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ɫɫTXTѧռhttp://www.sexinsex.net/forum/forumdisplay.php?fid=402С˵ӭѹĶ¡졢ɫƷɫɫTXTѧ

ݼ飺

˫ıYYС˵кܶ࣬ƴʦһѰؼǡıȴǺܶࡣ
ѰؼǡжŮӲûкõĹޣǺձʼΪʲôһҪΪܳΪһʾ
ıѰؼǣҵĻ룬ҲʵһõΡ
ңѰأһоڡңѰش
YYС˵ϲ


001 ̫

һеɽɽϵһλúܺãһ˸ᷢʱֻһԼ20һʱеװ΢ĺڷе鷢ңȴ˧Ʈݵĸоֻȴƽúܣ㵽ϾץһѣֻһָоӦóϡ
ֻ߽󣬾ʹеͷһˣ
һһװƵ۵˳ȴһԵü䲻ײࡣֻͷԵòϣĵСӣûˣȥô
˾ֱߵˮԣˮϴ˰ȻֻһĨתʱƽѾˣȡ֮һӢӣȴֲ˾С͸֮ʱȫ˵Ķʡ
˾ңҽһ£˽г裬20ˣСǸ¶˵ǺСʱͱͷ𵽣Ȼ͸ҳʵͷʵϵʦͽֻһƺΪͷҲСӡ
ˡˣ治Ҫʱݳ
һΪãƾټСʱʲôѧȴȰѵħ󷨺ʹȺѧˣǻһȺŮˡѧһһа㾹Ȼ໥ںϣﵽľ磬Сʻʲôȱߴˣ
ʱһɫĹװ°ڣһɷΡҶͷҲòݰɣ㿴Ҵ·һ˧ȴûͰ
ͷ֮Աǵˣ㣬Сһû֮ǰǵŮˣǾͻһˣһ࣬ݣҲΪĵħͽԸŮ˵ںϡ
Ӧû˰ɣ
ѾûˣСӸúúллˣ˵Сӵڶûйһʦǲ֪ϰף
ۣǰɣ㲻˵л㻹ãһ˵Ҿ͸ˡǰʱ㾹ȻڴҶµˮ㲻Ǵ붳ҰɣҪо񹦻壬ˣ
ͷһΪ˼Ǳÿɾˣ
㲻ǴС͸ǸʲôɳصˮҸ𣿻õ
Ͳˣǽȫ죬ͽԵģǱ͸ȻҪúüˣ
ˣһСʱ򣬰ҵô˵
ŶǸ㲻֪νʤеʽ͵ѧоʽˣ
񺹡ʱôСҵôߵϣҼǵʱҶɵˡ
ͷϵˣҽôණʦûйңǽͷ㲻֪ʦص𣿡
ҺٺһЦҲҲƣƽȣԵˡ޷ֺ֮࣬࣬˵أ
СӰѷóˣҲҶһࡣȥɣ˺ܶණҵһȻͷ˺ܶණԻôණɲ磬㵽ﰡ
ͷЦҪ뿪ˣȻҪԶٺõˣ
뿪ȥģҪȥΣôȥҵΪֹûйȥأ
ǺǣǸطڻȥˡҿ
˹ȥֻͷҴ˼ۺҴСĻѾСˣ
ʵˣСͽʲôðȲ⹦Ҳڹģ
ͷͷҲǸøһеʱˣ
ʲô鰡ʲôҵģ
ͷ΢΢һЦͻȻȫɢһ˵Ϣ˾ܸߴԴ󺣸ɽһ㣬ĸоǿҸ޷⡣
Ҿȵͷ㡭
ͷջƣЦǴӻ֮ģԽ̫ҵʱ㣬ųûе֮ʣ棬֮ȻǺекһãӵлʣҴ˵ѡ
ҴһᣬȻʵˣ
ͷղչʾԲǷеģʹѧҲԲиղĸоԲŻжϡ
ͷҡͷȷ˵Ҳˡ̹ţŮ洣ЩӦ֪ɣ
ҵͷͷЦʵҲǴӻ֮һҲǵһȥȥĴ񣡡
ҿıŵˣ˷ܵʵҿԸѧЩǿķôΪʲôҷ
Ҳǽǿ̹ŴģʹǿĻ֮Щõķ֪Ҫٰ
ֲð
ģһػ֮ǰѻ޼¼㣬ڵΪӦѧһЩˡ
ģ̫ˣ
ҿĵͷӦý̫𣬴ʱóһ֧Ƶѳҵ͸֧ӽСۡŵģ͸㣬ʱѵأڻ޼¼мأѧˡ
ͷ˶ֵǬ͸ɣкܶռĶҪػ֮磬֮ҲòЩ
ȻҾͷ죬ʵ֮ܺãҪˣҺ᲻ãѾϰƽʱͷˣϾΨһˡ
ͷЦ޲ɢ֮ϯ˸Сҵһȫ޼¼ʱմ̫ʱ֮ܵˡǸǳõĵطСӸԵ񣬶һкܶӣʱû֮˫ްǸ壬һ֮硣ʦҲãǺǣ
е˸С˸徲ĵط޼¼һºڰѧĶѧˣû뵽дƽпռҺ˷ܣĻҾȥϲѰؼǵݾŮˡѰؼǵˣλŮˣҾҪҸʼʣڣһΪһʾ




002 Ȼ

κڣһŵԺ䣬ľӳһСԺУƬСݣԼĶмᣬгݰһжԵóף
ʱͻȻһâֻһӿеֱײСֻǶײУ˾죬˵ע⣬ټҶѾߴ˳ΧСڿ
ʱ߳һλɫŮ֬ӨѩףͷŶ٣ʲ飬һ£ĸ޳һգĶˡر˫ˮ˫ۣ̬ǧߵЩҶѾʲôˣղǾô°
һѾߵС㣬ղźи׹СУ㿴ˮڻεأ
СһȻˣʱͻȻˮ汬һɫӰܵ߿УֻӰڿһת壬ƮƮС֮ϡ
ֱʱ˲ſǰӰֻһˣһ³°΢һӢ͸֮һͷ΢ͷƮһ֧ɫĵӣʹ˸ԷΡ
ڳŮԣλС㶼ĿųԵɫǾ·һˡ
ңҴƽпռһʹãԳʽ΢һЩ
ҿһܣֻЩ˶ɵվиһλɫŮɲǼҾޣʱСع΢΢죬λӣǺˣΪλ
ҼǾɫŮңòһЦ˵֪Сҵ̸̫á
һЦڳŮһԣħŮ˵ʼϽеĳõʣʵҶŮ˵ɱҾ1+1>2֡
Ȼԣ빫ӽ¥һ𣡡
лС㣡룡
С㵽ʯɵĵС¥СҿǹͻȻʱûӣҿɲϰ߹¡
ҽܵ³裬֪С㷼
Ů֣˵û˲֪ģ뵽ҴȻСŮӼȻӣ
ۣԭǼȻû뵽ôɣȻźСһǻԭǼС㣡
֪ܷһ£Ϊιӻأ
ȻҺǺ档
һЦй¶ֻܸ߼СҵȷǴһģ
֪ʱ˺Źһ׵ģ˵ɱȽңϾǴġ
ˣôܣ֪֤أ
Ȼ޷š
΢΢һЦһӣгһˮľһţȻȻȻд£ǳˣ
ҡͷҲˣֻҲһЩѣ
ҵȷˣΪҸû޹ɣӵеǻ֮Ҫ˵Ǻ̹Ŵһ˰ɣȻû̹Ŵǿˡ
ҶԼȻϣСܰұܣҲ֪ҵ
ȻͷȻһΪӱܵģ
쿪ʼҾڼȻˡȻÿ춼˯ϰߣĸ˵һأû뵽һϲļȻҾҪʱõ˷ģ




003 䶯

źССס˼գҲЩѾ߼ҶˣǼȻ˶ûҴȥȻȷǸͨŮӣ˶ĻִС
Ժ̫̫Ȼ֮УƮ֮УպñȻûдңֻǾĿţҲһ֣ȻóȻʵжǿľ
ջأ˫ѹתԼȻüСõˣ
ûУֻȻܺղųõʲôѧȻᵽְһеĸоǳ棡
Ǻǣ̫̫һۣӦȭȣ
̫Ȼδ΢һ𣿡
̫ߣ޼֮֮ĸҲ̫ԲӦ䣬Ծƶǧ
ѧأѧܸߣ֪ӽΣ
֪Ȼý֣ҺȤҵȻżҪ뿴ҵĽ
һЦ¾׳ˣ
ּһ֦Ȼȵ֦Ϊ𣿡
һ˽｣֮ʱľʯԿΪ
֦һתʹ˶¾Žͬʱ׽ж¾Ž
Ծʹ˵ʽ佣ʽ뽣ʽȣһʹһ߱ơ
ˮһ㣬ʽÿһƺ仯Ȼǽмһ۾ͿĽǾĿң
һսȻӵĽʵǾȻ
ҡͷ΢ЦҲپĽж˴ģ˴Ľо׶¾ŽͬǴӰʤʤУ
ȻһԽļ⣬΢ͷ˼һ£̧ͷâ˵õȷеһȻԽһЩµ˽⣬˸ˣ
΢ЦϲСѾԽ˸һۻɲǼ䣡
Ȼһʫ䣬Ŀʸӵȷ٣ۻɲǼ䡯û뵽ĲҲ˳ڣ
ǫңС̧̫ˣ
СͷѧϰȷԺ󵽻ӦȥʱӦúúллûҲûнҡ
ӲÿֱӳƺȻΪȻˣмСԵ̫ˣ
ãţȻƺѾ˵еλͬˣҪټӰѾˣ
ȻˣҾ͹ˣȻֱӳƺΪСˣԵЩ
ǺðС죡
Ȼʱֵ֪СûˣȻͤУȻһأ
Ȼ뿼ɷ棬ԭвǷϸķԼȻѾΪʸˣһˡ
СͤУֻͤʯѾһܹ٣ȻŵᲦңһƬ֮УֻûɣڼȻ֮У²࣬ߡ
ȻƵȻǵһֺ٣֮ڶ
ȻЦСǳڳ£˵Ļʣȴǡô
ҿһ۹ٵȻĻҲΪȻһΣȻ죬Ҳֻ뿴Ҷж˽⣬û뵽һᵯȻ𣬽λøҡ
ºһµȻȻһӣҾһ׺ŵģ
ҵ𡶲׺һЦͬʱ׺һЦֻǽ񳯣Ц׷ϳ˭˭ʤ֪
ɽЦƮҡԾ쳾ཿ
ЦǼΡ黹ʤһա
ЦټΣڳճЦЦ

Ȼҵϲû뵽Сټ֮ߣư磬ֺ⾳֮ߣȻϵ಻ҳѣʵǺܷӣ
΢һʼӱǿŲЦ£ʺŮ࣡ϧûϣ֪ȻԸ𣿡
ȻһСԸ⽫̸Ȼ
ȻˣףȻѧһ׺һЦ
ԭΪ׺һЦȷʵ
СòĲɳڣǹˣ书׿ͨɣ¼ҲҲڶСˣ
Ȼô˵ҵۺܸߣȫȻˡúøлͷôණ
ҪټӰѾȵĿ⿴˼Ȼһ۵ΪȻһˡ
͸¶Ŷ԰׷󣬶԰˵飬ıףȻͨȻܶôӵҵ顣
һڣվԼȻʱˣˣȻ߰ɡ
Ŵʱ鷳ԷҪţʿɶֹļԲȶͻȻ뵽һܹݡǸԶ˵㡭
죬ҽ̼Ȼ׺һЦżָϦദʹȻҵ⡣֪ȻңòƷ书ƽʱִʿԹŴŮɱһʹĶ֪ԼѰҵķѾˡ
PSϲ֧֣ͶƱңƱҰ~~~~ٺ١Ŭ£ľ̫࣡




004 

ССסһʱҾøȥԹˣﻹпŮӵȴȥȣұԼȻȻҲҲˣҪȥһˣж־ķ
ȻŲĵ֪Сʲôʱ׼أ
ͳˣ
ǡȻСаɡ
õģһоȻ
ϣڼȻУһСƲˣȻţȻһƵȻȽСһ
ãҲȻһƹѮȻ⣬ɫ΢죬Ϊ˾ƵԵʣȻѰ⣬ϣžȻС졭֪ȻһֱѰԼķһֱû˺ϸ񣬶С㲻ͬķ涼˳ɫ˵ᣬȻϲС죡
ԱߣĿżȻȻҲϲ㣡Ұ㣡˵ͷס˼Ȼ˵˫ȻĻӦң̴ڣһ𡣽ǣ̧ͷԼŮоǺҸʦ뿪ʱȻ꣬Űҵģֻۡ
֪ɬǾȻ˫շ죬нɣҪȻɣ
ұҡͷҲҪӡҪȥúôһʱһ㹻ݵλ´μʱҪ˳ӭȢ㣬»ҹ
Ȼжĵɣ̫ˣȻǾޣ
ӵĲֳ֮ͬüȻοԣֻжԼУٴ˫
һҹֻǱżȻ˯һ𣬵ȻȫˣֻʣǵؿȻļֱħݣǼͦ˫壬ǲһˮ߰֫⻬ϸļɳƵϾ
ڶһ磬ٲȻұһӰʰһЩʵҸҪҪʲôǬжСȻŮһ⣬ôòء
׼˶Թ緹Ҵ뿪ˡҲżȻңУҲֻ˲ǵС㣬ƽʱԴҲУƽ׽ˣкøУȻȻķˡ
ſڣתȻˣҾˣ
Ȼɻ
ȻӦҳŵĵģҲöҾͻٵκˣʱһͷأ
˼Ȼһٱ֮ǺתҾ뿪ˣͷҲصĵֻǶݵģСʤ»顣סܿǾͻһԶҲֿˣ
ĸ˼ȻһվĿأֱȥԹ𣿶ˣҲ̵ˣԭȨۣҿɲٲ·ˣҪȳ
ǬһţеѲ嵽䣬㣬ڿշУҶԸСһ
ֱӷǰٴˣ·õǺɫرŮԵ·࣬ҲԳһԵñȽۣӢòصʣһɷڽϳŮעĿ
˵ǮסĸۡܿұҵˣǴٹסĵطͦģһҲû̡
ڴŸиŵϲ棬ٴȥϲʵ˼ң֪Сȥģ
ϲ̧ͷһ۵ʹǺˣС𣿡
ͻȻʹþ澭е󷨣ϲһƬã֮ɫʵȥ
ϲղгС㣬˵үģǳүĳҲû
аӦȨƭ̡ǵסͼ̸ȥֻһһ㣬ֻһƵġ
һסĵطǺܺϧȴޣȻԼҲ֡Һܿҵڵķ䣬Ϊ浹в˰ء
ϢĽȫѨ󣬾ͽ˷档ֻһŮţòֱƼȻȼͬһɧڹˣҼʣһ۾ͿĹǣȻ˴ӹɢŵġ
ʱ۽Ǻᣬҧ˫ͷеҵɢһ̬֮һˣ
ȨʱЦſ̣üʱǻûǰͻȻ˷䡣ȻȻһᣬ漴ϺȵʲôˣȻ󵨴룬ˣ
ýˣǵ˶ˡڸǺúýѵʱˣ
ȨԱ߼ϵĽһ빥ңҴѣԵΪһﻹǴ´ࣿ
һǵĽֱǻûüӦʱյѨסǡ
ûȥǣֱǰİ⿪ϵӣҵͷһ£ûˣû˺ˣ̶ǰӢһ˵Σˮ̶һпȥֻ§ķ۱
Ұ뿪𣿡
һеͷ
ҿһ۱סȨմƣ˵ûзκһϢ棬Ұ̺ᱧһȴûзԡ
˿ֻ뵽ÿţůԶ
Ҷ̵Ҵɺ𣿡
˵ҲشͻȻԾУɣһӾͷ˳ȥֻö߷̧ͷһҴڵͿзɹŵϰͷҵĻС
ûµģģﱣ㣬κ˶˺㣡һעңӵңҲҸо塣
ҵΪȻң̾ħ֣ͲٲĽˡ




005 Ů

Ҵ̳Ҿ˼ҿջס¡
УҰ̷ڴϡ̴ʱѾȶǽллӾūңγƺӣ
ҽг裡ؿ֪Сγƺ
ȻѾ֪ˣʱҲֻװ֪
ụ̄
ʵô֪̳ˣ빫Ӻδı档
һһЩ֮춨Ե֡еԵǧᣬԵ治ʶ
ҽ̣ҲûзԣǺǣ
ԵǧᣬԵ治ʶöʫ䡣
Ŵ˺󶼺ŲණҲҲˡ
ͻȻеǵûȥ粻֪ҵ¶ҽ췢¡
Ұοİɣ̲µġȨɱˣµģû֪㲻ܻȥȥˣǾͺп¶ɱǵ£ǻҴ࿴ĳ罫ضλ˳Ȩˣлˡ
ΪѵҸô졭ҡ
дţҰ͵㸮ϣ֪ˣҪǻȥĻֲ֪ʲôҪ⣬ùһʱ㲻һ
ȻҿҵĻ̾͸ңһᱣģҵı죬û˺ģ𣿡
̿Ӣݣ峺ɫ΢죬С¹ײӦųӣ֮ԡ
վ΢Ц̽ҳǲ̫أ
ɬĺһ磡
ԼҲףһμӾȻΣӵȫɢƮʣƽȻĸоȴԼǵħͽںϺﵽľ硣ħ󷨿ǴӰ굽ʮŮ˶ֵס
д˷ţҰ͵԰ǣе޷ǰѷ¸԰ҲԼȥصġ
ȻҾͱžṦԹȥһʼ̻ܺ£ǵ˺˷ܵľСŮӵСһ㣡
һ͸˺ܶ·վϢչиоۣ֪Ѿ˽ȥ԰Ρ
ѾԾ֮ڣŪƥ̱ǰɣִȥ·ҲΪŵĿһУ૵磬ϣһ
̧ף̣Ҹᣬչһӣ޸ң𣿡
Ŀעңϳ۹˾ϵħȻܵҵİɬĵͷ̡Ը⡭ɣ
ҿĵĵ̫ˣ̣
ҽӵ̸ɢŵϢǿĻС
ѾһСڣ˸ջס¡Ϊֻһˣֻסһ䡣
ڴ´ţ̿һУǳ˵̬ɢʣңĦңǷͦ˫ǰᶯţ˷Ӧ
ȻоõȻûоȻ֪ЩŮ֮£ɬĵҪĻԸɡ
ҡͷ̣֪ҴʱҪ㣬һԸ⣬ҲΪֻΪŶ˺ãҪ֤İģ
̸жҸˮϵģ˫§ҵĲӵҸʶɡҪ̣ҪɵŮˣ
ϿøˣҸоϽӴĿУҿɲ»ݣʱˣѹ£Ըе˫˫ָ·ǶԼͦ˫塣
ҿٵĽ˵·ȥһ߰֬ѩϾǰû뵽˫ȸ·ʱҪˣһֻֻ޷գѾ˿š
̵Ĺǵ̣ôУܿ鶯糱ܵȡţҽͷ˫̧ߴ̣Ҫˣ΢ŵ㰡
ɫߺ죬ȴԶ˷ɣϧ
ҵ׼صĶڣȲҵǰһͦĴ˽ȥͻ谭˵졣
̴ӿʼʹûֻţϵӭңĹǵŮȻǿŵһ̾Ѿ飬ҪڻˡҽľڣԻ֮塣
ɢѾſڻ˯ȥһξôˣԺ治֪ôҶԣǼ£




006 ɣ־

ڶϣڵķγȻоõҪæɣ㴩¡
ЦˣԼᴩ
ҡͷӷ̷Ӧõģ
ƿӣҴ£ֻһֵۣ
ұոô÷ҵ̰ɣ
˵Լ·ȻƿҩһЩҩˮͿĨ̵壬̸оһˣҲûôˡҵҽɲǰѧġ
Ұ̴·ж㣬Ҹɴ౧ϣɣִȥ·ѯһ£֪ɣִǰ棬̫ˣˣ
ܿҵסľСȣȵȣԼȥ
ҽȥһ־ȻмСſڣѵǸԽˣҲͣ£ֱӳСݶȥǼһ˸˵ָΪһȫ졣
߿һȥͿһªĵ׳ʵļһץһŮ֣ѹ£Ůҡ
Ǽһһתͷ˴£ȴ˽Ǵûˣվŭʲôˣҵأ
ǶѾˣֵˣ
ҵӰ˲ǰһƴĿڣίҵ£ȥˣǽߵŮԣֻһذ׵ţȻǴֲµȻչ˵ò㣬ʱͷ·Ƚҡ
ҽûˣѾЩԶɱˣû˻˺ˣ
öлӾūң
ʱҲſҵòӢһ£ɫơ
ҷµʲô֣Щʲôˣ
ūЩЩԣ˽нһֱռūңҺйȡӳӢ
ȻҿԶ˼أҶԼͦŵġҿΧһµԺҰɣһչ˺ģһ˴ҪǳʲôҲû֪
ɫߺĵūһֱܴһɷû뵽ūҪ˰ʱڰѹˣԺӾūҵɷˡūĺÿġ
Ұİ§УһǳȴŮӣһҪҸҵԺҾķˣҽг衣滹һ˵ңҲҵӣǳȥӽ
һǾߵС̽˽Ҳ¸̣ΪѹŮϳ˽áҲʱӱɷΪ𣬶ƽˡ
ҰǼԵʬ崦һ£ʰһ£һļϣҪշͿ˳ڼˡ
ϣұŮϣ˫Ƿ˵ϻšｿܡ
Ѿܾûлˣһһʰ̳ҲǿƲ
һŮѹ£λӣҪˣ
ȽŮѹ·Ƥ⻬ϸ壬ָмѣΣ˿Ǹͦ˫֮Уʱͦ۶֮С
ǳû¶۶ͻȻ룬ЩʹһĿϮţսҳ־ãﱻѹסȫ˸߳һЩڣ塣
Ȼһ̣Ѿĳ֣ѹϣŭͦ룬ûκ谭ӭҵ룬ңת
ɢŮһһſ˯š˼ŽΣҵӮҪΪһʾкܶձŮңҪıǵˣ
ڶϣŮ¶ɢŶ˵ٸ飬üҴŴ⣬޲ɷͬʱҲøഺˣû֮ĳɹԺǶһֱഺҲ̲סٽŮѹ£úûһ
һסˣȥļУշˡϣұշȻҪڼҾͱȽ鷳ˡ
˼Уֻʮറݡé弡ʯݲУγһĽֵڼϣҺ̶ǵһּУȻǽΪҿġҷҴԼһ߰˵ĸǺȺŴձ鲻ǺܸߣȻ
ʱмϴ佣ıκǣߵŮзųĿ⣬ֱŮȻҲֵˣҡ
ûµģ£ǵķڣû˺ǵģ
ֻһǴͷļһҽСӣģͰ˶£ֵܻܷһȻĻ
ҲмЦǾҪûˣҴҵŮ⣬Ƕţ
䣬ͻȻǰһۣԵΪǣǷ׷𽣣ǵ书ôҿݵĴǵĽ֮УͬʱѣʱʱЩһһһĵ£ȫ
ͨϣ˲ƻǵӣЩåԾͱʰһɶ߻ŮߡŮԳԺͳݵң̸ǵɸղ轣ƣһĺÿأǺǣ̣ǼɣҪЩ˴ǣ
ʱѾע⵽һֱڿңҴŮҪʱһ
շȻˣҸղŵıֹʰɣרΪ׼ģҺûд㣡
תȥֻһ߹ӣԼʮĿ˾ĸоҽܵշڼͷ˴Ҽݣ书ǿǷˣ֪ûȤҵıڣÿҿԸٸͭǮ
̻ûʲôﾪеٸͭǮ
ֺʱйôǮȻˡ
һµҲã֪үǷҪǰȥΪȥ
շǻغһ·˳չƥŮ
ǺðɣǾүһǰȥˣڣүԿһ·ģ
ұշǰȥפӪأ˳ҲԼŮȻҲû˵̵ԼҵҪʼҵѰ֮ˣ




007 ¶â

շǵӪغշҽ˴·ˣƣշңȻƶҹмˡ
Ҳһ±ͷӣȻֻһݺҲм˵书ǿлᵹҪһˡ
˵껹ɫеĶ̺ŮڶǾɫ֮ˣ۷ֱߵҲ
ֻҺߴ˵һ㣬ĺ⣬亹
ƼңǶ
շҰϢӪʣŮϢΪշղң˵ұȥշӪʡ
շºʵ֪үʲô£
շյ鱨ǰ·һǸĻҺʵ鷳֪Щô֪ǵǰ·ߣֻ֪мѡ
ү˵ڼ飡
Ǵˣһˣ
үΪ£
ֱԼ۹ῴ˵ģ
ү֪˭ڼ𣿡
ֻκˣɿˣмɣ
շô֪ģһôڼҲãҲʡҵ
ȻˣǾͽҰɡһ£үҵĻԸˣһ
ҳĵ
ã˫ȫʶˣܰȫ͵ڼұػлֻҪշڣһ㣡
շЦ
үġү곤ңһСˣԵ̫ˣ
úúãСͽһϸˣ¾ͰСˣ˳ȥͼһŮ׼Ӫȥֱӵ
һʼŹڼһе£ŮεңĿһգգעҡ
ƵҾʶһҵı£ɣ㲻һҵĸ𣿡
ŭ𽣵ôүһСж
ŭҴĿ־壬ýңȴȻ˫ַȻԵãŮ
Ľ̵ʱͻȻ˫ָһ¼סŮ˼Ŀңǿ־ˣȻֽס˼ʮصĽ
ҳһЦˣ
һþҵָ۳룬ʹָһ͸壬ڵһĺۼ
ŮʱѾв˹ˣҶʶҸղŵˡ˫۲ңͷһ㣬Ѿһʬˡ
ʱշ˳û˵ʲôֻǷԸҲܾҵʵ֮ǿͲ˶Ȼû˻ʲô˶ݵĿңŮǽңҳһЦһԡ
շŮ˿ңȻĵСϲĻͽ͸СˡеϪСȥһ£
Ůˣ˫۷Ź⣬ϲɫ
ҲĵǾͶлϸˣ
շЦЦ뿪ˡߵŮǰҲϸŮ
ֻŮò绨ųٸķϣͦ˫ҿжǾһԺ飬ִģĸãǰϸһǵԾˡ
§ʵʲô֣ôᱻģ
Ůӹ÷ϣǱ檵ɷģ
һϲû뵽ɱȴþ÷ϣûǻ쵰ռˡ÷еһŮӣ˼ɲ
ԺҵˣһúչģҪԳƼˣҳӣһɶУ
÷ижлǵ檲ңֻϣܷ̹ӾѾˣ
һ̾Ŵķ⽨˼룬һǵķ㲻ҪٳƺԼΪ檣ҾͲҪˣ
÷ϻæӦҪף
÷ȴһûл֮˺ãֻԶǰӡ
Ҵ÷ϵԶϪѹ·Ϫˮϴһ£һ£÷ϼȥ·¶һȵļ⣬˲ӢףһȥԼѡ
÷ҲϪУָҵļ⣬ԼǶԺ˫ҵıϣĦң÷ôһŪתһ§˵壬Ǽôеԡ
һֻǶԺ飬ҵֻһѣҽͷ˫У̰˱㣬÷ϱŪ鶯糱
ҽһŭѾͦţҰ۶׼ҵķֱ룬һֱ۶̱ҵķ÷ϲ˳ֻӳһ磨ȻҲǴӻ޼¼ѧģ͹߶סˣҿɲ뱻ѿݡ
һ֮÷һУĵ
ҴߵԺӻأģ
һֵȻʰɣλҪܸ㣬ҽҪ˯쿪ʼкöҪأ
Ұ÷ϱԼӪУ̶Ѿ˯£һңŴŮӾǺðҲۣûǷңֻ˳÷ϣŮȵ÷ϣʱʵкܶŮ˸֣ʱĺҸҲֳŮӵĵλ΢Ůֻ˵ĸӹƷ
§Ů˯һǸŮֱҲˣ˫ޣһҾͽŮɵ߳˳Ҳ˫һ£Ů˯ȥҾȣҲ˯ˣɴ붨Ϣˣ
ҲǻҺʱˣͬʱҲ֮ʱ




008 չ

ڶ죬շһ£ҴڴʯػҺԭĵΣҲĵΣѵǱ
Ů֪Ҫȥǵģֻ΢ЦǷҵıӦüʶҿԱ֤гɰǧҶ״ǡ
ǿ϶ҪɵҺģٺ٣ĻҺûѾˣ
շӿٶȸ·ûҺֲͬʱڴʯȣҰЩʿҵҪȥһʲôķ£ʱȳԵͷ
ɫ磬Ҷշϸ磬ҵĹƣҺӦѾǰ·ˣӦûᾡ׷ǣҼûȻ͵Ϯǣ
շɫеصĵ֪ˣС죡һоͰˣ
һЦĺˣϸ磡ҪûҺ޻أ
һ޻أãС죡
շұֵڣ书Ҹġ
쵽ˣȻصӪУŮһԸǾʹܣҴͻǷĺˣ
̵ɶҪСģǻڴ˵Ⱥƽ
ֻǿңȫе飬÷Ҳŷ
ǣң˼ŵĸоǰȫͬˣ
ҴŴԼʮ˻صʯȣ߸ߵؿ·Լȥֱ·ȴҺǰЩʿǴĵң˴ݵĵԼϴɱ书ҲǺܴ𺳡
ѾĵӦԵõɣǺǣǳԵСͷĺϷںأ
Žǵùû뵽Լȸϵǰ棬׷ȥʱڴʯܵЩ壬ǵǴ粽Уʧ˲ƥһвˡ
ֻһҺ׳ŭҳȥӻҺҪɱ˹ǣ
ԭǻҺǶжǣֻһȣһЩֱӳ˳ҲõĲˡҿԶǳеĳۣߣת˳Ȼ֮Уһкú
ЩղŻڣ˿ȴһԵ֮УҺҲУͻȻڵľ̻عֻԼȫһ亹ղҪɱǣѾûվˡ
Һһ쵰ѣɱ
ôһУвҺ̧ǰȥֻһµӢվǰ°ڶһɷΡ
Һ֪ղŵһоǰɵģԼֱԼǰǸ֣ҽеʲôˣȻҵһҺ·ʶøÿӿԷһ·
ƽʱԻɱ˵ҸղŵıѾҶˣѵһЦǻҺ񣡡
ʱ˵𣿹أ˵գұִ˾澭е
ֻЩһѪҺ󾪣ŭɱ
ЩѾ˵ǰɱңҺ֪ȥ˶ǵǹƥң޴ҡ
ɽϵʿ״ͬʱһֻɵõӵס󴸣һתһж󴸾жԱߣҺû뵽ɻɱУͻȻû뵽ͦֻһתһ£һ̩ɽѹ
ΪҸжĹʽϣ޷ܣǾʹشˣ¶һŪ΢ЦͻȻʧԭأֻԭһӰڿлҺ󺧣Ѿ޷УΪʵ̫ˡ
ղǾ澭Ӱ㿪ڻҺûŵǰһǿƾҺ汻һУֱӴɵУЩŵǵɴ۾˼鿴š
˳ԾҺҴ򵽿кṳ̂ͣһţֱԾҺϷŵĸ߿գһƽʮƣֱлҺֻ³һѪֱ׹棬ԱߵֻһεĽɫ棬桰䡱һը
ЩԼϴˣҸղҲ˼УһʵǰЩɵˡ
Ҵʱһ٣Щʿ㽫ȷźõĹʯȥ׷ǣͬʱԼҲ³ȥǼʶҹĪı󣬸ʮ㣬ƴʢɱ
ЩĻеЩʿ򣬴ʱ޵ûȡܿвʿеĽڿУָɽƿһνԶ֮Ťһ
ЩûӦѾг롣սܿͽˣҷûȴ˵ˣȻǱҵνɱ
ǲһлȥսʰһ£˳һ˿ڣǻЩСˡǸܳݵĿ˫ֱվԶҡ
ҿǲˣֱӵȥɣϺúϢѾҸˣ
ЩʿҲ˷ܡǶˣҴȵľʬȫյˡһɱˣо治ãԳһЦǵģôеƸˣǺǣȥǻأ
һصפӪأշǰҼһ£ЦСȻѾ˻ˡС书ʵǹĪ⣬СԺһܳͶأ
΢΢һЦǾͳϸĹˣ
СȥϢɣʣµ½ϸˣ
õģȥϢˣ
շһصԼӪ֮Уֻ÷ʲôŮһˣӭ÷Ϊȥ£һ˯̺ӣ̵ڻˣһֱû˯ڵȷһޣ
ô˯أɲãҲƽ𣿡
ûзߣūҶ˯ʵ
÷£ֻڷ߲ȫ˯ðȣ
ЦСɵϣðɣ÷ҽúοһλˡ
ҴŵɫŮɫһ죬ĵŮǳڴԼ·¶߶˵壬ҷѾͦˣôأһ˵ŮٺЦҪŶ
˵գұ㿪ʼսһʱ֮䣬ɫʣŮ鶯糱Ҳͣǵ۶г壬ǵĿ֮ŮŪø߳ɢ§Ůǰ𪶯˵壬˯ȥŮ϶Ҹı顣




009 ٺ

ǰȥ֮·ΪûȻǰȶˣһ·ŮȻ⣬ʱΪǴһЩӣʿҹмӣǿǴĵңҶеϴĸоˣշҲԽԽ˺ΣҲף˲űڼңԼݵλȻõߡ
ڵ˺⺪ǹȻԹǣȷ󣬹ǸߴĳǽԵΰҳ߻פԱӪҲľƣ¥ǲʿѲߡԹƽ֮սѾԪˣڸʢ˥ˣ
ŮУһƥշһڳеĴϣʱһʻǰΧвػš
ʱշҵŷ˵Ǻˣ޸ϧ磡
뵽ôžͳˣһŮİԼԼǸöˬ˾ιҳѧɲǸǵģʲô֪ѧѧªţ֪˰ɣ
ʱͣһʿշ˹ȥҲշ棬շͷշŷˣ
ֻдһǵڼĴսˣ˵٣ܰȻǿϲɺذ
շܰȻغһλʿг裡书ǿӢѧţ
ŶūһҪʶʶλʿˣ
ŵĿԶҸȤͣ˳ǿңշҲ飬شʱӢҲ⡣
ֻӣķΣ״ķٺһ֦µüĿ续Өѩ׵ļɢųٸķϣȴִŵ㽿㼵ĶʹС治Ǹﰡ
һЦ˫ֱͬʱ˵ħ뽣䣬ɢƮʣȴˡҿڵŷˣ

ȫˣֻǰӣֹıһҪߣӢر˫۾峺ȴְ䡣ֱҵŲֻȻһЦūʧˣһ˲ţūĶأ
ҵȻһЦŷ˹ˣܳ
Ц˵ȤĽأпգضһ𣬲֪Σ
ôѾĿŵˣϧҿɲͨˣǶĵϸһ
пգȻȥݼŷˣ
˵꣬ҾתûȥšŶҵ̬ȿʮֲ⣬ǰĸ˿ɫڻ꣬ҵ峺ȻȴǰԽԽˡ
ӣѾﵽԼԤĿ꣬ע⣬ٺ٣пǻʵܹˣ
žȥˣշҵС죬ŷ˶ͦӰģñȻ鷳ˣ
շļϸģзִģ˵ģ
ĳշȷʵĵģҵȻҲĻرˡ
շŵС죬ͼλȵڼҵйס£Ҵȥڼұ·ѾһͻڼұˣȤܿ㣡СҪúðջᣡ
ҵͷϸĺˣҵı£ʲôأ
շЦСı£ںûʲôˣ
շǰڼҵйڡطͦģҲܿȥڼұˣʱкܶµأ͢һŮҿɲܷŹСӣֱСôܷŹأ
ŮһҺڵˣǷҪͶأ
ҵֻҪܺͷһôûϵ
÷ҲͷֻҪܸŷˣں
ҰŮһǣ˳ҲһǣҿŵǣǷڵ磿
ǸȻĵԲɣ̡
§οɵϣ˵ʲôԲ𣬺οҲǵԼĴ磬ģұ֤ûµģǷҿˣöãпҵĴȨ
̸жĵл£Ҳ׷ˣ˵һģ
˿İʧˣҲеܿ֡ͻȻЦλˣǲǸðˣλǲҪ̷أ
ɫߺĵ̷̷
ұס̣ڣһָǶԷ飬һ̽صɭУ̲ס÷ϺҲ̵Ūûȡ
һѹ£⿪·ͬʱŮҲ·Ȼ谮ǣ
ŮɬȥϿ̣оѾʪˣǹ
̷ֽѹ£ÿ֮Դҵ󣬸ǻ˵ϸŮһ㣬˫޴ĺôˡתֱֵĵ߷塣
Ż÷ϣ𣬽סңҪԼ뵽УҵķŬķսɭ֮Уؽ۶
һɫҪŮüΣǶ˯ȥһҹ
ڶշңҪȥڼұ˵ڼұסѾҰźˣȷշ˵ڼȷʵܿң
ȻҾͲˣŮշǰȥڼұ͢ˣҰɣ




010 ڼ

ڼұȷǹ󣬹ǣլǳǱΰĸܸۡǸǽڣлǺӣֻдΪһͨԱ߾˵ȫ԰֣ûӡ
ھסʮ򻤵ˣ⻹ؾҵ찡ڼһǼҴҵǣסլͨŽշ˼ѾȴŮȥҰŵס
Ҹշȥڼź˵䳡ǹ󣬱һҪöأвԼý
г֣ȲϣշǲȻɫϥǶõһҫˡ
շüҵĶͷһܸߣ¸漣
ҵȻһЦǵϷҿģϸĺˣ
һ뵽Լ˲ţշϿĵС죬ССȲϣ
շߵгͷӧڣɫʿ̤ɫʿƤѥӢȻȲ۾͸ŰԸУ˵һƨ
ҿһ۾ûٿΪҿһˣһŮμһ۵İ£˵Ĵ֣Բᳬ18ꡣǳȻ˱ȻƥƤ׻סǳЦҳഺõϢ÷ϸҲֻһϳ̡
Ůض͢ˣȻշҵ۰Ů͢С㣬е˼˺޵ҹټң
ҿó͢͸¶ǶӢ۵ĳݣûŮ֮飬˶ҶԣҪðˣ
ʱжٲļУ͢𾢣۽ȴͻȻշշߵʱסˡֻ͢ǰʲô˶ûˣֻǰһ£òӢȫɢʵӡ
ֻԼǰȫסˣĿֻǿң֮ɫǺǣħ󷨣ʵ椱ر书Сʱײȥѧ˵ħ󷨡
͢ԼĳޣȴͻȻ͢ûŸշһӣҺԼҲһȫȲӣ漴͸ֱҡ
ȫܵõҾҪ͢ǰС˵ĿҶ͢΢΢һЦ͢һЦŪɫߺ죬˸Ƕʻա
ֱңಡһֱҵţҸоõļǴóԷɹңԸأ
ɳȥʱ˲ŷӦϧѾˣ͢СɫֵĿҡ
Ȼ治ɫֻһƾʱҵ˫ָϬһָָס֧ƴļ
ͷֱβҵɫһ㶼û֧Ҷûһۣɫŵ˵Цݣ˶ˣ˼Ŀҡһᣬڳ˶ͺȲʡ
͢ҵУ
͢۾Ҳ˳ֽУ类ĹҵȥһֱģڰĵļӲβƿļҵļһ봩У
һȲʣΧЩϰʿѾȫ˸ղıˣЦŶ͢͢С㣡
͢ĿĴң˷ܵĵԭһ֮ǧĳ裡
΢Ц͢СˣСºҳݣ
͢Цӣ˵Ȥأ
峺͢͢СˣˮܽأȻȥΰ
͢૵ˮܽأȻȥΣǶʫ䣡
ҵ磬㲻ɣ˵Ļúû͢ģǸоĺУ
Ǻǣʼҳˣƺת仹죬ҪģжˡʱһҵĹŮôˣѵ¶ŮҵӰ
ֻΰϽ𣬹׳һơһ֪ͨˣ϶͢ϰӦԪˡ
͢סӦԪĸ첲У˵˼ںͳѣ
շѾĽ˴үˡ
ӦԪЦԭǳշѾ¶ˣ
΢һЦүؽҳүһСˣ
ӦԪãҾͽСˣǺǣ
ӦԪĻῴ͢ղŶҵ̬ȣǺеŮ̬ƽŮ̫ģǰҪǿ̫ˣ͸Ŀ⡣ʵӦԪҲ̫Ů޵ҹټҡ
ʱ̲סˣվ˳֣ո߳ĳҲһ£
ӦԪüţ񣬻û͢Ҳе㲻ˣҪĽЦȻˣʱ㣬үڴˣ뻹ǻһΰɣҲһʱ
ô˵ΪˣмĵôˣڴүҲڽԣ
ôһҲ˼ڼҴү΢ҡͷխּļأҵƣٺ٣
Ҽƻ֪ӦԪû뵽˿͢˵һʶŲ˼飬û뵽ƽһɾھȻˣǱﲻһжӡ漴ĵӣҵҳ£ҿԵ£Ժһлᣡ
һΪԿͷˣ͢ĻͻȻѹϧΪʱϷʵĿ⣬зŭ֪Ѿˣ޺޿һ۾ֱˣкûӦԪ
Ƽܽסʮһµеġѩںɫֵ÷ҸҲȽϲ磩




011 ڼ֮

ӦԪƫУżءʱ򣬻һôҲĸݳޣ
ĺǷʴͷϴŸ߹ڣǶŲٱʯϴģԱвŮڷţиιˮиָ׵ģۣͷʵҲ˰ɣƽ̨·Իʿԡ
˵ƣһ㵨С˿Ҫŵˡ˫ֶָ͢Ȼ˴ݣʡ
ӦԪѾ
΢յ˫˿ϸңֻҵŮʿ϶ҵǰҿ
Ҵǰ̬ݣ֮ɫʱͻͻȻ뿪λ˫ȭҡ
ӦԪ󾪣Ͽڵүؽţ̽µ书ѣ
ӦԪ˷ġҶǸ͵ȭҽ²貨΢ڵĶĹϼ򲻵ңҺȵҪȥģ
΢һЦǾ뱤ָˣ
ͻȻͣסΣʹ޺ȭӲӲֱӭϵȭȭཻһ죬磬Ա߷ŵһЩľε˿ȥ
ӦԪ˱۾˻ʧſ۾͢򽹼ҵӰ
ϷңȻվڸղŵλãŵķ뵽ԼȻңֲ˼ĵͷ۽ȴ͵͵ҡЩٶԱߵӦԪշúǶҶǺ⣬͢ϲңδǼ¡
ʱֻϴЦãʹ죡书ȻϵΪֹûֱӵӵҵȫһˣδȫȻӢ۳꣡
[www517znet]ˣԱʵ¼ѾŵĸˣҲĵͬʱҲ˳һƨ
϶費ıֺ⣬ʱͻȻӦԪ͢ȥҪͳ˵
ҴʱСͿˣ
ܵ͢Ա߰ĸ첲͢ʲôҪ̸үү
۾ʱʱƮңϿϳɾĻῴ͢ĵԣҺСҪ̸ȥֻ͢õǺðɣ
ӦԪǾȥˣ
ǸŮϵ̬Ⱦ֪͢ȷǺϲ
ϼߺݵС죬书ȷʵи뿼㣡
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һټҶ͢СõĹޣڼҲкһҺ֮͢ʲôҴ㿴ʲôͣ⣬ҲҲԭ⣬ϿɲϵӦû֪ġ
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ֵڼȻںλܸߣȻǼɵҲȷǶǲ⡣
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ĵһ壬ϣȻڼλãʱҲ޷ڼң
ϱϾǴˣ뵽Ҫϵļ壬˵ϣ
֪ôҲ֣ΪǴշӦԪ˽İɡҲãʡҶѿô֪
ڼģϣǾҲܶǣ
С뷨Ǻ͹һֱż϶
ǴˣӦõΪʲôڹм϶ȴֻϵģҲûŪжԳӣˮݵĵزأ
˵ⶼİ취ǻǣƣ
ϵȷϵһͨϵһ£̧ͷеȫʧˣ͵С㲻书ǿҸǶıڼ˲ǴҰ۹Ҳ˵Ŀһۡ
ҵȻ˼ѾĬҺ͢£Ҳͬ
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ЦŵͷСǴǣ˵ʡ⼸͸úദһ¡Ȣ붼룡
϶ͶǱߣһ뷽跨Ըңҿɲ£ܲҵĵģ
֧СңƱҰɣлл~~~~Ǻǣ




012 Ů

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ֻܹΪ˶Ĺϵ΢΢죬ͷһ㺹Ҳ֪ղڸأ
ת΢Ц͢С㣡
͢ҵǰҿǵκˮὫ㺹ȥ͢ϸΪۣҵķ
Ҳ֣͢ȴŲᣬЦʵ͢Сʲô𣿡
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ҿĵĵ֮أȻҾͽзˣҲýҳˣˣǶСġ
͢ĵĽеԺҾͽгΪˣ
΢Ц͢ǸõŮӣϲ͢У͢ҵԺ书𣿷Ҳѧһǿ书أ
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ǺǣǵСŮҲΪ˲Żǰ˳Ҳܲ˵һֱҺҵĳ֣Ǽһһʲôıң´οɲô׷Źˡ
ʱ͢ϦϦƯأ
֪ʱѾô˰Ҳ̧ͷȾϣепĵǰϦƯϧϦ޺ãֻǽƻ裡
͢ҵʫ䣬Ŀעң῿ҵļͷ磬ʫе˸УǷȴидأϦȷˡҸղŷŸпʱǣԼľһӰ쵽͢顣Ĳˣһ͢Ĺϵˡ
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˸׼ȥˣǻڵءһȥʱͻȻǼһģ֪Ҫʲôã»ûҸ뿴Ҫʲô
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ӦԪѾ͵ˣ죬һӦúúллδȻͲˡ
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ӯصңүһŮǸӣأ
ȥǣǾæԼ°ɣùң
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Ŷ˺ͺܶˣҲһʱ´ãΪĵúôһ
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ڵԼεˣû뵽Ὣ͸ôһӣһ˵ĸоԼϲĻУǿţӵС
һ̣꣬÷жŨŨİ⣬ǰҵ˶ԴЩŮӵķʲôأԼܼ޸Ҹжš
ȴ˯˹ȥʵ͵£ô˯úãȴȣЦݣ硣
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ᱧŵϣĴ˯ֱһ˯ͼĶͷһףֻ¶ЦݣһΣ
ӸϣǿҶᣬǳСģ̴˯е˿˿飬ʲôԼķӡ
ߵŮԣСȳȥɣúϢһ¡
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Ůֻվһԣ֪ʱū澵ĵλܵͣ˳ԷʱҪԱ߷̡ҶŮȻˣҲҵһӡºһԷҺ˲һϲֹأ£
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ˣôҵûй֣֮Ƕһˣ֪𣿡
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һٷԵڣ극ʰţ÷ϵ￴ûȥʱɫôˣһĶ÷ϵ㣬ҸղɴӺ˯ˣû
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ҸĶ극ˣĿͿңʱʣɬĵҪ̾𣿡
ҡͷ첻ˣѵ˯ͺϢˣԺеǻҪҵĺұ˯𣿡
һɵġʲôʱҪԸ⡭ɵҸ
ģ˵İ⡣
§ƣղŵС˯Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ϣҵ黰Ҹ򵥡




013 Ů

ڶ죬ڼϤһ£˳ū澴ȥЩŮõƷ
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ǾǸұ֤һϲģ
鱱ҲšұȤҪȥˣ
ȴЦЩһﶼźõģҺȥŮҲҪȥŮ
һլǹŴļԺ˰ɣӹְҵһֱţǡʷƾáְҵǡ
ϰкӣȻ˵һȻϿǾ磬Ҳֵúܺãɢ˵ķ飬൱ǻһǣ׼ȷ˵Ǽңӭ˫§ҵĸ첲
ĦҵֱۣһҲҳĶҲ˳§ûҲͦãװ׳Ե㶹ҲҿɲЩòȻαľӣ
Ӵǽ᷿λүūѾ׼ˡλӢŮӺĶūŮӣ
˵껹˸ۣžֱȥȥŮ˻ŮӣɫҲǶ˻У۾ʱʱƮңûӢӣͦΣЩ糾ŮȻĶۡ
ʱӻˣһλĸ٬ף÷ǳޣŮӣûմȾ糾ɴѣε֣۾ֱˡ
ͷ̬ۡվŮǰûµģҲ˺ģ
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ŮǰӣһĺÿʮӢ̲ס붢Լûκɫеֻϧ顣
ŮֻǰһҲ£ԼͶĻӵס뵽ʱɫ΢졣
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ŮŽߵӢӣ˵Ļɫˣ̧ͷЦŵĺӵȥŮҪΪ
˵ĻȫסˣһΪѵĵ⡭ӡŮ
ŮһŸжӣлϧŮǡŮùΪŮˡ
ˣҪ˵ˣѾˣҪΪȥ
ȻǶԺ˵ģɣ˷֮⡣ǿľĺôˣ
ƵɫȽѿѾǵļƻˡΪҲ֪ǴԼ͢濴ţʱ֪ͨԭΪŮĹϵ϶ԭִûҵסȥһʯ֮ơ
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ʱټ˾͵ñǧ˯ǱĻֻҪ̸Լ֮ˣŮжĪĺøУܸŮҲڡ
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Ů۱§סҵĲӣңǹȵĸо̲һڡ
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ķ۱û£ԭҲаߣ§Ůվĵҿԭʲô£ҳɲӡ
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øһˣҷſŮǰ˫ǰһתͻȻǿԱߵǽϱѳʯЩҽݣѺ洦ɼԭڵأղһ£ѾŵɫҰˡ
ƽĵԭҪŮ𣿡
ԭվе㶶ĵ㡭ĳ衭´Ρһÿߣ
ֲ֪˺ãǻߣԭǿʵѾŵòˡں͵˸ǵһԺҲˡ
ԭǱ뿪ˡŮղ𣿡
Ůҡ׵ֻҪڹߣŮоʲôҲˣ
ЦŮԺҷɾˣԺҵ֪𣿡
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ŮץңµȥЦŮģôȥأĵȥһᱣŮŮһ˺ģŮ§ҵĲӣûһʼôֻһӣŮһŮ
̾ϢѰؼеŮʵ̫ձˣҼȻˣҪݾŮǶҸʼʳɾһʱ¼ڶŮӣ




014 ȸں

ŮڷϷɿӹûע⵽ˣȦҵˣҪҵ͢Ϊ֪Բһȥªһȫ͢ǰչֳ
߽͢ϣͻȻǰһ꣬§һŮӣϿĵĵ㣡
΢Цӭȥ͢˿§ŵŮζĵô
ҹȥŵᰡ˳ԴŶ
͢һ£ûӦʱûԴʰɡ͢뵽仰˼ɫ΢졣
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͢û꣬ҾһѱסУһЩϲ̤ţһӷ뵽УǰС͢Ҫˣ˷ܵĵ㾹ȻɣԺ󷼶Ҫŷȥ׽С񣡡
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͢ĻֱҪըˣ֮ǰֻǾ̫ĿˣﲻһģΪѾȫңôɶ񶾵ļƻĵСˡ
ҳǣȻص˼УֻŮŮ죬ԱźţмҵĸоŮһʮֿġʵôͻ˰͢СҲˣλǣ
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Ҵ˵һ·£ŮŮۺʪҸȷŮһˮģ˭˵ǣҸ
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ȥʱӦԪշȴͻȻңкҲ;ֱ뿪ӦԪշɫѿ
ӦԪǽʱͿԼŮͶӶڣ͢鶼ӦԪӦԪŭФӣȻһ˱ɵ£Ҫ檣㣡
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͢Ҳû뵽˴飬мĿһۣһһ΢ЦһоڲСӦԪʱҲˣҵС죬ѾӦˣҪúչŮеСƢСҪൣŵ㣡
͢ԼңϾŮҵĽߣȴǿģܼ޸Լ֮ܲأǲĽŮˡ
˵ܻ꣬Ů֮УŮǺЦŪǵڴСǺܲ˼
΢Цİɣһչ˺÷Ҹˣ
ӦԪЦշҲǿģ
˵뿪ʱȴ˵Ҫ͢޸ңǼʵú޲ýǧУ֮ɫˡ
뿪ڼҺ֪Լڼˣֱǰȥ¸Сʲôıڵȴңµ׻ôأ
ʱ֪ΪڿֵУ͢ˣȻһҸľȥ˵ңȻңҵʼʺʹͬڹһ뿪ȥعｫʼһʼʵʷˣ




015 

͢ӦԪȻȥˣ̣÷һЦȻطˣֻŮߡȻŮ˼
Ů§ߣŮ֪Ҫ£ʵŮ׼ˣеĻᶯǵģ
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ŮһҲͷȴôļŮѾɵˣŮΪɵŮˡ
ԭУŮôĿ§ԷУŵϣ⿪Ů·չǰŮɬĲۿҡ
ҿٵѵԼ·ѹϣഥĸоԱͦţһһץסŮȥʼصɭ֡
Ϊǵһܼʹ࣬Ҳڣܿ巺˺ɫ۶Ƿĳ֣ŮɣŮ
ʱˣͦ壬ͻǲ㱡Ĥʢûжʹܿͱûϵһθ߳תսŮϣͦ۶Сһҹɫŵ죬ŮŮٸ
ڶŮǲ̫ˣҺΪŮͿĨҩ࣬ŮչǣϾŮ˶Ů˱Ƚ˽⣬һ˿ɲ̫ЩŮǷ¡Ů¶ٸ󣬻ɢ˷ϣüҺҿʮָ󶯣ڿɲٳһˣǺ˵ʱٺúܰɣʵ˵ƴ˵ǺУѹִҲôǮȥҴŮƴ
һ˳֣ʵ˵Դûôúù֣ŮһΪ͢ҪסԶڼаæ
Ůҵ¾Լɣһȥ֣кö˳ЩŮ뻹ûͶǹǲǣ
ţͻȻв˶Χڿ֣Ҳȥմȥ
߹ȥֻŶţԱ߻мȰʲôǶŽעǣվһԹŵһŮ
ŮĽ޳͸ӢȻò͢˽ȴһ顣Žʿ¶СֱۣɫŮۣǽķɫű͸ŵļƾ֪ӹˡҵ뵽üˡ
ֻţΪ׷ǸŮִ㵽ˣŮԶǲȤŮˣ
˳ҪʱͻȻһɢ֣Ϊÿǣ
һΪ˰ǵˣϷˣŭʲôˣվҪڱ˵ˣ
ʱֻһһµ߳ӢϹŵ΢ЦǷʣͽЩ˸ȥȻˡŮˣ۾һĿ⣬ڳһϷ̬⵹еԻˡ
һһ￴ôһ˧ŮעңʲôˣȻڱ˵ǣ
΢һʼʲô˲ҪֻҪΪȤȻҪˣ
һ˵˵ʲô
ҡͷʵ˵ǻĺģ㿴Ƕûʹˣ˭ӵҲ̫ˣ
Ҳֻһ˵ʱӿɴ뵽⡣һŮһ˿ȣһ˿ͣһ˿棬ҿס
˵ʲôƾʲô˵ǣ£
ҡͷǿɲǣô˵ҲϲˣҲʸӵˣ
˿ҲģҵߣǾҵģ
˰γңǵĽУżŮ΢ЦкŮȻǻصһۣǺǣ˼Ů
˽һ䣬߼йʱϵúܺˣָָ˲סѽͬʱǰһתһ˦˱˦ߣˤûǱѽȻС
ҽӵУʱͬʱԼһѽ˵˫֮䣬мû٣һѽòߣ˾ųһ亹
Ա߼ȥǣϻˣѾôˣѵ
Χ۵ΪҸղŵıݷȲʣûˣҲˡߵŮԱߵСҰȺһôлҰ
Ůһ۵˭ˣС㱾뿴ϷأŶô˵ҴС㿴Ϸأ
ҡȡ
֪ͺã˵ɣô⳥С㣿
ۣСĲˣ㲻лңҪ⳥ǹҧʶǣ
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ɻûˣŶһ˺±˵ɻ˵ˣҾˣ
ҡͷ̾Ϣһԩı顣
ŮװǻƣһЦû뵽书ĳ裬Ҳ
ȵʶң˭
Ůһǰ۸ҵں˭֪֣һ˶ǧ书Ǹ߾ټһ´磬Сôϲأ
ŶС㾹Ȼµ֪ϸǲǶ˼
ҵЦ
Ů˭ϲ㰡С֪ô
һЦݵ𣿿Һ˽⣬һʼʱϳˣΪû֣Сһ˵û˼ҪΪʲôϤأ
Ůʵò˼ҲˣҪСϲ㣬Ҫʲôˣ
ҲĿҵı´أ뿴ķ氡
ҵܿϣŪŮɫ졣
Ů˺һô
һЦװ֪С˭
Ůҵ֪˭ǾͿ׷׷ң
˵ձ˿ȥӯٶȺܿ죬֮
ҶıӰðǾ㿴ҵıˣ
Ӱεĸô˦Ҳ˦ңܿǾܵ󿴣뿴û׷ϣûҵӰΪ˦ңջͷǰȴѾվǰһ£ûעⱻ֦赹ˡ
һͻȻߣһ§סǽĽ˳ƿһ΢ЦСİ
ұڻеŮɫߺ죬˫ֳҵţ΢΢ſ
ŮĺȤҺңԸִЩŮǽ޵˫ͷӡ˫֮ϣŮӶʱһƬհף˫§ҵĲӡ
˿أȥ࣬һŮѾȫ̱һУзųԣ΢΢۾˾ţʱһ
һֻɹһ˻еŮȥҲû΢˺һȻ쳱棬һֻԼӣ
㻹ûķأ
ҵᡣ
ֻŮû֮ǰǻ󵨣ɬĿһ۵û뵽ôɶ񡣼סˣ˼ҽ£
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ǰûΪʹƤֲڵСֵŶԭ°ҳãҲˣ
Դɬ˭׼㺰˼µģ
ҸɴЦҪҽʲôأҾûºˣ½һ
û§һ۵ΪʲôҪ˼ҽ硭ء
ûܼ˵ȥΪٴס˫ֱǵҲŷſһ磡
±ǵѾ֪ϱˣȻҵĶ֣Ҫ磬ǿ˼ңҪ˼ҡ磡
ֵͷҪæ硣
ЦĿڽˣ
ûĵ˵
ˣҲϲ²ղҲԣҵĺµǸ˰ɣ
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ҿݵôأҲҳǱȽϷ˵㣬ߵŮӣҶİǵģҲŪŮ˵ĸ顣
µͷȷӲͬղмǷӾԲ
ֵЦĸԸҵĺ£Ҿ˵ôעҵ£һ˼ˣ
Ųأ˼ֻǶ书ǿ˸Ȥ£Ȥû뵽һμô˼ʹ滵˰
ν˲Ů˲
²мʲô˼Ҫȥˣʱˡ
ʵôͻȥˣ´ʲôʱҰ
ҵĻȻȱСʱȻ㣡
˵ȴһڣȻܿȥˡ΢ЦҡͷСӣ˼ͦ֪µĽзǳиԵŮӣִǸŮǿǣ
ʱҲˣȥ͢ûѶã治֪ʲôҪȻҪŪôˣǺǣҺˡMM¡ˣ´ͷǬûʲôöɡ




016 

͢˹Ȼסһ𣬲һûӣҲһʱ
ӦԪշңŮڿֻӦԪС죬ڴ²
ɻ֪ʲô£Ϊô˵
£Ͷ£Ҳ֪˵£¾Ȼڴǰ޸
͢һеǴô˵Ҫ޸ǱСˣ
»˳Ӧ°͢ĳҹ¶͢Ұˡ
ӦԪõʱ˵ѾС죬»ûɣڵǰԣӮ˾ȢһֱԾˣҲ̫ϲӦҲ书ǿ˳
Цοʧˣûǰʹ书Ҹ˵ڽϣҾʤ˲õģ
ӦԪСܴӮԲġҪ磬һָȥμӣ⣬СҪģ
͢ȥˣ
ҡͷȥ̽һµʵĻû磬ģҲӦù
÷϶ЩֻһӵıڼҵҾˣȻ˵ʲôŮ˵̵΢ͬϾŮͬҲǾţһΪŴŮӾ磡ѹôYYС˵ǻصŴȥ
ڶϣҴӦԪҰŵһЩȥµĸۡµľ¹ǹ󰡣ųҲģǰվ˴żµʿԼһЩŻʿļҽ
ſڵһˣǰӭǳ˰үڸڣӿֱУ룡
ļҽ̷пóңҾֱ˽ȥĽ䱸ͦɭϵʮһڣ岽һڵģڻһСʯ̳ɵľţ»ͦܵ
ţӭӣҴſڣȴſһˣŻԾĸоеȣէĻˣʶ޲֪Цصһңǰλǳ˰ɣԺաϷݣϣܶ׽׽
Ҳע⵽ˣҲһˣµҲȷҸúأ
Ȼһе˼ĵĵʵ̫ˣ룡һȥɣ
淢û࣬ͷҲ٣ԭڣǶúݶңУҲǡһţȻ˵ˣһһЦΧԵ˻డ
Ŵʱ÷һң˫۷ҵķҲʶ࣬ԼԼϯλȥˡ
ŷֵңǰĵҶ𣺡ӣϴһ𣬾ûټˣѵŶء
ϴ˵΢Цŷ̫ˣ
ŽЦ룬Ŷͬϯ
˫ֱȥһϯŮԶעˣӢòͦεģһİ£һɷЩŮӱһѹŪȼżʵĻ档
һǱ°ңǵ㼿ùңŰϯ󣬻ԣ˵ĲˣҲ˵ʲô
ڳˣȴһҵע⣬Ǹ³ŵĸݺӣȳĿ𺣬ӥһɸַ緶һ£ŵĿ϶īߣݲͣˣһƽ
ʱ³ˣ൹ͦΰ30ȴúܺãһ̣ԳԵЦӭңе㲻뿪λ¡
¿ҺЦλǳˣһ˲ţѹŷҲԵˣ
УôĻҰģ治ɫһЦүˣ
ЦһҪúʹ죡
½һֻһ߳ͬ״ķٸ߸𣬱ĹɴڣѩľĶǷģŮ˫̥һģһûͣ͸ıձߵ˾ѣδЦѽ
꣬ŮӰʱ½ܵԽŮ꣬̳ӣ
¾ȻôãһμҾҡϯȻͶ򼵶ʻĽƽ²ؼӣݶɫ
΢Цǳһģһ˶ᱻԵŶ
һҵĻΪҲǸɫ֮ͽҲŮңϾܴ󣬶Ҹ˵书ǿǻ۹ˣ¿ɲûҡ
ҵļϲɽ͸ӣܽύ˲ţʵģ
֪̽һ£Ƿ㣬ŮҵĻٺòˣô˵ҵ»ˣҲЦȻˣǾͶлү˵绨£
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ŮǸӾϲɫȻһƤЦⲻЦĵų۰檣ϧһȻˡԺ͸ųˣ
ҿ۵Ҫ˵ĻֲܷڣԱ˰ɣʵˬߵͷ˸뿪ҿٶ࿴ң̲ס
ŮֻõѾѣԺңҲ˺ˣ
Ůһ˫˫̧ͷңŲΪʲô֪ǵ£ϲãϵ΢ЦǣŮ˼ĵͷ
ҵ֪˭꣬˭ǳһһϲأ
ҰڳһܿյӣŮһӣһЦٻһϯе۷ֱһŮӵӣū꣬
ҿЦǳ̫ˣѷֱأԺϴǣǧְ
Ҳû뵽ôһͣĬȤˣͬЩӣлӣūҽܷ̹ĸˣҡͷҵļУûй֣֮ҵļţǾͶһˣ֪ԺǾҵˣ
Ů˼ңǾøңΪѾˣû뵽һ˵ĻеʵĵлӡūҽֻҪԶڹ߾ˣ
ʱ˹ĵֶŮأŶأ
תţһЦŷ
£еĵĵӶŶѵŶĲ빫ӷۣùӲмһ𣿡
΢Цŵôأò绨ܺӷ˵ˣ¾Ͳˡ
Ů˶ϲ˿ƯҲ⣬ְһ۵˶ϲƭŮҡ
ҺһھƣŴľƻ̫ˣҲܼ򵥣ҲǾƹԾƵҪҲߡ鲻ΪܽϽþȳħצ´ҸǴһɣ
°ôôôҲŲô࣬ϲڴӾʹ
ź棬û뵽ӻɣ
΢Цۣһµŵˡ޾İһʱ֮䣬˶ĵ׷ң֮С
ϽøоǵǴﴫǵİ⣬ůůĸо֮Уİ⽫ΧĴû۰ǻĸоǱܴݲеܵ˱
һܣǵ˵Ŵ֮˶İŮӵ飬ΪİŮӲһУʧˣ֪ѾżεӣӵһμǰӺоȻ˶ǰ񣬴ǴμûκĻ֮
֮Уÿ˵ı鶼һ˶ڵУҲ⣬ƽȴͻȻѹһһ亹ΪԼΪȻҲ˳ԣԷɱϢȥ˫۶ң֪Ҿһ֣֮ϡ
ʵҸû˹¾ƽ˹ֿҲԵֵסǸʥӦòҵӰ죬ԺпһҪȥ
һݵ˵ˣӴӣʵǶùĳ鲻ԽУɷʵǸ߰
Ͻг飬Ŀң˷ãһҶСǺúøĵʱˡҲѹǺݶ֮ɫȻڣֻǵһЩǻһ˿Цǿţе档




017 

ˣֻ۵ĿҴϽã뿪ǰֻ˵ʱпտȥҡҵȻȥˣҿҼƻбȽҪһ
棬ڼҵʿԣʱҼҶϽõϳȥɣ
ŮܹɵС
תŵŷʲô𣿡
ŵ֪ӽпܷŶһأ
ұźú̸̸ģ뵽ϽýңҾǿɲãҡͷ첻Уͷڵңôܶǲܣҵ˸ϣ֪Σ
û뵽һΪϽþܾ룬ԼӦúǰӾȻòȴ޷ĸһԼߵŮӣ
ϽҲû뵽Ȼŷ˵ҶΪǶܾǸж뵽Ժܸӣۡ
ʧ֮飬˵ݷãֿĶˣŶ칧Ӵˣ
òһ¾ȸˣ
˵վ뿪ˣϽм䣬һ§һΪǾܾŷˡʵǶūҽ̫ˡ
ûйϵҶԣҵǲҪģʲôҶںֻҪܿĿ־Ѿ㹻ˣСɵϣ
Ůͷҵļϣأȵ壬ϣҽԺΨһ¿ŰŮȺãǿˡʱ̬Ǳǵӣϣһ£ǱøһЩ
صУ͢һ˰λ˭
͢áҿŮһ𣬾͸ǽܵǽ͸ҵģԺǾǵĽˣ
ҲŮ¸еһЩ˵˳֪Ůڸ裬ŮǷǳϧϽáϽú֣ܿΪЩŮӶôУǶԼҪ̵ӵӣԺԼԺҲЩŮһΪӣܰ¶ӣǾһҸˡ
Цˣʱ䲻ˣ˯ɣ˯˭أ
Ůɫߺ죬ȴһǳڴңﶬ澶ңѵҲ뱻ҳ͢ʱȾһϼ磬ɷ˯
Ŷ͢Ѿ˰ʵ̫ˣˬұס͢ðɣȻԼˣǷҾͲˡ
Ҷ÷ϵǸһ·ɣǸղ£ǺúϢһ
Ů¶ʧɫôףҺĵģԺú۰λ˵ģǲŸµħצ˴ϲ󱯣Ϣһ£Ϻã𣿡
Ů¶Цݵǣӣ
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氮ˣұ˵㶼˵ˡ
ɬĽеɡ
ҹЦϢȥɣ
Ͻø÷ȥˣŮҵģûôҿɲۣԼܸ㶨̾ͺŮȻȥ˯ʱҺ͢
һѺᱧ͢ٺЦҪռŶ
͢һвҳϸĵϧ
ξժ̬ʢϱϽʱȼգ
Ұ͢Уϣȥ˵·̹ԣƤĽӴס͢ԸеС죬̴У׷࣬˫ǶŮ壬͢ǺһŮôǻ˵ĶңұԺ
ڳһֻ֣Ĵǹ⻬ϸļĺɭָ֣ĴĵַѾ͢ӿ
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ֻ֪ܿ߳͢ÿһ񾭣оԼƼһ㣬ƮƮġҰϣϣһֻḧķ۱һֻ˳㷢
͢ȵߵͷؿڡ˻ᣬ̧͢ͷҵ磬ҪȥŸ𣿡
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ŵı֣ټĸоҺаշŮ
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ڶϣ÷ϴˮ÷ţֱӵɣ
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÷ϴȤأѹַ۰
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÷ϵˣ㲻Цˣ׼ˮý﷼ϴһӣ
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͢뷴ǽãҲûˣҲͷſӣƿ˱ӣ˵¶ڿС÷ϰѾ·ڸһº͵ȥˡ
׼㣬ζŵϣŮλú죬̵ô簡׼أһҪúó
ЦǵȻˣҿҪúóء
Ȳĳζ㣬￴ҳԵôζۣϲĻԺ
Цãҿ᲻ǽɶƤã۵ģ
ûϽãʵأ
Ůȴɣûأǰ˯ǵðأڻأ
̾ǰǰԴǣ˯úأϲجξͲˡ
޹ǵСҵܸɣǾҲܸܿ࣡ɣЩŮҸˣ
ŮĿңҸΧңܵõǵķģҸ֣ԸﶬǺĬĬңгſΪŮǵ˻ƷһˣȻܵҵĳš
ŮĸҲȴû˵ʲôֻҪϲĸȻˣҸʱĸ˰ɣȻǲķѾǲɶõŮˡӦԪ԰Ÿҵģܲȥ
ҪȥˣҪշŮǲп»ԭе·ͽ֣ҲǺǰԵˣǺܴأ




018 Ů

ʱΪ͢Ѿҿķ䣬ͣСӣ񳤲ĺӣҾϲڿǣǲǸһŴ󴲣ʱŮ˯һͬߣۣʵ̫ˬˣеYY
ʱ򣬸Ů극˵ŵȺҡȥһҪµĿƣ
ŵֱ˸ȥ˸Ϻ󣬾ҽ˴ȻЩ澻ʱʱ͵ңϾûôÿˣʹõħ󷨣ݵЩŮӡ
õţǽϹвĶǹ͢ɫޣǽĹϰЩɾǹŶõִȥˣ
ʱŵӴ洫ӣŶȺӣ
ƹ磬ֻŲϣ̬УŽư͸£½󳨿һ鹵չǰѩ׵С¶ȹ⣬ǰһСЩľƲˡ
ǳЦӯӯĵŶ˾Ʋˣ
΢һЦԱ
ӣȻŶֻӼΣǹĺŶŶϲӣ
Ŷ֪˵ϲָķ棿ֻϲµһҹǾʹɲˣ
ֱ˵ĵ
һ£û뵽ֱӣеĵĵһ֪ūҵ£ԲŻôǲԣŶֻŮһĻ촦ˡ
ҿڵɫ¹ҲһЩǹ⣬ִҪˡҵȻʵ˵飬ҺҲסҲûйַʲôӿӵкܶŮһͶŮǺܲƽ¡
Ŵסˣû뵽һ˵Ļ˵ԲΪŮ˵ʵǰ΢Ц˲þ֡ҶԣһڸӦ˵ȽרưԵˣϲŮӣҲǰôֻҪҺİңһһ⣬Ǿ㹻ˣ
۾һȻȥϣǰӵŮˣ֪ԼԼϡ
ŵı飬ô²ʲôûȥʵŶϣѿԼˣûԼɣİһ𣿡
ŽһĿңһһܻͷ𣿡
ΣΪʱҪԸԸ⣬Ϊ
ܵġŶ
ҵְǽ޵˫ϣŶɲҪ̫Сҳˣʵ㣬ҴûҶСһѣ
ţҵһЦŶֻҪңԸԸ⣿ڣһܰ¶Ŀƣ
˵ļţи̺ŰԵơ
иӣʾУǰһӸһ˵ĸоȻԼص18ʱŮ飬ǲʵʵģԴǰӳֿʼԼͿʼݽȥˡ
ţ׼ľƣһƣңֹҺȣȴһѾƺȥе㽹ĵȣ˶
һ§ס֪жһͷˡ
żĵΪʲôȣ֪֪ǾкǿĴҩ˽ϾҪŮ˻һֱܰĵҪϵȥˡ
ͷ־жҵĲ²⣬һ°ŵģΪ֪ƻһҲıԡϧ֪ҿǲ¶ģҩҲ£˫޹ҿԽԽо񣬹
ҰοŶģҲ¶ģҩҲû취ģ
ģûƭң
ŵĿҿ֤û˵ѡǵģҵô
ģŶҾûµģһ飬ԸµĿƣһԼ𣿡
ٴʵ
ӸղҺȶʱžͷԼȻ֪аǰӣʧȥİӣ˵ı죬뵽һҧŶԸ⣡ŶҪӦһ󣡡
˵ɣһ㣡
ŶҪŮˣŶϣõİ
ȻҲ²һҵͷһǣȻҴӦŶʵұͺϲŶҲҪŶµĿƣõ˿һ۱§סҵĲӵŶһоͽˣ
һеŴû˰ȹţرϢС
ʱ򣬵õŵˣߺŶҪ㣡
ŰҸĵҪŶŶʱԸɵģҵһƣϣѹȥ̰˫ָű£أѩ׵ĴȲҵʣȥǵĲӣȥ鹵
еȲĽ⿪£˫ͦڿչʾţҽͷУ̰ŵ㣬ļôİˮۣΣ˵ķ飬ֻҪˣ̲סҪռ
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¼йÿһ缡ϡ
۶иͣɡٶŶˡŶҪɣ
ҵЦŶҪʲô
̲סһʹ˲ִеĵֶΣô֪ģͷвֵģǸɫͷͷ硭˭˵ңǵġ֪Сôˣ
̲סˣҵɡŶ桭Ŷÿ顭
ŵĶҪŮ󵨶ˣڴϵŻǷŵҪΪһ˵ĵǰŮ˺󵴸жˬ
ҵͺһŶҽˣ
˵գǹҵķ۶Χʵ̫ˬ̫ˡҵĳͣԽԽ˷ܣԼҲͦӭңҲϱ任ƣʮʣиһһ
һ꣬˵˺üθ߳ÿθ߳ʱоڣǵı˴һõҶİϧҵԼİ֮ˣʲôźʱŷſһС
ϣ˵壬źɫûȫӸ߳лָǸ˵ڴϸ˲԰εռн塣ʱ̧ͷҵɣûʲô𣿡
ЦһµİɣССĴҩѲң
ĵİһ۵㻵ˣŶˣ
ŵĵǲŹģ
ŵӮˣֺܻܿὫͳһְ͸ɣ
ְλҵνˡиҪŶԺҪŶ뿪ԹĵطȥŶԸ𣿡
Ը⡭ȥģŶȥŶѾ벻ˡʵŶҲ֪ǲһֱںģɲͨˡ
ͷһ£ںڵ㷢ЦŶ˽ңŶģߵҶ㡣û㣡
һ£ҵеĵǱҵˣǾԲùģ
űŵˣʶô˵ҪǰˣȻʹİˣҲŹϵŶҲǰˣŶԺֻɣһ˵ĵκˣŶģ
ǺǣҪľЧǱʶҲȫҸղŵĻҿɲᲽĺ󳾣ȻҲֻΪԷһڵžİңҵı£Ҳõ£ٺ٣




019 Ů

һҹڶϣŵССС𴲣ǳûͦƯһˣҲͦΪҴ·ʱҲ˵֮ŮŪɫߺ졣
ŴʱɣǶŶС澣ŶɵˣȻΪɵ檣ҪĻʱԺǻã
΢ЦҡͷԺ˵ɣȽһ絽￴ˣ˻ȥ֪ͨ𣿡
ŽЦɷģŶȻѾ֪ͨɼеĽˣĺˣ
Ǳǰ˹ڡʵ˵һǵһβιۻʹ治Ǹǵģʹ治ݳ޵ĵطˣһʹϾǻʹ͸¶ƾȫͬһϽǵһΰ
ĴתƣһƬĻ԰ʱֻмŮڽмվһͤͤ󸾣ü紺ɽˮģ̬ׯȻַĸ߹ɣеĵŮˡ
ż󸾱ǰݽ㣡
ݽ㣿ݣû뵽ݣʵ̫ˣݿҺϲҺһŮӣֻϧǡҿһҪݵҸ
ݼˣҲǳǳЦˣôпأ
Ŷģ
˵ţűҹʱע⵽һӸöֻǸӷǳÿӢòδһƮݵİɫǳ°ƮԵһȫɢŶصʣ޷ƿ
֪ʹҲ޷ӹҵҿɲ¶һɫ࣬ҵһЦ³ݷˣ
ֱҵݲŴ΢ʧлعɫ΢죬ӯӯʩ书ãѾ˵ˣ
΢΢һЦ»縡ƣֻǹ̶ѣݷ˲
ӱôʣҲĿһ΢һҵĻݵ˵ĻԢ»縡ƣֻṇ̀ݴδ˵ĻĲɹˣ
żݼңȻʧ̬аһۣҲܽݶ˵ӣǲ˵жˣԿԼѡķģ
Һݵ̸ŽЦݽͲôˣһˣһȽϺã͵ģ
ݼҿе㲻˼һǱһǰӿȴֺĸоĿûɫ֮ɫֻ֮⣬˵峺ȴĿ⣬˲һ̽˽˫۾ˡ
ݵһһЦһһͶ㶼˵ĸ߹šҵӡ󼫺ãҵȷɣѴݣҺڲͬҸǺ棬ͬʱҲڲ֪ҵӰ졣
һμݶкøУʵ̫ˣҪúñܵ˺ˣԭݵͺʹǰЦ绨ݣаġ
ݴĻ԰ǽĻʱ˵ԼԻĿ˵⻹ͷӣ˵ʲôҪȥȻȥоֻݣҲѧϰҽĻ
ҶԻֲۣһʱҵѧʶԨˣҲû뵽ҾȻԻҲоĿһգգĿңҿңһǵŶôң
űҵݵǰαӣҲŪɫ΢죬һСŮֻ̬ǰܷǰǸߣԼ
ŵ̧֣ЦЦҲöŰһ۵㲻ãŶݽǰˣ
һ޹ĵҲҵ£ʲôû
еˣĵɲã
ѾٿԼ¶˵СŮ̬ǵСʱЦǳҲûйˣȷǸӣԼҸ
ݿҺһһϵģЦ뵽ԼѾжûôĵЦˣü˰ɡ
żЦø뵽ԼҲŹݽ㣬ҳԼ治ӵ㡣
ݵݽ㣬ҿЦôģҲáǲҲϲɣŶԺͽһɵģǽһɺˣ
ŵĻɫߺ죬΢ãݵúóӿЦˣ
еĿǱҿˣȻһֱΪؽڣϾһŮˣҪ㡣
ѡĬǽֻ΢Ц￴ݵķӦҵԤ֮УҵģӦܴܵĿѾˣõҸʱܵʱˣ
ݴʱֹŵˣñˣȻҪȥˣʱҪǸˣ
Цݽģ书ǿŶţӮ
ݹҵҪСģΪԹһͣǧ⣡
ŵ٩ݽôͿʼ˰
ݱôһ˵ˣֵĿһۣҿŮ̬һ£ĺ
ݺҲʶԼƽʱҪŵÿˣҴֲ˼΢ͷŶˣҵɣ㿴ûа
һعϧϧһƾͺˣ
ݺֵʵҪƸ𣿡
ȻһЦټ˼ˣһͣǲǿ𣿡
ŮͬʱЦݵȤĽأ
ҿ˵ЦݣижǾƲɫ԰
һʫ䣬ŮĿΪ֮һҿһʱʱ䵹磬ҪٹҪȥԡȻҾʹһ͸ݷ˵ļ񣡡
ݾȵӻɣ
ǫֻ֪һݷ˵ʱ
ҡ׵ݲ˼ֻû뵽Ҳɡɷһܸߣϴ
֪ҴӵܸߣеȲĵɣǴϵӣŶϲ
ðҾͿʼˣ
Ҵۣ̫õڱ椣֪ͷ֪˻ô롭
۷ڴߣᴵ޾İһԭҪֵİдŨŨİ⣬Ŀ֮УůУ·ƼգŴء
ЩŮͣеĻվ˫ţźѾ˫˫֮Сһϣ綼ֻ΢żĳ
ãŴӵѹȿڵû뵽ӵ֮ߣʵ̫ˣݸоͶ˰˵ĻʮҸ
˵ɫ΢졣
ݵķѾеˣҵŬȻûа׷ѣֽͨĵкͶİ˵İȥҲͬܣ
дŨŨңû˵ʲôһоڲС̧ͷһµʱҲˣǸȥˣ
ȻݺűȥȽȥˣΪ䣬˵ҪȴҽСơôֹأû취ֻ΢һˣˣ
PS̴һ˿ħַħЧóһƣϴƺãƱ֣һñ˿ƱϸԭϣһóŵƵ棬ָȻ󷭿ĵһҲǸղŵĵڶţƱ˸ղŷŵĵһˡ
ϴƣʱƱϣʱٵĽһ͵ڶŵһͬʱʱŵŵƵ½ǣ΢̧㣬СĴָм䣬ӱǿ΢̧𣬷Ƹ˿ʱִĴָ˳Ϊ΢̧мķ϶ͬʱƷ˿Ȼٷطź󣬷ʱҪ֤Ƶص׷ֿȻȥһŷŵ棬Ϊ˿ǵڶ棬ȻȥһȻΪǸղſơ˿ħе˫ַȻܼ򵥣ǶַҪϸߣܶ˿ħõ˫ַ
ҸʱѧһʱСħЩЩ⣬ȤѿԼ棡




020 ͢Ƚ

Ⱥڴ֮ϣǸϯλǸûʣͦģԵĳҲСԼʶ̽ڣһ
ֻݴɫȵĲ԰ףտ㣬۾Ŀ飬ǿ㣬òãֻӵƬ಻أеζͷ壬ǰԲ󷽣ʮ£Ժ̲ߴ飬ϡϵգã׺ա¡ǳͼǳ
ıϣԱ͢ӦԪԼҲڣɴ˿ɼ⼸Թĵλ
ʱݺҲ˴Ȼϸǰλ˶òĽŷ˺ݷˣŮĵλԶݱھоͺΪؽڣǶչˣоҲ׵Ķö˵
෽ı겻ʮӺݻ󣬷Ŀıֱ͸ɽԳǸԸǿˡ촽ر󣬺ԸУŮˣľǱǿӺǺԸŮˣҲǲǸŪ˽أĺܴ̼YY뵽һߣһλŹװʮŮ÷ǳã̬ͤţԵúľζˣװͷǰˣҸ֧ͷһɫ롣
Χ˶ƺΪٻ˻һû뵽ٻû뵽ٻƯԭȻǺȴڷʵǡ
ʱңıΪż˼£һܹΪ
Ӣ
˶ĵвмȺĵļһ
ʱѾ´֮ϣȷӢһŮԵĹעҲڵʱ㻹ͦŵ𣿿ҲԼ˵ȥˣ
ͷû뵽ССҲһ˽֣
ϵϥµԸΪʹЧ
Цúúãһλǳϵ
ֻеϵ
ﺰ䡭ô뵽ŴȥˡҴǬȡ˽õĽ͹ӣ潣ʻһЩرĻƣ֪ʲô콣۹ûʶɡ
潣ԣ˵ಫ޷ʩչʵγɰҲغˣҲͬˡ
ΪҪԣر׼ϵһýһķ࣬һɴݵĽ˴УһŮԵĹעʵ̫Ӣٷˣһ¸Ʈݿ㡣
ź͢ŨŨİ⣬е㲻˼ɫ΢죬Ȼһ˿֮ɫٻĿĶңұȤرˣĿңһŮӵĳ֮ɫһǿҵĿ⵹еԺˣе֣ڵĿ˵ɣ
վڵϣ΢΢μ
ҺĵͷȻһ˲ţѵð
ͻȻų亹ҲˣзİɣҺ»СһȡǧҰˣյ㣬һ㣡ϵۣˣҶϵĤݼ£һ㣡ңʮƣϵۣŶMYGOD棺SHIT
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ʱãԿʼ
ңıγе룡
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ûаνΪҿΪʲôνǿĳ𣿡
΢ЦֿɱˣҵĽʵʱȻһҪ֣˽죬ǰѾýС֣
ͻȻתڵĺȻȫƴǣƱ֮սɳĴ󽫻й֮˾Һ죬ʱݣӢΰʣûȥע⡣
һδǰѾһԥнֱңտĽȷԹһͣϧҡһת˳Ƶ棬ֱӼסĽУһ齣һתӭҡ
Ľֱţ͢ǵģҲ̲סңҴһЦ࣬Ʈһһת壬ͻȻ콣ʣֻһһȽһ
ڴʱֳ콣һĽϣƽĽУ΢ЦһҵĽ
һȻҿʱͻȻ뵽ס졷Դʵ⾳֮
һӳһͬʱкȵŭڣƾЪ
ƴһĽϣ޷վȡ
һʹ÷ϧ֮ԣţֲ߲ʫһȻɣȫȻ֮˼Ҳͬʱ̧ۡ쳤Х׳ң
ҵĽӰֱ÷ӰУֱе֮ڳʱ˷ʨӺԸǳҼʮǧ·ƺ£
󺧣ҵĽ󿪴ϣÿһƮ죬ǵҵĽʱŷ֣ʮ㣬ıȻ޷Ƚ
ͻȻó÷нǶȼ꣬ڿУأ˳Ƶ𣬷һ뽣ĪСͷձУ
ҵǰͻȻһƬͥճĽоȽϲģȴлĽһһҲ˸оͻأ
ܣδѩӺʱ𣡡
ʹ˺ȻһɢֻһȻֱ֮ԼƾʵҪûôҪ벻ΪʲôûܵҩӰ֧ѾҵĽѾûʱˡ
ݳ̤ƺɽȱ׳־ͺ²Ц̸ūѪ
һֻǰ˽⣬֯һõĽ𻨣޿ţֻصǲпɱ⣬ͻȻڽ֮һзнһתһĻͻȻƿķУ㿪Ľ
ͷʰɽӡڣ
һһڷɵľʣϮʱһ㻹ֵ뷨ûУ˶ˣֻһ⴩壬콣ӰڴʱѾʧˡ
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͢ʮּҸղŵı֣ҸӰͬˣ֪ʲôĻǰİӡݵĿעң֪ҲˣҵӰѾӡķСٻȻСŮȻӢҳô˧аĽ֮ˡ
˫۽ңеĿƺҪƵġͻȻվĵýղʫ׳ɽӣηӢţϷ֣
ԭղֻŮȴûע⵽ֻ꣬ȴ̬Ƿһĺһ׸ǽΰֳֻгսɳеǹƣԱһҲϷһԳ֣
ҲڣԱҪ̬һЩȴʧ䣬ڵϸ˸оȽϴ飬ȴŴ֮硣һǱȽϾģսĴԹعİ塣
λ
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轣ˣӮô˴αԣǾͽڼҴС¼һׯ£ҴԵô˲ţʵ˴֮
ȻȺһأϸǶ⣬ŮʵڲɶãҲ΢ЦҴкпҡʵҹ̸̸ֻºûʱ䡣
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ڼȻź͢һ£͢Ժ󣬴СƢǸ˺ܶ࣬ڵ֪ѾҺ󣬾ڼݺٻҲģݺĵص㲻ʣûа취ֻܹϲһк
ΪͳһְʵҶλøûȤ˵һڣôսıȨֻһְѡ
һŹٻ£ΪҶŮ棬Ըٻ£Ȼһ㽫޵κȥŶԺŶƺˣ˼ܻܿͼ޴󽫾͹˵һʯҰٻԹһ޵κȥ




