283  ꣨3
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ֻǣЩµУ󲿷ֳ֣رǼΪ߳ǰĳǣǷеģ͵ġؼᵱУսһ㣬ټأǷȱĳֺǵͻΪҾŽĿЩڿзƷܹˤһͭĻѾǼһһЩҫ۵ġԺһʱҲΪһССɴӳ̳ǡ
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һûгеǰͰģβĴתڲ࣬΢΢бŲ໬ƯƶڳĦ֨֨͵Уû̫⵽ǲҧڳӳĩλһʽΪͨ󲿷ֵ˶עѹעǰ֮ϡ
ֻǣĸ׳ջԼϻϺ죿
ޱȵʮεֱͻνӶɡȫʥƵֿųϷ۵糸Ķʮλֵļ顢
ɵĳǰλַڶߵĺ˳˼ķ˳ְά˹Լͷ֮佻š͵ĳλÿһֱ漤ţǴһһ˾
©ַҹĵͰڵǰλĳַԼȻһĻ˳ָԽˣ֮µڶʮ׷βʮţȻԱһѶϵAֵĸߣBֵҲܻʮֵ٣˫֮ȺءڵĵʮλҲһλ֣ʧ֮εķֲϣԼǰĺ֮ľԽԽԶˡС˫ֽշ̣۾ȷʵںӣһߵʱ˵ô̼ɣ
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С΢ЦĲμĵıһЩ죬⣬֯Ĳʹ˾ɵӣһǵĿӣǮҪǲܵԶԶģҪɱˣμ´αȥɡ
С˵꣬Ц
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ڰά˹һΪɵȦʱ򣬳֮Ĳֳˡڳְά˹֮ıǺ˳˼ķԼͷ֣γĵһݶӡǰХ֮ڳй۾ȱ֮ϵ۾ǣǷΪڶݶӵͷߣڵλõȻһЦĺ죡
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ڸһ뵽ʱ򣬺ΥûϲȡƯƵļǲϵǰ˱ոԲͷȥϳǰҺ֡ǰŴĲƮƶ൱Ĺ淶ǣһβƵļںܶ˿ͶȡɡңͶȡɵЧȻǳԣӲĽԼͷֵڲ֮Ŀռ䡣
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ŮӾĽƴ֣ޱ


284  ꣨4
ҶСոչսͬվסǮ¡
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ŮӾĽƴ֣ޱ
ޱҶ˹ȥȣһ־ǹֹųָףһ۾Ȼһ־ǺСҶһŲһƣ΢΢ĺһͷʺõʹޱĹգȴͻȻеһľ磬ȴޱһɲԭĹֻУһŲɱ֡
ޱĽɲҶȥ̫ಿȥˡ΢üͷҶ㿴Ҳһģ׼ȷޱȵޱĽűһɽȥ
ޱֱͣһײҶ࣬µĽȴϥԾɺݺݵҶɲײȥƺϵҶӾ;ݡ
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ҶЦǵǱԻ˶ôݡ
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ҶҲޱʽŪľͣĶޱޱȣŲ֮Ҳ֮£ƶޱ׷ӰΣҶǱ
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Ҷ̾ҾǸٷ֮ٵˣֻǲܶŮʹɱ֡ѾôˣҪִԲСһȭķء
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Ҷ˵⻰ֻΪſں޵Ļ벻һ˵ޱĲϣһҶľ߳ҶĲͷܿһߣһͻȻϮ򾱲࣬ȴޱƤѥһʮֵļ⵶ľ
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һ߳ѥϵĺļкϻҶĸУƱػʸ
߻ٶȲܲˣͨ˵пֻһǱеĹӰҫ޷ӰܵͷˡҶȴͨˣһŻδ߳һ룬ޱ͸еűһִֻУһӾͰֻ˻ȥޱһڶҪȴͻȻһһֻȭͷǰصĻؿڡ
ֿȵȭޱǼⲻɾ亹ȻһҲûпҶγȭġֻҶޱС㣬ҲǿŮˣʵҺŮˣϧǣԲŲŮ˶֣㲻Ҫҡ
ޱŭһһҶͣǼǰȭͷȭͷȴͻȻʧˣ˸աޱ̵ҶʺһֻȴͻȻСϣֻ첲ѹǰֻ첲ˣȻǰһֻȭͷֳıǼǰ
ޱʱ˿ٵȭͷ֮£һֻ̧меĽžҶСȥϽŲһҶĽѾֻŵֹϣȻᣬȴĽ߲ˣȻǰһȴҶһֻͣıǼǰ
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˶ȵĶĿɿڴǼձˣûҶζͷȭͷͽͣޱıǼǰɶһۣס֮ɫޱһ죬˵ˡ
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Ҷ˵ջ˽ţޱݺݵĵһۣ֪ѾĶ֣ȥ
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ڣȴ̫࣬ƴϱǳǣ֣컧شɢλֱ˵̨¡ֵĹ̨һŵعƵĹ̶տܣ̿յѾвٿ˵ʳͷ󺹵ϰŰˢæòֺǳţϰһЦ
Ҷ㣬ձһտ꣬Ϊϰһֱ̿õ硣տȷʵζǿ㣬볢һ
ޱĸҶţͦԼͦظҶһֱɽ˼Ū顣
ĿںҳţȻǿ㡢šǣޱЦݿֵտ
ޱС㣬벻ǰˡ
ޱǳЦ˵ĸǰˡҵĸйˡ
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ϰƨƨߵƿƣէһ¶ˮƵģɫ̡
ޱС㣬ʲôƣ
÷ưƾƣǰǻ÷𣿡
ԭҶͷγƿһСһڡ
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ޱһڴԼҶ㲻˼ȾӻҪɵ߰ءֻ΢Ц
ѩ׵ϺȴǲҪģĽĩٲʱƷ÷ƣȺеӵտһЩȶ˵ĿٴغŹֵĸ裬ҶζһֲһĻޱһЦӷ̨أ˵㺹죬ȴеˡ


285 ꣨5
ޱһڴԼҶ㲻˼ȾӻҪɵ߰ءֻ΢Ц
ѩ׵ϺȴǲҪģĽĩٲʱƷ÷ƣȺеӵտһЩȶ˵ĿٴغŹֵĸ裬ҶζһֲһĻޱһЦӷ̨أ˵㺹죬ȴеˡ
Ҷ㣬Ҹ㿾һ𣿡
Ŷõġ
ҶƫͷںԣޱϰĹֱ̨ȡһݽһˢֵ˺ܶʳϡ
÷տԼտҲһΪصĵطޱԲԲ۾رڣһ߿һϸһˢϽϡ

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ĵϡûмһֻ֣ҪԸ⣬ôû˹㡣ҲϼһطúõŮԸѶߡĿóչʾжͬǻϿԳ֮Ϊ衱Ҷģ붼蹦׵ˣĲУȥͻᱻ硣ЭҪãȱָƣⶼҪǿȻһҪ㲻һתΣ
ʱһ󻩣ܶ˶ΧȥͬʱʼŹƴڡҶޱվȦ⣬˷еҲ˸šһźɫϥˣһֻǿףڵ˹ȫԼת˶ʮȦͻȻһ䣬ֳŵأ˫ȷֿƽУȵػζţͻȻһֻ֣ȻͬƵʺͷȣ˻εһֻƽľ
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ޱ֣ʾҪ˵Ҷǰһͭͭϰ壬ˣңΪɺɽׯ𣿡
ͭҲ֪ҶݣȻӢ۵ɫȫȻ뵽Ҹһ𡣡
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߰һŭȥҶһޱͻȻһת߳ͬʱֵסһֻȭͷһһӿ˰ؽѡһ棬һ˱߷һһͷѩҺͭɫһ䣬һҴҵˣ
ͭ˫ӥȫϢȣɢһһżһ㣬һһǡɽơֱȡҶš
Ҷһ࣬Ϊᣬת˰Ȧֱͭ
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ҶĶһȳɵġǲӹ˫ȭԽͷΪ
֣ͭȴûҶ㣬ҪʤԽУȻܲãһŻƵͻȻ˫ֳצҶؿڡݺ˫צ


286  
Ҷһͭһʮͣȴ֪ǰ˼ȭİ˴֮һִ˵ĻҲˣΪСԹŰ˼žϹ棬ͷʹ˴СһӣᴫСɼʽɱж
죬̫ľ衣ҶһҶƮƮĲͭץҶؿڣȴеĸץסͬʱҶȴػһɳ׿⡣ͭԴתԶû巴Ӧ죬δԭһһڵƵ˳ȥֱҶ㡣
ҶͻȻ׮վȣ³˸׼֣ǻ˿޵΢Ц

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߼Ԧаųȫһ-47սڿţսչҵX-29TնԵصѾ˹ı⣬ԲʮĿأֻҪص̹һ¶棬ϱڻҡǵöص̹˳֣֮ʣӵϢԭص̹з˳ڡ
룺˻Ľƻʹ˿дڳﲻ
沿ӣȫеķ̹˲ӣϧһдۣը̹ˡ
Сӽʱܵ沿ӷҪʻ˵ã̹ͻҷˣˣȻ岻оܼء̹ϵڻ𲻶ϵط͹ۿҩҪˣС赱ϣƾҵĸоǰǻȻҼӴȥ;Ƿ̹ˣЭ
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ӶǷؽкţػǹһ뿪ܣʮ֧Ƽ׵Ĳǹ׼̹ˡ
Сϵش̹˵ĺţعһ̹˱üöƼ׵УʱһѣСͬûȥû˶һöףǰĹӶը߻أȻһɨ䣬ǰǻ
˹Ļһоżܷɻ߿ܣʣµļܶǼ̭ȻȲѾɵ-30Ȳߵ-47£Ѿ˲Щˣ˸һܷɻĹӶûиզ£ͱС䣬һһС
Сʻһ-27գͬҲȺʻ-27ʻܵ
߷Сͼ֮ĵһͷǷնԵص˹ΪƽأϾԼ׿ྭӪĻˣʵ̫ϧˣңһ꼰Լ˵תһ룬ʻĲǼ̭ķɻ⼸-27ܣ߶գһнҾͲǻսʤҵĿа
СպСɻϵͨѶװãΪ˹ķɻͨѶװһͨԼҲ
10ţзļ-30һ-47ʵѾѹȹ
3ţõطԺҶԻ
С裬ɻٶߣһͱȼ޶3500ǵȼͲ࣬ҪսڴҳҮ·䷽ȫǰ
˵䣬Ѿ
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ãҵβе
3عЩ֣̿С迴-30ҧס3ŲţǻǹſȵĻ棬3عķɻβѾС輱æͷ׼ʱ׼طһöնԿյһ-30С߳Уʱڿбը3عС֧ԮʱʿǣΣһѶȵĸ֮󣬶׼һ-30öնԿյǼ-30㿪һöȴһöи
-30ըͬʱһը߻4عݣ-30濿£߶׼С跢öɵӢﺰMˣɫˣڣɡ
СӦսܿߵķɵҲӢ˵ҲMˣɫˣ910عߣ˹ľܵڶɳáڽЮɳأ硣ûϣɱҰɡ
߳ŭڽй¶ˣɱֶС跢öɵСҲؾö˫ƾ߳ļʻͳǰʶܿ˶ԷĹ3عԼķɻѾˣòһӣܷɻͻᱬըƴˡ
ӴֱȥߺСУһ-27Լ˹ΪԼɵķɻ-30ܱԼķɻһǵߵģԼ߶ɵͬʱװصһ30TLII301ڶ׼-27ļʻɨ䣬ֽ֮£ûκһսԺ-47ԿģҪ뿿ϼѡ
3عȴƾԼߵļʻֱǰĴηһӽһǧ֮ڡ
һӵ䴩ɻļʻöӵظϴбܵ£ȴ޷赲-47 ǹӵ3ع֪ԼвеڣһĿģ͹ԼĵлͬھǼ-47ײȥͼײͬھ
߼ֲҪҲһæȫٶ3ع׷ᣬ-27ܺ-47źü3عܼ߳ȴҲղĿģһ֮󣬳һöɵ-27Уڿбը
3 عȻˣȴΪСӮʱ䣬ȫǰһ߳ͿշУһעűĶҲ֪߼Ԧ-47-22ܸԽԼûа취սʤҪľȫˣȥ֮󣬺úоһŴŵܣȻɳ̸׷ɱԼ׵֡
ʮӺС˹̹ڣ߽׷һսСսҲУѾûսͿֲɡʹɡܹÿҲ㲻˻ǹɨ䣬ȽΨһ·
СѡȽ
Ϊûнֻܵʱѡ˰˹̹ڵһ·ս׷ʹ򣬿֪ȽѶʮִС֪Լһߣ侲ɹرܿߺ-30Ĺ֮󣬷ɻ乫·ϣǰеһξΪΣգСѾ׼ǲŹԼĻġ
ɻٶȿʼС򿪼ʻգѸȥӹ·ϵļ
ͬʱǼܷɻ߷ĿնԵصУ̼仯ΪУҲСߣԥǹСıӰһɨ䣬СؽԾǰһ
̫ˣһֿ⣬С費޳˵һԽҰӢﺰЩ
˵꣬ͼݳ뿪ֿ⣬ϸٹ·ֻɽꡣС֪ߵ-47ȼޣķ޶6500׷ԼѾ3000ˣ߱ŷɻȥȼͣ-30޶ֻ4000๫нӽ3000Ѿǵ޶ȣҲųɻٵ-47ҲҪɱԼ
СʮֽԽҰֻ˳Сһ·򱱡
ȻȼѾ˼ޣûߵԱҲԵͷ߸ĸɵС衣
ǷɵըǸֿ⣬ŵ׷Ӵƶ˵ĿҪ׼Ҫ˺ƽ񡣡
ܷɻƷſ˳СӴܵ·ߣͿշУʱܹ׷׷֮󣬾һɨ䣬ǣ910ӵع׸ǻУСؼʻתʱ٣ʱˣΪشľïܣԽïʢ֣ܷɻûа취
ͻȻǰг顣ԭҶռ̨Ү·Ŀվ˾ȡϵ˾Ϊ֪̫ƽ󽢶˾Ů˵Ҳ֪Ϊ鱨ֹԾվ֧Ԯ
CF-18սͻȻǰMԱûͲ˵սţѾҾգϳ룬ϳ롣


291  ȼյ£5
CF-18սͻȻǰMԱûͲ˵սţѾҾգϳ룬ϳ롣
룿õߣ˵һöɵɹȥмһCF-18ʱըCF-18쳣һ߷ɢͣлսһ½ָķ鱨
ҶͰ˹̹פ˾飬Ҷֵ壬˵˾ɿвǰ˹֧ԮС裬ǣ˾˵ΥʹԼûйš󣬴ӦҶ㣬ɳһ֧вǰ˹̹Ͱ;нӦһ¡
ڽӵɻȺԼɻ𣬲һһCF-18Ϣ˾ŭʣµ߼CF-18ȫ߶Է7CF-18Ӧս3ܵл˾ûаգԼĿվʵƵĹˡ
ǵCF-18սǻ㲻CF-18սִеͨս񣬽·Ŀ껹Ǵ´࣬ԿԳսаϯĽ47ǹȷ棬Եμ穣
ЩεսըԽ47սԴѵĶͷ糬BOOSοݶӵĶӳڿųһεսУɿսУҵŻѾ˻䡣ӥߺ油ĺŵλãɵҵ
ӳеȫߵлսΣ
ҵĿսһʼⳡսζʧܡ
ҿΧɵ
û˻شǵƵ֧սӹƵһƬһļžݶӶӳԼͷпеãѵ£ҵͨѶװȻˣ
͸֣ݶӶӳѻһƬңȻԻΪģǿһΣɢɢٳַҳһŵѻȻѾ̫亹ݶӶӳȻһȫǲĶٲ˻شͨѶװãһĲƣлأҾ鷳л-47֧Ԯ
ߵ-47սûгһɢɳCF-18սȺǱ˳Σ߼CF-18սųһֲڵΣѡ߳ٶȣҪǵܼ޺սܱݣǱȻҪսԵŵ㡣
䣡
ʮ翸ʽ̷ɵݺ߼CF-18սǰ-47ʮöɵڿһߵķɵսʻԱŵŴͣ龫ʵԥռ
ડ
˫װƽػǹеŭ-30սҲʼį
䣡
ıըӳٿظˣٸƶ˲ŷһƬţأƽյĲӦԼ߰ʱɹһܷɻȻԼǿɨ䡣ȻǵлݶӶӳһ-47ܣʵ̫Խˡ
սһŻ棬ݶӶӳһҺţҲģҪˡ
ץŰװ˸߾׼ظƽػǹ׼޵ֿĵлһߴӵйȥһ߷ЦУȥɡըһ
Ϣ˾ָңסˣʲôлȻ-47ôܣ-47E޽еսȫEܣκһңûзƵļǵE͵Ϯǣ
Ϣһ֤ʵԷһ-47-30
Ҷ˵٣ɳĲӣš·ݣǸոͨĳEһ-47CF-18Ƕ֣ɱ֧Ԯ
˾绰ڷ˼CF-18׶༪ˣصĺͨMϸοսʧ
߲ץػǹȫɨ䣬ܵսƽػ򱬣սʽɵ䣬ֱҲһܵսſƮļɡ¶һ˿΢Ц
ֶַҲûлŷ֣ԼѾ͵ͬھˡ
ͱȼѾˣҲ˵ѾٷɻػأҪط䡣
Ȼ߲ˣԷһѡ
ߵת-47ӥһֱMפ˹̹»ء
ǹ¶ĸĸɫж԰˹̹ĿϮӹ¶ԺߣСͶMɫо˳ޣҪ
ؾھû쳹״ĻͻȻָӽ㣬ĺˮָÿһ˵ͷݺݻ䡣Ҷ˾˵ãл͵Ϯˣɳ𣿡
״ԱУöѲ˷ɵʮҪǻ
˾еװãǽзɵأ
Ҷ㣬ƺ׳յľҲվ˾ܷɵһǧ׵ĸ߿գܴﵽ٣Ϸٶ졣ѶȸߴSSĲĪ˹Ѳɵʲô취ǵķϵͳʮĿ겢ҽз䣿
ʱ״ԱַеһܷɻڴϷǿ£غÿ죬ǵCF-18սӵٶȣ
˾̾һɳĽ47ս鱨ʧ󣬿ɳȥķɻȫߡһսıŵŵĻеˣöĪ˹Ѳɵ30󾹻ᵽǻ
öĪ˹Ѳɵ£ҲֻЯһǧﵯͷֻܶԻɾֲƻ47սҲ£ӵǿĹ㹻ȣǼ߻ǺըµǣöĪ˹ѲɵǾװǺ˵νǺ˵һָĽ͵ĺܲ˵ɱûкȾัá
Ҷɫ£룬ɳΪʲôʹMˣ
д޴ĺöĪ˹Ѳɵһ𲢼羭پʮó̺õнǵһͬΧԲʮﶼըϡá
һʱɫȺħ裡˶ڷУ˶ûͷӬһͷܡ
ҳһţȫˡ
˾ǹ˻ߵĿͶʵԵ˺ǽġǼܽ47ս̼ǻص״ڻʹõзһսսըкըֱûκһɡβǹǣ
е˶Լ˾پǹݶ˼ǹŸʲôĻжֻٹſһ˿ϣ
˾Ļָָиð̣Ż𣬲ʱеССĵ𻨴ܹ豸ƵĿ޽е۾ƾЩǻ֧ʲôƾ״ǻʲôɻܳ嵽кͶսһսɳţݰǵػѾõ״ˣ


292  ȼյ£6
˾ĴԼֱۣһƬǽսָң͸ָҵĲĿصĸ߼˷ȫ̱һЩ̱ŹЩҲֻҡͷ̾Ϣܶģϵػǹ
ȥԿ-47սķ
ǳץǹԶǹȥƴֿ֮⣬ǻЩʲôһźҲ޷
˾ĬȻһҰǰĿƣȫӭУ
߼ԦŽ-47սMϿմҡڵֱ߻GS30ͻͬʱŭڲt̨ϵػǹĿɿڴսڵɨһŵÿһʮٶԼȽŴͣûзһҽУڵڵһѼ׳նt̨ն롣
ѪĻӳУ-47սХŴϿջһƽҴMˣ޲סпȴƫƫ׳۵һĻ
սˬˣĻԺȣ
Ҷ-47˽ģԼϧһдۣEʣµ-47ս
MȻҡͷһ𶯣ЩԴҴֻԼøųЩԶǹǹͽ͵ĵֿչֳɹƷʵʿ뷢һСõڵϡɽ纣ХĿХУһŨ̼һٶףвͬһʱ䣬޷ֿǿҵ˳ײըѳƬȵϢԺ˱ըΪģܷ״ɢ뱬ը̫ľˣֻȫͻȻǧպĸһ룬ûüκηӦϵľװͿʼڻ¶ߵƤͶʱջһ㣬ѸϻɿݱƱڽ47սϾǴӵгĬʮʱ䡣˼ޣʲô߹Լʲôʲô֮Աƣȫĳ۾ȫǳ޵Ļ棬ҪM˼סʱ̣M˼ס˼԰³
һĴ֮ߵȼͼľƫʱ˷ַܵˣԭMվܲӵMפҮ·˾ı˹ִ̹ڵķɻǰԮ
һִڵf-22սķԱպ·˵أһ˵﷢սԷȻ-47ԾԾԣ֪f-22ִ¿аNO.1ϲEԷɵĽ-47 F-22-47ʲôĺǹ˶ڴġ
Ա˷֮£ϴ״飬ſС
˫150˫Ƕս˫˭û˭150˫50˫˶ԷҲ˶֣̫ˣȻMf-22öR-77ǼF-22Ҳ߷öAIM120ߵ-47ƾõĻԺȽĵӸ豸ȥAIM120ĹF-22ڻԲȼƾȽĵ豸һöR-77һöR-77գԱ
ߵȼѾҪľȽĶѾˣûץ˹ϵعǺݺݵشMҮ·ľ»أ޺뵽սĸĸߵϹ΢Ц
СҶʤʦҶ㿴Сϣ˵˵С裬ɳӰЩϣǾͿǺ
Сĵ˵лң
Ҷ㿴ŵ۵ı㣬һС裬ҵĺӡһӦеĽ͵ġ
Ҷ㿴Žο˵С裬̲סŮɱǴ󣬰СӦĽ㣬հ龭ȴһȾ崼ɰСŮһ·һŽ覵İֽȴҶȥͼ뵽ЩҶҲסԳ
ҶһС裬ʱ˿ؽӴҶɢԺɶɺŨҵӺϢɵúüҲġ񡱵˵ĸоֻúǹϤ˵ζѬ
ء
ʱһãС赽ѣͱҶסܲɵÿʼ
СһµĽͦҶĥţḻҶһַǳϤоȻСĸоҶǿңŮҴδ˴ȫѹҶǰĦоȫ˵ʱֱҶϡ˵ղҶĻĻ˿̵ΪĸоڲԾĦˡ
ҶоСԽԽҵĶɵõͷȥֻͨ죬һɫŮĻһһգôôҶ㲻֪ӦôȥҶ㻹֪ġ
ҶſŮ̴ڵ֣¶ĺ촽һ̲סͷסҶֻô˿ҪӵҪƷ
СֻôͻȻһƬհף㵡ɬϲһӿͷδйͷĿѣڴϤĳٴϮʱʧȥ˼Ҳʧȥ֧ȻҶĶ£رҶ㹥ƣͷҲҶ
ҶһСС죬ֻڷĸоҶղܣʶĶͷķߣڣĶС
Ҷִ˲ƣ˱СĽҺͬʱԼĽûþӼ٣޷ƵҶĻŤĥҶʢԽԽˡ
˺һСŷӦǴʱҶͷѾɵؽţͷһȸղŸӼҡ粨һϳ񾭣ܵǰδеĿУ׹һƬޱߵСʶЩʧֻһֱš
ĸŮСҶУ˷Ť壬･һҪйȴ֪ΪʲôֻػӦҶǣɬСҲʼƶţҶͷϷ׷
ҶɿһֻС֣Ƶǰ˫塣
ҶƴСǰʱ紥һ㣬Խһϡ̡һȫ̱Ҷ㻳Ůҵ૵˵Ҫˣ𡭡Եġ
С죬˵Ҷֹͣ˵ڹҶ
ʵСϲҶţŮҵɬ˵ĻҶӺδǸɧ֮ķľѾ²ȻǶǲģԸҶҲϲ
Ҷḻľ飬Ҷ֪Сʱ˵ľܾʶģֻǰưͶѣһں䱾ʼǵ˼Ҳûˡ
Сĺ䷢һĵͺͻȻӲһĵѸٵشȫһӲŻָʼŤ䲻ϵطءĵͺ
Ȼ·ָв˺ܶ࣬С崫оȻҶ˷ܲѣƨɵŤŸҶĪĴ̼ҶĿȻԵķӦ˯ѸٵشӺ˯״̬ѹϲطӣۣȻܣ̧ͷſӸ۶Сƽ̹СϣȲҪȥ̽ӶԷʥ
СͻȻоСиӲĶţеܲһֵֻҪӲĶȴôҲһץһͻȻǸӲĶǴҶģҴִޱȣɵƿҶ죬ôô
СȻ˹æƿҶ㣬ֵضҶľ޴г˾Ⱥͺ棬ղҶĹҶħצأڹؼʱ̣ѹ˼Ȼܽô󵨵ľٶ
Ҷٴν촽С۵ĺ촽Ŵ죬ҪС˫һ㣬̰Ľ
СܾҲܾˣβĿҪһ㣬ԴͻȻеһհסҶĽļɣС費֪ѱѹȳȫ˳ӵ״̬Ҷ˶ͷǻмҵĽס࿪ʼ˱ȥǻᱻϵ޵ԨģСܾĲ
ܳܳʪǡҶ㽫ԼҺͽССţͷڷ־֮ͬʱ޴ӡֵ߳ܵرֿ۾գĽë΢΢С΢ӣСڣһСɵࡣҶԼ⣬⣬һԲС۽üԾشӺֻеĸĸоѣǸĸоһ㣬ɢͷԼǻλҲȺġСѾվסҶ˳ؽڴϡ
Сһ㣬ҶָϸĽӴڷĲ档

С轿ôأСĺУ΢΢طСƴѹ֣Ǽٵĺ޷ءıһֱ涼Ū֮ᣬҶͷһһؾȻ˽ǺС֦һһһĶҲȷʹСǻеԸдһһָоûмļ󡣿ǻȫҲѵȼ֮𣬺ȫԸдеͷƵġ
Ҷ⿪СŦۣ£¶ѩ׽ķۼ磬һֻѩ׵£СʵҶ㲻СУҶḧѩ׽ϸϣֻѩӨ͸۵Ửۣ˿ỬƳҶסǽͦ飬ɬ壬ͦʵĴŮԼ˫¼ţҶ㼱⿪ǰɫŮ̶һ˫ѩ׾ӨŭʱӯʥĽ˽ͦỬҶŮ˵еļƷ
Ҷḧţֻ嶥޺۵Ļ٣캬סۿɰӣң˱ҧС޵ߺ𣬽ֻĩȴԵϮ̱Ƿһ̴ٶɬ̾Ϣƺܲǳˮܽذ̺ɰӣа¸ܵҶᵽŮǰѹתĿ꣬ĺɫۣɫ͸ˮ˿ŵ޳ȵֽ֮·ݣСϽʣڿ棬ţ˳ޱȵ΢¡ķѹวҲСɰСвϵĻȽߵָ̣Ϯǽ۵񹵡
ҶֿʼСĺɫۺɫ͸ˮ˿࣬ԥ˫ְС˿ڿȥҶֿ˫ȣҶָסỬϵѿѾ͵ӲһСҶָɵĥմҺļСѿ
ʱ˿̣Сŵϼʵ̧ۣˮĹǵĹС£΢΢⶯ţƬ촽͸֦ʹȥҧһڣС΢ţŽ׵Сƺߵ񱴣öԲľССˮ̶˵ﲨ֬۷˿˿ƵطɽҶıǿףŪҶǽŶɿʵҶǿҵ
ŮеĵطҶදţСȫ鴤ţһɻӿյķۺɫĹȣҶָһĹĹȣỬСꡣţҪ
С轿ӣߵ
ʼǰϷҶļɻǺָܸÿһƬϸŪ顣մϻ۵ָĹ塣СȫʪĻﲻͣĳ鴤ĻȸҶָڸͬʱôķָš֧ȷ壬ֺǶջ˵ߣҶָǳѪͦ١

ͷʱС΢΢ŤڣµǸݣȫֵˡСӱзеĺ
ҶָΪģָ֧һȥοСѨš
Сĺ촽ͷһռݣں٣ʹƴ뽫ÿ巢ܴŤڳΪԸдҶＤԵʡҶ뿪СȱһڴڵشϢţ֮ͦҶ쵽ϣСɽͦԲӡǷһأӣֵĵ粨λϥǴѾʧȥСҪ̱ƵأɵץסҶļ硣ǱƵģҶزƵ࣬ȻƵŮȻٴȥ
ҶָСѩ¸һֱȼĵײ²ָŪǸ͹ĲݣǺڸţĴָеĲλѾһɢȫǱĹ⣬ҲѾŪʪġ
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˲ʧȥԽͦĴ࣬ѾֲˣټĻҲࡣءҪ
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С轿κ졢ֵİưУҶ㽫ѵƬ޴桢һ˿ңҲѸѵԼϵͦž޴ǹվڴǰ
ҶץסСһֻۻСǹϰȥǿɰѩСָᴥҶȻˡߡһ㣬߻ҵһҶץס°ϡһƬ̡ӲСһĻңһסǲ͵ǹһֻɰСỺءӵĨҶ㽥˫㽿ĿɰСʶòŪѪţһ§סϸ޹ǡһ˿ҵ§һֵ࣬ͷҵɫŮСʺС죬ϵݣȻס㻬ۡСɿɰһ˱Ҷһ·»סһ󡢽Сɰ̺ӣңһ˱ߣұߣȻһ·»ֱǽСȵĴȸСҶаöŪСĽҶа˱һ˫޳ѩȷ˿ߴԽԽϣҶǵøһ㡣ҶһֱС˱ýϸ룬κ𣬱ѩҲʼѿʼʪˣҶ̧ͷסڵСǽϸ㴽һʪǡС趡㰵£ۻҵҶơݱػӦšͬʱоһȹ̵ӲǹضСϡ
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Ҷ㰴סС裬Сҵس鶯ţҶѹµŮ̫ƯˣҶһͷʦпȵĴǹһӲģֱͦͦģÿһγ嶼ȫˣÿһβ붼ֱСӹǹСĹг鶯ʱҶظܵĹȲ͵ǹİΧ妶ʹ̼رǵǹĹȿʱͷͺ۵Сǹ
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ѩȴǿЦ˵ȳԷɣˣȥҲаûбҪھȥɣҽԺҲҪϢģҽԺ׳ȷһ˵ɣ
Ҷ˷ܵһѱסѩݺݵ˵лл㣡
ѩˣȷʵһܵĺϢΪȷϻеʵԣҶѩһȥҽԺȻ鱨浽ҶʱҶ㼤ĿĻˣѩĻˣҶֱ˷ܵҪˣһĺϢҶͬһֻˣĺһҽԺ˷ܵϴȻ˼˿Լ
ѩʱҶ˷ܵıѩҽԺ¥תѩ˷ܵļУŸոջУҶҪ׼ˣ
ҽԺҶѩȥ̳СĶһ£ŸɸոջУ˵̥ʮµģӦûа˾ŸأǲеأҶҲô࣬һЩĶеǮ
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еʱ붯ﲻͬﷱֳôѼܺⷽûԵġԡһ365죬⣬ɽԻпܻС
ĽǶѡʵĳڣ¶ȱ仯еȲؽ͵޶ȣԱ֤޶ȵط̥أȴʮֿܵġϸؽҶԱϱϴǲܼ򵥵ĳֵĿڴҶ󲿷ֵǣ˾·֮仳бȽ롣Ϊʲôأ
ҽѧǶȿ̥ؼʱڣһǴγڣе3£ϸڣе6ԺǾϸЭڣе7-9¡ѡ˾·֮УĵԼڶˡӪڵٴڣ̥ϵƿԵõõķʾÿ7-12Ϊ߷弾ڣ4-6ΪǻڵѡйϵܴƹӰ죬˰Ԫڡڽ飬ϻпڴʱֵէůĩ֮ʱ±仯ǲԼĶ෢ڣڣرڣȾ׵̥Ρĸ硢ڻ˷̥̥꣬ͨ̽ڲֳۡԡϵƵ𺦣ҽѧϳΪԷۺԸðɵ̥ԡԻˮϵƻκͲ䣬ԼѺಡȣизգ
ҽѧרΪеѼǰǰԼѮѮµʱ䣬еġҶǾ忴һڻеĺôЩ
ں40-60췢ﷴӦʱôھ»ʮ£иθڲʳʱ߲ˡϹƷַ࣬Եʳ̥Ӫºֵˬиʳ̥ʮʱճ㣬иɹɹ̫ܲάDٽơգ̥ĹǺҰ˾·ֵ֮ȥиҹ˯ȵӰСиϢӪ͸άص붼Ƚϳ֣̥ԵķͳչѩĶէůĳЯԸðꡢԵȲդդʱ̥̥ѳ3£ƽضȹ»ڡңӦԤΪ5ǰڷ֮ʱǴĩĳˣĸײ顢Ӥԡ߲ˡ㡢ȸʳƷӦҲʮַḻʳã֭ӪҲḻӦǡӡѼڡ֤ĸͬʱӤװ٣֫ɻڴԼȫķںºʱģ̴£㣬ڽչԡͿԡӰǰôڽʮ£Ӹʳʱ˳رܹļС׵ȳмڡ˺ѧϰ·ʼ̵꣬Ǵ֮ºͣʳƷ㣬Ϊӵ׽ĸң֮θӦҲڳɹ
Ҫעܿ·ݻУΪʪȣʳʢټﷴӦʹӪ벻㣬Ӱ̥ķͬʱҲҪܿʮ»Уʢķڲ캹Ͷ࣬ʢĿ䣬ȡʪ׷ͷΡơߣ߸աԣʱҲƤȾкȼĶ෢ڣñʢķڵȻǾҹвͱ󲿷ֵԿҶܴӦǣӲס²ԱȲǿҵϷһЩɸݵвӪӦѡ˵ļڻпڱ籱ѡ˾·ݣϷѡҡ
У򶬼߲˺ˮȱʹ΢Ԫغά٣Ӱ̥ڶңʮֺ䣬ȾĻȽ϶ࡣ֪гڵ8Ϊ̥ڣи类ȾֱӰ̥õ̥»õοڴ⣬Խ٣Ŵգڿʣ¯ȡůж̼ϸߣʹи̥õȱݶˣӦñںС
һ·Żľ죬ֵʱҲ˷䡣ڲ飬ӤԡʱûкܺõĲůðԺӦҲϲϺȾ׵ȼҲ֮Բ·ݻпڻ˵Ըһ͸Ըʱ򣬡ԻĲСڻеʱһƻڽУôһʱ仳о˳Ȼ˿ǰڻоԺ跨ڻУʵ뷨Ҳ档һ˺ӹĤҲһ𺦣ˣԺǷһٻǸʺţǲһڻиҪһʺšˣȰЩѾе˾ͲҪΪûѼڻжûڣϾѾǧӦ̣һļܻ߲˵ȣںöطһļйӦ̥ӪӦڻصңҶѸٵһڿʼѩϵݽ볤ٵı棬ȻؼңʼڼﰲĵĸҶͺˣ
ѩҶľЦѣڻûǾأһֱڼһ˼ҲûС
ҶҲã˵ѩҵһֱǿʢŮ˵ЩпˡѩԼʹܿһͬȥޣҶ´ѧͬʱֵҶ⹫ڰĲƲ˼ʹϵȡڰ޽ǿĹӶš
ѩҶ񻰣ҶŮҶûɾܾҪ󣬰ѩ˼Ҷ㻹ҪѧͶѧҶĲ¼ɣ˳˲żüõĴѧѡһЩӣΪԼĽᲦ˲š
ѩҶһΪѧУϾҪѧˡѩҪڱ죬ݽ롣ѩҶֵʱһøߴ£һ֣Ҷ㸧ѩ΢΢¡ĶƤҲ֪кŮ
ѩЦ˵ǸкɣĸһΪӢۣԵǧŮӡҵĽ
ҶȴаЦ˵ңϣǸŮһ


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ҶϵվʱҪˣȺѾƱӿȥ
еȣҶԼܹһϻ𳵣ҵĿϢˡͻȻŵһɵζζԭϢҶͻȻһ£űѰԴʱҶŷ֣ԭζȻ弸Լ峤һǰߵǸŮɢģԼȺԸոŵ
һֶʱҶоÿ࣬͵ЦŰԼǰ˼֣ԭѾļһ壬ʱҶ֮£ĸˣҶѾܸоԼĳЩطΪ֪Լģһ˸о
ŮƨɺҶȻȴŮƨɾжʣżƱڵĻζһһģò̼
÷ʺԲоˬˣ
ҶͻȻӵܹӵӵЩĻԼĻ͸ˣҪ÷ҲûɳԼ뵽ʱҶĳطӵĿˡ
Ҷ㶥ŵǸŮоҶĶʶǰƣֻǵˣƶҶ˵͸оĶҶøӵĴ̼ˣҲĽȥ
Ҷ޵ĻȴǴû˷żô׵ķŹˣåһôܱɾˡҶоԼ˫ֵĲ֣װһĶİһһķŵǸŮĴϣʱ͸оǸŮЩ鲻ԽĲһ£ҶôʱԼͺͻȻһһƮƮɵĸоӿͷƲסԼĳ嶯
۾ŻζȺĿһԼڷŮһֶʱҶԼȫӵĿˣȻ˶࣬Ҳܿ޳ϣĹ˿࣬ѹԼղĵĸȵʱһر⻬ĸо
һҶʱԼǶҪƵģ̹׵˵ҶϲľƷŮˣȻӣ˵ľ˸ˣ
λƵǰ߶ţƱڵˣҶʱӵ˷ˣмŸָζҶһξζĿɰĳطǰǸŮ˵һţԽԽҶЩѳֲסԼĸо
ŮʼֻҶ㿴һּӵĳطΪĦ쳣ļӲζдŵĴ̼ҶԼһֱڼӿ죬˱仯
ŮĶܾ£ױӣʱ˿ȴΪҶɧŶĳѪɫһ˿ĸӵľô̼ˣҶȥҧһڵĳ嶯ֻΧȫİһֱҶ㣬ǰŮֻżģԼڴ󵨣ҲǰḡĶ
ȥҶĵĴڲȥֻǾʱŮоҶĶתҶһۣҶʱסˣҶۣɵɵضǰҲƵ˽ɡ
£̶֬Ƥ𪣬ϸü˫ֱͫıӣ͹ôŵǡôļͬһ崿׵ϣһ޷ܵʣǲò˾̾ڶ糤ں˳ɢ磬һװŮϣĹճϸ޳ߡԽԽ˱˲棬治֪ҪŮķѶѪ
ǰɵͷɵԵĴ³кϴ÷׵£ŮƮһ˿˵ζҽõûƿڴֻҡҡϸ޹ǵ֣Ծɲʧ΢˵ιɵˣ
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ŮǱȻݺһٱĽѵҶһŮǰһ鲻ԽİĻѿڶ
ҪѾˣҶΪѣֻġıġıġݺݵͣ
ƯŮҶ֮Ҳߺ˽ɣ벻ǰкеĻҪ壬ҪçײǺǡ
ҲƵĻݺ֮ٶƯŮ鴽Ц
˼Ʊڣϡ˾Цͣ
ãͬѧڶɣ
ƯŮֹסЦҶ˽ۻС֡
ҶһԼĳ嶯֪ΪʲôԼһҲûˣŭȴû˽н޹ǵָ֣æſˣȻǰŮһľɫŮȻǰ˵ĺøУȴ֪֪֮ԼľǰŮʮǧﲻֹȻҲסֺ仰˼ߺڰʵȴòҧ´ѹǴģĵ׷źţ㣡㣡
ŬסԼУҶ˳ְŮ̵ĴͷϣתͷͷشǵģҸոոбҵ׼ȥϴѧ
ҲȥʲôѧУ
ƯŮԲ죬
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Ҷ˵Ӧϵ
ŮôϧˣǲͬϵұĻϵ
Ҷ˵һѧУԺԵһϵ
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ŮͷЦЦڴǰнɣؿҶŶ鶯˫תļ죬Ҳ֪ʲô
ĴƮţͻȻƯŮԾ۽üͷվֻৡһλȫڵܽһѼɫǻĺɫ۹⡣
о߱仯Ҷͷ˺ЦЦȫŮʱ顣
ŮλλҶ㣬һֹģ
ҶһҲתλϣƮŮĽɡɲ֮䣬ԣҶæתͷϼҲٴƯŮĽɣ޵ĽŮӣƮ
ǰƯŮǽ̵ӣĽգ飬ҶƵõߵĽͣһ˵Ժ֮ԾȻ,΢΢ЦһЦҶִŮǰζ,ʵιôˣ
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һĨϼٶȸ֣ƯŮʾļᶨ׷鲻ԽץҶĴֲڴ֣Բӣ³ٵĻݺ֮Ŀڴ̫ˣҴûĿڣҷ·ڴȻ˰ҿǧϷҿ˴Ȼϣҷ·ڻ磬·Ϊҿš
ƯŮǼٵñȻǹһֱɨ䲻ͣòͣ׼˵ʱҶæ˵ͣͣˣˣ˵ˣǿĶ˵ôãҶϹģͱٳˣҿǲ˼ġ
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ƯŮĵӣС죬Ծ˵Ķﻰ
޿κεҶֻʼ磬ЦǺǵؿǰ칤ĵ˽١ܵƯŮǰʱʱǲ֮ʱҶʱΡ
Ҷǻ֮£ƯŮڻعٶƮȾںϼ֮ϡСذҶֻǰʱ򣬱͵׺Ÿϼʱ˺ɫȾԲ޳ĲҲ˴֮ɫ
һУƯŮѸٷſ˫֣æλذͷ˱Ǳǰ˿ȴȾ˴֮ɫųҶ㡣
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Ҷ޴ز֪ΰźãҲûǴûŮ޵ļٺҶƯŮǽԲӣСһһңǱƯŮϴŮ㣬Ǳѽƽķٶȷ˾ҵĴ
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ƯŮһ˿˷ܣ΢ЦţһһҸּǿҶ˹ȥִҶ֣۵ױųǧ˿
ʲôҲֲֻ֪֪ҵҵ׷Ϊ˳ߵԸҵΪۻ㣡
ƯŮĵ׳̾˿ݡ˿δ䣬ôͣôĽ
ƯŮԾɲ۵Ľ٣ҶءᶨɲͣĴָȥزƯŮϵĵǹ⡣
ƯŮϸһ˿ߣǵûаľɫÿذǹҸЦķҶĴִȥ


295  ײ
ʲôҲֲֻ֪֪ҵҵ׷Ϊ˳ߵԸҵΪۻ㣡
ƯŮĵ׳̾˿ݡ˿δ䣬ôͣôĽ
ƯŮԾɲ۵Ľ٣ҶءᶨɲͣĴָȥزƯŮϵĵǹ⡣
ƯŮϸһ˿ߣǵûаľɫÿذǹҸЦķҶĴִȥ
顢ҸͨҶĴֺƯŮĽ٣ļ䴫ݡƯŮеǧ˿ŷԽҡҶ򶨣鿪˴֣ȵ񾼾ƯŮľɫ٣һ˵ĵӿ
ܵҶԽԽصĴϢƯŮǧֱҶŨüۣϵųһʹҸЦݡءأƯŮᶨƳǽӣҲ΢΢ҶǺʵ촽ٻ
ءأƯŮǽεӣС΢΢ҶǺʵ촽ٻĴ΢΢ţ۵ɫֱ˷ı¿Ҷϣһ˿㣬δѾˣҶԴЩԺȵ˵۾ƯŮзӯӯˮ⣬ǰŨôҶ㲻֪Ѿ˲ЩˣܺúܾΪˡ
Ҷ㼱ٺߵŮ㣬ݺݵذƯŮ˸ܣżᶨóȵĴ򻷱оɫǽεӣȥ
һ˿Ľ˻ȵ촽һƯŮֻԺһƬհףʱҶĻҶֲڵĴֲƯŮıϻֵ¶ộƯŮϵشԲıϢ˿˿޵ߣϸҶĴֶ˿ҶƺиȵУȡģѣźӣзһĽʱʱ͵ҶϡϵĶԳҡ
ҶƯŮ촽΢֮ʣͷٵزס⣬֮ʱҶҲδЪţһһԼϰ
ƯŮҲ쳣ϵشӱ߳΢ŵ˫۲ת룬˫糺죬Ҷͣ£ȴģҶĴӵͰֻԽˣֻòݵŤţȴ֪ⷴΪҶçĶͼӻ
ƯŮֽıҶ㣬ʧΪҶֵһҲȼ𣬿ʼ˿ȵĻӦҶǣֻϸĸ첲ҶĲӡ
ƤҰϸ壬·ȥ˿˿纺һ㣬ɳƵѩòʩ죬֬ɫһ޳ྻ˫ԲͶԸУƽ̹Сһ˿׸⣬ϸ֫ƺӯһգβԾ˵Ļ¡𣬶Ҷ˵ûʲôĸ˼
ҶƯŮѹλ֮ϣӣƯŮĶͷȵĴƶţüë۾ƿҧסӨĶغ
ƯŮ紥һţֻҶǽеһϸСӶн룬ɿʱȫУ弸ڻƯŮĻҶ㣬ԲӣҶ³ȵǡ
ʧ˵Ĳ֮У㷽գҵǳǵòʱ˲ͣĻ־һԷ糱Ĺοţȡš
ʱ֮˴˹һۣ̳һĨĺϼƯŮתӣճյضҶ㣬ֻͷͷٵüë۾͡˵磬һҪҡҵԶ
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Ħż˵ǧ˿Ҷʹر˲ŵӹǣæ˵ģҾԲṼİһ㣬㣬ϧ㣬㣬һԶֵģ
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ֺ˼ҵĺôˣҲֵ㡭ߣȵᣬҪᣬҪҰĵ׵İ꣡
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֪ǰ䲻㣬ģҾͻŬģһṼ
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Ҷ㲻ÿɷص˵ͷѿʼӴе׽ǮȨƵôرǰٿˣ鲻ԽۻĽ֣ǻȵġ˺촽ȥͬʱĵ״źţİɣӽԺҾԲԱһӱŬһõ
ҶƯûڻУķҷϢǽ޵罿Сǣ߲ɫͰĶʧС
磬ᣬҡ
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ҶٺһЦԵе㲻˼Ͼ֪˵־ͺԶĹϵǺΰĶͷӦõģζֿžһĸо


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ҶٺһЦԵе㲻˼Ͼ֪˵־ͺԶĹϵǺΰĶͷӦõģζֿžһĸо
οɲ飬ԺףջĽۺ촽ߣɲİɣ϶Цȡʲô֣ʲôζǡǡߣᣬҪ˼ҺƤǨ㣬ҲܣҰ˲ɣ
СøʼûӺεĽ촽ͻϾһĿðһɲһ顣
ҶɲǱˣЦüĿоܿĵ⡣
շϼ԰β΢ƣҶ棬ŭӡҶ㣬ݺݡ˵ߣ濴ԭȿ˻ΪǸʵˣ˭֪ԭȴǸˣҿɿˣУҵø٣þȥµǧŮ֪Ŀ
ҶòײŰЦ£ǹ֣ҾصŮСɣСԩѽү˼ҿҪΪѽ

ҶԵͽʵĶͱ飬Ҳ̲סĵЦ⣬Ц

ҶˬʵЦҲſʼ˺ࡣ
ֲŵָҶ㣬ܲŮĴЦ磬ԽԽʵˣҿҲ̫ˣԺô˵ãҲ߿ţ֪ҪƯá
Ҷ壬Ѻһнرסбŷ̹ǰ⣬ζҵ˭ңģҾԲٺκŮ򡭡
ͻȻųǧӨ飬ת񻬵ָڸסҶĴ촽΢ף˵磬⣬㲻÷ģûб˼ֻҪҾͺá
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ҶģֻиˣĵȴԽʹҧŽ޺촽ٴȰ磬Ů֪Ů˼Ҳ˵ˣбŮҲ㣬Ӧұ𹼸˰κһŮô
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Ҷ䲻֪˵ΪʲôΪζ˵ĵ׵ܣֻһ˿ڡ
ĵ˵磬ζȷʵ㣬ζڻûô˵ģҵĺ÷磬ҵİˣһʱҿ϶ģҲζˣô
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ҶһѱźΣںελϺٽذ§ڱɵչ֫
λҶһЦʹҶı￿˿
Ҷ΢΢һЦԵе鴤۾һ˵ҳڽʦͥҵĸĸֽʦҸ׻ҵӵܣϧҵû䣬˸һֻһˣĸǸ¶˵ѧɲĵġȴĸòǲˡ
˵Ҷ֮ͣɫˮۣ˳Ѹٹ䡣
оҶı仯æӣȵҶ㣬ʮָϣΪỨ
ҶǿЦЦһƾΰãĵӿһҸĸоźε֣Ҷһĵ΢Ц˵Ҳһʱͱʦˣ˵һš
ҶΪԼš

μᶨص˵ͷرסҶĸ첲ϴŻŻ˽С죬Žӵ˺ελϣҶ㱶ƣ룬Ȼ㱧Ϊ˻м˵룬ҶҲֻõ񣬾ż˵˼ûͳ˯ȥ
ҶĴԽԽأζںεĿڱ֮䣬һŬ𽥵ƽ͸ĹߣģģؿҶԺĹ
磬磬㲻֪ǿǶôζ˲ͱĿˣ磬֪ôһֱζǸ߰ķˣͿˣһۼʱζƽ棬в֮飬ټڼƱ͵˼ҶʹҸˣ룬һǸɫǡǺͼһźȴζ˵һ˵Ļζп˶ҵĳޣҪƽʱ϶õζ볰ʱȴֻζȥھȥ̽һʼζͶĪĸоܾƽʱ֮Աǵһɣ벻ͯ»ᷢϡ
뵽ϸֳҸĲϼ
һճյؿҶۣŲŽʹԼҶظֱǽ׵Ķͷðεδŷҷĺ򣬺βذͷҶı۰֮ϣ¶£磬ǿ̫ˣζԴȻеĹʱĸܣζ鲻Խس嶯磬ζǱ㲻֪ζǶôʹζʼ˶㡮顯ıס
뵽εǲ¶ǳǳЦ⡰磬ŻȻһµ㣬ζֻȫ·գӹģֿҪڻ˵ĸо磬ζʱζԺһƬհףƲסĵ׵ϲã磬˽ζΪܻһݵİ飬ĵ׵İʱһΣζҲģζ֪һζһῴζģô磬ѾôһصĵӣζΪҶӵĲģϾζⲡҪǮǴһӶˣȻζҲԺһվߵ㸩ǮڵȴûǸҪǻسɳ磬İζѾˣѾζõ氮㲻֪ζжô㣬ζûҵӵһǶȴޱȵİ飬ⶨ첹ζģζһúϧ߾ȫһ˵ְ𡣡
ӨˮǾس鴤ţţճյؿҶ㣬ŷǧ˼
糿֪ѾˣʮɵϰߣҲĲˣĴʱ⣬ϧص㲻ԣֻø֮һЦظо޹ǵˣ˽㣬زһҹĸ첲һ˿ľҶûκθоš
ʵĹߣƾҶֵؿ庫εĲϹҸǣһ˿Ц⣬ɼ˯ҲҸġҶĹ¶һ˿΢Цɢǧ⣬ؿŻмˣأءܰʱȻš
гϵĹ㲥Ȼ
ѩ׵ĺ³һ˿Ӻһ˫Ŀһգһգأ˯ħżҵսϵرǿһ˿ǵĿ⣬ϽͣҶǹɲǼ̧˸߰ͷ

ҶϵϸķһСĴ˽ɣοٶȷһ˷ૡ
ǱҶεԣҲƵǳһЦĺ黺شתӹ˰ǣѩ̼ΪõҶĻӦͷ뺫εСչ˹ᡣ
еŮ׵УʱԼ׼򣬺ԥؼǰ粽Уҿ˻һ˿ǣûżū˴Ӵݽз˿
ˣ磿
˵Ӻε̴³˵ˣһСʱǾ͵ˣ
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һ˿ٶϮϺεľɫҧ´ȻЦϲõĸоȫ£ҶҪ
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Ȼûع˵֪ͲǸλƱ㿴ǿϴһǮô
õҶҲЦ򶨵ľһ
ѽᣬˣ
ε˲һΣСȭͷҶк˹ȥȻΪҶ˱˻ԵΪһ֮󣬺Ҷǰ˶ԴϢ˵磬һһȥѧУô


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һţкʴʡһ㣬ͬ㣬һÿ˶õĴΣڶȫҶĴڣ
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Ҷƽݣη˵ģһЦݣһЦɲˣҶԴ˴ֱӰΧںǰȫŪ˰׳գһ¿ˮɣ֣
˺εңﺫң緹ҶϽȥԼұ
Ҷյ¥¥Щ£Ǹշˢãߵŵһζ¥ɾҶĵһӡ󡣸յſڣ͸оһӿǰĸ߸߶˾䣺ģʲô
Ӵȣҵڵˡ
͸еԾߣҶ㿴һӿ첽ĺ滹мͦ˧š
һ߽ӹҶеԾߣһ߶ţģĻҲûˣˣȻӣ汳
ݸ߸ڼְ˽ŵİ£ҶûԼһƬء
ãҽ󺣣人Ժִ󺣾ˣ
ַָʵ֮֡
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Ž˿۾ͷͷҲһ߰ң忴൱ϴźƵЦ⡣
ãҽԬǿĴǿɵúúģ
͸УһңһСӵġС
һλͷȾЩɫԼʮ߰꣬ͿˣȳƣԵüӢԼһװӴ˵ҽԼƣɽһӭļ롣
ߴԣһָȾ˵
һŶ̷ɫTĿӣ˫Ŀͭ壬ҶһЦҽغݣԽֵܣӭ㣡
ֵǺãҽҶ㣬ԻУԺֵܶա
⼸ƵѣҶо൱
󺣷ֵĴִҶļ򣬲˵ٺ٣Сôô缸쵽ģͲˣۻɵöȼ
˵˵پֵˣȨλ
Ȼڹ߳ƣǻصϴѧҶϣԼܹĸԡϾѧԶǹڣԶعɱ֣õģУ԰Ҷ㻹ǶЩʵġ
ź鲨˰֣еɲУٸ룬˵˵ģֵͱˣ
ǺǣҶֵܻǶȼɣ
Це˵ԼƴˣҶֵܲŵ϶еƣұΧˣȥϴټɣ
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ź鲨˵ҶϴѾСʱ֮ˣҶԼʵˣֵܣ緹ûУûԵĻ棬ȶԸΣ
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Ҷʼ磬ʵ˵ŮѳԹġ
ֺֽǺǵ˵ҶֵNBѽ缸ǵţɩѧУôԺɵֵǽܼƯѽ
һᵽŮԬǿ͵Ҷֵ˲¶డʱǿɵúúģ
ź鲨̾18ഺˣҿƯõֶûǣѽ
˵꣬״ԹؿҶ㣬ȴһЦ
ЦЦһֱ㣬˰죬Ҳ٣ڲóƺŴһϵżƾ¶ǣʱ裬һһֱԵʮ꣬ҪѾſĸǻȥK裬ҶغһϹòײŰһ·һ·µļŪ˻ȥ
ҶͺԼһºûʲôѣ˵ûУ˾ѧУֵ§һǡ
ʱź鲨ˣҶ㣬ż˵磬ȥ
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ҶǺһЦε˵Բ𣬸λֵܣҵĲǣ¶ҿͼæ˻ˣǻаСʱſôô
ԼƽӹԱ֪ͨ˵ʱ䲻ǰСʱᡣ
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һᵽŮԬǿ˻Сӱ˵ʦǽʣǧǵвñ˶֣˸㣡
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Ԭǿû˵꣬ͱһŴϣŭСӵ׻û꣡
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αһ崼ȴһʣ˵Ǵգǧ
ҶǸһһ£ԱͰ˰֣ʾⰲò˵ˣڰϵͬѧˣǿʼȣҽһ£ճ£˼˼ǰĸԱͼʦӽǾҪһͬ꣬ϣҵĹܹͬӵһõĻ䣡
ŮǴ󣬻һ˵꣬¾󣬳˼˼˵쿪ʼǾҪΪһµľѵ켯Ϊǽҽܣ˴ϤϤھʹֵĵһſʼ̨ҽܡ
˼˼µ̨Ȼվڽ̨ߣǰ漸λͬȿֺ˼˼Ҳƴǣ˵΢ЦȻ
ţͬѧǰҽܡ
գ  ֣     ꣺      ᣺     磺       ·  Ҷ㼸ֱۣǰŮడֻǶ纫Ƿ衣


298 ˲ټį
㷽ҵǳһλһλ̨΢ſЩʼɷӣеĴ컨׹ȴϣе緢ɽ˺ģҲ˴ľګмλǸҶӡ󡣱ŮʶȻŷС㻹Щ࣬еСɿˣеˬʴ󷽣еԬǿںؽ
2Сʱֵ֮Ҷǣϵ̨ȸǰ˸ȭ񣬡Һãҽ󺣣ӵлȵĺͻȵлȵѪͻȵҺ֣Һᡣ
벻仰䣬̨±һƬ
˷̨ܵҶ̨ȥĿƽӣ˿ƽ˵λãҶ㣬ϣԺܺʹһ
̨ϡϡƽҶȻȤ
Լƣ̨һվ˧ΣӢòĵľֹĻ䣬۷ܸ˺͸λڴҽԼƣ꣬ϣܺʹҶΪѣףڽ³ɣ⡣
һʣٲ죬Ҳǡô˧ɱȻ̨µ൱ңûʲôͬƣЩŮĵû졣
Ԭǿź鲨̱˸컨׹غҲûʧ˺ܲӰ죬Ƶ˸ԲĽ֡
ҷϣ˼˼Ͻ̨΢Ц˵лҵķԣܴһЩͬѧķԶȽϼ̣ûϵһкܶʱϤ˵㣬ҵٳϣе˶ʮѵؽһµľѵҼǵôSƷ弯ϵص㣬Ҫڸס¥ĺˣͬѧǣһºټʦȴǵĹϣʱǸΪĿʣᵽΪֹɢ
ռŵһĥԼƼȫɱ˻ȻɷҶٲһΡΧǴӦͳԷǴӦգòףҶŰȺǰƽ
Ҷ֮£ܲԸ˸磬ƺƵɱϵĽѧ¥װͦ¶ŮǿۻңĿɿڴ˲ɴޣ˸߲ҵԬǿǿڵֱһ˵֪ôŮǣ
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ԼƵҲȰ˵УϵıͲôˣϾȷʵ£ôҲ¸Ϣʲôİɣ
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Ҷ֡㶼ڣʲô˼ǻˣ
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Сʱ֮ĴƣȷûкεӰҶ㳤̾һޱ˵߰ɣ
꣬ȴ󲽶ȥ
󺣼˻࿴˿Ҳ̾һæȥҲܲܣûһԭһԭҶںѹҶѹҲͬܣϾһ壬ֵܣȻǲʶ˲ã
ȴ֪ߺʮӣܲͷϽ㺹͸ŽĴ鿴ҶӰ׻ˮӯһڲģ
УʲôѽͶͶ
ҶϿԬǿȻԼƯŮı顣
Ҷ˵ǰǿɲԬǿһͣ󺣻ó˵ļȷʵʸӵĺ꣬󺣼˵鲻ãԬǿͰˡ
ôô׳ѽҪɵɵȥ赲治˵˸ʺ
Ԭǿ޼ɵ仰Ҷ˾֪Ԭǿļ
ȥĥƤʲô˲𣡡
һͨ죬ðŭŰɫ£̬޳ƯŮ߰˸ŮĴӵ·ֿԬǿߵź鲨Ԭǿһͨǳ⡣
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ŮһмÿԬǿɨҶԬǿɾ޻˵ˣϾ˼ŮѳͷҲ쾭
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Ů˵ʵԬǿҲǲĺͯӮȻŬ˾ŴΣ벻һһŲ
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δ߼ŮתʵǲѧУİɣ
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ŮЦٴתȥֱ룬ʱӰ˳ڳ˵Ĺע
Сᣬڸʲôȥ
Ůеѿʵ磬Ǳмѧ׼սѧУӣǻڳԡ
ŮΪ˼˫գΪҶ缸ֱӿʵ
ŭݵؾһһ֮һͷԼһװ˾ţ10£ȳƣҲǳϴõˣ˳󺣣ǿŭҽҦ׼ôȣ
֪缸Ԭǿ⣬Ķ˵ƽ͵˵ˣ˵㡣
Ҧ˼ӣЦҲ۸٣ʹʮӰɣأ
ǲ䲻ȵ˵أǡ
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缸һ˵ͷ򳡣Ԭǿ˵缸ӣֱӰǴ仨ˮ
ҦǿŭֻǺݺݵصԬǿһۣҲ˵
Ҧϼ˷ֱҦźšߺšźͶšźźԼվϣԱΧԽԽ࣬Щֵ
пֱһףĿʼԼƹȻǸǵģӲǿ֣õһת֣Ӹ󺣣ҦæسءҶ󺣷ֱվһʮȽǺȽǸغΧӦߺ崨ȥ
󺣲ǰһ״򣬷ߺţ󺣸һ㣬ûȥǰ˲䣬һ֣ɵԽߺţߣԼѾվλãһףֽӹͷһʱԲסԼ˸Ͷȵ֡󺣺Լһ֣İͷһ̣غݴеط
У󺣺غݷ־ǰڲʮȽǰһ㣬Լ£Ҷ󺣷־ӱһʮȽǺȽһ㡣


299 Ѫഺ1
ҦУûʲôõĻᣬҦ⹰־ͶҲû֣ſû˳ԼƵλվ൱ã۳ʱ壬غѾʼֱ߼٣Լƿ÷ִұһգغݱȥʱԷԱδλغݲж¿е򣬴ʱԷһ㣬δ˳սͶ൱׼򻮹һĻߴ
㣬һƬšҦ·βдУҦֻ򣬶ӣǿͻˣҦػ˼ȦҦһһҿ粽Խ󺣣ס󺣿󣬼֣ͣԼ΢Զ˵㣬ֱû壬µֻ˹޴
Ҷ˲ûжգϾ˼ҵֻһӣҶ·򣬶Էߺǰ赲翿סߺţ͵תһ⻹õģߺҲǳԲסһλбԼƣҦʱǰУ֪ԼƲδӲٴ󺣣󺣺ɣͶָвSʱϷһ󶶶Ҳ˳ٵ֣߱ȶ󺣳ָúܡ
ֵҦʼʩ˫̫ߣһغݽһţҦ£һı˷غݿס򣬲δ򣬶Ǵ󺣣˿Է볡ԷԱ׷׼ٻط
󺣲δ칥˹Ĵ˰볡Էıһ·ѡҦ󺣡
ЦؿŶ֣翿סҦҲ֪ҪУһףǰ㣬ֻ֪ǸУǱɲǣͻȻ򴫵ͦͻȻֱӴҼӹҦҦû뵽УôԼԼٶƯת壬űȶ
ķ֣ͶһòС˫ҶߺǱ߷ֱ𱻶ԷͻƹΣԼǿߣغݾ׼ͶȷһֱúܿԼһ˾ʮ֣ҶȴһδáʮʱѾʮһʮҶʮ֡
ҦһͣҶվڳϣţԬǿ·Ҳ˴󹦳ܵƯŮӰ˺üPOSEûһۡΧȺ΢һ˿ɦ˺ЩʲôȺɲʱֳмһͨ·һɫ׳к˹Ҷ˳򣬺˧Լеһƴһ׵վȺмۣ¶һ˿ЦݣԼһװң˵۹ⶼȥ
Ҧ·𿴼ƵģæǰǼһֹʲôһҶ飬Ŀܿ˻ȥͣʱ䵽ҦϳвŴ쿪ڣǾˣʾСҦԶԶһӣӳ⣬͸ҶȨ߲ѡ
£һ׵ϵóδ£ֱ˹ˣ󺣣ţ֣˵ġ
ĳŪԭڵϵŮҲȫվһ߻֣һߴУ֣֣
˹볡ʱ仹ʮˣûаӵĻϣɲΪԼֽģȷƾ޴ȻҲ䲻ɣָоҶû
󺣵Ļӽʱʼ𣬷֣סԷǼһѾ֣е˲٣Ÿֻһ׷ϲıӰմƵģټǾ˵ٶȣһƮݵˮʮ˱ʮһ
󺣼ֱˣֻȵĺ֣֣
Ǽһ˹֣ƺմֵĻҳȻ΢ЦŶ˵˵ģˣ
αǼһ϶ɹֺлǿˣʮıʮһӣȷֱ׷˰˷ˡ
غ󺣣ļ򣬵󺣣ˣֱӴɡ
Ҷıսٴй볡󺣼УǷ飬˴û󺣣ߡ󺣰򽻸غݣغݼԼƱΧýһҧֱӳ֣ǼЩų֣غݱָвԣ󺰣壬Լơ
ߣԼһλֱֱۼֱһ˫ûˣһ֣СӣʱѿٱҶǰ볡һɵת󺣵أһ˽һ٣⣬ͥŲ΢һ֣򻮹һĻߣ֣ģʮ߱ʮһ
ԼƺòײɱΧƾֻ֣֣֣ȷֳʮʮʱֻʣһӣ
ӿǵذ㴫·ǵѾӮʤ
ߣҲ˵̫˰ɣ
Ҷ󺣣Ǹ֣ͽˣ
ҶĻ˵󺣼¶һ˿˷ܣϾҲոǿξֻôС
¿ʼҶ󺣵λãĴƤϷŪŽţԷ볡ѹͬһ㣬ǰ˵üͻһҿ粽ųϣҶͻֻһλһҵĴµĺţ֮ƣҶٵɱ֣ڵ߸֣ûҶĶҶ֪ĸ֣ҶڶͶʱ֣һ˫ַסҶϷͶռ䣬Ҷ΢һҡ֣ұ߻ߣ˳˸С카ʮʮ壡
ʱ仹30롣ϵС࣬Ǹǰ֮ǰһδõСӾȻô߳򼼣
󺣵˴һãҶ˴ĴָµԬǿֵ㵸Ĵ󺰴УﻹһҾ֪ûþһֱڵϴǷȵؼʱŻ֣
źĺŰյĴӣ˫ָϥ۳֣֣侲ݺݵ˵ʲôʱ䣬ʤһǣ
֣ļУµ¿ʼ˴󺰴УҶոĸƯؽԸֻһɺϣ
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Ҷ㵱ȻǵʹߣҪź
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ζ㣬䲻ͬͬôˣŮмҶ㣬źκͯɢļƷз㡣ŮҶ˵ͣŪҶͨ죬ֻŮܻ޵Ҷ巢Ӵͱλǰָǻΰɽ壬ͨ͸Ӿ͵˾ʲѡ
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ҶǼٴϢŵӣȥֻԴһƬհףһҶĻҶѺѹ£ʱϸֲĽӲ
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һҶæ˸׳죬Ҫ鱾е֪ʶҪÿ㺫κͯΨһĺô۾һظŮദظǢˡ
νΪҶ˺ΣʱĽӴͯҲ֪УҶӰԺԽԽ֪ԼѾڲ֪аҶ㣬Ϊʱ޿öҶ㣬ÿ񡣵ҶõѺεİˣԼʱҶͺεȾãʣ޲ȡΣΪҶ㻳еĳ
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ͬҲǱҶͯֵøҪǺҶԣͲһгҶĻУŲ㲵ͯ¶˾ģͯ˴γҹ̸ǴԺͯˣϵĳ棬ҶҲûԹеֻǶۡ
ӴҶ˸ҸȴָεϢʱ䣬κͯҶŶ뷨ջǿÿζŪǡ
Ůֵø󵨣ϣûһ˿ӲҪҶǿϢҶϵĺκͯﻹŤԼ۵ʱʱǵָܻỮҶƤһ󽿴ǻԣŮεӣС죬Ҷ̵ʵ쳣ܣ
Ѫյֲ뺫йܵؽӴʱʱ̶̿ڳ飬ҪͯԣҪҶ㻹һ˿ǣѰѺй֮׵ĺξ͵
ص֮ӲǳСʱˮ裬Űĵ׵ѹסһ뵽Ժ󻹵üŮջǲʼįǹʱὣţ
òײŰջҶ㰵˺üŮ£һͬȥKTV衣
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302KTV
ص֮ӲǳСʱˮ裬Űĵ׵ѹסһ뵽Ժ󻹵üŮջǲʼįǹʱὣţ
òײŰջҶ㰵˺üŮ£һͬȥKTV衣
ƳϣУ԰ʹ˸ͯߵһߣһһҵķվԣǣҶ֣һ·кüλüĿɿڴֱðѪߵҶͶ񶾵񡣿ֱ۵Ҷ㣬κͯһԿֱЦ
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˺һͯеˣһҪҶݸĿҶ˵ȫҲпϸдƳ٣ԴһתΨһᳪһӢĸ裬̫¹Ȼ˱ֵĻᣬĨĨͷϵľҺ˦˦ͳ˵û治Ǹǵģ
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ͯʹ˸ɫͻȻ˵ЩʹȥϴּˣֻҶͯˡֿͯһƿƣһżĵƬһᣬҶߣҶ㻹ΪҪԼ裬æ˵Ϣһ֪˳ƱͯһסҶ㻹ûعһ뻳ϣҶ˵Щʲôһ촽ͷס죬ҶãҶ类һɲʱɵˣͯǶ֣ͣҶǣһƬ֮ȻҶ㿴ҲܸܵԡˣͯϵλͣŤĥвλã䣬ŷסĺ촽뿪Ҷڣͷ㱻һƬ֮䣬ܺҪΪϢʱ򣬰סͷɵÿҶ̧ͷһź촽ס죬ɹһںơ
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Ҷ촽ӣæ̣ͣǴ鼤
鶯糱֮ʱһ绰ʱ˵ʱˣһ˴βѣͯɬҶ㣬Ųذѱѽ⿪Ļӳ¿Ϻ޾ףҲҶ۴ЦͯóֻӦڷ͹ˡ͵бۿҶ㼸ۣĨһ˿⡣
˶죬֪͵͵˵ɫðΣҶŰͷȻȥɡ
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ɫߺ㾱ȫǺۣôȥ?ҶҲˣӦûʲô˻ῴɣӦҲ˯ˡ
˰Ҳûð취ֻϸ˵Ȱɾٻȥˡ
ĺ飡
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κͯҪμӻ˫ʱ࣬ÿ첻һСʱѣʮ˵ŬҲûа׷ѣ˶ǳ⣬ǰ£ھȷˣҶнţκͯȫԸΪ׼
ȺκͯĻ綼ˣҶ͵У԰СʱȻĴѧУѾ÷з˲֪˲κòڣںǵֻɫϵ˼ûⲻУ԰СʱӲû˰ϳ
κͯϴ裬ʱѾָ֪7ƤûʣʲôˮŮһҵҶ㣬̶˵ܡ
ССʱ֮ѾˡմƵꡯſڣǽ˵Ҫúף״κԲɹ
ͯҶ֣֣ͯҪƵŵһ˲䣬Ҷе˱ŨŨĵ⣬תͷȥȴֻü˵ıӰ
ҶһȻֻ˵ıӰҶȻ֪æ׷ͯ־ǿ־ǿɲ򵥣ųơиǳõĳԼҲǳɫͷԸǴ쳣ƾһ˧һͿƾϵţƾĶŵʡȣӮŮԵİĽνŮԵľɱ֣
ᣬߵĶܿ
쵽ҶͯͺҲתͷƺ÷͵ͯȻıӰϳѿڶ̹ͯԣʶҶ㣬ĲŻ㵹ȣֵܿܵס־ǿ׷󡣺Ҳ־ǿԳƵŮɱ֣ûʲôֻ֪Ҷ㣬ԺҲֻҶʲô־ǿ
κҶӶЦû˵ʲô߽ͯ˾Ƶꡣ
վƵȻֻһǼƵ꣬ҷ̬ҲãǼǼƵĵطҲ÷
Ҫһ䣬ϸ̸ţ϶ҸЦһ߳Էһߴ֣ʱʱιһڲˣһĻ档
һٷӲǳһСʱꡣҶؿϣͯι˿̵ǰſ˲٣ҪԴҶ⣬һһ޲鰮⡣
ζԼϣССڵĳţߺͯС һ󼱴ٵĽŲű˴߿ſڵ־ǿŭŤͼŻŵķԱ
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ԬǿȴһȥڴϷۣȻ˵Ҳ˴ͷǱҶ˵սıȴСо


304 Ķ1
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򳡣ɽ˺ˮйͨû˵λãҶ㼸˾ţ֮żһΧĳأ΢һˣ׻ӣϳʤ£һϡ
󺣱Ÿ򣬸հµİ׶ӼǰҲȥԣ𣿡
Ǽһһķ⣬סЦðɣһ֣Ǿϡ
»ƶӣи̷ߺŸӲǺܸߣָȴܺãͶ൱׼µġҶ㼸ϵóӼǰ˾ǴҲС
ҶǴ򱱽󺣵߿ֱӽϵõԼϡԼ൱죬ƽǰԷҶ㻹ǹվһʮȽǣϴβͬǣܴ׳ռȽǡ
ԼԶԷţֺǰ࣬˳һͻ֮ƣȻΪҪҷǿͻģתӣ֪Լһ٣ֽвҲ࣬ǰһ󲽣һ͵ʵң˦ţͻ˹ȥʱһƬк֮
Լ¼ԷԼͻǰһ٣΢ֳ࣬һĨƸߴܴ׳ǰܴ׳֣һõת壬ĶȻס
һߵ㣬ȫܴ׳ԼƸɵģҶһ򣬽ֻǻش˳ȥ׶ӽֱ㣬Լһ˾͸ĸź鲨һܴ׳һҰ
ʱӳһŮͷǸڴź鲨˵Ϊ˭ôԭСӰ
ź鲨ǰˣɫ΢һǲ̣˵ҵѣôִҲ׼ϳ棿
ǺڴζһЦҲرǺͰһûأ֪һǰ°ܽôˡ
ĸҲЦ
ءԼƿ󺣼ŤͷǾ԰ɡ
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ź鲨δǿһбµܴ׳УԷҲ֪ܴ׳лһзֵģһʹͷģܴ׳תûʲôǶȣӸߵ󺣣ͶбǸзСӳǸšзСӵ򣬽űǼƽ
зСƽҶ㼸˿ٻطǺڴٶȺÿ죬һѾֱ£ԼƸҲףзСһڿдŷƳһĻߣҶ㼸аȻôڴǰǼһˣòУС֣ӦһƬǵŮĵû.ǺڴĻصѷ볡;бۿź鲨СӣǺǰһѽ
ź鲨ɫȽƽûܴ׳ʹһ󺣼ͷ˵й
ԼƵ󺣶߶Ｘ䣬ʱֱʹص˼ͷ
󺣿ź鲨򣬴볡ûӥź鲨ټڴûУһӽһתĹˣǺڴסһѾ˹˸ź鲨ԥճڣһͣɰ𣬿һ৵ĳ֣Ƹ뻡ÿڡܹź鲨һƣòˡ
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С±ţǰֲ򱳺ȴ緽ְź鲨ûᣬɹʱԷȫѷ볡Լһ˳ͻٶȺܿ죬Է볡һŶֻԼʱִϾԽͷϣ͵һһ࣬һ࣬أ˧ˡһƬȲʣµüҲƺ֡ȷֱ˶һ
Ǻڴֿ࣬˿ŸԼλҶһŰ΢Цƽ֮ҲصԼ볡һɸղһʱΣΪԼƼ͵üüŵһͷֱӶ˺ü
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305¼Ķ2
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˵žȻֱð̵ĵطȥ
ҶֱбɽĻӦϱ֪ͨˣôɽŶԣܹȥ
һѾܽѾ޷ֹˣֻöͯͬѧ˵ȥ֪ͨҲɽϿɽôȲҪɽҪȥ׷
ƽţͯﲻҵϸεһӣֻκɽźż򲻳ȥ
Ҷźγķ׷ȥԷʲô⣬Ȼεĸ鵽ֻһѣƽʱû̫һ𣬵ǲʶҶҲȥȣοѡ
ҶٶȺܿ죬ûܿ׷ֻѾĵط֦ȥѾСĻͷ
ûԼŨŪ۾Ҷϳȥ˵ôô嶯ӢҲ
һҶ˰ֵе˻𣬻ոܹġҪûѽЩҪҪʮѽ
Ҷȿ˿ΧԶһСϪˮڵ˸Ƚϴֵ֦ϵ·֦ϣܵСϪմˮ˵ҪȻѧü֦ôȵ𡣡
ϴУһ˶ԭմˮеǣԭ洩һTҶһ֪ʲô˵ҪôˣȻҪҲῴġ
Ϊ˾Ȼ𣬺βٿǹã˶ܵҶմˮҶȻ˵ԼʹûĿӶĵTֻǵסزһ㣬һɵTȻһܴĿӣҶոհ·մˮôһת͸Ǹӿεһ鹵һֲɣҶ϶Կ̺졣
ȻҶ֪εΧ⼷ѹĹ̾һ䣺벻⺫εķôãھѾôˡ
Ȼѩ׽۵ˣҶȴװʲôûվȥĴŻ磬մˮ·ЧȻȺεļ֦õö࣬ʱҲմˮܹ֧ԮĻʱ򣬺ŬǾ˶˫ţͣҶ㿴񣬲Լ
ڶ˵Ŭ֮£ܿˣҲѬһڻң࿴˶Էһ£ӶЦȻһСϪ߶ϴҶˮˢһ¾ˣαϾǸŮӣСĵһˮϴվҶ۸Ҷ㿴ڼ˶ϵؽزһһһԷ˶Ȼȴͦ壬û׹ĸоȥȡˮʱزȻµţҶ㿴üѪ˳ŮҲ̫ƯˣͯͺεĸûñҶǶҪϴ·ڱĳһȻˡ
ϴһҶӣˢغˣվס·˵òģôֿˣá
ҶһåԣҪ˵ҲãҶŵûУûеġҸղ˵ȻҪǸʱȻڻѾˣҪʱˣԾҿҲ˵ҲѽҪһǣҲǹģֻǲСĿôһѣʵڿ̫ˣ˶ѡ
츻ʿ˾СɫǣŲ㲻ǹġ
ҶôԽԽѽ֮ǰ׼ʱһѽҶ㲻мĲѽ룺ѵҲкøУ˵ĻҲ̫Ҹ˰ɡ


311 УҰս2
Ҷ㻹yy ο˼ӣʵСɫǣʲôء
Ҷع֧˵һŶûûʲôֻڿһ֮㴩ɽҪɷˡ
β⣬ʣΪʲô
ΪҿڵӺȥıѪϵҶӶȾˡ
ҶЦ˵һů
θոջظˢغˣȴҶô죿
Ҷ㿴˿ɽ£Ѿյ֪ͨûɽȥ δ˵ٱѪҪ취ܴײС
ɣǰ·ŤɣȻ·ڿɹһ£ˮݻӷһЩٴϣֻҪһϾµˮǿϰɡ
Ҷʵ벻ʲôð취ΪǽŪѳ·
Ҳû취ǽ·֦Ͻ·ʵ̫ʪֻе࣬ɾ·õСϪϴ£ٸҶһŤˮ֦
æ󣬶˱ڵϣ໥˿ԷһʱȻ벻Ӧ˵ЩʲôĬһӺҶͻȻһ߳ڲԶ ε²ߣ
һŵವһֵصѽߣѽ
ãһߵעµһ߸ĵط
ҶһҲ𣬽еǧ𶯣һ߾Ϳˡ
ֻǸСŮߣһ֮¸ҶˣҶҲ˲ô࣬һ˽ȥ һѱסҶȻ󿴵Ѿ˹һѽסһԶһѹס˶Ȧ󣬲Žѹ²ߣ Ȼ޴ȴȼͦ˫ʹҶ徹Ȼ޷ѹ αҶ˵ǧҪҶ㲻߲㡣
ֻԼķѹסĺʹҶеʮߺ󣬲뿪һûӴ塣
Ҷץ鷿٣ŷͯκͺĶԣûһ һô˵ġպŷСʱ˵ͬʮĺκͯʵѾ㲻ˣȴûǰ һ˷ ε˵֫ģټò׵ʹҶ
αҶһѹ֮£Ҳϰ䣬Ů鷿һαһصѹ£ָоȴǴûйģܴ̼Ů֣˵һΡ
Ҷȥ ղ㲻ҶĻ߲ῴ㣬ȴµԽԽߣҿΣղȲѽ㱧ġûˣѾˣȻ·˵㣬ûˡ
ϵ·˵лл־һΣͬղŰҾȻѾڶξˡ
ҶЦ׼ôлңԸⰴŶ
Цŵ
ʵԼҲǲĸ
Ҷ㿴ӣǷˡ
ʱҶ㿴һСųǰˣ ˵и˵СҪҪҰ׽Ӳˣ
ҲˣҶһ۵ôֻԼûСѾӦýȥúˣôܳء
Ҷ㿴ӣǹеǸСҪ£ڲĳЩ˵ǶģٲҲɱһ˵СѽһĵŮŶ
δʱ˲ÿܱҶ͵ΣգҪС׽סԱ㱣Ҷû͵鹵ҲȥǸ֪ʲôԭŶˡ ε׽סͲˡҶϽӹСϸ˭֪СȻ˸ͣ˼
Ҷ㰵˾䣺ɫҲ֪ŮߡǱ˵ȰȥҼҩɴɽͰҼȥɣҲһȥɡ
ûжʲôΪҶһӣվ˵ѽ
·ˮݻӷˣȻʪʪģѾˮɽȥһشҼҶ ζû£֪Ѿ˻磬ûΣգŷġ
ͯҵҶ㣬еʵû°ɣ㿴㣬ġ
˵ȥ·ϵ
οͯͶ˵ĶѾ뵽ʲô˵պãʦ˵Ϊϵ·ղžȻŪʪˣҪȻؼȥҶȻҲͬҪؼң׼ͯֻüŴɽ
ɽҶСȴȥؼһ·͵Ҽһˡ
ΡšشӦһСĵؽ˵Ҷϡ
ʮӺҶ㻻˸ɾ· ҲˡҶӷóСҩ˵ұֱŵģҰŪɡ
δӦһذСЩƽʱε˵ҩϸĵذšҶ㿴 ϸĵӣôôˡ
ڰСãҶȥ˵׺ˮ ΰ׷ԼСϣССϳԡСճã̫ˣȻ εֳ
Щ׺ιˮרעӣҶȥһڣǻʹû
Ū֮Сеˣ α㽫ŵϣԼվ˯Ҷ һõ㣬˼ҳϲȻĶȻһȥȻ𣬶һСҲôϸġ
δѽҴСϲȻһУҾȻǵһǶúúϧϲϲݣҲϲЩС
ҶʵҲϲȻĶϲŮӲױȻģϲɫĶҾľݵɫĿңȻǴҵģ˭ȥȻȫ嶼ᱻȻ𡣡
μҶ˵ΪȻнҶΪ֪Ц˵벻ǾȻ뷨һѽ
ҶЦЦѽ벻ǲԵһˣһȻһС񣬾ȻϲĶһ
ţ浣гһᱻȻˣ㿴ôĺܰʮΡ
е㵣ĵ˵
Ҷҡҡͷ˵һΪɱ̫˭Ҳұ֤ȷ˾ܽ˼һ𡣴õʱҪ˼ɼݣҵĵķǴҶעĶԴȻ޾ȡΪЩȡͻٻƻԲһʾģһȻղΣһǻԡȻʵ̫ˣκιҺֵܹסģΪĺж֪𣿾ȫĺҲȻһָͷ
˼Ȼ֪Ͼ˼ʮ꣬ʷǧꡣ
Ҷ۵뿴һ̨жƻ˴Ȼƽ⣬Ȼʱ̨ٿ磬վôһµж󣬶ȻǳԷһ򵥡кˮȻеˮһطڶʱȫԴݻٵκһСĴˮһ֣ʲôᶥܵסǰŵǷ۵ĹԣֻƴȻȻгദܹõȻӿĻر
Ҷ̸۵˵ô࣬׽ס εİãϵͷǡҵ֪ϵظҶ˵Цһ綼ߣҶ㵽¥˷Уһ극Ҷ˵СܻҪϢܺãȥһŻشȻɡ
˵ѽҪȥһɽˡ
ҶЦ㡣


312 ʪ
Ҷ㽫ͻؼҺѾˣͯҲɽˣɽǰ˵ûһҪģŮӵԼᣬҶһ㲻ʧԼġҶصңͯž͵ˣ˹һǺͯ㲻Ǹʲô˼ɣôƯôá
ҶһץסǰͦЦҵСҲܰѽãʱûжзǷ֮룬ЦЦҶͷˡ
ͯķ񣬰ͷǰǶôã㻹˵ͷûġ
ҶЦ˵ЦѣŮңҹһǰǷҵһҵġ
һȣĿǰΪֹ˵Ĺϵͣڼ׽׶ΣͯԱŴ֮ΪҶһֱһʵʱڸοл֮Ÿͯһ顣
һֱҶͺζǺ絽ɽ϶Ȼͻصû˷֣Ҷ깦ȴɽҶú鶯ˣúεϵ²ҪҶֻֿڲðŪϿֵĶ塣
δӸ߳лתŭɫǣ˼ҿʪˣ´ξˡ
Ҷε˵ζŴѽ˵ҪҰŪҲŪģʪֹ£ұңҵڻǹڰءʱ䲻ˣٲȥҪٵˣҪҼҰҽ
ȻѾҶʵʵܽӴǺ˵ͯɣҿɲԸණ
˵űɽȥҶ׷ȥһɽڵôʱ䣬ȥʱ˺ܶѾܻؼˣɾиε֧ߡ
µҶηֿԻؼʱһҲ˿˸ţ¿ɾͲˣΪȫУǵĶһʮʮٵϢ˿ȥҶ㾹Ȼŭ
˵ҪʹһٽҶ㵹㣬ΪԼ书ǿԲ˵Ĵ򲻹ˣкĺ̨ѧУ棬ҶͺڲϣҲκβˣϾû֤ݾ˵ѧĻһʲô飬ѧУҲð졣
ѧУȻö˵ʲôѧǶҶͺһϢŲɵġҶڸһ£Ǻгɾ͸еģΪһǶȴҲˣԼȴʱӵһУ壬ֱõòԼֿɵõĳɾ͸УȷʵǺˬġ
ͯϢûоȣΪ֪ˣϢʱҶ㱻ͯ뵽УƫƧĵطʣĸУ𣿡
ҶͷǵģⲢӰҸĹϵ
ͯ۾ǿˮŶףǿ֡
Ҷ֪ͯԼкøУʼûжȡκжΪΪмԼƫƫˣҪôܱ˵ĶˣһᱨҲϧڣ֪ҶѾһˣֻ÷뷨ˣеʹͿ̲סҪ
ǺܴĵغŮӣɢ˵ˣԣȻﰮҶ㣬ȴֻܽǷݰ
Ҷӣһְĸоȥôˣ۾ģû°ɣ
ҶͯĵᣬҶæôˣúõôˡ
˵ţֲϵᡣ
֪ͯԼʧֹ̬סûѽɳۡ
Ů˲Լʱֻ˵仰ǶĽڣΪĻĹȣֻɳӽ۾ˡ
ҶȻ֪˵ѣǼװ۾˴˵ˣˣûŶ
ͯתΪЦô׾ʹѽ
ɳǴߣǳǿԴߵġҾҪ㴵߳Ƶġ
ͯôƯŮѣԺǼĻˡ
Ϊʲôѽѽҵĺѽ
Ҷ
ʵĺѡ
ͯðôһ
Ҷ㵱Ȼóȴ˵ǾһѰɡ
ͯԹؿһۣ˵˾䣺һҲҪϿˣ߰ɡ
˵ŲҶ㣬ֱתߡ
Ҷס˵ǲϲҡ
ͯһ£ܿվֱͷ˵һ䣺Ҳϲ㣬ҸһҲϲ㣬Ҵûϲ㣬㲻Ҫˡ
Ҷ㿴Ǹոո˵۾ٴˮ֪ǿķǡҶ֪ǲܵģȻԼҲеϲļǿŮĿǰûôʱͬʱӦŮӣʱȽһš
ͯԶȥıӰҶңԲ𣬲˺㣬ʵҲԺڣ˺֪Ůѣ˺ǲǻأ˺ʱɡ
һλУΣȻҶһĺøУδͯ˰ĵز˲ûصҺ͵͵һᣬΪеԼѾʧȥһλ֪ˡǰСŹȻǱֵܿɽŴȻΰ󣬵ѾУѣԺضûʱٸ̸Щˡ
֪εʵûκڵõİ֮лҶˣһֱûҵᣬڸǿʼʱˡ
ΰһλУλгţ׳øţһҲͣбᡣ
Ҳϣ֫ͷԼ򵥵֡˸Ƕϣĸȴÿѧڶһɾ飬ֻϧλţȥǵһϡ
ȻһλҲǺε֧ߣ֪Ҷεº󣬱ǼߣһЩĵ˵֮£Ҷս飬ҪսҶܣԶԺε׷󣬶ܣԸСܣǲ
˵һΪԳƵĵҶΪҶԲӦսģһһ壬һٹӴţһͺԴܺݶġһһ߲಻ʮ˹˹ģɼܲĺѧеôԺܶ˶ſЦȻҶ㲻Ӧսû취ܵӣҲЦһЦԽĿż֮ޡ
Ҷ֮⣬˶۾ҶңˬսǩԼĴ°˸֣׼ʱӦսɢ
սĵصѧУڵĴ˶ʱ죬Ȼ˶򣬵ڱϴûģΪĴʤأڴ˴ܣö֮ʲôҪĻһ¡
֪ϢȥΧ۵ϰˣҶ뿴Ҷ㱻ܵЦýȻҶעʧ
ȷʵͣôΧߵǰȴƫƫҪʾԼķȣ˸Ҷȳֵƣϧֵзȣλһۡ
ҶЦЦҾͲˡ
˵ţ費дʽֳһȭ
ȭһЦˣֻһĹҲӦսɣ֪Ķ
˵ţͷ͵һȭֱӻҶȭ
ҶУûȭҶѾƶһȭͷѸСȥ


313  ϴ
µĿɲǰģһȭٶȱȸղ赭дһȭҪˣһæһȭͷ
ҶһģȭͷʱҶȭҲһһȭϡ
Ȼͣ˫ȭѳջأһֱҶһȭûӣǴŭһȭһȭҶȥ
ҶȴûиӲ򣬾ͽʱһҪӲƴҪԼٶƵС
Ҷһֱζս򣬱ȭͣвƽʱܵʱǿһƴȻҲЩӲƴֻζˣȭٶȺܿ죬һ˸㲻
Ҷ˲һȻͬζԼȭһ־ܴˣȴƫƫڽҪеʱǱҶԼܿ
ʵҶȭľ֮ϵȻҶеʱѾôˣһȭʱҶѾڶԾ㱦ٶٿ죬ǲһһȥκβҶ㣬αƨɣñֱС
ֻ˵Ҷ㣬ֻ˶㣬ʲôӢۺúб¸浶ǹ򡣡
ҶЦҲѽǾͲˣҸ򡣡
Ҷˣ׼׼ýԭֱӻ뿪ԶԼȻ¶ţŴ󵽼ʹȫ书Ҳܿó
Ҷűᣬһôûᣬдһ£ųҶ켫͵һȭ
Ҷ㵱Ȼ֪ɵһתһۿϾʹļһȭˢһУȭɨҶȴѾ׼ʱ˫׽סֱۣ˳ǰķһѡ
ᱻôһȻȻͼǰȥҶýĽһ죬Ӵ徹ȻֱӰڵϡ
ȻδȱҶѾϣϥǶסıһҪѨλҶʦ̻书̻ס˵Ѩλ޷Ҷһĳ̶ȣܹѧŴֲָŻĵѨ
ĿǰҶޣ޷ѨϥǶסѨѾʹ޷ţҶٶȽһַڱϣһַŤסָһŤģҶڹ֮Ȳһ˿ɱȣѨλƣһ¾ͱҶסҶʵͶͶ
Ȼڸ֮أΪòϣֱѾ˿ܵĳ̶ȣټָŤһͱҶһŪ۵ġ
ǿҲ޷ʹĵĥֻ˵ҽˣſҡ
Ҷ֪˵һһ˵Ͷһ㲻ᷴڣſˣսҪΪҵСܣҲǲ
ֻ˵ãҳˣһһԸСܡ
Ŷѵ˵
ҶһĲм
ҲŲ˵ˣѾϴˣϴһ̣㻹ʤԸСܣҲԸ㡣
Ŷϴ˭
ҶȻᣬǻϴսĽѵʶʹ书ٺãҲܱһȺ书ΧܡһҪԼŻΣյʱҵ˰㣬õ˻ᡣ
н֮ǰҲܹңҽϴܴǵϴôô
кβңԼɣʲôʱҶ㡣
ҶĺɣԼڵ书ѾԽԽģлټԼݱ䣬ѾʹΪһ֣и֣¡
εĵҶͱ˽µԼû֪ĵصȻ˶ϯ̨ϡ
Ĵнͬ࣬˵ǾŵġҶ˺󣬷Ȼ˲籦ţ󣬵ȴΪ׳ʵֱۺܴ֣Ҿļ⡣һ˫۾񣬿൱һǱĶ֣Ҳüƽܡ
Ķ֣Ҷ㲻Ҵ⣬ȻѾ൱ߵ裬ڹֻǳţܴлûʼԷʽ̫ĻҲûбʤİա
ҶҲҴ⣬ǰѾ˵Լܵľ֪õҲҽһоͽڵأ书һ
Ҷ˵ֻҪ㣬ǾһҲǲ𣿡
ûˣֻܽϴ󡣡
ãаɡ
Ҷơ
Ҳ˵̽ԵذȭһȭȻ籦ͣҶȴһȭöࡣΪһȭ氵ű仯Ҷһʱȴ仯˲Ӧ
ֻҶҲһȭһȭҶԼӲҲ¡
ԷмˣϱУƣȭջأֱӴҶȭкݶҶķӦҪ죬Ѿһ֡һȭҶ֣ԼҲᱻСһ½ŵҪ屶ϣȻƴֻУҶĽš
ҶͲµ㣬˽ֻȥһ˻˫ֱӱĽţһѽƷ
һջأҶѾ˹˼
ȻѷǻԪʱľţǱϾģȻռ·磬ܿԼͶԴ˹
ҶлȻ࣬սΪ㣬ʤڷӦ죬˹δʤ
Ҷɷ˰й󣬺㳩˳Ȼǿ׳ƽʱҲȴȫûԡ
һвˣһϣӦȻȶٴʮУѾ¶ˡ
ͷϿʼðҶĶȴûڣҶҵһֱһȭСϣȻˣ߳ȻȫѾƵϯ̨ıϡһŵĻضҪôҪǫ̂ȥҶӸûгʤ׷е书ȻܹҴжܣˣҲûʤңҲûʤ㣬Ǵͣ¾ˡ
һֱǹսĿɿڴ벻˴Ϸһ˾ʡѹԼ£Լ治һѽ
Ҷ˵ˣԼˣ˵ضԽϴѽϧûҲˡ
˲ͷϵĺˡ
˵ţߵҶǰԸķ䣬ԺϴԸǲڡ
ֵ˵ѽϴ󣬲˵ôѽ
ѵ˼Ѿ𣿿ϴԺҶϴָ㼸Уѧʮ껹á
һֱŷΪ书ãҵԻΪͬҪ£ǽ
ȻѾ˵ˣȻʵʵؽУҶϴԺǵĴ硣
ҶڰֵͬѧѾˣûҪʲôϴ󡣡
ԴӽͱᶼҶշѧҶ鷳֪࣬Լ˵ı£ᶼ򲻹ˣԼû¡
Ȼһѧǣ˶ǣϵԭȴΪΣȻǱѣȻѧУҪǿѧıѡ
죬ͱҵҶ㣬ϴҪѧУձѣÿÿʮ飬ĻҪѧУ˴򡣡
˭ôѽûɣҵҪ˭ҵıѡ
Ҷŭ
ϴ󣬲Ҫ嶯˵ǻˣǲ𡣡



314 ǻ
ԴӽͱᶼҶշѧҶ鷳֪࣬Լ˵ı£ᶼ򲻹ˣԼû¡
Ȼһѧǣ˶ǣϵԭȴΪΣȻǱѣȻѧУҪǿѧıѡ
죬ͱҵҶ㣬ϴҪѧУձѣÿÿʮ飬ĻҪѧУ˴򡣡
˭ôѽûɣҵҪ˭ҵıѡ
Ҷŭ
ϴ󣬲Ҫ嶯˵ǻˣǲ𡣡

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Ҷֹ˵ǻ᣿ǻĻǵҪСӦȥõ鱨֪֪˲ܴ̣ѧУΪ
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ڴϣҶ㾲غͯϵеܰһ߼ʱΪһظĦͯĽ

ͯ͵طĺ촽׼ҶĴӡ˹ȥҶԼػӦͯǣ˵ͷŶԷתҶ¥ͯļִ˯˽ȥĻѩ׵ļϣŹ⻬Сڿ㣬ԲԲƨ

ͯر˫ۣ˫ֱҶĲӣĺҶཻţȻûкͱ˴ཻȷҶǾۣġ
ڮͯ糺պԲѩ׵°ͣҶĻͯСڿָŽỬ⣬˫ȼ们
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ͯӦҶЦЦÿ˵ĴѸٵʵĽ䣬еҶ룬ϵı仯״ͯĺԽԽ٣ʪϵĴĿҶһͷѸٵطסͯϾ˼ĺӣһֻɽϼʵǣһֻֿʼ˶ˮԴ̽
̲ͯסҶŲͯĺϣԲཱུƨɵͷһ۵ɽϣСزš˱ǣҶ޷ܣʼƴͷϵļѹͬǷۺɫΣֱת
ͯҶͷɢҵķ˿סɰ˵糺գظϴֱһŻȵȼգСпʼ𽥷ƣȻڽţᴭܼ֡ʡĸо


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һҶϰ˵뿪뿪֮ʱżͯԱ߼ҵŮǺͲɵĿ⣬Ļ̹Ҳܲסȥ·ϣҶָסţʱһĶõͯ˷ɸ봫顣
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ͯ𶯹˺һͣҶڻǲǵһθ߳ԲŻôǿô͡
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318 椣1
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ͯȻ͵͵ЦаҶĹӣ治ѧУľӢ


319 椣2
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ҶеѪڣô洿ӵһθ֮ԣͯҾԲḺ㡣


320 ռƷջ
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һϴ裬صңһ컵ĵ֮ҶַͯñϷŽ˯


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Ҷ谮Ĺıӣ˳ۻ˵ɣһ緹˿ɾͲóˡ

ֱͯ͵ʹһһСҶһӦʹȴ˲ĿɲǱˣǽεεֻ˳Ƴʹķ˹ȥ

˲Ҷǳصѹ֮ϣͻȻͯﲻҶĴֵܷܷͯĻ¶֮ϣѽ
ŽرϮͯע⵽ԭΪȥҶѱǴˣô¶˳ǺһƬ׻ľɫ飬ɫ뻳ҶʱֻļԼ͵嶥ͯǷʱҶ㻹ǽסԣ岻ǷʺĦҲ漴۵ϡ
һȵĻȼյСǣŻǻ㼡ƣҶҲǣǻ֮Ҳ𽥵ؼӿĦ

һñӷӹĹһ޵Ĵ紵һαҶȻĦ֮ͯﳢԹζɼĻʶҪӴȶȣֳʵĸоҲֲһûԹУƬ䶯̼ҶǱͿסؿ
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ԺһͯＱٴϢһڻŮԴ̼ĿƽŮҪǿҵĶ࣬첻ǵһγҶ㹲һңĵײ֪ΪνŵòˣҶͻȻת䣬ѹѾõ˼㣬˿̱Ҷı۰סһһȼǽϲɿܵջŲŷ۵ȥӴǻ̵Ĺ״壬ĦؼӾ磬ѵʶ֣ҪܵĶ
Ҷ˿Ҳ໬ϸ۵ļϣ˫§سϻסǶҡקסĦ˼£ȴ崫һɱͯﲻ֪ʱһסļͦ벦壬ȴ״ȴһպ˵ĿƣĲŪ¸ȣнֵơ
СȻһ٣ץסЫһȻ֣Ҷֻûм˻һȵή£һſ࣬ʵǹͶ˵ȴԭĳԣʱҲʣɲͯӡҶˣȴͣû취ʹи־ȴ޷ָҪ⡣ֹͣ䶯ֻϸۻãˬõ˿ϸ˳֡˿̵ͯȴʹѹԼĲһۺ죬֮ϵɼ䣬ͬƲסػһ˿˿ӨҺɬѿ
ͯ𽥻ָͬҲҶҶ㲻ˣǸ˵ĶȴƨɷĦǵذ顢ᡢɬʡ
ӵʱҶ֮ûһ󣬷øӴִײ֮䣬ҶѾоǽѹؿУ԰Σһڻںޣһڳ컵޽ӴУͯ˱ǵķҾʹıϣ顢ܴ̼֫ϵĦֽͯʼɢһŮе㡣
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оԼƨɱҶǸ²Ÿµǹ룬ֵͯٶȽؿеޱɬȴ§ΪĦʵĿС
ĴϢţҶϴڳ˹̵ǹͯ㡢ۣ֬һذ
ÿ˿Ҷ촽ѩ׵һƬ㼡˺üҺ´ٳ˽յĴš
Ѹٵ˱ӣֶűӣͯСԾɺ
һӣҶƾ϶뿪ͯľĿҲƮ˿ȥͲٿͯа۵Ļ彿˵붼룬´ȣҶǱ˳ȥܱ߽еȥˣ
ҶǱȥӰͯ￩Ц˸Сȭͷ˾٣ϸֵʤ顣
˷֮ŸԼѧУٸ˹ȥڳϣ糿֣Ҷ̾


323  ܽ´ů
һӣҶƾ϶뿪ͯľĿҲƮ˿ȥͲٿͯа۵Ļ彿˵붼룬´ȣҶǱ˳ȥܱ߽еȥˣ
ҶǱȥӰͯ￩Ц˸Сȭͷ˾٣ϸֵʤ顣
˷֮ŸԼѧУٸ˹ȥڳϣ糿֣Ҷ̾
ҶĿμ磬ܶûΣͯĿö࣬ϿҪȥϰĩҲĿʱ䣬ѹֹ˾צȴܲѧԺʦһΨʹͯͺγϵܻӭߵѧҲʦеĳ籾벻ֽʿǰأϵʦϣͯܳΪԼ£ĿĲԶͯ俴㣬Ϊܸõĵõʦָ㣬ȴòһһݵĽĿƽʱҪϿΣĿʱ仹ٵ㣬һĩæʱ
ĿҶֵܼһ緹һⷿɣ׼ߵʱȴԼĵһԡСʵҶ㣬ͯϵô
Ҷ㰵˿֪Լ϶ѯͯ飬ÿ϶ԼƵֵܸܴգڳﱸ֯ԣԼȴȻ̾һ㲻֪ˣοˡ
ԼŵıӰҶ˼οڶû˵κλ
ͼݳٻصСݣ˲ʮӲҶЦǺǵվһţͯͿſڵҶ㣬ʱЦ绨Ц磬ž޴Ĺ˲ͶҶĻҶ׼ͯｿεǻӣ͵ȥһ˱ǶͯſСѿ˽ʱͷҵⲫչơ¸ʽַϳ֮ȼգҶĴѸ壬ζϮͯͷֽȦҶԴҵķ漴չ
һӣҶƾ϶뿪ͯľ˵㲻ҪҵһȥôٲߵĻɾ򲻵òˡ

ͯ˵ͷҶ֣ЦǰǰҿɺþûȥˣϴȥҪ׷ݵأ
ЦˡˡԷĹвϴڣС
żϵķҷͯɳֽĿʱͯĿЦ
ꡮ֡ѾʮˣͯﲻϵĻƵҶԲĶһ£ʱһһѹֵķۺ측գػҶһ죬˵Ĵ漴һ𣬺ҶǿҵζҶֵĲϸͯԽԽ졣
ϴˡ
ҶЦһͯľа
ͯƮһ˿⣬ͷҶšҶ¾ѵ£Ҷ㼡ŵ壬ͯһƬ糺죬ҧűݣֲҶѿӣֲžò
ͯŵĺУҶתźˮȥ˿ӣҶЦЦֱӱͯͿԡס
ѽᣬ·ʪˡ
ҧŽ޺촽ͯｿţҶһ۾ͷ
縡͹ĽСţʪ·ĵ׺֮¸Ҷ㾪ޡߴͯﳱŷ۵ޱȵҵʪ͸ȹ¶һĨɫǶɫɢǴɫĶǶֱһԷѩ׵嶥˿ϣţ͹ĺۼɼϸӨӨһգ˿ȫ㣬˳ѩ޳ϿǻԲۣûһ˿覴ãһƴС˿ڿ޷סһƬɭֻ֣һۣҶĴϢͼ˲١
ҶԵشͯ§סͯһԳҶһִӺػ˿ĶǶһŷ履Խɢ֮ϣָͷһκӣңһƽ̹СĦ
˿ǶҵرҶһԵһԣѩ׷֮ϴ°ţ̱ͯǴ鵴СذڶƾҶᱡ
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Ҳͯ﷢һĴشϢ紭Ϣ˼£ǿӣַܷתҶĲϣԼҲֱ񾱣ͷӭҶǴһ·Ƕ촽ӡͯĽ֮ûʺӭǽεĺ촽Ҷȥǵôᣬǵôϧȵ촽ˮҵײһͷá伫
Ҷֲõظ˽ʱˮֱ졣
˼ٵĴϢţͯ￴ҶһۣһҶһĵЦ͵˵ͷÿ˻Сָܷ
͵ĵƹҫ£ͯɢĹ󣬽׵ļԡһҫѣĿ㾧Өۡѩ׽úһ΢覡ʥŮһ˿ҡӳҶǰ
ͯƤϸ壬Ҳʮְ۷ķǳȳƸʡʱƺƽʱǴ࣬ͦޱȡɫɽǶŷۺɫѣ֪ʱǺѾֲ΢΢̣·ʾʲôĽƹҫԿһѪľһ˫ѩźۺһ˫ѩ׽޳ͯסɵľɫ̣Ǹȳơϣ縡͹ϸĵطϸ͹ĵط͹һһȻĶ
⸱龰Ҷ۾ＸҪͯҶǺЦţ۾ԼĻ壬æ˫סıһŮĶ壬ҶЦ
Ҷ˫סͯִֻӱƹץǴͦеԵ壬ָͣӲʯͷѣ촽ͣͯϸǣͯ񱳺ҶŽһ𡣿Ľ
ͯﱻҶ㱧һ˫ͦصסҶţԼ٣徵ܽ淺һΣҶиǽߵԺݸɡءһҶԤĵͷͯͯͻϮֻԵ䶯һ壬Ҷǿ׳⻬ؼϸ漴Ȼؽһ˫۽סҶ㣬ս
ͯһ˫Ŀ̴Ե¶롣糺СɫС֣ԸеǡԲļͷԼһĨ˼ѩףȫĵ̹¶š
ջ壬Ҷڸڵȼյøǿˡ塢Ρȡÿһ磬ϵ۵Ľ
ͯʶŤţֱĳȿϺϣصϪѴӿǿӲطֿͯʺŵ˫ȣֱͣ˫ڲļ֮ϡȵĦͬȵ壬ʱóزдʱھŪ͵һ˱µ˲漴һ̵ļʵҶŤƺоͯطһ岻ĵ
ҶʪͷͯƤϣĥƬ̣ϣǵ˱ҧͯȫβ͵رҶ˫£΢΢ֿҶȵıϢΪ۵Ĵڲ࡭
ʱţͯ˲䱩ߣɲǼȫ֫ٺ˳ͯƵһݺݵһȴ¡ֻûң鲻ѣѣУ׿һгеĳ嶯ʪҺڻƵĻȡԴ˵һͯ˹ȥ
ܽ´ůȻࡣҹůܲ࣬ƺÿﶼ컵Ĵ硣
ֵܡ鱾㣬м飬⼸Ҷò֪жô֣ԴͯﱻһɬģȫУϸսֲ˼Ŷ˶ÿζǵֹ߲ͣҶøɾӣѳ˯ȥ
Ҷ㵱ȻǷҶԼɫ˲٣ѧУҲ͵ſŮˣ˵ѧУŮͯȼģ߰˷ɫȴ١
ҶһֱѧУͼݿ鿴ߣͯҪȥʦסͲˣڵУ԰ŮഺϢҶĺܣ͸ȣЩŮķǵĲӯȫȫǿǵĵ΢Цûʦ̣ܽû˸ĸĶ٣ÿ˶ķԼѧɣǿţʱѧУһȦܿˣ̽ŶԷ壬ӵżսŮ
վѧУֻввӵʱ䣬תУţҶӿٶվȥ·Ȼڶ࣬඼ǳȺӵŮŮ˿ǴѧƽʱεĿʼУ԰ҪֵĶ࣬ȴУ԰£Ҷ㲻Ǻϲָо
ϾԼؿշˣҶߣ󺣵ȼֵܴţĳ嶯һҪԼʧĳ嶯ʱС˺ܶ࣬ɲֱȥԼ˵磬㻹Ǳͯ˰ɣѾҳˣ϶һѣܵĶ˶ء
ҪԼ֪ͯ飬ҪֱҪ㲡
ͯҶʱʱ̶ܸ̿ܵǷĺܶ࣬ܶSB߶ţֵ㣬Ů·㲻ɶϣ·Ŵ
仰ʱҶûжоֻһЦ֪пʵǰ㡯͡·أⲢ߼ʣ߼ǵ⣬ԼŮֵϣҶΪҪôһҲŮˣֻһԽƷҪôڷɵΪһЦɥΪ밮˳˹ضڻǧʷлô
ֵⲻͯǾԲãβҵ֮ƽ㣬Ҷĺͷۡ


324
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ҶЦʵĲҪҰæô
ҪˣԼ־ͺˣûʱûн
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ΧΧȹͯ̾ʹˬʵĽһӱһɫˡҶֺǺǵһ߸˵СЦ泴˵ӣֿ˻
֪ǲʳɫԵʣŮԳպáϹãдӷ֡ȻϹֻպ˿ڸܵͬʱһϲ
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һ׵֮˲档
һӵĺòˣҶ㲻ȷǱħ𣿾Ƕô̵ʱҲ޷ôζ
ԼͶõޣͯȻе⣬ϻǫ˵ˣƨˡ
ƨĵĿ㰡ٺ١
һЦҶͯСȭͷ
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ŰϵĲȳ˸Ҷ˴Ĵָ˵ĺܲζܺãֻ˵ѡ
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ͯԼûгԶ٣ҶԵýζͷǳˡ
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βͯҪȻһԸ⣬ҲֻõͷӦ
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ˣſ⴮·߳ġͯﵹûٶֻǶԹԶѣʵҪҶ㵥ԼѣֻҪҶ飬һʵû壬ҶѳȫĶȫҶռݡ
Ϣȥѳ
꿾Ҷɾ˵

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⳵ǻӸ׼ģҶҲûȴҲûҪõģֻҪͨİµϡȻԼĳǺܺãһ㻹ûģɫѾˣǻҪȥźγԷ
Ҷ뿪ʱͯԱߣһ˳棬Це˵Ůһ˰Ⱑ
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٣ֲ޿֣ԭ˻ŰϧǸпõǹͷ
ϵǸ˶ݺݵһ䣬ȻߵǰҶ㣬˵Сӣӣ˵ôɣ


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ͯȻһЦֻѣôأ˵أֻĶѡ
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ΪʲôʵҶ֪ģ֪Լ̵úܣڴͯĻᣬ˸мҶ۰úö˺һ˵NŹ˵绰
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Ѹٳͯﶪ꣬Ҷһѱס
Էʱ˾ѾüȥˣҪչͯѷˣҶ϶Ѱ಻סԼͰ˵ˣû飬ֻзͱĥķ˲һҵϷϷ˵ڶԷϷĸ
һ£Ҷ³ؽ׵˿ϣһʳͯ˵£ͯŤˮֵϵһ˵¶ѩ׷磬ǰߺֵʱζ˵ĵذ˿ҪϢҶһۣһ죬ת˫ַŵȹףаСȹǣسϳȻһȹ״ɫ˲չǰɲǼ䣬Ҷĺһ٣Ǵ룬һĨ޵Ĵ˲
Ϲ𣿡
ۺͯﻬǡ
أͯϥ£ѩ׷۵͸ǿᱡ˿³ֳһԱոеĹ֣ĲɫȻ޹ֱ꣬Ҷ̿ˮͦǵöҪըˡ
ͯıݹȻҶͬʱèץƵҪס˺ݺݵشйһ̬ͯһ˲
һഺĻȫչ˵ͯϻһС£ǱһСȴǰһضѤɫʣԸСۼ˿ϵμ䣬ϸһͬĶ˿С㣬ԸеСסѩɣѩ׵Ĵȱֱ˳ŽѾӵŤ壬͹һŷ˶ԸСƮڼҡΣһ̺СӣһճСϣɢ͸˿ɴһֻС֣ڸŪ˵̺죬һδεĦһط˲䣬ƺһĿǡıƻãʵ
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˵ĻһЧĴѩԸе壬𣬱ŻȵˣҶֻüͦҪըˣǰ˸̫̼һѹ£Ȳشȥǽ۵ļ۵촽ҲָͷһҪ˿խ㣬ȴȴͯһסǿҵĵסһ鵴Ů˽СĿɣסǻȾﻺŪ
ڷǸĦͯͺñһˮѩ̵ۣ屻ｿ̺ʪѱ˵ħòĿ
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ͯı̵ۣһĨ˵ĺΣ΢䶯С죬õ廨һ㽿ౡС챻Ҷͷ׵˿˲סķ̰࣬ܡ
˵̰ģǽġҶȲͷܻ̿ӭͯС죬׵ûĽҲȣͷҲڰβסɬ֯һ㻬ăҺ֬һҶֻвӿζăҺҲ͸̰ĵͯͬ˼̫ã޲ýڻҶᱡʹģҶָ˺øʵϣ˿ϣ˶߲ãɬŮһн˫ȣȴҶ㻵ֳַƳ˳˴ϡ

ͯһҶֲڵָĦԼ˿һϸԤĴϣһòĵˢһ㣬Լʢ
ᣬǣ֣ͯ׹ƶˡҶ˫һһ£׵ֱקϣûܣϵҶȴѳϣָĥͯϸĴȼָͷһãͯﴥһĲһ¡

ߺͯܿͳУʹֵҶֵĴݲУ𲻶ϸǡѩ׶Ĺɢ˹⻪
ҶԼϢˣͯ֬һļޣջ޷ͣµɫ⣬˿ˮɫǶ¡ѩ׵Լζһ͹ԲѪǡͷͯǷ˳ѩ׵Ķ첱ǵϣһŨڱǼ֮ϣͯ㣬ǣ欵ζһӶ޷ǵϢ
ݣ˷˵ĽõͷţһֱСʱͯнⳡҵս֮ɫ˯˹ȥͯҶʵ;ͦãҲ֪ӿ϶˶ãϾԸ⵫ڵ϶Ը⣬ʧ׳ǾԻĶ֣


