ݼ顿
һᣬĳˡ
Ůڰ޵ıԵ
ԼѪ硣
һ˵۷崫棬һ˿顣 


 001 ɱ(1)
עйоԹϵֻǿLйϵ32ƽ˿ڶʢ֮ʱﵽǧˣ֮ı֮һĻɣԴΪḻ˴ɭ֮⣬̽ѡͭȿǰéС⡱֮ơ
ȻôһĵĹңȴڵľսļ尾ʮҲֹұǧٿףøͣͲǰϹΪƶ֮һ˿Ҳӹȥǧǧ򲻵Ҵ󲿷ֵİջ±ţÿ򼢺ȶĸߴʮϡ
LΪһڶｫıռȫɵأһɷɭϷռĳɵء
սʮ꣬ǲʤLȴǱ࣬5ǰϹ棬ɳάͲӣʱͣⳡսڶｫLͳɭɹϽԼϵ˫Ȼͼı֮ģƽʱСĦϣģսȴûзˡ
͵¶УLıǳ׶ź뱱ȵеĵС
ǳ磬͵¶ɽѾͷ׶˵ʻȴǡǡ෴һѳ޵¥ѳ¾ɣĿľ񣬺ټ컨ŲɫģȴЩɫԲű¶ļŮְҵԵЦվڽֱͣȥĺܶ඼Ǿˡ
ɫĽγƾɵĳдţٺܿ죬ȫûй˼ɵ·ϵˣʱɼǰ֮ɫææһߣû˶˵һǽγ￴һۡ
ʱ̩мĽγȴŵЦݣ͵¶ḷ̌Ѿʮ꣬ȥźеõڶͳıãȻûھְҰֵһƱֵܣټŲȽľ𣬾͵¶егҲҪֵܣײһʲôⱾǸǿʳĹңһˣһϸûκε
̩´ʱ׼ȥǶġˮ¥ͣǻ˿ĲζԶȱĲõ̫̩࣬¾ȥòͣղһʴ泩ҲˣȻ뵽⡰ˮ¥
ûã㵽ǡˮ¥Ӹͣ£ͼһʮӼҴҵ˳Ƶϰˮ
ˮǸ̨ˣҪLôһ¥ȻԴ꽻֮͵¶еľҪԱн飬̩µĵϸв֪ˣæӭ˾¥һ˫С¥
ԭLּңϱĦڲΪֵҲɱ֮²Ҷǰ˫С¥Ǿ¥Ϊ˱˶ѷ¶ˣרΪģһòͣһȴǿɹڿأһ̿;޷ˡ
С¥̩¾Ͳ֣һ£ԼĸǹӦһ
̩֪ԼԽԽΪͬɣжº֣ﶼڴߣǹֵҲˣһƽʱж⣬жǮжٵֵܣֻһССӵ˲һж
ڵ¥ڣ̩¾ʹ¥ѾʮΣȻȻľٴλϣһݵأΧκε¥صʹǹд̡
ûã¥Ͳˣıڽ֡
еĲ˶Ȼƽʱ̩ϲԵģţ̲סһڿˮûòͣǡšһ̱һÿȾͳһ飬Ҳ̩µԭ򣬵ȥͷϵĹӣǧҪ˽»жһҪֻд˲ſԻóһЩ
ȵڳһ̩ſʼʳζ
ţȴ𣬸ű㴫һݺĸȴ
Lı֮һԱ̩µϼңСģʱеһ죬һ֣һߵ˴ߡ
һǱڱϴСĺӣģ衣
ӣ̩¾ͷߵȥȴǰĲݵعȻվˣһŮӶʮ£LеٵţŮ߳öҲ
귴ĵ質Ӧϰ̩¾ЩģһڷԸһǱھʹҴ¥Ƭ̣Ų𣬱̩µķǰϴȫѹˣû⡣
̩µͷ۹ⲻĳŮȥжʱһ
ֻһ¶һɫϸɴȹںڵͷĴ䣬üëϸᵭڶ峺Ӹ߶ֱͦ촽Щ΢΢ţССͣԸУȴһŷǻѪ
̩ϴȥطƯŮǵһμдϲȥ꣬ȴһԸЩʵŨüۣپ£һȴһһȴǰװ׾ĳǿʡ
̩ЮһƬţƬŽУȻ˹Ƕʲô֣ʲôطģ
˵ŻĿȴԸߵ꣬ʣ˵ͷö¡
Ըߵ굽ּ̩ϲǹ¶˺֮ɫЩ͵ĵҡҽӢܡ
Ůһָǰ¶櫣ǶҰɽˣѳģһ·ǰЩŵ
̩һ־LĻᣬĻἫ࣬õĹȻٲɣ˵ͷֵģҳɣúãٲǵĺô
ԸߵӢæͷһ¶ͺ˼㿪ʼ٣Ů櫾һ߳ţһչʼ裬콥磬ǶˣʳָȴһŽָſϴĺɫʯһ֪۵ʻ
̩ºþû͵˵صˣЦţ˺üƣӲЩȣ櫣Ȼֻʮ꣬ǰѾ΢΢òģɢһ˵ĳԽ͵ջʱĶ
Ҫ֪Lʮĳÿжв٣̩ҲȥССɰͰ͵ûʲôζ櫵ŮȴͬԼһ̫ࡣ
ֺ̩¼ƣֵͣóˡ
һȻֹ
ֶָָ̩ģǹɵ櫣ԼߵλСòòøúãҺƣȻǮǳȥϰҲȲϡ
ЩãȻӢһۣ˵ͷߵ̩µߡ
̩͵ץסϸСĸ첲һ櫶ʱ㵽ĻС
̩±櫣ףŴЦţһֻѾСǰȥҲЦһһҵվţȴûбȫȥѾǶγɵһϰˡ
ʱ̩ͣ»ţ˫Ѿס鷿̩һʱûţȴԽԽȤСŸС
ʱ̩µĿʶȥȴӢһĺ£ȫǸŭԵģƵ¶̩ͣһ㶣ȴ˫ȭգ˫۹ԼҰŭȻ̩ĿæִͷȥӣȭͷȴȻûɿ
̩ЦվһѽƿСղǸ㿪Ц棬Ǯǣȹпˣǵ
˵ŻߵӢܵĸǰϸۣȻֵ˻УƺҪȥǮ
Ӣ۹һѾ죬˫һʣҪȻ̩ѾӻѸݵӢܵϣһ¹sauer˾ǹԽ˵Դ䱬
ͬһʱ̣̩µҲѾǹס˰¶櫡
̩²ûЦӢܵСӣ㵹װͦ񰡣ҲҲȥ˵˭ġ
ӢȴһԲ
̩һһǹлӢܵͷϣѪʱ˳ĶͷӢܵвûзŭüͷҲûһ£ǳŵƽ޷²ʲô
򶨣̩ʵڲһʮϣоĪĸеһ˿£ţ¥ϵ龰ǲ졣
̩һȥ˿ȻֽŶθǽǣһǵϣûʲôŷģղ¥Ȼ¥裬ǰ
̩֪Ӣܿоʲʲôߵߣӣץס£͵һ˺ͽѿȴԱŭԼİ¶͵СӣСûСˣͦĵİ˵ǵʲôˣ˭ָҪɱң
¶ʹû˭Ҫɱ㣬ģǸղҲѹˣʲôҲûа
̩һȥСӣ㵱ʲôˣӿǹɱ˵ʱĻûǰϷģ㻹񣬺ãϲСǲǣӾּ˵˵
˵һѾ櫵Ѵм˺ƣ¶ǰδ鷿ڷ΢΢
¶һʱЩԥ˵ҡǳѪˡ
̩ˣͷһѪLɱ֯󣬸ҶУԭǮˣֻҪ˵һñɱߴʧ˵ûʧ֣벻һǾȻɳ
ҪƽʱѪ̩ǾǵģԷѾɱͷϣй棬ԼԶݣѾʲôǲǵˡ
֪ǳѪˣ̩ʲôҲʣΪɱ־֪˭ģɱˣСòʵ̫Σա
̩½һߡһվӣǹҪɱˡ


 002 ɱ(2)
ʱȴӢڵϵţ֪ǵ𣿡
ѾϸϸѹΣûʲô֣һ̩Ҳе棬ҪһŮͶûɵóֿȭɱԼ˵ʲôҲš
̩ƵӢߣ
ӢͷȻѪ˿ƺѾ˵һ
̩û壬ȵ˵ʲô
ѾеǹҲ˵棬ֽŶ˿ΰסǾ治ʲôġ
Ӣ˵һ䣬̩»û壬ָһ㣬ģ˵
Ȼû˵֮ʣӢܺȻһĴϷӣſѩ׵ݣһھҧסĺҧĲλѪ֮ҧü
̩էʹѾ˵̧ܵӢӢ㵽һҧ̩µĺţһ̧𱻰˫̩µѹס޷
ڼ䣬Ȼɫŷ׷׾ǹҪӢȥ
ڴʱ¶ҲڵϹͬʱ£¶ŵƤѥﵯѩ׵ļ⵶һ죬һڵȴӣֵǿźɫָҲһĵļ̣һڵűϡ
ˡ
һǰһĵ˵ϣǿ°ĭɫڣǼ⵶̾Ǵ˿ɼľ޶
¶ɱǱڣǰ˫Ų⵶ִѾӢҧð̩º󱳣Ӣ֪Ǿ޶æɿ죬̩Ҳбһߡ
Ӣ¶Ҳ̩һۣѾű׼˿
ʱȴ¥˴ϴ󣬳ʲôˣ
¥ݼѾ˼ٵĽŲ¥ϵĶѾ
¶϶¶˾֮ɫЩƬ̼Ҫֽ֣ϵ˿һʱȴܽ⿪ֻ»ѱ
Ӣܵ˴˿̣ϻô򾲣¶ͻ˿һ̩ǹӣ¥ڿһǹ
顱һʱ¥ݿڵǽڴһ
ǹ¥һҺ֮ĽŲȴֹͣˣžǹ죬ȴı
Ӣܵ¶͡櫣ǿ⿪˿ҵǰȥš
⻰˵ֹ꣬˼¥ڣſǹҲסĿǹš
һ󣬰¶ϵ˿Ѿ⿪¶æһʬùһǹ¥ڣҲ̽ͷһ䡣
櫱㵽Ӣܵߣ⿪˿һͷѪӢܣҪҪ
һ˵ţһ˺һѣҪ
Ӣһƫͷֵû£ҡ
ѱ̩˺ƣԼ£ϣ촩
Ȼٲǰǹѵ¥ݿڣȴڴֻԮ
Ӣһָ¶͡櫣죬иˮܣȥ
¶֮Ӣܣһߡ
ӢܶȻУҪˮȥȻӲݵ뿪Ҫʮʱ䣬಻ʮ룬ҪǿǹǶû
櫻Ҫ˵Ӣֳжĸˣִ¶ͣ櫿ߣ紦ȥҡ
¶͵˵ͷ櫵櫣֯й涨жһжҪӸ˵ӢѾˣǲΥ
Ҳ֯ļǺεɭϣҧҧ촽Ӣһֻۣ˵Ӣܣ֪һܻҵ㡣
Ű¶͵˴ڣ˳ˮܣȥ
¶뿪Ӣֶ¥ڿ˼ǹ̩ǱǹӵѾˣֻһ¶͸ղùǹʣµĿӵÿʮһţȵ꣬һǹڿ䣬ʮ֮ڣھл᳷ˡ
Ȼߵڴһ̽ͷͼݵζӰӦ죬ͷӵХѾ˴ϣڴʱӣһǰһѾл
Ӣ޷뿪ֻðγһǹǹֻʮӵ˶ã̩¾ҪѶˣߡ
̩µıڹȻо飬֪¥խǹʱôϴҪ£Ҳ޿ȣڹȵӢܴ򵽵ʮһӵ¥˵ע⣬Сõϴǵǹֻʣһӵˡ
ӢЩϸѹԼ˵֪ǹȻǴ̩µϵģǹѾӵ
ǹվһӢܴҵһѿΣù¥ڲ׵ĵطȻٽ̩µʬ屧ȥţ¥´һǹ
ǹ𣬾¥´ű㲻ͣӵŲҲԽԽ
Ӣ֪ѾˣһѾ̩ʬȻͬ亢ҪЩϾûгֳ̩꣬Ƿ׳Ѿȫס
ֻ˼ʱ䣬ѾǹһǰһѸ͵ĳӭ̩ɫڣؿһƬѪ״ֲѿʱһ㶡
һ㶣ӢѾ̩µʬվ糤üϸСͬʱ˳ȥѩһڵʲСҲͰ¶͵ѥ櫽һ˾޶ں߶ûһ˫˫ڵϡ
Ӣܼ˹ȥڵʲγϸСװԼѥӵײɵ֮ͿʼϰѾˣԶľ˵ʵûʲôѶȡ
װ÷ɵӢûκεĵ飬ȡǹϢĿݵ¥ȥƵ¥̽ͷ
ֻȫעǹ¥ϵĴڣﻹͣĺͬ֡
Ӣʱκεڻ˫ǹ
顱һ֮ӢѾǹʣµӵȫݵڵǵͷزѪڵʱѾ͸ˡ
Ӣɱˣӵ˫ǹûκεĵ飬Ųɣʧڲݵ֮⡣
ʱѾ̩µĺ뾯֮


 003 Ӱ(1)
֮L׶źС
ʴƵ꣬źеһʮ˲㣬LΨһǼƵ꣬е߼L׶µľҪԱסLĻҾԽԽĴɱʴƵķҲϽģ˵ڶͳҪʴƵˡ
ھƵ꽨ɵص¼дͳ˧ӵ˾ڸϽ
Ǵ̿Lɱֽ缫İǣûнӽĿ꣬ôƵƵļϵͳ֣ճ̱ǹ֮Ҳûзʲôɱ֮ˣʴƵҲԳΪɱֽԽԽߣȴԽԽá
ֵнʱվʴƵʮ˲һ䷿ش¸źȫ
Щ˵LԾڶͳĸʮװ½мڶͳڸϽϵʼһε˾߳ɻͷϡ
ڣֵнȴôҲ˲Ϊεͳְ֮ǰӵһɿ鱨˵˹Ӷ˳ѪдԼɳ֯ɱӰ
ֵ˵ѪĴLɱּţǮɱ֯ͬٽӵҪӾͽӴ󵥣Ǯɱɱˣд̶ٴΣɳˣһֱ˴ʧΪֹӰȴǳѪĵһɱ֣û֪жͣû֪òŮҲ޴֪˵Ӱɱˣһ֣ûйʧܵļ¼
ǸŴӲʧܵɱӰֵȻɵȴҲ̫ϣƵеı˵߻ŶʮӾоֱ뺷ǹ񣬶סʮ˲ǾƵػ㣬ʮѾ޷Ϊһ¥ѾҹػӰֱɻǰд̣Ҳ֮ⱻ䡣
ֵʱĵģȴǺڸϽӰĹʮа˾žɱԼԼֵõڶͳεĽڸϽ˾ְ֮ҪӶɱֲɣһҪʲôĻԸԼɵҪǡ
ֵ뵽Ѿ˼֮С
***********************************************************ͬһʱ̣ʴƵʮ㡣
ʮ㣬ʴƵļ࣬ʮ̨ʮԱҲǾƵͨرסķֽ㡣
ֻеݿͨڵװȽxװãЯƷȫĿû˿Դǹͨʮġ
ʱúׯ˽˼ҵߣһһŮеĿһ̨ŮȴŻͲǵ̨ļߡ
һһŮճʮݵĵݣ̾¹ڳľƵ걣˹ȥŮǰ棬òѾʱߡ
ֻǸŷǻѪ޵ζҪŨһЩһɫְҵװǰɫ߸Ьɫ˿࣬ԵС޳ֱںڵͷԺ̳һӣϻŵױ˳ĽëԸеĺ촽Σˮת֮䣬ʱĵ硣
ͷһʮı鳤ɫЩ࣬޹ĻѪ˶Ҳһʲôˣ
ȴͻࡣ
Ů˳չһЦһڱ׼Ӣλą̃ļմλҵĺǵ̨һйõǼƵĽĿר̵LɷãѾ֪ͨǵĹزļ³ѵûǴк𡣡
Ǳ鳤ϰԵǸһۣȴеģǿʣӦܹýˣعͷմҲӢشԲմС㣬ǲûнӵ³֪ͨ
ʱûзɾ裬һƣλ㽫ΧסѾǹϡ
մüһ䣺³Ÿ˵£ô͸ˡ
Ǳ鳤ɣ㲻³İ칫Ҵ绰ӦģԸ˵˵
Ǳ鳤һۣóֻһ绰ߵһ˵ʲôһͼͷܿҶϵ绰˹մС㣬Բ𣬼³ȷ֪ͨǱͬˣǾ¥ļģʵڲܲɷãǼ³Ҳ
մʱ¶Щż飬˼Ҳ֪أʴƵľǵıϵͳҪǲܲɷãû취ϰ彻Ӣ˵ôãһ֪ѹĺܴ󰡣ɣʲôطģʲôطģ˵㣬ˣˣò͡
մ˵ò͵Ļ鳤һ̲סһۣ˵ʵʴƵŮȻ٣մԸе˶ûмܹͣϰϰƸʴǸǶô£Ҫ֪ЩⴳŮˣģȻᱣأԼķòҲǲLӢ˿ɲࡣ
뵽Ǳ鳤ЩѪˣȴǺĵòʲôľͲˣղż³Ҳ˵ˣǵĽĿǴƵڹϵӰкôҪȫϣɣɷãһҪָӣҲѽ
մһ¶˸мЦݣű鳤ͳһƺﲨȻǾ㿪ʼɷ˵һƣǸ˾׼λ鳤
Ǳ鳤뵽ԼҪȫԵĵӽĿҲܸе˷ܣæ·ŬֱͦӣԼһЩվ˾ͷǰ档
մվãֳֻͲɷһЩйرϵͳ⣬Ǳ鳤͵˵Щһɱֽ֮Ļ
˶Ա鳤ĲɷãͬմȥңմȻãÿҪӰ֮ǰҪѯܲ㣬ֻҪⱣ鳤¶Ϊ֮ɫͻͣ¡
֪Ĺķ䣬һݣȴֲʮ̨ҵļעŸĻ
鳤մһȥմС㣬صǾƵס¥㣬ǾԲĵġ
մ˵ͷ˵һ˾
鳤ɷѱϣҪմ˳ȥ㺬һͬ͵£ȴմ΢΢üͷæúܹĵʵմС㣬ôأ
մ¶Щɬ飬ȥҹг˲ɾĶһֱЩ
鳤մС㣬ôȥЩطԶʵ༫ˡ
һ˵ţһƽĽմ쵽˼ϴּ⣬ƿţͣĴһȻմС㣬ȥɣ£ţ˴
մֶһЦ߽ϴּ䣬鳤æŹϡ
մһأϵЦʱ֮ͲˣҴҵеһңϣ·ȡһССװһͼֽһСֵ缰һɫ
óͼֽ컨һȻװȥɿϵѣֻһɫߵһɫڿ㣬¶һ޳׼
Ľµѷźãմֳȥ˸߸Ьվ˳ˮͰϣͷһ۰壬ﺬǽ˫һץһգۼͼݵȥ˭Ҳţôһλĵ˶Ȼ˿켲֡


 004 Ӱ(2)
Լʮӣǿȱ컨ӰһΣմѾ׵ļѾմŲٻҳҲȥܣҴҴ·˸߸Ьţߵ¾ϣͷϡϿɼĻҳٶɾǰϸһ飬ţ˳ȥı鳤һЦлл㣬Ҳø
Ǳ鳤մݿȥֱȥµĵťûմ֮£鳤ɴżҪ룬ȴմ۲ӯӯ΢ЦŵллͬΪ˱ʾл⣬ߵһ¥µ㣬һ档
鳤⻰ֻǰٻţƺϵÿë׶ˣæӦţֱմ˽˵ݣŻع뵽˵һƽʵ뿪Цһ鲻ԽĶǵݴһƮƮĿڣȻҲ˼ԼͬµδҪЦϽɿһ壬˿ȥ
մ˵ʮ¥ȥˣһĸߴ뺷ŨüۣͭɫƤһɫƤ˹櫣ûУ
ǻմ櫵˵ͷͼֽûѾͷӹȥˣֻҪ֯ǸͻʾˣӢܣǸزļ³ɱô
ӢܵûòѾŪιȥˡ
˵⻰̧ͷ˿һ龫ֱʮ֣Ͽʼж櫣㵽ȥ׼ӣ¶ͣȥжܳʮӡ
櫴ӦһȥˣӢ¶͵һݣڽȥ֮ǰӢͳһСĵŵͷ˰Źţʮ˲ĵťݵļϵͳѾֽţֻԶʾ״̬ʮ¥ı˵Ѿʧȥá
ʱӢܴ˺ɫƤ䣬ȡ·¶ʹϣٴƣٲȻʴƵıԱ
һ󣬱㵽ʮ˲㣬һݣžʽǹĴվ棬Ӣ¶ͳһʾξεľ˱֪ͨòžƵı
¶һĵǷǰ֪ͨǣƵ״˻Խ
ξ㶵ãվţǸϵûС
˵űóֻ׼ͨһ绰롣
ʱӢܺȻһӱۣѾһɫĴǹֻһǹξľξ߶һ㵹ڵϡ
Ӣܻξǹƶǹ߾˵ʬ塣
˴ʱѾӦҪӢܿǹ߰¶Ѿγһͬǹǹһǹһ˵üģһǹһ˵ʲһǹ
ɱˣӢ¶һͷȥһսǣҲ̽ͷȥֱӾ˹ȥվճǹľˣէȻƽǹľƵ걣ӹս߳һ㶣žҪǹ
Ӣ¶ѾǿǹĻᣬһǰߣһ߿ǹһǹȫǴͷϵҪֶ֮߾ʬ壬Ӣܻˣ¶ͻˣ϶꣬˴˼Ѿγ˼΢Ĭܹ˲ҵԼҪɱĿ꣬ͬغϡ
Ѫ͸㵽˼ֵнʴƵ꾡鱨Ӣߵֵнӵ׷⣬˵ϻָ¥ָָȻʳָ˸ͣ¶ף˵μֵ˶ʮˣѾʮˣ¥֮ˣ˼ֵὫ⣬Ӧûˣ˵ͷʾһ֪ˡ
ʱӢܴӻóһſǷŵĵɨһΣšꡱһ죬ѾˣҪ֪ҪӣȻҪرİţ˲ŻῪţⷿſȴøˡ
һӢ¶͵ƿţȻ󱳿űҿʼӰǷľڿӵģҲģͻȻ˴ɱûʲôӦǹΣѾԭе
Ӣܷɿһɨȴֻʬ壬˵ֿܣҪô˽ϴּ䣬һ٣ҪôǸֵڷʱ¶һۣ㼲ʮԶһŵķȥǵĿֻǼֵᣬоҲҪ
ֵڷûһͿȴһϴʱһŮǻ㣬ڵ顣
Ӣܲϸ̧־һǹ˵ĺϣӵӶͷϴȥʱ˴ϡ
¶Ҳǹ׼Ůˣܿͷˣֻ˵𶯣ʹǡ
Ů¶˾֮ɫȻҶ
Ӣܷӵʬ壬ĿڣǴļֵὫƣ֪Ѿɱɹͷһȴ¶;ǹŮЩ㶣˳˹ȥֻŮ˽ԲϸηȳƤ𪣬òҲ㣬ֵ¶ͣʲôɱǡ
Ů϶ɫһӣmϣһȴ˴ϣһᣬһ߲סĿͷ
¶ͷŮӵôҲ䲻ȥӢܣ椳öɱ˿ϧǷŹ
ǡֻû³ͼӢһ̧֣ӵŮ˵ͷϡ
ӢҲ¶ͽʲô˹ȥmϵŮʬһϣѾһɫľǹָҲѾ˰ϡ
¶ͶʱףŮ˶ǼֵӾѡŮҼо飬ղŮװźȥȡµǹһŮ˾ͿͷԼߣӢֿǹڵϵֻ¾Լˣһ
ӢҲû˿Ц˼˵¶ͣɣߡ
Ѿȳݣ¶ͱĸ
Ƭ̣㵽˵ԣȵһӢͳǵͷһ£¶ͽȥ˵¥
ǹרãһ·ȥ˴ˣûþ͵¥£˲߳ʴƵĴš
һɫcorvetteγţһ˳̿˹ȥӢ˸ʻϣ̧Ʊĵ֣жֻ˶ʮӣԼļ֮ڡ
ֵ֪нɱºܿͻᱻ˷֣źҲȫǽϣ櫽ӿ÷ɿ죬һСʱ֮󣬳Ѿ˽֮˼ͬʱЦ˶Աɱ˵ΪѵȴɵÿѸ٣ɾ䣬Lɱֽ磬ԶһʧֵϣӰƱпȸ


 005 (1)
άѷУLС
һҹάѷﰴʵ˵ƣϱѾͣ˵磬ֻжǵƻͨΪۼȫеֳLǳ˰صģάѷв֮һǴж
ڶǣһطǳ֣ǾҵҹУĿƷиʽɫСԣҲĵط
һҾӪСԵ꣬ʱ߳һŮˣһӴźɫtɫţп㣬ؼ͹ĸߴ뺷Ũüۣòһ˵ĿҰ֮վ㹻ע
һеģüĿ㣬Ҫ¿һЩһɫֹ˹ʺЩʮСŮۡ
ŮȴԸУһɫɴʵϥȹɫvt׼һµϸ··ͦ鷿߶زȹԼɼԲβһĻߣ޳ȳƵ˫ûд˿࣬۵Ĵȹţһ˫ɫƤЬС磬ഺϢȫ
ˣȻӰӢܡƱ¶͡ȸˡ
ǵļСͱһѶӴųѶϿᣬǸָɱ˼ɣԼʻӾ㼼գһҪѧԣǸٵҲŹǲ֪ѶɱּųѪˣ˾ȻȻĳ˳ѪĳԱһһĴɱ
棬ߴ뺷ͷ򾲵ӰȻ쵼ߣѶҪѧĶȴԶԶȰ¶櫷ӣ˻ɱּ֮⣬ҪŲͬʦѧϰξѧʷЩɱ޹صĿĿЩѶرҪѧϰйʷ顣
ӰһѾϰˣûжѶԭ򣬷ǻᣬȻûȥйҲLĻ˵й£Ҳϲʲôҽҽҽ֮Ĺ£Ѿ˵С˵ϲһλǷӢۣҳѪҲйأ֯ŵ£ͱ벻ļִУʡΪʲô֡
ɳѪ󣬵Ӱ˶֯һеأͬһ֯ˣǶʶѶҲᣬǲ֪Լͷ˭ѶԴϰƣֻ֪ϰкܶǮźܴ⡣
Լ˸ǲԸȥʣLÿ궼ôˣôĹ¶ȻҲǴж
ɱ˼ֵ֮ѶǸˣصطļ٣Ƿǳѵõ£ȻҪʹʹһˡ
ӿͣһһӢspeedtriplĦУӢ¶͵ˣӵоȷϵͳƶǿ1050ccԼܸŵĵȼעϵͳ֮һܳһʻ䣬ԽҰóһĿ̧ǰֵƽؼ
Ħ˴ɱõĽڵĹӢܣ׵Ĺ¶ͣҲ˵ϡ
˸ĦУ¶վһߵ櫵櫣ҵĳǵ޵ȥӢܣ˵ô
޵άѷгЧһû깤Ĺ·˼٣Ӣ¶͹ȥϰĦо
ӢЦЦðҲȥ⳵ٶȡ
櫶Ű¶ȻһЦŲƶȴߵӢܵȥ¶ͣǾ߰ɡ
һ˵ţֻѾȻıסӢܼʵ
¶һ˿ʹ֮ɫȴû¶ЦǺãӢܣĦжһǲͱһ˭һЩ
ӢܻûлشѾͬððӢܣȾͱȣҲһȰ¶Ϳ졣
¶⻰ҧһӢܣϵط㡣
˵Ѿ۶ȥ
ӢҲĺ棬΢΢˲ͷ櫣ʵ¶͵ĳܺãδܹ
ûдͷĺڷżٵĦƮţӢܵıӰ׳һǽȫԸ˵ĸоɽȥӢܣҲ˵ʲôǿֻǴ㲻Ҫ
ӢЦЦ櫣ʲôʱñˣ¶ҪʤңҪԼ汾졣
˵Ż͵˲Զ޵¶Ѿ˵·ߵһ¡
Ӣͣ˰¶͵Աߣ櫾ʹӳУǴﵽǰķϷӣȻٻ˭ȵ˭ǵĥȥȾơ
Ӣ¶ͬʱ˵ͷѾʼ׼Դͷ
櫾ߵǰ棬ͳһɫ˿߸߾𣬵Ԥʼ͵һӡ
ʼӢ¶ͱһһ׵һ˳ȥƬ֮䣬Ѿ櫵Զˡ
޵û깤·఼͹ƽĵطspeedtriplĦеܼã˲ûܵӰ죬ٶȻ磬ҹ֮Уֻŷǿĺ֮
ϷӣԼʮ·̣߰˸Ӣ¶ͺܿ͵ʱӢܱȰ¶ֻһȻڵͷ֮ʣӢȴĦгһᣬڰ͹ĵ˼ƯƯƣյִﵽϷӣͷѾ˹ضȥѾڵͷİ¶˦˺ʮס
¶ʵû뵽ӢܾȻѧôһ֣иˣƴļӴǰ׷ӢܴʱͬһɫӰܹ׷ϣ˳㣬ѾһףԶԶľ櫻ԼĽѾõӢƵĴӢܣӢܣ֪ģһġ
ڴʱ¶͵ʱ˶⣬Ķ⡣
ȵ¶Ҳյ㣬ѾüЦҲȥܰ¶ͣеĺ˿ȥӢܵұϣʱھĽƷ
Ӣܲûκεĵ֮ɫֻνЦЦȻת԰¶͵¶ͣҸղŵǸƮѾ˺ܾˣ㡣
¶ұϵǸ˿۹һܿعðӢܣȷʲôǿ
櫵˵¶ͣķڷ˰ɣǺȾȥ
Щ¶ʵҲǶӢķģ櫿˵Щ˵ܣǿζЦŵ룬͵ĥȥ
˵Ѿһ
櫾ȻӢܵǰȥ


 006 (2)
ĥҲڶǣľưɣʲôУȴһֱĺãˣѼߣͨڼѶգȻ޷ܹģˡԱŮߺڵˣ˵ӡ
ûһӢܵ˾͵˺ĥһ߽ȥͶеѾ̼˵ÿһϸҲʼ˷ɱ֣ϾҲŶʮֿ꣬ɹй֣ȻǺио
أȫȺûغܻ谵ֻзŵĹͰ̨ϱյĺͮͮĸʽƷĹ⣬̼Ъ˹Ť
رߣһλã̾ӦкҲѯˣҪһֽСĺƣLƾܴȴӢƽʱϲȵġ
һƣ˱㵽ŤӢܺϲգǰ裬ֻһ¶˵һλϺȾȥ˰¶ͼӢһߣʹյŤ˵ӢʲôԼǿô̬;ԱȲϣø櫱ֱֲǡ
Ȼ櫱ںܿĵЦţӢ뿪ԼȥԺȾƣϵЦݾʧҲĲɣƺʲôɰ¶ôǰŤҲûȥһۡ
¶һ櫵̬ģԼǸ͸һ㣬ҲǸĸˣȻϲ櫣Ҳ޷̬ȣͷգҲֹͣ˶صλӢȥˡ
櫲ʱȥӢܣȴ¶ƣ۹ûԼƳһۣҧҧ촽ߵصм䣬ȻŽŤ
ͳԸУִtȹ֫ϸС޳˦ڻ谵˸ĵƹ£һΧɢջ
ֻһ߾ΧˣʱſڻߴźţжɫĹâ
һźɫģϹСָֽŸͷĹͷһȺ˹
ΧߵЩ˼ͷֹͣߺȣһȥ
ǹͷߵ櫵ߣȻڼҵŤţͷһĵС椶ͦƯôһǲǿϧߣҺһȥ
Ȼ趯Ҳֻĵ
ǹͷŭЦԼģС椶˴һҲܹ
ôһ˵궼ЦһȽϰСڵ櫵ߵС椶֪ڸ˭˵𣿡
ĳһֵ
궼ɫһִģҪС椶Ҵ򡣡
˵žҪ֡
ʱǹͷȴһⓁִϵ˶Ҳ𣿰ҵͷ
ǰСæС椶֪վǰ˭ϤŶϴάѷ˭֪
櫻˪ĲǣǹͷϤŶʹ˸ɫСִյ櫵Ķߵ֪ϴϴ˭𣬸㣬ӰɱԶʧֵӰϴ󣬾û˸ˡ
ʱͣӢܵķһۣЦŵŶҸղ˵ǵϴҲӰϲʶ
ϤŶʱƨӰϴֻһֵܣһðģС椶ȥҽѵѵˡ
櫡ߡһʹȺӢ¶ȥ
ӢԽԽҪ£Ӣ֪ǸƯŮˣʲôطһѵ׷ߡ
Ӣ¶ʹʱƴƣû⵽ʲôȻһȺģ˹һ㶡
ϤŶָָ谵ĵƹ¼Ӣܱ뺷ӣҲһݣ֪ԷȻҲöԸԷֻˣֻдɫtСЩԼ˸ȥԸѵ˵ӣ˶ǰʵ̫ûˡ
ǰȥ˸ŵӣ۾Сӣ˵ðϴӰֵܣǲ
ӢһϤŶ䷢ЦѾµʲô£¶һɤһߵƣһ˹ĵŶǸӰܳôҪСܡ
ϤŶģӰϴ¼㶼֪ð䣬㣬ûӰϴɱˡ
ôһ˵߸˷׷׸
ԣѪһɱ㶼֪˰ʲôѪһɱ֣һɱ֣ҿͳǷҲҪɵ
ϴ󣬻Сӣȳǵ
ϤŶӢ¶ȻƣȫԼѻˣһӣֵѾΧ
ʱӢܵһƵݵ¶͵ϣһһƲˣ˭죬㺰ʼ
¶ЦЦƽУʼ
˶ʱãֿңԸˣǿѸһ㣬չÿһγ֣׼ȷĻ˶Է޷ٷҪ֮ϣÿ˻ĴαۣϾ͹˰ˣȫʹĹţһʱ޷վ
¶ͼԼ֮ʱӢѾƿ˵˵ĲϣɿЦӢܣˡ
˵Žеĺȥ
ӢҲеĺһȻȥϤŶϵǾ죬ץӰˣ벻ͬҵȥһˣ֪һ˵Ҫǲʵĺÿ
ϤŶӢһȭʹûð벻ԷǾ죬ʱһLķαͻңҲǴֱȺڵϵ˻ףƹ˵³ȥǾ֣ʵȥ죬ʹҲҪһʱǮ
벻ԼײаϤŶɿɥ٣٣һΰɣҸͲʶӰֻǾϵָǳ£ͦģԲð£ƣöһЩСܣ٣˵Ķģץңˣˡ
˵ǿʹ࣬ڵϣӢܿͷȻѿܱȱͿץֱƹŪǿöࡣ
ʱ˹ϤŶһŵӰҲ𣬸ҹԶЩ
Ӣ¶ͶԸЩС첢ûȫϤŶЪһѾǿվ櫵Ļʱ⣬ȥˣ໥ҡҡλεˡ
»صλϣץƿ͸Լĵһڴڵĺȥ֮ѾһƵĺΣ۾Ҫˮ
Ӣüֵһ׼ȥ㰴ϵ櫣ôˣһЩ
̧ͷԹһۣһֻĬĬĽÿңȾƣúõĺȸʹ졣
¶ƵӣβףԼҲһã櫣ȣҾȸ
˵һȽǾƺȥȻúɬ
Ӣܼ¶櫺ԼһߣҲ⣬ЦЦ¶ͣ櫣Ⱥţ̫ˣ£ȳȥһˡ
Ⱥ߳˺ĥ
ĦУӢܷ۵缲ȥһų¾ɵķݣþ͵һɽ£ɽ֮ϣһ¥ߵŷʽûе磬ǱȴԼĹϵͳյǵƻͨҹԶԶȥһˮһ㡣


 007 (3)
ӢܽĦͣɽµһƬȻٵȥ
ۼӽǱȴûŶУһȦǱĺǽɿľȥϢһԾ롣
ԺڣӢܼϤıܿ˱ͷŶ¥һ䷿ʣһ̨
Ĵ΢ŵģ͸ǴȥȴһݣۺɫĻü£вӹףɼ˵Ʒζܸߡ
ӵм䣬һľĴ󴲣ĵɫޱʱһŮӺ濴顣
Ů˴Լʮ꣬Ƥ壬ͬһ㣬üëϸֱͦӣϸС绨У͸Ÿ߹ϡ
ƺϴ裬ˮδɣԶˣһɫİ͸˯ۣ˯۹⻬˸׹尼͹֣һͷ㷢ٲ㳷Ƿĺ󱳺ͻԲļͷϣ첲࣬ѩۣ޹ǣźǰ˯ۿӺܵͣ˫ǰͻţг鹵˫ҲϸʱΪ任ƣ΢΢ƶţǺɫɴ˿ڿҲԼɼ
Ӣʱ̨ţŮ˸оӰζһȻ̧ͷӢܣȥ¶˾ϲ֮ɫӴϷɿ˴˵ӢܵĻԹĵɳ֪֪ÿ춼ڵ㡣
ӢʲôҲû˵ֻǰŮ˽§סȻǾ촽صӡϸСӣϡ
ŮƺѾѬˣǶ飬ıӢܼʵָеԵҵĻ
ԺŮѾǵЩϢӢܣӢѾ˼ɿӣ͵һѣ򴲱ȥ
Ů˱Ĳӣ΢΢ͷһߺҶһ૵ĵɳɳ
ӢҲʼȣŮ˱˴㿪ʼ£¶˽׳ȥŮ˵˯ۣûд֣һԻԲѩף΢΢͸鷿ѾΡΡĵ˳⾹һ츾˵Ϻڣһĺޡ
ȫ㣬һӢܳҰԵĽţŮȴ̬ٳѹֵģ˵ͣŤӭӢܡ
˼ͬʱﵽ˷嶥Ǵ죬һʱ˵Ӣ˴ͷŮ˾˳Ľͷ͹ʵؿϡ
Ӣֱܽ۳ͷĬĬŮˡ
÷ӢԼһҹĦгɢʱϵġʱ߹Ů˺һֱˣΪͼı죬ֽ˴ΣŮȴıڡ
ᣬӢ׼뿪ŮȴĦУҪһҾưȥ˵ҪȾƣӢܱģȻܾŮ룬㲻ٹڣһҾưɵİ
˰Ů˾˵Լ÷ӢӢܾ˸ɳ֡
ʱ÷ӢԵ÷ǳį˲پƣܿЩˣû̫Ļ˺Ȼľڰ˰˾Ƶ÷ӢܷҪǿ任˺üֵƣӢȴ˵ĿҰ־ø㡣
Ӿưɳ֮÷ӢѾָƽҲûԼ´ʲôʱԼ棬Լ͵˱ɽ¾ͽȥˡ
ӢܴʱѾµ÷ӢȻǽ˿ȸ˿ȸL鸾һֱƣ÷ӢܹסıͷһСʲôҪԱʱбڼ໤Ҫͱ͵飬ȻǺѡ
ȻӢܲͨˣһ÷ӢˣĦеɽ£ɵľͽԺŪӶ˳ʦס¥£¥
ӢܺȻڷ÷Ӣʱֻݣ֪Լһ󵨲ˣ˵˲ԼҪġ
˽Ѿ꣬ÿ֮ǰӢܶᵽ÷ӢΪŮˣܷɣ״̬ãҲʲô
÷ӢӢܵǰϢһôаװָؼḧţȻ̧ͷӢܣ˿ĵɳ㵽˭֪ûи
Ӣ⻬еĺ󱳵ҵ˭ôҪ𣿡
÷Ӣ΢΢ЦȥҪҾúҪˣҺ֪ɳ͸Ұɡ
ӢܳĬ÷ӢӣԲ鷿ѹϣֵ˵ˣģԿģɳʵһֱûи㣬ҵǳǴǴӾҶԸܴİҵ۹ⲻдģɳǸ˲ˣ㴴ᡣ


 008 (4)
Ӣ˭Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪ڻᣬҸҪ
÷Ӣǲģҧҧ촽ɳ֪ܽҿԸ㣬Ҳһܹ쵽㻹Ǹ˵˺Щ
һ˵⻰ӢܺȻɫһ䣬һƿžһⓁ˹ȥĵ÷Ӣסû˿ҪЮң˭Ҫңôһʧ
˵⻰Ѿ˴ʼ¡
Ӣܶŭ÷Ӣ֪ǸڲͬˣԼòȻ߹ޣLҪɫѣȴݣ˵Ӵ֮Ͳˣһգʱ´һѱסԲ𣬶ԲɳҴˣҲˣģҷġ
ž;
ӢʱѾ¿㣬÷Ӣͷˣпٹ
ȻҲһۣɴ̨ȥ
˱ӢܾͣĦеǿֶȥյȴһ㶣ֻվԼĦ֮ԣ¶Ħĺ档
Ӣ¶æӢܣңǿҪҸģҲûӡ
ϸӢܵͷѣ˸ỨĬĬߵǰӢܣ
˵Ѿȥ
Ӣ¶ЦЦҲŽȥˡ
һյأѾ¶͵Ӱӣ櫲ͣס˽ŲعͷӢܣղʲôطȥˡ
ӢܸͲȥһŮˡ
櫵ŮǲǸ˿ȸ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ
櫵Ȼһ˳ֵǽ˼ˣ
Ӣܵꡣ
櫵ʲôãΪʲôҪ
Ӣ̾һ櫣ѾˣѾһˣҪġ
ǣ仰櫺ȻԼtˣȻ󼫿Ľ⿪ɫ⻨֣һԷúܺãּͦٵ綹ޢ΢΢ŵ鷿Ѿǰɫ¹͸Ҷϣά˹Ůһ㡣
櫽תһȦô۾ӢܣƯǸ˿ȸƯ
Ӣæ櫣ʲô·ϡ
櫸ûжճյӢܣҰ㣬СʱͰˣѵ㲻֪㳤ˣҪʱǿԸģѵĸо˵˵ӢܳĬ˺һ󣬲ӵϼtĸϣʲôҲû˵ȥ
櫼ٶֻѣתӢܽнԶıӰӢܣҰ㣬ѵûһоһ
Ӣ櫵ĻȴǳһǸƯŮӣҴСһ𳤴Ҫ˵ûκθǼٵģܶ飬ܶ飬Ϊһɱ֣һδûнɱ֣κϵһ˶Ů˽飬ẦԼẦ櫣侲Ĵ£һʱʹܱ࣬һʹá
ӢһȻĦˣ¶ûиѾ櫵Ļ֪ӢܲûнİôԼĻˡ
˺һ櫲Ŵһһ˳Ȼۡ
¶æӭȥ櫣û°ɡ
ֻĬĬҡҡͷ
¶͵櫣ղѾˣӢǸʯͷˣô㣬ǸûиѪҰޡ
Ȼ˵⻰ղŻڳĬ櫣Ȼ̧ͷ֣ϓһ⣬ݺݵĵӢôңҵ£˵Ļ
¶ҲǶⓁסˣܿͷӦ˹ûжŭǳһıס櫣ﲻͣĵ櫣櫣֪֪ҲǺСʱͰˣӢܲҪ㣬ҪҵĹҵһС
ƺ뷢ŭ¶ͣſҡ
¶ʹʱģҲţҲţ櫣Ҫ֪Ƕôİ㡣
һ˵ţһͷȥȥǿ櫡
ʱɫһ䣬ͷһã˫ۣⓁ˹ȥ¶ͣʲôǲᰮ㣬İɡ
˵Ҳȥ첽ǰ·ȥ
¶㶵ԽԽԶıӰڲͣķŶȻ˫һеΪʲôΪʲôΪʲô
͵ȭԱߵһúɼǺɼͣĻζţ¶͵ȭͷҲѪ
һ󣬰¶ͽͣĿȴޱȵԹ֮ɫ૵ʲôӢܣҪŮˣ˶֪ӰƱȴĬĬţӢܣӢܣҺ㣬Һú㣬赲˵Ĺâû㣬Ʊһ˺£һͶҵĻӢܣһжҵģ㲻Ҫҡ
˵վӢʧķ򣬾ȭȭͷϻŵѪһڣȻһ˵˷ܣϣûǻԶģӢҲ⣬ûôԼͷӾ͵ˡ


 009 й
άѷеıһ˵Ĺ
Ӣܡ¶͡櫴ʱվһڣ󷿹ȥǳ䣬Ѿװɼ׵ÿı޿֮һɱֵӵģÿһţ޶ȵɱ˵ˣԼл档
ʱһµǹȺŴСǴĽ̹ټѪͷĿѶǰѵ
ǹǰµ˹˾glock19ǹǹߴ硢С׼ϻΪ15ǳЯѶǰŽǵϣΪɱ֣ԸͺŵͱϤǹͲͬĸҲϸ΢ı仯ϸ΢ı仯Ծӵ׼ȷԡ
Դº֮Ѿ΢ı仯ȻҶװ£ȴԵࡣ
һѶˣһʮӣȴʵҪһЩͷ΢ͺ۾ǳ䣬ӥӣ촽ܱЦ˺µӡ
ѶһӢܵ˾Ϳʼǰʮ׵İʮӵӢܴ˾ʮ˻¶ʹ˾ʮ廷ȴֻ˰ʮ߻
Ѷ˿˵ĳɼӢܵ˵ͷšһ԰¶ȴÿɷ񣬵櫣ȴǴѵ߳櫣ôˣⲻƽʱˮƽ㵽ʲô𣬲׼Էֱܹ¶ʹһΪֹ
Ӣ֪ЩЩ䣬æ̹٣ǰЩȾƶЩ岻ãǹɣ֮ڣұ֤¶ʹһ
ѶߵӢܵǰ棬һɱ˵ûʲôòõģκʱҪѵͷԣҪͱȻ
ӢһۣҲ˵ʲôܣҧҧĬĬװϵϻŰһΣȴ˾ʮǱȲϰ¶͡
ѶҲȥ櫣ӢܵӢܣһˣҪ˵
˵˳ȥ
Ӣܻ˰¶һۣҲȥˡ
¶ʧ۹⣬֪϶µˣҪƽʱѶܻ˽һ𽻴ȴӢܣҲ֪֯׼ôš
ӢܸѶ˹һ¾ɵ¥ȥǳİ칫¥ѶӢǵס޼Ÿʵĵط
¥һ䴦õ÷ǳªķѶӢһɳ֮ϣԼĶ£Ӣܣ֪ΪʲôÿжҪһ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷΪɱжҪϵģԤƵʱ仯һ˺Ӧԣ˺ɹĻҪһ˵жʮϡ
ѶšһȻҸոսӵһµ֯Ҫ㵥ִУǴϰ԰ŵġ
Ӣ΢΢һ㶵ʲô񣿡
ѶûشֻǵӢܣʱйʷѧôˣ
ӢܵйŴʷҲѾ˴Ե˽⣬ҶĵòҲһ֪
ش⻰ѾµʲôѶ̹٣ѵδɱĶй𣿡
Ѷֻ¶һ룬ȷйִУ֯Ŀǰûаɱκεˡ
Ӣܶʱ棬֯Ҫʲô
Ѷ˵йϼ𣿡
Ӣҡҡͷ
ѶϼĿǰйҵţܲý漰ҵǳ㣬Ҫ֧ҵ֣йģѾֱֶ꣬йһߺǣҲµֹ˾
ӢܴʱҲ²͸ˣ֯ȥʲôѵҪܲҪ޶𣿡
ѶǸܽƻصˣĹϵҲܸӣѾʧ˺öˣִϼŵĴ
Ӣ¶ɻ֮ɫҲ£ֱӵ֯Ҫȥй¡
Ӣæֱӣϸš
Ѷһ£ʧ֮ԡ
ӢܵͷѶڶ¾ҪһЩ֯Ҫ̵ʱŪϣԼļŹ˾
ӢһʱУֻһɱ֣ҪЩϵ֯Ӧרҵʿȥ
ѶΪʲôУӢܣ֯ûһɱ֣ҲỨô˼ô˽ѧʣϰر𽻴ɡ
Ӣ˼һãȥþǡ
ѶشöȻɴ࣬ˮҲ¶ѵõЦݣӢܣȻҵѧкܶ˲߱ǱʡңǸҵˣ֯ᣬҪúõİգҪʧ
˵վߵݽǣһȡ˸ţƤݵӢܵݣպˡ
һֽйֻˣֻҪȥݵ֣ͻõ
ӢܽţƤڿӹֽ飬ͽǸסȻͳһȼջ١
ѶֵϰҪҽһ仰Ҫȥйúᡣ
Ӣܵʲô
Ѷйȫ˿ĹңҲȫĵطúãõ񲻵ĳɾ͡
ӢܵͷãҼסˣ̹٣֯Ҫʲôʱȥй
ѶߣѾڹˣ͵ɵй㲻شκζϸ׼һЩңֻҪйղסǸ绰ʲôŪ
ӢҲû뵽ô죬û˵ʲôֻ̹٣ȥйҪܳһʱ䣬Ҫ¶Ǹһ𡣡
ѶͷҲãһ볤һҵѵһִ񣬻ûзֿȥ˵һ°ɣסҪ̫ã㡣
ӢܴӦһ¥Űгȥ
˰г⣬ͼڲͣĿ۶¶;վһš
Ӣ˹ȥ¶ͣ櫣ҪȥִһԼౣء
׼Ȼ˵⻰ֶʱһӵ˰УתʲôҪһȥʲôʱ
¶ҲǰѶ̹ٸղŽ㣬Ҿ֪£ô֯Ҫ㵥жˣҺ櫱𣿡
ӢҡҡͷβȥɱˣҪɱ£ǴϰԵģʲôʱͲ֪ˣҪܾá
ܾá֣һܾãΪʲôҪܾãÿγȥʮͻ𣿡
Ӣܻر۹⣬βһҪȥйҲȥͬ޷ʱ䡣
Ѫйأ֯ͬҲǲ˵ģ˲ܴ¶۹ȴһȻʲôʱߣ·й
ӢܵϣѾгˣ͵ɹȥ
ɫһô죿
Ӣܵû취֯Ѿźˣ˵һ¶ͣҪִһҪչһЩ
¶͵ͷģһġ
ȴߣ˭Ҫġ
˵ű㽫һתǹǰ۶ûһǹ߻ϡ
Ӣ֪ʹСӣЦЦİ¶͵ļ磬˳ȥ
˹֮⣬Ѷһʮ꣬ƤڵվһԽҰԱߵţˣһָӢܣͼܣ͸ȥһжѾźˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷͼ˳˸ʻϡ
ڳһǣѶкȻֳ֮⣬ڳߵӢܣϰ񲻵ģúøɣҵɹ
ӢֻüЦѶ˻֣Ѿ˦˺


 010 
LһںСйˮͨͼܴӢܿĳ͵
ϣ磬ȴĲûʲôˣͼֱܽӿ˶ɿڣͣһ洬ģ
ͼͣ˳Ӣȥ洬һʮ˸ƣ͸Ͻϰ壬Ѿźˣһھߡ
ͼܵӦûʲôɣ£С
æû⣬û⣬Ѿʮˣû£˵ˮҵֵܣʲô״֪ͨҵġ
ͼܵ˵ͷҾͽˣǮ֪ʲôطðɡ
ֵ֪֪ϰ壬ͷĺˣܳôߵļǮһ𡣡
ͼܡšһóһǮиӢܣָӢܣɶȣѾźˣЩǮţǱţ֯϶аš
ӢܽӹǮдãͼܾ˴ǣųȥˡ
ɶȴһ¸ߴ뺷ŵӢܣ¶η֮ɫڵĽӭܿһ̲裬ϰ壬ЪţһǾߡ
˵ֳȥˣһһ߾Ĺ۲Χһж
ɫİɶһ࣬޽ڹͷӢһͣȳ극ѾһƬҹĻҲϴɶһ֣Ѿ¿ʼê𺽡
ǾĸװģȻȲϿͧͨ洬ȴҪϡ
ɶȵ˶·Ǽˣգһ͵˿ˮ档
Ӣʱվڴͷܣɶ̣˹ϰ壬ģ㿴йǱߡ
˵һָ
Ӣ˳ָȥȴǰ׵ĵطԼԼֳ˵ƻɶֵҲһС򣬲йľǿɲܴȥҪûʲôˡ
˵ţȴźһ޴ĴֻȻǼǿҵĹֱõȸLǰĴֻܼͣ顣
ɶɫһ䣬ϾµĶӢܵû£û£벻ôùмˣҵֵܣӾͷŹȥˣҿûٸǮϰ壬Ƚգȥ棬һ˵һľˡ
˵⻰һ֣ʻ¾Ľͣ
Ӣɫ˿δ䣬仹õǱglock19ǹ˵ͷߵ˴
ûƬ̣ҾĿͧ洬ΧסһȺ˿ٵ
Ӣܼǰ˸ǹʵźķģõȴLﳣõĳǹֹӦöѵصľɣȴֻ˺棬Ѿ֪ԾֱһѾǹС
ʱɶҲҪѯʣͼǰһ˾ųǹؿھһӵȥɶȵǰʱһѪڵϡ
ɶȱɷ˵Ĵļ¶񣬷׷׾ִӼʻǹǹͶͶ
Ȼ˸һֻ߳һա֮ѾȫԵ˼װϣѪѾΧȾ顣
ӢʱѾĸоЩ˵ĿԼȻŰΧ֮УҲңľ˴յź
˿ϴľԽԽ࣬ʱĺôϸѰ˻Ȼǹ
Ӣ֪⴬ʱԽԷͻγȫİΧԼĻԽСȹ̲ŵϣȻȻ˴ߵţ顱ǹÿһǹһ˵Ķͷϡ
ǹӢܺսţһֻաһ죬ӵѾ˽յĸϰٸѾóһƬ
ʱ˷׷ױ߶ӢѾɿ뵽ұߵĹ۾£վ⡰һǹ۾͵Ļ飬ȻԾ˳ȥûеǰļ˷ӦѾˮ
Ŀˮеľ˶˹ţųǹˮһɨΧˮ汻ͬűһ㣬ÿҴϵ̽յƶˮţӢˮ֮Ѿ硣
ˮµɨ߰˷ң˵ѪѪӰѾǹˡ
ֹͣϸˮ棬ȻһѪ˴ʮ˷½½ˮȥҿͧһ֮⣬ҾͿʼڸˮ
ԼһСʱˮľѾȴһ񣬶ҿͧҲûз룬һµóĽǣǸųʧֵĳѪһɱӰѾУʬˮףӦ֮ɳǱˮԱˮ״ʬ塣
ʱҶʼ¶ϲɫжǰ˾ѾӰּΣյ뵱УܹѺˣҲڼڶͳԸǰһö¡


 011 ˭(1)
йsеһҽԺ
һʮҽһʮҽվһӵĲǰǲһ£ͭɫƤ峤󣬱뺷ʵˣͷȴźɴ
ҽʦ˵ܲѣ
ҽһ˵ӵĺﴩûд͸ô񾭵ıԵ϶ܴܺӰ죬ҪӵȡǼΪӣҽԺļ豸ԶԶġ
˵ֵˣ˵ݵûУ
ҽЩ͵ҽԺʱֻһ֤zеˡ
ҽǴϵҼϽһۣ˭ǹˣһ򵥣ǽֻн˵ӷķҲǰúܣͨǿ϶ġ
ҽǾ˵һֱҪȥˡ
ҽ˵ĴԲûб𻵣ֻܵѹȣڵʲô̶ȣûа취½ֻۣй۲һʱ˵ˣڻǵȾɡ
˵Ż߳䷿ȥѲȥˡ
ԼʮӺӺȻĴȴ¶ãȻ֮ɫ˴Ь߳˷䡣
ӣȻӢˣԾˮеһǣѾжϵķǳֻ굽洬ĵײܱܿ˴ӵ
ǴˮϾһ̣ûеףԾͱǹһӵУӢųеǿʹ࣬ɿĴ洬´˹ȥŲ¶ˮ棬Ǹ̲ܺӹL˵йȥ
ȵƴȫ˰ƣߣԺҲʼˣɳ̲ϣйĵϣҹ͵ҽԺ
ӢܴʱʹããһƬʲôҲ벻ˣͷϲŵɴ˺ֻ֪ɵǰߣ۲ԼʶĵԱһҽ칫ȡһ״Ӵϣ滹ҽıδ󺺣ȥ
ܿͳҽԺĴţӢܺĿǰţǸȫİĳУŬԼļ䣬ȴֻһЩģģӰӣһˣͷʹѡ
֪һ죬ҹĻsи¥ѾǻƳϣֵϳַǳ
ӢܴʱѾߵһҹнϣڽֱߣЩ·С̯ԼȺӵŮȻֳһЩϤĳֳһּš
Ӣƴȥץסּ䣬һ˼ͺȻը˰ģ޴ʹϮʹıͷڽֵ߲ͣҹ
ʱԶŮһ賵˹
ʮͣһеȸӣϸ첲ϸȣǵͷȴĸ𣬻Ⱦɻƺ֮ɫ䴩˿ףһʽһƤʿӡ
ŮǱдһ꣬һӻɫtŰɫţп㣬㷢΢΢ĲˣĹüëϸϸͦͦССƯ֮Ƥѩϸ壬ˮˮ۵ƺǴƣر˫۾رĴĺ峺ӯӯǻ˵һŮķʣǸС
һŮ͵ӢڵĵطӢڵϽŴʱҿϽ㣬ǵĵлռˡ
Ӣܵͷñһ˳ںӰʱڵϹˣѾͷ棬ټϴİ״ӣԵòײ࣬ȷؤ졣
ʱŮιܣƽʱǴԼǸлȥߡ
ˣϽ㣬Сһ׮Ұƽ
˵žߵӢܵߣýż˼ιлӣԣ·ҿҪڴ˴·ǮҪ͸ҹ
ӢʱԴѾûôʹˣվ
ӢôһվֻıǼ⣬ټȻϬСɽһʱһ
ܱܵסˣŮȴɿĳ˹ӢܾһƵιӣҵܵܣÿ춼̯ҪǮҲԶһЩ
Ӣһۣߵһߡ


 012 ˭(2)
û뵽ؤŮߡһк̯ܵܰȴһըļԱ߷һЩǩõ衢Ϻ֮࣬⻹׵۵ӡ
ں̯ӣ˾Ϳʼ˰СʱҲֻȥһϺ
ܿйٽˣһԼ
ŮʱһµóԹÿζԵıĻ࣬ˡ
Ȼ˵⻰ȴᣬг˰
Ͻ㣬ҿⲻôʲô裬ûʲôⰡ
Ůһŵ⻹㲻ʲôѧᣬ㣬Щ궼Щʲô˵޵׬Ǯȥְרûһͺ˼Ҵܱˣ˵ȥ˿ȥУɸ·ײˣһǮǰʱ˵ҪԼѧ磬ָõĵԣأÿ˴ϷͿЩȥ߰С˵ʲô˵
˽䣬Ҳǲ˼׵ٺ٣콫˹Ҳǣµˣչں棬Ͻ㣬͵ɡ
Ůޡ΢ҾˣƷԱɿɲͣûͬ·ߵưɣÿµнˮɱǶһأЩ껹ȫˡ
Ͻ㣬֪Һãģģһҷ˲ƣһҴ̳㣬Ҫʲôʲôٸһľưɣxo㵱Ȫˮȡ
Ůǡ͡һЦһ̾ܣʵʲôҲҪֻϣܳɳҸܹԼҾ͸ˡ
ҿܹԼϽ㣬Ҳ̫Ʋ˰ɣһұŴѴѵĳƱ㿴
Ů֪Լܵܵӣ̾һȴû˵ֿʼߺûʲôЧ
ĵϽ㣬ⲻӦôţп㡣
ŮΪʲôţпʲôã
ȻãӦôɫĶȹӣȥ¶һ¶ұ֤ЩҪŶǵ裬㲻ûҪһÿͶ
Ůʱͷ˸Сӣɫ鿴ˣ¶ȣҲó
ЩίĴеô벻Ͻ㣬ҽͷ濴һ̯飬Ůι˵ʮҪ㲻Ҫ˵Լûͷ˯ġ
Ůѩ׵̷ƣִһµҪˣܣ˭ҷҵĶ
ꡰٺ١ЦϽ㣬֪һֱݿӵ꣬ؼҲûʲôԣҾһ¡
Ůʲô£
ϴǸbenzĹϰ壬Ҳǧɣ㣬ô
ŮޣǸϰֳ󣬿ҿˮҪˣˣ޸
ãǳϰأǷ˰ɣ㻹Ƕ˼ԩһ
Ůֵϰͽ˻ģ׷ңֻҸ鸾ҲŲ
һֵ̯ǻƨϵ㲻ϲ˻Ĳɣǳ˧ǮȴϣϽ㣬Ǳؼ׶
ŮкȻֳһ㽵ĹâܣҲţһ죬һһĽ
Ͻ㣬˰ɣĿǧҪôߣǸǺų޵һӣǻҼʯ壬ΧתŹ㣬߹֮ŮŮǿǶ಻ʤֽһûǲָġ
ŮҲЩ٣̾̾ǱȲҲܱ̫࣬ܣѵҳñЩŮ˲𣿡
㣬ǳƯҪپĴ磬ЩҿҲȲ㣬ط̫Сһ찡
˵ŻȻûʲô⣬ĵýбƳӢܻûߣڽֱ߷˹ȥιֵܣչԵķϣһ飬ôĸͷнţ̲ͣǮģȥһ·ٴһͷһСŮˣһڳ̽ףǮڻվ͵ˣ˼ҼôһؾصĴ˿Ͱ͵ҪǮźӸȻͬ飬ҳֲͣһëëģҪƤݼңһ͹һڡ
˵һϯӢȴûʲôӦιӣ˵ûУ
ӢȻ𣬵ܵķӦȴûжʧȫܹ̧ͷ˵ʲô
ԼôһƪȫǶţ٣׷˴࣬ɵģܿ췢Ӣ죬㶣ֵιӣʲô֣
ӢŬţͷЩʹҡҡͷҲ֪
ֵʲôط
ӢܻҡͷҲ֪
ʱˣعͷȥԽϽ㣬ԭǸɵӡ
ŮʱҲ˹Щ͵ӢܵҿҲǡ
ӢһûнʳѾúˣǰжɳԣ˹ȥץһѾ˵ģ͹ϵͳԡ
Ҳû뵽ӾȻô̻ʵĲһͽʮȫ˸һʱ䶼ĿɿڴȵӦӢѾӵеһǩӣѾǱˡ


 013 ҶϽ(1)
ӢܽаͣŮһ˹ȥҪȥ·뵽̫࣬Ͻ֣۵ιӣҪҪԶҲкͰǮûҲû׬Ǯ𡣡
ӢʱѾʼЩѣϷҵƤͲ֪˭ˣǮûǮ
ʱϽ㣬ûԴЩ㶺ǻ¿ˣҪһЩ
Ůҧҧ촽˶ţˣˣй˥ģⲻã˳˰ʳܣʰǻؼҡ
ûã˾ͽʰˣȥƲͳ
˭֪ǡһͳȻһԭǺһֵˡ
һܾɵۣ⳵һǲͳͲܹߵˣҪ˰æǡ
ȻʱŮƵȻվԭصӢܣ۾ʱһСܵߣݺݵĵιӣɲܰ׳ԣǵĲͳˣ̧һ̧
ӢһƬң֪ʲôطȥŮĻ˵ͷǲͳȥסһ̧ûʹʲôͽǰн
໥üŪ۵¶Ц⣬ҿӣģû׳ô׳һֻܸ߾ǡ
˵ѾͽӿŲǰ档
ҹУԼ˰СʱͽһƧĽֵķĽֵҪһЩһЩͰһЩ˴ŴҲǼӡ
߹һΰ͹ƽЩˮ·㵽һשɵƽߣŮͳԿ״ţӢܽǲͳƵ
˵ط˻ֵãӣ裬˳ǵһʹ㰮͵ȥɡ
ȻʱȴŮæӣȵš
˵ȴѵܵһߵܣи⣬ɵĴ
¶˾֮ɫڽĶͷһϽ㣬Ƿ˰ɣʲô
Ů¶һЦⶼ²룬ȻɵģͦҰ첻ڼңһֻ֪ǼжûҲ֪ҵĹҪƤֲ̫ڵĻҪķҪǮӣ£ǹԣǲǽʡһʿ֧ˡ
һʱ˽ͼ˴ķָϽ㣬ӢӢ벻ã׼һӶ
ܶһۣ̲סż磬ļЦ
ʱߵӢܵǰӣãҽ㿪ǼסԱҪ£ûУͬĻ͵ͷ
ӢһƬãȻԾ͵˵ͷ
ܼͷЦŶԻһƣӢ˽ݡ
һϵķӣǳмǿͷ䣬ǽܸԵңҲʮƽʰõҲɾ
ӣҼסǼҵӶˣҴҶ𻪣Сܡ
ָŮֵҵϽ㣬ҶٻǾˣʲôҪʲôɲ͵ûУˣҿɵģԺͽɵûɣ
ӢܴʱȻŬ䣬ĻҲû壬û𻰡
ʱŮҶٻüͷܣɵȫģЩʭӽȥϴϴ˳Ҽ·
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬Ҳ룬ɵô׳ô£ܴҵ·ǲ̣𡣡
ҶٻԶԣܣ㵽ȥװ̯ĻڼҴ
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬·ҪǮֿˡ
ҶٻЦȥǰͶʣɵһõģˣڡڿʲôҲ򡣡
Ҷ𻪴Ӧһȥˡ
ܵܳȥҶٻʹӢܵ䣬ɵԼϴ裬ܺܿͻ
˵ž͹š
ӢվİĻʱͷѾûôʹˣһЩȥļҲǵĸԼһңͬԼСһ𳤴󣬶ƺǹɱˣЩƬȴ޷
һЩȱʧѾָ˳̬оϺܲ·šˮأҵԡͿʼϴ


 014 ҶϽ(2)
һ󣬾ͼҶһ·˽ɵԼ
ʱѾˮͷӢܵò壬ʱס˵ҿɵòУϵƯ˭Ƶġ
Ӣ֪ܵ벻
ҶѾоɵ񲻼򵥣壬ʱԲλ࣬Ͻ·˳ȥڿҶٻϽ㣬ЩԾҿɵϻ㲻ùȥĴ֣ñˣһöɵˣô죿
ҶٻˣνĵҹǺỹǰᣬ֮ѾɵˣܹǼ¾Уɣܣǹ۲죬Ҫʲô͸ȥ˵ô
ҶЩĵĵһȻô죬㣬ǿɲĶ֡
ҶٻһҲǣȷЩðգðɣߡ
˵ţӢѾϴ裬˳ïʢĺڷţŨüۣȻƲϾ£ǷһͭɫƤʵǳľȣ˿µҼϣȻ֯ŵԵÿҰˣŮ˵һ˵
ҶٻҲû뵽ղǸͷĴɵֳ˵ıɫڵϼЩԸģҲûɵҲɴ۾
ֺɫŮˣܿͷӦ֪ӵȷǱΣյأιɵмҪ㡭
Ȼûе˵꣬ӢѾߵҶ𻪵Ǽ䷿еĴϣ˯һһҹ˵Ҳʵ̫ƣˡ
ڴϺ˯ӢܣҶٻҶɵۣһɳϡ
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬ѣɵˣвң̰Сˡ
Ҷٻһ󣬴һͷ̰Сˣǻ㲻ÿ¶ҪôǮΪ˽ʡĿ֧ȥһ׺һ¥סڡô죿
Ҷ𻪼һżȦҲЩˣ뵽ЩûûҹǮȫԼõŪò࣬ҲǲϽϽ㣬Բ𣬸ղǾ仰ջأ㲻ôСɡ
ҶٻߡһͷܣҿǻǱˡ
Ҷҡҡͷô˵ˣɵǽнģɵʲô֪ˣҲʲôǻǿ˵
ҶٻҲ֪鷳ͷðɣһϣ˯ɳסһЩ
Ҷ𻪿šһҶٻ͸һױͷŵɳϡ
һҹߣ˵ڶһ磬ҶٻҪϰȥˣ֮ʱŵܵǧҪǸں˯ĴӣҪʲô£ֻ
Ҷ𻪴ӦţȵһߣԼӣһ۴ϵӢܣʹԱߵĵԣһһеyyС˵ûи£Ҫ֪Űվĸ߼vipÿͬʱʮϵС˵ҪǮ£Ǿܸ˵ģһٳпڼҲҪǮԼȥȡǡ
߿߷Ѿ»дʹߣʹš֧֣ͣҶ㡱֮۶͵û»дƵߣʹ̫ࡢȥɡ֮۶ͼģͼһˬ֡
С˵Ҷֿʼcsˣǿɲǲ񣬽㲻˵ԼûʲôϢҪǿһһԼǹµĵˣͻ֪Ǹǵġ
ʱȴ洫һ󼱴ٵ
Ҷ૵һ䣺ģ˭
ߵȥš
ǵһ򿪣Ҷɫһ䣬˫žЩ
ԭʱվʮ꣬״꣬ÿ˶ĺҪˡ
վǰһഺ̣ĺʵ꣬һҶ𻪿ţҶ𻪣Ҳģ㵽ʲôʱǱʸô㡣
ЩˣҶѾˣЦɸ磬ûж㰡ֻ⼸岻ڼϢ
ǽдɸ͵һϣ۵Ҳ٣岻ݶ巢鰡Ǯ׼ûУ
Ҷһίĵɸ磬ϴҴ̨򣬿û˵ҪǮһô󡣡
ǴɸˣҲƨ۶ǮӻСִ̨ô£ˣһӶҲ١
Ҷ𻪶ʱǰ˵壬ôֱˣ
ɸǰԹԵĸȻ壬Ҽ죬ڼǮˡ
Ҷ𻪵Ҳûôװ
ɸģףôֵܣǺ簡
ôһ˵Щ궼ҽƺҪҶ𻪱һ١


 015 ʧϴ(1)
Ҷ𻪸Ǻˣ󡭡ɸ磬֪ģҳ˻ûôǮ
ɸʱЦûǮаôˮģҾ˿ûǮǮ
Ҷ𻪼æûУûУЩǮҽ㲻ֳ󣬾˼ҽ飬һҲûϣ˵˵˵͵ĶһûҪ
ɸʱĹâ̬ȿʼͰЦҶ𻪵ļСӣָ·˵ծһʹ
ҶѵüɸĴ飬ܳɸ磬˵ֻҪˣҸʲôҿɲС
ɸȻһҶ𻪵ͷģСôŧѵһȥι˵ֲֲ󣬶ûн飬ô
ҶȻһæɸ磬㲻˵Сʶҽ㣬԰Ҫϲֱ˵ǣòҰɡ
ɸȷҶٻһϹ԰ֻʱĴɸű飬Ҳûг룬Զ磬һβ֪ʲôҶٻڵϺݺkһ٣üҶٻҪԶԶĶһߡ
ɸ֪Ҷٻηӣһ̵õ壬Ȼ׵ǣڻȴˣ۾һתҶ𻪵ļֵܣ֪ɸƤģȻϲ㣬Ļȴ˵ڣɣ迨okȥʱ㣬ҪװǽܺõӣϸҺȾƣֻҪˣǵʲһʹҽʲôʱԱҴɵֵܣȫ˭Ҷ㣬ҲƽҶв֪ɵĹǾԵĴҩýɼȦף£ԼôܸɣæĴУС
ɸʱ͵һ䣬ץסļͷһУôУ
ҶʱѾȫˣʱȻĴɵɵüǣоǲУΪҽѾˣҡѾ˻顣
ɸɫһ䣬׷ʵ˭˭
Ҷ𻪵hе磬ʮҹܻᣬʮ¶ĳһǧֵܣҿԳֿȭһʮɡ
HйĹҵУҶ֪Ҳûȥ㱨䳡ӡ
ɸһ㶣ž͹Ц˼Ҷ𻪵ͷģСӣͦİʲô綼ˣһǧֵܣú˰
ôһ˵Щ궼Цֽ
Ҷ𻪴ʱѾﻢ£Ȼ˯ȥơ
˵žһָ
ɸЦúãҾȥݻݻò˵硣
Ҷһƣ˽ȥ
û߼͵Ҷ𻪵ķ䣬һ뺷˶ʱӡ
ɸƵӢܵӣҲһҶһ۵ʲô磬ôסУгɡ
Ҷ𻪵Ȼǣԭǿ˹˹ʮֵģֻҽ㲻ϲ̫˵ϲҪһûǮ˵˵Ҫĳ⡣
ɸ˵Ѿô˯Ĵϣ
ҶæҽɲôˣǶ飬ɻûн飬ȻҪֿ˯ˡ
ҶȻ˵ͷͷǵɸ紳꣬ҲôúŪģֻĻٳЦһٺ٣˯һ˵ʲôһʮҿСҲʱðѼ
Ҷ𻪼Ӣܻ˯Ҳż֣ȾƺȸˣȻѲˣƽʱɲ
һ˵ţһ߱ȥӢܣȻʼղ˵Щʱûϸ˼ҪɵһɵģҪøѿˡ
Ӣһֱڳ˯ţڲͣĳһЩѪȵξҲֻеԼһڰĶþõĵ˾ͷ
ʱӢʱԼĴΧһȺˣҶſڴͷԼ򣬴ɸ㣬ġ
ȻüŪ۵Ĳ֪ڸʲôɻ
ӢܾһҹϢ˲ּЩģͷԵķӦû𣬼Ҷӣ֪죬㡰šһ䡣


 016 ʧϴ(2)
ǴɸӢƼԼ˺ţһĵټòȣȻϴ֮磬뵽ҶٻƯˣʲô˹ϣһʱ仹hе硣
Ӣһʱ״֡šһ
Ӣһ˦Լӣɸ͸ˣ磬Ƿ˵ĶծȻǵϵˣȻ֪أ˵ô죿
ҶӢ˵¶ڣæɣҽ𴲣㣬ʲô£ʱ̸
Ҷæɸˣ磬˵hлòʮҹܻᣬʮ¶ĳһǧֵܣһԳֿȭһʮֵµĵҲ̡
Ҷ𻪰⣬УҽʲôˣôǶ֣ǵʮ¹˵
ɸԽԽ٣һҶ𻪣СӣеƭңȻʰ㡣
˵һ׳ʹʹɫ˽֣ǸĴܰƽʱ磬Ҫ
֣͵ŴˣɫһҽţڴϵӢܵСȥ
Ȼһţԭڴƺ붯ӢܺȻһͷŭıӰ㶯һϥ֮磬ȹĵطֻáꡱһ֣ɱĲҽУѾ浹ȥ
⻹û֣꣬ûеڵϣɵҲûзӦӢѾѸ׵缲ĵ𣬻ȭƣ˴ϵ֮ûʶıɱ֮ģȻ˲䶼ˣ
ɸֻӢӰһԼ͵ڵϣڵϣŸоԼĲʹޱȣһߣѾ˿Ťת۵ѾֹסŲԼļֵҲһصĵҹĶײһء
ɸʱѾ֪ղųֵ˾㲻hе磬ҲǱʲôԼùˣɵñ߿ޱߵ졭硭ҲǡҲǿЦôô͵ˡ棬Ҳ΢΢е˰ɡ
ɵһ֣ɸƬ֮ȫ£Ҷ۾ֱˣðŷӦŴɸ˵ģɣ͸˵ˣһʮǲţɹֲң㣬Ǽܻžҽˣãá
һοʢ˵ĸ˵Ǻ⣬ֻ͵͵ɫȻԼɻҲԶˬ
ɸ羱ǶۣʹͶˣְ磬磬ףͷ̧ͷķϣ绰ноȻʵܲˣˡ
ôһ˵ҲҶ
ҶҲŪ̫󣬱ɸ磬绰оȻԣǮ˵ø˭
ɸ˵ˣæżż
Ҷ𻪵ҿɸ磬齫治ǸǵģӻԺ̽ңiyou
ŴɽѾͳֻͨ˼ȵ绰
ûãʹ˾ȻġડҶ˳ȥһҽ̧ܽж¶˲֮ɫҲɲʣֿΣ˶̧˳ȥǡડԽԽԶˡ
ȵȻһߣҶҲﲻס٣ɵİǱǿһ־ɱ
˵⻰Ȼ뵽ԣæԲɲǴɵϴϴ󡣡
ӢҲ֪Լ˭ȥļǲˣһͷʹ
Ҷһֵ֪ˣʧ֢ӰﾭֵģҿϷϾС
һ˵ţһڵôʧ֢ȥҳһ߿һʧֽ֢ΪüͣмЪʧ䡢ȫʧ⡢ѡʧ֡
ϸŵЪʧָǳģ仹Ǳ˼дţʱỽ䣬Ҳ˵϶ʱʱȫ벻˶УֻǺᣬϴӺᰡ
ֵȫʧԲȫ𣬶ûκεķӦǾȫɵˣϴôģҲʺ㡣
Ƶ棬һֵϴţѡʧһܵⲿ̼ԲܵײһЩԼԸǵõӱܵ˻ѡʧ֮һʱʧ䣬ڴܵľײԻѪѪѹסּ񾭵ʧ䡣ȵųѪ󣬾ͻָ䡣ϴҿһ֣Ҫô˴̼ҪôǱ˴ͷ
ӢʱҲ˵ϣЩȫϵãҲ˼Ǿƫƫ벻ԼĹȥ
Ҷ𻪴ӵվߵӢܵ󣬵ϴԴûУ
ӢܱǵϣҶ𻪲鿴
Ҷ𻪸һÿͷʹҿˣϴһ˿ڣһŻô󣬸ոս̣ûãҲ֪ʲôġ
ӢһȻһЩʪѪ̣һͷֿʼʹ
Ҷ𻪼Ӣʹı飬æȥ㷿¾ʹҩ£ֹʹҲЩЧ


 017 ʧϴ(3)
һӢܹȻʹˣӡࡱܣзûУҶˡ
ҶٻôУȻѿڶ
صʧϴȻôеĽԼСҶ𻪵Ĺͷ˼֣æУҽÿϻҪЩҵڶųԣţȥŪ
ܿܵСĳ׼ȷȻ뵽Ǹɵ㲻ʲôϵĴʱʧ䣬պȻлָĿܣǿԼĻˣʱƨźţָʱʣʣôТδϴ
һˣҶܽķ䣬һ¹İóһƤУȻͳüŴƱӢ˵һϴٵȵȣһͻ
˵վһ̵ĳš
ӢܼҶ𻪳ȥڵԵƶ굽ûϵӢĸЩʶıܣȻǳϤֻҵʲôܹԼϢ
ڵԵĸҳ˺һȴһããȴ죬Ҷ𻪴Ľкϴ󣬿кóԵġ
ӢܴʱѾŵŨĲ㣬˳ȥֻҶСŸַУķˡ
Щһ򿪣ֲȱ¶˳ռѼȻмʡ
Ҷһ߲ŶͷϵĺһߵϴЩиҾ¥ĲˣҴ˺üҸģ㳢
ݹ˿ӡ
ӢҲӹӵãܣҲһԡ
˵žͶÿӽʳLҲ⣬Ӣܲû˿¶Ǵӹӡ
ҶӢܽʳʱȴûзʳϣӢܵı飬ƺǳ⣬Ҳеοûаһν뻢Ѩɵûӣ᲻úײǣڻѪպ˵԰ٱǧûƱעԽ࣬нĻرԽ󣬽㲻ǳ˵ûϢôĻ־հԶҪѣһˡ
극ӢȻȥѰҼ䣬Ҷ𻪾ͺĵĽйĸʡվĸ⣬Ӣܸͺӡ
˺һӢվﻷһ£ܣͽ𣿡
Ҷʱȴ¶Ȼ֮ɫһְ־뿪űŮ˼ңǰ͵˷ΰѪˣҽ㱾ɼͦõģΪңֻѧڼңȥҹϴҽõĽ㣬Ҳ֪ԼģˣԼҲܲסԼͰ¡
ӢҶٻ־ǿӣ˵ͷȷӺҲС
ҶͷǵȻϴ㲻֪ҽĿɲ٣˭űߣСиºţĸϻ˭˭ù
һ죬һһֱŪֻһ죬ȴҶٻص
ֻһеܣܣҪôĶ
ҶæӢܵϴ󣬴ɵɱᣬҽҪ֪ǵϵģһ׼Һһ𣬵ʱˣ㻹Ǳ״̬á
˵žʹҴ˳ȥֻŸɫƤûгԵ֮һĲȷѾз࣬æϽ㣬ôǼ˹ֲͣڼңҵȻҪ֮ˡ
Ҷٻ۵˭
ҶһָϡǴɵ
˵⻰գһ˵⻰ҶٻʱʲôǸɵʲôͣܣԴҩǱɵȾԴҲ㶺ˡ
ҶҪһˣý㾪ϲȻ˵ʲô㣬㲻ǳҲҪƲ𣬴ɵȻԴЩ⣬ҲͦģӶ˺ü죬ҺúддҲĻİ
ҶٻָһˣúдһõǮ㹻һڵнˮˣѵҲ㲻֪ЩС
˵ȴû˵ȥֻһߵɳϣ΢΢ۣ첻
ҶҲЩֽ޴룬ͶЦҶٻߣĸ첲Ͻ㣬֪࣬ȫõĽ㣬׬Ǯһúõ㣬ʲôҲڼʲôͳʲô
ҶٻʱҲСЩˣԼܵҲûа취ݺһµʲôҲڼʲôͳʲôҳԳɷŰ
˵žЦӰɫƤóһܾµֻܣ㲻һֱ˵Լֻ˲ÿô칫˾ǰµɣ͸ˡ
Ҷ𻪼ǿֻԼһֱҪģɵôϲҶٻһµϽ㣬ȻȫõĽ㣬ȫõĽ㡣
ҶٻܵܿģԼҲܸˣͷƨЩҾˡ
վҪȥȲˡ
ȴӢѾվ˿ţʱݺݵĵһۣߣõܵϺһԼѪǮ


 018 ʧϴ(4)
ӢѾ˽ĶԻҶٻҲ⣬ƣȥϵĲ׼ȥҶȴµŪֻһüܣ㵽ȥŪϢ
Ҷ𻪼Ҳ룬ŶһֻϽ㣬ϢȥŪ
ȶȥˡ
ҶٻƵһ㶣ʵ벻̫߳ɵһ仰ʮָմˮĵܾܵȻԹԽ˳ʮ漣
ʱߵӢܵǰ˰ϸСʱ򿴹һƻõӣǸܹӶ˵Ե粨˵˼άɵĪͬࡣ
ǿ˰죬ɵͨ˲ûʲôѵɵܴȾܵҲɵˣǸղԼ˵ʱͦ飬ƽʱҲûвͬ
˼⣬ɵ˵ʵʲôˣ
Ӣҡҡͷļǲˣ˵ԴиӦǵʱʧ֢
Ҷٻ˵ͦɵ׵ˣ͵ơ
ӢӣҶٻߵıÿͷȻһѪ̣ţɫͻصǰǲǵʲôطˣʲôĵط
Ӣҡҡͷǲˡ
ҶٻɳϵˣˣҲʣ㲻ҪָһǮ㿴˵ֲķøߵúܣһεúãǲˣ㲻ȥǸ󻵵ǲ˻Щ
˵Ҽϵһۡ
Ӣ֪ܵģȽˣҾߣٴ
Ҷٻ˵ͷ⻹࣬˵Ļ˵Ҫ˵ַˡ
ӢܵԸûб䣬˵ֻЦһЦ
һҶ𻪾ͶŷӢõϡ
ҶٻĬĬĿŵܷܵľٶԽԽƣȫ²Լ˭֪˸ܹܵʲôԻ
극Ҷ¿ӾҪɳȥӣʰ꣬ӢԼһۣæ㣬ϢϢ
žʰȻЩ׾Ҳû̴á
ҶٻȻӢܳ˺أʵ벻ʲôһ̰͵ĵܱܵڿ죬ɳֲסĴɳһˣŵſӢܡ
˵ϳ˼Ӳ۹͸ųϬ󣬹ͭɫƤⱥȳƣǿҵĴϵЩپ£ֹŵСһȻĶ֮治֪ûʧ֮ǰǸʲôˣôҲʮĴ󻵵
ſţ֪ģҶٻѾûôе뽫ߣһｵһĵܵܶǹĸԼڶܵܵĽ޲ߣܹõܵѭ浸صѧЩıҲδһ¡
룬ιɵһ¡
Ӣܲͷʲô£
ҶٻҪǲҲԣҪҵİţúˣÿһԸ㷢нˮԴſ
Ӣ֪ʲôطȥԲɵ˵ͷãҪô
ҶٻҵܵܳʲôԻҩͦĻҪܸʲôȸ˵Ȼ˵ǲĻУнˮٸģ£Ȼβǹˡ
Ӣ̵УнˮǶӦ˵ʱûݣ˵㣬ⲻƽ
Ҷٻ桱һͷɵ㻹治ɵԹãÿԪҰ԰סɲ
ӢҲ֪Ԫж٣ܹЩʲôղ˵ֻ˼άʶӦͷðɣԣʵܻܵ
ҶٻҪˣҾͰӷллˡ
˵ŻҶѾϴˣ·ϡȫˮȴЦţгɾ͸С


 019 ʧϴ(5)
ҶٻӣüܿչЦһһȥ´·Լýϴȥˡ
ҶİӢɳϣһķָϽ治ǸǵģƯڿ죬˭ҪȢǿϱĸϧ۹̫ߣѼҪÿҪǮҪû飬ɾˡ
˵ּӢҼȻ죬ʧȻݲǵϳģԼŻǿ磬ϣû죬ʱŪ㶺ˡ
ҶȻ̰棬ǴӢ۹˸Ҳ֪ȥûУæֵҽֶҲ˻ϲġ
ʱӢܲûԼĶڵϣ¶һ飬æ˳ĿȥȴʱڲһƬϵľһȺڼҵĽսкȻһϴʲô©ͨɣһƨ
ӢŵϼҵǹսڲͣһЩ棬ԽԽĳļѿڵ¶ͣ櫡
ӢȻĳҶҲĪϴʲôɱѼʲô˼
ӢܻعͷĵˣһһŮ־ͽ¶櫣Ҽǵǡ
Ҷ𻪵ҿ֣ϴ㲻Ҫңȥǻ˽ֵİ
ӢҡͷҲ֪ʲôط˺һ졣
ҶɦɦͷϴԽԽΣ㻹нԵģֿɲɣ㲻ǻĳˣЩ£ѾнˣٿӣУٵЩǹսһ֡
ӢܴʱֻЩȥĻϵǹսѾûʲôоˡ
ʱҶٻѾܵϴ·ԼҲϴ裬һȽϺһЩ˯£ͿʼĤÿ֮һԼæҪæҪǲעⱣƤǻʲôǮȥȴԼĿ˧ǮİӰ
ͿŰװ׵һĤҶٻʹԼҳҶ𻪣һߵɳϡ
ҶæһӢܵѣϴ󣬿ߣϽҪǸٶ༯ֳֳĺˣ㣬ߣҽcsȥ
˵˾ͽݣҶٻһ˱һͷɳ϶ŵӣԼڱҹ׷Ůǡ
򿪵ԣcsϷ棬Ҷ𻪾ͿʼӢϷĲ
ӢܼﲻͣѪȳǹԺֿʼͣĺһЩĳȵҶ˵ԣȥʼϷһ·ն˶ˡ
ҶĲϷǶصλʱǾѣӦޱȣʱҲֱۣʵ벻صϴȻǸcsĸ֡
һҶٻѾ磬ŵܵﲻʱǹͷȥȴǴɵڲܵסĽźãʱɵ㲻þһ۷Ҷģǿɲٽ̻ܵܣĿǰʱҪȻҪнˮȻҪﾡã˷ѰԴ
ôһ룬ʱ˼һɵ˯һ磬ҳȥ£ûУ
ﴫӢܵĴӦ֮


 020 ɨ(1)
ڶһ磬һǳɫְҵװɫ߸ЬŵױҶٻʹӢܳţ˶ʮӣŵһʿվ
ʱֵϰĸ߷壬վ̨ȫͷòײŵȵһаͣӸͣҶٻɵ˽ȥȵ˳ϣȴĿ࣬ȺӢܻںòǰ˽복ڡ
ۿųѾʼҶٻҧڹŵһֳȥӢܵǰؿϺݺһɵʲôô
ӢܵôˣСǵϰɡ
Ҷٻֱţ֪֪ÿϰҪ򿨵ģҪ۲ٵĽ㡭ǸɨǣҪƲơ
һ˵ţһ߾ȥеʿԲҲܣʿǮнˮۣ㻹ҲҰ׻Ǯ
ӢνЦЦȥ
ʿʻţӢķæľ£Ŭż䣬Ժȴȫ벻ʲôͷһʹֻ÷ˡ
ʮңʿһ޵Ĵ¥ͣסҶٻǮӢ˵¥Ĵɵţȵ˾ȻԼһͻһȥ
˵ҲӢܣҴҵĳ˵ȥˡ
Ӣڴվ˰СʱңͼӯҶٻһµĿڴһƫͷӢܾ͸˳ȥ
Ȼȥʿֻʱϰĸ߷ѹûôˣһеУŮã˵עӢȻûʲôҶٻȴǻڡ
վԽԽ٣յ㣬ҶٻӢһ£ʹȥ
Ѿн¥ǳϡ裬Ҳǵû
ҶٻӢܴ·һҽС޹˾Ĺ⣬ȥ˵ЩʲôͿʼ绰һ»˻֣ʾ˽ȥ
һ¥ߣװεúǺİ칫¥£ҶٻӰͳҶǸֻݸӢܵɵţҪȥҹ˾Ķ³ԴױƷ˵ԴȻСˣҲ󷽣ǸɫŮ˰ֶţȵ¥Ķ³칫ȥҪԴأҾ͸绰㲻ҪӣϽҪòһЩһҪҵġ
ӢܵױƷֶøŮɡ
Ҷٻ㲻֪ǹ˾ĲƷ󱩸ߣƷȴҪǸŮְɱۣ׬ʲôǮȻ͵ˣǵĿͻЩǮˣֻҪޣǣһǲ˼۵ģͽй˿˵Ҳֻҵĵ绰ǣסǧҪòǾָҪ㶨ĿͻŪûӽ
˵Щ¥ȥȥӢܾ¥ȥߵҵƬֻһͦʮָ꣬ݵͷע˵ҡ޹˾Ķ³Դ
Լ˶ʮңӢֻˣҶٻķԸȥӣֻǿ첽¥ȥ
¥׵ľͼǶ³İ칫ңʱıš
ӢһȥŲûʱͿˣһŭĳӡڷһĳɳϣһָݵͷǿ§ҶٻҶٻƴķţ㷢Ҳʼҡ
ͷĶ³ԴҲû˴֣ͣȵ˭ҹȥ
ӢʲôҲû˵һ˹ȥҶٻԼߣ;ȭͷ
ԴѾӢܵòΣҲһ㡭ҪʲôҪбˡ
ӢһֱѾӳ
ȻʱҶٻȻס֣Ȼҡͷɵˣǲȥǡ
˵žȥʰɢɳϵĻװƷ
ԴҶٻסӢܣ뵽Լĵ̣ҶС㣬ʲô˼ƷҪôǲǹ˾涨ģãϴ绰žô˵Уǹ˾ĶӴ֮ٲˡ
˵Żͳֻѯžĵ绰롣


 021 ɨ(2)
Ҷٻ֪绰һԼһᱻ˾ݹнˮְͨԱҪ߳һϣֻάּĻԼǮһµľסȻǿ£뵽ܵܣæϰ壬Բ𣬶ԲҲԣ绰Ǹ
ԴѵҶٻɫ˵ܲԸķֻˣС᲻£Ҳƽϣͣǧٴ˸ˣҪҸˣղŸҿЩƷÿʮףҲнˮˡ
Ҷٻ⽫Ҹˡ˵úأȻ֪ʲô˼޵ֱҧȴ΢Цϰ壬ԲһС
˵ŻӰһȴǴɵѾԴ˹ȥһץס͵һۣԴ̾͡ӴӴ
Ӣܺȵ쵰ʲôҶСĻױƷǷ򲻿ɣûУ
˵һ
ԴʹúӶˣæúã֣ǮǮ
Ӣܾɿ֣ԴȫֻܶòΡΡ֣ͳһǮҪȴӢһ˹ȥĳƱȫȡѾĿɿڴҶٻҶС㣬㿴
ҶٻʱŷӦ֪޷أԼݹǶˣݺݵĵӢһۣȻҲȥԴϾҿصē⣬ģɫױƷ⣬ӣҪײĵˣǶΪԼ°ɡ
˵Ųָ⣬øݵԴͷתб˵
ҶٻʱЩصӢܵߣ뵽һ£ɱɫɵ⣬ĵֻҪһȥɫͻ֪ͨǾͲҡ
ֻû³ڣӢһƻӳԴԺʱɳ֮ϡֻصҶٻߣûˣ߰ɡ
Ҷٻû뵽ɵһϽȥ̽̽ԴıϢокŷģ΢΢һ㷢ѣ˵ߡ
;ٲȥӢܱĸĺ档
Ҵҳ˹ҶٻæȥһʿӢ˺ţֱӿףӺŲûʲôɵĳ׷ؿһ
ԱߵӢһ򾲵úʲô¶ûģҶٻʹһµҾ˵Ǹɨǣû˵һ죬ŪҵĹûˣסĵطû֪㲻Եı˾ͻ
ӢĵԸԴˣӦûûʲô˲𡣡
ҶٻԴԼǱҲ˵ʹ죬ȴ¶ҧޣ˵˵ɣԸƲݣûйҺʹܺ簡
˵ֵֺԲ۵ɵ¶ģ㣬û˹µнˮȫˣУ뷨׬ǮҵʧûС
Ҷٻͦף֪ģӢȴиУšһͷðɣҲ֪ô׬ǮֻҪ˵ȥǡ
Ҷٻʣʱָļɵеˣ㡣
صУҶٻ㽫ʧҵ¸ܵ˵ˣҶһɫҧгݣ޲ܽԴŪٱһ٣ӢܵΪȻǴͬ
ʵҶٻҲôӢܣһҪĸУֻһԹŪҶҲӢܱƽ
ⲻãϵҲûȥ̯˵ڶ죬ӢһͱҶٻĲˡ
ʱӢ֪ܲҶٻжˣһԪǮһܲ޳ëɱȫϧԼŮЩԭɿڵС̯Сûвý۵ġ
ҶٻҲƳӢ͵Ц˻ͦõģ˹ԼͿԶһЩˣţֿԽԼЩǮˡ
СŲ˻ȥҶٻĹźãͿʼҲӢţԱ߰æ
һУӢ˵Ȼİģÿһ£Ŭ빴Լļ䣬ͨ˵ƽûоܹʲôֽȴΪɣȻûЩ£ֻҪҶٻһ˵ܹܿɣرǰʱõֱַƯҶٻҲ̲ס䣬Щ࿴


 022 ʱԱ(1)
ȵҶٻãҶ˿ʱ䣬ɴеϽ㣬ʮһ㣬ôͳзˡ
Ҷٻ㲻£ѵҺʹɵҲһѾϵˣȺʹɵȪӰӻȥȺԱڿġ
ҶӢһۣҲΪùϴϽ㣬ϴβ˵ȺԱòǮ𣿡
ҶٻϴΣϴһûʧҵڵȻͬˣеǮҪ׬ж٣
Ҷ֪㶪˹鲻ãҲһȥ
ܵҪ£ҶٻʱðܣȥҲãȺԱͦģҪ˼׼
Ҷ𻪾ϷҲͦ棬㡰ٺ١һЦûϵϽ㣬㲻еݿңʲôȽҪĽɫǾͷˡ
ҶٻЦҡҡͷܣˣ㲻֪ĹãԼ°ɡ
ӢԱŽĶԻиоҶٻȥȻȥǸʲôȪӰӻصģ¶˵ҪѾһҶٻȵ˵ɡ
ҶٻĳյǲŪĲɫζȫӢһ룬Ҷٻˣֵɵ㣬ô࣬ҪһЩǮ
ӢѾ֪߶ӣҲȥܡ
극˱ţһͣsʮȪӰӻȥ
һСʱ֮󣬾͵ȴһܴģӰӳǣɽˮ߸ߵĳǽȥĳǳһ㡣
ҶٻȻϤĴӢҶȥ˳ǽ£ȴиƱţȴι۵οշѡ
Ҷٻ˹ȥƱ˵Щʲô˾ʹһ绰žͳҶٻ˵ͷʾԽȥˡ
˽˳ţȴضԸŷԵǹɫʱЩοڹԵļƷ
Ҷ̲סϽ㣬㵽𣬸ղǸƱĴ绰˭ˡ
Ҷٻǣܣ֪ȪӰӻصĴϰ˭𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷ֪
ҶٻȪǼҵӰĻý˾Ӱӻ֮һСһ
ҶƣＫǿֵݺᣬԶдСռڶϣɵһͷ⻹СģǮֲñֽ־ϵ
ҶٻŮλð㽣ӰĻý˾ֻϼŵӹ˾֮һҲ׬ǮģҵѾ˼ټҴͳУձЩҶУܣ֪ĹӪٻѾչˣװޣ¸¾Ҫš
Ҷһ˵ģž·жǣһֻʺҪԪĨƨɣȴûйҪ׼ǲƽ
Ҷٻһµܣ˵˼ϼſɲÿƻǮʮڣҪȥԼĻֻ𡣡
Ҷ𻪵ߣ٣ûеõһӶǲƽǾǼҰǧģҾ˵á
Ҷٻ͡һЦššĶĴͷȥɡ
ӢһֱԱţϼĸڲͣĴ񾭣ƺйĸֵļ䣬ϼһԼֻپһЩľ벻ˡ
ҶٻӢһĳ˼״ɵʲô
Ӣʵʵ˵ϼҺ˵
ҶٻͿҺɫСϻ˭᲻֪ϼŵģ˼۾һģΪԴЩ
ʱҶ𻪵Ͻ㣬㵽ʶ˭
ҶٻһٵļһרŸʱԱģйϵ
Ҷ𻪶ʱҿϽ㣬ôƯǸôƼʲôݣҪŮǣ׼ˣ۾ǲϹ
Ҷٻһ˿Ȼܣٺ˵ˣ֮ȻҰžǡ
˵žʹ˼ǰߡ
һ󣬾ͼڲͬľϷŴҲǸ죬ӹװԼִУÿһæµʱǡ뵼ݵ
˰СʱͼǰиɫĽãæµţӷװӦǲִ磬һеģźɫѿ˵Сһ˴˵ʲô


 023 ʱԱ(2)
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬ǸСǲǵݣ
ҶٻҡҡͷЩĵҲ䣬ҸղŸ˵٣ҲֻǸȴŸëקƵġ
˵⻰ٵ۾Ƴߣ϶ʱñƵĲȴԵܵӢܵǸСˣҪװòһرǴɵװͰ͵һͺ¡
Ҷ𻪵ǮҪɫϽ㣬Ҳ̫û˰ɣ
Ҷٻݺݵĵһ۵ͣˮͣ磬㼸죬㻹ûйÿֻﺰɱΪµһ֪ļҲá
˵ŻѾɵĶҶٻҶС㣬û뵽㻹ϵңô첻ȥˡ
Ҷٻг֮⣬ҧҧȴȻЦŵȥǱᣬ绰㲻˵ЩϷҪȺԱ㿴вУ
ҶһۣǲΪȻżһͷǷߴӢܣʱסˣҶС㣬˭ûͦ͵İ
Ҷٻӣ֪ɵϷˣæҶҶ󡭡ҵø磬ȥѧϷ˳ֿˣʲôʲôô쵼һ⡣
ʱϺȻ¶˸֮ɫһƵѽ̤Ьٴȫѹ쵼ôһãð
ҶٻæʲôϷ͸߲ߣ
ʱЦݣҶС㣬ȷһͷϷԭɱֵɽŮڽ飬ȥ֯ɱ˫չһѪս
˵ҶָָڽĿˡ
Ӣܵø磬ϷݾҪЩʱȻ˸˵Ϸ
Ҷٻŵû̸
ҶٻЦҶС㣬û뵽ڶԳôżˣǰЩǡ
ҶٻʱȻĻȥ¾ͲҪ˵ˣҲڣ⼸ˣҪҪҪ
ӢܵҪҪô᲻ҪҶС㣬ģǵĳͶһͬʵģøô㣬ҾҪ쵼
˵žӢһ㣬
ҶٻӢܵһģȻɵ㽨ҵĻᵽˣҪŻһ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ͸ˡ
˽ڣڲóһ۾ͼһʮ꣬ʷ֣ŴӵһָֻţԱڶ˲ˮš
ٴӢߵǰ棬ͷĵ쵼Ҹһˣ㿴ô
쵼ʱûпֻǰһָι㣬ôģƹôһԱôվͷԡ
һ˵ţһ˵תͷ٣СӸҵɱ
۾һɨͼԱߵӢܣʱϵӢܵƤ
Ӣϸ˼ۣ쵼Ѿ¶˾ϲ֮ɫӢܵļð٣СӰõصҵˡ
ٱ쵼Ӣʹ˸ɫҶٻø磬ҺòײŴһϷѧԺģֻҪͦߡ
쵼һֵôͷҪ۸һҲûϵܱȵã˵ǵȷͦǻµġ
һ˵ţһ߾ٵôǸҶٻҲˣ˵ô˵
ٿЦҡҡͷѾͷͦɵģ񻹲ô£ֻһȺԱ
쵼¶ʧ֮ɫϧϧ椶ǲǲôй档
˵⻰ס˿ڣӢܣȴϳһִֿ˺߳ȥˣɫĵʲô֣
ӢܾҶٻ˵ĵҶ󻪡
쵼˵ͷãҶ󻪣˵ϷѧԺģȻ֪ôһɱ֣ϰŸ˵úݣҿӻЩ;պ˵ǻкĻᡣ
žһߴɱֵ˵˵Ϸ
һʮ꣬۾СС׳ӴӦŹ㲻ǣϡ
ʱӢܵҶ󻪣úţһȡõģ㵱Ȼˡ
ӢܼʧԴȴЦЦҪ٣
ٵȻһһ룬רҵԱļ۸ȡģҪԼҪ֮һ
ӢʱȻһתǺã˰ɣϷҲˡ
ټһߣʱˣһסֵܣ㻹üӰ֪Ҳˣðɣ˵ô֣
ӢܵҲæһ߿
ٵУֵܣҲ̫ˣûأ
˵⻰Ӣܵûһ£ƺҪǰȥֻģݣݣ߾ߣ˵ãҪľˣ˺ô֡
Ӣܵ˵ϷҲ֪Լܲݺá
ٵˣʲôӻװͷǰһվǻѵһɱְ
Ҷ˺üǹսƬӢܿҲɱֵľͷӢܾúЩоܹᣬԼĻָδһ£͵ͷšһ


 024 ʱԱ(3)
ʱǸĸѾ˹æЦЦȥˡ
ӢܣҲ˵ͷСӻ˼£˸ʵĵ
Ӣֵ֣ܵҶ󻪣ʱֻܸܽ˵˵飬ʵͦ򵥣˹Ǹɱ֣ҪİĹ飬ͬһ֯ģҪɱʱ˸㻻װֻ߽׼ǹǱǷ֣ȽǹȻ˹ǹͷУǾͻĴɱ׷ɱ˹Ϸٻ·ˡ
˵Ҷ󻪣ûУ֪Լôò˵꾡һЩ
Ӣҡҡͷˣȷ򵥣Ӧû⡣
û⣿ǺãҾæȥˣŻúõݣֵ¾ȱˣ᲻С
˵Ӣܵļ磬뿪ˡ
ŮǻûҶţӢܱ˳ȥȴҶٻҶѾװˣŶǳͨҶ𻪵·Եô࣬죬ƺԹʲô
Ӣܳæӭ˳ȥҶٻɵô˵ϷûУ
Ӣ߽ܵȥȻ󱻴
Ҷ𻪵ѾǺܲˣ϶мľͷҺͽңȻڽȥվվһŵλãûС
Ҷٻһµѣ¶¶ʲôϵιɵûи˵ıꣿ
ӢܵûУ٣ֻҪ߿
ҶٻʱʲôŵĻڰҪ߳ɳ͡
Ӣҡͷ߳ɣŵɡ
Ҷٻһ㶣ʱЦӢǰһȭİɵ˵ŵıõͣҪ԰ֵģξ㿳ֻҪɣǸ
ӢܺȻһЦǻϸȥˣѧģû뵽Ч
ҶٻһЦ¶һѩ׵ݣ¾һССľѣжʱҵһҪˣɵƽʱĲЦһЦͦÿ
ʱЩ΢죬ȴǵȻ˭޵ɱɹãɵȻѾѧɹʦ͸㽱ͣγ͸ʮ֮һĳ乫벹һСֵʧҵʧ
Ҷ˵ﲻɵҿϽݵģϴǮҪս֮
ţȻ˵֣ôˣôģ
ҶٻʱҲ˿ʹԼڵȷ㡣
ҶȻ֪֣˵ͷֲãֻеˡ
Ӣȴ˭
Ҷٻһ۵ɵˣȻǶ֪ĵСųйӰ̳С֮һƬﶼͷɲС͸ˣ㣬ĸ˾ԪϣʾշƷƣԼҲùӰ˵׼Ӱ̳ö޸ҵĹӶ׷
˵ţͼһ͵ıķ˹ͣ£һһȺˣȵһһŮ
еĶʮ߰꣬űͦİɫͷֹ޳ò׾ȴرĿʡ
ŮȴҪЩüƤ𪣬Ĺ߱ӣСڣʵزϸ֫һǳüüΪİɫɴϸ⻬ϴһµɫԵĶˣ޹䣬Ʋʵ͡
Ҷٻʱ¶Ľ֮ɫǾǳǷ㣬ǷûŪͨݼãĵƬӾϱǹѪͷ˾ȴܰᣬʵ벻ͨ㣬ƯݼҲͦãϲŮԱ֮ŵһ
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬ˣҪ˵л磬ҿƯ
ҶٻʵҲ뷨û˵һЩȺԱѾΧ˹ȥҪǩȡһСӣҲҴ˹ȥȺкһ󣬲ͷ󺹵ĻصܵӢܵߣ˷ܵеСǿõǩˡ
Ҷ𻪿˿ôûгǷģôҲǸǰɣ
ҶٻһҿҲǸ
Ҷ𻪵ǩҲҪֵǮ
һˣҶٻһԴ԰ǩܻǮôû뵽ǩڱϵ̫ͨˣûʲôֵ
תһƳߴӢܣѾ⣬ɵѿ


 025 ʱԱ(4)
ӢϵĻɫѿҶȥĵ̯ҲŪ״ֻһ¡
ҶٻɵӴҲ󣬿켷ȥѿǩǩŹǮ
ӢܰУҪȥԼȥ
ҶٻӵһתߣȻݣץסұۣĵɵȥȥòãѾûǮˣ취Ҫӵİ
ӢܼӣҲǡӢѹ˹ءǲȥģͷһ͵˵ͷǻѿȺ˹ȥ
ҶȴˣӢܲԸıӰŽ˴ķָҶٻ͡һЦеɫݼɲܹרҵѵԱ
ӢŻѿ˵Ⱥ⣬ʱûмǫãֻͷֿǰˣѿ˵ݵǰ
Ȼһѿ˴Ҳһ㶣̧ͷȥȴһ࣬úЩѱӣҲҲԼǩЩ֣ǽѿ˽˹еıɿд˼֡
Ӣܽӹѿˣ˻ȥȻʧ䣬ȴһֺܶ˵ĸоѿصӸҶٻֵһۣٲ˵Ҷٻȴ˸߲ҵķѿϵǩ֡
ȵǷ߽˽ãһ󣬾һʮ꣬۾Ů˳ȺԱȫȥҶ󻪣Ҷ˭
ҶٻǻױʦɵƯȡ´λлᣬסûС
һ˵һ߾ʹŵܵܽ˽á
ӢߵǻױʦǰҾҶ󻪡
ǻױʦ̧ͷϸһ£Ҳ¶˾ϲ֮ɫðӸòŶŪܿͻá
˵žʹӢܵ˽һʱĴȴҵĶѻŲٵķװ⻹м󾵡
ǻױʦӢһϣĳЩȻһ¹ȡһãһīϡ
һŪףӢܻ֪ԼʲôӣȴǻױʦԼ¶֮ɫߵ˾ǰʱҲһ㶡
ֻеǸ˴һɫĸ£һ˿ţϼһīֻ¶һǷȻӣ˲䣬ʵڱЩǹսƬɱҪöࡣ
ǻױʦҡͷ̾ϧϧҶ󻪣ɱô˧ģֻûͷǶȥ쵼ͨͨһеģ˵ǳǷ廹Ҫ졣
Ӣ֪ԼʲôˣϷ˵ǺȤ΢΢ЦЦ
ʱ洫Ҷ󻪣׼ûУϸϷˡ
ǻױʦӢܵˣˣȿô
˵˾ͳ˴վ棬һ۾ƼȫӢܣҲһŵղҾ;ҶǸӲϣԤĻãˣǹûУ
ױʦһͷֻشȥȡһɫĵǹӢܵĻС
ӢܵļҶ󻪣ȻһãͰǹó׼Ƿ壬쵼ǣͣȻһ㱻еľͷ֪ôϾ͸úͱһϷݣЩ
˵ŻѾӢ߽˽ãʱǷлĳ棬ӢܼҶٻҶ𻪹Ȼһֻͷ¶ǰľͷȥ
ʮң龵ͷˣֻ쵼ɱ֣ɱûУ׼ûУ
׼ˡ
˵ĶԻ˵Ŀⶼ˹˭дʱĶǸߴͣһװӢܣҶٻǵɴԲԲ˫һʱϲ£ˡҶ׼ģϴϴҸд
쵼˿̵ãҶ
һʱ벻ֵ֣ɱֵģ˵ȥҽ㣬ǹˣע⾵ͷ
Ӣܾ˵⣬һ쵼ɱֽ߼ҽǹǹ
˽ȥȴʱǳǷǱԼģӺһ쵼̾ͳǹ׼˳Ƿ塣


 026 ʱԱ(5)
ӢܲԸͷûôôͳǹ쵼ǣǣôģҲ˵Ҫǹǹȫҵ٣˵ϷѧԺ
¶ڣæһ˳쵼Բ𣬶ԲҿҶ󻪸ղһû壬һһС
ӢܼҶٻҧгݵĶԼƣ˼ҪԼһЩûס쵼ĻղԼǹһʵ޷ƣҲ֪ô£ֻص⡣
֮󣬾쵼Ҷ󻪣Ҫע˿ûУ
˵žͽһ
Ӣ˽ȥǸղһģһ龰ֲһ鲻ԽҪǹѹֳ嶯ǰţȴ쵼Զԣע⣬һһããߡ
ֱӢܿ쵽ǳǷ󣬲쵼ãǹ׼ɡ
Ӣǹһ죬˻ûпǱǹѾУ׼˳Ƿ壬ʶĿ۶˰ȴûӵ
ʱֻ쵼ǡŵðҶ󻪣ЩףܹרҵѵģݵƯЪһЪ׼һϷ
ͣԭͦͷֿˣǳǷ㼫ڣȴôðֻӦԵЦţһӡ
˹ӢܵãһϷǻǰ񸦵۾ɱ㼴ǹһǣתܿǹȻԼǹסͷһǹʱֱӵ¾ǣӦûɡ
Ӣܾͦ򵥵ģ˵ͷãû⡣
ֻϢһ쵼ָ֣ԻλǷָֻ˺ӣӢȻ׼ǹ״̬
쵼˵Ƿ壬ˣע飬Ӱ׼񡣡
Ƿ˸ʲô񣬸žͳǹٵתŲһܣѾǹӢܵͷϡ
쵼һã̿ǹɱ֣׼¡
ǣʱ˶벻鷢ˣǳǷսǹӢܵͷϣӢȴȻһ͵һɨǳǷͶʺĵڵϣұ촽ŵأʱѪ
⻹㣬Ӣʱ¶˵ɱץס˳ǷԺͷԼеǹͷϡ
˵ıʣûвɴ۾Ŵ͵ģ쵼еľ籾˵ҲȻðŷӦܵӢܵǰָ졭
ȴӢһ̧ͷȻīƺҲ͸˱ɱ֮ͷʱһǵǵǣִеô£ʱô£٣ʶô˸񾫲ϷʧҪô⣿
ҲԱȫⳡʣҲּ£쵼쵼ʵڲ֪Ǹ񾫲ҶٻҶٻվʧô⡣
ҶٻɵȻۿǸǷ屻ץסͷһѪȻˣҪ븴ԭϷʱǲˣҪ󹤵ʧǶԼͻˣҲҳһţʱ޿ɱܣҪǵϴ򲻳ɵġ
¾վ˳ɤŴ⣬ô⣬øӱЩë۸ǰźЩҽֻݸȺԱһķǮ֪ɱֵģͼӴ׵˵ʲôϷѧԺԱںˣǵøɲһҪ⣬Ҫ֪ҽӿɻ˲Ǯ٣˵Ҹ˵ûС
û뵽ԼˣæҶٻ㡭˵ʲôû˵
ҶٻǱˮһսԽԽˣŵģǹӲŰ˭˵ûϵҪұʣϷѧԺ˭ģ
쵼ٽͰ͵Щң뵽ƽʱΪˣһ̰Ūģָһ٣̧㣬һȴŪô죿
һֱĿųе龰ʱ߳ˣҪñ˾Ц𡣡
ߵҶٻǰҶС㣬²˭ĶԴǾʧǺܾ޴ģҲ׷λøˣ㻹Ǵ߰ɣҪٳŪЩˡ
Ҷٻ֪˾еλ쵼ҲȻ˻ɵⳡ㽻˹ȥвϿģһȥסӢܵ߰㻹ʲôᡣ
ӢܸղŵľٶȫǶɱɵ䣬ֻҪǹָԼͻԥĽԷʱѾָǣʶϷҶٻԼˣҶҲš


 027 ޺(1)
ֱӰӻ⣬Ҷ𻪲ųһҿϴ󣬸ղԸ񰡣ǸǷڵӰǸӢۣû취ȫǸŧٿݵϷһѪ
Ҷٻһֱû˵ʱͣȭͣĴӢܣɨǣɨǣһĿɨǣù˶㣬㣬סǼң˵˵죬ЩʲôŪ˲˵ٹãҲŪˣҪҷӦÿ죬ȷˣ˵Ѿھˡ
ӢҲ֪ԼĴ޻˵ֻš
ӢܼʵҶٻķȭɱǧ˰٣ܿʹһʱҲûа취Ҷ𻪵ιҶ𻪣ղŽʲôʲôϴΪղǸӾϴƨɵǴɵҲ̫ӣٸѧùùԶǮû׬˵Ҫ׻ѡ
Ӣʱȴ˭˵û׬Ǯ
ҶٻԶʱһϲɵǲǸղǼһѾǮøˡ
ӢҡҡͷûС
Ҷٻһʧ׬ʲôǮ
ӢīǼоųµĺɫһָ»ֵǮɣ복ǹġ
ҶٻһҲԣķҲһǧԪҲѧŵܵܵĿǵҿɵû뵽㻹Ĭаã·ܣ㸺ۣû
ӢҶ𻪶ͬʱӦһ˻ӣҲЦϾҶ֪ҪӣǲܵģӢʱҲĺܿģѾǲԼ˭ˣҶϽҲвٵȱ㣬һ𣬵еһɡ
صңӢܾͰѷҶ𻪱˳ȥңһ˷ܵĻȴֻŶԪ
Ҷٻһʲ֪˶ףǷҲ˵һĲֵԪΪúܻˡ
ܵһҶٻŽӹǶԪǮ׼ȥŪҶȴΪ쿪Ŵ󼪣ȥѻ׬һٶԪӦõúףһ¡
Ҷٻ֪ľ״ֹۣҪԼ֧һǵܵܵһԸҲӦýһ£Ӧˡ
ۿɫ˱ųȥ¥ǽģɵϴδҳҹϣһҹ̯չ⡣
չζ˶Եú㣬Ҷ𻪽ơƣǾٱҶٻģƽʱٲӦ꣬ǲǳӢţ󣬾ǽҲҪʮƿȥҶ𻪣ףȴǳȵƿƤƤ˯ˡ
ҶٻЩкӵԸ񣬷ҪӢƴƣӢȻоƱغȣÿȱظɡ
ȵƿʱҶٻЩˣͨ죬ͮϼܲҲװˣСʱϴּ䡣
һδϴּҶٻͿʼƤˣ˵ʲôвŮʼʱԼһڶӢҪһ˺棬ɴһڶˣŮֲڣֻܸӢܵƣҪſ¡
׼ȷ˵ʱӢܻǺܴģȫ֪͵ˣоƾҪȣһơѾ˸⣬ͷҲκˣҲװˣա
ϰʣϰ屨ˣǮǾʮԪǮȴһʮԪ
ˣҶٻʱϡ壬㲻ҪʣΪʲΪʲôǮȷǮ࣬ɡܣһǴˣˡ
ϰһ֪λƯСˣ뷢𣬵һԱߵӢܣϽˮĻϨЦ͡
ҶٻɣʣǮˣƹҡҡλε˳ȥ
Ҳ֪ô߻ȥŵģ˻صݣʲô鶼ɵ˯ȥӢҶһҶ𻪵ĴͲӢ˾ֲ֪һڳ˸֣ͽҶ𻪵˴£Ҷmӣ촽˼£˯ȴͦ㡣
˯ҹûʲô·Ӣܴʱȴ˯òˣҪ֪ⲹԾʹ󣬶Ӣܽʮֵ꣬ɶɷʢʱ򣬾Ͳε÷Ӣ䲻ãЩģģҲ֪ںһŮ˹ӷȥ֮ʱȴȻǻӲԭ⡣㴩Ŷ̿ȥϴּ䡣
ԺĴϴּϺһӣӢܽһˤڰһӾʧȥ˷򣬼ǰţ˽ȥƺŵЩֻξ֮УһŮڶԼЦǶ鷿ѩ׹󣬱ȥֻϸޱȡ


 028 ޺(2)
Ӣڴˬˬ֮ʣȴ֪Լһ߽ķ䣬Ҷ𻪵ģҶٻĹ뷿ʱξģȴҶٻʵʵʮû˴顣
ʱҶٻҲΣμԼںڰд˺þãȻһطǰƹҫһ⣬϶˽һǺøˣվڽתΰЦͣ
ʱһֳִĽֽһ߹ȥУסĦţţǽʼճճˮգҲʼˣʱ񣬿Ŵ⣬⣬
ôţһӾˣȻԼһʪʪЩЩһ壬һȺĶԼؿϣĸš
ҶٻһǷͬСɣȥľƶˣ߾ȫļһ͵ɿ֣Ӵһ𣬸Ŵеĵƣʱ䣬һ࣬㣬ɵЦŵ˳ǰڸղԼ˯Աߡ
һ˲䣬ܲ˵ҶٻĴסˣ̧Լ֣մҺ壬һһŨŨȵĵζһԼ˯µһѾק¶һѩ׵ĵһЩ켣鷿
˰ΣϵӶʼȻʡƵıһУϵͷͷӢܴȥҪˣҪˣ쵰쵰
ӢμԼǸŮգҶٻһԼĶ̿Ѿڴ£Ĵͷʶ˻Ҳ׵ˣæܵ
ҶٻŹ׷ɳƴĴţӢܴʱл֮Ҳ޷֡
Ҷ𻪻ڵ˯ţҲΣμԼcsľ죬һȺ˽мսǹսԺҪˡʱҲһ𣬴ɿĴ˳һûͷӬƵܣһ૵ˣˣеˣеˣҪˣҪˡ
ҶٻܵܵӣּеҶ𻪣ڸʲô
ҶŴоѣŽеĵƹ⣬ɳˣȥ򿪿ĵƣʱͼϴŶ̿ɳϣʹ˯ۣ¶ŹĴȣﻹһͷɵ۾һҿϽ㣬ڸʲô
ҶٻʱҲʶӼǲţϽܽݣҴһһЩѳȦȴǺˡ
Ҷ𻪺Ǻ棬ȴɵϣѾʮ꣬־ɫվӣʲôһҧץһѲ˵ָӢܵģҳ۸ҽ㣬Ӻƴˡ
˵ʵҶƽʱĵӲ󣬵ԼػĸְĽȴм˸飬Ÿߴ뺷ӢܣʱҲ˺£ȥͿ
ӢԼϣվԱһãȻһ죬ľͰϵĵУæܣܣ˵ҾԲǹģᡣ
Ҷ𻪵ᣬʲôᣬö˶˵ҽ𣿡
Ҷٻȥ·ʱѾԼĽȻɵɫǣǾֻԼ鷿ô򵥣ղҲǾδѵӣҪǣԼ龰ǸͲǽǸ쵰ľһԼͿȥģǿԾܵĳ¡
ʱ˵óڣܵܶԿϽסˣܣҲûôܡɣ
ʵҶҲ֪ʲô£ôһ˵ͷʱһɣҿ㣬Ҫᣬ˵
Ҷٻʱпԣɳϣ֪ô죬һʲôææܽϴּ䣬ʼϴϴһһ飬ǿܿˮ
Ҷ֪ƽʱʹСӵģΪʲôᣬΪԼðʧеڣЦߵӢܵߵϴ󣬲˼Ҹղ̫嶯꣬ˣҽӼһϡ
Ӣ뵽ԼղŵǳΣϴҲʵǲҶ𻪵ĻҡҡͷҲòԵĵطҴ
Ҷ𻪾Ϳʼ²˳ǽ˾ϴּ䣬ϴ˽ȥ㲻ûʲô⣬Ȼһȴý˿Ҫٷ־ûҪģֻеصϴָ˼䣬϶ЩôΪԼˡ
˺þãҶٻŴϴֻּȴǴ÷죬վŵӢȻŶ̿㣬ʱղŻƲ龰֪ɵȻ֪ҲԼˣжʱһңҴ߽ȥ顱һŹϡ
ӢҲеԼʪմģҸղ˯еȷһֺˬĸоǻԼ˼ܴĴ£ҶٻƺֲһʱҲǰ˼⡣
һҹ޻Ժļ죬ҶٻĿǲӢܶӣµǣ֪ģܻʶӢܵƳȥΪÿɳޱȣÿһĶͻԼĴȣȵ߿飬ϰ˷


 029 (1)
˰£Ӣܵͷʹ˺üΣÿһζʹҶٻǲܵģɨǴɵʹӣˣȥ˵ãǿҪġ
һ죬ҶٻӢܵҽԺҽԺԲõǶ¥һźҽ
˰ָ˶׾ҵҽİ칫ңȴֻʮ꣬ͷЩ׵ߣڸһ긾Ůĵĵš
һ긾ŮҽҩȥˣҶٻϽӢǰȥ
ҽ˹ùԱߵһ豭һڣȻ̧ͷﲻ
ǵĿһǰӢܣʱסˣŵĲ豭Ҳͣ˵㡭
ȴס˿ڡ
Ӣܳ˼䣬ܵзӦڣƵҽӣһգʶң
ҽȻǵռҽιӢܵҽˣ֪Ӣܵǹˣ˱˾ǵȵһȴõѾѵϢЩˣҲûзϣʵڲֻصҽ֪öӵѹŶԷ񾭣û뵽Ȼô̵ʱ糣ˣǸΣסǡ
ѯһЩӢܵĲȻ󿪳һȥ¥һԺ˴ŹɨһԲ
ӢһֱϸĹ۲ҽɫƮͣŻ֮״ѾȷԼжϣҶٻȥŹˡ
Ҷٻһ㶣ɵϣΪʲôҽҪȥ¥պ˴Ź𣿡
Ӣشҽؾ͹أΪʲô
ҶٻӢܺȻҲһ˿һֲݷİһȴȥš
ҽˣҲһ㡭Ҫʲô
Ӣһץס˵ǲʶң
ҶٻӢװͰ͵ӣͷٴһæܹɵҪҽǲַˣ
Ӣֻܲ۹ҽĵ㣬ϲʶҡ
Ӣͱͱ뺷ټ˵ɱ֮ҽҲ֪˵ɱ˾ҪɱˣǧﲻãϽǣʶ
Ӣһϲ˭
ҽ֪ǼӵҽԺģͷˣһ֤ҲûѾˡ
Ӣʱһʧ䣬ֵﵽʲô
ҽһӵĺԣֵǲûд͸ӦþԶ߱ʲôô񾭵ıԵѪ񡣡
Ӣܶ׷ʵֻô
ҽǰͲɷǿ뿪ֵͻԲ泣˵ʧ֢ǿǳӣҪҷðòã̱Ŀܡ
Ӣʱķſҽ
ҶٻйԴľ飬֪Ҫ˼ҴΣô绰æ˫һץסֱۣȻҲú׵Ŀ˼ңȰ㲻Ҫ绰λֵĺɱ˲գ۵ģȻ֪ϰ࣬㻹ǴһЩ
ҽæúãǷģҲԲᱨġ
ҶٻӢܶ˵ˣ˼Ҳᱨߡ
ȥš
Ӣҽһۣ͸Ҷٻȥˡ
ŲҴңܿ͵ҽԺ⣬ҶٻоĴӢרС꣬˰СʱŵһƧĵطһ߸ϲסĴˣ˸
˵⻰кȻʡޣޣɵ㲻ûǸͷͨҰʲôҲͬԣԣ취߲ǡ
Ӣܴʱһϣ˫ֲڿͷ΢΢̧Զӳ˼һ紵ĳģ˧ˣˣͷһʵҲ˵Ǹˣ˺ӣͺܿ
ôţˣ߹ȥӢܵļιɵ֪ãȻˣǸҽ˵ô뷨׬ǮȻ󵽴ȥõҽ㿪òá
Ӣ֪ĿǰӦþҽָԼļ䣬˵ͷҲãǮһԼ취ģòġ
ҶٻЦǵȻãΪ׬ǮడһҪҵܵ
˵һȥûþ͵˴֣ҶٻǰģɵȵȣȥűֽûкǵĹ
˵ܹȥһݣ߱߷
ӢʱҲڿʼô׬ǮˣĿɲʲôĹܲһ֮ҲȥľȻȻ˼άʽ
ţȴҶٻ˷ܵĽһȻЦ
ӢҶҽܽӴˣԺЩǵĸȾЦôвҪǮĽ񰡡
ۣҶٻĴɣǴӢܵ˵ôЩЦ˼϶ʱˣɴ˫ֱۣһµҪ㣬˵˵
ӢܲѧЩĬͱҶٻҲơ
Ҷٻɿ׹֣ЦֽһݵӢܵǰɵǵĻᶼˣơ
Ӣܶȥȴһ涼һ棬ȴϼȫƸӢҵС
Ӣܿһ󣬵ݻظҶٻʲô᣿
ҶٻһµѽͷȻˣ㿴
˵ڱָָֽ˾ԱбɲǸ׼ò绨׳ܴݹǵöˡ


 030 (2)
ҶٻҪԼȥӦƸӢȫûȤϼʼԺԵúԼʲôϵȽӽţܹԼĳּ䡣
±ãʲôطȥ
Ҷٻ˿aʡһǧҪȥ
ӢҲûȥû⣬Ǵô죬ôСûʲô£˼ҲҪ
ҶٻˣһѧУôȥҪѧһհɣѧҲѾ׼ˣȫơ
뵽һ£Ͻֵɵ֪ͦĻģҪȥѧʦδؿϣʱԱ˵˵
Ӣܵ˵ͷѧʦͦðûѧҲһóԡ
ҶٻʱЦ٣ɵƨѧ˰
ӢܵôôҪƨɣ̫Źۡ
Ҷٻشһµޣű㣬ַˡ
ӢʱȻҶٻȥ֤
ҶٻһݺݵĵҪ򾯲ֵ⣬֪֤֪˭ڹҪǣеǹˣ롭ҲʲôˣֵطȥͶ㲻ҪΪԼܴ򣬾ǹģҪʲô£ղǸҽѾҺһˣһûҽ˵Ĳǿָģô׬ǮɣȫЩ
Ӣ뷨ҲһȻӦҶٻ£˵ҲеҲʹ˶ֵͷ
Ҷٻһţһ̾˿ɵʵЩ£ҪʲôԽطҿǵ˰˱ӵĴù㲻ûҪۡ
˵Ż˱㵽˼ңҶ𻪴ϷоȴҶٻе˿ɳϣԼӢ׼ȥaʡ˵ˡ
㽫Լȥѧ⿣Ҷ𻪹ȻҿϽ㣬Ҳȥѧ⿣ʦʲôϢûЩʦǳ÷ʷֵģҪô椡
ӢʱߵǰܣûѾźˣ㿴㣬ʲôᣬѵһӶҪչˣ˵ȥ
Ҷ𻪲Ӣܻǻ˵Ӳģ˫۵ԼһҪ˵ӣЩˣúãȥȥô׸ʲôʦʲôѵģֻҪȫĲ˾Ȼóԡ
Ҷٻܵ滹ԴɵһףҲǰϲܣ۸ֵ͵ëҲҪһˣҲҪѧпվͻ㣬ҪûǮʹ绰Ҹڿϡ
Ҷʱ뵽ȴصϴһȥָ˼䣬һǸͷԼǰЩӵĸǰʧˣæϴɲҪҰ
ҶٻʵҲڲӢӦòʲôͨˣķʣֻ»ʲôϵϴ󣬲ȴϣܸܵѧʲôõĶɵˣˣûϢɵ㣬ʲôϵ
Ӣȴ֣ͷܣģһǵġ
ҶЩСʱ۾գգϴиҪܴܲӦ
Ӣܵ˵
Ҷ𻪵ǼҵҲˣЩ칩Թ㴩Ҳףһָ˼䣬ҷǳǮܸܲһǻ
ҶٻȻƣԵܵҲյܣͻ쿪ǮҪԼ׬
Ҷֱʧϴȥһܺãѻ˵ҲǸܣ᲻ûиŵܱʲôûеĺãԼҲиϣţʵһЩ
ӢʱȴЦЦܣǮˣһû⡣
Ҷ𻪶ʱܣɳվЦϴҾ֪㿶
ҶٻԱͿ˭ѧᣬܣ棬ãһڣȫӢ߲ˣ
ҶЦͷ٣Ͻ㣬Ҳ㣬ϴ󡣡


