˵дҰս
ţıŮ˽ļӿٶȣϳѵ¡
㡭㻹Ұս
Ů˲ϯһӣƾ˶š
ţˡ
ϵ˵ٶȻӿ죬һϲòӡ
𡭡һû
ŮЩţ岻ͣӭš
һжϢ֮нСץסĴȣʼŰ
Сɩ̲סҪ˰
˵ͷſһҧҵļϡڲҵĴɦš

⧲ұһҧڼϣķƺߡ
Ҫǹ˼ɵеˣĻгоݸųѾݽҼһҺҧŵĵط˳ųѪˡ
ĳѪʹҸӷѾ˳ĴȹУҧøֻڱ﷢޵ĺߺô£ֱǶѭ
ԽԽʹҿߵĴ⣬׼ʵ·
𡭡
һסҵС˵С꣬Ȼǵġ
ץסҵ֣Ҷȥ

ʱдһ߽У˱Ů˶ʱҵ˶ȻֹʣµֻĴ벻ôɫ˾Ǹǹͷ治֪Ů˵˺ʲôһȵǼ١
ˡ˯ȡţԼһ°
˴ϯһɡ
ÿζġ
Ů̾˿ϯϯһֹ
ԼĪеĽŮο˰
ҵͷҪûмˡԭѾҪ˵ҶʱƵһҾٿ
ֻһĹѾ˯ˡ
Ů˽ĳӣϺδˣóֽŽԼϸĨһ顣
İŮĿ˯ˣ֪ЩʲôվڹҲҳҲýԭվôһҲۡһ֮Ů˻ǶϯûֻԽԽ죬Ů˺Щвʡ
۾һգգĿ棬ôûٲǿҪ˰
а
Ҳ֪ǲеãŮˡ˿ˣķɺһ£˾½ο˵С죬˵ġŮ˹ƨɰϯϽתߣɱˣ߲ɶĽȥ
Ů˻µһ£˹ͷֵĵԼԾķŮ˵ø졣ԼƵģŮæŤȥ˿˻˯Ų˿
Ůתѹû뵽˿̹ͷиëͷСĿת͵š
Ů˵Եıѹţҿ˫ۣüͷ΢΢ЩЩʹ΢С죬촽ڵƹ˸Ĺ󡣿ŮԽ飬ԽܣҪϹڱţ׼һȥڵء
Ŷ
Ůֵһʱ͵͵Ťͷ˿ˣûȫɷ򱳺»ЩΪġʵҿȻϹôģʲôù˼ɵģ߳Ļصġ
˼¼˻ûжŮڷٻͷתר־ŪԼŮָĶԽԽ죬ŷҲԽԽҲԽԽ졢óҪﵽ߳Ķˡ
ţû
˭֪ŮԵʱһڿлһ¡

ڽҪͷŮ˽ʱɫͨ죬һԵһбϻҲͬһϡ̱ϯϡ
ȵĺһˮһұ뿪ġֻ˲һ׵ľ룬˶ͣסŲ
ɩӣҪ㣡
Ҳܣץס̱塣
Ȼֻ΢΢ƴһ£ͺ§һ˫ֺܿ촥Էļһֺʵĸо
ԣٿᣬȻںڰУʲôҲһܹеƬϸ塣ҵĴ£忪ʼѸٵ£ˮе¶ȼһҲѸٵķͣѾ·ҵҵĲҵĴ̼£ǿʼСغ߽Ũ
һУԼӸò㽿Ѻϣҵִǹ⻬Ĵȣϵ·ơ
š§ҵ壬һ̼׼ȹڣΪܾЩ¡
С꣬ɡæ˵һһԼûа취·

ҰղԽԽ˾ȫҵȹһĴȸǼ˿֯Сڿ⣬Ĵ̼
òţƬ⻬಻סض壬ҵĶȫſһƬʪľȻҵĿ㶵С
ǶڿŵõʵĸоƼգҸһĸվȣȫҵĻУӲסĥţϣҸС
Ҳ̲סˣֽ⿪ԼŨȫͷųȻԸץסȹӡ
ϵ§סȹڣԼһϵһᣬȵ˲̣Уȥ˵
ҰתԱߵһСϵֳȥҰɫļϥȹõʣҵȫȥħƽƹ֫
ޡ
ͷĴһҵȫȫɣţһһֱȫռУﵽ˾ͷһȽؽҼס
Ӧҵ£ҿʼ䶯ϵ룬δδ̼ųϵغ༤ţչԭʼĽ
ҵж壬ϵؽ̧Ȼ£˶˵ҡ˫Ѿ棬ȫҵ䡣
ö϶˵С֪꣬ϲķʽң˶ܻ͡һ𡣡
˵ֺһ𣬲ϵţҲһδεð೹׵ľһͷǱ˴˵Ŀ⡣
С꣬Сôˣ
දʵ
ӣһĻҲࡣ
Ƶ˵Դ֪ҺȻûжҲ䲻ȣЩġ
Ǳˣ㻹һأҪҪҸҸʱ䣿ˣǲǻûаóˡ
ûأ粻ϲ
ҿƵ˵ԴҲӲϹϾŮԺԼš
ɣСһˣ˵ãԺһҪúöãȻĻҸûꡣ
ĸأڲǸû𣿡
ĳŵﻹ֪ʲô˼
С꣬㡭㣬ҿҪˡѽõĿиʱѼȫûѹֻ֣ǲסĴϢţȫɡ
Ǵ˿Ѿֱ˴ˣ˵ֶ§ŶԷ壬˻Уͷ˱˴˵ҵһ̡




    053 ˻Ϸ˱

һμȥˣȻ׼ȴһֱҲᡣڰ칫УȻ浽سȥѧϰˣ߼һˣȻܹ̫ڷڼиҹأֻܹ̾ŵķԲţʱ󵨵ŮˣֻҲˣ
ڰ칫Уûɵ֪ôźáϿϲԩҡߵڣˮڸֽϺҵͿţĬдϿʫǳʫ˰죬벻
ҼץʹҧʸӣӲ󼸸֡
ιСܵܣûеأɶˣٵһʸӶҪԵ
ڰ칫ǰһ΢Ц
ȥûпʫء
ҴŶ࣬ǶȸպÿԿСȣ˿˫΢΢ĲƷǳˡ
ʲôʫ϶дһ
ע⵽ҵĿ⣬ʱͨ졣
ǣҲʶɣӡ
㲻
Цŷ
ȥΪĻСǡ
ֵǰȥһӰдֽץܡ
ս꣬һĥ˻Ϸ˱裬ۿ񽡣
ۺиʪȥԵޱȣһơ
дĶʲôѽ
ʱͨ죬ȷʵǶˡ
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ҹװʵϿʱһʫ̫ףҪҽͽͣ
ɩӣҲܹС۸ˡ
һŤͷະ
ˣˣǰԩңһͳܣûûˡСҲǵģһˣôһ
Ȱ
ǣҰ󹾵Ͼ֪ǲˡ
ɩӣ沣ɣҲûʲô¶
˵
һ飬СҪ
ȻЩģԥ˵
ɩӣڲʮ࣬Ƿѧô磬Ǿһ̡
һϷΪͣӷΪɫÿɫ10öӣÿһλռһǣӵһɫӡ
Ҳܼ򵥣ӵƶһֱӵУλκηһӣλֱ߷һλǿյģֱӡÿλϣĹУֻҪͬͿС˭Ȱȫռ죬˭ȡʤ
ðɡԥһ£ڵͷӦˡ
ǰϵļʰãٵİں̡ǳ棬뿿м䡣
һʱ䷿кֻܰʣ²ӴʣµĻо˵ĴϢ
ҵ˼Ѿˣרעӣ촩һǶǡÿԿ׵ظ·ҲԿʮ㡣
̲סڳһֻӵ˳ϻĸȻʱһӦסҵħơû뵽һô󵨣ϲ¶һ˿¶ʲô
ҵħֺһֻƱֺƼĲӼ˳ŷ϶һһȹǣѵ롣
ȡµһ£һۣһ˿ְֺ̬޵ӣҰ֡
ԽߵֵֻܹѹסԼ˶ֱӣͷضס̡ȴ쳣Ļȣסؽĥҵħ֡
ͻȻһ󵨵뷨һֻЬѵŲŷŵĽϣһţҪʧҵҲһҿڵֿҵϮûע⵽顣
Ҳ˹ҸӴ󵨣һ̧ѾŵĴϡҲæסҵĽš
̫̼ˣһ߼סҵ֣һǽţʼԵĲ࣬岻סϻζţһֻʹذᶯҵĽţŪȥŲߣСȵ߶ţһȹУϸƤʱҵһϴ磬֦ͷ͸˵ĺһ˴ߣ͵ժ
˶ڴϢʱʱǳ֮⣬ûע⵽Цľ˶̣ȴû¡
ͻȻҵĽϮ˴ȸļסҼȥ
Ŷˣһߡ
û뵽ǵһ̲סأѲһ˵
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ǣû˼
Ҳûҵȷ
˵㣬Ҳ㣬ûа취
װ߼ƽӡ
ϲҪܡ
ˣܣҪǰ°ˡ
˵żҴҵվӣһԼװ˳ȥ
С꣬ղŲҳ˴Ҫɩӿǰǵɡ
ָֻҰıʣʹĵҼۡ
ô˵ѽ
ӳǰһӱϡ
Ҫʲôҿɸ㣬ǰ칫ңɲġ
˰벽˵
˵أ
ͻȻץסĸ첲ѹǰ棬ӭ
쵰ѽҵš
šҼ˵
ٲҿҪˣԺ㣡
հɡ˵ſʼֽ¿ۡ
쵰ǰ칫УɩϾͻˣ
ץסԼ졣
ͣתſȥſҵıӰȴҰһ¹ϣ˻Ҫһ׽
Ҫʲô
ʶҪ顣
ϴβ˵Ҫ𣿡
Ц˵
ʱȻ˶ܣֻǴվԱߣҲɿ죬¶һѩס
С꣬ҪӺòãǡԺڰɣ
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Ķߵָȴݵ촽ظо㴽Щʹ
ŶҪСꡣ
ҵĸŪ֮£ﲻýΣǰ칫Уһô죿
ҿɶļ󣬾˵Ƕ¥ֻһ칫ңɩˣбˣ
ǡ
ûпǡ
˵Űһᣬһӷϱߡ
ڲСǰ칫ҡҪϣǡҼ㡱ȻƵļн˴ȣŵ˳Ŵ⿴ţ͵ơҵָѾʼװǲưոݵġûָǰţȥ¶ߵǦ
ҾҪ㡣
ǣ֣һ¶ƤŵҵĿУѵо𣿡

һѸٵĳԼ֣ҲУҪһ˷ˣҿɡô죿
ԱϸϽͷȥϺͮͮǲʱ͵͵ۡ
ǰɣҾȻϿϣɫʣڴĳһ
ѾĬæĵصġ
ʵ֪ԼʲôҲ֤˵ġ˵һѰϡ
ͷʼ˱ķļ⻬ѩϸۣ֬һ㣬ȥģζ
һһסͷòţҲʼ趯ƺҪץʲôֻѰҵ㡣
еĹЩǡÿԸӪгա˫΢΢ſסҵʣĳ˿Ѿɢһϣ͸Ĺǡҫϣͬţ̰۰׵ͪһŮüĿ֮Ĵ飬Ĺâջа˿־ͷһ˲ҾȻˡ
縡͹ߡ޳⻬ȣڿú϶ȣһ˿أ͸˿ʲ¿΢͸Ĺʡ
̵ģǿ벻̣ҪҲˣƳֻ̫»ݣȻҹ»ϲз硣
šʡҽѧĴֶζˣеζֻ᲻Դ
š
һ΢ϵĺ쳱ģһ۽ֱϸ۽ë΢΢ֺߴӵı⿴ġ
ҸоʱˣԼѾѪڣҲ̲סˣ˫̧ȫȥ
ѽȻһҽУ۾ôģˮѾӿۿԵóֽץסҵĺ󱳣Ҳסҵ֫һһסҿŴǹŵģȻĻ϶ġ
㡭ôˣ
ҲŵһǼƻ飬æͣסԼ塣
ۡѵ˵ǡһΡ
ʲô
ʶ̧ͷ¿ȥ
ѪѪˣ
Ҿе±ߵİɫֽµ÷Ⱦʫս꣬һĥ˻Ϸ˱裬ۿ񽡭
šӺˣګګ˵һǵһΣŮ˵һζѪġ
ʣ
ʵ
ǡǡ
ˣ
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˵
µƶӣһ߸ϵĻʵۡ
ѽ־һ£ɵĽ͵ʣǸУһؼʱ͡Ͳˡɡ
һ仰ҵѪڣȼգʵܲˣ˷ܸԽԽǿң
ȴСޱȣǼҵš




    054º컨価޺

Ҹռӿ첽Ľеۣͣ
æٴֹס塣
ûжͨ۾˵ôͣˡ
Ǻͣ𣿡
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ѽ˵Ⱥһ㡭ͺáˡһǻʼ״
Ҽǰţһ˿˿ûУ岻סزţҹŵĻһ˲ŷųǧѤ
ʱȣˮнݹһʮ㣬̱ϣͷסҡšҿʱˣͳ˫ţʹĿҵļѹظĳѹһԵģΡ
Ȼգ߷ͷʽȺһͷ֪ƣţʵعţ֨֨Ƶ죬ĶͷϽĳ˺ˮͷס촽ֲסץϵֽţҵƶţзһҪˡˣ
ʵû뵽ȻһŮ˷쳣ȷе˵еĵһŮҹ¾Ҷ壬ּӴ󹥻ȡ
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ֺݺݵشһ£˵Űּææ쵽Լ±š
İɣûµģô׼ء
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šȻͷҴʧû뵽ôʵļˣһ콨ɵģʲô鶼ѭ򽥽ġ
óֽ϶˲ͷĬĬðοֵܣԲˣ֪û⣬Ǿ͵һ»ݰɡ
С꣬ġ𣿡
ͻȻ̧ͷ˵
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Ƶת׼гˮʱͻȻ߻ˮԭϴ裬ղʱڻûʧ飬Ȼûעߵ졣
壬Ҷʱ˷ŵߵǰ