021 

ʵǺܿģСӣڱˣҴŮ˵⣬ˣǵģ
û뵽ԺPARTY~ŪôǵģһȥŮء
ɫôڣϣһ§͢һ§Ŷǣָǵ壬ʵˬŮҲǶҵ˫е˫Ĺȡ
ŶŪɫ죬ɽı̫ˣʹĽһ㣬ȴôĳšŶҲ˵壬֮ŶȲŶ
͢Ҳǰʵ̫͢Ҳܵ룡
һЦǻףҿʱʱ̶̿Ǻúÿأٺ٣
ҵŮ½Ƿ˫壬ָʵ̫ˣƤôϸ廬ۣͻȻ뵽ӦЩĤƷʲôĸŮŮ˶Ưһ˵ģҵǬеǣңͷû·ôŮ˵ĶȥͷʲôҿΪ룬㿴ôţó˰ɣңҲˡлˡ
ŮʱͻȻиоΣաûʲôΧҵı£Ҫ鷳ˣֱ
ͻȻſŮŮɻĿʵôˣ
΢һЦûʲô£ҵȥһ£
ͣͬʱŮڳҸ˳Ѷŵҳû߼ʱͻȻεİవٶȼ죬ǻ
ֱңһ֣Ʈʹ񹦣һӾͽаɣʵû㹻סΪŮİȫȻǽȫˣ
ҵаʱͻȻֻһӰͻȻǰʯ֮䣬һѶֱ̽ңǶȺǵ죬ʵ޷׽͸
ǿһڹһڽҸоκɱ⣬Ҳ˵˲ɱңҵҿ˺ӰģӦǸŮˣɫƽҹ£ɡжϣŮ˳þԲ
ҽеۣΣհСǣ
ұָϬһָרиֱʵǾӼУرȫ书
УֱҳʵеĽ˫ָһ¾ͼס˽Ůû뵽һ㶼ûԻȴ֮⣬ͻȻһָгϧô
ҼĽ΢ˣͺǿճסһңôǡı˭ģ棺գңȭûܳҴǣ
Ů͸¶˼飬û뵽Ȼ޷ҵָ̫ԭĽԲһתͬʱٳ֣ΣͻȻӡҵţǽȴǣ΢΢һŤжƾͬʱ˫ָһĶֶ̽
һ˿˳ֻӳһ磬ϵĺɴп̽һתסûֻǿңҲһͷϵԺ󣬴Ϊ˷ɣòȴӢƳݣȻǾŮӣҲǲɶõŮһʡ
ʵ˵ĺ֮ǰмº񣬶ǳӢ˾÷ǳǿǿŶصͻȻ뵽һˣ԰ᣬᰡѹҴϸоµӰӣǽ
֪ݣֲ̽ң΢ЦŵͻȻʲô𣿡
Խһָ裿Ȼø𣿡
ҡͷЦǣҲµģҲǵһμأ֪ʲô£
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һΪ£ȻΪ㣡Ϊ㣬Ҫ˵ץˣֻҪԸ⣬ʱһΪɱﵥʲô˶У
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ͻȻ뵽Լô룬ѵϣǰӵߣһ¹õķû뵽ԼҲҪݽȥˡ
ûɫ΢еı飬ǰڻУһ㱨𣬲ҪôصĵӶѹԼϣ
῿һ΢һᣬҵĻϻָ䵭飬ҵʱȲɱ£Ӧµüǵã
Ȼֻᴵһ¿ڣһƥɫĿ˳ֻһ˲䣬۽͵һۡ
ҿŶᣡһ㱨ȢΪ޵ģкĿ뿪һصŶʵɣôˣղźд
͢ҲĿңҰ§һһһµû£Ҳһҵʵѡĺˣ
˵꣬еȲֵ̽ǵ½ڣ˫ϵ٣ŪŮߺ졣
ȰŶͻ˷˸еԹңģܿͲҪˣȫһһʶŶҿûֹͣѾʶˣȻҾʹ͢صУΪʱȽˣŮ˯ˣôȻΪˣҿɲ̫ˣҶǹһ˾˯ҾʹƨƨŶֵŮߺ졣
˿ֻ澺û˯Ҷǵôǲ˯ۻô죡Թ˯ȥӯԡ׼ˮȹӻԡº˯ɰɣ
Ҳã˳Ƕ˰ɣһ뵽ϲ֪¶˵Цٺ٣
ŮЦݣе㲻˼澵ǺڴܳǡҲڴ͢Ҳ˷ܣ
̣Ҵ͢ͽûԡû뵽󣬿ԺŮϴԧԡˣѵ·ȳƵļչŮǰʱз˳ԣѾ͢Ҳǣ
ԡУŮܿѹԼˮߣҳˮĦʵ̫ˣ̲סŮǶ˵ϣԡ˫ҵĺҶߴɣҪūǺ𣿡
ʵҲ̲סˣҲˣȰǰķ׼۶ֱȥ˷ܵŤԼӭңιķ˫ϣֱͦ룬
ѷϿֵĸ߳ҾҪ͢˺ŮŵҲ̲סˣ棬ѹ·׷ˮѰҵĻȷұʹһˣûֹǣŬս͢ϣŮͦǵ˵Ħң͢Ҳˡ
ҸŮӺʱԶ˫ޣǾȣϽﶬŮѹ£ʼһսŮһشɫ
Ůȫǻ˯ȥֻҾˣҰǶԼķ䣬ǸԼһĴʱͬߣжˬ




022 ֮

ҪȥνͳһְҲֵУȥݷһ¹ңһ𣬷һҪ뿪ԹģعҵĿ꣡
ѾΪ㣬÷澴ɨţǼңҲǸɻǼ֣ҲͲ˵ʲôˣŮԾǺãĸѾͷҲôŪôۣǣҲ֪˯ᡣ
̷ԣץֱ֣һǣ͢ǻ˯
Цɺģڶ˴ӯҲǿģǶ˯ᣬǶ˵ɡ
ЦǣҲ̫ˣػľͽˣߵȷɾˣ
Ҹġ֪ϧǣ̺ͽ֪
͢Ƕ˺ҰǽеһҲڣЦǵö
˵óһȫƿƿ޹ޡ
÷ϺĵʲôӲʲôһЦЩлƷЩϴҺϴ̣ŶЩ
ҸŮһһЩ÷ã֪Щȫ׵ĺöŮȲԣȻҲʹʱ䣬ʲôʱһΡ澱Ůط俪ʼоֳֻһţ΢ҡͷôСŮһǿɰ
ûŶֶһŮþǿ죬֪ŶҲҵŮˣŮĻ˵ȻԼҽõȻÿŮϿʼƼЩ͢ȲĸŶ⡣
µһߣҡݺݡĵǲǵķˣһ߲ˣ
ŮҽЦţһʱݿʻһ޶Ŀһͬ飬̬ͬЦݣҿöˣеӦӲϾĸоˡ
ŶЦ˰ɣǿǲҽأûõģ
ߵŮм䣬ÿһһ飬ҲŹȻЩǸԼҵõģҲǸЩõģܸˣ
ҿɲ뱻һȺŮ׷ҪƷʲôġ
͢Ц֪磡ǵģôø߱˸أ
͢ϹһµˣҽҪȥ˹ңǽǾͺúһ¸飡
ŮȥӦԪϣҰŶҵĹڼҺ͹°ŵļϸǣһŶõCOPYһݸϡ˵ŶǰȻôһ⣬ǷֲCOPYᣬ뵱ʱΪԼԺĻ·ȻҪһݶ֤Լİȫڵʡ͵ˡ
ݵǼϸ𣿡
ҵͷӦòģҴȥ˹ң͹̸̸֮ôҲڰжֽţҵĴң
ӦԪʵСа˵ң
һЦ粻֮࣬׼ɹ
С˵˼ãͽСɣˣ˵ʱˣСú
Ц
̸Ҿ;ֱȥңֻҪ˵˹ңʱͺðˣ
Խɽɽһɽ·ֱͨϣΧľ֣⵹һ뵽ǰͷһסıˣǱҲɽС·ֻլ¥ͦƵĸо
ɽĹɽׯﻷҲͦţɽˮģŰز죬ׯǽܸߣʱʱѲߣһۿЩ˵װǷǳҲġ
ҵſȥ˲ҵȥͨϵǣӭҵģȻһȺŮˣͷλŮԼʮ꣬ˣʮ崿쵰ˮģһ˿ЦһƯɫ󷽵ȹȻ·ϼȻŵĲȷһҹ̬
һЩѾŮеˣ֪ͨݣôܳ˸Ů
ŮǰŴЦ֪λǷǳ裬ӣ
ѯʣȻзȵĻǳ裬֪Сǣ
Ů˵ʱңһʣӹȻ紫һӢСŮӹӣ
ŶԭǹƯԭûкһ𷴶޸԰Ҿûͦϧġ
ЦڿǺĴˣڵǰԣ۽磬ʱûٵͺˣǾܶĿóӵķˣ
ԭҲˣҶûע⣬û취ʱ͢ŶΧңҿһ̶ûͣ
ҵСˣ
һ˳ҵģ빫Ӹ
ŹʹֻѾԱ߻һЩˡֻݵ룡ӦϷȥӭӣСŮһҪȥӭӳӣŮˣüˣ
ߺôڳǰ˵
ǸŮһһϣǻ֪ô£϶ǹݷֹ˼ҲϣܽǵĹϵȻһõķˡ
΢ЦܵСʵܳ
һ˲ţ书ǿֻСŮ䲻ϳأ
ĻҵĻ⣬Ϲң˳Ȣ˹ҲҿҴ⣬һʱķġ
˵Ц˸ʱˣݵҪϣ
Ҵ˸ɫݣȻףгһЩ˳ȥгȥˡʼԸ⣬һ䣺ôˣȻ̸ºһó
뿪ˡ
ݴҺͼĸһ䷿УݿڵлֱԣＸ˶Ϸĸģ
ҵͷǶעʱѾ䣬ֹȥκη紵ݶҡ
ɫǷ֮ڼףҲ鵽ڼѪͳ
ݴ󾪣ϾǾ˵ˣûоı飬һ۵ϷԳʵӣȷ£
΢΢һЦСˡйõģΪҲẦң˵ңڼңǹͬһϵģ
üͷһ岻Ǻ׵ĵСĻϷʵڲ̫ס
ףֻСΪϣȷҵ뷨ҵȻĹǣֱ˵ĵҲ뿪Թ
¿Ǿˣɵĵм£Ҳ̫
ǰڹмϸ¸ǣȻҲ˹ڹҵĹϵ档
Ӧڹڵľ棬ʵӦ»˵һǣƣЩ벻˵ôףǴˣӦףᣬԲ飡
ҰύʵôȻ֪һ˼Ҳôһ㣬벻Ȼôܵڵĵλ
ҲڹҰϵ¸˹ݣһݱʾԸȢȻеλζҵͦϲԭУҿǹҲ⣬Ӧ˵һãԺԭ޸԰ȢܸҸ




023 ɾԪ

̸ݵǴˣ֪ҵĴ㣬ңҶӣҵ̸ܻһ£ҲʱԼеĴ˵Ȼǹ׼뿪ԹĴ㣬ԼδһЩ㡣
ҳ󣬹ңһҳе˷ܵǰ̸𣿡
΢Цͷǰ
ʵǵʲôأ̸ʲô
ЦȻǹǹСˣ
˻Ϊߺ죬ҿֻĵĸ˵𡭡
뵽ԭ˵ģΪʲôʱŮôһļϣӣؼͨѶ⣬һ֮Ե֮աʱŮԼǵӣȻϣһĴŮӣһܻܿᱻȥλƷҽ޸ңģΪ㣬ķѾ
ЦС㣬ҪȸˣԺеǻټ棡
ͳӰɣ
е㲻ңܿݻ׼޸ҵĴ㡣Ȼλڼң˳Ҳһ˱ϣֻҪҺðҸ㹻ˣ˵ҵ̬ȣɵҲóǴ⡣Ҳ̾ʱŮӵĵλ̫ͣƷһ
뿪ԽɽĹɽׯּСϣͻȻоɱȻܵһǸоˣӦþұȽԶҸȻҲܸȻȻ֮ɱΪǣȻ֮ϲ׽
ҵ뿴ʲôˣҲûߣ磬ʩչṦּϴȥһҾ͵˴򶷵ĵط
ʱֻһȺΧһˣǸ鲼µˣ˫㣬θߴòӣɫƽһȴһѶصľݵȺдСҷȺһˣϸһ˾Ȼƽ
ƽЩˣٿˣĻ֪˭һīԪˡԪڵīӽȷﵽ¯ĵزЩָ˲ƽ޷ԪڣνսȦ֮С
ƽĽҲǷ֮ԪϳԽѾ֮ǰôˡƽԪںȵԪڣֻҪ㽻һһ
ԪڲмǲὫˣ
ƽӴƣԪʹīӽеĹؼ汸סϮĽͬʱŻ
ҿˣȥԪھ޷ֵˣֻԪ϶˼ˣһƽмƣѾѪͬʱôʵǿĽִ˵زʵס
Ҳԥۣ¾ŽһƽʽǿĽ˲͸ǰļˣһĺۼŵغһմƣ˲伸˱㱻ƾ͸Ķ
Ҳ»ڣ˵ƽͲʲôˣɵʡԺ鷳ƽһˣϴֱ뿪
ܿûôףһкŲƣڿ˲Ƶƽǰƽὣīӽңеһתһд꽣ʽסĽһת꿪ƽ̻ԽһΪ
Ҿ͵У¾Žǿ͵ĽıԹΪأõķرǹԾУһеʽһתһƽصĽϣƽһ𿪣д󺧡
ƽԵΪó֯һƽֻҲκο϶ҵĵͻȻһƬдʱͷһ㣬һĴ̳һƽýû̧ȥһҵĵѾȵؿڡ
ƽߵķݣֱɳȥ˵ϣ˫Ҳûк£͸¶ǲ˼;
ԪڴʱѾʰЩ֣һԵϢϢҿƽĶԾҽƽԪߣƵıϣڣԪڵˡܿ죬Ԫھͻָˡ
ԪڸмĵлСֵ֪ܳСֵܽʲô
һֵ·ƽεˣ³裡
ǰǻԪҵֺԴȵԭǳ裿Ӣ۳ꡣԪڣīлӡͳһīû뵽ƽȻҵ
ԪڵǺңЩҡͷīлᣬһеģǵͦõģֻЩ̫ʵʡֲƸȣʵ֣ʷǰڽʤ̭ͷȻ򡣡
ԪҵĻһеЦʵ˵Ҳеθ۲飬ոı뷨Ҫ̫ƽΨһķ֮𣬰һͳ£ֻһͳµ˲ʵīŵ룬ʵµĴ
ȷԪֲһȥɣʱסǰɡԪ˵ģŲúܾþʵ֣һһǿĹҳͳһºϾñط֣־ñغϡҰ룬Ȼع
Ϊʲô˿϶
ʱ˺ͣعǿʢĹңعԺһһλ۲ŴԵʱͳһָտɴʱԪ־ʵ´ͬ룡
Բɵ
ðɣҹʱҳ֣һҪʱֵĻ
Ԫڲһӽҵ뷨ˡҲҲֻ˳ְûԪڣƾҵıѵܸʼ
ԪڣȥŮɣٺ٣
صңҿĵĺһˣ
÷˳ĵλ㣬ܾˣ
ɻңŮˣˡȥɡ
ƫһˣҿˣû뵽ҵ˾Ȼ£ãԻһ¸飡
Цӭȥԭҵĺ°ô˰
¼ˣô˵м˭ֻǹʣǲҹ㰡
ҵͷȷҹңôˣ
ԸǱ𣿡
ȻΪ㣬ֻС˼ѣ
ɫ˵¿һ۵˵ǿϸˡ
ұסǰõĳϣҵĺ¿ɱŶ
²ȻͬˣǲҲͬ⡣
ұߵ£ϲģҸᣬҲԼһᣬ𣿡
±˫嶥ҵţұд̼û뵽ͦƽʱпء
°һ۵㶼˼ˣֻ
Ц´ӦˣǺǣ
дŵĵѾ˵ڵǰԵľϧûۿʵ̫ˣΪʲôˣһμ˼Ҿǿǣ˼Ҵһ̿ʼˡ
Цһô
»ûӦҾȥĺܸŮҪ߲٣ֻҪ΢ͷǵǽ޵˫
ֱǵ촭ҲŷſǱǵú׵˫˼ҿ촭ˣǵģ
ҵЦ˲𣿡
˼ȷ£Ҳ˳㣡㺦ġ˼㡭
¾СŮ̬ʵǱһ顣
Ѿ˵ˣѾʼңҾǰԣҵ¼һ˳ȥʱŮǺܳӢ۵ģ飬˼֮ˣҲѾûʲô⣬ֻҪˣļǳԲȶΣĽ൱ˡ




024 ǳ

ȻŮ͢ҷɧΪҴӦҪ书ȽæҲûע⣬ҵħצ£͢Ū鶯糱Ҳ̲סˣʱµĶȼҸɴ౧͢ңȻ̣Ҳܲˡ
ʵ̫ǿˣҲ˽ҺֳɵĴǬУÿʹãʼһˣһֱŮɵϣŴͬ˯ȥ
ڶ죬ҸŮȥ֣Ůļˣ׷ȥ磬ŮӶϲ֣⵹ǲֹŴִ
ҴŮԼڼһЩʿȻӦԪɸҵʿˣ˵ʵһȺŮڽϹ仹ǺţԱЩ֪ݲͨҲûʲô۵š
·ǵŶʵŶҰ
ŶҵūȥǶūϴʻؾˣŶӦɣȻŶˣ
ЦҵĺŶΪǺúù֣
ŶСŮһ˷ܵĽеðˣ
ĴĿĵĹţʱŮͻȻеɣ㿴
Ů˵ķȥֻһԼʮģһýĴ󺺣һͬҲڰΧһЩýԿţͣֻǴ󺺣һƵˣʱһٸˡ
ɣܲܰǣǺÿ
һЦҪú÷̷Ŷ
һɵġ
ãҾͰǵúʰЩһ

߽ʱſֻ֮ŮԵķ飬һԻ˵۾ԣӳһ㣬΢촽ЩĵĿȴγһֵǵҰԺջ伫Ը̴ڣ΢䣬ʹ˸еҪѱסҴŵ°͸Ҳ֣ķˡ
ʵ˵ǸԸеֻҪ˶̲סϴֻʹĻ֮һġĵӣ켧뼸λһȥүˣ
һվֻĵͦݣһĸ㣬Ƿӣ͸ŲĿҲȥǼ
ǽ켧ס˵ˣĻ
ԱһҲǲ޿κΡŮ˽켧꾹ȻѵӮôﲻһǲǸ˰
켧켧λȥүСӲ£
ǽСʵߣǱסҲ֪޲¡
ʱͻȻһдԵȱߣ켧ԴһҲƲ˫ˣһһµӣòӢٷ磬ϹŵЦݣȫɢƮʣȴ쳣Լ켧иǷ֮ɫû˵ӣֻͶĻַ
켧͸¶ϢȻóһ۱㿴켧ǸĹ֮ˣҲ˵ǿŮͼįˣԭڹͨ飬ʵҲȫϾҲֻһҪ˰Ůˡ
Щִһʲôˣү㵣𣡡
ţû뵽ڵѾȫĿƣôڣҲԸţԽ켧ȥйһ£û뵽ҡ
΢΢һЦҸԿˣ
Щһɿ֣켧һߣǡȻ֪ΪʲôӮԭ鲻ͬΪƽпռ䣬ҲΪҵĵ仯ɡ
ʹ貨΢ͬʱʹ̫ȭȻţýңһԲǵĽƴϣᣬǱƵȫ˳ȥʣµЩΧסңʮѽҡԱߵ켧Ƕľս켧ǳر뵽ҵ
ҴһЦһԾ֮ߣ˫ǰһתкȵǬŲƣ
Щ˵Ľסһȫַǰ˫һЩȫһƮЩҲֱӵ
Щȫסˣ˫۷ȵĹâ˫ֱЦȥ£˵ҳҪ켧ĸһ棬Ͳˣ
Щһǳ裬Ǵһ֪ԲҵĶ֣̻ˡܵǰĵǳ裿̫ˣʵ̫ˣ
ŮҲ˹켧ôŮҲһ֪ҵݺоȻһ꣬Ȼӯӯʩū켧ӣӴ
ǸС꼱ҽܵҽ̫ˣҳ˵֣
һҲ˷ܵҽܵҽƣ㣬Ƕ˵
ȻˣӮֻôﲻһšŶԣơˡ
÷Ҹط̸ɣ
ҵͷõģ켧ɣ
켧ȻһЦãūҶӵģ룡
켧еߵģ̬˺޲ϴúûһ
ңֻҪԼ룬ͲʲôоҴһһݣ켧ҽһǵ£ºԭһ켧ȥޣֻΪʲôôɣǵĶĿҲͲ켧ܵˡ
֣صĶҵѧ书Ҳȥˣ
켧Ϊúõ㣬Լ취뿪ȻòȥǣҲ⡣˵ǸƵҲҲҪ
켧ֵһͶԳ˵Щ
ֵ̬Ǳз飬ҾȻеYYʼ֮ĸˣԭлصع³ǿҵǼįͣҵı£ֻҪϹһδõħ󷨣֤ԺԶңٷŵˣֻ
ˣȸ㶨ʼʰɣ۹Ȼóȷеֻ֮࣬ںܲԣڵûļͻСڿʼĻӦòٲϱ֮·
ҿҵôĳȣҾǺеäĿݵĸоôҲãҽǣ
뵽ҵȻˣҿΪͽ书ѧҪԺܶͷģ²£
켧Ͳÿ˵Ӷһ飬ںҲͲõģǵ̫ðɣ̫鷳ˣ
Ұֵûйϵ켧˲⣬ҾֱӽССƺˣԺǻסȥɣܷǣƴˣ
켧ǾͶлˣǻллӣ
ССͬлʦ
û뵽ҽ쵹ʦˣȻʼʵԭ鲻̫һҲûϵˣ




025 ־

켧ĸӺСƻص˸ǰס֪½ôҲѪɣٺ٣
쿪ʼұССƣҰŶҲӵֱӴסĵطúܣŶŮҲСǶˣŶ˵Ǿޣϲ;ܺǻáڿûգԺ˵ɡͻȻŮ˺ܶ࡭
ڶҾͰССƽҶǵ쿪ʼҾҪǳ
뵽˫˫ĳɳ
Сʵʲô书
ҵ书ܼǵǱ
Сɻ书ʲôã
СҲңЦܸǵ壬ǵǱȻҿԽ̳һ֣ΪʦĸҪԼָֻǷ򣡡
ҽǼͼǣȥ򣬵ȻͼѾҸĹˣ׶ˡ
һȥϢȥ÷ϸݺõĲ裬ǳСʱ켧߹ʱŮ·Ҳǳʵ˵켧ǸŮˣʱһ̲סһ׷
켧ߺʵڸʲôأ
ѧҽ̸ǵֻһһַм䶼ҪԼֻǲܴԼѧܳԽһֳΪʦĸ֣
ҵĵ
켧Цӽ˷Ƕأ켧õҲĺеأ
ԶСŬо켧ͻȻʧȥƽ⣬Ҫˣһ§סϸˮ߰֫Ҳ˳ƵһС
Ҹҿ϶켧ǹģǶ˵ңҺˬ켧΢̧ͷĵлӣղ켧̫Сˣ¶һ˵΢Ц˲ضлôۿŷ˵أ
ҿСǺѾջˣ켧ˣҪȥСˣ˿лȥϢ
е㲻ſ壬Сǣ켧ĿңŵʧǿȻ߿ȥСԱߵôˣ
ʦѾˣǲ
ССƵȷܴǰЩڵȻҰǣóڵΪȴøǽ붨״̬
ǵұ䣬ѾܸоڸССƣұ㿪ʼȽһЩ򵥵ѧǡ
չʾһ׼򵥵ȭǴһ£ȻҪסʽģǻģҪ䶯ҴȽǶ¾Ž׽ɰʤʤУ
һ֦ʾһ¾ŽҲҪѧᣬҪĸоʽճһҵԼһ飬סȥʽҪ⾳
ǣ
˻شǶ֦ҸղŵĶżǻһЩԼĶǿʼʹʽѾᵽˣҺ⡣ȻҲһָù鹦ڳǵĸ졣
˷ܵܵߣСʦǲ
ʵǵҸղʹʽô𣿡
Сƴˣ
ҹЦãʽ˾ˣΪѾᵽ⾳ǱʽáסپʽҲ˴ģ˴ľһ
СС⣬ӦöѾһҿǵСе֪֮࣡𣿡
СˣļǵԺöþͿܳΪӣȻǾ
С˼˵ʦô֪ģѵʦδ֪
ЦҲ࣬һᲷԤ
С۾ģʦˣܳΪһҪ˶ܹϺӣҲЩѹգ
͵С־ǳãĻҪסܸκˣֻ֪ҲҪ˵ҲΪҵİȫ룡
Сͷ׵ģʦ
ҿһСƣýΪӢϴеӢ±ȽϳȣҶСƵСƣʲǴ֮ţʱҪС£
СƱСе֮࣬ҲΪˣû뵽ҾȻǽţҲǼСƵҳΪ󽫾һС
ǶҵĻŲɣĿоһĴˣСӺ׳ôˡ
СҪסˣҪһҪΪһʾۣˮˮۣܸۣҪм仰𣿡
ףСһμסʦĽ̵
ҵͷֻҪʱ̼žˣǾԣ㣬޷Ϊһõľģ
һµҽ书ͬʱҲСһЩι֮ԼһЩ˼룬СҲԱѧϰһ£ȻҲһЩǴ֮ţҪսɳ
ССƵлʦ࣡
һ۾ܿóССͲˣӵе֮ǲƽģСĽͳ˧ʱˣԸ㣬عһλ岢еˣ
뵽켧ʵ˵ڻԥ׸òðˣȷҺĶϾСʦҾˣСǻô룬ŮҲ֪᲻ҷʵ̫û鷳ӦСΪϡ
ڹҾҪ̸ܻһʱҲðҵĴ˵ȻȰδѣ




026 ͳ

һֱСС书ͬʱҲЩȽι֮ԼӱʲôġȻ켧ʱʱĻңֻеԥȻҲռռˣҲûʲô֮¡
ʵҲ֪ǣЩŮСôģҲ֪ҽӣͳҪˣѾ·ʵ˵Ҳϲ·ҴҲûԼ·Ҿû
Уȥݣ֪ǲҲңеYY޹ȥҺͳ죬Ȼû·һƣͨ衣
ݹʱȥͨû뵽ٻҲڣٻſĵɫҶһЦû뵽ٻҲã
ݺŮӺã
ٻٻӣ
Ҳݷˣٻ
ʵӽ֪к£
΢Цû¾Ͳݷݷˣ
ݱ˵ɫ΢죬ȴûжҲ֪ɹǵЦݷ˱⡣ʵεģǽͳˣ
һֱעҵٻϲӣӵյǰԵӰֱڻӡٻС
ٻ˵ĺᣬҲܲ˼˫շ죬ʵǺܿɰٻҼ
ǹˣٻĲ֪Ůֻ뵽ٻҪּ޵κʵǡ
Цٻ̫ˣٻҲݷ˴𣿡
ٻСٻпʱ
ԵǧᣬԵ治ʶݷˣٻӦǺԵأ
ҺǺЦ
Ů˵ʫ䣬ĿΪ֮һٻû뵽ĲҲ֮ã䣬ٻδŹ
ٻԽԽкøˣٺ٣ݴʱˣˣȥȻҪˣ
ʵǿҴ⣬վٻҪ޵κٻݵ̫ʣԼǷҲѾݽȥˡ
ٻǱȽϵʱȷе㲻ĶҵӣٻȻȥˣ
ҺЦٻ룡пٻ̸һ
ٻ뿪ˣֻʣҺˡ鿴ݣڣֲ̧ҡ
ߵԣ̧գиж¶һ꣬ʤȴ˼
˺һ̧ңȴѾȵĿⶢݣĵӿɷҪݡ
֪ݷΪؽڣ˾壬Ƿ˸һŮˣҪ㣬չ㣡ڹ̫ˣ÷˵ڴˣĺܲģ
ݲ֪˵ʲôΪ¹ײ֪ԼѾ԰εıһֱΪؽڣ
ʱֳһӺİԵһݵľУͷס˫ݻһԵǵҵͷһ˲䣬һƬհףҲ֮С
뿪Ǻ׵˫ʱݲѹƿңɫ죬΢ӣ㲻Ҫݵ࡭
һӻ޷ңҲףֻǸȻǸݷˡұȸˣһȥΣ
ῴһۣҾ;ֱ뿪ˡݵĿעȥıӰĺìܣ֪ǺãҵĸͶؽڣ߼尾ǷŲԼֱһ£ȫſͶҵĻС
΢еƵ뿪ݵ޹ڹл԰ʵκܼ򵥣ȥһ£˴Ϥһ¾ˡȴͻȻһЩ۸⼸ꡣ
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Щһ㣬Ǵͷ۸˵عңŭʲô˸Ҷ£
Ӵͦ׵𣿲ҿˣҶļһɲͲ󣬾ѾˣԺ󳤴˵ãѵѵ
ԱҼŭҲǼ۸ˣЩһתĿ꣬ܣҽеȻҹҵ£㲻֪ǡ
ͻȻγǰû˵껰ѾΧǼǻ˸򵹣Ҵ˼£ʹڵءʹ㣡㾹ȻҴң
ݵǲˣͻȻɫü䣬һЩ˺һսûиһ𣿡걻ŵˣܿȥͷе㡭ãҲŹġţ
ŶһأСӲѵһ£˻ΪΪ
ĵطĸͳ˽һ񣬻ҵͳڹҪСģͳÿЩŮӻͳˣ
ԭоѾ֪ϾЩŮڹмįͣ
ĴϤʱȴͻȻղűҽѵЩĴѰң꿴ʱЩǸͳŵõپΪʲôǣͳǧپȻǵСˣ
ԭپѹپôҶܲپǰָҽ
ǻһվһҾͿҵݵԭǳͳ죡
پһû뵽Ҿͷʢĳ裬ΪԼپңǶǸ㻹ŸĸҪǴȥ
ǻͳ죬Ҫ㣬ˣ
΢΢һЦҸȥ߰ɣ
پǳôˣ
ҸмֱЩţһ·Ϻܶ๬ɶҴۣдŵĿҪƵģҺ°
һΰĹǰЩͣپֱӽȥˣҪҽȥһûֱ빬ڣֻǰ̨ϵıϣߡ˸ģŮپԱߡ̨վŶʮ׳ţʿһ֪ӹ֡
Цô̰ôϲһ㵽ϣظңУپԸңһǣ




027 

ҶԾμ󣡡
پеĸңĸһҪΪҳ
Ŀңη壬ֻǵȻš
ҵݣñͶſľ¹ײϻŭ裬˶پ񣬿֪
ҲԵղ¼پСԲųֽѵ֪پ
پе㣡
ʵд£
پžֵĸ˵Ϊҳ
üţʵңپͻȻ뵽һ취˵ɣѡ˳ʤˣǾͲ裬򽻸ͷ
پô˵Ҫһˣ
ЩʿȻôͣвʣȻ˵书ǿǲûۼȻֻΪǴŶѡ
ҺЦô鷳ˣǶʮȫϰɣʡ鷳Щɿʮעң˭̫Ӣǣ
پȻкõãô죡
Щʿû뵽˴Բѣ׷ŭ򣬾Ҳû룬ⷴʹҸ˼ˣȻǾͺͳͳһ£
ЩʿϽΧһһֱһһӣһŮΪ֮㵹
Щʿϳǰмſǿ׳ֱۣͻȻסҡסңҺһ̧һţһ̤ڵأЩƿһȻڡ
ңֱȭһȭҵؿڣȴҵľֱӷȥɳȥЦ湻ˣֵˣ
ҺһһЩסҵˣȫɣҶƮݣ˲Ʈǰ񹦣һȭؿڣϱһɣź漸ȫײɵһԣվվ
ұϮһԾϣеֱӹͷ̻ϧһת壬һǰкȵһǬ
ǿƾȫɣкüײԶǽϣ徹Ȼ˽ȥȻֻõ͸壬ǽݽȥЩǻԣûʲô󰭡
Щû赹ʿһѾҴҸֶٰվǰپĿɿڴЩɿ¹ײĿѣԡ
ʱˣ¾ʹգ
پʵڲţǵĸ󣡡
ü¾ʹգٺ֣
漴˻ˣپ뿪
̨ףǰҸͦģӢݣͳ·ŪˣǳҴͳ쵽˷ͳԡһ
ĻǼϲȻˣٺ٣ҲġǲǺˬܰȡٺ٣ԭﾧһֱ䣬ȷˡЦǾ鷳󣡡
֧Щ˵Ȼ⣬ҴĺУֵǾȻûʲôڣѵнĴ㡣һԡشҷ漸ûʲôˣͳҪԡ𣿡
˵ǣҿԡʱߵ󣬽ұܸоǷ˫壬Ħҵı٣û뵽ҵһ͵龹ȻǸ󣬻˵ˬ
һתԵİס̰סӣ˱࣬ǼįͣסңңѰ̼ǱϺе㻵Цó󣡡
ĵĺһ۵ѾȲˣͳ̲ãҪͷͳˣ
һѱֱӽԡأϵˮϣʹ壬֣ҿٵĽ˵·ȥ
̹ԣӣָžǷͦ˫壬ִ
ҵķˮжž۶ĦţҪūˣ
ߵɣԺҵŮˣ𣿡
˵ʱԼľϾ澭ڵ󷨣ΪϵĿʧңֻɣūң죡
һɹˣȻϵˣҲԥǿĶǾÿ۶Уĳ֪ŮˣҪԸ¡Ĵеٴֱһ㡭
Ľдô󡭡ȼ֮Ѿ˽磬ȻɾҪ˷Ҹ͵ˣ͵ĿҵǵһΣ˵ˬ
Ҳʧھġ֮ڣɫȼŮҪƯ٣ΪԼϵԭĿвͬ
תڵĵħ󷨣ҪȫңΪҵŮˣڹ˽мĺôԺֲôõģҸ
һشɫҽɵұ΢ϢһᣬҿԵĵԺҵŮˣ֪𣿡һгԵĵ֪ԺūҾɵˣһжɵġ
󷨼ϵħ󷨣ǺãֻǷ˵㣬ֲǾӣأֻҪҸˣ˵⾧ʵںˣеϧ
ʵԺԸԸ뿪ĵطȥҲˣԸ𣿡
ҵһµԸ⣬һҲãڹôįһ޷ܵɵ¶󣡡
û뵽Ӧô죬Ŀҵ󷨺͵ħýȫͷųʵô죿ǲߵģ
ǾĻشҵ֮⣬ûϵֲӣҲ뿪ʹģ
ʲôپĶӣѵҿǰһõĺӣΪûãΪ˱סλŽĺӽӹԼĺӣǽΪСȾûþˡūʵǲġ
ôȫҵϣû뵽йȻ¶డֵԺһҪū뿪ūɳҺѾҲȥˣ
ЦģöһܰȳģʱܸˡҪһʱ䣬ͳ죬еǻ㣡
ҲãٳϣæҲ׶ˣһ׬˵һãˬᰡ
һְѾѹ£ٴԡζҵ󷨿־ĵĿͷųѾȫңҵūһäĿˡ
ҲķԼϲŮϾҪĸԸźãıȽ⣬Ҳɡ
ҵĿعԹôҲܲˣҿɲʧȥ󣬵뿪ԹҲһߣˣðŮӦԭҲôãߣǣҲˣˣңϴ󣬶лˣٺС´һȲ裡




028 

§ž˵ϣҶǵĹϵҪܣ֪ƽʱһ㣬Լң˵Ļɣ
ĵū֪ˣҪҵʱūңūһɵģ
ҷԸˣڹбϾȨȽϴ󣬰Ҷעݷˣ˽ӽҪȫ֪𣿡
ʵϲҪҪūҰõ
ҡͷˣԼֻҪҷԸȥɣ£
ϣūҶģֻҪɶūҾˣ
뵽¾ѵˣעһ£ʲôµĻͰ֪ͨңŶˣҲעһٻ
ǣū֪ˣ
ҽϣǺñӵҲˣ̫òá´㣡ģ벻öãˣʱҾʹ뿪ԹԸ𣿡
׵ūԸ⣡ūһӶɵˣ
뿪ĺ󹬣ԼһװģѲһ˵㲻ڳ֤˷ȥҲû취Ϊôʱ뿪
ӵΪɣƽʱ̽СС书żȥǷɧľ󣨵Ȼֻһ˷ɧٺ٣
ҴССԶ뺪Ľ⣬ЩѾѧòΪгʹѧ侳ҲԼ书ҪΪֺףҪΪʦҪʺԼ书
С书Ϊý󿪴ϣӦ˵ȽϷǵ֮СԾΪʵϡ
ҴԶ뺪Ľ⣬ǺúһȻҿǵѧ֮ʵҲһȻ֮ܶ书ǴȻģҴǺúһȻĸо
г˶ȻñȽϺã붨ȻҲеϢһ¡ʱС۵ʦҸоԶд򶷣ܸоȻ֮ǣ
СҲ۵ӦĵطʦҪҪȥ
ҵȻһоû˵Ȼ뿼ǣҲоҺ⣬ǵһȥҿǵṦΣ
˵Ҵͷ֦һ㣬˲˴ССʩչṦβҶȥҷٶȱ߱߹۲ǣǵṦгص㣬ַܼкܾá
һ򶷵ĵطֻһȺɷļһΧסһЩˣЩֻмеýһЩЩ档
ֻЩǿļһеɱЩˣҪЩŮˣ
ҵóˣЩһ̫һˣʱֻΧһԼ30ĺӣһеģüʹֲʧͣǷơӳȽϳȡ
ԱһԼʮСӣɣ൹ҲӢž⣬˾ӦǸƤļһ
ʱֹۣҼЩ˿ֲ֧£ԥȵ󵨿ͽȻڴ񣡡
۴ӦɵϣӳʮпһֱЩˣ㱬죬ҲĺۼֱӱҵĽɱ
ССƴʱոոϵǸӺСҵı¾ˣֱӶССƵͿǵʵսúöԸʣµļһ
С˷ܽеãҵĽ
СƲʾĽЩк
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еҲֻƲ⣬пﵥע⵽ˣԲŻκĲ̽̽ϢκĲһܲɱзִӣεĴӣҲᾪˣϧǾСһ쵽֪ܣû뵽պײƣʱ֪ܱͨסڻŵ˲ҲҽСǳȻһˣҿɾʧȥðˡ
Ҷǵûеطס絽ڼұɣԱչǣͲõģ´һȥΪӵ˱𣡡
ܸų㣿
ܿġ
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ã˵ĶԣҲ˵Ըֽݣ
ݵºܼ򵥣˹£ľˣ곤Ȼ磬Ը⣬˵ʲô߾ӴλһǼװͬ⡣νҺ˭硣
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СҲǰֺαЩأͱƴˣ
ҰСӴұ˶磬Ϊ磬С
ҲҽˣӵҲͦƯ͵ĹŴŮҺҴ磬ȻһҴüŮӽҴ绹治ϰߡ
ҶԴɩЦҼҵӻúչЩŮ죬ʱɩҲ飡
֮ұǻغڼұ;ʵܴһҪ̽书Ҹģ




029 ݱ

ڼұҾͰסҵĳŮһϳӭӡ
ôɫŮ۾ɳˣҳݵĵ磬ǶǶɩ̫Ưˣ
ЦǺǵĵҵĺýǹҸǽһ£ҵĽֵܣǴܾ
ŮǺòĻ磬ܣ
ɵɵЦɩǺãɩǺƯԺҪôȢôŮ
СöԵ񣡡
ϵ㶼ǣҵȻ֪ûб˼ֻǷ̾
̵ɣΪɩȥ׼һ·䣡
ɩɩǴȥ䣬ܴȴ٣ԺдɩҪֶˣ
͢Ůһҵĸ첲Ժˣ
ͻȻе⼸λɩͲథҽǶɩǳԿˣ
͢ɲôаҿİޣңСú㣡
С֪ˣɩһ˲С˹
ǶСӶЦˡ÷ϼ˴Ŵɩȥһ¡
ͷ׼ˮŮվλ󣬷ңԣŮģϾͬڴʱ̸ۣܺŮ򶼲
һ£ҪηչҸܿͻݱʱСǳعҵĿꡣҵǻ۲ʶʮ
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ҿ˿ǵ쿪ʼһ书Сһѧ
СһҪ书ֱֵϲ£죬СԱЦ⣬ʦҪϸ񣬵ʱܵģ
СҲЦٺ٣ʱɱǰ飡
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СʵʦʲôϲӰ
СҲԻʦǸ˹ʲô
ҴûʲôϷݵúãû˼ǽ𼦽ûʲô
MD˳˵ЩŮദˣ߶ˣҺȤ
Ϊ;Ϊҵĵ֣Ҳ˲ѪǴͨžǿѡһ״󿪴ϣʮɽԼɽɽڵһЩǿ
Ϊʲô¾ŽΪĽѾԳһɣҵͣеľ磬ܲīسɹѾˣ˵ҽ̵ЩѾǿˡ
ھҽ貨΢򱾾ͲҪƷָ֮ġͷʹ͢СҲѧ书ŮûʲôȤ
û취ŵһֻðѹĹɵѧóȽʺŮŮľҪ²壬ڴϿԸõĽٺ٣
ʵ˵ڰҲ̫죬ӦԪҡ
Ҽüͷˣô£
С죬ϣݱܿͻ˵ǻΤˮǴˣ
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Ǻǣû⣬ԸȢʱһֱӸǱ
ϣݴԼص㣬ҴһӦԪȥ˵ӦԪҲͬˣϰȨ嶼ӦԪҲȷǸ˲š
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΢һ˼ܼ򵥡˺ܿܵǻΪʱ켧ĸݱͬϣڼϵΤһ棬þȳ켧ĸӵ׼Ȼʱ죬Ҿʹڼܵ뿪ֱȥ
ݵ˵λܵͣع𣿡
ЦȻΤѾΪǴ˸˵ҿСʦҵıºڹҵʵǸ˻أȻǱҲҪ췢չԼʵ
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¶ĵȻˣϷʹӦˣ뽫СŮ޸С죡
ҶԹ΢һݵСˣ
ݿЦãԺһˣСͱˣ
ЦСеҪ鷳뿴
ҽһЩͼֽݣæ죬оװʱڲ֮ء
ݿͼֽ޵û뵽СƳ˾ıãټ־죡
лҪ׼׵δѣŶõϢҪͼ޴󽫾ȥκȡ³¼ҵĴǣҴӴ󣬾֪ͨңһὫºסҳû켧ĸӣ
ҹǲ뿪̾磬ȢһС㣡
˾ԴһµˣСĺ𣿡
Ȼˡ
Ҳ֪˼ȷׯλҼǹС㣬Ҵ⣬һãҲ빼ģ޸ܱȼ޵˼Ҫã
ͷˣ۰ӣȻǹͶԶ˼¾ٺòˣ
ؼҺȻȥˣû뵽ǣҾȻصľҴеЩУȻҲоϲŮӣСѹôMM
ڿСıڻ˷ҲŻȻ򣬲ҲΣǺõĲѧƫƫѧ椣ǲǸдһĵƵš
ʱȴһ˹µڻ԰켧ˣȴɢɧģڣˡֲջڵ켧ôе̲ס֪òùȥ
Ĳɣûע⣬켧ˣ켧еĵĵū𣿡
ʵ˵ûСǲϵҴžͻֱ켧ɣԼ㲻ãӰ쵽Сһֱԥ
Ҷ켧һЦȻˣҾһ°ɣ
԰УʱӰϣʼ֮ĸ֪Σ»طֽ⣡




030 ʼ֮ĸ

켧԰еСͤ£켧ɫ΢е԰ףⷴԳһֲ̬ʩüһϧ
ȥɲУҳʵ˺£ܸ𣿡
켧ü΢ӯӯĿưԹĿһ۵ûʲôūе˰ɣ
ҵȻһЦûйϵܿǾܴ˺ССƻعˣ켧ûôȥҵĻֻһҷеĲɵġ
̧ͷһ¹⣬ڵͤǰ¹⣬ǵ˪ͷ£ͷ˼磡
켧ʫĿתңʫĵĵĲųڣ˼Ѿ䣬ʵ̫ˣ켧켧жԹĽ
ҿɲ֪ôˣΪɫԭȻݴŹˣϾСĸףʼʵĸףҪǰҲ
򡭡ҡ
켧῿һУǷ˵壬ҵ壬ʵ˵ĴͦĴ̼ȻΪϵĴ̼
켧̲ס˵Ķ˵һ΢̧ͷӢȴŸḧŵ֪켧ӹȵǿֲ̣԰εĸо
¹ʱĹӾһħһ뵽켧У켧У켧ܱǿӵܺһܹܽӵĳţܵõӵİ
ע켧Ŀвӯӯ͸¶ȴ⣬ҵǰ˵ǲƭҹֻ˵ȥμӰ˹˷ˡ
켧еԳЦ켧ǸŮˣҲɾ˵Ǹ˾ɷŮӣ켧ǸŮˣΪܹúһ㣬Ϊȥ켧ûа취
˵Ѿˮʣ滨Ľգκ˶ڻУúϧһ
̾˿˱ѵҳ˵㿴ܽŶõ֤ôῴأʵҲ׷ˡֻǡֻǡ
켧һΪĹϵ
εͷϾʦҪŪòã𲻺ýԭҲŸʲô
켧ڵĿ⣬û˿һ⣬ܽ켧𣿡
ȻĵСĻҵȻû⡭ֻǡ켧ſĵЦգŮϾӦ˵Цݣһеӵ켧ˣʵ켧סܸܵɵڲܼͬɵŮҸģ
˵꣬켧΢˫ۣۺ˫ҵ촽ϣҵһκ켧ǣ̽ҿС
켧ǵ÷ǳмɣܻӭҵͷ׷ҸɴһѱסԵס켧пľǿӵ
ǽˣ켧̬ŵվʩһǳЦӯӯ켧ȥ˯ˣ
ۣΪͣǡôһζ켧Ǹź˵뿪Ӱĵ̧ͷ죬֪ô죬ѵĸС˵СҿĸˣĸҲϲȢĸ㲻԰ɡ
ڶ;ŬҴڵ书ССȻȻǶӴȻֻԼʽ
е㾫㱵һԣлڻζ켧һǣҪͨ˿ڵʱ͵ˣ
ʱССԣҶûӦСҶ߽еʦұһԱһҶ߽ô
Сһ޹ĵʦղˣû취ǶˣŽģ
Ҳмˣô죬ҪΪ˼ΪҲ֪
СԩĽеУʦô
ٺ٣ʦʦ
ʱһȻСһۣԷ¶ε񣬾ͺ˵ôʦ군ˡʱСͻȻݶҵʦмʦ̸̸
ҿСЦһҲЦˣʵʲô£˵ʦһܰģ
СһһʦϣȢ
˿ȵʵС㡭
ʦ˵꣬Դʱ﷢Ҿעʦʦ￴ʦ񡭡
Сһµʵ˵ʵԴʦҹݵºټ£ʵڲ˵õȻ˵˲ĸףʵ˵Ķûжٸӵĸ顣ȴϣʲôġ׽˹źּįʦҲ˵Щ˹еŮӣҲϣһʱܵó裬Ժأѵ¶įĴڹûʦҸСͬǰʦС˵ĺе
һеԥĸףڼѾΤҪĸӡҲ֪ЩʦôİϾҰԼͽܵĸס
СЦʦͲõˣƶʦıѵ㲻ЩС𣿡
СƵѧҵĿˣ㶨֪ˡ
СٺЦʦʵʦͷе˼ˣ͢Ž㶼˵˽˹ĻҸԡǾʦĻҲǺ£
ʵСĲҺ£
СͻȻҵʦ˵ǰͷȢҲģһǽʦȻҿɾ͸ˣƽʱѾѹˣҪ˵ã
Сͬеĵͷıɷ£ұһ˵΢һºۣСӣ첻һף£ҾͲгˣ
ССƴеܰʦǾǰ
ҺٺЦǽаƺҲûǣٺ٣
ô˶ξƷ֥ٵ̨ʡ
Ҳ⿪ҵĽᣬȻˣ켧ҾҪˣҴ켧ȥȫӵǸˣǸΤ켧ҵˣ
۹˭еģֻè
ݴŹҺֻˡʲô°ңðģǵ飬һȥ򹷰




031 ٻŮ

ԼĽᣬúöˣӦ㣬֮ǰʵڲԼԼݾŮҪᶨԼ
Ϊʵҵļƻͱһ£ҰǻӦԪǶ׼ƻ
ӦԪ֪ҵļƻеԾǿû뵽ҾȻ켧ҲȢˡ
ҵļƻܼ뿪ʱɱ켧Ȼǡֹٽ켧ʬʬһȻ˵ԼܽҴü˴棬ڷ۷Ѳҵģ
Сʦⷽˣ
ӦԪﻹе⣬Ȼ˼ҶҲͬˣҲ˵ʲôˣ˵뷨ԸκˣҲҡ
ص䣬ֻŮڣЦʵڸʲôأ
Ŷĵİһ۵켧˶շˣ˼˵ˣ϶ܲɵĵģ
ҴȤûһӳΪĵŶ
ŮɬĵͷϾŶ󵨵ŮԲࡣ߽ԣȻҵļƻ˵һ飬Ůʵôܱһأ
һ§ŮȻЦҵĺŮҲΪ򣬿Ϊ򲻺úýѵ㣡
˵űֵ̽ڣһһ£ץֻãɭ֣ŮŮˡɡ
Ů§סҵĲӣܵĦҡ
Ŷ٩ãڽǰǵķݻ𣿡һ仰ŮϴһҪγѪһҿáǵŮЦϣŮѾǰҪŵÿˣǱЦŮˡ
ֵˣЦˣôˣ
ʦʦ
Сֵĳûĵһ۵ûʦںʦ´𣿡
Сεͷûע⵽
÷Ϸĸ׵ԣû£ʦģ
СЦʦˣӲ
ҾͲǵģҿʦһҪεӡһǵŮЦͣС󷢸пĵʦʦѹݵôʦ
ҾȵĿݣҲݣ֪ʲô˼𣿡
Сֱ׳ĵȻ֪һ˶
С˵椵ȷһ˶ˣʵСʲô𣿡
ʦôһҶˣģѾˣܿģ̸̸
֪ˣϾȳȥɣ
Сȴߺ΢Ů´һȥ켧סԺӡ
ţ켧ţһƯĹװ͵ɫ˿ỬԼ˳߽ȥ
켧ţǳЦңºҲһУȵҴϣĦǺܴ̼
켧῿һеɣѾˣ켧̫ˣһ켧ˣ
̧绨̲סӣݺһ켧İһۣЦҶѾƻˣʱһ˵ˡ
ɵô켧˽Τôױƭū֣ᷢʱ
켧ǵ
ҿĵģһд㣬һüٵȥżٵʬȥҾԲ˷Ǽٵģ
켧ūҵҸˣ
˲ԺҳŮˣ
Һúõ켧һȻǺھͽҴսһôΪ컹빬ȥֻԼ֮뿪켧ܵҳţֻǸһʱٺú
У룬Ϊͼ޴󽫾ٻ޵κü벻Ҫٻ޸ϲ˰ɣȫܿԼȥõ³¼
΢ŭ裬ֻҪִдɣҪ£
ֻǵɨһۣоͺһ˲˱һ㣬һ亹ʵ˵Щû鷳Ϊεȡ¼ҪңݲͬʱǵңҲ˵ڶǺüֵ
ˣ̫ӹˣҲ֪ٻ޹ȥǲܵģҴٻ뿪ҿɲ޸ˣʱκʱ뿪Թ֮ʱ
̸Ҿֱ뿪ȥݣǰӣмҪ㣡
ҶǻǺܿĵСˣ֪λʲôҪҰæģ
֣صҪؾӣ¾ҪˣúչݷˣӦöҵ˼
΢Цףһչ˺ݷˡڴ̫ˣҪõķǣҪȢݷˣ
Һԥ˵Լ뷨ҿóǶҺ⣬̸£ͱǶҵΣ
˱һ˵һ£˶ˬЦĵҲգȷǸСӣչݷˣκ˶ҪãҲ̣ݷ˾Ͱˣ
λݷ˹Уսȥ˿ҽȥһֻٻݻпţۡ
ֻٻſǻùãٻҪ޵κȥٻҪ
ϧĿеεĵֵҲû취ٻֻа취ˣ
ٻץס˾һ㣬ùã˭ٻ
֪ԼҲ޵κֻ֪ܰǸĵĳ衣
˽ȥ͵ĵôˣʲôˣ˭ǵٻ޵ģ
ٻˣϻ̻Ĩ˼ϵˮݼˣҲе㲻ҿҡҰĿٻе£Ҷ֪ˣ
ٻһˮӿ˳滨ݣĸоٻ
ٻһҽٻһҼİɣѾа취ˣҲ޵κȥһһȥұ֤޸κˣ
ٻ̧ͷŵĵģӡ
Цһµҳˣ
ٻɬĽ磡
е㾪ȵĵ㡭
ƵĿ⿴Ҫ˵ݣеʶرҵĿ⡣
ݻԥҶٻ֣صһٻȻʱٻɣ
ٻǾʲôƵģһҧ磬ٻŴ磬ٻعˣٻһֱڳߡٻٻ
ߵǰָסСףٻ⣬ҳܵõٻģҷľ㣡ңҴȥһȫʱһԶֿ
ٻҲȥģ˵һУҸᣬʵٻٻϲ硭ٻҪʹһ𣡡
ݿƽʱȽϽĹ쾹Ȼ¸ұԼ⣬кǾȣҲеԹԼΪʲôŲ֡ǡȻìܡ
ҰοٻҪúϢųúȥ棬ٻ͵һΣκ˶ܱٻԸ£ٻߣģ
硭ٻ㣡
ٻҸһУ
һᣬҾ͸ˣٻᣬдã
Ҵȥһ¾󹬣˾޹ڣֻϣ˵ڱɴڣ֣Ŵ⣬ԼḧԼʵ˫塣
˽ܵţŭȵʲô˾ȻԴ뱾޹
󿴼ңӭӣɣūأû治ù
ҺٺЦⲻҵСɧ𣿡
һѺᱧϣϿʼÿһ缡ֻӳһ磬߶롭޵󹲸ɽ
ú§ʵʲôʲô
һ£ȻҪٻ޵κ£Ϊ˵ȡǱʲô¼£е֣ūܰſݷ˵˷֣мݷˣūһдݷ˵⣡
һµ֪ˣעⱣݷ˺עµжпҴֱӴݷˣ̫ȫ
Թĵūô죿ū벻ˣ
Цģô뿪أҽκº󣬾ͻߣʱ治֪ô룬Ҹˣ
ĵĵūһ˵ĵūҲŲҪįĵ
һץסͦأţиоˣɧĵٶūһЩȻȥκһʱ䲻ˣ
һѹסǵȻˣһúģɱҲڵʱȥˣǲģ
סҵūһˣҪūңūҾҲñ
ҺĻشÿҲΪȫҵӡ̽ģѾڰ֮УͨϵĽϣĿʼٺ٣ҷԭҲ˵Ǳϵۣ㱾ͲǺˡңִǰɣ




032 ԰

ӹл·ϾȻ˹⵹ʼϲģҪҴıƷҿ
ڹЩƷ̾Ҳרң
ʱˮ׼ǳˡ
ЦŶԹС㣬鷳Ͷ
΢ҪССĽˣԺɵˡ
Ѿ˵ˣ̽ʵ֪ڼҵ𣿡
ͷ֪ˣȻԵӣԺңȻǳҵˣһжԷΪ󡭡
˵ˣƻҰ§ϸס
տʼеţȽϽӲҲûĹҲУƷ۵С§һС
ҶҼҳԷɣʱҲʶһԼĽúҴǣһˣ
ĽҿЦŮˬȻĻһΪ棬ҲԸҲʧΪһĽϡ
صҺұ˹ңŵɩԺһҪúùҰ
Ū˸СŮһ£ʹһСŮѺΡ
ǵǴЦôص˶̲סЦ⣬ЦԼŮѣҸ̾ԭŴͷˣҺҵĽǲȻҾͲˣҪΪǶСУԲŻô󵨣ŵÿŮӿɾԲġ
Ĺ켧סСԺУССڶһҽ˻һۣһûüڣ˾ͷһˣֻ˵ǽ쵽˯ʦ˯ҲûϵһţеƵ뵽úһʼʱҽ̳ˡãСгԺһΪģ˿֣չңõİ취ˣ
켧ķ䣬ߣŮҲѧϰ·û̧ͷĵҪ̫ˡ
̧ͷȴӢӣʱϷɺ죬ˣôҲ֪ͨūһ
ߵԱߣ£һ§Ҫϲôϲ𣿡
켧ҡ׵ūһֱڵȴɣô᲻ϲܺúó켧𣿡
ҺᱧܲˣҪᵽʲôĿУˣ
ϣ켧ȥ˵ҵһμ壬Ȼ˶ˣӨˮļȾһֵĺΣ˿͸ŨŨ
ͦ˫˵ķ˶׺ɺ죬ɳ©ߡ˵غɭ֡
ħ켧ߣһֻ̽۶ڣѾʪҸŵ켧鶯糱
˶˵壬ѹ˶켧켧Ǵϵܻӭ̬˵ķ飬ղܡ
ཻȻȥ˫壬ҧͻͬʱһ۶켧˫ֽסҵͷӣвϮ
켧ֻͣ쵽ҵķ͵Ķڣ֪Ҫˣ˳ںõλãֱͦ룬խ
ҵͦ켧˽ѩ׵ĴȽҵʣƺҪԼȫӡ
ҵķս켧һУŸ߳ϣ΢ɣ̫ˣūҶܲˣ㻹ôоūȫͷˡ
Цҵı´أôҶأһԸģٺ٣
켧ĵİһ۵ūŪ컹ҪýЦˣ
켧ĵ飬ҶҪֵˣʵ˵ڴϵı֣Ŷ;⻹û˱ȵϣǷŵĽдӭϣ켧ȷڴϷ˵ģˬĻһ˵ĵ
켧ҵɼȻԺҾˣͲ켧ˣ
ҵͷȷѾˣ覣ˣԺҾͽˣ
켧Ĭ˵仰ĵĵԺ켧ҲˣԺūҾһ˵ˣ
ͻȻ뵽һӣһѱԺͽ켧ΪˣȻϾǺúõˬһˬ
һӣҺʧڷ䣬ͻȻŮ˯ķ䣬ֻŮ˯Ŵϣ̬죬ȴʮ޵ĸо
ھôͻȻЦˣǣ
ҰҲŵϣ͢ԣһѱס͢䣬̾ѣΪʲô֮˳Ҳռˡ
ѳҵĻ뻹֣ȴԭԼԼ磬͢磬㻵ˣ
͢ôһŪȻŮˣȫҺĻףɬĵҪǷ𣿡
ЦҪúø˯˯
˵ݴɫŮҽŵĿǱϵŮ
÷Ů̯ڴϺͱҵħצץס̺ͷŶǴ󵨵еһƴ˽Уֱָø߳Ůģ
Ҷںλ޽ֻһһ˫ޣҾã泩ˡŶܲˡ
Ŷɴİ˸ŮСǺʹﶬҲнˣҵȻ֪ŮѾˣҲǬóһŴ󴲣СѺʹӯǶŵϣһʳȥ
ܵҳŵȻʮֿģСѰŮǵһαҳţڴƵһȥ
ڶһ磬磬Ŵ˺Ĵ˯ˣеЦеˡˣҪ뿪Թȥκˣֲܴȥͺúǰɡ
ȥļҶúĽޣȻŮԽԵʮ㣬Ϊ˲ҵĺֵܵӣҲ˵ҩԼһЩƷóʹɩա
пգҰŮľŮ书̸͢ԼŮԼҸŮѧ书Ҫ̫װ
ͬʱҲǹȻ£ϾҵһŮˣŮûӦ㣬ʯŮı书ģŮȻ
Ŷȼ֪ȻҵĽ޶ǾҾȻʯŮ飬ȻԺˣ۹
ҲͣҼҵˣŮҲǺϲڹҲ뿪׼ҴӴһִмƻ
뵽˴ΪµˣݱϾѾѹҵļҵڼҺϲһе׼ˡ




033 ǧһ

Ҫ׼ȥˣҲͼ޴󽫾ʵȨͷΣҲ⡣
ҪһҪңҪɽҰ룬ڵĻǾͲô鷳ˣֱӿҲͲҪ·ˣʣһµ·̣ʱɽֶ࣬ҪƵܷʱ䡣
κᣬҪȵ衢ꡢƳĸС˽·̣Ҫˡ
ŮʮֲᣬܣĲҺСһȥһˡ
Ц粻õģ»Ҫ̴ܣͬʱó뺪׼һߣ
ֻõǶܶСģһ°ãõǡȥ
Ҳģһ£ʱһȥع￪һҵ
ҵǼϵֵܣأ
ССƵǰСʦǵȻһȥعҪʵҵ룡
СƵʦǻŬѧ书ģ㲻ڵʱҲ£
ĵͷˣǻҪ£Ǿ뺪£кܶҪ׼ġ
ص㣬Ѿ͵ִԼмٰɣͦݻģпʵĲôаҲùˡ
Ҳǣһһһ˵ᣬЦӭˣҵһоǸӻˮˣ˶ĳƺҲ˽⵽Ǹᡣ
ҴųӸ;ֱУһȥģƽԭ˺ԭ·ˣҲŲǣ֪ƽԭ˳ôúҲһ̲סҲˡ
ŶԴǼŶԼٻͬһһ˺ƺƵˡ
ʱͻȻоǳвõĸоʹ÷֮һϣֳһʶڼϣԼ϶صȥ
Ҹյķ䣬һҳ֣Ͻɣūҵ·Ǳݷ޹ر˵Ǽֺܸߣ֪֪ͨɣ
Ұοģھ͸ȥû£úܺãȥκ󣬾ߣúչԼ
ҹ֮ڱȻտʼڰҲϲֻΪһ˷ŵ
۵ĵɣūҪأ
ҵͷȻʧڷ䣬Ȼ뿪ʱҽһʶϣΣգʶԶû
ݵ޹Уڴǰã֪ô죬ǸĶҪ뿪ˣĲ֪ô졭ҪҪȺܾá
ʱͻȻһЩ˴˽һŭʲô˾ô޹
Щ˶棬ֻһЦ˭ӵҪޣԹٳԵͷˬˣûܰεεֵһ
ˣĺܾţʱûܾץסֱۣһס졣
ûκã˵ܣкȾңӣɡ
ЩΪʱͻȻһӴϢǵضЩ˸оȫסһ㣬岻ʹ˶󺧡
ΪħȴͻȻЩ˶ˣ֪һ˵֡
ʱſ߽һˣһ£Ӣϲ˪ƺɱһݿǱȴһҲ£Ϊ֪˫۾ΪҪ
ңߵԱߣгĵû°ɣ
Ҳ̲סжҵİ֪ҲЩʲôֻ࣬ͶҵĻҵ
һУˮйķ۱ûˣȥˣһ߰ɣһһչ㣬Ұ㣡ݶ
̧Ҳ飬ĵɣҲ벻ˣȥģݾȥġҲ㡭ԶҲɷֿˣ
ӵ뿪ָֻӳ͸Щ˵壬жǵ뿪ʱҴʬٵʣȻûݿôҲЩ̵Ļ档
ұסһ˲ͻȻʧٻУŶٻһҲǴסˣЦŵǷˣ֣ˣġ
Ұһ飬Ҳ˵Ҳʣô棬ǵķΪǹŴŮӣ̫ˣ
ķȻڴ쳵ӣ˻ҾȳݣǶ濴ҴųӣǾһУҺܻЩ˵¡Űɣһʱµڣ
ŶݴȤݽ㣬˵Ҳܲɵģ㿴ⲻ𣿡
ٻЦλùòһ
ݱ˵ɫߺ죬ǳ˼ûʲô֪ӳѾ׿һ֣׷ԼҸ
Ц̸ɣҪίݶ棬ÿˣЩʱҰһݣ˾ϲˣ
ĵݶίֻɲݶˡ
ôأǶҵӣǵ²ҵ𣿡
˵ҾʧУںϣû˷뿪Զõº͹ǡ
ȻңڵȻضյϢʱһֵİɣҲüʼ˵ܣʷǣ
뿪ԹΧǰľ֮ǰȿõӦòʲô鷳£ǳԹ߾·һ벻ͨȥ¼Ҳ˵õˣôڲ뵽ض´·͵Ϯɱҡ
״ôɱأһеڴأ;Ͳô˰ɣҲСС֣ǵ뵽




034 ٷ

ǰ·;ңԶܵҺ׼ùҰҴһЩװãҲһЩߣĳɵ״װϡ
еĴųţʱֻҵĿȻһ
Ҵǣ˾Ȼ£ᣬһߣɣĸо
ͻȻң֪ʲôҵ⡣ֻʱͻȻһȵ˳ǰӵĽʿڿء
Ҳǲþ䣬˭֪ᵹһǳķˣ˭ҵǣã
һҶˣҲϵǰɣУԭԱ߹û뵽ֵң
ЩʿһҵķˣתɻĿң΢һͷʿȫÿ˵·
ߣȴͻȻ㶼ǽãǲǲҪ˰
æаֻ۳Ͷٵģλ˶ѣ
µ㿴ûǰɣ
ɬһۣʱλߵͽúչˣ
һȻɷչӦõģ֪γƺ
ߵϷֻµ壡
Ŷԭµ壬һﵥȺ󣬾ӵԹֱ³ﵥɱһңֻ»ӳһ٣Թݵ¡
һЩ;ֱ뿪ҶŮλ˲һȥɣ
˽ȥ߹һ£ʾҲ
һóӼصģȻ¼¡һ棬ֻţһԡ
ٻĿʵλ˭
ЦŽܵλŮᣬλ£ҲǷҵӣ
һ۵˭ˣãڻҵ⣿
޹Լ˵ҷ˵ôֲأ
ǿ飬ŮˣݶЦͣס
ٻЦȤŶ
ҵĻղֻȨ֮ƣ˳㣡
ҷ˷ۣˣ㣡㲻Ե޹ң˵ɣʲô£
˵£ݵǵǰ·;̫ȫҪԸǣ
ڵ°ɣʲôˣж͵Ϯǣ
ǴΪԾɻʵô֪ģ
΢һʼеͽ˵ˣԸҵģ϶ˣʵ벻ˣ
еĵû뵽˲˼ݣһ仰ͲµˣҪԸ㣬ɳԼţǰߵġ
û˵꣬ұֳǰɣ
¿ȫˣҺδ֪һ᲻ŵĵôȫ֪һ㻹ǲ˰
ҿŵĽе֣ôô˵ԼϹҿҪúˣ
ٻܺѧʵ磬Ϲʲô˼
Ŷݶˣ˵ºˣҿһʵأϹ˼ǡ
ҹ˶ٿǵķӦеŭҷϻô࣬Ů棬ҼϹ˼Ƿ˼

ȻŮľȣû뵽ϹǷ˼ݻ˼ĵԭǷ˼
ܲ˵ĵһۣ˵һ棨ҵ󰡡5555»صֳˣ͵͵гȻ͵ϮǣӦö£
ҵͷˣ֪ôˣˣ㲻ֻΪ˸Ϣɣ
µȷյϢκĲҲκ㡭
ɱǰɣΪﵥ£˷ǳ̣ɱ޶Ϊ˿ãŶΪﵥµκĲһֻ۱һֻۡ
óǱ֪κĲκһģĻԹûҾͲ̫ˡ
һ۵˺ʲô֪һ
ҺٺһЦʲô֪һܲ³Χء
ϱ죬ȻС˵ȥˡ
üʵʲôΧ
ҴûʲôˣôõֳҪ͵ϮҵϢģѵαװǱ¸д̽ϢνĵȻܵõϢ
ɫ࣬ڳŮԶôʱʮ㣬ƱˣǶòңᶼе㲻ҿҵĵôô˰
΢еĵԺ׼ˣ̫Σˣһ⣬·ô죬֪жأܻܿᱻ֪Ժ󶼲ȥôΣյˣ
ᱻ˵һһģ˵꿴һתҪ뿪ֹֻһ£ֲʲôˣô𣿡
ʵȴΪҶĹĺе۵ĸоеʴӣԸ񱾾;ǿԱϲŻֹ䡣
ҲԸҲƽϣֻǺŮкµȥٻԽϴ󣬶СҲǹ㣬㲻Ҫ⣡
˭Ҫˣġ
˭ǿڲģŮҲƣŶĿһۣͻȻëȻĸо
ҵ棬˻ᣬ³ˣһ˳ưһѱҵϣЦôҵĺ˰
εİһ۵Ϊʲôûģ˼̸
һʧĵԭҰôҵĺ£
±˵Ķ֪˵ʲôһҴܵӣȻһڵ˰ɣ
Ǿ͸ˣ
¾С˼Ҳ˰
ϰڳһֺõΪˣʲô¾˵ɣΪϴ
ֱҵı鶺ЦˣòͣЦʵ书Ƕģ
ҿЦһμ͵Ϯң̽ң˵ǿϸ񣬵ڶμڿңأ
ҵֵԴ֮Ҿʱ겻ӣǰûģһΪ㣬ģ
ҵ٩ҵĺ𣿡
±ʵò˼ĵ˼ҡ˼ÿ춼㡭
ҿĵһڵҾ֪һҵģˣ֪ǵ춹ģӲ
¡ꡱЦݵûأ춹ģǺþ䣬Ҳֻó
һ˻ͽŮȥˣһ·죬ΪйٵԵʣʲôżȻ·ҲҵǬŲƸˣչʾȻҲЩʿҳݣʱȻֻʵǱҲָǣ
ϵʱŶԴǴʣʿΧʴȻǰõľŹԵҹ԰ȫ㡣
߽УŮΧһţŶȻҸǵݻƷҲţЩƿӡ
Ů˵ԣҲ⡣ҿһŮע˭˯û˸ůѣô˯ȥأ
˫۷Ź⣬֪ҵ¶˵ԴŮָҽϺǸˣǶԷ¸ǻȻҴ֮ÿ춼Ǵͬߣ˫ޣ
ҵĻɬɲҰûô󵨡ٻͱϾСڹжŮ֮ҲȻСŮĽߣҲǷŲҰ⡣
µۺڴɫҰĿ鵽ϣᵱȻ֪ڴʲô⣬ϵҪǲ³ҵİ;һ˯
Ȼ֪ҪܷģҲǿϾڡѰؼǡϲļŮ֮һ
Ҳ͸㣬Բô˵ģҲ룬˳ԼǲǸͶǰӵĻء
ЦǷأһȨûСǽŶҰɣ
ұԱȥϢ˯һҲӦһ¡
ȶ·ƣѹǵ·󣬱ѹϣ˼ҵһΣȻҪúöԴˡǽ˵壬һ¿ˮ
һŮӲͬΪ䣬ϵȽϹǸС˫Ȼû켧ŮôǴСߴ䣬״Ǽͦ
Ŷ£ֱŪýټĴ۶ѾƺӷһʰŮʱҲҪ䵴ˡ
ŶǲѾ鶯糱ܵϲ䣬ȽǽխĴӶڣͻ˱ĴıĤ˵졣
ΪһΣԵ³û߳ĿкҾתأѾܲ˵Ŷѹ¡Ŷת߳ȻѾŪ˽磬ҿɲ˰ݵ棺СȣݰңܱܵøӣңǵûܳҴҵ书ϵۣûңٺ٣û
һҹɫ§Ů˯ȥӭµһ죬ÿһ춼һ¿ʼ뿪ȥһ¿ˣ




035 δ

Ǽȥ·˳£Ժ´£书貨΢ȻǱѧģΪǶýŮǺܺõѡˡ
ѧ书侪ȶҵ书Ҳ̫˰ɣϵʦʥˣ治֪ôôˣ
üëһôɣʦҲδʤҵģ
֮ԱǵٳˣʦжҺ㻹ʦأ
ĻҲÿɷûʶҵʵ˵ĻȻпԭˡ
¶ҽ书ȻǺܾȣϾԲ죬ֻֻ֣Ϊǿġ
ݺٻҲѧģûиûҺ彻һûܸıǵʣŶѾ貨΢Ҳ̹һ׼ʹõƷˣƺˣң֣һҸ˲ˣˣ㲻нЩңҲˣ˼ˣ
ڳԾֳӦûǳԾ׷͵ϮǣԱ׼鷳ȴǸڳӺƽԭԭ
ϣ칫УOFFICEȥԭŶ߿ŵͼͼʵڹֲڵģ۰
ԭʮŵ˽ļҽһüͷһ壬һӣ׼ȷĽԭЩҽȫ⣬ΧʿĳЦ
ԭǷŭֲôëϯ˵ˣһзɶֽϻ񰡣
ҵĵԭ¡
ԭ۾ֱֱֻԵŶϾڵŶҵǳޣҡԭǳŶΪŶԭйһȣŶᣬȻ֤Ҳûϵ
ҵԭ̸µģ۾㿴ӦÿģСӴʲôҲ
ԭұĻϾȻ΢һ£֪еŭˣϾʵǿ˿ỳһô
Ӳĵô󽫾ЩӶԼŶģôǵˣ
ҲԹԵĵ·Ͽܻ͵Ϯֻ˵һ仰ԭԸ뱾Ȼû£ĻǱҲܲǵˣ
ԭŭ˼ҪҵļҽˣôУҴԸһ·ϱǣ
ŶǲҵĻαأֻ˵Բˡ
Ҹ˵š
ԭڴɫһҪʹӦĻͰķԸ
˵շȥ
ʱŶеǸĵɡ
֪˵ʲô㰲οûµģ֪ǰйһȣǶǰˣҺͲҪǰˣ˵ںںͽȥҲ⣬ģ
ŶжĵŶⱲҸ£лл˿ݣŶŶһֻһˣ
ˣûˣ۾ͲƯˡСкȦǾͱèˣ
ŶΪЦǺʵèʲô
һµֻ۾źȦèͲˡˣأ
Ҳ˻⣬ѵҽʲôǴè
Ŷǿ϶ˣԴɽЩ书Ǿ
ҵͷǰΪ˱Ϊǲٱ˳صĳްҪǱѣ
Ŷĵİһ۵˼ҽսɣ
ЦŶ˽Ұƽ⣡
ʱͻȻñŶҲңԹµѾԾֳ˿϶Ҫжˣô죿
ҿЦ㣬ͲȽһ𣿻ûʲô¡
ҵĻȻ֪ҵ˼ڸ£ǲǡ
Ҳɫ΢죬ϻָڸ̸£ôֳˣ
΢ЦģûӪʵİźܹŹǰ󷨲õģϮֵܷˣԻ˵áЩпյʱѵЩֻǺÿ𣿡
˵ҰһЩսʱļ󷨽̸Щʿһܷ󷨵ҹؼ汸ͨ˺ϻҪüֹЩԹʿ֣ӶҸǾ֡
ǺҪģҾǵľУʱָ˳Ķˡ
ˣЩʿǸνĺһʼԲ⵽ôİ
ΪѵĵǣܶණŹԣŶݼף˵Ҳ׵ģ
һµףǾˡҵĽѾˣײҲ棡
ЦǵȻģҲ˭ֻҪסʽģǻģҪīسɹ棬ѡʺԼľˣҵʺԼѧܳԽһ֣
ᾪôʦ˵һ㵹ѧͦ˽ģȷʵʦһս
ЦҲʦʥ´ȥ
ˣȽǰ°ɣԺԺ˵
֪ˣ㣡ÿǲңһ˶û׬
̾һۣȻٵһڣȻ뿪ˡ
ϧ̫˵㣡
ŶЦ϶˼
ҴȤô϶㻹ΪԼҽ
Ŷһ㣬ͷͼʱԭˣֻһ仰ӦҪҵļҽķԸ£
˵ˡ
һǿݶɫıȻԭԸ񲻿ộ֪ʲôƻѵ۹ٱҾͷðȥɱκ
˳ܲˣȻȥҹ̽һºˣ֪ƽԭ˳ʲôӣƽʱж֪ʲôӣŮĻٺ١еаYY




036 һʯ

Ҵȥ̽̽˳Ǹκò룬û취˭˻ԣĶǵܲˡ
ŶҿŵͼеӣǲŶﰡ˼ң
һָЦôأŶߣĻῪСأ
Ŷһ۵˼ǰ˸Ůûû˷ǣ
΢Цٻ߲ⲻ㹻𣿶ǰ˸˾̫࣬ҲҪЩҲΪǰȫ룡
ŶЦ˼ɵģɫˣҪŶ𣿡
˵һڴĿңҡͷʱãҪȥ̽̽ԭƽԭˣһιҵŶģ
Ŷǰʧһ˫۷Ź⣬ҪŶûɱ˯˯أ
һεģúܾõģ
˵գұ뿪û˲͵ƽԭ˵⣬ǵ棬ƽʱǵҲǴкԹԵģҲãʡķ
еĿԵʶǱУǲǺһ
ҵʶ̽ȥҼһֱûҼƽԭˣӺڱúãòʵö࣬ԶʮˣŲ۽ڻµһ˿ǳǳƣķ绪
㷢ɶ٣߸𣬲ΡΡǳŮζ廨ȹ˿֯ĻЬͷϵķǶ⻪Ŀ޹ˡ
ҵʶȻ绨òΣû뵽ôĶӺȻܱôãдŵ߹͸ޡ
ֻԭΪʲôҪôǸ裿
ƽԭ˵ĵ𼱣ǻҪС
ԭʲĵǣţʵǡ
ƽԭгĵģŶõġҲΪҲ֪㿴ţģҪ˵ţܿٻҲˡ
ԭ˷ܵĵʲôƻҰɣѾСˣ԰;˾ˣ
ƽԭ˳ĵҪóȥɱκǻ
¿ɰԭһƽԭɫĵĵΪѾƻˣҪȥٻĴ֮Ȼܽ˱ȳǡɱǻ˾˾ܵץסٿĪ磬޻Ȼ˾˾˳ȡȨ
ֱҡͷ̴ûͦõģϧңƽԭ˶񶾣ȻԭҾѾ֪ǲò̾һ³ʱƽԭŮȷǣ
֪ϤǵĹƺҾ;ֱ뿪ˣصУҾ͸ŶҰⷴŶҰԣȻˬҽϸֱ߳Ѿ˯š
ڶ죬ȻûзԭĹһ쵽ʱ֪жˣٻеǶ˯ȥ
˵仰ҾͰвã˵ʵ̫ˡ
Ȼֻ᲻ĵ㾹Ȼô˵˰
˫շ죬ҿңٻɬϾδ¡û˵ʲôֱӵİһۡ
һĶͷˣ˯УΪԭٻ߲񣬺޷
ŮеΣû뵽һ˵£ٻСĵǽҾͺ͹ùһȥһҪúýѵԭ
ٻڵ¸ҵöǺǣ
Ůȥ󣬾ԴǴ˰ΧֱӽٻС
ȻԼӪʣΪ˽ʡҲΪ˰ȫȻŮסһԭһֱ͸ڳӺֲǴкȻ֪ΪԼļƻжҲ׼͵Ϯ¾ÿŶҲӦƷ
ϵʱ򣬹ȻֻһӰٻУȷûʲôº齱Сˣˣٺ٣
ʱͻȻŵıӱøסԭŵң
ҰѱӸסԭ˾һٴЦǸҿɲСˣ
ԭҴø˵һƴ壬ֱӴ棬ʱԱ߾ŵԴ̳ǰΧסõ
ԭƿӣֻѾҴͷһ׵ģŭǸʲôԭǸҶò
Ц̤⣬ȡĵѽһΪĸɫļһзû뵽Ȼԭ㰡
ԭץ˸߲ƿԣֻŭ㡭
ͻȻĵԭͼ蹫ն
ԭһӺµ㡭㲻ﲻŹġ
ٻʱŶһٻһȻ֮飬ҰƽԭҲó˰ɣȻôʵҵļƻأ
ȻϣôĶȻƽԭ˵ע⣬ֻżŮһЩҽһԭ֪¶ŭǺ˼Ҷϣһͣ
񶼲ĵ㻹ңҹͼ죬ҵץסðﵱնף
ƽԭ֪ڴȥΪ˱סԭ̾ҹܽ޷뽫ҵϣǧɱҶұ֤ԺҲ£ǵ˶İţ
˳Ƹһ̨׵ҿڷ˵ϣʱɱҪѺȻܶٻи
ƽԭæȻл
ֵȻʱҲɱ̫鷳ˣٻĵģ
ƽԭʲô֪˽̸̸ųһԣҲܱ֤ҲҶǵ͹һúụ̀ܽ
ҪģҾ㲻˽̸ҵĵȻˣҾ˽̸̸ˣ˵
һ֣ԴȴԭһйѺȻ͸ƽԭڡ
ֻǽʺƽԭ˾ͻˣֻʣҸоõ˵ȷڣʱֻƽԭüۺһⰺȻȻ΢ڶ˫ֺΡһ֪˼ơ
ƽԭߵǰĵĵ㿴
΢΢һЦ˵Ȼǳأ
ƽԭ˽ĵĺһ۵һرӣӢȫ鲻Խϲأ
ҹһЦһѱסƽԭỬϸ֫ĵôʹ˼ҷԭ𣿡
ƽԭһЦأѵҪ𣿡
һƽԭ˵ǺҪ˵ģ˵ĿҲ촰˵⣬ȻԭһƽԭԥôҲ벻ҾȻĿŵҪӡ
Ȼҵļƻ˵㣬ԸôɵˣҲʲôǣƽԭ˶Һô
ҷſȻûгǾ̸ˣ
˵תߣƽԭƵǰֱǴⰺȻôأȻ˵ôˣô᲻֪أǾҺúõķ̽ɣ
֪Ѿ޵Ҫϧûбİ취ҪӺֻҪصκһҪģϧȴ֪ҵļƻҵļƻֻҵūħ󷨾õ
ҺᱧƽԭˣֱӽŵϣҲûмɫĽ⿪·۵ļһ˿˿Ĵڣܿƽԭ˾ѾʼɫǺ󣬼Ⱦһϼɷˡ
ѵһ˿ҺҾͿٵĽ⿪Լ·߳໥ӴһƽԭѾȴִֶ̼ŪûܣܵѰš
һ˹壬Ȼӣƽԭ˱õȷǼƷ϶á
ƽԭʱʱħʼԶתѩ׵ĴȲҵʣȵľԼҪȫľͲˣȻȫõħҵūұϾܻˣŮˣ׼ȷ˵ŮҸˣԻǴõħ󷨡
صɭѾϪ֪ѾӿʱˣڽѾ׵ŭխ۶УΪƽԭǾÿܾ֮ûܵ룬ԵرխǸȴζ
ȴִŵֱĽƽԭѾȫʧڿ֮Уɾڸ֮ϣȫֻ֪Ҵ͸¶ȫΪһŮܵõĿ֮С
ҵľȫںϣһδﵽ߳ʱȫһ̿ʼҲûƽԭˣΪѾҵ˽ƷˣϾҲܺĶԴһŮԼȻҾҪúչΪҵŮˡ
Ѻ£Ҫܡ֮ȻƽʱΪֹԭңһõ
ƽԭԭãѾָû֪ҲԭǸƽԭˣū֪ˣֻϣܶҵʱū澣
ҵͷİɣһʱġκҪҵӦ뿪κʱһһߵģ
ƽԭ˿ĵлˣūһӦ
û뵽ħ󷨺Ȼô޷ĸԸңһ˿ҵˣͬΪſҽĸͷųԲҪƽԭ
ˣԺͶƽԭ˺õɣǲ˵ѾҵõŮӣǲ֣ƽԭ˵κҪΪƷļޣǻҡ




037 ׽

ԹУ費֪ǷȻȷǾݵõϢ
Ӧò⣬书ǹˣЩҲӦˣʵھ̫ʧˡ
ϼ޻ĵϣˡˣ˵ڼҺ͹ҶЩ֣֪ڸʲôأ
һԵӦԪݵĵүᣬΪڼΪս䱸װ
¹ԭֻڼʲôʱ˺أ
ڹҵжأҲϾһ㶯»ע⵽Ҳġ
治ɫĵֻڼ̸⣬˽棬ҲΪ룬ĳΪڼʲôõģ
ӦԪҲûݾͻԭλ֪ˣ治ỳʵѾϲҲûӹǵõϢҲûлɡ
ʹ˻ǣƣҲֻǱǺ
ʱڼǴԵسȻӦúú׽׽ʵĺʹԵıװս¹ӦûңⲻǺ𣿡
ʱ˵һǣλҲҪ⣡ˣݷȥˣҵ𣿡
»صûСȴʮΡ
ȻΪʲôͻȻ˵һжУҲûЩֻݷ˵ʧ֣Ҳͬле㵣ģݷ˻ǱȽصġ
´ӹлֻһĽķ䣬һҲ⣬ȥֱӵô
˻شүֽѾ˳Ѿʿ׷ϳ裬Ųúܿ׷ϣʱֻ³ôĶ֪
ЦãȻԣǾ͹ֲˣǼˣҲԲŹˣݷ˵²ôˣ
үݷ˵֣ȥЩ¶˼һʵڡү᲻ǳģ
³˼һܣʱҿߵģݷʧٵͬʱǰˣȥֳϢ֪ͨң
˹ȥˣݷ˵ʧٲ⡣
һ糣ĴųǰƽԭӦԭҲȥκǰ鷳ʱ㣬ֳӦÿ쵽ˣҵĹƵĻǾܵҺпܻ͵ϮܸܵȻ֮ЩɱڵɵϣȻܸӦǾжԶ
ҽʿźãݴ͡ٻУŶЦɣʲôʰƽԭ˵ģȻôǡ
˵껹˸ɫ
û˵õİ취Ҳ
ôڳԴװԼҲû뵽ʱһĸŮ˷ϵҲȴûȥˡͷæ뷨˦Ժ󣬿ǽȴǸˡ
νҲ˵֮ƽԭ˽ΪҵӦԺκһкðˣǲõˣ
漴תͷݵݶû۳Ͷ٣ٻҪע尡
ݱҲԹôͶƽԭˣȴûһҹĵĻǽеԹҲûˣҸĵݶܺãúٻܿģ
ٻЦù㰡ֻҪгڣͿˣ
ֵĿһۣҲûϣԣĽڻУᵽҵᣬ²ʵĵ˼ҲҪ籧
˵Լ˽գһ۾ݽ㲻˼Ҳ绳ɣ
΢ý㿪Ц
ҹЦⲻǺܺãҺ
ſԱŤͷҵһ۵ҲҪǿӵҿʱӭأ
֮Աǵ˭Ҫӵˣ㲻˵ֳҪ͵Ϯ׼ûУ㣬ҿǲŹһҪȫ£
Ҿ˸YESMADAMһ֤񣡡
һӢŮֵĿңҴûʲôûʲôϾͿǷηˣ
һְϽҷ˵Уֻǵһۣҷ˵Щˡٺ٣ֻǽнУԺɾˣ
ºڷɱҹֻһȺǱ뵽ӪʸǶһ£һƣ˾ͷֿƽӪʣóЩ˵죬Ҳ˵ֳˡ
ǽӪʷΧϿʼɱǵǽЩӪʼȫǿյģֳ˷ֺףϴƣ˳ˣֵǣôߣ߲ӪʵķΧͺЩӪȦһ
ҴڲԶͷӬһܵģᾪȵô£ô򵥵ĵطôܲ
ЦɱСҲƣУйٶԻǿĶǻ󣡡
᲻аĿһͿо濴Ĳһ˳ֱԭˣüëһĵôûƭɣ
е۹⿴ңһڣҵң
һȻ治֪ôˣͺһ治֪ʲôѵõġ
ϻȻǰһҰڲƽ𣿡
ᵱȻ֪ҵ˼һû׷ɹһ۵ô죿
ʼܼ򵥰ѾסˣǾϳʱˡֳ˾Ը
ȻҴƣûʧЩ˶ɻĿΧȻҲϷңֻǶһٴеĿңҿһۣĵֳˣ»ˣֻ㵹ùˣ
ֳĵ裬ҪΪܵõȻǶ㷢ˣǽ;Ҫ㣬ǽ֣ǵ֮أ
û뵽ֳ˻ܱ侲սɳˣϧƫƫµĸһɱңǾֻ˵Լùˣ
ֳһ֣ЩȺΧ˸ƸᣬȻԸֳˣȻЩνĸˣֻ֣һǿƾЩֳԾ˿ͷ
ǽΧסʮѴźĽȫкҲмЦţͻȻ˫һչЩ쵽ҵʱȫǿǽֹԲ˿һסǵĽֺܶȤĵǾֻôһ㱾̫˰ɣҿɾͲ˰
Щڵı黹ǾʣһҴǾһ㣬ͻȻջЩ˵ĽŹԷɴңǻΪߣϧǵĽ̵ҵʱˣΪ̵Һȫ۶ˡ
ղ֮ƾǵ㽣˵ǲŹأЩ˲ĺˣоŵĽеħħ
ʵ벻ôĽ̵ֱҵ壬ȴ˺صĽȫ۶ϡ
Цˣ
䣬ͻȻģҴģӰͻȻɳüӰǻûӦʱֻ˼ʬ壬ȫһ
ͬʱֳ˽֣᱾ϾǲĹŵӣǾڵ貨΢ڲ֮ءֻж̽кֳ˶ȥֳԽԽľǰŮӵĽɱ⣬ȴĹ
ֳ˱ϾǴɳϻģȻ·磬ǻסֻȴ޷ҳὣʱֳ˱Ͼ뷽跨ܣȻռϷ磬һʱ֮仹޷ƿķأеļ
һǰȻֳץסһ϶Ϊļʱ©һһ̳ᷴӦ죬нһ񣬴꿪Ľͬʱ˵ֳ˵ֳ֣˲ϵˣץסᣬнһֱͣȡᡣ
һֳʱ̽һһţӳĽܡϧȴˣһҡ
㿪׼·ʱͻȻһƶסĺ󱳣ҵɵסֳҪܣҪ׷ֳͻȻסΣܶһĻԥһֳ̽˵࣬򵥣ֳ˾죬ӷ
ֵȫ㶨ˣ㰲˰ɣ
һֳ˵ͷʱºԴҲˣҶԴЩһ£
Դǣӣ
ЩڿҵĿ⣬ֻг羴ٺ٣ԭǻͦˬעĿĸоǲģ
һж㶨ˣЦŶô㣬ǲǸø㽱ܲҰ׸ɻɣ
ûô㲻ɣûһɱֳˣ
ǣ˵öԣһĿ๤
ҿ̾ĵ
ģһЦˣʱ㻹ǵù
˵գչһ£뿪һѱסǽ޵ĺ촽ȥ
ҷ˺ô󾢲˿أ̴У׽סǿƷҲŷſЦĵϣҿ׬ˣһ㶼ˣ
Żδһ촽
ģƫûа취ԼղҲʧҵУɴǵһۣ㻹̰ģ
Ȼĵǣ̰ģôǵأ
æıˣ
˵ˣ뿪ʱȴһ˿΢ɲ΢Цϸ飬Բǰǿĵ֡ѹ˵Ů˶ǿڲġ
ҵĸ첲ͷҵļϵ滵ȻöԸҵжԸ㡣Ҳ϶˼ˣ
ְһ۵󻵵ˣöݽˣ
§סµĽ߱˵ʲôãѵҵ²ԸһԺһңǸã
½ЦҪŬŶǽö޸㣬ʱͱ˫ؽˣ
ǵȻˣϣҪŶɵ𲻴ٺ٣
һЦ
ķȭɫߺĴҵţøҰĦһץסС֣õߣһ£Ц߰ɣһ֮ҹŶ쵽еҰ
ҼŶ߳⣬ֱӽе
ŶĽҵУҴ߽ȥĶ˵Ŷɬ£ҵķˣ̣ȻһҹɫսɱŮף