 031 (1)
һ죬ҶٻʹŵܵȥǼѧУӢһ𣬽һЩõƷ͵ᣬȻһпԼãʵڲˣٸԼ绰
һУҶٻԼдһ֤ţȴsоĿ֤Ҷ֤ʧڲСдţͺӢܳȥŵڶһ絽aʡĻƱʱȴһ˽ӡµС˵˵ԪŪ˸sоĴӡϡ
ҲҶٻϸ֮Ҫ֪ɵȥӦƸ֤ûУǾֻаһˣü֤ȷķαʶϼ˵רŵļһǾ͸鷳ˣСЩҲܾ߱һЧ֤棬ǮʣЩöȣɵнˮҪġ
ӢһֱĬĬĹ۲ҶٻŮӣҲо⣬һжǾȻЩС£ѾԳӣҶ˵һ׾ˣĸҲǰʣǰҶٻŲʮ꣬һδˣϸŮȴҪ길ĸΣʵѵð
ڶ죬˾˿aʡʡǵĻ𳵣ҶǰվУ֮ǰҶٻˣµܵԼѧУûϣӢԱȴǰҡͷҶٻҪܵжϢ봦չìô
ã𳵾ͿˣҶٻĨӢλϣӲƱӢ˯̣Ҷٻ˯̡
𳵵aʡҪʱ䣬ҶٻǸвסˣӢ죬ǣӢܵļ䱾ȱҲĲʲôҶٻҲζ֮ӢܴҶٻ˽⵽һЩ£ǳ
ϵʳȳҪһЩҶٻܵܽһʲƵѧѣеǮѾʣ޼ˣȻҪϸ㣬˷ڳųԣȷڿ죬ˮȫˣӢֻܾǣԼٷ棬θڵȷҲЩܡ
aʡʡʱѾǵڶҹ˻վȻҪùסˣҲ룬ҶٻʹӢȥұһЩ˽õ꣬ѵ龰ЩƣҪˣҪ˼ҽྻ˺üңŪòӢܶˣһǿȥõס£Լסһϴּĵ˷Ӣȴ˵䴲Ĵ̣Ǵүǣе˯ͳɡ
ӢҲЩƣˣڴ˯㣬ƺûã͸оڴԼ
ȴҶٻѾվԼĴߣһĴһɫƻ˿ʵȹ¶ѩ˫磬ǰɫ˿࣬˿ȸĵط˿ߣȻױüëϸ䳤õɫ࣬ںһµķȦһβഺƯ޹ˣΪ֮ţͷΪ֮żǵӢͬݵ˶ĲൽȻǱۣһһģȰɫͳԵ
ŮӣӢҲֻ΢΢һιҶٻô磬˯Ű쿴ȥ˯˯
˵žñסͷ
Ȼ˯徲գ֮䱻Ӿ͸Ҷٻƿˣ̫ɹƨˣϼˣ֪ж˼ȥǻǵλãɵ㣬һǮǧĵȥ˱ҾҪúѿ
ӢֻüԸ˴ϴּȥϴֻһͨɫѿˣӦƸְλǱҲò̫ҡ
ܿ˾˽֣ŷaʡʡǵȷǽ÷ǳƯĴ֣̻ݺύţŮŮʱУڵ·ϲʱɼţȷִеգҶٻڵsʵڲͬն


 032 (2)
ǱֽϵǵĵַҪʿȷ鷳Ҷٻʹȥһʿڸʻϣǵַø˾
˭֪˾ֻƳһ۱ֱֽ
Ҷٻæιι˾磬㿴û壬ȥ㣬ɱҴǮһӶҲḶ㡣
˾ʱЦǲҪȥñ𣬷ģġ
Ҷٻûַ˾磬ô֪ģ
˾һ߿һıֽЩűֽĿѾкüˣÿ𡣡
Ҷٻһæģ⣬⣬
˾ǲ챨Žֹʵ̫ˣҿҪȡǱȿʿѡ
ҶٻԣҲһôѡ
˾ȻйһϼŰʲôнˮĹ˾Ҫ߳һС㣬ûпһȥ˾Աѵ࣬ǳĻɱʲôϷӰѧҪö࣬ȻҲˡ
ӢϼſԺϼŵô£Ĵʼ˭
˾˿϶ʱֵܣϼźĴʼ˶Ǻٶ㣬ϼŲйҵţҴʼaʡ˵Ľ
ӢͷһҺ˵
ôɵĻ˾㱻ˮסˣ̲סӷ⾵ϵӢܡ
ҶٻˣӢܸԼ˾Դָָʾ⡣
˾Ȼ˵ͷϼŵĴʼż񣬶ԱŮţȻҪവµ˵λǿ˲ã˵ҲĸСΪݺ쾩ѧǺ֪ôľķ˼齨ϼţԽԽҵҲ漰ԽԽ㣬ڳΪйһҵţĽǣܻ˶飬˭Ҳ֪жٸŮˣ˭Ҳ֪жǮһʡǣÿʮһֱļ﹤˾ʡҲ˲֪ʡ˭Բ˲֪
ҶٻȻϼŵ¶꣬ʱҲ̾ˣˣˣ˾磬˵ʧٺܾˡ
˾һͷ߰ˣ˵룬ôҲ鲻˵һա
Ҷٻأô
˾ЦǻȮӣĴӣʧ֮ܾϼŵдȨЩϼŸϣ˭һķָΧߵŮֱһʦˡ
ҶٻҲǱлģôһ˵йû˵
ʿܿ͵һΰɣʮߵĴ⡣
˾ָָϼŵܲǽȥɣнӴС㣬һʾ֪ﱨˡ
ҶٻлһӢ˳
һεĻҶٻҲЩҲƽʱӯӢܣ̳飬ȻԵģһȻӣҶٻҲתһ⣬ȻԼһˡ
˴ȻһɫôʯɵĽӴ̨վò㣬ĽӴС㣬ЩսƷɫְҵװ¶΢ЦòĻشǰȥѯˡ
ҶٻӴСòȻȲԼЩ࣬Աѵ˲żüãйʮˣռȫ֮һƯŮӶ಻ʤ˭ָ˵Լ
ʱҶٻһɥżֽʱаٷְٵİտӰĻý˾Աѵ࣬ʡǣ˾ͱĺֻܶ࣬߳ɰգ˿̻ûȥֻӴС㣬ܽѵ࣬Ѿʣɵİˡ


 033 ӦƸ(1)
˽Ӵ̨ҶٻһСã˾ԱӦƸʲôط
СȻѵأΪҶٻֻһӦƸ߶˿¶ЦֺĵλСã˾Ŀڶʮ¥Ƹʮ¥²뵽ȥʣòã
ҶٻлعӾӢܵɵûУȥʮ¥Ҫʮ¥ι費Ҫȥ
ӢܵЦЦȴҡҡͷ
ҶٻǺãֻŻ
˵žóڱż֤ݸӢܵⶫϼǲɵˣʵڲУ⻻һҪ󲻸ߵģƾţģǮǾûġ
˵Ż˾߽˵ݣҶٻȰһ¶ʮ¥ְӢܰʮ¥
һ·У͵˶ʮ¥ҶٻӢһСĵʽ˳ȥϼűĻҪӴ棬żٵ֤žųɾǳԲɵĹֻѰ·ˡ
ӢܼУϼŵ֮ܲ󣬾һֱĴۿͼҵԼԿףϼ֣һж˵İģһʶľͷûС
ܿ͵ʮ¥Ӣ˳ȥͼ²ӣȴѾվˣڰ£ȴһű
ӢܹȥһԼ˰ͷĺʵʣõʲô
ӻعͷһ۵ô㻹û𣬿쵽ȥá
˵ָָ
Ӣ˳ָȥȻ¥һ칫һԱ߻м֧ʡ
ǰ칫ԣһȴ֪ôⶫȥǺӵãܲܽһ£Ҳ֪дʲô
ǺҲûͰеıݸֵܣȰˣûϣģҴˣֻʮˣȴİٶ˵Ѿ¼ȡ˺üûָˣûָˣҪҴԶףˡ
ӢҲ˵ʲô֮⣬յȫܿдãӣ˺档
ֵһ󣬾ǰ˵ţλϵͲվͤˣҪٶһװϣûģȥԲˡ
һǰ˶ĴԶôõĶӣԵĻᶼûУȻҪɧ
ɧɧҲûа취ǰ˺ܿһ룬ֻʣʮˡ
Ӣһװ壬ʮвߣҲվ˹ȥš
һͼһְԱģ˳Ƕһ
⻰ʮδ󺺱˽ȥһдּ䣬͵һǿİ칫ңһʮ꣬׾˹ģŽ˿۾Ӿ˫ֽһźİ칫ĿϣŽЩˡ
ְԱһָ²ѧǵƸȫ
ʱ²ѧѾݵʮ󺺿һ飬ûʲôرı飬ֱƵӢܣʱһҲ˵ֻ˵ǰһһ׾ӵ㣬Ķˡ
ְԱкʮһӳȥЩ󺺼ѧԼûͺˣŭɫȨ˼ϣҲûа취˳ȥ
ѧʱҲվߵǰеȸӣֻȼӢܵı£һӾҪһͷ
ӣֻ˵ͷټӢܣʱ֮ɫúãǰҡ
ӢܾǴ߸ӽõ˹ȥѧֻԵĿһ¾ͷڰ칫ϣȻҶ󻪣պհ³֪Ϊʲôѡ𣿡
Ҷ˵߸պհ³Ҳ֪ˣȴڸѧҡͷЩţƺںݹ
ѧʱ˰칫˵Ϊù磬ܾԷԸ˵ģ˵ԭվǴıԳŵɣҪ»ˣǹ˾Ȼʮ˵ĹҪнˮȻҲߣְͬλҲòġ
ֻպհ³ϰ壬ģһɺõġ
ѧ˵ͷϣˣǼסҲϰ壬ϼţϰܾܲǱķǣûУ
պհ³ֵˡ
ѧӢһֱĬҶ󻪣񲻰˵
Ӣ΢΢һЦ˵Ҫվ𣬲˵Ӧûϵɡ
ѧһ㶣ʱҶ󻪵ļһЩģʵڹȥܾˣ׼ԼµҲȥƽϣˣǶֻ룬һһ֪ͨıȥһʱľѵ
˵վһߵλְԱС֣ȥСʵһݣȻᡣ
Ӣæҵ֤ˣûвھֿ֤㿴ܲУ
ͳҶٻŪż֤
֤Ū˵³зѧҲֻ֣ſһ֤ͷһߡҶֻվŸڣҪõػû֤ҲǺܴ󣬲˾зǳϸƶȣΪ²в㣬ǾΥġ
µҶ󻪣û֤ǲܵǼнģҲǸ˲ţͨһ£µڣǼŹ˾ʽԱ㽫µ֤ٵǼǣнˮȴȫţÿǧ㿴ô
Ӣܵͷã
ѧһֵˣȳȥɣҺ;Ǳϵˣͻ֪ͨǣҪ׼ʱ


 034 ӦƸ(2)
Ӣպհ³ӦˣԼֻ룬߳˰칫ңպհ³֤ȥǼᣬӢܾͳ˵ݵʮ¥ȥҪҶٻôˡ
˶ʮ¥߹¥͵һʱѾվ˶ֵഺŮÿһжһֵԲƣڵŽкš
ߴӢ˽ȥ˴ҵע⣬Ͼ棬پ£׾ӢӷǳĶ࣬Ӣ治ʵں
Ӣ۹ͼҶٻȺг˳ҲһƣһסɵɵңôˣҪ֤ûУ
Ӣܵˣ£û֤Ҫ
Ҷٻϲģ̫ˣ㵣¾£ܻᷢнˮɣ˵˶Ǯ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ˣǧ
ҶٻһֵϼžϼţȻִ󷽣ɵ㲻֪棬һнˮٵİ˾Ű٣ǶҲᳬǧҲԻһԪȻҲȴһЩ
Ӣǲмֻ֪֮Լϼûĳֹϵʱ䣬ҲܹףңҲԼһޣûʲôջҪ뷨ŪǮȻרˣǮôŪԸ룬Ŀ϶û⡣
΢΢һЦιҶٻô
Ҷٻ˾ԼɣôˣǶţڲŽеһٶʮš
˵յӢɵһʵұŮΣɲƨ
ӢĻһŮӣȻҶٻ˫峺Ĵ۾ǶȲ㡣
ҶٻƨûУ
Ӣܵ˵ˣ㲻Ҳƨɡ
ҶٻûдǺܿɰһЦǺǣ۹⡣
˵⻰üëȴǳ˳úÿҪգҳ趼ûس¡
ӢʱһιҶٻ㲻ôû־ɣûϳžͷˣɱܵʧ
Ҷٻһʱֱͦ˭˭û־˭ŷˣɵ˵ɵɵͰ˵˵ˣҴ˲С˹ƽϡ
Ӣ֪Ӳҡҡͷٶ˵
һ󣬾йԱѵ͸ÿμԵԱӢҶٻһݣһȻмţȲȣϼţͦ󷽰
ֹ˺þãҶٻűŮһеȥԣֻ˴ԼʮңͼıʮСƵĹȻЦٻŭţ˵Ѿͨˡ
ȻûеȵӢܷʣҶٻɵ˵ղҽȥʱͦţ֪ôԼĲգôţҸվãԵʦ͸ͨˣҪĸԣ֮󶨶ᡣ
ӢܵǲǻиôҲòô˷ܰɡ
Ҷٻôһô˷ܣɵ㲻֪ߵʱĸŮڱֱֱͨͨ㶮𣿡
ӢһͷʦЩŮʦЩ
ҶٻŮôأ
ӢܵƱƱ㵱Ȼֱͨˡ
Ҷٻһ㶣žͷӦݺݴһµð㣬ɵԽԽˣˣ˵ҿƯסЩʦԲŲñݣǲǣ
ӢܹȥʮľеֻѪȣû˺˵Цģټߴ뺷ʵҪϣʧ䣬ÿʵҶٻˣνǱĬָЩʵƵԸЦҿû˵Լ˵ġ
Ҷٻȴûͷ̧𣬶ӢܵĵǰҾǳƯûݼҲûϵЩŮҲһĻƿҽ͵һƿԱֻҪҲƬ꣬ĵڱָһָһʲôﲻں
˵ŻӢչչˡ
ӢʱҲ̲סˣЦ
Ҷٻ⻹ǵһμӢܷĿЦҲ˵ĿģǵôȺӦԵŮŮͶ˲мĿ⣬ҿǹ˳Ҳ嶤£õЦô


 035 
ãûʲô£ҶٻȻٻԩǮʿҲһaʡʹaʡĵضΣȻӢһʿǰȥ
߸վ͵aʡҵʱɫҲʼҶٻûԶţʮɫľ޴棬۴αȵĸ̣һֱ¶ź˷ܵ龰ڸﴩȥȫ֪ƣ룬ֻӢôһѪһɱ֣Lŷɥ޿κεĸƨɺ棬ֱӶýˣ顣
ҶٻԼҲˣ߱߿ײżһװ޵ͦţ꣬ʹӢ˽ȥһ۸ƣȴsи߳࣬ͷӢһҪһ룬˿Ĳǰ
棬Ҷٻ˷ܣɵطǴطȻһ㿴ôĵطȴһǮû滮㡣
Ӣȴĵطҿûã㵹ʹ죬ֻȥ˯ˣ˯Сʱ
Ҷٻ־ʹһµޣҶûۣһ˻˼ۣûϢ㣬Ҫ湻췴û£˯˯ɣұ֤㣬֤
˵žͺľ֡
Ӣܵ˯δأǸŵ˵ǱҪʲôѵ˵ϵ˾֪ͨң˭֪ʲôʱ򡣡
Ҷٻʱû绰һǸˣɵʹӦҰɡ
ӢܵĶ棬˵Ż˫۾һһĺڷ⣬Ӣͷһ޿κεĵããһΣ²ΪûУ
ҶٻʱĵЦУɵҾ˵ɵĺá
ӢüιҶٻѾܾˣֻʧ䣬ʲôʱɵˣǴɵɵĽУ
ҶٻԲ𣬴ɵ֪㲻ɵҽйˣʵڸĲɣһʱҲ㣬űһע⣬òã
Ӣܶûа취ֻõ˵ͷ
ţݳӢܵȥ
ҶٻȻϼŵйˣҸղţϰˣǰ棬һ͵˵ˡ
˵Ż˾ǰȥչһ䣬ʱͼǰһ߲ߴ¥ż޴ĲʵƣǡйС֡
˽ȥȴ߲¥ǵƻͨÿһ㶼вͬĳУ˵صĻУsҲгУģС׼ףҶٻѽ԰Ƶģ￴ŲҲʣԼȫһӡ
Ź䵽㣬ﴫһλСѹ˿̳ӪҵҶٻżԸĸӢŵ¥ȥ
˴ţҶٻȴܾû˵
Ӣ̲סҶٻʲô
Ҷٻ̧ͷɵڲ֪ǮĺҪˣôĺöֻܿţ˵Ҫһ죬棬ҪʲôʲôǸжð
˵Ӣܻش𣬾ͺȻ֣һŬƵҷģһҪŬ׬ǮʵԸɵ˵𣿡
ӢһϣҶٻܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
޻ҵн֣ʿվһξ룬˲żĬĬš
ҶٻʱȻԼɵıӰƹͶںһ𣬶ɵƺһСɽһԼסʱһ˵İȫУʱͿڻ˵£кȻһͻͻͿҪþڷһæͷţߵĴɵԼĲ̬


 036 (1)
˵ڶ죬ӢϣȻûʲô˯ãֻˣȴõı鳤֪ͨϵüϣ׼ӪȥΪڰµѵ
ӢܾãȻ̶̵ֻ˯СʱѾȫ棬ӵ绰Ӵһ𣬴¿㣬ҴȥϴּϴڣܿŪˣߵҶٻķţȵʵĻӦ㽫Ҫȥѵ˵ˣҶٻֻšһû𻰣˯ȥˡ
ҶٻһǧԪǮùС̯һӢܱ߱߳ԣȻʿʱǳ߷壬Сʱ֮͵ãȻһӴƷıڼϣպհ³ҲС
Ӣ˹ȥһʮ꣬һװңĿӹʲô֣
ӢܵҶ󻪡
ӷ˷ϵһűȻ̧ͷ¶飬ñڰ鳤ǵѵҴӣܻ࣬Ҫ˼׼
Ӣܵ˵ͷֵȥվãٵˣǾҪˡ
Ӣܾ˹ȥպհ³ڶԼ΢ЦŵͷҲЦŻӦվԱߡ
ûãʮеıˣһϼֵո°ʿʡ֮ȥ
Сʱ֮󣬾͵˽һطԶͼһţ˳ǹֱһվţſںһբˡ
ڸʻλϣָǰĴŵλͬ£ҰսľӪפһţȫǺģ˾ɫһλųѵǣǧҪ˾ûУ
ôһ˵˾֮⣬ϵʮλӺĻشС
˾ӪĴ⣬Ӿͣˡ
ȥֵڵʿһǵʼ¶ĵ·ϳ
˾ѾϤˣڿĵϻʻƹһʿᣬ͵һĲٳϣʱʿڽѵеϰе߶УҲеڴС
մŴȥͼһʮ£еģ沿Եýʵӭ˹ϵľȴξų
ξǰЦֵˣм
ξǳ죬ʮʶӦñǰǿһЩǼȥ
ξӢܵһŶȻЩӣⶫҪѵѵ֪
˵ͷͷʮµҰ߰վá
Ļʮ󺺱߰һſվãƵպհ³Ȼվ˵һλӢֻվ˵ĸ֪ôģһ˾ӪȻѵһǹһѪڵĸоȻԼȥǲҲ
ʱߵҸǰξһָλͬ£λҸ˵ų궼õһѵǣǵúõĽ£вϸģôͲܽ빫˾ûУ
ʮĻش𣺡ˡ
˵ͷ߸ֵųҪˡ
Цŵ˾ڵܸսʿʣӦǸл˾ʢǣѵˣֻǾ֮͡
˼䣬Ź˾ĳȥˡ
һߣü˲ٳĲݵϣȴʼܴĵϢȫ
ʹұģ˵ĻȴһӲΥƣеıֶվˣӢȴֵãȻû˿ηλξųȴΪȻҪѵҪԵķӣͬƤЦʵӡ
ȵվãͺ˼硰ǰת֮Ŀ˵ʵӢǲϰߵģķӦȴ˳ˣÿһ۽ԱߵһƳܼͬʱɶֻһ֮󣬾ܼסñȱ˸׼
׵ľͷģ뺷ᣬȴӢܣעüֽۣдȻָָӢܣУʲô֣ע⣬شʱҪ档
Ӣ̵棬ҽҶ󻪡
Ϻо֮磬˵ͷȥǲǵ
ӢܶһʵҲ֪棬ûС
ʱЩʧѾгˣʮһѵ㵣ΰ೤⣬Ҳ㸺ûУ
ӢûԼʲô೤ԥĴˡ
ãСȵӢվãǵѵѾźˣǰϣȻѵվˣѵǳ࣬˭ҪǳԲ˿࣬ʱԷ˳ǲľˣȨ˳ûУ
˿Ȼû˻ϼţǿһǵʮʱ䣬ҧҧ͹ȥˣ˭ɵúˡ
Ҳ֪ųǿЦģҿʼѵеϣ˭Ҫ˲˰Ļ߿˰ģͻᱻһĺ߳ҸݵǣмȻûʲôϢʱ䣬ֻƵϰ򵥵Ķǿֻۣһʱ䣬˵Ѿˡ
Щ֮У߳ٵպհ³Ӣܾ͸ûܵһκ߳Ӣȴպհ³ԼĬԣ˵˵䣬Ҫֹ֮ͣһ㣬Ҳûȥʣȴ֪պհ³ɹźӡ


 037 (2)
ڶ磬ҪӢܴԼԼȴһѵʿպհ³˶Ӣʹɫ˼ҪЩһֻ۱һֻۣʱȥˣ˭֪ӢܱҪᣬҪøϣʱ˲ٰ۶Сӣʱνİ೤ȴżë𵱹ٵˣǼ˵Ĳ¡
۶鷭۶ǰӢײϣֶ˭˭£Ҳʮ־ԶԶվһ߼ˣһֱû
˵һ缯ϣˣȴǿʼϰվֱƣҪ˫Ȳ£´˫ǰҪһֱţҪĸСʱ֮ϡ
Ƽ򵥾ֹĶȴԶȲҪѵöֻ࣬վСʱ֧Ųס˽ţڵҲվʣӢպհ³ܹⷽѵˡ
ĸСʱһһεĹȥȻǴ֮ʣվ˱ȴȫˮʪˣ㻹Ŭ֧š
ĸСʱûнͣԶԶѵһʿԽϰƺѾߵ£Ҳֲ֧סˣ½ɵ˵ϣֻӢպհ³ͦһ
ʱֹȥһСʱѾ͵ʱ䣬ǲɢʿ˹ˣҲ¶֮⣬˻ֵȥԷ
ǰֶ⻰⣬ʱʳ÷ȥ
һȦܺãܺãܹվôãѵı֮лûУԷʱˣҲ֪ǻվãɣҸǼһССѶȣ˭ֵܹ󡣡
˵ž߿ˣһͱʮשÿשһѣķĶѣȻӢܡպհ³վשȥٱȡ
Ӣպհ³͸שվȥ֪שվڵվǼһѶȣҪѵöֻ࣬Ҫ΢һӾҪҡҡ׹˴ʱ棬ӣ͸˺ʤ飬ҧš
ӰУ˰Сʱֻպհ³ͷϴŴŵĺӹ΢һΣһֻѾ˵ϣҲվһƨȥҡͷˣˡ
ӢʱҲשպհ³ʵټһҲˣҸߣأЩǴƽ
˵ȴʵȲѾʼˣٹӣһֲ֧ףպհ³飬䣬ûʲô˵ģɹ˵Ը񡣡
ʱʵѾе𾪣ֻԼҲδܹվôãҾҲҲӢܵʵǾˡ
ӢܲڵϢļҶ󻪣ôϢϢ
ӢЦЦѿڵվѾˣ̫֮и˾ͻпɳ֮
⻰ʵ˵ģȥľйأȴһȫ벻⻰һͨı֮ڣ뺷ֲĺѾʼ࿴
վѵҲˣҪʼ뼼ѵһĿĿǸо
⸺оҪǹеҰ⼱оݵεĲͬһʱƣӹ涨ǹеǲģ׼ͬصʵ棬ָ·ߣһȥһԼʮ·涨Сʱһأ˭ҪܹɣͿݼٻָٻָѵ
мٿݣڱ˷ܣƽʱĽų̣ʮ·Сʱһأûġ
Ӣȴǳѣǰʮѵ龰λųİ٣ֻ²ôݡ
Ȼ·ͼֻ߳һ·᫵ĴɽɽǳĶеĵطҪٸϣ·ÿﱧŶʮʵҪСʱɣʵѶȼߡ
ʱڱſʼʲôݼٰ죬˵úȫһüȴԲŵƻ·ҪƴϵģܻҪա
ʮвǰʮﻹֶܱΣظϵʱ򣬾Ϳʼ˵ˣʱӢȴһɵľٶȥںһϵ˹ͽ׷϶顣
պհ³Ӣܵٶû˵תסһı
ӢʮŲȴȻݣһߣһߴĺšͣϡ֮ĿںţҲʱȥɽ
ĸ֮£ڱһɢɳ۳ɽᣬһңҷһ㣬໥ϣܿķɽ˾Ӫ⣬Сʱ
Ӣܽ˻ص˲ٳ￴ֱţʮһҲе⣬ĵ˵ͷܺãܺãǰɽ֮ͬǺСʱģǹ˾֮Уǵһܹȫڹ涨ʱ䷵صģֵý
˵Ӣһ۵ã˵㻰粻ѵǺúϢһ£쿪ʼѵɣôˡ
ųԷż٣ҶΧӢ˻ǰЩԹڴʱȫ⣬µֻд۶ľ


 038 ϧ
֮ʱڱڴʮѵõϢӢȴպհ³ڲֻͣţ¶е΢Цȴᣬɹźӻ˵һ棬ֻһˣضһλƯĹ
˵ڶ죬Ϳʼѵøֻ֮ж̶̼죬ȻǼ򵥣Ҷһ˿ţӢȴЩʶĸоԽԽԼӦӪйϵҲԼǲǾһְҵˡ
պհ³øԵǱ׾ܲ׼ڱЦպհ³͡ߡһǺûãɹˤЩ
һȥ侯ӷ۵ıͰ뿪Цĵպհ³úøɹˤԡ
պհ³ˣԾԡ
˵žߵһߣš
ڣҼкϷɿ˺壬Χм䣬ӢҲպհ³ɹˤԲк
˾һ󣬾ͼǱαһȭбպհ³в»ȥݣȻЩס
պհ³Ȼߴ󣬷Ӧȴʱ˺һ
ǱΪԼһۣȥץ󲿹ؽڡ
Ȼʱպհ³˷˫һץס죬ŽһǱֻûеݵպհ³ĸǰһƨ˵ϡ
ˤһӣȴվһպհ³Сȥ
պհ³ȴһֵǰ˫סļ磬͵һƣһȴײϣǱһһ֮վסɵ˵ϡһУɹˤеġˤԭɹˤУҪľץˣҲѡֻҪץסԷ͵˵ȡ˽ͷصȨץ˵ͬʱҪעµ˶һǲõץסԼѰһƵУˤСţȫˡҲ
պհ³׵ľˤʱЦҾ˵ˣǺʲôø񶷲ã¶һ֣ˣͬʱҽôˤǡ
պհ³Ц뻰ڱȻʱֳģˤǱ˱һպհ³ȥ
һպհ³˵ȭ֮вסĲߣҲζʱʱʱƵһһȴһƯĹˤŪڵϰ
պհ³ˤˣˣƵӢܣȴ¶֮⡣
ڱͦӢܣΪҵͷ죬оպհ³ӦһƴҶͷȥѵѵ
Ӣһֱպհ³ĶʱѾֻҪ˱ץסӲѱˤĽ۹ȴȻպհ³ʺ̫ѨŵȴֻԼӦûĵط
Ҳ֪ЩطкΣգҡҡͷˣ棬ѧģһѧ˶ô
պհ³վһֱһ˱ʤĻᣬҶ󻪣ôҲ䣿
Ӣ⻰ҲЩŭˣټͣţԼҲܴܲɹˤ֣˵ͷðɣһ£պհ³ֽˣһŪ㣬ϣҲһҪȫҪҿŹƽ
պհ³ˤɹҲģʤԼãҪԣȻҪ飬ңҾ
Ӣߵǰ
պհ³Ҳ֪Ӣ˶Ȼͬ˫ȫע
ʱӢܺȻ磬Ѹס
պհ³˽ٳľˣûмôˣҲһһ߽ĶһȵӢܿԼ
Ȼû뵽ǣӢÿһγ֣þҲûȫΧպհ³ͣתӣ֪Լʲôط
պհ³ҲжԵо飬ôȻʶԼġѡ֮Ը⵱ӴסĻᣬҲǲԷȦתĵԼ󣬾ݴͣѾռϷ硣
һӢƺѾסǰպհ³һȭ
պհ³սѵһϲ˫֣һֻȥץӢܵؿڣһֻȴȥץļͷ
ۿžҪץסӢܣȴȻԱһŻȥպհ³һֻôҴջȥ񵲣ӢȻУһֵ
ôһϾͬӢܾߣֿɴԼ壬պհ³Ҳ޷ݴͣʵʵĵҴ⣬òӢܵθı䶯ٶʼҪӢһģһŪЩ֧穣ӢܵĽŲˡ
ӢѾ׼ʱٴһУպհ³ŲǰƣѾ࣬켲ޱȵƣҪʺȥ
øվ֣ʶֻҪպհ³ˣʱı˷պհ³Ժ
պհ³ֻǱһУǰһڣԵڵأһʱûж
Աߵı״æ̽źűѨպհ³ƤûþȻˡ
պհ³һѣ뵽Լղŵƣȴһһ־ǰȥ˸ɹľ⡣
Ӣȴһסֵպհ³磬ղֳˣʵڶԲ𡣡
պհ³ҲʵʵҶͷͦأ׹ȥҲשͷҲûΰ˵˶Цǲʶϧ
ȵڶ죬ͿʼѵԽϰӢȻ˵һ


 039 (1)
һĿĿϼԼĽڻ˹ĳǹ֤רŵıԱЯʮûʲôģѵֻΪһ˽⣬Աʱ֮衣
ӢǹָеһĪ˷ܣһǹʱ˸ʮеľһ뵽Լݲ򲻿ɷͷ̫¶͹ƫ׼ǣ˼߻˻ҵ˵Ҳǲˡ
ʮȫ֮ͰӢպհ³һֱϿʼЦ⣬Ҷ󻪡պհ³ЩֵòǺȾƣвУ
̹ȾƣӢպհ³вģ¾ʹӦˣڲٳϴһ͸һҲ󣬵Žľ¥
˲ˣͿʼȾƣξĲߣ־˰ȵĵͼԾƣպհ³ɹҲǺȵҲҾƣӢܺ˼ڣȻģо
˶ǲƿ׵ˣҲ㾴ҾȥͺȣþƱò
һ󣬶Щ΢Ҷ󻪣պհ³ѵıɫҶ󻪣ر㣬߱һְҵ˵Ǳʣֻһʵǿϧˣϧ˰Ҿһӽǲǽ̹ѧĹϵѣѡ
ӢҲŪԼʲôˣ˵ʲôѡۣҲЩãѡ
һںȥ
ƣֻؾȻպհ³պհ³ǲʶҲѣǲǣ
պհ³Ҳ˷֮⣬Ҷ󻪣֪պհ³ɹ˼ʲô𣬽ͻҴǲ˵ģҲҪǽһҶͷ
˵վ͸ˡ
Ȼͷ˾໥ƣպհ³ųľôôڻһξų
ɫһ̾̾ⶼԼûʲôĻٸߵλûа취ȥټǴͨʿģǳ˽ǣ±ѵҡ
Ҳˣ˵Ǳ𿴲ֻһųҵ־ʦҲ֪ϸҺΪѵ¾³ܣһƨҷһ
Ӣպհ³Цͬʱٱʹ
ƶȵòˣʱպհ³ֻɫȻһ䣬æúã
žվųҶͷе㼱Ҫȥ죬һ
ææҲȵòˣһ߰ɡ
˵˾˳ȥ̨պհ³ǰ棬ƺܿ˳
Ӣۼ⣬ٶжʱΪӣպհ³ˬȴôСʵڲһֵѡ
첽ߵ̨ǰˣȴһٳֻա
պհ³ߵúܼ¾¥ʱ򻹲㻹ˤһӣӢкȻһƽʱ龰һʲôԼ׵ԭ
˾ĳҪǣպհ³ȽеʿˣӢܷûʲô£֤Լ뷨˵£˸ʿĳ֮
ʿʻȥľ͵˱ǵһϣպհ³ĳһܴҽԺͣ˽ȥӢܾ;ĸš
Ĵ¥͵˺סԺӢܹȥʱպհ³Ѿ˵ݣӢܲæȥ¥ͣ£Ŵ¥¥
¥ȴҵƵӣ׼Ĵȥһȴʿһ̨ææ¥ȥЩԤУ󣬽һĲͼѾվ˲ˣһ˫۽գɫ԰׵úĹڴϽȣߴպհ³ȻվĴǰƺڷ
Ӣ֪λӦþպհ³ͣŵˣʲôزɵһ̾
һǹϾϴ˵Σպհ³˴࣬ǹһֻ֣ʧȥһ㣬ճյҲûбˡ


 040 (2)
Ӣܼ龰뵽һʱպհ³ŵ飬ѾΪʲôСˣԼʵڴĺӣɸе
ʱȴһʮ꣬һ㲵긾Ů˹λ˭
Ӣæպհ³ͬ£
ôһ˵պհ³̧ͷҲһ㶣ֻ˵ͷûվָһ˿ҲɵǹҪԼȫһ
Ӣߵߵôˣ
պհ³Ȼ˥ߣѾֲˣڳų⣬Σա
˵̧ͷԸղźӢ˵긾ŮһʮӵĸȻȥϢɣôû˯ˣ϶סѵѾˣУҪŻѣҲûʲô¡
긾ŮѪ˿۾ͷҲã⼸ҪչˣҪϰˣϢһ£һ㡣
˵ŹǹѾݵͷϸ˸Ӣܵ˵ͷųȥ
ʱȵҽ뻤ʿȥˣǹ֮⣬ֻʣӢպհ³ˡ
պհ³۾ʼû뿪ȻгУҵŮѡ
ӢܡšһиúƯ
պհ³ĬĬĵͷȷúƯеŮ˶û
Ӣܵôʶģ
պհ³ĵʱһѧԭΣѾǲԭˤ֣Ҳͨʱ죬ɹ˾ٰĻڵʱǳ˷ͷÿһõһһ죬ȻסɹŰҵңһԼɵʻ˵Ҫ͸ҡʱЦúǲԭеĻȲϣһӾͱסˣȥϾͼǣǺĹ£Ǹ죬Ҳһֵһ졭
˵ȻЩˣҲǸ죬Ǳ˴˰˶ԷԼʹ࣬ںصѧУ󣬼ÿ춼ҪҴ绰ÿڻҪдţ˵Ǳҵ͵ԭԶһ𣬿ǡ
պհ³˶٣ǣ֪ôģҺܾûӵĵ绰ûнӵţֻҲŵģҲ֪Լʲôʲô⣬Ƕʱ䣬ҾǷ˷Ƶģÿ춼˯̲סϵĵַ˲ԭҵѧУ֪˺صҪѾѧˣѧУĵַҵңҵ֪׼ȥҽԺڵǮͰеĻ˳кܾǿ˵ʲôҲҪҵǮֱ˵ǽģƭ˵ҼҷǳǮŴӦǺЧȴܲ룬ҵǮѾҪùˣҵļҲͨҲòǮ˵ϼŵнˮߣҲ뵽ȥӦƸ
ӢҲǸжǲϵĹպհ³ģŮѵĲκõġ
պհ³˵ͷҴûлģлõģһõģڿҶеĸ飬ֻҪ֪ҵģͻ᲼ֵġ
Ӣû˵ʲôֻպհ³ļ磬׼ҪߣȴҶͷ鷳һ¡
Ӣܵ˵
պհ³ںΣգҪҵǮǿܹһʱ䣬ϼ˵һҲȥˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˳ȥǳأպհ³úӣϣܹһɡ
˵ڶ죬ϼŵĳӪӢǵ˾ʽϰ࣬Ӣܽպհ³¸˵ˣҲеϧϼŵûӦƸʱеһվڣӢˣڣÿվСʱ
ӢܶʲôȻûʲôȤֲ֪ԼӦʲôʱţȴܹԼҽԺ뷨ŪǮ
ҶٻѾ˳ͨ˸ԣΪӰĻý˾ǩԼԱҪרҵѵ
סĹ˾ñȽԶҹ˾ΪԱģеĶǷѵÿֻһԱҶٻһżپҪӢܣԼ֣޵Ůʱǵһͬ¶ӢܴĽҪͣӢҲúǷֱ硣
ѵȥ˰£ܿ͵нˮʱ䣬ӢǧԪǮһ¾ǵҽԺǧԪպհ³պհ³ѾҪǮˣû˿ƴǣУҲûж˵лֻ֣г˸м
Ҷٻ֪Ӣܵнʱ䣬ܿʹ˵绰ȴֻûǮ£ҪԼ׼Ӣܻһ£ȥ̵һ˹Ϲˮ׹ȵҶٻԼʱ͸ҶٻüЦһ١


 041 СħŮ(1)
һ죬ֵӢվڣͼһɫ¿Ŀ˹ҲԱߵֱͣӾڴõſͣˡ
ʱѪĵһɱӢı֣һվĸͤϣſǾͣģƽʱҲû˲عأţ˹ȥǼʻҵĳǰ˵㣬ʾ⵽ͣȥ
Ľ¶һӵףӢܣ۾Ѿ¶˳Ц֮⣬ĵġ
ӢĿѾŭˣô
ӵ֪֪˭ĳ
Ӣܵ˭ģﲻ׼ͣͣȥϡ
ǱȴɱɷǱˣҲһ㶣ֻͷȥһ˵С㣬㿴ô죿
ʱǳĺžʹˣһŮʮͣһɫߵѧװһɫܱںڳ˳ĴԲԲգ򦣬ϸüëһ˫峺СɵıӣӣݣƤѩϸ֬һ֪Ǯ˼ҵŮ崿ӦûڶС
ŮߵӢܵߣ̧ͷۣ崿¶ʻһЦݣ۴һָ˵Լ߳һͷӢܵͷ
ӢܼŮͦɰΪҪԼʲô£΢΢˵ͷ
˭֪ʱŮ崿ϺȻֳ˺֮ɫȥ
ӢǺεȵķӦŮɫ죬˾ȵԼĶ⣬ֽץס
ŮֻԼֺһǯӼסһ㣬ʱӴһ
˾״Żŵס֣ס֣û۵ļһ֪˭ܲõŮܾèDDС㣬СӾҶ񣬲Ҫķ
ӢܵĴѾµ붯ִ˵ŮȻϼʲôϵ˾Ļ֣ҲᣬĵҵǮҲ£ǷҪˣԲұ˺ˡ
Ļ񣬿˵СûģһӴ֪ô졣
ʱȴӴڴҴææ˳᲻סĵС㣬С㣬ԲʵڶԲģʶ㣬ԭ¡
˵Ӣʹ˸ɫҶ󻪣С֡
ӢŽɿ
ƵԼ󶼱߸ˣƽδеܴ裬ܹŵӣã֣㣬Ѿˣ̵ȥ񲿽ˡ
ӢѾ׼΢΢ЦЦժͷϵñӣ˵ϡ
Ķƣѩ׵Ѿͨ죬ԷѾǸ׹˾ԱԼҲ޿κΣֺݵӢһۣʹһţ߽˴á
ԶȥıӰͬӢܵôСħŮ崿ǳĵܾҲҪ˵㣬˭Ҳ˵ϻˣҶ󻪣ԲһֱܺãųҲ߹ң˵ǹ˾ıһ˲˲ţҲǰĪ
Ӣҡҡͷ鳤㲻˵ˣҲû׼ˣжŮ
ܲõŮ̫ˣжŮһԣ⹫ľֻһһᣬһ棬꣬Ըͦǫ͵ģѡְҵһ벻ȥ˰DDŮؾ˵ַǳɹ޵񣬾õν벻ͨһ֮Ůö˶˵ȥƴʲô
ӢܾһԼϼŲûʲôھӪʶĸоʲôϵҲʣ鳤ȥʣȾơ
˵ž͵ʮ¥񲿣ԼĽ˵һ飬˵Сµ񲿵˶û˵ͽӢܶɵİ¹ʽ۾Ҳǳͬ飬ϾϼŹнˮߣҸҲã޷ҵִˡ


 042 СħŮ(2)
ǮӢȥһ˱߳˴ãţ͹ȥ
˼䣬ͼһʮ꣬˿۾ţúܺõЦ˵ʲôеְԱˣ׷׹ʺá
֪Ӣûмˣ˽Զܹ˾ִиܣ˵͹ȥ˾ܾһܲʱҵľɲ
ӢܵŶ˾ȥһܾ𣿡
ǿɲǣܾûг֮ǰֳ֪ܲȥܹ˾ľһֱλܸ𣬿ܲʧܾ֮ͽܾλ˳Լȥغг˵ŷ޸
˵ţǺԶѾˣȴɫܲÿ壬ȥϰֺûзϣڶûһϢϱŲңʲô˼
ǺԶЦС㣬ܶܲõҲǳż뾡ڲѰȷǵֲȥˣȻһĸϾãôܶ
ټӢһߣܵĸ׽ǣСĸ׽лƣСĸ׽ܿҲʽܲ÷ˣһκܲһʧٵģʼҲµǰܣǺȴû˴绰ֲֻܲúЩŮ˵ʲôطʱ⣬޷֤ǸѽհܾѾͣûṩ
˵䣬ȴԽԽˣһƳۣѾűµӢܣ
вãæ͵͵Ӣܵѣʾ߿Ӣȴƫƫ෴ĳȥ
ܿվһʤߵЦݵι֪˭˰ɣ
ӢЦЦһµС
᱾һ٣ôһ˵ʱö㡭쵰
Ӣ۹С㣬ͻСֻһΣȻǮûκʸ˺ʹˣúõĸҼˡ
ӢܺȻ¶Ϭ񣬳ηһеĿҰ첻µزµʱеһη壬˼첻˵
ʱϽЦŹһС㣬ԲƢãһʶ
ȻסӢߡ
ӢܵǲڶŮһʶ׼߿
ʱȴᡰιĽһ
תͷߵǰָż°ͣϸϸһͷָֻ崿ЦݣţòӢ㹻ζͦԸģȥҲҶˡ
ӢССɷнµ˵ʲô㹻ζͦԸ֮ĻҲҡͷҪߣȴֵιʲô֣
ӢĵҶ󻪡
һͷҶ󻪣øˣ㣬ﵱÿµнˮ٣
Ӣܵǧ
Ϊ֮⣬ԭô٣»ô棬Ҳɵˣã£¹Ӷ㵱ҵıڣ԰סÿнˮԸԸ⣿
ԱˣʱĿɿڴʵû뵽СħŮ˼˱Ī⣬ղŻҶһһ۶ھȻҪнҶ߹ʺˡ
ӢҲǴ⣬ʱ͸պհ³н͸ܰˣұܱȱλҪһҪУٴְ崿ƢݵŮܹô
±˵ͷãû⡣
ʱЦҾ֪㲻Ǯȥڿʼʽϰ࣬ߡ
Ӣܾɫıȥ
ʱǺԶС㣬ɲУһ˸ߣôģҪڣһⰲźʵѣߣЩԼϲϡǵİţҶ󻪣ҿš
ӢܶݹվͤһûʲôͷֻҪԪܹﵽպհ³ҪԼڵĹǻǷ˹ȥ˺ţԼȴ˸ʻϡ
ԶȰԼӢڵͷи
æӦһ˳ӡ
ӢܵˣҪʰһЩϴ·
һüЩ·ʲôңͬѧǰҵԣȥҪҶ󻪴磬һЩɱһӱơ
ϢֿݵġйСʻȥỹӳӲ죬ͣĴߵԣ죬ǰ׳ȥ
ôģʮԪı׷˼ҵɣɣҶˣˡ
ֻԿС㣬ǻƽȰȫЩãʲôݣҪǳʲô£ﵣ㻹ǱˣʮĸףʮĶӣûйָһнˮҰУСûղҶԸ񡣡
ӢûϣûСûţôұȣС㣬ûǮӣͲ˵Ļˡ
ᱻôһ˵촽ཱུߣûǮӣѵҲܹ𣬱Щˡ
ӢֻֻһЦȴû˵ʱȻҶٻȣڼǿĵҶٻ֪˶ٱҪ֪ĸײһܵʱҲô󰡣ǵҶٻ˵һ仰˵ĺ統ҡһĵ


 043 СħŮ(3)
йСaʡڹа˼ң˾ȻλСҪȥܵ꣬ûãͽͣǴ߲ߵĽ¥¡
ԵţԼ¥ķװװС˭ϵС㣬Ͻ֪ͨ˲ž̾һŵ긾ŮææĹʺá
ŵװרѡֿ˧·ӢܻԣѡȫǺɫϵķѿˣȻ긾ŮһīʵӢ˺ҶٻȥĵӰɱʱ龰
ҪľЧȵӢܴһƤʵĺɫѿ˴īվǰ޵Ѿˣȡ֮һ飬šһͷûҶ󻪣绹ͦģЩͬѧ׼ҪĽ
ӢԼȥѡЩõ¿㣬ǩһŵʹӢܻص˳ϣ˵ߣؼҡ
ԴӦţ˳Ͽȥ͵һƬסլܽУȴȡһһɫһĶ˱ڵ̻·Ҳǿľм仹һ΢絴峺׵˹洦ɼģЩ
ЩָЩҶ󻪣֪˭𣿡
ӢһĿ֪ˣǲ֣
ǵȻҰֻ˴Ǯ޵ģ˾ĸ߲ԱסĶϼŵˣ··Ҳһ԰
ӢܶǮ˲ûʲôУͺЩһ㲻
ҫȴĺһգҪ𣬵һҶӾúܣδؿϳԼһСƢҲѹһѹߴͳ͵СӸԼ˵
ƽȵĿһı⣬ֱվϼűƷӣСĳӻǵբžͿˡ
ɫģһĲߵĴԲ¥Ա߻һЩСݣһƬɫƺһˮƵӾأȻһɴ֮
ӢܽǴԲ¥̾ʮ꣬ŮӶӭӡ
ָӢܵҵıڣҪЩסһǾڵ¥ʰһ䷿
һŮӶ϶ʱ¶Ϊ֮ɫȥү˲˵ñס¥𣿡
裬㲻Ǳڣοɲһְ䲻֪ôˣҪҲЩʲôãҿҶȻãʵӦܴͦģ϶á
ǾԵˣȻҶϽȥʰ¥Ҳһͷȥˣ˵¥ɳϣͣĴ绰ȴһЩѽڼۻᡣ
һպ˿ͷʾֻĵ𾢶͵˵ӢܣȻָָǿͷʾȥơ
ӢҲͽǷ䣬ֻһ䣬һСͿң⻹һϴּ䣬õ÷ǳĺ֪ôģӢȴҶٻǼխƽеС
뵽ҶٻӢܷе·ֻͨĵ绰
绰ֻҶٻͽͨˣ̵ιɵҳԷ
ӢƺЩˣɵͳԷû⣬Ҫ˵ɡ
ҶٻǻǹƵĵһڻѵ˾ֻѣҪˣȻҪ͡ڶˣ㻹ǷǮֻҪǮû㻹ҲֻܵϢұ۸ˣݺݳһٳ
ӢǰûЩЦˣιιҶٻ㱻˭۸ˣҪҪԷ֮͵ġ
ҶٻᣬôᣬѵǵʦһƽЩǩԼԱ¼ȡʸ񶼲ЩʦȴǿСŵѧУ죬лᵽҪǸЩ˵࣬˵ˣ
ӢıԹҶٻ뿪ЩôƯЩʦֲϹӣһᣬһġ
ҶٻǹʣղʱȴһЦɵԽԽ˵˰ҽԲɵˣٷվ绹磬㡣
ӢܵҶٻһ£Ѿ˾ˡ


 044 ұ(1)
绰Ҷٻʱʲôô죬ǲ֤ù˾ˣ
ӢܵǣҵС㡣
Ҷٻһνʲôᣬ˵ǸСħŮôˣ
Ӣܵĳͣڹ˾ſڣ뿪
ҶٻѽһˣˣҸղǱ㣬ɵԽԽղˣǸ׼ɨǣȥңںԼ
Ӣܵҵ¹ˡ
ҶٻȻĵʲô¹ѵϼнˮô
ӢܵҪһЩÿ򡣡
Ҷٻû˵һŵɵǲַˡ
Ӣܵ˭ˣıڣҾҵıĵ绰
Ҷٻ̱˵ģ̫ˣɵȥ˵ɵɵһţһӣнҪ൱ϼͨвнˮǺǣɵû׳ôһͷ
˵ʲôƵĵˣɵһ£һźúܣǧҪԲЩ˵ʲôʲôܵõģȰǮ׬˵ҲͿָˣѾ˴ʡһרԲҽԺ豸ǹȽģȥʣ˳һ¡
ӢҲŪԼǺãǾԼ죬ʲôҶ롣
Ҷٻޣʲô㶼룬Ϊнˮܶడ㣬ʡһٷ˼ܳԼʮٴţźǸСħŮɣϵ۱㣬š
˵ַЦ
ʱֻеҶ󻪣Ҷ󻪣źûУ
Ӣܻû˵Ѿڵ绰ˣǲСħŮڽ㣬ȥסҪ˳ҪǮȥ
ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣֻ˳ȥȴѾվ˴֮УǰվʮˣŮӶ⻹һЩӣģӦǳʦ֮ࡣ
ʱڲýۻҪЩʲôЩʲôȻҪһʲôЧÿ˵һصӦͷ
ӢվһȺ֮ĬĬᣬװۣˮˮĻŮȷ崿ɰٳɳ꣬Ȼһλ˲õĴŮҪ˵ֻ±˻ΪһĹԹŮȴԵ̫ᣬ̫Ŀˡ
ȵ˽ʹæȥˣһͷװŮӶȻӢܵҶ󻪣ҵҪһЩǮ㣬ɾҪ磬סҪ񡶺͵۹ܴī
ҲҪīӢܵĵһӦɵԼǾҶٻ˵С˳ģֻÿɷ
ΪӢˣҲŮӶ¥ȥԼҴȥˡ
Ӣ£߳ӣĲƺϣȴڰڷųһʮƽƺƶĶƺЩ˹ȥ˵˼ң㡣
ͽӹǻֱǰƶ
ǸмСֵܣллˣǰЩһ˸ðӻЩˣҪ꣬ĸðҸóҩ
Ӹֵˣţˣ˼˼ҵĽУһԼûõģСֵܣʲô֡
ӢԣһҽҶ󻪣壬㵽ܾ𣿡
ͷܲõļˣһ޳ɣҾ͵ˡ
ӢܵܲΪôȻʧ٣ǲǵ˭ˣ
̾һҪ˵ܲõΪˣû˵ģ˭ǳˣǴ˵ػǸλˣҲǸĺãһ˭ġ
Ӣܵλˣܲõķ˺ܶ𣿡
¶Ľ֮ɫʵҲʲôܣֵܣᣬִܻû˵ܲóúÿôǮȻŮˣҸƯúܣʱסǱӶʱʮֻܲǶʧ٣Ȼͼˡ
ӢͶϼܲ÷ǳ˵Сĸ׽ܿʽˣҲǸһʧ˵𣿡


 045 ұ(2)
ͷҪ˵ˣҲҪһķָһ£Ů˲ܰЦַǳǵһҼ֦֣ˣҲһˣҼеĴ̣һŮˣŮ˰ϧϧ
һ˵ţһҡͷ
ӢܵǰϧŮûѧĸ׵׺͡
ʱȻɫҶֵܣʵ㲻˽С㣬ǿģʵСʱͦͦһڻ԰ժҲǵģǺܲһʧ٣Ҫѧ⣬ȴض飬ֵŮؾûʱȻŮӹѧУ飬ЩͬѧȴʲôöˣűģҶֵܣȻСıڣҪЩͬѧԽԽ͹ȥͬˡ
ӢܶνģһǮһֻֻҪκ˺ˣ£ɹܲô࣬ݹ˶õġ
⻰Ȼܸ˵ֻ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
Ӱƣ㿪ʼһĺ˽ӳģЩʮ꣬δŮŴ綼Ǹţ͸Ͳ졣
ʱѾװϣʩʩȻߵĲƺӭֻͣһɫ۱ߵװͷûи죬˳´˫磬ͷϱһöɫļµĺӣͫںҫ޳εĽë°㵭üëֱͦıӣ촽СɶԲĨҺɫⴽ࣬ȹ΢ڵأԵ֮һֻСһ㣬ֻʮ֮߰꣬䣬ִЩʮСۡ
СȻѵãйһ֮ҵŮ˵ջ֪վекӶΧȡͬƷڣһЩͱŮվһҲ⣬ֻǲǰȥͦŮ빫ȣҲȻʧɫ
ӢܼЩŮǸСĲʮ꣬ҲʮǶܹõĽֹţвٳ˫ɶԣĥģƺѾܾˣҲ֪ǵĸĸ֪֪顣
ľۻᣬ׼ʳȻǶֶΧڲƺЩ϶˸ʽ㣬ˮרгʦ¯һտţ⣬ŮӶƣһŮΧǻЦʱһĺ֡
ҪҫԼж˲ӢܣһûԼķԸī˶ţ֪ƢԼҪȻְǻ²̨ҲֻˣֻǻҶ󻪣ţߵ͸ҪЩҪɱ֣ɱ֣㶮𣿡
Ӣܼɱֵ֡ʱгܣȻԼĵǳϷҲɵҡͷѵɱְҵô㣬ĸŮǿĽ
Ԥ뻹ȷģߴ뺷Ӣվе۹ⶼ˹žЩŮ֨֨ǰѯʣ֪ҰıʱĽϾȻ࣬͵̫٣ᣬӵеĹȻʲôõġ
Ӣ彲ĻվĬĬĹ۲ЩΧߵŮŮȴȻ˵ŻȴǰԱߣȴһŮ㷢ںڣһβƤǳףһſɰƻüĿ㣬ӣݣҲǸѵõСŮŻɫ£һɫϸë£һϸʮּˮƺȲŮȴƺãʲôóԵǵһչ
ӢܼŮȻ崿Ǻϸëµزȴ߸ߵ𣬺ôҲɰҡͷҲ֪Ůǲ͵͵˵ﳣЩ˪ʵ̫ɱˣֲЩмֺòᣬŮڨŮҲֵýֻǰ˵Ц
ԼСʱ֮ЩŮŮ½½ĸ˴ǣֻŮûߣֵĺ¥ȥ˽ȥˣӢΪһڼװεҲ°ˡ
Ӣû£űŮӶæµʰƺģҲݣ˲ƺһ͵֮£ͷϡ


 046 Ů(1)
ʱֵУһԲԲ£ΧûƣһƬξɫǻʣԡ
ӢܳճյĿ£žҹȻе˵Ŀ飬˵ĺ£ӦҲٴλζӰӣ¶͡櫣ǵ֣Ǿ˺ȴʲôҲ벻Ȼһƣһ뷢ĸо˻ɤŴк˭˭ҵ˭
ֻʧ䣬ûɵڣֻվʹչһȴûнг
ʱ˹ҶֵܣղźСһǸŮˣ㿴𣿡
Ӣܵ˵Ǹ·Ůӣ
ϺȻ¶˲мʲôŮӣ㿴ľϣŮӣҶֵܣְļ嵰ԡ
˵ſָǰС
ӢЦЦŮӣֹʲô£壬ҪȥϢˡ
ٲҪǰߣȴҶֵܣæߣһһ¡
ӢܻͷŶʲô£
֪ǸŮ˵𣿡
Ӣҡͷ֪ҲҪ
ǸŮ˽ӱСһѧУͬѧҴֻһ͹ݵСϰ壬ûʲô֪ôģСȴҪã˵ʲôСʲô벻ͨ
Ӣܵ壬Ҳ벻ͨС˭ãԷʲôϸôʲôȰĸðκðɡ
ʱס˫ȭȴ͸˼飬Уүͷ˶̫ˣʧ٣ҲĿСٳ¡
Ӣʱ壬ƾʲô˵СҪ£ǸŮ𣿡
˵ҲǰС
˵ͷӱһʲôˣֻҪһͻС¥ϴܾãһ٣ͿȥСӵʱ򣬼СɫܻŵĲʲô¡ӱ
ӢйҲһʱˣÿӱֽĿʲôµɣǻôСôմ
ӱһͲʲôöеǮûʲôʲôҺõģҪСȾ˶񫣬ô죿ҵô죿Ҫүͷƽ֪龰ָô죿
Ӣ̲סǱ¥ȥȴ¥һŵƣķ䣬ѾɴҲ֪ӱʲô
Ҷֵܣһ¡
Ӣܵ˵
Ȼ͵͵ӺȥСûҪУ˵һΣҶҪү˵ʱܹãϼѾǮˣ׬һЩҲûϵҪС
һ̾Ͳ˵ˣֻӢܣǳϣ
ӢʵǸȵˣ£Ҳ͸ıͷ˵ͷðɣȻȥ
϶ʱ¶ЦݣԥҶֵܣȥ͵͵ҪǿʲôÿģǧҪۣϽûУ
Ӣܺεȴôһ˵̶ˣŮӹ㲻ʲôйԼһˣȻǲÿˡ
±˵ҲԣˣһǲȥЩ
뵽СĺȻǸģæ𣬱Ҷֵܣһ֪ǸֱĺˣȥԼյģĺϢ˵žָָƺһһӡ
Ӣܵͷְص
ӢԴȻ⣬¥Ӷ˲Լͼ͹ҡڵĻص˵¥ǿͷ
һݣѸٵĹţȻ£ֻһtȻĴӣ͵ش˳ȥһµΣܿжϳ·ߣֽŲãֻʮʱ͵˶¥¥ء
һУȻӢܹȥѵıܣֻ֪ӡ
˳¥Ҳƶܿ͵Ĵ£ȴʵʵʲôҲƲǰ滹һȴӣ˹ȥ̽ͷǴҲǴŵģһһ˿϶͸ȥ
һ龰ȴһֻӱʱ˯£ͷɢſеĴ֮ϣһʲô
ʱӱҸоˣӶƮҪһ
ӱȴᣬͣٶһԽԽ񫣬Ҫʲôʲô
Ȼһ˴Ͽ޵ҪʲôʲôȱҪְ֣Ҫ衣ְ֣裬Һǣǵȥˣû˹ң˭û˹ңһûҪĺӡ
һ˵ţһڿܿһֿܵ״̬´򿪣ʼ
ӢղŵĿ֪ôģкȻŮɷתΪ˵òȥǸĹԹŮΪĸʧ٣ԼѲűӡ
뵽ȥӱȴٴһֻѾֹͣڴͷһǣһñӣڿᣬǽķЦЦ֮ƺ˼ʣ˺ݶҲֻ


 047 Ů(2)
ӢܼЦݣȻ䳹ˣȻûпӱǸ򵥵ŮӣһӦʲôԤıģĳһ죬ȫΪеĿܣһ޾ȡĿܡ
׼¥˵£ֳ֪ͨϼĿǰȨȥЩᣬŮܹһѾںõݾѳ
ȻʱȴЩ죬æƶ˽Ųǰ̽ͷȴƷŵ羯ı˹ǰѲҹ
Ӣ֪ʱȥᱻæһѾԵ¥ϣ¥ߣܹסЩĴ󲿷ߡ
ɺ޵ǣЩߣȥӽȻҲԱ任ŪӢܲòϢ¥ƶӣлᣬϽǽһߣȫסЩߡ
ʱӢܰһվ׼¥ȥֻߣǲƺӦòᷢʲô
վʱȴһԼ߸պܹƳȥ㿴һۡ
Ȼһۿȥ֮ʱҲղֻһԡңһ˯ȹŮ˽ŮòԽ츾ģӱ
׼ȷ˵ʱӢܿһۺ¥ǿѸģǣӱʱһµĶӢܵͷʹˣô˵һˣʮˣһʮѪյˣӱ·ʱǶԾʵ̫̫˼ˣһۣҲ˵ĺİɣ֪ƽʱǿ԰ġ
ӱѾ˯ȹʱ¶˾󲿷壬ֻǰһɫҲ֪dֱfֱ֣ѩ׷£м鹵ԲһСӣǣ֫ȻϸСɫ˿ڿµҲַʣȷǸԸ
ӢǼģģģļҶϵʱŽ˯ˣϵ㿪ʶʶооģЩŮ˵ĵȷ۽磬ҲѪڣҼվڴcsҶ˯죬ĵĵȥокüձŮľ÷˼벻ûãʵˣйˣԲձ˲
˼֮ʱӱѾ⿪ֱֻžʱӱΡΡӢܵﵯǣ֮󣬾Ȼ׹ҲǳɫģֻССһϾưûʧ
ʱӱѾȥ˺ɫ˿ڿ㣬Ӣ֮ܿѾïִԴԣûƵϸӱѾԡֻ¶һͷķ羰ֻ벻۹ˡ
ӢܲɱһļҲ͹ϸߵһ񣬵ϾǳѪĵһɱ֣һȻʱûӰΧг̶ȣȻû̽ͷѾЩĽŲѲӵˣǶȾſҲᱻ˷֡
ŲѾߣΣ֮ʱӢܺԥľʹǴԡҡ
ӱ裬жһϴĺӰԡڣһҪˣ͸һţѾһִֻֽס
ӱˣȴǽǸߴ뺷ıڣ۾һƳƵ涥δǸ񣬶ʱʲôˣ۾գ˼գʾԼк
Ӣܱɿ֣ӱЦԼ壬ʱһ⣬һǰҵ͵ɫˡ
һ˾ƺûʲôĽͣҲֻᣬϲɵһ죬ƤֹͭɫҲ͸ʧ̬֮
ʱӱԡԼ¶ľ鲻κεڣһЦιҶ󻪰ɣҸղ˵㣬˵Ƣ־Ӳ벻ҲҪ£ҪǸ˵ˣһ᲻ţ񡣡
ӢпԣƺҲϴ壬װᣬ˵˾ӦԲӦ䣬ñȥ룬һͣȻᱻȡЦɫûɫ


 048 Ů(3)
ӱȻû˵ʲôˣֳӢܵһۣԡֵҶ󻪣ҵıϴţҡ
ǻűˣջĻ͡ࡱһˮ¸ӢȴǶõֻ̫࣬ǰһ´еķ˹ȥֻļֻ˿һ㡣
ӱ΢ۣӢܵĴ󣬲ʱջ
ӢܿɰͿɰھһαӣһɫûɫث֣֪ԼʱҪӱǲܾԼģ´һһ˵ĺʹ˫ǰ죬ʮָѾӱ˫֮ϣֻһװˮֲʧԣ̲סѣҲû̫ΪʵͻὫˮŪˡ
ӱŮȻϲûֵˣӢܶԼʼһЦԡָָʾ
ӢҲû̫ɫģԼһɵĹԡҵıڹϣź˽ȥ
ӱӢܵǻ۾ʱһܵѪֱܣȻûʧ
Ӣ󣬽ԡףûӱĿ϶ΨһȻſԼϡ
ӱӢܽʵģиϲˣһ˫Ů崿ִ츾Ľĵ۾ˮһ˫۵ֲסĸ͹ţһʱİζģʵѪڡ
ѪŵĻں棬ӱſϣʹӶʼӢһܣȴûţһֱỬˮϣϾŮɫ
ӱӣһ£ѾԽĶ꣬Ǻü̧֮ͷһЦſ˫һӰס˴ɾȥǧһٶʮ֣ԡڷӿɫޱߣӱӢܵϣųԽ͵ȡԼҲϮĿС
׵ȵͣɢӢԡһˣӱĻУֱ̧Ҷ󻪣ô
ӢܴʱĺѾʧŮѾûʲôջˣղŵȷаɣˣôСʲô
ӱȻܲС˭˵С㣬ҪڹʱҶˡ
ӢȻ᱿ȥʡһôʼģһ˭֮ĻҶӱŮҲ벻Ҫ˵ʲôıѾԶˣվһԡӣ׼Ҫߡӱ̻Ӧø˵޵ĲȻҪɾġ
ӱ벻Ҷ󻪾ֳȺĨ쿪ˣҲðҧһӾվҶ󻪣վסлҪ˵
Ӣܡšһͣס˲ã˵
ӱס˸ţƺڿʲôһŴԡЩ䣬ԡסԼӣߵԱߣ˫һţ˰ɫʯɵĻױ̨ϣȻִӢܵļϵҶ󻪣ǲǺ᣿
ӱôһ˵Ӣܵһ㶣֪ΪҪô˵
ӢûֱӻشӱЦЦ֪㲻˵Ϊõѣǲǣ
ӢʱȻתѵ㲻ǣ
ӱȻ¶һЦҲǣҵȻǣΪԼúΪǮΪ˵ʲô˾ӦģһûдԵıһżǮʲôԵõıôҵѡ
ϯӢҲһ̼ͷӦʲôҪҪԼЩӱ򲻻˵ģһЦҪҸʲô˵
ӱ㶣ȴһ˿ϲһܳӵûҶ󻪣㲻óͣͷԷǳǿǾ䡣
Ӣܵ˵ʲô£
ӱãҶ󻪣һˣ˲˵㣬벻ҪǮ࣬òǮ
ӢӱĻһô
ӱ֪㲻᲻룬һƵ·ӣֻҪԸҺⱲӾԴˡ
Ӣµ±Ȼйأ˵˵ⷨӿУǮ˭롣
ӱ˵ͷⷨӲУҲ˵ãš
˵ʱͣһͣӢܣһһٵĵҪҺᡣ


 049 Ů(4)
ӢѾƵˣϸû¶˿Ĳ뺦£ֻǵô
Ӣܵ򶨣ӱи⣬ͷ²ʲôΣգѾŪȾ˶񫣬ֲұһһƫƧĵطȥȡ򣬵ʱˣȻ绰磬Ҫʮ𡭡
Ӣ۾һʮڣҪǲǶ˵
ӱһЦҡҡͷ࣬һ̫ˣ֪֪ϼŶӴҶǮȥ껪һˮǶɾʮڣÿĴƾʮϣʮڶ˵ˣȴֻһС֣ҵıȻԹȴ˽⣬ȥûȨ˵ʱϵܺãͶԲΪʮԪõЦģҿԿ϶˱ᣬᱨ
Ӣܵ߻ˣ
ӱҲ꣬ǰҾôˣ֪֪ÿҿ᲻ͣĻżʮԪ·ϰʲôζһðְ֣һԴһԹһ
ӢȫˣЦЦھ͸˵ðô
ӱȻЦðգҾϲðգһ͵˵ԡ͵ֻʲôˣ㣬ұһѡģѾóһտǣҪҵ£Ҷ󻪣ڣﶼһҪ֣ѡ
˵ֵˣ̬ɣǲ
ӢһǺԥĵ
ӱشøɴ࣬ԼԤϵУһۣãҺҪ֣ҵĻˡ
˵һ۵Ѿˣ̫ûɣȥʲôһ㽻ġ
ӢܴӦһߵ˴⣬¿˿Ѿûʲôˣ㷭ȥһݶ£Ȼûзʲô
˲ƺϣӢȴɵҡͷӱθڻ治һĴʮ𣬵ȷǸˣͷԲƵò֮飬ϼŵĲǮȷǾţһë˳ɲᱨֻǻһǵһǣЩרҵıڶжʮСʱػʮԪֻˡ
Ӣ˼ĵǮ⣬ȫӱֻǲٿԼ߻˶֣ôһ˿ҪԲԼıĿֻ·һˣӱյǮԻɱڵġ
ᣬӢѾתΪˣ͵ѵСɣϣܹ֮һЩܹδˡ


 050 ı(1)
ӢѾ⣬ԼķʽҲȥ˵ʲôֱӽϢȥˡ
˵ڶ죬Ӣ˯ó죬㴩Ŷ̿ȥţȴ塣
ӭͼӢҼҲ㶣ܿͼеĵҶ󻪣ôô㿴ʲô
ӢɳϣԼҲԱˣĵûʲôС̫ûԡҴ⡭
ʱʲô͵Сϴ裬㡭㡭ϺͿ
ӢսһʣԺɶɵõ˷йʱǻɣҲЩ壬𼤶˭˵ҿСϴˣ
˵վѧĶǰС
ͺŮ˧һϲҫΪʧɱֵӢҲ⡣
һһŻں޵ĶʱתΪϲæӱСӣʲô˵˵Сӡ
ӢչɫͲµȻӱǶԾǿߣƺȴԼѷɫλɡ
µҿӱϴ裬ĺܴô󡣡
˵ž˫ֱ˱ȣԭ֭ԭζûš
ˣһžһֵҾͲµôŮˣŮǼʮͳˣ֪ŻᳬСĲܸŮ˽ˡ
ӢҲ֪ƷƷķƲѧӱǿ׼˵ģ˵ͷ
ֵأôˣ
ӢʵʵҾ˴ӣ
˵˫ֻֽһһȽϺĶ
۾ֱˣʧѽģ
˵⻰ʱʶԼЩʧ̬ˣæɿָָӢܵСӣƽʱ񰮿ЦˣôҲˣãһǸӱˡ
վųȥˡ
Ӣ˵ʵţҲֻҡͷգȥϴּϴϣִ·ųȥɼڸһĿƽӹŮӶ˵ʲô
ŮӶЦһϲģ͸ｲЩ绰Ļȥ
̧ͷӢܣ壬뿪
˹Ҷ󻪣СҪȥѧҪȥˣѾ׼ͣ㵽ȥ԰ɣССһȥ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷ߳˵¥Ĵ˲ƺ֮ŵһ˹ȥȻһŴñĳʦæµţȴһ࣬һ㡣
Ӣ˽һ߸ӳʦæкòͣӢһƷֻ治٣֣ȴ֮࣬ɵô࣬ͦ˷ѵġ
Ǹ߸ӳʦЦŵֵܣ԰ɣС˵һãҲϧҪ׼òḻС㷢ƢҲ˲á
Ӣ뵽ҶٻÿŪǾϸĸչԣȷãִ֮ң̾һԽҶٻɾеóҲÿÿһ룬˼㣬Ӿͱˡ
ͣ˱ĴûмӱӢܱʻڴ裬ʱ䲻ˣôСǻ˵Ҫѧ𣿡
Ҷ󻪣֪СŮӹѧУҵĲҵ˾ȥ˾ʹڼŵȰɡ
˵ţȴ¥ŮӣӱѧƷȻԵ崿ӱôҲǸձavŮɽѧõ·
ŮѧڴķùͣӢܳȥɫıʻϼŵĺСʡǵȥ
ӱںţʱֻֻܵװСóһʱеīݵʻϵӢǰιҶ󻪣ѧУһҪϡ
⸶īӢһҷʱһƣûĵ
ѾЩ˽⣬Ҳƻӣθı˲ԣҶ󻪣Ļÿٸһнˮôݹɲ˶ܹõİ
գȻǲӢܸıԭģһﲻ
ջŮӣӢԽӦīᣬƫƫҪϣϾӰЩڶģļɲЩ˲ӦҲıѧУͬѧͶĽ۹⡣
һתӺӢܵļ󻪸磬ʹϰɣͽһΣ˵㻰òãò
һСȻһڷǣǿҲԼĶˣ̲סӢһۣǺˡ


 051 ı(2)
ӢʵǸȵӣСһζǿᣬǸûأʱִӷ⾵ԱӱЦ뵽ҲЩعݺݵһۣȴī˹ȥ
ԼʤҲǵ⣬ЦŵãҶ󻪣нˡ
ȴţԼҿʮĳСǰ˳нҲһ壬ûˣҶ󻪣ʱСʣܱȴ̵нڲŹһ죬īС¶ϣȻС㲻ԺֳһнˮȻе֪СϲֵǸԸģҪ֪ԵҲõ߳ж˻߱Ͱģ·ٺˣû˭
Ȼ߱ͰʼûչСǰһ·ƽȵĵһѧУʯɵУ⣬šǧŮѧУ֡
УţȴѧУȫ԰ֻģɽأ־ԣ£֣컨֮УӳżִĽ
Խһ˲¥ߵķ۰ɫ¥ͣӢʵѾ԰Լڲͬ⿪ŵĹӦԪڣ¾ʹī˳ὫŴ򿪡
īʱЦ绨˵ͷȻӱ֣ʾƣҶ󻪴źƤѿˣīӰЩɱֻ߱ڣӱֻǸ͵ЦһЦ
ǰǽô¥Ůͬѧ¥ϼһߴ뺷ɱһıڣָָ㣬ĽˣȻǵ⣬ӢܵϿȥˣѧУңԻȥԷ
˵ž¥
Ӣһ·ߣʱЩʦģڶͷС㣬С㡱ĽеüȣʱҡͷѧУҵģʦҪΨհ˵´ˣỹѧʲô
ûѧУͿʼϿΣӢܾ͸Ĵй䣬Ȼһɧ˰ʱ֣ͷѧˣӱȴûи
ƿϼŵĺСȻҶ󻪣᲻Ὺ
ӢעԣԼϤЩɣ
ʱʲôᣬͻᣬͲᣬҪ£ȥῪ㿪ᣬֻԼ
ӢԼҲӡ֤һ£ǰһյأС㣬ԣȥһˣԡ
ȻǼͬԱ㿪ǿյͣ˳ȥ
Ӣ˼ʻϣ붼û룬˳ӣֽžͲֻɫıǿյתȦ˺ӢܵԽԽ˳ӾԽԽ󣬾ȻӴţж̾תۣŪ˼ƯƮƶԶĿ࣬ȴִкá
ȵӢͣ˳ȴ˹ȥ𵽱ƵĶеðҶ󻪣㻹ôһ֣Կúöˣǽҵıڼ˾ǷнˮҲ㣬һ壬ô
ӢܼԵɫʱò԰УҲ뵱˾
ʱҲ⵽Ե飬ȥЦļԣ֪˶ָһнˮȥģǼҿôĳģҾ͸˵ŪӶӳʲôнˮ٣ԸԸ⣿
ϼŵÿһٶмʮϰӶӳǸˮķȱ᲻ԸģæЦŵͷԸ⣬Ը⣬С㣬㰲žǣлˡ
ӢܼľٶﰵԵ˵ͷŮȻ޿ɾҩ
ԴӦԣ㻹ȥȰȰҶ󻪣ҪǲԸ⣬ӳǵɡ
ԼæӢһߣЩĵҶϵܣ㲻ܲӦҶʮüˣٵúܣ壬ûǸ꣬㵱ˣһúõл㡣
ӢܷԼܿҲ񫣬ղŲӦΪԣüӵģ˵ͷðɣû⡣
ӢܴӦԶʱϲЦտȥС㣬С㣬Ҷ󻪴Ӧˡ
ҲܸˣðԣԼȻȥҪҶ󻪿ųȥ档
˵ž˳˸ʻϡ


 052 ı(3)
ϳӢҲǱȥһͷ˳˼ʻҡ
ԼˣæҶ󻪣ǧסҪһСİȫǵһҪʲôǶ𡣡
ڳˣǲˣҶ󻪣¡
Ӣܱ˳ӣ˷Сʻȥ
һ˷ĴϣӢܵС㣬ˣʶ·ҪʲôطԼ˵
ã㿪òǽ͵ԶһĵطԷҼǵʡǲԶһСأһҰùݣζܲϴӱȥģǾ͵ȥʡ
ȥԷӢܵνһͷãָ·
ᡰšһָ·֪ôģƢ־Ӳһһ˵˷밲ȫС
򶫶ʻЩỹûôУȵ˶ǣϵĳͽų󺰵Ҷ󻪣Ҷ󻪣㿪Щûˡ
ӢܿʼûԼ߽ʮҲЩˣһţӶʱ٣̳ǰһЩӡ
Ҷ󻪹ȻԸ񣬸˷ܣƨɲʱһһһʵĵ̫̫ЩЩ
ʱֻ洫һ󾯵ͷһȴǽĳβţҵںԼԼѾʻҪܴͣ
о׷ʱֵʲôƵģҶ󻪣Ҫͣι㲻Ҫǰ
֪ôģӢܼҲЩᣬεӦһ£ЩٶȣǾһӽ׼ͣͷɼһǰˡ
ӢԼǾֿʼ׷һ߸Цһߴļš
Լʻңһά޷һխ߸ߵ̻ǰ˹ʾͣ¡
Ҫ·ֹͣ˴Ц⣬⣬ǰ汻ˣû
ھأӢѾγʶķӦ˵ˡ
͵ļӴţһ̣ͳ߸ߵ̻ȥһ·һգ»ص˴ϣѾƹǰľ
᲻ôһŪӶʱбմ˨ţˣһܿͷӦֿʼеҶ󻪣Ҷ󻪣Ը񣬺ģ棬氡
ʱۿžҪǣѾ׷ˣϽҶ󻪣ҪֱߣǰǸٹ·շվˣǿȥ׼ţǰתһ·Ǳߣ˦
Ӣܡšһߵ˵Ǹ·ڣһ򣬾ͳתȥЩֵʮԪıȣֻһ򣬾ͽ׵Զˡ
ӢܼѾ˳ý⣬ְ·̫ֻɽյ϶࣬С㣬㲻˵ʲôسȥԷߵǶˡ
һдûн̼ڿģֵȥˣȥˣǰԽԶԽá
ӢʵÿҪ·Ź񫣬Ļϼ⣬㿪ǰʻȥ
ɽУһŵҰٵ˵ۺ󣬴򿪳紵룬ԭʼĻ֮ŨŨУӢһڣֻ˵


 053 ı(4)
ʱȴҲҶ󻪣˵ʲôãȻҲζͺҰвͬߣҪǰҸķԸҪȥ飬Ҿɽһõطһúһʱ䡣
˵ֵ֪֮һ£̫ˣľ϶᲻ϰߣҶ󻪣أ
һ˵ӢȻᷴˣһ߿һߵҿҲ̫ϰߣ껹ܴġ
ţѾʮң⽼ʸҲʧˣֻȻζղִ̼ĳ棬ֿʼ˷ųҶ󻪣̫ˣ㻹ЩһҲ
ӢܾԼ˼ţóٿЩ
˭֪ỹǾñȲϸղŴ̼ȻٵĴݵˣˣҶ󻪣ղͦקģô
ӢѾϤ·ô˵ҲǰƳһۣС㣬һ±մ
һ֪ӢҪˣʱһЦȻ˿ıմãû⣬ܿͶ졣
װ˼ȽܹԶʶ·ѸٻѵĵλӢܴʱܹԦܣҾ԰ɡ
˵ž͵һţǳƬ֮ͼӿٶȣ۵缲ǰʻȥ
ῪʼЦֵðҶ󻪣ŽԸã⡭
ʱǰһ䣬Ӣ͵һֻ̣ԼӲҪӱմɳȥҲû˵̲꣬סļһ
ӢڲԽԽˣ˫ǰȽţһ֧ת۵֮һŹĸյȻһŵɲûȡ
ѾԵľɫֻһƬɫץסֱߵһ֣ǱմƺϵסԼˣӸųͣĶᣬɫʱ԰ʼܵɴ۾Ķסǰ˺ֻóԽԽ죬ȫҪƲסˣζҪײ·ߵʯߵµԵɽ£ɵһ󡰰ҽУͲٿˣıۣҶ󻪣Ҷ󻪣ͣͣҪ
Ӣܿſ쳵ԽԽһֿܵĸоͣС㣬㲻ҪҿЩŴ̼һԿһҪҪԡ
Ӣ˵Ҫӿ죬ʱÿ޳еҪҪҲҪˣҲҪֻ̼ͣˣٿˡ
ӢܱҪһ쭳ŵÿˣֻգסɲ
һͣѸٵĽ⿪մ˳ӣ·ߡۡŻһֱֹ൨ҪŻˡ
òײͣסŻ£վʱֻѣתҪˤæڳϣȴǸҶ󻪾Ȼ˫ȽţֱǰͷֻԼ
뵽ԼղֽֿУʵǶǿվֱӣװµģղʵҲô죬ֻθô³ͺˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦǺãٽŴ̼
Զʱһɫһ䣬Ͻҡֵ̼ˣҡֻߵķ羰Ҫһ˾ûʲô˼
ӢЦЦʾϳԼҲ˽ȥ˳εǿƽȶˡ
θѾ¿ˣӡ๾ࡱֱУûþͼ·һСݣæӢͣ½ȥò͡
Сݣһ긾ŮæӭСҲûʲôˣӢܾŪ˼
ʱӢܼЩòɾЩ棬϶Ҳˣüͷ壬ֻϴֲڵĲͽֽԲһ£ʹڴڵЮģǳԵú㣬˼뷹ڼһҲԲôࡣ
Ӣҡҡͷ̾˵ӰȷǺܴ󣬲ŵĻӱ£ȵԵòˣС㣬Ҫʲôطȥ𣿡
һʣ϶ʱ¶һֹ֮ɫûĵҶ󻪣ôҲʼˣʲôطֻ˵ķ򿪾㣬ӱȥʲôطǧ˵ְְ㶮𣿡
ӱ첢ûԼ彻ʲôӢܾµԳ棬ҪԼһҲȻģôҲ˵ӱȻ¶ˡ


 054 ı(5)
˵ڶһ磬Ӣܿųȥˣǵһ·ڣͼһɫ˶װӱ
Ӣͣ˳ӱ˽˺ţҲֹ֪˵ʲôȻӱָӳӵȥ
ӳ˳ʻȥӱľֹȴأǴ˵һɽվһִ˽һƫƧ˵·ټС
ӢĵıԹӱ˵ǶͦİôҪô鷳
ӱȴҵС㣬㲻֪ý򲻵ҵһλѸ˵ߣҪ鷳ǻȥǡ
æҶֻ˵ֻҪ򵽣ôС
ӱοͷİɣ׼õֻҼǲǵطҴ·һˡ
Ӣһֱڲ²ӱ⣬ղŶЩ·ƺϤúܣӦѾģǿģʲôߴ·ôڸʲôأ
ӢܵļȻȱ߼˼άȴ˿ûܵӰ죬ֻһͲµһ£ӱһ򵥵ŮӣĴ£׵һͲ֪ϸˣһֹڷԼ˾֪ͨңԲŻѡƫƧ׸ٵĵط̽ԵߣôҪ֪ûˣӱģһͬ˵ֻԼˡ
뵽裬ŷ⾵ƳƳȴӱȫһгӣһЦΣԼڣıǲóѵġ
˰Сʱңӱָ£һĲʯһڵò˵ʯɽΧֻǵĳһЩͰĲݣͺͺûһľ
ӱӢ˳ʯɽϵһѾȱľɹȥ
Ӣٴι۲ΧĻԼжϣֻҪʲôطͿԿԲһɽûи٣ȷǸܺõĵơ
һ͵ǾɹӱŽȥǣӢʶţкĻҳȴкüʱµӡӡǴִ󣬾ӱУҺۼ£Ӧǲ²ãΧֿ˿ȴûʲô֡
˹յĳ˼ϯʲôҲûˡ
ѾؿڲסţһʱҲЩˣӱӱ㵽ʲôҪңִ·ˣҿǹġ
Ȼ˵ֻ꣬ážһ죬ղŻϸЦӯӯӱصһķ֮ϣɫҲ׶
ӢѾϵҪʱҲȥֹݵŮһ̵Ľѵɡ
ᱻһƹȻˣðŷӦȥץӱˣʲôң
ӱһЦ͵һƣ͡Ӵһ˵ϣһӿҶ󻪣˰Ҵӡ
ӱЦᣬ׳գ㣬ҶѾңҵˡ
ŷҶվһĮԼӱ˵ĻȻˣʱеޱȵĿ־壬㡭Ҫʲô
ӱЦС㣬ʲôǮûУȻǰˣҪ㻨Ǯá
ʱĨĨӵҪУУû⣬ҼеǮֻҪǷңʲô˵
ӱûӻͳһֻݸӢܵ绰˵УҪڣס𣬵ʿеʺȥȻСʱڰɣҪ˺ƱסûУ
˵žóһֽƬӢܣдһк롣
ӢܽУ֪⹤֮Ȼбˣ׷ѱ¶ԼͼͽֽƬ˹ĵᣬֻǶ٣
ᵹڵϣûо£Ѿûֻ뾡뿪˵գæͰ͵Ľֻ˵ˡ
ӢҲӱѣٵİֻֻͨһ˺ܾãһʶιһ
Ӣܵǰɣ
Ӷ˶٣ƺ˭ҶԼ˵һŵ˭
ӢֱӵУ
ͣˣֻһ͵ҪǮø˵
ӱһֱֻ߾ţʱùӢֻܵסݺݵĵ׳գţúø˵ҪǸ˵Ū㡣
ųĴ۾ͷӹֻû˵Ӿ͹ѩ׵ϣžͷ硭磬ұ˰ˣǮҰҡҺú¡
˵ֱֻӱһ˹ȥӢܵϡ
Ӣܷڶߵõ˰ɡ
ֻǱ൱򾲣ȫǴ䲻˵ɣҪǮôǣ
ӢҲû뵽Ȼ˸ɴ࣬ҪʿеʻСʱ֮ڱףǲᱣ֤õİȫ
ȴԥ򶨵ţһһСʱ֮ڰףҵģᱨҲ׷ǮԶʧõһͷҲҪģʲôˣʲôطҶǺڻϣҺúõļš
ô̵ĶԻӢȻûк棬֪һǸǿӲֳǵˣˣȻʸ޴ϼţһеĸоǷǳõģĮġ
ӱԱĻѾ¶˿ϲ֮ɫӢһֻϵֽƬָ
ӢܾͽʿеʺŸ˵ˣƺڼţظһ飬ȻһСʱ֮˵вʣڽ֮ǰһҪãסǧһͷ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰


 055 ı(6)
ӱһͨʱЦ𣬷ˣķˣ׳գǮ
ӢܼǰˮӿȻеһģֻ˵ϣӱ˳˰ɡ
ӱ⻰ʱһ㶣һŵͷҶ󻪣ĺܴȻܲµõãҾ͸һ¡
žϴǳɣ㶨ˣɵϴӦ𣬶һСʱ֮ڰס
žͱƿˣ߽ˣһˣʮ£еģհ׾ݣһϼõɫм̬֮
ˣʮ£Ÿ˶װһӣһۣһ񣬲жһʽǹ׼Ӣܣǹ϶
ʱǴװ˴ӢһۣͶӱӱòǷݲġ
ֵӢܵǰҶ󻪣㵹Ǹ˲ţϧϧ
ӢµľЩ˲֣Լö֣ĵϧҪɱңǲǣ
ôһ˵ڵϵҲһ㶣㲻嵽ô£ҶһģЩΪʲôҪɱ
Ǵһ˿⣬΢Цô˵˵
ӢܺȻЦЦܼ򵥣ıڣһģҵ绰ҲҴģղһֻ¼Ҫȷǰ֮һףǲ׼ŹģһҺһʧ٣þ켯оҵǸҲʶͿ԰ȫˡ
Ŷţʱͷһʲôʲô׼ŹңҸ粻ǴӦǸǮǲǲԼӣԼӵġ
ʱͣĵͷãã֫ͷȴ򵥣ȷǺܺҵ⣬ϧСβץţֻ˲ŻҸеȫ
ЩҪ˺Ʊʱżӱȥץסͷ⣬¶ŶɫЦŵʲôİ׳գΪǮͰǰҫƲ㲻˳ˣǮķϣźӽʮ꣬ٻҲܹˣҲԩ
ʱҲҽˣӱӱǴСѣѰͷŹҰɣУһҳ£һҲܲ
ӱޡһµѣûѣҵѾǮǮǮҾͿõĳסõıõ·˵۹ⶼΧңζһˬᣬţҴûа㵱ѣΪҺ㣬ҺӵеһУÿ¿гɰǧ㻨Ǯأ֪֪ǸŮӹѧУǮҲұҰȥģ̫ƽˡ㣬һͰźãҲҪ˭˵𣬵Ȼûһ֤ݣˣһᵽʹʹһ޵ġ
һ˵ţһ߾վǴӵϴ󣬰ǹңҪɱ׳ա
ӢӱĻ⻹һ̵Ů˵ǿ˵ǷĶ⣬Ҳǰݣ־ˡ
ʱһɫ۾;ǹ˹ȥãǹ㡣
ӱЦл
ȻǸлֻû³죬һϸ΢ǹ۾ӱ̫ѨһǹӵʱʹһԴ
ӱҲһ˵ϣ˫ԲɣĿ
ӱ͵ԼǰԽѪһð˳áֱУܿʶʲôıס죬ѾԽԽǾֵ˼㡣


 056 ı(7)
Ǵӱʬ壬ҲӢҡͷЦСŮҲСʹҵ⣬һûûȻ뷨ߣƻԭûģǰȴ˵£˵ǿע⣬Ҳԣͬˣֵܣ㵹ùŮӵĲȷˬˣҲӦøһĴ
ӢܳЩ˵Żһֱۼƶ˵꣬ѾѸײڶ֮Ѿסǹֻ֣͵̧׼ǹǸһָ۹ŰǸָϣǿѹӵʱӵز
ǹûڵϣӢѾ۵һ䣬׼Լĸǹ۱ѪŽʱ˵棬ǲܻˡ
Ӣܴӳֵˣֻ˲ʱ䡣
װҲǼˣȴû뵽ԼһְҵɷǣʱҲסˡ
ʱӢѾߵߣȴһǹ
Ӵʱϻָƽֵܣ㵽ʲôˣ
Ӣĵ˾汣ڡ
ӵȥһǾ߾
һӢ֪ܲǡ
ҡͷȻܣֺͺݶһǱŻֵǵйģôɵǣ˲˲𡣡
˵ž˴ķָ
Ӣ΢΢һЦʲô֣
ӵͨϵ˶֪ͨ˵ûУ
Ӣܵûֻͨˡ
˵žͳԱѾĿɿڴ绰Ȼֹ֪ͨͣ
ǰͨһ˿ţֵܣǴǾᱨģԪϾͿԵʿеʻǱתаΣգϻǲ˵˵ʵʵģֳɣһһ룬һʻҽ˻һǧԪʻôһ룬һҹ֮䣬Ϳ̣סıԻ磬ݸŮǣЩǮʮӵıڣʮҲò
ӢܹһЦͨ˵úˣм㲻֪нˮÿ壬Ѿúܲˡ
ͨģǿЦŵֵܣ㲻Ҫɵ
ӢһЦһλѣҴɵ
ͨ૵ããͨڽϻ˶ʮ꣬ˡ
˵һȻƺɥȥͷ
ȻָһӢܵǹѾͷϣ֣ĻͳһѾǹ
ʱѾ˾֪ͨ˸磬ߵӢܵߣһĨᣬһЦһƺݵĿŵҶ󻪣ҹȻûп㣬ǸˣǸӢۣղźӰݵ
Ӣû˵ֻǽǹ͵һǰͨĺԣʱ˹ȥ
ʱһ£Ҷ󻪣ǰǲĸӱ
ɫҲ֮Ӣܶµ治ɫĲ¡
͵ĵɴ۾ҼǵӱǺһ𰡣ˣԡҺܾòųĪ桭
ӢǵȻ£Ҳûش⣬ͱͷȥ
ᵨӲ̫СʱûΣգѾѪȵĳнѳЦļι𲻺˼Ϊʲô˾ϲӱǶԴ󲨡
˵ӱһָּǸ״ͷһæͷֵϲǶԴ󲨲ԲԣÿҺϽ֣ЩûвɫԵƵģҾ֣ôᵽԡȥģ
ӢҲ޷رܣֻõ壬֪ӱʲôˣһԲŽ˶¥
йʱͷ
Ӣܵ˶ˣ
ԼĽż꣬ҿʼҲģֻΪ棬ΣˣܵҪ
Ӣ֪ܵӱʲôˣմûС
ʱмͶأԹŮһĶͷĸ첲ιҶ󻪣˵ʵȥʲôģҺ֪


 057 ˽(1)
ӢᷢʣҵʲôԼ֪ʧˣʲô벻ûУ
죬ɿĸ첲У˵Ͳ˵أʧ䣬һʧ
˵žͳһ
ӢܹŲţ˺þҲûᣬ㵽װĵַ˵ûУ
֪ʲôطֻ˵һĲʯģǻҵģЩ춼̹ܡ
Ӣ̣˭̣
̽ʡܸɼˣǼҵĹϵܺá
һ´ôԾΪʲôᵽȻԸԼ⴫ҪӢ˵ӱֻǴ
Ӣ֪Ǵû³ڲסҲֻˡ
˼ٵľ
ʱ
æ˳ȥֻ治ͣĸߺ
һֽ̣̣ôҲˡ
žʹһŮ˵СᣬСᣬûУ
ڻشû£û£һڣһӰЩȫɷˡ
˵֮䣬ҵĽŲһȺ˽һŮǣ֡
ӢܴŮ죬ʮͣŹϸüӣ۽ЩβƣĿȴϣе̨DDʡˡ
˽ƳۼѾѸٿֳѪ߰ߵʬ壬ƺѾϰΪҲûʲô飬ֻӢܣϸĴСᣬıڣϵļ˶ɱ𣿡
æҡֵǲǣӱǸɱģǸֻǱҶ󻪴ˣɱģ׼ǹɱǣҶ󻪲ɡ
ֿ˿ֳͷʲôСᣬֺܲҵ𣿡
Ҹ磬ŲңԼҵġ
ҲûʣšһȻСᣬô˵磬֪ж㣬ղŻ˵绰˵ڸϻ㸸ײڣ˾ȫܣҪ硣
˺ߣˣ̣ҽأþûˣҲ绰ǲҲҪͱúҸһУҰְİӲôˣ
Ʈһ˿Ȼ֮飬ͷʵ̫ǿˣȥһйʱ˽󰸣ؼĽ׶ΣϵȻҲܸ绰㸸ĸİӣһֱڲ飬չܻСᣬģ˵ʲôҲҵ㸸ĸġ
˵⻰ֵСᣬ˾ţҶ˱¼͸ϽȥϢ£ǽ˵
һӣٹֱҶ¼˾Ÿղõ˵һ顣
ڣһھȻὫŪ̫鷳ܿͽѰãȻŪǰͨ
ͨȷҲ򵥣ӵľ첢ûԵʮ־ţߵʱ򣬻ЦӢһ´ķָȴһޡ
˱Ӣܳ˲ʯصϣʡʻȥ
һ·Եúƣ룬ûж˵ؿúӢ֪һӱ£ζĽѵǷǳˡ
Сʱ֮󣬾ͻصʡǵıɫѾİڲʯһ죬ûʲôͶˣһžŮӶǿ
ӢҪֱӵСòͣͼָָԼԱߣҶ󻪣Աߣһԡ
Ա߼źŮӶˣǸͷ̲סС㣬ֻ²ףҶֻһڣ¡չǲܺͬò͵ġ
Ȼ˵췢£Ȼһӵ˭˵ҶˣʲôزأϲҳԷôҪǶ졣
ЩŮӶС㷢ƢǻҶ˵Ͻ꣬Աߡ
ӢΪǺģԲõͼҲûеж߹󣬱ʼ͡
ӢԼԣǸˣסĸЮŲˡ
ŮӶԽԽĿ࣬ʵû뵽ƽʱ߸ϣޱȵСһЮˣǲ˼飬Ƕǹˣ໥ƺʶԣҶ󻪣С쿴ûʲô쵥һȥ̬ȾȫˣĪǡĪǡ
Ҷ󻪱뺷ŵףŮӶ²⵽ʲôżСȻƢôãϾǴҿųģҿɴ˼ŮӶĲƲѲһͥҪСʲô£ôҵ˽


 058 ˽(2)
һͳԱˣǵȵӢܳˣźһվҶ󻪣˯ˣȥ
⻰һŮӶĶæֵС㣬һңһˣҪȥ⡭ôܳɣҪһ£ˣȥġ
ʲôˣ˵ˣ죬ôﷳȥҵ˭ܲţҪǲˣͿнˮˡ
˵⻰ֶӢܵҶ󻪣ҵĻûУȥ
ӢǳʵȥǱ˼£һǱסˣȻˣȻڷϾͣۿǰѪȵĳ棬ȷǿ־ģԳܵģĿǰֻԼܸȫС
뵽Ӣܺԥľ͵˵ͷڱ˵۹⣬ҲǸںġ
ӢܴӦƵЦ֣˶¥еһݣĹ뷿
뷿ӢǼģУһ£ȴǷۺɫĻӵЩãܣűޣỹķֽϡ
Ӣ£Լڴͷ˯£ƺҪȥԡϴ裬ȻʲôӢһۣɫЩ
Ӣܼ飬ѾµԼӱ£ЦЦģûǲᴳġ
˵ָָؿڡ
ʱһ죬˸֪㲻ġ
ҴҵĽԡȥˡ
һԡҵһŻЩʪĳһͨͼĵɫ˯³ԡ֮Ѿˣóһ紵ϣԼڴͷιҶ󻪣Ҵһ£Լ㡣
ӢܼŮԼȫûʲôģ˹ȥӹ˵紵磬
¹ֻĲӾһ㣬ϸֳҵƹԵ֬һŮӭϮҪǣżһͷ˯۵ھͻ¶һСķ϶𽥳εѩԼɼ
Ӣһ뵽Σ
ϽѹסеӸУ۲ӣһԭˣûг嶯֪òó嶯
û㷢ȫˣһӾͻ˱ѣЩ˼ĳӢЦЦҶ󻪣֪ҲˣܲСʱ˯ˣߣòã
ӢĿǣ᲻ӦҲ˵ֻ˻֣ʾ˯ԼѾ֪
ֳһЦűһë޵˱ѣһ˯ˡ
Ӣܼ˯Աߵһɳϣ˼Լߵ·Ŀǰĵ֮ȻָԼļ䣬һð죬ٹһĩҶٻ˵ҽԺôһǮǣԼгԼָ䣬֪֮Ҫٸıڡ
ţӢܾ;Щˣ۾Ҳ֪˶ãڴУҶ󻪣Ҷ󻪣öĻˣҴǡ
Ӣʱһߵ˴ߣȴ˵λһЦҪ뿪ȴʱ˯ֻ̬ںڻ˳㷢¶ڱ⣬ü䣬ıţȽẹֳ̈ȴȻɣ촽ҲǼ׼˶ģʱ˯֮У˵ģһ֧ɵĺĻһ㽿ΣҴʱ΢΢򴽺Ц˯еӢѽȫƽˡ
ӲӢܣҲҼ֮ģһͷŽۿɰͷչͷоǲḶжģֻǽһַֻųѣҪɳȻ£Լһɡ
ʱȻһִŷŭʲô
Ӣܸһ̧ͷһѵǰڶʮ£ֻԼԵһƤ׾Ŀ¿ʣִǽȻֲͬķ񣬴ʱгϬʾǸƽˡ
˵ҵײһ£ӢԵúƽȻ
ʵȻĸ磬ϼƶˣӢܣҲһҶ󻪣
Ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ѾˣӴʵ۾龰磬
ʱѾָƽŵô£Ҳ𣿡


 059 ˽(3)
ʵȥĹϵͦõģӴ磬¡
һ֣㲻˵ղȥʲôˣᣬȥôݣҶû㣬˭֪㾹Ȼ䡭
᱾Ǻúõģôһ˵ʱҲɴ۾ôˣôˣ
ȭͷ㻹˼ʣǸͨʲôˣ㣬ӱǲǸ㡭
˵뵽ﻹˣһָҶ󻪣ȥ
ӢȻԼ̬ǿƣҲˣ绰ҪʱѾܹеĸܵʵǷǳģ֪ȻżҲСȥƽϣߵ⣬ȷҲ˹һˣֻ̬ȣֻЧҲûӣ˶ЩȱٷģֻҲһ
Ӣܸյ⣬һѽ͵Ĺˡ
Ӣҡҡͷҵļ£ûʲôϵ¥ȥȴŮӶվ¥ݿù۹Լ
ӢܲµЩ˻˵ЩʲôҲ⣬߽ܿݣš
Ȼ£׼ϴ˯¥ϵȴԽԽ͸򿪵ĴѾ
֪ǸҶʲô𣬸㣬֪һ𣬾ʲô֤ûУûתУҾߡ
ҲܣҲܣֻ֪ȹңһһǻˡ
ߺߣǻˣᣬ㻹̫Сˣ̫ˣ֪ϵϵ˲õģνҶİʲôģôµõˣңйǮҡ
磬ҲҶ󻪣ûȨ
ᣬھͰ˵ˣ㣬Ҷĵ׶˵ʲôʲôԷ˯벻
Ӣܱ²ѣ߸߹ʱҲðɣô˵ָԼǱоˣǰҪԪδƭ֣ȡ֮ҡǮôοԼһݲˣҲѹҪô롣
ֻһ˲䣬Ӣܾ˾´·¥ȥ
¥ϣӢŤŶ룬ȴվнţӸµĵãȴʾؾ
Ӣܽúĵ˭Ҫģȥ
ҵķ䣬Ҷҵѣ˭ȥ
˵ž͹Ӣ֣ܵƺҪᣬſ֣ҵŮ¡
Ųԣͣס˵
˭֪ʱȴŹҾҪҾҪҵŮ˾¼ˣ鷳һ֣һжŮйأжŮ˺ϹѵͲҵŮ
ԥĵˣŮˣͲͬ
˺ŮʲôͬѵŪŮ˾ͽзŮȥŪ˾ͽޣʲôƨ߼ˣҪĸϵᣬ˸ʲôǡ
û뵽óˣʼԼ˼룬һ˵ȻһʱܿǼĳӣְֲڣΪ˵ĻҪӡ
̻شʲôбȻӣǿȨãҪ򵹵ġ
ӢҲõԼ֣˵Ļ涼ˡ
һЦȴû˵
ӢȻƽĵ֪ʵͦںãҵȷ޷ͣңһҲһжƽϣţҽ㣬㡣
˵⻰ֵҴְ㲻صһʲôˣҲصҵĲƲʲôʧˡ
˵񣬻ƽдƣоȻһݣȷԼжϣ֪ǲǽҶ󻪵ıڣһһͨһǣеѹģ⻹ǵһһûзǷܹͨ


 060 ˽(4)
ӢְܴѾʲôҶ󻪣Ҫְˣģ
Ҷ󻪶֪Ѷˣûŭģᣬ㡭ҲҪҶˣ˵˵׶Щʲôܹҵϡ
ʱѾǺֻѵ˵ĸ磬һʲôˣ߽ŵҸҶʲôˣ㣬Ҷ󻪶ʲôûҰˣİˣˡ
Ǹɡֻû³ڣžһĶѾָӡ΢΢Щһʵڲᡣ
ʱŴŵѾ䣬һ߿ţһָããְֲ֣ڣ۸ң㲻Ҹ磬Ҹ磬Ҳ䵱ҵŮǾͲˡ
˵͵һӢֵܵҶ󻪣ߣˡ
ӢܼԼŰ֮⣬һȴһƺԼҲƺסˣſãг˻⣬촽΢΢Ķţ˵ʲôǸĻû˵ڡ
ӢҲ֪ʱ˵ʲôģԼ۵ķϺ׵һƬҲȻ֪ٴȥֻģʱ뿪һҲã˵ͷͺȥ
ʱ΢κȻһϣ˲֮˵ǰߡ
Ӣܼ磬жʱһĲҲ޷ﵽӦ÷ǳ˼ʱȴǱǺˣһӳ嵽ǰĵҺҶߣŲţҾͰԼͷҧãǰҾȻҲһư͡
޾˽ԼõģҪ£˵ԶţԼðա
뵽ÿӣȻͷۣҧҶ󻪣ҺúõţʲôˣʲôĿģһëҪҪʲôֻܿڣϼûòģҲٶදԽסһëҲھ
ӢҲʲôԼ¥ȥȴеŮӶ˶¥µĴӦҲղŵĶһվ˳С㣬үҲΪã㡭Ҫ˼ΪҺãߣǵȻ˵ΪڸǷнˮ˭Ҫ˵ҾҪˡ
ֻѻȸӢֳܵݣж˵ǣһʮŮһʮҳߣ֪ᷢʲô£һδƽһ𣬶ֶѰһӢܾ͵ɫıϣӢûãͼӣȳϼŵסլƨɺѾʮСȻʼղģٵġ
ӢҲᣬڸʻһԲһЦô
Ĭ˰죬һŵʵҸҲҺá
˵һ仰ӢҲǴϣ̲סͷҪҶ˵һ䡰ҿղŷӦô󣬻Ҫҳߡ
ƺѾµӢܵ뷨˵ͷȻҸʵ˲ѧʲôһͻᣬǵŶ飬ѧУÿ궼رĽܽܿˣңΪһһСӣҪĹңҰǳ£˾ĵӾǰϣҲ֪æۣÿһδ绰֪ѵˣܹ̬ȣȴ̬ܽȣ£㶮ҳߣҪҪż󻹸Ҳѵҡ
ӢܺȻҡͷᣬҪ˵磬Ҳ㣬˵ĻȷһСˡ
ʱЦͷһ˫Ĵ۾ӢܵҶ󻪣ˣҵŮҵˣǱ
Ӣ˵ĿһĽţвһŶ־ô𣿡
ĵ˵ͷгĽݣҰְǸˣʹ˶ӢСܵģûа첻£Сҵż񡣡
Ӣܱһ䣺ְôôʧ٣
ȻҰԲ˼ȴܴ⻰ߣ˻ȥֻȥ
Ҳ֪ڿɲȥҶ󻪣㲻ͦ泵ô˦


 061 ˽(5)
ӢҪӦȴʮǰΣѾѸٵĳԼҽǰĳѾ赲סѾм䣬ͼӲ١
Ӣ֪ЩķԸôɵģкȻ˺ʤ֮ģԵԼʾǾôסҲʵ̫ˡ
ҲЩĶΣһĳȻ͵ɳϵˣˣҸ϶ǲҸһҪǿаұƻȥߵЩŵģ죬㲻ûܳһңҶ󻪣ܲܰǰĳײɡ
Ӣһֱû˵ǰһĦгӭʻȻһᣬͽĦг·ףĦгǸú̺ܶܿ꣬ǰȻгᣬҲǺһϽסɲԶľɲסһĨ亹Ҫһǰ͵ĺɫҲʶ֮ˣ֪⳵ӵ˷Ǹ󣬶ǰʮɶ͵ĳƺڸݣʱ֮ĻӲı˻ȥ¶һݡ񣬾ҪĦйչȥ
ʱӢѾǶ̷ƵӢܵĸͷȣһΪҪԼ鷳æιֵܣԼ
û˵꣬ѾӢһץסؿڣžʹĦгϳ
Ƕ̷겻֣һƨڵ£Ӵһ
Ӣֵܵܣ˼ǽ컻ȥһʱ䡣
˵ҲǶ̷εĿɿڴѾĦУͷԼĺᣬ㱧ҡ
Ѿ˼æ§סҶ󻪿ļҲ֪Ħгô
ӢܼǰĳѾͣڹ˵ˡ
һţĦоһ֧ҵļһ˳ȥܿʹǰм䴩˹ȥ
ֻ죬ǿķӭ㷢裬Ͳ˵æͷӢܿıֻһǽһеķ綼סˡ
ӢĦУȫһǱڵϰʶûпԼ᲻ῪʱʻԶֻֽż伫ϤҲȥ룬ڷ⾵ĳѾڼ׼ϣӴе·
Ȼ̷ĦȻǶ־ɻͲܼ٣ԽҰۿźܿҪˣӢһҪͷˣңǧҪ֡
оͷԼıϲסĵ㣬ӢҲ룬ȻڽһƯƮƣȻѾͷֻһͷۻҪƴıסӢܣֻһ˲䣬ֹԺܿʧˣһȴҪ˳ԶԶӢɽ·쭳Ҫˣʱŵ޶޲ˡ
ӢһͷǰʻȥʮûзӦӢѾһʮˡ
ЩӢܵĦкȻı˷򣬶Ҵҵͷʮڸʻôһͷ̷׷ײһ𣬶ʱ·
洫ĶһϽȥƣĳײòǺŷģʱӢܸǸе
Ӣһ·ǰУһӣͳרƫƧ޷ͨС·ߣ߳ʮһطܶ͵ׯڣǰһƬģֻ֮һߵש¥еƹ
Ӣܸо῿ԼûôˣͷȥȴѾ˯ˡ
֪λŮռ侭еĵһգֺ͸糳ܣӦľƣҲԶߣͳ͸ŵƹשȥ
ûһ͵ש¥Ժ⣬Ħгһֻƹҷͣ¥ͳһһŮˣʮ£Ӷߣͨũҷ򸾡
Ӣܼỹڳ˯ţҡҡͷͽӳϱڻУ˹ȥ
Ƕũҷ򸾼һߴİӱһ֪˻˯˵ŮҲһũʲôˣҼҵĹˣСҧ㣿


 062 ദ(1)
ôһУʱˣоӢԼҲһ죬վ˵ϡ
Ӣæ壬£Һλ·ˣʵ̫ۣҵطЪЪš
ҶٻҲû뵽ҶãȥסޣֻһҪͨĸҵﵹʧһʱŵĵطũг񼣬æӢ¿ĶһҷҵһǧԪǮȫ˹ȥЦŵ壬Ļס죬УС
˯ۣᣬƸߴ뺷ȻӢܣũʱʲôӹǰ˰ԪǮҡͷ̾˿סûйϵȰһ䣬ؼҵĺã㻹ôСЩ黹һЩǣôĸ֪жż
ָ֪ʲôҲЩ˼ҡ֪ͻȥġ
ũû˵ʲôˣֻҶϱȥˣ¥ϻһӣǾסɡ
һϽл壬л
ũǴ飬ʱͷӣôˣô䣬˼ҽ˵ɡ
˵žкӢݡ
Ӣ˽ȥȴһңŻ๸ũߣһﻹߺߡ֮ǸȦڷһС۾ˣӦũҷ򸾵ӡ
ŵȦﴫζһûнӴĳζĵ£ڱȥֻüͷűǿš
Ӣһ󣬱֪ũũԳţ
ũҷ򸾼Ӣ˵ǳ죬רƭŮ꣬ҲЩ
һһԼԴǳԹûУҹﻹЩʣͽЩ԰ɡ
Ӣܼ۾ֿʼˣãѾԹˣ㻹Ǵǵȥɡ
Ӧһͽ¥죬һ䷿ƿŴ򿪵ƵҶϱķ䣬ǳ򹤣ֻдڲŻǾסˡ
ż׵ļҾߣҲǺܾûסԵʣЩùζϵͷҲ֪жûˣҲ벻Ȼҳ
ҲæǼȻãͷӶᾭȥɹ̫ʭӵģ֪һ˯ߣûϵһµ̺ϱޣûùھ͸ó
˵žߵڣһ񣬴ȡһ׵ĴƷϣȻʽܲĸоȴЩ
ŪһУֶˮëϴţЦŸǳȥˡ
ӢܼﲢûɳֻмᶼûϵĶʣ˹ڳһţȻȥ˸ղµͷ뱻ӷ棬Ȼڴϵᣬˣ˯ɡ
˵ԼǼ׵ĵʴˣֻֻСȫ档
ĬĬ뱻ѣһȴιҶ󻪣㵽
Ӣһ㶣⡭ֻ²ðɡ
ޣɱ˼룬ǿ˯Ҳ㲻ǻˣⴲСһ˯һͷ˯ͷǸıӡ
Ӣ̹⻰Ҳͱͷ뱻ӹȥĽ¡
ȻӢܣϾǵһκ˯һ䴲˵ĽţιĽźóҪʵЩУ˯Ҫע⣬ѹˣص˭ܵˡ
ӢܵúãСЩˣ˯ɣҶ
˵⻰Ͳ˯ڴıԵʵҲұ֤Լ˯᲻ᷭѹš
˶˵ûһͳ˯ȥ
֪˶ãӢ˯㣬еƺڲͣĶţʱˣĵƲûйأһͼƺڱ﷢һæᣬʲôǲˣ
ᲢûлشӢһûʲôӦ
ӢܱƿӣƵһͷȴԼmӣȻڷ־ͽͷ˹
һ֮£ӢܸǴһֻɫ԰ޱȣͷƺ亹Ͻȥͷ÷̡


 063 ദ(2)
ʱ۾ѾˣӢҡļᣬᣬﲻңˣֱ㵽ҽԺȥ
һ˵žһҪȥᣬȴһץסԼ죬ǣûвҽԺȥûõġ
Ӣܵǲôᣬ㶼ˣͱֱŤ
Ҫȥǿб
ȴƴҸûǡ񫷸ˡ
Ӣܶʱ񫣬ӱȾϵĶ񫡣
ĵͷ϶ĵҶ󻪣Һܣ֪㱾ʲôһ£вУ
Ӣ̲µˣȻĶȥŪƷԲС
ðĿҶ󻪣㣬֪֪ҲǶǻġ
ӢڵҲԶƷĽܣ̶ȽҪעģȻûеֵزᣬǿһЩһ̣Ķ񫻹ֻҪֹȥܽҲ֪ӱں㣬ټˡ
ʱ񫷢ԽԽ촽һֱڶţҡͷҲ䣬Ҳ䲻ҼǮĶƷȥŪ
˵⻰ժһʯ׹Զ׹ʮʱҸ˴ϷǴģҲ֪ܶǮһܹȥЩٶС
ӢܽӹǶʯ׹˻ŻҡͷУᣬǸҳŹȥɣǲȥƷġ
Ҷ󻪣Ҷ󻪣㣬һҪңҰȥˣܣܡ
ӢܻӦȻ˸ӢܷǳԾľٶȻһӸҶ󻪣ҸˣвУ
Ӣһѷȵᣬ㿴ʲôӣ
ҲܣҲܣֻҪŪƷôܳɡ
˵⻰ֿʼȥȥӢܼѾȫʧȥңҧȻһⓁ˹ȥᣬѣ֪֪Լʲô
ᱻһҲЩѾ޵Ҷ󻪣֪ԼһѿҹܲסԼӢܼ⸶ӣ뵽ҲǱȻᣬֲòӲĳᣬ㲻ҵŮΪ㿴㣬Ϊ˶ƷеĽе϶ûˣԼǣҵŮ𣿡
˴ϣƺʲôȻҧŬڼţֻһͳŲסˣڴҹŵҶ󻪣֪ˣ֪жҺ
һ˵ţһƴȥԼ㷢Ȼһҽҧŵ촽ѾѪ
Ӣܼʹ龰ǸӲĳҲȻᣬȥһסֵᣬ㲻ҪĥԼˡ
ȻʱкȻԹ֮ɫ͵Ҽϣݺݵҧȥѩ׵ݶʱ·ӢܵƤ˫ҲӢܵıץָڲ·ȥĺ󾱣Щ̬֮
ӢҲûʲô飬֪ⶾҪãֲټȥĥԼ˭Լˣǡ£ֻϵùıᣬԼȥԲ֮٣һѽĺڳһѪۣŪӢ֮ܵǰѾѪ߰ߣȫʪ͸ˡ
Լ˰СʱңƽȻӢܵĻг˯ȥ
Ӣܰһᱧͷķ£Ȼ󽫱ӸǺãٴηԼҺۣԱĬĬš
ֹĸСʱң湫¶˵⣬ӢܼѾ˯úܳɫҲָӦûʲôˣĽǱ˯ȥ


 064 ദ(3)
һ֪˶ãӢ˯㣬ȴԼԼϴĿб֮С
ӢжʱһΪʲô״ˣӴһȻԼԱߣֻ۾ĳӣղǱĶˡ
ʱɫѾӢϸһᣬӦûʲôһᣬЩûУ
ĨĨᣬȻ¶һ˿ᣬѩ׵ĸӢܲҼѾѪ˺ۣ̲ס૵Ҷ󻪣Բ𣬶Բ𡣡
ӢܼȫǸ⣬Ů̫𣬶ʱνЦˣƤһƤʲôϵû¶û¶
ʱúҶ󻪣Ҳˣģҵ巢ģҲˣٷ´ξͰҰԓҶ⣬Ҫ
ӢЦЦᣬܹˣĶ񫼸췢һΣ
һ죬ȥһʱӱͻͶƷ
ӢܵãǾĶˣûУ
ƴĵͷУֻҪҡ
ӢһֻãԤףɹ
ȻһЦԼаװִһɹģΪңҲΪˡΪҳԵĿࡣ
ӢܵΪʲôҲΪңΪԼԼôһСŮҪӣǿϧˡ
˵žššķ
ᱻôһšЩ΢΢ˣæȥɣҵĶҲŪԵġ
ӢܵɲʲôöҪ׼
һȭͷҲ£ûϵ˵ҳԲ˿࣬ߣƫƫҪһԣ˭˵ҾһǧСˣҪһ˸ơ
Ӣ˵ǲҲ֪ܲ΢΢һЦһ¥ȥ
¥£ȴֻһڼæµ󷹣һ߻Скȥˡ
ӢϵѪۣ㶣ܿʲôӢЩһЦС㣬һûԣǶ˰ɣ緹ѾˣҸԡ
˵žȥ˳һͶ˷˷һŽʵľϣȴһӵĲˡ
ˣ̾ȥ궼ྻоԺЩֻǼЩƺýüͷ
Ӣȴûæǻǵȵٳ԰ɣҲһ
ȣȣͷӲ֪ʲôʱܹǻȳԣæĻ
ӢܼСкԱᣬľʣЦŵʲô֣
Скӵĵʯͷ
ʱҲֳСʯͷ壬̡
ǽСʯͷк˵壬̡
ӢЦӦһСʯͷͷԡ
СʯͷֺݣӦҲǿﻹеһģ㷹ˣֻǼǿЦһЦ
ҲûԶãͻˣȫ᱾һģ尤ԼϽƵӢߣһλ
Ծﻻһ·ϴֲŵӢܲϵץۣʱЦ
ÿͷԴϲģЦʲô
ҡҡͷʱ򳳼ܣҲǰץˣǲͦ𡣡
һ⻰֪ȰˣҲЦǰǰҼ޸ʱСܱλС˶٣ʱҲǲ£ΪһС¾Ͱ֣ϡץñЦڡ
⻰֪ˣæҡֵģҡҡ
ֲ˵ʲô
ЦЦֵС㣬ӱǴҲǹˣҲò˼˻쳳ҲûʲôֻС㣬һˣӦûڶ飬ĿЩƺ죬ССŮӣҪŶԡ
ӢһۣӢǺȻӦǣȴͷüͣҲˡ


 065 ദ(4)
극ֳȥˣӢһϱĸɾ·ϣھмԼһãʱȻʧЦӢȴҡͷ۽۴ʲôһ֪ļҾһܺá
·˳ȥȴӦһɽ꣬ϲŴ壬²ŵ꣬Ӧ·ΧׯڵŲٵ׺͵ȡ
ʱʣʱııţ˭˵ҵС㲻ܳԿ࣬ڲܹԿô
ûһоëëϸʱ죬ɽ紵ݹǣҪӢֻܵȥȴʱŽվൾеˮ̲ס壬壬ˣȥ꣬ˮ䣬ůЩٲɡ
ˮС㣬ˣ䣬Ȼȥɣұ꣬ʱ˾Ӱճɡ
˵ͷȥæµᲢûߣˮ¶ָݵӣðû˵ӢҲȥʱ˼һЩȥûˡ
һȻҶ󻪣ߣǵȥ߸壬òá
ҲӢܴӦͼææﱼȥӢܾĺš
ιˣʲôߣҸȥ
æĵôУôУС㣬ӣ꣬ȥˡ
˵žҪеʳãȥȥֻѶóҾˡ
ʱҲæЩ˼ĵðɣС㣬鷳ˡ
ߵһ¸
ӹ£ȥԼҲ˴ߣʱȻµôˣǵرѱﻬޱȣңȻһʧ㣬ǰ˵ڵأϡȫ๸ܿǰţ͵Уĵлͣ
ԼӣǻһЦӢܵιҶ󻪣ڽвгԿࣿ
ӢܸһֱûȥжôŮ࿴Ǹ˵õȷıʵǸƵĹĽᣬʵһഺڵ棬ȱϸĹذĽһУʵڹֲôʣܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
ӢܵͷֿĵЦ֣ͣˮϴţ̬òһеİٺϻôôĴӢܿҲˡ
صæøëͷָ·ϣˣȥˮϴ裬Ӣĸߴ󣬼ûкʵ·һë̺ȥš
Ӣܵˣ֡񡱵ЦͣƱǸɣӶ˳Ⱥļﻹˡ
ӢῪʼסı仯ǺԵģּҵĻȻӦԷʳʼǸűСʯͷãĵİȥιһȻܿͳóˣһ㣬ӢܸеޱȾ졣
Ҳʱ䣬ӢܲʶᣬóᲢѾϰߣ˾ҪıԼŬĿ˷ţʱҲʼǸ׹ϼܲȻֻӴһΣѾܸеһˣϱֳģҲһŮɱȣҵŮȷֵý
Ķڵ緢ģȻѾ˾Ľ䶾ϵ˫ʹȴܹܵģֿʼԲУͷǽײʱӢֻһǾϴһıڻƴ˺ҧԼ
ÿһα֮ԼƲסӢɵ˺ҪʹһԽԽԼĶ񫡣
ʮ֮ĶԽԽСʱҲԽԽ̣ºѾʮ찲ȻˣӦѾ䶾ɹ
ʱ䣬һǧԪѵȻŵԼؼҺһǮ˵ӡѷǳˣοӢܻʱһЩԵֵũҪǮһƴǣֻ˵סþסãļ˻һЩ
Ӣᶼٴˣֻûеˣе绰Ӣܱ֪ͨһҶٻһϼŵӹ˾ԱòҪǣҲգ˺ҲûʲôҶٻӦò̫ĵġ


 066 ദ(5)
һ죬˾׼ڶ뿪֪󣬻᲻ãɱɱѼŪ˺ôһˣҲصóԼʮϽΪ˼С
ϯϣ˵ףĻȰȥú飬ӢҲЩúõĴһҵ˴ѧ˾ܽˡ
ĻӢǹЦĲȴĬĬĵͷ֪ʲô
ȵϯվƾѾǺˣӢܲͣĸҪϧᣬʲôǸѵõĺùϺùѵáƯĺù֮١֮ķȥµ˵һѣӢöͷˣȴһߣЦţƺһ㲻¡
Ĵߴ£ŽԼĳƪۣ˯ȥˣӢҲصԼķ䡣
ϴڴϣ˿һͷ죬ιҶ󻪣ʹöˣҸ˵ݲ㵽ʲôˣ
Ӣܲ˵Լʧ֮Ļֻ½һģһҪæ
ܱæʲô£˵һ쵽
ӢܵҪȥȽ򡣡
ỹΪʲô£ԲɴʧӢܣҪǮ𣬺ãҸǧ򣬹
ӢܵãֻҪ򣬹Щʱỹ㡣
ᶼ£ҲһЩƣģĽӢ߿˿ӢܣȥҲøˣ˵öԣ˾ӦԼҵϼŴúܣҷǳȱˣҸҸ˵˵һӹ˾ܾԲ⡣
Ӣ῿ĹϵȥϼţҡҡͷԼ£ᣬȥ˵ټˡ
һʱˣŲӣ㡭Ҫȥʲôط
ӢܵǸ˵Լ¡
˵⻰һֲɿƣ˾죬Ҳˣ۲һȴƶӣҶ󻪣ؿһ¡
˵žǰ
ӢЩ§Σ˯·Ҳʲôš
ǰ΢΢ıۣһ󣬺ȻҶ󻪣ӱ㻹˭ӹ𣿡
Ӣû뵽Ȼ⣬ɵ֪
ʱſǰ޵һԶ֪ôܣǾǹûǾûǡ
˵ȴЦŶ֪ˣߣǲǣʲôϵҲжʮ˰ɣܺӱǡҲǳصģŮӽӹֲϡ棬ι˭ôǻнûУ
ôһӢܻһ仰֪
ᡰߡһ벻Ҳʵˣ˵Ͳ˵һûƯԲԣ
ӢﶼûУ֪ԼӹǵĹûƯʵ÷ˣ͡šһ
ʱָˣҧҧ촽Ҷ󻪣ӱ˵ǵζ̼ͦģһֱûԣ硭̽ҡ
Ӣһ紺һ˫ˮĵŲ⣬һһֳ⣬ͷʱһʲôҲ˼Ӻζ˳Ϧദ˯һŴϣԼϸץ۳ӡδŮʲôм뷨ҲǺģ˱ɣûȫʱȥ˺ɱȲӱ˸ᣬľҺȶˣں˯Ҳ˯ɣǻҪȥ
˵ž͵ĽͷԼıѣȴǲӱ
Ӣܲµòȷ˸飬׼ȷ˵ǳ˸ĸֳ֮һõˣܹ˴ڲͬĴ̼ҳҲҰ˵ջԼҲ㲻ϲΪмΪ˱ϲǣ뽫˵Ĺϵһ㣬뿪Լû뵽Ҫʲô
ӢܾȻܾԼõϼСǣҲϣһ󣬲ϾͻСЩҲûкܷϣӢͷ촽鶯˼䡰ɵϡľͷ
ȻҲԼıѣһ˯ˡ
˵ڶ죬Ӣ˴ǣĦоʡǶȥ
һСʱң͵ҵıӢȻ֣ܵıʱΧ˹ƺæ֪ͨ


 067 ͹
ЩӢܶŵ⣬æȵɢǶɢҶ󻪲ǻˡ
ʱһӳģ˹һȻС㣬λҶʲôˣҪȵܻ˵
ŶҸʡ𣿡
ǶӳܵС㣬ҲûȥղѾ˵绰ϾҪϻˡ
ҸҲãǰѻ˵ʡҶ󻪵鷳ÿҺҶ󻪽ȥ
ǱӳЩˣҲڱóһ·
ӢܽұеӶ˶Χ˹Ӣܵ񶼴ǲԣرǻ壬Ǻ޺޲ѣСɫ죬㲻ûԼЦӱôС£ֻ¡ֻ¡
ģСʵ̫ɶˡ
ӢܺԼһҲĻûãͼҴҵĳ˽
һӢܣһ飬Щʲô
ȭͷҪӢܡ
Ͻǰȥס磬˵ҶǸˣʲôҲûᡣ
ұᣬã˵Ūʲôطȥˣ
Ҫǹȥ̬ȣ׼ҪһܣٲãѾĸıԼ֪ԼżȥĸŹϣȻһԼƽŵ磬ҲżҲԣҳߣҶûʲôֻǴһط磬Ѿͨˣôȥǰ취ʵ֪Һܺõġ
û뵽һԼâûῪ˵ƺһӳ˲٣Ҳ㶣ŵᣬִ㣬Ҳܲԣڵúܣԭ𣿡
뵽ȥԼȷ಻µĵطȦʱˣ͵˵Ͽ磬Ҳԭңϼô£һҪġ
úȻǳ˺ü꣬Լǰޣ۾ҲЩʪ󣬵һԵӢܣָ̻ƽ߰ϵģᣬһ飬Сûʲô˺£˵˭ֻҪ㣬ҾҪúѿ
ʲôû˵ֻǿųȥе裬ҵ¥ȥһˡ
վ棬æȥֻʣӢ˵ľͽ֯ײһ𣬾˶ţ˭Ҳã˭Ҳʾ˵УԼǸ߸ϣŭԷη򶨣һ޵׵ĺڶܹϬȫ룬ˣʵ̫ˣҶ󻪣治֪ʲôͷ
ʱѾߣ˵ЩʲôɫһӾͺͻٵӢܣᣬƽµĻȻã㲻֪ɵˡ
磬Ҷ󻪲ʲô˰ɡ
ᣬҶȻû㣬ʲôˣһֱûвʵ̫Σˡ
˿Ӣ΢΢һЦүģרģϾҪߣ㲻õġ
Ӣһ𣬼æ㡭ȥʲôʱҡ
ᣬߣҵ۹⣬ǸΣǧҪմ
ӢûлشԼһܣȻһ£磬㿪һ֧ƱҶ󻪣ȥá
ˣӻȡ֧ƱʵҶ󻪣ţҸǧ򣬴ӽá
ӢܵһЦҲţý򣬶ҪʩǧãȰһ䣬һƢȷǸܲĹ
û˵Ȼֻһ֧ƱᣬӢܡ
Ӣ֧ܽƱУзȵһЦת߳˴ڲƺĦУںĽԼҲûлͷʻұ


 068 (1)
ұӢĵһ±ǵȥ֧ƱתţһһʮȻһȡЩֿֱպհ³ڵҽԺȥһʱѪӣһԼԲһǸҶٻ׼ġ
ҽԺסԺӢܾϴǼ䲡ȥȴʿʰ̣Ͽһˣպհ³ȻҲڡ
ӢæһʹЩĻʿһⲡϵλתȥˣ
ǻʿ¶Ȼ֮ɫλѾˣͣǹˣʲôˣô᲻֪
Ӣ벻ǸгеŮӾȻˣҲһ㶣ѵѡ
ʱһСЩĻʿǸպհ³ѣãȥǹݣôһˣŮˣ޵˶һǺÿ
ʹĻʿʵǸҸģʱǸһֱ֣һһҹûſˣһʮ궼ûпѵãѵá
ӢҲײԼˣպհ³ʹޣ֪ȻѾĵزҲͣҴ߳ҽԺʿ򶫳ǹݶȥ
ûãʿǹͣ£Ӣ˽ȥֵĹԱ˵˳е֣ǹԱԵ˲飬Ҫߺȥ
ߺһƿţͼǰͣһףһŮ񣬶һĸߴһվڱԣţҵϣȴϴμĳеĸĸһЩ֮ˣ¶˸֮顣
ƵӢˣеĸϵӭ˹λãȥȰȰպհ³߶ˣҲ̫ġ
Ӣܵͷ˹ȥ
պհ³Ѿֻĳ˵ͷȻǱȥ
Ӣųе棬ѾˣŵױȷǸľĹҲһ̾պհ³̫ģ¹֮Ҳ˵ġ
պհ³ǱףȻ΢ЦѾˣΪ֪ǲģԶһ𡣡
Ӣ֪ԽһԽʹ࣬̾̾ģӻͳһʮ֧Ʊݵϵպհ³š
պհ³֧ƱУҲһ㶣æݻȥУôǮʲôҲòŶǮˡ
ӢܵǮŸ¹ĸĸҲТġ
պհ³ڳɣ֪һԼǰһССıô˴󷽣΢ЦģǮеģκ⡣
պհ³ʱ̧ͷǮΪʲô
ӢҲûѣǸֵýѡ
պհ³۾һ¶˼֮飬֧ƱĬĬ˻Улû˵
Ӣܵ¹ˣҵȾƣ
պհ³ҪٻҪң͵ϱ·ٶʮb42ǺúúһӢַܽסǸúúõĺһˣãһġ
Ҳ£תеĸĸ˵ͷ˳ȥ
ǹݣӢܱȥһֻͨҶٻֻ롣
ȻӢܵҶٻĶʱɵøҴ绰ˣҪҵСħŮȥ棬ҲҪ֪ͨһһĸҵԲõҽԺ
Ӣ֪Ȼ˵һҳˣҶٻĿȥұԼģҶٻ㵽ұˡ
Ҷٻ绰ǰϵ㲻ϣԼҲȥҵסʲôطȥˣ˺þã㲻ٵ£˵Сˡ
Ӣܵô˵ģ
ҶٻҾ˵ֻʶ鲻ҲŪǵҲʵʵ˵ɣιһһ᲻¹
ӢܵѾְˣѾǮ˵ǼҽԺܲڴȥ


