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ЩӵĿ⺺ӣţҪˣ˼ҡ
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壺ҿûЦ۴壬Բˡԡٺ٣ҲǷԲͦģٺ١
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ҡҡͷˣ㷽Ļҽȥɡ
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ϣ󲮿ңһ·ߵĿҡһ죬ϰеγҴҴϴ裬طͷ˯˯ú
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ΪʲôҪأ
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Թ緹ҵɽ￴ˣ˰Сʱ󲮶ɽﵽ䣬ҲЦ˵ҵûصļ絽ߣȴԵķ˴ǰͲסļɫ
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ҵͷһֻ鷿ҲȰĴŪţҲ֮󲮡Ū˼ҺֻһһҲҪ
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ʵҲǸþ˪ŮˣԼУڵԵʣ˺ܶ࣬Ūһư͡ûоڲˡ
һҧˣһɰҺӿҺŪôǣĽҰұŪС߳ҲŪ¶ǰķ˿ǵĿųңҼΣÿϴ֣ǰҵ󣬶ңѾǴ׸ĸ⹩֡
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Цǰˣٺ١ߺɽ⽨´壬󲿷˶ȥˣֻЩ˻ⲻͨ粻ͨˮɽƬɽʱʱҲҪһ£ӾЪšЩ࣬öɨɨǾͿٺ١
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СŤȥʹӣҸеһСɾҺҵڣȻ޵ѸٵްѼЦŶԻ˵ǰˣ˰ѾҺ䵽ŮھͿŮ˻Сม
޾ϲ˵ղùùû𣿹ùҪСˣҡҡͷЦأ㻹СٳһͿŮ˻ˡ
ƶǶĵͷ˷ܵҲԸϲŮ𣿡û޵ĶͷЦڻร㳤һ㣬ҪϳвſԸŮ
޼ĵͷҿЦѣ֪Լ㲻˸Сӡ֮ҷ޲Ҫѽ˵ȥظ֤һҵӣȻͰԼȥˡ
ϣҵβһ˼Ūãһӳ⾹ȻȫˡĸҴкЩҶǵˣֻǵĸˣǿ󡢴׳ܡĸ˼ϱ綼ǵɹҵˣӡ󣬵ҲֻǼǵôºŶѣũһƺĶǴºš
һ¶ܸߣԲ˹˰СʱͿʼƵƵĶȰƣвҹݵƣǼҹҲмܲסһ˵Ľܿͺȵͷκˡ
оӿҷŶͷϣԱߵı縧ҵĺҡôˣ˳Ƶ˵ͷΣȥϢòã
ҵһòµӣ˵Ǿ仰ûκηӦˣҼû绹͵͵ַҵزϣűTһûֵӣһһ㷴ӦûУȷˣȻ˵һͰұ¥ȥ
ȷʵˣûеʧȥʶֵزҸе籧˶¥ұȻҷһŴϡҷŵϺȴûзſȻ§Ĳӣ߿ЦǺû~˼Һôƣǲ˼ҹȻH˼ѽ
类˵˼ͻȻó嶯һҵһֻҵز·ҵ鷿㶵ĿЩ˵С
һҲԸˣԭԵĵֿҪûˣĸŮ˲ϲ˳òأʱֻʹĴѾҴT谭סҵ鷿İĴҵĶҪ˳
Ҫ~.ϸľܾ嶯һѵҵ·ɽС̿Ҳһ˲Ҿͱ˸ɾ¶ϸļ翴۾ֱˣΨһĵ塣ȵáҶеЩסҵͷߵ˫֣Ŀת
ҽߵһ䣺ûУЩأ˵̫ˣҼȲ˰ô겻û뵽Сôˡ
˵һ͵ıסңҰԱߵĴϣѾͣҵ鷿Ůƽ鷿ˣҵ鷿ƽҲͦСɽ塣ſһҵͷһߺֹ̫ˣûôôӡ
纬סҵͷʹѰٱҧסȻⶺŪҧסͷҵͷ۸úܿӲӶøӼͦһЩͷ嶥ˡʱѴĵѣԵȻȴߵ
һֲֻڵĴϮҵ˽ָҵظԭѾʪ˵СѨӷˡҵ˫ȱܵļһ𣬵֧ӰȷֿŤìܵĸо֪ڱưͼʧȥеֻֿҪ
ҵ˫󣬽ҵĶꡢСȻҵʼϡɵëҵëŨܣǲԵúܳë׵ģ纬ҵëĿˮȻëһ𣬾Īɵķ͡űͷҵСѨԭյ챻ֿ˼ͷʪ֮еˣеѸٲȻ绹ҧһСˣұü˸С߳ҺСѨӿ˱һ
ұú٣硭Ҫ㻵ˡšɫҺˡɫǡ
˷ܵ˵ҵȻɫˣ˭ҵСôɫĻ޲硣ôɣ
ұĿΨдִŲֹܸϮβͣŤҡڣ˫ְűͷϲõĽ˭ģᡭˡҴ󼦰ͣҪݺݸң
˵߳ܵĻҾȻһС߳İҺӿȫ̰ԼٺһЦѵԼ·ͳѼӲŶҵɧѨͺһ˶ˣ
̡һųֱһ嵽ףͷһͻȻеЩҺŽҵڣڲ̫ң羹ȻʧˣҵѨţͷһһһžҺȴ侫
һЦ˫С̫ˣѨֻֽҲС©ˡ
ͻȻֱŲûȥȻƺûпʼôӲûɳֱ§űĲӹûϵңѾ©ˣȻ⼸ΣڣҲǿ~.