326 ƷŮʦ1
μ£ͯһߣȻַ꾭ʹҶԶѣеЩζʼѰŮܶ࣬ҶܿĿꡣ
λˣȻеĹϵǰγ˼˼
ԼʮңߴԼһˣһɫɫ㣬֮ҶϺʵпŮоƯģͦزʵǽİɫҪƵӣ·ֻҪ⿪һӣǶԼͦ˶ȻͻƳεزҶ㿴ööˣѾҶоȳ˴ˣǰλŮʦҲֻһѣǰŮҶľ飬Ҳ35eϣûٵĻʦһְҵ˵ٵĿԼ㣬˾˶˫忴Ȼͦð·Ƴ޴ɽ壬һһͻ޲ȥһĸо
Ҷ㿴ֱˮȻҶй֮޲ͯҲԲλࡣ˵ͯഺõŮʦǳԸеԸԴĺ˫˵Ĵ۾
ֻάӣҶ˷лعʱ˽˵˽Ҳ̫ʮһ˽ȴʹһгһ
ŮʦĿʱȫ˶ʱֹͣ˵Ϊ̫ˣ˵ñȳñǱʣŮʦ֮ȴ˰ʣ˵ֻӦУȻŮʦ˵ȴеҪ
˼˼֣ûʲôоҶȴü𺶣Ϊ֮ǰѾƷ㽲ôһ㣺飬꼶ֱ꼶ʮϴѧѧγ̣оѡŵĽרҵѡʦרҵΪΪйĽҪı䣬ǿΪƾջùܹʹйǿ
ҶһֱʶһŮ벻ȻԼĵѧУ˷ܵǾȻİΣ˷޷
ͬѧ˵Ƕ˷ܣŮҲ֪Ǳ򶯻۷òͻȻãΪŮʦѽŮʦ˵ڴȥٳϣѧҽܡ
Ǵұһ𵽲ٳϼϣУֻʱ䲻ݵĿѧԡҶֱ˯ãŮʦһֱǰ棬ҵ۾ҪϣԻ˯ˡ
Ҷϵˣ༶ѧʦ˼˼һͷ㷢ɢڼϣƮѣȵƮϴˮŮǾرؼͷҪƯһ˫Ĵ۾˲ұӵһָ߹ȴԴŵʹ۴ĸǶȿ޹ȫɫǻΪ֮ѪһԷ˫߸𣬾ȻȹҲܿһ֮ʡ
ҶڵôˣҶŮö࣬ӦȽϿ죬ֻһЩŮͬѧͼŮɲȽȥˣҵ
˼˼ʦûˣҶֱϣҶҲŮʦĴѽײǱֵڴߵмȥҶվ˵ʦҲɣ⻹λܲվŸɡ
˼˼æ˵òãⲻλС
ǳ˼˼ȻҶϣΪ֪ԼĻǴҶҪվ˵ˡ
ˬľҶˣȣڳ˼˼ʦŵϣŮͯȻƽʱ˶˲٣һʹҶıӲϵЩ㣬Ҷеĳ嶯˶࣬ˣ ĽͽҶߣȹѩ׵۵ȻɱغҶ*һҶǶ£һ˼˼۾޿ɱҶ㼡ˡ
ߵĴŮ۶֬ˬҶСܼҪ߸𣬱Ҷǿа˻ȥҶ̰ŮϷ㣬⼫Ϊ߼Ĵӳ˼˼ϵ㣬Ҷ㼸жϳ˼˼ܻܿǴ֮ˣֻﻹе㲻̫ţôŵᣬ˼˼ôŮˣǴŮ̫ѵˡ
Ҷ룺ҪûˣҪǸҲܰҶһ룬һŮУȥСٴθ߸ͦҶ㲻òֵסڸǣһֱ۸˼˼۵ĥ͸ˡŮʦΪֻҶĶûʲôرӦҶǻ壬һϰѳ˼˼ڴϵĳ嶯Ȼһжֻѡ
Ҷ˺ʹܺѹȺеĵλǱȽϸߵģ˵ĻһЧǴҶվ׼뿪
ڷʵ̫ˣվңҶվʱֱ۲С˳˼˼ضʵزֻ΢΢һ£Ĵ۾ҶʵҲǲСģ͵Ļͷᣬûֱӿ۾ȴµ˵һȥѽ
˼˼ƽӣҲ֪ﷴãΪӦǲСϵģû˵ҵ
ҶȻصزȴһˬΪز̫ˣԹḻȴģִ̼ǹˬ
ҶѾҪ˼˼ԼŮˣһŮȥζһܲˬ顣
Ҷ㼸һȥģȥʱ򣬿Уһճӿúܿ죬ϣҶĵϣѧУ￪ô죬Ͳײˡķ򣬺ǳų˼˼ߵģĪʦģ
뵽⣬뷨øղŰֱĴϣͷҲнڡ
Ҷֻ뵥뷨Ȼı˵ˣһȻǳ˼˼ģһǸոտżճٿǸˡ
ΪģҶ˵ȹȥҵıܸղŲСĵڳʦˡ
ŶȻȥðɣڳʦҵ㣬Ŷ
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Ҷ˵꣬С˼˼Ҷȥ
Ҷ˵Ĺ£룺¼ôŮˣɱˣôòôģõĶӵˣŮҪҲǼ׵¡
ģ͵͵Ƕȹŵķ飬ڰƹû⵽ҶȻ˵ԼĹ¡ҶȴԼyyˣʲôʱܽԷ׽סԾС֪ܲ
ԭİ趼Ǿˣﻹһãгݼݼļҽ̼ϣֱѧҵû̸ѣΪĸҪǰ̸ҲһѾѧˣûнѣȻ׷˿һǿǽ㻹ãĸĻûе׷
ڵȵ˼˼ҵˣɸĸ˸ղǸѣмҲֻϧ˼˼СѧֻǿļûʲôȤǸĸܣǿͬԽѡ
ѧһҲᣬȫûйͬȤһҲϲڳСһһΪ˲üһҲȷʵҲƶɽӯ
ĸĸҲΪŮ߶ˣûзԣ˳˼˼͵ҶʦΪǸУҵоôǿıͬʱ˰Ρ


327 ƷŮʦ2
ĸĸҲΪŮ߶ˣûзԣ˳˼˼͵ҶʦΪǸУҵоôǿıͬʱ˰Ρ
ĻҶyyвŻҲвŻˣϵ֪ʶ˵ӦûʲôŶʦŮѰɣһܴӾ㡣Ҷų˼˼ʫԵʱһֶ龰ѽ뵽Լʫһµ龰֪˼οˮ
ͻȻ硱һҶyy񣬾Ȼһײһϣʹֱѽʹ
Ҷͷ¡СԼ˵ûû£С˼
ʵʹֱпࡣ֪İȤԼûʲôϵҶеȴԱҪ֪Ѷûڿ϶ǴŮõˡ

ų˼˼һҶ׷˵ʲôʱҶüͷǳ˼˼ļ£Ҷ϶ȥܣʱұܵĶǸ˵Ҷʱӿ˽Ų
ẓ̌ƾǸ˵ĻҶˣǸţ˼˼İ㣬͸Ҵλɡ
˼˼ŷŭѹ˵ƮҶ䣬Ҹ˵ٴˣҴСֻ㵱˷磬ûϲ㣬ϲͱŮҸɣҲܣ
˼˼ٸһλɣ
ĸ͵ؿץס˳˼˼֣סǰ
˼˼òͣ˦ӵ֣µ㵽׻Ҫ˵ٴΣҸҲϲ㣬ԺҶˣ
ĳ鴤˫ʶصͷվѾ߹ˣ·ϲûж˵߹Ȥشǣϸš
Ǹεվڳ˼˼ԣȥο¸Ӵ̼ġ޴ʱҶ㷢ˡ
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ŶҶ㣬ѽɣҪȥأ
˼˼ûŻ˵ﻹҶǲŷûĳ̬
Ŷû¸ɣֻߣʦѽ˧ͳʦֱһԡ
Ҷ㰴סĵ׵Ц⣬װһףƨȥʵ뿴˼˼Աı飬ŮԱıɱȿŮ΢ЦĻΪѵá
ڰϲԾҲƽѧ˼˼ʵûжӡؼǵҶ֣ȫΪ԰ϵѧϸ˽ΪѧУͼ༯壬ŬԼĵһѧӵһõĴѧԸ
˼˼ԵӽüĿļΪ˧Ҷ˵ͳ˼˼ǡһԡԭȻ˻ȥֺǺǵسҶ˵ͷű߳һͷҶ㣬ǽֱͦš
˼˼üͷһ飬һ˿䵭ҶӡˣѼľǿװЦҶ΢΢һЦɱ˵ұ硣
תͷż˵磬Ȼ㻹£ȻذɣҶеء
εص˵ͷų˼˼ѡ硯۶˳̾һװһıǺЦǺðɣȻǻҾȻˣҸ㡣
Ҷ֣˵ҽмúҶǹرͶԵǿɵʱúþ۾ۣҵƬ¾ҡ
˳ֽӹƬ˿㶵΢ЦſżһͷȥҶתͷЦǺǵضų˼˼˵ʦҪлҰ㡮硯Ǿ͸һԷĻˣһЩʦأ
Ҷǣһ˿Ц⣬ڡ硯ϼߣ
˼˼һҶһۣǰ¶˳󣬻鴩˻ԣ˼˼һɣлĴܹ٣ε
Ʈһ˼˼첽ǰȥʦⲻڿЦô鲻ãҲŹģһ˵أʦɱǴ˼꣬ÿο񿴼һ㲻˵Ͽεʱǵʦ¿ǵѣǵĴôѵͽ㿪ЦҲô
˼˼ƺˣҶæһ˹ȥ˼˼Է˽ŲҶĻ˺ܶ࣬첻ǱַԲһѧǰֳ飬ǻʦ֮ìܵģŴѧУҵ߽ǱȽѧģҶĻɫ𽥺תƽʱľܸҲָˡȵҶֻһľżǰȥ߱˵ҿûôСҲ㽱ȼйʲô˵ɣ
ۣʦãƵꡭ
ų˼˼ʩİۣҶ˵Ȼǳʦͣǿ϶ҪȥģϾǵġһΡôҲڸȽϸߵĵطǽ컹˰ɣ͡աɣĶķҾͦóԵġ
ʲôһΣϹ˵ʲôأԣԣԣ֪ԣˣҿ벻𣬡աǿԸɡ
·еһʿ˼˼˳˽ȥҲҶˣ͵ذѺˡ
Ҷʼ磬ֻ˸ʻ
ԼҪʲô͵ɣ˵С
һȽСİ˼˼ְѲ˵ԸҶ㡣
ҶԸµȻʦͣ˵ȻҲˣǿ㣬ס
Ҷѽ濴ô컬࣬һΪʵ˲ò࣬ˮɶѽ
ʦŷ￴ˣҸˣ˿ɲֻӴ
Ҷرãںͳ˼˼ЦšǺǣʧʧҲ֪ǲŵʦɲ㣬˵رãѡίʱôȥѡίԱأȻѧУ͸öкܴĺô
ллʦԺһעģڿɲϿʱˣǻ˵˵İɣ˵˵㣬ǵŮʦȫУʦעһһء
Ȼ֪ɲһĺôҶȴûȤֻת˻⣬ӳ˼˼ĻǼΪǵģҶССĸжһѡ
˼˼죬ЦӴ˵ǽǹˣ
ˣʦɱԩңҪǱôһ˵һȫУУ
ҶһѺί״ҿûʲô˵ģкֱѧУ˵˵ɣ㣬ŮôҪҪʦһҿ֪Щһ쵽úѧϰ֪׷Ů
˼˼Ҷѧɴ˼꣬ŴѧУҵȻΪ˽ѧʲôΪ˸õ༶ƽʱͰϵѧʱȫǵͬˣǵԼСá
Ҷ״װһί࣬̾ҪǮûǮҪȨûȨûвܣòҲڣ˭ῴѽʦҪúðҡ
һӵĶ˼˼˵Уһ֪㣬ҵ˵ˣˣϵĴŮװôﻹŹ
½½ض˱߳ԱţռΪǢ˼˼ȫʦݣҶ㵱һѣʱʱϷŪҶҲʾţ˴ѧϰĵĵ֡ĻúΡ
ʱţҶԽԽ˼˼ˣںܶ϶Ŷļ⣬̸ҶǳϾҶĺ֪ܶʶӺϳɣûʵ֮ǰںܶ϶һ֪⣬˼˼һֻ֮ҪЩȫˣڸԻþ޴棬ɱʲô󡣳˼˼ҲҶԨ֪ʶرǵĵǧϵĻʱҶǱֳһʦ緶ĳ˼˼һһġϾҶСʦĽ̵ѧ黭ƽʱ깦Ҫôǵ黭Ҫôʦ壬߾ʦ˵£ʮĽӯҶŬ黭Ѿﵽһܸߵľ磬гΪʦʸ
˲죬Ĩȥϵ֬˼˼̾һϯʤʮ鰡벻ϻôߵ裡
ʦȱ佱ˣҶǺš
Ҷͷû뵽˼˼ôߵ۳˼˼ҶϿҵ˵ģû˵㣬ҪүӺģһ㼫ΪȤģ
ү˭
ҶȻʵǺǣ˵Ҳʶ


328 ƷŮʦ3
ں͵Ľǳ˼˼ĿΣҶ߹תǾͿ˵ֱſα첽ȥҶЦǺǵĺʦã
˼˼ͷЦӯӯҶ㣬ϵ,ʱһ˿ҧ´Ʈ˵ͷֱǰȥ
ϳ˼˼ĿǺɵģӿεҲӲĿΣȻÿ90%ϵĿϾɫʦһѧѧϰļǺѼģΣ⿴һ־޴ܡ
ҶĿ֣δϹҶ񣬵˼˼ܸܵƵĿ⣬ڿѣĸоʮĿμûнôۡ
¿κͼߵѧ䣬͸æܵˡҶ㣬ϵػӦѧк˼˼ıӰܿʧǵ֮С
ʦ쿴еֵֹġ
ԬǿڴŽʣһżʵǳ˼˼⡣飬ҶеԼ칫ң˵һζԻ
׼ȹδһأ
˼˼żɽ
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Ҷ㱻˼˼̸ģиˡֻŸˣûϵʦʣһʱץ˺һ˵׼úѧϰ
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Ҷ㿴һʦ֪ش
Ͱ΢ЦòõЦݻѧĽ顣ľĺܺãѧϰϵ飬оĻмƻ˼ƻϸռƻȥֻȡĳɼ˵𣿡
Ҷ˵ԡڻشпġ
ش̫죬˼˼ʦǳ˼˼ʦû˵ƣûšһѧÿ۾ᡣ
ڲؼŻشңȥƶһʵеѧϰƻҿȻأϸռƻȥ
Ҷмؿһʦʦ΢Ц
ѧϰƻҪзܶĿ꣬ÿŹ׼ٷ֣׼ڰռʲôΡ̫ߣӰԼѧϰͷҲ̫ͣû塣ҪͨŬܹﵽĿꡣ
Ҷߺ󣬸˼˼ѵʦˡ죬ʮ꣬λϽڡ˼˼ܶʱ򣬳˼˼ġ
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˼˼ЦӣΪ˵棬ӦƵĻش𣬴ӡ
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쿴ų˼˼˵գв޶ʼɵ˵
˼˼룬ѽİ
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Ļǽ͵ˣɶҲøˡ
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˼˼΢΢һЦ˵˵ǲͬǷԡ
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쿴˼˼˵ЩΣ΢΢һ٣˵ȥҳᣬκӹļҳϯˡκӹõܣ岮֡κӹİְڼңҽԺҹ࣬벻٣ԣκӹİϯǴμҳᡣ˭֪һ㣬ͱסˡ⼸ңΪܣ˵棬ʶһ¡
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˼˼ж첻ţκҲ⣬˼ûֱ˵ǣת˵
Сʲôѽ24˰ɣ
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ҵȻ֪Ů˭İңȫУʦû֪ġ
˼˼ɬЦֵͷġ
24꣬õ䰡껪հˣҿҲϲء
˿˵
˼˼εϲ죬ĸңһ߲״Ůӣ˭ϲ˿䣿˼˼Ҳ⡣
ʣ˵ⷬĿģʵó˼˼ϲ˼˼ϲóû˵¶ҵǼһɡɲûϵʹǷ治ɣҲͨѶ·˵ǲǣ
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С󣬳˼˼ڰǰһԡӡ˽ͥĿԣС󣬴ӲſҪǮѧʱ·ƽġʳӵԼ㻨Ǯͬѧǰܵ͵ʱŮȣһҹ
ǰ˼˼һδŵĻǶ䣬Ȼ㣬رע⡣пʼرǳԺĻչ޶Ŀˡʻʢⲻз˼˼أҲ԰ӲκɫǰԶһׯصģ࣬Ȼһ崿ŮӣԶԶأĤݡ
ȻҲһЩӺܸߣСһŮģҪǰչ¶һºÿë䣬ӣǣնЧ顣
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Ǹʲôк ˼˼екһصк
к˧˧ģģĿ࣬ˬˬЩԵЩᣬȴΪģΨհǰĪ죬һ˿һ˿棬ֺͽɿɰԡ߷ְֿɰкԺǾҶ㡣
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329 ƷŮʦ3
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ڣŤ˿ԼԶԼ


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331 ɽ루1
ĵĹһܣŪҶֻͯϷйΣÿͯﶼŪȥҪֲҪֻŵȺλҪʰҶ.Ҷͼһֱ鿴ϰ˵ŻֲⷿͯҶֻԼؿշһС֮ڣĴ󲮴в֪ʱһ˿дְִͷͨ鵽ƺҲ˺ѵһ£ڶŮǣҵҲִ֪˭֡
˼˼ҪҶһٴͣдԷҶȻ֮ãԼȥԷܿ쵽Լʱ䣬˼˼ҲûרŴ磬ʵһÿ˿ˮ
ȻѾ·ڸǰͦΣȻԳ޵еģҶҲ⴩óһЩñ˿Ǹѧ
ʦϵһ𣬲ʶ˸˼˼ʣʹᳬʮ꣬Ҷ˿ʵͲࡣ
߽ǱĺƵʱʺĽĿ⣬Ƕų˼˼Ŀ⣬ʹ˼˼Ѿ߹ȥˣıӰעĿ
ԱվŻԼź˵ˣ޷˼˼ȥҾþòԸ뿪ʹüСŮ˺޲ҪǵĶšŽǵǿŤ˻
˷Ҷ˼˼Ӱǳ˼˼˵Ҫؼҿ裬Ҷ˵Һһȥ
˼˼ϴҶȥԼҵ飬Щ죬ΪҶ֮˼˼˼˼óʱ䡣˼˼˵ʲôԼҲĳ޷ϸȥ˵ɫҲˣȥɣҲϢˡ
ãúϢ
Ҷ㿴ĳ˼˼һǡǺðɣϺúϢ˾ȥɽ

˼˼ҲҶ㡣
ϣ˼˼ˣУҶ㾹ȻˣԼҲصѧʱ˼ȽϱصȻεҶ󵨵ץ35eľ˶ѧʱûزеĳ˼˼ȴóеԼӵڵģҶز޼ɵظʱȻʮܣҶǴ󵨵ضĸ֮йҪʼʱ򣬳˼˼ȴˡ
˼˼һ糺죬ڿ㴦һһֵĻԼǻȵڵȴ൱ζԭָоôġ
ԭŮҲǻεģ˼˼ǸŮˣȻҲΣȻǴŮеŮˣҲٻӴԷ֪ʶȻҲΣŮΣҲһεһЩ̼Ķ
Ҷ֪˼˼ζμһнɣҪҲҪһʦΣҲǴ١
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һ磬ҶһѳԵĶ˼˼ȻûľǶҲûˣлɢɢģǱȽϸ˵ģҶ㵥һҲûִ֪ҶΪԼãҲ⵽תתһСʱҶѳĽ˼˼ڿȹݵһ˼Ҳ˲٣һ·ҲûˣҶ˵ЦҶĿֺ붺֮ԵüΪˡ
ﲢûзִԴȻĻԴȴǶ޷ġҶʵɽվɽϺһ´Ȼʿֻǽк㷢е֮顣
˵ɽȻܺЩΡ׳ĸɽɽȣɽֻһǧסֻ֮⣬ҶֻһȫǳԵĺȵģķ˵ȻҶǴɽϳͷ
ɽǺֵܿ飬аʱֻһˣͻģˡһ˶Ǻпĵ顣ﲢηĵطûʲôעĿľ㣬˺
ͣķáûʤżûʯΪѽ죬˺ܶľѾʼ˥ˡ羰˵ܺãûˮ·ų̂סûзݽụ̂ʵʵĴȻԭ̬Ƭ棬ʵҲǺƯġ
ߵ·Ȼû޽·ãȴҲмѭǰ˵㼣Ѹָ˵·ּͣͣѾһСɽˡ
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벻վɽϿԭ˵Ѿüˣȴûɽлл1.˼˼ͻȻ˸߲ҵ˵ţǵڴ˿ѾټѰ
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۾ĴڣڵӰ̫ˡԣʱ۾ܹõͷš
˾վɽϡûȥ羰ûֻ࣬ǷŷԼ˼ɶɽ紵ɽȵĺХ֦Ϥв֪ںδĶ˵Ȫˮ
һ̣Ҷ·ִ˵С̨徲⡱ĸоԼѾһˣǺȻںһûҶ㡢û˳˼˼ҶǴȻһȫ˺һ
ĸо̩ǻҲ·õ˿˵ܶ໤ڵľѧǰһֱ־䣬ڶֻȻʡд𰸵ĸоҸľͻȻһأԴͻķ߲㣬þ֮ľȻٶȲڱľѾЩľܺͻĶˡ
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Ҷ۾ų˼˼΢Ц˵о治Ժпһö˼㣬Ժпô
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ôĸпˣ˵ף𻯵ɣҲֻһĸоѣɽ󣬻ǻصʵȥġ
˼˼Ц߰ɣͣᶳðġǼʵأǳԵ㶫ټأ
Ҷ㿴˿ʱ䣬ʮһ㣬һ첻Զ˵Ҳʲô˵£ովǣȻǣǳ˼˼ûôõʣǳԵ㶫ټɣǾɽȥ´˵еġᵱһɽСĸо
ϻûԶĳ˼˼1Ȼͬʹ1ŵסҲŲסˣûôԶ˵ƽʱٶ˵·̲Զǳ˼˼㺹ˡ
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Ҷ㱻ԼϷŪ˼˼ȫ΢Цǰһʧʱ˿ϹŶ˵΢Цĵ΢Ц
ɽһɽСʱ֮һߵķ嶥ȻǵĿ
ҪʵǵɽѾǰˣǿΪߵˣҲΪʼߵĺΣ˼˼ٶԽԽ
Ÿ߶ȵҰøӿԿԶĵطǳ˼˼ѾʼˣҶ㻹϶һƨˡ
ʵһ룬˼˼һʯͷ棬˵ȥˣ߲ۣˣҪϢϢϢ
Ϣʮӣ˵õһĻָҲеˣ˼˼̧ͷ˿ɽ壬ҧ˵߰ɣҲ䣬ǽ
װʳĴֻصҶϣಽĸ˼˼ĽŲСĻšһСʱ󣬳˼˼ֲּסˣŲ٣Ҷ㲻ǷһԼֲ
ϢɣǾͲˣСֲЦ㣬ǲںֻں̡
˵ҶǿӲų˼˼һƽ̹
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ݸ˼˼һƿȪˮҶҲ
֪ɽۣǻû뵽ôۣĶ̫ˡ
Ŵϯضĳ˼˼ţȫǰա


332  ɽ루2
أۡ
һ£˼˼;ȫɢƵģҲ᲻һˡ
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ݸ˼˼һƿȪˮҶҲ
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ȡ˼Զ֮תһߣԶɽȻǸһɽСĸо
еءЧãǵ˺ܸߵɽϣʵվĵطûжߡ㣬ҸռŽǶȺõģˡ
ҶŽǶȰ˼˼ա
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Ҷ㻹ڰҡͷеʱͻȻ˼˼һоʵôˣṦɿ֮ȥǴ󺰵㣬ôˣ㣬ôˣ
ԭΪѰһ֮˼˼ߵһƫƧĵطһбֻа׵ïܴߣȥʱȴСĲȵһԲʯͷϣĲȵһ㣬ŲһѾб£ʱѿڶ
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һ飬ų˼˼ҶϽˡ
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333  ɽ루3
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ҲϽԼڴûнˮĶûп԰æġ

˼˼ҵһֽǸģæųݸҶ㡣
Ҷ۾һҶʲôȻܸɱϾ񣬲һܹȼģֽͺúܶˡֽһƿȻһ𣬼ʯͷڱôµϣȽӣô˼ʮΣھСûеȼʧһǰֽȼˡ
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334  ɽ루4
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Ȼˣ󣬳˼˼ҲѸٻָ˳̬˵ΣѲ˵ĵĽ𽥼١
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ҶСţﱥġ
ҶĻ˼˼ееװ˵ôۣƾǲһ£
תȻҶ㾹ȻС㶼ˣɵͺһ̹ȻȻǵһļ⣬תȥ͸ˣʵô֪ҵĽˣ
ų˼˼תҶЦһǷͷĵһĪʧ̾һС˵ֻǲµġڲ֮һֱûʱ·Ҳе㲻㡣㣬ȾΪŤˣԲŻģ
˵߿˳˼˼Ҳ̧ͷԼæεס棺
Ϊסأ˴СܵĽγɵıܷӦҶ㾪֮£Լ֦һӱ֦ײˡ
˼˼ԭҲеεģϾ˲ѾϤŮѣǿҶķӦı飬ٿ֦ػģ̲ס꣬һЦ
ʲôòصģֲûС·ˣ
ȻҶ˼ɣȴԼѾNˣæתߡ
˼˼ĻҶæ֦֦ƿˣ˼˼ٴεͷСʵĽ𣿡
³˼˼ٴοÿĶ˵Ϳת
ǺأǲȵǸʯͷŤһ²Żġû£أҾ˵ˡ
ٴμǺ˵⣬˼˼βû̧ͷ
Ҷ֪Լ˵ΪأԼģĬĬš
ҶŲһ壬ץס˳˼˼ѾЬ㣬ƾŸղŵļ䣬Ӧˣʵһֻ԰ɣ
š
˼˼ףҶ㿴СӦ˾䡣
⻬ҶǷǣϸţʵ
Ҫȥһ㡣
ԼĽŶҶץ˼˼Ҳûֱӵ˵ʹ
ȸһɣ֤һͲˡ
Ҷ㱧ڻЩѨļʦѴ˸һˣ˵ʱֵ
Ϊűų˼˼ĽĦó˼˼ֱӵĿ壬Ľ棬һСľ˸ϸס㲻ȥҲСһ̲סСѵιڿûУִܲóţ
Ҷͷһ˵ʲôɺЦղ˭˵ֲû
˼˼ﷴƤҡһ£æת۾~ҶĽŷ£ȻԼڿ㣬ѾˣæٵĴ˳㿴˿ȿ£Ҳϸˡ
㣬¸ˣȸ㻻ϰɣҸ㿾ȥĻġ
Ҷ·˹ȥûתͷѵϵ㷭һٿ
˼˼СӦһ䣬ǾΣֽ˵ͷ
ҶЦ˵ģֲû
ȥģ
˼˼Сһ䣬ϤϤĻ
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Ҳ˲ö룬ɬСµݸҶ㡣
Ϊ˱ΣҶҲ˲ÿԼ·ڱϿ֦ų˼˼·һ㿾Ȱ·˵ŵסɲ˼˼Ҳŵס
С
˼˼ĻеŽ߻ǰеݸҶ㡣
ҶûлͷλɵĽӹ˼˼Ķһ֪Ĳ㣬ȴһСڿ㣡
̲֮࣬סͷ˳˼˼һۡ
ʲô
˼˼һ䣬Լ¸סӡ
ٺ٣ΪԲĿӾܰСأ
ʼ磬ҶתͷڵЦ
ҶС˿СµǸ֦ϣһȥ
߷ԲһûдССĴҶ޷Ҫҽڻͷ
Ϊ˶Լ˼룬ֻ˵תע㣬ֻûźˣҲֻõûг·ǵùһӵԭʼˡ
ҶĻ˼˼Ĭһ˵Բ𣬶㣬λ˾ңͲˡ
ѧ߻Լ˼Ҷæ˵Ҳ˼ģһȥġ
˼˼̾һҲСľͲˣһ㣬㣬Ѿˤˣô˵ңûлȥҲνֻ㡣
Ҷ㶯˶ڣʲôҲû˵ʵƾ֮ҪȥǲôѵģôõĶᣬʧȥˡ
㣬𡣿ˤ䣬һ᲻һеȥס㣬סҲѡһˤȥԼһ档ʲôҶһԣ
κҶŴ˵
иͬͬͬͬ빲
ĳ˼˼ûлشҶĻǰҶ֮䷢ЩȽ£һֱȻòڣǲ֪ΪȴһĪǹ˼Լʱʦʱѧ˵ѡҶġҶܲ˵жʱƭ˵ģҶӰԽߴҶҲԽᡣ
һ̣˶ӽĸ˶Է˼ҪԵĽѾ˵һˡ
ʱʤʱ䣬ȴƫƫô죬ΪҶʱֱһɹζԼ֮ĺг
ζոմʱ˶û⣬һ˿Ц⿴ŶԷȥ˵ƣȥ⣬ֻǰͨʱ⡣
ǹζŨɽˮԴ֮أǲζġ˼˼һ±ӣһ䣺ʲôζŵûУ
ţйʲôζ
ҶȻϣֻʱӣԾĿų˼˼

Ҷ㷢ԣ˼˼ѾеһĻҶϻͷҲ˲ԾϽ֦һӣЬĴŻ·
Ϊתͷȥų˼˼˵棬֪˶ã֦·֣ҲͿʼƫˡҪó˼˼·㿾ãȻǰ֦ŵ·ñȽѣŵĹǻûȫɵ·ŵζ
Ҷѻ𣬷ֳ˼˼С¶Ѿյ˰ֱС㡣ѾճһСˣͲٴˡ
Ҷ֮ʣ֦һǼҲŻ˵¡ãֻܴһ֣յǰһ֡
Բ𰡣ҡˡ
ҶǼܴ£ų˼˼εչʾţҪ˵ʱǾǺƾĹø϶Ҳգһۣǲô˵ô˵ܲ˵˼ҿ㿴ˣҲ̫ˡ
˼˼չʾ£ֺЦҪ˵ǹģջ˵ŮıﰡĶãƫƫ˵ǹģҲӦòôĿŵİɣ
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˼˼Цһ£ȻЦ˵
ǹİûյ·𰡡
Ҷ㺹գﰵСյС¿㡣ǵȻûС¿㴩ˣǲͳ룬̾ԼôʹҲû뵽ķأڿⰡ
Ҳܣջ˵㴩Ҵ
˼˼ϵ£ʾҶỹˣûлȥ֮ǰǲỹ
Ҷȳ˼˼ߡ·ڳ˼˼ϣ϶ȽϿġⲻһTرů£ԼϣеڡؼNŵĳ˼˼ϣȻǰݺݵس
·Ķ·ԿûСԼ˼£ԼԿɫ㣡Ҷһ¿ˮų˼˼СĵҴҴ˵㴩Ļ϶Ầҷġ
˼˼֪Ķĵ߷߲ѵƨһ£˼븴ӣնĻҪ㣡
ΪŤˣֻܶܶҽţ̧Ҷʱһ̧ȣøѸٵĻ䵽˵£Ĵڻӳ£Եð͸죬ҶţΡ
㡭
㻹
˼˼һüë
ûἸŶУǳ⡢ǳܡ
ŹؼλŵҶϣǰ龰þá
⻹ࡣ
˼˼ЦЦüͷƤ˵ŰǱӴ
û⡭
Ҷ촽˵û㰡ڿûдС㣬Ⱪ¶˱ҡ


335  ɽ루5
˵꣬˼˼ѾӦ˹µ㣬ѾֻܸסԼһˣһȫ⣬˵ʱѾؽˣ
æסԼȣȻһ䣬ź촽СӣûİŲһ㵽ˮ̶ȥһ£
ҶǺ㰡úƭ㽿ƵġԾɰˬţͳ˼˼εζֱͱˣ
ˣôûи𣿡
˼˼ԼǼ£޸̾˵
ҶЦһǲˣһĻͲǿҪ֫ˡ
о˼˼Ѿˣѻů·˹ȥһ¡
УôҴģ
˼˼Ȼҡͷ
ı¹ηΣҶЦԷǵĸоЦ㻻סʪӸң㿴ţ˵˼븴ӣҿٺ١˼˼գҶһȭ㻮Գǿǻࡣ
ӹԼ·ѸٵĻʪĿӵݸҶ㡣~Ҷ㿾ˣǸԴ˿ӣε١ֻë¡ףûô׿ɣůͣǳȥ⻹ǺģҶ»Ǳ˼˼ռˡҪĶѾˣҶûſˣסë¡ӷ˲ĻΧɡ
Ҷͳ˼˼ѿݲȫ̿ŪһԹ˯µĵֻ̡Ϊ˱ݲݱȼԼճɿͻѱһľ룬ˮ̶Ҫе롣˯µĵطѾˡ
ȪˮɿΨһеʳ˷ųһ㣬Ҷԡˮû⣬кȲȪˮϴ衢ӾˣǳԵľûбˡûʲôҰ֮ʳ˼˼ڶļɿʳˣû뿪֮ǰȻܶԡ
ô죿ѾˣǾţȿ·ٳȥҳ·
˼˼Ҷ㡣
ҶְĦһףȻȫκãҲûдˡ
·ڱ飬ʵҲûг·ӻʱ£г·ҲȻȥ˵ֻҪ˶ţҲġ
Ҷڿ·ʱҲŰ취ôȥղżοΡʰʱľ۲죬ɽȣѾһϤԺ棬ѾֳܹɽȵεȫòȻûгȥﻹǲʱ˼ͻƿڡ
ڳ˼˼Ա£οģһٳȥ϶ֳ·ġ
˼˼Цһֻôûźأɽϻźأ
ĳ˼˼ˣҶԼΪһˣһҪϣץס֣Ц˵㣬İɣʲôѵõҵģڲﵱһζȼ٣һ̽գ룬Ҫľ鶼δаǳȥˣԺŪһ·ȼ١
˼˼Ҳ֪ʱԼܶ˵ɥĻ΢΢һЦðҲǵˣԺлپɵΡܸ˵Ŷ
Ȼ֮ܡϢһ°ɣϢ˲
˵ͷҶ΢Ц
˼˼һЦʰ׾ǵĳ˹ҵջˣֹ˯ѵʲôɸ˵ͼ֮ɫǻҲŲ˯ء
ٺ٣ɫǣҪ˯˲ŸҶھɫ㣡
ЦҶЦ§ס˳˼˼
˶ЦһӴûЦˣ˵ļӿ࣬Ҳһ㡣
Ҷ˼ڴӳ˼˼۾棬Ҳһ˿ҡԥڴڶһ֮ûٶԥߵȥ
Ѿʱ򣬳˼˼Ҳû̬ԽԽ촽ĺԽ٣Ǵ޹ġŮķӦһҶıı۾
ҶȻѾŮܽӴǳ˼˼ݸ˶һ⡰ɽ㡱͡ʦݣͻ١˿Գ˼˼۾˷ܡǼ
˼˼ͬѣˡɵܵܡ͡ѧ֮⣬Ҷ㻹ŮѣȼִŸӵԴҲҵһЩҰοĻǽǶѣ֪ܲܳȥأܳȥĻͿˣʲôù˼ɵģ˵Ϊ˾Ҳŵģû˵ҶѾˣǰɣҲ
Ҷ촽˼˼촽ʱҶ§ŵһ¡
ҶĴǳ˫촽ա۾Ǽ⡢°͡һһǡ
һ·ǣñ۾س˼˼ȫĿڲݵ档һҶ֣һ鲻ԽȦĲӡ
Ҷ̵һ֮󡣲ְ촽ķ˳˼˼ĴϣһΡѵˮˣڳ˼˼û׼֮ʣѾʼ˱ӣǵңͷ˿յأ̴֮С
ĹͻȻó˼˼еʼϲʱ֪ϣҲֻбĻӦˡֻ׻ϸ۵ĶС࣬һҶͷ͸Ͻܿһ
Ҷ˫ֶѾס塣غĸϵĹȻң촽Ϯ˫ͷҺв׽Сࡣͷ׷𣬾ͺһˮϷһ㣬Ͼڳ˼˼СӣСڵƣҲܣܿͷ;һˡ
ǳǵĸоô!˼˼淺ͷ
ŮӶڽǷǳصģǲǴĽǵԺ棬밮ܵĽ彻
ҶĿ֮ǣҲ˳˼˼飬ѾɬŮˣһ塢ѾŮԣڽǣһˣͲŤŤʼıرܣֻΪûоѡɽǲҪѧϰģֻҪһ߾ѾȻĶˣҶһ࣬ѾʼеĻˡ
ǰĻȼյ洫ˣѾŮӾȲѡ
ҶĴһ̲ͣڳ˼˼ĺ󱳸ţ˼˼оԼúܽѾһƵġҲ֪Ϊ̫Ϊ̫ҡ̫־ˣое㴭ˡ
˼˼ŬһͷԼҶɿһ㡣
ôˣ
Ҷ㴭Ŵʵһ̶Ըֿͣе㾪㵡ڻӳ£־˵ջ֮Ϊ֮𺳡
˼˼ʮСûί˵Ҵ֮ĻֻĵȻһЦû˵һߴһҶ㡣


336  ɽ루6
ǰĻȼյ洫ˣѾŮӾȲѡ
ҶĴһ̲ͣڳ˼˼ĺ󱳸ţ˼˼оԼúܽѾһƵġҲ֪Ϊ̫Ϊ̫ҡ̫־ˣое㴭ˡ
˼˼ŬһͷԼҶɿһ㡣
ôˣ
Ҷ㴭Ŵʵһ̶Ըֿͣе㾪㵡ڻӳ£־˵ջ֮Ϊ֮𺳡
˼˼ʮСûί˵Ҵ֮ĻֻĵȻһЦû˵һߴһҶ㡣
Ȼûľ飬ǴӸղҶĶ棬Ѿ򵽴룬ԣûͣҲûֱӵʪǣȥҶҶĴҶĶͷȴԴԼһϢʱ䡣
ڳ˼˼ķӦҶǼеɬȻĽʦ̲סˣסļľǰϸϸǡҲپںˣʼ˸̽
˼˼ĻӦѾһȷźţû׷ԼЩʲôһֱӸж
Ҷûд£˼˼ϴ¡滹ûС£˵ĥ֮ʣһѵԾ˵ѾʵʵĶҶǰˣ޵ӣңҲ·ֱӵĴС
ѾӺǰ棬Ӹ·ס޷յķ˶֮·⣬ϸСһθоԽʦᡣ
¼й˼˼ͷҶļ棬ҧأʱһ£Ҳĺϸϸš
ߵᴭҶѪ˷ڣһһ٣ѳ˼˼ȫȫȻֿ˫ȣԼ䡣˼˼æסĲӣԼˤˣǾʹɷ羰ˡ
˰ѳ˼˼סҶס촽˫ֱӴ·̽룬·ߣ¶һ԰Ȼķͦ壡
ѾõҶĸ顢ϵİ˫˫ߣǻ弡ĵָУС
˫ֵĻȰеĳ˼˼Ҳӵ
Ҷ㣬Ѿ̲סˣ촽˳˼˼㴽°͡ؿڣһ·£ͷ֬ϣһ촽۵İͻȵȼա
ٱҶ㺬סʱ򣬳˼˼Ҳɵñסͷ۾
ҶȣΪ΢ķֶƶҶļ£ǻ۵ƨɵ⽿һ㻬ϸ弡ʮ⣬ץζԡ
أ
ʵȴ缺ԣĵĴ˵Ϯܲ˼˼ڿС

һֻһ룬˼˼ϽסԼС죬Ҷ´ҴҶ⣬˳Ử䣬˶͸ۣȫչ¶Ҷǰ
ôԲ
ҶĴּḧס˳˼˼塣
ȻеղסĸоҶо̡ͦۻˬԡָһòǶ˵̺콾͹𣬳˼˼Ӷʱһ΢΢Ĳİ˶ﻹסϢݣ
ܸоҶָѾĶˣ֡顢ԵĴоһ
˼˼̵̣ѩ׵ֵĸоҶ強һ㣬Ǻܲζ˼˼ǻԲ̵ܸ˼˼ϸϸʽУջҶԣöľҶ㽫˼˼屧һת۵óˮѩϸϸһȴڳ˼˼Сϡ˵һѩ׽۵ƨɸ߸ҶǸӲĵط
˼˼úܣȥĽҶİӷۻħֵ߶΢΢ţûƣ鴥ĸоûŤͣ˼˼ҧᴽϢ٣ǿסԼˬѾ˿ܵı
ҶѾŵСȥԼĽأѾ˺ܲķӦú죬ܺߣԼķӦ̽쵽ƫƫʹÿĥ˵֣˿Сѻ˫ϥ䣬ȷҲǣҲǣֻѩ˵ΣŪԸ˵ĽƣҶ͵ĥ䡣
޷ңҶƺֻŪ壬һַ˼˼󶯣ͼܣѩۻƬò¶ȣգԽԽҪˣµ˶ŤѪҺڷڣļ岻ϵ㺹̼Լ񾭣еƬ׻ĽشǻĦ̼ϵڼǿľĴ̼ŤڴϢòĽѾȼգޱȵĳǿѾܲˣ޲̽εεʦýƬײ
˼˼оĴִȣһԹػعͷ˿Ҷ㣬ջǵֲҶȵ𣬻عͷ
Ҷ֪뷨ǻȷڵĳ嶯ЪϢǵģܴ̼һòޱȵʦ۳ͿƲסԼġ
Ļܰһ˿ܵĴ̼ͳ嶯ƺһɴĴ
ʦˣ
Ҷ㻹һ˳˼˼ؽԼĴִɼĥһ£ҲѾҪ˰ɡôʪ¶մë׵طݵء
ܸоԼ׵ؼĨխоǿҡ̼ǵ󣬼ֱֱ޵˼㣬һ㡣ҪǰҪﵽůҪȫСģᣬȴоİһϮ
š
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Ҷǿ԰ססĻȴ̼Ϊ˲סȻһͦоǲ㱡赲˲ƣһõƺѹֵĽͬʱ𣬱ȫĸоֱ÷죬ĻգϢĸ߳
Ƽüĳ˼˼˼˼ɫ죬ȴûʹɫס糱Уϧһ£㣬𣿡
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˼˼Ťһ˶Ū䣬Ҷ˼˼붼벻ģµĹ˼˼Ķͬϸ΢壬ʪÿһεĽɹǵĿ֡
˴˿̵ƺůܽ˼˼˿ҧȹǣ̵ɢ˿˿õ㡣
촽ĵϣ´ķʽʹʪó˼˼ĽɢˡҶػϣڸоǻȵĳʵǵظо¶ҲԼһ˿ҪǿһЩѹԼҶôͲһ飬ߵŤŤѩ׵ķΡʵĿ̲סᣬ̽ûʹֻдش̼ɬİʾ
óµ˶Ѿȫ죬۲˿תҶ񼤵ҶޱȿܣƺѾӦĻ½ĽǣҲȼеĽˣӿٶȣҲǿ
صĴϢ,֯ɽҶĶԽԽ󡣳˼˼ҲԽԽ󣬽ȼգǿ׳Ҷ㲻֪ƣشţҵĳײˮ˰Ĵ̼һǿһҪܲҪ촽ҧסҵ½ǣֽſڵϡϵĺ쳱ÿҪγˮڲĻȵȼ߷彿һ굴ǵ˽غȻü٣Ȼǿ糱ĵ߷һΣĲ˵ı飬˱ٱҶ㣬ӿ˳˫ֱסѩ׵طη̣ͻȻ﷢һƺߣѹõõͷţǿ˶ˮһĳµĽ˶ڶΣ¶뺹ˮճõĴϢһ𡭡
գΪһʱûˣƲûб֮ǰӵǴʱӵĻˣֲ飬ĵȡ
ȻŪǱϾĿݲݣ˯˺ܾˣѾſſˡݵػǻ̼壬ԣ˵¡׷뿪壬ǼѾɶװ£һ̵˿ݲ档


337
ǺǣԺˣôȥɣ
˼˼ļ档ЦŹ˵ǿŶ
Ҷ㰲ο§Ц˵Ϣһ°ɣղ̫ˡ
ȥҲء
Ҷ۾ͳ˼˼ͷһ˾û˵Ժûֹͣ˼ںͳ˼˼ʱĳ˲䣬Ժ·һЩصĻ棬ǻģ˵ʲôǸʱȻҲû˼ȥաϸһ룬ֵľɽȡ
Ϊʲôɽأ
ңɽȸղŲѯѾˣΪʲôֵĻģģĻأ
һƬңҲ֪Ϊλ뷨
Ҷһͷѵǡ
ѵʲôϡŹֵĶѵǲر֮أѵؼ
Ҷתָ뷨ԽԽ˷ܣɽȺǸأȻγɵģ˼ν˲ر֮صѡ׼ٳȥһ뵽ǲʲôתͷˣȲ̽̽˵Ϫˮ㣬ʳﻹʱȱûΣա
ȻӦǲܵģǲһֲģڵ书˵ԴӾ֮Щʲô˸ӦҲӦģܲ᲻סĪֳЩ棬뷨ٴμᶨ˺̽һ뷨
ǴаɣȻã˵컹һɽأֻ߸סأ˵ע⣬ǵϣʹһ㡣
˼˼Ļ˳˼еҶ㡭
˼˼ǳ֮ˣûСŮһϣҶϡҶͺ;鶼Ҷ˼ʱԼҲڲͣķ˼
о
Ҷ΢΢һЦȻɽ֮У˵ԴȥȽԶͬģԶˣҲ֪ʲôطҴĻһܽȣ߸ɽȡһʯ֮ĶˣҲҵ
Ҵɽһ·Ҳûˣô죬˭Ա˷û¸ȥɽҲûпʲôɽӣеĻҲ˷
ûɨ˼˼ˣǿһ°ɣţҳȥһ¡
š
˼˼ĿͷӦҶȴϳȥǿʼ·
ҪСעⰡ
˼˼̿˵ϧ㴩ĲǺڿ㰡
ҶҲԾ˼άŪЦҪǴĺڿ㣬ҾͰ棬Ȼɳȥˡ
Ҫûˣ㱼Сİ㶳ɱ
˼˼Ŀ
Ҷû˵ȫѹ·ڿҲˡ
Ҫ˰ɣ˼˼һ죬һڣ·ˡ
Ǻǣ㣬ˣ취ȥǸˣҪĻǻȥڴ϶ů
ȥģ
˼˼¶СŮ̬˼˼ĿڵϿʼٵԳţȴС͵˦˦ȥʱ棬ֺЦ־֡
ҶٵһٴθԳţȻȭȵҲʼ뵽һ취ˮ̶¿϶дʯͷȥһЩʯͷǾȥˡ
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˼˼˼˵жٴʯͷô෽εʯͷܹʮ׸𣿶ˮ㶳˵ģ
Ҷգգ۾İɣҲµģҾԼ£Ҳ㰡ԣңҲµġû㹻Ĵʯͷһ£ô֪أ
˼˼üͷܷҲ֧֣
Ҷǰͷһ£˵㣬ѾˣҪôڸҶһҪôǳȥ֮󣬸һ㽱
˼˼ԼǰոջΪС̧ͷļһڣε˵Сһ㣬̫˾Ͻ𡭡
Ҷͷ㱼ȥˣһ߿ҶӰһ߸Ͻ֦ȥ棬ûһ㣬ԱҶ~Ҷ㲢Ѫղŵһ˶壬ȻҲᶳװһֵָģһж¶ˣó˼˼ʲô뷨ɲãȻҶѾõ壬ִŮԿʲô£ʦҶ׼һӰģֲܱ¶书Ҷֻ˶˼άˡԺôͣǾԺˡ
Ҷˮ̶ϣȻѾһ˶ɽ㱼ѾǺ̹ǵĸоˡҪ㱼ҪȥӾˮǰһ̣˼˼ĺܵĻ᲻Ҷ񹦻壬Ҷ϶ҲûǸµѾǱȥˣ㲻Ϊ˳ȥҲ淢ı仯ŨȤϾΧɽѾ̽ˣƾѧܶ϶Χɽвûʲôأɽֱأô;ˮ¡
ϪˮǳҶ̤ˮУȻһű̶ˮӿٶˮ̶ȥˮѾ䡣̹ǵıССһСأ˿ûӰԺ񹦴󷢣æ˹סҪ
Ϊ˳ȥΪܡҶҧӿٶȼˮ̶мȥ
ˮѾزൽˤĵطˡΪ·߶һЩɳһС֮⣬ˮǷǳ峺ģˮܿʯ顣
ҶʱҲ˲õһʯͷˣһԼˮ£ȻϽסһʯͷˮʯͷˮиģʯͷһٳˮʱ򡣾ҪȫԼˣƾĹͲں⼸ʯͷ׵ͰʯͷϪ˹ȥ
ˮһѾûôˣΪ˰ȫԾɲҵҳǿֱϪף˭֪᲻ʲôǷıʩ
Ѿˮ̶߽˼ˮѾˡǵżȻȥѰҵһĥ̴ľʯ
ǵĿʯͷȥĻԸһ׶ظ߶ȡΪ޴Ҷһˮһذ£Ȼ޷䱧
ʯͷһЩ֦ľͷĸǿɵذֻҶѾû˼ȥŪôˣˮױ˼˼ĵĽкֲֵֻܱ̫÷ķʽʯͷһһǳˮĵطŲ
Ҷˮˣƴİһʯͷ˼˼۵ĽˣȥʯͷûҹѾˣΪˮ̶棬㹻ʯͷǻһоɣ
ҶͷЦЦʲôҲû˵ٴѾƵϪߵľʯķϰߡȻʯͷϢĿⶢˮ̶
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˼˼ȵĵɴ۾bsp;棡
ҶָָʯȪˮԴϡϡͣȪˮʱԽԽ١
˼˼ͣŵĿǰ̲סһ䣺ʲôˣ
ֻǰ˼ʯͷѡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦЩ黹ûԤ⣬ģĻȻôһ£ƾŶɽȵ̽ҲԤİ˾ŲʮˣķˣһͬʱҲЩʲôˡ


338
ѽȥ
˼˼վһ䡣
Ȼ񹦻壬ǱϾ캮ضģ⻹һֱϮ˰翪ʼϵˮ飬ٴ½
ҶҲеܲˣ첽ܻվ˻ǰ
ʱ˿Сɽֻˮ̶ѾûȪˮˡˮ̶ˮԱȽϿٶʧ
˼˼˵£Ҷһϸϵˮ顣
էէů֮䣬øղȥûжµҶе㷢~ôѽ
˼˼ٵİϵˮ̲סѯʵ
Сʱֳ˳·ֻʣһƤһήҵС񣬴ŹĵԹϷʵ˵ûһ㷴ӦˣԺ󶼲ˣô죿
ޡޡޡѻ찡ô᲻У
Ҷ񺹣İˣǴⰡ
˼˼ʼǿЦǿҶķӦٿﶫʵСҲе㵣ģο˵ûµģǶˣůһ¾ͺˡ
ù׸ҶˣȻֶ¿˿ղˮ֮ǰﻹзӦ˵Ϊ֮ǰķŵûзӦġڡ
㡭ůһů
Ҷ˵һ䡣
˼˼е֣ͷһۣⲻٿ𣿻Ҫôů
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ôһ˵ĳ˼˼һѾ뷨һۣе֡ƵӣĶô䡢ûзӦûжԥͷս˼
ҶӸµĿų˼˼촽սȻϡоĳ棬ȻûзӦˡ
˼˼ҲûзӦʼС࣬ɽȪһ壬ûκβõζ̽һ֮󣬻죬ѱĶȫķ档
ůĸоʱҶϵͳһס˳˼˼ͷ˼˼۾Ϸ˿ķӦȻĺŪȻûо飬Ƕʵ̫ήңʲôĸо
Ѫʼһ˿һ˿ӿܸҶ𽥻ůҲйء˼˼Ķʼһһ֪ơѾһЧˣ鲻Խӿһٶȣ촽ͷֻԽͣСĿռͱԽĶҲԽ
ҶһѾ˿ûоɿ鵽ζˡ
ҪܵʱΪעתƶĻȻ˾޴ı仯ǸˮؾȻȫˣҳһعһڡ
ꡭꡭ
죬ůжˣתͷһ۾
˼˼ſ죬һ¿ˮĿ棺ʲô
ҶҲ˲ˣϽ·һصعȥ
Ҷһȼŵ֦ɻѡŻѵʱ˳˼˼ĽŻеСˣȻûˣǹĿ϶Ҫʾһµģ˵ϢɣȥʲôΣգҲ˶档
ҪҵĽûд󰭣Һһȥ
˼˼ץһûյ֦ĿҶ㣬΢΢һЦҧ촽˵Ⱥˣһµġ
ô˵ҶҲûоܾڵŹ֣ҲŪ᲻ʲôı仯ҪʯͻȻʲôģ˼˼Σˣ
ų˼˼ߵǰƳʯͷĵطȻȥ
һʱ䣬ǡꡢꡱѾֹͣˣˮ̶¡˶棬Ϊԭȵˮ̶ȻѾȫˣڿһԲεĿӣǿϢСʯڣȻѾ¶һڡ
ȹ۲һµΣȥܻΣա
Ҷų˼˼վãһַʯڣһ֦֧š
˼˼Ľ˲ǺأϢ˰֮󣬼ҶҲΣѾõòˣ·ȫԵġ
ˣˣҸŽȥܻ鷳ʲôͿʱָ˵֪İȫоһҪСİ
˼˼Ҷ㣬ȻҲܺ棬ռϷ磬˵ԼŲ㣬ǽʱ򣬷ӦҲ϶Ҷ죬ȥֻ
Ҷ˵ͷİɣҿ϶ᶪģҾԲµġ
ʼϸӵµĻʲôΣա
ˮ̶ġҾ˺ܻɵƣһʯͷӦþǻءῪǿʯͷʹƺõĻءˮ̶ˮٷŸɣˮԴȻ˵ع֮š
һҶ㻹޷ЩˮŵȥˣֻܿóǾһʪȲѣصط
˳ʪ֮⣬￴رĵطˣʯͷûпһ顣
һղصıأΪ˱ⱻսΪ˱ⱻ񣬶һϡٵĵطš
ɽȲʲôɽƽʱҲûʲô˲ιۣ˶ʮһ͵Ľ죬ɽľҲ̫ࡣǣһ͵ɽȣһ˺ѽһľعһˮ̶һˮ̶˻ˮͳõΡʶ£ͻ룬ҲԲΪɽȴʲô֮Ķ
Щְҵ̽ռҡѧҡĹߣͨһصļʣǷǳ֮Сģͨǲרȥѧϰھ򱦲֪ʶġûԹ⻹ûܰûأѰĵӰܿѣС˵ܿɣ
׳ն֪ǰ϶лض֮ػšûоĽ뷽ֻûźֲϵžͨ󷨵ϱ£ҶֻܰϣԼԻĴֲ档
Ҷ㡭Сһ㣡
˼˼ʯſڣ濴ڵģ˵ġ
ȸҶһԤ룬ǷĹĻǰ˵İϢˡǱصĻҲҪ̰ˡ̰ĵˣһûмȫȥġ
Ҷ˵ͷģֻǽȥ˵г·ʲôģǵǲãǰȫһ
ŵȼĻѣ߽Ǹڵʯ棬֮ԻڣΪռ䲻ûжٹâҫһ棬һһխͨͨǺܸߣҲǺܿ͹һǰͨУҪ˴ס
йûеһ̽ա
ҶżªĻѣתһ䣬תǽһմ˻ҳĻѡæһɵͩͣԣȻ֪ˣ˻ȼգǺܿ͵ˡڵϵ֦ȼ˶ãںˣĻ̤ʵˣϾȻйǻںڰ
ĻһĹϱ֦ȼյʱˡҶǰߣǽ治ʱ׾ʮԵķſ档ȻûָЩϾǽӴģʮԵķţǿһһϳġ
ڲ·ߵ˼ӣҶǰģ·һͨұһͨ
йŴĹߴұߵģҲƹԣҶ㲻֪ѡǸ£һӦѡߡ
ѡұߣΪΪЩŪǰһ㶼ᷴС
Ҷ߽ұߵͨȻŲŵøˣڳҪΧĻ仯Ҫ۲죬©ʲô


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˼£һת·ϣҶּһֻѣеĻѻУҲûѣǰߣչһ䣬ǰĿռ䣬Ȼ࣬һʯͷŴǰ棬ʯǰż̨ס
ҶûֱӵĹȥߵʯŶ׶ĵطſ˶ڵϡֻȼյĻѣʲôΣշӦԡ
ƾŻѵĹ߿ĿʯǰĴʯ̨ˣ̨׵ʱһɲõĸоƾֱܿ϶Щ̨׿϶⡣
ҶһԼֽ䱸ͬʱѻڵһ̨һ£Ȼ̧һ㣬ڵڶ̨һ£ȻͷءҲƽڵϡ
ݡݡݡ
𣬼֧֪ǲǶ̼Ƿ֮Ļذʯŵ˳СǰͷķλֱӲǽ档
ȻûˣҶ㱳Ҳһ亹ǾĹͨʹСģҲΣ˰
òѾˣǲиſڵϣûģһ˽Ųӵһ̨һֱǫ̃סͺһϵ˵̨ףûаŷĵ
ҶѾϿȷźǲر֮ˡҲ޷һˣ
ʯǰǻûҵʯŵĻڣƾǸвͨģʯţƾܿ϶ʯа׺϶֡
ȻԴ򿪵ģҶҲûа׷ˡ۷˻ȥ·ϵǸҲ˹ȼˣѵĹʯҫø
ҶڻѵҫٴϸʯţûؿԴ򿪵ġܿϧռȻ˺ܶ࣬ʯ沢ûκεĶûʲôֵġšȥȥĻء
Ŀʯһһ飬м̼ǸطǿǰװŰֵĵطǲûŰ֣״һεİ֪ۡǲػذĵطеŹ֡
Ҷûһͷ漷ѹһûκεķӦȥһۺʯʲôϵֱϣӦòǰô򵥣ܸܿʯйϵ
һҶ̨˼ԼѧĻ֮ûйصĿ취
ҶŬ˼벻һ취
Ҷеƣֻɽ棬˼ѾعѾͻ˲ر֮أź档ܾ̲Ǯ򲻵Ŷˡ
ʱ򣬳˼˼ͨ洫Ϊ·ߵؾʮ䣬ȻڼžĻҲֻԼСˡ
˼˼ҶղŵػԼԼѰҰ취ȥأ
һѵԼǱûȷıʧĻȥǸҪ飬ܳȥһɽʲôأ˵ֻˣıؾĴ򿪡߶٣ֻعŶܳ鱦һ㣬ܾͱٻٻˣ
Ҫ￪أҲҪרҵʿͼ豸ܳΪһƻߡ
뵽Ҷʯͷŵ˼ûټǸҪģڲʵڵġ
Żѣ·ȥߵڶѵĵطѻѲ²ǽ棬Ա´Լʱ򣬻á
·ߣﲢû̫Ĵ۸ӣعһհСʮƵԹִ˶԰󷨵ˮƽܾͳˡ
صǸֲĵطټߡѾԺ˼˼ĺˣҶӦһ䣬Ȼӿٶȡ
û°ɣôôöûг˵øұ˵ġ
˼˼Ҷ㰲ȻĳԹжԹһ䡣
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ģ
˼˼ŵȼյúĻѣǴȥ֦
ŵġ
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лأû°ɣ
˼˼תһ£һѵʲôġ
һ¶ûУ˼˼ͷһ£СӣˣҰ
ûˣ㣬лأûжѡ
Ҷż򵥵İ˵һ£ЩҪСĻذȻû˵ó˼˼νĵġ
˼˼꣬˵ȥɣⲻǵĶҪȥ룬̰ܶĵˣڷĹˡ
ţǿԴ߰ɣ֦öˡ
Ҷ㽫ѵݸ˳˼˼Ȼϵ˵档
ӣ˶епͺεĸоһ
ôָԭ״
ô֪
Ҷʼ
˼˼۾ô֪ʯͷͻ֮ǰڰʯͷʱ˵ҵžУҿ漣֪
ʱҶ˵Ļû⣬ΪעҶϣҶȥˣһģ˼һĻҶĻˮ̬ȡ㻳֪ʯͷ
ҶЦһϽ㣬ǵһطòãѵ㻳ǰƵĲɣ
˼˼һЦһڣǰƵģҲ̫Ҫ˰ɣƳĶһмʷǰ
ҶҲЦǾͶ˰Ҳ֪ȫɺϡ
ԣˮ֮ǰ϶֪ʲô
˼˼ĵǺǿģԳ˼˼ҶĹĳ̶ȣ˺֮Եϵ˼أϸһ;Ϊеͻأ
Ҷֻ˵һˣҴСʦɽ䣬ȻҲ漰Щ֮ŶЩ󷨵оҲ̫ȻܿһЩŵȫƾҪ˵ô֪Ǹʯͷǻڣֻ˵ǿоҵ书Ȼ϶˲٣˲жϳ˵طҲ̽ˣǶûʲôڣҲֻˮ£Ҳűųһµ̬Ƚв̽ˡܵ˵ռ˴
ԭʿѽһΪǵС˵дأ᲻һɸ߰Ҳ̫˰ɣ
˼˼ȵţûҶػͻȻԴеǾҵбµʱڷƵģһΪҿۣԭô°
˵ͷҶ˵ˣǿ϶ԶҲִᷢ˵бصġʱһǲȥδȥΰǻָԭ״Ҳ֪ʦ󷨵о룬Ҳֻ漰һ㡣
ҶĻ˼˼ŵģ˼һ£ϪߵĴʯͷ˼˵ղǰЩʯͷߺֵı仯˵Ǿǹؼ֮һءŰǷŻȥɣ
ҶòܣΪʯͷѹŻغܺ⣬ڵڰѻ˰ӻȥ
Ҳûа취İ취ûзӦʯͷǸʯŶס
ҶȰǸʯͷȥѰ˼λùãȻʯͷҲȥŵİԭλӡ
Ǹӣڴˮ̶֡
ʱȻһ
ҶͷһһϽų˼˼һȥ
ǻǲ±ڣȻʯһ̮˴룡


340
Ҷͳ˼˼СϪһ࣬˵һ±£ûдĶˣ˲ŻͷĿɿڴĿŷ顣
ǻһһȽϸߵɽ壬ǴӱȰɽߡֲ嶥ĵطˤģһɽ壬һ¡Ƕ²һֱȵףΪһδӵɽȣɽȵܣ±һʮ׵Ķ¡
ڳǰģǸƽ޹ʵʯ֪ǶµǴɽ嶸»ĴֱӶ˵棬ѾСϪסһ롣
Ҷ㡭СӹţBӼʯͷȻ𡣡
˼˼૵ĸ̾һ䡣
ҶЦãôţBҲ𰡣ȻǵûĻΪرػصһǷʯͷγȻ״̬Σ
뵽Ҷһų˼˼ˮ̶Աߡ
ȻղʧЩˮֲ֪ʲôطٵǸСɽϷѾȪˮѾʼϡϡʼ״ָ̬
ѾǸʯˣ
˼˼ָָ档
Ѿһˮ̶ûǸʯŵӰˡˮλٵߡӦҲǻָ֮ǰˮ̶ˮλ
ǲһΰһͬΣ
˼˼ǰһУҶ㡢˼˼ܵ˸Ҳġ
ҶЦЦָָǱߣЩʯָҾһΡ
˼˼ʱЦϻǳȥϣΪʲôҪָ
԰
ҶոֻǳڶЩصǰľ֮УֻǾεأû뵽ڸԼȥ·ˡ
Ѿˡʰһ£Ǵȥ
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Ѿһ¿㣬͸ɴֱӵӽȥչˡʣµСƿȪˮҲϡ
ҶȥѻˣÿȪˮƿӽһƿɽȪˮȻصһ֦֧ĳ˼˼ߡ
֦Ҫˣұȥ
ҶǺɵЦһε˵
˼˼˿棬ԼҪǿĻϲȥҪҶšǻȱӲ㡣˵ͷã㱳ң֦Ż֧һ¡
Ҷӹ˿ȪˮƿӣóʣµɿҲ۵ˡһ
ҶûƴǣϾǽһƬ⡣
Ҿá
Ҷ㿴б£ĥ˵ɽȸġ˵ȻĻϣΪӹ⼸û·ֻߣĶ£ҲûʲôҲΪɵģ
˵Ƕѳɽ޹
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ҶЦŷ㲻˵ǺܴԹһڳȥˣŪɶͳεɽȣʯȥˣߣǶ治õİ취Ķ³СĴӸߴˤģ˭ûðչ棿
˼˼ǲţţļҲڲ֪к
ҶЦʦͷͷǵڣҪģǵÿȥѾǰˣſϡ
˵ڳ˼˼ǰ£ó˼˼ſϡ
Ȼëףǳ˼˼ʦû׳۲ΣǸоϮҶıϡ
Ҷſãûճ¶װ£Ӻų˼˼ΣȻԼϡ
ιҵСӰ
˼˼̲ס飬ͺôͳӤһЦԷǡ
Ҷ㲻Ŀ飬Ѿβˣһ£ٺ٣㡣ûбȥҲʡһ㡣ٿҾʹƨɣ
СӣвҰ
˼˼§סĲӣʹ˹ȥҧҶľࡣ
ʬѪ
ҶЦš㻹Ų
~Բɣ˼˼޵ĺǳţݸЦ绨ҶѲŽ
·ϣ˷ܣЦ˸ɡҶ㱳ų˼˼̮бȥոյµģĽ档
ҪƽʱǺĥ˵飬˸ղʯͷÿҵķͷеҶ㣬ĥȻûзϣֽŲã̤һضϡ
Ǵ滬ģöĶһԱȽƽռ䣬ҶϢ˿ɫԼ滹׵ĸ߶ҪϽ·Ҫǰûȫĵطܻܿǰ
˼˼ûдҶ㣬ϵ§ҶĲӣҲϣҶҶʡһ㡣˼۾ҲûšҶ㿪ʼʱ򡣵һ䣺б߰ɣܻʡһ㡣
ֻĿֱӵĽ飬øչҶϡ
Ҷ˳˼˼Ļ˿ߣֿ˿档бûֱʵôͣȻҪʡܶ࣬ҪǣҪɽȥûбҪʵǻˤǸطֱбߣߵɽͿˣ˸߶ȽʡҲʡ֮һ·̣ɽϵ·
㣬侲
ҶЦЦʼбȻбкܶôҲ˿⣬ΪֱȥֻҪɽȥͿԣбģûôõ·ߣһûߺãܻкܶ·
ղЩɵģԣҶֽŲҲûд⣬ڲͬˡǽʵɽ£ûпݵĲ֮⣬ûиĵطΪ˱Ļֲ֣ȥŲݣҸֱӿס˵ȹһ㡣
ҶԼУΪ˾ȥûһҲ˲ֽۡŵʹ
ϵĳ˼˼򿴵ֵı仯ɿʼֻմĻңı˺ɫдһϺ졭ϸҲ֪Ҷָͷ˵ѪɳָŪ˵Ѫ˺ѪûϢûһļ
۾ʪˣۺ͸ж۾ˮǿţûҶ㿪СЦΪףԼҪֻ˸鷳Ҷ㲻ۣǲԼģԼ޳ˣҲӰ쵽
ԣֻԼǿջЦĸľ
һ·˼˼Ҳìܵģϣ·̣һ¾͵ɽ¡ϣɽһֱͷ·һֱ߲ꡣܱԼͬ·ߵԶ
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µɽµʱѾߵ˵ˣɽ·ǳ˼˼ֻ·ȻҶһһǳġȻȾ٣бȽǹҲ˲æ
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˶ۿѵһ֮УҲﵽ˶䡢۵ܰ硣
ĳ㲥̨ţ꽵٣ҹܶطܹ۲⵽ѹ۲ʱ䣬ϰ˵㵽ŵ㣬򡭡
ٽӵҶĵ绰ٶȼݳɽ¸ҵҹһˡҶ㿴λİŮ̹٣ֺøУӼ̰ٵҶһۣʲôЩëӣǸúùܽһˡϾͺ½У˵ҪЩһһµľѵԼʣ˵ѧϰɡֿ˿˼˼Ĳֻܰοǣϳǻȥų˼˼εϹŵŨŨ⣬ٳܸ̾ʲôҶĻģ߷߲ѵĿ˳
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ȻѾ֪ˣҶҲûʲôˡֻЦŰο˵û£ǡЩһЩ֭
ʵֻΪ˲˵ģȻƾ书ǿ϶Щ˺ġ
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ҶԼַ˽ȥɽ϶סץοֻϴ֣˼˼ᣬůء
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˼˼ϴһ飬ֻˮϴһ飬Ȼëס֡
ʱţСʦ˼˼еֵؿţղ⳵ǮѾŸˣҲлҹǲǶȥԺ
˼˼ˣŰϰ棬ʦɽһ죬϶һ춼ûгԶˣҸǴݿͻȳԣ伢ɡ
˼˼жѣŮӣͱȽСҳɽ֮⣬󲿷飬ҶأHAPPYȻҲҶĵĶࡣҲҪϸҶŪԣΪǳ⣬ﲢûòˣҲæûʱ䡣
ٽ㡭̫ллˡ
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ʱţ۾ϢҶ㣬ڽ˸ڴ˻ֹǾ˽飬˵ĹϵѾ˴ͬ־ޣٱ־룬Ǽֱ޲簡


343
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ΪԼ˿ŵ˼ĳ˼˼Ȼһһֲֻ֣֣ͬ˿һ㻬Ĵ˯ȹĦۡĥ䣬صȻȼ
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ƯĳݼݼãҶˣûжǵĻ񷴲ΪǶаһѽ˳ˡ
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346
ǱŷѾźˣҶ֤ȥǰ̨ʱ򣬾ֱӴȥֱӴ绰ҳ˼˼˼˼֪Ҷ㵽ˣʮķֱĻд˵㻶ϲ˵һ£Ͼ͹
ȻֻǼƵ꣬߼ĵ˷ѾܲˣеĶУԡҲ൱
˼˼ܿ͹ˣһҶͰŷϣһǣԼҵӵĸоҶʮд⡣
ȻҶ˵˼˼㣬һûܹ߼ԡ豸أˬĶ˹ԡԧϷˮ
Ҳ𲻴ӦҶѾ˼˼ԡң˼˼֪ԼֻĶ§ҶĲǡ
ҶԡҵԡױϣȻ߷ˮ·ֱһڿ㡣·ʱСܾѾŵ¶ͷǡʱ˼˼ҲѾԼѵֺֻСڿˡҶ˵˼˼㣬Ҫһţ
˳ĳ˼˼һ˫ѾҶװȻ֣දǡʡԿǰ˼˼ȫֻʣ±͸£⻬ϸµļԼǰӾȫ㻹Ҫˣرָڱεһɲ鹵ʱҶǰǡ
˼˼ΰϲ£ȻѾ֪ˣʱ˼˼ķȻ٣Ҷˣ˵㣬ϲ벻һ£
˼˼΢΢ԥһ£ȻȥѾڶС죬ָоȻ񴥵ȵ޻һҶ˷ĳ嶯ϽֹͣĴ̼ʣµһУܱ˴ĥĿС
Ҷ㲢ˮռ˴˵ĸǿҲʤһСȻҶĻڣ廥ĥĸоȻôϸˮĿвͿ쵶ܹġ
ҶԡҺϣȫÿһ⻬ϸµƤظĨͿѩ׵Ƥָлٲҵõˡһõԧԡ֮Ҷԡֱ֮˶˫ǰ˫̧β·֪ҪʲôƵһµϹȥ𣿡
ţðɣ
˵˵ȴעԲѩ׵Σ˼˼ֻ֮а˫ŽϣҶһ̧׼λһţʹ˽ȵڡ
ܿ˼˼ʹﵽ˼θ߳ҶҲ뵽ֵ磬ǴԡϣٴӴذ壬ֱ˼˼ڶסͶҶŰݡ
ϣ˼˼˵ݼݼҪѧУˣѵҪȥ棬¸𣿡
Ҷѩ׵˫壬ǲ˵ģΪһ˵Ҫ뿪κ˶뿪֮ءҪ˵ģǵץס˵ڣôȥұŮء
˼˼˵ϹҾϣܹﵽ߾磬Ҹݼݼ̸ˣʵûѣϴθôܣ˵ܶûѾеоˣվҪʱģ㲻ȥ棬ôи飬һϸģûˣҪ֪ݼݼѧУ׷һţУһš
ã֪ˣҽȥ档
Ҷɲýѷڳ˼˼ĴŮ˵ϡ
˼˼ǺãϾͰԼ
˵ֻ꣬ͨ˳ݼݼĵ绰ݼݼʱڱ˼Ҵţӵ绰˵ѽǽڱݴõȡ
˵绰˼˼ˣԼˣͿԼķˡ
һ˳˼˼Ҷлл㡣
ĵʮҶ׼ʱó˼˼ؼ㸸ĸȥˣݼݼѾؼҳԷˣһҲǳݼݼҲ׼ʱҶ㿴λŮȻ׼ʱϲŮΪʱŮ˵רⲢһϰߣݼݼŮеĶȫ֮⣬Ů˲õϰȴʱû֡
ݼݼ첢ûдú¡أһױװܸţһŵʱѾĿ⣬͵ģҲɫԵģһЦҲΪѾϰˣһֱ΢Цȴ˸оĸ߹ʡ
Ҷ˹ӭȥ׼ʱѽ
ݼݼЦЦҲ׼ʱʱǸϰߣôȥ棿
°볡ˣҲȥԸʱˣȥԷ
ҲУⷹ룬Ͼǿͣɣұһʽȥǳ԰ɡ
ʽҲãҳôûԹأûŮʿʿԷɣӦ롣
ҶȻôûӡ
Ůƽȣ㣬㲻ҾͲˡ
ݼݼʹɱﵣҶͬڵķʽ
ӿò࣬ҪҶȴѾˣǸ߹ĻǸŵŮˣзȵʿǻӼֺøеġ
˵ҶſݼݼȽʱѯʳݼݼϲʱݼݼҶĺø˲١
ݼݼѡ˸ȽλڴӦĴλϣҶΪӣ£ЩϵĶȻףڳݼݼŵŮ˵ȴ䣬˸Ҷӷֲ١
֮Ҷ˵ʱ򣬱밴ʳݼݼʲôȴԼȻƣԭõǷİĲƣһ£ÿˣȴʱݼݼҲ˲ƣȴֱӿİ档
ʵ㾹Ȼᷨѽ
ݼݼЦЦѽһģҶѧ޷
Ӣأ
Ҷó˼˼ͶأѾˣԭҲôǿ
ǺǣӢӢѧˡ
ɣôˣҲѧѧɡ
㲻±˵飿
ֻһֹߣѧĿĲΪ˽ձ˷񣬶ϣгһ̤ƽձ
ãʱһģȵ˰ɣӦҲǵһҵ˺ˣ´Ŷ
ݼݼ˵꣬ؾ͵˲ˡ
Ա뿪ȴ߹ˣ˶˺˵ƣҲһ㣬֮һľһƯĳݼݼﲻ֪ƻǿˮ˵һҶĻҶóӦ˵
ݼݼȴöˮƽҲѾﵽͬˮƽȻһȵͬ룬Ѿ൱ˣҶ㣬˵һϷĻŮңҸһԪ
ҶϾŭգóݼݼͬձˣձҹؼȥﲻӭǡ
ҶĻݼݼת˲ٵձ߳ŭȻֱӾԱλϵӾҶҶһɾͰӵ˳ײձˣձҶôãӲƫеײϡ
ǷӦҶѾǣǶϸһȭ
һȭ溬ҶһֱԲϴСձĺޣ³ɺ޶ע棬ΪҴܣһǽĥȥҽԺҲΪһεġ


347
ҶĻݼݼת˲ٵձ߳ŭȻֱӾԱλϵӾҶҶһɾͰӵ˳ײձˣձҶôãӲƫеײϡ
ǷӦҶѾǣǶϸһȭ
һȭ溬ҶһֱԲϴСձĺޣ³ɺ޶ע棬ΪҴܣһǽĥȥҽԺҲΪһεġ
ձʱܲʹ࣬һȭ򵽶ϵʹȴϸоˣȻȶˣȴʶԼǰ˵Ķ֡
ȥ˵ʲôˣҴˡ
ݼݼϴҶ㣬Ҷйˣйϴձˣ쾭壬ȶ֣
ݼݼҶ洫ձˣȻձ˵Ǵ򲻹㣬Ҳȥǵʦ򡣡
ʲôҵģʱص㣬˵ҵҪǵνʦж
ߺߣãϴ绰š
˵꣬СձĴ绰ȥˣС˼Ҷʱ䣬ڣص㣬Źֵ
Ȼֱ˸ֳֵݼݼҶ︽·ȥֻʮ·̡
ҶãʮӺ󵽡
Сձһɱȥ׳һ䣺ҪǸ֤úѿ
ҶЦҵҪһѿ
ֶԳݼݼȱ룬һô
ݼݼЦЦԵЧͣ벻ô
Ǻǣ书Ǹҵ㻹֪ء
ҶƻЦЦ
ݼݼЦأʵŶʲô书Ǹҵ
ҶͷƤĵ֪ˣܲڸҵĴϹҵɡ
룬ѧϰʱ֪ˣѧϰҵһǲŶ
ŶǺѽԺһпҾͽ㣬ǲԼô
ŶղײգȽСձϻرݣϽҺˡ
ʮ֮ڣҶͳݼݼѾ˵ֻ˿˾ֱ߽ȥˣǵӣձˣҲйˣбձҲվ棬վһλֵˣ˵˵Ҫǵս
˵ģݼݼͬ붼׼ˡ
ˣѧ򲻹ңҪҴҽǵսѡ
ʮйҶ֪ԼضʤСձղȻеòҲ黹Ǽ⣬ƾı湦Ҳӡ
˲ʤ̫ݣѱľʩչ󣬲ҵһ㽫ܣһУֻԼ֪ԼĿƷΧ֮ڡ
Сձ˵йȻ˲űôһ˾ͰҴˣһ˼ô
ҶйӭѺõĺձˣԲỶӭйκӣΪ˭ҪǸйĴ϶йΪǲ֪һ֪ˣضΪͷ
˵ţϳݼݼﳤȥֻһȻӰСձʧ
صݷ䣬ҶȻǺˬݼݼҲĺøߵĲΣʱԷ飬룺ôʲôһ̾ͼסˣԼѧʱҪûˡ
ҶԼ֪ڳݼݼĿУڶĸоѾʵķԾˡ
ʱȽҶѳݼݼ͵ԺſڲŻرϢΪݼݼķȣλƽʱ;Ӧܵص˶úܡ
ӵҶԼ룬ݼݼӦҶȥɽϳʱܺãȴͻȻ˸պڰɽ޴ꡣ
Ҷ㿴˿Լֿ˿ݼݼֻһʪ͸ˡ
ȻѾȣ˴·ǵ£Ҷ㴩ǳ£ʪ͸ȻûһݼݼҲǱȽϱĵ£ˮݹһȻҲ͸ˡһǰɫȻûһȫ¶ҶǰǷ˶¶ѩļûһɼ˵Ҷ㼸ѪѪ˷ܵҪѪ
Ҳ̫ݣ㽫Ŀת˵ݼݼҿˮøɾǵ·ʪˣȥ·ϴһŤɣ㿴ţϲĻˮϴ裬ˮԡܲŶ
ҶΪ˳ݼݼȻŵģ˵Ҳе˵ãȥϴһ£ҿסŶס͵Ŷ
ҶЦȻҺ뿴㲻ҿҿ϶ǲῴġ
ݼݼҲЦЦ߽ɽҶԼߵڣֹİ˽붴ڣȻҲⲻСĿݼݼϴ衣
ݼݼ˿Ҷ㣬ڶڴȫûת˼ĵؽʵѾʪ͸ȥ¶һ԰ɫָ޷סѩ׾飬ͦε֮
Ȼڱһժ㽫ɿԵ˵ȫ¶ڿУֻҪҶһתܿ޷ܵ壬Ҷûת˼
ݼݼҶȻǸӣɴཫҲȥȫһ˿ҵؽˮأȻð·ϴɾȻ˵Ҷ㣬ܲܰŪӰ·һ£
Ҷϵû⣬Ҹղڶҵ֦ҿת𣿡
ݼݼˮУ˿Ȼˮ壬ԼԶ㶴ȲӦÿ˵Խˣ˳ҼܺðɣллŶ
Ҷҵ˼֦ɽ׾һ¼ܣȻٳȥ棬óݼݼԼ·
ݼݼŪú󣬼ҶϻǴǼʪòܴ·˵·ҲҪŪһѽ
ûϵڶڰ·¾ˣɵø졣
˵ţ·˵ϴϢһ£ҿﲻбˣҲûҲҪŶ
˵꣬ԼҲ˸⣬·һССһɽû·һһŮȴʲôҲû
ݼݼˮϴ˰СʱҲݹˣһɾʯϣ·ûɣԴˡ˿Ҷ㣬ڶڱԼվţҲһ˿ң׳ĺ󱳣е㲻˼ͷٿ
ʱͻȻһѳݼݼŵüһѽ
ɽһ˿ҵĴͻȻһĶһţ㵨ٴҲⷢοݼݼĵӲ
ҶŮУĸҵļ֮ЩǣǵԼһ˿ңȻӻʪģҲҪϣֻڿ˽ȥ
ݼݼδҶ˽ȻǵԼû·˵ڡں档
Ҷ㿴һŮǰѱѪӲջݼݼ濴ȥԭֻһɽף˵ŶԭǴɽ׶ѣûϵⲻ˺ˡ
ݼݼҶѾߵˣ˿˿ͬʱҶû·ʶԼڱҶ㴩ø٣Ϊʲôû
ٶȷһļУ˫ֻסԼǰ˵˫壬һԼҪλȫ¶Ҷǰ
Ҷ㻹ûʶٶȼǷʲô£Ҫ߽Щʵʲô
ݼݼҵûûʲô㡭תȥ


348
Ҷ㻹ûʶٶȼǷʲô£Ҫ߽Щʵʲô
ݼݼҵûûʲô㡭תȥ
Ҷ֪ԭΪû·УȻᣬȻתȥ˵ԲҲǹģ·ôãȻܸɣҲӦÿǿˣ㴩úת
ݼݼܿشԼ·ܿ콫Ȼʪ·ú󣬲˵ˣתɡ
ҶתȥĳݼݼƽʱҪϼ֣ȥһڣǵ˵ԲҲǹġ
ݼݼʱȻߴصͷ֪Ҳ㡣
ǰĳݼݼŮѽ֪ĳ嶯ҶҲƲסԼǣͻȻߵݼݼߣסۣ˫ϵؿݼݼһ仰һֱûҶ˵Ҳ˵˵Щһ˵Ҫα˼Ҹò˵ֻ㣬޷ƭԼΪҰ㡣
ݼݼôֱ׵ԣС¹ײʵֺγˣֻǹ˼ԼݣһֱûұҶʾ˶Լİ⣬Լֺγأǣţô죿Ҹý
Ҷͷ֪Ĵӵģݼݼֻ˵һ䣬㰮ֻ˵ʵ׵£ǻȥô
ݼݼڹ˵ͷǵģҵһϲϵˡ
ȻҶǸѾ˶ƺΪ˵һкӡ
ҶڵõȷĴ𸴺󣬼ؽݼݼڻݼݼûпܣҶû·ͦε˫壬˷˫ϵĿųݼݼ촽*ݼݼһĿҲ˫ۣ֪ʲôû뿪û˵۾ϡ
ܵ˵ĹҶڰѴӡӣϣᴥҶͷĿС죬ݼݼҲͷܿؾһ໥˱ŶԷĽҺ
ǳݼݼĳǣҶԼߵļʹоۣ赽飬˶ʮĳǴӴ˲ڡ
һǣʹҶҲʹݼݼԼݣŪҶ˫ֿʼʵ쵽زҲȫûпܡ
Ҷ˫еͦ˫壬Ҳܸо˫ĻԲͦΣҶ˫ᰴһ£ֻݼݼһȴûκηȻҶڼǡ
ʵݼݼзӦģ룺ѽָоôôѽͷðԵѽҺεĸоȫͬѽѽôץҵ鷿ˣӦñĲλѽǡôܾأѽָоù죬ԼϴҲûôֵĸоѽǡˣȻϲҲϲңҳˣʲôϵοҲϲָоѽ
Ҷ㵱Ȼ֪ôģԣ󵨵İƵȻ󴩹µ°ڣѰһ塣
ݼݼȻſ˵һĵڶȻҲ̫Ķ˫§ĲӣͲӡ
Ҷ˫쵽ΧֲΧסһԾ飬вģҶһ⽿۵⣬ͷһ𶯣ȻŮ˵鷿٣ݼݼǵһѽ
ݼݼڱֱԼ۵ʱǸоĪ˷ܣǳԼĵһֱҪĲλѽ
Ҷݼݼֻһ¾ûиĶ㿪ʼֱӴϹ塣
ݼݼ˫屾ʹȻܽȻѾˣȻزŪúܽڼҶ֣ȻԵøˣһҶָȥûݼݼѾץһ
Ҷһ鷿СǽסݼݼݼݼҲܸߣȻֱӶдһ㡣
ҶĳһַžȻȥıҪ⿪ոմȥ֣ݼݼоԼزͻȻһûԭҶѾֵĿɿˣȻԹڼϣѾ޷һԾ顣
Ҷû޷ľϣһľ飬ҶһһҲ׽סֻܴ£˳ھӲӲʱ
ҶǸˬԲ˵˾龡ϣˬŹ֣ݼݼҲΪһα˰Լķ˷Ī
쵽ԼʼΪΪڿûŪʪģоմմʱ򣬲֪ԼѾ˷ܵİ֮ˮ
Ҷһ߸һһߵݼݼܲˡ
ݼݼ𻰣ֻŵҶӦҲܲˣǽȥĿӣֱȥеǵشоһƬݣҪλˣ̽ȥѽڵ˼˼ĲλˣһֵմԤʾųݼݼѾ״̬ˣҶǼĵطּУݼݼԵֶ֮£쿴޷ִŮ֮ˡ
ݼݼѾҵ״̬ҶѾеĲλ̼ޱȲҺ壬ҶŪȫմմҺˣҶһֻҲѾɹ⿪·ŦֱۣӰɿֵز˵ݼݼӦûύԼŮ֮ˡȻҲΰҲΣֻɽײ֪ιͻȻִӶ˳ŵóݼݼһ¾СͬʱͻȻսʤ˸飬ذҶ׽ס˵Ҷ㣬ﲻ̫㣬ǻؼ˵𡣡
ҶȻܲ˵ãǱſִ֣ϣ·Ŧۿϵݼݼ˵ôôһж㡣
ݼݼмؿҶ㣬ҵģҵҲģ㲻ҪżӦ֪ҲˣȻѾˣǾʹҳ֮⣬ٽܵڶ˶
ҶڴԼ·ݼݼܵõİѾ֪ˣһȢģж谭ֹȢҵӡ
ȻδܵõѾõģõ廹Զô
Ѿϰ˵ˣҶ㽫ݼݼԼĳⷿݼݼһɾ˯¡ز̫һӲϣؿһ鹵û۵Ĳֳ
زźһһһԾн˶鷿ôķȻ²СҲԱ߸ߵɽǡ
˵ֱҶѪѹǣݼݼҶ㿴Ҫ˼صͷôңѵʲôͬô
˲ͬĵط̫ˣݼݼȱƯ̫ˡ
Ҷһ߿һ˵úˣݼݼʵסԼģҾϾҪһ𡣡
˵ţ߽ݼݼڸľ뿴ۣ³Ϣ


349
˵ֱҶѪѹǣݼݼҶ㿴Ҫ˼صͷôңѵʲôͬô
˲ͬĵط̫ˣݼݼȱƯ̫ˡ
Ҷһ߿һ˵úˣݼݼʵסԼģҾϾҪһ𡣡
˵ţ߽ݼݼڸľ뿴ۣ³Ϣ
ݼݼܸӣΪʵҲ϶룬˯þѾҶ㣬Ȼʦ߳ѾûˣҪھͰҶ㣬еŲҶͻȻһʱ䲻֪Ǻá
ҶĻ˵ȻѾ㣬ǣǻʦϵѽ˼һô˵ǲкýҵԺ󡭡
˵ԺҶʹ˵ȱ˵ԺమһһŮ£ûʲôϵʦϵֻһڣֻҪףҾʲôమпܵġ
Ҷ˵ţٶ߽İСݼݼúܿ죬ҶʱûжҶȥʱŮеֻһķΪΪŮһݺ߻ûȫʧ
ҶȴķȻֽסֱĴϺͲǣȻѾǵڶˣݼݼûеһôϣΪڵĻϴҲû˵һʵĸоҶļ£ݼݼûķ
Ҷû̫ҵķԣ·˵壬˫һԺ飬ץһ鷿鷿еҲֹʵ
ȻȣԳݼݼûд˿࣬ҶԷشȹһֱȸƤϸ岢еԣʵǰˣ۴һ濴ġ
ҶҲ̲סˣҹζ࣬˫ֿٵץ죬һٿһӵ˿ʱ˺̫һͬʱ䣬ѩ¡ķ鷿Ѱ㵯
ҶͬʱѲϵĳÿһ̫ͻȻˣݼݼܵ˫أ˿ܾСãϳı顣˵ҪҪҪʲô㲻Ҫѽ
һ˵һҪ
Ҷ㿴ǶԷĴãﻹܣ˵ϴλһǵĻҶбٷˣݼݼûЧҶסǶԷֻܽҶǿš
ݼݼŵСĸζҲȻѾϲҶ㲢ѾҲѵһνǣѵڽµһθѵ𣿳ݼݼһﲻһȴҶ㲻ϵش̼Լвλʵ޷԰Ρ
ҶȴʲôȻǶ鷿ϵĸоʵ̫ˣһԹָԽץŪ鷿ݼݼʶԼܾҪʧˣķǳìܣȻĸоҪǿһǶԷȴԼϲˣְֺޡ֮ڻΪ֪ǲǸھͰѴŮ֮Ӧ»֮ҹŰѵһθԷʦϵȻеŲ
Ҫ
ݼݼȻ˵ȫûõĻ
Ҷָ鷿һֻƶ뾡취ȥ֣˫۸ҶŶ޴ӷҶȹڣŮеǵشڸݼݼͬʱָĽխ֪Ҷ֪㣬ķ󣬵ʱŪûʹ졣ǼӴ˴̼ȣݼݼֻҧŪʮӣ΢ʹ⣬ʼһĸокڲ֪΢
Ҷ㿴ѿʼзӦԭץŪ鷿תΪǶԷͷ
һҵݼݼŤԲܰҶӵʶʼȶеUҶ˼˼ķûղôǿңûѹڴϣѾѹסܶˣɿؽ⿪Լ·ѿѹ⡣ٽ⿪ȹӵť@ͬʱץסؿ뼰˿ڿһͳȫĳݼݼϾȫҶǰѩ׵ļ޳ȡķΡȫޱչҶǰ
ȻѾǵһο壬Ǵڶڵƹ£üҶɿ˫֣ʼͷ਻ǷĹʵһߵ鷿ָ޼Ūвλʱݼݼ˸ķӦø٣ѿʼӲʱذҶ䣬Ů֮ʪ͸ǲķ˫ȼڱϣһںסΪ֮һ𣬲һᣬȻͱҶÿŪȫй˵һŮ׸߳ҶյȫգȵһβʣֻȫڵѪҺɿرһ΢qԵĸо岻Ȼš
Ҷ˵ݼݼҰ㣬ҰɣһֵģҵŮ˺
Ҷݼݼѽ״̬Ŭš
ݼݼؽ崫ǿҵСݼݼڵʮָӣлǲھҪȴƺϣ˼֮εڵϣ˫ܻӭذͷɵҶͷץͷ
˺þãҶ㿴ٴα㽫˫ȼڼϣ̼ûãݼݼ̾һҲˣ㣬ɡ
Ҷ㿴ӣǶסˣϾǵһΣڣҶһͦڳݼݼһͨкҶ֪ѾˡһŮһŮˣݼݼ֪Լ˿ʼʱеʹ֮⣬屻Ҷغǻţʹʹˡ֪ԼѾѵһθİʱݼݼ׵طκβõ뷨ŮĵһθԼϲˣҶĶ൱ᣬʹݼݼʼʹܡ
ݼݼһߴһʱҶѾһһڷˡݼݼ˫Ŀ΢ţԲߵľʹѾж崺ķ߶ͨ죬ʻ㽿ޣϾĵһΣ֮ǰݼݼһδ˵Ĵ鴦ŮԸҲˮһ
һܵ㹻ҪĿУȻˬõÿҶ㻹ΪΪʧޣݼݼȴסã˵̫ˣָоҴûԹ
һһʹóݼݼҪιȥҶͻƳɹˣϳֺõΪȹӣղһɣȹŪˣһ˫ЬҲ߷ˡ
ҶЬΪãʱȫһûҶ̧ͷģδˡϻ˷ܣ̧ͷ˵ˣ㻵ˡ
ʵŮ˵Լ˵ʱҲˡҶųݼݼŵ̫ˣҼͲ԰ˡ
һ£ҲϷߣԼôʱ䣬Ū˼ˡ
ҶһǶ飬һ߰Ѹղŷµ˿ڿƨֻƬƬ鷿˵˼˼һᰮһӵġ
Ҷİ˵ҲǣҵϹһˣҰһһ
ղŴ³س£ڰúôϣĳŮ·ԭҲһ£οزôҶʱҲ36eԭһˬˡ


350  ܿӰ
ĩҶӵѩĵ绰Ѿ˳ϢҪڰ޵ܿƽKļʡί׼ѩȥ˰ޣ֮绰ҶһҶ˵ò˵Ϣ
ܿӰƷŮ˶УȥҽԺ飬ڶ࣬һҶ5pǶʱܿӰϵġѩҪҶ죬ɻһˣҪúףһ£˳һ½ǡ
ҶϽѧҵޡ
ڻܿӰ֮Ҷ㱧ŽȻ˵һ
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վһ˱Ȼ·棬¶ļ쳣ˣǿ๴ճµ˫Ⱥ欵ĸ߸ѥӳĳţӵעĿ˸档
˺ŮһֵĶ˴ԵرǻǲѵֻҪŮ˵СһٻͿԱüӲ쳣෴Ů˵һģ۵Ķأ
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⻰˵ú͸Ů߷ǵƨγɵߣҪƮƮɵĿо͵õ˶һΣŮ۵⡣
ƫƫ˵ȴҪ޵ڲԵԸУֵĸоԵջֻڿ㻹˿඼Ů˵װƷҶȤʲôǾǰƯ§ڻѹ£Ͼذǿ½Ȼ˵سǵ⣬ľ۰ǡ
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Ҷ§ܿһߵ飬һ̼ɫѩӰʱװݣȻ󣬵ѩӰ˴ʱǳרҵ̨任ŸǶҶȫĶߺԸе˿ࡢ޵ϸ߸ѥӡ
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Ҷһ§ܿϸĲһСһǰǶԷԲ壬ĶЦ̣²Խ⻬ʮˣָǽ˰֡Сô壬ˬһܰ
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ܿ˿ؽʱҶŪôĵҶĻҶᱡû˶
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Ҷ̵ܻӺݻţҲĲͺֻĳ嶯ޱߵڹĶҶ㼢ʵģʱΨе˹ƵַĽŻἤҶ飬ֻкйŻҶ㡣
ʱλðӵ毺õĺ촽ഺķΣ壬ƺҶǣҶޱյ㡭
ҲЩˣҶ㿴ࡢȶӣ֪ˡҶ㳶ȥǶȹʱŮʱһַˡ
ֻϽŰ͸˿ʳ£ؼգȷ̫Ըˣûֵ͹ССͷɼϳŷǧ˿εƯ£ǣλͿҰĴСഺ棬ķΣڿŰϴҶһֱļϡ
ֱͲȹ¹ֻ࣬Сþϸģ˫ĴȣԵˣۻеԣ˫Сţڼͷɫϸ߸ͳѥɧ˷裬òҶҡԼ
ҪսӢǺǣ
ҶЦתӸԭܿѩĺɫĽϸ߸ڴɫѥӳ£չֳϵɣֱģɧ˼㡣ѩŮԭ˷ʣ͹˽޺檵Ӱ˫Ȼɷɧˣصĺɫϸ߸ȻʾԸǽһЩġ
ţҺúһ°ɣ
ҶŮɳߣܿм䣬ѩұӰ˫İɫغǳɫŵķȲһһɫոµĺɫͷϸ߸ͳѥӣһӷɧ޵ʱĴŮ㵽ͷҶˣһ¹ſ˫ǰ棬˫ȣȥҧһȻȥ⻬¡СԲĴȡʵСȣӴȵĸ߸ЬЬ⡢ЬףɫĽϸԲ߸ͺɫϸ߸ñššͷ˵ζ߸ȵҶʧԸˣеĴڲ࣬ԼӵС
šҪĥǰ
ŮüĽ䣬סŤҶᱡŪţｿ̣ȴطֿԲĴȣƾɵɫֺ촽ӷΪΪ
ԼС̺ð֪Լϲʲô·Ůˣ˫߸ЬɧƳϣǲţ쵽ĻŪƷ棬Ҷ޶ּĵϷ⣬ֳΪ۰˵ǰϷˣ
Ҷǣۺµܿ׳µѩͶƳµӰǿǵ˫ȣɫָһ˺˿ĿɣŮһͿҶѩ§ڻɳͷŵֻ棬ӰҶϵļ⣬ʴҶЩ鶯ʱ̧ͷһܿҶԵСɳУһĿ⣬Ҷ΢΢һЦȴ촹ͷȥ
С̣ǲӢսأ
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ҶɳأֻȤȻһ΢Ц̣
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ܿ۱סҶľҶᱡ΢΢Ҷÿķɫ˿ʳ¶һͦ鷿ͷͦ庬ڿҶ㺬סҧܿԣҶüӲļͦǹϼѹΣһ쵽ȼ丧鶯ס˰ɵļͦǹ
̣ҵСܵͳɣ
Ҷʱѵȼ䣬΢΢һ㶱㼴ףݷɺ죬ȴҶ⿪ѩæѰɵĿȥڿ£ͦǹʱ˳ܿκ죬̬ģȴӹȳ⵱ȻҶ㣬Ҷ㰴ס׻ͦǹס˸ͷ˳غ˶ʱůʪ
Ҷ˿ȡİɫףɺܵĳʱкƮݡҶ㲦¶ļͦǹʺӣСĽܿҶһۣɻһҶ㲻еһͺһ¶Ц⣬ָҶĴһ£ҶЦĸ̫ˣ
ֱܿЦҶһۣоȻ˴δйģȻڶ״ĿжʱҶΧҶ۳סɳؾƷζĲס̾ʱϵķɫ˿ǰʱ׵ƶǳȻطŪҶҴͣӶ鲻ѡ
ܿĴţׯŵḷ̌˳طɵĿƷļͦǹͷܿǾɫεʵ̫ƯˣҶһ¾ͳ嶯붪˵ĸоģκʱѩӰŵ£ĿڽǰϷЩɵĴ̼ǾõĴҩ
ҶԼ¶ʵڶԲ뵽סͷ˳ͦǹϾѻҺྦྷϸ˿ٵĴϢһעҶɫҶ㸧ۻЦ̣ҵͷⰡ
ܿһҶһ£Ҷ̧ɫֱͲȹֿŽɿĳȣźɫ߸ѥסɳأɫϸ߸ڷŹҶߵʱ첼ѩӰһҶܿĻһһŪȥأܿѾ״̬ƺҪЩͷ૵С㣬ЩôԽԽأ˼ڻˣ̫
Ҷ̲סЦ⵱ͷڶܲ˵Ļôܵ˰Ҫͷð
˭ҪͷˣſҵЦأ
ܿʱЦҶһְһ̧ηֿĴȣԴʱǰ̡ܿһͷҶָŪƬʪ۴µŪ
ܿšһҶͷרĶԸ۴ѱʪܵģۺڲסӿůģĸȥſֱϣҶϵĶ΢΢ڶԵķˡҶὫ۴ֿʳָ˽ȥеĺ߳Ҷָȵۺڰѹת࣬һ̽ǰͦεİ飬ܿŤǲܣǻϲӭϣҶٲָٳ壬³Ө֭ҧѹƺ˷ܵнδսй˳
̣ԽԽˣˮҲԶ˰
ʱҶ񾥼ӲͣܣҶǿסĳ嶯ֿιȥͷŪͷӴе죬ܿɡѽһ˳ƺҪҶ㱧סΣͣҵ۴򶯣ʪɢŨĳϢҶмޱȣϸܵ
ܿİͷѩֱϣһ࣬΢˫ĲҶѹסͦǹĺһΡҶѳϣ΢΢ףһͷκϾʳ飬һ̽ΣҶ𽥼ӴϵҲԽԽ죬ײܿʹǳ죬ۺڻһƬĻﲻϿϣͻȻеҶæתδĥܿ׻һ±ϣҪſϣҶƿͦ㣬̲ס
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裬Щ첻׽Сıǲǳ˼ĺ밡
ҶһܿԲ̢һЦ̣СԹսǲǸо̼أ
С㣬˼ܲˣԽԽ˰
ֽֿܿУ˲ˣѩ׵ļɺͳһķۺɫѩſӰסοһ渧ĳһ治סǡܿĴȺϾӨһƬɫĿҲʪˡҶ¸Ҳʪģͦǹ·պӲܣȴ쳣ÿһγ붼ܲǿҵĿС
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ܿԽԽ̱ҪѹȥϲС飬㡣Ҷ㲻ͣײľȴһƽֻᴫУŪ޵ȷϵܰ
ѩŽܿɵôӰȴɬޱΪ鲻ѡܿһֻһĬȻƬ̣Ϸۺ³֭ԽԽŨԽԽҷҶ̽һѣͿۺľջ٣ȻὫʳָ˽ȥ
۰С㣬Ҫ
ܿһ£ȴܣҶһͦһʳָŪӦٻ壬խСľջٽסָҶ㲻ͿѨ³ģͣ¼ͦǹĳ壬רĶԸĺͥ
ѩһ渧οܿһʱ׼ŵҶٻ۲תޱȣɫȴ˷ܣҶаЦ裬ܿ򣡡
Сϲ۸˼ҡ
ѩ˿ؽţȴһԾ𣬹ܿľջ١
ܿһѩҪĥ㰡
ѩȴʳжָۺٳ룬ͷɵžջ١ӰȻҶյúӳǽչлңﻹɬŮӣһκͰݶ˰ϷȻǺܿѩ㣬һĻǿĿɿڴ
ѩΪͣǺɫֱͲȹɫͦҶǰϰڶҶмһĶȹһץסſɳ϶׳ĺɫͷ߸ͳѥǸɧ˵ɫϸ߸һ§סϸֿι˽ȥ
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ѩۺȻǻʪȴȻһû뵽Ҷ׼ܿķΣȴͻȻսĹ֮С
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Ҷͦһ温ȥעϵĶ
ѩ⿪ܿƬ⣬ſľջɦŪܿеĲסҶγͦǹٺһЦߵ󣬵ܿԴȥЦ̣ôˣ
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ܿ糺죬ߵͷȥѩµЦҶģҶʾĹڳĴˮͿĨܿľջҶļͦǹϣȻҶؽͿ齫Ҫսĵط
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ܿҶٲͿ˴ˮָָԤȲջٵĿȡ
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ܿ𣬡һҪҶһѹסķ۱һֱסΣʱܡѩתİ飬۴ܿɳ
ѩԼĹڳ֭֮ܿ첻ϵĴˮϤͿҶļͦǹܿľջ٣ҶּＷȥܿٱѼͦǹеҶֹסȷС˲ظòȥһ룬Ҷ㲻룬ת鶯
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Ҷм̲סٳխĺͥҧס޴ļͦǹʱǿҵĿС
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ѩһֱϴ̼ʱЦ㣬𣿡
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С㣬˼Ҫ˰
ܿһȴһ˿ҲҲʹǿŤۺͻȻסͦǹһ˱Ҳ̱ȥҶֻβһ飬ͦǹͻȻͣɽȻҽҪæסء
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ҶЦγֲܿĺͥͦۺȴܣѩҶ⣬ĬȻҶҶΣָβ
ҶͦʮΣγһִۺ壬ֻܿһƬþٷֲۺͺֻͥҪҶ壬ֹǿҵĿۣҶͦԽԽ죬ɫ԰㲣ۺȴȻͣ³һŨģѩ̧Ц㣬Сأ
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ѩҶһۣܿЦСŲģ㣬ǽС۵İ
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ܿﰧʣͣϢһᣬʲô¶Ը
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ҶγͦǹɺȾܿѣʱճҽȻסѩһЦС㣬㿴ľջʢˡ
Ҷͷȥܿľջѱɸˣ¶ʺ⣬׻ҽɺѪ˿вϻͱ۴׳ɸСͷ΢΢⿪ɼһƬǼ۴ķҵ࣬ӨҺ˳ŴڲϥǣƥҶ㲻ɺٺЦ
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ѩһɳһǡӵӰЦǲǼӰѽ۶˼鳡滹˵ҲĽ
ӰܿһۣطܿȻƣ㲣ȴ޵ʣʳſֵĴɫɼ糺졣
ҶӰԵЦİɣСзִģǵģôĸҵͷ⣬᲻κһΪ˵ģ
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ӰޱȣشͷȥҶҧ۵ĶЦ㿴ôõĴϷ벻Ҫ
Ӱ˼ҿܲ˴ġ
ҶЦ㵱ȻܺʹһŮĹˣϾڵģ㻹ǱȽϽһЩģ
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Ҷ㸩ѹӰȣǳɫŵмʪһƬ·ҵڹɼ䣬ҶؽͦƬйҶЦС̣˺ܾ𣿡
Ӱͨ죬εߴص˵ͷѩһֱԿţʱЦӰʵҲ֪ղſɿˣ㵱ʱ벻Ҫ
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Ҷһ߼Ӵ̢һЦ̱ȽϷԲһЩС̾ԽһЩǻ껹۵Ŀһͳˮ
ӰܲҶԵС㡭Ц˼
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Ҷ˫ȣ񾥿ٵĳ룬ӰȻҲǸƯĴ˶ȴŮսһӭƬ̾ȥҶ˹һͦһŪľջ٣ӰɰŪ
Ҷȴֵ̽Ӱɼ䣬۴ճʪаЦС̣ղһƸҪҪͽأ
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Ҷ̾˿ܿѩӰϽ§뻳һḧһ⣬һĸ˵𽵹Ƹ꣬⣬ޱȡ


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ŮûԬǿתͷҶ㼸˷ɧû˵䣬ڷ̾ͱˣʼYYԬǿԱߵҲ˵ǰϧһʻû˸Ȣĸϻ
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к֮죬еĽ̹ٶѷѵøԴķϯضۿн̹ٺҶġд衯һĺûᣬ˭֪͵ɷģΪҶ۷ѧԷʼź


352
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ҶĶһٶȼ٣þҶֻԶҽʹһŵأҶļ˹ȥյҲƴʱԸϡΪսپԲԱ̹ٸһ̹ܽ٣Ҷֻ˫Ӳ˫ŵ칦
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ӲԼĲٻû£Ҷзһͣ¹ɣûٷӳĻᣬ˵ıؾ֮·ʹɾһپ쵹ȥҪصɲǣһŵ׼ԾСȴҶ
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ĽޣܹȴΩû뵽һ棬Ҷ޴վԣȰֲ֪ôڣȰ˵ȥ͡
Ҷ׹׹飬ٱ͸ӽ̺˲٣ǳһ˿Ц⣬ҶۡһЦػشǡ︴գҶôʱرҲոտɥŵһٱֹ
ҶɵɵһЦ

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Ҷֺٵ밴֮ϣҶѹϣҶֺɲɸպðٵ˫֮䣬ٱܵļн˫ȣȴϲҶּ˸һ͹֮ײ˹ȥ


353

˵ĽҶٳֳһ˿⣬ͨҶӣȴⲻҪִٵֺݺݵذأҲʹѹȥָݽٵ͹Եæȴ˵ĽӴӽܡ

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Ҷ˽ѵĵزȴԨ
ٵ͵ҶĲӣŬȵĺ촽ҶĴȥĿڱǼ䣬ٽڶҶĦȵ֮ǣһеһ޲˷ʳŮζഺҶǵֵסķ
ҪһۣĿΡﲨҶ㿴ţȫĵһһɫϼʵĽݸӶˣĵգҶڴϢţѰٵĳȺ촽ӭȥ
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ҫ۵İ׻εҶͷԷǣǺӲӵӣҸĿɿڴ˵Ӳӷ⣬סϣһҡԴһʹ˱˱ֻֻ˱ֻֻ
ٱۣ죬ڵشϢţȫͣس鴤ҶץסֲԾļǸʵϺݺ꣬һ鱥ĳʵУʱеĿ飬еĵ¡ǶȻȥֻ׷̲סɱдһƺ˵޾㡣
߿ٵӣ࣬ټʵ۵壬һ˵ˬУҶ˷ܣ뿪ٵӣҶĴ˳ѩ׵һ·ӳеǸʵ壬Ҷ̲סſһںסٵ壬Ӥ˱ʱͷŷۺɫٿ£ʱҧССĶޢǰٴУ̲סĺֱС
Ҷ˫֣ǻԲ̵ͦķμʵ۵ĴȲסߣֱٵѩʥ壬Ҷ㲻ϵ£вסϮٵԺһ˵壬ĸоٻֱ
Ҷ㻺طٵϣٶ΢ŵӣ˫ֽҶľĲҶ㣬һ˫ߵĽ壬ĥ׳أҰڶ
ٴʱȫ쳣Ҷ֮£ٶȸһУſӣڣҶֵͷľһָǽҶıϣǲͣḧš
Ŀ֮У·һһ˴˼⣬Ȼ󺣣ǹƺȴԽԽ󣬲˿ٷĴҵѼнҶ˫ѲԾػҶ㣬Сˮ߰㲻סŤǹ˷ĥҧ˫ȭȣŤΡͷڿз裬Сɽ裬˫۽գü΢壬󷢳첻
̹ܽ٣̹ܽ١
ԶĽеŮҶڴϢٵͷش˱ԶѣȳȥӦһǣҽȥ·
˵ҽŵʹһһߵŮҡ
ҶصңоȫˡԬǿ۾С컨ؿۼԽԽ࣬ضҶ㷢˽˵ϴʲôʱкô
Ǹ˵磬ʵ̫NBˣ̹ҲᣬСԺ͸Ŵˡ
иŵģϴŮûҸ˵ѽҽ㳤ǸŽƯ
˵һŮ˵һǧֻѼӣҶ㿴˱ŮҲ̶ã˷ܱŮ˻˭˵ıҪǿأ
мܵҶشߣͻشǱߣк͵÷һҶ칦ɱȲ书ͷۣҲûȺҺĺ֮СϿɲŮ϶ģһȺΧţζֱǿ಻ԣҶм֮ʣˡ
Χʲôоôѵ˵С˼졭
ûŮ̹˵꣬һҶΧˮйͨѧ˸Ӱ٣Ľ̹ǰûеõùӳԡ
Ҷվ룬ǰĴҲ̫ˣЦſһЦŮ̹٣ȻŮ̹Ϊ
ȻŮ̹ʹҶһۣȵҶ㣬
һ˵ͷȥԶңǰĬĬ·Ů̹ͻȻתͷžҶʵҶ㣬֮ڣͰ̹ܽٸſˡ
ҶĵҲҴһܰɣô˶ǱӰ
ȴǫ̹ܽûȫ
Ů̹ٲÿɷص˵ͷεʵ֪̹ܽٵô
Ҷãҡҡͷʵʲôԣ
ԭ㻹֪ѽ
Ů̹˵ƮҶ㣬̾˿ҲشתǰȥǼ伸ģգŮ̹ͣ½Ųת̹ܽ칫ҵ㣬Լȥ
꣬תߣˮôһӵľ硣
ˡ
ҶؿšҶô
ٵĻһ˿Σһϲá
ٽ㣬ң
˲ŷôһϵٽ̹ܽپԵˣҶֻӲͷƤϡ
㻹ûԷɣҽ˶׼һһԣĳʦջǺܲģ
ȻҶı֣ٸе⣬ҲῴϵءһҶ㰵²Ƕһɣ
ٵݹģҶܸжϾϣһҲܸܵһУͷˡ
Ҷپͷҵؽÿ˶һѵҶҿҶǴŵģ򡭡߼л˵ǳʱҪԵ㣬ԺһС


354
ҶĬĬĳԣٺضʱʱһˣŽ׽ڣ£칫ֻü׽
Ҷ㲻̧ͷΪһ̧ͷͻˮ͸ᣬ¶ŰĽͣһļȳҶķͲвɾĲݵӡ
ϵĿʢһݸҶ㣬˵ȵҭˣ
ˣߣǶȥ
ϸһ˿Ρٽ㣬ԺһҪμӾѵô
ҶӲͷƤʵһۣ߰ɣֲϻ㣿
Ʈһ˿ߡ
Ҷֻ̾ĬĬٵܼܸ࣬ɾһֺˬĸоҶ㰵
ﻹȥɣȻª˵㣬һҲòʲôûȥãרŵæɨܾòãҲԼʰˡ
ٽܸɣ
ҶĻϢһ¡
ҶְƵɳϡҶЦôûбˣѵҪ㣿
û꣬;쵽˻ﲡĨƬϼ
ԼŰϳ
ĵؿҶһۣתȥ
Ҷ㻹ûӣپͶ˽ˮðˮһë֣ˮšëŤɣչҶ΢΢һЦ˵С㣬Ұ촽ϵ֬
һŨܵëﴫҶı׵رϵζȻëõģ򲻻ôŨ
ˣٽ㣡
Ҷû뵽ٻһסٽ㣬ʲôٽ㣬ٽģҰ
ٽԼ
Ҷæҵмšðɣ
ݸһЦְëݸҶ㡣
ҶëҲǣҲ˵ȥŲ֪ôźá
ԹؿҶһۣԹôˣҵëɾ»

Ҷ˳ȥܸɴزԼӡ

һҶ˵ëϴٴŤɣչֵݸҶ㡣ŰѸе׵ľҶҲƴǣܸɴٴνӹٴβãδôһΣҶɴҲʹ˲
Ǻǡ
̴³ЦǳǳһЦӹҶݻصë˳ַˮУӣתȥ
ʧӰҶ㳤һ鲻ԽĨĨͷִоͷ˼֡ٴ˳ûʲôҶ㲻ɴһݺݵؿɳϡ
پֱߵҶ㱳ִı˵ɵ㣬㰴Ħһ£
찡Ұɣᣡ
ܣᣬǸ֮ʣҶȴηͻԸޣ̹ܽ٣ҲԸˮСŮˣɿЦٽ㣬ô鷳ˣСû£ŸúúϢģҲһ죬Ϣһ˵ɣ
ôĲԣңҸģ
ŷüãٽӣҸеһϰߡ
Ҷڹĵ׵Ļ˵˳ؿҶһۣ˼η˵õģ֪ôˣ

Ҷ㳤һæתƻ⣺ٽ㣬˵иʲôԣ
üͷǷİɣ
ҶһԻ飬ٽ͵ǶӵŮ̹ѽ
Ҷ˵ͷֻһ£ʲôҲû˵ҿӺ֣ǣ˰ɣ
ٽ
֪ô
ٰҶһۡ˵ˡ
ҶΪΣŰҶ㣬׿ϣ΢ţ鴽ЦֻҶҸ첲Ц֪ɱӴ
Ϣӯϵ㣬ȶˡϸʱʱ̶̿ںҶļ໥ǽεӣС죬𲫻궯Ҷʢܿ˷ӳ׼ѻмѹ£Ϊʱ򣬲֪ΪκεӰͻȻԺ֣ǡȢԸ׹ݺݵѣҶ
û˵ƺ˻֮У˫΢գͻȻðһ䣺С㣬˵ô
ٽʣеľɫˣ
Ҷ㼸£ĻǹλĻҶȻðĵ׻˵˳
ͷʹԼܿø³һٻ˵СӾҰܺǿر赶Ūͬ£ѧʱǸıϰָǸ¿ˡ˾ԱСͶҼѵʮʱҿ˾УȻӸҰˣھУ׷ҵȴӶˣߵĶƨɺǸһȺˣˣŪһҲûˣҷˣרǵĴ̣ȴҴ֣ƤȳǽˣҲû취ȻҵĲм꼶ȴ򲻹Ҳǿ˶٣ǷÿҪ˵ʱҴ󱬷һΣ˾ᣬᣬһκ׷ҵȻһЩû꣬ʵΪһŮһǿģƲƲһʣµļȻҲûۣٶһһøеġʵʱĿаӵЩ˸Ͳ꣬ǼǸеĸ֣Ȼǲ˶٣һǴ򲻹Ϊ˰ѲӬҲϿΪ˰Ҳſ£ҷ˷Ƶѵһ磬ҰǶԼһطǵ˵󣬲˭ֻҪܴùңڰҴſ£ķڷҾŮˣ˵ﲻ˵ҶҲܰѺ鶼²˾Ųʮˡ
̾ˣŮഺҶˣٴҹλ֮ʣˮ˹ҵӣҵİճ֣ǻԼһСŮˣܵõ۰ﾡ
ˮģ˫ۣţţճյأĿתؿҶ㣬ΡߡĽҸϿתŨܵγˮĴʱͻ˼͵µ谭
ȫ¼ٲҧȭ·ʲô͸żᶨ̴£С㣬Ů˰ɣ
ģۺ飬Ϣᶯ̴΢ţոǺ͸Ĵ鲪ջĺҲѳֲס
ٵֱףҶһʱ֮Ӧʵٽ㣬û°ɣ
ȱܣشҵĻȡ
Ҷ٣Ե˵ϲҶҾͿʼϲˡ
ϲʲô
׷ʵ
ңϲš죬ȵͲ̬ɢŸ߹Ϣ˲עĿ𾴡֮һһ̧㣬һһЦ¶һĨɢȥܰ㣬Ʈݵ㷢毺õġļظԲβ֡޳ȣϸɤǿƵ֮һҶϲ
Ҷϵ˵