 069 (2)
ҶٻӢܾȻǮɵģһǽСƨĵžž죬İɣǮëëꡣҲҪһϢұ˾һ⾰أһѾͷ̨֣ڵ￴ˡ
Ӣܵʲôʱ
Ҷٻˣûپͷ֮ɣһ绰ģֻɡ
Ӣܡšһ˼䣬͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣڱ죬ҶٻŴ绰˵Ӣ㵽ȥ
Ҷٻ˵ʱ䣬ӢǰСʱ͵ˣȵһ󣬾ͼһɫvë£һƤҶٻԼǰ
ҶٻҲȺкȺӢܣһͷС¹СܹЦĵɵˣûǮ˰ɡ
ӢҲһЦӻͳʮ֧ƱǷӦöܻˡ
Ҷٻӹһʱϴ󣬵ɵ㻹ķˣβǮûУ
Ӣһͷһ򣬹
Ҷٻſ죬ûк£ɵ˺СħŮȥСѿûٵðҹȻңָ©ĶǴǮ
˵˸߲ҵĽ֧ƱССӢܾһĵðȥ˵ɨǵĻջأҵĲˣʮ򣬿ɹһȥһײķ
ӢܵˣȥǼҽԺɡ
ҶٻЩʵͦ˵ģҲЩָ䣬֪ʲôˣĹ˾ϰǲָˣֻԸʲô֮ͨࡣ
ɵ뵽˾ƺƵоҶٻʱ֪㼱ãھȥ
ӢܼҶٻúõϺȻϼҶٻǲǸðˣú찡ҪҪҩԡ
ҶٻʱϸǷ̣ͷǿȥɡ
˵žһʿ˵ȥҽԺ
˾ͼų򶫳Ƿȥ
˰СʱңתһţӭһߴΰĽʮߣûҪɣӢûһָ
˾ƵŶⴱ¥һˣ֪ʲôõģһֱرţҲûж⣬֣Ų˷Ǯô治֪˭޵ġ
ҶٻϴʱѾⴱ¥ˣҿݣǹ˾òࡣ
˾ҡͷܣܣ˭ỨǮʡôģĹ˾ЩС˾дּ仹࣬滹ʲôطûŪðɡ
ҶٻҲǣû˵ˣӢܵǴ¥üۡ
ֹ˼Ĵ֣͵ǰҽԺȴвٸ߱۾˽
ҶٻӢ˳ҰҽԺӢ˿ģľԲȫģһҪǣֻǮôܵˣֻҪ첻㵱ץ߾ˡ
ӢվڵϣҽԺĴ¥Ȼ˵˷ܣҪ֪Լʲôˣ˵Ҷٻ˵ĽͨҲںͿĺá
ҶٻӢܵ¥һҽңȴһʮҽڸһ긾Ů˵ŻԱ߻һ۾Ůˣҽ˵һ䣬ͷһ䡣
ҶٻӢһԵɳϵţ׵ȵ긾ŮȥӢȥҽЦЦȻŮֵС㣬㻹ǲǵңѯλЪҽģҴҵˡ
СЦŶ˵ͷЪҽ˵ЩʲôЪӢܣֹ˵һ
ȻҶٻ鷢ˣûеȵС㷭룬ӢܾȻЪҽҶٻȻ˵üСҲͷ֪ɵӢһһˣЩĿ࣬ɵôһ֡
һЪҽվӢܱԼϸĿһ˿ڣʹŮӢ߽һݣҶٻ֪ȥ飬š
ӢܸŽȥЪҽţͷȴһ̨ͣƶ֮Уã㲻ˣЪӢҶˡ
ӢЪһأһҽҵôܲҪã


 070 (3)
ЪҶ벻ܵǹˣ˵ǣǿӵûдͷ
Ӣû˵ЪֵҶģҽԺԲ˵ǾԱܵġ
Ӣܵ˵˵ҵɡ
Ъ˵ͷãҶҾʵʵ˵ǵӵλ񾭵ıԵѪܷǳĴұ֤ٷ֮ٵĳɹ
Ӣһжٵİա
Ъܸɴĵһ롣
Ӣֵʲô
Ъƻ֯Ҳ˵ֲˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҪǮ
ЪʮԪ
ӢܵãҸʲôʱ
Ъ԰磬Ҫʧܵ׼
Ӣܡšһ˳ȥ
˳Ҷٻ̴ɳվôôܲ
Ӣû˵ҶٻȥС㣬СЪĻ˵ˡ
ҶٻֻһĻᣬʧӢпֲܱˣҲʱסˣæӢһߣɵҪˣĻûйȥļ䣬һк˶һòñˡǸҪˡ
ӢѾˣ
Ҷٻᶨ񣬲˵ʲôֻðɣҲ룬ǻһĻ𣬻ȳԷҪʮҪúõһٰɡ
˵ŻЪԼʱ䣬Ȼ˴ǡ
˳ҽԺڸһҵβľ¥òͣҶٻҲٽԼһĲ
ҶٻӢЩĬɵ£ҿɵɵƣˣǷһʲСĲô
ӢܵҲǺ£ֻźʧˣԼ˭֪
ҶٻҲЩҲ֪ôģȻ嶯ĵɵʲôҪ룬úõ׼ˣһչ㣬ڴû˹ܡ㲻ǸʮҴ˲ӡ
Ӣڴϡһ䣬ӢҲȻһᣬԼȷˣҶٻĳŵȻʱ򻹺СԵְܵͿɿóǸ洿ĹԼĿףһᶪԼܵġǣԼȥô
ӢܴʱѾ뵽һ⣬ЦЦðɣʣЩǮȫȥ
ҶٻҲ˵ֲ˵ķúܸߣ˵ͷⶼһ㲻һںͱι˵᲻׬˴ǮȻϴֲɣûʲôþץϴţŻӢӦǱȽϸ߼ˡ
ӢѾһɣЦιҶٻûʲô˾ܣ񣬸㲻ûǾپʲôġ
ҶٻһЦޣֻܲ·ľͱˡ
˵Żʶû¡
극ҶٻȻع˾ȥˣ˵ӢȥҽԺ
ȵҶٻȥӢܾһʿϴպհ³˵ĵַȥϱ·
ܿ͵պհ³סĵطӢ˺һţżպհ³Ѫ۾ͷңѾ˲٣һľζ
Ӣܴպհ³˵ͷýȥ
ӢܽݣȴǼҵӣﵽǳеƬҵȫǿ˵İ׾ƿ
ɳϣӢʲôҲû˵ԱߵϷźüƿƣȥƿ򿪣һƿպհ³һƿȴһ٣ͷպհ³Ҳû˵๾ࡱľͺڡ
ĬĬ˰ƿӢܲպհ³ô죿
պհ³һھƵ֪
Ӣܵ鷳һ¡
պհ³˵
ӢܵԴһӵһֱǲȥ£׼ȡһĻɹʧܣпܳΪֲˡ
պհ³̧ͷҪʲô
Ӣܵ취Ҳˡ
պհ³˻Ůˡ
ӢܵѾǲԼʲôˣһŮˣҲûжٹϵչҵģʲôˣ˱Ȼǿ
պհ³һۣ֮ɫԥĵá
Ӣܵ㲻µʲôɱ˵
պհ³ȻʵһûκηֲҶҪѺܶ᲻ῴң
ӢܺȻ΢Цеƿӣպհ³ͽеľƿһ£һȫˡ
պհ³һֻϣܹɹ
ӢҲֺһϣܹ


 071 ָ
˵ڶ磬ҶٻȻ˼ӢһǰҽԺ
Ъҽ׼ˣȵӢȥǮϣʿ¥һңҶٻһֱ棬ϵš
ӢܽңȴЪ֮⣬֣˴֮䶼û˵ĴŶһұעһʲôӢܾͽʧȥ֪ˡ
֪˶ʱ䣬ӢٴȴѾһĲҶٻԱߵ鴲Ϻ¶˯
оӢܵĶҶٻ̾ѹ´ߵߣ¶ϲòʤɵˣããҽ˵һܹ֮ԼѾͲΪֲˣˣܲ˵УļָûС
ôһ˵Ӣܱʱ֮䣬ȥһĻĻ¾ĸ¶͡櫣Ѹ磬һһεľ񣬻оڴʱˮ¶ļҶٻܼᡢպհ³ϸڣҲܹ
ʱٴ΢΢ͷҵļѾָˡ
Ҷٻʱһϲð˵ʲôˣǹôģ
ɱ֣֡Ӣôܳڣ뵽ѶԼ֤wʡˣӢܣƽʱֺУûʲôְҵǹǱ˸ģǾ졣
Ҷٻ૵ĵӢܣӢܣֺУûʲôְҵ˴ˣǾǺڵˡ
Ӣܵͷǰɡ
ҶٻͲµ˼֣ĵڵģûǮ
Ӣҡҡͷ
ҶٻЩɵĵļٵġ
Ӣܵͷġ
ҶٻʱʧǲϹ𣬻˴ǹҲǵùˣˣûбץкڵûУ
Ӣܼʵϸ£ûС
Ҷٻһ⻹ܲᱻۣˣڿʲʣԲˮղҳȥЩӻкôġ
ӢܾﻹǷɣ˵ͷ
Ҷٻóһˮӳԣ̫ԲˣϸĵСƬι
ӢƯʱԵøҶٻ棬ֻĸ
棬ӢܵҶٻ˯˶ˡ
Ҷٻڻû磬һ졣
Ӣܵ㲻ûȥ˾𣿡
ҶٻЦûϵҽ˵һھָܻѾһڵļ٣㶼ˣûֲˣǮɱ˸㡣
ӢЦЦۼԼֻߣʱѶԼǸ绰룬ϾȥҶٻԼߣҶٻҶˣȥŪһòã
ҶٻҲ㲻Լʲô飬Ҳ֪ΪǱѾֵǮ³һЦð͹ݾУúñϢһ
˵žӯ˳ȥ
ӢʱֻżеĺȥһλŮúܺιһ
ӢܰѶ˵ģԼ֣ιӢܡ
ôһ˵绰Ƕ˵ŮʱѽӢܣڸҴ绰ˣϰڵ㣬˵ʲôط
ӢܵҽԺǹɥʧ˼䣬
Ů˵ǼҽԺϸϹ
ӢܵãһмܳԺʱϵ֪ͨһ´ϰû¾ˡ
Ů˳ĬһŵðɣӢܣһҪĴ绰֯Ѿһж׼ˣסҽѩá
ӢҲ֪֯׸Լ׼ЩʲôС㣬֪ˣһþͻϵġ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
һҶٻһȺˣһʢˣһߴţһιӢǺмϧһûɱ֣ǲܺκεŮġ
죬ҶٻӢܵŮһϸĵչ˷ǲľŮӣӢ飬ֻĬĬķУͺһ


 072 صĴϰ(1)
ʱܿ͹ȥˣӢܵ˿ϵúܺãЪҽˣͬԳԺ
˳ԺһҶٻӢܵԷףţȴҶٻһ֧Ʊ˿һаʮӦԼȸʮʣµǮ
Ӣһ㶵Ҷٻʲô
ҶٻӣΪȥж˲˭֪ҲǸ⵰Ǯȥʲô⣬ںڵɵˣףӢܵУҸ㣬Ͳջصġ
Ҷٻ㵱ҺһɵһҰʮѾˣǰЩӵǮҲǴ׬һʣιɱСң˾עң㲻һŮһţȻǴĵϷһӾͿԺǮҿɲ
Ӣϵ֯ﻹȱǮ㽫֧ƱеãȻҪҲҪͰ˺ˡ
ҶٻҪ˺֧ƱϽһ˹Ҫ˰㣬ʲôЦŪ²鷳ģˣˣҾ£ҪҪʱãҸ㱣ܡ
˵žͽ֧ƱŽԼСƤȻӢܣҾҪع˾ˣʲô㣿
ӢܵҼǵһλѣѾϵˣҲ׼ȥ
Ҷٻǲǵϵֵܣ
Ӣҡҡͷ
Ҷٻ⻹࣬ӢܣҿǴѲк󸣣úˣǰ;
Ӣһüʲôкúˣǰ;ôŲ˳
ҶٻѵȥúǹôģҺʹôЩ¡
ӢһʱֻҪĬ
Ҷٻ˵ӣԵó˵ƽʱڹ˾ЩÿԱҪö࣬ζö࣬ĪȻ
극˾ھ¥֣Ҷٻع˾ӢܾҪϵѩõŮˡ
Ҷٻ֮ʱӢܷȻʧ٣ҪԼʱϵӢ֪ܲ֯ԼʲôйܹãԱ֤Ҷٻ̵УҲֻܴӦ
ĿҶٻ˵ʿӢܾʹͨѩõĵ绰ֻѩþͽˣֻӢ𣬸ңڵλãϿ㡣
Ӣȥ˿·ļ¥⡣
ѩ̵ãʮ֮ڣһϵűߡ
˵ž͹Ҷֻ
Ӣܾվŵѩǰ뵽ѶԼһҪϼŵܲʧ֮ԣҪϼţļŹ˾ʵڱȥɱһҪϰٱǧʧٵ±ȻǺ䶯ȫĴ󰸣ϼйӰ죬⾯϶ȫԸڻûʲôϢֻǺҵɹѰҪҵϿٻϼţڶϼŵ˽⣬ǲɵ£治֪ϰôġ
ţһɫķѾƬ̾ͣӢܵߣųϾһŮˣŻɫĸ£޳ü峺ĺͫͦǣɵӣ뾫µٶǶһĹϣȻҹ·֮£ȻԸоӨѩļĿ䣬͸һŸ߰ʣȻܹõĽ
Ӣ֪Ӧþѩˣ绰ܺ벻˻ô
ѩֻӢһۣãѩãӢܰɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲȥգֻϸ񻬣˴֮Ϊ
ѩЦЦ¶ѩ׵ıݵóɣҴ㵽һطȥϰѾˡ
Ӣ벻ϰˣҲһ㶣šһ˳ĸʻλϡ
ѩϳʼǰУԵҲûӢܶʲôӢȻҲȥڨ˶
ﴩ˰Сʱ͵һΰĴ¥£ӢһϴԼҶٻҽԺʱ۵ǴƳõĴ¥벻ǳѪĲҵ
ѩý˴¥µһȵբһңȥ˰ǵբžͻˡ
ȵȥȴһͣϰٸλټֻͣӢƣ֪ϰһ
ѩͣ˳ʹӢȥһݣӢܿ˿һʮ㣬ѩðʮ˲㡣


 073 صĴϰ(2)
ûþ͵ʮ˲㣬ѩ˵Ӣܣϰˣ
߳˵ݡ
˺ܿ͵һ⣬ѩţ̾һʮš
Ӣ˽ȥȴһСңмǸεĻ˿ŵ⣬ˣһҲʮ£ֻҪЩ
ȴֱһŲ⣬ϴɱӦʮңǴϰڣǿ鲣Լ⿴ȥӦÿóӦ֮
ʱѩߵǲǰϰ壬ӢѾˡ
ֻܺãܺãǶ
ӢɱģȫֲŮ٣֪ϰҪأҲ⣬ѩһߣԶ
Ǵϰѩãҽһ¡
ѩӦһһƵλǴLӢܡ
ȻһָӵλǷģѧʿȥϼŵι߼Ա
ǷĸϽվӢֵ˵LſΪϰǶǺܰӢƺ֪ԼLֻǸһɱ֣΢Цŵ˵ͷǵһ˳ƺԼΪܡЩϰߣ֪ϰ尲ԼϾҪ˾ܡֻ½󺰵˸࣬治֪ҶٻǶԲԲۻɶ
ʱѩһЩһָλǺɣ˾δ²ϰЩ˲ŶС
ʱǺҲվֵܣգģʲô£ҪʲôˣֻϺǣһᰲĸ㡣
ӢܱҲЦŵ˵ͷǾͶлˣ᲻£˾ľ鲻㣬ϣָ̡
˵⻰ȴһıŤѶС͵רŵʦ̹˽ʵֶεǣ¶櫶ûѧǲľĳĬ벻ֻΥĵתԼĴԭˡ
ʱֻǴϰˣǹµʱ仹̸ܶ࣬ڳӢѩãǶȥ
ôһ˵ġɼڶ˳ȥţСֻӢѩˡ
ĬһǴϰӢܣ˺ûУ
Ӣܵûʲôˡ
˵⻰ֵϰ壬˭ûУ
ϰ㵽ɿڵͼԴ֮󣬾û¶棬ڻɵģģֻҪйأӲһġ
Ӣ֪֯ͽֶΣ˵ͷǰ¶أܲܰҲй
ϰԼĿǰﻹ費ǣӢܣ㲻ҪȥܱˣԼŶԡ
Ӣֻõǡ
ǴϰֵӢܣѾʶѩ˰ɡ
ӢܵͷСӵңѾʶˡ
ϰȻʶˣ᳹ף㣬ѩҲ֯Сģ櫲ͬûѪȵ£˳ƯҲڷùͻСһ꣬ѾǰѧõmbaѧλǷǳѵõľӢҪ
Ӣ֪mbamasterofbusinessadministrationӢдĳƹ̹˶ʿѧ̽羫Ӣҡѩܹõmbaѧλϣ棬ͱԼСҲʮճͷǵȷλĹˡ
һЦԭС㾹ȻѾõmbaˣѵðЩѶʦѧʷȿĿʵҲ֪Լﵽʲôز
ѩʱȴǲͶȥ˸мĿ⣬һж˴ϰ壬ҹȥֻһûû豻˹ȥڽյĺӣǴϰ˿ຣǮңûдϰ壬ûҵĽ졣
ʱǴϰͻЩҲԼһǧ¶Ů֮Уû˭ܱȵ㡣
˵ϰֵӢܣڿʼѩþǹϵģ˽ҲڣһҪúõϣټЩ׼ԴҪϼţҲǲܵ¡
˽Ҳڡһ䣬Ӣܣѩöе˼Ӣһ㶣ȴԱߵѩ΢΢һ


 074 صĴϰ(3)
ǴϰҲѩõӣֵôѩã㲻Ըô
ѩòͷӢһۣ¶İ޿κε񣬻ĴͷȥԸ⣬ֻҪǴϰķԸҶԸ⡣
Ǵϰѩã֪ʼ᲻ϰߣӢǸˣһϲģ¶ȡ̣˾ϼŸġ
ѩõ˵ͷ̧ϸƳӢһۣĵ˵ͷȻİ
ϰֵӢܣ֪ΪʲôһὨһϼŵûɵİ칫¥𣿡
ӢҲһֱΪ·ɣͷǰϼдССʮӹ˾ÿ춼ǳ֣ʲôûпʼôһ¥̫ˡ
ϰӢܣ뷨Ѿˣǹ˾ҪȻɱй̽磬ҪʲôһǿͳҪ𺳵ĵһУǵĲȤ⣬ۺǸĵأڱĹ˾ڲ˽֮ǰⴱãͲǹ˾Ҳǹ˾˲ſǽ
̶̵ļ仰ӢѩöصĴϰ嶼еޱӢܵϰ壬ʵ²ʱǲˡ
ϰȻӢܣҶǾԷĵģֻǱܻûбֻҪģŬûʲôɹȥּյĻﶼѵһô
Ӣ޷ֻõãҾһԡ
ϰȻʲôһԣǾҪϼţûУ
ӢܺȻһоϰϼʲôⲻĶԹƺҲ£ǣ֪ˡ
ǴϰЩӢܣסɱֲһȻҲҪ飬ҪѧԲһ㻹ǷȱҪúõĶһˣֻмӲǣҪᲢãĪ֪ʲôһֽʲôôͻõõһСӢܣЩҺúõļסȻƽʱľĥûС
ӢҲϸϸ˼ϰ˵Ļúе˵ͷҼסˡ
ϰֵˣˣвܣҲϼŵһЩϸɿǵҲ֪ҪúںɣȴǸҶʮԼˣԾΣ˲ţȫЩ껨ǮģҪֻ
ӢҲѧã֪ɹҪʽ˲ţϰ嶼Ѿ׼˺ܶ꣬һƺгԼҲɵĴãϰ壬ǹ˾ʲô֣Ҿֽ
ǴϰĬһԼҲ벻ãҾֻ͸ΪӢóŹ˾ɣУҲӢܴúˣȻӢۺȴ֮˵ǲǣ
ӢҲһҵ˾ã⡭װǴϰʲôף˵׾ף˵׾Ͳף־ˣ飬Ǽһ£ҪǮҲϺ˵֪ͨҴ򵽹˾ϵġ
ӢҲû취˵
ϰ˶٣Ӣܣ֪ϼŵĴʼʧٵ𣿡
ӢܵѾ˵ˣûʲô
ϰһһܡ
Ӣܵʲôܣ
ϰһصĵطѾעܾˣʮÿһʱȻʧȻҪ˶¶棬һֻʧʱһӣķҲһطйأҪ֪ȥֻһʲôǵѧ
Ӣܵ㻳ϼŵĴʼһء
ϰǱأҸоʲô˵ĶڲͬҲܣĺܺ棬ܺ档
һϯӢܵȤһúòġ
ϰһҪصĴϼһͿأҲӻԶġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷˡ
ϰӢܣҲǸ˲ţûô׶ԸǧҪСģˣѩãȥɣˣҲס
ѩ˵֪ˣϰ塣
ǴϰֵǾˣǼһᣬо˾ĵһӦôߣһʱйעģǳȥɣк뷽ǽһлҪǷԸ
⻰Ӣѩòͣųȥ뷽ļվ棬ǽȥȴ˴á


 075 ˽˹(1)
˴⣬ӢѩͣԼȴⴱߴΰĽû˵
ѩôԼãûⴱյĴ¥
ӢܺȻЦǣϰȷǸһᣬҸһȥȫͬ˵һµսȻϼǱ˴ģҲӦοõԴ٣ⳡսϰҲ׼ˣһ죬һϼŵġ
ѩòȻ˵˺ƣŵĻһ˫ĬĬһˣŵܣֲôϰ㣬Ȼ˲һ˵Ļġ
Ӣܡ֣ȻȻˣǺ񣬶һģLʱкü˼סûз񣬾ΪҶԼģһ¡
ѩ˸˼ᶨĻȻ˴ϰղ˵Ļѩã֪ʼ᲻ϰߣӢǸˣһϲġǰǿŵˣȷŮһ޷ܵջҲ⡣
뵽Լܲɷ֣ѩжʱЩæͷţϰ˵۹ȷܣҲܹ
ӢջܶϬ񣬺Ȼҡҡͷֻ벻ͨϰôҵ˾ȡ
ѩõܺýͣϰĻݣڶ˵ӢܼŵܲãӵоԵĴȨ̸£ͻš
ӢֿԵȷϴ󣬱ͷ
ѩü϶У˰Сʱң͵һɽɫŷʽȻұҪСЩȴ㲻䡣
Ʒıأѩõĳˣ˵բ
ѩýͣһߵС¥£¥ʱӭӶ˴긾Ů
ѩָǽܵǮ֣裬⻹һӣҪҪǽ
ӢҡͷѩñǮ衢֣裬ǵӢܣүԵ̫Ǿͽүˡ
Ǯ֣ϽӢܼȻ˽˵¥Ĵ
ӢܼĲþºұзҲ⣬С㣬ʲôʱġ
ѩõйǰ죬ϰԸģһЩݵĲŵģߣ㵽¥ȥ⡣
˵ž¥Ӣںš
˶¥ѩýȫĵƶ򿪣ȴÿһӶõ¶رңԵúܰݵһСﻹһոµĸ١
ѩЦôܣ⣬ĵطҽŪһ¡
Ӣܶʳ㣬һҡͷܺãܺãС㣬ˡ
ѩʱȻһⶼӦġܣûʲôµĻҵסȥʰһЩȻٹ
ӢҲ˴ϰҪѩչԼ˽ĻҲɵһȣ͵˵ߵȷҪһŮ˵ģȻϰѾаţȻȥܾϾѩԼ֯ˣҪǣû˺ĸ飬ʹԼʲôѵĵطҲ̫
ѩý³򿪣ָ˸λã뿪
Ӣܱһ˯ڿ㣬Աߵһԡȥϴ裬ڿĴų˹ЧԡʱѾʱȻ˻ĸоǰʧ䵽ҶϽܵɵȻʶֻһʲôǵƽڣһй̽磬ԶϰʽļŹ˾ܣһδսҪˣ뵽һΣҪɼôСԼԼĴϰʧҲѩÿԼһ˵󻰵ˡ


 076 ˽˹(2)
Ӣϴ㵽ҵ˵ӣջ̨ͼʱڽ䷢ȫʮܳ꽱Ҫ󽲻ڰ佱̨ϵɷȷǷһ־֮ÿ䣬̨Ͼͻᴫͷβ׽һЩŮ񣬶Ľ֮顣
Ӣܿһֻ̨ûãּϼһǿҵǩ飬Ҳھͷ֮С
ٴλ̨һƵӢƣȴϼŵĹƱƷǳǿҴʸߵͷ
Ӣܱ˵ӣ˼˵ҲһöԸĴˣһƽӹܵĶ棬ôӴʢϼţҪ֮ܣҲǼ׵£ԼܵԶȴɱһرľҪԱҪ鷳öణ˺һ󣬾ŲѩѾŮӶƤҲ˵ĬĬĽ·ЬѥŽ³ȻŮӶȥȻ˻ϴ߽ԡҡ
ӢѩõĶѾ׼ϰԸĶԼȫλġˣҲ̲סһż治СʱѩȻûʲô飬ԷϾһһŮѧʶߣдżޣһȥջǴϰܵ˼ţѩѾһۺɫ˯۳˯Ȼ͸׹ʹѩþԳ͹ߣ鴦ͦ֫ϥ¶Сȼ޳һ˫еЬʮֺֻȴͿ쵤ָͣ滹Żɫ÷
ԡҵѩϺЩ֪룬ɳϵӢܣ֪Լô죬ڱ߷ŵĸ٣˹ȥٸǣʮָչȪˮƮ
ʱӢܾվԼߣƺϸһߵţһߵܣ˵ַǳĸ˼𣿡
䣬ȴӢ΢΢һЦŮǲټ̦Ŵܽ˿185618ʱĸСƷṹˡţС㣬㵯ǵòֻǺЩнϲһ
Ҫ֪ӢܹȥܵѵȷǷǳĸӣ٣Ҫѧϰ߶򡢻ƷơȵȸļܣȻѶҪͨﵽܹŵĵزӢܸѪʱԶȰ¶Ҫࡣ
ƿҰӢܾȻһڵԼĸǴѩõϣвһ𣬸ž͸еһߣҪ֪Ů˵̦Ŵܽ˿һİӢҪԼᣬ˿뺦´ģԼľЩϣо͵˳Ӣ˵ЩнȻѾˣôһҪµԼʱһһĪڴģǺڵ
½ָһ䣬ֲͬЩįɪҰͨȴйġƽ¡⡶ƽ¡ȻôӢѧȻֻĿѩãֻһͷ㷢ٲйƽĺ󱳺Բļͷϣ첲ϸѩ֬޹ǣźʮָϸ۴һ㣬˶ĵǣ֮ʱ΢΢ǰ㣬ؿڼ˯ۿʱʱϣһԾСѩǰʱʱ֣ٿѩõĵգִŴӵĽߣ˫ȻӣȻɼˮ鴫
ѩӢܸղ˵ָнҲһǿŮˣӢƲԼǡƽ¡ָ±һչֵҹͼ˵޾нָ䵱¹йȻ
һ󣬡ƽ¡͵ˣѩþٵԳԼĽΣͷٸǣĬĬ
ӢܵǷǳģҲᷭǽ¥ȥ÷Ӣᣬʱ֪ԼŮҪɱķܵĹϵҲʵȥ飬ߵѩõı͵һѣѾԼĻС
ѩñôȻһҲǳһоҰİԾһ䣬ִʵӲӣĪһԼʱֱʵָ󽫾ĹŮȻж˵Σûȥܡ


 077 ˽˹(3)
ӢܽѩñңƽڴϣԼȴһ˯ۣ֮ȥʲôûʱ¶˱뺷͹ӡ
ѩէȻ˺µȻ֮ûһϽѾо˵׳
ӢҲѩõĽţ˵ʵԴ֮L÷Ӣ֮⣬йüѾǲݵŮӣŮ֮£ѷۣ˵ʲôѩõ뵽˵Щʲôϲ㡱֮Ļ͸еģɴʲôҲȥ⿪ѩõ˯ۡ
ѩõ˯֮£ŵɫɫ˿ڿ㣬ӢָͣƬ̼ͽǰ˵
ȵѩӢܵѾһֻĸӢŷͷʮֵֻӨỬˮ޳ֲʧഺԲ󣬻¾ûһ覴ãһĴһ㣬ǶԽļͦŵ飬γ壬Ө͸ĺ챦ʯѣĿĹԡ
ӢҲû뵽Ů˳ӻҲЩϢĿ˳ϸƽ̹ȥȴСɣ纬飬˫ƴĲ£ţ΢ɼһ߽ա
һӢܺȻеϰԼȷǴмӣѩùȻǷǳŮˣȻ֪ΣҲǺľɫҲ֯ҲΨлѪŮܹ֮ˡ
Ӣ̲סȥѩãָոһ͸еսµȻǴӣʱϧ֮ģȥ㷢ϸ˸
ѩǸеŮӣӢһĶѾᵽ޷⣬Ҳչ
Ӣܷ֮ʱֿصʹѩ÷һʹʶһ§Ӣܵ˫ץץܿͷſˣƺŬš
ӢҲ֪ԼЩ˶󣬳µѩֻԳܣ㾡סԼҰԣ롣
ѩʹ֮У˽˵һܵĽᴥѩѾǺװףǱڴϣЩۣƺһ̧Ǿ޴ʹʹһɵ˴ϡ
Ӣ˼´ҵ˾ֽȸԼøɾȻ˺˺ܳһãߵǰҪҪҸ
ѩüҡȥϸոȥĺ쳱ʱӿͷȥá
ӹӢеľֽϸţֽѾԼĴ֮Ѫ˵Ũ֮ʪһȵģҧҧӣķŴͷվ˯ۣǵԡȥ
Ӣܼ߼ѣȥһѣоԼЩİͣס˽Ų
˺ܾãѩòŴԡѾûôٲάˣûȥȡԼһСȻȡһбҩһŻص˴š
ӢܴʱѾоѩõȷֺŮӣֻβôԼ˹ϵĸҶȻ޷ҲԼĿοһ²ǣ޷ͨҲΥ˴ϰĸԼĳˡ
·ŵҪҪ
ѩüѾڿ㣬ʻعͷȥܣûϵġ
Ӣܵʵû˵ʱԽҵ֣ǶϰµģϵܲãҲδܹãܿͻбˡ
ѩҡͷҲôΪϰνй̽磬ҪϼţƺѾ־ڱصãָܲһԼ˼൱ʱ֮ڣȥʲô£Ҫ֪ϼʵ̫ǿˣǳļޣҶЩġ
Ӣܼ˵һӻѩԼҪ׽Щ뵽ϰҪԼѧԲĻˣǽС㣬ǽѩá
ѩһۣϺȻһ죬ͷϲôжС
ӢܵҾͽѩãԽӢܣҲԽӢܣԽԽãǾ͸ù¹ͨ
ѩõ˵ͷãû˵ʱҾͽӢܡ
ӢһЦͶˣǶ⣬ҲǴϰ˼
ѩһҲ˴ϣǺӢܸЩ룬Ӣܣϰ彻׼ôɡ
***********************************************************һ⣬˵ѩòõmbaΪҪĹ飬ʵѧУҶmbaĹҪǲһģѩǴϰ徫ģҪŪ֤±Ӣ֤ܵЩɣл֧֣


 078 ս(1)
Ӣܼʼ̸£ղŵһĻƺѾˣҲ̸˵ҾѩҲȱĻҲղŵ£Ѿˣѧйӱ˵֪֪˲ܰսҶϼŻֻһЩǳǳ˽⣬ϰҲ֪úŰ˷ĸңһе£Ҫ˷ĲܹһôߣäĿ£ϼһߣǾһҪץסߴݺݴǾ޷ɴϰеġ
ѩӢܵĻȴһ̾ˣϰûشȻųԽţҲпܷ漣ġһֵȥˣǣԼһ׵Ůľ͸Լ𣬱ϾԼֻһȫλ֣˵ʱҪ԰£ǿˣֻǺѰԼġ
뵽ѩúȻеһίҲһŮˣΪԼƯֹͣҪܹڶʮһõѧmbaѧλǸ˱ȳҪöʱѪЩ׷й˻˶װһ۸ڶ˭ǲԴǣȴһż漸Сʱ˴ʶֻ˶ò˼飬ȫ췽ҹ̶һƫƫġ
ѩʱޣҲһ־ǿŮˣǿпסԼЦЦã˵ӢܣҲˣ˯ɡ
˵žȥȡһӣӢ˯£ȴ
ӢȻ֪ѩõ£ԸԼȻٶ˵ϻɵڴܿͳ˯ȥ
ڶ죬ѩñɿųӢȥӢܴÿһεĹ飬·ϣѩõܣ֤ڲڣҪ׼˾ˡ
Ӣû˵ʱǽԼܡȻǾҡҡͷѾʧˣô֤ЧôһΪǼٵ
ѩõϰ³ﻮôãôŪһżٵ֤ھǵصصй񣬴Сңĸ˫ûʲôݣ˭ȥ鶼ʲô㶪ʧҲûʲôϵһᾡ²ģˣȥ򳵣ϰԸֻҪϲʲôؿǷá
Ӣ֪ԼҲҪ͡šһ
ʱѩúȻܣ˵Ǵϰ嵽׻Ǯ
ӢܶϰҲеǳأѶ˵ضдϰĲҵѪֻµķֲ֮һʵֻδϼ֮£⵹ѩ𣬾͵ٰɡ
˵Ż͵Ӣܴãɴǵͣ˵ݣѩΰȴʮ˲㡣
ʮ˲㣬Ӣܸѩþ͵һС뷽ѾˣǰһҺĻ
Ӣܣ뷽æѾõ˴ϰķԸӢܽӵоԵȨ˭Υ˼
ӢҲ˵ʲô׻˵ͷһĵģϼĿǰĴ˵һ¡
ļӢܰ͸һȻ۷ɱжʱһͷǣҾ͸ܽһ¡
һ˵ţһ߰ңش˵ӣʱϼŸӹ˾ͼ
ĵĿǰϼһʮӹ˾йΪ֧
һңصйڸصĵһߵйĿǰйռҵλѾչŷձ޾ôӪ״ǳ
˵ֿʼӰĻý˾Ӱ񣬵ϼŵĵڶ֧ҵйӰƱߵĴƬ˾ľռɣҵһߵĺҲ˾кԼڳƬƷƳϣ˾йҲ޿ġ
Ӣܶϼŵ֧ҵһ˽⣬˵ͷ˵˵ġ
ַųһЩӰȴһķװҵҵ֮⣬ϼɹľҪװҵҲ˹װ˾˾һлƵ鸾ȥֻԼӷۣչ÷ǳѸ٣ʼƷװйܴҾӪ÷ǳĳɹ˽죬ѾжʮƷװĴȨУõǳķװҵͬȻ˹װ˾ʵ̫󣬶ӪҲǳȫԹƷҪйչ˹װ˾ǵѡ
˹װ˾ֿʼϼĲҵȴǴʳƷӹʲôУֻԶûǰòҵɹ


 079 ս(2)
ĽһСʱңŵܣϼŴŵˣѾϣ
˵ž˺һϷӢܵǰ
ӢûȥϣùңأϼЩ˾Ļطš
ѩáɡ˼һĳҳȥš
һӢܲŷĵģΪһۣйеĻж󣿡
ĵܣǲҵ滰
Ӣܵ˵
ĵ㣬㣬һУۺʽ֮⣬ضΡģһǶߵǿѡ񵽵ﹺһǶԹӦ̵ǿϷĵĹ㣬ڣҪǵ볡ѶͷѵѣҼ۸Ҫͬҵе͡ǵضΣһõĳУûкõĵضΣͲдĹ˿ǰûй˿ǰƷȥͻӰ칩Ӧ̵ģ߶ϻ⽫һѭжĲĲģܣ˵ʵǲ߱һ
Ӣܵ˵ͷܺãģҾϣ˵ʵô㣬ǿʼҵأ
ҡҡͷҲҵҪˣһʲôûеĹ˾΢һǶȤǩԼģƳһЩˣȱ˵δܹ죬ǳˣڵľ˵пҲֻ꼻һ֣ܸ˾׬Ǯһһ㣬˾ܾ粣˵鸾֮һйȦѾ˶ʮˣӰ컹ֶζǳǾԲһֹ˾ܹ˾һƴ̵ģⲽ壬ųɾҲ塣
ʱҲ̲סˣģ㶼˵Щʲôȫǳ־Լ磬ô˵ǾʲôɲɣĹϰˡ
ǴϰţŲ´ȨҲЩ±սͲٶ˵
ӢƵѾжϳ˵ĸԣֶԴϰ֮ʿг嶯ȱǣ˲֮ΪıĿȻԲ˽ϼŵĵϸḻ֪Ϊ벻ΪԼµǿ
±˺һۣһֵģҾ˵úܺãȥ㿴ҵķװҵΣ
ļӢϬ۹µͷЩܣΪҵķװҵԿǿǡ
ӢܵŶ˵˵
ĵҵķװҵΪ飬һ˹Ʒװһû취֣ڶǴʮƷƣļҪԶԶĸԼķװǽ輦׬⣬һǣ˹˾ܾлѾһʧ٣ڽܾĽƽǸǳƽӹ޽ȡĵļһЩѾøҸеֻҲƴƴ֣ܹ֤ǵʽĸҲѾǳƳˣҲûпҪֹͣ˵ЩңûгɹĿԡ
Ӣ۹ʱһҹȻǺģҶ䲻ֻҪԼúãδزһᣬϼžһòĴҪһӼɽ֮򲻿ܵģõķֻǱʵ飬ĸһĸϣǲſȻأȥִȨͲҪǰڴͶʣȴԽ˻ҵķӦԼܹһá
뵽Ѿ¶˾ģµиʵӪԱûУ
̲˼ĵУϰⷽ˲ͺˣѾ˲١
Ӣһϲܺãѡʮҡ
ɵǵ˲Ŷֲȫأ϶ѣɣ֮һ֪ͨظϵܲ


 080 ս(3)
ӢźɵĻ˵ͷһŵķĵģϰûи㰲ʲôְλɣ
æǣϰ˵˺֮⣬һжҪ˵㣬ܣշʲôʲôָҾʹ
Ӣ΢΢һЦãҪҵرʡ
һʱʧΪƾԼľӢܹ˾ָո齨ôҲҪһܵû뵽ֻһرʣаգΪԲȻ¶ֻаֻҪõңʲôɡ
ӢʱȴֵУģرֱҹܣнˮȸŵܾһǸòãҲҵ㱨
һǾͱһ֮֮ϵĲˣнˮܾһǳԼ֮⣬̸߸ʵĵǣǾͶлˣһܰɴҵġ
ѩһֱĬĬӢܵ˵ȴǶԽԽֻһʮɱ֣һλȫǳ쵼ߣΪ˽ƻȨϼ̰£ճΪ󻼣֪ϼŵĻҵӢҪ£벻һȨܴ󣬵ʵֿʲôȨûеرʣȻнˮߣ㣬Ͼİ£ˣǡô֮
뵽ӢһۣԽоԽʹ࣬ԼлúܵͼŮӱе߰Ѿǵȥ
˸УȴӢֵãҪ£ЩӪӢȥһ˹װ˾ʲôĶ
ȵ뷽ĶӦˣӢѩõС㣬ǳ칫˾һҪҪץʱ
ѩ࣬˲ɵһѹУæͷǣһܿá
Ӣ֪ܲԼĿȻڹȥĴɱ֮ж԰¶´ָѾϰˣʲôرĵط͵һͷУĻͿҷͷȥԼ£֪ͨҡ
ȵ뷽ľ͸˴ǳȥӢܾϸķϼϸϣȻڶʱ֮ڶԼĶҪһ꾡˽⣬Ǹûлֵġ
ѩܣһ𣿡
ӢܾѩöԼЩη壬뵽ղԼ˵ĿƺǿӲλĹһЦѩãѾûˣӦýʲô
ѩý΢΢һӢܡ
ӢܵͶˣʲô𣿡
ѩõܣ˾ϾҪֻҪһˣϰԸҪȥͷ»йǹ˾ĴҲǹ¡
ӢԼһͷĳ֪ҪŹ˾ܲӿǲɣ͵˵ͷðɣǴȥҶԴʲô·Щ²죬Ҳı
ѩõû⣬Ӣܣ߰ɡ
ӢܣȻеȽˡܡҪ׽ЩŮһĲɹʱЩ˷ܡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷЩУ׼رȥȴֻˣͳһƣȴҶٻġ
ӢܸһͨҶٻͨˣããӢܣ㻹ûʧ١
Ӣһϲ֮У΢Цôʧ٣ˣǷǮǶ
Ҷٻٷϻ㣬ʲôط
ӢܵŶһλ뿪˾׼Ұæ
Ҷٻʱ˵ģǾ̫ˣûȥɵϹ죬иҲãιҪҪ̫ãûʲôľ飬нˮþˣҪ治ɻǮ
ӢܵнˮôҲ֪ɡ
ҶٻûпգԷף
Ӣܵ첻գܳ𣿡
绰ﴫҶٻһЦ£ˣҺ͹ʦͦģһֻ۱һֻ۾УҸԷ
ӢܵǺãҵ绰ҵԱѵ㣬Ѹһ
Ҷٻֽѻ湻гȻˣʡҴʿƷѣˣҪѵһ绰
˵ž͹Ҷˡ


 081 ܲõͷ(1)
ܾҶٻ˵ĻѩһֱĬĬţһܣ־ԼӦǿѹŬ¶һŵЦƽôǰʱ佻Ůѣ
ӢܵŮѵŮѣֿԺȾġ
ѩҲҶٻĻƺûʲôĵطĪһɣ̲סƯ𣿡
Ӣ֪ܲŮӵҲʳǵƯӦ˵ǳƯر˫۾ִԲǳ
ѩҧҧ촽Ŷ޵Ĺһ˲ҵʶʶ
Ӣܵ˲𵹲һȷǸù
ѩõ˵Ҫ𣬲һȥ
ӢҡҡͷˣǼ滹Ǹɣһл
ѩüӢܲԸ⣬Ȼǿ󣬱ЦǺãһΪӢܣھȥɡ
˵žҪȥӢеǵϡ
Ӣܵãⶫصúܣ̫ˡ
԰վ˳ȥ
ѩʱѾоȵԸֻǽ˽µķʽֵúж׽֣㣬æĺ档
˺ܿͳӢܴãѩÿӢܵһطͣ¡
Ӣ³ȴЩ죬֮ѵ֮ǰԼҶٻġ
һҾ¥Թ緹ѩþʹӢܵǰһҸߵң˸һȥӭкѩõķʦӢơ
һһ߸ӷʦѩָӢܵƣסҪһ˾ܡ
Ǹ߸ӷʦӢһ£ãû⣬С㣬鷳һҪ˶ѾͻҪж죬ֻͷͦģǿϧˡ
ѩ˵ӢԼѣһ죬Ҳûзϣ˵ͷԱߵɳһ־ϵɬ
ǷʦӢͷŪѩһ־շ꣬ãС㣬󹦸ɣô
ѩæȥȴӢѾԼվͷѾļ̣ͿЩ΢΢ţȻԵǳׯأټӢܱͳ˸ͺѲµʵ͡
ѩϸĿţǳ⣬Ƿʦ䣬͸ǮӢ˳ȥһֱû˵Ӣܣôأ
Ӣͷ̾һҵͷ˺ܾˣںȻ̣滹ϰߡ
ѩЦҲµĿʼˣȥʲôģݿɲһҪ˶ãϣбֽ־һӰӲܴ˾񰡣ҿ˧
ӢܵŶôҼȷǸǳӢĴ˧磬˵ŮӶ
ѩӢܣòǲͬģȻξһЩȲôʵͬŮϲҲǲͬġ
ӢܼĿ΢΢һܿѹסЦôҺڵϱȱŮԵҲͶƱ
ѩû뵽ȻĬ̲סЦȻԼǺ˽ˣϾ̫߱ˡ
߳˷ңӢܵȥ
ѩò˼ĵȥйУȥ򴩴ЬƷࡣ
Ӣȴһѩ˹һѡйУϼŵһ֧ȷǺѺ
¥װӢϴνӴǸŮѲӢܣӡﻹʶæЦкۼߵѩãȴһ˿ɫ޸ǲǳϴ·õСţȴֻһһЩɫŮӦҲǷ̲֮סӢܶ˼ۣȼݣжʱȻ
ͬǣѩøӢѡĶׯسװ֮࣬ȻƤƤЬȣѡĶϳˣƶأ۸ر𰺹ơ
ȵӢѩŴСķװӢѾǻȻһ£׻ɫװɫߵһ˫ɫƤЬˣȫһɹʿͷģǷ٣ʱٸעŮ˵ģЩٿɵСѾǵȤһ˵ĵطҵ
˺󱸳ѩñ㿪У˰Сʱң͵һҷǳĳУߵ͸ṹչ֮ڣͣһͷǳ泩


 082 ܲõͷ(2)
ѩôӢ˳ҡСǱʡĳˣص඼򵽣Ӣܣ㿴ϲ
˵Ѿ˴һƵ۳СӭС㣬ΪǷҪʲôĳ
ѩõʺĳʲô
۳Сһ۾ʱˣЩ˷ܵĵУУһ˹˹ӰǰŵĻ
ѩҲʼ۸һֵãȥ
۳С֪˴ЦЩˣϽ˳ת¥ݵ¥չչм䣬һɫԼõĽγ˺ܱܿȥ
۳СϽܵ˹˹ƷС㲻ҽˣӰڵһĻܸ12棬ɴ490ƥֻ5.5ٵ80չĿǰʮ֮һϼŵһӰһҪͷɲͳ⳵Ŀǰú٣йҲֻаĻѵð
ӢҲϲߣʻǲʲôģѩõ˵ͷ
ѩ۳С⳵Ǯ
۳СʱĶҪĳˣ60Ԫ
ѩõͷãҪˣ׼ȥɡ
۳Сû뵽˸ɴ࣬ûԾҪɿɹúˣŵ桭ģãС㣬ȥɡ
ʱȴӢƶǰһָȱæҲ
۳С˳ȥָһδԽҰæͨĺ沼ãv86.2ͻֶϵͳʹʽϵͳͳhmmwvǳУٺòˡ
˹˹ӰȻܲʺӢܵԸǺϲLʱֺӵһʱٴμʱһϲãһҲҪˡ
⺷ļ۸ҲʮԪң۳Сʵû뵽ƴ콵һЩǺˣȡС㣬ȸǸȫǸȫĻ˾ܹЩۿۡ
ӢҲ֪ѩܸܲôǮȥȴѩúܸɴһͷû⣬ȥɣУϰѳá
۳СæĴӦţȥӢܾڴţѩȥ
˰СʱңͼѩùӢܣѾˣôȿ˹˹ȥ硣
Ӣ̧˿ʿʱѽ㣬ԼȥҶٻˣ˽˹˹رҪȥһλѡ
ѩöʱҲЩܣǱ΢Цðɣ˰ѳӿȥ㿪ߣѾͣˣˣſϡ
˵žȡһÿ
Ӣܵ˵ͷӹÿ˳ȥֻȻ棬һе˾
ӢߵǺԣ˾˻֣˾Ӣȥ
źӢܾӰĻý˾ԱѵضȥȻûȥλû֪ġ
·͵ѵ⣬Ӣͳֻ͸Ҷٻ˸绰ҶٻӢܣ㵽ûУ
Ӣܵ棬뵽ûУ
Ҷٻˣˣǲǿ˳ģ
Ӣܡšһ
ҶٻǺãһλһ棬вУ
ӢܵʲôеģǸϿɡ
ҶٻӦһ۶˵绰
Լ˶ʮңͼŻɫзҶٻͺСŮӯӯĴѵصĴ˳
Ӣܿ˿Ůӣһ˴ź£һ˴Ű£ͨͨڼŮ磬ഺòʶֿͦ˶࿴۵ֻͣǱҶٻȴֲЩ
Ӣʱ˳ȥҶٻ֡
ҶٻѾӢܣЦС˹ȿ˿Ӣܵĳִģϲ¶ʧ֮ɫӢܣ⳵ѿþͺࡣ
ʱȴһ磬ÿᣬҶٻѻò
˵ȴµŮӡ
ҶٻԳƷʶ٣Ůһ˵֪ӢûԼ˵ӢԼѣҲûзϣһֻĸо


 083 鶯(1)
ʱһһ׵ŮѾӢܣжĽĹâǺŮιҶٻǲ˼һôǮôѣҲǽܣô½͡
ǰŮҲЦŵһǣһǣֲҶٻԱô˧׷Ҳһ±ˣ׺Ϊˮȴɽơ
˵ţЦ
Ҷٻʱ˸ͨ죬ϸһӢܣͷˣװģƤЬһ֪ʵؼõƣȫһϰͷʿûиգҪĿ࿴ˣֻǲöʣָӢܵӢܣҵѣǿɱ˵
˵ָźŮǸȡ
ȻָŰŮ촺㣬һĺýá
ӢܱЦǵ˵ͷ
Ҷٻ㻹ҪǣѣСȥ
ҶٻʵǲϵģֻӢЦԼĻֵúãֻҪӢϲֻǡ
ӢܼЩŮӸͦ󷽿ʣǵְҵйأЦЦˣϳɣԷ͡
Ȼȥ¥ˣܿģȥĵطʵ̫Σҳ극ǻԿ䳪ˬһ¡
촺ҲһԸš
ǸƵȫʡ߼ľƵ꣬ƽѱһľ¥Ҫ߱ϣҶٻһоЩţӢ˵ǰ£Ҳѵģģڴûжٵ֪촺ҲûȥôߵĵطܣҪԽΧ
˭֪Ļû˵óŵӢνĵû⣬Ҫʲôʲôֻ˵ǡ
ӢܴӦ촺ʱһ򿪳˽ȥλȻҪҶٻˡ
ҶٻˣݺݵӢһۣĵӣСõһµнˮˣȥʣߣ治ô̰Ĺ
ӢܲͣЦһЦ˳
򱱳ǶУڳﴩһСʱɫѾˣŵǸƵ꣬ȻûӢܴôΰɣҲʮߣװξĲʵңҹԡ
촺ѾӢ϶ΪǮĴϰˣȻõòᣬϲרĵ㣬ҶٻǺʹ
Ӣв£ҳһ󣬾͵ˣǽ˾ҲмˣԹ˾ʲô
ôһ˵Ͼ¶Թ֮ɫʲôҾù˾ͦҵģȫΨףʲôĺûᣬ׽ˣûйϵƨͺѳͷ죬һӾŮŵĽɫǰŸҶٻģ˽أҶٻƯŬģ˭Ҳû˵Ǹһȸߣ۾СȧǸߣȴҪȥһŮ붼ģ治֪ô
촺Ҳɲôصĸǹ˾ŵľֵܣһԺȣЩŮԱ⣬ĺ£ȻҪˡ
ҶٻҲЩȻҲû취£˭йĵӵӰأûˣȻǻῴġ
ߣҿŪȥÿĵӵӰԽԽ٣ҶȥĴƬи貿Щˣǹ˾صģһûۡ
ҶٻЦŴһµԼ۹ߣ߲г㲻֪ʲôг˵ǻô
ŮӶʱЦ״ԹԹҲûʲô취
Ӣһ˵ǵܾǸǳǳֹ˾гŮ𣿡
ǸõϢ࣬µҲ˵ܺǺü֮ǰˣһֱãں¶棬ȥ˺ü¶ûµĸѧգȻţ˵һͷɫǣöŮԱŮǶйϵ
ӢĬĬ˼ţȴһܣ˵ӰĻý˾ҲǼ᲻ƵģֻҪЩȻҵʵķδزֻܻĿǰҪȫȶԸ˹װ˾»Ҫѩáĵϸӳ飬̰ð˵˹װ˾һˣĿǰΨһҪɱĿꡣ


 084 鶯(2)
극ӢȻҶٻʣͳÿС㣬Ȼ˵ģ˵ݣ˾Ƶktv䳪衣
˰䣬ӢܲᳪҲϲ裬ŮȥţţԼȴҪһƿƶԺš
촺һֱڲչɫѾоҶٻƺû˵ٻӢܲѣŮӵĶͬʱˣӢܶԼͬľҶٻһһҵӢܵߣžȭͬʱǵĶ
Ҷٻ֪λѵ⣬ƺǮҳ̨ܹͣȥȻŹ
һ߳Ÿ裬һԶԶĽ˵ӢܲûйȥôĬˣ촺÷ǳ𾢣ŮӢҲԽԽҪͶͱˣвɵֻùȥŻͲһ񳪣ʵڴʧƽʱˮ׼
һֱ浽˰ҹӢܲŮȥʱҶٻЩƲ֣ʵôҶٻǲǻû湻
Ҷٻ֪Լ£һ۶ûУͦ˵ģֻҳ質ˡ
Ӣ뵽һȷ˺üСʱҲ£˵ͷ±㲻ʡ
ûã͵˾ѵ֮⣬Ů˳ҶٻŮӶδιӢܣһͦĵģʲôʱԼһԼ
촺ҲǰþûôˣӢܣǶˣʡزĺÿһҪϵ
ӢӦԵЦŵ˵ͷȻҶٻˣʲôҴ绰
Ҷٻٴ촺۾æͷã߰ɣһ绰ġ
Ӣ˳һ;ȥ
Ҷٻ촺Ӣǳȥķж¶֮ɫһҷҧҧ촽ιգ˾ô˧ѵˣƽʱ׷ǵҲһǿõ⸶𡣡
촺˾˾ЩСȵӢֳַȤֿᣬһǮ
ҶٻȻЦȤҪЦˣʶҲˣǿֳӲʯͷǮô
˵Ҫ˵ӢֻƤⶪԼͣס˵ˡ
ԣһתȻҶٻǣҶٻҪ˵ǲѣһΣӢܵǲѣ
ҶٻûĵǸ˵ֻҵͨѣѡ
ʱЦűһµǺãҾҪ׷Ӣܣ㲻ᷴ԰ɣ
촺ȴ̾ҷԣҪ㾺
Ц֪СӴҲˣþ;˭˭
Ҷٻ˵ĻȴһĪĿֻţˣı£촺崿ˣһһ˶Լ˶٣ҪӢܿҲˣ߻ûŮˣɫ㲻Ҫ˶þͻᱻݣôԼ
ʱӢܵò㸡ҶٻǰˣòɽܰܿаȫУȻڰˣӦûûԣаҵһһл֮ȥľϺͿ£Ȼ˵ԼǸִŮԣһεᣬϾЩʲôڲܹͬϵЩԼһԣôһϲԼѣǲҲͦô
һˣҶٻλڻеһۣȴǰЦΣԼоԵİǸˣһŮι˵ʮҪɲǰѧģҿԿ϶ǣӢǸɵˣԼֻҪʩͻΪȹ֮ˡ
뵽ҶٻλҲЦΣӢܻ˭ѣǶҪġ
촺㵱Ȼ֪Լ˵оѾҶٻĶ־ŵЦŷģ˭׷ӢܣһǺýá
ڴҶϼôĽֻͣ˵Ǵҵѣҵѣϼܲʧ٣ٵҴҽӰ࣬ҪôӴļţʵںѣ֪ʷһһأҲȨĽˡ


 085 ֮(1)
Ӣܼݳص˱ңȴѩûû˯ڴͷϿ顣
ѩüæȥ˯ڿ㣬ǿƽĵӢܣ˲پưɣôλúܿġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷԼλѳͦʵģҶʶʶ
˵ž˯ڿ㵽ԡȥˡ
ȵϴϴȴѩòûñԼȻһߣĿȻȲջҲܣӢȻѹԼҪײһɫǣ֪ѩ˴ȻûлָҲȥ˱ѣһͳ˯ȥˡ
˵ڶ죬е˻ûеӢܾﶼûȥڱϸĿŷĸԼϼϸϣѩþͳȥʼӢܹ˾
˹죬˵ڶϣӢܾͽӵ˺ɴĵ绰˵ҪʮӪӢѾȫˣᵽ˾Сҵָʾ
һ磬Ӣѩþ˴ù׼õͣͼݳӢܴøȥȴǼʻ˹˹Ӱһ·ϲ֪˶˾ĽĿ⡣
һ󣬾͵ӢܴãӢѩõʮһСҡ
һСҵţͼ˺뷽֮⣬滹վʮװӣӶʮ굽ʮ겻ȡ
ӢܽɱʮӵţӢܼŵܲӢܣǸϿ񡣡
ʮæľϹܲúá
ӢܶڹµǼϵģֻ˵ͷšһ˻ϷȻ뷽ĸҶѩþں֮ˡ
ɶӢܽܵܣʮѧĶӪרҵµҲǲͬӪȥũƶѧǴϰõǮǣһǵļͥǶԴϰ嶼жµġ
ӢľҲЩЩƣͷãǶҽһ¡
ʮ˾οʼҽܣȴǶŽݡ¡ǿ֡Ρ캣׺ơʤסˡѧڡľʮˣҴӪרҵ֮󣬸ڻʳƷĻþߡ͵ȲͬҵӪҶѾǸŵĸˣһнʤ׵Ӣܵע⣬Ѿʮ꣬ЩұѾǹĳͷװ˾۾ȷǳӢҪҵ
ʱҲĴչӢܵܣҪװҿʤѡͽ帺ɡ
ӢˣȴûʲôӦЩ˶һȦѾ֪ˣ˾ϾҪǵһĹпܾƷƷװһǣǽӵһܳƷƣҪô
⻰һµЩӪӢʱ㼺˵ʵڵĵȻǽʤףƷƵǰг鵽ڵķ˵ͷͷǵ꾡ޱȣǷҲͷӢܷܵḻǳ
ӢȴһĬû¶֮ɫĩβһʲôû˵ȴڷЦǵ˽ľ壬Щ˵ģûмĹ飬ľ壬˵˵ôġ
Ƕľû뵽ܲü侹Ȼ˺ãһھͽгԼ֣վͷ˼һ󣬵ܣ㣬˾׷󣬻׷󡣡
Ӣ˵һ仰оһϲɫͻ׷Σ׷Σ
ľ尺ͷͦص׷ôܰսʤ˵Ͱ࣬ȴõƷ֮Ѹٷչֻ̣ʽǣκεķա
Ӣܵͷ˵˵ô׷󣿡
ľȻԳһַâ¶٩٩̸ܣҲ֪֪֪ĿǰйӪͣ4p׶Ρ
ʱӢԱߵܣľѧʶǲΪ˿ÿ̸Ļ̫ϡ
ӢûлشԶľȴһȤʵӵŶʲô4p
ľ4pǲƷproduct۸priceplaceʹpromotionһҵó˾ΪֻҪΧĵƶӪϣƷƹ۾˱֤ǣֻһִͳģ˼ȡ뷨ǹҵľѾõ˷չѸԻĻͻӦ4c4p
Ӣܵ˵ͷãľ壬ԼĹȫ˵
ľ4ccustomer˿͡costɱconveniencecommunicationͨӪṹԻʱͱ˵ĹΪ£ΪϵĵЩơ
Ӣһ4c빫˾εжʲôϵ𣿡
ľȻУܣ֪ĿǰйĴ͹˾ڴͳ4pӪ֮УҲƳƷ֮ʱԷ̵̡Ʋ㲼֣ĺôڣʽܿĻգԼҲЩ鷳ı׶ڣ߹ļ۸빫˾õܴ󣬶ʽҲпܻᱻЩ̳ԵҪһǣʱ任ϲúѼʱķϢ˾ܲľߣҽ飬кõƷƣԼѷ񣬴Լ˾רӪ棬̵һ£ֻͶʻܴҪֻܶ࣬ҲЧ棬úˣһۼԴԴϵ֮⣬Ź˾зǳĺô
ӢܶйʷȻ΢Ц˼˵ڹڵͣݣõİ취뼯ȨֱӲϽ
ľͷ˼
ӢҲÿɷöľȴŽʤ׵ʤףΪľ˵ôȫԷ
ʤױվΪľ뷨ǲģʵʲȴѣйô࣬ҪѰҵʵĵ棬ȻװǷǳ鷳ģһǣеķװȻδҪȫƷƣȻҪһƷǰڵúãһЩƷƼ۸ҲߣǿɹֻۣйĿǰⳬһƷƾ󲿷ֶϼУǲֵģܣˡֱԣѣ̫ˡ
ӢܡšһһֵˣǵҶ֪ˣǿԺúϢһ£񣬶ˣס
ɵʱסӢܴ
ӢܵͷҲã﷿ʵڿյ̫࣬ܲ˷ѾͲҪ˷ѣȸǷһǮú죬µҵ֪ͨ
ǮãʮӪӢ¶Ц⡣
ӢܼˣҲò̫ˣ⼸ϢһǵĵӾͽǳˡ
ʮӪӢ˼׼ȫͷʾʱ
ȵЩ˳ȥӢܻһºɼ˵ղŽʤľĻǶˣʲô뷨


 086 ֮(2)
ӢԼһΪʤ˵ÿɿЩǸľʢһǸ̸ֻֽ֪
ĳľĻûеһҪȥȷǴڷյġ
Ӣû˵ֻѩõС㣬أ
ѩúȻ¶һЦܣʵѾˣαң֧ġ
ӢܰȻԼ˼ãҾ;Ӫ£öľ帺𣬽ʤ˾ḻľĸֲ֣Ĳ㡣
æܣҪ˼
Ӣһֵò˼ˣΨһһ·ϸ룬Ҫɴϰ񣬻ϼţϼŲȱǮȱ˲ţҪʤûʲôܣֻñǸӱЧӪ߹ʤ֮ûмǴйġ躡˵֪ս֮ߣУܷƣ棬ң䡯ϼŵǾûϣȵģֻʤ䣬ռ̻ˣ鷳ҲҪãľңһߺˣÿһжӪ飬ʲôƷҪʲôǻ᲻ڵһʱ֪ǹ˾˵һ¿˵ǹϵĴ
˭Ҳû뵽ƿҰӢܻ˵ˮ׼Ļɲȴοȴѽܣĳ۲ʶ̩ɽ벻̽ôõĹôһмʶܣͶء
ѩӢܣԽԽǱŵģʵڲ֪жԼ֪ʣֲôϰ˵һǳˣԼľĸܳΪԼĵһˣԼӦýǡ
΢죬ҲʼЩ˼룬ȴӢܺƽʷĵʣҪôˣ˹װ˾ʲôĶ𣿡
æУ㱨
Ӣܵ˵˵
ĵܣ֪ûпҸЩϣ˹װ˾ĿǰĺӢװ˾
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˾кü缶ƷƷװ˹˾ķװڵŷҲͨ˾֮ĹϵǳС
ĵ˾˵˹˾ĵһ񣬲ǹȥĺͬЧѾˣ˾ĸܲɭܵй˹˾ǩͬʱԳϯǩʽ
ˣʱ¶Цݵðǿ԰ɭͨϼǩЩҵӢܹ˾
ҡͷϲܣɭȻҲԼ˾ĲƷйҵڹĳϷԹԣ˾ܲĸףҲǹ˾Ψһ̳ˣڵʵ̽ûп˾й۶Цġ
һҲǣ϶ʱ־ɥ
ӢһֱޱţģûУɭʲôʱ
ĵģһܡ
Ӣܵܲϵɭޣ̸̸
ҡͷЦɭǸ͵Ļӣû֪ǸŮ˼ֻܹϵ
ӢܳĬһ󣬵ɣһ¾ȥľΪ˾ӪһʤΪǰնľ˼·֮һ꾡еıңҪɡ
ɵ˵ͷãһᰲŵġ
ӢѩõС㣬ʲôʱܹ
ѩõʵû֮ǰѾһЩˣҪȫ꣬ȥ취֮û⡣
ӢܵǺãٵЩǽ漸¥ܵĲһЩ˾׼һʽҵЩ໨ЩǮڵӱֽ棬סҪƴۣŪԽԽá
һ㶵һ֮ڿţܣ᲻̫æˣھǻǮȥ棬ڹ˾ҵǰӰҲܴ󰡡
Ӣܵû취ˣ˾һҪǸɭ֮ǰ¯ǻһЩᡣ
Ҳ֪˾˹˾ٴǩͬʮޣĿǰӢҪӷװ֣ãΨһĻˣ˵ͷ˵ȻЩӢԼֻǸ֣ܴϰĽܲɣԺԱաӢܲͬеĵӻ϶ѹһ˵ϣ˵ǲɵģӢȻҲһҪ˶þҪϰȻǲ


 087 ҵ(1)
Ҳ֪ƴ۵ĻǮڣǵصĹaʡȫĸýϲţȻûЧaʡӢܼŵܿʹˣϾǴΰӢܴýѾã˴ҵĹע֪ｫӢܼŵܲȻҪе棬ӢܴѾסϼŵõķͷ˭ôʵaʡŪôģļŹ˾ܲ˭˾־ӪʲôҵһжѸٵڽͷβ칫ʿϴš
ʱɴȫֵһЩ˲ŹЩȻûѧӪҲصľ飬һĶǴϰƶѧÿһ˶ԵöĹ˾ĹϣԼһر˾رϰ塣
⼸ӢһֱڿŸָй˾ɭ޵ϣ˼żһսӵ˺üҶٻĵ绰ҪԼй䣬ӢܱԼ¾ܾˣҶٻҲףҲûзƢúðѰ£ϧݹǸ죬ܱȹȥǿˡ
ҵľˣӢܱ㽻ȥ죬̽綼ˣһȥȻһЩ䳡档
˵죬ɭйʱ仹ʣ죬ӢóŹ˾Ҫʽҵˡ
һ磬Ӣܴ֮Ѿ˸˾ԼףĲɫõҲһĴͻֺ½½￪ӳĶЩ¹ڳͷʿ
ʽھŵеģĵĹϵǲȻ뵽˱ʡܾõʡǰ
ʽ֮ǰȻҪʡʡЩˮƽͷͷǵ³ӢܼŴӹֻҲŪǵҪЩʲô⣬˵ЩĻȥ
Ӣܳˣ촩һɫװɫƤЬѩþѡġ
뺷ᣬԵóصӢһʱļ̨˵Ŀ⣬û뵽ӵôģܲӢܼŵܲûֻжʮ꣬䣬˵ƺ̫ˣΪʲôӵʲȫʡȫ̽ʲôһжڳ˸еȤҶڽͷӶš
ӢܵĽǳļֻ̣˵Щɹգ֮ĻԹ˾һֻδᣬ̨˵Ŀ飬֪ӢܼžԼһʼһ̨ԽأҾԽȤ˽⣬ǰݷãֻһտǵӢܼ˵κһǢ̸ζŻᡣ
껰ʡӢܹͬʣͶϴҶٻȥǼʡߵĸƵ꣬ԼеѶӢܼ򵥣Ĵֱʣе˼ԱӢҲ࿴Ѿע⵽˴ͳһɫװӢܼԱѵأ˴ǲòмӣӢܼźпܲʲôµĹ˾ʲôŵ¼ܹ
ڼʽӢʡ׼̨ƵʱȴֿӢۼ⣬ϵмһ˹˹Ӱһǵϴ۳С˵һĳвһ÷ĸ˵ͶһĿû뵽Ȼ˹
ͣʮˣǰĹȻǿ㡢Ӣ֪ԼõıҶ󻪣ȻΪ죬һЦʡ̨ȥ
ҴʱaʡѾȫ̽䣬˶ٶϼЩҵϵϵ׷ЦкȻȻóһ·
ûЩˣʵһλܲã
ľȺУæܣû뵽ϴݹ٣Ҹܽܡ
˾ĸ߲жʱ¶֮ɫģ벻ôҵˣҪúøɣǧҪصޡ
ᣬһһ󣬿ɶϰ岻˿ĲЩεЦЦܣһǸһܰɡ
˵žʹӢܵķȥ
ȼʡЦŴкʡǷǳϤˣȡ
ļӢվʡ󣬱Լ˸˵ܣϼŵܾˣʶʶ
Ӣʱع΢΢һЦܣһһᡣ
תͷʱǰߴˣʱһ㶣о˺⣬Ҷ󻪡
ӢܵͷйǸ֡
һ˸Ҳ֪ʲôһߵǰЦܣ벻ЦЦݣȻվţõڡ㵽ʲô˼
ӢһЦܼ򵥣Ҿϼкܶҿѧϰĵط飬ڣֻǾúͶԵҽѰˡ
ͷܺãܺãܣһΪǸԴǵˣ벻ķӦڲŶ˵
ӢܵվһԵ̫׾ʵ񡣡
ȻսӢܣѹԵģţҪΪҿӦǳϼģʲôҶ㵽ףҪǸҴõ⣬һڵġ
ӢһƽӹⴱѹõӢܴãȻܹµ֣зȵһЦм̨ӰʦȻһ§סžͷһĶͷ˻֡
аǰԼҲµ΢ЦӢ̸úܿĵӡ
һ㣬ŷֿӢܶԵģϸţʲôˣ̨жӲֻҪй̽ҾҪ㴦ڣʲôҲɣһңһῼǸһЩġ
ӢʲôҲû˵ֻǶһЦܣҲϸţûʲôȫԵģֻĵϣϼŲҪ
˵ͷӢһƵתȥȥ
ôһߣ̾ڴļ߶вɷãѰ³ӢܼŵĿͺȻ˵ೡϵĻž˳ﳾȥ
Ӣǳȥķȴûֹͣ˼ҪϼţͱϸоˣԸİãڿɿ϶ǣǸˣһʤˣˣһץסģҪԼɱѵ侲Ըˣǿģǡ


 088 ҵ(2)
һӢܳ˾Եǣ˶̸ҪʳӢܼŵľҵʲôʲôԺĵطûУӢؿƿֻǺĴ۶ȴ˾ʱдľٶʱ֪ͨҵġ
ʱӢҲʶѩãƽʱмְĳϣѩѾȫһˣԵ÷ǳĻԾ̸ŷǳǿĽһͻ˸ȥ˵һ˵˶Ͼ̽ĿǰûС
ӢĬĬȴ⣬Լкγһȫǲϰֵĳϣֲò¶Ц˵Ļϰ˵ҪѧԲ£ǲᣬǾ̫ˡ
ֱӽҹеĿ˲ŽɢȥӢܾѩûص˱
ȵң˼ǲԼͬһɵ˴ϣȻһ
뵽ͬʱг˶һۣ׶Է飬ʱ̲סͬʱЦ
һЦ㽫˵ĸ࣬Ӣܵѩãˣȥϴ裬ҲúúϢϢ
ѩõӢܣȥǣӦҶ࣬Ҹۡ
ӢһЦǵ˵Ӧֻ꣬㲻٣Ҳɡ
ѩȻָ֪ʲôѩ׵϶ʱЩ˭ûмңĺᣬƤҲ񣬸Щ˾ܡ
ӢҡͷѩãֻЩ˾̫ܿˣҽУ֮˶ûʲôʣֻץסĳЩڵĵλϾǲҪʲôѧģҵΪЩܲŻɹƤȻôӶȻҲСʱҪðյġ
ѩþţ˵ͷӢܣͲ󣬵׵²١
ӢһЦҹȥʲôģ׵öһ˼òһͱһѰ׹ˣҲԶʶҡ
ѩȻ֪ӢǸɱ֣Ĳ˽֪ܶ࣬֯˵һʵ̫ˣʱƺӢܣȥɱ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷһЩ
ѩõ²£ѵûһᱻɱ𣿡
Ӣܵ£˭˵ԼǶǼٵģÿһжҶжͻ䣬˺ҰǹĻᡣ
ѩöʱˣͷͽ֮ضǲǣ
ӢܵҪţҾͱȱöһж֮ǰҪֵı仯ȫ㵽Ҫ侲һĳ嶯äĿ
ѩúȻһֲ̾ôϰ޷ɵĴ£Ҳֻľܴϼţֻʱĳ̶ӡ
Ӣܴܵܲϼ˵֪һ仰־¾ɣϼżȻܹҲȻٻ𣬾ɱһƣ룬ʧȥܵȻҵʵʱʵĵص㣬һǹ
ѩü˵⻰ʱָֻ֮ɫЩ£ԺˣˣԶղͰףҲ֪жá
ӢԼҲȥˣĴߴѩȥϴ裬ѩþ˻ϴѽȥˣϴöȻǳϸ˰СʱųƮݣѾһɫ˯ۡ
ӢܵҲһ̿ȥˣٶȴѩò֪˶٣ûþ˳
˴ϣӢܶʱŵһ֪֮ѩϵˮζ̲סȥȴѩôʱ΢ۣԼ߲ӣǺڹɼĳס˯ЩգԼһ֬ǳ鹵
ӢǸˣѾѩ÷˹ϵǰûжΪҹδڹѾָòˣ˵˶ǰĵƹֱѩõðˣﻹ˯
ӢܺﶯһȻһѩõѩãѩã˯𣿡
ѩû˯ţû˯ţˮҲϵģһֱڵȴţֺߵĵȴţȻηֱʹֿռԼԼΪһָоԽԽԸΪŮˣܽʲôĽѾȷţֵԼȥȥԹ޻ĬĬֵ֧ġ
ȻﲻٿӢܣŮ˵ȴҰָо¶ӢܵĻġšһӢܣʲô𣿡
Ӣܻʲô£ֻѩã˯ţ㡭ġ
ѩβ֪⡰ġʲô˼Ͻ˺ϼ˵ͷȴû˵ֻ΢΢ֱ
Ӣܼѩ飬֪ѾˣǽΣΪЩţ⶯ӣҲͲסȥס
ܿͷѩյĲͬոսӴӣѾӭҺȻĽԼỬĶ֮һ𣬱ǻ﷢΢ģ
Ӣһѩţһ߽˯סǼͦ鷿Ĵš
µѩܹסĶһ֮͸ˣӲͣӢŤţϡϵĺ쳱ԽԽࡣ
Ӣȥѩõ˯ۣѩò̧֫ţܿ¶ѩһĳ
ӢܸŪһ󣬳ȥԼ˯ۣϣѩȻȫȥ§׳ʵļ粿ı˫
ȻխеģѩѾ飬Ҫõö࣬ӢĳʱҲЩ鲻Խ΢΢ӭϣѾʼǳŮ֮Ȥ
ɢ֮ѩòûϴһൽһȥǺ˳˵ĻУִĸо
Ӣܸѩù⻬еԵıȴһ̾Ůˣ治ôţֻһʱúöɡ
һҹӢѩþĶӵ˯
***********************************************************ڶ죬Ӣѩþ͵Ӣܴ50ܲð칫ңһݣңְλһʮŮС㣬ģ㲻ƯҲǴϰǮģ͹˾عǳܸɶо顣
ٽȥѩõңӢܾһװξĴݡ
²ãϵߵ绰ˣֻСܣӪһľľ뽭ʤҪ㡣
Ӣ֪Լ涨óƻӣһϲǽ


 089 仯(1)
ӢܴʱѾе˲ԣӴɳվٵˣǻȥ˵
ʱӢܻеֻȴˣһʹŪιϢͦͨģ֪ɭҪôҼҵķװȤһʵ̫ˣϼô򵥣ҲᷢչĵزܣȰİɣ˵ĻϹңҾͻῼǸһЩģϾ˾ϲϼ˵ǷǳҪ£ǾͲͬˣҵһ鼱ڵõķⰡܣʱʱ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ӢĬĬķ˵绰ûжŭ˵һҲûжŭΪ֪绰ĿľҪŭԼ˵͵͵ʲôطԼ¼ȷܵ͹Բһ׿սʤĶ֡
׷ڣҪĸ뵽˴ɼ
ѩò֪Ӣܴ˵绰ܣǸô죬ѵˡ
Ӣ¶һ˿Ц˭˵һֻҪɭ޻ûкϼǩԼǾͻлᡣ
˵ֶԷĵģѾɭ޵ĵطȥˣ϶еĹϵǩԼʲôطǻһǮҲز鵽
ҪæǣܣģĳϵеģСʱСʱ֮Ҹһ
ӢܵţڵһʱҴ绰
ĵͷУСʱұ֤鵽ܣϼźȻһ֣ƺǵͼЩ˰
Ӣܵò㵣ģȥ¡
ıӦһҴҵ߳˸Ƶĵ¥
뿪ѩõӢܣȻرɡ
ӢȴЦҡҡͷæѩãóˣʲô㡣
ѩЩżĵɭҲϼҪǩͬˣԵʲôӢܣֻĳƻҪƶˣǵȥôõĻᡣ
ӢȻһȻɫᣬʲôʱУҪܲܰסʼǣҲӦе£żʲôãȰѶŷĵϢ
ѩӢܣһô侲𣿡
ӢܵҴȥΪѾû취żΪһʧأͻ᷸ĴĴ£벻õķǰ顣
ѩһҲǣȻȻһЦӢܵѾ˾⣬Ӣܣǲȣʮͣʮ˼롣
ӢҲ΢΢һЦʲô
ѩ͡
Ӣܵͷʹѩ˾Ƶĵݣ¥ȥ
˲˸Լϲʳĳţѩ÷ӢܵĶȻǳţɣȫûһ浣£Ҫȥϼŵ⣬ͺñȻڰһȻܹҵģĿǰĿ֣ʵûбϣ
ͣӢܱ˿ȣȻѩ죬Щѧnba飬ѩȻشţȴŷô绰֪ɭܻһġ
ۿҪСʱӢеֻѩæӢܣӣô˵
ӢֻܽͨúܴæܣѾ鵽ˣѾɭް˲ôƵ꣬вϼŵˣҾ棬СϸϹɡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣܷµ绰ѩæӢܣǷĵİɣô˵
Ӣܵ˵Ѿɭް˲ôƵ꣬滹ǵˡ
ѩվôƵаСʱĳ̣Ӣܣǿȥɡ
ȻȴӢܾû˼ɵӢܣôˣڶ˵ʱǳ󰡡Ӣû˵ֻǾеĿĺһڣƺ˼ʲôһ󣬲ֻͨ˷ĵĵ绰ģûУɭ޵ǩԼʽʲôطʲôʱУ
ĵˣⲩôƵ¥Ĵʱʮ
Ӣܵã֪֪ҵı
ĵȥһΡ
Ӣܡšһģȥ¶˵


 090 仯(2)
ӢܵĻԵһ㶣ܣ㲻ô
ӢȻô࣬ǡ
˵žͷ˵绰
ѩþվԱߣʱҲЩĵӢܣʲôɭ޾ҪǩԼ˰ѵ׼
ӢʱվҲ̫ûбˣƲǣȥϼŵڣǼɭ޵ģҾǼˣ̸ҲʲôЧǲȤ̸ġ
ѩõô죬бķ𣿡
ӢܵͷҲУѩã㲻Ҫ̫֮࣬ǲô׸ɭǩԼġ
ѩӢܴȻûм׷ˣȴһƬ񼣬治֪ŵʲô⡣
¥Ϳųص˱ûһľˣӢԼ¥µ鷿ѩüûнԼȻҲȥ͵ͻصңȴôҲƽ
ԼһСʱ֮󣬷ľͳȥˣӢܻص¥ϵң˯ۣȥԡϴ裬ûþʪͷ˯˳
ѩһֱɳţ״æӢܣͷûиɣ㴵һ
Ӣҡҡͷãѩã㵯ĸͦģ絯һ
ѩȻΌܣ˸ԣٸǣʲôӣ
ӢܵФġdСǰ
ѩˣȴһǸŮˣҪ֪ФġdСǰһ׳ȵӣһ׿Լ˶־ӣӢҪӣǾ֤һһ׼ɵļƻƻڴܡ
ѩӢһۣûκε£㿪ʼѩ˳ָһǼʹָ⴫ӢܵĶУӢܱһ󣬾ߵ̨ĬĬԶ˾һӲĵһ
ѩõ٣㻺ߵ̨ϣӢܵ飬ǸеһĲһɽһˣźһأһʱԽԽܸо˵ڲͬĸŮˣˣҲֻ֮ܳУֳǵˣȥˡ
뵽ѩõĽѾӢܵĻȥɽԸһ仨һȥɽǿıԼе׺ΰ
ӢѾоѩõ˳밮ָ˸Ʈɢĳ
ʱѩֻһǾ§סӢܵͷţ˫գӣ΢΢⶯š
ӢܴȻ侲ȴһҰˣѩõӣһ§סѹ̨һû˿ԿĽ䣬׶촽ռš
ʱѩѾûκεĿˣǿҰԵļǣ˫۽§Ӣܵĺ󾱣ҲԼѾİڻԼĵһΨһˡ
Ӣһһѩõ˯ۣѩ׶ͦ˫ʱս˺֮УöССļѾӲֱ
ѩʶ˵һҪܣҪ
Ӣܴʱģ˳Ķ񾱡ͷһһ㡢һһĻȥͣССļϣѩôʱѾ̱ˣͷӢܵļϣؿȴһƬãȻ
Ȼ֮ʣӢһֻѾȥڿ㣬ȣվžͽˣѩȻ֪ףȻ޷ܣֻĬĬĳţģҲʽõ˿УǿﴭϢţӣҲѹֵ֮
֮УҲ֪Ӣʲôʱ˳ģѩȻıסһָ߳Ĳ
ֱӢܽѩñԡҴˮͷѹ뵽ղŵ龰ɬѵѾȫȻӢܣҲһԡʲôȻȥӢܵȴĬĬȫͿĨᡣ
һҹӵ˯˵ڶһ磬ӢѩúԼ¥ȥ㡣
ѩ̲סӢܣɭ޵£㵽״ô죿
ӢܵȥôƵֹ꣬ɭǩԼ
ѩһֹôֹӢܣɱɣ취ˡ
Ӣܵѩã಻ţɭ޽һҳǩԼ
ѩҡͷţɭԸ̸ҲԲϵġ
ӢܺȻһЦѩãûоԵ飬һжܴڱ仯Ҫʲôȥı
ѩӢܵӢܣѵѾҵˣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷпܣܹˣһҪһ
ѩõʲô㣿
Ӣѩãܿͻ֪ˣȥôƵǡ
ѩ֪Ӣְܲ˵󻰵ˣĻǳޱȵڴ棬ɵãɭ޷ǩԼҾ͡Ҿ͡
Ȼ뵽ԼһѾӢܣʵûʲôˣҾ͡ôһӾҲˡ
ӢֻΪڿЦЦЦա
ͣӢܸĴһ绰ȴҪŶľ뽭ʤڹ˾׼ãʱɭǰ
˵绰֮Ӣܻһ󣬲ſ˹˹Ӱѩô·ǲôƵȥ
˲ôƵֻ꣬оŵӣǩԼʱ仹һСʱôƵѾýڵŲɷˡ
ѩõӢܣǩԼʽֻһǲ׼ģôȥֹ
ӢЦѩã˹ȥʲôˣһȡ
˵ž˳ʮ֮󣬾ǰȴһŲɷ֤
ѩһ㶵㡭ôŪģ
Ӣܼܵ򵥣ŪһߣģµģСʱ֮ھ
ѩЦ٣㵹а취ǽȥˣѵǽǸɭ޴Σ𣿡
Ӣ̵Ҵľ⡣
ѩöʱһ㶣ܿܣЦһ£ȴԽԽ档
ûãͼʮγͣǰ棬һȺ˴ӳϴ΢Ц߶˹ȥʲôҲûлشֻǰţȻдƵı
ӢһѩõѩãߣǸøȥˡ
ѩ÷һжָӣ˵ͷͺ˳
˸һȺ¥ҵϵ£Ƶı䱸ҲϣֻŵӢܵĲɷ֤ȻѩýòŸţҲûȥ
ڼ߽˻ȴѾһʮ꣬໹㲻ϯ̨ϣɭˡ


 091 ǿǩԼ
ʱֻһλ˾ϼŵ˹˾Լʽǰڵĺ֮У˾Żݻԭ򣬽˺ܽܵĺϣ˫ȡ˾޴ĳɹϣԼ֮󣬴Ҹ㷺ļǿԻ͡
˵˻ɭ޽Ȼ˼䡣
˼˫ԣãǩԼʽʽʼ
ɭߵĹԱ˺ͬ
ѩæӢȥȴȻǰӢţɭͬ㻹ǩ
û뵽·ɱҧе˶ȥӰѾ׼
ӢܣɵһЦû˵ҪҪʲôС
ɭ޼һߴİվҪԼæǩԼҲǲ죬ʵ˭
ӢܲŲæĴӻͳһӢ˫Ƭݸ
ɭƣʱҡͷӢܣӢܼţû˵
Ӣ΢Цɭû˵ңû˵ҵĹ˾ǲҪҪҵĹ˾˾ľ޴棬ԶԶϼڸߵöࡣ
ĳʽһţ˵նһֲݻɵĸоȻɭ޵ȤŶ֪йķװ磬ûбϼŵ˹˾øãƾʲô˵Ļ
ӢһЦҳϣںܳһʱ˹˾йװҵõģӦǳͱ仯ģȥãԶãǹ˾һЩȽӪѾ꾡ʵʵӪƻԱ֤¿Ǻġ
ɭ޶ļƻ
ӢܵҵĹ˾ﻹרŵӪԱϸֹͣͣϼŵǩԼҵĹ˾ȥһ£˵һѡȥ֮󣬾ҽĴǷǳðҽĵǸʱϼǩԼ㲢κεʧ
ɭӢܣԵ˼Ļ˺ĻԼе˺棬˵һӦо԰յģҾ˵ģļƻʵûʲôԼĵطϼǩԼҲ˿ʧ
ѩҲû뵽Ӣܻ϶ֱӵķʽ˾ϼŵǩԼǳ뾴̼ͷӦ˹ҲǰȥӢɭӦ֪˵һ仰̳˵ûԶĻ飬ҲûԶĵˣھǩ˺ͬôζڽ˾ʧȥһܹչ̻һ˵Ǿܾѡġ
ɭ޼ŵѩã۾ʱһС㣬ʲôˣ
ѩõҽѩãܵ˽
ɭӢܣѩãͷȥԵô
Ӣܲ˵ȵɭģϼ˵ǲηκεսģоеˣ˵ǲǣ
ӢܵĻǲ׶ԷûסԼԵֹɭӢǰȥӢܴǢ̸ڶýǰǾͱԼηᱻСӢȥȷҲ̫ʧԼķϼŵˣɭ޻ôɵȥϼǿӪ͸ոմʲô߱Ӣܼź
뵽Ѿ⽫ƾͼƣɭ޸Ӣһˣɭ޻ܿԼǩԼʱӢܽΪ̽һЦǶţɭԼǰҲôˡ
ºзȵһЦɭԸ⣬͸ȥһ˰ɣͬʲôʱ򶼿ǩ˵òӦиѡϣܹҵѵĺ顣
һ˵ţһѾǺͬ
ӢѾ׼ı֣΢΢һЦɭȻѾԣǾ߰ɡ
ɭ޵˵ͷֵԲҾȥһˣţջǻġ
ɭҾ͵ĵ绰
ɭ޵ãһܿģ죬ǾͿǩԼˡ
˵ŻɭޱһȺԱӢ߳˻˳Ӣǰ·Ӣܴöȥ
Ӣܴãɭһ³ͱⴱΰĽסˣ̧ͷ˺һ󣬲ŶӢܵܣǵʵǲ
Ӣܵɭʵֻ֮һ뵱ǵļƻͻȤǺġ
ɭ޵˵ͷܵǼʶˣϣĹ˾ܹΪҴϲ
һ˵ţӢѩѾɭʮ¥Ļ
Ӣѩôɭ޵ԱӴȿȣԼȴɭ޵¡
һľ뽭ʤױӪƻˡ
Ӣָǵɭλǹ˾Ӫľǳо飬һӪƻ飬Ŀ
˵žöľ彫ƻݸɭޣǼƻѾȫӢģȻܹ
ɭĵһһϸĶ
Ӣܼɭ޵ɫ֪ƻѾﲻɵһϲ
˽һСʱɭ޲ŽǼƻ鿴꣬һߣӢܵܣǵݼƻдõȷӪҲǳӱֻҪʵȥѴֻº
Ӣܵǲ棬ò㵣ģɭֻ㣬ҲʵĻشǵӪƻƹ˾Ʒƣ᲻˹˾ƣ
ɭ޳Ĭһ󣬲ŵܹǵļƻɣȷǱ˹˾иķչǰ
ӢܵǷǹ˾Ȥ
ɭܣԸԸҽʵ
Ӣָ̡ܵ
ɭ޵˵˾ӪƻѾҷǳģǣƻȻˣȴʵʵڵ⣬῿һݺõӪƻͻһǹ˾Ʒã˹˾Ĺ߲гҲʮ⣬ǣǹ˾ѾǺʮˣ˵Ƿǳ죬ҪҷǶǺ˵ʵ̫ðˣҵĸҲһӦġ
ӢܹһЦɭ˵Ǹص㸸ҲãŹ˶þͻὫеĲҵתƵ£ѵīسɹ棬ԸȥµĹµӪ𣿡
ɭ޾ĳ˼һ󣬵ܣɣ˼һ£𸴡
˵Ҫߡ


 092 ŤתǬ(1)
ӢʱҲվȱæɭΪֹ˾ĳ⣬رΪ׼ЩĿϣ͹⡣
ɭҡͷܣлĺ⣬ЩæǸɡ
ӢЦܲУɭ˵Ůرмҹ˾ΪƹƷƣص齨һֻģض飬ȫԵıùεģҶǳ죬֪ûȤȥͼͣһ
ɭһʱͣס˽ŲӢܵܣ˵йһƽ˼ƣҵӢЦɭҲ˵һ˶ֲмƣǲ˾壬ΪһЩŮ˶Ӱľģǲǣ
ɭȻ̾ܣȻǸÿһ¶ûа취ܾ㣬ãҾȥһˡ
ӢЦЦͳֻĴһ绰׼ûУҪɭˡ
ֻڵ绰ͷû⣬ѾźˣܣϽɽׯ
Ӣܹ˵绰ͽѩýúðɭ޵Աȥιaʡʤ羰
ЩԱ֮ɭ֮ϲ£ɭȻԸԼĻо븸׵ĶУӢţҲͦ
ѩõıӰɭ޾̾ܣǺøôһƯܸɵĽ
Ӣ᲻֪˼Ըѩú˽ӴЦЦɭСȻƯйŮ̫ˣһһ۽ġ
˵žɭ˳ȥɭȴЩģеıڡ
ĳ棬ӢûԼݳһ˾ųɽׯȥɭ޵ĳš
ʻһСʱңŵϽɽׯһжɼٵɽׯʱѾ÷İ
յɽׯͼš
Ӣɭͣ˳ľͼææĹܣѾźˣҪҪʼ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãǰ·
˵žɭ޸˷ĵ
һ͵һ͵ĲƺｨһձʽķݣһźɫװӦֵˣæƿš
Ӣܡġɭ޼˽ȥȴտҰ˼ţȴʲôҲûС
ӢһʽɭԼԶмȴһռ䡣
ɭҿ˿ɴǺܣҳʲô
ӢЦЦһرĲˣɭһϲġ
˵վĵ˵ɫ
ľæ֡žžġ
ʱľžͱƿˣųʦ·һԻĳӢɭ֮䡣
ǲ֮ϣȴһŮˣòȻֻеƫϣƤȴʮֵĻȳ޳һֻ׵Ĵ̡ͷɢ̯׺Իꡣ̴Ҷͻ꣬ͷϷֱȥ˺˵ӣ飬鷿Χڷѻ͵⣬أƯˡ
ɭֻ缶ĻӣȻϵʲôЦܣ벻ҲŮʢ
Ӣ֪ܵɭùûУ
ɭ޵ⶫձȽ϶һЩһԣ벻ܻܵҪлˡ
ӢֻܵҪɭˣǾҡ
˵ŻʦѾȡһ̸˾ݵذڷŮʢϡ
ɭ޼Ӣƽ⣬ʲЩֵʱɿˣʼƷŮʢġ١ͷزۡӢҲһ֮״Ȥĺţһɻ۵Ļһ㣬ļɭԽ̸ԽͶҲǰ̾ܣǰ绢񻢣èèԲԼҲ̾簡
һٷȻɭ޳ԵüˬޱȣټӢܾپƣɭѾȫЦϣǿ֮
ԳݣЮ˵֮ʱ̫ھͲˣʱò;ߴŮʢ⡢ڲв֣ŮʢȻۣûгҲ΢΢Ťš
ӢܿǿڳŮʢϵʳʱʵҲѪڣ岻ЩӦɭޱȻʱ²ɭ֪ٷõΣĻǾȥһЩģضɣһ
ɭ޴ʱﻹܰסúãܣǾȥƣȻǺġ
Ӣܾ÷ǰ·˲ƺһ˹һߵıһȥͼ߰ĵģضɳš
ԭӢ÷ĵԼı飬ϸоɭ޵ϣ֪һϲɫˣҪİһ¡
ĶⷽȻİ뵽⣬ЩģضҲרģԸԼŮˣֻҪļ۸ȴǰޱȣӢܶɭԼĺ־ڱصãҲϡ
˽Щģضվһֱſһˣÿһľѡģϸ޳ģòǲףȫ޶ݡ
ɭ޿ۣЦܣµЩģضǲҿǹt̨Ҳȥһߡ
Ӣܼɭ޵Ӿ֪ѾģȴҪθڣɭǹˣɣһָָ㲻ĵطպҲ
ɭҲ෽λЩŮðҾͿ˵ɡ
Ӣɭ˿ɳϣļھվš
ǰģض͵õ˷ĵķԸһ±һȥ·
ûãǰģضʹźڰ׺Ƶȸ̤Ž˳ÿһԵӺݸţ󷽣ʱӢɭ˵ɭȻһֻȰɳϣУĿȴû뿪Ů
һװ꣬ģضִ˸ֵзװԵഺ˻ɭƵͷ
һȻӾװ㣬ģضʽ߳ʱϸֳȲӯӯյ֫ɫͬǳӨ󣬸еԵļʱڳ˵עӢܣҲȻ
һСʱ֮󣬰ģضͽˣӢЦŶɭ޵ôɭ֧ģضʲô
ɭæãǳãܣˡֱԣЩģضʷǳߣǵһģһġ
ӢܵŶǲ֪ɭǼģضرڡ
ɭˣߵλС㲻иղŴɫӾװλСҲʡ
ӢܶҲӡ˶СǳйǸŮˣǱȽϷϹʳĵ˵ͷ
ᣬߵǼһɭ˵ģضˣɭ޽ܵλСƼС㡣
ָɭ޵λǴװ˾Ψһ̳ɭ̡
װˣ˭᲻֪ӵкüƷƵ˾Ƽȶʱһ϶¶ЦȻɭ֣Ȼһһҵߡ
ɭЦŵܣôһλС죬һ
Ӣ֪ԽװúɭζͶܵõĺøУĵȥѸղǸɫӾװģض
æֽһִһѾ˷ۺɫװŮ˹ܣɺС㡣
ӢܸղŶɺѾ־жʵŮüͦСƤ𪣬ȽϷӢܵۡ
ɭ޴ƼȣӢܴɺ÷ĸԼɭ޵Ҳһģضұɽׯ棬һֱ˰ù˷һ죬͸ԴŮ˻ݣ䣬ӢܶԺ£ֻδᡣ
Ӣܴɺ˷䣬ҶˣҶ׶ԷҪʲôȻҪ£ܿ˴Ӣû뵽ǣЩŵ䣬˴ȴһʮĵı任ŸλҽдҲرĴӢܴδģеһµĴ̼ĶɺţŮˣȷǿǱڵԵġ
һҹķܿȥӢܺ˴˵¥ĿɭĽ̸֪ҲԼΨһĻˡ
ɭ޿ûô磬Ůֻٵľֱٽ磬żɭ§Ůˣ΢Ȧ
˿ŵӢܣɭȻ˼Ů߿ߵԱµܣҺܸлҵĿҲΪˣΪйѣ£ֻ»ǳѡ


 093 ŤתǬ(2)
Ӣܵûв´ҵӪƻ޷ʵ֣Ӱ˹˾Ʒй۶
ɭ޵˵ͷǸˣҲӦ֪Ŀǰ˾ҸУҲܺ
ӢһЦɭһ飬ù˾Һʵգ˿ʧΣ
ɭԣʱֱӵܣ˵ʵҶǹ˾ӪƻǺȤģҲϣѣʲô飬ұ֤ȿǺġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǺã㣬ǹ˾ȥϼźÿǶ٣
ɭ޵ʮҡ
Ӣܵ㱣֤֮֮ÿ󲻵֣ô
ɭһܣ㲻ڿЦɣ֪ļƻҪȫʵУҲҪʱ䣬޷֤ʮڵġ
Ӣܵͷ֮ڣҵȷܸÿʮڵ󣬵֮أ
ɭļƻܹʵ֣ͺѹƣҲһϡ
ӢܵΪҵôٲ޴ɡ
ɭްû˵һ̾ȻǸֶ飬Ҫǻб˿Զʮʱ䣬㹫˾ĳɾ;ϼ֮¡
ӢһЦҲɣҪǵòɭĴ֧֣˾Ǻѷչġ
ɭޱһƬ̲¶˾ģЦܣ˵ĻԾܾ
Ӣ֮ѾӦˣдϲǺãʲôʱǩԼ
ɭ޵ܣȻѾѣ̣Ҫ˵Ҫпҷĵʲֻ֤ǩĺͬͬڣ㲢ûǹ˾ĳɼôҲֻбʾźˡ
ӢܶʱЦˣһֵֻãһΪ
ɭ޵˵ͷ¶΢Цֺһ
ʱӢܸĴһ绰ͼļææݺͬ˹
ӢܵɭͬѾ׼ˣ㿴һʲô׵ģһݲͬ
ɭЦܣҿ־ڱصðһֱַܹסģļƻҲ̵ʱʵ֡
һ˵ţһѾǷݺͬϸĿȴȻԼľӪգϸĿ֤ʽ֤ʵԼ޻˵˵ͷãҲûʲôҪˣܣףܹɹ
ͳǩ֣ȻóĹ˾ӡ£¡
ӢҲǩָ£˸һݣɭ޺Ȼҡͷܣȥֻ֮»ᱻҸһٳ
Ӣܵҿãнյĳɾͣͨҵļƻ뿪Ǿǿ˵ģɭ㲻صġ
ɭ޵ͷԸɣϼһҪ뷨ӽͽͣ˵仯ġ
ʱȴɭ޵ֻˣɭһϼŵˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ֪Ҳס˴绰̽ɭ޵Ŀˡ
ɭ޽˵绰ӢĿȻϼŵ˴ģɭ޲û˵Ѿǩ˺ֻͬ˵ӢܼŵļƻܸȤҪǿǡ
Ӣõ˺ͬҪع˾ȥýжɭ޸˴ǣŷĳɽׯЩģضȻҪüˡ
ݳص˹˾Ӣܱټ˺ɡġѩÿᡣ
˵ӢѾõɭ޵ĺͬʼһ󣬿Ǻ֪ӢܾȻŵÿҪ֤˾ʮԪ󣬶ʱͱԹ˵Ӣܴ˾̫ðա
ӢܶɵͷͲϣѩóĬĿľӪǻۣС㣬ô
ѩʱ̧ͷ΢΢һЦܣҪϲ㣬йװİпܲ˹˾Ӣܼˣʮǿܻһ꣬˵ڶ꣬ͺпܹŤΪӯˡ
ӢܵŶС㣬˵˵
ѩõʵܼ򵥣ļƻؼľҪõǳӰ֤ܹ׬ǮƷƣܽǵרӪѸ֪ȣҴֻҪǵĵ潨ӱӪģʽӦľͻƷԸǺǾͿѡԵĽһЩ֪ĶƷһƷƵļ۸񵵴Σռ佫ǳľ޴󣬲һγɹѩѭҵĶˡ
Ӣ٩٩̸΢ЦСȻǹѧmbaʶȷ
ѩĬĬעӢܵ㣬һߵֺ׼ƺзգʵȴһԼǿļƻϼֻû뵽Ҳɭ޸ߣʵڵ͹㡣
ӢҡͷܻЩŭϾӹҲס˹˾ϼ˵ռò󣬶ϼҲβʲôЧĴǵҵҪĿꡣ
˵ֵģľ뽭ʤҪ帺ʲôѣ͵һʱһ㱨
ʱѾޱȣӦǡ
ӢֶԺɵ㾡еԴϣǧҪס⣬ֻҳǲģһҪ˾ãûУöľ뽭ʤƸ
ǸؾɵˣղѩõĻҲѾˣΪԼĶӶգæúã֪ˣܣ˸ղԽղ䣬ϡ
ӢЦЦÿһ˶ȱŵ㣬Ȼϰ尲ǸңǴ¾Ͷһɴϰ彻ġ
ɵ˵ͷĵţһܹġ
ʱѩõܣһҪʲô
ӢܵڻȷǲäĿ£һҪѧȴᣬģϼֻҪʲôͱ֪ͨңˣԻؽȥͨǵĸ߲㣬Ϣʱ׼ȷһЩ
ĵܣͷİɣ֪ˡ
ӢҪ˵ֻȴһȴҶٻֻ룬вһԼͷ̫ڸýϵĳʱȻֻͣѾסҶٻˡ
һͨ绰ȻʹҶٻЦŵܣͦװⰡ
Ӣһ⻰֪ñѩ˵ãĻͿʱһ£ȳȥɡ
ɺܿ˳ȥѩȴӢһۣżȻ


 094 Ůıף1
Σòɷ
ҶٻͿ˹˹ӢܣеĸʵԴϴ촺Ҫ׷Ӣʱ͸еԼʵ᲻˳Ϊ˵ѣ¶Ҫݵ֣ûʲôǮȫԼȥѡѵı׼ҲˣԲԼ̽̽ԼȫĵģֻҪʾӢܾͻԹԳΪԼȹ֮
Ӣܼζ˵£޷棬ҶٻҲףæһҵҪǴһЩûȻõģҲûзϡ
Ȼû뵽ǣ촺ȻһϢ˵ӢܾȻʲôӢܼŵܲãҹȥǴûΰĴþӢܼŵܲ
ϢҶٻѽϽȥ飬ŷֶӢܵıѾкܶˣҵϼ˾ǩԼʽзǳ꾡ı֪ӢܾȻһԼǱƭȥˡ
Ҷٻ˵֮ûпϲģʼվӢǸˣûʲôǮûʲôɾҲˣдѴѵǮһǼŹ˾ܲãǵȻòȫԼĿ֮ѵܹΪӣԼæµ۵˾ͽΪ֮ı䣬ܵܽķչĽţȻҲʲô⣬ĸǰҪúչ˵ܵܵԾܹˣǮˣ밡
Ӣܴ绰֮ǰѾҪΪԼˣΪܵܵĽ򣬵绰﷢ƢҲװװӣӢܵĿԼ̬Ȳûʲô仯ҲǸˣԼ¶¶ļҶٻɲɵϣǮһŮʾģҪΪǿܸŮ˻ᡣ
úõĴһԼǿԵӢܵģһúõĻһ¹ȥġŮι˵ʮҪٵʾ֣֮һ
ӢܼȻΪʲôٵ˳ţҶٻûĳȻһԽĸоҪԼĳУζ̫ˬˡ
ӢܵãʵҶٻ뵽Է
ҶٻֻһȻİʾһ£Լ⣬гȻҪԶһˣȥ·˵һҷͶУͦġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãָ·ǡ
˵ž˳ӡ
Сʱ֮󣬾͵˻·ҵҶٻ˵ǼҽСķ꣬Ȼ󣬵װ޵õǹɫġ
ӢҶٻ˽ȥȴȫС䣬һţĶһԶԵŮŮӦһ²һҶٻһۡ
ҶٻӢܲй΢죬æͷȥȥ
ʱһŮӦк˵һ䲼õ÷ǳµİ֮ڣ˵ˣҶٻȻƫвͣ˾ҪӪһգ͵˼ݲͣӢȻ⡣
һŮӦͶʳ;Ȼò˳ȥš
ҶٻӢһͣӢܣ㣬㵽ʲôˣ͵ǴӢܴҲֵüʮڰɣϰһʲô˲ĳ̣УﻹЩʲôˣ
ӢҡҡͷҶٻڶԲвѵĿԣҵһУʲôܸ㡣
Ҷٻʱ죬¶˺ܲ˵ţװأ治ѡ
Ӣ̾һô˵ĺΪѡ
Ҷٻ۾գգã˵Ͳ˵Ҳǿ㣬һʣһҪʵʵĻشҡ
Ӣܵ˵һ˵
Ҷٻ㣬ŮûУš
⣬ӢܵǺûش𣬺ԥĵûУûŮѣûš
ҶٻһŵĴʯ˵أһֵΪʲô㳤ǮһƯŮ׷ǲ̫ˣû취ѡ񡣡
Ӣܴʱѹû뵽Ҷٻ׼ëԼҡͷҶٻҾܾشЩġ
ҶٻȴûˣĬĬĳͣŮӦҪЩͺ㣬ҪͲܣرһöӣңӢһȣĵƹҲˣмֻһֻ
Ӣܲɵϣ龰Ѿ˼֣ҶٻԼƽʱЩͬˡ
ʱȴҶٻİŪԼͷͦķζظ˺üΣɵҶٻͷôмʳɲá
ҶٻᣬԭʱҪһǱŮιʮҪûеһǡһԸжָŮˣĲͷɢ˵ķ㣬ͺԻɢڲ˲°Χ˵Ŀ⡣˻ɢ
ʵû뵽Ūɳ׾ս渺Ӣᣬ϶ʱ̿һֻһֻ򣬲Ӣܿľ̬
ҶٻǸĹȻһʧˣȻҪı䷽ҪҪлһǡ˿Ů˫Ƚ룬ǴŶȹʱڶ˶ڴ˫ȵһ̡
ӢԼӶԼ˫ȣһֻз
⻹һǡŮĸоСèҪȻչֳŮز͹˼
һȻҲǲʺҶٻģҪ֪ûֲӿŮӣҲСһҪز͹ʵԲʲô
ȥҶٻҲֻУоǡŮ˳ˮͷȻԸеòˡǳӣҵʱִ϶ѪšҪֺˣ´νʳﾡŽУһ˵¹򡣡
Ůͷ˳Ͳ״ʱ֤˶ҪΪ֮
ҶٻȷǸܴĹûʲôɫӰɫС˵Ȼ֪ĶŮģҲŪΪʲô˻ᵱ¹ҪΪ֮˵ͦˣʵӢܹԼΪԼˣҪһ԰
ʱҶٻӢܵ۹Լ˵һͲܣ΢΢˼⣬˵öӣĵʹţʱĴ۾ӢܣķӦ
ӢܼҶٻͷȻʱһҶٻףǸľµˣвݵջֵǣԼҶٻ˽⣬Ӧڶ˵ŮӰ
ڲ֮ʱҶٻһпľٶȽӣҷ촽֮ȥ³СˣȻͷʼ˳Ǳϵţ⻹մЩɫ͡
ӢҶٻʱЩ׾ǳĲȻĲµѧʲôǺЦʵڲԸͷȥȿȣװ޶ԡ


 095 Ůıף2
ҶٻӢܵȻӣǴʧɰдŮǸƭӣʲô˵¹ʲô˵ٵģǼٵģԼǸɵϡ
һľɥֲ֪˱Լļ˼˺һŵӢܣϲʲôŮӣ
Ӣʳ⻰Ͳµ˼֣ȴһʹ࣬ҶٻһǷǳõŮӣĶĵطǣȻڳΪӢܼŵܲãȻʼһɱ֣ʱпܽµʱҲпûѴϰ壬İŮգԶǾģȥһͺL¶һҪ߲֯С󣬶ڵһУϰĶˣܱѣܣеĺùԼԵģԸԼȻʹҲһεˡ
̧ͷҶٻЦЦϲֳ޵ŮˣŮ˲ŮˣŹζĹʲôҲһ𲻻ʲôо
ӢܵĻҶٻһŷı类һҵûһ£Ȼһ𣬸ղŻʱŬĵ˭˵ʲôʲôġ
˵֪Լ˵ֱ̫ˣӢܱȻԼ˼ҶٻֱˬԼĹҲСｫһᣬӢܣһ£ЦңûУ
ӢѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣһ̾ãҲЦ㣬˵ɡ
ҶٻҧҧԼ˹ŵӢܣ˵ʵҡҶкøС
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֪һֱͦչҵġ
ҶٻЩżǸ˼롭ĿǰûŮѵĻҿԸᡣ
˵Ӣᣬҿɲ̰ǮʵʵûʲôǮֻҪǻˣҶԸ⣬
ӢĬĬΪŮӣҲǶµʹԸ˵κ˺Ļƫƫò˵ֻӵѩԼ˿ѹŮˣҶٻӦиҸƽԼǸ޷ġ
˺һӢܲѹסԼ飬úܵȻҶٻԲղѾ˵ˣϲֳһŮˣ㣬͡
ҶٻĴʱڼ׹ţû뵽ԼһŮһʾ˻ܾǰǮףԼɽһˡ
˺һҶٻȻЦιӢܣɫѿ񣬸㿪Ц㲻ᵱ˰ɣߣˣƢֳӲ˭ϲֱŮˣӢܣǶ㲻˵ʵĳͷãҪǴӦң׽ŪһӿЦ
һ˵ţһ߸ЦţƺᶼҪЦˡ
ӢǸˣȻ֪ҶٻڸԼΣ棬ģǿĵ顣
ΪҶٻЩӢҲЦգգĵιҶٻ㻹湻յġ
ҶٻʱְӢܣһ㻹ǲǵãӦܵġ
ӢܶʱˣǴӦܣֻҪָ˼䣬ǮˣҪһǮ
ҶٻһѾָ˼䣬ҲһǮˣӦòʰɡ
ӢҲҶٻһЩŻЩϰȥһ¾ǣµͷãҪ٣
ҶٻҼǵôܵʱ˵һҲҪģ˵Ǿţһë
Ӣܺԥĵ˵ͷû⣬ûд֧Ʊϣһ㡣
ӢܴӦǮԼܵܽٲʲô⣬Ҷٻȴûκεĸֻ֮úҵطһ㾡ңûʲô£ǿ˰ɡ
˵žվ
ӢܡšһҲҶٻȥ
ųҶٻصѵأҶٻֻһͷֱֱ˽ȥ
ӢĬĬҶٻıӰܹᵽŮʱʧʹ࣬ȴһܣ͵Ůһ˲ӵУֻоܾ櫵Ҷٻÿһεľܾһ̵ֱĸоֻгܣҧܣ˭ӰǵӰ
رʱӢܽ÷ɿ죬һĳйԼĿ˭˵ɱ飬ɱֻǲˡ
һ͵˱ӢܻصңȴѩûɳϵԱߵĲ輸ϣȴһƿƱ
ӢܽݣѩվЦӯӯĵӢܣˡ
Ӣܵô㻹û˯
ѩõûô˯˽սݵӣһ칦
˵ž͵ƣһԼţһȴݵӢܵС
ӢѩþףȴеһɣŮˣкøУûʲôθУĸоǺҶٻͬģûκεѹԼ˵Ҳֻ˵Ů˲ʺԼ
˾ƣͷһںȸɡ
ŮǼеģѩúܿͷӢܵĲ죬ôӢܣȥʲô˳ĵˣǲǺλҶС㷢ʲô졣
ӢܼµԼȥҶٻȥˣ΢΢һЦûʲôҶСһᾡټˣҪȫȫĶԸϼţ·ġ
ѩжʱһ˿֮ɫ̾ˣȥһƵðӢܣף̵ʱڴϼţһҵ漣
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˱Ȼһ
һҹӢѩ˰ӢԵúǿҰԣѩ¾һֻѩ׵˳ĸıĬĬĳţֱӢȫйԼڡ
ڶ죬ӢѩøյӢܴõſڣͼվýߣһӢܣΧ˹
ܣ˵Ѿɭǩ˺ͬǲģ
ܣôƺϼԣͲϼŻʲôľٶ𣬱ϾĿǰ˵ϼй̽ӰǷǳ޴ġ
ܣܣһ˵䡣
ӢҲ벻ЩߵϢͨ룬˳ѩ˳ȥ
̼һŻͲļߡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦðɣȻλýѶѾ֪Ӣܼ˾Ѿǩ˺ͬҾ䣬ϼţµȷǷǳźû취ҵɣҲĿǰ˵ӢܼŻϲϼţ˾һҷǳгԶĹ˾ɭһλŸհԶս۹⣬ǳǵˣѡӢܼţǵңͬʱҲ֤ǼŵʵܹýȤӢܼź̽˵һ䣬̳ϣǿģδõģӢܼѸٷչ׳ޱȾ޴̻кõĿ뽨飬̸̸˵һҴˣһѡĳ﹧λĴˡ
ѩվԱ٩٩̸ֲ֮ʧǫѷһһջֻԼԵϣ治ϻֲŶʮ꣬ȴ˳ǣĬɽȻһ˵ֿӵˡ
Ӣ˵˻һԱͣȥԼȥѩýȥݣʱŵѩһýߵע⣬ٵӰʦͷ׼ѩֻ΢ЦŽĸӢܵĺ档
ϴ̨ף洫һҵ죬æعͷȥȴжʮŽп˵ĦгȻ׷ͣ£һڵ˹˶ȾŷŶһ֪ʲôˡ
ӢҲЩˣ֪߲ƣ㽫ѩԼ󣬸ֶ
ӢܴõĴ״æӭȥȺ˺ܿŪ˵¡
Щ߼ƣ֪Ͼͻд¼׷þͷ׼Ⱥˡ
ͷһʮ꣬ų̵ݸӣ˶׼ԼľͷǺη壬λߣǶˣӢܼŵ治ǶϾȻ͵͵ţģˣ˵ǲ㡣
ĻȺ֮ȴ߳һʮ߰ŨױĨмɫŮˣһӣӢܵǰܸ磬ҲģǵϹˣҲû취
ѩû뵽ᷢ£һӦҪڶļǰӢܣΪ֪ϼŵܲȥڵϵϵǳҪЩĨڣʵڲʲô¡


 096 
Ů˵ӢܵĻѩվ˳ȥ˵ܲˣѪˡ
Ů˵ʲôˣ
ѩõܵ˽˹ʡ
Ů˶ʱðܸ磬㲻ǴӦ˽˹ʵôˣ㣬ƭˣƭˣҺϴʲôˡ
˵žͼʵĿ
ЩȻɵӣ᲻ŮˣΪӢܼܲã͵ӢܾǲģҲЩ²ϼ£⵹Ǹֵóţڷ׷׹עı仯
ѩôʱֺּ¼Ҳ֪ô죬ܣǿ챨
ӢһֱͦվţǼ¶һЦѩýбȴһӣͷݸ߸ʲô֣
ݸ߸Ӣһһʱһɵõҽи
Ӣܵ˵ͷܺãǰɣ˵ŮˣЩᣬҸط̸̸
ǸǷҪýǰӢܸһҪݺݵһ٣ҪˣôӰǿǷǳ㡣
Ӣ飬⣬Ҳͷã̸̸̸̸Ǹô㡣
ѩӢܾȻҪЩå̸żʹ½ǣʾҪ״Ӧ
ӢԼԼ⡣˵ֻ磬ɡ
ǸӢܶԼǿΪѾԼǴΪ⣬Ŷʮ£ҡڵظӢܵĺ档
Ӣܴһϯ˵˶¥һңʱѩѾʮһȺӢܴõԱ˹
ˣһǶʮåعȥ
ѣ֮ڣȴȫλεĿ
ӢʱȵţԼܹǶվţҲرС㡣ûУ
ѩȻ֪ӢܹȥݣֱضԷôˣһżһеĺ޷ȻӢܴĿǣֻõͷһľҪɤš
ӢʱѾ߽˻ңȵǸȫ¼Ů˽š
Ӣܲ󣬻ȥţвЦɵҵȥûͷ
Ƕʮå̾Ĵƣܿͻ㱨
磬ûС
磬ˣûͷ
磬ôʰСӣ㷢
Ǹûмʩӷˣֵ˳λϯϣղŨױĨŮ˱˻ʹһڵղűݵòȥӣ׼ľͷɲ𣬹
Ůһµޣڵ¶㻹ʲôﲻˣŴӦ¡
Ůһ£ѾԶԶԼӢܵԵģ˲£Ӧֵ֪Ϊʲôɣ
Ӣ΢΢һЦǲϼŵ⣿
͵ڻһĵģҿǳıӵȻҶϼŵ⣬ѵ֪ǵϵϴһϼŹϵܺ𣿡
Ӣҡҡͷ֪֪ˣһҲġ
Ů˸Լһֻ̣³һȦȻЦָԵأǳģģԴôͻһѵ֪ϼžŵϴŵϴҪùûᣬǸһ񣬾ģһ٣Ҳûȥ
Ӣ̾һȻǾɣҲôãңҾͻ̲ס֣磬еĵطҲҡ
نˣǰһֵָǣҺݺݵһ٣ҪǧҪŪˡ
վӢԱߵЩåͳ˹ȥӢܻȭ߽
ȻʱӢѾվѸײڶ֮ƣŲһƻӳԼ˲˺߶ûһһͷԵڵء
Ӣֻܵ˶סˣһ֮䣬ӢֽܵŲδͣЪƣÿһƶһ˵ĺ֮Щ
ֻʱΣ
ʱ֪˭˵һ䡰Сӡεϡ
һ䣬е˶γ׷ӢܻȥѩʱһƬ
صֶڳѪĵһɱӰ˵
Ӧͺ޾տԣĽŲݵƶЩȫմϱߣֻͣĻӱһƶӲգʮӡѾɵһʧȥ֪åֻʣŮ
Ů˼ӢܳԼʱƨһǽȥŶҵ£ҵ¡Ǳġ
ŮˣӢҲûʲôȤȻŵĸСӵЩʶϵôˣȻ̩ɽ
ߵǰ֪ԼˣֻǸֲĵ۾ڷָų̵ƣѾ֪ȥˡ
ӢܺЦ磬̺ˡ
Ǹ⻰ŻعŹһӢܣһƬհףҲ֪˵ʲôð˵һ䣺кҡ衭Ĳˡ
ӢܾôǻвɰЦ磬Ӧֵ˰ɡ
ǸȷaʡڵϵˣֻǵλܵͣǸͨСͷĿƽʱҲֻЩԶ٣˵£˵Ӱϣûм˵ֻôźˣһصֵܣ൨Ѿˣҡͷңϴ۲ʶ̩ɽҰɣ͡͵һƨҷˡ
Ӣ֪ǸСɫָʹҲʰЦ磬鷳һ£òã
Ͻͷúãû⣬һû⡣
Ӣܵһý˽ȻǸŸ֤һ£һᡣ
²ŪӢǲԼߵأæͷУҾ˵ϴˡ
Ӣҡҡͷ磬ⲻɣǸղŰϷݵ̫ˣָյ˵ң˵ᣬǲŵģֻ˵ָʹģҲĿԣǿ㽫ָʹ˵ġ
ﻹѡأðɣҪ˵ʲôҾ˵ʲô
ӢЦļ磬ȻȥһεåġѨһ˱ƵתӢܣԱ߹˺üȦžδվ
æӣѵպãܴӦŹˡ
кӵåȻҲûеӢܽߵ˸ߡ
Ӣ編ƣһåȫŪѣȻؾصվ˸ĺ档
Ӣܱȥţһ򿪣ѩáġɵվ棬һŵĶ
Ӣƽѩöʱһؿڣ¶ЦݵӢܣǼˣٲţҾҪײųȥˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦûϵڸЩ˽̸Ҫ֤һµ࣬С㣬Щýһûߣȥǵ
ѩҲ֪ʲôЩå࣬ܽ鷳Ȼò£æЦȥˣûãһȺýߵ˻ҡ
ȵЩߵ˻ңӢһ£ǸϽͿʼ˵ˣԼָʹҪӢܣӰӢܼŵʽӢܵǸۼô׷ʣ˵ָʹ˭
ȵǲɷϣӢܾͷŸ˻ȥˣһڼҲʼ뿪ֻʣӢܡѩáɡ
ʱѩҧӢܣ²˵һɵģҵ⣬ˡ
Ӣ΢ЦҡҡͷһɵģҶ˽⣬߰ţôɵˣóĵֶΣ»йϵôġ
Ĵ˿ҲԱߵ˵öԣǿųģӲ䣬ǹ£ǲмΪ֮ģûв´ʡǺϴ¶ȥϴ½ܣĸϵǳĽܣһ֪ϼ£ɵģܣȻȥˣϼʡйڰܳԵÿҪǡ
ӢȻЩη壬һ˵ҪķǾٵģʱȻһͷһϲ˵ͷǵԱҪǿˣһ취ģǲõġ
ʱӢܻеֻˣһľȻֻιӢ𣿡
Ӣܵҡ
ڵ绰ȻúܽѾ˵ˣ㣬˲ɵġ
Ӣܵһţܣˡ
һȻӢܣҵȷǵ͹㣬㲻Ҫ̫磬ϼſԲ˾˹˾ҲԲڣǺϼŵģûв´ӢܼŵĿϼţԲԣ


 097 
ӢµԼͼҲϣֻǵϼŵôǿ벻ֻӢܼţֻе˵Ŀ궼ϼţܣֺαô
ڵ绰ȻЦӢܣһƻļһҵҲɵϣ㻹ʲôֶֻʹǸˣôˣûһĶ֣㵹ҸеЩ˷ܣϣ㲻Ҫͷβʧ
ӢҲЦܣȻˣǵȷдд衣
ڵ绰ͷ˵һá
͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣܸպõ绰ͼһְԱŽܣһλС㣬˵Ҫ㡣
Ӣһ֪˭ˣ˵ͷãҵİ칫ȥ
Ӧһ¥ȥˡ
ѩԱˣһС㣬ܣѵǡ
Ӣܲûиѩý̫£ȻҲûᣬºܸɴĵͷСᣬȻϼϾȴҵѣӦһΪܽһ𡣡
һ˵ţһ˳ȥ˵Լذ칫ȥˡ
ѩĿӢܵӰȴɻȻûмᣬĴȴжţ˵һ÷ǳԸŮ벻ӢѣǸҶС㡣Ҳ֪ʲôĹϵˣôҲַӰ
Ӣܵ˰칫ңûþͼְԱһɫжһɫţп㡣һСԵú򵥣㷢βûлκεױòȫáˮܽأȻȥΡݡ
Ӣֻһۣ;ƺЩͬˡһٻӰ쵽ĳɳ
ߵӢܵİ칫ңһ۾ͼܲλϵӢܣ˹ȥֻ֧ڰ칫ϣһ󣬲ӣһðӢܣ벻ôʵôһ˾ܲãܵҼȥ˵кξģ
ӢվԱߵɳϣԼ˹ȥҲ͸˵Ϊĳԭʧ䣬ǲţ뿪ǼҺȥŻָ˼䣬ԵҽԺЪʣ
룬ǵȻ˵⻰ЦˣȥʣػҾŵģιӢܣְ˭ôǮⴱøǵñǼҵûɡ
ӢܵҾͲ˵ˣǸܡ
Ц˵㲻˵ǲҸҵ£Ѿ֪ˡ
ӢܵԭҪҵҲأҪ֪ңֻҪ㳳ܡ
ģҾͰѣʱǿģ˵ʲôҾʲôܲһɶûаɡ
Ӣ֪ܵǼҵ⣬᲻
ȻЦôµֲרأҲ꣬Ҹǲģ̫̫ţϴûʲôۣܸһɫƣʵǺܺõ£˵֮󣬻һ
Ӣû뵽Ȼؽ󣬲ɵöʮŮЩ࿴ã˵Һô⣬Ƕѡ
ǵȻǻΪġ
Ӣ֪ԼϼŵԽԽ󣬵ֲᣬ˸еɰŮκεĲ죬صĻ¡
Ӣܣ㻹ǲǵ
Ӣô᲻ǵã˵ͷ
ЦǰȥǼһˣװһ¥ҽǵĶӶϱϼŹ
ӢܵӦúܸ˰ɡ
˵ͷȻܸˣ廹˵һȥ¼ҺȾ
˵ȴһ죬ԭԭ˵СҪڶˣ͵ȥסһʱ䣬ɽ֣ԳʵĹϹ߲ˣҲûг塣
ʱȴѩö˽һЦλСɣһȿȣůůθ
ῴòŵѩãȻеЩӢܵιӢܣ˭ɣҿһ
ӢܱҸܽܣλѩС㣬ѧMBAҵ˽˹ʡ
ѩñЦ
᱾һԶڳеŮӢѾѩôƯ˵⣬˽˹ʡĸָҲԼȥѩ֣ιӢܣǹ˾֣ʲô˽˹ʣҸΪʲôûУ
ӢܼСƢַˣѩñǸЦһЦѩҲ⣬˵ͷ΢ЦС㣬ҾͲ̸ˡ
˵žӯ˳ȥ
ѩȶ˵ıӰȷԼһݳŵкȻ˶⣬Ȼ뵽ӢܺҲʲôʵˣҲӱһȣʱ̲סӢܣ㣬С˽˵ʲô̶ȣȫλİɡ
ӢһеģֲýֻͣǵˣЩһСӶʲô
±˵СӣرǴӢܵ˵ʱǺСӣ˭СӣѾʮˣҪѧѾ
Ӣû뵽Լ˵仰ķӦ˵ļң΢΢һЦúã㲻СӣǴѾĴ˰ɡ
ƫͷȻһЦ⻹࣬ҪڹŴ䶼Եˡ
˵⻰òԣЩ̡
ӢܲûעЩֻᣬһעһ£Щңֻܲ˵ģûٳЩá
һߣҶ£붼ܡ
˵ţСֻˡ
óֻһ룬˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵Ҹġ
һιһɫͱˣһŵҲǸ˵𣬺˭ҵȨ˭ҲܲţӱӱӢӢܣǲͬȫͬҲҪ㵣ġ
ڵ绰˵ЩʲôƺҪϻȥȴҾҪһ󣬺ðԽԽˣ˼ҵ٣ˣٺ㳳ûʱԼ֪
˵ž͹Ҷϵĵ绰Сȴһӡ


 098 1
ӢһֱĶԻȴڲɵ˼ϼ׼Ŀ꣬ĳ˵˵ĿǰĶ֡ˣղ˵ӦһΪϾûʲôȻ߰һЩƢһЩ۲죬ȷһλø磬ǷǳģҲҪ˵Ĺػ˵ĹϵƺѾһЩʵڲΪԼֽ
ŭĽֻص뱳ڣӢܵᣬ˸㣬ǹ㣬ʵ磬һҲôģòʹСӣԼ˵ԼѾϸһ룬ôʲôԣ
Ӣôһ˵ҲĬһһˣҾͲƽϵ̫࣬˽㣬Ȼᣬպʱˣͻ˲ʲôˡ
˵Ӣӱ£飬δغ͸ղǸúСװףžͲһҲǸˡ
Ӣ仰ָʲôɿʲô˻ˣҿɴûֻҪԼûʲôˣᣬѾˡ㻹ǻȥһˣǸġ
֪պԼҪӢܣ϶ԽԽһúõ̸һ̸ø粻ҪٸԼӢܵ£Ҫʵ˵ͨԼҲ̵ͷôˣԼϲӢܴһ
뵽͵˵ͷվǺðɣҾͻȥúõ̸̸Ǹӣ´ΣҪʱʹʹһ졣ǽ𲻴Ӧ
Ӣ֪Ů֮ǳؿ飬ҲаǸԼһ£ҳһʱ㡣ô
ʱЦ绨ѩ׵ԳУãӺɷһԾŶɲڣ
Ӣһ㶣ʲô
ƬߣϴҼûãҾ͸绰˭֪Ѿ˺룬ҲҴ绰ʧ˺ģҽ˺þãǸղģ Ǹղˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ칫ȥһƬᣬƬСߣᣬȱæȥ硣
˵ž˿Σóһ֧Ʊдһ˺ݸᡣ
һȴһ֧Ʊ֪ǵڸнǱǮɵЦ㻹Ҫûôɡ
ӢһɫĵһҪ磬˵ǽģԵؿɲʲ
һҲԣЦԶԣ˵㻰ҸƲ㣬ҲȱǮһȥǡ
֧ƱźãӢܰһɰĹӢܣҾˣҵص绰Ǻúһ졣
˵վҡҡ֣Ȼ߳Ӣܵİ칫ҡ
ûãѩñ˽Ӣ΢ЦӢܣҿλС㲻
Ӣܵĸʱʱпҵ翴ˡ
ѩúܿ϶ҡͷСǽ㵱ĸ磬ҿϲˣָ黹൱ǿҡ
Ӣܵ˵Ŷ󣿡
ѩһЦŮʮɲСˣʱ˼ǶʮкҲδظϵϣͣһˣпִܻܷܹǲᶮġ
ӢܲΪȻصҿ̫ˣҺ᲻żһ棬Ҳûãô֪ôࣿ
ѩõӢܣǵøղʶС㲻ԸҸ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷŮͦӵģʱʱĵȴܺã㲻Ҫƽ̫ࡣ
ѩõӢܣôȥСƽϣ㲻֪С㵱ʱҵԵĺܲԣ˵⣬ŮӶԼеһҷų⣬Ǻϲ㣬Ҳ¶ġ
Ӣ뵽ҪԼƺͷҲûзϣҡͷЦģЩСŮСЩӵӰ̫࣬ʵģǶʲôģЩȻˡ
ѩȻ֪ûô򵥣ʱҲ˵ʲôˣЦЦС㳤úֺãҪǴ꣬㵹һԾ䡣
ӢǸܴˣѾʵѩõҲһЩܺζ룬ѩã˵ʵ𣿡
ѩõȻ롣
Ӣܺĵѩã֪ҵĹȥģҲӦ֪ʱµ˵пܾһ֮Զ˵һĸ飬Ҳ˭һĸ飬ϰ尲ңҲһֲϣףˣ֮ɸȻҲġ
ѩĬĬӢܵĻǸˣ޷ϣԼѾȫǿˣ嵽飬׵׵ѾİԹ޻ڵİȷôԼģúῴԼˣǲκŮ˶ģҲԼһַǳʹ£ȻҲǷǳԵŮˣӢܵĻѾԸʵһǳĵˣκŮ˵ĸ飬Ϊ侲Ըȥ۰Ůˡ
ѩ뵽ĮӢܣԽԽȷһֵԼһ׷ˣܺһԼһҪúõϧºһЦˣӢܣģҲκθġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷͲ˵ȥеһЩйϼŵϣѩþὫһȷǰİ칫ϣ˳ȥ
һӢܺȻһæóֻͨһ룬ֻһͳιλ
Ӣжʱһϲպհ³ңӢܡ
绰Ƕ˵ȻǾɹźպհ³ˣʱƺѾָյ״̬úӢܣ㣬ôҺȾưɣ
ӢܵƵȻҪȣһ㻹ڲaʡ
պհ³ڡ
ӢܵãϳϴξȾƵǼҾƹݣҽҲ
պհ³Уͳ
ӢһҶϵ壬͵ϴκȾʱĺ룬һͨιһξӢܣ㻹ǵ𣿡
ʱˣЩϲĵӢܣ㣬һΪѾЩͷǿúܰ벻ôļŹ˾ܲá
Ӣܵ˵ܳ𣬾ϴǼҾƹݣѾԼպհ³ġ
ˬĵôϰƵЩģô᲻û⡣
Ӣܵô˵ˣȥ¥ϴǺȾƵǼݣպհ³Һܿˡ
ɴĴӦһͽͨ