һû뵽һͻȻ˳ҿղûнгڡֽͷǰһһһ˷ܵĴţ˺޲һڡǶȿȥһ࣬޳ĴԵþӨ͸ϴŵˮۣԵ÷ǳˣҶʱˮֱɤӿںʲôסһ˵ղŽôʱҲû˻Ӧԭϴѽ
ʣѽ
ֻûü̧ͷԸûע⵽˭
̵ģ湷ʣĺĸм飬ȻҲرֵǹʣһûõˣΪʲôҲһѿ֮
ʣ
ûشظһ䣬Ȼ̧ͷ۾С꣬ô
ʱߵͨ죬һֽεĸо
̵ģŮ̫ɧˣͷеȥǺ¹ʣͻȻֻѹסԼ˼
㻹ҿûŮˡ
æֽסԼ壬Ťƨ߽лԽԽˣҲҿ
ûΪһϵõľ顣Ȼǲ֪ϵˣϾֻǺ˶ѡ
뵽Ծڿ£
һһɫ亹һɫƽض߽̿
ôûѽ
Ȼûһ㷢ļ
ҸʲôҪѽ
װʵ
Сӣѵղʲô鶼𣿡
ҵͷһ£Ȼ˿ܣǽǿһ۵Ρù򿪣ҵĶˡ
ˣԴ˵һʮ¶ǲѽ
ƪĸ˵ģǲԼ׽ġںף亹ҸµĴҿ˸
Ȼģ͵ǰܲܲɣҲһʱ顣
Ҹ·ǳ׾ȥһȻɩһǰɾŮˣҷǳ磬ʲô·һ㶼ԵܺһѼӡ
֫ûë֪±ô¡
ﰵֹ뵽ﲻɵһҪ͵ͷ
ҿ۵ϣͷҾͿؿ±ˡ
鿴ﻹͨͨһš
Ǳ۾֪ʲô飬һ㶼֪ʱֻСɫڿûа֮ģȻ΢΢濪Щҵһ½Ƕȣʹܹ̿ڵĴ⡣ڶ̿ﻹһۺɫڿ㣬ڿ㹿ʵĵģýȷ֮䣬ȥԵİȥһС졣
ҲǸˮذ벻ҲǸɧŮˣôԸеڿҰ
ﰵ̾ţЩ嶯
治֪ϹڼôģǲǿհĻҵлɳˡ
ӵĺ˼롣
һǰң֮뷨ԴӺ෢ϵ֮ҾһǹȥСˣ˵ϳһˡڿŮ˲ǰֻزβŮ˵ƨɳߺһģܼǿҵ
͵ǲǣôÿô
Ȼ̧ͷ濴ңһȺֺЦı顣
ܺÿҿǰٿء
ҳüŪۡ
ִ򡱡ӣʣûл𣿡
ûأ㲻֪סڻСأղŻ绰˵ҪԷأҲ֪ʲôʱ̸ˣҪ˴ơ˵ѾͷôôСģˣС꣬Ǹô
Уռһ档
Ҳץһ㣬øϵ͹ʣһ顭
˵ɫһҲ֪ʣ
Ϊëͷڼңֻܼ򵥵ĳһ٣ɳϿӡ֨֨ѽѽţΪ飬˼ڵϣֻһһӦʡ
ʱԺﴫ˵ʣǻˣæſӭӣֻɩнĸһġɫԲԣǰ꣬ɫܰҲûзʲô
˵һҪȥ˯ʣȥŮޣӦŮˣװͦһȳһȳģ֪ĻΪء
ҲǵģҽԺȥ˵û£ôʱˣ
ɩΪڽǰԲûкұֳرȡ
ĸ˾ͰӴƣʼĲɵģɹʣˣұһ˳Ŵ
㲻Ŵʲô
˵˵
˯ˣҾ̸һ
϶Ҫˣôġ
ҡͷָ
һ顱粵
Ҳȥˣǽ档
ڷУæȥ




    058 ŵӰȳϵĸŮ

ߵſڣŷ쿴߻ŵƣĵĴš
ʱѵĹֵģɫڿڴϣȵͷĴˣʱָţȫûע⵽Ѿˡ
ҰŹϺ󣬿һȻ죬ŵһ£ӴϵңʱҧгݣҪңȴһֵڴϡ
ôˣ𣿡
˵ʵҲǵһξһ㾭鶼ûУ֪Ҫ೤ʱָ
ʱȥģۿȥˮġļͦһһݺݵקҵĶ˵˵أһҲȥһˣջǵģġһֱһ̲סӣСԱ߶ţҺʲôֻǿסΪѽ
ô
㣬㣬±ء
æ˵
ںڰ칫ǿ˼ҵʱô£졭̬
˵šһ¡
̵ģ֪֮ǸĸϻǰôûзأǺǣҿǴϻңҶ±˵ҿһûϸء
Сڿ㡣
ˣʲôߵġ
ס壬ٴΰ
ȪأһŴ
ҵ۾ܿƵֱţ˿ˮ
ʲôûҿˡ
һ겻
ǰǱĥˡ
ס˫һһҵǰ档
̫ˡ
ǰ˸͵ϮһѱסСַҵĿϣֻҪǸо⣬ľͷ˶оõҵı仯
𡭡𡭡С꣬
Щ٣ѹɤӶ˵ҽĲСеġﻹء
˵ʲô
һ񣬲˼ΪѾױһֻ֪ħԼʧңѵҪҲҪӦ
㲻ǡ
Щʧҡ
㻹ҵɫˣֻ뱧ѡ
һԴӰĶ
ô죿
ĵʵ
һ̣˷ѽİɣһҪãʱͺúõ˰ɡ
ҽرץţ촽ͣ¶Ĳţ
Ūˣһ̲סġ
һı
û£ϱûˡ
Ҽţץķ¶ؿš

ҵ˫ش̼£˵͵͵һҿ˫ۡ

ҵ촽ӡ촽Ѿ
ǵʮ㰡а̾š
ʱҸеһָֻſţҲ֮׵İ⣬Ȼ˼ɵƣǲݲ¡
ǽļǳƣһֱϰ࣬ڼһֱ겻ɢʼûеõƷʻĻᡣϰһֱ᲻ɩӻȡЦ˵ҲŮһһмǸҶڰ칫һ꣬Ļ
С꣬Ϸ¶Ӱ㻹ǵһοɣԹȥһ÷ӳԱ
ٽ°ʱɩӽ
ŶӦһʵĸطãô֪
ǣͷͷʮ꣬ķӳš
͵
ŶһģͷôǮ
Ҿȵʵũܹһӳŵ˲࣬һҪٶ顣
ʲôѽʱͼӡŵʱҲûмôãиô˵ţ
ͷ˵ŲТ˺֣ͷʮˣܿ
Ҹϵʱͷ˷ܵվָӣҸæһ˵ˣ
Ե÷ǳ
ȻԸӣһ£쵼ʮ˻ŵӣҲ岻֣ûȥڴȳϹתơ
Ҳˣ
ʱһŮǰҴ
Ŷ峤ѽ
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Ů˽нúƯȻʮˣһҲԵ̬촩һǳɫ˿ʵ£ճǰķĹ⻬ѩϸۣһ黨ȹӸոϥǣСԸС³ΨһŮ峤˵һŮкܣɩ˵ϱҪһʱ칤
峤Ưһǵһμ㴩ȹء
Ŀڻ˵˵ʵǰǹϵĽӴŷ治
ȡЦ̣ҶʮˣƣƯͷ
ȻзϣϵЦôҲ赲סĸŮ˲ϲ佱ء
ģұ֣Ҷأ
ٺ٣ȻǳĺӣͣһŮӰɣ
Цû֦չǰסԾһ˲ҴڿԲ乵֣ȻбǮ¶ǰæӣһȡ
ѽ˵Ķ滰
æӦ
˵ʲôأ
һŮ˹Ž˵Ҹղռλӡ
ã
Ů˵ͽһҲǸӣվһǽû
Цû֦չȹӱýķεԲ߲סζῪЦŮСسǶء
ĸŮ
壬ԺоȻֳһӡ
˵ũŵӰ¶糡ǳ򵥣ڴͷĴȳһƬյأȻϰһײȻ֧һܷӳУʱֽĿȽϵһһеӰʮ˶Ϲһǳ֡
ˮ¥̨ȵ£ûеȫڣϵѾԹ׷ԼӹռλӡЩС̷ʳҲӵһߴߴȺҴܣϲģ֪˿»Ϊףء
ҲҰһӣ׼վλӵɩһ
˭֪һɩӡʣһطֻܺ͹ʣһվߣѰøɩǡ
ɫȫӰϾҪʼˣҴһܣִȳϾȻռ˲¶ǧˣͷ
տʼǼܹվһ𣬵һҾҲʣˡĴȴҲӰˣҵֻ׿һһӰ
ϱ߷ŵƬɺ롷ҲǸƬӣǿýζ
š͵СڴڣȻһ㣬Ҫǰ˵סҪˤͷŭĻعͷ׼ǳߵˡȴһŮϴŽʹسҼѹ
һ㻬弸㶱˼ҵĻУҪѹ⣬ֻеԼϴͦ۵˫壬ģܻжʱһ𱸡
ոյҵıǼ⴦ŵƹ̲סصͷŮⲻǸղŽŮСôˡղûϸʱзζ΢ԵЩ°ͣԲԲǡһĽë΢΢ɽӡüһ촽һ˿ʣǸ߸ߵ¡𣬵ɫˮɫȹԵƮݣϸϵ˿Ĺյøˣ֮һӹŻˡ
ʱȴüͷ壬̲סĿʵôˣǲǲûкһ𣿡
ϸ죬ڵƹӳ£Եóҡҡͷ˵Ҹղųû¡
ôˣ
ҿֹӣæһѹеʵ
ȻһʮСӰͷתм䣬װӰӣȴӰŮ·¸Ĵȡ
ѵһ䣬ԭ˳ڿӰʱ˿ӵûռˡŮ۰߰ߵӸҵС
ҸȥһץסǿǸСӻУתһ룬һ˼һˣⲻԧ֮٣
ҳһƳһѶʵĿ⣬˵ѣ
ͮͮģҡҡͷˮѾ߰ߵȴҿȻΧ˷֡
ŭͷû뵽һô󵨣Сһһһץסɫǵ֡
ǸѧģʱŴˣæԼ֣ȴץĥ
ĸͷҵ°ϣ׺ݵĿ⣬Ѿʼ£ʹһգ֨֨죬۵òŴֱ¡
ҿ㣡
ҵһ䣬ſ֡
ҵֵ֣̻ȺʱǵĿⶼĻϣҲûע⵽﷢顣
лл㣬磡
Сл
ô£ͻȻеԼϲԾеճճĸоѵҰַƣС±ߣһʱ
С
Ҳʶô£СӺˣƺܹšˮæ¶óһҵϲš
ҧ촽ͷر飬ʶĸؿڵһźڰղǸɫǵΪҲһȣСֲ
ҵϣСûзֻǵͷ
˿ûһע⵽ǣ̲סذҵؿڿ˿Ӱ§ʮŮ




    059 ֮ҹ

Ҿվĺߣĳǰƶ˼֣Ĵȣ΢΢һȴûж㿪ȻȹӣһܹܵϴŮеĹ⻬ϸ塣Ҵܴ̼ӽؿȥȵһ
оʲôԼĺ󱳣̲סòһ£ЩԾæͷһʱϺͮͮΪȻ׹
ҲһԺȴȻѣɵаֵѽʡʡİɣȻһǳԲ˶ߡ
˿ֻӣæӳԱƣεľ档
Ů̵ĿҵĻУǸˣҪ˵һ뷨ûУԼšװʶĻļͷ§֫뿴ŮӵķӦ
ץҵ½ǣ弸ӲҵĻУ˿˼ѾȫڵӰˣֻǰͷתԱߣңװ֪ҵĶСѾͷ˼㿴оҵĴĺ±˽ȥ
Ĵļ⣬һ𣬵ȴûһʶĳҿ˼֣һоȵħˣͷת֣ҵĲġС۹кȪˮעһ㣬ʼȻûпֻҧ촽ĻζβĦҵ塣
û뵽СһСŮӦúһഺʱڵԼʵУ崿ŲӿһķӦԿ
ĸŮ
ӹƽ̹еԵСУҸеСĴϴѸٵȥסҵħƣҲֹĽųԵĴС
ӦؽͦҵĶ˶Ľ΢΢Ĳš
ʱǰȻи˳Ա߼˳ȥӦ;˳ϲģǰһûڵҸæͣס֡϶ϾͱһʮĸŮӱӰϿȻûע⣬ҵȹ߿ʼ֮ãƬʪ̲סһӴƵĳһͦҵȥĶסҲоԺߵϮӲסػζĥҺȻԼģҪŷһ
ħḧ࣬С糺죬١ҵٶȼӿ죬ԵĸеȻϢı仯šȻĴһУҵֽӲ
ҵֳʱһЩˤȫҵĻУͷȥɫϺͮͮģϵǳʢҲٲѡ
ȻЩ仯ֻܹӺ߿ֻһ§һ𿴵Ӱѡ
СĳһڳӲĻĵشӺסҵ֣Ǹæ¡漴ϱʲô½ӹš
ǳȥɣ
ҵ˵
šһȹĸоҲǳܣӺһ
ǰ߿·Сں߸šȺҿʱӰھʵƬϣýζԲûжע⵽ǵٶ
Ȼ֣˷ӳشΪڸɴʵ·Բص⣬ͷԶǰȵء
С
ȻһŮ˵ʾĸ׽ҵкڵѪôһؼʱҪӡ
衱СһϺġ
ôһ𣿡
ǳ졣
ҾͳŮˣ˵أĵװһŮˣϴЦݻӦŶղȺɢˣǡңҾͰСˣû뵽ôɡ
Ҳ治ɫĲľˣ˵ѻ
𣬡
ŮЩҵ˵ǣĿⲻסС
裬ŲˣôҲط
ʱСʱĸҽΧ
ˣһҾͱмˣֲڣֻܸżͳ㣬ҿȻĻҪżʲôʱء
û¡ҿѾΪ˵أҪٽȥһ
ˣǻȥɣҪȻҪ߶ˣǸõˡ
裬ô˵֡ûе˵꣬С˵
ڣǸȤĳŮ˶Լ⣬ҿĶͷ°ͺܼ⡣а룺˵Ů˶ʢŮˣ֪᲻ԼϹñӡ
ô˵һ˺ͷһ֪Ⱦƣһ˵˵Ųŷֻˣסڲ˼Ц㿴ЦˣЩ¡Ҫٿһ
ˣһ飬ˡ
˵ҳȥ
ǵģɨˣ˰һ٣ȴʣǴңŸյһСֱײǲ겻ѽ
ôһ֣Ѿɥʧ˼ȥ˼ҲûкǴһͷԵĳȥ
ڴŲžŵӣչһ»ҪһƬӡϾĵһҲûУżУɼϵ˴󲿷ֶȥӰˡţƵ·ƽҵӰϳϳֵʯʪʪġ
ߵңҸͳԿףȴϴֻš
ѵ˱
Ҿ֣ŵĳԺȥ
֣ôС¥ţѵǳȥˣֻð򿪡
ԣҼһûȥӰҸղžȻˣô˵ʣҲľͻˣԭһԤıڵӰոտʼ汳Ȼгĵ뿪̵ġ׼صͣ˳¥϶¥Ȼᡣ

ȻҸߵоһŮ˵ķдԵıѹţ
Ŷ
ֵһǳˣ㵴ʱܷǳִֵĴϢ
ôֻһ˵ʣأֻȴûйʣ߼

һ߽Уŵһڵأߵȷ
һߵűߣµƵĿأʱķһƬݶĴ˸ҫ۵Ĺâ
ڴϣ˫̵ϸߣһֻǰԼǰķһֻԼ֮䣬̶ƶϡǰһһһ˷ܵĴţ˺޲һڡǶȿȥһ࣬޳ĴԵþӨ͸֮˿Եޱȡ
Сꡭô𡭡𿴡
Ƶһϱߣһ쵽ȷ졣
ÿ
ߵڴϣ塣
ޡ
ͽһץŽŷ˹ڷһ˲䣬ڵ֮ıֱҿ˸⻹ǵһοȫòѩļӳȤ
С꣬ҪʲôʹصŶˣ¶Ĵ⡣
û뵽ôȤѽǲƽǳįѽ
˵
Сꡭ˵ҡ
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毺õݣһûеõ˿̱÷ǳ
ˣС꣬Ұɣɽӵİ
ȼеýģңȻ顣
ץϥеҴ򿪣ﲻͣĵţӰ
ʱѾȫԼ֧䣬ýİҪŮˣ췢й˴ҽӣʣءʣĶӶҪ㣬ƾʲôҾͲԿ㣿
Ҳм˵
Ϊ˴߳ģҹ˵ޱȡֻ֪ô˵ĴʹȻʵϹʣûкнһĹϵ
ȻҵĻ󣬽һһ󳱺졣һֱ쵽ľӡôģΪʲôҪôҡ
۾﷢εٿĴ۽߳˳Žӵڵذϡȷ·֧Ƶĵķ˿
ɩӣ֪ܿࡣ
ʵĵŮˣʮ꣬׻˵ʮǣʮ绢ʮŮԼļįҪ֪ëͷĵ⣬ǽҲûл˵ŮػѣҪǺģղŵķӦҲԿϧƫƫ˹ʣ
һͣɫֱļϣһɫխСڿһţѩ׵ĴȲ֪߳ܵĴţ߳ŭıγĶա
ޡ
һʴǵĵֻƵ˷纮Ƶһ¡
ʱѹƵģңЩţЩɫڲ磬еС꣬㻹֣ٲ֣ϾҪˣ
Ļء
ӣҰ㣬㶼ˡ
˵һֱϸ
׻ظţıסҵͷ𣬲ҵħѾʼ½ѾԼװҸûзѶ¡һֶסĴȣһѾнӴ˴˵Ļȡһ£˫ҲЩ壬̵¡