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ңϲš죬ȵͲ̬ɢŸ߹Ϣ˲עĿ𾴡֮һһ̧㣬һһЦ¶һĨɢȥܰ㣬Ʈݵ㷢毺õġļظԲβ֡޳ȣϸɤǿƵ֮һҶϲ
Ҷϵ˵
ٱҶǷĵ¡ȳϡ֮ʸжˡĻᣬֿƺͷϸƮ䣬һÿմȾóò㺣Ķ޷Լĸ飬תץס֣Լϡ۾ϣȻĵصǾ˵ϲģֻҵˡ
ҶȻǣûģҾõҲûá˵õˣٵõģҶڱصá
˵ʱ̹ʡʮ㣬ĵ
˵ϣԽƷ񣬼ڶǰӰӣѾĬˣüĿ΢Ҹᣬʱһ˶״
Ҷ˫ְӵڻΪᡣ˭֪ˮբСӣԽԽ࣬Ҷѡ˫ͷ۽ޣȥϵˮǵϵۣᰮڵۣԾֻȦסԼؿڣϢһʱңԶĽءһһоű˴˵ůһһ˲ļ¶
ӵһ𣬻ŶԷ·ܿ죬δŴơһ˿ҵĶˣĻܽӴҵöͬʱԺ仹ûʲôŵİ氮˸еĿ糱ӿȼκζܽ˿ֹ̼ͣ
˫ۣ΢΢̺촽ҶϬס촽ĴĥſС죬۵ͷĿǻΧͷת
Ҷ˱ʪǣٽСָıҶ˫ִϸСԲ̵ѩȥͣΰϴٵ촽䷢šš˫ֽŴԲ̵ѩλƣִӺƵǰĸоͦ
еһݵ۳嶯ƵȫůĴ֮ʹ飬ֻһɾ޴࣬ظ³ȥ˰ҺĲϣڼʱеʮֿ飬õĳʵ
ĵбʮ۾һۣƵﲨ۰׵һȾϼҶ㽡׳壬Ť֫һ˫ѩ׷۵ĴȽЮĦҡظͼڵĿ顣
Ȼ޼£ܣֽرǰĥƵ䶯ŤԽԽҡ
Ұ㣬š
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ٿİʵ޷ͣһƽյֺͶׯĵ˵С㣬Ұɣ
Ҷ㿴ߺ۾ǲͣŤѩ׻Ľ˷ܵǣͺţϹˡ
Ҷ۵ĴȸٵĻ˵ʪֶճİҺߵתͷļ򣬲ڵı飬Ҷ㽫ָۻϸ
Ŭѹźţšָֻٶ룬԰ѽ
Сֽץ֪ν˽ţš
ì֪ܵǷӭǾܾ
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Ҷ㺬סеĶ˵ţѾʪ͸˰ճİҺմ֣ҶָԲ壬ǵ𡭡Ҳ
»סĲӣҧŴֹԼ
Ҷſںס̺޵˵Ҿܺð
Ҫ
ټ͵ĻζšҪʲô
ҶָҰڻ鶯
гԵҡҪ
Ϣ§סļͷŲڵأҶ㱧۵壬ĴȽн޳Ĵָ̧մŨİҺ̽ڡ
Ȼʹѣ㡭е㡭ۡ
סҶһһнŪţϹҡ
ҶסٵķۼǳǣҧĶ£ȵ١߽Уٸʵأֵͦ鷿ţͷ캬ס˱Ҫʲô
׽ײֵ߮ļٽعͷˮĴ۾ɵĿҪġ󱦱
Ҷٰ۷鷿ﺬεĻӦţͷ򶯣ҶнʹӲҶִŸոձӲģ컻һߣζͷͣתȦǹʹʪĻꡣ
ššҡ˼ܡˡ
ٷεֱסҶͷҶ־ƽԸеСϸ۶̵Ĵϣֵš
˫ϥڲ࣬Բ¡ΰ꣬űС캬ʪܵǹˮۻҶٷĴæϵſ˫ȣסˮеǹŲѩ׵ͷѷĵĹϡ
Ҷͷڻĥ£մճģƨɲǰһͷˮڡ½ĴаΧ֧ǹٵĻûٶʱˬĽϡŶ
ĻỬеԵůĤҶĲֵȻǡ顭
ٸе׳˶ͷƿ꣬ڵпܶƽ
ҶеЩصֿűڽ˱Ŀнǹûмųͣѹ⻬壬ŤΣܵԼĤİͲС
ٽ㣬ĴŮĤأ
ҶЩʵ
ңԼŪˡ
ɫÿҪѪˡ
ǲԣѵ֪Ϲר𣿡
ҶݺݵضһµȻЩˣΪͯϱȻԼԼŪˣˡ
졭찡󡭡㡭
ټٽ
Ҷ߳ŭѹסٷ鷿ʪֻֽøоҶԽԽسͣڷ̡̡ˮˮ
Ť޳ĴȾҶڻΣ۵鷿Ҷؿڣһ޵һԱԣҶſůŬͦǹھεĻͦͣͷײۻо
ҧסǿҵĿУӿʪܵĹǹޡҪ̫̫ˡˡ
Ҷֱ˫̧һֱǰѹҶͷѩ׽ŨڲǰĽֺ΢΢һʮԸˡҶס㺹ĽܵͦŤƨɣǹڻȻɿ
Ŷ
ٱս˫Ҷһδεĳͣ
޲Сߺߡ顭ᡭ
Ҷ§۵ͷӣ࣬³Ҷ˱˵ĽߡҶץס廬ԲΰϣͷӲĺ˱ţ̽ȥ⻬Ĵȸë׵ķݴԣָⲦʪĻ꣬ỬĻظŪҲ̧ʪܵĻӭϣ͹Сѿһͻֱʪïʢķݡ
ð㡭
ٽȸ߸߾ҶͦβͣӭգҶøҧҶļ򣬡ϡ
Ҷ㱻ٵ̼ĸͷӹٵͻȻŸߣһһůӿͷҶĳţѱʪ͸ľȥŪţ˽С
Ҷָһ켷ٽеĸŵˣŶŶá
ٿܵͦӭӣֱҶϣááҡˬˬ
˽ܵţ̱ˮв
ΣŤֱҶȼٴθ߸ߴǹŵ˵˼һҪ㡭
Ҷƽڴе٣ԼˮУԼƽڴֻٵϸ޹ǵ建𣬵ýǶȣʪ󡢻΢Ļ׼Լ²ǹ£
ӲͦεǹһŶ룬ٲһеķ֪ʹ໹õĴ
һαŮϵưŪţоǹƺøղŽϵĵطҶץ۰ȥԼϣ˫תס˫飬ͣץ
ѩ׵˫ͬʱ̼̲ܵסͦεŤβһδײҶĹɼ䣬ǹϵسػ岻ĻһʽŤֳӲͦĴǹÿһ¶ش̻ٻеĻо
ÿһζδйУҡţʱ¼ˮ飬һеֺޱҪٷкеֽǶȺʱ񴭡ʱ߽УҵͶԭʼ׷󡣱޵ݣ˿ֻʣ޾̬ղ峺˫ȼ֮ܵ
ŮⲫĻͿĴϢ֯ö£Ҷ˫ֽ§ס޹ǵϸִǹʼŪҶԲļͦ鵴һѣĿĲˡ
ǿĴ̼£ԺһƬհףһѣ⣬Ҳ벻ǹСڵĳ鶯ԽԽңһŷƮƮֱͻȻ˫Ƚ壬ȫҲ˻ߵš
ͷ˫ۣϸִǹڵĸܣ΢̧Σͷιĸо̲סַɿ£ͷӹڶŪ
ðá
ټӿŪٶȣײžžžײǹΪˮߴߴ
Ҷϣ˫ֽ§סҶϲͣšǻˮ߰Ťɧ˵ģҶ޷ͣץסָʮ鷿᲻صţ뽿۵Ĵȸ
壬ųջ鷿˷ܵؽӨ͸СŲˮУ΢̧𻨰Ҷĳͣš㡭á˼ҡˬ
Ҷ㽫ٱߣſڴϣҶ㽫ǹס룬ִͷֿ곯Ż룬Ҷǹȥ롣
԰εĿУխĻӦҶĳߴ󣬱ŪĿиԿܡ
ҶӺϸ-žž-ײ⣬ѩ׽ͦ鷿Ե÷ѩҵİڶҡ鲨ҶĺҲļ٣Ĵѩ׵ƨɣѩ׵ƨɱıͨ죬ֻʣµ͵͵ૡ
ҶӴĵϰʧȥ֧ȫſ˵ϣԲȻ߸ߵͦţ۵ĻѪ죬ǹճҺ岻ϴҶ㱧Բƨɸ⡣鷿ȥգƷٺ촽﷢ʮõĽ
ֻǸȫʵŽխضľ޴ǹԽ徹ȻԽ뻨ڣһʶ֮ԽԽʪ妻ԽԽҰ壬ǹҰطֿսޱȵĻ꣬˶ԲĹͷֱؼСխĻڣֿڵճĤ⣬شǻİСڣȻǺŵĽۻͷ˵۸պõִ档
Ҷֵǰ׽סĻζƵ壬ţٵĽҲøӼ٣ѽѽˬ
һ˻ɢදپסǿҵĴ̼һ󼱴ٵĽ񴭡޹ǡ˻ȫǸһԽľΡ鴤еճĤزĴִǹϣһƻȵС

һް꽿䣬խС񹬿ڽס˶ĻԲͷٷһƬѣ˼άһհףʺ˵ӣһת䣬ٴлŮļ۷塣
й٣̱ҶĻ§ţһȵĳˮСθ߳ԵôĽΣǿ籩ϣӣϹҪ˼ҵˡ
˵ĻǱҩҪ˷ܣҶ㻹δ§ٴʱŷⶴǹӲģʧɫģŶ˰ɣʵڲˣܡܲˡѽ
й֮󲻿ٴεд̼ģҶһ£ӣĶͷǼ⣬ܰһС


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ֵܻǹɹɵĶƤصңһٷ˽СʱһؿſˣҶҲòȥ󺣴ͷݹ˼֣ųݵҲһήҲӣֵܴ󳪴ţһҡĻεѧУŲš
ڴӲٵص绰
ԬǿѾ磬ûᣬ绰ҲԶź鲨û绰ʵã˭
Էź鲨ø缸֪һЩ飬ԴΪڵ˲پƣҲֻҶ⼸ȵ˶ԣʱ˧֮͵Ȼ޴档
ֻ˸ţź鲨һѰѵ绰ԵϣҶ㺰磬ĵ绰ǸŮġ
ӷݵҵ·Ҳ̣Ǽȫͽ߻ģҶϾƹʦ£ҲǸƾˣҲ˴룬һΣҶѸ绰
ι㡭
δ˵ͱһ󼱴ٵĻϡĶȥˣҲӰNε绰Ҳû˽ӣڶʮˣҵҶү㲻Ƿȥ˰ɣ
ϸ𱸣ȴȫ˲٣Ҷ;ܽģȻҲȴȴӰ졣ֻɻʵ˭

绰ͷһĵЦġġ
ЦƺעħҶ١
ôżȥ˻Ͱ˼Ҹˣ
Ůƺ϶ҶУѡ˵úܴ磬콿
˰Σͻ֣Ҷ㼸˰ٷ֮һٵİա
Ȼ֪ҵ֣ôҶСС㣬ԽҿǱĳֻѽ
콿ջʮʹڵ绰кܴɱҶԺȫ콿ʱ˵Ĺģ
£
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ѽǴչ۷ģ˼ҿǰ͸ˣ˼ҿʱ޿̶㣬˼ô
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ҶҡͷЦɲΪ콿ԲǺãɵÿһ㣬ڹԢſڵأ㲻㣬Ҳ㣡
ָǵ콿εץסҶѨ˵绰嵽ϴ˰ͷԣҶҲǱֱ߳Ҵš콿ʱһɫĵȹش¶⣬۹ɨҶҲɰ̾ú̹еһƴ
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ϾȻϸִһһƣİ˵İռŮ˵ԣκŮ˶ϣӵһȫİǰѰһ壡
󺣼֪ŮԼȥΣҲû˹ҶһͰǳˣΪŮǰһӡ󣬸缸ϴ֮ͶΨһһ龵չ˼ᡣҶһ߿ţҡͷЦǻһŶߵЧʣҪʲôʱŪѽˣǣȥʳˣǿŰɡ
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Сӣ콿ԱĸƷŮ˵ǸӵĶӳŷ𣿡
ԬǿһԺ鴨ü۵Խ貨ðеǹ⡣
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콿ǸΪƯüҶ㼸˸սŵʱȥҴңûз˾ɫڴֵԬǿź鲨ͬʱͣеĶĿתضһһ
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콿Ҷ㼸ˣü˵ѧУŷ򡣡
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ķü΢Ҷʱһ㱣·ֻʣһӣһǿĻΡ콿Ҷ۾˫΢֬ҲƵķۺɫ˵Ľˣѵҵ֮˻벻ķۣ
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ԴŮӱ㿴óӺεͯٵ٣ֻҪͶŮԣҶ㼸߲,Ҳͬرǳȵĸ!ʵһִδй!Ĺ콿ǵҲǰı֤
Ѱͨɫ嶯ջӣȻ³˵ĹĹ콿ȴƽҲԸԼ۵ӣ־ȽϼᶨһٸʣҶκҶʱʧأȴɹƳջʹҶҲû˶ãֻܸҶһ谭ҶκͯʱŮĴϴģ콿ͨȫʧȥá
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ҪĴ²ŻῪ貶Ŀʱ콿΢ĺǻУչҫ£ҲͬĵĶ!ನԶȴҶ󺣡ź鲨ܴ׳˵УҲ·𾪺һԾƵһɲľ޸о!ҶվԭأȴǸӶֶģżԥã̾Ϣȴ!ظоһ治ʵţһȴǼ콿Цʣ콿֯л׹ȥ׹ȥ!֮ľ룬ڲԾĽš
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콿!һŭĴеŮҶ콿е޴ĸо֮ɫ콿ϣԼԼ֪ͨһǰ콿ŤţϱţҪ˭Ҷ㻹ǹ죬ԵϷΪֵھȻȫĵİҶ㣬ѵմ㷴ϹۣһЦ!콿Դ˸壬Ҷ̾˿ٵ˫ۻȣⲪŷҪƺ󣬾ԼϰĻŷҵ̫ˣȫҶ˭Ҳܿܵ!Ҷۣ룬⵽ôһ£Ϊʲô콿еӰΪʲôĵ׻ŨŨİ!ʱȥˣûκ·Ҷûȥҹ콿ŷ콿ŷҲûҹ֮Ҳй绰ϵʱ㹻ҶܶˣȻȻ֪ΪʲôԼͻȻ֮Ͷ콿ŨŨİ⣬ⲻӰҶ
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ŷ֮ŮС͹ŷſڡֵһݹⶼʱʱҫ֪ӺʱȴûκȤʶ̫˵İķУ˶Ϻףǲмһˣ˿˺ڵ۹үүκˣҺڰĸףӢۣƽѪҺڵӢۣڵĺҲûκүүһĳɾͣ
ΪȽѪһ˷ĪҶܾμƿصѧУӣ콿飬˺⣡콿˽ƷԼκ˶콿壡⼸ûȥҶ㲻ͻȻ֮תԸ˺ģ콿ҶɣҶ㼸ֵ뱾УУӵıƵں콿ܵͶˣǰ˵ҶϵľҶȤʱæųﱸүүգûʱȥǵıƵҶУӵıҲΪؼҶûֳȥۿֱ콿Ҷ˺⣬ƵΪ˵õҶ㣬ΪУӵĽ¶ᡮCBAѧĹھٸҶһλᣡȥУֻõ˵ڶԶʹֻ߰ھ鳹ʧ˼Ȼղûжֻ֣ӵȴһֱ֪ƾУڵֻԴֻھ飬ΪѩݣֻʱʰҶ˼콿ȥ
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ÿ߶һһŮˣ֮ľԶ˺Ůȴܽһ磬ǶϸţҪҧŮ˵ĶԼŮƺҪԼȫװ˵۾ϣڻﻹӲҪԼÿһֶߵˡ
ģȴʮʱһȺŮĳҹɳʱǺܺõģҶȥʱ򱾾Ͳλþʣ޼ˣ콿Ȼ΢ЦţҶ콿߽ʱе˶̧ͷ콿Դž޺֮˴ͷŸִӽŸͷ֮һŮקЩ˵Ķ䣬ǵԼزЩŮѾڸ̾ԼĲҺ˵ĺɫˣŮǿʼ˽±ΪĴ֮
콿һ¶˿ʺɫȹԸ߹ġСֵ֬óһ鹵˿ޣϸС˶β벻ۡһ·崿ʱʱ΢ЦųࡣУ԰·콿ϸ۲Ҷ֯ԡ
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Ƭ̲콿ػҶֻ̧ͷȴ콿֮ɫ۾ȴûо۽ι!콿ûлعųҪԵľҶ콿ѩ첲
콿ɴãȻȻǳԼ֮СС㣬Ĳ֪ô˵쿪һЦ!ߵľ۽콿ع񣬶Ҷ㳤̾һεҡҡͷ콿С㡯ҶĵԷһ˿ȸԾҶܿ鵫ȴԼãȻȻ֪УˣҲ㣬ʲô£˵ɣ㶵!ŷİûܿܣҶҲ!콿ǿװЦҶ۵Ľ콿κһ˺ץ콿ָܷܷźɵ˵ĵ׵Ļ
ҶһܼÿЦ콿žŲᣬͿɬضҶ۾һּŪŶϵĿȱĵ˵ǵģ²ûȷˣеĲֹ㣬һңҲ˵ҰԼҲ!Խ˵Խ٣Ȼһ˿ȴŨŨĲ!ҺϿһЦ!˵һоʹ̹ܽ٣˵书İ!Ļ׵գ԰ɣŷ!֪ǻег֪֪ŷүүʡʡίǡĶͷ˾
֣˺ЦǷѵõܣŻ࣬콿𽥻ָľ꣬Ĳ𽥵ȥ͵ζȴԽԽࡣ
ȻǶˣһʲô˵ģ˵Ķ!Ҷǣһ˿Цָ˾ħŮεص˵ͷҶһ۵Ц콿бŷʤϲã˶ֺƶ
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Ҷش콿ŶεЦЦ˵֪ɻΪӦǿ󣬲Ӧ־ʧأ԰ɣ
Ҷ˵ͷ콿ֽ˵:ͨȻ־ʧأʩչֺγͨأһ϶ɵĹǻߵ磬˵㣬˼ʮɮҲֵ!ҲԵɺ֮½˿֮һγɹʩչĹǻƫƫվҵĶ濴ҡ
˵콿ûټ˵ȥˣҶѾеǰˣʵòϴǿ
˼ӣҶ̧ͷ̾һЦ˵ˣҲû⿪!ȻҲ˵ЩӽֻΪŪңȴ뵽ԼҲ˽԰ɣҲ˵ˣ˵ɣҪô㣿˵ҪЩʲô
콿̾һ̧ͷһҶ񣬶𿧷һСڣϸ˵˵ĶҲԣҽӽǴĿģǲΪŪ㣬˵ͻûҵߣҽӽҲûкôûкôҴȥ!κҲɼӽΪջ㣬˽㣬տ㣬ӦμѧУУӡ
Ҷû˵콿̾˭֪ϿһЦҵ˷һȻҲǸɼ֮ˣҲϣ㲽ҵĺ󳾣Ȼ漣Ѿ֣ŷĿơ
ٵشϢ޵ӣС첨ԣ͸ŷߺҲŴãע⵽ҶϸһǿЦٴСһûŹǵĿɬȣ콿˵˴ѧȻǿҲҵĵУڸҳͷ


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ǰ۴ļʹĵı飬ҶͬܡĹǻΪ߳ɾ͵ȷǷͬ죬Ҫమǣһǻ֮ͻȻİ֪!콿Ҷ⣬ܸܵеĲί
˲»˸λ辰סЩ˵ߣſǰŮɫ֪жվ򱧲ƽӢ۾׳!Ҷ̾һһֽݸ콿콿ֽ˹ҶǿЦЦ̧첲ָֽܷܷز۽ǵۡ
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ϵĽ콿˺ܶ࣬Լŷ鼸Ҷ㣬Ҷڼֱ̣˾Եİղų֡Ҷ㲢ûж˵Լúú룬֪ԼøŬˣҶʮҶ־غܼͣ㹻ʱȥ˽ķ棬Ȼںܶϻһ֪⣬Ⲣĳɳ
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һĻҶص˵ͷŽεεľɫ̴ڣۿԼľ޴ͦرһʪȰݡ޷ݵܣƮƮɣƺɲǣȫÿһë׶ɢˬϢ

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ͯǿװЦ˵ǼȻҾ͸ְɣҿȲڽѧء
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ɫζȫĻһ˸ڵľСʾٸ߳ĳգ˷ͯҶԣҶ㽿ԣоҶͣĵ׶ʱůů⣬һҸζȻĿͯ徵Ҳȫͺ;̾ܵĵϺ꣬ٵνζǰʵ׼ɱɱͯģҶòҸ㲻ŮŮѣԭƾԼľɫ֮˺ͳķѹͯģȻ֪ͯѶˡϧ㲻㣬һ棬ͯǵľɫݣ뵱Ȼ뷨ͲˣͯϵഺϢǱʤһľ˲飬ȽޱǧٲſǻĶȴòͨʶƽ¸ͨ˼Ҷ⣬Ǻε漣Ȼ̸ͯǿ̹ǵİȴɵҲܿģĿҲйⲻϷⲻΣʵʵ
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źҶʼǰܣٶɿ쵽ԽԽ죬ٴγߺٶѾ޿赲
˶ʱûһ˸ҴڴҶľʱݣҪȵĺҶ˲䷢й
ҶѾˣԺһֱ嵽ǰһ׵ʱͻȻһţ߶ȳף˲ãȻһװ˼ǰͷɹ۾ֻԼͷʲôɹȻ۾ͷһͼҶ㿴˫ץһ䡣
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ڻ֮£˲䱻ɢܣοǿ壬Ҷ¶ֱǰ׵غƬ

˴󻩣˻ǵһοܹܺɷƷеľ֪ǾȵĿܣԼ۾˵ܣܣǻþ
찡ҿʲôҾȻ˰ܸˣ
ޣ죬ˣҿ϶ˣ
ֳɽХĻԱǰκһθӾ޴е˶ҶļѹĶҲ˹ߵĺС
ϷйһͨҶ˺ܶ࣬ҵĴҡͷЦֹȷ嶯һ㣬ΪǵСȻƲѣҲúЦŮ࣬ԺӴŮѵκһʶŮܾ͵ƣ
һҶɫԽԽᶨ͵ŷգǣһ˿΢ЦζĴЦ澫ʣ
ʵλϣҶѰ˼Ǯ˵ͨ˼һӿҲıɡ
ббؿڸʻλϵ콿תͷ潿Ĺ˵ӣС죬ЦҶ㣬˵˵У԰ʲô룿
ųŷüһǣһ˿Ц⣬עҲתƵҶϡ
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Ҷƣһм֮ɫƲƲ죬ŷں˵ʲôлģŶ¶ѧУսӵϣ֮ǣֻҪڽϴչ۷磬ұȥһ֮ˣ
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Ҷ˴Ĵָ콿תͷĵ˵ŷŮ㿴ҸƼҶɣǵӾܵõһҪôлң
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콿תתŬԼŬЦ˵ֲȱЩҪʲôһûҪʲô͵ǷһҪ󣬺ô
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콿͵תͷҶգһ۾·۵С࣬¶ɣЦӴǵҶүˣҾǲ㣬ô죡бҧѽ
ҶĵıܹӾ콿´Ĵָð˵СأҿɲҰҪķ˿˺ƬѽŷŮ˵ǲ
˸ȻıҶ㣬ŷŮͬĻỹѽ
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ŷüһСȭͷȻ˼£ߵң
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ŷҶ˵ͷ΢΢һЦ˵Ҷ㣬ᣬҺ콿ȥ·
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һҶЦʵүӣ֪ҿ˵
Ҷһŷ콿¥ңҲ֪Ӹʲôá
ȫҵѣŷϲٴƮһ˿ϼҶˣܲȥɣֻú콿һæҵİ·ȫѵ˹
콿һԸЦҶһ״
еεҶǽסɴ̧ͷо컨ϵ·ʱͷһרҡû콿һֱŵģһԼņ̀ͷļ׼ŷ˼ͱԼ˼˼ֻܿסԼǴģȻӵ𣬵Ҳûӵ£ŷӽҲΪ˽콿£ȻŲίԼƾŷָʹءѰ˼ţһᶨеĿ꣬ҶָЦݡ
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ҶǸѽƵͷԱڣ˱Ÿֻֻص˴үѾˣܼҲûӰҺûдΪһ裬ȻʲôźòˣǽϺõĸζҲǺܲġ
콿ŷŮӷ·˵ĻҶ˴Сʱȵ˯˵ʱǲ١
ĿҶ㣬콿ЦҶ㣬ôûأô˵Ҳڻе˻ѽ
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ʮ½½ʼпˣʱҶ˶ȥ·ˣҶĺɫװƣ콿˵ŷרΪ׼ģѲҶҲֻЦˡû使صĴ˧磬ҲһʣŮ·û̫ʱ䣬Ҫŷİְ֡ŷ˳ǵ̸֮⣬ͬкܶ⣬ռ˾󲿷֣һǣһӪ˼ʮεؿڵϵһУκһÿڶҪ£ĻԱгĻҪõĶࡣǿĹϵ߻ڵ˶쳣ʹǮҲ֡
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ҶĻ˵˶ǮУĳȫغϵУۣᣬˣ˹˹ʱݣƽγ·涷ʤƵӦоС
ŷͺݰȻԵſȥӭӱͣŷֻڻ԰ЦŵȺ򣬸͵ȻҲûĸԹԣܵģһĵλҲŷ˻ǵѣΪ5ܺߣ෴ŷԣ³Ȼ˵ܶ಻ţ񶼱ڵ˼ݣԶαЦİһƬģŷ˵ȻҲ˵ʲôֻǵȻʾⱣڰˡ
콿Ҷְ˶¥ķ䣬Ϊŷõѣרһͷ˲Źţ촽ѾȲһ𣬴ʱ˵Ѳڱ˴Ͽʼ˼е̽
콿һҶ㣬һ˿Թɫ尾Ѿį̫õȻ񵽴Ҷϸšѱ̼ʧǵҶĹʲôطǻȵĴѴ赲콿Բ壬³Ľţ쳣ĻɿرŸָ״ƺҪʱйϡ
оǴֲڵĴԼеϵŪһĵ˳ȻϮȫ콿һ죬һ̬طһԲĹĵСƨҶʹĥţ˵Ĵ顣
įʵ콿ƻҶϣᴽҶϡϡϡͷϣ͵һֻСĸǷѩ׷ĴȷĦҶ塣
Ҷ޼ɵĴŰţ촽סϢߺߵһֻ˳ǹ⻬ıһ·¡оǳһϸļϣȵڽ콿϶һǵҶȫĵͶ޵Ĵ֮С
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Ҷħһò콿飬ѩ׷Ĵȱز͵رҶŴ˹ȥ
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ҶЦŽȹָ˳ƻʪմ˻ȣ
콿һسһ˿Ө˿ߣҶָϢָͷѩ׻ĦţͻȻһס֮Ȼͦĺѣ͵һ󣬶ʱһܴ̼Ĵд콿﷢޷ܵڼٿţŴһ˿ǵı˳ҪңҪҰɣС㣬㣬ҪҰɣ˼Һܣ
̲סǵذˬУ콿ﻹ֣ôͣѩ׵һƬ̣ĽɢϢĴ硣޳Ĵһ֣˿ǻ˿ţ÷磬Ϲ˼Ϲɣʵܲסˣ
ȫ콿˿̻ѵǽƷҪʧ֮УڱǼɢȵϢһ˿ͬʢˣ޷ֵԣ˿һ㻬űȹһزס˽׳ˣϰš
Ҷ㱾һסɫջѪˣ֮ǰѹֵһֱδܵõй˿ֱɧǵŮõֵܵסոУ콿ǷԼʹĥţñһֻٵĶ
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֪˶ãֱ֣Ų콿ŷſ˽صüͷĶж֪Ůһ˿ǿͶǰ˵ޱȰһŤһʹСƨذڶ֮͵ظоʱǷ졣
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֮䣬콿߲ϣڸܺãټѱҲ⴫شţҪеĲеĻȫɢ
Ҷ콿ǽջĴ̼ŰΣȴĿͨһ˲ǣӵխСĴִɲŵһܵ˼伫ֵѾͷܶԳܵġ
콿֪ͷؽ죬ҶڼӴ󣬸Ϊسĭһ㣬ٵģŵģ˷̨˳羴ĽƸ3ǰΪŮԺޱʵģֵúСھκƮһҶСۣ㷢Ҷޱ˶֮С
һһ֮䣬콿ĴԪѾһҶڣŨҵļĻˬͬʱҲ
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Ҷɵˣû뵽һΣԭΪ콿ѾޱȳˣԵֵסҵĳû뵽ȴ
ҵСڣⲻǶ𣿡
Ҷͦʹޱȵе㲻֪롣ܣŷӦعȫ亹ֱð3ﰡһҪǱˡҶĲֺ
ٵ콿Уҡ콿һӭ콿ҵ콿̳ȵ壬һϮò׳ŴϢĿյڸס콿ӣС죬ٶţȥԴ󷢵ۻ壬Լ񣬰סԾԾԵ콿ͺ콿ѣѡ
˫𽥱콿һ˿ţɫ˲ףظֺµĸоŵ˵һŷŮ֪˾Ͳˣ
ȻܣھͳˣҶеЦãǿץ콿ĸ첲Ϊȶŵܹ滺Ҷӡһǣ˵콿𼱣ǽͲŶʮӣʱӦǿʱǲпеʱǵġ
ԣ콿͵һɣƺûһ˿ĿҶϣô˵ڲһ㲻㣬˹ȥһΪ˯˶ˣ㼱
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ڴϵҶ̯˴ϣ3ӹǿϣܿ˵壬ͷ˼ĸЦҲһʱżͷˣǿпտʱ䣬֪ĹͷˣôһŮǰأֻϹⲻҲǵôһΪʲô£Žѯһء
УŹ֣
һŲ콿ܷ۵ָŴŲƨɣ˳Ҷһ·»


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Ȼڽеɫѳǰⶫ䣬۵ܷܷ־͸ȵĹϣҶ㻹ڻ֮о˱仯һĶѽذס˷ܲѵľ޴ͦͷ²ѵμˣ`Ҷ໬ı
콿ĶʱʱʱʱǳϴѧУʳõʱ콿ȻһЩҪ졣
޴каҶ㣬ϢţţϸϸƷλŵͬʱϵĶҲڲϵļӴ콿໬ıѲۡ

һѹֵƺߣҶ˼ӵ콿ǿĳķѿİۡ


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Ҷ޶ԣŷһСԹľˡû꣬ÿμ涼Ҫ죬ҮǿɲԸ΢һ
ŷԸ˽ⲻҶŷһѣ֪ʲôŷһֱȽŽҶ㰵ԳԿһߵźϣһкҶ㡰Ҷ㣬ǣǾϰ˾ͺá
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ŷݺݵİҶһۣ˵Ļ콿Ҷһ˵΢ЦĽ˹ȥŷǸҶһεɫеһζŷ
籰̸ǵС׸һɣ
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ŷͷ籵ε籿Цðɣ׳ˡ
һҹ籽Ƴĸĵһ׸׼ֻڣȶ˵ߵ룬˵رĵһ죬ҪŷŮõףףԽԽģԽԽʡٴףഺЩ֮ŮԽԽԽԽҸǸлҶ㣬л
one night in beijing 鲻㰮벻ʷĳone night in beijing 鲻ҹ·ߵ˰ٻ˵ٻס˷廨ЬݰɵǳĹone night in beijing ɱ̫Ʋ㰮벻ʷĳone night in beijing ѾƸ߸жǱ˵ںվڳ⴩ŸºſкѵȴǧΪγŻѵȴǧΪ˲one night in beijing 鲻ҹ·´ĵĻone night in beijing 鲻ҹ·ߵ˵ذ˵ذλϸڳճյݰɵǳĹone night in beijing ɱ̫ڵذû˲one night in beijing 鲻Ҫҹ·´ĵĻ()one night in beijing one night in beijing㵽ںη˼ܷôؿܲžͲone night in beijing 鲻ҹ·´ĵĻꡭ
εĿУİ£ǵźУĸ籽κӣСзк䲻׵ıãʹӶֳȻϢԼɣȻԪأʹȻӣХķĽ֣˵ĸоǼ
˿̵һˮĿΪɽˮȶ˵µ٣˿̵Ů˺͸߹
ӯĶںϽ˵ĸܾѩһںΡƽβƶ棬΢΢趯˫֣Ƿ
ôġͳ!ǷҰٺϡˮͤͤţľ˯Ĺ׵ѩģġ׸»ҶǵķĺʹûרҵֶӰֻ࣬п¼飬ԾɱֵޱޱȳɫǵʵȻƽ׵ġ
ǲиŬ£һݳ׸ż˻Ҫڱˣ˼ۣһʣȵĵǸҲǲοһǻأôҲҪϢ°ɣҵĽĿˣˣ


370
ǲʵ֮Ϊ˱Ӵǻȵɴ۾
ðɣ衣
콿΢Цվ֫Ť˳룬ĶǵĿ⣬Ծһǵģֻ÷׷װעͶע콿ϡ
콿ʾ£ŷֺǺǵĴܵԣʮѡõĵӣʹ˲ż
һ׶صӡҶ˿ͷֻǰûӣչǵ۾רעϸųлչŷҶ㲢ϤϤޱȣΪŷרŴ˺ܴɵƷ˵ȻѾǳˣ䲻콿赸
ŷֵĸͶ룬콿˵һ仰赸Уģ
ʱڳһ仰׸ݳһӡȸģҾܻ˱ҵԻ˰ɣ
ȻֻһЦѾԿ콿赸Ƕôˡ
ŷŸС죬ʹ޺Ͷ콿ӣҲò콿赸ʵģ콿׼ҲԼͣɵĿϣݺݵصҶһۺȫ񶼼е콿ϡ
ض콿ĳüĿָ֫ϵĻ䣬ȹϸ貽֪ʱ׼õССưƣ㼲ת赸ҵء
ҶȻ֪µݣУȴ콿Ķ趯˹
˫üֳ޵İЦȻֳޱߵϲ֣ޣֳ˵ͻתĽߣĿӣֳ߳Ƶʢŭصۡüϸױͦ״Ҷƺ죡ʪһ赸ĿУ˹ڣҲԼֻʹ֫٣˵ӡȹŴʫ£
һһε赸ݹҶ㷢ݵˣĻС¹ļ߾Ծȸĸݾ£̬ʵǡ衱ҡ΢һһ͵䶯ֵָ⣬һֱֵָ⣡ҶоƶĴʵҲ治ֻܽð׾׵ʫӧתҡζ޴߶ˡ
žžžžҵڻڣ콿ĲŶͷľӨ飬һЦĴ۾ЦκˮƵأ⵴Сɵ΢΢𣬺촽΢ţһ׷һӹɢĵŮˣţЦմ󿪵ˣ֫ȵ˳⡣
Ҷ˴Ĵָ̾ҿõ赸
ǲǸɰǻصŷСˣ
ǳһ˿Ц⣬ŷЦеߣָ裬ֳģһܱʲô
˵ŷɲԸ콿ѹһݺݶ˶ŸŽεĺС첽ߵͱõùԡ
ĵƹӳϣϢȡ룬˿ȫϵ֬ġ࣡ûκϢҶǶĹעıݣڴٴĿ.
ŷָʼѸٵĲļҶܿͱŷ׼ӣһöʮġŷùݶ˸ѶȵļϰҶɶشáŷ߳ݼͬϣָģŵ̬׹Ϊ־ƷԼȫ֮С
վŷŵɣƵ콿ĿҶ㣬߰İͷ
𺳵ע籡콿ŷҶĺû뵽ǵ趼ôߣԲһһϦ͵ģҹƾ֮Ժľ񻹲УҪֵУܰס˼Ůı֣ǵľʱݣҶ𺳵ͬʱŷıݡ
ƼҶעţŷˬʴЦңҺߣҽǾԲݵˣ滹ǰʱҶɣ
Ů϶¶һȻɫҲûٱ׷װĿ׼Ҷ㡣
ŷͺһĿ˿Ҷ㣬СֹţҲ֪˵ʲôҲԲʲôû
ǶûڣҶҲֻȻôһźǽҲֵƱˣҲͲٶ˵ˡ
ŷҶ£ûмƽʲôŷ˵ͷվ˳С
ŷĿ۷ŹļŮĺ벻֪ͨǲԼ̫ˣҪΪʲôǶ㽵ĿɵվһԵҶ㣬ǿүүŶߣ˾ǼȿֵģȴΪķҶһͻŮȣ˼ͬʱֻùԹԱ졣ߣһǲҵһҲҪǺÿ֪콿Ϊʲô죡
УǸڸͶҪôãô˻˼治֪緢ˣҷˡ
ŷҶ۹Ӷ񶾣Ϊ˵Ҷ㼸䲻ĻͱҪõĽúݺݵѹˣ˭Ҳù
ԾôŨңҫÿˣԶüףϵĿȫѾζˣŷ籺콿ûעһǽԼ´Ҷ㣬ŷ򼸴ԾԾԶ˹ͬı˻ȥ
ŷĵ״ҶʱĿ̱ˮƣҶ磬ӻ˼רΪŷ콿׾͵ģΪר콿̽˲ŷѾʮ
ĿڣɽлУת˲ĳСеļŮҶӪĿ⾳׳ͷƷɾĸܣ
һڱ䣬ͨҶɵľͰݴ˳ȥ֪ΪڳļŮȻľҶҪ˼
ȴȻֹþãûһҶϸϸζţ籼ŮûзӳŷıΪأѴӲмһ˱˼ȾȣӶݺݵԼȵĳݡ
žžžž
һ˷ļˣ̧ͷŷȥֻ꿪ɽŷǳ˹ð̫ˣͷһû˶ȫŷŮСľ̫˲ˣ
ŷοҶ˵ͷ̾ǵģҶļȫ񣬸о֮ȫ˳ĺܲ
ŷǿҶ۹꿪ɽֲͬοһǰԼɳС
ĺλүӴк˵˼д֮Ļˡ
ŷɵɵı飬ֺǺǵЦ֪ǸղΪʲôҪɣûУ
ʹһۣŷॵǲǶҶ㴵ࣿ
żŮ̵ͷߺ޲ѵ˵ۣǻ湻ãһ
ݺݵĵ˼ŮһۣüĿЦܵҶߣֺţҶϢٴ׸ô
֪Լǰ̬ȲãæҲˮԲˣҾֻһˣǸŷŮרдӣҸ촵ǡ
Ҷ㵭˵ţԼ΢Цŷ˵ͷŷüЦ飬ŷյĶ˶Ҳûٶ˵ϾǰΪǶţǺƤҲ˵۹¼ˡ
Ҷ뿪ŷļҡ


371
콿ſڴϣڵƾҪĵĵһҪȻĶ࣬ջʮ㣬²Ƭƣ۽˵˵ߺȫչ¶˳Ҷ㲻ӾĴ̼ѾӺ콿ԲĹĵ⣬ͦϣˬض
ˣˣҲڣ˿ԱҶ͵ļ⣬һһĻۣ̬ǸоҶͬʱĻ㡣
ģ߰籺һ򿴲˵ŷҲڣŷҶ󣬷ͦޱȵûһ˿ֱҶıϼѹţĦţŷץҶĴֱ
ɫŮĲ㲻ͬĸܣҶˬҪץס籵ķӿ˶ٶȡ
ˡˡˡ
ܵҪﵽ۷Ҷ㾪˹
Ҷ亹ֱðſտյĴ̺Լŵӣ̲סǼ̫ɨ˰ôˬ龰ȻΣϱŮŸ˵챾û׼,Ĵοǿģ벻ȴʵʱ̱˴,κһ˿϶Ҳǻðɰ?˭
ҶݺݵĴһ䣬ķת壬˲˴ϣĵ׵Ǹưһ
Ҷ㣬ûУˣǶˣô㻹˯
Ҷ˷Ӧŵ콿ֱƿ˽
죬ҶһæñӸǺŮ˵龰ֻ콿һ˽,һ.ҪŮˣкùӳԣҶݺݵذ콿һ,Ź,콿ߵ˴׼ӵʱҶȻ,콿۵,촽̾ƾֱ˲ӡ콿С.һԸޱȵĴŮһܵһкķ˷
ҵĴǹս,һֱӵ,콿ҶĻ,:ˣǶŵ,㲻һ,!СñҶ·,κüĿеĴ,ݺݵİҶһ,콿ҡŷĶղ˳ȥ.Ϊ·ŤΣñСҶּһѣƵüͷȻû,滹ǼӲ֪Ϊˮ޷װԵʣΪոһ쳣˷ܵԭ,ǿͦǹ,ҶǶô콿һһ°!ȻĴΣ
ҶֺֺЦ,ŬƽϢĵ׵,ҶڵĴ·еĸоǷǳʵУȻǿ˰ٱֹеϧYYǿʱؽУξͿˡҲеңҺüʱˣŷļﰡڱ˼ҵĿͷϻͼǲ̫òɣ
һֻȻҪʮˣѹּŮȲ콿þúþû˯˺ˣҶԼƺ˯ζˡ
ϴ֮ҶԼڻ¥ϣŮУ˸·ꡣ
Ϻã˧磡
ŷֺǺȴкô
ҶεЦЦǿѳһЦ˵ͷһ˯ģû취˯̫ˣ
Ҷҽ⳰ЦЦ
ߣ˾ǻˣǱ˯ȴ
ŷֵİҶһҶһŷʶɴûŷ⸱ģ˵ûУݣƯ
Ҷûһ˵ɲټŷ绹ǲˡ
ԷҪȥӾģ
콿ŭĺҶһۣմԹսǳһ۾Ϳ˺ŷ˵ЦҶ㣬ʱѻŶţȥ緹ˡ
ҴҵĴŷԴҶɲԩŷŷ콿һ磬籶ԳһɡͷСñһīڶͷϣɫ黨ȹԼʵʵڸΪǵҲ֪жٻȵľۻᣬĿʾˣ籾Իᱻһһ˵˳˲ûǽӾƻҲԻ
߿
һ·ЦԹᣬСʱһȺڵٻã˵ļŮһµĳͻ˾ԵĿûûΧۣӵŰñѹļ͵ߵµĵطƤٺҲ˼طһ˺ɵľͱ˦ԶֻҶ˹Ҷ㱾ҲǲκϽģ˭֪콿һ䣺ǲοοǲǱȽ˼أ
ˮһһģһһ˵ŮǰεһĲԼϱȻţҶ˷ܣĶֱҪҺûѪë治֪컹û·
ҶϴתƵĿ⣬ȥǰ̼𱬵ĳֻʱʱۣϣǿѡͬʱֲôѡˣϾֻ֮٣ǿģ
ѡӾ£콿һٵĿʽӾ£ϣϣͷذҶкҶ㣬˵˵Ҵÿô
̧ͷȥһ˲䣬콿ǼɫӾǰرȻţһ˲ڣԺ鲻Խ˴һȵĳ콿СڳݺݵһŬѹĵ׵æͷÿÿ
ҶǻŵģļŮһǳЦЦģһȽϷŲŷҲСЦţ֪콿һʲôŮͬʱһߣ
ŷһɫҶ׺ۺ컨ߵ޼ʽӾ£콿ʾɫʽӾ£ǳߴ磬ֻ±ŷǼСŷҧҶһźѡһ޼ɫʽӾ£ѡŮΪصġѡϾǼģȻѡѡӾȴ¶ģȺɫʽӾ¼ֱᱡ֮벻类ѡȡҪӾ£ʱб۾͵Ҷ۾ԲˣǶԼ۹žԵģҲûԴֱ˵ȫ˰ȻŮҶֱ¥ϵ·ԶŮȻƼôһȺഺŮ˳һƵ𾢵ʱͻȻ鲻ԽķǺҲǱǵŮĳͷһ¡
һжҶ͵͵ֱţ˱ȽϵĶҲ˳ˣҲֱˣ̧ͷͦؿ첽żŮȥ
ϵ¥Ȼû¥ô࣬ͬȴ¥˲٣ٲһĨʣĿҶҲˣƵѡţǼŮߵͨ죬ǰ¥ǻܴ󵨵ĵЦʱϾǽŮ³߳ҶûˣȻôĿ۵Ŀ,Ѿֳ,Ͼվĵص㲻,Ҷ㻹ڵѡ,ǵҲɵĸֳ糺κ֮ɫ.ǲòʹɱּ,һȫĿ׼Ҷ.Ŀ,Ҷ֪̾˼ŮѾû,еѡ,ֱ콿ƶŲķ˹ʱ,װһ´½ģ,óһӾ㳯Ա󺰵ˣ
ҶһɱƵĺк̵Ŀģŷ߽˺ԡͷԱ˵˼䣬ͿǷԱɿܿˣһһƨƨߵ˹ԳڵİҶǴһƫԶЩλã˵赲ҲˣԺһȸԾܽȨҵкŮ


372
ֵ˼ҶЦֱͣ˹ȥ޴һΣһΣλһӺһտӣϴһɫԡ˸ʳϡơ⡢߲ˡƷֱӦоСԶһɳ̲򳡣ƷҲ뱸ǸǾĪĵġ
һöĴ콿˳ϵҶ㲻ɫ⻹һμ콿Ӿģֻ崿ԸеĽɫЦȻᱡСɵĵɫʽӾƾǰмһ˿ϵסСֵ֬óһ֣˿ޣϸСɫխСӾڸǲסĶղ벻ۡɾӨȷۿˣټһ紺㣬Ȼɳ̲֮ϣ˵ˮȴ֮ǹıһϸɫ˿ܹǼ˵ˮһ㣬һϮǳˬ
콿ЦҶԵŷ˳ʱ׼佱콿Ҷ㣬ƽʱû콿ģ콿ͿٵͷǺߵģԱƽʱջɫҶ׺ۺ컨߹סͦ壬ƾַ飬Ƶİ׵׺ߵڿ㣬СҲʮǧϸ۵˫ȵʮ㣬ĺ֮Ҷ鲻ԽĹƵŷƯ
ȻͦԼһ콿̧ͦͷ̧ͦͷضͦ治֪ͷô̧ġ
ݺݵİ콿һۣŷ򲻸ʾķð˳һ쵽Ͷľ϶ҡεģ֪Ůѵ֪ʲô𣿡
ľôˣеǳԲ˵ɣ˭֪ŮıǮĶԼûбǮֵ˭ҿǻȥԱľаɣ
һ콿˵콿Ҳǣŷǣ龰ҶǰĪʼ磬Ŀ׼˸ոŷ򣬸ҶĿŷնʱ糺죬ߵںɫӾ£չž˵Щ߰Ӣֱͦŭʰŵ䲻콿磬ȴǾѣȽף֬ƵǸսȣΪصӾȴгõ񱳣˴˿Ա⡣
ƯƯǲˡ
ҶĴ󺰰콿ŷ˹üͷŷǵûټȥĿȫ͸ŷ
ŷŰÿ籾ͽ˳Ǿķ˳Ƶ޾ȫҶǵעȫϡҶֱţһׯŵ籣˱ĳȺɫʽӾ£˵ҰԷ飬޳ĺɫ㷢ɢɫԱĳȺɫջסϢӾƣϸ˿ϵסƮС˿·˵ľ顣Ө˫ȱŷҪ޳ͣĿԣ˼ϸ֮ϣҲ괦һɫ׺ɫҰԷ֪ʽϵףκѪţֻҪ˿¶ܿǷ顣
ƵҶֻԼ׹ãб˿˶ĳŮΧһò˵кǰ˵Իʮ䣬˵һͱ˵
ôȥѵҪǰ㲻ɣ
籰ҶһۣŮ˹ȥ
ͷҶͿٵĻ˴Ӿ㣬˵ˮ̵Ů˹ȥ
ҶһӾȥӻӰˮ˵ֱ練ơҶһӾ˺Ůڿ佱ӾǼӶûܵĳǶ콿Ǵͷʼ˽л

ˮҵķҶˮ굽콿ԡˮĸ͵İŵǺһӵļС
콿ĺԶ£Ůʼ˶ҶĹκҶȴޱȣһܵһܵǶŮһֱ۵Ľƣ˶ûô
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Ȱչź˻ȥŮ׷װչҶҲֻ˻ȥϣźƣʱһڣԽźЦ飬϶ſֺϲá
һɡ
콿100ĸ꣬ŷѽ
Ů׷׸ͣȴҶıʸֻһԷʩС
ҶȻͷŮȸԾ׼ţҶһ죬Ů׷㵸֮Ѹٻ缸㣬ȶ˵Ǽˮ˺ãͻ䣬Ҳڲ֪֪Զڵһ籣˰λŷ콿ŵ콿ף뼸Ůľ뻹ԽԽ
ǺһЦȼŮʮףҶһ˽ȥǴСˮ浽ˣӲѾ׷콿ˮżŮȶ˵ĽǱһζˮԼ伸ŮչԼ
ѽ
Сֱգڷ׷ϵ콿гҶȻһЦѱҶĿǰ䣬Ҷ콿Ѿͷ磬ŷ򿩿ЦððӾϲ
һۺӸҶ콿ӹŮȿȡ
ҶŷȻֻСһѱһֻƽס籰̣Ҳһѡ
Ż£ƾ跴Ҷ˫Ű̫Ȼһż䣬˵Ӿ͵ǰʮס
ŵͻȻ֮ܵȼٵķԾżֹͣ콿ȻԵõʱһСҲڲ֪ķҶֲڵĴ֡
ðð
콿ɴ಻ˣֻһļšã㣬ٿ㣡
ǰҶ㵱˿Ҳ˷ܵļ콿Ůš
ٶ䣬Ҷ˫ٴʹ·Ѿû˷˼䣬ڶŷѲһλŷҲλ
ŷŮãӴҺͼ籰̿ϾҪ׷Ŷ
㵸ţ콿ĽЦںɢ

콿ˮƽ֪֮ŷŷͲԼĶ䣬Ȼͷ䣬콿мһϷˮ
Ƥ
ŷŷ߳콿ǣ໥һۣ̰Լٶƶһ˼ǲû٣ƴ
Լ
ŷŷľֱ𱣳λ۷յֻʮ׵ʱ콿籵ĽҶ㶪Ů
ؽ׵ľ룬콿籸ûȫƾҶǰڵǶŷŷ˵ΡֽŷŷȻŵģȻ˲ʮף콿Ѿŷ˸ҧ´òĵŷԼԽԽԶ콿籣ᡣ
ڵ籵һ콿һͷľ룬ŷֱ콿һͷľ롣
㣡
ҶƵĺŷع˻꣬ŷ˵ҶĴѾεϸ۰С֡
ûҶƣϸΣԼŷľ벻ŷҲû˵һαСֵĻţǰͬʱ󺰵С̣ŶҪ׷ˡ


373
ûҶƣϸΣԼŷľ벻ŷҲû˵һαСֵĻţǰͬʱ󺰵С̣ŶҪ׷ˡ
ٵһۣһڶ콿Ѿͷˡ
죬죡
ŷĺǰû콿籹ˣǷš
ãϸϳǣ
Ҷ󺰵˽ʮ׵Ѿǰˣʱȫƾһֲľǰκ׵椺ãʮ׵ʱѾ콿˦˽һλ
壡
Ҷˮķһʹŷǰ˹ȥͬʱſŮ֡ಣಣ
ҶһƣŮͬʱյ㣬Ҹϳ.Ӯ
Ŵŷϰ鲻ԽĴŷǰţͷͷƳƳ콿Ŀϡ
籺콿ͬʱҶһۣѧŷſϡ
ǺǣϢᣬҰǿ㶫ԡ
Ҷܿ콿ԹĿ⣬ֱȥѡʳ
λھƷ
Ҷ΢Цз۵ļݸ˰ŵŷ
ЦӯӯĽӹҶеʳŷòĵ˵ͷϢʮӵѻ˾ЦеĳճԵһ۾һˣ鲻Խеļͬʱ̰ĿѾ׼ҶδַʳŷֽӹӯӯлûпʼԣѼһԺһƿƣԼһǳЦտδһ
Լ῾
΢ЦŽӹҶļ򣬶콿ȻƣľܾҶһ⣬Լ˱ƣһȡһȳͼز˾ܵտʼ˷ʳ㲻ҪҪ
˻ûӦŷɿܵҶԱߣһܡ
һںƣһڼŷʱ۾еһҪһ
óԣ
ŷķоһڼ籶ʱŷ飬Ŀ鲻Խ׷Ѱŷϵļ򡰻Ҫô
ܱ߰еļ˸飬ŷ׷ʱϵѸĿˮߣ
ݺݵĵŷŷĵ׵ǸƼֱŷڵܵҶԱߣ׼˵ʱʮമزˣһȺҶ㣬ģЦҶ㣬緹ûôԣ鷳һ°ɣҰЩΣ
ҲҪ
Ҷ㻹δ콿ѾȺУ˵ģ
籶ݺݵ˵šҾ
ΪʳŷõһǿҲʲô˵콿ݺݵض˶ţǼ˺üۣǰĿԼտϣƺѾ˼תеʳʱʱľҶһۡ
ۣôడҪ
Ե͹컬콿Ц׼ƹ籺ŷȴŮֵǵ,ûķݶ
籺ŷͬ˵ǺǣҵҪҲߣҾҪ
콿ô׶Ըһ۾ͿŷѾˣǰΪŷڳҪһУ
籺ŷãû콿κһ˿롰ģ콿
ŷͻȻ֣Ƿ̤ϵļŮĿƵĵҶеʳĳ࣬ǲԾ촽ȴûκһŻҪԡһֱΪǿСʱտŮ͹ĹĵĶֱ˿еҶŵõⱦľͲͻᡣ
Ա˺˸øʲôҶش϶㣺˶ˡ
Ҫʲô˶ǵȻǶԴĶȺ˶ඡ
Ϣ˴СʱЦ˵ļŮ˼Ҷ˶һģŮ˵˶ԡҶȻҲԼǰ⼸ǧĵŮӶ˶һ飬Щ󣬵ʵʵеȻҲ򣬵ӲĶȴ̣ɲϲĴͷ
㣬Ҷ㣬㲻⼸Ů˰ɣ
վǰһεŷ󺰵ԭĲѽ
콿ЦţȵӾûӾӮŷֿɵõʤѾ˵׼úõŷʱȴճҶӲǽ˾֣βȻζտѾԹ˴룬ôõ侮ʯĻô᲻ס
Ҷ㻹û˵ɳ̲ˣκιѲڣֱʱһĵȷִܣ˵˵ûǵͬģҲֻûӢ¾ľε˳
ߣ
Ҷ㲻ĺֱӰŶҹȥһһһһ˫һ˫ôᷢѽҪҪǽ㣿
콿ţԴʾԼǰ˶ί籡ŷЦӯӯĿ콿ţҲ
㣡
СֹҶݺݵ̤ŷ˹ȥվڷϵҶ߸˫һŵأӭ˹ȥž
ҵĻζУ˼Ү÷֣һ㣡
Ů˷ܵƣ㵸Ļεšǲ֪Ҫ򷢹ѽ
˱˻Ե콿ЦšҺȽϽʵȻһֵ鷳Ǹǻˡ
ŷЦ侮ʯţʶҶԺûãκò׵ȵҶԱˣæ˳ûٵĶкеĲ
Ҷյķ˸ۣݺݵĶ콿һۣſʼ¹˭ֻ֪أǵʲô
עӴҶ㣬ɱ˵ûн㣬ҷƮӴ
콿üĿЦĽšϻʲôѽ
Ҷʹȭͷ죡
Ү÷!㣡ôô׵ҲӲѽ
żŮȸԾĻ콿Ц˵ĵʵոҶӵǽӵˣȴûúֱӰ浽˱⡣

Ҷ٣ǿǿ縧ɽڵľĿбӵĶ컹ž治תССˡ
ˣ
ųƵŮ㵸ֿˣԭҶȻûȴСˣֱӵ浽ϡ
żŮ޵ЦҶҲǰ͵ЦȻδӴ򣬵νһͬͨʵЩ˶ǴͬСģؼЭȻһ򣬵ȴѾŪʹˣƾѧֻҪٸһʱĶԽӮʤ
ЦɣЦɣȫЦſˣޣ
Ǵʤƣÿֶʮһ֣ҶѾ׼һˣֻתȫŪת
ܿ죬ȷնڶʮһϣҶõǰ򣬶õǷȴܿĲˣִӹһǾȷ׵ĵŮмĿλϣüŮֻͽκΡ
ʮӺ󣬵ڶֱڼŮĽĻ콿ЦӯӯվڷϣһƮƮĿȴײϣǻûֱ͸Ҷһ֡
ҶЦǺǵ˵ôûˣϷûأлл͵ķֹ
콿Ҷһۣʲôһ˿ޱӣ㼸֡
Ůͬģͬ˵ǣ㼸ôأ
콿ЦԵˮƽǻôôѽ˵Բ
ԣ
Ů׷Ц˿ֱͣҶҲ֪˫ȭѵ֣ɴ಻˵ˣֻ۾רɨһῴһῴĸֱǰǵģء
ʱû˴СļֵļŮǺýãҶԺĹؼ飬ô˵ԼˣҲĮ黶ţѵõļգѵõĿ֡
ŷҲû˹ļӣЦĴܱһЦĴҪ࣬˭ҲŮͬһСŮ
ŷҲûڳУݣǿҶģκҶһֱۣټ˶Ҳ࿴ҶտҲôóԣųҶôտνֶ̣̰һǽ챾Ϊ˳֣ʲô˼?콿Ͳ˵ˣҶʲôϵȻרŸҶѿⲻС֮һʽ
ˣעŶ
ͨһֱҶѾ˺ܶ࣬Ȼܶطڲ㣬ԸŮѾ㹻ˣϾҲŲôһѵˡ
Ҷվ˷⣬ճͰ߸ߵǰԵ䣬Ӧϸ߸ûϣֻԼŮδĳٶ˲ͷɵǳأǻûӳֻʶ˼󣬡족һѾصĻ˺󳡣Ҷ֣ʮֵ⡣
ŮһۣŷòĵİӸҶ㡣
족족족
ɱͬһַʽҶӲƾ跢͵֣Ů˼ʱһʱմûմıԵ
Ҷһε˹ȥŮüͷСҲ֪Ƕû˭ǸǧС㣿ǸǼǧ谮һ֮Ů̵콿Ķ˵콿ѾˣҶļɱһӻҲ˵жشǵĳ˵⳰ǳԼѼЦǱ˵ȶɲʲôܵ°
ιҶ㣬ǲֻѽ?㿴ǸǷƤ۵ǧŮǻȥôһ˭ĸ첲ȶ㸺ѽ
콿ڵķѣڲӦһ˵ֻһǿжǵƤжۡ
콿ĻŮϴһȻ˳ͷˣҲٹ˼Ӳӵˣ׷׿ĭšȡʤֻС۸ŮСȻ
Ҷ˵ˣй˲˵õģҲôоˣ׼ô
Ů࿴˿һ񣬼ȻҶ㲻ôˣϷˣҶˣǵֻˣǴ˵ɣ׼ˣ
ϧԸõģʵǲпģҶڵһ־ǵĵףڽıûκλᣬɾľʰǡ
̫£ƻʱǲŴظȻĸˣǼŮȻδþˣһҪߣǿ϶ʹ˰ϢӦһ֡
ͼŮڳԹ󣬺ŷ򽻻ֻҶͯﰲŵصⷿͯҶסһģϵҶһļǣ۲ĲǻⷿȻͯ첢ûҶܾе㲻ǰ۾һһͣ


374
ͼŮڳԹ󣬺ŷ򽻻ֻҶͯﰲŵصⷿͯҶסһģϵҶһļǣ۲ĲǻⷿȻͯ첢ûҶܾе㲻ǰ۾һһͣ
ҶûΣ緹ڵ߻ⷿ뷿֮󣬴Ҵѹ·ԡңʱȻŪǺòðϴҲǲϴҲǣ廹ڼţҶֻøϽһ̿ͣϡ
ţҶ΢ЦԼľȣֺǺǵкˣλŮãϡѽ
ŷ콿˴һ˶ñһķɫ̫۾Ȼû磬װᣬôһζ˿̵ȻǷǳƯŮչŮʵǲô绹עĿġ
ôҲţĪڸЩʲô˵£
콿ԴŪЦ
ûǲɣ
ŷЦʵ
ôܣǿƶ԰λŮ롣
Ҷ״ϹЦ⡣
İȥWC챻ˣ
콿ļǵƿ˵Ҷ㣬ľͳ䡣
ŷǳɫĶ˶̿㣬ഺԵĹ˳̿¶ȳѩˣҶܾƺŷĴŴҪ˺ܶ࣬ƺڱҲע⴩ˡ
ҴһƳ߻壬һ¿ˮҶЦ˵˶ȥˣ
ǰմӽ
΢΢һЦŷҶѪǴ˽ȥ
ںҶ㣬ΪǶȵĹϵԴ󷽵Ϳ˵ȣԼ汻˶̿ΣƵĽŲƺԵԸˡ
ȻֻǶݼ룬ķ羰ҲޣΪݺޣԵô̼
ȻҶее㲻ԾˣΪղŴæһ̿㣬沢ûдڿ㣬ڶ̿Ĺſյ
ҿյʵҲкôģ죬ܸ͸ƽʱڿѹȣ̫Ӧòʱص㶼ԣ΢ܵ˵̼ѹȹ˵ǹͦţɵ۾̧ͷˣ
ŷѾҶ㱾ܵĴǰ棬ڵ΢΢еĿӣ̿ܿɣ񻹲̫ԡ
Ҹȥˮ
Ҷ㼱ǣתߵһߡ
ǵˮתʱ򣬲뵽δǰⲻǻҪ͵ǰȥ
Ҷ߱æأǹܷĶѾˣȥ˶ǻҪҪŮѽ
ҶŵЦţΪǹһ˫۾ŷơ
ҶĺãŷȻһЦӹеˮŵһڣȻԱ߲輸ϡ
ŷ΢΢ӣһ˿ΣҶǵûаѻȥʵ
ôпյأ
Ҷ㻹վǰе㲻˼ʵ
Ҷ㣬طҵĽŶˣ鲻ѵЬӣ
ͷϸֳϼ
𰸵Ȼǿ϶
Ҷ˵϶ޣҲѾˣ
ŷССҪҲûбȻвʡ
Ǻǣ˵϶Ⱑ
Ҷ㰵ЦŮ۽ŰɣҪ۽Ҳ˵ҪЬˣ
ŷҡͷЦЦŭ
۸Ͱ
ҪҰ࣬ⷽҿרѽ
ҶֺǺǵ˵ţɫ۾ֱİ㡣
áãղ콿ѾˣѾõĶˣǡ
ŷ΢΢һ죬ҲŮӱȽ˽ܵĵطˣ˲ѣһк
ŷϽͷȥЬҶʼ磬ŮҲˣûף֪ŷ򲻺˼ȻҲǿ
ҶվǰȻȻĵͷȥЬЬӣﰵ룺
еϧˣ洩ӣҪȻԿǰѾˣٺ٣ѵõĻᡣ
Ȼ۹ֱ
ŷЬ˶ЬҶվŵͷǶȿȥƷ޺õҶͬ־۹ƮµʹTȥˣ
˳ǰ֬ļ¿˽ȥһֱѩĶˣŻߵֺδס鹵һһҶС
ܵģҶгŭͷŭǼTǽģΪʲôһأһ㣬ھܿĴˣŭTŭδҲ̫ˣǰ䶼ɿһ϶ʧ
Ϊ˵Թ˼άеԵʰɣҶһ߷Ϊʲôֵôһ߲ϵ˱Ѫӿ
ӵκһŮ˴⣬˷ܲѣǰλŮݸ߹֮Ůݾ˸Ӵ̼ˡõĶǶݵģȻҶ۾һգգÿһ붼ӡ󣬵Ҳ޷õʱͣס
ŷܿ⿪ֻЬЬһסЬҪЬȻ̧ͷЦ
㲻нų
ŷŵģҶվǰ̧ͷǶȸպӭĳ˵λá
ŷ̧ͷԼ˵ҶеĸϽĿת˿һҲ˵ʲôԼҿյֵ֪Ѿ̬ȼӲľ췴ˣ
ȻҶܿĿƿˣǴæģϻд˷ܵɫֻҪǱˣܲµղſʲôط
ŷȻǱˣοǰС֤أķʱ͸Ͻͷҿǰª˵һĻ
Ҷ㡢㡢͵ҡ쵰
ŷŭ߳йŮôһһݾš
ҶͷҿҲ֪˵ʲôá˵пκһ˿Ҳΰɣ
ͷŷƺоǰĶ̿΢΢һ£۾Ҳ֣ԶƺӵĽˡ
ң̫ˣ
գ̧ͷ޺޵ĵҶһۡ
ҶŷŷԼղűճͷȻǷˣϽ˫סǰȻŽѾӾվ˿ȫǸߵСŮķӳҲŮһûһ˿һ

ŷݺ˵Ҳǣǣ֪˵ʲôãһֱԸӵ۹⿴űˣ˵ӴκҶ㵱ѣĵףʼջΪԼһȵģԵıҲŭԭ򣬲Ҷʲôݣʱеˡ
ҶӲ˵Բ𰡣ŷŮҲǹģ˭ôأȫȻӦ
㻹Ʊ磬㿴Լĳ
ҪǴЬŷһžͳҶ˹ȥ
ҶһգҪǹˣǹйŮ£һŮŮע⵽ԼһζֻǹӵļͦҪ¸߰ͷɲһ򵥵鰡
Ҷ΢ее㾽ȣܿͷӦ˵
һ·Ҫϴ裬ţ·Ҳ͵㰡ʲôû
ŷգŭ
ʲôû㻹ҪʲôûᡢᡭзӦ𣿡
˵Լ˼ˣæͷתһߡ
Ҷ㱾ܵĻشţзӦҲܹҰգôãȻ׳嶯ˡ
Ҷ˵ûдڿĻŷǺߣм־ţϽһ£̤ЬӿЦ˳콿ӭ˹ȥ
ŷŮŻûãȥ࣡
콿Ҷ˸ɫżȲŷ߽ͯңһ޴죬ҶӲı֮⡣
ʧҶ㰵һ콿İæѣҲŷʲôõķӦոҲʵǴɸˣҶ㱾ʱͶŮɫȽԣǹ˷ӦȫǳԱܣֲ˷Ӧֻ˵Ĳܹ
ղŵĻ棬е˷ɣ̿ǰһ氺ǹЦ
˼˾ǨǴͷСͷ㷸ϴﰡ
ŮҲˣŮѾ뿪侲ô˵ҲԼϽ֮ҶȻҪָӵġסù鰸ݺݵʰѵһﵽƣ°ĭʵҶͷ֮𰡣
ôˣڷްɣڣҶԼ㣬ϾҶû
ţ˵콿αأ콿ͨ籨ŵģ˭ʰ˭˵أ
ʲôˮСѾͷ
֪ŮԲһʱͳˣҶҲٹǣͦͳ䡣
ҪͷĳСܣϴҪƽʱٶôʮӣ֮µֻȥ¥գŮˡ
ղͷ˷ܣûй࿼ǳ侲Ҷ̲סֳŷΪաŭͺ˵ʶʱҲˣҶӡȫǸ߰ղǽߵģһμԼļƻٺЦ


375
ϣҶ㱻һѣһŷվſڡ
ôӭѽ
ŷź촽ǡôᣬҲ֪жˣҷŷֿҾرˡ
Ҷ컬˵ţЦ׼ŷôӦԣ
УţͯǸ㣬㻹ѽѵ㲻㣿
ŷһɻ״
ŷķҶһգڶЩʲôѽȻֻҲðĳ
ŷ˳촽¶һ˿ЦݣҸˣҲýҶɣ
һŨŮƷŮϢҶ鲻ԽʹڣŨ壬һ
·ûҶĶŷϸҶ㣬Ц绨ݺ󣬽ľװҶŵϣŷ˵֮ǰĲõĲ裬崿´桢ķͣ͸ӨѿһŮྻ塣ԣժŮӾͱ޹ǣӵŮ
һöݽָܽüľŮӡΪ޲ҪŮôȥժԶŮĴر𽲾ѧĹ۵㣬ĴСΪ۾һʱΪ롣촽ҪӣҰСɡϸ¡ɫΪõɫҪεĸо
촽̬棬ɫϸ۲촽ɷƤճĤ֮䣬һϸΪڰ׵ƤճĤ֮䣬촽һУ촽ɺԵĵطŮ촽ѻ˵ġ
׻˵˼硣Ҫأɫζ⻬ԡѩΪƷԹ׼ͱΪ˵ҪƤϸ塢ףһӾϵܣҲһִϵܡ
Ƥۡϸ巼㣬һ΢ʺ쳱ŮԵļһԻһ˼
ﲨ۾ɫκ۾ûĹâˡŮ㽡ʱ϶ԶŮʱµ˲ƣԸк͹ƻ
ˮ۾Ϊ¶ˮķݣǽ۾Ů۾ƿǿ͵ʱк뺬Σʱۡ¶ŭı飬ߵĿŮ̬߾硣
һζϣﲨԵ˻ǡժ֮ǰҪԡˮҪȡɽԺˮмľػ㡢ȸٺϡѬ²ݵϡˮ󣬰ʱԺܽسˮͿԿʼժˡ
ɲʱԵͻĽ˿֡ѿҪ͸¶ΪƷɲŮɴʩ죬ɢȻŮ㣬΢ѬĹ۵ӣƵѿؽӴǶô顣
ó΢΢ҧ̴򣬾һЦʹ㲻괦Ҳꡣ
ĲɹİķϺõ̴㡣
һʱԺ󣬽ѿŮ鹵ðĽ໥ꡣһֱΣ㺹졣ѿŮһ
ͣ꣬ĳ˵Ͱһޡȵָ⣬Ʈǳ¹⡣ŮζȹŴĹߡ޲裬þѩˮݣ˲֮⣬ͬʱһֻ֮ȥޡ·Ĳǲ裬Ůҵ塣Զض䡣ָоֻᣬԴΪĿ⣬ǡǡޡѿ⻺չͬһƹߵ赸׶ͬŮıӰʧķֻһ˸е㡣ôǼƷҶɣ
ȻǺò裬һ°ɣԼȥöȣȰѲҶˡ
ŷͻȻãҶûһ׼ŷЦеĸ˹Цѵһˣҵȥ㷿俴Ĺʲôӵġ
ѣߺߣҲҵĺò˶ٰɣ
ЩӵһǻˣҶɲŷԼʰ䡣
ߣ
ŷһƿһŷ̽ͷ̽Ե˺һ󣬼ƺʰú룬̷߷߲ƽ˵϶ģͯİɣ
ûҶشٵ˳ܵһǰƿš
ףȻѰѵม
űʰĸɸɾķ䣬ŷС
ǵȻҲסĵطô?Ҷŷ˷䣬Ҳŷֱڴȥ
ڻûбԷҲû׼ӣԣľǴˡ
ŷҲûʲôڴҶʴڴţƣе¡ĳԵø͹ۡ
ȻֻƳһ۾תĿ⣬̺˿
֣ҶĴһ¡ι˹һòãǰҲڳôƦ
Ҷһ㵣ȻЦֻһɶѣҪô˹İޣˡ
ʲô
ŷɻĿҶСʵռסλ˶԰ɣǲҲҪ
ҶЦ˵ţȻһÿһλӡĴ棬Ц:Ȼϲôͱˣ롣
ȥģ˭һ
ŷһڣһۡ
Ҷ̲סҪһüͷ˵֪ҽжôűȽһ㣬˵ɣҶıת㣬ҪǲµĻɣֲ㡣Ҫ˺һ㡣
˵ӿſճĴҶһƵӣŷüͷ΢˵˭㰡ֻܱŤѡ
ôأ
Ҷæ
ʵ˿Ҳе˷ܺͼͱУһŴϣ˵˵Ҳܰ
ҾҪȻĻһӶˡ
ŷҧ촽ţ˫۸ǳ˾ɫʡ
Ҷæ˵ͷȻߵڱ
ȻŷǾߣͬʱҲôɶȻҪڴ棬ΰɱĻԼβӲˣԼزԵøۣ֮ŷúܱŤ촽˵Ҷ㣬Ҫȥɣֵֹġ
Ҷò׼ƵóѣԸȥæһ㣬ûʲôǸɳ컹һɰ
ʲôҶ֪˵ʲôˡ
ŷԹһ䡣
ǲ֪˵ʲôˣΪŵúܡҲû뵽ԼôԸҶһŴˣǴƲ˵Ĺ
ҶӸϿתһŮڴ죬һǾﲻ顣
ŷ
ҶȻһŷһС¹ײ֪Ҫ˵ʲôֲҿҶ㣬ֻһ
ǰûнѣ
Ҷʵ
ŷ΢΢Ҫܣ
ͻȻ־ʵʲôѽ
Ҿ£Ĺ㻹ôûϲĸеģ
ŷתͷҶһۣβ˵ЩӽҵкӶĿĵģỹôϲأ


376
Ҷ㲻΢΢еԺȻѣҲܵ˰ɣڶſҰŮӽǮҪһЩĺһЩúʵʵŮӡ
˼˵ܶŮѶǸŮûСûǸ
Ť˰죬ŷɴ˵һǸ͵ġӵҶ㣬˵⻰ʱߵ˵ģɷǺÿ
ĸǰȻУ
Ҷ㰵Цһ£⣬׼ȥ
ŷһк棬վ˼ʳڡ
Ŷ˵ϴ
Ҷ㿴ӣʵ̫ɰˣǰ첻ֻԼˡ
š
ŷϸŵ˵ͷ
а
Ҷƺ˵š

𰸣ŷͺһƺܾȣƺеʧ֮ĸо
ҶŲһ䣺ǲҲϹô
ޣ˭˭Ϲ
ŷյĽ߳
Ǻǣڲڴ𣿡
Ҷʵ
ŷһӲ֪ηȲܳ˵Ϲ˶һŴϣɴ촽תͷռұˣˣ
Ҷ㿴ıӰ˵ЦˣʵûкĻ
⣬ִӺ濴Ըеλߣһ
Ҷ˵֣ȻŷɾԼһֱȣԼô⡣
ǲ㣬Լ°ɡ
ҶϷʵ˵ţǹһ˿ǳЦ
һᣡ
ŷһץסҶĸ첲šһ£ݺݵˣƦ
ҶЦһŵšĵطü˵û˵ʲôҲ
ߣӣ
ŷ
ҶȻЦ
ʲô⣿
ŷϽԾ档
ûдʲô⣬롭
Ҷ㻵Цſһ㣺ȻòһŴϣҪҪдһ£
ѾеϷζˣŷŭĵһ߳ι۸ҰҪңǳåޡǴ󻵵
һ˿ңòģǹװԼģһıӦǹŻԼġһԥû´
ҶǺһЦŷⲻѰҪ㣬ޣҪǲ㣬˵Ҫ˵޶ˡ
ޣ
Ҷ㶼ˣŷ֪˵ʲôãֻ˸۸
ȻҶһֽĽסˣͺԵͻһһ½§˻סڴϡ
ŷʧɫҪгȴҶסͣԽԽʧֽҲͣߴ
ôҲû뵽һΪʵҶ㾹ȻͬޡȻҪǿַԼֻˣ첻Ӧеصز鰡ŷ֮Ѹٸһ˲ɾӨỨԼ
Ҷ㲢ûмȥ΢һͻȻ˵һͻȻɿ֣˻ص˿ĴϡȻ˵㲻ôУҸղôԭģҽꡣ
ŷѾŭˮۿдת۸˺󣬽;𣿽𣿡
۾дʧ
ҶҲϿҵĿŷǸŮױ˼ƭҸղǸһΡԺ󣬱ˣ˳嶯ʲôóġ
ŷһ£ʵʲô˼
Ҷ㵭ЦЦ˵㲻ӦڴһɫǵĻھ鷳ˡԺ󻹻ᱻƭԸղû֪ͨһΣ֪ء
㱾ɫǣղ۸ң
ŷ֪ղһĻҶͻȻԼһѵʱίĹ
Ҷ㲻֪ǺˣϽ˵ŷҸղſûô㰡Ϊã㱻ƭҪôҰ
ŷǿ޳ˣҶ㿿һ㣬ַסļֻӿ˵ҪôҶԣԶңҲ㡣ԼһҪסѵҪǱ˰ƭϴûôˡ
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Ҷ㲢ǽڣôġղͻȻ뵽ҲҲˣˡ뵽ͲĵͻȻˡ
ʵҶ㲻֪ǣ˱ˣŷһŽû˵ķԲйŮĸң˵ɵȥˣ
㻹أ޳ܣ۸ң
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Ҳ˭Ϊ˴ĸ򣬱Ҳϧ
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⻰ŷֺֺЦ˴һ󣬸ɴ࿿ҭѾҶ˼֪ΪԼãһѾйίһٶҲǱԭ
ԼﻹڼţҶļȻָϽǿǰο㰡˵ռˣҪǲԸ˵
ŷ̲סšֱһ£ȳͷղŲ֪ͨԼҲľͷûпԼѾԭˡ
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ҶֹΪܵŰֱ۴򱧲ƽ
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Ұ
Ҷ㻻һʣŽǱ˵ʲôץצ֡
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ϻۣҶ㲻һϧķãϵȥ
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ҶȻŷ򾲾ȥԼϵۣĬĬһᡣȻҶһæʵôˣ
ŷҡҾȻ
Ҷһ
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ŷĪĿ˵ȥѾ˱ϷŪ׼Ͼ˿̵Ҷһƻɫࡣ
Ҷ㳤̾һôӦûдûвƨɵְôأӴ
û˵ֱ꣬۾ٶܵŷĺݺϮ
ᰡöŶ
ŷ򲻽Цˣȭġǡš
ƺûˣҶŰһͷ
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ǲҪң
ͷԺ渡˳ŵľǣô죿ǹҸô죿
ҪƿҶ壬Լ˿ԼĻһǿԼҪǿǸղžѾˡԼԾӦҲʶȤֹͣðԼ
ŷ뵽᲻أľܾ϶úûӵİɣ
һŷȻҶ㲢û΢΢һƺһʧ
ʵʱҶҲڰԥţһ£᲻òײˣֿˡҧһ£ǶΣŷŮ콿ǻΪ黨ǲˡ
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˵ľ벻һң˫ܸоԷĺ
Ҷ㿴ŷ˫ƺûԼҲûԵľܾƺڰʾʲôڴʲôƵģȷŷ˼ôģĻǼٵأ
Ҷ˰ҲۡѾеѳֲסˣǽεӣеҪȥ
ŷҶһĿĲС¹ײҲӿ˲٣ƺܸоٵ
ԥˣʧʱ
Ҷ͵ĸԼľȻѸȥ׼ȷһסŷ۵ӣһַ㻬۵ĸоϮҶͷ
ŷû뵽ͻȻôٵһӸ˸ţ۾ҲҶ۾ϽԼ۾ĴңԺһƬհףǲ֪롣΢ع˵񣬡ģô죿Ҹô죿ҪҪƿ
оһƬң֪ǺãһԼӦƿҶ㣬һ⣬ϾûȨԴԼһԥ뵽ò׺ΪѣƿĻǲǻԺҲˣ
ŷԥҶ˴ᱡʱ䣬ʱȻǺ˰ʹŷ۵˫漢ʵĿڵŻнӣ˱촽۵Ĵꡣ
֪ǺõŷץҶ·ȻûƿҲûйǴӴϴо̼ͬĵļ˿Ҷ㡣Ҷô˵ҲźܶĽǾ飬ǻûй𽥵˷о仰˵ǿXʱȻܷǾܰɣ
ĵ׶ˣǵζҲǾʹɣ
ȻŷоһĶԼĴ䣬Լ촽ڱڣԼݣȻûо飬ҲʲôȻзһƤͷ۸ңҲ϶ôߵģҧһҧɣ
뵽⣬ŷǳһ£Ϊϲ˵СҧԾҧͷ᲻ô⣬ǲȷ
ĳֻһ˲䣬ΪǸ˵Ķһֱ֮ζķҲ
עһȰɣ
ţŷɿԼյأ붴û뵽ǣҶ͵ȴͨطУŷһɣͷʱӣС֮УѰҵĶСѸٲȥ
ŷֻԼȫһԭǱ촽Ǵ̼󰡣оԼûɵҶĻУߡѾҪҧͷҧҲƺˣ֪ͷȻ鲻ԽźĴһ
ԼȻ֪ʲôʱѾʼҶᱡŷϸӹˣֻܱ۾ԼûôΡ
֪ǲ̫˷ܺͼˣ˲ãҶ㾹Ȼûзסŷ§һµ˴ͷȻҲųǱʶҪƵһа뷨
൹ڴϣ˵촽΢ֿһ£ҲûڴڵĴ
ǰ紦ɫμҺ죬괭ҲΪڴĹϵҶ̲ס촽˵ŷ
˵ϴ˹ȥ
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ŷϽһԼ˿һ㣬ҿҶ㣬ŬԼ侲һεͣãȻ˹ԼͬʱҲᶨ˵˴β
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ŷˮ̺촽ŷС
е£ҶƲסַҲԼƲסԼܲס
ҶһԼƽͻȻ֮ԼѾеϲŮˣȻĸ߰ӺˣҲԽȾɵģǧС㶼ƢԣҶҲû֡
Σ˺֮⣬ûҶʲôҲû˵ѾƽϢ˽ŷﰵ룺ǲԼĻˣߣãɫǻô߰
ι
ҶСк
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ŷʹͷСӦ
ǰŷʵ̲סˣСĿʵʲô
Ҷתͷαߣ侲е㲻˼˵ǲ
ŷһǲ¶һ˿Цݡ
ƶŷѸתӣҶ㣬ߵڻʲô˵ģ
Ҹղǳ嶯һ㡣
ҶСĵĿı飬ĥûҲΪ̫ƯˣܲҲҪ⳥Ļҿ˫ǻ
ʼĻͱ黹ŷΪ⣬һ仰ᣬֱǿɶ֮ǻռˣ
Ҷ㰵̾Ϊʲôռأ˵Ůƽôڵ˿ŮʱΰԿ
⻰˵ŷƺûжƵģҲ˲٣ЦЦСʵ˵ô죿ҪҾͳԿһ㣬òã
⡣
ŷ΢΢һۡ
ʵǹ㣡
Ҷչһ壬̾š
ʲôң
ŷ򲻽գѰ˼ռұˣң
ŭӣҶ㲻Ųæ̾ǰ˭ôƯأ˵һˣŮ˶ᶯأ
תԼŷ˺죬컬ļһξˣԣҪҳԷ
Ҷ㱾㷣Ϊȥû뵽ô˳Цаû⡣Ҫٷòã
ŷе֣һôôһĥ֪û¡ҪһΰݺݵĶҶ㣬ն˵У
ĵŷٴκߵҸ˵ԺĻߺߣһڵģ
Ҷ㰵ֹһղҲԸɣô֮ͳǿзˣŮ˰
֪ŷûҶĵӶʱСƤЦ˵УԺһҪҲһʾǼŷõ׼֮ŻҪҡ
߰Ļŷ򲻽Цһ䣺ǲҪļһ˭Ǽҵŷ˭Ҫˣ
ˣǼң˽˵ģ˰ɣ
˶ίҶһüӡ
ƶˣеӵϷңôûϷŷŮ
ŷСȴһɡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦס֣˵ŷŮǼŷƯҵȻϲŷˣ
ס֣ŷʱתͷҿ۾˵ŷŮƯĻ쳣һֱŷѹŵ·Ҳ˲١
ΪոպҶرĹϵŷҲ˲٣ȻһҶû뵽⡣
ιҶ㣬ûϲС̰
ŷϣתͷƵĿֱ۾
Ҷһŷһۣ˵˵ʲôأôܻϲСֻ̣Ǻѣ
ôܣСôƯֺãʣǿĪϲ콿
ŷŴ죬ԽԼĲ²ǶԵģϾ콿˵Ĺˣϴȥɳ̲ʱ;콿ɫˣҲû룬һ룬ҿ϶Ҷ콿֮һʲôɸ˵űˣ
ôأɱ˵㲻һֱ콿ǺôԸ㻹֪
͵͵Ҷڵ˼дա


378
ôܣСôƯֺãʣǿĪϲ콿
ŷŴ죬ԽԼĲ²ǶԵģϾ콿˵Ĺˣϴȥɳ̲ʱ;콿ɫˣҲû룬һ룬ҿ϶Ҷ콿֮һʲôɸ˵űˣ
ôأɱ˵㲻һֱ콿ǺôԸ㻹֪
͵͵Ҷڵ˼дա
ҶӿŷƵĿʪ촽ĿĲ
Ҷ룬ŷͷˣٵĵͷıͬʱҲ΢Ϣһ£Ҳ˻ô
ҶٺЦţǵɫ¶˿˿ĲɫʳָŷԲ°ͣͷĴȥ촽ɵľʹӣͬʱ˫§֫ʼ˹Եء
ŷ׹һΣһҲûʲô˵˼ŷ򲻽ûƿҶ㣬ҶһҵĽӭȥĴʼ͵Ŀ
֣ͷƣҶɢųĴֵŷûһ˿ˬĸоԼǼ֣ħĴֺʹཻʱĿ׵ķ˷Ҷϡ

ƵĺУҶſŷôᴥһŷĶͷŷ壬޵ŷ
ûмӸΪ֪ʱ죬ϾӴʱָ˳˼˼ǰһŷҲһжòʧˡ
󻵵һ쵽֪۸˼ң
ðŷŻعСȭͷݺݡĴҶš
˳ץסҶԷźϼŷ˵ϣȥҿɾĲ֪ƵסԼ˲ھˡ
˭ˣ󻵵ôûŷŮֶŵģ͹֪۸ҡ
ŷţǱҶ§ܾ쵽һɢӲİβҶţ˼Ȼ֪ǸʲôȻﲻܣôˣԲģŬֳҶĻ룬˰ҲûɹԼŪĸ
ûˣ
ŷź촽ѡ
Ҷ΢΢һЦұ
һ§ŷ֫һ§ǵʮβҶûסˤϷϡ
Զ㣡
Ҷ㱧˿ɳϵŷ򷢾ǰǶĹĵһһʱеĽָ߰Ҷϡ
Ҷ˶棬ŷһ֪뵽ʲôͷЦԸŸҳĻʵҲǲģ
ų
Ҷŷֱ಻ŮҲ̫TMD뺷ˣֻ˵ĳڡ
Ҷη˵ҵŮҰɣ
ŷݺݵصҶһۣǣһ˿Ц⣬޵˵ôУԺͺúõĸţŮͨͨβ׼
ҶͷŰۣŷҲ̲סЦ֮ҲһЦȻ޴档
ŷŸʵͯĴסһôˣ͡͡
ҶϷʵһҧ˵ɫĴɫǾ֪մǲݣͯһŰ߿ˣ
ҶΪͷʹŭҪǸ˵Ųҡ
˭֪ŷͦأۡ
Ƿˣ
Ҷ߷ߵȥȻǰҶѾû˼ŷǼţƤǳˡ
ŷЦЦǷ˵ôͷˣѵ㹦Ҳ֪ͯÿôġ
Խ˵ԽףҶֱô͵ŮղŻһߵӣȴЩµ˸ɷھ͵˳ֱ޵ˣ
ںڣ治Ӧιۡ
Ҷ̾Ϣһ
ߣҲźڽˣҪǲͲᡭᡭ
ʲôŷ˵˰Ҳû˵ڣЩǷϵģ˵˺˵ԼȻһ̾ʹһŮ˳СС
ȥˡ
У˱˾׼˦ֲܰҲŲóأҾﲻˣܰô˵Ҷûа㷿ιأô㻹ʲôɸ˵ô
ŷʹͦͦأһƵģ
Ҷ㿴˲̾Ѿͷǹ˵ģǾе㽿
㻹Ҫιʲôʲôιѵ׼ȥԡҲιۣ˵㻹Ҫѹι۰
Ȼŷһ¿ˮ̵ģҶ㵱ȻҲʾˡ
ߣ˭ϡ㣡
ŷ˶ţݺݵİҶһۡ
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Ҳǣ϶ֵüҶϷŷٴε촽ͳſ˹ȥ
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Ҷ㼱æվಽĸ󡰺ߣ
ŷֱ˷šôˣ
ҶСĵʵҶôôð˵ҪҴȭİ
ҶȻ򣬡ңˣѧ̫ȭǰɣߣҽȥ
չüͷŷٴκݺݵصҶһۣ˵ðɣҪҰ
ŷڷҶظļæͷõģõģһģ
߰ɣȥܼȦȻٽ̫
ͷҶ壬ŷҶ
ȻŷԸֱˣκһͺģֻҪԾܵƢ˶Ż룬رϵһ˸ǲ뻨ңܶ˶ȥ׷ֱһӻҺڻ˲ࡣڲٳϳĺܶ˶׷ߣղŶһڵҶɱ˹ȥʱǻֻţ˿̼ȻҶ֣һ˶ʱҾƵ˫ͨ죬صĶ˵ıӰ
Ŀƺ˺ˣѾЩЦϵҶѷΧĲԾ֪Щ˵˼ǣúöǡ
ҴܣĲ̫ĺࡣ
˵Ҷŷ˹ȥǱŮԴֲڵĶС֡
Ŷ
ȻŷԸ֣ϾѾǶʮĴˣϴСȻҲ֪ЩŮµģղҶܣ漴ſ֣ݵʱⲢûʲô˿̵ѾȫͬˣֱҶεţҶ㻹˵ŻʹֱˬҲܲ˵Ŀ⣬κҶ˵оݣĿҲЩˣпԣֻþȥ룬Ҷָ
̫ȭѾγ廨ŵ·Ҷϰ̫ҲڵģƾʮĹ̫ʶԾޱ̵ģоȫգǷȱֻǾѡҶϰĳʽ̫ȭʼĩȭʦͥӳͥ𣬳ϰ̫ȭ϶ԭеȭ׽мӹγɽһ·ȭסȭʽᶯǾıŵģٶȺǿȲͬ˶ѶҲͬǷѭ򽥽͸õԭ
һ·ȭĶϼ򵥣٣ۼΪԲ⿿ֵΪԲ˿ΪΪ˳ԻΪӭպͻգϾлᡢȵɫ
ڶ·ĶϸӣҪ١գն٣þԲ⿿ΪۼΪաѸ٣صԾĶ·СܱԾŲսĶп졢աԾɫ
̫ȭꡣҶϰĳʽ̫ȭҲ⡣Ȼ̫ȭںḻصֵ侫ȻǸõļܡ̫ȭļ壬ʧȥ档Բ̫ȭ··ʵս÷̫ȭˣǺϸĴˡЩȭȭʮ꣬似壬֪㲻֪ڣôȭԶԴ̫ȭӦеƺϡ
ҶҪ̸ŷĵȻ̫꣬Ȼŷ֪Ƥë֪ĻǸʵҪγɵľֵͻֵ汸ȭ֡ŷһĹףҶ̫ȭĵһ·
һ̵аۣһѧ棬ʱڲ֪Ȼţŷ۵㺹죬ɫٳϵҲԽԽˣ˿ΧŷںƣҶպͷ˵ˣɣټ
˿ΧԽԽĿ⣬ŷɫĵͷðɣҲֻˣҪŶǧҸӹ
ҶЦأϴ£ôѧƯͽҸ˻ôӣȥпվͺúûҽĶҿҪĹˣҪͷӴ
ߣŲܳרң
ŷһ˵źŷ򽻻˵绰룬ֵ֮Ҷû߶Զ͵һͣ˽Ųͬʱüͷ


379
Ҷû߶Զ͵һͣ˽Ųͬʱüͷ
Сӣӵȵȣ
ŵĻһ׾ҵţͷƵļд󲽿˹
λ£
Ȼ֪û£ҶϻǹŵЦϾ⼸˳ЩСɫȫûкǼƽϵıҪ
ߣ˵ʱŷĴҲͲ˵ʲôˣ󡻹ŷԶһĺãñĲ
ĿǰУҶĵŷ׷ߡ
ĿһۣҶ㼥ڽ˵»òܣܵҲֱӹܹã
TMDҪСӷ㣡
мĹͷΪ𱬣ҶѾŭüëһҶ˲ͷеĻѾĳĽɣ˿ܿϷ·ˣҶ˵ǰʧ߱Ҳʶ

͵ĴЦмĹͷиǲֱЦſˣָҶ˵壬ǣTMDЦˣ
ҶĿǣΪǵĳЦЩǵɵû˵Ȩƣ˵ҶҲû¹˭⼸е㻨ӵĴֺһڰǶſ£֮δΪΧ۵ѧȽ϶࣬ϣˣѧУܱϾ˵Ҳĵ͵¡
ôүǸǵǰɣȰ㻹ǺúõԼķɣҧǣǻе㵣ģٺ٣ֵǣ˵ǲ簡
ŴͷĴգС۾񶾵Ļ籡
ԱȼеĴЦҶķŭˣϵΧͬѧ꣬ϵϣϵԼӣҲԻᷢġ
Χ۵ѧԽԽ࣬ķ׷ĴţԭίҲûһվæ׼ſϷóֻܡ
ȻҲˡ
ӲɭɭĻҶһһٵ˹ȥʽʰǵҶ㲢ûзٽǾȻֽţӲӲȻҪ֣ôɴһսɣʡԺĲӬ࣬Ӧʹ鷳Ҳģ
ӣȥѵ
ͷǸûе㺩Ĵ׳к˵߷ҵȭþûˣҵֶˣ
Ӷ˼¸첲ӰָؽžͬʱҶ㺩ЦֵܣҶӵȭͷӲĺӴҪעŶҪһȭͱҸſˣҾԲºֵģİᵽҽԺȥûǮҩѵġ
Ҷһ⻰ûЦǱȽϴģҲĶȥҶ˲˾⺩ɵֻ΢ѵһ¾ǣǸŧļһԻȥҽԺɸꡣ
Χ۵ѧЦ֪⼸˵еѾС˿㿴ַɵˣЦˣ
ⲻͷҶôô⼸ɷˣ
ӣϻôô࣬ʰȥȺþƣ
ͷŭһɭΧ۵ѧɨ˹ȥ

ڴͷкĿУְоƺȶʱ˾Ҳȥʲô򲻴˵ˣŴִȭͷһһֱȭӭҶ.죡
޴󣬶ӱ˰ףĿɿڴĿ˿ԼȭͷҲ˿Ҷ㣬ղصһȭҶţΪʲôҶһ¶ûжԼء

Ҷûӳ˼ʱ䣬Ҳû˶پʱ䣬ĺ˶ӣҡҡͷ˿Ҷ㣬ŲŵʹȭͷֱһȭͺҶͷ
ҶͷԶͣӴִȭͷҶӲģŶӲŵΧѧľҶ˳һȾͰѶߵԶʹɾûйΪӣźĴҶĪĺøСȻûʲôˣҲġ
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ڴͷк͹ͷ𾪵Ҷ㱩һ
һۣȻڿڼٵĺˣ˼ʹſҲʾԺﻹѧУ죿

һ֮ͷкʹͷгҰ֮ƺݺݵسҶ㣬ӵȭͷȻûҶȻҶ϶Ѿ˲ˣھֻһֽϻǿ϶̵ʱڰҶ򵽣
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ƵʹùͷдʹǳƵĴ汻Ҷǿ䵹˵ϣһ˺üס

ܵѧȫһŵϴ󣬲Ůۺ󿴵ҲŴ죬С
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ĴһҲһȭҶ.ǲûԷôôǿһΪŮأ
Ҷɸ񵲿ȭͷ֮ĳš

ΧĴЦôͷ첱Ӵ֣ƾôʹǴҶ㣬ÿÿҪˣֱھܵ˲
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ʲôѽҶ㣿绰˰Ҳ!ѧֵʳõҶ㱻󺣵ĺѡŶ
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ͯϴ˳߸ճҶͳ嶯վͣǰ˽ԼĹذҶţرܺģ

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ذֻ˯ȥ£Ҫ𴲣Ժͯ˹رסֱŻ磬Ҫ˯


382
ŷǶݵģһҶͱŷĵ绰ȥˣҪҶȥֳ档
ŮҶҲҲ˵ǣССҪ϶㣬ѾϺˣͳ˼˼˸ǺҶˡ
Щʱ䣬ڵֳŷʮĳȥƱͷĶҶҶ㣬һûأ
δͳ嵽Ҷֱ۾ֳק
ŷԼ棬ҪҶ棬˵ҪĵҶǿıҲֻÿЦŵͷӦˡ
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Ҷָǰ治Զͤ
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Ҷ֪룬Ϊرϲ溣أҲ⡣һ˺ʩ֮ǰҶЩüͷǻȥ⣬ƫƫϵȺŮŮ˾ôô
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Ҷ㵹µĿŷǲ԰ףȴִ˷ܵı顣ᣬȻ氡еô죬Ҳۡ
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ΪԼҸ룬ҶǹϵĶס졣ȻҲֻԼȥˡ ء
ŷĿԲ¶һԾģ֪ھ̼˶ǾҶĶߣŷֱԼĳǻʧȥ
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ҶҲǴд̼Լɡľˡ̶ֳȵĸ߿׹䣬Ѿ᲻ٴ̼ˡȻȴǵһڸ׹ĹкȽǡŷƺܣµȻȼΪŷ㴽
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һƺڻعƽҲƺĬģû˵һ仰ֻĬĬӵһ𣬱۾žҴ̼ĵನ·һɹˮΪӽ˵顣
ŷ˫Ѿú֮˫ոǳüγˮҶ˳µĽ˳ڡ˳տڸסεĵط
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ߣС㻹û乻ˣ·ء
Ҷüģŷ򿩿ЦţǵİƶƮôˬ


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˼˼ʽķߣڴϻӵʱ򣬾ͳױˡ
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һһ˫Ĵסеϣʱһסʹ࣬ʹǴûйĿУһĸоǵһϮǧֻʹǵĸоǺ֡
˰οԵ˵һĻ˼˼ȫȻһ߸ߵذŷ۾סһ̱ȥϵطĴϢ
Ĩͷϵĺ飬ЩɺԵ촽Ҷ㿴ȫĨһõ廨һ޵Ůˣͷеѣεظо
˼˼ֻûһ֣˿˿ͷƽ˽ʵǿ׳ĻУһû̱ϡٵĲ壬Ҷ㱧ɳϣŮ̧ףཱུͮͮۡᴽ˵ϡַŵԼϡ
һƬ壬оһ㲪ͷԽԽ̣Ҷ㲻ٶ󶯵Ůȴ̰ؽ촽ÿ죬һƬۻͷĿУò
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С㡣С㣡ҡ
ĵĳ˼˼ܾܲס尾⼸ζӣĵϪˮ缺ʪԸ˿˿С㣬˻һĹ̡
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˼˼̰ı飬̶ܴϼ˵ԣݺݵسǰһ˼˼͵һ°ۣɫ˲һƬ糺죬ȴȻµذŪͷǻԲѩ׹ɱ豻Ҷ˫һ⡣ָǽյĻ΢һŪ˼˼糱ӿһؾҶѩ׵βɽĸ¶Ȫһ
˽ǣ˼˼ѩ׵شȲϳ鴤ֱڵϵ̰˵ͷ򡣲ֱһǵذϮĿгǷӿĸ¶˲ʪȻһףһѵһڣػ˯ȥ
ָڳ˼˼ǷĽϲü£ҶеƣرҷʹȥŮ߽ҡֲζĸоԼʲôΪʲô̲ס嶯Ůһòϻȥôһսսʿѵ̸Լҩ⣿
С㣬ȫ㡣
βĳ˼˼嶼ˡ


384
ǰЩӣͯҶ߶쵽ˣԼؼҿҶӦˣ쵽ͯգҶ͸ͯңƷҶͯߣͯţ~Լʮ꣬һ׻ɫȹ׻ɫϥȹճ彿ɽʤգ縡ͻǡôʵǰ˶彫ȹĹĵĶ˫֮γһ߸ߵɽȹѩĻʷ˶أͻԲΣɫ͸ˮ˿޳ԲȣϾ¸߸Ըˣ˼۽ǵԼɼβƣûӰĵĵۣ˳ķϣȶˣ磬Ҷ֮Цӯӯ˵Сɣ
ĸˣ뿴ʲô֪ĸϲϲ
Ҷ΢ЦŴһװӣǰĻƷ־˵ֿ˻Ҷ֪ͯλĸ˵ϲã֪ϧԼգԾƻƷ
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ǡβϺ۲ʽţϳٺϡϺʡըＹ޺Ϻ㡢б⡢Ź㹽λ˫ҵȵȰһӣę́ƣɿڿ־ˮһӦȫ
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Թ֮־ȥϴ룬ҶͯҪȣͯ˵ϴ裬ҶҪһϴͯҪС㣬ҶȻпԡ棬Ҷ˵װţɡ
ͯѾԶԾذ·ҶȻҲΪ½
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Ҷ㿪ˮӵǣͯʵ൱˷ܣһסӣϡ˱һڱסǵʱ򣬼ףһԼѵķҶĥţʹʮ
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Ҷִƨɺֱ쵽Դḧ֪ˮǱʲôֻһֶʪʪģһЩճճĸо
ͯ۾˫ֱסҶ㲱İҶܵԼ岻Ϸȣ΢ŵĸڣ̲ס
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ԼйϵˣΨͲһ籣ŷСеԣҶ㼸ΰʾûбסҶú̸̸û뵽ȴӵ籵ĵ绰̸̸ҶеЩֽ֡ŷĵ绰Ҷ֪ԭŷԼĹϵ˰ְ֡ŷ˲̫˽Ҷ㣬籺Ҷ̸̸˳˽һҶ
ȻǾãҶԼ˸ʱ䡭

籴һװü䣬Ҷྻѩִ죬ҩǻоɫһŽࡢ°֮һŮӿɱȡر˫һìܵĽ壬Ȼޱˣ峺˲Ҷ࿴һ۵ͬʱȴֶ
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ҶҲ΢΢һЦҲǲŵأûгɣҸطԷȥ
ðǱǸĺһҵĲȥ԰ɡ
ǣ˱һǱߵĺһҲȥˣһ·ϣֻ˵һЩЦ涺Ļ龰ͬѧӡ֮Ȼ˽һ߾룬Ҷ㻹ŵһɵˮζǵˮζڱϢΧˬ
ĺһҲһٻе¥ϣ˵ֱϰ¥֪Ϊɶ˵ݵ˺ܶࡣ
ݵҶ籱½½˼˽ҶĻУҶ޿κνůľ棬һܽӴ㷢䴫㣬Ȼ٣űĲϣĸܳǻԲ̵ͦεÿһҶһ࣬أɲȻ˷Ӧ
ǸʮĳŮԣ˵ûŮ֮£ҲʶݺݶסԼβʲôҶ㼱ٶĺ㷢ȵϢţöƽҡ
籵ʱͷҶһۣȻǰҵҪҶ㣬εʵڲ٣籽һŤǵû뿪˼µĽȴһĦͦεȻڸ䴥Ҷ㱾ͼӲǹĸӵȼ
ҶԼҪըˣ籵зʵҶַ£ӲǹѾֱֱĵס籵Ĺɼ䣬ŵҶƺܸܵỬϸֵʮĴȼµҶ˵ϿһܱĲˡ꣬һСڶֱ񾭣һ̣ҶѾȴһС
ܵϴӺϢŨصĺһαӵӲִסҲһ࣬Ħ£ȴȵķֵԼеҶ෴Щɬеֹĸо£籸еĪĸеһίίļҪ޳ˡ
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ҶȻһɣֻͬʱأǽηľ޴Ҳ˲롣

һеأֻֿϮʶ󣬷סİҶ
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ҶصشϢţֲϲµĸоҲ쳣ܡ
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籵ԽԽ죬еҲһûϢرŪҶһ֧ƵȼڲĴʼȸܵİ籶Ťţ֪ĵӭҶŪأ·䣬ȹ𣬱Сͷ֪ر˶ƤϣϵԸб˿СҲ˺鲼
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ǷĴ뿪΢΢Ҷָһѩб´һֱȽ籽СŤҶָ⣬Ϸۺɫʱ

񱳹ǱƵģȫûԹоƴչ֫ˣĲˣǱѾȼյ壬񱻻Ͻһ㣬ȼյøңΪĸоţȫƺܿһȫƺ˻
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Ҷ˫۽ѩ׵β̧𣬻Żȵѻ¶ĵĹȲϽӽ
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ҶǰһƣӲǹʱ̴Ů˵Ĵ¶ɲǼ侷ΣͦƨɣҪֳƵġǿҵĳҪǽ۵˺ѣδԹ˵ĳſײǴûйľ޴гˮӿͷ
ֵҶǿûӷȥ֮߷˻Ҷ֣ˣҶǿܵǰδйĽһ̲֪ԭĸоȻҡ
Ҷһûܹ籼ֱ裬ħƵذķһθַܵУ޷֮ȴļ䣬Ҷ̬ȲǺܺãԸһֱҶ㣬Լٴᵽֽĸо˺һĳʵУ֮ȥǿ̹ĵˬоѾ˹衣
籣ʱ˿ҲҶ³˾Υˮ֮סĹﴫĿУϢݣţҶð
ҶʤƵ޸߹ϣ±ľ޴ýתӭɴ̣߻ãޱȵУ𾢵سš
ʹ泩֪ԵĽ˺ߣüʱҶ㣬õܵܣ㡭㡭ม
Ҷƽׯŵ籱ֵ󣬾ȻɧˣͦȻǴسţδѵĵĻ԰ȻʮֵĽխÿһ³嶼ľĥʮһһģҶޱȿܡ
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Ҷ㣬ɴϵλһѩ׷ŵе籶ȻԼҶسԣ廹ܽţʱϼĶĴ۾߽գһҲҶĳ΢ϯ˼վ˶̵ľĹһһµضʶ»䣬֫צסҶ㽡׳ͦӣңҳ鶯ϵĦؼĹڵĳ鶯ԽԽң޿ɵĿռ飬ϵطӭϣ˽УʴǵĴڷſһеظҶ㡭มҪɡˡ
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˵ڿ㶼ЩˣʵЩ
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籸Ͻ͡ǵġȥ˯֮һоЩ˾ҵķڴϼšôԺЩʹǾͽ·»ఴĦ
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Ҷ˿ŮС뵽ղŵĻ棬Ҷζüǹ𻵻Ц󱳻ʹҿרҵİĦʦŶҰǰɣ

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ŷ콿ͷ󣬾ˣΪѾͷ֪С̸ոձҶˣ罺ڼ䣬Ծҹ޳øС̣籿Ѿͷˣߵ˫ͨ죬͵͵Ҷ㡣
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籵һҶƵǰֻº档µ˴ȸСڿıԵСϲͣĻȦȦľ˽ǰ㼸£类
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Ͷ򣬶ң׼ȺܸߡκһӵͶ֣ܺܳȵ̬ӱȷӹƵʱֻҪͶס̬ͶȥһӲܹѱӵıȷҲܹԼӵʿıս
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ʱҶӵڵľԷ߻ԶԷԷΪԼ棬Ҷʱ򣬲ûء
ѾյԼƺ򣡡
ҶҪ򣬶ԷѾȥķסԼƣļԱҲԷ˷סˣҶ㷢֣򵥵ĽͻƲȥڲ֪ʱʱ򣬽溰ע⣬𳬹ʮ룬˾ǽΪ
ҶһʱӣʣӣûϣˣɴֱͶͶԶ򣬲Լس
ҶֽٹͷֱԾ׼Է𣬳֡
ԷĶԱͽţȻ˲޴̶ȣǸλþҪͶⳡӮˣ
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˶˼ȴϵʱ򣬿ǣȴƫƫ˵Ԥϣû뵽ɫڳϿջһƯߣ׼ҽˣ򣡳Զ
һ˲䣬ÿԼ۾ֻнĬĬңԼûлˣңҶľ״ֻ̬Ҫȶķӣⳡû˿⣡
ԷԱɵˣݣôԶܽɵİɣ
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ڳӣԼпŶԷԱֱԭһۣȷַ
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Ȼ䣬Ǽڳ˶ܿȺˡΪҶָ·νɷѿġҶЩ̸ֽʵʵĳ϶սʱȷʵӦãЧܺá
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ҶǱǸĽСÿѵĳݶһܶ油ԱһǼսˮˮƽ糡Աƺӵÿ˶Լλãҽ˺üֲݵͣĻһˣܸıӵս
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һԱ˵ʲôһȦײһ£ھͿס𡣡
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ҶӵϣСһקȥһȭڶԷؿϡ
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ʱ򣬻вٳµĹڶЩڻǳԱѣһԼѴˣȻҲţ
ԽԽңܵҲԽԽ࣬һѾƲ˾ˣѾʧءһ˴Ⱥܵĵطˡ
ʱ췽ϽѧУѧУкö˶ʶҶ㣬֮ƫܣһĴǲܣרžץЩġץֱ𽺹ա
Ҫʣôֱ˭Ǵһ˭ǴأǴһɫҶǴǺɫģǵĹҲ϶ĺɫģǰ˶ɫ·ǵҲɫ·ֻҪЩʶҶ㣬ʶǺģĶѺǴһǾͶܵǣ
һᣬʮűѴһ˶ץˣҶǵļԱڳϣųڵһƬǽ壬Ȼֿ˿һԵĲС߹ȥʵⳡô죿ģӦиʤ߰ɣǲǻҪ
п˿Ǽˣ߹ȥʵǡǻܼ𣿡
Ǵܣ
һɵʵ
ϻ򰡣
ˣһʣˣôҲˣôǰﱣͱǴץǰһģڰǴĺö˶ץˣôһһûץǲǸйϵ
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װĲסһӴ˴ܣЩΪʤʲô鶼óʲôѣ赲ǵĹھϣűֻһ֮ңˣ
Ҷǵʤǿ˾ӡǿȻҲʤˣǳǿ鲢ãԣӵ칦ʱ򣬳ǿһֱԱȰȾҲȣɫܲÿ
ǿ磬ȾưŸʲôӮǽһʹ찡ֽˣ
һѸǿȰơ
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ǿһӰСһͷ
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һԱȰ˵
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֮У԰ľʽʼˡαĵصѧģ򳡾УɰǧˡҶǽʱ򣬳µĹڶϯУַǷ
Ҷǻͷһθܵôֳֵգ̨¼ǧ˵ĻѽһѪڵĸоһʼЩŵڶõ˳ֵͷţųԵĻĴ˷ҶǵսҲԽӵǿ
ǿǰѾ˳￪ʼڱǰԱڸԵ߽
ǿһԱҶһѧȻųǿ˵ǿ磬㿴ǣͷһμôĳ棬һ˷ܵӣнһ
ǿҲ˿Ҷǰˣص㿴˿Ҷ㡣ȻҶϴһɳé®˷ܣڳЩǿҶпһɱʤ;ģҶ㣬ҶߵԱһĶʮ㣬ȻǵһһŵûУһµҲûС
Ҷǣ˸һ˳˶ʼԼǿ鳡ؽ˶Ųҵģ˷֮࣬ûǽǰźõսԲҲûб˳ӿֳճͷԡ
µĹźҲԽԽ󺣿ųµĻȺ˳ڰ֣ǣȥ֣żǧˣĶɫɫǳǿǶӷɫ˵µĹڣаٷ֮ϵĶǳǿǵĹڡ
ϵĽ˵Աʼӵǳࡣǳʽǳ¡ءȽܵҶǶ顣Ҷһɣʮ򳡵ʱ򣬵ȷʵµһƬ
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ӣõ㣬ʲôûУ
ȥɣȥɣǻᱻŰĺܲҵģ
Ҷ϶ôܡҶȴԼĶǣֵǣҪܱôס룬ǶΪߵƬġ죬ʲôʲôӮĸʲôѧĹھɵģΪԼ룬ԼΣ
ҶĻֵǶ¹ܵĸţԼԼͣ㳡ûΪǹƣҲ¸ҵıϡ
ЩӺҹҹЩڿвսʤۼ߹ҹҹЩۺѵҹҹ룬Щ׾ͿʼϰԱԺһһ֡죬ЩԱվУ԰ھľϣԼҵһСԺ󣬻иȴǡ
ԣⳡҪ̫࣬ҲûʲôùǵģֻҪڳӣԼŬȥԼ룬һ˶Աְҵ
ŲеһʼˡⳡҶ׷ͬʱԼƺ󺣻ûϹԱͬʱ׷
Ҷ㻹ǱߣҪͶΪԷʵȻռϷ磬ҲǴ˵еôƣκһ֧ӣǿҲԼ㣬ڣŸտʼʱ䣬ǾҪ˵ĺ󷽣ȥŬѰǵ㡣
ػصļغϣԷķǿȦɵ㣬ںͳǿǶսĹУ֣ҶǼ˷ǲûд˵еôǿ󡣿ӣֻгǿļιͻӵ㣬˼ϳǿڽ
ǿӣһ˶Էӵ㡣Ǿǿ
ǿĴӵƣҲͬӵ㡣˶һˣǴһģǿһ˾ֻġǿȻܷסǿĽܹͻѹסԷϾ˯©ٳ
ڿµĹźһ˸߹һˣǻȫһɫĸǿǴĵļһûٸôʮˣҲЩѧǰԼͬսǼ
ѧУȼֻǳԣ꼶ľǲȥǸ꼶ģڴһĶ󣬻Ķţƣ˴ӡ
ңѧ棬Ȼţ˱ԻѧУѧУĵ¹أ㱳жţƣϰ˭ҪѧУ죬ҪѧУĹءѧУĹأǳǿָġ
ԣǿѧ鴫ϴѧУţƵˣû֮һΨһǸѧûһ˿Ժͳǿ࿹⡣
ԣµԶΪǿͣдһˣҲҰ֧ԼӵĿںźЩˣҴźɫֻǴűװڽ￴ű
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ʱǰһͬѧϽŵ˾һ˵೤ˣûȫǳǿ֧ôĿŵĸһļǻ᲻˵ģŭǣ
һӣͣһӣʤ
κͯѾվӣŲӺǰͬѧǸźһӣͣһӣʤ
ڽеУڵһѾˣӵıȷǶʮűȶʮҶ΢󡣴һҶսϲûгԿԷʮŷ֣жʮķǳǿһ˴ģУӵϵصĶСӵȷʵӣǲеġ
һģƾǿһˣţƲȥ
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ڶڱһʼҶǰķظǿ·ߣǿӵĸˣһ²׵Ͷǻرŵ£ֻҪһ볡ͻ򽻸ǿóǿ֯ͶˣҲ϶ǳǿ
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ڵڶһʱҶͳǿűһ򡣳ºܶ˵һοѧУﻹһСӵͶĸǿô׼ⳡóµЩڴ۸
кܶǱſһôŰ̬ģǣ֮Ҳû˾ôһӺ۸ˣ˵ĿʼԤУ֧һӣпܴУ԰漣
ڶڵıԱȵһҪӼҡ˵һڵĳν֮󣬴ĵҲӴһ񡣲ǵּͺͱʤǲòⳡòԼٷ֮ٵ̬ȥЩΪǲһĴһǡ
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Щһӵĳ϶ԱЩԲˣԷĽ̫ϬˣǿʼŽϽҶ㻻ϳǽһĿųϵľƣûκλ˵Ĵ㡣
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һͶͶ׼ˣҲǳ׼ֻҪʶһܳΪӵĴԡ
ԣڵҶ㿪ʼӵĴԵĽɫں֯ӵĽһΪҲͻƣŶԷԱȻԼԱϵѹ
һӵôһսϵͻȻ仯ĵĻеϰߡǵҪ÷ֵҶ㾹ȻҪ˻ĻòüأҪǼأ͵öԷĸԱȥԼɵķطߣҪǲڷҶ㣬ĻҶܾܿԼͻƣͶ÷֡
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ŭǿڳҶǽһı֪ǿ˰ӣôǰԣҪҶ㣬ֻҪǿԼҪڶҶķϣǶڴһ˵һӾͻ׺ܶࡣٲõĶԷĽˡ
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˵˶ҪӮҪЭԲ˽ġҶټٵĽôĵ˳дͷһĶ֪ôˣǿҲʼѡ
ԼŵĴ˽ŵս־棬ҲǶ档
ΣǿֳʼռţǿģԸ׾ٵģھ϶ǷĪ
ǣۿŴһĽԽԽ·ԽԽ˳ǿżϻˡ
ǿҶǱƵҪһЩֶˣϳµļְֹ˾ˣǿʼܲ˵ĶҶϵײǣײ˻á
µŮӿżˣ ʲôϹôصķ涼а
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ڴʱ˿̣ڳĳڣһŮЩԶŮĺɫԷһ⴩žǴһԡЩÿ˵һڵ󣬵Լɤźʱ򣬷ܰѳڴڸס
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ǿﳡ϶ԱܵЩдŮĸţһĻ⣬Ľڸտʧ˺üΣҶҲץס⼸λᣬѱȷһӷˡ
ǿǷϵıȷ֣ԼӾ֡ǿżˣԼĶѺʲôûŮ𣡲ݣӺúô򣬱񣡡
ԱǱǿӳôһѵ⣬Ҳ¿ˣǿѾͷˣû뵽ⳡô࣬Ȼ֮ǰԤⳡǰɻʤȴûԤϵⳡǺпܻ䡣
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ĵжԱɱҶǰ볡ʵ⵱ǿһͨ·Ȼóǿһ
油ϯϵжԱվˣҶӵĻǳǿӵ油ȫվǿӵĳ油ԱѾ׼ףˣҶЩ¶Աﻹٴһ˿漣ķ
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Ҷǻ󣬼סвʮӣıȷֳʮ֮Ҳֻ
Ҷ֮һ˴Ѹ͵ԷͻƣԼŵĸ˺ͶԷ˶Լİ볡˭Ҳ׷ҶٶȣܿҶ㣬ҲֻĪ
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һһǷϵıȷָոı䣬ʱҲһճĽˣҶĴһ񣬾ȻսʤǸ˵й޲ˣս޲ʤĳǿĴӡ
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ǿɵˣСӿ˿Ƿƣֿ˿ʱ䣬ڿһǻȺڿЩ֧ԼкܶѾȻ볡ǿ֪ԼˣʧܾȻһһĲ
˾һҲӿ̨򳡣һжԱһ𻶺µŷҶȡõⳡ֮׵ʤĿ޳ˣ߼ͬŮһ԰οŷ
Ҷͷ󺹣ųϹŸжˮŷЦЦЦĺܺЦҲϡ
ѧⲿдȻ̫ʣǽפ˺гĴһ¿ʼصޣ齨ǿľµ۹˳˵£μÿҪˣлŮҲȷнԡ