 099 2
ͨ˵绰Ӣܾߵѩõİ칫ң˶ľ屨ʽԤȴһ̾ԼȷҪһѩܹϸ¹ˣȻ˼ȫսԣЩʵڲС
ӢܽѩþҪվӢæ˰칫ϣѩãҪȥһˣʲôҴ绰
ѩõʲô£費Ҫһȥ
Ӣҡҡͷãȥλѣ˳̸̸˾£ҽһƸЩı֣ʵ̫ˡ
ѩ뵽å£ЩηηŵģæͷǸⷽǿˣ˵ģ㲻ĵֶΣȴ׼Щϼйϵ˻滨С
ӢҲ˵ͷ˵һ仰˲ңҲˣңұطˣ˭붯ӢܼŵԽǾٿˡġ
ѩõдϰ˹ôʲôҲˡ
Ӣָ֪ȻǳѪɱ֣óѪɱԸһЩʡĺڵɱţˣҴĿǰ˵ûֵҪĵز
ѩҡͷЦѩã㲻òˣԼ֪ô졣
˵⻰첽߳˰칫ҡͣȥˡ
˹˹СһСʱ֮ŵǸӪ⡣
Ǹƹͣ˳ߵϴεǼݣȴѾˣպհ³ûе
ӢܣæվֵӦýֵأǸýܲá
Ӣֵ硣ʲôܲãתߡ
ʱЦðҾ֪㲻Ǯ͸߸˯˵غӡãһǽֵܺˡ
Цֵܣ˵ʵڻǰڵϼ㣬һ벻ȻǸϰ壬벻ͨôᵱϼŵر
Ӣܾ֪Ҫ⣬ҲԸұ˰㣬ȻɥʧһЩвŵϼţѾȫָˡ
˵ͷЩҲʣֵֵܣҿЩýﱨ˵ϼǸ˾ǩԼʽӲİ˹˲Щһû˵˭ҵϼеӣ
ӢһЦϼôǿҵӲһô̳Ϸһҵһ鷳¡
ʲô鷳£
ӢܵһЩåܵҵĹ˾һЩˡ
һ㻳ɵģ
Ӣҡҡͷⲻɵأôɣǵ˾Ѳ˹ϵ
˵ϼںڰǳԵÿϼţͱѣЩڵϵȻҪѰ¡
ӢܵҾҪˡ
˵ţȴһպհ³Ѿ˽Ӣġ
Ӣܼպհ³ɫƺѾŮıʹʱѳҲˡ
պհ³Ӧû֪ӢڵݣЦպհ³Щһûô뱨ֽɡ
պհ³Ȼʵ⣬Ҳһ㶵ҴͲϲ뱨ֽ
ҸܽܣӢܿǸ˲شϰ壬ӢܴϵϿϼŵûҪ׳ۣȥΪ˲һʱʧȥ˼䡣
⻰һպհ³ӢȥȴԼ΢Цŵ˵ͷ
Ȼպհ³û¶ʲô飬ֻǵӢܣ˵ɣʲô£
Ӣܾϲˬֱܼ򵥣ҵıȻЩеӵغӽξѵǵѵӦǿϼţ˲ҪǶ࣬һҪϼŵĸߣнˮû⡣
պհ³һΪһ᲻Ӧ㡣
Ӣ΢ЦŵΪһǮĴϰ壬δػӦΪѣ㲻ܾ
պհ³Ҳ¶ЦݣҲû˵ʲôѾź˾ƣȥ򿪣ĵӢһԼһ£Ȼŵʱ䣬ҵԭϸȥغúܶ࣬඼뵽ֻҪĵĶǺãǻǳҳϵġ
Ӣ˵ԭϵĺӷǳı뺷ͣپѵΪһ֧ǺڵϵʲôģĻӢܼҲ㹻ʵӦˡ
¸պհ³ԼƵãһΪպհ³ҵҴЩѪԵĺú
պհ³ɣӢֵƵݵϵ磬ѵ¾͹ˡ
ãֵܣȻ㿴ңľһһ֧ʵĺöЩڵϵˣҲҴǹ˾⡣
ӢҲһ
Ҳû̫ԣֻʹʹĺžƣһֻ֮Ŷĸ飬ڸԵš
پһֱСʱȻǳӢպհ³ҪһЩͨѽЩ״ΣӢܼˣͲպհ³ƹݣʱĽŲҲЩ鸡ˡ
ҲǸҪǿˣŲҪӢܷԼҡҡλεӪȥӢܾͿųպհ³סݣٱ֮ʱպհ³û˵ʲôӢ֪Ǹŵĺӣ˵֮ڻ;ʧԵġ
ӢȻصıûѩҲˣ˸ķòͣӢֻܻ
ӢܸһͨιӢܣ
ӢſǻڸԼ绰ƺʲôίһæᣬô˵ʲô£
ĿȻŵҸңܳˣûطȥҡ
ӢҲû룬͵úãϸϹ
·ĻӰԺſڡ
Ӣ֪ܵˣᣬҲȥҳˣϵ
˵ŷŻֻվ
ѩѾӢܵĶԻ֪ԭ򣬸ϽӢܣҪҪһȥ
Ӣҡҡͷãžˣȥ
˵⻰ѾҴҵ߳·ȥ
һ·ӴżУֻСʱ͵·ĻӰԺԶԶľͼվھԺĴſڡ
Ӣæͣ˳ȥ
ʱҲӢܣ¶ϲɫСӭȦﻹ΢΢Щ죬Ӣܣɵˡ


 100 δϹ
Ӣƣƺû˸ᣬlôܳģô
ʵҾͺˣʱ֪ܳһߣûзϣҽҪɢĳԷ˦ҵˣԼ˸ʿܵŸĵ绰
˵ӢܵӢܣȵȥ˵
Ӣ֪Ҳֻˣ˵ͷ˳Լıȥ
˱Ӣ˳ʱѾָɫΧĻ˿ӢܣȻûҼҴ󣬵Ҳ㲻ˡ
˵ŻѩѾӭ˳΢ЦŶС㣬ӭӭһŰɣȥѾԸʦ׼˼òˡ
ѩҲ֣ɫʱһ䣬Ӣܣĵ˽˹ʣȻ˽˹ʣʵأӢܣ޸ǳ
ӢĿеСŮƽֻ̫࣬ЦЦҲֻͣȥԷ˾Ͳóˡ
ش𣬺һҳԡ
ӢЩζҲӿֳֵĸоͷðɣԾǡ
˵˷ϹȻѾ»˲ˣҲǶˡӾͳӢܱԱѩǸ˼ɵĹ֪Լһֵ⣬Ҳﰤİ۶ȥˡ
ûãͳ˷ӢȲ衣Աߵɳϡ
ỹʣ͵Ӣܣʵܲרˡұúõĺ̸һ̸һᵽ㣬˵㲻Ǻˣǳأ˵Һ档ǵ绰ҲܴҵȻˣͺԽԽҲҶִңҾͺƴˡ
Ӣ֪ԼѾ˺ǿؽġָоҲûдԼȷǳϼģЩȻܸ˵ֻǵᣬˣҲΪãûʲôڡ㵹ǸϺˣ˵ôĻ㻹˵
ӢܵΪˣЩܹ硭
˵ֻ
ӢͳһʾĺϤʱԼǸ绰һͨˡ
ȻûмǴֻȷģӢܸաιһʹúԵģǲܵȥˣ˵ĻͲҪѡ
Ӣĵ̹ûбҪ˵ٻǣղǸҴһ绰ҽˡ
ʱѾӢֻܵе㣬ҾϲӢǲȥģ˵ʲôҲûá
ȻҲõĻŭˣֻӢֻᣬͲҪҶˣһŮӣԵʲôĵϸ֪
ôҶˣҾϲӢܴһرˣڼֻѵңУֻˣܵʲôϸǻˡ
ʱȻڴᣬҺúõţԵľһΣ㲻Ҫɵ
ѾһᣬãҾ͸㣬ϲӢܣѾ͵͵ѾѾһˣ۸ңԼĸԸģδϹٴһЩͼ޸˰ɡ
û˵˺һ󣬲þѹ͵Լ˵ʲô𣬸ղ˵ǲǣ֪ƢһԲԣ
ŵںԼСһҪϸղ˵ĶǼٻתһ룬ӢԼѾʵϵĹϵԼӢܵؽ˵δһ£ҲһĽڣȻӢܣʱһãҲֻͬʵǿɲͦõô
һˣʱҲŵ磬Բ𣬵ʱһʱͿһܹӢܣӦҪģԲҵ£ͷĺˣҾʱסӢ
⻰һҲֻ֪Ƕ˵ɫΣֻᡣ̫ʧˡ
˵ѾҶ˵绰
ӢҲû뵽ᡰѪˡȻԼʮŮ˹ϵ콵ɼַŲֻȥͣҾԼͣҲδؿţȵһֻۺݺݵĵ
Ҳ֪Լ˵˵ԡȥӢܵ񣬴ͷԼָŵӢܣңˣֻŲᷴҸһҲûӵطӡ
ӢʱҲǿЦáѾˣ۵Ů˵ʲô
ʱȴָ˵Լĸ첲ιӢܣӦáӦ֪˰ɡ
Ӣ֪ܵʲô
ʱ̧ͷ¸ҵ֪ϲ㰡
Ӣܾ˵ĻһŮӼң˵ʲôϲϲģǵ㳤˵ɡ
˭֪˵֮󣬸¶˾ĽҪӢһѾûʲô˼ɣҲɫѲѿ־סĸ첲¶Ц˭˵˵ˣٳ꣬һϲأǾδϹˣ˭Ҳȥ
˵⻰۾¥һۡ
Ӣ벻ʮŮ˴󵨣һʱҲ޿κΣԽԽ˵ˣᣬҲˣ¥пͷҴȥϢ
԰վվ
ֲûɿĥȥһ˯ȥһòã
ӢܵôУȥ⣬ûжķ䣬Ҫ䶾ȻһԼ˯ˡ
뵽ӢϺпܻǸƯѩͬܲС˰ϣҲ˯㵽Ҿ͸ӢܣҺ͸糳˼ܣܵúܣҰɣ˽˵ʲôʲôҹԹ
Ӣһ䵹Ƕģʱ˳ɣʱȴЩ˷˼оܹǵȻò£ԼһŴ˯˼£Ҳںһ죬̾˿˵ͷãҾ㣬Լ˵ĻҪסٸҵ
ӢܴӦʱЦãã˵һĻȻڹ˵
Ӣܾʹ¥ϵһͷͷزҲѩþƹģǳľŽ࣬ˡҲ⡣
ӢܼʲôҲûдȵȣȥ˯¡
æǲѩõģҿɲҪ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȥԼңѩڵ㽫Ҫ¸˵ˡ
ѩȻͬңҲ¶˲𾪣ȥӢܵ£Ҫ˯£ȥһµҳһȫµĺɫ˿ڿ㡣
ӢҲ˵ʲôԼ˯£ڵĿͷȥ
µ˯ڿͽԡȥˡ
˺һ󣬲żɢ㷢ᴩЩɫ˯£ѩ׵˳µ٣֬ļɢĴ㣬һɽƮݶСŮһ㡣
ӢܼᣬҲһ⵹ջ󣬶ǶһͣϾ˵ɫҲδǲֿܷġ
ܿ˴ӢԼҲȥϴˣϴԡϣϰҪŶ̿˯ģһ𣬲ܲע⣬㴩˯¡
˴ϣӢҪһ˯
Ȼȥͷ׼Ľ£ȴղŻ۵һۣץסһԵͷӢܣͺһͷ˯Ҳֿ
Ӣܵˣһ˯Ǳߺˡ
ȻЦιӢܣǲ¡Լѳֲס۸ҡ
Ӣܵһ۵СŮӣٺ˵
ʱϵԼߣʲô˵Ҹ˵ĶģδϹ϶ˣɱҵߣϹͦãҽô㣬ñ֪⡣
ӦŮӣ治ӢܵǿҲΪֻһʱʺͲˣſδɳ죬ֻһöƻŮʲô£ıѣô֣ԼֻԲӦǡ


 101 1
ҵӢԼıѣ¶˵Цݣǲ˵ģһ£ֻ֪ԼмˣϲˣֻܸԼ̼밲ȫָоңϣԼۡ
뵽ӢǼĬĬԼ˺ҧıԼ龰оЩʪʪģĿ˹ȥιϹҧٸҿһ¡
ӢĽԼϹˣǿЦãҪ䣬»˵˻ֻգ뷴ˣȻ˯㽫˯¶˱ҧЩӡЩӡ͸ɰˣź⣬ȫɼ
ĿЩָۣĸţϹʹʹ
⻰˸飬һСһ㡣
ӢҡҡͷͲʹˣʲô
̧ͷЩȻͷȥԼһţԲǶԲ𣬹ȥ̫ˣϹһԹĺŮӣҡ
ӢڿϹϹġɫ졣ƺɫˡæ˭˵㲻ǸŮȥֻһʱͿˣãԽԽģڿ˯ɡ
㱧˯
Ӣ̾һúãұ˯˰ɡ
ӣЦ⻹ࡣ
ž˱ѳӢҲ˯ȥ־ͱסᣬֻӽϸѩЩ飬ȴЩϸ
ᱻӢܱڻСȴʼһġ顱ͣʵԴӸ˵Щ󣬹ȥʵضȻȷȴеޱȵɡӺִֺܹŮӣŮС
ǷǿҵأȻѾ϶Ӣܣһһ˵Ůӵ˴ѧǴŮ˿Ѿ׼˷Լδ˿ѹĽأ֤ԼİʮʵʲôģͲԼȲӱ
ӢܱᣬȻ˯£ȫԸоļŮصķһϮ˶
˵ʵӢ˵һ޴ؿ飬һҪˣһСŮҪ˵ģԼƭԼ
ȻӢܺͨȴзǳͬĵطǾѵԿһ鵫ȴεˣһɬƻǲûȫ죬֪ԼʲôԼôΪһʱȥһҸ
ɴʱ֪ߵغѾ飬ӳӢԽԽǿ﷢˼ٵĺ֮
ҪӢܵˣʱѾ͸˯ظоǰȻûгͣҲǷɻͦеϰĥţѪҺʱǼ߸ǲɱİ׶
ӢܵϣҲоԵı仯ȻûۼҲԲ뵽ʲôлЩ£Ӳһ
Ӣ֪ԼҲܱסˣŮʵڲܱ֤Լ־ܹƶãɿᣬú˯ɣҾˣֻ˯
ʱѾ죬ԴӾ쵽ӢӲ£Ҳʼη壬Ӣܷ֣ҲĪЩȥҵ
Ӣܡšһ֣סֻ֣ۻһ㡣
оԼֱӢܿһ̤ʵȫֻʮ꣬ϵĺ쳱ܿȥҲˣͷƫӢܵҼߣûһͳ˯ˣӢܾͲˣȫѪڣ˼ĺð˯
˵ڶһ磬Ӣ𴲵ʱỹûѣֵ뿪ˣһ£ȴѩҲѾ˴վ̨Զ
ӢܽѩʲôҲûãֻǸһɫϣĬĬϵ
Ӣ֪ѩʲôԼйŮĹһң˭Ҫʲô£ҲԸʲô͡
ͣӢܷԸӶҪ̣ǧѩߵ棬׼˾ȥ
Ȼ˲ƺϣ洫һ죬ӢܾԼߣѩõѩãϿݡ
һ˵ţһȥ͸˵ķ϶ȴʮСͣ棬ӳʮӣС
Ӣ֪ǳģвһȻǲڵӣʼҵŮãʵҲ⣬ֻ᲻ߵġ
ţôˣҲжʱҪ绰
ӢȴֹǣŴ򿪡
Щɫ϶һ׺ݵӣ߲ƣӢܻпţΪԼĶ⣬һϰ壬Щ˿򵥣ǿɲܿŰ
Ӣܳظһո񡣡
ȻΥ˵ŤžͻĴˡ
Ӣܸ֣˳ȥӭ΢Цŵܣʲô㴵ˣô
һɫĸ£ɫĵӢܣ۾ҪõͳɱԵģҼǲгǣ͸ǹĸɣҪã㾹Ȼ˱ᣬǲǵϴҸ˵ʲô˵ֻҪ㶯˱ᣬҾҪһӺڡ
ӢҲǸ߰ѪԵˣ˵ú˵˵ҪԼʵ׵ģһҪ˵ӣѾеŭһЦҪѵˡ
ȻЦЦ볰ŪԵģ˵ھѵʱֺܲӦģǲǣ
ӢܵǸ˵ҪǱҪңҲûôס
˵ͷȻ˵ȥҳ
ӢܼſţȺѾӿ˽ȴһߣɫһ䣬Ҫֹ
Ȼʱȴǰ
ŷĿݣӢܵұǼʶģʱҲǳ𾪣ٴμҷѸݾԼҲ޷ﵽһݣ֪忡ȻԼ֪ңҲ滹֮
ԼƽУʱѾȥЩȥѰˣĬĬĶš


 102 2
ӢʱһȳֵӢܣһȭػȥžҪŲһƵѸĲûй̶ȭֻ֮С׼ݡҪֵһҪĲλֲŻǼʧȥ֮ҪҲ֮
Ӣû뵽鷢ˣһȭӳ֮ʱȰǰȻʧ
һӢܣ𣿡
Ӣܼ˼ĵ˵𾪣һ˲Ҳûô࣬ͷҲᣬһžȥ
ȻʱͷƮƮһȴ˭
ӢܣҡͷѾ¶ЦҲӳһƣ赭дƻӢߣһɾ޴ѾϮȥӢֻǰһʹѾȥصˤ˵ϣֻڴһۡһѾһѪǼһԶ
һУôһУõĳѪһɱ֣LɥӰͱˣֲֿӢϣԶŵġ
ʱֻһпһֱע涯ѩ÷˳ӢܵϣӢܣӢܣôˣҪҪϴ绰оȻ
ӢǰȥǰľʹƿѩãվĨĨǵѪݺ˵
ͷӢܣ㻹е֣ǰֻһֻϣһֻϣ㶮ҵˣûܹǵġãͱҪۡ
˵־
ѩּһӢܵĳʣģȴҺˣҪȫɱڣһܲģҾͲһ졣
ӢһѽѩһߡֻԼûдǹصһӵҲԴ˵üġ
ʱһŮ˵쵰㵽ʲô˭ģӢôˡ
䣬ͼἱææķɱӢǡǰȫѪϻϴһ̲Ҳ֪ΣʱܹȥͶؿڴţҺƴˡ
ֻһץס¶ʹ飬ѵôںˣҵֱңԻǳΣյģ㲻ְֹ֪ȥĳңԵģ˵֮һ̫Сˣ֪µնǧҪĵԹ޵۹˵ӢܶҺܺãǻˣһ˵⣬ϹҲס뺦һǣһǵģȻû󣬵Ҳģ
Ȼûֻ룬һôСһ⣬ϼŵӰͲ󡣡
ǣ㱾ǸСˣȥǣҲǣڱӢܡ
ʱһã˵ʲô춼ߣǾԵĺһġ
Ҳ¶˺ܼȻ飬ҧҺúõţӢѾϹǾңԶȥģҪǸǿдߣһȥɱthԡ
֪ԼõԸģƼʲô鶼óĬĬһ󣬲ŷſ֣϶ݣ૵Ϲ֪֪Լ˵ʲô֪֪Ŷ󣬾ȻϹ㱻˵Ļƭ̫ˣѰɡ
Ӣܴûлƭңʲô鶼ĸԸģһģûκεĹϵҵ²ҪܣȰѰְҵ˵
ҡͷ㻹˼ְ֣Ҫ֪ӣ֪жʹģ̫ǿˣҲ֪ôȰ㣬ãΪȻԸ⣬Ҳ޻˵·ԼѡģߣԼΪ֮
˵ǰӢܣ¶˺⣬ԵģҾͷŹ㣬Ǹһ棬ҷҵĳˣҵ⣬᳢ζġ
仰һѾ˳ȥЩæĸţһеĳˡ
ѩüӢˣҲ֪أϽȥҪȥҽԺ
ӢֻؿڻЩʹˣŹᣬ˵ʵʲô
ҲһڹҰְִģСͿʼѧˣҲ֪ʲô̶ȡ
Ӣܵô᣿
ʵְҲ̹ҵģֻҪܾõѹ;ԲѧְҲûǿңҽ浹ѧҼһƾͽһʯˣؾϧ˵ִһǳû취ϵһôҵġ
Ӣ뵽ϰ˵Ǹضһûʧ٣ǴһصĵطûгʱҲ˺ܴĺģ⿪ţῴǺ֪ģֻ뷨ˡ
ţѩѾųߣҲ
һҲҽԺӢܿһλջƵҽӢֻ˵ǰˣǻҽȥƬõȴعǱѣҲЩ΢ˣûʲô󰭣ԵҩϢӦûʲôˡ
겡ѩ˵ʲôҲӢȥ˾ڱúõϢ˾Լͺ뷽İţȻǼͬ
ӢšŮӦѩñ㽫Ӣͻ˱ӢܺţԼȥ˾ˡ
Ӣû뵽ǣԴˣᾹıһԹŮ˲ιҩԶ֣ԵϸĶһֱӢܵĴͷ죬Ǵһ㣬ӢܶʵǹĿ࿴
ڴϣӢȴڰķģһƣһһġ
ڱһֱʮ죬ʮʱӢܿûţÿ춼ڿйϼŵϣرǶԳееȤϼŵ֧ҲڣֻҪܹ߽⣬ϼҲֱַ֣֮йϼſľӪ˶ʮ꣬Ѿγйǿ磬ӵڶ೤ںḶ́˿Ҳγ˹̶ϰߣҪ̸ֺס
ʮӢο˼ȴȫȻ벻һԼָʲô壬ϼţѵļ᲻


 103 󵨵˼·1
˵ʮ죬ӢܾҪȥ˾ˣ뿪ʼƶµжƻһ˾ĺԳɴ
ЩһֱӢסһݣ˯һȻ᲻Ӣȥ˾ģ֪ǸҵĺصˣԼҪȥҪģܲԸĴ˱ӢȴͥʦϰΣٹһ꣬͸ϴѧˡ
Ӣܼ˹˹ѩÿȴѩͣ΢ЦɵѩãЦʲô
ѩõӢܣǸˣĻá
Ӣ˵⻰ʲô˼
ѩõϸĹ۲СˣǸδµŮӣӢܣ㲢ûǲǣ
ӢܵȷǸ˵ģСŮӣϹϹҽУǲ¡
ѩ΢ЦӢܣ˽Ůӣôʵܶģҿóȷϲ㡣
ӢܵŶ㲻ϲӦЩмĳɷݰɣҰһæ
ѩҡҡͷӢܣҵ۹⡣ǸмŮ˶˵ϲӦýа
Ӣͷˣˣˣ˵ЩҲ
ѩעҲŻ˵ǸرõˣôҼҲϲ㣬ܹһ䴲ϲȥǺġӢܣûоԼǳġ
Ӣ治ЩˣȻͷѩһ۵ѩã֪֪Щһֱһͷ
ѩõʲôͷ
ӢܵǾܵ
ѩ˼϶ʱϼߵò˵ˡ
Ӣܼ⸶ɬӣȥһ£ʵղ˵ĵʵһƯŮ˯һ䴲϶ҪԼȥ˯ڻһǱ÷ţüξͲҪܵѩõĴйһй𣬵ʼһӵˣЩΡա
ûã˾͵˹˾ӢټġѩСᡣ
˸£Ӣܻû˵ɵܣϰҴ绰ˡ˵Ƕıַǳ⣬ҪǧҪ˾ûĳֻһռӣ㻹Ҫ񡣡
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֪ˣϰ˵öԡӢܼŲûǶľҪЧҲҪһϡ
˵ֵǰЩ˵һ£С㣬㸺尲ţ˵
ӢˣѩúõϢټһֱϵµʱӢܷʣǣЩ칫˾˵չƻǲԤϵһģһ๫˾ϼŵ⣬Ȥ˲̸Ŀֻܶ࣬ǷǳʱûУѾǺܺõĿˡ
ӢܡšһȻŷĵʣǱأϼʲôûУ
æͷУС
Ӣһ˵˵
ĵܣĽ䱸Ѿǿˣȥȥ˾ģЩȥ˺üΣЩǩԼԱ˷˾ܾ粴ֹͣβеһߺǩµĺͬ˵ǺͬĳȻˣԲ˭ۣΥԼ𽫷ǳľˡ
ӢܵһЦΪһļƻҪҵˡ
ĵͷӦǣҲǸ˲ţǳУҲµòѾԤеǹ˾ǳȥģԲſʼǿ˾عҲܼ򵥣й޷еöģһĿͻ˾ҪһǽǶ˾Ҳ޷֣ϼŵҵǱǴҲ޹ؽҪˡ
Ӣ֪ܵˣ⻹ʲôûУ
ĵľûʲôˣܣйڵľӪԽԽãԽԽ࣬ȥǳԻ͵ЩʴͳжڼѶգҵһλ곬ҲʼԲˣҵһλ˵ϸ£ĳЩе곬Ѿָǲŵйʱҵȫǲͬն
ѩҲҲ˽һЩЩʵشͳйȥܹ֮йѸţΪкƵ۾鼰걸Ĺйгָûһܹǿ⣬ƶ˷ǳ̵ĺͬȫľӪնת޸˹Ӧ̣йĹӦ̼ȷУйеֲհסʱƶ˸ù̽ܵĺͬ˹̸йеĹ۸ҲͣټϹģСЩʳеص棬һʼ˲ٹ˿͡ټйͬ¸Ը⵽̳ƷγһԵҵѭܿǿˣҪ֪Ƿǳ΢ģʵ㲻Ͷ̫ʽΪ̵Ļڣټƽʱ볡ѡѡʱĶͷѣ˵н輦ڵʱ˵һǳõķչסˣڣҪ׷Ǽס
ӢܳĬѩ뵽ϰ彫һɹʼؼƻȥû̽ӢܣʵǿѣǴϰԼԳֻ½Ҳһһ壬һ⡣ҪпҪʮʱ𽥻ۣһ͵ģҲΪί
ʱֵˣܣϼûʲô£ʡǵ̽絹һ¡
Ӣܵʲô£
ĵʡǵıһƬءȥһЩϾɵĴ͹Ҫ޽µҵסլȫб꣬ʵ̫ˣҪʽ𽫴þˣܳҵ٣ϼŻ֮һĿǿ϶ܹ׬Ǯҹƴȫ޽ϵȣҪʱ䣬ܣ㵹ǿԿǿǣϰ˵˵ȱæԸϼţǼʽĿһǰ;
Ӣж˶˵ͷţ֪ˣһῼǵģǻбûУûУǾɢᡣ
ɱ˳ȥӢźɵıӰȴһ̾˳˶ԴϰҳϣҵûʲôãĿǰ˵ԼӢܼţֻѩ뷽ܹЩ£ⴱΰֿյӢܴö˵һ̣ҪܹԸȥɱͳҲͷʹ
ѩûߣ΢΢ü˼Ҳܣߵѩ׵֣̫ѨϰĦţӢܣǲǸеѹܴ󣬱ԼҪ̫ˣϰֻҲֻһԣҪɣһͻˣıӦġ
ӢܴʱȷƶһļƻеãϼžһӲľʯԼһҲҲֵĵطʹƴô򣬵ҲЩʯмʯԶš
뵽Ǹ߰ŵ飬Ӣܾȭͷһ׷ˣǣϼžҲһʯҲҪҵһȥʿûвܵ飬ֻȥѰ񸫡
ʱ˼˷ĵĻ˵òݻϼţоʽȥһȫµĿȻҪһЩʱ䣬ӹ˾Ҳʧһߣϣϰܹͬ⡣
һЩӢܺȻվѩãߣϷģǵǿȥ
ѩʵҲþĿǰ˵ĿǱȽʵʵģӦһȥ˷ģӢԿų򱱽ȥ
ƬԶȷǺܴ󣬷Բ߹ϣЩ˵Ѿ˵ĳȺ
ָЩܣʵЩȥҲͦģÿٶǧϣֻʱĽԽԽЧԽԽټϺҵƸĸҪЩ˽ˣе˽ҵֶûȤҲ޷ٸӴ֧ù˸ڣЩҲķ˭ҪǾأЩɷȻҪġ
Ӣܿųݺύ·ϴţĬĬЩĳģĹƣͶʽܽõ
ĵԤƹˣõؿȨٶҪٶڣŽʽҲϣͶ굽ɳȣȻʽӦʮңʮ֮ǵõͻܾ޴ģã˵ᳬ
Ӣܵ˵ҪڣҲ֪ϰܲõóУо޴棬ϼžԹ۵ġ
ĵ˵ͷϼһμӾ꣬˭Ҫʽóǳѡ
ӢܵŶϼҲô
ЦЦ֪ϼŵĵϸŵʵйȷ޿ɱ⣬Щҵս̫Ŀ̫̫ңټÿһǮҵֽܹûôۺ񣬲ƬصǮӦûõóģֻҪӰһЩ
ӢˣһȻͣ˳ϣƺ˼ʲô


 104 󵨵˼·2
һӢܵ۾ˣȴʲôҲû˵ֻǼųתƣѩ뷽ļƺӣûȥʡ
һתȥСʱӢϸĽƬ鿴ȻʵģҪеļвУ
ܣʲô˼ЩûʲôðŹļ۸Щó˵豸ҲҪһ𣬶Ҫǽֻϵ۸Ҫһ룬ƺȥ׻ЩǮɡ
ӢܺȻײ׻Ǯϰ彻£ֻ㣬ҪڶϱƬ۵ĵطһҲò̫󣬻š
ӢܵĿˣﻹеʣæУʲôģֻҪǿϻǮ뷨һЩԱ߶߶һš
ӢܵǺãģ⼸Ͽȥ£ǧܵ飬ûСУȥ죬˵ǼҪһҪ¶𣿡
ĸϽӦš
ӢҲٶ˵㿪ųصӢܴã÷ʼϵ
Ӣܵİ칫ҡѩҲ̲סˣܣǲûأƺףǼأõ򹤳ǮЩûõĻ¥ٻȷϵض屶ҪǽȥҲܹǿˣ˼꣬ؽпҲǺܲǵİ
ӢʱȻ¶˷ǳܵЦݣȥţȻһɳϵѩãҲǻϼŵĻѾˡ
ѩһ㶣ظһϼšӢܣû˵ɣϼôöԸģܹʮЩɼѾ˲ˡ
ӢҡͷᲢʱ䳤ʱܾģܲҵҰסڻҲѾˡѩǳؼᶨһ˵Ҫ˾ǩԼһҲһ¶˾ϲЦݵʲôᣬӢܣ˵˵
Ӣܵ㻹ǲǵý췽ĸ˵Щʲô£ϸĻ䡣
ѩ˼ŵһʼǿӰĻý˾عڶйԽԽ¾׼Ƭó
ӢЦŵ˵ͷ£ѩã㿴ûϵ
ѩϸϸһϵϼйأҲûʲôʲô᣿
ӢֻܵһһĿЩ£ȻҲᣬ´һǱһĻᡣ
ѩôʱԽԽȤˣӢܣͿ˵ɣ벻ء
ӢܵͷãҾͽղڳϵ뷨˵˵˼һ¿ɲУ
˶ٵҪ˵»Ҫ˵˵ϼҪõصĿȨҪôʽ𣬻Ӱ쵽ŵʽԲԣ
ѩõ֪ϼŵĵϸĻд
ӢֵĿϼŲĻʴ󲻴󣿡
ѩǳ󣬼ǰٷ֮һ٣ϼŵĴӪĿǸǳѵõĺûᣬǾŹġ
ӢܵǾ˵ҪĿӰ쵽ŵʽˡ
ѩõȻᣬϼʵǿĿĻ˭󡣡
Ӣһٷ˵Ľĵڶ£˵ЩʳоӪöǳˣǲǣ
ѩõͷҲʵʵЩеؾӪѣҲδȫйɵģڸУרҵģװѸٵ߷ټйб׽Уͬ۸ȻҪйȥʳеȻˡ
˵ֵоṇ̀ǶԳӰҲǳ󣬾֪й빩̵غǷǳõģϿԹ̷ǳԸйкṩļ۸Ҳ͡
ӢܵҲйѾγһǳԵҵйṩͼ۵Ʒߵõ̶ȵʵݡЩʢӰ쵽˹̣ǶйԽԽģԽԽ᲻ֹͣͻø֧֣ĻȥάйеĹϵйоͻԽԽ𡣡
ѩõͷܣԳеľӪҲЩ˽ˣоһֻ˸ѩ̿ϾҶˡĵֻʽȫ
Ӣܵô˵ȥ곬Ҳ֧ˡ
ѩֵͷܣ곬Ȼҵͷش󹩻̶ǩͬЩƷҲֻռеİٷ֮ĻҪұصḶ́ʽϽ곬Ǿûأֻй⼸һֱʶ곬УΧ꣬ƷļλҪ곬У곬Ŀǰʹһֺܱľ档
Ӣܵѩã˵ȥ̸̸ܲǽתң˵ǻ᲻Ȥ
ѩһһɴ۾ʲôչ꣬Ӣܡ㲻ǿЦɡ
ӢܺѩãҾǿЦ͸˵ûоԵ£ֻҪܲܰסᣬûеȥҵһ¾ͻúϵϰ壬뷨̸̸ɲԸʾ޶ʽҪʱϼţΨһĻˡ
ѩû˵뷨̫أ̫ˣȫ𾪲ѣһŵӢܣûУǴϰҲܹóôǮܲԸ⽫йгתǣǾͱǵľӪķǳˣҲʲôϣǶ۵ؾ飬ҶҪȥóȻУûû֣ͻһֵɽ󣬷ǳ鷳ֻҪϰǮ⣬𣿴ϰð𣿡
ӢܵѩãĹ˼ҲûпǹδôأȣҲԴйеӣ룬йô꣬ȻһʧˣйĳУһߣ᲻棬᲻ȥ
ѩõͷһᣬе˶ȥġ
ӢܵͶˣҪӰ죬곬ѾǰڵĹòô³ôµģ˵ֵ⣬ҲõģĴ󲿷ֹ빤ԱйˣȻ᳷ߣһ֣ͻʡġ
ѩõ˶кĵģȷ⣬϶ᳬйУӢܣҵĵǣôסЩˣǳΪ̶˿ͣˣйżΪǿȶḶֻ́ڹ۸ϣҪԿصеĸޣֻҪһʩѹЩпܲǺ껹磬ӢܣһҪ˼С


 105 󵨵˼·3
ӢѩöԼļƻûģ ˵һҶ֪Ϊ֪ҲŻѡʱ֣ôʵʽȥ޽ôһӰ쵽ϼʽйҲܱ⣬Ҳ˵Щ̺쵽ǮǶϼŵܻЩӰ졣
ѩҡͷӢܣûãҪ˱꣬ǿصĿȨЩ˵ʽҪռһʱ䣬ҲϼʧȥĵģΪ˭֪ΪĳԶ滮׬ģϼŵѣҲֻʱģûһ̻ϼռԼʽ飬
ӢܺȻЦ˾޿꣬Ŀô˳أ
ѩõǵǻЩֻ̿ţӦ֪йڰϵҪЧֻºѡ
ӢܵҲδأѩã֪ΪʲôҪ÷ȥĹ𣿡
ѩҲǸŮӣӢܵӣ˼һʱڸһЩЩȻҲǣҪǵĿȨҪءǲ޷ҵòײ࣬ĵزʵеġֵֻصĶΪ׬һʱû˻һֱвӢܣǴ𣿡
Ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ⣬Ի벻˻򹤳ǮһСֵһԶ
ѩѾ˼·÷ĲҪԳ棬ȥ򡣾
Ӣܵɵϣھ֮ǰһὫһƬصһ϶ĵ̸ص飬ԱȻ÷ĵλԸӣֻǼ۸ҪøһЩǧҪκεģǩЭ֮ĶҪһýŲǩʽͬĴ󵨵ĽʽͶٷأһһֲ
ѩôʱȫͨļƻ¶ϲɫʴͶ鷳ٶЩƱЩϼźұռʽĹ̸еֻţȥһϼţһ˼飬ʱǽ곬УܹܺõǰڲǾͻΪǵѡĿ꣬Զͱһ̻ϰ彻ǿڶʱ֮ɡ
˵⻰Ӣֱܵǳ˳ݣ˵뷨ôĴ󵨣˼·ȴʵԣһǰ뷨չϼȻϷֱ߽⣬һԪˣӢܼҲ漣Ĵй̽ǿһսԼƻûޱȵǣ벻ġ
ѩôʱȻԺԼ˵أôһ޷ˣôһûκܹѵˣļƻܷǳðգпܻ޷ԽѣǾȷģ٣ҲԼĿе
ӢܲûжѩóԵ񣬶ǼƻҪһûκεĽģһǧܱ¶ǵʵͼͻǰǷҪӰĻý˾Ǿ͸ջɳ²֣ѩãǾ齨ֹ˾ҪһЩɼͺѻµļƻֻҪʽ𾺱ǾͿԳˡ
ѩõ˵ͷ֪ˣӢܣȥǹ˾ˣǾƫƫôڳһϼҵƣע⡣
Ӣܵãѩãȥһݷչֹ˾Ĳݰ˾־ͽӢӰĻý˾һ֮ڹƳҪƻϰ㱨һ£һ
һ˵ţһߵ绰ͨ˺ɣɣ㵽ҵİ칫һ¡
ѩóȥûжãɾ˽ܣʲô𣿡
Ӣܵɣϸϵϰ壬ҪͨһжƻҪ㱨
æ˵ͷóֻͨһ绰ȻϰӢ˵һжƻҪ㱨
Ǵϰ岢ûӢͨ˹һ󣬺ɲŽֻøӢܡ
Ӣܡιһϰ𣿡
ֻһ˴һֵҡ
Ӣһ֪ϰ˱Ҳ죬ϰ壬ҳһƻ㱨һ¡
Ǵϰã˵
Ӣܾͽѩ˵Ļϰظһ飬ֻλ˵ϸ࣬һСʱŽԼ˼·ϰ˵ꡣ
ϰ֮Ҳûشƺ˼ӢܼƻĿԣԼʮ֮󣬲ֻһ˴ϰܺãӢܣ뷨ǳãȷһϼŵĻᣬȻ£Ҿȫ֧㣬ʽģκ⣬ֻԳɹĹһʲʵϵҲֵ˶ǮֻҪȥ̸ҿһ֧Ҫע̸еķʽöԷۣУһбܽУκεķ紵ݶľλǳѵã㲻Ҫ˷ˣһҪҪҪ㣬ɱһǲʧġ
ӢҲû뵽ϰȻ˵֧ԼҲǸˣǣ֪ˣġ
Ǵϰ塰šһ֪ͺãʱһ׼ʽҪʱú֪ͨҡ
ʱȴǴϰֵӢܣ˵סˣǲǣ
Ӣ֪סϰ壬ô£ҵѣ죬͵ʱסһ¡
ϰֵ˵֪ᳳ죬Ϊ㣬Բԣ
Ӣʵʵ˵ΪңѾ˷ǳǿĽģҵĽҲұоġ
ϰֵӢܣңŮô
Ӣܲ˼ĵǸܲŮӣֻǹȥմȾһЩϰߣѾĹˡ
˵ȴһϰ弫пܹȥгᵽᣬ᲻ԼԼ治֪ôˡ
ϰ˵ǻ˯һˣôûУ
ӢܵûҺ֮仹ûʲô
ǴϰӢܣҲңҵСѾͷ˼ܺãܺãܺãܺá
һЦţһ߾͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣֻܽ˺ɣԴϰЦʵ޷²⣬жλϰҲԽԽеأ治֪ʲôˣжʵֵ»жԼĹ˾ǵѶ˵ϰ󲻵ģȷ˰


 106 Ȧ1
֮ӢӰĻý˾ʽˣϰȷʵͨ׼Ҳⷽ˲ţѩò࣬ǹ¶ǼǮˣѧĶŴýӰӵרҵһƷɵĵݣһСĵӰٻʽֻǽûʲôܹͷƷӢӰĻý˾ĿǰȴӰˡ
ڹ˾ĵڶ죬ӢܾͽƷɽе˰칫ңһʮ꣬еģܾˣŨŨĺں룬ͦмʡ
ӢܺɳϣƷɣȦжˣ
ƷɵӶ鿪ʼ㣬Ѿʮˡ
ӢܵǱȽ˽ҵ˰ɡ
Ʒɵ˵ͷЩЦĵӦǷǳ
ӢܵӰĻý˾岻
ƷɵȦӣ˭˵֪˾ǿйȦһġ
ӢܵӢӰĻý˾ûпܳԽǣ
Ʒɲ˼ľ͵ȫпܡ
ӢĿǷǳĿ϶Ҳһ㶣벻˴ţҲͶԸ񣬱΢Цã˵˵Ϊʲôȫпܣ
ƷɵܣҲǿŴϰġ͵лЧұϰˣԲ˵ٻϻйȦȷǺܻҵģӰĻý˾Ǵںܶ⡣
Ӣǰ仰оһ񣬵ã˵ȥ
ƷֺܸмˣվҪ˵ȦǷǳӵģ⽡ġĿһ棬Ҳ˺ڰ࣬˶ԣҪȦ졣붮ȦǱ򣬷ôвŻ߶ôǵǱʡҲǻ첻ͷġ
ӢܵʲôǱ򣿡
ƷɵȦһֲҼҶڰصĹݵģʹ˺õؾ籾ҪȥҿϳǮϷƬˣⲻҪүү̣ƵģϾûмǮǶ籾ģļǳӰƱĴݣǸ㣬Ҫ㶮¡ЩŮʶǾͳԼˣҪһЩˡ
һ٣¶Ȼ֮ɫʵȦŮԱѵأƴǲסҪм;һǳŻȨĸ߽ǮȨȡϾ᣻Ǽ޸ǮˣϹͶӰƬԼǣԼԼ죻Ǽ޸ݣϹĲܽԼ죻ԼǸԱݼõû˵ʼѣԵֺãϺõҲпܻɹһƽŮûκγֻǻгΪǵ룬ҪȦΪһԱⲻһ׵飻Ҫ˵Ȧվȡɾһҵˡ
һ˵ôֵ࣬ܣкܶŮһ㶼ƯףʺõģевݼȦһ󣬾Ȧŵû塣ΪʲôܴһԭΪȱٱûеӰ˾Ƭ̡ԸھǡͨŮڸ߹󣬲ԸԼ꣬һӶɲǡʵǲпģܶŮҲûоֲ߱пʵ
˵һٵȻ˵ȦȫģΪȦҵҲڣֻȦʧȨǰɥʧԼκͽɫʧԽԽܣµġʮ꣬Լģѵ־ͱ֤һ㣺Ȧ˶Ըֹ¼ֲʱȦѾ컯ˡ
עƷɵĻʵȦ˵ģ߶׫ӢĬĬȻǾ˵ӰĻý˾ڲ⣬ô£
ƷɵӰĻý˾ʵǵǰйȦһӰǵܾ˵ϼŴʼ鸾⵹һŮˣµֶηǳֻϲԼϤˣĿǰ˾ļ߼ܣûʲô汾죬ȫƾŹϵȥģνᣬЩݾҲҪϵõƬģԱҪͽᵼݲλʵЩȻҲЩƬ볪ƬЩɼǶǮģйȦϾʵǽĻûУƬ˵ʹЩԱûʲôݼߵҲûʲôɫȫǴȻĳȻ׬ǮġܱǣǵشƬظ·ַȴܿնǳǵӾƣͣȥҰܵġ
˵ֵܣһûǮǲеءϰ岻ȱǹ˾ҪӰĻý˾ҪžЩǱҵݼʵĳһЩӰĴƬӾȻƬչֻҪгԹڵϲãųΪĲҪĸأǡܹ˾ģϾڲϵۣǲ񡣡
Ӣ뵽ԼȥӰĻý˾ʱԱʱǰǸʲôųйӰ̳С֮һĳǷȷЩ˶ģҼǵõʱҶٻҲ˵Ƿ峤ͨݼҲãϳùѪͷ˾ȴƬǵ͵Ψףгˡ
ʱӢܵƷɣ˼˵ǹ˾бӰĻý˾Ǿͻóɹ
Ʒɺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷǵġܣ˵ʵʵ˾ǰ·Ǿͻǰ֮ǳֻ֮ҪܹгˣټۺʽΪ֤˾ʱ䲻жá
Ӣܵã˵ǵһô죿
ƷɺԥĵˣһУҪģΪǼڳҪ˾ṩƽ̨ҲǺܵ͵ģӰĻý˾ˣȻЩҪҲǳߣǸܿʱǺ׹̭ģҪͣƾɳ£Ҫ볬Խ˾ͱԼһˣǽаװ죬ʾ˾ʵиԸ룬ټǿЩ˵ھѵܣһǾͿԻȥԽԽԶ
ӢܵǾ˵أ쿪ʼϵЩ̽˾ǸЩԱѵ
Ʒɵܣǹ˾ųûʲôԱЩǱлδؿЧ룬ҵһֳɵ·֪ԸԸߡ
ӢܺȻЦƷɣʲôֱӸ˵ҶһǺܲģӢӰĻý˾Ҫİɲߣʹˣǹ˾⽦ġ
ƷʵҲǸȦڻ˵ˣԸϲ⣬һֱӢܷǳ࣬ƺ׽ʱЦݣЩɳϣܣʵ˾ѵ಻ˣǲǵ⡣
ӢܵŶȥ𣿡
ƷɵȻȥȦڵȥģ˾ڲȻ⣬˱Ķ࣬һǱӰѧԺ޷ȵģҷһеԱмܳɫرһҶٻŮӣܣа취ðڹŮӺǵǱʣġ
Ӣû뵽Ҷٻ֣뵽Ե֮ҶٻҲûкϵҲһ̾ŶŮӺر𣿡
ƷɵͷҼΣҲרҵݣ൱Ư͸ҲµòӦúֳܿĶƺǷڸģǳˣڵԽԽԽԽܹﵽ־磬һûмܣǻǮһҪ£ŮӣֻҪһܷġ
Ӣ뵽ҶٻľȷһŮܵģ֪ôģ˳ȴеܸˣ΢ЦŵãҼˣ취ġ
Ʒɵܣ¿ҪץҶٻŮӣﶼܹ˵עֻ˵ǳִԸȥǱ˾ʶѹţѾڿʼƬˣɫݼ¶ͷ粻ע⣬ʱٶ־ѵöˣУסһҵŮҲһһ졣
Ӣ֪˵һ촺㣬ŮȻϲҶٻȷ÷ǳƯиʡ
һͷ֪ˣɣӰѵҲһλѵҾԼ̸̸
˵⻰ȴһ̾˵ЩȻҶٻװµӣóѾصŮӵģ治֪ԸԸټԼҶٻӦӢܹ˾Ҫƴ۵İԼоεŮӡ


 107 Ȧ2
Ӣ˵ʶӰѵصˣƷɶʱϲԭҲ棬ͺðöˣʵ˭ʺ˭ʲԱ֮ģֻҪȻٿ쿼죬ȻѡЩرڵĳЩΥԼҲֵõġ
ӢܵðɣҺλ̸֮һٺģƷɣӢӰĻý˾һȸţһ¹˾µЩԱǶǴϰ幩ģӦú׹ͨ
ƷɵܣɲУѧǵϵƬӿܻɣֹʵŪҲرŤ
ӢܵƷɣҲ֪ҹȥܲøȫմϱߣҲλˡ
Ʒֻ̾һ˵ͷðɣҾԣðɣϰʮ꣬ϧܵлҲֻΪƴ
˵⻰Ӣܸ˴ǣ˳ȥ
ӢܵһߣͳֻҶٻĺͨ
˺ܾãҶٻιһƺܲԸĵ绰
ӢܵҶٻڻѵ𣿡
Ҷٻĵڡ
ӢܵпԷǺþûмˡ
Ҷٻ˰ɡһҪ衣
ӢҶٻΪϴαԼܾҲ𣿡
ҶٻĬһŵǺðɣҡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
磬ۼҶٻ֮ԼˣӢܱ㿪˹˹Ӱȥ˾ѵҶٻ
˻أԼ˰СʱżҶٻ촺˳
ԶԶؼڳϵӢܣ촺ЦȻС˹ȵӢܵǰȿɵ˹˹ȻЩЦĵӢܣ벻ͷȻôʱ䣬ķͷǳ˰ŪǶҸ绰ˡ
촺ҲǰĴϰƲЩС
ӢܶʱЦɱô˵ʲôϰ岻ϰģǻ͹ȥһѣһ𿪿ĵ
ʱҶٻŵӢܵǰǣ촺㡣ǿɱӢ˿ǮúܣҪôֻܿڡ
촺㱾ͶӢܺǶģ֪ݣȻȲҲǼеʯˡǰֵ̫ʧ˷Щŵװľ˼
촺ǵ˼ǿߡһãǾȥ̫һʾ¥˵ǵһĻȥԡ
ӢȻû˷򣬾ȥڳﴩ˴Լʮӣ͵̫һʾ¥ŮӦкǵ˶¥һż䡣
ҶٻҲŮӦ˲˵רߡüص㣬ӢûڴϰнˮһжǹѣȻһüͷ
һغʾˣ촺ǳԵ˹˹ģһнӣҶٻȴʲôҲˣֻܶݺݵιŮʵڴྶͥ
һӢܵӢܣ˵ҲһӢӰĻý˾ǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ£ոճģҪǰæ
촺ǰæǶЩûСɫֻûʲô԰ĵطӢܣǶԲסˡ
ҶٻˣʲôҲû˵ֻǲͣĳš
ӢҶٻӣԼҪһԼģ촺ЦЦ촺㣬ǣ˾ô
ҡҡͷ̫ˣϵϣƨϣʵ˺ѳͷ
촺ʧʧҲûа취˭˾ȦӰأҶڵŻᣬֻҪһ㲻춼С
ӢܵǾӢӰĻý˾ǰΣ
Ӣܣ벻ʵ
Ӣֻܵʵ
ѵЩеʦ۹˵ӢܼȫǸռӣҺʶϼţƺǽϾǶЦ㣬˵Ǽ̳һʵŲǮûȥĽϼŵǿ󣬲ŻϼŶʩЧ򭣬˾Ǽ£ܴ˴Żҵֹ֣˾Ǿģֻ·һ
ӢӰĻý˾ȫӢ֮ܵƣעֱϼŵжȻҪȻҪñ棬ԽԽãľܹӰĻ˾Ǿһˡ
ĻӢ΢΢һЦ·һֻ֪֮һ£ǵ
ֱˬ˵ɣӢܣȻ˵ѣܹæģһ
ӢܵͷãҸžͻƬһЩԱס棬ȾҵĹ˾֪ԸԸ⣿
촺һ϶ʱԥҪ֪ĿǰȻûͷѵصԱлģҲȦνǱֻѵʱδûҪȥѰһʱ򣬲δĻỹǲãģҪǱ˾Թ˾ȦӰȻ⵽ɱӢ˵ǲ˾ķչʵ˵ǰӦԼ˵;ֻ´ӽԺͻˡ
ӢʵǸ˼ܵˣһ촺ɫʲôһЦôĵǹ˾
ӢܣʵҲ֪ģǲ㣬Ҫǹʵ̫ˣǵ룬ͺпҲûа취ʵˡ
ӢܵµȻҪĸԸǣһ
촺ΪʲôӢܣҪ˵ǣǾ㡣
ӢбƳһҶٻҲѾֹͣòͣĬĬԼ˵һҼȻҳӢӰĻý˾Ȼе׵ģЩʦ˵ģǮûȥҿ͸¶ǹ˾׼ҵһþ籾ʴһƬԴӹ˾Ӱڶ˾ȻйӰȦǳӰֻܾ粺͸ϵǳãûеһĵزϵãҲһɲģˣ˵ҲҪȥƣǮᣬǮֱӵĶǮӢܹ˾Ҫ͸ϵãҲǺ׵¡
촺жһ£Ӣ˵òůֻǮģʲôϵòãֻҪҿģгкеãûѵģϾǸʵᣬ̫æҲȷˣ˾ĸ߲һȺƽӹΪ֮Ȳ긻ǿᣬڲַǳӢܡ


 108 Ҷٻѡ
ӢܲԹɫŮ˸֪һˣʵҵӢӰĻý˾˵ģ˾̫ǡˣҪͷͱɱһѪ·ǹ˾ֻǳȱˣ˻ᣬҪͺףҿǱֻ֤Ҫǹڹ˾ĵĴƬͻǵĽɫϷݾ٣УһںԼﱣ֤ǵ۽ӢӰĻý˾չǲ˳ʮ֮ڣǶһ㹻Լнˮ
Ƭ㣬ÿεŮӵĿ꣬˾֪Ҫȵ£Ӣֱ֤˶ʮѣȷ̫ˣԥãӢܣ˵ģԸֻҪ⳥˾ΥԼ𡣡
ӢѾЩŮӵԲŶȻһЧЦԱΥԼ𲻻ж٣û⣬Ҹȫ
ʱ촺ҲãҲ
ӢһֱעҶٻҶٻأ
û뵽ǣҶٻȴҡҡͷҲ뵽Ĺ˾ȥ
Ӣһ㶣ȴӢܡܻ֪Ҷٻ°ɡȻᵽع˾ȥڵҶٻҪ֦ͷĽˣһһѵģѾһˡ
ʱ촺ҲӢܣ㣬ϴԱѵأҶٻڱСƷû뵽Ȼסˡ˰Сʱе£һ˵Ѿ˾ĸ߲кҪ׼úõİһֳɵǧѷĺûᣬҶٻҪȥǿɾͳԴˡѡȻҪ롭
ȻЦĴϵӢܣʱûҾܵԱߣҶٻЩԣܵķȻ٣ûһ˵ҶٻǸݣҵĴ̣֪ǧȨС۰Ͱ͵ĺ
˵ȴҶٻɱ˵£Ͳܡ
ĵôûܣʱݡ꡷ķȫϷˣȻܣȴʱ۾ûգһ£˵û˼ϹۣҶٻǺҲ˵ʵӢȷʱǲģܽûбʾӢܺϵãʱԹ
Ҷٻûٶ˵ֻͷȥҲ֪ʲô
ӢĬĬĻ֪ôأﾹģƺģĲȴҶٻµľȨ㣬ҪǲԸҲף˾дķչ
Ҷٻ̧ͷͷҲϣӢܼϣҪ˿Ц
ӢܵЦЦò˿ЦҪʱ֤
ҶٻšһͲ˵ˣȫʧȥĻϬ
ӢѾоҶٻȻԼ뵽һŮһʾ⵽пܾȷһѿ飬ԼҲӦõģҲ޿κεģܾһһʹѪֲò侲ΪʵڲԸһŮ˱֤ˣУ˲Ǽ˲εģһˡ
ùͣŮӦ˿ȣ촺ͺӢԱѵص飬ҶٻȴƤͳһСдʲô
Сʱң׼뿪촺ȥϴּ䣬Ӣܾʹӻͳһ׼õ֧ƱݵҶٻǰǴӦشܵġ
ҶٻӵУʲôҲû˵ֻĬĬķƤȻС˺һֽݸӢܵȥ
ӢܽӹϸһƣȴЩеŮĶУ
ҶٻȻЩԱʵˣ촺ģΪԼܹĹ˾ͷһ˵ЩûʲôõļһҪˣҸĵȥھˡ
ӢֽʱӿһҶٻĮģȴģŮӣһֽڻеĳ嶯ֳ嶯ѩûеģ櫣Ҳôǿҡ
ʱ΢΢̾һҶٻĲҵĹ˾Ӧףһ᲻ƴ۵Ľ졣
ҶٻȻЦƴ۵ĽҰ죬ӢܣǷôҿܲļȫָ˵ĻӦüǵãǰеİӣĻҲˣ˵һлģҵ̣ǻĻᣬ˵ܷŹ𣬻Уʵǲ֪˾Ѿ֪ͨ׼ϷˣһװƬҪȥԾпǳŮһţĿǰ״̬һı䡣
˵ıĻûʲôӢʲôǰеİӣҵ̡֮Ļ;ЩձһƴÿѪ龰ָǰľʱﳰŪһֶԼϵļƣӢܾԲԲᣬ˵ȥִֻһ񣬵Դ֮ѾеҰŭԲŻǸ󵨵ģðյģԽϼŴԪļƻҪһ죬ʲô飬ô⣬ô߰ΪŮеİؿһƣһͷݺݵͱһ֮ıܸ˿УӢȻǸ޸ĸĹ¶۸ġ
ҶٻȻ֪ԼĻӢܵĶ־ҲӢܵĸ߰飬ˣӢܣ㲻ϲһŮ𣬱˵ҲѣʱҸ˼ǳֽģҸԼȻȲҲǲˣЩŮ˶һһģϷԣǿˬˡ
Ӣ֪ڹ⼥ԼЦЦллϧûпգлԼɡ
ҶٻȻЦһˣŪ˸ֹ˾ﻹõʲôֽŮȦŮ˿˵ȱȽǣ͵ĶУоȨĴϰ壬òʾ䶼Ͷͱʱ˵۾Ҫ
ӢܵŶĺ£ǿɲ
Ҷٻһû˵ˡ
ûһ촺˵߳˺ʾ¥Ӣǻȥٱ֮ǰӢ촺ԼȵԼĹ˾˾Ҫ׷ΥԼΣȻӢܸ㶨ˡ


 109 м
˵ڶ죬ӢܾͽҶٻԼøƷɣڵ˾ȻҪʧһЩΥԼ𣬵ӢȴøԶĺôڣӢܼҪϼŶŸɣôͻýĻȱúõĳһѣѹļֵѾԶǵΥԼˡ
⣬ӰзǳҪһǣҪŭעֹ˾ԼҪһˣĲǴ󵨶ðյģҪۣκεһһ˲Ԥ֪ͺгɹϣˡ
Ȼ촺ͶӢӰĻý˾ȻƷͨԼĹϵҶٻʮǳǱʵ˹ЩûдӦģûпӢܼţڹŶ
Ӣϣϼսʱйĸ·ýϼȻ󲨣еý嶼׼ӢܼţϡֽϡϣйӢܼŵͷͷӢܿ˵ǳ˷ͷ
ӢȫǰԼļƻţǷѾѽļλ÷ǳҪľɹУȻƷȥһǳľңһŶɫʣƼܹǳľ籾䡷׼պݳһ֮ŷᡣ
ȻķӦǷǳѸٵģӢ׼ǰ죬ȿһƷǳ׳ķᣬȴӰĻý˾ҲҪһƬĺӢӰĻý˾ļһģһֽضСؽɫ˾ĴǵΡ
ʱȴһýȤţǾؼŮһŽ˾Ů㣬һҶٻ˳ݣϡλŮһſ˵൱عաʿȣеýƺ׽ʲôԼͬĽһ龰˷ǳ꾡ıҲѹ֣ҵ·˵˾ĵһ̨֪ǣ˼ȻáתЯһûʲôˣеĵܲ˲²⣬żֵţҲܲŴ󰡡
ӢҲһֱעĶȻɱļҶٻһıھͷϡһ߰ȻҶٻǳòǳչˣÿΪʱΧƺƽԸвͬ
ÿӢܼľͷ涼ĪĲһ󣬾ʧָоܿͱסˣҶٻԼܾģ˭һֹԼʲô£Ȼô룬̲סβ鿴Ҷٻ̬ȣֲ䲻ȵӣﵹúһЩ
һ죬ӢҲˡ䡷׼ŷᣬڻϣ·ýȤȻӢܵıΪʲôҪϼԣҪ֪ӢܼȫǺնΪֹλͨýҲûв鵽Ӣܵıһأеֲ²⡣
Ӣܷǳ֪ԼԽأԽסýߣŹ˾֪ȣ˱Ҫ⣬ýĻش޿ɷ棬ȥҵĲ²ҵдһЩģҲȥͿȥҲ°ɡ
ŷ֮Ӣܴܺеýߵ¥ȥͣʱֻһ̬ȣǫÿһҵý壬ҪȥԾƣЩýĶЩСڻ᳡ϼϵӣһðʿЩܳӡִΪı䣬Դ˵·ͷԣ׻˵˵˵ĿӢܼŵ˶£Ҫִ磬Ҫ̫ˡ
һͽѾǾŵӣ·ý˲٣ȥӢܵľȻҲȵò٣Щѩüæ÷ɰýȥĿﳪ裬ԼȴӢ¥굽Ӣܵ˹˹ϣѩüӢܺˣҪȥʻӢȴϣȥѩֻ
Ӣܵı⸻Ƶ껹в̵һ·ӢܵľԴʱѾˣǿҰҰҲѹֲסţӿǷ۵缲̼ٶһʱɼһɿ˦˺档
ѩüӢЩܵӣԽԽ죬ǳԾǺ£֪ӢйԼѹ֣ʲôҲû˵עԼҪһҲڣˣֵԼһġ
ۿž͵˰ɽϵıӢܿųȻһƧĵطͣ˳ƣѩһ㶣ɵӢܣǵʲô
ӢʲôҲû˵Ȼȥ§סϸĲȻѹӣ֮ϡ
ѩŵŨŨľζЩܵģܿľ͸оӢܵļ飬ļ֮û˼ά鲻ԽͷӦ
ʱоӢܵһֻѾԼѣұ֣ʱһҪʲôӢܣǲ㡭ҪҪĻԻȥ
ĻѾʼݲĲӢ˵ʲôõģѾƵѩõϣ͵һƣѾסѩС̺٣״̬ѩúǺ£ҲһĪ˷ܣֱֻӢܵͷ૵ĵӢܣӢܣҪ㲻Ҫ
֣ȴʹ˿
Ӣܺ˱һ󣬱ȥѩõп㣬ѩñ˱ãʱѾ̱һţܵľͱȥ㣬ܿǺɫ˿ڿҲӢŪò֪ȥˡ
֮ʱӢǷǳ޴ģѩþ漣ҵһκʹ֮УֻʽеŤɬȴŤӭţܿģ͸е˴ûо˳ȫڲͣĴŲıӢܵͷѾȫˣӢҲڲ֮һйע
ڳӵ˺һѩòŽָȻֻߣȫȥӢ˵ٲȥڰеһߵļʻλϣϽѣȴôҲҲԼڿˣֻȴп㣬˳ӣűȥ
˱ԶܳˣӢܡϹϹĽиͣѩҲӴһЩˣ֪ŮʱڣҹʵǸܴĹΪӢѣ϶ҲǳίѹȻӢܡϹȴһҲζĵӢܣ˾ƣֻȲסӣС㡣
ӢʱѾָƽ侲ȣָʲô˵ͷ֪ˣġ


 110 ջ1
Ӣѩ˳ܹסӢܵĸ첲Ϲϳѧѩĸ⣬˼飬쵽ȥ㳢òóԡ
˵⻰бƳһѩãЩѩȻûסӢܵᲢƽʱĹ۲ѾµӢŵ˽˹ʵĹϵûô򵥣ӢܼȻӱǲϵߵл᲻ģοѩôĸƯӢһ˳ӣܲȥ͵ô
Сͼ˸׵ķԼţ£ǾúȻѩû취ϹģһҪ󣬿ĳ󣬴ϹŮˣ콫Լ޸ӢܣҵŮ¶˾ĵ£һҪ˵ϲŮˣһıԼӢĿеֵӡεºòԵĶѩЦЦС㣬Ҳһԡ
ѩʱҲЩ뵽Լڿ㶨Ȼڳϵĳ䣬Щż֪ô˵ǲԸԼȥģҡҡͷҳԵ̫࣬ʵڲٽʳˣС㣬ллĺ⣬ǸܳɣôĶҲһܺóԵġ
һ˵ţһߵܡͿȥҡڳ滹ЩҪһ¡
ӢҲǵڿûҵԼղŵҲЩⲻȥ˵ͷã㡭ɣҲˣȻúõϢ
ѩһ˫ء϶ʱҹɫƲϸµղӢܴĵߵһ
˰ĸ㡣һһصӢܻƷʱѾȲˣӢܾ¥Լߡ
ңһŲ輸ϹȻһ̸㡣
ӢһͷӢܵеϹ쳢òóԡҪϲҾ;ԡ
Ӣܳһ飬ֻģԼĿζ³أظҽС˵ʵǷǳѵáЦЦţóԣóԣᣬ벻ĳͦ
ӢܵʱõЦģľúóԣǺã컹Щ
˵žʣµļһһιӢܵӢܻȻ˵ˣȻҪװǳϲӣȫȥȻЩˣǰȥȫǱһˣֵο
뵽һ£ֵᣬЩ̫æûѧϰôˣλʦ̵ΣµĹܲܲϡ
ιһ㣬ȻߵֻϸֱۣסĲӣȻӽı󣬵ϹģһúѧģȥҶûʲôĿ꣬һҲҪСһmbaܺúõİ㣬һˡ
ӢĻоȷǳ˲٣ҲǸжԼĻͷܿͿסˣᣬʵڲ֪ζԴ̫飬ôһȥȥԵ̫飬ԼԽԽģôԼȥ
ڰ̾ϢѾ˯˹Ϲһľȥϴ衣
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˯½ԡȥˡ
ϴԡ֮ʱﻹһ֮Ӣ뵽ѩóӿ֮ʱһĲѪ䲻ɵЩڣһֳ嶯Ҫѩõķȥ᲻Ͳ˯ʵûа취
ϴ裬Ӣܾ˴Ҳԡȥˡ
Ӣܾ⻹ûȫͷЩѾͱ۾
˯ţȴԴĵϹ㿴˯ºòÿ
ӢԾȴᴩһ޺ɫ˯£˯µʵغܱǰ󲿷ֻͿյģֻزд׳ɳûԵ̫ˣҲƵѩ׵һƬС𣬶Сϵ㣬Ҳɼ
ȫ͸˯¼һСխɫڿ㣬ʽӦþνȤ£治֪ᵽȥŪģһϣܲ˵ǱʲôȻһ¡
ϸӢܵɫԼƺƽһˣмɬмֵ⡣
ԭӢСᣬʵŮǷǳеģѾӢܶԼ䲻ȣûжټ飬ѶŮ˵ǲɽܣҲʹģȻ֪Ӣܵʵ뷨ֻΪԼ̫С죬ԸУ˵Ȥ˼֮£ȥѡһȤ£Լ˵ջ֪ᲢֻһɬŮҲŮ˵ĵġ
Ӣܺεȴ᲻֪˼һ˯Ҳͨᣬˣֻ˯
۾
ӢܵķӦ˵ƽǴʧ뵽ղŵҲһͲµѹĿѣɾ˾죬ϴ˱ѡ
һϴӢܾŵһر˵ʮŨң˸оǳĵĸо֪Ĩʲôرˮɰп࣬һУȫĥԼԼ־
ȻͿһֽҹĴˮȤһģ۵С˵ֻҪͿϣһϲģ˿Ӣȴһƺ˯ˣвһʧգôӢܿԺӱԺѩΪʲôͲԼΪԼûд󲨲ǲŮζ
᱾Ǵӣ԰֮²һϲͨƽʱҲӱһЩڵģȻ󿴿ӿ־˽һЩӦýһ֪⣬ֻǶ׷ҲǿңӢܸ׽һЩһЩĨд鹦Чҹ꣬ƫƫֲǼٻνɱǧ˰١ĿûӢܺãͱˡɱ˰˰٣ǧ
ʱһķȣȻִûУйǿҵĳ嶯ļȥסӢܣȻӽȥ
ҪҲйľٶȥֻ֮ҵһְȫУȸУľٶȴͬˣĽӢܼʵĦţоر˷ܣͺȥʳƷЩƣ޷ԼҲԼ
Ħ֮ʱĴһӲĶȻ֪ʲôȻһֿһﵽʲôģ治֪ǿɰǿɲ˭˵ֻкӺ棬ŮһҲǾкĵġ


 111 ջ2
Ȼ˺ȻȥóȻпĶ
һȴӢܵ˯֮УСǿ׳ļ⣬ȻӾԽԽҲȥţֻһĽţֳſܣֲӱôϲһĸоȷ˴̼ӱˣͲһ𣬾һֻҪúõϲǾ͹ˣԼһжģԶԶġ
ʱѾȫ飬Ůһεǿҵıŷ˳Ľ⿪Ӣܵ˯£¶͹ؼȻӣţ˴ʱܹ˯ţš
ӢܴʱȻûа취װ˯ˣõͳᣬʲô˯
ᲢûлشֻƶӣӣĲϣᣬŮ飬Ҳһջ
ӢܺﶯһֻԼĳ嶯ԽԽʱȻ壬ѹԼ¡
֪Ǹʥʱ̾ҪˣıԼ˫ۣǳһĽëס⶯ţ͸еĽš
ӢܽŲδرյıڵƣµᡣѾȫǺϼӣ΢һ뽫Լ׵ӡ
飬ӢڵͷһǼ侲ỹСֻһʱ嶯Լʲôһˣһ޷κŮ˸ˣСޱ˵ܾˣͣ鴿ҶٻҲܾˡѵԼصģΪ֮ʹ뽾ǾʮŮǰʧر𣬲ˣܾôᡣ
ЩͷһӢܵ촽ỹʱ˻ȥȻƿӡһߡ
ʱȻ̣ϧǴ̵ġΪɱ֣ʱҪѵ״̬κο˺ضѶǾġ
еڴѹȻûˣ֪ӢѾ뿪ȻеһޱȵʧίԼôᡣôӱϵ˾ȻûȤʵ̫ʧˣѵԼľûˣȥΧߵЩӬһкӶǳҵĲƲŶƨ
뵽Ȼû뵽ӢܲϲԼһᣬ͡ؿ
ӢĿֱȥ§סᣬԼĻúõĿοһ
ǣԼȰ˵һЩĻҪˣպȻظһ龰һɣСŮ֮ͻʲô¶ûеģֻϣӴ֮ܿЩԼôˣҪϴѧʱһλİӳ֣ܹһҸ
ܹõģŮӣȱٵľϸĵĺǻذԼȻҲĸȱʧİȴû㹻ʱ䰡
Ӣϣſţͳ˯ˡ
ӢʱŲȥ۽ϵδɣӣҲ΢΢ţŮʧĵ̬һţ̾һһֻѩϸֱۻ¶ڱ棬ĸ˻ȥȻ˸ͷȥ˱ڵƣȻҲʼ˯
˯ûжãӢȻʲôԣһֶɱĴԤУôܹһһεɼ޵ȻһһεԤжֱӵĹϵҲһе츳һ𳤴ͬѶѵİ¶;Ͳ߱
Ӣܴʱ붼û룬ٵĴӴϲ֮ʱûֹͣĹ۲죬ԤйȻûд봲֮ϢվһϸӰ
Ȼû뵽ӢܻȻѣܿͷӦ˹תһߵ̨ȥһԾ£ƺûнκεĸʩ
ӢҲһæϵ̨ȴϸӰѾվиѹߵΧǽ֮ϣԾƺڵӢ׷ȥ
˹ݵ֣Ӣһ𺳣Ȼ֪ǸȴȫȻ壬תͳ嵽Լң¹óһ¹˾saues P210ǹ֮úģȫֹмоȣȫʮ֮ڣûܹӳӵ
ǹӢܱ¥ȴϸӰվǽϣȫǶԼơ
¹⣬ѾƼ뾱㷢Ȼûѩó޿ɵǸŮˡ
Ů˼Ӣܳȥ
ӢҧҧҲţܵʧĵطǹ䣬߸ԾץסǽͷȻѸٵȥСĴ˸ѹߣһݶ¡
ǽ׸ߣӢڵϴ˺ü׹վȴŮ˹ȻûԶߣڵǰʮ׵ĵطӢܳһƬֶȥܿʧ档
Ӣܰ׷˹ȥҲǰ֣ʱҲʼСĪ룬ǽϵĳΪɱ֣Ͷˡ
Ӣ˫ǹڰﻺƶţ˫ǰӣ˫ŵ͵Ϯ
ʱȻһŮ˵Ӣܣ㵽ʲôˣ
ӢһһͷҲأ˼ľͽǹ׼Ƿķ
ȻǰһһŮѾվǰ棬ӢܣͨǶˣҪԸң˵ǹ̸̸ֻ㶯֡
˼֣һ侲ޱȵӢҲе֪ԷҪԼ֣Ͳ˵Щˣջǹ͸Ҷ¹⣬ȥŮˡ
ֻһɫĽ޳㷢ֻڶһüϸֱͦӣϸСʮ£ǸĹرǣü֮䣬һŮ֮кˬӢȻð
ӢܷŮò֮Ᾱƣ뵽֣һЩŮţʱ뵽һˣھ͵档
Ůӵ˵ͷ벻㻹мּʶ
ӢܼԼݣ뵽˵涼ǵĸѧ书ֲԼҲκβˣ书Ҳ̫˼ˣȫ˵ļޣ治֪ôﵽġ
ܶԷ˿ֲ֣Ӣȴη壬ЦЦС㣬֪ٺᣬʲộָα͵͵ģʵҵ氡
û̻شĻֻǾһӢܣ˵ǸΣûп


 112 С
ӢʱѾµ⣬Ȱģǲǣ
˵ͷҸսһ񣬴ϵң˵ˣҸ˻ӢܣûпǾ˷ǳרҵѵģҾҲǳḻǲҹȥĳˣ
Ӣ֪óԼҲ򵥣ĵأ
ǲǣҵǲẦκαģһ絹˵ˡ
ӢܵŶʲô
ʵѾˣͱһҲˣӢܣ㲻Ǵ˵ֻˣܹܾᣬסڣ㣬ҲҪл㡣
ӢܶʱգҪԼջ׼ϵԹóԿ㲻ǵӣϣϾҪһԼһƣҲһ١
ֳӢܣҿóǷǳϲģȻûַҲʮĴˣ˯һ䴲ϣ⡭ʲôȱѵ𣿡
Ӣ˵ĿЩż֪ҲãЦ˯һ䴲ϣʵһѾúõþ֪ˣãֵúõĵ⣬ؼȥɡ
˵⻰Եúʵ⣬ɵö˵ʲôҲе˺棬Ӣܣ˵㴦ϼԣµǲأ
Ӣܺԥĵ˵ͷģϼڹ̽ϴҳ˾յĿ굱ȻϼţֻǿʼҲԽԽҡ
¾ʮֵĿͨšһҲ֪з硣ĴҵҾȻ޿ɺǣҪʲôĻҵ˾Ǻǵء
Ӣ˵һ仰ʱǳȣżɱȷǸƽŮӣҲǳΪʲôúõҶС㲻ȴҪȥʲôŮؾȻʲڣ΢΢һЦС㡣ȥȰȥ
ȻĿӢĸԸǳ龰±侲û˺ãҵ£ýݵ֣þ˵ķӦĴ˼ɣҪ֪ղõҡɺ׾ű䡱Ṧ½֮ëز࣬治֪ôоĴڵġ
µ˯ˣҲѣһأϣҪôǿûоΣҶҪ
ӢܵͷӦö໨ЩʱˣʵǸܺõŮӣԴǵظĸʧָ֮æ£ȱ˶ĹģƢűú˽ܣҪõ̫ˣȫǱһˡ
Ӣ˵ȷã˵ͨϼţ֪ôжҲûʲô⣬ðɣӢܣȻȥһٵرұú̸̸һؼҡ
ӢܵͷУԼǣҹ˾£ҪߣҴ绰
һġ
ӢҲٴתߣ˼̲סֻعͷȥȴѾʧˣввݣûɱ˴Ӳʧ֣ԲˡӰ֮ƣԼƽʱҲºմմϲռٿٿ֣ĴºţøŶԣȥؾЩײϵﷸҲǵ˴ù
ȻߴžӢܴԭ·˱صķ䣬˯֮УȻ֪ԼؽѾˣЦЦ˱ѣӦԼһҹˡ
˵ڶһ磬Ӣܱ˴ѩһȥ˹˾֮ʱٿȻ˯еһۣ˸㷢ֻϣŮӽԺܹԼĵȴһ˿ӰԼļƻɹϼŽܵشǧҪԼźá
ûþ͵˹˾Ӣܵĵһ±ټƷɵӢӰĻý˾Աᣬ¡䡷ʽӡ
֮ʱѾ쵽ʱ䣬Ӣܻص˰칫ң˼ȴûͣӢӰĻý˾ѾˣӦѾעǼҲѾˣһ͸̸չˣ֪óȻȥȻ⵽ԷĴѣҪҲޱȣԼҪסԿ̸еĵơ
뵽Ĵһ绰һľʹҴҵ˽ܣʲô𣿡
Ӣܵϴ˵ѣǲǣ
ĵ˵ͷм
ӢܵЩ˵ְλôܹ˽⵽йľӪҪ꾡ġ
ĵҽύЩ˶ֳĸ߲ٶЩϣһӦǱȽ꾡
ӢܵмɵİܹЩϸ㵽֣
΢ЦĿǰӪ״룬ԱЩҲΣҪõЩʵҲѡ
Ӣ˼һǿɹ˾֧
ĴӦһЩĵܣѵ׼㳬ƺһɣ
Ӣ֪Էǲ˵ʵģʵԱ֤ƻ˳УЦЦЩǰ˽һ
Ȼ򲻻µӢеڼ̵ʱڶϼŷܹͷǣĹзǳĵطЩйҲȲϣ˽˽ҲǺõġ
Ӣܡšһıǳȥˡ
ĸûжãӢܻеֻ
ӢͳһʾȴģѾƵʲô¡
ȵӢܸһͨЩͳιӢ𣿡
ӢٽԼϹ¶Ǵᣬңʲô£
ҽˣؼҡ
Ӣܹ治˵£ͻѿȻҲѾˣôᣬȥͽཻУҲٸ糳ˡ
һ᲻ԼҪԼĻģֻĬ˺þãŵӢܣ㡭ԼҲౣأҲˣС㳤ƯѧʶָߣҲܸɣúõĴ
˵⻰ֻͶˡ
ӢֻܹҲȻʧϾЩÿ˯һ𣬶ҴĻģڵһԹԼģֻϣһЩܹ֮


 113 ɹź
뵽ĵ뿪ӢЩȻ֮ʱȴС˽ܣһպհ³˵Ҫ㡣
Ӣպհ³Լʱ佫û뵽Ȼǰˣʱϲվð
С˳ȥܿһƤֺڣһĺӣպհ³
Ӣܼû˵ȥպհ³ӵ֮꣬һоԡӵһ˷ֿӢպհ³ǰһ£ȻԼһɳϣպհ³벻ǰʮˡ
պհ³ô㲻ҸûУ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҡҡͷ⻹ûдˣǾǰģӣҿɲǲ֪
պհ³Լ˽⣬ҲЦȻµˣҲ㣬һʮɹźӹЩڲԭûʲôˣŵֵĶģЩҶһѡģԶЩѪԵӲӣֻҪ㣬;ᱳѵء
Ӣܵ˵ͷվãպհ³ȥǡ
պհ³¥µĴ̫࣬û
˵ŻӢպհ³˳ȥŵݣܿ͵˵¥ĴȴһȺ̬ǿ׳ıδվڴһǣÿһվñֱҲûʲôͷӶպհ³֮ǰѾѵˡ
պհ³Ӣ˹ȥЩɹŴָҸ˵Ӣܡպհ³أҲΪĺúӣҾͽǽˣǵġϰ塣
ЩɹŴ󺺾һ뽫бؿڣϰ塣
ʮһĶӡؾһ𣬵籼ҲվżӢܼŴıⳡ棬Ҳݣ׷׵Ťͷ
պհ³ʱӢܵϰ壬ЩšǲԭǣﻹЩģȲϼţЩ˶ЩܴᶷĺúӣӦǹˡ
ӢܰЩһĿ˹ȥȻôֺ׳ʵȴ¶˲ͬĴؼ㣬Ҳ⣬պհ³Ҳ˵ѣôҲϰˡ
պհ³ɫĵѣ˽£ҵϰ壬ǹ˽Ҫֵ
Ӣ֪պհ³϶ǾıģҲٶ˵Ⱥɹźӵλֵһ·ˣߣǺȾȥ
ɹ˵ֱпˣûǮҲҪ뷨ţŪԻڼλϰƺ޼ӣöѵӴԼˣҶ
պհ³֪ʡһɹ˿ز͹ݣӢܴҵȥӢȻû飬ȽɣźЩɹźӵס֮أӢܴ÷ǿշ䣬һһҲ㹻ġ
ӢܼĿǰֻӣӢܵʿպհ³УʮɹźӾȥСʱ֮󣬾͵˵Ǽɹ˿ĲֶɹŰӣһɹźӶʱ֮УȫΧľϯ
һ̾ţ⻹й೦͡Ƥʳȴȫλεʢ
ӢLʱѾѸķԸһʦѧйķϰߣ֪ɹʢΪıʱҪȱ߾࣬鶾ŧãֻǿɲеɹ˶ʢʳǮ˲ôġ
Ӣܼǵɹ˻йأûгףƸ֮ǰǲòƵģһеɹźӹȻţ˭Ҳûȥϵʳ̾ƣʱɹŲ͹ݵϰͷΡɹۡѥ˫ְŰɫĹһɹεĹͶһĻľʢ̾վԱߡ
ϰߵм䣬ȻӢպհ³򣬾ͿʼǸֲԶ顣
Ӣֺܶŵĸϲ˼ѯȴպհ³յĶߵǶ˹ɹףƸ裬˼ǽƣ˫־ٹͷְ̲⡣ȸ㳢ƴӡ鳤ã⸻ĵزԭϹȴ
ӢȻ򵥣͸ޱȵĺÿͻ֮⣬ɵ˵ͷ
һϰѾ質꣬ߵӢܵǰ˫ְʴסӢ΢ЦŽ˹ȥȻͷϣִɹŹֶƵ롣ţͷ˫־ٹͷʾ⾴ơ
Ӣ֪װ̾ŶԱ͵Ĵأ˫ֽ˹ռеɹأ΢Цл£ָմմƣһʾ⾴죬ųһʾ⾴أȻմһԼǰʾ⾴ڡű˾ƣףȫ꣬ǵһκ̾ƣֻζЩȣҾƾŨңЩϰߡ
ǲϰøղžʱĶӹ롣ʾл⡣
һɹźû뵽ԼϰȻ˶Լǣʱֻ
պհ³ҲûϵӢܾȻᶮɹŵڣϰ壬ɹ𣿡
ӢҡҡͷȫѸΪʲôԼѧôййظ֪ʶһǴϰرԸģϼŵļƻ֪Ѿ߻˶꣬ѾоųɵذտȷصĴϰҹȥĳУҲ£ϰ֮ҪԼʲôִС
ʱǲϰѾ˾ƣ˳ȥɹźӾͷ׷ӢܾһغȾƣӢܵľҲܲסǸǿˣ᲻÷ЩˬֱɹֵܵӣྴһɣȺȵʮ룬ҲǺܲЩʹˡ
պհ³̾Ƶģ֪ӢȥغҲҪܲסվһɹźкţǲҪپպеǻᡣ
պհ³ɹЩߣôһкɹźȻ˻λϰʮԵ̾ƶûеȥ
һྴƣԺһ󣬾˵պհ³磬ˣٱݱˤɣֵǿ۽磬ٿһԭú硣
պհ³Ҳ˲ٵľƣ΢վǣһλغúҺһܣˣڵϲ
պհ³һɹźĿеӢۣһ˵Ȼ˴ڵе˶ˣ׷׷ʡ˭
պհ³㲻ǿЦɡ
˭ܹ㣬˵
պհ³Ǹĵ̹ĺӣҲԼʧΪܣӢһָϰ壬ֲŽЩˣ벻ʶʶ
ЩɹźȻӢҲǳ뺷պհ³еżȻ˵˳ﻹЩţ룬룬ϰ¶һ֣ǿ۽硣
ӢҡͷЦϴζҺպհ³պհ³ûȫܵ档
պհ³ɫ˭˵ģѾȫϰ壬ף͸¶һ֣ɹˣľбӢۡ
һ˵ţһߵľɭոŶͼ˹㣬ǳ
ʮˤʿվ˴֮С
պհ³һܹĸϰԴ಻š
ʮ˱պհ³Ӳԭоѡģ˱ǾӢеľӢȻӢһֲܹ˵ĬȻ
պհ³Щ˵飬ӢЦϰ壬Ƕ㲻ֽǴ򵹣Ǿ˵ڴţˣᱻǿ˵ĻҲҲû˻ţܲҶ˰ɡ
Ӣ⻰֪ǲɵˣֲˬԺӣ˵ͷãǾ
˵žߵ˴УɹźֻԶ
պհ³ţϰǸˬˣҪˣȻнͣҪˣҪдͷ飬ϰ壬˵ǲǣ
Ӣ֪պհ³һԼЩɹźǰ磬ʹЩ˸𾴷ԼЦЦպհ³˵òҪӮңÿһԪĽҪˣҲؿͷ
˵ӮϰһԪĽɹźж¶֮ɫ
պհ³ϰ壬ɹźӴĥǣ˵Ͳ飬ԼҲҪСġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֪ˣãڶְɡ
˵˫΢֣˫̧ǰ׼ʽ


 114 ѩõ
ɹź״ȴͷӶһ˵˭Ӣܵͷ˭ӢܵȻ˫˫˭ȥסȡڰ֮ھͽԪС
˫һɹźӷ׷׷˿֮׺ݵӢõģס֡
Ӣպհ³˶֪ɹˤֻҪס֮ԼζǵвģֻɶʤԿʤԲȵһ˿£ѸٵĽݺ
ɹź˸գȻֹͣǰ
ӢʱַɿƳףЩɹźӵĶζʱˣǰһӢһֻһңȻ˶
ʱӢܲٺˣͬӭ˶ȥƬ̼͵˵ǰ
Ҳû뵽ӢĴܣôȻô͵ǰæ־Ҫȥץǰѡ
ӢҲƣݺݵĿֵ֮ϣֻһ飬ƺѾʧȥ֪ҲûʲôˡӢһ񣬴ǰǰһӣಱϣˡӴĴһѾ˵ϣ󲱷ͣ
ӢҲǰԱǸѶѧĺֱӺ˵Ĳභֻ˵ϵⲻҪˡҲǺε£ʮӦþûˡ
ͬ˵£ʣµ˶һζѾ޷ͳһӢܺȻ͵һһ˵£ҪҪȴı˷б̧һߣ˵䣬ֻǱһ㣬ʱڵϣҲ޷
Ӣһ֣û˿ͣ٣ѾЩɹźӵ֫ǳ򵥡ƽʱˤʱõȻһţһɨڵأ𣬴ɹźӵļлд˹ȥͷҲأ˫ƽչῳ˵ĺףǰһڣʱԵڵء
ʱֻʣһɹźˣӢܱͣס֣ٽ
ֻպհ³ɭѵϰ嶯𣿡
жɭغҲ֪ԼӢܵĶ֣뵽ղŵĻ˵һˡ
㵥ϥȥӢһͷ
Ӣæȥ˵ƣʱһЩɹźҲϯ̾ưƣһѾ糣վӢܻвȴͬš
ҲҪ¹ӢæҪȥֹպհ³ȴסϰ壬ɹ˵㻰ģ˾ǿͷǰ˵˵ģҪǲܣǾǲãᱻЦġ
Ӣֻ˿ͷ񣬲һվ˶̾ƣһ˵һ룬ȻԼҲȡһֵǣղŶеһƣҸˡ
˵žһ
ɹźӸϽҲɤӺ£֪պհ³˵òϰǸбĺú
ӢʵĸɹźһЩģתһ룬ȻȵԼ֮вûҲһ˵óȻ裬δЩͷΧսɹźвҲգֻǷԸǲ͹ϰһЩɹźȥԺúôһ¡
ͼȾƣôĺˬֱûʲôĵıδ󺺣ӢҲԼ˭һûһĺţͲУЩɹźӼӢܾ˵ּ֣Ⱦ˵ĺǲԭúӣ׽þϰҲǷǳҵ¡
һذҲ֪˶ٵ̾ƣ˶ٵץţ⣬ӢѾ࣬պհ³Ҳſ˰ϣЩɹźӣ˲ڴ˯
ȵӢȴѾ˱ԼҵĴϣһ⣬Ѿˣﴫĵ֮˳ȥȴѩɳϿź磬ʱ뵽ҶٻҲĵĶŮ˻йԡ
Ӣ˳ѩæվӢܣˣǺȵ̫ˣڣûгԣóŪȥ
˵žҪ¥
Ӣ뵽ЩɹźӡѩãЩɹ˺Ҳˣ㰲źûУ
ѩõ˵ͷѾźˣЩɹ˿׳ʵҽ˾ȫȥˣѾ׼õס
Ӣŷģ뵽һ¡ɳϣѩȥԼֻֻ룬žͰͨˡ
ֻǶ˴ιӢܣ𣿡
Ӣֻ֪ҲԼغ룬ң磬ϴҸ˵£㻹ǵ𣿡
ǵãôǵáҪҰѵһЩ˳ǲǣôˡ
Ӣܵˣȫպհ³Ӳԭģͦ
ðֵҲЩɹżսʿʶ¸ұ뺷Ҫ滹סЩˡ
Ӣܵ磬͵𣿡
⵹ûʲôҪȸų˵һ£ҪϼһŪЩӦû⡣
Ӣܵûϵ磬Щѵһǣ໨Щʱ䶼νҪǾ
ֻﴫЦӢܣģȻѣһرǿѵģԲʧ
ӢҲЦŵл˼䣬͹Ҷͨ
ѩӢضԻӢܣҾǲǶЩ̫ˣһȥòͣһȵô˾Աʱɲ
ӢҡҡͷҲֻ֪ЩɹźӺúõĺһ
ѩӢܣ֪ԭ򡣡
ӢܵŶʲô
ѩõΪԸ񡣡
˵⻰ֵӢܣʵԸǳϲ⣬ЩĶǣƱ˵£ϰȴȫԼıΥˣǷǳѹֵģЩɹźֱƽԸǺȾƣеʹ죬ǲǣ
Ӣû˵֪ѩ˵öǶԵģʵթ̳ЩòΪ֮αӦģֲòСȥκδ󣬶һҪȥȡʤȻϳȣȴеۺƣ룬ѩãԽԽԼˡ
ѩʱһЦ¥ȥˣһ󣬾Զһһ׷µСˣȫӢƽʱԵġ
ӢܼѾԼϰԣҲһŮˣӴʱԵģԽԽ˳Լƽʲô¿㣬ôЩС¶һְ죬һһ㣬ȴϣѩý뵽ɫȥĻԼҲ֪ôƽʱദҲްĸоˣҪһŮˣκһŮ˶Լ顣
Ӣܳ˷ѩþʹ绰ӶʰԼȴ˸£
ӢܾĬĬվԣ˳ָټˮչţġֻһƬ
ҹϴ֮ʱӢû뵽ǣѩþȻķϣĽ⿪˯£ʼ壬ȻЩɬȴ顣
ӢԼѹȷҲҪһŮԼѩš
ѩǵӢ˶֮ȴͣ˺þãһƺ¶˾ģȥỬֽӢܸеһ顣
Ҳ֪ѩЩôģȷʼſˣǹӢ֮󣬸оӢƺҪȴʾȻ˯ţԼȴƶӣԲӢܵ£Щɬ۵һ󣬲ŽɽԼڣڴ˵ľЩˣͷӣԼļͦѹӢܵǰֻ΢΢Ķš
ζȻû쳵ڵĿҰȴӢһȫĵܣеѩõ˶ѩþ͸ҲģֻıӢܣͣӣҲʼһֻõģ֮һµĹ˳ٸס
һӢʼӴѩٴλ˫䣬ѩȫǺ쳱֮ҲȫƲס̱Ӣܵϣֱȵ֮
һ֮ºȫѩģó׼õëӢܲԸɾȻٴԼȻûȥǱҩŻصϣӱסӢܣȻ˯ˡ
ӢܼѩĬĬΪԼţƺʲôҲûҪ󣬲ɸ⻬ļеɣҲֻҪŵ޷ŵŮˣʺԼġ


 115 ֮Լ1
죬Ѿӵ׳ϵˣӢܱպհ³ʮɹźȥϵͳѵ
رԸ̽ǲҪ֪ɹŵˤȻҲĶɱȴǺǿǳ׳ԿȻѧ⼰µá
˾棬ľ뽭ʤ״ʱѾϢѾѡӢƷƷװרĵַڳﱸţһĹƷѸڸǽӴרǵķװľ뽭ʤѾеӵĹڷװЩװƷҲ㲻ϣ˾ĹƷƷװһȫԽ۸̧ãȡ߶ı
ӢӰĻý˾ġ䡷ǰ׼ҲѾɣеԱȫλҶõ⾰أʽ
˾ǱҲϢġĶСҲܿӰƬǷǳҲζ˭Ҫ겢гô˭ͻȻóɹ˵Ѿ˾ĸ߲ȻӢܹ˾ġ䡷֮ǰ㲢Ƴ
ӢϢȴǰϲ·ӦԽļƻͻһݳɹİգҪȵģǷЩѽӪ״꾡ϸ㵽֣úõо֮󣬾ҪʵʩƻҪһˡ
硣ӢҷѯƬʲôʱʼ£ѾˣǾ¸µգ֪һǳȷеϢѾټϼŵи߲㿪˻飬ڻѾ뱱Ŀ죬־ڱصá
ӢЩĬ˺þãСĵܡϼ˱ꡣǼؿɾҪֵˡʲôʱ֡
ӢȻԼʵͼֻҡҡͷص£ʱһߣģӦúϤҪһ£ƬӦֵǮܹ׬ȡ󣿡
ĵܣôǹ˾Ҳ׼ȥͶ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷ㡣
ĵܣ˵ʵƬأӳڵս۹˵ȷǷǳģϼżȻ˻ᣬ־ڱصãȻ֪ϰ嵽жǮϼ¶ҪƬأǸĴǾСģܡҪ˼а
ӢЦЦܣֻҪЩݸҾȷóˣ֪ϼյصߡ
ֻõðɣܣҾһ¡
Ӣܵסһ֮ڸҡ
ĴӦһ˳ȥ
Ӣڿһݶľ屨ļеֻȴˡ
Ӣһȴһİֻ룬ͨ˵ιλ
ֻһŮ˵Ӣ档
ӢҲû뵽Լ绰ɵҲһ㶵ԭС㣬ʲôָ𣿡
ȴûֱ˵ֻǵӢܣпԷ̸̸
Ӣֻ΢΢һ˼𣿡
ǵء
Ӣ̵õģʲôط棿
Է·ģ̫¥룬㵽¥İ˺żѾλˡ
ӢܴӦһûٸ˵Ҷϵĵ绰
˰֮ʱӢܸѩô˸кͿųԷ·ȥ·Щ³һСʱңŵˡ̫¥һСţ˶¥İ˺ż䣬ȴѾˡ
Ӣ˽ȥ˼ĵǱǸС㣬·ʧԼˡ
˵žض档
浭ЦЦûϵ˵ʱͦæģһЩҲν
˵⻰СϵĲ˵ָ˼ˣСܿͳȥˡ
żĵƹӢŽĿ棬ȴһɫװŵ㷢δ죬òףüӣһ˶ֻü֮͸ЩӢ֮ȻȴûΪְҵԵʱôֲڵȻŴҹѩ֬
ʱҲڴӢܣȻûдӢǷԵøңĿ࣬ǳľţֲûǰвɵһ̾
ӢһۣŮرԼĿ⣬ǺǵעԼ㿪żɽĵС㣬˵˰ɣʲô£
⣬ɫЩӢܣͱʶȻһУᶼԭԭĸ˵ˣȷ㡣ҴǸ
Ӣ΢΢һЦС㣬˵ʵôң˿ûзϣһҵãҿ϶ҲŵģȫûбҪҵǸ
ûϵӢܾȻ˵˻Ļ¶΢ЦӢܣ㵹ǸȵˣᲢûп㡣
ӢܵҺõĹϵȻ֪ˡҲ˵ֻҪ㲻Ҫˡ
ʱȻϿʼӢܣ鷳һ£֪ܴܲӦ
ӢЩĵС鷳ңʲôֻҪӢܹһƴǡ
Ҫҵȥһˣ˵ЩοĻ
Ӣһᵽôˣ
ӢܣҲ㣬ԴӸһȥ֮󣬾ûһ쿪Ĺֻ콫Լڷ﷢ʱ򻹻᳤ֹôҴûмôģȻȰҲ˵£ʼ޷ʹ֮нѳ廹ϵˣҲֻܹ⿪ӢܣûпʵǺܹıģȥɡ
ĻӢܳĬ˺һ󣬲ŵС㣬ҪʧˣԼǲȥΪá
ĿùӢܿԼȥ˺ᣬǸ˯֮ʱѸ첲ѵĶǺȻģҪûйذϧΪԼֻҪڵ״˵ˣ˾ͻԼؼң˵ЩĻȴû뵽Ȼ⵽˵ľܾ
ӢܼɫҲ֪⣬΢΢̾һࡵС㣬ҸȥᣬҸ˵ʲô
ȻܹĵĻҪٿˣҲҪԼһֱ
ӢҡҡͷĵĻС㣬Ȼʲô¶˵ˣӦ֪˵ʲôģԸ˵Щ𣿡


 116 ֶԵУ1
˶ٵʮһ죬ְֺ趼̸ȥˣҾԼһҪõĽŮͬѧȥ԰棬ڸǣɵ԰ȴһ£ֻҪЩΣյģȥ棬һͺڲע⣬͵͵ǵߡ
ʱǸˣΪСҵߣ۾ţ⻹ǵһεõɣԸ˼ˣ԰ܵ浽й䣬еһ԰ǻ԰ţ͸դɼõ壬һֵͷڻн
Ӣܷᵽͷʱ򣬲սȭͷ֪⻨԰һǷʲôµ£ȻͷҲǣͺܺͰЦҪҪȥͻʲôҲ߸˵ĴӦˣͷʹţǽȥ
ʱ۾¶˳֮ɫǽȥ֮󣬿һỨ;ûʲô˼Ҫ뿪ͷȴ˵һɫõ廨ҪҪҺûɫõ壬ȻȥͷʹǵһС¥
ǽһӣʲôɫõ塣Һͷ˵ѡҪѾ˹ץסǵĸ첲ϵֻϻ¶˿µЦݣʱסˣͲ֪ȴӦ˹֪ͷǸˣʹҧץҵһڣͷһʹͷſңæܡͷͱں׷ң֪ղŽǵѾͷˣ꣬Ȼҵһطͷץסң죬ֻص
Ӣ˴Ѿ׷ʲô¡жοֲļ䡣˵ͷС㣬㲻˵Ѿ֪ΪʲôҪؾԭˡ
ʱѾ˼֮УϳɱҺòײҵһ˻԰һ·ˣ˾ȵʱҴȥģǼͷѾˣֻʲôҲûдȴѾˣԶҲ۾ŵأƺңԹԼԹҳ˦ڣĿһ̣Ҳ֪ڣҪѧ˰ְֵһ书ͲǸͷͲ书ԭôҪԴԺҾͿʼϰ䣬Ҫͷ¼еĻˣҵĶС޷ҵԸģְ֪ҵ뷨֮ȻԸȥðգֻҽ̸Σһ֣ûзˡ
ӢȻ֪ᱻ̣û뵽ͷὫҲȼŭҧͷҵûУ
޺޵ص˵ͷְ֪Ҳǳطŭ˺ڰĹϵڰץסˣ˾죬ִ̣ʲôãҲˣ»ͷĻˣҷҪЩȫ֮ԷԵ˾죬ִ˼˾ֲͰҵؾˡ
ӢֱֺֹܰӦýֲ治֪㸸ж
⻰Ȼû˵ڣֻĬĬĶ档
潲ʱźȻʶԼӢ˵̫ˣ³ҵˣ˭Ҳûиߣû뵽ĪĸһϤЩصİˣҲǲ죬ѧѧģںܿʱھͷԭӲϣ¶һŮ׽ʣʹ˻鲻ԽߣҲѹûôһܹŮǾŮϲĵһ
ԭͷȴһȴӢ˽ģ˵ǿѵװģѾǳӴɫɫŮӶ᲻ʧȥ֮ģǾʵ̫ˡ
뵽ʱѲٴȥӢܣȻ㲻ԸһȥҲǿỹڼҲ֪ԷûУҪȥˡ
ӢһͷС㣬ʵڱǸ
Ц㲻˵ˣ˭Ҳֲ˭
˵Ż⡰̫¥¥µͣ
ߵһɫıʱԣӢܵӢܣǾͶлǾټɣ
˵ž
ӢҡҡͷС㣬ǧҪٿףʲô£һҪ֪ͨңҲܹæġ
һ˵״һҲȥ֣ഥ֮䣬ֻ־ǳĻ治֪αġ
ŮӵȻܾգӢҪɿʱȻüжһĺ㡣
ĺΪɱֵӢ˵ʵ̫Ϥˣ²˼͵ס֣ԼĻһ
ȻӢǶֵģû˾Ȼôһ޳ĽʱɼĳӢܵĻ˹ȥӢְѽ§סһѹԼ¡
ʱѾӦ侲صȾ˵Ĳ´ŭƾҪȥ
ȻͬʱֻóϷһ죬ƺʲôˡ
ΪжϳӦӵʱһ㶣ƾֹͣ˶žӢܵССģǹҪɱ㡣
Ӣһ˵ţ֪ԷһʧҪˣϽһѾʱ֮
ȻձƶΣꡱ죬öӵѾǸղŵλϡ
ʱѾӢܵĻЯСƤͳһµСǹһƺڵȴʱȥ
Ӣܿ˵ⷽĶ֣æС㣬뿪С䡣
ôһ˵ʡ״һһߵĻ̨ǵ̨ȥ
˵⻰һ˲Ѿą֮̊́Ӣܼݵò˼֣ҲǺȻûκεĵ飬èӣ
ձ뻨̨֮ʱ󡰺䡱һı죬ܶɫıʱѾը
Ӣ氤һ龰ȴһ򶨣С㣬֪ʲô˴ɱ𣿡
ҲǾ˵ģû˿֮ɫ֪ЩһЩ󰸣̫࣬벻ǾȻˡ
Ӣ֪ɱֻѾˣ۴ɱɲɹߣԭǹС㣬벻ץסɱ֣


 117 ֶԵУ2
Ӣץסɱ֣ɱõǷǳȷǹԶ㿴ͣΧȫ¥޷жǶģôȥץ
ӢʱѾ̽ͷȥϸĹ۲ͣΧĸ߲㽨ӸղͷǺ㣬ȫжɱֲķͣĶϷ򣬶ľ飬ҲϷһ¥ѵλãС㣬
˵žͿ첽˳ȥҲ֪ҪԼȥʲôطʲô֣ͽš
ӢܴͣŶϷ򴩹ʮ¥͵һʮߵĴ¥£ʱ¥˶ͣıը¥ӿȥ
Ⱥ֮УӢһ۾ͿҪҵˣһŻɫ£ݳıӰһƺװСٵӣʱѾߵһɫγߣ˼ʻѾ˳š
ӢݳıӰһָҲˣȳ˹ȥܵˣʵڲʩչǾ׵ȵǰɫγ֮ʱѾ˳ȥչһ䡣ʧǰ
˾ҪѣҧҧпϧҪͳֻ뾯ϵǿʼ׳ȴһ죬һ˵ܲˡ
ͷһȴӢ֪ܲʲôطŪһոµĦһ滹һʮһһ٣ӢһۣʵڲɱܵҴҶ˴참Ħʱˣȥỹġ
˵ѾӢܵ
Ӣ˵һҡ
ĦУɿĳ˳ȥֻýı
ӢŪĦֻܻ׷ʮӲͼɫĽγ
γҲǳо顣ڲͣĹ۲źĶӢܵĦУҲȻ߶ûٳʻص·Ҫ֪ĦгɣҪ߷Ĵֻһ³ͻᱻ׷ϡ
Ӣ׷һ󣬾֪ǰ濪ҲǸʻ֣Ȼ޷̾ˣ֮һֱʮҡ
úһɫγѾ˽һûٳͨĵ·ϣȫũ
ʱѾֻϵ˾׼֯ءӢӢܣȱ𼱳ȥֻҧסǾܲ
Ӣܻûд𻰣ʱֻǰ׳ϻĿˣǴŷµѾ¶ͷȴһǹӢ׼
ӢѾ֪ӢܴʱǳΣգһӢܣͣҵطáСӵ
ӢҲ˵ȴȻӴţĦе·߸ĳcΣǹʮϤ֪Է۶ʱͣı任·ߣǴŷµǹ΢΢Ĵƫˡ
ʱһҧҲͳǰǹǴŷµ˿ǹӢܵĦпüƽȣֶڸ֮Уӵһûдˡ
Ǵµ˿ǹţۿǹӵֻöˣȴӢܵǰС㣬ǹҡ
һ㶣ڿ
ӢܳܣǹңԷһҵ·ߣܴˡ
һֲΥȣҲûж룬ͽǹǰ˹ȥ
ӢһֻּʻĦУһֻסǹʱֽг·߸ĳֱߣǹ׼ɫγ̥侲ǹ
ǹһͼǰɫųҡҡλƺȫʧأٵԱȻշʮףȻԵһˮ֮С
ӢͣĦУǹݸ棬ĵС㣬ȥǻûУ
Ȼֲ֪򵥣ȴǴ۽磬ӷӦжϡǹȻҲƹгڵľӢûһ˿Դﵽľ磬ʲôˣʲôˣǵУһĺɻΪѾӢܵļ¼˳˳ĵطĶʮȫһƬհףʵ̫֣Ҳ̫˵ˡ
Щͷֻû¶һӢһۣ¹·ȥǰɫγΡ
ܿͷǰɫγ˻΢΢Ķţóֻ뾯ʼϵ׼и˾ȳ
»ص·ϡӢܾ͵С㣬᲻ô㣬Ҫȸˣ⣬ǹ㲻˵ҿİɡ
Ĭһ󣬲ŵӢܣǸǳأҲǳһһβƽعȥҷǳϣ㲻ҪΪҵĵˣǻܵģҡҲ÷ǳź
˵ֵȻҵϺҾûʲôģҴʲôá̫߰šҪܹΪĶ֣һҲδһ¡
ӢҲӢֵݹ˵棬ҲȷΪСϰȥĳУҲ֪Ҫʲô˵ҪֻҵϾҲʲôģᾡԼһȥϼţǣϰһҵŮҲʲô˺£ĲԼôźá
΢΢һЦ˵ʲôֻĦгһ͵ֵģʱ㻹ˡ
˵ͷӢܱ㷢˳ӣﳾȥ
***********************************************************ת۹һܣٹһ죬ӦӢӰĻý˾صһƬ䡷֮ʱˣǰڹѾ׼÷ǳ˳Աȫ˱һ⾰أӢûʳԣƷɸ촺㰲ϷݲĽɫֻҪϷƳ֮ҲԾΪǡ
˾Ǳߣڵ飬ȴԭڱܿġĶСƳһܣӢӰĻý˾ռȻ
磬Ӣѩڰ칫׼ƱٿֳƣͼһϽˡ
ӢƳ˷еһۣ֪Ϊʲôˣ΢Цģ㶼㵽𣿡
ĵ˵ͷǣҸݼ͵ļģ곬йÿһֵ꣬ܣ㿴⣿
˵žͽǵϵ˹
ӢܽУԷĵãģˣȳȥɣʲôһġ
ĴӦһ˳ȥ
ȷһߣӢܾЩȤľ곬й״˼ҳһЩ꾡˵ҵ˸ֵؽ꼾ȵ
ҪҵģϸĿȥӢܷǳ˷ܣΪűʾڹȥһ깫˾߳ɵĵ˲̶ͬȵĿ𣬾һļ꣬׬ǮҲޣҪǣԽļ£ЩеľӪ״ԽĹȻû˵йɶ곬еΧˣҪ۾й֮أƺûʲô֮ˡ
***********************************************************ЩֵܶӢܾܾΪ⣬ô˵أӢܵԸȷһӢһƥֻҪŮ˶ʾøУˣһҲֵдȥˣı϶ǰҲǰţֵǣȥ


 118 ɹ֮
ӢܿЩй곬еݺҲȥķ棬ֻǶѩõѩã곬˲˽⣿
ѩ΢΢˵ͷ֪һЩдƪҵģǷ곬еĳɹ֮
Ӣһϲ̫ˣҴ˵˵
ѩõҪ˵곬еʷǻҪ˵ܶˡ
ӢЦЦվߵ칫һɳϲ֪֪ˣܰսѩãͺúø˵˵ʹĴʼ˵ɡ
ѩõ˵ͷУžһҵ񻰡Ƹ־ʼѡ500ǿʱڡ1962ӰɫݱһСӻңȥ۶Ѿﵽ1932ԪѾƸ־ȫ500ǿҵеڶλڣ꼯쵼˵ĲƸѾ˱ȶǴģٵǰס
Ϊ˾Ĵʼˣܲõĸɽķֶ٣꣬Ϊľ֧µѧÿ̼Ҷ䱦ľӪ䡣ϵĶֹ￵ҲɽķɳƵϱΰҵҡҵĻһгɹĹؼ˿ɱġ
˵ѩöһ٣ֵӢܣ֪֪ɽķֶٹȥʲôˣ
Ӣܻûв´ӦһСܹĥѣŷǷȻԸرǿһˡ
ѩһЦܣ㵹ǲ˸˾Ųʮ
ּ1918ꡣɽķֶٳݵĽһũˡСҾͲǺܸԣ׸ɹְԱũˡմ;ˣǸּۻ۵ĺ֣ܺͽ׵ĶԷΪѡӰɽոĻĸףȻֻһͨͶŮȴõϰߡܰ顣飬ڷܣ˶չ˵úܺáڼҾáĸһֱܽڼЩƷʺɽķ̳ΪԺĳɹ춨˻
7ʱɽķͿʼ㹤ˣţ̺ͱֽ׬Լ㻨Ǯ⻹Ӻ͸ӳۡ18ʱɽķѧѧѧʿѧλιѧѧϯҵֵսɽķȻξ½鱨ŷۡսɽķص硣2ԪӺ׿һС꣬ѧ˲ɹۡۡһżȻػᣬɽѧ۵ĺôʵݡ˵õ801Ԫؼ۸ۣ1.2Ԫ۵һƷϿ׬һǮƷʵϴˣֱ죬һ۸ѧȻĶǺܺõؼ̳
Ӣɵ˵ͷ̾ȻǴˣʵ۸ѧƷ˿ͻѵĹ棬һʮʮ٣ֹ
ѩýŵɽķҵ֮ʱҵгѾءɭһľ߹ģع˾ЩҵĿг׼ǿСΪ̫СֵͶʡɽķذסһ̻ΪСͬҵᡣųеķչսӵĵ˿ڿʼнתƣһƽȥСҵչõͬʱͨͥߵͻ˵˿ڵơɽķĻ˵ǡǣߣ빺ֻҪܱ100ԪǾͻԥ50̵ȥ򡯡ΪӮСĹ˿ͣɽķͼ֤ۡ⡱ΪҵľӪּԭдߡÿһƷҪ̵ˣΪ˴ﵽĿģɽķʼᳫͳɱͷýṹͼ۸ߵؾӪ˼롣
ΪʵһӪ˼룬ɽķ˼Ŭڴҵ֮ȱʽ£ԱԼָľɳоʹķܽͷãΪʵۼ۵춨ɱʼʱ򣬹˾Ŀ3022ά45£Ȼ˴˿ͣɽķԤϵҲĽɽķͼԭ򲢲ζƷϴκ͵ϵԱΪԺֻҪ˿һڣϾȥκ¡
ͼ۸ʾɽķµĻġ
ľӪ֮£Сܿģ۵Ʒʵķ˷Ĺ˿͡1962꣬ɽķֶٴ˾ڰɫ޽˹ǿһٻ̵ꡣ19691031ճٻ޹˾ĽɽķĲȽСռСгȫƽγǻԭ֮ơУɽķּʹ5000˵СҲտΪԺչṩ˸ػᡣ
ӢȻһ̾Ǽߵս۹⣬ɽķ׼ץסûûߡЩǵʱЩ̵깰øģǶڳΪÿһ˿ͶŪͷѪûƵЩСȻôг϶һǿĵڳɳ
ѩõ˵ͷ207080ֶ꿪ʼģšʱȫʼеڶмԼƣɽƶнڵŲԡڲƷͼ۸ϣֶԵͼȫ֪ƷƣӶӮ˹˿͵ϣڷֵŵزԣصѡӪҵڵʵص㽨ġϣֶʼձ˼ǵĿơڵϣֶڿءȴ۶ϵƺҵϵλ80ֲֶȡһߣҪӽų̵۴̶ֱͬʱɹ۽26ͳһƷ͵ĺĸÿֵƷ͵ɸѡ´̡桱ʹֶÿ궼ɽʡ԰ԪƵزִá
80̻ꡰϢţǼʱֶ˹˾2400Ԫһǣ1983귢պáֶȺ󻨷6ڶԪĿǰĵϵͳ׵ĸ߿ƼϢ磬ֶĸŹͨҵ̶Ѹٶ׼ȷͨС
⣬ɽķ1983ֿɽķֲʵлԱƵ̵ꡣÿ˿ֻҪ25ԪͿӵлԱʸ۸ôƷ˵ɽվֲƷ΢΢Ϊ57һͼ۵ʵʩȴ۶Ĵӡ
ѩýӢһۣЦӢܣΪ۹ӦòɽķһһȲ
ӢܵŶһ
ѩõɽױһع60ʱÿȻ430ͿʼֱϣżȻĳ賿400һģԱһͿȡԼŷɻһҷֵܵһҷֵ꣬ÿ4컨ϣʱ8졣ĩľǰͨ300͵칫׼йļͲϡ70ʱɽķһٶÿҷֵΣϤЩֵľԱ˾̫ˣܱÿҷֵˣԾܵܣûһϹ
ӢҲɵõһҲأɽķһˡ
ѩõɽķȷǸֵþˣ꣬һżŨҵĻɫԹ˿ŷǳ׿Խϸµķɽķ˵˿ܹǹ˾ÿһˣֻҪطȥǮͿһ㡣ֻ꣬й˿Ͳϰ壬˿ԶǶԵġҪΪ˿ṩķЩȻǿںţ깫˾һ㡣겻ѡ˿͵һΪںţҰΪ᳹ʼյľӪʹ֮ΪҵĻҪɲ֡
ⶼǳãԱǳæµ̫ɽ֮ǰÿԱﵽı׼µ껹ֻ꣬Ҫ˿Ҫ󣬵Աͱڵ˿͡ġ̫ɽ򡣡
⣬깫˾һġԭ򡯣깫˾ҪԱۺʱֻҪ˿ͳ׾뷶ΧڡԱ΢ЦſŹ˿͵۾кѯͬʱԹ˿͵΢Цı׼Թ˿¶أ˿ݣЩ˿ķ񡣲Ӯ˹˿͵޺͹ԴΪҵӮ˼ֵ޵ءڱΪҵԶչ춨˼ʵĻ
ѩ˵깫˾ʵǳȽӢܣϵʱٽɣҿ˵ֿۡ
ӢʱĽԼĲ豭ݵѩõϵѩá벻㻹йĿı죬ǵô࣬ô塣
ѩúڲ裬ڲ輸ϣЦЦйĿı죬ⶼǱԼģӢܡӦ֪úܿ࣬ԺǰҾ͸ԼһҪȱǿһЩű˲߱ı죬䣬һһظĶгģܹ顣ܱ̼ĺá
Ӣѩ˵ȥֻһûû豻˹ȥڽյĺӣǳԵĿȻҲƽĺģ㰵һ̾ѩãϰ˵ŮģȻû˵
ѩúҡͷǵһʵҾԼ֪ʶȻЩʵľ黹ԶԶ»ṼϰΡ
ӢʱȻ뵽òޣݵӦѩǴգһһ䣬ǣе˵Ǿ̵ʵҲأҪӲͷƤţѩãһŬɡ
ѩһЦϸãһŬ
ӢܾҲ֣һĻ˻ΣȻЦ
ѩÿӢܵЦݣȴӿů˺ԽԽûʲôˣԽ˽ˣԽǰˣʲôݣֻϰԼӢܵһ˽˹ʣˡ
***********************************************************ֵǣȻ֪곬һҳˣΪһЩ鷳û취һ֣һ¿Щ£һ£һҳйأҳиҵϵ˽һ»֪ʶպѧϰҵЩ洦yyС˵δǺ£ѧϰʵļɣȥڹҳе˽ӴܶľȷֵѧϰģϾֵǽӴмˣҲϣҽԽԽã෢ưоðϻģȵǸˡҲнǧѵġ


 119 ı
磬Ӣѩڱʰ׼⾰ȥμӡ䡷Ŀʽ
ƤҪ֮ʱӢܻеֻȻˡ
Ӣͳ˿룬ȴƷɵģΪԼʲôʱ򵽣ͽͨ˵ιƷҺС׼̡
ʱȴƷЩϰ壬õģ겻֪ʲôԵʣȻ˵ҪعƣѾû취ˡ
ӢˣҲһĿǰŮǣڡ䡷ݵһŮǣ⡶䡷ĹΧû뵽ڿǰһȻ࣬Ҳ̫ˡ
ӢܵһӦ֪Բʱоʱ򣬱Ʒɣ̻Ůǣ𣿡
ƷɵܣŮǲǲУҪһʵģҶԷʱеڣºѣŮǵλҲҪһϣ˾ġĶСҪǰˣҲ֪˾ģҪƳǾռϷˡ
Ӣܵ˾Ѳ˹ϵƷɣѾˣҲҪڿʼµŮǣһЩλȻһЩľͷȡһʱ䡣
ƷɵҲֻˣܡ㻹
ӢܿһµѾ֪ͨ˸ý壬ˣûʲôôԸҵģҾƷɣ¡Լš
ƷɴӦһ͹Ҷ˵绰
ѩԱѾӢƷɵĶԻӢܡֲ˾ʱ䲻ŲæԭǴ⣬ǵؾ籾ӦѾˣ֪ŮǶرҪ
ӢЦЦķӦǺܻã˵Ѿע˹ǾʹﵽĿˡ
ѩõӢܣһô
Ӣܵ׶ܲѾ׶ϵһ̸һ̸ҪľҪϼŵʽ𵽱ƬȥʱҵؼƻͿȫʵʩ
ѩõӢܣ÷ȥ˽ؼۣҲ׼Ͷ𣿡
ӢЦЦأ
ѩҲ΢ЦӢܣûв´Ҳջɳ²֮ơȻ˻ᣬƬ־ڱصãôһ᲻ϧ۵ģȻҲȥ꣬ںķΧڽǵؼ۾̧ߣϼƬͶʽԽ࣬ļƻӦԽ˳
Ӣ֪סѩá˵ͷҵȷ㣬ˣŸûģһ㣬Ǿĸ̫ţȻѾ֪ӢܼϼųģͻһһĶԸǣֻҪͣȥ޷侲˼ôҵļƻɹĿԾͻߡ
ѩʱȻһ֮̾ӣһж̫˳ˣΪֹӦûûܵʲô㣬ԼǲʶأӢܣʵ˵С꣬˼ĳ컹֮ϣվͬһϣ͸Ķ֡
Ӣȴҡͷ⵹һˡ
ѩΪʲô
ӢܹܵϼţΪϼڰټдϰǰڻۣҿϮ֮֮Ȼ֪ҵĵˣȴӣϼʵ̫ӴˣְﲻæʵǷڲȱЧĹлɳˣô̯ӣҲδܹԦҪ׷Σ⻹ǳϣΪϼأЩԱҲϲ£ľŻףȻʧٵʱҲʮ꣬ôϼţȷǺѵġ
ѩõ벻㻹˵
Ӣܵⲻǰ˭˵⣬ҵض֣η壬Ҳӣܹ͹۵ķֵԸ˼룬ܸõնֶЧĴ
ѩĬĬţȻԴϰ˸еӢȻûо̵ľ飬ƽľȴųԽ˵ǣӵǣӢǾ̣ǴõĳɾͣϰҲǿ׼һ㣬ŻִдϼƲɵ
ţӢֻܵˣһЦЦȻԼͲµ绰ġ
һͨЩ߰ι˵䡷Ǳ˵˵£ǵŮǺȻˣǺź˵ڵҺʵŮǣ˾в٣ҪҪҰһ㡣
Ӣ֪ǱԼǰĶ˾ĴȨֱ˲Ǳʵˣʱ˵Լɨ˲ٵ棬һһЦܣŮǵһģлĹġ
ʱһԵģҺúõţĴεϼţֻǶһССĳͷٸϼŸʲôһֻõĽѵ
ӢͲ˵ⷽ⣬ֻܣǸôôòŶۣһбҪ˵һ£ǶĹãӦúཻ
ӢܲỹգһᵽᣬִЩԵģ㺦˱ᣬ֪֪ʱʲôӣ˵Щ㣬Ҫǳʲô£ǲŹġ
˵žһӹҶ˵绰
Ӣ΢΢һЦֻպãѩýƱ˵Ȼķŭ˶Լָֻţһ߰ѾʢĶ־ھ͵űƬظϿͶˣֻҪ˽ȥصĸϼصĴ
˵ڶ죬Ӣܸյ칫ңͼĴҴҵ˽ܣѾˣ˾ܾ粸ĹҾ֪Ů˲򵥣ȥֱҵľ͹˾ǽһСʱ̸ȻͲˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷνǺ£˾ˣҲ뷨ǵ̨ӻƬʱ䣬Ҫһ취ûУҵҪƲˡ
ļӢܵ飬ô򶨵飬Ҫ֪䡷ĳɹֱӹϵӢӰĻý˾ķչǶڰҵ˵Ӣܼ˵ҲǷǳҪ飬ܵͿκεʧŭеֻ侲뵭ȻĴ󽫷ȣ̽˼ʮ꣬Ҳ޷


 120 쭳1
ӢܳһֵģŪıƬصĹۣʲôʱܹң
ĵҪ죬ܣƬʵ̫ˣһǣƬ滮۸غܸܶӣʵóֻƫܴߵġ
Ȼ֪ʱ鱨ЩĿӢܲûаı¶Ǹˣиֹϵ뻹ŷḻҵ飬ԼĿǰȱ٣ȷٲˣʵŪǮŪ̫ˣôպʡ
ʱ˵ͷܺãģҾҪһЩؾȷȥæɡ
ĴӦһҪתȻһ£Ӣܵܣ⻹һ£֪ûУ
Ӣܵʲô£
ĵһܵʡһۻᣬģ쭳ȥĶй̽ᾫӢҷǳϲ쭳ҿһ쭳һ̸⣬ǰ죬õĹھܣϲĻҽȥһˣҪ֪μѻĶδй̽ĸҵཻЩѣһкô
Ӣһ˵ͷã֪ˣһῼǵġ
ı˴ǣתȥˡ
ȵһߣӢܾͿղŷĵĻȥμ쫳δܹһЩѡϾӰֻûʲô˸أȤĵһ¡Ĳ˵ѾĹھһŵúܡԼڵĿҪܵƴ̼嶯ŭ޷侲ʧȥж쭳ȴһǰĻᣬοҲѪյͣҲǳһ£һ֮˵ļһγ裬ܻڱĵطء
***********************************************************ӢĬĬ֮Уһܹȥˣ磬ȫý嶼aʡһСĵطΪｫһǳɫȫ̽˶ᵽÿһ˼һĴ㹻޵Ů顣ýȤȴⳡطѾΪй̽䣬ÿһ쭳ͬŮ˳֣һһΣҲ֪һλżˡ
ĵطڡ½ʮϰܵʮЩ缶ԽҰ೵ظ죬ͶǳĿᣬһĶ緢ʻ϶һλŮţҶ֪ĳģȲٴŮܸܲԼɡ
ʱֻһɫԽҰʻܵҶϵرóʱcayenneųԽҰѹʱٿɴ300๫쾫ܵϵͳʹغʯУչܵԡĸֲȫʱʽ̶ȵĴ򻬣һĿüʻ߱õļʻ״̬רʶй죬ܵǵԽҰļ£ϲİ
ʱеý߶ķӿȥܿͿԱߵŮˣֻһɫĺƤ£㷢΢ɲ֮ΣɢȻֻŵױ֬üҶӣһ˫峺ּ۾Ǹޱ˵ľɫŮǶ׹˸ͣļƷʯһֹ
ʱ˽ҶٻǡĶСĵһŮҶٻ˵Ҫˣ벻
ԭȥЩ²⿴ҶٻһˣǰʱһΪ޳
⻹ȻҲǸŮҶٻȱͱҪС꣬ҪȻҪѡҶٻˡ
ĳǿŵģȻҲЩҶٻһۣȴ¶ЦݣŮӣ˾Ӱӻصһۼ͸еر𣬾һŮӺЩͬȻȤǣŮҪǼǺԶҪ¶ЦƫƫҶٻȴƺûʲô𣬸ڣѾ¶ϲŮӵ˼Ҷٻȴֵýһ䲻ȵӣ״̬ǿҪŮ֪ֻŸҵ磬޷󼰵εġ쭳ĴҶٻҪԼķͷ
Ǹ˲ǿʤȻҲ⡣
ڼߵĴӵ֮УĳѾܵϣűʼ
ʱȴһĦгٵܵʻĦкܿסýߵֻͨĦҪö࣬ģһͷĹһ㣬ϵﳵͷòĿ뺷ްĦк䡣
Ƭ֮䣬ĦѾܵͣãǳϵʿƿͷ
Ⱥжʱ˽ӢܣӢܼŵӢܣôˣ
٣㶼ûӢܼЩӴϼԣӢܰҪȥȻӰ졶䡷ȵ£ӢȻ֪˭ɵģ֯ģˣ쭳ûĦгμӹҲ֪ܲʤ
ĳѵ㻹cayenne˭ܹȵϣӢܰ˳䶨ˡ
ܵ˭˭ӮкϷϱǻȥҲý
˵ȻӢˣΧȺдĻҲڶУȴһӣ߹ȥһѾͣܵϴļʮûþͼͷ˹ȥ
ͼӢܣҲµԼˣǲɵ¶ЦСӣӵȷǲСãԼҪѵѵȡ衣
ԱߵҶٻҲƵӢܣȴû¶ʲô
Ӣܵĳԣʱ̥ǣһҶٻ
û뵽ȻӢһ㶣ĪһѹܿͰͷѹסˣĿĳܣҲԵ㲻᲻ӭɡ
ӢЩŵӣһŭʱýѾΧ˹ľͷѾ׼ˣȻʧȥӦеķȣЦԭܣû뵽ݹСұҪģ´Ĺ񣬼Ȼˣдһ³


 121 쭳2
ӢĻ˵ͷҽ̵ָģĦгӦûɣ
ƵĦһۣ֪ͨҲûзϣ΢΢һЦȻУֻҪʲôС
ӢҲЦЦܣҪˣǧҪСϡ
˵֪Ҳش𣬾תֱصĦϣͷȴűĿ
ͷӢȻĿɫȴڰЦĿģҪŭ߰Ϊһļ̌׼µĦпɻ治ǷصҪ˴Ӽ˹ĵһսĦУʱһƵĸʽĦУӵо޴ƶϵͳ8ɲ5002.5ͿɼٵÿСʱ968277.ccʻʱٶΪ˿ֲÿСʱ640ȫʻ˱ڳϣͻɳȥۼ۴ﵽ60ԪӢѾǰԹȻ޷ﵽȫ٣ҪⳡɨһɨӣӦûġ
һڵȴظܵһʮǰ͹ƽϰҲиɳˮ˭Ȧһٹ˭ǹھʱܵһϵĺΪ׼ǺһеĳͿ
ŵﴫġ壬ģһʼǺʱеسǰ
ӢܵλŲæŤţսĦжʱһ޺˳ȥ
ǰһ֮ڣʮ໥Ķţûľ룬ӢܵĦҪɵö࣬ڳдȥȴcayenneԽҰĺ档ȻͲظţǰķ⾵һʤơ
Ȼ͸⾵ӢܵƣʱӼˣĳȻҹյĺܿͳǰ߰Ѿȡȵĵλ
ӢܵսĦȻܹﵽÿСʱ600๫ȻһٶȿˣǾͲܿƵˣҲֻܴﵽ300๫ټܵһЩϰٶҪһЩԽҰٶȲ˶ˡ
ȵʮңӢѾȫȵǰ棬һһСã㳬ңҸ㡣һʱֲʤ˭Ҳܽ˭˦¡
Ӣܼǹ仹ԾʾŷǳؼɣҲǾ壬Ȼ߰ȷи߰ıǮģĳѾְͨҵ֡
ǿǿԸ߳ĳĺʤģȫעļʻſž޴ĦУҧţڻǵһȦûе̵ʱҪϤأϾϰıĦгƵģԽҰֻҪԼע⣬ܿƣĦгֻǰ֣ڸʻУʧȥƽˤҲǿĹܵˡ
Ӣһֱں׷ŲţҲǳԾʱҲûȫܹʤӢܣҶٻʱͷȥ͸󳵴Ų׵ӢܣɫЩ״뵽ǰԼ˵ҶٻӢʶвһҶС㣬ôӢܻ˵ʶأ黹ǳû£
ҶٻͲ⻰̵ͷǺӢʶһǳżȻĻʶģ˵ʲô飬ͨѡ
Ȼ߰ɵϣҶٻ͸һЩǣӢƺ˵ͨô򵥣治ӹһ˿Ӱ
ߣȱŮˣҲûжһŮ˶ģҶٻĪȤľȺ˵ѵãҶٻһֱӵĶСŮǣʱ䳣˫˫ýǰڸŮʾ裬ղųӢʱ¶ʵеһķŭӢܣӢܣȻ֪ð˺ǺԼĶͷϲŮ˾ȻҲйء
뵽ҵϾ뵽õᣬеŭʱԽȼԽ󣬺ȻһŲȽţcayenneԽҰʱʼǰУΣⳡ䣬ڶýǰ̽ǰƯŮǰ䣬ȻάңҲάԼϡ
Ӣܼ٣ҲʼˣѾеµսĦٶȵļӿԽԽᣬо֪ƽﵽ޵ǰԤףмٵĻпܻпµ·ҲԸⳡ˼ʵеļƻһ֮𣬶ʱﾹֳҶٻߵ龰ԸҶٻԼеӣⳡģҪʧˣӦһ仰--ȡ衣
ʤ˶˾ܿ˵һȦʼһȦĳ̣ʱӢܻһλ
ڵڶȦܵʮʱӢ֪ٲðǲˣȻһҧٴμӴţﵽʱ300һûܹٶȣһβƽ̹·˵⽫һԼսˡ
ٶȣȻܿһϵӢܻȻ٣ҲǴΪ𾪣ţȫ׷ţӢܵٶʵǿˣôŬһססʮףѾԽԽ
Ӣּ֮УѾһֿ״̬ȫоսĦеĴڡ
ָоһ֣ӢܾһֲõԤУ֪Լ޷Ħˣټٶȣǿµ£ͻϷ
ҲӢŵ㣬ȻʤԶ侲ֺã֪ϾҪһƬɳشʱʼˡ
ȻٶûоģȻ٣Ħвûͬٶȳ嵽Ǹɳشҳڸɳ֮ϻһΡ
ӢܵķӦ˵ºУǳָһ֮ʱʲôҲû룬ȻԾĦУʶһԼĶڸɳϹʮ֮ͣ£ˣǾ޴ĹȻеʹ֪ѾˣսĦҲʮԶҲҲ֪ܼܲʻ
Ӣܳ£ĦˤҲһ㶣žߵҶٻ췢һжʱһʧ䣬ӷһЩҶٻҶС㣬ҪҪȥѣҿ˲ᡣ
ҶٻʱعѾмԱ̧ŵӢȥָɫãܲˣʲô¡
˵ͷϣﻰҶС㣬Ҳ֪ӢܼŽʱϼŷǳѺãҾԲϣϼŵκǵܲʲôϵ