    060 һ滨

㻹ҵģԲԣ
ҹǰ棬ָĲŪ壬㿴ˮɽ㻹ʡ
˵ҽָ쵽ߡ
ҲҪġ
Ǻüƴҡͷ˵ͬһ仰
ʹı飬ҵӿ˿УҺࡢɩһʱδйĸо
ǰŮתĵӣҵֿʼ
šҪ¡
ţƾҵСôҵ屻ұýġ
ÿ
Ҵ³Ĳ֣ʼֱ

ʧһ뻽µһ¡
ӣҴĽȸУҿʼĶůůϢ㡭ôԵʣ
ŤͷɫĲۿңǱõָƵϡ
ǸɧŮˣû˵ԲԼϹȴ˵ԲԼĶӣҪ״߳ġûشֻԹԵʶ壬йԼ顣
˵㲻Ҫ㿴
§ǵ塣
ҪΪ顭
۾ҡͷһּƽߵĿСҵţҪҵĻѳȥҵ˫εĹ̶ÿһֻͽ͵ӱ˴˵ĿС
ѵʣû㿴
§ס϶Щ˷ܵ˵ӦûУϾʣûġ
ӰôҰ
һ쵽ҵııңٵҵĶϣŪġ
ղô
ҲĽץסļ˵š
㡭Ժô˰һٴ
ǵͨ죬͸ƻһ
Ǿһװɡ
ں˵
ͣҵǰҡȥģ̼ҵӾ񾭡Ұ·ȫѵ
壬ʾվ
ĳҵļվŵĹϵչҵǰ
ֻǰ·һֻܾĸͷѾû˸շʱӡҲվ¾ͰԼ˸⡣
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ǣֵײײ˴ǰ档
ס
ָָǰ棬òɵĿ˵ֻùԹԵ֧Ŵ̨壬׵ļڵƹ¸ǾӨ͸壬˫ȣſĺϡ

һƵĵͺߣԼĶֺȻ֧塰ҵĺӰ
ҸĶĿţԼ˷ܡ
ģŤͷЩ޿κεĿ˵ûˣʣѵĸ׶ҡ
ͻȻߵĵһüĿ֮ķ龡¶
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Ȼлģȴ˼ɣһĸô졣
ѽ
ճȭ״ýģóѾʼˡ
Ҫ˰
ҡͷɹһ
Ҫ˰
ȫѹϣԼ
Ҫ桭ҪСġ
ŵҵӣ˷ܡŵıҲƲסԼ𡣺ȻµһޡӲ˰
һʴǵĵͽУңǽץסҵĸ첲ָݽ
ʱһɵĸоԣҴžҵµı塣ôŴԸһֻ̩ĸоȫ
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ŭȴҷס졣
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ô
Ķͷȴеһ䡣
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ͻȻеԼճճģǸղš̲סصͷȹмѪߡ
ǡ
һæֱ壬ȻѪˡ
ǸˣֺȾƣ
͵




    066 ꣬

û°ɣ
һǵһ飬ҳ̶Ȳ硣
û¡ҧҧ˵ղŵʹѾʱò
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Ҫæץסҵ֣ЦõĴһ˵㵷ʲôң
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һȥҽ֪ô죬㡱üͷнԼ˵
ұɡ˵꣬ѾȻѸٵĶȥ

һ£ҵıϡ
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ӱ߲Զһ߿ţѾԺ
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С꣬Ͻˮ㡱ʱԸ
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С壬С̵ôˣ
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ҿӺʵǵһοѾͷ˼ģء
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ꡭ
ЦûЦСѾͷҲ̫˼ˡҸұ֤ҸղžԻŴ˼ٵĿǰһûмʳĵزѾͷġ
ЦʲôЦңң
ʹСִҵţǳջ
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Цʵ
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СȻԼĶͷ
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Уǹйӵġ
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ҲεСѾͷҲ̫ͯϸˡ˿СѾͷһɫĺɻСɰȹ΢͸ذܽأϴ쵽СȵĻ߶ɬȱȫڵӨСǱ¶ڿУ޳ϸ۹ࡣɫЬճֻ㣬ɷƶˣ
ҸæתĿ⣬֪СѾͷѾȻȷǸһɰʹ
Сʧ֮ʣͻȻͷŸŷۺСҵĲ°һǣҵͷҵգһĵζ
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ǶԿˣҲһΡ
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СѾͷһҲϳԣղ࿴˻ƴһԡ
һڹļæµȻ˵ܶõģÿһ춼ڴжȹæµڿʼʣȻҪǹ顣
ʲôûи߽ǣ
ҿָʱлҲ̫ˣͶʻҪǵӭӡȻѾýˣƵǾȻûҵ
ǣ߸ǸӭʽѾӣҪǵߣʲô
Ҳ˵
ˣ𷢻ˣ˼ҿͶʵġ
ЦŴǵ̸
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ıӰһȣⲻǰʱҵǰζҵθڵø߸ߵģȴһҲûռèץһ㣬ôõĻ᲻̫ϧˡ
ؿڵ˷ôҲѹƲס뵽ʻӰӣ̲סߵſڣ׼͵һ
Ž飬ߵǰҶӣͷ˳͸쳯߿Ͽתߡ
ڿˣֻ˯´ӽϰ룬ѩ׵壬޳Ĵȣ˵ϸԲļͦ
û뵽ôãһҲʮŮˣСûӷ׵ĸо
һ˫޳Ĵԡ߶ɢ˵Ҷʱϧֻܿʡ
ڻˣȥԡһѩ׵µһӰľͷһˮΣմŵˮ飬Ʈɢżˮ峿¶ĺɻ緭ˮյİ͵ĵƹ£ǹļӨ͸⻬󣬷·𴵵ƣʰ͸ɫҰ͸죬ɢ˵
ҵıǿмѪĸо̲סĿƣƽСϸȻһ壬ˮƮʱʱ֡
ûпɣڱһȣһѪڵذϡ




    067 

һĭӳг̬ڽỬ꣬ıͦû뵽ʱȻһѪĶȻſ˫ȣˮͷϣָס䶯ţϸϸϴͯһûаһǳϧ
֪ˮѬĻԼָòģ۾¶޵⣬ܹ棬ʶģԼָУϵ˱ָ
ĵ񸻴ϵĳˮһûеǳʼѾӿ̰ȻҲмֺºͽţͺһκɩڰ칫һ
顱ҵ弤֮һ£ͷϣ
ͣ˷һ£Ǽϴȥ
࣬ͷΨһǣڶϴ֪ʱˣ͸æվӣϿӣѩƮ裬Ȼ˼Ҳûϱߣֻһسԡſ
ʱ򽭰Ҳ˿ĴԡҲ飬ǸоĿңһš
ôģҲܿǵġ
ͷվҲԶĵط˵
ϹɣҲûʲô顣
ҺεЦЦаĽп࣬ĽӴѾظоϴζ۾ǰƮɣҵԺٴθ޵Ļ棬˯ºڵסؼλͻǳĿѵղŰ¡Ҳǣ˭Ըһʪ
ȥ˯ˡ
ӴҵĿ⣬һεɫ˽
Ŷһعʱ򽭰ѾƮƮ߳ȥ
ҿٵ߽ԡңղûпȥʱöԡҲǽȫŰɫˣɼˡҿݽǷļʱǰһⲻǽۺɫ𣬹治ϡ
ֽ˹ϸϸһ飬һ˿ʪҰ·ŵǼţ·ŵһɵζŮ峤ýӴµζŸղ͵ϴľͷڵ
һ˿˷ܵϢҹԼ±ߣͺܵĽӴһԺвסĻһĻ棬Լ˷ϸ
ǵﶥ֮ſʼʱͻȻſˡһ󼱴ٵĽŲ
⣬»ˡ
һ˲ҵԽתתδأǳ壬Ҹô죿
ŸոշĲۼһæˮУϴһѣͼ֤ݡ
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ʵ
ţʲôϴϴ׼˯
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ŶûУҸղŶˡ
е
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˿ϱʪģϣ̫⣬ܹҶһء
ʧˣ߳ʱɫ࣬ͽһܲѾµҸղ顣
һǵһôҵķԣдܴŮ̲Ȼڶ췴ӳˣϳԷʱȻûнңһֱ˯ʮűԱѡ
ˣǵһȥ˰ɡ
ȻĻش
ӣ̲סĳǸ峤˼ҡ
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̬ȣҲܹûȤֻаѻУ׼˵
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Ȼһ˲ٰģûۿһΡ
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Ҷʱӷоѣ³ôʱ䣬ǴûмŮˡѾһˣࡢɩվŮǰȻʧɫ
ΪʣǶȱʣͺѡһÿŮ˶Ҫʡ
ȻҲ˵ǵʲãŮ˷ǳ磬Լòǳ˽⣬ǡֵ·гԼ
׿㣬ų㷢Ժ󣬸ͦǣһ㴽΢΢¶׵ݡϴһʽȹӣոյϥǣ±¶һιСȣϺͼ˿࣬ɫĸ߸Ь
վǰľһŮˣԹųŮ۾һݹŵҲɵˡ
³𣿡
촽δ˵һ䡣
ޣǣǡ
ѹæӦҲӴлζֻ˶Ů˷ɵŮҲ赲
³´꣬λǽ峤лŮʿɣ
ָƽЦݽܵ

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ҰǰƤӷŽᣬ֪ʲôصģȻҲûпʡ
ιҷ³ţȻװͳһ۾²ؿ;ķ羰
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Ҳ׹ԭһƶ绰ȻЩأǿԹء
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ˡ
ȻˣĴ󳧳ͨһһԪһǵһηԼȱʶڲ¡ļһ˵ھܴ绰
еģĵžûпͨ
ҡҡͷ




    068 ʱ

ȳӴﵽſڣԶԶľͿһվڽֵӭӣǰһĺӭлŮʿͶʣȻһжҵĽ飬Ҫо˵ĳ⡣
Ǹո̱ͣھžͣһȺСѧɵĹĺŶӿʼ֣ϰ¡ǳֵ֣ϵ˶ۼſڣǣеĻֱ֣Ѿ֪лͶʵ顣
һ³ϣûеǿڣлʹһɫιóƤȸ˳ѣҿɩңҲæǮιʼûҸóһǮˡߵ¹Ӷٶĳѣ۾ûգ
ûдޣ׼лɷסߣû뵽⵽ǵĶȻܾл˵Ҳ³ˣһ˲ףξΪѰġ
Ѷӭ͸Һ˵Ѿصߣֻ´ɲٴαʾллϯ̨ϿˣҺɷϵظл¹λ쵼ͼ縸׶ǹĺͰβԶǧصԼĹ磬еظܵ˵ĹĺʺʵЩʱ޿̲ڸĸĹػ˽ǣң
ܹŮˣ˵һһ׵ġ⿴˿µˣһŶţֳȤӡ
λصǿһ¹ķչȷͶĿ㻹ϣ³͸λ쵼֧֡
͵͵Ŀ˿ԱߵлᣬŮϴһֱҵıǿ׵УشǼĵʽȹӿõķ϶УĴȣ˫΢΢ķֿСȵĲ
Ȼϱɫ˿ڵ͸ǵ֬⻬񣬿һȡ
лĶҵͷ͵ţϧǲܹ޵˶§뻳Уһ׷
̨ϣĿܹ˵˷ԡҲ̨µ˻ῴΪǶȵֻܹҵͷûзҵĿⷶΧ
ȻҸеԼһֻСҵĴһš
ɩӣ
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СȶǺܰףûһ̺ۣ̲סȥһѡ
ֱͦӣסҵߡ
ϴ͵ʣ龰ִ̼ľͷһӿԺҲûй˼ʲôϣ󵨵쵽ϣȹ§§
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ȴҲǼɢŮ˵Ϣзζǰбɴǳĳصߣеһ㵴ο⼸һֱδŮɫ
С꣬ʲôأ
ҵæεԼ±ߣҿʲôס
ޣⲻǸոջ𣬿õûУô۲ۣ
˵ҲһƨڴϡվҵԣȻǶȿԿǰ⣬΢΢ķֱ֮
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ҾҪӴһ˲䣬ѾܵˣǱҽ§ڻУŰԼĺ촽
տʼм־ܾһһȳУԾн彥СҲҵıϺҵץţзͳʡ
бŮˣһʱ侫ԣԼĸйٺܿһ㣬·ֿԼϸУͬ񣬷Ĵӵرӵÿ䡣
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ѾȣһĵĴϡУûƬ̷룬̰ľȡŶԷеķҷ
ʱ˫۾¶޵ģֽ§ҵĲӣ˳ĽסҵĻŤˮгε㡣
˷ӵһȶͬԭϵҰݣѸٵҵĴֲס§ĳ˳ںڵĳżˮڰջмкɢڽ׵ļͷ
˵Ķ˯µǰŦ۲֪ʲôʱѾɿǰǶѩ׵ĴɫѾ¶
ǽرһϢššҿ΢ۼٴϢķ飬ĵ㣬޹ǵ塣ҲĽӴǷأֻһƬҲ̲סˣѾֽ⿪ԼĿӣžҪǱ˯£Ѱȡ
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ץסСʱЫסһæǵһ飬жδ֪ĺ棬ŮеɬͿ־塣
¡ҼյСñĴһᡣ
һк֪ҵִֻ֣ǰͷҵϣСֶ
оؿһһ˳ž˿ҵͺĻһԽԽ
ʼį˫Ҳʼ̽
Ȼͷ̧еɬؿң㲻Ҫ
ûֵͣ˼µؼӴ
㡭ô죿
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˵ͷ¿ҵļϣͷɢסţʹҿӣȴƽһִ̼С
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СҲѽ
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ʱһССڵϣûеǷӦѾ
ʲôǶסˡոµķۺɫСڿ㣿Ȼûдϣ