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ڰ޾ѧԺĸһıѩרãٷʱڣûš
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Ҷͷ˵á裬ҵʱû£ҺԼʧȥ㣡
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ֱҶĶӡ๾ࡱĿȻ˶šꡱһЦ
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ѩȴȻЦͣȻҶ˵ѩЦʵҶͲЦٲһأΪѩЦ̫ˣѩЦݣȿһĵ˲䶧ŵ龰Ҫ򱶣
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˫˫ɳϣҶϰԵѩĻϰԵ¥Ҷ㣬Сϴѧڼ䣬ôţЩûҰ
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ҶЦ˵áĵģеֻе
ѩҶ˵񣬲ɵĶҶ˵á˵ôô𣿡
ѩԼĻ԰дʱ򣬲ɵɬ˵áʲôʱյģʲôʱ򣬲ҹ˵ʱյİɣ
Ҷҡҡͷ˵áȻǣõֻյģ
ѩҶԴ˵һǵģЩͳ¹ϣޡաһȥǾͶ군ˣ
Ҷ㡰ЦЦ˵á裬ﻹҺĳҹ¼أձʱ򣬹ƾһбġҪҪ
Ҷһ˵һַ߽ѩǿ컳иµĶӡ
õѩشҶѾǸӰļˣѩҶ֮ϴǰȻһֱߡ֮ọ̈̄ѩЦѣɫͨܵ˵áǷˣҶҪǵ֪ôණĻһ㱣ģ
裬õļ仳
ѩ˵ͷ˵áһЩͼƬӰɾˡ
ԣ
Ҷشĺܼá裬ҲǸǵЩĶһļ֤
ѩЦ˵á˵Ǿǣ𣿡
ҶЦ˵á裬ҵĺ裡
˵꣬Ҷ㱧סѩͷݺݵѩ£
ѩ˵á취
ҶǺǵ˵á裬滹кöء
ѩȴ˵ʱˣȥˣϸóԵģʲôʲôòã
ã
Ҷشһ֣ѩһЦȻǣֵĹгҶѩĲˣѩ³Ҷѩ֣ΪҶԳȽİԺܶ಻ĶѩҶ㣡ҶϲԵĶѩоһ£ʵҶоٲоٶһҶϲʲôѩҶԼأ
ٷʱɲ̣Ҷѩһ֣Ȼĵ룬һֱϿ˵㡣
࣬ÿĺ٣
һŷϾͰˣ
Էʱһֱӵ绰ȻҶЩŮףҶտֵģȻĵ绰С̵ģСһֱ˵˽СʱҶȻĹ˵绰
һ绰Ǵ̵ģҲ˵жʮӣ绰Ҷ̲סĹػˣҺͣһֱţǸ
˻Ȼ
ҶѩЭ̺ˣԷʱιҶԣҶιԣιιȥģԷڵģյȻҶҸˣʲô˴Ļ£᲻Ҹģ
Ȥʵһ£ԼŮ໥ιԷԷĸоһַǳҸĸоʵ˵ָоʱ򰮵ĸо׷ŮӦ㽻Ҹģ
ҶƵЦ˵á裬ϲָо
ѩ˵áҲϲ
ôѩζôѩĲȣѩΪҶһζˣȻԱ֮ҶѩóһƿƣȻһһϸϸƷţһɣ򿪰һĵƹ⣬ѩԼΪҶ㳪һտָ裬Ҷ㵱ʱҸĶеͷתˣ
ʵʱںĲҪһֵգ˶໹٣ʲôĳϣҪǣʲôճϣҪʲôգʲôſԣҶڵչľͺҶôʱ˿̵ԼҸˣ
ƺһ㣡ҶԼоȻ
ѩҶáС㣬գǣŮǣеһж㣬˵˵ʲôһ㣡ңʲô
˭˵ģڻʮ㣬ȻҪȵɭ˾ʱǲŽˣ
ڣҶ㵱Ȼأ
ҶǺǵЦ˵á裬ҶѾ׼ˣ
ҶѩֽңҵĴϰһװɫеɴζԱһ׺ɫʿ
ѩŴϵɵôˡáС㣬ǡ
裬ҿһ֧𣿡
ҶʿһѩԼ룡


402
ѩǲɵøֳһĨ۵ЦáС㣬ģҵȻԸˣ
ҶǰѩȻھʲôΪڵѾǰĹϵˣѩɬԼ·ǼѩѩӵɣԼ䷲ʹ׵ôѩһȾĵոջ·Ҷ㿴Цѩɵó
ѩЦҶ㣺С㣬Ҵ·ÿأ
ǺÿˣǻɴĻǸжð
ѩЦҶı˵áģһ죬һΪϻɴģ
ǵģôһ죬ʹûУҶҲһҪôһ죬οǲûôһģ𣿡С㣬һΪһױ𣿡
Ҷͷѩһ߽䣡
˵һʵѩڻױҶھĿѩױ
ѩֻʩ֬۶ѣȴѾʮ˼ұ뽿ģ
ӨӨƹ£崿ҵѩԵý绨ȶˣĿ飬Ҷáÿ𣡡
ǣҶû˵ȫѾԴκεĻشˣ
ѩЦٴνĶţһ㡣ֻһ㣬ҶҪεˣǣѩЦȴˡáˣҸͷ
һƿĦ˿ѩԼһЩȻĨҶͷϣϸΪҶţѩַ£ȻһĺˣҶŤͷǾҶ㣬ȻƽʱҶ㲻һ࣡
Ҷ㿴žԼƵʵá裬еС𣿡
ѩҲĬĬվҶԱ߿žҶ㣬˵áǣֻҪ㣬Ǿѩе㣡ʲôӣ㶼ѩӣ
Ҷ۵ҸѯϦһ㣬ˣ
ƹǾĲõģȻ̨ܺȣǴĳ̶ֳ˵Ѿõи̨ζˣ
Ҷѩ˽ʰһ£мĿյʰȻԶľȻվţóͶԷţ
ỺڶƮţһƣ͵ɣǲԾеһڴ˿̼䶼Ȼͬһξ
谵ĵƹ£ɫѩ״ʹôô˶ƹʣرװɫͦ˳ˣƺҲ޳˼֣ҶĲԾĳ嶯Ҷ㻹ǿԿԼǿģ
ЩӵҶȵľǽҹߣҶ֪ڹµǺŮǵģֻˣ˴ԣңң
µǺŮǵȻҶѩ
ĸӵĸӣĸӵ£һԳĸ£
ҶԼ鷢̫˼ˣǾĲ˼ѷᣬ罺ᣬһ»ˣҲһԸõĸӣ
ϵ鱾Īģ֮еȻͻͬһȵҪʱˮеһˣ
Ҷ촽Ŀģ·ǰ⽿˶ܵƵġá裬ǿԿʼ𣿡
ѩͷСһ۾ëţҶеͷĿĸо
ڲԾ䲦ǵģѩģ嶯ȴҲĳ̶ֳϸоһҶѹֵĸоΪͬŮĻǰκ˶Բλ࣬˻䲻ϣŮҲһָоԴĶһŮһּ
ҶֻĵݳѩҲԼ֣ķҶĸоҪҶڻһ㣡һᣬҶס֣Ļģһһ㣡
һֻ֣ҶѩļϣһֻķҶ䣡
Ҷ϶ų۶ҸЦݣ㣬᲻һλأ
ǲ̨ϣûйڣǲҪ̨ҪκεĹڣΪ̨ǲ̫İΪǵĹھԼҪһҶ
ǻ˿ģǻԼĿģÿһ˵̨ΪԼģһжҶͣñ͵ģ
͵ɣỺĽŲҶѩ·ƶһ㣬ԵĽŲƶλζ۾ģһ̷ˮŨŨŷҶΪһ壡
ҶЦ˵á裬ҹҶӣ
ѩ΢Ц˵áС㣬ҹҼ˧ӣ
ѩĴΣĴѤޱȣҶĺԼĴ
ҸͬһΣһΣʱκ˶ľξƵģҶѹסԼ޳嶯ʱĬĬţռǵĽżƶţҹҸ趯䣬ĳȥ
ҹˣǵƺûһҪͣ˼յƣǽˣ
ǻƵͦ
ǻĸӣˣҪһĸӺ𣿡
ѩͷ˵áǣޣȻĸӣ
Ҷ˵áã
ǣ𣿿Ҳ֪
ҶѩĬĬĿɳ˵ϣһһƣƵȻţд컵ѩҹѩҶļϣҸ΢Ц˵áʱΪʲôͲֹͣأ
ֹһεϣʱֹͣǲϵۣ
ֹһεϣһδεʧٵ
ҶѩĬĬĿɳϣԶҸ۵ĻǸжã裬𣿡
Ҷ㲻ۣСһԶۣأ
ѩԼ޳ָҶϻһ£
Ҷ΢Цҡͷ˵á裬ʱˣ
ǱдţʵϣʱĲˣ
ѩĬĬҶĻáС㣬һһȥˣǷܹĻأ
ҶĲŪѩͷá裬С㲻׼˵ôĻ㻹ûкС飬ûиСѺأһֻǸոտʼѣԣ㲻׼˵ֲĻ
ѩЦţȻգգ۾˵áãСģⱲӣҵֻ㣬Ҳֻһ˵Ļ
ѩ˼ҶףҶȫʧȥҶ㣬ζʧȥȫҶԲѩҶֿǱһ
ҹˣһҶǸ˯ˡ
ɭɭ˾ʱſʼ·һ˵С͵
ǣһΣҶ㿪Ŷˡá裬ʱˣǸ׼˯ˣ
˯ʲôҶ㵱Ȼף
ѾˣˣҶѩ-ˣѩӦҶģҲҶһֱڴģ
ǣһΣһһĽϣ
ѩҶĿ㵵ϡáС㣬û㲻롭
Ҷ㲻ɵÿЦá裬ǲҪϴ𣿡
ѩһͬһǿĺһŷཱུС˵áҪҾҪ㻳һúԼҸ
裬ʲôʱҲôˣˣˣ
˵ţҶĬĬѩȴȻڵϣɳϣǿ˵á㱧ң㱧
ѩתͷúһ㲻ӵ鿴Ҷ㣬ǵҶ㲻ɵЦ
ѩĻҶĬĬĸףһ첲ѩĲ˹ȥһ첲ѩ˹ȥѩ˫סҶĲӣȻһѱסѩվ
ѩЦ˵һطȻ·
ŮˣѩôҲһŮˣŮ˾Ͳûйͬģ
ǰѩ붼Ļȴ׾ٵĴĿ˵˳һǶҶ˵ģǰҶǻſԱѩϴ·ģڣѩ׿ô˵оĲ̫һȻҶҲֹһεĸѩ·ˣ
һΣĲһ࣡
Ҷ̫ҸˣŽѩҶĬĬ߽ң
ǺܴĵȴĴҸɾҶ㽫ѩ˴ϣѩЦҶáС㣬Ҹ𣿡
Ҷͷ˵áȻҸˣһҸˣ


403
һΣĲһ࣡
Ҷ̫ҸˣŽѩҶĬĬ߽ң
ǺܴĵȴĴҸɾҶ㽫ѩ˴ϣѩЦҶáС㣬Ҹ𣿡
Ҷͷ˵áȻҸˣһҸˣ
ѩЦҶı˵áҡȻҶƵѩϣѩˮӣѩҲҶ㣬ףһĺ
ҶĺҲʼôأǵĴҲʼԽԽٺɫĵƹѩԽ˼Ĩ欵ԸջҶʼɵü٣ڣҶƬĴѩϸɿڵĴϣ
еһжʼǻĴڻȻǵ촽ģȴڻĵط
ǲģϸµģҶ˱ѩ촽ҺѩĴݼҶҶ˶Ҹιȥˣ
ѩ˫ֲͣҶıصİţҶصĸҲµĺ벻ضУٺɫƹů紺Ũ⣬Ҷѩȵĸ鲻ϵڻУ
þúþãҶĽԼ촽ƿõĳѾȵѪҺȫĳǣҶȴûҪʼ˼ڵȻǿʼʱ
ҶѩüëѩĽëѩգѩ촽˵һ죬ϹˣǲҲ?ѩһסҶı:㲻׼˵ĻѵͿ?Ҷһ㶣ȻɵЦ:Բ𣡡
ѩһЦ˵:֪˾ˣ֪ܸģĪɣڳͷ·Ȼȥϴ裡
Ҷ㵱Ȼ⣬⣬֮ãҶֽѩȻҶĽѩɫĸ߸ЬѩĽţȻѩһЦȻվѩɫȹէȻ䣬ѩϾȻһˮЦһ¶˳
ѩϸƤΣͦظģ߸¡ĶǸ˶Σ޳Բȣȳƣ÷ĵطԲ󣬸ϸĵطϸ£˫ȱֱȻ˫˽ؾ-ֺڡ㸲ţǣѩһģһ㣬װɫ˿ڡ͹Եĸˣ
һģغģػűʵģģص͵ȻҲΪ֣ܶµģؿԷΪʱװģءģءƽģءģ⼸࣬УģصҪߵģԳҪ󲢲ǺܸߣǶҪģضֹ߳ڰٱ
Ƥһã׼̫Ͼã׼а̺ۣ׼̥ǣҪȳƣ޳ǲʧΪºʱװԺܶʱװģ޷ģأܶģҲ޷ʱװģأʱװģҪйǼܣģΧߣģͨעߣΧһģضעصģ
ʱװģҪܳ·ҪҲǺϸģģͨעصƤҪʶȵķƾѩģʱװģأģҲûκε⣡
Ҷ㿴ѩ壬ɵúݺݵڿˮȻЦ˵:ѩĺѽ
ѩһЦ˵:۶ôĺãһ˵?ֻѩôõ壬Ҳֻ?ҶӣЦǺǵ˵:˵ҲǣǺǣһѩҶҲûһʲô̫źˣΪԳƲκεź
ѩЦ˵:Ҹ·ɣ
ѩƨϥһб˴ϣ˳ϸ۵ֱɵɶ춰Ľ⿪Ҷ·ӡ
ѩҶоԼʵһ㣡ɵЦǺǵ˵:ѩСҸѽ
ѩεε˵:ˣҪˣԼ֪ˣ
ҶǺһЦѩܿȥ£
ѩѾݵĽ⿪ҶĿ㵵¿ӵ
ʱҶԼֻʣһڡ㣡ڡм߸ߵһ飬Ƹ߰Σ֮ˣ
ѩ˫ִҶʵţ̵Ц˵:С㣬Һðѽ
˵ţѩնҶؿڣ
İθߣҶ̲סһѱѩһǣǵѩסġЦ
ЦҶҲ̲סЦ:Цʲô?ѩסҶ˵ҶЦ:ֺＱҲ˵?ҷͷŴﵽⶼģҪҾô㻹õźＱ?ȷҶûбҪҶȴ̲סΪѩ̫ˡ
ҶΪʲô˻ݾŮˣҶеѩݣƺѩ
κõݴʶ޷ݵģ
Ѿ޷ˣҶ˵ôҶҶֻܿûȱͲ㣬ʹȱݣǸȱҶҲ
Ҷͷ˿컨˵:о仰˵ɱϴɾٹΣѩҾͰϴɾ˲Ҫ
ĻҶû˵ֻǺٺٵһЦȻһѰѩ첽ĳԡң
ѩҶ㱧ڻʵԼָҶ㣬Ҷ㡰Цͣ
ԡңҶ㰦̾İѩŵԡȻȥ򿪷ˮţѩȴֹҶ:»ûأ
ҶȻһȻѩһЦ̽ǰסѩתһ£⿪ѩ-֣-Ȼ䣬ת
ǶǱԲȻѩ׷ķ嶥㽿޵̺Ҷݺݵ˿ڿˮȻǵҶƲסȥѩǶԳԵ壡ͦθ߰ػһ£ѩӾͲ˹ȥѩ⽿µЦ:
Ҷһȥ:ƫҪ
ҶѸݵеԵԲ鱻ҶɵøоִĸоҶĻŭţ
ѩεεġЦ:ɫǣɫҪ񡭡
ѩѹšԡ۵Ҹİૺͺ
ѩڡ㣬һƬֵһɫݣںڶݷǳйҶ㿴ѩɵЦ˵:ѩëëԽԽÿˣ
ѩҶ˵һȣ̺һƬ˫Σ糱ֻҲͨȵģѩ߳ӣҶ㲻ɵЦ:ѩôˣ
ѩ˵:ɫǣ㡭Ӧʲôѽ
ҶǺǵЦţѩ˵:Ҿϲ㺦ߵӡ
ѩ죬żֽߵӣҶϲָоͥǰûд·Ƶģ
ҶȥѩصĽ۷϶ѩȴֹ:׼ֻ׼һ촽ף׼֣
Ҷһ㶣Ȼ̲סЦ
ѩҲɬЦסҶ˵:Ц׼Ц
ǣҪҶôƵסأ
ˮҶҲĵ׿ȥһϺɫȻѩɵ¶˾ȵı:С㣬ôóôѽ
ΣҶЦˣѩıμҶܲλһ
ʵϣȻǵһμı˭йӴΪѩôһ崿ʹƺһĹϵһǣʵҲŮˣһϺŮˣ
˵ĸ˾̬ģô֪ȫһжǱ̬
аٷ֮ʮ˶ٶһĸģҶѩΪˣûĸĻҶвأοһѩҶǰ׳գҶôҲѰġ״
ҶǰͦͦѩɵԼİȶͦѩĴ²ϵţΪҶһһĳԾţ
ѩֶɵĲ:С㣬ѽ
Ҷ㿩ЦѩҶЦζ䣬ȻȻ֣ĸµ:ЦһֱЦһֱЦ֪֪Цúᣡ
Ҷԡأ¥סѩʪ˵:?ô?ѩҶһ˵:ƤǽƤˣôܸо?ʵϴԧԡһⳣ˼飡رǺԼŮһȵʱرǵ־ϰϴʱرڸ⻬ϸļʱ᳹׵ףԭԼŮϴ裬Ȼһ飡
ҶƵĿѩЦ˵áѩСϴĸоô
ѩ̾˿˵áˣ


404
ʵϴԧԡһⳣ˼飡رǺԼŮһȵʱرǵ־ϰϴʱرڸ⻬ϸļʱ᳹׵ףԭԼŮϴ裬Ȼһ飡
ҶƵĿѩЦ˵áѩСϴĸоô
ѩ̾˿˵áˣ
ҶƵ䣬ȻͻȻѩ̲ס鴤Цֹˣ
ʵҲûʲôϴģÿ춼ϴ裬ֻΪ˽ǸҶҪϴѣ
ԡȻԡڵһ˵ԡȻǴĳ̶ֳ˵еӵģǿ¥ĸһЩˣ
Ҷ§סѩҶĻİҶţһ˳һáС㣬ʵң׼ôԴأˣڿа˸µУҪСĵ㰡
ҲϣиǰΣڣپһ£м䶼ǰȫڡ֪ǰʱ䣬ΪʲôҪʡϴѧôʱ𣿲ΪǼСŮΪҺһߣһ̲סġ
ð⻵ǻˣԭлֻ˼˼һ࣬ȴ滨Ƶء
Ҷ˵ҽҪ
ѩĵ˵
ҶЦ¶ѩһ˵˵˼ɵǸδľͷһáôԴأȻߡղܡˣѩɻûᵽߡĸоأ
ѩɬһЦĴҶϻȥҶӲǿĲλ䵽İ˵áС㣬ô᲻˺ޡ
Ͼѩ̫崿ˣʹ뵽ĶҲ޷ȥȻ˵ĺܺҶ㻹֪ʲô˼ѩһ£Ȼֽ˵áԼ޷ܣҪһ㣬ҪġǸҲϡã
ѩں˵Լ˵Ķ
ѩĻҶǸŵĵطɵһ㣡ʱĺ֣Ҷ㶼оѾ͵˼ޣȴָоȻڲϵָͣоĺ
ҶǺǵЦ˵áȻˣһעġһҪųġ˵еԣ˵ġ
Ҷ§ѩ˵áߣѾܲˣҵѩҵţҲŲҵܵģ
ң
ѩ죬û뵽ѩʱȻҲҶһֱСÿˣû뵽ѩʱҲôĺÿá㰮ң
ҵȻˣҰ㰮أ
Ҷ˵
ƭˣ㰮ҵĻǲǾͿԴӦҶһ£
ѩºһףҶ㵱ʱԥľ˵áҴӦ˵һһټҶ㶼Ӧ
ѩҶҲʹӦˣڿڡЦ˵á˵Ŷ
ıҶϾʶһԵ⣬ǾҶмˣҶ㻹ûпڣѩѾָҶı˵áҪӦҶ㣬ϲҪ-
Ҷ㳹ɵˣʮ֮ҶһӣһڻؾáУӦҵģûǲ˵ˣҵ𣿡
ѩ죬ί˵áҾ֪㲻ң
Ҷε̾˿˵áͲ˵һ𣿷ҲܣӦҶģһҪ
ҶҲ죬Ӱ
ѩһ˵áǺðɣҪӦңֻ׼һ׼κεŮһĽӴ𣿡
ҶĿڡáҡ
ȻŷԼģҶ̾йˣⲻΪҶôǡ
ѩ죬ȡڡĴˮ˵áҾ֪Ҿ֪㲻ңҾ֪ƭҡ
ҶЦ˵á裬ⲻΪôҲҪ˵һҶܼѽ
ѩͷɥ˵á£ҶûʲôҪȥˣ
Ҷ㡰ٺ١һЦ˵áѩ
ҿԴӦ㣬һߡĳˣ˭Ķߣ
ѩɬһЦƲһ˵áҲŲҪߡҲҪȥҵǸϡõģҲҪ
ѩװһʮСŮûʲôѩӣҶ̲סġЦáѩĺÿɰŶ
ѩװһ˵áû˰
Ҷ¥ѩЦ˵áѩ㲻Ҫ˺òãǸϽϴ裬ҵȲˣ
ѩգĴ۾˵á𣿿ôûĸоأ
ѩЦ˵áҲܣ-
ҶѩĴϰţͻȻһӻ˫ȼ䣬ë׵ĸоҶ۵ϸ϶ȴ׵ıҶˣҶָǿ϶ѸٵĴѩĵطѩĽסҶĻг鴤һ£ҶȷҪҵĵĵط֮󣬸ӵ޼ɵ֮ѩĽظӵĳ鴤ѣ˿ЦõͽáС㣬Ҫˡ
Ҷ㿴ű鸴ӵѩסġٺ١Цá˵Ͳ-
ѩЦãΰΰģؾϵЦãʵܲˣһĳ鴤ĿסĵͷӦšáôôѩ˶ģĶģְ
Ҷķ֣ѩĽǵõ˻ָЦſҶ㣬ȻִҶĶͷһ˵áһĻˣ֪֪ոжܣˣҷ㡭ܲѽ
˭˵Ҷ-ˣߣǶ㲻ˣ㲻-Ҿɧ㣬ζҵģ
ѩЦţ̾Ϣ˵áȻ޷ǲȥܰɣڣ仰ϹˣǸô󣬺-ǱǿŹأҲ޷ȻҪȥˣ
ѩĻҶˣҶ㱧ѩ˵áˣϴˣʱˣ׼սٻغϣȡ÷߶ȣ˵òã
ѩĶҶ˵áʲô÷߶ȣ㲻롭ҪҰɣ
գûи˵ˣѩȻҲ˵գ
Ҷûε
ѩվԡ£ȵˮͷ˳ǵӶȥҶоĲˣ
ѩЦ˵áһģǲѽС㣿
Ҷͷ˵áǣ˵ʲôʲô
ѩҶһ˵á˵˽䣬ǲǣ
Ҷͷáǣѩ˵ǣ˽䣡
ѩšҶ˵á˽䣬ϱϱϴ裡
ҶЦ˵áǱϱε
ϴ裬ѩëҶɣȻŲԼ壬ϵˮû֮ѩ˵áУҲ·˵ô죿
Ҷԥı˵áȻҶ㱧ˣ
ѩסҶĲӺǺǵЦ˵áҵСǺǣѩˣ
ҶЦ˵áѩһߡ˵ʱҶң
ѩ¥Ҷ㣬С˰˵á֪ѽСǸֳִִ֣ģС㣬һҪ㣬˼һڼ䲻̫֪𣿡
Ҷͷ˵áҶ֪һģһ㰮ϸߡĸоģ
ѩ¥ҶĲӣҶ˵áҾ֪ˣҵСԹԣҵСˣҪѩѩǧҪѩŪˣҪѩŪˣ֪𣿡
ҶȻ䷢֣Ůĺ֣ڵѩһԭѩζֱһһƬհ׵ĳմɵãʵڴĿԣɰĿѽͯЩëӶ˭ɰˣ
ѩȴҶ㰮ѣҶһߵͷһֵĴţȻǾͽңٺɫĵƹ̾ͽ֮ձ
ѩȵٺɫĵƹӵĳഺϢѩ׵ƤҲ΢΢ķٺɫĹΣ۵ͷӵ˴ѣ
Ҷ̲סſˮԡҶ𽥽Ϩ𣬴˿̵ҶֿʼסȶǸĵطҲʼѪͣڽ׳ĹСͬһֱ˳һֻ׶ͻһ㣡
һ˱֮ѩȫȣһĻ֭ҶĿޱȵɣˬڣҺ¾õѾ޷֮ȣ
еҶ㵱Ȼһֱ˱ȥΪҶҪĸѩΪһĶ࣬ȣѩѾ޷ԼǿҵˣҶôͣȥҲʧȥκε壡Ҷ㷭˸ȥȻĶѩЦ˵áѩҪ
ѩҶĻɵһ㶣ȻľȻĿҶ㣬ɻ
Ҷ㵱ʱһ㶣ȻˣѩҪʲôԣҶָָֻԼĳطȻͷѩȻҶ˼ʲôˣ
ԣʱ̲ס˫һȣηȻ䶯η˵áǰɣôϲһأ
Ҷ㡰ٺ١Ц˵áû취ҾҪҸŪˣҲŪ
ѩߵİҶһ˵ʲôֲҶŪѽԼԸģһŪ˼ôˡ
ҶȻٺ١Цţѩ˵áѩҿҶ۾ƵġáѽǺ
Ȼѩô˵ȻҶֿ˫ȼȻץסֽҵͷŪһߣѹ£ȻŴ콫Ҷǹһҧסˣ
˵ҧȴҧֻҧݣԼ촽
ĺôѩ˫գȻͷͣԼתţ޵ĿռﵱȻͻ᲻ͣĽӴţһɹޱȵĵҶĳλСȻСֱɢҶȫ
ĿҶסķˡء
ѩεεЦţҶ˵áǸӣöѽ
ҶǺǵЦţ˵áѩĺˬѽ
ѩȴ˵áˬˣȴһҲˬ
ҶЦѩ˵ô仰Ȼٴοʼʱһˣտʼֻ캬סͷòͣĴתķʽţڵѩȴ£оӵĴ̰
ѩС챾ͲȥģȻѩѾܵĽԼŴˣʱʱĻǱѩݸʹ
ѩϸĺỹҶֻܵд̼ͿУʶһµʹ൱Ȼ޷ģ
ԼĪӣҶƲסָסѩԴжҶ֣ԽĺüζסѩĺѩܣѩڷáС㣬̫ˣҺʹ֪ҲӦˣ
ѩǿҵķӦҶϽɥ˵áԲҲǹġҵʱҲƲסԼˣԡԾ͡
ѩ˼˵áˣҪ˵ˣٳһ˰ɣ
Ҷͷѩͷ
ҹ˾ֻҶѩĴϽҶܾõ飡
ٺɫĵƹ⣬Ȼŵɵ͵͵ĴѩĶҶҶ˷ܣҶղܣ
ӿĿҶǣҶ޷ˣѩÿһֻҶǿңּһѩʵáС㣬𣿡
Ҷĵͷ˵áѩȥ
ѩ˵ͷȻһͷźã˴ͷϣԼ˫ȷֿȻĸҶ˵С㣬Ǹ̫ˣһҪᣬҪ㣬֪𣿲ҪŪ֪𣿡
Ҷͷ˵á֪İɣһģ
ǣҶѩ˫ȼ䣬һַסѩļȥ˱סѩ촽һַסǿΰλ̽ѩ΢΢ؾ
ȻҺ󣬵ѩϾóʱûܵʱرĽҶܼѵƽѩȻʹ࣬ǽ˷ܺͽĿлǴ൱ĳ̶ϵʹģѩסĺߺΪʹǿУҶԼ֪֮˲֤ҶĽԷǶôǿңոճΪһ壬жģǱϾоˣȻܽܣŶԣǷǳĽܣŮ˵ֳһֿġ㲿ĳ̶ֳҶ㲻ҪȵʲôֻҪͿԣ
Ҷ㾡ܵᣬܵİԼĶŵỺˣҶֲŪѩ壬˫˱ѩ촽ҶỺѩӦģ
ʮӵ࣬ѩӦҶĴִǿ׳еʧأʼеԵӭˣѩ˵ķӦҶĻŭţڷſԼѹ֣ȻʼʽĽ״̬죬ᵽ񣡵ȻҶһʼͿ컹ǲܵģ
ѩȲֵķӦӭҶ㣡ҹǸԽԷȣ糱ҶѩӵʱŮ£ʱŮϣʱ౧ʱŮǰкָ֮ѩ׵ᵽ԰Ȥ
һСʱҵ໥е֣Ҷѩ˶Ѿ㺹졢ţˣѩҶ㳩Ҷоʮֵο
ϣϣǵϣˣǵ۵İҺҶ㱻ѩԼطܵİţоȫģ󻬵ĽܸоҶ㳹׵ҵһʺԼġѣ
Ҷײ˵ľʶ
ѩĽҶоԼĸǶôмֵ壬ÿһεƺԻѩ鲻ԽһÿһġҲҶÿһļֵ
С㣬̲סˣҪˡͣҪˡ
ҶԼʱҶҲ֪Լ˶ãҶ֪ԼҲҪƲסˣץѩ˫ȲϵͦҶ㿪ʼþҶ裡žߴžߴײѩ
ƺÿһ-ĳ涼Ӧģ
Ҷ֪ѩƲסˣҶҲƲסˣҶоѩİԽԽסҶĿҶ㽥ĿʼʧأѩǿҵĿժԤϵʲôҶԼʧҶҲоʲô
ԵıɽƵģŷĹҽǹͬʱӵһ׼ȷѩ﷢ײ
ѩġҶġͬʱ˸Եô׼ʱĸߡȻôǷǹ֮ͬʱ˶Աһ
ôҶλüĸߡľѩһ
Ƕ˶ƣˣһĸоҶ˫һɣȻ֫ɢҶѩϲסĴϢѩͬĶϢáѩоô
ã̫ˬ̫̼ˣС㣬İˣ󣬺ãýѽҸоԼһֽʧصĸо̫̫ˣϲָоϲ񡭡
ѩϢ״ε˵
ҶǺǵЦ˵áѩԺҪҪС-
ѩ˵áϲҲϲҵȻҪС-ˣ
ҶǺǵЦ˵áѩСϲ--ˬС˷ܺҸ㣡
ѩ§Ҷ㣬úˮʪޱȽܡáС㣬Ժÿζһߡòã
ҶĻش˵áã
ѩ۵ЦáС㣬ĺðѽҶĺùԹԣҵĺϹѩİˣ
Ҷ˵á˵ĻͲܸߡˣ
ѩҶ˵áҲŲҪأҪţһֱһֱôᣬ-춼ߡòã
Ҷ˵áã
˵áǣôأ
Ҷֿסߡƣ˵áѩ̫ˣ˯ˣ˯òã
ѩƵ˵:ãǸոˣϴſ˯У㿴Ǵʲôˣǲһ´ͱ?ҡ
Ҷ˵ܾɣ
ʲô?ռҾͲҵĻ?ҶЦ˵:ûУ㻰ãϴ裬Ȼ󻻴
ѩЦ˵:⻹࡭Ͻ
һ
ѩȻһЦȻҶĶͷһ˵:ͷˣڸ˰?ѩôһ˵Ҷ㲻һ:⣬ʲôѽ?ѩ˵:㲻һֱ-?ڣ㲻-㻹棬˵㻹ʲô?ҶǺǵЦţЦúҸ:ʲôģҵȷǺ-ˣһĹ?ҪѩԺÿ춼-ſԣ
ѩе㻨ʧɫĸо:ʲô?ÿ춼?㡭ҪҲ̫˰ɣ?Ǹֳִִҡܵ?οôҡҲУÿ춼ǲÿ㡭㡭ҿ϶Ͳ´·ˣ
ѩ˵ҲģҶ˲ɵø¸´Ц:˵ľҲ̫˰?ҶҲҲ´·ѽ˵ĸƵĵģҡҶеˣ
ƬƬ̺ѩգشͷ˵:ôͲܣʱܣҲ-ҾʱӦÿ춼-ҾǲӦ
֮ѩĸߡĺңѩϵҲҶܲϲ?ҶƵĶѩ˵:ң೤ʱҶһΰӦң
ѩͷ˰˵:Ҫ˵Ļһ°ɣһһΣ˵ò?Ҷ֮һʧ:ʲô?һһΣ㡭ʱδҲ̫˰ɣһһΣҡҽܲˣңҲܲˣ
ѩ˵:Ǿ͸£ҿԽܣˣ
Ҷ˵:аɣҲ̫ˣҡҾٲһںҶ-Σѽ
ѩ۵ɵԲԲģСҲŵõԲԲ:ʲô?һھ?С㣬뺦ѽ˼ҿǻڼ䰢вУԲУҪĻҿһζˣһΣҡҽܲˣ
һΣƽһĸڣҲͰ˴Σʮ˴ΣһΣѩܲ?ҶûɵĿⶢѩ˵ĸ㲻ѽ㵽ǲǸŮѽȻǻڣһΣ㻹Ӵ?Ǳ˵ĻͲÿΰأ
ѩҶһ˵:ңҲһεģ
Ҷ̾˿˵:һһΰɣҶòˣ㲻׼˵ˣ˵еĻҶǿһΣ
ѩȻ:ȻУһһΣ̫ˡ
ʲô?ҶһǳԵĲСѽѵ-ֻһˬ?㲻ˬ?ոӣˬѽ?ѩֱ׼˵:Ȼ˵ˬˣˬˬν㵹ã˱˻ԣȻһھͺҶ-һΣ˵ܴӦ?ҶЦ:˵ô?ѩ˵:һΣ
УһһΣ
£
һڣ
£
һڣ
£
һڣ
һҶһţ
Ҷ̲סٴϺݺݵһ˵:ãֹͣ
ѩһ㶣Ҷ㣬ҶҲ˵:ÿ໥һ㿴ô?ʮ죬ÿʮһΰ
ѩĬ˰죬Ȼ֣صĵͷ˵:  ðɣʮ죬ҶҲˬߡܴ̼ķϣʮһΣ
Ҷ˿˵:ˣΪ˺һ-ʱ䣬Ҷ㶼۸ˣ
ѩһЦ˵ҲŲأ㲻-ĻҲͲ?ҶεЦЦ˵:ˣŮһֻĶʱʱµõģתۼѩˣѧƽϲģŮѽŮˣΪʲôʱôͷأ
ѩ´ҶһۣȻǺǵЦ˵:ͲҪ۰̾ˣ㣬ʵˣ?Ҷ㿴ѩǸطҶɫҺ壬ɵùЦ:ǰɣ
ѩԼ嵱ȻҲиоͷһһȣȻɬĵҶһۣݺݵ:Цƨѽ?ɵĺ£
ѩһֽһ£Ȼ̷´˵:ߣϴһȥ
ҡ
㲻׼˵ϴϴҲϴ
Ϊʲôѽ
Ϊҵ
?


405 ѩҶ㣬ͯ1
С㣬ˣ
峿ŶӦˣѩƿӣҶЦǺǵĽţһ߽Уһ߻ֹ˵:һ˰ɣ˰?ʲôõˣŪġǸطоô㵹ã˯ô㣬ﻹ͵Ц?ߣ̫ƽˣ
ȷҶζɾʱҸ۵ģܾԼ񳹵׵ƽ˹ʻƵģҶƵķ˸ȻһѽӴѩ۾Ժ˵:裬Ҫ֣˯һ?˯һ?˯ѽ?Ҷ˱㻹?ѽ
Ҷ۾Ц˵:裬ֲǲ֪£϶ܣԣ۵Ǹ˵Ȼˣ˵ܲ?ѩоίƵ:ʲô?˵ʲô?㡭Ȼ˵?һ̫ɺ?֪֪
ѩڸо߷߲ƽأͻȻҶһס־ͽһѳ˴ȻҶһñסѩԼ촽ס촽Ȼƴ˱ţ
ѩ˵ƲסľҵĴϢţȻķʱ˵ʱǿҵģȻҶո촽ܸɣѩˣʰңϴ裬ˢѾʱ緹ˣȻ촽һҲɣ˲ʪʪģɿڣԣһƷ˵ҺӦûмҪɣѩķ޼£ҲҲͲ뷴ҲֻӶѣϾѾûкñܻˣķҲֻʱŮԵҶʶҶ˱ǽĳѩĺҲʼأҲʼȣҶѾѩ˿˯µĴӣԷǳѸѩ˯ȥѩͦԲ˫壡СɵѾӲͦͬ߰ǿ˫̥
ҶӵĴСӵҶȫĳӲ֯ȵĲλΪѪԵʣﵽ˲׳ĵزѾʼ˷ŭСţ
ѩʱķԵĽİַŽҶϣȻþеһƣȻǡһšͨһȻһ
Ҷ˴һ˴ףѩ˸߷ߵĵҶ㣬һԼҵͷһ˵:Ƕħ߰˴λû湻?ҶܵԩƵģڱͷ컨壬һ޹Ӵ˵:찡ذұ𶼻ԩѽɣѽҪΪҶ֤ѽʵǹʵĺĳЩ-ĳЩŮ˵Ŀ֣Ȼ˵棬?ѽĳЩ˵ļֱùѽ
ѩҶӣ̽סġЦЦҶҶ֣ʳָָҶ˵:ԣ˵ˣҵľʱùˣֻĹԵġ
ѩ˫һĴ˵:ҵĳˣҲˣͷû£
ҲڴһɣȻѧҶոյӣ˫˵:찡ذ˵Ҷôô?ΪʲôҪôҶ㣡˵˵
ܸܲҶ?;Ϊʲô?˵˵ţѩͳ
ҶǸᣬȻȻҲⱻѾȫӴ̵ˣֻѩ¶˴ſˮȻҶͬһֻƵģȥûзѩ̾Ҷѹסˣ
ѩҶ㡰ٺ١ն⫵Цݣʱ̾ͻʧɫĺ:ѽѽɫǣɫҪǿ顣
Ļû˵ȻҶ촽ˣӣѩ˵˵ϻˣֻٺ﷢ءҶֱӴѩԲʵĳԵĴϰܿģһƬƬë޵ʪؽؾҶˣ
Ҷɿѩ㻬񴽣Ŀѩˮɫɵ۾˵:ʪ?ѩ۵ѸٵľͷһĨ̺죬ߴӿɰ:
ѩҪģ?ҶգԼ۾Լ˼ǿӵѩͷϣҲĸϵǿҷӦϵţ
ѩҶһ˵:ߣҿҪ?ҶаЦȻ:˵ˣѾҵ˶ˣʱҪʮһΣȵĵȴȲ㿴ھ͡
Ҷ촽ѩ촽ȥ
㣬ǺøѩͻȻͬһֻһѵ˯´Ҷ»˳ȥҶ촽ôȻ˴ϣ
ҶЦѣȻһͷͿѩϾվҵſڵЦ:СɫǣҪΪҶʱ۸ģҲŲЩë?ҪҪҪҲ㣡Ҷ?Ҿ͵θڣһֻ˶Բ׵õĶŻϧ
ҶЦ˵:Ҷ㲻ϧ?ѩһƲͷ˵:֪ڵõ˵ͱˣ㻹Ȥ𣬲ĸȤ֮ҿҾԽҪθڣǺǣ˵ģ˭ôں㣬ԣҪʲôҾʲôұθڣ˶ԵòŮԶǻἫ߰µģôȻе˽ұϾǸŮѽܲԼõĴ㡣
Ҷ㿴ѩƵָ˵:ô˵ǲ׼Ϲ-?ѩЦţֱҡţŮķ緶Уûд·ĸо䣬˸ӳ˵:˵ˣҾ׵óѵģҲܲΪԼ룡
ҶӣȴԼʱģû·?Ҷ㡰ٺ١Ц˵:ô˵׼ƲԳԷ?ѩ⳯Ҷ˵:ǰɣҲһˣ
Ҷ㿴żζѩĳ嶯ȻӵĴˣҶ㡰ٺ١ЦţȻſ˫۾ѩȥҶ˹ȥ顱һײˣѩųңҶЦȻ˵:ܵ˺ܲģҽ졭
Ҷ͵һҵţȴһӾȻֻѩվڿһҶžǡꡱһѩֿѽ
Ҷ㵱ʱ˰죬ȻѩǡꡱһҶŻȻ򣡡ԭʱԤıѽ㿴Ҳʰ㣡
˵ţҶצѩȥ
ĵطҲô࣬οڿѾ˷ˣѩܵĵطûж٣Ҷ׷ЦţжôҸˣѩۣҶܶ§סͬһĻ˳ȥǴӿ׷ִӳ׷䣬ܻңȻ׷Ҷ׷ѩɳϣѩҶסҶ㶶ڿԴˣ
ҶҲ۵ĹǺʱģ
Ҷ㿴Ҷ㣬Ȼ󶼲ԾĺǺǵЦ
ʱۣԼϲһʱĹ£ÿ˵һС˵ֻҪȥдƽεεĵҲԻôζ
Ҷѩ:裬ĺѽ
ѩ˵ֻǵ촽Цţ
ȻҶı齥 ҶĴҲʼŹȵϢϢѩգҶ㸩ףѩǣѩĺɫĽëͬСһĺţʱԼС죡
Ҷ촽ԽԽǿѩǿɰı飬촽ճһʱҶȴ̲סġЦ
ѩҶЦȻȻ۾һƬߺ죬ӵȻƴԼ۵ȭͷĴҶ:Ǹħˣ۸ѩߣˣԺҲҪˣ
˵꣬ѩͽ´ŭľҪ뿪ҶĻҶ㵱Ȼ׼ˣһ§סȻ۵ѹɳϣҶЦ˵:Ҫ棬һҿ϶棡
ѩ˲һȻ˵:ţҲŲħء
ҶЦݣȻ˵:ҪңԲ?ѩһȻ˵:ðɣҾһΣ
ҶǺһЦȻѩ۵˵:ŶҵĺùԹԣ


406  ѩҶ㣬ͯ2
ѩ۾ĺɫëѩոҶȻЦ˵:ҵµһŮ
ѩû˵ֻǵȳҶǻȵǣ
ҶҲĬĬı۾촽һѩǽ۵촽籡Ҷ㽥ĳԣС佥ȴֿʼȼҶĵֿʼþҶ촽ѩĴʱȻ󡰶塱һҶһԻȻ۾ɻĶŶԷƺʣʱʲô?ѩҶһ˵:ʲô?Ҳ֪
ҶƵķ:ģ˭?ҶʴѩȥţǸոûмȻѩס:ʲô?Ҷ˵:Ȼǿǿ˭?Ȼô?ѩָָҶϰͦصĲλ˵:ȥҶ㲻ɵõͷһȻ̲סĿЦҶһ˵һ£
Ȼѩͬһѷһĳң
Ҷ㴩˼˯¿ţΣ˭֮;ȻǴܿ
ܿҶø:̣㡭ô?ѧԺæˣ
ܿһЦ˵Ҳ?ǲǲӭѽ?Ҷ㲻˼ЦЦ˵:ûУȻӭˣô᲻ӭأ
ܿһţһӣȻ˷ܵĽе:ѽ
ʱѩҲպôܿɵñþн:㣬ѽ?ܿЦ˵:ѼʰûУûʲôҪæĵط
ҶЦ˵:ҪæĻȻȥҲòŴɣһ˯ûأ
ܿȻҲЦ˵:?ȻҲ֪ˣΪʲô?ʵ˵϶ʲô?֪иΣյġ
Ҷѩ˵̾Ͷ˹ΣȻĺ޲طȥ
裬㲻ҽǡʲôûУҡҶû˯һ𣡡
ܿôɣҶҶûнŵıҪôһ룬ҲҲЦ˵:ⲻɣѾܲڽ֮ɣ
ѩնһȣҶһۣȻǰܿںһλ˵:㣬Ҹʢȥ
ѩת˳ܿЦǺǵĿҶ㣬ȻҶ㣺ʵ˵
Ҷ죬ĸɿȻ˵:̣ԻңǾԲԻã֪?ܿҶΪϺһһģȻݺݵĵҶһۣЦ˵:㲻˵ˣһ֪ء
һѩͶһӳɫ̺ģղҶ˵ûƵİ׷ŵܿǰ˵:㣬ģ
Ȼתγ룬Ҷһһ룡ȻǾʽĿˣϯһʲôûеĻҲ̫û˼ˣ
ѩҶһŵҶҶ㿴Ƕüɸеʵ:⡭ʲô?ѩû̧ͷֻǺݺݵĵҶһ˵:ĵãĵãĵÿԲԵģ
ҡ
Ҷ㲻ɵ÷:?ܿҲѩɵõɴ۾:?ѩĽޱȣо޵һͷ̧ͷҶ㣬һһڵİǷܿѩߺµӣЦ:ţǵģĵֳøӡзḻпԪؼסơʵʡȶάءζ̣΢ǱɬЧӳʳĵÿԹܼӵžͷнϺõЧȷʵ
ȻܿҶ㣬סЦЦҶҲ˼ĵͷƵĿĵ÷ܿ˵:ѽ㲻ҪԣһҪԣ
˵ţҲҶ˲٣ҡҶȻ˼ӶҶˣ
ܿ˵:һ£Ǽˣһ
ܿʼһһָ֮Ц𣺡һʮоŸ˶ǲĺöоȻǲҩѩǸĺѽ
ѩߵ޵ݣȻվ˵:ҳԱˣ
ȻͿ첽ĵػ˷Ҷβѵܿ
ܿѩı ǺǵЦͣȻҶ㼷üŪۣ
Ҷһʱܿ˼ʱܿĵ绰ǾѧԺĵ绰ѽ˵绰ӹ绰֮վ˵:£ˣϿ԰ɣֶӦþԲŶԣĵá׺ס⡢⡢²衭ˣҾͲ˵ˣѩӦñһտ治
̣㲻Ҫߡ
Ҷһѽ뿪ܿס
ܿʣʲôһҪϻȥѧԺء
Ҷ§סܿһЦܿͼСҿûѩģǻô࣬Ҫַ
ҶЦΪ֪ǻкడҲҪúøлҵĴ̡
Ҷ˵ţ־쵽Ĵϡ
ܿŵĲ£ҶֽʵظסǽޱȵѩȹکҶָܿȸȵСϣһ㱡ڿסһ˷ؽء
ܿǴƵĻ۽Ѹһ˿˵ߺ졣
Ҷ㲻һѸٵһӣܿǰ˫ܿǽȵȹ𣬷ȥĿѣԡԲ󡢾Өѩ׵Ĵȸ¶
ֻһСɽ׵˿ڿסǸ߸¡СʥĽأڰ͸ڿ£ԼԼһŵڵġݡҶһָṴסڿıԵѸٶȥܿǿУֻɫ˴ɫʱ¶š컴է֩ƽ۵Сѩ׵ý͸һֽޱȡ֬СС¶һϸ˾ëէ֣ѩ׵ĴȸסëµĴɫ
Ҷ㡢ɫԵضԼܿϲߺּ֣֪Ǻá
ҶѸٵ¿ӣװҲѣͳ޴Ĵͬѹȥ
ԥòĻ飬ҶһѹʱϢֹһ˫ͦ鱻Ҷصѹסٵͣͬʱоһȹ̵ӲضСϡ
ܿŵá𩩩𩩩ſҩȫŤţҶѹҶʥش
ҶؿѸٵһְֻס̵ϥǿзֿ˫ȡ
ЩС㣬ЩʱٸвУ
аộҵȲˣ˭Լأ
ҶѸٵһֻϥǿвܿȷУֺ£˫ȣҶ˳һѹѶܿġ
һòʦܿҶѹԽԽСÿڿѻ䵽Ľϡ
һŤŽһһ˫ѩ׿ɰСҴҶļ⻹ò׿ҶġõҶ㲻Щִǹǰһơһƺߣܿҧü΢壬ʹؽգԭҶ롣УҶǾ޴۽ӴĹͷǿǿǼġȻڡûκηǿӲس̽ȥҶܿĻһֻʹȫ
ҶһĥĸоһͷܿߣаҧżǾӨ۵Ķạ́Ѿˣҷſ㣬ǶѾˣĺˣһЩŪã֤˺ǱϾҵı٩٩ܿգü壬ݰҧǾ޴лǬɬĻеĳ鶯أеһֻڼһƬļϣҶذ˿ϸ۽ѩܿɢҳһڵһƬҫ۵ѩ׽ḧũҶĴֲڣѩϸ۩ǿҵĴϸ֮ĸоҶԺҲɱش̷ġʱòܿоҶ»ȥکȻĿҶɫԵ۾ͼԼֹҶ㣬ҶԼķŭͱӡǣҶɫԵȱ˵£ԼԽԽңرҶ𽥽ӽ¡ͦ͹ʱ
Ҷע£ֻܿکҶڴḧѩʥʵİ驩أܿڻвԽһԭһֻỬޱȵѱҶһסšɵľɫܿǱ԰ѩĽϲѸһĨ˵κ졣
Ҷһֻ֣һౡָסһֻͦ飬ҶũƼ䴫һͦʵޱȶֳԵУѪš
Ҷ㿴ܿϣһĨ˵κܵ޶˵ľɫϣҶ㲻ɵɫһҶָ£ָḧܿǰͦ嶥ȦḧѹҵһСͦͻ֮ۡͷҶָؼסܿǽСͷмɵһꡢ
ܿǴеشϴĸоŪû类ɡһ뵽Լƽһ˶˼ÿᴥĽСͷһİֶĵ꣬ĲָеɬֵĪĴ̼
ҶһܿǽСͷһڵ鶯ޱȻĴ̵ĨɬκܵĶҶȻ֪ʲʱҶеļѱȣĺϢѽϢ֮
Ҷ˵ǣǽŴĽСѲǬɬڵĳ鶯Ѳѡ
ҶظܿĶа˵á٩٩̩Ѿʪˣ٩٩ܿŵľɫ̶ʱߵøˣ۾ӨСҲһƬ糺졣߷ߵغá㩩˵㡢޳ܩܿòȷֶĪѿʵ
ҪȻΪʲᡰڵĳ鶯еʹú͡óʵԼҶǸĴ׳Ӳ˶̩ҶҲ춷Ҷֻǡٺ١Цţɿ֣ҶܿĽϲҶָܿޱȵһϸëУ̽ѰũܿطǵشСС֣ëḧܿǱݰСǽҧŵģʱǺһ㴽֣Ϣ
춣Ҷָë£ʪϪϷһҵһޱȵ̺١Ůֵ١
ũܿһ˵ĽߡԭҶָᰴסǺεĽ٣һŪꩩܿǿҵĴ̼𺶵ͷ鲻Խнַ߳ߺ֣ɫΡ
ҶамɵŪͦ£ܿŮеĽرҶͬʱòˮıǲɵ÷һԡ鲻ԽĲ
ͷҶָסࡢꩩʥһִ쳣ڳ鶯ĪҲpģҶָ£һԼҲ֪ġСⶹҶ£ȫ壬Ժһ֡泩˵ĿСƮƮɣִ˲ƣʱ˿̣оһȫµĴ̼ҲһָʴǡĿ̹ĵĿС
ǿĿд̼£ܿԺһƬհףŮĳζһpŴ̼˼Ϣֹѣ⣬Ҳ벻ʲǿŭȥˡ
ɫ޹ǡҶһԡƾε΢ź类ɰһѩ׿ɰСʮ޳ϸָΰץɳƤϣ۵㽿ѩ׵ֱϼ˿ɫСָĪ֡
ܿκ죬ü壬㴽΢֣ϣһ˵ʹ໹õ˽ֻ̬糺죬Ϣ㷢㺹΢ֻܿоԼԽԽʪɵľɫɬֶ޿κΣĻɫΣߺޡ
ʱܿҶһָϪȥһֱҶ֮Ľϴڣʪĵط
Ҷؿɫľɫһ˵ߡǧĵ̬ɵȫѪţҶ̲סʼΪɵľɫȹ½ˡҶ֪ʱѾٷˣҪҲֹҶģΪҶѾɹشݻǸ߰ģѾ൱ĳ̶ĿкҪ
Ҷһšһŵؽ⿪ܿµť۩һҶͽťȫ⿪δɫ˵ĹУҶִܿխг鶯ũҶҿܿĳ£һƬѣĿѩУһɫ˿סĽ˫Ҷǰ͸˿ֵ̺죬ܿͦ·һ˫£һƬѣҫ۵ѩ񼡣һʰС
ҶȲػȵظ˿ѩϣҶ㰮ֵظߡҶȫǽޱȡỬϡеϸʸˣҶɷ㼡ѩɢĵŮ֮С
Ҷ§סܿ磬α޹ǵĻ̌ܿ֡Уһֻһ˳Ҷ㽫ǽ̧𣬴۾غţߺСһҲҶ
֪ζҶǻ˵ĴϸỬϵİԼҶǴ׳Ӳĳ鶯멩Ѿ棬˿̹ġл֪
أܿеؿһһ΢ֻԼǱһԿɰ鷿ѾΧΡΡص֣ͦԭҶѾԴֱһѽܿСÿɰİɫ˿ֳ¡ɫɰĴܿʱߺһƬϽϿɰĴ۾Ľޣ֪롣
ֻǰҫ۵ѩУһԷӯͦԲĻٰ㺬էٰ֣ģһԽС硢Өɰ̺׵ͷӡߴؽҶͦšһԽСɰͷһΡĶ˵Ļߴڴſ˵߻Ϸ
ҶֱǰĴɫˣҶû뵽ǧġԼľɫ̼зǧĵĳУһ˼ŮĽ˵İ顣ҶһֻֻٳĶˡ١ҶĴܿѾʼûȡȻС֡խ쳣г鶯š
ҶһǺӡߴͷСɰ̺ͷһ΢΢ҶͦҶʱ鲻ֵһסޱȡӯӯһյ飬һаֵꡢĦ
Ҷһֻֻ񫣬ֳһֻһ˫סһϲ˵ļͦ飬һаȵ󡢸ꩩ̱ܿɳαϣɬΪζǷͦϴһ泩ҶǾ޴ĳ鶯˾ΰpУɫΣߺޡ
㴽΢΢ϣؼٵغšҶָסСɰߴͷꡢʱܿü΢塢ϡҧҶаŪ̼εС̲ס߳áũũũũũʱҶ㣬ſǧĵľɫӺ䣬ʱ֣һһйעæҶ㲻ɵü鶯ǱСխ쳣ڽסΪҶ㷢˵Ȼ˷󻬣ûиտʼ鶯ʱѣ֪ʲʱǻʪ妡ڽʼн
ҶԽԽصܿխСڳ鶯룬СխҲԽԽȹ̡ʪ֣ۻڴ׳ĴķĦ£ؿʼн֡ޱȵĤȵؽڳ鶯Ĵ׳ϡ
ҶԽԽصĳ壬Ҳܿǰˡ϶ĽԽԽԽԽ١áũũũũũũũũܿȫسǲӿУ֪Լʱѿʼ޲ԽԽԽԽˣֻڣü壬ӣ΢ŵؽһࡢʹ泩˽̬
ҶƣҶʱѳˣֻҶһܿխޱȵĻݺһеòܿҶһֺ͵һֻоҶǾ޴ӲسڵļҶ˶󡢻ȹ̵ĹͷѸٵ֡Ľڴŵġоһˡ
ֻܿˡ޹ǵѩһŵɶֻоҶ޴ĹͷԼġоһʪֵġˡһƶԵľΡ鴤ȻѸٵءȫǡ
ֻҵ͵ץסҶո˳ƨɣѩ׷۵ĿɰСʮָƵץҶ㼡ʮѩ͸޳ָҶڵƨγʮҫĿĶԱȡò˵ľɫһ˫޳ԲĽȸһνסҶ˫ȡ
ҶֲֵصͷһֻǧĵľɫǽѩƽС΢΢͹һ󼱴ٵɶ鴤ܿѩƽСһһĿҲУֻʪޱȵ̺У鶯΢ŵķཱུ̺ġСסһ޹ɵɶйһճӨŮҺʪҺ΢ֵ̺񹵣˳ġϪȥҶ㼱æܿССİɫڿ㣬ǹİҺסȻ˳ֽڿܿʪĨãܿ죬Сÿɰѩڿʪˡ
ҡеòֻܿһȵĿڵؾпйɬشֻоҶҵԼССڿΪԼãֻμɫΡ糺죬Ҳֲи߳ź컹ǽ޵ߺ졣
ߺѿľĬУһɸĿ顢德εֹϢִǾ޴ո˳одȫܿҶſĶĴ۾ΡưԹԼѩ׵ϼˡ
Ҷ̧ͷˮĶ˵ߵҶ㣬ԹҶʱ򡰳ֽߵҶ㡰λҶѸٽССĽڿڱǰһᣬ˵áũ㣡
̶ܿʱߺ㣬ظϿĶ˵Ĵ۾Ľǧ糺죬ɫ
Ҷ˵ạ́ţϾҶһťһֻԵƤɳм俿£ܿŵǸαŵܿ档ԭŵĳھͳһޱȵĴ󴲡
ʱľɫ̻ûĿѹֻpؼٵţһǧ˳ѩĳ˷
ҶѸٵȫȥѵܿĸ߸Ь⿪ȹȹܿĺĬưУҶΪʱѱǧ˳ľɫ˿½ȹФƬ̣ɵľɫѱҶѵһ˿ҡ
ʱܿ¶һ֬޹ǡޱȵѩ塣ҶѸٵȥѹܿޱѩ壬ֿ޳ȣǰͳùͷסʪڣҶָܿۻʪĴͷһͦǧĵ˽ߵظоһִӲĹͷ׽Сխڡ
Ҷԥܿͦɵһؽ䡣
ݷú¶һܿһ˿ҡѩ׵Ҷһ䶯̷Ľߵط֣ɵεġɻɡݷֱôһȦӳʵС
ԽءӶֱܵ΢ȣڵԼСġŻݾڶǾɵεġߡʾӭš롣ĶˮĴ۾򳵶ߵšڵ䶯롣
ҶʱѾչܹҶͷסһޱȡߴӲͦĽСɰͷ˱ҶһָֻסһֻŭŰʡΡΡͦĽ驩ָסͬѪ̺ɰĽСͷһ
ͬʱҶһֻֻܿѩ״ȼ䣬Ѱ̽أϸëУ΢͹£ҵѾѪޱȵĽС٣һָ̽ʪ妵񹵣סͬѪָһѹŪ
ҶǲܿСеľްҲʼȻ͵һͦһͣȫ멩ª׺ľ޴ʼǧĵľɫ쳣Сխݲ塣
ũũũũũҶദĿϮ£ҶŪò̼ȫܿġʥءֱ롱һŮʥֵܿɵð䡢𽡣
ް͵ܿխСнǿĦڱڵ⣬ȵڱڴ̼һɶӼн롢ľްޱȡֵĤҲ̼ڴ׳Ӳľްϡ
ֻ̻ܿһ˵˴鸡˵ĿڽǡüԡҶǳŨëĴ׳ĴȸܿСײážž
졣ʱܿκ죬Ľӣӣ΢΢ϣתܿһ˫ź۲Ťѩ׿ɰһ˫־νա
춴׳˶ܿСеڵǿҼΡĦһ˫ϸ޳ѩȱܵʱ΢̧ʱ٣ʼղ˼Ҷȥֻм̵ز䶯š
ܿһһ˿ҡ۵޹ǵѩҶ׳ʵ£Ҷ׺ݴֱĳ鶯Ե䶯šݱҷӦŴƵغ䣬Ҷӿ͵ԡɵľɫǳһ˿ҡ޹ǵѩʶũҶ޴ڴСխиӴֱؽеֻеǸִ˵ԽԽҰԼ̣ظо׳˵ġԽԽġľԽԽ̷µظоҶ㻹ڲϼ멩̵Ĺͷѽڵ
ҶԽԽҰس壬ªľް뵽һδСο͡ٹȫ¶ġ񹬡ȥڻаĳ鶯УкüδɬظоҶ˶Ĺ̹ͷ񴥶һصĲ֪ĵ˸еֹ̼֮ġϡ
ũũũܿ񴭣ת
Ҷ޼ؼǿ̣ǧġɫɵһ˿ҡ޹ǵѩ塣ƾҶ߳ļɺͳ˵ĳ־ܿõýת
ƽʸ߹ŵܿҶ䶯һ˿ҵĳ壬ȵҶƲꡢź塣ֻ˵ľɫȵ䶯ųһ˿ҵѩҶµӭκתлǧ˳غ͡
ʱ˵彻ϴѾҺҶëȫʪ͸òܿһƬëиǴӿ¶Сһ𤻬ǵġ֭Һѽëʪһţŵëʪ˷
ҶִӲ˶ֺزܿڣҶľް񱩵ײСڣɫǽխкֱײްĳ룬һɹİҺġСסްϵ롰̽ܿڵڡ׺ݴֱġ̡£޾ס۵ʥࡢδСĽޱȡʪġڡΪߴ𡢽ӵſ
ʱҶıսȻһڳҧһͦμܿһü壬ҧһʹ಻泩˽̬Ȼӣ΢ţһתĽ崽
ֻܿǴִ߽Ʒһ̣ʱȫٰζһӿϷġ
ֻһ˿ҡѩ׳ĽҶһĲᶶһ˫޳ѩԽظ߾
ʱҶزܿײ˶ȵĹ̹ͷסӵĿɰˣһֹද
ܿҵؽ񴭣һʺӣС켱ٵغţǸ߾ٵ޳ỬƵٶɬҶ
˫ѩ޳ȽҶڴȼ䣬ŽסϵĴͷԡ˵දƵһɶΡ
Ҷ㿴ǧĵ绨׵ĻɫΣ̺ƬƬޣһ˫ѩ׿ɰСʮаָץԼϵļ˫޳ȽԼҶҲɫޡɵҵķӦŪҡֻסදĹͷһ飬йҶæݺһҧͷȻһڳֺݺݵضܿڡ
˶ĹͷƿеڣסߴĽᡰһද˲УҶһֵָֻסܿǽСɰȫѪ̺һ࣬һֻסܿ飬ָס嶥ϽС硢̺ĿɰͷһҶͷסܿǺӡѲӲͦĽͷҧ
ܿҶһ¶͹ܿһŷƮƶˣƮƮػ֪Ʈδ
رҶڵĳ̺ͶۡදɫľɫܿŮֱ߳һδġʴĸۣ֮߳ڲƮݷҪϾԽŻõļ֮ϡ
תеܿǻɫڣһһӿȵУŮ¡ߵȻҶ˴δԹļָ߳ŮϵĿ̹ĵζµǵһδ漰֮ۺ󣬵ĶһһӿԾ֪յֻһ˵ĸߴеֹͣˣǲ֪İ۷ԼϢ
ҶͻȻһйעǸ߲ɲƶˣµʱּȿͼ߳ǿҶԱҲ
Ҷ㲢ûͣҶִȻֺܿխг멩Ҷ˶ĹͷȻ϶סġද
ᩩᩩ㩩ᩩ㩩멩ᩩᩩһ㩩̫̫̫˩ᩩᩩһ㩩ܿתݺκ𣬽ӵתлܻӭ
ʱҶ㸩סܿҵؽ񴭵ʺ㴽ͼǿأһܵɬҧҶó֮ջߴ𡢺ӵݣ㰵£Ҷͷȵؾסǽܻ֡ӭ̴࣬ڷ㣬ۻ
Ҷ㺬סܿСɡĿɰ⣬һаؿ˱ܿӣС챻⣬ߣƿ顢ƻ
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ӰҲЦ˵áǵȻˣ㱾¶ûеĻôƭŮϴأ

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УҲǴʲôԸȥܹųҲӦֻ֪սӶûͶӶƾܹ˵ձڵص廰Ҿ֪㲻һͨʿûв´ĻһǲμӹӶѵӪߣǴ˵аܻˡ
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һ칫ģмͻȻһƵĳڷҶ㣬УɴӼ˿ог
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ܡܣʶˣǾһˣ޵־˺úýһ
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˵Ͳһǽ赲˿¾͵ҪˡҶƽϢһź̧Ķ䵽ʮֺϡ·˫ָ¶һ£ڴʱ˿˿ᱻҶĹžġ
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Ȼ֪ӶϸѧɱҶ㻹ûϵܾȻѧʮ̫Ӳ


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Ҷһˣﻹһܣܹʮ̫ӲĲ㣬ɲкľܹġ
ӱ濴ܺһʲô¶ûУԼҶղһƣͲһûнĺ󱳼ǸˡСʹܾ͵Ǳҧһڶѡ
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ղţҶһֻɹȻûнܸѾҶеûˡڣû˳ܣȴ˹ĺצӣĲӸŤˡ
΢΢һ̣¶һ˿΢ЦҶ̧ڿлһСС̫ȦȴһͭǮСѪɫС̫ӭźϮצӶȥ
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ܸеԼץʯɷ۵ĺץ·ץһ޻ϣҲòϡ
֪һЩĺܣڷǰ뱻ץˣȻǰ޴˵еڼҸ֡
ءںаԴвõʱ͸еһͷһɼ֮ģֱ۴ȥں뽫צʱǸ˴ȻֱֵͻȻը
ֱ۱ը⣬ȫմѪĺܣһҽд﷢˳
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ҶߵʬǰԼǹ⣬һԴ
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һξҶħûнֵӶͳһ̵ȼ
Բһͨʿܸܲң㾿ʲôˣ
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ҶԽ飬ԽԽԽ˵Խ
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ҶǰĻǿըһǣҶװӣˣţ棬Ȼһķæ֣ͱһξһƣ˴һ˳ȥ
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вϳָָ飬һ*ξһҲ⡣ҶղŶ˵Щǧá򲻸ãѡ쵹ùӣһ߱ʱ䣬һڰǣΨһĴˡ
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һ*ξҲ˲ȥɱҶˣǶѾųڵʮָУ赲ѾؿϵĹġһ*ξ͸еԼĺһһһСںڰȪһӿ˳
ءԾĿ죬ɱɻȥٶȣʱҪ졣һ*ξ͸е࣬һľʹѾǵһѪȪ
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žһⱻڻҶܿ˲սԱһƴȥҪûиšԣҶһƴڽܿ˵ƨϣ˳ƽѨ⿪
ϲûʲôҩ򵽣ʱ˿̣ҶһħЦĳܿʵСӣôҪʵʵһУүȥñүĻӻ֪ʲô
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Ѫɷһ֣ѾŹȵĽܣʲôƨӶˡҶһƣѾ۵ˡԣҶһʣողʮĽܿˣͲûнʮ꣬ھӼʮСƭϴ˵
ģձӶǲˣԶΪ˴ӱһU̡
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ܺҶ㲻ţֽ򿪱䣬ʲôûҲ˵˳
žҶ㳯ԴϴһƣûкĵģǲΪүԴ¿ˣҵȻ֪ûõǸUˡӱõˣǸһڰĻ쵰ôʵЩˣԼһûӰˡ
ǳϧĿһ۱һƴĽܣҪʲôطҶһὫܿ˵Сǲļ˲š
д¥߳ҶûйЩ˷ֱߵ˹ߣλһߣС˵һο˵һһѾˣЩձӶΪ˴бһǳҪỤݣҾͲ֪ЩӶҲΪ˷ֹҹζ࣬ھͽǸUҵҵѾˣټ
ҶҪߣ˹һѾͽҶĸ첲ץסЦĶҶߣȥѵ㲻֪˭Ӳʲôǽд¥ҲˣҲøҽǸU̸㵽ϡ


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УǶˣʲôҪʼղſԡȻģ㲢ûиܸ꣬ܲһβ̰ɡȻѾôˣҶҲС
벻ǲ췽ҹ̷ôõİã˹ûϺͿš˵ͿҶһаĶ϶Ҫ׵Ķ࣬ͷȥ죬ǳʲô飬Ҳлء
Ŵ죬ֱĿ˹Ҷ㷢ԼϵˡҪǰ˹˵û֮ǰе鶼ɷΧ֮ˡ˵ˣǸղԼˣ߸˵İ˼Ǯš
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ٺٺٺٺٺ١ҶıӰ˹ﰵЦֳеߣЩгǣд¥ȥòӼ¥ûҵκ˶ý롣
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ֳ˵תˣЩԱȥ
ǲֳʲôˣҪǵطЭ𣿡
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ǵģǳһͷӦⲻֻҪЩгܹǹԲġҪطĻ˹ҲӲԤطӦýӽǵطһ¼ô򵥡ԣǵطˡǾͽȥһձӶǲǶͷۣҹ컯֮ܵ١
˹ûи˹U̵飬ΪҲѾˣǸUݣ漰Ҿ°ȫЩӶԷɢˡ
طô⼮ӶеİӣڿѾˡгûʲôΣҲóһӣ;Ӱġ
ڣ˹˹˵Ӳ򵥲˵ȫǲӹˣ˹һ㰲οʲô飬ɲеܱȵطеҪǿٱ
ЩŮδгҶ̴ǿˡͿڲİȫʩǽ첿øϣ̵ģ֪⼸гܹš
ҶҲ˵ϻֱӾͳ߸гʵ˭˵㡣
ңг֪ʲô飬ҪЭġ
ȻǵˣôΪҪЩүȾ氡ڽЩԱоǽҪ򿪵ıԿ׸ҡ
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ԲСͬ־жԿͻҲܽκйϢϣܽԿ׽㡣ԣҡ
ءûеȵ˵ţҶһƾͽԴĳˡ
е˶ûϵҶ㾹Ȼ˵ɱ˾ɱˣûһԥ˿̣˵ЩѾҶɱžЩгˣ˹Ҷ㽫гɱˣһûнҶˡҶɻU̵ģɲҶɱЩгġ
죬˹ʲôɱ˲գˡ˼г˵ҲԿͻݱܣΡʲôԹͬЭ̽ɺãֱӾͽ˸ɱˡ
ǳרĵĽҪ϶ӡУҶҶСϣСӡһǣҶСȹϹؼҡ
˶˰ˣҶܷܷ㱴λѹ뵽ղԼĳǱɫǸˡæվܵ칫ſڣûһ˵ʱСƢɾˣ˵һߣޡޣҪߣ뵱СϹȥΰɣСھͻؼҲˡ
бմűĸгҶС˹ҵĽ˲һϵɿܻĻ쵰ϣҵһ˿õ
˹Ѿһ㲻ˣҶ㵽ͳʲôˣΪֱֹһսרңɰȴܵһ鱨Ա
Ҷû˽տͬ˹ߵѾܿ˴򿪵ıǰ
ձӶǾ3012Ụ鱨ǲûڱҵҪU̡ղڵ￴һ£ޱʮһˣо3012䡣Ҹ˷ֻһ󣬶Ϊ˿Ѿүţǰ˵ΪҲ취һӡ
Ŷ˵ֻҪʮ򿪣ǾܹҵǸUˣ
˹Ҳ뵽ˣҶ˵ǾͲýеı䶼ˡ
˵ôģôԲе⣬㶼ܹ뵽ЩӶҲܹ뵽ڵ﷢һǳ֣10322032ĸǰֱŮͬһүûнˮģҸұ֤ҪҵǸU̡
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ٺ١ҶڸеԼʵ̫Ӣˣ˹һЦ̾ͳ趨ı߹ȥ
ԿײȥԳŤҶʶס̿Ť
Ҷǳڿ˹⽨ﶼɵڰ룺Ҷûе֮ǰǲŸרҵ⿪ַҲ̫ˡ
ǡһӱд˳Ҷһ̵ָģϵ̫ˣOKүһⱣʲô
˹⽨˵ʲôû뵽еıҶϣ˲ʮӵʱ䣬ͱɸˡ
˹˳Ծ⣬Ͳɵİ룺鱨عֱһԿס
ҿҲд˰ɣ
ŽеƷһɫỤǳĿҶ㲻ɵĴ
У㻹˵U̻汻ҵˡ
˹ҶϽӹỤҶļһ£һ
ɱ˵̫ˣСĵѪ˨
ҶܸоʲôطԾãֳڶĿȥ
֪Ҷʲô˹һϵỤɻĸȥڣ˹Ҷ㻹治ˣʱٸͱһ¨ӣҪĵѪ˨ˡ
УɱңU̶Ǽٵġ
Ҷ㽫һ򿪣澹ȻһɫһỤ˹ɵľ泯Ҷʵ
ˣϧûн
Ҷ˹ʻ̳٩
ô˵Ǹ˰죬ȻҵỤѵͲûпܣUһģУɱ˵׼Ҫб䶼򿪡ҪĻҺҲҪԲ˵öˡ
˹ϵU̶Ǽٵˣ˵ỤһҪҵġ
ż˹Ҷø첲һ˹ҵգͷĺˣҲŲ᷸ԲвšU̵ˣʵ̫ˡңﻹǳҪõU̵ˣϵǳӴͬʱƵǸΪõỤһùӶʲôˣǿȡҵһỤ˾͵ˡٺٺٺٺٺ١˵Uݣǳ˱ؿĴϽƬǸһͷĻؽUûҪĶӢսĴϷ˵᲻ᱻĵԳѪ
Ŷô֪ҪõU̵ˣǳӴѵͲ˵һǮˣӶձЩֻǮ˵Ӷɵġ
˹ڷ֣Ҷ˵ˣʵ̫ˣֱˡ
㲻ǸǰɣôԲеҲʣˡǲΪʲôèֻҪǮ˾Ϳ붯ձӶɻϴӦ֪ǰλӶţǱϰ壬ɶǹ;ӡǰޣǽֹ˽ĹңҲ˵ٷ֮ʮӶ֯ǹ˹Ӷġ
Ҷ˵ף̴ӺɳĮ֮ӥó˹̫ܵܲ˽ӶЩӶʹõ˵ɣǾӹҲǰӶϰʹõġ뽫Щ˽͵һڰʲô֯ͨ͵˵ڡңܹ˰ȫͳȥˣǮ첻οЩӶǰޣʲô棬ǾԲ̤ƬصġôǵκһȥҪȵҪȫĶࡣԣһձӶǣ浽ڰ棬ûǿǲܰ쵽ġ㽫˵Cž˾ҲƲ㣬㶼û͵˵
ЩӶ֧֯˭˹Ȼ֪ˡɱҶ٩˹һҲסˡҶĻǳ˹Ҷ㷢Ҳκεɡ
ϵ˹Ҳǳ˾Ϻ꣬ѾҶ㿴ᣬȴܹЩӶĻ˵ǵ;ԲǾ鱨Щܹ쵽ˡģֲǺϴ󣬵Ȼû쵽ˡ
˹˵ǳͶ겻Ҷ㣬ܸоʲôԵĵطϾҶߣھ鱨λһܸߡ
ô˹ţȻҶ㿴ȥаƾ˵Ǿ䣬һУ֤ҶǸѪˡ


416
Ҷ΢Ц߹˹æͳҶʵҵUˣ
U̵ˣʵ̫ˡһ߳ıΪU̡˵һαˣ᲻ҵע⣿
Ҷû˵ûҵỤU̵ˡ
⻹ʣһӶٶҰȫţǲ벻бʲôҪĶΪ˹Ұȫ룬ǿҲȡְ취ġ
˹ҶûлشʻͻȻˣҶ©ԣҲͲ׷U̵飬˳ҶʣתƹȥֻҪصž˾Ҷһеġ
ϵỤǵĻˡûҺȾƣҿɾҪؼҳķˡ
У飬ҲҪллˣҪ㶯֣ӵɾʹˡȻô˵ˣҲͲˣлᣬȾƣУ˵ðɣ
˹֪Ҷôģȴ˵
ãôãСУȾƣ˵ҶҲˡٺٺٺٺٺ١
Ҷ˹˼̫ˣ˹֪ҶܳһʹɻģŲûţ˵껰ҶϾͳȥ
Ӵ˹ҶƵģֱ߹ȥ¶һ˿Ц˵Уصｫ֮ɷɻȥ㣬Ҿס죬ҺúдһΡ
Ҷ֪˹Ҫ˵⻰ŤЦŶ˹Ҿ֪ǲŹһλģǿɵȽ˵ǰͷûʱ䣬ʲôʱпеʱ򣬱֤ᵽġ
ҶĻ˹̴ЦҶԴ˵˵Ļҵ÷͸һſͷ֧Ʊ
˹ͬҶ˵ʱ򣬴Ҷ˫ͻȻһ⣬ס˹ϵȥѾһɳĮ֮ӥú󱳽˹ѹ棬ҶϵɳĮ֮ӥգžžžžžžǹӵȫ˳ȥ
ͨͨ׹صȺRB߷װʬ壬ðѪڹ㳡ϡ
Ҷӵ˹һӣͽ˹ľԱϲ֪ʲôʱ򣬶һѴź
ҶýһָͻȻڹ㳡һʮˣɭģ֣ȻĿŵɱԱ
ӳϵִʿȫӵţҶ㽣ָ֮ˡ
ѾӦ˹ƿͬʱڱŷһǿɱ߸ɱֱǹȻ԰޾һơ˹ҶʲôˣҰߣɱ
ٺٺٺٺٺ١Ϸûϵ㾹Ȼһ쾳ߡѹЩձӶϣһ㶼ԩϵU̽
Ҷûϵ֣Ȼһ쾳ΪңǳϵUġ
¶һ˿΢ЦҶֵȥ֣ǰˣǰ޹ӴСڣѾϰٴΣԲϵġ㣬İԵˣǾҲãåҲգսɳ͵˯ˡӽ֪ҰԶɱ
֣֪һ飬ǳ͹ҵˣǵ³ֻһ³ͬҲˡ
Ҫ֪Uǳ飬ֻ֪ղųҶֱҪU̵ʱ򣬼ӾѾ⽨Ҷˡ
ٺ١ϣɢǿɱҶϢȫ
죬Ҷֻеһ֣ٶʵ̫ˡЩɱҶ㻹ǵһ쾳ڸ֡
ʮ׵ľ룬ֻŴ̴ĽצѾҶʺߵط
ҶϱȻڰһӰֿҶʮಽڹ㳡һӡ
ûйǰѪӡҶɢɫɷγһ֡һ𣬾Ŷ佣ڰУȴһ磬屼Ϯȥ
ҶϵĽһһ˴еľˣÿһ˽ͬһ𣬱ɸǿĽҶӳھŵʱ·֮ҪԪһ㣬һɫȻҶ
䡪¡ӰУһһԪײ޴ըģ㳡ΧеĻľȫΪƽء
ۡһѪҶ壬ڰлһʺ硣ըɻҶ㣬ڵϣڵʮףĹӡ
ۡһѪҶгأԼס
ۡҶһصʱҲһѪ˳ֻǵʮסݺύ˿ڣټ±ϣǿӿݵȱڣѾ䵶ҶһָȻù򡣡
ģ֣Ҳûϵ㾹Ȼ
һ˲ܽѧضͷͻʹԳ۵ʽԣҶӳʱѾˡھŵʱҶѾʽϳ
ûϵҶ㾹ȻһУ߼ˣңǰһݡߣеìͷͷϡ
Ȼ߼ڱڵϳۣ꣬ͻȻһɺڵֵܻ壬Ѫϴɨкڵɡ߼棬Ҳܵ˼ʧ󲿷ѾƵHСڣҶһ˵ݣζ߼壬ӽ쿪ʼҪԿװ
·Ѿڰǿװǰ̼䱻׻ĳ档
ѾǳеԼʵ̫ˣΪʲôҪһʯ֮ơûжߣɱ٣Ҳᶯŭ߼塣ڣʽѾת߼ȫ¶ڹ컯֮¡ԣеŭȫҶһϡֻҪܹUϣǼ»ܹһ˿ᡣ
Ϊޣ棬һ⡣Ӱԭأȴͬһǣɫһ߶ĵâѾҶʺȥ
˹Ҷգһפ⣬ӿǹеʱ򣬶ѾӵҶϮȥ
âҶǽǣӽĽͬһŴ˹ȥΪѾﵽ쾳ڵҶֽûзɢɷѾﵽǹز
ۡе䵶ǳĴҶ㽣д˽Ҷǰһ˿ڣѪʱ˿ڱ
һ֮ûи󵹷ΪһɷֱʺҿӦʱϣһ˿ڡ
ҶָٷסڸѨȴ¶һ˿΢Цָ·ӵд֣߼Ĳ˹ʮ˵ѾùˣүҲˡȻΪѾﵽ쾳ڣ쵰ޱûпӵʲôеС߼ûˣҲֻڱһǹӲдˡҪûʲôеĻӾҪʼɱˡ˭㵽
۾һ䵶һӵСӣҲ´ͷƾɱңٺٺٺٺٺ١ڣϷµȥɡɱ
Ҷʱ͸еΧһ˿Ҷ˲γɷʱͻȻߵĵطƾճһʿһɭҶĲӿ˹
ʿҶ˵ǵһΪͬɱѾԼǰһʮףڲɱУӡ֮ڣ˵ѾʶϢڣϮףûз֣Ҷе˵ϢѾ˼زˡ
еһϢţҶڻӽӭʿͬʱͻȻ˲䳯浹ȥźʹһţ˾ڵϴ˳ȥ


417
ҶӰոմܳȥʮӲͬǶȻҶĲӰϡ
ʮ׳ڿվҶ㣬һʮף߷װʮʱϲɵľеʮӥ
ҶҪԾ˵ʲôûϵҶǡʮӥɱһȥ
Ҷ㾪гʱϾʮӥûǰ¶Щ˶Ѿµȥˣʮˣɱﵡû뵽һγڰޣͱҶϳ˵Ҷ㲻һͨˣҲʲô֯ˡ
Ҷھִ֮Ц죬˵ʲôûϵһỤȻҶĨһ£һ˿ѪһЦ٩үһûϵ֯ԣʺףһλĴֱʣܡʮӥ˳ڣӽˣԭ߼ǺᣬYZʮֻܷᡣǡ̤ٴȫѹ򡣡ѾǳԾˣ˶㵵ĿҶ㡣ԣʺףǵʵܡݣҲֻвʮ֪M鱨֣֪˭ԣʺ׵ݱý¶̳Ϊ˼˵ͺڵ壬Ѫ֪ԣʺףҲ֪ˡ
˳Ծ⣬ôҶ㣬Ҷ㶼M鱨ֵYZ֮֯һû֪صˡ鱨ţȫ֣֣˶Ͳûи˭Ҷ㾹Ȼ֪ң֪ĲЩ顣
鱨йѾûа취ֹˡڣôҶʵ̫ˡϣе֪
ʮӥɹ׼ֵܻģ⡣ձӶͻȻУеһЩͻȻ֪ʲôôֱʣܹܿҰǰձӶЩװ͵˵һĶֵϡ
ǹսʱѾ׼һڳԺڣڰ·ϽձӶɱˣõҪϡ
û뵽ڳԺڵĶȴҶȵˡ⽨֪ձӶҪõľȻһU̵ʱ̾ͻɣUݣǰĳһоĿɹ
ɱժӵ飬Ȼǲܴġû뵽Ϊǳһ飬ȴҶˡ߼¶ܸ˵˳
ʮӥǱһ˿룬ǾǽҶɱͬʱܹһǧˣڹ㳡ȫɱˣ߼ܾпܻᱣס
ΨһģǳҶڣûнȫ˵֮ǰɱˡҪҶ֪ܵ˻ţǶǺвʵ̫ˡ
ΧܵߣҶ㽫ϵĽбųʮȽǣȴͷ΢΢£˲˫ϡ·ڴȻ֮УҶϵ·ʼ޷ƮʮӥɱҶʱѾ
վˣ·ܹĿҶĽŲƶǳӭŵСڿҶ²ȫҶ沽ˡ˿ҶӰʵʶԻ۾ĲӰûеȵ棬ʮӥ۾ʶӦеҶʱͿһһ·ۡһ
Ҷ̬վΧʮӥߺͬʱһѪ
ˡͨʮ壬ͬʱڵϡζû뵽ʮ̣ȻҶһнûеֵסң·ǽԼĲӣԶ͵ҶĽһ
Ϊһ̣̫֪Ҷ㿴ֻһУѧѾﵽ裬Ψ첻ƵľˡһСڣҶɫӲ԰ղţһǳɣʹžšԪʧСҿҶڵΪѾﵽ쾳ҶڿʹһкԪֶ
ģʮѾڻȪ·ϵˡڣʱѹ·ʱˡ
Ҷ
Եϵʬ壬ûȥһۣۺһеʿڻƿ֨֨еͬʱѾҶͷ֮ϣ·ҪҶм롣ûжһҶ㣬ڿͷһղŻɭ̴¶һ˿΢Ц
쵶ȻСRBԳһɣҶ۾ƵȻܿ죬Ǿͬһ
ƿҶ㣬ǳȻĽָ׼ָȥסͷһּҶֽһã׼ýŽ߷ɵʱ͸еһھһйƤеһ˲Ͷȫܹ⣬һ˿ʹˡ
ûй۱ֳֵƣҶĽѾ¶ϣʬֳ롣
Ƶʬ屻ֳͬʱҶһѴƵм䴩˳Ҳһӵӳһ
û뵽ƻᱻҶɱˣɱٶҲ̫ˣûκεʱ俼ǡӵȴû뵽ڽ棬һۿĺ⣬Ѿĵ˹ȥ
ڶҶһ㶼ҵˣղŵס˾ŵ˽ΪҶҶϼˡڣҶʹաңһһѾеҶ̫ˡ
Ҷ·ӽɱʱһǿԪֱע䵶ϣһҶ˹ȥȻҶɱˡʮӥһзǳɱƣΪûеȵƽƽѧʹóͱҶ÷ɵɱˡ
䡪ڰбըһҶӽͬɱȥ˶ûɵٶȾͬһ磬ɱ˵ٶҪܶ࣬Ҷֻصղɱ˵طˡ
Ҷ壬طͣʱҲܱˣڵϳ˹ǹ
һҶ֮طȥ׷ɱҶʱ͸еڵͬһ£Ԫһ˲ͻȻʧɻûеȵףʲôʱҶѾǹˡ
ûе˹ʱһѾǹ˳ͺŵĽͷͬһȥۡۡۡۡ壬һĽһСѪףڵԪΪʲôͻȻʧ
ǹѾͣҶ㽫ͷ̧һʿʬ弱ȥŽڰյҶҲһӵߵ˹ǰ鶼ˡ
ȻɵֻȡỤҶҲһЩˣҪһʱصȣҶΣЩӾСַԼԼ˽˹ԢΧߡ
ÿһЩ򵥻ָ˶֮⣬ҶСַεԢĺߺʿвסҶ㣬⼸쿴Щˣһǳʱ򣬾һ͹ɽ㣬¿ɾҶҵȤˡ
糿ַһʼҶ弡ⰴĦɻûеȵַĦţڴϵҶ㽫ͷŤһߣھͳĦַ˵㣬㰴ĦַǲԺÿ춼ҰĦ
СϴҶÿرĺ˵˵ЦЦĳַ㣬ϹԵģˮˡ

ҶֲҪɫǣƤȳǽҪַ񶼿Ҫľˡ
ϣһţıɱ׷Ҳַǿɲ׼ġ찴Ħʲô鶼Ƕȥ㣬Ϲ³һȫ硣
ַšһѣҶһǳаǴ󺰴죬ǻ˽ǧǮһ̼صͺȫ׵㹤ߣ׼˵ϫʱ򣬵߹һѵ񫡣
СһҶķ軰ɳɾЦЦĶҶϹ㻹ûеȫ硣ʱһС㶼
ţô˵ţȻûе㣬Ҳ˺üˣֻҪ캣㣬Ϲҿ϶ܹ
Ҷ˵ÿ쿴˼ҵ㣬Ҳˡ
Ϲ϶㣬㲻ҧĹʱ㿹͵гȥЦˡ
Сֿʼ٩Ҷˣɸǹɱ˲һԣϽһóҶˡ
ţҪϹ㣬ôСƨɡ
Ҷɲţƾֻ֣ҪܹҧǱ֤ܲ


418
ξĴϱ̲ԣŴ˿ζĺ磬ɡ£Ҷ㴩һӾƵۣɫɨǰַС޵ģһذһ죬
ţ˽ɳ̲⣬գҷ
Ҷӣʹض˼ںϷˮַѩ׷۵ΣһҺһ紵Ҷֻü˿ķɨԼļϣһı
Ϲˣ
ַǵ𣬱СҶļ򣬶ʮֵᣬ˫ѩ׵ĺ鶥Ҷ㱳ϣ˵ĲݮӾǰĥš
ҶһַۣܵķַֺõҶؼ򡣺ȻתȽ۵ҶҶһСһҶѾһǹطһָͷᴥеĵطһһ࣬Ҷû̼Ѫ
Ҷ۾ܣֻؿһǣַסϸҧģأҶһҰްֽŲĲַһЦ˵⣬ĵؿ۴ڿ״̬еɫϹ۲һϸָҶһַؾһ¡
šϹ벻Ҫ˼ҡ
ַͷ㷢ҶĶƤϵƤһɨҶؿһҶؼ˲Ȼһ£ַǿһЦͷһҪһֻӴ̫ܶ󡭡
ַ˵ЦһҶžǵĸоա͵͵ؿһܣȻһɫַ֣룬һקסѩ׷ĺ飬شѩ׽۵ĺҶΣַߵһһԡǰ˿ؽҶһۣš죬þöû˼ˣĶôˣ˼Һܡ
ַһҶһǹһֻСҲ˽ȥعҶ쳣ؿܣסر˫ȣַ§ڻԼɫ׵˽۵С
Ҷ˫ִַ򴦲ַӾһţӾ¾˳ַϵźۻȥ
ַֻһȣ΢΢ſӣ³Ŀ۶ɵˡֱҲƵ˺ϡҶɫִס˵ʮغ飬ֻĴַָۺɫĻתָĹŷɫΡҶһֱڹ۲ַı飬ʱ׼ֹͣԼУϾɳ̲ϣַҺûһ˿زãȴǿ࣬Ҷ֪Сˡ
һüϷʵ벻Ҫ
šϹ˼Ҫ
ַһŤ壬ǵһش̼ûԼҺ̲ϷҶܰԵͷֵĴָģָһмսٷսִתغ̲ܼ飬һǵַܵڵӰԺ͵µĴ̼
Ҷַļһ𺬽˿ʱַҲֲ֧סˣصĵҶϡҶҲѹϣŵͿûһ̵ķɣǡౡšһֻɫҲͬʱַӾַһȻʽıʯСҶŪָѾ²ıԵУмһƣͰѵҰ벿˹ɹУַȫ¶ԼαϸµĴ࣬ʹַĺӼ٣ϵҶĿڱУκεĴҩܴˡ
ִָؼʮηйβַصس鴤ţ˫ȴͣ٣شǴִǹ̰ҶǺӡ
ŵڱɳ̲춯ȴûǡ
졭Ӳ̡˼ΪϨ𣿡
ַͷַţĵš
ҶʶԼһǹñַԼϵѹסˣֻҪһѩͻǹϴ䣬Ȼнôˬ죬ҲĺܡһжôȻ
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ǹַǰʥĻ˳ƽŵ֮ء
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Ҷ粻֮࣬߰ϹĺӵзȫһˣģϹġ
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ҪǲҪˡϹס֡
ַһһɳ̲Ťŵ޳֫ʹֻƽҲֱˣֳ˵Ļȣȥ˵ġ
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մīд֣ȻҲܵϷƺ黹治١
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ѵһ֪ߵŮӣﱻŪԼҲио
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Ҷַ񲻱֮ʣһƯ͵Ϯ֣ʱַд̼Ƶľء
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һмգ۵ʱˣ̶̵ģԺԵһյʱ׺ǹŴ룬Ľַ۵ľջš
һ˿Ѫ˳޳ϣĿĶǡ
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ʱַȴֻһоʹǳʹʹȫʹļʡ
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ܵʪĸоǶأٴԼ˵Ļַ֮ӲѣС̵ĵʹоʲôҪӿ壬ѡ
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СֻԺģһƬʲôҲԸȥ룬ʲôҲ벻ףһ״ǿҸоģֻһȵԸϢشֳȫԼе֮䣬ӣκ
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С΢΢ϵӣ͵ǳǳ˵ͣĺԼϵϹƺֻܱʱÿкͶŨŨİ顣
С˵̬Ҷ㽫С˫ȷſСҶ۵һţڣҶ㲻ڳԥǹһٽС˵Ļ

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ӭҶһһҵĳСоһ۵ĵڲܿƵʱܣѾɽɢ
֪鶯˶೤ʱ䣬Ҷ㻢һ٣о׵һ飬ƺһȹҽ۵ӵֱֱ

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˫֮Ҷм򵥻һ£̴ַΣСͣСӣֱɽµĵطһƬѾҶ˽˺򣬵㣬ҶҲΪ˸¶һԼ֡
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ͬһʱ䣬ҶɵһͣҿҶأԶɾʮȽˣһ¾ͽ˦ȥСַλŮͿӺϰ׹һûеȵôһţҶץ㰡ɱˡ
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һУװľҶ󺰺̳ǰ
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ҶɫɭĶԾ˵һ֡
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ӺͳҶϵɳĮ֮ӥ˫ֵݸҶ㣬ֽϵ¸99ʽǹ˳վҶߡ
Ҷ㽫ӵãվߵľᣬްȫٷӦӣһСʱ֮ڣ޵弯ž˾ҰΧκη߸ɱۡǽ޵弯žǼλ쵰Ѻ͵
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·ͥȥһΡ쵰ӣ̸֪֪֮仰
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ҶѾɱˣطԱĿǰܲˣӲܱɢˣˣ޾ͻһΪֳء
ڣѾѻȸֻҪҽڻصţе˶Ҷɱ˷ʽžˡһ˷ɱȫңѾȫ˰޵̷ܷˡûУһУֻһ仰ֱˡ
ҶںɱˣҰȫٷӦӵĽ̾˰ͳ֪ʲô飬̽绰˹İ칫
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鱨ʵʵ̶ԹѷܲϢ
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ˣʲôڳˣΪʲôû档
ѷһһ߿ٽֻ绰ͳҵ˸ֻ̰ͨȴǵԹ̶޷ͨ
ַɳ󿿱ѷǳ˼̱ɳϣҰȫٷӦ֮⣬еļˣҲ䵽ʲôõ³
գǹǹ죬칫ѷһ㣬֪˸ˡ
۵һ칫ҵĴű߿һ鰲ȫٷӦʿǿд˽
̽ǹ£򣬸ɱۡ
һʿǹָԼ̫ѨĹѷ̴ѷ
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ѷ˵껰ָѾ۶˰ӵӴһഩ˹ͷǽ¶һСڵͷβղ˵ξߵѷʬԱߣһ¶ȷϹѷѾö󱨸ܲ棬һĿɱϡ
̷ĿһŰ칫ңѲеķ֤ݡ
ξյܲһӣ̷ڣѲ鰵䣬ԡ
鷢̫ͻȻˣûһ޵弯ž˾һЩˣͷ׹Щ֤ݵʱе˱УһЩˣڿҰȫٷӦʿʱѾ̱ˡ
˾ڲʱͱҰȫٷӦȫסˣͶĻеӣѾոĿ꣬ʦפؽ
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ķڰ칫ӵĹոսĸ嵥һݣڵķ۾кܶݣɫKԪ
ء칫Ҵűǿ߿εĵķһһ̧ͷʱ򣬾ͿһȫװʿѾ˽͵ķ㶵ӵʱ䣬ֻѾʿεץסˡ
ȵķԷӦ뽫ڵĶٵʱеһжѾˡ
ʲôˣ֪˭ҡ
žһУߵѷߣȽļº컨ժ־͸˹ѷһ⣬ģ࣬ץľ㣬ߣѲ飬һӣ¥κ˲Υߣɱ⡣
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¾ת߳칫ҡ
棬ڱ﷢ֵỤдݡ
һԲԱUҵ˹ѷһ֤ݡ̽鱨͵ܲȴܲ˲
УûȨޣ鿴Uϵ֤ݣֻѲ֤ݣʵ֤ǾͲˡ
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ָԱͬ־ҽƤǲ飬ȥһ̸
ƤûиҶͬУֺ̾ͽ˵˳ȥ칫ʱԽ۽ģɶŸʿǶҷǽڵذ塣
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УҲûпͻȻϮⶰ¥ΪҪǲվȥһ£ǿ˻ˡ
á
Уһ߽İ칫ң
Уͬ־ҪôǵĹ
ûʰȫ飬Ƿǳģ԰ȫӽפϡ
ڱƶȣûȨй¶ж񣬵ӹѷְȨ˴ʣҪǣ浽һЩˡЩ˵Ҫõܲ˲ȷϣǲȨץˡڼ䣬뽫һô¥еˣ뿪칫վϣҲԤĳЩ֤ݡҲ뽫ģϵˣǲҶλκζ
УԲҪҲûа취˵ġܺڲ¥Ա̫ˣͻϮץˣ˲ࡣûзUЩ֤ݣУҲͽѷ칫Ѳ꣬ͻ̳ⶰ¥ڲˣ ҪȴܲץʲôҲҪϲſԡ
飬¥ԱУղ˵뿪칫ң໥ලΥԱҪ졣
ǳУʱǲܶ˵һ仰ڲһ˲֪ʲôƾʣһǿ϶첻ģǾ˵ڲһ棬Բɲʲô顣ôİ飬Ϊ߽øܴεģ㲻þ͵ǰؼұˡ
лл֧ϡ
Улл֮󣬲ת뿪˰칫ҡУ뿪󣬲칫ϵһ֧̣ȼﰵĥˣѷôֽţеľʶǰռƻ²ӣûյƻеװǿ϶˵һû
ʱ˿̣˹ڿŴͻ֤ݣţôӴʣѷôȥġô鱨Ŷûзκ˿ڻ֪ڰ޾ڲôĵŻ
˹ڲ͸мҶ㣬ܹ鵽޵弯ž飬Щع
潫е֤Ѿ˲ϣ룬漰ʣڲʮ˲룬ԼһٶʮKԪЩװںϵĻԼֵһǧKԪ
˹飬ڽһϸڰ칫ϣֻǼ ˹˻ر
ģЩ˶ڲʮˣͬļȫץӲʲôѶҪ֪ʲôڱû¶
˹εŭɲΪʮ˵ʣΪ漰棬ɾͲʲô򵥵ˣ滹һ˲ûϡ
ǣץ
Ӧת˳ȥ
鱨ڲ⣬˹֮һ뵽ص顣漰鱨Աȴûи鱨˵Щ鱨ԱҲ˸ˡ
ڰ޵ڶŦ׶һ鷿ողԭ׿һƾ͸Сһ⣬ģ׳գôôӣҵȨǡҪЩʮǰ͸ˣüٽ顣ˣô꣬ûгһ˿©û뵽ػϡڣϽһȫͳһӲҪ̤޵ءģˣ
׿̫ˣӵҲԲϣȫֺ;鱨һ飬ûⷽϢ޸鱨ţҲܵ¼޹Щ鱨ѾǷ˳ȥ׿ûϵK鱨ֲûģȥطѰȴľͶס˰ޡ
ѾBСף׿һ͸ɵˣף뽻޵վԱôὫǵݸ¶š֣Ѿˣֱӵģʲôúµġ˵ˣǡ
žûеȵС˵ȥ׿첲ָСһ⣬ģĻ쵰ҪҶӣھɱ㡣ֻҪúڿַҪҵ룬ֻҪǽҵǰλȥӵ̾ͻᱩ¶ңҵֻרõʹãѵ㲻𣿡
һС׿ɵˣϣڱֻŸɽˣͽҪˣŮһʣСھͽϰֵ˵˳
֣ô죬ڽ˶ͳȥ»鱨ע⡣
С׶Ծ鱨ѪֶΣǸеëȻΪһ©ȫϰٿ˶Ʒ͸үɾȫҵˡ
ô죿ڲô죬ڶûа취ˣԸЩ쵰뵽һ㣬ֻҵвοǾ͵ɡڣ飬ѷˣȫܱ鱨˸ץˡ˵ܺʮҲߣڣһ֪ǲǳˣǹѷߵţҲҰܺˡҪǳʲô飬޵ľ鱨ǾҲûа취ڶʱڵõˡСףӦ֪ʲôͻȻϮ𣿽飬κ˶ûһ˿ҰȫֲӵʿͻȻܺ칫¥ΧˡӦһʱ䣬Ŧ׶жˣ˸ܴˡط;ӣж˱ܴû֪ݡȻΪKṩ鱨һ·
Ϊضļ׿ҲΪˡô꣬ûб鱨ע⣬λϣҲ֪ʲô鱨ͳȥʲô鱨ܸKǰ޵İɱƻðŷǳΣͨK鱨֣Ͳһû¶ţҿһƶɱƻŵ̫ˣõ׿֡
׿ڼҽʱڣŦ׶ּδ飬ͳѾıȥáҺáҺõˣǲȡǳǿӲֶΣĳЩѾʵĺɫ壬зǳѪѹ˵ͳ׼ְڼ䣬Ҫ԰޵ĸ߹ٽһδϴ飬Ե׿ζŲʲô顣
֣Ҹղʱ򣬾Ѿ֪ˣҲҵ׳ʲô飿ֶѵʱ򣬻ûиϵ𣿰֣Ҫʲô飬ھ鱨Щϰ˵ô죿
СȻҲǳ棬ĵֶ
ᣬֶ֪ԼʲôˣŮK飬ҪҸ˵ܾŮᱻԺȥŮġԣΪԼŮKҲὫҸ
׿һ㻹Ƿǳаյġ
ڵ׿ʱΣĽ١
ͳѾʹɱ֣ĲзԼԼѰ޵ʵ׿ҲU̵֮ڡ


420
ͳ̸ܻһ磬Ҷؼ;С
𲽲һ·ҶͷֺһҶ㣡ɫķŮˣʲôԶңٵģҶǲǸÿһ²ҪŹأϵŮɲǾģȻҪͳŮ
ߵһͣĵطҶѳͣ?Ҳںͣ˳
Ҷ򿪳˳ȥһסҶһսߵɫķԱߣҶֱʻλõĳţȻ˽ȥС飬飬Ҷ㲻㵽ʲô
?ȴŵЦЦ˵ûʲôҶ㵹㣬ʲôȻͣ³ܵҶĳϣʲô
¶һǺܾɫҿɸ㣬ҿɲһŮˣôͷ
ꡱһҶ̲סЦŮˡ涺
ЦʲôʲôЦģǾˣŮˣҷ𣿡
װ̫װˣŮ˵ݼɲһĺã
ֻǾöѣû˵ķŮˣǿأѵǰʾʲô𣿡
㡭
?ߵĵҶ㣬Ȼһ˵
֪㲻һŮˣҡ
ҶЦ˵ţҶĻû˵꣬Ȼ?ɫ΢һ˵֪ͺã
Ҷһ㶣ȻŰԼǾ仰˵꣺һ֪Ͳˣ
?ֺݺݵĵҶһۣȻ˵ʲô˼˵ҲˣŲأ
Ҷ㡰ٺ١ĲЦ˵ǲ˲ҪģҪһֱҸأĿ飡ǾϿ飡ֻǽҲ˵ȱأ
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Ҷ֪ллĿ佱ҶһԼåľ뻹ôһģڱôһ˵ҶʵǺ֮
ҪģûôҪģֱƤˣ㡭
ҶĻҪ˵Щûõķϻ֪Ҹʲô
˭˭ˣ
ͷƲһߣⲻҶ㣺·죬˭涨ֻʱ·ȴأ
Ŷˣ
ҶһȻÿ?岻ɵüͷףʲô
ɻĶҶ㣡
Ҷ㿴ˮ˵һϲˣԲŸҵģȻ֪סĵطһӽңȻ󡭡
ͣ
?һͬʱһͣƣҼģûôģҲһϱСˣ
ҶȻŤͷƽŽ۵ݺҶֻһȭͷҵľ룡ҶȫԸоĽźͲߵ϶ͨΣ۾ȻĿҶ۾գѽգģɵõļŨཱུС䶯ţֱһּȵջҶʵ̲סͺݺݵıסԴݺݵסС죡ķһ£ͲٷˣҶͷѸٵĳ촽ѰҵϸĶС಻ͣһСͷͺҶͷҶһһ˱ĽҺ?岻ʱķ˵ĺҶİ»ɽɫצҲǰ˵زԲļͦҶ㲻һĴָ̼պӯӯһգҶһץšһ?Ľˣڻһ
ŮˣĶҶˣ
ٺ٣ôˣģҲ԰ײԡ
ҶλԱߵġءһ⣬ȻĿ͵ҶҲѹϣ˱С죬ͦ۵ĸоҶرҶҲȼڵҶѾʹֶȥ?壡
¶Ⱥ¶ȻһҲһģھУ?˿ʼĽŤĽҶһŤţҶĴ̼
ҶҲʼ䣬·ʪƤӴ̼ҶȼյȻҶȻ˳ǳ󻬵˽ȥ˸ʵķͣȻֵİʮֵĲǣҶ㻹Ǿ÷ǳĴ̼һرĸо?忴СʵûеôҶ㽫ƿԲС͵ҶҶ㾡Ħǽ۵̾Ӳͦ
ҶٺٵЦЦСɧŮҶεʰ㣡ƻҶͥĺгҶһùˣ
ݺݵſ?彿۵飬ҶƬ촽Ҳ˳ĲӲ?御齿ȴԼԸоóһ˵ô**ӽǵɬԸоǲǵһξǵڶΣԲᳬΣҶһǣһѾĽ⿪ţпŦۣȻҶ˵һǶôᳵ·ҶѾ̽Ŀʪƽ̹СĶˣӴ˿̰ǹ·ĻһһһůҶɣ
ǣҶָո̽ڿ㣬ûë׵ĺɫأ˫־סҶ֣ŨصĽţôĻ󣺡ҪҪҶ棬ԡ
ȻҶûXXOO뷨ҶȴѵľҶ֣ͣǲҶܲȻץסҶ֣ǣҶݺݵȥ
Ҷ΢õ㾢ҲϾˣС椶Ǻ˸ˣҶһ̧ͷݺݵһ˱סС죬?һȻ˫ֵһӾȥһ룬ҶȻһ죬ꡱһ¾쵽ڿĵײۣʪܵһƬǹˣҶһ󼤶һЦ
˵ַǱͦϸҶ鶯˵·ͬһʱ̱Ҷԣǿ?һ䵭ҲûзӦģҶĵ֣һ䵭ҶҲаһʮĵ
ԹԣʪܵشоǲһôУȻǵҶﲻ͵ЦŮԼģɲܹҰ
ʵ˵ҶǣĺڼֵɫϺݺݵĵĽXXOOһܽҶͷ֮ޣǸŮδ£ҶҪѭ򽥽ҪһĲʳ֮֮ܲǴɷ羰һǡôûƷλɲҶԾܹģ
Ҷ·л?붯Ҳûа취ڵĸǿɲҶڽϡһģģоرĴ̼Ҫǿ?Ľ۽رۻӵָУҲرУ
Ҷ·֮£?벻鶼УʱѾҶȴͻȻֹͣԼеĶȻһܴģɫһӦ֮󣬲۾Ҷ㣡
Ҷ㡰ٺ١ЦЦر޳ܣرʪ
Ҷôһ˵?ɫӵĺˣöγѪˣҶιȥˣһ֮󣬲?Ҷ㹴ҶԼȻҲǳĸ߰ӲģһѩصͷһҶ㻹ǲὫ?XXOOˣ˵ص㲻֮⣬ҶúõĵϷһ
ɬӣҶ˷ܼˣر˵ӵĲϣСŮ̬رˣһ˫۵ȭͷݺݵҶϴһ󣬿ߵӣǴһҲۣ
ݺݡĴһ֮ȻֺݺݵһѹסҶĲӣͻȻһҶѹסˣͻȻϮҶ㲻ɵһ㶣ȻŽε촽ͺݺݵĽԼСͷҶ촽ϵĽ
ʲôҶϷںеڵϷңңǡͰҸ˰ɣգѵ?ôĿţǡ
ôģ ҷƵİɣҶԺоȻðһͷŮ˻治һŮ˿ȵģʲô鶼ûУǾҶոյġʾ֮ȻѧܿԼһֻ־Ҷ·ĸҶţޱȵСֽ⿪ҶĿİԼ˽ȥСһץסҶҶ챻סĻҶܻ᲻Ľгģ
ģû뵽Ů˺ôĴ̼Ƶ֮ٱⳡһڣҶ벻Զѣ
ŮһҶ߻ˣҪ֪ڽϰҶôɾ͵飡ֲţпݺݵץβеԣʮ㣬һﱻҶץޱȻ
ǸʲôѵҶǾҪXXOOȻŮǡҶҲûñ˿Ⱥðɣڴ·ϣȻڳǷǳĲȫ
ҶŤԴһЦ˵С㣬ôѵõĺܰ
ҲȷʵҶ鶯ˣ?еʧˣҶ˵ϲ㣬Ůˣ
Ҷ˲ûιȥŮˡҺʲôûаɣǸոշһС飬ϲңҵŮˣ棡


421
Ҿϲ㣡ϲ㡭
һ￪ʼգ۾ͣ˵ĸ֣˵ҶͷˣҶһͣ!ȻĿ˵ϲңΪʲôϲңϲҿԲɣĸһɣҺûʲôĵطɣ
˭˵ûУҵһۿʱ򣬾ͶкøУ
ն˵
һۿңҡҶ󲻴ף
ȷʵԻ
ǰʱ㲻һ˳۹Ҿ棬ҡ
?еʧ˵
Ǹʱϲң
ҶЦˣЦ÷ǳĲȻ
ǰҾǸʱϲ㰡ôˣ㲻ţҲϲ㣿ϲҲдϲһ˺ͽƺûʲôɣ
ǡ㲻ͳ˵һλ˫ʿ
Ҷɻ˵
NOҲϲһҲϲҾǶһ飡
һֱҶУѩҶѩӰܿȥ˱ҽпյˣҶ׼ţŮѾ˽·ҵˣҶ㷴ǿһ
ιҺû
Ҷ㲻˵
?ǺǵЦ˵֪Ҳ룡˰ɣʡˮҶ˭˭ѽҪô𣿡
ˣŮǲԴˣľͺҶѾǼһ
У̫ˣҶ˵ʲôˣҼңҪ׼˯ˣ
֪
ЬӣѩԭЬȻϵɳϣҶոպȹĲˮ˵˯˯ҿӣ
Ҷ۾ɵÿˣѵҶ˵ò˵Ҫ˯ˣҼңôҵŮˣҳзأ
?ɳϣ˶ȣңһûӪĺˣҪôΪĻҲû
Ҷߵ?ǰٴǿС㣬㲻ȥ㸸׻ᵣġ
𣿡
˿ֱȻ˵ѽʮˣҵϴ衣
ԡң
ϴ谡ϴ裬˯ѵ˯ϴϴ𣿡
ֱ׳ĿҶ˵
УС㣬Ҽңǲ̫ˣ㡭ѵͲ±𣿡
ҲѽҪµĻŮƺͲ˦ңѾԡţ
ѲŮ湻ѲģǺͳŮԼӰԼͰͳֵܹϵҶҶѾݺݵĽXXOOһˣڡҶȥݺݵţιҼңǲǸˣ
Ů˽ϲҹɣҶס뵽
ֻϡﻩˮп?峩
أ㣡
Ҷݺݵһ䣬ȻĻصɳӣһǸϲˣ
Ǹǻǻ㲻
޸ˣҶȴܣģĲƽڣܶŮŮŮҶȴܣ
벻ͨʵ̫ˣ̲סĴ˸ǷˣȻϲߣҶ㻹ʡɣ˯˯ҪȵϴҶˣҶɾˣָоǷǳҪ
뵽Ҷȥ˱ģȻûһŮڱҶůǣڴϵĸоǱɳҪŮˣҶ㲻ˣʲô͸ʲôҶܲˣ
ȻҶ뽫XXOOˣҶ㻹ҪԴΪء⵹ŮҶʵ̲סˣģ椣Ҳ̫ˣͳԲˣұŮȴԵˣԺ㼸ְˡ
Ҷ֮󣬾ͳſ߹
ҶѾǰ?ǼԸоҶֵĿ?壬Լĸ첲Ҷǿ׳̵ֳĴְűϣ֡
ÿ?彿ߵǣҶ޳ܵذб㿿ϣԼѩ׵ĺ鱻ÿѹȼĥ⣬˵Լÿȹ£һǹѾʼַ¶ڲ࣬ǳмɵظ˿ߣ¶Żһδදš
һϵľٶʹÿ?쳣ؽߣŬͽ޹?ֻʱֿҶᱡ?۾ȥԷϷʵӣҶԽԽشʹн֣ҧģһл᲻һҪҧɫǼڣ?ĿҶһ˫۾Ŀⶢ
߿?һŤͷȥֱ۾ȥǰɫܴһ飬һϤ㣬ӡ
Ҷٺ£ֽźɵظס?壬ֵ˵͵ĬˣƯСҰ㡭
Ҷٴΰͷ?糺ϣ?岻۾ԷصıϢ
Ҷ˵Ź̧̧ʱһǹӱȿ?Ļľ޴ʹÿ?岻ò̧ӣȻȻ޿ɱظܵ˵ӲȣһסҶ㲻ϵϮ
ûã?ֻԼСȴһȣ϶һʪʪĸоΧʱҶȵĺԼϸܺë
Ҷⲻſ?Ķ?·𴹵µͨ͸ӨĶһʱ䣬?;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеģԼĸйʶͻȻ䣬ǵŪ࣬ǣÿ?뱧ǰɫǵĳ嶯
ԣԣԡ
?弰ʱķźԼҪȥ
һҪơס
ȻҶϮȻڼ?ǹʪۣҶŰĳ༵࣬СԪĶش?ͷʵĸоֱͣײţʹεͣȴǵסкڱŷ
ɫ湻ĵģУҪסһҪģ
?һһмԼڵΨ̶ܵļǿ־ΪǿЧ򶨼ʹܹʱʧԼ
ڿ?֮ʣҶ˿?κպ󣬲ᱡĶ䣬ֻ̧ͷ۾Ȼ¶׵ЦЦ̵úɣôίԼúҵİɣҵСŮˣ
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һϵеĶ˿û?˼侲أеƵƵǿҿźųʴ־飬šһſ?ٵĺ?ڲظ
Ҷһж֪ʱѾˣضϿ?˵ҵСáСΪҸСŮˡ
ʱĿ?Ѿ֮Уһ˫۵Ҷ㣬˫ҲͣҶϸš
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粻Ҫ˵ûûͻ۸˼ҡ
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翴СƺأԼˣĻѾˮˡ
ȻҶסˣԭ?ͦ˺סҶ
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Ȼ˵?ȴҶͷҶġ
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ôͲиõأ
Ҷ˵֮һѹڿ?Ľϣ?ҲͦԼ˵Ҷɫְڲš
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ϹҡҡˡҧһһʹİҧҧҪҵˡ
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ʱһŴţһѹıģʱֻסҲͣתζš
Ҷ˫ֲͣŪ?ӴƮ˵ҲϵӿУŪǽѡ
Ҷ㿴?ȫһ󶶶ͷһһɹ̵ҽӿ?صĻз
еʰҲһᣬôôйأ
Ҷһſ?壬һҲûţǲϵĸһ˫顣
̲ס͡йˡˡϹָ͡Ļ˼ҡ
ŵͣĴӿ?彿޵ӣз
СԺ黹ɰϹѽ
˵Ҷ˫ɲͣſ?һ˫顣
Ϲ;ҵ嶼ˡҪܲԣ
Լеһ˫ܵɵĳޣ?¶飬񵴸һͦ˽ӦҶĸ
ʱҶɫִӿ?һ˿׸⡢ƽ۵Сȥ˿?ķ棬?ܺԶ΢ͦΣ˫Ҳߴŵĵȴš
Ҷָڻг鶯?Ҷͻ̼һ߰ҲŤڵøӶˣʪճҽҲͣճҶֶǡ
ϹСҪˡҪ
?ȫеĻҶǿҵŪţʱִĿвϳš
Ҷմˮָ˳󣬽ָ쵽?ӣУ?Ťĵָͷ򣬽Լˮȥ
Ҷİѿ?Լſ?Ϸʵʵòóԣ
?ǸЦ⣬ӣҲĴҶƵţɫϹᡭ㺦ġ˼ôˮ
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˵ţҶ㽫Ŀ?һѱסڴϡ
Ϊǰһ?廨ʪҶ㽫һ˫⿪ʱ¶Ƿۺ۵ĻҶ̲ס˿ڿˮһ뵽СǴŮֳɾ͸Ҷҧҧǹ׼˻
ꡭ
׼λڿ?ĲҽУҶռ使۵ʻ
ҶڻǳݵҡͻȻǹ뵽ײ
ֹԺͬʱǹҲڿ?ȫеĻнǿţÿһζʹ?Ť׷š
ѾƴŮĤ뻨ʱҶĶˣÿһζÿ?岻ɵ÷˵


423
˵Ŀ?ӣ΢ˡšٶȾһ糺졣
?ҶǹĴ̼¼Ťָؽںͽ۲ײһ¡
ճҽӿʪ˿ɼ۵ѩ޳ѩ׵ϣҶϸſ?彿޵Ļ˵Сһ£һԼͻ粻Ҫͣˡٺ١
˵Ҷĳ鶯˫Ҳͣ?Ǵĺ顣
֪ԼĴŮĤѾҶȥ˵Ŀ?壬ȻͨᣬҶ֮£ҧʹԶҡӭš
Ҷͦĳ鶯ʮӺǿҲǿͳңܿͽʹ?忪ʼûһЩἰζˡԼҲŤĸ𾢣ҲΪˡ
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˵⻰ʱ?̬oһֺ̰űζ
СҶһҩӷͦ
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Ҷ鶯ļӾ磬ǰͷԽԽͣ?һƶƮ
һûоЩʹʣƫͻȻûȻң֮䣬·ǻõϲ²ȥ
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Ūࡢꡢ롣ŤչɼнҶǹĳ鶯ÿ?ź
ѵһ֪ߵŮӣ?彿ƵССƺйȵҺҪ?ֽץµĴײͣҡ㷢Ʈɡ
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?ѩ׵Σ߰ͣͦӭҶĳ鶯