 122 쭳3
ҶٻˣҲ𻰣ֻܣ쿪ɣЩҲҪˡ
ҡҡͷЩҵĶֵģҲûʲô˼ӢܵǸϧ״
˵⻰ȴӢһȳһյüٶĦУƺ
Ҷٻ״жʱһ˿ϲȴɫһ䣬뵽ӢܸղǺ˵ٶȣﻹҶﵢ飬һţֿʼȫǰʮܱסⳡʤˡ
ӢʱʵеʹرǲӸʹޱȣ֪ԼľѾˣŬҧ֧ţûеյ㣬ⳡͻûнǾġ
ĦУȥһ£ЩˣսĦȻʻ·Ȼһֽ׷ȥٶȾûΪƶԼ
ڷ⾵ҲŬ׷ԼӢܣѾúȻݣȫԲµԸղٶȣӢˤȥԲܲ˵ģ˾Ȼֱܼٶô죬Ķ־ܾͨ߱ӢܣǸµˣһµĶ֡
ʮʱӢѾףʱҲѾԼȫcayenneԽҰٶߵ޿Ӣһʱ޷Խȥ
ۿŵİ˹幫һӢܵĦȻβһѾյ㣬һϲȽȫȥ
Ӣõʤ׵ܵѾǳƽ̹ʺϷսĦеܹƣʱӴţĦʱ֮ﵽ450ٶȡʱĴǰ˳ȥٶһֱֱյ㡣
Ӣʱ̳ȡˡ쭳ĹھеĹڶĿɿڴҷκεĻ˻
ӢʱѾͣ˳ժͷֻͷѾתˣʵԼļƻܵļŭȳҲͣ˳Ҷٻһ˳˹ȥ¶ʤߵ΢ЦһֵֻܣıֵܾͶˣǸл
ӢˡҪԼ΢΢һƳҶٻ죬ŵǣŶӢ۵ĳݣΧýҲ׷׽ͷ׼еŭֲ֪òȥյܵĳããαĹھ㵱֮һǻ䷢㣬ܣ˲ᣬҪҪ㵽ҽԺȥ
ӢЦЦлĹģʲôҾͲҪˣһĦУͲܷˡ
˵žתȥûȥҶٻΪ֪ҶٻȥĿеذӾ棬ԼҲЩܣӦףǣȻᵱýֳʶӣֻϣܺúõĶ
սĦУ˵ע뿪ˡӢܾ͵һҴҽԺԼƾᣬ뻹ҪסԺ͸ѩô˸绰һˣμӡ쭳£Ӣܲûи
ҽԺҵ˹ǿҽܿϳǲشˣϼദˣҪסԺָܻܲӢܾԼȥԺǱҽˣȻͦסҲǴв죬ֻȫһҲ֪ʹǲǱȱҲһЩ
ȵӢ˶Ĳϣ׼ҽԺƣȫԼϵʹ糱ӿʵЩֲסˣƴҧţҪ˽ԼжǿֻҪȫܶ;ᵹµűκεʱҪĥԼҪʸһˣһˡ
***********************************************************ѩǰСʱ֮ҽԺģȺüڲϣϰŹ̶ּܣͷŵεӢܣѾȫò԰ˣ˵ߵӢܣӢܣ㵽ôˣôŪӣ
ӢܲѾܶȻһνģһСˣûʲôϵ
ڵѩ˵ӢռȫķģӣȦʱͺҲ̲סĶЩʣЩԹĵСˣӣôСˣӢܣ㵽׳ʲô£Ұ
Ӣ֪μӡ쭳Ӯȡùھ£ýӦúܿҪǳˣҲѩãȥμˣ쭳ֻû뵽ĳ治ƴȫӮֻǲСķһγˣûʲôҽ˵ˣϢһܾͻõġ
ѩöŽŵΪʲôңҲһȥһҲӦ
ӢЦЦȴû˵
ѩȻǲþǸңҲﲻʲôæ˵Ҫ¡
ӢܲѩãȷΪ˵ûʲôҪû뵽ѩõķӦǿңǾӨˮǸжܿͰͷŬѹԼͷ
Ӣܹѩãɴһ绰֪ͨ⼸Ҳܵ˾ȥˣ˾һһЩͱ֪ͨңѩãʱҲ٣ԤúʵĿǰֻܹȻȥɣлʿտţʲôһͻˣͦġ
ѩһҧ촽ҡҡͷЩǿĿӢܣһ첻ãһ첻뿪ģģҾͳȥЩļˣᵢ鹤ġ
˵⻰ĬĬԱߵɳϡ
ӢѩãʱҲعԼҶٻӦóϣ۶ǿ͵ˣڲܹõŮ˵ϸ㻤һů£ŮˣҲֵȥأֵȥǻֵȥƫƫһˣһɼˣһ챳Ѵϰ壬ҪеĽߣһȫµɵԼܹǴϰ֮ʶ֮ѣѰ
һ󣬷ҲҴҵĸϵҽԺӢܵӣȻЩԾ֪ûд󰭣Ȼûѩs
ӢܲԼӰ쵽˾תֻ÷ɴһҪǻȥˣɼŶѩӢܽޱȣжĽ˴Ǿͻȥˡ
ѩüɫʱһȵӢܵĵ꣬ʼϢԼʹҴ˳ȥ


 123 Ů˵ģ1
ѩóӢܵĲһСʱңŴСĶ˽ͷЩ㺹ȴҲ˲ȥá
ӢܴʱѾˣѩЩ߽˲Ķ֪ȻЩʳ֮࣬ϴҶٻԼҲҶٻС˵ģѩøϲ֪࣬Ρ
ѩڳæµ˺һ󣬲˳ӢܵӢܣһ㳢ҵգҸճȥҽˣܹͯѪкôͯѻĲ˺üҳвҵġ
ӢԼѩֵôܰ࣬Ӣܣʵ㲻֪ʱȻϰ㹻ݳ޵ѣҲûôãķҲСȴܰŪԣֻǺصйûʲô³ˡ
ӢܵʵòŽԼģϰǮ
ѩҡҡͷǽԼԼ⣬ӢܣһֱΪǮһ˵Ҫģݳ޵Ҹˣϲּ򵥵һܰؼҡһҰҲҵġˣһ£Ȼŵʱһȥ֣ȥΣǸжð
Ӣܼѩ˵ЩʱŹâ¶Ц⡣ȷеһ룬вһ̾򵥶ƽҲǲ룬ֻԶ
ѩ˵⻰ͺӢܵطӦɫвû¶м֮⣬жʱһϲӢܡ˴ϰ񣬻ϼţһ漣ϰʶ㣬᲻㣬ӽԺ󡣾ͲȥðյˡţϰӦûɫɱ֣Ӣܼţ벻ģ롭лᣬܴһȥΡ
ѩ˵⻰϶ʱúϼܲ¶ʵڷǳˡҪӢܣԼĿеǸˣǸһ֣һεˣԼǻȫȫİġ
Ӣʵ֪ѩöԼѾΪһĿ꼰һεһĸˣ벻ڽôȷ˵ڷɿ˼λشĻûʸκһŮӳŵģֲѩġ
һŵѩãһû⣬˴ϰ彻һ͹˾е˶ȥεģҿĵһ£˵òã
ӢĻشѩȻǸеޱȵʧȻ治֪ԼĵλһֱĵᷢԼ̫ĶҺ޾ܾĽӽˣƲԼֻǽԼΪһ飬һһظκθ԰¡
뵽ѩñһᣬһŮ˵ʲôԼǵزհŵԼʹ࣬øγϵѩñϾҲһƽŮˣܿľ͵Լס˱ˣôԼģԼεεİɺӣȥжˣ֪ԼǸʲôŮˡ
ǿ¶ЦðǾʹһȥɣ빫˾׳󣬵ʱһܶࡣ
ӢܵԽһͻ֡
ѩõ˵ͷϣӲ̫á
ӢܳʵֻҪҵļƻеһ˳Ҫ˶õģʹܳ״ϼţҲԪˣϰ˵ϼŵܲûʧ٣ȥһصĵطҲ֪᲻֡
ѩõӢܣʵһǳһδܹۣ߰ţȥֵΣգ侲ǣ˼뷽棬ܹʤģϼŲǲܱƣ֣˵Ǹǳı㣬ʱֻ㲻Ķ֡
Ӣԣϲû¶κεη֮ɫһ˷ܣ̫ˣ֡
ѩõӢܣס̳ϽֻνǧҪȥĶ֣һɲˣϵͻ¡
ӢܺȻߡһҵ书ȷǳҵ󣬵ѾʱˣҲҲǺ¡
ѩõôǹ
ӢܵҺҲûޣϰҲûɱˣԲƲԵʱǲǹģҲñһٵҡ
ѩвһҪֵֵزӢֿʼǹҵԣôƽֻԶܴﵽˡ
ӢԼԭȻ޷ȥӰˣ뵽ాòˣæ߽˳ûãͶһڵͯﻹСףߵӢܵǰӢܣ㳢ζ᲻ᵭ
˵žҨһףӣᴵ˴ȥ¶ȣιӢܵߡ
ӢܴʱҲͳԣֻǳɿڣʱѩã㰾պܲ㣬̵Ҳʡ
ӢѩʱʵڱԼʱõŵȻģȻһЦ໹ĿζĻͶһﻹУŪ
Ӣĵ÷ǳˣѩĿź룬ȵʱѩֻʢ룬Ӧûˣ뵽ûгԣʱͣЩ˼ĵѩãҴģæ˰죬Լȴһڶûг
ѩһЦⱾŪԵģѾԼ˶ԣ㲻õġ
һ˵ţһ߽ʣµȫιӢܵ
Ӣܵһٴߴ£ѩֽ˳ԼŪˣһͶһԵȴ档
ѩüӢû£ȥ˵ӣջ̨ӢӰȴڡ쭳ʱˤͷ֣ѩȻ֪Ӣܲ޴󰭣ôٶˤҲͣĹȻǿͣ
ͷֳܿӢܵյĳ棬ߵҶٻǰʱĶԻѩòûȥһֱҶٻһֱȵǶŽŵӢܣһֱףҶСѣô޶ԡ
ӢܵҹûкģϾҪΪ˾ľǣʱرĹգʵڲȥӰ
Ů˵ıԣѩʱһֱڹעҶٻıҲ֪ţʵͦˣӢܹȥȥҶٻһЩ²⣬ҶٻԸ۵ӢӰĻý˾Ȼһý֣ôҶٻӢӦò̫ĹϵԲŻ˾ȥĲ²ƺǴ


 124 Ů˵ģ2
ѩöͷӢһЦӢܣ㿴ҶСͦģҶСҲǴգ㲻ҶС㻹и޵ȥҲǶԵġ
Ӣ뵽ԼҶٻ˺ܴ󣬾ͲȻˣѩõĻиĪЩѹɵðԼ̬˼ӢܰӢܣܾҶٻģһˣӦˣΪףǣʲôѹģǸĪĻ쵰
ŬԼȥҶٻһ֣Ц֪ǰҶٻеİӣֻҪóԸˡ
ѩȻ֪ӢܾҶٻ뵽һ£ɵӢܣҪҶС޸ˣҵϴ֪ҶС᲻㣿
ӢҡҡͷûӹܣҴܣϼܵشӦûкܴĲҶٻӦˣ˵ܵѵһ༸ֳ죬ټְҶٻ˵Ҳһ¡
˵ţ⴫˻ʿС㣬ҪҵλĲһ䡣Ů
˵֮䣬Ѿ˷ǳĸ߸ЬŲһīźɫµŮ˾˽
Ӣѩǻʿ۾һֱ⣬뿴˭ˣŮһſڡͶ˳ҶٻŮ˾ǸղŻ̸۵Ҷٻ
ҶٻһݣժīһģӢܣߵѩáһ˿Ĺâ¶ЦݣӢܵӢܣ벻Ůѻô㻹ݣûи
ӢѾе⡣Ҳָֻ͡ѩõλѩС㡣
ʱѩѾҶٻ˹ȥ֣ѺõЦҶС㣬ǰҾ㣬ڵϿӣ˵ʵ㱾˱ڵϻҪƯöࡣ
Ҷٻѩã󷽡͸֮ϿȷǱԼҪһЩǱһ£ҲȥסѩõʲôƯģһûʲôŮζСѾͷС˵Цˡ
Ů˵еءҶٻ˵⻰գһ˵⻰ѩþ͸еؿԣ仰ƺ˵Ӣģô˺֮Ͳͨˣ̲סӢƳһۣȴûʲôӦ
Ҷٻѩ֣;ֱߵӢܵǰһϰŸּУԹʱʧ࣬ӢܣӦû°ɡ
Ӣܵûʲô£ҽ˵ܾͺãҲʲô֢
Ҷٻ˵ͷǾͺãӢܣƽʱͦصһˣôǱһƵģôǿ쫳Ĺھ˵ôҪ𣿡
ӢܲûֱӻشֻҶٻؿңӦò֪ɣ
Ҷٻҡͷ֪ںЩѺȾƣԼġ
ʱֻѩЦŵҶС㣬һ˺üҽԺɣˡ
ҶٻҲ֪ѩ⻰ǳĻǳԼôѣС㣬㲻ҪᣬҺӢûʲôģһˣȻҪһ
ҶٻԽô˵ѩԽеӢ֮ȻʲôԼ֪飬ӢܵŮԾӣҶС㣬ǲҪᣬҸܵŮѣֻ˾˽˹ʡ
ҶٻһɵӢһۣҧҧ촽˽˹ʣʲôְôû˵
ѩ΢Цǹ˾еְܻ͵ģɣҶС㣬һҪ˾ȥһЩļ鷳տһܣòã
ҶٻһЩҪӢܵ˵ѩõǶ£˵ͷǺðɣС㣬¾ȥˡ
ѩþЦһͷ˳ȥ
ѩһߣҶٻӢܵĴǰͷιӢܣ˽˹ʵʲôģǲһࣿ
˽˹ʡһְǴϰΪӢ裬ȻҲ͵̫࣬ͷ޷͡šһɡ
Ҷٻ˽鵹ǷǳƯģӢܣ㵹ǿԿһ°ͦõģѧҲͣгŮζӦúܷҪ󡣡
Ӣܼ˵Ŵ̶֪Ҫǽȥ˵Ǿ͸ˣԹصĵҶٻף㣬㲻ȥҪʵˡ
Ҷٻ˵⻰Թ֮ɫһ˫۽ĶףңӢܣ׷ңĺܿ𣿡
ӢܸоҶٻҪԼƵģŬĿԼƳκεĲԣȻģ㲻˵еİ㲻ΪѣҵȻ㿪ġ
ҶٻȻͷðû˵һ̧ͷӢܵҵ£ҲˣӢܣ㣬Ҫһ¡
Ӣܼһɫʲô£ֻ˵
Ҷٻǲ䡷ŮҵûУ
ӢҡҡͷûУƷҺʵѡܻҪһʱ䡣
Ҷٻ˾ġĶСҪˣӢܣǲһȽӰƬƳгͻӰ쵽ġ䡷
ӢܵһͷܣӦҲ֪ⲿĶСģڶ࣬˭Ҫĳ˭ͻȻ𣬶ںĴҶΪǸ֮ˡ
ҶٻǾ˵Ҫˡ
ӢܵһЦҲ䣬ʤ˱ҳ£Ѿ˾ӮһⲿӰƬˣҲֻ˵Ҵ˸ƽ֡
ҶٻЩżĵϼŲƴһҲνͲͬˣ֪ô˵Ӣܼŵ˵һֻܻ˵ĿտǣЦ⣬֪ߵغսϼţȫǮ˾ȫȣƽϣʲôɡ
Ӣܵô˵Ҳں
Ҷٻݺݵĵһ۵ںӢܣ㵹˵ɣԸƲݣȻ㲻Ҳ㣬ǮȥǱҪǻ꣬ٸʮڰڵģܲ¡
ӢȫܿҶٻԼĹģҲȺģȴҶٻ˵¾𣿡
ҶٻҧҧȻǣӢܣǣҵĹ˾ȥΪ䡷ŮǣԸԸ⣬ҵΥԼͱ촺Ǹߵöˣϲ֧


 125 Ů˵ģ3
ӢҲû뵽ڡĶСǰһ죬ҶٻȻȻ˵ԼĹ˾ôζҪ׷ʧȥ̵ĻᣬҶٻ˵ƺ̫һЩ
ҶٻҶٻ˵ĶģǿЦɣ
Ҷٻ˭㿪Цֻ㣬ԸԸҵĹ˾ΥԼϲϸ֧ʵľ˵ϻԼ
ӢжʱһϲҶٻҪڡĶСǰԼԼġ䡷飬ôȦ˵һţȱ˵һֲҡ䡷ᱻýѳ÷зǻû꣬Ѿɹһ룬ҪǣǾǽٵĴﵽҪﵽĿ꣬ǳǿҵĴ̼ŭʧȥ侲жϣʹԼռƻĳɹҪ߼֣һľϲ
ܿ侲ҪҶٻô˵ʧ棬ҶٻҲ֮ǣᱳһƫϼŵýҶٻǧָʲôĻܹ
뵽̲סҶٻҶٻ֪ҷǳϣܼҵĹ˾ΥԼʲôҲû⣬㿼ǹôĺ𣬻У̵ĻҲûˡ
˵ֵҶٻ֪ȻǺܺõѣΪˣҾϣ̫ңס
ҶٻʱȻЦӢܣΪ¾ֻһˣ˶ûдԵɵϡ֮ǰͺúõˣһҶģ֪Ǹ˲غϰ壬Ҫδػ˾Ĺϴ⡣ҪǺúþӪӢӰĻý˾Ҫʤ˾ҲûпܡڶʱȻҺãЩǮĹӸ˵˭֪컹ʲôŮ˺ãǸǸӣ˵˼ꡣǵԽԽˣҵżҲĺ̵£ǿأҾòʵӢܡʲôĿ඼Թʲô˶ɲֻεС
˴һ٣ֵҲԼǵģʱ뿪뿪˾ƫƫĹ˾ôҵ֪Ȼһҹ֮ߺüЩرӰӺҲδҳͷҲǷǳѵõĳᣬһҪúõİա
ӢĬĬҶٻŮ˵Ļеȴᵽһ㣬ǾҶٻʵǷǳںԼģ첻ۼԼˣʹľһΪԼڡ쫳ֳôƴҪ뱨ʹ˳䡷飬ʹʱӳ¡
ҶٻӢֻҪԼƵأæһιӢܣ㵹ȷı̬ôҵһȥͺðš
Ӣ¶ζҪŮӣ㣬ΪйֿȵĴǣҲٲԥ˵ͷãҶٻǾ˵ˣͻȥʰһ˽㵽˾ȥ
ҶٻӦҲøˣЦҪϰˡ
ӢҶٻԼָֻյ̬вһɣ΢ЦʶӢۣͶķϣҾ͸һȨ˽ϰܣȻӢܾͿˡ
ȻѩֻӢܵʲô˽˹ʣ߻ûʲô޵Ů˳֣ҶٻͻûģӢ̬ܵȻŸƣģ룬߰˶ʱԼ˳Ǿ֤ԼģҲҪ˶ãӢܾͻᷢԼŵ㣬ϲԼϾ˵ǻģԼҲģߣޣѵԼͰ粻𣬱Ǹһеģһ죬ҪԵͷתݵԼʯȹ¡
뵽ĳһӢһõ廨ԼΪǸΣҶٻʱӣꡱһЦ
ȻһЦӢŪĪˣ벻ôģιҶٻͶҲò˰ɡ
Ҷٻ֪ʧ̬΢΢һ죬һ۵ǰ뵽ĵӰҲ˲ãз˿׷ǩȻͻˡ
Ӣ⻰ҲɵҡҡͷŮˣ׻Ҳ
ʱҶٻ뵽һ£ӢܣҵҪһڰɣ롣
ӢܼҶٻûôԹԼˣҲɣʱǻ򵥣Щý˵ûҳ˧￴ȥ;ҵĹ˾ˡ
ҶٻһҧҪȥ뵽ˣɱʹס֣һµ˵˵ġ
Ӣ֪ûнڻҶٻǳʱҲסЦݣ˼һǾСٿһŷᣬʽӢӰĻý˾ھ˵˾ĹǳңʺķչԲŻѡǹ˾
Ҷٻһ㶵ô򵥡
Ӣܵô򵥣˵˷£룬˾ҵʵýﶼػмʱȻ˳пֲܽ²⣬һ־ٴԣؽȷ䡷ʤڶֲ²ʲôʾֲǺԸ⣬ټǹ˾룬ԻȻۡ
Ҷٻ˵ͷЦһֿܲµ˿϶࣬ڶ־ûˣ˭ŮԱӢ˧йһʯϼܲʣҪ֪֪жŮڵĻᡣ
Ӣܵ⵹δأ㲻еһ𣿡
Ҷٻ͵͵ƳһۣĵҪû㣬ҵȻҲܾģ˭ôɵ
⻰Ȼ˵Ҷٻܱô²⣬Ҿô˵
Ӣ޷ͷšһҶٻˣҶôˣ
ҶٻҲҪ˵ҪһʲôûѧʦҲܻһ룬ݲͬˣӢܼ뵽ȱˣɣһҪʲô£ѧѧ̵ı죬ʶЩҲá
Ӣ뵽ҶȻҵ˵Ǹˣ˾Ҳûʲôϵ˵ðɣҶٻȥ䡷⾰Ƭ꣬ȥҶ󻪽ȸһű˺úѧϰһ¡
ҶٻӦǾ˵ܵҲлܹˣǺˡ
˼䣬ҶٻҪǻȥʰҹͶӢܼţȻ쿪ŷͷ䡷⾰ء
ʱŲһʿִŮ߽ӢܵĲ


 126 Ů˵ģ4
ҶٻŮһʮңһǳɫѿˣŰɫţп㣬ģǸѧɫѩò崿ǸС˶һŮ˵ͺԼӲĸһĺɫƤ£Եȶˣɫ𪣬ӣټΪ£Ůм֮뾱㷢ü͸һӢ
ҶٻһһСŮҲ֪ʲôȴӢѾᣬ棬ôˣ
֣Ҷٻʱһ벻ҵĶССͬʱԼǰ֣ҶôвɵһӢܣǲôȴٲŮǸѩãλС㣬òԼ֮£Լһ˼ֻҪˡ
Ҷٻں˼ţҲѾƼҲһҶٻɣڵϿ㣬⼸Ҹߵͦġ
Ӣ֪ЩãҶٻҲǸǵĹҶٻæҶٻҵѣ֪ˣҵġ
ҶСѣû뵽Ӣܣȥڷ絹ͦ
ҶٻʱѾ˹ȥֻһС䣬ӢȻˣСĴѾ׹
˵žȥ
ƯҶٻѾӢܲҪԼŮйأҽڵϿǺ͸һģȴӢܵĲǰһĴͷԵúȵӣҲա
СءϾ¶˲ɫ
һֱԱվš˼ȻҪö࣬òҶٻ֪Σ㼫ҲȥҶС㣬á棬ʶǳˡ
ҶٻɫѩʱΪʲôӢܹŪõһǮԼָ䣬ʹӢܣڿ˵ϲ޵ŮˣǸô£ѵԼŮζˣɺ޵ˡ
ʱԵǺƶֳӢ棬Ҳ˵ŵĸҴС㲻ƫƫȥҪؾСĴϵȻӢܲʲôϵģҲЦŵС㣬ʶҵңȥһֱ㳤ʲô֪ˣ벻ôƯ
ʱЦôؾŮӾһҪ֡Щ˶Աһô
Ҷٻ˼ЦЦʵҲô֪´㲻ƯƢҲá
˵ĳԼŵһۣǾ䡱ã˼ҶСħŮû˵
֮ѾߵӢܵĴǰӢܣû°ɣ
ӢûпڿĽԼϹЩ޷ͷ͡šһûʲô£ᣬ㻹𣿡
Ȼ֪˵Լڼ£˵ͷģ˼죬нţûʲôˣ֪ԼСҲûʲô죬㲻ϲҲģǹѧֻҪ㻹ûн飬һǻء
˵⻰ҲҶٻһۣȴʾ
⻰ҶٻСʮ̸ҲӢܾܾˣʱһˣ޲ȥӢһڣ¶ҪӢܼνˮ¥̨ȵ£Ӣ滹ͦģԼܷκεĻᣬȵѧҲҪ꣬ʱ˵У֪˭ҵ¡
Ҷٻ뵽ҲؾһۣȻλС㣬ˣǺӢġ
˵Ӣգգۣʹ˸ɫʾǧҪԼҪ۵£֪鷳ˡ
Ӣ˼΢΢ЦЦȻ˻֣Ҷٻ˳ȥʱòЦŵ˵ͷ
ȵҶٻһߣȴղλϣ¶žĽ۹⣬ЦŵӢܣ㻹ᰡȻȥ쫳ӮҸ磬һ׼ùǺ
ӢܵӮ磬㵹Ƿǳˡ
һƫͷȻҸʲôã̫Ϊ˶ҡ㣬ϴλҵ书˹㣬һȥʲôܸ˵ģұ;ó书ǿ
ӢܾԼͷ·ڿǳݵżһҲԼŮĿеռݵĵλ̫ߣ͵ʵĳȷǷǳģҵĦзǳرӮҲǷǳҡ
һ쫳ûй涨ʲô˾Ӯˣǫʲô顣
ʱҿ˿ǷʲôƵģѽӢܣﻹûչ㣬ɣ뼸٣㣬òã
ӢܼɫЩ˷ܣƺҵ˺ԼһĽڣа˰ɣС̣չң㲻ûҪҷչ㡣
æˣСһֱģֻ»ع˾һҪļӦҪˣ㻹ǻȥúöɡ
һֱվĺû˵ʱõļᣬӢ˵òˣӦʲôúѧϰĿǰӦ£Ӣܵ£ǲᷴԵģҲҪȵһЩ˵
ʱ漸Ǵ粽ᣬ£浱ҲȥӢˣҲѾָ˹ȥĸ飬ĻǺӵġ
µ˵ͷðɣģÿһ㣬˵Ӣܣ㲻᲻ӭɡ
ӢȻܾðɣǣñ֪ʡóܡ
нֹҿɲ
ʱȻᣬлӢ̸ܵһ̸ȥһ£òã
ΪҪӢ̸Լ£ˬĴӦһ߳ӢܵĲ
˿̷ֻʣӢˣһӢܣһһлľ֮㣬һǹҪҵˡ
ӢܵС㣬ôֻǾ֮ͣŶˣ˾Ȼʲôˣ
ͷȻˣҲ˹һУ촴ķＯɱ֣ŷǳӴ˽֯ǹ֧˵޶ıɡǰʱǻǵڲȫķ֤ݣһ򾡵ʱȴͨıɡ͵͵֪ͨǣֻץסһˣＯŵͷĿͷӥȴˣܵȴΪܲʱҴ䣬ըˣԡͷӥѾǺ֮ǣĴҪɱңִеû֪ҵʵݣڲ⣬˸ҵݣǲŻ׷Ǹҿǹ˴ºŽߡǸܷḻɱ֣㣬Ҳúܡ


 127 Ů˵ģ5
˵ȴֱúϬӢܣ˵һҲǸǳɱ֣ûôоңôжϳľ巽λǳǹһеĶ֣˵õ׶Բԣ
Ӣܸо۹ԼϣǺεȵĺãȫ治ɫֻЦЦ߳һ͸߹ңҵȷЩľɱһУʵİúܣܾ㣬Ҳȫɡ
ѾٴͨӢܵĵϸּᣬľһ񣬶ӢܼŵʽԴҲǳأ˳˺˼ɣҪ˵ҲǴӱ¾ãȻִӶӥ¾ԼԲȴͨϷģʵ޷һ⡣
ӢܵĻҲ֪˵ʲʲôֻõӢܣҲʲôˣȥʲôĸҲˣһЩˣӴ˶һЩˣָҲѸı䣬ҲϣʲôΥҵУӢܣǸˣӦҵ˼ɡ
ӢЦЦףô᲻ףС㣬ģӢܼžǷǳҵ˾һеľӪΥйɡҵ£Ҫ֮˵ˣϣܹЩ
ӢܵĿƺó֮ĹϵȷҲһ̾ͨʱĽӴÿеߣʵҲõ۹ǲġӢܵĵӻɾĻôȷһˣһǳаȫĵˣֵǣ˵ãԼ֮ϣ˵ǰһһĪİȫУһûеĸоһ˿Ļң͸ղҶٻõǲԣ֮ô򵥣ҲһŮӢܵˣһջŮ˵ħħӰ쵽ǿԼ̫ˡ
һˡһңߵ⣬һվãӢܸǣҲ֪Ӣ˵ЩʲôԼ˵û컹ҪҲǿӢܺܿɰһЦ͸Ž˳ȥ
Ӣܵȵҽһߣ뵽һ£кȻͷǳ˵Ǹ촴ķＯŷǳӴ󣬶ͷĿӣ汻ڲ˳Ѿ¶ǸӥȻѾʧֱץˣľ飬ԷǺѻֵأ뻹֯ĹĹ޷ԤϣǧҪᣬԼȻ֮Щ϶ҲϣᱻһըȻը÷ǣϼŻʱ֮ҳһţлɳˣʤǵõˣҲκε˷ܡ
ţѩðһļѾҴҵ˽ֻӢһˣЦôҶС
ӢҪ˵£šһѩãһϢҶٻѾڽ뿪˾۵ǹ˾Ǹģ䡷ĵһŮǡ
ѩѾµҶٻӢ֮䲢ͨô򵥣ҲԼ֮У뵽ҶٻȻ۶Թ˾Ӱ죬ʱҲܵЦģ̫ˣӢܣҶٻһǹ˾ǡ䡷ɹˣӢӰĻý˾ͻῪһǳõľ֡
ӢܵҶٻļ룬ǵȷãƬصľ꣬ζҪҶȥˡ
ѩõ˵ͷӢܣļƻһʵ֡
ʱȻһ£ˣ˵ϰѾ֪췢£ҪͨѾѵ绰ˡ
˵žͳֻһ룬˽ͨϰѩãѾܵĲˣҪҪ˵
ֻﴫ˴ϰñãø
ѩþʹӦһֻӢܵĶߡ
Ӣܸ˵һϰ壬Ӣܡ
ֻһ˴ϰӢܣû°ɡ
û뵽ϰԼƣӢжʱһȣû£û£ܾͻḴԭģϰģҲӰġ
ϰӢܣҴ绰㣬ȻҸ㾡ϼŵ񣬵ȷǷǳѵ£ʱıѾҷǳˣԲҪ̫֮£ЩðˣӢܣסʶˣûбҪðյʱ򣬾ҪԼҵûУ
Ӣֻõǣˣ´λעġ
ϰ׾ˣúˣӢܼŵʱһߣûйϵ
ӢܴӦһǱ߾ͽ绰Ҷˡ
ܾѩѾԼԼϰӢܵĶԻջֻϴЦݵӢܣ¿ɺϰҲ˵ϼŷǳѣͲҪٸԼôѹˡ
ӢܴܵϰѹҶᾡ̵ʱڻϼţʵҸԼĿ꣬Һ뿴Լûܴͣܲһ漣
˵ѩãҰһ绰
ѩõ˭ģ
ӢܵҶٻģҪʰûУҪʰˣҾͽзȥȵȥŷ֮ҪȥƬˡ
ž˵һֻѩðͨ˺󣬾õĶߡ
ӢѾҶٻιҶٻﶼ׼ûУ
ҶٻѹѾ׼ˡ
ӢܵڻڲѵǱߣ
ҶٻѾˣ˵·ĵ鱦Ҿˡ
Ӣܵã˻ٴֻģȵҵıȥסһ
ҶٻӢܣ뵽һ
ӢܵУ쿪ŷʱһҪֺõ״̬ҸžҪȥ⾰ˣúõϢһ¡
Ҷٻڵ绰Ӣ˵úܶȻֻεĵ֪ˣ֪ˣͲΪڴϵӺܿ˭ϡչڡ˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣܽͨѩõ߷Ҷٻĵ绰룬ȥҶٻȥ֪ͨһЩʡý壬˵ӢӰĻý˾һǳش±ҪǵӢܴȥһˡ
ѩõ˵ͷȸĴ˵绰Ȼ֪ͨʡһЩý
һСʱңӢܾͽӵ˷ĵĵ绰˵ѾҶٻӵ˱ҶٻƺӢܲǰҲûи绰
Ӣ֪ӣҲ⣬Ϊʱڿʼ˼Ƭص£ֻҪ˽ȥϼŵʽʼתѣҪܹˡ


 128 1
˵ڶ磬ѩþʱ뿪ҽԺȥҶٻŷᣬһֱȵŻȻӢԤϵȫǶȦµһöذըǵķӦǳļңҶٻҲʮֵļ񣬲Ҷٻȴֵüǻ侲ӢõĻش˸λߣĻһˡ棬ŷһʹҴȥ˻䡷⾰ȥˡ
ϼŵķӦҲǳѸ٣ӢӰĻý˾ŷ֮磬Ҳٿһģܴŷᣬûвμӣڻ˾ǴҶٻ壬ӰӢܼ쵽һʾ޿ĶСʽģҶٻĵһŮ㶥档
ϣֵӢܵĲȻѩõһμ棬ͺܿкŮְҵ˫УֱиʵŮӢܹϵһ㣬Ҳõδġ
Ѿָ˹ȥӢܵӣҲʼˣ̸оͽҶٻ£˵ѾaʡǷɵذ칫ȥˡ
˵£õķӦȴһǺϣܹܵһЩպûô߸ϡϰѵˣ࣬ǰʱԸҶٻſò٣Ȼ֪絽ϲϲҶŮӡӢܵһ֣ȷøϼţҲ޹⣬˴ϼԡΪŮһԱ龰ʵڲԸҶӢܵҲԽԽءһҾϲˣԼöо֮ԼҲӲܰʱ治֪ľ֡
ܵʱܿ͹ȥˣӢܵѾָֻҪ̫ھת糣ȫԵ˾ȥ칫ˡ
ԺڼϢһ죬Ӣܾͺѩõ˹˾ս칫ңӢܵһ¾ǽ˷ġ
ӢܣĸϽʺãӢܻ˻֡ʾغԼףȻ͵ģǿصԤ㶼ŪҼǵòٹʮ죬Ҫʼˡ
ľ֪Ҫ£æܡģѾŪˣԵһȡ
˵ž˳ȥûһֽһļܣﶼзǳ꾡ͳƣһضֵǮжֵĿռ䣬Ҷ˾ȷĹˣӦò˶١
һ˵һ߾ҪǵļӢܵذ칫ϡ
ӢܶݲûȤļһĿ˵˵Ҫݡ
ĵǺãܣʲôʰɡ
ӢܵǿܼǶ٣
ıǷļĹһٰʮڣϽؿﵽϡ
ӢֵǹֵĿռأ
ʱ¶˷ǳ˷ܵɫǳ޴ܣһµϢǴﴫģ˵ȥҾaʡһֵĹ˼ɣûʵʩһκҪˣһѾΪҵ³ǣпִܻ治ͬҵߣغһһķ⣬ǽ֮󣬽ȫȫĴƹ˾פҵֵѾǷǽɱըʽܣҪǹ˾ܹȡõǿɾ˲ˣһҪϰ˵˵һ̻
ӢܴʱԼ֮ƣҲ˵ϼŸؿȨˡ
ĺܿ϶ĵͷҵĹϵҵĶ࣬ӴĲҲҸߣϢǿ϶Ѿǰ֪ˣҪֵģܣδ֪հԶǼؿɾ׬㲻֪ǿѾȫᣬöǮҲ򲻵һ磬йϵҲˡ
ӢЦЦǿλţԺЩȤ̸̸۱˳ߵĿ񣬶֡
һ㶣һʱҲ²͸ӢܵĿģ͵˵ͷõģû⣬ˣܣĿȨȤǺʹϰͨһͨ绰ôָʾʵ̫ҪˣֻҪܹס˾δǰǲ
Ӣܵ˵ͷˣ֪ˣȰҽ°á
ĴӦһ͸ǳȥˡ
ĸߣͼѩЩŵ˽Ӣܣˣĵ绰˵åңǵ˾ʹıѾȫˡ
ӢһݣԼճԺ˾ͳ£ǳģվȥ
ѩæӢܣѾ˾㻹¥ȵһȣ뾯Ҳ쵽ˡ
ӢǼȻˣȻһУƾǰﲻǵģУҲȥЩֻ»ԽԽţˣ漸¥ǹ˾ְԱҾˣѩãһᴦģǧţ㲻ﲻæҷġ
һ˵ţһ߿ʼߡ
ѩҲ֪Ӣַǳһ㲻ʲô⣬ԼȥȷôӢܣ㡭ԼСЩ
Ӣ΢΢һЦͷ󲽶
ŵֱµ¥Ĵһ߳ȥͼѾûʲôˣеܹҵĶѾòԼƸЩûӰˣϻŶʮ˾ְԱϻѪܵ˶ᡣ
ӢһһְԱȥô£Щأ
ְԱˣǻ»˵˵ҪǻϼԣǾÿһΣǹ˾޷ϰࡣ
Ӣŭӿ¶֮ΣǴ绰֪ͨ¥ϵְԱ̧͵ҽԺȥ
ӢܼĿǰֻճӹ˾ҴְԱѾɣ֮ҲһˣûЩְԱˣ龰϶¶˾֮ɫ˭Ҳûж˵ְ˽ŵİ̧Աһ󣬾һְԱܽܣͣĳȫЩ̥ͣͣĳҲһˣô죬ǲǽоȻ
ӢһֵȾȻ̫ˣϵȥǮν
ְԱӦһ˳ȥ
ʱɡġѩöˣĴʱҲ¶˾֮ɫܣһ¿´²ˣҾ֪ǶģǰʱôɨӣǲŹģˣˣЩåô֣ǻʲô⣬Ҳ֪᲻Ըҡ
˷һۣߵӢܵߣܣҪҪҴ绰֪ͨϰ壬취ԸЩڵ


 129 2
ӢɵĻûлشֻŵЩְԱѪеŭԽԽʢϰǸһ⣬ҪԸϼţζҪԸԼʵĿǰ˵ҲȷǷǳҲ֪ʲôʱܹÿյӢܴʢⲢζӢܣµְԱҪ۸
Ĭ˼һӢܾߵһߣͳֻһ绰ȴǸġ
ֻһͨӢܱιЩɹֵѵôˣ
ֵܣպհ³°òҵʶ൱ĺã;ѵЩҪǵ̫ϧˣϧûʲôȨҪǲμӵҵĲ
Ӣܵ磬˵ʵһ㵽ڲһξҲ̫ˡ
ڵ绰ҲЦ£ֵܣǸϴ֣˶Щ¼ʲô£ѵŪڵæ𣬲ҿɲɡ
ӢʵǺ֪ϲᵽԼӢܼôһ˵Ҳ˵աʲôʱѵ
ЩɹźӹˬûʲôĻܶҵθڣһЩ᲻ãɣٹһҰ˸㣬ô
Ӣܵ磬ܵȲôˡҪѵպհ³˵˾
ԣæôʲô״ˡǲǰֵˣ˵ڰϵܺãĻ
Ӣܵǳ˵鷳Ų˵˼ûʲôϵһ㶨ء
Ҳٵ飬ãպհ³˻
Ӣܵ磬ǾͶлˣʱ̫鷳㣬Ⱦơ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ʱӢɻ˻֡ʾ
Ⱥɵ˽ǰӢܵɣҸһ֦ȷȸһЩǹ
һ㶵ܣҪɱ˭ʵҪ㶯ֻ֣Ҫһ绰֪ͨϰ壬׼ûǲ
ӢܵԼò֪ͨϰ壬ֻܰǹŪˣԽԽá
ɵͷǺðɣǹû⣬ܣڵݲһˣҪ˼а
Ӣܳзִ磬ʲôϰ彻
ɼɫԣ㲻˵˵һߡ
ӢֽĽеǰģ㣬ʡǺڵ˭¡
ĶЩȻýǳ¶Ҷү
Ӣܵô˵Щ˶¶ġ
ĵӦôˣܣܻ֪ȥϼŵܲaʡϴ󣬲Ҷ˲aʡϵĹ涨¶ϴ½ܣȥ£Գ¶ϼŷúܡ
˶٣ֵܣԼ¶ǲˣǲ̸ġ
Ӣܵ˭˵Ҫճµ̸ˣҪȥ϶סʲôطŪƬȻ⡣
ĵЩaʡڵϵתУ첻ܣ¶ĳҲ٣ҪŵĵطѣƬǺҵúܡ
ӢܵǺã֮ڣҵ֮Ƭ
ҲʶӢܲô۸ˣæܣһ䣬ǧˣİճµëˣǿǲ˵£Ǹ徲һһһһ
Ǹˡֻû³ͼӢܽԼһɨϬ֮жʱһУУܣ֮Ұѳ¶ŵǡ
Ӣܲٺ˵ãȥҽԺЩ˵Ա
ĵܣ½һߺȥˣʵòȥġ
ӢܵǼŹ˾ܲãÿһԱİȫҾͱ븺ҽԺһҪȥɺ㻹С㣬Ҳһ𡣡
ĵǺã˾سʱˣܣֻдȥ֪ڵݡ
û˵꣬Ӣܾѩһƣȥĵ˾ںš
ҵһְԱԱȥĵطȴǸĹҽԺ˾ʹӢȻѩóһǳоХŸϹӢܿ˿ʱ䣬ѩøԼ˸ʱѾСʱˣҲ֪йʱ䣬ȷʵЧʲߡ
ǹҽԺеԱѾڿʼƣӢһ£ûΣգŷģԸԱһЩԱһҪúţʱ¡
Աλƽʱϵܲô͸̽ӣд͸ŶߵĹģȻھ֮Уȴˡ
ʱӢֻܵˣһͨȴպհ³ġ
һ仰պհ³ϰ壬˭ɵģҺֵȥһ
Ӣ֪պհ³Ѿ˵˹˾պհ³¾ܾôˣڻʱҵطٺõǣʱҪ¶档ʲôһϵġ
պհ³֪ôȻеʹӦһҶ˵绰
***********************************************************֮һϣʡǶġҹܻᡱǳˮַǳʱɼ¹ڼεŮŮ߽棬ͣѾ체˸ʽĽγ
۾ʹһɫװ⡰ҹܻᡱĴһɳϣ¶΢ЦʱһЩ˴к
ǡҹܻᡱľҲʡǺڵϴ¶ĵһĸ⡰ҹܻᡱӪҵװ޵ĵȫͬжģĻС㣬ǿɶЩǧһŮǷǳߵģģضӰǣֻǡҹܻᡱйأСǲܺͿҹܻ淢ԽףǿϲóǮֻܴȥˡҹܻᡱ浹һ棬ҹܻҲΪܹݵǮ֮ʿ
ۿһһĿ˵еİӦúܿˣҲǸˣʮ͸ų¶죬޳ˣ⡰ҹܻᡱǳ¶µһЩ˾ǮģΪÿ¶й̶ķֺ죬һܽύһЩʡȫĴٹˣ۵˵aʡмַģν˫գģ˭˵ֻжŻгϢҲУڿɱЩʲô˶ʿʿҪúõöࡣ
һ۾վ׼¥ȥ˺üλ̽ɲܲȥȱƴк˳ԸɣƯֶµСȥӦ꣬ЩˣǱźõġ
˼Ȼ洫ĳĽɲвһ㶣ڶһеУЩԾˣôҲţaʡ˸̫ү϶ܵ⡰ҹܻᡱˡ


 130 3
ʱѾſվһŴ۵ӭС㶼ʱ֮ûʧɫž;
ʱ֪ˣ˼ڵʮӭȥ
ȻʱĲѾӿһȺˣԼʮȫźɫƤ£棬ﶼڴֵ
Щ˵ģһݣֻʮ˵ζǱ뺷׳رǰһˣһ㣬Ǵ;ͨ
ʮȥҲǵϵˣ˵ļƣȫɵļ£ֲòӲͷƤȥ
Ⱥ˵Ķ֣ȫ뻢ڣһӴͱ׷׵Ĵڵء
Щ˳ƺ飬裬ʮƬ̼ϵٲ֪鲻æóֻ֪ͨ¥ϵԱ˸ңҪǳһ
Ҫֻ֪ͨ¶ǳѾһָһ˹һʱţҪ¥ܣ˵ĶѸ٣͸Ҳ˵ϴ۱ʹõڵҹŽĹͷѾѡ
ʱĴһָЩ˾ͿʼӡһƬǼеװζѾ١
˴ʱִһȺ˳¥ݼ䣬ֱ¥ǡҹܻᡱĸݴʱһڷ󳪡ģضӾװݣΧһͽĿһߺȾĿˡ
һȺ˵棬Ҳ߶ʮһƻžưɡһңէȫҴݴҳһš
Щ˵ȥЩˣܣֻһųĹ֮֮ҲһƬ
ʱֻ˴˸ڣ˾ֹͣ˶׷תӣƺҪ¥ߣ׼롣
ڴ˿̣ݴȻӿ˰ҹܻᡱӦ֮ˡﶼŵ֮ļһȺΧȥ
Ⱥ˸ͺη壬ûһȥŶӣǷǳ׺ݵ򡰹ҹܻᡱ˳ȥĻӶеÿһ£ҹܻᡱһ˵ڵϡҹܻᡱҲ˴л߿Щ˵ģǾǲ֪ʹƵģ£ֽŷԽԽݣҲԽԽ£ЩӦ뱣ϣеסȺ֪׺ûþһ뱻ڵʹҽУ˼ƲԣǵͷܣһûʲôӰˡ
֮Ҳ߰ˣĺӽһ˷ţܿ¥ȻѸٵʧ˳֮С
***********************************************************ͬʱʡǱһ⣬һӰȰʮ֮һƬ֣Ѹٵһİ
ȰӰ˵ȻӢˡ
Ѿһǰһ֧ȷȼߵǹڽ磬ĸaʡڵƶ˳¶ŵ㣬Ӣʹ⣬¶ǡҹܻᡱȴ绰պհ³ȥһµΣȻϴһȺɹźȥҳӣῪϤεĹ˾ְԱʹá
Լʱģǳ¶ڵı⣬ݷ˵¶ЩһֱһŮסҪ¶һ̵ĹΡ
ϵǰ϶ΣѾжʮ׸ߣȫԸȫ
Ӣܴʱ󱳵ǹȡУһϣòǹϵĺ׼ϸĹ֮ڵΡ
󣬵Ƶ÷ǳľº԰ӾصʩȫӢ׼￴ˣĹĵģӦǹȴ֮ڲƺϳ죬̫ƽӹˣѾʧȥӦеľԡ
˿Сͣų͹Ƶ¶²ᳬˣҲûаǷϣú׼ںߵŷʽ¥ǳ¶䡣
ʱ¥֮һŵƵķע⣬ĿǰĽǶҪȥȴǺ롣
Ӣܽǹϣٵ¥һ¿ǷѽǶȣҲһԼʮ״ͣǷȥȻӰ
¼ǹ׼Ƿȥȴһʮ꣬ƽͷĿұŻͷ໹мһȫŵŮڴϡ
ӢܿĸԼĳ¶Ƭֻɨһۣ֪ˣǷЦѾʼ׼״̬
Ҫ֪ɸ֦ǹѻǹӢʾ˾׼ΪȽȸߡɱսЧ̿ɴǧף¶ؾ벻٣Ӣ˵˵ٷУܹκĿĵط
ʱǳ¶ƺŮѰգĻС¶һֻּ̣һֻȻڸ鷿
òǺģǶ鷿ǻԲڳ¶ĸ£ΡΡѩŰĶӢȻɫǣ̲ס׼Ħһ顣ǵȷԸĿĸо
ܿʹջгѳ¶׼׼̷ס˰ֻౡ΢֮ӵѾŶգ֮䣬Ѿ¶е̴ֻأӵžʹͷ֮ڡ
ǳ¶뵽ӵԼϮйǼмŵ̺Ȼһ룬һͷӵףʶɫһ䣬Ȼ͵Ĺ˴æҵĴ·ͳһֻǹﲻͣĴед̿ͣд̿ͣ˰
һ߽ţȴ֪ӵӺζͶɳ֮󣬵ӢܵؽǶȻԼǹ֣һǹȥǹųһ⣬ǳ¶סֶǹѾ֮⡣
ʱŮҲӦˣһļУҸҲȥɳ󣬵ܿͱ¶˳ղŵĶǵȻ޴档
Ӣó¶ɳλãһǹƶǲӶǳ¶ֻſڵϵطˡ
˿Ѿײˣǹ˽ӢֻܴʾҲҪǵһǹǸոջǽ£ڵҵطء
ʱּ¶ǹ˱ĴţĴˡ
ӢܻһϻӵĽ¾ͿǹɫŵñˣʱͬһһŽţһ߻Żŵȥܿͻص˴֮Ҳϳ
Ӣܼ¶е¶ڴ绰Ԯ֪Ѿˣǹ󣬷ɿСܶУ֮⣬ͣ
ţǹںϣ˳ž;ȥıȴûκεĽк֮


 131 Ӳ1
ӢܻصԼıѩûڴϿһݣæ˴һ߸˯£һӢܣô㵽ȥˣҸղŸֻҲûпǼ
Ӣܸղŵ״ȻֻЦЦȥһ£ղ˿ֻ
ѩõ˵ͷȥµûϵԵ޹ʵĲֻҾͺˣӢܣֺ֪aʡ׻˵ǿѹͷߣҾЩʲô㲻
ӢܵʲôǿѹͷߣǿҪ˾ģʲôͷߣҲӲĵġ
ѩüһŵӣͲ˵ԼעⰲȫˣҿЩǲݵģУ˵ÿܻǹ˾һΣֻ²ǿЦġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦδأһȥԼڵϴ̸̸ҲӴ˺Ǻƽദ
ѩƺаգϵȥȻйأ֪¾Ͳ˵ֻǰ·
˵ڶϣӢܸյ칫£ͼĴҴææ˽ܣҹܻᣬҺͳ¶ɱİɣ
ӢܴʱҲˡͷҽء
Ķʱŵܡǳ嶯ǳ¶ǺڵϵϴӼҵģֻ»꼰˾Ա
Ӣ֪˵ĵ󣬱Цģòŵģˡȥһ³¶ֻ룬ҽҪԼԷ
벻ĵӻô󣬲ŵԷҪԷԷɵֻû⣬ֻ¶ͷϣһġ
Ӣܵ绰ûдô֪һϳġֻʵֻ룬졣
һεҡҡͷͳֻһ绰ܿʵǳ¶ĺ롣ֽϣӢܡ
Ӣõֽ֣Ŵһ˵ιλ
ӢܵϴȻûм棬ҵһ˵Ӣܡ
ֻʱԵģԭ㣬ģӵСһûʣ㻹
Ӣܵϴʵܹƽ𣿡
ǳ¶û˵һŵԵģ֣ãʲô£ǹүɶ㡣
ӢܹЦϴ󣬴ʧö࣬αôĻˣҸطȱ裬˳һ죬֪ϲ
¶٣Ӣܣ˵һ᲻һ裿
ӢܲµõĹ˼ɣϴɣʱصѡһ˭Ҳô
¶ʱðӢܣȻ֣ҵ磬УһһɳӢܴ㣬Ȼ
Ӣܡšһ͹Ҷ˵绰
һСʱ֮Ӣֻܵٴˣһİ˵ܣãǶˣ㹫˾¥£ˣ㷽
ӢܴӦһվ¥ȥûиѩãģоԵİգ£¶ĵϸǲġ
¥£ȻͼһɫĽγߣһʮ꣬ĽʵӴӸʻδܣҽ£Ƕġ
˵žʹ˺š
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˽ȥ
ȵӢܸһ£ϳǳͿʼˣȴ϶С
һСʱ֮󣬳ѾϽžͽһС˰Сʱ֮󣬾ͼһĲߵ¥¥ѾվŶʮӣﶼǹһٴеӡ
γ¥£¾Ӣܿ˳ţȻӣһӢܡ
µԲӢЦĵܣ治˼й£ϣһ¡
ӢܵȻ֪ʲôй¡ЦЦ˫֣Ӿϸϸһ飬ʲôҲûз֣һߡ
΢Ц˸ʽܣ¥㣬ȥɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ¥Ȼһȵһ䷿ȴһõʮּ׵Ĵǳ¶һϵһɳϣȴվվñֱ£ﻹİǱ
Ӣˣǳ¶һûӭӡ
Ӣȴ΢Цŷǳзȵ˹ȥȻֵ磬ǾˣҾӢܡ
¶ӢܸߴӲòʱеһĪѹҲһݣͲɵգܣҶҲǾˣ벻㻹ôᣬӢ۳갡
˵žԼɳָָ
ӢҲȥ
¶һӣ̾һȥ˲֮Ĳ輸ϡ
¶ʱ˺⣬ӢܣƺҪϿЩʲô
ʱӢܵҲһų¶˵ϱˣҲ˵Ϭ˵ϣ¶һСھʯ̱۶ϰȥʱ˸ֲĿ⣬ȻӢܣȴѾǿ֮ĩˡ
һ󣬳¶ļˣֻú˿ڲ裬סԼеĻž塣
aʡϴλҲˣ˵Ƕһһ˳˳ˮûԣȻڳӢܾȻеӸԼԣһҪȻ֪ԷǼǹʾԵģһſɳ֮£ϴӿ㶪ˣǶˣ޷鵽֮ΪأȫûеףһִδйĿ־壬Ѿٻ㳵ŮˣʵڲСз˴
뵽¶ȻڵýӢϼŶֹԼƨ£ҲûпԼȴȥƨЩôŻ˵Ӣܼȥ£㲻ôû̵ԼȴŪûˣ콭ʱҲ㲻̣Ȼ֪죬˵ĵ̫֯ˣ˼ӢܼŸҺϼԣûѵ͸ɽô
¶ȻԽԽԾϾҲһʡڵƶ֮ˣô˵ҲҪסµܣȻǸˣ֪ĥǣǾֱֱȥˣ˵ʸô㣿
ӢһЦϴ⻰˵ˣӦǵʸô㣬ˣǱǾˮˮҵ⣬ĺڵȻ˹صҵĵȥµġ


 132 Ӳ2
¶һʱҲƿԣֻõܣҲܹңǵϺϼŵĹϵҲ˵ˣϼ£ҵȻҪ
Ӣܵ˵ˣϼŵĴʼȥҲʡǺڵϴӦñûʲô顣
¶˵ͷǺү죬ҵϴ½ȴȥЯģڴλ֮ʱҪϼŽãҺҲ棬һǺ𾴵ġ
Ӣܵϴô˵ϼţҲǶϴ֪ͼˡ
¶үҶɽ˵ĻҾҪأһҪάϼŵ档
ʱӢܺȻͷЦʲôǳЦһ
¶״ʱһ㶣̲סʲôЦģȻûĻҲ֪硣
Ӣܾ磬˵úã˵úãֲÿүҪλˣ۹⣬۹⡣
˵Цһգɫϴֻǳֺãûάϼ棬ϼŵСʵеź
¶һ㶡⻰ô
Ӣܵûв´˵ҹ˾¡ǲ֪ģȫԼ⣬ǲǣ
¶ܸɴĵ˵ͷ
ӢܵʹˣҪ֪ϼžȻǽռһЩϷ磬ܹϼ𣿡
¶ҡҡͷȻܣǴʲôӢܴãϼűع˾Զ
ӢܵͶˣԼҲϣϼȣӢܼŻո𲽣˵ʵΪֹƲӢܼŵģЩɼ˵Ҳν顣ǻûӡ
¶ûӣôûˡ
Ӣܵ룬Ŀǰ˵ҵӢܼϼŸͲһϵģϼŴŴ˾ķ緶˵ҵĹ˾£˺׵ľͻµȥڱΪңŻ˵ҵع˾ȥңȫǺܱҲޱҲ֪ԸôȻô˵𣿡
¶β֪ǸĸˡӢЩȻеԵ޹ʵһ֣Ǻܻܿƨĵȥ˵Ī⣬û͵ţѾմһֵˡ
뵽ԽԽԼ£ãʵ¸ǰϹȥ͵ܣĻҲеҵ˱ʮЩ³ֶݵأû굽һʱֻԸԭʲ㣬ʵڲֵܸһҲûڵϻˣܣ˵ô죿
û˵Լд̵£ʵǸûӣ֪˲࣬Щؿƿ
Ӣʱ뵽µؽ취¶һֻӬȻᣬβʲôȫԲ÷ϣĿǰ˵ȫԸĶԸϼţԸûбҪһЩҪ鷳
óһ֧ƱȻͳڵһһҲٵ֣˺¶ϴЩǮȥǸֵǵĽ
˵ʵ¶ɱ¿˵£ʲôɱ˲գ۵֯ӢܲԸЭԼΪ˷ڣҲֻд˺ȫ濪ս
ʱӢܿǮ¶ʱϲҪȥӣȴӢܽһյϴǮҿԸ㣬ҲҪ˵ף¶һ㶵ʲô
ӢһܲЩСܳȥһˡ
¶ʱӢܵ飬ѾµĻȻôҪɱԼͲˡ
ԥһ󣬻һֵǶȥ
¼ϴк㶼ȥˡ
Ӣܵһߣų¶ѹϴҲǸˣֵҲֱԲ䣬ǮȻԸ㣬񣬶Ǹϴһӣܹҵⷬⲻ飬Һ֮£ҿԺܿ϶ظ㣬أҲһ£㲻ŵĻȫһԡ
¶⻰϶ʱѿ뷢𣬵أߴ࣬ɱ֮˵ῪЦˣû˷ĵ˺þãŵðɣܣϼŵҿԲٲˣҪҰæүķϣҲԹģʱе֮Ҳˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦȴû˵ֻǽ֧Ʊ˲輸ϣ˳ȥ
¥ղǸҲˣƺǵõ˳¶ķԸӢ˳Ȼصá
ͣ¥£µĳȥӢ̾һ֪Щ鷳ǲԷϵģٹ£Ǳ³ǵĿȨ֮ʱϼŵȫ̼ƻؼʱڵˡ
***********************************************************ʱܿ͹ȥһ죬Ǳ֮ʱʽʱǾŵӣӢܴѩ뷽ǰСʱ͵ʡĻ
˭֪յѾ˲ٵˣأ¶Ƿǳӡ
ӢѾ÷ȥˣ˴μӾһʮңй̽缫Ĺ˾ʵһȻϼţҷֱʢţұǿزҵģαֵĿռҲ˺꾡Ĺƣһµľġ
Ӣȥ᳡ĹԱ˼ǣһ޸ֵľټƣһ䣬дӢܼŵ֣û᳡ĹԱôţȻǲոճĹ˾ʱûг֡
뾺ʱ仹֮ʱӢܼǰ˷׷һعͷȥȻŴһɫƤµǸܾԶԱ˽мһϯ̨еλУξһ־ڱصõӡ
ʱӢܿ۾ĴƳţ֪˭ѰԼ򣬱΢΢һЦȴ¶֮ɫ
ѾõӢܼŻ˴ͶϢȻ޷鵽ӢܵǸʱĲ̨ӻгϼŵʵӢеƣȴ¶ЦԵСǲ죬ԼҪСӼʶʶʲôϼţʲô


 133 ꣨1
ӢܼԼЦһҪı飬תͷȴǰҸҹ˾Ĵڷ׷ţǡϼšѾ֮ΪԼĵˣӢܵӢܼţû˻ȥ⣬ûл
ûһ󣬾͵ʽʱ䣬ʡǡʡҪ쵼ˣȫǰϯ̨ϡ
һ˽˼䣬ȻaʡʡԽ˻ȻԸ죬㶼˵ıҪԵ⡣
ȵ쵼һ껰˾͵ǰһ̨ϣ˺һŷ⣬˾ĵ׼ۣȴһʮڣ뷽һٰʮڻӽֻĿǰصļֵĶǾս۹ĸ˾Ĵϰ壬Ȼ֪ԶԶֹˡ
ǿʼۣһ˾˾ٳһٰʮڵļ۸񣬸ž˾ٳһپʮڵӣǰӻûзȥ˾ٵ˶ڡ
Ӵ˷ľţʼʱ򣬶ʮʮڵϼӣȵ˶ʮڣѾҹ˾˳Ȼڵ
ʱû˾һƣӢҲûжжʱĪһԽ֣ôļ۸ֻ¾ͻԽߣѵС봦ϼԣôʵô
Ӣ֪עԼȴûлعͷȥξ꣬ǰҵģۣҲƣһ˵ѾռϷ硣
ʱ˵ĿѾ˶ٰʮڣȴʢųأ̾;ٳ˶ٰʮڵӣʱѾûĹ˾뾺ˡҪ֪Щ˾ֵȻǧϣҪóôֽһԽҲǷǳѣòֻűԼʵع˾ȥǿ֪ᱩķ⣬ʱûгۡԹ˶϶ⱱĿȨʮа˾ŻϼŵС
ʢžٵ˶پʮ֮ʱ˾Ҳ˳ˣ˾Ϳʼظپʮڵļ۸ʱȫ˵۹ⶼۼϣ֪Ǹֵʱˡ
Ȼֻ촽һԱߵһо;ٳڵӣļ۸ϣôʮڣһȭʢŵУֻʢŵܲóĬһ󣬱ߵ˵һ䣬˾ھټϷŪһ¡;һڵ֡
ѾԸ˾ƵУֻԥؾ;ڵӣʱе˶֪ҪӮˣҪ֪ʢ˾˷ز֮⣬ӪżΪ׬Ǯʯ⣬Ȼܹóٶֽ𣬵ѾǼޣƬѾй涨õȨ±붯ʱҪʽ𣬾Ͳʢܹܵˡ
ʢſƬǷǳѵģȻģ־ٳڵ֣ܿ˷ӦֱӼӵһʮڣʱʢŵĳܼޣҲǾơ
ʱϼųһʮڣбߵûУ򱱳ĿȨϼŵˣһʮڵһΡ
û˾ƣִһʮڵڶΡ
ȫе˶Ѿ϶ϼȲʤȯ˵ʱ򣬾ͼ˵¶˾֮ɫ۾һȻȻٶʮڣٶʮڣӢܼţӢܼųٶʮڡ
Ļߣе˶ĿۼӢڵĽֻһߴм䣬ԱһһŮУ߸ߵľӡ
óٶʮڵֽͶʣйʵҲϼŵʵǹϵй̽һӢܼŲźȻaʡڳȻҲŪЩųЩСС֣ЩʵļŹ˾ܲ˵Ͳϣû뵽Ȼؼʱ̾ٳ޴ǿ˾𾪵£Ҫ֪ھ֮ǰÿ˾һڵľ걣֤ʻȥǾƾ֮һòֽôһԪ͹УĿȨҪͶ꣬ӢܼţܲһЦɡ
ƵǷģղһֱбӢǱߣûʲôڲѾ˾ļ۸סˣҲμӾǻһ˿Ц޶ľ꣬Ǵƽԭ϶ݣ浶ǹʵʵ治κεĻСȻЩСʵ£Ͳܼˣֻ۰Ͱ͵ĿԼꡣ
ôһƣ¾һ֪ӢܿʼжˣϣһӾʮڣ־ڱصõļƣ˿Ҳ̼Ʒ˶ӢܼӢܵĸоСӣܹгļ۸ʵѾĪˣƫƫֲ鲻˵²ӢǸ׹ȥĳ֮󣬴˷̽רųϼŶʵھ̫˸еˡ
ͷԺֻһоӿһְҵĳӣйҵϼŵĵһӰˣ۶ʲôˣжκεηģԸеսҪ֤ԼһŸ߳̽
Ѿʼڱڶεٶʮڣ֮˵۹ҲԼߵĺԶ˵һ
Զ˵ͷͺܿǾٿϵһ£Ȼ߸ȴٶʮڡ
˭֪˸ձϼŵľۣĵѾȴʮڡ
ʱе˼ס˺Ҷֻ֪ҪõĿȨõǷǳ޴ģڳҲֻϵĶؼǣóôֽһҪҪõȨ֮׼һʴʽ𶯹ĿʵϱȵľۺľʵˣȻɱӢܼţ˺Ȼİ
ʱ˲²Ӣܼŵıʲôţξй涨ǲ˾ֵģǰȻһЩ˾ĴѣӢܣ㲻þʲôɳȨˣȻϼƴһƴˣϾȻɳй׸̽Ҳǰһλ
ʱԶѾʮڵӡ
˸һۣľӢܶȻģ۸ĳʮڡ
ȫû뵽Ӣܻƴ޴ĽḻҲ΢΢ʱһӢܾȻͼӵʮڣжʱһ£ܣ绰ʾϰôǮкڵͶʣܲõóܿЦ¡


 134 ꣨2
ӢĵĻѹģܣҽʲôۣžپǣʲô£Ҹ𡣡
ȫһݿʱƽʱ侲ûʲôգǲ˵ľٶģԼҲԴϰеغ棬֪ʵϼȻǿ󣬵˭ָ˵ϰʵһͻϼŵأ治УĴҲΪָԭĬĬţϰ壬һһ
Ҳ¶ģӢ˵ģԼûйϵšһ˵ͷ͵˾ټƣʮڵľ롣
ĿһʱȫһĵȻҶ֪ľһѪս˭Ҳû뵽ĵ׼۸һϡѾйؿ¼¼
ѾЩ߿˷ۣܵȴǰҧҧ˵ʵڽ֮ǰĪӢܼ֮⣬Ѿ˶еľֵʵѾԤƳõĿȨӢܵӢܼŻȻұһαһκݣдռϷ֮ơ
̫֮߰⣬Ҳһ쵼ߣʱѾʼ侲ϼŵճõȨҪڵʽ𣬶Щӱݣϼڹ޶ܹڵʽ𣬶йںľӪҲ൱ѾʹȫгϼһλܾȡԳһʽعҲ˵ܹãļޣþôϼŵʽתֺѵľ棬ӢһһƹѾݲЩʽתˡ
ûʽתĴɣǲ֪±ؿȨϼžͽһµ̨ףǸս۹⣬ЩʱԥʧҪ֪Ӣõ˿Ȩôպ޿ɷϵĽǿ󣬶ϼŹɵвͺѲ²⡣һν棬ζˡ
Զ˸ƣԶ˵ͷ;ʮڵӡ
˵ıۣӢܿǣԷĳټʮڡ
Ҳ̫࣬˵پǶ١ǱһŪ;ʮڵӡ
ϼǱҲܿٵʮڡ
ʵŵȴһֱԱ߲ѩãֻ֪Ӣܸûиϰʲô绰ʾҲȡⱱؿȨĵϼŵʽΪһж׼ӢһһĽߣ±ˣֹͣӢܵͼɣӢܾͲҪǰļƻҲбʶƵΣա
ڶôϣӢֹͣ밡Ҫǰװ׵ʧһڣϰѽӢܼӢܶҪΪ̽Цû˻ԸĹ˾ḡ˺Ҫ¾꣬ϼŻԸ͵ļ۸õصĿȨĻǻ˼˺ڵء
ѩȻѾһ亹ǲȥһӢܣһŮˣµʱǾȥԤģοΪֹ˵ľжƺûз
ʵӢʱͷҲڼٵתţѩ뵽£ͿǵˣƲȴ˼һǽ˵ģӹϽΪŲɹֵռ䣬Ǿ˽ϽʱѾԼΪˣԸǲԼģóϼеʵֻһƻ˳ʵʩ۸ϼųֿǰʽΣſԳû֮ԼԽ¶־ڱصõƣͻԽἤĺʤģһһ߽Լµ塣
ʱֻĵܣǻǼʮ𣿡
ȴӢܹܺĵӶʮڡ
һһۣȷԼûŽƵپʮڣ
һȫǾӢܼô룬Ƿ֮ƺҪһȭϼŻӡ
ʱԶܣӢܵʲôôǮ𣿡
ۿžѾԼ˾ĳܼޣҲɵӢܣʲôˣʲôϾȻȫѹסϼţѵԼҪϵ˺Ȼ߾ۣԼģԼ˳ȥһҪȥϼǰӴټһܹóЩʽģһˣҪ£û
¶ԺԶֱİڡ
ԶҲ˼ҡҡͷģû뵽ô֪Сǵ£֪֪ˣܰսʤһγԴˡ
ҹ˭ĿȨǾģԶơ
ԶȻҲ֪ⱱϼŽչҪԣӦһ;İڵӡ
ʱֻˡӢܵܣǼӶ٣ٳһȭҹϼſŲסˣֻҪϰôʽٶ༸ʮҲνֻҪõȨұ֤ܹɵ׬ġ
ֻӢܵʼֻˡ
ˣʱһʧƵ۸ϣӢܵĵҲѾ㣬ҡҡͷ;İڵӡ
ǱߵĺԶӢֻܼڣܣҪסӢܼŵʵȻ֪ҾͲܹ֧Ŷã⣬Ǿܶ
ֻߡһԶǼʮȥҵҪӢܻҲҽӡ
ԶӦһһ㽫ٵİһʮڡ
Ӣ룬ֵԷĵģټڡ
ĲµѾ쵽ˣ֪Դ׬ķڻⲻҪϼߣ̾һ;İһʮڵӡ
ı仯ҲظĸоּӢܻعͷԼһۣвζһЦԺԶڡ
Զ̾;İٶʮڵӡ
ȵˡİٶʮڡ飬żٴξƣȴİٶʮڡ
϶ӢѾǿ֮ĩҲԸ̫߳࣬ǮȥúԶᵽİٶʮڡ
ͼӢܵͷ˼˺һ󣬲ߵķ˵ʲôľ;ӣ˱ȴİٶʮڡ
ѾЦ⣬Զ˸ȥԶᣬֻһڡ


 135 ꣨3
ʱֻӢ΢ͷƺڱĿ˼һҡҡͷߵķ˵˾ʲôľûоˡ
˿ʼ
İٶʮڵһ飬ûĸ˾ġ
İٶʮڵڶ飬û˾ƣĿȨϼˡ
һӢܲûʲôӦѾȫ
˵ãİٶʮڵ飬ʽaʡĿȨϼȡãϲϼš
˵žһеС
˵һϼŵ˶վŻȫеԱ̽ӶףأзȵվΧƵЦŵͷһɣⳡλȻԶԶԤ㣬ϾˣҲ־ϼŴӴ˽һµ̨ףδķչึǮʲôء
ӢܼЩʡ쵼ʱҲ̨׼ףأŷѩõ˵񣬴Ⱥд˹ȥ߳˻
Ӣ˹˹Ӱģϯֳ档Ȼרŵ˾ͣͼ˾ųͣǵߡ
ȽŴ򿪣ӢѩýȥԼ˸ʻϡ
ȵӿʡĴţĲ̾һܡź̫źˣܶЩʽϼžҪܲסģϧˡ˵ʵҵĽǶȿǸǧѷڹ˾״ĿȨʵ̫Ҫ˰
ӢܶԷ˲ʮַģʱȻ˵ʵµˣκ鶼Ӯģ¸Ҫʵϰ黹ðһЩôǮټºʽʵ̫޴ˡ
ĵ˵ͷǰҪõʽȷǾˣϼţҿڼ֮ڡҲҪֲǽǽؾ档
ӢһŶģҲҪǮǳ𣿡
ĺԥĵȻǳѣܣʵұϼóʮҳʮڣһھҪʽõȨϾҪͶʽ𣬹СӴСûȱǮҲ֪ǮҪԣһ¿ҪΪǮһʱˡ
ӢܵʲôطŪǮ
ĵղҲ˵ֻвǽǽϼʵòôǮģǧƵĺ˾ֻд취ˣܽͽ裬ϾϣȻһЩ죬˭Ҳ˵ʲôأϾҶ֪ϼõ˱ĿȨǰ׬ֻԽԽǿֹͣȱ˵Ļ߱ռеǮδõûûˣȵպϼŻǾԻǳģʱǾŶûˣЩ˾ϼŶɹһʱѹء
ӢĬĬڶȻģǼ£ҹλ˰ɣ
ĵͷҹˣҹˣвͶĹ˾ҹλѣתǼ£ǸѰ˵ĶֱӦǣҶǩתЭ飬ûǩʽͬ˭ĵġ
ӢܵãģλѽǼȨתع˾ȻʱʧһһǮء
ĵû⣬ܣҪ֪Ǽ򣬡ָ׼ʲôӣ򲻿ɣʱͲù滮ˣҪǲܣǼλǡ۵ĵطᱻӰġ
ʱֵܣɾӣ͵ǰɣɲ٣Ҫ׬ܶ
ӢЦЦ⣬ģ㻹Ȱתõ°ɡ
ĴӦһͳ绰λϵȴҪе϶׼ȫԼϾҪȥת
ûþ͵Ӣܴã˳Ȼȥ⿪ԼĳλȥˣӢѩþͻص˰칫ҡ
Ӣܵܲð칫ңѩҲ̲סһӾ˵ӢܵϣıסӢܣղǽˣ÷ʮڶʮڵϼӣȻˡ
Ӣܸ˸ıǾԲģ䲻Ҳ䣬ϣҵȷռ˱ˡ
ѩʱ̧ͷ¶Ľ֮飬Ӣܣղ򶨣÷ı۵ʱ۾գһ£֪ĵϸ²ȫһճǼơ
Ӣӵɳϣ˾ģԽ£ԽţԽɴµģֻбͷ侲˼⣬ѩãҵľ̸֮㲻ס
ѩýͷĿǰҼǲסʲôϵҲʲô£Щˣֻ뵱˽˹ʡ
ӢܾѩýԼ壬СŮ˶ɷָоҲһ̾Ů˶ԽãͻԽΣһ޷κγŵˣǲֵúŮ̫ģΪܹѩôﵽһ޹ҵľ磬ڿҪʧˣûиоѩѾԼİЩġ
ѩö÷ִ磬֪ǰ칫ң§§ңֱܿӣӢܣ˵᲻ΪǼ㡣


 136 ƻ
Ӣ΢΢һЦᣬ֪Ǽǵģһᡣ
ѩúĵΪʲôǼڷǳ۵λãѵͲΪǶӰĹ滮ܲﵽ޳ոµĸ¥ˣżõĹɡ
ӢܵȻᣬѩãĹϵѾΪôҰ¸ңʱҲԿ϶ǣǿԵջأȻϼţཫǵʱ򹤳Ǯǡ
ѩһ벻ӢܣʲôôҪǼǲǰ׷Ѿ𣿡
ӢܵʱҲû뵽Ĺ滮׷ѾǲģǼȫĹߣӦϼЩ顣
ѩ˼һ󣬶ʱеĵӢܣǲñ֪ϼŵıһ˳
ӢܵǼǳ΢ڱйϵǵģźϷͷǲðűָķǿջصģҾʹ£ЩϼźĹһţоʹкô
ѩõӢܣе¶ͿǺˣһʲô
ӢѩõĻ΢΢һЦʲôҲ䣬ҪôһʽϼŲûб仯Ҫ׻ʲôӣûлᣬȻپȥ̸ܲչ¡
ѩõ˵ͷȻһ£ӢܣһϢһϢ
ӢܵŶ˵
ѩõϢѾ˳гȫȨ۸صٻ˾˵ļƻҲзǳǿĿԡ
Ӣһ˵˵Ϣʲô
ѩɫһϢ˳гŷ˵ֻҪ˳гΪ뼯ойг˵йг޷ǳҪսĿꡣ
˵ͣӢܵɫ
ӢܳĬһȻ¶˵΢ЦҲ˵깫˾ǲйгģҪƻչʮֵˡ
ѩһͷǵģӢܣҪ׼
Ӣܰû˵ƺʲôɫһҲôΪֻ깫˾ΪгųǽйΪҪսĿֻ꣬һĿꡣĸҵûдôҪйչ׳ǿҲǺѵˡ
ѩõҲɣֻȥǣһὫõϸߵġ
ӢҲ֪ˣ˼һȻֻӦˣܻа취ء
ѩüӢƺʲô뷨ԽԽ˵ЦЦʡ
***********************************************************ʱֹȥ£Ӣܲûʲô¡ֻǾ䣬ͨʱ˽ϼڲı仯
һжʱԤƵķţȾ򱱳ģĵʹȻʹϼŵڲʽַǳҵĶȥõϼҲʼǷҹ̵ʽȥһµڣѾӳ¡£еĹ̵ڻڰ֮󡣶һڹȻԹ𣬵ϼŵȻرйеҵڽڽڸ˭Ҳ᲻÷㣬Լ˾ʽռãֻҧˣҶϻúúõϼŵȣԼǮܹȱһõ
ʱҲ֪ǼزȨѾӢܼУȻûӢǢ̸ת£ѾҪͨĹϵǼǿջˡ
һ棬ԴӢڱľĻո¶ͷǣӢܼѾʡԼ˾ע⣬ʱӢϵǢ̸ĿӢ߲ܣĹԱǸ˾ͣǾԽӴ̬ȷǳ飬µӡǷǳĺãֻǶԸĿĺʱ䣬ԽϸΪʱһߡмΪǰ;ĿѾѩõǼڲᣬڸ깫˾Ӵ֮ʱʽĻȫԳӹ˾һĻӢܴͽһ
䡷Ѿǰڵ㣬׼кƷҲֶĴҶٻڸؿʼˡ
һ磬Ӣܸڰ칫£ͼĽܣյϢϼѾʼԱڵع滮ϼŵʽתѾǳѣ˵ѾȥeʡʢŵܲýǮˡ
ϢʵӢܵȴѾãжʱһѾ¶΢ЦͰź˺ļ壬ģл˵
ıԱߵɳϣӢܵܣʲô·Ը𣿡
Ӣܵģ㲻һЩͦҪ͸¶һϢȥ
ĵʲôϢ
ӢʱӰ칫ĳһļ߳ߣ£ݸϡ
Ĵ򿪿˿ʱʧܣҲҪô
Ӣܵ˵ͷ㡣
æܣˡֱԣڵسҵйеĳ¿˵Ǿٲά裬ϴ㻹ŪϣӦ֪۾ͷ״ҲεúܣǺαȥĻˮʽȥչĿ
ȻϼŵʽѾ˱ӢҲԼսͼˣЦЦģ湫˾룬ǳã˴ϰ彻ǵôǾҪϼţڿɲһúõһ롣
һ㶣ž˼Ҳⳡϵ֣Ӣһѣ̾Щˣܣϼʽŵʱ򣬳û٣йˣǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˼ģˣ
Ҳû뵽ӢôҪϼŵ֧ҵһ룬Ҳͷܣܹǿ鱱ĿȨӳԶ˵ǹ˾õģҪǰմϰ˼̵ʱڻϼţڵȷһѵõ
ӢܵϰұִУģӦ֪ϼһôʵпһϣʱٶ֣ѶȾͻˡ
ġšһܣ˵ɣҪʲôֻҪҷܹһǡ
ӢܵãҪ㽫ϵĶ͸¶ˣҪȻһ
΢һ˼ҲЦܣֲһֱҪйľӪԭǵеȤ
ӢҲϲһͨ˵ģȥչ깫˾йУɹʴ󲻴󣬼סʵ
ĵͷһ󣬹һ̧ͷܣߵһ嵹ǲǳпԣĿǰ˵aʡйеģܹйпģйǿǿڹ֧֣ҪУйеʽѾɣõĹ踶ʽ˷ǳĸı䣬ܳ곬УǴЩ֣ȱ˵ҪйеĹۣǴҳƽҲлˡ
˵ֵܣϿУѺܶ࣬깫˾δػὫȫȨǣȻЩѾϼź˺ܶ꣬ת֧ǣûļƻͻʧܣǴﵽ֮һҲ˵չйĹȨڹﱻסˣôǾ൱ڽһǳֵɽ󣬵ʱͻѣӪ״ڵ껹Ҫö࣬ϵʧҲǳ󡣡


 137 ϽõΣգ1
ӢܵģĹǷǳеҲֻˣһܴߵȴĻᣬΣҶҪһԣϰѾ֪ͨˣʧܣôϰ˾޴ʧԸеһеΣҲԸܴϰһгͷ
ļѶͲȰͷǺãܣҾǰѳȾƣʱװźȶˣϵĶ͸¶ǣܿͻᴫ깫˾йܲȥģһܲ㱨
Ӣܵãһġ
ļѾ˵꣬æţҵ칫ȥЩѴ绰
ӢٲҪߣȴ˼İȻһð֣ͬʱҲǸͶ֮ͽԼͼȥ͸¶ԼļƻҪǰˡ
µģһȡ
ֻعܣʲô𣿡
Ӣ΢Цŵģ㣬ڹ˾Ĵô⣿
ĲȻᵽ⣬ܲˣܣҺ⡣
ӢֵͺãģȻϰ㣬Ϊҵĺ顣ĿǰĴʲô뷨һҪҽΪ˾˲ٵʵ£ʲôҪ󣬻ᣬһסϰԼǷǳ󷽵ģˣֶξͻǳû벻һ¡
Ǹ˾̾Ӣܵ˼һĻȻܡҶҶ˾Ĵ£ҾκεȥϼŷЩ󣬱Ǵϰúҵҡݹ֪֮շμҲ֪ԼһЩȱ㣬Դϰĵĸм㣬Եľ塣˵˾ѾҺܸߵĴڲЩҲһΪϰ塢Ϊ˾ϹᣬκεԹԡ
Ӣ֪ǸˣһʵһЩЦЦֵΪҾͲأˡģԴϰ빫˾ĸһתϰģȥ°ɡ
ĹӦһ˳ȥ
һߣӢܾڰ칫鿴ľϱϣӢܷװ˾ľӪ״Ŀǰ˵㷢չ˳Ѿڰ˸пרӪꡣȥԤƵ˾ƷһЩĶƷƣеȷǷǳ޴أеĶƷƵļ۸Ǳ屶ϣȥһȻղȫͶʣһʱͿд׬ˡ
ֽӴݷõĿˣһaʡһе֣̾ӢܼŵһʷʤοһȴһҵţӢܼǺһ糧Ŀ
ȻҪ׼أӢܡѩáɡĶȥˣ֮󣬴Ҿɢ
ӢҲѩûص˱
ϴ裬ѩõ˼٣˾ϴ˯
Ժ֮䣬ӢڴͷֻӢһȴһİֻ룬ڶߡιһ
ʱֻֻǱߴһŮ˵Ӣܣ档
Ӣͷʱһô˸Լ绰Ǿʲô·
æС㣬ʲô𣿡
Щǣȷ£Ӣܣᱻ˴ˡ
⻰Ӣʲô֪ʲô˸ɵ˴绰ûУ
ϴɱҵġͷӥĿңѾ˵绰ҪҵİɽȥѾԱע˲ʱˣЩһֱȥȥһλУЩڸͲ֪
Ӣ֪ԷԴ±Ȼ׼Ѿã棬֪ͨûУʡҹϵǺܺ𣿡
֪ͨȻҼҹϵܺãµȴδؿסҵʵݾǾڲ͸¶ͷӥأԷֻһȥ˵ҪǷоˣ̾ҪԱ᲻
Ӣܵ棬ԷҪǧҪСġ
֪ҽµģʲôԼеϧ۵˱ᣬҾȥ֮⵽ǵĶ֣ȲͷӥܵϵģˣҲŹġ
˵ֵӢܣ֪鷳㣬Ѿڱʡˣ鷢̫Ȼ뵽ֺǹԲæ֣ܺȳĿҪöࡣ
ӢʱѾ´С㣬˵ʲô׻£ô᲻͸Ϲ
ϾҪɽȥˣ㲻Ҫ棬ñͷӥ⵽ɣһʱ䣬ȸϵɽɽȥעⲻҪ˲ҵˣڰнӦӢܣ֪ȥ򵥣Իκˣʲôһ㿪еġ
Ӣ˼ǽԼҪʱºɱˣҲ˽󻼣ɵǣͷӥ֪ˣ棬ͶȥǰɽɽһСʱ֮һڰģΣǶҪȳ
桰šһãȥ˵طҷϢ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ѩʱˣӢܴһ׺ɫtִҵһ¹óһεƤ䣬֪һǹ
ղֻһŮڸӢͨȴû˵ʲô֪һʲôҪ¼вɵһĽţҲ˴ӢܵӢܣҪҪ֪ͨպհ³Щ֡
Ӣ֪ȥ˷ȥ¶Լһȥ磬ҡҡͷãѩãԼ˯ɣûʲô¡
һ˵ţһǸεƤ߳ȥ
˳⣬Ƥںϣ˳ʻŵıϰݳȥæ˴š
򱱶ʻͳ˳ӢҲǰɽа취һ·߾һŵƵСͣ
Сһʮˣ޾ɵע·棬ӢͣΪҪͶЦϰ壬ҪЩʲô
Ӣֵܵܣ֪֪һɽ
˵֪幫⣬Сɽ
ӢܵǺãܴܲȥһˣǸĳ͡
˵žʹӻͳŴݵ⡣
˼Ǯ۾ʱһǿԪϰҲδ׬ôǮ⳵ϵȻʶԼֲŮˣҲûǮͼɫͼƶ£ǰɽֲԶһ˵Ȼȥ
ܹǮȻúãϰ壬ȵȣʰʰ
˵žȥСŹˣȻţ˸ʻϡ


 138 ϽõΣգ2
ӢСϰǰȥһƧĶ·ϣڰ֮УֻӰ涣ٵûãͼһߴɽ͡
æָɽ͵ϰ壬ˣǰɽ
һָǱߣϰ壬ⰲɽϹȥһԻأѾˣһ·ֱӽɽȥ
Ӣȴ·ûƵģǳû΢ͣ٣Ǽ۵缲ǰţһ㶣̽СӲҪԼʲô°ɣֲ̫ܡ
ǰ˰빫ңӢܲŽͣȻ򿪳ŵֵܣ鷳³߻ȥѡ
˵žʹӻͳԪǮ
ȻЩĪôһˣɵĸһǧԪǷһСƣ˵ֻ幫·ʮʮҲܹ߻ȥġ
ӢܵԶˣӺǳεƤ䣬˿ѸٽǹװãȻϣ³ȥ
˶ʮӣ͵ǰɽ£Ӣܿ˿ɽƲڣһĵط϶С
ַǳݣһ·ץٸ𣬵˰Сʱ֮󣬾͵ⰲɽɽ
һӲ̽ͷ΢ҹɫӢܼһЩԡЩУһʮƽôʯɵʯݣӦǹȥ԰֮ʱŵƹ⡣ɽҲ࣬Ȼһ׵ĵ·ͨ
ӢǹϵĺԶɽ֮ϸϸţܿͷСʯݵվǹˣŵƵʯ֮˵֮Ҳ֪Ƿ档
ʱóֻ淢Ϣɽδᣬһʯݣˡ
Ϣûãͻ˹дѵɽ£Ͼ͵עΡ
ӢֻܹȴƶΪɽ֮ϻЩʯľӲݣǳ滹ŵˡ˷Լ٣Ȼǡͷӥ׼ôãͻаܹ֮ԸİգԼͽΨһˡ
ӲţһʱֵģɽѾó档Ӣֱܵ¶棬ʱȥҧȫ԰סȥLʱΪ˰ɱһĿһʪĻҰһһҹģһɱֱ߱ʡ
˶ʮӺ󣬾һ졣ŵƹ˸һɫԽҰѾ
Ӣ֪浽ˡ
ԽҰܿͣʯ⣬ǹ˾Χ˹ȥȫǹ׼˳һٴеӡ
ʱһɫģɫţп㡣޳˳ɽǰֻڳأϴ󡮰ͷӥ
ŵһ˵С㣬ϴöʯϴԸҪûдһ
˵һӸҪȥ˭Ҫ㿴Ҵ·ܲŶ𣿡
ǰƺ֪ͣס֡
һ߸ȴȥɱôֵܣѵ𣬱ˣûϣֻܹԹԵϴķԸԴ
仰̾ͻ֮ϣĬһ󣬵ͷãҲҪԼѡ
һ˵һǵģ¶˰ĽֻŸɫ֡
ĺɫϿһȷزסʲôǹһָĿӣŮ˴ϰǹǼˡ
ûʲôԥˣѣɿԼɫţп㣬ֻһɫڿ㣬޳ʵȶʱ¶˳ûаʲôǹ۾ƺֱˣǹû˵
Ӣǹϵغ׼ǿ÷ǳʱ¶ɱֻ֪Ҫлᣬ˱۸ˣºٻϣӢҲѾ⣬ҪŹǣǹҲӦ
ʱѽţп㼫´ã˰ɣҪϼá
Ǹ߸˵˵ͷã
ıǹѾסĺףȻ˵Żƻúܣ㲻Ӿں档
Ӣܼ߽ǴŵƵʯݣľ޷²⣬жʱ˼ҪʱǷǳףɽ֮ϣ԰ٷְٵĿ϶ҲǱűĵˡ
֪ʯݻǳΣգ㲻̾Ҫ⵽֣ԼܵţҪҽó£ԼɱкǵĳˣҲûʲôõġ
ʱһǾôݾ֮ʯɱһʲôӦ
ͷֻӢܵһҪԥĹֻӣ˾Ҫ³Ϊʬ塣
Ȼʱֻʯ֮߳һ˾ǸղѺȥǸ߸ӣһȴǸеģųˣȴץһŷɫ˯£˫ֱŮӣŮӵϳž֮ɫ
Ӣں׼￴ףŮᣬɵһ֪Ҫʲô
ʱֻ˶еǹ׼ᣬʯſһ߳һʮ꣬һӥӵ
˴ʱɽϻһۣȻţѾסˣСѾûʲôôĻͻͷ
ӢҲû뵽ı仯ǳӥӵҲ֪ǲ˵ġͷӥһõõȷǺһǳЧǾԼİ֣ļᱻͬ㵽ˡ
˼֮䣬ǳӥӵѾһ
Ӣʱһ̾ǲ֪Ҳڲ²治һˣҲδᣬʵڲȥðհ
ʱ뵽˻ǹͷϵˣܿͷͷΪ滹ʯ漪δ֪İΣ̫Σˡ
ųˣʱҪֻ¾߳ȥ
ӢܾӢܣ˲Ѿ侲ķƣ˵ĿǱҲ˵ҪԼǹ֣¾Щڵĳ棬˻Լ˵仰˵ĻᣬŲ룬ͻһöӵ
ףֻЩ֪ԼĴڶǵвҽãܱסһ


 139 ϽõΣգ3
ʱӢѾٵ˾ʯľֻһңȫȷȼߵǹ֮ڣȻĹ˰
ǹϰֻౡǹüоͺȻһţȻ쵹ڵϣҲһ˲
滹վղſµˣƲԣҪſڵϣӢɱ֮ģ˸ҪǰˣѱǹȫͷҪ֮ӵԴ͸Ҳһǰ˵ڵأҲûˡ
ڶ̶̵ļڱɱӥɫʱ䣬͵ı
Ӣʯ´治ĽͷӥţѣҪ̷ǽãĻһ
˵⻰ӥ¶ͷϢ׼һǹӵպòӥӵͷƤ
ӥӺһʱѾץסʯݶȥѾ¶һܣͣĴš
ʱӥѾ˵ʯֻҲڴǹǲǾ죿
ӢܵѾ˵ˣѣǾ죬ͷӥȰһ䣬ڷҽûüǻ߲ʯݵġ
ӥ˹ȻǰͷӥֻͲɱᡣ
ӢܺȻЦ£Ȼ¡ͷӥǸˣһ䣬ɱǡôɱһ᲻ɱ
ӥ˺ȻǲǸץסߡˡ
Ӣ֪Ȼ˽Ǹɱ֡ߡˣҡͷӥҿԴӦ㣬ֻҪҽãҲΪѣԼȥɡ
Ӣ˵Щɱֵıܡȴûзκεؾ裬˫۲ͣں׼Ϲǰ
ɽϼпܻǱŰͷӥ£Լ˵Ǻױ¶ģǹԷȻҲУֻҪԼһǹ֡ͿԼ
Ҳʼ£ŵһʯ֮
Ȼ뿪ǶӲݲãһӵౡӲݶʱ֦Ҷҷɡ
Ӣ׼̴ӵķǹֵĴλãú׼Ǹϸţܿ졣ͷĿꡣ
ǰҲ״һƬС֣һ׸ߵʯʯ֮ϣһǹǹҲʮо飬ֻ¶˰ͷ۾Ҳ׼ϣ
صǲͷ׵ľ֮ڣӢ˵ûʲôѶȣѸٵ׼˵ĶͷȻϵĹ˰
ֻǹֵǹȻȥǰͷʱˣѾǱб
Ӣܻɱˣû¶ͷٴǰУһ֮
ʱǰͷӥƺѾϵ֪ǹֱӢܻУִĽţжӵܱܵﺦ˹aͨ׷öأʱѾûдٻţãţӰһһСûˣҵҲֵˣˣﻹֵܣ湻ˣҲ㣬
һľУȻǡҪʲôҪҪҽ㣬ӢܣӢܣ취ǰ
ӢһֱûҲ֪ôˣ֣лᣬӦóˣֻ׶༪١
ʱ˰ͷӥĻؼУҲһѺһǸ֮ͽޣɥĲĺּϽã˵ԽúٻȥԼڳ޷ȣҲǻһģԸðգòȥðˡ
ȵͷӥס֣ʲôֻܿ۶ǮҶԸ㡣
ǰͷӥʱֿЦԵģҪǮҽ𣬲ǵɲͣãϷе·ˣ֣Ǻú̸һ̸
ʱֻеӢܣӢܣ㲻ҪǻẦģҼסҺͽôЩˣ㶼Ҫš
˵ʯʱؓĿ޽֮˺ݺݴ˶⡣
Ӣжʱһʹͷӥû⣬Ҳǣͽ
˵žͷǹT㣬ֻһڿ㣬Ȼվ߾˫ʯȥֻҪͷӥҪǮͺðˡ
ʯݻжʮ׵ʱʱʯ֮߳һǹƽͷһֻȴһܣȴ֪ʲôá
ƽͷ˽ǹڶ׼Ӣܣר֮ǰȴٿܷڵϣȻ˺󵽼֮⣬ҩȥ죬Ҫʲô
Ӣܼļأҩʲôҩ֮࣬濴ҲǱҩһɱ˵ƣǸɡ
ʱӢ֪ԼпܻɰԼֳӢ棬Ͻõ׾ܻ֣ԼСξӦ޷յһˣΨһܶĵģܹǮ򶯰ͷӥҲֻжһˡ
ʱӢܣԼֱϣȻ󻺻Ľҩƽȥֻһ͸е˻վҪվˣ˫˫žʼ
ƽͷ˼ķӦһЦãԵģԽˡ
ӢǰţֻԽԽٶ۳أ˫žǹǦƵģһҪѺܴľ𲽵ʯֻʮ׵ľ룬ȴñ˼ʮﻹˡ
ųصĲòײ߽ʯʱ龰
ʯڲΪªһյԴƿĵƼѾõòӵʣԼŵǽ߷ڼͰװҺ壬Ҳ֪ʲôͱ
Ҳĵ̺֮ϣһһ׳˻ǹָʱڵϣǳӥӵİͷӥվߣȴһ
ƽͷ˵ϴҩѾˣСҲ治ʲô
ǰͷӥӢܻӣҲֳЦݣĿҼϵͣһ£Ȼʲô찡ǵϵˣ벻ῴˡ


 140 Ů1
ӢܼΪԼѣҲϣѾҲ֧Ųסˣ˫һ˵ϣֻԴģӦƽٶ
ʱЩǣͷӥ㿪۰ɣҪǮҶԸ㡣
ʱͷӥȻЦǮӻеǣֻӻӵĴ£ӾǮҲûãԵģҪҪһϷ
ͷӥҪǮӢһ֪ԼˣϽѾǳΣյľأȴûаֺڣԼһɱ֣һ˸һУԼڵĻᣬһΣǻѡݡ
ӢܵӣֿӢܣӢܣôôɵôҶ㲻Ҫģƽʱôôôôɵ
ӢܸоԽԽû֪ͷҲԽԽ裬Ҫ˶ԼҪ£ڰҧŬڿԼǣԸκֻҪһ˿ĻᣬͲԼﲻҪΪȫϽõƴȫ
ӢעBU5ţһֶϵͳЧ˲ͣ鴤УȻԡǰͷӥ֪еûٰӢܷϣӢܵ飬һץͷأСӵˣˣ
Ӣ⸶ӣѾĻ䣬Լûиѧ书ڲ˽㣬Ӣܣ֪ЩǲŹģ´Ӣҵˡҵˡ
ǰͷӥ¶˲֮ɫ СѾͷСᣬˣһΪˣҲࡣⳡϷһܾʾʡ
Ѿʶ˲ԣҪҪʲô
ǰͷӥЦʲôҪ㣬ʲôûˣҲ㣬ҪǽóΪȫȫ綼Ĵǡ
ӢŬؿԼǣŬֻһЩԣ޷ͷӥػǷڵϵʲôˣͷӥǹݶȻּϽáȻ¼ϵŹᣬþҲʹ
ʱͷӥֵϷҪŮǵݼģߣʱ͸
˵ŽͷһƫƽͷӾʹһƤóһܼСҩƿһСҩƿȥһ룬ȻֿʼһСҩƿߵǰ
ͷӥԣһЦ֪²ãҲҪҲҪ롣
᱾ͽ˫ֱţܹЩˣǰͷӥһ§޷ƽͷ˾ͼĽҩұ
ʱǰͷӥһѽڵϣЦŵС椶֪ղŸעʲôԵĴҩйֽŮܿͻˣҪǽı飬ʽе˶֪ϼŵǧСǶô¼йŮؾǶô¼ҿЩ컹ʲôˬˬӾǱץסǹУҲõϵ
ӢĿЦȴʼҩҩԽԽǿȴڵó˵ţԼԣҪۼⳡ˼Ҿ磬ʱӢѾҧԼ⣬־ҵʹ̼񾭣Ѫһһڵ븹Уʱʵ̫Ҫˣһ˲ıҲܹϽá
ǰͷӥߵӢܵǰԵģΪˣİŮǸζһˬҲûʲôǸ㹻ˣԼ÷һ£֪㵽ʱвУ
ʱڵѾŽ
ͷӥЦС椶УҩδҩԵˣҺãʱеģ椶úܲǸǶֻСҲ֪ԵĿûУһǣԵʱҾζȥˣ㳥Ը
ʱѾһȻ֪Ӷ֣Ѿ⣬бƳӢܾԼԶĵطţ۾ƱշǱյģ߹ȥ˵ϣᣬ૵ӢܣӢܣҺ㣬һǲܸ㵱ˣ±һģ㲻Ҫˡ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹȥӢܵգǰͷӥ֪ҩϾҪҲȥµš
ӢѾҧͷǱȸղЩҸоָѾܹԼг𣬶ʱͲµ⣬ֻԼ֮Ҫ뷨Ծ
ǰͷӥòԶӢ޷˵аḩԼʱס˰ͷӥߣ۾գһ¡
Ӣܱǰ˯˯ӣôһۣﾹЩƽյ⣬֪ûȫ˥ȥоʱһϲȼϣˣ ܵġ
ҲǸĹûֹͣԼǣͣӢܵϣͷôţֻԼһΣͻһѣһ
ǰͷӥӢܵ⣬治һ䣺ģС椶ǸС֣ϧʱûϡ
ʱƽͷȻڵϵϴôûзӦǲǸղעbu5ʱöЩ
ͷӥʱҲȥ棬𼱣ٵһŮʮԣֻҪҩԿʼȫӣһѵģֽôһúܡ
ʱһ׳˵ϴ㵱ȻˣǸС椶ͽҺ
ǰͷӥղӢ˵ʲô⡱±һģ㲻Ҫˡ
֪뻹ûĴŮСŮʵںҲЩģĽһϣĿǰԼ¾ֻˣΣ֮УȥһԼ
±˵ͷǵȻУС椶ͽˣ˭ԼȭʣµǸ˱񣬼סҪ༸д嶼ҪûУȻٽ
ǷæͷģЩӸϴģ£ܸ㵽ŮҲǲˡ
ʱѾеЩͿ˴ˮĸоָоȴԶǿ̫࣬еԼ忪ʼúˡ


 141 Ů2
ʶʱѾʼ뵽Ӣû㹻ԼԼԾĺãҩԷǸ˵һԼʧȥǱһˣĳ衣
ʱֻеϴϴһ£ҿҲҪ̲סϴϰɣҡҪ̲סˣС椿Ư
ʱ㣬㣬ѣѣЩҪҪ㣬ɱǰ
Ӣʱȴһ浱ָУѵıȫסˣ
ţǷѾʼȭܿоʤЦ˰ͷӥ֮
ӢܼǷѾڿʼ·ƴ־񾭣ΣҪһ
Ƿһ£һԼǺûɢҪӢܵܣǷϷŹЦһϣСԹԣ£ѾʼˡŮҩѾܿҪˣø㣬ȻҪŤ̫жˡ
˫ֱţǰǰ¡ȥ⿪ȻͿʼֶ
ᱻ˶ѹ޷֪Ӷˣ˾߼Լ̣֮£һۣҪҧͷԾ֪ܲɡ
ӢҲѾǷ˺ѣжʱŭ糱ѪڿҲ֪ȻһУָ̧͵ĲǷо֮Զص˫ۡ
˫֮ҲǸӢĿǰ˵ЧĹĿ꣬ƴȫָʱǷеۿ
ǷէܴϮʹޱȣ˫ڵһ߷һ߲ҽУѪѾ˳ֻ۾Ѿǻˡ
ǱߵİͷӥѾ£¶һŹǾ⣬ֹͣ뵽Ů¶ǳ˿ֲ֣вɵһbu5ȻʹϵͳܴԿƣŮ˵ؼٷڣܹ𵽴̼ԵãҩӦѾŮҲÿʼѹŤǣһʵЩ
šеزҽУͷӥдһȷǸϼ޻ļһԣȻּƺһ˼
ڰͷӥһǣԭڵһȻһԾ𣬻Լػȥ
һƽʵʵĻǰӾ类ǧشУ͵ɳԶײʯǽ֮ϣȻ󵯵ڵϣѪۼžͲûˡ
ͻıʣʱϲؼ㣬ӢܣǶûˡ
ǰͷӥʱûɢҪܵſڣȴо沢û׷һʹҴһתͷȥȴƺ׷˼ʱҡҡλΣѾԼãһӢܣҲڵϣҪվȴŬķ
ͷӥ״¶ʱһʱͣס˽ŲûţһӢܵĶһȴɿĽűߵ߸ߵͰУž͹ţŷˡॡһš
ӢƵͷӥΣĹͷҪȥͰҹţһʯﲢûдֻʯ֮żķ϶ͨжʱԤе鲻
ʱصڵϣӢ֪ҶСղűȻԼһȫһֻǿ֧ţǰͷӥҪǵٴһֻſٴһͻֻ֪ǿ֮ĩ
ǱӢŪϹ˫۵ķлڵϷҽţӢܼǹԼԶĵϣᣬ죬ȥǹɱˡ
ʱֻԽԽȣӦһܹȥʰǹָ˰ϣ׼ǷУ¶֮ɫȴٳûпǹ
Ӣ֪£͵ᣬˣǹң
Ƿ·ѹˣһĶģӢܼʱŪϹ۾ԼʱҪôѾɱҪôѾ̣ʱŭ
ҲҵѪҺȻҲ¸ҵһ档һҧǹڶ׼ǷУ۾
飬飬飬飬顭
ǹ֮ǷвҽеʱȻֹ
ȵὫǹӵ⣬ٴȴǷѾһѪģѣһæӵеǹ
Ӣ֪һɱˣķӦȻǺǰͷӥ棬ǾԲʧܵģԼ˵Σջûжɹæȥȴϥ˫΢գ˫ǰ棬ӰӾɮдʽĵѾʪϾа͸
Ӣܵᣬʲô
ὫָӣǰһʽȻӴӢܵĶߵӢܣ㲻֪Ұ̸ְֽڹķһ뽫ҩԱƳ
˵ȻԼԽԽܣӢܽıһݺݵһף֪Ǹ˵ʲôŮҩϽŬѹסԼĺ˼룬ʹԼջǸˣĵطĻнһеģֻŽܹҩԸϿƳȻԼ
ʱȴӢܵᣬȥţǲǱˣ
ӦһæߵſڣʹţȻ˿ӢܣŴ򲻿
ӢҲϵˣһǰͷӥ涯ֽţţԲٽҺҩһָЩ취
ȥ˿ǽڣȫǰ׳ʯɣЩʯͷӲִҲ֪а취ûУܴܲ򿪡
ڴ˿̣洫ǰͷӥĿЦ棬ΪܹӹһΣ֪Ͱװʲô𣬸㣬ȫͣӱ׼֮ȻϽֵܱãûҸɡһɿУ㻹û˿ĴŮɣڻлᣬʹʹǸ÷һҲܳζģԵģ㣬ǰԷԽûɲ˭ܸģˣҲǸ
ߣס˵쵰Ǵ֮ҵС㣬˵Ļʵûʲôˮƽ


 142 Ů3
ĻȻҲĶУֻһҵĲܿѹסˣƺŬƽӢܼʼԽԽ죬ʲôŮĴҩѾǰвá
ʱŵһǿҵζ˱Ƕ
Ӣ֪ǰͷӥǽͣžҪôһԼ˾ڽӣɫһ䣬ǿӵվȻûƽɣӵѾʯͷֺصˮ壬״̬ʱҲδܹڶʱӳȥʱ졣
ž䡱һȻһŨ̴ʯӿӢʱǺÿƺѵһؼ֮ʱȻʹ࣬Ŭš
һ߿ԣһߵӢܣڸô죿
ӢܵסЩʯ죬Ũ̽
Щʯжʮ֮࣬Щ컹Сֱĵáȡʲô£Ӣܣʲô°
Ӣʱֻ뵽ȥؾʲôûˣ˼ľ͵··ȡ˺ˣҪˮȡǻᱻϿġ
һ˵ţһߵʬ֮ԣ˵ﶼֻڿ㡣
֪Щﲻסǽ죬Ӣܳһڿ㣬ûʲôһҧԼķɫ˯£ֻʣһɫɫСɰڿ㡣
˯֮Ҳ˲úߣͷ뽫˯˺ʵ̫ˡһ˺˼¡Ҳûм˯ѿһڡ
ӢƵԽԽŨ¶Ҳڿʼߣ͸ЩʯĿ϶Կܵ棬æᣬ˯¸ҡ
Ӧһæ˯½ϡ
Ӣܽ˯½סһƴȫ˺ȥ˯ÿڸеԣδֻǱ޷˺ѡ
ʱֻӰһΣϵ˯Ѿ˶ȥ
ӢһȴǸղŻڵص档
ֻ˫ֵһꡱ֮Ǽɫ˯¾ͳһȻ󽫷¿Ҳ˺ˣȻ󼲿ҵŵؼƿȪˮȥ
Ӣƺָжʱһϲ
ЩȫŪʪ֮ͽֳѣݸӢáӢܣǷֱǽסһűӡ
ӢҲ˵ӹЩһһסӣͿʼǽ
ȻЩʵ̫٣նµһ࣬Ѿûˡ
ʱ㣬ӢܣȻ侹־ٵ󣬰ժʱ¶һԼ׵εģ׺ŷۺС鷿ȴȻ޺֮ɫ
ֵݸ㣬ȡȡ˺
һ㶣һҧͽ˺ķݣԼݣӢһݣִҴҶ·ȥˡ
ʱ·ķ϶ѾºãϷȴʮð̡
żĵȡȣ⣬Щûжסô죿
þҵĿ֮Ӣһۣƺ̾һȴѧõӣϵĵ¶˺ɫ֣ȥɫţп㣬°һǣԥһ£æֻʣһõ˿ڿ㣬޳ȶʱȫ¶˳
ȻһӢǰޱ֮󣬱㿪ʼ˺ѣͽʣµĿȪˮȫȥ
ȵȥ·죬ʯϷЩ϶׶࣬ӢҲš
ʱȻ뵽յӦܹɸߵģæС㣬ܲԾȥЩ¡
治˵꣬Ѿһݣףͽü˵ϣУ᲻ɡɲȥҲ޷ͣ
Ӣܼ˵⻰ѾЩϢ֪岢ûȫָһȻǺãС㣬վҵļᣬ㸺ݲʬֻϿ챨
ĻŲΥζᶼԼͬĵ˵ͷ
Ӣܱһ϶΢ӣվԼ˫֮ϣվһǣӢֻԼȻڲƵķŶϸһɽƵģ֪ԼվסҲҲ޷ԽҩԱһֵȥҩͺͺƺЩƣֻǻҪǿҵö࣬ΨóԽ˵־ֿסҩԣֻҪһ˿ϣȴ
ȻҪվһ˵ļϣһŮ˵ȷǼε£ҲǸܹµŮˣʱ̣վӢܵļҲ˲κεɬһ߳Ѿʼ̵ʯǽһýʪĲŷ϶
˲͸ϽȥǷϵֻܿӢܣҵˣֻ
Ӣܵã绰֪ͨ
ҪֻȴվӢܼϵãǧҪ
һ㶣㣬Ϊʲô
ҪǾˣǡǡӳʲôҪǴȥǽϼŶûˡ
ʱԼѾ㣬Ҳֻһ̿㣬ӢҲòȥһȻ٣˶ӣᴫȥģȷҪ¹ʱɵżô죬ֲڼңǸ˻棬ǽ˭ȡ
ʱӢܵᣬͨ룬˵
˵žһֻȴպհ³ġ
Ӣĺͨһ˵ιλ
æιιңӢ㡣
һ˵ţһֻܹӢܵĶߡ
Ӣֻץס⻬Сȣպհ³Ӣܡ
Ǳպհ³̾͵ϰ壬ʲô£
ӢܵϴŵǵİɽұɽʯͷŻСģԷǹֻһˡ
ֻպհ³ЩĴãϴϰ壬һҪס
Ӣܵʱû£Ҫٶȸˣ֪ͨһС㣬Ů˴·Ҳһˡ
պհ³ϰ壬ˣġ
Ӣܡšһ͹Ҷ˵绰
ͨӢܾͼʯǽƶţʮ֮еķ϶ѾסˣȻǺˣѾڽѬˡ
ʯǽѾˣ˶м£еЩϢⶼڷȣƤѾͨ죬ؿŵ㣬桭л𣬿ȡǸͰôûꡣ
滹ûлشӢܱͷӥǲŹǵģĻ໨ټܣȫЩľͷƬա
żĵǡǡô죬ȥȣǶᱻġ


 143 Ů4
Ӣ뵽еĿʱ˿Ҳް취ɶֻõ֣סᣬС㣬ĿԽԽ٣ǲ˵ˣ㣬һӣһӡ
ȻʱһִûйǿˮӿӢܱԼֻߵľ룬һƣѾӢܵǰ
յԴƿĵӢͿڿʼļбƵҲһ㣬֪ʲôŮѾܹƵģ˵ǰԣǶСĽϣһĸоʱ
Ӣ֪˼Ἣпʧأʶһµᣬ쾲סԼܶһЩʱ䣬ҵȡ
ᱻһƣܿȥȡ֪ǵȲˣӢܣѵ֮ǰ㶼ϱһңһ𣿡
һ˵ţһȴӢܵĦţֻſһЩһЩ
ԭ˵һ֮УܣһıܡıܣԵıܣԵرܣ䲻ϳɳٲԽپԽԽ࣬ʮŮǺѶģνŮʮǣʮ绢Ҳɴ˶һԡһòɫȡǷ񷢴ȻҪȡһ˺ܵؽҵĿر𷢴ȱǵĻôһΪɫ뵴
¼νҩԭԴ̼ﵽĿģЩҩǿڷģɷͨĳҩġͷӥ⡰ŮȴĿǰش֮߰ٶŮʵɵĻѧҩһйģֲЩŮӣԽ˵ټںܿʱΪʮϣŮķҲᳬڼе츾һһǣĳҲԵʧȥǣΪνūֽŮ治ǿЦģٹңһ˵ı֮£޷ơ
ϡƲþټޱȵġŮʱѾЩˣֻǻǸӣ֪˽ϣʧء
ȻܹƳһbu5ͨˮųѾʮ꣬Ѿȫ죬ǡŮѾ̼١ѾǿҵҿԸоڷȣȻ࣬⻺ʪܣ֪ʲôԼֻһڿ㣬ˮȫԿһֱӢöֻң֪Ǻá
ʱҪӢ§ǵõĸܵģʱ˿̣ȴֲܲ˵תֻͷãӢһ𡣡
Ѿһҵ״̬ڵķͺһԽԽ࣬Ļֻ૵ĶӢܵϹҾҪˣҸһӣòã֪֪жôϲ㣬ԶһҲСӣǲǣҺܣҡ
һ˵ţһȻıӢܣѩ׵ŤţӣѾȥѾԵؿԸеĺѾˣֻҪһҪϢ
ӢѾǿЩʱȻһѹԼ£Ȼס۵ӣ
ʱȻŭҪ߳ȴӢܶ볣˽ǵʽвͬڲͣĹĶţڸö
һ̣סˣ֪ʱӢڵĺҲѾˣ˲ͣؽɸãԴʱ龰˵Ǿ޴ģֻȥõһӵûʲôͬ
ղȻװŲƳҩڵĶȴãɴӢܸԸƣҲ˵ðżΣգѾ֮⣬ûԣ޷ġȻС۹ûпˣʲôصıȷһˣһǳֵþĺеӡ
뷨ֻһܿʡˣҲ˲Σվ˹ȥӢܣÿȡ
Ӣæ뿪һԣȴıסһʱ޷뿪ղŻ쳱Ѿò԰ף۾ʼպˣҲûиղŤ
Ͻõ˫ǿдӢܵıֿȻ󳤳һתһžĸ˹
ӢûɫֺؼҲ˹ɣ֪Ȼҵʲô书
ûв´ʱ˵Ǹ״ĹϢ֮ԽϡĿӵļޣҲֻд˷ɽ֮
Ȼʱ¶ԽԽߣѾûʲôӢֻؿڴѵѾʮֵѣͷҲγ֧Ųס˵ϣȱ֮ףԼֻҲֲպհ³ˡ
ĬĬڵϣӢֻٶ˼ȴתţڴʱ̣ȻеһıԼݵһ֮УʲôҲûֻһĹͣǣԼĸҲ֪ʲô֡ʱָĸŮӵò櫡ҶٻᡢѩãĸʸŮӣ޿ɷϵĶǼΪŮĸŮӣ֪ǶԼģڽİҲǿȥļԼȥһʹ޲ֹϾͻСҲ֮ǵˣͻὥĽԼǡ
櫣ŮӴСϲԼİӦñỹӣ֪ԼѶ֮һLͷӥѣӵĺǣҲὫɱԼԺ뵽˰¶ͣһ𳤴һֵܣԿ¶ϲ櫵ģҪԼһһҲʱʱչ櫣Ҳ֮ܶǻһġ
ѩã֮ŮˣЩܹеĸܵԼĽҪԼһǳǳģҲܾöЦգϾǴϰصŮˣŴϰҪ˶೤ʱͻű񣬻ԼԸϼţѩȻ˽˹ʣóѩöԴϰǷǳҳϵģǾԷӵģԲŻԼûʶһ죬ͽ׵ӽ˼ȫİˡôҲ˵ѩȻԸ⣬пҪ˶þͻΪ˵֮ˣˣʵԼһǲġ
ȻĸŮ֮УȷľҶٻŮӣʵǺзģÿһκһܹþһ㣬ϲŮָоһֺ΢ģ˵Ķǣ֪ԼѶ֮ҶٻôķӦأҲڵõϢһǣģܹأУϲԼģжϲӢʵ޷ȷҲ֪ģԼԶ֪ˣԶᡭ


 144 Ů5
Ӣܴʱ˼뿪ʼģ״ӣͻϢ
ǣȻһԼϣžһµԼ촽˳ź˷β֮ͷԾȻѣž
һۣȾͼһ˫һ˫ǵ棬ȻڸԼӣԼϡ
ӢһϽӣ뿪
Ӣż;ԼߣгȴһҲܶ
龰Ӣæôˣ
ıǲȻܿͻָ򶨣ҩѾѾѨʱ޷
˵⻰һתᴿִյУ롣
Ӣܿᣬѩ׵ļѾ˵ɫСɵ⾹ȻӲͦԭۺɫҲѾˣһͷͼɫСɰڿײѾʪ͸ˣ۾ȻţȴǲѪ˿һƬҡ
ΪһѾİĳӣӢȻ֪ھſµ尾һֹ򣬸̾ҵ书ء
ö֮󣬾ͱӢܡ
ӢܵȻûбԼ۾汳һ񱳣˫խ⻬й󣬾һɫһ㣬Եʣ֫ȻϸԲ޹ǡ˵ԡ
ǣֻһõ˿ڿ㣬β¶һ棬֫һ״һޱȵ«
Ӣܿͷʱһȣ¸Ҳ̲סЩӦܿͰԼ޳ܣʱ뵽Щ顣棬Ӧضмǡ
ŬĿԼеӢܽ۾Ƶ˱𴦣һ£С㣬ڹ˶ˣ
ʱʵűûҪܵ尾ѾǸ淢÷ǳŮˣڹʣȻûкһԵ˽ȴѾ١Ǵ̼ġŮȻҲҪܶ࣬ѾоڵȵķѾ͸ڿ㣬˳Ŵ⻺Ǳ̿ٿǱǧֻҧţȴֻø׽Լڹķѹס
ӢܵĻŹʮӣӢܡѹƻҪСʱҲܸǻҪס
Ӣܵ˵ͷû˵˷ɸԼˡ
Ļ޷ģֻһӢܵĺֿʼٸ
Ѿĺ֮аһ̾תӢܵӢܣҸ㡭ɲ˼롣
ӢȻôȥ˵ͷС㣬лˡ
Ѿ촽ӣû˵ʲôתԼӣյӢܵ촽֮ϡ
˫ഥһǣӢܵ۾ԼĪһƺޱȣ͸Ͻӣһ㡭۾ϡ
˵⻰ӢܵȻҪֱӣͱ۾
ٴͷȥӣϣȻתؼ˹ȥǣ͸ղŶĸоѾһˣ˵촽ôػȣŨҵĺζӦǺŵģȴǿҵ
ȻӢܲҪ˼룬۾ȴ̲סߵϸˣŨŨüëֱͦرεգȻ㲻Ͼ£һǳˣ͸еһ˵׺밲ȫУҲôϲԭ
뵽Щһңɹ֮󣬺ӢܼԼ飬Լڿ㾡ʪǻӢܣ۾
ӢܵѾ࣬ΪǲϣԼȫӣ˵ͷȻû۾
а棬ȥڵϵãȴĺֿʼæ˶жɹȴȻԼеѨȴʼ΢΢ŤɼǡŮ֮ԡ
ӣŵӢܴŨζ̲סȥȴһĹͭɫƤ˫ؼʵеԣǺĶͷһֱ˳š
ʱĿ⾹Ǻţһɫʽ̿㣬̿У΢΢͹һš
֪ʲôʱΪԼ͵о߳ܣҪƽʱܵģǽԼƫƫ¡
Ȼ溦µ鷢ˣֻڣȻܲסԼĿ⣬ȻӢܵ忴ȥԽԽ̣ķҲԽԽࡣ
ʱȻԼҪֲסˣҪǿҶӿȥ˽ϣ⣬ôУôУҵŮҲһѫ׿Ůܵ飬οĳհˣпܻΪԼ÷򰡡
ţȴӢɫѾڿʼˣ˫üƺŬţԼĴ
תһԼӣӢܵӡȥһΣȴúܽӢϴǿҵֻ֮¸ȵ˷һֱƴƵǾһ˲ʧˣȻſΣıסӢܣȻûкκ˽ӹǣǶ֮ȴܵ̽ӢܿС
Ӣȴһ⻬ӽžһУҺܿľͲסԼͷһæȴͨ죬гһ⣬§Լǡ
ӢܴʱѾܲǡŮҩԣʧȥǣȻһīسɹˣͷԲѵ˺
һС㣬ѣУҵ˾Ϳˣټּ֡
汻һƣʱ˼֣æſתһߣһǳǿŮˣ˾Ѿ޵ݣѾ̲ס
ʱǡŮҩѾ˸߷壬ܿǿҵӿʱѾ޷ٿԼʱֻסԼѨӢܶҪвͨȥסӢܵѨԼ޴ӷйıڣôҲһңôһе˶


 145 Ů6
ʱȴýе˼ţΣʧȥģΨһһ·ǷԼҩԽ⣬һ˿ǣܹ˹˶
ʱѶȸ΢΢ŤٶһȻվ
ĬһתӣӢܣĽ⿪Լĺɫ֣ʱһԼͦģѩ׵ģͬ鷿ҲһǷۺɫֻҪԴһʱҲΪȼյӲӲš
ӢҲǸˣ治˵κεĻѾ⡣
Լ棬ǸôŮӣļĹӣһ˫ԭˬӢȴΪԵˮջ
Ӣ֪ܵѾԼ˼ʹҧҧӣӢܣס֮£ֻȲѣʯ֮ͱǣ㲻ǷʲôҲϡ
Ӣܰ̾һ˵ͷ
ʱѾԼõڿ㣬ӢܿĿڲľӨҺ壬Ǳһϧ
ʱߵӢܵߣӢܡҪʧȥƣһҪҸ֪𣿡
ӢܱǸСܹµˣǵѡһͷС㣬㲻˵ˡҲġ
û˵ˣıסӢܣӣľȥȻ׾˿
Ӣܹרŵҩѵ֪شҩ˵ϣ˻ŮˡֻԼĻӷҲ˵ﵽ߳ؽͣŻ˻ָǣЩµŮˣû˵£ñĸ߷ڶﵽָ߳
ӢҲſأûаٵʲôС㣬Ǻ÷Ӣѩһһѹ¡ţһȴָ鷿ϣỬеԡ
ָһ淢һĽʣ˫ֽøӣеǶ֮Ӣܽһ
ȻڷԼȻûȫʧȥǣһӢܾϢ֮ʱͿʼӢܶɹӢȴԽԽŮˡ治֪ǶôʹڿԼ
Ӣܵ£ѾоؼӲ֪ԼҪģӢȥӢҲϵȥԼΨһڿ㡣
סӢܣͲĽԼ˫֮ȥӢͿľӨҺ֪׼˫ȣѾ΢΢Ĺȵȥ
Ȼ뵱ʱѩͬȻխǳʪӢ֮ܽһ赲֪ʲôһͦͳǲŮ˽£ֱûĵײ
ʱֻµ͵ˣȻ󷢳һʹ˫ֵָѾƤ֮С
ӢܸڵͣӣȴԡӢܣöˡ
Ӣ֪ǷѵʹһǴ̼ǣתͷߵᣬĺȻѾ΢ˣæõһߡ
ſٵ֮ʹ֧תһŶС
ӢܼڵѪѾ˳Ŵ߰£־ʹ֪ȻҪǿŸֻϧʱѾȫ壬֪治֪жôѹ
öоȻʹѵͷѾȸղҪһЩ֪ⷨӿУһᣬҲ˲߳ܣ»صӢߣϡ
˵ʵӢĿ֮֮ңʱѾ᲻ˣѾЩήԼϣֲòϣ̧סǰӲͦСɵ٣Ӻܿ˷ӦžŷڣһΣȴҪ׵öࡣ
ʱȻһӢҲʹȴüӣȴֿʼԼ
ʱӢѾеؿҲʼͣ뵽ƵĶҪԼֻҲҪ֧Ųסˣһ뿪Լ죬С㣬㡭㻹вС
ͷŴŴŵĺû˵ֻҧӣŤţƺͲԼʹ
ȻӢ֪ʹ̼񾭣ʧȥǣǽխŤҲʹ࣬ŮӶ̣ܽͣûãխ֮£ʵڼֲסйˡ
Ȼûдﵽ߳ŤĦţӢǿ֮󣬾ָֻ۷磬ڶνڣһȴǿ־ãӣţһ޷ѹֵ
һĽϣӢһ֮УһĺۼܶԺǼ£ԶļǵԼʹݵı飬Լѩ׵Ľϲĺ飬УʱȴʥĲġ
ڸӢ֮ᷴѾӢܵϣ΢΢պϣؿھҵţǿľԼеֻǡŮҩԲΪö٣αܵӢܵϻĶţǸ߳ȴٳδҩ޷
Ӣһʱ䣬պհ³Ӧøϵˣ֪ѾҲ֧ŲסӣȫҪϢеŬǰ׷ˣµǣʯݵ˼˳ӣ治֪ô롣
ʱȴһϰ壬ϰ壬㻹˵𡣡
Ӣףպհ³
һŮ˵ŵӢܣӢܣס˻㡭û°ɣˣ˵
ſǻȴѩá
Ӣʱдϲƴȫպհ³ʱûУ
պհ³ϲС㣬ޣϰ廹ڣϰû
˵⻰ֵһˣѾ׽סˡ
Ӣ˼ϸ壬뵽պհ³˻˽ĳɲЩ˼պհ³ѻ֮ҿСȻԶһЩ
պհ³Ҳ֪ΪʲôϰԸȻԵʣǣˡ
ûһŷһ죬պհ³͵ϰ壬ѾȫˣѾҿȴ˵һȥС
Ʊְֵ֧л


 146 Ů7
ӢܵĻһʱȻǰͷӥĿЦԵģĻб£ܻţҵûУûбǿ飬ζˬˬ
һ𣬾пһЩûбסϸ͸ʯ･ѾûƸУӢҲ󺹣Ǹ5ҩѾźˮ˲٣ӢܵѾָϣǰͷӥĿЦһݣպհ³˵ȸҴá
պհ³̻شϰ壬ģҰ˵ȸˡ
˵⻰ǰͷӥĲҽ֮ȻԽԽԶѾպհ³ϵһȥˡ
ȻŴѩҪŽˡ
ʱȴſӢϵӢܣȱСҡҲӡ
Ӣ˵ƺҲָЩ壬뵽ԼţȷΣæѩãҲȱٵһȣһġ
ѩøղǰͷӥ˵ʲôҵûУûбǿ顱֪һӢһʯһʲô޷·
һ߲²⣬һһľ׼Ѿյ÷̵ŶʹӢܵҲµʲô·ӦһãҾվţٽ
볣˲ָͬñӢܻһЩһָǿҵ֮ʱѾӢ˹ϵҲû뵽Ҫֹͣͦӡʼ
Ӣ֪ҪǡŮҪﵽ߳µС㣬
˵⻰Ѿס棬ѹסžн˶ⷽ浹һ֣֪ôŮ˸Ĵﵽ㡣
ͲͦӭţʱҪҪ˼ӢǷϢѾſܿͷ
ǲûȫʧȥһ뵽ѩþ档ͷһӣʹյӢܵϣѩѿ
ӢܴʱҲſˣµŮˣǳ˸м뾴壬ָм뾴ֻһ˵㺣֮ʱȴĵĿʼŮ˼ţҲסеԵ˫ϴࡣ
˵߹ʱĻӷʮ֮Ӣܾ͸о෢䣬΢ӭƵʼӿ죬Ҹľ飬֪Ѿ¼ӽ˶ֻȽסβָҲƤڲͣţӢҲ޷ƣһйע
һĽ§һһƿӢܣ֮߳ش̼ѾȻûȫʧѾˡ
ȻҪվһǣһľʹһü˵ϡ
Ӣܼ˫ѾѪһֹסţԼѪʪһƬҲһ̲֪˼أٲܵ飬͵С㣬
ѩøղѾǳһʵ벻ͨڷʲô£ӢôһУæľŶ롣
һȥ龰ʱѩĿɿڴʯӵʬ壬ӢȴȫڵϣߣԼһѩ׵ŮˣԵѪ֮ԣȴϰᣬȴ΢΢Ťš
ѩýӢ֪ɻ󣬵ѩãʲôҪʣ·ûУ
ѩһʱȻ˵壬æһеһƤˡ
Ӣܵãó
ѩæƤóȹҲӢ˵ʲôߵߵС㣬ȴϡ
Ӣ֪ûվ𣬱ѩãСˣȰһ¡
ѩôӦһеһɫȹ棬ӡ
ʱ޿ɱܣ޷ƶָֻǰϵڿС㣬鷳㡭ù
ѩʱѾ廹ѪɵС㣬㡭ҪҪ
ҡҡͷû£ֵ֧ס
һ˵ţһΧļѨλ˼㣬ѾסѪҺѪĿʼûˡ
ѩĿõĵѨַҲ죬Ҳʲôȥڿ㣬Сİڿ㴩ãʱĿˣֻǴĿģǸŮˣ뵽˵ʲôӢûбǿĻҲµ˼֣ͬһۣȥ֡
ȵɫȹ洩ϣѩߵߵӢܣСôˡ
ӢС㣬ô죿
ȴ·ȥҩԾҪˣûµġ
Ѿ˺ȥǽ죬ѩҲûдֱֻӽһɫȹϣһƬڰ鷿ûзȫ죬ڴй
ʱӢѾվԼڿ㴩ãȻ߳ʯݣպհ³һѾ˵ɽĵ·ߣߵɽµǶӲԣµ¿㣬ȻǱǹ»صʯݣȴѩöǽĲԵЩѪɰϸģҪ֪Ȼʰʯʬ壬ȻЩɹźӹֱʲŰͷӥ˵Щǿ֮ĻδҲ²⣬ȻѪδ뵽ģȻ¹ŮӵСĽЩá
Ӣ˹ȥȰǹ£Ȼ汳󣬸ֱᣬƽʱŮ׾ٵľܸϣʱһȻЩ»һβվȡ
ѩüǵģæӢܣҪҪһǽպհ³һ°ɡ
һ˵ӢܱϵܽбǣӢܣԼߡ
Ӣ֪ʱƶҲѣµߣûʲôǿЩҽԺȥ
˵ž;ٲ߳ʯݣȴĶĵҲܵҽԺ²κ֪ˣСʱ֮ͻָҲֻǡֻˣҽԺ
ӢҲĹ˼ɣ΢΢һ˼Ǿ͵ҵıȥС˿ڷҩ
֪ʱõİ취ðɣҪ鷳Сˡ
ѩæС㣬ͱ˿ɲᣬܸȾ
˵䣬͵ͣĵطӢҲߣ˺ţȽŽȥԼ汧룬м䣬ҶŮ§ס


 147 Σ1
ѩҲ飬˼ʻϣԿײûȡ£ͷûһ㿪պհ³һڵĵط
³ȴպհ³ʮǰѩõĳҲͣһߣǰͷӥһִεţڵϣ춼ѪڲͣʹţѾ˵ˡ
Ӣһ֪ȻǱպհ³ɹ˵֮ӱסġ
պհ³ӢܸŮģʱ˳ԣŶӢܵϰ壬ôơ
Ӣܻû˵͸оߵڷҪɱ
Ӣܽ§סʾ𶯣Ȼպհ³˲ҪɾһЩ
պհ³̶˼˵ͷϰ壬ˣģʲôġ
Ӣ֪պհ³ɱ˵ĵҲһͷãɽϸʰһ£Сĳ˿ҵҲͣɽ£ˣʯﻹһǹõ
˵žͽԿ״ӿ˳ݸպհ³
պհ³ӢȫĵģǸҳϳĵĺӣʲô¡ʧҲن£ѩõ
ѩôӦһٴɽ¿ȥ
û˵ھļţ汻Ӣܽ§סͷȻؿǻϣӢǿʱıֻۡúõϢ˵ֲԼǿȴܹɽһԼһޱȵİȫУһǿ˴ڵһСŮ˵ĸо
ܸоһӵͷ֪ǡŮҩûɢϽƴѹסӿͷе
ʱ뵽ᡣȥƣȴҲӢܱһߵĻʱҲ۾Ҳ֪Ƿ˯ˡ
״̾һ˵ȷĶԼѾܵĹϵôϲԼôܸȥжʱһȻ㺣μ䣬ֻԶУԼûܹ֪ȻҲ֪ļ佫Լʹ࣬ҲӰ쵽ԼĻǣ֮£ֻȥܣҲܡ
ѩþֿ죬ʮӺ󣬾ͻص˱ȻӢܽ͵˹ȥסǼͷѩþæȥҵﱸõļҩ䣬һЩֹѪҩڷ֮󣬾ӢܳȥԼٸ󣬸ž͸˸ɾʵ¿㼰˯¡
ȵӢܽѾͷ˴ߣҲȫ£˯ţʽƺѾѨ⿪ˡ
ʱҩѾ¼Ӣܣ뵽ʯķޱȵѿޱȵǱɫʱͨ죬ͷȥ
ӢȻ˼ֲø˵ԼûаƲ˼еֻС㣬ҲˣúõϢһᰲһӶ˽̣ʲôֻܷԸǡ
֪Լأȥ伫ǲ㣬ȷҪչˣĬĬ˵ͷû̧ȥӢܡ
ѩʱҲ˴ǣл
˳˿ͷӢܾͽŮӶȥͷţ˿ڷɳЪϢ
ȻصɫѾʼףѾ賿ʱ֣ӢܴʱҲе˽ƣҴҵϴ裬ڴϾͺ˯
bu5ҩãһֱ˯ӢܸһѣͼѩڴߣԼг˹밮
龰Ӣһַǳܰĸо΢΢һЦѩãСôˡ
ѩüˣæСѪѾֹסˣֻǻʱµߣҪһʱĻָСˣΣ˯ˣԾû
Ӣֵպհ³أôˣ
ѩõպհ³Ѿ˵绰Ҹ㣬㽻ѾȫãҲʲô󻼣ġ
һ˵ţһ߳ȥһֶһ״Ӣܣ㶼һûнʳˣһ࣬һٳԷ
ӢܵȷЩˣ˵ͷӹ࣬ҲСףһھͺȥ
ѩôнһߣȻȥ¿㡣
ӢæµţҲһůӿ˵ʵһʼѩòûжٸģЩӵĳϦദԽԽŮ˵ŵ㣬رֵεϸĵչˣʹԼѾϰߣԼڵĸоЩˣЩˡ
¿㣬Ӣߵ̨ϻһֽţֻϵѾȫָˣ߳ݣȥᡣ
˿ͷţȴˣһӢܣ͵С㣬ϰˡ
ʹ
Ӣ˽ȥȴȻڴͷȴû棬С㣬أ
˸һ£ܿͻָ򶨣øҩȥˡ
ӢܸеԼһε̬˵Լʵܣ裬ȳȥ¸С˵
Ӧһ˳ȥȻš
ߣӢܾߵĴǰ
ӢܵദԵĲȻֵʹͷȥǰȥôĸǿôĽʯ﷢Ǽ£ѾǰûκεϣʲôŮӶ޷Եġ
ӢһһʱҲ֪ôݣðžֱֱС㣬㲻Ϊ¸еʲôʵҵУһŮˣӢܵȵģֻимԲб˼ţҪǻűŮˣ龰֮£ֻ޷ģС㣬εӦңһˣȴ޷ǣҪȣҵĳ衣
Ӣ˵Եֿޱȣ֪ѾµԼ˼һȣ̧ͷٻرĿ⣬Ӣܣֲ㣬ʵȱᣬǷǳΣյģܹԥĴӦѾܸˣǹǽãӦ֪һ㻹ˣӢܣ˵ʵҲǵһμ۹Ȼ
˵ãʱͽԼ׿ӢܣȷǸصˣǰǹҲӦǺרҵʿŻʹãΪ˱ᣬܸĹȥ𣬷ģҲԾ㣬ΪĽ㣬ʵڲİһΣյ