    069 ־

ĸ˶ľżһȻǸۺ˸ô졣
ǡҡҸæǸɵץ˹Ȼڿ㶵С
ʱɩӺҲζ硣
ˡʲôҲû
Ҳ֪ԽԽڣԽԽ죬˵Ŀ¸ɴ಻ˡ
ɩӣôôͻˣǸлĸģ𣿡
Ҹæ⡣
Ҳûʲô飬˼ҲŲЩôأ˿͵ͷطҲˣСлģлͦģ͸ĸ˫иݰˣ¹ʱûеõ׵չˣܹΪ¹ĺܲסͦģ
Ե˵
ɩ֪ô
ɻĿ
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ЩĬȻǴعʮĴˮֵһ¹Ҳһ˽顣˵е˶Աھðͷܹ֮õʳŪ֧Ԯ
飬Ȼһп
лỹ˵ǸģǮҪر硣
˵Щп
ѵá
Ҳ̾
лĺƯǲѽСꣿ
ͻȻתƻ⡣
ǡǡҸոջشڲŷѾͷһ壬ʱЩЦá
ôһشˣʱҿǿ۾һֱ˼ҵѽ
뵽Һղ飬мּʣŹҡ
лᵱȻƯֱ׳˵ǡ
˵Żһת
ʲô
ǡǼСûпɱԣһǧ
ҡȻ˵
ᣬûн͡ǼС硯ˡɩҲЦ
ϺӣüĿ¶Żϲ϶ǶҸղŵı⡣
лͦƯģɷ򡭡
ֱڿ죬ֿ˵
Ҫ˵˼쳧ġ
࿪ֹ
ʲô߶Լˣ㻹´ȥѽ˵Ҳû˵ʲôǿǸιҲ˳ۣղǵɫԵģлСҲ˵˵
ţǸιȷʵͦ˵ġ
ɩҲͷ
ҵûоãҸιһȻе㱩İǴ٩٩̸лǿԿ֪ʶͦԨãаǧʷͷͷǵǶԽʷжļ⡣Ҫ֪Щ֪ʶһʷѧҿ˵Ǵһ˵ж𺳣ĸı˶Դιҵӡ˲򵥡
ʲôǷˣøͷһװģĲʱǸһںשͷʾԼǮ
ꡱҶʱЦͷͦģǲשͷǴ󣿡
ֽ͵
ιҲ˵ˣҫ˰ء
ɩҲЦ˵
Ҫ˵׵ĻںߣιҷǳԼ˾ҫԼĴһں󣬲¹򴲵СӶ֪һ˵ġשͷ׼лԷأɩ˵˼ƴǵˣڰס˵סǮЩⲻȥ
ҲûлؼңɩӼһһٷǺԣ˰죬Թһĵϰࡣ
Сѽôϰô磿
ҸߵǰͷѾ̽ͷ
Ŷڼûʲô飬ЩˣϡһҪ£Ҳô죿
˵ҲǣС꣬ɣǿһʱûˡ
ҿɲҵһһҸϳô죿
ϴαͷϳһֱǺһơ־ֵ÷ôĻ
ٺ١ͷ˼ץץԴ˵쵼ʹ˲С˹ˡ
үͣڡ
ҸæֹסⲻҵҲŶ󣿡
˵ҲߵԺƿţϡ
С꣬Ǹлʲôߣ
ͷ˵
лᣬô㲻ǡ
ҿЩɫĿ⣬Ʋ⵽
Ϲ˵ʲôأͷӶˣǸЩһʶ
ͷŭĺȳ
㲻һϲԩ𣿡
û˵
ʲôͷûоо֪𣿡ԣǱܸÿ˰ɣʲôʱ򻹸ң
ͷͻȻѹ˵
ϣϡҴ˵ʵҲ֪ǱŪȥˡ
Щͷβû׷ǼʵǸл˵ǰ¹ģ
ԣСлġ
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Сл
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ͷ϶˵
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꾩ǡŶ˵ʲô
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εѵһ׼ܹôණˣô֪꾩ǵķأ
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ͷ࣬ƾһֵķ͸˼Ҷ͡ҾúҲûʲô˼ȻҶǱ־ȽϸȤϧϼһ񱦱һѾˡ
ߣġ
ͷ
ʲôĵģ˼ֲ¹һԺ֪ġ
˵߳ţ˰칫Ұѷȴ򿪣ವľ
ûжɩӺҲϰ࣬˽̸һصԵĸλȥ绹Ҫл򸾵СлĸĸϷء
ʱл߽ǵİ칫ң˶·лһ欣Ϸغе³װѾɩ¶ĽĹâĸŮ˲ء
ιվıֱȻĴӲƣ۾֮ҲԵôѿһ͸¶һ˲иС
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ҲȤһΪ͹ϲЩӰ˵ء
л˸Ĺâ
Ȥѽ¹ƶҪɵʵ¡Ƭɽÿϧˣǲǿһʯֵ㾭ùľʲôġ
ǸøɲѽΪϰտǣĸɲɲࡣ
л̾
ҲϹ֣Ƭɽ˭Ūһײ˿Ϳɲġ
ɩӸտھͷԼ˵ط˵ɷһлˣǿô졣
ײͣ
ιҹȻ̧ͷ
ǣ˵
ɩЩ͡
Ǻǣʲô£¹ʱҲ֪ǲɽˡ
лᵹûжķӦ
Ȿ־
˵Ŵӳ鶷ó˵¹Ǿ㿴֮㻹
һһ
ιЩϲлҲ΢΢һЦ˵óˣҾӣԼϲͲҪ
˶顱ı顣
ˣʱˣлСһȥ㸸ĸķϿλô
òáлæ˵⼸ǲѾܲ˼ŮӦְҺ͹һȥͿˡ
ôأǸղŶ˵ˣһлСȥģ
ðɣ
лЩΪѵĿιҡ




    070 ¹ܣŴ

лҲûͬһȥֻǰǶͳû͡
ҿлıӰЩпǺһŵʣз¡
ǹˮ͸ɫͲ˿޳ȣ⻬ȳƣԼ·𪱻еĺˮ͸ֱĿϾӣŮˣﶼǽ㡣
ιιٿӾҪˣϽ
ͻȻҵļ˵
ʲôѽ
Żع
ɫǣߣɩӣǻȥ
˵ļ»ص칫С
С꣬ȵȡ
Ȼ¥ͷ̽סҡҿԴлһͷ۹ûзſסضڴп
ɣ˼ˣ
û˵
ٺ١ͷͷȻ˳ʵȥʲôôҸ˸ϣ
ȥСлϷأǱͬһأ˭֪˼ҲãԼһ˾Тġ
ǲϷҲû֪
ͷ˵
ǲвѽ˭˵طϷأ
ҹĿͷ˵仰ʲô˼
ǣҵ˼˵ҪǲСлˣϴҲû֪
㡭
Щˣ˭ĵ˼ҵ㣬㵽ڻǣ
ʵѡСлϷĿĵġͷͻȻĪһ䡣
ʲôĿģ
ҿֱЦ
Слķص̲Զһأǿ϶̽ĹĹȥˡ
Цü£ס죬ͷ̫ῪЦˣΪǸûгĺóóȻȻĽСлȥĹһϸƤģһƾǣ
鱦С̲ǿ϶ȥС̲ϡ
ͷ϶˵
С̲֪˵ǰ˿һΪ
ȻǻʦԽ뻭ʵǲˮҸұ֤ʦԼҲûм˼ҲӦÿһ־񣬻ߴɫʣͱǵȣνĴˡ
㲻𣿡
ͷҵȻ֪ҸͲ¡
үҰɣҲ֪ôлô໳ɣҪ˵л³бĿģţ˵С̲ҵҸͲš
Ϊʲô
ͷʵһ˲Щ㱣Ϊҷҵӡƽʱȫһ
еĻһ㿴ѽ
ͷļЦ߳ȥʵҪԭû˵ǿȥģҷĵԭ
û𣿡
ͻȻҵıӰеܹ֤أ
֤㿪ʲôЦ
תӣԾĿ˵үǲ겡ˣ⼸ôЩ׽͸飿

ͻȻһţӻҸСС
¹־
ȻͷóǱ¹־ҿ
⣬⡣
ڿ־ͷۣ֪󺺹ôãʷϢȴ¹쵱ġ
㿴˵ָһָҿ
ⱻɱؽ֮աϱ߶һЩǵļأƣ˳ʮ궬С̲ڻһߣת³ݸãԱдգ鱦Σ̫v³ݱңɱָʹǲZ³ݣǲʿں̲һʧ֮ʦϣһʿ֮ھ࣬һöУʮ£ʮּɼʿھȻ
ʱСںд㣬ں̲ʰýһöϿС³ܿҤʮ
ϱо˺ܶһǴعʮ꣬ʱȲǺܴ󣬿С̲нģûеҿڣͷַһš
ָ˵ٿʮһ£һһɽʿаٹ٣ھٶಽĵط˼
Ǹ췴⣿
Īʵ
ԣΪ췴ġ
ƨҲΪЦŴ췴Ǹһ񼣣ʤ㻹ҹװУ顣
Ҳα˵췴ûһ¾ͱѹȥһֱûбҵǿԿ϶ǲ¹ĿܾС̲С̲лḸĸĵط㲻̫ɺ𣿡
ѽ
ͷôһҵǾе֣ô֪飿
жʱһʡ
ҲƽϲϹоһЩӰ˵Ķ
ͷ˵
ȵȣ仰лҲ˵ιңҲҪһ־Ǳ־ʲôҲûС
Ϊʲô򵵰ұܵ־ȱôݣ
Ҷͷʵ
Ŷ˵ʱľɣ⽨ŵʱԾͱɾˣⱾǴعղõġ
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Ŷҳһ£˵ǲܹƾһ־ȷ˼صĹġ˵ˣǿǵĿˣˣԺҪᡣ
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Ҫ˵ˣԵ֤ݣ̸СϵɳǻᴦģˣپһΣǿ¹Ͷʵġ
˵ͷҲص߳ȥҲûпͷһۡ
С꣬һ¡
ȻвʵĽе
ûҲˬʵЦڳˣ¹̽ôʱЧˣӽǸףͻȻһ͸ʦ绰
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ҸߵŴǰͻȻڽס˵
㣬ѽ
һ⼸æл飬ҲûԶ鷳ЩҲ˼ǰ֡
м㷴ӳֵûˣһѰСȻѸٵĹš
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˵קԺȻȻصС
׼ϰ˷ˣһƿ׾ơôʱһûüеѾһ
һѾѾƺȸ⣬ѾҵĻС
⼸һ˷ϲ¾ˬȻ߲ܣһ̶ŴѾ§ס壬ûеӦѾסС졣Ũҵľֱҵıǿף°ŷزҵ壬ѹһ
ˣ
Щ졣ĺ촽ŵΪ⿪µĿӡĴϸļһȡ
أ
סĻӦţ˫ֽ§ҵľͷзһ˿ʡ
§𣬽ķڴϡнϵУŴᶼɴ۾ңŪܾùֵֹģԼԿһ
յϦ͸϶ҵģۣŴֱң¶巢һɫ󣬷ǳˣҲɵһֻǼӵʱ䣬Ѿѹȫղŷ顣
ˣ
ԼסǺƣŮ˶ˣ˻˿
šҵͷͷĹӣұˮȺȡþûôˣرۡ
û뵽ˮûŴһȴҵĻУһֻ˳
治ϾҼô
Щɬ˵Һܾȣղŵķֱһ󵨡
СЩǸҡҡͷ֪įŮҪ飬ڵȷУΪһиҪҪ
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ץһڵסԼ塣
ҪҪ
ڱҵ壬ѹҵձ
ϻ㵱Ҳèء
һѹ±ߣһսչ
ң˵
ͻȻʼ̵û뵽ʱװȻᣬ³塣
˷㰲ҵĻ˵ǿң쵰
вղеɱ󡣡
ҷ
вҼ˰ɡ
ͻȻʼԼ·
ôˣ
û뵽һ仰ǳôķӦ
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ȷ黹졣
вǶвпЦȻҲԼ·Ҹղ˵Ļһ̼ÿ˶ԼĹ£Ҳ浽̽˵˽
·һֱЩ죬ʵͶŴһҲѹֺܾõĴ̼ͷԼһУαѵɡ
ȾƵĺ֢Ѿȫ¶ҵĴ˽һлǡ
ȻҲҽ̫ڷݣûע⵽ŴĲͬҪѵĻҾԲ
ƵζܣʱѾȫθڣŽֵǰȥ




    071 ҹ̽

ҵͷصߵʣңƴţȻţЩѾϰߣ֪һԴŲסһԺϵģϧǽԴЩͣҲ¶ֱߵߡ
Ƕ˯ˣҲûпƣ°ǳѡ
裬㻹û˯ɣ
Ҹ߽ϱߵĿУһǹʣ
ķдģһҶʱͷлðɣҵѾԼĽɣֻҿԴ֣ͻȻķб˵Ȼ޷ƽȥȻ֪ʣûʵʵԸһŮ
ʣ㡭ôˣ
ҲЩ⣬ӹʣҲոսķ䣬΢һ㣬ͣվǽ͵͵ǵĶԻ뿴ôԴʣġ

ʣûлشһʱЩơ
ȥɣһСҪˣǿô죿
ʱ򿴲ı飬ֻܹƽȣûر𼤶
裬ҡлҪ˵
ʣû뿪ǹ˵仰˳ŷ͸¹ԿĴǰһӰӣһֱ쵽ǰ
Сʲô˵ġ
૵˵š
ѵȻԹʣҵг˲ΣҲǾƾϴ֣ҵȶֲȭͷ״᲻Ȼ͹ʣź˿ҳʲôˣģһˣŬĽֲ׳Ժѡȥ
Ѿþûһˣǵϴλһǰ
ʣ˵
ɵӡ
̾һ˵㲻Ѿд𣬻Ҫô
Ʈ翲ֺԹ

ʣĬֻڴǰͷŵ棬Ҳ֪Щʲô
ȥ˯ɣʱˣһء
һξܾ
裬֪ڹңҲ֪һֱϲֻ㣬ҲֻŻôҡҲ֪ô˵ҡ
ʣ˵ҳԾ֮еĻ
ʣѾˡҪʲô
Ȼһ䡣
æ͸ŷ쿴ȥֻʣȥ
ž׼ȥʱһĶѾݺݵشһ⡣ҵͣסˣֻǴ⡣
裡
ʣҲû뵽
ʣѰɣĳ֪𡣡
ĵ˵úõĶԴɡ
ҸҪȥȻšѵһˡ
ȥСʹˡ
ææһѹʣӡ
Ҳæ˵ԼķУĹţһӵʱ䣬ʣѾķ˳
С𣿡
վڿʵ
ž¥һƬͨ±ߵĵƴˣͷʵôС껹ûл𣿡
ûһ𣿡
ʣƽʵ˿ûиղŵĽš
ɩӼأ˵һлС겻Ǻ°𣿡
ϿǱȽϹҵġ
ûأһֱڼߵǻ
ʣش
ˣ˭֪˵ʲôʱ⼸ܵòӰԼԿף
һӣĵϨˣָֻƽʱôҲ޷˯ҲŸղǳ͵ࡣ
ûʧԼԵЩСǼԽԽȥ˯ţϵϽ϶ŴƵ飬һӿͷ
⼸µôˣûҿƯŮ˾ͲǿҵռǰңҲûΪԼΪڹ
ʵŮҪĶ࣬ɩӡɩǶֻҪһ˵ĻѣҲһģǵȷлûпɱԣũŮеļ޼漦޹湷ʶΪԭΪҵŮˡ
뵽ͻȻеãҸЩʲôر
뵽ĵط´ƿſ˿һƬž
Ҿֱߵķǰţû
¹ĴϣȻϢȫԼڱУһӡһŮˣȴܸ࣬ȻΪڻԵɺϵռǾղŵҵѾӡǡ
һ˿΢ĳҴӻоѣˣ
ԡ
ɤӡ
˭
ȻӴ̽ͷҡ
ңô
ҸæȰ˹ʣǡ
С꣬ʲô
ƺñ˲Լ۾
ˣ
Щ۵˵
˵ʲôѽʲôʱģԹûС
æתƻ⡣
ʵͻˣǸʱʣ㷿С
˵ߵĴǰȻ˵
㡭
һʱȴ˸ô죬ֻš
㶼Һ͹ʣˣ
һ˿
ǣ
ҵͷѾϴ
ô
ʱŻعæӣһѡ
ôôأ˳ٴץס֣һѰڻС
Ҫ𣬡
Щʧ룬С꣬á
ķһץס壬Ҽѹ
ոսʱ˵һЩ飬һȫԼĳԡ

ɵһСУվȣæ˫ֻסңһʱЩ̣ͷҵǰ
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ңҲ¶ϲõı顣
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    075 ۺ