Ҷڳ鶯Ĺ̵Уȴر飡ڲԲε⣬ͣİΧԼǹһǵĸоǹĲ֮󣬻̾ͷǿ䶯ڻܿʼѹǹҶϵͦ˶ܵǿҵĿУ

ǹ룬?䶯ĽҲֵĸǣûа취ȥԼ˵ź˫ֱܵҶϣָУ˳ƽǹһһεͽԼܵ
ˡԶԡһ㡭ˡ
?еԶزͬس鴤ʱҶ㲻ټͣΪǹڻ֮£ҲҶϣؾͷŹСǾڿ?߰ļеʱҶǹز뵽?廨棬ȻغΣͼԼ
ҶϢһ󣬵Ϣ˫ſ?һ˫ѩ׵ĺǵʮ㡢ָл۵úܣҶϷʵ˵ϸСϹˣ
?ҶһЦͦһ˫ȦҶĲӣ˵˼ҵĵһΣ涼ѪˣϹҰϣ
˵?ͦͦΣһ˫ĵĿҶ㡣
ҶһӲͦЦ˵ǺĵϹĹͷˣ
˵Ҷһ˫ɫΪſ?һ˫ѩ׵ĺ飬?Ҳһ§ҶĲӡ
ɫϹš
?ǽ֮УҵͦҲͣҡӭϡ
СҪҪϢһ£
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ҪҪҲҪϹϿġǹˡ
ӿ?ĵӣзŵĽѩ׵Ťţʱ?ѾȫϢˣҶĵ¿?ĳ׳ˣǵĳҲҶΪġ
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ڸղһϢҶָֻԭľʼĳ鶯ţҲ˿?һε
Ҷһ߲ͣͦԼǹһߵͷȥſ?ĺ飬һÿ?岻§Ҷ壬˫ˮһҶ㣬ӷŤԼĽʵҲͣǰŤͦڶţҶĳ鶯
һһĴ˿?ȫʱֹͣͦҶʵСϣϸ۵˫ֳҶǰѩ׵οʼŤתţڶʱŪǹĻҲͣĥתš
ҶͻȻһ飬һţСϹ
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ٶһ㡭Ҫԡѽ찡Ҫͣԡҷˡ
?һɧ˵ĽкţһƷŪǹŤĴһ˫ѩ׵ĺ飬һһµĲϻε˵ˣǰݮСģҲεҶۻã?һԽĵķҲŨ۲һˬı飬ʹÿ?ɰľɫոǧġ
Ҷ˫һһŵס飬ֿʼͣ
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һһɵҽӿ?廨ϵֱ֪˶ãһεĴﵽ˵Ŀ?ѩ׾ӨģѹҶϲˣҲЩҽʱ?еĻԲͣڳ鴤ţɼййжôļҡôˬ?ҲΪй̫˷ܣʱ˹ȥ
һ?ˣĵҶ㡣Ҷſ?Ľڵشͷͷһ˫ѩ˵ĺ飬ƺԱҶ÷ǣ?ԼҲоҶǹδ뿪ǽ۵ĻһǷǳӲͦͣţɼղŲδԼһͬﵽ
šϹ㻹û𣿡
?崭ϢһᣬоҶǹ㽿ĵҶ㡣
ҶһС?ˣһſ?һ˫飬һشţĵһΣϹôñ̢ҵСӦϹʲôǹ
šϹûมȻҪŪ˼ҵȫΪֹΪʲôô־˼ҲŵһͱŪйüˡ
?̱ҶϽߵ˵š


424 ܿӰһ
ܿӰΪҶһӤҶ㵱ȻǸ˼ˣԼжŮͳŮָԼͳĬƸҶ޵İȫʣͳҶ㿪ʼ룬Լڰ޶ΪްһЩ飬гһգԼĿԾѡͳ
ҶԼҶҶܿҶӰҶ죬ҶѩС£գۣҶһʱҶ͸һѰ
ãҶϢСձΪϴκ˵վ¼ͷֿʼˣȻٴɾͺȥ㵺߾ϰϢҲúߣùڵڿչΧձ磬ҶǣԼ뿪ޣͬձܻԵĴΪһ繥бҪȸԼ趨һͣùڻ̫ʮУҶͻСʱʱ䣬һ̫ǵͣ׼ձ硣
ʮգҶͻĺˣ12ʽʼձĹձǧվͬʱĹڿ͹ǺƮձվϡձӦٶҲܿ죬ܿ֯˷ĺڿʹĲɿ
ͬһϣĺڿͶҹδߣսһϣڶϰ˵Ÿһ䡣ձվƣÿվҳһ۵Ǻ죬ڶϣձ⽻پͷ飬ûĹһ˵Ĺ⽻Էеģǹҵ˼ҲΪʼ˿ˮս
ҶʱڵԱ߿һսɼҶеǳˬ죬ҲڴսʱܿҲ۾Ҷ㿴ܿЦЦ˰˰ɣϽϴϴҰ࣬һһ㡭
ܿЦЦͷ
Թ緹ԺҶ˵ԱߣʱҶЦЦﰵ̫ӣʶһүүҲأ
Ҷ˫̿ٵôţҲ¶صЦݡ
ڶһ»棬ӰСձæµšȫһЩԣٶȺܿ졣ʱһʮ꣬ñȽͻȻã֡
ʱҶ̽뵽档ʱصľҲһһžװˣյʵô£
ʱһվ˵ɽξǵϵͳԷǸ֡
Ǹ̿ŵĻĻȴһЩ룬Ⱥձĵֿߡ
ҶʱЦݣٶȸѸ٣ԼĹӵǿʱѧϰҶˮƽһĪľ硣Ҷһ˽ձѡľձ⽻ĹٷվʱܿҲһĿţҶսеĺܿ죬Ҷʵ̫ǿˣͲȺձֵܹġʮӣڶľ»˺ˣԷ̫ǿˣǵֵסˡ
ʱҳһƬʱձ⽻վѾˣеĶȫɾˣֻһſɰĴӣŤƨɵССͷСͷŤһȻĴ󴸱һͲʱձĹٷ⽻վϳ˼֣ţ㵺ǻĹģǲʵ
ĺ֣վرۡ
Ҷ㹥ձ⽻վһӵʱ䣬Ѿ˷ˣϢһϴеĻĹ񶼵һʱձٷ⽻վϣһʱձٷ⽻վ˼˹¼ӵʱ䣬Ĺ󲿷񶼿˸ղŵһĻЩڿ͸Ǿȵĺ˳̫ǣģ
һʱ̫ǳΪ˵Ӣۣ̫ǵҲӡС
Ҷʱɿẓ̇ڸĹԱȨޣҸվһʱķǽֻҪԷͻԼǽͲܶȨޡҶʱһ룬ǽһıҶӹ̡ձձʱѾŭˣձĺڿҲ⽻վϣʼҶȨޡҶʱҲɿļӹŷǽȻĹңҶеĴ󲿷ֶµĴ룬ҲµġҶǸװ󣬷ʵһܸߵľ磬Ҷæ˰СʱȻЦЦ̫ǵʧˣ⽻վֻ仰һŻĹĵͼ滹֣¾
Ҷʱֶձһվ¶ЦݡʱձһʮԼĵǰæµţһźͷŮһԾĸĦΧмžװڽĵȴšǸҲ¶˾ȵɫǰķǽʱ˶ԵҲ
ҰҪ೤ʱ䰡ǴձǶˣ
һʵǸһæµһ˵ԷǿֲдСһֵסأû뵽ĹȻһôصĸ֣˾˰
̾˵⻰Ҳĵͷ֪˵Ķʵûκ˸һλձ·֮˾ձеһżڿͣŰ硣ʵǿ󣬵ҶķǽһʱҲͻƲˣµĴһΪĸо
Ҷʱ˷ܣ̫ǵҲձһվϣһʱվĹԱ󾪣Ͻ֯Աֵǽӣվͱ̫ͻơ̫ǻǾ仰Ȼʧˡһձ˵ֱѣ̫صĺڿ;ͺһձ淭һûƽ⣬Ǹվͱ̫ǸͻơȻ̫ǽһˣȴձֽšʱĹһЩڿҲʹˮһڿӿձһʱձսձҲԻĹǿҵĿ飬ǻĹ⽻ȴԴ޶ԡһʱ䣬һ̫ΪĻĹڿ;͹ձǧվձϵƮǺ졣¾еձϤǴϤľֻɶĻ̫ǣ̫ǵνһ쳹˺ڿȫеĺڿͻ϶֪˻Ĺֳһλʵǿĺڿͻ̫ǣеĺڿͶڹպڿʹս
ձæµţҲȥƽЩǽˣǴձһЩͺڿػձҪضΣֹ̫ǵƽ⡣ʱأһٶձˣÿһ˶࣬ҪһشսػձĹϵͳϵͳƱϵͳͿϵͳձҪĵط̫ͻЩطôձʧòɹơ翴źˣ˵ձ˵һѣصĻĹڿ͹ǵĹңҹʧأǼˣҲȫֻ̫ǡҪػձҪĵطսʧܣǵںͻĹн̸ϣϽ顣ڴ֮ǰǵǱ֤һʧ𣿡
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е˶صĵͷȻԼĹλҲԼĵԱߣʼӹŷǽһֽŵգжһѹ֣̫ʱŤԼСӣԼĿȥ
ҶʱձһҵҲձҪҵ֮һعձľҵ2003ԷܵľΪ2800ԪӸҾҵ֮סعװF-2F-15JսԼ90ʽ̹ˣںӺ½ж˺ãںӣع˼һǱ֮ͧһ𽢡ձҵĵλɼһߡҶʱͶҵ
عĹ˾ˣһڿڽŵķšҲĻ̫ǵϮκڿϮ̫ǿˡκһζҪǿձĺڿͼֱûκη̫֮ǾͺһһݺҪǻ̫ûһĿֻ꣬ҪԼϲĵطȥÿһζɹ
عܸҲڷ棬мʮ̨ԣʮڿæµšعΪձľҵҲձõĵԡĵսнսзӺܴƣҶõľһ̨ĵԣǷǳġҶ㿴ŵԣҲ¶΢Ц
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عĵһͻȻ˵ʱ̽е˶æµʱعĸҲĽţ۾һĶĻĻһĴ룬Ҷʱ΢ЦĿԼĻеٶȸǿþˣһ뷢˳ȥ̫ҲԼĴ󴸡
ʱڶİҲӵϢ̫ڹعʱһ¡е˶عȥҶʱ˷ءͻȻкܶڹԼͣеĶʱ԰Ϊ׵ձڿعսѻ̫Ƕסˡձڿڹ̫ǣһʱҶķǽ᧿ΣҶʱϽأٶȸӿˡҶķǽιˡҶǿ˺ܶ⼦ʱ粢ûйҶķҶ⼦ȴǹ˺ܶ࣬ҶʱҲԼһ˺ձڿսš̫ǻˮ޴Էȴһİߣţ֡ȥֱһսʱĹһЩڿҲеĿ궼عȥ


425  ܿĽ
ʱڶİҲӵϢ̫ڹعʱһ¡е˶عȥҶʱ˷ءͻȻкܶڹԼͣеĶʱ԰Ϊ׵ձڿعսѻ̫Ƕסˡձڿڹ̫ǣһʱҶķǽ᧿ΣҶʱϽأٶȸӿˡҶķǽιˡҶǿ˺ܶ⼦ʱ粢ûйҶķҶ⼦ȴǹ˺ܶ࣬ҶʱҲԼһ˺ձڿսš̫ǻˮ޴Էȴһİߣţ֡ȥֱһսʱĹһЩڿҲеĿ궼عȥ
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һ˺ص˵֯˵ֿ̫ǽˡ
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̵ֻûҶʱȻӡʱҲأ֪̫ǵԼͻ̫սҲʲôĸоܲãʹԼԽʱҲûָоҶϲЦݣ˫Ѿ˻ӰʱҶľͻȻڴٵתȻҶȫߣʱҶоԼͺ˶ƷһرĺáԵ˼άӷˣҲǳɣ˫ֵٶȸӿˡһĽսҶƣʱڳ¸Ҷ塣
Ҷʱʱ䣬澹ȻһƬհס˫ȴͣôһĴ뷢˳ȥ̫ʱȻԼĴ󴸣޴ֱӱһ޴ƣץסֱӰѰץʱŬţǻ̫ʱȴľ޴һֻץסһͷֱ˺һʱ˺ˮȴԻ̫ǲ˿־壬ս˰СʱԼѾˡʲôʱĹһĺڿͰڿ֮ҲܰСʱͰԼܰҶʱһ˶ɢصϢܿʱҲҶϢˣҶɢ޵ջֱܿʧˣҶʱٵôẓ̇ʱ򶫾»أͻȻ󺰣صԴ졭
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Ҷʱʼϴ磬û˰СûκεֿҶ㲻ӵʱͽع棬Щ˸ϽæȥصԴǵԴʧƵأԶ*ϵͳͲִСعܸ˸ϽȥεԴʱҶѾڷĵȡϡعһЩƼҶٵߣÿӵٶȶﵽһGĵȡٶȼֱ˼顣⸺˰εԴԺҲڵϴڵĴȴԻ̫ǲĪĿ־壬ǳޡҶʱȡعԺ󣬾ͷֶԷĵѾϵ磬Ҷ氲װһСĲȻ˳
ҶʱվһսҶ㾹Ȼûиеһ˿ƣһǰĵԡװæ˺ϣҶЦЦԼ飬Ҷûһ˿УʱҶͷ˿ܿܿʧ۾ԼҶ㿴ԼܿŷӦ˹ɫһͷȻҶ˵Ϲ
ջҶ˲ѪڣܿջԽԽˡԼ̲סʧ棬Ҷһ˹ȥ
еĹȻ谵Ҷɫ˼۾ĿܿԸе˼޵壬ȻϻĹһС˼ڿ㣬ĴҶøӵջˣӵڳ˶ܿ˵壬Ҷ㵱¾Щܲˡ
ڸĦܿĴϰԺҶŻԼĿĵأԸеƨɡҶƨɵʱָоȫһ¡ܿҶֵ߶ȫˣزͣŤš
ҶȻڸĦԸеƨɵȴһҲûֹͣǣͷͷľ
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ܿתˣȫ˫Ҷ֣ɵ硢µ˫壬ѩỬķ⣬δӯһյĴȣ֫ɽ壬мͻԲïʢ꣬滹΢յ顣ڵϰ룬һƶССһУһ׵ԭʼͼҶĶҲֻ˼ӣסѪӿͦӲɶ챻ơ
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ĵİ뷨ܿû˵ֻǲϵĽЦţ֪ǴӦ˻ǲӦָָĦһ֮ҶڴЩе˵ĺɫɭִ֣еĿġ
Ҳ֪˶ãܿϵ֮Ҷ֪ǽȥʱˣŰ˫ȷֿ˲Ҷֿһۣһ۷۵ģһһϵĶҶߣڼЩɫɭֵĵ׺ҶԼĻˡ
жԣʲôһ̶ԵرĲ԰
ԼǸӸķˣȻܿһĦ˼£ȻʪůȻİѼͦǹ˽ȥ
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޹ȻǱˣ˽ıһȻδ˵ҶоԼվƶһȫƮƮģˣ֪ܿʲôоǴǻĴУڼ˿ӣҶ֪Ҳ˿ֵĸ߷塣
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˸˵Ҷһ̫ǵǿǳԼ󡣰СʱܰѾ֪ˡһ춯صķ籩еĺڿͶˣҲ˷ӦһЩѾʼĹʾˡϸǴԻ̫Ѿʮڿˣ̫ǵϱȱȽǡû뵽̫ǾȻعȫϣҪ֪ȡҪصģһԱͻ֮˶ֱӹصԴмʮ߼ʱ䡣һٶȸ͵ȡ̫ĿƼȡƼĺڿʱѡ͵͵֣ŻȡĶһ㡣̫ôŵĺڿͣǻǵһμ


426  Ϯ1
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Ůû˵Ա˼š˵꣬ȻȻһһ׹СɼͷǰһӰƵٿһֲˡСɼͷֻԼǰâһΣ鷢ƵƮ˵ϡ
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Сɼͷϸͷһϳ˼ϷһֻصĲӬɫˣû뵽ŮӾȻ˸Ľ衣ɵѿڶӺն


427 Ϯ2
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һ̣СɼͷǼΪġ֮չֳĵСɼͷ򿴵ʤ⡣Ĵ˳⼬ֵ̯ӽӭж⣬ձսһѡ
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Ҷ´ӵĹеľ˳Ƴľȥ͵һͷٶȿļֱˡ͵͵˵һ䣺С
Ȼžǡﬡһ
ҶͫС͵һŵĿԼϵȱڣ૵˵֮ˣ
Ѿѳ˱Уָƽһεƣ˵


428 Ϯ3
Ҷ´ӵĹеľ˳Ƴľȥ͵һͷٶȿļֱˡ͵͵˵һ䣺С
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ҶͫС͵һŵĿԼϵȱڣ૵˵֮ˣ
Ѿѳ˱Уָƽһεƣ˵
鷳ˡҶаû뵽䲻ŮӾȻָٵİε۲ɼٶȣǿһҪɥȪˡ
ʱ͵ĳ΢΢һžͿ˶Ҷ޷мܣֻһһﬡӵĳ·û뿪ʣúõġԱߵˮǽȴһʮֳĻۣڻðĦİ̡
û뵽ְεȻôǿҿԼĿ죬򡭡ҶüͷԸּİεһζĶܲǰ취ɵٶ̫ˣ˵һûþͱ˸ţ͸үھˡôԸְεֻһ취ǾֻӲƴˣ
ҶڱҪһѡҪѡԼǰûȱڵְ䱸ĸָ̼񶷾Ӳܾס⼫ٰεն
ûа취ţּΨһʤ㣡
ʱȻ˹΢΢һ㻮
ʱҶȴûȴ˾Ⱥ;ĵĿУҲŴӳ˹ȥ
ﬣ
һĸӵĴѾվáûܿм䷢ʲô顣Ȼһ£ȻԼһǳǳѪۣ˵ҡˡ
Ҷ㳤һ˿һ֧Ҳȱ˿ڿҪ˵ĸ񶷾Ǹ??̵İ˱ڡղԼϵľûжסһնԼѾǱնˡΪһȫڻڷ顣
ȻҲûмĶҲܲ²Ҷ־ƴĵסһնȻֵľӹȥͬʱ˴ӵľȻû˵ִ硣Ѿˡ
һսȷʵҶʤˡ
ĬĬվ˻ȥһʧ߾ɥı˵ϣһ仰˵ʱƽǰһ˵ˡ
ƽǰһϾɢһɸҵϢ˸յһֹ򣬵ƽȴ·ߵԸտ˸յ·ӡ
洨ҶҡͺͶû뵽Եԣ
һúõһ±ɵľ衣
ƽ̧˫֣ɫˮаɡ
ҶоⱩʢѾ˸ƽڲ̧֮䣬ѾƿȦһ·޷ԽĹ켣ڸƽΧʡ
һּĹŷߣڼѡϰܵ侫ʮ֮ĵѾǷëǡһ̺ѧܴﵽԾƶԲƱĳ״̬
⿴ƽʽҶ̲סһ䣺ùһϣҶһΣ˫͵һϣȻ˿Сһڵһ¸ȥֵȻ̳
һдµĹᴩҶ׼ƿȦĵطϷ
Ҷһ֣һɾɱ
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顱һҶһһ㳾ȴû˵ƽŶ㿪֮չ˷һ㳯Ҷ˹ȥ
˵ǹȣ˵
û˼˿ֲƽʱҼģԵģƷԵģͺһʱ˶оѵĿľ裿
ԭҲһֲⲻ۵ɱȭ
ٶȾ֪ˡٶȿľӰһ㣬ҶٶȻҪ¡ܴﵽֹٶȵģҲֻҶܸƽɫˡǣȴҪҶĶ࣡
ƽͣĳҶ㷢˹ÿζǹķؽں;ҪҶսͺ񱻹ؽһǵ̵һо嶼չһչͻ¶һʱҶ㴦·硣
ȻΪӦִ˺ܶĽȻսϴĹɴƽϰ洨еĿסҶ佻սҴ⣬Ϊ˵¼òĸƽӣʵһ۲۵š
ƽѧϰֵʱżȻӴеͰ㵹һİ洨¡٣ʮʱͻ洨ʦТŶΣˣʹȺ۹ۡȻͨһսΪʷľŶθ֣ΪʦоΪݣ뿪洨ʼ˼ձءڸزͬĵսԴĥԼļ߳ļɣΪʮʱӮˡˡĳƺš˶ս۵ϣ춨Ӵ˵أǱԼΪ
洨ڸƽĸĽЩΪӦִ˶ɱΪʵȭһһķչ洨ʵսɺɱ˼ձĹһţ洨
˵ƽѾһʦĳ̶ȣ
Ǹһǿ˽սҶǿҵģ
˿ҵսУƽ͵֣̽ץסҶ󣬽šһ𣬾ͰҶ˦ȻݺݵĳȥҶ˫ڿԲ˼ĽǶ˹δˤ֮ǰ˸ƽ??ϡƽߵ֣Ȼ̲ס
ҶովȣͿȻһҶ֪ҪʹؼͶˡԺͶ*ĵ΢ҶǿԵֵסġ
ȻƽҶԶĵط˺ͶҶϵǣȻҵأеͺȵ𣬺Ͷ
ɾԲͬͨͶԿΪý鴫˹Ҷֻ֫Ȼ䶼һεһ£ĶȻʧȥ̲סһҪϺݺݵȥһľп˵һ
̫ˣȻýӴ壬ܰѶԷˤ
ˤڵصɲǣҶ͵ķһŭȣֳ͵ķ˵ϣʹһԾһƯǰշվ˱ݺˤڻˮϵˡ
ƽ΢΢üͷеĶУûбһˤģ㻹ǵһ
ҶЦˣʲôʹ
ƽɫˮһ˿˷ܡĬȻȻҲֻþȫսپˡ
˵İַֿ
ҶɫˡΪ֪һСʽҶ֪һжʱ̡ΪԷѾڳˡʽνʽǷעһĹڿֵһɱֶֹΣǲӦгֵġƽȷʵ˺ܶɱ˼ɡ


429 Ϯ4
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ƽȵ
Ծֻо
Ҷûбѡһб޿ɱܵĹԵ˷ıˮһսĹƣǶܣֻԼװܱ
Ȼˣһƴȫʤƽбķ
Ҷ˵ţҲ̧˫֡ȻҲǡʽǿϢ˵м䡣Ϣڳ˶оǰĽš
Ҳ΢΢üͷֿƾе£Ҳ޷жϽһ˭ʤ˭ܡ
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ͬʱ˾Ĺ
͸ղڴӵսһ˻ǿ巢ʲôֻǰһΣ˾ͽ֡ҲǴת˲š
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Ǹƽȴתͷɲ˫ۿҶ˵û뵽ھʽĹ̶£㾹Ȼʹֲ˺淴üղ˲סҾĶڿϢ롣Ϊһ˵ˡ
Ҷ㱧ȭá
ƽȻⳡսɫû˿ı仯ӮҲһı顣ƾһ㣬ͲòǼΪ
̩ȭ˰ķ˷ܵƽˡҶȼˡڸֵˡ
ķͲӦñȴ곤˼ꡣɫڣĸƵģȴʵҪ˶ࡣҸĲͬǣɢһĺڰʯͷϢ
֪ǹ̩ȭߡʯͷ̩ͬȭǴĴսĲ׺ݶȭȭɱСԭ֭ԭζɱ¾
Թ̩ȭֱ˳֮ΪڰʯͷһٸϰڰʯͷˣϰĹоͻΪܲϰĲпȥܾѵҴ˲ǰٷ֮ʮҡЩ˽Ҫμӹ̩ȭıֱпᣬÿȭ̭һȭ֣һٸܻģҲ߰˸ҡ
߰˸ˣȴǳͷβʯͷҰޣսˡһ·Ӽڰѵͱ߹ѪʹǱޱȱͿꡣȻƽЩ˿ûʲôͬҲһı顣һĴ̼ѪֱӰ״̬
ۿŰķ˷ܲѵ״̬͸ҩƵı飬εҡҡͷʱķӣʶԼǳ֮ȥϣԶ볾ǱԣǴıĿҵŬһöûС
սǺڰģ*ģСǹǲɵаĵ˾ΪķɢϢ̫ˣ̫Ұˡ
ҶʱҲĸоˣŰķͺһֻʧصһ㡣
Կʼ𣿡
ķΪ˷ܣĻЩˡҶǿģǿȴֱӰѰķ˿״̬ÿһѪܺϸ˷ܵĺţþûиôǿսˡ
ҶףһӲӲǿǿսһٶȵĶԾɡ
Ҷͺһ
ҶĻ䣬ķ˷ܵĺһɤӣ͵Ĵԭȥһǹǲɵôʧɫ켣ߣ
ķ廹ûнӴҶ壬ǿѾԤеĹ·ʶѾҶпԹĵطȫԤ˳ͺԤƶõĹ켣һ㣡
ǹ켣ߡǹڲѧϰγ̵ʱҶ㽲ۼ⻹ǵһΣǽ֮ӵҲܴﵽľ磡
˵ƿȦǿķ״̬ôԶԣ켣߾ǿĹ״̬
ķȷʵǴˣԵģ۲۵Ĵˣ
Ҷû뵽ԷﵽĵزķĹ켣·ҲϺȻɫʱķȭϥ⣬еĹչ켣ߵԤ·ʼ˲͹Ҷͺһױ¶ڶԷ֮µɳ
ʯͷ˫ȭ˫ţ˫˫ϥʯͷֱ˶
ųƴ500δ֡ȻţǼ׿ѵսȴһȭں
ʷϼأ̩ĩڣʯͷʦ˿ٯӹ˴ʱ顣Ԫ1774꣬ھΪӶ䣬ʢаһ̩ȭʦı䡣˿ٯʿǰϼ־ˣʹп֣ʯͷʦշǷƥ֮£ƾˣʮĪСӹ˱ɥ֮ʹ
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ͬ˲乥£ĵ׵ľ̾ҶɳһĺˣҶ㾹Ȼڰʯͷְķĺˣ
Ҷ㱻ԼִɣּļҰԵսķһȥ
켣ٴҶȫ
ȫһ·ٺһȭҶ㶸Ȼֳ崷
һֱ߹Ŀ̽˹켣УͺһѷĿҵ˲һѲҶȭͷֱֱĴ˰ķţƻһй켣ߡ顱һ죬ķȻһȭ˳ȥ
ͷһӽȭ
ǹɻҲ֪ӽȭ
ûԹ⻹ûܰ
ͷİһۣ㲻ҪΪⶼɵġ
С΢΢ͷ˵ûղӽȭֱ߹ǿһУֳȭ˾Ȼ뵽ӽƽ̩ȭղſ湻Σյġ
ӽȭйϷȭ֣ഫʱöʦ̫򷨽նСǿԿƿ죬ԸƸաҴȭּʺϽֽŶֱ͹ơлȭеһ⡣
ķĪıһȭ˳ȥȻؿڴۣеսϽһ㱻˳˲еսⶼȼˡһҰʮĺ塣ķ˫һɵأٶ˹ȥ
ӭŶֿյս⣬ҶҲһŭԵĶȥ
ʱ˿ĸо˶Ԥ⵽˶ԷĹ켣ߡһʱ켣·ݺύ˸һѾԤ˵Ĺ켣߷ǿҵĹ
ڿⳡս˶ıͣΪǺһͻ̲סֻ𱬵Ĵ򶷳ǣĻꡣԿԿ죬ԿԿӲӲԸնԸյĳٹȻޱȴֲڣȴһ޷ĿУ
κһ˿ּҵĴ򶷣ĵ׶ᱻӽԭʼ𺳣ἤѪҺ侭ǧҲʧı嶯оڿ֨죬оѪѸţÿһָἤĲͣĲΪ㿴һбĸоһҪȥֻбĸ죡ǿ
ֻб̭
ǲпġֻʧܻʤû˫Ӯ˵˫ӮˣһЦѧνġ˫Ӯһͷβۡ
һս˵¡
µǡķ
ҶӽȭСͷסеĹ켣·ԼȭȴͣĴ??֮ϡӽȭ羢£֡ʮȭ֮ʯͷҰްķĿǽϣۡһſڣ³һѪ
һɲӰķڷһ˲Ұܡķŭĵͺһ׼Ҫȥƴһ
ҶȴתĬȻҳٶȺﵽ˾ѵĳ̶ȡȴʧȥǣΪһսĻ˵ǿܡսʱʶǷģѵġķӦʶȴ޷֧Լ壬ԶҲܴﵽ۷״̬
ķˡ㶵ĿҶǿıӰ·һֱ׷ȴ޷ﵽĶһơԼסӣ첻ͣĿ̿УΪ˴ﵽʶ֧


430 Ѫ
ҶȴתĬȻҳٶȺﵽ˾ѵĳ̶ȡȴʧȥǣΪһսĻ˵ǿܡսʱʶǷģѵġķӦʶȴ޷֧Լ壬ԶҲܴﵽ۷״̬
ķˡ㶵ĿҶǿıӰ·һֱ׷ȴ޷ﵽĶһơԼסӣ첻ͣĿ̿УΪ˴ﵽʶ֧
ֱڣҶһףԼҪ׷ķ
ɲǼ䣬ķඥ
˲õ˽ѣķǽ˵ϣ¶һĵ׵΢Цйˣˡ
ķȴӮԼϲ㡣
˵ǡӡȰƴʦװҲֵһλһɫ޷ֲббĴϰϣ̻¶硣ĿӼʴ󣬸յףȹƵģеո*ζһſ˵ʹŨŨζ
Ҷ㳯λӡȰ˹ȥĿཡ˶ʮҵͣ˫Ŀ΢ȴ⣬һǸز¶ĸ֡˫ֺʲҶ˵Ҷ˾Ѿսҵսҵʤ֮䰡
ҵģ
Ҷػش
ƺǺһЦҶ˾ˣΪֱˬɶ˵ɶǼȻҶ˾ͽ̰ɡ
˵ֳ꣬ǰ˳ȥֱ
Ҷһ׼ȫͲˣһ۾ͿӡȰֵɣӡ٤ȭһ֣Щֿڣء
ȭʱ൱磬йĴʱڣȭӡȾѾչˡŴӡŽڷ̶ڽ壬ѾнǧʷŽ̵ľһҹӡϸļһȭǺ͹ӡȵ٤ͬʱֵģ˺ܶ٤еۡԱϰϳΪ٤ȭ
ҶҲ֪ԨԴδۼΪ٤ȭейؼȭѡ񴫵ӽϰʱǳĿ̺أӡȱҲʧڹʲҲǵӰҶҲǺܾ֮ǰһܹӡȭĻͼףһŰʽ񣬺ǰһޡ
ȭĹֶκص㣬ҶʶȴһƬհסҧҧˣΪǿ꣡һŭȣҶʼһȭƺ˹ȥ
΢յ˫۶ȻһƬɫľбɢһֹƻĵһֹĵٶȳҶȭͷ˹ȥ
е˿һĻ﷢飡찡ƵұۺȻһҶĸ첲Ĳ˼ȦİסˣȻһסҶĺ
߲˿֣
ͷ󾪵
ҿⶼ֪Ŀʣ
ǹͷĽֱͣҪѪˡ
ͷ˷ۣӹС˵ֹֹ򡣡

ǹһͶ̥ˣûйǿϧ
ҶĺסˣһϢзȥץǱ״ֲĸ첲ʱƺȻſ˿ڣһһ𣬻صڿײÿһ˵ǡ
ҶֱӱһˡһƬ磬ֶֻɥʧ˷ܺͶѾƵֽסȱѪȱĸоһҶĴԡ£Ǿ??ȻȻȫˣÿһ缡ʱѪҺӦȻƵб˳ʮ뽩״̬
ȴʮڰᵽɤۡʮӺҶȫѾеȣһҧҽŴӲ˼ĽǶȳƵȥ
ʶܻᱳ㣬ܻᱳ㣬İҲпܻᱳ㣬ǧĥѳ壬ȴԶᱳ㣡Ҷҽڵһͷʱұ˲Ҷĸ첲ϳ˻ȻѸٵһܿһš
ɴɵʱû͵ҶÿһϸڣԼķĺȻͣǱղƵһɤӸĲͣΡҶ˻һֲŵ˵ֳ
Ŷ
ƵԳһ˿棺֪
Ҷ㲻ʮģ޷뵽ΪȻֳ֪
٤ȭΪصһּΪǵΪֶΡйƵĹ硰ʨӺ𡱵ǡʨӺ𡱽ֻһЧֳͬǴѧе̥ƿٵ𵴣Ӷƻ˶񾭡
Ҷ㲻ֳ֪һ֪һܡּСʱֻ֮ʹһΣΪĿͬҲʹ߱˺
Ҷ˻Դ̧ͷݺݵĳԼϴ˼ȭֱıѪֱס֣оһЩһٶͷģʲô̬Ľ̹٣ʲô̬ѧ
ҶĿƣҵսһαµȼˡɣ
ˣԸ
һԡءٶȳ˹ȥأΪٶ̫죬ܹת˲͵ǰͺȻһȭеһּв̶ͬȵֱ۲ͣıŸֲֿ̬һһҶ㹥ȥ
Ҷ㱩һȻ񱩷һ˹ȥȭͷԹ϶ᱻǿֲĸ첲סȻǾĸ첲󣬻ҵ˫
ʮڣ
û˿һȵķ绪û˿һеƣΪȷ̫̫ǿҶҲʹùһУȴû˵ҶȷǼĵٲôҶȷǾ̵Ļƺӣ
̫ǿˣȻڿаߵˣƵͺһ첲Ȼšһƣ赲ҶʮȵĽ
Ҷһ꣬ҪϣȻϳ𾪵ı飡ΪȣȻѾˣ
ҶȣȻһԵĸоϳ𾪵飬͵ԼĿܡԼСȺʹϣмָӡָӡǿ󣬾Ȼ˼棬һԲԲСѪ
ѨҶԼһ뷨ⲻǵѨһִƻ񾭵ǿָ
Ҷʱɵõһû뵽٤ȭַȻ˸ͣ˲֮ӴȻ͸˱ļ⡣ȵ˶񾭺ͼ춼ѾƵָˣһһԡ
ֺƣһָ
ҶȵľһƵָѾĴļСʱҶȫеעⶼе򣬼ϵļ˲໥ָͷεļסˣγ״̬ڷ֮£Ȼûнγ
첲ָܱܲܰɡ
ҶϺȻԳһ˿ı飬˫͵סƵ֣Ȼ͵һšֻ΢ġꡱһƵʳָѾϣ
һ۵Ȼ΢ȴÿ˶﷢顣
ȻʹʳָҶ粿ļУš˹ۡǿߣҲҧѸٺ󳷣Լʹ֣һ亹ӶͷϻüͷҶ૵˵ѵǹģ
ǲ˼ҵóˡ
ҶһССָѣѪ ãã
˵ţץԼֵʳָʹһѹͷ¿ȥϧĿԼ״ָ̫˵ȫҪһڵʱ䡣Ҷ˾ֻʹ졣ˡ


431 
ε۵ļ򣺡ְֵˡ˺ܸŶ
ۺٺһЦ°ϵĺ붼΢΢ưҵİɡ
Ǻǣ
ЦһҶ˵Ҷ˾ѾˣȻ޴󰭣ѾʮӰսսĻ
˵һ³Ҳ˺ࣺܶսĻ
ʮʱֵֵʷǿ֮ˡʮʱֻ֮أʼνĿ֮áڸ֡ʷʮ꣬ʮʱصձӴǱϰաΪۼˣһִ˻ӡ
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Ҷŭһļⶼ˲ĵһţţ
Ҷ˲ǿļǿгϰ˶񾭣˶¶˲˼ı飬ĵһܣȻҵʶǿͻ˰Ŷݼеĵһţţ
۵Ҳ΢Ծı飺ȻĴ̼ǿʶţȷʵǡ
Ļû˵ֳ꣬˸Ӿ㵵ı飬ΪҶ㻺ڳһƣȻͬʱ˹켣ߺƿȦ
켣Ƕ֮ĽƿȦǾ֮ķءһһһһˮݡǵķֽ߾ͺҹͰһҶ㻺İڳУȻһ߼ƿȦһ߳˹켣ߣ
켣ƿȦ
ȱƣǹصϾ֮ϣ
ְɣۣ
Ҷ˵
Ȼֵزǡ
۴ϧĿ˵ʱգΪҶ˾϶֮ϡǿĿǰƣҶ˾ǲôһˡཫǿ״ֱ̬ӷ
⣡
Ҷ˵о*ɱ⡣
һѳ·¶˵ĸݵ˫ƺʮ͵ıһһư̴ĺ󱳻ڡȻȫŴͣ龫ʵ
۸ݵȻʼ΢΢¡ǱСŸ˲ˣĸɱļѸٵĹ谭ӣ˳Ծٶȷѿת˲Ͱ۵ĳŵĽ˶ޱȣһļ⿴ͬ
ǰǸĸɱͷˡȡ֮һ˸оֲǿ
С³Ծˣ૵˵ܰɡԪ
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ҶһнעǧҪӡǹǣڶ󷽡ССţڶǰ֮һ£ǣֱڶмࡣҸ̿ͽڶǰעһ㣬Ŵ󲿶жǧҪӡҪֵĻҲ󡣴Ҷ𣿡
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ҶԽԽòԾԱߵС裺ûã·бģ
ǣҲоˡ
СһһߵĻش˵·Խ4ҵ΢СбǶȲϵ졣ԽԽ

Ҷüͷ˵Խ߿ѹԽ󣬵400׵ѹѾܳܵķ֮ڣô˵ǺΣգ
С˵220µĵҪȵؿǵʵؼӲʮ屶ࡣôĹģֱӽ400ףҪķѵľҪȥձĹֵο·Խ޷ֱ4ȵĽǶбܰĽǶһֱ쵽400״ǰѶе˷ܼһҲɲɡ
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ҶѯԵʵ
ҹƣ·ͨµȲᳬ50ףͻᰴˮƽǶǰˡ
Сش˵Ȼһǳ˽⡣
ҶȻĵ˵ͷֵʵôЩô˽⣿ѵ910ӻеʿôûϹ
910ȫ˲ţĶԱҪѩͻӵܾΪ㡣
һӣҶоϢԽԽһս
Сʵе㺦£
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ҶɵĻش𣺡ҲǺ£еĪĽš
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ҶһС裬ںڰ֮ôļ㡣Ҷ㲻̾һ910ӶǿŮˡʵѵһ㲻£
СĬƬ̣˵Сʱҷǳ¹ÿҶҴӹǰ澭һܲˣ常Ǹﵽûй˵СǸʱҺ¼ˣ˵һֱȥǸｫһֱڣֱһҳˡ
СĽҶǳˡ
ҷǳĺ£ʸӦô졣˵Ψһһ취ηĶ׻ܡ֮⣬ҲߵǰˮǡڹʹӵĴʱǸһֱԺڵĹʧˡһ̣ҸоԼۼȫӳһȭ򵽵ȴֻǿҺúޣԼų֪Һ޲иҸԾ
С˵ĵĳһ廳Źȥʱ⣺ԺҾҲûк¹
ҶǶ910Ľʽ˼㡣й̬йĸĸӣôһ90ͲôԲУˡǺпܻΪѪ޵
С˵һ仰ȴҶһ޷԰ˡ
Ψһµģ뿪ҵߡ
ҶһᣬһޱȼᶨĿ˵ģġˡ
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һɤŵʯͷֱӰѺػʶȥˡһԾĿСΪʲôȻô󶯾СɫףȻҲǱһָұߵǽ˵Ҹղſһ˲СӰӣǽڻһȥˡ
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ǲʵȻղҲСһɤŵĹǺ
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Сĵ˵ǽУٶ̫ˣûпʲô
ܰ㿴˰ɡ
˵ǲΪúܺ£񾭽ţʼֻˣ
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СӢһ䣺ŻأԽϴ̳ǻᣬѾĻ֪ءһẦ£һţҿйһ⵶ྫ
ҪȥҶһ仰ȥˣˣұ־裬ǰҪˡɭɭŹŹֵֹģ˵ʲôĪĶҷ档
Ҷס죬ǰн˲Сʱҵ·̣ȻСϣĵѾֹͣ˼µ΢бˮƽǶǰˡҶһ£Ըղ߹·Ļڲڵ35ҵȡ
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⻰һҶʶ϶ʲôֵĶٴֵ磡
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ȻʧЦû뵽̿ͶˣôŰɡ
Ļû˵꣬ͽı͡Ϊһ˹ЦġԶޱȵĵĴ˹
Ц˿־ĺڰд˵Ĺ죬Ƕصɤͺһϵʲôĵ飬Ʋסĵ׵ĸ˶аЦ˶оһɺ⡰ಡĴ˺󱳣ϵĺëȫʯͷŵڲͣĴ
ģʲô۶ӣ
ҶԱ׼־裡һֿעⲻҪԼˣ
Ŷϵ۰ҡɡСй
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ҶתͷݺݵĵһۣȻҲһ£Ϊ˾ȫסԼʯͷѾĸұ죡Ĺ϶Сձʩµʲô¼һרŻ˵Ķ
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ղŻЦ˻ӵͷҲǷֱЩΪ󲿷ֶڽ̣ڹһĶŲɣȶ˻šȻӲﶼֽǡ
ƽʱŷ̵ЦҲһ˿־ı顣Ǹ̤սõСһֳţ»ľͷ˫ֵѰš
Цȥ֮ΧҲûжһĳֻһ˵ڡͨͨǿš
ģǰʲôȻߵˣҲֻһ·ߵˡҶӲͷƤȫԱ־裬ǰ


435
ûҶеֵȻһΣںڰзŴͫ˲Σյâ״һСӰӹҫ֮¡ٿ˺ڰ֮Сٶȿզࡣ
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Ҷתͷȫԭش
һ׷ǵӰʧĹ켣һͷ˺ڰ֮С
ҶղſǵӰӵʱһëžͱһɱȡˡҪѰҵĿ֮Ȼһղܵ׷״̬·ǵӰһħ
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ҶԼһ׷˹ȥǸŮװķͬʱһûҶѾû˺ڰ֮ССɨһۣתȥ
鵱һƬɧҡǹǳ˵ȫ尲˾ѾԭشҪ
Ҷһ׷ȥʧȥǵӰӵټֵɨһȦûκη֡ԥҪҪ׷ȥȻͷһˮͷƤϡҶϴֵϿȥֻһۣʹʧɫһʱ侹Ȼ
ͷ棬ſһֻ޴ι֫ͺڻһεˮǽϡͷ­Բ˼ĽǶŤţ̰ĶҶ㣬еҺĴһһεҶͷϡ
ҶеֲǣǹȻޱȿֲȻȴһűε
Ҷ㿴ǹ۾ֱֱķ㶣һɿֲдͷŵʱǹȻſ˴죬Ҷ㷢һӤ˻УȻ͵Ĵ
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ֵô˹ϣǹ͹Ĵǿ¾ȻûκηӦҲҵİɫҶһ񺮣ֻεĵס˹򦡣Ｑ֮²죬Ȼָ߸ߵľצӰɫļָףƳҶϾץ˹ȥ
Ҷ˫ֶŹ°ͣڲȥצӣﰵһãӽҪˡ
ĿצӿҪ嵽Լ۾ʱ򣬺ȻһͺȣǹﱻһߵͷϣŹĴҶϷȥ
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˵Ŵһ°γ̡Դụ̀ҶͲþˡ̱Ǹо̫һ㡣
ǹſҶַһͬӤ޵˻ź㷢͵˹Ҷ׼һо̵Ĵ̷滮һĻߣ˲ѹĴһӣɫѪҺһ½ҶһǹѪҺƤģȫûһ˿ȵĸоҶüͷѪҺ¶ڿеˮһܿľˡʱС˵ϵֵͲһգǹצӲԼϵĿӣŪĺɫѪҺǣʮֱӡʮַŭĶҶ˻һ͵
СǹҪȴҶȵ֣ҪŪѾģ
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һΧ߿üͷзһĶ񺮡Сһ˵ûȷղſǸȥӰӣӦþ
ǺʯͷӶӵ˾ֻһۣͲתͷȥˡⶫĸоǶģп־塣ʯͷ૵˵ħħˡ
ҽȥذСĲŹʬ壬۲һ˵ǳ֣˵״ĳЩָȥԶ㿴֣ȻҲָȴ˼ָףϻϸܵ·͹ڽӴ⻬ǽڵʱЩ·ǽ֮ܲ磬ֱڸߴнҲ·͹𡣲۾ĹҲ֡
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ҽ˵۾˵ɨһȦˣǵУȫ
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ʯͷûȥΪ֪ҽ˵һжǷǳ׼ȷġҽ£Ѿˡʯͷǳ˽ҽרҵܣơʡҽҩַܼ棬˵Ǵﵽרҵĳ̶ȡ
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ҶѲһȦִҶ۾ܼ򵥣ô죿ǽˣ
Ҷüͷڿ˼ǽҲý˲áȻǰȷʵ˸е־壬Ǻ˰ɣǱߺ˱ը˾͸üҮյļҮաǵģҶյ룬յ˾̯ô¡
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436
ҽ֫˵˶ǳǿצӺݺܷҶ޶ġļ׵Ӧñ˸߶ȵԺƽֶûֻжΧĹ׼ȡҴĺԵԲӦ̱Ƚϵµġ
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Ҷҧҧ˵ҽĺܺá˿϶˲ȥˣֻӲͷƤȥˡֵǣеǰ
š˾˵ûô˵ҲǾ
ղŻսսǰһᣬҲ˵˵ˣȥǶԵģôҲҪó˵ĵɫ
һ˵ĵɫ
С˵ղŲ֪˭ŵĶˡ
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ˣȫ޲׼Ӧʲô
Ҷһ˿˵Ķ죺һȫ˼ûУ֪ڲìܡˣֶΣȫӳ
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Ӧһѻôˣ⣿
Ҷֵʡ
ҽһϨҶеĻ˵Ȼûȴийϵͳ𣬿϶Ҫһȫأҹн˹رչԴһҪҪ̫ĶҲǷǳġ
ʲôڲ¡ĵطҹҶ붼ú¡ҹǵɫ̵̲ģֻ￴ȥֲҽִҽưóһҩۣӷƵĳ˵ȥ
֮󣬿йȻҲûϵĺζζһ˵ĻζϣӱܹЩɣҶţȫءҹǵĴҹǡȫн÷κ
ʮ׵ֲָĺڰУȻ϶ЯžԲĸأǵĽŲӯԼصʱЬ׸ĦȻûͳһĺÿ˶Լλϣ˿ûлҡĳȻһ֧ͬһĲӣǶѵصľˣΪ˱нٶҲ󲿶ӱһ¡
˴Լҵ·̣ΧڰվɣһƬžʲôҲûг֡һŰѡһֱǿŵԷŻ˶ʱ߶Ҷһܿ족ƣҶף˼ǺܿҪˡ
ڿ쵽ˣ˵߾ͰȫˡҶ㰵˿߻һ͵Цݡոֿ컹ûü¶ʱһĨЦݾҶϡ
ҹǵɫҰҶ㿴ұߵǽϣȻſһֻαڻĹ
ֻſǽϸ˵ٶȻţûзһ˿ȷǰЩǲŲţֻ΢һ΢ĽŲֻȫû͹ɫҹҰзһҵĹâ
߿Ҷֵı飬ɻŤͷһۣҲ͵סԼͣгǸ߲ҵľ룬ͨҹĿƤֲڵ״ͻ
ĻعͷԼ·ٻͷһֻۡϣܿȥòкǿĺģһֱǽߣͺһӰһĸš
ȥɣ˵ԼˡҶֻοԼԼ뷨ˣΪΧڰĿռ𽥵Ķʮ˫Ųҵâ͹۾
ЩеſߵǽϣеĵǽϣһƬĳ˹ԽԽࡣ
ݶαڻԽԽ࣬ӬȺһ֧СӵΧǺ񶼲ȷЩƶ嵽ǲֻΧϵߣеѾʼäĿſ˴죬˻̽
˸ոƽֿʼͨͨĿȻûһ˵Ըղŵٶнţÿ˵϶˼亹мС¿㶼Ѿʪ͸ˣҰսںϣճܼˡöȻڱٶȣȶӶѾʼˡ
ʱҶϵ֣ʾȫֹͣǰһֹͣжֹԭһ
ҶҲڡ񡱵ţ֪ȥ϶˵ӡʱЩαڻһӵϣɾʹΪˡ
֧Сжȫͣͣ˴İ֮Уһ˿ˡЩ˿ɲ·˲ʧȥ׷Ŀ꣬һЩãͷӬƵǽϺݶĴߣĿĵѰʲôһ˿Щﵽģŵøҳ
Լжʮֻܵǽصӹȥˣûҵһ˿׷ĺۼ˵࿪ʼ𽥳ܲѹĸɵʱЩαڻȻʼ𽥵ɢȥˡ
Сڣ˶ĳһЩ𽥵ȥǸоصѹȸһһļˡ˶ڰҵʱ򣬺Ȼһ˶ЦӲԶ˹

˸о񺮵Ц󡰿ͺһҪĶһŹ־㤵ЦЦÿһ˵Ķȫĺëը
ЦĴЩѾʼߵαڻ·յʲôָһͣסԼеĶĵתͷֳŲӵķ򻺻˹
Ҹɣ
жһ
ҶȻоļƵ͵תͷȥһƾȻǺߵĶҽų˿ˡʱҽüͷôҶ˵һ仰
Ȼںڰ֮УҹǵҰôľ֮ڻǿĺҶ׼ȷյ˶ҽҪϢ
ô̿ǹ죡
ҶЩˡǵҽǼᶨıʱҶҧҧݺݵĵ˵ͷȻһȫ忪𣡿죡
Ȼ̧еǹһαڻ顱׼ĵ䡣
һ±ȫԱƽʱٶȰγǹһʱžĺڰǹէҲ̫ŵԵʣǵƵʱƽ˰ٷ֮ʮࡣʮĽĻûзӦαڻ׼ĵ˲Դ
էǹЩҵĿ꣬һӤް˻ųӵһ±ˣǻûмеĹ˵ȺоѾǿĻˡĺɫѪҺÿ϶ǡ
Щѵصľ˵䣬Χ𹥻ĶʮֻαڻȫΧ֮ڣŻʬѪҺضǡΧһƬʱδҶʶҽղΪʲôҪ
ҡҸղŽֻαڻĺʱֲܷЦ
ҽҲδҶ϶ЦһЦǡһźţǷźţǰ֣
һѵﻹһֹﲻɣ
е˶ˡǵľ㵺ܿͱһˣһ˷ġ˻˻ֵ
Ҷ˶õҹǣ
ǰʮ״һȼյıȼǰԼյһƬͬ硣Ȼе˶ֵԼ˫ۡ


437
Զǰ棬棬ȱǽϣ˷ӿԼαڻǺѹѹһƬӸ˹ղ˻˻αڻĽƺˮǽ໥Ħ
Ŷϵ۰Ҽֲ׳۵һˡ
ǿ˷Ȼӿαڻ૵˵鶼Ѿɵˡ
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Ҷһ£ʮŸʿΧһȫķȦ˵˱ҲеֻҪľû͵ġ˶ԼǹҴ˻ȥһֱϵͻʲôԶǹʽͻǹйʽǹͰûǹͨûǹһֱʯͷļܻڣ
ʽ˲ӸǶȶ׼˺ˮһӿαڻһ̣ǶҶǾ䡰ܴȫϣʵڲе˵طӡм
ʱȼյĻѾʼϨҶдֵĶԱѿս
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Ȼ˻һĹĺһ뷢һӤһѲĵ˻УճҺ˳ǵʵ˵¡ҶεͦͨûǹȻȵ𣡡
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Щȫһ㶣Ȼ޴ĺǸסˡһﻹûӦͷͺݺһ𣬱СһöˮתѻըһĭЩʱ仹һӣȫŭˣںڰд˷˻ͬˮһӿ˹
ƹҫǹҩˮһк˳ȥɫӵ䶼ǡЩαڻû˵ǰͺ˻ķɶһ׷׵ĴӿԵ˵ϣɫѪҺضǣǺ¶ȵҺһ˿Ϣ
ǹĺαڻ˻֯һм仹ʿǷսĽкڵǹǵӳյͨͨģΪͿ־ѾʼŤһĺĹǣЩܵħͳͳǹµȥɣ
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˸ָֻ߲ŵҶһסˡڨڨ˵㡭㿪ɡ
Ȼϴ񡱵𶯣֪мֻ˳ϡ˳ųצ̽ûвĳհͷӳͱһӵĭ
Ǵ˴ð̵ǹ˵ͷĸоˬ
ָߵһˮ̾ͻû깤ĵµ·˵·ֱǰ塣вʮǳڡѾˣҪöƴ򿪡

˳ڣЩ׷ȥô죿ģҲãЩȫųȥձĲӺһˡ
Ҷһӻˮ˵


441
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ҽӻֻܴںڰ֮СҽʦռдˣһֱڵЩȻ۾ȴийϵͳʮ־ߡǾ͸˵еѪһǲұ¶ġ
ҸɣĻͦ档
Ҷ˵ץϼֻúڲˣϺȥչ϶ȫ¸¡

һ˷ۡ
ǹ˼һ£˵ҾӦ÷ڱ׶԰һЩϾչе㲻ʡ

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ʱȻһЦ˵ĺëˢһֲֿģĹЦ
ҶһѴǹùѻǹϸĹ۲šɫľѻҹӾֻһȺ׷Źαڻ֮ʲôûСϸѰǸЦĹȻ˼ֻſαڻϵĹֺɽһİˡͬʱŹ³Լܰͷ
Сģ
Ҷһ
ѾˣɫӰںڰкϢĴӹ̽˹˲ס˵壬һסǸ͵İǴӳ˳ȥСţС͵֣һз̫ͻȻˣٶ̫ˣһץ˸ա˲û˺ڰ֮УвŴǵĽк
Ҹɣ
Ҷһųš
ȻЦҶϾ˾ѻǹ۲⡣˱ߵ˲ûһʼʳǱĽʵʵģһȺѸٵû˺ڰ֮С
Ц˵ʱֵ鷢ˡеĹﶼ˳һ㣬ںڰпٵʧˡ
֨һͣסˡСͷҶ㣬üͷʵô죿
е˶ڿҶ㣬ڵȴѾԶȥˣߣ
Ҷݺݵһȭλϣģǣ
ҽɫص˵˾˵ûղǸЦӦһָ﷢ġеİ˶ˡ̵ֵﲻĶЦһֵ﷢սָ
˶ҽĻȻˡڸսʱ򣬾ЦȻ⵽αڻĹЦֳˣЩ˴ץߵʿˡѵ˵
ɺеļµĺڰﾹȻô̵ֱֲ̫ˣ
е˶ڿҶ㣬ܼ򵥣ô죬ߣ
Ҷÿ˵ѲһȦЩ˵ͬмᶨ¸ңηзŭп־壬ųоšҶͷ˵֪λ뾡뿪طھǰǣǵֵܱ°ˡҡ޷ǣЩ°ȥȻ֪һȦףȴûѡ񡣡
Ҷ㣡
ǵıЩŭҵ£Ҳ֪ǸñһΣֵطȥ޻صİ
ǵҲҪҲĿԼֵܼȣ
ž
ǸҶݺݵһȭŭĺ˾ѾûĿˣ㻹ҪðΣȥǣڵŴ߳ȥ˼û֪꣡ԼøʲôϲֵˣͲһ٣
˵û
ҶĨһ´ߵѪӭǷŭĿ˵ȷϲֵˣ˾ֻһͷβǣͬˣ磡
ˡǰˣᶨվš飬壬ԣᶨĶһ㣡
еˣˡǵ·ĳ𺳵ݺݵײˡ
ֻҪһ˿ϣҾ;ԲǣȻȥƴһҲҪ᳹ף
ҶеҲǿÿ˶ٴȥֵǣҶǷһţҲỹǡȥֵܣֻڳСʱʱ䣬ǻСʱ֮ǻûǾͿӳ
˾
ǵ沿ⶼڲͣĳ鴤һľˣҡǷˣҸȥ
̿ͣǹǣСȫվһԵеʣ910ӵÿ˶ѡ˹᳹Լ
ÿ˶վǶηľȾһ̣ǵսǼᶨģǵ޾ġ
ãֵǣллˡ
ҶᶨĿÿһˣ֪Ƕ˱ǵءʯͷߣᣬЩ˱
Ϊʲô
᲻ʵϵˣΪʲôҪ
ΪŮˡʧȥǵ޷ܡ
Ҷ˵
˵ʲôȻֱ졣û˵ΪҶ˵ʮȷ
ʮȫװһҩ˳Ѹٵʧ˺ڰ֮С
ʯͷλϣʶԼϵĹᴩˣȻε̾˿Ҳٳһ£ַɱ??Ѿļٲǹˡ
˾˵ƽĹ𣿡
߿һƬʵҽѾϵһʱȬȬˣԺҲҪġ
Ҷſ񱩵ѪҺһ֪ʲôʱ緢Ļɽʱ侲Ŀ£һҲòϣһľˣľܹ˸޾ĳ
ʯͷ̾ȷܹƽΪҶ㣬ˣɢŵ
ʮҹǵʿһĸ˳˵ĵѸٵǰ˳صķģȥһвҪĸأ˳ǹǹдĵҩסÿ˶ЯѸ񶷾˱ˮѪս׼
һ̣ɫת˹ΪģĲյĵ
Ҷ֧СѭŰ˵ĳ˺ۼĸţ׷Ȯһ㣬ķ񱼡׷˽ӺڿӰֻαڻӿŽһӴĽڡ
ҶһֹͣǰơϸĹ۲ǰʮ״һƬĽɻı鿴˿ҽҽ۲һᣬ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ҶõȷеĴ𰸣Ǹռᵽĵʵҡ
ϳˡ
пֲĵĻءĨȴʧ˵ĵط
Ҷǰָ̽˹ȥǸ˼ǡǱȥܡɱ׷٣ǱЩֲӺװӿмִ֡ʱ֪ǱκҪԱ͸̴ֵլۡһذ׻ǽʾ˿ͽİĿɱȻٴݵ뿪ֳһ˿ĸϲѪծۣϰС裬ִ֪йܰɱ񣬲Żһ910ơĴºš
Ǳ°ϳжǵһΣ붼˾﷢顣Щ˾ԲͬںڰǲҪȴ쳣ԼԿϸ΢зӦ
Ҷƣʮ˷ֳ飬ĳǰ˹ȥ
žʵԽԽҶ۾ɫҹҰʵҵڴͣǻαڻζĸһ㣡
ģﶫǳɾˡҶﰵ룬֪ſھ䣬ȷʵżΪĸ


442
Ҷͷεơҵ˵ͷѸٵΧĺڰС
С
ڰв֪ʲôطһĦ졣ſǻļαڻеĽһҡԴѭ˹
С
ĦڲԶһ¡һαڻ͵͵˻һ·֪ʲôѰϢļ˾壬˹ȥ
ҶӺŵĸһֻˣľԽԽжèһݣֻαڻȫûзΣϮھ벻һ׵ʱҶȻαǯһݺݵĶסֻαڻĺ
ֻαڻſ˴죬һ뷭˳˻УǺܱҶĴֺݺݵסˣֻڿûзһ̧ԼצӣͻȻֵĿݺݵץ˹ȥǻûȻӳһ֧̾ʹŵĿкݺݵĴ룬һ°Դͱ˸Դ
ɫѪҺԽ˳͸Ĵ̷ضǡƻ˷񾭵αڻ̲ʪƵĵȥͬʱֻҲֱĵıǹǣСɵˡ
Ҷ㿴űˢˢ˰ԴαڻĶСһĴָ˼˵УѾĹݡС˦˦ͷô˵յģԽսϵ˸ڵʱַݶˡ
벿ӲʱҶˣҵľΪʲô˵ľй½Ϊ̸أʿ˵Ļһ̫ǿˡ
ڸѾϡҶ´Ǳ
жӰѸٵǱʵڣϢߡҶ΢ɨӹȥʵҵĴ滮Ѿ۵ס֪ʵҶʲôĹģ˽ʵҿǹġмһ߰İڷһЩӴʵ˸еֵǣһ˶
ûκĿ֡Ҷое֡һɢѰҵƣ˷ֱǰ󷽺ҷݵ˹ȥ
ҶСĵѰţеʱ״̬̤뵽ﶼѾʮֵľ񡣱Ͼǹϳ֪ﻹʲôֵĶҶţȻͣס壬һ㵵ı顣ǰһתΣһ˱
ûҶϸĹ۲һ飬Ǵŵ·ıӰһ࣡
ѵ棿ҶеĻǹָɵ࣬Ŀ˸С׼ʱйҶ㽥ߵ˲׵ľ룬ӰţһҲ
ѵǵõĹ壿ҶԼ뷨ʶԼ̫רҵˡȻ̱ȽϸߵģûнܹѵͻôӵĻءӦþһ֪ΪʲôࡣҶǹָƵǰ
˵ʹͷһҲҶǹܶס°ͣСȻһۣʱһ
ŵſն죬źǸɱѾûһ˿ˮ֣ͷϵĿƤһ㡣¶ֻҲǸɰͰ͵ͬɵļצһˣľһ߸ʬ
˵ֲ̫ˣҶתͷȥٿڶۡҽʲô߹ȥĲ·ǰıʶϵĻҳ¶һӢɳ-¡
ԭ߸ʬǻ£Ҷ㲻ŵԼ۾ռ֪Ѿʧˣû뵽ȴһ߸ʬɻĿ˿ҽ
ҽϵıǾɥԼż˸ʬ˭ﶼùĸŻûһ˿ˮޱȽӲ壬˵ѹӹŵʱ򣬺Ȼоʲôָһ
ҽϽ⿪˻µ·¶ǸɱѾȥš˿֮󣬶һ
¸ʬϣһȭͷСĺڶ滹иɺ˵ĺɫѪԣеѪҺˮ֣ͨڶ˳ȥ
Ѫ
ڵһʱҶð˳ͷԼ뷨ûѪ˵ʹ??ôһڶԵĲѪ硣
˿Ѫ˼ʱҶ˵Ϊʲô??ôһѪϵ·ȴû˿𣿡
֪
ҽС˵֪ԭ򡣻´ЩˣЩǱʶа˸סػʵʧԺЩĳԭѪҺˮݣȻָƽʱʵﴩŵĹϣܹԶڰ硣
ҶϸһŷֻϴŵĲսʵĹʱһ񺮴˵ļǡ̫̬ˡ
ѵЩѾʶУҶǲԸǰʵ
߰ɣ˾
ҽҶڴķ㶺ʲôСѵ
Ҷǿа˼˻˵ͷ˵ߣ
֧Сټʵ𽥵ķɢˡҶ㲻ͨѶ磬ͻȻЩֻĬĬ˲Ҫʲô¡
ֽһտķ䣬ʲôûз֡Ȼ顱һ΢죬СŲСһǸװҺҡҡλεľʹʵ̨СŴһæȥѾˣ˸գǸƿһСĲѾʵ̨ϵȥ
⣡Сﰵһ¿ˣͱ¨ˡѾ˶׼죬ǵ˰ҲûСŵͷһҶ㲻֪ʲôʱܵĽűߣǸصʱһѽסˡ
е˶һҶСıǸ·Żʵ̨ϣҲһաͰѹȫˡհŻʵ̨Ͼɫ䣬ͷŤ˹ȥ죬ɫȿֲֶġ
Сţ̿ͺͶҽе棬ҲſϽǰȥһ֮£ҲʱһɺⷺԼֱ¡
˶ĲװҺ壬Һһ͵ķ׵̥̥ͬӤС΢΢۾ȴѾڵֻڲıϣԿͬڻһ·͹ͼָס沿ЦЦ˵ֲ
ʲô
ҶǿŶ˵
ҽǿԼϸĹ۲һᣬüͷС˵ֲαڻ̥Щձʱӵġ
Ҷ㿴Ը⿴ֵһۣǶ𣿡
ҽڲĦţͼ̥ûзӦȻϣָڲϴ𶯣αڻ̥Ȼ˶Сצӡ
հ
Ҷ㿴һĻĵļֱҪ³ˣ⾹Ȼǻġ̫ˡ
ǻģ̥ҺԴܶꡣ
ҽֵҡҡͷǲ֪Ϊʲôһֱûзʼմ״̬
ˣ˵ˡһƤˡ
Сֻһ۾ͶĵĲˣ۸Ͻⷿȥɡ
ҶСӴʵҵķ߳ʱ򣬺ȻĵطһǹĶԱѾЩαڻ˻𡣼ȻѾ¶Ŀ꣬Ҳ˲ôˡҶͨѶʲô
˾ұߵһܵ˹չ
ǵҶͨͨѶ´ȫԱٸϵսص㣡
Ҷĸ˶ӸϵǹĵصʱǶ˲侪ˡһӴʵܵģǽģݶģȫαڻ


443
ĸʱҲϵ˵طһĻԿá׳۲ҶġݵĳʱҲǾˡǹǣССĸЩµƵ˷Ľŵκͼʵ̨չҵķ
죡𣡡
Ҷ䷢ȥһӵ׼Ĵ򶼸׼αڻȴʱڻվ˻Ҫܼ񶼾һϴƵġŻĲͣɨ䣬Щ˻žͱ䷭ڵأȻűĹȳ⽴
ǹʵҵĽﱾѾѹסˣڵõ˻֧ԮΣһɵʿ񣬶ųǹһ󲻼ϵĻɨ䡣ӳȥһֻˡ顱һ죬ը˶ʮֻαڻ
Ҳ˼ףըЩǺ̻ƵҷɡСļŸ߱ȼյҲ˳ȥžҵıըʱȼһƬ𺣣յЩαڻһ֨ҽС
ǣȥɣ
Ҷеͨûǹ쾡µ֮أӵƳɱͬˮһйܼĻߺոһһ̱֮һŵѪ⡣ٸǿȵĻܵõ˺֡ڶαڻСĿռУһʱ侹Ȼʮ֧ǿĻѹ̧ͷ
ۿӵԽԽ٣Ҷǹĸ˸ǿ뿪
뿪
ǹҶ󺰵°ߵֵܣʵҵ棡
ǹҶ󺰵°ߵֵܣʵҵ棡
Ҷʵǻ𣿡
ǵģţ
õ˿϶Ĵ𸴺ҶҧҧȻˣֵǣǳȥ
ʮߺһеŽӵĵ﷢˲ҵĳ
ա
ʮҵŭ𣬿бĺɫѪҺĭͺʱȼŵ̻һ㣬˷ò֡ҶȿŴǹ˽ȥαڻмɱһѪ·
ȫҶ˹ȥҪͻһ߽ʱЩʮķƴӿҲͨҶһҹ
еͨûǹ֮ͬһŭ𣬴ЩĹ
ӵİ˱ʮ֮нһ˻ŷϡЩѾȥĻ˻ûģͳͳͬĽ±ȳ⽴ҶеĻǹҩѾ꣬һѶ˴ǹϰγṇ̀ҿľɱ˽ȥ
αڻһ߳ʱŷһķ䡣ڷŵʵ豸ʵӦʵһʵ鷿䡣ŶԱ嵽ʱ򣬺ͱЩαڻһЩֲĵ˻
еĶԱ˾ǹΪҩѾĽˡЩӷӵϵαڻʱжԱɱۣǱɱ̶ȵͷ˳ЩϿѵսڰĵһȺչⲫɱ
˾
˳ǹĺҶ̧ͷȥ˴ΪΪֲһĻ
һߵʵ̨ϣҪȵԱϲһĳʯͷĽʵʵëֵİ˰һԱ̧ʱ˳ŷһֻԹ
ֻߵ壬ӷǽζ֪Ļ϶Ϊһϸ۲죬ȴ첲һſֲ
Ҹɣʲô۶ӣ
Ҷ̧ǹͳֻ??ӵ޵ǹӵǴϺ޷Ӧûκ˺ǸĴûҶһۣĹΪȻߵʵ̨ϣűֻë˾һԱԼβͣȻԱ??źݺݵĴȥ
˵
Ҷŭգž̾ҪȥʮֻαڻӭͷϡǸβ**??ŵĶԱ嶼ͦͽ͵ſԼͣȴһϺϵƤԼ嶼ѸٵĸɱȥȫѪҺˮֶˡǸ߰΢΢ı˫ۣһģ
߰ӵʱ䣬ǸԱͱ׳һ߸ʬһ±ӵ˵ϣ??һڰСĺڶǼĻµʬһģһֻ߹ŰԼβ쵽һʵ豸棬һɺɫѪǸ豸͸˳ȥ
Ȼ˶еȿֲ鷢ˡЩ͸ʵеĲÿǸղżһҺһ͵ķ׵αڻ̥ѪҺ˳ŵܽ뵽Щʱ򣬺ЩҺ˾ҵĻѧӦͣķŰɫĭϾͱαڻ̥ˣѸٵǴ󣬿ʼڲצ
ˣԭҪѪҺܼ
һĻĶҽ죬ֹǣİ̥
ڶҽ˵ʱЩѾǴαڻ̥׷װԼĲˣһŸոֲҺԾų˹ʱֻȩ̈һԱ׼ΪѪҺġԴҲҪֹǣҶʮαڻֱӳ˹ȥ
˾
ҶǸԱ΢ĺǷʱֻͱȽСĸմαڻҶǰſǼĴҧ˹
ȥģ
Ҷ̧־䣬СͷϡáһԾϣžҪ̽??ڵβ;Ǻݺݵһţ
飡
һ죬һ˸ţѥϵĻŸְ弫Ӳɳһߵβ˳ȥʱֻë˷˻һͺ˼ϵһȻѸ͵ĳҶ
Ҷûëļһֱӳ˹ȥִһ½ߵĿֲʵ̨ϣ̳ĺݺݵͱȥ
ꡱһ̺谭Ĵ̴߹ĺͳһɺɫѪҺҶ̰γֺ̣ݺݵĿͱ˼£ӶͱϡáŴһ߹ͷק
ಡ
ûͷһ¾˹ʵʵĲҶϡ
ûͷѸٵľʵʵĲҶϡһǿĽɱյʱֻëİҲѾ˹ſ˼ĳ졣ͨҹҶ㿴ֻͷϵģ˵˵ʣ
֨໡
Ĵ죬ޱĳҶ˹ȥҶеֻ첲ߵģ
ҶѾܿĲ룡
ಡһһ˦ݺݵһϣһ°ƷڵءһһСѾ˹һͷϡֻ֨ۡһ͵شһһֻѸٵˣͬʱһЦ
ģԭЦֻ󷢳ģС裬׷ȥ
СҪȥЩܵЦָӵαڻͬˮһűҶ˹Сȥ׷ֻ󣬴Լһһ߻ӳѲҶӿء
죬뿪ط
СȵֱһŵĶԱͳ˳ȥҶҲѷ˼ϣ˺ҿ뿪


444
˱ߴ߳ǹӵҲˡֻеľЩչⲫһֻδɽſһֻαڻϣ͵͵Ǳ˹Ȼ䳯Ҷͬһͷ
ⲫսб񾭸߶еҶѾ˺Ϯһͷ˹ȥҶһѽסڲͷһȻֻδɽ׸˹
ᡭ
̵Ĵ̷δɽ׺ıϣһǡҶ㲻ſڴȥģĿǱǻӲ
ͷͷ
ǹǵһδɽױѻӵԴ
ҶҪͷϿȥͷѾٵ˻Ӳ֮ڡҶһ̤ӲǣһֻקͷʹһȻδɽ׵Դӿ˳

Ҷ䣬Ĵ̷ĲӻһȭͷСѪӣֻʣһƤˡ
ڱˣȫǹߣ
һ֣ȫұߵʵ˹ȥֻ˻Ž׷ᣬһȺ׷һȺɽ
Ĺȫӿ˹׽һеĵҩѾȫ꣬ÿ˵ֻʣһѾӵαڻƵΣʱ
һȳĶԱָұߵһʵ˵Ǳ°ʱЩͱܿ䣬ﾭ
仰ҶʱԼͬ뵽һֹ磿
ѵǼʵлռᵽģЩﻥ˺ҧķֹ磿
ϣˡҶȥ
˲ţſʵʵʵе֧ɢԼʵ̨ϡɵˣ֧ǡֹ磿
ңһ鶯ң
Ҷ´ԭʼҲֱӵ
αڻǷǳηģʱۿֵ˽ȥҲ˲ôˡһȿֺ˽
Ҷ̧һʵ̨εĶ˲ſڣĶŲЩαڻЩαڻԽԽײʵ̨ͣġۡ졣Ҷоʵסˣʵҵû
˺ͷҲ̧æµѰңܵ˿ˡ
ôһ֧ǡֹ磿
ֹ֧絽׳ɶ
ҽ㿴
Сֵ˹ȥһ֧񵽵ĻɫĶɫģֻ֧ǻɫġ
ҽӹһƣͨҹǿĿ֧ɫӡһӢĸTOPREVENTĴһҵˣ
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Ҷ˿ϾҪסˣ취Щ??룡
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ǬǬѾⳡսֵۡǣٸǬǬʻǬǬܵǿĹɣ

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ˡֹ硱αڻһսһ㣬ŶѾȱȫСſѪڣҧѪ׷ɡ

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446 ͳ
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϶һ㵭ҶӷˣҲβӴҶĶҲԽԽˣỬ˸ŪŪΡ
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˵Ҷ㣬㲻󡭡㲻ҪššҪ
ʱҶҲޱȼƫͷڿĶʡ󶯲ֻҶһִֻԼλֱԼĴȸԼŮ˵˽Լϡ


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ҶһֻεǷ鷿ŪѾͦͷҶַųǳŵشѾǺʪˣҶоѾ׼ˣóش˫Σ˫ŷԼϣĦţʪܵģ̲סޡ ţ鲻Խг󽿴Ҷ㡭šҶ㲻ܲˡš
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Ữбп飬С췢šŵ
ջţҶԼشֲÿֻˮ۶Ҷ㣬Ҷ㣺ɣɡ
ҶݺݵĶѨһǿƺҶĶҶЦҶɵ֪ԹҶĻҶһġ
Ҷ˵ţ˱ķ飬˱ͦͷзᷢ͵ĸоز§һֻ飬š
ڸо͵ʱҶһӰܵǰԼϹûиУΪѾʪһӲ嵽ļĳܵĸо鲻Խţš̡ȡ
ҶŪ嶯ѨоԽǿңֻеҶǿԽԽ󣬸оһεĸоֱԶһƬհף˼룬ֻеһдȫԼͷͣаҺѾ˳ҶȣεĴ̺ǡ
ҶҲоԽԽʪ˷֮ʱһ˱ԼĸоŮнѨģҶ֪ľһѨѨ˷ܵʱ򣬺Сһ˱˵ҶеԽ˷ܣ鶯Ƶʼӿ죬Ҷ֪츾һθܴ߳ﵽģҪݺݵййģйΪĶ
ҶţҲţ𣬺㣬Ҷÿ춼òã
סһֻ˶鷿ԽԽˣе鷿Ҷȵ촽סɲǣš
˳˲оԼӲӲضҶĿУƺӭҶŪȫ㴫飬ֱ˫ȼ
ҶооεƵԽԽ죬֪Ҫйˣ֪ôйһҪ󳹵׶䣬Ҫﵽ߳ʱ򣬰Ѩ󰡵һѨмȿ飬ּﵽ߳˲ʧȥĸо
Ҷ㿴һۣȥᣬ ҶЦŵ󣬳ҹе㷢˽ˣйĻᡣ
׵ӣҶ㷢Цá徹˷ۣҶҲ˷ܣһݺŪġ
Ҷְǿ˫ȣȫչ¶Ҷǰ
һ˫۰׵ȣԲ̵ͦΣȽ紦һϸ죬ëҶ㴹Σ̾ǻȿ廹ջᣬΪƷ츾Ŀѣԡ
һ˿ҵ壬Ǹͦ鷿ǰŵɫ٣ֻк춹СܱߵһȦΣֳŮķۺɫϸֻһգԵСɣҶӲͦ
˫ϵͷѾͦκȣһŲʳ˼̻ʥسëѩ׾ӨĴȼƮһϢڷУһʮ˼
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ҶŮϢ硢졢壬۾¶쳣Ĺͬʱ̾áʵ̫ˣ
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Ҷ׽ŪԾ壬ëڸǵѨȻվץס̧Ҷ㽫촽Ͽʼʹץסǰ飬ʼ꣬һִյͷһҧ򣬻ͷԼӹеķӦʪĻеȵĿ飬뿹ӭҶİ
Ҷ㵱Ȼ޴֪ͣһͷϣŪͬʱָߣβȻָŪʱõһ㣬Ѿ޷ѣŤѨ壬׵߳ܣȥӭҶŪܸԼΡ
ĿϴȫвԽһáҲˡ
ʱͷͻȻǿҵʹУԭҶҧԼǲͷͷʹмֱ裬˵ĸо췢ûزʶӱܣӭϣѾҶסֻҶڲˡ
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ʱ׻һٵĶݷɵ˾⣬Ҷͷ㴽Խ͸߳ĿͻȻҪֹͣԼڴϣѲֱλӣáɣϡ
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ָһ£ҶȻֱѨĵģҶĺͷҲһ
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ǣҶ۾ٳ壬δγѨڣִδζѨףȴִ󡣼ٴγ룬ԭ˽Уѻ޺ǹˬ˾ֱûмСʱǰģҶ½߾ȽסҶΣڶͦۿӭϣл
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ҪййˡҶ㣬Ҫˡ
ҶͻȻһϣͷӹڣݴֱҧסͦϡѨͻؽӹڹβסҶ˶ͷҶо˳ͷؽͷСѨֻֻĵͷһǿǹ黶ֱĿ
شһ˶ƺƮƮķȻ̱Ŀɬԡ
ߺСִҶţصСʧ٣޵ˡ
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Ҷ͵سţƽʱׯĵѾҶķȥˣʵһĳѽ
Ҷ˫ֺȻץסԲҶϣرסҶ˫,§ҶĲӡ
Ҷͦӣζβҳ塣β˶оԼĻҶҵĳ壬ʱĸо
عҶĲϣٰ㽫ͦεȫҶϣ
ؽţѨƺܲҶһ±һ¸Ĵ룬ԲĴȽסҶΣ޳СֺҪýֺƴץס̺
СķֻĽҵϢ飬ȫ˵ԼڷȫѪҺڷڣһǿǿҵĿҶײҪѰһйĳڡ
Ҷ˿ϸеױȵĿкʹ̼һͦ˫׶ԲԸеβʱľĦ۵ľ޴С
Ҷ㣬ðҶ㣬ĺ
ͣؽţһ˸߹һˣ󡰰
شһͷҶǰ˫һͼУһˮ˲˷ŵĵط䴲ϣִﵽһθ߳ҶȻڴϣʮȣҳ貿ӲȻٽʪ͸ĹȣȻƺ̴ִ󸹲ĸоײӹͬʱҲܵޱȵãʹ߳ĸңسˢȫ
Ҷ㣬ҪˣҪ˰
ڱҶ㰴ѹڴϷݳײͬʱǼҺԴԴϵӿտյķȫ˷ĴϢ
ҶоⶴһľΣͷҲԵǴ࣬ҶرԲβ貿һͻȻسȥȻǿ̴սڣֱײھγ鴤ӹϣδβ嵽ŻģĸоʵܣУ˽첻֪ڼεľ߳˲ӣţ죬˫§ҶĲӹһǿҵǻڵҲ䶯ҧҶͷɵİҺٴӿ˳Ҷͷ̵ůȺġ
૽еҪˡšˡ


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Ҷйķ˫ۿҪγˮ󼤷ҶеԼȫİҺҶ˸аͷ,ΪԼūǾÿ쳢ˣҪ㣬벻Լ
ҶĶҶˬˬ㿴̺ʪˣİҺడҶԺÿҪԡ
૽Ҷ㣬ǲģĺ
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Ҷע̬ȵת䣬󣬿ҶҶҲҪˣָƲҶҪͷСѨˡ

ôûôĶСܽܵ𣿡
϶еģС
ҶаЦţһһĶ䡱ſС죬ҶľסҶͷҶоԼľůĻˡŶľ޴һһ߽󣺡ԣ󣬺׶СѨһ
ŶҪݣʹģԣšС׶˱ȻҶͷš󡭡ԡСҶľˬš͡ҶҪˡ㡣
ҶоԼԽԽȻΪ£ǰǲģУҲоԼ䣬ֶģԼĶԽԽоҶľĸӲִˣΪҶйӿС鶯ԼҺ㴽ĳ鶯£˵ֶҶͷȦȦĥҶĥ
Ҷоһɾ޴ˬֱԶȻ󴫵ȫůСУܵɵֱֲ࣬˼Ҷ˫ֽ§ͷ󣬿૵󡭡šҶĺûôššášҶÿ֡

ˬԽԽǿҶ֪Լʱ侫ôõʱ⣬ôôȹҶ룬ԼİӣĳɻĿҶһۣҶ˵ҶôҶҲҪرǻʽ
˵ţĽֱڴϣԼ˫ȷֿ˫࣬ѾŵӣߣԼ泯²˫ַȣͷ˵Ѿǻûиɹ̵񹵣ֻҶͷʱ񹵣ʱѾ͹񶹣΢΢鲻Խšš
󽿴ͬʱҶǿӲѾߣҶΪ󣬰Լ˳ĥ˶£ԼˬˣҶ㰡ҶܺóԵġ
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ʱҶһ߱ϢššһͷͷԼѨгţϢǷۺľջȫȣ̧ӭҶ㣬Ҷܸ룬İҺҶĳ壬˳ͷΣջʪ͸̺˫ֽ§ҶݣȫйҶϡ
ĸŪҶҲӭ󣬶ϾǵһСΪ˷񣬸оԽԽ飬ԽԽе³ҶҶ㣬ôûгˣѾʧȥ֪ˣɣ
Ҷ̧ͷЦţѾˬˣҶ㵱ȻҲҪˬˣС첻ˣһطҶ㰡
󽿹ֵС󣬻Ǹط㰡
Ҷʱ˵ͷȥһֻ֣˳񹵻£һƬҺľջŪţŤΣҶָ
ҶôѣٵͷסѨĦΪ緢͹񶹣ͣҶָĸŪһҪйĸо
ššҶ㡭ŮҪˡйˡҪйˡ
Ž
ֻһõĽӷҺ죬ʹȫ˫ֽ§Ҷ㣬μͦҺȪһ緢ȫҶС
ҶŴʱйȫ̧ΣЦ˵Ů˳ѨС죬ľջ㣬Ҷ֪ľջûбùҶҪռľջ
˵ţҶžջһͦΪջѾҺ,ټҶָĸŪҶ˳ĽľջҶ㴭ϢľջխýеҶΪĵһΡšҶҶ㡭ﲻСʹҪѿˡʹ㡭γɡҶʱǹģѨһһҪģտʼеʹ¾ˬˣˬ㡱ʱȫֻҶڲҶָŪѨѨİҺȫŪľջҺ˳ҶľջľջԽԽ˳Ҷܰľջ
󾭹Ҷ㳤ʱĳ壬ջеʹԽԽᣬһ˵ĸоϮֻеָоܹ֣ǺͬѨеĳ壬һѹȸУ鲻ԽšššԶͦΣӭҶ
Ҷ֪ʱѾе˫ֽϸӿĳ鶯һѹȸУһУӹͷ룬ֱҶȫ
ҶʱҲʶ״ֻ̬֪ƴͦ룬룬к󡭡ľջҺýšҶҪйˡҪйˡ
ҶͦƮƮĸоһйĸоһֻ鲻Խ쵽ԼѨϣָѨнšҲҪˡšҪˡҪˡšҪˡͽ㡭ٿ㡭һĽҶóһδβ嵽룬ֻһֱԶһһɹɾҺ͸ҶĹͷֱջ룬ȫоɾҺԼϣȫůȺġ


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ֻҲȥˡôášûôǰ׻ˡš
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ҶȾҺȫ꣬Ѳеڴϣѻڻζ§ڻУĶʵҶ𣿡
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Ҷ룺ѾӲˣԺеǣԼͷŹˡ
Ҷ˵ðɣǽŮ˯ˡ
ߵһΪ͸֧硣
ҶɹռȫԺ󳢵˴ƮƮɵζѶ֮УҶ˽ƷֻҪҶһܰҹͿԵͳƸꡣ
ϴ裬ԼĽԼеˣָԼѨë΢ʹиепʼĸоˮҲָָʱһˮøˣֵĶԽԽ죬ָѹڴת˿е𽥿ʼ䶯ĸоԽԽǿԼָٵس鶯ʹˮУԿĸоԼˮ硣ˮѿʼˣȴȣȻָĶѵޣˮǣҶĸоȴǲһ㡣۾Ȳİ£ѹס˴궯ָ鶯ԼѨͷҲΪķ̫ʹúѣЩûио̵ĺˮ޿ɵ볢ҶǾĿأֻԼ硣ˣһ㣡䶯һ𶯵徭áҪ㡭Ҷ㡭ҡ죡죡มҡมҪˡ
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ӽ˱ʹСļһ˶󡣡ӴܲˡมˬҪˡ
³˼ͣҶ͸̵ľҺ˲ӹͷֱй󷺺Ỻʵѩ׵鹵
ʿܵϾʹ׷ŹᣬղԼǵɧѨҶɣס侫´ļ˱һͽ˱üٲὫҶ㰴ڴϣͽô桭ǿ
˵Ҷ࣬߾ٷΣˮʪɧѨҶǸִִļϣѩ׵Ĵƨ̧ѴͷȼĴȥ
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ӴСᡭ㡭ٵ󡭡ͷ֡ˡġ׸硭硭šˬ嵽ġˡ
ץҶļԭҶ˷ܵô˾ѩ׼ʺָۡҶааһЦӷķζ󶯣ƨ˾ʶţĶɵöҪˣҵزţţͽˡաСҡСˡҪˡҪ
û˵꣬һηĶ룬ͷ¶ӹһǿҵĿʹ˰Ե״̬ӣСţ⻬۵岻סس鴤š
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˵գĻͬӤС죬ŹͷƬҲһһҧһˮ˳̵ҶĹͷһ飬һ̱§Ҷ㵹СҶȻû䣬ѾǳˬˣǽȻͦļͳбڴϣ㺹Ľ§ڻУţĽա
ϢͽԽİָرĸҶ壺ѽСôӲ
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ЦСŪҶļͣʵңͼŮ
ҵһŮ˰
˭㳤ôҵļ͵ĺܣһκòãԺʱҾͽ󡭡
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󱳺Сķϣһְƨϣһַżʹ²Ƿۺ콿ŮɧССѨУ˳ˮŪ
ˬС㡭󡭡󡭡
еһʼͣšáͽ硭㡭ġúóʵš
󡭡˵ҵʲὫʲᡭû
ҶⶺҼӿ͡
С 㡭С÷֪á
󡭡˵㲻˵ҾͲˡ
˵Ҷͣ
ѽû˼ҡ˵ġ͡ô֡. СѨġ㲻ҪͣҪ㡭塭СѨ
ҶӷĸʱֱӲСѨʱڶβתתСѨҲʱŤŴƨһŤƨɣһ˵硭ŶС㡭ᡭˡɵá󡭡ˡ
Ҷǿֱĳ壬ÿһֱͦǴͷصײӹϣòŸ߰ĺУʱô󺰵ҡѨҰ
ͬʱˮԴԴϵؿйţҶ˳ʵ棬䵽ϣе˳ŴڲŵϥȥС㡭ĺô󡭡ô󰡡󡭡Ҫˡˬˡมˡ˰󡭡ˡ
ҶſıϣͬʱҲ鷿ִꡢģһֻеĵطŪ
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Ҷ㱻§ýģѹŷʴ鷿ۡࡢȺģڽСѨͳݲ塢ԽԽʱŻģÿβٵ׾ĥ²ų
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ҵĺϹ󡭡Ҫˡͽٿ졭졭Ҫййˡ
Ҷ̺죬ѾСѨˮֱðҲﻹƵƵУҵ簡ұˡͽʹҪˡСҰɡˡ
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ҶӦһϲһͦ룬ֱﻨġ


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һֺܵǿҶУҶѾҶԸҶҪúñˣࡱ˵һ߿ͦһְķŪš
¶㣬ͷӲͦѾ֮УС㡭󡭡㡭š㡭ҪйˡҪйҶˡ
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Ҷ˲סӹڣ緢İҺȫҶĹͷϣҶ꣬Ҷ㺬סΪ߳࣬˱ĭ˫ḧΪ߳߾ٵ˫ȣζŸ߳Ϊ߳ŵֺţҲհ׵ĴΪ߳뿪
ҶѾй뿪ůҶɵ𣿡
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󾭹Ҷڴϵĵ̣Ѿĸǿķ߽Ů㣬壬ʱֶؿչ˰ɣһҪ㡢§ͷ鷿ܸСУ衭ŮҲ㡭ˡšǵŮš
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ʱҶ͵͵ϴץסΣмĦ£ȻſŰҺ˳Ŀ
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ʱ˵߰ͷתڿҶַԼΣԼгš磬⻵ԭ㰡
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ҶȰҺĽ࣬ͷһ飬־ĵ˱߳ѽӵֱоѨ͸ӹ
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˵Ҷְֽסƽ̹СҧſĶϸҪǿÿһ缡ѩ׽۵飬˵СѨ
ĵĶУҶҧͷ˱ŪһɧȫֱȥҪڶͷԶϮȴѾعͷ촽ӣز˱һǼ죬Ҷ»ɽ֮צĦķ鷿ҶԼκĹ֮丧ŪоԼӣѾѪ𣬸оԼŤӾ˺ҶĦĦÿ崺ĵ鲪ġ
ȻҶڳˡֺô̼
Ҷѿ屧ԼϣҶſεķ촽ҧſĶɫѾ̽ȹڣĦϿĴȺ˽ְϣ彿̸оҶָס͹֮Ĵ̼ץסҶĴ֣ٿ㡭ĿСѨ
ÿ壬㶼Ѿʪ͸ˣĿ壬ҺҶĿˣ
Ҷһ仰˵ÿӽޡ
һŪ˿壬ҪЦ壬ˣ
Ҷ㼸§תԼϣˣ˭ÿ?˵§סѩ׵ĲҶ˷ǣǿҵǣѸ͵ǣ˵ǣᵽҶֽ׳еζͷεģ鵴֪ʱƺʧȥ˼ά֪ѱҶ˫ߡʲôҲ룬ֻԼȫĵȥܡ١Ҷ촽ʵʱѿС඼ĿС
ߵգ嶼˷֮Уʧȥ֣һУһ˫ҲؽסҶʧȥҶһͬʱҲʹ˱ҶĴ 
Ҷͷ򴫳ӣУҵؽšŴ죬ʹҶøԽô̼ˣҲԼ۵СӭȥҶͷҶƶš˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㡣ĿͶң㣬á
ãҶ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼ޡһɿͨȫ巼ļ鲻ԽؽһҶ㣡
һ˫ϸ۵ֱ۽ҶĲӣ͵ذӣѹҶĴϿǡ촽󡢷󡢸ڵԣʱԵô顢ͶͼʣﴫġԼʺСҶҶ˱ਡҶ˱ȫšţŷ̵ķۼսţԳԵ۽ţֻĺ촽š
ʱӳˣ㷢˳Ⱦ֬糺죬˫ﺬΣ޵촽΢ĲϸźرͦΡ
ǰɫҶ㿴һɵٴνذѿڻҶ㱧㣬һſҷᷢһÿ履ͦĴԼؿڣͬʱʼ͵Ķƽ̹ĸ
ʱѾԣѾȹɢң̧ͷ˫·ҪγˮҶһСᣬȻǽεĵ˫ٴηϣسǣҶǵøӵᣬ´Ĵһ㡣
Ҷͷϸ⻬ľ˫¶ļҶĻͷС΢ţǰԲ˫ĺҶŪſ˿һļͣڿĺɫ˿ϣŪѾ͹ģ忪ʼؽҹ̣Ҷ˳˼ӱ㱳߸Ħƽ⿪ֵĴۣ˳ؽִǰǶԼͦѩ׸ʵ˫ͦĿУױ¶ҶǰֻҶͷ콫鷿Уȵ˱£˫类סҶͷϢ
ҶͷɫǵĿ鷿ɣ
˵굱ҶƺסǰǿȻȻġġӣҡʱҲ޷ƵͻȻ
ʧ˳
һԵǵĿУֱӿͷףϮ֫ٺ縡͹õĿжѡܽۼ̬֡ҶְťλɵһСɳ
Ҷ㣬˰˻ῴġ
Ҳ֪ԼھܾҶ㣬ϢŻ
ģÿ壬濴ģ
Ҷ㽫ŵϣѾĶȹϣɫԸڿ㣬ɫ˿࣬˫֮
ҶŪ˱ˮңһɽһޱȳĿзӿ֫ٺ˪ѩĽպϼ̬ⰻȻţ촽żٵشϢ˲еǳѡѾϰ߱ɷҶǣɷѾܾûԼˣоҶİ⣬źҶڼ뷢йе𣬿Ҷ£žȻѾɶֵкˡ
弸̱ؿҶѹѩ֮ϣķݵĦ
Ҷ㣬ҪҶÿúõɣ
оҶôôȣ
ӣ֮ʣһܰԿ巼ںǺֵģȺģֱ飬ԣ֮ǧ˳Ľ̬֮ҶͦԵأٸ塣
ˬþӨ糺һƬɫˣ΢ӣСֻţݺڶѩ׵ȽסҶͦڣлӭ
屻ײ÷ǧҡģɧױһԲһţ̬ϳʣ⾡к޽̴ۺҶҰ鶯ײ塣
ˬýѾƮƮɣ˵ĽݴⰻȻ˿ţҶ㡭ôôĺô󡭡̡Ҫйˡ
̾Ϣʾ壬ǳޱȣֻ̧ΣйȵİҺҶͷϣҶֻеһ飬Ҳբˮһкǧ̵Ľ˵̸ֳɾƵĳЦ͹㼡Ľ͸žӨĵ㺹һҲ
Ҷ㿴ǻ۵Ŀ壬Իſ嶯Ľ̫ǿˣ˰ɣ


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ҶҪͳڸ󣬰޵λڸ󳼺ڸԱҶ͵͵һһֺԼԵģȫϴ֮ǰҶҪҺ滻Щ˵š
ףʮ꣬ǰ޲˾˾
Ҷ㿪ʼӴףڵõ֮Ҷȡ
ҶŰףŮĸλԳķϣ͹ߺͱزۣ鷿ͦڱ·£ź΢΢زԼ͹ֵ״ԲһĻߣıڿȻƽ̹СͷΣŻٸζ͸κ죬ٸеģ˫ݷһˮһֵ΢ЦȥʵҪöࡣһߣ̾˵õ㷢͸ɫ˿޳ȣճߣ˵ĸоǼȷȳԸС޳ԲĴȼ䣬Լɼȹ°ɫڿùĹĵĸ˿һĻŵջ
̸֮¶ɫԵóۡ
Ӧý׽㣬ϸ˽һ±E600ͣҪ鷳Ŷ
ҶֺؿŰ׳Ծϲöе㽿ߵĿɰӣʳָ󶯡
ڼʻϣؽűE600͵ϸҶȴĲɵţ۾ȴʱŰ׵ĸİ鹵;ʱĲ͵Լɼѩ׻ԲĴȣȹ⣬ջǳ
ڿʲôأ
ڷҶĲɣ۾ȴɫضǰ˵鹵Цɬر˺츻ʿƻ
׽㣬̫ˣ˼˵㳵Ůڿ㳵Ů㳵мۣһŮȴѰ󣬺㣬޼֮
ľԸѧͻᣬ˵罭ˮ಻
ϲؽصһ۵ˣ㻹ЩȥƭЩģŮӰɣҶʮˣʲôѽ
˵˵ίԹֵ㵽ǿ佱һǷأС
Ծ³˳ȹȴ֪Ķӳջ롣
Ҷ̾˱ʹڣЩģŮȻҲȴഺɬ;׽ȴǳ˵⳵һǾӱʱ;۱⿴ͷߵҲҪҼͣŮҲҪͰ
׷ȻǻԣԼɷʹ˵ĻŮ˿佱΢
ţ糺죬ȴƶ죡Ҷ㵽ǿأ
ҶɫصЦ㳵ŮŮ㳵ศɣãұģȴ֪ʹҲŮĶ
ֵ˵ЩĻң㿴ɣУҶԸң
ȴεģѾֿ˻Ϊ˰㣬ҵȻԸ⣡׼ôлأ
Ҷķ㣬ѩ鹵
ģ˵ʲôͣ
Ըǩϲ񡣡
̲裬ҲԸ𣿡
Ҷٸߵģ̼
û뵽ֻҪ̲裬һת֮ûкɷ֮˵ЦʹɷҲ˵飬ɬΪ飬ֲ뷢صһֵҲǺˣСҿɲǩŮɣ
ԼôΪıȽ˧ΪΪƽ⣿
Ҷ㽥ϸûйֵҪֻǽһ£𣿡
ȴ˿Ըܾޱ૵˵Ҫֻһ°
Ѿִֺֺֽ̼΢Ŀо촽Ѿ㴽ǳǿǣģ׸оͷı̽ž࣬繲ʪѾ鲻Խ˱һһκɷ֮ǣ죬ϣ֮ѾǷݿֱѣɶֵȷǾѾ̼ôȶĹ֮Ѿеʪģ̫ˣ
оָȣæץסɫ֣ȴܻӭرִ̽ȹĦķԲĴȣİ꣬ɫ־Ȼֱ˽ܵ׿֮׾µץס֪Ѱʤʪɬֽؿԣ˵ֻǵģ
Ҷ̾һջɫֵðɣǻλ㳵ǲǱŮüʻ
ְעصϣſģȴЩʧ뿪ȥȴһ͹𣿺αȥأŮѽ
Ļ֮ŮһӲ̫⣬˰ɣҲŲʻأ߶˾
ǰŲȥȴⲻһƨϡԣҪȴ§סý㣬ԭϲʻǵ˾˾أ
ױ§ڻԼ֮䣬ãҪֵ棬Ƕ֮䣬΢оĦκĹȣĲҡ飬ԣԣ˵ֻѽ
Ҷ˫ֽסƽ̹СҧĶϸǰ˵ֻǣҪÿһ缡ѩ׽ֻۣҪܹһ׷Ҳ޺
׵ĶУҧͷ˱ŪһɧȫֱȥҪڶͷԶϮȴѾعͷ촽ӣز˱һǼ죬»ɽ֮צĦķ鷿ԼκĹ֮䣬оԼӣѾѪ𣬸оԼŤӾ˺ĦģĦѾĵ鲪ġ
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ҶŰεķ촽ҧĶɫѾ̽ȹĦķĴȺ˽ְϣ׽̸оָס͹֮ץסĴ֣ԣԣ
ý㣬㶼Ѿʪ͸ˣ
Ҷһ仰˵ð׸ӽޡ
˵ֻǵģſң
Ҷ㼸§תԼϣҵȻ˵㻰Ǿǣ
˵§סѩ׵Ĳ״ûϵܵǣ˷ǣǿҵǣѸ͵ǣ˵ǣᵽֽ׳еζͷεģ鵴֪ʱƺʧȥ˼ά֪ѱҶ˫ߡʲôҲ룬ֻԼȫĵȥܡ١촽ʵʱС඼ĿС
ߵգ嶼˷֮Уʧȥ֣һйǣһ˫ҲؽסʧȥһͬʱҲʹ˱Ĵ
Ҷͷ򴫳ӣУҵؽšŴ죬ʹø淢ô̼ˣҲԼ۵Сӭȥͷƶš˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㡣ĿͶң㣬á
׾ãҶ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼ޡһɿͨȫļ鲻ԽؽһҶ㣡
һ˫ϸ۵ֱ۽Ĳӣ͵ذӣѹĴϿǡ촽󡢷󡢸ڵԣʱԵô顢ͶͼʣﴫġԼʺС˱ਡ˱ȫšţŷ̵ķۼսţԳԵ۽ţֻĺ촽š
ʱ׵ӳˣ㷢˳Ⱦ֬糺죬˫ﺬΣ޵촽΢ĲϸźرͦΡ
ǰɫҶ㿴һɵٴνذѰڻ㣬һҷᷢһͦĴԼؿڣͬʱʼ͵Ķƽ̹ĸ
ʱѾԣѾȹɢң̧ͷ˫·ҪγˮҶһСᣬȻǽεĵ˫ٴηϣسǣҶǵøӵᣬ´Ĵһ㡣
ͷϸ⻬ľ˫¶ļĻͷС΢ţǰԲ˫ĺҶŪŰ˿һļͣĺɫ˿ϣŪѾ͹ģ׿ʼؽҹ̣Ҷ˳Ű׵㱳߸Ħƽ⿪ֵĴۣ˳ؽִǰǶԼͦѩ׸ʵ˫ͦĿУױ¶Ҷǰ׸Ҫ类ͷ콫鷿Уȵ˱£类סͷϢԣԵģ
Ҷͷɫ˵ֻǵģ
˵굱ҶƺסǰǿȻȻġġӣҡʱҲ޷ƵͻȻ
ʧ˳
һԵǵĿУֱӿͷףϮ֫ٺ縡͹õĿжѡܽۼ̬֡ҶְťλɵһСɳ
Ҷ㣬ԣ
Ҳ֪ԼھܾѣϢŻ
ģý㣬濴ģ
Ҷ㽫ŵϣѾĶȹϣɫԸڿ㣬ɫ˿࣬˫֮
׸ҶŪ˱ˮңһɽһޱȳĿзӿ֫ٺ˪ѩĽպϼ̬ⰻȻţ촽żٵشϢ˲еǳѡȻɷǣɷѾܾûԼˣžȻѾɶֵкˡ׼̱ؿҶѹѩ֮ϣķķݵĦ
ҪҪҶ㣬㲻ԵģҲܶԲɷ򣡡
ޱȿȴȴ޷ܾģô
ӣ֮ʣһܰںǺֵģȺģֱ飬ԣ֮ǧ˳Ľ̬֮ҶͦԵأŮٸ塣
ˬþӨ糺һƬɫˣ΢ӣСֻţݺڶѩ׵ȽסҶͦڣлӭ
ײ÷ǧҡģɧױһԲһţ̬ϳʣ⾡к޽̴ۺҶҰ鶯ײ塣
ˬýѾƮƮɣ˵ĽݴⰻȻ˿ţ
̾ϢʾǳޱȡҶһ飬բˮһкǧ̵Ľ˵̸ֳɾƵĳЦ͹㼡Ľ͸žӨĵ㺹һҲ
Ҷ㿴壬һʰ̲ס§סָסͦ壬ľУදһֺյķԲ鷿
״һʧؽеŶԣǲҪˣ
Ҷ㲻һס鷿һȣѾӲˡ
״ʧɫذ֣ǲҰɣѾԲҵɷˣѽ
Ҷ٣ȵɫ־ֱ̽ѾʪȵĹϣŤۿɫ֣
ּؽţóҪѽ
鱻Ҷ㸧һѣ֣꣬æңͬʱּԭʼΪɫѾڿˮŪʪˡͬʱͦɹӲȻҲͣͦȫ
׻૵֡԰
˵ʱҶɫѾ̽棬ĲŪŨܷӳĹĹϣָͬʱĻѾˮŪʪޱȡ
׿ŴȣذҶ㲻ҪټѾˣԡз֮
Ҷָܲ˵ز˰׵Ѩоڱһ䶯ָָͣѨпٵĳ壬ָײӹϣΪ֮ţһɹɵҺͣ˳
ǿҵĴ̼ʹð׵̱һҶϣӣС첻ͣĽ
ҶûӰתָͣĳѨ潫ӡᴽзţеͻдһ˿ǣʹδǣֻǱ۾˱ࡣ
ǿһ˿ǣٵشϢ˵Ǳ˵ӣ㲻ҡ


458
ҶЦŰɩӷģ֪Ǳ˵ӣҲǿˣĳ߶Ⱦ̫ƯˣҾͺˡ
׽૵˵รҪʳԣҾ͡Ҿ͡
û˵꣬ѾҶٴסӣСڣ»ɽ֮צַظŰѩ׷壬ܿ뿪ᴽͷȻסѩ׼ͦ鷿̲סһ˵Ťţʹӿܡ
Ҷ㽫ڰĹָ˳ڱܣƺеʧͦŷۿ׷ʳָᣬָⲦʪĻ꣬ͷѿĸʱͦʪܵĹĹȣܵŴӣУڰ칫ңָϽסӣСڣĴҶӸǡ
ҶҲһֻ֣Ŀ༰˿СڿĵʵĹµĴȸ˸ָĻſڰ칫棬鲻Խطֿɫ͸ˮ˿ŵķԲĴȣƾҶָӷΪΪ
ҶѱӲתͦŤΣ鷿ද˵㼤ɥʧǡҶŵĵ¿ϵڿ㽫ѵϥӲȻʱѸ߾ʮȣӲĴͷһ˿Һ塣
ڰʼǱſڳӵɳ棬εҶǰԲ֪ѾˣҶſ½ӲȻදѿָߣѾӲĴͷ滻ָͷ۶۵ѿĥţͻȻҧţȫ㶶ɲʱĹȻӿŨɫȻֳһθ߳
߳İſڳӵɳ棬ҶȴĿܸ֮߳ʱĴͷĻ꣬ʪҺӲȻͦѱˮŪʪֻĹ֮С
ĹڸܵͻͣļһҶĴͷѾӹͷĻġŽеҪγ˵ȥġҪ㲻Եİ
Ҷסѩ׷μ⣬ͦĹѨгײţ߶ɫ͸ˮ˿ŵȡײˮſңſҡҪ
Ҷ㲻ƾܣֻôͷҵײӹģ˳ƽ˿༰ڿ½ףֳſѩ޳ȣĿҶ׳ȻѨСײĴѩΰ꣬ȻĴˮʹҶ㿺
Ҷض԰˵Բ𣡽㣬ʵ̫ˣ̲ס
˵ҶŪֶδͦΪĹȻıϵвƵģһȦҶȻÿҶȻٽʱĹȻıڵͻԶ䶯ӹǻҲҧҶͷڵľ˱Ҷͷû뵽ѨҶѨмƷ
Ҷ㽫׷תɵڳӵɳ棬ɫ͸ˮ˿ŵ޳ȿڼϣ̢ͦײ
С̫ˣ̫ˣ۰
ü˵Ҷ㿴δҶ´׳ȻֱĹȻı䶯ĥĸӴ׳ҶǿƵĿԼٳ鶯Ȼ
Ҷܹݵ˵ý㣬ҲԲڰ
ҶҪγȻʱ׻Բ޳ͻȻҶ
üߣСҪ̫󣬡
ҶֹͣȻЦǡԲ̫̫Ҳý㣡
׽ؿҶ㣬üĿߴԹؽɫǣΪڰγֲ㷸Ĺ𣿡
ɩҪֲأ
Ҷ˵ʱָо׵ļƷѨ˱Ȼ޳ĥҪʵϼѡ
׾۾ĵؿҶ㣬ֻǽز˵
ҶܹݵòףƳȻʵڲԸĻֺĺʹһǰγˣ
ҶȻҪ뿪׵ѨʱֱסҶβȻֱѹȥѨܺһ
׺὿ߴԹؽС涼ˣΪγûˣɫǣ
Ҿ͸ܵĿ֣ˬ쵽㣬𣿺ý㣿
Ҷ֪Ѿòôȷ鵴оĴˮ˳Ȼϵʳ
󻵵Ҫĥ˼𣿡
׽ۣˮգȴ鵴סҶβֿܷܷʼѹֻͦĥҶĴ׳ȻŮìܵĶ˪ȴӻģһȼͬɲһһһʰ
ý㣬ůʪ󰡣
Ҷ㲻ٶ˵ҲŰ׵ͦȻѨš

ױҶױȵȻ鶯ľ޴УҶҲ۸ƷѨļĥĬӭŶԷ
ʱײҶѩȿʼսҲ§ҶľҶͷѹҶ촽ӡᴽϣſ콫۵ҶĿУҶ˱ֽҶĿͷʲŪţĹȻĿʼתͦͬʱսĹȻļĥ˱ҶȻҶȫĹͷˡ
ƽ˪ɷ򶼴ƽɷֵأңڣ׶±䵭Ҳһ۱һۣšȴû뵽ڱҶǿòȻʹǰδеĴȷ鵴ҶȻ鶯֮ᵽ˴û鵽ȤͶ߳ѹ䵭ˮһӿŷٸ壬鲻Խӭл
ҶоȻ鲻࣬ĹȻȴ츳ȵĿʹҶѨеȻĳ鶯ҶĽ׵ɷôһŮڴǵļƷޡ
˫ͻȻҶ㣬ĹȻĿٵתͦɫ͸ˮ˿ŵ޳ȽܲסҶΣڣۿͦ㣬Ҷ㡭졭ˣ
ҶһߴͣһߵϷ޵ҵı󲻴ɩ治
״ʱѾȫûٸǺ֣̲סĵ˽еô󣡱Ĵˡ˼Һ㣬㡭
˵ſҧסҶĴ̰˱Ҷ⣬ʹҶ㿺ܵͦȻӭĵĶĥþȫĸѨĹȻͻȻʼ˱ҶȻӹǻҲսҧסĴͷڵ⹵
˵ֳѾںΪһ壬ĴתĥУĸ߳ˣһɹŨ̵ĴˮɻҶͷϣҶľҲѳֲסͷ
ҶĴȻĳ̰׵Ѩ֮γ䡣Ҷ㴭˵ý㣬ţ⡭
ҶҪȻγ֮ʱȴĲҶ쵽ѹסҶβͬʱۿͦӹǯһ۽Ҷͷڵľ
˽еҪγ˼ǰȫڣϹסϹ˼Ұɣ
仰Ҷ㻹˼ʲô󿪴أ̢ײͣοʱĹȻĺܣҶȻҶֳܽϵһ϶ûУҶȫǧëȫſˡ
ͷʶУһͦͷѾڰ׵ĻϣϵСʵһ𣬻ɽһҶ̵ҽȫעĻġ
Ϲ˼ҷ˰
׻Ҷ̵̲סִȫٶȳ鴤Σһһĳ߳ʹ̱ˣֻǱϵĿУµĹȻҧҶȻﲻͣ˱ƺǰҶҽʳһβʣƵġ


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Ҷ§Ű´
㻵ˣ˼з֮㺦ʧȥˡ
ҶĻ˿ؽСԩң˼ע޷ɫǵħצ
׽ĵؿҶ㣬촽³ƾ˱Ҷ۷̴ԾԾ.Űף̫ѩ׵ƤЩ΢ۺ졣Ҷ۱㿴ǰŷ۵ظۺͦٸǽΡһƣǬïʢëڰ۵ѨԵøԸСʱİˮѩ׵ǱйһۺɫףǱеýġ
׵ɫɰòɫֵʾٸĳ츧ģǷ˶ķ飬δ´Ǹ۵鷿Ȼ˳ҶţԼ°άˮ߰ϸϸС֮µǵشһïܵĺɫ۲ݣʹ˷Ѩһ״õķ˶βͦš ҶðײδµĴݲж˥ϣǾʱΣһ׿ԼԸٸݳ콿ĵŮȲϡѧģο׽근ҲֻԼĪʮңʹðϸһ̲סҪҪϢ ҶѪǣոϨȼš˫֣Ӱ׵Ҹ´鷿ţı˷ܲβϣԾš ҪܵܡҪˡ
ײءţˡܵܡԡѾ̫Բɷˡˡеġܵܡ㲻Ҫˡ
Ҫ㣬㣬ӴԺҵŮˣҪһһ֡
Ҷڰ׶˵ţָ⡢ţڰȼҡš
Ҫܵܡáࡡ㲻Ҫҡܵܡ֡ม
׷˫ְɳϣҶͼӲȼ䣬ϤĶѨУֿʼĳ͡ ӴܵܡӲġô󡭡㡭Ҫม̫Ӳˡܵܡҡֵˡܵܡ㡭˽㡭มҡҪˡ
㡭һ㡭มӴҡ̫ʹˡѡҸˡҪˡֶˡม㡭̫ˬˡ
ˮڷţдֱ㷢ңȫϵŤţɹɵҺϵŴҲĻϡҶգɵ𾢣ǣҶ㽫˫ϥ˫ڣ˫ȷֿҶ壬ͦŻȵıƨȻһֱ塣 ѽԩҡõܵܡ桭ɡ㡭ҡʹ졭ɵġҡˡࡡҪйˡ
ѽˡҪһӡ塭Զ塭ҡҪ㡭ˡˡ̫ʹˡࡡйˡ
ױҶɵΰأ񷢿Ƶĺڣ弱ٵͦͣҡͷ˽Уʹһййȫϵĳ鴤ţѡ̱ȻҶɵ𾢣ƣ̬ҶɰȻı˫ȣİӵ뻳УĶͷաҶĸοУشмĻӦҶǣƬ촽غһˡͷҶĴţҶɵĻҶҲͷ밬׿ڣͷŪţ˱
ƵҶգرķۺ죬ĺҲؼš ܵܡ̫ǿˡ
Ȼ׷ҶѹţŷѹҶţͷ⣬ҶĲӿʼöţŷҲƶ 鷿ҶӲı׶׶еĹͷŪҶѪǡҶֲԽġ嵽׷ѹţﲻҲมมĽ һҶıһַҶѵţͷ졢Ҷıţڹͷţššҧšű׶ţŪҶȫڣϵĲ˫ᡣ ׿ҶΣҶϣƵĶȥ˫Ҷı׼Ѩڣһһ̡һҶıȫСѨ˽ȥ
λú÷ɡ
İ˵ţ˫ƨһѱĻϣխھҵţеҶȫķˡ
ܵܡڻ㡭𡭡
װ۾̬֣һһµű⵴ɫҶæ˫֣ǶԷ鷿۾ŰСѨűֻƬһһ룬ⷭڣҶĿš šҵĺõܵܡ塭ʹ𡭡ܵܡùมҪй˰ɡܵܡʹ𡭡ࡡҪйˡ
һ˽ţһ׶ţһ֮͵ظеһһȹֱҶĹͷϡ
˿ˡ
˷Ҷϡ ҶҲǹʪȣֻеһһ飬ȵȫڡ 滨飬Ҷ̲סţ濿Ҷı˳ҶǱ󣬵Ҷ촽ʱҲҶ㣬ػӦšһƶԷҵĳǺֹҶıʼݵĶڰ׵ı͡š ܵܡҪˡࡡôӲˡġӴԩҡҡˡҪ㡭ม
ԩҡѽ㡭Ҫˡ㡭̫ӲˡҡҪ֡ʹ졭ҡˡߡ
۵ġԩҡҡζþáûˡҺáˬŶúššˡҡ
ѽֶˡҵԩҡû졭졭ҿ̲סˡߡมˬˡҲˡҪˡҿйˡ
ˣסİڶţƺȫ԰ĻСҶ㱻ʪȵѨסıڰӲо׵Ѩĳ鴤šҶ㷢쭵ķ壬δζģǿҵĸ߳ʹԭ̧ƨɸ߸ͦѩ׵һ󣬵ڴϣҲĵ߶ ҶĹͷܵ׹̵һһ䡢ӹǿҵҾᣬסĴĳ˼£ͷһ飬һ̵ľҺɹͷֱڰ׵ѨҲſڰϡ Ҷ쵽ڰ׷鷿ϣ׵ĿС


460  ݷ
˽⣬ҶڸԱһŵ˽⡣
ҶԽĸ˵ݷҰ칫һ¡
ݷڸŮҶעܾˣһŮɣ촩Ž׵ְҵװеһ޾׵ףüĿ촽΢ȴԸУ·Ըջ󣬷ʵأȹӳŵĹĹڣ鹵˼ϸ֫Σ͹£Ȼʮͷȴİ۽ٸ۽ǵԼɼβƣûӰԷϣէľ߰ޣüĿתԣڷ顣
Ҷóһϣݷ˵ݷԼ°ɡ
ݷŤΣ칫ǰϣֻһţɫס
Ҷ˵ҶԲ𡱡ԲðͳݲùһڰԪһǸ𣿡
ݷ𼱵ҶҲģвѵĿԡٸһɡ
Ŷԣʲôԣ˵
ݷΪˡҶѾ飬һ˴ŮŮҪ˽ѧҪܶǮ
û뵽ݷͻݣǷҪסεģ֪
֪ҲԣҶԭһΣǧҪסΣŮ趼ˣˡ
ݷ˵ţѾ棬ҪҶ¹ˡ
ҶæվݷС֣ݷݷ۵Сϱ߸˵һϱĸҲֻ̫ҪԺҵģȥ
ݷҶ㸧еȣֲҶ㻰·ת֪ϣˣŵķץҶ֣Ҷ˵ģұ֤ԺģֻҪ㲻
Ҷ㿴ԼļıɣЦݷ˵˵ģʲôҪҵŶҶ˳ưݷḧĦЦݷǽҶˣҶҶģҿɲϰߣ
ݷҪ֣ȴ̫Ҷѿ뵽ĦһҲûʲô󰭣糺죬˼˵ȥˡ
Ҷ㿴ݷ߶˵ģɬǱз顣ҶҪݷ𣬲֪ва
˵ţʳָỮȦ
ݷҪ֣˼ûѣֻҶţȴҿ۾ɬС˵УҶ㣬ôУѾԵˣ
Ȼô˵ֲ̫Ҷ㡣
ҶȴӱסϸȻס֣˵ݷ𣬵Ȼ˵ѣҿݷ۾ݵɬ˵ʵݷϹôãһҸ˰ɣ
˵ţҶѾ§סݷС
Ҷ㣬Ҫ
ݷ½ߵС˵ҪŰ§
ݷ˵ʵ費Ҫ˵ˣҾͷſ㣡
Ҷ§סݷƽ̹Сŵķˡ
ŮˣҲҪʱ򡣡
ݷε˵ȴôҲ˵ڡоҶĴִưСϻȵ˿ĸһ˿ķӦûбɷ֮§ڻҸĦС߳ܵذҶ㣬ͷſҰɣ
ݷ˵ҪʲôҾͷſ㣡
ҶḧĦĹ⻬ƽ̹С촽İĶ˵ݷƤðװ㰡ҶϲݷŮڴֶôչˣŮеļƷ
ҪſҰɣҶ㣬ˣ
ݷҶ㸧Ħûһαɷ֮§ڻϷѱץҶУֲҷֲҾܾοǰûЦѾȷʱ軹Ǵֻ̼ذš
ݷǲ˵أϲŹⲻ˵أ
ҶɫֿʼתƣĦķԲأݷ𣬺ôе԰
˵˵
ݷץסɫ֣ݵҾҪһܲСѨ˵꣬ݷߵĵͷ벻ԼԼŮСҶǰ˵ôĻݷ鷿Ҷ㸧ĦÿʼͣĸоҲֲܻ
ݷأݷҵĸĦŶ
ҶĸĦ꣬ͷȴݷĶһ¡
Ҷ㣬ҪûУûܰ
ݷͷѾɿƵزͦеĿڿµȶеĶǱüȻ鲻ԽŤͷҪ촽
ûݷСѨǲѾʪˣ
ҶݷεļӲͻȻһ£Цݷûиеҵľ޴󣿵һġ
ǰԼɷĶΪ˵Ķģûйƾо뵽ҶɷĴִ˺ֹһ ҶȻͶסϣ˽ĽӴĦݷʼ˷Ӧڿ濪ʼЩʪΪظԼԲҪʪŶ¶ֺߵذҶ㣬Ұɣ
ȴ֪Խ˵ԽǼҶɫ
֪ǰɷģǣҲָ֪ܴ߳𣿶ݷѾô꣬СѨӦúܼįˣҶúɡ
Ҷݷ鷿ЦǰһܼһмԸ߳ж೤ܼӲ೤ʱ䣿˵ʵǰҸ𣿡