038 Ī

Ϳ쵽ˮˣǰöɽ׼ʱȴֻһƤڣԼʮ塢ӣϽ֧ƵһѳʵĽ㣬ֱͦ۾â˸ˡ
Ҳͦߣʱ̵ϥµ׿ݼүһ֣ͱҵ׿죬֮ޱȵ𾴣ǿջ־ܽ𣬶ҵ书
Цˣ̫ˣֶ˰֣
֪ڼѵӵܱ䣬ʵôҵģǲʲôҪ飿
׿Ƿ֮Ϊүͷ̽·Ƿǰ;ƶүظ֪ͨү
ҺĵǲǰʲôҪԸǣ
׿ͷˣ֪˭ųϢκ׺֪ү䱦ԹŮȥǶ׼ҪŮ
ʱԱŵüκǱôǲ᲻ܰɣ׿֪ҵĹϵΪŮԶҵӣҲֱӵˣȥԵ״Ϣ˱ǣЩ¸ⰲŵģ
׿ֱӳƺΪ˵ҲûʲôƽʱѾռ˺ܴˣһƺҲȥ˵ʲôҿȴ뵽Ǻ󣬺ٺ٣
²ΪʲôκҪ
ڵ϶κ֮ȨˣϾκ¼ɣŪˣƻҲ
ٻе֪Ǻ£§οٻģгڣû˵㣬Ҳ޸ˣ
һеٻûôˣֻСèһɵңҸ֮ɫ
׿ˣү̽ӻرЩлκĲɱּţҲɱү
Ҳмĵǽ޵ļһɱңǳ˵Ρ
׿ֵүҴ˴ԼһˣΪүļҽү
ҵͷǺúñǣЩκĲɱ־ͽҰɣҪ֪κ˶ǲҳ裡
һɶصţڳŮķģҲ⣬Ŀʡ
׿ҸǾһ㣬һãúñȫ
ˮȻɺӣȻѾ׼϶ǶɺʱΧǣϧֲɵӣǵļôƭң
Щ˴ʱǴ󲿷˶Ѿɺӹȥæ񷥣׷ǡ׿ʵүҪҪǷż赲ǣǾҲ赲ˣ
ҡͷˣͿҵİɣҺúչʾһʵ
˵գʲôӦһԾѵˮˮ㼸º󣬷ɵУһţˮͻȻһ
Ҵһȣɽ
˫ƳǾ޴ˮһ޴ˮ׷񷥳ȥ˶ǵһ⻹õ
˲ˮûһܶˣٴˮ棬ԾڿУ΢һץͻȻһѵˮӽ𣬶γɽ״˲佫ˮ˱һƴڱϣ޴ıֱȥֱˮף˾κˣǿĺڽΧˮ涼ʼ˱
һˮϵѾڷˣûü׷иǰңµľԼˡ
Ҳǿ־壬ҵǿݣϽȾܣѾڰϵŶǼ£һ򵱹ĪˬӢˣ۵ĳңкǼӢ۵ӣһ㣬Լķ
ٻжҸˣڣʲôҲģһܱ޵κġ
пǼ侪ȣΪұֳʵ˵ѾԤ룬ʣʦҲ˰ɡҵӰѾӡУҲһ̵ң֪ԼѾ˶ӵĸ飬
ˮµƮѾ鿪񷥣вʬ壬һ֮ˮ׷ǧѾЩƵˡ
ˮ棬ֱվˮ֮ϣû뵽Ѿܴﵽˮľ磬ҿߣ׿ѾһȺֲսУҸҿ϶ǾԲͨΪǱͨǿ̫ˣΪ׿ոǿҲǶ֡
Щռƣȥ׿ǿֲܼסֱӷ𣬿мԼʮɵľֱӴͷӹҴ׿˺󣡡
׿ǲǾսʿӵ̱ǰ֣ҳȥ
ڿУûͣԴԴһֻһƬͣʹЩҲһ˲ȫûɱ⡣
Ƽ仺һڿһƴ£ֻú󱩷һ㣬ǿѹȻһ죬ȥɳʯ
̳ɢ˶һĿɿڴֻղһƴõһӣ״һһ㣬һƬݵأЩľǿطѾ˻ǣΧһƬɫĳ£ôۣ
ں͵ԭҸղˮϵһּµƻŵľս亹ֱжڻǲҪԸңΪʵ̫ˣ
˶ˣѾҵ˵ƽԭȻװ𾪵ı飬ȴǷǳԼ˾ˣ̫ǿˣǿΪʱҸǿ󵽹ĪУ˵ƻѾģ׿Ѿ֪˵ʲôˣֻ֪ܸңһ˵ˣ
תϴŵ΢ЦˣǸˣв۵ǵ鷳Щ³ǵİ
ǰδеĸеȥκõģΪǿ֮ˣǿֻ˶ģҶҸǰδе𾴣ºܿʹȥʱµ˶֪ҳǾǲˣ




039 һ

ˣеʿҽƽԭ˵ЩҽǶҾҲҵģˬٺ٣
Ȼȥƽԭǳ춯˵壬һͲңʵ̫ˣҪӦ¶ݣūǰӭˣ˺úóū澣
һѱôżҲһԣҸ㿴ڴϵӢˣ
ƽԭ˾ӭңҿ壬ˣζʮ㣬ʮǣʮ绢ŮǿʱȻǺݺݵ
ƽԭţϼգ̫ˣūʵǷǳ㣡һֱõ˵ĶͺˣҵţĻõģҵģȥκ˺󣬾Ҵ뿪ʱ򣡡
ƽԭ˴ʱҪūκߣΪ˴̽Ϣūһõģʵļƻֻһ
ҵͷ֪ˣԺ·ôߣ㽨ңϾϤ
ƽԭ˵ɹںӺ󣬳߶ʮ죬ܵˮغĳҵˣʱͿֱȥصʲôˣ
ҵͷҲãˣԭûлʲôɣ
ƽԭ˽ĵĵ˷ģҵĻˣҸκа취Ըỳɵģ
ԭȻǸ׳գû취ôᲢء
ƽԭ˵صԼУŮڡµλôˣڵΪ𣿡
ҿڻѾȫߣһǰۣŶЦɴƽԭջ𣿲֪ƽԭǵķ𣿡
ұסŶǼͦ˫壬е㲻ˣŶҪöˣΪһģ
Ŷ̬һߵ£Ҳַšһұһֺ
ˣҪ˯Ⱥˣ
ûκΪʲôҪƻԼһôˣεκҪﲻ٣κĲĵûô򵥣
ҵֹͣȻŶǷļͦһµʵⲻţκҷֽ£Ƕ֪ɣ
ŮͷȻҼʵּҺʵ˭ҲóģعҪ֣׵壬ȨϣܽºϲԻͨһַ
һвʵκΪʲôҪƻأ
һ£κΪĹϵΪٳҺϲˣϣܽҺһ»ָʱǿĽϧǱϾǶЩ˽ˣκȻϣʧȥԼıѾԻҲκǶǳɵ
ʵһ뵽ͬʵ˵κҲҿ϶ӦòϾҪٳⳡλˡ
һֱ뽫һ֮ǰƽԭ˲Żͼ£ҹ˳ǣȥɱκǸᣬֻҪȨգʱҲ취
᲻м̣֮Թƽ֮սԪˣǳ롣
ͬȷΪƽ֮սԹһǿתʢΪ˥˶ԣϣΪҰĺܴ󣬵ҲֱعȥϧǸ̥Ȼпʱܹع
ععҲ󿪳ţ̥ʲô˸ʿ䣬عȡԶ֮ߣȻǹһʵսĹӣһˣҸо
ҵķŶ϶⣬ŮŸ°ɡһǶƽԭţԹȨ䵽У԰岻òֵչһµζˡ
ŶĵǵκȥҲñ𣿡
Ұοİɣ϶ΪһüֵʱվһߣæұˣڵƽԭѾԭǸƽԭˣҵӦڣҲ֪ļƻ𣿺οҵı£κҲң
˼ĵﵥκĲҲΪƻԼֹһľ֡ΪҲв
ǰﵥܴһʼѾκĲȥκκĲ̽ϢȻҲйҵ¡ֻЩñҴܣ
ôκĲȥκĵһĿ꣬ȻȻصԹӦҵģһҪɱ£
ҴӦһ쵽
˵£ȻӦһˡ
ôһҪģٻҲºģûǴٻͶ˵Ծ£϶ǱˣԲŻᵼ˱硣ʵǸɹ׳ĵط
ȻôҲµģҿɲĵ¡
һôҲܵģΣȲ˵֮սκʮʦһûκӰƽ֮ԹҿԻӵ˵ҿɲһ
ҿɲУǺܷĶĶǣÿ춼ҪűˣҪűǺ˵һ£ǾԲʺҡ
ʵ˵״Ҳп˼һԭΪϸͳȨֻ֪˼Žӵͳᳫֻ֣иۣʵִǿ˼±׼ϣιʵʷ棬ֻڵĸøݼޡ
ִ˵Ǿ̫α˵㣬һִӵ˼Ϊ±׼ǾԿԣᲢʲô˶ʥˣʱīҵ˼ִˣֻ뵽ǾԲܡ
ȺָӦǻеɱˣҽı֣κĲҿȥ·ϣҶˣʿʢвԭļҽͶ˵Ǵǿҷʵ˵˵ɱˣɱ𰡣




040 ɫħ

Ǽ·ϾȻǳɵһЩˣҿǵĴ絹뵽˰ˣֻɫҴңвõԤУܾúᷢʲôһɵҿʼע
Ĺ۲죬Ըоɭﲻ̫Ծȶ̫ˣ̫õӦĽȴɭ쳣ҾþǱǰһ
ҺŮУƽĿ£šٻе㺦µĵ̫ˣٻܺ¡
Ŷһ԰οŶκ¶зڣҪġᱣǵģ
Ŷҽǲǰɣ
ǿҺӣһѵ˼ҽأô˰ʲôأ
һعһºûʲôֻºܹŹ֣Ҿÿʲô°ɣ
µڣûʲô£
Ҷٻٻģһжڣһᱣģ
ٻһУ׵ٻֻҪڳ߾һҲˣ
ʵ˵ȷ̫ƽˣëȻĸоòٻ˯£Ŷߣºᱣǡ
һߵ͸͸ǹ⣬¹ڵ棬һɫɴʱ߳ȷܹŹ֣ʲô𣿡
ҡͷ֪ҵͱˣˮ
ῴһۣʵ컹ȥ˯𣿡
ĻһЦãΪŮһһ˯𣿶ҵı£ѵһʲô˲ɡ
ЦҽҹȥϢɡ
ҵʵŲɣǵԼҪСģ
͸ŹĵҾ֪Ǻҵġ
бҪ飬ʲôأߵӪ⡣ŴȻ¿һڿ̽ңҵͻȻʧ
ǿ̽ҵ˾ˣûӦѾסˣҾȵǾȻһŮ̻¶С£ȹ¶һ˫Բȣֻȵңвûп־壬ǳ֮ɫ
ҽ⿪Ѩоһ£վֵʵôң
Ůе㽹ĵͿˣи˵ÿָ֣֮Щ׶Ķｫȫɱˣ
ɻ֮ʲôܲ˵
ŮҡͷҲֻ֪ô˵ڵơ
˼ĵô˵ǰЩ˾ˣǶǸϽ뿪˰ɣأΪʲô߻ң
Ůʱһе˼ϲ㰡һһ뿪ģûҵᣬҲСҲʧȥϵҪ뿪ˣ㣡
˵껹ʵظһм˼ǴʵǺˡ
ʲô֣
ʵŮĵ˼ҽģأ
Ҵһ£û뵽ȻģһΪء΢һ񵫻ϻصҽг裡
Ľе֪˭ڿǴأ㶼¼أ˼ҹȻûˣ
ô죿ѾѻȥˣҲûʱذɽ
˼Ҿ͸ˣǰ˶ˣϰʵ˼һزȥҲûʲôϵûʲôˣ
һµ͸ҰɣҺ󣬾ҵŮŶ
ۨۨЦ˼ҺϲزȥˣȻ͸ˣǻǸϽ뿪ɣ˼ҵǸ֮Ļ֣
ãҸȥŶԣ
ľôУһģ
ЦǴ֮ôҿɲ
߰ɣʰνĴ֮񣡡
˵գҽıڻУƮȻСֻܾСèһСҸղžʶɨһȺۼţһܸоһǿƣҪڽŵһ㡣
ܿҾҵǹƵԴͷҴһôִϣһһۼ˵ɰǧͷҰǡĲ㾪æ棬͸¶ޱ𺳵ɫ
ȺעмһͷͨҪܶ࣬һ˸ߣһ׵Ƥë¹ɷƯ߰վȺ֮УǶҿһĶԼĳ
ʱ쳤Х۹ʵʰͻȻңҵͷ΢΢ƮɢҴ󾪣û뵽ôԶҲܷңȻҲûȥԼȻܷңȴ򵥡Ҷߵĵúôȥ
˵겻شæȥᱻɱģˣ˼ô죡
ҸһĵЦݣȺʱǶע⵽ңȫڳһս״̬ںڰиԣʱ¹ⱻƲڵס߸ʼ谵
վЩǣҲ£ֻǶֻɫľǷǳ棬Ϊֱǲ˼飬ѵһֻͨ
ȫɢű˵ƣϧһӽұ㻯ΪΡһŭ𣬺ַϣֻȺӵңŴˣĺΪҵġ
ҲŲæȡԼۣߣᴵ䣬ƽ͵ĵȺ֮УеǺܵӰ죬ǱɫʧӽҵǶѾûйʶˣֻǶԡ
ʹҲ࣬ҵҲӿ־лָֻо崺磬û̹һƬƽ
ͻȻһԴѹһУЩҲѣûңֻ˵һԣߵǰҺһһҷۣЦս𣿡
һҰڿƵǾɣˣԺ͸Ұɣ
ٶȼ죬ȴԾƶӽʱɱܹöԷʱлرܵ۶Էж죬ҶܴӦԣ壬Ҷһ
Цҵģûʲô˼ˣ͸㶯İɣ
ԸжѸٵǣõİ취Ȼ̫ˡҵһǰһһΪһΪڿ̫ļơצſһɫƿϮ΢࿪壬ȻһצһճһᣬжһԣһнֱǱϡ
ҽɣûʱ̳סٴιʵ˵ֶͨĻҸұ֤ԻٶȺǿĹ֮£ϧҡ
̫չ򣬼ʹҲΪķ̫е㽥֧ˡҿһ۵Ҫ𣿡
ǴΧǶǲǲ
ʵ
ֶֻҺһҲ϶ȷǲεǾʶʵɣ
˵ֻʹ˻֮ȫչɽǿƽǶѹڵأֻǿ֧š
ڵҾͺʧһҾȻҾأһֻȻأ
ջƣЩҶôҪǲҵʵһΣ
ǰϣֱӶԱߣͷҵȣҺٺЦΪˣ֪˭ǿ˰ɣǶ߰ɣߣ
ֻǳХһǶ뿪ˡ
£˼ҵ㾿ʲôˣȻ֮Ҳˡ
ߵԣǴ֮Ҿˣ
ĻҵĻˣͷҲ̫ˣ
˵§ҵĲӣǣȻֵ޸ˣ
ұģȻǣָӪضȥܿ͵ӪأҲ뾪ˣĺҵСļѾУ㽫ҵҺú÷ɣ
ǵȻˣҪΪֹ
˿ǾͿ㣬˼һֱڵ㡣
һͷǻó󲼣˯ĵطţƨһţ￴ˣˬɱţ
ǰһΪԼȻôһ˸оΰɡſڴǰ˸ǷӣŴ˯ˡ
ҴʱѾĿ½¶ʹκĿΪ֮ѣѩ׽˫ٻҵַһֵǧҵȻѹϣȻŮӽΪţ󻶣ܿҲǹд˵˯ľ
ڶ죬ıҸɵû˯ţˣſˮ˯ŵӣʵ޷ʲô֮񣬸һĹʲô
Ůľңû뵽һͿվһֻɫǰȻһ󾪺ͬʱҲĳˣᵹ׷ĵ£ĵôͻȻһŮˣ
ҵȻϰ췢ºĵˣôҲøˣǺǣͻȻ޸ǡŮȻȵĺкǵȤܿתƵϣģֱɳﹷˣŮ
ŮţŵҵϢҲͲˣܴ֪ҺЩ˹ϵУҺ󻹺ŮĸһȻӣ޵
˶ͻȻôһȻ֣ҵı£ȻûʲôܵģǺżչֳٶҲһȡ




041 ִ

ȥ·࣬ȻżȻЩģȺں֮ܶԸ˵ġ
˵ҽ̵һ׼󷨣һǶ֣׿ЩӢ֡Ҳûг֣Ҫҳ֣ǾܸĽˡ
ԭļҽΨǴӣԭֻԼдƢٺ٣Լá
һӨĴȻôҺúϢˮ峺ˮݷżȻͣŸϷ裬һ˵Ȼ⡣
ŮҲúϴϴӣһΧᣣ澡ˮҲ̲סˮҿǵɴ۾뿴ѹ·˭֪ȻòŲҿˮˡ
һǿһЩĻǺܲأͬͬ͵ĹǸˣȻֻǾһƳһǷֵ˫壬˵ıͦƽʱҲأϾ赶Ūģؿɲ㡣
Ҳ鷿Ӱ죬Ӧʵ֣벻֪ǬûŮƷֻԼˡˣ㻹ңٺ٣벻ɣһĶţԣ۹
ʱٻŮŸŮϴ·ŮûǴӦýдͩʹ̰ɣͱٻԼһ꣬ýˣڣֻ۽͵ң̬ߡ
ʵҲóٷ磬Լ˰գʹŮķģٻĸҵĻȻᱻ޵ˣڼѾ澺Ŷİ˸ŮˣٶҲ࣬еħ󷨡
ŮûȥʵôȥһˮȻ֪ҺŮĹϵ˵⻰Ǻݺݵһۣ˼˵ԲҿΣû˵Ҫ
ɫɲأǳҲҵˣҲɴ󵨵§סŮŮû뵽һôȻһϾͽߵһУҵ˫ᱡЦ뿪󣬵ʱ͸ٻһ޸Һ𣿡
ͩ־ϲĵǹŮȻ㹫ޣܼ޸ӣǶ˵ĸֻ˵檾ˣ
Ҳһϲ֮ɫ
֪Ǹٹ̵˼룬Ҳ⣬ֻҪҶǾͺˣҳŶǷŬŬҲȥϴϴӣú÷ɣȥɣ
ŮҲȥŮһˮԱɫɫĿŮż¶ķ۱ΣǴɫޱأ
ʱƽԭתֻĵˣͿ쵽ˡūѾҪļޡ
§סϣȻİɣһжңڹǰ㶼ᱻ޹ȥֻҪסˣʱҽ˴£ߵʱȻ㣬ԺǰԳūˣ
ƽԭ˻ֵ̿ĵǷҪˣǧҪū澰ûˣū澶֪λȥˣ
Цɵϣҷô˵ôܡֻݶѣΪѾҵŮˣȻҵŮ˳ԿԺҾ͸ĸ֣ͽƼɣ
ʵôҲΪҲǴ֮ˣñɵķƽԭĶңϻеȥ
Ƽϲĵлˣ
Ұô㻹ҵĻԺҪ֪𣿡
ƼΩҲҪϵǣū֪ˡ
ЦЦޱߴɫȻƼߣôܲһԼ֮ƼԽˣķϣҲɣϾҲֻһǿʳʱŮӡ
λڻƺϰˮˮˮˮ蹵Ӽ֮һԼ˴󹵡˹ӣʹѹκԭĽͨŦǸĵشԣأ룬ٳˮ½ͨҪսǱұ֮ء
˳ĴǧǹʲĳΣƺӵ£Ϊгž͹ںͻǣǿ˶Գŵķưʯ
Ȼּ˵óҺŮ֮⣬˶ڳ⣬ƽԭ˺ԭļҽȻڴޣϵˣһģΪҹԮ
ҰзԸ׿ŻڽӦҲԣȻһҪǶˣҲֻ˵̫ˣǣΪҰԣ˶ĵطڴһġ
ٽţֻӭӣĳ෽òãһʣЦУ۾ȻƼƽԭˣĵܵܣҪϺܶˣ˵ڱƼˡ
ǰӭӣֻ΢ЦŶҵλǳ裬ˡȻһ˲ţﰡ
͵ЦصֻǵһЦˣ
ҪΪԼʲôսĹӾʲô˲ҿɲʡ˵ȻĻش˶΢΢ȻоȻеĵȻѾˣǾͿǰɣ۳Ͷ٣һҲˣ
Ǳжǹ󳼾۾ӵĵطĸڹȻǸǵģΡ봣ڵ·ͷʾĵλ
ΪеģȻŮסطסĵطҲԺԱߡƼסһԺС
˼ǧĵҺŮͦ£ĵģôĵطסԼϴһҲһ׳ȻҲǰɫģΪҾðɫܸɾܴĸоϵİһ
ȥԼ㣬֪Ƽķϣʶ̽ȥֻ㣬ǳǷΪã
ƼܴĴ˾ǳˣ½ҲԹôҲʹģҾӦûǺѣһϵ˵ҿٻ飬ԡıǴɱõѡ
µ˵Ҫ£пܵģǸ֣ٻϵǵѲң£
ͦ£ҵģƼĻشҲ֪ҺƳˮܽȡҲҵĻٻĹϵ΢΢͸ԸȻ£ҡ
Ƽͬʱ˵ǸᱻʹģеģɣȽңֻҪһ¸ϣװΪѴӦٿԱ֤Ҵ뿪ǰɣٱϻܰңԼ鷳ȻҲ鷳ұȽ鷳ٺ١
ʱֵȷˣˣų书ߣһ·£Ҳţܵõ˰ҾʮְաҪ£ΪҴɱ壡֮ҴȨգʱ
ı㣬ֻ֪ñˣϧҲͨˣҿûе»Ǳ˭ȣ۹ҺԣҳܷƸ֮ˣСģҿ㶨¾ߣ˭ЩʵֵĴ¡
صŶסķƸУ죬һᣬʵȥˣ
½˵Ҫ̽̽·Ϊ͵¼׼
ʧЦôһļǲ֪أ
ʱҵû뵽øأ˼ҸǸˣ
ҸҴģŶһ˵Ǵڽϵ顣
ѾʱˣҲͿԶݡ뵽ﲻȥܵȵĿ⣬ݽߵĵͷ˽ҵһҸʱദһˡ




042 

ԭڴ˵ǷǳΣգҪԸˣȫͬû취ʵ
˴ȥȻˣʯŮĵһŮˣĺҸǶ˼ˡ
鷳Ǽһ죬Ϊ£ƼĻãûǿģֻǲԻ̽ңȻģɵĴشӦָϣϾܾв鷳ȻҲ鷳Һ鷳
ò״ܳȥȥʱ˵⣬Ǿŵ˵ûָʾϣǶ뿪
У˭ǰߵһû˵ĵط𣬷ɹǽ뿪ֱȻźС
ȻסźСȻɫˣǽҴһƬƽͣȲȻķ⣬ֻģưԩ
һȻ˼ңֻһѾߵС㣬˵үѾ˴үһܿС㡣ڹүɴˣֱӢ۵أ
ȻöСѾͷҲ˼Ҽ޹ȥҲһ޹ȥʱˣ
ѾɬĵС㣬С澲ңֻҪһֱС߾ˣ
Ȼ̾˿ˣڴƲ̫ãɺܻܿΪʸ֮ģϣռɣȻһ뿪
ѾߵСģ紫Źүӵ˰ҹүǴˣԲǷˣûʲôѵүģ
СѾͷ˵˼ˣǺɣ
Ҳ̲סˣҪȥȻӵͻȻάʫǱߵ춹Ϲ֦Ըߢ˼Ȼ
Ůҵ󶼲ŵתͷңȻĵɣȻˣ
ǰһӵסȻǾ壬¡һˣȻõˣ
Ȼ̧ݣֻۣҡͷɻͺˣֻҪߣ㹻ˣ
ıһƺҪ˵ںһҲֱ˴ˡ
ӵȻ£ʱֻʣʵЩú𣿡
ȻͷãֻûߣܾȱʲôƵģį
飬̧ףȥ
ô֣ȻһƬ֮ɫ˫§ҵĲӣɣҪȻɣȻҲɷֿˣ
ЦİɣȻҾԲģڲҪӵʱ֪ͿҪвʿ֤ᣬʱкܶҪ֤Ϲ׷㣬Ҫ˶ֻ֪֮ҳͲŮ
ȻһŤŽԼ˶˫ңҶߺȻһɵģȻڴڲʿ֤ϵı֣ɾȻʽͶҲ԰˶Ȼģ
һü˵԰Ҳˣ
ȻͷֻԹ޵κʵǶƻԼȻκҲ̫Ըɹ
͵ȻȻǲŮһӾͿ͸ЩһĿҲùǣֻҪºʹٻ뿪Ժ׼뿪ȥع
ȻЦɵ־عΪʵͳһµ룡ȻҲعﻹһλȻòеĹѸ壬Ȼء
ҵЦǵعҾȥҲ׷֣ǲͳ˽ãǲ͸𣿡
ȻĿһתЦܽѸҲ׷֣Ȼ˻أʱɿҪɷأӵλŮ
ǵȻˣˣ԰ǲǾ㣿
һʵ԰£Ͼ̵ĸ磬ȻͷԴ;ȻȻǰչʾĲɾ̸ι֮
ûʲôо
ȻҶԼţһʡ
Ȼεȴһۣ΢һЦЦȷǷǳвŻûɵĻл׷ȻȻڣôҲ۲԰ι֮ȻܺãʵڲʵʡȻĻ̫أǹԴΪȻԼͺȻѾһ
ŵЦ԰һҲϣȻԺͱȥԼˣΪҪʽ׷㣬԰ӣҲĽãǰ԰ҲΪ԰ӰǵĽ֮飡
Ȼ΢ȵԭ̵ʧô°ԭѾ˰ģȻ֪δ֮Ĺϵ
ҰȻǵȻǿɶΪأΪҵĵһŮˣĲҲϵġԺҵĺ󹬾ҪȻŶ
ȻЦȻһúðɹ󹬣ɿҽǵ°ɣ
ҽŮȫȻƼ¶ˣȻ
еǸȻĵԴƼ;᲻᲻ס
ȻϵɲʵҲǿˣȻŮˣõֻҪܺúöǾˣ
ܵõȻҺܿģҽס֪ˣһúöǵģǲṼİŮ˵ģ
Ȼú´һҲȥûϵܿ͵ʿ֤ᣬʱҪ˶֪ҳȻѷ˭԰ǾͲð㣬Ͼ̵Ĵ磬Ҳ̫




043 

صסֻŮڣѾˣҺЦʵ̽ôˣ
һƤһȷĵͼû뵽ôͼֻǴԻκͷݷֲʵҲҪͼҪʶɨһ飬صҶ֪
ҶʧЦò貨΢ȥ°ɣ
ôˣʲôôãûܷңΪʲôã
᲻ʵ
ûʲô˵˵
貨΢ǿңɵľѧȻֻȥ̽·Ҳȷʵ˵ײ˭ֵ
µˣղƽԭҹˣ
ŶȥˣԺҾͽƼˣûʱͲýʲôƽԭˣ
Ŷ֪ˣȥʲô°ɣҲṩһЩ鱨
ƼסĵطţƼңϰӭ˽ȥƼҵ£Ϊɱ壬ٻסҼٳٻˮڻû£Իľƻô
ҵͷЩҶ֪ˣǻûʲôϢ
ƼҵܻȥǼͲŮĲʿ֤ͣΪòѧһʱֺ÷ΪֻҪܰ취õͲŮ
˼
ҪСҵܲϣڿ˵վһ棬пܶԸ㣡г԰ӵҵĴȨݲͣ˴ǰһԭҲΪǼͲŮԿ϶вģ
ˣ԰ǲܵõȻģҵĵһˣҪµ˶֪Ȼҵġҿɲǿʱʿ֤ҪǺúÿ۽磡
һȻȥȻźСȻȥˣȴڣȥ͵³¼ʵʶɨˣͷҵĴܵУܵͨ棬ǲܵǲȥõģΪҸҪ
ڣֻϺеĸ̸ţǺӣֵܣû뵽֮Ů˸һ֣Ŷշˣ
Ȼ˵Ļڿңĺ֮ɫҵģ˵ҲΪŶڸңˣν˼ۺ죬ңô
ĻֻǵӦûʲôŶİҵģûʲôֿܷǣ
۵ɫһЦҵļֵܲͨˣշĽǣ
ʱͻȻͣüô£ͻȻһöԹһ֣˴λٻĳҲڣ֪ܳūҼһ𣿡
ֵͬȥμӼͲŮĲʿ֤ᣬ´ΰɣ
һݣɣȻͬԹԣɱң
ȻôĵūֻӶѣҴ˴ūҲȥͲŮ֤ģȻͬ·βһǰҲūҼʶһ³ӵķɣ
ôôоҪë
ϾΪɵֻõȻҵȾһǰҲֵܣ
ңǲĵģֻӲͷƤȻֻһͣǵбǰ
Ҳֻòο˷Ůӵ֮УƤϸʤŮӣһԷĿ·ȶˡ
ϸȣĽ£еʿ㣬ֽšʵ˵Ȼ֪ļʱһ
ҼòȴһƵͷǾñȺܶŮӶҪǳƯӦȥ˷һòϡ
ҵġޡǼҺ𺳵ĸоΪûӢ֮ˣĿβͬ˷ռ㣬һİɫеһ㣬͸
ҵоȻųԣԼһǰɣħ󷨶ҲЧǧҰ棺СӣҲܱ㰡ңˣϺôϷң
ЦȻԭӳ˿Σѹ˶ŮӣūҶĶأ
ʵ˵һǵһκͲ򽻵һǴݵĵ
ָЦҲҪȥμӼͲŮ֤ɣūΪƾӵò书ʸòŮģֻǲ֪Ӳѧˣ
һһūңġ˴ֱָ⣬رǿŮԻȴ뵽ʮˣ̲ס¡
鷳ôҶŵǵŵġ㡱ǸŮԲЩŮϧЦ
ĻұϻһƬȻÿɷĴǵʱ֤ϣֻҪžˣ
ʱһ״İӳųӻԹһһ֮·ϵǧĩһ£
Щ˶ͦΪǵģ·±ϾûΪе󣬵ײֳִűԻɡ
üͷôĿŵսʵ̫ˣȻιµģ
Ŀһۣ˵ɳòôܻɳӵʵأӵǸ
ֻ˵ǶҲȴûᵽɳս϶֮Ȼôǰ˷
ҲŪ̫鷳ֱӸһʡ˶ΪҳǣձȻһЦɣұһ£λɳֵõ͵ҳΣ
ǰиˣãҵ书ǺĵģɳԲǰ֣ûǰ˷
ҿ¶ŭݵɳĻǾͲñˣΪǾͱʾսҵʸûУ
˵ĻǷǳһ㲻һġЦңͬս
ɳһŭǾҿʲô֮
óԼ콣ŽֵżƮҶתһƬҶ˳ǰƮ䣬ʱͻȻ׵ĳʡ
ֻһǵ۾һգ۵˲䣬䣬ؽһ˲ĳʣ˴Ϊûʹ
ƬҶȻ䣬𾪵²ŷУҶƮɢǴ󾪵ǣЩҶ״ȫһС΢СķΡ
ɳ䵽ϵЩһС״һҶֻԼ־壬ʲôĽ
ýʱʱѾһ˲ԺĹзʮϡ
Ҫ˶̵ʱ䣬׼ȷжҶڿƮλãͬʱҪ˲֣һȻ˲ʮΣǺεȸ֡
ɳвȻ֮ɫͷ亹ֱղԼóȻȥսڱгƬľͲƬҶԼˡ
ҲǼ𾪣κ󽣿͵ĽΪȻҳ˲䶼壬˵˲Ǽʮ
ͬдźݶɫΪãΨһľǽѱǵˡ뵽ǸˣֻҪǸҪǾܹɱǰ裬⣬ҪǸȥΪԷһ
ҿɳŪô벻ȣÿ˶Ϊұ䣬һһ
Ȼ֪Ҫɱκ󽣿֮һҲ޷ģǳٶȣǳġ
ɳеĵлӡ
Ѿ֪˵ʲôˡ
ָҵǡֻȴľս⣡Һ޺޵뵽
ЦӣȻǽ׿ѹɻūҼʶ˳ӵĽ󣬶ԹӸĶأ
ҿɲˣǻǿȥͲŮ֤ɣʱҲˣ
ưԹᡱĵūҾλһȥɣ´ӳ̸
æȻȻ
ȻϰⲣҸ𲻷Ÿͷ֧ƱĿڣпٺ̸ɣ֪ʲôʱпգ
ǰȻźС֪ϾҪ˶ʶҵĲѧٺ٣ƾҶǧ֪ʶĻǲɣ




044 Ļǰ

ȻȻźСǴǴҴȻʱֻ˼ˣûȥעΧķ羰ˣϸȻСȻûиı䣬ôţͬ˾סĸǰ㣬Ŀ֮УֻһƬƽͣԺҲҪŪôװΣڽ޺úȻо
һͬȻǲʿ֤ĵطȻôڣҷν콣Ϊñľϣ澷һԣǼʱϲ뽿ߣϳҡ
Ұд˸ɫŮȻףȻѾе˶Ѿͨ뵽ǼһɺҪЩνĲʿʶʶ֮£ȢȻߣĪ˭
߽ֻ鷽齣ڷԣ԰ְ˲ֽһЩĲ㣬˲Ρ
һЩˣҵע⣬ȵȻǿˣҪˣʿװȲҷǳ뺷䵱һ󺺣ɽֽŴ׳֮磬˸ɫǴֺᣬ粲ͭ壬ƻɫòΰɢа˵
˺ĸоҵź֮ɫͺҰ޼ʱ΢һҾ֪˭ˡǽѧ˵κĲˣԱվŵӦˡ
ҵĿֻͣƬ̣ΪǶҶԣֻЩСɫҵĶֻǿף۹
һʿˣһ棬䣬ߵĹâȥˡ˵ˣЩҵע⣬Ȼֻλԡʼ˵Եѧʦˡ
ܷ·ӦҵĿһ΢̧ͷʱͻȻ⣬Ƕ⣬ǾҲֻһţ֮Աߵ˽̸۽ǻż֮ܣʲôߣȻ⡣
ʱֻһӣԼʮ塢꣬÷ǳÿԵԸسϸȳ͸ֱͦȫĵӡһ˫˫ۣ¶ǶıС
˿ҺҲһʵ˵ڳ˵ȷûܱȵȻ֮⣬ɶǴĶҶ߸ҽǸӢӵǳ԰ǴˣҴȨҿ˾ܴƣ
ȻһȨһҵڲشӰ죬԰һֶ֮ˣһ취ôȨѾɹˣӦòöã԰Ҳܴƣ԰ĸǲ˰ڲġ
԰ˣǵĵλòǴкֻȻߵҵǰƺ뽫ұȥϧٷ磬Ӣ֮ϸߵħ󷨺ͽңȵϵأ
԰ǺзȵĶĽܺ԰Ŀ¶һĨ΢Цﻹһ˿⣬ԭλǳ裬ĳ֣пջϣֽһ½
Ͼ̵Ĵ磬һҪӣǲ԰ӡӼЦˣֽ̲ҵдһµǿԣ
԰оеӵǾпնָˣ
˵ҲңԹԵĻصԼλϣҲ⣬һҾûҪһ浱ȻΪ̵Ĺϵֻ֣ѵ԰֪Ѿҵˣ̵ʱûдҸ̡οһֵܱ⣡԰ȨƴˣȻκ˷ˣ
ֻǵһЦǻشи̾˵ġԵȨʹ˾Եĸһ仰Ͱѷ⽨ı׶˵ͬʱҲаԼҪעСع˴ȨȨͷԶ
԰໥ʱǡĿ֮עӣ뿴˭ÿɡԣóĽ԰ȷѵõӣұС׼ˡ֪óۣҲֻһ亹ɡ
԰߿һǰҴкֻԼʮӢŲ֮ûΪҽܣ˾ֱҽֵܵܣܼǸ˰º
ԭƽɽ΢ЦЦÿ˵ֵӢ书߾һȻͬһ㣬Щǿˣ
ҵóк壬ǵԭк԰ϵ̫ãǺҲǿ԰ţ֮˳֣Ȼѹѹ԰Щε˶ǺöûоԵѺ͵ˣֻҪϵ仯ĵ˺ܾܿͱѡ
Ҳ뺫ʲô˵ҳʵԼ˵ıǲɣ
ύңҲΪ£ҲҺ԰ǶǶҾѡòú뿪ˣû뵽ǡ֫۱ۡŵһҵֱۣκĲǱߡ
ұһͻȻӲһ˲䣬ֱӶ˵УȥȫŮ˺ҰɣȥȻͶ̥Ůˡ
κĲ˸Ȼܵ˾¿־λ˫ȫκĲұߵ׳ʿ䣬λգʿκ
Ȼߵԣ־κĲʱüͷ΢΢һ壬κĲħ㣬վȻûҵų书Ǹ߳ɻɱԹһлᣬҪ̸У
һ֪ɱҵ£û˻ȥҲѹˣϧһҲ˳ˣ뿪ʱ˳ǶŹһ
κĲ˵껰ǰ֣Ҫ֣һ۾Ϳھ뽫ҵֹ飬ҿнղ֮ҵĹô
Ҵ󷽵֣κĲסʵ˵κĲȷǸߴͱҪ׳ҲŲһװˣȿ˵ˣе㵣ңȻǲĹңҲ˵ȻΪҰæɱ壬Ǳߵˡ
κĲһʱκĲͰһ㣬ǳˣѾֲסֹǣû뵽СĲ־ͦˣôȡˣңʲôϵֻף۹
κĲӽָ޷ңоԼһ龫һ㣬޷ҷֺһ̬ı飬дȣôҲ벻˻˱˵Ȼȥ·չ˳˵ʵǱϾûۼԻᱻΪǿʵȻҲ϶ˡ
еĹˣ·һɱ֣ʵǿ֪ʲôɵģˣֻǲ֪ôҵ⡣ˣһҲȤѵȺСɣʵôۣ治ֵǣ
ҲỹãһκĲŭգҲ¶ŭκĲͻȻּĻҩζŨΧҲע⵽ˣ˶о֮϶ʲôԹ
κĲӽ˵ȻǲõЦݣһж⡣κĲֲ֪˺ãûа취ֻôɿ֡ʱȴͻȻ˵һκĲֶãҵַ·Ƴɵļһ㣬ν֣Ǿ޴ʹκĲ˺
Ҳʿɶֹķſ֣Ҫֹ練ƣʲô˼ȻҲñɵֶζԸЩˣҲҪصĿǡ
κĲ˶ĶһۣȻصԭλ¿κĲˡΧЩ˿ǿû뵽ôǿ׳һ˾ȻȲôһˣʵҲ׼ͺȳƵļ⣬κĲһȣҲȷһЩӦ˵̫⺷Ŷԣ
ʹϯλϣȻҲҽܵˣԶҺܸȤңˣˣңޣѻ죡˼ѧʦͣˣ
Աˣֻǵһμŷﳤأ
ŷﳤܵԱǳƽȴһ൱۾ӣλǺĺǹӣ߶Ĺ⣬ΪС㿴˺ӵġ˵ѡ޲ڣʹ˴ҪӣǷﳤΩ캫˼Сˣ
ǶݣԺǵĳеǸ֪ǵĳ࣬Ҳ̫⡣ʵ֪κк£Ҳܰæ
ӲĵΡΡΪǹȻǲôüҪأ
ֻǵһʯ
ȻһһҲ֪ϵ˵ֻܴʱʢ˥˥ʢ½档ں󺵣ʵףĳǰǶڣԱ˻Ӧ鲻ˬ
üвãҲͬϾҲǺ֮ˣȻ뺫ǲôáκĲǺϵҲŸͣҶϯϡĿתң԰ͺϡ
ʱ죬ֻȻ澵ӵ½˴ҵȻȻôˣ֬ݹޣŮ·°һ٣޳Σ׵׵ļʵڶ֮
ǰ׵໨ĳӣӯƮɵĲˣĹ俪ڣг̬ǧľݡ
ֻȻ̬̬пϣ˫ȣ¶һذϾ޿޵ľӨ㡣ʵ˵Ȼ˶˵ķ飬ӵ뻳һ
˶ɫڻı飬԰ɼҵȻ֮󣬿ϧǶ֪ȻҵˣȻ۽Ǵӽʱû뿪




045 սȺۣϣ

в̨ժ¼ԭģشעһдۣдò--------------------------------------------------------------------ȻĿɨˣҵȻǰ飬Ȼ˿԰΢ͣںǺ΢ͣԽ֮һЩ˽⡣
ҵλԹĵһֳ裬ˣ
ҺЦͷ£
ȻϷ԰죬û뵽Ȼһҵ֣Ĺؾֻʱ˵֡԰ߣʵĿⶢңҵľС
΢ͬȻҲңͬʱ԰ҲȽϳȻʱźǵλǺǹӰɣݶ˹ӴȷǷǰδȻͶءԡơϵιۣ֮죬䷨ȷʱףʡɫ糺죬е㾪ʧĸоֻ֪סͷܹȻ˵һվгĵӵĲʶܵãΪιˣδκɫ
Ȼ뺫ǽãǴʱ֮˵Ͼ˵һҲȻɣ
ʱȻҲ溫ǽΧʿһչŻҲǵعȻΪΣ
ܴݴȷ˵֮ϻӲ֧䣬ҲֻƳ¶ѡֻľˮ֮ߣܰת
õô˵Ʈ֮£ʵԽܣʲôҲ𣿡
ЦȻǣӦʱˣ̽ŬĿ귽Ȼȥд£˲ܹɣ
еˣϧͲô޷ķһ⣬ԱȲܣҲ˵źˣҲеΣʵ̫˵ˣˣǾ˵ʵҲǸʵˣʱ˻ѵˡ
΢΢һЦҲ˵
ҵĻ˶עеϣȻĿ˿˿飬ȻǸҵģ˶ֲˡ
΢һ㣬û뵽һվ˵һº֪кοϷǺܸȤ
ԽԽϲעĿ㣬ݵ˵ǺҪģҲȻʲôΪأһһȻ
˶ҵĻֳ˾ȣû뵽һͦвѧǶΪֻһ԰һû뵽вѧǰΪǿУϧȻӿʼҵģӿʼûлᡣ
Ҷһ¼νʵֻǽ˳Ȼʱˣ˳ƶΪԳɹˣҲνһƮĶû֪ʲôֻеõʷ糵֣ǰԼķߣֻӰ쳵ֵһأͬżִǰһ㡣Ҫȫı˶ķֻпԼ˫֣˶ʤ죡ʷǵȳģǿǵ˫ִģ
ҵһɿԣܼ˵׳־ȻĿܵҲҵĲѧǵ˵еǱϻϷ𣿡
΢ЦȻеĹ뷨һģһǱģܴ˼һ£ֻʣһΪԼֻСôһȴΪСֻΣȫͬĽ
Ȼܼ򵥣ִ˭֪ɶǹŴˣЧǺܲͬŶȻŨŨ⣬Ȼע⵽ֻˡ԰Ȼʣʱóȴʵѧ֪챻ҴͷǶв󣬿ʵ벻ʲôңûноҡ
ʱκĲҲͬ˵
Ҫֱ˵ˣȻü΢λǣ
κĲվĵκĲ֪СûУ
ȻȻԭѧ޵Ȼѧ˵ҲȷʵȻѧޣ¾Ҫˣ
κĲҵһۣĶȻȻвˬüκĲʾһС㳤ֳڣĳȻΪ飬Ϊ˳ӦԣۣڴȻΰĹĴ룺ǿѹƣֻкͽʹ˱ⲻһµα֮ͽ
ҰзۣκĲ˵ĸдĲ࣬Ǳˣҿɲѧ˵Ӱ쵽ҵĺȻ˵꣬ұӿڵҲҲԲӣȫͬ
κĲîˣʵкβͬʲҲһֻʽ޲ͬı첻һѣ
˶סˣ԰ҲţȻҲ뿴ӦκĲġҺЦԵĲͬǴԽṹкܴ졣ڱҲžԵĲ죬˲ͬ붯˼ܷʡҪĶҲҪϵġȻ˳ܣԼǻԿȻвԼһ棬෢չʷõ֤ҲҸղ˶ʤ죡
κĲм붯ﲢûʲô𣬶˵Ĵвҿǿûʲô𣡡
ҹһЦ˵붯Ĳͬ𣿶һȥоĴԽṹкβͬ𣿡
˵ͻȻõɮһ㣬ݵ̨ʱʱڷãĪʹǳ᱾̨һδǳҪȥ棬ҪۿıʣӶ෽棬ǶȥҪļԻ󣡡
κĲʱ۲ѧʵǱȲңʵڳ˶𾪣ȻмȻҵĲѧϾûչ֣ȫģһǽиǻϲ쳣Ŀעң޲ھͶҵĻмɣȻǰɷˣ
˵ʵǾ÷˼Щпѧ˵ңȻ˵κĲƿԺֻͣǴڵ˵ĻȷΪ˹ȫ֮ģʳޣͬ඼Ź˲Фȥѧޣ´𣿡
κĲֹҲסˣܱϾˣҲκĲ裬ֻҸղǷټ˾䣬Ҳֻ̾غա
ȻʮȤϲĵû뵽ı˾ʣӸʤһ꣡ʡҸＫ




046 սȺۣ£

в̨ժ¼ԭģشעһдۣдò--------------------------------------------------------------------ھԼκĲˣǰ棬ǵ⣬ΪǺ˲ҵĻܾ㹻ˡ
ڵ֮ʱ㽫ìͷָ˲ôĺǣֻҲݶӴ۾ɣϧȴʦͬһë϶ԱԲԵлĴר̷ι֮ԹӵĲŻ;ˣʵϧ֮᱾ڡǽͰͣ˵ʲôɫͨ죬һļ˲úȫ̹Ȼ˳˳ѺһЦҲмЦЦ
ȻתͷڵĻȻҲкܴı׶˴ڣһζؾǲеģ
԰ҵ˻ᷴмֺ˼֮ǽԭ⣬۵ǵ뷨ӣǲ׻ǲҪ㿪ںã
Ȼȴ书ѧˣι֮ϾǶ߲ͬ
ҺĵԻ̣֮֮޳ܡ֮Ե£֮гԸǵΣ֮󣬱Ͼ˶ʥܹɼֻһȫ뻯ľѡʵֵθ޻̸֮ƲǷᷢչģ
˶ҵĻе죬Ͼû˷ʥ˵ĵΣ԰ߵ裬Ҳ˵ȥ
Եĵ˵Ʋõι֮һ̷ֻֻɿֻţȨѹ𣿡
ȻѾȫ⾫ʵı̹ȻĵұȽͬ⺫ӵԷƹȻԷ飡νԷƹǳ׵ķƣȨȨ룬ǰƽȣͬ
һʯǧˣ˻ȻУȻᡰһ˭Ҳû뵽ҾȻ˴󵨣Щڷ⽨Ƶʱ۵ȻúȻˣ
ȻĿһ˲˲ң˵Ļǰ뵽ģжҲǺ棬ͬģҵİҲˡ
ҲǾˣǽ͵ĵӡ㡭ȡĳˡ󵨣
κĲָЦι֮ʵʣôܻ˵Ļ뷨
԰ҲǲмҲ̫ˣ
԰ûôԣȻҲ˵˵Щۣҵı̫ˣҵĻҲһЩ˼ǾҲ磬ΪԽԼѧĶǸû취˵ùңȻԼļ˻ġ
ҺЩĿ⣬епĵЦ̫ߣЦ˿Ĺ޻޾Ƴ˽ΩҶǣ
һƲʫһٳˣ԰ʵţǰ边Ȼ˳ڳ£ôʫڵȻĿעң˿˿鰮⣡
㷢¸̾Ҳûʲô˼»صղŵĻ⣬гĵȷֽ׶ζԣǲܵģʵǻôΪΪǲܽ۹ŵøԶʼ޷ʱĿܡνĵΣ˵Ѿʵʵֻ֣ҪлˣǾԶҪ̷ȫĵֻһȫ뻯Ҳʵֵһι
һ£Ҽ˵Ʋͬȫƽκ˶ҪطɣԷ׼Ϊ׼ͬʱ壬лϵһʷչǰıȻһʵ֡ÿ˶ԼԼĺڰһ棬ֻҪˣǾͲʵ뻯ĵΣԱҪƽȶԴÿ˵ķΪϵԼ
ҵĹ۵̫ӱˣһʱ֮䣬˶޷˵ĵȷʵҵĿڲţҲ벻ʲôܷҵĻȥûӦüǾ侭Ļֲ˵һ˶𾪵ĻԵȨֻʹ˾Եĸ
һ仰ĺĳӣڸ˵ѴǸ˫۷ų⡣ǵһʶһң˶¶Ȼ֮ɫΪȨƵʱҵι֮ȻǺǽܣǺʴ̼
ҵһЦ֪λ̫ܽ˵ģ˵Ӧòɣ˰ɣĵ˲ǱˣԼܿ͹ԼսʤԼĲߡηֻۣԵ߲㣡ףԼĵˣ
ȻηֻۣԵ߲㡭ʵ̫ˡ˼Ѿأ
԰˰ãΪȻѾסˣһҪ취ʲô취أ
Ȼʱ˹һȻ۽磬ι֮ǴӱʵȻ̾
κĲɫ̫ã԰ɫɫ˰ɣȻжҼʣǿ԰ܾ޷׷Ů˵ֶΣҽͷǳһ˭԰š
ʵ̫ʣȻһΪְɣ
Ȼóһֻ̴ڣʤö·޾İ⣬ůΧţ˶һУ԰Σ
һȻӾ֪סˡֻƺ飬Ȼۻʵû۹ƿһֱעңȻ˶޷֡ʱ˳֮УȻ˫˵۾עңİ⣬˿˿ͨݵС
óȻһʱںһ𣬲ֱ˴ˣ˵˵ʱһˡ
ôѹŷԭҺȻں࣬ȻвʣҲòɷ費ȻڳĿֻ԰ɫѿˣ͸¶źݶɫ컹ûôǰ֣Ѿ˷ͷ
ѣƷֻ̾ӦУ˼ĵüǣ
һʫ䣬۾Ϊ֮һƸпĵӵĲɣʵ£ºҵˣ
ҲǶҾȲ죬û뵽Ҳ书ǿǲŶѧ˾أò¹ˡʱȻֻܽԼҵѹƣ̫Ե΢΢ĽԳļֻȻҪ磬ϣλҲʱ٣ʱȻλ̸
֪ȻܼߣȻܵദԽ˼֮ࡣ԰ż⣬úñһӮ˹Ļᣬϧһʼעʧܣ
޳ҪĲǻ죬Ҳǵȴ죬ץס졭ͻȻ뵽ô仰ǸͻȻƫˡ




047 ʯŮ

Ĳʿ֤ȴᣬδϾЩ˵ıʮ־ʣ벻ǲ˼ӱ۵㡣Ҳˬľ԰ˣкҲҴһ̫խ˰ɡҲȥƽˡ
Ҫ뿪ʱֻȻ£ȻԳӵӱ۵ι֮ʮͣϣ빫Ӵϥ̸һ
ȻֻҵĴڣʱˣ԰ɫ࣬ԴȻ;ΪˣԸԼĲѧ书ŲܴʯŮǽֵǼȻȫֻעǸˡ
԰Ǳ飬ˬװŴ󷽵һ¼ֵܵͲŮĵ룬ֵܺϣü˰
˵ҲȥЦֵܣøüͲŮ˹Ŀ࿴ǵһܵ˴˰ϲˣȻȥˣ
һǿʺͺݶɫܵȻ˵룬Ȼɷˡ
߹ֻʣҺȻЩҲ뿪ȻҲ̲סһһУĵɣղŵıʵ̫ˣȻɷˣ
΢Ц˵Ҫ֤ҳΨһʯŮˣ
Ȼɣ쿴ı֣ȻǶˡ˼ҲˣɣռȻɣȻõɵİ
᲻˵㣬ڱ˶ԣǽżȻתһ룬Ҫϲᣬ㹻ʱ䣬ҵҽȻҲӰ쵽Ļʲôõĵģ˵ʲôأηηβɲҵ硣
뵽ұᱧѾȻЦȻˣǾΪú۰ҵĽޣ
Ȼ۱۹סҵĲӣ˿ĵǾͿȻɣȻҲܲˣ
˵һǣǼͦѹҵš
ϵĽӴϵĦҵȼ֮ԭ֮ƿʼҵȫͦȻĹɴȻȻܸܵõֵĺһ۵ɣɣ

æȻص룬ϣѹϣӣ˫ϲϵߣȲĽ⿪ѣȻҲǻİȥ
ҼȻǷ֬Ͼ壬ÿһط˵ǰˮۣʮ㣬ͦڿУ׺̺죬ĶŪвλ
˫֮У̰˱㣬̺죬̽صɭֺɢ۶Ȼʵƽıʮħģ鷺ĵ͸ַ飬˲԰ε˵ϡ
ͦķȻǽխͨϮֵǲ㱡Ĥֻüͷ΢壬üһζ˫ͷ˿˿ؿУʱʹ
֪ʱˣһ˶ŭǲ谭һƬõءȻ΢۵ʹһ漴㱻ϮĿû
һ𣬴ʱܸܵԷԼƺ飬ȻסңӭңҵķеƺҪҵŭڵͻ֮ͨ뵽ڣ壬תһȦ»صϡ
Ҽڸţϵÿһ磬ǵȻѾʲôŮҵ֣ŵӭң˽ϣᵽʯŮһ𡭡
ɢȻ㼵һУ΢׵ϻһ㵭̺죬ǻø߳ϡӵȻĺһˣҸĵȻȫӵˣ
ȻͬҸĵɣȻĺѾˣ˼ҶŪû˼һ˸޷ɣȻŮɣ
Ұķ۱ָмѣ˿ỬĻҡͷˣĳҹҪģкܶӣðԼİƽָÿһˣǽԼİȫޱ׸ңѾܶԲˡģ߾ֻҪھˣ
ȻҵĻж§סңǣΪǵһΣ֮ʹڣ岻һҪġ
´ãҪˣȻҵЦǲܼˣҵȴһʹ˸뿪ǵʱͲ÷ֿˡûңסȻǾóʱڳĺĺ
ȻĿΪ֮һҵɵʫվ֮ߣȻֻһֱɻУΪȻʫʡ
ĶͷҾ뿪ȻҵҩôˣһϢһ¡ߵʱȻǸѾߣò쵰Ե˿ɰһҾ˫շ죬ɬĵүҪūɣ
ͦɰҲϲȻ뿪ͬʱʵʲô֣
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С䰡֣ͦҺϲ
С俪ĵĵллүϲС䣡
棬ɰֺɬС䣬һ£һֻңҵ۵ϣС使ߵĵүҪС䡭СԸ⡭
΢ԵסС죬࣬С鲻ԽĽסң˻ҷſˣԺеʱ򣬽£ʱСͻǸһ뿪ȥɣˣ
˵գȥֻСĿճҵıӰ֪СϴǸȻ˵˼ǸѾߣȻҪ޹ŮȻҪΪ޹ʱִ˶Է⽨ĿΣòϣΪһˣȷǺˬˡ
мʣϻ˸УʱȴŶŶɢ˵ķ飬һһͶ㶼ɢԳޣŨŨ𣬼Ŷеĵŷ˲֪ûпգ뱾̸̸
˵Żͼȥ§Ŷ
ŶѾüڵҲ̫ϷͲˡȻ§ŶȻÿץգС޷˻ġңûУҽ̳ģɣˣô־ֵطɫǡң
ΪֻһʱңűͷŵŻңԽöǼʣ飬ϧҲǵţڵ⣬κӦ
ŶǲԸ⣬ֻŶüŶѾɵӣദ񲻺ϣˡ޷Ӧ
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Ŷ˻뿪ŶĴ˸ɫ뿪պûΣܷ룬ҰһƣҲһôõһ¡
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ҲֻŶܷŵÿ̸Ļ⣬ݺٻǲŹءͷٻصǣֻŭ˷䣬Ƽ棬һھƣȻֱڵϡƼҲ֪ô£װŵǲǼʳˣ
û뵽ȻܵʯŮĵ룬лᱧ˹飬ǵھȻŮԳһһǳԱã
ƼаϲҹȻ滹ǲɫĶȰΪأֻҪܳɹԺʲôŮ˻𣿡
ֻһʱʳͷԣϾǸϺ꣬ϻָ侲ͷģ֪ôģ˴£ˣһҪȥ£ˣ
ƼȻ֪صڸʲôҲ֪ܶʣֻɣҲԼҪʱ֪ͨң
һ䣬תһװõĹŶֻƿ¶һ棬ֱӴԱߵĽȥһƵҵķУֻһţȫźۣſкɫƵİ¶
е㱰ϥĵ֪ǷӦǶأǺĵİɣ˵ˣԸ㣬ֻ⼸Ͼⶫ
俪ĵĵлмѾ㹻ˣһᰴʱĶ
Ҳϰһ㣬Ŷ뿪ȴûǵ˿Ц
к˽СӣЦ裬㲻ӦҴɱ壬ҲܿԼ书ǿһҪʶʱΪãͱˣ




048 ҹ̽ܵ

صŶסĵطֻŮżҳŶЦɻˣɿ϶ǴͷǵļͲŮˡϷǿǼʵҪأ
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ûһ۵㵹ãôȥ׷Ůˡҿɰ̽ܵڣ
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ĵ˫ţеоˣҺݺݵһʾͷĺ£һЦҪŶ꣬뿪ˡĺһֱܵأ
ķһĵСģˣʱҪÿҪ²˴
˼Һڴأ
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ŶǻǺģȥݺٻʼԹԼ飬ۻױƷҲǸˣȥ١
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ٻҸҵٻףֻ΢ЩĶѡгı֤ٻٵʲôˣ
£ϱӵ˯߲ãϢһ£˯߶ҲǺҪŶ
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ķ䣬˲ϣ壬˱ϵ㣬ݳң֮ҿڵݶҪ㡭𣿡
ݵĨһϼޣҶңֻ΢ɾĵһͷѹӣݿɬһ˫۽գߺţҵĺݶ
˿˿ֻọ̈̄ǸܱصŮˣǽţһһ⿪̹ԣǸܳŮˣޣ͸ŵǹֻŮеķϣɼһߡ
ʼնҿңҲǿֻǷ˶ĺ飬ݵȴҲ켧켧ԸȫͬڴϵıҲͬȴһĿС
ĺɭֺǶڣ̲ס΢һ漴㱻סڣֻӱгĺҵķĽѾδ¶ĽխǿĳѾʱʱĽŪȫвϣҲܲסʼ
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һһͣµĵû̫ˣҲ̲סҪ࿴
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ǵֺ׾Ǳ룬ҶУǲҪôģԺ飬ֶΪأ˵ˣҲ̼ͦ
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Һһ˼ϵͬ¼ĵطܵˣ϶Լ·ġ
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εôСȻüý㣬˵Ҳûʲôϵɣ
ָָиˮأǰ̽ͨ棬֪᲻пܵ
ӦҲпܵģϾܵҪ㹻ĿܵˮصĻǾ֪ĳȥˮԲܲҹˮеġҲܵһֶƣˮҲȫױ֡
ҵȥ̽̽㱾ôߣ
¼úúãȥŴˣ
ᵱȻҿеŴˣȥôϻ
ʵܼˮرߣʶչȥȻˮ档̽죬ҷ֣иUΰڣγһˮλܾܵˣֻ֪Ĳ̫һֻҪҵˡ
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󾪣û׼̣ܶˮһѱסң΢еҪ䣬²һסҽסΧһ㱣Ĥͬʱ䵽ڣʱֻûůģұź
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һˮдܳȻǸܵʸԼͷΪˮĹϵԭĺ£ʱǽĽθ͹Գһ͸¡
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һ䡰һϻָƽ˭ģ
û˫ֻıҵţ֪Ѿˣٶˣ
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ҵߵչ㣬ҲܿĵģʵǶѾ㵱ˣ
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ҵĻĬִ֣֮֮ϡԽԽĵɱʱѾ벻ˣ
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ʵ˵ܵҲǺߣ·ҲǺܶ࣬ҵʶܿ̽˼ڣһڴ⣬һ˳ˮ뿪ģͨլӦҲĵطɡ
ʵ֪¼𣿡
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ܿһ£Ǹ谵ңֻһ΢⣬ǾǰǸ̨ϣֻһµз棬һɫķĶ
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ɻĵʲôǹʬ
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ô֪ôණȻǻĹͣи¼ģ涼ħ޼¼Լħȶмأ൱һٿƴȫпҲǳģϾҲǺʦһԽ˵ЩҪЩ˽
յôܴ¼
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Ц˼һ쵰أһۿʲôӦܽ⿪
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ǹʬȻϿȻʼȼҴ򿪺ӣֻһƾһĶһȻǡ³¼ƤĶƤ
˷ܵСŮһõˣ̫ˣ
ֹϺӣóһֽȵģ䣡
ֽú͸ղŵĹʬһĵû뵽㻹һ֣治֪㻹жܣ
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ֵĵһ۵ˣ߰ɣˣ
˵գǾ;ֱ뿪ˣֻҪȻҾҪְŻȥˡˣ֪ͨ׿׼ܵģˣȥ壬Ůûк֮ǣ˳ͷҲæ




049 ˭棨ϣ

ҲţŶһǻæңڵŶǰǵȫͬҵģֻһ˷ŵҺԺӦþ˵ɣôԼȥҽִգⷽԽԽǿˡ
ʵ磬𣿡
ҵͷʲô⣿
˵ó¼ĺĴʵʲôã˼Ҷ
Ц㲻ÿöⶫҲõϵģҪõĻǷƵľԲ³
ᵹмңЩȻɶ칤³Ƶȷܼ
ҲƵóô˲𣿡
ҡ޷޲ƽĵ
½Ц磬ʱСһɰ
һεĿӣȤұݣҹ䵽ؿڵ£ΪԿ̰
ɫߺ죬磡
ҵЦҲ˵˲Ů˲Ҫǲҵʹôӵ뻳أ
ͬǵǣ˾ӦðԵ㣬㣬ȻûŮ˻ϲģ
½ۣ֪ԼҲã
˵վȥĵڳ̬ˣҲˣϢȥ
һѱסŶԼºĵҪú۰ǣ
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ʵˣݶأ
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¶һ˿ЦΪǷȻôЩƻĽأǰɣ㣡
Ϊ˲ŪȻǰĳƺΪ㣬ֱӽйΪһ˷ܵĵȻˣĿϵ˵Ȼõˣֻзιǣ
ıɽҰĴˣԲŮôʲô˵ʲô
²˻ˣô˵Ҳ˵
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ٻдŵ㰧ԹҰݶҲˣȴûȻ˽⣬ٻģ뿪ҵˣʱҲС˳𣿡
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ʱǰȻᣬϣǳеŸ㷢Լι֮ߣĨǵľңȥɱ壬˵ܶҵĻװΪѵĵԣȷֻǡҺΪѣΪϾɲʲôС°
ҵļģֻϣֵҵ˼Թ¾ԲŹ㣬㲻ﱾѾ˴ȨƣܱƽҲܱٻֻҪԳֵ书Բ£ٻͲü޸ˡ
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ҵϯλɲһȻϯԣȻǵ԰˶ҼʺĽҪɱ˵Ŀ⣬ԵõƷŲ㡣ʱֻȻѣ滹һƱɴķΡ
Ůһ㣬ƣ¹͸ľϣһʵУ˶ȵȲˣֻһ̹ȻĿЩһۣǧʼ̱ð棡
е㲻ԣȻûðɣˣֻǱ⾳Ҳʲô
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Ȼһ㵭ױȴķ顣԰ͺ׷Ȼ˶ԣǾȵǣЩȻóȻ۽ǵĴ⣬лɢŶ˷飬ǳ¶С
Ҳ֪ʯŮǲ˹ϣֻýȢһ;οżһβܾģǡôҲ²ȻѾҵˣΨһһʯŮһˡ
԰ϻָϾҪǰ˲ǵһλҸղһ䣬ǶԣѾռȻˡ
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ȻЦӯӯлӶСҲлӶȻ
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֪ĽҵĲŻڿҵĵ֪ʲô˵أūҺڴӵأ
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ҴվһȻǷȾͽڳ׷ʯŮ˱ȥ⡣ȻĿųԵɫһ˵ͲŮɣڽֻһ仰ݣױŨĨˣ
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ġ㶡쳹ǧž׻أȻҼɺ飬ηֻһҵ
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050 ˭棨£

˫۷Ź⣬Ȼͨˣ˾ٵص㣬Ҫη¸ǰ
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ΰο࣬ҽ⣬ص㲢ҪΪȻעҪӦ¸ԣ½
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ҲϷҲǣԳĻͶأ
΢Ц̫ˣɷСˣ
һʤˣ˼ˡ԰ģⲻûã԰˸óһƤС㣬ĳϾ֮֮СλһƷһĳĻ
ֻƤչٲȻһλŮţϯ棬۽Ǳߵ֣ΩΩФȷֵ˳ޣ԰ȷǲѧȻйĹҲãڿûʱȥϾֲƲһʣ˵ֳô˵һɣһʱҲٰ
ȻҲǾĻһ治֪԰ôһ֣ǳԺΪȻţ⻭ȷһɣҲαĻ԰ư㳯ҿѾңõʤһ㣬ĳżһĻ˼龰ӡԻ´˻ид
ȻȻ԰飬вã˭ԴԼİ֮ˣǵо⻭ƺȱ˵ʲôƵģ
԰е⻭ǷǳӦòʲôϸ©ģʵǲ֪ȱʲôȻװ˼һµǲǸϼ䣬ô˻أ
Ȼѹ԰ķͷŹô˵øһᣬܵҲ͵ȷˣϷ޳ɣ
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ҵһЦ˾üʪ֪ĺ˭ô䣬Ҳȷ̾þ䣡䣡ʮУ
˶ҵһʫ׷顱ҵʵ飬ūҵķĶ򶯣Ϊ⻭Ĵʾ䣬ū벻ʲôܱȵϳ
һϯųһ亹԰û뵽໭һ˴ͼΪܶɧѹ£üȻģȴȻҵĳڳµ䣬вޡ
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ҿԣֻ¥ģһһлǹֱţ˵ĸһ߿Ǽҽ壬԰ЦǸҽòûҪͷס֣ʵǷǳǸ
ŭȻ԰Ҳ̫˰ɣ
԰ʿ࿴ȥȻü԰֤ҪΪķҪ⣬䣡Ϊ˭֪ȻѡķҪ˫ȫȻҵ֣˵书ǿ˵˶˵ûۼ԰ԸΪڽʤңԴﵽڼȻǰҵĿġ
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¥ĺ֣ڿƣ۹΢ư㡣ˮƽһָҲԸˡ
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ڴʱֻһӰһ̹ͻȻ˵ĽУ¥Ĵ󺧣û뵽ôɲǼ佣еĿ϶ֱңӲס¥ĵĽ÷ץסʱһ
¥Ҹղ֪ҵĽ֣԰е㾪ȣȻ԰ҲҲòȣϾǵһǰչʵһϲϾұסĵ֡
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԰һЦǾ˰ɣֵ̳ĸУ
԰֪¥ĵĽ޷ʤңֻ³԰ǵģһҪϳ򣬼ȻˣѾ㹻ˣԼ붪Ҳˡ
˶Ƿǳڴ˴αԣ԰ǳһ֣ڸճΪԹһ֣Ǽʵ˸ûѾȥˡ
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Բ֮ľƮȥǽõȻ֮Χ̲סһԾڿУͻȻʩչһкŲƣӲͻȻת԰Ľһ󾪺ΪҪˡ
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ˣҲˣңʲôϲѡһ翣ʱͺͷһҵĽĽ԰Уǡÿܹ԰Ľֱн֮
԰󺧣޷ô򵥵һȻƿܲ͸Ľὣסҵ졣ҪСҼ򵥵һһǷӹһ̺֮µһǲһܿһں
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ȻֻǳˣʱȴͻȻ΢ףڿƣнâһƣͻȻҵǰĶ乥԰ԸĽУȻض˿ͽƽͷˣҵʵ£ҿһȣɣ
콣Ϊһ㣬ɴ԰ֻǰⱩǰ𽣣ŵĽɫһ㡣԰Ḻ̌ûĴ󺧣һţâϧҶ³ǵľСɡޱȣ԰ҵٶȻ貨΢Զܡ
Ȼ԰ϱҵĽâ׷ϣʱȴһɽʱ԰˫ֻۣǰâҵĽͷԱߣһ亹ﱻ̳һ
п˾񣬶Ŀ԰Ӳ΢ʱˣֻɽϲɰǧףҲ˵ղһаٴ
ɽΪҴգ˾УѿʯĩǣεĽֻһ㣬ϾǼϴҶУԻȽܿԼ˶ѾĿɿڴţȻ˼ңȻг˾ǽԺȵȡ
ջؽͦ룬Ű·ǶؼľˣЩСĴڣֻһĶشɤȻĵ첻˭棡
˵գָգб棬۳Ʈɢߵԣֻһʡ




051 ҹ̸

һСɡ֪һ˶֪ҳжˣΪĶǸĴҽôһݣϴϢȥ𣿵ʱҲأ
԰Ѿұʲôˣ̸䣬£ҸղŵĽѾʶʲô죬ˡʵҲѿʵǶƣҲлҪǿ̵ķһˡ
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ʱȴϵģߵһ£һʻȻǰ˲ԣһǶҡ
ֻȻϯǰڼϣ¶˵ЦݵֱۣĪ޻֦
ȻһңʹǰҲҪָᣬҲ޲ݣ仰ʵ̫ˡ˶ǴңѾûٸ˵ҳ裬û˸ҳսȻ֣뿪λЦȻһ
ܶԽԽ棬û뵽һ裬΢΢һЦĲ
һ§Ȼϸˮ߰֫һס裬ʼִĲŵĴˮϯУû뵽Ȼͦѧֻ֣Ǵһᣬյˡ
һˤȻת廬ץֵֻ֣һһ˴һһУǰ˸ƯPOSEܹƵֵ赸Ҳ˾ͨϷ򲻵òԳֵܴдһְ
ҷſȻЦ̫佱ˣʵ⡣ɲԸΪ֮
ܴЦʹ죬ϷΪ֮ԺҾͳƺΪСˣ
ҲЦҾͳƺһϸ磡
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ĸ˶Ǹ̥չֳʵѾҹǼɵҲŲô࣬ǳ̸оҺпܵõȻҪҺɱ졣
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ܵĹǸȻ϶йǵ豸촰ǿգŴûйҵȾִ̫ˡ
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жͨܲҲ֤ܵϵı֣ԼĻ֮ϡǿʥ֮ǣΧȴη壬ĹâҫۣΧЩǹⶼѹȥ÷Сܵлŵ
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ȻʮĵȻɾ쵽ɻԺʹȥأʱعչֽţ
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ҵȻһЦȻˣϸȥһȥʲôҪҰȥɡ
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Ц̾ϣܾͳһ£Ͳᱻԭ
뵽ССƣһ۲ΰԵĵһ߳ƵĽ˧ƽ£
뵽һ仰§ȻижǳһƱ㻯ССһͳһҵҪǱ֧ǣΪǳıߣ
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ҿǣ֮·ε֪֮ǵģǱޱۣǴǡ
ĳĵСȥع󣬶ҪعͳһҵһЩʱգ԰պԭԶǶһΣգ
֣صĵͷϸģ׵ģΪͳһ£ʹຣ
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ȻСŮһ㲻ҲЦȻ
Ȼ˵ţȴ۱Ͼ޵Լİӡ
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ǰõѼƻ׿ԼõܵͼýӦŮǡ
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ظģ°˼ϣֻҪ˽˼ң
ҵǵСӣģٲģ
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ͷ֪ˣǿ϶ܰȫȥȻӦ˰ţǵʱֻʣˣԼҪСģ
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ݶֻҸңû˵ʲôΪһоڲУٻɵӦٻ֪ٻûʲôѵõ磡
ҺǺЦٻңˣ˯ɣܿҪ뿪ˣҪԴЩһSAYGOODBYEˣ
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ԼĴӳųȥ˵עǾͷ׿Ǵ뿪Ȼչһ·ͷ˳ִǣ˶֪ҳκεطȥ磬ʹǧȻȥҪһ£




052 Ǳ

󣬾Ҫٻ빬֮Ҫ顣Ҫ찲ź飬ʱŮ뿪Ҿûк֮ˣԴҡڵĴӴųȥ
ңҪ̸һУֻٹٻҪӽڣֻһΣɹĻٻͲü޸κˣ
Ϻ꣬ôٻҵĸ飬ҲҵһɣһԣҶ޷ֻܾϧ֪ıұֲͨˣһжԤ֮⡣
ҡΡ̾˿ȷʱ䲻ˣҪȳٻҲȷֻ취ˣȻˡǺðɣҳʵʹȥ磡
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˵õֻΪ˼ңŶǴԴﵽҵĿġ
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Ȼһˣ̴һͶҵĻҲֵýܣһѻסӣЦʵô׼𣿡
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Сүģû˻ᷢǳҹ뿪ģǶѾƵİţȫ֪ģ
ҵЦСǣùүһ
С仹ߺߵԣֻ뿪ЦģȻһЦҡˣôõ£ҿɲŹһֻ֣§סС۵һڣϵĴ㡣
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ֻصסģʹ˳⣬ҵ׿ұ׿Ѿź𣿡
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ܻͬȻһ뿪ŶǶţҪȥƼܿƼסֱƼķ䣬ֻƼü΢ʲôķ֮£ҳ
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ŮǾò˼飬û뵽ƽԭĺ˵һȫҵŮˡٻҲ׷֮ǰ£ϾٻǸŮӣڵƼѾԭƽԭˡ
ݶʵǲɾʱҪˣأ
Цݽֻһˣʲôʱֻ뵽磬ǽöˣ
ݶ˼΢У˵Сɳͷ㣡
¿ɲµĵŲãҪͷԻڴϳͷǵģǸɫǣ
ҵͻȻҵ˽ңô˵Լķɫأǵģ
Ů϶ΧңǸÿ˶һǣȻǸ뿪ˣɫˣڣֱȥԷͨܵȥ棬׿ǣ
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ѵݶʱأʲôʱߣ
ݶ裬οȳȥ׿Ȼǣһκ˵ע⣬Ͼ˼ǣ
㲻Σˣ
ݶǳġЦµģʹǧ֮УҶˣȥ磡ˣҴȥܵ
Ƽʩչ貨΢ȥԷŶھֻʣݶٻԼͩʹŮҶԴͩŮȰٻݶȥȻǣң
Ůɵĵͷ
Ҵݶٻһ˲ʧӵ˸ֲ˴˵ҡܿ͵ԷҷǣѾ棬ѾܵȥȻϻȥŴ̳ͩ
˶ܵΪҲڣȻֻ·ŮĵҺܸжˣ򸴺ҪǷҲµģ
һͻȻƤĵһҪִһΣٺ٣һŮ̲סЦ˳Ҳ˸ղеƵգЦˣ߰ɣ׿Ҫȼˣǰ뿪ֻҪȻһϢһֱ뿪
Ůֻ뿪ÿ֮ǰһǣһᣬһεŮ棬ֱӱסңһǣȻݺݵĵÿһʱҷһͷһҪÿ
ɵӲǶҵ壬ҵͷ֮Ϊһһͷ
˵ȻصȥˣŮֱܵӵȥ׿ϣֻҪٵɫȻͨܵǻϺ󣬾뿪
Ӧð岼úˣټڣ׷ҲвˡˣھֻʣԼˣǣҪúһˣ




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κӳúͨɫǺܺãǾɫģ˵ʲôˡ
κеȲĵöˣٻ˵⹫ò绨ӿɵȲˣ
кӲûע⣬ĵӵ£վͽٻȥод飬ʱӵµŮˣӵºαżأ
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κѾŵɫҰף͵ĵǡˡ
һᣬתԾڿУͬʱңֳĹâϯҲûվˡ
ֵֻϵĵ涼Ѿۼ˺ܶ飬ǲ˼ЩƽķȴûܵκӰ죬߶û˵ƽķݡǾȷĵһըһвߣǾ;ᲨŮ
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˵գҲм䴩ȥȻѾսǬС
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һˬ죬ǵһ˴ɱ˹̫ˬˡ
뿪ıӰк΢óСʯĶһ¶һ˿Ц뵽裬ҲֻǸˣǼԲӦģڵˣ




054 ʬ

ſڣƵ뿪ĳǳأղŻͦģһ򵱹أĪУԺ˭ң
ܵеĹʬҺܲģΪʲôаĴڣʲôϵ˭أױʲôҾ·ǳ򵥡
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ȥȻǻϰɣ£Ѿˣ˵ɡ׼뿪ȴͻȻо˺ǿϢϮ̸оӦҺܹ죬Ҽо
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תϮߣУĸӦԼٶȳҶɢǿƣһĸоͬһ㣬Ҹоǳ
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պýͻȻֳɵԱ߿տƽطһ͵ĵƱŤһ㣬ͻȻ˿ƿտƽأȴͻȻһŤѡ
ڳ㿴˺ܾˣѿұ𣿡
ҵĵںڰеĵˣ״γǰ




055 ֮

ռŤһ㣬ѿֻһźۣһϰĺɫߵ˳ڱһĿյϡ
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ҺϾǿǿʲô˽ʬǿ𣿡
΢һȣָ֪ʬȻҲͨˣ
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Ҳֱӵ㵽ʲôˣʹ磬Բͨˣ
ûиıĵ֪ϧҲģһֵܼˣҲԵĴڣ谭ǰĵ·ϣ
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㵹ҽҵĴ𰸾УֻԼģܴҵĴ𰸣
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ڵĻһǳ֣ΪһƬ֮ϣĴһӰһӰ˵ٶһ棬еµĲ
ڲͣĽ֣书ǳ֣ƮֻǼѨַһϮŹһӴҵĻһ㿪ʼʴתγĸʴԵ
˲ƣܵǿʯɺᣬһƬǼվǰ°޷Զ˵ڿײǣסϷŵİ׹⣬źڹ⣬Ƕš
һһϸĽڻһ˱ɰڿ콣ͻȻˣһڹӭңһ˵Ľ˼ĴźڹǸһֱҡ
ͬʱҺὣǰס˺һӴʱͻȻֱ͸ҵĽһ㣬ֱҵĻԶֵסû뵽һӴͱ͸ҵصϣһпĺۼ·ѣҵƤһ˺ۡ
Ҿɽ
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һȻýֱӸ񵲶ϣ¶һ˿ЦôٳԿ𣿴𰸵ȻǷ񶨵ġ
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һѵ𣬺˵ѿϵĺҲȫѿŷ磬Ʈ뿪һתҲһת
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߱԰һЩ֪ˣܵһۿһˡǲᱻƭġҳҿ˿ԭͳӣκ˶ᱻƭİϻأʲôܸ𣿡
΢΢һЦȻԣҽаԽ
ҺȤΪʲôȡô֣һţ֣
Ȼŵ΢ЦʲôҲֻǶһ˵ĳƺҲֻһִ𣿡
ҡŶ˵Ҳԣ˾ǺױԻ󣬶ڼ֮У
ʵͬһˣܿ׵ˣΪʲôһأ

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һ֣ȴͻȻֹͣ˸˶˼ľ룬߶ûȥһֱ߶ʱӵ˼ˮһİ͸ʰĶγΣһ󵭹ιЩȫ밵һˡ
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΢е㾪ȣνＴǿԿƸ̬Ȼָģ̬ȡףڿʼ밵սѾȫѧ룬Ҳ֮Ľɡ
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ҵܵػһ󵹷ɶڵϳһֳĺۼֱײԶһôִֹͣȴܵ־޴бˣҡҡ׹Ҫһ㡣
ұţ콣һԡ΢Ц֮仹вģڵ㻹ǿôпǸˣֻɱ㣡
ʵҲûܶˣֻĵ˺ǿҵһǿУҲҵһʹóԽ˵սҵľܲ㡣
ûᰵ˵ĻдʱֻһͷղŰвǶ֮ЩƷģʵ壬ֻΪֳԽ˴ڵĵսľ鲻㣬һеԴΪҵҪȰǿȴû뵽ļƣԼٵڸǶֳ֮塣
壡ǴĶ֪˵һֶ֮ͬ⻯һ㣬ͬʱõģֱӹ˵ľƻ񾭡Ҳ˵˼У㣬Ȼʶ뵽ˣϸͻԶ𣬶ˣһӰ쾫񣬴ڲֱƻļɡ
ʲôأҿʼǰͷߣˡ
ʮɷ壨ĵļ俪ʼϸֳľͷٵĳԺУʱȫֹһ㣬ֻм糣˶š
ιͷܲܳɰ书ˣǻЩ˸
ˣңһڻʱڡ
ɣȻˣﵽʱǲͳʵνˣֻǽǱ޵ĿĴڣԶԣ񾳽ǺҪģΪҪУõνɽı죬ҲֻǽȻ֮
ССԴ׵ҡҡͷף
ǺǣʵԺͻ׵ġҲֻǽ޷ӣͬʱȻ֮ɷ֮ϵĸ֮һֹӦãǽϵģȫӳģǻˣԽǻĶԽҪ
Ҫȴﵽǰɣ˵ôĸ书˰ɣ
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¶һ˿΢Ц΢̧ͷļ˵㻹ľѾܵشղһѾɥʧжΪʲôѡȥأ
Ҵŵ㲻мġǺǡЦ֮Ϊܴһֶܶʱһ˱øǿӳǿԽǰһУ
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ҵҲͬĻҪ㿴֮ʵ࣡ȫɢǿƵĵ
վӣֽŻһ£ŽеôܻܶӦѾ
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ûеĻشԴɷ֮ʹʧȥоܴɷ֮ȫЩ
ЦղѹҴˬôûˣû콣ۣƽǰһۣһӡһȣӡ
۱ǿɫâҲòסۣңڵ޷Ӧâʧֻԭϵ̵ѴʱһϸĽЩνıһƺ޷һ㡣
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ӰƬս֮ϣҵľֹˮľ磬ҶԣйϵѾûκ壬ҵĶǿûм⣬ȵƣĬľݾģ
ƺˣƺϱ˪ƻʵĴţ۽Ѿ˱ѩлÿһһѩɵİ״¶ԽԽͣЩ徹ȻȼɫĻ棡
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ʰһ飬ϳȻǳķȥȻӰõʬ˽ƻܰнʬɱңһɼȥ׷Ů
ҺڣʬȻҪסǻǴ´ġһ̤Ҳ۽ȥҵһν۽⣬һûʹͷ˵ģ̫ǿܻء
룬õúܶκ˸Ϊ˾κԱ׷Ů˲Ǻܶࡣûжǣӿӹ
ǰУһɫ紩׵֮䣬˵һˣʬû֪ǿ廹ǳ˲ٿͷټϽʬʹ˲ҲòâϾΪ֮ʵҲǸǵģʬҲûֵöٺô
̤ң˳һ۽ڿУסֱ£һγ֣˽һ㣬ϲһֱ߰ӽʬдսֶʬǰಿλС
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ȥǽңôôȥˡҺǻһᣬֻҽĿ飬ұøǿȲȥôˣǰĿȻԣȻȥأҪȥһʼʵĺͼҵ