ĿҪǻզ죿
ҿһЦһڣɹҺüأȫҵӹˣ㻹Ȳͷô
һ˻ץסҰڴϣɧҸ㣡˵Ϳʼĳ﷢Ұްִźϧ֮ĴݲҵѨѾ˷Ҹ˵Ӷɹˣ֪ʲôӡ
žžžŵĻصڷһ̨׮HҵѨԭʪѨѾĲ־Һޱ󻬣Գסŷҵĳ͡ƴŤ֫ӭĳ壬ϢҲ׵ȼң粻ϵĺţӣ㣡HɧѨҪɧҪHˬˬӣɧ
һߴHѨһҡԭȾƾеͷұHģѱнһŽ˽еø磬ңҾɧǷHļBң㻹ûͷӻأݺHҰˬ׸硭ϹH˼ҺˬH˼˰
˻ҵ˽¥ںȾƻȭ˶ԭ¥³ֵĻȭ֪С˺ܶ࣬ǲû⣬ȫͶ뵽ϵĴսСڴϷƸʮӺ󣬱һƺߣҪˣ
ȼűץŴ˽еɣϹҾţҪӣҰҪȥˡ߳˰
һֱŷHѨıڰϸ߳Ҳһŭ𣬹ͷڻҺȫҵ߳ſϴŴ߳Ҳȫ޷ϢһһԲ´·󣬳ԸĨˡ
ڴĲ붯Ϣһᣬȴ˷ű򿪵ѭȥǿǹ׳ƤڣòªһͣȴʬһϷй
˺ò侫ڴϼ˹ȥߺ󲻾ã߽䣬ϴѾͦĴŲҺ뾫ҺһŢɧѨʱ۾˭֪Ҳ󲮸˵ģ赱ǸСùݱּʱΣǲǸҴʱ˿̵
֪˶ãƺȫ綼Ҹеһ̺ӸϣۿһޱȵĺӣǹܡӸղһ̺Ӹҳϡͷĵҳ𣿡
ҡҡͷҷܰҷҿڴϣĴҵ䵽ҵСϣ¶˵˫塣۾ֱˣɵĽǿ֧˸߸ߵʢģЩϲಲֻǴһĽǶ̿㡣ϸ¹ܣ߽ӽ190֣ҷǳ׳첲Ҵô֣ϳŷǳŨܵëؿ븹˺ëСҲȫǺëϻĺ磬ޱȡ
Ҹ˵ҿڿȵˮܡŶһ𼱻ǵˡҷִ߻ȼһ㣬Щë̺ȻǸմӹóµģǳ΢ЦֵĴ󺺻ͦϸĵġ
ܿ칷ܾͻˣݹһˮҵлӹˮ˸ɾѱӻʱ˳ʵǶˣʵʵĻش𣺡ǰȶˣϴʱˣµϡͿģǾͶˡ
ȻģģһHңһڸҵСѨһHҵĺ̼źŻ˳ȫ˵ϣȻǸֵˡŵﻹŵŻĴ̱ζƺʱĲһǹܻˡ
ڴߣʱʱ͵¶زЦЦĿЩŵһ⣬˵ʱͦģҶɨɾˣŴͨͨ磬˴µ̺Ӹ㣬ܱȽӲˣ˺ܶ࣬һ˰ɣҪҪ㶫ԣ
ҿûнĻʵϴ𣿡
һ㶣æҡͷܲ˼˵ҲţֻҼˣû㣬Щ˶ˡ
Źܺӣ֪ΪʲôͻȻͦɰġҸоϺ֮ܲǰĺ˵ľҺɿϣҸ˵Ҫϴ裬ҲֱĿԡҡ
ũԡҺܼªˮûУҽˮϴϴϵʱͻȻ뵽ƽʱڹȫǺëϣ֪Ϊ徹˸оҰԼȻַɧˡҶſ˫ȣһһɲ֪ٸ˻һճҺСһоֶ˰СʱòϴɾӣˮҲ˲١
߳ԡһص䣬ո¹ֽˣҳıʿˮ˵ɶҼһŴ㿴ҿɲԡ
ȻҺϲǿӲռңʱҲ˼ҵĸҲЩжҰһۣûû˵ûһֱû·ô
ϷæѵΨһһãһǳŵľ˳ȻϴñҸϴıļᣬ̾㰡
һ˫ȴĴָסҵ鷿EֱĴֲ̱ڵĴס鲻ԽͦͦлͻȻ񴭴Ұ˵һѹڴϣ250ѹҴְܺܿұ§ң鷿ѹԲһֱָҹ⻬ϸĺ󱳣һֱסԵķΡ