461
ҿҸĲС
ݷڷǣɷ飬öĳԡ»ʱǴֱ룬й͵ͷ˯˺֮󣬾й£ݲ£ܲĸܣҪ˵ʲôҪ˵ʲôҪ˵ʲôҪ˵ʲô߳ˣÿΣɽɽǻʱѾɽһͷǣʱ˿̣ô˵Լѵƻ䣬ΪԼŮֻܿͣʵڲ˾ָοһԼСѨ
ǺãӣݷܹҵûзӦĻҾĻģҾ̷㣡
Ҷ⿪ʼݷĶݷ·𴹵µͨ͸ӨĶһʱ䣬ݷ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸйʶ
˵һҪ㻰ѽҶ㣬ӣҪң
ݷ޿κεţʵҲûаգǣŬԼһҪסӺܿ͹ȥˣһסģ
Ҷ§Žݷתض۾ָݷϣŮ͸ҶƴݷڣͻȻҧĶ˱ţݷ̽ţ̱Ҷ⿪ݷĳµŦۣƿɫԸе˿֣ظĦţ˶ѩ׵鷿Ҷ±Ÿ״鷿ѾͣѾѪ𣬽ʼݷ߷ߵǣҶ޳ܵذб㿿ϣ˹͵鷿ÿѹȼĥ⣬˵ÿȹ£ҶȼӲĲѾʼַ¶Ĵڲ࣬ǳмɵظ˿ڿ㣬¶϶һδදšݷԼǧҪסȴʼ˷ӦҪҶ㣬
Ҷȴܲ˵صͷȥſںס鷿ݷ𲻿ɶֵص˳Ҫ㣡Ҫ
Ҷſѩ׷鷿ϣţ˱ţţͷŪӣһģɫȴխȹ棬֣Ħɫ˿ĻԲĴȣΡ
ݷû뵽Ҷ˱Ħ˵ħ֮䣬źܵ˳صĴĶ쳣ĳѪĴΣĹҶɫֵĸĦڶڿѾʪĹѾŢģӦôѽѽ꣬ôôͶСˣӣܿģһҪҧסǣȴԼ˫ѾסҶļͦҶӶ˱꣬ڸʲô
ݷʱоҶԸڿĵױߣָȻȥҪˣҰɣ
İûָֹǰ壬䶯ɶĦһĴϢšݷԼԼʵ̫ˣôȻѾĵˣݷȫǻȣɫƽģ壬ݷ˫룬ϵķʼ
Ҷ㽫ǽϣݷһѩ׵ȸ߸߼ͷųסݷ֮ĹĹȣԸڿĵױ߾Ҫ档
ҪҶ㣬ԲԽģ㣬Ұɣǲ㣬Ұɣ
ݷذţѾĴ鵴ܣȴɿƵǿҿʵļӲ㣬ģǺڼҽսͿڷ֯
ý㣬ҲǿнģҪýԼ̽ȥ
ҶЦţӸ߸ߵؼѩ׷ȣĦݷ񹵡
Ҫ
ݷСѨ˺޸ҵظļӲ͹̣˿̵ݷѾ֪ԴȫڣһɹĵӳݷֻƮƮûаһ;ΡҶⲻͣĥľϸܵĺҲʱۼϣݷ͵ر֫ĴϢɼϱܡ޳ľԽΪŵ㣬һ⻡ȫ¶ҶĴ£ճһƬξᱡİ׺󡣵ûҶĴռƬݷĽֹסһǿҵضķһ͵ǳǳһݷû뵽ֻҶᱡ£ûԼСѨô͵õһθ߳ǵ½˼󣬼ǹɰҺ˴ʪ˿ڿ⣬Ѿ˳ŴȻ£֪Ƿ̼ҶֻһϵǸһΪŮ˴Ӿ˷ƽУȻڼеͨڿ㣬ܸӦǸһļݷ׵պ쳱δʣȴɻۿһĲһ裬һմӶ˲µĶݿСѾͣ䶯ţȻҪȥ޷Լ壬סҶǿ׳ѩ׷ȼѾعס˫Ѿ§סҶĻ䣬ҪݷѾƵҶݷ鲻Խǿֵ
ý㣬ԼģҶûǿ㣬ѨůеҶý
Ҷ˵ͻȻ§ݷȻͦƾ֭ˮ󻬣˳Ʋ룬Ȼһ嵽ף

ݷֳһͱҶȵסӣСڣཻӣ˱ҺݷѾ§סҶ㣬һԼڱСƻԼ٣Ҷĳ壬ŪѾϢأ³С˱лͦӭϣݷδйĶ飬ûеķݣҰҶļӲĴִĳ־ãͦ¾ӵʱ˿ѾױĿ˵޵ׯݷʱģݷޣ죬СѨĳͶΣҶزĦͷѼͦݷֻоԼСѨԽԽᣬԽԽȣѵ鲻Խĵز§ҶıˡҶ㡭ҪˡйˡݷУҺŸ߳ҶĹͷŰҺĽСѨεļнҲѾͲסҶһ𣬡ý㣬̫ˣҪˣ
ͷŨŨľҺݷ֮ϣݷһĽ̵ޱˬҵĶľΣ̵ҽ̵ݷ§Ҷһ裡鶯ʱˮһ֮֨֨ڶиֱͣһҪȥ˲źá
Ҷ㶢ݷй˫ĺΣȻǿҸ߳ķۺɫ޲Գ츾ˣͦͷӭҾͳСѨھţҶϢӲִͦݷСѨֳ鶯
Ҷ㣬СѨˣ̫ǿˣ˽ɣ
ݷŵ
Ҷͷ˽㣬СѨˣطҶ㰡˵Ҷ㿴ݷ¶ѩ׻Բ鷿ݷͦ˫ˣһ˫Ө齾ǰôķôѩףôͣôĽۣ۵İϣϸɵԭҰ¶ʲݮһҶҧһڵĳ嶯ݷѩ׵˫飬߰ͦţžѵ״ԲļͷĳˡҫԣʤաҶȫȣӿܡݷϻʱҶ㴺ĵǡ
㻹ʲôطҶ㰡
ݷ𲻽ʣݷĽ飬齻ɡ
Ҷɫɫĵ
ݷȻ˵齻ǴûˣܾǿҶ㰧񣬲һ
ֻݷһϮ㷢֮ƮһֹסҶĲһֽҶͷؿڡҶ㽫˫֮䣬㣬סѩ壬촽ƣҶ˱ͦģҧ⡣ҶʱѵˮĶϲ׽ʱִͷӹʱְסͼʱ̧ͷĹۿ
ݷϢأ̽ץסҶ޴ŭݵذȻͦţ־ͦء
ݷסķպһֶգʼŪݷĶᣬݷĴĴָʳָסγһԲͲҶϣеݷ׶ٶʱʱ٣Ҷ㿪ʼеȫһȣ֣顣


462
ݷȥҶߵעһ˫覵Ըѩף˫סݷĽǸضݷıǿϣڼ˵ıǿʱʱײݷɬرۣ߸ͦݷоҶһ·»ӡ鹵ܿϵٴͦѹȵĸоݷԺֳǸٵ龰Ҷ㽫ĺӣҶǸҶܸܵٲĸоҶݷӣĦĺӣұѹ־ǿصҶǿҵҶس٣ݷ𱻴̼ýеġҶֹͣ˳򣬶鹵ѹݷߵͦѩ壬ӭҶļѹҶ˶ӣҵ鹵ݷԺܸߣɵ˫ѹסԼ壬ݷԸܵҶӲĻȡҶ̽Եس鶯˼£鹵ܻѹкǿ
ǡ
Ҷֻÿˬˣ;ϵ˫ݼݷȴǾԵĲͬģڸ飬츾ǾԲΪ̽ĩȻڣȴΪҶˣôԸ˳񡭡һһУҶܲݼĪˬҶؿŴ϶ǰ̽ͷʼس壬ֻеһˬޱȣеģҶԽԽ죬ݷ˫ţ϶ԽԽһӵ껬ҶķѾŪŭǣȫȣ׳ĿݷָҶָŪʹеů쳣һִδйĳ嶯ϮҶ񾭡ݷ鵴üĿſӣС콫Ҷķ̽ҶͦһһͱݷĺݷҶˬģֻ˵ԺͻϲǶ࣬˶һڸ󳼳ȹ¶ɫ͸˿ŵ޳һٸȻΪҶ̽ڽҶͦĿɵĿС
ݷٴӸʼñҧ΢΢ʹǿҵĿУһϮҶ̲ס϶ݷ¶΢ЦҧסҶ㲻ɾ͵壬˳ӦĶиҪ
ݷٶŪ˫ֱסҶĺΣ캬˱Ҷ㰴סףԳڶݷţ䷢ʵĽߣҶֻ飬ݷϹ˵ã˿չ򡢴˱ơҧƬ̼ճĿˮ˼
ǿҵˬҶ㲻
ݷ֪Ҷ߳ڼ캬˫ո˱ȥǿҵĿаΧҶģҶһһͣͬɽһȹ̵ҽ˳Ҷһǰ׵ľҺݷס£ҽס÷塢鹵ӺϡŨҵϢƬֹ̺ͣݷĿȫҽݷɬĵһЦдָ׺ľҺȫУЦС𣿡
Ҷ㱧ݷ𣺡ý㣬Ҷ㣬㡣
Ҷи߳㣬޵㡣
죬ҹȥҿһ½ĸ׺裬ڸȥοһ¡
ݷҶҶ㣬á
ݷ߳칫ңԲˣҶ뼸ʮ򣬼ʮʲôݵһƷ츾ֵ
ҶȥݷרĹ˽ˣҶɲһרҵˣһô˲ɣ˲á
죬ҶڰԺ󣬺Ȼ뵽Ӧݷȥ׵ģݷ⼸쾡ľķԼԼ㣬ͳпգȥ°ɣͶŮȻݷԼİ칫ҡ
ݷһҶ͸ݷԼ뷨
ݷܸˣΪҶԼںԼ
Ҷ㡰Ҷ㣬Խãлл㣬㰮㣬ð㡣
ллңôлҰ
Ҷɫɫ˵
ݷߵ˵Ҫôлôл˶ˡ
Ҷݷ˵
æݷְҵװ¶˿أҶһץϣý㣬Ҷٺúðһ°ɡ˵Ҷ㶯ݷĶ˵ͷšݷ΢ĿͻȻоҶ촽ʪĺ촽ϣҶȵ˫ݷоԼʱһҶֿ˫ʱݷԼ࣬Ҷ˫ƵһʱݷоȻڳҺҶͻȻ촽ʪ˫ִͷݷСڡ
ҶͷݷлţʱݷСͷһʱŹߣ˵ĿڽһǵĸоãݷʱоٻţԼһֵֻĻһڻɷ裬ӯޣ࣬˱ţҲԸֿ
ݷûܵ˵ǣᵽҶֽ׳еζͷεģ鵴֪ʱƺʧȥ˼ά֪ѱҶ˫ߡʲôҲ룬ֻԼȫĵȥܡ١Ҷ촽ʵʱС඼ĿСߵգ嶼˷֮Уʧȥ֣һйǣһ˫ҲؽסʧȥһͬʱҲʹ˱Ĵ
ݷѱԼĺ촽ҶļȴǸĸߣֻòֻһ϶ѣͷѸ˽С࣬ڴ趯ţе֭ҺסζֱͱȵϱζŪݷʱеݷȻҵҶȵڿŪҲϻ裬˵֭ˮ֪ô£ĺзˡ
Ҷͷݷ𴫳ӣУҵؽšŴ죬ʹø淢ô̼ˣҲԼ۵СӭȥҶͷƶš˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㣬ĿͶң㣬áãҶ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼һͨȫļ鲻ԽؽһС㣡
ݷ㼱ż⣬һ˫ϸ۵ֱ۽Ĳӣ͵ذӣѹҶĴϿǡݷ촽󡢷󡢸ڵԣʱԵô顢ͶͼʣﴫġԼʺСҶ˱ਡ˱ȫšţŷ̵ķۼսţԳԵ۽ţֻĺ촽š
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һް˽ӣСڴݷѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽ§Ҷ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţľݷȻû£һᵽĸ߳鲻Խкˡ
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ݷ촽ʪůĻסҶ㣬Ҷ޼ɵذͷ棬ǵͷ˿ỬصһҶһָֻݷظᱡͻ绨ٵͷһֻֻĴϲ˴̼ĸоϲ˳ˮɡ
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ݷܲʵͣԲƨŤڵ÷֣һ˫ֳܷܷҶȥոմĸ㣬ֻһԲмӣͦӲ漴˫æҵҶĿҶܷܷ̽ȥţǶȥ÷ǳˣȴ⻬Ӳޱȡ
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ݷ⿪ҶĿӣһḧĴڲ࣬һطµϣ˳۵ָҶ˫账ɹỬҶ㿪ʼôŴ
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Ҷ㻶ţݷ˫˺ĿУñǼĦȻ³˫裬Ȼĸʼ𣬵ﶥڵĶתȦš
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Ҷ㿴óˡݷͦСԲβɫ͸˿зԲĴȣɫ߸ЬСţһĽһڼĿˮ۾ֱĶǰݷ۵塣Ҷø˷ˡ
ҶֱʱȻݷĺ촽¶ѪĿһֻϺľմݷĿˮڳĻҺڵƹҿµĹ
Ҷݷϸ۵šһѣһƣݷ͵ɳϣұߵȹɳϣߵڵϣϵĸ߸ЬҲûѣ۵Ľֺںɫ͸˿ţݼҶ
ֻ˶Ȼݷ֭ĶڣȴûмŲȥֻۺĦšݷʱԼ
Ҷ㡭ˣ˼Ұɡɣ˼ܲˣ쩤˼Ҫ
ݷ𽿴鵴ߺתҶ㣬ڰĿɫԵϣ͵ü
ҪģСˡ
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ݷ˸һ˫ѩױΪҶײͣǰζݷҶʵײڰ칫л졣
Ҷ㣬һ̫̫ˡ
ݷ˽ţĺ촽ſţŷŵҵϢҶ㴭Ŵؽš
㣬ˬůʪû尡
ҶЦţŲͣر任ƣݷԲĴȼԼļϣӲȻŪ۵Ļģ֭ʼ˳ų˿ӵĺɫ˿ȥһͰɳʪˡݷʱѾ˻ƣܴ˽Уֻǵš˴صĴϢŮ˵䡣
Ҷ㡭졭ĺô˼±ġ찡
ݷҲǽ˽С
ʱȣҪսپҶǣֱݷɳ棬һѽݷѩ׷巭תְɳϵһС汳ĸ£̧ø߸ߵģ֭ĻҶǰ¶ۺĻҶ㴭Ŵٴǿ͵Ĳ°۵壬ײ̢龡µǸ˵ȻʵǵĸоܿתΪˬƺƵ³ֺ֮ϣĶõ˳ֵչնƨӭĳײһһĸоͬѸӵȫһἴŻ¼ȣֱ׳ܻ
һŮϡƸ꣬ڣȻﴥݷлĽ߻ģݷʪӹڣŪš
ˡҪйˡô󡭡̡Ҫйˡݷһ˫ѩźڽعסϵҶ㣬߸ϸԲȣҶ㲻̵ͣĹɺݷһΡС˱쳣СڣȵճĤҶ׳ľ˶Ȼһ㵫ԵĽУӹй˱ٸ
ݷڵȻﱻ츾ݷľҲǵһضסݷӹڣ˹̻ȵݷ˱һһȫëˬ֡
òĵݷһĵĽһлŮЪ
ӽŸ߳ݷκ죬ޣ㺹죬̱ɳϣﲻϷϣࡢǳöҶĻǶ֪ƯǶȥˡ
Ҷ뿪ɧĵݷ
·ŮƷ׼ˣҶ㿪ݷˡ
ݷ׵ļҲеСŶӵöĺ͸׵ļѾѣȻӲǺܴ󣬵ҲȽϾ£ͣ³ǰݷԿڰ칫ңֻҪš
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ѿţҶֻһ츾չǰ츾൱ãҲʮ꣬㷢߸ϱʩ죬һϮۺɫĵͼۣظʣۿ洦¶Ȱɫ͸˿࣬ɫĸ߸ЬһжԵôׯţóԲһĿԼĿתԣ涼͸¶Ӻݻŵʡ
Ҷ㾪ɵĵݷѵн㣬û˵
ݷ趼Ц裬ɯ
裬Ҷصġ
ݷм飬ҵԺݶˣڸҶزʶͷɯɯмҶֳòãϰ֮˵Ҷøб
æӭҶ
ݷڸľӦģĸҪҶˣҶ;ˣԺɯҶ㡱ɯ֪Ҷ㲻αˣϵģֱˬ˵ãǲĸдԺͽҶˡ
ҶţֿһȻҶȥĸɯҶ¥ݷĸ׸տ飬ܹ˵˼䣬͹غ÷¥ˡ
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ɯˣվסҶ֣Ҷ㣬Զô˵žߣô˵ҪԸ㷹ٻȥȻƲĸˡ
Ҷ㿴˵ϣҲӦˣǺðɣҾԸߣǴŲĸˡҶʱеĸֺûԼоȻ뷨
ʱɯҶг֣ݷ𺰵ݣȥ򼸸ˣҶ㳢²ĸա
ҶҪ£ݷѾӦһȥˣҶҲãʵʩԼļƻˡ
ʱɯĶҶ˵Ҷ㣬㣬ĸȥ׼£Ͼͺá
ҶӦһɯתҶӺ濴ŲĸŤŵķΣͷһȡ
ãҶҲվڲĸ棬Ķɯ˵ĸΪʲôôãôۣԺݷĽġ


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ǸŮ˲ϲˣҶϲˣĸѾˡ
ĸˣˣʱˣܶеĶݲĸɡ˵ţҶĸĽ˵㣬Ҷ㣬ǲĨǣô𡢡ǲĸҪҪҶ찡ǲĨǡҶЦ
СôܵϷĸ
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Ҷʱ̫֣æתƻ⣺˵Ĳ˺ܶǮ
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ĸ˵ɫе㰵
ģǲĸ֪ݷ𣿡
֪û˵ֻ˵ǽģѵǮ⡣
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ҶؿӺݻ츾ھʧʧ̬عĽ£ۿ洦¶ɫ͸ˮ˿ŵѩ׷Բ޳ĴȣϺɫ廨˿ڿ㶼Լɼ繵ĹһӽģҶ㲻Ӹǣ˫ֽĸǲ§Ȱο˵ĸôܹ¹أĸôһңҵĶˡΣҶ뷽跨ݷΣֱѰݷӱֵ֮ģ
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ĸϲץסҶĴֲš
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˵ɫ̽۵Ŀ渧ԲĴȡ
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ĸɫýȽסͼɫ֣ޱĻҵ૵Сĸֳ𣿡
ĸֲ԰ֵܵҪͿŶ
Ҷץסĸְܷܷ߸ߴ棬ЦĸӦøоҵֵʹԾԾƴ־ˣ벮ĸԲĸһƬĽ֮ģһ׷뵽ףϸܵغúТ̺ĸһذɣ𣿡
Ҷ㣡԰
ĸҶߵ÷ͨ죬ΪֽޱȵŸҪ˵ѣͱҶǵصסӣСڣָĽ
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Ҷ㣡Ҫ
ĸʱ˿̳ʧⰮ֮ŽӵʵڶСѪĸо̤ʵҸܲѹֶԹտͼįͷųĲòĸ˫һʱѾĻң޲ðԼ뵽ҶȥҶ㱧ĸ˫ֲڲĸĦʱĸʼȣս죬΢ҧӣʶ³ʡҶģһ˫ֿʼֵƣ⿪۵Ŧۣ»ɽ֮צ޼ɵ˲ĸ˶أͬʱ˫ӲĸĶͷʼζ£ĸ˫ۡǼ⡢˫һ·ǵĸ˶ʵ壬ȻɫĨأҶȻܸоǶľ˵ķʮĵɵ󣬸ĸ㻳Ѱ̽ʤһеĲĸҲѶ飬壬Ҷǣ巢ı仯һȻϽ˵ĺΣסĽͣŤĥҶӲԵ
Ҷ㣡Ҫ
ĸоԼɧͿڴҲʼɧ࣬糺죬΢΢ʧҪ֣ȴץס߸ߴ棬֮¿ҲԸо˶Ӳ֪ʲôʱҶҶķȻѾ֮УĸǺǽǶܻӭظĦŪţѪţĿΥΰͼڣǣ赭дôܹҶǵɫѾ̽ۿ棬ֱ֮䣬ҰظĦųĴȡĸŵҪɫ֣ǣܵɫѾϺɫ廨˿ڿ㣬ĦĹĹȡĸŤŽҪƿҶĻǣظܵҶָѾϺɫ廨˿ڿؾֱĻء
Ҷ㣡
ĸһŤֹͣˣֹͣˣֵ׶Ҳֹͣˣ̱Ļ棬֣޼ɵᱡ衣µѾˮĹŢµǲ֪ʱҶѰڿɳϣɵɳϣȻֿѩ׵ȣҶӷΪΪȻ䶯ŷۿ裬ӭָֻشϢţҶ㣬ҪҪ


466
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Ҷ㳶ĸϺɫ廨˿ڿ㣬߾ٷֿɫ͸ˮ˿ŵѩ׷Բ޳ĴȣŴɫϸ߸ЬҶ㽫ĸѹڿ£סĹĹĥţƺһЦҵĲĸҵĽ㣬㿴ҾҪ˰
˵ͦӲȻƲɵһ嵽ס
ҪҶ㰡
ĸҶ˶ĢͷǶײĥĻ۴ĴˮȻͻȻͻƣôΰӲȻȻûĹ뵽ףһξͿҰֱӵضײĻϣײٴϢһһĹͳʵ鲻Խز
Ҷ㾡Ųĸ֮ķˬѨĹӲȻòĸ⻬ѩСͺڰ˷ۿ趼ҶȻѸ͵ͦףˮĦ֮·
Ҷ㣡̫ˣҪ˰
ĸ૵
ĸҵʲô̫ˣҵʲôҪ
ҶЦŸ츾˶ѩ׵壬ͦҰͣɶ޲ùᴩĸѨ
Ҷ㣡㲻Ҫ˼ˣ̫ˣѾ˼ҵӹˣ
ĸ⻬С̼ͦͷҡҷɫ͸ˮ˿ŵѩ׻Բȸ߾ٲסҶΣ
ĸѨѾרѾҵˣĸѨʪůˬϸŶ
ҶЦһߴײŲĸе壬һߵ˵ŲĸԹտĴġ
Ҷ㣬̫ˣ̫ˣ˼ˣҪ˲ĸˣ
ĸüĿŵţһһˮһϮġ
ɯɯҵɯɯɯɯҵɯɯϹ죡
Ҷβͣʶ壬Ҳĸ۷壬ָɦӣҰ⣬촽Ҳϲĸ׵ľСɵĶס
ȻҶ㰴סĸһںס˶ѩ׵ֱ˱ҧһץסʵ任Ÿ״ѸͦܽԸƻԹﻨ֮⣬ҪľҪƾӴӲʵԹģҶʱ˿̾ڻױȵȻ޼ɵ̢ŲĸտԹĹ
ĸļֱҪˣҪ֪ƽׯ߹󣬶֪û԰ˣδܹ߳ζ˿Ҷ߳ķ¼ɣʵչһ´ֵԼȻ߳ܣһֱŰСǱѹֵĸʽͷݷբͻһ㣬񱼶вɰáԼԭȻŮˣ
ĸݷõãʱȫľֹֻʣĿ֡
Ҷ㣡ϹҪƲĸӹ˰ĸҪ˰
ĸѾĲ鵴ģ飬ɧֻ֪࣬޿κεŸĦϮÿһѩ׷ļһɽһޱȳĿзӿ󸾵֫ٺĸ˪ѩĽպϼ̬ⰻȻţ촽żٵشϢ˲еѡ
Ϲ˼Ҫ˰
ĸˬþӨ糺һƬɫˣ΢ӣСֻţݺڶ߾ɫ͸ˮ˿ŵѩ׻ԲȽסҶΣڣۿͦӭлͻȻ˽Žżñֱѩ׵弱ѨΣӿ
Ҷȫײạ̊́ƽʱׯ߹Ĳĸʱɧ̬ĴˮĢͷһҲѳֲסһ飬Ȼ츾ĸѨ;ҵضȻɽһ̵ҽڲĸĻϣ̵òĸٴĸ߷塭
ɯɯرǸ߳Ժ󣬸ԺҪҵĲĸҵɯɯ㣬𣿡
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ĸڰҶǰ׳˿ؽ
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ҶץסĸְܷܷıСЦĸҵͲô
ĸ˿صҶһۣḧżʹոմսк֮󣬰ӲȻԼϹҪִܶ࣬ʧܷܷ֮жֵظĦҴĢͷüĿؽСС׼ˡû뵽С󣬾Ȼӵϣ䱦
ϣ䱦Ҷܲܰϣ䱦ٷ벮ĸСѨУúõһҶ㸧Ųĸѩױ壬ҧĶЦŵϷ
Сĸˣ˲ĸɣĸ㡣
ֻĸҶ䶯ſҶĴ棬̧ͷ˿ߴԹصҶһۣȻͷȥſӣСں˽ȥְܷܷҴŪ׶£ŪҶȻŪҶĢͷͼеۣҶ̲סٵشϢĸٶŪò˫ֱסҶĺΣſɺӣСڽɵȻ̳Խȥ˱ۿҶȻ͵˼㣬ѪţĿۣӲ㷢ƮĸԸΪڽҶ㲻еǿҵˬɵôشϢҶ㰴סףԳڶͦɶ츾ĸţ䷢ʵĽߣҶֻ飬Ƭ̼ȻճĿˮ˼
Ҷ˷ܣһеذס츾ĸ
ֱҶҲܲˣֱӰѲĸɳϣԲθ߸ε
Ҷ޼ɵظĸԲΰ꣬ѩʮ㣬ɫòʪĻĹȣĸҶòѹֲס
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Ҷ㰴ס첮ĸԲΣҳײĹȡ
ĸŤͷĿ˿ؿҶ㣬ٵؽֵҶ㣬û۸˼ң
Ҷץסĸѩ׻Բμ⣬ͦʶžžĴײΣÿζ뵽׽Ĺ淭һ㡣
ڼ಻ɿʱͻȻ
ݷ򿪷ţԼ边ȻİɳϣΣҶ壬лޱš
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Ҷ㿴ݷؼңγԼݷ𣬲ĸѾÿڰοĸأ㿴ĸŹҶٺúõİοݷ㡣
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ٵѵݷ·ƵɳһߣҶϸݷĶòϸü˫ֱͫıӣ͹ôǡôļͬһ崿׵ϣһ޷ܵʣں˳糤ԽĳгŮģԴŮ޳ߣѩ𪡢ļӵôǿҵջ
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Ҷһ˫ֿʼֵƣݷۼͦأͬʱ˫˵ĹĶͷʼζ£˫ۡǼ⡢˫һ·ǵأȻһҶȻܸоǶľ˵ͻ͵ɵ󣬸㻳Ѱ̽ʤһ
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ݷԷǳ٣죬գӣ΢ţҷԸе̴ںǰѩס͡Ƶйɵٵĺţħ㽿ѩ׵Ը߳϶һ¶ҶתƵݷͦεǰôӽעӨ͸Ľ˫飬ǰ״̰Ө׵ķɫϸɻԲ΢΢Ķ̬Ҷ㿴ĶҲ಻סһںסݷһֻѩ飬˱ţͬʱסһ𣬾ĴวŪֿгԸ߳ݷһ˫ѩ˵Ƚ§סǰૣ΢΢
Ҷ㿴֬ķۼȴϼˮ۾ҫʵǹ⣬۽üҾ˵Ĵ飬ɢŽ㼵̬Ҷ̧ݷһѩȣͦӣᳵ·شůʪڣ૵ݷҶ㰮ˣ
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Ҷ㣬Ҫ˼ˣ˼ڽأ
ĸʱ˿ɬĺŮһƫƫ˫˫ȰצƵĽסҶ㣬ˣķ˵ĺһʮĵߺģһ˲һؽһˡ
УƫƫҪﻰг㣡ҿ㵽ǽػǽػǽأ
Ҷ˵أȴסĸԲ壬ͦҵ뵽׳͡


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Ҷ§Ųĸգ촽΢ţ٣ʴǵǹǡѸס㴽ͷĿУҲɰС࣬ĿУһ飬ǻƷŶԷĸ¶Һ˵ҶѪڣ˹ȥץסֻ鷿ĸšŵ壬ϷĿռ䣬ǰ֬ϸ۵ǰأ˶鷿ͻ鹵뵽ŷĻʱڵʥŮĶָ鷿һȦһȦĻţòʹҲȥǲֵָĿĵķֶСеͣƨԲִ󣬷ǳ֮Уԡõȫ¶壬ȥ˿һ㣬һݵĸо
Ҷһ벮ĸأڣٶȵļӿ죬ӿҰÿξͦҲϵһһµӭĶĺԽԽ٣صϢ֪ʼ˷ܡ˫Ƚס˫§Ĳӣ֪Ů˷ܵĶ㣬о츾ԼϹ¥ϣԼϱԼߣðĸҪˡҪҶˡˡˡӿٶȺȣһϵĽкø죬Ҳʼ鷿󣬺أôֻ࣬ԽԽͣԽԽݣҲ泩йԼľҺȫ벮ĸѨˡˡһƷ츾Ҷ뵽
֪˶ã˾Ѵﵽ˰Ķ㣬죬ӵ౧
ҶͲĸɳ嶼ɢǰ㣬ãȴ츾Ĵˮ񹦹Ԫˬ
Ҷ§Ųĸ§ݷ𣬿Ů츾ߵģҶ򵥺⵽˼㡣 ԰ȥĸﰲͣҶڳ˲ĸգɫζȫ
Ҷ룺ǺͲĸడ츾Ҳɫζȫ
ţһƬȡ
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ҶѹУҶ¶ޱǿҵ㣬ɯݷейУҶγŨŨľҺй˲ĸͦϣ̵Ĳĸ鷢
Ҷ㱧ĸй󽿺ݣŲĸѨòĸҶˬԺ㻹ݷСѨҶ㣬֪
Ҷ㣬Ҫ˵ˣĸ㣬Ǻ˰
ߵİҶĻС
ֵЦһҶͻؼˡ
ڻؼҵ·ϣҶ㻹ζŶ츾ԼĿУָ֪߾٣صңͼ͵ĴѩС
Ҷߵſڣ˳Űڵŷ͵ɫϡԿһɫ͸˯¼䣬ڴϣ˫ۣƯĳë΢΢ĶţؿҲźһһںڵ㷢һƵճһպͲϣѩ׷ļԵԽľӨϸ壬һ˿覴ã޳һĻߣʹͦεԽĸеθӸ̣һ˫㽻һ𣬿ȥǱѩһ㡣
Ҷ㶯һҺҹɫҶȥȻὫŹϡҶǰϸ˯̬޼ɵɫˡһ΢ƫˮģˮ飬ƽٵ㷢˿ƮƮȻڰﻹߵĽģѩࡢȫûһȱݵӨ׼ȾŵĽκ죻Ǳɴ˯͸Ź⣬޵ģĳ轿ϸߡ޹ǵɼ壻עĿģǶ΢΢ķ壬˿εظͦţԲ󣬶˶Ľ嶥ӣҺͦţδ͹δ͹ݷȴԵĲժ㣬ۺӣѩ׹󼡷ĳ֮£ˣ˫Բ޳أһ˫˳ȣߴӵţ뽫Ǵδӳǽ¶ǰţ͸ɴ¡͸ļһСӨȻںұĵسгȺߵУ̿ŵ˻Ϊ֮ȴ֪ᱡɴ֮УѩӸ˵ɶ칤˽ĵ˷
ֻź۽׾ӨԲ񼡷ӯѩ޳šעĿģͦǰһѩɽ壬͸ĺɫ˯ҲԼɼΡΡ壬ӯӯգʵͦʣʾɫŮͳеĳζ嶥ɫ΢ϵģͬԲѣԳһȦۺɫ˫һɽȵ鹵ڿʣҶҲ಻סһںסһֻѩ飬˱ţͬʱסһ𣬾ĴวŪԭյĿʱȴڲɿë۵ϲ֪ȾĨҺ죬ԵøĺͽޣƽĺҲ̱ôϢͦε˫İҶ㲻ϵŪ£ߵŮһ˷ۺɴһ˫С㣬ҲΪǿҵĴ̼ͦ۵Ĺȹ棬͸ճİҺԴԴӿˡҶ㿴ڼ˯Ӷ˱꣺裡裡̫ˣҶҪ㣬ҶҪСѨ
ҪҶ㣬㲻԰
ѩ㼵ĴϢҲͲסǽꡢĿ֬ļ콿ͦǰһѩΡΡ͵ĺʵͦʣʾޱȳζ嶥õɫķ⣬ͬԲѣԳһȦۺɫģһ˫޳ȣ鲻ԽؿĦݣƷţĹ֮еĲε㽦ˡ
˳̴ڣҶԥİƬᴽϣ˵Ľ˴˶̰ŶԷеҺС
СҪԵģ
Ҷ㲻иŬŪ£ѩӼͦ΢΢ȣ˫ԵøӷԲ֮໹̺Ŀε޺ҲҶ͹̣΢΢ӲŮסҶ̲סԼͷͦأڱǼӯܰķ㣡
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ѩԽ䶯Ӧţһ˫ѩ׽޳ʱ١ʱƽšŤԼΣоԼѨеļį飬Ҷ롣
ѩ缺մĵһƬհףԼݣֻ뵽ܻ֣Ƿ㣬üĿߴԹصҶһۣŪҶ⣬Ȼ𽥶ŪŰС鼡⣬ܷܷӹҶոմϵ¿֮Ȼ䣬ŤͷԹؿһҶ㣬ĵܷܷɵң˿ؿҶһۣ边ȻͷȥŪҶȻˬ۵ŪҶĢͷͼеۣŪ˼ҶľջҶˬ˼㣬벻ƽʱôľ裬ԼڴϿ˼ΣȻô̲סٵشϢ費ٶŪ˫ֱסҶĺΣſɺӣСڽɵȻ̳Խȥ˱Ҷ㰴סףԳڶţ䷢ʵĽߣҶֻ飬Ƭ̼ȻճĿˮ˼Ů裬㷢ƮĸԸΪڽҶ㲻еǿҵˬɵôشϢ
ѩоҶѾ͵˼㣬һ˫ѩ۽ס˫磬̧һɫ˿ŵĻԲȹסҶҶ㷵ͽĸѹڴϣҵŶҶˬСѨ𣿡
ҶɫָԲĴȣֱʪĹĹȵ


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С㣬Ҫɣ
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Ҷ˵Цţͦ塣һӶ˻ģǿҳ鶯š
С㣡ô󰡣ܸɣҪˡ
ѹֲסؽһ˫ɫ˿ŵ˳ѩȽסһԶؾҾγ鴤Ľ˵̸ֳɾƵĳЦ͹㼡Ľ͸žӨĵ㺹ԼȻɷĵܵҶӲ룬Ұжʱӿһޱȵ⣬ˮӯӯ۲ʤߵһգת棬֬ܽۼӵһΣ鼰񾱶ߺˡ
裡ʪȰҶĿˣҵ裡
ҶһߵЦһ߽һ赹õĺ˵鹵֮䣬Ȼ˱źȾƣҰŪҧѩ׷˶Բ壬һߴͦײ塣
С㣬Ҫ˵Щ˼ˣˣ㰡ţ軨ˣҪ͸ˣ
û뵽Ⱦƣ̲סֱҧ壬ѹֲס
Ǿ͹ԹԽϹٿǿǣ
ҶϷŪ裬ͻȻסĻĥš
С㣡ϹϹѽ
ųʵ͵оͻȻһ飬鲻ԽͦۿӭѰҶȻ˿صŰȵҶٴͦɱ뵽ףޱȵҡ㷢ѹֵسһϹȰҪˣˡ
Ҷ㻵Цʹ˫ֻ§Բʮ㡣һԷ˶ĽͦҲǰ˫ѩĸ첲§סɵĲӣɫ˿ŵ˻޳ȸǱܵؽסΪһͻµԹĸѹ˰ɵȻ棬Ҷ㱧ڷ߶ţһһ£δĻģ軨İҺ˳Ŵȣʪ͸ϣҶͷĺˮ۹еѯʵҶ㣬𣿷ɣ𣿡
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Ҷ˫ץסԲΰ꣬ѩ׷֮ʱ˳ƴδ뵽ףˬͷȥ㷢ҡҷڶͣ
Ҷ§ߵڣҲµϣֱӶľǽϽֱʶײ
ҶҵسţɶţײСѨҶĳзɧشϢţţӭšʱ˿̵üĿ˿㷢ɢңͦοڣл殷ӭӺݻŵȻҲ˷ɧ˵ʱˬܷܷʮָݽҶıҶȻоеʹȴԹӿҰǿײ̢ԹһԵǵĿУֱӿͷףϮ֫ٺɢĹʰѸ豾ѽķߵһ㽿縡͹õĿжѡܽۼ̬֣һް˽䣬ѩ׾ӨĽ͵ؽ壬һϢľΡ£ӣһţҧҶͷļУ߹ׯһᵽĽ߳
§סҶգϽߵκͼҽŸ߳ĺϣɫ崿Ů񣬺һ˵ͼ
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472  ֳ ݿ
ݿɣ35ꡣŦ׶ྯ飬ֱҶΣƹŦ׶ྯҶ㿴ľ飬һǿݿɵһƷŮӡ
ϰ࣬ҶݿɣһϾרõݡ
ʮݿɣһʮŮɷǵְԱ˰ȻɫҲģˣһߣֱĳŰһ޵ĸоŻɫװȹԲ޳ȴһ˫ɫ˿ⳤ࣬Ըеϸ߸Ь˷
ȻҶ޼ɵذݿ뻳Уݿ㵵ҪƿҶ㣬ǱҶס̴ڣһʪǣֱָ⣬ڰѵݿȹ̽ȣĦݿɵ˿ȡһֻķأҶڵݱϣݿѾоļӲ֮䡣ݿɻҶôô޴ԼϹĿûô󣬲ܣԼǧˮҶһԼ޵ġ̫ˣȻڵɧţȻָ룬ȻѸʪˣܣԼܶԲɷ򣬿ԼѾƲסˣ͸룬ݿɵ᲻ڵǿԼ?ݿȻ£ȴֺǲƵؿľ޴ӲĦ
Ů߷ߵǣҶ޳ܵذбſϣ˹͵鷿ÿѹȼĥ⣬˵ÿȹ£ȼӲĲѾʼַ¶Ĵڲ࣬ǳмɵظ˿ڿ㣬¶϶һδදš
ٴΰͷϣŮ˲۾ԷصıϢ
Ҷ˵Ź̧̧ʱѸ̳ӱĽľ޴ʹݿɲò̧ӣȻȻ޿ɱظܵ˵Ӳȣһڿס˲ϵϮ
ΪٸѾظоԷһִļһſԼĽرԵѲʶŮµݿɳ߷һЩ֡ԷԶɷĳȸʹһʧʧĺݿɵؼ١
ݿպСȴһȣ϶һʪʪĸоΧʱ˾ȵĺԼϸܺë
ݿһʱԡȻѾǴŮɷھηʵüȡŮ𽥱˵ĳ壬˵ǻٳǰϷˡ鶯ʹһݵӵҲʪһƬҪȻʮоŴעʧܡ
ҶⲻĶŮ˷·𴹵µͨ͸ӨĶһʱ䣬ݿɾ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸйʶͻȻ䣬ǵŪ࣬ҶҲԵеУ뱧ǰ˵ĳ嶯
ԣԣԡ
ݿɼʱķźԼҪȥ
Ȼ˵ϮȻڼǹʪۣŰĳ࣬С༡˱СԪĶشݿɵͷʵĸоֱͣײţʹεͣȴǵסкڱŷ
湻ĵģУҪסԣԣԡ
ݿһһмԼʹܹʱʧԼ
ݿɿ֮ʣҶκպ󣬲ᱡĶ䣬ֻ̧ͷ۾Ȼ¶׵ЦЦ̵úɣôίԼءǸƷһһ£Ҷ˵ţһȻס֫һŮ˵ľ
ݿɼ˲ɰп࣬һһرƽԽԽ졣
ҶʪĴĲһһ˲䣬ݿɽסĵȫ΢΢һ£Щ˫ҲһʧȥҪ»
ΪһŮˣǱŮˣһ֪Լĸ˵ġݿҲ⡣
ƽһֱƷóջչջչǰĳǵ⣬һֱΪŮ˱ӵеӣ̬Ĳӡ
ֻпɷͰĽĿ⣬㡣
ÿεԼ˳Ĳʱʹѣơϧľګɷһֱûܺú˷ܵ㡣
Ҷɵڿݿɶʵ·תţ˫סỬϸµÿһ缡ֱݿʧȥ˷磬κܿüң۵ӣûãĶ;糺һƬ
˿̵ݿѾ֪Դȫڣһɹĵӳֽűƣ޷ֲǿǰֳֻŤŤ֫ȴȹױ˽ŽصļӲֳļһǾˣʱ˽ڲĿܣŤ
Ȼ˶ݵĽ˵ĽӴѾʹʪһƬ
ݿֻƮƮûаһ;Ρ˵ⲻͣĥľϸܵĺҲʱۼϣŮ͵ر֫ĴϢɼϱܡ޳ľԽΪ֧ŵ㣬һ⻡ȫ¶Ĵ£ճһƬξᱡİ׺
û˵ĴռƬŮ˵Ľֹסһǿҵضһ͵ǳǳһ
ݿû뵽Ҷᱡô͵õһθ߳ǵ½˼󣬼ǹ˴ʪ˿ڿ⣬Ƿֻ̼һϵǸһΪŮ˴Ӿ˷ƽУȻڼе壬ͨڿ㣬ܸӦǸһļ
ݿ׵պ쳱δʣȴɻۿһĲһ裬һմӶ˲µĶݿС
ҶǸĦݿɣҶܿͰݿ̱࣬ʱ䣬͵ˡ


473
ݵˣҶջʪָڿУ˱һ£Ȼݿ߳ݣüۺߴϢδݿԼİ칫ҡ  칫ңţҶϸǰŮݿòʮֳɫ鷿ԲȹҲֻɯ֮ʹŵҲڲס⣬ʮˣȴȻ͹ȳ͵ĵΣԸ޳ģǶׯͻľȴ͸һ˿Թ񣬸ҼҶ<<ƿ÷>>˵ŮˣһǿŮˣһǿ˵ŮˡиллҶΣԺҪҶŶ
ݿĸ߼ԶڿҹҶׯţ̸ֹ¾ɣҶ㲻ݿɺɷʱǲҲͰģ뵽Ҷɫ۾ݿɸʷغɫ͸˿涺˼ۡ
ݿɽ㣬ԺҪҶҶģ̫ˣԺҶ㣬ҽҶܰȻڸӴ࣬ǣ˵ڸĴԣǰ㽫Ҷܰƹڸڲ񡣵ȻҶܰɷ鳤ĹҲɵĺܲ
ҶִڸڲĻͼԱŬоҶ㿴ݿɵĿЦǹ̬ȣҶˡԣѾݿɽ㣬չҵݿɽ㣬ӦÿͰ
ݿȻ֪ҶҪԼǲ֪ô죬һӴӾְŦ׶ྯ־ֳԼĻˣе㷢˻ش
ôݿɽ㲻𣿡
Ҷ㿴ݿɴûлشЦɫضݿɵأɫ³ŵùĹڵģޱȡ͸ɫϡɼɫ˿ֵĺۼȻڲסѩ׷⡣Ҷ㲻ɫĴʳָ󶯡
ѽֻе㲻ԼĶˣллҶ񰮣һŬģ
ݿɼػشȴûע⵽Ҷ۾ЦΪ֪ܹ˾Ųžãܹģһޡ
ɷҲи뷨Ҳ֪ǲԸ⣿׼ȥѧԺΣݿɽǲͬѽ
ݿɴʱĻϲ˵ӶɷһӣʺоԭĹΪڹŰ岻ͨʣ쵼ͬ£һֱǸСԱɷҲоΣݿɲ۸мסҶ˵ллҶллǶ֮ã
Ҷ˳ưݿɵḧĦЦҲ˵ˣ㻹ǽҶˣҶҶģҿɲϰߣ
ݿҪ֣ȴ̫Ҷѿ뵽һĦһҲûʲô󰭡
Ҷ㿴ݿɽ߶˵ģɬǱз顣ڲ֪ݿɽôлأ
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ݿҪ֣˼ûѣֻҶţȴҿ۾ɬС˵лҶԷ
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ҶȴӱסϸȻס֣˵һҪҳԷҪ㣬ҶܰһοҶܰҾҪҶֻܰɢŮϢҶϲˡ
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ݿε˵оҶĴִưСϻȵ˿ĸһ˿ķӦûбɷ֮§ڻҸĦС߳ܵذҶ㣬ͷſҰɣ
ݿɽ㣬˵ϲϲҶ㣬Ҿͷſ㣡
ҶḧĦĹ⻬ƽ̹С촽İĶ˵ݿɽƤðװ㰡
ҪſҰɣҶ㣬ˣ
ݿɱҶ㸧ĦûͨĻɷĹȴɷ֮§ڻϷֲҷֲҾܾοɷûЦѾȷʱ軹Ǵֻ̼ذš
ݿɽ㣬ǲ˵أϲŹⲻ˵أ
ҶɫֿʼתƣĦķԲأ㣬ôе԰
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ݿץסɫ֣ݵϲҶ㣬Ұɡ
鷿ĦÿʼͣĸоҲֲܻ
ϲѽҵĸĦŶ
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Ҷ㣬Ҫ
ݿɵͷѾɿƵزͦеĿڿµȶеĶǱüȻ鲻ԽŤͷҪ촽
ϲҵʲôǲҵ޴󣿡
ҶݿεļӲͻȻһ£Ц벻뿴ҵľ޴󣿡
ݿʱоķȻ˷ضϣݿԼɷĶΪ˵Ķģû뵽ҶıɷĴִ˺ֹһԼ׳󣬸û뵽ʱҶķȻͶסϣ˽ĽӴĦݿɵʼ˷Ӧڿ濪ʼЩʪżĻϵɷΪظԼԲҪʪŶ¶ֺߵذҶ㣬Ұɣз֮
ȴ֪Խ˵ԽǼҶɫ
֪ɷģǣҲָֻ֪ܴ߳һоˣŮ԰𣿡
Ҷݿɵ鷿Цǵģ
ݿɿڷǣɷ飬Űľګݿз֮ȻҲܱɷ򰡣
ŶǵģǾ֤ܾõˣܹҵûзӦĻҾĻģҾ̷㣡
Ҷ⿪ʼĶݿɷ·𴹵µͨ͸ӨĶһʱ䣬ݿɾ;ôĵһӿ¿ٵܶȦ󣬱㲻ס̼ÿһеļԼĸйʶ
˵һҪ㻰ѽҶ㣬ܣҪң
ݿ޿κεţʵҲûаգǣŬԼһҪסϹһסģ
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Ҷȴܲ˵صͷȥſںס鷿ݿɲɶֵص˳Ҫ㣡Ҫ
Ҷſѩ׷鷿ϣţ˱ţţͷŪӣһģɫȴխȹ棬֣Ħɫ˿ĻԲĴȣΡ
ݿû뵽Ҷ˱Ħ˵ħ֮䣬źܵ˳صĴĶ쳣ĳѪĴΣĹҶɫֵĸĦڶڿѾʪĹѾŢģӦôѽݿѽݿɣôôͶСˣһҪҧסǣȴԼ˫ѾסҶļͦҶӶ˱ݿɣڸʲô
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һĽһغУҵĶľΣ̵ҽ̵ݿɽ§Ҷһ裡 ƾԼҶռһ츾ϴﵽ˸߳ƾԼֶΣ԰Ů
ǿҶҲһθ߳У͵õ㣬ϢһҶŮ츾
Ҷȥ߼ݿɵܷܷ֣ЦԺǽҶŶҶҪˣСѨҶ
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߼ݿţ߳䣬ѵݿɣԼһ־ȴִܷܷҶĴ֮ѳΪҶһּۣذ㲻Ҫˣз֮İ
ˣһз֮Ӵ̼ҶаģЦɫضŸ߼ݿɵأ鷿Ĺڵģѩ׷⡣Ҷ㲻ɫĴʳָ󶯡ƽ߼ݿɵĽʹѸ߼ݿɷеĽԼЦŵϷз֮и֮ŵ֮ϰǸղŽҶ𣿸ղڰ칫棬㻹Ҷ㣬Ϲأ˵ԼҪҶˣ㲻ǵҿɻǵýղŶķ˵Ŷ
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Ҷ㿴ѩ׷˶ɽ壬Ϊϵؼͱ˵صϷݿɽ㣬ѵ㲻ղŵļѵ㲻ٴĿ𣿽Ĵôأý㣬ҪƭԼˣ飬ҵİɣ
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Ҷһ߸һ߸ŪǶǰζĴ̣ǿɰСջҶָҶȽİƨɣȻմҺķ˳߼ݿɶʱʧġһתͷĿҶ㡣
ҶЦڱݿɽƨɿȫҡ
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ƨʱȴֱҶĴֽץסҡζҡβˡϹǰ
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߼ݿɲ˿ؽ󻵵˼ҵƨɶʹ˼ˡ
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Ҷ㰴ĦŸ߼ݿɷԲΰ꣬ЦԺǰҲܣҵǰҵݿɽ㣬𣿡
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Ҷ㲻ܲˣ˫ץסѩ׻Բμ⣬ǰͣȻھջ
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СɿɰľջغסҶ׳Ȼ̰ؽҶĸֻþʷɲʹɱһתΪ·еСʷȻǾĿˣͬʱҶҲҵѵõʽŲͣصŪĺѨжѶ˶ΡҶ㽫ָ뾯ʷĹĹСУͣˮҺͿȫ͸ɫ˿붡ڿȫʪ
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Ҷ㰴סףԳڶͦɶܿţ䷢ʵĽߣҶֻ飬Ƭ̼ȻճĿˮ˼
Ҷֻ֪ȥ϶ģʾֹͣеĶվ
ܿоŻһĵ۾ոͿϹǵصѹסӣСڡ
ܿպӣ֪ǺãȵҶͷıݣůĿǻס޵С࣬Ÿо󿪷һոµƵģཻ֯˱ƣ࣬Һޱȡ
ҶͷܿлţʱСͷһʱʰŹߣ˵Ŀڽһ
ǵĸоãҶ࣬˱ţҲԸֿ
Ҷ˫֣̽ǶԷ˶ʥŮд³ļƼ䴫һͦʵޱȶֳԵУָܿɨܿ԰ѳ֮ʣҶͻȻĴָʳָסĺӣңеȵĴ࣬ͻȻּѡ
㣬Ϲ
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Ҷ˫ּסֻܿͦԵĽңôĴָᲦĿѣԡ̺ۡߵѣܿķ˶ȷӿҶĴ־ȻȫܿԲʥŮ壬Ҷϧϸظ󡢴Ȧѹܿľ壬һͷȥ˱ȻԺٵŲݮ
ޡϹܿԳ֡
ܿ˳Ҷ㽫ǽ屧в۾غţߺСһҲҶ
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ܿһԼͦʥŮ屻ҶʪҶһᱡֱܿŪƶˣƮƮģֱͦĽϸϹ
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Ҷ㸩ܿϸɨκаܿŤţеԼĴϢأڲ
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ҶȥܿϵȹӺǰ֣ܿͦ嶥ǰô˶ôôеԡ
Ҷסѩ׷飬ѣͦʵľԼ˫¼š
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ҶΧסܿһһҶһȥͬʱźӣҺãڸкüˡ
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ܿһܷܷ鲻ԽץסҶͷ
ҶͷΧסܿĺӣһȻ˫ԸƵָؼסܿǲͦ٣мɵһꡢ
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Ҷ㽫ѩƵıڿϸϸ˱ţǾӨ׵岻ϸ⻬˵ԣɢһƢҶüֱҪ
Ҷһᣬ뿪ܿѣֻʣ˫ͦ˫塣
ܿĺڱ伱٣ɵýκ졢ѹֵӳĽ㣬ߺϡ
Ҷٴκסܿһűۼͦ飬ͷһֻҲסܿһֻͦԵĽ飬ôĴָᲦţҶʳָָ£нܿĺӣҡ
һϸϸܿ˫͹ǵļ顣
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Ҷ뿪ܿ鷿ϸϸƷλܿ壬ܿƤϸ۰׾ȳƣ͹֣ĺ󱳣ԲʵļͷԸʮ㣬첲࣬ͬź
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ܿ˫˶ͦŵɽ壬ңӦ嶥ǳɫͷ͸
֮һϿһƽġĸܿǽ׹ۺȼ䣬Ŷ鼤ţܿķںھɵСϣһͻڻĶˣϸӯӯķһ˫֬һ㣬ϸ⻬Բʮˡ


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ܿĿգԸеıǿ͸ȼյĺѲܿԼ˫§סҶĲӣΪܿһ˫ȵļſȸԭѰƱϸۼְ͸״Ҷ㽫ͷһֱյ֮ܿ䣬ôĦڲ󡢴Ƶļһ֬廬
Ҷһ˫ȼỬѲͣܿȾͷ˵Ͽǰ
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ܿѹֲסͣؽ̣ɲͣɸӭҶİ
ҶѾˣ˵̣ҪӴ
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ҶԽԽҰس壬ªľް뵽һȫ¶ȥڻаĳ鶯УкüܿɬظоҶ˶Ĺͷ񴥶һصĲ֪ĵ˸еֹ̼֮Ļϡ
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ԼһǵĽҲɵýޡκ졣
Ҷ޼̢һ˿ҡ޹ǵѩ塣
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˶ͷƿеڣסĹߴĽᡰһද˲УҶһֵָֻסܿȫѪ̺һ࣬һֻסܿ飬ָס嶥ϽС硢̺Ŀɰͷһ꣬ҶͷסܿǺӡѲӲͦĽͷҧ
Ϲ˼Ҫˡ˼Ҫ˰ܿ
Ҷһ¶͹һŷƮƶˣƮƮػ֪Ʈδ
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ԼѼΪ˸Ƕڹ뷿֮ȴǾȡ
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뵽С費鶯ƻ𣬽ĿҲ֪ĿʼԼ塣
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Ҷ㽫˶˿ֵ۷壬ܿһߣĿ꿪ʼתƵ鶯̵Сϡ
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Ҷ㿴С迴ǻģѨҶľǵ÷·Ҫըһ㣬Ѷ̿𣬼Ҫһĵطеȫͷųȥ
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СĹģĹ·һġӵ޵ذҶĴͷ
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Ҷ˫ַסСķΣţСҶϵ߶壬Ť˶ƨɣһſҶϣҶɫߺʣϹϲҶϲ
ҶЦţ鶯µţ
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ĻǳǳĽЦҶͦ壬СĹţСҲŤŷĴƨɣġĹȻߣҶִġӲľ
СŤ壬Ժ㷢Ʈɣǰķ²ֻ溬룬㺹졣
߶ߣ˼ʮ£ȻҶϣŤŷ۵ķΣʹҶľȫûĹͷĥŻġ
ҶĿз֯һڴȻ鰮ޱߡ
һɫ͸ҺĹѨŪû塢ճģСҶϵ߶Ťתʱͻᷢ󡱵
СĹȽҶľСҶľߣţСĹддȫ
ʱСĹӿһش̼ҶľͷͬʱСҲӿ˵ŤٶȣҲࣺϹ̫ˡ̫ˡ̫ˡҡҪˡñҡ㡭ˡܲˡ㡭ø硭ҲˡҪˡ˼ҪˡҪˡҶʱҲеӼβǴһһֲ֪ʹ㲻ͦ壬ҲţӡҡŶҪ㰡ҶǸ񾭴̼žһһҲƲסɽһ̵ҽӾѸǿעСĹ棬Ĺġڵ⻨ġ
Ҷ岻ͣس鶯ţСĹﶯţСҲסزţĹȱںСţҶľšţСһܡһĹ
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СſҶϣҶҶ۾Ҷ촽۽üԾ⡣
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СҶĻߵɫ糺죬һͷҶĻŽҲ㣬ҵĺϹ.ԸóС輤ıϵˣ֫ĲȻӲȴǼޱȵ񷽲ܿǰӭţҶ㳢һַζĿ֡
ڸеɬͬʱ͵ۿһ¶裬֪ѩǲѱסҶĻԼһ۵ĽĥţӣСҲ޵
ѩ׷۾ΧȦɫϣ˳ص״죬ʱ鷿ɫԲϸ߸ߵͦ𣬶Եͦ͹㣬⻬ȻʧԲļź¶⣬ȹߵĿ¶ѩ޳Ĵȣʵ¡ԲԲ˼ĽǶϸγһ˵ߣҶ㿴˫Ҫ
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裬ԸС
Ҷߵţѩ΢ۣѩ׵ҧʪ촽һƤģԸаôñԸжˣɫϹȻôûǷˡ
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ҶµϲΣ˶ͦĺҶ΢΢Ҷվѩ󣬽ĽųԵĴС
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ĥѩɧͣźĥˡѲɡҶ㿴ɧ͵飬,ҶԼǰúˡ
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ѩҶ§ŤҡΣ˽УมˡҡˡҲˡӴҪˡϹϹˡҪˡҪˡҪˡȾҰɡˡ񫡭ˡ氮ˡมࡡˡѩ۶ţ˱Źͷ̱ڴϣҶѩˣ̧޳ȷڼϣֵ£ʹ۶ͻͦø͹ڽ۵۶ͦͷڻĥˬѩڡ㷢ҷɡ˲ɧţมҵȷ¡ܲѽ˿㺹ˮŪʪ
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484
šָץҶ󱳣Ҷ㽫۶ڳ͡
СɵҶ촽Ťü۽𽿺ұɫˮ΢Уӣ΢΢ţ߽ޡ
ҶץԲĺ飬۶壬޳ѩ׵Ĵϵߣխ۶Ҷ侫ĳ嶯
Ҷ㰵뻹ûкúõôͽʣæֹͣ͡
ҪҪͣҪʵԲƴͦײҶĸ
һ泩ŵ飬ղܡ
Ҷſ§нֱ֣סҶĲӣ޳ȶŹסҶҶμȼ䣬ֵͦҶͷʱ
Ҷҧ٣šۻĴȣӭŤŽ۵ķ塣
ͷײӹѩ׻۵Ťĳ鶯ǰͦš
ۺ۶н鴤ӨİҺһƳͳϲýҶزµ츾ҳ鶯Բĺһζ˫ֱҶıָץѪۣӣС˷ܵҧҶļ
ʪҺĽʹ۶еԽԽִСխ۶
Ҷխۻ۶ֻض۶ĵײ۵ӹ䶯ѩת۵䶯
߶ĻӦĳ룬ϸ޳Ҷκ£΢С콿תҶָŪ۵⡣
ѩҡӯİҺʹ۶ʱ--󡯵۵ĺ촽СɵҶϣ󣬼򶯣Ҷ鶯խ۶еҶռͦԲ壬ָ۵⡣
ѩ޳˫ȴֿͦηͦʣͷÿһ¶۵ӹҺס
Ҷסӣӯֵ壬ѹеͷӹڡ
ߵķ͵ͨ죬ȵʪ۶ڽճĤعסнѩ׵Σ޳ѩ͵ظ߸ֱߵİҶڿ䣬۶鴤ճ廬İҺߺУˬˬˬˡѽιϹϹŶŶҺһ˵ġСԩҡҪҡˡ֡ˡҡҪййˡСԩҡˡҶֵ߳æĳɻس壬ѹźද˰źۻҶĲӣѩ촽´¶űƵİҶ˻˻͵ĳڷļԲļͷɢ
Ը˵ġźߡҶǰҶס̴˱ŷӣĶ˵ĺģ˿ûƽʱ˻ƵͳϢʪ󣬽ԸеӱҶŵСЪӿԭ嵭ŨҶ㱧ڴϷʼս۶⻬ĴȣϸСȼڼϡ
ǰϿʼͳͲ壬뽿С۶ѩճİҺ۶ιŴȽʪ
Ҷ䶯޹ǵѩתӭҵץסҶƨɣСʮָƵץ°ȥ޳ȽסҶȡ
ƽС΢΢͹ٵɶ鴤
ʪ̺΢ţཱུС۶⶯йճİҺߺ죬彿㺹۵㣬ҶסʪͦŤźɢ
ֻ۶Ĳƿ޽ƿḺ̌Ҷ㻳С
Ҷ޹ǵѩʶţڽСխ۶г鶯ͷӹڡ
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ѩ׽Ҷ²޳ȸ߾١
΢ӣС켱ٺţỬ޳ɬҶ
ŽסӹϵĹͷදΡ
ҶĹͷƿеڣס۶දָסѪĽСָס嶥̺ͷꡣ
Ҷ㸩סʺ㴽ͷס̴࣬ڷ㣬ۻҺ
ס㻬˱ӣС챻⣬ߣҶС۶ڳ壬ͷ۶ڵǿĦ飬ѩСխ۶ڵסΡ
ʪ۵Ĥزڰ䶯ҶѼˡ
ҶȽխ۶ȥҧü壬Өӽյж⻬ѩ׵ҶϣҶĹͷС۶දѹ
ѩ͵һΣıסҶ̵ˮһйעҶеͷޱȣ̲סҺ䵽ӹ
ͷŻģЮůˮ۶ڽţҶ㾡ѩܰ
ذȷֳػӭҶ롣
زס䶯̵ľҺôУԸн㺹졢ҶٵҶ˽һҺ߰ߣͬʱ߳§ţҶйʼſḧѩԸе壬ѩҶİ泩ζڼʹĻ䣬һҶϹҶ㰮ˡ
ҶĶԹţղ治ˬˬأѩͨ죬Ƿɢڽϵ·Χϵĳȹϵãּͷĺɫ㣬ֱ޳˽ȥĵϹ֪ʵģˣ˼ҳ޵ˡ
͵ϲˡ
ҶԲʵԵĺ鰮ֵࡣ
Ϲҡ㡭㻵ѩ¸ԲϵȹסȣҶ㿴ʱŶͦʹˡ
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á˭ѩ˵ţСȴḧϱ΢΢Ĳλ
ѩ˫죬ߴŪ
۵ĴѹҶĦ
Բιճ˳ŷεĻʾɫĺۼɫȹ߿Ĳڴ΢к¡СǿԳа״
ϵķ鷿ɫţӲͦͷγԵͻ
Ϲϲѩת˵ʱ̬ˣԲҡΣղＱĶû˼ҵ·ٸһᡣ
ôһ˵ҶתѩסʮԲΣء
ٴμιӲͦͦصϣĴָʳָסͷѹеԵ塣
Ʒŷͦ͵ԣ۵⣬еԵĸرҶŪ࣬鷿գСɵͻĴָʳָѸ߸⡣
Ūѩĸأѩԭ鷿Ūøӱ
ҶĴɾһֱֻƽССڿ㼷¡ŪŶŨϸë̽ĵײ
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污Ĳ۵
㲼Ͻѹˮ۶ĥ롣
ѩ΢΢ضӣ۾üͷҧ촽зεԲҶ㼷Ҷ㿴ĺ촽˵Ϲ㺬ɫϹ
ѩҶҪߺ˷
ҶǺɫȻôܹõ㰡
Ҷᰴͷѹ
Ҷԩҡ
ѩ糺ɬ΢ۡſӣСͷӣСģѩҶһۣŹͷñ˱ҧ׽³Ūš
ҶѩӣСƷţĿɢȫ˱ŪøӴִ
Ҷָ̽ѩԲԵĴȡ


485
ź⶯죬Һڵر࣬ŪҶֶʪġ
ѩϱºĺ촽˱
̡졣
Ҷ˳÷ùͷϸĺ촽ĥţմˮͷҶͷĴţžž
ͷĨһˮù⻬еԵķȥ
ѩû뵽Ҷӵľٶ߼׽סҶʪ촽ӹͷһףԵغŪš
ıڽĿУȴֵŪסҶغëµĿ޵Ҷ㣬вϷڳĿˮͷŪظӹ
Ҷ㿴޵ѩҶ׿ٵ£˱ŹͷŪҶץסĸĦɵתš
˷ܵסԲĺ飬סؽ鷿˵״ка
Ҷ쵽ŵȼ䣬ż⣬ýĴֺڿѹеˣҺŽŵĥ͸ĺɫҶϡ
ءô˼ҡùְҪҲҪѩ³߼Ľ쵽ҶĽš
̼Ҷ㳢һǰûеĸо
Ҷ㰴סļֹĶͦС
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ĺġô֡ءô󡭡มѩӵϸ˳򶯣Ȼ޷룬뵽ļޣµš
Сֻصָɦš
ѩ޵ӣСſѹͷڣס첢á
ѩſС³ͷڹͷϹţִ׶ڹͷۿΰɫҺ塣
šҧͷ˫Ҷϲͣظš
ѩ̬ʮӣҶоСһǿҵĿдӹͷӵȫ촽ԹͷҶ㾫ش󿪣ŨŨľҺѩУѩ߼ţҶףС졣
ѩ޷ѣֻεļ˱࣬ࡱĽҺ̽ȥҶָǵľҺ˱մҺָ
û˼ҳľҺ
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кӪģҶ㻹ء
Ҷ˵ţҶľҺյĹܣҶôԽԽͿ֪ˡ
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ѩżһҶա
޵ģҶְѩͷѹѩߺŽӯعȥ
֪Ȥ촽˱ŪŪҶֵġ
βɧʴǡ
ŷϸȵѩҶ㴵ķɧӣҶץѩͷǰʶѩнڳȹµĴȣŤջ
Ҷĺڳȹʪһѩ⻬ʵĳȣͷŪţֻһ֡ˬѩһ޵УҶ۵ѩϵζŪʧͦεĺ顣
ѩͨ죬Ͼ鸧ŪͷŹͷ
ҶͦͷӣСʶϸСŪתº³Ҷϣֲڸϸխǿ۶׼롣
Ŷóʵѩ׶Σ̡ĽţҶ飬ĽŶŶˬɵҡ̫ˬˡŶŶŶŶŶɡˡŶŶŶԡ塭ԡมҡܲˡࡡ桭͸ˡѽҡҪ˰ˬ桭󰡡ҡġСѨԲˡࡡϹ֡ɵҡѨġˡมมҡ顭ˡมมѩŤͦ鷿εţҶסѩĺ꣬ĺԼͦͷӲ綹
ѩ۶Юͷ
ˬϹ̰ϹĸɡมϹɵÿมҵĺϹมĸɡԡˬˡҡมˡมˡʶӣźϽͷ㷢Ļζֵ˽кġ̡֯ţҶͦӭĶͷֱĻģѩת˽š
ࡡҪˡӴˡҪ˰ѩĽҶϲϸϸ
Ҷ㷭㺹Ľѹ£ֱѩ۶ţס
ѽҰɡʵܲˡ㡭ҲˡӴˬѽѩڶʹ۶˱ͷҶľҺ
ҺۡҪˡвСˡ챻ĥ˰ҶͷϣôֹͣأҶγ۶ڿϸխĲб廬ΰϣסѱҺһͿϸС٣ͷٿڵֱͦͦزȥ
۰Ҫ졭γôء۰ҪѽȴҶҶ޳Ĵȼڼѹȥֱѹŷ۰׵ĺ飬ѩ׷弸ۣҡνߺķź
ѽôſҡγҪʹŽѩţ͹ɢ㣬Ҷ㲻ΪĽͷǳǳĳ鶯Ҫҵƨ۰ѩȷϸ΢ĺ׵ҧԸеĺ촽Ťš
ڵΧŹͷ䶯Ҷ㿪ʼСȵĳ壬ֵָס۶еٻʳָ۶ŪҺصתš
มมšСȵ٣ѩѹֲסĴӺƽС
Ϊ˼ʹҶϮأӱĲа¶ͦĺ飬ѩϸű򣬺һسȱİΣҶָϳŪš
ѩƨתı⸧ŪŹͷ
ѩŤŽԵΰҶСתھйᴩͷŪųϵ⡣
ϾͺˣҪ裬Ͼˡ
ѩѩ۵ҶŤΣһƬ졣
Ŀ΢ţڳ
ƨۺýû
Ҷָ¸һֱȸỮָŪ͹ˣĴָ۵ʳָ۶Ħ⡣
ѩľٲнǰ۶ҲָŤҺ
Ҷͦǿ
С۰̫ˡͷҶļϣ糺Ҷߵʹ
ֳָҺѹǵʹꡣ
ءô̼˰ԭƨۡҲôϹ滵ҲҪˬѩԲ̵ƨϹţ鷿ҶĦ
Ҷ㽫ͷס۵ľջȫ룬ѩխȵ۶лҡ
١ٹҺϲҡҡѩҶߴصĺţֱҶĶ䡣
Ҷ㿪ʼ˱ϸ۵Ķ񾱡
ϲĴּ͡ٵˬˡѩҶӵĵ̳ױ޵˽󲻾˼һڷ˵ĻֱƬձŮš
ŽžټҪжҶѹϣױȵĿС
ͦε鷿ΡΡػζƽ̹С弸۵Ȼûһ˿׸⣬Բ̵ƨۻⱻҶײˡ
Ҷ뿪ľ٣ҶŽϲλ룬εƿƵķ΢ġۡһܵľƵպϡ
Ҷſ˫ڴߴӴĽҶȼ


486
ȸϸۻĴȼĦţǰ׵ĲӣԲļ򣬻иʵİ壬µζԲ̵ƨɡ
Ҷַסָأָͷת΢΢ǰ۵⣬ιĦţ޵ѩ糺죬٣Բ˳ĦСȵŤš
ҶĶ˱ʳָָŪţ
ָĦ۶ڵ⣬ָۻˡ
ָ޹ǵ䡣
ԲΣѹڽ۵Ħͷβǰ鶯ˣ˱ӲȵĴаŪòزš
ѩҧѹǿҵĿС
󻬵Һ۵سſϸС롰ꡱ΢졣
۶ĵսסͷʹյ⡣
ѩıֱĹողϳȻֲ뿪ʼ͡
խ۶ͨܵڣͷӹľϣ§С˵Ľ²Ρ
۶ʹ׳İŵޣ߸ش롣
ѩϢѩ׵ļȾɺɫ
۵Ϣ崫΢ꡱ۶šߴߴҺ۶̡زвסֱǿĳȵܺͺķϣС״ˣ͡
زͣ糺ش۶䶯ƣҶͦкǺŪš
̲ס˰ѩ˿üͷס۶Ƶʵ۵ͿĨʪİҺ
۷۶ĳ鴤ţصҶĻԲ̵εҶͦĴžߴ졣
ô̼ܲˡҿˡϹ̫ˡ̫ˡ̫ˡôˬϹޡǡġ̫˰ðࡡˬŶŶˬɵҡ̫ˬˡŶŶŶŶŶɡˡŶŶŶԡ塭ԡมҡܲˡࡡ桭͸ˡѽѩͷҶļϣԸеĺ촽ҶĶ״εصૡ
Ҷѩ۶ڹýģͣĹ̼ۡ
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Ҷ㽫Բ𣬷׵֭Һϳ˳̺ⷭȦһŵԲס޷ȫİҶµĶݺݵطΣǿĶ۶͹ͷϵӹ˱ȵİҺӹڼȴĹͷڰܣ˿к
ͻĸоѩϵŤš
Ҷ㻺̧ΣʹϳŵͻȻһɣξͳֱ
ԵһŢʪ۶һţһɹҺŰֱ˲ûͷ
Ҷһ糱ĳ壬ڿοǿҵطٳһ߷壬Լ߽ʣá塭嵽ˡมҡ͡มม֡ô֡ôҪˡҪˡมมܲˡءมˡˡءҶ۶§סϸվѩɫȹȹŻԲƨк˵ؽȹγߣľʹӸġ
Ұ·𡭡СϹҪôѩǵصվˣҶ㽫ִ°ȥ
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ҶСԲ鷿ѹ͹ͷĦĦƬʮ⡣
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ҶѩŴִİ
ٲһҪѩｿܾţȴסظŪŰ
ҶӲ濪洦ĳȹڿ۶ڣڳҺ΢΢һͦڿȿⴽȥ
ͷʵس۶ڴѨڣ۵⹵ĥڲ꣬ʪڳҺ
ڿ㶼ȥˡมѩĽҧ´ء
Ҷ㽫ѹѩ΢ŵϣڿ㱡˿Уͷòǳǳ۶ڡ
ʮץŤڼ
ѩ٣糺죬ͷ¶ѩ׵񾱣ԸеŹͷĦתţڴҶһͦҶӯͦΣǰѹƹͷűһ۶ϸϸĴ뻬䣬ŪŽСƨۣͦ۶ڵĦ
ʱ˻һ죬˿ڿ㱻ͷûܵ谭ꡱһ룬СĴϣžһ
ֶˡѩƲסؽͷҶļϣԸе޴Ҷ߽


487
Ҷĺ촽ͷ̽С﷭ӦҶ㣬ҶץסԺĺڷ˱۵ͷס´˱ס࣬ʼٳ壬۶ϴ׵Һ
ѩ˱ҶͷҶĿˮ
ƺ޷΢΢ż⡣
Ҷ뿪촽˳ѩ׵˱źۼڲϣļ˱ͣڹҸŪ
ššӴ⡭ǡ̫ˡŶŶԡˡ㡭ŶġššĿˡ졭졭ҪˡáҡҡááˡϹҪѩٵغҶźָۣƣ˳񱳣ִӺཫɫԲмͦĺ¶ӳֵĲм伷һߣϻԲĺżͦ۵⣬ԵĸرҶŪӣҰĽͻ
ѩеĺӺ󣬸Ҷ°С֪ͦ
ָ꽿ͦ⣬ʪյ۶ڵعס۶ڱڵҺĦŰ֡
ָסѱҺʪľꡣ
ҪҪôҰѩҶҷԸе̴ںȵ۶Һ
ѩһطգڸǿοҶ˫ּĽǰ٣˵Ľ²Ρ
۶ţʹ󽫽ŵޡ
ѩٵĺѩ׵ƳĿжһ²
Ҷ̧ΣŪƨ۵ָ˳ų󻬵Һ΢΢룬һؽڡڶؽڡ𽥱ɰ۵ľջû۶ĳ壬תָ
ѩ̱֫ϲҶҶĶ³Ϣ
ҪҲҪ˵ĽȻĶ촽򷢳ƵıϢ¶˵ľˡ
Ҷ㽫۵ѹסĳ壬Ħӣˡ
Ҷ㸧ķƹȿĴϣ׷ʣ˵˵ϲมϲϲءҺϲҡѩüͷ糺ССĺ飬ϱºʪ촽һһϣ¶ɫͱ飬ԲƨŤӭҶĳ塣
Ťúɧ
Ҷͦ۶ﲻ֪ƣĳš
ม֡˼̲סมôְ㡭ึˡѩ巢޷ƵĽˬáҺˬҪһҪ塭ҡ˷ܷķӯӭ۰ױгιҲʪܵġ
Ҷʪ۶еֹͣ͡
ϹҪѩеú
۶˷ܵò̲סֿʼ壬ڱڵĦ
ѩҶĳ䶯Ҷĺ꣬۵ͷֱͦͦز
խС۶µҺ
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Ҷָ۶Ĩ˵㰮ҺյǰѩɵſԸе˫Ҷָڿ˱ɵͷһȦȦشת
ҶָڽʪƨĦ˳Һ룬ҵĳ塣
ѩԵƴΣֻʣͷ۶ٺݺݳص۶ﶥϣ˲ļȿʹСţมûô֡Ҷ͵ȫ룬ʹǰ۶
á桭졭ššมมšáˬ㡭Сมܲˡมมˬѩͷֱ̿ˮŽӺ޷Ƶ
ѩʮֺã峬ͣ۶ԼҲżǿԺ͵ԽԽ̼Ҷۣͷ˷ܵǴ۶ڵһһ
áǿมôء䡭มมҶԲΣ׼۶سġžžŰ۶ǿҵĦճˮÿļ
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Ҷڴֳʹ۵ʱ쳣ĳ
ʼֻСС䣬ô󲿷ֵ۶ڳݣس˷ܼӿ켤ϰҺϵε۶ԼҪвλҲ̼ʹŵĵͺߣฺô֡มܲܲˡ˰̫ˡܲܲˡҺˬˡҪˡˡѩҪϢһڿеĲУٳͣͷѩ۵ӹҺסѩ׵鷿鲨ѩһֹ۶סֹסһк
ǿҵҶۣҶ㲻Сһ£УҶҪˡ
졭䡭䡭ҡҪѩӭҶ㡣
ҶͷۼһǿľҺ۶ͬʱҺһԴԴϵس䶯ӹڣҺ佽ڴܾſľںͻģ˲ӹ強۶ڵӰΧ⣬ڹƬꡱҶľˮһ䣬泩ý󺰣Ӵʹ졭ѩذҶ㱧Žģ彻
ǵҶӶĽѩСϿе۷壬ֱŮҲܳΪֹ
ǰĶǵĴս󣬰಻סеӰҲԼǲӲͦӳҶǿҵİ죬Ҷ㳢ŮƵζֱһӵһ㡣
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488
Ҷ㣬ݷԼǰ߹뵽ݷ裬ݷҶĴ̼
ҶžԼˣ֪ݷһ£ԼݷңţɯţҶ㵥ǰҶɫɫɫһƬߺ졣
ʱִһ㣬˭˰?ʱɯһţѵҵŮҡ
ŶǻҶǰһֻۺɫĵͼۣճʵأϸ֫¶Բȣ¶ôʱţ˵츾Ϸ顣ճõģ͹͹ðİһ˫޳ȣСȽʵԲ󣬴ȷԲĶҡ
ʱɯܵҵãأҵŮҶ㡣
Ҷ˵ݷС̣ôƯ˵ݷĽأôᣬˡ
ҶĿ佱Ҳܸˡ
ʱɯ˵ģҵȥˣҼҳˡ
ȿһ£Ҳˡ
Ҷ֪ͨݷĸ׸оģȥһ ¶ģؾڼϿװģģݷȻݷţҶˡ
Ҷ㿴Ľ˵ĺ촽ѹȥǵͷһƬȡ
УʱҶ뵽˳еɯĸȥýʲôҪæġ
תɯڳæµš
ҶһѱסɯĸҶ㰡
ɯһתҶ㣬ɫһƬߺ죺Ҷ㣬ôˣ
ο²ĸġ
˵ָɯʵķ顣
ɯţҶ㣬ҪûڿءҲܣھҪ㡣
˵ţҶһ§ɯŪɯ鷿˵áĸôûң
˵ĸȻģޣãµóҲģģĽĸ
һ߿ɯĽ
СȥӴɯԲΣҶ̸߸ߴ񣬶ɯҲӦøܵӲضסĦţһҶ㣡߰ģǵȥɣ
Ҷ㲻˵ֻɯϮӲظ۶ɯιɹ֮Ħš
Ҷ㣬ĸѾˣҪˣ㣡ػڿаɯţϢ
˭˵ĸˣĸԲĳأ
Ҷһ˵ţһɯֱۣĦѩ޳ȡ
ԵģҶ㣡
ɯʧתƾҶ㣬ɯ±ؿ,Ժô˰
ҶҪ˫գԲܲ˵ؽɫ̽ɯ֮䣬ץסеش
ɯصشϢһذҶ㣬Ҫĸз֮Ҫˡ
ҶǹЩһ§סɯסӣСڡɯŵõɴ۾ŷȴͷ¹С˱
ɯԽԽʧҶʪ֮УҶɫҶ㵬ʷء
ɯԵģҶ㲻ģ
ĸͳȫҵһƬİɣҺ벮ĸСѨҶ³ؽɯѹ£ٴסӣСڣ»ɽ֮צҰسۣȻǺһѩױ嵯˳ɫֱͬһ֣Ħɯѩ׷壬Ҷ±任Ÿ״ɯס촽Ȼ鲻ԽطŢϢۺɫӣѾسѪ𣬱ѡ
Ҷͷ캬סɯ壬ɯصشϢһţѩ޳ȶšɯѩ׷屻Ҷõҧ˱šɯѾҶ˱ö飬˫ְסͷĦţ·Ҷͷһ
Ҷһֻɫֳ׳ۣ찡ɯȻһխСķۺɫأڿ㶼ǷۺɫģȴҶˣҶ㿴Ҷ㼱²ĸڿ㣬ɫֱɯ֮ĹĹ档
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ɯ鲻Խѩ׵弱ͦ·ӭҶָĽ롣Ҷ㵱Ȼֽ̽ȥָòɯصĴϢѹŵɯĹĹҶò֮£ѾʳˮʪճҶָ
ɯǰѾ԰ĿֱҶյʧȥǣɯŤѾҶ壬áˣǵ겮ĸ
ҶɯԼ˫ϣһֻɯ˫飬һֻ˸߹Ĳĸ²Ƭһʪ͸İҺѾ˲ĸĴȡҶɯ˵áĸɧôˮĸѾôˣھҶúòһɡ
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˵ҶӵѾҶĲĸ߳ܵţšҶ㡭ҪѨ𡭡Ŷѽѽ
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Ҫɡҡ𡭡Ŷš
ɯֱҶҶɯϿʼлŮ
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Ҷ㡭ġĸมš㡭มСѨϲ÷Ĵ󱦱ɡšáม
ҶĴ󱦱ڱλؼס󱦱׶
šมˡá
ʱɯβһǰһͦѨĲƵģ̲סȥŪԼ˫ϵСӣң޲ýҶıܴδβԼӹţšŶšš


489
ɯʱ׶ʱǰͦżҲűĥתʱ󺣵ƮۣҡҡѨеˮˮĽɯ˽УáҶ㡭̫ˡšࡡúáมšࡡšš
Ҷ㡭÷š˼Һˬม󱦱硭ࡡ㡭桭𡭡šš̫ˡšá
ҶЦĸ棬ôζȷ
ҶȻѴ󱦱һͦһͦĲţһɯϲͣŪͷһ쵽˵ĽӴС١ɯʱѽ㺹ܡ
Ҷɯˣ
ɯġšҡá桭һ㡭á۰šˡ
Ҷࡡࡡҡáᡭࡡáᡭ
˵ţ˫ŲĸΡ
ô󱦱Ĳ嶯ƣ󱦱ֱֻģһֱ׵ĸ˶÷ǳɯôУϡมš󱦱šǸѨ֡ࡡСѨˬáҶ㡭÷ššɡ
š졭Ҷ㡭šɯɲĸСѨ󡭡̫ɡɰˡѽˬˡššˬ
ʱڳڻůݷѲڣΨҶɯлŮ֮С
زĸôãҲǳһҲģȥǣߵڣͿɯҶϣ׶ţϻϸҶĽŲ֪߽ˣ׵ĸͣ¶ɯĻģؿ棬һ뿪˫ŷԼһ궼ѵóһ εĻ˷Ļ棬ϢӣҲĿһĻѪҺǣСѨˮأ벻ɯɯ˵ɧԼֶ㵽һˡ
˵ֹš
ɯŶҵѨġš㶥úáҲáˬšø硭桭šˡ
Ҷ㿴ճ죬˿һ˵ģ֪ѽ߳ˣʹͳݲ壬ͷδֱģɧ˽У
Ҷ㡭ҪˡšûѨҶ㡭һ㡭ʹĸʹЩ𡭡Ҷ㡭
Ҷ㣬壬еɯý㡭ࡡɧˡҶҪĲɡ
ѽ󱦱硭ұĴ󱦱á졭ҪˡĴ󱦱ˡѽҪˡҪйˡ
Ҷ˵ҪйˣƴӽͳͲ塣˵ѽòĸƨͦһҡҪ侫ˡҡˡ
ɯˡ
һ֮󣬴󱦱Ѩеòֺڻ˽ѣйľҺţؽһ𡭡ɯûҶ侫ֹͣ෴СҶֱðֱɯҶ򾻺󣬲Ƭʪ޺촽һɯҶϣԹĿҶ㡣Գ̵ģɯǼֱ˵ûõƵģٿȫ׵ļظϣһԸͦ۵Ĵ鷿ϸСԲƨɷԲµë Ũܶ룬޳ɫĽϣұޡɧ˵ЦݣҶԡ
ɯҶţߺ˫ȿҶϣҶһҷֿԼСѨմҺڴϵҶĿɯСѨǳۺɫ赣ɯСѨһɹʪҺСѨ񼷳ƵţɯҶĹͷ׼Ѩѷ촦΢ǰһûκɬ״̬£ҶĹͷƵĲɯѨˣɯͦȴ¶ӵı飬һǺʹĽüͷһɯı鲢ûҶע̫ãҶ㻹ǵͷҶɯٵĽϴֻҶֳִ СѨ˽ȥҶɯѨſȻĲѨ˷ܵĸоû淨ݵģֻ˸жҶֻ˲ɣ
ɯٰҶĵСѨֻһ̬СҲ泩ģมðšมô֡มšܲˡ˺Ҷ̫ˣɯǰʱҶоҶļͺ൱һ㣬Ҷ̧ͷԼɯĽϴֻɯѨŵ⣬Ҷļֶ˽ȥҶԸܵɯѨҶоýխǷǳĸоҶĲĸมɯˡมɯĴȷֵøˣǰҶѨǸȻӣҶ֪ҶɯΪʵĸоΪҶܵɯѨĻɵ䶯ţˮҲϵĲɯѨ˳ʹɯԭŵӸǶúðҶมĲĸมСѨˡ


490
Ҷ̫ˣտʼʱɯϰߣҶļͻûȫɯѨɯüúɯ뿪ƵģֻһҶСѨ һŵมáֶ͡ӡĸมļ󡭡šĲĸǰҶȫɯСѨɯ˫ҶأʼŬǰͦƨɣŪҡţʹɢ磬Щ˿Ʈۼձ߱㺹סϵı޳죬ɧƵ΢΢üŮ˺̬ҶζģȴɯϣĸҶ㣬һ뵽⣬ʹҶǵøֳĶСѨ
ֶӡมĸСѨԶֻ㡭ֻҶɡֶӡĸ㡭Ҷ㡭ĸĺֶӡҶ㡭มǲĸġðĲĸˬĸҪ㡭ÿɲĸСѨม֪ɯٿѵѨҶļ̫֣ҶеԼɯСѨеýģҶȫһһʵĵͨƵģźŮԽζһ뵽Ǻ츾ԽҶ˷ܵĽ˳ڣĸСѨůýมеҶļˡôˬมҶ㡭ม벻Ŷʮꡭͱ㲮׳ˡĸСѨʱɡšĸˡɯİڵһһµŪʱı۾ĿСҪ׽ƵģҶҲ˳ŲĸİڶµɯŪֻɯѨˮɯ˽˵
ðšҶ㡭ĸֶӡô֡ѲĸСɧѨġĸมֶɵòĸˬĸ⼸׻ˡΪʲôҡˬֶӡĸҶ㡭ĸˡมоô̼Ҷ㡭ɲĸˬˬมĸֶӺˬɲĸĺˬءมԼֶĵطоˬô̼֪Ҷɡôˬมĸ͸ˡĸ׻˼ꡭСҶ㡭ĸҪÿ졭ɲĸСɧѨòáɯͦ
ǶԼͦ 鷿ҲŻζҶ̲ס˫ָǶӲͷŪȫ ɯˬţҶֶӡšˡม簡ҶˡֻܸɵòĸôˬˬมֶӡɵòĸѨˡม졭ҶġɽĸСѨĸҪ㡭ҪҶ㡭ɯʱͦƨһһµŪţĥתһӣټٵͦΣѨĸŪţʱµͷҶСѨʢҶĹֶӡมšĸˡĲĸˬˡมĸҪֶӵ԰¡ɯҪ硭ɯСѨม׸硭Ҷ㡭ֶӡĸˡɯΪŮ˵ܣȫҶۻԼ鱩ľ鷢йӭҶļ ҡƨɣˮˮôʪ˺һƬСѨˬมҶ㡭ĸĻġ㶥ˬˡ顭ˬšˬҶˡม졭ɯҪԡɲĸɧѨมˡšɯٵĴϢͽ˽ҶҶ˷ܲѣǿԼֳޱŮխѨţҵĿκθо޷ȵģҶҲ ġҶ㡭มֶĸĻˡˬѽˬĸСɧѨˡ˼ˬˡมҶ㡭졭˼ҵСɧѨมԡҶǲĸ׸硭硭มɯԭ崿ȴģټСѨеĿкͲʱҶͷˮˬҶǵøӲ֣Ҷ㱧ֱͦƨɡҶ㡭ม\ĸֶӡมĸĸαšĸˡҪɵҶˬˡ졭ĸҪйˡ졭СѨйˡĸҪйֶˡʱɯ֮ǰš


491
ԼҶŪӲСѨһĽҧҶļֳͣһɹ̵ˮ硭มĸйˡĲĸˬйҶˡɧѨˬˡû߳ɯڶҶ鱩ۻˮһֱҶĹͷϣҲŸ߳ˬжĵҶϣһɹɵˮСѨҶҶƨ£ѴŪʪһƬúܲˣøոɯйһξҶܿľͽ侫ĳ嶯
һҶɯѾйýˣҶæڵϣǰɯҶ治ҶۣΪɯѩϸ۵ļͦ鷿ۺɫͷ԰ɫ Ρƽ̹⻬СݵĶꡢͷƵ˳ë޺ɫĴʺɫС ʷۺɫ٣Ҷţ͵㡣Ҷ̲סſɯϣֲͣڵ˫ϴţ鷿ϵͷ֪ɯַϲĺͬʱԶĳ˫ȣҶˮСѨڣҶ㷢ǵĴͷʪķʺදš
šҶˡมҶ㡭ĸĺֶӡ졭콫ɯɧѨɡมĸˡҶ硭˼ҵСѨҶĹͷ궯֮£ɯˮѷ ĳһСϪҶ֪ɯ൱ĿҶϿ콫СѨÿѨҶ㻹æ ŰɯСѨֻѨڸ١Ҷ㡭ĸܲš˼ҪҶġ졭ĸСѨҪҶšҶ콫ɯš㡭šŮ˵ԭʼɯ鵴ȻͨҪҶСɧѨɧ͸ǵ̬ҶѾĵջ̼գµǵִӲҶùͷĥɯʺʪĦº󣬾Ͱѹͷ׼ɯѨȻҶǰһͦĲɯʪǳСѨ 棬Ҷһ壬̣һҶ׳˶ӲɯѨڵˮ˳ľͲɯȵСѨˡô֡มҶֲĸɧѨˡมôְɯɧѨġð졭ĸĺֶӡɲĸɡĸɲĸɧѨΪ߸ϵĲĸһܷйҶ̲סĳ𣬴̼ҶɯѨҲ鷿 ŪǻԲʵƨɣҶ˵ǰԸˡʴǵŮˣֻҶ㷢йŮˣ֮˿ֻĹϵ
ʲôɹϵҶ׵Ժˣมĸĺø硭มɵ˼ˬˡԡֶӡص㡭ĸมĸĸαมɵ˼ҡ̫ˡɯŮտõխյѨҶеʮˬСѨ ԽԽҶˬѣҶˬʹĿ͸ɣٹͷɯĻĺҶ ĻŪ˼£ֳ鵽ѨĥĥȥȻʹĺݺݸ룬ֱĻġˬֶӡ̰ĲĸֶӡĸɯมҶĺӹֶӡɵòĸÿมɯͣͬʱļŮƵķ˵ŤҡƨɣӭҶǿĳҶҲҶСѨҵĿţʲô׵µĹ淶ͱСѨĿиȡˣมɯҶɵĺˬมܺɯˬšСѨеҶˡֶӡĸҲˬɵġมĸѨࡡˬม졭ԡٲ㡭졭ĸˬมҪĸˬˡһ㡭šáɧɯҶɵݻƨɸһŴҡͣʪѨҲһһɵҧҶĹͷˮһͣ
ĸĺֶӡมĸɡԡˬҶˡҶ㡭มĸɵˬˡɧѨˬֶӡ㲮Ҫ졭ɡมĸҪһӶɡҶ㽫ɯ˫̧ߣҶϣ СѨͻİҶɣɯҲ˳Ƶ˫ֽ§Ҷı˵ֱŤθͦףŤӭҶٶȡĸ׸硭มɯˡ硭ɵɯѨˬˡĸĸαมֻܡɵòĸôˬมô ɯĽɵʹҶ㾡ĻζƨɣСѨﲻͣĳ ҶµɯҲŬŤͦƨɣĽţȻİպͼٵĽУҶ֪ɯĵ˷ܺͼ
ֶӡɵòĸˬˡมĸĻĺáมมˬšֶӡɵɯˬˡҶ㡭㡭졭ĸҪˬˡɯͽͣ˫ֽ§Ҷ ͰƨӭҶСѨ壬ˬҶĳţÿһζҶĹͷĥɯĻתʹɯˮֶͣӡûɯѨมҶ硭ɵҶˬˡมมҶ㡭ĸѨˡม졭ĸĺֶӡٸһ㡭มɲĸѨɯҶɽĲ֪й˼ΣĵϵĻ̌ҶĲСѨͣĺҶ㡢Ҷ㡣


492
ҶĲĸˬมԡĸСҶ㡭ֶӡ塭มɲĸ塭ԡɯɯˬɡมׯɯҶˬѲ֪ԼٽЩʲôˣڵֻҪҶĸСѨѣҶ˫ŽҶϵı񵴸ް˿¶ӣʱţҶǵĳɯǳˮС Ѩมˬĸ׸硭ɵҶ׸ɵ ҶˬˡԡҶ㡭㡭졭㡭ҪͣԡมˬˡҶ㡭Ҷ㡭ҶҪййˡɯҶ˫ҶһֱĥţŮĿɯʱ˿ȫҶ㼤ҵĽţ˫ָıţҶ㱬Ե͵ĳһһεԽĸ߳ҶҲɯﵽ߳ʱͷĵסɯӹɯСѨⲻͣ䶯Ҷ㼦ͳƵĲͣ˱ŵĿкѨС
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ĸҶ㻻ƣվŲ壬òã˵˵ţҶصššĸ˶ҶˣֻҪҶϲĸ㡭šҶϲվŸءؾվɡҶɳϵأɽǽߺҶرǽڣȻҶһ§ ĸ ĸϸһֽص˫ֱ𻷱ҶĲӣҶһ̧صһֻȣȻҶͦصɧѨڶţصסҶˣҶʪѨڣҶһ̣ͦ һ㽫صСɧѨŶǡšҶΪô֡ÿζĲĸǡҶ  صɧѨ󣬻ΪվţصѨȸոոӵխҶԸоصСɧѨﱻҶģһ˿˿϶ҲûУҶһ§صƨҲʼҡΣİѹͷ  ӹĥ˼ºȻ⼱飬ѨĥĥȥȻֺݺݵĲ룬ֱĵġ  硭มĸˡšصɧѨҲġذˡš 벻 ˡҶɵҶมˬҶǰͦĲţˮ¶ַ飬ʺ۵ɧѨΪ Ҷ ŵùǣò˫§Ҷ㣬ŤҡεɧĵˮҶɵĲĸ̫ˡมҶˡšɧѨม Ҷܸɡɵˬˡม졭ɲĸСɧѨ졭ٿ һ㡭ม һ㡭šˡһᣬط糺죬˵ĿƨҶ㣬ɽҶĳ鶯ˡ̡̡ɽСɧѨ⣬ֻɧޱȵˡ


497
š硭ม塭ม˼ҪҪҶ塭׸ ԡม㡭һ㡭ҶҶˡɵ ˬˬˡɽͣšžžײ̡͡  ѨˮѨӹһһ˱ҶĹͷҶˬ̲ סгڣ ĸมСɧѨҶĹͷˡСѨมȡʪ šˬҶ㡭ҲĲĸˬ ͸ɵ˼ˬˡม ԡĸĺҶ㡭มִ֡ӲšֳɡҶֲ嵽ĸӹˡมˡมĸĺñɵĲĸˬص 嶶ɧ̬ҶȤܣգҶ㺬 ۵ͷһֻҲ һ鷿ĳţʹĽͦصСѨص ˮҲ࣬Ѩ˳ ƨɹεϣɧ˵ѨҲҶļ͡áðҶ㡭ĸĺҶ㡭š塭塭ҶҶ㡭มĴͷָɵĸĻˡصĺҶ㡭ɵĲĸˬˡ ҶɡرɵֿйˡĸɧѨҪййˡڲͣ У ѾˬýȻҶľˣʱرĽΣ绨ҶҲԽ Խ죬δ ֱصѨײȪӿˮͬʱҲ̬ϵ ˫ رסҶ㣬ƨƴͦɧѨܸصĹҶ㡭มҶ㡭ҪˡҶɵĲĸˬˡĸ ø硭ɷ򡭡Ҷ㡭ҶҪйҪйˡɧѨءйҶˡصɧѨٴνҶļʱҶ Խ һֻҲʱ˫ֽҶĲӣ˫ȽЮҶʣۻҶ ҶҶֳϵĸɧѨ׸硭มƲˡมˬҶ㡭ɵĲĸˬˡĲĸɧѨҶܲˡ˼ˡҶ˫ֱصȽѹǽϣ ɧѨ ţ֮زò˫ֽıҶı˷ܵĲͣţƨɸ̰ҡ ӭҶҶ㡭ĸĺҶ㡭šҶˬมĸɧѨɵĺˬҶ㡭 졭ĸɡšĸҶ㡭ĸĺɷĸɡѲĸม ˬҶصѨ˵ɧҶֺּ ͦƨ ɣҶδζӲ嵽ףÿֶصĻģؽƨŬͦţӭҶĲɣʱѹ˲ǷᴫȥлѷมصҶ㡭ɵҶˬมԡҶ㡭ĸҶม 硭صɧѨˡมĸɧѨˬˡ̫ˬˡ졭ม ĸɡšĸҶѨɡมҶɵˬˬĸСѨš ɧֽˮֶ࡭มҶɵˬˡĸԺҪҪҶġ 㡭มԺҶغòáҶĴ ͡šɧѨֹֹ มҶ㡭صСɧѨ ɵˬˡֲ嵽صӹˡมʮˡĸԺҪҶɡֲӹ ôมšСɧѨػᱻɧѨֲˡม硭졭ҶصѨ ˮʪصëҶ㻹Ǻϧ ĸɣʹĲ壬Ƶģ˫ȽĹסҶͣźͣİڶԡԡصСѨɡมҶ硭ص СɧѨҪййˡĸûôˬĸҶ㡭มĸɷ򡭡졭㡭ɵĲĸйˡɧѨйˡĸɧѨˬˬһ̵ˮӹֱйҶָ֪߳ˣҶصϣͬʱҶصɧѨ ɧѨⲻͣĳ鴤ĿУصӹʹ顢ʹУصˮһһ˳Ҷڲ࣬
Ҷ㿴ѾйýˣҶ㱧ͷ㷢Rҡ̬˵ӣĶҶ˫ص˫ȣ˱Ҷ㱧ʱصĽȻĽҶҶǲѨҶ߲߱ıǰҶؿǽڲϣҶĽҶļ͸˳ȻҶվǰѩ׷졢⻬۵Ľ͸еָͦԲѩ׷鷿Ƿ׺ɫӣҴСͷ̵ͦ޺ɫ棬ʹ˿׵ѩס޺졢ڵںڣɫӳ覴õɢŮ˳ĵķϣֱջ˵Ҷͷ鷿ΧͶ˵Сͷ˫Ҳص鷿Ҷţóڸ߳ϵأּٵĴϢţزҲһһµšҶһеزһС淼µԴڰţָͷĲֻһʪˮϵҶ˱صѨҲͷȥŪ ź۵ر̶С٣һȻͣͷššššมҶ㡭ĸĺҶ㡭졭ٲมĸˡĸҪˡ찡


498
صĻҶվҶһְصϥѹ  ſ˫ţȻסҶǸ͵Ѩĥĥȥֱؼȫ ţ Ѩܵ϶ͦҶŽҶĲؽխСůѨȻʼǳĳšมš硭ðҶֲĸɧ Ѩ ˡ˲ãرҶһ£ּıҶ  ͬʱҲʼҡҶĶһһ׶šĸơมѨ𡭡ɵˬˬมĸ  ѨɵҶˬมšมˬҶɵĲĸˬม 硭 غšɷ򡭡มɧѨˡมðĸ硭塭ľأһͱֵˣ֪λŮҪ󸾰㡢ɳҪ񵴸һɧˣҶҲ֪ĳֱǿͲصѨ
Ҷĺɷ򡭡มɡมɧѨˬม졭ٿһ㡭ĸ ĺҶ㡭šĸɲĸɧѨðมҶô֡šó غˬ֪ص˫ȷֵø˵ѨҲͦĸǰֻһ žž Ҷ㽫صѨʱײҶ ĳ ʹŲҡšԡ硭มúม˼Һˬ졭 ɡĸĺҶ㡭มɵҶˬˬҶˡมԡ塭 มĸءصѨһһŵŪҶͷȶȣҶ ͺѨĥҲԽԽˣˮҶҲˮ͸ˣŮ԰ıܣ ʻ̧ͦأҶɵøšԡม㡭ĸĺɷ򡭺úӡɧˬ มɵ̫ˡҶ硭̫ˬˡɷ򡭡ҶĻˡ졭 Ҷ㡭ĸҪҶ㡭ԡĸˬˡҶصѨһһĴ˲ٵˮˮ Ҷ ĳ԰Ľɧ˵ڷ˵š
มֻвĸĺöܸɵòĸôˬĸĺҶ㡭มǲĸɷ򡭡Ҷװ硭มֶõӹˡ׸硭 ĺҶ㡭졭ม塭Ҫ̲סˡҪҪйˡҶ Ҫйʱ ҶæתŵɳϣȻ˫صƨձֻͷ;Ӷɳϣ Ҷƨ ͦţҶĸصѨĥšתšมม硭ĸɷ򡭡ÿˬˡˡม ᰡšҪˬˡø硭塭ĸҪйˡ졭Ҷ㷢ݵĿ壬ʹص㷢ңյκ ҵ Ťţ˫ץɳҪ˺һɧ̬Ҷӵ˷ܣҲӵĲšɵĲĸˬˡˡĸййҶˡصĽ ɳ ĸţȫƵصľţӹǿҵ̵ˮһһĳҶĹͷţҶͲ弸º󣬾ͽĵסصӹڣӹŹͷȤ
Ҷ侫Ҳ࣬ԼǶԲɷ򣬶Ҳ¶·ζղźҶˬСѨζҶԭ¡ زĸҶͽɯ˳ɯڳ֪Ƕĺ£ͣǲҳȥҶɯҲɳϣɯ·ѹˣŮһ£߳ܵĵͷҶš
Ҷ㿴ɯβһխСķۺɫڿ㣬İм͹ѨѨмݳһѷ죬ڿˮӡʹҶԿɯѨۺѷ죡ҶɯԼ ˱ҶļͣɯһҶļͣϵʱʱŪţһС캬Ҷ˱ţϵ ˱Ҷͷϵۣ콫ҶͷסมšĸȡҶมĸЩมҶɯ 飬˷ܵıЩɯҲҶĻ̧֮ͷҶظЦȻҶͬʱ˲ɢҵͷ͵ͷȴҶغȻһһҶĸſСֽҶ˽ȥʼйɵ˱ˬҶ㲻òСܸͦĸมҶˬ̫ˡҶˬมԡĸԡมԡǿҵĿҶˬܲãҶ㲻òתעҶְɯķβҶϸɯ˵Ѩɯͱˮ ŪʪڿӡҶ㸧ɯ˷ܶˮʪмѷ죬ۺѨѷҶ̲סĸɯڿŪϸ졣ššɯһߺҶļͣһš
Ҷɯѱˮĵڿ㣬ֻɯСµεë˿ްķֲϣۺСзˮʪ͸Ǽڿ㣬Ҳʪ͸ɯëƮϢҲǳ ໥ߵƣɯ˫ȴ󿪣һҵľ󣬴Ӻɫëۺ죬Ҷʤգ΢΢ſСѨڶҶϸţƬƵɯ֮£ǵų޵ĺɫѨڸڳõˮҶָɯµѨŪţƬ͵÷ʷʺСҶرĵطҶʳָɯѨòţһᣬɯѨȵİ͸ҺҶָմ ɯҺ塣มšҶ㡭졭ĸɧѨมšɯܲˡɯĻҶ ѨĶҲΪĿŪŪŪɯһֻĸ˸ˮɧεſ ҶϣС£ʹҶָܸѨ


499
ĸĺҶ㡭졭šɯСѨมɯܲˡ㡭ɯɧѨɡมɯץסҶŪţڵȫȼţʹԭ浾ɯ 񼢿ĵ㣬СѨˮҲָĲŪйš
ܲˡมҶ㡭ɯม졭㡭šߡԡม;ǡҶˡɯҪˡมҶ㽫 ɯѨǷȻҶͷſɯѨѷ죬ͷò˱ɯɰ٣ⲻɯŤʹнȣסҶĶ䣬ʪѨҶϡҶ㡭มมĸɧѨมš졭ɯҪɡมҶˡɯ̲סһҶƵţҶŹͷſС캬סҶļŪ˱ҶļͣҶɯʪѨһҵζҶ죬۾Ųĸ˵ɧѨڲĸůķֱˬˡ
šҶô֡óมšĸϲˡมҶġɯһ˵ġɯˮͣĴѨ˳ ҶճˣɯϵͲУҶ촽˱Ƿ³˱ҧǿС ֲʱͷѨŪšมมɯˡҶɯˡšҶ㡭ม㡭ɯˡҶٽְսƨɣͷͣ ɯϸ۷۰׵βҲĥƨѩ۵ļŪţҲɯƨϸţȻͷ ȥŪţݼɯ̲ס˫ȶţСѨϵйһˮһɹɻ ˮʪĿҶˬมҶĺҶ㡭šɷ򡭡ø硭ɯšม򡭰ˬˡɯ˽еҹžķ ʱҵϢ㺹졢ţҶǵôֳͷ Ҷ֧ӲСĹͷ͸Һ
Ҷ㡭ĸСѨˬมһ㡭졭ɯˬมɯСѨˬˡˡšɯҪɡҶҪҶɡ˵ɯɵɳϣָֿѨϵͬʱܵſ˫ȵ˵ɣĸĺҶ㡭졭ݺ岮ĸѨɡ͸䴰¹⣬Ҷ㿴ɳſȵҶɯϸ㷢Ʈɢԣ߹ԸеĽſ ҸΣʷ鷿ڽϸ۵ǰŷۺɫͷͦţϷԲԲ̵ƨɣСƽ̹Ƥ󻬣Բ˫ſɡV ͣV ͵ĶǷǷҶɯ濪˫֮ҶùͷĥɯѨϵѷ죬ɯСѨˮ ϵˣ䶼ϢҶùͷɯСˮ󻬣һ̣һ͸ɽ˴ҶǰʶɯӭϣһҶֱɯĻġ
硭ɯม˼ҵĻˡšҶˡĸĺҶ㡭มɯมมҶɯˡҶȫɯѨʱҶеһůůסֺýխ ĸоҶ޷ݵģȻǵڶθɲĸѨָж޷ݣҶתƨɣʹҶĹ ͷɯСѨҲ˿תมมҶ㡭ĥɯˡšɯɧѨมĥ顭֡ˬɯˡมɯѨİҶҶӳѪǴҶתȦĥɯѨĻģͬʱͷɯͷɯüͷʧӣҶʮֵгɾ͸УҲʼĳɯѨҶ㡭มĸĺҶ㡭š岮ĸɧѨมɲĸɯҪҶ塭ɯมĸɧѨҪҶ塭ĸ˵ƨɣӭҶĳҶҲ˫εץסɯ鷿ͷ캬סɯӲͦͷ˱ţͣĲɯѨ
áðมҶ㡭มԡšҶ㡭ɯ 졭šɯɡĸ Ҷˡ졭Ĳ塭ҶɯѨһһմ˹ˮ ĳɯѨÿһεĲ붼ôʹ˳һײġž žţɯѨˮաա÷޵Ĵɫᡭมĸĺø硭ͣมĲ塭ԡมĸĺϹมĸҪĸɯɧѨԡҪͣĲ岮ĸɧѨมˬม


500
ɯRҵɢɳϣǰ鷿ҲΪҶҡţխѨˮ Ҷ䶯ţݼҶеʢҲ̲סļӿٶȲɯѨĸšѨýมеҶˬมšҶ㡭ǲĸ ɧѨ󡭡ҶĲĸˬˡ졭ĸɲĸมԡòĸɧѨˬĸɧѨҶɵúˬˬ ɯͣţѨڵˮѾģˬϸСӣ¡ţҶû뵽ҶŮ˸ɳģҶǰɵҶġεɯˬมšˬҶˡมҶ㡭㶥ɯӹˡø硭šɯ硭ĸɧѨɵúˬָɵӹˡ졭ٿ㡭ŷģɯҶǴŪţ ļнƨĳɯСѨһֱĻģʹСѨˮͣйһһ йͣҶɳʪһƬˬมĸĸαɵĲĸˬˡҶˡšɯĻˡ졭Ҷ㡭ĸҪҶ㡭ɯɡԡԡĸɯǰεľҶ֪ɯҪ߳ˣǸ ĳ鶯ҶֱɯСѨǿҶļҲɯˮƴӿѨܵƴ ĦҶļʹûа϶
šĸมˬ𡭡ҶɵˬˬҶɧѨˬˬɧѨֻֽ󡭡šɵҶˬˬѽมɯҶ㡭šɵɯˬˡø硭šֶɯĻˡɯˬɰɡҶ㡭มĸĺҶ㡭ݺݵĸɡ塭ɯ¡ҶɡҶԽԽ̡̡ͣɯ ţĽ̼Ҷ㱬ԭʼҰԣҲɯѨǷܵˣϧƴ ţɯҲ§ҶӣнŮеĴ̼ʹȫޱȣͦεӭҶÿһεĿ塣ðҶ㡭šɯ챻ˡมҶ㡭ɯɧѨҶ㡭มɯˬĸˡҶ㡭ɵɯ֡йˡҶˡมɯййҶˡһɹ̵ˮɯӹ̵ֱҶĹͷҲѣҶݳ͸ɣͷĶɯĻģֻɵɯ紺˿ӹĻһһϵţˮϵСѨ˫ֽҶ㣬βͦͣӭҶĳݵ
ɯҶ㡭มɵĲĸˬมɡҶ㡭㡭ม졭ɡԡมҶֲɯӹ ˡɯҪйˡĸɧѨ֡ҪйˡˡɯйҶ ˡййҶˡһʱ֮䣬ҶоҶɯɧѨȵȦסͷ ɯӹҧ˱Ҷζеޱȵ泩ﵽ߳ɯҵزţ˫ӵҶıۣйĿУҶҲ˳Ƶϣɯһһϵ˱ҶĹͷĸоɳϣ ٵĴŴƷǼζ
һҶ㿴ɯڸ߳УҶҶɳߣҶɯڴϣͬʱ ֿ˫ȹҶ˫ϣʱҶ㿴ǽϵľӳնҵģɿɯ͸ ϸļǰ鷿Բ̵ͷϸխ֦ʵԲСƽ˫ż ¡ںëƬ۵УһܼͲɶ΢ķۺɫ죬 ˮһͻ٣ѷĶˣܲˣҶҶסɯѨϵѷĥššĸ㿴ҶɧѨءҶ㡭มĥˡĸˡšม졭Ҷ㡭ĸĺҶ㡭ɯɧѨﲮĸֹֹมɯҶĻ󣬾ֱֱĶžĻ濴Ҷʪ ѨĥţҶ㿴ó˫εİǰʵòŵҶ ׼ˮСѨมšҶ㡭ĸɷ򡭰ĥˡɯɧѨˡ塭ɯɧѨมĸɧѨˡɯ飬ҧ Ƭ۵ţмˮģҶļ͸е̡ʪġĸššҶҪѨˡšɧѨҶ ̽ȥɡšáĸῴġ졭ɯɧѨˡมɯˡšɯĺҶ㡭콫ɡมòĸɯš
ɧ̬ɯҶû뵽ƽո浾ľģɯΪҶôķɧҶϿ콫СѨҶ׼ɯ ޺ɫʪܵⶴͷƨһ̧̡һҶͺĲ ɯѨˣҶļͿĸܵɯɧѨεķӦţҶͦ˼£ֱֳףǰ˵Ĺͷ嵽ɯӹ棬ҲɯѨðมšҶšְѲĸɧѨˡมšĸ硭õɧѨˡšม졭׸硭มɲĸɡมĸܲˡĸɧѨҪҶĴ ͸ɡš


501
ɯǽխѨҶŵýģӹڸҶĹͷܵģʹһѨĻĸһһɿĲţһһ˱ҧҶͷ鼫ˡšĸ㿴มҶֲɧѨˡš㿴ɧѨ šҶมมšԡҶ㡭Ĵ ְ֡ɯɧѨˡĸϲҶมมÿβɯɧѨóŰมҶָһˡĸɧѨҶ㼦ͽĲһ𡭡Ҷһ߰ɯ鷿Ū Сͷһ߱ɯͷɯӹתţܵݼɯҲŤϸƨҲʼ¶ţˮʪҶɧѨĹͷҶ֪ɯҪǱĸ硭มˡšҶ㡭ĲĸˬˡมšɯҶѽมɷ򡭡졭ĸҪม ĸɧѨ졭ĸĻġม졭Ҷ㡭ɰɡҶһ϶ɯ Ѩһ߲ʱְ鷿һҲ쵽ϴĥתŪɯ٣ʹɯ ɧѨһ󴤶ҶɧѨ̵ˮҶ㡭졭มĸҪɡԡĸɧѨˬมС աมĸҶ㡭áɵĲĸˬˡǲĸ ɷ򡭡ĸġø硭ҶɡมĸɵˡมɯԵĽҶ˫ȵĽţҶеͺɯɧѨ һ϶ҲûУǽҶ㼦͵ɧѨҶеһܣҶ˫ɯϸͣ ̧ţҲһζ϶ɯɧѨĸ쿴มӵɧѨءมšɯɧ ѨŵมˡĸҶ㡭มɯɧ ѨҶɯɧѨءมɵĲĸˬĸҶ岮ĸ ɧѨˡĲĸˬĸӹˡšมม֪ɯʼµҶɯĶҡķ鷿 ҵӣҶҲĽɯƨѹҶϣĸมˬҶ㡭ĸɧѨˬˡĸɷ򡭡硭ֶĸӹˡมĸˬˡĸˬˡĸĸαมĸֲˡšҶˬҪҪйˡҪйˡҪйˡɯǺ죬촽ҧţͷɢķ˿ҶĴŤƨɣ߸ߵţʹˮѨͻСѨˮȪˮֱӿҶҲ˳ƨɹʪɳˬˡมˬ׸硭ĸĺҶ㡭มĲĸˬˡšĸĺø硭塭ԡ岮ĸĸ ˡˬҶˡมᰡҶˬˡžɯ ҶģҶޱȵ˷ܣҶŬɯ֭СѨ ҿ壬ֱֱɯҲǣˮԽԽ࣬Ѩӵȣƨɿӭյĸܼ ҲҶĹͷɯɧѨһһ֮䣬̡̡졣Ҷ㡭ม̫ˡɯɧѨˡมĸûôˬˬɯСѨˡšðҶ㡭ɵɯˬˡҶĲĸˬˡมҶ㡭졭มɡɯİҶøӺݣɯҲ׷ƨɣɧѨҶýһˮֱ ҶĹͷӹڸҧ˱ʹҶеޱȵ泩Ҷ㲢ûֹͣǼɯѨ ɯҲҡŤƨҶĿӭšˬҶˡɧѨҶɵĺˬมҶ㡭ĸĺҶ㡭ԡมĸҶ̫ˬˡมֶĸӹˡĸֲˡĸҪҪйˡมһ㡭ййˡšһӣɯɧѨڵӹͻȻСѨƵһ ˱ţҪ߳һɲǣƬǺ۵ͼҶ㷢ǵŨŨˮ̵ ȪӿҶ㲢ûɯϢʱ䣬ҶɯɳߣҶվڵ׽ɯ˫ҷֿ ٣ҶѹɯϺͷƴ˱ţŪɯˮֱѨصĲţＱĽ Ҷס΢΢ſѨڣͦƨɣҡڷΣƬ͵һźϣҶ˽ȥมĸĺҶ㡭ɲĸɧѨһ㡭มһЩɯɧѨˡ졭š塭ɲĸɧѨѨðĸˡйɯٶȽһĸ߳խխСѨζŤҡڶѨͦţҶͷ⹵ˬҶ˳ֻͷѨĥ룬ڲɯɧѨʱټתһȦҶ㡭มɯСѨҶ㡭มĸˬɯˡ硭มԡɡһ㡭ٲ塭ˬˡมɵɯˬมˬˡҶˮաաУͣɯѨţֱײɯѨ žž죬ɯҲһһµӭҶĳɣ˫ҶǰͣʹҶݵĲͷֱײɯĻģͺݵɯѨĥתšĸˬˬҶɵˬˬมСɧѨҶɵˬɡˬมҶɵġĸСѨˬˡҶ ɯɧѨˡมָɵɯĻˡ졭ɯҶ㡭šĸҪһ㡭มһ㡭ĸɧѨҪҶ塭ԡมֶӹˡšˬҶĳ壬ɯ ӹڣеϣתţˬɯҶתֱҡͷ ۰УֱŤˮĴѨһֱɧ̬ˡ