057 Ͷ

ҺԼٶȥ׷ȻǣҸӦʱȴд򶷣²̼ͣ١׷ȻŮֻǱܶ˰ΧţͷߣҺǾȣû뵽κĲ֪ôµŮ·ġ
ʵҲκĲײȻ뿪κĲǳɵзȻźСһˣôܵģͲö֪ˣκĲ̰ͼɫ׼ȥ¡
ҾȵģȴīڣҴͷԪڣԭԪ˺ܾãڻͨˣӦңҪʵ´Ҫͳһϲҵ뷨ΨһʵֵġԪҲǸִֻīسɹˡ
ȻýκĲţָȻȻȣκĲд󺧣ôҲ벻ȻĽ߳˾磬ԼѾԲˡǣҲɱ£ҵŶ貨΢ŮҲ˲κĲ£ûж
ݶƼٻԼͩ׿˱šһرȶԪڵԪ֣û뵽ɰ
Ԫڽǰֺ˻صߵֵܣҾģҶˡ㿴ҴЩī㣬īƽҲյЩܾľΪīлܶˣ
ԪڴīңΪ֪ڴΣգøȻκĲȻǴ֡ŮˣǿģݶٻŮܵߣӵңݶƼٻķ۱ûˣˡҪκĲ׽ȥôǱ𣡡
û뵽ͲŮ˽飬ȴڲʿ֤Ϸ
κĲôҲ벻㡣
ߣôҼȻһֻڳ裡Ҫ㣬ΪɵĴǱ𣡡
Ȼߵ̬Ȼ˷飬ֻϧκĲ޸ܵġ
ҶԪڵȽ£ٺú̸̸
ԪҵļȻˣ
ҰȻкǸˣ滹ǵһ۵㻹ʲôȥǣ
ҹЦ˺ˣΪˣԸЩ˻ɸ㶨ҵӰһ㣬ȺУЩ˲͵ʧȥж
ԣһ§סˣ
һܵӵ͹˵Ҫʵʵĸ˼ң
ҺٺЦǻףһݺҵ£
һô͸¶ڴϻ΢죬ˣ룬ˣ
ЦôлأΪõĽٺ٣
·۱һѵǾͿʰǣǿԼ·ˣЩ˲Ҫһ㶼棡
⵱ϷЩô˵ǿĽ֣־ȴ˵˲ҪҪѪˡ
µǾҸģټҽľѧЩǿǰǡ
ߵȻпκĲǰ΢Ц·㲻ߣƫҪͶҲʣҷʱˣ
ҶȻȻ˺úýѵһ£
ȻȻΪǴӣսأκĲòײܴһϧȴBTţˣֻܵˣӷգ棺ѧ˵ҪհȨңУ˭㰡ٷҾһȭK㣡
κĲŭ裡
ڵĵӴӴӴô𣿺ðȻûҵıݣ㵹ùҲˣ
κĲһţңһܱʹԺһ˿϶ᱻôһᱻȴ΢ЦſʹС
ͷ󺹣Ѿ޷άԭеʱҿһЦ湻𣿡
κĲţĲ֪ǰ˵ǲˣ壬ıȻ޷ֺ
˫ִ˫ϣһκĲоͬסһƺҪļһ㣬˫ۣһɣκĲû˹ͷһ޷˫ۡ
κĲɱ˾ҴˣǸһ޲磬ҪȥҴִ㣡
κĲʱѾֻܣжҲĿ־壬κĲתȾܣܳһͷֽȴǧһ㣬ᶼ᲻
ҵĵΪ㻹ߵ𣿡
ߵԱߣ֪ûʲô𣿡
κĲĻܻشҵ⣬Ҷ΢΢һЦǾħ΢Ц
ҶŲԶһʯͻȻкٴ˻ǳһ˴ʯϣʯգͬһʯͷѿκĲһڳĳȻⶼûǴ󾪺Ͳ˼顣
ȻİŮǳе㾪⣬ͽԺ֪ҵıһǿϽʵ΢̾һ뵽ԩңȥһҲ벻ˡ
κĲ˳մ״ֻɵ۵ĶЩʯһͷ׿ҰһѺغ
׿ҵĻ󣬲ŷӦ̹˽κĲڵκĲѾȫɥʧֿˡ
ߵԪԱߣļԪ֣ˣ߰ɣ·ϱ̸߱
ԪڿЦֵܣĽʵ̫ߣǰһֱΪ½߱ĲԴӼȴȫƷе뷨ҵ뻹⽣֮ϡ
ЦԪ֣ʵЩҪҪδõĽȴȥ죡
ԪںɵĵΪ˵δҲŴīһ֮
ʱٴλصŮߣĿҵġװһʵʲô·ְڷϺǣ
ʵŮռʱҲǺܺ棬ղŻҪ죬ȻҲʣȻЦɣ·ֵͦģǴ˵ǳ磬ֲ֪ҪԵŮأ
ҺЦ·Ƿ°ɣûмǺˣǱ߱˵ɣֵôңҪ뼰ʱ׷ѣǸóôǸԶԶ˦ȥɣҲʡǣ
ʵ˵Ϊʲôҽ⿪ӡ·ʵ󲿷ԭҵǱʶ뵽ԭͦקģԾͲοһ£ٺ٣
Ҵˣ߰ɣǻغʱˣ
˶ٺãʼǵĻس֮ã
׿ҲΪŮ׼ˣŮصϣԼԪڱ̸߱ԪڣǾܶīл˵κûīҲǣϾԪδǷҲҡ
ʹԪڲ֪ԭīҲڰѰȻΪ˶ˣԪϴαҾ˺˳Ӱһѣһ¥ɱƽīȻû쵼ߣԪվշһЩΪīܶˡ
Ȼȥ˴ʱҲǺܾãһǺںڼұгλޡϵʱŮм䣬һֱһŴ̸ͩҵİĦ͵ˮķֱʵһˬ
Ȼҵ·ǱĽһ٣ӦǵعпյĻЩÿ·Ů񿴹һңͻȻ뵽ʱӻ·ȷֵͦġ
Ǿ벻һʲô·ˣУ˭֪ɫģԸе˿֮ģңѽ߸ĸ֪Ҳ
ŮһżҳȻΪ󸾣Ͽʼ˹òɱͷĸϻǰҲײŮ֮ĸԼҺǺЦţ§ŵ½磬Цʲô
ҵҿİӵЩĽޣҳҸˣ
ŶЦ˾֪˵ЩƭŮˣ
ͷȥݺŶӣҿĵģȻλôΪأ
Ҷٻݶǻغ󣬺ܿҪ뿪ȥعˣ
ٻ΢ͷֻĵٻģ
ݶĿҵݶĽȥģݶȻȥģ
ĵ˼ûȥعȥعһҪú棡
Цعô涼УҿСʦСӣʱӸǳأ
վ۹ŮٺЦʱ䲻ˣǲǸðˣǾΪú÷̸λˣ
һҵ뿪ҵӪʡаЦҵĺܲΪĵģ
жʱŮȴͻȻһǵȥǽޱȵٻʱȻɣǵԱߵЪϢٻ÷ɣ
ŶһǣȻȥٻһôأȻõٻȻȻˣ
§ٻĽٻԸ𣿡
ٻ쵽˲ӣɬĵٻ磬ٻϣܳΪŮˣ
ҧĶҷɾˣԺҲҵӣˣ
Ҫٻ
ϸҳǿˡѹ壬סӣ࣬ٻֻûʼ岻Ťҵ˫˫塣
ٻĽС磬ÿһλϵٵĽ˵װ޼϶ĽӴţٻǰδеĸоʼߵĲۡ
Ķֻã׺̺죬ˣһ̰Ӥ˱ĸ׵鷿һ㣬ͷ䣬ٻܵıסҵͷҷֿķ˫ҵʡ
ʹҵķʱĦˮ۵ѨǴƵĿУ鲻Խٻҵ˫᲻÷ſֻãһֱͣš
ķѨſڶŪţʹٻͣѩ׵ƤѾȾһĺϼٻ鶯糱Ťƴҿһ㡣
ʱ죬ŭڻſڣïܵɭҵķĦҳѪ̲סˣһʼɵͻǲ㱡谭΢һʹߣҵ鶯ʹȥˣ֮һĿгٻѩ׻ԲĴȽסҵʣ˫ңǰͦüѹǰ
Ҳ̲סеٻڿʼ˽УȻˣǲʱЩ΢ʹ൫ϲ
ٻȫһγ鴤ҲûˣڴڴϢţһָҲûˣϾһΣһǸеħ󷨵ٻĴôסأ
ϧĸ۵ļٻָ˵еǸٻûã
ЦɵѾͷҺĽһϲң㻹ǵһΣȻ
ٻһǸңȻǵȥɣٻҪϰߵġ
˵ϸҰеļᶨ뷨΢΢һЦ
漴㱧ٻ˲ʧУͻȻŮУŮϵŶЦٻ޷ǵķҪǺúŬŶ
Ȳˣߣ嵽һϧ˼ң˼Ҫˣ
Ұٻ£ǺñӺ󣬶ŮҪɵ˴ˣ
Ⱥ򣬲ǶǰͲͷ
Ƽȱץס±㲦·ʼսŶ²սݶûڽǰ˷ŵҵħצŮߵĴͩҲˮǶĸԸһҹɫ




058 ط

һ·Ǳ̻غѾҸ췭ظҪųϢ;ĳɱҲǷǳѣҿѾˣҸģ˵Ѿ׿׼·ͼߵ·̵ģһ·ϵϰʲôģΪڣԸˡ
ǣͨ˸֮ʿŽӵϢ׷ǣܣߵĵطЩͨʿһأ
һ·ҿǴ֮ˣŮƣ֣ӦӲϾϿǱռ˱ˣҲͰư͵ģֻǽǹضѡ
ڻصļƻѾԤˡʱڹӦöѾ׼òˣһȥֻҪס¼ɣȻڼұϺʱһ뿪
»صûдģҴŮлڼұУһһҸоǳҲΪؼҵĸоɣеȲĴŮҵĳȥ
ʱֻڸеŮѾϵУӭӣ۹Ů÷ȻᣬŮϲң͢˵һУ͢ţ磬ȥ˺þãˣ
ΪСڣ̫˼ֻϲң澺ŶŮСϵȼŮΧŷǡ
§Ůм䣬ŮΧңסңΧм䣬Ҳǿģ˵ʱĻֻôһ䣺ˡ
Ȼֻһ仰ŮܸܵҶǵ顣
ӵЩգǶûп˵ûԸڵ龰һоڲСһᣬССĿ˼˸ոյգСεķ˷ۣŮʱŻָжŵҸỨ
ЦҲǻڶûˣ
ȿڵɣȽһЩ⼸λðɣ
һĶͷԣҸǽһ£
ȻλµʯŮȻˣȻҲǷҵˣ
Ȼֵ㣬Ǻ˵Ĵû뵽ɵĵһӣƯ
͢ҲһֵƯԺ͢ǽˣ
ȻҲȻصλҲһƯɵӣô᲻أ
ŮҲȻְºܵ£ģ
ʱλ½㣿£Ƕ˵أɫ΢ɬȻ뵽ʱ׷ǿ£÷һ۾ͿˣµСֵñߣﶼǽãûϵģ
ȵµ֣ʱһ㣬ŮԵǰŮӺ¸ңһŮҲܵЩ׶ҰޣŮһҡ
ĺǴ󷽣һЦ˼Ҳܵȥˣзء˵ˣŮôƯôأ
Ů˼ĵЦˣ
ŶʱƼٻݶ֣ЦΪǽţݶٻûӹҵħƵû̫⣬ƼŮһȣû뵽ǰƽԭ˾ȻˣƼǸȻǰǽĲǣϣǲҪƽϣֻзһˣ
ŶǱ⣬ƼֻǷһӶѣ
ȻǵһˣƼֶŮǾͲҪټƽˣ
ʵڼҵŮҲֻ˵ƽԭ·ԣҲûĶʲôԹޣҼȻҵŮˣŮȻҲ黳ʲôǿɶһЩĵصŮӡ
ĽҲϣԼܺЩŮһҸǸӵĻС飬ô˽⣬ԱߣţҲģһὫӵڻУҸģ
΢ЩĴϢʾĵĲƽһص㰡ȰѴӦҵ½˵
ʱɣ£ǴѾ֪ˣ֮Ҫô
СʱſڵǰʦˣǾ˵Ǹߵʱ˰ɣ
ҵͷˡˣҴСأ
Сƻصٴ;ڹңڹҶѾ׼ˣȥ˳ҪѹСҲӹ
ԭˡ»֪һ֣ǵ̽ӣʲô
΢һµŶݶٻع
ݶʵΪʲôҪٻعأ
ٻҲǲĿңвûеһ᲻ȥңҺǸж
ȻĿһתǲס£Ȼɾ˳ʣ£֪ĽŽǽӳ
ҹЦ߸ĸ֪ȻҲŶȻصоΪĿģҪס£ù˳תƹڴͬʱ׼
СʦΤѾӦˣӦ͵ˣڴүѾ֪ͨǹˣ
ҵͷʾףȥǣǾɣ뿪˺ȥعʱͲõʲôˣ
ŮܹȻŮҳʲôģһŵһͬǰȥӦԪԪ뿪ˣҪҾȥˣ˵˵뿪ʱǰһͬġûҵӦԪշһͬˣ漴ҰܸܽǺһѡ
һƫУӦԪҵС죬˾ͺˣͷ鷳ҪΪ˲ϵй¶ȥǲŲ
ܷһºԹʵ֮أӦ뿪عĿڣڹҴȥعС֮ض
ӦԪЦǣ֮ĳʮ㣡
շҵǻ£¿϶֪үΪпܴ٣
ҵͷϵˣҲûʲôõĵġ׼ΣǷѾɣ
ӦԪСģѾ׼ˣеЩϸҲѾɾʲô⣡ֵܻѹӹǴǰ񣬽˻
Ц⵹Ǹ˶Ŀĺð취ˣ˵ΤѾӦǣǷʵ
շŵȷѾţ
ӦԪ˴Τͼȵһ֣Ф̶
ŶȻФ̶ԭͼȶΤĺ֣ǵĲܲԶФ̶һݵľǣĻ¾͸ðˣֻҪФ̶ǰһϷǾΤŲɣԺֻҪ취Ф̶ͼ£Ǿòˡ
뵽˴µļƻӦûʲôˡӦԪ̸˻ᣬڵ˵̸֮صУӦԪͬιڼұȥˡ
صУʱŮطУ֪ЩʲôˣҲ֪ΪʲôŮ֮ĲĻ⣬۹ŴִУŮڣҲͲ֮УŮ̸ЦżЩЦŮһƬЦһƬڡ
ʱرһ뾣ˣССңһǻˣʹŮһȥӭˡֻ;ǣһڴ䣬˵ڵˡ
Ҵӭ˳Ц磡С
;һңǰ˱һҲǼҵļڿǴͷ˰
СЦǰ磡ִΧȫˣǴκɹģ¼仹˭֪簡κȻԹʩѹվûʲôʵԵжΪʵˣ
϶κϾڵݵλԼֵʵòңοõҪġ³¼[www517znet]ĵĵܣ֪涼Ѿ㴫ˣ书˵ʥˣ
ҺЦԺлᣬҶҪȥһ½ʥĸУ˵գһЦȻһۣȻԱߣеҵڣôܽƲһأ
ԭŮҹ˹Ҳһܣˣ㻹ǰɣ
СһԴƺһѽҵȥҷˣ磬ǲλɩ
⾣ͦǵŮһƬЦ˳;ץסκĲǱ˱㵱뿪ˣκĲˣǺǡ˹ǰסղҼһʱûй˵㣬㲻Ұɣ
ҡףַģڶǸ˵Ѿˣ
ŮΧŹ£һ£ֱӵֺأи֣ԺǺýˣÿˣ
ǸʮĴҹ㣬»֫Ѿ׼ǺܿͿ뿪ˣ
ͷѾ׼ˣҷҪıҲ׼һϾóˣ
һǲˣ
ɫ΢죬ߵᣡΪ£ܿģ
̽Цһֱɿɻˣ÷˰ɣ
΢㣡
ҹЦסˣöþҪ뿪ˡ

Ӧ漴ֵһֱڴŷ££ڿ˾֪ڿǺ˳ݵĴӢˣ
Һĵз磡³׳
ȻŮȻ仰Ȼůҵֵɲصʲôʲô£Ȼóǹ书ͣɵĹˣ
ͷǰ͢ǽ书Ҳ֪ΪʲôϾˣϴڼҵĽʿԣжӲˣ
Щڼҽʿǰһĺ֣ǾȻ޷ǰ书Ů߹У˵ж
ʱҲˣŮȻطȥ˯ֻ̣ȻȻȻ£ͺŮ˵ЦطȥˣҲǺŮһ˯ȥ̼Ȼ⣬һԡ
ҽ԰¸̣Ȼʵ̣ϴдţû˵һ𣿡
̳ϻ̳ϿֵĵдˣûнɵдܴҲû뵽ɣ̲ã
ĻסһǣȻɵӣôأֻʶѣȻ´θˣҲõģںܺãҴȨ
ĻǣȻף¾ͱֳ԰õ˴Ȩκ˷УԼķҲƽϣҲûкοԼķ¼õģǶҡ
ڽ̵رղҲúһǾΥ㴽ʱ䲻ˣȴ̻طˣŮȥ˯ˣһйڣҲͲˣżȴķ䣬ӵ̣ѹϣ˹ɽꡭ




059 ջ

ڶһ磬̻Ĵ˯¶۰׵ۣͰԲĴȣ糿˽䣬Ӳӣůġת˸λãһ£ñӡ
˸ʱ仹磬·ˢڣˣˢڣŪıˢģңҲ벻ҲǬˣôǬﶼЩңͷҲ֪棬ʿͻȻҰͷǸ˺ˣڼұô󣬰ˣûҵҲЩô˲ʧԭأ⣬ȰǸ˻
ҴصУʱסɣﻹͦģҲί㡣ȥ˺ЩЩɻãҸ㰡
ǶҺһʾףԴһµôֲӣ
Ǻ޹һҡͷ̾治֪ôᱻΪ֮񣬳սʱ㻹Щơ
ֶҺţʾĲҰֵˣˣ˵ˣֻҪҵĻˡ
ʱѾˣЩڼҵĽʿҴôһͷ޴ǶһҴǰЩ˶еŵ÷ˣŅ̀߰ͷôô뵽˺ٻ
ҶЩʿֻҵģʱҲġĺˣǳҵĻȥɧӰǵģģ
ЩҵˣǷô£߹˭֪ѱ˵ľǣЩʿУֻж˰ľ塣ǹ̬ȣѹôŵӢۣİ
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ССչʾһǵĽȣСȻǿԵԹΪأ¾ŽӰȻСĽûκιɣ˳ĶСĽҺ⣬ڵĳ̶ȣϲĵӣӦӮֻھǷȱ
Сƣͬдʵʵд飬仯ҷСҲر𣬵еɷ֮ĸое벻סССԱߣСЦʦôòɣʵɺǿأǸҲɻأ
СЦɲܽԴʦɲÿģ
СҺЦô¸𣿲С˵öԣֹǰİʯҪʱ̾Լ
С֣صģʦ׵ģ
СƵʦʲôʱ
̧ͷգһƬʵĵɽ¥
Сһµʦ˼ǣкܶ鷳𣿡
ЦҲɣ
Ҳھ͸ǣҵĵΤʵ˵ϺɲôöԸģҲܵĿΪҰĳҪҶģ
ʱ˵Ҫ빬վҪʼӦˣõģо԰ңӦɶˡǱӦԪһȥС
СǿĵĵγҲУ³¼˳شԣ
Ҳĵˣ
Ϻʵ¼ܴȫأʵ˷˼
ЦүˣЩκ̫ˣ
ʱҴ˴ιûӦͣ
ͷȷӦͣ
ҵ֪Ҫʲôأ
ҴЦ貢ûʲôҪ͵ģʵΪҴԶᵽ¼ѾõĽˣ˵ùûʣٺ٣һǺһ׵ǳˣңڲͬܵøʲôͣ
֪ҲҪʲôͣ˳ưǻҲͬһˣҴԵô˲Ǵ֮ͰѽӺɣҲһʱԺеǻᣡ
Ҳһʱ벻ҪʲôʹͣǾ˳žĻҲգԣҿʱҪʹ͵Ļᣡ
΢һл
и˸ɫȻ͵͵Ʈһۣģ
ֵңڰ¼ϣ
ǣ
ҽ¼һЦǷ˼¼ܸڵװҴԾӾ
⣬ȻصĺܺãǱҿˡǴ˽ӣԹȻԹõ³¼ġʱӦԪСŮĻ񣡡
û⣬ûûʹͳңȻǹ˾ص䱭ң
֮ɫЦǹϲˣȵ˴ʹͣȢڼҴС㣬˫ϲǣ
ʵ˿һõģ£ңȻȢ͢ڼ󣬵ǱϾйҺ£ұǱʤõȢ͢ĻᣬȻ˳ˮˡ
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¼Цǽһˣ
ҹһЦү˺үôأ
ǶһЦ֪ĻΪĺҪء
ӦԪһͬ߻ȥʵڼҵļϸѾ𣿡ӦԪͷСģڵ˶ѾǲɢˣǶ֪ҵ£ѾŰнǣ
ȻǣǷҲǺˣսҵʱУҪϣϡˣȻ֪ʲôĿģҺӦôڶλã밵һս˵Ѿîˡ
ʵϳŰùҵ˰
ӦԪϻϾܰ׼׵ʱûʲôõĵġлΣõˡ
ҵͷǾˣ¾Ϊˣ
ӦԪҵļСͷȥӦ£Ҷܴõģ
صУֻŮѾڿʼֲˣѾӵϢˣΪ¶ȻŮݣⳡûǣҲ⣬Ϊ֪İÿһģֲҪʱʵͦţûôصġ
͢æòָָֺ⣬ָָǵģȻŮڰæãҽӯ㵹һ裬Цǻæأ
ӯӣ͢СһֱæأӱϾŮӶģ
һ§֫Ժȥعٰһλ񣬵ʱȫȢˣòã
ӯһǣŵͷллӣԴӸҺŮѾȽܽҵƽ˼ˣǰӯҲȢġ
Һ˿ڲ裬͢㺹΢Цҡͷߵϣ͢оңת˲͢æҵӣ磬СŪ··ƯкմȥͲˣЦûϵǷ㺹ϲأ
ۣ͢ǵǵһ棬Ҹ龰𣿡
͢С΢죬ͷȻǵãᣬϸģʵʱѾ硭
һס͢һڣ΢ЦϣǵķǴˣҪˣ
͢һУҸĿš߳һ˵ĳ棬ϻرܣÿŮ˶оܰҸһ̣ȴӡԺС
ҵĵģ˵ԵԣνԵǧᣬԵ治ʶ
ȻȼŮͼĳ棬ֻǺЦţ͢죬뿪ҵĻ˫ߺ죬æܵȻߣСŮȻ㣡
ȻĻ֪ǵˣҪúæˣʲôʱпյģ
ǵŮһЦҵνͿʼæˣҲʼִ֪ʶ;ִԪأҪʱһЩɴأŮһϲģˣ˿ߵ¿֮ģŮţȻϡ붼ˬˣĸȥоһôò÷ˣٺ١




060 ȳ²

ڶ죬ڹҾͿʼжһЩװˣЩ뿪бĽ̽ʲô֮ġһߣͨ񣬽һЩҪı֮С
ɣȻкŸλˣ;Ҳæкšڴſкţȴã˱ˣЦЦ߹ȥһԴЦСд˵ģô˼Ҷˣ
ͦ£ͷϾȥд
˵һ̾ܵˣƵļ˻žšߡûꡱ֮ġ
ӣû취öȷǷǳأкһЩ˺ſڣ磬ڰôˣ
һصܷģѾϢ֮ĶѾ˳ڼϵصǵģЩŮ輧֮ѾǲɢǲɢҪߵģѾˣ
΢ɲĵͷصǹҵı𣿡
ģѾˣѾԸȥȡˣ
¾أҰЩ¶죬ʱЦݣҸ̾ϺϺ꣬εĹȻز©Цصļһ
ұҲǼ죬һЦӭȥЦүݹ٣ڼ԰
Ҳز©ƤЦⲻЦĵȻֵôϲ£ôܲأֵܿˣ
Ұ˸ƣ΢ĴһĲãʵﲼõúر𣬲Ƿǳϲ֮
ҿǼ˵ִԪذõñɫµҲ
ҵͷĲãҲвãүΣ
ºܸȤصֵܾȻڴ˵ֵܹȻǶŶհ
Ҷ磬үһ
ùһԲ̣ǰҸһҲԼһٺ٣ִЩϵķʽˡ
¿Щӣ˾ƣĴ߶ЩûƵ;ƣҲǺܺ棬ЦֵĻıأ
΢΢һЦ㣬ûоʱԼȥңֻҪЩ˵һˣ
ҲعȥҲŪɹбرˡ
ҲڣҲֻǺµ˺һڹҵĶμߣҲֻʱòĴкʵ˵ҷֹŴĺܻϷҪִܵȥʲô𼦣˹йˡ
ҲӲ˵йŴ˾ͺļƣڸıƣô뵽ǱȥˣǵģӦ°ɡ
ʼʵʱĻǱȽϷģûôҪģҳɻľ͢ոú֣Щ˶ҾƣϧȻҲ̫Ⱦƣڹ޵һô˵˹Ŵľƣƾߣôܹң
Ҳҹ࣬˵ɱֳˣǵһֻ֣ҿ¶ҿ϶Ǻ֮ǰϧֲô죬ڴǸɵ£ŵˣ˭Χȫˣ仨ˮ
ʵ̫ˣٴԹףأڼҿǺһȻҪûֺһˣӦԪǾ˵ˣǳĴݣڸжడֻ̫࣬װ͢ǳûҴ䣡
˷䣬ұϻָҡҡͷǵģôˣһңٺ٣ҹ
͢Ҳǣˣȥ治֪Ҫϵʲôʱأ
ˮ÷һԷңϴ¡ڣ滳ǲǻ÷ſڣˣǺǣŮһԷңҳû§ǣǸʵ˫ϣŮԽԽˣҵЦִŶ
Ůԣ˫κ죬ţָмѣֲʧԣŮңŮӭңֱϲ䣬ŮҲǶˣ뿪ȥҲвûǺúûˣȻҪúˡ
͢ղųȥ̴Ů˷䣬ͷ󣬽˵һĻҲ̲סˣûкһã޼ĳȻ˷ӦоͣҪǻȵķ·ſ֮
Ҷһ֣Ůҵߣһɵ˴ϣ廥һڿѿǵڼ߷˵֮Уʼԭʼսǵϣ̽Ͽǿ۶һһ
ϵĽǵ壬ŮѾֻʣŮԵıܷӦˣֻ֪ӭҡ
ɢŮѾƣ˯ȥ§ǣм䣬΢۾顣ֱߵ̣۾ʵɲЪϢ𣿡
΢Цڻ˯ţ
ʵʲôķ֮𣿡
ҡͷģûʲôķģǶ׼˰ɣǴźܿͻ뿪ˣ
ЦɣʵҲûʲôҪģҪ˵ĻҲЩ˵˼ҵʿѾϴˣ
ҡôϴˣˣһƿٸˣ
̽ˣ
пЦʲôҪǱִ֪Ŵ˾ȻҪʿʲôϴͷЩ˪֪ʲôأ뻹ͦȤİ
ţվţһʹˣһˣ̸ֻۣ˵ǳǺ˵ż񰡣һ˱Χ뿪
˵ǣ㲻˭˵ʱ̸Цأǲ֪ΪӢﰡѾǽʥһˣ
˵ôôˣϧм鳼
Ͻŵס죬˿Χȷûʲôˣ³һҪˣҪǱСѱ
ʱһţǰǸʲôģôǣ
ʱһ磬˼Ϊյ飬ĸײˣм£ҪҹϹȥСС˼ɾ⣡
˵žóһǮ
˵ҲǸˣǮһ£Ҫǵְ𣡡
ϻصȻȻ羡ܿˣ
˽Ǹ˼һ£ֻЩŮӺһЩȥǼҶˣҲûʲôɵĶһ־ͷˡ
˴ǮһԹԻ治٣Ͻůůӡ뿪źһû̵ĵطͣ£Ѿһһµ˵ֻתӣſǸ
ˣղЩﶼһЩҪ͵Ķ˯ºûˣ뿪ǣӦֻղسǱ˵һһƤ¶һ
Ц磬һ˰ɣû˰ɣ
ͷѾͳˣڹڼұĶȫ֮ܵڣ
ͺˣȰЩϵصȥɣ
ϵص㣬ǰԾĻϵ㣬֪ġôĶˣֻʣڹҵˣֻҪҵͨܵ뿪λ׼
һۣ˶⣬ҵ磬ڻѾˣֻʣˣջȳ²֣Ǵǵ⣡
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ҿ˿ɫǻǿȥɣȻɩҪԹҰѴϳˣ
ЦҲѧСЦˣ
漴չΣʧںڰУ»ص˺С
Ф̶˺ڼܽӽڼұʱӦԪһֻ˴һ˱Ф̶է֮Ǹ۵нˣĸòһ㶼ֺá
֪ܸߣҲܾԲ˲Ф̶ǰʺõФ̶ЭӪ켧ĸӣҳ£Ф̶ܳһ㡣
΢΢һЦФ˿ȻҵȣǾԼˣ
Ф̶΢һ£ȴкøУƽ׽ˣΪҸղŵĶȫǱܣ
Ф̶ʵ֪Ѿź𣿡
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Ф̶΢һüȻһţǱҲ׽ˣΤͼҲǱôãԭҲΤҵԳұֵʵܾ罫Ф̶ͼ£
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Ф̶ӦԪȥ׼ҵҺѾǰתƹˣڹҵҪﶼֻҪһʼߣǷŸźţǾ̻װ뿪
Ů˵һ£ȴûе֣ԸսССʵСأ
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СֹС˵Ѿˣ̧ڰյеΣҼЦСԭʦͷ㶼ˣ˵ɣѡʲôأɣǡ
Сĵʦ㲻ôݰɣ
˵껹ССΣֳһҰĪӣСģܲ˵ĵˣˣȥһˣͷԺˣ
СͣСƷɱȥܱߵʦȥ׼ˣȥɣʰõģ
СƸһιֺͱˣûġ
ȻϿʼָŮʰöǰܵڣӦԪ֪ͨˡǰҲûٶôأԼÿˡ
ɱȥʱͻȻһӰٶȼ죬һԭǾֵСôˣʲôˣ
ϵɩˣ
һæʵ˭ˣ
ͷҸղųȥʱɩȥѾߣ˵ɩʱһھͻȻ˴ΣȻʱɩҲˣ
һݣͻȻ뵽ȷΣͻȻˣеã˵ɽ֮ƣӦûûô췢֣ҪҽĻôµңȻȷǷѾ֣ٲµңҾҲûʲôϢһץвңĿǱҽ¼͵ظҲ˶ã˵Ѿ֪ûҺڼңǾ˵ŶǻΣգӦûȥٳǡ
֪ٻ֮ôٻֱߣȻƵϣɵҲỳٻӣڱˣٻȻġ½켧ƭ빬Ϊٻ¾Ϳһʯʹɹ¸ҲܴﵽһЧ
þȥңٽССȥӦŶǣŶ£͢ԲΣգССȥӦҲΪԷһȥôأµ̴õãϧȴԽ˵ϣ




061 桱

ǸΪĺҪȥһϼңͷǲòӰΰĽǰˣȥϼҲڵļ죬ҪʱֹͣˣҶˣǸǸ~~~~ҿӱ޸ȥ¸УҶĸӦû£˵ʶ˺ǲܵġ
¸Уˣû뵽˳裬Ϊֺ˿ʹ˻
⹷㣬Щȫͬ˾ӡһҵģŹģ
¿ЦһأֻҪˣǶ
мƾǣˣǸһͷ
еһ㣬еûȰ迴Ů˻ģЩ¼Ůˣһֻ֪
ĿԲɣȻŤȥ¡뷢ݣʱ˽ү贳˺У
軹ǺܴϾˣһһֵʱҿôùȥߣ
һˣŵϷˣֻҪڣʲôҲġЦ£ܿˣһҲ㣡º¹˭֣δ֪֮ˣʰ˳裬ֵˣ
¸Уɣ£
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Ц裬ΪԼ书߾˲켧Уñ򡭡
ǿֱӾᣬɻɡ켧֮һ˵ˣ
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ºǵҪ¼а취Ūˣ
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ʵҲϵ϶ģӦöźˣҲãҵļƻҲ˳ʵʩˣóһݿ¼¼ҿԸ㣡
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żͽΧ˵סѨɽ˺Щ֣ôͻȻ͵Ϯǣһ
Ŷ϶ˣǻ᲻Ҫж뿪
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Сɱһ·ȥʱ;ϵǶ˵书ʩչ·ȫһɨգ˽ǣΧ׷ͷҴ˸ɫȻյ΢ͷʾף˼˵ڹҶѾ׼ˣʱߡ
һǴѾ뿪¼£һܵ룬ǬŲƲãǿԴԴ
Ҵһʱ춯أΧƺεֱϷһ㣬ߵķݣɶΧļɽԺǽȫ飬һ㣬ġ
˶ڵأϣֱһϣһײͷۻһǶ׷ˡ
Ҵ¾ԣţһɱ۽ǿһۣмĵǲɱ㣡סһ仰
ǷŭΪһ֮ȴ˲мΪϣǾԲŹҵģ
˵ձȥʵҲɱҲΪЩ룬ϾһԹȻңܱߵЩӵĹҿɲʡ͵ĵƣҶ룬ʱ΢ƽϵʹʷΪӡ
ô뿪ڼұùãһڼұսҪʼˣ




062 ٳ

׷С뿪¸ΧұϵԣʱССͣʵû°ɣ
뾣һԡ
ʵ˵ڵеŹ֣ǰһ֧ȴûµˣͦǹĸоᶯ˶ǰļȴʲôҲǺ֡
ῴһۣȻû˵ʲôл͸¶һ˼Ǹ
Դֻܱ֮ԿЦˣǵȥҿöãͻΧסڼұˣǻФ̶ǰһϷ
ǽĵĺһۣȻٶСȻͿģղݵúΪ㶼ΪԼأ
СеεʦҲݵôã⻹Ǹʦѧģ
ЦСӣʲôʱϷˣ
˺ˣ߰ɣȻȥ˵ܻ׽ʵ̫ˣ
ҿ˿Ҽֱµ£ѾҷУڻڻ״̬
ҵͷ߰ɣȻǶȼˣһЩǰ뿪
ͷȻȥɣ
СѾ¸ңҵͷʾȷǲõġ
ҪһϷ͵ίˣҵ۷һҲûֻҪŪһһʬˣǾNOPROBLEMˣ
˿ٻصڼұڱҲǽţӦԪѾФ̶ſӭңӦԪһؿڲż֪Ѿʼʩмƻˡ
Ф̶еסˣӦԪæСФ̶μӣ
СֻǱ˵ĿФ̶ֻһФ̶Ҳв죬鲻ԡ
Ф̶ȻҲע⵽СɫʱͻȻӦԪһˣôˣ
ôһ仰Ф̶ҲɵˣȻ֪˽е켧û뵽켧Ȼˣ
Ф̶૵⡭ѵ켧ˣ
ҺܡʹġĽ龭׵˵˳Ȼӵϵûܾȵˣѣ
ӦԪѾݺˣֱû뵽ϷôͶ룬òٴθ̾йŴ˸ǰ˹ߡ
Ф̶ҲǱҿϷɷ־ӶడʱӦȽ뿪£켧˵Ѿˣǲȥ
ӦԪʱ˵ǰӽڰ˳㣬ǰҪ뿪СĨһᣬᶨĵǰ֮뿪ɱѾ׽֣ллʦ
ת˵ġ
ҳصһļ͸¶ֻǲŶ˼Ф̶ȫһоһߣһ֮ǲСعˣԻȫͬεҲΪһӣФ̶Ժǡ
ΪùײģҴһû˵ĵط󣬷ȻڸʱŻعȥ֤Τʬ鲻
ĵĿһۣһЦǾɵ棡§סˮ̲߰סǽ޵ĺ촽ȥ̰˱̴еҺһͦء
ǰܹҵ󣬸оǷˣ֫ϸӯӯһգĽңĶˣﰡǻ𣬸ҶϽ͵ˡ
ۺһ۵Ȱ°ɣԶɵģʲôʱҪУ
βһѣЦҿɲŹˣȰ£
һأó׼õĵݱƵļˣĿҾôģһͷ˿ڼϣнӡкȵű䣡Σ
ֻϷһ⣬ȻâȥֻһһģһĹװŮȻڵϣһĶоܽӲһһɫ԰ףؿҲһ̲Ѫա
Цôɣ
˼̫˼ˣ˸һģһҽҲѷٰ
ȰݣͿԷ߶ˣ
ұһĨȫ仯һֻͨǳýΪ㣬Ķ˵Ҳڸһʧˡ
һĨͺֵʵˣ
һһԲεıƾճУҷǰ˺氡ɣ֮Ҫ̫ˣ˼ȥɼ˰
ΣŮ˾ǰƯһס㴽ģ֮һҵø
ǺãǣȻұŪ˸ĹײĸǸˡ֮к̧ײġȻŮʱѾˡ
ʵ׼ôˣ
ȻصģɣѾ׼ˣ
ʱǰүүˣ
϶ŮϲЦҪ
ݵˣҵ˶׼ȴܵ뿪үүߣһڼұģ
ЦСڣʲôģҹôõŮѵðһоͿˣаҪĶҶѾ׼ˣЩʵƾ
ȻǫһӦԪдȥܵϴЩߵȫֹˣΪ˸õİ취
ҶȻŮԸиŴɩ뿪ǵˣҾûк֮ˣ
͢磬˼Ҳһߺ𣿡
ᱧ˱͢ûʲôµģǰԱһӾͻ뿪Լ뿪ȽϿ죬ȻҪˣ
ŶȰɵĻô£µģ
ʵ͢Ҳֻ̰ѣҲŮ¾ǲǿѪȣϾԱⲻҪѪɺӣ
ȻŮ֪Ҳ£ⲻҪģŮǶƸеȽϽٻŮѾдỨˡ
ˣˣȺүүȥܵ
һתЦѹо仰Ů˶ˮģ
ŮҲǺô仰ж¶棬ҿҲУǰ
һþǼ
ҪСңѾŶǻˣұȥģ
жĵɼǵѾˣ
Ȼˣ߰ɣɲµģŷк֮ǣ
Ȼ˵ĺеŮҲ뿪Ȼ뿪ǰÿһǣȻ΢۾۾뿪
ʱСҵʦԹľڼұˣмɣҿ
ҵȵǽȥСأ
һ𣡡
СƻصҵͷСһǰڼұĳǽϣֻ׺;һرĹЩҪҪЩ
Щ˵ˣùҴı֮еĳοӢҵƣںйŴص㡣иѧԭʹԶ
㿴ĹƵ治ҲЦû뵽Ʊ˾ͨ
Ұڰֵͱˣһ὾ģ
ЦСпܣܾԲģ
СʵСȥˣ
ָվм䣬СǶ
СһɵĻʿĿ񣬸ͦȷ˵Ѫͳȫɢϣֱһɵڼľһ㣬ԶԾ˿ûκη壡
˶һۣͷСԽԽеƺˣС߹ȥֻСƵСղźϣһ
СŻعƸ̾һ˾ȴ˰һηҲûУʦǲ˵ģĵ
ҵͷ֣صСҲģһܳΪһõĵģʦڣһģСƺҵĽֵܣ
С֪ʦعӮչȭŵĵط
״ʱܣĶڹҵľӢʿʹõĶǶƵıƾǵʵӦû⣡
ȥκǰ׺;ѵҵľӢʿҲѧϰһЩ书ȻѧС׼ˡ
ʱֻ׿үѾȫ׵ˣ
ֻЩӢʿһװʿƵĳ
׿óƵļүƵļǲ򵥣Զ󣡡
Ц׷Ȼͬ
׿̾ļȷ׷갡׿ܸү׿֮
СƴʱʦԾѾˣ
ֻԾԼͣ˾ŲĵطȥһƬѹѹģԾ硣
ҿ¸ȻˣҲ߳ŭϾʱֻһǰ£Ҵ裬ڼұѾΧˣ㾡Ͷ
Ҹ׿һɫ׿ȡһųϼһֱȥѸ磬Ǹ컹ûӦѾ߲һ챻˵ĺۼ
ǽ亹ֱЦ㲻Ǿ;ԣҳڴȫǽΧһң߳Ϊƾң
Ȼ󣬵˶ɴ˿ɼҵĹжວˣͬʱҵĻҲЩԱڴ£ڿǴˣ˭˲֪˭˲
ڹҵĽʿһƣȲʲϣ
¸Ѿܵҵ裬ʱǷŭԼһ֮һ˶û취ǣƱǰԵֵǵļЩҵƣ٣һг֮Щʿ˴
Աʼţִľмʮ̧Ŵײųţ׿ȥֵڳŴͬķôӶڳź
ڹҵľӢʿеڳǽеڳţԱѾݿʼϳǽ΢ЦССƣҪܲܳסӦִˣţ
Ĭ˳ľݾһӵ߰ɣȸ³ǽҲСС漴䡣
Ĺ;ṦߴĳǽѲǣ࣬ƮȻ£ʹɽ󿪴ϣԵ罫ΧԱӭͷʹ
ҲʵƮн仯޳ƾƮжһȺΧԱͷԵģԼˣ콣һƬ˵¡
СǴͬӯÿһÿһʽôȻƮЩǹȫСνһһϣƵȴСƵбһʮ˲ΧһƬˡ
СȫһˣԼǸһ㣬ʹ߾磬ʯѵأԱǳƬƬĵС¡˵߾Ҳǰʱһʱ뵽ɽ߾ͦǱʹ˳Чû뵽СΪȤǾͽǡ
ǣȫһˣ󣬼û˸ǰֻΧңȻŵ΢ЦǲǰԭΪ֪ڴ¡
ЦȻǲǾɣҲǺƽߣ̫˺ǵģ
˵һȻǰһֻԲһѷץǵǹһнһѽһƬˤ˳ȥðѺһƬ˸ײ
ЩʿҲòˣϾսϲһǹȫҴצצּ
֮צ־ǿͣһѱ㽫ǹ۶ϣЩԱ첲ϣһۣһƬ˵زȫǱ˲۶ֹǻȹǡ
˻ǶడҷԾУ˫ֳſָɽƣͻȻʹ񽣣̽󽣣ٳ彣һһɨ÷ɳʯ
죬ֻΪԲĵĵϳۣҵʯԱǽҽʿС˵ıѾǳݲѣƴʢɼٰ㣬޿ƥеʵǴߺȣ
ҺһЦҪ仨ˮ
ҲҼ飬ͰԵޱȵǼͲɴݣɨҶ㣬εһƬû뵽ļǧͱ˴˲
ݳ嵽ǽϵĵˣ类׿ʰˣ׽书ʹٲãҲԼһʮޱȣ
û뵽һʼԱ˾ʹ˲ңƸǼ½Σ£ʧأֻձ
ޱȼǼӭڣҸǾҲ־Ҫѧ书ܸӣվڳǽ֮ϿʱԶȥԱĵ˭
СҲȾţȫɢŵϣԶͬȻҪ֣
һۣӮøΪ죬ͬʱжԼʦֳֿĸ̣˵ʦԼԣγ²ɣ




063 Ȼ

ϣұڳǽѲߣԷ͵ϮʱͷǸˡһֱУֵôôֻ֣ܲ˵ؼһ㣬һûҲһʱ
УһǹȻˣеǷǳôһ֮еްڣЩɲô
Ҳһִˣ˼컹еæģֻҪǼظˡ
ǵͷҲǺ⣬ͻȻһûȡְɣˣϲʲôأ
Ƕʰֲʲôãڵ㷴Ѹ磬Ѹ׺ˣʱϻһͽѸף
ˣ˳㻹عˣٶȶٰADSLĻǹ°ңСզΣżϲѸף
˿ǾͱҹһعѸ׵֣ǿɱ̾Ѹ׻֪ͦĵĽ˼Ǳ˻ЦŰǮңιι˵ߣôôдСҰչߣúúãҵķǮǿİǧ߰ңٺ٣⻹࣡
һߣȸȥЩ
ѸǣǶడǾɱǣ̫ϧˣϾҲǸߣҿǶƽȵġ
һ£ɴǶŵҵǬкˣ˾ǬнþЩʱ棬ȵعͷŵȥ
ڶ죬˶ȣһս˸ĴǼڣֱһǧοֻգȻܵԾϺǾͿ뿪ͬʱֱӻܵʱҵܵʱѾԶȥعˡ
뿪Թԭʷͬˣ±һ׽ֱҴߣ߾ֻʣ¹ǼһˣҹݵѾȫֻ˹ǣԹܻùںǰĵλ뾡취մȨǱϾǾ⣬ԡ
ˣôʷעڸӦעⰵˣǵĸʵѾﵽһǿˣԲͨܶԸ˵ģǵĿڻûŪٿԿ϶ǻսȻûʲô֤ݣҵֱ
˳ǿϣ׵ղѾ̽ˣƺ˱һҪˣ
Цʲôǵʵٶ࣬ǱǴƨɿ
СҡͷȻȻռƣϾΪǵĵλýϺãѹǵıѾǶǵʵƣҪ۶ˣ
͵Сúȷ
СŵǼϾˣʹǿҲ޷ÿ춼հ㣬ԲܹǵԼĸʵӦöһЩս
̾ǶôϸҺ̫˵㣡
Ц˭ƽղùܿǺģʲôӱĹ鶼ǣֻԼùҰܣ
εͷҾһǲʺѧЩ
ЦС˾ȥѧЩʺģҲǲеģνС⣡
ϵͷԶԶԣǶ˽ң֪ҵԸʺѧ
ҲֻҡҡͷʵҲ֪ҪСӾѧЩǻɱˣ
Ž𣬿ĺϷҪˣ׿ѾһԣҷԸ׿ùʯս׼𣿡
׿үģѾ׼׵
ϷԸóƵļͶʯʱֲܸԭô˵ԭҲĺѧѧĵҲԵģҪһøܸԭļͶʯǱȽ׵ġ
Ҳѧˣǰź赲ǿʮŹֲͣ¥ע̳ǰӽǽ
Աļɶһ֣ЩڹҵĽʿҲָ߾壬ͬʱвϻӽԽ䲻
ȻǵȲǣЩӦڵԱͶʯһ£ʿǱϿʼ˼Ͷʯ
һĴʯͷȥ˳ƹ£ѹһƬͬʱҲֹǰЩϳǽǿɲףǼڻô
ʱڳ£ͻȻһİӰЩдţǵע⣬ѸףǷצõıЩԱıǰֽ
ЦܣնֻǣҲûĹȫ˰
ҲĽǰôһֻǸţǣ
Сýߣǵģɱ仨ˮ
˵յ£Сƽϣ׿һṦҺ֣Ҳȥ
ЩɶǾӢṦʹ˶սϣҲ࣬Աټĺϻ֮ǹؼ汸
ССͻȺһ㣬ѸĹʵڳǽԱ˴ԶͺĴ󲿶ӣڹʯ谭Ӱ죬Ѿʱ޷ǰʱԮµʿ
Ծڿûĵȵȴ󽫣Ȼսôȵ⼸ĸ֣Ȼʵսǻǲ㣬ļıֲ˲㡣
һٴŽǣ׼Ծﴵ˵ڶκŽǣҴ׺;³ǽлǺӵԵʣϳǽֱӹԱ٣ֻӦԶĵ˼ɡ
Ҵʱ˵νһٶ˥ߣֻҪʹԾ֤ʿҾʤ
˵ãԱǰϾ٣ʹĹҲֵֻܵһʱҼ֦ҲϾޣҲֻܹ涨ÿһܵõ
ǰ˶ĵ˳ǳȻ˫ֶָһƬȻڽʿǧǶͶأм˺ֻҪܸһսɳʹսҲ˵ҲսӢ·սź
ۣӡ
ȫƱΧɢʱֻһ£һϸĹŽ
ʱ밵սʱĺɫٴΪε̫ˣΪҪһǣҲĴ㣬ѾǿɷˣǲõģѾӡЩǿʹԺϰˣҲԼȥӦֻұøǿұҲȰ
˶ǵһμһƽʱȫ෴ɫװҲǾȣսϣܷģҲûʡ
ҳ۽һǣϣڽʿǣ
ȻΨհӭĳǧԱӡۺĽ̬֮ܽӡͷųȫתԼҵٶȸ죬ˣ
ССƺʹԼĴΧɱԾУɣʬҰʬ壬ССƱϾֻʮ꣬ѪȣҲеܲˡ
Ȼףݾģ
ǱľĿھΪƽԼľҵĻĬͬʱϳʹȫȻ֮УκιǶҲвˣǵĸоУ
ƽľ˵ıҺ⣬ʵ˵ĳҲеܲˣϾҲɱô࣬ΩԱƱʷҲһѪʷ
ӡۺңȫɢƾѾЩͨʿܵõˣֻվǰˣѾǸˣǸоһɽһǰѹǶ
ͻȻѸ磬Կ֮ƣһľΧеˮӶγһ۽Ϊľ޴
֮ƣƸ۰䡱ľ죬ֻȫһƬɫǣǰԱȫ˱ѩɵۣǰӳʮס
վڵһƬȫѩһƬѩţΧʮͻأҲЩûܵԱһ
ɫ䣬ʵΪľĹϵҲҿһ㣬оٽǰ˫ͻȻһţУ˫ָɽĶ˲ƶ
ͻȻһţкȵ򽣷
۽ʮͬĽƶĺӰΧӵգָһʮѽֱ¡
γһƬ⣬ɨһƬ˲ʹ˵壬һϹŽɾûӡǿǰҿʹ򽣶û⣬ȻҾҪһ£ҷӡԼʹǰĽɲˡ
깥ľս˶ǲ˼飬ô֪ϹŽɵľأ
׿ŵĽʿŸǿ书Լϻ֮绢ɱԱƬײԼҲЩСˣûҵ󷨣£书ǿҲˣ
ԱѾǹʵ˵˭Ҳ벻ҾȻһѽֳʮѽһһƬȫǽɵĽۣӿݵġ
ȥƻǳԱʱѾö־ȫޣ֮£ȻҪձˣ˸
ƣ͵һսҲˣҪٵ˵ֵѾǲ˼ˣȻҪΪǼı֣ԼսϴƵӦãܴԱ
ҷԸСһΪˣΪЩʿˣЩимҺ˵ö̫أһЩƾҵҽҲܾ㶨ġ
һҹעԾҿڳǽϵڻãŸӦû⣡
С΢ĵÿ춼³ԲЦôأ֪ҽΪʲô֣ôȥӭ֮Ա
׵ô⣡
˼ͷҲ̫ף˵ɣ
Ҹ벻ֱ˵ˣʱֻСʦĻҴˣ
˵
ҿССһµʦ˵ˣһٶ˥ߣսϱˡͬʱǱֳʵѾĴԾûйƴĻܿԾ֮󲻻˴ģĽɧս
СĺܺãϾˣԺԾȡսΪϾǵʳޣҲ»ֻҪϼ죬Ǿûˣ
ҵ
СƵȻ㣬Ͼÿ춼ӦЩɧսеǲҪ˰
ҹԹԸɺ¾ˣɱÿôȥɱöˣΪÿ춼Ǹͨ˱ˣ
׽ѵ
Ǽ̲סЦΣЦ˺ˣϢȥɣȻûȥӦЩԾˣ
ȻԾ󲿶ӻǰÿζСɧսʵ˵ǻͦ۵ģҪǾϵƣͣ
ҶԵǺܸоó˶Ҫۺܶˣ׿ѾƣͽأССõ㣬ÿ붨Ϣ
СҲûȥˣ϶ץʱϢȥˡ
Ϣ쿴ԾѾϲɧţҲʲô⣿뿪ڼұûԾС
û뵽Ҳڣʱ˵Ѿûˣ㡭ȷҲѾͳ蹴ˣ
ֹݵȹ˶뿪ˣȻ֪Ȼڲ˵ȷȡԹĵλ
Ȼ˼ңҺ߹ˣû뵽谡裬̫СˡȻȫһҪڼұңԺҴԾҪ˰
̼򵹵ǣл
Ұ̾˿ԺҪѳˣھ¶ڵ£Ҳֻй㡣
ȻĻ͸˶ˣȥڶһҾͽϢˡ
е̫ˣҪͿ뿪ˣܰ
磬Ǿ׼ɣǾҪǴѹ룡
ģܣǶѾ׼
һսʼˣָ˽ĵֿԾսսŪˣڱصð
ʱѾˣٲ߾ˣǽѾܵشһХ
ǳ˵źţѸײڶ֮ʩչṦسڵܵҴѸȥܵ;УнʿͿʼݻٱڵķݣܴ𣬿ʼš
պڼұΪ棬ԾʱܼҲֻһƬݻٵĽܵȻҲǿĹסˣ
Ǿʹȥŷûʬ壬ʬ嶼ûһƥʼ֪˼ƣе綼Ѿ뿪ˣͬʱҲΪûڣˣܽҰסǴԺܲء
ûкҩɳԣһйȥˣͲٻͷˣʱѾңŮԼ˻ȥعˣ




064 ֮

ҴܵڣȷԸߣҪܵڣ
׿ǣү
ҽʿܵ뿪Ҷ׵˵߰ɣｻҾˣ
ͷܣɺͿǻڳڵģ
Сһ
ȴ뿪ܵ˿ԶԾѾ˽ȴڼұѾһˣԭõһ԰öþͻɷˣеĸоȻסʱ䲢ûкܾãϾǼң
ңõһʰܿҵļҾҪõعˣҶԹʼֻһҴҹͣ˶ѡܵУھܵʮͣתȫӯͷ޷Զ
Ҵһȣȫƻȭжܵڱʼ㲻أ˲ʩչͬɫ磬ֻһĲӰܵһȫҲȥ˵Ѿȫ·ˣҪڿҲҪܾˡ
ɿͨܵ棬ֻСƺСţ׿ڽԶϢ˱ʵܣ𣿡ҵͷȫŪˣǸǳһˣ
ҴˣǸ뿪ˣ
нʿҿʼǰڹҶѾͽõİУԶ뺪ԾǺܽΪƫԶĵط̵ģǳȫԲʲôȫ⡣
Ҵ˼򰵱У˿ɶСйҽ̵ĲṦ߸⣬ҲûСС˵ṦҵССƣڵṦѾĵͣ˷һ˿һÿһȻù
СЦʦ˵ҲһѧʣҪѧ̫ͨ壬Ȼ֪ôأ
СʦѧĳǺöؿ죬ߣҲһ㶼ۣк̫֣
Ħʦһέɽľ绹ЩԶŬɣѾǰǽ쾳磬Ժǵĳɾ޿
ʦĦʦ˭
С׵ʵСҲһһέɽֻʦõû뵽õ
Ħʦµġ٣ô𣿷һʦǲ֪ô֪
Ҵһʱڿ˳˴ĦʦˣʱҲŴһҺдĦʦǸЩʱգҪӽˣʱе쿴ǰˣĵͰɽоǰˣڴү˵
ЦȻǺõط̵ģɽ֮нǴú׼һǾͿԸϸعˣ
ѾӦΧвٰڣҵǽӽʱϾͿʼźŻȥ䣬ٶȺܿ죬ȷİڣҪȫˡķҺ⣬Ȼ˷ֵĿԼûУϾСʻ괬
ͽɽڣɽΧϡľǻӶ࣬滹һʱסĶѨıݡ
˸ڴҵҪҸڻʲôѵģصĺܺãʯϣеʯţȴΧĻںϵǡôһҲԵͻأоͺԭʹڵĴʯһ
ֻʯŴ򿪣ӭ˳ͷСӣŵӦԪˣФ̶ҲڣһһУŮĵ˫΢죬ǵ㱳ˣˣ޺۾Ͳÿˣҵĺ÷
ŮΪЦˣ
ҴЦţŮ߲ѣһУҵǰ̧ӦԪЦСٲҪЩǸأ
ҡͷЦ˵ҪҼ
Ф̶ĵֵʵ̫Ȼֻ֮˽ڼұΣգԾݵʶͣǻۣʵ̫
յϢһҲȣղϢء
ҰֵФ̧̫ˣ˳£ҲڹҽʿɱвȡõĳɹͿɲһ˵ģ
ҺЩͣû˿ΪұͲںЩҵıڱоǫ飬Ҳռͣҵء
Ƚȥ̸ɣ
ӦԪһԴԶԶԣ㿴ңСǶɣ
˵ձǽ˰Уĵ·ȽͨҲûлǵĿͨ粻
ӦԪ쵽һУΪ򵥣ҲǣϾֻʱסһ¶ѣܿ͵뿪Ҳòõöáڴ£ֻӦԪС죬¶ѾźˣةѾ߹ϵؽϢǵѾعˡ
û뵽ôѾʼˣεû뵽ô찡
Ф̶ֵڵķͷʢѾ˿ɱˣ˴ȥأضܵãүҲʮָˣгֵ˲ţʵҴ֮
ЦФⲻ̧̫ٳôǺǣ
̧٣ʵ۴һ£˭гֵ͵ʶأ
ʵ֪Ҫڴ˴סأ
ӦԪֻ뿪ˣһжѾ׼׵ˣ֪СôЩսģ
һЦֻҪعҾͻ֪ʱһϲ
ӦԪͷԣرҲʣ˵ͷСһܵǱˡ
ʱɩ߳ǰɩҿǰѴȱĴ˻Ŷ
ɩЦܣôɩЦˣڣɩôᵣأ
ҹЦҲǰŴɩأܲòѴŰ
һ仰˵һ죬ɩǸӵŮӣȻߺ졣
Цҡͷܰ
˫һ̯˺ˣЦˣ磬㻹ǺúɩӣϾЩӶߣҾͲˣ
˵ž׺ʹɩȥܶ磬ʵҲǺӣҲ˳ҵĺ⡣
ʱȻŮҴҸϵæ˹ȥϱŮΧһԴĵĽݣҲǸоҸ˹ĵĸоǺðվŮԱߣԲûŮĹҲûӹҵ۾˸ĵᣬ΢һۣת߲ҡ
ŮҺССǣҲ񽲹һ㣬ԿԾ˵˳ŮȻ󻹶˸ֹǳȻ֪û£ⲻ˾Լġ
СƵʦǷģʦ̫ˣʦһ˾ͿɶԶԸǧʱ
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Ŀ¾Ф̶м䲻ƽˣСƵĻףǰжʵʹ˵ĴȻȻһǧֱͬһ㣬˵˫ȫӴǻ˵á
ȻûȥעФ̶ʲôʱվҲˣȥϢϢɣ
ô·ϾˣССƻǱȽƣ͵ģҾսۣҲսսĿģֻвջˡ
ӦԪ׿ЩʿȥϢҲССƻطȥ붨ȥФ̶СϢձҪϸСФˣ
Ф̶²ңڰ˳㣡壡
С΢̾Фģ֪ˣ
СԽԽɫˣ˵·ȣ߰ǲͬһ˵Ȱ
ӦԪҵС찡ҲͷǺúϢϢ⼸㲻ڶûô˯ð
ҵͷģһ̸һ̸ӦԪȻ֪͹̸̸ڼѾȫȨӦԪˡ
ҶŮȥ̸̸ϻǵҺ𣿡
ȻΪ󸾣ʱȻ˵ͷȥɣڷ㣡͢磬Ҫ̸ӵģȻǵˣ
ݶҪ
΢΢һЦͷӦԪȥˡӦԪһ䣬мڷһŰ̸ʲô˵һûѹˣô˵Ҳҵˡ
ˣǰӭӣ֪ˣûȥӭӣ𷣣
§Цôóͷҵأ۰أ
˫շ죬޵ڿأ
ݴЦŮǺǣʲôϵһҵıŮһҵĺŮ
˹Сһ£ȻҪ̸̸ȵȥɣ𣿡
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ݵȻкµ֪СʲôҪ̸ģΪȥع֮𣿡
ˣȻعǵΤǴҰļҪԼ
ҵ
С˵ĵȷΤԲƽ֮ôʱ丨λһλةֶ࣬ξҾ˵ʳǧʿĶ࣬ͥǵȷԺĲԣ
ӦԪ̾
ӦԪܿ㣬Ҳȷ˵ӦԪ򵥣һ̹ȻȻΪھͲõģֻȻˣһ𣬾ԿԿعսͱʱֺξΤ˵ʿ˭ܱȵСأ˾ˣҵĽʿôʱھܱҿСҪΤٱ
ӦԪҲЦСڣعֺ赣أǶعҵ
ҵͷҲ˼ع֮ҪַսԼҵϵƣվҵ͵ڿ˾һ
һµͬʱǻҪչչ־ã˾þ͵ڿ˹ҵڶụ̃ʵȻũҵȻҪҵչѸٴ÷չ
˵ϴסҪ˵ˣʵйľ÷չͼ죬ǰ֪ٱǻǵÿȻйչÿ죬ȴȻǷչйңҪΪڷչô죬ΪǣӦøŬչǵĹң壬Ĵˣ
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̸ұ㾶ֱŮĴ󷿼УֻŮΧһأ΢ЦŽôλˣ
µסûУʲôʱȥع
Ӧÿˣİɣʱסӣ
ЦðҪס󷿼䣬˼һֱҰ⣡
ŶЦٲģξ϶Ҫˣ
ҿٻɫһʵٻǲ᲻뿪
÷۰§ٻã𣿡
ٻܵλöĹģгӵмͥҸҡ׵ǵģֻͻȻҪ뿪˿20ĵط΢Щд
ٻģһٻҸģʱǾعúԺҲõʲôˣǻعҶģ
ҿ˿Χ˸ˣȻǲڿ
Ȼһƣ΢΢ΣڨЦһ£ڸڷϢ˵ǱúϢ
ҵͷﻹ뵽£ҪľɣԼһܴģ
ʵ˵ôûŮɫˣڿôǰôʮָ󶯣ҵѾصŮƼأǡôŮɫ΢죬ƤȾ˺ϼ
͢ЦҪʹˣ
ҺٺЦǶܣ֪𣿡
ᡰϾǵһΣһôڣŲҧеĶ֪һҲź㲻ҪĻȵعʱٸҺ𣿡
ôӷȣ΢΢ҧŶ鲻ԽһУɫߺ죬ŷϣܸ̲סˡ
𣬶δޣҵûȻϣܵҵ¶Ů˵¶ܸ˵ȵȡ
ȻҲˣһѺᱧߵ齱ߣŮЦǵ·ˣ˭ѵΪʹ˭ƨŶ
Ůǽ߲ѣֽȴϿʼԼȻ㻵ˣڽǶɵˣ
ŶݶЦǰݽ㶼絴һأ
ݶöγѪˣŶã׼Цң
ĿǴ󵨳İѺ·˵·ŮҪ򵥣Ȼѵס
ϣʱѾϵﶼˣȻԼҲѾ¶ǰ֬壬۵ļѩһƬӨ͸ΪҹǧС㣬ҿң˫ɬ˫֣㴽
ֱָȻȴϣ״ԲĽ飬̺죬һֱֻӸۺڣͻ֮أϮ΢΢
ҰԱߣһ§Ʒ˵壬ߣȻҵϣС캬סѾͦķͷŪңû뵽Ŀڼ֮ߣҾ÷ǳʵĸоϾǰҲûԹζ
Ůһȥϵ·һ߾߳ջĶ˵Χҵߣд񫰡жܵ˵޸ҵǶһľŮӣȻŮ֮˰
Ůǹ⻬ϾļӴĦҵķѾǵޣӣСôȫ˾޴ķ΢һ󣬷ſҵķȲתλխСۺڲϵĦš
ΧĽǸеĲλټҵ飬Ѿ鶯ѣʶĿʼܵץסҵķҪ۶ȥ̲סˡ
ϵҲĺŶסҵŭҲ̲סˣ۶ڣ˿һֱǿֱͦ룬ǲ㱡谭ֵֺܵʹ߼ü壬ֹͣ˶ûϾͦӡ
˫ߵļŮϲͣߣӦԪǴ֪ҪŮһңԸɴҵǴ󴲶˹󷿼ңǻ˰
һѾչüͷ֪ˣѾʹСˣǿʼ鶯ԽԽ죬ѾƲסʼ˽ţ㡭ٴ㡭Ŷ
ԱߵŮҲŪụֱ̂ϿԼ۶ŪţҼӽÿһζĻĴ
ѾʼʶĴˣڵֵסӭһθ߳һ߿УȫһΣ㺹쵹ڴϣֻǼ
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һһ˫ޣʵǺˬֻоȣչһ֫뿪Լ·ȥϴһȻ棬ֻ˶æ£ӦԪһ죬Ҵ˸кǶĿңͬʱҽ컹˾ҲҵȻôƻңżеħ󷨵ģ
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һ仰˵ߺ̧ͷˣҲͻȻʶڴͥ˵ôصķ޷̫ˣϽֻܿһ䣺ȥԷ
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ҲţôѵҵҲ޷ס֪жôϲ𡭡
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ˣǻȥ׷ͬηȥأȥ׷Ƿ׷أһ»طֽ⣡ˣôôҪͷͣˣߣߣ˵㣡ˣҪ֪ܣǲ㣡ߣҪҿǿ췹Եİ




065 Դϲ

ţ΢΢ţҲ֪ôڵ飬·ʧȥɫһ㣬һһӡ
һμ棬̽ңȻҵûʲôֻ̽һ㹻ʸõɷ򣬲ллɱ¶ûʲôˡξǿϸˣ
һδæļ棬ԶԷ̵ӡ
֮װɷǰ
㶼ǽãǲǲҪ˰
˭ˣãڻҵ⣿
һɱֳˣҽһ׷󡭡ˣʱ㻹ǵù
ܵڡ㡭ǵұ١ɱ¡ʱ벻˵ĻҾ͹ԹĽ޺𣿡
չһ棬һҪǿŮӣȴǰչһ棬֤ҡ
ҵ˫Ŀеţ۹ûн࣬һֺƱΧˣ˵Ķ˸бĸѹţƶ޷йȻԣһסҵ֣ůĸожȥ
ŮΧߣҴʱͻȻ˹Ů̬ĻףҸղŵĸ鲨ǿľҵĸͷųӰ쵽ˣǶ̫ܣһûȫͷţ˶ܱ⣬һо͸һ
ǸȻھεĵԲ𣬺ôܣǷã
ݶĵɣǶӣϣľǷĿֺѹѹʱǻһѹǻһ֣ǵһУ
ȻɣҪȻˣɱˣģɣһа취ҵģ
΢ŵǻ磬һҵģһܰģ磡
һµοһµĶͷ֣صģһҵ·ģ
Ҫ㶯ÿ϶ߵģҪ׷õĻһҪˣ
վŮھȥǷģа취ҵģ
Ȼ춯ɣǻȷģ
ҶӦԪ͹ݵղСãλܾˣ
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ӦԪС죬Ƕ֪飬ģ㻹Ȱһɣҵͷ˵һˡҴ뿪һƵģİǰ뿪ǸӦҲϳңΪֻ˿ֲʵԼһȴǷǳϡ
նУ㲻أ߷ԼٶǰҵĲ²⣬ܻܿᳯȥΪԭļңѾһ׽ͻǱɣԵǱԾֻʣﵥˣѡȥ
ȴ֪ߣûа취ˣֻýʶ򿪣ͬʱȻ֮ҵʶУ˳һȻ֮ʶǵصȥܸоóͱȽϷ㡣
ͻȻһֺϤĲһ֪Ѿҵˣ˳˿ҵ˷򣬲룬ֱУȻҵٶѾˣи죬ֱԽӡ֮ȥ
ǣּС֮ϣаζӳ£˵ζ̾ϢǶǴǸ׷ɵˣ£ҪڴǱ˴룬ҶŻɱﵥԹء
Ҳã֪һεӱˣΪʲôȴ˵СԼԳǷݸ飬Ϊʲô
ͷ뿪ǸɣҲ֪ΪʲôӱܡġҲ֪ΪʲôɣԶֻһټ桭һҲӱܣԹӺ𣿡
˵꣬ȴƲס˾ӨˮһѣеĿϵЩˮ
˵ģȻ͹ԹԸһȥӣ
һޱϤŻһɫվǰ·ϣ᲻֪˵ʲô֧ţɡ
ûлشĻ̤ǰһĵ˵ģټ棬׿һУ¸ԣҵӣ˵ģڣǲ뿪ҵģԲᣡ
Ҳ̲סˣۿˮ̰ͬӿʵôҵġҡ졭ϾˡΪʲô㻹׷ϡ
һĵʹߵĺǣҲ׷㣬Ұ㣬
ɵϡɵϡ
ǰһѽĽ§ڻУĽıסһСͽҶȥһ㣬ԭʧõĸоģʧȥʹ࣬õϲãĴϲʵ̫̫̼ˣԴŵɬˣһһӵģ֪һġҪ뿪ˡ𣿡
׷ҵǰĵ֪ˡ뿪ˣ
Ұøˣٴʵ㱣֤㱣֤Զ뿪ң
΢̧ףң͸¶飬ƺҪۻһ㣬һߣȺŮӣ
ҼĶƬ촽һȥͷԵ˿أ̴У᲻㲻ֱӭǻһ᲻÷ֿƺ뽫ںһһֱ˴ˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãֻǷе㴭ķ˿һ滨ĽݣҸ뵽ᣬǿȴжظԵŮӣӵ
ῴӢףͻȻꡱһЦ㿴㣬Ҳᣡ֪ߣ
̫ĵ۽ǲ֪ˮеΣװµתͷʲô㿴ˣ
὿Ц˼ҿˣ
һŵֻɳӴ۾
ʱǵеС޲µӡ
῿һУҸĵһΪһŮϵˮ֤жôŮӣҸġ
һúչģһһ۰ģҰ㣡ILOVEYOU
ᴷҵؿһ£Ц˵ĻˣЦУ仰ô⣬ɱ˵ôû²Ŷ
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һڼߵһ𣬾ҼᶨԭҪÿϲŮҸҪΰסκ£ҶҾԻᣡ
ԺֱӽˣȻǰ˰뿪ΪߵʱʵǷǳãģԲû뿪ðܻصˡҽ§סСһǣ˾ȥ
΢ҵļϣ΢գĴ˿˿ҵıУҵָСϣңܸܵ£ӵǵģȫӵˣ֪κҲ뿪ˣˣ
·ɣԲ𡭡㵣ˡ
㷢ζ֪ϴƮỹǺ˿Цɵϣ㲻ֻҪԺ뿪Ҿˣ
ͻȻװǵĵĵѵԺ뿪𡭡
΢̧żּϣԳһֶص˵Ľ踲סҵ죬ˣ˵Ļʱˣ˼ҴӦ㡭ҾҲ뿪ˡҷſǣ֣ס촽裬˼£ļ˵ỬҰ֣ţҲ΢ɬ΢û׹û硭˶ġ
ҸЦûû׹ֻҪԣϣһӡԶ
ٴһУɢŵеζ૵ѹôŮӶ㡭
ҲȻȻҵǺ𣬵ֻԼϲŮҶǵĸ鶼ϵģҳ費һˣԸСˣҲϲαӡҵ¿ɼ
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ڲֻͬҶ磬׼ȷ˵Ƕ׿ú񡶴˫ǴȺիֱǡ
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ҺҲЩͬһСŮղߣҸ뵽ԭԼһϵİϣ˵ֲͬһҸоķԡŴգȫ˵졣
ʱƺΧľɫҲöˣȻľ࣬дݣҲּСĸо΢ϡ⣬͸ҶĿ϶˽żɹһЩС
΢ҿԱһЩҰһ±һº𣿡
ʵɣ㻹Ҫʲôȥǵģ
úܾãܿͺˣ΢һ£
˵գұߵҰԣѡһЩɫģһЩ֦֦ûҾһɫĻ䱻ұ֯һ𣬽֦״ҵֿٵĶš
ֻǺţһЦ󹦸ɣ㿴ϲϲ
ҽõɫĻŵǰǺϲʵƯǡ
ҽŵͷϣȥȻ˿סĵͷÿ𣿡
ҺЦȻÿҵô綼ÿԼ
ƾһԲһݵǰ
űһգʵĻԼͷϣһһ㣬ܸһ׵·ʴЩ׺Ǿ͸ˣ
֪ԺһҪúô磬вٻױƷ࣬ĤʲôĶУ

νŮΪüݣȻϲȻֵˣˣ˼֪ˣһȥҪһЩģ
ǽ̽ɣЩȽϸӵģ
ѵƸ̾ĵ治֪ʲôˣȻóô಻˼ĶֻҪŮ˿¶ܲˣ
㲻֪ǶӵĻҾˣ
ҴЦг˲⣺ӣ棿ʲô˰
ûʲôһкܴµˣȴʼܲһ˵ģϾˣ
ԼСڻص˰ʱֻµһϳǰһѱסԹ㣬ôôˣǵˣ֪֪ߺжôģ
ҲижԼõķ۱ҲˣΪҵѾסˣҲֲˡ
ҰŮڻУԺ󶼲ֿˣԶˣ·İɣ
ȻŮҲ˳Ļվһԣ˭Ҳûдǣ´ʱƤ̧ͷЦ磬Ƚȥɣ
ҺЦǰȽȥɣȻҲվˣ
Ŷƫǣֻº
ҹЦţŶߣһѽУɷ˵ֱӡ˫֮ϣ̰˱̴еҽĺ촽ǵúײŷſôҵСҪ˵Ϊƫ𣿡
Ŷ类ǵ÷ֲ嶫ϱˣοֻǿЦĻⰡĵĺһ۵ˣŶôأɿȥɣ
˵ŮӵҺ˱Уʱȴܣ˵Ҳû֪ȥˡ
ܼüЦСѾ׷˰ճɾʵһ°Ǻǣ
Цϸ磬ȥˣû㰡
ܵҳȥ˿ϸһ߾ķ⣬ҹҹ࣡
ϸȤأ
ҵȻԺҪٹ࣬ɵýǷޣȻ̸أ
ܰڰ̸ֵǺǣСѧ峵ҶѣҪ̸ҲСǰϸ磬ֻҪ룬ʱҶӭʱһѾԻ
ãһѾԻС찡̸ر찡
ܲ޸̾ĵҵȻĻôΪ֮أ
ܷ˷˺ˣϸҲСˣЩ檿ٲأǺǣ
һ仰˵Ůɫ΢죬ɬѣȻŶļŮǲǿ󵨵ļŮ͢Ѿͷôô˵أ
Ц˺ˣϸ粻˵Ļˣ
뿪ұŮطŮҲǴϻۣڸҺҲд⣬ˣ˭뵽ʶҵĹһ㣬Ůǲһᣬʵΰһۣ͸¶Цң˵һ¡
Һ޵ģûϵͳȥعˣع㻹ܵҵҵĺٺ٣ֻñһңȴһԴ΢ЦĿǣܾı
Ȥɣżζܸ˶ʰɡ¶һ˿Ҹ΢Ц֮ĹϵʱͦӣҲ̼ͦģǺǣ
ͻȻ뵽һʵΤʶСȻФ̶ˣ֪Τ᲻ỳСݰ
ٻЦѾ½ˣ
ǵɣ˼Ѿˣȴڲ£
һħֱϮķκ飬·Ƚϱõ¶ţǰͻˡ
ʵ˵λĸǾɫˣȻ͢ŮǳƵ֮ˣҪǷĸܵ˰ѹƣĵҲ
Ҹ˶ļͦн㻵ˣҺٺЦŵ㻹û˵أô㶨µİ
һߵ̽ǽһģǲǸýأЦð˵Ϊһλ޵ģݶʱʵģɣ
ݶԭԭ˵˳
ԭڼΤϵʱдţ⽫СĻҲĸΤһһָָͼӡϣΪָֻСУΤ͸ʱͬʱ͵ģָ֪
ʵҲܲµõϾڸФ̶ۼǾ͸ˣˣȥعˣڹҵͷѾΪǿ·ΤѾ֪ͨ˱߹أǵ˾ͻӭǶȥ




066 

عķμˮشĶ
ʼ˳磬ˮݶӵʽƬ棬ּȮսǵʷÿһֶѪдɡ
ТʱյķެϢĹܷͣڴˣһܵĸӹʵȴΪҳеرֵ߽ļʹ
ӹ޵Ȯֹ侩ɱƽǨ幫йӵعķأʵսʱ̣۵ȴعȨ䡣ֱ¹λ⼮Ͱɡ塢֦ˣŵ춨һǿĻ
عǿһԾΪ߹ǿʢĹңӦ鹦ТТ֧䷨±ƣԾ۾ȨʱļޣǨΰĳں͹ͳһȫĶ⣬ΪʮһأѾշĽϳӵ˽ɹֱӼ˰
عʵҲһײǾǵˣҲνķ࣬ı죬ع˴֮Ȼ˲³Ҳȷĺ
ھɽ֮ϣμˮ֮μǡҴڹң;棬ߵأȻܵһӭҵ¼Ѿ£˴θӪعйٱ춼ΪӢۣ䣬Ҳ£ȻǶҼƳˡ
߹ؽʿһ˿챨سһѾΪ׼˴󴬣װǰȥ˰ɽ֮࣬ȥȻǿˣϾҿɲۻҵĺǣΪҪϵҲûʱͻˡ
ǻڲõ֪ڰʱͽˣһʱֻܿܳԵ³ֻõȥˣҵĺΪɾԲŹģȵҲֻҪ㣬ҸҪ²˴ˣô䣿ܻµң¡ϲզΣ
ϰǶ˴ʱǰӭˣФ̶ǰΪǽţȻϣͼȺ˹ֻͼݳʮ䣬÷ǳʵƤڣֹ͵ƣ˫Ŀһ㲻ӢȴйյǺ
˹Ȼһ״Ҳ󣬵ʦԭк˵ͼһͬӭ˴εͼһӭˣȤҵʵ¼ǾͲԭܱˡ
ͼĵһȻҴгֵĳ׿γ²أ
΢һЦͼѣҳݣ
Ф̶ʱ͵Ϊҽܵλǳʿ˹
˹ЩҾ͸㲻̫ˣ˹ǰһӣҼӣʵ˹֮
΢һЦصˡ˹ٻͳһ£˴־أ
˹оȣһͼеֵĵʶ˹Ȼ֪˹֮£
пٵת˼ȦЦŶģڴʱ뺫ǹӽãҲǴе֪˹ģ˹뺫ǹͬѰɣͼȻ˹ĳȴ뺫ͬѣ˹ةʳ͡˹ڳڴι֮ҲжţȻǳ󵨣ɷϳӵȷǸհԶĳ֣ĳǵ뷨ʵԶȲϳӣ
һֵ˹ؿŵȺҵרҲֻ˵˵ѣҪҾʲôһأ
Ф̶ʱӸڻȥүΪڹ׼סլʱеʱ̸
˹ȷˣĳԣ룡
ҺЦͷͼȵǾͷͼ·ˣ
ͼȷǳĴ·ȻŮʱȻ˾ˣΪ˱ǵòǳʲô鷳Ҿ͸ɴǶ渲ɴȻסǽգȴһ֮룡
˹ֻ΢һͻָͼȺФ̶ҲȽƣӭǵȻǱŮԻˣ滳ǲҪ¿ˮˣЩڹҵĽʿаΪһĴڣҵҲǹмѣҳ֮⣬ǿ˭ЩǵĸΪˣôǲ
ͼҲϷҽʿʼȻõΪʲô˼ЩɫˣЩеĻĨһߵĿˮǵڹҵĽʿǣȫоһƬ
ҽʿɶ̵ĸ书µһЩҩģˣʲôʱµģңⲻ˵ǵģYYС˵ǹôడΪչһЩͬʱ̵ڹķ˵СгɾͣԸЩһˣоһȥ
ЩϿʼԼĹͼ΢εĵ˲£ӱⰡ
΢Ц޷ǻ߰ɣ
ͼȵӵȷع
ͼȿóǺʵֻԺҵӵȻˣЩ˹еĵߵĻһǳζˣʮ̣żǶһЩģٺ٣ˣԶ㡭ңõ
Ԫڣ뿪ǰյţ˵£Ϊ֮ܶīߣϣʹīлʵǿԺܳΪعһǿī߱鲼£ҵܶйͬīߣǾһɲСʵҲʹҽǳΪعصĴͬʱҲΪСǿĿɽ
ڹסҲнʮԺɣ˵ռһ˶ǵԶҴԭҾ˽⵽ׯ˶켧ӮǷǳ谮ģϧǣڡ켧Ѿˣֻ˵Ǹˣ
ڹҵסլڣλ󳼾۾ӵҲֻһյҵĹ򣬱ɵִڵĳڡǣڳֹɣμˮμŹͨγɺΰ׳ûʵĹȺ
࣬ƽסĵطŷļеȣҵ䷢عľùȻǿʢҵһҲڹʵƣعľãټҴûó׵飬еĻҾ͸ıһ£ڹҵѧϰʱعľãȻһȻȿƾӵװսϵľˣҲ׬ǮģִЩĶ฻
˿ڱ֮ʹʢдŻˣûкеôݻҲ紾ӣͻľڴϵˣ඼Žط䣬Է飬ʱͻȻ˽еǳ裡ǳӢۣµһ֣
Χ˶Χ˹ӢҸоϷŵĶһ˹ͣΧԽԽֻ࣡ʲôۣǳ裡ʵǲͬڳˣȾͷһ㰡
Ӣӣзȣ
ĳЩŮ
ЦܣŸ˿ɶʶˣû뵽һ۾ϳ㰡
Ľ治Ƕ磬ʵҪҲôͺˣ
ЦҲȥԣһ˴ȫˣ
ͷҡʵ̫ˣ
Ů򱻰˻ڣûñ˿ȻҪһɧˣôһȺŮߵɧҵİ
Ȼ΢еңڿƷΧ֮ڣΧ˶Ǹҵ֣裡裡
䣬һԹһԼڴֻܳһ԰¿类Τˣڴ££ͷʢң˭ܱȵأ
˫ֶָ۷΢Цл黶ӭ£л
󣬵ط˶ҵĻֵˣͺǶ˵һ
һ˱һӭǵլۡͼȵȥȻǣ˹Һймѣǰһԣ˹ֻú֣ȴһЦǳһƱ㻯˹ֻҲģ˹ʼ̫ףͷ΢΢һ˼ͻȻ̧ͷ˫ۼĿң岻Ĳţҵ˼ĻŲڣȻڿ˵Τﶼˡ
˹΢һ˼ҲǾ仰˼˹Ҫҹˣæס˹˹Ĺˣ˹׳ӵ˼ֻҪõ˹֮˹ضǣ
Σôһô˵⻰ˡ
˹мĵлӣ
ε˺ˣҲлˣҿóԺԲ򵥣Ҫʱܸҵ˼𣿡
˹æͷ˹һ߾ѧӣ
ͼȺФ̶лȥϾ켧֮ȻѾһϢ黹ҪФ̶ȥ͸Τ򱻹ѺҪׯû취˭ñ켧֮ĺڹء
ӦԪѾһУҵˡѾߡ輧Ϊǰͳһֻ嶼ӭ˽ȥҲͲסӣһȥͿʼܣһ
ȻΪ󸾣ȻǴŮȥ÷ȡСʱסڴ˴ȴһͬˣ׼һˡ
ϱ磬˿˵ǵһǢһ̸ЦҲֵüˣڹңǴʱĹһԹأҵпܻǻᱻ޸԰Ȼ׬˱ˡ
ҼСƺǺܿģʵСƣôˣ
һԵСҲע⵽ĵĵСƣǲʲô°
СƵֻԺС͵סȥˣҲǰˣ
ҸһǵļԺ󲻹ʲôݣӰǵֵ֮飬ҵĻνһˣֵܣǲᱻֿסҵĻ
˫˵Ƿˣ
СһѴСƼϣ֣صĵʦ˵öԣһˣֵܣԶǺֵܣ
СƵͷЦԺһúðСɽʱǾǽһڣһ⣡Ҫʵ´ͳ룡
ţŮȻΧһѣŮŮģοǺýءӦԪݺշҵһϯݵС죬㿴ΤڵΣ
һµΤ˺ܲ򵥣Ѿλλڵλӻ̫ȹ̣һȪһԣΤ˺ǣȻҲϣ£ǣϾҵʵۺ񣬶ȹĵλкܴã
ӦԪС죬ڸǺã⣬ȻڼѪͳǻǽǻΪΤһϵ
ѾˡعҲǱȽʣȪ֮ܣ˵˽ӵׯׯܼλ˵кܴͣΤڵĵλѾгƣȪСҲǻɣΪ켧ΤȪӵӳԵģСعôСҲǵĿ꣡
շعƿҲֹۣ
ҡͷǵδأȪˣа취ȥӦһȫС̫֮λȽ׶ǾʱΤˣҲҪע⣬ֻǺҵ˼𣿡
ӦԪͷףС˼Ҫһ߷չԼͬʱֽ׶ΤԶԿȪˣ
Ҿ˼Ҫͷ±ǰзչԼͬʱһڳϣ£ЩĴ󳼣ӵС
ҵ
΢һ£Ǿͼˣһ׼컹ڴ֮ϷҪ¸㶨ˣΤСɾӡȻҲˡ
ССһ̸ȥˣϾԺ˼治ԭô㣬ҹǷ࣬עݡǻȰƣĺȣ뾣ҲǿģϾѾ¼ˣԺ϶Ҫڶˡ
ᵹǸú֮ұŮص㷿ʱĵˣ컹Ϊ¶ۣ
ЦҵķˣΪ£ۣΪ˻أ
ΪҪޣŮŵĶ±ɴֵģһĿǰֲ濪¶ѩױһ鹵ȻˣϾǻûз֮ʿˮǲһΪ򰡣
˵տһۣ˼Ȼǣˣ
ŮǺܰæĽǰЦ쵱Ȼ̷ˣ㣡ܲŶ˺ܾأ
ѾͷҲ쵰ʹˣ
µƤͷ㣬סģûһܵ˵ģ
ŮҲǽЦϣ͢ҵǣʲôµģܲˣôһ㣡
Ҳеܲˣǿ˵ĵܲ˵ĻǺˣڸһϹģ
ҴȤȫˣѵΪҲɱö׵ĲŹأ
СһҲ£һڴͲϰѹڴ⻶һȻأɵˣֲ֧סˣҲأ
û뵽ȻҲ˵ƤĴȤһαߵ޵أŮЦ뿪䵽ȥˣʱֻʣˡ
һɫķƹ󸾹װĸߣضüΪոձŮһЦʹɫ󣬸֮飬ڵһһֳ˵Ľˣ裬ס֫̾Ǽ۰
գ˵һУ㲻ϴҵıУұһѣҪз֮ŶҪ㣡
۱۹ҵĲӣ˿Ǵ鲪ֻ·ɣģġ
̴кӭҵͷסͷ̽Уס㶡
Ǳǣ߿ϣҷѹǽĽ֮ϣвͣȡţ˫Ǽ͵Ľ⿪Ҳûţȥ覴áȵչǰ
˫ָҵȳƵļ⣬ҴĸܣҵѾѹͦͻ֮ϣʧԣ˫壬Ұ֣ʱҵķȴָץˣǡôȴҴ̼ҵķѪǴ
û뵽ȻָŪһ£ҷſ㴽תĶвλһּŵ˵ɽ壬һ򻬵ƽ̹⻬С֮ϣǸǸˣ˫ߴȴС
СͣһҵִһƬдеïɭ֣ɭֿиɢĶڣʱ滹иѪͻҸţ΢΢ţҵ۶ţֻͣȴֲ˼ڡ
ߵ˵˵оõģ
ǿţҼӴͬʱ˿˿ļȾ˲ϼɷǶˣվ̲סɣɣҪɣ
һ˿ڣǾҲνˣſˣҵķۺмȥϵλ÷ĶĦº󣬴ִҪȥˣ
ҽɣɡ
һխСͨͬʱһٻǲ㱡Ĥ谭ʪůͨУԭʼĿϮҵķģȫ۶ڵأů
һͻʱüͷ壬ʹ߳ĿбϮҶĺǽһʹڱиȫȡҼѾüͷչ֪ѾӦˣǿʼţȴִŵҰ
ɢ§ѾҸɵ㺹죬ƣ˯ѵҲ۳˯ȥ
ڶһ磬÷ϱһˮһûϴˣʱǴŵ㵭ĺϼԱߣĴ˯ţȵĺһͷ㷢ɢţΣͦض¶ڿС
ӣΪǺãʱŮѾұȽӹ÷ϵ裬ϴ˰һԷҴ£ЩѾרˣҲŶŮϤĵķȥԼʲôʱ·ᴩඣǺǣ
ýȥˣæඣϵŮˣȻҲˣҵҩڣȻѾǺˣȻƽһ㣬ҲߣŮһ㣬ЦеĿûĵһ۵㣡˼·̫ߵ۵Ҫ
Цһòϵֹҩͺˣ
һ㣬ЦЦᣬҵôˣȴϲͻȻ뵽ǡ޼ɴӦҪΪüһ£ижԺÿɷΪλ˻üΣŮһ㣬漴¶ڴж۵飬΢ЦſЩ˱ȽĽ檵һΪǻüֻҪԸ⣡
ŮǸжзžӨỨŮɡǶԸ⡭ֻҪߣǶҸģ
Ұ쵽м̯ŮֵݵҵУǻһ
ŮЦжڵͻˣŮΪ޶ˣΪҵжЦݣһжĲƸӵǾ㹻ˣ
ڸȥˣҲĿĵһˡұϡӦԪ͹ݣԼССƳǰҪúһˣ½ˣȻרĸС̫֮λʵ´ͳ




067 ع

˴νׯյǵִϢ˰ţӦûܷ͵ģϾڹͺܴȪһῪģû취˭ӵӳأһһΪߣôߵľֻˣСͲ̫ˣһǵöעⰡ
ѾһѺ˹ȥµĽѾҽ⿪һеʱ󣬱ƿڴҵĸоһֻŶӦһѲӬΧҷһһͷ˳һѨ湻ģɴȥɮˣ裬ġ
¼ǴȻõᷢʲô£жҵԹ޼ֱ޷ˣȻҲп־壬Ϊ֪ôԹĹâ޲ý̻ڼٵ켧ʬҲһعȻׯ֮˵˶켧֮Ҳʵʹѡ
عȻΰ׳ռͱԹҪ࣬ƣǡǰޡĲ֣ǰ⳯гڣɵҵȡǰ͢Ρ׳ú͸𣬺͢ĺΪҸǶ̫̫ɺӵĹҡ
ȻǷϽ£ǷΰƾͷԹԱ⣬ͬʱ뵽̨ͤ¥࣬ýգ齨ԳͥԺҲԺǽΧƣͬиǿ·ǲǸһЩͼִڽ϶ͼԹ˲ԼڷλҪѰҵĵ·
תͷ£˫ԹĶңû뿪һκβ˵ѾҪʼˣԱߣĵѭӦô캦£ڸǱӦʱˣ
һҧгݵġһʱɱȴֹҸ˵عӦõĳͷϾҲ֪ĴϻŮӣҲԣֻѵһ£¿Ǳҽţǵù۶
δǰ㳡ȴüͼȣֻͼЦӭǰүӭӳӣӿ룡
ұСһ˴ſھͼһˣһκ˴ִĺΰӭͷ˿֯߹ڣϲӧʱǰҡƣԼʮ÷ò棬ֻһϸ˵㣬Ӿĸо
ͼǰүүλµĳ裬ˣȻ˱ΤֻΤӵ𣺡ԭλǳ裬ˣһ˲ţǣΤ£״μ֮˲ǣ
Ҳүˣ
ʱϱͬӦԪһΤһѣΤʱҲСұܵүλˣ
СˣҲóĸˣǰ׳ʵˣ˫ĿȷǷе㲻ŭơ
ΤǰΤμ
СҲòԵĻصүˣ˴αܷأүҲǹûֻϧ
˵СҲһıʹ֮飬Τʲôˣ켧֮Ȼе㱯ˣɲΪһŮ˶Ĵǰ;ϾǸ˽ļһ켧ΤǽΪһӡ
ΤҲװűʹ֣ҰοҲڰ˳㣬Ī塣ӽ»׽ҲΪˣ
СݼǸ߰ҿɶСұѺ£Լŷż켧Ĺײ̧ǰ֮УѾվŲٴ󳼣ע⵽һλݵӣۣԼʮ䣬ɫڣ˪üͷʱ嵽һӣ˫Ŀʹг׿ȺĸоǳӲȻ˶ڼ״̬С
ֻһΤǰкĩүӣ
ֻƲýʣȴžңҺ壬΢Ц̹Ȼɽˣˣ
ҲǷ֮һ۾Ͳǰ֮˾Բ򵥣ΤΪСΤ֧СΪ̫ӵģǶСǳȻΤҲǽǡ
СӣȻΧվڵУСԱߣٴ󳼶ǰݼӣͬʱȻǰοС켧֮ʱֻʿةȪ󽫾
һתϸȪֻһ컪İӺһս۵ıʹ󺺣˷˲ͬûôݻվˣ־Τعʼյò֧֣ⷽȪҪöˡ
ֲͬˣȻΪڣֻСұڹңΤֲʡ͵ĵƣȪҪֶ֧ӳԵҲûжơ
ȪȻǸС񣬲ҿȪʵ̫٣ͲͬˣԿóС򵥣иӡعȻҲҪ£Ķ
ֻȪɫưͬзȵ΢΢һЦСǺ׻ȪӹȻһ˲ǣү˸ðأ
Τϼ޻ϲŭ¶ɫ
ȪϸۣһЦҰҡͷȪ̫ʧܣôùΤϺء˿ȴһ֪ׯ˵ˣ
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ʱȴֻ˷ܣһҾϹǶĶɩȻҵ磬ϽһЩˣǻǺǣ֪ҵݣҲ磬ƾǵĹ򣬻û¾ͱҴ仨ˮ
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069 Ե춨