һۣɵһ˼䶼ѹˣ~˼Һѽᣬû˵꣬ҵӣͱһɻȸǣ̰ҽ۵࣬ʺ촽ҵĴһ˶ͷ̽˹⼸Ȼ˸ɣҲδǽǣЩũڵпڳζܽܵģܵںܽӲ̵Եʡͷ֯һ𣬿ʼе裬һͺĸһ𣬿óңϹûǵôŨŨζŵζԿóŨܵëƽʱζ϶رأҲܰɾϴ϶档
֪ΪʲôҾȻǳһҸУУ۾ͶĸʪеĹҲʼʵһֻҵ鷿һֻҲҵΣֲڵָ˳ĵη컬ƬʪȵСеزѨţԽԽ飬۾ǵҲܿҵšһűУĳߴ磬ĺܿţһֻּղסҲЩ£ĲýδҲ̫ˣһ˸ɹңǼһĻҲ˰ɣ⹷ܵļǹ
ļǷֿһӨ˿߻ű˴˵⣬ҽĵĿһֶۣžϰĽ̬չָܹȻֱĿҵȻٴܺ촽ٴ뿪ҵɧѨ˵ʪรҪ㡣һѣ࣬ʲôʱôҽģҪҳԵ~.ڴ֮ǰҿĴš
ҷӣ΢ĵƹľތšތŲͷĲָպҪֲֻץסѾ20ֳĢ״Ĺͷɺ쵽ϣ۴¶һξӨ͸ճҺɢŨŨԳζΡΡľތϲֲëֳŪһƬɭ֡Ŷ߹ԽصĴϢҲƲסе΢У£һղסľތţ
סиߣڷʴϣҲغ̫̫أܵЩ´ܴĵҾſڣȻһȫ˿Со񼦵һغ豻ҳԵһݻҧϲ֪ûҧ侫ܡĶҳԽȫΪ־˷ܣҸеľތִһȦ
³غ裬ͷ£㻬һһͷϣڹͷñһȦҲΪܵİƤú¼м䣬ҲϴĹϵͷñûһƤʱͷ۷ڳճҺʪͷԭɺ췢ϵĹͷȻҲӨ͸ҳ˹һۣӣϣŵסͷ̴ſĢĹͷҲҺ˿СǹܵĹͷҲ̫ˣסͷҵĿǻҾſڲҹӣͷѵڴͷϵζܵȳǲ̱ǣֻеζرضѣζǳЩҺζ۵Сߣ
Ť˻СҺˬˣ𣿡øӼҵشĹͷҿǻѹñΣСѸٵŪ޸һҵŨŨľҺӿҺǳҪ׼ƾҪǺˡ
~ö࡭~ҽץסһɹľҺҵĺѨһŪһҲԼСϸҺϣСסͷһ˿ҺľҺװҵĿǻҪǲСһ־ҺҶĿǻװôࡣ
ͷſеľҺѾҺĨڴ֮䣬ȻŹſ̴ڣӸµҿװľҺȻһЦѾҺȫȥò˵ܵľҺȺܳܶģҺϲ
۾ֱˣͻȻסңҵĴʺͷҵĿҿǻǻڣȻҵͷĽ֯һҲҺζҺܸˣҪ֪ϹͲԸҰڽ侫󻹸ҽǡһر飬Һ޲ȫڻڹܳëĻС
ʱǰű˴ˣҸеԭ侫ЩƣĴ𽥻ظ˻վԺ󣬹ȫܵһ̫ˣ̲סˣҪ㣡
˵깷ܹţ˫ҵСȻһַҵβ֧90أһֻסԼĹͷŢĦѰҶڣڹͷֿƬۻҪ룬ͻȻе֣æ˵ȵȣ󻵵̫~Լ𣿡
ͣ˶һַļһ̽Ǳ˴˵Ľϴ޳ȷֿ̧ԼΣɧѨڹͷĥһᣬѹ沿Ťӣһҧȥ
~̫ˣôôĶֻ𣿡СѨҪűءֻތţȥ˶Ĺͷֿҵ룬ڵִ˻ﴦʱ޸һ¶أ