502
ҶĺҶ㡭ɷ򡭡มҶ㲮ĸ硭มѨĺø硭šɯɧѨĺҶ㡭ɯ̫ˬˡ˼Ұˡ졭ٲ Ҷ㡭ˬĸˡมֶҶĻˡšˬˡมҶĲţµСѨе䡢ŤҡţҶ˵ʲô׳ѲҪˣʱֻлŮе棬εĽŵ档ˬˡมҶ㡭òĸˬԡ ɰมһ㡭㡭ɲĸɧѨԡ塭มĸɧѨҪҪййˡĸҪйҶˡɯһ֫շ׺ תպҶӹĥҶĹͷѨеҶĹͷɧѨһ˿˿Ŀ϶ ޣҶޱȡมĸɧѨýеҶˬĸ졭ŤƨɡšҶҪ䡭侫ˡมĸİĹҶ㡭šСĸɡ콫ľ ɯɧѨšѲĸɧѨɡมĸҶء졭ɯҶĻƴŤ ƨɣӹҲͣ˱ҶĹͷˬҶһɯɧҶɯ˫ ҶϣĲţ˫Ҳว鷿ԡĸĺҶ㡭ĸ嵽ĸĻˡԡɰมĸֿ첻ˡˡĸ ҪйˡˬˡɯҡţҶҲ§Ĳ嶯ʮºɯͻȻ ѨĵסҶһ廬ȵˮֱҶĹͷɧѨסҶ ˬҶһĽҺӹ
սҶıɳϣŸ߳ٺನСҶɯ֮תϣšغҶܵؽǣԶҶУҶ˱Ҷȥֿ£pأȥ˱⣬һpĸоռҶĴԣȥ·ְҶȥ˳ؾһҶһᣬ̧ͷ˵壬ֻطĿ飬ѩ׾ӨỬۣͦʶȣëںھʺ˵ʪˣɰľݣձ¶ˮˮӯӯɢҵϣƬȳԳʵɣƵģԡ
ǽ޶˵ҶһעᣬԽ׹ȥƬںı⣬΢΢šҶɫԵض׵壬ѽָpϵĴ鷿ǼͦͷزŪšصʵͦ鷿̫Ưˣ鷿ɫС䣬СĶϰͷˣϾҶӵĸԽͦˣҲһЩҶ㸧صѩ˵鷿еp壬ԣҶ㰮֡ҶعɳϣƨԼСȶϣҶվǰͲ鹵У˫ִмԼĴ鷿ʹľȫסҶص鷿̫ˣ鹵ͺټ˫ְѴ鷿м䣬ȻҶļͺܴ֣Ĵ鷿ȴȻмһƹҶļȴȻˣҲǽҶļȫ鹵У£鹵ͲǹˣҲ˸ˣһʱγɵĶⲻܲ鹦صĴ鷿С鷿鹵һУҪ˵ˣҶļŶûطţҪ˵ȫȥˡǴ鷿ĺôԽбһġ齻ؽ޵صͷҶǼ˫֮ļͷһ¡´̼Ҷ˷ܣͿʼصġ顱г鷿Ȼܴ߰סҶļͣγɵġ顱ĳȴҶļÿһҪġ顱Ϸ͸һأ°ϡ
صҲḻģҶ㶥˼£͵ͷ̴ԲţӭҶļͣҶļÿ϶պöӣСУҲץʱ£ҶĹͷÿμͽжһҲŹҶļǡзζġ顱س壬Ƿ⻬еԵ鷿ĥţˣͷůСнӣر񣬸Ǵ̼ޱȣ齻ӿڽ˫ش̼£һҶ͵侫ıԵؿٳ˼£һйעˡŨŨȾ󲿷ݶصСУڴڵȥһС䵽°͡ӡظϣֽҶЩȵͿԼ鷿ظϣǰŪʪ󡢹⻬ʱѾҶ㷢̼ԣԶȥ׽סҶ֣һѽҶϣһֱסҶͷҶֲʧҶ㣬һҶȻͦˮвͣĥţùͷصԼ˵Ĳ٣ȺˮĵҶĹͷ޿УصӣȥѾʵǼˡҶҲҶĹͷĦŪзʢͰšáأҶȥɣ
ȥ𣿡
ļˣͷҲЦҶҪҶġСҶ㡯ҪȥҡءأҪҶˣòã
ɵӣһַ
ذҶһֻۣǷˣҶһͦһͣ˳ز˽ȥؽһ˸սҶ̫ˡҶæͣһҶ㣬չһЦɽƥҶ˷ܣҲô׳ࡣ
Ҷֽ§סصţҲ˫ȦסҶƨɣͦΣӭҶ㣬ֽ§סҶȼ䰴ʹҶܸزĻģֹе飬ַѨеĹһһ˱ģʹҶԼļֻСצڲͣץţͬһĻУҡǰǰؾ׽š̳ţйǿ뽫ҶļĻҶpľҲͼӭصԸšҶؾšӭššŤţǢһһԾñطĶޣһص͵ˣҶֹ̰˺ôһһйһ¾̱ˣӿҺҶĹͷҵسţŪҶˡҶ§ǡ˺ˮмţʪмţȸղˣˣҲˡҶ㣬ԣŪˣ֪ء


503
ضҶİޱ񣬶Ҷ˳ҶΪǣҶؾɳϿʼ̽ԣҶ뵽Ķһ顣һ桢Ҷ棻һֱҶ桢棻һزɳϣҶϣ̧§ڻУҶļͲŲصгţһɳϣҶᱳϣʹŪУһҶ㷴ϣҶ˱Ҷ񾥣˻ΪԷڽᣬʱõŵơҶϥɳϣҶĴϣΧҶᣬ˫ֻҶĲҶ߾Уûа˿⣬ӵţŤţҶ񻧵ĴͷϵĥĻģҲڵؼһһµؾ̼Ҷ㣬ᣬĿɡֵйҶĻС
أ𣿡
Ҷ§أʵˣлл㣬Ҷ㣬
šӦõлҶ㣬ضҶ̫ˣҶɶ˳Ҷ㣬Ҷ̽ҶҶ˲ͬʽĲͬ񫡣Ҷ㡭
ҶֹΪҶ֪Ѿй̫ˣ˼ٸˣܲˡʲ᣿Ŷˣ㻹ûйԲԣ
ҲоҶӲزСáԽԽ񻰣ѧЩʱöˣضйΣˮǬˣŪСءѾҪľˣеʹˣϽйⶼҪǬԵвһأáСءҲֹֹʡغѽֲ˵󻰣˵СݺɵңҶղ˵ˣаСݺɳı£ѵҪҲɵСݺУ죿ѵķҪظĸѽҶ˸ܵҶ㣡
˵ţؽָҶĶͷһ¡ҪأҶ㲻ģҶ᲻£Ҳ᲻ѽҶᰮ㣬˺أ˵ʲ㡮ĸʡҶš˵ղ齻ʱҶѾйһˣҲܡ
ҶϽοأġ¡ƭˣػ᲻֪йһṻ᲻Ҷ㣬Ҷ㣬ظ˱˱
˵ţҶɳϣҶϣסҶ׳ͷŪ¹ͷ塢ƤȻſСںסͷ۾һһ¡СһһϿٵţӣҶĹͷϲͣŪšţʱʱҧҶĹͷһֿٵ¶㴽ĴһҶĵظţ˵ľҺԴѣغ裩һҶͱֲõĿڽźй˾һɹɵȫصСУؾҶղһνҶŨȫȥҶļ͸ʱֹסҶľҺ䣬ٵﵽҶĿϣҶ侫ļУҶҺȥǬԵĻġ߳ᣬҶɳϢ§Ҷ㣬Ҷ㣬Ҷ˵šáŪʵ̫ˣлл㣬صĺҶ㡢Ҷ㡢صСѨҶ㣡
Ҷأ˵áӦõлҶҶ㣬ŪҶҲˣллҶأҶãҶŪ㡢ŪĶ㶼ԣҶĺءأ
ؽҶͷϵһָ˵á˭Ҷ¸ϲŪءƤҶأ˭ҶᰮԼҶأŪأظ˻أᷴأŪҶ˵ҶǸطֵ㰮ֵŪǸطңᷴأŪ˸飬桢桢м䶼ˣ˰ɣصȫ·ŪĶŪˣжĵطˣûжĵطҲŹǰػ¶Ūˣ
Ҷ㲻صƨ˵áԣҶ㲢ûŪ飬˵桢桢м䣬᲻˵ѽ˵ϷжĵطҶŪǸأ
ȥģСӣôߣ治ҪصƨҲҪǵطŪĵط㲻࣬ػأ
ˡҶæĿڡáԲأҶǶأҶƨ۶أ˵ǵط࣬ŪŪҶҲŪΪҶļ󣬶Сƨ۶Сָͷ岻ȥȥʹҶأҶڰ㣡
˵ţҶʳָͱͱصĸţرҶССĶŪûҶæءáأղŸоǲҲˬ
Ҷعɳϣƨɸ߸ߵ¶ҶǰҶһôĿصѨϡëںڵOɫڻ͸ˮɫĸţջһŷǳɾһëûСضԶԲͥǺͻȻҲܲ˼飬һʱ޷ܣԼĺͥôСôִǲܲȥģǲȥˣԼĺͥҲᱻѵģҶĺͥе¡ҶصķʹʹѨƨ۶ֱ¶ָصѨĴָصO
ˡҪˡҪͣйˡһйˣ˴ˮͻȻصȥƨɻ̵ĸ߸ߵġҶصѩκֿƬ⣬һǸұջĺͥŷӽڡҶʱزɳһ£ͷе㺦µҶ㣬£Ҫ㣬'Ҷ˵ͷȻŽͷСƨۡҶĹͷʵ̫󣬶صĺͥʵ̫С˼βûмȥزʹѡĻعͷ'Ҷ㣬ĸʹҪŪˣòã' Ҷе㲻̣һҪˣԺܾҲ治ˣ'أһ̣Ҷһ'ؼҶ㻹룬ֻüſҶ塣
ҶڹͷĨЩˮ׼صĺͥĲȥصһҽУҶĹͷڼصĺͥٴĻعͷĵ'Ҷ㣬ĸʹγòã' ҶҲеͷؽСĺͥļסĴδйʹϼ÷ѩʹֻǰο'أһ̣һͺ'˵ҶҲҼȥʼϵĸѩΡΪ˰ֻţһᣬؾò̫ʹˡ
ҶҲеͷǺʹˣȻ˲塣Ҷһؾͽʹ4 κҶһݣץסصѩΣһصҽУͽȫصĺͥҶԼصĺͥļţŴδйʹŴδйĽůУȲصСѨʱҪůöࡣҶ㲻ɵĳͷĺ󱳡ŪѩΣβ⡣˺һᣬؽвںͥôȣôǵʹԼʹˣôӺͥЩɧ֮⣬㲻ŤһѩΡҶеĳ鶯ѣÿ鶯һ£ԼҲбʹĸоͬʱҲеּнˬԼֳ鶯šҶĲϳ鶯صĺͥҲԽԽ󻬣Ҷ鶯ԽԽסʹĸо٣ɧӡҶҲԽԽеδеļнСһҵĶУҶڽҺעغͥشʱѸоͥʹˣŰҺǿҵеһִδĸ߳ӺͥĴԣִӴԴ֫ܣڿֵУҲ̱ſڽϡ
ؽֽ齻ȵ,ص屻Ҷˡ


504
һ극ҶͱأҲȫƵĽҶؿڣҶһصҶһţһȥϵ·Ҳֽ⿪Ҷ¿ۣҶºͿӣȥҶڿ㡣ȫѩ׵ļܽذĹ˫߸ߵţ忴һŮ˻Ҫۣб·죬һɧ˵ĽؿҶֱţԶĲ濪˴ȣȷֳһɫǳֻ 䣬ϸƬͷһС͹㣬ٺ˵Ԩ¡Ҷͷ¸ϸ۵ƤƶҶ㲦ԵСѨ쳤СرҶһȫһ󶶲Ľ˫Ȳ濪ཱུСѨҶǰʼһһɵˮ
มðҶŲĸˡҶһٰСⶥ˽ ȥöصѨϣʱصѨһһյģҶصѨŪ ˬޱȡมҶĲĸˡšĸܲˡมҶ صѨתؼ˫ıסҶͷСѨϰ ģҶ Ҷ٣ҶصšţมมҶ㡭šˬˡصĺҶ㡭มŪҪй ˡصСѨˮϵҶǣҶ㻹Ƕڵ š ţһһҶúôһţƽ浾ׯŪýŤҰڣ ɧ ţءҪҪйˡมˬҶˡˬѽйˡมصͻȻ˼£һ  ˮҶҶſ죬࣡һصˮȫ̽ˡšҶ㣬𣿡ҶСɧȲģҶеʱ䣬Ժúõĸأ ţҶ㾹ȻСɧҶһںŮһۺɫ ͷ ΣҶص˱ͬʱҶһҲӭҶ¡꣬Ҷָ ص ڿһԣȻʼ̽µѨมšðҶ㡭šصĺҶ㡭ҶָʪУҶ֪صѨ൱ˮˣҶָסѨѷϵͻһ߼Уһѹָţͬ ʱ ҶҲ鷿ַۺɫͷมมҶˡҶˡҶָ⻬봥ػ  ص൱ѨѷϳˮҶָƵĻ Ҷ㽫 ָصҲط˴ϢҵķˮมðҶ㡭šصĺҶ㡭ٲȥม졭صɧѨˡ Ҷ㽫ָѨ壬ܵɧѨסĸоҶһ߽صˮ һ ôĴָʳָرϵ٣ҶôĴָϷѹסе١ԡҶ㡭šصСԡšม Ҷˡʵ̲ס̧βڿлԲҲ ҵŤţ Ҷ˷ܵòصָѹϵĴָǿסɵѹȡ
Сม̫ˡҶ㡭졭มܲˡšมҶָнǿ˶ƺز˺ܴ Ч һͷţһ߷ڸŨˮҶ㷢Ҷ˱ص鷿ʱ Ѩ ָͻбץסĸоҶٶ¡ס˱Ҷ㡭졭ܲˡҪҶˡš㡭  ɡصɧѨҶһָصѨһ˱صͷ 鷿ű Ҷ˫ŤأҶеܲˣҶ㽫촽鷿ƶع⻬ĸ ¡ ϳëïʢë·ǳ˵ɫٲŹ󡣡มҶ㡭š졭㡭صɧѨɡ졭صɧѨҶ ء Ҷص˫ȣʺɫѨϣҶͷصѨҶ һ ʱŨˮҶҶ㽫ص⿪棬 صŤ มصĺҶ㡭졭صɧѨš졭صɧ Ѩ Ҷʢ㣬ͷصˮȻԽ ѨϷ ٣˼κصٿʼŹ󣬼ĽҲมšҶˡԡ򡭡ม졭š򡭡ÿҶͷصѨʱصѨͿſţůˮҲֹ Ҷ˫ַĴڲ࣬ʹѹһѨϵѷͱѹҶǰ ҫŹŤҶ̲סĿʼ˱٣ͷĦ
มðҶ㡭졭صСม Ҷ ˡҡŵѨѷ죬ҶָȥҶ㽫͵춹 ٺ ԱߵָĲصѨҶȽָصָص  ȻָɽػѨŶðҶ㡭졭ȥصɧѨˡҶˡ ҶѨָʱɧѨӭҶƵ䶯Ҷָ  Ѩ壬ظĽ˳ˮҲ˳ĴС ҫ ԡˡҶ㡭šصĺҶ㡭زˡมҪйˡ 졭عβҡţѨ鲼޵⣬ȿֺļסҶ ָҶ֪ ؿйˣҶ˱ص٣ҲָѨ
СมйˡйˡšҶˡšˬһᣬ й˺˷ɵҶصĶʱ˫ֱҶ㣬ԸеĴҲ Ҷ㣬̽ ҶҶ㣬һҶ㣬һҶ壬ҶĿʱսҶ أԳҶɣ˵Ҷ㿿ɳͷҶ˫ŴĴ򿪣ҶӲļ ȫȫ¶صǰ˳ĴҶǣҶţȻһ·ǵҶ¸ ſҶ򿪵˫֮䣬ȻҶǸִ֡ǡֳŪšҶֺǵ÷ϵĹͷصߣҶ㼤ͦƨɴߴ˵أ죬Ҷ㡢 Ҷ̲סˣС˱ɣҶĻȻҶۼԴ˼£ ˲ںڵ㷢һۿҶһۣͬʱҶ¶֮Цݺ󣬾ͷҶ ͷϵۺĸҲҵҶŪš
ðءมҶԸеأ˿ҶĿ̰ ˱ ŪҶԳ̵̬֮ҶԣʱҲ С գһͰҶĹͷҶеصͷҶĹͷϾŪţһˬ Ŀ⣬ ʹҶǵøָԸеСǿҪɲˣְֻҶĴ ³ ȻСҶĥšҶô֡óšذˡ˵ֱۣȻ Ҷ ̽ͷݣ޺ӣҶ˱ŪţʹҶˬ̲ ס ŤƨɡŶšءˬԡมıܣ  һеŪҶӲ͵ŹɳϵأҶ㿴ѩϸ۵ĴȱҲ Ѩ йˮŪʪϵëҶ㲻ɵͦƨ̧Ҷܸ  صšءมС캬Ҷˬغ㡭ԡ졭Сɧءšǻ۵ŪҶȵ캬Ҷ  ͷɵͷ˱ҶŵۣµɣҶաԡ졭ҶˬมŶҶɧءҶ ˬ ˡҶҶ˵Ŀ֣ҲҶĵЦɧ¶ƵĺҶ Ӳ ǵֱŪš
ŶýС졭šҶŶء졭Ҷ มõС죬ĺҶů͵ġĽխУͷ  ţҶˬü飬סͦƨɣص쵱ѨĳšŶɧءҶҶˬˬˡŶص㷢ʱƮ ԣ££ɢͷǸ鵽ʱ첢ûͣɵľŪ˱Ҷ ̵΢֣泩ҶҲѩ塣Ҷ̲ס ƿأһͽƵɳϣҶȻѹط۵ϣʱҲ յԣ˱ɳŤһţҵĲࡢҰšһ뵽ڱеĶׯأȴ񵴸ŮĺɳϣҶҶ ȥɧСѨҶͼ


505
һһʰ˺þúҶŴصҶʱҲԶķֿ˫ȣֲѨ׼ӭҶҶص˫ȿˮ ˸ŵѨҶ̲סҶļŹͷʪʺšĥšššҶ㡭šصɧѨҪม˼ҪҪҶ ŶصɧѨصСѨҶĥֶˮֱ  Ҳ̲ס΢ֽҶֻ׳̧βӭҶҶֻص  ѨڲϵĻԲ˶šҶˡصĺҶ㡭ҪมҪ졭С ա มصɧѨҪšมܲˡɧѨˡมһĽİͣҶţƨҲ ϵİڶ̧ͦСɧѨ޲ýҶȥ鷺ĵɧģݼ ҶǡصҶ㡭มšصɧѨม Ҷ㡭㡭غš콫塭 صɧѨ Ҷ㱻ɧջţеҲ˼㣬Ҷ㽫ƨǰһͦȻ˵أ ҶҪȥ ˣϵˮҶֳ̣һصСѨ֮ Ҳ ҶѨʱ˫ֽץסɳ塣มǰСѨˡšҶ㡭ְصɧѨˡ มغҸมصСɧѨҶġˡ졭Ҷ㡭 塭嵽ɡĻ֮ҶǰصѨ տʼ ųУҶ֮󣬷һҪҶļ͸ȥƵ Ҷȫ صѨʱҶͶѨĻģŪ˼¡ŶءšСɧѨýеҶˬมšҶ㡭ص ɧѨ֡มҶغมҶصѨȫ ȫ İţɧѨǻӭĵƵ䶯ţҶ㱧صϰѴ  Ĵһ߽ϣһ߽ǣÿ˵ͷʱذסҶѨͻҶˬͽֱ飬صѨĥĥȥȻٴκݲ룬ֱġ
มҶ㡭มزˬˡҶ㡭มĴ  ֳִ֡ɵˬˡصĸαˬˡҶһ߻ĳصѨһĺסͷͷ  ţ򺬻˱ʱҲҧصѨӿˮɧѨҲļ  Ҷļ͡ҶҶ㡭šرɵĺˬมصСɧѨˬ ĺöɡมˬˡغˬ졭ɡҶ ɽѨʱҶܲӹĥ£ȻȻĳһ룬ü Ѩĥĥ ݺݵĲɽȥ¶֪ۻʹı飬Ѩֱˮ Ҷ֪ġมСѨšеҶˡ̫ˡСɧѨܺ Ѩ มˬҶ㡭ɵˡมصĻĺ顭ˬม졭มصҶ㡭ءมˬˡԡ졭ม Ҳ벻ҶˡԶҶصɧѨมرҶɵüӴβŤڵķȣƨɿŤӭ  ҶҡͣʪѨҲһһɵҶˮһĴѨй˳ƨ  ʪɳԡصĻġ졭غˬมҶ ɵá ม̫ˬˡมصĺҶ㡭졭ĸصɧѨԡ Ҷ㡭ɵˬص¶޹̬ ʱͷ յ촽ŤҡƨɣʪܵѨļҶ ƷҶÿһβ ɵĥУ΢΢ŵüͷ۰յĻ㱱飬Ҷ̲ס ļӿ˸ѨٶȡҶ㡭มرˡมҶ㡭ɵغˬ صɷมĸɰɡˡมˡҪйˡɧѨܡܲˡһ ص ٵʶţ۽ա졢ѨҲ˱ҶĹͷҶ֪йˡ
Ĵ̼ڽ֮Уһ̵ȫԵۡ泩ȡˣ ΢΢е˵ߣɧӣҶתѩ׸۵鷿 Ҷĳ鶯ҡţʹҶȵĸţҶûϢʱ䣬ĸҶ㡭มĸˡɲĸСѨĸ СѨҪˬˡ֡ѽมصĺҶ㡭ɷĸɰɡมɧ ˡมԡҶָɵĸӹˡòĸˬ ʥ߹أɧƵģ˫ƲҶϣ˵СѨ ͻҲ øӽխһ˫ҲĽ§ҶıŤƨҡͦҶ㡭มˬҶˡมذҶˡ˼ҵĻˡˬĸˡҶ㡭غðมมذ ӵصСѨˡมɵˬҶˡม˫ֽҶ㱧 ýģƨ ҲͣͦţʱĽҶҧѨշĥŷùͷĻ תÿ ҶĹͷصӹʱؾͻӿҵץҶıšصҶ㡭มصСѨˡؿˬˡมصҶ㡭ɵغˬมԡֲ嵽˼ҵӹˡˬҶˡˬҶˡҶ  ɧѨÿĥһΣصĽͻ鴤һ£ÿ鴤һ£ѨҲŽһΣֱ  СѨ̵ˮֱҶĹͷصӹһСƵĺ˱Ҷů  ĸоҶе޵꣬ʱֻ̧֪ܵ߷ΣСѨͦͦมҶ㡭ɷšҪˡˡصСɷ򡭡ˬˡرҶˡมˬˡ̶סˡйҶˡ졭ذɡصʧˣٴӭϵĸ߳ſ֫й  ɳϣҶҲҶխѨѨ˱ζ


506
һֱȵصѨٳ鶯ʱҶŽطҶعɳϣҲ˫ֳɳϣ ϥǣ˷ʰ׷ƨҶƨɺܿķۺɫСѨҶص󣬿 硢˵ҶˮƨϵСѨһʱص ҺɫԲھͻ᰼ݣԱߵҲͬʱǣΪˮİҶ˳ľ͸˽ȥˬมҶˬˡغมˬҶˡ Ҷ㡭ٿһ㡭šมĸصѨŪ˼ʮºԹʽſɳϵؾ ΪģҡƨɣƬҶҳſʱһɹɵˮ˵ĸϴաաมมҶ㡭ҪˬˡҶغˬ ҶมˬˡػҶ¡ҪҶ ɡ ɧѨŻˬมѨĺҶ㡭ҶصСѨһһĳţ˫Ҳ Ƶ ǰ棬ëʳָָסص٣ý ɳ ϵأɵҡŸʵβˬมҪͣมصĺҶ㡭졭˼ҿˬˡมɡš غˡม㡭صҶ㡭Ҷָĥص٣ĸصĽխѨͷһһµײ  һصӹ̲סҡƨɣҶɵĶҶҶ㡭มֻܸɵôˬˬࡡมø  ԡ㡭Ҷ㡭졭ɵصġСѨˬˡ Ҷ㡭มصĸαɵ˼ˬˡҶıס ص صĻģ鵽ѨںֺݺݵĲ˽ȥתŹͷĥصĻģʹ ʱĻعͷҶ ĵЦ۵ƨҲǰҡҶĲɡมصҶ㡣غˬมСѨĸˡصСѨҪҶ ɴˡˬˡมôֲصӹˡมصɧѨˬˡҶſرϣ˫ִҸ´ȥסһԶѵ鷿ʹĽ͡ ١ ĲŪط۵СѨԷһɧĽɳˮĥ  ̡ҶҶ㡭มҶֶصСѨˡҪظ  ˡม˼ˡҶ㡭졭Ĳɡظ춥صСѨѽมĸСѨܲ 졭ص̼ѪڣҲǵ˼㣬ҶԸ  СѨײӹĴҲԽԽƵԡԡСѨѨĸˡĸˬˡˬˡมҶѨɵˬˡˡѨҪйˡҪйҶˡصҶ㡭㲮ĸһйɡม ɧ͸ǵأҶֳ׳˶ɻĿϺϣ̬ٳ֪˶ˮ֪й˼  صĻ֮£ҶҲȵ˼£ͷǵصӹټ  ѨҶеͷһ飬һȵˮ̼֮£ˬҶ̲סĽ˳  มҶĺءСɧѨĸšҶҲ̲סˡҪйˡมصĺҶ㡭졭һй콫ľ มصɧѨػĺӡ̲סˡˬҶˡرҶҵ ţһţйһһ̵ˮҶҲءม Ҷ㡭ˡมҶйˡáˬมصҶ йˡ̡มˬˡйˡѨĲͣкһɹȵҶĴͷ֮  ҲҶ̵̲סٿҶҲŽһɹ̵Ȼصӹ Ѩ ģʹٶһĴйһΣˬû˹ȥҶҲڼſı ߹̵ͬʱڨɨ彻֮С


507
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ٸɯһŤţҪ㲻Եģ
ҶҰĳţͦţٸɯ֪ʹӣ裬ỨӯۿԭԲˣǱȵİǣȷ̫ǿˣҿҪƲסԼˣܵҶ͵ײͺըܿ콫ײըˬֵĿָоӹĹȴǷǿǷңǿҴ̼ĸй٣ٸɯѾĲ鵴Զֵ˫§סҶĻ
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ٸɯסϴܣ־ˣҶһȹһ¶һ˫޳۵ȣȸëܸ˽ɷǿɰ
"һ㣬һ㣬"ٸɯ˫§סҶĲӣǰͦҶĳ壬ͷһͷ㷢ɢ۽գߺ߲ѡ"Ҷˣ̵ס"Ҷõٸɯѣ࣬һһ壬ÿ¶嵽"ôˬô"Ҷ쵽ٸɯӣСߣٸɯ촽ͷҶǣҶſٸɯͷ˽ȥֻͷһ
Ҷ͵ǰһ壬ԼѸͲ嵽סٸɯһ§סҶ㣬Ҷһٸɯһֻţһʵ鷿Ͼĸţнִͦʱʱؽʼʱֻֽɬ˶ʮº￪ʼʪҶĳ壬ʱʱһһţҵӭգԽԽˬýˬ
Ҷ㿪ʼӿٶȣٸɯֻһֿȫֻˬֻҶ塣ǲؽ˫ȦҶԽȦԽ˫ִҶ˫ϣкߺ졣
ˬǰɣҸɵˬˬ
Ҷһ¿һµĴţײٸɯ²žž졣ٸɯ绨ؿҶ㣬ȴŤҶĳ塣
Ҷ㵱ȻˬˡҶһٸɯĵЦݣʱѪţֻ˼ɫգøˡ
ܲˡ
ٸɯһ󣬾˽вѡҶ̼٣һͲһйעˬˬҶסҶѹٸɯ޵ϣ˫ȴ̰εȫߣŪ飬ò⡣
˸һԽԽҶԽԽ죬ţٸɯѽҶ״̬ѽѽͦøˡ


509
޾׵ٸɯҶɵСѨŮһйй˵Ůٸɯѩ׷۰͹ҶѹţһĽ޳Ҷɿųɴ֣˳⻬ֺģٸɯСѨԲͣҶɱڴҶƺδһһ¶ֳٸɯƬһٱֺҲһ͸֭ڲൽ̺´̲Һִ̼ʱŮٸɯ˿˵ᴽᴭҶ㽫ҶӡĴסڻ۵ۣ࣬еҺҶ̰ȫȥ
Ŀһ㾪춯صлŮ츾ɪնʱˮֱٸɯεĽ䣬ϢҶдƺ츾ɪմȥλʢʻŮʼصĴȺޱȡһɹɵҺϸɴᱡĶֿԲ޳Ĵȣ͸ɴʪܵëʪ͸ëҺ¶飬ԼںڴһۺϪҺɷۺлỬϸĴڲѱҺ֭Ūʪճˡ
Ȼǰĵٸɯļ"ŶߡҪ̫ǿˡҪܲˡٲȥҲ崩ġŶҪˡҪˡ"ýѪŵٸɯϵš
ҶŽٸɯѩ壬ɯİҺˢţɯ˼µĸ߳壬Լ糱˲֪ãɯоڴ䣬ʱҶͻȻ뿪ٸɯѩ˵壬ӰͷҶǸɱϺɫͷĴٸɯСѨҶ츾ɪգӴͷ˲ɫ͸֭Щڵ̺Եøɵ츾ɪһӱһĻסˣҶǿ``ѩѨɪ类ղҶɯҵ԰̼ĻǻҶɯϵõ`Ժֵ츾ɪաҶһѱס绬ķ壬ļôʣͦ˫嶥Ҷؿڣͦ˵ĴҶؿĥšҶǿ˫ֽ׽Ů츾ɪһ˫֣ѹø츾ɪ͸ϥͷһ˫޳ѩ׻ԲһH׸ȷֿɴ֣ҶǸѨĴ츾ɪ˵Ѩ⡣
޼˱ѹڵص߰ŤȵŽţнϥĺɫ޶ȹѩ׻ԲĴһţȸıɴ͸ֿѾҺʪ͸һŮҪ͹࣬ȻľɫҶе˽ܴѨڲɣɫ𻯵ɡ
͸ɴʪܵëʪ͸ëҺ¶飬ԼںڴһۺϪҺɷۺлỬϸĴڲѱҺ֭Ūʪճճġ
츾ɪ˵ᴽ촽˵ᴭ䣬ҶҲ̲סӡĴഥ֮ʱһ𣬽ſ˿ڣҶĿУȴɬĻرҶҶеסӵۣ࣬еҺҶһ淭ȥǿ˱һ̰ȫȥ
츾ɪһٱҶͷѶס죬ɿһСڲ֣סϸ°͵鷿ָදѾӲ飬̲ס³Ҷ˱ͬʱҲֻرҶҲͣͦҶĴĥţҶҲ̲סȹڣҶָ˿ỬϸĴʱȫҶ˳ڲ̽Ŀ£ѾҺ֭͸Ķֿ㡣
ۡû뵽ʽ˿࣬ɴȸ˿ྡͷĿ۰ϸµļҶĴٶȳѪϸ˿Ķֿ㣬һϸ۰׵ǰסڶֿխСĿŨë˿Եëϸڶ֮ջ
Ҷ̵סҶͦıӶȹǼԵĸоɼϸ׼ͻȻе޸ǳᵽѪŵ㡣"ѽšҶ㡭Ҷ㡭
츾ɪպԽͼҶ㲻ȥĽ䷴ֿѩ״ȣͷĶȹУ촽ͣϸȵļ"㡭ſҶ㡭㡭


510
̰ŵҶ㣬ѹֵĽҶ֪¾˱ˣʱȵſнĻԲȣĺ˿ȹĶֿǰˣۣëŨܶϸ£ҾڲֿʱҶָѾۺ컨֭մʪˡ"̫ˡ߿Ҫѽ"ѹŵŮѩ׵Ҷͷּ±ĺ޶ȹһʱæңҶɲ߶ʮһͷǰһ壬첦ŨڵëſںסʪĻꡣ"㡭ѽ޳ܡ㡭
ʹҲƲԵҶ㣬ʱȴҶǿзֿҶʪĻ꣬ᵽŮ㼰Һ֭˷ҷҶֲĻ̰̲֭꣬ס̽Ķʱܵͷһϸ۵ճĤסҶ߰Ķֲ꣬ϷСѨٶ룬ػز֪ٱ飬Ǽȫ츾ɪճ˵㻷ƣ츾ɪ"㡭ԡҡŶ"Ҷ粽ɾɻ˰츾ɪ㻬ѨĸζοҶͳĸ߼˿ྡ鸧츾ɪ˫ѩ׹⻬˿ֳԵĳȣλ֮Ƶ˶δģϸ۷ۻļҶ㸧úޱҶ覵㣬ϸĸ츾ɪս飬ҶĸŪ£𽥵ɳ֮ģȴ˿˿ƣ޵黳Ҫָ߳ĵɰ˶츾ɪն󶯣һɹ巼֭ӹ˳˳ҶĿУҺ֭ĹҶĸУ·˴ҩƵģҶĴ׳øӲͦ׳²ɵ
ʱ츾ɪգѾȫ޵̱ڴϡ
Ҷ㿴츾ɪ޾ĹൽһߣȵĽë²ε۽ţֱͦıǶĿš"ſҡſ
ҶַһĴĿ£ѩ׻ԲĴѾķšҶҶҶѾͳϺɫĴͷϸ۵Ļ꣬ڻĲУͷֻ֭Һſ۷ۺĻͦҶѾܵ͵Ĵͷһ۵ⶴ۵İסⶴƺһĪ˱Ҷͷϵڡ
ҶһȵˣҶѾͳϺɫĴͷѾͻʪĻ꣬ͷ˳ƬۺĻ϶µĥһξӨŨ֭ɷʺҶĴͷʱֻ֭Һſ۷ۺĻͦоҶ͵Ĵͷһ۵Ȧܵİס
޾˵츾ɪ˫˶鶯۴ʱţ΢ëά˹ĹǶ΢󣬱ϣᴽ΢ᴭ紺ϮҶϡҶǿűѼ¶ĵı֮ҳѪţ³ѪӯͳϺɫĴͷڽ𴦵Ũܺڴг֭ķۻŵ͹ˮ
ǿҵĴ̼ʹ߽Уϸܵ΢ڶӭܣۻĻڲշţ˱Ҷϵۣе߱۵ĻҧۼУҶĴȽѹѩ֬ĴȸԲˬҶ㺹ëš
Ҷ㿪ʼͦͷŮľڽĥţڵ⹵ε۵Ļ紺Ű£һɫ͸֭ʪ͸ڲëŮ˱ǣҶ߷塣ʼϸɵΰ۰ռˮ⾧ӨʱҶܵŮѨһĴͷͻȻУӹһůģʹֳĽӴʪҶ㽫βᶥͷ˼֣ĸоѾһ⹿סˬˡ
˼ˣѷ꣬ҶһҪúõãҪԼ¾СѨԳܸ֡ɡ츳Ҷ㲢ͻľҶ˫覵㣬һеĴ˱ǶҶǣҶһ캬ÿֺ£һϸĸ츾ɪս飬ҶĸŪ£Ȼ糺߲Ϊ˳ֺ
֮˿˿ƣ޵黳ͻ̵ǵҶ¶ǺëţҶ㽫츾ɪյ㣬ϻĥ䣬Ǹλȿ伫Ʒëɦ츾ɪ۵Ľŵף⡢ppأȾŮı˫ۣ룺⻵ô۸ɯֵ۸ˡ
Ҷһ츾ɪѩ˵㣬һ˳ԲСȣӯ۵ĴȣͬʱҶϺɫĴͷδֹͣ츾ɪյĽСѨ鷺֭ӿԽ֮ʴͷ˳ػ뼸֡츾ɪһ䣺"`"βͣĶӭҶļ
Ҷ֪λ·ŮԼ裬Ҷؼʪ츾ɪÿ־ǰ󣬵Ƚǿ¡ĶشҶĸΪ󣬴Ĵ츾ɪռдҶԽԽԣҲϸ£츾ɪνδ뻨ԣ֮£в֪ںδ֮С
ŮȺĥİɣʵɿ飬츾ɪ淢߿ʱҶ㽫ҽţ˼һ죬ס۵ȵƣȻڱһ㣬츾ɪܵϪȣʱĴ
ҶɵĴĴָѰߵİס͵ӲϸѿҶĸŪЪԵİѹͷڲ۽ֳɫ͸֭һӱһ̲ӵ츾ɪ޾Լʳ׵ı
ɲʱ䣬ֻ弫˵ʵгɦ˺εֱӡ۵츾ɪձյͨ졣üͷС΢ţϣ߼ϢȻѹ֣ŨŨĴ⣬ѾдȻĶϡ
Ҷ㿴յѹλ˵""ҶŪϷѾ͵ӲϸѿܴҶʵĴȸԵĿʼ鴤
"ҡҰ"ָץҶѿָȴƶ˷ֺ˵ᴽʱܲ΢΢ſҶΪʱѾ죬ٲɣҶ츲۵ĴϣҶͻƬķҷ֮ʱһҺҶĿУỬȴӭҶѰ


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ͷʼҡڣ˿ŨڳɦҶѵҶ̲סַסͷ̽ѰҵỬ֮࣬ʱǶ˵ͻȻſҶ㣬ˮӯӯ͸ľӨ
УҶо̧һȣȳƵСĥҶĳȼĿСȵ̧󿪣ʹҶĿ·ۺɫĻƽҶͷϵ⹵Ҷ˷ܵΪʾҶͻֱ뻨ҶҪͦ彫ͷľֱﻨʱͻȻСʹ̺ϵĸ߸ЬݺݵҶһǣϸЬ׵ڴϷĳܹϣ۵Ҷƺ߳̽ĴִͷɲǼ们Сʪۺ컨ꡣ
Ҷæͦ͵÷ʹĴ츾ɪʪۺСѨ֮ʣܵͻȻϮʹҶִͷɲǼ们Сʪۺ컨ꡣҶʡ֮ƣ֪ʱݼţڴʱϣѼӿ϶ˡҶ㲻ٳʹִϵĸ߸Ь⿪Ĵȣֻһ͵ر̧ߣ¶ʪСѨٵˮ⣬·մָͣһͻỬƵġ
ϸһܵĳŲë΢΢¡һˮƬⴽŰĴ£Ƭۺ쵭ֵⴽʱţ˱ϢĴҶıУʹҶŷͣ٣οȫۼɢŮ츾ɪǰѵõˣ۵ĺ촽ڱҶҶӡӣϣſŽεԸС죬Ҷ㽫촽ϲصشǻ̽·츾ɪʥ˫Ŀں켫Ϊޡ
ҶΪĨŪҶͷͳû޴ĽӷС츾ɪյͷǿţһǡҶڹ˷ܲƷζǰ޼˱İǿȽǵĽܣ̰еճĤŪͷҺȡš
Ҷ㾡ȥ⻬ıݣ˿˿֬ۿںҺҶĿУʴȴѪţķۿɿڣ̴³ϢҷţĶҶ˱ϵֱҶǵÿϢʱ򣬲ŷſϢ
˿λ츾ɪѱҶãֻ߽գ̽ߣκҶٰͳϺĴֳͽ΢΢ֿѩȼ䣬ǻԲ˶Ĺ̹ͷ۵ѨỮţ׳Ĵͷ۶۵ѿĥţôͷĻ꣬ʪҺ׳Ĵǰһز˽ȥ
츾ɪ""һгֻ̾һ֡顢ᣬʹоŻȵĴᴩֱﻨġ޳Բ޶׸˫ȣֱĳ˳ĽֺҲ£罩һ㡣
Ҷһ壬ֱӶǧĻ˵ⴽסÿһ綼ۻͻʪ妵ճĤزнȻİĽСѨڡ
츾ɪձҧκ죬ߺƻǸִѩĹУһͷĿѣǿҿд̼ӿ˼ٵؽתƺֽͦѨľҺŪʪֻĴ
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˵ɫŮ츾ɪŤҶƲͦΪޱȵ츾ɪϵвƵģһȦҶĴÿҶĴٽʱڵͻԶ䶯ӹǻҲҧҶͷڵľ˱ҶĹͷû뵽ѨѨеļƷ
΢һ򶶶໥ĥ뻨֭ӿ֣ڿ̺ϣҶѹϣĿѣ츾ɪյĺ˿޶ȹѱ䣬ҶҶĴѾͷ˻ϣܵһ϶ûУҶ㵫µＡ֬۶ڵԡ
֮ķ֮īܣ͸ź⣬ķۺѨ޵أ˱ǣӿ֭մëʪѩ׼Եù󡣸оóԼһĴȼúܽĽӹҶĹͷҧסʹҶˬĲˡ
Ҷ뿪ᴽͷעλûκηӦۿлˮҶĵûһβǸȻ˵"ʵ̫ˡ
Ҷ㽫ͷһ£һ"
ҶֿʼͦҶĴüͷ˵"һ㡭"ҶɫԵĺ촽һ£"һ
˵Ҷסᴽ۾ͷҶ˱ţҶʼͦڳţֿʼ"
ǻʮʮԸˡǵҶ⿪ºѩ׽СģһƬѣĿѩУһɫ˿סĽ˫Ҷǰ͸˿ֵ̺죬һƬѣĿѩУһɫ˿סĽ˫Ҷǰ
͸˿ֵ̺죬츾ɪͦ·һ˫£һƬѣҫ۵ѩ񼡣ڵ͵Ĺ£һʰСҶȲػȵظ˿ѩϣҶ㰮ֵظߡҶȫǽޱȡỬϡеϸʸˣҶɷ㼡ѩɢĵŮ֮С
֣Ҷ㲻ɵõһʺͷڻԲ鷿ϣǰεĽ飬ǡôһַͷҲ΢΢̣鷿ͷǲ޵֬ۿں졣ǱһԿɰ鷿ѾءΡΡصͦҶǰɫɰ츾ɪնʱߺһƬϽ˫ۣĽޣ֪롣
Ҷֻǰҫ۵ѩУһԷӯͦԲĻٰ㺬էٰ֣ģһԽС硢Өɰ̺׵ͷӡߴؽҶͦšһԽСɰͷһΡĶ˵Ļߴڴſ˵߻ϷһԽСɰߴͷΧһȦâΣ̺潥һƬ˵ɺ졣
Ů۽СĿɰͷѾ˵زӲͦҶ캬סͷ˱ţⲻʱתøӲҶҡβͷĥĻĴתĸܵ״ڲһɹ֭Һӿ˳ȺĽҶ׳Ĵ


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Ҷɿ̴ںһȻһ·ȥֱͦ񾱡ѩ㼡۷һ·¡Ҷ촽ǹɫѩۻظһסһС硢ӲͦĿɰͷ

޾ɫŮ츾ɪһⰻȻĽΰѵҲԼתĽ䣬糺ľɫ̸ߺһƬɫ̣߲ҶʱѾչܹҶͷסһޱȡߴӲͦĽСɰͷ˱
ҶһָֻסһֻŭŰʡΡΡͦĽ顭ָסͬѪ̺ɰĽСͷһͬʱӸǰоȺģƾҶӲ̵ĴִԼ塣˫ܽӣҶֻⲻϵ䶯ǿ˱벻츾ɪյСѨôĽͣһһֱӶ˽۵ӹ
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츾ɪշ㻬Ҷ츾ɪֱֻͦ飬ͣĴ࣬ͬʱͷǻװ㣬ΡΡķۺɫ顣츾ɪֻȫ£һ͸ڵĴƾҶϳ۳ҡ
ҵؽʹ츾ɪձøΪ˽ޣƴŤѩӭŴᱡҶȥǻصĴϢšҶ㰮غס˽޼˻㴽ţĽҺ˿ڡ౻Ҷɵһزסˣ໥ﲻͣطڡ
"Һóʵô󡭡ม"츾ɪձҶľ䣬òꡣ
§סҶͦʪĻӭҶĳ壬Ȼ裬ķӦҶĿҶ˷ܵĿʼͦҺһһɵӿ˳û뵽ҺһŮ࣬ŪҶ°ʪܵģʪĴ󻬶ȡҶ㿪ʼĳ壬ÿζùͷײĻģһʱֻ"꣡
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ҶҲŵ˵"һ߳ϡ
ҶַNβҶĳܹÿһζжʵʵڵײܹǣҺòǰŸٸɯƸ˲ٻ𣬷ӾҪˡҶļУԽ䶯Ӧţһ˫㳤ʱ١ʱƽţҶÿһ²ӭϵؽ̧
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չҰس̡һͷδҲĴĹԳ˽Сӹڣһߺ˲ʱò԰ѩ񴭵С췢һѪšļٰĽ䡣
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ҶþȫƵؽ޴츾ɪջȽխ͵һ塭

츾ɪһ䣬ҧü壬ξӨӽյж--һϲúˮһŮ˵Ů彻ļ֮ۡˮʱҶĹͷ޴Ĺͷ츾ɪյĽӹڣһŨŨľҺֱԸе츾ɪյӹȵУҶ˶̵Ĺͷǽۿɰһදѹڽ˶ޱȵĹͷ츾ɪյӹڡ
εཻŵһĲһһŨŨ̵ľҺ׵츾ɪµӹڡȿеֻӹڽסһ޴ĹͷǻӲĹͷھƵһɹɹ̵ľҺ̵ӹڱһ飬Ҳݸӹڣӹڵһ󼫶ȳ鴤Ѹٴ塣оӹСڼȵľҲؽһȵĿ츾ɪղ֪ʲôֻ巼¶泩
ҶµŮϸϸ㺹죬κѩ׽һᶶ̱ҶĴƽǹ츾ɪշ̺졢СʪѨﶥסĲϳ
Ҷɫа˵"˶̣ĺܰΪ˰֮СѨȡýҺһ˫˷ҶľſᴽסҶ죬ĮȪƵ˱Ҷ⣬ҶܹŮ츾ɪʴԻޣ۵Ҷǿ͵Ļǣ˴˶̰ŶԷе򣬼Ĵ̼֮С
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츾ɪշỬȫʵ죬˱ǻʮˡҶûϵȫһһһѩ縡ͻκ̲סѪţά˹Ҷǰٵ츾ɪ£ԣĵ͸ų죬ͦżٵغƽ̹Сͬ۵Ũϸë쵽ιСѨ˷֮Уһ߳壬ϲĽ
Ҷٴΰ츾ɪһ˫ѩ׻Բ޳ȣסĽֺÿһͷȥºʪǣÿѩ׳ԶỬıŹͬʱһ˵ĸ࣬ĥ˫ۻԲȣֺףСڲ࣬ϵıɢžɫŮ츾ɪյҶ㰮ŵģҶһһñȥţͬȥ˫޳ȵÿһС缡Ե÷ǳϸϧ
Ǻ͸츾ɪһоһӱ鼰ȫǱʪ͸Ļǻ۷ģռŻľĴ""쳣󻬹񫣬Ҳ̼ܵѸѱͽ۵СѨŵñġ΢仯ɫŮ츾ɪٴ使"š
ҶƷžɫŮ츾ɪϵ㺹Ҷϲذøɸɾ츾ɪ˵ɢŵٴҶҶ㼢ʵ첶׽㴽ͷ׵˿ݣ˶߲ͬԼĿУ̰ŪšҶֲڵưϧסһԸ΢̱ʮ鷿´ţָǿŷۺ죬ͱӲͷ°ţɽӿ˹
ɫŮ츾ɪղͣŤѩĽ̴ڼԽӴأšš
Ҷſ촽ʵ˰̣㻹ðɣĿΪľԪӣ
츾ɪߺҶ㡣ҶΪ֮һͦСѨĴѸͱøӲɱˡŮ˿̲ŷѨ߲ŵܲ͸磬д֮ƣһ"㡭롭
츾ɪջδ꣬ҶѾ쵽壬һЦָʪܻϣ΢һſҶʳָ׾ٵİסĻѾӲϸѿҶָٰͬ㶶٣СɵϸѿҲָ˶𽥵ĸͣ״츾ɪյҲָͣطڶϢҲԽԽ٣ʼҧŵ˫Ҳ³˷˵รมӴء
ǿ֯һֱ˿ڸҶͻȻѴ츾ɪʪܵĻ͵úɫĴͷԵɫ͸Һء츾ɪֻҶ˫ȼֲĴȣȻ촽ʪ͸Ļ꣬˱ţҶ츾ɪյСѨʱֵԨ̲סȼнҶͷ۽СѨҶϿҶ̰㻬Ļ꣬ĺҧסǿ缺ӲСѿ츾ɪյסֶŤ̴ڽ"ม
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Ҷһ󣬿ʼļӿٶȣ츾ɪյϸѾȫӭҶĶʱͻȻİ˫ֺ찮ʪ㻬߸ͻ壬ȻĿʼͦʱȫĳڣ²ֱֻġظ˼Σڣ츾ɪյ޳ȽļסҶۺСѨҲ׷ҶĴ德Σ糱ҺӿʱҶֽ츾ɪ޳˵ŷֿ߾٣ͦ˶ԲĹͷͣŮʪĻ޴һβ츾ɪսխСݶ


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""츾ɪС﷢Ҷʣµһ"̹"ҲȫСѨս˵ļ仨ŻߵĦȻһ˿϶ûˡ
"ءء"츾ɪյԽԽˣѩ׷ҡڣҪҵĳ塣ƨŤԽֻǸҵĹ
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츾ɪղŵŵİڻصƢŮеźˮϢռ彻ʱСѨײġžϵĳҶꡣҶÿһζ붼Ѵ嵽СѨܱ֭棬ճճʪҷǺϵķУҶɫŮ츾ɪܵԸ߳
츾ɪս۵СѨԣСѨͬǣŴͷٵУ֭ڽշʱƱǣıЩδŮ򱶣˹Ѩǳջ

츾ɪյĽͻȻһҵĲɫ͸ҺͻȻСѨܵĽϴӿҶĴڲൽǣ֮ǾɫŮ츾ɪ֮㡣츾ɪվԵ״̬ŮԸ߳ǿҿг񾭡Ҷ㳤˿΢һͦһ죬ȻͦĴҲ츾ɪʪܵСѨڳʱһˮҺ͸֭˳ιȸϡ
ɪҶ԰Ĵ̼£˺öθ߳оеˣ˯ȥҶϢһ£תٸɯɯհˮִۣ崿Ϣξĳ͵ļϣϵ֬ۼΪޣСɵդε촽ȾϽεĴࡣ
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Ҷ⺬ͷͷϵޣ촽ϵζԶһ㣬Ҷ˼ӣҶĺѽ鷿ķĺܺãҺܸԡٸɯɫͷѩ׵鹵Ҷеһѣ鷿ۣеԣͷӲˡ
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ҶʹššţǽؼѹһʵʵѹҶ£ҶҶѹٸɯ鷿ϣѹҡĥšٸɯϢţţ۰׵ķ۱۽§Ҷ㡭Ҷٴʹ˱ٸɯͷʱٸɯ΢΢ˡ
ŤС˫΢򣬷βڶˣ͸¶ԼʵջǷŵ̬ҶҲ֪ѹ˫ȼ䣬ĦȺ塣忿Ҷ㣬鷿Ҷֱϣٸɯһߵ΢˫ۣӣҶ㣬ĺ촽Ө͸
ҶС죬ٸɯӵһڴϡҶеʪʪһּζһ˫ֻסҶͷסҶ㣬ͷбҶգҶһһͳϢٸɯкͿˮζһ𴫹ٸɯʼҶ촽סҶ죬ҶоԼ촽ҲմɯĿˮ
ȻҶ촽ŨŨͷٸɯҶĿȥҶҲ鲻Խͷһ𣬽šҶţ§ٸɯĲӡ
ٸɯ˫Ҷ㣬滹Զſ˫ȡҶ㼱زŪ۵뽫ָ̽ڡصҶؿڣ³һһ鷿ѹҶֱۺ䶯ţҶ͡
Ҷϣķ˿ҶߡҶ㲻ͷķ˿Уѩ׵Ĵϣоðģģһûһ覴ãҶ־ơ
ٸɯȾһƬκ죬¶޳ȣ׺ġëŨܣط΢΢ͻ𣬺ϲ
Ҷһָеĺܽȷ죬Ħ﷢˺ĴҶԾǣȻѴȲ濪ˣҶǰ
Ҷ㵱ȻŹˣָƬм仺ĦҶ㷢ʪˣĴʼպСһŬıţԼܴҶֽһӴ˹ƣڿҲҶ㣬ڿ㱻ҶϥȲ濪ҶָѨֱֱһҲƨȥ
סҶҶϽšҶָ⣬ָסӹֱҧҶƽѩƤǰףʴ޵鷿Ҷ㿴Ѫš
Ҷؽסֻ쵽ǰ棬סӱ鷿󵨵ذ쵽ٸɯأһԵʮ鷿Կó鷿ۣ֬߸ͦͷϣʱŪԼ鷿
ѩ׷˫¶ţѩ׷˵úܣһ˫ȵȷˣѩ׵ҫۣ޳ֱ࣬ûһ˿⡣Ҷֿʼõ߶ƽıϻβܵĴȵĹ⻬
һҹҶ㡣ɯֻͨǴƵĿ֬㣬¡ϼͦͷںޣ¶۵Ĵȣ۰׵¶Ҷǰ㲻ٿܡ
ֽţһĸоҶơҶ㰮ֵظŪѰů鷿ȻҶ޵鷿ǵŮޣûʲôȵŮϵ鷿óԡ
ҶҲѹֵĴϢ˫飬һ߰ͦšҶһ˫ͷϵ٣òͣС
Ⱦִٵؽ֯һ𣬷۰׵⡣
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һ˿ҵ¶۵壬¡ĵĴɫë󲿷ֶ档һϸϸĺɫ죬ĴϻһԴԵë
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ʴƨ·ͨ͸εĺ촽յҶĶߣؿñֱҽŷŵҶǰԼ˫ĴȸҶҶͷһȡ
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Ҷæ£˫ĴȡĽźϸֺͿźɫָͣҶһס˵㣬һַĴȣָмܻƬ̣˫ʹ۽ϸ
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ҶŽţ飬غǡٸɯĴҲҶͷ޼ɵ׷ʱƺΪŶᶶšҶٸɯЩ촽òֿˡ
Ҷḧٸɯǵ֬۵գ˫ҶƵĿ⣬ɬض˼£㲻Ҷעӣſ޵ͣۡ
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Ҷ˫ס˫飬ָ⡣ҶеڴӲֻ촽һҧ촽ϵ޿ں졣˫֧Ҷͷ࣬ӣҶߣﻹ˵ĽУɬĵҶĻ
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˵ҶĶߡͷҶȵĿǻﻬȥʱܵݵͷ˱Ѿ͵ͬһѡ
ٸɯ˫ֽҶͷÿҶʼҶͷͻеһɺ󳶵غͻȻҶͷѹϣᶶżһ˵ĵĵ𣺡
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зһתɰյۣȻҶƣ˿ڿҶ㷢徹ëҶֹͣ̽Ҷʳָָ
΢΢ſڲϡطҶûסҶͷͷ촽˱
Ҷ㽥ѳֲסһѱѩ׵СɽۺͷҶ壬ҶֲĦһƬëСѨһʪ͸ҶСĵҶʹ֮£ٸɯҲϵġŰ
Ҷ㿴ǻһƬҶƤؿһۣˣḧƽʵĴ϶дڹëĿڣҶָȫͣ壬˿ƵŪëҶȥ·
ҶС˵ٺҵɵڴϣϾҶһҶſϣһָ嵽Ļûܵκ谭
Ҷ§סʪ༷ҶţǰסҶıѸٸҶ˵šɡ
ӡӨĴȡ֫鷿õĻߵĴϢٸɯɢҶ־ߣƶٸɯſ˫ȺҶְܳɧѨʱšš
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Ҷٸɯӵ뻳УҶ޹˼ɣ޾ҶĿڡࡢҶ֣Ҷȥꡢѹ˱ҧٸɯ鷿ͷ
Ҷٸɯ֬۵Ĺ⻬ͷϸϸüëͿ۲ʵ۾۵۶ǡ۵֬۲ҧıӡ޵촽Ҷۻ-
ٸɯϢеȲš
Ҷٸɯ߬סҶĴеԼϲ䡭ļˮʪ˵塭ٸɯţŤŰ۵ķΡšһҶ˿ȼҶļϣҶŵһŮ˵ζҶıӣСȣȻ壬յҶֳһ֡
Ҷͷһ¿ˮͷٸɯĿ䣬ȵϢͣɱǿٸɯСɣȲǺֻܿҶָСҲǺܳĺëĺһһµĶţɫۺۺģЩʪĹЩζҶָο֣ץסѿٸɯһͦ

ٸɯһΪҶץסеĻ١
㲻Ҫѽ
Ҷָһֱ
ԽԽ٣ٸɯС㽿ţһ紺ָֽ쵽ٸɯضСĵŪšҶ˫۽˼ǣͷһšٸɯϺߺţŤţ˫ֽץҶļţҶ˫ҲסȥٸɯزҶŪǶԷۺɫͷʱҶ˷ܵ˫ץ˫ûؼ궯ٸɯǶۿҶһۣҶ˫˳ٸɯƣٸɯ˫Ρ
ߡߡมߡٸɯ˫ĳƮţӷۺɫ
ٸɯŤһ¡Ҷָһ뿪ٸɯѩƽ̹С粨˰Ϊܴ̼ȫ类絽ĿпߡУָҪࡣָ첦
ٸɯһҡӺȲϵĲһɫҺ建й㻵
˼˵ҶָһٸɯڡӴҪ
ٸɯ۵СԽԽ죬ţ岻סŤţȴ£˫ְסҶͷȽعסҶľšš
ҶŻӡšҶָֽɦٸɯڣȻⷭ¶ڱڡۺɫģۺ۵ģƨɶʪҮٸɯͦˣ˫Ҷ˺ѣˣ״̬ࡣҪٸˣҶ㡭ҶҪˣ֣û㡱ٸɯŬҶͷͦҶ㿴»ŵ΢¶һ۵ٺ΢΢ſķۺڡ


516
ٸɯһҲСŮ˰ѽܲˡ
ٸɯվڴأ˫ֲŰҶͷϣҶһͷխȹף澹Ȼһɵζ淢ౡҶʳٸɯСѨ
ҶֱסٸɯβѨҶҶ졢µٸɯȫ泩ȻҶٸɯβ١ٸɯҶһͦҶҧţٸɯԾ̧βˮҶԸɾ
Ҷ˫ֳſ˫ȣ¶ҶͷҶ㽫⸲ϱҶ˫ʳָſڣɯҲûУֻǲͣĴϢš
ҶŴڳİҺЩɬǳҺ޵ζҶԲڴİҺҶֻϢҶĿƳ촽ߴڲ࣬ڣƵߴڲֱ࣬ɳһΣҧںëҶĵƵëǵشϸزҶϸҧÿ缡飬ѹ飬ͣ鹵ͷ飬ϸ֬㡣
Ҷ˫ַٸɯȣٸɯĴȸٸɯĴȹ绬һ˵Ȳˮۡ
Ҷҧ˿ڣСĵһʵϥǴٸɯĴȣٸɯЩЦϥǣٸɯϥǺܹǸУҶоܺá
Ҷͷٸɯ˿ൽĽ㴦Ҷһ·ȣ˷ܵòšŽ˿ѵ¶ٸɯ㣬ʱͷȣܰ׺ܰףֺܳСȥպãֺҶֺЩÿֺ϶Ϳֺͣȥ˭Ѫġ
Ҷתɯ̲סٸɯߣָţɯްָҶתšٸɯƺϲҶ۵ָҶ㺬ԣǷǳ΢˫ͷԼ޴вϷߺ
ٸɯѩ׵׺һԺɫӲݣȫһ˿ңŶһλΣҶĿⲻ˶ת
ע⵽Ҷ㿴濪ȣ¶˫ȼ֮ſ׵ҫ۵ĴȣԼ˫ҶָȻĵĲţ˫ֲ鷿׵鷿ˣҶҵر˫Ǻͷ
΢һۣٸɯĴʪزţ̲סϱȥٸɯһҲ类ܰ㶶šˮ˹۵㣡ҶҲͲסˣţ·ԲƵġоǣƬͬʱ˫Юţ̲סš
Ҷ˫ƬϸŪȻѨϵţʱĥˡ޵СѨֱҶǣҶÿڷѨѨˮ㣡Ҷ˱
ٸɯϥͷ˫ȽҶͷżƴĴȲͣﵽ߳ƨҲʼ´
ĺԽԽ٣еޡޡ
һ㣬޵ҶҶ͵ߵζҶÿڷؼҶͷ޵ѨҵŪˮմͷҶHŪҰ˽У
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Ҷ˻˶ԳƵİҶСܵܽסĽͣ䶯ţƺ泤С˱Ҷһššܲˡม
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ٸɯ˽ţţҶּŪ飬ٸɯƺ˷ܣԭСѨ򵱳ԼѨϸָҲץסҶѾ͵뵽ůСѨСҶĸ첲ʹһͱһȫ룬Ҷ㷢һҲ³һҶҶ㾲ز棬Ľ䶯󻬡
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ҶҲǸ֭˫˳ٸɯθж顣ʶûȵ۶ٸɯȻǾĿˣŲͣصŪٸɯⶴжٸɯѶ˶Ρ
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ǰ˫ֳҶϣҵĴţø硭ĺôѽášš̫̫ϲˡŶŶ
۵ĴƨȴƶţŪţҶҲɣӭ϶ٸɯСѨܣһȦȦʪ˿ޣŪҶĹͷ
λв֮ǿϵĵطֻüǳǳëŵ֮£ֵиȻΪٸɯ֭Һ裬̡̡
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Ŀһαһθ󣬽ҲˡҶ˫ǰס˫飬ʧȥƵ˫ȣƣЮҶҶҵţʹ˫飬ȥ˫Ҳ˱Ҷͷ
ҶӣҡεúܣҶȥʮκҵУҶ㻺סӣ˳
ڵشϢؿţ˫鲻ͣ²ջҶ㣬Ҷǰ˫ס飬ͷʹ˱ס⣬ҧţͷš
һŴڣ롣Ҷ㽫ϥǰסҶȷУԳһ£ҶʹβǰƣٶȽڣҶƹȥѹϣҶ뿪ĴδۣҶ̾һͷ΢΢һ˵Ҫúáϧң𡭡̫
˵ٱ˳յߵۣӰޡ
Ҷ˫Ʒֱ࣬βʩȥҶʪ˳гͨ裬ҶĹͷںĦһһУҶƳ۳ƽԭϣҶ𽥼Ӵ죬ͷƫһߣ˫ֿסҶľ
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𡭡桭˼ҡšมáˬ
ϴ󡰹̡̡Ҷ㽫ٸɯƨһѹϷһͦһͦȻա
ٸɯ״ʼ̧βٵŪҶ鷿ҵİڶţü۵ıǰŲڶ˽Уٸɯ۷ֱշ죬촽΢ţҲӿ˴ϢС¹ײɧͣ΢΢໥Ħһ£ֹƨɽסŤһ£ʱ˲Һ
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Ҷ㿪ʼٴηسҲԽԽأԽԽͻȻҶеСѨһֻҲʹסҶļ磬ȽסҶ㣬ȴˣ˵ڴϣһν塣
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ٸɯխȹƨΪҶĶҶٸɯ岻ͣ˼Ӻٸɯǡ°һҶϢ׵ķ鷿ѹҶͷϡҶԼ˳ٸɯΣһֲִͲٸɯڡ
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ٸɯҶƨţĳҲеԵƮšš˽ҶһһᵽٸɯϵˮζҶٸɯ˫ץסϵ壬ٸɯβٸ
ٸɯƬαʮָֻסҶһٸɯĽ⣬ٸɯ˵Ҷȡ֡Űٸɯڳ͵մٸɯڵˮĺϱеʵˮڴ̨ϡม
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ٸɯٴſҶϣˮٸɯĸʱҶͷȥָˮĻزȥٸɯĸźýŶ
ſһһġʱٸɯԼţšһ߻ԼԼ١Ӽ
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ٸɯ˵װģҰɣûôͻ̱زˣſڴϡ
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Ҷסͷ굽м䣬촽˵Ͽ츾ɪձҶһ㣬һܣؾסҶͷڣͬʱ˫ȼнҶͷ
Ҷͷȥ٣һǿҵĴ̼Ϯһˮιȥһˮڳ˳ζá
Ҷ츾ɪյ˫ȽҶ壬ڳ˫Ūһ֬鷿鷿Ұۡĸ߳һ˽һˡȫԽӴĿмѩϸ壬鷿ͦ


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ҶӲĴǰ£һԷ鷿ѹҶظҶ츾ɪյϸ۵Ĵظһֱķβ
ڶǴΣʾҶ룬Ҷ˫΢ֿ߶ȸպãҶĹͷڳ˼ĺѨǰ
ҶֿȣѴӲĴͦͷסⶴڡҶ츾ɪձ¡ѾðȥϺɫĹͷû츾ɪյҶģһһ룬뵽幫֣Ҷͣסˣ˫츾ɪյ鷿ӣӣҵİʱҶͻȻǰһӲĴխҶȻһгС
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ղѾ˶ΣеʹгʵĿСҶرסҶҶֽһǳխĶѨůѵģǳҶ㾲츾ɪյⶴͣһؿʼ͡
츾ɪܴڴĿУԸҶӲĴխⶴĥĥڷڳҺ֭ȫһݵĿУס
ҶĽܵʹذѴӲĴ츾ɪҺ֭ⶴͲ塣˶ƮƮȻνˡ
һҶ츾ɪҶϣëӵصһˢһˢɨҶ˫ԼӲĴȴûҶ붴Ѩǰ㣬ҶһеԵĴ鷿Ҷ㱻ӲѴӲĴݷϸҡһΣͦƨɣѰ۵ֶסҶͷƨۣȻôӲĴؽη
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츾ɪҶ棬ָر˷ܡˮݣʹҶ͵ʱ򷢳̣̣
졣츾ɪС˵Ҷ㸧֬鷿źƵֱۣϸëϸĴȡ
Ҷ츾ɪյĽƵأĽŶѴӲĴչȥùͷ츾ɪֶ׼ʪ˵ⶴڣֳִ츾ɪյ
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Ҷϥǻѩ׻Բ˫ȡٴλѨظʪֻȫѵ״ָ̬ŪΪеʱ鲻ԽˣҪĥˣ㡭Ҷ㡭Һ𡭡
ĸ㣬ҵıܲ۰أý㣬òĸҽˣ
⻬ϸ۵Ĵȼ䣬̧βͷѨڻһᣬŻذͷ۵Ĵڣǹɽеʮ

ԼտѱС룡ԼСܶˣһǿĴ̼УѾؽ뵽֮ڣͷĿѣǿҿд̼£Բ鲻סò˼ٵؽεؽתš


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Ҷ㿴ķӦĪĻ䣬ȶգְ̽һߵıͦУ콫ֱĻһķͦһʵҵı˵ĸоɣ裡
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̾˿ԼĶӣŸոճζ԰úܣ¶ǵЦݣҶ㣬ѲĸóԵʳðɡ
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Ҷۼԭ߸ϡѽĲĸԭе߳𣬿ҵؽг˷ѵǷ۳ңŰϿиǲͣᱡ⻳пµĳȫűͻĿУʶûˣӿҺϴ壬ȡ졣
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סҶִͷҶͷ벮ĸڣҶͷһƵǣҶ޷˶ǶѨ
ͻȻΣȫٵĳѣѽҪ߳ˡҪйˡ
ްһǰδеĿһӣдͬǧ˿޵㣬˫һγ鴤ƵĽסҶΣžͷҡף˫ڿߣݷϣøͣҪһβʣƵġ
侫ҶֻĿݷңԶǰԸ˷ɵϡ
ͬϰ㣬ֻ̫Ѩ񶯣۾ð𻨣ҲоԼ۴Ϊ׷һһϣʱʶѾʣʴ̱ڣʶĽֻ޳޳ܵؽҶ˭Ҳڵϣ߳˵ģǰ߰ıĸס
ʱҶԼŵ˲ĸСߣ֪ɿܣ࣬ʼͣĽâͬʱͷҲʼתοͷͻߣ촽סͷ౵˱
ҶܵĸеҺҲԼ˫ַڲĸͷϣָŪŷɫĳͷסļͦ飬³ͷ䣬ͷǵµͺӦĸͷҶץס鷿ֿʼŪһֻԾɸŲĸͷ
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ſסڴԲͦѳѪĹͷͣ̾һҶĽâͬĺӻһֺܳɳƵӣС죬԰޴ĶŽ˵ǺܷĹĸͲɡʽĿڽ
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һĻ˶ҶݷĽʪԼĪյʱҶֻûһһһѾҺ
һȡŨֳҺ壬ֱ֮УĵİڵľҺȫԵһǬҶľҺûȳζлл㣬ưص㣬δͷǵľҺȻҶɹͷʼͷŰѸϵľҺһһ¾̵Ҷʵһ㡣
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Ҷ㱻ĸһ˽д̼Ѫڣ˫දĸ˶˫飬ִļĳŲĸСѨִļѸٵСѨг뷢̡̡˵һһСѨˮͬˮһĿ䶼ŪʪһִûйĿֻеСѨֳʵþûгζһɵĴŤзĽ졭ù񫡭áôļ͡СѨááˬɧѨˬˡ
ȫڲϵĿ֮Уӭѩ׵ļˮʪŹ͸ſе˷ܣ˿˶βͦɧѨʧȥƵģؼҶҶ㷢ҰްĽòĸġСѨеҶġˬ
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Ҷ˫ֲŪĸ˫飬۵ͷӲͦ˫ֽסҶƨ°ĳСѨ۷סӣ뿪ȫɵ÷ͦΣ̰ȡ֣ճı顢ͷɢ㺹֡ţŶϡááʹ졭㡭Ҫɡˡϣҡܲˡมรรáôļ͡㡭ڡˡҪйˡˡйˡ
ٵӭϣСѨһ󼱴ٵ͵һɲǴӻйˮֻйźתΪеסȫ¶˳ŴͷҶڡҶ㱻һˮעڴͷϴ̼ӲͦҶʧȥ˱Էĳ͡ڲĸйСѨг岻ͣӭţԼ߳ܵӭҶ㣬ɵѵҶǴִļĿȴʹԿܣ顢ޱȵĸоԼСѨȫįһֱˡױҶǹ˵ˣ˫ֽסҶβ°ԼƴͦҶѨıҶɵд֫ٺ˵ͿΥܹˣʹ˼㣬ηͦˮʹؽϣ԰Ļ顣ʱ̧ͷ¿ҶǴ׳͵ĽԼСѨԼѨڵƬĳ岻ͣķֱɵŶááˬҶ㡭ĸᱻĴ󡭡ĸˡĸϲҶĴ󡭡Ŷ󡭡ĸ桭Ҷ١㡭ô沮ĸԡĸҪ㡭졭ɡĸɧѨġҶ㡭졭ɲĸɧѨҶ㡭Ľͷɧı̼Ҷ㱬ҰԺݺݵسţ˿Ľѣ㺹߽šҶĴ̼Ұ޹˼ɵСѨġ̡̣֯һڻҰл졣֪ԽҶŪĸ˫飬ݺݵĸšˬƵƵŤڷҶĳ壬ƴ̧߷ԱСѨϵĸСѽĸĺáҶ㡭Ҷ㡭áô󡭡û塭ĸˡڡˬҵĺҶ㡭Ҷ㡭ĲĸมÿҪҶ㡭ˡҶ㡭ĸˡҪҪˡมͻȻ˫ֽסҶıָУͷһСѨȻҧסҶĹͷһʪȵˮֱй̵Ҷͷ͸ĵֱƵҰްĺз壬ʱȺľҺעСѨֱˬȫΡ̴ٵҶǸйûήӲҶԷĳͣòӭҶȴ֪Ҷ㱻ҩΣڵϦӼҵԽµǵشǵëïʢŨڳ޵СѨ۵Ƶҷֿмһ϶ıţˡ޼ˡʱҶʹҶڴϣǴִմˮֱͦͦӲͦ˶Ĺͷ滨ˮ˳Ű¡ɵһô󡢺ô֣ҵСѨȻɣ
Ѿ̫ˡҶϣԼСѨ׼Ҷ˫ַֿѨڶ׼°СѨУǴʱҶԣ˫ıסķδִһͦͻˣֱѨȫûСѨ֮УҶֻеһůխСⶴˡ͵ɵϳ壬СѨкݺݵĳ鶯ҵĽšʱţеСѨʮûйġֵġġ˵ĿдСѨ֮ѸٵȫɢһһĳԼɵķȫҲ˷ܵķȡ̣΢աաԸеĺ촽һһϵĴϢţ۵С಻ס˫ŴĳͶβҲһǰһͦԽԽֱˣæĲĸ㺹ܣҲ㷢ɢҵŰڶ裬СѨⲻסıˮѪˮĴɽдһѽѽˬ
˫ץԼķ˫鲻ϵŪ귢ܵ˺ʱ׶ʱǰͦżҲҶĿϲסĥˮԽԽĿ䶼մʪˡɵɵɧ˵ĽеѽûС뵽Ůϡԭˡˬ󡭡ɵҡáˬСѨˡáá硭ɡҵСѨ
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Ҷ㲻סİ棬ͷӲͦԣܲѣ̰Ů֮֡ճĵıҵʶáġϡҡ׻50࡭ꡭȴȴ֪ζҪҪҵġɧѨøҶ㡭Ҫҵˬˡ
ʱԼȫˮ֮֮ˣȵĿд̼ȫܣʰ׵β䣬ÿһĲСѨֿٵ˳δ˶Ĺͷײڻ֮ϣĿдȫŨڵëʪܵСѨܣƬⷭѨڳŵĴ󿪣ݺݵĳֱҪСѨɴƵֱˬ˽УѽˡҵĺˡɡҵɧѨม졭ҵ׸硭ԺҲˡȫ㡭ҪѨˡҪˬˡˡ
һ˷ܵĴ˫ֽץסҶļͷСѨĥסн˱Źͷȫһ̵ӻйˮֻй㼫ˣȫҶϣտܵĺʪˮҶĴͷֱ̼ĴͬȵһʹСѨŵĸ󡢸ֱˬҶͬҰһĳ鶯ֱɵȫûӭϣȫȼաҶ˫΢վǳĿС


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鷿ҵĦҶţзáˡҿ졭졭ˡø硭졭ײˡɵҡáˬĺˬ
ԽֱԱߵȫ˫ֲסԼ˫顢СѨ󡢿ŪСѨ֮ˮʱƣɵйййȫСѨףѨڴ󿪣ʱҶͻȻƵ˷ڲĸĸϷȫĸĸӭϵĻ壬зĺУááСѨеˬÿ֡ҪɡɴҪˡ
һļͦδκݺݵײģֱײĲĸ֫ٺ鼫ˣͻȻضڻϣһʹʪȵľҺͬˮһСѨ֮СȥŲĸĸĻġֱˬĲĸ˽Сˡ̡ӹˡáСѨˡҪйˡûһȣǿҵĶ˼£˫ֽıסҶ㷢ȫѣ˾ĸоһᣬҶղĸоɵ¶ЦݣǾϾ塣ҶĽ޵΢ӵĵͷĵСղɵĻ𣿡
ҶһĴЦ˫§˫࣬ͬʱ˵ղŻҵСԹǡͷС쵰㲮ĸôСԹԣûûСġҶ˫Ūֻȫ˵СܵǰСԹԣ𡡣ղŻ𣿡
ͷ⼫ˣûôҶĵôԺҪҸɣҵӺòáһֵҶ㣬ôûûСģĲĸ챻ɵĺˬѰĶ㣬
˵ҽ쳢Ůϵζ󣬲ᵽʲôֻԧ첻ˡ̫ˣԺԸɡҶһЦãһϲԽʱҵĲĸ̼
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Ĵ̼С÷ڽ֮Уһ̵ȫԵۡ泩ȡˣ ΢΢е˵ߣɧӣҶתѩ׸۵鷿 Ҷĳ鶯ҡţʹҶȵĸţҶûС÷Ϣʱ䣬ĸ硭มðˡõСѨ СѨҪˬˡ֡ѽมҵĺҶ㡭ɷĸɰɡมɧ С÷ˡมԡ׸ָɵõӹˡˬʥ߹С÷ɧƵģ˫ƲҶϣ˵СѨ ͻҲ øӽխһ˫ҲĽ§ҶıŤƨҡͦ硭มˬҶˡมС÷Ҷˡ˼ҵĻˡˬˡҶ㡭С÷ðมมҰ ӵС÷СѨˡมɵˬҶˡมС÷˫ֽҶ㱧 ýģƨ ҲͣͦţʱĽҶҧѨշĥŷùͷĻ תÿ ҶĹͷС÷ӹʱС÷ͻӿҵץҶıšС÷硭มС÷СѨˡС÷ˬˡมҵҶ㡭ɵС÷ˬมԡֲ嵽˼ҵӹˡˬҶˡˬҶˡҶСѨÿĥһΣС÷Ľͻ鴤һ£ÿ鴤һ£ѨҲŽһΣֱ  СѨ̵ˮֱҶĹͷС÷ӹһСƵĺ˱Ҷů  ĸоҶе޵꣬ʱֻ̧֪ܵ߷ΣСѨͦͦ
มҶ㡭ɷšС÷ҪˡС÷ˡС÷Сɷ򡭡С÷ˬˡұҶˡมˬˡ̶סˡйҶˡ졭ҰɡС÷ʧˣٴӭϵĸ߳ſ֫й  ڴϣҶҲҶխѨС÷Ѩ˱ζ


536
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538
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ɵڴϡ ÷Ҷ㣬Ϣϴ衣
תԡҡ ÷ܿϴ裬Բɢʪܵĺڷ͹¹Ľһ˿ҵ߽ҵҶ㣬Ҫʲô
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ҶȻѺͽķƸΣǴδϸ˿ֻ̣ԳȷҶ㽥سѪӲƬ̾ͽǹ߾۾ͦڿ¡Ҷ㷭ͦͦصҶЦҲҪҪ塣
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÷Ĺʵ̫ˣһһ¹ҶҶ㣬滹ͣ˱䶯ŪҶˡǷԲΣнҵߡתһ˫飬˶ҲнԾţŶ÷鲨ˣҶ㲻ˡ Ҷ㡭̡ˬ
㡭㡭ҶҪйˡһ㡭
𡭡𡭡Ҷ㡭Ҷ㡭ȵȽ㡭
÷һҶƨһֱ϶ԽԽ죬֪ҶҪйˣͼӿٶţҶҶҲн࣬һ˳žܲϵ룬ȫС¶ˣһ޷͵ˬӵҶȫȻۼ˼׵ǵ¶ˣ͡ ҶҲѳֲסҶĳ̣ɽһش󿪣һйע׵ľҺֱ붡÷ӹУҶ÷һӵġҲѾйıԵ־ҶӿĻġҲԿƣҲһйˡ һΡսֱսһʱﵽ˵߷壬Ҷ㿴С÷ڴϾս˯ȥֻðѹĿתŲĸѾᡢ顢ģ§ס£ҵؽһҶ鷿ô󰡡СͶ÷Ĳ£ģҲһƯǵ͡ Ҷһ鷿ˣǿɰͷҲӲˡҶصһ·ȥǹ⻬ƽ̹ĸС³ϸķݣ¸Ż˵һ۵ĺ챦ʯ챦ʯ˵ġ羰Ҷסˡ
ҶȫϷŪŪͣĿ飬˵Ҷ㣬Ҷ㣬ˣⶫġ
˵ţץסҶסزŪš Ҷּѹ£һֲԼݣֿԼҰ꣬һַҶҶ㣬׼񶴣ȻҶһüĿʾ⣬Ҷһͦ͡һˮ£Ҷһȫûˡ ʹ
һü Բ𣬲ĸҶ̫ˡ
Ҷôͷǻĥš һֿʼˣţҶ㣬̫ˣ̫ˣŪòĸˣĸһӻܲˣôΣղǵһŪʱŪòĸĺʹҿ㻹֪ңϿͣı治Ūòĸˣģĸƭ㣬ĸû죬ɰɡ


539
ҶҶУģ鶯һ±㷢͡һ֫ڶȼӴҶԽԽԽԽ죬ʱ̡̡һƬ⣬ڵƤҲҶҶĳǣ룬һɹ𤻬ˮ Ҷ㡭û졭áܺáĸáˡˬˡҪѲĸˡ
ʮˣԴɷᣬʮ˹ѣʮ꣬ƻͣúأػشҶܸɵǱ̬֣֡͸˵ģȫ͸죬һһҶظŪҶ㡱Ҷ㡱ҽһͨ һֲ֧סˣһҲйһɹɵӿӹ棬ҶĹͷϣһӾˡһָ˵Ҷ㣬˰ɣĸ棬ǽ
˵űҶתһ½λã׵ؿʼʶ ҶڴϢ˵Ծŵ˫壬һͷܿҶһһ龰ҶŪ͵ͷۣ΢ӣ˫ͨ죬ڷƮڣַϥǣһһ¡ǳǰҡڡĥŪţȫʢĵˡ Ҷ㣬ɣ𣿡
ˣĸأ
ĸҲѽ֪ĸѾʮûˡ
϶˵ţͣŪţٶȽӿˣͼ˼£һйעˡ ˮȪˮƵӿҶĹͷϣҶҶ˳ҶҶСϣ˵ëʪˣ˳ҶĴȡƨϣʪһƬй֮ᣬ̱طҶϲˣҶҲ̼й˾һһɹ̵һӹУȵľҺǿӹϣÿһ£ͱŪòһ£ӿŨǾÿݵĻģöҪˡ ĸӲ죿
Ҷ㷭ѹ¡ ˣĸˣ⻵йỹӲ
˵ Ҷм䣬˵˼ӲòĸҶһΰɡɲĸѨɣĸܲˡ
˵ Ҷſ£Զθ߸𣬺ͮͮĻޱر¶ҶǰҶֲĻ꣬ƬʺмزùͷĥˮֱĴ󶯣ƨᶥ˽ţҶ㡭𶺲ĸˡ
һַֻֿԼһֻסҶĴҶĹͷ˵񶴿ڣȻһҶƨɣ̡һŪǾúĶѨ
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һķᶥҲסҶ졭Ҫйˡ
ҶͣŪһ͵ؾҵ£һͣһƵӹҶĹͷϣ֮طӣҶĴ̼£ͬʱй˳ȥȾڶ÷СѨˣӿšţҪˡ ҶڶŮϵõǿ㣬ΪԺܼõŮСѨҶûɱ磬ֻǰҶ㾭촲ϵսҶ÷˸ѵϢ˶졣


540
ֱļңŷţҶ㣬ϲӣҶһţ§סŷʵĸʱûҰ
⻵Ѿǲĸˣòĸʲô
ŷе߷ߵ˵ôǲĸأе£пգҲ𣿡
Ҷ˵߸ŪŲĸĽ
Ҷ㣬Ҫˡ
ŷҶĸŪ½
Ҷĸİֻ֪䲻ӣֻӭԼˣҶ§ŷɳϣŷİɳϣŷߵĲҿҶ㡣
ҶԼĴ󼦰ͷŷ޺촽ԣҶֳ׳˶Ĵ󼦰ͣԴ˼£ȻŷͷҶ󼦰ϵۺ󣬾ſС졸գ
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ŷʱ££ƮԵ㷢Ǹ鵽ߣͬʱͷ˵ͷҶۣСȴԸжʺ㴽ͣŪŴ󼦰ͱߵ⹵
Ҷⳣ˵Ĵ󼦰ͣŷĶŪ£ʱӲǵˣ󼦰С㶥ڼϣʱѱŷ˱ûϣ󼦰ҲһһŷСֶţŷֻҶ֮ĹϵԼɷ¥ϣվܿͰϵ˯ۺڿѵһ˿ҵĳվҶǰŷȫѩס۵壬̵ͦ鷿͹βǶ˵óˮۣŹﲨĿҶأŷһֻſҶӣȻҶ෴Ĺ壬Ҷ壬ȻһֻסҶĴ󼦰ͣŬſС죬ҶǴĴ󼦰ͣȻٶͷŴ󼦰ϵۣСԸеҲͣŪҶ󼦰ܵ⹵ֻŷۣһģɧ˵ŷ̰ĸҶ壬ŪҶĴ󼦰ͣԸˡҶ쳤ŷС,šҪá
ŷҶһȫһ󶶲Ľ˫ſŵôģཱུСѨҶǰʼһһɵˮͬʱԡҶ㡭ม򡭡һมˬɡ
ŷĻҶŷҲ̲ˣҶ˫ֱŷ˫ȣŷѨϣҶŷСͷѷ죬ϵŷСѨŪֵޱŷȵС캬ҶĴ󼦰͡ɵͷ˱Ҷŵۣŷ³ҶĴ󼦰ͣżͣҶغСС෭ţȻתҶƨϵƨۣҶƨɣͷƨŪţ̼Ҷȫ飬Ƥ
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541
ŷûҶ侫ֹͣ෴СҶֱðĴ󼦰ֱͣŷҶĴ󼦰򾻺󣬲Ƭʪ޺촽һŷҶԹĿҶ㡣Գ̵ģŷǼֱ˵ûõƵģٿȫ׵ļظϣһԸͦ۵Ĵ鷿ϸСԲƨɷԲµë Ũܶ룬޳ɫĽϣұޡɧ˵ЦݣҶԡŷҶţߺ˫ȿҶĴ󼦰ϣҶĴ󼦰ͣһҷֿԼСѨմҺɳϵҶĿŷСѨǳۺɫ赣ŷСѨһɹʪҺСѨ񼷳ƵţŷҶĹͷ׼Ѩѷ촦΢ǰһûκɬ״̬£ҶĹͷƵĲŷѨˣŷͦȴ¶ӵı飬һǺʹĽüͷһŷı鲢ûҶע̫ãҶ㻹ǵͷҶŷٵĽϴֻҶֳִĴ󼦰; СѨ˽ȥҶĴ󼦰ͽŷѨſȻĲѨ˷ܵĸоû淨ݵģֻ˸жҶֻ˲ɣ
ŷٰҶĴ󼦰ͲĵСѨֻһ̬СҲ泩ģมðšมô֡มšܲˡ˺ҶĴ󼦰̫ˣŷǰʱҶоҶļͺ൱һ㣬Ҷ̧ͷҶŷĽϴֻŷѨŵ⣬Ҷļֶ˽ȥҶԸܵŷѨҶĴ󼦰͵оýխǷǳĸоҶĴ󼦰͡ĲĸมŷˡมŷĴȷֵøˣǰҶĴ󼦰͸ѨǸȻӣҶ֪ҶĴ󼦰͸ŷΪʵĸоΪҶܵŷѨĻɵ䶯ţˮҲϵŴ󼦰͵ĲŷѨ˳ʹŷԭŵӸǶúðҶĴ󼦰͡มĲĸมСѨˡҶĴ󼦰̫ˣտʼʱŷϰߣҶļͻûȫŷѨŷüúŷ뿪ƵģֻһҶĴ󼦰СѨ һŵมá͡Զӡŷมļ󡭡šĲĸǰҶĴ󼦰ȫŷСѨŷ˫ҶأʼŬǰͦƨɣŪҡţʹɢ磬Щ˿Ʈۼձ߱㺹סϵı޳죬ɧƵ΢΢üŮ˺̬ҶζģȴŷϣĸҶ㣬һ뵽⣬ʹҶĴ󼦰ǵøֳĶСѨҶ㡭มĸСѨԶֻ㡭ֻɡСĸ㡭Ҷ㡭ĸɷ򡭡มǲĸġðĴ󼦰ͲĲĸˬĸҪ㡭ÿŷСѨม֪ŷٿѵѨҶļ̫֣ҶеҶĴ󼦰ͱŷСѨеýģҶȫһһʵĵͨƵģһ鵽ŮԽζһ뵽ǺŷԽҶ˷ܵĽ˳ڣĸСѨůýมеҶļˡ֪ôˬมҶˡҶ㡭ม벻Ĵ󼦰͡׳ŷСѨʱɡšҶˡŷɳİڵһһµŪʱı۾ĿСǳ׽ƵģҶҲ˳ɳİڶµŷŪֻŷѨˮŷ˽˵ðšСɷĴ󼦰ͺô֡ѲĸСɧѨġĸมɵòĸˬĸ⼸׻ˡΪʲô㡭ˬĸɷ򡭲ĸˡม׵ĸоô̼Ҷ㡭ŷˬˬมĸˬô󼦰͸ɲĸĺˬءมоˬô̼֪Ҷɡôˬมĸ͸ˡĸ׻˼ꡭСɷ򡭲ĸҪÿ졭ŷСɧѨòáŷͦǶԼͦ 鷿ҲŻζҶ̲ס˫ָǶӲͷŪȫ ŷˬţšˡม󼦰͸簡ҶˡֻĴ󼦰ܸ͡ɵŷôˬˬม󼦰ͶӡɵŷѨˡม졭Ҷġ󼦰͡ɽŷСѨĸҪ㡭ҪҶ㡭ŷʱͦƨһһµŪţĥתһӣټٵͦΣô󼦰ѨĸŪţʱµͷҶĴ󼦰СѨʢมĴ󼦰šŷĴ󼦰ˡĴ󼦰ͲĲĸˬˡมĸҪ󼦰Ͷӵ԰¡ŷҪ󼦰͸硭ŷСѨม׸硭ɷ򡭲ĸˡŷΪŮ˵ܣȫҶĴ󼦰͸ۻԼ鱩ľ鷢йӭҶļ ҡƨɣˮˮɳʪ˺һƬСѨˬมҶ㡭ŷĻġ㶥ˬˡ顭ˬšˬҶˡม졭ŷҪ󼦰ԡɲĸɧѨมˡšŷٵĴϢͽ˽ҶҶ˷ܲѣǿԼֳĴ󼦰ҶޱȵŷŮխѨţҵĿκθо޷ȵģҶҲ ġҶ׸硭มֶŷĻˡˬѽˬõСɧѨˡ˼ˬˡมҶ׸硭졭˼ҵСɧѨมԡҶŷ׸硭󼦰͸硭มŷԭ崿ȴģټСѨеĿкͲʱҶͷˮˬҶĴ󼦰ǵøӲ֣Ҷ㱧ֱͦƨɡҶ㡭มมŷĸαšŷˡҪɵҶˬˡ졭ŷҪйˡ졭СѨŷй󼦰͸ˡŷҪйˡʱŷ֮ǰţԼҶŪӲСѨһĽҧҶļֳͣһɹ̵ˮ󼦰͸硭มŷйˡĴ󼦰͡ĲĸˬйҶˡɧѨˬˡöû󼦰Ͳ߳ŷҶĴ󼦰Ͳ鱩ۻˮһֱҶĹͷϣҲŸ߳ˬжĵҶϣһɹɵˮСѨҶĴ󼦰Ҷƨ£ɳŪʪһƬúܲˣøոŷйһξҶܿľͽ侫ĳ嶯


542
һҶŷѾйýˣҶæɳϣǰŷҶ治ҶۣΪŷѩϸ۵ļͦ鷿ۺɫͷ԰ɫ Ρƽ̹⻬СݵĶꡢͷƵ˳ë޺ɫĴʺɫС ʷۺɫ٣Ҷţ󼦰͸͵㡣Ҷ̲סſŷϣֲͣڵ˫ϴţ鷿ϵͷ֪ŷַϲĺͬʱԶĳ˫ȣҶĴ󼦰ͣˮСѨڣҶ㷢ǵĴͷʪķʺදššҶˡมҶ㡭ĸĺñ졭콫Ĵ󼦰ͲŷɧѨɡมĸˡҶĴ󼦰͸硭˼ҵСѨҶĹͷ궯֮£ŷˮѷ ĳһСϪҶ֪ŷ൱ĿҶϿ콫󼦰ͲСѨÿѨҶ㻹æ ŰѴ󼦰ͲŷСѨֻѨڸ١Ҷ㡭ĸܲš˼Ҫġ󼦰졭ŷСѨҪĴ󼦰͡š׸콫Ĵ󼦰͡ŷš㡭šŮ˵ԭʼŷ鵴ȻͨҪҶĴ󼦰ͲСɧѨɧ͸ǵ̬ҶѾĵջ̼գµĴ󼦰ͱǵִӲҶùͷĥŷʺʪĦº󣬾Ͱѹͷ׼ŷѨȻҶǰһͦ󼦰;ĲŷʪǳСѨ 棬Ҷһ壬̣һҶ׳˶ӲĴ󼦰ͣŷѨڵˮ˳ľͲŷȵСѨˡô֡มҶĴ󼦰ֲŷɧѨˡมôְŷɧѨġð졭ĸĺɷ򡭿ɲĸɡĸɲĸɧѨΪ߸ϵĸףһܷйҶ̲סĳ𣬴̼ҶŴ󼦰ͳŷѨҲ鷿 ŪǻԲʵƨɣҶ˵ǰԸˡʴǵŮˣֻҶ㷢йŮˣ֮˿ֻĹϵҶ׵Ժˣมĸĺø硭Ĵ󼦰ͺมɵ˼ˬˡԡص㡭ĸมŷĸαมĴ󼦰͸ɵ˼ҡ̫ˡŷŮտõխյѨҶĴ󼦰ͼеʮˬСѨ ԽԽҶˬѣҶˬʹĿ͸ɣٹͷŷĻĺҶ ĻŪ˼£ֳ鵽ѨĥĥȥȻʹĺݺݸ룬ֱĻġˬĴ󼦰ͺ̰ĲĸĸŷมĴ󼦰͡ɵŷÿมŷͣͬʱļŮƵķ˵ŤҡƨɣӭҶǿĳҶҲҶĴ󼦰СѨҵĿţʲô׵µĹ淶ͱ󼦰ͲСѨĿиȡˣมŷҶɵĺˬมܺŷˬšСѨеҶˡĸҲˬĴ󼦰͸ɵġมŷѨࡡˬม졭ԡٲ㡭졭ŷˬมҪŷˬˡһ㡭šáɧŷҶĴ󼦰͸ɵݻƨɸһɳҡͣʪѨҲһһɵҧҶĹͷˮһͣมĸɡԡˬҶˡҶ㡭มĸɵˬˡɧѨˬð졭ɡมĸҪһӶɲĸҶ㽫ŷ˫̧ߣҶϣ СѨͻİҶĴ󼦰ͲɣŷҲ˳Ƶ˫ֽ§Ҷı˵ֱŤθͦףŤӭҶٶȡĸ׸硭มŷĴ󼦰ˡ󼦰͸硭ɵŷѨˬˡĸĸαมֻĴ󼦰Ͳܡɵŷôˬมô ŷĽɵʹҶ㾡Ļζƨɣô󼦰СѨﲻͣĳ ҶµŷҲŬŤͦƨɣĽţȻİպͼٵĽУҶ֪ŷĵ˷ܺͼɵŷˬˡมŷĻĺáมมˬšɵŷˬˡҶ㡭㡭졭ŷҪˬˡŷͽͣ˫ֽ§Ҷ ͰƨӭҶĴ󼦰ͶСѨ壬ˬҶĳţÿһζҶĹͷĥŷĻתʹŷˮͣûŷѨมҶĴ󼦰͸硭ɵҶˬˡมมҶ㡭ŷѨˡม졭ٸһ㡭มŷѨŷҶĴ󼦰ͲɽĲ֪й˼ΣĵϵĻ̌ҶĴ󼦰͸ĲСѨͣĺҶ㡢Ҷ㡣ҶĴ󼦰ͲĲĸˬมԡĸСɷ򡭡塭มĴ󼦰ɲĸ塭ԡŷŷˬɡมׯŷҶĴ󼦰ͣˬѲ֪ԼٽЩʲôˣڵֻҪҶĴ󼦰͸ĸСѨѣҶ˫ŽҶϵı񵴸ް˿¶ӣʱţҶǵĳŷǳˮС Ѩมˬĸ׸硭ɵҶ׸Ĵ󼦰͡ɵ ҶˬˡԡҶ㡭㡭졭㡭Ҫͣԡมˬˡŷɷ򡭡ø硭ҶҪййˡŷҶ˫ҶһֱĥţŮĿŷʱ˿ȫҶ㼤ҵĴ󼦰͸Ľţ˫ָıţҶ㱬Եʹ󼦰Ϳ͵ĳһһεԽĸ߳ҶҲŷﵽ߳ʱͷĵסŷӹŷСѨⲻͣ䶯Ҷ㼦ͳƵĲͣ˱ŵĿкѨС
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ҶܰȻһѱסһƬ㴽ֱסǻңƴȴȫҶ촽̣˱ŻŮᴽǼڻɽϵһϢ˲ҶܰеʱһƬհסС㣬Ҳܣſҡ
һϢ˲ҶܰеʱһƬհףȫƺͨƬ촽˱ȥˡҶܰۿһȣһξӨ顣Ҷᣬæɿ촽ʵ˺˹ù𣿹ùԸ⣬ҾԲǿѵģ
ҶܰȴߴԹĵصҶһۣ˿ؽС۸˼ң˼Ҫһᣬ㶼𣿡
ҶϲҧҶܰĶЦùùãǵȥѵǸСο𣿡
Ҷܰͨ죬ÿɷؽС֮˼ҪϢһˣ
˵˫ʹҶƣһƣһ˿صҶ㣬Ҷĸ첲ݺŤһѣԼһпźŸղſ~еϣĹŢѿָܷܷԼ̵գоԼ·ֻصŮ£ĳԳþòƽѽô°Ȼ£ͻ˸~
Ҷ뿪ùҶܰķ䣬ȴתߵƼѻ۵ǰƿڵţ߽Ƽѻ۵ҡ
Ҷ㵽ſڣšûѵС۳ȥˣҶ΢΢Ӧһ£˵ĺֻЩ١ѵѾͷˣ
ϴղʡ°ɣҶһϽų˽ȥƼѻûŶȫעضĻĻ棬Ůڡĥĥ©㴦


554
ƼѻûʶҶȹϣСƨϡһֻС棬۾ĻĻ治ţСͨͨģ١
Сۡڸʲô
СѾͷŶ󣬾ѧ˿ƬҿĥôζѾͷ׼˭ٺϰɣƼѻû뵽˳ŵüһ
Ҷ㴫ҵģ˵ܺÿ˵ûʲôֲñ֪
ƼѻʲôԼһŮļıȺPƬԼŮĥСˡ
еĻһ㿴šظ߹ٶڸʲôְ滹װơ˵ʲôԵҳϡΪ˵ǶԿʵΪ̰ۡ㿴ˡôܹܣ
Ƽѻ۵Ҫ񿴼˶ҪƵءΪ̫׼ȷˡ
ҹֲǹ쵼ˣ̰۰ǹƨ£
Ҷ񺹣ô̰٣ɱһͻվʮɱʮ򣬺ͻվ̰ǿþҲôʹˡ
뵱ԪðƤݵķҲɱ̰٣θС˼ҹٹ໤˭̰٣ôͻ׹¥ֹȵҵȫ£˭Ҳ̰ҶԲƬҲȥ̰٣ԸƱȵزԸȾĹҪѣ
Ƽѻ۳±ӣطֱΪʲô̰ٿ԰ǣȴƬҲУ
ԹŮǲܿƬ
Ҷ۸ҭסˡ⻹û취شֻӲػش
Ҷһ룬ƬҲھѧСҪֻҪŤת˼С
β׷·ƼѻӦףԼϣһ㣬˵С̫ʲôššƽʱҪ˹ΣϷҲǿԣϿƬ϶С
ѿӴϣ
ҶһѾͷƨɣϽϿӡ
ҵĿأ
ƼѻСƨңҶ㡣
֪Ŀȥˣµģ
Ҷ񺹣ֲԼĿ㣬֪ô°
ޣ
ƼѻۿҶѾûôˣƤ¹񣬷¿ӳзԼԭСڱŴһµСڡ
Ҷ򿪵ԣ㽫ĻƬȫա
Ƽѻվ۰Ͱ͵ؿţƺҶ顣
Ҷļжɾ㿪ļжHģɴʽƼѻۼˣе磬мHģֻǱ飬з޳ɳǵҲHԽòã
ʮGHƬвѾͷռܾˡ
ޣ
Ƽѻ֪סԼղأֺõػشһˤ£־СƨɺۣſڴϼҶее̵ģԼȻеҰһĸ磡
Ҷ㽫̨Էһ飬ٰղؼеHַɾһ룬ְMP3ؽ֡DJҡ֡һЩֿڸҳͳͳɾƬֺܶƬǶջҶĺգҲһЩŮͬѧƬһЩϵͼƬз쳣Ҷ֣ͣ׼ѵˡ
һͷƼѻɫЩš
ѵè壿
Ҷһ飬ٴƬõģʽͼƬ㵽󡭡
ҶƼѻ۽ƬӳУȴǰٺϣƳͷƣþ߲ͼƬţƵƼѻͼƬƻĸΧĴСҶ㿴ˣûһͷڼϣСõ뷨̫ǿԼ޷⣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ΢΢ԥһ£ҶװûаЩƬɾûкӺգеִġ
磬ҵıɾˣԺҿô찡
ƼѻίҶ㡣
ҶаһЦ˵ɵӣЩ޵Ķȫ֮㲻ǻи𣿸ԽڸһЩʵӴ̼ĺö
˵ţҶҶŻˣоƼѻ۵ĺ죬ӱסӣСڣ΢΢Ļ㴽ıݡ
Ƽѻ۽Ӳӱ޻ǰչ޳˫ۣҶĲӣԼ̵ĸоֱ˫Ŀգ΢΢أӭһ١


555
Ҷɵݵϸȥ˿֪Ůݣ˻ʪĿǻ֮£ƼѻߵĶСࡣ
Ƽѻ۱ͷһãǻ֮еʱȼһ棬ʼҵȼԽһСߵӱܵɬĻӦٵơ˱ˮִ˲ƣˡ
Ҷǵ𣬱סƼѻ۵һѽû֫ƣӽһ
Ƽѻ۵˫۹ľϣ˫䣬ݣҲǡٻɫĽ棬ǰ̶ͦڱо
˼ͷཻϢţһǡֱƼѻ۱ǵýֹӷ·һ̲ˮֱ»ҶɿӣеɨƤգ캬סһֻӨĶƼѻ͵زһ£׿Ҷļͷϣ޹ǣϡ
Ҷ˫ԭƼѻ۶ȹĻԲķ֮£ʱֳһֻƣȻ룬̽ٻɫĽ棬סһֻ΢΢Ů顣Ƽѻ۵͵һһգһٵĺΪ֮һϣ۲ˮ
Ƽѻ۷ҷĴϢǣҶ΢΢õԡ³ĶʪĴڽ۵ľصػĶߣ͵͵СۣҪ㣡
ƼѻߵǺϼ棬һŴӷӲҶƼѻۣ
ƼѻɬĿ⣬֮ʪüҪˮҶ˫Ѫ죬ǿҵƼѻ޵ƽƽطŵϣȻѹȥƼѻ۽һڴϿʼһڵĿˮһ㣬ƼѻٻɫĽ˶ȹҶ¿׷ڵء
б͵Ӵк룬һɫıɴƼѻϣԵһϸƤͰİࡣƼѻ΢ţ糺˫ȼһ㣬˫棬Ŀıӡ
ƼѻԲСɶƣɢžӨ˵ĹҶ˫һϣѰһ˫ɬůģǴƵĽۼ塢֣оױȵĺá
ƼѻһߵԲĻвסΡŤҶֻһҵСڶѸٵÿһëףţһĴ񣬱ֱͦüŭĿ
Ƽѻۻһ㣬鼤֮£۵ļһӨĺ飬неĺҶиƼסӦÿһ΢ģʯˮֻܼصĲͬ
Ҷ⣬ƼѻŮɽۣȵıϢ΢΢һ۵ӣҿʼӲ߸ߵذͦΡһⲻͣȥŪȥɡȥռУԱ˵èڶµһֻСһ㡣
Ƽѻ۷һ͵͵ʣƵѱҶ㺬̵ȻӲĥӲݣҧͷ˱ƼѻȫҲסһѹֵૣһ㡣
Ҷ³ʺεģɵѶ£ƵɨҸѡСһַΡ£һ֬Ůӽȫ¶˳
Ƽѻ۵Ʈ
Сۣ
ҶסɵĽףƼѻ۽޵һ̾У޳ȳƵȷֽѩϸµļ˿аĹ⻬ɢһȦϸİɫâһ侫
ҶϧȲߣСȡϥ䵽ڲӡһһȶʪǣ·һŸ߳յĸʦ沮صСҹᡢܡ
ƼѻеĴķҶÿһÿһУȫÿһë׶ڿ³һϸСӨĺ飬ȫб֮£Ƽѻȫ۹£ݡ

һҶȵ촽ڻ˴ӻĴȾͷ붯ȼ⻬紥Ƽѻ۷ͬС¹ײ͡糺죬ֻ˽֮һһвסĶǣʴǡ
ƴҧأñںźϢ֣һ˫ѩ£нҶԴδ˵ĻʥǳʪһƬ
Ҷ̵ֻƴƼѻԲϸϷΣƵԲĴȣٴƽʵСϷµԴڡָ̽ϴӻڹĹƬ۴мỬƼѻ۵ĺԽԽȫ㺹ѩ׵С˰㣬ͣ
Ҷ³⣬ʪȵĳɫϻɫޢְСĶޢҺĳ£ŹӵĹâһӨƼѻ۵ĺһͳʣʹĿõĻĽ͵ͨ죬һͷ㷢ҷɢͦε
ʪȵڴӻ۵ļĴŰȵıϢԽԽŨ¶ҶǣµȻֱͦӲʤ̿ѪţĿϸϸͻ𣬾͵Щˡ
ҶͷĲס䶯ƼѻۿĲС˲䴫ȫÿһ䣬˫ڴϺҵץţϸ߸߹Ť׺εСֻ֪ӱҶϮӭ˵ĳ
Ҷ磡
ƼѻϽޣˮҪγˮһ˫ỬĴȣ鲻ԽزҶʵľ
Ƽѻ۽۵Ĵ۷ҶƶŪῪһɳĮɬȪۣһ˿˿Ө¶һۺɫϸ¶۶ɱһȻӫ⣬Ž۵ĹɵȻ䡣
Ҷһȴǧ֮õļˣ⣬סһαĸ¶ճҺȥȻȴڶӻţ̶̵һɵһ¡˱ɳĮĽ˿ޱȻ̵⣬ҲǼٵĿ¶ҪֱӴȪھ򡢼ȡǺ档
Ƽѻ˷ܵȫԽԽ죬вصǡӷӵһѣڴϾһҶں˱СۣŭĴϲ󱯣䣬ֻһߡ


556---570
    ֹĿ˳ϯһУûаûоͷеֻǳûͻһֻͶһķɶ֪꣬ǰҲҪܲط˹ȥڻԻȼɻҽڿ𻯷ֻصȻ˼
бȻܻҶֱͦȻȴһȼĸ沼Ťƺð˿˿ƼѻĽУ˶ѪɫͷƽʵĻʥأڱ۵۴䡣
񱻵һ£Ƽѻ۷͵͵һʣӾҲһ£ԲѩܿͷȵǡҶ㴭һڴƽϢһͷȵѪͷٴεŮ۷ڡ
ͷ̵ĸº΢ɶƼѻ۵ļ£ǷĪĿʧظܵڴĽ٣һʵһαĳʵ¾Ѫɡεѡ
ҶƼѻ۵˶ͷ۷ת룬Ū㣬ӨҺۺвסӿƼѻ۱Ū·˫뿪գü壬㴽΢֣Ϻ쳱ģ֮

ƼѻһҶѪɫͷѼۺŷ졣δܹԿѵصůխ壬һֱζѸƼѻ۵ȫҲ֪˷ܡǺ£
ͷǰܿҶ˲Ƽѻ۵ʹͦȻǰһǿгſŮ۵Ѩ
ʹ
Ƽѻһʹͷѳǰһ˿ʺҺۺ˳Ҷסѩ˫壬һֹ࣬ͣǰ
Ƽѻۣ𣿡
Ҷ㰧ؿ³ĸеǸꡣ
Ƽѻ۵Ľ滨꣬ϧɬصͷ۵СսֱۣҶ磬Ҫ㰡
Ů뷿֮ڣҶصĴϢŮתĽص֯һ𣬴˷ߵϣת⣬㼯һѪѹٵĴڽ֡
ȻˣǣŮѪ˿ڣƼѻʹѣһ͵ͳһ洷ţҶֹȥذѩ׵ɽ壬ڣĵػ鶯
Ƽѻ۳Ϊ£ʼܲӦƬ̺ྡʼغɣһѩ׿εƬϼϪˮģˮһƬԽԽˡ
Ҷʹǳһ֮׳ǹˣԾŮеĿ񾭡Ƽѻ۵ĺ죬ҧסԼ´峺һɢң磬ѹһ㣬һЩŶõСѨ
ҶǸƼѻ۵ӣ壬Ӧ˫ֳڴ֮ϣһȻѹ£ѴֳȻݺݵضѾˮĽȪ
ø磡
Ƽѻۻһ£ͦСͷһ߿ĽгƵڴáȫÿһƤëÿһϸȵĿǵģһֻ޵򣬴ķֺѣֻҪٴһһѻٹһѾͽϿֵƶˣִңƮɾ
ҶıϢأʮָĦ󣬻ԲỬμֻõţŪɸ״
Ƽѻ۵ĺ죬ֻסҶļͷ̴ͻȻסĶϹ
ʪķҷһĺŮĿҶĶС
Ҷͷ͵һȫհ鳱ӿҪʱѿһ㡣
Ե֮£һڵص׵õ͵͵ȼ㱬Ұйѹ磬ɲһ˺ŮҪǺհɳ۳ңҪޱ޼ʵľȼա
عؼԭʼŵĸԳ嶯üȵҰ㻶ųֵʣŰʻԭҰ׷ϲԽֳŮ룬¡ηӱܲˡ
ҶһζݺݵضǽСϪʱڵƼѻۻŮС۷һһǿУһľУƼѻɬﺬϣ̼ӲȻһ𡭡
Ƽѻ۳£ͽӶرҶĸ̱߳ڴϣ˵Ҷ磬Ϲ˼ĲˣҰɣ
Ҷ㿴ƼѻƬƬµĽۻѾֺף̢֪һĻʼˡϣҶ㰮´һú۰㣡
緹Ҷܰûȥϰ࣬ոպɷǩЭ飬ĺң緹ԵҲ١ҶҶܰһȣȻ˽̸ţҶʱҶܰ˵ùýǷʳ񣬾о۰
Ҷܰô֪
ѧҽ֪һҶܰ벻ԡҶܰʧߣʳţʵôΣ
һһ㰴ĦһܻҶܰġ
Ƕ಻˼ҶҰĦùã㿴ˣСģҵĹùãҰ㿴ǲˣҽʲôò˼ġҶҶܰҶ֣ҪôĦ
ҶҶֻܰҪſɳϾˡ
˵Ҷ˳ưҶܰɳϣҶܰȥſɳϡ
ʱҶɫָҶܰ壬ҶʲôĦֻ֪Ҷܰʧߣϻ
ֻҶܰей泩ˣЩСëȻûˣҶɫɫ뵽
ҶָҶܰϣȻ·ǸоҶܰƤû
Ҷ㶯ڹ͸ҶܰıҶܰߡ
ҶھҶܰȻԼΪΪ
ҶܰߣǻȵĸоҶܰ
Ҷܰ𣿡
ҶİĦ治
ù˺ãֳƯҶ㰴ĦΣضܹഺפ
ƯѾˣŮһʮˡ
ùҶѡе㺦ߡ


570---580
   ùõƤãƤû˵Ҷ˹ùõ鷿ϡ
šù鲻Խķ
ùãҪ˵Ҫѹ֡˵ڹùд鷿굽˹ùõ
ҶܰѾеʪһӣԼгš
ţҶ㣬ʲôȡ
ڰùòĦùǰˡ
˵Ҷѵ˹ùõס
Ҷû뵽ùþȻȤ£ҶȣҶҲ֪ڲܼҪ
Ҷܰе㺦ߵĵôѹù·ˡ
ڹùڲɢҶЦƭ˵
Ҷڹùмӿ˳ٶȡ
ҶܰѾԾķ
ҶʱеùһΣû뵽ùôô߳ˡ
ùõĻϣĥùõĻġ
¸ҪùõˣþûвժĻģţùҪҪǹùôܹҶǰ˵߳鲻Խ˸߳İҺʪ˹ùõ㡣
ҶϸϸŸ߳Ĺùá
Ҷܰüɽ˫Ŀˮ͸¶߹ׯʣϵŮٵ˼䣬ڰɭֻΪɽʤں㷢ĵһ˫̺峺ǻ۵ԿܣнĶһ派صȻˮеܽأ˲ʿԵ־硣Ȼʮ꣬ڱõԹùÿʮᣬǰף˳ĵķϡ
ʱֻֻùͨ죬ͷ󺹣Կó߳ң ҶùãҶˣҶҪ㡣
ùҶĻ񼤵߳йĻҶѹԼϣû´ܣʱڷĲֹһͼԶ࿹ôԼΪìܶԳʹ֮ɫ Ҷ㿴ùʹ࣬һùãˣ
һһٶѾùû֪ҶҪʲᣬҶѾҧ޵ӣĺ촽 ˶еϢù꣬еһҲûǱˣһʱرľٶסʥӣǰȴҶ㡣
ֻݵԥùõٲԼĿƣҶͷĲһ Ҷĺ͹ùһ˵Źù̴ÿһ䡣ù˫¶ɫӣеҶͷһ𡣸ոյʹ඼ʧ٣ȡ֮ޱȵ˷ܣ˻˱ϣҵǡ˱˴˵ҺݷԷеҺ˱˴˼ĸ֮ ʱҶ㿴ùûѾ㺹죬·ʪ͸ˣϽ¹ùõİɫֻʣغͰɫ˿㡣ùʥ࣬ԲԸñԼ㶼ֲ÷죬ƫôİɫ
Ҷʱùð壬⻬㱳ϸ°ѩ֡ϸСɲһյ°ɫذű˫壬̺Ե͸żرԵ¶޴⣬ͦѩ۵鷿֣ɫ˿˸Ļ䡣֮ú϶ȣ˵ȫ֣͸˿ʲ¿΢͸ذ׹⣬ҶҲͦ ¶ļܵùѹԼҶǰİӣ˫ָϽס°ɫأѪһ㣬߲εĽ̵ĵҶ㣬㣬Ҫùá
Ҷ㿴Źùð壬ѿڵùãม
˵˫Ƶùñᣬʼ⿪ء ùҪֹҶӴԼĵطһֻеȫҪ£Ҷ㼱æסڻСʱҲ⿪֮䣬ùûĲȣǰҶţؼм䣬סǰһ԰塣
ҶùùõůܵĹùǰƮ棬ٽӴİ̱¶ǰͦ۵˫ͦţϺ鷿ȳƵУۺɫνģ΢΢ͦͷˣƽ̹СǶˡСɵĶ۶Ҷ㿴Ѫš ҶʱղܣҪùõȫɣ˫ֽŵùõ㣬ŵĹùòȫǳˣ̧졣ѩ춱ϥϣѩ׵Ķ£һƬɫ˲ݴԣ֮ʵȻĶ޲ϰݴԣһ֮Ƶѩ޳˫Բͦβɫ󡢵ԣĲɷ ùý˫ۣ޲Ҷȥоˣȫ˽صĵطҶ㿴ˣҡ
Ҷȴʹе˷ܡ ɫȫҶǰҶ˫ס˹ùõ鷿ƻŪ˫壬Ө͸ϾһԽ飬ֻô˵ָһ٣ķۺɫ仹δȴԲĹĵ¡Ҷһںסù飬ͷ˱죬ʱҧ壬ͷ١ ʱù̲ס߳һԵģʥĿλ书ǿƽޥĵĹùãŪ޷мܣׯŵź쳱Ϣ٣׵ۺɫ٣Ѫͦ˭Ҳ֪ùѾ˷Ӧ
ҶʱҲæĲɿŹùں㷢˳˳ļ㱳쵽ʵĴȼԲβ䲻ͣơĸĻ֣ʱͯ̽ԵĻѩμĹϸŮصǵشûãһ΢ëëҶ㿪ʼŹùõĻꡣ Ҷڹùõʥ˽鷿࣬Ȼоһδй˷ܿУ亦ԼоĺƮգ¶ĲתһԼ壬ĻĵӿûܾҶ񣬷һڴ ͬʱŮеĲλʹùõ𽥻ȣ޷ݵʹУɢ壬泩ĸоʣԭ˰Ŀ֡ǰŴֵֵ࣬ã