ҳΪ̫֮£Ѿ˵ǴǣѾΪŮɱˣŮҵ룬ٸҵżǿȣЩ꣬ڻ֮ĸŮѾҵԻˣˣеˡңⲻοǣ
ҿǷǧŮٷ磬ӢƮݣʮܳһˣ׳һ֧滨ѹĵСŶԣǳ޵д˧Ҳˣ㡭ңʲô˼ҿǲƲŶζˣ
Τף˵ʲôҪҼ澣Ҳ˳Ӧ䣬ʵ˵ҿǲȱŮˣĽޣò绨һҶԣԭЩŮ⣬һǾ̫ɡ
סլԺѾԭĳ̫ˣλɲһˣ⼸ׯıǱȽϲСҸоѾСΪ̫ˣϾڹŴ򣬼С˳ɫΪ̫ӿ˵Ǻ⡣
ͬʱҲδ̫̫۸ˮǴˡͻȻ뵽ңҺְǱǸҰˡ뻹ҰĺãȻĥҰԾͲˣˣҽڣңС
ˣԭƥһǬУǵ¶࣬ȫˣڼóǬһӾͳһȺƥȻȥĹԱ˸кǸҶϰˣ˳ھͽˣ
ЩȥЩƥʱɵˣ֪һôЩģôǲ֪ܲмֱҵһͲҪ㹩ˡ
⼸ׯҵݼڣҺϢϢȻڴϣŬսŮˣѾϰŮһˣҰˬһѡ˵ҲС̫֮һԺһҪҸλҵȻƵ˫ĹѸ塣
˹ܺýҷ˼٣ҾʹΤ˹衱С飬˹ĵ֮ͦһ׵ģǾ͸ãԴǵ̫ؽǺϴ˵ҪһȾƣһ׺;һȾƣǶˣֻʣһҲBSһ¶ˣˣΪÿ˶ôBTĹңҶˣٺ٣ˣ
Ϊһ£ԼءȣѾòعﶼҺĹϵҲϾвپﶼǽ˽֮ΤȻǿļˣȪǾͲˬˣЩǿӲɵΪΤϵˡ
Ҳˣ֮ߣͷ֮ʢֱ޿ǣϰղ෹۵ıǹΪعһӢ۵
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μʿйݵڿǶˣԴУҺıԣĻ鷳ѵ治Ҫ˰
˵ܣϸ磬ǺãһܵΤ˵룬ΪϱĴţ˵öңˣصѹϣ
һߵȥҡҷţĴĽУҶûϸأһ˳߶û˻ᵣģΪû˻һ˳ȥ£鷳ˣûǳСӺú죬Լһȥ棬ҲϾһطҲƻСӡڸչ˴ɩ˵ɩУ׿Ǵ粽룬ֱһģɷأ
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һڸϵĵĽ棬ҵʤգѾ߽Уȷ




071 ˼

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ΪһɵӢ۾չһ֮ʱȴͻȻҲԤ벻ĳλΪӡһ̿ʼ˷˷츲صı仯ԺΧߵԽԽ࣬ͬʱҲʼһˣֱǿ˷ָһˣ֪ôһǾֱ֧顶ң齫б˵YYӶһôҾÿˬ뵽ʱƱղأлл




072 ֲ

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ָḧһ£ҵѹ˵֮ϣҼӿԼĴϢԼе㾫ɢƺѾסˣſھҧסӣ
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˴ĿǰһУͻȻԼԼǰϻæ·ȪʱҲָϻ˸ˡãղǳѹϣֻҪȪʱ˽ץסİѱͬʱԼֻҪѳǱȣƾԼĳ谮ôҲ˵ĻԻѳҲԽҪЮ裬ô
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ѾȫãˣеĵղһжƻУѾѳƭϣô£ôһˣôܡ
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Ҳֲ⣬Ȫʵھ޷⣬һ»ǵҵȥҿѵͨ󡭡
˵뿪紦Դתˡ
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ҿԴֵǵСƭңҪΪҺ۸
˺µĵ㡭롭ô
ҹһµŶôأɱ㣿Ҳû֪
ѾˣɱæҡͷҪҪɱҡҪ
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ҿʼԸŮֶһһʩչϣռ̴ڣĶ㣬ҧеĶϸ۵İ׾ͦ飬ָмѣ壬ʸʮ㣬Ұ֣ʶС
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ʵ˻ʱ䲢̵ʱúˬһ£ͬʱҲιñġ·ұʧ޹ڡ
ûã˻ָȻղŵǰǿµģǳǣĶԼ˵ǰδеĿУо˳δеУ˵ĸӸܣ·ղһãϲŵĸоȴʵ
󣬱ϳ޹ȥյͷ˳ڽ̵ͬʱׯҲڣȪҲ΢ԶţȪҲ˳Ȼ֣ҲΪȻ˵ղʱͿҴղһֱǣ˵벽Ҳû뿪ʵ̫˼ˡ
дžȵţκ˶λãһЦƴŵζЩ㳩졣˷΢죬ûע⵽ʵ˵ѾʼñȥˣѾǺܲ˼ˣʵ̫ˣǾĲ߻ŵļƻһôҲûУԼ˽ȥȻԼеҲܿղҲǷǳ㣬лǶԳһֲĸо˾ǵġ
ҿˬˣȪĹƣһһ˵壬ưͳԻп˵ҽö˷֮һСָǣׯһˣõ֤ǴռһѱˣͬʱҲһ棬ҳôǵ
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075 ٸҹ̸

ҽСǺׯ̸û´ĻҪ̸ıȻΤ׼ֹ֮£ȻҪȥòһ⽻ˣ֪ǬûһЩ⽻ٵ顭
˵⽻йкܶ⽻˲ţͲһһйʷУȴһλΰˣܶ˵ڽйУ𾴵ˣȣȴ⽻ϱֵʵΪƷУֵÿһйסλΰˣǡ30꣬һλйΰˣ
ׯУׯλԱߵϯׯ˳ֻ
ׯңº΢Ц̫Σʲôĵط˵̫ڽ֪ǺΪҪ̫Ȼ
ׯȻǸ۲ΰԵĴƽ׽˺͹ı˵Ըսʱټִ˶кøУϣαװıԣ
΢Цصлģ貢޴󰭣ǺΪҲ֪ׯ΢һֵ̫ʵҲףһ̫˼ʣҪĿ̫֮ǳˣί̫ˣȲ£мҪҪ̸̫
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ׯ̾˳ںΪʣ;ȴҲᵽ伲࣬ԹҪ飬Ϊϡ˲ԸսϧԸΥˣ˱㣬ҪΩˣ
ҵͷ˼ףʩһλֻǶԼıأҲѣ
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˵ׯǷһ˿Ц֮ͬԹҪ̫ǹ˵ȥȨ£԰
һһԭƣУڽսϾԹˣԲùܣΪҪ˵˵԰е㽻飡
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ֵȪϾ̫֮׵ܣҲδ̫ӹΪӶ˵ˣ
ҵͷģҲСˣխᣬɸ꣡ģ
ׯմãʱֵ彫ǷþҪԿū
ׯͷȷˣ̫к⣿
ҡͷģΪϣܽӣĿ꣬Գ趷׼ͬ彫һͬǰ
ׯºЦԭǴ°ȻԸ⸨Ŀ꣬ο̫׼ԵӦʣʱ˱£̫ܷģ
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һ帮Уס֮أͦű£мɽСأл԰ﻨ㣬Ȼ֮У̲סһֱסȥ
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ҳ̫֮ʱȻ壬λƵ˫ŮѾ԰ڣҵȻĶˣֶǡ˶ׯŵ޵ķ̬˿ֵ䣬Ǿȣ֮ϸϸƷζһ˵ĸоƺҲȻ˸һ
ŤʵĿ͸ȻȻȻ֮⣬ЦǰȻʾ˵һȭ̫ȭȭϺ֮Ϊ˸գõȵȣһʼȻҲ̫⣬ǵȭ֮Ȼ̾ѣû뵽ɾȻν
ҸǺ棬Ǻ
Ȼ΢ҡ׵ʵȻҲ̫ף˵翵ģֻȥ⣬ҵõ֮ʱնȥԶ볾ȥɾһط
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ȡžһ£ѡּСߣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ뵽ּߣԼĸоȻоˡ
Χ߽ϰ紵Ҷɳɳ죬еëȻĸоȥֻƮƬƬҶڷзһ㣬ƮȻ¹ڴ֮ϡ
Ҳ⣬ţʱƮҶȴͻȻ类һ㣬ͣڿУһ飬һ飬ܶҶ˼飬ȻŷβңȴȻǰţҸһСʱͻȻòһƺʲôסһ޷ЩβҵҶƺҵĿ꣬ȫϷŰڣͻȻ֪ҳȥಡһұʧԭأڰ




076 

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ҸоԼƾţҸӦΧΧȫʽչԺУҹ˾ܻҰֻʵ¹͸ƶ䣬΢΢˵أҺ󱻵һЩм䡣
ʱֻΧιҶ֮ҺôоôĿֲƬŮӿ»ŵýгɡһĵYYţʱȴƴӵڤеƺҪǡ
̾кǿľ񹥻ɿֲþеǾ澭ڵĹ𣬲ϧǣΪߣұҾо澭͵ħ󷨣ЩҶûκιԣֻҾô̶˵㡣ͻȻожֱϮңֱӴиӦжǳ֦ôҾеٻŮĻ꡷ˡ
Ӵתһ𣬰ȫסҶ𿪣ԼĶ˲ϣЩסҵǷǳϸߣЩǹ֦ꪰұʱֻӰģЩ֦˹ȥѾԾߴЩ֦·һ㣬ͻȻתǹͷֱβҶ
һ󽣾ָӶâ쵶նһ㣬һζεİЩּ֦ϣ䣬ͣʹƿ֮ԴԴǽ磬ڵһۼص棬һضЩ֦ĶʱЩȻصţ˷ɭĺ⡣ҽɢȥ̽Χ
ֻΧľżһЩӰʱʱİţС˿ҪŵʧˣΪĿЩӰûнŵģƮһ㣬ȴܸоЩˣŶҵ˼˵ЩӰûиоһ˿ӦǻһĴڡ
͵ҶƮţڴ˾£˶ȥ˰ɣҿͬڵɭֲĿֲƬһȴҡ
νɱЩҶˣƮʮģİӰΧһƣҴֱЩͻȻӰʧˣҶɵУֱҶ
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ҳһȺ㣬ܼγһΣң˫ֳſٱˣͬʱ˫ƺʲһƣǰӡ޴״һشЩܼҶϣҶ̱ɢˡ
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һ޷ղЩҶ֦Χʱϸ߹עԿƵİɣǺдأ
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ԴʵҲԣûоԵѣûоԵѣȻվߣ˵ͬ档
ݹֻǵֻҪȥˣ£Ҳ㣡
΢һ˼ҿûô򵥣ǵĿģҪû´ĻֻһǾǲݹعҪǻȴƽ΢ơعܣΪعҪ֣ôȻϣƾͺ˵ˣﵥ˶Ƿ֮
ֻҲףǵʲôֻܲµһ㣬ǾϣѽʬҾܲµһȻˣΪʲôҪأعܣعҲһ
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ʹϣҲع߶ôͽΪ߹ʵȥ֪㶼֪ˣ
ݹϵĵ
裬㲻Ҫֻ֪Ҫ֪վͬһɡǶǴڹĺڰ֮УϷĹ˵գݹƯͬӰһȥ١Ҳ뿪Ǿ仰⣬ĺڰ֮УϷ򡱡
ϷĹʵһ˵ǵͬһˣʵӵ˵ϵ뷨һ£ѵҲҪ
п𣿲ݣعҲ֤ҲֵˣҲıΪпΪҵİʹʹعƸãݹǶǵӦҲ£ֻ߹ʱֵϢս۵Ὣӳʱһȥ
ôֱԣҲѹֻѡڵعڵĲشڣҲΤĶԿΪǳҪģֻʹعڲøΪӣڰңͬʱҲΪһֵĶͷԺΤ˭˭ӮعؽԪģôعҲͻ˶ܵ޷֮ǰǿʢôսƽȫһøӻҰ룬ô߹ûһͳһˣʹ߹𣬳ΪʷһҳҲпˡ
ȵȣѵһͷпҸղƲ⣬ôǵȻн֮⣬Ҳѡȫͬһ·׷ͳһѡǻôݹ˵ĻҲһǴڱˣǶĳʷ֮УΪϷ򣬻˵ǶǶĹ򡭡ԣЩìܰɣȴҪֹȥסˣ̫ˡú۰ͷˣȻҲʺϸʲôģǻȥ˯ɡ
ʱҲҲƶʷչЩڱˣԺø𣿺˵Ϊֻ˵ĳ֣Ѿıԭʷˡ
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һصֻ̫׿ڣ;̸ţ˼ˣӭӣ׿ү
뾣кʵǲҪ㱨
׿үҵľӢѾү֮ǧﴫɵ
Цôгɼ̫ˣ
ʵܣǲǴ㣬һЩȥ
ҵͷˣȥеŶ
˷ܵ磬ҰɣʱһȥҲȥ
Цû⣬ǶߵĻûˣҲ̫İ
еʧҶ磬ȻڴɩڼɩɣСһȥˣ
Ϊѵ⡭
ļİɣûµġɩУɲ뿪ûϵĴ磬Ժʲôٲ㣬ֻǳʹѣЩʹ򽻵Ҳó˵ҲϲЩ˴򽻵ξ°ɣ
΢̾ǾɣСҰֵ㣬ȥһжҪķԸҪţôʰ㣡
ȻǶˡ
ΩڣæĵͷӦĴ磬СһĻģ
ҵʱ䲻ˣСȥ˯ɣ
ת׿ȥҪѡʮˣҴѡĶʮˣ𣿡
׿ͷףүǶŸүģ
ֵȻˣûбѡУǣҲб񣬾ǼΤͳΪ֮ˣԼڹҵˣסһжҪڰִУ
׿ǣү׿ȸˣ
˵׿뿪ӣȥҵĿСݣλ޲֪˯ûУԺʹȥжʱ䲻ڱˣ




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ڣҡ˹塢塢СơڶڣҶСǴҪˣ׼ôˣ
Сĵĵ̫ģаգ
˹ѧˣдǻۣѧϰùͨĿˣκ⣡
СƺǷǳͬĵͷֻҪڿʱƽʱУ̫⣡
̫ͬţֻҪƽӷӼɣվģ
Сгĵλ̫ģһ߾ͨĿˣ
޿ɺǣҲõʲôˣڲѧ֮ϣҪ̫̫ͽˣ͸ǰϰһ£ӡˣҼǵǰѧУʱ͹ˡ
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죿Ϊ죿
ǳѧʵһʽ֮ǱȽǰ˵㣬˵Ҳ̫ˡ
һҲ֪ôͺΪ족˼
СЦʦ˵Ļܶʱ򶼲̫ףǶѾϰˣ
СпȷÿǶϡͿģ
Цô˵ʦ𣿡
Сϵʦ˵Ļˡ
ָס죬ǵģϾִȻҲҲϰ˵Ͼ׻ļ򵥶ˡ
˶ôһ㣬̲סЦ΢еŵգϱɶˣʵСʵ۱Ķ䣬ǳôĶأʼô
ô㵣ģֻҺСȫģҽС壬úøڿǰϰһ£Լ뿪
˹һţֻ˹̫վҪϸ˵˰ɣ֪ǷеطҪõ˹
΢Цˣ˹ϣҲڵʱ䣬úߣҪΪһϸľҪѧϰܶණ
˹ͷ̫ģ˹ؽ߾ܣһѧ
˹ǺвŻ֮ˣҪһԸΪ̫֮ұƼ㣬ôһְٰԷ
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˹常Ӹղžһ뿪ˡʱֻʣҺСˣҶСƵȥʱҲҪ彫ūˣ׼𣿡
С͸¶żʦģСһṼʦ
ҴӻóһݵСǰСƾȵʦǡ
ҽǰɷ֮ʦģûʲôʱˣɷ֮ɲͨ书˶Ŀƣ֮ܽʦϣʵս޷̵ģȫҪԼȥ򣡡
СⱾɷ壬ѹеļ֣صĶҵʦģСһúѧϰ
û˵ʲô˼Ѿɳ׳ļȻһֵȻȥˣ֮ͿԼˣʦţпˣŶˣɷСһĶ
ؼ֮ǻʱλޡ˯žͷŴ¹⣬ݶĵʵôˣ˯𣿡
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һε̨ڶ֧õϰ߽ʵôˣʲôҪҪ˼һΣ
ЦǵˣȻ˫֮ҲҪʿɶֹ̫ƵķҲ̫ʱӦЩģӵȤ
ŶŽ˼ҳԲˣ̫ˡ
ԱߵҲ֧ӣõǰ¶ǰֻ𣿡
Ҳûʲô£ȥ󣬵൱һʱû취ˣ
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ҵʱϾ̣ҵʴʻǺǿʵʲôǰȨ
ҺȤΪһȴϵˣԣ
һӸˮεǾˣ˵ˣ
÷Ҹ΢ЦǣǿʱŮԵĵ䷶磬ʲôΨһľչ˺ԼķͬˣĿֻҸעҡʵ磬ܴܲǣǿһȥ
͢ϰǻ԰԰磬ȥˣ
˵Żҵֱۣ˫ĦţѪˡҳûݺݡ͢˰ѣҡͷˣԼȥˣǻб񣡡
ʱʵҪʲôأ
Ұѻ޼¼ĻóҪҲڵʱ
ҿʼⱾǷΪʲôôĸԭΪΪ˺֮ԵǵѾ˫޸ˣֻǲҲڵʱҪǺúû
ºܸȤĵ磬ǲѧһݵأܣŮµĻȻоһĿңҺЦݵصûʲô⣬Ǿͺ˵ˣϾҲܵģ
ܿ͢ĵĵۣԺҲܷݵأ̫ˣҪɵȥ׽С񣡡
Ϊ˷ɵ׽С񣿡
ʵ͢Ȼĵǰʲô磿뻹ǣͦͯɫʣûзɻյʱһֱܷɵ֮ϡдӹŴʼ׷һ룡
أ뿪ʱͺúԺأСȥʵʱؾʹλȥһɾ

ﰡĵط
ŮʵŮһڴŴʦǶûзûйĶǣ羰续ﻨ㣡ʱҴһȥǣԶ볾ȥңӣ
ŮйõɾܰΧڷĴϣ˿ûֻа֮Ǵ飡ģĶǵˣҲȷ˾ñȽֲ֮ᷳ
ڶ죬֮ϡĻ磬ֻε˼İˡΤˣȵĽվǰһˣΪҽܵλҴص֮һȽ
ԭȣֻǵ˵񣬸ߴ׳˶ҿҪ׳ˣĳĹٷϼУݵͽ۾ֻȧӹߣͦʵƣʹ˿ȥе㲻ʮ䣬ɫ侲ţ
Ϲ콫
ȼʱоһƾһ۾Ϳ˲ҵҲص̫ã
øøģǰΤǾˡ
ΤΪҽܣֻһеģʮ䣬Űѳ룬üŨ֣ͭ壬ԼӲʵӣȻϣ֮һ¹
ͬ¹
¹Ҳֻǵͷû˵ǴعɣΤɣȪ˵ˣôΪ¹ҵ̬ȱȽĮҲΪΪΤˡ
ΤΪҽ˼ˣͶűڣǾΪҪˣھͬȼһǲΤǰة࣬ΪԲ䱻Τá
һذףȴȻʧ绪Ȼɣ˸棬¹ǿһۣĿбӣ⣬űڲе㿴˵ĸоҼǵԭһͲǺöбӣ۹ʵʰ㣬䵽ǱϣֻĻһҪˣŻعֲԴ֡
ΤȻҲе̰ĿգصĺܺãĻϺ꣬϶ԺմȨ취Ū֣ڣ룡
ʱݵ
һ۵ׯ˳ŵȻСҲڡ̱վλãμ
ׯ͵ƽ
˹ׯ󣬲ڿɲҿңѾӡҵӰӣٺ٣Ȫе㲻̫ˬֻҪСֳɫҸұ֤С̫֮ܵλ
ֻ˹嶼ڣ΢΢¶һЩġСʮվСԣٲȻһҸС˸ɫС΢ͷ¶һOKЦݡ
ׯʱ뿼һ˳̫֮λҲˣԺͲΪ̫֮λ˺
ΤӢ
ƨͦһֵ
ׯŵȿգΪ֣
УΪõľСҲУúľׯʾ⿪ʼС̫룡
˵գὣȥʮ㣬ֱӼסСĽ
ľһֱȡС̣Сǳһڿ͵۹µľ䶯ֱ˫Ųһֱ䵽ϥǣϥ弸ƽУһͬʱͻȻһƸմ棬ž絯ӣԱ˹һֱȡ帹
巴Ӧ죬ὣ񵲣СƱ⣬һ뵽ʹù̫Ȼû̫İ壬жѧˣ΢ɣ˳תһľǡôһ϶ֱȡ塣
Լ޷ӳȻ϶ҽ̵书ˣͬʱжҵ书ˡϣ㣬ͬʱ󿪴ϣƳǰ赲С׷ӽ
Ⱥ¹侪ȣû뵽֮ߣȻ嶼ñâиǶ书⡣ΤǺܿģȴаЦСӻΪСӣΣҿóСʵˣС书ڿɱߣ
СйأӰ˸оʣׯüЦԼĶӾȻôܲأ
սƾУׯʱˣְͣɣ
֣ߣ߳Ƕ֣
Сʱæ̫ˣ̫˺ɱϣ̫֣
ׯЦǶֵ÷ǳáĽΪտҲλ̫Ĺͣ
ҵ߳ǳֻ̫Ǹ̫ѣ
ΤЦٿˣڸĿˣ
ڳ˶СĽΪȣû뵽С֮꣬Ȼ֮ʵѵãȪ಻ò֮£Сʵڱȳܶࡣ
ׯһµ̸̸Ҵصĸſ
С渵Ҵرֱ¹ˣ춨˴ػعһԾΪǿТ䷨ʹعΪǿĹңΪһ
Ҵε⽻أ
ׯʵڿʷ⣬ⶼѲС
С΢ЦΪηҴأԲصĺ֮ߣҴǵ֮ߣԶͬʱʹ÷Ʒϣ
ׯЦʷǺϤôƽ֮սʲôԹΪλأ
ƽ֮սԹ˧ս̸ֻֽʵս飬԰Ҵذ£ԹܴӴһ겻񣡡
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Ǻǣô㿴ҴؽӦμչأ
ׯС⡣
ǿҴؾܲܳǿʢĹؼͬʱȱڣԼǿֿūͬʱʵͳһ⣬ͳһǮңͳһԣʹؽͨ裬²⡣ʵ뼯Ȩƣй
С˵ͷͷǵЩͳһǰ˵ģΪʼʣҲ͸˼룬ƣ˹ĸķƳԺư˹ơ
Сһ޲ݣΤҲ벻СмʶҲǾ֣ȻϣԼĶܳΪ̫ӣҲ֪һ㶼Ȳһ裬ǸȺְӡ
Ȫʵ޿κΣʵ˵ⷬһõҴʱվԼǣȻ۲ΰԣ۹ⳤԶҴ̫ӣȴҴ֮ͳһ߱Ȼǿأ
ׯҲǸ˵䣬Ҽ⾪ˣȴ̫ӵѡȪ˵ʲôׯȴѾȴ̫ѡͶ̫ӣԺͱΪ̫֮λִˣ
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ӴΤǿĶҵŶӦý̫нգ̫û
Цүˣ
Τ˵һЩֿȥû뵽Ⱥ¹һߣ΢һ룬Ҳǵˡ
ȵ̫ȻǸ֣̫Ľȷ˾ȣ
ǫ콫ˣ
¹ʱ̫¼ҵҲţ
΢Ц֮£ҳݣ
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ҰˣȺ¹̽ңǷΪΤˣҪû
ȻƽֻһĿ꣬²ͳһ£ղս尾
¹о̫־ȴǳ̫ǷḨͳһأ
Һ֣µĵȻȻΪЧ
΢ͷ̫ƷҵҲţУȴѵã
ЦνԵ·
¹޵һԵ·ˣ
ǶҷһķΪҸղŵĻȻֻΪңͬʱҲӲʾҲΤһɵġ
ݱȺ¹ҳʱȴҵ¶һ˿΢ɲЦݣеǿģû뵽ң첽ߵԵ̫к£
岻ÿɷڴ˴̫Ϊڵȳ̫𣿡
򡭡
ҵһӲ֪ô˵ˣ嵭ʵղ¹콫̸̫ʲô
ҹԵŶ̫ΪһҪڸ˽ŶôΥŶ
ҵʴʻ㵹ҲеˣҵĻֻȻȻĵȻˣҲ֪̫ĸ˽ȸˣ

һʵڸ㲻嵽׺«ʲôҩ彿뿪ȴ¶һζЦݣ޷ĥ˿϶ǳҲôƤһ档ͷʮֲ⣬ΣֻҲȥˡ
죬֮ϣׯʼ⽱ͣһǳ֮سǳ֮ˣνֲӮΪ̫ӡ
ׯλ̵̫йǰ⣡
ׯǶСƵѧϰͬʱ滤ְء˷Ϊǰڣ
Сߵлл
ׯֵų̫˵ϣȥū
Сƹȷˣ
ׯͷǹ˾ͷΪ
Сٴߵлл䣡
Ȼׯ˹̫˵ѧʶԨͬʱ̵̫ͬѧϰйӦͣڹ˾ͷΪ͢ξ
˹ߵлл䣡
Ҷ˹΢һͷ˹мĿһۡ
ͬʱʹ壬ֵˣׯմõ֪̫Ҫʹͣнգ̫Ǿӹΰ
Τе΢Ϊ÷̫Ϊ񽫾ĸԳ̫֮Բ⣡
Ȫ˴˴εȷ֪飬ׯҲͬô룬¹ȶһۣűںͲҲԹۣҲкġ
ǾׯΤĻ˵ͷʱȴ費Ҫʹͣ
˶ˣССƵ΢һºˣĿһ˲˲ңʣׯе㲻⣬һһΧˣ΢Ц̵̫ҷ֮£ʳ֮»֮ǣֻǾְԼģԳòʹͣջس
˾죬ׯ٣ǳ̫ȴйٲҲ㣬ֻҪʱ룬ԣ˱λӸ߹٣
ллҰףֻܾ̫ӣΪҴسԳҲֻṇ̀ȥ
˵ķǳϿңҶڸ߹ٺ»Ҳ˿ģȺ¹ԵͷׯʹҲò̫ĸڣ
ΤŭϾòᣬֻҪҽ˾ӣӢ۵úܶʿңôҲͨҶУһعӡ
ôҵǰΤһȴ¹֪ҵ£ϵ




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СǶڣɵĵصƿʺ簡̫֮λҲѾöˣҿһǣ
岻׵ʵ̫ΪβҪʹͣԳ̫ĹǴ´࣬Ҵпó̫ƹܽԱǰȫ
ҿţ̫Ҳ֪ʲôˣҪЩ٣ǻҰԸһɣ磬Ұ׵ʺңҴӦ̫ӣҪҲŻ̫ԺʲôҾˣҹ˶þҪȥˣԸҸ߹Ҳûʲô˼
ĬղǾ䡰صƿʺ硱ʱҵĻ̫ȷ̾
Ұֵ̫̫ˣҲֻ̫裬Щ֮£ҪҲ̫
ССƵСƣʲôʱ
СƵٹʮվͻˣ
ȷˣڱ߹βǺܺãҲǰȥ
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СѧҲΪϲ̫ģ᳣ģ
Сҵ̫ģúչԼģ
ССƵĸǳҲǲϵʦͽҸǵĴ硣
˺ˣôأֲ׳ʿһȥⲻʦһҪֺʦǺúأ
æǵģôŸ
Сոижȴôһ㣬Ūȫû飬ЦõʦŸոежȴƻľǰ״֪ʦˡ
ۣʲô֪֪ǶҪõ죬ʦһкܶûܹأҪȥҪú˯һ⼸ҷŴ٣ûµCALLңֻػİ
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ССһܲˣֱӷ˰ۣҲ̿һң˹ȽãȻҿЦɽڻůأ΢΢ˣҲԼʧ̬ˣ˫΢˺ơ
վչһֱ۵ˣҸ÷Ŵȥඣû±CALLңCALLҰ
Сһ̯֪ˣ̫ߣ
Сһ̯˫֡
˹֪˵ʲôֻá֡뿪΢һᣬȻҺȥˡССƲ֪ѧ˴ڣҺȥ㴵˼£ֱ塢˹ã
ҺֻҲ֪óһƯİ͸ƿӣװϺɫҺ塣ڵҿ찡С̫֮λǵһˡ
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ͣ΢Ц̫ãѾƣҲ̫ƣܺúȣ㳢
忴͸ƿҲǳȤʵǺƯ
ҿ˿ľƿŶǲģ
׷ʵΪ
Ŷлͨ
лΪ
Ŀһ˲˲ĿңҺǣ̫ȳҸ㵹һˣ
˵ŴӻóһҹⱭѾƵҹⱭУҹⱭ
ŨĹ㣬׷ҡΪлǳһڣֻɿڣʵô̫ζɣ
ʵʲôƣΪ˺úȣ
ţߺѾƣڵѾưİζܲɣ
ȷͬѰ
ٳһںʵ̫ΪβҪʹأ
ҲĵûʲôֻǾ̫ˣ޹һᣬʲô͸ʲôǺ̫ܺ
̫̾˼򵥾ͷѵһĻᣬ˵֮ǰų̫ǼʶˣΪʲôֳ̫˵Ӣأ
εʵûô
Ȼյߴʵ̫٣ҪææǣĲа
û뵽һ῿˵һֻöģϽסƬƣ΢ĵ̫ʧ񣡡
û뵽ĽɱôҾùͷˣȻֻ΢΢ѾǹǳǿˣŮׯҪǷǣǿNO1ԵĲͬһŮӡ
вYYţҲǷԼȻԼδһ¶˵̬ʹȷʱҲྴδǰ˺٬Լȴ̲סøУʱɣʱȤĬĵ书ǿĲɳ׿ǵ
ͬʱҲһԼеʧ񣬺±ҿԼ˼̫ˣлظˣ
һŶŶԣ̫룡
ƣеҡεĴҡ߳ҵıӰҲ¶һ˿΢ЦоǺܿɰ
ڴϣ˳˵ֱ̯ϵСʳоζʳãƬʲôĳԶеˣζҲã
ŴСʳҵ̫ȥʱɷһݵСڽֱ֣ԱȻ˸ǮôҲֻ࣬С۵λģ͵Ǯﲡˡ
ʱǮ˲࣬п˲ˬЩʵʧ˹ȥΪʶ˶ˣȻȻעߵǺԱߣʵˣûǮ𣿡
СʶңֻϹˣȾһΪţ
Ͻ΢Цģһģߣȥң
СʮֿģվϻᣬƵȥʱȴֹˣһЦԼĽ׸ɾΪᣬСֵ̿ĵˣҰ·ŪˣҡҰϴɾҡ
ҰֵûϵԼϴȥңȥĲ
Сĵĵߣ
С߿ΧȻ۷׷ףǳ޳̫Σҵһˣ
ұСһƾɵķݣС˵ĵоˣ˵Ҫ㣡
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һĶͷԲ㿴ң治ã
˵óһǮЩǮȥԵģҩԼȥŪɣҲҩ
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Сͷˣ
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079 ߹

μʿйݴͷ֪йڣĵĺžƣֻֿԴǳ˺󣬺ǵ˶ֻ֪ˣǰǿˣ˼ҿһۣЩһ쵽̸֪Ǹ衭
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ѽҰõǰؽƵģо˵ıսӰ죬˵ؽ޷棬ɲֱӵĽУԽЧģǸ
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žʼЩйеĽִɼֵƽոһ죬ȻҲһЩ书ǳңС游սɳȫ޵ӣָޱȣȴѾͽˡ
֪书ǿ˵֮ʱͻȻмֱȡţ¶һ˿мһҵ书Ƿģʼù֡
Ϊ͵Ϯ֣ͻȻ׹һֻΪĽϣʹĽ޷ǰֺд󺧣ղҺ޷Ϊ˿ٱܳзסĹûκͺǰںƣ͵Լһ㡣
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Сֵһ飡
ׯΪ۰С˵˵飡
Сһ۵Ϊ̫ΪֱͷΪ̫Ϊͳ죬ͬʱ˳أг̫֮ǣؿ˰ģ
ׯһ޵ȴˣ̫ȴҪʹͣȻ˴ξ֮⣡
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ͬ΢Ϊ̫ǣ̫ĵֱ书߾ǹˣȷѡ
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ȵȻ΢Űͳ켴ɣ
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ⷽδţ֮
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۽Ȫ΢΢һƣȪɫࡣɼֵܶһֻۣһǹˣΪʩҩˣҵΪƷǳܰΪʦҲǾý
˵Ǽߣ˵ֻҪ۸ߺһӦǣҶ˸мɫֻǵȻһۣȴоһ˿غܺõĿĵЦݣ




080 

ΤʱҹһҲµΤ϶Ҫ˵ˣһеЦݣҾͲ̫ܵˣ̫αˣ֪Ϊ˻ãҿǿԭģ˵Ƿǳ˽⣬һαƵӣ̲סȱ¡
ΤЦû뵽̫ҽҲ֮ߣ˾̾ǣʿȻ࣬ȴûһܼϳ̫
ҵүʵ̫佱ˣ
ҲʱǫһˣΤȵҵļ̫عǫܿ챾ҪԴʱ̫ʹˣ
ҵȻһЦүˣȻҴ֮£ȻӦ߾ȫүģزУʵүأҪԴ
գҪһᣬϣʱ̫μӣΪ̫ʹУһźýĿ̫һҪ
ΤͰЦ
аСĻôģҰ׳հСģϸллүȻ׼ʱϯĿԴүĺýĿ
ЦˣΤҲЦˣЦ뿴ΤˣʲôҶֻǿˣϷΤЦǾֻԼ֪ˡ
Τгҵҵ̫߽ȥ󣬷ӦԪշݺܶڣû뵽ǻһҴкôˣ
ЦЩѵÿУ˵СҪʹ˸ʱ㣬˭֪ôû
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ӦԪϻοС죬ΪعǵӦ֣Ҳ֪ôϹϵġǿǴϿعսװˣ
ݵͷع󲿷죬СƵЩı˵Щʿõ÷ǳģ
ǵȻˣҿǲο˸ʱıƣйҵľͷڣʲôõĵģ
ܴʱȴС죬ҪעΤˣҰļ󣬶ҳϸѯй֮˵ϣϸΪȷѰǨź
ӦԪ͹ҲɫأֻݵΤڰǣҺھûʲôʵ䣬С֮ߣҷԴ°빦
ȻͺãǾͼ⣬ΤȷǸҰĺܴˣа취Ըˣ
ŵշĺˣⷽдү͹үڣʹΤҲǵ֣
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ܴʱС죬Τϸϴﵫϸûʽˣ
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ŶģΤ£ңżҲᵽһЩνȽι˼룬ҲŻ֪
ҺصܵҲûϸ룬ʵҲΪҲǷˣ֪Щʲôʲô˼ļ⣬ҲΪˣϰ߳Ȼˣ
ܸпһµС죬ϸձ뿪عĴţ
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ʵܵͷǰ´ͳϵСļˣ
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ģϸչԼģƾϸĵλ㶯ң
ܶҵĹģǺܿĵġ
⼸죬˽٣ϾôģҵԽԽԶˣҲ˵֪ʱ̽ӿǶţëҡҽ񡱿ԽԽ񰡣
ҪȥΤฮˣҴ;׿ΪҽβңһƺƵฮΤǮฮȻǴ󰡣̻Ի͵ģ˿ѷɫԭΤٸ󻹽˸ٸǲ֪˶ˮ
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ΤΪȻϯΤֱߵһϯʾҵĿأҶϯȥˡűڡ֪ΪʲôҲǺöЩĻļһ
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ڵһ㺦¶ûˣʵڲʲôԵģôе
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ڱµܣ
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½һĿңΪʲô㵽֪Щʲô
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ֻңƺҪҿһ㣬۽ȴ֪ˮޱ߶ɽ޲ɱֽǰرƺ˵УѰûеĹů
ĵһΪҳ߶ɽɱ
ûκθ飬ºһ˵²ŵĵΪʲô㡭Ϊʲô֪ô࡭ΪʲôҪôá
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гԵǰ§ӣеĽ׿ı䴦δйůƺůڻһ㡣
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СʵҲ֣⵽ôһ£
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ҸһĵЦݵİɣû£ʱϻж˵أ
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ҵͷ޵̫˵Ĳʵ˵Щ̿ͻǸУͦģǸʲôʱҶ̫Ǻǣ
ҵ֪æʱ
һ۵Τ֪̫ܲԣΤ˻赶ɱˣֻﵥΪͻȻҪɱ̫ܲ⣡
ŶȣŰ⣬Ҳǲ²ԵĻشﵥ˷ǳ򵥣ʵڸЩ˶ҵжˣļ²ľսģɱңҲǺﵥ˵ǸۣͦԶģ֪ң϶ǲ
ʵһ뵽һ㣬ǾǺпҪִһǱκĲĶǷһʹʹʧ֣Ҳ˺ǺܻǣʵҲǱ°һϧȴòһҵԿ̬Ϳó
С̫ǷͿҪظˣ
һµɣʱҲʱˣΤҪ˰ɣ
СתС̫ǷպҪ뿪ˣ
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Ұο̫ӷģȻǼڣǻСƽʱ̫ߣڹкͳ֮£̫Ӵ˹
СидȴǼʶ⾪ˣ˳̫⣬û˱ȵⷽĲܣ
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仰ҾͷˣСƣͺú̫ӰɣǿҪܳһʱ䲻ܼˣ
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ˣȸˣҲȥ׼һˣ̫Ӿ͵һɣ
·
С̫ǰȥһ·ģ
Цİɣĸ۵͵Ϯң׼Բ궵ߣ
΢һ㣬ҵ˼ǲʴоȤʮ֣Ц
һߣ۽ǿһ۵̫ʱȥ
Ź죬彫Сǳ󣬾Ӧҳˣ
ҵ
ǡ̫СˣȥأҪȻӵģ
˵ĻеĪ΢һϸ룬ȻΪڣʵ˵ԼһرһĵЦݵҵȻ̫ģܶҳˣ»ûأ
¶Цݣûж࿴ңҲ⣬ΤΥĵĴкү
ΤҺ˫ԣмһţע⵽ֻΤĵֱ̫̣ȻǱڣҿ̫û£
ҵһЦүˣκҪɱҳ裬ҶһصĴ۵ģүҲ𣬱ϾҪ˴ĳҳô̿ǺѵģοЩ̿αװ
аЦΤţװǻƣҲŲ᲻ڽͳңֻҪҵʱЩ̿;ܲˣô˺Ҫ׷ء
ҵʵܴΤôװֵģûʹﵥѾһˣ֪ҳȥ󣬻ж˻ˮأ
ΤҵĻƤЦⲻЦĵ̫书ǿкܴɱ̫Ҵг̫˵ȸڣֺγ²أˣͲų̫иˣ
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΢ҡ׵ʲô̫Ǻ˼ʱŸĻǳ
ҰֵҲûʲôֻأҶЩƫĶ֪ý϶ѣʵҲûʲô
ұǶǧ֪ʶĻͼʶ˵ĻȻǴĲͬʱˣҲǽ˹˵ĺܶණ˳˹ȻнԼ𣬱߻Լȥ
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׵ΪҲ֪׿ѾˣǸŮ£˼ҿ֮һˣǲǶ˼
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ҼƱȴϵŮˣҲȤǲǲˣҪͻȻҪɱ㣬ôĶ֪
ε˺ˣʵҲûôء
˵ұ㽫µ´ϸǸ߶ɽȴͬһţΪٹأ֪Ҳֻʦᵽѣ
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ȻΪҪɱ߶ɽϾô˵Ҳʦ֣һ۵ҪΪҲ֪ڴʲô⣬ҿڴµ⣡
㻹ûشأ
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СһװСƣͦд֮磬ׯСԼΤȻˣССƵǻʧˣ
С΢΢һЦģһúûʱһ̫һ֮
ׯҴر߾ȫλˣ
Сģ
ĿСǳׯЦ̫ĽŵװĦȴЧڹˣ
ֻҪÿ֣֮Ժ㣬˲Ȭ
һص
ÿΪ˰ĦǸúӣТģ
ׯСӺοΤײЦ⣬ͬʱҲһοı飬׵ҲˣΤһֱΪСԼĶӣ֡
ˣӦˣ
С΢ЦׯеСļ磬ҵЦТΪǺǣ
ׯҵ̫ǷҲҪˣʲôҪ;ܸ߹˼ɣ
ΤˬһЦģ̫ʹһ£Ѿʮİţ
ׯͷةలţҲɷģ
ׯСһΤں棬ΤͰЦ̫˴γʹѾΪ̫ź֣
ǾͶлүˣ費ԼȥˣаΤ˵˰Ұź֣Ǳȥ˶£Ǵ㲻ҴԼ
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˴γʹһ㣬ȻΤԣǽ۵ģΤ֮ˣһҲˣһ֮ѡиˣǾФ̶
γߴžҲųҪΤܣԼӸôˣҲ£ǲûֹǣͬʱҲҶһǣȻӦСӵһ˷ܣ
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ŮׯȻΪͱڵӣʹׯΤҲϲվŮм䣬˭ע⵽СҲҵĻᣬžһ£Ͼƽʱٻ
ҴŴԼһǧྫԼ׿ѵѡĶʮһͬФ̶һФ̶ұԹ治֪Ϊʲôү׸֮ͼүΪүʱЩ˻֪أүλةǾͽֺáүνЩˣ
Ф̶ļв֮ƣ
Ф̶ҲǾ֮ˣһҵĻ͸оȻ֪ѾоˣһЦй¶Фģڱر£
Ф̶Ǵˣ֪ܻʲôõ·ҺΣȻ˵û£ҲͲ̫ģЦг̫ڣФĳʲôɵģФĳʵʵ˵ͼүѾ̫үãүƺԳ̫Ҳе㲻
ЦлФѣɣФ⻰͸¶ң֤Ф£Ȼ˾ФһΣǳؾͻ֪ҵ˼ˣ
Ф̶Ҳеεʵڳʹѡϣܴ֣ҺͼүʹȻϣԼ˳ʹүȨ֮Ϊǳ̫ʹոԲŲǵ
һֵúܲɡ
ûм˵ȥФ̶ҲɫһҲףΤվƫ̻ԼˣФ̶ͼҲеĻ䰡
˳ʹҲȤ°ɣҲ˰ɣ˭֪أô˶һӵģⳡ;֮ϣӦò˰ɣ




082 ӿ

ۺ飬ȳؾ;Ҫʼ·ల£ȻҶǿˬ·ϵҲûʲôִФ̶ԼһˣԼˣֱʵҲңЩ˶˵ҵ£Ҷ
оˣ۾黹ʲôҪǿܶ࣬۳Τ⣬ûʲô
ԭڵ·ִ̣ﺫҪˮġʣˮҲɽ羰ˣǵִˮԸľɺӣЩС£ҾֱӽȥˣֿϵˣҲø˵ʲôֻҪҾˣ
УȺĲ裬о治ǣʼįɼֵܵΧεȥˣоڣҲʲô
ͻȻһӰҵһǰһˣ׿һɫĽҹзǿ¶ɣȻҵеƷԼݵ׿ĿбӣүµѾ̽ǰԼǰ
΢һüʵ֪ʲô𣿡
׿شʱ֪ʲôˣѾ˷ֱӦúܿܲ̽
һ˲裬±ӣվת͸񿪿Ƕգ΢˻ϢʱǧﴫһЩ˰ӪظҪһˣ
׿үǵľõĲˣʹϢҲûʲô⣡Ҫүͣ
һֵлңǲŬҰǣҲнĳɾͣˣȳȥɣ
ǣ
׿׿תҪߣͻȻȵȣ
׿عʵүʲôԸ
΢һµɸ˶Ǽ춯̻ر
ǣףȸˣ
׿ҵͷֻ׿ӰһһƵʧУҵͦοģùȻŬṦѾﵽҵҪˣγʹòһǵʵս
Ф̶۽ҵУФ̶֮ɫҲǲмɫа̾ⲻҸùܵ¡۳õҲ׳ֻ̫ľԼʱȫɣ
ҵͷ֪ˣǾ鷳ˣƣ
ü̫ΪǵȹߣһɺҪʱ䣬ľĺܴӦʿϢһ£
Ф̶̫̣֮Ͼں֮ڣ̫ҲǹĴҵİΣ
ɫǺܺÿ·̫ˣ̫̫αżβϢһٳ
Ф̶һ۵Ը·;ϣһоֻ̫谴¼ɣ
ɫ΢䣬Ф̶Ҳ̫ӣϵ֮Ĺϵֵõȷе㽩һֵȻǾ˼ˣһҲνȥŰɣ
۵ͷĩȥźã
˵תʡФ̶мĿһۣתҵ⡭̫
ҰֹФ̶Фһ۵Ľǰɣ
Ф̶ͷóһ裬ںܰ԰ɣأȴǱǰƽ
Ф̶⣬ͷ˼һµ̫˼Ҫǲ
һݵФ̶ǰ˳ֽӹǳ㣬ҽŵѾƽˣҵĹƣһӦ͵Ϻпܻǽ͵Ϯ
Ф̶оһ뵽۹ʱ䣬е㲻ŵѵ˵ۡүҪ
΢̾˿һүģһʣΪԼ棬үҪԸҲ
ʵҶФ̶ҲǱȽаգŻ˵ⷬģФ̶ɫأһ̫̾Ĳ²ⲻˣ
΢΢ФΪʲôô˵Ҳ´Ҳпܣ
Ф̶΢΢̾ҶΤȻ㲻Ϻ˽⣬Ƕֶ֪ķǳ̫£ѾΤɱˣǴζĴɱΤûжܣºҲֻװӣܹȥѣ
εΪҵ£Фˣ
Ф̶ҡͷΤ̣Լ˵þ˵һУȻͼү˵Ҳе
ʵͼ˵ʲô
Ф̶ҵ̫ͼү˵ˣҪ棬ͱǿߣȻΤǿԴӳ˳̫󣬼ʹΤҪڳ̫֮£Τ˴ȨЩϹȴã˵Τ˸ã
޵ͼһѪФ̶γʹΤʹҪ̫Щ˴ƷֻҪܴﵽĿģʹǣ̫壬Ǿ£
һΪصģΤҲС󣡰
ҡͷ̾ϢʵФ̶ô㿴Τ˵⣬һͼΤԲǣǱͶߣΪΨһκԸľֻң
ˣǿ֪ˣ
ҵФ̶ͷǾͰг̫ͻȻһФ̶Фǲڴ˲²ˣҴȥϷ
˵գδФ̶ӦѾһץסһƵ뿪УȥϢУвŰţҴФ̶ʺͬʱùФ̶
ֻ۵ռƻ£
һФ̶ô죿
۲мʲôãү˵ˣֻҪ·ϳ裬Ф̶ֺη֮ռƻУ̿͵ˣֻҪ
Ф̶ŭҿ˫۶ҪˣһָǰʾФ̶侲˵ͷ
ղУҵĹôо˵ʲôҿǴ˵ˣ̸֮λȥʲô¥Ů֮ķ֮£ȥҲûʲô˼Ф̶ϢĻ
Ф̶ŭһļФ־ͱˣ
֪Ф̶϶ȫһˡФ̶һÿҪˣ÷űƣǷǳ۰
ͻȻ뵽ԭФ̶ΪԲŻթʵФѾ𣿡
Ф̶̫̾
Ҵϵü˰ɣФ֣
Ф̶΢΢һЦ֣һɣõıƻҪʾ֭ȥƱˣ˵ʵĺˣ
Ф̶ѾΪΤ£Ҫȥңˣ΢һȻˣФ־۵ǰթΤʱФ־ˣ
Ф̶һ£ɫмĵ֣л㣡ҲΪ£ǡ
΢Цν˸־ϣҪФæ
ȻҵФ̶°æһǷˣÿ˶Լ׷ڹĶкˣѾˣΪλҪأ
Ф̶ЦһЩǸöãԺҴȥңĹӣȻֻҪҪһһ֮
ļФ֣Ȼ׼ɣҪ۵˲ѣ
Ф̶Ц˵ҿǺģ
⣬ϿкϷˣ
ڶ۵ճҽɼֵܽнУʵ磬ʲô£
ұ㽫¸ǣͬʱҲ뿴ķӦ
䵹ȵû뵽ΤȻû֮
ôɱʦǡ
ҡͷǷģҪɱң̸ףֻǵģ£
ʦģȻѧղǾ̰֮һʦһ𣡡
ߵȥһҪߵΤǺˣ
Ȼǳ֮ģֻϧǱϾû󣬰鿴̫ˡ
ֹǲܸǵǻȥװû·
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Ŀˣһۣ̾˿ǻʦĻ
СͦģҲԼΪѣͬʱҲýɼֵܵСߣΤҰ̫󣬳һҪ췴
˵磬ǽǲǡ
ҵͷãǵҪĿҡ۵ˣȱɱǣϷˣҲһ£һǺܳԾ
ƤһЦϿˣЩ͸ˣ
ЦϾȶǺˣ
ҪСĵ㣬ۺܿҩԸôͲҶ˵˰ɣ
ѵʦģа취Ӧ
ЦЦ
ҹ˾ӪڣֻһЩʿѲߡԼϢߴ׿үѾˣҪ̽ס𣿡
¶һ˿Цݴˣǽ
һЩ˿ٵУΪ˲һ֤ݣҪԼФ̶ȫɱˡ֪һҪϮǣҲµĲӦ̫ӵģΪıߵıȻǸˣ
ΤӦҲ֪ҲҪ͵ϮңΪһˣǾȪпͨϮңΤļƻƵýΪɱǣͬʱ޻Ȫԭˣ·ϻˣֻҵ£ѻỳɵΤͷϣֻлФ̶ΤĵҽΤȻǰˣ
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ֻһƣԱߵˣó˴ɱõذףʮַڵ¹£ĺ⣬Ҫ˶һ㡣
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۾һ亹Уɼֵ˯ţ򱻸ڹҵĽʿסҹ⿴ɼֵһۣͬʱǣСӾ̫ˣôڻ˯
΢ģΪҩ²δ¶Ȼֻ˽Ф̶̧˳Ф̶ɫ԰ףѪ˿ڣһӵӣǰФ̧У
ʺ󣬾磬˶ץסˣ׿ǸɵƯû˷֣
Һ⣬ȻФ̶Ф֣ˣ
Ф̶̧΢ЦҪˣ
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Ф̶̾˿û˵ʲôļͬʱԾСӽйǱװˣϷѾˣ
ЦСãȥǣ
ˣҲû̫ˣΤΤ⵹ҳǾܵģ
ΤңǿұǾ׵书ԳΪ·ϵ谭ڲŲòҪɱ죡




083 

Ұ׿ɼȰлФ̶뿪ȻԼٵʬΪΣ漣ı֮Ф̶֮۸ղҲˣФ̶Ǳӡۼ̧ʬ壬ͬʱ˻𻯡
Ҷʧְ
һҲɫãɫѿΪɱңû뵽˲ӣǣֱ£ұĵʱǵְɾݴ
̳㲻ôү
óׯҵıֱӵ˭;ңҳ£ѵôûˣҡسع
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ȥѾУһصУۺɫѿڵû˸ҷҵĻ
ҶЩ˭ģ
ЩһӣѾ׼ҪЩ˵ĻԱ
Щ˾Ȼȫɱˣǰ鿴һ£̫ȫԾˣ
̾û뵽Ȼ޷֪˭ģͰǵʬ崦ɣ
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۰Ժ˿û¶ʵҲûôֱΤîϣʱһͬʱҲҪ֤Ф̶ȻиԭһҪذٺ٣Ȼ˻رΤ϶ôʱȪҲҪΤȪСԺܶలһģ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣڶǱɺӣ˳ʹȹκôҲøѴкˣȻˣ˵κԽԽˣռϷ硣
ǶɹӺ˸ֵڶˣ׿ȥ̽·׿һţл׿ҵүǰɽ·ϣɽ·խ߱Ƚү㿴ǡ
΢ҡͷشˣҪֱӴȥǺúһô߹ǵͬʱҲһ붯ǵˡãҿǵʵսǿԺúýзɵʵսϰ
׿ģүһã
΢΢һЦļ򣬼е·ΪʧְҸְɾ棬Ϊҵʵû˸Ҳҵĵǲ
нɽ·ϣ߽ϸߣǿ֪϶˻Ϯģֻ֮ǰƻɱǺ󣬱Ȼسعû뵽⡣ۺµĶҵ̫ܿܵǲǡ
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۵ڿǵսľΩֱ͵Ϯֻڵң·ֱӸ·ϢһɽͻȻХ𣬶Һܶ޴Ĺʯм䣬վϰٹ֣Ҽǡ
ýһԾУΪ޴ĵɨܣЩʯȫ飬׿˴ʱѾϵߵĸ֮ϣɵʩչû˷Ӧ־͵һƬ˭Щվһţ׿ֱעɵô๭֡
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Ĺֱ׿ɱ仨ˮѾ̽˵λã֪ǿѾܣԺԥŵأװ˵һ㣬߸ɽصİطȥ
ϣȻֻǵϣڳˣҪһѵվɽԣ۹ɽֱʹǿĽֻҵֻһ޴İâжһ㣬ûɽУֱ˹ȥƬƬɽʯֱ
һ󾪻ţʱǺް취˭뵽£ԷʨӺķԺ˸ϮǣǾҳԣԸ¾õ֤ҹȥ
񳤿գƺҪ˵Ķ䶼һ㣬ЩʿǴߺ̫Ӣ޵У

ҸЦ
μ䣬˽㣬ӿ£ΧʿΧԣ¾ٶԼĸ꣬иߺҵ֡ĨһѺаûˣҲʶΪʲôô˺£Ϊʵ̫ǿˣ˼¶õһ㣬Ǿ˳ʹ·ϣ۾Բٸˡ
ҷûܵˣΪЩʯûһ룬ͱҵĵȫˣ󲿷ֹҲǬŲƽˡЩڰĵһӭͷʹ
ͨǱӪҵУҪﶼڣԷıмЩܹŹ֣ȥӦ˵ģ
ֻҵܿɵģΪɱңعȻŹԹǾͿԽ඼Χ
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ȪǷǳпܵģӦòǺˣ
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ҡͷ˵㣬ûʲôҷӵģ
ЦˣСӣȵ˳æģʱһսңҾͶˣʧ
һǿˣһصģ磡СϣأʸͶԣ

ЦҡͷסˣҲãȥЩսҵˣʡҳҲã
ȪȷϣйẫˣֻǱ̫ӵһϮǣһôңԺǲҶˣǴΤǲݵģΪϮϢ϶ôȰȪǶҲ
ϸˣЩϮԼϮҵˣǵĶΨһĿܾΤҳʹͬʱϢȥȪҲϣ˶֪ɱҶ죬ֻҶû˵֪ɱң˵
λĶΤļҽûɣɼֵҲɱվͬһ϶ԿȪֵĻľͶͼȵȼҽϵˣô˾׳ô˵ΤȻݰҲѹ˽ΤֶεФ̶թ뿪ȫȫΪΤ£ȴ³ͽôܲأ
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Ϊǰվסڷ̸һʿĽ£ĻͼҲȻĶˡƤķǳãȻˮۣӦõִȥƷĴˣ
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ҴֵĵϣͲøҿˣô˵Ҳһô֣
ЦǲִӢ۶ôˬء˵ʵжū֣ĶѵΨӣ
ұܿĵ̫ˣ
򺹵ҲҪɺͲ˰ɣ
תƻڴôκôˣ
Ŀת֣һֱ֣ڲźöأ
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̾ūҾԺҪս֣ʵǡ
İɣһԣǲȥ̵ģΪҲǿϣҴҲвͽֲû̫
ҰοֻϧԸΥԺһǱˣ
ɵһ󣬾Ȥ磬ˣ
Сӣ翪Ц
һԴЦֹתЦСӣЦʦˣ첻ǣҾͲʦ
ʦҪǲЦ
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κǸӣϾҪǶң׼ǳԲ궵ߣκϵֵôҲûҵ£ڵȨɱ˺ܶ࣬ռ˴ˡκǱֱӳٴҴдһţ󽻸԰̵ķϣ԰ӦҲΪҰɣ
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ԭ˵ׯõĺѣǺׯҵˣѾҸɱˡ
һȥҪҵׯˣСվҪͳһ£˹ˣ塢СƵȣСҳ裬㰵ݹǱֻϣ޷谭ң
Ǵ˳̱㱻ӭӣڿɲܵңҿǴع˵عʵԶԣϵҲΪȻǱϵġ
顶㡷ʼ顶㡷Ѿʼأؿʼʱ䣬һᱣÿ һ£һ£ϣҶ֧֣ͶƱղأǵ֧֣дĶ
㡷һƫɸЦĹ£о书оɫŮҲж㴩УһִѧУЦ֣ӵԣдһʥ棡




084 ٻ԰

ٴһ·ԼҲ˽µʱ䣬ʵǿٿģϾҪǵһǧϾͨˣǲܱȣȻûʲô鷳ǵĶ̫Ҳûʲô뷨ȥˣ໨ʱ䵹Ҳûʲô
عǰǿʢģشϷǿУº;϶ȽϰȣϷط֣˿˵ǸǣսʼʱһָĴ
ͬʱҲ̲˰ġĵĽϧԽ󣬹Խ鷳ҪһľԵ󣬾ĳˣأطƶТ߶䣬ԭ˵һǶԵطһˣʵκθı䣬ֻׯ֮ĳնѡ
ԭ飬ʵТҲûˣһصľҪˣ£ˣǸֻҪƺ⣬ͬʱȽຫ̲ຫȻ̫ӵ˲ţǻ޷㷭ĺȻҲǱȲˣΪ塣
ݵõϢ԰ȻҴȨϻǱȴѷһ˴Ҵع԰ͦģ£ҹ֮ܽѹƴҲƻô˵ˣҵĿҲֻǰǶѣڲìܣûϵ
ڴﵽˮ˵ġĻˮ·УȻõصĸΪǰţɵȥٴλڳ֮ˮ
ڳҲ˲ƯеķΣ˵ĻҲȷнܵŮеġ¡һ壬½ڵģӳһΣбǣǰ
ڳѻĸ˳Ŷʽɴһɫִ˵ʸУϴֻΪ˾̣̫æ
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ҪﶼλڳУֹ̨鿣ĹۡʹסĿ͹ҲǽֵݺύȻķֲӡõꡢ̵ȡ
ʱȴʱһ£һǧڣϾ˶ˣǼҪȻǱ˽ȥ׿ҵĻҲ20ˣȻҽȥˣ
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ڷû򿪴ܿ־˳ӿò֣ʻɫҲ㲻ĻɣعⷽȲϡ
ɼֵҷ䣬Цô˷ܸ𣿡
磬ȥߣְ
΢üڻУǸյܵõ˼Ǵкɣ
ûϵɣҶȫ뵽ȥˣ
磬ʦ˵Ҳԣǵ˼кɣ
Ȼǵͷ
΢΢һЦ϶ӭӵģҸҴģ԰ܿͻˣ֮ӦþǴЪˣ
ĵʲôüģȥأ
ҵʦ԰ʹʦҲ£ʦϾʦݷͬһ㣡
ҲЩĵ˰ֻҪĹˣǳڲ£Ҳȥأ
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ĵԸǿ϶ģΪɱӣҪƻȡԹȨļƻɱӻۣأǲҵģ
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ЦǶ˽ңһܲ˵ӵ˺ˣҲ˵ǷǣҾͽ㣡
תͷɼֵܵҲúǲµģѧˮۣˣ֪𣿡
˵ͷصʦģС䣨Сã
ʱ׿ү԰ˣ
΢Цˣ
ұ׿԰
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԰ңҺ˿ˮƵĵʵأǴ˽ӣ
һöذը԰ԳΪ𾪵ɫβŻָƽ³ֵ棿
һ§ͷѵΪһῪЦ𣿶ҲбҪЦ𣿡
ѹִڴǰΪˣԭôһԭڣ
԰
ҵһЦ֣ҿǸôһܰ
԰΢Цַģ԰ҲС֮µȷ򵥣Թ϶Ϊ˶ȡȨ
԰㶼벻Ͳ԰ˣҸ԰ϢҲΪóڲһЩҲ԰˵£ҰϢ԰˵ȶҸô̱Ͼ԰ãҲǿ̵ϣ԰һѣһʯ񣬺ֶΪأ
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԰Ҳ˵ӣ˴ȥ䣬ҶԾԸС͸ȥ䣬ߣҹܺԼ
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΢΢ҡͷСӹȻǸסҲȥˡ
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΢һЦȱ𼱣
˵գͳдŽ԰԰ʮֲ⣬ǵʱȣź԰Ҳظ
԰ŷ£лԭ̾ߵıǳְʵԴӴ֣Թ书ұ뵽Ҳվ̵ĺпǳ֣ڴʱûʳͷԣҲֽӡ
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Ҫٴһʱ䣬Ȼˣ϶ҹȥģôֻҪô԰˵ʾԼܼķΧȡһ̶ϵİæ԰мȨڲìܣ԰ܷɹȡԼҪյ£ûϵֻΪ̲Ųòһ㡣
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˵ĺƽ·Ǽ̶֥С£԰ȴеΪҸʲô¶óҿƾһ֮Կǻ
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صУұ붨ͻȻһ뵽ŮҲнûϵˣŮӦðҵҪˣҿ鴫ǴֻҪСɣҪйͨӦþͲʲôˡ
ע⣬ҿʼͬʱ֮ﴫݳȥǧ̫֮УŮҲŬѧϰҵĻȻͻȻɣ𣿡
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»ش磬ģ˭ҴⰡ˭֪̫书ô̫ã˭̫˰
̵ɣҵŽҸ𣿡
͢æʵ磬̽ûŽ԰
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͢ת̣ж֪һ԰£ʵΪȻֹĵʵЩôģҪעʲôʳʲô֮ܶûӪĻ治ͷֱ˵£ŮһҺǲʵŮһΪҵĹģеֻۣǱ﷽ʽͬѡ
ŮúõĽһ齻οοǺҲϵŮĹôԶľϵ̫ûǺƣ͵ģҿɲϣʲô¡һһϢ峣̫ͣȻȻģŮҵϢҵٴû·û⣬֮һ̸ӵ壬ںȻһⲻ˻̲סʹҵ¡ǰˬһһҪúú巢չһˣΣȻǶóҲ˽Ȼ˵ԼΪ˵ԼĹȻ̱֤Ҫú۰һȻ˵Ҫ۰ÿö٣ȻֵˣҺˣҵĺԺǲŻģٺ٣ˣĽң۹ĽҰɣˣ




085 ī

ҪȥҪЩʱգ⼸Ե䣬һ³ٴǰʱ򣬿ûôϸûҲȥǣҲùܣľսⲻסºҲûô뿪Ҳ׿İжǡ
΢ϴһ£ԼѾĳ·ȣһĹӸ絮ˣԼóľպΪ⣬ˡ
˶ǺòҴкҲ׻񣬲Щ˵е㾪ȣϾӸλȴƽ׽˵ˡ
ٴֵͦģ̶ȲͬľǣĻĺܶأǷΣǸʽɫޣֿʽУҲʱķװɳİɣ˵Ժװʲôģ
˳ӿò֣һ£ƮȻɣӢȻע⣬رЩϵŮӣǶҴüۣЩɴӦз֮ŮҲǶƵﲨ
ûһţôȵҲеͷ󰡣ҪŮҵĻǲϵģԺҪȥ磬ûлʺ޷ȥģ
ﵹһȽϺãǾȻ̫ٷ磬Ӣܻע⣬ʶҵ˵࣬Ȼڻ˶֣ٴ˿ûңҲõ⣬̫ĺ䶯
һţһ߹ֵĴ֣ȤҲвʵС⣬˳ȥ̵꣬ڳ·еģȻҵõεȥ
Ҹһ̤ţϰϳһЦݻӭλ·ɶõĻɫ룡
ҰЦϰ廹ͦİ÷ܵҪԡϰԼѮ΢΢Ϊ㣬˵ΪϾΧûʲôǿУعʵеǿ߰
ϰ㿴͸õϵȻɫ
ϰæȵȣСȥãˣȸӵݱˮùȺȿˮʣ
˵ձкһ˵˱ˮҡ
ϰҲǸˣһ۾ͿҵŻһɢʣ㹫׶ûУϾ϶ҲƽˣǸǮĻҵ
ù˼ڣ㿴˿ĲϣعҪḻˣͼҲǾƯżЩ³ģ·ʽҲǿۻңҶˣЩÿĲϴؼңϲŮ죬øǣǵտɲǸǵģ
ϰóһУڹ̨ϣӵĲϺҲͦصģϰСӾͿɼһˡϰѺӴ򿪵ӰƣɶϵȻɫҹֵȷǺûɫȷҪߵȣ
ҵͷ޵ȷЩҪúܶ࣬·ҲǷǳһ㣬˿һỬ
ϰ۾ЦӣСĻɫɲһ㣬ʹЩ󳼣Ҳ򵽵ģӵ۹ҲǼ߰
ǻƨϣ·ȻҲ֪Щǲϰ˵󳼹嶼򲻵ҵǿЩȷǲãᣬɫҲֻƴúܺãӦϳ˵ģ
ȻˣҲֶܿأܵ㶫ҷǮеǣڼҵĲƸΤҪĪҶϰȻҾҪ
ϰһҾȻҪ˫۷⣬ڶԻתǮҷű˰ɣϰеĵԵȣСΪ׼ȥ
ҵͷߵһԣԱ߷ŵ֮࣬ʯʲôģƷֵ룬ĸˣװҵǷǳ׬ģοִе̸ִǻףҪܽҵĸͺðˡ
ʱ۽ƳһĺɫŮӽ˵Уҵע⣬΢תͷϸһֻǰһŵ㣬˫ȴģΪ·¶ɣ˾ӦǷɫ磬ݡ
Ůظ͹ķ飬뵽һʣǾǻɫ㣬þִ˵ǽħģʹݰɣٺ٣ǼƷŮˡ
ŮƺԴԵĿ⣬۹罣ңʵ˵е磬ŮһģƢҲɫɣǸ̫ǵ
۹⣬ȻǾԵӣһЦĴŮüΪ֣ȻǰȥӢṫӸ磬еͽӰĿȴû˿ǶһͶѣҲûϷҪǻ˱ˣҪÿˡ
ע⵽ŽǽǶűʯ֮ģ֪ŮҲǷǸ󣬶ѽҲӦþǷƷ
Ҽң΢΢һЦת˫ָ֣·ŮƳһۣҲˣﻹƣǱԼǻϸÿΪʲôˡ۾ܿһۣͷڹ̨ϷŵĸղϰϵȲϣϲѡ
Ůϲ·ʱϰ߳ڵЩ٣ҲˣżصŮҲãŮϰϰЩСȫҪˣ
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Ůһ۵СȫҪˣ٣С˫
ϰɴˣ˫ҲϰҲǱȽϽõģǵⲻУСܵýð
һŮĻҾͲܸһҺͦǮģ֪ļҵС㣬߹ȥЦĵС㰡İҶѾ˻ҪǮˣ̫ðɣ
ŮҪǮſϰøң
˵ʵͦģòһ㣬͸ŸǿȴֲʧȷǸжصĴɤ˵ĻͲ̫ˡ
ô˵ҲҪģô˵ԼǮܶ࣬һͦԣ֪ʲôǧС㣬Ϊǣ￴ŮķϣҲøˣȻô˵ţΪ˺۸
˲ЩͷŮ˵ĻҲмǮʲô˲ҲеǮЩϱҪģ㲻𣿱Ϊܳ˫ǮУҿԳ
ŮһԲɵô˵ǲøˣһˣôϻȥѵѧŮȥŮ𣿡
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ʱҹĶϰϰ壬⻰ͶˣϾи󵽣ҪţȻôúأ˿Ϳϵ۰
ʱҲûעҵִ䣬ҵԸŮüëһһֺĸо
ϰм䣬Ҫϸ˵ɲܵ˰Ůһת뿪ͬʱͷҲصĵ´αٿ㣬СһŹ㣡
ϰĨ˰Ѻûֵ̫󣬡Ӵ治أ㲻ɰ
ҶȥٻӰŵ
ŮôˣϾңҪĻѵǿ˼ҪŵģһɣҲ֪ΪʲôŮһ£оܵͦȤİǲǱúܻˣûϵٺ٣
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ǶĸӦҷкüط˶ңȤ°ʱֻһĴƮţѰˣʱһ
˳õͨһƾɵ·ҵͷݵģҪ˵еؤǱʣϧǵؤеİ֪Ϊʲô𣿾ǲǣҪΪؤеİҪǣҪҲҪȱؤҪקҪĿᣡʲôëֻҪһ飬ҲޣԪգŷԪҲ֪ؤҲҪԸ񰡣
һֺõЦܵǰҷûдЬӣŽţ΢΢ġߵԱߺ㽫һŶүǮɣҼûԷˣ
ҺȻĽжַźãһڣóһЩǮˣл뿪ˣҼţóŶһһƬСƤд֣ԼҳһۣԪڡ
ҿһ±㽫ƤڣŶȥƫƧһҪȥԪڡʱֻһīߴ˳ǰʵʸǷǳ裿
ҵͷ£֪Ԫ
˻صӸǰȺ򣡡
΢΢һЦˣ
ȥȥͻȻһգһдֱͬʱ̳˲ˣ̶ϻẓ̇ȴźɫһ۱ܿĨ˾綾
ҷЩ˶īߣҹûԳԼʵֻǡ衱ĿЩˣǵʲôˣԪ
ʱм߳һˣ˳úǾ׳ͦģɽһ㣬ˣżž⣬Žǳȣֻ׳ǳ裿Ҳ
ӸҲ޷ܳӵģ
֪Ǹ׵˵˾乧άĻҲЩף˫۴šŭ⡱ǸΪӵˣʵҲģȻ˾ϷˣӦīߣͲ֪īǳīˡ
īԪµˣѾɢˣװеţɫҲءҳʲôˣΪʲôҪװԪڵ֣ǵʲô
ҷҵݼԽԽˣ
ֻӵ˳īӷ
ҡȡīǳԱûҸʲô
Ȼô˵ţҴҲµһЩԪڵԼˡ
ȻǷ֪Ԫڵģ
ô֪ԪģʲôҲû
Һܡ޹
ߣ裬ͱװˣԪںƽ֮£ӿ֪ġƽȴˣԪҲ䲻ҲõϢɴйأôһ̽ȻϣԪڿ϶йϵ
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ҺģЩ˰ǵģҿʼϾҿɲ֪ģ͸ˣֲīߣҪиð
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Ӵ㻹ΪܹصסңҪΪЩã
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һϾڿǱˣе㵣ģ뵽ǳʵһж̶סм̾綾ϣӦòģ
ЦһͻȻ˫ϴбǿ֮ǶƣͬʱΧͬܵػһ㣬ߵķݵ˳ȥڱǿŪøˣƵĲˡ
˫ƵĶʱо͸оԣһֶԣо;ʮҪģǧһ֮ʣһԣû̫ܵӰ죬Ȼ̽룬ϾҪԼûӮңԻΪϲߡ
ī߶ڵϣܵҵϮˣɴԾڷҲУҲŲīҲڱЩƻԭҾ֪һԽңعԽ
ҵĵλӸղſʼͿˣϷҲˣó˰ɣ
Ա߽Զ߳һЩˣǵĴҲīߣмǸȴԪڣʵҸղž͸оˡԪ΢΢Ц֣кþò˰ɣ
Ұ뿪ЦĵԪͲ˼ˣұУҲʱԮ֣ѩ̿
ѩ̿еôʣ֣书ԿģǺǾԲܵİɣ
ԪЦŷʵ
ˣξԭˣôܵʲô𣿡
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ȻĳīīҪĶ࣬īҲöԸϣīһԸܾʵְ
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Һ鷳ģҲûȤȥͳһīţԪԼȥæɡ
ҲԪΪоˣϴμʱо֣˷â¶ĸоӹ棬Ҳһָŵϵ˵Щīлˣôýɣһûȥ
룬ԺҪңܿڡҪīسǣ岻ݴǣ
Ԫڱ֤
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΢Ц˵תǣī߿ǳƽרŰسǵģʵ˵һֺõ£ν֪ΪΪ֮Ǻǣ




086 Ѱ

԰ȻǸˣԤĻҪһ㣬ûԭΪ̫֮λ봺Ъͥ񣬲ʵԣҪǿһЩٴµĻǴТӵϼһҲˡ
ֻǲ֪Ȩɱ˺󣬵ΣӦûȽϻңˣ԰˵Ҫ󣬲еҼǵЩͶ˴ڵλҲǻ˸λӣܿڣ֮ӣȻǰѾͬʱȨһɱˣӵλҲͶдڱʹ԰Ҳʱ޷ǺΣʱֻңׯӦûеعϾТһλ
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Ϊʱ磬Ȼûʲôҵ챾׼ᣬӭӳ̫Ϊ̫ϴ˭֪ȥ̫סۡȴ֪̫Ѿ⡣Һñ֪С֪ǵ˳̫ͷϣϼ
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ֶСڿʼǳ̫ˣҪúøų̫ź
СסԼӯӯݵǣлϣ
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С˫žӨỨ΢е㼤ܵóڹߣ빫ϧСһú÷̹ӣ
Һ΢ЦȻȻڸңԺҳҵˣҳԼŮ˿Ƿǳ۰ѾຣԺһὫҸģ
ΪǱˣֻҿеˮҲֻ˵ⷬ
СһУֻۣҸ֮죬ֱšеҲǽΪ⣬ʵҲûҪȥСһʼֻǴΪԭϵȥû뵽ȴдķģиңұǴȥΪȻ뿪úַ³ȥˣΪֳʺң̲סҪǻ
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088 

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һЩӭ˽صصҽܣЦΪҽܼˣֻҺע⣬һǶ飬䣬д֮磬һ˱ǳˣɫ԰ףǸھɫ֮
鱾԰ˣƴ󣬱㿿ߣҲǸǽͷݣڳȨצȨ˱ͶԳȻǵˡ
˵пˣԭ˵Ƕ֮ޣǺ˴Сƣһŭ֮°ᵽ˳ǽˮԵıԺӣ׼̤Ű벽ԾĸӮó˵𾴣ТҲԶ鲻ڵӣ˴ںţ;Ҳָ
ǶĿ߿ʼûתƹԵСɫϣСϳˣδﵽɫҲԶӣеҸŮеչֵһɣʤա
ҿٿȥ鶼ˣ΢ǰһõסߣ˲΢΢üȻ֮Ķ壬һΪλһ£λӱǳ裡ع̫̫
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ԭǳ̫ʧʧ
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΢һλҲðλ۾ð
Ҳ޷̵˵ţСΪڷҸҲûǶҲûʲô˼άԼŮˣҲСиˣΪʾҺôܲء
ʮΣûͷԼİ檶øˣŭ⣬Ǿسӣϧֲôμкұϯ
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׽һʦΪ簡
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СҵĻϲлں
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ʱĸ輧裬ȻǲļģĵģŤε裬Ű͸ıɴ裬֫ȸǰЩͶǳɫǡ
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治ɫȻ֮ӽ԰գг̫ĸָһֵˣ
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ڵӿڵų̫书߾ϣ[www517znet]ʧźã
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˶ûӦʱѾָڻս֮ϣͬʱֱָ뽣УΪҶ̫죬ֻһӰǿʱѾҵڻսϣͬʱսĽֻꡱһѿ
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ҴЦһԾ˵ķΧͬʱ˫ƴžͬʱһģֻһ𣬱㱻޴ɣθǲܿƣˤϡ
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԰ʱĵдˣǰ̫˵֮λҲͬ⣬Ϊι̫أǲأ󽫾
԰鴦ȥɫƣǴʱȷǾ¶ˣʱֻҪϳʱҺ԰һ״ͲðˣѾʧТˡ
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Сӭһϯԣҵһ첲üѹµϣҺˬС㴽ղŹӱΧżʶΪʲôӻᱻŵ棡
ҵֱ˫ϣ˼£ĦţļͦЦⲻС˼ѣ㻹ûʶ
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ڵվûʼôˣԵýΪ壬Ⱦƣ԰аԸˣҲǺúó˿
ҿŴǱװɫкЦǰʯͷԼĽţôʷ룬Ըңǻ̫ˣ




089 Ե

ڵȵСԼ뾣һظ԰ĳУߣ֪Ҫ̸̸
Ǻúõĳһڶ
԰ںһԵ÷ǳˡ
𣿻ðɣǲǶ˼ɣ»ᶯֶԸǡֻҺ֣ΪʲôԸңȻҵȷкĳ𣬿Ӧûڻɱң
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԰гֱΪТұ֪ԳûʲôøУʵ֪ڽ˭
԰հģհҵˣΪʲô⣿
Ϊ뵽Т󣬴˷䣬հĳؾĶţȻ԰˿Ѿ类ˡһЩ뷨֣Ҷһ䣬ע⶷˵ĶͬʱҪհгнץУԺһʲôҲԱ
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һ£裡
ͻȻ΢һͣʵʲô£
¶һֵЦݵиϢǳȤģ
Һ֣ʵʲôȤϢ
ЦøǹŹ֣ұȥ
ϻصס밵ô֪ϢģΪʲôΪһܸȤѵһҵе㺹ǣ
һʵ磬ô
һŸղŰ˵Ļعû⣬İɣʵûȥ˵ͣûʲô𡣶Сأ
Ŷȥˣںڷܣ

ҲŬˣˣʱôЦ磡
ѵ
磬ô᲻Ŭأֻû
ϵҲӦǰɣҪǱС׷ϣ⾣Ҳûˡ
صУСڴߣẈ̂СһҸɫһСϲת۵Цչǰ齱ȥ§Сˮ߰֫ô̸ǰ
ڵȹӻ̹Ӿޣ
С˵⻰ʱûʲôߣϾѾɬСŮˣһϵŮˡһЦðǾҪлҵĺý޷̷ˣ
СЦܷ̹ӣң
˵űΪҿ½ҵʼСǷµ֮ϣżһ壬̽Ĺ֮ϣС΢΢š
ò˶ѵþˣһٽСѹ£Ƕᣬûеκʹҵħֿʼ֮ϣֹȵʸ˰֣ҵҲûͣ£˱С㴽˳ղ
СһƺҪڻİӵڣСڷ³ˣڴϵȻǺܻź˵ġʼ˽ΪҵķĹȿڣĦţСڴϷŵ֮˽еĽ衣
ͦ룬ʼӵأСǰϱѾ֪ҵϧȻǽڽڰˣɱöףΨһǷģֻѪ͵˵ǴʱҶУȴһ㣬СеҲҺˬĸоôõĽʱ䣬⼸ҿˡ
Сѩ׵ĴȲҵ˵ѹؿڣĦңҼףҸӴȥֱ
ɢС㼵ҵߣܵ˼㣬׽һУ˵ţ׵о᲻÷ֿСһӣÿ϶ŪþƣǹȴȻȣϢ˯һҲָ̻̫˼ˣ
һĶͷ˫ޣ˫棡
СգգĿ˫ޣ棬治ˣӦˣκβܵ£Ӷ
ǵҿɲʲôˣҲҪʲôˣֻҪ˵С
СһЦεĺ촽ҧҵһµ㻵ˣ˵С
ҹһЦѵ˵Ĳ𣿡
˵ַϵ㰡ңȻԿĿԼŶ
Сĵİһ۵ǹӵģôԸȥģ
һЦƷһĶС죬СȻҵȥ˱ĵطСǻᱣɩ
Се㵣ĵǲ֪λǡ
ҵ촽ӡ㴽֮ϣȻֿģһڣͷĺˣ
ϣұϵŮ˵С飬ҲǺͬССֵطңҲΪǺ£ԲԡҲܸмŮҪ̧ܣҲɵˣʱٺúáˡ
뿪ٴǰһ죬һ˳⣬ҽﵥ봺֮¸԰Сĵ㣬ΪҾҪ뿪ˣ԰ܸмҶİЩ鱨δѣ׼
û̫ʱ£Դ󣬴ûҹ鷳ѴϢ͸¶˸ҡڰľٶҲǺףûȤ֪
ǽ⣬ܲˣϧźǣûҲֱȥŰݷðɡεҡҡͷóһӣȻˣԼһӣģ
һ羰ĸϣٴķ־뻹Ȼ羰ķչҲƻȻ籾ƽ⡣
ѡһʯȥ΢˫ĿŴȻɸжһ㣬Ĵּ䣬ӹݵأƺСҲ᲻뿪֦ͣͷĬĬţʱ·һγһĻһԵôȻгãֹһָֻղŵһγѣȴ̲סΡ΢ֻһɴվţл¶Ϊҵĵɫ
΢΢һЦòĵ֪λкιɣ
ΪɴģӦǼ˵ġҲûλŵǻȽϿȹ׹أͷķҲǺȻΪ·İҲԼ͸¶ϸ϶ȣͬʱ漶ˡȫһָ߹ŵʣִŵأΪɴԵʣĽòֻ֣ȴǷִо仰оʣ紦һ㣬ˣ͸ǹҫĹâԿλŮǸԸҵŮӣֲȱˮ
·ղǹӴİɣУ֪Ǻ
Լижⴵģûʲô֣Ҳû̶Ľ࣬ǸԼĸо࣡
ҺһЦ
Ŀ⣬ֻں˻һȻȥ
ȥ֮ղ߽֮նෳǡ䣬̫ķգǶֻ֪֮Уȴ˺ܶߵöƩȻ⣬ֻҪܸܵܶܶ࡭
һƬ͵Ȼ羰Ƹ̾ĵ
ӣо׽Ÿղʫ䣬ʣ޵ӺĲɣ
ֵƺҲвٷգ
΢Цʵ⳾䣬кûзأҪң⣬ǺѵģֻҪ䣬Ҫ˵ûзǲܵģνڽɼ
ڽɼǺףνʲôɼȴǾٵĵΣ
ĿƺұȽ͡
ƺҲע⵽ҵĿ⣬΢ͷҲûйңҵĵҲзաƮˮһ˼г޼ƿüͷȴͷ
յʫǲͦ⾳ⴿ뵽˵ˣûб˼ȴ̾ȻΪ裬ӣѹԼͲŮĲѧȻҪԹӸֳƳˣ
΢һʶ£
Цһ˻˭ֵ֪أӸղŴԼĲɹ˾Ϳɶ϶˾䣬¼Ҳ֮ܳˣҹӲѾ𣿡
ӭߵǰƫһͷһͷѿڶˣ
ǣ֪ģ
Ӧ˵˾ȵĵ
¶һƤЦݵǸ޿ɷ棬νй¶߷ܲ³˭ֺγܲ³أҷ˲Ҳһ𣿡
һû뵽һͬ˵㡰ꡱЦʶ̫ãָݾ̬
̾Ϊʲô˲ԸЦأЦʵãνЦһЦʮٰ
ЦһЦʮ٣˼䣡
ƺ仰
Ҳ˵Ȼ˲δı棬Եֺαʶأ
Ĭ飬̧Ŀһ۵ӹȻҲ˹ӵĲѧΪԵ
ҵȻһЦԵһεߣͬ˻ϵһһ㣬νԵ԰ǵԵˣҲŷ徻ˣиˣպԵټ
˵ת뿪ȻǻǰӵıӰĸо̫ˣͬҹеǿһ䣬˷дʱѾ׵ĽӰӡ̽ȥ