 148 Σ2
ӢĻ̾һС㣬ܶԲȷʵ޷ش㣬ҺͱϴβѾ˵𣿡
Ȼش𣬲ɵһʧҡҡͷӢܣ̫˽ˣΪСĸֻһʱ棬Щͻˣǲǣ
ӢһͷӦû
ˣҴúҵãҲֻҲ˽⣬ǲģԶҲСǸǳִĺӣ׼˵£һȥεľġҲˣ˵ỹᰮϱӢܣֻ㣬Ѿݲ±ˡ
Ӣܾþû˵һŵС㣬֪ͨ𣬱ǱЩ
رܣֻõѾ˵绰˵Ҫһʱɢɢģûи˵æŹ˾£Ѿﲻˣôܻġ
Ӣܵ㻹֪סҽǲǣ
ȷĹ˼ɣҲ׸һ˵ͷҲЩᣬ֪ܲá
˵ȻֽӢܵӢܡ˵ʵڿʼˡ
ӢܲǿȻ˵һ¡ɵһ㶵С㣬ʲô
¡ҵسˡʱ治֪ô㡣
⻰һҡͷᣬᣬҵĳˣͲεľ±ᣬҲȹңҡҲԸȥᡣӢܣԲشҵʲôˣϣң㲻ҵسˡһҶԱǳҪϣʵʵĸңǣҲһĶԹܻܲ⿪Ӣܡϣϣ֮Զѣǡˡ
Ӣ֪䡰ˡ뺬š÷򡱵˼ּһ˫ԼҲһ治֪ôشȻɴϰҵĳˣȫĿ϶ΪҵĽǶϰмҵҰģйҵĿǰ䣬Ҳûпרҵġ
Ӣܴʱ񣬶ϧĹʵڲ˵ʧĻһһٵģҲҵĳˡ
˵⻰ȷûƭ棬ԼֻLһ¶ԶȻܻгڴϰ塣ֻϰ壬ĶˣܴԼ
ӢܵĻǲ˵ѵģŵһʯͷʱ˵أΣĲΪУⲻҲΪԼ÷򣬻һ˵µĶͷֻԶκ˵ֱԼȥ
һҲǣһһˣ˵ͷǾͺãӢܣлл˵ʵֻҪ㲻ҵĳˣʲôá
ӢһЦô㲻һʲôŻͷӡ
ȻһЦ㲻ǣǣûʲôҲ֪Ҹ׹ȥҲһ㲻Ϻܹʵʷ󻹲;ˣӢܣ˸񣬽ҲҸ׻úõġ
ӢܼȻԼҲЩգ֪ϼŵȷ˲ٵĴҵʮ˿˵ǳʮ򣬵أȻӢܼŵܲãȴ޷ϰȻҲԼ¶͡櫡ѩĹ¶նĿģƵʧ˵ȷֵþģԼֻһûδˣԶﲻĸ߶ȡ
ӢܳĬ뵽þҪˣӢԼڷ˵ãӢܣˣϢһ£ȥɣúһ룬СһЩûʲô䲻ĵطҵˣҸҲˣҲкôһõ£ÿܶ飬꣬ѧǾͿʽлˡ
ӢҲø˵ʲôЦЦ˳ȥȻԸȥźš
¥´ͼǱѾ׼ˣѩߵߵӢܣǵһС㣬˵˾ȥҩȥˡ
˵ţͼһӢܵ˹˹˽ӳ£ֻʻ˳⣬ӢϲԼʻĸоûرʽĹ񣬶ûнƽʱУøʹá
ѩüһɫСƤ˴æӭȥС㣬ãͣѾȥˡ
ȴѩãҲûйȥֵӣͶ΢΢һЦӢһۣ߽˷
һŷʽϳһһֱû˵ܿͷ룬̧ͷӢܣ극㵽Һͽķл˵
Ӣһӣʲô£Ҳ֪Դʲô͵ͷãҵһ
ᡰšһСƤ¥ȥˡ
ѩʱӢܺЦӢܣҪԽ
ӢܵŶѩã֪Ҫҽʲô𣿡
ѩõ֪ҲŮˣȻµõһЩӢܣһȥ֪ˡ
Ӣ뷴ҪȥҲûʣʹҴҳ˷ž¥
˿ͷţŵȴᣬֻȻһӣӢܽݣȻȥֽŹˡ
ʱֻãôŰӢܽʲô£
ӢҲ֪«ʲôҩʱҲǲ졣
ʱһӰ˽ĴǰָָӢܣš
˵Լߡ
Ӣֻ˹ȥϣ绨Ľòߵľ롣
һ˫崿Ĵ۾һȻӢܣô죿
Ȼðôһ䣬Ӣ֪ܵôش𣬾͵ʲôô죿
ʱɴ۾һָҽ㰡ô죿
⻰һ涼û뵽Ͻᣬ˵ЩʲôҡûʲôӢܸô㣬ҡ
ʱѾЩżˣ㣬ܣһҪ˵ӢҲһҪش𡣡
˵ӢܵӢܣҽ㡭ѾѾˣ㲻ʲôǰɣɲŮˣ˵Ҫû
ʱӢ涼ʶҪ˵ʲôˣӢһʱش𣬶ȴã㡭㲻Ҫ˵ˣӢ㰮ŵˣңҺֻ컯Ūˣҵûġ


 149 ޸1
Ҳܣ㣬㲻ƭң֪ļ׻ûбˣӢ˲ֺˡǲϵᰮģҲ㸺𡣡
治þȻİøԼԼýʹӴֱӣãҲ£˭˵ҳᰮӢܣ˭˵ҸˣΪİֻ㡣
Ȼ¶һ˿Ц㣬ΪһСҲˣӢǲᰮҵģֻǰҵãԲŲԸң㣬źһԡ
ʲôһԣ˵˵ǲᰮӢܵģᣬᣬͱˣһӢܽӦô
ʱȴڴͷתӣ㣬һ仰㲻ƭҡ
漱æãᣬʰɣҡһƭ㡣
㷢ģƭңҼ٣ʮꡣ
ѾµʵĻ򵥣ɵ⡭⡭ᣬǺαأԼ˵˵
һɫ㣬㲻ҷģǾ˵ѾӢˡǲǣ
û뵽ĻסԼֻõúãҷģʰɡ
˵ͷŵǺã㣬㣬ûҵĻӢܣദһʱ䣬˽Ϊˣ᲻пܰ˵ٻжػһʮġ
˵⻰Ѿס˽㣬۾һգҲգգ
һ£滹˵ʲôٻҲõӢһˣҲкøУֻҲ
һͷǾ͹ˡ
˵⻰תӢܵӢܡûУѾϻϲģôƯܸб죬Ҹ࣬ŮˣһؾˣӢܣ֪ǸĵˡҪ㲻Ȣҽ㣬Եôܼ޸ˡ
ӢõĶԻ׸ղѩΪʲô˵ԼҪԽˣȫͽƻ飬ƫƫ޿ɷ۴Ʒòʣмǿκ˵ģҼ޸˭Ҳһ˭ĸҶŮˣ˾м֮⣬ɷҲŮ֮ͣѾʵϵĹϵΪһˣȷǸø𣬵ǣܸ𣬻ŶԼ˳ѩãڽӽԼ֮ǰҲǸŮӣѵԼͲΪ𣬵
뵽Щ⣬ӢܵľһͷʹԺԥƶһɱ˵ļƻҲԺܿѵҵսԣԸ£ȴϣնң֪ôȥŵ
ʱҲ̲סˣᣬ㲻Ҫ˵ˣ֪Ϊãǲܵأ˵ӢˣǣҲǣӢܽңҲӢܣ֪ǳʹ࣬˵һῪ𣿡
Ȧһ죬Ȼǽ㣬֪Ҳʹİ
ѩ׵ϵ飬ʱ̾һȻ۾ƺڳ˼ʲôһ۵ᣬҪǾˣǲӦġ
һ㶣Ͼ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ͵һĻ㣬Ը̫ˣ㲻Ƿĵ𣿡
ָıһȻģֻǽòܿĵһҲ˵İţϸҲǺ£ҿСƤˡ
ǽϴһĲһ㣬񡱵ЦָյػãҲЦ绨鼫泩
Ӣʲôģ˵ʲô̡ȻֶȻתΪģǱŪһͷˮﲻ֪鷢ʲôı仯
ĻһЦӯӯӢֻܵǱӢСˡ
Ȼһ̬ͷȥ΢΢Цš
Ӣ֪ȻҪԼ˵ʲôΣúõš
ʱֻţӢܣڸһ·ߣ·˿úܣɲʲôˡ
ӢԽԽ棬ᣬ˵ʲô˵Ҫʲôپɡ
ͷһ㣬Ҿ˵ˡ
˵ɣӢҲʲôˣ֪һЩǼҵҲá
Ӣ˵ԼʲôˣǾ˵ѹϵһ㣬и֪ԼҪ˵Ļ
ôӢ˵𣬺һŵӢܣӦ֪ҰְһЩ°ɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˵һЩ
ǡ֪֪жŮˣ
Ӣʵʵ˵˵ְַǳȥŮˡ
ŮˣӦǷˣӢܣ㣬Ұְһʮţǽġ
⻰һ侲ӢҲǴһʲôʮţ顣
ĵͷҵ軨ܿϵĴţ̡
˵ֵ̾Ƕлƣ̾ǴҶǡ
ӢҲĸ׵֣һͷ֪
ּ̡̣л̡̡̡̡̡˿̡̡̡̡
һ˵ôֵ࣬ЩкϷģ̣ȻͰְûʽĽ֤˵Ҳǰݹõġ
ӢһʱҲĿɿڴкϷôܣ
йУȥû˹ܣοʲôҲûУҲ˻ġ
ӢܺȻʶʱԴʳһЩҵϸ˵ЩٺԼõϣᣬʡǸǲ˵̣
˵ͷ⣬ƽ綼ƶҲô
Ӣֵô˵̾ھӪϼźҵˡ
̹ȥϼŵܾһ֮ȥغгȥˣ˵ǰְֵԸ
Ӣ̣ܵӰĻý˾ܾ粣ǲǣ
ǸǳܸɵŮˣϧЩ꾭һζѾ˲Σ֪ͨŷһõҽԺרȥȹѾǰˡ


 150 ޸2
ӢһһȥȻְôţôڣѵְһʧˣ
ʱѾȻ֮ɫʵ̡̡̡̡˿Ǻٳֵģҵļȫһֻ۹ΣθŰְһʧٵ裬̡̡ǡ
Ӣȴһϰ˵Ҳûʧ٣ȥһǳصĵططпܣҲҵķ֮ء
ʱһܣҲԼҪӽˡ
Ӣ˼ȴȻС㣬һҲ˵ʵ
ƺѾµҪʲôһ˫ƽ͵ӢܵҰְʧٵ£𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֣㸸Ӧ÷ǳǺܹԸģĸҲʧ٣ʵ̫ˣʲôģ֪Ҳ¶ûУ
ĬһŻĵͷǣҺҸȷְ֪ʧٵԭ򡣡
ôһ˵Ӷʱһʧ㣬͸ԭ֪ôáְǵȥʲôطˣǲͲµﻹһطҲȥҲŰְֻ¡˵˵
渧˸ͷᣬ𼱣ȥ֪Ϊ̫СزסܣѾˣ־ô£ʱ֪ˡ
˵⻰֮ӢܵӢܣҼҵܣҲ㣬Ϊǲ˵ȥġ
ػӢȴһǴϰԸҪġܲ˵𣬿Ҫ˵ͻṼΰ
ʱӢܵһθеʹìܣ˸ʵ޷ѡ
沢ûֹͣᣬûв´ҵȷһǳǳܵصطû˵ְǾȥطʧ١
⵽ʲôطΪʲôôְǶûлҲô绰
Ǹطûа취绰ģУְߵʱҺ͸ȥҲ˵Ǹط˷ǳص¼ҪȥܿǶͰְַֿǼ棬Ҫȥʱи̡̺̣˵ͻһȥ࣬Һ͸绹Ƕڵģ̻ȥһΣ˵ͨ·Ѿˣͽȥ
ô죬ְǲǺΣ𣿡
ҡͷӦòᣬ˵￴˰ְʯͷµ֣Сƽĸ֣·ӦǰְַģְȻûҺʹ˵ǵطʲô£֪ģ³˰ְֵԤƣҪƽϢ
ӢƽϢһʣһС㣬ǵطܴܶȥǲǣ
һͷְִҺ͸綼ȥһΣҲܴܶˣҲûܹõ
Ӧû£ǷģԶʱְֺƫģΪʲô͸ȥȴȥ
ôСְôȥᣬģһᵽġ
ӢܵС㣬ʲô㣿
Һ͸绹ˣٹһʱҪǰְֻûϢǶҪ취ȥ
Ӣܱһϸڣȴ˻ȥĵˣôþֶδϰ֪ϢΪҽõΣŨŨΣһֱɵظоһԼǿɳܵģοҽѾԼôˡ
ʱҲû׷ȥˣӢܵãӢܣǼҵȫ֪Թ㣬֪֪ʲôϵ
ӢȻ֪ҡҡͷ
ǺҺͽһͬĸǳá
ӢͷǺεȵĴôһ˵̾ĻҪ˵ʲôֲϲЦտԭǴ⣬ȷû뵽һһĸо
Ȼͼɫ΢΢ĺţͷתһߣȻɫҲôȻˡڰصԡӢܣͽѾʵϡʵϵطˣ޸ǲɵģҲӦϲϲ㣬Ҳ֪ҲģԡԣǾѧѧѧ㡭ˡ
ŮӼң˵⻰ǺߣתȥͷڽĻСȥӢܵ۾
ɬѵãЩ֪룬ȫշ𣬸ǿҵԸ㣡
ӢܼһһСԸ죬ǽ绨ǧС㾹ȻԸװӰӲܿŮһϱˣǽͷײһľ㶼ϵ޸ǡ컯Ūˣ컯Ū˰Լƫƫһûʸ޸ˣܽԼĶصľݸ˵𰡾˶˵ӾһڵҲܹ
ʮң̲סˣӢܵιӢܣľͷˣ˵顢仰֪֪ȥ㱾ܲϲְôŮ˵ģҪ޸һһһˣΪҲԼԡӦһ޸㣬㡭㻹֪ô
ʱ뵽һ£ڽһߣǷҲûϵȽҼְ֣˵һϲġ
ӢܼһԼһӦӣԼ۴ǴҲȷû˿ܾɣֻõᡭ
ʱһôĽҵ֣һ
Ӣ·ѾɫҪΪԼδ޵ģҲɬѵֻõᡣ
ƫƫͷһЦŲࡣ
Ӣ֪ܵҵĹ˾ںҾ⣬½ЩĦ
ĿƺЩԣżĵʲôĦҵŮҾһˣȻҲǴһˣʲôĦģУҺͽͲϲϵ£ֻҪǹƽҸ磬ҺͽҲ˵ʲôġ
Ҫߵ̫࣬Ӣ⻰ȻһɫûԳϲõӣʲôˣһᣬʱʧᣬҪ˵ˣӢԼĴ㣬ղŵĻҾ͵һЦ
ʱҲʶӢܲԸˣղŻ˸߲ҵʱ԰ȦֿʼˣӢܣĲԸ㵹˵


 151 ޸3
ʱֻᣬҲǽ㲻Ҫ˵ҵŮûô¼ҪһĲ鲻ԸˣӢܣʲô˵ˣͻؼҡ
ʱѾɬָ˸ֵ̬֮У㲻ؽ·ϣȹңȹᣬǼҲ⣬ԾǷʲôҾǵȥ
ֵκȥϧȥŮˣӢҲһʹѽֻõ棬ᣬԲԼĿԣǣֻ˵ΣǶҵѣõѣ棬˸ЩתƶѵĻﻹϢһʱ䣬òá
ӲӢһȻ˵ĻҲᣬСԡֵҲһǸ֮ʱ˲٣ҧҧӣȻãҺþס죬һЩһġ
˵žתͷȥ
ӢܼѾĿ̾һ߳ͷ
صңͼѩɳϵԼ
ѩӭӢܣСǲҪȢ㣿
Ӣܻû뵽¶ˡɵһ㶵ô֪
ѩ΢΢һЦˣҲŮˣҺСҲӴһʱ䣬˽ӡٿղڷϵɫԾֱ
ӢһͷŮ˶ЩУȷ¶ˡ
ѩһӢܡӦС㼴ƯֺãҾͦʺġ
ӢҲ˵ҽжŮһ뷨ѩã˲˽ҡѵ㻹˽Ӧ֪ҵĴ𰸡
ѩóĬһ󣬺ȻӢܣҾÿ
ӢܶʱЦô᣿
ѩϰ£ҪһֱԼظ̫ƽˡ
ӢܺȻʵءżʱϰҪң㹫ƽѩã㲻˵ˣûдϰ壬ûǵڣӦõɴϰ彻񡣡
ѩҡͷ˵ʵӦøлϰǣҪԶʶģ֪ԭôˣǸ˶ģӴϰ忪ʼҵڣҶǳˡ
ӢЦЦ˵ˣѩã˯ɣǾҪʼо̸еˡ
ѩõӢܣҪϼţҵλС᲻㣿
Ӣһ˵Ҫ˽ҺλС˽һ£ɴϰһ£οҵǿʳܴκε˽˸飬ҪӮϼԪˣǾεģ֮Ҫܹңôϰ˼ʧһеΣҵϣҲϰлá
ѩ뵽ӢϼŵļƻҪʧˣôϰʧߴʮڣϰǸصˣȻԼˣȻԳѪɱ֯ҲԿ϶һĴˣһӢܵʧܣǨŭʲôϳһµ¡
뵽Ӳɵ΢΢һ
Ӣܼѩÿ־ѾµʲôԼѾһ֮⣬Ǵϰ˻ϰǡ
¶ѩһЦͷȥ³ڿ㣬ԡϴȥˡ
ԡңȴԡѾˮ֪ѩѾԼ׼ˣ˽ȥ۾ŬĽи·һߣģǾۼԼе뾫úõԼƶļƻѲΪϰ壬Ҳ뿴ԼжֻгɹΨһ֤
˼쵽˹˾ʲô£һ΢ĽŲĶУۣ֪һѩã벻⻹ǵһԼϴʱߡ
ʱǽŲѾֹͣˣž͸еһ˫۵Լ߼ͷᰴĦš
ӢȻ۵ѩãٵģҪˡ
ʱ͸еѩûϸѾĺ󾱴ž૵ĵӢܣ֪һۣܿ࣬ǣף㶼ңԶ뿪ģûݣҶԶԶĸ㣬˽˹ʣһģһܿࡣ
ĻӢʱһļȣ͵תͷȥ
ȴѩó磬һ˿˯£Լ󣬿Ƽϵĺɫ˿ڿ㣬һ˫ˮгϧ
ӢܻͷѩñһЦӢܣҸ걳
˵žȥĨЩԡϣӢܵıϲ᲻صĴ
ӢܴʱȻվסѩãŽˮԼĻУžӣȥ
ѩ׼ܣӣϸ»Ķ֮࣬ľš
ӢһѩãһֻѾ˯ۣ⿪֣Ửͦ鷿֮ϡ
ֻѩñǿ﷢΢΢ĺۣıסӢܵͷͣḧ
ӢѸеѩõѾͦӲԼҲԽԽֱƶܿͽ˿ڿһߣȴûȥǼѾˮʪ˯¡
ѩõѾ㣬ҲӢܵ˶ֻͦ˺úõĿģʲôҲû룬ϣסǻȵ£һѾɽԼ֮С
ѩôʱǸٸټҲѾ飬ӢѾܹȫӦֻ˻ֳСϣһĶţһһ˫ӯӯӢܡ
ֻԼжˣԼ飬ԼӢиܲѩõģһƬůŮˣĿɣûôѹ֡
ѩ֫ϸСܿӢܵЩˣӢԡױָָ֪ҪԼԡױߣҪӺ롣
ʽѩûûгԹҲеܱŤɬûҪΥ˵˼վˮУ˫ַԡһ࣬ӱӢܡ
ӢŻ˯£Լ¶ѩεѩãеһĴ̼ǲȻ֮ѩõڣֻĽխȴһ
˶һѩþͿʼ΢΢Ӣܵ˫ȴβɵĸŪѩҲ鲻Խʼӭ
ȵӢ龡עѩõ֮ڣѩҲѾƣӢܵϣ㺹죬ؿͣ


 152 ǰ1
ӢܵĬĬſһѩ㻺Ҫ·ˮ
Ӣ֪ղʽۣ鷳ʹԡѩȻϸķ
ӢʱҲĸȥ˯£ùԡѩѩ׵ͿĨͿţѩúȻһͷĻУ
Ӣܶʱһ㶣ѩãôˣǲҸղ̫̫çײŪʹ㡣
ѩһҡͷһĿӢܣǵģ̫ˣ֪֪Ҫģһ𣬲ֱ˴ˣңҲ㣬ȥʲôƻҲȥʲôɹʧܣãá
ӢˣҲЩпܿͻָ򾲣ȷѩòһһˣҪӦøҵĶŮ鳤֮УĻЩƸУµµΪʲô
뵽ӢܿʼӼˣŮ˵Ů˼֮ҪǸĸο˾ͻܿӿ뵽ض
ԡ֮󡣾ͻص˴ϣѩҲȷۼˡͷûӴͷһܿ˯һ˫ȴرסӢܣӣ䲻ʱ¶Ц⡣ƺ֮УҲӢܵĴڡ
˵ڶ죬Ӣѩõ˹˾ĵһ¡Ǹɭ޴һ绰ɭεܲüϯִй˹ЩϵӢѾίԼߣڹس˹ػ棬ɭǸ͵ĻӡҲ֪ô
ֻһɭ޽ͨˣӢӢɭãӢܡ
ֻɭֻһ˶ʱԭӢ㡣ʱ˵רòһҿҪϲ
ӢЦЦר£Ǹϸ̸ϴҰ£֪ôˣ
ɭ޴Ц˵˹ڲϼ£ģӢܡǾԷϵģ㣬ѾɫһλѼ׼һС͵ؾۻᣬʱ˹صκýμӵģӢܣʲôʱҺʱ䣬ÿһЩ֪˹Ѿźг̣ʮ֮Ӣ
Ӣ֪ɫֶܲʵ벻ɭް¾ȻܵʱһϲǺãͻᵽɫʱϵ
ʱɭ޵ôӢܣԳҲȤˣսߵͦ찡ܳԵӢܣҼǵйһ׻̰áϴҲǺķϣһ䣬ȫͬģûоԵذգòҪȥǻĻҵǵġ
Ӣܵɭлѣһ˹̸̸
ִֻɭεǺðɣӢܣ㵽˰ɫݣ͸Ҵ绰һᵽġ
Ӣܵл͹Ҷ˵绰
ɭ޽֮ͨӢߣͨѩð칫ңѩã㵽һˡ
ѩõİ칫ڣһ˽Ӣܣʲô𣿡
ӢܵѩãϴҽԺɸϰֻ룬ﻹûУ
ѩõѾˡ
ӢܵǺã˵Ҫϰֱͨȥ¡
ѩһ˿ԥȻӢܣԲ𣬴ϰǷԸģֱӴȥκˡ
һ˵ţһѾóֻܿľͰͨһ롣
ûһֻͨˣֻѩϰãӢҪ˵
˵⻰ûаֱֻøӢܣڷڶһ󣬲ŵǣ͸
ߵӢܵߣֻݸӢܣϰӵ绰ˡ
ӢܼѩصģǴϰȥ׼ȥˣʵƣڴϰ壬ɿ϶ѩҲӦ֪һЩԼʲôӢܼŵܲãȴֱͨʵһֲεı֡
ͷȻӢܲ죬֪أѩҲѴܱ˵˳Ȼɣ½ӹֻ͵ϰãӢܡ
ǱߵĴϰȻ˱Ӣܣʲô£
ӢܵѾһλϵˣܲ˹زμһС;ۻᣬӦܹסԽԽãҾ׼ȥ
ǴϰӢܣȻѾˣһ֧ģҪǮҲѾ׼ˣȥ̸ҪעԣǸ˹Ǹ̽Ϻ꣬ϼŵı仯᲻֪δؿϰйֶĹɷ㡣
Ӣܵã֪ˣСĵġ
ϰǾˣӢܣסҪţвܣ¶㽫һܴĿ顣
ӢӦһҪҶϵ绰ȴϰֵӢܣ˵öǲǣ
Ӣû뵽ϰô֪ˣѩһۣǵģǶڱ
ϰֵһ˵Ѿ˹ϵԲԣ
Ӣֻõǳ⡣
´ϰҵĳˣԼҽòæֵңҵĶˡ
ϰǲµ˼һ㣬Ӣܣһ㺦ǽã𣿡
ӢֻõûС
ϰڱЦӢܣ벻ҵѾͷСѾͷ㣬ѾͷҲܵĹϵ⣬Ⱑ
һ˵ţһЦǺʹӣһŵãӢܣٽһܣҲá
Ӣһʲô񣿡
ϰúõĶԴҵѾͷر棬Ҫǳ㣬Ҫ޻̸ǳҪ䣬ҹ֪һЩ
Ӣһ״ϰʲô⣬뵽ԼĻ뵽εĿ⣬ȴʲôҲû˵Ϊϰܳѡ
ʱϰӢܣξܾѾͷѾ֪ˣξôϼŵһҪǧҪʧһѩЭġ
˵ֵѩýӵ绰
Ӣܾͽֵֻݸѩá
ֻѩõֻֻ˼䣬ɫǲͣĵǣǣϰ壬֪ˡ
˼Ӻѩ÷ֻӢܣĵӢܣϰ彻ǲܲɰ
ӢѩãҵߴϰģԲԣ


 153 ǰϦ2
ѩӢϬĿףŵĵͷȥЩӢܣԲûи㣬ʵϰҵ˽˹ʵʱ򣬾͸һ񣬾Ұѷߵһ飬Ҫ㱨
Ӣ֪ܵϰĵ绰ҽԺ˵Ǻɸġ
ѩõ˵ͷ̧ܿͷӢܣÿλ㱨ʱҶ˵ģûԲϰ£ҾǸ˵Ҳ˽ŵ㣬㡣
˵鿪ʼԽԽţȻһ˵ӢܵλߣӱסӵӢܣӢܣңңûк㣬ҲԶẦ㣬ϰҪҲẦġ
ѩ˵⻰Ҳʼ˻¾ʧȥˡ
Ӣܾһ³çˣȫѩõĴվֱȥѩñڻͷЦŵѩãɵˣôأ˵òÿһ¶Եϰ壬֪ҲǾẦҵġ
ѩô˵̧ͷģӢܣĲҡ
ӢܼȦˣŵȻģѩã׽ˣ㣬һαʲôô
ѩӢ˵׽ˡһȡȻСŮƵһЦͳֽˮɣŵˣӢܣϰ׼ôɣ
ӢܿЦҲ֪ѩã֪ҵġ۶ѶյҶҪȥƭŮˡ
ѩȴ¶˵֮ɫǿɲУӢܣϰ˵һҪɣӢܡһ԰ɣģҪôŮӿģһ˵ģҪһ£Сͻϲ㣬ҿó£ûкʹӡ˵ٲ㡣
Ӣҡҡͷֻ˵ɣҾҪ깫˾̸е£Ͼϡ
ѩӢһεӣ֮ȴκһŮ֪ԼİҪȥ׷ŮˣԱŮǶǷǳʹ£ϰ彻ʱرǿӲ֪Ӣ޷ֻ½ܵǳصĳͷǽԼԸ⿴飬ôֻҪܹƽ£ԼһЩί治ùʲôϵ
Ҳû˵ֻĬĬ˼š
һ죬ӢﶼûȥóĸǷϣѾϸойüˣ̳սܴһûаյսóǿĶ˵˹ء
ϣӢѩøջصѩþҪӢһȥͷ̽档
ͷȴ貢û棬ڴͷ˵ֻǶŮ鶼ЩȻкܲġ
Ӣܴѩýɫʱһͷȥ˵
ǳһЩѩǰʧȥӦеķȣ˵ͷЦЦǻˡ
Ӣҽã뵽龰ܾÿǷʲôҲ΢ЦС㣬˺ЩҪҪҽ
ҪǱʲôˣ仰ûʲô˵ĵطʵ̫˽ôһʣ϶ʱЩˣ˵ͷšһˣѾѾûʲô󰭣ϢһʱӦõġ
Ӣʱû뵽ϰķԸҪװƭãģµǾͺãǾͺá
˵žҪȥ
ʱȴѩôСƤóСд򿪣ȡС㣬С㣬Ҫȥģ治֪ϲʲôֻ²οˣƣϲϲ
һ˵ţһ߾˹ȥֱݵС
ӹǸ׹һöǶ÷ǳʯǼֵƣҲϵģҲһģһһ㶣Ӣȥ
ʱѩЦλܾˣȻ˵ʲôȴǵģѡֿ߰ʽȴѡģҾò벻ܻͦ۹Ⱑ
ӢѩõĻȻٿϵԼɴϰ彻񣬹ֲһͲѩõӰӣԭǸҽѡȥˡ
ӢܣûзѩõĻ֪Ӧò٣ô˵ּѡˣвɵһȣӢܲô飬߳˼뷢˱仯ھܾԼã뵽͸ǣĽͣӦ÷ǳ
ʱҲͽһµӢܵ˼еĿϲԽ˵ǳ˽̫࣬ӢܵһⲬʯż꣬Ԣ⣬ҹ밡
ѾһĸղŵĲ죬Ц绨˸߲ҵվҲѩڳݸӢܵӢܣҴ
˵˵תӣԼ㷢¶˹ϸ񾱡
ӢܼѩðԼһɫ΢΢̾һߵȥȻҲװһѸӵǹеƽظûиκһŮӴýһ˫־ñ׾ðŸá
ֱŵӣԵһִ˵Ŀɰ֮ĸöӨʯЦӯӯӢܵĻһ£תͷȥһ۴ϵ棬ֵӢܣȥϡ
ѩ벻ҽûжŮͬһľֻŴϰķԸӢĺãҲ˳ῪĵӣҲǰ죬СȻƲѣҪӢȢԼĽ㣬ӢŨĳ˭ҲóӢĶãʵҲòô˰һҲƲƵӡ
ýӢԼҲЩߣȻܾ΢ţЦͷ
ӢܴʱѾﻢ£˹ȥӹе
ʱҲڴƶţӢܶ㷢պ뾱òȥ
Ӣһξ飬Ҫɶˡ
ѩʱЦŴܣ۹ǺðλС㲱ʵƯˣļֶЧͺǸλС㶨ġ
ѩõĻһۣ鲻Խ𡰶۶жЩŤ


 154 ǰϦ3
ѩúӢܲŮǰαδ¶͵ˣܣæһ죬ղŻ˵ӶˣСһ뵽òͰɣСһ
ӢܵѾɢˣæúãȥòͣʱҲˡ
˵Ż˾͵¥·ԵرĸˣڷϲͣĸӢЮŲˣԼҲθڴ󿪣뷹
ȵȥͽ˵ѩõӢܣ֪㲻Ǹ˵ٻŮ˵ˣҲû취°Ҳֻţϰ֪¡
ӢܳĬ˺ðû˵һ󣬲ŵѩãҾԼںۡ
ѩһ㶣̹еĵǲȥ£Ӣܣʵ㲻ҪԼôѹļƻϰͬ˵ģʧܵĻҲ̫㣬Ҫ֪ϼǼʮĻ۲ŵ־ģϰҪʱ֮ڻϼţⱾǿѣûܹõѾŬˡ
ӢҡҡͷҲ˵ϼŵ£¶˵ûʲô෴ڻԽԽ˷ܣҪһԼûܹڶʱ֮ɴϰҲһս
ѩöʱˣ˵档
Ӣ΢΢һͷ̾һô˵ҽúҶѡ滹ȹңҵһŮˣ˵ҪȥûƭȡΣ˵ܣĻһ𣿡
ѩ⻹ǵһӢ˵໰״ϰȷǴΥԣһسŵȥƭһжŮˡҪѴϰһ޷£ۣʵеìܣ֪Լôźá
ǣѩôʱҲ¶˾ġһҪӢܲøУ񣬲ôҪ˰ȫԼһΪ֪ϰһӦļ⣬ǵ̡
극ѩõӢܣҪȥˡȥС˵һɡ
ӢҲӦ͵˵ͷ¥˿ͷ
˿ͷȥŽ沽ĺά裬Ϊ˲ŬԼţҧӣüɼܴȻʹʹʲô书ܵء
Ӣܽһ죬ʱ֮ɿӣչƽüװµӣĵ˴ϣȥ
ӢţǰȣָǿǿŮӣĲ
ȳȻһЦ㽫ӸǺãȻȥӣӢĵطӢܣ졣
ӢСӢܡԡӢܡƣ˼֣˹ȥϡ
ظһԼϸϵǸȻ΢ЦÿӢܣллˣû뵽ôϸġ
ӢҲ÷ϣֻõҲҪлСҡ
⵹˵ĴʵҽöΪָѩðѡ£ȷܺãȥҡеЩ˼
Ӣܵû£СҲϲúܣϵġ
˵ͷͺãȥͦģҽһĵЩë
ӢԼ֤˼ǻڴԼܹһ̾ȴЦЦ˭˵ʫᣬС£ھ˲£һЩˣȻһ˼˰Ĵ
һ˭Ҫ˼˰ֻҪֻҪˡ
ȻܻӢܵİŮ黳Ǻߡ㰮Ҳ˵ڡ
ʱһֱĬĬӢܣȻӢܣС㵽׺ʲôϵ
Ӣ֪ѩúԼסˣʱһô£ҲþõģֻҪǳζ뷨ͺðˣҲϰ彻Լ濴ԼԸԼ׽Ҳ޿κΡ
µСҵ˽˹ʣС㣬ȻҲ㣬ʵСһֱҵķסġ
˵⻰϶û¶֮ɫǶһۣȻ㰮𣿡
˵ʵѩãӢѾϰĴڣȷҲ˸飬ڽваҲѿ϶ʱȴ˵ͷСҺܺãǵĸܲ
ʱȴҽϳظԭ˵飬澲ĵ˵Щ˵ʲôпԣҲΪСĸ𣿡
Ӣһʱ벻Ľڣֵֻ˵ͷ
Ӣܳϣʱ㣬û˵Ȼ
ûлشȻӢܵС㳤÷ǳƯָţкܸߵѧҲǳܸɣһҪǲ飬ǲֵ£˵ҺõʱС鷳ˡ
Ӣܵû뵽Ȼ˵Ļһʱ֪Լ˵Щʲô
ʱЩˣӢܣ㵣ĵԸҺãһ취
˵Ѿû˵ȥҪǻӢܷ֮ǰЩ˵ڵģ붼ûԼȥ˵һ˴ӦȢԼãļǿ˵ֱһֳ衣
ȻڣȴȫͬˣȿǵĵԼãΪ֪Լ޸ˣôҲ˼ȥȷǣӢǸĵˣжԼǸжεģȻԾܾãԼһЩӦôȻԼһһ𣬲ʹ
Դ֪ұܲû֮֮УԼûоΣҷҪһƽҸһҲֻòˣԲ˶Ůͬһ뷨ԼӢȻĵһˣҲȷһǳˣֻ˵һֺøУԶԶûеֳհĳ̶ȣӢܾܾȷеŭ˾ôקҵŮѵô¼Ҫǹ¿һҲԸ£õᣬˣʼӢܵᵽѩá
ܸɣѩãʵкøеģ֪Ӣܾûи飬ҲֻһʱҲᵽĸΪʲô̸ܹ׵ķôķˣǾΪ֪޷κһŮ˵ģʹ࣬繲ͬӵУοҪ׵ķǹϵǳǢһǽһÿ춼֣˵Цģϸȥδһ¡


 155 1
ʱӢ˵а취жʱһҲµҪ˵ʲôɵðп࣬ôȣ治֪Ǻˡ
˿Ѿһ¶˾ģӢܣԸС㣬᲻ûôΪˡ
Ӣû˵ֵǲǵС㲻ϽַģЩҺˣȥ̽СĿģֻҪˣ᲻Ը⣬ӢܣµľȨϣСԶһ𣬲ϣţǽĻ͵û
ӢܼѾ¶ޱε񣬶һ˫ҲڽԼٴƴǵĻҲ˵ˣֻõ£˵ɣ桢ᣬҪȥһ£ҪһʱŻʱòã
Ӣ˵⻰뵽ԼԶŮĳƺѾĸıˣʱһ֪̾ʵǱʶʼҽԽԽУУ޷˵˵֮飬رǶ棬ŮȻԼʶãȴЩԼĶĵطһĪĸоһ˶͵Ů˲еһָоŮĳ飬Ҳ޷ĮӰ
ҽȻҲӢܶԼ˳ƺĸı䣬һǳõͷжһϲ̵Ҫȥô졣
Ӣܵ˵ͷе£˾ͻúõĴţһСúõչǵء
ǸŮӣȻ֪ܵ£͵ðɣӢܣȥءϣʱѾǺýҸ˵ˡ
ӢܡһҲһȣúĺ׽࣬һβ壬飬ָоŮģǸǿҲ⡣
ʱһرܰգȴӢܸеһزվãȻʰʰҪˡ
ͷšһӢͳ⣬˵ҪȥӢԾܾˡ
صңȴѩѾڿʼΪԼʰϽʵôӢܣû˵İɣ
ӢҡҡͷѩŷģҾʵʵ˵ʲôˡЩһСǺúõദ˵˵û
Ӣ֪ҽҲѩ׽˵˼òıϣԼôȥͳҵһңɳϣĬȻ
ѩΪڿʼ˼̸еˣҲȥţȥʰ
***********************************************************ɫݣλϲ˿ڶʮˣƽӢʮߣзǳϲɫӵ徻ĺˮСϪ羰صĶѨɫͷ׵徰ɫﻹŷ޷ǳȪȻĶɼʥء
ڰɫݣһǰͳֶ٣һǴҵ񻰵깫˾ʼֶ١
ӢܴʱһƤվСҳǻ⣬Сҳǰɫݵݸɭ޾סһλѼӢѾϵˣ絽İ
վûһԶԶͼŻ̫ɭ޿һɫıʱݹԱߣȴһ𷢱ۣƤѩףϸŮӣǵﶼٲŮ˵ء
ʱɭҲƵӢܣһͣǰž˳ĸӢ˸ӵҵѣˡ
ӢҲףıɭޣлҡ
˱һɭ޾ͷſָ֣ǽŮǰȶ
ȻָӢܵλӢйѣһǮĴϰ塣
ǰȶߴ뺷ǷӢܣҲڲסĴɭ˵һǮĴϰ壬ǴıʱһЦӭû뵽йܹ͵ġ
ӢȻL󣬵ҲһᣬҵйЩѾԼΪеһԱƺƲйˣҲǲ죬Ǻòĺգ֮񣬽ѾǺˡ
ɭʱӢܣϳˡһҸһλѡĴ
˵кǰȶһ˳Ӣܾںˡ
֮ȥһ·֮ϣӢܼ󣬽Ҳ£ȴǳ࣬ڽֵߵҲԶйôࡣȻ϶¶ɫһ̾Ⱒɫ˰͵ݣ羰Ҳǳȷʺס
һСʱңѾ˽һֵ͵ŷʽһ֪ʮǮ
ɭ޽˽ȥͣáȻӢ߽˴ͼĴһɳʱһ򸾣еʮңֱͦɫǸһ˫۾İţԵʮֵľŮȴʮ£ŰɫװŽպɫϥ㣬ͷ΢΢ɫƤףòȻ㲻ϷǳһӺ֮ɫ
ߵɳߡɭһָӢܣܣǱݵԱ˾
һָŮ˵ķˣ·ٷˣ壬Ϳֶټݹϵ
·Ѿվɭޱ˽ӢܵλҸ˵ӢйѣҲҵ飬˷ǳ顣
ʱѾ¶΢ЦӢɭ޺ǶѣѾˣ˵й̽зǳʵرǾзǳȽӪδķչйгҵĹ˾Ҳ˼йȥʱա
ӢǺòһЦȻס˼ӭ㵽йȥҵĵطһᾡȫʹҵ޷ҲԸΪѡ
Ӣܲ˵Ҳǵ壬Ӣǳı׼ܹõؽЦúãҵйѣȻӭ㵽Ҽ
չ֣Ӣǵ·ƶ̫̫䡣
Ҽ֮󣬾ȫɳϣӢܵɭ˵ֶܲ˹˽»һ棬ǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ뷨֪ܲУ
ȻӢԭֻ΢Ц˹ʮˣҪûܰһģҪ棬ûκε⡣
ӢܵǾ鷳һ¡
˵ͷҺɭѾˣ֮󽫾һС͵ᣬʱ˹أһء
ʱȴɭ޵·ƶ̫̫̼С绰ܲҿѾð


 156 2
ɭ̼˶ʱЦɭޣһΪҿϣģȴǼ̼ɣôϵĻһûײСһαӻᱻײġ
Ӣܵ汻ȡЦɭҲЩ˼Ц̼Ҳ̫߰ˣҲѡ
Ц˰㣬֪֪ڱ̼ߵˣ
ɭ޵˭
˵һάѷӣһҲʶǲ³ᡣ
ɭʧάѷӣcĵһάѷӣ
˵˵ͷɲСԴӼ̼ĵһ۾ˣԼҲأߡ
ɭ޵ǲ³أǻչ˾ܲãѵҲڱ̼ߣ
˵ɲǣ³᱾Ҳ룬άѷӶԱ̼ԽԽͣҲ᲻÷ֻзĹڱ̼ߡ
ɭʱȻЦðð³һҴӱ̼߼ˣһðһάѷάѷӱᡣҲӢcʯ͸ԴԴɱЩɻǮҿ³ҲҪֿտˣˣ̼̬ô
˵̼ǸĹ˭Ҳرã˭ҲֱпֶټѪͳ֪Լʡ
ɭҡҡͷһľɥˣ̼Ǵϱˣһɣ˵̼˭Ҳãǰ˵θڡ
Ӣܼɭ˵⻰ֱЩҧгǱ̼׽ŪԱߵİȶȫһνӣһЦӯӯţ֪ɭһʱ¡ҶΪǮŸɭһġ
˿ǵ·ƶ̫̫ЦŵɭޣҲòŲˣʵϴα̼㡣
⻰ɭ޶ʱ۾һ̼ңģ˵ʲô
·ƶ̫̫˵Ȼ̫ǮҲôΪ˻ȤЩ˼ֻ̫ˣҲ̫ãһܾûݡ
ɭˣɵεЦ˼ҵǲ̫áǲ³ѵʲôöˣֻǱһװһЩˡ
·ƶ̫̫Цͱ˵̫ķˣ̼ҪʱԺ졣ǲ֪άѷ벼³᲻ᡣ
ɭһܣ̼ҪðҲŲһ˵̼Ƣ˭֪˵˭Ҳܲš
˵ɣɭޣȴͷȥϸ˹ش绰μᡣ
ɭ޵˵ͷ밲ȶһӢܵ¥ϡ
Ӣܼ˼ԼصһһĲ¥ͷǳĶ࣬Ǿѵ
ɭ޽Ӣܴ¥һ䷿˻֣ǰȶ˳ȥ
Ӣڷɳϣɭ޵Ӣܣ㣬˼㳬𣿡
Ӣ΢΢һЦ㡣
ɭ۾һ˹أǲй⣿
Ӣ֪ɭȻϲ㣬ǸؼһܲµԼҲ֣µ˵ͷҲɣ̸̸ֻܹﵽһͬʶԺ
ɭҲЦǲ˵곬˳гˣҲ˼
Ӣܲ뱩¶Լʵͼ˳ˮ۵ĵȻܹ˳гȻҲ˳йг⵹һ̻úõİס
ɭʱȻЦӢܣʵһֱǳǣҲǳҵ۹⣬һֺܺĵʶһΣΪ㵣ġ
Ӣ֪ǳ˽꣬ҲЩŶɭޣ˵˵
ɭ޵Ӣܣ֮ǰǷǳ˽أһҪ㣬Ǹǳ˲Ĺ˾ȫ500ǿλĴ˾ܹܸߴ3000ԪgdpֶΪһңôһ19λӴ󾭼塣Ա150ͳһװģԸӶһȡ΢˾żЩϢʱľͷǰҲֻһЩСҶѡ
˵ЩֵӢܣһ룬һ˾˿࣬гй⼸ǲܵģ˽⣬ֳ깫˾֮˳гΪԶǳǿзǳµԣܵǺõǺԵǺʳƷǹҲѡ񵽱˵̳ȥйˣһö˶ýڻΪ٣йеسɹҪĻǵ깫˾ԹӦ̫̣ĸ˿ɳ֮곬д˸ֲ޷棬ģȫķװɣһУйҵǿ㣬ܹΪһѾ˲ġ
Ӣ˵еǸͷԸ񣬶÷ķһЩϢȥ˹Ӧ֪ˣҲ֪οǣҡҡͷɭޣлѣһһԡ
ɭ޵֪йǸǿļһһʼ磬ֵ̯̯ðɣӢܣ㲻žˣ
ӢһЦɭޣ˹н˵˵Ǹʲôˣ
ɭ޵Ǹϼһҷǳ
ӰƲɭܹ˵ĻӢҲһɭޣܲ˵þһ
ɭ޵˵ͷ˵˭ȫȨ̽ô˹ؾ޿ģзǳߵѧҲɽһŷǳķܶʷܶ಻ͬĹҪһǣǸûȱˣȲ̰ҲɫԱûмӣҷǳĽڼ֪ڿʲô𣬸㣬һʽĴڼ׿ǳʱΪ˽ʡ˺סһ䡣ܲð칫Ҳʮƽףмûκΰ衣ˣ޷׬ôǮΪʲô
ӢҲճ˹صһͷЩףͨгϬͷ˺ʢȫͬȷǷǳԶԸģʵҲûʲôա
ʱɭȴļӢܣ˹ϼһҲûʲôһܹѧٶ㻹̫ˣϼŵᣬб£ĥһʱ䣬ûδļʮй̽罫ǳǳ˲𣬻Ϊй˹ء
˵ֵߣӢܣϴдҺ⣬Ҳǰˣúõһ


 157 ҹ1
Ӣǻ֮ˣڣ⣬Ҳķ飬ɭôһ˵Цŵ˵ͷðɣɭޣôţȫˡ
˵žվ
ɭҡҡͷ˸ܲ˼ĶҵѣǺܱǸֻˣ죬̼ҪҪȥ죬Լɣȵᡣ
ղɭˡ̼̼˵ϰ죬ӢҲһͷˮ̲סɭޣ̼˭
һ̼ɭ޵۾̼ǵ·ƶֶ̫̫ŮҲǿֶټһԱǿһ˵ĹƤ۵ͣ۾ϵ˵ǻݺڸ質Ц԰еĻҪʧȥʣЩʲôǣģضǲ̫Զˡ
ɫĻɭ޶̼޲ڣһ˵²ӣӢܲɵҲ̼ҪˣƤ۵ͣ۾˹
߳ݣɭ޲ûнǰȶӢ̲סɭޣҪҪϰȶ
ɭЦҡҡͷáдҵѣȥʲôúõһ档
Ӣܲʲôشϣһɭ޵Ŀ֪ҪͶұϴԼôдȻҪԼҲܣסҲЩ΢LʱҲ˹ȻһЩŮйϵûԹŷŮˣӵӰϾǱεӣҲ֪ĬʱζΣ쵹ԡЩɣҪ֪ɲַŲˡ
Ӣȸѩáһ绰ƽͺɭ¥˷˵һɭ޵ʱݣʱѾ쵽ˣɭӢܳһٷḻͣһ󿧷ȣ˿ʱ䣬ŴӢ֮϶ȥ
ܿ͵һƧġû˵ĽֵɭͣóͺӢܵһɲµʮ¥£һţȴǽŵġ
ɭӢЦһЦȥ֮ϵ塣
ûһŴ춯žͿһС¶һͷ˵Դһɱһ֪ʲôˡ
ɭ޼ǹͷˣЦŵͻɣǽŵĶ಻ࣿ
ǽаͻɵĹͷ˼ɭޣҲЦԭɭһʱûˡⲻôãǶڡ
ɭ޵˵ͷܺãҽһλúһ֡
ǰͻתӢܼۣͷŴˡ
ɭ޶ϤúܣһݣҲȥǰͻɣʹӢܳһʽݣɭް˵¥
Ƭ֮䣬͵¥һݣӢܶʱһֺⴱ¾ɵĴ¥ȫͬĳһװεý̻Իͣʱһŷǳ¶Ůȥ϶֮ɫ
һɭޣ̾߰˸ŮΧ׷кۣʱ÷鷿˶βϲȥ
еŮɵɭޣ˭ձ˻Ǻˣÿ治
ɭ޵ҵӢܣձˣйˣǸǳĴϰ壬Ҫǰ̺ˣٲǵСѡ
ЩŮӢйˣɫôãɭ޽ǸǮĴϰ壬ִǲͬˣüŮ˶ɭޣΧӢܵߣеĶ飬еĻ¶Űѩ׷ԲԻɣеڶ۾ŵ磬֮һֳ㣬ڵջ
Ӣ˵ڹձ뺫˱Ƚϳ㣬й˳Ǳ˿Ķ벻ԼԵĹȻˣвɵúȻй˵ʵLһиУѾΪԼһйˣЩŮ˶йǴǱ
ʱɭһߺЩŮһߴӢܴŮ֮д˹ȥϰأϰ
ţͼһʮ꣬ź£ɫƽӹĻ㲻Ů˴һ˳ԶͶɭ޵ɭޣһ˵㵽кüˣôڲǲǾĹﻹƯ
ɭЦŵϰ壬ôɫݣ˭֪ϰĹƯ˵ģЩ£ȻˣҸµĿҵйӢܣϴȥйʱд÷ǳ飬Ҫ㲻ܸˣһξĲˡ
ϰʱѾߵ˵ߣȺɭ˸ӵȻӢۣ¶˺йܹģҲѵˣȻҪĵĳȥôǲҪ޹ᣬû㲻
ɭǶӢܵ˼һ㣬ҡͷҪ޹ӢܵҪ޹Ҳûʲôζ顣
ϰʱЦǺãɽ켧˿ûʲôˣλɡ
ɭ޶ʱһϲðԭ켧˿ûӢܾиˣǾü˿ɡ
ϰ˵ͷû⣬װɭһǵ
ɭӢһۣЦŵ»ϰһģǵһɡ
ϰһͷ֣̾һӦӹ
ɭ޶Ӣܵѣȥɣܿͻܵ˼Ŀˣ벻ЩйŮܹġ
Ӣڼ֮֮ЦЦӦ߹˴Ȼһŵƹ谵ȣķ䣬еķﻹĴ˼ҵ֮
ӦӢܴһ䷿ȥһҪĹϾͻ
Ӣһ˽ȥȴһǳķ䣬ܶǿķۺɫɳﻹһԲεС̨̨֮һλεĸֹܣм̨졣
һΧĻС̨ɳϣһȥֻǳʣȫԵˡ
ԼʮңͼſһӰȥȴһʿĸ߸Ů˽
Ǹ߸ŮߵӢܵǰӢܿøϸˣȴһֻŮһ߰ңŰɫĻʿñͷɫüëϸϸһ˫ɫ۾󣬶ҷǳǱӸ˵͵ֱͦ촽ȴ൱ɫҶٻЩŮӵӣҪһЩͿϺɫĴ࣬Ե÷ȴԸУɫ𪣬˿ĶǸǳƯŮɣɭ޿еļ˿ˣȻûԼʧ


 158 ҹ2
ʱǼ˿ҲӢܣȼòģҲӹһ˿ϲ֮ɫȴԵú䣬һʽȻߵԲεС̨ߣ˰һ̨ĵŤһǿĵƹ͸ֵĽ˸
Ӣ֪ȻҪ֮࣬LҲ±㿿ɳϣĿš
ʱ˿ѾԲεСֵ̨İŤ趯˾ǳĸվ˻ţֻһַǳʽǻʿñһߣʱ¶һͷٲĽɫ㷢ʱָӢŸͷͣÿһͣƺԿͬ
һ󣬼˿㿪ʼһһŵĽǰɫĻʿÿһţҪ裬Ҳǳȴ˵Ĺą̂һԶӢܣȫڵ˵θڡһ֮󣬼˿ĻʿѾˣֻ洩ʽǳĿС֫ϸС鷿һ㣬һ˫ȣֱֳǸԸ
ʿ֮󣬼˿ͿʼΧǸֹӾӼԱǸֹתתȥһ֪˳ڵѵͶ֮䣬ִżҰԣӢҲȻĶ
Լʮ֮ѾԿ˿ϵĺˣȴٵժֻסٵ֡Ӣ˫סԲ˶鷿Ͳǰһȫò
ӢܿѾѪڣ֮ȴǼ˿һֱֻ۵ǰһֻ֣ȴʳָȷԸе˱һȻ˸ʽվ˹ȥŮ˻Ҫʲô˿̨ߣȻһ֮״дſҰĹâɿֱۣһ̾Ϊֹ۵鷿չӢܵǰ
Ӣܼ鷿ʵ̫̫ԲˣٷǳϸС֪ǲ¡ϸĿȥȴûпκεİ̺ۡ
ʱ˿Ӣܵǰ壬ϸͷ˼ʳĶվ鷿ǫ̈Ӣܵͽ˫ЮסգĦ
ӢֻʪԼҲͲסҪȥסϸ˿ȴʮоķһ˹ȥ̨һߣڵϣӣԼխ㣬һֻţͣڵϷ֮ʱʱ֡Կëøɸɾġ
ȼ˿¹Ӣǰվխ۾ӢܱЩģŵխûʲôζֵÿһǱ»ģҲգɱݡ
ʱȴеǼ˿ڿʼԼ·žһʪʪԼߵǰţ϶ʱһظо֪Ǽ˿ͷ
һָе˿ԼϵȥǸһȻȦʱʱʱʱȫǰס˵˷ܶȡ
Ӣһ֮УûҲ̲סˣխ۾ժȴ˿һ߽·ŲͬĶһĵԼгŨŨ˵һƣ롣
Ӣ˿ȴվһСóһ˻ε費ҪҪ㲻룬ҲǿԵġ
Ӣ֪ЩطŮˣʵڲұ֤ûвҪΪһʱʹ죬İȫǵòʧ£˵ͷ
Ǽ˿ƵӢܵͷЦЦʾɳϣĿȫ£Ȼ˺װǱ׷ڿУȻȥӢܵϣžͿȥҰԵҡ
ʱ˴ӢܲŮйŮӵйŮӵȻŮôԸУխ֮УȴֲŮܼģҲǸǧɡ
ʽҰãζʵΪȵ֮ʱ˿ҲϢ¶֮ӢܵĻ벻й˻ôǿ޵ľЩձˣֻ̬ùߣûʲô汾졣
ӢܺȻһΪйĸоЦסڼ˿֣Ǽ˿ʱֱ˿ŤҺܿ͸оӢܵ۰֮¶˾֮ɫһЦֻ壬Ըе촽
ԼСʱ֮Ӣܲ¥Ŵʿװļ˿ȥ˿ͷӢܵļͷٲȻһµӡ
˴ɭѾˣӢڲųɶЦݣӢܣô˿ķ㻹𣿡
Ӣ΢ЦܲɭޣҪлĿ
ɭֶԼ˿˿λйѻɡ
˿Ӣһۣ˵ͷܺãҺԸΪ񡣡
ɭ޵Ǿ´ΰɣҿҪٳȥˣúõĿĿġ
˿֪Ҫˣ뿪ӢܵĻӢ˵ȵȡ
ʹҴߵ˴Į̇ߣֽͱдһ֣ȻߵӢܵǰݸҵֻ롣ҪĻ绰ңһġ
ɭ޶ʱЦҸ߰ļ˿벻Ҳֻˣôλй̵ӡ󡣡
˿ЦЦȻڲŷйʵҲбǿģɭޣɲԶˡ
˿Ļ˶ˣʱЦɭЩپɫʮ꣬ѾˣܹȵӢܵǿԶʱΣɿ˼Ӣƫƫͷʾ뿪
Ӣ֪ѾʣȻһ£ʹӿóһǮͳֵһǧԪø˼˿˿Сѡ
˿ȻĹһΪǧԪСѣСЩĿһֲ󷽵ҲһǧԪղڷӢûбʾ뵽й˺ûʲôǮҲˣὡ׳ҲܹͦڷҲܵ˿֣ͺѵˣҲûпʣϵʽȴû뵽־ǧǸĿˣ¶ʱıӢܣһһҪҴ绰
ɭ޼Ӣܳ˴󷽣ԼҲȲϣɵðҡͷӢҲĪ֪жʵֱʣȷһƴֵӣк˹̸еʸ񰡡
ʵӢܲǲ֪ǧԪļŮ˵һʺܲСѣµʱûҪϰԼϰҲЩʲôǮѴѵĹѾϰߣҪǣЩƺйˣһҪǮʲôЩɱˣֻ˭һĳǷδȡģҲԼͶãȻҲûʲô


 159 ҹ3
ɭ޴Ӣܳ¥ʱѾҹȴص˷򸾵ıȥʻʮңһȪɼɽׯ
棬ɭ޵ӴԸһҪһڵģõ÷ǳˮأˮ֮ķ䡣
Ӣɭ޶·˽ȥˮһʻɢһɵ㡣
Լʮ֮󣬾űˡ
ɭ̴
һ߽ȻŮӣһڷӦˣһ𷢣֪ǲ֮ˣŮӶǳᣬᳬʮ꣬òȻȲǼ˿Ҳж֮
ɭǵ֪޹Խˣᣬŷ޹ȴˣմ￨ơ
ɭЦĹﰴĦӢܣղӦ˿һҲˣҲɳɳ۰ɡ
Ӣ֪ضһɫ񣬲ףɭһҲ֣ȻܾЦðɭޣҪһλɡ
ɭЦŵ㵽ŷޣȻҪೢŷ޹ʱ޹ҲȤǾ͸ѡĺˡ
һ˵ţһ߾֣Ц˳Уɭ޵ԡ
µմ￨ҲͬһʱߵӢ֡ļϰĦֲ᲻أǺ
ϴһɭ޾͸߽ˮԱ߶Сմ￨ƾӢܵĶߵҪҪҲȥ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֣ߵɭŵһ䷿ǷȴһſİĦ⻹һĹӡ
մ￨ӢڰĦϡԼǹȡһЩӢܿ˿ȴЩĦ֮ģ⻹һЩСɵþߣȴ֪ʲô
մ￨ȽԼȫ·ѹ⣬ȻҲƵǲӿǿѪؼ˿Ȼ࣬Ҳй֮Ĩ˰Ħ֮󣬾ӢܵıʱʱĴһƶšַǳǾϸѵӢȫһɳ۵ĸе֮ӢѾմ￨ƽϵֻţȫķɵĸоֻúõ˯һմ￨Ҳĸһ㱡ĵ˳ȥ
һǺ˯ȵӢȴѾˣڵعʾھŵһʮ֡
Ӣʱ·ãȻߵɭ޵ķ⣬һƣžͿˡȴɭ˯죬һڲͣĴӱ飬һڣʵЩƣˡ
ӢҲΣ߳ˮأ̾Ӧòһ˲˵㣬Ӣܾ͵ȻҪ˼Σĳţ뵽һУһ˷ܵĸоŮˣȷ֮ġ
˰СʱңӢ뿪˲ֻصˮط䣬ȴɭ޻ڳ˯ţȥɭޣһˡ
ɭޱһƣʱоѣӢܣӢܣ㵹ѵ磬۵úܣ˯һ
˵⻰ֱ۾ûӣˣһӴӰĦϵ⣬Ӣܣڼˡ
ӢָָǽϵĹӵʮӣôɭޣ㻹𣿡
ɭ޴Ȼ£·ƶ̫̫˵̼쵽Ҳû˵ʲôʱҪ絽ˣûӭ϶ֳ֪ˣû·ƶ̫̫˵𣬱̼˵˲̫ĻˣһҪס
һ˵ţһߴӰĦҴҴ·ȻʹӢ˳ȥŶʱݣ˷򸾱ȥ
ɭ£㽫Ū÷ɿ죬ûһ͵Ǳ
ɭ޽ӿ˽ȥ˳һûʲôʱһãã̼û
ӢܼĻӶǸб̼Ĺ˽ţҲȤҲɭ
ͣóɭ޾ʹӢܵ˴һڴɨغŮӶأ
ǺŮӶ·ƶ̫̫һͳȥˣܿΪ˵̼СҪˡ
ɭԣʱһϲô̼Сͻᵽ𣿡
ǺŮӶǰ·ƶ̫̫ѾԸ˱̼СԵؿ㡣
ɭʱһ£æӢܵӢܣҵĺѣһҪ鷳æһܾġ
ӢܰܲҰ׷Ǹ̼Сɡ
ЦЦɭޣҵѣʲô£˵ɡ
ɭ޵̼ҪˣбŮˣһңǰȶҵߣٻ㻹û顣ðȶɡ
ӢܵɭޣûٰҲûʲôϵαô鷳ֱǸȶ߾ˡ
ɭҡҡͷУ˴ʷٸģȶʷٸ棬û֮ǰǲߵģֻˣҵѣ㲻ܾɣ
ӢȻܾ˵ͷãҵûϵǲ֪ȶԸԸ⡣
ɭӦʱЦļģǸйˣǮȶԸġ
˵ָӢܵĶȶȥ꡶ӡ־飬òľȼ˿档֪ˣؾϲġ
Ӣ֪ǸԿŵĹңŮ˶ûʲôһյĹȻɭ޵ĻѾ˵ϣҲûʲôеˡ
¥ɭ޾ȻݼȥˣӢҲǼ䷿ɳӡ
һֻˣӢһһŮֻιӢ𣿡
һӢܾ֪˭ˣҶٻԭ㡣
ҶٻιӢܣܵȥˣһص˹˾û㣬С㣬Ҳ˵
ԴҶٻȥμӡ䡷֮Ӣ֮䵹ûôϵҶٻÿһʱ䶼һ绰ڵ绰Ҳû˵ʲôһЩͨʺ֮࣬εǷǳܵģȻ֪ͨҶٻ
ӢܵҶٻ˵ѲذһҪ£ҪܣСǲ˵ģôˣ
ҶٻǰڵȻˣ͵źٳȥˣ
ӢܵǺãҷһµؼ٣ȥܡ
ҶٻҪ˵Ͳѧʦˣ˵Ҫ㣬ͷ仰ɡ
Ӣܵð죬ȥܽӵ˾һ֪ͨСȸŶľѧһѧܲȥ۸ֵͣúõĥĻ˾е
ʱҶٻ˵ģǺãͻȥӴܵ˾Ļһȥˡ
ӢܵǾͺãҶٻԼҲҪúϢһ£ҹˡ
׼Ҷϵ绰ȴҶٻæ
Ӣܵʲô𣿡
Ҷٻû˵һӢܣҡˣģر𡭡ر㣬Ҫ˵
ӢһʲôҪ飬ڵ绰˵ɡ
Ҷٻµ绰˵壬áǵ˵ġ
ӢĿƺӦǸϵ£ҲµģֻõǺðɣҾʱ֪ͨġ
Ҷٻ֪ˡ
Ӣ˵֪ȻûйҶֻҶٻб𣿡
ҶٻûûˣҾͻ
Ӣжʱһȣܿ侲ӲĳҶٻһ£ˡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
ͨӢܵȴҲƽƾĶۣʶŮ֮УҶٻĪĺ΢ĸоģԵһܻеѹѾǸܳˣȻʲôʵ޷ȥſػȥҶٻӽҽһ֮лȥĴ𰸣⻹櫣L֪ôˣûԼ¶ͺʱ᲻Σգһеһжнţʹѹ֡
ҲʱӢܺȻðһ뷨һ־ΰŴϰϼţǾǱ˴ϰ֮Ҳϰְָ֮ȥ˵ſеĹ˼ɣȥúõİһȥϲŮ˴˵ҿ԰һӣغһӣһӣԶֿ
ǲҪѪıƽƽȴְʵڡ


 160 ̼С㣨1
ӢȻҪ˳֯ܿоΪֻԼ֪ϰһзǳСѧϰľͱȰ¶Ҫ࣬ʷεѧ£жԣԼֵ⽻ǣһȫһɱӦѧϰķ룬ϰ𣬶ǿб֯һǳص¼Ҫģֻģҵһطһ޷ŮаȫУҲ޷غһĳŵ
뵽Ӣܲɵһ̾һˣ˰˹Σͻзʹ࣬Ҳʲô׿һ죬ֻ׷ǰֵӣǲŻῪģƺҲֻˡ
ţȴ֮
ŲûӢܴ
ŵһͱŤˣžһŻɫȹؿڸʣĸĽŮɣǰȶ
ȶһƤ˽ӢһЦá
Ӣ֪ȻɭѾ˵ˣվȶС㣬
ȶǸŮˣҲӢܵߣֻһԶľ롣
ӢһֱûкúõشⰲȶʱߣȻϸϸȥȴͷϴһƯУڼͷƤѩףܼĹŵɫüëͿҺӰĵ˫̹ش۾ˣӼӣ֮Ĩõ촽࣬ǽĻɫȹһv͵Ŀڡ¶һ鹵֫ϸСȹһ˫Ҳ޳ԵˣϸȥȻ˼Ǽ˿ҰԡԸģò֮ϣֲܹΪӡ־飬ӦҲСɡ
ȶӢԼ񲻽رܣĵһЦ㿴Ư𣿡
ӢܵȶǸǳƯĹ
ȶʱЦɭ˵йҲиӰӹ˾۹⣬˵ܲܳΪǡ
Ӣһ۰ȶ˵ʵŪӰӹ˾ʱҲٵӰƬЩ缶ĵŮǣȷмλɳƵϾɫģҲвɫֻͨȶò˵޿ɵľżǱֻڻȱٻᣬһСκιҶǱ򣬵ԵĹͿţҶνʱ򣬷ûô׳ͷˡ
Цŵ˵ͷȻܣȶС㣬һΪܺĴǵء
ȶӢܣȻֵ˵ǮĵƬͶʺܴйӰƬڹҲЩܲҵͶʵĵӰһɫ
Ӣ֪ɭΪðȶϸĹһ˵ЩԼĻЦЦðлᣬҵ밲ȶСĿǰйӰƬܹڹϻ񽱵ģҪôƬҪôǷƬǺܴͳĶʽӹ죬Ůǵ١
ȶҲ֪ԼйҲֻһǣ޷Լ룬ƬҲǺõģûϵҪкʵĽɫһҪǵ֪ͨҰ
ȶʲӢҲһ˳ˮƵ飬һͷû⣬ȶС㣬һġ
ȶӶʱ˹Ҿ֪Ǹˡ
ӢܸоȶǶԸеԵ鷿Լ֪ŮΪκεĻᣬԼǺĵģڵûûȤɰȶԼĻɭʶˣ
ȶ꣬ڷһʱװչʶģɭ޶ϲúܣԼҳȥΣҾһˣҲǾ档
Ӣ֪ɭһʻһǺ˭ջ˭˵壬˵ʷٸҲҪϣܹע⣬ݵĵӰҶȫƱ¼ǰʮ
ȶǸֱˬӣԼλ֮ģ۾ʱ˸һ˷ܵĹâǰҵȻ룬˵ʷٸҪһƬˣҾƬһǣҲǵġ
Ӣܿȶϣӣȴһ˵ĿȻ곬У̻ڣֻԼܹܲգӢӰĻý˾ȻֻΪעģܹǿò飬ܹʷٸĹһĴݽѣһûкĿܣǾ˹ص̸ʧˣҲջ񣬲ǰһˡ
˼ţ֮Ȼɭ޵Ӣܣҷ𣿡
Ӣܵɭޣ
һ䣬ͼɭ޿˽ɳϵӢܻİȶɫ޼죬ȶҲʲôرܵĶǺȻӢܵĻԭһһ㡣
Ӣ֪˵Ĺ붫˴вͬҲȥƿеİȶֻɭޣȴѾ»һװɫͷҲԵľˣϵĺù⻬ྻ˵˺ü꣬ЦɭӢǸ̼С׼ᱻסġ
û뵽ɭ޳ûŵҡҡͷ̼۹ߵúܣҪ˵ӢұȲάѷӣȣֱȲϲ³ǼһҲ֪̼᲻ҡ
ȶЩֻɭ޵̼СС㻹Ưǿֶټˣ˵ĸڲμͳľѡɭޣȻҲҿҪñ̼Сϲ㣬ǺѰ
ɭ֪ȶЩˣҲֻӢܵӢܣ׼ȥɣ̼ҪˣҪȥӭ
Ӣܵ˵ͷվȶȻĸ첲
˵¥£˷ѾڴˣȶӢҲò죬ֻǶɭ΢΢Ц
ڴɳϺſȣ˾̸ӢйĿǰ״ӢܾԼ֪Ļش̸֮УҲейô𾴣Щ⣬٩٩̸ĶйĸܡŽᡢʵͣԼڹгȱΪ˵ԽоţӢдΪֻһʱ䣬Ӵ˶йӡƺãⷴһģĻʼ䵭
Ҳ쵽ӢܵĲ죬ס˻⣬ʼЩ޹صĽҪ£滺
ʱȴһʮ꣬źɫܼģ˴Ҵ˽·ƶ̫̫̼С㵽ˣѾ
·ƶ̫̫һɳϵðҵı̼ڵˡ
һ˵ţһŴ֮ȥ


 161 ̼С㣨2
ɭǹܼҵĻҲվǰ뵽ԼƺûȣͣȵŸĺ棬Ӣ밲ȶߵ
˴⣬ͼӱֱĹ·Ͽ˹
ֻ·ƶ̫̫Ǳ̼Լĳһάѷ벼³ᣬһƽĹ֪˶ϲԼ˭ĳԼݳˣ²ϲ˭
ϲ˭˵ǵɭء
֪˵ЦЦɭȴǰһɫʲôҲû˵
ûã͵˽ǰȫͣǺɫϵһλ
Ӣܱɭ˶̼Сĺ棬Ҳһֱǰ֪ĹǱ̼ˣ͸ȥ
ȴһʮŮӣûرĻױͷĽ𷢺һβҲӢַǳһɫtһɫţп㣬´һ˫ЬȻòȴӢҲǰһɭ޵ȷûдţ̼Ƥ˪ѩ۵͡ӯϵֻʱû˵ҲûЦ֪ǲɭԾǻݺڸ質һЦ԰еػҪʧȥʣɳ޹䣬ǿκ˶֮ġ
ô룬ȴǱ̼ѾЦŴ·ƶ衣һʱûˣ㰡
һ߽ţһͷС¹ӯܵ˵·ƶ̫̫ߣȵӵаӡ
ʱ򣬺ҲӡһɫмпˣغɫͷٷǳӢڶʮңòӦǰҵˣǸάѷˡ
һˣһͦĻɫ׸һͷ𷢣ʮҡòȻ㲻ϺӢһֳصһ֪ǸгɾͶǳӣ˵ɭ޿еǸչ˾ܲò³ᡣ
Ǳ̼С͵·ƶӵһȥӵˣżɭޣЦɭޣһԭҲôûй𣿡
ɭǰʿֱһǣĿõĹôỹѱعС
̼ʱ񡱵Цͷάѷ벼³ᣬȴ˵⡣˼ɭޡȴһࡣ
ɭǸƤˣ³ȥ³ᣬҵѣּˣϴβǸ˵ʲôã̫Űˣͱ̼Сһ𣬿ɲƻġӦѧ
˵ţһ죬ϾϷĶһ֦÷ǳ޵õ壬Ų³άѷӻ˻Σ㵽̼ǰȫƯ˵ر̼С㣬֦ĽȻȲ֮һȴŰĽ೤ģ㲻ôҾͻήȥ
̼ʱַЦӹʻɭޣ컹ôΪ˲ȥֻнĻˡ
Ƕõ壬ڱӴһţ̼һ۾ͼվԱߵӢ밲ȶһ۵ɭޣλ˭
ɭæӢܣҵһλйѣһλŮѰȶһλԱ
̼ȤصŶʲôԱӰӡ硢磬֪ҿݳûС
ɭôشȴȶܴĵǡӡģضҲĹɫĵӰ̼С㣬ǲʶҵġ
û뵽ȶشɭ΢΢ֳΣӢȴһɵöԿ׺ذȶ࿴Ļ͸ֱ߹ı̼ûпԼְҵ뾭һҲֵ͵ġ
̼һ϶ʱֳ֮ɫɭһۣƺôҲûֻ֣Ӣ밲ȶòԵĵ˵ͷͻعͷȥԵ·ƶװ裬ϲԵĿ㶼׼ûУֶŮˡ
·ƶ̫̫Ͻҵı֪Ҫ׼ãѾڲˣкѽȥɡ
̼άѷ³ᣬǽȥɣ·ƶĿɲ˶ܳϵġ
˵žŵ·ƶ̫̫ĸ첲˴ţƺ¥ȥάѷ벼³ںظţȻȥͣ
˷εĲϹȻѾں˲ȣо*㣬ȴݼŵġһһݡ
ΧŲ·ƶ̫̫λ̼ͽάѷ벼³ᣬǵĶ棬ɭȻλӢ밲ȶԱߡ
һ߳ţ·ƶ̫̫һ̼˵ŻӢ֪ԭ̼ѩУѣڹѧ飬ȴΣļ崫ͳйء
ɭѾھͲǰάѷ벼³Ӣܡάѷӵƺֻб̼ӢӶǲ³ȴڲͣĴӢܣһ΢Цŵɭ˵йźܴ⣬ȥйüΣйҵһЩоܲһ£
ӢҲ˵ߡԲ³ẬЦʵҵĹ˾ųã˵Ҳһ⺺Ȼ³Ȥҿ̽һ¡
³йгȷгҴЩķչҵȴ߳ţȱعʾҵܽ˼㡣֪ûȤ
ӢһЦϴ
³Ѿֹͣ˵Լı̼һۣЩĵܽһ£ҵʮײй˵йأҪﵽҵˮƽԶԶʸ񡣡
ӢܼȥƱ̼̾ղű̼ƺϲԼҪԼѿøĻģаЦô벼³ָ̡
³Ȼٿһǵҵ̫˼ʻʲôϵ쵼ƨҲ޷ȥְﶷһձ˵һй˿Դһձˣձˣйһ򲻹һձˣΪй˲Žᣬְҵ²ںģ㹻æܾˡ
ӢܵйʱҲѾ̣ÿ춼ҪϱйξõֿҲ˽ʮ֮˾ţŲ³ĻǳȷУ֮˵³˵ȥ
³ӢûзڶΪȫѹܵľйˣŮй˶ܴйУĸʺܹؼҲģӢȷ֪磻ǼڱԼĴִ˾ԼĴиܹҸ˽ӢйҵǾ̫̫࣬٣Ӣ˻ûСйҵԱǴԱѾڷϣȥѰҹ©ȻôȥΥռЩСֲܴԱһҵܲȥˡ
Ӣʵû뵽Ⲽ³ᾹǸйͨ˵Ļȥ
ȴܶйҵΪҪʵϲԼĹذ£ȽߺͷʵָáˣʵʹмȲעѧϰ֪Ҳע⼰ʱΪۣɹַšӪӣƾ۾ߡ¡ҵЧʲߡЧѡռй˾ԱֲᣬȴĿںţϸȴ٣˾ǲôġ
³ֵģйҵȱȡģͲעйһʷǳĶǱǳļջеȥ˵ʵĻ豸Ҫļ۸͵óҵϣƷȴ޷⣬ǷǳźֻðѶձһģĹ˾һ£ӹ˵೤鳤γ糤ȫҪл˵һַһִֹĹ˾ҷǳġ
һ٣ֵйҵԱҵһ壬͵ɵİнˮ쵽֣⣬ֻʧܵɣȴֻؽܾܣʧʧûκεɡ
˵ЦҡͷҪһǣйҵռλЩ쵼ĵķǳ٣ܿЦǣĻ˵йҵ˽쵼ԴߣĴȺڣƨˣ˶ĹڷǳɵĹ׶ΣΪǮǹҵģҲҪУҵĻչ˾ÿ궼ҪӴйССĹԱӳгУеĸȫ뺽ҵմߣҲˣһǮǳǾԼǮĹΣȫǲ˼¡
³ὲգֵҶйҵ˽ô࣬˵òԵĵطҲָ̡


 162 ǹս1
Ӣ֪³˵ĵȷĿǰйҵıײ޷ϣ͵˵ͷ³˵òֻʱḶ́Ӧ֪йЩľҲǾĿġ
³ỹû˵ȴ̼ѾЦйľЩǳѸʵǣȴΪй˸е
Ӣ֪ѧΣȻܲ˽ڷչейĿȴǲ죬֪̼Сʲô⣿
̼ʵҲǾŹעйġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦǵȻ֪ʮǹҲйüν죬ûռϷ磬ں̸ʲôйвۣйΪǱڵĶ֣עҲǺġ
̼Ҳй˵Ĳ죬ȻԣζйˣҪ֪ǹѧı۸֣һչͦϵйԶԣҲһΰڹ硣
ҡҡͷʲôйвۣ˵ЩҪôһȺҪôЩҵḷ̌ҿйľȻ濴гЧҪ˶Ӧþͻ˥ˣڻַǳصĶңҺпܻһ겻񡣡
ӢȻòĵꡣ
̼һִԽеӢܵ³˵йҵıײҾ˵˵й뾭õıײ
˶ٵйϵʵеһרЩҲͬ裬ζûбලôͻγɾԵȨԵȨͻɾԵĸܡˡֱԣҪһҷʡȻԼһְͼʽ룬һûȨᣬ޷ܹչжá
űֵ̼йľôҪ˵йľ޷ģûк󾢵ģԲܳΪв
˵Ӣһۣ㲻ҪҲʵʵ˵вԣȫԷ
Ӣ֪Ѿһ߰Դ˶й˵һˡѧĶǳĸӣڽȦӵԵʣĵ뾭ãͥڴˣòӦսѾǴԼйˣԼظĸǲйˣѪȴǻѪԼ塣
±̼С㣬˵ȥ
˱ǳǿʤϲ壬̼ȻҲ⣬˵ȥйڹģֻͣͣѧ͡øֵСйӹɸƷҲϲǹҼӹһļֵڶҷǳԴйΪٵĺųԼǣ繤ʵǺܿЦûԶģԼͶΪԼزƷһСʱõĸֵһͶģҲ˵йͼĿ๤õҲ͵ıꡣմմϲȴ֪һת־ͻȡʮй˵ر֮һ
Ӣһ⻰֪ȻҲйֿǷǳоģǿֶټĳԱ;ȥ
ֵ̼й÷չ͸֧ҵȻԴΪġǴַ;ãͶȻԴÿ10ԪҪͶ7Ԫ1ԪĵȻԴйĵ1/10ûмǴйȫ31ԭú30%ʯ27%ĸֲԼ4%ˮ࣬gdpȫ4%ͻᵼйȻԴ͸֧òɳȻԴ󲿷ΪѭõԴԵıĵˣȷе˵Ǳй͸֧ˣ͸֧˺﷢չʱҲйø롣й˵ı֮
˵ͶӢܵ˵ҵĻе𣿡
Ӣ΢Це̼С㣬˵ȥ
̼ӢܵĻ͸ˣǽ⣬йgdpǷǳӴ󣬵ڽȴ35%ƽˮƽ5%ڷޡӦ֪ʱѾᷢչҪԴ붯û˲ţû˿ʣһжҪ̸ڽЧͺйȴֳԶġɳչʱʡǮľͶʣˡֱԣһּصĶΪ˵Ǽй˵ı֮
ȥֵй÷չƽ⣬ȷе˵䲻йĻϵעϵӦƸĳ̶ȣԶԶĹң׼йѾԽΣϵĵߡǮȫή÷չûжֻв׼γٶȻǳв׼ԵĽ㣬ҲԴйв׼ûγɣøͲʵַԾй˵ı֮ġ
̼һ˵ƺҲЩˣйԴȱʣЧ¡ʽϾлˡʲӸ߲£ʧҵ˿ũʣͶԶԶʾߵ⣬˵йзչܳΪв𣬹̫Ц̫Цˡ
ôһЦϳ˰ȶе˶Цǵ̼֪ʶԽԽ㲩˰ã㸸ϴθ˵ҪɿֶټһλŮͳ޶ҲҪΪһŮ޳Ըпʵְ
ʱȴɭ޵ҷԣҷԱ̼ȥѡŮͳŮ޳
ôһ£е˶·ƶ̫̫ɭޣΪʲôѵ㲻ñ̼Ůμҵ𣿡
ɭ޵̼ȻŮμҵȣôһƯŮͳŮ޳ǲ֪ж˻Χߣǿ˵Ļᶼûˡ
ԣ֪˵ЦЦɭޣһζ̼˵˵ҵҿûʲôˡ
ʱȴһ˵̼С㣬˵ô֪࣬ûȤҶõĿ
˵Ӣܣе˱תͷȥ̼΢ЦŵҲָ̡Ӣ̼ܵС˵ҲԿ϶Ҫ˶ãͻֱ
˻һﾪ̼һ㲻˽ǵĹһôһڿЦ
ӢܶԱ̼΢΢һЦ̼С㣬㲻ҪҲʵʵ˵вԣȫܷ
̼ԼղŵĻظһ飬ɰã˵˵ҵǳĸ߼


 163 ǹս2
Ӣܼ̼Լԣ͵ĹȻųһռ20֪⾭ʵ徭õıȴҲһ951ζڹУһб̣ôϵܵصĴԴһǶ˵Ի͵ʵǷǳġ
˵⻰ϵ̼һȫԲ
ӢҲЩ˵ı飬٩٩̸һȻȫ羭ĹңҲȫծĴǷǮϹĻѶûнǷǮռϹѵ֮ͥĸծҲȫߣûмǴܼƴﵽ˰Ԫ֪˵öԲԣ
ʱϵ϶ֳ֮ɫ
Ӣܼڶҵ˵ΣȻ٣Ÿ߶ȼе˽лҵзǳصΥ鱨˲Ȼ˾ʼ¼ʹҵЧһܵҵӯԻָЧҵγس¹µԼӴҵ´еĽԾʧȥģʧȥΣҲδرйõ˶١
ֵԪȻĿǰͨûңŷԪĳ£һֱڱֵһơҲӦѾˮ20%ңĿǰڽͶԪĴתŷԪζԪԵʱҪܵʧҲɹơ
Ӣֵģóǡÿӽ10%ռȫGDP6ؾ˵ҵضóѾʼصήӰ쵽ѣȻ͹е־ϵĶѭڻҡ
ҲԸȥű̼ʵʵΣΣһеȵȣⲢй٣Щ֪ش˾ͶԹͶʡԽй˵ĿйԴ֮⣬һǶԹѾûйȥǿתʣ֪ǲ˵ı
е˶û뵽й˾Ȼ˽׶֮˵˳ʱѻȸҪȥֱҪ޷ưꡣ
Ӣܵһô˵ǰ̸뾭ãбЩһʱͣʵÿҶÿҵĹ飬ȥ˵йҪѧϰصطҲĹȣˡֱԣ֮ôɹȫսûܵʲôʧһͨ۾ʵõ˸ٷչĻᣬйȴΪһαչصʧñĹһٶꡣһҵǷǳĽء
ɭӢˣ̼Ӣ˵ĵûʲôϵӢ˵̼˷򸾡³˵ɫÿæԲˣˡҶѣ۾ˣص棬طϣ˵Щ˵£ҸǽһЦһôҰ
̼ȴǸǳʤĹҲй˵Լŭˣɭ޵ˣЦŶӢܵӦ֪úĹ£ϣ˻߹ңҪǿģСԶ޷档
ӢȻʾ̵̼С㣬˵úܶԣӵĹ£ǿʳҲһôأ޶ľѣǿľΪԼĹ棬ȥҰļ̤Ȩⶼӵĵһ£һֻɭеĶҪ滻ʨӳΪɭ֮һֻССغȴııˡ̼С㣬ѵղŵĽѵ˻ȷĿǰǿĹңҲԼ̫سУҲõĽöԭӵеǻеĽŻһһ˺ź£Ҿϣķ
ԴӸգ֮⵽Ϯһֱеħ䣬Ҳĵ£ӢܵĻһѵ˱̼ϣʱǺˣȴûȵķƢֻǺݺݵĵӢܣйû֮֮ƫƫһʱ˵Ļ
ʱȴһӢܣ¶˺͵񣬵ܺãҼй֮УйһѧʶڲҲǵһģѣǽ˿Ҿһ
˵ž;ƱʱӢܵӡѾ䣬ɭ޽ܸԼʱɭ޶һĻӣйЩǮˡϣʶӢܣǿߣҪô˺£Ҫôͻء
Ӣܼ˵鲻αҲƱ΢Цһ٣Ȼһڡ
ű̼ɫǲӢҲٺƽϣͺзȵľ̼С㡣ղŵĻеĵطǸ
̼ǸǳнعȻﲻϲйˣʧȥǣԼֻþ˾ƱǿļЩЦ⣬һںơ
ûþͽˣȫ˴ɳϺȿȣֻһ̼ҪȥȻܾЦŴӦˡ
´ҸԿųȥӢȻɭ޵ĳȶȴȥʻңǸӢ˺ӽĻɭƺӶɭ޼ӢܳѰȣҲҡҡͷϾȶҲǸƯԸеĹûб̼úúһʱġ
ӿһȶͲӣӢܵϲˡ
Ӣ֪ﲻǻܻԼĸоأ΢ЦŶΪʲôҸղ˵Щˣѵ𣿡
ȶܿ϶ҡҡͷ˵̫ˣҲҪΪƣˣǵصصļˣҲϲһȺ
û뵽ȶȻ˵ĻӢҲ⡣
Ӣܲ񣬰ȶֵҲ㲻ţһƽߣñ飬ǵȴ㿴Щ귢ս˶Ǯɱ˱޹İգ˶ٵʿ·˵öԣжǿ󣬶Ȳϼöԭӵǹƽģͱ˱һҪűʳ¶ҩЩʲôЩÿ춼ĵɻ±ٻ±лѧΪ˷ֹúֲòͣȥ˼ȥƲû߹ЩܹƳ̺ĹңΪҲ֪ԼĻ̫࣬һȸգҵء
Ӣܲɵõȶʵ֪ϣսģƽÿÿ˵ԸҵûǮ
ȶ˵ͷȻЦ֪֪Ҳμһսˣ¸»׹ȥ£дҪƽҪѪȡҪپѣڱĹңΣ֮еʿ
Ӣ֪طйһҲ޷棬԰ȶʱкøУǸ׵Ĺȴûʧȥһ֪һҪġ
ʱȴɭڳǰ˵ӢܣͰȶô˵ûʲôЩǧҪٵű̼˵ˣǸȵߣҲҵĴͳһǲҪʲôغãҵѣֲñ̼Ҫ˹ؼˣ̼Ҳֻҵϣһ̰ɡ
ӢҲ֪ɭô׷Ǳ̼ȷҲΪѣ͵ɭޣİɣ֪ôġ
ԼСʱ֮󣬾͵ȴһƽƽ̹ĲݵأʮĶݵ֮ϣʮƥеĳŲݣԱվš
һȫ˳̼̾ܵȺ֮һһţƺǺϤӡ
ʱֻ̼ϲһƥҸȥ
ָ̼һƥһҪ˿
Ӧһ˵Աߵһǳȥȡ
ʱȴﴫһ˻֮ǳĴ󣬶ԽԽǿ
̼ʵ̸ʲô𣿡
˵ͷһƥӢĸùĹھһؽģֻϧӻңѵ
̼ʱȥ
˵žȥάѷӡ³ᡢɭ޾ͽĸĺ档
ӢЦҡҡͷ𿴱̼ݣ񲻿ˣȷǸɰĹȥһпվͻᵽҵϴһҲ
ӢܶԱ̼˽⣬Ҳۣ΢ЦòԵĵһͷԼֵİȶȥ


 164 1
Ӣ˵Ż͵ҵһ˨ϹȻϵһƥȫǴɫһë˫Сб÷ǳãȼԣƽֱؽǿʹǽʵ
LʢжӢܶҲЩоһ֮£֪ȷһƥѵһŵȹףзǳǿĿԣõѵʦ֣ڱӦзǳõĳɼġ
ʱȴǱ̼ΧǰתתȥԵ÷ǳϲӣ̸ʲô֣
ȫǰëҰȡѩ⣬
̼ѩ⣬ѩ⡱̸ֿãҽвУ
ʱüͷҡͷ̼ɲУûѵûܹȥġ
·ƶ̫̫Ҳæװı̼㻹ǵ´ɣѩ̫Σˣġ
̼ѩͣ˻һ˿ӣ֪ǲģ˾죬ϧʱ书ηǳæòײų´ҲҪˡ
ʱȴάѷӵ̼̾ѵƥҽһѵȥ
̼ʱǰǹҲǳģάѷ𣿡
άѷһֱûô˵ղڲϻò³һ˿ȻҪؾ棬ܴĵУҵİҶȥӢӦûҪ˳һЩ̼͵ƥѩɡ
ʱȴ³̼Ҳԡ
ɭޱǸ̰ؼһѵȻᣬǾͨģֻ֪Ҫܹȥһʱ䲻ˤǴ󹦸ɣ̼ƥѵһġ
״ʱЦð̼ƥ˰ѵҲܹȥģɣ˭ѵƥҾ͸˭һİĹһһȦǶʿĽ̼ͬ𣿡
̼ЦŵУͬ⣬Ҫ˭ѵѩ⣬Ҿͺ˭һһȦ
̼ӦǾ˵ˣάѷӡ³ᡢɭһԵô˷ܡ
һʽѵʦͽѩ⿪Ȼǣ
һֵϣѵʦͽſԱȴƥϣѩܡ
ʱֻάѷӵ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹҴҵߵѩԣȥţҪ
ȻѩⱾѾֹͣ˻ҿ˳ˣһҪԼϣҰԾֱȲͣţҲܿĴת
άѷӿҲѵľ飬Ҳѩתһ׼һʱ͵һ̧ȣ̤ţѩϡ
ѩʱѾŭˣʱ˻ţӿʼҵʱʱͣʱʱάѷӾϲͣĵţҲ֪άѷsĵһҲδs£ǽһص⽻¼ԼĹοɲСӰ쵽ǰ̣æάѷӣάѷӣϿѩ̫ˣҪעⰲȫ
άѷǿİعǰҪԼ¸ңϷֻҧأŬ֧ţȴԽδԽᣬۿžҪ
æססάѷˤˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣĻѩȻķ˻һŵأǰ㾹άѷ޷ȣʱɿˤ
ʱѩƺѾ޷ƣάѷӸһڵϣĺһҪ̤άѷӵϣǲλάѷ֮ɲ
һӣе˶ˣ̼СǷ˼֮ҪĿάѷӱ̤УǲҲҪܵˣɲˣǾζпܻûãûcǲܼ̳λġ
Σ֮ʱ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬һӰȻץסάѷӵһֻţȻһϣͽϳ֮⣬ѩȴʱǡǡάѷӵĽ硣
ȫһ亹ɵһſάѷӵľǸйӢܣ벻ķӦ˿ݵ֡
ԭӢԴάѷѩ֮󣬼ѩĶǼң֪άѷӾ޷ѵֻºܿҪˤһֱйעţûһάѷӴϹ䣬˶ѾõĿ࣬޷κεķӦӢȴͳ˲һάѷӹڵصһǣʲôҲû룬һӦǳȥˣٶȻȲô˼Ҳ֮еļˡ
ʱѩѾסάѷȴǺһ亹ðŻعסӢܵĵ֣ͣҡллˣҡ
ӢܵЦҡͷάѷӣֻǾ֮ͣ㲻÷ϡ
˿ҲߵӢܵԱߣһѺӵסӢܣҵѣ㣬ҽɾʹ´ˣάѷҪ£һ治֪ô׺͹ҽ
Ӣӵһ󣬱ȥ̼̼Ҳˣѩʱ޷ѵģάѷҲˣ㻹ѡɣɲŪʲôΣյˡ
̼ȻάѷӲˣʵ̫ϲѩˣͷ³ɭޣˣûеȥѵѩ⡣
³ɭ޶ѾʮҲ˵άѷӣ˼ϸö࣬ȥ֪ߵغðգһۣҡͷɭ޸Цĵװı̼ƥ޷ѵģǵ´ɡ
̼һСάѷӣˣԼȥ
˵ž͵ѩ˼ߵĵ·ƶ̫̫֪ԼֶŮСĵӾ󣬸Ͳˣ˵Ҫȥѵǻ治ǿЦģæǰ̼ȥ£ĺüѵʦûѩ⣬ȥǳΣյġ
ʱάѷӡ³ᡢɭҲΧȥԱ̼Ȱ̼֪޷ѩˣ˶ţǲģҲ޿κΡ
Ӣһֱѩ⣬˵ʵҲϲƥҰʮİһǿҵҪͷ΢ЦŶվԼԵİȶȶ벻ѩ⡣


 165 2
ȶӢҪѩ⣬æҡͷҿɲңƥǺÿʵ̫ˣ˭ȥѡһƥ˳ɡ
ӢЦЦȴû˵ֻĬĬѩȥ
ȶ״ʱҲȥѵϽ㲻Ҫȥ̫Σˡ
ӢȴᣬѾ߽ѩ⡣
ʱѾףѩ⽥ţʼڵͷԵϵĲݣ˿̧̾ͷ
ӢܻûеӦȻѸײڶ֮ƣȥ̤ţѩһţѾϡ
ѩоԼӣʱֳ˻ŷŭӿʼͣҷȸղάѷʱ
ʱҲӢѩ⣬ʱϿ̫Σˡ
̼ȴЦðйȥһԣҲҲ˵
ӢܶЩѾǻţ˫˫ȽļȫעؿšԼȥ
ѩȷһƥзǳԽԽңӢֻάѷӶ˰ӣӾͿʼбˣʱѩ͵һٴסˤȥ׼ӸһŵأͿʼһߣ׹֮ơҲ뿪ѩԶ˵
̼״ʱЦҲаղžͲҪǿͷѾˣм
ʱȶæܵӢܵߡһ߸ͷһҲǵģ̼Сӡ󲻺ãֺαЦ
ӢҲͳȶģû£ƥһġ
˵⻰Ӣѩⱼȥһӡ
ѩһֿʼŭظŸղŵĶӢѾЩ飬ԾҲڲͣĵʽȻջˤȴӡ
Ӣˤڵ֮ȴûͣ٣ѩϣԼ֮󣬾ٴˤ
ظӢܾαˤ£ȥ
йȶһԿţ̼Ҳû
ȵӢܵߴѩѩȴƺѾֲסˣԾԵС࣬˻Ҳ΢
һΣӢøã߰˷Ҳûбˤʱֻһ˫һУ﷢ݡһͺȣѩͿʼǰܶ
𲽵ʱѩ⻹ܲһһӣǰֱĶӢܾ˸ƵģôҲһͷסĺƫȵʮ֮ѩѾ޼ƿʩ漣ӢܵļԦɿܶȻƽޱȣ硣
ӢѩһȦ͵˰ȶǰȻһԾһֳݵԼİȶȶС㣬Ըһѩ𣿡
ȶ֮УĶɭ̰ɫӹˣӢ۲ӣѪжеľ̾ʵ޷ʱӢԼѩ⣬ϵΪ߹ѧʶḻı̼Ȼǿɣװһƽȵӣ֪ʵ̼˷򸾵ƲԼģҲһԶԱ˵ԱУӢȴΪЩеĽ㣬ʵһдδеĹʣ¶ӢܸܺмĵһЦȻãװģԸ⡣
ӢбƳһ±̼ŰȶɫǳѿȴǰЦҲƲ̼߱ĸ߸ϣرǶйй˵ӣLʱֻһˣйŸеиУҪ֤Ů˿ʲôйˣʲôйˣ¾ͺʿ΢ЦŶ԰ȶȶС㣬ȥ
̼Լϵѩ⾹Ӣܸһ΢ĹСӰŮʱ̸̸ѩǴģ㲻ҪǸŮȥ
˵⻰ʱǳڶʲôҲûпǣ׼İȶȴһ𣬽ҧҧ촽
ӢܴʱǷŰȶءı仯̱쵽ˣŰȶȥȴŬĿסԼɫ֮ѾᲨֻû
ӢʱŰȶ΢΢һЦһҪϵȻعű̼
̼˵ĻҲʶǷǳûòģҲֻûòȶһΪǮʱйˡ˵һЩͽ԰£ŮˣԼ
ӢԼ̼ȻʾҲɴ۾ţһһգգԼֻҪһգ۾Եųˡ
ʱӢܶԱ̼̼С㡣Ҳһ⡣
̼ã˵
Ӣ̱̼ܵСǣһˣô㴿ࣿ
̼֪ԼĻʣʱҲ˲ʲôòòˣһΪǮϳԼŮ˵ǲ̸ġ
ӢܺȻ΢Цҡҡͷ𾴵ı̼С㣬ĻֻҸе֪
̼ʱʲô˵֪㣬ڹѧÿ궼õѧ𣬻ʮֱֽ־Ϸ£㾹˵֪
ӢܵȻйʱҲ˵һǳıκζɹ󡣱̼С㣬ǹѧظ߲ڱֽ־Ϸ£ѵ仰û˵𣿡
̼һ㶣벻й˾ȻԼĹҺ̷ָ̼ŮѰɣ㻨˶Ǯģ
ӢܺȻһЦ̼ҵŮѣҲȷǮǣʲôʱ̼С㣬˱ʲô˭Ϊʧʲô
̼ԣһʱ޷Ӣܣ˵
Ӣֵܼ嶡˵۾ûб̫Ϳ̫ҲˣҲͿͼҪҪ֪߱ʶʴȡ̼С㣬ˡֱԣ㳤úˣҲȱ֪ʶ뵨ϧֻһʴȣƯĹܲ˵һַǳźйҲһ仰ë顱ر˵ͬʱܵõ˵ء
̼ȻЦʵڿǲѧţڲҲ
Ӣҡҡͷ̼С㣬֪壬ŷǳõѪͳӦ֪಻ҵˣǵĳԶûãҪԼȥ棬߸õ棬ֻҪû˴ѣһеֶζǺıģҪᵽĻ㣬ΪһЩСϿղͣĿϮռǧǧ޴İգ֮仹вٵĸŮͯˣǵѪǵڵմһʱ򣬲߻һѵˣģֵġȶЩ˱Ǽֱʹ
һ˵⻰һתȥ˵һֱĬİȶѩ⣬Ҳڷ֪λشı̼һǰȥ
ȶӢܵĻû˵һ󣬲ŵΪ˵˱̼С㣬ĺֵܲá
ӢȴȶôҲԼԼҲΪ˳ΪǮǳԼѵЩˣΪΪǮͲԼǲֻǳԼñܵ˺УΪΨΨŵŵʲô˵Щ˻ῴˣһҪñ˿𣬾һҪйҲҪʵȶ֪йΪʲôӣΪһδεųãȻñһһεӶ꣬Ǳ̼ܱƲǿ
ӢܵһϯȶȻ̾һǵһμãϲˡ
˵⻰ͷӢܵĲһ¡
ӢܶԱ̼˵ЩҲôʹ죬˵ȶˡ
žһѩͷɿǰȥȶӢܿĻУ뵽ղӢԼԱ̼˵ĻҲ˵ĿģʱϷ˹ĽЦ
˺һӢܲŻصԭȴ̼˷򸾵˶Ѿˣֻɭ޻վ
ӢͣһԾ£ŽȶɭЦŵô̼Сˣ
ɭһ޿κεȻ̼ǽ߹ղô˵Ź֣Ѿ˷ȥ԰ժˡ
Ӣܶɭ޵ɭޣǱǸϲ̼ѣһҲˣǲǣ
˭֪ɭȴЦӢܵļӢܣҵѣҪʼʶ㣬
˵žָ


 166 ˵꣨1
ӢҵɭޱԼô㲻ҵı̼
ɭνҡҡͷûϵˣ߰ı̼Ҳһ£άѷ벼³ᣬһҲȲİɣУı̼ҵӣԶܷˡ
˵⻰ȥȶ
ҪڹȥȶĶǾƾܵģһ¶Ц֪ôģйˣȶԱһɭ޵־һա
ɭЦȶҵıôˣѾȥܱ̼ҵ飬òã
ֶӢܵӢܣȶǺһ𣬹ı̼滹ҪѧѧҪƯڡӢЦЦһϤʽ
Ȼɭȥ§ȶ֮ʱȶֱܿˣɭޣǵĹϵˣϲӢܣϲйˣҪ飬һ𡣡
û뵽ȶ˵ֱ׵ĻɭӢܶһ㶡
ȶ˵Ӣָܵ첲סɭޣҲŮѣδޣ㲻ҵɰɡ
Ӣʵڲϻľ棬Ȼɭ밲ȶûʲôϵԼЩһŵɡ͵ȶ⡭
Ӣ˵꣬ȶ¸ҵ˵ʲôӢܣϲ㣬һ飬ô򵥣ɭޣ˵й˷ǳͳǲһġ
ɭҲǸ⿪ͨˣ֪ǿðȶԼһҲȤģʱżһֵ̯Ӣܣôϼŵ⣬ҵİȶԽԽˡ
Ӣ֪ȶԼľұŮϲҲûʲôѹ׵ܡЦɭޣйƽҲҡ
ɭ޺ȻӢܣϴҿǸƯСǲˣ
ӢܶԴ˵͵˵ͷСҵˡ
ɭ޶ʱãҪлᵽй׷С㲻ɣ˵ģƽС㻹ûгΪδ֮ǰκ˶Ȩ׷ġ
Ӣ֪ɭ̫˽йŮˣЦЦɭޣҲʧġ
ɭ޵ûԹô֪ʧʧеˣҲ׷󡣡
Ӣ֪˵壬һЦ
˵ɭ޵سϣ˷򸾵ıȥ˱ʱѽ˷̼ǶûлȻбĹܼд͡
ùͣһ󿧷ȣɭ޼ȶӢܺӣҲζ˸ڳȥѰˣӢ밲ȶͻص¥ϵķ
˷䣬ӢܴӰȶȵҲ֪Ҫʲô£˵ʵﻹڴģϾⰲȶҲǸǳƯͨĹ죬ֱĸеعʵǱһ洿Ƿǳɹġ
Ӣܼȶ˵ӣʹƤڿ߽˷һԡң²Űȶ˵ܿͻԼһϴ裬ȻһĲࡣ
ǣֲ²⾹˿գֱ߳ԡңȶûн
ߵңȶӭݸһޱơƣȻҲ߽ԡҡ
Ӣܴơƣһڣ˴Ͽţһ󣬸оŹȻйͬԵ÷ǳϬ󵨣ɣȷȽ֮ģǿЩʧҲԱʱбýعĿܣʹԼΪܵһЩԼ͸ܵĳ̶ȡ
ڸ̾ӰһȶѾԡ˳
ӢܲȥǰʱһղǸӰͿſںİȶѾȫˣֻͷһŮѧʽβϵ֬۾жѩף̱ǣ촽Ȼķۺɫ֮ٿף͸һӴСˮܽأȻȥΡ֮У£ȴһɵİɫ£ǰ߸͹𣬶Լɼ͸ĺɫڿ㣬¶޳ȣֽԸΪһ壬ŮˣӢܵǵһμ
ȶߵ˴ǰĬĬӢܣӢܣ㿴𣿡
ӢٽԼֱȻԼ׽˼֣˵ͷȶǳ
ȶֵǱйأ
Ӣû뵽Լɭ޵ĶԻУ͸ѩõӣѸٵĽŮ˶Աһ£ҡҡͷȶǶǳǲͬǲܱȵġ
ȶͷ㰮й𣿡
Ӣһ̾ǸܺõŮˣҲǸֵðŮˡ
ȶӢܣжˣ
Ӣһʱ֪ôشL޳÷ӢӦˣйѩõȻҲˣҽáҶٻ櫶ǰŮˣȻûпʼ֮ĽܷǵĴڣ͵кü
ȶҲûгʲôķӦͷӢܣ֪˻˵ģڣԸԸһˡ
ӢЩ죬ȶֺĵӢܣԸԸҽװ𣿡
ӢܲϰȶôֱʣҲһαˣ֪ĹｻǲκѹģЦЦȶмˣ
Ϊȶشϣ˭֪ȶȴҡҡͷӢܣһûˡ
Ӣܲûˣɭ޹ȥ𣿡
ȶǣɭҵֻһԸǮˣкü˭ҲҵˣΪҴûϲǣʱйһѣӶǵˡ
˵ȶֵӢܣ㻹ûлشңԸԸˣ
Ӣλ崿Ըһ΢΢һЦȶƯ˵˾ܾ𣿡
ȶĻʱܿĵЦ絽˴ϣĻ̧ͷװӢܣܽһװİȶ𣿡
ӢڰȶƵһֺεϣȻʶĹĻһֱǿſģ͸˸ͷװİȶ
⻰һ˵꣬ȶӣ͵һӡӢܵϣỬѾ쵽ĳݱߡ
Ӣܸе˰ȶļ飬ҲһżҰԴżֲˣҶٻҽЩŮȫѹԼĳ嶯ҰʱŻһİȶҲԼȫſˣȻ𣬽ȶѹԼ£ȻȶȴøǿҵྡྷڻӦ


 167 ˵꣨2
һţӢܾһ߽⿪˰ȶµťۣʱ֮䣬ȶһԲѩ׵鷿͵˳Ӣȥǻ֣ҸоٷǳϸСѩЩƣ뿪˰ȶ촽ȥ
ȴȶ鷿ȻûǼ˿ţҲֻСһЩȴǳȻ̣ͦҸ׸˴ָҪö࣬ٴȻֻϸСһҲһַǳÿ̺ɫǾرģټƽ̹ϸ޳۵ȣһֲܹΪӡ־顣
ڰȶԲ鷿Ϻ˱һ󣬰ȶ̧ӣʾӢӢܣȴǳޱȵջȻĴĶһ·ȥӢ˶֮һŲӣסĶӢܸеһǿӲɵһ顣
ûãӢڰȶ֮Ѿ̲סˣ͵Ľȶѹ˴£ûбף԰֮Ǳر֮ߵȶб𣿡
ȶʱѾڴϢһ˫̲ӯӯҡҡͷװģģûвģҵǰ͸߹ҪԼԴʮҵĵһʼҶҪǸǽ죬ҲãҪؽӴңҲĽӴ㣬ĸоҲģ㲻Ҫʲôȥҩġ
Ӣ֪ºʮСʱ֮ڷҩǿԲȵģġӰȶʲôҲû˵һͦͽ½˰ȶ壬ȶ;ͽסӢܣϵĽ֫ӭţɵĸоȴȼ˿Ҫնˡ
һһֱʮҡȶʱĸӢܱ任ŲͬλͬĸоڴϣӢܴӺ룬βסĺӭ֮ϣѼ֣һйעȻ˰ȶϣ˫ְס
ȶҲѾ԰Ķˣ㺹죬ҴϢšӢܷԼıȻŵĿʽһֱάӣӢ°ȶܳԼ̫ãͷ
ȶ̾ػϸţװģǵһѰҺˡָоĺܺãȣ
԰ҲӢܵĸеȫĵķɣ§סȶȶҲܿġ
ȶȻһЦװģ֪֪˺ڴʲô𣿡
ӢܵŶʲô˵˵ȶ˶ڴֲ֧˶ãܶҪҩŮ˿֣ȻһЩȴߴ磬ҲŮ˿֡
˵⻰̧ͷװģ㲻ͬ˵˶붫˵س־㶼߱ˣһĻԽģղҵΣǴûйġ
Ӣװȶ˵ġΡʲô˼зǳǿĿһ԰ĳ־ҲаȷǱͨĶ˻ҪһЩѩضŮǺģعƣӦȶоŮˣֿȻȻ˳ȶҲȻľá
ЦЦȶĺ뵱𣿡
ȶ˵ͷǵģϲֱ˰Χĸоϲÿ˵۹ⶼҡ
ĻʱӢҶٻҶٻҲǣȴͰȶһϵǾǵ֮дѴѵǮܹҶ󻪸õȶΪ㣬ҲǶĻĲɣϲ˳ָԶԱƾĶۣԸԣ˻ռƵģϾǸҪչҵ磬Ҫ֤ҵ磬ԸһЩлһЩйĴͳĻΪһ£ԸҲԼһЩй˵ķչйӦ÷˼һʷĻˣӦȫڵԽӣӦüȡֻڿѧȫλȡ̰
ȶӢܺȻĬ֪Ȼ˼εĶһµװģһȥԡɡ
Ӣܵ˼·ϣҲعӴϵ˵棬ȶȴһ֣ĵЦ
Ӣ֪ԼŽԡңҲ΢΢һЦȥⰲȶһߡͷ޳İȶĻҲС״
ԡңͷ֮ԡţ໥ΪԷӣƯԸеŮˣӢָֻܺܿ״̬ȶĲҲǳ˵ؾҲԼԸ飬һЦͶѩ׵ӡ
һӢ밲ȶȴ磬໥ĸһǰȶǶӢԵˮЩŮԵӡ
˵ڶŵңӢܾˣȴȶбӽִԼǰ˯죬֪ҹĻҪָȻԼȡǰ֣ñϣ˴ȥԡҳһˮԡʱֻӣѾǺ޸о
·Ӣܾ¥վһӶˣæȥ͡ȴǼ弦ţ̡
Ӣͣȥ뵽ƺϺʿ
յƺͼάѷ벼³ڲƺϥŰɫ黨ȹı̼ȴվߣںܼĽʲô
Ӣܼ̼֪ȻûԼﲻûȤ׼ȥҰ⡣
Ȼʱȴ̼йˣûȤҵݽ
ӢܱסȻ޷ٻرܣֻתЦЦðɣҾ̼Сĸ߼
һ˵šһ߾άѷ벼³ߣάѷӸмԼΣ֮ʱͦȣͺƵ˵ͷӢҲ΢΢һЦ
̼Ӣ£ְͷղŵػ⣬˵Ů˲أģȨԱͳΡԱѹּһʶ̬ʷԵŮˣʹŮ˰˵ļֵ׼ԼʹŮ˽Ϊ˵ĸƷҲ˵ģһ֡Ϊȷ֤ԼĲɴΪģڶԣǲģɲ˵ĸȨ֮Ů˾Ϊ˵Ŀ꣬˴ڽӴĹߣʧȥŮӦеĹԣʵǣŮ˾ԶΪߣΪ˵ĸţŮ˻ԽԽԽԽǿ󣬾ڲõĽŮ˾ͻˣΪߡ
Ӣ̼̾һ˵ŮȨߣɵȥ˿άѷ벼³ᣬǵж͸ΪȻζȴװȤű̼ݽʱ̼̾ȷǷǳòʸǸŽ󣬿˵һֶǵǰȶҲ޷ᲢۣŮӣ˭ҪȢֻҪҪָֻŵĴ֮࣬رάѷӣڰعȨǾϵģҪ׷̼ɹ̼һ֮ȶΣֳŮȨŮӣ㲻þͻάѷĹŪʲô¼ƴȨҲ˵
ţȴ̼ԼһȻһ˫ĵӢܣ֪йŮ˵ĵλǺܵµĲ˴ƲŮˣŮҲƲԼǿɱ¡
Ӣ̼ܵС㣬ˣûȥй˽йʵڵйŮѾеλˣǲɱ˼һĵȴʵʵϣ˵ȷǱŮ˸쵼ģŮҲʺŮһЩɵ£ֹֻͬӣӦƽȣαطҪ˭ǿ˭
̼ʱĻԣ˾Ұ빥ԣŮȴƽǣŮ±˸ϸ෸Ļᡣ
ӢܵŮǱ˸ϸ̼С㣬֪˵ûУѧѾ۶Ů˱˵ĴҪСЩ˵ĸΪϸŮ˵Ĵн״˵ĴǸڹ״ζŮ˱ȱӾռѧҲϲ߼˼άȻҲǿˣټһ潲Ůǲ˵ġ
˶ֵ˵Ů˱˺ƽǣһҲȫ棬û˵Ů˱˸ڼʣƽϣغ˿㣬˵ŭ磬Ů˵ĶʻһĻ硭
˵ȴ̼ݺݵĵԼҪ΢΢һЦȻʲôʲô˶ڸģ̼СϲƽʱǵŮˣһǳҪпܣһֱ֧̼СȥѡͳĻһá
̼ڹѧһ˼άݶԼҲΪû뵽й˾Ȼ٩٩̸Լһʱ˵ʲôĻ
***********************************************************˵ǲӦúͰȶΪһɾˣʵѾ˵ˣĴĴҪҪ̫࣬οȶԹΪǺܸӵģɫɫˣɫɫԸ񣬶һܹɾʹҵˣȴӦýӴˣԣҪ㽻ŮȫǴŮҲǲʵ벻߼ģܱкܴġuɷ֣ὫʵýʵȥҲЩ뷨ȴѧͨģҲӦ׷õʧףһЩ׷ȫֵܣҲȷֻбǸˡ


 168 Լ1
̼ӢܵĻһʱƵԶԣдգﲻ³һ仰Ǹ߰ԴΪǵй
ʧȥӦеǣȴ΢ЦõҲǷӢһᱻŪĪ
Ȼûϵ鷢ˣӢܺȻվӸµıҲ÷̼С㣬˵һΪǴˣ֪ԼѾ֪ĴӢҲ˵޴ƣиȴѼ֣̼С㣬ϣ棬޴ҹ
һӣ̼ʱĿɿڴ治֪˵ѧЩʲôķǳ׼˵ĻܴԼϣϬ񣬸΢巢˾Щ
ʱȴӢֵҪ֪˶ȣ޴û
һΣõǶ
³Աű̼ӢܵĶԻȻ˺ԣ̼Ȼͨ죬ԵúǱ֪ӢܵĿæվ̼Ҷѣ̸
άѷҲվӢܣȴľ⣬Ŀڲѧʶҷǳ壬ʣһУҵġ
ӢϹʲôѧСѶͰϰķԸͬʦͬĻԣѧģȴԶһѧҪӵöࡣ
ʱȻҲмϰȻСԵĿܵҪȰ¶櫶࣬ڣȴڱ̼߰Ĺǰü
άѷӵĻӢҡҡͷûϹʲôѧ
̼ʱЦӢܣ벻ԼʲôѧУ˵ôûԼѧУ𣿡
ӢܹһЦȴ͡
̼άѷӻҪӢ˵άѷ³ᣬߣǵӶɭִȥ
άѷˣֻӢЦЦͽȥǹˣһȫװǹһŴʻȥ
ӢڲƺչһǡҪ¥һʻ˽ȴ˷򸾡
˷˳Ӣܣôһ棬̼ɭأ
Ӣܵɭһֱû̼άѷӻв³ȥʲôӶɭִȥˣûá
ʱðȥôңҲþûȥӶɭˣɭޣһȥɣҲΪ׼һЩҰζ
Ӣܱϲԡһ˵̵ðֻǲ֪ɭڲڣ
ʱֻ·ƶ̫̫ǸԵļһȥ˾ûлǷ׷̼Сˡ
΢Цҡҡͷͳֻͨһ룬ŵɭޡ
绰ɭƺ˵һطֵãϻҺҪȥӶɭִԣ̼Ѿȥˡ
˵գ͹Ҷ˵绰Ǽһû߶ԶϾҪǻȥ·ǹɡ
һӢܣͷҴһЩֻûкʵװ㴩
Ӣæ鷳ˣҾʹһ
˵ͷǺãȥ֪ͨȶһȥˡ
ӢܴӦһ¥ص˷䣬ȶ˯ţ˵Ե£ȶˣʱӴӢܵһ£ͽԡȥȥˣûһʹҴҵ˳ȻȥԼЯƤҵһװɫ˶װϣβȴҲûлױԳ崿֮һڼŮһ㡣
¥ɳϣûһװ˷򸾾˳ﻹСھǹ
ȶȥͣɳϵһɭޣʮ֮󣬾죬ɭ޴Ҵҵ˽ȴһλͷͭɫƤİ͹£òȻȲϱ̼밲ȶ£мҰԵ޹ɭ˽ܣֽǡ
ɭ߳µŮˣȻʲôֵģ˵˼仰ͽǹˮ͸Ӣɭޣ߳ϳǼӶɭֶȥ
Ӣ밲ȶȻɭ޵ĳ˷֮УȶɭޣҲܻӢܵϲͣĶװġװġĳƺ
ɭ޴ӷ⾵ӢܵĻ̬֮Ե¶ȥԼһʱһȻ԰ȶûʲôĸ飬ʵЩ˵вɵмζӢȴƽʱڼΪ椸֣֪ȶ׵ŮǺģ̶̵һ֮䣬Ͷߵй´мӣƽʱֺʽĴвͬӲӢܣܹԻŮ˵ĸְ
ӿһСʱ֮󣬹Ȼ͵һɽ£Ŀȥȫде̺һȫȻ𲨣µϢ͸ҲƢ
ֿ˼ӣͼ̼ͣһɽС·̺֮С
ͣ³˳ȥ̤ǽɽС·
û߶ã˼ǹ죬Ǳ̼ڿʼĿˣҴǹķλжϣǵľ벢Զ
ʱſɤŴ̼̼Ǵ𣿡
䣬̸̼Ҳˣ·ƶûУ
ִˣ·ƶ裬ɭ
̼ʱĬ˺һŵŷɽȪԱߣ̸ǹɡ
ӦһʹӢܵɽмǰȴɽֵɫʲζüԱϣị̡̄еࡢƣҲлһĺɫ
˶ʮңӢܾˮתһɽȻһϸˮɽϵʯעһߴС͸޹峺ס
Ȫ֮ԣ̼άѷӡ³͸ǹվάѷһֻɽֻ𣚣ǵսƷˡ
һ˹̼ȾǺݺݵĵӢһۣȻ·ƶ˹ȥҡֵ·ƶ裬ղǿ˺ôһֻɽϧˡ
Щɽ˭ġ
̼һָάѷӵȫάѷһ˴ģǹ׼³Ҫˡ
³ˣʱһΣɿЩ̫æкþûдԣǹˡ
̼³飬ʱЦ³ᣬģһһʲôҲûдš
·ƶ̫̫΢Цű̼ͷһŮӣôܺ˱ȡ
̼⻰ʱƯͷ˭˵ŮӾͲܺ˱ȣƫƫҪһһơ


 169 Լ2
·ƶ̫̫Ҳ֪ԼֶŮƢҡҡͷ̼㻹ôǿְֶһкˣҪ֪һŮ̫Ҫǿɲ˵ϲ
̡̼񡱵Цάѷ벼³·ƶ裬ֲϲ˵˿ɲ㣬˵ҲҪϲ
·ƶ̫̫̾һ̼ô˵أҲٴЩᵽˣְҪŮ˸Σʧȥܶġ
̼ˣ˾죬Ȼû˵ʲôȴһΪȻ顣
ʱҪ˵ʲôǻؼȥڿҪרĵĴԣӶɭЩԵĲ٣ɶҪˣһǲҪֶصĺá
̼Ӣܰͦأһקӣʹ֪³ǹȻãάѷȴǳѵǹǺܲģ̸ɭ޵ǹҲֻƽлһйˡ
±̼۾תһתôԲ棬ǻҪжע֪Ҳҡ
£Ӣ˵ȫСƣ̼֪ŮʲôˣɵðһЦ˵ͷðҪôʲôעҶ̼С㰲š
̼Ӧˡ͵ãҺάѷ³ỹһ飬̸ɭޡһ飬Ǳ˭࣬һҪӮˣͿҪһκεһλԱһ¡
Ҳˣãô죬ﲻܱӦñɣɽ״һ֣ϵ֣ҰҰҪЩ֣ɭѴľǳҰˣҪʮ̫֡࣬ôϣڲݴУüǺţȻһ֪ͨ㡣
̼ͷãô졣
Ӣ֪ǳԼģ̼С㣬ǻǰѶע˵ãҪԷԱʲô£
̼ѯʣɴ˵Ҫ㹧ҾȻ˵̼С㣬ΪҵİǸ
ӢһӮĿʱЦ̼С㣬עȤһ飬ҺͰȶһ飬ҪǵõķֱҶ࣬䡣
̼û뵽й˾Ȼ˿ԴҲЦⲻǿЦɣ
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ
̵̼ãһΪôġһӮġ
ӢĻз̵ζ΢΢һЦȻһΪ̼С㣬ҪˣҲҪҹľȻ˵ӢΪҵİǸӦûɡ
ǸˡͨӢܵĹ۲죬Ѿ϶йǸƽųصԸûаգǲԼǳģôпǸǹĸ֣̼Ҳпܻⳡôй˾ϹǼѿ飬æˣˣô棬ڶעòã
Ӣ˷ΪֺƣҲΪѣ͵˵ͷаһ
Ȼ̼ȴƫƫϷŹУУ˵һΪôӢܣ˵˴󻰣ֿʼ𣿡
Ӣԣһݣ¶Ҫѵѵòת̼С㣬ȻҲνողŵԼɣĸСʱΪޡ
̼˵ͷãĸСʱ֮棬˭ࡣ
˵⻰ҲͶάѷ벼³άѷ³ᣬߣйǵ
άѷ벼³ղӢһ֦ǹҪ֦ǹҲǲ̼Ļͳɽϵıȥ̼ɭѾܶˣ֪ɭֱ࣬һԼѾռϷ硣
ӢѾ̼˶עҲ޿κΣȻԸֶŮⳡֻðˣµͰȶߣҺɭߣҲ
ӢܺЦͷ˷ɭ޼Ǿȥ
ȵ˶ˣȶվӢܵǰװģղ嶯ΪʲôӦǸԼһҪһ˺ͱ̼˱ҿɰﲻæһῴֶŮģߣһ࣬УɭһὫԼŵָ̼䶨ˣװأôĴѵղϵȻͷ
Ӣܴûаյ£ղŽɭʱͼֻҶ̫࣬˵ʲô£ƵάѷҲһֻɽ뼸ֻ𣚣оˣԲŻһĸҪñ̼ķڷһʲôйˡ
ŰȶĻӢͷȶߣǲġ
һ˵ţһ߾ϱȥȶֻýĸغ档
һӢܾ֪ΪʲôҪԼˣɭƺ˺٣ĴïܵİݴԣҶҲǵأҶŨģҰǳĵΣҪǺѶȡ
ȶЩСӲţҪӢܻһ
ȻػҪڣͼӢ̧ǹƺҲûô飬ͷϵҶоǡ顱ǹ
ǹ죬֦֮Ͼ׹ں£ȶæܹȥһȴһֻɽһֻڳβãʱУ
ӢڵϳһֻҰݵĴ˨һ
ȶڸˣɽҲǹȴӢҪܼö࣬æװģҪͰ֦ǹֻһ֦ǹ
ӢЦЦȶҪţһֻǹʱҲ֦ǹġ
һ˵ţһǰƶŲĿ꣬ûãǰĲݴϤϤžǰɿĴʲôҲֻӲڲסҡš
ȶһװģǡʲô
ȻĻӢǹѾˣǹ֮ǲݴʱͳָƽȶҿӢȴ˹ȥ˲ݴУóʱȴһֻʴҰã˰ȶĻ˹ȥӢܵϺݺݵһڡ
ӢܴʱѾȷϱɭǳ࣬ðȶֻҰһطҰҰݷһ˲ݣȻһ֦żǺţŴŰȶǰߡ


 170 Լ3
ӢܵǹԣϱɭҰҰǵ˴ùеģһǹһֻûյģ·ļǺѾﵽʮ߰˴
ʱӢܲ㣬νҪ㣬ҲҪޣǲܹģ˺ϵҰݴеҰá֮ѾˣʹŰȶר֦ïܵĵطߣϣܹײҰ¹ҰЩһļһ
ȶӢܣߵĵطԽԽڣԽԽߣҲʼҲϣӢܹиĳɼܵйбԼҧǰţһԣӰ쵽Ӣܶܶж
ңȻֻֻҰáֻ⬡һֻ
ȶ˿ʱ䣬ѾСʱˣæװģʱ쵽ˣǸ
ӢûдŴһȴܲģ԰ȶĻţǰţû߼ͼǰһ֦ɱ۶ˣȥ鿴Ϻۣһ֮£ȴһϲԭǶϺ۴۲ã֦аȶȭͷ֣ʲôޣǲôء
ӢܸϽȶһƣȻȥݴµĺۼŵһ·Ѱȥ
һң˾һ󡱺ꡢꡰľ޴ȶʱľսӢܶС
ѰСʮףͼǰʮ׵һյһֵľڲͣĶš
Ӣһ֮£ʱһϲѾֵľﾹһֻĺܣղֻ˵ɭҰȴûᵽܣ⵹ջˡ
ȶʱҲֻܡӶʱһ˵ȥסӢܵ½ǣʹţʾϿ뿪ĺƤһ֦СھǹǺƷģҪǱˣӢܱ뺷ߴ󣬵ֻܵ޷мܵģֻ»֮ǣҸղѾ˲ӦѾȱ̼Ƕˣαȥðա
ӢҲװȶĺ£òײҵĺķͻعȥȶһעڻĶžͽöӵװǹš
ʱⷢ΢ܵǳȻһӾվӢ밲ȶȫֻܣ߰Ӣܵĸͷ࣬ȴ࣬۾ĵ͸ײеĹâĴѰţģ˿ֲ
ȶʱֽŶ÷ˡȴӢܲˣĵǰһʱûаסֻýסԼ죬һ֮͸Ӳݵķ϶ǰš
ӢѾǺܵʮ֮ôĵط̾ᵽζǺëʱ֮ȻһһӢȥ
ȶǺӢԽԽҪгҲʱȻоŲй˵İΣԼǳǳҪĺ᲻ʧȥ
ڰȶҪʧ֮ʱȴӢѾɿƽǹ顱ǹǹǺܺȻ˾޴ĺУžԭײֻ۾ͣѪȴѾӢ׼ȷС
ӢܼѾԼϹֿǹ˺ܵƤ֮УõСھǹޣǺܾûӦǹ£ǼӢܵķ
Ҫֳ֪ϹӣĿԶӢȻ۾Ȼᵽʲôط
ӢҲûܵľ飬û뵽ܾȻ׺ǹûе£ȻԼҲһѾΣҵԸһ֮뵽ܵ۾ѾȫֻƾĿ꣬¾ʹһȻѸٵĶһ֮󣬿ʼװӵ
ǺȻ׼ȷĳķصײǴ֮ϣǴʱҵĶҶǺҲõܿŭǰȥһξƹǴܵ͡
ӢܴʱѾٵƶһߣ׵ĵطͷǹǹӵȫ⣬һΣıҲˡ
ܵӾѾȫɥʧټǹˣҲ֧Ųסˣ˵ϡȻںţҲվȴԽԽͣزٶʮңͳ׵Ĳٶˡ
ܵڵ޶ȶͼˣˣװģҵӢۣ㾹Ȼɱһֻܣҵ죬ǲ˼顣
һ˵šһǺȥ
Ӣװӵ׼ٲϼǹȶ˺ܵԱߣæȶȲҪȥһûȷ͸ûС
Ȼػû䡣ͼղŻһ˿ĺֶܾˣһë׵ץס˰ȶҽš
ȶʱһУڵء
Ӣܲ˼ľǹƾǼǹܵƶ˼£Ͳжˣֳǳ׵͸ˡ
ʱӢæȶȥ˺ܵƣȴҽŵ˶ЬѾϵĹץƣѪȶҲ¶ʹı顣
ӢܾǿʢϽȥﰲȶҽŵЬӣȴѩ׵ؽű֮ץۡȻûŽǣ˺ȴ̣Ѫڲסš
龰ӢæȥѰܵĲݵأѶ̹ҰļɣɭֹѪĲҩûһҵһֽСܡزҩ֮󣬾ͷ˰ȶĽϣ⡰ܡֹѪЧãһȶѪֹסˡ
Ӣܵ˿ڻȾͽȶԼϣҴҵԼĵصȥϣӦôŴԱرҩ
ȶķӢܿرϣͷļϣй˷ĺֻһƬ·ԼһֻСͣһΧ޷ĸ壬ǽϵƺҲûôʹˡ
ĸоȶûй֪ʲôӿһů̧ͷӢܵغһµװģҰ㡣
ӢܵȶסʹܿҪˡ
ȶѾʹˣװģһӵ𣬵й㻹İȶ𣿡
ӢҲû뵽ʱ򾹻⣬֪˵ܹɢעȶʹµģȶһġ
ȶˣĺһڵİȶҲģ̫ˣһᵽй㣬ɲҡ
ӢΪڿЦЦðйһúõд㡣
ȶģҪȥǣ˵йһ׳档
Ӣܵй֮һֱæڹ£ҲûлȥйĴúɽ͵û⣬һȥ
һߺͰȶ˵ŻһСܣ·Ͳͣһ͵ŷɽȪԱߣȴ̼ûлֻȣȶͽĻǺ΢ЦҲ֪ʲô
˰Сʱ֮˷򸾺ɭ޾ͻˣȶˣȡЯһСһŸҩ˰ȶĽϡ
ʱֻ·ƶ̫̫ôͻˣôɽﲻô
ӢܵһЦãһЩϱˣˣأջΣ
·ƶ̫̫ϴ¶ź֮ɫӶɭԽԽˣϰ죬ҲûײʲôǺòײˣɭ޵ǹֲȫܹˣֻ˼ֻҰá
˵ŻһŲ̼άѷӡ³Ѿˡ
Ӣܼ̼һӣ֪һջһ٣Ȼ̸̼ܴװûУҪЩˣᣬҰζ㹻
ͷѾ˶Ӧϵˡ
̼Ӣܣ˹Цĵ֮ĶԼ㻹ûɣ
ӢҲ΢΢һЦ̼С㣬ûϣӮ
̼һ͵һȥ·ƶ̫̫˵ȥˣԸղŴԵľ˵üɫ裬άѷӵǹǴͣ³һ࣬Բĳڱ̼ǰֲѣЩơ
ûãͼ˸׳ĴȴЩѱʦﶼװĹߡ
һɭ޴·ߣûãͻˣȴֻʮֻҰݣֻҰãһֻӡ
ڵ֮άѷ·һСʱŻһοض飬ʮֻҰݣʮֻҰãֻӡһֻȻһֻ÷¹