580--590
    ҶָİպһƬ޻꣬˲·µضһ룬ùһֱҶǰֵĶׯӦҵ˦ף鲻ԽӣдҶ㡭
ͬʱüͷżҲ΢΢ ҶùиǸˣŹصָЪֱӶڣֻڲխһɼ˱ضָıůʪƣѹùضļѣֻǲָǰָڣ͸е˵ѹ
ָͻ죬еĲʱùò޷ܵĽУԼие־壬деҪǷģҶҶǰ¶̬ùð
ӻл۵ûа취Ƶ¡ ùõһαɷӴţȻֻһָڣȴеޱ߳ܣһɳʵĸоȫ˴УȻԼǿԼܳһĲˣҶָȫ͹ùýܽһ𣬲ڻָһתùݷ˾⣬ʪпŵĻ꣬ɵ޳ļнַߣù̲סٷ˵ġһɲǼһԵĸо ùýгáĵҶСĵĴùõ١ָ꣬ڷܵڽʪǻùñкϣеĽʶĸӿҡ
ùõضܵҶ㲻ͣڣÿһָļҿڣùöԸеԼض޳ܵһЩ֭˳Ŵڲ༰ɹ˴ϣ͵ˮнҶĿڣһһδϣҲʶŤͦʣ˾ÿԹ Ҷ㲻֪ùǷѾܹˣŹùãùõʶеģˣֻŹؿڣԭʵۺɫս۵ʥ춳ⷭ˿¡Ļ귢ĵĹã֭ʪȸ˵֮ɫùѾ˳ʱĸ߳ǲ壬Ҳ̲סĽҶ㡭·ѵ
ùʥͰ·ѹ⣬Ҷ㼡⽡׳ʵļȫһ㡣ȻѾḻûùùԼһЩȽϺãѹʱȽܽܡ ָĴ̼ͻȻ뿪ܵеĿѾжϣһ޷ǲĸУùԸһȻǰҶͦһڵĴ׳аˡŴ糤ŭĿϡŽ⣬ùֱֺæ۾ͷȥٿ
Ҷù¶Ծɬ֮ɫԵøӽһʱоʽĿУǰĹùãͻȻһ˦ͷжԹùò뷨
ùúҶ㡭ǸŽùõġ
΢Ļ꣬Ҷľ޴󱦱Өʥʶĵ鱻ռݵʶ
Ҷ֪ùѾǽ޳ȼԼʣֻùùû괦ëĥԼ¸ǳҶͷ˱Źùõ鷿˫ֽץסùõķ۷Σ׵Ľâӽʪضڡ ùøе˫ȱֿθ˫һڵıԼѨڣҶһͦͽԼıĲùõĴŮСѨҶùõʱȻеѨխСڿƾ֮ǰֵ󻬣ԼļʵԣӲǽִı˽ȥҶֻԼıüʪסѨĸغǱëơ ҶҺ֮޴󱦱ƹ룬ùõڣȻʮ˳ͳѨֱġ
֭Һ˳̹֮ᣬ˳һдԼʧȥǱԼҶģյ˫ίˮ ҶùõطǽĺܣеҺѹรùɲԷһ㣿
ù߲ΣҶ㡭ùáþöûˡԲŻҪһ㡭òá
Ҷͷһͦһ壬ù̲סźһҶָǲֵϡŰһʹòŸĵۺɫͷֿʼΪĳѪɫҲ𽥼ᾱ䲻ʱᰮҸż᲻Сĵﵽϡɹ䣬ǽйùûʧ롣 Ҷ㿪ʼǰƶʱһǿսϮùãѨ޴ᴩڱֻڿʼʱڱʱȴ׳ıᴩ¸ǹppᡢĿζʹͦ͵ĳ嶯һΪģɢȫʹùѹѾõԭʼѾˡ ҶŬڹùûͣùòҡڡֱͦὫҶػҶһùβͣһŹùõ鷿ǶȹùÿĿԼ˽ëʪĻ꣬ԼһֻϽԼڲı
ۿҶ㱦ԼѨļҹƣùев򣬱еĺתΪеʱ˲ͣ塰̡̡ˮּ˴ӹùÿдԽԽҪˡҶ㡭
󻬵壬ŤƵ㶯Ҷ壬ڹùֻʲׯ󶼲ˣ̵ɧ̬֮ԣʰʱ鱻ҪƣԴûʧɢᡢ顢ʹһ˿ƮУ Ҷ㡭Ǵѧһ׹򡭡Ҫùá㡭һ㡭
Ҷ壬ùŤͦӦսһӣùõˮͣһһεĶ̺ϡ ù˫ֽҶľĲҶ㽻һ˫ߵĽ飬ĥҶ㽡׳أҰڶʵ̧ѩ׵˫ȿޣټסҶ㲻ţ۷ΣڼתҶҹƣ޲ǡô Ҷ㿴ùýɧ֮״ֱԼʶĸղŻֵĹùãٴջĺ촽˫ֽ§һͦ׳ıþͲù֮йԼܹ߰ùý֮͹ù֮ˣ޾ݣ֡ ùáó졭ԡùáˡม
ϵµҺ壬˹ù˽е֭ڹĺˮǲԽµҺʪ͸ɳ˵ϣڷڵƹ£⡣ȻùõĽҶ˶鷿ҵزȫһҡĳ飬ƵҡĽҪšҪйˡ
ùй֮󣬸е˫ץɳ棬ͦµĽս㺹ܡģֽеĽеҶ㡭ùûˡʵܲҪԩҡ
ҶɳϣǸѩ׷ʴķθ߸ԼĴ󱦱͵ĲһһϵĶڣһ²ֺݣùðѽšҶ˫֣ȥŪһ˫´鷿ͷ ùȻûг˵Ҷͳݲ壬ټ˫ͷĿУζǵһܵҶĴ󱦱δζĻ顢ϵⱻ׳ı͵ģһһʱͷ͹Ĵ蹵εøѣζӳԡ˷ܺʹ̼УʹùùõķҡڡǰͦʣҶҵĲ顣


591-594
    ιҶ㡭ùõһġɡɡġĲɡĹùðɡùúʹ졭ùõɧˮ֡֡ˡมйˡ
ڵĹùãѾȫ뵽֮ˡ Ҷֻùùõӹһһеҧ˱ԼĴͷһĭƵҺֱͷôһƬԼҲﵽ侫۷壬Ϊʹʹ죬ݡͷڷѨһһҵĳ壬ĥĻģеùáƨͦ㡭ҿ졭Ҫ侫ˡ졭
ùõζŤˣĴæƴǰͦѸҡڵȹƵ졣ҶֻеùõĻĿϵĸ죬ҧ˱ùͷܡ ѽ˵Сԩҡùá֡йˡ
ùáҡҲ侫ˡ
ҶֻñΧһǿҵľγ飬ҪǬƵģֱùõҺٴεһ弤ʱеһ泩һδйĿֱţͷһһ飬һᣬһŨȹٵ˹ùõСѨ ҶѹڹùõϣıЪԵͣÿһζȵҺ壬ڹùõӹɢһľҺҲһһεİѹùôϸ߳ĵ߷壬Ǳ˺飬˻ȵ̫ޱ˴֣֮ѽˡҶ㡭
˶ﵽԵ㡢Ķ㡣ùþ˾߳ᣬȫ̱õ޺죬ܵĺҶţϺδˣһ˫յĿͣҶͷŻеĹùãиеοҲŰγŻеĹùã˫ָİϷɽԽ룬󰮸 ùֻеȫһִƼѻ̥𣬱㲻йĿб鲼ȫûиоҶᱡֻǾء˳Ҷ㻳Ун߲ϣǺζղŲŵĸ߳С ˶оˣӵ౧ùƶӣ̸е־ߡԼ޳ʵ˫ȣ޳ܵĽסҶ˫ȣҶıԼѨǵģóʵ ɫëմ˵ĽᾧľҺʹŨܡʪëؽżڲϣùûæͼ˵ĽϣŷѨڵ⾹סԷֿùͨ죬ҵˡ
Ҷùõĺѹ˳ƷһһѹٴĲùõĻģùòֽгһ̾Ϣٶȳܺ˽ϵľСƨŤ£ȫġһһе˱ĴͷˮҶټһŴ೤Ĵ󱦱ֱ嵽ס ࡡ㶥ˡ
ùûǵϸĺšĺţš԰Ȥ ҶеùõˮԽԽ࣬󻬵ã㿪ʼĳ壬ȴӦˡٿͲػ١ùõҲˣ˫˫ŰҶģ̵βԽҡԽѽѽĺҲ̡̡ˮԽԽ죬Ҳ࣬ԴҲԽԽˡ Ҷӿ壬ǳһǳһǳһı仯ų壬ʱΪһǳһǳͻһһףƨʹͷĥӹһ󡣹ùñڱҶĴ󱦱ɵõһ˵ڵʸУǵôк˷ܵǾǽвĺมมѽѽĺš Ҷ㿴æֹͣ壬ùãʹֱܽ˳Ҫ˼ʲôΪܣҪΪͺߣ飬󵨵֣ܹ泩Ҳⴺҹ
Ҷ㣬Цùɧ
ù˵ѷϡ
Ҷߴ糺ķ˵ùãһ׻˵ţŮҪС񡱲Ȣ̫̫һڼҪڶǳҪ󸾣ϴҪ񵴸
һֵԣùãڴϾҪضɽҡ̻ʣൽһȥܽĸ߷塢Ķ㣬ʹ֮ݡҪù飬Ҫߡôҵĺùùã
ҵĺҶ㡭
ùñҶһ˵鿪ҲȵĽţӣ͵ҶҪǡҶһĻŭţǺ˱ӣ࣬СѨĴ󱦱ּ ùŤŷӭһһϣӹҲһһеļŴͷɧˮϵĴУࡡҶ㡭졭ĶùõġġԡԡҴûСԩҡˡйˡ
ùþûѵ֣ȫ飬ˮһйעˡ һҺѨӿ̵ҶȫһһڴסأȻæӿٶȣͳݲ塣ÿζĵϣƨһĥù˹һҶ㻹ڲͣ塢仨ıͷĥ켫ˡ ùýеιҶ㡭ùúôûС侫ءùܲùҪȥˡ󡭡󡭡㡭Ҷ㡭˹ùðɡùõСѨ챻ơˡҪ
Ҷùɧ˵Ľдͷӹҧ˱һ˵ľҪһеҰԡͳݲ壬׳ʿǹһ͹ʹ ѽҶ㡭ҪùˡࡡҶ㡭ùˡ
ù޷ѣ͵һͦĽҧסͷһɹȵŨҺֱٵҶ͵һҲһͦ˼£ͷһһᣬһ̵ľҺǿֱùõĻġҶ㣬ͦĿС Ҷ㡭ʹùˡ
һҵⲫս
й֮Ҷùõ˫֣ʱ۵ͷͷӲȥڿͻ٣ùñòͣĲȫ ùôϢĽеҶ㡭ùñúܡ㡭ͣһͣҪѽҡ
ҶʵôùãǲǺѽ
ͷҡҶˡÿܲ
Ҷ㲻һףͷȥסһͷ˱¡ҧŪţָӿСѨʹˡ
ȻùŤְڵĽеҪҶ㡭ҪҧҡҵͷˡùáˡŶҡˡҡŶ
˵ȫ͵һһһµİڶţִ߳йˡ Ҷʵùã治
Ҷ㣬Ҷ˻Цң
˵ϣ˫ҶĲӣӵеĲ࣬ܵĽǡ֮Ǭһ鲻ơ ùøղűҶһ˱ͷʱʹһǿҵĳ嶯ǣѾʪģҪ˵Ĵ󱦱Ͳһ󣬷ܷйе


595
ҶѸٵؽ˵ѹ⣬ùƽڴϡ ҶŪ˫޳ȣϸķ⣬ֻ͹ϣһƬŨϸëëֻƬʺĴߣúŨƬʺëĴƬۺɫСɫСͻ⡣Ҷһ˱ҧĴ˺ ùýеҶ㡭Ҷ㡭ұ㡭µˡ𡭡ҧѽùúѽ㡭µúܡҡҾҪˡ
ùñҶҧȫƮ񵴣ģСѨˮ񽭺Ӿһϵֱ˽еҶ㡭Ҫ˹ùõġˡйˡѽܲˡ
һ̵ˮɽ ùֵҶ㡭ŮˡѹùҪˡһйô࡭ˡ졭桭ùֹֹҶ㡭ùҪĴ󡭡󡭡
ù˵ߵ˵ȥ
Ҷ㿴ɧģⶺ˵ùãҪҶĴʲôô˵ȥأ
Ҷ㡭㻵ͻ۸ùáùòˡҪҶ㡭ġ󡭡ùáùõġСѨùáֹ
ҶţҵĺùùãҶֹֹ
˵꣬󱦱׼һһ̡ͦһҡ ùýеѽҶ㡭ʹʹˡٶ
ùʹ÷ɫſڴСҶһֲࡣ ùִеҶ㡭ʹˡٶˡ̫ˡҵʹҳԡԲˡѽԡ١
ҶСѨůֽѱȦĽģ񫣬ʹı飬İοùãŪʹ𣿡
أôҲܹùóԲԵ͵ֱͦͦҿҪʹ˹ȥġԩҡ
ҶԲùãʹû뵽Ūʹˡ
ûϵһ±嶯Ҷ㡭ı̫ˡùáһʱ޷ܰϧùá
ù˵ϱ˫ۡģҶðŹͷЩͿʼ ùֽеǡʹҶ㡭󱦱ԩҡùõСѨġĴͷá顭ˡҶ㡭졭㶯ùáҪ㡭
ùøеһûгζͿУҶǹͷϵĴĹԵһһʱܵ⣬һݵζ
ù˿ĺߵҶ㡭ùáѽˡ󱦱ĺҶ㡭󱦱СԩҡɡҲˡม֡йˡ
ùñҶûйľأܵ˳Ȼܿйˡ ҶĴͷ̵Һһ̣ޱȣӹڣĴͷȦýģһһ˱ĶţζˣɣҶ̧˫ȣڼϣһͷƨ棬ʹͻͦĸ̡ Ҷ㷡˵ͦƨͳͲ壬ֻɵȫùܾ˽Уֱ߰ĽҶıеѽҶ㡭ùáҪˡҵСѨ졭챻ŪˡԩҡҰɡҲˡ
ʱҶ洫ŲƾԼ书Ҷ֪ƼѻˣʱҶааһЦһҶһƼѻ۴ţȻתŹϣ̧ͷ˵һŮҶƴӭţƼѻһϴȫϸһȻԼĸףԼĸ׾ȻҶ£һ˷ܣƼѻ۲֪Լɰ졣
ùѾ׹֪˽ԼŮҶ֪Ƽѻ۽ˣʱöֲͬʽ壬Ҳ廨ǳһǳһǳһǳĥġĥ١һǳһͳ鵽ڡͲ嵽׵ȵʽŪŹùáùʱĽѾţƴŤŷʴβͦҶĳ͡ ѽҶ㡭ùá㡭桭ˡҪСԩҡ
ùõĴУɧ˵ģʹҶ͵ĺݳͲ壬һ±һǿһ±һءһͿݵĳ壬ˮˮһ˳ιڴ棬ʪһƬùñŪͣĴ򺮲ˮͺˮŪʪ 󱦱ԩҡùҪҪˡˡйˡ
ù͵һΣıҶһйע Ҷеͷһȡһ飬һȫӹȥˡùñŨ̵ľҺôһѽҶ㡭ùˡ
Ҷ꾫һ·ѹڹùõϣſӣҧҶļϣʹһһѽ
˾ƣɳϡ
ʱùתͷȻԼŮվǱߣɫôΣù˲֪ղźҶУŮˣֱ
Ҷ±Ƽѻߣ˽ĸŮһ𻶰ġ
ҶߵƼѻǰ֣ߵɳߣƼѻ۵һѣ뻳С
ƼѻʱһƬհף޷ӦҶ·
ý㣬Ҹղں͹ùβû뵽ˡҶƤ˵ý㣿ùáҶ˵Ƽѻۻָһǣʡ԰Ҷܰùˣ㲻ҵıýˣý㣬Ҫ㡱Ҷ˵š˱á
Ƽѻ۵ѱҶ㿪ղֿԼĸ׺ҶңѲҶĸŪƼѻ̱ɳϣ޳Ⱥ˫۶ţһΡҶ㿴Ƿۺɫˡܽյ̺Ҷ⿪Ƽѻ۵أϵƼѻ۵鷿ƯͦԲһ԰װ׵Ĵͷ鷿滹зۺɫκʺͷϿգںڵĳҵɢѩмͷͷۺͷϣһһӣ΢ţȵĺ Ҷ㾡׵ˡͷţִӽŵͷһһ顣⽿͹磬ϵ۵ĽҶȫסˣ


596
Ҷʵ̲סˣĵɳƼѻ۵ӣһ£˫ḧͦ鷿Ƽѻ۵ĺ𽥱֡Ҷ󵨵ָֿСϷһССҶ϶Ů˵٣ָһ£Ƽѻ۵͵һԼĸǰгˡҶ֧ӣȹƼѻ۵ȼ䣬һһƼѻ۵ϿȥҶƼѻ۵ҸʱҶǴֳ׼ڡ ҶȥҶ㲻룬ҪȿƼѻ۵ȫҶ֧˫ֱƼѻۣǡƼѻ۵ӲҶϣҶ㲻תȦĦšҶһץסһѩ׵飬󣬶һȥ˱һԾ޴Ľ飬ݲϵҧɰķɫͷʪͷ͹ͷƼѻ۵岻ͦţҶ嶼 زվҶҺƼѻ۲ҶõǸˣ鷿³ڳһֻ֣˳Ƽѻ۵ƣƼѻ۵ĵ׿֮Уһѱë׵壬Ѿʮֵʪ󣬲֮ˮϴŪʪںڹë
ҶʮָˣæƼѻ۵ĵ׿Ҳ ַֿĴȣַֻֿǽ۵Ļɫмһҫ۵顣ָ ֿƼѻ۷ۺĽϵĻ꣬ҶĿѾĽ紦ҲţвϵķڳζҶ㽫ָ뿪ڵĽռ⣬Ƽѻ۵ĺУҶָ ˮлĳţƼѻ۲ԾͦСƨţѾȫʧҶ㣬ȫĵͶ뵽ȵĿ֮СҶ㽫ָ뿪ڵĽռ⣬Ƽѻ۵УҶָڳˮлĳţƼѻ۲ԾͦСƨţѾȫʧҶ㣬ȫĵͶ뵽 ȵĿ֮С
ҶַֿƼѻ۵ĴȣޱȵսƼѻ۵ƼѻԴ̼ĿУȫʼнĲҴŴеҶ㣬Ҫ軹Ұ
ҶŲЩеãҶ㰮㣡
˵ţƨһҶӲͦİ˴һƼѻ۵ֱײӹƼѻ۵ʪҶܺ˳ز롣
ƼѻۼһеҪ
оԼСѨ޴ĹͷƽһЩţЩ£ֽץסҶ֣ҧ´һ˫Ŀغϡ
Ҷ㲻߶ʮһ׼Ƽѻ۵СѨ˽ȥƼѻܵͻĳβܵǴֻҧҶһĳ塣Ҷ˷ܵش壬Ƽѻ۵ĽҶҳ£Сһšѽͣѽԡ㲻ǡôùǰ¡
ùá֣淢Ҷ˷ܡҶӴ壬˵áҶˡҶܲˡ
Ƽѻ۵ĽխСҶо̫ˣխСذסƼѻ۵գůúมҶ㡭ͣޡҶ㲻ѽ찡ҶҪˡҪˡҶе죬̶عҶϡҶеƼѻ۵һеҶҪˡһҺ̵ҶĹͷҶ鲻ԽȥƼѻ۵ھҲϵظĦҶĹͷҶҶȫҶꡣ
Ҷ㿪ʼҵĳ壬Ƽѻ۳ʹɾУɵת䣬ʹʹѽʹѽˬѽһ㩤ѽѽޣŶҶľ޴زţƼѻ۵Ļݺݵĥţˮ˳ڵţҶز壬Ƽѻƴϣ˿ֵľ硣ƼѻŤĽҶĹƸˡƼѻҲ˼ͷȽؼҶ㣬Ĵ̽ȥƼѻ۾ٴһըĸоԼҪˣһΣҺ˳ҶĳţƼѻ۽˵鷿ŹζƼѻѹҶ˵ºܿľ˸߳ŶҶ㡭ðȻȡ󡭡áСѨܲˡ챻ɱˡҶɡְҶĶУҶĵ񡢸ҰԭʼԡҶ³ķֿ˫ȣһַҶһͦµļͱҶ㵬ĹСѨʱҶֻһͷʨҪʹ طйһɿƼѻˣϸܽ۵ѨҶķ񹥻£ݷҪ˺ѰʹűŰĿССѨĳʵУδشڽšúأܿı϶壬ҺҶǹ̡ܴɽΧĲݵϣѹСݶߵĵͷȥݷ𲻺˼аһĻ㡣Ҷһѱվ˫ŲҶѨҶľ޴ޣޡ˼ղѨ ͼѱҶԡȻ˼ѱأվŵҶ㣬Ϊµļ͸׳ֻãСѨΪ߳鶯ûʣռȥɡĲ룬ᱻɻģҶӽ£ȻСѨаγȥƼѻۺһڴҶܿ콫Ƽѻ۵СѨ𣬽Ƽѻǰ˵˫סҶ˫鷿СѨĴ˶ʱ䣬Ҷеͷһȣӽ£׼Ƽѻ۵СѨ˽ȥһŨŨľҺӹڡޣ
Ƽѻ۴һһ鴤ʹ§Ҷ㣬ءҶ㡣˴Լһӣ֫һɣ㲻ˡҶ֪һθ߳
Ҷͣһͱø߳ˡҶ㿴Ƽѻ۵ӿȪˮƨɣɳϡƼѻ۵ڲתӸɳϡҶ˫ϸҪ㡭Ҫ
СţûߡҶӺ汧סҶ㲻ˡҪˡӴ
ãҶ㰮㣬ҶģҶҪӵ㣡ҲҪӵйùáҶ㲻߶ʮһƼѻ۵ϸƨ̧ߣʹɳϡԭƼѻ۵ıԸˣѩ׻Բƨɵʮ㣬۵΢Ĺɹмȫ¶Ҷǰ


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Ҷڸе٣Ƽѻ۵Ӳøһ߰ŤţкԽԽߡҶ¾˴ķӦӢȻ淢Ҷ߲ͦһ뵽Ƽѻ۵ڡѽ
ƼѻһһมСѨҶϲѽҶҪԶһ𡣡
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Ҷĳӿ١õĽҶĳǰʶѽ
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Ҷϣ׿ڶҶ˵ҪĿ˫֧ӣߵؿҶ㣬˵СѾѾˡҪʣ
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ҶƼѻ۵飬ʱָɰķɫͷƼѻ۽ߵ˵Ҷ㣬ղŻû湻ѽ
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ĵĸо⫵ĿȡƼѻ۽ܵܵļסСɺĹͷ
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áðҶ㡭õĺõܵܡš塭塭Ҷ׵ܵܡมĴͷָɵõĻˡõĺõܵܡɵıˬˡ ͵ܵɡñɵֿйˡɧѨҪййˡڲͣ У ѾˬýȻҶľˣʱرĽΣ绨ҶҲԽ Խ죬δ ֱѱõѨײȪӿˮͬʱҲ̬ϵ ˫ رסҶ㣬ƨƴͦɧѨܸصĹõܵܡม׵ܵܡҪˡܸܵɵıˬˡõ ø硭ɷ򡭡Ҷ㡭ҶҪйҪйˡɧѨáйܵˡڱõɧѨٴνҶļʱҶ Խ һֻҲʱı˫ֽҶĲӣ˫ȽЮҶʣۻҶ ҶҶֳϵĸɧѨ׸硭มƲˡมˬҶ㡭ɵıˬˡıõɧѨҶܲˡ˼ˡҶ˫ֱűõȽѹǽϣɧѨ ţ֮ñòò˫ֽıҶı˷ܵĲͣţƨɸ̰ҡ ӭҶҶ㡭õĺõܵܡšҶˬมõɧѨɵĺˬõܵܡ 졭ĸɡšĸҶ㡭õĺɷĸɡѱøมñˬҶűõѨű˵ɧҶֺּ ͦƨ ɣҶδζӲ嵽ףÿֶõĻģñýƨŬͦţӭҶĲɣʱѹ˲Ƿᴫȥлѷ
มõܵܡɵҶˬมԡҶ㡭ĸҶม 硭ñõɧѨˡมõɧѨˬˡ̫ˬˡ졭ม ĸɡšáҶѨɡมܸܵɵˬˬõСѨš ɧֽˮֶ࡭มҶɵˬˡáԺҪҪܵܵġ 㡭มԺҶɱúòáҶĴ ͡šɧѨֹֹ มõܵܡõСɧѨ ɵˬˡֲ嵽õӹˡมʮˡԺҪҶɡֲӹ ôมšСɧѨûᱻɧѨֲˡม硭졭ҶڱõѨ ˮʪҶëҶ㻹Ǻϧ ĸɣʹĲ壬ñƵģ˫ȽĹסҶͣźͣİڶԡԡõСѨɡมҶ硭õ СɧѨҪййˡôûôˬõܵܡมõɷ򡭡졭㡭ɵıйˡɧѨйˡõɧѨˬˬһ̵ˮɱӹֱйҶָ֪߳ˣҶڱõϣͬʱҶõɧѨ űɧѨⲻͣĳ鴤ĿУűõӹʹ顢ʹУõˮһһ˳Ҷڲ࣬


599
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⻬ϸ۵Ĵȼ䣬̧βͷѨڻһᣬŻذͷ۵Ĵڣǹɽеʮ

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ý㰮Ҷ׳ţ˿૵۰˼Ҿʱ˼ҡ⼸˼ûйҪֻҪܹ˼һӾˣ

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ҶűñԲ鷿ŵѹȻ͵ʮ㣬ǣɫָеιʽ͸˿࣬ûٸӵͦԲΰ˽ι类üĿص૽ûʵ㣡
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ý׵ıҧס۵ӣȫǽ˵飬ĿѾʼ룬ɵĴ¸Ħ͵ĸо̼÷¹ײҶɫְס֮乵ĹһҶַԼ̼òűԹįĴġ
Ҷ㿴űýĵĽ̬סѪڣ޼ɵ˫ְס÷Բμ⣬˫ȶѩ׵֮䣬ͷųȻﾶֱסĹĹȡ
ȻоҶȻﶥס֮䣬ʽĺɫ͸˿ͷۺɫĶԸڿҶĺֱײ֮ͬ衣ŵɴĿҪ跨ֹĽ룬鲻ԽŴӣСڣѹֲסΪʱ˿̣ҶѾȻȻͦ˱õ壬ֱ
õĿˬպϣӣС΢΢ſѹżٵĴϢ¾˱ˣֽܷܷżץסҶĸ첲ͷȥȻҶļ档
Ҷ˫§סѩ׷Ĵȣѹ¹ϣʵзԶײɶûů
Ҳ޷ԼſںݺݵҧסҶļƴѹԼĶ
ҶҲľ˱ˣ§űãܼԶͳײһüѹԼĴϢˮ鲻ϵʳ


619
磬㻵ˣ۸˼ң˼ұҪˣ
üĿؽｿԹȴצƵĲסҶ㣬Ӳ÷ֿ
Ҷ§űôӴվһ߶һ߽ӭµķԲδýü۽ǴŨ͸ӯӯˮ⣬˵ı΢ţ³˿˿
˿ܵǣݲ¶ǵۻҶĺʮϸָ۽Ҷ㽡β弱ٵӭͦĸҵײҶĳܹǣڿҰϵʵĽһ۵Ĺȱһǿҵ䶯еҶ׳ľۡ
˿µıã޵ʱˮһĸ߳ʹĽ˴صĴˬ
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˳̴ڣҶԥİƬᴽϣ˵Ľ˴˶̰ŶԷеҺ
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Ѿ԰Ҷģʳ֪ζȴͥĴŮ׸ɣĻģȡĳ谮ͿУֻ˵ķʽɷҪҪԼĺͥԼܾˣû뵽ԼͥĵһνҪĸԸ׸Ҷˡ
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Ҷץסѩ׻Բμͦľ١
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øоʹȥ֮Ǵ̼ĿУʼӭҶͦͣڶ׶ظܵҶӲȻľջһ̣Χ۵ļ漴һΣ֮һ˺ѷεʹʮֳʵޱȱ͵ĿУԼӭ׶ҶļӲײֱճĤϵ͸иԣһ޷ݱоǱҶǰѨӴ̼һױȵĿС
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С㣡˼Ҫˣ
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ҶȻ־ס÷ԲΣͦȻȻɱȥ
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621
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۷壬ЦñãҪҳɣ
磡˼ҲŲҪأ
ｿȴŰҶ䶯ſĴ棬̧ͷ˿ߴԹصһۣȻͷȥſӣСں˽ȥְܷܷҴŪ׶£ŪŰҶȻŪҶĢͷͼеۣҶ̲סٵشϢòٶŪò˫ֱסҶĺΣſɺӣСڽɵȻ̳Խȥ˱ۿŰҶȻ͵˼㣬ѪţĿۣӲűñ㷢ƮĸԸΪڽҶ㲻еǿҵˬɵôشϢҶȻֶõӣСڣסףԳڶͦɶýţ䷢ʵĽߣҶֻ飬Ƭ̼ȻճĿˮ˼
ҵĺñãţ󲹰
Ҷ鲻ԽͻȻһսһҰްŭ𣬳˳׼绨Ľգɫ̵ҽķϣüĿӣŮɢһ㶼ҽ˳°ʵѩ׷ϣջ
˿ؿŰҶ㣬ѱ˳ȿֺſӣСڣ³ɾȻʪ֭Һ
ñҶƣҶޱȵſڴϣ˯ȥ
ƼѻۺҶ㴺һ֮Ϊ£ЦŴ·Ҷ˵磬ͱɡһ£Ȼؼˡ
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΢ıҲûýԲĴƨɣһýСѨ֬˱Ƕоá
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ҶҪ֮סԼͦʪȵѨ

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Ҷ֣ȹʿʼһֱӵβϹɹ¶ϸµ˿խСĶֿ˿ͷֻȹӵÿһ㣬ƺļͦǹ͸ʹһ㡣Ҷֲʱŵ˿Ĵµ߸οšͬʱҶ㷢ֵԼҲǳУȹĿе˷ܶİڶ
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ͻȻһҶʵ޳Ȳͣĳ鴤ţĳ
ҶůʪĹ嶥ײ룬飬ɽһҵض̵ҽȫൽĻ

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ҶԴҶ֮󣬻û׽ҶһΣרĿûעԼͰͲסĵܲ˵§סҶཻ֯˱ýζһƬҲֱüͷ
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ҶŪҡ鷿ѣϢѡ裬ƵƵȥӭҶĳ塣ԲķȾֿܷҶҵײǧĵ̽绨üĿ̬֣ڰţŵ˽š
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һǰδеĿ纣˰ɽƵӿҶļ䣬ͷϮȫҶˬһӣСſء
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ҶȴʶӴײͻȻ׼ҶķۺɫĽգҶûüſӣСڣҶѾ͵һҶĽĵϣ׻̵ҽҶϲСཫҶҽУһֿȥֱ䵽ǰǰĵ粣档
ҶصĴϢȻ֪ҲĹͷͨӾƳҶȻûҶ棬Ȼҵ;ҵضȻҵ䣬һĿĿļͦǹ˾Ķǵ䣬ҲѾ鷢ɧĵüĿؿǰ粣İ׻ҽͨӾ˿ƳһҶȻȻļͦǹĽӣС΢΢ſϢȹ֮һΣȻͨӾҶΰ֮ȻкˣĹŢڿѾʪ͸ˡ
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һãгӯӯͶĸͬ£ڴйֹ
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639
ھֵңͳӯӯ˰ҶѰԵ֤ݡ
Ϊ̫࣬ʱȽϳҶͽ˷ͷ飬ǣҶͺͶĸȥ飬ӯӯ顣
һСʱҶ͵ۿ˿ӯӯһ˿ز鵵
ţڶĸԱߣ§ĸҺ㣬𣿡
ĸھ۾ҶĵĵҶһ§ӻ̿֡
Ҷ㿴Ŷĸѩϸ۵Ƥİ͹ȳƣɢųȻ󡢸ޣҡҷ㷢Ʈ㡣Ҷ㾪ڶĸòɫ˫ڰ׷ˮһΪˡ毰׵ķ͸죬޺ӣСԵΡѩϸۣ͹ģػԲȹһ˫ѩ޳Բķ۱ۣٸϵģ֬㼰Ů˵ζӭ
ʱʤҶӵĸΪȥ·ӯѩ׵ֻʺغɫ㡣Ҷһ̰ˮְأʮеԵ򡣽ֺɫȻǿ㣬ĸʹ˱⣬ڴУĸǱ۾ģֻǻѣڰ칫УĻЩɡ
ĸ͹µߣˮ͸糺ĽС΢̵㴽ӯѩ׵ļ۱鷿۵СͷԲķΣȻԲ⻬͹ĳŨڵëȴޱȵȻ󡣶ĸıҶ㿴𿺷ܣ޷ܡ
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һ壬ʹõĶĸٿȻ˫ۣҪ˵ʲôû˵ڣȴֱ۾ֻȴͨ졣ķӦҶԵˣҶӰѾľǳһѱСѨؿͲ壬þúĶĸдСѨ۱ȫˬޱȡ
ȵĳ徹ǾδСѨصĴ棬ֵǻ֮ĶĸȫˣѸʴÿįСѨܵǹʵıҰĳ壬еһ˿ԥûֿڿȼաȽȽȼ̼ͽųȫϸĸܵСѨڵĳʵеƵƵʹ߷塣
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ϬĹƣʹĸ泩ú٣˫ֻסҶ㣬ķŤӭͦĳ壬ϼɬؽ̾Ҷ㡭һ޷㡭
ҡ췹ҽһˡͱ̾һԶ㡭֪ǡ뵽һ㡭Ҹֵ͡ġ
Ҷ㰲οţû̵˫˱Ƕĸķ㾱ʹеҶʤ׷ĸСš
˱Ŷĸ࣬󱦱ԲʱŶĸСѨԭʼսʤǡڶؿչҶ͵ĽĸĴǣʤߡͨ졢΢ĽҶ㡭ҡˡҶһ֪ĸ˴ģֵĳ壬߳ĵĶĸоСѨҧƵģ˵ĿȫšǷξĳ岻ͣͦšӭţҶǳһһǳҵͲţȼʹĸ¶ɧܣߡ΢ƵƵƵĽдมมҶ㡭̫ˬˡСѨܲˡҶ㡭¡
ǿ̵ĻתΪεĻУȼҵ޷֣˺߲ѣšҶ㡭١㡭
ҺϹ
ҪϹġԽϹġְ̫̫
кϹȻҲѨˡ
Ҷֹͣ鶯󱦱öĸ÷Ǻ죺ˡϹҶ㡭ҵĺϹ
ҶԴ֣屦ִıڶĸѱˮʪСѨ֮سš
มมϹˡ塭ߡˡšߡ
ĸסۣĽѩ׵ĲȥƵƵС췢˵ĽдĸտѾõСѨҶִı͵ĳѰ֮֮⣬Ժֻˮ֮ϲáҶıĸխֽСѨе泩ޱȣĥʽŤβʹڶĸСѨ
มҶ㡭Ϲұú
ĸСѨҶӲִıĥޱȣ¶ıԣ˲߳ˬ˽š
ĸ˷ܵ˫ֽ§סҶ㣬̧˫ŽסƴŤͦӭҶ㱦ĥĸҶٽ׳ľУ泩ðҶ㵱ˡ̡ɫСѨס˵ĽĥȥܹĿСĸý㺹ܡ΢աķֳĻãҶ㡭áˬϹ㡭Сมมܡܲ˰มӴҶ㡭Ķ̫̫ˡ
ĸ˵Ըջ޺СƵƵʪܵˮմʪ˴˫˫üСҶЦСҡ𡭡ʹ𡭡
ššаม̫ˬˡࡡ
ĸҶӾ硢ѪҺѭˮ͵ýϡ
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ᡭ۸ҡ֪ʵġ㡭ı̫̫ˡ
ĸʤߣϸ˵ţûж˵⫵ԻʹĶĸк١ĵҶöׯĶĸɿ˵аԴʹ߳ȫŮȤң˵ˬ
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٣Ҷװɵʣʲôˬ˵Ȼҿɲ
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ĸߺţҶȴôߣ˵ڸ
ࡡˡ
ĽϸǵĹͷͣСѨ̣̽˲ǿҵĿУĸŤΣҡҺҶ㻶áҵСѨҶúҺɫŮˡҡϲҶĴ󱦱
ĸ泩״Σֱ˴ŮַȥӭҶĳ壬нʵĶĸ˵аѱֳŮ˵Ҷİ氮ĸŷӯ鷿鷿μͦҶ촽˱Σ۵ͷ̼綹ҶٰʹöĸѣĵĿȫˮķŰȻ飬΢ԵýޱȣӴ㱧ҡСš
⫵Ľ¶޵İ⣬ĸĽȫ׸Ҷ㡣
Ҷ֪޵ĶĸѾԼʵĵ߷߳ǳ͸ĶعѶ壬ʱ粻ĸ׺ݵĳȥŮ彻ʹĸ㣬޷ȡպĻģ漴´ĸĽһʱĸҶǸأԺ÷ϵıһ𣬰Ǹΰִı
Ҷͷڶĸ⻬ԲĴ£ǴںëǵĳԵøͻͦվڴ߷ֿĸ޳۵˫Ⱥ˫ּСȸڼϣӲıôͷŶĸϸСʪ춺ŪţĸŪ÷βͣͦţƬźƺȲѰʳม㡭ٶСҪ󡭡󱦱ɡ
Ҷʱˣһͦȫ룬ʩչŮ˻ޱȵġϺƳƴǰţ󱦱СѨģ֮¼ףöĸ顢泩ޱȣ̡̡Ůײ֮ڶĸðѸ̧ǰŤţӭҶͺĳ壬ҵļ޵ˬ޵ϲá
ӴҶ㡭Сߡð˺áþûôˬ졭มô塭ҡҶνҵˡҵĶมˬ
ĸʧĽǴ̾Ƶڡ˿㷢衢㺹ȼ棬ʹ¶ɧ̬ȫ԰ĿУȫҶˡĻŭšٽ䡣ĸɧʮĿ񺰣ׯĸ˷緶ڣ˿ɧ˵緢ĸҶؽݺݵĳ壬ǴĴʹĸ߳ܣᵽˮ֮
มมˬҪˡ
ĸ˫üأ˵ĿʹɢһŨȵˮСѨй
СѨйˮȻŴִӲıʹҶƲסţס侫ĳ嶯йĶĸת壬Ҫ֫ϡĸ˳ĸ߸״ɰ㡢˶ԲĴΣϸС⹵¶ţѨʪܵˮʹžӨ⣬ĸͷһƳ˵˫״Ҷ㣺Ҷ㡭㡭
Ҷı˫ḧķΣԲΰ
ѽ
һĸüһ塢ץԭҶ˫ִķϣ°һͦӲıκһٲĸԸе⹵Ҷ˸ѩ׵ϣײسűʹĸڽͷϷ齻ŵĹҶ㲻ִˣԼҲٳⷬʹöĸһܣȳ㡣
ĸǰŤηӭţ岻ͣǰڶʹŷ˶ʴ鷿ǰζţΪ׳ۣҶǰŶĸζѵĴ鷿ָϸۡķΣǰ̣ͦŤӭϡ޵ĶĸַʽĽţ˷ܵ֫ٺ¶ѣʹ鼤ˮֱð󱦱ڷκ涥öĸѨ͸޺ӣСƵƵ겻ѵĽ̡̡ĲѨ罺Ľϡ
มˬˡѨġСɾұúӴมม
ޱȼٽţҶ㡭ܲ͵ıˡˬ졭Ҫˡ
ĸҶĳƺҲ湻ҵģһңһҡ
Ĵ£ںԼǷ񴫵⣬⻬ѩ׵ǰڣһĺ顣Ҷıĳ壬Ĵ̼һĸ߳壬顢ѨƬϸűĳ巭ĸ泩ȫΣСѨȺˮй̵Ҷ㱦һ顣ĸĿ΢ţڴ¶΢ЦҶܵĸСѨ˱űٳţҲѳֲסеҡมˬСѨҺҡҲҪйˡ
йĶĸƴ̧ͦΣӭҶĳ̣ɲǣҶȫһŴ󿪣̵ľҺעСѨĸѨܵǿ
มม̫ˬˡ
ĸĴϢŸڴϣҶϣСѨúˮĹȣҵĽϺ󣬺乵ˣӵԡ
Ҷ㡭۸ˡҪ˵ôĻ˼Һ㡭áϡǲǡġ۸ҡ
ĸԹĵ
ңΪȫķɣᵽߵȤ֪Ľᣬϣȫ⿪ԺͲйǵġҲҰɡ
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š֪ΪҺáҲˡԺôҶӦ
ĸߺʪʪһƬղŲ繵Ľޱȵˬ죬й۸С벻Ҷ㴲߳аٳʹޱȼ顢ŵ԰ζ°뱲Ļϡ
ĸ§Ҷǣ÷ԸеĽҶ㣬ĸһӵǣҲ˱Ƕĸķۼա㴽˫ƵƵڶĸ⻬࣬Ūɦѣң𡭡𡭡


641
ĸӵ˵šҪ
ҡҵ̫̫һˬġ
ĸߵ÷糺죺ߡƤ񡭡˭̫̫ҪұˡԡԺͿġ
סġһúðġมողĺС
ĸԣߺıס۲Ҷ㣬ƵŤᡭ㡭㻹ˡܲѿڶ㡭㻵
ĸǺ§Ҷ㣬ٴǡ
ĸıҶˣҶִıʢָ˴ĸʼĿÿһᵽɵĸҲ᲻Ҷ㡣ǸʹޱȵĴ󱦱˿ķ֮䣬ǿɰˡǸ󱦱ʹҹ泩ζ̲ס֣סǸı׶šҶĴ󱦱һ壬ζ˼ϵܣ˿ڰѵõĻᣬúõȥһ
һֱڻζղǳζѽɧţĴ׶űϣͦʱ˯еҶ㣬ѱĸĴ׶ѹˡҶ㿴ŶĸŪĴ󱦱
˿̶ĸڰ칫ϣһѩ׵ķżͦ飬ԲԲ̵ͦƨɣϸϸ֫ˣԸѼҶ㿴⸶ͬŮĽ̲סİѹ£ֱ§ķ۾촽ѹʪ΢΢ֿĶƬӣϣţͬʱزĥͦ飬Ȳϵ䶯
Ҷѹ۵ĽֻȥĥֻСšԽ§ԽһС죬һĥǰ۹ԲСȣñĥǹ⻬ССѨܣȻ塣ĸҲֻǸѹϵҶ㣬Լ쵽Ťţ˻§ǷۺɫĴ̺Ϲȥ
֮ҶֻץסĸĶֻ飬Ūֽͷ쵽ĸ֮䣬ȥŪĴС˱ˣ˱ĸ˱ˮֱԵĽʨĲŤţͣزţģϵؽţʱеġšߡŶι
ʱҶ㣬ѽǸӲĴ󱦱ȫʪܵУǵƬѳƽ״խý󱦱סܲͨ磬ʹҶеһֻŴһ˫խЬһʼػĳСѨҶѶεĳ壬ʹŮ˿֡ʱ弼ܺãܹѵƵģÿһ飬ؽ󱦱εڣȻһ壬ֳײѨϣֱöĸСѨˮֱһġ̡֮ĸСѨܣ˵ĴȸݣѶˮʪ飬˶ีš
ÿҶĴ󱦱ʱĸ̧ܵƨһͦһ£ʹڵı⣬ͷЮһ£ԽԽоϣҶܹغҲһȥҶ㾭һ֮ͻȻؼӿͦŴ󱦱ԽԽĳšʱҶɵøˣԽӿ˳ٶȣ󱦱СѨпٵĽˮֹ̡̡
ĸӿĴˮҶһĴ̼Ҷѱ̼ץסȣһһ±һºݺݵĲȥһĸɲˣΪİƨ˿գͦø߸ߵģް취мܣ岻£ĸֻеһԣȥãֱͲ壬˹ĸĽеࡡҶѽมι󱦱Ҷ㡭ҡˡӴιѽ󱦱춪ɡѽŶŶ
ѽǡѽҶ㡭ࡡιѽܲҶ㡭ˡҰɡมι
ңңһ᲻Ѩѽúòã
Ҷ㡭Сִ󡭡ֻ塭ˡúúŶҶѽһ塭ҵȷܲŶ
ңһģҶϲ˵ĽУҪг
Ҷ˵ţȻĸеСѨˮţܵʱҶѾžһѩԲͦƨϡ
ĸɵôţࡡҵĴ󱦱Ҷѽࡡࡡҿܲˡ󱦱ҪˡӴӴͷɶˡҶ㡭úѽࡡһ㡭Ҷ㡭ࡡҵġԩҡҡ㡭ѽѨʹ졭ࡡࡡιѽҶ㡭СҵĴ󱦱ѽࡡҶ㡭ɶˡมมมСľ࡭ࡡιѽมСѨѨĶˡŶ
Ҷ㶪˾ȣĸҶȴǰܵķڷܵذĽŶԷҶ㰮ޣѩ˵ĽСѨĸǸֳִͷִĴ󱦱Ѫǹµľǳ־õս
Ҷ˺ܾãоʱˣͶĸңӯӯѾҶҪĲȫҵҶл˳ӯӯʹýؼˡ
Ҷæοý㣬§ȵ壬ýҶ㰲οӸŪУ彥ȣ֪Ҷ˷䣬ĸģ㣬ĺǻŴ򼷵ýģƤرãۣܰزͦ˫˵Ĳݣһ˫ϸ׵СֶϺɫָͣһС۽ҲͿ󴽸һָ͡ˮĺͳͷĳһŽŨ֬Ĩµڽխȹɫ˿޳ĴżȹĿô¶խȹڴԸСڿ͸˿˾ɫԲСȳҶǰµˮҲȸŮоҶͿ
ҶеסҶıӲӲ⡣¾Ȼ˵ԸСҶֻɫҼ͸ֽİסǷӣҶȲذ˫ַϡҶƽһ鷿ܴ󣬺ͦͷҲôԲɫ
Ҷ⺬ͷͷϵޣ촽ϵζԶһ㣬Ҷ˼ӣҶĺѽ鷿ķĺܺãҺܸԡĸɫͷѩ׵鹵Ҷеһѣ鷿ۣеԣͷӲˡ


642
鷿ϵ۴͸ҵһᵽݼ鷿õĿвڴ̼١
ҶʹššţǽؼѹһʵʵѹҶ£ҶҶѹڶĸ鷿ϣѹҡĥšĸϢţţ۰׵ķ۱۽§Ҷ㡭Ҷٴʹ˱ĸͷʱĸ΢΢ˡ
ŤС˫΢򣬷βڶˣ͸¶ԼʵջǷŵ̬ҶҲ֪ѹ˫ȼ䣬ĦȺ塣忿Ҷ㣬鷿Ҷֱϣĸһߵ΢˫ۣӣҶ㣬ĺ촽Ө͸
ҶС죬ĸӵһڴϡҶеʪʪһּζһ˫ֻסҶͷסҶ㣬ͷбҶգҶһһͳϢӶĸкͿˮζһ𴫹öĸʼҶ촽סҶ죬ҶоԼ촽Ҳմ˶ĸĿˮ
ȻҶ촽ŨŨͷĸҶĿȥҶҲ鲻Խͷһ𣬽šҶţ§ŶĸĲӡ
ĸ˫Ҷ㣬滹Զſ˫ȡҶ㼱زŪ۵뽫ָ̽ڡصҶؿڣ³һһ鷿ѹҶֱۺ䶯ţҶ͡
Ҷϣķ˿ҶߡҶ㲻ͷķ˿Уѩ׵Ĵϣоðģģһûһ覴ãҶ־ơ
ĸȾһƬκ죬¶޳ȣ׺ġëŨܣط΢΢ͻ𣬺ϲ
Ҷһָеĺܽȷ죬Ħ﷢˺ĴҶԾǣȻѴȲ濪ˣҶǰ
Ҷ㵱ȻŹˣָƬм仺ĦҶ㷢ʪˣĴʼպСһŬıţԼܴҶֽһӴ˹ƣڿҲҶ㣬ڿ㱻ҶϥȲ濪ҶָѨֱֱһҲƨȥ
סҶҶϽšҶָ⣬ָסӹֱҧҶƽѩƤǰףʴ޵鷿Ҷ㿴Ѫš
Ҷؽסֻ쵽ǰ棬סӱ鷿󵨵ذ쵽ĸأһԵʮ鷿Կó鷿ۣ֬߸ͦͷϣʱŪԼ鷿
ѩ׷˫¶ţѩ׷˵úܣһ˫ȵȷˣѩ׵ҫۣ޳ֱ࣬ûһ˿⡣Ҷֿʼõ߶ƽıϻβܵĴȵĹ⻬
һҹҶ㡣ĸֻͨǴƵĿ֬㣬¡ϼͦͷޣ¶۵Ĵȣ۰׵¶Ҷǰ㲻ٿܡ
ֽţһĸоҶơҶ㰮ֵظŪѰů鷿ȻҶ޵鷿ǵŮޣûʲôȵŮϵ鷿óԡ
ҶҲѹֵĴϢ˫飬һ߰ͦšҶһ˫ͷϵ٣òͣС
Ⱦִٵؽ֯һ𣬷۰׵⡣
ҶӵϣҶָĦĽףֻĽźߵعһ޳ȫ¶ˡ
һ˿ҵ¶۵壬¡ĵĴɫë󲿷ֶ档һϸϸĺɫ죬ĴϻһԴԵë
㣬ֺ̽鷿ѩ׵ͦϣͬһ԰ɫ΢΢زţǺɫɿȥֻǺСһȦͷСŵĺ棬׺˫֮ϡ
ʴƨ·ͨ͸εĺ촽յҶĶߣؿñֱҽŷŵҶǰԼ˫ĴȸҶҶͷһȡ
Ҷץסĸ첲ʱҶеһͻ塣Ҷһְֻڣܸܵº͵Ҷ㼸ȥ
Ҷæ£˫ĴȡĽźϸֺͿźɫָͣҶһס˵㣬һַĴȣָмܻƬ̣˫ʹ۽ϸ
ĸͣีĽУҶ߿˫ȣҶһץס˫磬ڴϣȻס㴽ʮۣһ㷴ûе£ֳ˰
ҶŽţ飬غǡĸĴҲҶͷ޼ɵ׷ʱƺΪŶᶶšҶͶĸЩ촽òֿˡ
ҶḧŶĸǵ֬۵գ˫ҶƵĿ⣬ɬض˼£㲻Ҷעӣſ޵ͣۡ
ĸĽޣܻӭı飬۾̺Žǵܣ˫ʵ촽໥񱩵ͷƣҵѷѽ⡣
Ҷֱ۴Ӻ滷סҶ̽ķͣĸĺʱǰ͹𲻽žѵ״͵ԣҼУҶ֮£˾ȵٶȱ仯ţ·Ҫ¶Ҷ㲻ٴͻСǰĿأĸ鲻Խĵ嵽ĺ϶ƮҶĶ䣬ڶŮ㣬Ҷһ⻬ĺ󱳺βߣƬʪĴҶĴϡ
Ҷ˫ס˫飬ָ⡣ҶеڴӲֻ촽һҧ촽ϵ޿ں졣˫֧Ҷͷ࣬ӣҶߣﻹ˵ĽУɬĵҶĻ
Ҷ§ŶĸֻƹĸıֱŪ鷿ĸӶʱӲҲ뿪ҶĴҶƴ񾱻ȥסͦҶʾͷ
ᡭš
˵ҶĶߡͷҶȵĿǻﻬȥʱܵݵͷ˱Ѿ͵ͬһѡ


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ĸ˫ֽҶͷÿҶʼҶͷͻеһɺ󳶵غͻȻҶͷѹϣᶶżһ˵ĵĵ𣺡
Ҷָͷ
Ҷ㽫ͷȥһ캬סһ̺ͷҶĴڶĸ͵ͷਣĸܵһ̷˴ҺҲԵĸоڿʪˡ
зһתɰյۣȻҶƣ˿ڿҶ㷢徹ëҶֹͣ̽Ҷʳָָ
΢΢ſڲϡطҶûסҶͷͷ촽˱
Ҷ㽥ѳֲסһѱѩ׵СɽۺͷҶ壬ҶֲĦһƬëСѨһʪ͸ҶСĵҶʹ֮£ĸҲϵġŰ
Ҷ㿴ǻһƬҶƤؿһۣˣḧƽʵĴ϶дڹëĿڣҶָȫͣ壬˿ƵŪëҶȥ·
ҶС˵ٺҵɵڴϣϾҶһҶſϣһָ嵽Ļûܵκ谭
Ҷ§סʪ༷ҶţǰסҶıѸٸҶ˵šɡ
ӡӨĴȡ֫鷿õĻߵĴϢĸɢҶ־ߣƶĸſ˫ȺҶְܳɧѨʱšš
ƨ¶˳׶¶˵ȵĸ˫ֽĴȷ޵ѨҶ㣬СèҶǰҶŴ۾Ƭ¶ҶָƬ¶ɭֵڴʱڴϵĶĸ¶°˫ſ¶ش
ҶѶĸӵ뻳УҶ޹˼ɣ޾ҶĿڡࡢҶ֣Ҷȥꡢѹ˱ҧĸ鷿ͷ
ҶŶĸ֬۵Ĺ⻬ͷϸϸüëͿ۲ʵ۾۵۶ǡ۵֬۲ҧıӡ޵촽Ҷۻ-
ĸϢеȲš
Ҷöĸ߬סҶĴеԼϲ䡭ļˮʪ˵塭ĸţŤŰ۵ķΡšһҶ˿ȼҶļϣҶŵһŮ˵ζҶıӣСȣȻ壬յҶֳһ֡
Ҷͷһ¿ˮͷĸĿ䣬ȵϢͣɱǿĸСɣȲǺֻܿҶָСҲǺܳĺëĺһһµĶţɫۺۺģЩʪĹЩζҶָο֣ץסѿĸһͦ

ĸһΪҶץסеĻ١
㲻Ҫѽ
Ҷָһֱ
ԽԽ٣ĸС㽿ţһ紺ָֽ쵽ĸضСĵŪšҶ˫۽ҶǼǣͷһšĸϺߺţŤţ˫ֽץҶļţҶ˫ҲסȥŶĸزҶŪǶԷۺɫͷʱҶ˷ܵ˫ץ˫ûؼ궯ĸǶۿҶһۣҶ˫˳ŶĸƣŶĸ˫Ρ
ߡߡมߡĸ˫ĳƮţӷۺɫ
ĸŤһ¡Ҷָһ뿪ĸѩƽ̹С粨˰Ϊܴ̼ȫ类絽ĿпߡУָҪࡣָ첦
ĸһҡӺȲϵĲһɫҺ建й㻵
˼˵Ҷָһ¶ĸڡӴҪ
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ĸһҲСŮ˰ѽܲˡ
ĸվڴأ˫ֲŰҶͷϣҶһͷխȹף澹Ȼһɵζ淢ౡҶʳĸСѨ
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ĸ˳ҶѨĸĴԽԽˮϵشصζһž˷ζ
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˵ˣɲܸҡ
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һеխڽҶ㲢ҪĦҶֻڸоůţǿʼлճУҶ΢һµݺݵؽĸŮĤشٴСɿɰѨغסҶ׳̰ؽҶĸĸ

ĸһӱýֱһƺۡҶһʹСܵ˳ͻϰһůʪܵ硣
Ҷ˻˶ԳƵİҶСܵܽסĽͣ䶯ţƺ泤С˱Ҷһššܲˡม
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ԸеСд·彥еˡȻĸſҶ㣬ס߳еҶϽס壬Цڳһָֻ֣Žĸ
ĸҶסֳҶļϴϢţɢŷ˿Ķĸֱͦ֫Ҷɴ˫۶סĸǰǶԸʵ˫壬˵ƯΣŻᶶѡҶתƣ˩˿һءĸɫʹ޳˫ڲţʮָץҶļҶʱһ飬˫ֽץס˫顣


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ϴ󡰹̡̡Ҷ㽫ĸƨһѹϷһͦһͦȻա
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ĸʱҲٺˣǷҶСϣŴ󱦱׼ԼСѨѹȥ

һͷѱ׽СѨĸĽһ鴤šţ׶½ʹŷĴ鷿ĦҶ㽡׳ţƬ㴽Ҷ촽ѶĿУ˽ţ̰أ˱š
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ӯӯһ±סҶĲӣɫĸ߸ЬҲнӹץͷһȦȦӽ׼͸ˡҶҲҪըͷز

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ӯӯ㲲Ҷ㱧˸ͬʱ޵صĲһߡ
ҶȵıϢ絽ӯӯ۵ļϣŸӻȵĴǵѩ׽۵ա
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ҶɢŨҵϢϵĴ̼ųӯӯе壬¶įԹҡ
ӯӯܵҶ͵Ļ뽫ƿƺʧȥ˿ƣͬʱݵǣҶļѹ£ӯӯȻӿһ˿ΥĿС
УȥԼ̲סģӯӯѾǲҶӵ˶ãڸҶůǿ׳ţǿֱ۽סּϤİĸоʹӯӯʧȥ֪Ů˵Ǻ
ҶеԼһɽһʱܱĻɽ
ȵļ飬ռеϴ̼Ҷ㣬ĴѾڳӯӯ۵ϡ
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ӯӯ·һ㣬ȫʧȥ䲻ʱƮһ˿΢ŵġ̡ңǡ
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Ҷ㶯ųӯӯĶ˵۾ͷȥۡӯӯ΢ĿͻȻоҶ촽ʪĺ촽ϣҶȵ˫ӯӯоԼʱһֿ˫ʱ˿ֿ˫ƵһʱӯӯоȻڳҺҶͻȻ촽ʪ˫ִͷ˳ӯӯСڡ
˲֪೤ʱ䣬˵촽ľˣ΢ͷ뿪һ㣬ĿͶң㣬áãҶ۹ôܰ㣬òģƬе촽ͽ׼ʵݣһ۾ʹ˼.һ鲻ԽĿͨȫļ鲻ԽؽһҶ㣡
Ҷոհ»ɽ֮צϳӯӯʵأٵؽһץסĴ֣޵૵С
ӯӯ
ҶҧųӯӯĶЦӯӯµӵ˳˽ҶĻҶĬĬ§ųӯӯϸſĸʵ֮ŤĦţȹȻܵĺ÷Ե尡ŵ͸ĳŮ㡣ӯӯܵҶ촽ķǰ䶯ţ鷿ȹȻԸоȵĺ鷿ȻʼͣɫֵôߵظĦķԲΰ꣬ĴϢҲĴ찡СķģҲĴġӯӯȴļӲ֮ҵһײˬĵ۾΢΢պϣӣС΢΢ſص³һ
ӯӯǽꡢĿ֬ļ콿ͻȻܵҶǵĻᣬɫ־ȻȹĦķԲȣҵôߵ֮ĹĹȽ˳ƽ˴ϡ
ҶѾӳӯӯķ۱ƵǰŵȹʵѪŵķʵɽ塣ۡ壬ӯӯزȻǲһգзǳҵԾˡ
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˿̵ĳӯӯ糺죬ɿɢдŴ⣬ˡ
Ҷ㲻˳ӯӯſ˯£ǶԷͦ鷿ֻ׸ԾСɵġɫͷ֬ķɫӳ£͸Ե÷Ҷ˫Ůְֺ޵˫֣˳ӯӯŮ壬ػƣɽãŽһյС꼷ѹżͦ۵˫壬Ҷַֻӯл΢󡢵ʮ㣬в֡
˿Σ϶°ο㣬ǹˣҶȴȻᰮųӯӯÿÿ壬أ࣬򻺻򼱣ۿ˶ǽĿ롭
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Ҷ˫ҿһֻڳӯӯڲ°ָмѣᡢһֻ֣ȴŮزʪ𤡢塣һȦȦȦҶӯӯֻ糱ֱţһɿѹϢܵĸоҲ
˶ռУл鲻Խͦ֫ڶŤߣҶķӦ޳ָŰݵѷظŪѰеͻ𣬰ѹᡢѲ̽ءһΡΡΡҶǳмɣǳģֱĽۺʵÿֻȥһ㣬תѹ˳ظֹ
ҪҪ
ӯӯȵĽҶ㲻ָͣͦӭϣȷţβ
ѩ弡ϸܵҫۺ飬ԷӯӨߣŤڣԲ޳Ĺȣвǻͼ尾ҶĿųӯӯķӦԲ긧ĦǰѩӨ塭
Ҷ߳԰£ӯӯ̴΢֣
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͵ץסӯӯʵغݺָ꣬ǻڣһ鱥ĳʵУ˲ʱĵĿ顣
Ҷ㣬ҡܲˡŶ
Ҷ㼼Ūò֮£ӯӯвشһߣƸԹ
һʪǹҶͦ壬˫ӯӯԲΣӲȻʪܵĹĹ滺ĥදż̽ͷȴ
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ӯӯڽˣڵõˣҽ˰
Ҷ㿴Σ֪ӯӯ˽ϵ׼˫ְ䣬ûκγɵȴͦᴩס
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ӯӯůýʪû尡
̫ˣɰĸоǲԼߵ˼ĺ룬ҶоԼȻͽʫĸѨһ׵ĸоͬǳӯӯ·Ǵˮ͵乲УȻﲻоʲôİΧסȽխ壬ڻ΢΢䶯ųžţһ˱Ģͷ֣ҳӯӯĹĹȴˮ鲻ϣۺһʪŢʪ˴
ȶխʪ廬ȻոձҶָ룬ָȻᲢۣӯӯ۵ü㺹졣
ҶҪһְΧ䣬䶯ͣĦҶȻ̧һͻľ޴ս˲㵱еĽѰѨߵȻǾʮ䣬ޣ͵֣ۣж죬͵䡱ȷ鴫Ҷ̫񹦣зҲҪ״ܿɾȻˡ
Ҷ㣡Ҫ㰡
ӯӯֻԼȻȡִ󡢼ӲΰƺԾ˷ʩʹԾԾԣԶԼסҲ޼£޷Ƶط߾ѩ޳ȽסҶΡ
Ҷ̽·ĢͷѰٵʪȵĻģѨڵĽ¶סĥתĦʹûҲ˲Ģͷػ˱šҶŮ֪ӯӯѾĲ鵴ҪҶҿׯĵɴӵΪӯӯĳͣٵĳ̣ǿĦﵽ߳۷ó
Ҷͷס˳ӯӯӭŤΡΡζһֻ˶壬һ˱ҧһߴǿ̢ųӯӯе͵仨ġ
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ӯӯõĹ¶įõ񣬴ʱ˿ڵŮ˵УܹķңڣۿͦлӭҶ㼸·ͬʱ£տԹĵõ˾޴Ĵ̼ͿУɿƵزžĸ߷塣

ӯӯҵҡͷ㷢Ʈݣ˿ɢҵ˻ܲסҶĿͼ̣˽ûиĵһλʱȫٿȻƵľҲ۷رҶ㣬ﵽ˵һθ߳
尮Һ磬Ҷ㲻˿ϢĻᣬٴμټÿһζײ⣬𻨾һǿһĲĦŷüֵİ𻨡
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ӯӯͻȻһ󼱾羷Σһ˫Ҷ䣬߸Ȳͣݣͣ䶯һɹҺܶһε˸ĸ߳
³ӯӯʹ̬ħǰδеĳǿд̼£Ҷ˫Ŀ΢΢࣬Ѫ˿һƣڴ֮ϣ˱۳Žѩθ߸廬˶ΣԥشӺٴؽ롣
Ŷýӯӯ㡭ãҶϲϲ㡭
Ҷ֪ʱӯӯµߣԴ̼ʱ顣
Ҷ㣬ӯӯӯӯҲҲϲ㡭ᣬ󡭡̫ˡ
ӯӯֻ׷ǿ߳еͷױ¶ĵܡѩ˶ûκ覴ã⻬֬ƽе㱳һյճһ˵ͻߣԳӯӯľˣ塣
Ҷ㲻ϵطײ£η鵴ĿѣԵⲨˣһƬ׻ҫ۹âںڵĳҡҷƮݣˮϴһ㺹죬Ө͸Ů֮еļƷ
ӯӯӯӯҵӯӯŰ
ӯӯ̬Ҷοĵޱ飬ͣر任õλ
˼˼ʱȻҲ쳣Ҷȴһϧ˼ܾˣΪ̫ۣ̫̫ˣͳӯӯһҶȴûЩ˼þ͸˵ʺңֶ֭͵䡱ܳ޶ȵŰ۳ҡ
Ҷ͹£ӯӯлٿл
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ӯӯԽһһ߳۷壬߽Ъ˹΢ţ㺹ŰҺڿУӶ
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ҵ̳սһֱһʱҶڳӯӯٴйʱ͵籡ĴˮҶͷһҶҲѳֲסɽ̵ҽڳӯӯĻһ˸о˶ƺƮƮķ§ƮƮɣͬڰá
ϢһҶֿʼӯӯ壬ҶϸĴǰ޶˵ĳӯӯžϸļΣԽԽһֳĸսȡ׾Ө⻬Բ޳˫԰ϸļڼȼ۵ȼϣγȳƵߣı۲ǳˣ֮һĴֱɹ߸Ůһ˫ֻֿգ޹ˣʤգ˼
ǰ۵鷿Բмһɼ˫Ȼ˷ȴΪͦЩ̣ʮֵеԡͷγɬķۺɫ鷿ɫ֮Уδ˵ѾʼįİȻϣСƽ̹ʵǺ׵ëÿëϸƣڲļϸۡ
ϸСƬɫʷۺ죬ɰ뿪״΢¡⣬м˵ϸ죬ͬ㻤ضҶ㿴ǰƬСɫ˸ţɢŮ㡣
ӯӯһ˿ң֬ͦǷ嶥ϵԲԲС֮£ɽ֮䣬һƬ˻سĴԴԷݣ֮ȫɫسֵǰ壬ŤƵ㶯š
ʱҶѪҺڣˮӿ壬һ񾥱㡸ͻһƵֱҶ㼱ųӯӯ使ͣϣҵǡʡ֫ġͷֿ˳ӯӯ  أСڲŨҽĽǼʹӯӯ죬⺢ǷΪʥ֣ӿҺʹ̶˵ʡ
۰۾ϣҶһ¼ٵǣһ߽ȵѹڳӯӯ ϣܵ촽еĲλӯӯ סҴϢƵŤ崫һ飬ӯӯ 롣
ƶʱѩ׷˫Եʵ͵ͷӲ޷ĳҶע⣬Ҷһǰ𶯵ͷȻָδ΢ӴǱҺʪӣɫΣָͷΪĻԲȦ¡ΧͿĨҺ


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ָŪһᣬͳɰΣĵͻҲøͦвͻͷֳԲͣҶ㺬סǼӲʵ٣ڿⲻͣҶ̰ŲķۺɫͷͷŲͣŪס˱
Ҷ㿪ʼͷѨ˫ѩ۵Ĵȣһһõɦţ˱֫ܶĳӯӯ ڲ֬㼡вλżɵǣøִָ߳ŵİӯӯ Ħβ˳ŻϾ󣬴ȸڲ࣬ӽɽ𴦣ָܵ΢ɦʹӯӯ Ծϰ
ӯӯ³סĺҶ㿹ƵҡϢôôСпˡѩ׵Ĵȼ䣬ʪ⫵ˮ
ѨڵѷڲۺڵŴ߶ҶʹĶӾңָĺ蹵ǰỬĻ꣬ۺɫճĤһ컨ţмɰųֲ֣ڵͷ㣬ڲ¶ɫĤ
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һ޵سӯӯȻѾҶΣ뵽Ҷ㿴ߵðͷһߣ۵շһƬ죬ǽޡ
Ҷ㰴Ų̧ĳӯӯŸӼҵ༼ͷʸȫɵ⣬ھʵߡ죬Ȼָҷֿ֭ʹ˱ųӯӯ  ٣ܳӯӯ  ĵۣϪΪð֭ҺɷĹʥãۺɫ۴ҲȫɺɫСƬͣز
ӯӯȡܵϪȫͷƣССܿ¡ָоԼоҶͷѷתģǿʹӯӯ  ʱӳӯӯ  Ĵȸ౵Ӧһ㣬Ҳ϶Ѿ۵ֻɻ걻ҶִֵָͷŪĥš
ӯӯ̱֫ҶģŪһ˫ָǲͣ٣£ӯӯ ȴԾĸҶĶڶҲԼ巢̡̡ˮ˽к߰ҵӦҶŪ
Ҷ㽫ӹӯӯĿգۺģֵ֪ʱͦ𱦱ͷĦźɫĳëһӯӯ βʹ ʪ˽Ϊſһű̽ųӯӯʪĶڣùͷĥųӯӯ ӯӯֵãһοģ鷿泩֮Уġᶶߺߡ
Ҷʮ׵ҵӯӯѾſʪѨǰ΢µŹأ˷ܵҶȻһͦ룬ִı˳ӯӯ  ڣͻߣֱģ˳
ӯӯ޷Ľ崫ĿУһȡҶοӯӯҸĿаɡ
ǣһᣬӯӯ ɳеȤ̲סؽг
Ҷۼԭ߸ϡѽĳӯӯ ԭе߳𣬿ҵؽг˷ѵǷ۳ңŰϿиǲͣᱡ⻳пµĳ򣬳ӯӯȫűͻĿУʶûˣӿҺϴ壬̡̡졣
ӯӯͣĻ󵨵İڶҶıԼ嶯ŵܵĴ̼ʱֻ崫ҳУǹĸоǰתһȵĸоӹ
ӯӯѩ׵ĺŲ֪ͣԼϼӴҽҶ㡭ӯӯӯӯÿ֡ӯӯֻ㡭һˡ
ҶŮӲ٣֮ͬˣ׼ɧΣ𣬴籩꣬ʹ塣
Ҷӳӯӯɧ֮״ջĺ촽ֻֽ§ͦ׳ıþĲ֮й֮֮ܽˣ޾ݣ֡ʱѵֵ߳еǺˮҺӯӯĴɡ ǳۺɫ⺬һͣĴ󱦱ҶһӣӯӯĺڷĻ衣ҶͻȻеΧڱڵһǿתӯӯһǯƵļסԼıҲֲ֧סһᣬһ̵ĺڳӯӯڡ
ͬʱֻӯӯͣϷһϼǿĵͨһ˿ҵ壬ӱһֱͷϷ޵ҺɫԲķβɵͦڻӦҶĶϸѩ׵˫ֻļͷָҶ㱳ϼ⡭
ӯӯ࣬סҶִͷҶͷӯӯڣӯӯҶͷһƵǣҶ޷˶ǣӯӯ  ѨӯӯͻȻΣȫٵĳѣѽи߳Ҫйˡ
ްҶ㡭ӯӯˡ
һǰδеĿһӣдͬ޵㣬ӯӯ  ˫һγ鴤ƵĽסҶΣžͷҡף˫ڿߣݷϣıøͣҪһβʣƵġ
侫ҶֻĿݷңԶǰԸ˷ɵڳӯӯϡӯӯͬϰ㣬ֻ̫Ѩ񶯣۾ð𻨣ҲоԼ۴Ϊ׷һһϣʱʶѾʣʴ̱ɳϣʶĽֻ޳޳ܵؽҶ
ٴεﻶ֮ҶղųӯӯɧģݱĶ֮ǵ泩使޼֮ۻңؽ֣ʹĻǹζ˵
ӯӯƮ̫飬뵽֮ϲɰ˶ڱΣʹ죬ԼôǴɧͣ޹ǡƺħ֣ʣִıɵʹ죬أ񵴶ѣǵã֫нĵСҡҺˡ
ӯӯ˵Ļʵ̫̲סݺݵĸ㡣
ţ˵ú˭֪Ǻ˾һ
ӯӯȻǸղǹ˾޲һڽҳˡ
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Ҷ֪使飬ζڣ·ȥˮǣϸ۵ͷӵ´ţӯӯ𣬲㽫ݻǹɧ֮״ʹ
ţĺݾϴ׳ĶҲһɢʹãֵɾҶ㣬ҰҵĸΣ᲻Ҫңһ˼伫֡
ӯӯָ棬עһŴСʶȵ죬չ¶һ˿΢ЦͶǣһЩˮ׳ıۣ§ţţ׳ıӲͦţѨ׳ʵѹסеģͻؼžƵһһԵô׳
ӯӯ鲻ԾģףһǣһϢջʹ֮һҡƮһ˵ĹʣƺһĶƮƮƮƮҶΪˣĿ⣬۽õƵģӾٶѰͳ͸ɣھѨþģͷĸɡ
£ӯӯѱɵֱðѨ󶶲ڲס˺ߵҶ㡭ˡҶ㡭ҧѽѽҶ㡭ٶˡѽѽٸˡ
ûѽҶ㡭Ҫӯӯӯӯš
ӯӯʱѱɻͷµĴ壬ʹĶΣȫҲѹ֣Ҷı׳˺ݸɣԲء
ӯӯĵ˺ţҶҰƽԭϾƸţ§ųӯӯ  ĽҲһºݸȥͳ飬ͷĻϣˮš̡̡ķ죬һƨɴȶʪһƬ
ֱɵóӯӯȥסĺţֱѽ߲֮Ҷ塣ӯӯʱŵôĻᣬЦ亹ˮְ׳Ҷ㣬ôӯӯӯӯ㵷ɢˡ
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ߵóӯӯ  ͨ죬־˵ˣֵֻЦһЦ˵ԩң滵
Ҷģ޾һ̼塣γ̣СѨѾԳܴ׳ıתβңӭֱ壬ԹԡҶ㡢󱦱˺ߣС
Ҷüӯӯתÿ졣ҶоѨڣ𣬹ͷһȣ֪йˣԼеۣȿڣźϺŹͷһ飬˶泩йˣŴȴᣬ˭ҲԸٶˡȥˣָֻţֻٺ
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ӯӯ뵽Լ㱧ţߺһ£ֵЦˣ뵽ղźⲩӲĴ󱦱海δأֲգֱָܵٵؼָ
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˵ƣζ
Ҷ˼УܰеȤΪ֮ţĿ⣬ݣ¡飬ӯӯ  屻ţͦأŤϸʵڶʱǰĥרѨĦӭϡ
ҶҲͦ壬ĥӭϣֵֻóӯӯϲϲ˽УǡԩҡԹԡ󱦱Ҷ㡭
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˽һһţøʹ룬ѽѽģٳ̬ǧǴͷɧˮԽԽ࣬ȣƨɵ϶ǣ们ͳӿ٣泩֣ʹ̧֣ͦתɣ³岻ͣ
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Ҷ㱻һ̸еǰŷԲ˵·ԼػҴӰ̵ϴŮ㣬ʢѪյҶܵס޵İǸĴ̼µĴѸٵӲſӽԼ̵С
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ҶܵԼĵջ󣬴ʱɥʧǣҲ˲õֻǰĶ˵İ̺úõһҶ㱻ʹʼ󵨵ĸŶǶشŰǷ˶ķ飬ڰ̿µҲƲ鷿һ㣬ͣƸǿĦŰǳѨëɧѨ
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Ҷ°Ѿʪ͸խСķۺɫǿãٵ㣬̵ǰŨܵѨëСһֱ죬һѷʪ󲻿Ƭ΢΢ſ
ʱغҶԼƿҶ࣬һԼĽ޵İȣȴԼеװ̸ƿҶ㲻ɵʮ죬Ϊڴ˼ܵ°ҪԼƿǰ̲ԸԼܵĽӴȥ𣿻ԼǶŭˣ


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˿Ҷ㱻̳գԳ֣ͻƿƽմӱҶȴ޷Ⱒ̾Ǻ⣿
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һ֮ᣬ̧ߺŵڴǰһԼ°͸ȹۺĶǶ¶δǿöֳŮˮζ۷ɧѨ ŸǴ󵨵ĽԼĴſʹԼҲŵ硣
ҶһĵƣĴӲʹΪƼԼǼ⫵ԸѨƼĽǸѨϵĺѨëѽѪţ˷֣ƼŮȫصķɧѨܽʹأ
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һҶ˵ػתߺȴײҶ̰аĿԼɧѨָſɴŴ
һε߽һֽѻתԴ
Ҷ˽߶˵ɧ֮ĸǴ𣬰ָǴ´ԼĴม̡
Ҷһοһ߻۰Ͱ͵ĽŰ۵ɧѨ 
ʱȴ˽áС㡭ǰǰư̵̡ġ
˵˴ȴߺͷҲ˵ΪĴ
ҶһΪ˷ܣæǰűԼװĿ´ʮǰԼĽɧѨ 
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ҶһװɧѨ֮ڴǰϵָӿ˴ٶȣǷɧѨ˵ʺǸѨϷѨëǾ̵Ѩȴᣬ˶֮֮飬µΪ֮, Ҷ鼤ѣ߶㡣
Ҷ͹ǰԼ۵ѨһܲҶ˽֮¶Լ̰Ӽ飬ʱ崫һȵɧУʪѨֲӿڴһ˿˿֭ͬʱѨڵһеɧǽѨŪøʪ
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ҶԴϲ΢΢ָٴδԼ˵ķѨϣָڰеɧѨţǽߵı˫ۣǴʱҶİΪ֮ܲ΢΢˫ۣ˿żҪΪԼеڶ˵꣬һɹɼɵĿвͣسصȫ۽ɧѨʪ˴ƬѨڴǲͣŸ֭ŶҶ㡭
̲סɧж
ҶʱļԼװ̣ǸŪŰ̵ɧѨԼϵĴٶǼӿ,֭ζѳ䣬οҶ㻹ˮζԴ֮ŲװɢŨŨζҶǰţɵĿ:̡Ƕ𡭡ŵúˬѽ
СҪ˵Ŷ̺Ϊѽ
ؽ΢΢ҡͷ˾Ҷ԰̸֮顣
Ҷ͵Ľͷ밢̵֮䣬صѨɧζ,Ȼ󲦿ŨܵѨëѹʪܵϣʼ̰˱ţҰ밢̵зѡ
Ҷ㡭Ҷ㡭һ㡭ԡԡ̺ˬ
ҶֿŬŰ̵ѨͷһһţؿʼҰĵɧѨҶǰץסҶͷĴƨŬ϶, ҶͷɧѨҵţָ밢ʪ˵Ѩţ̼ĲŤԼ壬˽вͣҶ㡭ҡǶܲˡ
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ص岻ϵؾΣĴȲϵطĴƨɲϵײҶ㣬ˮڴϣҶȻϵɧѨҲһָֻȥڣصҺϵȸȻϣѴŪʪһƬ
ŶҵĹҶ㡭Ҷ㡭İ̺ˬܲˡѽҶ㡭̵ǶѽŶŶҪˡҶ㡭ѰŪˡŶðˡŶŶİ̺ˬܲˡ졭̰ɡѰɰɡѽŶˡйˡ
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ŪԽԽ죬Ҷ͵Ĵͱô̽³ģһľް
̣ƨתҶҲ򡭡
Ҷطһ죬ҶĻתƨɣͷ˫ȾŴʹë׵ɧѨ¶šҶͷڰ̵ѨϣͷȿʼѨë˱ ҧʹʹĿգ촽ŷţȲ΢΢ŤһŪŴһߴӿڱзʹŶҶ㡭ë
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Ű޺ӣС캬Źͷ˱ֽɧӣҶ㰮÷񣬸ĴһĶţһͷϵһɣһɾҺȫصÿһζ¶ȥˡ


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Сšá㡭ɶ񡭡졭һ㡭ѡ塭̡ġСɧѨ̡ССɧѨ
رԹҶĥҶ㣬ʱڶҡΣ¶СɧѨļʡ
ҶĴ鶯£һ߳ܵҶĴҶáܡˡ졭㡭ɧѨҪĥˡСɧѨҪҪˡ
̸߿ҶƮƮƵأҶڷţɦ˷ܲѣҶ㲻ͣĻųĺӣңĴ̼һδε𵴵صģʱѿƲǣҶŰѰ̵ȼڼϣµһͷԭѱʵĶëɧѨǸͦͻ
Ҷ˷죬޶ζỊ̇Ҳ̲סˡҶԼĴմЩɧѨˮŷ̵Сƨһ̡ͦһͰѴ˰̵ɧѨ
طףΣʹİáࡡ㡭̵ġСɧѨʹ̫ˡȡȰ̡ġˮ󻬡ˡ١ٲ塭
Ҷеܼˣůֽĸоʹóһ,ر˷ܵóܹѹŰ̵СëĥСˣĥһɧѨˮҶëʪˣеڰǽСůʪɧѨ˵ŰʹӣȻɧѨе泩ޱȣҶ㻹Ĳ̵˵á̡ʹ𣿡
ؽ˵áС̫ˡǵðܲˡ
Ҷá̡ܲˡҳ𣿡
Ҫ顭Ҷ㡭Ҫôһᡭȡ̵ˮһʱ١ٲ١Ҷ㡭Ҷ㡭ǰ̵촽١̵ͷ졭졭
˵˫߰ıҶƨŤ
Ҷһͷһӣ࣬ڰɧѨĴŤøоˮԽԽ࣬ٽسһ£ֲȥĴ磬ʹؽһáҶ㡭еʹ㡭
Ҷá̡Ҹоġˮһ㡭ҲŲȥġ
С̫ˡ
̡˵ҵʲô̫ˣ
Ҷ㡭ˡ
̣˵
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ֻоͷӹģһδй泩ͿУɧѨȫʹ顢ǡᡢǰζӳ,ζʵڱīСҶѰδйɷģûҶĴûҶĳá
ʱظеҶĴһպһɧѨȼӲͷǣɧѨǣ˫˫ŽЮҶ㣬ƨһͦһͦӭͣ۰뿪գеáҶ㡭Ҷ㡭Ҫ춯졭ҡ
ҶĥķʽŤԼƨɣôڰ̵ɧѨתš
رҶĶţ߽Ƶ˽šáม̡ġҶ㡭㡭áһ㡭ûϵˡǡมมĥĥǡáมมءһ㡭
ѽҵġ̡ġҶ㡭ࡡ̡áม졭졭١һ㡭ˬˡ
Ű̵ָʾҶŤƨɣµس鶯Ŵʱ㣬ʱѹҲĴƨͦҡɧѨҶĴܵؽӺϣСҲ˵ؽеá塭ɡС̡áٰɡûѨมҺˡ̲סҪҪййˡ
ҶĴ밢ÿĥһΣصĽͻ鴤һ£ÿ鴤һ£ɧѨҲһΣֱСѨһɹ̵ֱŴͷҶŰƨɺһѹͲٵס
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ʱֻ̧֪ܵߴƨɣɧѨͦͦ˿ݵ˽еáѽҶ㡭̡ҪҪ㡭ˡมҪˡ̡١ááӴ㡭桭ǡ̡İġҶ㡭̡ˬˬˡ


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Ҷۼ̴ʱ࣬ǹ굴ǣʹҡ,ټϴСɧѨסůò죬Ǵ䣬ͳݲ壬顣ÿγ鵽ͷֲ嵽ףʱŤƨɣʹͷӹתĦֻٵСáҶ㡭ɧѨĴ󡭡Ҷ㡭̡ˡĴͷ̵ĻˡٰɡҺˡ
߽ѣҶԽԽͣˮ̡̡ţδ⡣رٵáѽҶ㡭ҵСװ̿ٵˡԡ̡ʹˡ
Ҷٶ£ֻоͷһȣһҺϮͷؽáĸΡҶ㡭̲ˡйˡ
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Сô̸ղŲ㱻ˡ
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ѽҶ㡭ĸΡҶ㡭̡̡ʹˡ㡭㡭Ҫҵˡ̡ˡ
Ҷ̵˽ۼһֲġеı飬ԼҲĻŭţ㡢پαǣøˡÿһڣʱȫףٽתβΣʹͷĦӹڣɧѨҲһһ˱Ŵͷ
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ҶһͲ壬һ߿С
С̡̡ҲҪˡҲٵáϡ졭ˡҶ㡭㡭ˡҺʹ졭Ҫййˡ
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̣ÿҿ塭
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̱ϾɷӰߺ˵ȥ
̡ˡ˵ˡûʱһ֡Īഺ޹ؽҪ֮¡ҶٺúТ˳һΰɡ
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Ҷ㡭Ҷ㡭⡭ĸΡ̵ɧѨ١ٵúááʹ졭Ҫ顭ˡҵġĸΡɧѨġĹ⡭
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˵ɺ죬ߵؽͷҶҸ¡
ҶŰǽߵģﰮһ¶ȥǰ̵ķӣҲҵĻӦţҶУ˱£Ҷ˫ֻסŰ̵Ĵ鷿
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Ҷ˵֣סԼӲ̵Ĵ
ҶĴְĵ: Сһ侫Ρ˴ҹٲٻġҪٵĻʱ١ĸζȥϴ衭˯һ𡭡
á̡ġһúñ塭ʱ̵СɧѨˬᡭ
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ҵװֹ̡Щءһö֡õ»´һһʩչð̵СɧѨܡ
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һٵͷһɺ죬æ赽ԡʢһˮȥ塣
Ҷ㱧̷ԡãԼıëȥϴٷվϴβҶ̰ؿŰ̵ıβѩ׼ıϸϸ£ѩ׷ʴƨɣջ˼ˣҶƨϣְֻۣ壬ʹ֣رҶβֵġ


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Ҫˡϴ˯һ㾫񡭡𡭡
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һͱҶٵôййˣҶȴ츳侫ĵزԶء
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ҶҲѳֲסĳ̣ɽһش󿪣һйע׵ľҺֱصӹУҲ
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šҶ㡭Ҫĥˡมˡ졭šҪ塭ҰɡѨ
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มˡšС졭š콫̵Ѩɡ̾Ϳˡ̵ٰɧѨɡ
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СšĴӲมӲİ̡ม
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вͣӿصȫʱȫͶ뵽˵Խ֮УܲǷᱻ˷ˣʵϣԼƺΪ±˷ֶӵ˷ܣɧѨҲ쳣Ľ
มҶ尢̵ɧѨ̵Ҷ㡭ɷ򡭡̰ˡðม̴ûôˬ
ҶĴؽɧѨˬѣǿʼͳݲỤ̋ÿγ鵽ͷ嵽ףʱŤƨʹͷڰ̵ӹתĥ
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СҲٵˡˬˡҶ㡭ˡม̺ʹ졭졭Ҫкˡ찡Ҷ㡭ม̲ˡкˡ
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Ҷ㡭มҵСɷ硭Ĵġ̵Ѩมֶ˰̵Ļˡ̺ÿมˡ
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ˬมҺมҶ㡭มϢɡڻ㡭
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˵꣬ҶڴϣҶ棬˫Ťˮ߰ϸͬʱͣҡѩ׵ĴƨɣóˮɧѨͣŪҶ
̡มѨýมมеҺม
ҪˡСԩҡҪ˰̵ˡҶ㡭มĴֳִٵðˡĺˬ
ҵҡѩ׵ĴƨɣɧѨͣҶǸȴֳҵĶʹǳں㷢ϵ˦ǰ鷿˵ĲͣĻζš
Сม̵Ҷ㡭̰ˡҵĹҶ㡭มĴҪ˰̵ˡҪҶ㡭ˡ
ԽԽоһһһͦƨŪһֽ嵽ĥתŻģȻټٵͦΣҶĴɧѨĸŪš
ม̡Ҷ㱻׵ĺม㲻ҵĺð̡มҵĺšมС
ʱرǿҵøϮȫ۵ͷҶĴɧѨڿİڶҡǷΣɧѨӽҧҶҶҲŰ̵Ķ·һϡһϵȵĴŰǶ֭Ѩ
Ҷ㡭㶥̵ĻˡҪҶġˡˡҶ㡭졭ԡˬ
ǿҵ̲ס˫ֳڴ棬ͣͦŴƨɣʱҶҲӴڴ˫׽صͦڰɧѨٵĳš
СĴô֡óมม̵ĻĿ챻㶥ˡˡҶ㡭มûѨมҡһ㡭Һˡ졭ม̺áˬ
һζصȫŤĥֶģۿؿﵽ߳ҶŰ̵壬ԽԽ죬ԽԽ𾢣ҲıסҶһԷĴ鷿Ҷǰĥš


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ҶĽصɧѨ˳Ҷ㽫ͬʱɧѨˮƵ˳ˮҶصɧѨһ͸Һ˿ߡ
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һʱ֮䷿ˡžžһײΪҶ㲻ͣİ尢ɧѨɧҲͣҶǿײҡβ
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Ҷ㡭𡭡š̵СɧѨมҪˬ׸硭㶥ð̺ˬҶ㡭̵ɷ򡭡̵ɧѨˡҪкˡˡ
صɧѨҧҶĴɧѨͣĽţӹȵֱҶĹͷϣҶҲеȫȵĳޱȣϴpУŰ̵壬ӿ˳͵ٶȡ̡졭ɧѨСҡҲ졭ˡ
һİҶҪ侫ˣþӿŤ۵ĴƨɣɧѨǲͣ˱ҶĴѾﵽ侫ǰͷҶ㣬ˬùͷpޱȣĳʮ£ڴһ泩Ŀ񶶣һŨ̵ľҺ̵ֱӹڳȥ
̡䡭ˡม
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ĵؿС㣬ǧɱģ͸ٸɵȱ£ǲҲû취ҴûвķﹴͷŹĸŮɡСС޹ġ
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֪ҶҪԼһҵ̫ˣֻܵˣἱˡ


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زҪްһ۵ģԸ㣬ǲ֪ܲܰˡ
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ŶŶ㡭ҪͣŶҡҪˡԡٲһ㡭ҡҡ졭Һ˰ˬˡҪˡҪˡҡҡ
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ðŶҶ㡭ɵúĸˬŶֲ嵽ˡŶ졭졭Ҷ㡭ҿˡҶ㡭Ŷû塭ҪˡġޡޡˡˡĸˡŶŶ
Ѩ󡱡󡱵ðҶҲʹ쵽˼㣬ͷͣȫһһŨֱСѨ˴ϢţҶǿ׳ػСеȫʣ־ȫ綶ף㣬ϢҶ㶼͸һƬ⣬ֶ̡͸룬һ˿˿α֮ҵİı۽ӵ ϣλɰһֻһţͬƽСע䰮塣ͷ΢̧Ŀţգ쳱ߵģͬϼ䣬΢ġšߡŽĺԩҡҡ
Ƭޣʺ죬һ㣬۵㴽


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ҶȲ࣬飬˫ֲͣĽ۵ļеȵ鸾ʮ㣬ɧ͸˻ζʹ˾ÿɰ鶯оʹ˲˼֮֮Ǿİǻȵİ飬ο塣 ҶŮӣѲ鳢Ȥζͬɧǣ֮ѨƽΣʹ֣֮쳣ᣬǷοţ¯ɧĵ˾ַ飬ֲ˼
ŮԳӴ࣬˼Ƿȱδ֮ȤȱȽǣź ɫһβ࣬ʹ㣬ʱ⣬õİԩҡڰ칫泩˼ΣҶ㻹û񫣬ųػص˳صļңһ䣬ţҶߵص󣬴Ӻ汧סϸ֫󵨵סطͦε鷿Ҵͬʱ͵ڳػԲķ϶ĥġϢǵĵҶ㣬ǲǸֳִĽɧѨˡ


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زסķηŤӭҶĳ˶Ĺͷδζݺݵײڻ֮ˡ
졭ҡɧѨáҶ㡭졭ɡý㡭ɴġɧѨýСѨý㡭Ҷ㡭Ŷ㡭ɵĽ㡭ˬѽˬˡ
СѨˮ˫ֽıסҶƨ°βͣ϶ŤòԼɧѨĴܸĲɧСѨҵĺҶ㡭ġɵĽˬˡˬɷ򡭡Ҷ㡭ҡɡˬˡ
ƺܵɧѨŵĿУҶ˫ֱųصƨɷĴĳ壬ݺݵĿٵɧѨг롰㡭Ҷ㡭ˬˬҶġ󲻴󡭡СѨýҶļ͡еĺˬҺð㡭
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Ҷ㡭ŶԡðˬˬѽҵĺҶ㡭Ҷ㣮㡡ĽÿҪҶ㡭ˣ
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ҶĸţųصķҰƵӽѨصƨҲϵͦӭҶǿĳ塰ҵĺҶ㡭ӽɧѨĺҶ㡭Ҷļͺô֡óŶĸɡԡĽ㡭


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ظ߿ļУȫһСѨסнĴ󿪣һɹ̵ˮֱй߿תΪеŸ߳ĿУڼţ任Ųͬһִεİѳ˸߳ĵ߷壬йһһΣʱĳй֫޷Ҷ˫ְڳص˫ϰֵŪ鷿ָ¶ͷļӲҶָͷأ۵鷿ͨΡΡĻζţĳһ޷ĿдȫɵŤҶչͷȥһھҧסƵͷⶥסתţ˱Ūĳȫ٣زҵ˫ֲԾ§סҶ㷢΢ߣҶɳص鷿ƶƽ̹С񣬻֣ڳëСһѨ죬Һӿס˻ץʱİָСѨ֮г鶯ˬĳСѨ鲻ԾͦʱķӭָĽ룬С켱ٵźϡҶ㡭СѨ
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СѨһһ䶯˱Ŵͷһɹɹ̵ˮֱйڴͷϣһˬҶϴӼͦĳζ˵ĿԼþûиܵĿС
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ҶСѨ֮ˮ֪İο˫ַסԼľްͷ׼һһϵСѨһͦͷûѨ֮УֻеСѨ֮İСѨ͵ĴģҶһ̡ͦһ֮ͷģˬĳһҶȫһȫ룬ͷصײڻϣˬĳ˽УҶ㡭㡭ô󡭡óӲġˡˡ
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ҶŽ˵Ľ˷ܴ׺ݵĳ鶯һαһο조̣̣
ڶɵĳȫҶͦӭʹ˵ϵĸӽܣвϵнҧŴдСѨȫˬƮƶˣһ䣬ɵ˫̺죬״̬У˽У̫ˡˡҶ㡭ġ̫ˬˡġҵĺҶ㡭Ҷ㡭Сɷ򡭡ýɧѨ̫̫ˡ硭СѨˡˡܲˡҪйˡ
Ҷ§أƴͲ壬ֱֱһ㣬ųصĻģɵĳСѨһɵˮйŴĳͶŪʪ˵ë˳ƨϳ㺹ܣʴ鷿йҶأסһ˸Ů£ֻоײĻĸˬɵսСѨڰϲ岻ϵĦŰҶ˷ܶһŶҶ㡭ҰĴ󡭡͡ôĴ󡭡ӲֳѽСѨˡóʵҵĺҶ㡭˵˫ְסҶļ忪ʼͦľŪֻҵķɣҡҶȫץס˫දһ˫ֻϸסְзķΣͦƨĳɵĳط˽УŶŶ̫ˡ塭塭ŶáװġŶѨȡŶáóʵҶ㡭ŶסҶĽŶܲˡŶԺáҶ㡭ݺýɧѨ㡭Ҷ㡭ڿ㡭ɧѨáŶ
عӣŤƨɣʪȵסƨɵĵ߶ʹͷĳҵĴǰ˫ҡĸһһߵؿҶڸסŶ塭㡭ŶŶϲԼĻʶŶҶ㡭ĺáŶŶѨҪˡŶСѨȡҶѨĸоðŶڿ㡭ŶɧѨҪҶ廵ˡ
ҶٶԽԽ죬ÿһζĶײĳشʱѾҵ״̬ﲻϣֻ֪ŤҶ鷿ָʹͦͷصСѾʼҲѾڿʼΣֵ췭ظھҵ䶯ļҧ弸Ǳܵ·ŪŴ嶶Ҷĳ壬ָԼ˿˺ߣŶŶˡҶ㡭ҪˡŶҶ㡭ŶĺáŶҶ㡭򡭡ڴ㡭ѽÿ֡¸Ҷ㡭ŶТ˳Ҷ㡭ŶѨԶҪԼҶ塭ŶŶá̫ˡ
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صҵĳ鴤ţһȵˮֱйһҶϼٵĴϢšҶ㲢ûϢɹˣѩ׷߸Ҷ˫Բʵķϸţֿƨɷָڴ󿪵ѨϾһᣬѴκ׼ˮĵСѨĲ˽ȥȫ룬ظѷݺײڻϣˬĳһŶҶ㡭̫ˡôʱ䡭ûйŶˡŶһҶѨˬɡɧѨ
ҶһʥʼĳأٶҲԽԽ죬ͷʳһ㣬һһνϵײģŪĳؿֵķһĲˮҲһڶƨӭʹͷһЩᡢ֡顭ζѳص׵ؼ˳ʶֻ׵鷿ҵĻζڴ﷢Ҷӱץס˫ŪŪĳط˽УˡҶ㡭Ҷ㡭СѨ㡭ɡɵ̫ˬˡҶˡ̫ˡɵĽ̫̫ˡĽɧѨŶСѨҪˡ̫ˬˬˡ찡Ҷ㡭ѨĺˬˡҪˡ
˽ҶĸԽ׺ݣصСѨһ䶯һĸоӿͷҪͦͦӹӿҲǰ˵СѨлˮйϰװ׵һƬҶ˷УǻϢָƴĲ˽ȥصĳ壬ݸɰѳһһε˸߳йȫ˹ȥСѨҧҶֻеһ⣬ʶĿٵĳ鶯˼£þȫһͷֱӹڣ˶Ĺͷû֮Уһȫ˿һ𣬳ֻеСѨһ϶ûУ˶Ĺͷڻֳʵ飬ɵ˺ߣ̫󡭡̫֡ˡѽСѨˡӲɵµͦˮԽԽ࣬ҶҲͦӭʹ룬ɵĳط˲ѡҶ㡭Ľ㡭Ŷ㡭СѨϲɷɡáĺˣá
˷Խ
ʱ׶ʱǰͦʱֻżĥתʱŭеСۣҡҡСѨеˮˮĽҶͦ壬ɵĳؿ˽УáҶ㡭̫ˡĺáô󡭡СѨˡҶ㡭ɷ򡭡Ľˬ硭㡭𡭡̫ˡáҶЦ㡭桭һ˸ù񫡭û
˵һͦһͦĲϸţһµϲͣŪʱŪͷһ쵽˵ĽӴˣشʱ㺹ֵ˽У㡭ˡСӡýСѨˡҪйˡ
СѨһҵһɹɵˮܵͷϣһɷҶϴϢţҶʹóĴϣԲСѨ֮УҶ§סͦţʹӺݺݵֱֻģѨһֱ׵͵ĸ˶÷ǳرĴУѽѽСӡ硭ǸѨ֡ɵĽġСѨˬø硭ɷ򡭡ýɡ졭׸硭Ҷ㡭ġ㡭õСѨ̫ɰˬ
ʱлص˽лŮ֮Ҷ㿴糺죬˿һ˵ģֿ֪쵽߳ˣʹͳͲ壬ͷδصֻ㻨ģɵĳɧ˽áҶ㡭ҵѨġ㶥ĺáҲáˬ׸硭ˡҶ㡭Ҫˡû塭Ѩɷ򡭡㡭ʹáʹЩ𡭡Ҷ㡭
Ҷ㣬ĳ壬не׽㣮áɧˡҶ硭ҪĲɡ
硭㱻ġҪˡˡѽҪйˡ
ҶһƴӽͳͲֻ󵹣СѨ˳ˮϣѨȻ󿪲סˮʱҶӲͦеܵȼţһӲͦӳ룬رɵ̲ס˽УˬѽҶ㡭ѨŶѨˬߣҶ㡭͡졭׽㡭õѨ㰮ˡ
˵ţҡҶĳ壬ֱͣͷתҶĿȥ˱⣬Ҷһִ˫飬һ쵽ĽϴȥŽˣһ䶯ĸ̲ס˺Ҷ㡭ҵĺҶ㡭硭ҡȫ¶桭СѨŶĺðûбôļ͡Һˬ̫ˡ㡭벻ˡҪļ͡áѨҺˬ̫ˡСѨ̫ˡ
á׽㡭ĴѨֽСġеĸļ͡áʹ졭Ҫ㡭ŶҪҪݺݵĸɡѨ
Եĳֻƴ˽УץԼһԺĴ࣬һⰻȻӣҶݺݵضײģͬʱҡƨɣʹĹͷƵڻĥҡŷţҶ㡭ø硭㡭СɵĽˡ졭졭ҡҪˡ
˵ճصĻͬӤСŹͷƬҲһһϵҧŴһˮ˳̵ҶĹͷһ飬ƴĳ壬˱任ͬƸšйһһΣֱֵĲ˹ȥ
ҶûȻһ̡ͦһȫصײڻ۵ĳؽҧеúĵĵܵܡ
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˼˫żеҶСѨİıؽֽУҲϵİڶҶĳ͡
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ҶͳѧУԼᣬҶӢ䣬Լ鲻Խ
촽Ҷ촽ϡһ˲䣬ӴĶȻĶ촽ýӲҶ㾪ȵصɴ۾ųأݷǺڵͷӹ˳صУ촽ƿҶųصأղһ𣿡
رۣ΢΢ţ̺㴽Ҷ촽ϣҶֻص촽ֱʪ󣬻еԣһҧһڵĳ嶯ҳغ㣬
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ĺҶͷ׷ޱȵĿУ˱ԷеҺҶ㺬סػ۵Ķ࣬缢ƿʵ˱صͷóԡͬ޻ǰȴڻ
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Ҷ⽫ظǹĹĵĸеԵŮ弫ѹţŪóĻңȷҶʱظоˣҶֱջأ޼¡ؿҶ㲻ֹͣʹߺߣͷҡץšҶĺ󱳡
ҶſͷذͦزסͣشĺҶϣҶоذ۵κˣҫҶ㣬Ҷ㣬óͷˡ
ҶԳڳضζУʧδصأһҲƷеζôƿˣ
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ҶصأǱ֪óԶٱĴͷ󣬷ҷۣһ޷ܰζţŨֲʧƣԣȣƮưģĶˡ
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ҹطкգҶؿųػ´׵˯¼ǶĽϣֻʣһڱס˽ķۺɫ㣬ڴϣ͹ѩ׵̻¶⡣ɲʱڰ㸡컡
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شһһһץסϸ飺Ҷ㣬ı󣿻Ӳ̫ˣȻǸشŵģ˵еˡ
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һӵ껬ҶıŪŭǣȫȣ˶Ĺͷʹ࣬ظ߸ߵرأ͵øˣҲ˰ɡ
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رŪĶģȷ㴽΢ţ΢΢Ҷ㲻ʧʱĽͷϮʪȵӣУƵӣĴĶӲ̼ıڳػ׾ײײȥ
Ϊеظܵ˱Ӳȼȶȣһ壬鲻Խؽϸ۵ĶӭȥҶͷҶҲųɿڵĶ࣬໥ţ˵ͷ罺ؽʺһ
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ҶؽͷԳгĿֱðųصأңҪ
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Ҷ㽫۾ôģȻųص񣬳һĵͷһסҶ֡˷ܵȫҶ㣬סĸ׵֣ͷɫеɢĹʣѸرѽķߵһ㽿ˡ
観ٸϵ壬͸˵ˮң޾徵ò촽۾ͦķ飬ԲΣУǡôӨ֬壬˵ΧԱκŮκ˿˶ȻĶ
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Ѩһۣüһ𣬺ˮ˫ɻؿҶ㣬šҶ㡭ô
Ҷоͷײһϣ֪·ǰաظоҶִ׳̵ֳıԼѨġġ͵ģûһûȻ΢΢ۣȴеޱȵĳʵ
Ҷͦ𱦱弸£ֻѨıʤޣůůġʪĥùͷֵģһʴǣߵǿҵĴ̼ʱϮͷУһͻԳŪµҶ˵޷Ĵ̼ݶǿҡֻˬҶڴţٵغڳѨвˣ鼱֮ҶϽ鼸Ρ
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أİɣᰮңĲοҵĸףĸԸһеغҸ£ĿеĵλԶʥģԶϵģԶҵܺҵܡ
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أϣҶҵĿУԶᡢƯ顢ᡢ顭
Ҷѹڳرѩ׵ķϣӶЦ۵ӵšš̸šЦţҶֻӣ֮ʣһܰ㣬ںǺֵģȺģֱ飬ԣ֮ǧ˳Ľ̬֮Щ̼Ҷ˶Ѫڣֱӿȥ
ڳʪѨеıɲʱӳѪøΪӲʵ׳ȡظоѨһһȣû뵽ҶôٴӲˮ˫־ϲҶҶ㣬ô֡
Ҷͦ׳ıʼ壬ЦЦԴѨһ塣ءมؽһ׵СһΣŮǰμŪþá˳˫˫йƣػӵŽʱѾˡ
˯гȴôҲˡϸһֻԼһ˿ңҶȶѹӵһҶѹԼ鷿˯ţۣԼסһͷϣһִƨɱߡŴǰĻƵĵƹ⣬ӿԼעȫģ̰հŵҶ㣬üǵӢǳӿ˿ưҶ㣬ڵõˣӽˡ


697
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ۿڴȸı뵽ղŵΣȻǵʹ˺¡ҶؽɵȣĿȣֲһŷȣԽԽ˲Ǵа۵֣Ҷ棬ı
ҶıʱǲǸղŽԼȥĶžⶫղŸԼѾãʴǵĿСɵôһְֵŪҶ㳬˵ıһᣬȻֱͷа˴೤ͷһͷֳ͹ڹͷ͹ӱȱֺö࣬¶ָߵһӣʱӲᣬ쳣ʮִִ󣬳صһֱֻּղ
벻˯ҲȵıֻˣһһزѡضʱҡϢǣһ˫۵ָ¸ҶıʱҶˣ͵͵ı֮ǱյϼѤĽգˮӯӯۣʡ
Ҷ֪ѶԼֱŪӲ㲻ɷ˵סؿȥǿȣͰѱҶؼͣˣһסСһ˵ԶҪСְѳŪʹˣһ㣬óطĶȽ׽ȥ
شа۵裬סҶִ׳̵ֳıߺ죬ᵴԼʪѨڣߵɣ
ҶƨһͦӲʵĹͷϸ޺СѨͦ
ŮַƸ꣬÷ĶˡһΣص࣬лǰεκһζŪóáþ÷Ъƣس˯˿̣ѻָƽȻѨǻҶҺĳ׵ĻҺѨïʢë˳ȸĹɹ类ҺʪƵĴϡ
һ˯ֱҶȻҶ㿴ѹ´еĳأԼĲػӵһҹʴǵĻ䣬ƸһĻǴ˿̳طױἡ壬һ˿ҵѹ£СѨߺסԼıҶ治飬Ȼʵ
ҶĿؿĳأ֬޺ˣȻִ纣Ĵ˯ҳش˿˯εʲô£ǳݸһЦЦټϳ˵̣ʵҡԳ֡ҶڳⶴϢһҹıָֻ˲һ¾Ӳؽʪġġ͵ģûһû
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طģ΢죬ߵȻһЦ;Ūɡ
ϢһҹǾ棬ɾʮ㡣ҶǷִ׳̵ֳıڳůѨغֱײһɽһУԱѨıڵĦȻӿϮŮͷӿ
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ҶҲŲ
صô
Ҷ˼ޱȵζʳ֪ζ˿ȻųϣһԷʴ۵أǽ첻´ˣһ춼ڴϺ𣿡
۹еؿŵǲˣڴϢֳزá
ҶҲˣ롭
˵쵽һʤذаЦųء
֪⣬ŤŤ΢´ʲô
ҶЦڴˮ֮ѽ
뵽ҪڴϽһ죬ɴһշ쳱ˮ˫ߵһҶôУҲǣ϶Ҫ
Ҷǳȥһ£˵ڳǲù˲ˣ
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ڴʱҶ㸹дġĽصҶ㣬ǲǶˡ
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Ҷ΢ЦҪ̡
һߺסԲСȺͷ˱
صɵӣ̸԰ԣóȥ˷
ȰһҶ˱ųص飬ǲ
룬΢΢ߺ죬صҶ㲻˵ҪڴһԷһ
˵⣬Լԡ
Ҷϲ˵̬ʵһʲôô˵ˡ
ؽص֪ҡ
ҶҾǲ֪˵ѽء
ֿص㲻Էأ˰ɣСһ
ĵذҶ㣬ܽۼߺûͿ˲֬绨
ҶĿųأĵ̾أ
طʮۣһЦ¸ó˰ɡ
ҶأҪ㡣
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Ҷŵʵأôˡ


698
ؽ΢ûʲô̫ûŪˣеۡ
ȥ÷ɡ
ȥصһ¾ͺˡ
صͷһ壬ֻڳëʪܵĺɢ⸷ϣʺ޺Ĵ߷̺ϸС΢΢ſţֳһָСԲס
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ϸϸһǰԼδҶôıִδŪ˾ãҹڹŪΣҲѹֻŪ
һվ³ȥһͻˣ˻ԲҶ㣬Բԡ
ҶҲˡ
ص˵˵ģôֲˣԱҪι㡣
Ҷιңãҳԡ
ضԲŴͷڴϣҶͷѹųůĴȣóιԡõŪһԲ׵ԲشţȻ²ˣιҶԡҶ󣬳ŪһιԣҶأ԰ɡ
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Ҷ㲻ԣҲˡ
ϲصãóسԡ
һһڣǢسԲ
ԲҶϣֹҶ㣬ڲС
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صŹһᣬС
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صٻҪʱ
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̺㴽Ҷ촽ϼһǣۼ΢΢죬ҶҪʱôŪС
һȥҶеԹ鷿ܿ԰ɡ
ؽ⺢Ӿ̰Ū⣬ҪŪ棬һ㶼Źء
ҶЦ˭г㳤ô
⿪ش׵˯£Ȼͦ֬ϣ˶Բĺ飬°ͷ⣬ʤ֡
Ҷһڼؽѩ麬˸ڣȻס鷿ۻἡ˱ˡֱнӴС飬Ҷߺסͷ缢ƿʵ˱ʱͷŻΧۺΣҲûЪţһఴŪš
رŪҡ鷿ѣƽҶŪͷѹסͷȦƵţʱҧסĥҧ¡ఴһڸΪఴͬʱָסͷš
Ҷ˱£ԲСɵ齥ͦӲˡֻһ˱¡ŪóػܴȲԽ鼰ȫ͹µĽڴ䶯ţǳมˡҶˡغ
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ǱͺǷӯ鷿ھҶⷬ˱̼ѸԭΪͣۺѸɢԲСɵҲԭǳۺɫתʺɫغٵشϢţӣڵѣҶ㣬ˣúӣؿˣ
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˱Ҷ˿Ҳģ̲סˡͦ˵ı׼شĵԴѨƨһֱͦѨֻһ壬ѨеɧޣһĿֱͷˬѩϸһͦ۾һ죬ӣڰţõؽһ
ȲҶ㣬׳ıڳʪůⶴг岻ѡһԵĿг£ԺгûѾõľȫѹ΢΢ţͦķҶĳ塣̫ûŪ˵ԵʣĶԵЩ裬ϵòǺܺáҶ㱦²ʱȴ³Ѩδ׼Ҷı
ҶʱһҡŪҶıʱ˸գǲڳصСϣǲڳشȸĹɹϻ⸷ϣʱѨл˳Ҷ㼱ˣ˫ְסػ帻еԵķεأ𶯡
صҶ㣬һ¾֪ضĺôˡ
ְοҶ֣ͦŷΡ
־ʧܺ󣬳ϵýΪɹˡҶ㱦һ壬ʱ׾Բζ׼ӭȥҶı˸ʵʵʱһˣʹѨıڸΪĦűͷ
Ҷֻʡ٣岻Ҫǰѹȥܽ뵽ѨұѨıڵĦҲǿˣбһ޷ĿֱӿͷҶ㻶صء㡭㶯ááˬ
غγҲǸˬˣüĿ䴺֣Ө׵Ľ糺죬ߺЦûƭɣֻˡ
Ҷƨһһ׵ضţ̰ͦķΣƵƵȫӭҶĳ塣ŮˬѣѾһɹĿϯ£ֳйˡҶطʹ֮£ĴʵصأղҲʱôۣ
԰Ľϼգ⺢ô⡣
ҶЦ㲻ʲô𡣡
صԲҪŪ
Ҷóأ͸Ұɣ㲻˵ҾҶˡ
ҶͦǼӲڳⶴеı
æ𶯣ظ㡣
Ҷ¶ʤЦݿųءغˮ˫һҶ㣬ѽǳеĿǡ
ۻ׵ߺ죬Ķıִ׳صСδıôûŪˣȻЩۡ
ҶһԼ̫󣬳ز۵ģŵʵǳǲǲϲҵı
ߴӵؿҶ㣬ɵӣô᲻ϲҪ֪ȻЩۣǳػõĿԶʤ۵ġĸŮ˲ϲشŵıأ벻ҵСҶȻôıǮغøˡ
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699
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Ҷóأ˵һΰɣһ塣
޿κΣߺǿеޱ⽫ŵĻ˵һΡ
˵ƳҶ׽Цݣ֪Լϵˡʱ󷢣ȭҶ㽿Ҷ㣬ûƭء
ʱ˿̵ĳﻹҶĳأֱͻһĽŮ
ҶЦôƭˡ
һ̣촽һƲԼס
ҶЦǾͷóٳҶĴ󱦱
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ʱֱ嵽Ѩųʱֱ鵽СعͷѨвŲ룬ھôҶҲýΪˣʱûлСѨڸպýСعͷѨʱͰʱѨһ塣һࡣһΪʹͣ٣ŮĿҲ˶ϣŮѨıڵĽе⣬ǳܵ˻ڹͷ͹ǿعĥ
ˬ˿üĿ̬֣ĵĻݺϼɫˣһϸӣŲѣڶҶ㡭มŶ㡭óءˬ
¸ΪΪеƵƵͦ޳ſԷҶ󱦱룬ԴѨеҺǡСϪҶۼԵĽֵĺݣԵݺʮּܣִͦ׳̵ֳıڳůůʪⶴУ޼ɵط岻ѡ
ڹͷ͹ӣΪĹĥųؽеѨıڣѨıڵ⣬ҲΪĦűͷȻĿҲΪǿˡ˸߳ѾƮƮɵĸо˵кͷȻ
ȫĵسоУȻңֻ֪ȫͦƨȥӭ϶Էغ̼ʱм䣬ֱϸϸ㺹һֱϳҶ۵ú䤱شϢš
Ȼǲ֪ƣ룬罺̰಻ݡһɺ֮Ŀг£˫˫йй˶̫ȥˣŪõһΡ˿ǰˣ˾ƣ̱ڴϣ֫˯˭Ҳû˵һ仰ðŮŻ
ظоͷ类ȥƵģȫʹ˿ûƣؿҶͷǺ飬ڷʪܵģһۣ߾ȫ֣ȥҶͷĺ飬ޣޱעҶ㣬صҶ㣬ԺҪôˣ۵ġ
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شȰһЦ⺢̰
˻ӵСһظоΡ༰ҺʪʮֲʡҶ㣬
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΢أģҪȥϴ衣
һ˵ҶҲеʪʪĺǲҲҪϴ衣
صǳȥˮ
ֻȷǵߵԡңźˮҶ㣬ˮźˡ
Ҷԡ׸оˮУůůģжٸлƣȥһ롣
شԡҳһԼҶһһҹྻѩ׵Ĵ˿ǼһƬңһ̲̲ưҺĻҺҴϻɢڳ΢ëȻĽշɺ죬һӡȾ֦ķۺĴͷҲԧϷˮ˫
úҶϴأȥϴɣ´Ư
ɵڴϡ
صҶ㣬Ϣϴ裬ȥ÷
תԡҡ
غܿϴ裬Բɢʪܵĺڷ͹¹Ľһ˿ҵ߽ҵҶ㣬Ҫʲô
Ҷ㿴ؽĽݣڸϴúˣݹޡȶ˵ἡӨ覴ã˪ѩ֬㻬ϣͦһԺʵףͦ鷿ϵ觰ʺˣϸԲͦһ˫ȳƶ޳ֻ֮һ϶ĺϲһ
ƽһ׸С£ĵ۵صǵ˿̣¡дڵëʪܵɢıߣʺȺĴ̰ſţƽʱڴºϸСԲٽһһɼ
ؼҶĿɫԵ¿ԼȻɺ죬һסޣΪؽߵҶ㣬ء
ҶȻѺͳسķƸΣǴδϸ˿ֻ̣ԳȷıسѪӲƬ̾ͽǹ߾۾ͦڿ¡Ҷ㷭ͦͦصıЦҲҪҪ塣
ۿǹŭųıĵҲ𡣵ȴҶ㣬ڲУҪȥ÷
ҶŪ÷Ҳ
ųط֬Ө͸򴲶ȥ̼Ӳıһͦһͦأײųƽ̹⻬񸹡۵ĴȺͷе
ŪóضײǧҡģɧױһԲһţ̬ϳʣ⾡к޽̴ۺҶ㣬Сһ
ɫҶĻ̵סһԾϴڳسķȼ䣬ǺԲĴͷ׼ԴѨƨһͦŪ˴γؽСѨѽӦҶ㳬˵Ĵ󱦱ˡʶҶͷֱʺĴѨ۵С̡һͷһ·ĦѨıڵ⣬ֱ˳صס
̺㴽һţؽ̸ֳЦݣˬؽ˱Ĳ룬ֵھŴθɽƲˣþ÷ޱȳЪ˳ԹҶųؿϴ Ө׵һ죬۽ߵһҶ㣬صСɫŪôλӲ
ҶЦҺͳһȻҪʱʱ̲̿ųѽ
һҹлֱ賿˷ƣس˯
Ҷ֮һµʱ䣬ڽкʹ󲮵ʡ̨Ϊ֤ȷţԵӳ֤ͥ޷Ժдִǹ
ʱҶ̽࿴һΣҶڿܽӴڣԸԿԼŮ¼ԿԼźŮѵĹģҶһŪ龰ʱಡȥ
Ҷ㻹ǽ120ʹ죬ҽѣڼʹУȴʲôָʽˬأ
ǹ֮Ҷĸѩ÷ýҶĸ룬ĸӯӯùҶܰƼѻۣԵӳأŮ˼˼һԽṳ̂˷ذ޵ķɻ


700
ĸĸùãѩ֮ӵһžˣҶĸǰźסҲһһ˰š 궬죬ͳһ𣬾˵˥Ъ һֱڶ·ݣͳû뿪ҽԺʱ䣬һֱŰ޵ľ¡ѧԺ޵ЩǣҲ׷ױҵǰҪְ £ͳȥڴѡУԾԵƵѡͳŮƣưһֻǿ֮¹£Ҳôһ죬޵̫սˣɱ  



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