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    076 

һ֮󣬲˶ˣҰųεΧԡۺһϰֺһۺ弸ߣ˵Ŀǲ룬ֻЩޡ
С磬λס೤ʱѽһڰɣ
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򿪳룬߷һᣬǰζӣһζͷ˼ڲ֪Ʈǰ
ǸʱҸոϸѧϰȽϽţһֱѧУޣɵ۰ҲѧУѧΪĹϵҵõչˡڽʦסլһŴ߷ʱո¥ʦ׷Ǯ¥ס߷Ļ϶һЩʦ߸ողμӹûоġȻʦ࣬һ˷ֵһ䡣
߷ĻǳʺϵѧϰЩªһ㶼䷿ӹһ䣬³סĶ硣ҵĸһʮŮʦûԣź۾Ϲʵ֣һֻסԻϴҲôӣֱӾжˮͷһӡ
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㿴һۣŮ˳ͦƯģҲܸųͷ˫۾ˮתдġ
ϴŷۺɫȹѩ׵Ĵ¶ţϸСȳƽʵƤ⻬ϸ壬Ůζܹо·ߵƷζ͸¶һθŵʣɢǿҵջ
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һľ˯ˣ֪ʲôʱͻȻлˮʦϴ裬ǰһʱ龰Ҵһȣ͵͵ܳ䣬棬ԼһĻڣ͹µ岻ס֣ҵɫһĿתضĳ塭
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һͬ˿˫˴ϣѩ׵ľ̲סȥزǣ˯¶ɫСڿ㣬ҵ˽ȥռ˱ȵܶ塣




    077 ˫

һƬ⻬ϸĴдָ⴫Լʣۺķһխڿšҽ֮䣬ǲɵĹϵҵƱȼеεģܶİԲ˲ۺİſЩ÷ҵĸ
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ҲԣҿҲ̲סˣ⺰Ա׾ƣǽ˭Ⱥ˭ӣ




    078 

С꣡
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ܳʱûôȹˣõƿգȻǺܴ󣬵Ǻ󾢺㡣

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һõҹ뵽½С֮ҲЩ⣬θͷһñӣ½ȥʱκȻû
ڰеĽУܹ˴ʵû뵽ҾȻ½ķʽһֱߵҵʱԺȻ½ҳʱһ仰лл㣬ˣ




    079 

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Ҹոձҵͷ䵽·ƶƽʱҲļʲôģûȨ
ΪءûؿһۣȻƨ˼ڣҸսȥһ¸ǵӣʲôճԵĻ¼ļշġ칫Ʒɹʳù쵼Ļ֪ͨЩȫӸҸɣۻĵһɧſƳɵԿƳȥ˵ܵʲô֣ʲô
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˵۾ֹŵ顣
Ϊ˽ڵλһŮְԱֵǷ꣬ʼšһڴϾȻбŮ˵֣ЩҶˣһġ·ϵʱһһ˿룬ƭԼ˵Щӣֻھˡǡ
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ҵĶϵҵĻŤţϸ壬ֻԣĳ嶯ԽԽң§ãϣϱߵƵһߡ
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ۺۼҰɡôأڱϿţô˼ֽ
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    085 

С꣬ѽ
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    087 ½Լ

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ҪˣСû˯ء
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    092 칫

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Ŷ㲻ỹں˼ɣʲôƮ޵ı˼Ͷʰ쳧ģɱʲôӣҸ㣬˼Ψʡ
΢˵һл飬װɻʵǸιҵֵͦģҲϲһо־ʲô
õһӵڵϡ
ʲôСֵģ˼ҲĻˣ
ôͲҵĻأҪ߾ѽͷȰҲЩյ˵
˰ɣ
Ҳͷػ˻֣ҿϺͿˣȫôˣΪʲô϶˼ءɣԺעǺ˰ɣҷʲôԾòã
Ҳá
ͷҷæ
ϻͷ߳û˿ʱ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ϼʱȻܸˣûţһ϶ҵĽ롣Ȼ߲ܣھǹʣζ˾ô̼ҧͷסݣġ




    094 

糿ʱɫ󣬿ȥ˺ܶ࣬ԷʱʣһĿҫɫã˵ͷ͵ļϣҿҡ
֪Ϊʲôӵ¶ҵĴȺݺһšйͷĴ⡣
ҸͲŮ˲ȵͷϵˣִһץס֣ҵĿϣ˼Ҳûѣֻ˳ӵ±߸ſӸҡ
Ҳ֪ǲǹģ־ԽԽҳ̬¶ҵϱߵı鶼û¶ףʣҲûз֡
Թͷһȥ˿ܣûעǾ͵͵Ŀһ˵쵰ҳ󣡡
˭šҵġ
Ц˵
˵ңϡôҪҷֵĻʣˡ
˵ֿʼǽϰߡ
ԩѽ
ҹҵӣȻС˵ҿûз
쵰
ʹһѣҳǰȥ
ߺôһϰѽ
ԶľͿɩվСǰ
С̣Թ˰ɣ
æкɫѾָ
ԹˣС꣬ҲɩӴкǲýˣ
ɩЦ
أ˭Ҳɩӣһȥ⼸һֱɩء
˵ųûעƨһѡ
˵Ĩһ㣬߰ɣһϰͳٵˡ
ɩ治ɫĲ˵
Ӿһ˼죬ͣ׼·ĲϣлǱн㣬Ųʲôӡһ죬˯һѣǰǺʵأ
ȥˣ͹ʣһˡ
ô˵ˣ
Ц
š
ҿЩ˼æ˵ϴˣء
Ϊڼûˣķǳ㣬ļҾӷѳ縡ͻǡô߷ֿ¶ŰعСȣԸˡ
±Ҳô졭
˵ӡ
ĺʱ֧֧˵СꡭϽɡȻһˡ
ʵֻǶѣϴչһķѲʳͶˣվ·߽ˢ
ʱѾ緹Ȼӱ߿ҳԷдż㣬Ӵɷ
ĵ̾һϹһ굽ͷؼҵĻҿҲóѵģ˵ҵҪллϹ
ʲôأϿԣ
شһ¡
٣
ҷԷθĸ̾
˵ʲôءϽԷһҪæȰѹˢˡ
˼վҪߡ
£
æһԹԵ
˵
ţ˵
٣ûʲô롭
Ҷ˶һ˵
˵ʲôأʲôѽ
Իҡ
뷨ʲô
ͣסӣ
ʲôѽҾˣһƽƽıʲôá
˵һ룬Щµ˵оǺ㡭һˡ
ҳһҲũŮʵ˼룬عǧ˼ǣȻҲϹѧʵܴͳŮˡڼ£ȴ֪øЩʲôá
ûҪ߳ȥ𣿡
ʵ
߳ȥ
һ˼
ԣ߳ɽȥߵ硭
Ҳû
һ˿ɫʣǶǵʱˣﻹô뷨϶ɸˡ
˵ֿʼ
ƨ
һ䡣
ɡʲô
һǻǹԹԵ˹ЩҶĵ̻ôġ
׼㼸ơ
˵ҰҵĻУͷˮһ㶼֪ڲи˵Ů˶ʮǽδ꣬ʮǴڻֻһСѡ
оҵڶŲŲİõҵĻ£Ҳûˡ
ѡ
Ϣ˵
Ҳңô򣡡
˵Ŷβһƣ̲סֽ⿪ƷµŦ۳֣סǰͦôеԣһˡ٣ȥԼһжżңڸΪԼˡ
***һӲ֪С˵ľĻ
ûѧʱһŮˣǺܾúܾǰˡ
޸ʣ֮ҲˣԼɷһ굽ͷؼҼΣʣʹҲڼԼȻܴ󣬵ȴģûСΨһǲʽǿӡСʲãֻܹȵļ̨
С֮ǰûʲôر뷨ϾϵŮ˶ģҲ׼һֱôȥСĵעһǿļ
ǴֱĶ˵ľٶûа취ȴԼģЩŷԼʲôҸҸıݣһߵ̵һһӡ
Լñһ˵˶ûССĻһУ˵տʼЩϡͿģǵȴԼԼϲַʽʹĥԼʱֻУݺݵؽš
ʼ£ԼһˡÿС᲻ҪԼװԼ͵͵Щ޵
СĻȴڰеһ⣬ץסЩʲô
һֱ˵˰Ļ˴û齻̸ҾŮ˻
˵һԷģСȴң˵ˣһȥء
ǸȴѸһѣҿȥ
С壬С˻һͬѧء
Сҵ˵ССظסĥҵֱۡ
еŮѽ
æʵ
ŮѽŽֱߵʯ˵ҲϲյҼҾⲻáǲãĸһ裬Ȼ˵Ҷùˡ
ɣ
Щ֣ʲôʱͬѧôûɫ
ôᣬҪСҶϳȥ軹Ͻء
СĻҲӿŲ뿴Ǻηʥ
С̣ҰСˣ
ûнԺţСѾ
ͬѧһ˳
Сѽ
ǸŮɿǰҡ
ҲŮ˼ۣӦ˵ûƯȹԲСƨɣ¶һ˫ѩȳƵСȣŽµϸ߸Ь
ҹ˿ĵһ۶뷨ŮϡΪһ˫ۣüëǳϸ˵Ů͵ģ仰˵ǱȽɧ䲻һΪǺ꾫תأҸҰٷ֮ٴƱһǴŮ
ã
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С꣬ʦʱͬѧٻسġ
æǽܵ
˻УĲôѲԶˣ
զһ˵
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ٻӦûܹʲôۣũʾԼԽмλİѻյҵͷϣҲһʶ֧֧Ӧš
С磬ҵ˺һȥسǽѧҪũѧҶ֪ԴǲǽˮˡسǶãס¥
ٻǼסƽ׵ķӣ
ũˣ̲סؿڡ
ǡҵķӡûа취ģسĵعǼҸհ·оʮƽأһ˾סʮƽæ͵
ŶǲС
ҵͷװ˵ũĵرˣеũݸȦҲʮƽء
˭ء
̴ָҡ
С꣡
סһдһ˿󣬵ȴһ˿Ц⣬óҲޣС޹˼ɵĿЦš
˼ũˣûм棬ܲǡ
ߣһʶ
ֵ¡
СŲأءСղһֱûвϻٻ˵ң̲סؿڵ
Ҳǡ
һۣЩɡ
ٰǼҴϲݻڣŵĻԿҵĻڱ
Ц˵
ʲôҲ˸ˣ
˵֮䣬ЩģûĻŵ¹ѣҸ㣬Ǵѧء
СҲǴѧ
СŲһ䡣
ٻ˿磬ͷæת˻˵Ŷ˵ˡ
һɩ˻ˣҾͽڰɩߡСͬѧһƴˡ
ʲô
߽Сʵ
뿴ǸŮ˵ɩӣСôͬѧ
ôܲˣһүǶˣǰѧУʱС硣
ɩ˵ŰѴеݵ
¹ʲôѽҸղĿ˵ũûһõġ

̾һ˵ҲǸ̥ũ壬Ȼгũġ
ɩӣ
ץּᶨ˵ģһ¹򽨵ó˶Ľģ




    095 ɩײҺ

һӻ𣬱Ͼٻô˵ҲǸˣҲ˼ѻ𷢳ɩӸɫֹ˼ΡֻӣԹлɩĽ飬һ»صʣС
ڿӣЩ죬æվʵôôͻˣ
ûʲô¿ɸɣҾͻˣʲôƬӣٿѽ
˵ɳϡ
ûʲô¶˭㲻ڼң
Թ˵

ɳ˵û뵽Ȼ
ʲô
øҺúõ㣬
Цűס˵
˭أԽԽ󵨣Ҳˣ
һҵ֣ҵԱߡ
ҲϣĴε㲻ģ硭Ҫˣ
˵ѧ
쵰
ŭĵһۣԵΪġ
һ˵٣Ҫ㡭
⡭ڡǰ죿һ
һ죬Ǿܾûô
û¡ʣڲûġ
˵ŰַҵĿϣһƬỬϸĸо־ɶ˺ܶ࣬˿ظſḧ
ĶּͻȻڰ칫е龰ʱһƵ뷨ʹһ޵ĸڵϣȻǴһ˿Ц⣬Լ
ʲô
˵أ
˵ĸС죬ģεӣҡ
ҲҪġ
վӣȻǶںڰ£ǰ죬ûôơ
ôɨˣ
ץס˫ַϱߣܴ̼ϲġ
˵ҵֳǰš
Żûйغء
˵ѰŽڡ
İɣ͹ˡҰǰ
ôɡ
׵ľͶˣ׷ȥ³һɳǰ
һĵͥԺڣԺӣ°߲Ӱûз磬һжôļžֻԶϵһֻСĽţΪʧȥϧ
ȥˣٹЩϾҪˣȴһҲо죬෴շǳҡ
ҲסץͷԼ͵һ˰
лתͷ­΢С죬ҵɽϸŪţǱ͵ĻͶӲӲĺ춹
𣿡
ҽӣͷյĶʵ
šӲסƯĸľһ˲䣬ҲһںϺеĶ֣ԼСš
Լ˫ֺû䣬°ϣſȻƵ󣬰۵ס
šովҵ˶ڻЩۣӦдżִϢ
һժңǰĹͣһд㡣
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ҵĸŪѾʼӲϵŤţֿںߵϮ
ڳһֻ֣߷ֿҲϵ˫ȣҰ޳Ĵȣ̲סضϱţĵѩ׵Ĵȸеĸˣ˼ʱп߹ȺҲ΢Щѹ֡
ҲϵʩչŸּ߳һ̲סˣګګĽС꣬ˡҡ
˵һַֻӣһֲֻͣڳץѰſԼĵĶ
Ҹ磡
Ҷ˵
ѽ
ĻѾˡ
˭
١
شõڣѾС
⧲ӶȻʧ⣬һȫſϣ磬ˤѽ
ôأ
ҵס֫ʼں߷
Ըзĳ壬ԼӲסĳҿ³лӣ̲סؿڽеǹʣĸףһƯŮˣȴҵ±߽Уúòѽشң

֧˫Ȳסشҵһд̼ϵػζе㡭Ҫ˵ˡ
ƫҪ˵Ҫһеı̬Ҫ㣬٣ҵĻظһ顭
Ǹ쵰ѽѽˡ
ȻǻӲϵŤٴγ嵽۷塣
ڿʼдϢ˸˷
ô
ұЦ˵
쵰Ժ׼ҽˣղžϹ֣ҡ
һûУҵֶ
һûеѽô졭Ҫ졭
Ц˵
쵰ôôʱ仹ûͣ׼׽Ū˼ҵʲôʱ򡭡
ץס̶ȵ˵С꣬᲻вÿζҪ
вأǡʮ֪
Цͷ
ɵһۣ¶ӣзźʲôǡʮѽ
ԺʱٸͰɡ
ұ۾ţҵĵﲻϵĴҵԼʣֻͷʶٶԽԽ죬ӵҲԽԽǿ͵ϾҪը
顱һԺŲ֪˭ƿˡѵǹʣˣĵһӦ
ӣڼ𡭡
ȷǾɩҵȴһϲѾʶҵĻƣãһȡ

һæҪ̧ͷ
̫ˣ˫ְԴ̧ȫĺ
һͣͷҰס˶ãԹԵֱŲӣγѵ̧ͷСҵؿ˵㡭㡭
ŻˣҲżֲ԰ס
Ҳ޴룬Űǰͷңϵĺ쳱ӿεվôѾͶŴһͬңԵòôǱ
£١
˫ְȻɳϿңСο˼䡣
ҲΪɩȻȻȴǺɬûзŭ
㣿
˵һߵɳ
쵰
ɩҲĺ͸ƻһ