090 ϲԩ

Ҫ뿪عˣΪбҪԾûд;һ𡣾ĵ磬㻹ҪʲôȥΪʲôǣ
Ц£Ȼ˽ˣȻҸ𲻴ǰ
һµʦ˽£ǴЩȥɣ
Ҳǰʦ㲻·ϺӦ
еЦõĸоֻõãѵʲôҶҪӦǻʲô𣿡
˶һۣеȷˣǲҿһǿBT˰ǻʲôĵģҲȥ鷳Ѿǰӷˣ
ߵСߣģĽڻеСлѾ˵ˣǶȻúչģͱˣ֪𣿡
С˳һУλȴӻģ
һЦ˵ˣҷɾˣǶôеģôǹӹӵĽң
СһЦϲΪӣ
ֻҡҡͷˣʲôһˣҶԳƺҲ̫ע⡣
תͷԾǵúչɩ֪𣿡
һظģСڣöɩĻ
ͷİɣʦһúչʦģ
۵һۺʦ
ҵͷ˼ߵ۵ǰһ۵˻ȥϣܺúϾǧҪʲôӣȻ֪ˣĺ̨ӲҲһҪ𣿡
۵ɫѿɫˣ˶սսģΪҵѾۼˣʱڳһѵ˭ģã
˵óҸı
ֻҧгݵĵĩ
׿ߵÿǣ춯ҪСǲն࣬һкҳе
ǣү׿
Ȼ׿ûҵĻҪеΣЩѵսʿԻԥǵ˼ѾǼпһˡ
׿ˣǷǳģΪ˰ȫǣֶ׿ɼǰ̽·Ҫȷûκ⣡
׿صĵͷһļת߿Ծǵˣ̰ɣ
ʱȴԶҵĿȻó԰ǣΪʹӦҪͣοҴǿأ˵Һ԰Ĺϵôܲأ
Ȼ԰ǲǰ԰΢Цߵǰ֣ĳһ̣
ЦȷҪ鷳㣬֪ͨһǷ·ϵĸԱأ
԰ЦŵͷİɣĳѾźˣѾǰȥˣ
֣԰΢㲻̫ףͻȻʱûǣǱ԰֣֣Ȼ԰̫ʲôǴеĺ塣
ˣ´ټɣԺҲлܴ̻㣡
ҷſ԰ֵ
̵£ĳҪٴθлˣʱĳһܽУֻҪսǾòˣ
԰޸пĵ
ģǲȥ̵ģҲϣ˵Ҳ۲ûս̫ɣ
һеû˵ģǹҰСȹĸع󣬾Ҫ뿪ĴˣΪԲСĶ֡ڰˣԺҪˡ
ˣϺأ
ͻȻ뵽û԰һֲ֪ڸʲôıѾ֪ôܣҪԸҲ£
԰ҾףɹɣҲ˵ˣˣ
һЦ
ֱأ
԰ϡȻ԰ĹϵΪ̶òʼղȫΪͬһˣΪ˹Һ棬԰һԥĳңΪԭоѾˡ
СԴĵӣһ·Сģ
ҸһĵЦݵİɣҲµģ
԰ٴűʿʼس̡ҺһȥˣҵٶҪӦû⡣
ֱԾṦӽ·Ȼȷس뿪ԭ·
󣬱ƮȻأ⾪ףɺ䶯ҡ˳Ǻұǰε꣬ڵ˼ΪɫǱȽϵԭµϰߣֲ̫ϵóһԼоģȻԭ´ҲԶԺ󳤷뷢΢һ±䶯
ҵӣƳ˼ҵˣӦûʲôὫڵϵǮұҸùȥסʱ仹磬ҵٶȼܸˣұһҷݳԷ
ˣȴûӣ΢̾һ˾񹦣ȻˣȻɱˣ֣㿪ʼץȤֳԷȷ˼ǰҪϴɾû뵽񹦻⹦ãٺ٣ˣѧ̣ˡң˭˵ɱģ
ҳԷʱֻһŮƮȻ˷֮ڣٿҲ͵λŮҵ۽ɨ־Ȼ·ϵԸŮΪǲŵģֻҪҵӦϲҵġ
һҪҲùһٷұ뿪ȴһĿһֱڰжŮŮȫȻǲ£˵ĿǳаȻֱľ뵽Ǹ˻
а̾һһңҲˡŮ극뿪ʱҲʣעҲָղҲųˣ˳ͨ㵽Ⱥоץһѣǡһ·ҲǲСǮˣʹԼ30ꡣŮһǻĺɫװź磬һźһ㣬ֻһõ꣬ҪͶˡǸɷҲŮ÷¥Ҳȥһ䡣
˺Ҳһ䷿䣬ԥҪҪϰ˽ˣ뻹ǵȵȰɣν׽Ҫ࣬ԵǧСҲѧһνѵ
ʱܿ㵽ҹ̽Ůɷķ䣬⣬Ϣһ㣬ڷϣΪõס¥ֻ㣬Ůķǰ棬òƲ˻ļһҺŮм䡣
࣬ƮȻŮĴϣΪ봰ϽҲҲڷ£ֻŮڼߣ°֪ͣʲôỹڸҼƽϰɣ
ҸожǷǳᣬǶˣϱ̽ҶΪɷļһŮȻţҲԱ߿źϷŮľҲ̫˰ɡ
ע⵽ָֽȻһϸСĹӣк棬û뵽ʱĲ˻ͻˣ˹Ȼһִĸǻִȴ˲˻֮ϡ
ŮʱԼ£ͻȻͷеΣһŵһɺܵζͻȻסӣͬʱ򴰻͸
аޣͦģһ̷ֲԣѵжϣϧһʼ̫񣬲Ȼ֤ܶһ٣ϧֻŮߵߣûü͸ѾˣŴڣĻ
˫۳صҪպ֮ǰһ˴ţһѾû֪ˣ˯Сǲ˻ٺһЦٺ٣û뵽쾹Ȼ˱µ˶ôõĻɫѵһ
ֻз̾Ůصԣȥ̽븧Ử֪ҸͻȻϧͷˣ
ǲ˻һæվվʱȴͻȻһιʶһһʲôûҵ㿴ˣ
ǲ˻һݣתѾվڳŮղſһ˵ķڣǲ˻ǳ£µ
˵꣬ϳſڷȥ𲽲ֻǰһѾ΢Цվǰ
ǲ˻һ˵˻˵ͻȻ˫һ˹ȥֱӡһɵڵأеĿɵڵأЦĺ𣿡
εҡҡͷŻĲ˻첻£ҹĲɻ㣡
˳ֵѨڷĽȻ鷳ĴС㣬̾˿һǸµˣˣң
ҽŮᱧŵϣֻһЩ㣬ûʲô󰭣ܿ㽫Чͬʱߵеڴʲô飬ͦġ
ΣŮ޳ëƤ˼£ָҲ˼£Ҫˣ齱ߣ΢ͷŮſ˯һ㣬л֮ɫȴǳˣ΢΢еʧ
£ֱӳû°ɣ
һŮ΢һ㣬漴ϡһУƺղŵ£ϱܵ˫ֱסؿڣԱ߶㿪ϵУѾǰ˽磬ļлǴ̶ҲεŶ䡣
εĵôòãҵĶ䶼ܲˡ
һû꣬ȴȻŮֱӰγ˷齱ߵıҺԥֱȡҶͬʱŭɱ㣡
֣
ҹֽһƾƣһŮ׷ᣬһٶ㿪Ľûû
Ů࣬ǷǳŭнҲǺ·ԣСķڣʩչ˾ĲɵĶĹͬʱҲŭҵܻҵ࣬Ҫɱ㣡
һշһкŲƣԣŮΪʽϣһ޷УץסʱʲôˣҾ㰡
Ʊ磡
ŮѾ΢侲ˣȥҲ̫ãҿɲ뱻ֻ͵ĵѰ
ŮнѤţң
һƹ⣬ֱӷŮĽУŮһһ۱㿴еʵһŷĽϣʽһͣдһûŮеĽͬʱָŮıǻϣָĺܰ
ŮֻͻȻܶˣд󺧣ջ֣˫޹ĵģֻ̫ҲŲòʱˣ
Ů֪Ǻ߻ǼŭΪѾܺˣ̾Ѿ˵ҲҪңɾͰŶ
ŮͻȻһգգĿңе㲻⣬˵ʲôʱŮͻȻеԭСӣ
֣ڲϳҿɲȻϳҾͲӦٻˣ
Һ˳ڵĵ˭֪Ů˵㲻ղŶʲô
ҸɿһĵĺòãҲôᰲ˵ǵģ
ʵŮʱ侲ҲΣȻ岢Ǿ˵ûסˣҪĻղǰͿֱжˣҿǰҲûһ΢΢ģлǵ˵ģ
ָŽ˵ҪңˣǺûñҧʶģ
Ůһ㣬ӿʵ˭
һˣˡ٣Ҹô𣿡
ơ
ƫͷ۾Ҳڽ⿪㣬ɱýкˣ
ֵһŮֻϺʲôƵģһܶˣһ֫дžȺͺɨһۺ㶨ڽǸϡ
лһ¸ղεǰľûӣΪ·ǵãȻǵò̫ڿԿ϶ԲԱǸĹӸ硣
һ˦ͷڸ˰ɣɱԩˣ
Ůƺлɵ˭֪ǲǺˣղŻˡ
˵һ죬ղҳֵϡ
ˣղĵģ⣬ҿûô
һΣǺڻᣬŮȻΪҲǸǻǲ̫ңж
Ůһ۵ΪʲôܼʱңûС⣬ôܸպƷң϶Ҳģ
΢ЩһǶ£֪ҾͲˣ㱻һˣ㻹ⲻǷ
Ůüëһһ۵ȹСķϣպðСһʹ
һЦãǿԲŻעǸʲô֪ⲻƽ޹ʾͱŮ˸ˡ𡣿»ǹܵǻˡ
ͷ˷һƫ׼ôʰ
ŮǲǵģݱҪҲû취踾Ůߣ
Ļ뵽Ҫʲôˣһݣǵ˭˵ԸʮҲһСˣԸʮСҲһŮˣԸʮŮҲһŮ
⻰ǴеҰĨ˰Ѻ򶨵ĵԼɣȳȥˣ
ѵҪôǼһСܵе
Ůһɵ㲻׼뿪ҪǱСûˣÿģ
ȸ״е㲻ǵĹϵˣҾ˰һ֣ô˵ɣҲùܣҾסǰ䣬Լң
˸뿪ķ䣬Լ䣬Ůһص½ȥΪѾǸȫסˣõͱκηӦҲĻɱһĽˡ
ڶȥͣõеС˵֪ԭŮ˺󣬾ͽС˰˳ȥôˣ˭֪ѾǸˣŮ˼ôСǰǼһ
ȵЩ㣬ûŮҲˣڣһ˿ϲãȻȴװģߵǰȻĵʶȤû뿪ȻСÿ
˫һЦõĵ˵С㣬㵽׸ʲô߲߹ʲô£㲻Ҵˣ㲻Ͳõ𣿡
ŮҺССû˵ߣͲߣ
˭ĳⲻǿʶתͷȥεɣ
ߣҲ룬ѹֻо˵ŮشԵģϡʱСҪ͹ã
Ůһ㣬־ȥã˭֪ҿһ˹ԹԵĳŮת׺ݺݵһۣĿ⣬Ц㣿Լȥҵģ벻Ͷǲеģ
ŮСŲϡģСϸõ㣡
ãСԵȰ
С˵ĿôоǻҺϷ
ͬһԷͷȴǸһ򣬺ԶԷ۲ΪͬһҲе㣬Ů۽һֱݵңﻹǺЦŮ˼
ˣ˭֪Ҳ·˵ʲôûǰͲ뿪ߣҺ·͸ߣ˵Լලңһ仰㡱ˣŮĿһɣ͸ңҶԸرҲƫҪ
ǣҵ·ϾͶһͬ飬ǱϸһԩңȤûϵʱҵУúöŮҲ·иҲį˵ˣҵٶҪ·ףˣǿŮ⡭Ҫҽڡңٺ٣ôϲˣ




091 ͬУϣ

òֹһǣұƥȻȫҪԱôŮţܲ˵߾߰ɣ˵ŮңǼٻҪϧ񣬲Ůһ·߰ɣνҲۣɲһ
ţżܿһЩ԰⣬вٲľŮһԣдһ˿ϲõĵģϧ񣬱Сʱһˣ
ѵҿͲϧ֮治ףҹȥ
һΡ
ߣ˭ǱСģ㻹С⣡
Ů
ˣﲻߣҿ϶㷢ֱӢٷ磬԰ĲŶ԰ɣٺ٣
еĵ
û뵽Ů΢죬漴˭˭ϲ㰡Լ𣡡
˵ձһתһ߲ڿҡ
͵ЦŮӡ̣ν˲Ů˲Ϊ֮ᣬԼҵʹҵӰӣҽڸңҲ⣬ϾʱͨѶ鷳һֿͺ絽ˣʱһ绰ˡ
ԭУʱĲŻ뾡취һãѾңٺ٣ôõŮôܷŹأ
ˣ˵Ҷ֪ǰŮķ뵽תͷŮˣһ֪Сķ
ŮƳһ۵ʱС֣ӦȱԼİɣ
úúãճң
ҿŮķϣֺˡ˭֪ŮҵֺüһȻ¶ңֵ֣ôȡô֣
һϷҹԼ֣ȡô֣ô˵֣Ҫ֪ɽǻиңǵģʱɽֿİңַҵңԣҲϱּô᲻áһһε壬ʲôҿ֪ˣ
ŮҵֺȻҵֺˬ˵Լ֣СأҼסˣ
أһأΪ񰡣ҿɲǾ磡
Һ
أ˭ǻأʲôо˭𣿡
طǳѧʡ۾һɵôҸ磿С˵У
˭֪˵ʲôϣŹֵĻô࣬С㶼
ؿʼԹҵĻˡ
ˣ̧ˣϢһ°ɣ
ֺͣܽýݣҲŵĴϷ䣬ҿһ˿ȣĽЦôܾȰɣСɲǽŮӣ
Ǻܾȣû˵ôŵĳ̶ȣ
΢һʼ漴һ˶ȣ˳óˮҿҲҵˮûˮ΢΢һЦ˳׸ɣҲʣ
Ҳ֪ҹ⽫ˮøȻЩЩԣĵزסҵˮ˵˾䣺лл
һԵĴʯϣšӣˮ
ҪôòǲӿɽҲ
һۣٺЦ
˵ʲô㻹ѵˣ
һɣߵ
ЦЦ㻹ȺˮɣҲ㳶˰ɣ
ԼϹ˵СĲǣ
Ůɵߺ˿ˮߵ
ιҲöʱǰѱС㡢СĹ߰ɣ±˲֪ǴСһҪΪǮ˲Ҫ֪¼ж˶ûԣ㻹ôݳޣ
ҿʼԼĸ̸ˡ
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ˣԵĸ㣬ˣеƣһ㣬ѹѹ
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ҲĲԾСŮֱңҲʼϲˣνԩҲͷǰԩңҷſ֣տԽεˣŪԣ

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Ƶ΢Ź𣬵ȴȻôѹ˵ŮҲĸԸǷ
ȻԵõվǰҼǵ³ǽʫʸ踳Ϊ֮ϧȴҲΪ˹СΪأ
ҸоԽһֻ֮Ʋ̫ף
ҲĵǾͱ̸ˣ˵ˣëԼӦƸ£
ëԼȷǷǳ˼УҲһ⵱к壡
ƵָȻ
΢Цǲ֪¹أ
ƴ˳ƣʱҲľò͵ʯϰ͸Ƥڶ˶˴ȴһɳˣҼʡ
ص˿ۿ°ڰ֫ȫڸǣֱ֫أߣ̬ţӣմȾ㷲֮
ҲһǰӣʹҲⲻһ󲨶˽ʮ꣬δһӱĲǱȻôȻֻö֪λΪ֪衢ա־ʮ֣
һЦ֪ô֪ôν֪֮Ϊ֪֪Ϊ֪֮ȻֺαִЩأмеһʵûʲô׷ʵģ𣿸οй¶
Ʒ貹âıʯʣҸղ˵̴֮³λ̸²ڳ£֪Ӹմ
Ҹֶҽܵճңң
ҵֺ΢㡣΢һЦν쳾ΨңҵԸʶȡΪңСΪأ
쳾Ψң֮ȷ
Ʋ޸пĵ
СǷѾ֮ˣ
ʵǷԽһŵɫʼǰˣΪʲô֪£Լͷδ߹κˡ
ҺƵɫΪʲô֪ⲢҪ㻹û߱ˣϢͻûй¶ȥСܴ㽫ϢһԼĺýãͬʱҳ϶ȣ֪˵ĶԲأ
һݣоʵ̫˼ˣΪʲô֪Լ飬Ϊ֪Լδ߹κˣرǰϢԼĺýΪˣ϶ỳɴյõˡ
ֱ˵˰ɣСҪôСֳȻݾ͵Ȼ޴ˣʱκȨƵ˶ϣܽСŪԼϣԴС밲Ȼ԰ͱһǿٵһʵܱ֤㣡
ҵĵ
ƱȻһƬȻƺģȴͬκ˵Ĵһ㣬ǳĲƽʵ벻ͨΪʲôԼе뷨ǰӻ֪дʵĵӴӺε֪Щģ
ҵһֱŸĪ΢Цûлش⣬ҵķ¼䣬ܹסС㣬ôСܰȻκ˶ҴСˣҲֻô
ļˣ
ȤʵƾǰңǷˣΪ֪Щ£Ȼͷǲû߹κˣԡ
ﵥκֻعΤ
΢˼ˡ
ƲÿɷֻǸһЦҼЩ˶ôСģΪǶǺҰĵˣ˵ˣɽ޷뻢ڰˣ
뻢ڣȷʮУǳΪкֵأ
ư̽ҡ
ڴߣѧŹ˵ʱּƵǿɿ֮ˣΪֻС⣡һõѡҲ´СȻ뵽ôˣСѾǹˣ
ƹⲻӲ֪˵ǺˣƲδ
аЦǰװɵûõģһ§޷˱£ڹΪع̫̫ͬʱΪͳصĳ裡
Ʒһ𣬳Ѿ׹Ļҳæ¼䣬û˸ҶһͷˣųǸӣӲһŮΪŮԡ
֪ҵѾҵһֱ־ͬʱΪ˿е֮һɣȻԼֻǰԼִ˵Ĺ۵£ڹŴ˿ʹһˣԲŻֽ
һ˵Ĳǳˣȷѡ
΢ЦСǷ֮⣡
ǳ˵̬Դֻƶ֪Ϊʲôδ߹κ˵£֪ѵԤ֮ˣ
㶮Ϊ𣿡
ҷʵ⡭
ûϵһ⣬΢΢ЦνűУűûСν⣬ǵΪȻģҲ˵ˣСֻҪס߾͸ɴô룬֮ܲܰС㰲Ȼκ˸ҶСһͷ
˵δ֤֮߱ȷǷˣʵƾȣ˵ԤƵţΪʲôҪأӲҲһڴƵ𣿡
ƴʱһ̬ǳ˿ҪԵֵˣȴȻ·붨ɮԴ޶ԡ
ڷƵĻֻǵȻһЦС˵ûһëԼȷڴС⡣ҿװ׵ĸߴС㣬ΪԸһСˣҲԸһαӣȻҲǴС⣬Ҳһȥǿ˵ˣΪ֪ǿûҸģ
΢һҵȻ̬ʣͬʱ˵Ļоǳر𣬿СˣαӡǿûҸġ
˸ղŵ̬ңƺҪҿ͸һ㣬⣬Ȼֻ΢Цֱ
Ȱһ̾治֪ңǺˣΪʲô֪룬ǷȴĵΪǿ֮ˣǷƵԩҰ
СΪǷʤιһְأ
Ҳ㲻ӦȻô˵ţ֪һδػȫΣŴ˶Թһ׽Ϊţ˵ԼԤҲΪܶȡһݷƵΣЧһǳã
ǹֻٶŪһְλأ
ôоǹңֻ뿴Ƿ绰˵ʵΡһЦкѣҰŸµְλɣӵйµȨˣ£ԻᴦȻ֮ĹϵҲʮָӣĿȫ㶨
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Ƶ˸޹ؽҪ⣬ȫõ˼СʲôʱҳΪ°
׷ʵƽһ۵ƶеԻ󣬵㵱һС㵱ң
⻹һ𣿴СֻҪļɣģȻҲԼĿģΪ˴С㣬Ѿ˵ˣһشСľǿСģҲмЩɵķõС㣬Сļɣ
˵Ѿߵǰ̴еӭ磬ɷǺţҺѾܵǴƵĽˡ
Ʊôһ΢ϼǷһ˿аȵЦݣ˵ʸ÷Կܣ΢̬̲סһ׷󣬿ȴûиһŷƵһЦ뿪ǵſڡ
ƷҲһû뵽ҾȻ˵߱ߣղŵ̬ʿԵκˣȴݾҾȷЩøУΪȷڲͬ
ߵſʱ·ùźұ££ϣܺú׷֮⣡
ſһ٣΢һЦңȻףС㾡ģ
˵ձ뿪㷿·еʵɫв֪Ϊλ֪˵û밲Ȼ˼檣ֻҵɽ¼Ϊɽ֮ȻҲ٣ĵģֻǸɡȴֶһңصӣڱΪȴԼǿԼҲ֪ΪλĻΣĵײԸΥ˼ǲ⣬֪˾ԲǷˣ˳⣬ֻˡ
ôⶼһĿ֣ҳΪһ̿ʼעҪƽˣ輧֮׵ķҲ˵תһѾҵľ籾ʼݺϷˣ




094 ¹

߳󣬾ͿСվ棬ߵǰЦСԺҿɾǹˣ֪𣿺Ǻǣ
СŴĿȻŵСˣ
΢һʼǵȻˣ˵ˣС϶µģôС
һӣССһǵӣ治֪Сô£
ҺٺЦҽгңܿҪĿڽҳˣ֪С
СҲŲأҾͽң
ͷĵŶǾˣҲãԵ׽С
СҿûĻ˫ΣһڣæܿˣҶСٻӰ΢΢һЦﵹͦϲСģԭûнСǿϧˣĻܷŹҪЩŮȫҸ
Ҵҡڵ˳Щ˿ҵǹ죬ܾԼеٻˣСѾˣѾҵ¸ˣȪɳɫѿ˻Ȩֶ˸˳ǵķ롣
СԱȥճСֺЦôôƫƫճЦңͦܶ˿ĵġ
ûãƱ˳ԻһŮڶʮ䡣ò쳣ᣬǳһӣҹ͸һɷɧзϣ޶ˣضǶС㶭ˣ
ֻӽλңӣǸŵĹ£ŹɳȽһЩһ³£ԺΪǷֵһֹ̫࣡
˶ǹصлС㣡
ǵлǼлȻֻԼ֪ˣ֪ϷͿˣΪȪɳԻңһߣ
Ҫı¹ѻˣҪúõǶǲм۽ңǵʱһʼעˣҵ̫ˣԶЩŮҲкܴɱˣߵħͽ䰡
⵽ɳߵ澴˸ɫģǸСӦСˣ鷳ҪŮԸˣȸҸˣ
͸¶ƤЦ⣬ƺ뿴ôӦڵĺܶ£һֻ۱һֻ۵ģΪֺ󣬿ɨһЩˣˣڶţҾ͵Լδţˡ
ȪҽҵĹȴССȥܽҪ£ҺÿȥϤ
һЦССҵģ˭ճеϲճš
΢΢ԥʱŵıС֣ߣ߱ߵСҽܽܣȫȪɳǣҾƺͶ궼û뿪ұˣ΢͸¶һΣʵ˵ӵǸʲôˣҲһҲ͸
ǾˣƶûʲôʩΪҸע֪ƻĵٹӶһ£ԲǼС¡
СеΣҸ˳һЦĵܳˣЩһܲˣȪɳǺˣҵСɰ
û뵽СҵĻǴ󾽣˵ʲô˵Ҿ͵Сȥһ״ˣ
һС¡ӵǧҪСôôģ찡
С̲סЦôôܲ㣡
һָȻ΢ЦСʵЦͦÿģ㳤úƯΪʲôҪŮװأ
С˼ϲֲ˼๫ô𣡡
һЦݵ๫ܹ´λŮװɣҸҴ㴩ŮװԲЩ輧
СߣҿûȴҵŮ˭ϲĻʹеԵСҲ⣬΢е㺦ߵĵƭˣ϶ǸܻƭŮӵĻ
ͻȻһ˵ĲҾһԸһĻҲһƭŮӵαӣ
СͻȻһ˵ĻŪһһģһֵСҽܽܣ¸Щʲôɣ
˵˸ǰš
СŮӣִŮӣԴ𽻵ҸоܺãĴģеôҵĻСһܾ˵Ļ󶼺ܸһĺ壬ȷһĻҪαҪõöˡ
С˦˦ףýԼôе֣ңŪеֲ嶫ˣңĺرѾԶæֹͣ˺˼룬첽ҡ
һϴķ䣬вٸ輧ڣɫˣϴĶǻݳһֻֻĺһ㣬ʰ쵣ĿϾӣһƬʻ֮С
С֪ôĿֱЩĸ輧ûУ
оȻԼûֵζȻע⵽ˣȻЩ輧ƯǻûҼ˶ľɫޣҪҳԣǲܵģҵΪɲǸǵģ
ҹһЦЩ輧ע⣬΢ЦЩĸ輧һۣ˫ֶС򻨴йƬҶճҲֻǾѣ⣡
СЩ輧ıǾʰǾȵŴĿңҸղʫǳҺȻһЦЩ輧³ңԺǸŵĵλ£λСˣ
СԴӵһۣЩ輧Ȼһص·Ӣ̸ţΪղһʫҿ࿴ˣұҿǸףµģһƬһ㣬ȥʣȻĺҵ뻹ˣеǻᣬҲؼһʱ
Щ輧ǵλȷǷǳȣߵСû˵ʲôǾ֤˵ĵȷʵˣ˫ĿעңŮעӵĸоͦҺҿǼģô᲻Ȼأ
ҾȸˣСΪҽҵĹɣ
ҶС΢΢һЦת̤뿪һСҵıӰһ۱Щ輧ӣΪ֣ƽʱȪɳǺܹĽСһС㣬ңȻֱӽССҲûʲôǶɻ󲻽⡣
գҪˮ·ﰵҸպøϣһˣҾͺһӦƸˣܶͷŶȪɳǶָԼ˰æ˻ҲһЩЩ輧ʦȻ͵˴
Сߵǰһĵ£ôĻﶼûᣬÿ㽫ᵽϣʱ
кЦСᾹȻǰҫϧҲһףøһ
ĵ˵Сǰɣû֣ѵҪԸЩ𣿡
Сһƣ˽ȷ̫ӣܶ˶ǽСģвмΪҲ֪ɳһȡ
СԲɵͲôģ
һֻۣǵҽᣬûҵĻô찡
Ǹ˵̬𣿡
СˣҲŲںأҿɳˣֱӶǵιǼҰĶϴȥ
ǼˣֱӴ߹СٺȳңȴͻȻԱһƣѾվǼǰҲмǽʲô֣ȻӱµʲôʱĹˣ
һ˹ɳµˣɳ»ҪȥȥԼŶԣ
˫һ̯Ĺ£˰
һ˳ЦǾǹԼˣÿ¶Լˣû˵ĻԼ£ٺ١
Щ˺޹˼ɵЦţͻȻСȻЩضǹ£ǹ£һҪЩ¶ôĵģ׻Ѳ·ӦҪСȥˣʴС㣬Щôض
ҵ䣬һ㶼СӣֱʣдźâֱСᣬһݣæرҵ񣬲ҿңȴɫࡣʣҲøոЩ˴˸սȻ亹
С֪Ƿ׿ϵĹ£ҪҰֵȥС㶭ҲסŭܿĲЩ˺ȵȥ£ѵҪ½𣿡
Щû뵽СҲô˵ûа취ֻÿʼɳȪҲԶţû뵽˲СӣôǺܲӣɳɫѿϾοֱѵˣ
ۿСһۣͬʱЩ˵Ժ˭ٸ˵ʲôԼĸµˣµĻһҪÿúý̽ʲôйأ
˵գ뿪
ߣЩһﶼȪɳ£ҾǹҪ￪ƺúһ¸ţɳɲǸ͵סӵҴѧԭȴ￪ˣ
ŵĴǷǳ֮󣬳Լʮɣ޳Լ࣬βΦһڴףһڴβ鷫Φм䴦Ǵգ㣬㽨ڼװϣײڼװ¡
ƺһݵĸ輧Ȼʵϲ㣬һĹŮסһ㡣ҸգСӭƲң㵹ͦˣ
ҲĵҲʲô˻أЩԷֳɣҪȥҿҲò˶þҪȫˣ
СϾǴڷߵģЩ»֪һЩģҲ޴ӷңҵһЦȻˣǾͲᷢЩ£ҪúһЩһԱ
Смƾ㣬Ϊ˭
ֿʼҾӢٷĳңӣҵСôһװҲ˵С㻻һŮװƯʱһףҿ
СԼңǰûã˵û¹κˣȴңе¼ˣֺ˵ʲôҵĻС΢һʲô££Լ¾ˣ£
˵ձ㼱뿪ˣҶٻӰǺһЦ㳯ȥȥҵķ䣬ֲ֪ļ䣬ҴʱСҲ·СֿңȻüͷߵǰС㣬֪µķںδ
СᷴǺҹȥֱӳڵ²˼ΪǸս¹£ûλµģȻûзֻҪȥײˣ
СһֻۣעŶ꣬ǶȴС˵֪ȷܳ谮С澣ͬʱҲ˵ҲǰڼӣΪǣ˲𰡣ֻǵĶԶС㣬Ǿ鷳Ϊڶһ
С۾һɵʲôΪȥһ
ҲһңƺСҲУҺµԼСĻ󣬶ע⵽ֻòŮ˵ֱǧˣ΢һԥСᣬȥ˵һһҪһϷ
ǡС㡭
Сỹ˵ʲôȴͻȻϵСĻˣôģأСòôģøԼݣҪӹϵŪˣ
㣡С㣬
СǶҺȳûҵĻϸȥΪ°ź÷䣡Сһ꾹Ȼȳ⣬Ļ˵ʲôԹĶһۣϲȥˡ
΢ǸȻһЦ˲£黳
ҵȻһЦûʲôСҲ۰ӣֻżҲҪܽһ£ȻһŶСݵǾͻ˶Сˣ
ǴȻóҵĻк壬û뵽ҸôֱӶ˵ЩҲ˲֮ɫ֪һЦǸС㣬˵ȽֱӣĨǣС㣬֣
һַƢֻӯӯһʩ񣬸뿪аЦ굹ȷǸŮҲǸŮӣСɳᣬȻڰ֧֣һֱȡƶ֮ԲŻ֧ɳ̸ţ߷ơ
ڻûӦô죬һһˣѵһҵҪĿݷƺСпܾʹ£ףԼⶭҿɣ




095 ޸

Լķ뻹ǺЦⶭôأɳȪֻôԸң֮£Ҹô취ȥأһǵȫİ취ʵ˵ҪŮһȽɳȪûֺ棬Ȼðöࡣ
ڴ϶ûʲô£Ϥһ¹µĹȪɳȻϵЩЩݶ۹⣬ҿɲΪǻͻȻתԡ
ڷ˼Сڷ⴫£СҪ㣡
һصŶСȽɣ
СƿţеĵΪʲôҽҾ͵ý
΢΢һЦ㻹ǽˣ
Сˣҳȥˣ
һ˺ˣҵС㣬㿪Цô棡
Цֹ
ߣʶȤСҪ㣬ɣ
СϴҵʲôСҪңȻȥ
СˣˣСɱǴС㣬ȥ
ߵСԣͻȻ㻬ЦСӦûŮװʵͦƯģ
Сû뵽˴󵨣Ȼ΢һ£ҷƢȴҵ漴е㽿㴽ﻹûȥ
װεҡҡͷΪʲôͲҵأû˼ˣ
˵һı˳ȥСС΢죬૵ôƯޡң㻵ˣ˵һ̵ˡ
תǴЦСǺܿɰϣܿŮװӣеߵƵķſŵС㣬ңˣ
ɣ£
ƵĵŶ룬Ȼ˳ֹšڷǰһЦݵ֪СʲôҪ𣿡
ƽĵİһ۵óû취ǲ˽гȴƣ÷ƵšǰǱ˵ȷƣڷȴҪȳ£һĸԸ
ЦЦνһｵһɣǴȻķνж֮пĶڸ
˵Ƶͷһ˵ƺúܶ࣡
Ҳûʲôֻʶˣ˵Ṥ
ֵһûʲô˲ӣڷȴôò񰡡
ƺһ۵ǳ£ǲǸ̸ˣµ׸ν֮أ
Ц£֮죬ʹǷҲǳ¶һ˿ŵЦݵС㲻Ѿ뵽һ취𣿡
Ʋ⣬΢üȷǱһ֮ѹֻ˵ʩüҲǱ̬ŮͻȻһ˵ƻϢ͸¶Ƶĺýã
ǣ
΢ͷ¸ˣɻĵĻϢһй¶ȥʱ¡
¶һĨЦݣʹ಻òϣǰӾĶ
СҪģԭƻ߶С㶭ˣҲ㱾Ŀģа취ö겻й¶ȥоԵİգ¿ڣ
ƽĵȴǿҵţԼԵ޷
΢ף˼һᣬû΢ڣ¶һѩ׷۵ϸһ԰ķ̣ڸڣΪǲϣڳȹ֮¶ǶԾӨ͸㣬ƺȾһ㳾
ıͦñȽֱĸ¶ͤͤͬɻһȾƺǴӣСĶ뷲ЩȨĻҲ뷨跨˶˵Ů˽
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һ㶼⣬ȻһЦûпνɫɲͣҶûֺ֮˵أ
ҵĳȻĿ޿ڵɫɲͣǶص䣬ǳ٣ңΪʲôÿÿ˵Ļ÷Ķأ
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ҹһЦС㣬ҷƢ𣿻˵Ļ̫ȻС㲻ϲµ磬ܿߣҳңɲ᷸Ƥ
Һη壬ֻǵЦſŷƣͻȻչһЦ΢ˣѵͲ÷ֻһÿηǰԼǱŵСһ㣬ʲôģ
΢һʼСǷǳ֮ˣȻҲǴС⣬ҳңһǿŮӵˣҲȢС㣬źһİСһ˲һҪõֻҪҸǾ㹻ˣ
ҳһСͰԭ룬Ϣ͸¶С㡣ңȸˣ
˵ղƱ뿪ˡһãȴдŵԵɫʣֻһ˲һҪõֻҪҸǾ㹻ˡң㵽ʲôˡ
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Ȫûκα仯ȻЦúúãǾ´Σų£
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дŵҰԵģٸҵһࡣŮǰЦȻһڴ˴ͷ羰
΢Цһ֪Ůշأ
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ЦߵģҲ˺ģ˲˸ݺңֻýƾͼˣСһ֮ˣھ㶯к𣿡
ҵĻȻ뵽ΪʲôףͻȻҪҪ磬Ͼܻˣ̴㡭
˸ƣߵСҲ֪ô˰ɣС͵û·һһжңһӦõĽѵлС
±ҶߵŪöҲˣϼ߲ѣȴܣǶкøУ΢΢е㵣ϾҶ²ûʲôҲ˵ǵһ档Ҳ֪ǣҿѵʱƮ֮ˣԼ̸¼Ǿʫ䣬ѾеĶ
֪˰㣬ȴֳ˵гһжУǶҺ档뿪ߣԣЦС㣡
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ʮ־ҵı֣ȴ˸ӵĸ飬֪ʵ̫ˣղŸһģʱңĽķ




096 ڼ

ʵҲⶭףǵģԶݺ֮£Ҳǣ˵ףǶȨ׷ԼŮӣϾʱŮΨһеҵǸţһΪĸ輧Ȼǵֶе㲻̫ãǿԭģ⣬ϾҲֻ޿ĿŮӶѡ
Һ÷ӦûûߣҾռȻ֮Ĺϵ粻֮࣬Ҳŷƻûо˵ˣҿİģҪ̫ˣڵƲûʱôӣǺʵģһǺаյģϾ֮⣬ԭдͬԭҲɻкߵԭ򣬵ڵķƾֻǳԼʼ룬ȻҸҿ϶ҪҲ϶ձݺˣΪǲԼźģһҪڵǰ㶨ƣ
ԭûȢƣҾúܿϧҶϣԭ
գףȻ֣ϾȻһ㶯ûУ¶⣬²Ҳûȥףķ䣡
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ߵĵţһۿǰСָһЩŮʰһһͻȻСԵҵСڸأ
ͻȻʵСһе㾪δСԼؿڡ
ңôͻȻ㲻֪𣿡
СʵһνЦϲô𣿡
Сƫ׵˭㰡
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˵տٵ֪ܿǲΪŭǺС
ˣСָ۽ȴ͵ȥķ򣬾䣬ͻȻһΪʲôǲϻŮװأ
СתŵˣҹһЦһƵˣԱЩֵ澶ǿЦ⣬ЦСߵĶһ㣬е㵸ܿҽең
ͷģܵ輧ѵĴȥˣΪֻи輧ʦȥڹȻҲȥΪһҪ˵£Բ̫ܻȥǣҲҿɲһһôΣ
УֻһЩ輧ףȻУȻٲˡҿǶǳͶ룬ƺﵽҵľ磬ϾҪݵúãǾͱ뽫ԼУԱһӦø̨Ա
ʱֻһϣ̴ŮߣķװЩ輧ͬʩŷ죬Ӧ꣬òζʮ㣬ұЩŮӶ˷ݳɧģû´ӦþұֱЦŴкã
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ȴϵĿҵԸ⣿
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Ҳÿɷֻǵ·ң֪վüġʯΪŲõĽСһ׳ң˻ǶϷʵθ֮ԣ
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и輧ǾȵĿңû뵽ҾȻɣҵĻҲһֻԽǶң˽⣬ʹԽǲ˽⣬˾һţνӦʼҵһоԻ󲻽⣬ⷴʹ֮ġ
ûǾȵԹԵߵһԣһԵĹ٣ڷڼϣʱСͼŹ٣ƾ֪ҪһĿǾ֣ߵԣСҲĿžȵȵȸӵɫҡ
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СңǷҲǲ緭˵Ĵһ㣬ľþòƽҵĸƺ֮УйҵһжֳСǸӵĴĵ׷ĸо
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097 ǿ

ȻˮǰУɫˣ羰续Ѿ䣬תΪľѾʼ׷Ҷػشػ
ϵȻÿյĹȻⲻҪůŰɫë£ɫǵΪԵʣ΢΢죬ȴڰۼ͸ֶҵı󣬰͸죬ڲͬ
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ͻһң΢΢أǷ˶ļͦ΢΢ţڼʱ΢΢졣
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һЦ£쵯ĸʵǷǳ´δ˶˵ĸӶڲͬǳأ
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һȫûˣֻܿУƾԼ貨΢ЩУ࣬Щɱֻаһ˱Ծ߽ʹֻܷأʹ˸صİк
һóΧ̤ŲòݴӸְԼ͵Ϯ֮¶֪ȥɲУһƽʽǿϱһû˺ǵİΧƾٶĳ˳ȥ
ЩɱֱϾϽˣȵúܣŵ÷ǳ׵˴߰Уż˲׷ңеΪʲôǵҳһƬӣ־Ȼ֪Ѿܵһ֮ϣͬͱһ㣬ͬʱڰģҲ˵ȥʱץסʲôǲܵģ·Ǽĺˮ
һԴеƵѹǲˣǶĵμΪϤȴûȥϸ̽ĵΡв˳˳ҰΧס
һνЦݣһ۵ɱңûôףǲģݰݣ
˵Ƕһ㣬˵ĻϾˣΪ˵󣬱ת˴ˮС
ֻͨһѾˮСˮʮּҳͷתģҺѾﵽ쾳磬ȻʧȥһȻԭ壬ֱӽ̥Ϣ״̬ͨƤë
û뵽ﲻˮҸֽʯҲǷǳĶ࣬ʱʱľһ鵲·ʯͷˮǱȽȫΪУΪʲô⿪ӡһôʵİɣʵԼĿģȻ磬ѾӡһҾͲᶯˣͬʱҲǶһֿ飬Ҫʲô¶ǿ޿ƥеԼȥ
ҵǾģȻҺܲҵıײ˺ü£ҶǱЩľʯҲֻƤˣû˵ͷ࣬Ǵˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҵһѣĸо֪ʱʧȥַӡԼ壬Ҳֻһ˴ڵѣȻҪҵǲ̫ܵģΪ̫Ҹô
ˮƺûˣҿסԼΣֱӴܵˮ棬һĹȣΧŸҰ磬кܶľвľҲ̦֮ľ·ǳ֪ôᱻ嵽ˡ
΢һеǱͬʱѾȫʪ͸·Ĺ̽ȥţȴѾһƬŨУֻֿܿɼ֮ΧȫһƬʣֻܴ¿һе棬ΪҸоһ˵Ϣһָҡ
һᣬͻȻŨʧһ㣬һͷһƬ˼İͬεǽһ㽫߸ǰʲôҲƺһƬסһһطصԴܾһ㡣
߽ǰţŷԼһΡɽ壬е֣ôɽΪɽ汻һƬΧţֻ¶һ֣ͬڿеɽһ㣬߽ƬȴͻȻֲԶһʯһĶ
ҺߵԱߣһӡ̵֣һַǳϵ֣ʯ֪ųõʷǲ֪ΪʲôЩϵҾܿף
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رҵ֧֣
VIPͿָ֧ҵĶ߶õˣллһֱ֧֣Ϊǵ⣬ԲŲòϵڲŸVIP
ΪVIP1·ݻʽָ£Ϊ˱ҵ֧֣֮ǰдС˵ңѰش롶ңֳΪҪҵˣھͿʼҹӦĩԼʼ˼ҵƣĺæʱ˽ºһᾡ½ڲ
лλ֧ˣ㡷һֱŬдϣܾдԲص̫̣ص̫࣬ҶǩԼˣ̫࣬ҿҪ⳥ΥԼģԸ̫⣬ĺˣ




099 սͼ¼

ʯҵе㾪ȣû뵽ҾȻܴﵽֻþ֮Уͷ˵νֻþͬһ㣬˵ڣֻͬһռ䣬ֻһǡʱ͵صŻڣͬνɾһ㡣
Ҳ˵ǡʱһǡĵص㣬ôڣֻþ֮УΡɽ壬ɽˣνɽ֣һͳһ㣬ΪĻ˼ȻҿɲΪٵģܸоһһ㡣
Һԥ˳Ÿоֱ֮Уûþͱҷɽۣɽҵĸоʮ㣬ЩߴĹľʱҲģ˵ǸӾԶģ
˳ɽɽҵһθоƣߵһСɽϣһʯºúϢһᣬϢһ£ҺѾ쾳磬Ҳǳ˵ǽܵͺˣ΢һϢͻָˡ
ߵɽԣ¿ȥȫǰΧȫ棬ԶȥҲ޷徰ɽ˹ɵģȷʵȻγɣΪûκ˹ھĺۼò̾ȻĹ񹤡
һоϢ÷ǳѸ٣ƣ˲ָֻýŲӯԣãҾȫ䳩죬ƺһ·񱼶ȥ
ʹ貨΢ӯ̤ŲƮٶȷǳ죬Ȼɽֱǰɽ嶥ҵǰҵǵԽԽߣԽϣԽĿΧƣһ㣬ɫһƬ
ǴֿɼֻһƬֻżľ޳һܿûаʵе֣ᶼǻþɣʶ΢΢̽죬֮ȴǷǳ档
ҼӰѾװ˵һ㣬ֱͬɽȥҸо죬Ȼû֧֣ȴоʲô⣬ƮҶһ㣬ƺһ㣬Уҽûκͣ٣֪˶á
ɽ嶥ʱͬƼһ㣬ЩƵİɽ֮£ͬ꣬ʣкѮȴһҲۣʱҲŷɽ嶥Լһʺ繰һɽ塣
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תһɽ¹սǣӡģȴһͬɹһľ޴󹬵ƺƾõʷΪڵſڵȴ֦ƣɫ̦һ㸲ʯǽϡ
⹬ƺһ㴣ڴ˴ҲǷǳľ޴󣬾ĿҲκһҵĻʹҪҺҵǳУҾţ֮ǿʯŸƿһλҲУһ̽ء
һ㳡һһƬյأмһͨڵʯ·ɫܿ滹ӡŻƣȻѾ̫ˣֻ΢΢ܿóԭĴ̬
ߣʯţЩʯͷƷ绯һ㣬ӦǷǳԶˣֱ˽ȥʵǺܴʯ·ͨ˴һ㣬ܹΧвٸߴڵ̻Ի̨ͣͤ¥洦ɼ
еͷ￴·ʮ֮࣬鷳ǾڻõʶɢûˣЩΡĹڶǿյģҲûȤȥˣֻѰԼָоȥ
΢ǰһ·ǡ¡¡֮ԼУʶѰǰУ˼ڵ֮һͬʹڻ԰ĵطʵ̫ˣִĹ԰һ㣬˵ǻ԰ҲֻΪڹڵ԰ڵȥĹ԰ˡľУƺ̺صİأǬˡ
һ󷨣ȻҶҲ漰ôӵ󷨣ƺûҶ󷨿ɲǺУֻʶ̽·ʮָӣݾʮһ㣬һСģпܻ󷨷仯һ㡣
ʶ̽·ҵľΪܴﵽľ磬ЩѲңоյ߹һƬ԰һ׷Ѱǰ
ߵһߴʯţƿʯţȥµĹΧͬͥԺһ㣬涼деʻԱƹӵߵǰֺ澹ȻǿɽڣƶʯСĵɽǰ
ֻһٲɽǰ¡¡ٲŷٲǰһ̶һ㣬Աһˮ˳ȥߵ˴ɽ±ߣ˳ˮˮ·ɽͻһԱߵС
ҵֱңٲ棬Ϊҷٲиն̽һˮд󣬱ó콣һ;ǿ˵ȥ֦ҶһŸӡ
ҺԼĽӦսʱĵһŸ˰ɣͬҲǵһγŸɣųŸˣʯ·ϣͬʱ÷һٱܶȥӽ̶ˮʱһŸˮһ壬ֱûס
óŸԭҵӯӹˮԼʮɣͬʱһֳڸ˶ҽڸ֮ϣһнװ˵һ㣬Ϊǵٲ³ѹҽԾĸ߶ȶ΢һ㡣
һͷײٲ˫ֻͷ׹˺һֻ־ˮͻƶ룬ȻǸ󶴣ϽסΣ㰲ȫŵأŸոЩɵ·ǺʪˣҵƶҲôǬóһ·
г˿ٲĳڻеߣطһƬڣ޹ߣҴǬóֵͲôоеƻһҺǬУֻҪԸͿ൱ʱ侲ֹһ㣬Բ»©磬Ǹ¿Ƽ̫ܳ
һͨµʯʯԽԽȥˣڿߵͷһ˿æ˹ȥһΪտͻϣľȻһص׺ص׺Ʊһ޴Ҷ֮ڡ
Ҷʮʮɵĸ߶һ㣬ܱϳ滨ݣұʱѿ󶴣ص׵Ȫ屼γʮɽٲεΪۣһг˶
Щȣұѷ֮УӦлɽŻˡֻⲻɽˣ棬ͻʯϣ¿ȥǵص׺ƺǳ䣬ð˿˿žνˮã̩ôһۣ
ĳһ޴Ĺư磬ѷǹҾĻƺЩϤǾ뼸ԶĵеգһΪУҲУѵˮҲˡ
ΣֻпӾȥˣҲ̫Զ˰ɡ˿Ծ£ͬʱſ˫ֻۣͨһѾˮУˮ¶ȼ̹ͣǣǰңҵȻİӷˣ
ˮеǳ֣̬죬Щ㻹ᷢŹ⣬ҵĸоһ㣬ЩˮУ磬ζѸ٣뵽ˡǳ̲ӥաʵѧǴ
ν˸ν֮ߣˮҵͬԱҵʩͬһ㣬Ťҡţ˫Ųˮ˫˳ˮᲦ󣬿ǰСڵˮеһ㣬ƺˮһ㡣
ͻȻһͻپΪΧ㣬ǳٵӴܿȥ콣ǰ̾ɿֻ֮һĹҴĿſѪڣҪ̻һ㡣
ҰһѸһ׽ʯԣǹζر죬ֱҽ̤ڽʯ֮ϣ˫ս֮ת𣬽תǰóͬʱˮΧڵͬһֱǹ
ǹǰѾرܣһ㣬⺮âһѾͬһǰǹܵشҿɲᣬнתֱĽʯԽΪģһʩչ¾ŽһԴ
̺ɫҺľӿѧšơвƵľһ㣬̫֮һСУ˳ƴһǹʬԶ
ͬʱˮ֮ĵȥò׵˵ϣڰߺúϢһ£㳯Ǿ޵ȥͽĵϣƺΪһʯһͨһʯףһСֽˮУһֻ޴ʯڽݵףۻɶ칤ͦΩΩФġ
һĽݣǧϣӵһҶԣȻˣת˲ţܿұǰųţ˵žʮ־޴ƾڵλȥҲֻпʵ
ֻڴһ޴ʯң֡սÿֶԼôһʯǰʵԵСͬȻһ㣬ǰ
սʱһϲû뵽û뵽ֻþڵɽоȻսҳܸ̾ԼԵ⣬ѾˣǰΪʲôʦûղսͼ¼û뵽սͼ¼սȻֻþ֮УѵħʦǻѵҲڻ磿ҲǻĴ֮һʦôŪսͼ¼أħ۰
ȻΪʲôڡѰؼǡлսͼ¼һԿ϶ģǾΪֻþʱղڣôϵþĿռݣһȱڰڣҲƬԽҴֻþڣû뵽˺ãþ֮ھȻս
ϸһºһͬһޣǾ;ԲˡžֱǴˣھ˹һ㣬޵ڿռ伫߼㣬ҵȷоǳ𺳣ϾҲǵһμ˾޴Ĺ
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类޸һ㣬ڲһһֻһɼĸ߱ÿ߶˵ĸʮĸϵǸΪʮŸǸ񣬵񹤾̻һּСϸߵ񣬿һĹӾƬѿ˵ĺϽǴǶ£ֱ½һѪĴÿƬԣ϶д졢죬ֱһء
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ھ޴ʯµһ࣬ʯڣղҹŸпûȥע⣬ҲܹˣϾȷ൱𺳡ֻϥǽӰ࣬θ߹šתһԣׯϣ̴΢Цͷ·ѻˣǼһ㣬Ѿתɽ֮˰ɡ
ҲϾǹʦǻƵ۵ʦԼ׻ɶԻƵ֮ʦأҵʶӦǹǰǹ崫ģΪԵˡ
ִأϿһС֣[֤ڴ]ָֻڡˡһʵȥƾȻǹĵҲɼӲʯһ㣬Ȼܵõ֮ˣѾģֻǲ֪ڵĹˣ񵽴֮أ
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һ̫һ̫̫ΪһСɴС⣬ȥ⣬֣֣֮֮ؼ޾оࡣ
νΨһʵҲһƣֻ޾κ谭ɰ棬
Ѿ֮ǽ֮ѧϰսͼ¼°빦ڵ˵Ｋط䡱Եøģ֮֮һ㣬ıϡ
̨ʶе棬֮档Ҳ֪Ǵӵſڣһ̤Ͻݣſڣ˫ҵĺ󱳡
ƺǸ֮ͨֻԲ֮ȫɫĺףβⳤӶͷرٴ綥ֻǰ㣬ͷ߷ֱۣߣǿױƽ𣬾޿ڽţ̶룬봫˵е߷ơ
ڴ˵ħˣû͵Ϯңңв޵⣬ҵͬڻ֮һ㣬ڴʱ˫ۣתħ˫ֶָƴؼľһ㡣
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ħƺܻãХһ뿪УºȥҴдȻҳԲԶνǷǳмͨħһֱսܽ˴֮˱ԵߣҪˣȴȫͬϵϢɢȻͬȻͨһֲ˼֮ʣЩȻΪڵľΪǻ֮ħ˵иУڵҿȻвͬܡ
ҵʶսͼ¼ݻΪ̫һһպգ࣬Ϣ֮УϢ֮ڡ߹̲Է⣬಻־ַйζʱζشӴ˳֮Ϊ죬򷴣䣬·봦롣
֪˶ãҴʶսͼ¼ѾˣѾֵԼʼ仯ڣزһ̫ħʱ˲ٺйʵֵ㣬Ҵһºɣúóҵգ
ħԹԵһԣһЩ֧ܵľʲôģЩֵͬʱѧսͼ¼۹ϣһˣȻϴһһ֧һЩȼĲľ˻𣬺úÿ㡣
ͬʱħŪʹʵҧУֻɿڣζʮֲЩɶЧǲɶãôҸоǡơеѪһ㡣
һЩʵ󣬱רĿ㣬ŨĿ㣬̽ħ˹ֻƿң¼㣬ֱӶĴ˹ȥħֱӽס㣬̾׽ʱʱĽм
ҺǺЦЦʼԼŬսȻζû뵽ĹζĳһͣħԱܵˮУϷʢ£ʼϰӵлΪѧϰսͼ¼Ӧ֣ҳߵľΪᳵ·㣬ųɹ
һУ಻ͬǧãȻԴǹһҲһУľʯ죬ǳҺ죬֮һ֮ؾΪҶᡣ
ҵȫУȵûиı䣬ƾƯУâ֮ƺһΧҵҵƺģԱΧǸָϵǺҷ·ը·𿴼ӵγɡ޹ͬޱߵһת֮ʵ֮֮֮ҵ鳩С
ħĤҵĽһ㣬õ֮ɣسɷׯưһУҵȻڿУҵ˫ۻƽ޲彥İڵ棬վӣ˿ڵԼоһظҾҲйĸܣ֪ԼİҮʶԼʶϻԵʣѾսͼ¼ˣڵңѾû书Ҳ˵ӵ书Ѿȫںϣսͼ¼ҲںΪһӵֻԼĹ书
ұȡһ֣ͽ[ң]ɣֻҵĹг죬ֱӶħߣǵȥԣ
˵˷ܵ˳ȥħ̸ңһ˲ӹɿ⣬ӯת۱֮ϣ޴ĵص׺һ
ΪǿУȴо˿û˷һԪֶǿƥĵ糤һ㣬޿ƥֱ֮ˮУˣͬʱ˫ֳƣһţˮӲм䱻˿γһտֱͨҽǸڡ
ԼҲΪ̾ǰҵҪѣǰѧҪˣǿǷǳѣֻԵᴩˮУͬʱΪǽȻǿôܲҾ̾жжȻֻƾǿǽӲֳһ
ջؿƵˮֺϲǧ˻ƲӿĴ󺣣ܵ籩Ű쳤Цһӥչ߿գ̤սſڣָΪĽָԸվ֮ǼӲʯˡ赽һΡ߸֣




100 ң

ڵľѾȫˣңҵĹսͼ¼ΪѧںԻΪһµĹڵʵﵽ̶ֳһ̫Ϊ޷ԣܲȥ԰ɣղôһܴﵽǵȥѾǾˣ
ҴХйе˷˿ħԵѾɣ֪Ѿ˶ãҸˡأһ𣿡
ħХƲһ㣬ҡҡͷ·˵Լ뿪
һ±Ȼ˵Ļɣ´뿪ʱһ߰ɣҲҵħҲ˵Ȼ￴սˣʱҴһȥҲʦڣҪҵӦòѣ
ħƺҵ˼ĺ˼ҺǺһЦǾɣ뿪ˡʱֱ𣬵뿪ʱߵģټˣ
ת̨ףڶȥħһԸУҽ㣬αУӺûκͣ٣ƮȻڷжȥħˮǱУʱԾˮ棬һڣͱ֮
ڿЦټˣ
ڵһ㣬ڣ˳ŵصأת۱ڴվڶڣ˫˾⿪װֱµٲˮͬܵεһ㣬зֳһӣҵٲ⡣
ڿУֿƷ綯ת̶ˮ֮ϣƽһ㣬վˮ֮ϣȻĲ۵ףڲ֪Ѿ˶ˣǿܶأҲӦٵˣȥɣ
Ϊһ㣬ӰѾ뿪˴ԾУ䣬Ѿֱ뿪ģתһ룬֪ʲôϹŹзǳļֵǵĶͷҲûʲôãҺˡ
һһƬ⻯ȻǰͬʱԼĿȥܿ㽫ֵǮĶȫùˣȫ˳ַǬУǳĵͷȻҲ̰ƣҲûãң˵Ժôأ
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ܿұŵأǸ߸ߵƲ㣬ʵǸпǧսͼ¼ǻС˵翵飬ΪҲǿһ飬ϾǿħȰΪҵ˴ҽʶֳһ㣬ڴ˴˱־ԺҪʱԼأʱҲҪ뿪ˡ
һߣڷƵĸУơСǽСģڵʱʲôôʧȱʲôƵģܵúܡ
ӦֱˣұͺкøУѾˣͻȻʧ϶ʲô£ϳüչɫΪ㲣һǡ
Ȼ̹ȻȴûеףҵͻȻʧ٣ʹͻȻоĻţ˵֮У类ѹһʯƺѹе㴭аԩң治֪ǲϱǷ㡭ɡ
ǳ֣ңôʱʧˣǳ֣ף氵룬ѵɳɱɱңĵоɲ
ʱСż֮ǰʵϣҵ𣿡
ڳŮӶǹעƺеԲĸоǿһЦѾԸȥˣȻûҵ£˵ǰ˼´Ҵҳ˴˳ǣ
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΢ҡͷ˵֪£
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101 Ӳʩϣ

Ը߾书ˣڴϿɲΥҵ˼ˣʶǺŵ书˭ҸԣҴúѵΪѾȫ̼ƻˡ
˸ǴͨͬʱǬЩҩڶǵĹȪɳѾҸߣܵ˷ƵĳͷŵȨˣҷҲڰ֧ҽиڲһж˳
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࣬Щһ׽ƺɻ䣬ֱпҵļĵ֪ңѾˣЩ˶ԴƣĪʹ࣬װһ˵ĸо
С㣬ôҶᱣ֤㰲ȻͬʱöСİ࣡ĺˣ
˵ͬʱס衣̧ףҵƻ˽ʮ꣬һΰһӣôڲͬ㵽ʲôˡ
֪ƿ϶ɵģ˾ôܲע⵽ءҵӵ˵ܱ֤ưȻ˵ôţƺκȨУĪ书÷ɻ󡭡ңƾʲô㵽ʲôأ
ҵݺҪ𣿡
ҺܵȻĴæҡ׵ʲôݣƶԸһ𡣷ֻǵģϾЩȨ֮뾡취ҪõƣǷƸ޷֮ͬĻǷĺǺ档
ܸоõƶҶ飬Ȼδ԰ΣѾңһҪ鹦ǵͬᵽ˶ԷжԶԷĸ飬ʱԷļ尾ԼίСʹڷһУԼеļ¸ݸ顣
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ֵĿҵıӰҵĻңƺھ׽ҸղŵĻҵĵ֮һᰲźһеģѡΣҶ㡣ϣǰһ𰸡ҵʱҲȥֻһҽ뿪Ҷ˵ˡǲôҶԶ䣡
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뿪ıӰ֪ʲôߵ棬ȴһ벻ɫС΢΢һЦκҵݣʱʱԻ˵ģ𣿡
֪ղһֱ͵ҵˣΪҵó̺ܿҪˣǼѾûıҪˡ
Сҵǡ
ָ㴽ϣЦһ飬Сȷʵĸܵ飬߲ѡҸС۵ҶҲĵģС
һǣ뿪һɫȴ۲ѵСţһƳյվڷ⡭һ硭




104 æһ

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ָģȻνĻǮЩ輧ҹˣҲϣԼοڼȻִҾ;Щˣ
˶٣΢һµȴС󣬱ɶСţȵǶĴƯӣԸ˵һΪǰźһУǼ޸ɾ⣡
һò輧ңƺϣʵٸˣԺܸų𣿡
΢΢һ㣬ʵ˵⻹治̫ûشǣѵǶ˼𣿲ɣЩ輧ҪǸңǲһֶôŮˣ
ƳԵǱôļȵԺǲٹʱԻΪǰźãʱųӣҲģ
𣿳ӣ̫ˣ
Щ輧ƺǳˣеˣû뵽ᷢչزƣȴЦ뿴Ϊѡ
ҿһһٴδԺžǴıţ׼κҹ֮£ҪŮԣǾ͵ȽԺãԺҳı֤ûκ˸Ҷǣ𣿡
ɣݷԣڵĸܣڼֻһͷʾס
ܺã¹ؾôˣҵݣʱ֪ͺˡһǰ뿪ȥعӭǣ
ҰԼļƻ˵һЩ
ڸǻȥʱˣع»Ҫȥһ֮£Ǹ鷳ĴС㣬ҵҪ˭ҵŮˣ




106 Ϊ

ǰ뿪Ȼ뿪ǰ²һ˵黰·ղҡ뿪ǰһ죬꾹ȻңЩɻ档
ȿʵСʲô𣿡
¶һɬЦݵڳǰأԭǰ֮£
ҡͷС㲻˿ȻҵݵȷͦǸģҲôˣҲֶС㣬׶СĿԣСһֱϣܸϳϴС㣬ܳΪһϾϣŮеҵҲֻиˣ
ĬĬҵĻκ˵úܶԣû뵽˽ľȻǰǧټݺˡʵںܶԲӡꡭ
ִϵ⣬ʵĺס
ʱһݳʣҼϧ֮ˣô᲻ء
ץֵȴС֮󣬸žͽˣʱͿʵԼˣʱʲôɵĵģԺκ˸ҶţǾ͵ʹҳ裡
ﲨתԣ˽һҺܵȻĵСʲô
ཫ῿ҵļͷɣҪᣬ֪㲻̰ͼɫС㶼ǳˣôɫ
Ұ꾹Ȼô׼ŵ֮ɫĵ֪Լ䲻ϳɣϣһԵ꽫ܻ룬źˣ
ҡͷ̾ˣҲǰôǸŵ£Ҳ֪һЩǰȷǺܷŵǰҴЩ£ҳΪˣĴűز٣
Сܼݲܽܣںǰ
һеϣĿҵɣԸһֱĵ׵Ļ𣿡
ʵǶֻףʵǿŮӶѣӵȨᣬŮֻ棬űһˣҺףԶݺңҲǡҰĿϧı֣§磬أ
꿿һУ߽ʵ֪ǳĺúǰô㡣ǰܳΪӣΪ˵ǸӢۣŮӣȫͬӡ
κŮӶеİӣҲˡǽģʧȥǷݴĸ飬ڸȨΪܸõڸȨģΪ֪ԼһϣʵԼе롭
ϧĶͷһµܿȥʵԼˣʱҰɣҴԶΪţ𣿡
겻ŵҵɣԸѾ
ƸԸеӣϵҸͲЩѵ㻹ֻҪԸˣʵʼˣعңʱҰعʵִͳұнȥһ˼ɾĵطʼµ
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꼤ˮƣ꿴ȷ飬ѵΪǴˣǰĶ걧˵Ļ룿Ϊԭ򣬶ݴİ𣿲ôҶѾˣϷơ¡СߣףԸҵĻҲһߺãڲǶ˸ѣûŲҪ˵ĿǸ𣿲ݾŮЩŮԸ
ҽӵŶǷ鶯˵壬еʼȼӦʼͦǾḻŮӣĻûоεεĵɣ𣿡
ǵջҷѹϣɲһģһʹȥץץ಻ţ˫ֿʼߣͬʱжͣΪ塣
Ľ˵ȥ֬Σѩ׵ļȾһϼƽ̹ỬСһжôˣһҲɬ󵨵ңˮ۾̺֮졣޳ָ§סҵĲӣҵıϣԶķֿѩ׷۵Ĵȣҵʡ
ǰ⣬һҰ㣬Ūͣ걻Ūýֻ˿ͨҪγѪһ㣬мĺ̴΢ţǰţҵĦţʢĶ԰ԵԺҵŮˣҵˣ׼ǰʵԼ󣬸ҹԹԵĻص
ɡġԶġǰˡԺԹԻصߡ
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ҶڶۺڵڵõĴ𸴺󣬱ֱֱͦ˶Ѩҵķ̱ʪĻסпʼϮұŬͦӣֱö꽿ղܡ
һ㣬˫ֽץץҵĺ󱳣㷢ɢҵߣϣǼпУɡ㡭ūҡ
꽫ңѩ޳ȸļסңӭңҽøֱûĻġ

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СĽ˵֮󣬱̫̾弫
ҵͷʾ׵ȥΪɣһԺ˵ˣ
̫֮ԣ
С뵽ֻҪҾһʧˣìܲѣ׸ׯô졭ʷķչһ޴ת۵ϣ




107 ֮ϣ

ҸСׯ޹СԸһһȥ̵ֻ̫̫ͨڣ
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ׯеڴ̫˰
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Уұжϳׯ弫鲻̫ׯڴͷˣ¶ЦݣкȻұһ˿΢Ц
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108 ֮£

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ͬҴһ㣬ׯ뿪ʼʱ㲻ܵλҪʱڶԸΤͳһ޷ʵˡׯȻǸþʵڲʼȣҪҵսգһµͳһĹңֻʼʣ
ȻԳԲƥ֮عڲȻ󹥴ģȻȫԼưˣʲôֹأ
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ҿ˿ʱɫˣȥ
Ȼ׵Ҳãձ̵̫ӣʱ̸̫ҲΪ㣡
һᵽ壬бȴŵʣкܳʱûˣ֪Σҵĸоֻأ




109 巼

öұȷ飬˸ʱܡȻһ̫ͬ鷿Ȼ⣬ˣϾ·ͬ죬ԽǱҪģһ̤鷿ʱѾ磬
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ʱһ˲ֹͣһ㣬˵ƾάţ΢ʹףеճյĿϣʱһֱֹȥôõʱ̣ƺܲҵġߣߵĵ̫

Ե̾˫ƺ޷ڽߵ̬ƿ巼˵ۣͬʱҲӡ֤Լе뷨û뵽һĹԼȻҲᰮһӣǰһӶ飬Ի֮ԱǣȫͬѾݽȥƺҪ԰ˡ
һ˿ģǰ𣿼ȼ򵥣˸ӡҲ֪ڸò˵̲סˣڵԺ󣬵̫ͳһºһ뿪ȥһ˼ɾֻԧ첻ɵ𣿡
彿ޣǰȼֱˣ飬ֻλش𡭡ش⡭Ӧˣ͵ڴˡˡ̫𡭡
ģ֪Լϲ㣬Ҳ԰εİ㡭
ҵһһ¶֮ɫǸȴϲۡ
ڲϽȡ¸ҵԣҸʹ࣬ƶҪıֱһζӱûκģ׷ѰԼ룬׷ԼҸ壡۾Ϊʲô᳤ǰ棿ΪҪһֱǰǰߣΪǿʼ˱ûлͷһ·̣ʱǲᵹģľǰסǰ¸ҵĴţ
һƺǸĻһ㣬һ̸ʱһʱ˵̫̫
ֻһ԰Уѹж˷ǰûļԼ飬Ȼ˴ˣ֪ҵĻãѾʼĽңŽԼʵͷųѹ֣вŻǷˮ飡




110 鶯

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󣬻˶һЦ׼ձǰꡣ
΢ȵ̫׼Ҫ뿪
̾λգҺô̫֮칫Ϊ࣬͢ʱˡϧ˴ȨʵٹЩˡ
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˻˵Ļид٩٩̸
ĿһգգңҲ΢΢죬Ŀһ۵̫޴͸ҽ͸
˵˻ĿȰĿһۣʲôѹּͲŮȸɫŮӶῴϳ̫ǳ̫Ʒؽȣ¶һˣ
ҡͷʵҲһ޷ѣȻھһŽ뿪ˣ
յ˵Ŀ⣬΢ɬʹסҵĻֻǵһЦ漴ȴʵΪʲôԸ汾һȥǷʲôֵأǰɲأ
۽Ƴһֻۣǵ廹δ̵̫֮𣬲ȥ
˸Цһ𣿡
Խ֮ɫǺԡ
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ôһ˵Ҳ΢㣬漴еΣû˪ˣӸղϾǾǽ֮ɫŵû˴ԣǴΣԿ̫չԼ
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ĿٻӰȥֱȫʧҵںҡYEAHһ˳ͬʱȭգ籭߽ʤһһ
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˵ֱӱŮһڣŮɵˣԼеİˣ˫۶Եķˡ˷ܵ뿪ˣŮδѹҲ˯ˣ




111 Ӿ

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̼׵ĳڻ棬ֻǶоһӣд10֣ұȭлл
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YYˣûصˣվڵأӿֳŮӣŮʿˣഺáֻǸЦ绨ʱǴ󵨵ۡ
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΢΢һЦ¹ԭ¹ŮС㣬ã
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Ӯӯ˦ޣڳŮĿԲɣһ˼飬ΪֻϣҵӰӮӯ޳Ī޷һͷ
һָڱӲʱ΢΢ҡţһ㣬һЦ⡣Ӯӯ˿߳г鶯ߣӹĽǶȳ
Ӯӯı޷ͦһϮƽƿż΢һվһԵ¹ߣһЦ§¹
¹С΢ţһԾģӮӯ޼Ȼ޷ջأڴʱҴЦһ񳤿գεض˲߿գǳޡžһڵ档
ӮӯŮӶǾȵУ§¹УҶƯת¹ӵܴĿܿš
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ڿеǰúܽ¹ץסһֻ飬ọֻ̈̄ƺ޹ǣһҵ¹ǿҵϢΧȻƽʱ󵨣δһᱡͷֻһƬհס
ഺ¹һһϴСźֱܴӵͷסӣϸƷ¹ֻͷС䡱һըƵģȫ˵о
Ƭе㶯飬鲻ԽӭҸɴһַ֫һֻϵħ֣Ѿֵ䲻Ӯӯָвȼͦ縡͹š
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ŮҲĿգĶǣӮӯһѵ¹Ҳѹɫߺ죬æҵĻСӮӯԣ΢ףȴ̲ס۽ͷǸᱡӢӡ
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˵һֳҵ޹צץסڰյı
Ůǽϣ֪Ϊ˭ͣ¹֪ҵԤӮӯһСȻץסޣ̽һ֣˶δüӦһѱסӮӯֻüһ漴㱻ǿԾһϸߵ¥ϡ
Ӯӯһ߳ſңſң
ҸоӮӯǷ˵Ľرΰɽ壬ѹңֱ˵ˬŵ˵֮ҷ
ҵĻУӮӯСƢһңһôǡ
ŶôΪ¼仹иҶҳ𣿡
ҼСƢһҲǲˬԭӮӯ;ɴԵ
Ӯӯ˵ȻȻ̲ס˸ֿ־ô˵ˣôԸң
Ҽʵ
㡭С㶨ܽ
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ʲôúýѵһ£
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΢ķ֮ϣѩ׵ļ̷˺ϼ΢΢ףһߡžţһĺ㻹ҲĶ⣬㻹Һ͹аһ𣡡
֪ԭӮӯ˵㣬ֱӮӯžһУֻĿӨỨһίɫ̬
еǸȻӮӯίʵҡĶ⡭а˼Ҳżһ桭ûС
ԲҸղе㡭ʹ𣿡
ḧΣѸΪƣӮӯԴǻΪʲôô˼ҡ
Բ𡭡
Ҳ֪˵ʲôֻοӮӯСִҵţҲֻǸѡһݣһסӣӮӯҼҵУ¹Ůò׸ȴ޵ĳ󵨣һӻ糺죬߲ѡ
жӮӯŻعֻԼλ¶ڿУһôÿߵ޵ݣæãӾЦĿǿңϾӮӯ˳Կģһǵһ
ӮӯδǰͻȻƮ󣬵ȥͬʱҵ´ټӮС㣬еС㣡
ҼʧҰһȣ
Ӯӯƴ󷢽Ѿû˸ղŵ̬ź裬С´һҪӮ㣡ƣ
ֻţǺĿȴʾ˵ĸĿ⣬ϲߣգǲᡣ
γһĻߣ˼㣬ӣЩ̬ûӹԵ¹۾




112 ̸

ܻ˼ңлӮӯ¹֮£õ壬챻Ҵռ˱ˡ뵽Ӯӯ˵аĪ˿ΤˣĻǾеĵıҪˣ⣬Ҫص⡣
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صУȻѾڼڽ̸˵Ц˵֮£治֪Ů֮ôô໰ĵġҿһȳɻ˰ղȻ㻹̸أ
ŶЦɹȻɽĹѸ嶼ɶˣ
ĿһЦǵķȻˣôöǷĶ֣ԺҪӸ֧Ԯˣ
ݶȻܻɫֿڲˣ
Цʵһȥ𣿡
ҵͷȻˣΪи㲻£
ҲҰʲô£Ƿǳҡ͢ʱͻȻʲô磬ղܺʲô£
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ճסͷϵУҵĺΪ£
ˣˣճˣҲĹܣҪŮ˽ţУѾˣ
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ҴԼжǼŮ׷־͹ˣľ͸÷žͷŰɣԵɡתƻҪȳȥһˣ˯ɣˣ
ŮҹĵĻ̵ģЦˣһңûߣô˯أ
ҺٺЦȻˣΪȻҪúóҷǣضϻ
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ұһΪôôཿ޶ؿշأ
ץҵİѱ㻹һȥôã
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Ц

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ͼһ̸ұ㷵ؼУȻůıŮúõˮ֮ɽ




113 ֮ҹ

ƲձҪҸŮ˵˵еȻ֪Ȼ֮仹ʲôûҵġ
ɵҷصİţǱ㰴дʱ䣬˳żǺһƾլΪϣҴ˴оΪƫƧû˻ڴլΧ
Ҳ̽Χûκˣ㾶ֱ棬ƿľţҸһŮһУϤȴֵİ㴫ض
ɫϸأ΢΢㲣üһǳǵʱȴѩڻ㣬ʱ纬ŵĻһ㣬ϲüҡ
ӵһУ߽ɣ¼㣬㻹ûع
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ұô㣡ˣǲңˣҪǵģͺúýѵˣ
ƺһ˾ͷ
ҺЦǻǳıӵˣǼҵضҸᣬҰúýѵǣ
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СŮƵģЦǺƯЦݣԽԽĶҶСȥֻ΢ͷ΢ȴҵǡ
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ͣ΢˼ǵԺɣҪӣǻᱻһۿ𣿶Ҳ̫ðɣ
Ѿ˿̬нɢ˷飬ֻɣûϵģعͿţŮӿϲӻãҲܲˡضֻгһȻ綼ǳɵˣضϣھܳΪɵŮˣ
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۱۲ѹңڵҿһ㶨ûˣİŮһ˵ζĻѾȼҵһʰˣ
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ഺɢŲΪĹϵصҲһ㣬ʧдŵǿȴŴǧʣһζ
ҵܣʼĽȡţͦ˫壬ʹţҲɢ̮ȥ϶ŷ۵ѡ
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Ȼᣬּ㣬͸Ǹ˵ԸҶǸӰˣ¸ȡԼҸڷܲͣͬʱҲ˾Ҫúð
§ѩ׵ĽҲøκ˵ģԷٴȨҲ£
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һǣЦô᲻ϧҵضأ´Ҫֻ
˼ҡ˼ҡγͷ´Ρ
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114 麣

Ů˵ЦżҳҸȻʣŮ񿴴ƵģԣơеֺõĵλˣΪȻ̸̸𣿡
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ȻЦǵķԱǲأ
ҰȻ򣬺ٺЦȻܸΪ򣬵ô°
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һȻԭǶ֪ˣȻ⡭
ȻǸһǧĵ΢ЦȻŵȻĽݽãȻһȻδżϵ֪ȻѳΪĽޣԲԷΪˣȻܲ²õ뿪ȥĸˣ
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Ŀһɵǻûʰɣأ
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Ů˽ΪǵȨŮˣȻǳǳһЦʱȻһԼǡ
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ΤŭɣΪԼ׵ȲʦɣŻԹаǿȡҵλãĪȡ˹Ϊ֪ׯӣԴλֻҪ߶ټԼĵλȨƣعػС
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ҳӭӶУʱȥһ־İɫװϵŷ٣ϵûȻɣٷ磬ƮݵʣһֵȻȴŰӢϣ΢΢γһŵĻߣϵ޷죬á˲Ĩ΢ЦУƺаֻŮɱݴʱң
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ͷȥһȣӭӷƿǷǳ¡أݳȻҵعǵһǿôܱұȥءƺųǺܴ󣬲ݻط粻֮ͬԼ
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ǰȥץסۻ֣Ƽȣ㣡
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Ϊ˵뿴УұһȦû뵽ҼҵŮˣֱƿɶЩȤҲĹעֻ˳ȥ
ҼˣĿⶢֻԼƳ˱סһ㣬亹Ժֱ£ǰˣֿɭĿ⣬æ̫Ћة¿䣡
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ҶԼģеħ󷨵ңһôұȣ壬ҴСͱظ죬һٸҲȲңں߰ĻҿɲںŋõǋȻҶҵˣǲǲˣ
ɭʹ߶̲ס˸һ亹ڵֻԼǳۣ˵ѹ첻ˣǿ̫»ǽةദɡϾةˣ
һҪҾŹҳŮ˱ڴϷҾôˣҵķţǻѲ̫ˣߣ
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俴ŋҲ֪ΪʲôһǳɱĿ⣬Ȼĵ׿־ʵֻһ㾫񹥻ֱ񴫵ݹȥŵ¹̫С۲ʶ̩ɽ̫롭
ϵˣʮةˣةӣݲɱ㣡⣬ӣ
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֪Լ˵ʲôҲûãûɱѾǲеĴˣοݸ޷˵ʲôʱŮҵߣʵû°ɣ
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Ҳ˵Ƿƺܾ֪ԼҪţȵúҵӴùϵںߵ˿ȴ֣ΪƱǸݳȻŮӣƽʱǴԹҪ˼ǽѾͬˣڶڳӣƷʺãǾȡ




115 ҹ͵

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СԴߣæǵġ
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ںߵı֣ǾԻԸŸģ
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ƵĿ־ɢ֪ǰǾԵﲻġ
ҵɨһۣڵҵԲǺܺãһ㣬ʱҪȷĴ𸴡ҲˣΪһһţ
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ҺǺһЦˣףͲŮȻԺΪľʦˣ治ΪŮ𰡣
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һ¥ǰӰҡֱϣɵڷϢĽ¥ڡܿҵһϢ丽ϣʶɢҵҰһ㣬һӳУɼ
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ɲһ𣬻ײˣҵսһһף汻ģ޻֮ƳһƬҵĳǹ͵ǰֱף涥߳𡭡
ЪףѾƣ㼵һУĵ̫ˣ˼ҶˣԺ󣬲֪ûһܱȵ㣡
ҹ˼˵ΪҺǿԲŲұˣһһҸǿ˾뿪ңͶĻˣ
ףֵ̾˼ūĲ˼ūѾСһٱݶʱͽ輧ģϣܵõɵϧΪ檣
ףĵū֪Լǲ֮ūԴɺҲǰˣҰ˵ҲûҹˣݣūҲǵһθܵǰͬĸоǳɸЩŮء
Ұ§ߣһСһƬȻĵҲںǰôںںͽںģǸŮˣ˵ʲô
ףжĵ˵ͷһС۽ξӨỨǸղŽʱ¶ģ˵Ļģĵ˵ĸķ۱ףᴭ˯˹ȥ¶ҸЦݣаʱһɡ




116 Եˣϣ

ף棬ΪǺ˱ӣúϢ˯ȥף棬΢΢һЦʵкܶ׷󣬵ԼҪʲôºʱŮ˵ȨƵ֮䡭
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ҲδŮܾãƵķ䡣˼գ
ҵһЦڷڣ֧򦣬ƺʲôҵĻһ˿ȣɸȴۡ
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һָ΢΢һҡƺ棬ĿңҺܸŵСߣѧ˹˵ļƣʫһ̤ɫ͵㣡
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ҿЦСΪԽԽϲˣأǵ´μΪʱҪŮװΪҺúÿ㴩Ůװӣ֪𣿡

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117 Եˣ£

һϣΤǱ󣬱ڴ˵ŮǻƻŮ绨λѡԼϲĴߣǱ͸λ
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ȶŲĲƽЦúŮǺе
ֵֻÿЦԶԣǿǳ˲ٿͷģֻҲѹƵסˣ漴ǴϣĿҡ
¶ŹֵЦݣ΢һʼ硣ʱȴһȵԼķҪԼѡŮԼѡȨΪ֮ŮѵȨҲû𣿡
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аҲ˫Ŀ͸֮ɫԴ˼ܸȤֻ޹һ㣬ڴʱͻһ˫Ϯ䲢ɱ⣬ǹǷƾ־塣
Τа˾һû뵽ػͻȻ͵Ϯҡ֣϶ͣһ񣬾ƱУڼϣƯķתպƣһҲǱһƯһ֣еã
;ŲңĲƽǵһμҳ֣ǵɴ飬ǲԸκһϸڡҷм䣬Τؿ콣ٴϮƿ֮ƻΧƻҺǾȡ
аиˣΪϲأΤʱˣڿΣңԸңΪطŮԼѡĻΤͲ֮ǰԼаԾضģΪֵҲϣɴ˿Դҡ
еľƱҪ䵽ˣҽżһһ̽Ʊ¶Уһ֮ѣԵΪסص˫
вͣأӯжƮӰʵͻȻдֱܳҶһӲܿĽһѽԱһĽǶֱҶΤæȵزɣ
ǧһ֮ʣ¶һ˿Ц⣬ָһ㣬źâĽ˲䱻˫ָסصĽ޷ǰֺҳС㣬ǻҪȥ𣿡û£ΤҲ΢ɣϾҪҳ£ɲðˣΪҵʵ̫һ㡣
纴ǾˣֻǿභҵصĶʱֻػһе֣Ľ߲ʱǶ࿴˶ԷݣоǾ֮ɫʱкܰеľƱ׹棬ҿԱһ֣һȵץס˱ӣûһΡ
ǳ裿
ҵ˶һͷˮôػô⡣Ȼ׵ֻһˡ
Ҳͬʵأ
һЦڳȫɵˣԴֹͣ˼ˣ벻ôˡаȴֲõԤУҲ˵ʲôоֻоƺʧȥһ㡣
ʵû뵽΢΢Цԭˣأأ
ջ˽¶һֱ˿Цݵԭǳ衭
תΤԴɬĵȫţȷǺ㣡ŮԸΪޣ
ֵΤסˣʵ벻ôˣҲһʱûӦ
аصĻһţͬʱ˫۴ԹɫҵıӰһôԵɡ߿Ļ˵սӷʱ龰ʱֻעһˣһۡ
ȤϲŮˣȫͶҵĻ¹Ȼǧٹ֣治УοΪ֮ءѾھϺܺõĴ˹аǣͬʱҲΤļƻҿΤô죡
ҵĿǾΤ֮£ҿɲԭһ㣬Ҫׯ뿪ʱڰڲǵͬʱӵȻͳһĿꡣ
Τ˵Ŀడɲ˵ʲôΪԼŵġľȻɲŮòһԣ̫ϲȢһλΪޣϲүܵ˼ʵǿϲɺأ
ΤάЦݣֵȷǿϲɺأҲû뵽»֮˳ΪСŮѣ໹ΪѣΪӦ̫ȷԲĽְ
ȿΤǸԱӣҪˬͶˬЦүǹϲˣ̫ԺҪĳүΪ
аɫѿĪоƵе͸ҡǺܻ֣ʱæƣǰģĵɩСȾһ
رһ䡰ɩеɬھľƣһԼҲˡ
ⳡϵ½ˣȻֻһͨᣬȴΪҪ¼һ£˳ڲܶ಻ûӰ졣عڲθ֣пΪ£һϴƣջƴȨĺпҡ
һͬҵļƻһ㣬ѾʼߵˣȢأΤԸҾͻйˣұλ˵ĻͺзˣټֽҪ¼ңҵĵλ˺ܴת䣬˿ΤȴҵһɽΤȻĻôȥĽֻһǾعƿشȨΤҲûз֮ա
ΤµĺôҲΪ˱ǰжͬʱìͷָԼȵ˾˿϶ҲΤκλᣬҪ͵ĳףҪԼǿʵ̵ʱ佫
ҵһߴĽϡ뿪ǰҴ˸ɫ΢ЦԶԣð˻Ȥ֮ĲƽңϣܶЩʱúáչչˡӮӯ
ȻӦʣΪҴӮӯΪҲùаռˣҲΪӮӯǣаһǲĲƽֵܾˣοڵӮӯұȶԹаȤ𣿲Ӯӯ취Ը
ڽϣͬʱסΣͬ㡭
˵ɣ
ͬʱ˵һĻ
һͷЦ˵ɣŮʿȣ
ŽЦݣֻԭǳ裬ΪʲôҪأ
ͷʵұΪһȥΪҲΪԼݣ𲻱Ҫ鷳ݾû˻ңҪߵģ춼ڲ̽㣬ǿ϶ˣ
ؿɰƫƫͷЦҾͲƽˣ
ҡҡֵ㲻ҲԼ𣿹˵ҿɲУ
ؽѵ˼ŮΪ˰ȫȻҪˣ
֪һΪĸҪȢҵŮˣ˵Ȩ˴󣬻ĲУֱӲġǸ˰죬˾ȻԼⲻԼԼȥ𣿡
ҿЦõĵʵ벻ǰǸҺԼŮ˵ˣ֪ԭǸԼԼԼ𡭡
ءꡱһЦ˼ô֪˵ȡ֣ʵҲʾİҹȡһգ־ȡԼֻ֣Լû뵽ˣ
һĶͷ찡εҲǷԼԼǵùһЦͻȻ§סҵĲӣٵһڣǲ˰ɣ
üëһݺݡôǾʧѾͲֻЩ
ʧѣʲô
ԺӾӦòʣȻ˹ԺӣҿɲһʦֱʵжҪľʧѣס㴽ɲʱһ
ֱӣǵúһ㣬ҲſϷſش󷢽˻ˣ֪ռұˣ
ҺٺһЦһĵĸطûûû׹أʲô˼
ˡ
һæܿͬʱЦ׷Ұ׷ˣнŶ
ҵһߵұܲ㲻֪˶𣿸лùɵһͶܹھҵģ
ˣʲôʱùģңȡǰ֮ùˣô࣡
ҽ´󲽿翪ǽٻӰ׷ȥһ̵ͬɵĺһ㣬ڴȻаţֻ㻯ĵܶĸȻûǺǣ
ˣ
ҺǺһЦֱ׷ȥؽЦǰţϧǶ㲻ҵħƵģ




118 ֮ʼ

ҺݺݵİΤһưͳԻп˵ˬˡһЦݣٺЦţˮҪˡῴǸӣʮֲ⣬ôˣôɵһ
¡ꡱЦ磬Ŀˮˣ
Ұһæһʲôˮһɵƭңôʰ㣡
æ㵽һӢƵӣ˫ֲ뿴ô졣
´̽ףҺܵƤ¶һ࣬ҺܡŬסˣȻһ߿ĵûϵа취ʰǣ
Ŀһɵ⣺˭˭
͵Ц֪ÿĵĶ˭ڻ˵ôаһǺǿȻЦҡͷǻǻ֣һ첻һ֣ǺѰֵˣ
̽ϵǲʲôĵ°Ȼôأ
ùΪݺõ裬Ʒһڵ˵ˣһ£ǶǼһ£
ĿתǷ֮£
Уˣ
ҺǺЦȻ΢ͣ˼һŵΤѾҪ޸˰ɣ
Ҳ׵ĵô˵Το˷ļˣ
мƵ̸ϣΪҲе⣬ǵҸ˵ض֮°ɣ
֮¡ŮǵͷҼʵҲû뵽ؾȻأһڵĹаǸ˰죬ԭǰ׵һ
ŮǾȵĽԭˣôĻΤͲʵԼĳŵˣعŮѡȨΤ뷴ǺѣԼ׿ڳŵ޸ΤǰʯͷԼĽˣ
͵ԽԽͻˣǸأ
õɵĿ佱ȳۻһ˵ЦݡȻʱôĻΤܿͻжˣüޣܻסʲôԲ𣿡
Ȼһйؼʾı˴ϻ۵ŮкܶҶΪˡ漴ͷȻ˵òΤܿͻжˡЩʲô˵ˡض֮ѾˣԲܸıˣΤЩʲô
÷ϴʱǣŵʱˣ
һֵȥŰɣ벻ܳԱ˺Ҿˣ߰ɣԷඣ
æܳȥ׼һ١
Ůͬͯһ㣬̿Ц漴Ҳһͬȥ˿š
ùźӦԪ˫˫Ҳжʱûˣλһͬڷ̸֪Σʵλˣ֪ˣ
Ǻܸ˵ģھӵսװȫҸСھеõúܣ
ˣǻʼѧЩѧչʳʽʼģӪô켼Щƣ˲õþߣƹ㷷ⲻأ
ӦԪ˵⣬ͷͷǵ
û뵽оǱóѧȼ֮任ȻǿöŹأû뵽ǵĳɾôߣô̵ʱսҵѾǷǳˡ
ҲǺܿĵѣܣĻǶԾ˿ȻΤ˲پǶΤڹܶȥؾڣھӷҲȫԴﵽƺĿģ
ڵҵǳãøЩ˷źܴٽǹĶ
һµĸȻʵźʲô
ұ㿪ʼӦԶ˾Ǿ֮ˣЩִ⾭Ǹп࣬޲һȫѧᡣ
ⷽ£ҪλˣڱöԸΤˡӦûд
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ݵͷȻˣǾСİţ
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˸ʱ¥һʱյ̳ӭˡһ߽ͬ¥һ۵ϰ壬֪أ
æ̫СȻˣСֻ⣬󣡡
Ҳ⣬¶һ˿аЦ𣿼ǰȥΤҪΪҲ֪ǵ̸Ҳ֪һ
һĴ˸սתһִֻ򣬿һϰǸӣ㲻ҪĻҲǷҪô£˰¥ˣðռˣʱҲûã
ųһ亹ɫףµ̫ǧ𡭡Τҵģ˵ҪԸ㡭
֪ǵ̸Ҷ֪Τʱû˵ôԸң԰ɣЩ²òҲ֪Τ棬
Ĩ˰亹̫ΤСȥ
һ֣ͷĵˣҾ͸һλᣬ㽫ԺΤʲô㣬Ҫһʱ֪ͨңСļϣ
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ɲỳҲɱԼһһҵУܶܲˣȻ˻Һ˵ˣҵΤҲ˿
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ȴڣȻܿ̽쵽֮һϥ붥ϰڹҹһϢ̽ڵĽ̶ȡ
һȷӦҲվǾɫһһȵʲôˣҳ
ڹоŬǣ
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ǣԼŬнĳɾͣˣҲЩҪ̸ҿʼ
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ʱصߴΤʱ䣬ΤҷƵģϾԷƼҰģκʱͷܶ࣬æ鲻գҲйҵ¡ʱץסᣬΤȥ롣
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ƵһЦڵϰתһ˵岻ʣܸ磡
еΪѣƱϾݳȻҲõȸȥתߡ߱һĽиĽӴκȴ涼ˡ
߶ڵϰ壬үСģ㻹ǸҰһ£ԼС㣬ĲӦǾˣ
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С죬ǲƷˣҲֻշƵĻȥ졣ͣС䴦ںߵڴ˴ʱѾڷ⣬⺫߸춯Բ
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˵⣬ƴʼնһƬȻѾԼзȣһչֳʣĶһŮԾԻᱻԵϧڵķһѾϵϣںߣֻΪһùȥˣˡ
ԷĻ󣬵Ȼƽ岻ʣԲμᣬúϢ
æĵûϵ֪Сˣö𣿡
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߼ᵽĶңǶҸΪԹޣֻҸһϸ£֤㣬ϣܲ÷ƻģеţǼ⣬߽ͬˡ
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ǣ
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ΤӿжУڱȥæһ빬
ҲƽҽʲôæһţȻȥܣΪ֪ؼһˣ




119 

æϸȻׯ·еͻȻе㼬֣һаܱסׯҪô¶㲻һ䱻Ϊ̫Ψһ״
ҺݣĻ˸ǣЩҲҵСҲ̽ڵʱܾׯֻҶѡ
·ϣʵôôôͻȻأ
岻֪ݰ̫˵ЩʡͻȻ赹̫ӱҽҽҲǺް취̫֪̫ͨ
Ȼһ֪
΢̾ģʼҪھͿô㶨ˣ
ĬʵȻаʾ壬˴ϻۣȻ뵽һЩߣҪҵĻɲʱס˸йؼͬʱҲ׵ʱȻ֮£ȷһǳҪ£
޹ڣׯţĵģͻȻʵڲֹۣҽҲ޲ߣСǺȳЩҽʲôãһȺӹҽ
ҽȻľսҳ
ʱΤ̫ӣٰ꣡ǽ⣡
С뵽˵ΤƲ֮ãо;ʵةôһҲżѵة಻ĸΣ𣿡
Τɫ˲úѿʹׯҲʹ뵽Լ̫֮׸ӱŭţ˵ݣϾһǾһǳΤҲֻ̡
СͷĻǼҽͣæߵл뿪ˣᱻǨŭȥͷȴʱ̫ӣ̫ҪǴ
СһƽһȵǺĵةǣھ͵̫ˣֻҪ̫ڣϣת
СΪ˵飬ϾڽڳΪһҲƲСǶԴŲɣֻϣܱסׯҲԼĸ׾ôȥ
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СæӭӣΤУиŭ΢Я룬С̫
ҵͷʾףδ˵ʲô첽ׯߣׯɫ԰ף弫ƺƬ̾Ҫݺ׹ˡ
̽ڣһȣΪڵ״֮ǰʱȫͬǲҲûôţôֻһɿԽͣ˶ׯ˶ӿأȻܻᷢ¡
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ȳʵǲ֪ʲôҩҽδ˲أ
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ȷˣˣ֪ʱѾ˹ؼʱ̣ΤȻΪԼĽ㡣ׯһعڲͻῪʼԾ̫֮λôΤԿɳΪ󳼣ԽڵĵλҪһعͲ̫ˡ
Ȼ̴òϧΪһأǱңȵˣΤʮ˽⣬а취Ըǣͬƣƺң޷²ҵΪ
ҸģȽ¹Ӯӯݹаһᣬ¹ĲƽҲԺ޹˼ɣǶԸΤ׶ˡΤƣйǽݣһڵģҪȽظȢΤаͻᱻսȻҪΪصĻ⣬ΤҲᱻǰôˡ
ţǿ죬ɴ󳼶ǹڵϡСᣬһԣнѾׯûж˵ʲôֻʾ⣬˼ֻСȻס
֮춼ڰɥ£СΪһ㳯֮£ҪʼѧϰһۣҺ˹űȽɣ
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Τɫ΢䣬û뵽һֱ˵˵õ̸̫۵ǴضµĹأΪģ»Ϊһ̸
ôûϵأֲ֪Щȥ󣬻᲻ⶼ˵ԱٸʲôΪƷǸ˵ˣة࣬Ǵֲ̫ˣôɱᣬʲô˼Щ𶼱ȥᣬǻһҪһѧϰ鷳
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Τŭɫ֪˵ʲôҲûˣֻһ߰пңâСһҲΤӽԺϳԻᣬȫԱٸ֮
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СҵĻȵȼҲ֮ͬԣе㾪ȣϲϾΪⲻ̫عڹأұһ˿ģһǲͬ;Ȱ˵ǣΪҲ֮£ǲкô޹
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ʱȴ΢΢һҸǣȥι
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Ƥÿζڳ̫ǰֵ̫ˣ㳶ƽˣ
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122 ɱ