ͻȻ˼ȥPUB˧磬һȥļͿ12ֲ޶磬ҵʱԹҵɿġʱ򱻹ܸɣִ󵽿ŵľތŴҵɧѨȻֱ˺ѵĸоҷŤ֫Һϵֽľތţվ£ѨŪތţɧѨӦߴ󣬲ʵĸоȥˬĢһĹͷعιʱҵСĸһ𱻹һٴδʱеĿ־㣡
̫ˣѨþûôѨˣ˫ָҵӣӸ߸ͦؿڣŤΰڳɧĵµƣùܷ
ء˼Ҳˣ̫ˡ˼ûˣɡҪรú˼ңĶ̫ˣȴκ˶Ҫأ̫˼һܲ˵ġ˫ֻסܵĲӣ
ѵȺʱҷڴƽţͳƿʼҵѨǳһĲ巨ղܣͷѨСȵĳ鶯Ϸ˼ҿ鲻ѵʱҵĻܽӴɲҳһͷ˳ȥĥҺȼǣҸ˽ţ~HҡҪ󼦰ͣţ
һތĴ̽ҵѨУëĿҵײһ𣬾Ȼȫ˽ҵСѨǱ̴һҪĹȷʵΪС˵дHӹأ
ȱ߸߾𣬹׳ѹҽСϣҪ֪ҵߴƽЬĻֻܵؿڣĲҾһǿСԼô̼
˻ɧѨ̫ˣʲôģסҵĹͷˣ̫ˡH̫Ҹˣҵ鷿ҵӶ˵̫СˣHҵѨ͹ҵˣֻֻë׵Ĵҵ壬ԽԽӼҪˣɸ״ָм
~󻵵~ôܻôĶ~˼ҪHˡҪ˰ͰҪŻˡͣHҡϹ~Ҹ߿˽ţ˦ͷŤˣʱҵһܳ
ܼĴ۳ңÿγײǳҶͷؽƺáұHȫεʱ򣬹˻𣺡٣Ҫˣܲˣ̫ˬˣ
ҷŤ֫ӭĳ壬гȫ˽е߳ˣ˼Ҹ߳˰~ϹȫҰɣһаɣţ̰
Ĺ̵ľҺҵĻϣŭһҵĹϣƺҪͻƹֱӹһʱ˽еʧ̼ĸ߳üιȥܾ޴ѹϣҽСûŨܵëҵ鷿꣬Ȼ֫ŴûѹңѹȸҵᵽɤۣҸĶ˵Ļ羪κ˰ĸ߳
ܰҷ˹˽λãһ̲һſϣ鷿ڱһ˳׳ʵӶ˵ֱԵһŴˡſУаָĻȦȦǱ˴˭û˵Ÿ߳ľסͻȻеЩͣǿɶľތžô׳ҵѨﲻϳ΢ŲŲӣһĴ汻˳ˡ࣡һ
Щ죬ŢѨЦʵƷѨղHʱоסһڻܰҵĵܵ³
ֵĴһȭԺ˯˹ȥ֪˶ãһֲֻҵ鷿ԺҴֵֻĴ֣һ䡰ˡݵİָо˫ȱ˷ֿСѨǳĸо˹ͷһǹܡſ£ʺͷҵŨܵĺҵޱȣ˹ʺͷҵѨŻҺ
ˣ˯ɣˡĵܲܲˣúҵϣ̼ҽָ˵İƤ˽ΣĶŪеϱ
㲻˵ҵһҪ÷ȡܷŹҵСѨϿ˵ҳһЦ§˵ԩң˼Ҹˡ
ܲ׮ƵĴȣĴϣ̡һ˱ſһֱ޷պϵɧѨڣľҺҵˮǻʪޱȣһκ˳ľͰסތšܻһЦҵΰ˳վȻ´̣䵽ϵʱތѨںݺݵһ̣ǵҽѡ㶥̫ˣ~˼СѨ϶㶥ˡҵĽУͦһҵķΣһסҵ߳˷䣬һһŤʴƨɣִľތѨڴ³Ľԭס˫ҲɿУĽڿĻζȫʣ಻ֻסĲӣʼ̨ףÿһǴִľތžײҵĻһΣְֺޡ
̨ũշǵ㣬ǹϣ췱ڹۿıݡԩң˼ҡüҡ~úˣˡϹ~Һð㰡~
Ҹ߿쳹ҹգܼ˶ҵ賿3أ㲻°ѽַѣҿ𣿡ҴʱʲôˣŤ壬˽еͣ~춯ݺHңϹҪôҶ֪ұH߳~ԣˬ