ҵϻǲèء
㡭㡭
ɩŤŲǰȴԼͷӵˡ
㡭
ֺǳһߵǰһѰ
ǡǡ
Ѿȫˣָ֪˵ʲôãԼ·
սͿƵˣе㲻֪ԭأûģǸղȻ͵͵Ĵ˿Ҳ˼
ҲҵŮˣǶҵŮˡ
˵Ű˶§ڻУǶûӦʹ㿪˫ֱģ˻ᡣ
ʲôЦôõûܹװŮ׵˷ѵֱҪ⵽ġ
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ֻø죬һ¼л
ǡǡ
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žɩƬ࣬еĻۣȹڸţ
ܵԼ屻Ỻţϱߴɩʵ˵С꣬ͣѽ
ղ㶼ˣθˡ
Ц˵
㡭
ɩҵ촽һҧ΢и
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ҲûлɣæԼ߷ֿ㣬Ūžʧ˵
ͣ£׼ߡ

㡭
ȻͣסŲҲ֪ҵϡ
Ϊ˿쵶ն飬ѸٰѾɩɳϣֲ˿ڿķ϶

⧲һвסĽеӣ㲻ҪѽҪٿѽ
Ȼô˵Ǵȴסҵ˫ֽرסҡ
ҲͣҲǣֻɵ㶵վ
٣
Ȼŷ϶е
ɡʲô
ȻһһŲҸǰ

ץס֣ھɩǰװƣǰɫ֣ץ
׼֡һѡ
ԭͣµ˫ҵĻֿʼͷȻƫһߣҿ
ͷת۾
һѰǰ촽
ޣ
ҵĸŪѾʼеĶ۾ӿ޵⣬óԽǳڴҲ֪ڴһ䡣
οղĻ䶼ȫˣҲ΢һ£̲סؼһѾ




    096 Ů

˶һ߳ܵĪܹȵĿпԿڵ˼һΪȥʵѾɿ֣ȻţϿҵ֮£ʵظо忪ʼǷ֫վһ㣬ҵĺϡ
ȻĿǰҪٶԾɩ§žɩϰȫѹϣͬʱС졣
š
Ұ촽ӣСϣͷֱӽ̴УòţģӲԽԽħһԾ֮⣬ҲʼסھɩǰšҿøӴ̼ҽͷĲ࣬ĲӣĲһУȻ̲סҵ̼Ӵϵȡ
ӣҪѽɩţʼʡǵǰлɩʼ϶ҪˣҲ۸ҡ
΢΢һæɿ֣ǽӴҵ̹ԹԵ¿ʼ
͵뵽ʲô̶Ѿɩɳϱں壬Ȼ塣ηѿӲסسţګګ˵ŲҪȻ뿪Ϊɩֱˤڵء
ֻ㿿ϣǸոսġַһĹͻȻھɩϮ⧲һͷ¡
˿ⰻȻγ˵ľٶסˣ֪ǺãȴǷӳĻᡣ
ھɩ޵Ĵ£ڵĸңܾúȱһʲôһϣȫźá
ѽѽˡ
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ոϢһӵʱȴ±ѹӵ£Աû˿㡣

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һ̴ذһֱǶûҲŰ֣Ů§ҵĻУǵĿĵĸŪţ֮׵İ
ǶۿԷղŵ̫ˣһȴƫƫˡεĳ˵ǵ߸Եģȫı֪
Ȼָĵһ飬ǼѵֱӣԼ·ϡ
áͻȻڡ
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ۡ
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ҷԼĺܿ죬ӽӴɩһ̿ʼҷٵĳȻ
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ȻҰ㵱ҵŮˣôҾҪȥеһУҲ飬֪ȻЩɣһ֤ǿá
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ôͿʼˣ
ЦЦ˵İɣղŲǸ˵ǡʮӾûµģзִ硣
һӣ֪ﷺһƵͷеʱԼҲƣôͷôȻðĪԼǸɫ
û뵽ٻһ³ס˼죬Ĵתƣʵ³ɽ⣬ûжپ£ЩҲæùѪͷһ춼д棬۵ֱСгɾ͸УϾ⻹ҵһء




    097 

ɩӡ̸˰·ʱũصĲ⣬;ȥһ±ߣͷȴһſϣддһխţп㣬ΪǶȵ⣬Ȼ°ڰƨɸסˣǱţж̿ýβȻسҵǰһԲ¡ҶʱеٵĳѪͣЩһֱæŹ·飬һûкˡ
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ȻǸѽ
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֣ɩϾͻղȥҽ峤ȥˡ
ǹưҲز§֫ĳϻ·סķ󣬽ӴǷݹ⻬Ҷʱе
ֺʲôءһдأλѽ
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Ҳҵô򡭡
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С꣬ҪŻûйءš
֪ʲôҲЩûкһԸҵѾʼСꡭŹϡ
֣ͣŹغã´ѹϣһѩ׵ľһ߽ǰŦȫ⿪ԽԽˡ
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ǰһֱ㲻Ϊʲôô׶ãҺ鷢˼ƢϿɣҺɩӵҲˡ
ҲŷִŮ˵һεԭÿŮ˶ԼĵһرݡΪŶرá
˵ָǸ棬ƽʱֵģײңʵͦҵģֻҪɫһԣ̾ס졣
һ˵ҲǳֻҪԭϷңҶֺǺǵĽܣɩӳ˵˶죬֪˭۸˭ʵǬ
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˰죬û˵ڣһߵǰѴ򿪣ȻʱŴҲ˻ɵġ
ʵҲûпǹһȥϵĵҲᣬ¹ÿ춼дСС飬ûһɿǲеġ
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ҲŲءԼûѽȻô˵ţǻǹԹԵİ·Ȼҵһš˵˰ɣү
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ҺǸϸŮһ𡭡
ҶʱЫסһϴνлᣬ͵飬Ů񹢹ڻûиҹɫŪԼҲͦûȤģҲмַС
˼ҲŲءЦŽ͵˵ˣñ˸ȥһأһ͵ô죿
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ǸɽϵȾʯɰʯʯлɩں߲Եǵģͬǿ־˼ܹ⸽ɽȫǱʲôҲûп

ЩȻĿιң־Ϊѵǰˣ
ιҿһ˵ţҺСоˣ︽ɽʯḻһʯӹĻзչǰ
Щʯͷóȥ𣿡
ҺǻɣɰʯȾʯǼͨʯͷûжĿɼֵ
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İɣ˴ʣʯ϶ѷռһĿռ⣬ĸû顣
Ǿͺá
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ŮԽԽɧҿһ𣬽ҹе˲ࡣ
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æƴǡ
ĸ˰죬Ǿ޵Ľ峤һȥسǡ




    098 ɩ

û뵽ոջص¹ڵʱҪ³ȥһһֱæµţǸͬѧԭûеɩӼȥʡҲûеദʱкüÿΰ칫жˣҸ޴졣
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ҹɫҴӹʣ˳ڴһĸоʱϵסڼпӣԽֵҲûС
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    099 ŮС

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ŽսһɽݣĻڿֵһߣͿԿ˸ĵƹ⣬ڻûеò͸߷ڴֻ˼ʳͣһһˮƬҰѲ׵ݸ㣬йѱ
ֻ֪˸˿ո˵ʲôҲҼӡ
Ϊ٣ʮӣһСѾĸ룬ǺָܿǶ
æеԱ˴ˡ
ûʱһʦģ˴Ӻ˳һƿ𱬺ͼһԱߵǸǰλֵôƺ
ҽС꣬ǣ
˽һۣҲҡҡͷȻҲʶ
ҵϰﰮλǡ
˽Բ׼ýʲô
ͬ£ʲô¶𣿡
ֵʵ
лģлл衣
¶һȭ
衭
ǸԺˣ֪λϰˡ
ŶﰮԼԴæָʰӵλ̫̫˵ǰץסǸİɣ
ôɡ
ҿ̫̫ŻȻѹô졣
ţҶ֪ôлǣƽȥ˵ģæ߲ȥһ˭ֳ֪顭Ĳ˵ﰮȻسǻòôλʲôֻҪܰæԲƴǣҾһ
˵ŸϾơ
Ȼ磬ﰮȷ飬Ҳûƴǣһ˼ƣͷԽڵԽԽ࣬ͳһǣֽȥˡ˵ʱ˵ʲôҲҪǵǮһĶ´
𱬸տʼһ¶ûУ·ϱһ˾µġпã·ƵĹӳ沿ָƵѩ׼һ޵ѹǳ˵Ͽ׳ʿ¹ˡʵĸоͷһĪ
ţͻȻһ򣬰⵽·һˮľǣҲˤڵء
Сһ㡭
æҲ𣺡ղźôƸʲô˰ɣ
ұԴǳѣôһ˵һԿʼװһ˵֡ûֻе˵ʱҹͷᣬѾζ硣
˵ûءæץңٴˤ
װһǱȽֵģһ·Ͽڽϣ˱˵ζȺķԭеȴ߷֡
ԣûŰҳдƽС
ſҡһƾҺˣ㡭
˵͵һȫѹϣһͬĴϡ




    103 ˵

ҵԴպÿǰϣ·ҸܵһԲȣ̲סͷ˲䣬ȻװԺ˵ˮҪˮ
ڸеԵĸĦ
崥ƵĴ䣬΢΢Ĵҵ壺ιѽҸ㵹ˮҪѽ
ʹһѣҷڴϣȻɿڴ΢΢Ĵ
ƽ͵͵ҼۣûзӦŶӣѽϵЬӣȻϣԤȲߣ˵⡣ԭҲһѽвɵһ̾ҲʹҽƼȥ
ˮ
Ȼץס֣еĺ
ȵȣϾ͸㵹
æԼֳ룬ȻһԱӸҴһˮ˵ǰеСꡭˮ
ˮ
ֻһڣģģĿһۣС硭ιҡ
ڴǰһʱ˷ӦΪǻû׽ֵز
㡭ҿˡ
ٴڴڣѱȫڿ
ҲαֻðˮԱߵϣַҡʮϣҹͷƫľ΢΢ĴŴ̼ĸй١
һȴûҵͷƿҴܼӲɵĻĥţȻһ㱡ĳ£Ȼܹо׵ôеԣҲĸоһȵ¡
Сꡭˮ
СĶˮҵ͡
ÿ
ſʵ۾ֲݵǰš
ٴһæˮƵһԵңϢƽ
ϲ㡭С硭
Ҳûзֶֻ֣§ס壬ڻԲķϣϱ߱еá
СꡭѣҲС硭
ʼżֲסңҵ
ȴװȥͷʹǰĥ̼Ľͦ㲻С磬˭ѽɩ𣿡
ͣסˣ϶ȻĹԡȻ֪ҿеɩӲָ࣬Ů˶кϲ̽˵˽Ҳˣ仰ʱĵһӦ϶Ǽȥ
ɩӡҲϲѽ
§ŽδӦ׷ϮӨϸ۲ӣ˱ϱߵζ
С꣬ѡҲɩѽ㡭
æְס岻ס
Ǹ
˵仰ʵأ׽ס廬ͦѩס
Ȼек˰֣˳촽ѹĺ촽̺촽ȻǵţԸнסţ顱һ£ٴεڴϡ
ʧʧڲ֣µѹͻᡰˮһաæӱȥ˫ְڴߣʹ޷룬ſŽ
ڴϣղųťѾɢɫ˿ıԵ¶Ϊ͸¶һĹ֡΢һŤѩ׼¶ǵšʱһٵıŷ
۾Ҳֱң۹ţ͸ʲôƵġһͷȻһһĿ
ûк𣿡
ҵ촽ֻмʱͻȻڡ
ҵӶʱͣסˣһʱȥ֪﷢ҵвɵʵô֪ģ
һ˵
˲仯ղŵ뻻ᣬܹоľȻ
һͨŮˣһֱôΪģΪԼղŵѾѹȵǽӴҾȻЩԼ޳ܡ
дһ˿Ū̶˫ƿңֱ
ʼҶΪȨȫ˽
Ǹ쵰ͷҲصſڣһĻ˵һҶǵġ
ɩӣҸղװʱ֮鶼ˣýôߡ̷Ӧ±ˮأһץסŵĽ
ʲô
ĻûкѾҿסӣһ߹š°ӵϣѹȥһŮԼͷϣ֪ýܵһͷôԺѰġ
Ҫʲô
Ӵҵʼһ˿ţ̶вҪҪˣ
㺰ɡ
ҶҺ˭ղҽģǿ϶Ϊһġ
ô
ſڣȻ侲ʵ
ղҺɩӵˣ˵ǲӦɱѽ
ҳŵĿ
ҡ˵ȥġ
һƬͨ죬ͷת˹ȥҿҡ
Ϊһ𣿡
ҴЦⷴʡ
㡭ô
ô
ҵĶѾ˻ش˫̶ֹļ򣬵ͷ˱ľ
å
סڴŤţͷת˹
̸ȥųȵĺ촽ҵķɿأֻܹƣɵǰҧťۣϱһƬƬˮ
ʵ̫ˣ⻬޳񾱣ŭǳۺɫϸۼָơ
ҲϵŰţķ촽±任״Ӻ䷢һԿƵ̵ĺ߽Уֱ۵ʼ
óڽоҵĶ֪ǸֹһҪҼȥϢܹѾ˺˾֮߾ͻᶸȻͣҲˡ
Ǻ͵µļҪȥìܵҲĶֳ
Сꡭ㲻Ҫ𡭡ˡ
崫˿ʣΪҵķ²һ㣬Ҳܲˣæڵ
Ұ㡭
ҵ¸Өϸ塣
ҲС
Ŀϸоκε
һ⣬ɿ֣Ȼûƶ˳ƼȥһȥߵİΧ
ڽţȹӵָ²ȥ˫һѹȹƵϡ
˶ڸǵչ¶ǰȵչ¶ţ֬ݷ͸žӨ͹ԡϸŶ˵߿ȥӯĴнˣޱߵ
ԲּȥҲʼѵԼȻһŽʱŷֲ֪ʲôʱѾ棬˫ץڱϣѵɫıһš
㲻Ը𣿡
̾һͣӣҸղŵ˼ȻǿһŮܸоʤ֮䣬֪Һɩӵôأ˵ȥ˭أǺ׽Ů
ŽҲ˵ڣϾҪǵĶ̫ˡ
뵽һڴϣĬĬؿ
ԲҹԼһء
ȻɫҲǸҡ
ʲô
ҵԺһףѵ˵ǶһӡûУ־֣תͷ
Ȼͷҿңګګ˵СꡭǡġСҡ
֪ˣûµġ
˵ǲϣܹʱ飬ʲôԭҽ൱ʧܡ
ǣ˵ҡҡʵҲһġҡ˰˵
㡭
ֿʼһϲ
Ϊʲôأ
§ס壬΢΢һ£ͣסȻӦǡܣҸܣĻһʱȥżȻӴ֮ʡ
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˵أ
һƱӣȫ¶
ҪҪ֡
ѵ˵仰
ģԸ⡭
ҸæҪ֪ý˵ĻǶôĲס
šеһƶˡ
޹ǵְ׾ȣɵ˾ȣʵû뵽һ˫֡
ʼͬͶͷһˬڣ̶ֺھƲʹ˿ܣܿѾԿơ
ֲؿʼСƽСţڽ˵ĺۼ
Сɬȣ˼ģʵû뵽ԼεºܣȻڶ̶̵֮˱Ī顣
ҰվӣýڴϣЩѿ˼һ£ͽˡ
ֱȵ壬ֻõһαȫ
Ȼץסͷƴǰ㡭
˽ʮ֣˼֣ϣ̱ȥ˫ϸֱü΢΢ĶţС΢΢ſ۽ǹŸղδɵһžӨ顣
ǵĻع飬һĨȥˮһ˵Բ𣡡
֪ղŵһǽҵǨͣǶҵһЭ
ԼĽᣬұ˭ĶأҲʹɩӣྐྵȻҲ֪Ϊʲô޸һɷΪӡнԶһǿƵŮˣЩʱϲǿʤѹһͷ
ӣҶȻһС