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âһս䣬תţڵĲһϸۼ˿ڣûһѪһѪһȻž֮ɫʬ嵹




124 ʼϣ

ҿЩʬ壬˫ȵȫɢͬһĹâƺͬĻȼһ㣬һȵ
緢ƵĶǰƶȥ񱩵ĺɫ֮дܳһ޴Ļ
ҪһУǸƺҲڻһ㣬ϯʬ嶼ʧˣҳˡշ磬һ˲ɢڿУֻʣһƬеŵĽеۣ̫˰ɣһûôѾ˰ǰԭһƬдеѾΪУ˸ղŵĲݵأڵ洦ɼǽζʮŨأҿɲôˡ
ֳһƬԪطΧֳצһץ˫Ϸˮˮƺȫһ㣬γˮΣγˮ¶һ㣬ȵڵĵ棬ͬʱν֮Ϊ෴֮Ϊ
;һѭռƺŤ濪ʼʧ¶һƬʯ⻬ĵһƺʧһ㣬ԪֵһƬյһжʧһ㣬ֻɳһĴڡ
ڴʱЩɳƺʼɫԭĵɫָԭظеɫͬʱڵϿʼСɫɫҰԭ֮ƣʼɢγ̲ݣӲݴС硣
С粻ϳ󳤸ߣһſŸ߸ߵĴ̵֦Ҷһ㣬ڰгţ֦ͨҶеķ϶͸˽żɫʰ쵵ĺ֦żС֦ͣͷڷе;Ϣվһ㣬ò䣬һվ
һ»صԭľдУƺ˴ͬʱһ㣬ſһĨһʺ磬ͬһľ֮䣬ɷƯһӣɫƮڿУ΢Ļͬʱ衣
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һ紵ƺľֵһ㡣
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Ķص¹ЦǵСϲ𣿡
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ҳ
Ȼ̫˵ã㵽ǱҪʱԸ̫ưͳԻȻУ̫ĻǵļƻͿԼִˣھͱ취ȥΤǼţֻǲܸаգ
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̫γԴǰúþһۡѾ¥ںᣬرϰгϢͷƹò绨޶ˣ̫ԻΪ˲У
аܿĶҵ
˵̫ʶԺ󣬶û̫׽׽ϣ̫Ҫƴǰ
ĪȳңҾܾһ㡣
ȻҳȻɨ˴ҵˣû⣡ұص¥ʱҪʶʶǿеĵС㣬Ƿ޶أ
һȤӵ
ѣ͵ȳ̫٣
а
һ·ϣɫҪ˰ɣϻˡعҲҪƮҡʱˣڵĻӦúܸܿ㶨˰ɣ첻ÿˣʱſֽŴһˣ
ϣһ˵磬аѾ¥ˡ¥ʱӭźۼĸһСĵɫһˣȻĪôʦڣѵʲô£ҲŹ֣ȻҪԸˣҲҪˣʼ
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а̫ʱϰ壡
ڴλŮϯϣϼѣұޣŮβ˻ģȴ־ḻɫжܵƵأΪͷưҪΪҪæ¶࣬Ҹˡ
λŮֱϯУԵŮ밤ϵūҹ࣬ˣ
˳֫ЦԭǹడȷֻӰĶа⣬ĪãǶϷ˲˵ˣ϶ǺˣϻǲèӽҪʼúöֽˡ
һߵλʱֻۣһܵ檰٣˳ӢѹǵŮӶܼ޸Ϊأ
ūԥ
һӯӯ
ҺǺһЦ̫佱ˣҶ֪Ȼأ
ĪһЦ̫Լ̫ŮӿǸĺܣ
ԭҲôˣǻŮң
𣿻ν˲갡

þ䣡
а޵
û뵽̫Ҳͬˣ
ʱһЦ⣬֮ʲôҲûһ㣬е㱾£ϧΪ켧ѾڣѾûпɽˣΤҲǳôһˣڵֻ϶ѣʲôʱʲôʱ
Һ뿪ʱпܵĻץסȻӦǸ𣿳ԴʱҸ˾ˣֻҪɱԽͷ֮޶ѣ
ʱһЩһԷ̣Ȼ滹Ǵ¡˵˻ʱͻȻˣǲĲƽǣǿǻ֣ʱˣôܲأοҲС
˹һЦһϯǰһԡľЦ̫̻֮أǼ޲ðɣ
Ҳֻ̫æˣ
Һ˿ھƵ
ƽ̫ƣɫȺû˳̫۵Ů̫ȻˣĽ̫죬мͲŮľɫ
аһЦȷˣ̫޸ޱߣʵɷ˰
ҵȻ֪амǺˣ䰵𰡣ҷڹཿţڹаĻֻһЦ޸㲻ϣãǺǣ
ʱ̫Ҫ㼸ŮأǵϰǰͷƵС˳̫ˣ̫ɲٶˣȻǿɾûˣ
գ˾һЦЩԴӼҺʮ˫Ŀû뿪ϡཫضҵֱϣսҵĶߣˣɲūū˺𣿡
ǽεε˶ûˣааһЦס޵㴽˱˼£Ʒһµã˲ģҵĺӣϱزŹ㣡
ƽЦ̫ȻǷ˰ǲ֪̫ʲôŮҲøһȻǿɲɰ
ҹЦķģô˽𣿡
ٽҲü˺𣿡
ԥʱҲ˿ɲūأаӿڵλǵĳ̫أ̫ǽӲأ
ľЦֻѡͲˣҲռǵķݣ
Ȥ̫ŮƣӴ˱ɵ֪̫Ƿ棬ˣ»أ
а⻰˵òйǽޱλˣЩ澣ǻˡû뵽ҲǷǳеأ




125 ʼ£

ĪЦ̫ĪһʱӢۣ¥ڵ˸޲Ϊ̫أֻ̫Ҫָ͹ˣշ
˵ͦģ˵ĺŮ˶̲סͶͱһ˻һһƬߵ¥ڽøϣܵõ˵Ķأ
ͷŹаЦҵĺ˵𣿿ɱⶺҿģ
ཿѣﲨתĵİһۺū˵ĿɶģֻҪһڣ¥ڽĸԸ޵ģ
أ
ҹʵ
ֻҪҪūȻϣһˣ
ǡôͬʱֵĺһۣһһȻ˲·һĸܵѪ͵塣
ƽЦֻ̫˵飬ȴǣ÷һŶ
壬ԥȵҡҷˣǰһƣĵˣⱭƿһҪŶ
Ϊǰļԣ΢¶һط۰ףһǺһ鹵ֱѣĿ
ȡƱ˸ʫ΢һ˼ЦãⱭҸ÷ôҲúúܸλˣĵҲ
˵գһˬЩǴĴ򶯡
ҼзȵĻ䣬쿪֣ƱµһҲʣ
ã̫ȻǺĲɣղһĵҲǵжɫ
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Ī˿ھƺ̫Ҳ˷֮־ͬϰѣ̫߳¥ˣ¥ڵ˿ɲŹˣ
˾ǽЦȻŮջǴҪһͨ˵Ļ´˿ѾԵͷת˰ɡĪĻһƲоƽ˾Ҫһ㣡
Ǻһоƽ
ĲƽҶаҲúܿģڿҵӣһֲ˼ģҺ޹˼ɵŻŮ§һֻ֣ƽ̹СǸƵ˫֮ϡ
ָУȴʮּͦ״İΣȻߴܴ󣬵ȴƺܵһ㣬ûκ´ҵָ˷嶥ǿ̺죬ĸ·˿üҺ
ֻ΢ף۱۽§ʵ˻ˣūңūôܵأ
ȽĲһͬһһ㣬̬֮ҼӴͬʱͷƷ㴽
аʱֵ̫ȻֻӰɣнĿأ
ЦʵʲôĿأ
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ߵŮţеǹΪ̫׼ĸ裬ĽĿǵС㣬̫;ڴɣ
ľƼСԶû˲֪Ĵʱһͷʢĳ̫棬һʢ°
аȷˣǿڴѾأԳ̫֮ĳΪСҪֳƳʱСԶϳ̫أ

˾޼ɵЦ
ȻһЦȻΪҰôĿ˵ͷϷܴأΨһֻĿԴˣ
һƣǰù뿪ϯ䣬룬һЩ輧ҲڣһЩʦһЩ˵͵ģȴ̴棬ɫɬСŮǾԸˡ
ֻŮʦ֣Щ輧Ӧ裬ˣɷǶˣ֣޳ӨȣԼͻŮĵķΣĿתĿţڴľǰ͸ͬɴ£ĽԼ¶ǰֻĳ嶯
ҵˣ涯ȹڣżȹڷ¶֣էֵĴ⣬ȳոջһͬʵһ㣬ӯӯȥ
Ĳƽ˿ۼңλλĸˣаҾٱҶ̫ɣΣ
пͷȻֻҪ˾;ԻϲĽĿ
ҷ˷޷Ц
һ㣬΢ҡΣŮ̬ϯԣһҵĻУĻʮ㣬εεĵˣūúÿ𣿡
ɧǵֻҪ˾͸þԻӦˣοôһεεĴ㻳Уһξժģ˭̵סҪòܵ»ݣ
ɧҪǡôķˣܴ̼ˡҽද˵屧ڻУǴɢ㷢㣬ֱȻӢڣò̾һˣ
Ц绨ˣرΪ׼ͷϷˣ
ЦϰЩһֱûСӿͣΪ˳̫ϰ˱Ǯ̫޸ޱߣɷǣ
С㵽
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ڡĻУֻλӯӯмȶ˵һλľɫŮ
ƴƮǣŵ̬ڵƻӳ֮£еһڳŮ
ڶʮ䣬ﲨΡӣЦӯ档˴ִµӰʣʹҪϧ顣
ʱԼ崿ɤŹŴĸݺһöƲ˿ԸзǳͬʱȻƮݵĶڱֵ쾡£ǹעıˣȴһ̬ټòȷŮһȣ֮Ʒٰ֮
Һȼ֮ȻԭŮˣڵɴͬΪұ㣬Ӣ˵ҵˣʲôѵ᲻֪˽һˣԶµһ㶼ġ
һգ֮˾ҹƣӯӯʩ̬ǧϯԣ˫˵۾ϣ־졢Ľȴì븴ӵɫЩɫһͬһ㣬ʹڶһء
ֻȻһЦߣʱаâĲĶŵ΢ףһ˵ֻˣ
̬ˣֱ뽫ǻܵһ˺
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˻һ˺ôЦ
ĪʱԵСſɲУرαǵĳ̫ǵȴѾأÿʧɡ˻̫һ
Խ΢޵Ƴһۣӿ˫ѩ֣˾ƺΪơͷƯĶǰ㷢ںڷ磬̲סһȴЦĪļƲã˵Ǽ֮ƣ˷ʤϧȴ֪ԭˡ
ūȾһ룡µĴԴ˵ľ⣡
ڿڣǳŵĺһ룬ȻݵǰҸںùƱһ
аЦǹˬ죡
ʱ಻ҲҪһ
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һޣͻ۸ūң
жȴ̴ͣںһھƺ󣬱㽫㴽͵ǰĻֱȥཫеľͨ㶡͹ȫһһˣһ޼ɵ㶡һ
ֱǵùཿҲŷŹշΣɷˣΣֻĵˣūҲ㶼ˣ
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˾δӦǰͻȻм˳˳ĪߣͬʱʣĲϣаҲͻȻı仯Ūˡ
Īǵ¼θ磬ȴͻȻоӿڱ䣬ŷ֣˶ýڲˡҪΪһ磬׿˵ȴҵǵ֣˻û־ͻᱻס
ŮŵɫҰףݷž֮ɫĪ¶һ̫Ϊˣ˲δ̫
аžƱƽ޲ҪΪһϷˡ¶Ըңƾǻ̫ˣ
а̫γԣʲô¶֮£̫˵
ҵһЦ³һźɫͬСҩһĶ˳ܴõҵע⣬ͬʱֳٸҾƣҲɣǡιƸңתעķҶԹ޽ģʵǹཫжҩͬιʱһͬιңҩճԣⶫճҺɣǺĻ֮ƣһж㵽ˣ
Ī͸¶˾֮ɫܵļƻûκô׶˵һʱҰף֮ɫԱԺһЩҵǸˡ
æ̫ᣡ
Ҷʲô᣿ѵǲСҺ˶ҩҪΪҲ֪ΪǣΪԼæⳡϷ𣿸㣬ͿЩˣ˸
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׿ӦǰֱȻ׿ˣҪ̫ˣһ˳ɻܹа˭
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ʱ׿ѹţãҳԲѷҶңС㡭
˵꣬׿˳ָһǶ⣬ĵٸҳԲѷͣ
аʱǿԼ侲̫»ǵүһᴦµģ
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ҵº̹ǡĪʱǸûϵҲ˱ָʾѣֻɺϰˣ̫ɲʵ
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һڣȵҴȥΣ
ĪгԹ޺ݶа̫֮£ةػģʱةػΪֻع
аһֻۣǴ֮Ȼĵ˵ϻ˵ĻϸҹϻΪǲèΪҺ۸һ
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˵뿪»رΤ
Ĳƽһۣ˶ͻȻ˹Ϻݾ΢о⣬ķϲΪһӾΤһֻĪʦͱҸƽˡ
ǰһ۵ôˣΪ˱סͰƵŮϣߣ
תŵҿңʵΪʲô̧ͷң
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ĲƽֻӿЦͷϾôˣû취˭ýأ




126 

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ҳеĪȰ裬Ҫ¶أҲֻѣ
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Τɫѿ
һ⣬ֻǶӮǿжҩ裬ҲҽȷΪжҵʱ֤ڳ
ʲô֤ȫԼ𣿡
ΤҴ
ة࣬עԼУڴ֮ϣлûйˣ
ӮɷĵΤһӮǽסˣͣ˿л
һһɵվڴУֻҶӮ͢ʺˣʱͿ˫˭ó֤֤ԼĹ۵㣡
ȳе¹ش󣬳̫Ҵ֮ҪǾӵľ֧Ҵеı־Է֮£Ҫײ̽
ӮͷҲΪˣãͰ̫֮⣬͢ʣ
һѾҰźõĪˣԼ¥ĵŮӮʵǿ֪ı̫Ƕ𣿡
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ӮĿɨϣ΢һȻǸµŮˣȴЫ࣬߹ˣ˭¶ı̫ģԣ̽ʬ
ḷ̌Ѿŵɫ԰ףĪʱæ࣬ߴ¸ҵ£
Ҳæŵԣߴ¸ǳģ
࿴Īһۣ˵ʱ龰˵ˣΪ˱סԼʱԥһԼϡ뵽˴ֽĿתߣһȻ޾ɫ̹Ȼ̬Եá
ͬʱ˵ʱҶһȻ˵ĻôˣΪ˱סͰƵŮϣߣ
ĪŮҩ裬ҪŮԳ¶
ʱԼҲףԼô˵ЩֻĪˣĪ˵ı֮һ
ĪɫҰףŹྐྵȻΪżһεĳ˵Լ˵ûע⵽˿Ļȡ
ʱеЩ²ҵ£ûйϵĪһģ£Ӧ÷ң
ȻһˣֻҪܱסԼԥߵˡǣС檼д˽ӣ;Сۣɱ˵ж˽
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ΤڿΪ֮Ҳû뵽ͻȻĪ˶˵ʱӮ̴ϵ
ϧûü˵ʲôͱҴϵة࣬Ǵ⣬Ĳ廰Ƿ̫˾֮ˣסǳǾǧҪŪþģ
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Τɫ࣬ʱأһԵˣǰû˸ô˵ϧȫͬˣһӮ¹ң־֣ׯǰ㸾֮ʣҸ
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¹ӢҴϸɷ󳼶Ŀ޷ͣιأ
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Īĸˣ̲סΤΤһȵ죡
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ŮҪ͸ңʱˣϾҶԴŮ˿ǳĺã͸ң˵ǷǳˣŮæлл䣡
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һУվڲԶޱУޱĽľȻƵôӣΪʲôصӡеϧ¶۾Ĵһʵ뷨۾¶
һϸĵŮ˶ۣȻܿһˣޱʱֻԼƺݵøˣпһԣעбŮӵӡ
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127 汨

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128 Դ

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129 Ⱥϣ

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ΤŭһӣֻǳˣһɢǿҵƣһЩ߳Ľ֣Ǽ򵥵




130 Ⱥ£

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ӮһҲ̫ϲھҲвٳɫĽ죬ҲһҪԳ²żԺ̸ˣȥź֣콫ǸıҴ˵һ죡




131 ְϣ

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ŮЦ绨֦ҲҺǺһЦϵôܲ˵ģҳ̵λãѾǰںˣҳţ뷴ˣ




134 Ϊ

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135 ʩ

ҷսڹ뵥ѩʱޱ߹ҵķ䣬û뵽ҽôҸû뵽һŮڴս
ޱ߹ҵķ䣬ΪһʱˣԴ󷢰ɡңȡе¡ˣˡ˹غ÷ţҪΪסǱԺԲ⣬Ҿʹ󵨵Ůã˭֪ޱûŮȥSHOPPING
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Ӯ̲סЦʦԼģһʽǻ֮ʱͰ䲼ܷȴпˣ
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æͷߣ§֪ŮᣬڼеһøǶ磬ҳ壬Ҳҵ׼
ôõĻôܷŹأˣҶӣ̺ɱӣӵΣңһţҹӣ
סֵĶٲۣһĴϲ󱯣ʵ̫̼ˡճɾˣ
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һ֡һֱӵڵϣһֻţͬ鴤һ㡭
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˿ڿˮԽѧԽˣ治֪ȻǶʲôˣ
ĵİһ۵Ȼ˵ˣԸõ׼԰飡
ҡһοЦôҶо͸һҺʲô㶼һԺǺܲ𣿰
һм˼ǷŮ壬˶ҵţеԣҵһð˳˷ӦһǸоõʱֻϼˣˮ˫ͫҲŨŨҪڻһ㡣
ұס壬һڴϣǰδеٶѹ˶˵·ڼϲԽ壬ʵأֱ޷һգѾһƬ̺ȡ㷢΢еҵԣ̬ʮ㣬֮ѡ
ѩ׵ķ۱ۣҵĲӣӨļͬĨһ㣬ȻǷѩ֬棬ƽ̹Сϸǡôһ֣һ֡ű˽ȥһ̽صصشһƬдеĺɫɭ֣ҽȥ̽ѰܣľɭУ֡
Ө޳ȣʮ㣬һȾСȵıǲò̾棬ҷ̫̾ˣѣ
һգ˫ߺ첻һشңҼ֮ŷ飬ţ֣ͯİһ㣬һֱδ뿪飬֮ϣ
彿һڱҶ˶ʮ٣ȴĸԸұխסʱֻڣֱ˴ˣ˰ԣģҿʼԭʼ˶һ֮Яֹɽꡭ




137 绪

ӵ壬ҵĴϣ彿޵ĿһУǳ¶˷飬ҡĽϻи߳ϣǵĺϼʾŸղŵļս
ѩ׵ļϻЩӨ㺹һһ͸Ϊ˸壬Ůĵɵƣͽֵַ쾡£ǰźţ΢΢š
ֻ֫ͣƽ̹Сϣ˵ܵһҶߴôΪɣûǵ㰡
һΣԸǽ߲ҧҵţˡ
һֻȥץסһֻ飬İȴԡߺղš𡭡ڻͣ֡
ȻˣҪһӣ
˵ŵͷȥϵ̺ѣħֽɸ״ƷҵڵһƷһ㡣
ԵʱѾ룬΢΢գ̴СȵһһϣЩϢڲʱ۱ۻסңһֻᰴҵͷϣܸһַʥŮ塣
ҴصĴܲˣʵ̫ˣһҪ㣡
̬ˣ̴³εεĵʱҪԸ⡭
Ѿ޷ܣһѹ֮ϣ˫ԶңȴҵĽ룬֮ҺõһλãҾѾʼ壬ȻܵˣڣȻʲô⡣
һᳵ·ģǸҴ޿еĻ֮ڣͬʱ֮սʱ̣дɫʵΪ˵Ҳ
عĸ󳱣ݱҳķͷܼǵĴС޴̸ҵ¼ڰղ෹̸ľǳˡ
գȻ޸ܷ˹˿ǷֹһһֵġҺ˿ȸȣĿ˻ᡣȻ˫ָ˫磬Ķһ޵ȻİĦַԽԽˣ
ȻЦ˼ҿŬѧϰأǱȲϷ˵ѨλĦ
Ť壬ɫɫĶżȻʵصûϵΪпվͺúýѨλĦʱһλǰΪҾϲεģ
ƺѾϰҵĿڻɫ䣬ˣһ쵽Щ治֪˼Ϊʲôϲôɫǣ
ΪԼ򱧲ƽҿɲɫǣֻɫôӢٷ˵ˣҿӢۣӢ۱ɫ
ȻЦû֦Ҳ⺬壡
ֱӣ׸һǧĵİۣЦ޵̫зˣֻܵˬˣٺ٣
ѽ
ʹһҵͷֻûģ㵽ڹڵϷǽð
λû뿪ֻ˫֣סὡͷǱĦţһСĵ㣬ΪȻڹˣҿǺŬŶӦúúýΪŶԣ
Ħŷе壬ֻýƿɫߺΪΪͷ֪ռǽõıˣ
ʲôϵϣʲôطûҶǵֱòˣ
ɫɫĿ˼ɣֱֱš
һûӣһˣȴۣԼİˣԼĸŮ˻᲻ˣֻϲҶ찡Ȥ
ʱ˫˫ǴŸЦɣ˵ʲôôٵŶأ
ҷŵһѣֱüۺһ̬ʮָ󶯣ڼнǸˮģޣÿڴϾϹᣬҶһüͷ
ԣɣЩɣģ
ҵħΣţָмѣ죬ŸιҳԣֱˬˣһҲӵݽ軵ˣǵֱȴҪ
ԣҿǹЦ˵öԣʵ̫ˬˣٺ٣
ôλַ飬Ķ˵ľɫỤֱ̊˵ռĿ갡
ة࣬ź
⴫һ
վһߵ棬ֻһӱһİӰóһšĴ粻ִʲ𣿴ˣǸĸ󣬳ֵĸְҵˣȻһֲ߻ˣɸطϣǺܷ
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ҸһƵѾߣһԺѾ߾뿪ˡڱԺڵͥԺ洦ԺŸֻľЭĴţңеúйɣЩľ޼ĺۼӦûֲˡ
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ת˸˴ﻨ㣬СˮϪˮľдУʻأɾһ㣬һ˲˼
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ʵҲǴҵĹͣĸȫҪһŬûоʵҵôнĳɼûгд󳼵ϣܸĸнĳЧأһжǴҵŬֻǳһѣ
Ұǫ
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뵽壬һǾ÷ǳҸôõţ򸴺أ
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ɢ˵ķ飬һϲ΢ӳڷ۾޳ȴϵǡôγһؾټһСС룬һжƽȱ
һ˫ˮͬһˮԣκУҪһɶصƣһݴҰԣ͵ʱֻ뵽һݣǾǷ绪
ͬĸ߹󣬲ͬڼȻƺһջ˵ľ˾绪֮ˣУȻ˵ͱȻˣֻһֶصķ飬һ̡
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ÿׯ˱ϾһŮΪܸСģҵһЦ
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ׯԣ˵ĽҼ磬ֻ빫ӲҪᣬ֪Ϊˣ֪ӾΪɫҡԲȡʲôֻǳĽѣ
Ȼô˵ĶǳջԣʵҲΪׯˣϾֻԼôˣܵõǿԮܣֻÿЩҶǺģ΢̾ˣʵ˼˷ģػ˸ģ뻪Ѿ̸Ӧ֪һἫ˶ص
ׯлӣгܸ֮ҵҶܵλʱҵع֮
ҲǴ⣬عͳһǳģֻҪЩ˳عʱұܱ֤ǵ棬һһصᣬλͬʱҲóûȥ˵
ѾһУ
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˵ŽƱǰһ֪Լˣʱ·ϣȫׯ˰Ҿͺˣ⣬н֮ׯڶŮˣıַ绪סˣҲ֣




138 Ů

ׯԣ̬ȵΪƣӴĽɫ⣬΢Ȥӳ˵˵ЦЦģǲûйǵĶϣׯĸԸİңΪ˵õҵİе彻ס
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ׯӯӯл
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УТҲţȨ봺ѳ֣԰δȫңѾеˡ
֪ļиȷʵ˽⣬ô´γʱҿⶩüƻ
ҴŪط
ׯ΢һϴķӦҹȡҹһ֧ңҵ͡һǡҹ񣬶ҲТңԵʱǻȽȡ
ҵͷʾףֲ֪࣬ԵʱӦȽȡͬʱͨǽܱСɽҪ֪ɲһСЩشϣкпڣѾ㷢չˮʱϷΪ壬ˮ·йʤ㡣
ׯ˼ҳ˼ʱֳĵĲһֿҪ֮ûκι˼ɣϵõ£Ըջˣׯ΢ң΢΢ѹʲôأ
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еİֱׯ˷ľԼǰƺûһֿȴƫƫѵټ˾ӣһӡ
ׯֻҵķУ΢΢ƽһ£㴽ܼܲˣ
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Ů΢죬ֻȴĶңׯǧĵĺһ۵˵ĻǶѣλôܾܾ˳أ
ȴ֮֮ŮȷˣʹׯֳϣѷҲֻѷѡҾϲǣҵϷḻĻԾ飬ګګпǶŮȻǴ֮ϲʤȻׯȡҵİΪŮɫҲ⣬ΪԺׯˣĸԸͶҵĻ
ҿóȴ֮֮Ҵ⣬ִһôûŮԼ÷ھЧӦӢٷ磬ǳģ
һЦȻҼλˣҪǿֵĻ̫ʧˣÿһɣׯ˵ĵȻóȸλ
ȴ֮ΣǿˣôóƷأ
֮Ҳ˵ǣ
ׯ˺ܴ󷽵ĺЦԶԡ
Ȼô˵еĿȴŨ֪˵ǿ͵Ҳ⣬ԹԵĴóֻĴΣɼƷƳɣֻ΢Ů̿϶ǷƷϲ֮Ũ
ҸһЦֻƷʵβȼˣҸǴϣ
˵űΪȴ֮֮÷ΣŮʹףΪ
ΪǴú˿ĵ˵ͷŮϲʤȴ֮ʵĺÿ𣿡
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ҷʵ
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Ц
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ŮԣȷǱз顣ע⵽ׯϽãĽɫаŮ˶ƯǧŲ
ׯ˿Цֵãӵл
Ůӯӯһл
̸һᣬұ뿪ˣϽͱңׯ˴ҳ˱Ժ߳Ժʱͣׯ˵һûأϲϲ
˵óһʯƳɵһ֪ǷƷӦղ͸ϽõķһֵǣׯɫͶǼƷеļƷ
ֻϷָ߹ŵʣҸ˴Ϻ𣿡
չ¶һκŮԳԲѡΪ֮㵹΢Ц
ׯлϲýΪִׯǱѵϸ弡ִ֣Ҳջ֣Ϊʵ̫ˡָׯˣҲշ죬üҺǶ޵УⰻȻˮ˫ͫһˮ鲻ԽҪУ顣
ҶׯĺӣӡȥׯҲ΢ǲδֹҲû⣬ֻǰǡ
Ҳδ̴ǣֻǳֹƷλׯ˵Ľε㴽Ȼ˿ˣʹ˰ݱ𣬳ˣȳ֮գټ
ȥıӰׯ˼ḧԼӣ֪һ죬ׯͶҵĻǾġ
ĲȻ˶Ľ檣ȻԭЩŮԭ̫˲ˬˣôŮȴңҶǳ֪Ȼȫӡˡ
ô˵ǴԺһ˵ׯ˸ͬʱ˵طͶأĻعʱһЩͬʱܽطǣƳ
Ȼ渷
ҵ뷨Т󣬳ƺܲȣЩδضԳĹֻҪ֤ǵ棬а취˵ǣģҴԼͿʱӦ䣬ҾûǱȽаյģ
ڼȻķҺͬ
ػ̫ҲģϣõȻϾ̫ׯ˵ĸ
ˣһҪȥæģˣޱ𣿡
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ҽԼĿ˵˳
ԶЩȽ˽⣬ֻһǵľڸ·ٶܸˣǳֻ֧ԮЧʣ
ɣ治֪ԴﶼװʲôȻ˾⣡
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⵽ǿһҰ
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Ȼǿˣ
ŮͬЦû֦Ҳ
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ȥʯطģԼ̫æѲ뵽ʯطŮӣ߹ҪһжǬңСȥҸɴ಻ȥˣΪҲʯط͵סӲң
ôתˣʯطˣ㾹Ȼȥ飿
ҵжеǳ֣Ϊȫҵ磬ΪӦȥŶԣ
ǰɣôôڼҲ㲻˵ܳȥ黨ǲ𣿡
һƣѵҶͷдšɫǡ
ϽһԷңΪˮ밴Ħڿ޶ܷݰԣĿתΪҪתǲܵģżɹʯطע⣬һΪ
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ٻԣҪȢţԺǿѿǱ𣿡
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Ůȫ˷ܵĿ⣬Ȼȫеϡ
ҸհΪļĹ౧뻳Уֵ⸧ŪһһУüĿ飬ҷеĲλҲˬʱŮĿ⼯ϣֻڡ
ͣж˿ڿˮʲôôң
Ϊ󸾵ļȻʱ̬ɣһͬȢԺǳΪǵĽʱѿǵıˣҪŬŶ
ԣʵǿЦãΪôɶ֧׷龹Ȼչóϼ򵥣ҿǡ
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ƽ۰Ͱңһܲ˵ӵˣˣܵóˣ
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ۣˣưѵпʯСҲ棬̫ʧˣȻҾˣ
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ӰǶһԹԵľѳ㴽һĨүǶֹĵ֬ŨȴһҲڳס׵Ĳӣʹڽ͸ޱȸ߹ʣ֮ͼȻѷɫ١
ʯط˸󣬶ƺԷһ㣬ʯطʣƴŵ֮ɫסңоȻż¶̾ȻӢӣٷ磬ȴִŷŵʣ΢΢ǣճһĨаƫƫһµȫɢȻʣɡ
Ҳʯطˣ˵һֵֺĸоһһĸоǰ£Եһ㣬Ҳ֪ǷĸоǴĿҲܸое




139 ҹ

ʯطȻжܵ𺳣ǱǶûֳһ˿ʯطǳŵǳǳһЦӣطѾˣͲټŻȥɣ
ҺȻһЦʯС㶼ˣҪôˣҪɱŶȻڿľ˵ЦǼ˶һʶࡱı飬Ʋѡ
ʯطҲ̴ڣǳЦҲ£ʯطԱߵλáʯطתǼϣϸϸľ˶ǳԵԼһȻƺ⣬ŮȻԼģôһŪȻĸˡ
ʯطǳЦӯӯҵǰ۴ԹŶżططǺᷳǴ˴ԼӣӾܾƺҪطӣӲŻطط״
΢΢һЦʯС㻹𣿡
ʯطһЦҲλӴة࣬λȨأӵ˶ĴȨˣȻطôճأ
ʯطƺΪةһҲںƺﺬ̣Ҹоǹġ
ֻ΢һʼ磬ÿɷ񡣵ǲľΪҳԵʯС˵ˣǱԻ᲻һΪλȨصة࣬˾ǳ裬ֻҪһ仰ةˣֻҪһ仰ͿȨֳҰƫƫһҪةʱűǿΣǲ˽ة֮λˣ
԰ְĵģӸǣةҲǱƽܣ벻ͨôֹ̥ģ
ƽӵĵ
ǵģǶʲô޹һᣬ磬ңãȨƵλٸҲ޵ģ쳾Ʈ죬»縡ƣٻ̣
ҳд̾˲⣬иж
ʯطӹʣǶ˵ĻǸȤֻͬ̾ط⣬ǮȨȴ翣ڣң
û뵽ʯСȤͶ
ʯطһۡ
ʯطûע⵽һ㣬̴֪λʲô֮ˣ
䣬ıԹˣ³ƾŽı飬껹ʩƣվƱʮǵĳֱ۫νǰ޹ˣС֮˷ǳĪΪʤ䣬ǹĪ⣡
ȻʯطûҰģҲǰһ¡
Ǿˣѹ˳ˣ
ʯطһЦ
ľЦֵܶ¹Ϊ¹䷨ҴأҲǳΪظĸǳΪģ
ƽͷڲòˣ
ʯطƵƵʱƺϼ͵ĵҲ书ƷʵҲֵˣ
һܲ˵ӣûٸҴñҿɲף
Ҳɣ˾ԲǺüһ
ʯطʵʯСʷλֻأ
ʯطһƬȻطκһˣͽֻĿѣʹطķˣ
ƽ˾Ƕݲѣʯطҵļ˵λطһ°ɣڳһˣ˵֪ŵ£ȥƸΪࡣʹ˵һֻ꣬ȥǧˣڽͲֻ꾿Ը¹ͷأԸβأʹǴȻԸβ˱˵ȥɣҪβأľǺʯط֮⡣ֻȫ׵ģĵʯСùƩ˵ׯܰɣ
ʯطǳעĿ񣬰ڼµָһĴָҹȻѧţҼңңҲѧׯܣϧ޷ңڣ޾
ʯطʵû뵽ҲϲׯܡȷʵطҲǷǳ⾳طԽԽˣ֪أǶӣطĺȤ֪֮ˣ
΢΢ҡͷҲûʲôˣ۵ֻسҪһҪѪʷǰıȻνһſݣʷֻŴѰ׹Ƕϵˣսֻ˵ܿȻǰգ޶ӱ߹ǣˣ
ʯط𾪲ѣ˻֮̾ԣνԣҲֻгӲ뵽ô㣬طղòԳӰݷ
΢΢һЦΪ֪Ҫعǿȡʱ䣬С˺ͳһ£һƽɵùң
ľԺ󣬸ҪúŬɴҵмģʯطҵסĿ֮ɫң˵ĸӸоֻط۽磬طҲòϣԼԳ֮
ʯط˵֮ҲǺںֻǵĵʯС㲻ôʵÿ˶ֵñĵطҪСÿһƽˣΪһƽˣᣬˣнĹһҪÿƽİʿϣڸĸĳɾ𣿡
ʯطɣң̾һ֮ԣȷǷʡطˣطܽˣ
΢΢ҡֵʯСҲôⴿѼ죬ֻǷһ¸˵뷨ѣʯСҪ˶񣬿ɷˣ֮䣬ֺأʯС㲻Ըѣ
ѣطԳΪӵطѣû뵽һѾȻعһ֮֮ϵĳӣ
ʯطʵ
ʯС㣬ҵݣǿѶûŶ
ЦŴȤ
ʯطԣ̬ĵطû˼˵أ
һԴ˵λǲǲ̫ð
ľԶŰȣʯطҲһһƵĵ˵һʲô뷢ˣôôడ
һ̯ةడıʯСļˣҿĵôͶʯСǰ㵱һλˣֱˣٴſɾǲֵˣ
˰˵ģһû㻰࣬ڲԡ
ʯطôةȴ˲񷨣໥Цڲͬ˵Լ⣬ҲɬϾûб˵ûһ˺øУΪԼһἰûоŭ˵ĸζʯطԼҲ֡
ƽͬͬȾһ㣬ة࣬˰зСмӣʯСҲǶ࿴˵ʵˣ»ֻгةʸˣˣҾԻΪǱƽģ
˺ˣٸҴñˣ˼ʯС㻹أǾͲͻ˰
μƣȻ⻰˵Ŀˣô˵֪ʯطôء
ȹһ˵û˭֪ǳةһȴû˼ةͻ˵£һ㶼ģ
пѪ£ֱӿŵĵһԵҰɡС
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ЦһЦʮ٣Ȥľӣƺͦ
ʯطһҵĻǺĵ
ҺǺһЦʯС㣬ЦΰٲģһãЦڳܶʱĲܲҩɴ˿ɼЦʵҲҪͬʱҲһֹۻϵ̬ȣΪʲô˵һ仰ط˼أ
ʯط΢ף˼Ƭ̲ŵ
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ʯطĸţҡҷˣ񡢼ˮŮԵ֮Уֻ֮˵޷뿪֡ʯط뿪ٻӰʱ֮⣬˶βŻع
ƽ̾ʯСŮеŮˣ̫Ůζˣ˾ɫˮֻҪ˶̲סİǲǰС棿
Сǽлˣ˭СأҲôһ㣬ԾͱǸɴгƺΪСˡƽʵ˼͵ǰ̫ˣŮ̫ˣ
ȴͷɥǱˣʯСһ֪ǵĳة˼ǻʡʡɣ
һҪҹȥƤ˰ɣ
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ҲæˣȻƽʱܺ˵ǰǱңҿе˵İ취ǿɲңҶñʲôıӰЦȺһ˵ûû
Ż˺棬߳¥ſʱͣת棬һı飬˼˼һ㣬ľһվôߣʯС㶼ϢˣǸˣóϲҿʯСҲͦģлᰡ
˵ʲôûע
һعŵղûϸ
ľһҴܵӣƽҵĳة࣬㲻ǱԺͿ˰ɣ
ǲҪΪûˣһʵģ
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Ҹ󣬴һ¥ڣƮȻ뿪¹ĴϣΰܺãǹƺϣԷҲûˣȫضȡ޷УΪΪн˵˰֮һ
Ϊ豻õĴᳫԼ뷨ϧǶ̫ˣ
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ڸ˹˶㲣ʯСΪڴأ
һдԣǶôİȴϤޱȵ
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ʯطվǰɣžϲʯطӣطδԼӣΪγȴطأǲǳʲôˣ
һЦָһңָµǰʱ˵Ⱥü˾õأʯС仰»֪һ
ʯطͣصüãʱԣӯת˳ͥʯ·ǰطᵽ仰ǲǾһ˵ӵģطΪ̫Դ˰ɣ
ҡȸߣеľ˶ѾʯСľɫ֮£Ļ˼ϸʯСǰ仰ءԴֻȷʵѣʯطԣŭѵط֮˲ӷۣԳӲעطǰĻ𣿡
ղŻԼң˵˶ɫΩԼûУʯطҲŮҸղ֮Ե˲ȴ¶һЦݵҲȻΪʯС㵹νƲɫԣһлǳģĲززʯС㻹Լ𣿡ʯطչһЦʱذٻȻʧɫҲ̾ǻһЦʯСľˣһЦѾˣ˵ŻַԼĶͷʾ⡣
ʯطһԽطݼһֻƭŮң
΢һʼǵǣȻ˲ˡҳ貢һˣԳΪСˣһҾƭŮ˵ĸ飬ƽȶԴŮˣԴÿλӸģҳ
ʯطҵطɣһصˡ
ͥУʱȻижҹ˽ʱʱʤ
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ʯطʫ䣬΢ɲһʯطײҵ䣬Ϊγܳڳ£⾳֮Զֱطв԰ΡҪطŸģطȥҪƭȥˣ
ҴԩֻижǹΪ֮˲ݣ֤ޣ¸߹£УѵʯСУֻһƭȡŮ˷ĵ𣿡
ʯطǧĵĺһ۵ط˵ˣղų˵һ䣬طȥҪˣ
Һ⣬¶һŵЦݵ²ӦΪ֮ϲŶԣ
ʯطռطˣ
û˻᲻벻ռ˵ı˰ɣ˵¿ɲǳռʯСˣʯСʱرĸдɣ
ҿʯطѾŵϵĴ㣬Ƣ
ʯطû뵽һ˿΢죬дΣƲƵĿ⡣ݣٲ㴹ں㷢絶磬ʱʯطһݲ˼ĸ߹ףʱһˣˮˡ
ʯط֪Ϊʲôһۼ˵ĸоƺʶܾˣҵĸоһ£ǰԵ
Ե
ʯطЩճյľ׽δʴʻ㡣
ʵʵĿסʯطӦշ̣ؿڣ΢ˣұһ룬΢΢ӡ
ҵʳָ촽ϣʾҪ˵µգҹ£յ£е£
ʯط΢Щң˵ĸӸоʱʯطδעʱѾȡһʯطȵͻȻеûлشֻǱ֮һ΢Ц׸ΪΪе¡
ʱû֪ҵñ˵ʫʸҲġе¡ңΪ椣ֻ˵Լˣƻթ޳ܡңˣҷˣˣINGҿге¹âŸɣѽժ£˵Ļֻ˵ҵרˣעҪΪţҵѰҼҵļûлҵĻȴɽȵңһʼûϵ۰͵͵֪ѡ꣬еó̵ǰֻΪ㣬ôûΪµ࣬˿̵ɽȷ·˵㣬е¹âҵƯͣ㵥ˣɽһдߣ㰮̧ͷӵ⣬ҵ¸ǰ߿һǻͬһƬգһʼûϵ۰͵͵֪ѡ~~еó̵ǰֻΪ㣬ôûΪµ࣬ɽȷ·˵ڴ˵˼ãе¹âҵķҷŲ£еó̵ǰֻΪ㣬ôûΪµ࣬ɽȷ·˵㣬˵㣡
ʯطδŵУܸܵҵд볪дķģǿᰮ֮ˣͨɵܲܵ𺳣ƺΪ˵һ㡣
ã嵯˼ɸתͣӳᣬδֱᣬʱʯطУҲδᣬҲֻи˽⣬иߵ⾳
ιʯطжһֶƺͬˣ˵б仯ʯط΢̧Ŀϲɫֻ࣬طףΪʲôƽԳӱƳˣҲѹַƽڳӣ
Ҵ⣬ЩȻʯطֻЦ֮׵ķϣδκƳ磬ȴмѣʱ˵̬ȫͬ޵Ůһ㣬طŮˣȻܸо֣
ƣ
Ҹе֣Ϊʲô¶˴ʯطʶƣֻһֿܣʯط̽ͨһ㣬治ɫʯСƣҲ֣˵ҳֱ
ʯطȴͻȻƤһЦû뵽ʶˣͲ˼𣿿
ʯطͻȻһתǳ϶طŷƽ϶飬Ů˵ֱطѳֲס
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Ҳÿɷ
ʯطȻһЦƽദʱӦò̰ɣƽطǰԳƳ籶ȴʵҲطصĿģ
𣿿ϧʯСȴδ¶ģҲʯС԰ɣ
ҹȤ
ʯطĵİһ۵ѵһμҪطϳ𣿲طȷǶԳЩģŬһʱ˵طͶӵĻ
ʯطԽ˵ˣ֤δģǴȴܸоʾ֮⣬Ǵ̼쳣ʯطһرŮˣҲǰԵȻʯط׷ׯ⾳ŮӲ˰ʾ
ҸһѼ΢΢һЦȻˣôܲѪأѼ͸ʯС㣬ϣϲ
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Ȼһԣ׷ұ㽫⼪ʯС㣬տʼʯСε࣬ʯСܵøһ׷ɣ
ҺܴĽڵ
ĵĺһۺʯطӣΪطܾܾ𣿡
һЦûлش𣬶תȥֻЦű߱ߵճݻʯС㣡
ʯطǸ㲻裬ȥıӰΪʲô˵ʾĻأ
˵꣬ͻȻ뵽һѿڶôƾóġ




140 ԯ

գҶ¥ܣȻΪ˽ʯط༪ΪŮǳڴܽΪǵĽãѿݵɸˡ֮ĿģԷȥ׷ʯطҿǼˬ֮Ϊʯط٣ǽ˺ܶྫϵĽȻ֮䲢δ໥֮ȴ˵ĸо
ĸ֣طȫȴ˺ܶµ뷨ط׳
ʯطںǿģ׳˷ܡ
ǺǣԽ͸ģ͵ֻ֮ܣҵ˼𣿡
ʯطԣ΢Ц
ͻ˵ģ
ʯطһ۵ȻƲ⣬ҸоȴܸˣΪ͸ϲۣȻֻһ˿صúܺãȷʵ¶еʵܡ
ҶİۣܿŵĵڵϵˣҵĻ궼ˣ
˵Żһؿڡ
ʯطˣңһֺЦı飬ε˾Ͳطˣ
ٺһЦҿδң֪ʲô˲Ƶס𣿡
ҵ˵Ļʯطʮֲ⣬ΪƵסңΪһ˵⣬ʯط͸ź֮ɫʲôˣ
صĿĶԣʯطôֱܿŪ죬ֵĺһۣδҶ۵ƵҵˣȻҵˣҪң޸Ҿˣ
˵һߣʯطգεңݸ죬̺ˣֱϢʯطδ˵ǰȵ٣ͽ̵˴»æȥˣ˼ˣ
˵Ҿһ̵ܵòӰˡ
ʯطһûĽ̬СŮ֮ˣʯط¶һ˿ЦݣЩƤЩ룬виĶӣȴûһط⣬Ϊʲô̶գطͶЩԽأ
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һ˫ָΪһнָԭԺӰкȥ

һӰ¹͸䴩ңҽ΢¹̿ˣҲӲֹסʽ;УΪʯطô뵽ô棬͵ҵж
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΢΢һЦشֻңԶаҪʼˣͳһ²ԶӣʱҲҹ֮ʱˣ




141 

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֮գڵˣҴżȻŮԼ켸ǧϸǰߣ֧Ԯ꽫һʷսۿʼˣ




142 һ

ҹ̸·ֻΪڵһʱϵǰߣ֧Ԯ꽫Ϊ֪ϵԽãԽǲҺзɸ봫ţԼʱն򣬶ЩѾҸֻҪһųϢֻҪ΢ʶͿҵøԼɵ
·Ӫҹ§Ů˵壬ѵڽŵĸ·зһ¡ͬʱл뵽뿪ǰʯطһμ桭
ھʮΣѾҳ
ʯطţϢ˵˳
ʯطɫִ䣬Щ԰Ѫ˿ӣ˿ۣҹʵû°ɣ
ʯط΢΢ҡͷȻֻҧʵܲܲȥ
΢Ȼ漴׵ʯطңҳ£ԲſƲסԼҡҵһס֣΢΢̾һȥΪҪʱҲȥܿЩĳɹҪһҲȥ̡
ʯطûס֣ӵҶţطҲҪ뿪طΪϣƽ¡
طҪȥμ٣𣿡
ʵ
ʯط΢ףҽ˽֣ȻһᵽȥģһȥģҪң֪𣿡
ʯطת𴦣ûлشңֲԾսҵ֣֪ܹңʱֻطиˣףӺˣ
˵գһ񣬲ЩҵĸоٻӰ뿪ҵߣҵ˼ֻصڣԼȻᡢ¶ǽߡȻҶʲôأô񣿡
һߣǸһǰۣȻ϶ʯطȻôôأ
ֱѹϣǷͻ飬ֱѹҵǰ²ֵŤ壬Ħңһѱס£ݺݡٸҵϷΪÿΪ¸ֳƳ
¿һЦ磬˼ҿɲ£˼ҰͲͷأҴס㴽Ʒһŷſûһ۵˵㶼˼ң
§ᣬЦˣҵλߣֲ˼񣬻пȥ°ҶȲҪú۰һأ
ȻЦɣѵôһú۰һŶ
ҷſĻȻˣھҪǺÿҪ춼˴
˵գұ㷭Ƚѹ£ʼԸзַţѣҿɲܺúõŮ֮úλ˵壬ķɡ
ڸϵǰߣĴפһƬߵأǰɭֺһЩ򵥵ķ£Ϊǰ͵ԵҴʱȻһƬ䶯ֻ뽫ʿǴ˸кżȻŮȥС
һȥʱͼϣϢƺ弫ƣܹͣˡһҽһƫڡһȻ֪˭ͬʱμӳة࣡
ǰߣǽң۾ңչһЦ˰ǶҵˣȥҪˣ
ҵͷ꽫ģһǵģúϢһнҰɣ
վλƫȥнҪƶһսƻ
ǣȥ
ƫ뿪
˼䣬뿪УͬȻ´УûþͼλҲǶһ㣬һģǾ˴սǿҲǷǳƣкȦǲǣ
ʾλȽڵսңи׼Լⶩ֮սԣ
һλԵة࣬ǺܲҾͻϮҶԷսԼǡʹ۽˲ʿǰԱ࣬൱鷳û㹻ҽҩʳڴ˴ҲȲѡ
һλة࣬ڶԷԺΧ֮ƶֻީһ·ҷԱ࣬ʵ޷ٸ·ǵҲܵشҪǱǰҹ͵ϮɱǲƥԺѿٸ·
üʵ֪Է֮Ǻˣ
ǽ漴ص֪֮ˣԹ԰ƺоʦΪʱֶУǵĴƺһֱȿžƣ꽫Ǳо֪̽Ǿʦˣ
Ȼâ֪Ǻˣ
λ̻ص֪Ϊ̽ǰ̽ϢֻüԷɸ봫أȴ˻ӦǱֺ󡭡
һλʱ¶һɲɫʵ˺µģǾһˣһУɱ˲֪ǺˣҲ֪ʲ˭ȴŹһһ˾ܶɰǧˣɱ˲գۡǷֺ
ʱҲ¶ɫǵʱ龰ֲ֮Ǽ£޷˺ҲоأȴϲЩҹϮļıǳŹ֣ò뵽ģӦǸصľʦǸ׵ĹҾΣǶ񽫡
ͼģ
ʵ
һ˽ͼϣϸ˿ȻʱĿһת뾡ީǣֻдϢأ׷ᣬǱһ취˦ǣҪֹһʱУ
֪Ѿ˴µļƻˣֻ취ˣ
ҳ
ٿһµͼ󣬱˵ձ뿪ީǣ׷а취ӦʱͿҵľˣ֮Ȼ꽫޷ָӣɶָӣȻԲ߻
ȻȻǵͷӦʣЩ쳣ͬʱ˱ʣһͼǵҪճǰãǼʱҾҪֹǰ
ڽʿǲ⣬Ϊⶫʲôҽⶫ򵥵Ϊǽһ飬ǳ⣬ֻǲʲôãֻһЦȥйǰæҹЩ֮Ϳó
뿪󣬾ʵЩʲôã
ǸݣþܽڿУǳãҪһг䲻⣬ԽЩǾԽлɳã
ҽ͵
ôĶܽУ
ʼӺ
ˣϢɣǱǰީǵң
Ҵߴٵ
ܣҪ赲ǣҪٱ
ĵʵ
΢һҡͷʱǲʧҾһһ䣡
ʲô
˾Ǵ󾪣ɫ䡣
гĵģзִ磬оԵİ赲ǣҵı죬ǼʮҲҺΣǾͷģҵ֮£в
ȻڹҽʿһЩȥׯˣʣµ㹻ˡ
Ȼ˻һۣ뵽ǹĪʵȷʵõġ뾣ȥϢˣ§żȻŮɵϣúϢһ
ڶգұҹƵķһµĵطվ֮ϣǰȥܼ۵ĺˮΧľ֯һΣ˶Ϊ£ʱվڴ˴ΣϣѾ˶ԲߣҪǴõĲˣ
ϣ̴ީǣֻҷص´һķգҹɫڻӦϵ糿ʱ֮ƣҪ赲£ֻҪǲǲóȻôҾʤˣ
˳Ŀٳˣ´ֻŵŷǵ׺ҹգʮƯƺҵҲУİãҲźһֻˬģʮ֪Ҫ赲ӣĵöҵʵˡ
գһվϵңѾоɱֻǰһƬ̳ѹѹһƬȻ֮ڣǲöԸֻһرۣף
ķݣƯڿУųһֱߣ龰ɷ׳ۣзǰʱͣǰˣҺ裬û뵽㣡û뵽֮ؾȻսʵ̫ϧˣ
ǰҲû뵽첻Ըɣұ赲ǵȥ·ˣ
ֻǵһЦӦ
۾Щݣ֮ɫȴΪ赲֮ڣ㻹Ͷɣ
ҡͷǸǲͶģҲͶΪҾа취赲ǣŵĻǾ;ԣ
¶һ΢Ц˸ӵĳɷ֣ңȴ˿κɲЩݣҲЩĶ
һУӭƮбɱ֮ƣΪʱûзֶԶδ֪඼п־ģҾͿԽôʵɱƲߣ˾ɲȡʱ䡣
ʱ԰Ҳԣ԰̾û뵽ջսˣϰ
Ҳ֣಻ɣ
֣֣û뵽ǻսҲɣôǲǹȥģΪܴùȥ;԰ɣ뵽ʱǾͻ֪ˣ
ҹô˵˾ɣ
˻ضУ˸ƣʱҪ԰üһ˵¿²ǣ£ȻһҲ£Ǻ壬֣Բأ
Сĵĵܡֻ֣һˣ˼ı֮ߣǳ˿ɱȣһְǡ
ҲһĪչλԣ˱䣬ñԸΤ֪һˣڴʱһ֮߳˷ݵı书ȴǳ˿ɱȣ˴οҲмıұҶ
԰ͷĳҲ˼
ǾǵģҲðգϾ̫ˣ
ͬеĵ
ȻǵĻڶڣһﵽҵĿ꣬ڵ϶ã֪Ǹصľʦ᲻ῴҵļƻǸȫеĲˣԽԽҺˣⲻǴеôҾ־һ
ʿʵڲҺ«ʲôҩǾ۷׷סʲô
֪һôֵĶǼƲҲ˵
϶ǼƲߣôˣƲҲһҲǲ
һ˾͸˯ޣʳʵģ˲ð
ȻüЩаЦǲ۷ŪѣΪԼܿҵļıҸɴһеӣ׼õľƺһƨڴڿʼˡ
סˣһ˳ȥ׼̽һҵĵףұ治ɫǳһһЦӿϷıҪҲãÿ֣Ȼ˷ˣɣҶȵòͷˣ
پԣ̵ϻ죡Сթ
Ƕ̻صңһ岻̬ɫܾôһ޿ֵӣ˵ʲôУɱǴֲ
ұ̾ϧôֲأϧϧǾܳȥˣʵʵҿô죬ľսֻҪѹǣǾûа취̫СĵֻõĻᣡ
ɣǶÿȥ̽̽ʵ
һȴԵЩȴսȻһЦݺ⣬΢أҪˣֻ֣Ӧ




143 

ֻӶԷ߳һȫףҲסĴ˳Ȼƺܱأһ۾ͷӯܲ˼飬ӴĿ׻ӯⱾ˵˲ͨˡ
һѳì״ìͷмֲ棬Ĵһ㣬ͺǹ졣Ҹоеɱ⣬˫۾ڤеʳħһ㣬ܴĵ־壬ȻָͨˣҶԣô㾫ϵĹΪ壡
ֻ̤ǰ¶һ˿Цݵ֪˭Ӧ֮һɣ֪ʲô֣
Ȼ򵥣ҽĪ죡
׵ҽܵ
Ī죿ĪʲȻ˵㣬ܱȰݹҪˣһ˵֣
ҴĶĪ
ĪƺҵȻҵ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
֪Ҳʲô°ɣ
΢һʼ磬
֪һսʿ𣿡
Ī첢ûеһش𣬶ֱӵǾսսʿֻսϲ壬дڸУսʿչҲսʱɵıȻսϣ
νսʿ壿Ϊʲôսأ
ֻȻ
ҵ׷ǿսʿҵʱ䲻࣬ҪսôǿĶֻ֣ǿߵĽУҲܸоԼĴڣ
ĪƺźŨı˵ŵĻǻɬѶ
ʵ˵Ҳ̫ͬ˵Ҳ޷㣬Ϊÿ˵ͬۼֵҲͬͬ˻Ϊ˲ͬȥܶڱɵԼΪҲȨȥν
ҿʼѧ˼룬ҲǴӶ￴̫࣬һʱпͶ˵ˣ
Īìңָҵˣսʱˣҵʱʣֻ࣬ϣǿһսоԼĴڣҲѰյĹޣ
ô򣿡
ҵʵ
Īһһƽսҵս
ԣ
һһзֿץס˽̽бָ棬˵ƿʼʹ󣬻ཻ֯һսһ
ʱͻȻһһֽƲʹһ㣬޷ĪŭɫֻӰһӰӣӰͣһɫ·ҹеĶ̿һ㣬һɲͬĪɱ֮
ҲڲţҺܿ϶еģΪĺ¶˺ᡣֻĪ죬ϵЩĵսܿϧûлˣǱҪˣΪĴڣѾǵļƻ˺ܴʣѾϵգӦ
ƫᣬ˼ĸоĪĻŭҹӰҵսҷҵĻһɱ㣡
ҹӰƺ⣬Ī죬ʱ䲻ˣǹԹԵ£ɱʲôֶΣôΣյˣɶһգ
ͱˣһһͬɱ
Ī캮ȵ
񽫻ûʽҲ֪֮˭
ҹӰƺҲŭ⣬ΪĪ첻£
۾һƳеĵҹӰ˵˵ȥǺûʹҰɣѵΪɱң̫˰ɣ
ҹӰŵĵǸ裡ҵӰɲô׾ͱƵģҵĿǲܵģ͹ԹԵɣ
Щ˵ò̫ԣ֪𣿡
¶һ˿Ц
𣿡
ҹӰÿɷ
һֽͻȻһ𣬱Ӱס壬ͻȻѿнâһзǣֱȡҹӰؿڣҹӰѺֻ΢һҿ콣ϮӰһ㣬㿪
ʱĪì˼ƣͻȻЭٶȣŷХìᴩ˿һ㣬ǧ֮ƲɵֱұϮ
ҹӰҵĽкҲ̴лѶֻ̽ŴӰϮٶ֮죬ۼ޷壬߼йջؽƣǰһԾţм𣬱ܹ˼й
ĪֱֱӭҹӰҹӰͣûзһ㣬ӲǺƿȥĪһ̸ɨҹӰ̣ҹӰһڿͻȻΣѶ̽ͬźâƿնĪվԶʿܸоεʹ
ҴʱҲǿֱӲϽһнգбм䣬һҹӰĶ̽ͬʱûһƬ⣬̼ʮĪкǿĽ籩ıһ㣬Ħ죬ڵǱʮۡ
ͻȻĪХһìǶһ䣬תһڣŽ֮ƣһֱҵĽУӲԵ棬ҹӰʱ͵ϮѪĺڹ⣬Ϣһ㣬ֱȡұ
һ漴һвӭͣƫֻìļͷͬʱ˳ìתжĪìжһߣͬʱûκγɣʹһӻͷ˸һǿֱҹӰ
˼γɵĿ񱩵񱩷һ㣬ܾʿǱȱƵ˼紵ɳʹǶ۾޷˱ԣȻ˴ƺδȫһ㡣
Īһŭȫ񱩵ƣǹһ㣬ֻһŭȣأ
ҹӰʽֺ֮ɫҲ룬αˣ뿪ȥǿͬƬһķɢԽһƬԼصܲ͸硣
Īì״Կ֮ƣػ棬ƺͬܵʯ׹һ㣬ǿĳɳʯȫȥɢ涼ֱӷһһģֱӷѹЩʿЩʿŵ˫ȷܶһʱӣȫѹ»ˡ
⻹ûɵըһ㣬ͬǿҵķһ㣬ҪܣЩʯģȫ綹һг˲֪ٿ飬ҹӰһȣ˫أ罫Щȫ赲⣬֧סЩʿûôˣ˲ǰһƬʬ
ҰһȥɲУû뵽ôһ˴ⲼջЩͭǽһ㣬û˿˺У˫ִ򿪣ǰԲ񱩵ͬڶһ㣬ȫŤת˫ּĿռ䡣
˲ǿ񱩵ȫΧңһʼʹԼңһȵ򻯹һ˳Ȼ
˫ֲͣͻȻ˫һ֣һӷƽ˾ǿ񱩵˲תΪ΢ɢ
ʱĪΪģ뾶Լڼʮңһ޴ӣЩǰʿѾ˵ȴǿֲʽȻҿ㣬ЩһϾֲֻƾıըʽãʹﵽЧǲСЩ̬ļһ
ҹӰʱ̽磬˫ֳſPOSEͻȻʧ˲ԾǰâһֱҺڴ׼Ը˫ָ£ΪͻȻӲǼڽҵĲ֮䣬ĽҵָĦ
һΣν˲䵯ʮҹӰٶȷǿþˣҵӵ죬һȥһ컨ֱ꣬˱޿ɱܣҹӰӣתһӲǵסҵ컨ꡣ
ҿɲᣬһнһ㣬磬ףһҹӰҹӰԽ񵲣нζǧ򻯣Χ裬ֻϵĺ²Ƭ裬Ͻۼࡣ
ĪʱһìֱͱңܱĽУֿ̽ǿ޿ƥеſͷųӲǽĪĹ쳤ì赲סĳìͷƼ翪⣬޷벽
ұһͬʱ𿪣࣬գƷмƵһȵƸƣ
ƾѹͬϯһ㣬Χһжǿķ羢˴ɣ޴ѹĪҹӰͬʱѹסһ£нâǣͬһ㣬ֱ£һ죬ԭѾĴӣøˣͬʱҲˣƬ漸ûһƬطġ
ЩʿŵѪɫʱȵȥĿң
Ϊ˱Ҳȥ˼ˣֱصķȥֻҪ£ˣǲɵģҹӰĪ컹ûֿƣУְ߳ҵһƺӡһХ
ҿкȵѣ
űһƬѩӣ˺̹ǵĸоҵ滹һƬ׶״ı飬£ѩΧĻģԵ˵ͻأ澰̾Ϊֹ
˿ɲܣЩʿӲǱ򸲸Ǳѩİ״ֹ˶ŵЩʿɴſڵأѾŵòΡ԰ǵһȻûôҲòȥʱѾͷ֪ǺãһеķչѾǵˣѾǵ
ŽңָˣȻĵκ˸Խߣݹҳ²飡Υɱ
תҹӰѾָղҵķƸƣʵܣɲһܳܵģܻѾܲˡҹӰıʵûаǸߣкرļܣӰУܿ˵Ļ˵ӦǰɱߣԵʱûԼǿĶ֣ȻһԴԸʱ͵Ϯַ
ҲٸᣬҹӰҲòԾһӰӵӹ׼뿪ĻŹһЦΪܵóҵ𣿺ߣǻ£
𣬴ǿҹӰʱֱӴӵͻȻת·һȫٶȿþˣӰΣȫϸСĶ룬ŵı滨һ㡣
ҴһȣֻһƬ뱻׻⣬ҸӡһƣӴ˲ҹӰ壬һ·ѣһӡͬʱڵҲһӡСһ˴
šͨһҹӰʬءĿʬ壬˵ҼģҲпΪң󣬱̫ǿԵʣһѾҪˡҽͷתĪ죬һƬĮȻɱҹӰҲ⣬ֻú˳ì׼ս
Īֻҵ裬ڰµѾˣǿԼˣ
ҵȻʵѾˣҿһƻΪʵжࣿǻмıҪ𣿡
Уûеһ̣Ǿûнҵսұսһ̣һսʿչ޾սҲսȥΪһսʿģҲһսʿսɣ
Īִŵĵ
㻹ִţû취ֻ˵ӽ쿪ʼ񽫾ֻʣˣһʣ񽫣ͬʱǱǸϣЩ¶һɵİɣͦģϣл棡
ĸȤǱϼ棬Ҳһβļɡ




144 ճ֮

ֻܳԶĹۿĪľ˱Ѿ̧ȥȥ԰ľսĵǲ˼飬Ȼ£Щ˶ǹ𣿡
Ҳµĵ治֪ôֹģʵ˵裬ҸǼˣΪֲ̫̫ˣҾγƺһжǵԤ֮һ
ضˣʱԶԶҵ˵Ĳٳ費һɱ޹ˣܻܶţĪǼ̫ˣҺɣֻҪпܣǲģ
԰ȺعǸʵһвĲս衭
ȷ̫ˡʵ˵ҵڻ㲻Ķʲôá
Խ׳ذ벽û뵽˴Ҳֻ޲߿Ī죬ʵп֣˵ʱ˰ɡ
ŽĪ໥ƵɣսپһҵʵǶΪһսʿأʼɣ
ĪǹȫɱǴսϵԵ»ţӵеɱһηɱǵأҵͷ·޷ԶԶ˸ֻ÷ǳѹ֣͸
ƺһ㣬˶ѾһԣĪɱǺǳˣֻ̱һԣҲ޷ԼһֵĿĪ졣
ĪɱΧƵĵ㣬Ҳҵ֮ɱƺͬʵһ㣬ǿĴ磬ҵ°ڴ𣬳ڷƮҵıȴʼնûı䣬ȻһеɢЦݣ΢΢
ͻȻҶˣףнХһƴâֱĪ죬ҵĶܸǳǿĦĪҹʽƺ⣬ìһһкɨǧһɨ˹ƺҪӲӲһ㡣
һɣƼתֱϺɨĹìһŤƹìĹһӡڵϣƶڿУһ㣬Ī죬ȫ޷ܡ
Ī˳ɨƣһת壬ìתƹֱҵĽ⣬˿˼Լ֣ô˽ҵŤûһƬʮۼĪȻû֪һ㣬ìӲǴӽֱ̽ؿڡ
ҼȻˣȴͬûһ㣬΢죬̱УƾԼǿעڽУһìǹʽк󿪴ϵʽУֱӻâһһĪؿڡ
Ȼһ㣬Īûκθоһһɨңٶ֮죬֮ղй֮һ־ֱۣӲסϮĹìʹĪйì޷ǰֳֺצƣһץסĪĹìһע룬籼ڽˮֱӿĪֱۣϵף̱飬ڵϡ
ϰγ˽ֻìһƣ޴ƾӡĪؿڣͬ߷һ㣬ԶԶɣʱҽҲͣ˲ϣƴĪؿڣǧ֮׹ĪֱӴС
˿âһͻȻ͵ĲУһȣ𣡡
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ʯطԱߣץס֣ʯطֻԵ˼£ץ֣ط֪̫ˣǵʱΪܰؾƣҲò²ߣط˺ͲƯˣ
ʯطƺҶһ㣬ƲͷطƯҲãƯҲãûʲôϵɣ
ֽʯطĽŤ˫ֱֱʼʯطһƬȻǱҶ΢һЩܲסȵĴŨŨĿ⣬ʼر
ôˣΪʲôҪҵ񣿡
ҵһЦʵ
ʯط΢ףԼΪʲôһ·˻һ˵ʯطҲ֪λشһʱֻ֮ǳĬӦԡ
һʵ㻹ҪΪʲôֱݸ飬Ϊʲôأ
㡭ҵĺҡܱܲˡ
ʯط˵ˣȷķȷЩҡ
̧°ͣ޿ɱܵң֪Ӧһҩʯطᳪˡе¡е£
ʯطҳΪĸɲʱļ¶룬ˮ˫ͫѾһˮĽ΢΢ڵ鳪ŵʱʯط̲סҵĻУţ֪𣬵طһȥ赲ʱжൣ֪𡭡
ʯطȻвͣҵĲǣ˫ȴҽ§סһͻȻʧһ㡣ãʯطңҵļ߽طһֱΪԼһֻû뵽طܲ顯֮һء
ķ۱ĵطҰ㣡
еʱϡҰ㡱֣Ϊֵ󵽣һŮ˷һСֻʯطᣬȴҸˮԼ˵ģԼʼ֮ܲһء
ڹ˺ܾãʯطűҰοΪЦȻⲻ˱䣬ִΣҲֵҲˡ
ʯطͻȻһ£ҵƽսȥˣǷҪսʥ
԰ôģսʥǱȻģһսǲɱģģҵʵõģʥҲûʲô˲Ժ󽫻һλ񣡡
üëһһקøƵġ
ʯطһ۵ܿԸطƽ㵽Ǻιϵ˰ɣ
һ˼ģ𡭡ȷʵܼ֡ٿһ°ɡ
ʯط̲طĶˣѵҪط𣿡
̽ʯطڻУֺõ˺ˣΪ˵̹״ӿ
ʯطҲⱻұţɴңһУĵİһ۵ûģ˵ƽ㵽ʲôϵ
ҺٺЦʵ㲻Ͳµαضһأ
ʯطУܲҵ˼Ŵ΢΢Ծԭƽɣ˱ˣѹطƽʱһֱԭƽˣѹƳ磡
ѵɷ軹𣿡
ҷʵ
ʯطꡱЦˣܸ˰ɣ
Һĵ˵ͷ⻹࣡
ʯطһתҵò뽫Լ˽аɣŮ˲򵥣ѵҲգ
΢̾ʵҲ
漴ұ㽫֪ʯطͬʱҲԼ֮ľ˵˳ʯط̾˿ԭǿŮӡעˣҪƭȥˣ
𣿷ǻҪúʹˣ
˵̽ʯطѹϣԸж˵ҽӴܸоǰ͹µĽʯط㴽Ʒ㶡鲻Խʯط˿һҲժģ




147 ϸ

ЩƲס˫Ѿץסʯطĺ飬ͬʱ˫ѾߣҪһʱͻȻʯطķţŵʯطƿңͬһ㣬̺춯ˡ
ϵ·Ҳǵ壬ʯطæһ£ͬʱֵĺһۣ˼ǡ㲻ã
ҲֻŸЦʯطߵڻҪñ֪뿪ǰߣˣ
˵Ծ⣬ϢʯطȵȥȴʲôҲҵˣȻҵıǺ棬ԺʱҲͲ֪ˣʯط¶۵΢Цת뿪ȥˡ
ʱѾѧҴĴû˿õңҸɴţɹɹչԡҲǸѡ񣬲ҵ׼Լɹһٺ١˵ҲݹѰؼǺɰӾֻȡţôôޣҶɫףоɫǵˡ
òװϣ͵㣬ʯطķ䣬ʯطʱѾˣˣʯطߣңСһ㣬ʱƽʱֶׯ߹֮ǸСŮѡ
ұĶգŪɧѣֵĿҵħצҽýĵҪȥһ˵շЩʱа취ƺǣƳˣعͳһսʱҲˣ
ʯط̾ϣһж˳ԺҲҪˣ񼲿࡭㷢ϵЦİɣǸŸɵľҸһʴȵľʱͳһһңξðҵЩ·ɣͳһʼʵʩӦܸƺܶ࣡
ʯطȻЩǾ̾ĵ治֪ʲôˣعĸĸѾ̾Ϊֹˣû뵽ͳһˣ
ٺ٣
Ц
˵ʲôʲôʱߡȥ
ʯط뵽Һϣ͵÷ַֿʹ࣬治һܡ
뿪ׯǻϣȻȥͬʱֱµҪھƻ֮ʣշطǵͿˣƶӦûǶ絽ʱһ⡣Сʤ»飬ѹˣ𣿡
Сʤ»飿࣡
ʯطչһЦʻһ㣬ˡ
ҸͷӣҵʯطʼѣŨŨƺҪֻΪָһ㣬ҵĶҪۻˣѹϣ޼ɵƷ㴽˫ַĹеش˶ʮ壬ȫš
ʯط˿˫Ĵҵļϣˮ˫ͫƵﲨǰĹأţǽ̬һξժģ˸Ķʯط˸߹ŵľɫŮҲ˵ǵĽ̬̲֮סһ
ʯطɡҪĻطԸ㡭
仰һ˿ͱûдԵˣһڲҪΪҴӦƶҪʽȡţȻҴӦǶȻҲͬĳŵҸÿ˶ǹƽģ
ʯطǧһ۵㰡𣡲ҲĶ֮ɣһжɵķԸ˭طԳԽԼȫڳأ
Ȼҽ첻Ҫ㣬ҿɲܳԿҪúõİ飡ҪϤÿһ缡
ҺٺٴŵЦȻħûͣϲţǷ壬ָмѣǾе벻ˣ
ұ뿪ʯطĴȥҹƣׯӦԶˣõƽԭ˰ɡ
Ұԭļƻ·ߣһ·˹ڼ׷ׯ˵Ķ飬ҵĵׯ˿֮ȴ֮֮ϲܼǷǳģҲڶУҵҸʱ̽һ촬һ£뽫һЩִ촬ô˿ܺںϵս
ׯ˵ˣְأҺ⡣ʱסУׯϽױ硣ӴҵģһֲӣӦׯ˵Ȼ˵ֲָǶԳ˶ԣ
ҵ۹⣬ݣֻҽܵСׯףһֱͶԳ֣ܵüӣʵС֮
΢΢һЦĵ㲻ôҲȽġҲֻһͨˣûôžˣ
ׯæҡͷֻ赲ݴֱ˷˼ôһǰ޹˵ĿճǼƣ˾̾ѣڳѾΪܾһ޹ӱıԣ޹书׿δһܣ
ȻʧЦû뵽ҾȻôһƺţԼ֪أ
ׯæС˶ԹӵľԽˮ಻ƺӷһʰԣͽȽˮׯôүľ䣿ұˮǺ˼ڣǿ񺹡ôͻȻǫ̂ʡϴǡţʡү̨ʣ
ʱׯϽȶ˵ֱ̬ׯ˶ׯ׵ȥɣ
ׯ׹صǣ
ׯŮҵıǺ㰡
ׯǳЦӣǿΪӣصȥױһ֪Ӿ𣿡
˼ֵˣɫɲͣ½ѾûθˣλˣĻθȥԶأ
ׯĵĺһ۵ӣǰ˵ЦˡɫɲͣǺ˼һأ
ȴ֮ԣΪһƣɫߣӵӣǴ֮ӵģ
ôܲأ
ЦƱһ£һ֪ǲʤɬȴ֮Ⱦһϼһ㣬ƻһ۶̲֭סҧһڡ
֮Ҳԣ㲻ʤ֮㹫Ӻһɣ
Ȼ
ҺзȵƱ֮
ׯЦӣҲҪһ˻صҪȫΪȸΪ
ׯһ죬޶ˣ˾ôĺžƣƺˣׯ˵ڱԼŷ磬¶һѩ׷۵񾱣Լ׵ջ鹵ȷǿЩڸĸо
ׯ֮ľԽԽڰһУ죬ӣһһϣջˣţֳŮ˵ķϣȹƺ󣬸ǳɱ
ׯˣȻһЦ˺ˣǿϢɣվ͵˰ɣ
ׯʣҵʱ̣԰ѳסɵöҸǺøб΢΢һʧˣʤлȥϢˣ
뽫϶Ůׯһӭߣׯ˴ʱȴͻȻӣ֮⡣ϣλӣԸλϣףҲϣǶҵһùޣ
Ȼ˼Ϊׯ˸ɹΪ̫󣬾Ͳбˣȴ֮֮ŮҲһ㣬ټˣȻ͵ʲôĶ㡣ׯ˵ĹׯϣܽŮиң
֣صͷ˷ģȻ׷˵˼Ȼңһúչǣ
ȴ֮֮˫ڴңаŵ⣬޷ܾοұҲŮұӦׯˡ
ׯοһЦܽǽӣٷĲˣԺǳӵˣҪúĻ֪𣿡
Ůԣ߲ѣȴϲʤߵм䣬Ů§ڻУһúչǣṼǵģ
ׯǳǳһЦ뿪ʣµʱˣԼصԱߵȥϢˡ
ȴ֮дϲĵӣū㣬𣿡
΢΢һЦҲϲǽҹӣһ
ȴ֮֮һ
§Ů齱ߣĽŮѹȥŮ޷˳ˣͬ׵ĸһ㣬ʩΪʵ˵ղűׯ𣬻ûȫʧڿϽûξժһ˵Ľ̬ʮָ󶯡
һӣ㽫͵ƻҽ¹⿴Ůм䣬֣ǷϣŮʼ˴ҷǳϤҿٵĽŮ䣬ӡ֬ǻ塣
ŮòĶǳƣ̾ϸϸĹүֵĽŮ߲֣ȴŮڴѾõģֻǽҿңʵʵĿ⣬ǵļһĶ˺쳱
ֻǵļϣǵʮ㣬ˮ۰ļҰ֣ŮͦڿУ׺̺죬Ϊ̼ӲҵߵǵǰһһֻץסǵĽ飬
Ů뵹һ㣬ͦ´ҼʹƽϣҲ˫һ㣬˿ɢ˾Ľ飬ôܲĶأ
Ů֮䣬صǣرϵķֺѣҲͣ˱ţŮʱѾҵ˳ƽ̹СƬںïܵԭʼɭ֣ƺȴҵĿŮʱѾ鲻Խճ
ҷֱָ̽ԭʼɭΧ̽żĦǻڵеشʹŮһǳأҲЩܲˣȷѹȴ֮ϣ屧ڻУͦ񻧿ڣͬʱߴصĴҪˣȴ֮ң΢ɲĵͷ񻧿ĦŪһȴ֮ɧ̲ͣסҪūˡūҡ
ס㴽Ȼ׵˫֮䣬ʱһĲǽխĴŮͬʱͻǲıĤֱĻ˿ʼ΢΢ʹȴ֮;ÿвϮԼ񾭣ÿαҶ֮ʱ;ƮƮɣҲ̲סеȴ֮һеĿʼ˽
һǴ֮Ѿſұϣ˫鲻ĦңԼѰСսȻʱڸеׯԼλ֮ÿ֮ׯֻԼ̣Ѩиͣһ鲻ԽԼ帧һֻ֮䣬ׯ˵͵͵
ʵҲҹΪ֮ģְסֻһ棬ݵׯУҽȴ֮ɱöףֱ޷ٳʱҲ˳壬ұѾ鶯糱Ĳ֮
ΪѾʪ¶¶ģѱҺĽ֮ڣͬʱҲͱǲ㱡Ĥʼ˻˶ԭʼ¡
峿ҾȵϽȻĴˮһ˵ˮ̲סҪӦˣʵڲٳ¶ֻΪñӡ
·棬ׯǽţҲûׯˣ¶һ˿аЦ֪ׯ˱ȻܣׯĸԸͶҵĻٺúοúһݹ
ж·̣·ϣӦܸ㶨ׯˣŶˣȫûк֮ǣڴܽׯﱧڻУ۰úˮ֮




148 ·

簡
΢Цճʵׯ˴к
֪ǲǺ±ҿʲôׯֻ΢ף̬ЩŤֻӣλǷˣ
ϴһ緹ɣ
ڵ緹ׯˣׯ˽ӹӣС΢΢źţϸϸƷ緹ŵĶĿ
ԭŮʳҲһ۵°ׯ˼۹ƵɲɬСŮֻ󵨵һǽĵİ۸ңйǵ欵̬ԼģΪ̲֮ס齣⻶һ
ׯֻ¶һԵǧŮ΢Ц漴Ĵڴڳ緹ƺһҲԹۿׯȴһ̾ŲţĴ󶯣ĵ
ʱϽôгֻǰһԭ˵ŮΪմŮΪٸĴ飬ֱ֣Ϊ֮Ŀѣ¶֮ƺ޹䣬΢ŤĶ˾ջʮ㡣
ŮļƺӸеԣˮʤǰüҺﲨƵƵЩ㷢ȻڼͷŮ͸¶Ҹ΢Цƺԡڴһ㣬Ůҡҷׯԡ
ׯҲΪ֮ޣû뵽һϣֻǳ¶λãվȻ̬д֮ɫһˮǧĵķչţһŮ˵Ȼ˵һô򵥵ֳټϸЩǵĲ˷ˡ
ׯ˷Ϊ֮ȣʵ벻¶ŮȻ˶ˣҲѹĽ޸֡ĶˣʹòֳŮ˵ķϾ͹ˡ˴ׯҲЩڴЯֵ齣¶£ϽǶҵ˽ѾЩ鲻Խˡ
ϽûӯӯߣŮ¶ҸЦݣελ
˫ǵķЦô滹۲۰
Ůڴ֮ͥ£ʵ˵⣬ǵףһش졣ҺǺһЦûʲô˼ģ۵ĻΪȻǺúõһˣ
֮ﲨҪ۸ǽˣ£ǽ޷
һڵôཿޣƽʱҪһңǺģҲģ
˵⣬⣬ׯԺ󣬷иΪԾ֪жٽ޵ģû뵽һͬʱӦôŮˣֱܼǳ˿ɱȣ漴ֺ˼뵽ҪԼ齣ؿܵѰŮ޷ܵĸ߳Ϊĸ˫ˮ˫ͫ͸ŨŨ𣬴Ķסҡ
ȻܹܵȻµĵЦϽãȴ뵽Ҫׯ齣⻶ãҵ¶ʱ֪жද˰
ţϽõıϣݺ˰ѣŮһӽŮһùǰˣرǱһӴ;ụ̲̂סҪַǵ壬Ҳǵħֵ˫޹ɵģҲֵ֮¡

һͯɵׯԣдӸղתΪȰҲȽϹصֻ§ϽûϾȾСһ֪ģٺ٣
ʱֻһСͯıׯԣӦþǵ֮ׯˣüĿ˫Ŀ飬ӦǴõĺӣͦϲģʱĴҡ
ׯ۰ĵԺλ㶼λӵˣ
ׯԴʵλ˭úúÿ
аСӻͦ˵ģ濴С󰡡ׯ΢΢һЦλ֣϶ڷͷܼĳ裡
ׯԾС죬Ȼ̻һݵıܵǰǳ裿ݵľǴˣܼ̫ˣ
ȴ֮һЦοǵģһȥǸ
ׯæ磬̫ˣдڣʲôҲˣλã޸˴磬ԺǱ׸ˣ
վĸһׯͷ΢Ц㶼һˣô˼أ
˵ұóһ龫ʯׯС
ׯõ֣;ôϴһůȫ̹˵оҲѿ˵氡磡
ׯȻ֪͵Ķжˣϴź;ʣҲ֣˯߸ãƺ֮ЧæׯллĴ磡
ׯ忪ĵæллл磡
Ȼׯתͷׯ˵ȥˣ
ׯ˽ЦСĵ㰡
İɣȥˣ
ׯ忪ȥˣһǡаӡ
ׯʵˣ֪ж·̵أ
ׯ΢΢˼Լʮҵ·̾Ϳأ֪ӴΰأǸȥδ
ˣҴȥҵĽʿȻûܶǣҲһ˰ĵȥ
ҽõļƻǣ
ׯԵǾһͬǰɣҲЩ飬Ӧܰæ
ҵͷȻˣͷ˵ʱһˣ
֮ʵôǺʱȥأ
гһЦİɣһˣֻҪ˵˾ͿɳûıǺǿҵҪµѡҪǣУ԰ϴȨôҪ֮£͸ðˣТѹǴʱط˳ҪǲһУվϣκ˶ԶҲΪʲô˵ͬʱ뷨
ׯ̾ӹȻıˣʱֻңΪȻǰս˭֪Ȼȥ˵ʱֻҪعѹطܳƶǣƳܶȻܵӰ죬ѳôκȻܵ͹
ҺܳһЦͷҲǴˣУ
ͻȻҷԼѾĻˣ¶úϸһжڣøõǶкܴӰ죬ҺҵıԲᱻĥ
ȴ֮㽫½ǲҪȥ
ҵͷǰǱȻҪȥģѧأ
֮ЩʵǷǽ𣿡
§Ůһڵȥ룬˵вҪԸң˵ôܴأǷģȥ󣬱ȡأʱһ߾ˣ
Ͻ֪ȥ£ʱŮһΪôΥҵ˼أǹɵĵͷˣҲ֪ող⣬ͻȻֵ뿪ȻЩϰߵģϾеŮճġ
·ϣ˵ҹҹ꣬ÿ϶Ů˵ڿţŮӭǿ룬磬ֻҪ˶̲סҪһͷȥɣ
ˬȴׯˣÿׯ˶ԼдԼصĴϢƺֱӴĶУһ㣬ɧͣįвֻһεϣóȵķ롭
һ·ϰʱׯΪָ羰ţҵԼεģ³ģ
뵽شԼвյ·̣ϣǵ΢΢һ£ׯ˵ҵҽʿͬʱҲڸŪЩ򵥵Ĺ£ϾҰ⣬˵Ⱥʲôģ԰ȫһ
ϽΪϢȻҺúõһȴڴȥˣҴʱӪǰܵͦģûʲôˣֻյġž
һǿգׯ˴ʱӯӯԣ£ҵڿʲôأ
һعͷЦûʲôֻģ㿴ҹ˯ߣҲ˯з֮»ǡ
ׯԹƳһ۵ĺĽλӣѡԼϲ֮ˣܹԼϲһ
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ׯ룬૵顭
ˣһ£뽨ھĻϣŻʹϵйڵĵزʱŻʹʵǲǳԶģ
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ׯ֮̾ȷʵéٿ
ׯҿˣȷˣ׹ףȴ޷ƣϾĻ֮꣬ϵܴûа취㣬ƾʲô̸ϵأͨһ㣬⣡
Ҵ󵨵§ׯϸӯӯһյ֫ׯȻ΢ǾϲֻĵˣԸĻ˵֪˰ɣο˵壡
ׯ˱һоƺһ㣬Ҳҵħ󷨵ĹЧׯһ㵹ҵĻУ˿ˣ۽ǺϲüŨŨĴ⣬ģ˼Уرӵз壬
Ұׯ˱ڻУһֻƵ壬űѣУׯ̴ڴҸͷסӣ˿أ㶡һͬʱиǼӴȡ
ƽ̹С֮䣬ΥУׯ˽һ漴ׯҶԺǵĵкٸ𡭡ˡԩҡһֿҲûСɡ
ҧĶǴҰսɣ滶ãл࣬İɣа취û˻ῴǵģ
ׯҲǷĴ󶯣ܻӭԩҡ뺦ıһ𡭡
ҾҪΪһ˵ĵ
аһЦ
ׯѾܲסϵĹƣҵԩҿɡ̵ú࡭
ҺᱧѾ̬ׯˣһ˵Ľ䣬ֻӳһ磬߶ˣ̯һִǬȡ̺ӣׯ˷ϣȻԴֱĶȥ˵
ׯǽ׷ĳչǰ˶֮ֱĶͣôܲأԲܱﰡȫׯ˵֮ϣǸʷ֮Ͻø˫壬ƽ̹һյǷ۵Լ޳Өȣ޲㵹
£ҲˡׯˣֱĲѣȲסֵĴֱִѨڣһû룬һӽһƬõأΪÿ֮ʣׯ˵ĻխȴҴֲˬ֮С
ҵĳ˶ׯ˽ӭңһһԲͦɽҲǻԲΣ̲ͬҵְְ壬ŷžӨ۵ѡҲΪҰսԵʣׯ˷ܲѣ֭ӿ
һƸ꣬ׯһ߿Ե̱§һߣׯ˽ԩҡ̫ˡΪʲôô޻ĺˡԺô֮⡭Ҳȥˡ
ȻѾﵽԼĿˣҽϵ屧ڻеа취һңҵŮˣԶǣ
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ҵŮͬʱѾȼͦķȲɲɵۺڣҲܲ˷ĻʹǹȲɲҲüʹһæͣΪղǴһ㱡ĤΪ翪ŵȲɲȻǴŮȵɲ㡭
Ȳɲɽĵİһ۵˼Ҳ˵ˣɲֻһ˶ۣԩҿɣѾԶˣ
ҸоȲɲɻѾʪ󣬱㿪ʼ鶯Ȳɲɴӿʼ΢ʹ͵ķŵ˽СѾգѾԼ飬˫֮Ѿ֭Һ˵ˮһ㡣
Ȳɲɶϸ߳ȻתսѾۺĳֵİţûˮֱۣ۶֭ݣȻͦķխСĻͻǲ㱡谭ðʹһȻУҴŮɽꡭ
պ󣬼ͬʱһͬǰͬʱΧȻҲûͷ¶棬ֻׯ˼ŮһߣȻȲɲңСǷղͣҲǱҺúõˣڸǳٸϡ
ԭͲǺܶ࣬Ҫڱ֧֣ǵûжٱȨɱ԰ڽûʲôԮ԰ȥԮڣλׯ˶صν˳ڱϳ԰޷ֹοն࣡
룬ҵıı÷ӻƵߣڿͷѣѾǣ޷ԮҳҲݶǲ˲ٱʹ֧ԮҲкܶ˵ģֻأһעҪʧܵģ
Ǳ󿪳ţֱӴҿûʱϷҪսپǾ͵һɣ
ҶׯŮסԶǵľӪڣѳ֮кοɵĵأ
ׯ飬ֻǽСģ
ҵͷŮһЦ뿪ѡ˼ҵĽʿֱǣҳʱȲɲӲҪҷ鹥ƣҵֵסֻôһȥˣҲ뿪ҵߡ
Ҵ˳ҹɷǽֱڣ§ȲɲɵţͬʱһӼȥɺӰķŶȥ
ղôģôߵĳǽôһһ˹ȥ
Ȳɲ˷ܵĵ
ģҶ໶ãҵʱֱܽˣ
ҹһЦ˿
ұȲɲɣƽ̤ƶһ㣬ӿڣҵı죬ЩѲߵʿҵӰӶѷ֣ҴȲɲɷɵķϣҿ߸ǣͼͷ綷ЩνǰΣ
˸̼ͷץȲɲɵ飬ҧĶǵ޹ȥ͵һһܴ̼벻ԣ
ȲɲԣĿһԾԾԵıðһûԹ͵أ
һļϣ̴Ȳɲɷɵ޹ڣȻûʣѹȲɲս飬ٸϵ壬ˣ̳ȥ·ϵıӵӶòӣȲɲɸǴ󵨣޹˼˽С
ƣķ޹ȴԼ޼ƹ֮̽룬󣬼ȴѾսϴ·ϵȲɲɡڴŭȺˣҹ뱾޹õ
˵ţ۾ĿⶢŷֵȲɲɡ
ͷ̰ɫ޾ҩһҸյסѨʱ岻ȴҲ˵§ȲɲߵԱͷҴҳŮ˵⣡֪
ֳȿ־ɫȲɲ۽ǶÿһۣұȲɲߵſڣʱֻɱһĻڸһֺܡ˼ڵ˸㣬Ѿ˴ķţѾˣˣ
ҴЦȥȲɲСһԣҳȥһ̴ŵͳضص֮λ