ҽСϱ£žžĴĽ˽֯һ쳹ҹգȵǿ͸ҶϢ̨˺üȦұHѨʽ˸߳һӿŹܵܶڵһˮա߳Ҹ߿˽дҹԱߵһס˵ȣһ򿪵һŮ˵ĸ˴ҹķɧò˯
ܹΪѾĹϵٳû侫Ѹ߳ҷЩ˼ɡſ˫ȼվסת̨ԵΧǽڣǻҵ˼ңƨɣŹŤŤϹң㻹ûأŵĲϹôС
ȻϲҽϹȲǹϣǹݲǡӦڲŶԣڴ˲ҵСѨУҵСѨѾȫӦ󵽿ŵľތˣùҵСӱҵĲ롣~ˡϹûɰ~H˼Һôţ˸Ȳ˰
HѨǰֿʼ໰ҿϹֹȻϹ̨ΧǽߣҵСҵ˦Ҳ֪˽ǹǷ񿴵ڱǰHȻùܸ˷ܣһȣĸڳ˸˵ƣ޴ѨڽӨ͸ҺִСѨųһԲΣСѨһһѾތסҿˣܵͺɣϹȫɣ˷ܵ˽е
ȴͣתֱĲӣȻһְһȸ߸߷΢΢Ŷ׼Ѩ²˽ȥЩԻ񣬹ܽ͵侫ʱҪ
ҶĴ˴˵ͷ֯һ𣬹վֱӣΨһ֧ӵĽҲ뿪˵棬˳ܵĳ忪ʼӵĻζҲȽֲڵϸ⻬գȻָҵ䲻⣬ϵָСɵָתĳָȻ⼸ճҿˮ쵽ҵβȻһָҵľջС
ҽһĵİһۣܻһЦֲһָָҾѨнһᣬǰоތźָļлҵ˸߳˽ţţϹ̫ˡˡ
ָܳȻ̽ҵԣһŵָɢҳζҺԥٰ⼸ողҾջָУŵָ¸ĿˮڴЩָҵľѨУβָ类˿εľѨнܻЦҺԼˣ͸һڣ̫ˣú棡
ҽĴͻ۸˼ҡ~Ҫˡ̫ˬ˰~оҪˣ
ĴӴ̼˽ҰԣܷŤƨɣִŲбĳײҵѨָҵľѨпڡ§סܵĲӣϸ߳ƶ˺󣬹Ҳӡ
߳վŵûˣڹܻ˫ĴϢš۾һڣұ§ҷŵϣҼûϴתҪߣʵȥİ
ܻش˵˺ູܶҪȥϴϴϵζȻֺصζ~ϲζҺҪ§˯ûޣϴ§ڻĸҵͷֱǻĸоȻ˯ȥ
ڶ糿Ҹоң˯ۿҽεӣҵᡱƿ𽥳ҽĵʵҪ𣿡˷ܵĵͷȻһЦҪҵȫ˶ˣҾˡ
ҲҵĶͷʼʺͷҵĶͷҵüëҵƤϻ⻹ϸİ۽ǵʺ֮ҵǣٵҰ۵գĿˮˮӴɢȳζ̰С֮ϸеĶ䣬ҶоڷգЩˡ֮Ĳӣãҵ֮ͣ´̣һˮһڲˮ֣ȻʼҵزʵزϸĿˮ󣬿ʼ̰ϵ٣Цƫѽ~طء
³ҵͷʼҵҸѣʵҺطҵд֮һ֪巴ӦʾҲϲطҵҸѴ˺ܾöҸ棬ҵɧѨҺˣ뿪ҸҵֱۡҵָϸڿУϡζ˺ܶహĿˮֱۺʺͷʼҵСⶺŪҿɰĶ꣬Գҷҵ񱳺ٴη˹ֿ˫ҵɧѨʱҵɧѨˮŢ޵ĶŪ¼ҽеͶôźݺHҡ֮СĲϸҵľջ޵ľջ޲ѣھջתָҵľѨͷ̽ҵֱֺ֮˿ˮҾӨСϣͷҽŰ׻вûסĽֺŽʣָ们ָо̫ˡ
Ľţúó԰̾Ұһۣ㵱ҵĽ㰡
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