    104

ڴϣ׵űİڶţȻһ˿ζַűӣ֧
Ρ˵ı㴽ճһֻԸ˵ӣС˵زźԲԣ߱¶š
Ľë£һ˫޵۾Ÿİţҡ̺ƬƬĹɢĹʡǺ˵ı㴽ú߶ԵøӽġҼʶһͬĽȻĵ˳̶ȣĶ
㡭ˡҸûȥ˯ˡ
Ļм£˵æӹס壬ʼߴ·
𡭡
һѶĳӵϣȻסӣԼҲȥ˵ô
һɣæһ䣺һұַ֤㡣
š˵ͷҵĻУžнͿܣҵ壬ҿ̫
ղŵ˶ļ㺹죬ɢһĪζһץס֣ҵĻʵ
ൽôô£
û뵽ȻǽȿڣĻû˵ѾͨһƬ
֪𣿡
ֶ˶ҵĻɵĸһ㡣
Ҫǡ˵ˣֻʡ
˵ʣȴڴĿҡ
ĸţʼҵǳϸҶûʡԵ
ûæֹ˵㲻Ҫٽˡ֪ˣأ׼ô죿
Ͷӣҵ͵͵ĸĴȣϱһ£֪ɩӵ顭
ô
һĵһӦǲ˼飬ҳ֮ʣİƵϣĴŪš
Ҫ𡭡
ķӦͦץסҵħƣ˳ĻŰζղŴӦҵġ
ðɡҷסͣ¸ҺɩԼ֮ĵεΡ
һûѣ͹ԹԵţٷ
컨ϵĵݷ˿Ժȴ
ǲǡ´ꣿ
ͻȻʵлһ˿Īм俴˼Э
Ҳ֪ʱǽʱ⼸ĽӴѾķɶϽֺһЩƣ಻ӦĻϺ
ҵĮȻִҵħǰڷϣסĥҵֱ
Ҵӳ˼оѣȻ׷ʲô飬ǽת仹Ҹеһ˿ϲ⣬ر˫ۣһƬ졣
ҲӦģôôҪͣ£ҪԽԽߵͨ죬ñӵϢ
ҡһͷȴħһƺԼһнȥܹܵģֻȵѴＫ㣬ķĴ̼ҲԽԽߣҪըһ㡣
Ҳ֪н˽սͻȻɫٴԳɫ´겻Ҫһ̲סģҲԲС
ҵҲһѽСҵҵĴЩˡ
سȾǳأոһ㣬ҾͱֵϺ¡¡ĳѣ˼ӣһϷ顣˯˼˿̺ȥһ鲪Ů
ᶯ˶ֱۣ۾̶ֱϣٴ۾ôģѾߺ׼׼ʱס졣ûкֻ˸׽͸Ŀ⣬ȥΣȵľƲ࣬˺׻ϵ顣
һϵĶнѳ˯е־ȻֱʰʶҵһҽУ峿Ļٵİ·á
ϴˢϵľգԸף۾ҲģȥЩ̬Ӧû˯õԵʡ촽ϵĺӲ絹Ǹïʢˡ
ԼȥʱԥƴǵʳҲ˵˾лл͹ԼķţһҲûдӷ
ҲԸڱţһŽֵʼֵϵģʵڿʲôľһսǴԱͷ壬ΧΧ˼˹ۿҲûʲô£Ҿʹǰȥ
׻˵úã岻ӣȻΧȺûᵽôһ˼ָţм仹ͷţһһţʵܹ֮б̬ȷʵסҵǴСŰְѧģҰֿݵùǾġԿҵҲ൱ģҰд裬һѾܺͰְִƽˣȻΪνûѧˡҵ۹⻹ڣóͷˮƽܸߡоѽУʦҲ뵽иӦĳͷȥ
ʱһСԴ˽굽ҵĸǰֱĿм̡СһѵҲȤҺشǰСк·𿴵СʱңǸʱֻҪҰĺԺ̣ܹһ졣
ģȥˣ
ʱߴһŮ˵
裬ڿء
Сӻͷһ仰Ȼֶ̡
ʲôؼңȻְҪˡ
Ů˵סСӵ·ק˳ȥ
ҵȥЯһ磬ҵıһŤͷŮˣϧֻһӰ
Ů˺ɩӵͷһۺɫñһذ׳ϸ֫һɫʶȹɫȹ»ԲСƨһĻߣ޳ȳƵ˫ûд˿࣬׾Ĵȹš¶ƤĽף볤ȫͬġһ˫ɫƤЬС磬һĽϢȫ
˿Скֳ·ȥҲɵðз̾һˮһˡ
ͻȻоͻ֣ʶתͷֲԶһ̨ẓ́ͻͻĳ·ڳӶŤεģһͷʧصҰţ
ٸʱȴɿԼ֣Ǹкͷ·мۿӣȫûע⵽Σյٽ
Ǹٸߵ·Ҳعͷһɷ׵Լĺӡ
Сģ
źһֻվ·ߣȻ˰ѺǸСӿͻǲ֪룬һվ·м䣬ŵôġ

ϵ˾ʱѹæỵ̂һشš
ҿľսæ첽ȥһѱסǸк˭Ͻһ˹µ·ߣҵĺصײˮϡ
ꡭ
ںڵŨ͵һܣ·ߵеббĳ̯ȥҿ˾ķ̴ļʱײڻϡѵ죬ѻײ÷顭
Сģˡ
ʱǸٸڷӳеİһӣѾ˹һ§סСӣϹỨ޽š
ҵԴģоԼĺ۵ģӸղΪԣĲᡣ
ʱȺΧһʱ۷׷ףС浨󣬸ղžȻҳȥ
طҲһˣ˾壬˵˳߽鼸ˣװһ̵ƣ쵼ǲͬ⡭
ҵŷӦһ½ûʲô󰭣վӣϵĻҳǸٸ˼ȫںϣҲû⣬ת׼ȥ
ͬ־
û뵽æסҵĿӣллˣûʲô°ɣ㵽ҽԺ




    105

û£ûµġ
һ˻ֱۣʱŷֺˣӦǸղŰСӻײġ
ȫƽע⵽ԼֱҲֲڵˮػһƤϱ߻Ѫ˿۵ֱһȫۣҲĻġ
ͬ־һҪȥҽԺҪղţġ
ٸ˵ȻһµӣӸղŵҲᡣ
˵ţͻȻֿʼû뵽ڸղŴûעʱǸ˾ѾˣȻ͵һҵͻͻ³ˮ··ߵһͰҲײˡ˷ӦѾԶûа취׷ˡ
ðɡŮ˾ߵζһӦ
ҽԺҲԶҺܿ͵ˣҽԺȵĶżŶӿģٸӶûţֱӰ쵽ҽҡ
һʮĸŮͷ׷ݵģź۾ȥоӡʵǶӣΪʹľ࣬ҽãҲ⡣ҽٸԵ÷ǳ飬æǵ裬Ϊ顣
һ㶼ᣬֱֻо첲ۣȴȫ顣
˰죬ͷϰϺſ˵˵ûʲôصģϵ˿ƽʱҪעһ£ҪȾסղ˵ϥ±ľУпˣ㿴
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æҡҡͷ˵һ¶Ҫ죬²סԺҪҿҩˡ
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ڲϴʱһŮʿ˽ǰһһͷںƮݵĳһβںߣԵʮ;񣬷ĽëԲԲ峺ϸСҽεʮֵλ
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ʱ¹飬ЩЦԩ·խ
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ҵĿͣϵʱ򣬵һۿڵô۾ʵҪΪղǾˣҲøҩءҸҵ롣
˵һץסҵ֣ԴȵĿҲĦҵĴȡҵĴȽ޳ȣмȻһ㱡ĿӣȴȻܸܵĹ⻬塣
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ղһåҾͲˣӾӢ۱ɵϷʿåˣҿ˼ɲûнгڡһСʱٻ̽ͷԶԶġ
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ȴһ˿У·ɵȤζٻŭӣܾһֳɾ͸УŮǰҵŰȥ
һҶģ·һ㣬ֱ۵ʹȴʾһġ
Ҳ֪Уıˣӵ¹һ쿪ʼ·һֻңָŷһ·ȥ
ֻоָ֪оڤڤ⣬絶ʦԶ֮ǰ˵ĻҼʼղʲô˼
ֻظоҶ¹ԽԽ˽⣬ڵҲԽԽǿңԼԸое뷨ڲסظı䣬·һֶħһ㣬˼άһֱǵıԵҵȴԽԽ
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Բ԰׵ͻȻ˼Լһħһ걻ʴĶħ

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鲻Ȼ˳ȥǸоЩ֣ȴҲûж룬ݲݵϴˢϺڴ˯
һжһΣҲٻŮ˵ԸɣҰοԺسǿŵĵطˣϾΪ·Ҫسܣ뵽һŮˣ˯
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    110

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ͻȻҾΪҵԺоȻһ⣬Ϊ췴ɱͷĴ󺺹
ĺܱʹضԼԴ˼ƣôǳԵǰûϵʷϴ󺺹÷ҵ٣ֹҵӹøݣ֮ʢʱִɡӹϸ塢˼Ρ
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    112

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    113

Ů˸һҹõ壬컹ۣȴɢӣǻһۣеһ˿Ͳ⡣
ǵɻܿ˽ͣϼͷϵСߵǰƤЬ¹صţҴȥ
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    114

֪ٻ˵ʲôȻСϼղŹѵӿôȻǵĻ
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    126

ȻλĽΪ˵ͷֵø߱ˣĿ·Ǹѧǵһ֪ġ
ѽû뵽˾Ȼ״Ԫɹĺˣ֪ǸҵΪ˰ԼȾ죬ֵ鳣зοովսңǳȱеĵطһ˶ûУλԼҲû뵽һľԶĲ˰ɡ
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    128

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ҳԳԵЦšһ˵ʵȻҰҵٻ
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    129

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Ϊǵó´˵Լʧǣ磬ûмӰӣſٻԼȴ˿ڣϾԼʲôϵǡ
Ҫ˵ȵ˼˿е׽͸˽ٻ˼֪ٻѺ·һԶԴ˵ųãΪٻһˣͻֵģԼʱٹͳ´ĹϵҲԵѡ




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𣬲ǣ߽ڣ׽СĵĽߵĲãŷԼ·ѵŷϱŰĺۼŸеղڳϷһжʵġ
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    145

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    148

׽ܻӭı̼ұԭʼҰԣʢץԲѩ׵壬Ҳ˲Ťĥת촽ڷϡ
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аŸ߳ɢȵĽ˿̰׽ѾûĽдֻвȵĴϢ߳ȫ㺹죬ͷƵ㷢Ҳ΢΢ŵǻһ˿˵Ĵ⣬ѩϺܲϵʡ
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ôһʱ䣬оԼϵĳǵģǰԵΪԼһУ顢塢ʱѾˣεеһΣȻҪڻس֮ĿǰҪúõܡ
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    149

ʱǰȥɽε½½ϳҼ׽ҵ֮⣬ҲûпѰңǿϳ󲿷ֶװҲдȹӣϵһ˫ЬġͻȻҵ۾ֱֻһŮѯ˾һ£ϳǡб濿ǰǸеĴ۾ȥʱӣҲ⿴һۣǸŮĳúܿɰԼ160ĸͷϲֽСͣͷģǰСŮϸС۾ǳ̣ͦССķۺ촽ǳǳͿϵ۴ԵþӨˣһЦ¶׵ıݡ
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տʼ٣˲ʮӣе֪˶ܵ˹âӶĳͶ·һʿ
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۵츾ڵĳǰǶƵ鷿ͷֱҺϻù򾲵ĿŻ⡣̴Ҳ֪·˺飬Ҳסضظ԰׵ҲЩΣɬתͷŮûз֣Ҳװ֪
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Ҳˡ֪ԼǲԵģȴǿƲԼ˭ǸʮëͷСҸĶߵתӣںߡ
˵ҵǿת׽ԴĶ˶壬¸ȥ
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ڵһаʱҽ˫Ŀڰ׽ıϣ֮׵ľףֱˣſʼĳ壬׽㷢ķ۾
ǹض԰׽˵תͷ΢΢ſԴۣߵؿһۣȻͷ̶ͻȻʲôƵģæеˣҽûдҩһһǿô죿
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ڵĻһζӰǰ¶ѩ̵ͦķΣȣһԱԲнһһڣһҺܿ;Щڸ˫ҲЩѣΡ˫Ȳ濪ܴĴȸһࡣŮڲдЩУŮָʼҪˣֻתһ㣬˵ƨͦܵ׷ѰǿҵĿкʹ̼
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š
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Ȼת̴һʧı۾ҿңٴڸסԼĳ㲿λȴٹΪ·ĿѾҳԺٴθأƿֵڵҰѹǽϣ˱ȥסǷּ͡Ӵͼҵͷ­һռ̵Ĵԣ߽־ѾӿҪֿǺ͵Ҫ̵ֿСƾңＱٵؽţ𡭡𡭡´ꡭſҡ
Ʒζ³ѣҲסݶҧһ̵ֻ֮们šٵشϢţӣڵѣ´꣬ˡҿˡ
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˸߳ɲϵвסϮԺֻޱȣһɳɬ͸Уеѣ֫ٺĴӹͷڷס֣
˫Ƚļס˵֣Ҳ˵
ýĿӨѩȾһƬ糺죬ͷƵں㷢Ҳϻһ˿˿˵Ĵ⡣
ԼȻ߳ˣȫʧȥԼȻһϿĻʵÿŮ˶ǿԴ³ǿʹе߳ҲǰΪǺ˵˵а˵ȴ̵仰ȷǰַʱԼһħ֪Լʲô
˿İ뿿˵ĻУ˳ӵǣԼָţʶӴʲôʱѾˣǿӲ֣߰ζԶ
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ͨһƬ˵仰;Լ·仰ǴĿ˵һ
Ȼû˫̶ֹ֫ܵķǽڣһӭ˵ĵ

ͻ֣ʱ䣬񵶸һĻʹʹֱҡͷȱܵ͵׼һεһ԰Ĺ⾰
ҲоͲͷյĶʵǲۣ
㡭Сҿңε̺죬ͷżϸϸĺ顣
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βҺʩչ籩꣬ݺݵĥ츾
νԼͣǿŲһһԼСʮںŰĴ̼Ҳ쳣ҵġŻ㺹ʼϸµ͸СҺˣѽ˼Ҵһĸ˵ˣ
оԼ˿Ѿȫûϣ鲻Խ˵һЩԼĻͬʱ𽥵ĺֻ첲֧壬Ͼǳ԰ŮˣܿӦ¶ȣƴİͷŤʴĿУϯ̶̵꣬ɲǼ䣬ѾСӭתл
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ŶźţҡδδܹĿ֡
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ҶĻҲû˸ղŵްţɲͣ¶ӭҵĶ߻µļڵѾˡ
ӣ٬ĿЦ˵ĺ⣬벻ƽʱׯޱȵ̽ôԣС
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ҪסڣҲҪ
ڷҲ΢΢ǽ»ζӰѪɫʣȻͬʱҲͿ־塣
ҷǽвɡ̡ҵĺ̡
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̡
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޳ܡ
ҡͷ¶象ŭɫȴŤţű˴˵˵Ŀʹɢ
쵰Ҳˡ
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ҪҪøδܹãû뵽Ů֮ӴʹںڵͬʱȴҲ֪ԼѾУ¾Ժ쵰ǿԼҲûܾˡŮ֮ԲɶԣѹϵŮ˲һе׷
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ĵɿ׽壬Ȼŵߵԣʣµ֦ȫϱߣһͿʼ
ŷһ£ҲŴܵĻڿĲУڲŷ־һҹı꣬ǰƽѾһСˮӵſڣȥĻھҪˮˡ
ԶȥɵһƬ֮һƬ谵ԶĸɽľУƣ·Ҫһѹ֡Ϣ޷ܡ
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̾һϯϣǰĻ緢Ļ˵ɽϵľԮӻǣһһҹϪǣжΪѾӵУʹѰҿҲμʮĵطѰң뵽ʵţҾɽϡ
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˵һҲԼڰ׳գô֮꣬ʲôҲҲοôܹ꣬
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ӿʯϣµĿӳţ鷿ϱߣ۵鷿֣Ҳϣڿ㻹Ĺ䣬¶⻬ĴȺβԭĳҲѾɢˣ΢˫հһ۾γˮӣС΢΢һ˿ȣ˼ҵϢ
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һǰ죬̺Ͱ׽ԹǸֶ̫֮Χҵ߷ǵθԽԽСһ춼̫꣬Ҳûжθˡ־أܹܵʲôļįж˹¶ӰӣƴĽ̸֣ɢԼĴȻҲƵԭҲֻŸ˾Լǻġ
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ϵһҰʦ̵ķнǹ˫ȭϡ
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Ҳû뵽ĸŮ˻ôУֻһͿʼеʱôܹأŪ޵ķͻȻеԼһʪԭ֭ˣһͷȥ