151 ɫ

ͳλڱնʾڣׯͳ֮ɽϳĴлأмط֤֮ʱȶսپҲøٽ֮Ҳˡ
ˣ̫ӵǻһж죬Ҳȥˣ
ҵׯһӵϲࡣ
Ҫ뿪᲻㡭
ׯһ̾ĸҵӡ
§֫۱Ʒһׯ˵ӣȻһ᳣ģΪôһ˹µįأ˵عҲȽϽȽϷ㣬ģ
ׯ欵ķջʮ㣬ֵֻĺһ۵ɣȻˣû֮ǰһҪúȻɲŹŶ
Ұׯ˱ѹԼϣһΣׯ쳱룬üҺɣɣĳأɣ
Ұͷׯǰ֮䣬˿Ǻ㣬ǵ㣬ҵķ̧ͷֱׯ֮䣬һ䡰ˣ
̿ʼȥׯ˵ܿ߳һ罺ᣬƺҪԷΪһ壬Ƕ˾лŮ
Ҫˣׯ˴ϽΪУȲɲһҪȥĻ˵ǣ佣Ҳûʲô˵ôһҲӰ·ޡǾ󷢣ʵ޷ֵȻֻôӦˣ
ŰٰĵȥأŻ֮֮һȷģƽߵ̬һһЦˣΪ̲סڻУ۰һ
ȴ֮֮ҲһԣҸǷֱǺдſׯˣеŮⶼҵˣһ£ұׯǰһһУֱӷ㴽ׯҲһйסҵĲӣҵʹ
ȲɲɶԾűͱѩںׯ˵ĹϵֻҪҰ㹻ˣȲɲСӸ˵ˣƽׯĳôעⲻ
ҷſׯˣ˻ȲɲԣŮˣһ
ҵתͷȲɲɿ񱼶ȥһƬԶȥׯŮ͡£طӦṩľĺ͹սѾ̽ҽͼѾ˽ҵ˼ұȥ촬ʧ
ɣھӱ޸ȥҲϲ˰ɣֻʣˣ
ȲɲЩĵĵ
ЦҴȥͣ춼ã㵣ʲô
Ȳɲԣһ˷ܵĵģȻܷɣɿҷɰɣ
ҴһѱȲɲɣƥӭŷ簿죬ƥԣԶܻȥˡȲɲɱұڻУС˷ܵͨ죬ۣķˣһڿˣƯƶ䰡
СŮһȲɲɣи§˿ңҪӿٶŶ
Ȳɲ˫סҵĲӣͷҵļ磬һһǰ֧߷ХȲɲɾ°˷У紵㷢ƮݵĸоøˣȲɲС˵ĿһУżָָ羰
ҵٶȣüձܵ뾳뾳ı߾СǣмҿջֻǼûʲôסһӽҿջ͸о󲻶ͷȲɲɵǲסջĽȥҾ·
ȲɲƺҲջоҶλúѾ˴󲿷֣оȻˣ
ϢջڣĸоȲɲɵȵȣҵǿ˵
ȲɲɹɵĵͷվԭصңתӰһͳһƫƧȥ
һû͸оһתһ񷿣ƫƧһʬ壬ǵĴӦǴ˼ҵļҽϸ۲췢ЩȫǱҩȻһջسˣ
ҷ򵥵Ȳɲ˵һ飬ȲɲæǿȥɣЩ˵ӿ϶ڿջʮΣգ
ҵͷӿջŽ룬Ȼûпˣֻ¥᷿¥ݿڰأǵ̸ҵע⣡
ͷ취ȻãǳҩȻҩһʱٺ٣
ͷԸҪǴȥôҪǾôͻȥ̫ϧˣǴŮֻҪˬ˺úƺҲǣٺ٣ôˣû뵽Ҳϣ
ҩɫζӦò෢ˣҩԴþˣѰͷʯŮҲҪ䵴ʱǸַȥأ
޼ɵЦš
ߣŭֱܣһһźâĽлһһЦһȲɲæȥǧЩ˼ף
ҷɿ¥̾͸Ӧļ䷿ˣ߿ţͼһŮţֵ䶯ţһӣȲԼ·׼ȥŮӵ·ʱͱͻȻˣ
Ҳκ˵ᣬâһ촦ҴһʴԵ̽ʬ׸ʴʣ˳Ȳɲɵչһȥ˸
ȲɲɽϣֻŮؽ̣˫ֲͣԼ֮صشҩҩԹȻƺҲ壬ֻ֪һζϵĿУ
ƬҾͻˣȲɲɼŭ⣬δʵôˣ
ԣóһܺˣȥû봺˴Ѿãʳô˱֮ʣ֪°ˣսթ
ȲɲɿܺҲǴ漴ѾĲ鶯糱˶ҵô죿
ҡͷεֻк彻й𣬱Ȼ
˱Ǿÿ֮Ļļǿ־ѹסֵǻ֪֮֮꣬鷳ıǿҵҩĻȫҾκ壬α겻αֶԽѹԽᷴԺֻҪһ飬޷ԼУΪĵ԰Σ
ȲɲԵǳɾͿ˽ϣȻһ᲻еģ
Щԥһ㣬ô֪ѺôȲɲɼԥɿ찡ôηηһҲ㣡
һеβ˽Ǻ˵Ľôܿأ
æ齶Ȳɲɵ;
ȲɲɺԾ뿪䣬ֹغš
ҽҿصɴӡžɫǵݡҶü΢գεغ촽һ㣬ԸУ͵Ĺ͸ʥȴִһĵķ飬ļ͸ƻƺҪγѪһ㣬ҡ
һ⿪˵ѣʱֻǰһӨļʱȾһ㶯˵ĺϼ͸죬ȫ۷ϸ֬С
۹ɨ֮£㷢ǰᲦ¶ֻ뵹ðĽ飬Ϊ÷嶥ۺѼӲ綹ΡΡʥŮ壬ͦ˫ƣͬĵƷƺûһ覴ã̴һһϣֻ鲻ԽԼǰ⣬Լѹ任״̲סһڿˮʵ̫ˣ
ʥдųģɫҩĹϵŵ֮ɫɫ㣬˳ִ鸧ûһ˿׸ƽ̹СϣӡһƬɫɭ֣ï֦ܵҶƺ֣ӭҵĽ롣
̹ԣҳѹϺ˷һѱסңһ㣬Ƴˮйѩ޳ĴȽҵýҵ˫㴽Լе㣬ƺӷһ㣬֭ҴŴҲͲסֱͦ˵Դ۶һδз£խ紦һ㣬ʹˬѣսôʼˡ
Ҳ֪˻˼ΣζʹղܣΪҩĹϵƺ֪ƣӭңһŻ˶תƬ̺˵ŨŨתΪ峺
һɫ֪ҩЧѹʱæͣ¶͵ˣᣬ˰㣬ҩ²òð
˴ʱֱߵ޵ݣɬҿңֻЩĵ֪ȻղЩԺʲô£ġֻʹ
΢ȣҩŪˣ˻ܱѣ֪ȥݼ־ȴѰŮӿɱȣ˳ùղŷһԵܺˣͬʱγԼķɵһߣ˲üһ壬Ͼÿ֮һӳ˷ĻȻЩʹ
û˿ꡣ˿󣬽ܺýģ΢΢ݲ֪Ǹ߳µϻΪŭĺΣʶ§˵磬ķ۱ʱԵʮ
˳ſǻҵףҵȫˡֻôҡҲǰˡֻһ
Ұס磬滨ݣ㲻ǵΪҪ׵۹⣡㻹¸ҵӵվΪŮ˵ϣǶֵ𣬶Ҳ㸮Ű벽ʱΪܲ۹ŮӶ£㲻˶ܵ𣿡
гɻҡҲǵ
֣صͷ㲻ǵԶǸ겻ˣΪ¶ı䣬ס鴿꣬ǲļ겻壬ϵվֻģ
˿ܺ૵ҪȥҷҪ
ұסˣ΢Եһ±ұţʱҲĵʱ̣ǲЩɣȷʵϲ˵ĸо¶įȥҺúðҸˡ˽ɣѾˣŭȻɣңôˬҰ
ḧķ۱˵㲻ܻȥһȥ϶ָ֪֤ġڳ봺УǶ㴹Ѿãȥ뻢ڡܰ㣬ҲһӰ㣬ҲڵʱǱػԸ㣬ǵҰĲ붼֪
˷һУҸô졭ô졭
֪̼̾ܵ޿֮ʣĶͷģһúñ㣬ҪԶߣһչ㣡κ˶˺㣡
һͷ㷢磬ңԥ֮ɫ֪ԭֵĵ¹ڵ뷨ڼҶսгìܣҷѹˣһֽУʱһƬհףʲôͷȥˡ
Ϊס˺ģֻϳƱгìܣҲռһϯ֮λܽȫ޷ܣ޷뿪ңȻһͨҵӰӣתΪİиҵ氮
ֲ֪˼ΣֱŪ˻˱ɢŮ˵ľѷϣǽ֮ˣ֣ǰһʥȾһ欵Ļ˷顣
Ȳɲڵȵòͷˣƿֱӽɣôôðû°ɣ
˵ʹˣΪ˴ʱŮ̬뽿֮˵ˣǰ˵ˣ
˼Ȳɲɽһ̣ĿɬʱñڸסԼ˵Ľһ󣬵üҺĴ飬ǽ֮ɫʹǱ֮ȲɲҲΪ֮ޣ
ɲɣ·ǣȴ·˵
һЦӴε
ȲɲɷӦ·øǣͬʱ˴£˾ƣղǴսľֻɬȲɲɰ·
ȻˣͱٹЩ޲ˣԺųɣ㣬Ҳû˸˺ˣһȥıݣгıԣ
Ȳɲ˵Ļæԡ㡱ȳƺˣȰ
ҡҲ֪
͸¶ã֮ɫ֪ξ
һסҪԥˣɣһ߰ɣ
˱һգֻЩҵĻĵͷ̽§뻳УֻͶҵĻһֺ̤ʵĸоһ㣬һοֻ˳СèһУ㷢ɢ˿˿㣬ֱҵƢ
ҸȲɲһ͵Ȳɲɽĵİһۣ΢΢һЦֽҲ뻳УȲɲĴһһУָҵţһڣȲɲ΢Цһ£㴽Ҿ̫Ҹˣ֮
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ת䣬ǲʱ߿ڴƺȫûֻ֣֪ӭң
Ҳû뵽⼸ոȥͣ·ʱοˣǰֲ췢йͬʱҲȫˣƺΪϴҩĹϵضɽһ㣬һʰ֪ΪѾȫ벻ˣԼҲ΢⣬һҲᵽҵİѾԽԽǽʱҳԼӣοԼԼİڽʱϻϣǶ˴˽һ˵ˡҪҸ




152 Ů

˵ʱٻвʮʱ䣬⼸һпվȲɲɡ˻ãֱŪŷŹǣȻ˫ֵ֮ЧҲԽԽˣ
͵ĵһ£ȻȥҸסĵطˣ˼ĿջŮȥϢΪ⼸ÿڣȥݾȥˣ
һ˵Ľ䣬⹦ǧﴫҪҵĵȻˣûãӰӹǽৡѾǰͷ֮һͬʱμӣ
ɣ½ǵôˣ
ʾ˵
һģշԸһжУ
ܺãɼ˱һλˣ
ָһļˣȻһһ˰ɣȥ
ǣ
һص
һʩչṦڸƽһ㣬û˷ֵõһֱﵥฮһﵥķ䣬ֻһӣעﵥѾ鵽˲£ﵥ׼ɱ֮£
˵һﵥ齱ߣƿͷƿһСľÿһƤùϸһﵥ˴ɱʱ䣬Լɹɱ֮ܵ·ߣܿﵥСģƻϸ
΢΢¶һζЦݵʵҳŵʱˣֻǶԲﵥˣǺǣ
ϵɱ֮£ﵥ϶ȥұ߶ɽҺһ׼Ҳﵥʧģһúøһϲģ
һŻأúʵӣȥӦΰǺãҪҪɱﵥ
òãҪջϲһͬʱҪȫһϲ
¶һ˿аЦ
ɣȥסĵطշʱˣ
սȭͷһ뿪
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ҵͷʾףڽԪǸģҽԪΪΣԭ㲻ԭȢΪޣȻȥ¥̻֮أȫΪѰУȥҶԽԪĵģ
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һİȴޱϤͬһֱķǶĻ㣬е㲻ƵĲתӣҡȻֻҵڶ棬Ž绨޶˵ôأ
ˣɫЩˣò𣿡
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ƫףֻǵӵĻ⣬ӵ뷨ûµĻ뿪һ˾£
ҲΪʲôô˵㲣˵⣬ΪʲôҶҿ
̧޿ɱܣͬʱƶطӦҹɣѾҵ˼ˣҪȢ
»ķңһʲô²ͷȻʯطһͣŮѾ̹вˣ֮ǱȻˣҲ˶ķֹ
ڵֲסƵ̾ٱˣǲл֮ǰ䲻㡭
һԼΪ¡ǡ֪ɣѾɶˡʱ뿪Ϊʲôûڲ֪佫ħֲڣʱԽԽ֣Ҹ»ǰҰʱҲǳϵĿ϶ֲħֵģȻЩЩӣȷϧٹչ
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㡭ΪʲôôáЩʶöá
ʳŸжľӨỨһſͬһ㣬
ҽ§ڻУסεӣȻֻҪһ;ԲҳİŮˣǣǣԶǣ
Ҳܲס˼֮࣬˫۳ղҵĲӣһУݵ׵ҸָмԼŮˣҲϧû뵽Ҹ˽־ץץסˣץסˣ
зΨһһ仰
ӵţû˵ḧķ۱żŽ޵ĺ촽ƺûôɹʱʱ飬ʱ֤ʤʤ仰һ潻ĸߵһ齻ڡ
С㣬Сһͬ磡
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ɨˣʱűү治ˬŵĵǰװɣ
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ӢʤԼʱгֶʼɵɫӢʮҲòȷʵԼβҪұһƮݳʣһӵţԱһЦݣС˵£ǶʻգȻ֪вףõԼ˺ãʵܲˣ
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ҵֱۣ국Į깫ӣȥͨһ˵½޷գֻлˣ
ĶҵǲΪˣΪ˺ãҲƵ
ԣɫѿ»ϲ˭˭һûϵ
ǰףȳģΪ»£
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걻ҵסˣҲЩ
µķǳ裡´ӽԺԶһ˵Ůˣ
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סˣ´ӽҳŮˣκҪһͷҶԻʶľ͸ҿʡķɱ㣬ΪҲɱ㣡
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걻ŵɫͨһ¹ĵǧɱСˣСиãжӲҪɱСˡӡ
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ִҵ˫磬ҵļɣ۲Ϊ𣿡
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üҺһˮŨŨǻԭһ㣬˵ĺϼȾļʹӷ鶯ˣһĻ֮ˡ
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ɰʲôƻǷװ֪Եȴɵİأ
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ƻصջУڣȲɲɸոϴϡȲɲɼһæ˫ֱһƤһЦ˰𣿡
ЦҲ۵ģǣϢ𣿡
Ȳɲ㲻ãҺǰЩ˯ȣÿ챻ڵð㣡
˴ԼԣȲɲ֮ԣߵݷ죬׶͵˫֮ˣϾۣȲɲ˴¶֮ԡ
˫֣סŮʵΣϢú𣿡
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ѾԼ֮ĹϵǣȻʱһȣȲɲȴŮһ뷨ѹıݣҿЦã




153 ̸۵

Ӵݹ٣Ҳ֪ͨһ
ﵥڶˣųСǰӵصģ˻ǶడﵥʾǸʲô
ˣô˼أӭأ
ҺǺһЦ
عة࣬Ǹľ󰡣ʩأ
ﵥȻпȴ̣Ǹĵˣȴ˵ǾĶ
Ұ֣һ԰ӵûʲôҲǸλӶѣô⣬ǿŸλнյ𣿡
̧ܣСģ㲻֪ѧͬѧţ˰Сĵ㣬ȻҲӼһҲѧ˼Һһô죬۹ʱûʲô֪ʶȨ
ﵥɫ䣬Цӣһ͵ϢӾɱһͬȥ磬رΪϴ
ԭǶӵ£ܳ
һ׵ı飬ûܳƤЦ㲻֪Ǽ
ﵥ복УȲɲûȥΪҪȥӦϺ꣬ʺϴȥ˵ȲɲɵԸҲϲֳϣ˸Ͳϲﵥμҡ
ȷǸĿУܣ룬Ϊ̫Ӫ𣬺֮ܳ͡ɴؼ뻸ιΪֻ࣬عʼĸĸһԾһָĴ
ǿųƣѹڽ³ϼ沢СǣϷǿ֮ˣȳ˴֣֡·־ڱתΪչ˷޿κΡ
֮ˣ־˰ҵļ壬Ҳ뻸͹ٵҵ塣幫λʧģֵǳսʱڣ֮Χκԣֱκ꣬ʹκɶ䣬
ĵ֮֮Ѯ֮
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ʻϴ֣ȴ︮Ȼͬʱﵥ࣬˴ϰĸۡɣȻǽ̻ԻͰȥʶʶ
ﵥЩΪѵĵ⡭Ӳ´ȥɡڵȳӸأǾҺˣ
һŵĶﵥһ｡Ӳˬ񶼲ô
ﵥȻǳǸ֮ˣûʲô飬âƺôЩ⣬û뵽˹Ȼ˭ʶ
λӣ϶ңôȶõΪλȻҪҵһЩǿĺ̨ˣﵥֶ֧｡ģңȻͽֺˣҵݵλʲô˱ȵϣ֧֣ϴ֮λ
Ҿֱߵ︮ﵥɫ΢ЩѿĸŹΪﵥͣǷŸģǴԹ󶼲׵İԵǳģ˵ǸһǺģ
ﵥŵһϽȥرˣûȥãͿͿǽȥֻүڴȺλС
︮ĺԺڰʯ̨֮ϣŴשװε¥ձڡլұԺլǴ԰кܶԺ䣬ƺ۸ӵĽţ߽ĽǶֻܿһѣȻǸǮǷӶţģ
ΪµĴֻҵڹܱȵˣĶǲĵӣ֪ôҲҹĵ£ΨһұȤֻв
լڶܣʯש񣬾ɷ׳ʣȷһ󣬴ʯõŴʿݵ
ҵţһŹӵɴ÷ָΪϱݣɴһһˣŮ̡
λӦΪʲôͻȻȥʵܼ򵥣ԭʹŷƵ⣬һԷƲ¼ʲôóȻҵͺδԭвƣҿ֪һֱ뽫˽ұø㾯档
࣬ʿ⺷䣬ҶԣЩЩӶѣֵһᡣʱڴôпҰ
ǺܿﵥɫһЦϰ壬˴ǰŲǱԸλҪϰ壡
ﵥƹɴڼͷʮ䣬Ž£ǷḻŮ澵İĦ۾Ҳûҹûﵥҵֱúһ
ﵥ֮ԣ˫ۣž⣬˸оǾʮǸŸҲ˼뵽Щͬʱϴ󲻿ֱ棬ҵĶ⣬ƺԼʿһ㡣
һٶע⣬ԱʿȻǶΪŭĿӡǾﵥΪЩ˻֣һֹϾҵݣҪ㶯ҾﵥҲûӣعӴˣѾ׷ͣˣҳû˸Ҷˣ˭֪عة࣬ʦǰˣ˿
ЩʿŭĿʱͻȻȫǿҵƣ˲ͽЩʿѹЩʿվվȣﵥ󾪣û뵽һһ㶼ӣôô
Ҳ̫ܣʵ㵽ʲôˣ︮
ҹЦϰ壬̫ʧˣҵݶ֪δЩª˰ɣ
ЩȣʲôˣʲôݣﵥϻҪû뵽ô˾ȻԼڡ澵ûµһֻңȻȻ۷֮ɫϾж˧Լ֪еħŮ˼ңɶ˻һ㡣
ϸңƺû뵽˭ȴһڵϰ壬ҳҲʲôҲôһةѣ븻µĴϰҲɣ
ԹȻʧɫ̻һףܿĵԭǳӴݹٱոңղŲ֪ǳӣʧԶӭԭ£
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κ˵ĻԲʲôݣðŹ֣¼ΩһˣҲҵǾҳ裬ݵλҵ书ҶǾ˫ûκһ˸ŵҵģ
ȻǷŸǿԵˣǰҲòԹԵģǴһЦӷģֻǷǳͷС㣬ʲôΪ֮£֤;û˸㶯οгˣŲ˸̫ͷ϶
ϰ֮ˣʡҲϰⷬҴɷģ˭Ҳϰӣϰ屣֤Ȼû˸ҶҲʡЩʱú׼֮ĶԾ
ҰЦͦʶʱģҹ˵˭Ҳӣһñ޷Ҳô̼ﵥٺ٣
ȻﵥɫƣҲֻһţ治أҺЦ뵽ˣʱôó棬ǱһƵ÷ǵԼ棬ñ˶Ҷֻܿܳˣҿңǲܵģ
︮жһҾﵥȥ˶ӣҶЩȨûʲôȤԶǵȤȻҳٵˣǶҲû˵ʲôǸҵˣôҲﵥίһȸˣ
ҲûôȥΪһ㣬ȥѧΪģǰ棬ʥΪΣȻѾԭж˽⣬Ҳ࣬ΪԭвӦҪ£֪βǷҲԸأ
ѧڳ⣬һΰĽǸλȻʦ󳼼Ҫߵͷ밲ԾѧһС赭¶ʮˣֻ֮ʮˣһס
ѧǽҲ룬ɵıһӶΪʱ䲻ˣߵ˲Ǻܶ࣬ڿвţԺ䣬żܼһЩѧʿ̸ۣȻ˹˵պ̸ֽۣҴҡͷ
ƹǰˮѧãֻŴصʵʵҲκѧʿ⸽ƿţѧڣȻɰˣϱи̳Ƶƽ̨Ϸзңšѧá֡
ѧõܡʹѧÿׯ£ʹ֮ηԭѧԱһȻˣ򶫱ڴԭоǹİս
һХѧôƿһӣһȽÿһ±һʹҲתȥҲܸоǿѹȸУƺɵԵʮ㣬ȻеĽֻԣȫɢһ㣬ƺΪĿһ㡣
˫ֱһ΢Цƺѹת˸档ںڵͷɢ׳ļ粲ǹӥ˫Ŀݣһĸоֱһ˳ַӨѩòͶ˸оƽر÷ǳͳݡ
ĸоǴСӵˣȷʵܸ׳һһ£ƺȫֳѷ׵ʡɽһȻýΪ׳ȷΨһԶĹҡ
΢΢һЦʥ
±ǳˣ
Ѳ⣬Ǽʱһ˿˷֮ɫδĲҲҸͷϾɨѾûֵٳ֣һ¾ô꣬û뵽ôһǿߣȻǳ˷ܡ
㲻£ȱ裬ʲô𣿡
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ĻҲÿɷֻǵĵʹʲôֻΪµһĳƺ𣿡
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ľڽԣȷвĥáʣΪߵĽأ
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УУ޽нʤСǵһĳ̸۽֮ˣԽԵüΪ̣ͬ˵֮ͨذ壬ȷһľ磡
ǶⷬЩȣͬʱԼջ࣬ǵһĸо˵˼仰һЩµĶرǾ䣬ֱ򽣵ԣᣡ




154 

ĺڴĽѾĳȤȫˣĳδһ˽ֵ飡
ƺҵۺܸߡ
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һ·˳뿪ѧʱѾˣɫ谵ĵ߻ؿջһԱʻҲû⣬ȴǰͻȻͣ΢ЩעֻǳǰλӣҼҴү빫ϳɣ
ɣ
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Ф̶Ц˷⣬Ҫֵһ֮
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ʼ
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ô֪ҾһӮأ
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һжʳֱѹŮ壬۱ҵ鼷ǰɿɣҪǷ˼ҵĶūǣ
룬ңף淭ѹϣͬʱ˫ֻסҵǱĺұĦּӣУ˵Ļô࣬һֻ£һ߽£͵ͦ壬ʼͷѹѾõ𡭡
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Щ輧ԣ̷ӵ˿ĵǰǾͺ޲Я齣ҵ¶ôõĻᣬĻʲôֲֵģ˵ʱûһףĸ輧ʲô˼ɣһæ½
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155 Ů

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Һ⣬Цطʲôʱߵģ
ҲȲɲһ§ˣվһԣط̸ˣ㻹˼˵ǿǱûȥģ㰡һϷ˼ҵʮλ輧Ū㻹ǽôѵ
չתԷ¶һΪЦݵģǵȻˣұ֤̱һģŵĻʲɲɺǣĴλú̱ģ
ݳ죬۵ôܵô¶ǵĻȲɲȫ෴Իȷʵͷƽ㣬⻰˵Ĳ٣ɲɾԽɻãԽãҪƤĶǰúܶأ
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СһĶ٣ĴԺȴһݳŮ˵Ķ˷飬ͷϲΣٸһϸĲʴڵ紦ߣ㷢ߴֱǰŮ˲еķϣǳŮʥ൫ȴ͸ˡ
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ֱӴӳб˽ȥѣȫȫе飬ӯ״İͣҵһָֻ棬ָŷ嶥ǿŷۺѣС߲ɶ벻ҿҡ
Ҵصĺţʵ벻ʱСˣ˽һ崿Ůϵһ𣬲֪˿϶Ϊһ޵ٸ̴΢ţţ۱۽סҵĲӣһξժģڳú۰֮⣬ҵһǽУСڳΪʵٸ




156 ֮ϳ

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157 

֮ʱͬʱѾǺܴһˣû뵽ͬʱ¼޳裬һʯǧˣ˵Ǹ۷׷ף˵ƣһʱ֮Ҽ̸⡣
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Ǻˣʲô˸̫ͷ϶Ȳ˵һ֮赲ôǾ͸ˣ书ó뻯ģһս㲻۳书Σڳǰȥ鷳ǺܱǸˣŹ㣡
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ҺǺһЦ
ǿĵʦӭӳӵģʦڹ̨Ⱥ룡
΢΢ͷͬ롣սȻԹͣǲÿ֮˶Զ̨һӰ쵽Ǳ䣬ҲǿԲΪʱɲСˣ
ѧʱԵ·֪жˣܶ˶ֲ֧ģҵգͬԭ˵ͬͳһ֧ҵ˾ͲôˣϾɨ꣬ѾģҵҲ⼸¡
ﵥҲڣһͬǰŮҲŵ˹̨ĹսﵥЦڿһóӵĽˣϴʱĻӦˣ
ˣܹȽҲѾ֮ʱӦûڴ
һЦ
ﵥƺԲģΪһһˬʴЦǱ͵ſӵòܹҪˣЩѾûˣзͷʢĳ裬սܹΪ֮սɣһˣ
ﵥ뿪սȥˣҼߣ޵ĵʦ˶֮ˣȷǲųӽȺ紫Ҳܶ࣬ڿԴ۸ˣ
ˣܹȷǱ񻯵Ľˣϣܴ漣ɣ
һǱȽǫĵ
߸ߵĹ̨һֺܶصĸоرѾҹ̨ΧŻѣΪǷҹʹ˴α䣬˹̨̨ϣͼ˫Ŀգ˴һּ״̬ȴһͻ籩һϮ
۾ʵܵӰ𣿡
΢΢һЦһֵľΪЩܵӰ죬ôҲΪˣ
¶͵Ȼر𣬲ĳȴ˺ܾãһֱûһĳٴγĴ㣬ȷǲĳҲһˣ
лܹôߵۣ
˫ָһɵȻ
Ľأ
һ۵
һһıڻ谵ɫԵøҫۣҽǰһֻḧŽУԲѵ˽ҵıΪ죬࣬ëϷܹҪСˣ
ĿɫҲҲֻϣ̨չֳصص㣬ƺƽ̨һ㣬ƺֱץסеķǣ̽Ѱĸо
紵˼£˫ۣоâһڰγбǹɰӰԵȻһ˲Ѿҵ
˿УƵŮҲǽŲѣϾ޵ѾΪ˵СŷƵֵ°ɣ
ȲɲɰοӦöԷģŷµģ
һƽģӦģ
ŮĿ»صԶյͨĹ̨̽˶ûжͻȻ׳ˣǰһŽ⣬ὣһƣýԲվĽĽƻޡ
һӵúã
ֻһ㣬ҴϢĻᣬʮ󿪴ϣȴһҶۣ沨κˣɲн̣ɾɻ⡣
нƱ仯ͻȻֱն£ɽһһ࣬ԽıһжĽһߣͬʱн˳һгգֱ̣룬ӲǸı佣ƣ˹ĪһֱС
΢΢һһнתǬһŤڲĽϣƶڿһнգнͬһ⣬ֱ̲
Ͼǽ֣ô׾ռˣֱһΣóɲʱֻŽ֮ڶʮΧܲ͸磬תΪأ˺󼸲ѳҵĽΧ
ʮһν󣬷ߡ۲ңɫȻƺղŲδսɻ࣬ٸղƴоͷ֣ЩпƻȴǡôĽ޴ʩչȷЩƵĸо
Ľ֣ĳһսʵź
۵
߱ȽȻõȫڵĽԼǺŵΪҪڽϷֳʤ
ܹˣ룡
ҽңָ
ȴ˸ож죬һ׷㡣δ룬һǰóԽʮУƺû֮ʱصĽʽͬһϮ
˵ҪʶΪʤУ£ֱһ룬侫һֱƺĽеĿ϶Ҳ΢ȻƣҵĽһ˳ת壬߲˿нһͬתƹֱȡС
Ҳ룬齣һԼ˵ıܿҵĽЦһһӡڵϣ糤һͣƹıһʽָԭֱؿڡ
ٱ䣬һƬ⣬вͣʽ䣬Ƶòʱֻܴڷ״̬нˮһ㣬кһʽǿΪ֮ȫΪУУ
ԽԽľû˶֣ȻԷҲÿһȴȻҪǣƻҵĽȴסԼҽûκιɣ޷͸˵Ѱ϶
ֻ̡ȼ򵥶֮以仯໥תγ޾ʽҲԽԽȻ²ȻȽλƯĶܣͬʱнҲͣͻȻӹâǶŭұƵˣѾλʦŭ
Ƕ̨ϱԣǵ⽣Ӱƺ̨һ㣬ǻѱǵĽεҡڲŤԶۿֻƼҫ۵Ľͬһ㣬ɷΪ׳ۣ
һֱ̣ӲǴҵĽдֱȡҶ;ȴͻȻУǰֱȡҵʺͻȻڰ;ʽʱȻȣ仯ΪһֽʽȷѰ
һ䣬ܹĺɨƣȲУȻʹ¾Žеƽʽֱȡһٶȼ죬ҪԵ㹥֮û뵽˲ץס΢Сʱһ
һᣬҵĽĽϣ̵ҵĽͬʱп콣ͬŭο쭶ͬʱâ磬ʮôֱ׷ңκδϢᡣ
ֹˮϲݾн޻ΣУԵ棬ס˲ĽɢһƬӰХգǿޱȵľֱڿֱâ鲼ÿһʵ飬ĥ͸
һɣӰ⣬ͬǻʣ籩һ㣬ʹǲ˽಻òâ
֪һӲʤͷˡԥһХ²ңǰбһ㣬ֻóԴ󿪴֮ƣصʮȣƺҪеĽӰڽȦһ㡣
¶һʤѷֵЦݣڽǰʱͻȻУзһһƬӰͻȻֳҵĽһƬ⽣ӰпУԷֱαһ￴Ե棬۽Ƕȡٶȡʱľ׼ޱȣһֱӴĽȦڣܹĽУһš
˱Զбָ档ҹȳɣȻͻȻУһнӰǸ¡ص㣬Ի˲ǡʱΪ￴νӵˮ磬ްӲƴӲӵĸо
˶ǳľԶ̨վʵڲ֪Σղ˽֮ƺѧüҸղ˽б仯֮죬ʹУһνֳ˼Ҳû塣
ǶͬʱתƽϲޱʤУ
ֻ¶һЦݣûлشҲû˵ġʱȴͻȻЦֻĳˣôĳһֱѰҶ֣ҵ˶֣ǣڳһܣû뵽ȻڽϳԽ˲ĳĳʵʹ죡ʰ·磡
Ե˽Уе֮ȫԺ󣬳˽ѱ޶ﵽ֮磬֮ȻԶӣ
ĹϲܹѾ֮гڽһˡŲöãܹؽ֮ʱ޽ȴɽľʯ඼ǽ
Ƕڸ̨֮ϣ̸ڹѧڣúԶ˶У˲ţδһܵĲվȻˣǰĳСѾȵ˶סˣЩԲƳ籶ĸ߹Լѧʿˡ
ȲɲɿĵֱСʪŷƵּС㣬ӮˣΪµһˣ
ƵŮѾİ£δһܵĽʥôܲأʯط˫ؿ߽ĵ
µĿƺѾɹξ룬ֱӾۼϣƵ¼ˮԶǸˣİˣµһˡ
񣡡
֪ĸеһ´˿ʼˡ񡱶֡
Ф̶͵Ц׬ǮӶ꣬Ŀݳݳˣ
νһսʷԴµһĽʥ׳ܼͬʱһλڲ֮ϵĽ裡ѧ񻰰ûʱУȡ֮һĳ裬µµһ




158 ط

ܽʥΪµһ񣡳ܽʥΪµһ񣡳ܽʥΪµһ񣡡
֪ʱʼϾ˵ϢִͬЩкһ㣬һܲһ´ñʲô죬ڶ죬ͶѾ֪ˣɨδһܵĽʥڰܱ
ʱҲҳأ𰸲Զٺ٣ڷʯطм䣬ŮǵָܷܷΪ簴Ħ¹󣬸ҵͷĦָĸҵ̫ѨĦͷƤʵǷˬ
ˬġȴһȫڵСȲɲԳ͵СʳЦŵҪ֪Ħ֪ɷˣ»Ұ
أҵӣӷ̷쾭ģǲǰƶط£
һǷıҪñ˿ˣ׼ʻġ
ˣƶڰѸŽˣǲѾɴ˰
ʵ
Ʋߣ̬һֻ࣬ŭ㻹˼˵Ѿˣͽɢţȫȥ㣬˼ҵʮλ輧Ѿ㲻ˣ
ɣôˣ
Ȼѵû뵽˶ꡢף桢⣬ڼҲңһӾҪôλޣʵǡհҷԼŻ᲻̫ˡ
ʯطһĵĺһ۵ôɶǻķծԼɣ
һЦһ治ýܲܲܰɡ
һŮװ˵Сǰô죬ҿǶѾôˣʮλ輧һ֮ͨ󣬾ǳҵţ
۹һɨơʯط¡СȲɲɡ˺һֻͷЩյĵ룬ǷԼ̫ˣѾôཿޣǵ˫Ѿһ˰ˡҪǻˣȢ֮һѾˣ
Щ˲ͬΪ˾ȥ˼ʡ⣬˶ԣֻҪŮˣǶõǲȥŮ˵ĸܣǴֻΪŮ˶ѣֻзŻ᲻ʱĹǣῼǵĸܣںŮӵ뷨
ʯط
˼Щ˳ϵ㣬Ů˵뷨ֻзĹͨ
С΢ɬĵСֻҪܸŷͺˣСںжŮˡ
ȲɲԽЦ˼ֻҪ۰ˣҲںҺͷҸˣ˼ÿ춼ͷأ
˿ܲˣߺá
Ʊҵĸ첲Ҽ磬ĵⲻǻģж顣ĻĵĻԷλȨأ֪ŮӣԷ뵣ʲôǷûôһֻո˽ұЩ߹ӵеӸͲ࣡
ҵһЦǵҲǣҳнޣƷ
Ůԣ˼ֵİ۸ңΣ˵ʵôҰأ
ҿһԣס˵սӯͷϣףĵʶʱ̣֮ĹϵҲΪһġİģϣ֣ܿһᲹģ
΢ҡףߴĵҸġûԼٰһӡֻϣԶڷߣ̷ˡ
㡭
Ҵƹס㴽ֻħأȲɲھô㣬ǲˣ
Ʒ˵㴽ɫɫȲɲɵȻɲôҪΪȻӦҪˣҾͲŶ
ӿڳȲɲû뵽ôˣµνҵıϣǰŷĦңεεĵǾҪĳң
ļŮ˷ʯطû⣬Ѿһöˣűҳ˵СѾҵ¶ޱˣֱ÷ʯطġ
Ҫչˣʯطæ˿ڣ޵뿪˷䣬صԼ᷿ұѾ齣һ߽·ͷҲǶܣԹԵİ·ˣΪң
Ȳɲɽ˵һͦСĵ˭˭Сһŵ㿴
˵ȲɲɵȾͽ⿪Լ·ѹ齣СϼŤŲ齣ЦһֵСķ۱ۣ齣Сߺ齣ʱѾѹˣʼ⡰Ķˡ
Ŭţһջ񣬿еĳСҲͲס˽ͬ˵һ㡣ŮղϷƸ꣬ս
Ҫ뿪ͣܶΪУ§޹䣬ٸϵСţȻԼȲɲɺˣȲɲֵţŮƺĲĻһ
࣬ȻҵˣǸͦأȽһ֮ܲ£Ѿ£ǶҸǳݲѣҲǷޣΪҳ
Ҵλţ֪жΧ֣ȻһķˣѵõĻᣬͬһˣ֪Ľ˶ˣΪǰ˺в͡
⣬ƵĸҲ棬Ҳǳ׼ȥطݡҷſСڼǰ΢ЦԺҪúøɰҪúСĻͣ
ʮλ輧Ŀ飬ﲨΣҴ󵨵Ŵۡ꽿ĵĵ£ǿɲ˷Ź㣬ǻţʱͻҴţϣϧǣǰŸң
һң飬ףҲ۴ʣĿܽڻ顣λҲڴѣк͵ңдңĵĹ˷֮һ仰ѾܵҼңŵҡ
ε̾˼ҵʮλ˵ĸ輧û뵽˶ƭȥǱ
ʯطŮЦû֦Ҳ΢ЦҡͷúúãҳҵĴһΪǳʱֻҪҳңһȢǣҲңң
ǰסҵĲӣĵĵ˼һǺʱģ
ҺЦͷ§סȥڼһһӵǣӦӲϾȴУˬѣҿɲŹκռ˵Ļᣬʱÿ˶ħ͵Ϯһܻӭ˵˾ǰͲҽˣ
Ǹ˼ʣƻû취ֻõǷģǱθģΪ֤һˣúǣ
ףԣεεĵ˵Ҫǿɶأ
һԼ׷
аһƣüëһЦ
ڸͣȡҵȥ˵мλڵأ缢ƿʵׯ𻹵һǰúأ
һ·ϴҡڵڻʲô˸͵ϮңȲ˵عûƢԲҹԸңģҲԣȵһԼжٷҳһ֮ǻܺɨ޵µĽʥ˽ĳƺţ˭Ըң
һ·еȥȻΪҴ󿪵·һؾ׵һ񣬼ֱǿŰߵ̴ý֪ţ˵ݵˣǣһ
ò׵˵Ѿȶˣׯ˻ͦбµģþط֧֣Ȩ봺ڵһҲ޿κΣϾ˼ͳ֮Ҳû취԰ǸϢڱǶǺһ
Ҵ߽ڣܵеӭׯһ£ųĴȹһĸµĸ߹ЯŴׯӭҵĴݹ١
ׯˣæǰӭӣӭ˹ڣƫڣׯдǣׯ˼Ҳ΢΢ľȻ˵¼ңǱϾۼ棬˸𾪣û뵽Ҳߣڲʺʣֻѹʡ
ׯŮຮţΪ֮ǰѾŮׯ˵ĹϵȻȹ龪ȣ˵ļƻ󣬾ȷǿУׯ̸Ҳ̸֮
ƺŮׯһ£û̫ҲҵļƻȽҲӰʲôҪŮ˱ȽᵽŮ˵ĸܰɡ
һϽҲˣһһУҺúõİοһ漴ΪǽŮСŮ˵żⲻǾһȵš
Һúõ˰źϽúһ̴ܽׯ˵޹ڣʱׯڴϣĸԼķ飬Ȳһ΢΢Ťţ΢ЦҪ𣿡
ׯҵæҾȻӾͳ޹΢һȻ˷ܲѣεεԩңҪĿ飡
齣ׯ˾ʹűɴ壬˵˫壬Ũܵɭ֣Ȳ⿪ǲ㱡ɴѹķ壬̰ǸأԾʮּͦȴָмѣʵҲƳС
ڣҲׯ˵ׯһô󡭡ڡֱˡóʵĸо
ѾʼŬׯͦ֫ңҵֱĻģ糱ˮһӿƻׯˣ󼫴ǴսٻغϣÿһҶϴθݵĽ壬ׯѾ԰Σֻ֪κŵ˽У˵д
ұ㺹ׯϣׯ˽ҶǺֵסˣ㻹ͦģ
ץһĺ飬Ц𣿺ɣ
˼ҶѾʳ֪ζˣٺóԵĶҲȲ˷Ļãʵ̫ˡ
ׯһֻḧǸޱԸ
ׯ˷鶥ңĵİսˣأ˵ǻ֮գһ׺ϳϧûлĿã
ģƶطڶҵŮˣʱʲôʱǺϳС
ֲֻͣׯ˵ĽϣԣֱһӾôӵڻУ°϶У
ׯ˵ᲦŪׯ˼е˼ҺٺЦʪˣһûȫιǾɣ
ׯ˿ǧ֧ӣϣЦҪ̷
ãɣҿ̵ô
Цŷׯ˵Σ׼ǸصĶѨׯŨܵɭҵĦ˼º󣬽һꡱһҵķֽǸ˵Դ۶ɾָоͬںһ㣬лŮԵһĺ塣
ׯˣŰϽãշתڳڼеӭߺҵ³ƺš衱ӮԴλ󳼣ӭңæӮǰ˾֮Ӯǿĵĵةˣ𣡳ةʥΪҴüԴҴ۾ѧǿģ
һͬߺ꣡
ӮͬˣڿվڳǰڵĻֱ¡أӮչЦʦͿ쵽ǻˣʱҪʦأ
İɣ½ˣ
ҵͷ
ǰ̳һҵĽǣȻҲ˼ȻŮǵĹɣʣĶ뻸棬ҲָȻȻջؼң
ڰת֮䣬ӮҪǻˣöãҾͿԴŽ뿪ң˰ɣ




159 ʢ

Ů½ӭسһ·ϰջģЦ콩ӲˣòϹ⡣ӮлعڿɱȽæͿҪʽǻˣȻòæҪˣҺû˹԰æ
λŮݲ谴ĦȻǼãÿλ޶һǶһϲãǰ˻飬Ůһ
㵹ðǰ࣬ȴȥ
ӿǲ׸ĵģⲻҿʡˡ
УҿǺгɼģѸΪعӦȥ룬Ҳսʦ𣿻Ӯأ
е˵ԼĹһ̬
ŮעϣȵǸλǸɱ֮£²ԣϣλܲǰӣ
ȻΪ󸾣Ȼȱ̬¹Ǩ¾ˣǶǷӣӦû⡢Ӧ£
ŮҲǴ⣬׷׸ͣٻɵڷŮߣʱԵԺλΪǱݽĿͺˣ˵λʱ̨ͬգݳԺһҪһΣ
ƼɵٻҲǻϲýֵ÷ģǶһӣҲٻ׽ãֻҪ뿴һݸ㿴ģ
ʱҵ϶˵û뵽ҲħУǶһ
⻰ȻףҲؽ£˶Ǽ겻壬ֻλŮȫɫǵħУ
Ƥôһ䰵ȤĻŪݳ죬ܲ˼ǳЦӯӯס˵ְο㲻ôߣ˵ԵעעΪˣԺһú÷̷
ϸĵ˵öԡ
Ȳɲɴ֣ŮлԾ쳣ýеȣŮҲϲõȲɲɣܿȲɲɾŮúˣһ·ϵ֡СģһҪϺúóͷ
Ͻö˵ᣬǶŮϲŮ
ٺ٣ʱ䲻ˣλǷӦΪطϢ˰
Ҫʼʩչˡ
ŮĶ˵İ۸ңʵҲǿһãϾôȥһˣдˣŮǶҵ¶ѣۺһڶȥŤΣ֣̬ǧǵĺΡˮǵҵĻȼգͬϼͣϴܡ
æȸ˷ʯطһǺȴʽǻǾͰʢ񣬵ȵʱȢˣһϺú۰ǣ
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ʯطİһۣҺٺٻЦĲҪǿǵĽǣˣʮ㣬ɶĹŶĲҪ
ʵʯطĶѣڱôһϷʱ󾽣Ůͬʱû
ҹһЦûֲǵһ֪
Ů꽿ȻԼұ㾶ֱȥҵĴ󷿼䣬ⷿȽϼ򵥣ֻһЩ򵥵װƷԵصһž޴Ĵռ䣬߽ȥŮѾϣһ˫˫˵Ȱڷţƺ֡
Ϊˣ
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֮ҿɺæӮȥŵǻ䣬ܷѾⶩϣʽдӮѾڵǻ䣬ͬʱΪԪ꣬ཫʼΪԼĳν
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ӮԣǸϻμⳡƣȡ¹ȴȻҲڣӺ̳˴ذΧɷ׳ۣе·ϸŽ
̳и̨ϣܳʯֲΧܡӮһۣǰ棬ȸһӮУһŴһԹλ˳С
Ӯˣȣŵ֮ԯϸ̨󳼡Ѹ̨࣬ȻֻȸӮϼ̳λӮ
ӮüĿʼж֮񴫱طӮ󣬳ԯָӽʼ˱ʼʵۣͬʱΪԪ꣬ҪһͳҴҵ
˰ȾӮϥ¹򣬸꣡
ȫ˵֮࣬ȫϥ¹񣬸Ƕô׳۵ĳѹѹһƬ쿪ȥìֱڽУ룬ҲӦDVⳡ¼ҲԺлȥʼʽǻ¼Ƭ
ʢĵǻҾӮҪӮͦĵģĴٸ棺ة飬ȫͬ죬Ҵ죡ڴϰˮϯʽӦ
ҿ񺹣Ӯôݳޣȥʦ˴£һһҪ¡أͬ죬ԱԴصĹ빦ҲЩҲԷ֯ҲԻɹ֯úãȽ׹
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ȲɲȸԾԣЦ
ţѾƺʮҶǿʽģ۰
ಱӺͼ
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֣ס˰δڵ֣޽һԼڲԶĽūعǾʷһ̵̣Ĳԭϣһشʷת۵ˣ




162 ֮

˱Ϊ죬ش֪ͨ顶ңңѰؽ󣬿ʼأλϲƷĶߴעһǰ棩գҴŮϰĬǰϾ֮ΪĦĲƺͣϾѾˣѾ᧿ΣˣǱ뾡ȥΪܾϵĬ˵Ψһķֱ߹ɽʱڵ
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Ĭȴĵн޶д񣬿ūϣˣ




163 Ůǽ

ͷǵǺηʥоͨԣ񡭡һһ
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һ·ǷɱȥԼСʱ·Ǹϵ˰˵ĳϾפһƳǳصĵطΧرԵ˵ķźʵߴǽģ
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ͬҼκһŮӣ֮Ӣ֮ΪߴһװϣŮڲͬüëͬȻûԭŮü񣬵ǱһӢ촽΢ʵһЩ
ΪײһУðǶֵñײ䣬һͷɢ㷢ԭǰͷñУķɫǺɫģЩɫĸоǶҲǺɫģǴһֵɫҸоŮһ㡣
һУȴҸ˲٣ҵͷļѣȻ൱׳ʵȴ߱ϵǡôǰĺȼһλ޶ôҲҪһңҷǳͦǷμУŷ֣ԭԲβˣڹŴ˶ԣδ̿ŮԣӽϺá
΢ʱŮҲңҿһ𺳣ƺǶӢò벻ʵһ𺳣ƺǰδģ
ҷſĽʵû°ɣ
ǸߴŮָдɻʵ㵽Ǻˣô΢һʼԺ̸ڱȽǰЩˣǰɣ
ǸߴŮƺоûж⣬̾һѾֲ֧˶ˣѾҲ벻ʲô취ܻˣϵѾܲˣ
ԭ㻹һָӼңľֺܸߣľͽҺˣ
ҶǸߴŮչ¶һ˵Цݡ
Ů΢΢ʧƬ̣Ȼʲô취
ߵǽߣѾֵס˻ĳϾڳϾѾΪˣΪʿͬʱѹȵˣУеʱսͳ˧֮˳ҪеǴ֮⣬һտգҲ𵽳ʤЧΪսʱʿǺҪģҵΪˣ
ô
ߴŮһͬ
һָۣŴԼһ˵ǵĴ˴ιǵ˧ұȻʵҵļƻùͼ
ŮȡУһת˳ֽϣӣǿǿPOSEֱƻ˧һƺһܻΪһ㣬Ů񶼲һ
Хһһţ֧Ұһ㣬Ħƿһ￪ϮȥʿöƵڼǰķϣϵǣǼǿֱƺʵĶƣͬʱٴ˵壬Ǹͳ˧ûӦʱȻһࡣ
æһԿĿɿڴŮ췢ʩûѹǣ
˵æԻ˳ȥоͳ˧Ļˣ
һԴ󣬹ȻӰ󣬵оͳ˧һʧĲȣʿһǧɣŮæ˴𷴹ĺŽǣЩϾʿзͳ˧ôԶȥһ֧ɱʿ񣬷֮糱ˮһ㣬ĦĲĲӴʱѾδңûָӱȻҡ
㶨
ҶŮ˸Ƶ
Ůңг˺벻⣬Ȼóɫڲ̸ЩʱֻǵȽЩ˺̸̸ʱȻ㣡
˹ϴͬǽԼӾȻĦĲˣһʱ֮䣬ȲѣڼȻŮȻʲô棬ҵıǲ̶֪ˣرǴϵı죡
˹æŮָսô£ǵľܷȥˣ
ԭŮֵ˵Ц߹ȥģһжѾ㶨ˣսһߵٽտֹǣĦĲľӲöþͻ᳷ˣ
˹ϼ˵һӢԭӣȻоǳ֣ͻȻ˰˵Ļ𾪵㡭ѵǡԭ裿
΢һ֣ǫЦ±ǳ裬⽣Ǳ͵ģǺǣ
ԣ֪Ҿǳ󣬿ҵղŴͬˣʵľǸԭս裿һ֮ĳ裿
еƣô˺˵һѵѾֵز
鲻⣬Ǳ˵⻹ҪشģҶһЦ£˹ϴʱʵܻĦĲľô࡭
ģղһɱǵͳ˧νȺףֻǵͷߣκõġûһʩˣͳһɣǵͺѲãͳ˧һҲ̴ˣǿʿ䣬Աʰǣ
սȭͷгЦ
˷ܵĵʵ̫ˣūһǽ㣬ټԭ磬һܻĦĲ¶ǵĶ
վڳǽ֮ϣһµţͳ˧ȫչֻ࣬˫ָڱ۾ɨսһ˳ᢵ̬ңеɫǸӣһ˿ȻȼŮȽϸģΪŮˣĿȻܲǺ˼ֻǶһۣ΢Цѡ
˹ƺҲ˼˿ңȻϵḻȻ۹ⲻͬͬʱҲȽȫ棬ֻͣڱ档
ȻߣĦĲػ᳷ˣȻΪǲʹ˰ݣϾ̫ƽֻʮ죬ʱõһƣ
ûа취¡ϾĦĲľʵ̫Ĳ࣬սԣԷԵƣеԽأĵбҪʱֻһ޵սȥˣ
Ұ뿪ЦĶԼȻ
Ȼֵֻĺһ۵ֻҪǰʵսϷʵҪȫ˵Ҳǲ֮£˳Ͼ֮ΧǱϿȥȳǵĵֻǲūֹͣԭ
֪ǱԵĻǼˣ֪ʲôˣ
ʵѾ˸ףϴǴ֮һ̸Ѿ԰Щ˽ˡ
ӣ쿴ĦĲľӹȻ˱ˣ
ߵߣңָսΪǰӿ˿ңҵֱȻ΢΢ķأʵдΪȣߴĻҪһЩҪһҲԹͻ
ľٶȻȻˣȴʩΪȲֲֹЩҴʱûע⣬ֻЩƣΪʲôū˶ʶһ




164 Ů

ڣһ٣ʱסˣ
˹ϳ̾˿оȫɲ٣Ϊˣû뵽ᷢչڵľ档
ʱǶѾصªĳӪϢȻǻüһ½ȥսϾʱ䲻࣡
ӣǽȥΰǺã
һֱң񿴼Լİһ㣬Ϸһ˿һѵŮӾͶôŵ
ŮôЩ΢Σ΢΢˶ҳǶԣǺܲھʵϣǶѷĦĲľӣҺȻǵкܶı֮ˣԶǶԾƲǺܺã
˹æʵӦô죿ӣūȫˣһҪ취
ΪӺ󣬰˹ҲΪˡ
Ȼ΢ü˹ϣ֪һ£ϿɷΪǽ󣿡
֪ʲô£빫ӷ˾ʱˣ
˹Ϻǿĵ
Ȼʵ˵ӦкüλϣзֱһЩΪʲôԮأ
Ĭʱ͵ģеı࣬ĦĲѱ䣬ҵõ˵İϾʵԭأ˹ϴ˴׵壬ĦĲȽ⻹ҪԭΪĦĲɱ˸ͨ·޷֧ԮΨһܹĵطԭϧ
üͷԭʲôطѵܴȥ𣿡
Ϊҽ͵ԭһƬƽԭ֮أ̲ݱأʹƽԭһ㣬ǱƺƽʵɱסŸֶжݣһС̻жסȺЩȺʮֻͣҪԭЩȺͻȺʹд޷ֿ޷ͨ
Ҵв죬û뵽ĵطȻȻǧٹ֣ʲôС
ǶԻ˵һҲεĿңʵǳûʲôƲߣĦĲľӲվͻٹˣ
ҴˣȻռǵĵλãǾͺúãҪ뻹һʱǳһЩͶʯǰһô죬ʱػϴóսϵĵǲСúܺãָӣ
ҺǺһЦһССĹӡ
¿һЦˣҪˣ˼Сż˵ɣ
һҲµĴȤȻңڰ˹밢ǶʵĿңΪܴﵽʤ࣬Ȼþչָʵ±عףԴʿĿģ
оȻģֻѵ롭
ҵͷʿ䣬ұһȥԸЩˣֻǵʿʿžʤģҪŤתƣʤİ취˶δ˵ʲôΣգĦĲľӺЩ˱ȱԭҪǿ׳ˣ²ôס
˹ϴĿһۣʯطȸһǰۣȻ󵹺еֵСģǷµģ𣿡
ʯطһգر˵Ƿĸ֣ūбΪǽŮĻʯط仰ĺ壬ƺʲô֣ʲôɬһϲɫڣ±˿һ㡣
ҽһЩ򵥵Ͷʯͼ˹ϣʱһЩδպսóżȻŮڳڲιһ£ǱҲͲǺܴÿҵĽ߹ĵطܻһӣû취˭ҵӸأ
ǸӰ룬ߵҲҵԼĳǷ𣬵ȻҲûָһЩͶʯˣЩ˼ֱΪˣҶԾӲԼӦԷһ˽⵽ҵĲŻʹǱΪūһǽҲǶҴΪƳ磬ͬʱпҵĿҲˣ
ҵĸ첲ȵĵɣҴȥ䣡
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ҵȻνˣǾеֵֹģΪܸߣվԱ߸оĵܵһ㣬ܹŹֵĸܡ
ʿϢһطֻΧųһȦмŤһƺһ㣬Ӧˤɡһ׳ţҵļֱӤһ㣬Ҳ⺹ǡ
һᣬڷʤһ˽һˤڵأΧ˱˷ܵĹƣЦܺÿԭŮôЦ¶ݣ纬ߵʻЦܺݺչ¶ǰ
ЦֻܴһָоǾǽüһӢ߱ص˾ŮˣһĪĹ٣ƺǲҰһ㣬Ů˸ȥ˻Ǽͷ
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ȻҲǱԣ˿ҲˬղǸʤļһˣ˰λԭѰɣһдһ°ɣ
ôһУΧ̶ˣʼ´ΰɣȽ˵о֮Χʱеʱд裡
˿ɲŹңô˵мĵԭĽҿҲûʲôԭ˶ôҲȥһֻˣ
һ⻰΢üͷⲻһûȳȻȳ಩˵ʲôأԴǵĿ˵𣿳ǵģ񣡻㲻ɳӵı죬ҪʮҲĶ֣
п񺹣ô˽г಩ѵ·ģЩū˾û·ҲӦİɣ治ô
ǽг಩ĸ׳ѵ̾ŭǴСһ𳤴ͿԳɻˣΪʲôǲӦϻصΪǰţԼūǽȨ˸ԭСӣͶĻˣ
ĻǺҴз˺ĶʼɣҺǼʡ
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˵Σ˫峺ȪˮŨŨ⴫ݹǳȵƺҪۻһ㣬е㲻ףô˰
Сʹ쳣ӣҲǼѣһӶĵ֣ΪıսͳūĵһǽͬʱҲ۸ڶЩ׷ӣһϡ
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˵꣬һߵ롣
ǳ಩Ŀ⣬ƺԼģΪ⿴׶һ߶ȣǴСӱ䣬ӱûȴģ֧һɹһ￪⣬˺ͼٲͳ˧࣬͸ͨеģ
಩һҷӦᣬ˫һ㣬סң뽫˲ŵϧţˣһһ˾Уץϳ಩׳ֱۣӲǽĶס
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಩ŭһ˫ּɫǵͨ죬һŤҪ԰˦ͻȻ˫צһǧ׹һҪҰ⵹ڵʱһĻ𾪵Ļ档
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ǳ಩ڵϣе͵Ŀ˿Լ֣Ǹ˵ĲˣԼϵ˹Ȼģ
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ҴԱ߹εĵ㻹侲һ°ɣɲУ
ʱҲȥע಩߸˵§ҵĸ첲ְˣЩūʿʵˣչʵǶҾмѣң
ұ̸߱ŻпջȰȰɣ
֪ˣעģֻҶûиоϲֻ㣬֪Ҷôһʵˣ
һ˷ܵı飬ҵԼһ롣
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ƺԴ˺ʲôֻҪϲһ𣬲ȻҪʲô
ǲ⣬ū˿ϲԷǾͿһˣûʲô⡣ԭͲͬˣǾȴˡΪ棬˿ȢԼϲŮˣʱŮûеλʱ͸߼޸ȨƵˡ
ҶһЦͷ޵ʱĽЩūˣһжԶΪûйĶǣûжթҲÿűˣҪűƣ
ȥԭҲԭ˽⣬ԵԭȷʵңЩ˵һĶǣҾÿ۰ǻִ˲ƣģ
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ôɫֱҳѪܣұϸˣȻУȻŮЦ̸ţһʱŨصֻ΢Ҳ߶ʮһ̽˵̺ϣӳһ磬ͿʼǵѣܿҵķͦõľأֱĿС




165 񣿡

ҺúõˬһǺ죬˵ĸоλޣȻǱҸɵȫţһƺͷˣҲûʲô˵߸ɱˡ
ôͻȻôɫѽǸɵö촭ˡ
ҧһµĽ飬ٺЦôˣѵ𣿸ղдŶ
ץǶǹ飬֪ǶԾ飬Ĵľ飬ûһ˿ͻأҲ뵽ҪܽԾץУ棬ǸǶôһ£֪ʲôĸܡ
YYУˮҲԾ˳Уʲôˣ˼ҵСˣ
æһٺڨЦеûֻԼ֪ˡ
ƺһ۵϶˼ˣ
ƺԷжӣҲܲħצˣ
ȻЦŵֹԷ˼ô򵥣Ȼǣ޲Ͷϼ޸أûǷʱ𣿡
ʯطЦ˵Ҳǣ⣬ɵҲóūŮӻǺܿţֻҪϲˣ̱ףԭŮȷǴֱͬʵͦϲģط룬ôˣҲһˣ
ƿЦط˵öԣõֱʵĿɰҲûʲôĻ˼ҲͦϲģöûĻ׼ˣ
λŮͬʱЦû֦Ҳֳմˣϻع񣬺ٺЦǺûʹɣôɲŶΪҵ𣿡
ұϣĦңЦⲻǱ˷ôһŮˣ÷ץˣŮԭŮӴͬܳأ
ҷץķΣݺݡ˼ѣװģʹ߼ʵأôȥץأԼţ۰أ
ʯطһǧĵİۺͱֻɫǣ
ҹֽЦǴɫǣôǾɫǵţҪúóͷǣΥΪ򣬿ôͷǣ
˵գȥ۷֫Σۼ޲ңѰ·쳾괦ҵսֿʼ졭
⼸죬಩û鷳ҲæŲߣ粽룬ŮҲǼӸһ㣬ȻҲżһ£¶޳ȣż͵Ϯľ飬£Գ֮ûǹʵʲô
ҲǱ֮ȴ޴йʵ֮
һգţģΪϣҹ˾ģֻһЩѲߵˡңȻϣе㲻ҲУҲֱӰͷѹĺϣռˡ
Ҵһ˵ĵطһεĵطһѱסңѹסңͷȲû뵽ôͲס翪ŵūЩ¿϶ҲνģĵӺܴ󣬺
ֱֻ§סĽȻЩǺܴȴһζҵҲУǹལֱӽҵ˫ҲԽԽķλǾ飬Ҹš
ȥֻӳһ̺ӵ£û뵽ֱѹϣҲͨˣȻϵĲ࣬Ҳᱻѹô
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ҵĿǱ޷ľޱȣǳߴǹ󣬳󲨰԰ģ˿ãѾƲסˣֻӣҴӣǶԺֱѹϣʱŤţĦҵš
ǶԺѹҵؿڣŸܵʲôСȻŮӹȻԹţûʲô˼ģѽǰ΢һɣƵɽֱѹϣԼͷǲǱž޴ȫסˣҿʼ̰˱Ū
һֱֻסҵķͻȻһ󽿺ġô󣿡
ʱĻȥشѾȫڲԺˣҲ൱˷ܣôû뵽ΪūţԿŮ˽Ҳ֣ҰʱһһŮЩ£Ҳмģʱ;ūӹȻܴ󣬲벻ūӣҵļֱǹһ㡭
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һǶū˵ʾûҵʱʹߣֻ΢üͷ͵͵ĺһȻܿͽ״̬ϹȻūҪǿ͵öࡣ
˶ùԿλǶȣ޶Уÿÿ鲻ѣԽԽĹƣڵֵס˽ԽԽû취ֻü˸磬Ծд
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Ѿ̱һУѾܵˣҰѷγ˵棬ܲпĸоǳ㣡
Ȼô˵ˣȻ֮ˡţİʱͻȻо˵Ϊ֮ҽȻһͻͽҲԼЩ⣬Ϊǳ಩ġ
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಩ƺЩѵҲ˷裿ҲɣҲҽҿɲ֪
Щԥһ˳Ե̫ðɣҪǳ֪ô
㶮ʲôԭо仰ʶʱΪܣĦĲľӺǿǸز˶ãǳҲһ˵ֵô˵ģūʿЩԭʿôȣ
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Ѿ಩ϻһӣ˵Ļ˯ѨȻɣǹغáĦĲľӦþͿˣ
ĦĲΧ˴˴˹ϵľӣȻ˶ڣվڳǽϣңԶĴ
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䡱ѾǹһӣкܶʿǰƺõļͶʯڳǽϣһ빥ΧͶʯ飬ǡ
ܵ˳شָӻϹ֣Żļ֧ĲͬʱΪͶʯĹϵǵĹ޷ǰУȻû취ľ롣
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ǰ㣬ǰһһ޴磬ֱӽЩһӵϵʿγһһȺһȺĵ˸˿УҽһȥھͬһѴȣֱɨƽһƬȫ
ʱʮֹ죬һƬһƬ˱У쫷ƺһһЩ˴öֲ嶫ϱˣеǺܵˣҳ裬ƮָΪһ֮ƣֱնϳһĺۼΧͱ˻ɡ
֮ڳǾԼЩ뵽ڵĳôôӰУɹűĳֻţһƬƬĴУҰЩ˸ȥˣʵеͦħĴ˵
ڳǽϵĳϾǾϲѣֱҵˣҲǣͨõҿһ˰ô˶ˣӦñȹţһЩɣٺ٣
УȶԷʿԴƽأֱԽǵķߣֱȡǵĴ˧
һȣһֳɵӳһĵǵжƱǰĵͬһ㣬һһƬɨ˹ȥ֪˶ˣһţҵ̽Χȫ
һ̣ӰһѾֳצƣץͳ˧ĲӣԻǸϿͶͶĻ³Χһǵͳ˧Ҳ͹ԹͶ
˶ͣϾ˾ͲǷǳ࣬ΪĦĲ˲پȥԭϴΪҵĳ֣ҲʧȻ١Ҹղſ˵ı֣ǸǶ־η

һȣУֻһȾʿЩûվˤڵأЩʿѾŹˣᷴˣæʲôƵģ
гϾһˣһ˾Щ˼£ôԸԭˣ
񣡽񣡽񣡡
˶ڿ񺰡




166 ԭ

ĦĲܣ˹̱ЩͶʿǾūʿұô׵ıһţĻҸ԰
ΪĦĲԭսߵ£ǻ޷Ԥ뵽˭Ҳ֪һͻȻֽһΪһ˶Ťתơ
밢˹ұᴩԭطĳϾųΪԭ֮ƣĦĲûöپӾסطĳϾֻҪҳ̾ͿԽˣʱǼϻغϺĦĲ⡣
θһߴģмȻ塢ơʯط¡ǺĬȻټһ˵ǱѲҪָˣһͬȥʱҲܰæνһˣɹȥ
һɽκڿԭȻһƬɫĲݣ̺ͬһ㣬ƽԭƺһвжСǱȽ鷳
磬Ǹô죿
ʵ
ȸ㶨Ķ˵ȻǻסǣǶˣ
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İɣǹԱߣ
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վһֻߵǰ棬ȫð˿˿ܿΧĵ涼ƽһ˪һ㣬ɫӨѩҷΧԽԽһֱչȥЩݶһɫװعһ㣬ɷǺÿ
⡭⾿ʲô
Ǻʵ
ǷĺЩݶ棬ɾҲû취вˣ
ЦΪ͵
ѧ𣿡
СŮĿʵǺ˷ܣ
Ҳ˹ЦѧȻԣҪʹúɲףûи޷תΪԵģѧ͵ȽãľУ
ǼᶨĵͷһúѧڹģԺҲһҪѧ
ȻֻҪˣԽתΪԣֻǺҲתΪʵԴ
˼ԭѧȻ£ԺһҪúѧУ
չϣԼĽƬԭԴԴĺ֣ЩݶͷӲʲôãҲʲôвˡ
תͷ˵߰ɣǸʱ䣬Щ£ͿȥԸĦĲˣ
ֶԼȻǵǼͽǴˣһȺǾֱӴ뿪ԭԸˣ
˵գұ𣬽ŵݼ⣬ڰգȻˣβʩչṦڲϷУܿǱԭĵشǵٶȿû취¡
ΪûʱͻȻԶǵټǰָָʾŮ뿪ԼͣԭأѾоܶѾΧ˹
Ұڿ˼ƣ׼ѵһЩǣǾͲ鷳ˣϵǣȷкܶΧΧǲδңֻһͷϴ˳ǰȻ͹ͷҽš
һȻҲǴ֮ѾǶԸˣЩǸΥϵζҲζζЩǲңԴǴһ㣬ʵֻҪҷųƣЩȻ᳼ģҲû⶯
ͷǵͷȻǶȥɣҪĻһٷԸǵģ
ͻȻ뵽һļƻ˳ϾǣԴǴԭֻҪҵķԸЩҲôͲõˣԭ·̣Ϳֱ밢˹ǻϣֱĦĲȥʱҵİæѵʲô
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ʼΪմ޵ϢЩǶҶˣҲãųϾֱȥܾ밢˹ϻϣͿԾȥĦĲԸǣƽūң
ĬԵͷͨԭϣٶȽܶ࣬ʱҲɱĦĲֲ
ⷽУȻ˵ܱ֤ƽͨԭӦûʲô⣬ʱֻҪͨԭ·̣ȡʱ䣡
ЦˣȲˣȥＸλϽΧ۰ɣֻҪͬҾ;Ըұ֤ܺͨԭ߰ɣ
һˣָ·ʵϵľӵ밢˹ϲǺԶĦĲüưţΧϾͬʱԭ֮ƣܿôһЩסϾǲ
ܿǾ͸ϵһϾӵأ룬õ֮ƣ˷£ǳǼνԭˣ۱ʲô̾ϧǵˣ
ô죿
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Ĭûж룬ͽҵİţѾҵˣǳмѣŴǣ
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شҵ
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һ£˶˳ȥμ죬ֳɽʮֱӻ˷£ͬʱΪ˿·
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ֻҴ˫дЩƺľһ㣬裬ŸԵĿϮȥȻҶĿƴﵽһֲ˼ĳ̶ȣȻγ֣
֮ǱϮһ㣬ըÿӿݵģЩķ¸ʲôƵģѾɻҽˣ־ɵƣвһ㣬һ޴ĵжһ㣬κ谭޷赲ֺ
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۵ϾΧڣ̺ǿսĵѾǣסˣҲƻˣ
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죬ϴڴȥͻΧϱ˷ʱˣ
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ϾһȻķԸŻع̷͹糱ˮӿһ㣬οôţȵڣľӣֱ練ƣһ仰ûѶȰ
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ģҵ˽̷ˣﰢ˹ϽΧ
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λһڵܵǰ
æҡҡֵϲÿӦץʱ䣬ȥϽΧȻ󼯽ӣĦĲ
ϣֱӴԭȥԽʡܶʱ䣡
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ԭкܶȺжݶ棬ôȥ
ǳһԾСĵ
Ϸģа취һƽǹȥǴɷľˣ
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ҶЩȺһʨӺһ㣬ЩȺͺӵľƵģ˿ȥһȥóϾǿǾﲻѣҵ񣬾͸һ㡣
Ʋһ㣬ѹɽ޶¹˵ϾȻһƬ䶯ǻΪˣǳϻںأ
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ȥ֪ͨ˹ϣǵָص㼯ӣȻͿһĦĲȥֻҪƽūңǾ̫ƽˣعʵͳһ²ʱˣˣʲô鴫𣿡
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ܿ죬ǾһϾӵأĦĲľøߵͲ͹£Ȼܴңûκá
ָӲӣʿ䣬չǿĹƣ̸˳شͬʱҲЩϾʶҵǿʵֱǾףɵöҸǾһսʳʿҼ
ܿͽս̵ʱ䣬ԭǺܿ콫гϾӾȳͬʱϰ˹ϣгϾȫԭϣΪЩȺѾˡ
ʿʶĪʵǸʿ߰ҳģսȻʿҪ
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̸ϣָӣʼĦĲȥҲμԭսְūսȻϰ




167 Ѫ

оƻʱ䣬ܽӽĦĲľˣĦĲɣԱϮͻ룬ɱǸֲУΪԾĦĲĴǳϾĶ࣬һЩ鷳档
ʱӪϢһͬʱҲɱȥ̽һĦĲ벻ǻô͸Ϲɱֲϣģ
ӪϢһ°ɣѾӽĦĲˣ統ɴﵽΪ˽뻹һЩȥ̽һʲôõѡ
Ҷʵ
˼Ƭ̵½Ұˣв˶Ǻ֣ͬʱҲ֣һܰõģȥԸ
ʲôעĵطҲҶ˵ˣ㶼ܿܵ
΢һЦ
һ΢ЦȻٻӰȥҸ֣Ȳ⣬㵽ߡ
գҹˣžֻЩվڷڵģѲߵģ˲඼˯ˣȻŮҲ˯ʵ˵ܲŮЩսõģԸǶڼսǺܲпΣ
ִǬóƿƣĺνԾƵ裬Σʵգһ˺ȾƣʱҲͦ
̣ƺЩҡεţͻȻֻͷһǱʲôסһ룬̱˿һϸ߲ʹҲ޷ϣԽԽ˱¹ʹЩϸżâ
Щϸ߾ôĹҵĲӣ͸ҵɫһãֻһֻҵôڿУЩϸȻĽҵڿС
ͻȻԤףһӰһѳ⣬ֱҵ࣬ûκԥȷʵɣǰѽŵһ˲䣬ԭӦѾңȴͻȻ̧ͷһ⡣
ҿһȣǽϣȴ·޷ƣҷֺһգͻȻȫͬһ㣬ǺӰ֣ǰһƬӰֵҵǲסҵϸȫжϡ
һһȡǺӰͬʱȵݹаɣ
ݹܽƵϸ壬Ӧϸ֮ϡݹû˿ԥһһץҶ׷ɣգۼЩƮɢ֦Ҷ̱ƿ֮ɵһ㣬Ϯұ档
һ֧ſƣھԲϮɵҶȫܿƣҵǣתУͻȻ仯ΪֱƣһƻһƷ̻Ҷ
ݹҲҶʱ̽ͷż㣬ֱͣңںڰɢâĳҵĿŴһĽǶȴһһתһ䣬һȦú󣬲ƫУݹĽҵĽϡ
һϻнһŤתâһݹҲʾнӣཻ˽ҺӪؽԶ򶷵Ҳ̫󣬲Ȼ˶ˡ
֣գ۾͹˼ʮУݹĽһǵһμʶǳͬһ㣬ƮʱʵʵȴΪӰŻ
Ҷԣ⵹£ݹʮкһâֱݹݹصɫַųϸߣͬ֩˿һ㣬ҶͬʱִһƬ֦ҶΧ˶
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ݹ벻ѧսͼ¼󣬼ʹѧ֮ҲԶԸЩ֮ʵݹ΢֮ʱҵӰһţݹٶѾ죬ǰ㲻ʲôݹֻǰһѾһؿڡ
ݹӲǸıΣһҵĽؿڻݹнһţǽֱҵ࣬ҵĿһ۾ͷֽϸ߲ƣͬʱƳֱȡҶ
һ㷭ΪһƽʽֱݹͬʱҲݹһݹı飬һȾӶࡣ
һݹֵסҲͣЪнͬˮкһ㣬бͬһ㣬ǧ򻯣ݹԽԽҽϣƺܻΪ棬ˮһ㣬磬ˮ
ҲϵĽ£޾ʽֱݹͻȻһһһƮһ㣬ݹӰѿʵʵ˷ֲС
ΪҾûа취𣿡
¶һ˿Ц
ͻȻڿУӰһΣΣиһѱѸһ㣬źâݹķһƬһ̣ѾݹǰǰѽѾţһ񣬼ʹݹļٶȣȻ޷һγģ˵Ĺˡ
ݹڳӮˣ
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ԭһ۾ѾˣȻıǷʵҲϵǰɣ
ݹǰĵͳͬԵЩɡ
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¶һ֪㲻΢ЦЦݵ
УҲһ۵£Ī˵ĺܶԣʵӦԤϵһսؽԼͬʱҲһֽѰɣҲĳ־ΪЩ˽Ѱɣ
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һ̰ɣĪһ
̾
ݹͷʱõˣҲʱˡҲ뿪˰ɣҿóʵѾƣˣ
ƣ룿ǵġǺƣˣǽһеʱˣ
¶һεЦݵ
ҽؿڰγݹûκϢǰЩ˸У֪Ϊʲôʱ˻׽Ūˣһ̾ټˣϣһвͬˣ˵پЩȨ
ͬĪһ㣬ݹɢͬһ㣬ۣһоôˡߣһ㡭
ǵġˡҺˡڵֻϣܾʵĿ꣬һУȻԼİλ뿪ȥʦ֮磬ʱң޷ǡ
尡ɱ
Ŀںš
ҴųϾĦĲľӣĦĲôҲû뵽Ͼô㼯ͬʱô̵ʱڹƽԭ֮ϣ̽ս˺ɱ˷
ĬһЩ͵ĦĲ󣬴ȾȳǵĸףҲūĵڣͬʱǣסĦĲľӣĦĲѾҪһٹƳǣΪ֮ĳǲģȻлЩ϶
ǵĵǴ⣬ĦĲûа취ܽ⣬޷רĽԭҲҵļƲ֮һĦĲհǰ˺󣬲ڴ˿ֱӹƳǣҲɼϾĵ˴ڣʵʳѰ
ڽϣңսΪͻϮĦĲľΣȻõһֳƻ룬ȻתΪѹֻҪöԷ֯Ǿܳû̵ˣʤǳɹʼӴ
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ȻһĲʲôѵܸ߽𣿡
ҹһЦȻԸǣΪǶԣûܵģǷĺˣ
漴ʵǷǺأýΪֵɣ
΢һ˺ɱսƬ̲Żص룬ҵȷһУʣµ£뿪ȥûзգңӣ
ŮȻóܸоҵʵܡơʯط¶ԱߣҲ˹ұŮΧм䡣
ƶһЦΪһӦòԶˣֻҪƽūԭûʲôвˣʱع彫ڣͳһʱգҲ÷ٲκϽȥֻҪһͳȻͿ뿪ˣ
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µǿһЦƽˣʮλ輧أʱǿǶҪǳҵĴأ
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ҵȷڿճսȥҵĳȻóϾһƬƴǣҽŵһƬȺභս
Ҽǰн֮ʱͻȻһĽƿնһкŲƣȻһֱ㣬漴档
ֻһƮȻأʮ⣬ѩףҲеһȣһͷЩ˿ϣֿᾢͬһ㣬Ӣȴʮ䣬˫ƽбһ°Ʈٷ
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Ѫ
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ҲߣԱٶȣжһѱ޻Σסĳ롣Ѫнƿ֮ûһĺ佣ӿ
ֻǵҲ֣Χȫ޹Уһãжһ˦ѪѪнһͬʱһһʱȥҵĽ
ҳû׷ǰѪû뵽ٶô죬²ԥ¾Ṧʩչ׷ڰ֣ԿԿ죬첻ϣսʿһһ֣ߣѽʮ֮ϡ
Ѫн裬ͬһĴɢΧūʿȻܵ㶼㣬һһơƸơҵ̽ѪĽޣͬʱн裬ϮѪ
Ѫ䲻˸һƬɢӰĽ𣬵汻ǽۣΧ˸ǱˣϵĶϣв̶á
ҵĿ콣Ե棬磬ףֱĽӰУһΧȫɢεһƬˣսмӲǱǸһƬյس
˲Ϣֻ֮һҵĽѪĳһ˵Ľȫ˵ͷ޷ԶΧƺڱʼҴܶͻȻǵγһ޴֣ԽԽֱΧ˶ƿͻȻѿһԲʱֳǱըϯȥ
Χʿŵȷȫ亹ͬմӺһ㣬ôֲ˶Թһǡ
һˣԭأѪ˺üԽ֧ز֮ͣɫû뵽ҾȻڴʱһ֧ìЯƿ֮Ŀֱָҵ࣬Ҳ룬һìҵĽС
ֱ΢û뵽ì֮˵ı֮һӣԽнì۹⴩ѪԶֻһ׳ţһͷЩɢҵͷһͻһ˸ļֱû˵ţûô׳ɣʹЩ׳ūʿҲûǿ׳ɣ߿ܱȵҦˡ




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սƺһƽǾ˹û·¶׳ļ⣬ȫɢ񲻿ɵƣͬһͷͻɽʱ˶ɣʬ޴棬˫˵Ĺâһۣŵ̱
ĦĲ
ҵ˵֡
ߣǻǸ𣿸ɱ
ĦĲһߣͬʱȵ
ȷʵʷ˰ƺһ㣬ĦĲūʿ̳ǰȥϾҲʾΪмȻŮڣǵ书˵һƬƬɨˣʿϲĦĲľӣʱֿʼɱ졣
ĦĲּһֻìͻȻŭһһкɨǧ˱ҵľ磬ոΧʿûܶٲͱɨһƬ󣬹εۡ
һνɣ
䣬ԳѪûһнָԭֱĦĲദ̵Ƥʱȴ̵ͬһ㣬Ӳޱȣж΢ȣѵһѾһ㵶ǹ룬ˮ
ĦĲ¶һ˿ЦͬצһĴ֣ȭһңҵؿڣǲûԤе龰ǳصһȭϣ·һƮ⣬Ҳûܵκ˺ĦĲ־֮ɫ
Ѫ䵭ĵҸ񣬾ƾϵĹ˲ֺ׷ˣԭѧɲóģ
ĦĲһҲѪֻϮѪԹԣ콣¶һ˿мЦݣٶ༸ǶҵĶ֣οֻˡ
ҽ²Ʈ첻ִѪĿ콣вУͬʱһĶãһĦĲľ֣ʩ̫ȭ֮壬˸գתƸȭϣ޴ĦĲѪҲǾȲѣû뵽ҾȻһж
˶һţĴߣ֮ȻʬҰΪѪı佣ĦĲȭȻûϣȴѾ磬ͬµҹһ㣬е˻ܻ
һұΧȻȥܶԸĺˣ
ȻһۣǾλˣȻȥһ֮
һ䣬ȻӣͷƮȻӹٽʱȻ˫˫âһѽ˵УֻȻʹŮͬʱ˫ϱڣͬ赸һĽٻӰֱĦĲѪ
ĦĲ󾪣ΪŮĽâСȱâѪ̧һãԾʽܿĽ̻ȼĦĲŮòзɫԼĿ⣬ֻŮҪˣ
ȻмһǷκһ£ǶҪ岻̫ˣҲһֱȡĦĲȻѪ˲ôܽˣǵģһܶԸαأ
ͻȻһ𣺡߾
ƷʨӺ𣬻ޱߵȥһβȣֱӵڵϣĦĲãδأѾЩͷۻѪƾԼĹӲǳ˹ȥ
һȵλΪˣ
Ȼԣͣ齣ŲأĻԡһӹɣֱĦĲѪѪ俪ֱӹǿзâһнǬĽֱС
ͬʱһֻΪȭ͵ۼ֣һȭĦĲĦĲ˳̵ȭȭӳȭֻཻһĦĲֶʱֹѣͻȻȫֵĽֱѪǰĽϣͬʱһȭ˳ѹĦĲĿţؿڣȻֻҴһֱпȥƬ˼ĺۼ
ĦĲ̲ס³һѪͬʱߵķݣɳȥѪҲò˶٣һѪƴżƵӲǸҵĽͬʱæ㣬˿֮⣬Խ֧أӡ
ʱһȵ磬Ǿȳҵ
ȻҼĦĲɱһˣǰĬ߻һ׳ͬĦĲһˣūĵˡ
ΧܶĦĲ˶ģ㿴ҿģҶԶĦĲ΢΢һЦǸýʱһǿʵô
ҴѧӰ޼һ㣬ʹǬŲƣҰѽֱڵϣ˫ȷּֿưڿǰһΪģһһ˳ƶչƶأҵӿսͻȻһ㣬ͬ
ЩʿŵľսǸǿȣվվȣͻȻ˫һŲһ޴أͬһ˸̧תһ㣬˳ŲķתŹԲ֪ж˱˦˳ȥҲ֪ж˱ײ˴ˤ
ĦĲʱѾվˣѪ񹦣ò¼仹кҵĶ֣ʥѾˣ
սһƬǼǵҲ𾪲ѣȫŴˣūĵڣָ̻ȵ߲ɱĦĲѾ군ˣ
һ㴣ţƺŽµһ㣬˶˵ĸߴͬԴĸɽͷ壬ҺܵսսˣѱҲѾˣ߲ɱǶˣĦĲĻǾ;Կҽɲˣ
гϾȫȸԾǸĺУ쳹ĦĲѾվˣѪȻǷı飬ƺⳡսʤûκһ㡣
ĦĲ˶ì꣬ȫͶˡûĪĿֲˣūѱ䣬ԵսۣϷԵĽβˡ
лӣûгӣūһķѣҲûа֮գϯҵл
ҵȻһЦڿˣֻϣٻȥԭľӣȻҴص޽Լұ֤ūĻ棬ͬʱҲչԭԼ⣬ģ
û⣬гһ仰ѵһỳ˴ţлؾӣӾܷģ
ںˬЦ
һҹ뵥ڵҲǺˣѵһָֻƽھͿԭܷ֮񾡿ˡ
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ͻȻѪǸ磬ĦĲҰֱܺ뿪ˣҲûΪҵֱңҸЩ˱λˣȻΪʲôô棬ǸüĻҪġ
ѪҵıӰҪ㣬
ת˫ָ΢΢һЦ·ɣ
Ѫһͷתεض𣬷뿪ҽżأڿն𣬽ѪӭԾԭһɽ£ֻ˼䲻éݣһ֪ʱǵģѾоˡ
ѪéǰȻ
һͷƿéݵţѪת뿪ߵȥˡ߽éڣ΢һĳ裬ȷǷǳ򵥣ûʲôװΣéзŵ̺һһӡ
һۣͣԼʮңӢŷ٣һͷڼҼüƲԿһ򵥡
ϸ۲֣һۼǾʹµģɴ˿ɼһңĺȣϢƽͣȻƽżע⵽Ӣ֣ǸڼҸ֣ҵжĽزѪʤѪ
¶һ΢Цʾӣ
Ҳһ΢ЦɵĶ棬żɽʵ֪γƺΪһƵҶ³У
Ҹպһھƣ֣ѿеľƸǺ˼ڣȻŵҶ³ǣҶ³ǣ
Ҷ³΢΢һЦҶ³УôҵϤǲûɣ
Ŷǣֻʶһˣֺѣ
ڵҿɲ͹дǸҶ³ǵġ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
Ҷ³кеĺһھƵ
һֵҿɲɣôµõ
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Ҷ³΢΢һЦʵֵһ쿪ʼҾ֪֮Զɹˣ
Ϊʲô㻹Ҫأ
㲻֣ѵһĶжϰ֮ˣ˵õҲǣͬǧ׵ãһһ㡣ҲֻΪЩ°ɣ
Ȼһжѽˣˣûʲôˣϣһս
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Ȼ
꣬ū˱Եȹҵ˴ϢĻᣬû뵽ūع޽ԼֱϮຫ깥£ֳƳԹΪ˹ķƣȵ˧޶գͬʱ뾣κƴ
ΪȻû뵽ūȴͻȻйΪˮ·ɱͬʱԹֱȡձ˺ǡ
꣬ԼֱȡͣͬʱڣطһͬٴӦϣҴܣٴƣ´һͳγɡ
꣬꣬ʷ֮Ԥԣͳһʼʰ䲼֮ͳһơ˰ơƵȡ
ͬʱ˹ŸĶļͬʱȫܷȵӲһжϸذҲӿʼĻֵ̿Ӧ̫ƽհҵ
ꡪڡ
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ˣƱ
ôãҲǣ
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ʲô˼ңСӣ
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Ҷ³жһۣ˻΢Цһ£һ˼ͬʱνʡ˿ֻǰһѳӰٽӽ˲Ϣ֮䣬ֻŽĽ⣬ͬһ㣬켫󣬹Ӱȥ
쳾ң齣
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ʱӵϵԲι⻷м䣬һ֮ľ޴ֱ֮ͨ䣬ֱҹ֮У貵ǹҲѱһ޴Ĺڸǡ
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һ棬һۣòӢΰӴ˸磬ֻô£оģѵһᱻƣɣѾ϶ƵСȥˣѵжʱ徻˱ˣҵĸŰɣٺ٣
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