 171 Լ4
̼صǵӢһ̸ۣ㣬жٷ֣
˵ͷù͹ǽ̼ǵڵϣҰмֻɽ˰ʮ֣ʮֻҰֻʮ֣ʮ֣÷¹ʮѵãʮ֡ͬϼʹﵽһʮһ֡
Ӣܼһ˹Ȼջ˷򸾼ɭǼɱȻҲǲţʱȴɭ˹ԼЦһ£ƫƫͷһ޿κε̾ˣȻ˷Ϊ˰̼ӮⳡǴ򵽵˱̼
ʱԵһԼͷܣӦҲ̼ĺϼƲ࣬ȴһʯͷϵİȶװģл˵
Ӣܾ˹ȥȶ֣ߵǵһһʮ˷֣ͷܻûȥװģӮˣ͵Ÿ߰ı̼СϹɡ
Ӣܵû뵽ȶ˼ϸ壬Լһߴһ֣ЦһЦͷ͵ãȥҵˡ߰ɡ
˵žͷ϶ȥЩ͹ںš
ԭ·УЩõıǼʰЩ͹Ѿ˵˱£Ҳ֪̼˱ףڼӢһ֦ǹʹôж¶˾֮ɫȴø˵ʲô
ȵǺܵʬ֮͹ǼôһȻʱҲȥȥΣ˼ڴֵɴá˸һ뷢̧ȻأȫǾٲά衣
òײŵɽȪߣ̼ȵЩͷˣȻǰ̧ŵĴܣʱĿɿڴ˵
һܣʧŴܣԭӶɭŴܣҵ죬ɽûʲôȥûʲôˣ̫ˡ
ǰ󺺽ܷ£»ȥһ󣬾ͽӢܴ˳˵ϣһ֣ܣȻ밲ȶһģһһһʮ˷֡
Ǹ޴ŴӢ̼ȫɵۣ㶵վڴǸġ
ȶ˼̼ղӢܣеĻͲһ¸̼С㣬˻ӮˣӢܸղŵضԼ㲻
̼ѩ覵ϴʱһ󡣺һ󣬽ҧӣһŵˡ
ȶǺãӢܾϹɡ
˷򸾡άѷӡ³֪ø߰ı̼˾ϹǸǽûܹίֻղŽ˵̫ԼѾ˱ףҪٰű̼עʵڻй˿ˣһʱҲ֪Ǻá
̼ĬĬվһڷ棬ģߵӢܵǰҪϹѾǵͨ죬ҲҪĳ裬ƽδй
Ӣܲһƽϵˣֻ߰ĹܽѵҪƲйˣ̼飬ҲžòĹ̫ѿԼͣȻ̫ҪЩӣ罻֮¹Ц̼С㣬ʲôղŵػһΪڿЦ˵ʵֻһЩҪˣҲնԼģҶѣҪô⡣
һ֪ӢܷŹ˱̼ӣий˵ĴϽҲЦ˹ű̼ļ˵öԣҶѣˣܵ棬̼֣ʲô£ָ̣һҪѧϰĵط̫ˡ
̼Ҳû뵽ӢܾȻŹԼĬĬӢܣǷйˣ񲻵ǿƺʲôǶأģϣɽһĳȣһĲˣʵ̫ˣ̫ˣһҪȥ˽Ŀ
̼ȻǲʶôŮӣʱֵȥҴˣлĴȣǽѰɡ
Ӣܼ̼Լ̬ȺͻһЩҲЦѾˡ
˵ȥ̼ţֻļϸۣȫȣɭޱƤţ̣û˵
չ֣͹ӢѯδͷŴܵģӢʵ˵ˣɶĵǹ͡
һ˻صҲǶˣóŪ˼ֻҰݼֻҰνͣǱ̼е˶Ӣܶ࿴÷ǳأҲûƲй˵̬ˣ̼άѷûȥййͣѯйķ飬ӢܵȻҪһ˴ʾлһȵйȥι۲ιۡ
ҲʱӢܸеĸܵһҪõ˵أһζǾеģֻñ˼ǿ󣬲Żܵأ磬ʵȷҪġ
***********************************************************һ죬СͿʼˣʱȻϣ糿𣬾ͲͣгӿĶЩ¹ڳʿһ֪Ƿǳݵˣȷ㡣
ӢģȻܲ˹ˣ˹ȴٳδȴ˰ȶһֱĴʷٸһԳ֮Ϊļһһб˵󣬶Ӹǲʮ»̥ĸˣԴӰַ˵ʵݡ
ȶнˣû¥ӢӰӹ˾ҲʷٸʶȥӢѾǷǳʶȻڴӦʷٸߣ֣صĽӢܣ͡
ʷٸѾʮĽ飬֪Ǻôĳһʮ˵ģ¾ͶӢܹĿ࿴ڲƺһطһɹ̫һ졣
˵ӢйһӰӹ˾ʷٸʱȤӢܣһĵĴƬһιڶĳڿһ㣬йҲǵĹ֮һ
ϢӢ˵ʵǸ⣬̻޴ڣĿȻ곬УܹӢӰĻý˾һ̨ףӴӰ̳Ҳһ£ǽĲˣ֪˹أųȫȨ̽˻Ƕˣؼʱ̣Ҫˡ


 172 ̽1
˹ػûӢܾͺʷٸ̸Ҽʷٸȥй죬Ը֮Ͷ㣬ʷٸҲ˵йӰĻý˾֣ӢܵʵЩɡ
Ӣ֪ԼŹᣬô˾ѶԼֻºѾù΢һ˼ЦʷٸԼһйȥһеķöӢܹ˾
ʷٸҪȥ죬ֻûжһңӢѣ˳ˮܲʹӦӢܰ£һȥй죬ӢӰĻý˾ȷ߱һʵȫ顣
Ӣ֪ʶǳḻڲ²˵˼罻ҲǴа棬ʷٸԽ̸ԽͶ֪ΪҪԼƼйˡ
ʱӢȶ΢ЦʷٸʷٸһλѣǺܾǵǱʵġ
ʷٸŶλ۹⣬һû⡣
Ӣܵˣ¥ϣȥ
˵⻰ʷٸһͷ¥϶ȥ˷䡣ȴȶڻױȶʷٸˡҺ̸һĵû㲻㲻һֱ㡣
ȶȴûеˣüװģҲСģźòһȳһյģ飬ֲ١Ҫ㶪ˡ
ӢЦЦʲôұͲϲ裬ҲǳѿҲôǰ׳󡣡
ȶȻô˵ҡͷװģҺһ裬һܿĵء
Ӣܵȶȥɣʷٸ񻹵ЦһЩĻᰡ
ȶ˵ͷʹҴһױһɫ¶ӢܼͷѾ˸٣Գϸ񾱣ϻɫӰ촽ͿҺɫĴࡣ¶̬֮Գ˼ָš
ŮϣӢƵ崿ޡʣȷǾǵǱ
ȶӢ֣ܵ¥ȶԼĲһЩϵ˲̫ᡣʱ޷ָ·Щ⣬ǹȥ״ֿ̬ȵĴݼ棬һǾɥӢԱߣ֪ôģȶоԵ÷ǳƽ
˲ƺϣʷٸһǰڨؽŮ˵ǽŮɶʷٸһЦһ֪һλεĹ
ȶŮɵı飬Ȼ֪ǹȥԼҲ࣬ҲûʲôʱȴĪĸеһ
ʷٸоˣ̧ͷһ۾ͼӢԱߵİȶʱǰȶӡȥ顣
ӡɫӰ󣬶Ĵ˶ʵԻӰԣʷٸʶȶҲ֣Ӣܵ汻˵ȶкȻһִûйܸ߳оǺòʷٸ˵ͷ
ղŻںʷٸ˵ĽŮɼŵİȶʱԲλĵ߿
ӢܺͰȶʷٸԱߣʷٸһۣЦ㻹޸ŵܹȶƯ
ӢȻȶΪʲôԼһ𣬾Цŵʷٸ񣬰ȶƯҲǼˣӰƬﵣһɫлᣬ㲻ǿǡ
ʷٸŰȶۣ͵˵ͷðɣлһͰȶСġ
ȻȶƻװġװġĽиͣӢǾȥģʷٸ񣬰ȶӦԼ뷨ֺαȥܡ
ɭ޾ǰһЩ˵һ£¾վȶʷٸ̸ҵཻܲܶһЩѡ
˵ž˺Ц˵ͷٲ߿
ɭڸ̸ۣļһڲŵǲļ磬ʾԼл˵
ɭ޺ߵһߣӢܣţ˹ǶʮѣڰɫݣһģֻϼһǸ͵Ĺ񣬵κεطȥصĳУҪһЩģҲʶˣһһʱ
ӢЦЦɭޣҾҪ˵£˹ˣ㲻ҪϽҹȥлᣬٹȥ㲻Ҫ˵רΪġ
ɭ޶ʱˣЦؿϴһȭƻйˣðɣҪǰ˹˵ͨйĹȨתø㣬ҼҵҲкôҵȻġ
ʱӢֵˣҵ£ô˵ġ
ɭ޵Ҳûô˵˹һʱҪС͵ľۻᣬֻ˹ģӢܣҿɲɵӣܲ˵ģҾ졣
ӢҲЦˣ˰ļ磬Ȼʮ꣬ԸҲЩͬǷǳ˴˵ʮͶԵ
ɫİƺѾúˣһֶݳԱҲ׼˸ʽʳȽͣϢһȻ١
ӢԶԶļȶʷٸ̸õǸˣڰףлΪǣɭȴ˹Ӣܣ˹ϼһˡ
ӢԣæŴȥȻһʽļ׿ǳʻ˽Ȼͣͣϣž߳һŮеʮ£ĸݣ沿ڣһɫͷЩˣһЩִͷߵӦˣʮ£Ҳͨƽ̫̫ɭ˵Ӣʵڲȫ̽Ȩһ˹ءȻйϣ豹桱ˣġ
һ˵ܴģ˹һ³̾ŻʿӭȥһԷ򸾺кţҪ֪漰иҵҶӰҲǳ˷ǹټ̣ȻܲȥύʷٸʱҲվֻǲ岻ȥ
Ӣܶ˹صĵһӡ֪ǳӦĶ֣ĴԶûдǸûˣΨһ⣬Ҫȥ̸У˼ǣҪԴġ
ӢһֱվȺ֮ĬĬ˹صһһνӽ͵ǻ뾭Ķ֡
˷ʱҲӭ˳˹ط򸾺ӵʺ򣬿ӵȷŷǳˡ
˹󵽵ģ˷򸾾翪ʼȻտҰζˣųʦǵķգζŨ磬˲Ρ


 173 ̽2
ЩҰζ֮УעȻǺˣʦóʱʱһ˷׷˷ѯ˷򸾱ᵽӢܡ
˵Ӣһ˴˷ǳ͵ŴܣȻ˵Ĺע˷򸾾ͺĽӢܸʶ
ĻᣬӢ֮ãʱɲǫʱ򣬾˳ȥǳĺʹ֣ʶԱţйӢܼţΪ֪÷ĴȥļϢһᵽйܲϢ¹й棬йܲҲܲ㱨˹أһ޾ϸҪΪĹйսмΪҪһңûϴ˹أ˳֪˾Ƶġ
Ŀ˹أȥ˹Ĵˣռ棬һһᣬҲһ̵ĵطʱ˹һҪָָҰ
˹Ҳ˿ݵֺһһ˿â΢΢ЦйӢܼŵܲã˵֡
˹صĻӢжʱһϲϣԼҪϼŶŸɣ׼Ͷй࿹ϢѾ˹ֻǲ֪Դôġ
ҲһЦ벻˹˵ҵ֣ҵҡ
˹صй̽ܳͷ˵ϼ˾˶ķװȨ齨һӢӰĻý˾ϼŵĲǱԱϼһƬصĿȨļλİٶڣʵǷǳĴΪû뵽ԵļôãǽҪһɷ
Ӣϵ˹ؽӵϢ󣬱ض˵ԼʵȷϢĿɿԣĽȻҲһȫ޷鵽Լ뱳Խء˹˵һεѹԼԣǷǳء
ʱȻ˹صؼҪ֪йиӢܼŲѣܹһ˵еȷǷǳѵõ顣ڱֽڿйȥܹܶгʮǰֻһ˵֣ⳬǿļҲһɫر֮һ
ʱ֪¶̫˹ؽȤֻǺòһЦȻһˣܣȴǱ޵һλϯ󷨹١
ƺʶĽе˸ӢܽˣʽʼЩ˶ǳͣˣһȡʳһЩ֮Ļ⣬ȴҲһС͵ĽᡣʱעȻòıֻ̼һɫȹȺдȥ̸ȴйأάѷ벼³һֱԱߡ
ӢԹֱ̼ۡάѷ벼³ƺ䲻ȣûʲôرƫ˭ĵطŮϲ˵˵Ǿзǳģ̼У˵ϲֱ⽫ˣԻ̼òûкЧķķģյĽƶֹۡ
²˼ģӢܻعͷȴȶһϣԼ֣Ȼ˵ߣȡһӣȥʢЩˮ뿾⣬ȶȥ
˰ȶ£һ߽ӵݵУһߵȶʷٸ̸ôϣ𣿡
ȶ΢ЦҡҡͷװģӦ֪Щ˵ģֻ˵ЩŮ˵ĻǺѵģʷٸҲңҲңҲԶ벻ˣرļ䣬ģǲĴġ
˵ʵ뵽жʵİȶпܻΪɾǸȺŵʷٸϴӢле㲻ǰȶɣȻ޷ȥ棬ôһ˵һοĸоȶһ԰㣬ڻ˵׼
ȶЦ֪׼ʷٸ£Ѿ̸ˣȤ
˵һ鿾͵Ӣܵװģ֪ϵ۸ʹһҴġ
˵һ󻰣ȶˣԳһЩʳӢܷ¥ȥӢ£ڷһ
ԼһСʱ֮ǺֶݳͿʼˡеĿ˾͸Լ衣
ӢرעˣһȻ˹أֻԼķµ衣ߵҲֺʽ貽ԵúܶܰĸоһʷٸֻȺҲƣֻнʳر⣬Ҳ֪˶٣ԱߣǷһơƣѾûʣ¶ˡһȻûдٰѾľŮڶʳȤˡ
ӢκȻĽӽ˹أڴõʷٸжʱһ˹ȥʷٸһ˺ȾǶûȤ㡣
ʷٸһ̧ͷӢܣʱ͸˵ôðҺȾƣòˣþҪһЩ
⻰̾ӶơƹһĹޣÿһ
ӢܴʱѾ̵ļƻ͵ʷٸ֪˭ľһЩһССĶע ʷٸȫҲǺơƵĸ֣Ӣܣ¾Цŵð鲻ʲô
ӢܵͶʮô
ʷٸԣʱһϲ벻ӢǸйƽ׸ԼǮˣ͵ͷãô죬˭ҪǺȲ䣬͸Էʮ𡣡
ӢܵаȻôģǾҪҼ֤˲Ŷʷٸס
˵žվƴλλҺйұݱ˽ĿиעҪ֤
̾Χ˹˵ҪʮԪúȤӦ֤̼˷򸾡ɭЩҲЦԱΧ
ӢܾҪ˵ĹעбƳ˹ȻȻ٣͹ЦðʷٸҵѣھͿʼɡ
˵žһ޾ơ
ʷٸ˵ͷˣһǾڱڼ˭Ҳ䡣
ӢܴӦӢܶһ£ͷ࣬͡ࡱغ
ӢܵرȻһȣҲ㲻иʷٸȷĶ֣ǹơûкȵ֮ʷٸѾ˵ףźڶ
ȵӢǿڶޣʷٸѾһжࡣ
˵ʵӾ˵һơ൱й4ƿơƣӢܺҲǲ̫ģⲻ䣬ǾҪ6ơװڶ棬ǾͲܳܵˣ޻ûкȵһ룬͵ĵȷȷغȲˣοҲûҪӮⳡͷơƱװЩȻӵʷʷٸҺȲ㣬Ӯˣҡ䣬ʮ򡭡ʮԪˣȵȡ
˵⻰ͻص¥ϵķ䣬䣬ȻƤó֧ƱʮԪ
ȶղ¥ҲӢʷٸƴƵ龰һʲ֪ʮԪɵӢЩۣӢֻЦЦһף¥ص˲ƺ֧Ʊʷٸ
ʷٸй˹Ȼ˵㻰ʮԪҲһʲСĿʵһ֮ƣɵúһӵһй֮УֶһЩȤʲôӢܼŵܲʵġ
ʱϿʼ֣ʱеĿ˾ŽһӢܴû裬ЩйתԵ÷ǳ⣬ӦǱһе赸
Ӣܵ۾һֱû뿪˹أʱڲƺһ࣬ųϵ˻ԾﻹŽģƺźԼûоȥˡ
ʱӢܾһƣװЩȺлȥȻ˹صԱߣȴûикֻŸ裬Եúܿĵӡ
˹صȻǼ˾ԼԱߵӢܣղӢʷٸѾˣͲͷȥľֻܲѡ˶֣ʷٸǳľƹ㿴ô֣ơƺȳġ
Ӣתͷȥ˹أһģԭ𾴵ġ𾴵˹Ҹղû㣬˴кʧˡ
˹ؼЩˣ΢Цҡҡͷ̭ҼǺ˿ģ̫ڣû˼
˵⻰һֵˣεʲôɣ֪ܲܰ㣬ֻҪܹõңֻܿڡ
Ӣܹصĵ˹ʵʵ±˵ģϼǵˣšž˵ˣҲ͸¶ġ
***********************************************************ֵǵкܶط⣬Ǿ;˵ɣ͸¶̫࣬û˼ˡ
һӢܾһȻ϶ǰصͿҿصףҼȥ֪ˡ
ڶ϶ţңҲٴչڴǰ
Ӣ໥ӳ
ģĿǰȻƽֻӢܵĳɳ̣ڵķչƽתҷڣҲ̽תε
壬Ľṹ񲻵ǹȥС˵С˵ûеģۺ󣬿ܱȽϳĿǰֻǿƪҪ׼ĿǰĲ룬ٴϣֵֶܼģΪֵĿǰΨһľԴ̫޷棬ͲòרְתΪҵ࣬ǽȶܵӰ죬ʵⲿúõɡ
ٴζлҶҵ֧֣һÿ¶ᾫʣŵᣬۣͨںܶ󶼻ס޵ϵеġ


 174 ̽3
йгйѹ⣬丱ܾȴŽŷгҲзǳǿķչѾΪвľ֮һӢôһ˵˹صŶºϼй𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷǺܴ󡭡ܴĹϵ˹֪ģֵСһӢӰĻý˾ڷչ׶ΣҡҺϼŵӰĻý˾ǶͷǰЩ죬һһϢ˵ʷٸһƬһεĳҪҪڶйпѡǣ˹㡭֪ģϼйȵʷٸӢܼźпûû취մϱߣҾɭްϵϵʷٸ֪Ҫμۻᣬ͡
˹ضʱЦ֪ˣղŹʷٸʮ𣬾ϵô̸𣿡
ӢһͷԳǳ˷̸̸ܵˣʷٸѾӦһȥȥй죬¡
˹غЦǾ͹ϲˣӰӹ˾ܹʷٸһһ𣬳ᳬӰӹ˾ġ
Ӣܺĵӵһᣬ˹㡭㼪ԣҾһǺȸ
˵ž;еĺ˹ҲԱߵȡһƣӢһһ
˾ƣӢܾͱ۾ѾЩʤ֮״Ҫȣ˹˵
Ȼûã˹ߵ𣿡
Ӣ֪ҪϹˣһϲʱûղűһۣѾöˡ˹ʲô£ֻ˵
˹ؼƺָһЩҲˣһͷܲһ⡣
ӢЦȻԡ
˹һ˫۾֪ԳһûȤ
ӢܹЦô˵ռܴʵڲôڻûʲôȤ
˹ҡҡͷûи˵滰
ӢܹãȻûа˹⻰Ӻ˵𡣡
˹һЦһϢ֪Ǽ١
ӢܵʲôϢ
˹ص˵ӢܼȤйпͳУҪϼŵйо֪ûС
Ӣܶʱ¶֮ɫû˵һ󣬲תͷ˹Ϣģ
˹زչɫ֪Ϣûдˣ΢ЦϢĲҪҪǷʵģһ棬Ҳ֪ϲ
Ӣ֪˹ؾ뵽Լ곬е⡣ҡͷ̾һ˹㣬֮⣬Ҳ֪ϸ΢֮£һϣǾʵڲˣǼ뷨Ҳ׼ʼʵʩ˵ʷٸйȥ⣬Ҳ뿴һĸУرꡣ
Ӣܳϣ˹¶ЦݵҲǳ̹ϣԵطϣһԷȰ㣬Կ϶ǣܹپ޴ʧ
ӢܵŶǾ˹ָ㡣
˹غܳĵ㻹ǵػȰģǧҪУߣ֮֡
Ӣܵ˹˵ȥ
˹صйе״֪˲˽⣿
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˽һЩ
˹ֵӦ֪ĿǰйĳѾ˷չ߳ڣڽ˥ڣҲ˵ܹ鵰ԽԽ٣ҲԽԽ˵ʵ೬ȥǳѣʱһУҲ˵ûжٹϵľ飬ǷǳǵģȫһֶԽǮķȥͶҵرҲҪö࣬Ҳȫöࡣ
˵ЩҲǧȷĵӢܼ⣬ӢҲȷῼĿǰͶʳУ˹أҲֻ˵Щٵػˡ
µ˹Ļǳе˵ʵͶͳп˵ɵϵΪˡ
˹΢Цŵ˵ͷ֪ͺãһжûпʼֹͣƻʽĻЩ죬ҸЩ̽ѣһҵµĿġ
Ӣֳ̾һ˹ʵҪллĺˣһ飬㲻֪ҲǳΪѰ
˹صʲô飬˵ҲҿԸ⡣
Ӣ˼˺һ󣬷·¶ģ˹ص˹±Ҳ˵Ʒǵõ˵س޵ģҪסܡ
˹ؼһӣʱǳ˵ͷãŵùңҷģὫĻ˵ȥ
ӢһͷðɣҾ͸㣬˹ʵҲӢܼϰ塣
ӢܵĻ˹غ棬Ϊ㱨ӢܼҲһʮ˻ôʵ͵Ŷ֪Ӣܼϰ˭
ӢܵҾͲܸˣǣһҿԸ͸¶ǾϰϼзǳĳޣӢܼţҲϼŶģϼŵ⣬ǶҪҪ뷨ϼţйϼŵ֧ǾŹģУϰ˵£ѾܸģȻĽԤƵʧǳ󣬵Ҳûа취¡
ӢܼŴϼţ˹ҲѾõйܲ꾡Ļ㱨Ӣһ˵˹Ҳе֣ɵҡͷ˵ϼŵܲһ벻ôһ˳֣ҵ죬µĻɽ𡣡
Ӣܵ˹֪ԭˣ֪кμ̣
˹һʼǾûа취ˣǿһУϰԸýǮϼű𣬾ͲʵȰġ
Ӣвסתʱֵ˹ֻһҪȵǸǹ˾ĳʽӪ֮ĿȻйУóһЩֶΣܻ漰˾й棬û취⣬ź
˹Ѿ֪ӢܼϼΪһƬǳҪؿȨ꣬ļ۸ﵽİٶңȻǮԶȲܲʵѾԶԶй깫˾֮ˣǳ˳УйпʼԵľɱۣôй곬Ҳò沨ӦǾζűѾʼֿйѩϼ˪ˡ


 175 ̽4
˹Ȼ̾ϢϻǵЦ̳ôпᣬҪôйĳҵᾭһܴķ籩˭⣬Һϰһ䣬ййʵ磬յ߻ϼţǲᵹģϰǷǳĲǡ
Ӣ¶Цʲô취ǮģҪôôϰʵҪйҲδؾһֵ˺ȥĳɵʤ㡣
˹Ȼ֪˵ϰжۺľû֪ǣϵȷصĲţǻ۵Ǯ˵Ƕúţ깫˾Ȼųһ˵ȴֻǱ滯ģʵĿǰյй깫˾ȷһ⣬йһĽƣ۸Ѿ˷ǳ΢ĵزټϹȥ߶볡ѣͷѣƵĽڼй̵ķӦṩһ͹۲뾺ֺȻɱһӢܼţͶ߶ûоӪеľ飬ټ˽˶Թ棬治֪йĳҵʲôӣԼҪ֣ҵеĽ˹ѾйꪳɳƲǷ˴̵ĻҲ˹̶еĵʹѵйҲҪߵ˵ز𣬲Լһ̵ĳˡ
Ӣܼ˹ذû˵֪˼⣬͵˹ȳ˵飬ʵ㲻õģΪһжֳɵġ
˹ػعŶѵѾƸгй˲ţ
Ӣҡҡͷǵǣһ֪ܲϲйľӪ״ѾǳˡڽӴпܻչǵĹȨ
ϲй״˹л᲻֪ģ֪ϲ˶ãû뵽ôҪ֡æ̸ôˣ
ӢܵҲûʲô̸ģϲйѾ֧Ųסҵϰּйоڸѡַ˲̫ʱ䣬ֱܹùȻã¶ҵϰֱȥ̸ģҲ֪ĽȣƲˡ
˹صһӢܼչ˼ϲعȨôζ곬лʧȥȫ˳йгĻᣬľӪȥĿǰйҵԽԽѾصķټϼͳеĶԾͬȵر£߸ƫǱĳУ곬ҪȥӯѾǲܵ飬ȻйгǳҪһѾ˱仯޷˾Ϊгֿʲô
ԥ֮䣬ȴӢ̾һ˹ǿϧ
˹̲סϧʲô
Ӣܵʵ˵չУĿǰйӹģ곬йӽ˵˾ڷгʱ˵ҪȫӪйгƾ곬еն˹ģҺϰѡ˼ϲϣ˹ѣʱ̡
˹ʱȻۣ˼һ󣬲ۣӢܵԵϬһƻļһ
Ӣһ˹⻰ʲô˼
˹Ȼһ˵ǲǾ̸չ곬е£ȴһ䡣
û뵽˹ػֱԳԼģǽϵ˹Ҳ̽ȨƵӢǰ壬֪˹ȻµҰٷ֮һٵĿ϶һַǳ΢ֻץסȡ̸е
úܾ۹˹ص˹ô˵Ļȫˣչ곬УҾǲĴأҪԸô룬Ҳûа취
˹صȷûȫİӢԼģϵı飬Ҳ͸й˵ǳЦֻ㿪һЦ档
Ӣһûϵӣҡҡͷ˹ĬȤҵϰչ˼ϲ֮һڵһʱ֪ͨġ
˹ƽʱҲ˲ȻӢܺпװɵʵǳԼ̸չй깫˾Ȩ£йƵı仯Ҳ깫˾ȫΨһĻᣬ޷ȴҪ֪һ̻ݼţߵжʧҲǳ˺ڵĽ
˼һ󣬱΢Цй곬ȤҲ̸̸ɣһ㵽άеܲңһṧĹٵġ
ӢȻһϲģ˹Ȥ̸תȨ£̫ˣһϴ绰֪ͨϰ壬ͣϲ̸ܹɹʶǵȻõģ벻һ֮зǳջ񰡣˹ʶҵˡ
˹й˵飬ȷǲ²͸Ŀģп»£ȵйҵ˻սĳ棬ʱ˾޶Ŀ볷ͻˡ
¾ֵ˵ͷãȰǾϰһ绰һϲ˾̸Уһһһظġ
ӢܴӦһ֪˹ǸϺ꣬˵̫Ļֻ¾ͻЩվָųѾȺǵ˹㿴öˣҲһȥɡ
˹ҡҡͷˣҪ̫ĻѾˣˣЩ˺ã͵ʱ򣬿ҲǸԾСӣ㻹Լȥˡ
ӢܾЦ˹ظ˴ǣȺȥȴе˶˸첲γһȦԼððȻȥ岻ӣ˹ںţЩΡ
ʱȴһŮһɡ
䣬һֻ˹ָ˳ѩ塣
Ӣܿ˹ȥȴһ㶣ԭ˵ֵŮӲǱˣһֱȥı̼ңάѷ벼³ᡣ
ӢԥȺֿʼ̼һץס֣ͽȺ֮Уסָ첲
ӢһԼȴǲ³ᣬղֵ̼ģȴԼ˼ӣһࡣ
ӢֻöŲ³ЦЦĸ첲һΧ
һȺһһ߻ֿǿԸȾκ˵ģӢܴʱҲʲôˣŽν裬ʱءԭʼĽϸ¶ȫͷţǳĵĴЦ


 176 ̼Ѻ
ֳһСʱңҶˣĿʼɢȥȦԽԽС󣬾ȫɢˣЪϢеȥ¿ʼͣҲеļݳȥ
Ӣܼ̼ɿԼ֣Ҫ뿪ȴ̼Ӣܣһȣ졣
Ӣһάѷ벼³ԼǻĶţЦЦ̼С㣬ʲô˵ɡ
̼ҡҡͷһҾҪˣӢܣҵԱߣάѷ벼³ᣬԼѵȨ˭Ҳܲš
˵žһࡣ
Ӣ˵ĿЩŮȨߵļƣάѷ벼³һ޿κεĶȻ˱̼Աߡ
άѷ벼³ʱɫ÷ǳѿ֪̼ԸֻĬĬ߿ˡ
Ӣڱ̼ߣһû˵һŲͷӢܵҾҪˣǣΪǸ
Ӣ֪ԼĴñ̼ЩдǸӲᣬˣ̼˵ĻЦЦ̼С㣬йһ仰ʶǰҶ̬ҲôãǲҲҪǸ
̼ҲЦˣӢܴʱǳӳ֮£ѩ䣬ǼⴽͿ˵Ǿ¾ףѩáֶŮӵȫȻͬЦһУ¶һݣ˹ǡԼҲ̲סҡֲûõάѷ벼³ԡ
̼ʱ̾һ㣬ʶ֮УģҲй˵ʵȥҵȷƲйˣʶйˡҶй˺ŨȤҲ̫˽ˣҾͻѧҵҸѾҰ⽻ְпܵĻһ뵽йоҡ
Ӣ΢Цð̼С㣬ǳӭ㵽ййĿǰȻı׶ˣҲֵýصطǷǳƺÿ͵ġ
̼˵ͷһģϣʱܼ㡣
ӢҲ޷϶ϰ᲻ԼӢܼܲõλϴá̼Ȼ˵⻰Ͳܲش𣬵´Цð̼С㣬㵽йһúõĽӴ㣬˽й˽йˡ
̼ʱҲԵ÷ǳˣ޳ãô˵ˣҵĵһйѣҾֱˡ
ӢסȻԣ󻹻ийѡ
˽֣һЦʱЩز컯Ϊɢȥ
ջֵ֣̼Ӣܣղں˹̸𣿡
Ӣ֪зǳĹ۲Ҳ͵˵ͷһϵҪ˹̸
̼ӢܣѾˣһ䣬Ҹ˵˹̽ıԣܿԼҲǳ֪㣬һҪ˹ء
Ӣ뵽˹ؽԼ쵽ܲȥȷǸΪԲ²Ķ֣δػ˳ֵһͷ̼С㣬лѣһǳעġ
̼һֲͷӢܣʵҾ㵹Ǹ⽻˲š
Ӣܵң֪̼СôΪ
̼һ⽻˲ű߱ǲѧϡڲŻнǰˣҿʷٸ˹غĵöȤǳѴ򽻵Ըͱ˶˵ȴܹǴôãʲôֶΣʲô⣬Ƿǳ׵ģӢܣΪֹûʲôȱ㡣
ӢܶʱЦ̼С㣬ô˵Ҿһô
̼ĵͷĿǰȷǡ
ӢһЦһű̼̼С㣬ΪǽӴûжãϾʮȫʮ˵ģҲ⣬ҿԸһҵСܣ;Բôˡ
̼ܺĵʲôСܣ
Ӣܹһĵʵǳݵģϴһ裬ϴףˢԴûŮϲҡ
̼һ㶣žڿЦʱĴЦıֱŹ⣬Ӣܣ벻㻹ͦĬ˰
ӢܵоһĬˣһһͷĥ¿Ȥҿɲܱһֻĥ¿ûɡ
̼Ц̾ϢҡͷӢܣǸֵˣ͸ԸˣѵȻãĵˣһǺͷ۵ģֻǸˣŪΣҵ⽻ζ֣֪ôźá
ӢܹܵΪѣҪ֪ҶһȤ
̼ˣӢܣƽʱϲЩʲô
ӢܵرϲĦУϧƽʱûʲô
̼һΪϲǹôã̸޲
˵ŻӢлͷάѷ벼³ѵﻢԼɵðЦҲɵ̾ɷϣ̼ĵȷȷǸǳ˵ĹȴΪһŮ⸶ģģжôò
ڱ̼޹ĳΪ˵жӢܾվ̼С㣬Щˣ¥ȥϢлᣬǻһġ
̼û뵽Լʱ˻ǣǴûе£ȻԼŵе˻ɣȻȥǿһˣȻЩʧ¶ܶ˵΢ЦãӢܣסѾһѣʲôʱңϵʽɭ֪ġ
ӢʵҲûҪ˵棬òԵĵ˵ͷȻ뿪
ص˱¥ϵķ֮Уȴȶбڴ̨ϣ˹ȥӵļȶڿʲô
ȶװģղͱ̼Сĵÿ濪İ
ӢܵҲûʲôֻǽ⿪⼸һЩ¡
ȶ̧ͷװģ̼С㻹Ӵ죬һᰮġ
Ӣһ㶣ʧЦ̼С㣿ô᣿
ȶ΢Цװģ㲻˽ŮˣһŮпܺ㣬Ҳпܻİ㣬һǳرˣ̼ʲôӮ㣬пܻ᳼㡣


 177 ̸У1
ӢȥЩĵ⣬͵̼СһҪˣҺҲԶټģȶ¡
ȶҲ˵ˣȻĵӢܣΪʲôܲװģѵ㲻ϲ𣿡
Ӣ⣬ɵһ㶣˵ʵȶװģûмסһϰĳƺȶȷз곡Ϸ֮⣬ȥʲôģȶⷬ˵뵽ԼҪˣҪ룬´μ棬治֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͽһװİȶ
˰ȶĶУֻ۲磬ĿӢܵǰװģǲΪһŮˡ
ӢܲûشǣҲûشǣֻóĬ
ȶֵ㲻ûشΪ֪һǵģ˵йŮ˵ǿ÷ǳͳǲԼŮ˸ϴǲϲģǲǡ
Ӣܵ⵹ҲȫǣŮ˱ǿʧȥ࣬ҲӦõõأõеŮ᲻µʱƭʧȥ࣬ҲǵĴŮӷǳãֻΪԭ˲ϲôһ˲һˡ
ȶصֶǣʮʱͺк˴˵ƭΪҵʱҲܺ棬˺ϲǮϲ˳ͷͺɭϴװģй˵һŮ𣿡
й˵ĴͳȶŮӦǻڻŮһࡣӢȶǲһΪҼֵĹǲһģй˵ЩҲò˼飬֪һ㣬Ǹúƽ֪Ĺ˵׼ԼģԼ֧䣬ֻҪûкˡǾֻһʽü򵥵ĺ뻵֡
ȶ벻й˾ȻôԼ¶΢Цװġô룬ĺܿģΪһŮˣҲˣסȶĵģһ֮УҪκεĲ
Ӣ֪ȶ˼ǶԼɭЩ֡ΪǮŹԼõģĸƤоԽƻŮ˿õԱ
Ҳ̫ܶšлʷٸĽȶȥϾҲһԵ֣ȶѾǵǱʣӹе˵طչӦñҶٻҪ󣬱ϾĿǰӰҶٻܹǣѴﵽɳ̩ա¶ǣ޲ģݿɻĳ̶ȣԴҵǶԼܹȻá
µȶ˼˵ҲܸˣҲҵϵİ
ȶǾ˵ģҵϵİпܣҵȻܾ밴㹫˾ƶȰ£װģһҪס
ӢȻҲܿ϶˵ػǼ٣͸˸ͷðɣҼסˣװİȶǿܾҪֱˣҾҪάȥ£һ꣬Ҫʷٸһй
ȶʱʧô죬һΪһ졣
ӢܵԲ𣬰ȶҪ£ȷ㣬ǵʷٸӦҺˣӰƬкĽɫ֪ͨɡ
ȶЩȻ˵˵ͷȻ˴ĬĬһŵװģʲô˵ˣǼסĿְɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ͽ⿪˵˯£¶һѩ׸͹µȻĵװģϴ
Ӣ֪ȶҪʲôͽߵ˴ߣ¡
ȶɿԼ֣ͽ§סӢܣϣȻѻȵ촽ȥֽһΣȴõӣ뱴ݡ
ȵȫ㣬ȶȫȡԼ촽Ӣܵ϶Ūţһ󣬾ڿȥнţӢҲ鰵ӿ
һҹǴɫϣȶʹ˻ʹõʽĲλӢܸһŮ˶ԵĿţȷ붫ŮǺвͬġ
***********************************************************˵ڶ죬̼˺뿪ˣùͣӢܾ˷򸾸˴ǣɭ޿ԼάȥȶĽ˻ҪܸԭڱˣӢ֮ʱȶȴüǣᡣ
άСҳǲ̫Զȫ·õĸٹ·ɭ޿Сʱĳ͵ˡ
뱾άеȴвǺܴ󣬳еĽҲ㲻ϺִŰɫݶеĴͳС
˹Լ棬ӢܾڱάеһǼƵ
Ӣһаٺãɭ޾͸Ӣܸǣ˵Ҫ˷򸾵ı㰲ȶ
Ӣ֪᲻ǸŶʵƯŮˣҲû˵ʲôȶȻڿ˵ϲԼ˵Ǽ٣ӦԼѡġ
ɭޣӢܾ߳˾Ƶ꣬Ĵй䣬ҪģȻǵĳȥ
߽곬УŸܵĻйǺЩͬģй곬ԱȻҲЦԵӲ̿һּͥƵķΧ֮УԱǵ΢ЦȫǷģͺһ㣬ֻҪĳƷǰͣ΢һ̾Ҫʲôֳ̬Ȼ飬·ѾΪһ壬ӢܴʱҲܰ棬ⲻһĻһֹʵֵԼ
һֱ䵽ϣӢܰŻصƵ꣬ϴ֮ͷ˯˹صĻ棬ѾҪˣһӦǡ
һѾӢϴϣӦͳˣȻƤóһƤ¥һʿܲȥ
ûã͵ܲһ㲻ϷǳɺĽЩӣֻ¥ĳʾ¥ķ
Ӣ߽˴˽Ӵ̨̾һλŮ΢ЦŵͷãҪʲô
ӢҲЦ˵ͷ˹ѾԼˣ棬С㣬鷳֪ͨһ˹
ǽŮ̵õģʲô֣
ӢܵӢܣйӢܼš
ǽŮɾͰͨһߵ绰С㣬һλйӢܼŵӢ˵Ѿ˹Լ棬֪ͨһ˹
˵֮󣬾ͷ˵绰Ӣ΢Цһȡ
Ӣ֪Щ򣬾վŵȺ
Լң绰ˣǽŮ˵绰˵һõģ֪ˣʹ


 178 ̸У2
ǽӴС׳˵绰ԱһλӴŮɵ˼䣬͵˽Ӵ̨⣬ŵһ֣Ӣܵ˹İ칫ҵ㣬
һ˵ţһǰߡ
ϵݣ˶ʮ¥ǽŮɾʹӢ˳ȥ˳ȣһ칫⣬ȴһʮ꣬۾ŮһŰ칫ߣ໹һŽţ˹档
ŮɵС㣬Ѿˡ
ŮӢһۣ͵ãȥɡ
Ȼ߹ȥŵ˹йˡ
䣬˹صã
СŤűţͷӢܺòһЦ
Ӣܳ˵ͷʹ˽ȥ
Ӣɭ˵˹صİ칫ҷǳļӣʱĿãȻֻʮƽڣȫûκεİ裬ֻмɳһ޴ķŵԵİ칫칫ϷһЩļһͷЩ׵ڷǩʲô˹ءϴģǰμʱ׺ɫ
һСһȽɳǰĲ輸ϣŵ˳ȥš
˹ؽļķ̌꣬ͷӢܵ˼к㣬
˵žָָɳ
Ӣܼ˹һ飬֪ʲô⡣ȫ̽ȨҲ˿η֮У²ɳ֮ϣ˹档
ʱ˹ѾеļӢܣ֮еҲϬ޷ӵİȱһֿԶһеǣܹǰ͸һ㿴
ǻűˣ˹صֳĿ֮¡пܻ־Ŷ֪̬֮ӢܵԶˣɫ΢Цšƽþûзĺһ
˹ȻӢܣȴе˷ǳĲ죬ʵ޷һʮ򾲵񣬾ܹﵽؾ硣Ҳʮ굱֮ܲ
ʶӢܻţ˹ȴջȻһƭӣ
Ӣܲ˹ػ˵ĻҲ΢΢һϵЦȴû˿ظı䣬˹⻰ʲô˼
˹ص˵ϰ׼չйϲѾ̸òˣǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷô˵ġ
˹غȻЦʵ̫С깫˾Ҳ̫С˹ˣ㣬ϲ˾ɳȥҵңû£ϲҲû˳йгؼƻ
ϲ£Ӣܺģʱ˹صʣȥϣһʱҲЦЦȴ˹ظ󣬸־á
˹ҲżЦˣŵ˵˻ѻⲢûʲôϵ̳ϣѻʱʵࡣ
ӢʱûֱӻشĻ۾ȴֱ˹̸չ£㶼˭˵ˡ
û뵽Ӣܻ⣬˹΢΢һ㶣û˭˭֪
ӢЦͶˣ˹֪ҵһзǳ˲ǣҲµòΪϲ˾غҲûбҪˣְֻвߡ𾴵˹鱨пŶȵĻҶҲ̫ʧˡ
˹صȷɵϲҵʹӢܼչйϲ£ȻûеõκεϢҲ֪¾ǷǳܵģҪǵõϢǶǴѶҲȫµʵԣӢһѪ˵˳޴˵ķӦȻЦģиϢҲòź֪ͨ㣬Ѿ»ˣҶͬת˾йĹȨҲ֪й˿ĹңҲг깫˾ʧȥй
Ӣ֪»һ޸ģ˹ش޳Ҳˣ˹һһʱ޷ȷǼ٣º¶ʧ̬֮װΪӣһҡͷһ̾Ϣϧϧ˹˵ʵҰĻתҵϰ壬ϰ廹ǳĸˣӦͣϲ˾ĽӴҽĻţҪʧˡ
˹ȻһѶģһʼ治˼
ӢҡҡͷνĿǵҲûʲôϵ˹Ӧ֪ϲйĵ겢٣չǣһﵽǵĿġ
˵⻰Ҳ˼ͣ˹ûʲô˼Լ̸ȥˣôչй¾޿ܣסԼ˵ô֤Ϻ껹ڶ̽ǵĶ»Ȼû˾йɷݵľ
ʱ˹Ȼû¶͵˼ȴ˵ʵ˵ϲҪɷݵģһǵľ߿ܻʧҪ֪ǼʳⲻãΪϼǿĶ֣ҵٶǷǳ˵ģҵõйӦյ֧֣һ㽲ǵȷƣǣ֪ϼѾʼزҶõʽǳ޴йĿǰҲѾʽתϵ⣬˹̵ĲǷΪʤĻᣬϲʱתȨǷǳǣǳǡ
Ӣ֪˹رȻҲ˽ĿǰйгĿǾԼĻһõͷвɵðһϲȴǷǳĵ˹ĻȻЩֻ֪һ֪
˹صŶĸ߼
ӢܵϼĿǰȷʽϵѣǣҲӦ֪йеӪҵȴڽڽǼʳУȴȻһһ˥ˣԽԽͣ˹ʵܲ˼ҲһЩҵǵй˾Ǹҵ˾ľӪ״Ƿǳɡ
˹ضʱһЦ⻰˭˵ģЦҿԺܸεĸ㣬ǹ˾йĵ꣬ٷ֮ʮЧ涼ǳãеĵȻʱ룬ڸƣԤйܹﵽ𡣡
ӢЦ˹ղ˵÷ǳã̳ϣѻʵ࣬ⷽĸ֣ܹ˵׼ȷ˵Ӧǰٷ֮ʮйӮٷ֮ʮĵڿɡ
һ˵ţһߴԼЯƤ淭һóһļݸ˹ص˹ϰ֮һݸҴͳеľӪ״оͰ곬У֪жٳ룬˹ͽ̡


 179 ̸У3
˹ùǸļֻɨһۣоһ˵ԣй˾ϣȻӢܸԼǷļգƣ֪˾Ļܱй¶ˣɽһ˰칫ϣӢһ֪ȥ̾һдúϸ
ΪļϵݣӢǩ֣Ⱥڼĺȥһٶ򣬿˵۲ơ˹ص飬׻еĵһߣӢһЦ˹йһǳĻ֪֪ˣսҵϰȻУܲ˽⵱ǰйе״йȻ֮һ
˹ʱֵбˡ
Ӣܵ˹Ҳû̸ЩҲûϣȻԵ棬˹룬Ȼò׼׼ЩļǴġ
˹ؼǷļȷõǴֽ֪ҪֽҲ׶ٵ飬һҺܺ棬չйȨ㸶Ǯ
Ӣܵ˹Ҳܺ棬תйĹȨҪǮ
˹ؼй겻ֱӻشԼȴ˷ʣһϳɵӣȴһԭصܲԺȷǿ˶»ᡣӢܼ˼չйȫȨ¸ڶ˵ˣйľӪ״һڶ֪ġ˵Ը֣̾ͷɣһۣͬԭӪȥԣԽԽһȴͬ⣬ԭΪȫ۾ͷܲ˿࣬гй꣬ȫ˳˾ԣܲ˵һֳ裬ܴĸӰ죬깫˾мĲڻϡ˸ּǹལһʱ£ȻҪΪ˾ܲüϯִйٵ˹˹ȴûȷر̬̽̽ӢܵĿ
µȻȤǾ»˿ڣٻҪʮԪģⲢҪ̵֧Ǯ
ӢǺȻʲôЦ飬ҡͷЦһŵ˹ȻῪЦǵĳģ󲿷ֻõڣʮԪй˵ʨӴ󿪿ڰ
˹صã۸ߣԸǮ
Ӣſ֣Ԫ
˹ضʱЦԪҲС깫˾˰ɣǵĹ̶Ͷǲ࣬ÿԱǹ˾ܻѪأǵҵĻһʲʮԪߡ
Ӣ͵ˣЩֶйͶʲԪǿԼù̵Ǯйװǣ˹ز޳ܣҹĺڣĻҲ˵ó
˹ص۾ԼӢ֪ڵԼĻӦЦЦ𾴵˹˵÷ǳеĻȷ޼۵ģ˳ʮԪչй깫˾𣬲֪۸ûкԡ
˹ҲԼ˸ߵ׵ļ۸񣬵¾ͽһյȻ۸ҲǾԵģȤҪһļ۸񣬶»ҲƷľ
˹˵⻰ӢѾµظ߲ԳйȨԥЦҡͷ˹㣬һᾡ콫йġ
˹صŶ֪ʲô
Ӣܵ˹йʼ£ҳ˿вϣ
˹޷⣬͵˵ͷĿǰ״ǲôã
ӢܵǺã˹̽ǰʮĴ̾飬һԤ⣬ΪйδǰΣ
˹Ѿ֪йǸǳ򵥵ƭ죬ֻᣬֻõĿǰ˵йδڵǰȷǺܺãֿܻ𣬵֮󣬾ͺ˵ˡ
Ӣܵ˾Ŀǰ˳йгԭ㣬һΪгǰڻ˸߶󣬻һܹաڶǺ˳йгȫǳĸӰ졣˹˵öԲԣ
˹ص˵ͷ˵õȷĹǡ
Ӣʱɳվߵ˹صİ칫ǰô˹һҵһЩļ𡣡
˵⻰̾ͺԥĵ˾йԶֻԻ͵ءĿǰгйѾ޿ɵռйҵͷϴصλһڼӿš֣Ӧ֪йĿǰйҪԸĵһĿ꣬ĵ꼸йĸ빩Ӧ̵ĹϵǵıƷӦ۶ǵͣ;޷йоģԽԽ
˵˹صɫÿҲ
ֵ⣬ĿǰйҵϷҲռ˾ƵģĿǰйΪ˱ҵ
мжҵûзſҲԻиƣζŹȥСֳɹؾ޷õйȥйȴӵиķչռ䡣ĿͻֿͻӰ쵽Ӧ̣йṩĻŻݣйоͻЩ쵶Ǽֿȥ˹㵱Ȼֻ֪ԳɹҲΪγ˴ģؼŲɹЩйͻйе𽥵Ľʸĳвʳ޷׳Լγвԣ˾ǰʵΣյúܣϾйس֮УƷҪռ󲿷ֵġ
ʱӢͣ˹˵Ļûе
Ļ˹޷ֻ΢΢˵ͷ
Ӣܵ˾˳йгӰ쵽ȫֻ˵һܿЦܲǵ뷨һӵĲˣΪ˱Ҳ᲻ǮԸֻһЩҩѹţǸȴԽԽԽԽ䣬Ϊ޷ܣòгȴѾ˴ؽǮҲӰ쵽Ľ˹ȳйһӣٲȥȵĿֻĵܲʽ𣬶ң˹ǵĶ»Ҳɣ뻹ҪйľʱΨһҲֻйˣڻ٣ֻ»ٵÿ𾴵˹߹˾ûӵġ⣬˹һ㣬ʱ߼һȫԵȵйҵ߷ſˣйггµپϾȫˣֻҪ빩̼ߵĹϵһĽڣǲܵӰ׵ģ˹ʵ˵Ŀǰǹ˾ĳ֣Ǹһܴ⣬ҲΨһǵѡҪ㲻úõİסźһڵġ
˹ڰ칫ϣӢܰͦص٩٩̸ıϿ¶ɫԵ÷ǳƽȴǲһ𺳣ʱѾʶһԼûĶ֣ÿһ仰ƺ޿磬õȷˣĸߴȵйˣһľʣʣһ߱ҲֻڽеһλԪϼ۵ƣʮˣˣ治֪ôģʵ̫ˡ
ӢʱֹͣԼ˵ǣ˹ĬĬš
˺һ󣬲˹سһ̾һˣĳɾǲ
ܹ˹˳޵ĻӢҲɷϵЩϲʱ侲˹ص˹Ǹǵˣ˵̫࣬ЦˣԼжϣǹ˾ֻԪҲĿǰйߵļֵҾͻʷٸйԸԸϤ㡣
Ӣ̬ܵԽԽǿӲ˹صİȴҲ᲻ˣΪ֪ԷѾú͸˵ȨԼжߣйȷпܻΪһӶԼ棬ԷԪ۸ȻߣѾ˹˾йͶʣԼ˵»ӦܹܣҴʱ˳йгԳ֮ΪսԵĳˣҪǱйлܣòͼ۽Ȩ۸ϼţǿǳΪĳˣй˵ģ˳һʱ䣬ֻҪӵõڹй֮пڱδʧҪٽ룬Ҳʲôѵ£ҲĿǰǵѡ񰡡
˼ǰ˹Ӣܣ΢΢һ̾ǲרΪйҶҪף㣬ɹˡ


 180 ɹ
˹⻰ӢŵһʯͷʱҪȴǿԿס˹ؿĵϲá
ʱ˹ֵԪҿ˵»ᣬܹϰ𣿡
Ӣܵͷԣ˹ҳȥһˣϻ
˹֪Ҫʾϰ壬һͷһʽ
Ӣ߳˹صİ칫ң¥һ֮ȴͨѩõĵ绰ȵѩ̵ѩã̸ϵϰ壬Ҵһ绰
ѩĿ֪һм£ҲʣӢܣһȡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣֻ¥ȴţ߰˷ңæͨˣֻϰȻűӢܣʲô𣿡
Ӣܵϰ壬Ѿܲ˹̸ˣӦԪйȫȨתøǡ
ʱϰ˵ģ̫ˣӢܣȻûʧԪҹƵ˺ܶ࣬û⣬̴ӦǮѾ׼ˣʱκʽ֧
Ӣ֪ļ۸й꣬ϰӦ⣬˹˵ģй곬еԱȷһʲֳɵĹ磬־ӪǱӢܼԼ¯ʵݶˣµ֪ˣϰ塣һ˹ǩúͬģ⣬ϰ壬Ҫйжֻǰǵʽǳ㡣סЩ̲С
ֻϰӢܣǮ㲻õģҲûҴ̵أֻҪͬһ£ȫԽв
ӢѾһŵļƻ´Ӧһͨ
ߵ˹صİ칫ңӢҲٹĥǣֱӵ˹ҵϰѾֹͣϲ̸Сʲôʱٿ»᣿
»ռһ롣Ѿ˹ȫȨ¡ȻûٴٿıҪҲӢһĳ䣬Ȼ۸Ѿ̸ãҲûʲôϵˣ͵ͬǿǩǮȴҪһԸ塣
Ӣܼ˹ҲɴͷǮû⣬ʱԴ򵽹˾ϡ
˹һʹĽеС㣬һˡ
һСͽ˹ʲôԸ
˹ص˾ҪйȫȨת۸Ӣܼţպ˾תۺͬһݳλһ
СԣҲв֮ɫӢһۣӦһͳȥˡ
Լ˶ʮӣСһļ˽ݵӢܵϵǹ˾뺫ٻ˾ǩسȫȨĺͬҸĶһ֣㿴вУ
Ӣܵлͽ˹ǳϸķţݺͬдüΪϸӺ˫һһгƶܺʱ̶ͬʱ򺫹˾ҲأӢܵʡ˲٣s
㿴˰СʱӢܲŷº̧ͬͷ˹ص˹ݺͬûʲô飬ֻһǩԼʽҪǳ¡أҪڶǼŵע⡣
˹˼ЦЦģ£ǹ˾ҲҪĽͣģйýģֻ֮ҪúԲ⣬ʲôʱʽǩ
ӢͶ֮ɡ
˹ص˵ͷãͶ֮ŦԼϣٴƵǩԼ
Ӣܼ˹شʱѾúˬ죬Ҳְºˮ磬վֵһΪ˹Ҿȸˡ
˹شӻͳһֻʽ˿Ѿʱˣ㲻ǹ˾زԶٷɡ
ӢҲ˾ƽʱôģЦŵ˵ͷǾ͹ˡ
˵Ż͸˹ŵݵʮ¥ܿ͵һͼ͵װΣԼİٸλʱ󲿷ֵλѾ깫˾ƷԱ
ʱӢܷһصЩԱ˹أֻЦŵͷк˹ҲʱĵͷԵ÷ǳС
ӢܵĲ죬˹Ц֪йǷǳע¼ϵģҶͬȵģֻǷֹһ£᲻Ĵڵġ
˹صĻӢܵʱѧйʷʱӴ˵ᳫءΪơ벻깫˾ѾﵽָĹ硣
ţ˹ѾӢܵһŲǰȡյĸ̡һԼţһȴӢܣЩͶѵأʲôԼѡ񡣡
ӢҲû뵽дȻô򵥣вɵһ̾ʵҲǹ鲻һ˽Чʣ档ƽʱ⣬й˽˼ʣ˼ҪһǳĻҪǹڼ򵥵дᱻΪ˵ġ
ȵ˸ԽʳС˹شӢһƫƧĵطò͡ҲûƵ˼ӢܵȻ
һȴ˹صǹ˾ʶ٣
Ӣ̵˾ǿҵ˾ǵҵĻǳãֵѧϰ
˹ֵһúõĿһ¡
Ӣܵ˹ʲô˵ɡ
˹ֵղѾ˵ˣһǳˣҷǳ㣬깫˾һǳ˲ŵĵطҲһܹչ˲صطϣܹǹͬҵ
Ӣܼ˹˵⻰ʱǳ棬ҲԵ÷ǳĳֿ̬֮вһҪľֻҲᱻ˹⸶ʵģ򶯡
Ӣû˵˹ֵ֪ϰ϶һʵҶҲʶǣ̨
˵⻰ֵǵнˮڸߣǴɲأҪʲôĴֻܸ˵깫˾ܹõó
Ӣʱҡҡͷ˹ⲻнˮ߲ߵ⣬ҺϰĹϵͨ˲ͬжǮҲ뿪ӢܼŵģҲԺ󲻱¡
Ӣһл˹صжʱ¶ǳʧɫҷǳҳϣȻҲ£һסֻҪԸ⣬ĴԶ㳨ġ
Ȼܼ꣬˹صʶ֮ҲӢĴж΢Ц˹ллĺ⣬ȷһֵ𾴵̽䡣
˹޷˵ͨӢܣ̾һʣµʳȫ£һ㣬ҲûзŹһգԽβʣ
ӢִܴŹˣûϰߵģ˹صӰ£Ҳ˸ɸɾȻһѧʳôҲѧڷܣƸҲͲԶˡ
ʵ˹أ˵̽ĿģˣԼʮ껹ȻϣҲӦѧһЩڱѧƷʡ
ͣӢȻҪˣ˹ȴһı֮״Խͳ˹˾Ĵ¥Ҫù˾ĳһӢܣӢлˣ֪˹Ϊʲô֪Ǿܵ¡
***********************************************************һ˹֮ϰ˵㣬aʡ
ʱڻĳڴ뻰ͲļߣĲ°֮࣬ǵŽӻ˶׷עۣʵڲ֪һҪôơ
ʱȴʾϴй546ΰѾЩ߶ʱɧ㼷ѹĵ˳ڴǵûıסش߳
һһŨױĨŮ˵Ĵʵ̲סˣץסһƴǰ漷ļߵֵܡ׼ɷ˭Ūôس档
Ǽ߼ȺعͷûĵӢܼŵӢܣ
Ǵ˶ʱһȻġһԭֲãֲãҽܹۿӢܡ
ʱԱߵŮ˲ؿϹӢ˭ĹʲôӰôû˵
Ǵ˶ʱһĲмҲ٣һ첻ǿЩ硣ǺͼѴ齫֪й̽ɳһˣģ˲˲𡣡
Ůһĵ̽ˣʲô˲ġ
Ǵ˵˵Ҳ֪ɡ
Ů˵Ȼ֪ڶôˡƽʱȫȥйУǵƷȫҺܶƷļ۸ҲҪһЩ
˵֪֪йȫȨѾչˣչ˾ӢܣӢܼŹȥʡЩСǰʱ䲻ȻûӢܼȴ䶯й̽ˣҼǵŦԼǩغͬ벻ôͻˡ
Ů˶ʱһҵعԹԣйеĳжˣǲǺǮӢжˣ˧˧
ˣһŭģ֪˧˧вǮôѵȥԵģ٣ҲͿ߰ӿŶķ˵Եġ
˵ŻǰȺ˸ˣˣӢܳˡ
˵ǿ쿴ӢԱߵ˭ýʷյֱ񡣡
̾˾ϲӵӦǣǣʷٸҵ조ӢôҲй
ȻӢͨչ¶ܹɫǹƥŪѵ㲻һʷٸǣӢܼҲһӰӹ˾׼ʲôĶˣʷٸ񻹴ûйջ񰡣ٺ٣ˡ
һŵ벻ʡǲԻȥһȴֳһӢܣΪһʱ
⻰һ䣬˵ʲôһʱѾˣʧ˺ܶ꣬ҿӢܲһʱӢչ꣬Ҫϼԣٺ٣褱Ѫ˵˭褣˭
˵ߣӢȻ֪ðģͻҸҶҲ꿡ܣܹöģ˵ЧѾΣСȥչҿȫɱͿŷɻƱûʲô治˶õġ
һȴҵôΪ룬ӢܺӢܼſ˵Ǻճôʵû׼ǾԲеģıΣǶûеλ𣬻УһӢܼζϼŵĳ֣һβֺ׼ռϷ磬ҵĹ۲ӢǸͷԵˣûʲôյ£һǲģҺǸӴΣܸоȱЩʲôӢܵĶֵġ룬ʵҲô
ʱһ˵λֵܣϼӢܼŵⳡѾˣ˭Ӯ˭䶼ûãһ߿ϷɣҿǶԽԽãǲиӽ
˵ţȺжʱˣȴӢʷٸļ˳ĻͲ˹ȥ


 181 1
Ӣܿͨҵĳ棬ȴǰϲЧҪģһԱߵʷٸҲѾһȺΧסˣĺӢѾ˾ųɵİգʷٸԭǵʵѾõֻ֤ǿ⾰أ˳ϸ̸ˡ
ʱȴѩáġպհ³ʮɹźӵĴӵ˹ѩȴһʻ
ʮɹźӺܿ콫Щ߷ֳߣѩðŻһ˹ȥװģһɷӢܣһֳӢ۰ĿһͷǺ˵Ӣܻһǣʱ˵ȻԣͶһЦӢܣӭ
ӢܶһЦȥ뷽ļ֣Щ߱պհ³һȺɹźȫ뿪Ҳ岻ͻʾЩɹźӲҪ³çǰһܣλѣлҶӢܼŵĹעԴҸȤ⣬ǻӢܴٿŷģӭҶμӡ
˵⻰ʷٸʷٸʲôҪ˵𣿡
ʷٸĳѾˣӢܵӢܣҵѣǹǰȷ˵ɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷһʽʷٸͣȥ˹˹Ӱѩõ˾͸ԼسȽʷٸ񰲶ٵõĸƵϢ
ʷٸͣѾǽӽҹ»صϣ˾Ϳųȥ
˹˹ӰĽ壬һ˾˾Ϳȫ룬̸ܵĹʲô
ѩҲûй˼ɣӢܵĻ§סľӣԼȶӣӢܱ
֮촽ŷֿӢϽáѩãСôˣ
ѩõѾϣѾûʲôˣֻҪУû⡣
˵ȴ΢΢һ̾
Ӣ֪̾ϢԵʣ͵ѩãʲô£
ѩȻӢܡ㻹ǵôϰ彻𣿡
Ӣβǵã˵ͷѩã޷ɵģϣҲҪٷˡ
˵⻰ΪѩûȰԼӴϰİţȴҲͷӢܣСȷǷǳУҪȥƭҲ
ӢܼѩõӣȻԼǰ˵Ҫѩý껰֪һ̸ЩʲôѩãС˵Щʲô
ѩúȻӢܣλСǲǶ޸㣿
Ӣһ˵أ֪ҵ¸ѩý˶٣ᷨ˵ڹȥע顣
ѩõӢܣ˵ʵǴϰĹϵ飬ҵλС㶼ôҼǮõһ˵ĸȴ߼ա
Ӣ΢΢һЦѩãСǲҲȰһ޸ˣ
ѩúܸɴĵ˵ͷЩҺλСദöܲС㲻ͣ̽ҵؿһҵķ䣬һᵽһ޸¡
˵ֶ˶ٵӢܣʱһû뵽õҶС˵ĻҲ뵽ˣСҪȢС㣬СֲСģ޸㣬ҲΨһһ·ǵĸҲôģҲҺĹϵ᲻ңСŻ̸ϣһ޸㡣
Ӣܳһ̾ʵСıԣǲԸôģһжΪõҸҵľˣҲһҷǳĹ
ѩҲͷĵĵǰСб죬ֺ޼ӣңҲܷ뷨ҲҲģǡǡ
Ӣ֪ǡʲô˼Ȼѩãûв´ϰһкܴĳޣͨҴСд䣬˵׷ɱ˵ܹ𣿡
ѩҲ״ϰұлⲻԹޣǸǳӢǴϰµĵһɱֻ֣Ҫд䣬ִɱģһĻҪӢܵϣЩദѾ֪ȱ˵Ĺʵһسŵ˵֮صӿȪ౨ԸҪȥƭһŮѾѣҪȥƭһо֮ŮˣǶȻǾܵ顣
һˣѩöʱżӢܣ֪¶ǳѣҲ֪ôȰ㣬׼ôϰν
ڴ£ӢˣһЦѩã㲻õģһϰػģҵȷ޷ҪôãҲ޷˵
ѩ뵽µĺжʱһµòӢܣҪǴϰǿֲӣǸô죬Һ¡
Ӣܸļ磬ӵڻ´ϰɱңǲǣ
ѩĻĵ˵ͷһ
Ӣʱ˸һּ֮⣬ѧãʵҲ̫ģӢܼҪ죬ϰ廹ңѵ߳һ٣ҪҪҵҲ޻˵һһǶԴϰĶǱˣպصҹҵĶľţɡ
ѩ˵þȻһĺ£ӿʼ΢΢ǲ֪ӢܶԴϰǳãϰһϲˣ˵ΥԼʲô
˴ʱѩҲʼоΣϰԼӢЩˣҲҪ£ʵһֽһֱãȥû룬ֻһй˳ģԸȥ룬ڣȴ˲ò룬ϰĶжء
֮УѾ˱˳ͰƤ䡣
ûߵ¥µĴͼЦӭ˳ֵܹӢܣڻ
ӢЦŶ˵ͷȻߵǰС㣬˺𣿡
ߣ㶼˵ˣ㻹ڽС㡣
ӢܼһȻЦݣȻԸһ죬ЦЦ档
ˣ¶ɬ֮ɫչһЦˡ
뵽Լ˴΢΢һ졣
˵˴ɳˣȴȻӢܣƭˡ
һƭ֣Ӣܵжʱһɵᣬôƭˣ
Ŵ۾˵һˣȴû뵽йչˣⲻƭʲô


 181 2
ԣæã˭˵ӢӢƭˣ˵ȥҲû˵ʲô£ѵͲչꡣ
Ҳǹ˵ģŽĻ̸Ц㣬ҷӢܻ˺񶼱ˣ˵
ԴӵõӢܵǸʵ仯ǷǳģȻ£Ѿˣܷǳǿ˼ȴǳͳټ϶ӢӡͷǳãʵĵλģԵʱʯжĶʹ࣬ô˶Ůһ֮Լǽ⿪һϴ˼Ӣ׽һԵӢܵľܾŻôʧû뵽ڶ˾ͻת⣬ʱԼøһʯӢܸһ̣ѾԭҲΪ˶ٺҵѩ̸ѩҲԸһӢһĸļͥ޷ıľģҲ˵֮ϰˣӢҲپܾôͼΪԼϹ
뷨һֱУһ뵽Ӣܣŵ͸˳ȷһֵԼȥˣҲûңЩԽԽ᳦ӿǸϵʯҲ֪˶ٱ飬ʱӢܡȻȥЩͬˣ뱻һԵƣʱɬҧ촽ȥŤ죬Ͳͣضš
ѩü˾֪ϽһлҪӢܵ˵ӢܵӢܣ¥ȥʰһû
Ӣ֪ԼƤѾȥˣ͵˵ͷѩϽЦʾ⣬Ȼ¥
ʱ¥µӶѾȥЪϢˣֻʣӢϽá
Ӣ뵽Լչй꣬òܲϼŵ֧ҵչҵ档ᡣԲչй꣬ҲǼҵܴĳͻϣǲҪҡ
⻰һۣ㣬㿴Ҷ˽Ӣܡ֪Ҫô˵
ӢܣһЦӢܣʵصûκαҪģҲ͸˵ֻҪ㲻ҵĳˣʲô⣬ôҾûϵΪйһܹѳֵģӢܳйоҲǺģҲ֤ΪʲôҪ ˵ͣסˣʱ㣬ô㻰ֻ˵һ룬ȫ˵Ӣܣʵҽ㻹˵ϲؾһԼҵˣְһ㹻ǿ󣬸Ҳ㣬ǰְֺȻҲֻ㣬˵Һͽˡ
ӢܼʹͷԼһ飬֪һԭҲֻܹǵȫвӿһů棬һΪѵõĺùﰡ
ʱֵιӢܣ¿ǵôˣС˵ͨ㲻֪Ϊ㣬Ҳ֪жί
Ӣܾ֪Ҫ£Ҳ֪ãʱ˿̣޷𸴣Ѿϰͨú̸һΣʵڲһ˰ڲӣ»ԤغҲôѹȥõĹԼ޷һпҪȥ˺ǵļˣ첻ĵȷȷ޷쵽
ѾҲȥˣŶɳŵϽõ棬ᣬٸһʱ䣬һ죬һ£ұܻشǡ
һʱʲôҪһ죬Ӣܣ㡭̫ûг˰ɣŶ֪ˣǲǻбŮˡ
ӢһĬ֪бԵʣãӢܵãӢܣǾ͵һ죬סһ֮㻹ûд𰸣Һþͻıؼңٲ档
˵⻰վ¥϶ȥȴԳһְȻ̬֮
Ӣ֪֮ԼҲһĸı䣬ȻѹǺǻٲôƵˣзһ̹Ȼɣ¥
ңȴѩûڽԼƤĶóţҵڿ㣬ԡҳ˸Ȼɵ˴ϣʲôҲû룬ͳ˯ˡ
һҹʱ·գ۶ȵӢʱѩþڴϴԼݴ㲡ȦЩף·һҹδ˯
Ӣ§ѩõѩáôˣô˯
ѩõػƺѾ˺ܾãӢ˵æӢܣӢܡˣ㻹ǲҪϰ˵ܹһɱ֯;ԲһĴˣȻã֪Ѿˣ벻㡣ʧȥؼֵԼͻǳΣˡ
Ӣ뵽ԼһҹҲһĸжؾ£˭޷ıģʲôҲû˵ȥȻ´ϴȥˣѩøôáҲ˽Ը֪ȰҲûãк֣ȴҲòϴױ׼ϰࡣ
ϣ¥ùͣӢܾȥʷٸ齵ĸƵ꣬ѾŷЩȫʷٸ񿼲죬ⷽ˵Ǹͨͬʷٸٺòйʲ㼰빩̽˹سŵһãĿǰ費
ѩÿӢܴã˽ܲð칫ңӢܷԸС㲻˽ţɳϣѩõѩãҰͨϰĵ绰
ѩȻӢܵĻٳûжֻĵӢܣӢܣٿǿǣ˼У绰Ҫһ򣬺ڿɾ
ӢܵѾǵúˣҲڣѩãϴͨ
ѩĻѾԳ˲ΥþûˣֻͳֻԥŰͨ˴ϰĵ绰ȵͨˣ˵ϰ壬ӢҪͨ
ɹһŽֻݸӢܡ
ӢܽӹֻݡιһϰñӢܣݻȥɣˣˣıֳҶܺã㲻ҪΪĿǰĳɼҪϼţֻ˵һɹԶ𣿡
Ӣܵϰ壬ҵȻףչ꣬ʵǱУпʵ䷴ù˾ܾ޶Ŀ𣬶൱ڰйвйľ֣׳󡣡
ϰһȻӢܣ֪ЩãҶԽԽˣʲôҪֻܸǡ
˵ֵˣӢܣһҪ㣬ǾѾͷҪʹʹֶΣ˵Ӣܣ֪ܴҲǸͷȻؾϾһŮˣŮȱǻˣ㲻ʧģסĿǰҪ񣬱ȴϼŻҪ
Ӣȷϰضϼܲȥĳˣµϰ壬Ҫ˵¡
ǴϰƺѾӢܿԣôˣӢܣǲʲôˡ
Ӣܵǣϰ壬һ㣬ƭ£ҵľˡ
ǴϰԣʱЦˣӢܣˣһɱ֣һѪɱ֣ҪκиģҪֻĿ꣬Ŀ꣬㶮𣿡
Ӣܵϰ壬ҲӦ֪Lʱɱ˴һüͷǣһ棬Ҳɱһûи飬ϰ壬ܲҷҴӦ㣬һµġ
ȴϰȻУӢܣɣҲɡ
ӢϰĿǳǿӲҲǲ죬һϰ壬˵һɱ֣һѪɱ֣ҪκиģԲԣ
Ǵϰ㣬ҪΪˣӢܣ벻Ѿͷ飬ⲻӦԸ񡣡
Ӣܳһ̾ϰ壬ϣҳΪˣʹˣر֮ǲôģһֻѪɱ֣Ҳɲʲô򡣡
Ǵϰû˵һŵӢܣܺðڲһҶѾ˼࣬ôӲˣҪˡ
Ӣܵϰ壬ҲǸ˼ֻҪ㲻ȥƭ棬ôС
ϰһҪôء
Ӣܵҵȷûɣϰҵ񣬶ҸԸܴϰĴ
˵⻰ʱѾһ˭ˣҲ֪ٸıˡ


 183 Ӣܵ1
Ӣһ⸧ϰȻܴĵӢܣôûϢΪҵŮΥҵҵֵ𣿡
ӢѾϰǳѾȥˣҲϰ壬ΪֹûԼгϢΥҲΪҵŮΪԼԼ
ӢôԴϰ˵ͽѩúɫ԰ףΪҡͷʾǧҪ嶯ӢȴӶ
ǴϰûϵӢܾȻôײԼֳĬ˺һ󣬲ŵӢܣڳˡ
û뵽ϰĿȻתͣһ˵һ仰ӢҲһ㶣֪ôش
ʱֻϰֵӢܣ֪֪ǲܺҵŮиģ˶ԣΨ㲻С
ӢԽԽ棬ɵΪʲôΪʲôҾͲܺҵŮи飿
ϰֵ浱ȻԭӢܣ֪Լ𣿡
һ⻰ӢܶʱһһΪԼLЩʧսеĺһǸ¶ϰ⻰ȴƺ˵ûиףʱϰ塣ѵ֪ҵĸĸ˭ҡ
ϰڵ绰̾һӢܣұٴꡣپһЩĥŸ㣬û뵽ĳɳٶȳҵ񣬺ðɣҾͰһи㣬ȻԼôԴҡӢܴӴϰԼйأʱǼε֪æϰ壬ɻ
ǴϰӢܣ㲻ɻʲôطһɻء
˵վ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣܷµ绰ȴǲסϾṲȻԼȻһ𺳶˷ܵϢǹ¶Ҳиĸ𡣻úòãһеһУе֪һ̶ܵȴ
ѩѾӢܵĻϽӢܣôˣǲǴϰҪǺ°
ӢɳϡֻʱԴһƬհףֻǵѩãúɽϡ
ѩü̬Ҳ顱Ŷһʹųȥ߳ܲð칫ңͼɴҴҵ˹ǴϰѾ绰֪ͨ
ɽݣӢ̴ɳϵ˸һץסɵһֻ첲ɣȥϰ壬Ҫ̼
ɱʹˣӴܣһϰղѾ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ӢʶźɵЩأæſãߡ
˵ž;ٲǰȥɾš
¥ӢܾҪͣȥȴɵܣ㲻ÿϰﲢԶ
⻰Ӣһʲôϰ
ɵ˵ͷϰһֱû뿪ˡ
˵⻰Ľֵȥ
һе͵˴ֵĶ棬߽һӢܴõĴ¥һݣʮĵť
֮У͵ʮ㣬Ӣһͳ˳ȥһȣŶǷţʹɣϰǸ䣬
ɾȥȻһ⣬
Ƿžʹˣȴһʮ꣬Ӷ˴긾Ů
Ӣ˽ȥʱͼ˸Ŵϰһɳϡ
źӢܽվϰط䣬Ӣܣһ˽ȥ
ɾһŵķָָܣϰȥɡ
ӢԣҲֱǵ⣬š
£洫ϰñӢܣ
Ӣһšű˽ȥȴһǳķ䣬ûпƣҲûҹĺڰֻʵļǰ״һӰԼԿǳ
֪ӰǴϰˣӢҲ̲סϰ壬ˣԸҵ˰ɡ
ǴϰȻñӢܣ㵽ȻһУӲһֱǳ侲ô
Ӣûлشֻϰ壬ҵĸĸ˭ǻڲڣǲԡ
ʱֻϰ峤һ̾ӢܣĸѾˣֻһǳĵĸס
ϰĻشӢܻʱһҵĸѾȥˣҵĸ׻ţҪȥ
ǴϰֵӢܣҸղŲѾ˵ĸףһǳĵŮˣСͽһӵĻΣյְҵѵ𣿡
ӢܺԥĵȻʲôܣֻҪܹҵĸףʲôܡ
ϰֵô˵ѾԭǸĵְֲĸôúһٻشңǼġ
ӢҲ֪ȥĸʲôнԼϰģһжҪˣҪҪԼĸף׵׵֪Լ֪ԼLˣйˡ
ԭȻԭʲôҶԭ˵
ʱǴϰѾúˣãӢܣǰʮ
Ӣܾǰʮʱ͵ǺӰߣȴӰƺһͷǸŮˣһһ죬ƹʱˡ
һӢܶʱǰϰ壬ֻʮ£Żɫȹͷ߸ƤѩףüӣЩŵӣڱúã۽ֻһβƣţǸţ̴󸾡ԱߣȴһСһ̨
Ӣ뵽ض·ʵĴϰ徹ȻһŮˣһʱ֮䣬Ҳ
ȻȴǴϰԼȴŰϧ֮ɫܶҶԲ㣬Сܿˡ
һ䡰ܶӢǻһ𣬲㡭㡭ĻȴôҲ˵
ʱǴϰȴĵ˵ͷܶҾ衣
ϰĻһӢܶʱ׺䶥ĴͷһڵĿˮ裬һ˵İֿĳƺһСʱ򿴼ĺӽкҪĳƺôȻһ벻˿˵ģֲܲţϰûбҪƭԼ˭ֻһĸ׻ĵĽԼĺӷһӵĻΣյְҵʵ̫˼ˣҲ̫޷ˡ


 184 Ӣܵ2
ϰ忴Ӣܴľ飬̾һҲ¶ޱ֮ɫǴŵƣȻҲỨվűԼ߳һͷӢܣȥϸŵӣңĸװ
ȻӢ⻰Լ˹һͣҡͷȴ˵
ʱǴϰѾ֪ܶܶԲ㣬ǡҲûа취
ӢشЦһ˫۾Ų뱯˵۾ûа취ûа취˭ĻĸӣΪȣأѵҲΪ𣬴ϰ壬Ҫȥƭ棬ҲòϷļٻɡ
Ǵϰʱȴָ侲ĬĬ˻ȥ˵ͷ֪֪ܶǲŵģӣҸ˵һ¡
ӢܼԱһľʣȥһˣܹжµٵġ
ǴϰӣӦң֮󣬲Ҫ̫
Ӣ֪˵ԼйأҾ򵥡һͷãҴӦ㡣
ϰһ۾ƺڻʲôȻʮǰdʡһԷ򸾣еԣǳͣŮݣͻݣ˿һСݡⲻȻ˵ϴ󸻴󣬵޶Сȴۣһϣ׼ŻؼңȴһˣúӢ˹˹һѧϵ·ȴѾǳˣҪ档 ܿͳ˸⡣ʵʱȴͲǮԵļǸ԰ʳģǮ뿪˲뿪˵ԬһѧݺΣѾѧУˣûؼңԵˣϵ֤Ҳˣ޷ģ֪ôãʱ
˶ֵԵĳͺãģȻû֤ǸˣѾУȷҪһ֣ʹӦԬ֮أȻ򸾸м㣬ǳڿ죬ֻֽ⣬⾹ȹȥҪЩˣټͺ𣬺˵ϲ£Եķ򸾾ͰԼֵһ㣬·ӶԵϴġҾһһ
˵ϺȻֳ˱֮ɫҲʼˣ硭һ죬ȴˡ
ϰʱ˶٣ƺԸ䣬һŵԵȻǸ¶һУһŵͼһ˵ԵͶ·ʱ򣬲ܴУǵͼϵĵַһǳǳصĵطȥĶԸıһһˣƥ̰ڶ࣬򲻿¶ǰԵʵ̫ˣ̫ˣһξ֮󣬾Ǳ˳ԬĿϵ˵ˣȴ֪⵽һ
ӢܴʱѾµԵؾԼĸף֪ض˷ǳҵ飬ҧʲô
ϰ۾ʱɫԽʹ࣬һϣҹѾˣԵķ׼˯Ԭȴһţ˵ǳգоǰ;ããԵȾƣԵļʹӣȻ᲻ӦѾеŮȥŪˡڳˣɷ򷢳һҽУæܳȥȴɷѪڵϣԬȴһѵڲͣĵѪ
ʱϰˣԵӿ龰ʱɵˣȻع׼ˣԬѾѵԵӲϣݺݵв˵кһɱˣԵӶӻкӣȻҽУֻԬķŹԼһжȥԬĲҪǵֽ𣬻رҪԵӽǱóԵӶһһհˣԬȫǸޣҪ·˵ϲˣԵӱƴ뵽ĺӣˣԬļ˰
ӢѾµ˴ţֻĻգѾҧø졣
ֻϰԬ֮󣬻ϰݣնݳԵһɱˣԵӷֲԣ͵͵ڵϼһ鱻ƬȻԬؿڴ˹ȥʱ˺ܳһڣԬĻûзӦһΧӶԬģһߴȣԬʱҲ񣬲£ǮǸҴˡ
˵Ѿ£ӢܲҾԵӶĺӣǲǣ
ϰ̧ͷ˵ͷ
ӢܺȻĿһǸԬԲԣԬĻ
ϰֵ˵ͷ·󣬵ԵӾͱ˾˵һɱ˷ûʲôְֻ̫֮࣬׷顣Եûа취ֻȻصңһк
ӢܴʱѾˣֲԼСܵڲͬѵֲù˾ӢܼţһеһжǰŮڰŰʱһ̾δйʱ˳ȻȻϰֱֱĹȻһ衣
һдûнйĳƺʱɬֱˣȻ̫ʣףԼǸӣôĸ׵һ޷ֵġ
Ӣôһֺһ衱֣ǴϰʱҲλ϶סŵܶܶ費ã̫ģ㲻Ҫ衣
ĸڵϱͷʹãӢܲһĨᣬһ߽ȥ裬ô֪Ԭľġ
ϰܶݣһ֣Դӳ֮Ҿʹ⹫żﶼȥɡһ֮Ҵ㵽¥棬ȻһӰҴҹǳǸԬģæȴ¥֪һȥ⹫żҡ
Ӣֽ֪һҾ磬ȭͷ۾ƺҪѪ裬ܺߣΨһĿ֤ˣԬһ¶ȻҪɱ㡣
ݷ˵ͷʱʲôôõЩôõ»ôײеˣԬ¥æ绰˾Ԭĺܿ¥Ĵ˺һ뿪ұ˼ңʱɵˣ⹫ȫڵϣϻµӡȾʱѾûˡ
Ӣըһ㣬ŭɥĲҲŹ


 183 Ӣܵ3
Ӣܵŭݷҧгݵĵ⹫ҷҪⳡѪ𣬵Ԭıʹһ䷿ҲûкͱϵҲ֪Ԭľ޶Ҳ֪ҪǱȵ컹ѣһڱֽϾȻԬģ֪ԬѾһˣٺԽԽҲԽԽ󣬲˵һҵŵͼָĵطʲô츲صı仯
ôһ˵Ӣܶʱǲ˼飬˿ֲ޺޵һ˲˼
ݷȻ֪ԬıĿҵȻҪȥָ֤ǵߵһ֪һǰе֤ѾĪȫˣҳָ֤Ҳ޷
ӢҲֻ֪߹ϵҪ֤̫ˣ뵽ױɱĸױ裬⹫Ҳûӹ֣ǻߣҲ̲ס˫ȭ۾ҪγѪҧø죬һһٵҪѪծѪѪծѪ
ݷѾȫεƺҲҪض־һԲйš
ӢܱãĻع衣ôLôڡӡ
ݷܶ˵
Ӣһͷ˻ȥ
ݷ֪ķ޷һŮӡ޷ɱҷģܶĴ۶Ҫ𣬵ҲףҪԼ߱ǿʵҵʱѾ޷ġⶼ޷ĵزʱиϢ˵ȥL׷ƣҵԸҹȥˣ㣬һ͵ɵL
ʱݷȴһ̾L֪Ҫ﷢ơףҴˣҲֻŮ˵Ӹ׬Ǯ
Ӣ˵ʱ֪жʱһʹ˫ȭʵû뵽Լĸ׻ĥѡ
ݷּЩ˰͵ɴйŮ˷ΪȣеȺµ͵ԺҵĳãЩ˶Ҳرգһ衣ר˽һױLԣһ죬ǰ͵һطиܺ׳ˣҵӱ裬ͶԲ֣ҲѾɾ֪׳һ򵥣ҲұϣԶӭϣһ֮ͷŲңҹȻɹˣǺ׳˴͵ɿң֪Ǻ׳˽̩ᣬȻLһҷǳǳǮûãLϱս̩սûþͱˣŶӵģֻңƲûҵķݣ̩սʱ뵽һУͨߵˣһŶֵֻ֮һĲƲȴõֵܼ֮ﵽʮԪ
˵Ŷӣһ٣ֵһҹ̣̹֮ȥйɱȥɱ֣ȥ޻أѶҵһһ׳ʶƾԼҵǷݵͼõĶһԶԶĳңУһΪ˲꿡ţʲôܳɹʱҿʼ侲뵽㣬ȻԼҵĶнյĳɾλΪʲôҵضӲܹ˼һҹ¶Ҫһâ䣬ԽһеǿߣҲ֪ԽĻУԶﵽҵҪģпܳΪһµӵܣ̩ɲ඼Ǵɱĸ֣ҳ˳Ѫ飬㽻ˣǾѶȻѡ˰¶ʲĺһ𳤴󣬵ǣȴѧĶ㡭
ŵֻܶѧɱ֣ΪһɱʵǾ߱ǿߵʵģ򾲡ġᡢҾͷˣ̼˵Ŀٳɳȷʵûʧһж÷ǳãһ㣬һֱΪ㽾
˴ݷӢ촽˶û˵ѾµʵĻ϶ʱȻܶԹģһֱôΣյľУв⣬ͻǲǣ
Ӣܵȷôģû˵
ݷ̾һ֪ܶ費ԣԴְֱɱҡҲ֮ҵľͿʼӲˣټ⹫ŵѾ׸ıԸɱ֣ȻǳΣգÿһжҶѶһĵĸǣв⣬ʱӦܶҾӦߵֻ֮䣬˵ǱܲŻᱻܶҪΪһǿˣҲֻðˣ̫ҪӮͱ벻ͣĥԼΣգҲϧ
Ӣĸ׵ȻҲĳޣֻԼ֪ԼЩɱеĵȷȷջ񼫶࣬û֮ľѧᣬҲ᲻ģһ˵ĸ׵˼·ǳɹģɹҲҪۣôܹϷ£κһŮ˷ˡ
ʱȴݷͨһ绰ȻѶѾһиܶ˵ˣСˣǸ˵ɡ
˵⻰ͽֻݸӢܣܶѶ˵ɡ
ӢܴСǸѶģӢ˵ʦุӹֻաιһѶӢܣҪ裬һУΪΪǿˣע̫ûд
ѶĻӢѾ޻ɣвĸԼϵðգֻǵѶ¶櫶𣿡
ѶִһǳҪ񡣡
ӢܺѶ֮˵ϻһͽֻøĸס
ݷӹֻʵѶҲõ˶ˣ
ѶֻǶ˵ӣͼݷãҪһҪ֤ҵļƻܹ˳С
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣܼĸ׵֮дһɳ֪֮򵥣жʱ¶裬εΣܲð¶˳
ݷеһ衱Ե÷ǳȻǾ˵ѾԭԼˣ϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫУ¶Ѿڿʼִ񣬲˳ˣܶһжΪ㣬˵ҪΪǿˣһûڲҪΪʲôʱһġ
Ӣֻò£ʵ裬һֱL𣿡


 183 Ӣܵ4
ݷûٴL̩¸һܴѣԭǿŮ˵ģҿʼ磬ʶЩرǮĳ̣ȻҺʵĽ飬ʮҽλ飬ÿһζԵõʮԪϵĲƲ
Ӣһһλ飬ǡ
ݷʱȻֳ˺ıҽλ飬ҲιѸҵɷ򣬶Ҳ¶ۼĺġ
ӢȻѾµĸ׿˵ҲЩ
ݷȴܶЩҲ㣬Ҫ֪һҪɹͱѧ飬һҵˣҲһҪĺ
˵ӢĬĬֵܶĸҵҺܸˣǣһȱ㣬ǾǺȥĸһһĳˣ㸸׾ΪģŻңϣûʲôõġ
Ӣĸ׵Ļ뵽ԼһҵΪǱģҧ裬˵ˣ֪Լô
ݷҲ¶֮ɫŵ˵ͷܶͶˣסҪκ֪ȱ㣬˵Ǿͽء
Ӣ뵽ԼϽõ龰ǵȷ˵Ǿһ˵ͷ
ݷʱֵ˵𣿡
Ӣܲ˼ĵһᣬʲôֶΣҶҪҵä
ݷĵ˵ͷֻܶҪһ£һɹġ
Ӣ뵽ĿɾĿɰӹһ˿Ȼ뵽ԼһµѪһ˿ȻܿʧӰ١ȡ֮һӲĳֻĬĬķģҵļңҲҪģҲҪ㣬бӦԼҵĶҪʹΪعȥܹĴۡ
ݷӵĳĬʱ˵ĺ⣬֪ڷı䣬ֵܶ۲ǾȲҲ̫ࡣҪʱڴϼţ뿴һλ쵼ߣıҲ⣬һļƻҪԸˣһΪǧҪСġ
ӢղŻϵĸ˵⻰ʱ΢΢͸η֮ɫ뵽һǱˣк𣬵裬ġǲçײģҾԼҵسһҪһҪǰ
ݷǾͺã䡣֪ͨңԼҪж㲻Ķ֣֪𣿡
Ӣܴĸ׵Щ֮⣬֪ôģ֪Լĸ֮ʱȻӿĽ֮顣
˭֪ݷ̬ȴֵͷܶͶˣһҪѧղУҪǣܳɾʹҵ
˵⻰ֵŮˣԲȥܾкܶ࣬ȴҪ÷ִ磬ҪӰ쵽κε˼άſ죬֪֪ѩΪѡģҲûݵظ㣬ŮӺܲŮӣ㰮˭ͺ˭˭ҵϱȴҪͬ⣬𣿡
Ӣܴʱޣ̫࣬͵˵ͷ
ݷƺӢܴ̫ãһֵãȥɣʲô£ֱӸҴ绰ﲻˡ
Ӣܼĸ׿ʼĮҲ΢΢ᣬҪתȴҲشǰһ߱ԶŵķӦþӢܴõͣԼÿ°඼Ҫһĸ׵۾һֱԼƺȴŬؿ¶жʱһȣѾǸˣ΢һ˼֪ĸһҪԼӲĳΪһ̫еˣֻõ裬ˡ
˵⻰һʹȴû˿ͣȻĸԼעôѪô;ĸʧһҪһǿģõҲԼȱˡ
߳ĸ׵ңɾ͸¥ȥ˵ϣӢܵɫԣүִϰ壬һжΪ㰡
ӢһҺĺɵɣʲôʱģ
ɵжʮˣʱL⣬ȴͨУҵĲƲȫûˣһҹؽ˼ǴϰȵңˣүСʱһֱϰѶ㱧ȥ
Ӣ֪ĸΪʲôκɣû˵ʲôȴһң桢ᣬ벻һ޲ĸףȻǳףһ޹أǣ뵽Լҵĸ׵ĳ裬޷ӿְˣʱУеֻǳޣһĳޣͣȼѪĳޡ
ܿ͵˰칫ңѩ˫ֽ߶ϳ˽뵣ǣӢܺȻˣҰȻʱ¶˾ϲ֮⣬˹Ӣܣˣôϰô죿
˵⻰ȴӢ֮æֵӢܣǲǱϰˣûϵģϰԲôӢܣ㡭㻹մϰķԸɡ
ӢʱѩãӦңʱ䲻ʲô£ʲô㶼ҪΪʲô
ѩӢܵɫҲ֪ڶ̶̵ʱʲô£ϰΪʲôڸָ˵ʲôһжҪˣֻҪǰܹȫʹĵ˵ͷӢܣģʲôҶ֧ģԶ֧㡣
Ӣһ˰칫ϣ˫ŵһǣҲ棬ȴ˵
ѩüӢƺڳ˼ʲôȻȴЩԾ˫оһɱҲʲôҲʡ
ʱȴ칫ϵĵ绰ˣӢȴСģֻܣҶٻСĵܵܽСҶˣҪҪǡ
ӢʱҶٻԼһ绰˵ҪҪ˵ҶҲӦ˾ģ͵ǽ
һͼűɫvȹϵŰɫҶٻˣֻźܽ޵ױ۵΢΢͸Щӣ˫峺Ĵ۾ԶôˣҶ𻪡
ӢܣҶٻû˵Ҷ𻪴ҿϴڼˣϴһ㣬ȻɵɵģҾǻʶӢۣ֪һǸǳ˲벻еĻǣⴱ¥ͿԻסˡ
ѩû뵽ôһððʧʧûʲôĻ˵ʲôˡɵɵģüͷʱ


 187 ¶1
ҶٻܵܵĻҲæܣôûûصģں͹ȥһˣҪܣܣ㶮𣿡
Ӣܼһ˵͵ĺеĸоһеѩһֵС㣬ȳȥ
ѩõ˵ͷҶٻһۣ߳ܲð칫ҡ
Ҷ𻪵ѩһߣܵӢܵİ칫ǰҿϴ󡭡ܣ˲ð鶼ôƯ
˵⻰һ۰Ҷٻֵ˵ʵϽôһ
Ҷٻһ£죬ܣʲôʱܹʲôطΪڼӢܣҪǻ˱ˣ罫ȥˡ
Ҷ𻪶ʱҪǻ˱ˣһֵط˲ڡ
ӢҶȻһȻǽѡװģһ޳ӣ֪óһѹסɢ˵ֻ꣬Զĳ󣬾ͳҶ𻪣̧ͷͦأվá
Ҷ𻪲ӢܺȻôһһɫЩˣʱһϽվֱӣ˵ˡ
ҶٻֵӢһۣƺԹ˵ܵܣȻܣ˵Ұѵܴܵ˵еҴˡ㰲һŰϴҼǵ˵ǵװ˾Ŷľѧϰ
Ӣܱ׼Ҷ𻪰ŵľģҶ𻪻⸶ûϢӡʱ֮͸ı⣬칫ϵĵ绰ͨˣȻպհ³㵽ҵİ칫һˡ
Ҷˡ
ûãͼպհ³ϰ壬ʲô£
ӢָָҶ𻪵СӴӽĲˡúҹ̹ܽܽ
պհ³Ӣܵᵽ˼Ҷ𻪡 ͵˵ͷϰ壬ͷİɣͰˡ
Ҷ𻪼Լһͷһպհ³оǡ顱ֱ̲סϡԡܣҵ׵ʲôŰ
Ӣܵպհ³Ǳزһжˡ
ҶһʱʲôҵУУҲϲ㣬㲻˵ҪҰһǰ;ܺõĹ𡣡
ҶٻҲǸŮӣ֪ܾܵǵϣʱҲµӢͨպհ³ĥһ⵹һ⣬Ҳ˵͵ܣڹңŰɣ˵ӢܼŵнˮҲͰ
Ҷ𻪴ҾͲ㣬ӢܸҵǮҪȥһɣܱȸ˴ǿ
Ҷٻܣ˰ɣֻ֪ʲôأЩǮҪ˶þͻᱻ⣬˵ֻҪٴЩ˻飬ǮǻģڿɲС
ӢܼҶ𻪻Ҫ֣͵պհ³ѸҴߣҪҹסˡ
պհ³˵ͷģϰ壬СӴһнˮ
˵žҶһ۵ߣǲһнˮ
ҶԼ˵Ŀһнˮȴ㵽ͷˣвɽײĵӱͲɷպհ³ҷŰƨֲ˵ֻøȥ
ݳ˰칫ңҶ𻪶ʱʲôպհ³˵һȡ
ȻܻվеҶٻߣضϽ㣬ɵȫ飬Ҫʩ˼ƣҵĽ򣬰ҴȳǱι˵ʮؾɣôƯֳˣҾͲŴɵĹ
Ҷٻܹ˵ԼͶǱؼʧܸգĻɫʱκһƬһµҹҶ𻪣㣬ú÷Ӱţ£ǲ˵ġ
ҶҪ죬뵽㲻ϽݸӢܿģϽ᲻Լһ뷽跨Լڹ˾ģҪܹһСֵмƯ
Ȼһóĳȥ˺Ȼ̸ҵˬޱȵ¡
ºϵĵǣǣϽ㣬һúø졭Ǻú÷ӰţҵС
˵žһ̵˳ȥһ칫ҵŹˡ
Ҷٻŵܹܵţɵýһ̧ͷȥӢܣȴɫЩԣ촽򣬾Ҫɱ˵ӣвɵáͻͻһֵܿӢܣôˣ˾ǲǳʲô£
ӢûлشֻҶٻϴڵ绰˵ҪҪҽʲô£
ҶٻʱȴŤҡҡ
Ӣܴʱ鱾ͷǳɴҶٻûбʲôˣʲô˵ġ
ƽʱϣûֿҶٻ˵ҶٻôһףȦʱͺˣһĺǿĹҧ촽ᣬ
ӢҲҶٻ飬뵽ղŵĿЩݣһԶˣʩ˵ĵܿͻָǣվߵҶٻߣŻҶٻԲ𣬸ղҵĻ˵ʲô£͸˵ɡ
˵žָָɳ
Ҷٻ̬ı䣬вźЩĬĬɳϡӢܾĶ¡
һ󣬲ҶٻӢܣңҲƬˡ
⻰һҲĳӢܵϣ׼ƴ۵ҪЩŲµĹȥ֮УҲϣܹǵģȴһƬ˵Ļ
ӢʵΪʲôҶٻƬܵǣǳ֮⻹Ǯⲻȥ𣿡
ҶٻȻһ۵ҹȥ뻹ܹ޸أ
Ӣܼһƺ⣬ж˶ãһɡ
ҶٻˣֹһŵңҲϰߡ
Ӣܵ㲻ϰʲô
ҶٻµĵҡҡҲϰߺİġ§ӡ¥§ССӡӡ
Ǹǡ֣ȴٳٵ˵
ӢҲ֪鰮ϷһǱȻһأûҶٻʲʺϣӹȥĽӴȷһȽϴͳĹ
ʱҶٻ֪֪ġ䡷ұŵˣ˵ҷŲԼҲſɲ֪ôģǡǡСһ˵ӰӣûзЩȵľͷŵȫõʹλ㣬˵ԶܳΪǣֻȥһЩͯĿ
Ӣ˵һ˵ӰӡȻָ֪˭жʱҲĸоɢһЩǻķޡ


 188 ¶2
ҶٻЩɬּУһصң鷳ˣȻӰƬûʽƳЩ˵ıʵ̫ˣߵﶼ˶ָָ㣬Χǩ
Ӣܵⲻͦôڳˡ
ҶٻҡͷãȥҿЩǱΧǩ׷ʱǺĽֵԼζ̫ˣһĶһҪ˹ͣһûԼ˽Ҫررע⣬ϸ䣬ҲҪּ飬ûͷĸоʵ̫ˣҺûȥһĴһ·ߣԺЩ˵ĴǾ鿳ۣڸͲˣΪάԼ֪㣬㻹ҪЦŶ˵лл
뵽ȥҶٻڲִɱķĳ棬ӢܱҶٻڲûǮαٽƽϡ
ҶٻȻһ۵ʲôнƽϣ֪㵱ԩͷ㻹˵ڣǲŽɵϰҾϲڵ
ӢҲ֪ҪǣһȷҪܶҵģҶٻҲУҲϰߣһ⡣ȻҲǿѣֻǵҶٻƯݼҲʵƷרҿģĺΪйŮǣҿԸһ¡ʷٸ֪ɣѾҵй⾰ƺпܻǹ˾һʴƬȫ浣һҪĽɫһԾΪǣǱŮԱĻᣬѵҲ
Ҷٻԥľ͵˵ͷҲģˣǲǸˡ鷳࣬УЩӰƬ鰮ľͷ࣬ʷٸƷɲһһͽλġʱ䱻˾粻ġ
ӢܼһѾӣ˵ͷðɣҶٻ⽫δ·ǧҪˣҸһڵʱ䡣ʱٴҡ
Ҷٻܿ϶ĵһˡġ䡷ʼѾ˺üˣĲһУʹһεŮǵ񫣬Ҳûʲôź
ӢֵֻһͷȻѾҶٻѡȥױƷġҵһҲһᰲȥľ︺ҵ£нˮ͵ġ
˵⻰ȴҶٻȻûи˵˼ҧӣֹʲôҪ˵Ҷٻ㵽׻ʲôȫ˵ɣʱҺæڣûʲôʱˡ
ҶٻʱͷĵӢܣ롭
뻹һ£һҪʵʵĻشңаٻ·ǳҪ㷢ģ˵˼ٻ͡±ӱ˳
Ӣ֪ܲʲôȻûɵԷϣػˡ
ҶٻģŵӢܣ㣬㡭㵽ΪֹϲĹûУ
һ⣬Ӣ޷شƾĶۣʶŮ֮УСĻ飬Ǳ˴ʵ̫Ϥˣֻ֮Ϊͬ£ѩȻ̵ͬÿ˵΢Լһκһϵϰߣᣬ̫СŮ֮飬棬˾صŮˣԼ൱Ҫܵعϵɷϵһʵ㺣ǣѾԼĳ֮ŮȻ޴ҲŮٲˡ
УȴһֱһŮ˵λãǾԼҶٻƯȻһ˵ȻͣθУڴԼһʱҲԼƽһֲ״֮⣬Ҫ˵ϲ˭ǰŮӣһڵһλǣȻѾԼٵ֯ĸȻҲŮӽȴҪضκŮĶ飬Ůӽȥ𣬶ĳǸض̶޳ܵϣǼ֪ҶٻǸĵŮӣԼҲʹһɵȥԼ鷢
ʱȻûУڲ뿼¡
˭֪ӢĻشҶٻȴ¶һ˿ϲɫ׷ʵӢܣ˵һΣûУ
ӢܵǣϣûϲŮӡ
ҶٻֵӢܣ˵ƯƯ
Ӣû뵽ʳĻ⻹˵ܱ
ҶٻҡҡͷҲ㣬ʶŮƯƯ
Ӣ룬ʶļŮ֮У޶ҰԣѩǸǽɰǸᲢҶٻȴ崿òϽ˵Ǵգ䳡˵˭һЩ˭ҲûƯ
Ҷٻ֪ĺ滹һ䡰ǼࡱʱܿĵЦ˵һʲôȱ㡣
Ӣ΢΢һ˼ŽӴʱҶٻȻ̰СˣʱܵܣҲΪȣʵڹֲ滹˵෴ŵ㵹һѡ
͵ûˣҶٻһܺõŮӡ
Ҷٻ㿴ʲô仯
˵žŬ̧ͦء
Ӣܱȥȴ㷢̳һΣбһ÷Уʯ׹ͿŵӰ촽ɫⴽ࣬ز͹һЩȹʽԵñʵҪ󣬱Щˡ
Ҷٻϲڿ
Ӣ˵֮󣬶ʱԼϲ޵Ů˵̾ͲµҪ˵ʲôˡ
ȻҶٻӢܣвгޡ
Ӣֻõ˵ͷ
ҶٻʱŤӢܣ롭㡭ɲԣʱʱҡҡŮѡ
仰˼˺þãΪһŮӣҪô˵ȷҪģ˵ʵ񾱣Ӣܶӣɬί֪ԼҪǲԶ¶ģñŮ˹ȥֻΪǿˣȻʧһΣʱҶٻڵҶٻ˺ܴĲͬ˵ʧǳɹôϣܹһΣһΣǽʲôˡ
Ӣܲǲ֪һŮӵڶԼﰮҪǣʱ˿̣ôܹܡ
ҶٻӢϰĬúپڶʧܣǲûҪԵˡ


 189 ¶3
Ҷٻ뵽ʱҲҲ˲úߣ̧ͷӢܣľôѵĶûһ֪֪ԼҲûϽģҵﲻʲôæǣһᵱһӵģ֪һ³Ҳɨϴ·Ļʲô
˵ʶʲôȻ֪ǮסǱרŵĳʦҲӶˣǣұ֤ԸȢȢңһһõĸҲƣҲô̳һüµģѧߣӦ꣬ҲѧѧܿģģѾڿʼѧӢˡ
ӢҶٻ˵Щʱܼ٣֪ڿֻűԼٴξܾȻеһʹӦôԴŮӰ
ʱֻҶٻֵУӢܣ㲻ҪΪ̰Ǯǣȥ̰ǮΪ£ԼûôܹϺӣҰְ֮Ҳ޷ЪҵĲ󣬲ҪҪųҪ˷ֻ̣ҪǮˣҺʹܵǮټҲƬӵĳͣѾˣٶǮ˵Ҳûõġ
Ӣ̾һҶٻ㲻˵ˡܹǵʱҽԺңܹܾ׷ⶼ֤һУҴΪһ̰ƵŮӡ
ҶٻӢܣǡ˵ϲҵԭ˵óҾͳġ֪ԼҲ֪Լʲôʱϲģңһһӵġ
ӢܵҶٻܺãһжãǳ
ҶٻΪУǾ˵ԼίҪ֮Լ˵Ե־ҲûϣˣһʲôҲ˲ˣҧ촽ӢܣҡҪһܣһܡ
һ仰ӢһܡҶٻʲô£
ҪҶٻ˵ȴֲ֪ˣԥ˰ŵҡҡ
һӢҶٻ˵ʲôܣ
ҶٻĲסߴ֮£ֻõӢܣǲǵãһϡ㡭㵽ҡҵķ˯ҵĴϡ
ӢܵȻǵãȥʱԱһ£ȥ˶ԪǮǺȾƺ
˵ȻʲôжʱһҶٻ㲻ҪңϣҵĴϣ㡭㡭
Ҷٻһѩ׵ʱǵóɫҡҡͷֵ˵ͷ񡭡Ҳࡣ
ӢܻԼʱһǳ޵شεģɵʲôҲ࣬ҵʲô£
ҶٻʱǼϣòҲΨһĻᣬٱӢܾܾûʲôˣԼزָһָ
ЩرӢܼǵ÷ǳеȷһŮ˵鷿û뵽أֲҶٻһ߼һ׷Լ򣬵ǣǵԼʱڿʪģҲкˬĸоǣǣ¾Ҷٻȥ
ʵ¼ʵ̫̫ˣҶٻǱҲ˵ΪԼμ˽Ӣܵ£ϣֻĻˣǾҪһӵģӢѡԼҲĸݣͺ㡭㻹ѹҵءҵϡ
Ӣ֪Լĵȷȷǳ˻ģǴҲ²ʱʵɵʲôҡһѹϡ
ҶٻǴŮ׻ҪǱúˣӢǲţҽԺһͻᴩµûûкġġѽࡣ
ûʲôԾֻ˵Щʵػˡ
Ҷٻʵ˵ӢҲֻԼԼĲ²⣬Լ˯֮Ҳ׼ȷҵطҲ˵пҶٻȲ£֮Ħ߻ˣԽֿԽ뵽˲ܲǶŮӵһ˺æҶٻԲʵڶԲϺȵ̫ˣʲôǲ
ҶٻӢܵ飬ʱͷΪˣʲôǲˣ㡭㵹ãʲôǲãǡأҸô죿
˵⻰ȻصĿ͸ĵĿһǵݼһȴģһŮ޷ˣʵ̫ʧˣ粻ֻӢһˣӢҲֻһƫƫϲһ
ӢӦˣ˵һ֣ǶŮ˵Ŀ´˲࣬ЩЩ֪Ǻá
ȥָοҶٻǸҪŮˣôζҪΪԼ£ҺпܻʹȥǺӢܾʹͷĸ׵ĻĶ߻죬ҪһǿߣͲԶκһŮ˶飬ӲӲ
ãӢһ仰ĿοҶٻʱһıѾ֪ˣֻĻ䣬ɫ԰׵ĬĬվȻǹŵķȥÿһ;ԽԽԶһסףǧ
ӢܹᵽҶٻʹ࣬ʱֺγʹʣǴлǵ壬ӦΪŮӸġ
Ҷٻߵſڣ׼ȥţȻվסˣӲĵܣҪְдܣҲﰭˣУҲǡ
ӢæվߵĸǰҶٻҪȥ
Ҷٻ͵̧ͷʲôˣǵȥҲܡ
ʱ˵۾һӢƵҶٻľҲί޾ıˣ֮УоӨš
飬һһ͸Ӣܺڰģһ̣侲÷飬ѹ־ɽ罦˳պˡ
ʱӢܺȻһٶҶٻϣȻ͵ӣ˹ȥ
ҶٻⱻͻĶŪôˣһ󣬸ʹ˫ֳӢܵǰҪƿ
ǣЩӢܣʵ̫С̫Сˣ𲻵κεãӢѾȫӣסҲ˽ȥҶٻȴıţʱ֮
ȻӢܲΪҶٻķɿӣȡţҶٻķȴԽԽһȴֱۣıסҲˡ


 190 ¶4
Ҷٻû˽ӹǣǱ׾ӲģӢܵļ֮£ܿҲֻ۵Ķ֮
֮ӢܲҶٻӣֿҶٻʱѾãȻˣֻ֪ճյӢܣȴʲôҲ˵
ӢѾεҶٻƬȴһһѱصɳϡ
ҶٻʱѹӢܣſң㡭ͲϲңΪʲôҪ
ӢܽԼãץס֣һ̾Ҷٻ˭˵Ҳϲ㡣
ҶٻֲڵţһȣȴЦϲңӢܣǲǵǴɵϣôŪҪҪ
ӢҶٻһ˲ѾٷſԼĶĺùҶٻΪȥһǸǣңҲϲ㡣
Ѿ֮ѾΡϲ㡣
ҶٻҲڲˣϲңôܣղΪʲôģϲҵ𣿡
˵Ȧһ죬ֿҪˡ
ӢҶٻ֪ҵʲô𣿡
ҶٻʲôˣȻӢܼŵܲӢˣѵˡ
Ӣֵ֪ΪʲôӢܼšǴȥʲô𣿡
ʵҶٻҲӢΪʲôôǮҲû˵ȥ£ֻǺȥˣʱȻ˵𣬾͵˵
Ӣҡҡͷڻ˵ҶٻһиӵòõģҪңҪһʱ䣬ʱ䣬Ҳĺһ𡣡
Ҷٻ˵ú棬һǳصӣһжҪˣҪڴӦԼһ͹ˣ㹻ˣ¾ã㲻˵Ҳ㣬Ҫõʱ䡣
Ӣܵ꣬ʱ䣬ҲκεĳŵҲһ𣬶Ҳܸκε£ܴܲӦҡ
ҶٻԥĵͷãӢܣҴӦ㣬꣬˵ôô㲻˵Щƭҡһģһӣ±ӣ±ӡ
ȻĻ޷˵ˣΪӢѾסˣӣ֮ϣһΣȴӼǿҶٻͶĻӦȻضˣʱʱȵˣʵеħǡ
ֹ˺þúþãӢܲ뿪ӣҶٻﾭôôҰǣӢܵĻεĳճһ󣬲૵ĵӢܣҪֲˣҡ治֪Լô졣
ӢҶٻϽõĻֻĶߣ˵ѩǾܹݵҶٻأ櫣ֻҪԸ⣬ҲһԼǻŮ˵ģϽãȻԼǺԶˡ
ҶٻʱӢܵϥϣ֣գӢܣ𣿡
Ӣ§ŮӵϸоϸԼĦţԭӲȴӿһůŮѹֵҲȻȻ¶˳һһָֻỬ㷢
Ҷٻ΢΢ţԵúܺ۵ӣһŵӢܣϣһգ۾͹ȥǾܿһ
Ӣ⻰ȴһ֪ҲֻԼһƣܲɱǸµһδ֪ζҪþֶȥһѪ𣬶ԭԼҵĶҲ˵һҪҵǸصĵط᲻ŻҲ޷յģһҪţΪأֻΪŮӵĳŵҲһζŮӵĳŵ
ʱҶٻ
ҶٻһµޣҶٻˡ
һãʱѾָյĳ̬
Ӣֻõٻ
ҶٻЦ绨ĴӦһӢܣһʲôãǶŮͰ͵ģһᡣ
ӢܴʱӼ֮лָ侲뵽£ٻȻϷˣ䡷ĺҪˣϾҪгӢӰĻý˾ĵһӰ̳չ¶ʵ㻹ҪȹЩʱ䣬ѡ񣬵һȥľ︺ҵ񣬵ڶǽй곬У㸺ɹ
ҶٻԥĵȥɹҹȥҲڳеӪҵԱ֪öúܣУҵð㶢š
Ӣܵ˵ͷǺã͸ɹҵˣҲǸ۵רҡ
ҶٻʱͷǵȻ
˵óݵӢܵӢܣ˲й궼չˣôǮ
䣬ҶٻֺȻʶʲôæ죬ǸĵԲӢܣ˶ĳŵˣ˵ǲʵġ
Ӣܵͷٻ֪ͺãһպһ˵ģҪһμס֮ڣҵһ飬жԾ档
ӢܵĻҶٻҲûôϣֻǵúãӢܣ£˵ˣǴϰ壬Ǹ򹤵СѾͷȻ˵ʲôʲôˣ˵꣬ǹ꣬Ҳûʲôµġ
ӢֵУҲᵥԷ֡
һȻҶٻеԽܣҧ߹ˣ֪֪͵Ҳڣ绰ҪҴɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲУ˹£ڵ绰㲻˵κй֮顣
ҶٻʱҲ벻˵ҪʲôһԼԭ֮꣬һжȥܱʲôϣûкá
ҧҧӣҲһͷãӢܣҶģ͵ǻͨѣŮѡ
˵ŮѡʱȴӢܣ֮ĹϵѾͬˡ
ӢͷٻȳȥɣһЩҪ
Ҷٻˣ뿪Լ֮أҲ֪칫ҵŹؾˣʵڻ˲²⣬Ĳ鲻ԸġŶһȻ۾Ľë⶯ţСɵӣȴ΢΢
Ӣ֪Ҫʲô˹ȥӣһǣһӣҶٻͽıסȵӢܣ꣬꣬ҪһǾ֮Ǹжá
һȻ꣬ҲӢܵ촽뿪Ҷٻֻ˻֣Ȼȥš˰칫ҵķţٳȥһǣӢǺܲõ¶һЦȻȥȴСԼɫЩ죬϶ʱһ죬Ͻˡ


 191 飨1
ӢҲҶٻЦݣЦݱһĨǰ⣬ܿͱܺȫڸסˡ
ĬĬıڰ칫ϣӢ︡ϽýһĻĻǵòҲߣƾĶۣҲֵȥĹŮͬһ֮ʱ˵ûжģƾܵľ˵Ҳûиκ𣬵ڣһжˣˣΣʲôֶΣǾߣҪҳ䡣Ϊģɱ֮صˣᡣ
ʱһڹȥӢܵĳҲһıԽԽӲãȻ˵绰ֻͨ
ʹιһλ
Ӣܵң
ʱӢܣʲô𣿡
Ӣܵ棬˶˰ɣ
ƺЩߣһˡ
Ӣܵ͡
ƺе⣬ҳͣǱأǲһ𣿡
ӢܵҾ㵥һٷ㲻һشǼѾˡڲߣҸ˵
ӦһһִιӢܣʲô£
Ӣܵᣬȥ̸̸ͬͬ⣿
ֻúܸ˵ĿȻͬ⣬Ҿ˫޳ɡõˣģǲݵġ
ӢҲ֪ĴףãһῪġ
˵վ͹Ҷ˵绰
˰칫£ۿž͵˰Ӣܸѩ˵һһԼȻȥͿųȥˣ˹˹Ѿʷٸãȴһɫۡ
ѩüӢܸı⣬ȥͬͣǾ˵ٱϰ𷣣ûκεĲãзһʯ
̳һŻص˱Ӣܵسһͣ£ͼ¥ϵĴһͷӢܡһ͸Ů㡣
˵žͷȥ
Ӣܼ洿δѵӣҲ˶ܿѹסԼУڲͣĸԼǳ֮Ụ̊ҪնݳҲи顣һҲԡ
бڳԵţʮ֮󣬾ͼȴ¥׵ش˳ӢܣŮ
Ļ߳һŮֻһ׺ɫõ൱£΢¶ǰĽϵϸ֮ϣѩ׵¶˳´õظ߸Ьɫ˿࣬ԵСȱֱ޳ϻŵױüϸۺˮӣȴ档
Ӣܼͷƺ̹ûã˰ţȥֱƾ̬֮¶ǰѩ׵ļѩ͵Ǹʯ
ӢܹȥӡУӢ˴֮£ȴֱָţ˵֮
Ӣܵľ£Ѿ򶯲ˣһ飬΢Ц˹ȥ棬
Ӣ˵ĻҲ΢΢̣ǱѾͷĹҪȥ·ͷ
Ц㣬ңӢܵһԼᣬ¡صôУ㣬ôƯҪ۽硣
֪ϣԼܹӢܣô¾ܹˣЦһЦȴڲ²˻ôش
ʱȴӢܷǳʿĴɫۣЦ棬ȥ
ӢܺȻòˣﲻɵúһֹӢܣһǽ޲ɷҲЩˣǰԼûĳȴû˱ߣߺߣԼٴ꣬һЩһҪúôƣܹԻͷҪܹקקԼ˵ЩǺÿĵ¡
ţǾ׳ǳЦý˵һʲô̧ͷʱӢѾŽˡ
Ӣһ߿һбƳ棬ȴԼƺЩڣһŪŪͷһֵʹͷܲԼ߿ףʯݵµȷǼΪΣȥ
˼ʯݵ£Ӣܾ뵽ҿɾҲЩȻܿ͸Լɱ˸ס⹫ţĸףֻҪһ˵ҲǶĳˣԸƭŮˣȴҵǸصĵطﲻгݵĳˣһбԼҵĶʲôҪ
ʱӢ΢Цŵ棬ʲô
ҲýӢһԳѵõһ棬ȴеУµ㣬ǡ
ӢܵǾȥķׯķ羰
˵ͷðķׯҲкþûȥˡ
˵֮䣬Ӣܵĳȥ˽һСʱ͵һ˹ߣһׯʹں֮С
ͣ˳̤ľ˷ׯ֮ڣдŴ÷ŮдкӢһۣͽǰ˺ĵһСͤܱ̲ͽˡ
ӢܵЩˣҪһƿƣŮдתȥˡ
ʱѾָƽһˮþûˣȥְֳġ
ӢһŶｨ˺ܾô
˵ͷʮˣϰ廹ҰְֵѣȥӪһ¥ܺģϧ˹ͻˣɽׯϰǣ¥ĳʦ
Ӣһֵ棬ְ𣿡
ʱ¶˷ǳȻȻ롣
Ӣܵϴ˵ְȥһطǸطܷرĴ£Ͳ𣿡
ģְһŪõģֻʱ䳤̵⡣
Ӣܼ˵⻰ʱԵʮ㣬ôְô
˵ͷ¶ݵĿȻְܵģûܹԶᡣ
ӢܰҧҧҼǵϴ˵Ҫȥְ֣ʲôʱ
ҡҡͷҲȷҪʹ硢ܾ˵ְֻٻȥ·һʯͷдˣƽ֣һҪϣҪȥҲҪٵꡣ
˵ȻӢܵӢܣסҰְֵȥһܴܴܣұǲܸģƷŸ˵һЩµΪֹðˡ


 191 飨2
Ӣ˼Ļô˵ҪҵֻĸȥǣǷ˼ҶһһĴˣܹٵõ𡣺ο˵꣬뵽ԼޣҲȲȥ
ҲԸ⾪棬Ц棬ģǲ˵ģֻϣְܹƽ
ܿ϶ĵͷְֵȻƽ󣬶լʺ£춼ᱣġ
˵լʺ¡ӢֻһĶģ治֪֪ôԼĸס
ʱֻܵԣƱж񱨣ү۵ġ
Ȼָ֪ܸмһۡ
ʱŮд˲ˣ˳ĬһӢ˵ҪԼõľֲʣֻóЩˡ
һӢܲŵ棬֪ҵľ𣿡
˵ˣ͵˵ͷȴһţϸ־ˣʵڲܲµʲô˵ʲô
ʱȴӢܴǰͳһСɵĺӣõǰҲ¶ѵõ֮⡣
΢ЦŵӢܣûУ
ӢҡͷʱûУǸһ˵ġ
ʱЦʲôСı˵ƫġ
һ˵šһ˵Ǻӣ˿
ǺиһһĹâʱϸһһöΪµ䡣ʯɫأһ֪ǳϡС
ʱһ㶣Ӣܣ㡭ʲô˼
˿Ӣȴֽöɫ˫棬޸ҡ𣿡
⻰һʱȫ֪ˣȻϣӢܹӦԼõ£û뵽ô죬ôȻ˾һʱ޷ܡ
ӢܼЩҵɫ¶һ˿Цݣֵ棬޸ҡ𣿡
һ˺һŻع⡭ô졣
˵⻰ʱҲЩˡ
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ棬ѾˡȻѾҾҪ㸺ڱᣬ뻹Ժ˵ɣ棬ܹӦ𣿡
Ȼ׼Ҫ޸ˣ֮ȻеĻҡ벻ԼôҪˣһһʶãûж˽ˣƺֲܲӦ΢΢һ̾ĵ˵ͷ
ͷӢܾͽֵָָϣֻƺЩ
˽ָźȻһָоԼ˵ˣҲһ׷ˣ뵽Ӣܵŵ㣬ҵжʱһΣⶼǸΪˣҲܹԼҸġ
ʱ뵽ãӢܣ׼ô죿
˵⻰ʱԼĿǾһЩӵĸоҲЩ΢΢̡
ȻǻĳޣϽãӢζǺ޲ģӦ飬һΣҲһֱҪγ޳Ҫ֪ᣬᾡȥ˺ء
£͵һЩ˵ɡ
ȻһץסֵӢܣУҪӦңȱ᳤֮һҪȢ
ӢܸоַǳҲ֪¶˵ǳ᳤ʱ䣬ǲ֪жľޱ䣬͵˵ͷãҴӦ㡣
ŷģ뵽ԼץӢ֣ܵæſ
ʱɫһˬĺ紵綯˶ֻһʶĶҪ֪ڹӣ⣬ھͻԶڱѩҲʲôġ
ʱӢһٶվԼϵļϡ
һȴһŻһůӲ˾Ȼϸᣬû뵽ģʱһָоһĸоܶкøУѾˣǣĸоҪҲġ
ʱȴ˵ʲôֻӢܣĵлл
ӢҲеĸжȴӵõŮˣǳ֮ŮһúõĶģˣʱǺ׽Ūˣζʹࡣ
һԼļƻУصλ溬Ц棬̫ˣˣ㽫ΪҵӣⶼӦġ
˵⻰ɬĴͷȴۡ
Ӣֵܱ棬ѾˣǻһЩлΪá
¶úǺȻҲûʲô⣬͵Ӣܣ㰲žˣû
Ӣܵã¼ȻѶǾһºɡ
һʱ͵̧ͷô졣
Ӣܵ˵ͷ棬룬ͱסûв͸ǽ֪ģǽǳ飬ôһжˣǡҰְǡ
Ӣһͷ棬֪ϣĸμĻɣȥǸط֪ܲͨǣԼҲǺܵ𣿡
Ĭ˺һƺ˼һҡͷˣְֻȥǵط·ˣƽ֣һǲϣȥɣ̡̡ڡ
Ӣû˵֪Ҳ׸ǲμԼĻģвһ̾治ԸȥǸطƭҲֻмȥˡ
µҲã棬ҾҪȥ׼ˡ
ӢܵĻԼճ˻飬ȷǿԼһЩ鷳µģҪϵ̫ã黹֪ᷢʲôı仯ѵҲ˽Լõһ£һӢܣЩҲȫˡ
˵Żͣ˫˫߳˺ģӢܲϳ棬ͦĵģǻɢɢٻȥɡ
ʱǳãȻҲ̫Ļȥ͵˵ͷ
˲У߶ãӢܺȻֱһѾǣ֡
оƵĿֺҲһαǣҹɫЩȴ˵Ļ֡
ʱйһ£¹ںˮУǧĽԾ߲̻죬֮ʱУǰ¡
ӢǣĬĬںһľգӢҲɵһ˿⣬ȴѾˣӢ鿪ʼľһֱ¹ײһŮˣЩеĴĺڵҲ㲻٣ǣȫһСŮ˵ĸоѵǰ飬ʼˣǹȥ͡


 191 飨3
ʱȻԼλǺأ˱ŵģԼȴȺܵĹϵֹϵֱ֮Լ˻飬ŸоζĻֻԹˡ
һ£·ǳҪԼòʣ͵ӢܣȻϾҪΪˣܲܽ˵ȥҲ㣬֤Ȼģûκ⣬ȴֻһûܹ֤ĴڣǺܲģ㵽˭
ӢҪ⣬Ĭһ󣬵棬ӢܵȷҵҵĹȥܲɾʵڲ𣬲棬ģҵй֮ûκΥ飬ȥһҲҺԶģһոµӢܣûйȥֻн
ĸҲںڵϻļ¼Щ¼ĵĨȥˣԴ˵У㵽йûκΥ飿Ӣܣô˵㲻йˣ
Ӣ֪ǳԼȫ˵ٻȻɣ͵ҲйˣL
ʱLսL
Ӣܵ˵ͷҴСL󡣼ÿ춼ԿѪȵĳ棬ǸǿʳҪȥֻԼʵǸңҪȻƲףҪҲס
LĻҾƣжšû뵽ӢܾȻǴLأֲôݵֵ֣ӦҲع˵Ϊ棬ǲ˵˭˭ģӢܾ޶ĲƲҲѪеֲ˵ɾ
뵽ȴһȻһֱӢܲҵĳˣв˵ûһǣ֪Lܾȫųˣ˼ȻȥҲʣҪһһҸĽһҪȥĽ
һ󣬺紵⣬뵽Ӣܵ·ԼţæȡӢܣ»㴩ϣҺ㲻һڹӣǲġ
һ˵ţһ˵ȥӢܴϣĶ÷ǳᣬѾһ㡣
ӢܼǰһųʯΣ棬һòã
᲻ģ͵˵ͷ
ʯ֮ϣӢܽ§ļϣĿǰղɬ֮нıȻصһˣϾԼɷ򣬻ʲôߵġ
Ҫ֪бŮ˵ҪһǷǳ׵ģҪһκܳʱ䣬ǣӢ֮䷢µȷǷǳ죬ܵعϵȻΪñҪ޸ˣζѾûѡأҲζòԼˣ֮£һƽͨҲŮ˶뵽ŵ㣬ӢܱһǳŮˣѾ˲ͬһĺøУİȻҪǿѸͣӢܵʱᣬһյƣɶһ˹ȥǷҲԹ޻ˡ
ʱȴӢܵ棬޸֮жԲĵطô죿
룬ӢܣԼ۹⣬ҲƷǲԲҵġ
Ӣһ˵
˼һ ôһ죬ҲԼãӢܣ㲻ᡣ
ڿ˵š֣ӢʵڰζӣƺԼһŮˣòǶʴǵѪֲò˺Ůˡ
ìܵӢܴʱ֮ܣΪһΣΣֻΪһֻһɼھҵĳ嵴顣
оͷԼǰĦţӢܺȻͷȥסӣ
û̫⣬Ҳû̫ɬӢûκεľֻܾǺ׾ĻӦֻѾ§ľ
ãӢֿܲ¸ҵһ˫ӢܣȥҵУһֱֻаְֲˣڣ֪һҽΪӣҸӵ˵İ
ƾĶۣӢһǺŶĸģһĶʱ类Ȼ˱ѣӲ۹һɫȴûб䣬Ȼ΢ЦôְֵΪһҲǱȲϵġ
Ȼ뵽Ӣ仰ָЦŵǲһְֹȥʵҲǹģֻǵõһŸıһӢܣڵ䣬ĳɾͣҲǷǳǳ˲
Ӣ뵽˵ȻǸ׼Ҵŵͼ𣬵棬㸸׵Ĺȥ㵽˽٣ҵż񣬶ҿҵˣӦö˽һЩһЩǡ
ְûи˵Ҵƽʱ˵ϴѧʱݺΣڿһʱŷų͵ǸطһѵŵõļһǸطϵǳĴ󡣡
Ӣ˵ĸ׸ԼĲֻ࣬ûᵽôҵǸط޲飬ħһǲκ˵ģ浱Ȼ֪
ʱȴӢܣʱ䲻ˣǻǻȥɣڼһҵϢҪ֪Ѿҡ飬һһ¾Ҫʽˣһǳ˵ģЩ֪
ӢܴʱļѾ͵˵ͷðɣ棬ǻȥ
˵žվҲһȴס֡
ųص˱Ӷǵע£¥Ҫȥ˵ӢѾԼ˵£ŮǸԵģζŽã浽ʱȴ᲻ɿӢܵ֡ӢĶͷһ£һͷ߽ڽ֮ǰֶȻһЦ
ӢƵ˿ͷղŻ´е΢ЦȻӲˣתѩΪ˲ϽóζѾķ䣬ڸһ䷿ʱŷ»ŵƣһһĸǻȥ
ӢֱܺͣӻصԼңĽŹϣȻɳϣͳֻͨݷĵ绰
ֻһֻݷȴûǱ
ֻܶʲô𣿡
Ӣֱӵ裬Ѿˡ


 191 飨4
ֻﴫݷһ̾ܶڳ
Ӣܵһ㶵裬Ѿµˣ
ݷҵĶӣô²ֻ֪һֱѾͷ²ģûʧܶ˵ֻҪܹĺһЩĳɾһģҲ߾ȫĸúðš
˵Щֵʲôʱ򣿡
Ӣܵһº󡣡
ݷֵԽԽãԾȡΣ˵Ǹطλãܶûв´㻹λ£ǲǣ
Ӣû뵽ĸǽԼ˼һǵģȻչй꣬Ͼһȫһ֣ЩδؿңҲδؿϵϼţҺ飬ôϼ˹ϵ˵ߵһ屾˵ǳðգϼųʽתϵΣɹĻҲֻɣڣ飬ȴԶɵİա
ݷܺãܺãܶȷûʧסһжΪ׼ģӢܼҲԼػҵһҪúõȥҾĽ죬̫شµȥɡ
ӢҲ֪ĸ׻ΪԼ׼ЩʲôҲ̵ʱӢܼȶȻȫԸҪԸ裬ģ֪ԼЩʲô
ݷοãܶһˣҪԼҵĺϢ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣֻܷԡϴ裬Ȼ˴ϡĿԼȥϵ£˼ȫǹĸ˵òһƸУ̫ḻ˴µģˡ
ڶӢѩһ𵽹˾һѩþ͵Ӣܣȥô˰ɡ
˵ʲôæӢܣᣬҾûб˼ֻϣܹɴϰ彻һᾡȫϵġ
Ӣỵ̂۾ǰѩãҪ֪ͨһ飬Ҫ㸺á
ѩõӢܣ˵ʲô£
Ӣܵһ֮ҽлҪⳡسﱸУ뽫ΧȥԽ֪Խá
Ȼ֪ӢѾִдϰ彻ȥȡΣѩû뵽Ӣܾôأ˵һлѩöʱһ͵ĲͷʲôӢܣ˵һºС顣
ӢûȥǺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷѾ飬ѾӦˡ
ѩðû˵һŵӢܣһ仰Ҳ֪ò˵
Ӣܵ˵ɣʲô
ѩõ֪ѾҪִдϰ񣬿ǣͷҪСʵҲ˵ҲӦòµϰһзǳĳޣСҪ˵׵䣬ϰ˵ͻ׷ɱС飬ͳӢܣСԭ𣿡
ӢܵҲ飬ɱ˵Ź𣿡
ѩõǲһģӢܣ㲻Сǳ𣬲˵˸׵ڣȻԼɷȴΪɱˡ
ӢЦŵǸ˵һ޲ʮĹأ
ѩǸĹһӢ˵ؿЩˣӢܣǲǴϰ˵ʲôֲԭǲϴӦģȴı⡣
ӢܵܣֻҵĻˡ
ѩúȻһ̾Сÿһб£ԸǿȴƵĺùҶҲǺܾģӢܣѵûб취һ֪һ졭
ػȴû˵ȥ
ӢȴӿڵһСɱңǲǣ
ѩֱ˵˳жʱһᣬһᣬڳ鲻ϰǲȥԸģֻǸ˴ϰڣСǺ㣬ֻҪúýͣҲɱġ
ӢܺȻνЦҪɱСҪΪױɱңҲ˵ذţ˭Ҳֲ˭
ѩɱɱȥġ·ŵһѪζӲ΢ɫҲò԰Ӣܣ˵ˣҺ£ĺ˵⻰ҲûϸӢܻڿȻһסһֻ첲Ӣܣǡ߰ɡ
Ӣܵĳٺƽĵӡӵȥ˭ΪʲôҪӣ
ѩõӢܣˣϰȻжҲΪ˲ٵ飬ر㣬LӦͱˣϰҲ֪ҪЩʲôΣյ£ңһһ죬ϰҡȥˣӢܣ˵˵Ҹô죿
˵ֵӢܣʵ֪ҲۣǾһ߰ɣԶ߸߷ɣɴൽȥһµݣƾҵı£²ܹϺӡ
Ҫһǰѩ˵⻰ӢҲᶯġΪԼ˼⣬纣Ѫ𣬱ˣһжˡ
ʱӢܵѩãѾӦϰһҪǲӱܵġһ£㲻õģϰӦңԶҵߣҳʲô£㲻Ը⣬Ҳȥˡ
ѩԽӢܣԽԼһڴϰİ뿪ȥܱôһ˵ʱϲĵģӢܣϰĴӦ㣬Զߣȥˣ
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷֻҪ㲻Ը⣬û˻ǿġ
ѩõԸ⣬ҵȻԸ⣬Ӣܣ͸˵һӸ˽˹ʣҶĸԸء
˵ȴһ̾Ҫ֪ӢȥʱķĹһҸһʱ첻뷨ǾŮһ򣬵ȵӾ侲֮ȴǳУΪЩܹеľ쵽Ӣܶ澴лһ˶Ů˵ϲ֮飬֪ӢһŷǳǿθеˣԲŲԸܴϰ彻µܹϽһ޸ˣ˵ίʵһ֮õĸоҪ֪ϽʲôݣԸͬһҲǵشܵˡ
ڣȻҪ޸ӢˣһسŵԼӢߵĴڣǣȴһҲ˲ΪӢܵĸıʵ̫죬û뵽ô飬Ӧ֪֮Բ棬ǽʲô˺ģӢǲģǲأµı磬ѵҪ죬治֪ϰ˵ʲô
ӢҲ֪ѩôʱЩʲôʹϰĹϵԼҵĳޣûɱ֮ǰǲκ˵ġ
ֳѩãʲôҪʣҲҪ˵ˣҵǲĵģղҽûУ
ѩüʱȫһ˾˵ĿȻͲ˵ʲôˣæ˵ͷõģӢܣҶˣһºҸõȻҸõĵصСĻ񣬶ҪôҶ֪һõġ
Ӣ֪ѩõİһͼٶ˵ˡ
***********************************************************ʱֹȥʮ죬ʮѩðӢܵķԸʼﱸ£Ѿòͬķʽ֪ͨ˸ý壬ӢܱǽʱĽϼŵĶС㣬Ļʱý򣬷׷׿ʼλλõǳƽʱβѩΪ˸õӢܽ񣬸ȫĵӡֽýԻֱֳɷá
һ죬Ӣܽӵĵĵ绰˵һҪʷٸصaʡʷٸѾҪӢӰĻý˾˾ǩڵĺϵ
ʷٸԸԼӢоųɰյģְŶһþǩԼʽ֪ͨý塣
ʱӢܼӢܿ˵ǳýľ۹㣬Ȼֻж̶̵һ죬ǩԼʽ֮ʱýּѾȫۼӢӰĻý˾ҲеǩԼԱټýع⣬չʾԼǣΪ˾һŮԱҶٻȴûгƷɸ绰õĴȴǲˡ
ӢƷ˵Ҷٻˣǵģⳡʽǣֳ鲻æͳֻԸҶٻ˹ȥ˺üŴҶٻιλ
⻰һӢԵĲԾҶٻôˣﲻҽԺȥûУ
˭֪Ҷٻû˵˺һúܵͺܵ͵û£Ϣͻá
ӢĿЩģӣʱһ£ѵҶٻ˵Ļ£һʱģŻˣ֮Լʵ࣬ʱܸ˵