޵з̾Ϣ·𱻻Ѩһ㣬ҲûзΪԼвλ뵽еһ˿ֵ֪ңһ˽鷳ˣԲϵðţ㡭Ҫˡ
ǻû˵꣬оеĴͻȻԼôȸһԼȫȲԾ´󵨻İָͻȻĳһ㡭
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һĴסţ޵ĽųһԵĲֻǷһߣȴδܾҼ˵ķֻͨץסӵıأ˫ȲĽģ˶·̳ϵȴƷ
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ģԭ԰ĸԼ鷿ڼԼǣûа취ɷ˵һֱǿԼ˫ֽҪ˾̲סֶ




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    175 ʿ֮䣨4

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дռǵϰߣǰһֵƤҽԺ￴˼ҲûκãһƫĴҩźȣû뵽ҩȥƤȻˣ˵ʱȴһΪص⣬ǲ֪ʲôʱʼԼܻĪķ̣ƤԽԽУֻҪ΢ܵһ̼ͻ̼һͲɶƣ˶Ʒһ㡣һʱϲɷ򣬵ɷҲΪЭʼȻ飬Ȼ˽˶û潫ȥ˻ΪԸ񲻺Ļء
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ȹбѾƮ֬Ө׵Ĵ΢΢ϣбӵĿп˿а⻬ȳƵĴ۰ϸµļۿ˿ҪסЬӣȴý±ߣѸ߸Ьߵһߣš




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ҲҿƣΪİ칫ûвֻںڰŲϲȻĵߵǰţȻϣǿŵġ
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Ҳ֪ôܹģֺҵľԼͷԼ˼·ҵĻȻûаԿԣ˵ǽżһ桭ҪҵŮѡ
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ͻȻӴ˫ֶԴ˼£ƴҵ˼˵ǿ϶뿪ģ㲻һʱ˽ңŪҵһôˣ롭һĻ
ŪúҲ˽㣬ǿͨשпĹ˶һȸںֻҪȢңȻ԰һ֮ԼյԴȫ㣬ǸɵйĲƸһġ




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ô˵ҵҲ࣬ȻҺܻģҴûŮ׵뷨㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
Ϊʲô¹򲻾ΪĹѨıôһΪʲôץסҸֻҪӦ֣Ҿ͸ԼеܣҪ֪Լ¹꣬Ȼû򿪹ĹѨǶĹѨ˽̶ȾԲܹġ
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˵Ҿ봩뿪
վס־ͻȻվסҵ֡
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ĲҪʲôֻҪ˵Ҷ㡣
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һͷŮˣЩͷۣͬʱҲպԼܲס±ߣȻҲǳô鷳£˵һ飬ҴûҪС磬ʲôҶӦ
أͲ𣿡
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Уһ;
𶯣٣úڴš
Ц˯Уķ
ˣôôŻѽҺͽ˰ʵڼûл˯ء
Ѳ߾࣬ող°ࡱȻû˵ɳз飬֪ںˣͰ§ڻУ˯ȥ
˶һɣ˯رҲ֪ʲôʱ𴲵ģԺﾲĵһҲûУ֪ɩǶȥˡҿٵİϡԹ⣬ȻһŽֵת
֪оȻתϣҲžԼЩڼҸطһ£ʹܵĻ˿ϡϡģ·߶ֱӶŲһһˮ
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һɫë£һŵſ㣬ĹڴϣԳβķ˶ҸоЩԾǰ§ס֫˶ηϣȻǿҲѽ
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ǰһڻУֵԲִָеԵķβţźɫĽŵſ㸧Ƭΰмѷ죬ǻġƵļϣˡ
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ҽ§ڻҲںӵİҰȥˣûнĲȥңҲ֪ӻ᲻øѽҰȥʱӲ˵¿ûɧ𣿡

ҵָ͵ɲŰһ£Եĸоţ㲻֪˵ѽ
̫ˡװſ˵˭֪ӻ˵ҾȻⲻˣ̫ʵˣΪˣټȥءŲأȺ˾ͷƭһŮһŮˣ
һԴ׵ӽ˵ʵأҪʵôŪֵģɩĴβɵĿ޵Ķϵˡ
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ǲҲҸɵĿ޵أһ£α׼Ҳ޵˵ҰĽŵſ㳶ָ֣ηпţȻһ㱡ĲƬһƬů
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ҵĸﲻϵŤβҵָҵĻܹÿֻסҵĲӡ
ˣ·ߣȻȥҸɣëͷʹȥˡ
ĽˮһһţͻĽŵſȲסĦҵ±ߣղŻʵСܵҲڵһվĴȸײһʼأҵͷ룬ֱܿ㱻ݣҵͷֱĿУҵͷѸٵĽһ˱ŶԷ
С꣬ˡϢ§ҵ˵
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ұëֱõıϴ·ܸܵԷƵġ
˵ء̧ͷ޺޵ؿң϶룬뱻Ūÿ޵ſģ˰ɣ
ǲҰɣɣ
˵ԼӵѻͷųȻ֣ǻȵĹϡ

һͺȻѸٳܿ˿ֻԶ˴Ӵ·Ա˹н׵ġ
쵰ᱻ㺦ģ
˵ԹԵŪţֱǰˡ
ԸⱻҺ𣿡
˵ŽֲǿڣָĹߣĲȥ˼£ѾʪˣЩˮ˳Ź⻬Ĵ˽ŵſϣҿŵſǺɫģϸҲֻܹһƬˮաְɣˡ
˵߽˼֣ѾܹǵĴˡ
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ŶС쵰ѽӵӶѽ
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ҵ£鷿仯ɸ״ǿҵĴ̼ʹ˷ܵСֽҵĻȽԽԽŪţСвʱ´꣬ұѣ̫˿ˡҲĽŵſ㳹׵Сȶϣ˫ȸϤĹ¶ǰ·＾ʢīһ㣬͸ɫѹĽţͷڻĴȸһ£

ǿҵĴ̼̲סһ۾һۣɬޱȵıȸסĶţһɴҺ˳
ҵͷϵĴȸŰţ·Ȫˮһ㣬ԽԽ࣬˳ŴȸڽɫİҶϣԵøҡ
С쵰ˡ
岻סڰȸ˶ϲš
ӣ±ˮˡҪϽѽ
ҵƵ棬һѻ壬ȻĿС
ҵָһ飬ŽߵңС쵰Ǻ˵˵˭ˮ˰㺦ġšСӡ
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Ů֮ʱĻҲǱزٵģοһԼĿ˲͵ĳɾ͸кĿС
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Ϲ
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ţҵͷմ˰Ҷӣġ
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տʼĽţȫҰ⣬ȻѹǻＱ˼ҿ·ԶȻ¶Ѿʴǵ˽ˣ




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ĽǰԾôĽܣĽȼ˴̼СҽͦξӨ׽вͣش࣬򲻶ϵ˱ͷ
ԽԽĿпʼۼ˫֮䣬Դסҵһζţڰȸ˶صĹţƨǰͦúҡҲץ𣬸ɵðȸ˶֨֨ѽѽšϹӲˡӵҪˡҪˡϹҪˡ
ͻȻƨ͵ͦȽҵϣڰ˫εıסҵͷָĿĵţСţӿڽҺֹˡ
ҵĴȸ©һ˿϶Ϊܸ߳ĿУһ§ع
ʶһû㣬һֻ쵽¸һȻͻأĻȣĵİһۣСѽ
˵İѴȲ㹴סҵƨɣ̧ͷĿҡ
ȻղŲ˵ˡҪӿ޵ء
ұס֫ͬʳһѹȥһٵͦŹҪµ˺ƵġͻȻϮҶе㲻̫Ӧһ˫ֲϵԱߵİȸץţвס˽ţϹӡҪˡҪˡһ㡭
Ѿﵽһθ߳ʪĺˮ϶һ㽿죬žҵײϵʪͷɽšǰԭĻΪ˷ܶͻ𣬽ĴŮ˵鷿ϣɫҲԭȵķɫɫ
ʱȴȻ·ߴæͷն϶⿴ʱһԭ֪ʲôʱϼѾ˹·
ȻҵµţһֹסĴӣСð˳æס˵ӣϽˡ

ҲæӰȸʧŽŵſ㳯·ϿֻһһŮĳɫǳţҲûע⵽ǾǲʮԶ

Žŵſ㣬ʹһѣһͬڰȸ˶ѺĲݵϡΪ԰ȸ˶ǡһն⣬˼мѱ֡
ҸʲôҪǴϼ˿ҿɶˡ
һӲԶȻӣǹҲܹоһŮˡ
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һ׳ǻն洫
ɣҺһۣ˷ܵĶһанɺϣȻ¶͸նСķ϶еעŵǱ߷顣Ѿôˡ㼱á
Ů˽ĵҵĶ䣬ȥЩϲʱӰڳҵУֻǸŮҲǶʮӣȻǺƯǴǳΣҲؿڿúܵͣ¶ذ۵ӣǰ·ŵĹĹĵģԼԼɼԲԲ̵ĴƨγһĻߣķϴÿһλɢ˵ĿУһһţӶȫԿǶôļʡ
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ǸԵĵİŮƵնϣֿʼĿӡ
ѽʮأô졭
ǸŮĲסֱԹš
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ǸеѾĿˣѾʧʱ˳ȵڲһֱ˫Ȼϼе֮ﰴ
Ҳ͸϶ڱ˵βǸŮ˵βԷʴ΢΢ڿԵڷβӡ˵ĺۼ
ޡ϶Ӳûôأȥôʱ䣬ûиҼĹһǮ֪϶ô֣ôġ
ǸŮг˷߷߲ƽƺʹ±ץһΡ
ϱ㵹ѽ
Ǹ˶ʱһ±ߡ
ҺСĿռУһۣľ㵣ǸеľȻŮ˵ĹǹζϱĻҡ
Ҿͺһ㣬Ȼ϶۸ҡ
ǸŮȻһԹȴ
úãҲ۸˰ɣҪʲôҶ򡭡
˰ƨɺ棬ֽΰֿȻϱһ˵ϱҾϲİƨɣǴĶһݡ
Ŭ۾ӷ϶пݣȴסĿ⣬СյҵĶ˵׼
ҾЩЦû뵽ȻʱԴס
ȥģϸĨһΪҲ֪ɩҲô˵ġ
ǸŮĻǳǲ鲻ǲ濪ȣԼָš
ϱȻԴˡȥҪǼĳ´׺һ̳ӲɡɩǸĸҶҳհҹ͵͵ﵽϡ˭֪ȻڱһѲ˵Ҫҡ˵ҸҶ𣿡
˵ָסĴȸͣߴߴ졣
ϲġʲô˼ɩĴ˼ҴѽҾô㣬Ҽ޵ǼҵʱҲǻƻŮҪǸֻһĶӲҲŲ쵰óء
Ů˵岻סķͷ­ԲԲİ鷿͸˵Ĺ۹ϣסǰεš
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Ӵӣæġ
ҲŲĹʲôаֵأϴ˵ð˼ȡ˼׵Ū˰졭ûһ˸ɻ졭
Ů˺ŭ˵ţֳǽϣͷΪһܲȫĵطܵ͡š㡭
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ǸеĲû̷ǰִɼϸϸĸһӣֻǳֹš
㵽ҪҪѽŪ˼ġ
Ůתͷţϴ޵ķ飬ץʱ䣬ֲǲ֪ǴĸϼľͻˣҪ·ͣ·ʲôĿ϶ܹײ
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ӣҲŸɰɡ
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ȻƵļн˴ȣŵĳ߿ţ¾˲Զź͵Ķˡ
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ǲưոݵġûָĴȸţղžʹŵԽԽʪ
϶óһΡ˴ӱűסŮ˵ƨɿʼĳͣǸŮ˿Ľţ⼸ؼҲҡɩϹҪЬأҪǿʲô쳣ҿûٻˡ
֪ˡܲסˡ
˱Ů˵ƨɽļӿ˳͵ٶȣҲ۵÷ϻţ졣
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ǸŮ˵·𱩷ҡСϵŷƮҡ˶ǷĽ֣Ҳѡ
š
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ŭĵһۣߺͬһ㣬С쵰ͻ֡
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ҶʱеЩ˼飬ԭΪܹ϶ϱͷһǳ˭֪һпõ˶ѣȻܹôεһСϱʰķģǽ˻ɡ
ˡ
ǸŮȴҲϢŽЦ
ȻȻôιɧҿǱδѽˣһ£ҵ·ϸڡ
˵ϿӣƵĳȻɿ·
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һȵĿ࣬һ߹۲޼Ⱦȵı飬Ļϯصĳп츾˿¶ӣԹԵԼ·κ˵ǼݼϷ
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裬Ҳǵģôôֳ֣ϣҿңҪǱҲŪ𣬷˿ô죿´ԶˣСűԹ
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ıзһ̴ٵĵͺƵסյ÷̵Ҳ¶һֵϢͷ˿ɢסİӱȴʶֽϵͷʹ߶˵ɫȫ¶
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ֻʵʵ˵ѣ֪ΪʲôҪͬҺͳ¶ˣ˵˵Ҫǲǡ




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Ѿͷ˵ЩʲôôˣҲߣǲִ򣿡
ŷ㷢ɢǰԺһ˫ɢĵɫҲ鷿ץסҵϸϸشϢ˵ѽ̰Ĳ㣬ôôѽ
ӱΪһ仰˵أһƨһЩǿʤ˵裬û˵ôˣղֲûмͳ塭ղŻǿڿĽšֵܣ̫ˣĹͷҪɢˣԺӱ˲ʰ㡯ιšѽѵ˵ˡ
΢΢С˵ü΢΢ţһ˿ӡ
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ŷһڣ续üĿһ˿İԹʾĲôƽҲܵԼӴԺŮǰôˡ
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ˣˡӱߣСҵӣԼǰһסҵ죬һ˸֣΢΢СԲԲģװ׵ģұܵ˱ϱߵζһδµĴӣŸոʮ꣬鷿ۣ̲סָץסͷ۵Ļ
ÿֱЦͷסҵĻҶ˫ŰѱҲߵֱ࣬һֶסҵ첻һ߿неҪˣˣ壬ˡҪŷŮʿһɡ
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ҵĺʱŷЩȥˣЦѾͷǹİɣôĹһ㶼֪ߣҶ졣촩·ȥסô죿

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