 195 ϻ1
ӢҶٻ飬ǩԼʽѾʼˣƷӢϯ̨Ӣֻʱ´£ϯ̨ʷٸһ
ӢܽЩʷٸ׵ĻӢӰĻý˾δչĹ滮Ȼʷٸԡ
û뵽ʷٸĻ٣йֵòķ羰̾ҶӢܼŵʵӢܵĸҲ޲ڣһܼԼľƵ£̸֮УѾΪܺõѡ
ʵӢҲ֪Լʷٸ񲻹Ƿ֮ȻڹϺһݣԼĴϰ塢Ͷˣʷٸ˽ĵӣȻǻͽġ
˽껰ǩ˳ںĺͬͬǩҲζӢӰĻý˾Ӵ˽һ̨ףϹʻĵ·һ³Ӱӹ˾˵ȷһǳĻҲйӰĳ·ԱߵļʱҲʱ֮
ڻش˼ǵ֮ȻҪȥƵʢףᣬʷٸͰȴŹӢܣھϯ֮ϣҪӢƴƣӢƾֻܲӦսĽȻ԰ܱաмļʷٸսʷٸ߲ܡΧ˶ʱԽԽࡣ
һЩҲܵӢǰƣҪ֪˵ı֣ȫѡΪȵ̽պطչܹһ׽飬һӡպزɷãҲԶһЩˡ
ѩԱ߼ӢܵɫЩ졣̬ҲЩ⣬мǵġȥһպհ³պհ³ӢܵȷЩˣЩӭȥӢܵ˼ݡ
ѩʱߵӢܵߣӢܣ֣ĽĿѾźˣǻȻȥɡ
ʱӢѾ߰˷ֵ⣬ѩýԼȥȴģģ뵽һ£ʲôaƫƫ̲ʱֻȴˣӢһͨһ˴صӢܣ˵ҽʲôˣġ
Ӣܾ֮Уû˭жʱ𣬴˭
˵Ҷ𻪣ӢܣȻǸ˵޼ҿɹؿ˭㣬˭㵽aʡָ˼䡣
ӢһʱҶٻæҶ𻪣ôˣ
Ҷ𻪵Ҳ٣㻹˼ҽôˣ˵
Ӣһ⻰ʱ˼֣ʲôʲôҶ𻪣˵ʲôҶٻôˡ
ʱֻҶ𻪵Եģ㻹аԵĻȥ㣬Ⱳټˡ
ӢҲû룬̵ãҶ𻪣
Ҷ𻪵ھƵش
ӢҲ˵Ҷ˵绰ѩõѩãԼȥ£ҪһЩ
˵⻰Ҳѩ÷ʣʲôҲˣʹҴҵ߳˷ŵ¥¶ȥ
һͼҶվǽҶ𻪣·
Ҷ𻪱䣬ȴһ£ʱ˵Ļջ˶ãĳ
ӢܾʹҶ𻪳˴ͣһϳҶָʻȥ
˰Сʱ͵һסլСӢƷ˵ҶٻѾaʡ˷ӣȴ֪ǲ
ͣ˳Ҷ𻪴Ӣܽһ¥ŵʮ¥Ȼһ䷿⣬ͳԿţӢܾ֪һҶٻķˡ
ݣȴǿӦĽṹװ޵ҲǳֻһƬңǺܾûʰ˵ӡ
ңڿҶٻķӢвɵһҶ𻪣
Ҷ𻪺޺޵һۣͿ첽ǰȥžƿһݡ
ӢҲ˹ȥȴһңõ÷ǳ£ʵľذ壬ڵذ֮ϣ˵ķƿЩѾˣЩȴûпЩƿ֮УȴᵹһŮˣƺѾˣһҲûж
Ҷ𻪼ӣȦʱˣʲôҲˣһץסӢܵؿڣͷݺݵԵģ˵ڰ칫ҶҽʲôһͿɵɵЦ˵ҪҵĽˣǣ˵ȴҪʲôҵĶС飬ڶźˣҽ֪һ죬ͱˣԵģҽҪи̣ӷģһҪ㣬һҪ㡣
һ˵ţһץӢܵؿһҡӿҲǼˡ
ӢܿҶٻӣͺʹĬĬҶҡһ󣬾͵Ҷ𻪣ȥú̸һ̸
ҶһʱУҪҳȥ۸ҽ㣬Ǹô죬Ҳˡ
ʱӢܺȻȵզȥûС
ǳĴҶ𻪲Ҳһɵ÷ؿڡ
Ӣ֪Ҷ𻪵ĵӲҲһԼЩҶ𻪣ģһչģ۸㣬ҲЩ𣿡
ҶʱҲ侲ЩҲ֪廹ϵˣʹֻ˲ܻ⣬ӢҲûп۸㣬ԼǳȥһˣҲ̸̸һЩֻԼǸӢܼܲõľΣҲʵ֣ģ쿪ʼͲȥϰˣǸպհ³ֶžèƵģûͷᵱһı
뵽Ҷ𻪾͵ãӢܣҳȥҪ۸ҽ㣬Ĳ㡣
һ˵ţһ߾˳ȥţҸȥˡ
ӢܵҶһߣͽҶٻ˴Ȼȥ䣬ҵһëšһˮҶٻĴϣԡ
šëҶٻ֮ҶٻͿʼ΢΢ĶȻۣ૵ӢܣӢܣҺ㣬ƭӣƭӣʲô֮ԼٵģٵģһжǼٵģ㶼ҪˣӢܣӢܣ֪֪жϲ㣬㲻ʲôǮˣҲϲģģأҲ֪Ҳ֪ӢҶٻ˶ԺҲ̣ʱѾȫȷʶŮ֮УռλģҶٻŮˣʧȥܡ
ĬĬڴͷһҶٻȻŻž͵ۣûпߵӢܣŽž´ȥһŷŷŻ֮


 196 ϻ2
˺һ󣬲żҶٻ˽ѾЩӦϴģӢܾվ
ȻһߴˣβǵܵܣҶٻʱһһһվƿϣһˤڵϡ
Ӣæ˹ȥٻôˣûˤˣ
Ҷٻһ첲Ӣܣô㣬ôģأܵȥˣ
ӢܵٻҶģû뵽ȵô
ҶٻȻվͷһ˫Թ֮Ĵ۾ҺӺѿɣӢܣǲҵЦģ˵СǸˣдѴѵǮȥؾС㷢Ƣ𣿡
ӢĬĬһ󣬵ٻҲǸ߹㣬֮ڣ㲻Ҫҵһ֮ΣҶһ
ҶٻȻЦЦ˼Ҳ˱ˣЦһ˴ߣͷӢ֮ܵһӢܣ㵱СôĻ鶼ˡ֮󻹸һʲôĽ㲻Ҫҡ֮飬ңң֮󣬵һж˳һˣǸˣҡ
˵ЦˣЦ˼ԭĴ۾ﾧӨỨʱ˳ѩ׵չ£žʧʹǿίҲ˾
ҶٻᣬޱȵؿһУǧö˰С룬ݺݵĴӢܵϣǰģϲŮˡԼŮӦõĸο
ʱȻ嶯ûʧȥǣ˼ԼŮ˻ʲôܿжϣҶٻԼǾĵأǸĹǲ˵ԼܵģȻҲܳһĵԶԶ뿪ԼȣԸȥðա
ʱߵҶٻߣٻȱˣҪһܣһйܣ֮󣬻ԹҺңҲ޻˵
ҶٻӢ˵Ŀǳ棬ɵֹͣ˿̧ͷĨĨã˵ʲôܣɱƭңҡҲȥˡ
ӢֱӵãҸ㣬ĸɱҰֵ֡
⻰һҶٻʱһһվ㡭˵ʲôְİְɱģ⡭ôܣ㻹飿
ӢܼɱҸףɱҵ⹫ţҵĸס
Ҷٻʹ۾˿̶ʱɵùԲ⾹˰˾ŷ֣֪ǲĻƭԼģɲΪΪʲôΪʲôҪô
ӢĵΪһŵͼǵͼָĵطһܣǸܣԸıһһˡ
Ҷٻᣬ˰Σŵ㡭ΪʲôҪͳ˵Ů顣
ӢܵΪǸطǸطλ֪
ҶٻˣõΣ˵ǸطȻȥ𡣡
Ӣܵ˵ͷһһٵŵͼԼҵģõһУұҲõӦе³
ҶٻһæӢܣʲôʱ֪ģȥ㲻Ǻỹͦõ𣿡
Ӣܵǲ֪ģҴ¾м١
Ҷٻɵҹȥ˵˲ٵ£ˣôݶˡ
ӢЦһ㹻ǮҲǻΪȥεġ
Ҷٻ˵ɱ˻£ǮԼ˯ðȣŻʼЩ¡
Ӣܺһȴû˵
Ҷٻʱ˺ܶ࣬һЩǸӢܣԲҴֲҪڶ²Ҫʣԭﱨ𣬿ɡǻΣյģȥòã
˵⻰ȴӢɨԼһۣʱ֪Լ뷨ǳɣ뵽ӢܵоʹǰһбͿĻĵӢܣԲҴˣ㡭ÿʲôܰ㣬㡣
˵˵ţ
ӢҶٻĻ֪ѾԹԼȥЩɢҵ㷢ٻ𣿡
Ҷٻе˵ͷȻӢܣûУǲǶС̫̣ĸ˺ļͥûаһǲ֪ġ
ӢڶŮ˶Լ˵Ļˣֺγֺ֪γȥ˺棬һ̾ٻ˵ʲô취ѵȥ˵ְܶ취ˣ뷨׽ס˵䣬ǺҷˣȻǸޣŮǳЩһӲӣҪͳʲôǲܵģΨһЧİ취˵ˣҲһƽŮˣܹõԵΣǲ˵ģһҪҵһҪҵǸԼҵĵط
Ҷٻ뵽ԼӢѪֻҲóκεֶӢܣ֪ˣʲôҶ֧ġ
ӢֱĸյٻԼҵ£ԼᴦҪģǱܣȻҰ
ҶٻҲ˵ϼִܲ˵ôײУ뵽ӢܱһǳΣգжʱֲȰֻý§ס
§һҶٻԼͷɢңݲ˯Ǿⷿ˵ƹӣһб˿ǳˣˣæƿӢܵӢܣȵһٽ
һ˵ţһ˵ݣһ󣬲´򿪣Ѿʰøɸɾȥһۺɫ˯£ƺڿ㣬ЩڲزصģӢһЦӢܣٵȵȡ
˵Ż߽䣬ûһʹϤϤˮȻϴˡ
Ӣֻڿɳϵţ˶ʮңżһҶٻѾ˳ȴѾһۺɫ˯£ͷҲЩʪģòָֻֻе֮ȵʱһ˵ķ㴫
ҶٻߵɳߣȻľӢܵĴϣ§ĲӵӢܣʷٸĴǩԼҶûȥ㲻ҵɣǲǺС
***********************************************************ǶӢܵΪʣǵģȷΪֻڵһչŽѪôʧġл֧֣


 197 ϻ3
ӢȫҶٻʱ飬ƺʶԼĺãҡҡͷûʲôϵ㷴ѾһˣûʲôҲԼӰ
Ҷٻôһ˵һɣֵӢܣ֪һ㸸ĸ⹫űģҶġ
ӢȻԼһԵ¶֣ܱܲԵ˵һδ֪ҶٻĻȴĺ֮˵ͷһģʲôֶΣҶɱ
Ҷٻʹͷ԰ԸݶˣҲòȥֶΡ
˵Ȼһ£ˣӢܣأֻޡˣӦûŰˣǲ˵ģУΪʲôǮ
ӢܵٻЩ㲻ҪʣøʱȻġ
ҶٻȻǺܺ棬Ӣô˵ֻõͷðɣҽ˾ǣˣӢܣղ˵Ǵġ
ӢܵҴ˸绰˵ˡ
ҶٻʱҧĴܣ˵˵Щʲô֮Ҳݺһ١
ӢܵٻʵΪеοҶȻ̰档ûģҲ󣬵Ǹܹ֪ˣڹؼʱ̿ΪƴܲúȫԳɲĵġ
Ҷٻѵõĳ޵ܵܣЦˣһû㣬ôǲȶ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǡҶһͷӣպհ³ѱˣѧ˹ɣӿʼˣһᰲµģӢܼҪ˲ţҲҶ𻪵Ļᡣ
ҶٻһϲЦأллˣܹɲţллأӷ𡣡
˵ҶٻӢ֮ܵг˳ޣ֪ĳޣһ޷Լ޷ֵһУҲúܲܣֻ붺ģ͵ӢܣҸ㽲ЦǳЦģš
˵ֵһŮˣһ̾Ҫ̽ˡǣѡһ൱ƯŮѣȻ֪ðաǶ˵һᰲŽܿ˴ȥ¹µĺɢȻһϺ͡Ϊ̽꣬ҪҪһǡŮЦЦͬˣΣյļƻͽˡ˵ڶ죬еŮȥλŮѣʣҪ˭֪ǸŮѾͻش𣺡ûСǸŮһˣûСΪʲôҪأǲ߹㣬ԳǲġŮôشģ˵һûл˵Ҫˡ
˵һ߹شЦһӢܣϣܹĵЦա
ӢܿҶٻЦݣвǲ⣬ʱôҲЦȻڰ칫һӿ˼飬һѽ§ԼǰȥѾӣ֮ϡ
ҶٻֻʶĶһžͿݣԼشǻ̽۵Ķ֮Ҳʼ˻ӦӢܽľš
֮˵촽ֿӢźԼ΢΢ϢŵҶٻٴȷԼĿеڲͬȥѩȻҹҹͬûһŮ˵ĳ嶯뼤顣
ʱȻһռŮӵͷͷܿͱѹ֮ǰ覵Ůӣǽ
ӢܰһҶٻӷȻԼվٻѾû£ҾȻȥˡ
˵žǷȥ
˼ҶٻһӢܡ
Ӣܻعͷٻ㻹ʲô𣿡
Ҷٻ֮дżԥִżɬܿ¶Ȼ飬Ӣܣ㡭𡭡ˡ
⻰Ӣһ֪Ҷٻ˼ǣܹ𣬲ܡ
Ӣûлش𣬶ǼȥһֻѾץסű
ڴ˿̣Ȼһ󼱴ٵĽŲžֻֽرϣҲоһţҶٻӢܣߣҲߣ£ôһòã
Ӣűֿʼ΢΢ĲǳҶٻ׵׵ĳΪԼŮˣȴô
ȻҶٻѾ¶˾ģһŤѾǰһ˫ĳżᶨĿӢܣ֪ʲô֪㲻ܸκεĳŵûϵûϵҶܹܣ㲻Ҫġ
һ˵ţһסӢšű֡
ӢĬĬҶٻ崿ݣɿű֣Ȼһѱסȥ
ҶٻѾ׼§סĲӣӢ߽֮ʱһ£૵ӢܣŹϣôܻ
ӢһһֱֻסҶٻһֹֻš
˴ϣӢҶٻٶȿʼǣһγʱȴӳãҶٻǼҲˣ̽ӢܵĴУϾѾжʮһ꣬һڲڵĹˣѾϵˣһ޻ڣҲԼ⣬ǻʲôŲġ
׼ȻӢܿʼ˯֮ʱҶٻǲһܿĬĬֱֱϣ˯ѵ
ֻɫɫڿ˵֮ʱޱȵĽţֻһƬӲӢ֮ʱǱ۾ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬Ҷٻȫ㣬Ӣȥȴļѩ׻壬ֻؿڴڽźߣȾһƬϼһս΢鷿󣬿ӯӯһգӢܽŮ֮УֻǱҪһ㣬һö˶ޢһ㣬ϸС΢졣
Ӣܺ˱סҶٻʱֻѵ̲סһ֫Ť˫ֲͷ֮С
ãӢܲŽҶٻѹԼ£ֱֿȣڽһǣӢܺȻͣһٻ
Ҷٻ˼ʲôҲû˵ֻǽ˫ֱסԼ
Ӣܴʱ޹˼ɣ㼫Ŀʼ壬Ҷٻ˴֮Ӣֱһ˶ʱ֮䣬Ҷٻʹһҧס촽˫ֱӢܣСҲڲסĶš
Ӣܷǳо飬ͣסȵҶٻعסҲЩٴλҶٻʱʹС
ʱȴ洫ŵžҶ𻪵㣬㣬û°ɣӢǸ˵ǲˣ


 198 ϻ4
˽Ҫͷ뵽Ҷ𻪻ȻҶٻҲּ˰ӢܵؿڣҪȻǿʹûû£ӢܡӢѾˣ𡭡˵Ҳô
Ҷ𻪶ʱ˵㻹׼Ͻ㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣǲǱ仰ͺͷ
Ҷٻʱܸ˵̫Ļ͵ҡˣֻ˯ҡ
Ҷ𻪵ðɣϽ㣬ǸúúϢˣҲ˵ǡ
Ȼûٴˡ
ǣҶ⣬ӢҶٻ˵龰д͵һӢܼĶţҶٻץűӵһǣҧţԼ۵ýг
ӢûпƣûãɢҶٻۈһӣӢĿµĴһƬ˫֮ҲѪ
ҶٻĿ⣬һߣæȥ¹ȡŸɾëһŲԼһȴݸӢܣȥ´Ӣܼ߲㣬ȴææȥɰ̾Ůˣǲ鷳
ʱȴˣ϶̿㣬Ҫȥ䡣Ҷٻȴæ˯¹סӢܣȱæȳȥСĴ棬ҡҲ֪ѾѾˣУ֪ܵģҪ֪֮Ĺϵزס׼˳ŸҲûôĺùˡ
ӢҲĹ˼ǶԵءԼҶٻĽĿǰֻܽУ͵˵ͷ
ҶٻֵĿţ߳ȥ˿棬ȻӢ֣˿ٵĵҶٻæؽŹغáؿڣһ
ӢܸоԼƵģҲ޿κΣҿͰҶٻϽͷȥ
ȵӢܽ꣬ҶٻٻҪҪһ¡
ҶٻҲѾ⣬˵ͷӢܣ㡭תȥˣ𿴡
Ӣ֪ߣſתȥȴε˺þãʱʱ̣ҶٻŬĿԼٲ춯
ҶҲᡣʱֳˣֻŵϽ㣬Ͻ㣬ǲ棬ҿˡ
Ҷٻһ֪ԼӢһõܵܿʱְһͰ͵ĵҡӣܡҪܾãܣԼȥ
Ҷ𻪵ҿϽ㣬Ȱ㲻Ҫôؾˣ㻹һ˰ɣҪҪҳȥҩмҩҲֵġ
ҶٻæããҪܣܣȥº˯㻹Ҫϰ
Ҷ𻪵Ͻ㣬Ե㣬ҲĹ˾ϰˣǸպհ³ɷģҼžʹ£ȥˣҶȥˡ
Ҷٻʱ˼Ӣôˣ㣬ҺܺãԼС£㣬Ҫ㲻ȥϰ࣬㡣
Ҷ̽ҿؿϽ㣬㻹ʮûǰ߿ޱǸӢǸƭӣ쵰ھܺˣΣףǲףŮģ롣
Ҷٻֵ˭ҪܣҶ𻪣Ҹ㣬Ҫϰٵˣһ绰Ӣܣպհ³˵úõķء
Ҷ⻰һɥúãϽ㣬㣬ϰ࣬ȥϰ࣬ǵģ´ӢܣҾԲˡ
һ˵ţŲԶˣǵȥȥˡ
ҶٻŴͰӢܣֱҶݣŴţӢܣصңȻŽĹϡ
˴ϣҶٻͺ˳ӢܵĻҲ˯Ϳʼ죬Ӣ̫ܵ࣬ȥľʱܹ˼Ҷٻ˵Сʱ£ؾҶ𻪵ĵƤȤȤӢ֪Լ˵ҲϲҶٻĸоĬĬţֻżĲϼ䡣
һֱĵɫ֮ʱŨһ֮󣬱㴺ȣһΣҶٻȻȻʹѵѾûôˡ
֮ȻӵʱҶٻӽӢܵϣоԼģôĽôܰ
ֹһСʱҡ洫죬Ҷϰȥˡ
ʱӢҲ·ٻҲҪˣúϢٵ˾
Ҷٻ֪Ҫ۾ͷǰһŷſ̧ͷӢܡ߰ɣҲٳΪظˣҲСˣҪʲô£;ɣҪҡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷʹ߳ҡҶٻֽ͵⣬Ļֶ
¥ӢֱܿӵãսƵҶֱվһ࣬Щˣֻ嵥ɹźӱȫһɢµӡ
һӢܣҶ뵽жʱˣ۾˸˫ҲЩվס
ҶٻϵӢܸҪҶ𻪣⸶ηģֱֱ˹ȥ
Ҷ𻪼ӢԼһǰֻĵܺá
˵⻰ͷҲˣȥ
ӢȻҶ𻪣̧ͷͦأϵѪԵȥˡסǸˣҪ˵ӣηηһǻ˿㣬ס
Ҷֻ̧ͷס
Ӣֵ˵
Ҷ𻪶ʱһͦأס
Ӣŵ˵ͷؿڵҶ𻪣ҪЩ£Ҫʧ
˵⻰תݶȥ
˰칫ңȴѩѾԱߵİ칫ˣӢܽ΢ЦŵӢܣҶСû°ɡ
Ӣ֪ԼֻҶ𻪵ĶԻһҹδأѩӦЩ²⣬Ҳֻͣûʲô¡
ѩùȥ֪ӢҶٻܺãȻ˶ϣӢˣҶٻȻӰĻý˾ĴûתͶӢܼţӢϢһҶٻͳ״ˣ˼ѩ᲻֪Ҳûд绰Ӣܣʱ˵ͷǾͺá
ѩǸŮˣӢܲ˵ȻҲ׷ȥ͵ˣӢܣʷٸҪߣѾ˷ɻƱˡ
Ӣ֪ʷٸ񶨺⾰ҪŻȥƬˣ缸ӡ
ѩõ㡣
ӢһͷãһȥġѩãҺĻʲôʱ򣿡
ѩõ¸18ա
Ӣֵ֪ͨûУ
ѩõ֪ͨˣСҲһ˵ˣ㣬ûȥ˵ʷٸƣСû˵ˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ㵽ܲð칫ңʼһЩļڶʱڽԼӦɵĹãΪֻ֪Ҫ˵䣬ôҪȥǸصĵطˣһȥҲûܹƽĻš


 199 Ůˣ1
һֱæ磬Ӣ˹˹ȥʷٸ˵Ĵں档
˾Ƶ¥£Ӣܸʷٸһ绰ûãʹżˣȫŶȴӢ͸ǵľйɫļƷ۸ǲƣʷٸõȻǷ񣬵һȣͼֵʮԪ
ȵʷٸϺӢһ𣬾ͱӢܣҵѣй֮У̫ˣй˺óԣй羰йѸ飬һƬ
ӢȻӢӰĻý˾ȣȻǲһᣬһֱװһ£͵ʷٸмæ
ʷٸãӢܣʲô£һ
Ӣܵȶ㻹ǲǵá
ʷٸʱЦôǵãǿһƯĹҲˡ
Ӣ֪ܲȶʱЩʲô͵ʷٸðȶӰƬﵣһɫ֪ɲԣ
ʷٸһ룬ˬĵԣû⣬԰ȶڵǲܵŮǵģҿԸһϷݲǣȶܲҲЩӢܣⲿӰƬҲͶʷ֮һȨҪɫġˣһ졣ȥҾͰԾ
Ҷٻ꼻һ֣Ҫ˳Ӱ̳ӢӰĻý˾ʷٸǩ˳ںԼǾҪʷչӢѾҪǩ°ȶ˾ĵһҪ֪ȶ崿ֲͬʡǽ𷢵ŮɣǱӦûҶٻ֮ϣǹϡϣԼӦð
˵֮䣬͵˻һЩ߲֪õϢѾӢܲ鷳ڳʷٸ˱
رӢܾͰͨ˰ȶֻԴӻصйȶ绰ҲֻģҲû˵̫ػ
ֻ˼ʹȶЩϲװأڿҴ绰ˡ
ӢȻϰ߳ƺװġȶһϢѾ֪ʷٸǩ˳ںĺͬƬкܴһ⾰Ҳѡй㣬ҲҪһֵͶʣղʷٸ̸ˣгһϷݲĽɫͻϵ㣬ԾУһ׼ǩԼΪǹ˾µԱ֪ԸԸ⣿
ֻȶԥĵԸ⣬װأô᲻Ը⣬Ϊ£һǳ˵ġ
ӢܵǺã˾ͿʷٸôţȵйʱǩԼ
ȶõģװأϹ㣬𣿡
ӢڹңʱҺæ㻹Ǻʷٸһɡ
ȶЩȻǺðɣװģһúƬΪ׬Ǯʧ
ӢܺİȶΪֿȵǣ˵Եԣۼ쵽ˣͨ
յͼڲƺ죬ɫƺôãвһ֪һǷʲô顣
Ӣܵĳæվͣķӭ˹
Ӣ˳΢Ц棬ᣬЩʲô
滹û˵;Ǹ硣
Ӣܵôˣ
˵绰˵Ҫ飬ڵ绰ʹӦŻ£˵㲻ģƭңҲƭˣúܣ˵һڵġ
ӢҲƵطӦȥʱȷĦҲӦõġ
ӢܣҸ磬ΪԼٷ֮һȷҺͽɲ
ʱȴⲻִܹ磬ûкӢܽӴȻ֪ӢܵΪˣҲԺͻõġ
Ӣ΢ЦģҾͻῪŷᣬӢܼϼŽȫ
ʱϲĵģӢܣǾ̫ˡ
ΪΪԼòôҲ¶οЦݣӢܣлл㣬ˣһҪ㣬̡̡ǻұģͻȥˣûл
Ӣˣһݣ֪е̾ʡ̾粣ҲӰĻý˾ܾ̽ȣϼźҵܾӦöǷǳŮˣû뵽һҪСӦǡ
صûѩҲˣùͣû粡Ů˵һ绰֪ڽȵķɻ
ڿţӢܾͽ¾յ˵ˣȻû
Сʱ֮󣬾洫֮ʱվǵˡ
˵žʹҴ˳ȥĺš
ϽóȥѩӢҲվѩõӢܣҪСˣŮ˿ɶǼ򵥵Ľɫ
ӢȻ֪˵ͷȴһƬƮһͼŮ˹һˣźɫзüӣһϣйһ֮Եʡˣһɫȹ㷢̳ɸӣòֻϴЩ̬֮ȴ͸ޱȵľ粣ʣµһŮ˿ҪһЩһɫƻװǰɫ곤㣬ԵüӦþһֱں⸺ˡŮˣȻԴһЩϵͣһķϣȷ޸ǳ
ӢܣæŮ˽ܣӢûв´ȹ粣ƻװȡ
ӢܵЩȾһֱϣҪƳصӢʼãһֱ΢Цķ˺òһʿͷ
֮󣬾͸Ӷ˸Ͻ˿ȡ
Ӣ֪лҪʣ˻֣Ӷ߿ˡ
ŮӢܵĶ棬ЩζֶãӢܻһĲⲻӡ
һŮ˻һۣ˵Ӣܣ˵ȥLˣǲǣ
شŮ׵ĳԼܲ˵ӢҲϵˣ͵˵ͷҵȷLˡ
ʱȴЯƤóһдֵֽݸǺãһ涼дʲô
ӢܽӹһȴLдһνLʷĶģ֪ŮѾ׼΢΢һЦͽһһ˳
֮Ⱦȴĵ˵ͷ


 200 Ůˣ2
ʱȴֵӢܣLǲҲ֣
Ӣܵ˵ͷ
Ǻã˵һʡУַ
ӢLкϷݣȻ飬͵ʡάѷеԼ˺š
˵⻰ֻȵ㣬˵öԲԣ
ֻóһֽһLһʮӢܵĻᣬάѷеĵԼֵȷһࡣ
粵ܲǱߵ˷һƬ
ҡҡͷLĻƶȷǳƣûƬġ
ʱֻ˰ɣддӢǲƭ˵ġ
ֽŻƤɫЩӢܣȱڳģ־棬˵ǲӦûģǣӦ֪aʡֵ̫ȻˣִǺԣǲò㡣
ӢЦЦ֪λҲǶĹģûϵġ
Ҳ¶΢΢ɵı飬ӢܵӢܣLʲôҲʣҪ顣ͱҪ϶ԼϲҪǣ㽫ȢҵŮҵˣǾƭģ˴⣬µĴۡ
Ӣ֪ȵĻǿţȴôĻϡһЦ
֪ӢǸķǳǿˣλ˵ˡ᲻ˣæ̡̡̣ǾͷĺˡӢǸܺõˣԲҵء
һֱû˵ʱȻ棬ᣬǵ
¥ϡ
粵á뵽ҿáãǶ
˵žվӢЦЦʾţʹλ¥ȥˡ
Ӣ˵һļƵŮˣһֱĬһͣԼϽȥһʲôҪˡаԲ²Ҫ˵ʲô
λԼסط䣬ȴ粵Źϡ
Ӧһ͹š
ɳϣ粵̡ãǶӢô
ȵòλ˵ҿӢܻģϲҿҲûʲô
ֵã㿴أ
Ĭһ󣬵ҿӢLӦģҲ˵ӦȥҵغLǳңĲƲ·ȥҶеҲǺܷеģˡֻҪӢܹй⣬Ҳԡ
粶֪ҵ𣿡
֪Լ֮󣬾Ҳḻʲô£⣬æ̣˵
粵˵ͷҷŻ¡
⻰һӶһ̲ס̣Ϊʲô
ŵӣȻ̾һᣬ˵ҲǳϲӢܣһȺǲǣ
ʯݵ̫Ϊ飬Ͻûиλ˵𣬶֪ǶӢܶй˼ɣֻʱ֤һУҲû˵ҪŮͬһ顣
ôһʣķͺǣȺӢʶأӴȥ֪һܺõˡ
飬ֲͷ˵ʵǲѧҺǣˣһ޸ˡ
֪Լ̣ĬĬ˵ͷ
һ̾Ҿ֪ô֪ԼϲˣҪȥ޸֮䣬һʲôر飬Բԣ
ֻõͷ
粵ǽӢ֮£Ȼ˵ҲʣǣңӢܾǸΣյˣҪǺһһƽƽ˳˳ġ
̣̲˵ˣӢLӦ𣿡
粵ӢҲҲûʲôϵԣҲֻʢҵϵľǣҿԿ϶ǸֵҰĵˣˣѿԣ˽飬ǻŮ˴įĵġ
˵⻰ֲֶ̣ܾİһֿ̹ǵ˼ʲôζ
⻰һȵ϶ʱ¶Ȼ֮ɫһ̾ӢܵȷһˣԱߵǸС㣬ֻºĹϵҲǳһŮҸһܹһؿĵˣӢܾˣҲκŮġ治ϣǽҲһֻùԼ
ͷû˵˺һ󣬲̧ͷλ̡̡̣һ顣
粵ͷãʰɡ
ǣʱ⵹ǻ᲻ѡ޸ְ֡
⻰˵֮󣬶ĬػһԿףǵļ䣬ǰʱ⵹ǻѡ޸𣬵Ǹ˽һĻĻӿͷбܹԼôغۼôܼ޸ˣʴǵʹ˭ܹܡ
ʱȵְˣԼ޸Ϊ٣ǲһء
һֱûл˵ʱҲ̲סˣְֵȻˣӢҲҺͽУǺͰְһġ
粡ȻСһôĸ飬ôŨĳĻһ㶡
㻹СôᶮϾбְָˡ
̷ԽӢܵĻ£ôԼҲһżȦͺˣӢܺܺúܺãΪҺͽҪ˵С£ױƭǽҴü꣬죬ʲôûпѵҲôױƭ̡̡̣֪ΪҺͽãӴӢܵҺͽ㰡Ǻˣٷ֮һٵĺˣǺܺõģҺͽҲһܹõҸġ
õķӦǿңԼɲܲ˵ˣĬ˼һ̣֪ҵģ˵ǲǺ޴ױƭ
ȻЩЩʲô湦Ӵʲôɫɫˣ֪̾̾참о飬ǸºͰ참ȫͬģһŮҪǶһ˶飬Ǻʧȥжġ
***********************************************************³ɣдӢܻһĺӣԼȻ˷벻˵ԵɺϵϴŮʹ࣬Բϴԣ˵һʱŭԹһƬʹָ𣬲ãٴ֤һעҪĺӣʵУ˵ûͷԣݷĻʵǣʵʱ⺢̫æˣæûʱȥӡ֤½ڻ漰ġ
µĹ´Ԥ棬һƽҪˣӢ̤ܽȥң·;Ӵ˽ۣңʲôֻңʲô仯Ļ棬һһǿ߽ʲôĻ𻨣ӢһһʼչԼԻ͵
ΪӢ⺢ӻȸ죬ĵֵǾͶһűµĵһƱɣԸǿ˰š


 201 Ůˣ3
Ļһ˫ᶨֱ̣ңҾûʧȥжΪӢжʧ󣬲ϵҵҸϵᣬǲܵ˺ġ
˵⻰ְֵ̡̡̣֪־ǵطȥȥһȥһأʱˣҲ֪Ǻְ֣Ӣܲǳȥ£ʱҲ󲿷ֵʱǻһģС㣬ҲһĳܺõŮӣǺܺϵʲôġ
粡ȼᶨŵ飬໥֮һۣ֪Ѿ޷ġ
һ̾Сһĺӣʲô¶ԼӢܵĻ£Ҳ֪Ȱת⣬Ҫ飬Ҳ޻˵ֻһ仰һҪס˲Ҫ̫ˣԼһҪ೤һ۶
˵ͷ̣ģ֪ˡ
ֵûУʲôʱ򣿡
һжӢڰţѾ˵ˣµľա
ʱȴվЦȻѾڡ㡢̣ǿҪúõĸ׼Щװɲ˵ҼŮףر粻ڣǸҪ°÷ġ
ˣȻԸŪ治죬ͶЦ粵ԡһίίؾͳҵš
ҲЦŵǰһҪΪƯҸ
һˣҲЦððҿҪƯĵİ
粰ͷúã㵱ƯĵİһӦҡ
̣ʲô°
粵ʱѾ˲ٵѧҵ֮ͱҺ̵ӢȥβĿǰҲӢչϼŵ⣬ѾźˣȥŴѧ
ˣʱӢȥ飬ôԶСҲȥ
ʱһǿɲУΪžôýĵôҺ̿ɻ˲ٹ˲ٵ飬˵˵ã¿ɲ
Ҳ֪᲻ԼӢܣӳԶŴѧȥ飬ȷǺбҪ¡ᣬǰ㲻ǻڸ˵ĽСѧôŴѧɲȹѧȥѧЩҲкô
ҲԼȥӢ飬ҲʼѰ˼ǰӢܶԼȻóԼÿԼò֮⣬ûʲôֵýصطǽӢܿڽȢԼҲδػϲǶôĵ£ԼһҪı䣬һ㹻ӢܵŮˣŮˣѧʶٲ˵ģԼҲܹΪһһǴķܡ
뵽Ҳ¶˾ģ͵˵ͷã㣬ȥԼϿγ̡
ȥӢŴѧȷһܺõĸߵѧ֮⣬һ˵ҲϲӢܣܲԸҵǧ𶼼޸һˣӢؽŴѧӢĸҹӹӵܣĿǰӴȦ̫С˽Ŵѧϼ꣬Ҳˣƽʱ罻кпܻҵԼˣǺܺõ¡
ӦȥӢ飬жʱϲð죬һרŸһʦ㲹ΣҲҪԼŬС
⣬ʹһͷţҾͲűܹѧãҾͲС
ҵŮȱ˲ģڽһȡúܺõسɼ
һӵŮ˶ʼЦȻһ£æˣ̣Ҹ粻ͬҺӢܵĻ£ô죿
̾һĹǲûеµҲûа취ˣÿɲΪʧͣģһȥͨġ
˵ͷ̣ˡ
粵˵ʲôְߵʱ򣬽иǣرҵģҵ岻ƽʱ̫æòûȫģǺܣ̫ǳʲôˣǻô
æְֺ̣ôöûϢˣǲǸȥǵط
ҡҡͷʱã֮ǰ˵﷢˴£һ˺пҪȥܾãھʯԣǲٽȥģƾְֵı죬ûκܹѵģһܹ£ֻҪһʱ䡣
˵⻰ȶͷְǸѲ۶
ǰ»û˵顣
λ׶ɷĳԺĽ֮飬һ̾ȻӢֲܵ縸ףȴѷɫҲΪԼһӢɷԺ
¥һ精ҪϽʰԼ뿪صұȥȽӢӡ
Ͻ֪ҲǹأЩװƤ֮УȻλ¥
ӢܼȾȥı飬ǸûʲôǸĹʲô£һ¶ġ
ܿͼϵЦݣ֪Ů˵Ĺأɰһ
֪ϽҪҵıȥӢȻᷴԣֻһͬʵ̫ӢܾԿϽûȥ
ǵĳ֮ʻ˱Ӣǰĳں棬ᣬλôûŮ
΢̹̾ȥ飬ͰְֻˣԼҪģְ⣬̵Ĺ̫æˣҲûҪӡ
ӢһŮˣɶǷǳģȴΪڸĵķţһ̾ƭǶôĸʵĿе֪ʱֲ֪жŮ˻ʧҲŮҲҪΪġ
֮䣬͵ҵı֮⣬³ʱЩӣҲʱûȤ͵㣬һӢ˵˵
˵žкſڵƤ䣬ȻӢܻ˻֣ĴŶȥ
ӢԶӢܣҪֿһʱˡ
Ӣܼ֮бŶԼ⣬ҲȻǸܺõŮˣƫƫǳ֮Ů컯Ū˰
ʱ˵ͷ棬ܿǾͻģ˺ûȫãʱúϢ


 202 ׷1
Ӣ˵⻰ʱûж˼˵⣬ģ֮أʱ뵽»֮ҹɵ˸ߵôͷ֪˵ʲô
Ӣܼ飬ʶԼ˵˻ֻõˣ棬ˣȥɡ
˵žʹ˳ţ˼ʻ
˳ӵͷҪߣȴһӢܡ
Ӣܱͣͷȥ棬ʲô𣿡
澲ʲôҲû˵ֻǾֱֵۣöӣ֮ߣһ¡
ӢܱһֱѹԼУԼȥ涯飬һľٶΪʯȴȻһᣬЦһЦͿж
Ӵţһ·ۣһһԼԽĳӣӢȴҪĸо棬棬Բ𣬶ԲǸùһùҲǴҪƭģҲûҪ˺㣬ĸôΪӣܲΪס⹫űܲΪĸѩܣɱҲҪΪױҲ޻˵ˣҶ޷ӱܡ
˼ӿ֮䣬Ѿص˱Ӣͣó߽˴ȴѩȻڵ侲߹ȥѩáŷᣬӢܼŽϼչȫ
ѩõͷӢֵˣѩãԼȥϰ࣬ˣϢһ¡
ѩǴû˵ˡԲɵõӢܣǲﲻ
ӢҡҡͷԳЩƣ̬ûϵʱ̫࣬е񣬶Ϣһ¾ͺˡ
ѩæǺãӢܣȥš
Ӣһ¥ȥˣȻѩ÷ַ˯
˷Ӣܵƣ̬ȴһɨա˷ĵԣʼ
ʡİĸû˵ѣϼңл֮ǰȥһˣģԻھ֤ݡŲҰصıֽûмأҪȥӡ֤һ£ȻѩöԼȫţȻĸ֮ѱûʲôϵ¹ϵԼһаֵ
˵ڶ죬ѩùȻûӢܣԼһȥϰˡ
Ӣܵһߣ¥ûȥǵһʿֱ˻ƱֻһСʱ͵ȥDʡķɻ
һСʱ֮󣬾͵Dʡߵ⣬вٵĳ⳵ǰ⣬ӢܲûмŽ룬ǵȵһʮ꣬ͷЩ˵ʦȥ
ʦԼԱȣ͵Ҫȥ
Ӣûֱӻش𣬶ǵλʦգ
ʦպ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãԭǺʦţ⡣Dʡˣ
ǺʦDʡˣʮͿʼû뿪ʲô˵ȥɣһҪһ
һ䣬ǰһѾһǧԪҡ
ӢʦЩǮţǽذѣһ飬æϢ㽱ġ
ǺʦһӪҵԶô࣬˵УԼһæЦŽǮˣúãʲô£Ҫ֪һ㡣
Ӣ㣬ǲǵöʮǰDʡһŲҰһԵıɱӱ˼ֻۣɱһ˼ҡ
ʦ˸ƺںŬ˼Ӣ˵£˺һҡͷôˣǼǲʵڶԲ𡣡
ӢһʧűҡҡͷûϵôõˣҪ˼ǵõȷѣˣʡǼҵıʱһЩ뵽ȥһ顣
ʦæ͵DʡձȥɣôʡʲôţDʡձȱģ֪ǻôϵرֽûС
Ӣ̵ãȥDʡձ硣
ʦӦһȴϿȴһ²֪Ҹò˵
Ӣܵʲô£˵ˡ
ǺʦһˣDʡزģҪȥϣֻ˼Ҳˡ
⻰һ˵Ӣ̶˼˵ɣҪǮֻҪܹ£Ǯ⡣
ʦʱֿЦҿҲһܹµغˬˣһܣȥDʡձԼһС˾ƽʱͦæģֻҪܹ
û˵꣬Ӣ̵ܾǧ
ʦһͷһϲæͷˣˣʹ绰
˵ʦֻͨһ룬ȵһͽӢܵ¸˵ˣֻһͷֻǴɣұûʲô£ȥ硣
ӢһֵǾˣȥ
ʦӦһͿУڳ˰Сʱ֮󣬾͵һ¥ͣסһʮ꣬ݸߵ˹˺ţȻcʦһָҵıܣҡ
ӢһָңҸ˵
æӢЦŵͷ
Ӣ֣֪Ҫ˾ҪͷģִЯƤȡһǮݵǰѣš
ǰһӵȴǧ࣬벻ͦ򵥵֮ƣʱĻŭǹ˼ģֱӽҵˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãң˵ȥDʡ֪ʮǰıֽûб档
ӦУǱרһ⣬רŴµÿһڱֽ
Ӣܶʱһϲܺãǹȥɡ
Ǻʦ׼ˣӦһ͵ͷ򶫶ȥ
ʮ֮󣬾͵һ߲ߵľɴ¥£ԶԶͼһӣдšDʡձ硰֡
úʦͣ˳Ӣܵڸչ磬˻ûϰ࣬ǻȳԷɡ
Ӣ֪Ҳ͵˵ͷҴţ˸һ¥
˷һҼʱˣŴӢܽ˱磬ŵһӦϵңЦŵһͷǰѯʡ
Ӣ¥һ·֮϶˸Ҵкʦ˵﹤Ȼ١
¥һŵӵ⣬ȴڳĵģƺûʲôˡ
Ц⵵ܣƽʱеúܣͷͰڵİ칫ﴵţţȥ


 203 ׷2
ӢܵͷҾԱ߼칫Ҷȥûãʹһʮ꣬ͷѾ˵ͷҸ˵ҵλûٰæ˼£ҿɲԹۡ
һӢܣ໥΢Цŵ˵ͷҵһͨﶼѣôڷ˲ƣ˴ϰ壬ͲϵЩʳԷˣƽʱ绰Ҳһ
ҸϽЦ㶼˵ЩʲôҽʱûչңҿûֻǳȥԼʵ̫æˣɣϣľϯҵģϼѣǺúġ
Ц⻹࣬ˣλʲô
Ӣˣæʮǰһ׮Ѫ֪ʱıֽǳûС
ʮǰǿϹŶˣѰ
Цͱˣһ֪㣬˭㸺˭㾴ҵ˵ʮǰϹŶʮǰϹŶҲܹ
ƨһģҲ¶˵ɫһͻô˵ɡ
˵žͰһſڵһťķʱȻͳǸȥ
ӢҸһŵľܣһطľϵһֽơҪһıֽˡ
Ӣæ˹ȥȴֽǷ·ŵģʮ͵ңҴһ¿ʼʮ¿ʼסһԵأһСݣ˱ɱŮ˱衣
ҵͷͿʼһϸ˵һԼ͵ſȥˡ
Сʱ֮һֱ£Ӣܻûʲô֡
ʱȴҽҪҵǲ
һ˵ţһ߳һűֽ
ӢкȻһͿ˹ȥǱֽУָһط㿴
Ӣ˳ָȥȴǱֽصİţıǡϰ޳Ǳ١ӢסһһĶȥдĸ׸ԼĲࡣ˵һԵӾӪһСݣһԬˣһ죬ǸԬ˿ΪǮɱԵģ棬ûᵽĸݷǿ£Ӣȫ⣬һͳĹȡһŮ˱ǿ飬ͬĹȻܶ࣬ڱָָҲ᲻٣Ҫý岻ǳҲǼΪ飬ıѾ֤ĸײû˵ѡ
Ӣűֽ·ּ˵ѪȲпһĻҧ˫ɱҲʼֻһ֡
ҺܿͷӢ鲻ԣæôˣԵǲʲôϵ
ӢĻʱһգָ򾲣˵ͷԵĺҵȷзǳ׵عϵ
˵⻰ҵңڹʶûУһйԵĵҪǮν
ҹȥ⡣
ʡձؼߣ᲻ʶֵˣӢ֮ԣǷƵĻˣæͷУУЩӦѾ˵Ҫܷ㡣
ӢܵȥܲС
۾һתû⣬Ҫϵһ¡
˵žߵһߣֻͨһ绰ֹ˵һ󣬲ŹҺʡһλѾϵˣ˵ҪĵΥ͵ģ̫ˡ
Ӣ֪ڴʲô⣬ңֱ˵ɣҪǮ
ҼӢһѪЦָͷ򣬵˰࣬ȥ
ӢãǾ򡣡
ҸղֻԷ˵һһԼʱЦˣǾͶлˣ߰ɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ߳˵⡣
¥µͣǺʦڳţֵȥ
ҵȥʡ
ʦҲʣӦһʡʻȥ
ʡ˲Զһ͵ˣûе°ʱ䣬ڳϵ˺һ󣬲żľߣֹ˰Сʱңûʲô˳ˣҲͳֻһ绰Ӣ˳
ûãͼһžε꾯˳
æӢ˹ȥ
꾯һӢܣû˵ֻͨſڵĸڣһ칫¥Ȼһ¥һ̨Եİ칫ҡ
꾯ԵĲӢܶӴֻǵҪʲô
Ӣܵʮǰһ׮ѪԣһСݵϰ壬ݡ
꾯ڽôܿһüûУһûһԵСϰ屻ɱˡ
ôһ˵ҶܰɣֽǹģǸմձ
Ҳһء
̵˵ͷôѣôƭ㣬ۿģԺһȥ
ʱģô˵һĵ˶ֽˣ˭ôı졣
ʱӢܺȻֵ鷳ٲһ£һ֮һ򸾱ɱݣһǰѪԵݷĸס
ö̿ʼһֵûУӵҲûļ¼
Ӣֵԭʼĵأ
ҡͷӵǸԭʼأӵûСԭʼҲ϶ڡ
Ӣĸ˵Ѿڵﶯֽţǰһ׮Ѫ鲻һ׮Ȼûбʲôϣһֵ٣ܲٲһһݷŮˣʮҡ
һô򡣹һʮݷŮʡһʮϹԣǲǣٲһ顣
ֻһҡͷû취鲻Ҫ˶ֽţͷȻСͷԵȻ򵥣һøɸɾġ
ӢʵѾϵؽ˿Ѿûбκϣˣ͵٣лˣ͸ǡ
ȻǮ£͵˵ͷȻ˻ȥ
˹ӢܾǺʦȥ˸ӪҵУȡԪøҡ
ҼԼ֮ͣһŪһĺôϲʤ˵ʲôҲҪӢܳԷðͽϰ壬ӢѾϻaʡĻƱύƾˡ
һʧֻúͺʦһ͵˻ĵԼƬŸǡ
һСʱ֮󣬵Ӣ˷ɻϣ͸еصƹ⣬ʼ˼£һˣûа֤ĸ׸Լ˵ĻʵģҲ뵽ݷԼĸףѶҲƭԼԼСͰ¶櫵ѵȫȻͬĸƺִܺӺνͣһԴ֪ĸ׵ͷʵҪԶֶԸǺ׶ٵ£òԼۣϻбԼɱ֣ҪԸҪаյö࣬ĸ׻ôѪΨһĽ;ҪȥԼ˽Ѫ
ʱӢֻĸϵọ̈̄Լгһ衱ʱȫԸоĸ׵ļһ˲¶Ǻѱݵóġ
˿ӢҲȫ񼣬ϾһƺѾȱʵ֤ݵ£Ҳʲôӡ֤һ²ǡ
ӢѾ˼֮С
***********************************************************һµĻںܿ͹ȥˣһйѾọ̈̄ʽӢܼŽ֣ӢܽеԱһеƶҲϮҪĲɹҶٻֻӢӰĻý˾ġ䡷ҪƳȥѲɹĹԭɹһλгΰѫľʱš
Ӧ̷棬ӢԤƵ֪ѾӢֿŷᣬϼȫ׷ȹȥĻԴҪḻö࣬Ӣܸںͬעһṩ͹۵ĻƷһڣӢܳнȫֽ֧һУѾϼϵýпҪֲ֧ȥĸҹӦ˵ѩܴ̿һֶӢܳǩЭ飬ṩļ۸ҪԵйС
ٹһ죬ӢлˣaʡһţͷβⳡĻ񣬶ϼŸϵӢǽй̽ճһƥҫĺμӻĸʿﲻaʡһıݶˣⳡ񣬵aʡһʢ£ӢѾӵ֪ͨʡеҪ쵼Ҫףء


 204 ׷3
磬װӢѩȻȥԼȴĵĵĸݷķ䡣
ݷңĸԶⳡʢĻ˶ûʲôϲɫ
ӢܶԹ˾չĽܣݷ΢Цŵ˵ͷܶļƻԲˣӢܳгţӢܼҲ죬һͿйпսˣһܹúܺõģˣʱʲôӦ
Ӣܵûκεľٶ
ݷŶĪǶҲ޿κˣ
ӢҡҡͷҺ˽ԲһϷˣûзӦֻΪҪ޸ˣֵ̫Ȼ߰һֳ
ݷܶĶֵģĿǰҪľҪõΣڸ㡣
Ӣܵͷ֪һ취ġ
˵⻰Ȼֵ裬᲻μҵĻ񣿡
ݷһҡͷҲμӵģܶ飬ֻһãסǧҪĸ飬Ҿҵϱ
ӢܳĬһ󣬵裬ʵһùҷǳ
ݷŭܶѵǼҵĳޣ
ӢܵûһҪɱ桢ᡣ޹ģҲ˺ǡ
ݷܶҲǸ߹һҪɴ£ҪĺκεĹǡ
Ӣܵ裬ĺ⣬£ҪŮеôҺʲôֱ裬˵ˣ¡Լ֪㲻Ҫٹܡ
ݷû˵һŵܶҲҲô顣̫ǣҲ̫ˡ
˵Ȼһ֣ãܶĳˣҹܲ㣬ҲٹˡȻȥɣסΪضˡ·Լѡֻϣ㲻ҪҵܹһâˣһҪһҪ
Ӣĸ˵⻰ʱǳأ뵽ΪԼһУҲӿ˼裬ģҲʧġ
ݷԣ¶һ˿ο֮ɫ˵ͷܶΪĳ죬һ
˵žȥԱߵľƹȡơ
ʱӢֹܷĵмɫسһٵ̧Ž˿֮ڡ
һݷѾֻƵĸ߽žƱݸһܶڿʼһȫˣܸˣΪһб֣ѾҵͬĻᣬñǿġ
Ӣĸ׿ڿᵽԴ˵Թ֮Ա뵽ܵ裬һѪڡ
ݷƣƺͲ˵ʲôˣֵܶ߰ɣʲô¸Ҵ绰
ӢҲǰᣬĸԼ֮䣬ܾһңָң֪ǶĺޣҲԼˣԹ޲ܹԼĸҲĸ׽ˡ
߳¥£Ӣͳ˸ղڵʰǼֽãųʡµĻȥ
ǻ¥µشʱûжˣӢҵһλԱѯһ£Ͱ¥һڣǴһſ֣Ű״ӵƲ͵Ůˡ
ճ˻鵥һЩ˵Ѫק˼ëͷӢֽͬǼ˽ȥС㣬ʲôʱܹõۣ
Ůһ¹̬ȵֻ˿ɲ٣㻹ǵɡ
ӢܹôãæС㣬ϾҪȥܾòŻܲܰһæܹۡ
ŮƳһ۵еУҪرѡ
ӢܸϽû⣬ֻҪܹŪǮԡ
Ů˾͸һŵǮȴ۵
ӢܽǮվݵݸŮˣŮ˿һۣ͵˵ͷãСʱ֮󣬽ģš
һ˵ţһ߾վŸղŲɼı걾һӶȥ
ӢĬĬϣȴôҲƽʵе£һжǼٵģ´ϰԼ˵ȫǻԣֻԼѪһɱָĵȥ˽ԹֵļĿܺСϣϰһ򵥵ŮˡԼDʡģҲȫǡȻԾִܾдϰļƻֹ֮ͣעر磬ԼȻһ޸ĸ֪ûκζԹĹ¶ǲǸɱġ
ì֮ܵУȥСʱѾ⻯°ʱ䣬ŮںӢܡĻˡ
ӢӲĶһ£űһĳ˹ȥôǲĸӹϵ
ŮŻ鵥˿͵ͷûDAǳǺϣ걾ĸӹϵĻڰٷ֮ʮϣȷΪĸӹϵ
һ˵ţһߵݸ
ӢõУȥЩǳӵݣһȻдšȷĸӹϵ֡
⼸֣Ӣܾһܿġľһ𣬲ٲȥˣҲٲȥϰʵؾԼĸףܹز˶ٵĥѣܹ˶ٵίΪԼĶɸе
˼лصѩѾڵӢܣæӭӢܣİѾкˣ
ӢɳϣѩþһŴӡõճ̰űӢûʲôȤһͷһߣѩã͹ȥûС
ѩõ˵ͷطԸǧ˰ٰʮѾ͹ȥˡ
˵ֵӢܣ᲻̫ࣿ
Ӣҡͷݣ𲢲࣬Ѿ˸еý壬ⳡȻҪ죬Ҫ÷һЩʱȽ϶࣬ԭ㵽ȥеġ
ѩõѾˣ¹ıΡĳأԼֱ͵İȵȣеķýһڰǧ򡣡
Ӣܵ˵ͷֵѩãⴱˣʱҲ̫ܺ׽
ѩҲ֪ӢܵĿأȻųԼ»ڼԼһȻⰭۣڴ֮ǰκεⷢ뵽Լƭպ˳ɳвȻҡͷףӢܣʲôԼǣҪҡ
Ӣܼѩõ飬Ȼ֪ʲôʱѾԸٶˣվãѩã˰ɣϢɣɲ١
ѩҲ֪棬ӦһԸӶ˶͡
һҹȥ˵ڶһ磬רŵķʦӢµķͣȻոµװʱѾˣ͵˱֮⣬ʱѾʮȫõ廨ӭ׳ţЩȫ缶ӢܼһЩ粴ϼŰһЩȻһЩļαģ˽һ·
ǰŵĶľ壬Ӣ˹˹鳵ͻұȥһ·֮ϣǺƺƵ˴Χߣʱ֪ͨͨ˽ͨţӭ׵;˴ĽάܹͨС
ò׵ұ˱⣬ѾˣվŮӣȴȥһЩͬѧ͸դҪ
ȵľһһǱĴŴ򿪣Ӣֱӵŵҡ
⣬ȻǽıţеӢܣɲôɵľҽˣ˵ġ
ôһ˵˶ð˵˵ôƯҪӳȥȻ̫¡
˵ʵӢܶⳡǷǳìܵģǣһֻգҲһУô˵һǳõĹܹӣҲԼĸһʱ価ɡ
Ӣܾʹã˵ʲô
Ҫ˵棬Ұ㣬ҵӣҷģһӶõġ
Ӣˣ΢΢ԥһ£Ļظһ顣̵õһȲ֮
ʱڿˣӢܾ˽ȥһ۾ͼվе档
ӢܴʱǰһֻŴɫĵɴͷһʯ֮ǰȴȻԼǸ˫֮ϸžޱȵʯòҲĵ軭üϸ䣬ӰԭǳˣԵһ㱡ۣӣͿűʪ࣬ǽΣȥһӢѾˣȡ֮Ů޵ģ޹䣬ݴʱ棬ʵںΪ
벻װƽʱҪƯ࣬ӢҲ̲סȻĶƵӢԼ΢΢Цŵͷȥ


 205 
ʱӢܲƵ粡ȶҲһɫȹҲĵĴˣѩӣһһ㣬ӳһƯĽû
ʱȴǰӢܣôӽɲУҪȥ
ôһ˵Ҳ̲סˣ̧ͷã⡭ɲã
Եر˷ܿģʲôãǿӢܵĳ⣬Ӣܣ㱧ǲ
ӢźֿʼˣЦŵúãұұ
һ˵ţһ߾ߵߣһѽȥô˿ţȻ棬ʱƽֻͬ󣬽§סӢܣͷǰ
Ӣܽ汧˻鳵ӦȥĳҲô࣬һ˳˽Աߡ
ӿʼȴ򸻺¥ȥУӢҲ¥죬֡
ڳϣýӵһҲӢܣֹֻ˵ʲô˵˵ţᡰ񡱵ķЦͣĴ㣬㣬Цҡðҽʱ׽Ūҡǿҽ컹ֹ˵͸ץסӢֵܵӢܣʱɲ
Ӣһڿһۣ˵̫ࡣ͵ᣬڸúҽ˰ɡ
һµð񫣬ҽͽ򣬺ߡ㻹㡭
˵Ǹ÷ȴû³
ӢĿȫѾΪպҪ޶Լвɵһ̾ػ¡ǲѶΪ֮ᣬֻϣȥŴѧܹҵʺкӣԼ
µˣᣬʲôʱȥŴѧ
˾˵ʮߣ˵ȵӢȥ˸Ҳϰﲻרù顣
ӢʵҲϣˡ˵ͷҲãᣬܹڽŴѧȡúóɼģֻܴҪùûʲôɡ
˵Ѿ˾ģҪһõˣ˼Ʋ𡣡
Ӣ֪˼ҡָѩãٶ˵ܶԷǳ֮ŮĴɰʵζ޲
ûã͵˴¥¥Ļ᳡Ѿ²ùˣԺɫΪмһĺɫȵţȫǺõ壬ȵβС̨̨߰ڷ١ӢߵС̨һվС̨ྲӵĵ
ʱվȺеҶٻֻһ˫Ĵ۾עԼг˰ҲżȻ
ӢҲԼҶٻӣȴһȴǡҰ㡱֡
Ӣһȣ֪ԼֻҪҪɼ鷳ûжһ£תͷȥ
̤ȵŵһ̣漴AmagѵgGaceһֱֱһվ׼ʼʽֲȻֹ
粵ҪͳĽʽ˾һλо˳ֻֻҪȫʽķҲܣһлΪ򣬵ؼǾƵʽҪ˫سڳӢѾһ¶ûʲôߣʧ٣ӦְִҲһ˵ľƣʱûг֣ҵҲûбʲôϣƾȥܾơ
ȻʱȴȺһɧžһװŷĵʮ˽
һ㶣žЦ̨ȥǰ磬ˣҾ֪㲻Զǵġ
һĳ࣬һЦᣬ޿κε飬̾һͷ̨
漸ߵߣһм磬ллܹμҵĻ񡣡
ǰ治ԶԼӢܣ棬ô˵㣬ĵģҲסᣬ㵹ãҲӢСסˣôͼ޸٤ô˵治֪Եʲôá
Ȼ޷ֳ˵ԼӢ֮һУֻõ磬㲻ҪģӦø˵ˣӢܵȷLģûʲôԹȥȻЩᣬӢѾȫˣϵ£ǿŰ죬ǲǺܺģӢܾһˣŲ۹⣬ѵŲ𡣡
Ц棬ΪԵҺ𣬸㣬ôʵҵվȽŸҸʹߣƻļһ
磬ΪǰӢķ롣
һҡͷˣѾߵһһ˵ʲôǺǻʱȻ֤һУھĻȥɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ߵ̨ǰС˾ƣȡһӢһྴȻһѪ£ȴҲӢһۡ
֮ʽǿʼͣȥкϼŵһЩȥˣʱȴ¶ЦݣͰף˺ް̬֮һҲⳡӡʱһЩҲڽĸ
ޱȵ֮УһĻŽȵϣӢܲصλaʡϽһǳĿвݵءӾصȻʩһСĻ԰ľţǳ˾ס
ӢڱһȦϲطϳޱҸЦݡ
¥µĴѾվžˣŮȴӣһľŮӶˡ
ȵ˸ԽϣӢֵ¥ϵңһţһ˵ζʹ˱УȴﾹһƬɫĺһʢõƺںЦӭλ˵ĵ
ɳϣеһƣ͡
ӢܵĻӢܣ֪֪СѾͷַҿȥˡҾϲ徲ߣСѾͷǲأúֽͣ㷿ġ
ӢЦЦȻ棬ʵⳡίˣӦ㵽ȥµģӢܳϾҪҵʵڳ鲻ʱ潫ǰҡҡͷӢܣѾˣǵļң㣬ʲôطҵ¡
Ӣ˵⻰ʱ飬ֺγΪ֮ĶĿʲôѾԼӣûб¶֮ǰһҸʱ⡣


 206 »֮ҹ
ʱ棬ĸñѵҲ鼤۾΢΢̧ͷӣ
촽ഥѾԼıݣӢܵԼӣ֮̽ţһҲ§ĲӣʼܼҵĻӦ
ãӢܱ͵ı棬Ŵ󴲶ȥȻѾ˺֮ԵҹǸеһĽţȫ˫ȥ
⿪Ļɴֻʣĺɫɫڿ㣬ѩ׵ļģԵýΡ
Ӣܴʱѳ㣬ԼҲֻһڿ㣬ѹϣٴǣ˫ȴͣϻš
ûһ΢΢ĴϢӢܾͽ⿪е֮
ȫ㣬ȴӰ𪣬ͦαĺţСɵѾղŵĸŪֱ֮ͦ䣬ƻףһ죬ɼ
ӢҲ˹⣬Ҫ潿֮ʱȴĵӢܣɲ԰ѵƹˡ
ӢȻܾ󣬾ȥ˵ƣȻ˴
ڰ֮УƺҲûôˣоӢܵ촽˹̧ͷȥ
Ӣܿʼ֮ʱ̲סһȻһӢܺȻĸױ֮ʱĺͷԶʱһȣһħӡȻһͦس
ݺòãܹܵסȻش̣ᶼʹҪˣ֫ʱͦšıӢܵӢܡʹ㡭Щòá
Ӣһǵӣһ˲ʧ֮󡣸оڵؼľΣȻа֮⣬һӾͷŻӿ֮⣬棬Բ𣬸ղçײˡҪҪͣ
ʱЩΪ»֮ҹҲû뵽Լӵںڰи˸ӢܵӢܣã㡭ֻҪЩûϵء
ӢܰһԼƽٲȥԼҵѪĿ汾һŮˣӢĵ´֮£ĬĬĳתΪ鲻ԽӭϣҲ޷ѹֵ֮ȵӢһйע˾ͽıһ԰ϣû˵
һӢܴ˵ƣȴǺΣﲨתޱȣȫһСŮ˵ģﻹаŮؾˬӢ뵽Ǹ෸ΪɷǵŮˣкȻӿһ֮С
ƵɷԼһĺߣЦЦʹҴҵ߽ԡϴԡȥˡ
ʱӢҲ˴£ȥȿȣȻӿһҩȡһһ֮Уҩ裬ȴǱѩþõıҩӢѾ׼ãԼⳡսһ磬Լĺӣǽ˸ʹġ
һ洩˯³Ӣܾͽȵ˹ȥ
ɷһۣվѷһЦһЦлл
𿧷Ⱥȥ
꿧ȣӢڴϣȻһȥСƤһȻǰӢܣһһ¡
Ӣܵʲô£
Ҹҵޡ
˵žʹӺóһпӢܣǶ٣
Ӣ֪ĳ־ͣ͵ж٣
һڰǧ˰򡣡
֣ӢҲɵһݣȻһڰǧ˰ϼ˵һʺܴĽǣ֪ĿǰٵʲôҪӽڳȷǷǳѵġ
ʱֵӢܣǮȻǸҵޣѾ˷ޣǮȻҲģǣ֪ϼżʽЩǮԸ˵ǳҪѾﲻϼæˣǮҲûʲôã롭롭
ӢܽӿڵЩǮ㲻Ҫ뻹磬ǲǣ
֪ѾԼ˼͵˵ͷӢܣҵɷҲȨǮȥ򡣡
ӢЩʵһֱ˼ζԴңĸ˵Ҳˣе¶ԼûԼȷ˼һУڵľӢܳеķͷڶڸǹйӦû⣬ҲǶڵ£Ͼӵĵֲ˵йб곬еҪö࣬ټϺгӢܼҪȥҪʱ䣬ĿǰƷֻ˵һϼŶݵƽ̨Ҫ׵ĻϼţǺѵ£෴ϼŵõǿ齫ֵǱıȨôֻҪδļ֮󣬺ôͻһ̨ףڵʵҪҪܳʱ䣬ϾһʽӽĻϹ۲죬ԸѾԽԽˣܹúϼЩĹϵȫܹɹѹصġ
һˣӢѾԣ˵ϼѾҪˣҪģǴдǸصĵطȥı
΢Цŵ棬ޣֱȻȫȨоͬ⣬һ㣬ǰʱҲҪϼȫ̸ҪʽҵлһЩȫ޳ĽϼŶɹѹء
汾һֱΪֳģԼΪҵһԱȴΪ⾡һֱĻΣӢôһ˵ʱһϲ̧ͷģӢܣԸһʽ
Ӣܵ˵ͷѾΪףҵ£Թۣϼڴһǳʱڣ粻˳٣磬Ҿȥ硣
һο֮иǳ˸м˵Ӣܣлл㣬лл㣬ܺҸΪѣҺò֪ж࿪ġ
˵⻰ӣӢȥи죬ˣԼûп
˵ڶ磬ӢܹȻһ׼ң֮ǰرһ绰˵ԼҪһڼš
aʡ֮ҵģӢصұݲͬȻڣ粵˶е⣬ǻ˵˽Ļֹ˵Ļ
֪ʱ鷿ʹӢ˶¥ƿţȴ鷨ӢܼˣȴһȻ鷨ô֪ܶһ˵ԵģܹʼȹȥȷԵĸı䡣


 207 ˫
Ӣܵ˹ȥ˿дģȴһдߣȻ֮޹ʼ֮ŭЮ󣬶־ԶҲ
ʱЦ磬дòڡۡһ仰ɡ
ȻȥӢܣ˱ʣֻ΢Цŵͷȥְֳұ仰ȻסˣȴûзϣȷǺе仰ʵڸúúõĥĥǡ
һȻ磬ܲͣӢ㵥̸̸
ŵӢһۣŶʲôĵģˣӢܳоҪҵˣ׼ŪЩʲôôйҲôһɣ
Ŀе⣬æ磬ΪȥӢЩᣬʱĹϵһӢлҪ˵
Ӣʱ棬ȳȥҺ絥̸̸
͵˵ͷһЦȻ߳鷿ϡ
ɳϣԼɳһָܣ֪ʲô̵ָġ
ӢҲĶ棬ˣûжľغͶģҲûִ̹ǵĳޣȻ֪Լɱĸףô˾һԼһصˣҪγһʲôľ棬ʵ
ͷֻһ΢Цŵ㲻ԸϣѾ޸ˡ÷򣬹ȥʲôԲסĵطǸ
Ѿ˵ˣӢLӦûʲôҳ˵ĿԷǳСȻЩģֵȴ޷ر֪пҲҪ޸ʱΪֳζ֪ԼúεȵСֺεº֮ʵ̫ίˡ
ºһӢܣңӦòǵǸô򵥣ʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãҾֱ˵Ӧ֪Ѿϼȫˡ
ЦһԸҿû뷨
ӢЦЦһԸһһԸһΣ֪ϼʽǳĽţҺԸ⽫Ӣܼŵһʽעϼţ֪Ρ
Ŷܿ濶ôϼŵعɷȤι𣿡
ӢܹһЦҡҡͷ̫СӢˣҶϼŵĹɷûκεȤʽȫ޳Ϣ㣬Ϊģϣܽܡ
ʱҲЦӢܣҲ̫СˣСϼţĿǰϼŵȷѣҿԺܿ϶ظ㣬ȫаܹͦȥϼҲʵܹͦȥ
Ӣ˵ʱǳĸ߰һ˵ĻţϼҲʵ
ȻԼѾˣȴԸܣҲûа취£ӢȻǿ΢΢һЦðɣʲôҪԸ˵Լܹæġ
ػȴĬһ󣬹һŵӢܣȻ֪LģͣδغܸɾȥҲʣǣѾ޸㣬ϣܹһɸɾˣϰӣʲôҪҳĵطңķϣǲԹ۵ġ
˵⻰ӺȻǰ㣬ĵһһ仰Ҫ㣬ҪжԲĵط㷢ģһ㣬һУҵãǾ۸ġ
ӢҲ֪˵ΣĻҲ֪ȫôһ죬ԼҲŪģȶԲԼңҪɱԼᷴֵֻ¼ˣ书ȷҲҪܲܿԼӵ
˾ûʲô̸ˣӢܾͺзȵЦŸǣʱ̬ƺҪЩ˳ȥǰô˵ӢѾʵϳΪԼ÷ѵҪԶĽȥûܲĵģҽӦƵģԼҪ̫üӣҲʵڲ顣
ڴ粡ȼ˵Ȼɷ¥룬ʱЦվӭȥӢܣ磬ĵôˣ
Ӣ΢Цҡҡͷ棬а취ɹϼĿǰѹأʵòҰæ
ˣʱһʧ磬ӢҲһ⣬㡭㻹ǽܰɣ֪ʱΪǮķ
Ȼ棬˾²ܣģиڣϼǲᵹġ
粸ղѾ˵Ӣ׼Ǯϼŵ£ĻشҲ¶˷ǳ΢ЦܺãȻԽԽˣ֪㲻ְʧġ
˵⻰ļָӢܵĺ⣬ѹضͦȥͲְĻҵ
ֻõǺðɣ磬Ӣܵˣ÷򰡡
ϴ΢Цã֪ˣҲҺӢкĵط
Цŵͷ
ʱֵ¹үһλţþöûôˣǿҪúõľһۣӢܺ
һ˵ţһ߾ͷԸӶǿһ߽˷
֮ϣӢ粵ȵ̸Ц精ʱʱһЩL£Ӣ֪ΪͺܽĻشš
ĵȻǸܹӢܳΪѣͣȰƣӢ̬ܵҲЩתҲʼòԵӢȻ֪ԼΪУǽǽ£ҲЦؾ˶ǣ׽Щż̸ܽ
Ӣܣֻ۴òʣŸɣλɽһʱַ֮·˵вɴǸпӢܣǶǵ꿡ܣйУܹùˣҷǳ죬ܹΪһˣѡǶԵģϣܹúõĺչδļʮڣй̽罫£Ӣܣȥ̶ЩɣΪõŮģӢһ֣ȥȫҪڸԻͣȫˡ


 208 κ
Ӣ粵ĻҲǲɵһȣзḻ뾭˵òȻųй֮̽ףֻϵģҵԼûκεĶԹúõ֣Ųʮ꣬й̽罫ȫȫԼУҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬ȻһȡĵλϼӢܼųΪ̽䣬Ҳǲܵ飬ϧ
뵽Լ޷ѵӢҲһȻʱƺҲһۣҲԼ֡
˵һڳе˶ĵ죬һţһЦŴðð磬ӢҪǳΪѣǻ޵У֪ôһģã̫ˡ
ջЦ绨һ˷ܵᣬ˵̫磬㲻ܰңǾˣɲУεӢһҪúõѧϰùһᰲڹ˾ְġ
ˣĵƳӢһۣæҡͷҡºܱɰﲻʲôæ
һǲУ˭˵㱿ˣᣬǼһϼ̫ӴѾˣҪһε˰ңʵѡûʲôء
֪ôһȷҪæҲǲҲ޸ӢܣҪҵסı⣬͵˵ͷ˵÷ǳеΪҵһӡôжӦԼΡ
Ҳǰᣬءİæ࣬ҲϣѸۻɡ
֮£ֻþúúáͶͶͰҲ˵ãҪҲԸˣɲǿҡ
ӦҲܸˣáҪǲˣҲûܹǿ㣬̸
˵ͷ
ڻֵн磬ӢҪؼˣ᱾ȥģϾҲСˣ֪Ӣ»֮䣬Լȥʵڲףֻôͷ
ص˱ңһ˵ӢܵĻıסӢܣܹҸ绯ȥᣬҽøˡ
Ӣܱӣֻٸн˵ʵСڲпѵжɹûܹܰӣĸϣҲ޷̫׽ּͥķΧǳأǣ֪Ѿ˶ãֶ֪ܹάֶãؼƻ뾡ɡ
***********************************************************ʮ֮ȵӢȥˣ֮ǰرе˱Ӣȥ˯ͷһһ˵ڶ죬Ӣһλһ˷ɻ
ӢܵͶӢܳڰºȫ½ţԤƵȻߣԶԶ˹ȥй꣬ӢܴʱȻһֽ֧Ĺṩ͵Ĺۣ˼۸ϵȨûȥƻģйɱֻۣڿҵһ֮ڽۿۣȻͽƷؼλйгƽλϣʹѾһЩͳеƷˣӿ˲
Ȼûֱӳ棬øܾԶӢͬ˼δ͵ĴӢܳйеķ۾Ҳͨãǿǿ֣һЩȻʧɫĹ˿ͣгйȻռͷӢܳ¹ȴѸٳ嵽϶λãӢҲ˴˳˺չͷ
Ӱ̳ϣӢܼŵġ䡷ȴƳгⲿڹ˵ʾ޴ӰƬӱؼɫټǰڵĲͣһг̾ͻ˿ǰĳɹ֮ϣˣһǵƷɣһƬеĵһŮҶٻ˵òֿݼĹý壬ʼýƼƬйμӰ˹񽱵Ľ𣬶ҶٻΪŮǵĺѡ֮һ
ӢܼŵһɹûӢ̫ģУһֱǱǻѪ𣬺üҹﱻξѣμ⹫ţΪʲôԼ
ʱӢܵĸѾԽԽˣʵû뵽澹һǳ׼ĸ͵Ůˣ°ŵþҽɷϰߣӢܵһ񣬶ʲô
ӢҲȷһǳɷÿһ˰ͻϻؼңżҪȥҲʱʱĴ绰棬ȵϺܾãУҲѷ⻹ǳġ
ѩҶٻ֪ӢȢĿģڿԼĸ飬ڹϣϵ
һ磬ڲƺһ׼ȥӢϲԵİ˱ѼһӶ˴ӴС˳ˣ˵ĵ绰
Ͻ߽绰ιӢʲô£
绰ʹӢܺ͵棬ȥҸҺʰһ촩·Ȼ󵽻
һ㶣ӢܣҪʲôطȥ
Ӣֵ棬ʣȥʰ˻ͻ֪ҾҪˡ
ʶɷ򽫸ԼһľϲģæðӢܣȥܿˡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰ңҳһƤ䣬ҴһЩԼӢܵ·ȥȻͿԼһɫš
˻ͣóƤ߽˺ͼӢţ첽˹ȥȻһЦӢܣǵ׵ȥ
ӢЦŽеһСӵݸȥ
Сһʱһ򡣡
Ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷֳ棬ǰʱһֱûп£ڹ˾Ѿ죬Щȥһʱ䡣
ѾӢܽˣ˵һûһ죬Ȼܹɷڴҵּįٲ˵ģӢһ˵˵òзǳŮˣֻɷӢܣлл㡣
Ӣܸ˸ʽԵúĵ㷢ɵϣⱾǷģڲлʲô


 209 ֮
ɷᣬֶһЦӢܣûֱӷİ
Ӣܵ˵ͷûУȷ¼£Ȼתȥ򣬻ʮ¼µİҪˣȥǻ
˵ǰȥûһ˵ǻƻһ˰ͨ
ĸСʱ֮󣬾͵¼¡
¼λǰ뵺϶˵һСشӡйķֽ紦̫ƽӡҪ׺Ͽĳڣʮ·֮һһ뵺60Сɡ˿Լ400򡣻ռ˽˳ɣռһɰ룬⻹ӡ˼֣ڻΪҵķйǳơ
¼½ʷ乤ҵչʮѸ٣ҵΪ壬طչʱܼ͡߼ҵҪʯ꾮̨졢ұ𡢻еӵȡȫԣ20ڼӹΪչݣС԰֮ǡ֮ƣҵչѸ٣ѳΪҾ֧֮һͨšۡոӵһĻ裬æĸۿڡ
ûת¼¶죬Ҫ֪¼Ķ⼮ο͹ﷴ˰ߣֺųƹãصƷڴˣĿ汾ǺϲڵҲǴջ
˵죬˾µǻȥĸСʱ֮󣬾͵׶ۡ
λ˹Ϸ650ĺ¶ˮ漰¶ˮĴССǧɺɣȫΪ򹲺͹ɱϾУγһĽȺشǧ춼ΪŴ׻ɽɣеͻΪɳеݳɻ״ɺȦ׺ɫӡϣһıʯ̡еˮΣƣټҷǳӻе֮ƣҵΨһ֧ҵ
С׶ֻƽֵûпİ·ȥǾ׵İɳ·ԻĿذɫɺͶɫɫŴΪǿҵĶԱȣָխ˵Ϊ˱ħ֡ڵСеҪͨﵥ·ٿȫŷ˹̣ʱɼԲμҿԷǳŹıġ
صĹңӢһ·ɻϲƽֵ͡ذɳ·ɢŲ
û߶ãͼһŻеģںݡʮ߰Ц˹Ӣк̫̫Ǻãҽе²飬ҪסްɣҪ֪ʱοͲ࣬ЩƵļһܰˡǵľƵǳ棬ǲµģұ֤ÿܵͳش
ӢܶԻǮȻںҲȷҪһ򵼣͵˵ͷãǵľƵ
ǵ²̫̫Ǹҵˣ֪ôƺ
Ӣܵйˣԣ̫̫
ǵ²ͷйˣǸң˿ɲ٣˵ʵӢ̫̫ƯйһûҰ߰ɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ǰ·
ӢǣָţĵĶ棬ҿС컬أ˵ǸƵδжá
ʱһֻסĸ첲ͷļ࣬һҸ״ĵģӢܣֻҪһסʲôطУҪ̫ˣٻһҾǡ
˵֮䣬˶ʮӣͼһͷͷ֮ͣʽĿͧʱȻûʲôˡ
ǵ²ȴӢߵ˺ƫƧһطͣһҿͧѾǳϾˣᶼһ롣
ǵ²֪˻񼣬Цĵ㲻֪ÿֻһƵ꣬ÿƵӴĿͧҲͬǾƵʵһҷǳĿͧģϧǰ컵ˣֻʱһˣǷģǵľƵǵһġ
Ӣܿļ֪Ȼн2000죬ɹȴֻԿᵺ˵羰Ҳ͵²飬ǵľƵʲôϣ
²µҿɲԿ䣬ǵµȻûпᵺôǾɫȴҪ֪ᵺȻҲȥ̫̫࣬ˣλķޣȥľСû˴ţʨңȣζжð
һ˵ţһ˫ֽ棬ԼסԼļͷһܿЦ
ӢܴʱѾо²ҪԼȥĵطһܲ棬Ҫ浽ĿͧǱȥ
ȻҲ֪²⣬ȴĻˣǰĵһһЩοͣһֻԼɷһֵĶɹһʱ䣬ǲ£ھƵòãǵҪˡ
Ӣ֣ܵӢܣǲȥƣҲǸõطء
ӢܼȤֻõ˵ͷԵ²ǺãǾ͸ȥ
ǵ²Ӣôһ˵ʱüЦæڵкϿͧ
Ӣڿͧã²Ϳſͧǰȥ˵ҿͧȻ¾ɲȴǲٶȱͨĿͧҪһЩˮǳ˷ˣһ·УǺӭϮĸо˵泩
²˵µȻԶֻʻſͧĵд˹ȥСʱѾ˰һ·ĵ֮Ҳûʲô̡
Ӣ󣬵һҲ²ʲô
һСʱңԶԶľͼһСֻ²˵һλµˡ
˵žͼʻſֱͧȥ
һͿ˰ǵ²˨ÿͧʹȥȴµķǳƯԲȻıһƬɭ֣ʱɼɫɭȥĵȫϸϸ̲ݣڵģȴһȻʮװڻˮγһȻ峺ĺԱߣȴһߵľ¥Ѿвٵʱ䣬²ҿͧһЩƾˡ
ȻˣȴȻķסˣ̲ס޵ĺ
ӢܼǳľҲɭֻкȻûʲôִȴһַ豹Ǵ¾ɵСľ¥ĻҲһִӣҲͷţǲ²飬㵹û˵Ѱ
²˴ƫƧСй뱻ӢԼôشȴ˾ȻСжʱһЦ˳˵Ŀ̫̫ôûƭǰɣǴţôൺУµһǿԵϱߵĺ̲ȥɳϸ


 210 ֮أ1
һ˵ţһ߾ʹǴСľ¥ȥСľ¥ʱѾ˵ƹ⣬ҲʱĻӦõС͵ķ
һף²ʹĺǣˣӭӡ
ĻСľ¥ͺܿĳһһŮʮˣеǸ߸ӣȻЩڣ໹ӢŮƤɫģ㣬Ӧ֮ˡ
Ǹ߸˼Ӣ棬ſ˫ΣЦӢĿˣӭǹµ´Ƶꡣ
ӢӢҲ˵÷ǳ׼֪Ӧһֱ£¾ɵСľ¥˵ʲô´Ƶ꣬Ҳ̫Цˡ
µķ羰⣬Ȼ֪²ƭҲΪ⣬ΣֻҪܹ濪ģﶼһ
˹ȥ΢ЦãҽӢܣҵ棬йˡ
Ǹ߸ӴһۣƵǵòҲ¶˾֮ɫһӢ֣һ޵Ưйˣһᣬһᡣ
Ӣ֮󣬸ŵҽжǡҵŮ
˵žɫƤŮһֵָ²ҵĵܵܡ
Ӣ֮ĹϵЦŶô˵´Ƶܾ߶³ˡ
ǶЩ˼ЦЦܾʦǸܾŮӦ²ǵĹز
˵ҲЦ㲻ϺӢ´Ƶ꿴氡
ǡٺ١Цͷǣҳϣҽе²˵һ⵺Ͻֻˣͳشˡǵķ񡣡
ʱһǵ˽ȥ
Ƕ²ͺܻĹȥֱۣһ𾴵Ŀˣɡ
ͺܿĵǣӢܵ˽ȥȴһ򵥵СƹʽеʶľͷˣǳشֲڣӦǶǵ˾͵ȡɡ
ݣǾ͵λ˵¥ϵķȥҪ׼ˡ
Ӧһ΢ЦŴӢ˶¥߽һ䷿ⷿȻҲǳªҲ̵ض裬ɾһСС䡣
򿪷ŵĴӡ̫̫ǵͳ׷ˣǿεĴ󺣣ϣԿɫô徲ϾˣڱľƵܲء
ϲںǮлǺܺ棬С㣬סһҪǮ
Цŵ࣬ࡣͳ׷ڱĵطǧԪһ죬òôֻ࣬ҪǧԪˣȫʳ޻Ǳˮߣϻиݡ
˵⻰͵²һ˸㣬סҪȽǮģ֪ס죿
ӢЦȷɣȽǮ
һ˵ţһ߾óƤУһǧС
ﻹڵӢܻۣû뵽Ȼôˬ죬֪ѵõĴˣӹ˿ȷģ춼Цúϲ£ˣлȻ̫̫ڷϢһŪˣһǵء
˵⻰˳ȥš
ȵһȥӢܾЦ棬ǿסϺڵüһǧԪһƷӵͳ׷ˡ
΢ЦŵĹؿڵӢܣҵͳ׷ҵظоãˣ㿴ǼˣһܽӴ˼ˣֿġ
ӢȻʹǮӵһ󣬾ȥϴȥˡ
˴ԼСʱ֮󣬾ǵ²ĺ̫̫͡
Ӣȥ¥£ȴһŷѾ˼ˣʯ㡢Ϻߣͷһѣһ̺ëһ㽶һƿѾ򿪵ĵġ
ȵȸǸһƣȻ̫̫ζ´ƵĸϾҪʼˡ
һ˵ţһ߾˵һȥûһ³ȴֲȹװ
ʱ²Ҳӳ˳²ﱧһӦǵе٣ʼǾͷſ˸裬Ȼõȴǳ
˵Ҳ赸öȣȫĹǽҲǳ鶯ƺܹרҵѵ
ŪĺζʵڲôӢҲûܹԵζڸУֵСжеǳĿġ
һ裬ӢܼЩˣͷǺˮЦŵˣǣ²飬ҲҺȾơ
Ҳվ԰ǻûгԷһ졣
Ȼ͵͵ͲӢô˵̾ͣΧϣҲͳһ߳ԣһ߾Ӣ澴ơ
ʻʵûʲôζӢܵȵ÷ǳġһͺͶ²黮ȭȴʯͷӣȭҲǳС
˻ȭȾơﶼЦӯӯԱţ￴һ󣬾ȥ棬̲סٴΰò۹Ƶ澱Ϲҵָϴöָ۾ʱһ̫̫ͽָƯ
ĽЦŵɷҵĶ֮ָʱأǺƯҷǳϲ
۾Ȼһ̫̫ʯڰʮָҲа˿ӦֵһԪɣ˲Ǯ
˵ͶӢܻȭĶǵǣǸûϢˣ㿴˼̫̫ģ㣬ĽָҲ𡣡
Ļ˶ֹͣĻȭָƣɫƺЩˣ̾һȻ𣬵һأҷģһ̫̫ĻƯֵǮ
˾죬ҡͷ˰ɣǣ⻰˵ʮˣƾͲܣԶôƯָ
ǴʱɫԽԽѿˣæʵô˵йһ仰޼۱ѵɡֻҪĵĶãһܹģʵûǮûйصδǲҪģҪҵɷһ⵰Ҳ޸
ܾԼĻԣ͵ͷ˵ˣ²ȴСˣҸȱ˲ˣ˵۵ĸҲ٣˭Ҹġ
ʱȴǳȵ²飬˵ˣ䲻
˵⻰ʹӱվ¥ȥ²æںš
Ҳֲ̿ӢǿЦһЦҲ¥ȥȥȥˡ
龰Ӣ治ɵЦҡҡͷճյӢܵӢܣʵҾ뷨ĺɵصָʲôãֻҪԼ˶ԼãǳԵòЩòЩʵҲֵܹġ
ЩһӢܶìָܶӵĸ鵱޷ҲǸд΢΢һЦҲһֱǮûᵽ˵ζԲſ˵
ܿ϶ҡҡͷǷǮûйϵӦŮ˵һԣһ׷󣬿ҪϵĻǾϵģ㿴˼ҾƶķҲǹͦ𡣡
˵⻰ķӢܷϵֱϣӢܣǧҪҵǮ˵С㿴һһУҲǻĸܿġ
Ӣܹᵽĳ飬Ҳ֪СͷǳŽҶС㲻ȥʱ̶ΣյؾĻųȷκܹɣ¾ͷƣϸָԼһǣȴһ̾ôõŮ
ɷĶ浱һˣʱ򲢲Լһ飬ȴԼӣģһģһܸоÿһ춼ộҷ·ÿһ컹һ֣İûоͷԶԶ
˵ڽ֮ܰʱȴ¥ϴһеǣˣǸʲôԲ𣬸ղҶǺ˵˵òã㡭㲻ҪȥҪȥ
ȻļѾǵǡļȴһǹ²͸ҲһλεĿ


 211 ֮أ2
²ڵӢһۣѾµҪʲôȻẦ£ɿ֣ţŶ²鵽Լߡ
ʱǶһ׶񣬽ǹӢܵͷԲ𣬽ҪˣеǮó
˵⻰һָ㣬̫̫㲱ϵϵĽָҪ졣
ǵ²Ȼȥû£ֻǸŸ£ſֶԶԣһֻ̫̫Ҫϣǲ˺ǵġ
˿ҲѾץסǵֵǣ㣬ôˣ̫̫Ǹǲ򾯲ָ淢ģǺòײŴһǮûҪСܾ˰
Ƕǽ͵˦ҧ˵öԣǸûϢˣȥֻûϢµƽʱͲǿˣ˷ǳǮҪŪϼһҲһǮ˵ء
ּŵǣǮǲԸ⻨ģϸԿ࣬ҲԸô˵ǮҪǱץסˣкص̵ġ
ǴҲ£ȥҺ͵²Ҫ˵أҪĴ̣϶ͲˣҸһƱ͹ǽˣģֻҪǲǲġ
Ӣ˵ĶԻ໥һۣɫжûŭ⣬ֻǳҸղŵȷ˴̼һ׼֮ͽ
￴ѾȰסǣ̾һ˵Բ̫̫ǵȷ̫ҪǮˣһкܶܶǮһҲûʲôģңˣǲῪǹģָ̫̫ң㣬ղǸƤУͳ
ҡҡͷУָɷ͸ҵģ˵зǳҪ壬ǲκ˵ġ
ӢҲ΢ЦŵǮУ¸ǣʵҲ̫ûӡ
ֽǹͷһֵǮǲҪˡ
ǽǹָɷͷϣ߻аŭָ˶Զɷǵ̬һкһҪ֡
Ӣһֱ۾ƳŶǿŰ֣ȫаֻҪָһԼܹܹȥҪ֣ס棬
ġָݳڣҲվֱһҲʲôĶǵ֦ǹѾϡ
ı仯ֻգ֮䣬ǸûзӦǹֻֻȻؾš
ʱֻӢַܵɿĶţʱ֮ڣǵǹѾľһжһ
㷴Ӧһ²飬쿳
һ˵ţһ߾ͻȭӢ̫ܵѨȥ
ӢܲǹĶܴԼŵɷҲ𾪣Ҫ֪ڵؾ֮ʱҲרѵжװǹеһùھɷĶȴԼӵʱҪö࣬治֪ôģйʲôľЩѾľȥʣ²鼸ͬʱɷȥɵýһȵӢߣڶǰѨһ̲ܶˡ
ʱ²ĿҲѵӢܵļͷȴȥǵָȥ²ĿʹжϣָڷɳĵһǶѴҲײ˵²ǰҲӲ
²ħƵĶʱеħħйħ
סˣЦŵ£ǲħõҲħйĹӦ˵ɡ
йȻ޶ţ¶Цݣ԰ȻŵͶ²ᡭ᲻£
ҡͷᣬֻǱҵѨȫѪԽסˣֻҪ⿪ͻûµġ
ŷģȻӢͷ̫̫һжҵĴΪңǲᶯǮͷģŹ͵²飬ҪͷͳͷҰɡ
Ӣ»֮䣬⣬²ֲʮ֮ͽʲôɱղŶε̰в죬Զǲĵģ͵ͷ㣬У˺ҵɷΣҶҪǵֻ֡
һʱּҵ죬ôУ̧̫̫֣Źǰɡ
ҡҡͷУеǾŹģǡ
»أæʲôֻ̫̫Ҫ㲻ǵ˫֣ʲôС
⽫һԸ˫ִ棬ͷͿԷŹǡ
Ļɫ䣬ʱԥ˸ͣŷǳҵ˼붷˺һϾ¶˲Ȼ֮ɫ̧ͷ̫̫ҶģΣҪͿҵ˫ְɣӦңһҪŹǡ
֣ûʲôǮҲûرı£αҪ֪ȫȥһǮĸ̣û˫֣һӿɾͻˡ
ҵһЦҰǣĵģֻϣܹǮƵ·صΣҪԶҲֻˣҲҵĶû˫֡
ȻǮ㻹飬Ҳеһοֽ⿪ǵѨһֵ˵²֮ԣ⿪Ѩ
ǸղȻ޷ĶԻȴʱһܶҲߣҵҴˣǲΪʧȥ˫ֵġ
ʱѾ§סǵǣ㶼ΪңҽҲҪгϢˡ
ǵûб£ܿࡣ
˵Żֱͷʹ
¶ӢܺȴǺЦһһ̾ǣɣģǲҪ˭˫ֵġ
Ļ˶һ㶣Ȼ¶˾ϲ֮ɫ̫̫ķŹˣǡ᲻ᱨ
߳ҲᱨģӦ֪ˣǮమ˵ԲҪġ
ʱҲվһмһ̫̫ллĿ


 212 ֮أ3
ҡͷǣмãסӽԺǧҪͷˣûк³ġ
ǵ˵ͷӢȻڣ͵̫̫ԲǲٴȥˣҪߣϷ羰ʳǿԴһʱģߣһὫ²ҿͧµġ
Ҳ׶ǵ˼æЦǣģĲᱨģ⵺ȫԼӪȥ
ҡҡͷˣµⴱľ¥ҲǺܶǰһɳʱ޵ģһ˺ٵǮ˹ûʲôˣҾҪˣ²鵽淢չˡ
²Ҳޱȵйˣͷǰһˮ⣬ȥæˣǶԼҵһֱûдӦڿǲĻᡣ
Ѿ⣬뵽һߣ⵺ϾֻʣԼӢˣǺε£ҲǿˡЦŵ˵ͷðɡȻǴ⣬Ǿ߰ɡ
淢æлˣ²ɫҴҵ¥ȥûһ͸һƤ
Ӣ˴ǡ߳ľ¥ȴӢܴվס
ôһȣ˶һΪй˺ˣǻعսսصСʲô£
Ӣһ¡
˵⻰¥ȥһȴһֽȥݵǵϵȥ
ǽӹһȴһе֧Ʊдʮ
һ£ҲסˣӢܵǡʲô˼
Ӣǣסһ˾ԲŮƲҪԼгϢÿһ˵˲һҲб죬ҲҲڷܣҲ㻹лᡣпһɣΪҲһͰûа취ʩչԼĲܣҾ͸һͰܺúãǧôûи㡣
֧ƱֲȻһͷȥлл㣬лл㡣
ӢһѽǣҪޣסҪˣصˡ
ǹȻֹסᣬĨĨҲ¶˼֮ɫ˵ͷǣҼס,ģҶҪǲܰʮɸǮҾͲˣ䲻ҲԲ㡣
Ӣܿ²ҲһмҪл˻ֵ߰ɣҲллҪģͺúõϧ˴ˣϧᡣ
ô˵ˣ˱ľһȻľ¥ȥǶʮֺȻ˻ܸҽôҵϣһܹվǰ֤һˡ
ӢܸоӦһ־ˣ͵˵ͷãһţ͵йӢܼӢܡ
ǶǼҲûж˵ʲôӢһȻҴҵȥˡ
ȵ뿪ߵӢܵߵӢܣ÷ǳܵû뵽ôϸĵˡ
ӢŶǵرӰÿһ˶пҪʮ˵࣬пܻıһ˵ˣȻÿһҲԵ֣ܲܳɹҪ컯ˡ
˵ͷӢܣҺͱһֱΪǸĵغˣûпܼ޸㣬ʵҵĸ
ĻӢ˼ԼյĽ֣ȴһ̾ʱ뵽ղŵ֣ĵѨʯһΣȷǴӳȫ˼ģĿãԶţȥʲôطǵط׶ʲôԽԽ棬뾡ĵ⿪еɻҲеĶԹ
ɷ˼Ϊǵ£ֵӢܣˣǵȥɣϵҹɫж
ӢܻعһͷȥЯ߳ľ¥
ȳľ¥֪ΪʲôµˡֻһԶƽйضԲͷϵ֮СԲεĺˮӳһ֮ɫء
μ˵жˣû˵ǣߵϱߵĺ̲ȫϸɳ˱ЬӣŽŵٽĵط˫˫һ𣬾ѵһ¡
ã˷ȥΨ¥ߴʤŪӰ˼ת粻ߣӦк޺³ʱԲбԲȱ¹ȫԸ˳ǧﹲ濾ꡣ
ֽ֮ͷӢܵļͷӢܡסˮͷȥȻ֪ȫף֪ˣǸˣԸ˳ǧﹲ濾꣬仰˵ãܹԶԶʮǲٵءܹ꣬ǧ꣬ǸжðҪǱǻõģ֪жˡ
龰֮Ҳܹ뵽ᣬӢܲɵøпǽ棬ñҲ޸𣿡
ȴܿ϶ص˵ͷͷǵģӢܣȥҲΪʲôô㣬Ϊٲ£ǺһʱԽҾԽԽᣬ۹ⲢûпҰ֣Ҽˣȴȼ޸㣬˵ܶԲᣬӢܣ˵ʵҪǼ޸ˣһ治ġ
Ӣܸ˸ͷ棬Ҳûеá
΢Цҡͷ̧ͷӢܣҿ㣬һ̫ʧˣҲʲôš
ӢԼȫεȴǲһز治Ҳ񣬵֪ԼĿĵʱķӦ
ʱȴӢܺȻһЦıԼ
ӢҲӿ飬ĵͷԼ촽ӡӣ֮ϡ
汻ľУʱгŶִŶŨŨİĹסӢܵĲӣһĽ֮촽֮УѸٵ̽⣬ܼľ
ӢܱŮУҲһУ
໥ļ֮УӢǱҰҲȻѹ£һֻȴT֮УỬʵ鷿ֻ֮£Ū
Ѿ˼µķޣЩѾûôˣɷŪԼ΢΢Ťǿ﷢֮
ʱȻеɷԼѣȻҪʲô뵽棬ܵץס֣Ӣܣǲ
ӢȴʲôҲû˵ȻĬĬڽTϾȥ
֪ǳƫƧ뿪ˣʲôоɷǳԼҲ糱ɿץסɷ֣һĽԼû㡣
һ˿ҵĳӢܵǰ¹֮£ţѩ׵ļͦ鷿ϸ֫޳˫ȣһзµŮһ㣬ʥȴֲʧġ
ӢǱŮȫŷϣĿʼ룬ʱѾһȫŮˣѽ鶯糱Ȼйȥʹ࣬Ӣܷ֮ʱҲ΢΢ͦӭš
˺ӢܵĶԽԽ죬Ҳûʲô˼ɣԼ
֮ӢϷ˼߽Уһйעû˳Ծɷţͽıı
ֹһ˲ŷֿӢվ棬ߣǵӾ
оԼ㺹¸԰֮Ĳ͵˵ͷӢһӵ˺ˮ֮Уȴ⺣ˮ¹¼峺ˮµһЩǡС֮ȫ۵ס
ӢΪɱ֣С;ѵˮȻи״ĹϢˮԸǷһ˿ɱȣ˾ͽԽԽԶ뺣̲Ѿ˶ס
鼫ãߵӢܵӢܣǱˮòã
Ӣܵ˵ͷðһǱ
ЦЦǾͿʼɡ
˵Ż˾һһȻǱǵ˶ʮ֮Ӣܾ͸еؿڳҡҡ֣ʾԼҪȥˡ
ȴסʯи
ʱ˹ϵʯȫȻͬˮӵ
˶ǻ㣬Ӣıţʯ龰ȼһصʽϡ
֪Ҫʲô뵽˹죬ɵôɬӢִܵˣֻǿϣӵǣ½ӣˮţǱһζ


 213 ֮أ4
úһӢŽһκе԰γˮ棬ͷͷɳ̲֮ϡ
ӢܼʱѾ۰֮Уƺĵ棬˵ĸ׽лƣǲǣ
ǣлơ
ӢܵһҲúƯɣôŮ
лڼ޸֮ǰһľȻûиŮһΪ˳Ƶģĸ׵ò赱ȻƯҷǳܸɣϼµ˹װ˾һִġ
Ӣֵһȥ˵Ǹصĵطôˣ𣿡
лƳĬһ󣬲ŵ룬ǳ룬һʱζμǡ
Ӣܵ棬Щһֱʣֹϵҵܣ֪ɲ˵
ʱȻſӢܵϣӢܣѾ޸ˣ˶ģ֮仹ʲô˵ġ
ӢܵԶõĵѨʯղˮĹ̸ֽİɣ
˵ͷҰ̵ֽģöĹҸѧʮ֮һ
ĻӢҲһһʱ֪Ļǲڹ̧ԼĸףֵôЩǲҲǸطѧء
ǰʵй书ȥǷǳģֻǾսңһһʧˣֻҰȴԵɺϡѧЩʧ书ܹͻļޡ
Ӣܹⳤһ̾һصĵط
ֺЦӢܣ֪֪Ǹطҵݿɺ治һ
ӢܵŶʲôһġ
ֹ¶ԥ֮ɫ
Ӣܼ״֪滹ôԸ˵߸ܡ֪һǲеˣʱͱɫ¶˺ܲ˵ӵˣˣ棬ҵܡȻܸˡ
ӢѾһһĽעϣȻãᵽңˡ֮ĻҲЩŻţϸȻ˵׼˵ǸطܡӢѾԼɷԼһʵڲǱˣ³Ҫ֪ġʹ˻˵˳ҲԵԼ⡣
뵽ֱӣӢܣǸðܸ˵ˣס¹ϵǳĴһ֮أǧǧ˵ȥ
ӢĻжʱһ֪ԼĿھҪﵽˣҲӣŵãҲ˵ġ
˵ͷӢܣ·ǳȣһǷĵġ
˵⻰ȴʼĬƺ˼̸
һŵӢܣйʷ˽⣬Ӧ֪ۣ֮ɡ
ӢLרŵʦйʷй֮󣬸˽ⲻ٣β֪رʣ͵ͷʱȨĳλֶĻʵҲݵĵĽɽ
ͷǲ˵Ͼǣĵ䲻
ӢܶԴ˵ӡ˵ʱʹо˴𣬶ĵ䲻˵ѾڴɥˣҲ˵ҳ˺У˵Զ󣬵ȥˡ
ҡͷʵЩ˵ԣ꽨ĵû뾩ǵǰʹ˷ȵںʥһϻΪʥݱǰҪڣʱ
Ӣһ棬ĪǾְڵ֮ء
ͷӢܣǵأݵ۴ϻݺеĶȵġɮñ굶һ·ͼ·ͼȴµһףΪӱһ·ġ
ӢȻ֪¾λˣɱ֮ĴһǷ˵ڲ㣬벻ȴġ
ҡҡͷ⵹һı㣬Ⱥַǳ˽λǵƢԣѾϵԪ谼ݱббʣ߱£ǧ࣬ҵһԴأͼֽ׸ʥ棬ʥ֪ݵ̫δܹռ£
˵ֵ˺ĵ۽Ŵ׷ɱΪɮˣ£һЩȻЧԼĳ¼ҵܹɽˣǻ°ͼϵĵַʧ֪֮Υûµģͽ·ȫ뷨ӷˡ
ӢܵӦúܴ󰡣ôûб·
Ǻܴ󣬿ǵ÷ǳأһٺȫǰһмǿҵ쫷磬ֻ޷ȴȫڱڣһýĵȫ˾綾֮ݣֻһطͨУǣһֽĿʯпʯܹǶ޷鵽Ĵڡ
ӢһʲôطȴԽԽ棬˼ŸΪʲôĵͼܿ뵽꽨ĵ۴ȥ˹δȫˣԼ͵͵˻ȥȴż仭˵ͼֽ
ʱҰֵʵҲ˾һҰȴų˵ǻ̵˹ǵĴ󽫾Ʒ˹ȥͳһһֱڻеǿԴңһĻʵۡ
Ӣ˵һ𣬻ʵۣ֮ӣ˵һңԶʣ벻ϾȻ˴ڣңһʲôĹȡ
뵽ֿʼ˼ԼҵǷݵͼԼҵ˵Ͷ·֮ʱǰȥҲΪ˱ܻõʲôܹϻʵۣӦǿԼ޺ݶֽƻĸ˵ȷҪһҵȾݣǵط˳ЧңԼҪѪֻǸˡ
ǣ֪ǰнޱȣӢǿҵĶ־ܹΪʵۣԼΪʲôܣҪһУĸ׷Ѿ˼ԼҪԼһҪһҪҪһУȻɱı𣬲ʹ죬ܳ׵Ľ⿪Լͷ֮ޡ
ǿеļߣʱӢܵû¶˿ɫֵ棬ôǸط
ְ˵˾үүҵ
Ӣܵ˾壬˭
ǹȥһλ󽫾˫ȫǳһŮ˾٣书Ҳܺã޸Ұְ֣ΪҲҵ֮һ


 214 
ӢһЦΪԼУȻѻƭˣ㲻뵽¾ҪףֻƤǣҿ޶С
ʱһ棬ղ˵ң治ͬӦýˡ
Щ˼ĵ˵ͷǵģҺ͸ŰְֺȥһңҸԶҷӺ
ӢܵӺֵܺô˵㲢еڶˣֻжŮ
Ȼǣʵ滹кЩ㣬ǱᣬҲСģȥʱʮ̻꣬ź
Ӣܵ˵ʵ۵ĳһ㶼Ҫ̫ӵģΪԶ̫ӣĪҲĳӡ
ҡͷǣǰְʱ̻µģǰְֵĵһӣְû̫ӣɣи磬ʣǺģְַΪ֪ǲңĻʵۡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ棬Ǹط棬֪ﰡ벻
ѾûдٶɷκεЦӢܣʵܽġ
ӢܸˣŶ
ϱйL֮绮֣ӦL
ӢܶʱһϸLĵΣй֮ȷһƬɽ롣ȫǹľԭʼɭ֣һLһֱûʲộȴ澹ôһܡ
ô˵Ҫңֻһطԣ֪
YʡɽɽۣȥΪ˷ǽְ޹һݣѾˡ˵һܴˮ̶ְֱֵȥġ
ĻӢֻԼҿʼҵĲ֪޵ˣѪҲڿ˽ᡣ
뵽պȻҪΪĻʹһӢܲɵһǸ⣬Ǹܿͱʴǵĳ޳嵭ˡ
˼װȴɥĲ£һЦְǲǵĴ󽫾ȻľӽͥƷԼȴ˻ʵۡ
γƵ۵Ḷ́沢Ҳûע⵽ɷĿЩˣ˵ԭǸʵۻ޵ûҵĲܣְֲڳӵɱģҰַǳ壬һеģңһ˸еƽ͵ԴİöǳҸ
ӢˣһЦҰģĲ̣ǵ
ʱѾҹɫ棬ѾˣǻǻȥϢɡ
úȥ뵽;ۣղ꣬Լڹ볣˲ͬɷȴδܵˣ͵˵ͷðһЩˣǾ߰ɡ
˵Ż˾͸Դ·Ȼǣľ¥ȥ
***********************************************************һʮ죬Ӣ涼羰µ棬ľ¥ʳﻹв٣ֳȥϲǱˮȥ׽㣬춼ܳԵʵĺʣӢѾ˱ؾɹһҲһֵʱ⣬ǷǳʱһЩLĲ˸ƷЦռûͣݹԵñƽʱҪöࡣ
ʮ֮УӢܳŶҾɿͧȥΣûþͻˣҲûжʡ
һ죬˹ͣȻǣȥɳ̲ʱյбµܵɺ֮ϣɢɫĹâԵɷ
Űɫ黨ȹſӢ֣ܵ죬ͣתţһתһ߷˽ЦƽʱС˼һ㡣
ӢվԱߣĬĬŮ棬һֱû˵ȵȫͣŵ棬׼ȥˡ
ȻӢ˵Ļʱסˣ¶˷ǳʧ֮ɫɫܿʧˣǿЦЦǰӢܣôæȴҳ˿£Ǹûȥˡ
˵ޱµľ£ϧǾҪ뿪ˡ
ʱӢȴӿ֮ͳһźСֽϡ
㶣Ȼ΢Цʲô
Ӣܵ棬
ͽ⿪ǺֻֽҴҵĿһۣ;µĵ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷµĵӽѾµˣǽ浺Ѿ͸ˡ
һ󣬲͵˵ĻӢܣӢܣ̫ˡôл㣬ô򵽵ģ
˵⻰Ҳ̲סֻԼҸŮˡ
ӢܵĿһ󣬾͸ͷɵϣҵӣ˵ʲôллġ
ʵøлǱᡣǲʶģ޸㣬Ҫҽʧȥõɷ̫ˡ
ԭµȻȺ򣬵ķɣһǲ۸˵ģֻãӢ⼸γȥ뵱йزŽ棬ؽ¸˼ܹԱС潫ԶΣȻϲۻٴҪĸȥ֮Ȼύء
ĻӢܵ棬Ҳʲôõɷϣ֮Ū˳˸ңֻϣܼסһοֵʱ⡣
⻰Ǳŵ˼ıӢܣҲ˻ܽǷֿҪǽ֮ʲôᣬһ˷أӢܣ˵ǲǣ
Ӣֻõ˵ͷЦŵϣɡ
ں̲ӵֲ֮ɳе죬ֱˣ뿪
ӢѾ˻Ʊ˯磬ͺ˴һŪ˶ͣ뿪浺Ϸɻ¼£һ֮ٴתصaʡ
aʡ㣬Ӣв飬Ҫĸȥ͸˵һȻرԼȴֱӵĸ׵¥¡
ݷѾӵӢܵĵ绰һԼңţͼеĵܶôʲôط𣿡
ӢһͷǵģѾˣһ֪ôȥ
ݷӹһ˿ϲɫ˵ʲôطǸطʲôܣ
Ӣܵ¾ͽԼ˵һԭԭĸݷ˵ˡ
ݷڶУҲȱɫȵӢ˵꣬Ų̾ŵԭˣԭˣֲȻôǮ벻ԴĵطұػҪҪ벻ᵱ˻ʵۣߣңȡúðҪңڣûôס
ӢҲǲԶңȥģ裬Ѿˣźù˾£ͳȥʲôңԼҵѪ𡣡
ݷʱĬһ󣬵ܶ㵱ȻҪ㲻ҪҶҪܹңĻʵۣѵͲܣҪڱ֮ǰȵңĻʵۣһ޵Уɱ֮ǰҪһ
Ӣܵ裬ʲô
ݷûлشȴеһչ񣬴óһµСĶͻ֪˭Ķˣסûаɱ֮ǰҪԼҲҪ
ӢܽǺӽӵУ˻ã裬Ҽסˣһ֪ԼҵĶӵġ
ݷ˵ͷĬĬһƺһ˿֮ɫܿʧˣܶǸΪƻĶ֣¶˵ǳѣҪɣҲḶܴĴۣзǳΣգҪ˼׼
Ӣβ֪һһµĶ֣ʱг˳֮⣬һսǿߵܣ裬ģûа֮ǰǲġ
ݷܶЩһֱڹ۲㣬ᣬȴһֳԽĳأг˲еǻۣҵȷǳģһ㻹ҪǧסһԼԶĶ֣޷ȥһвһһҪҲȥƴԼֻһˣʧȥǾͶԲ㸸ףԲԼҵڣס
Ӣܴʱֻǻĳޣ뵽ԼİΣϣĸ̫ģ͵֪ˡ
˵⻰浺£ֵ裬һҪ㣿
ݷʲô£
ӢܵһԪһС͸棬ȻǸޣȴһŮˣӣƭǶĲ
ݷĬһ̾һܶȻҶǳģһֱΣ֮Уһϣ㳬ԽǿˣǮеǣȫģôãôãҲظ˵棬ҪôҲԼ


 215 루1
ǱСĿӢܱǳ֮ŮԼΪľʻǵĸײˣôһ˵Ҳ԰裬Ҿˣߵʱһǵġ
ݷʱȻһȻĵܶ㲻ˣټ㣬ʵԼı⡣
Ӣ뵽ããμҲԼĸᣬӿһļߵݷǰعȥᣬһͷ
ݷʱҲѹֲסԼҲӢܿܶܶҲҴˣҴˣöҪôߣộǸĵĸףǸְĸף̫˽ˣ£Ӧȥǡ
Ӣܵ裬Լҵĳ𣬵ȻҪȥҵҪҲΪҺãģҾṼһҪˣҲһҪĳ׵ף֪˭Ķӣ˭Ķӡ
ݷȷһܺܿԼŮˣֻӢӵһܿͻָ侲վܶ߰ɣĸȫĳֶβǲܻģ˾ԽѩãȻûѧʶߣַǳӢܼѾ죬ά״ǲκġ
ӢҲվһĬĬĵ˵ͷĸһۡתȥҲûл
ص˱ѾʰˣȴɷɫôÿæѯӢܾһȥ
ҹӢȻأշתߡû˯
˵ڶ죬Ӣܾ͵˹˾յ˾ѩѾذ칫ҵšȴʱӢܼŸŵļ
ӢܴѩõƳԼ˼ǣʱҲ˵ϵ£ùЩļϸ
ʱŵǳĺãӢܳйѾγսԵĺϵӪҵǽڽȻǲԴӢܷװ˾ڶľŬѾڿʼӯӰӹ˾档䡷ƱѾ˿ǰسɹƷɽƽӰѵأڸǱˣڿʼƬʷٸĴƬҲѾʼŷ޽㣬¸¾ҪйˣûʳԣѾŰȶ浣˵ڶŮǡ
ӢܽЩļ̧꣬ͷȴѩõ۾һֱԼ;صѩãѾˡ
ѩԶʱһϲģ̫ˣӢܣɴϰ彻
˵⻰ȴӢһ֮ɫ뵽һ£һӢܣϰǲǡǲȥɱ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǸޣ๼
ѩҲ֪ϰ嶼һЩʲô֮͸һϬĺ⣬жʱһȻӢܣ˵ǳ㻹ǵһ㡭ҪȥԸǧҪСİ
ӢһͷѩãЩѣˣҿҪһʱ䣬˾е£ͽˡ
ѩæңҿ²еġ
ӢܵвУȻϰҲ˼
ѩһܵŮˣѶ͵ͷðɣӢܣ˾Ҿʱ㴦һҪЩ
Ӣһ֪ѩãҪˡ
ѩҡҡͷȻߵİ칫κ󣬽ıסӢܣһ£ֻҪܹƽҾǳٶĿ࣬ٶۣҲǸĵġ
ӢܳĬһ󣬲վѩãһȥʲô⣬Ҫңһ˼ˣҶԲ㡣
ѩñԸȥķ룬˵˳ֻһһĺ£Ҳ̲סһӾӿ˳͵ĻӢܣģƽģ֪û㲻ɵ¡
Ӣ§סѩãĶͷһǣҲϣԼܹƽѩãһһҪ㡣
ѩõʲô£Ӣܣֻ˵һõġ
ӢܵᵽӢȥˣȥ
ѩ뵽ҪɱպΪĳˣһֻõãһȥģӢܣҪɱǧС˵
Ӣһֻ̾ԵˣЩסġ
˵⻰ֵˣѩãҶٻɹûУ
ѩõͷˣʡμóǢ̸ȥˣ˵Ҫ
ӢҶٻ˵ˣЩӾٴ绰ʲôֱѩã˵֪ȥѩ˵ʡȥˣвɵһʧ䣬벻Լ֮ǰܺһ档
Ӣ˵ѩһһ־ֻҶٻ˵嵽װʲôһƽȵģ໥ĸ飬ŮˣҲǣҵġ
ʱһǿҵĿӿӢܵУУȥңδԼζҪҶٻһ棬ԸһźС
ѩõѩãҪȥһ죬˾¾ʽˡ
ѩ̲µҪȥҶٻ֪˶ŮŲͬһĸ飬ҲɵһᣬǸŮˣʱʲôҲҪʣ͵˵ͷӢܣ㻹ʲô·Ų£;ȥˣ˾һ㿴õġ
Ӣһ¥һ绰˵ԼҪȥһ죬Ϳųֱȥܿ˵wʡķɻƱڻСʱ͵ǻwʡ
зʮӺӢܾ͵wʡóǢ̸Ĺģúܴ˵ʿ˾һ˵˾ϱ߶ȥ
ûãǵʿ͵óǢ̸ֳһרԾиֻĻչģǸ̼ҵľ޷棬ʱһЩ˳¥Ե÷ǳ֡
Ӣһ³ʹͨҶٻֻܿϲӢܣ㣬ôҴ绰ˡ
Ӣܵٻ
ҶٻwʡĻչİһγջɲСƷܲйлû볡ǿҪԼɫ
˵⻰ֵӢܣ㻹ڹô㣬ֲҸֻƻļƻ
ӢܵҾڻչĵſڣͿԿˡ
ʱҶٻֻﾪһӢܣ桭ģ㲻ҪҿЦ
ӢܵҲ㿪ЦϿҵ㡣
ҶٻúܼúãӢܣϳϳš
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰Ѿˡ
Ȼֻվһͼ㷢һɫְҵװҶٻӻչ֮ڴҴҵ˳һܣһߵĶ


 216 루2
Ӣĸߴ뺷ȺǺߣҶٻܿͷʱ¶ϲ֮ɫۿߣȴһͶͱĶֿסˣֻЦ绨ĵӢܣ벻ˣô֪ͨңҺõȥ㡣
Ӣҡҡͷô鷳ٻ˳ɣ
ҶٻʱЦ٣ҿ۵ı㻹𣬳ΰѫǼһҲҵúܡ
Ӣ֪ΰѫǹȥ곬вɹľŷǳḻĲɹ飬ⰲҶٻĸְ˵ͷٻǳڲŸһųΰѫѧѧϾִڲɹȥڲгкܶ಻ͬġ
ҶٻҲһͷ֪ͬǰ涼óΰѫȥ̸ȲˣϷһüӣЩ̹ԹԵıԼĵ
Ӣû˵ˣĬĬһӣȻٻѾ˵ˡ
Ҷٻˣʱ΢΢һסЦգ㡭׼ô죿
Ӣֻ³֣𡣡
ҶٻɫֻѾŵѪ֮΢΢ЩӢܣʲôʱҪȥã
Ӣܵں죬Ҳ֪ҪȥáΣҶɱ޵ġ
ҶٻһĲ֪ԼǾ޷ֹ˵ľģҸġ
Ӣ˵ͷ
ҶٻҲ̲סˣһͷĻرסǺ»ȻʧȥƵġ
Ӣ֪ҶٻѾͷǼעҪǱý˿ǾͻһĻšٻ뿪˵
ҶٻҲĹ˼ɣ뿪ػСƤȡһīϡȻȥһʿӢһȥˡ
˾С㣬Ҫȥʲôط
ҶٻʲôľЩЩľƵûУ
˾̵СһҽУ԰شƵ꣬ǳãʺСסޣֻǼǮҪһЩ
ҶٻãǾȥ԰
˾Ӧһʻ򶫶ȥ
ʱҶٻóֻΰѫһ绰˼̼Ǣ̸Լʱ£Ҫһ졣
ǳΰѫղžҶٻԱߣֻʱ˵Ļ֪ϰˣҶٻᣬȥûʲôҵ飬ܹӢܳвɹľȻղعϵæڵ绰Ӧš
Сʱ֮ǵʿͣˡʡ߽һطﲢûʲô¥ãȴһ԰ʽĹԢÿһֻ¥ߣ컨֮УȻ԰֡
ӢҶٻ˳һ۵ӭСЦӭ˵ӴǼǡ
ʱѽ˷˲û̽ȥӭСŵԱߵĲ
⡰԰wʡǳӵļȻҲףӢ˼ˣζǲҶٻȴԵأֻһͳԲȥˡ
ͣһСĴ˳һȫ̲ݵʯ·һ¥
ǷСһߣţҶٻӢܵĻﱧס촽ȴһƬӢȫԸܵĵ뺦¡
һ˷ֿӣǣ¥ϵȥ
ңɳϣҶٻèһӢܵĻĴ˺þãŵӢܣӦһ¡
Ӣܵʲô£˵ɡ
ҶٻȻվֱӣӢܵ۾һҪƽĻصҵߣˣǻ֮Լ
ӢҶٻ˫ޱѪҲʼ΢΢ĵ˵ͷٻǲ֮ԼģҲһ뷨ƽֶǳɲǳϵĴҲûкܴİʤһ
⻰û˵ȥͼҶٻһֻѾԼϣƴҡͷӢܣûһûһ֪һᰲȻĻģҵ㣬һ겻ҵһ꣬겻ҵ꣬ҪһӶҾ͵һӣʱʱ̶̿ҪأΪѾԼˣϵһŮһҸ
ӢһٻȫòҲֵá
ʱҶٻȴ΢ЦӢܣʱҪҪչ˺ôܣҴӦж࣬˶ίûôܿࡣĳŵˣղţҶĳŵҲġ
벻Ҷٻķʽǣңȥ嶯ƴӢӿһң֮УȫûаգпԼطĹҲԳ֣ܽԼʵ޷Ůһ϶Ĵ𸴡
ӢܾþõĲشԼĻղáɲ۶˵˽⡣ȻҲûţҶٻʱµȥȻأиǺ£Ȧһ죬ӨӢܣ֪ɱ֮𲻹죬ǣͷҪȥѵûؽ취ȫɱְôǮɱ㶼뵽
Ӣ̾һҶٻ㷢ٻҷģһҪɱԼҵĶһȥҵȷ޷֤ܹƽȥôҸƲԼػŻʲô壬ģǱƲѣǲȥðյġ
ҶٻòӢܵĳŵĬĬһᣬһ̧ͷӢܣһһ£
Ӣܵʲô
Ҷٻճյһغӣҽûôį
˵⻰ʱһļһ˿ɬ֮У飬ȴӢһǿҵ𺳡
ʵӢ֪˴ǰȥصңǾһҲҪԼһԼʶŮ֮УҶٻϲŮˣԼһѪҲ֮ԸҲ֪Ů˵һʵ̫˽ֻһȴҶٻ˳
Ӣܲû̻شԼĻҶٻҲµ˼ȻһЦӢܣǲĺӣңûУ㡭
ӣֻҿ֣򷢵һ˼į
Ӣ֪ҶٻǸݵŮˣȻŵҪԼһӣ;ı䣬Ҫ˺ӣ˵ģȷܹеģһҪõö࣬˾һѱȥ
ӢܿʼҶٻѣҶٻĬĬţûɫֻǳŰ⡣
Ƭ֮䣬ǳԣҶٻӢԼСɶͦ鷿ʶȥֱһַˣͦأĿţҪԶļסԼӣҪס˵һС
ʱҶٻ̧֣ӢܵϸһȻȥļͷ͹ؼ£ǲֲ֮˻ȥ
Ӣ۵ĸ֮£һҶٻӣȥһ֣۵ϻĴֻһ͸оҶٻ⿪ʼӲͦ
ӢܽҶٻѹԼ£ҶٻϷŹͷȻܼĻӦǡ
Ӣ֪пܽԼŮһҲڹ룬ǳԼ࣬Ķ鷿ǽһ·һȥҶٻѾ˺Σ΢սţӢܵĴʼŤ
ӢǵҶٻߴȴｿ۵һŵʻһһ͸һ˵Ҫͷ£ȴҶٻһסͷ
Ӣ֪ҶٻߣҲǿϣʼ롣
ȻҶٻѱ󴴣Ҵʱ󣬵ǷǳխӢ˶󣬲ʱĽ뷢˺һ󣬲Žϡ
֮ӢܲҶٻڽȴûϷֿҶٻһ˫ȼκȴһ־ϿʽеĻʻȽϴ
˶ʮң˲һȥԡңҶٻһ˹ԡԵúɬǰӢܴӣһ»鲻õһ
˴ԡڴϣӵţû˵ʲôͨ˴˶ܸܵԷŨŨİ⡣
һӢȴоҶٻԼ̽ŵԼеĵطḧţӢֿʼȻ֮һϣӣٴμ֮ѧӢܸղŵӣһ˱𡭡
һĶȴ磬ÿһζҶٻ۸Ӣ֪е뻳ԼĺӣвɵһƬʪ


 217 ֮·1
һҹܿľ͹ȥˣӢȴ㣬㷢΢ҵҶٻȻԼı˯ˣ֪̫ǲѵģĵĳԼ˴·ЯƤҵһ֦һʼǱд
ٻԭҵĲǶΪʵڲ㰧˵ȥһĻҲûɣԸܹԼʵһֱ㶼ŮˣܹԶһǽǶôֵ£ֻϣ쿪ۣܹһԲĽ֡
ˣҪǽ˺ӣǧҪٸԼҵĳޣһеĶʵ̫ˣγ𣬾ʹҶֹɣĵĽɳˡ
дӢܺȻĸݷ˼ҶٻԼĺӣҪҪǰȥϣ˼ĸ׶Լ̾ͷˣҪԼôпܴڵĺֻֻΪһӢܣԸ¡
ʱӻóŵ֧Ʊ˺һţɿдһ֣ȻȥҶٻ£ַǱʼǱдٻͷҷһǧ֧Ʊ㾡ȥȡǮȻ̫֪࣬㲢ݳ޵ŮˣӦ㹻ˣౣءӢٱԡ
̵дλ֮Ӣܾߵ˴ǰҶٻѩ׵һ¡áĳ̾һĳһӲ߳˷ˡ԰֮⣬һʿֱȥ
ڻ֮ʱеֻ죬ӢһȴһţʾҶٻĺ룬֪ѾˡȥϢֻ沢û̫Ļֻж̶̵ʮһ֡Ӣܣһƽ
ӢܵıǿҲɵһᣬ֪ʮһҶٻߵ̫̫ĵģ̫̫Լĺ£Ůˣȷܹǣҵء
ǣܿͿסԼԵģһǿ˿ֲĵˣݲЩŮ˽ġΨһҪģ̽ңȫԸĶԸ
***********************************************************Ӣܴöһ¥ʱվһһŮŮĿֻʮ£òʸţ̴棬еĶʮңߴ뺷Ƿ֮
ˣ˵ȻӢĸݷˣӢǰվҪȥңĸ׸
վҪңݷû˵ɫƺһ˿ԥһ󣬲ŵܶǰȥ㶼׼Щʲô
Ӣܵһǹ׼ʮӵ˵ңڵһڵ£һ̶ô治֪ʲô仯Ҳȥðգ׼һɡ⻹˺Զʿֻʽףָ뼰һЩرҩ
ݷ˵ͷܶҿԿ϶ңȷûźſͨģ㵽棬ֻһ˹¾սҲܰˣһҪСģססҪģû˵ҲôϹѪ
ӢҲһͷ裬֪һжСĽġ
ݷֵˣҸһС𣿡
Ӣܵˡ
ݷǵ˵Ļ𣿡
ӢܵǵãҪаջʱӸ
ݷͷܶһȥҪĲɱҪһУе뽾𣿡
Ӣһ˸ź裬ףɱʵ̫ˡ
ݷĵ˵ͷ׾ͺã˵ңصĵطܶҪܹȫƿأĳɾͽоԵİҵĶӣӦһҰбˣȫǿˣҲҶһ
Ӣβ֪Ҫһȫǿ̸ףҲǱһǿҵƽʱչ¶ĸ˵öԣܹΪңĻʵۣѵԼͲܣҲвɳԽˣҲʮ֮Ӣֻܵ
뵽Ҳʼ
¶緢֮ɫݷҲ΢Цܶҷǳ˽෽֮£һȥ㲻ܳɹֻҪڣʱգġ
ӢԼҲյޱȺңȥ裬ˣȥǡ
ݷ׼ô˵
ӢܵѾ˵ˣҪLһЩ飬ҪһαȽϳʱ䡣
ݷ֪ܶȹ㣬Ҳһĸ飬貢ָӻˣûʲôУǣΪĹϵ飬Ǿʵ̫ʧˡ
ӢǺȻ¶һ˿Цݣ裬ģ棬һֵú
ݷ⻰ﺬŵɱֵ˵ͷһֵãܶ߰ɣһĺϢ
ȵӢҪ߳ţȴݷ󣬽һܶ
ӢܻعͷӡȴݷЩ΢ɫͬһλͨĸͱҪսɱѲĶһг˴Ȱֳ˵ġ
ı飬һݷϣǺӢܼˣҲһȣҪ߻ĸ׵ߡ
ȻݷǸ򵥵ŮˣĿסԼٴһֵû£ܶԼһСġ
ӢܸյȼĽ֮ʱֱˣһᣬȻĸϣĺܵĸ飬ʱ˿һ򱨵һְѩǣڱѩصĻҪʳȥѾǳѣСǺֻһ꣬ĽѧԼʳ֮󣬾ͻǳĵ뿪Ⱥȥ棬İѩȻʲߣǻģȴһǸײиǿ󣬳ԳΪͨȺ죬ĸ׶Լеͺǰĸѩһ޷ȥ׽
뵽ӢһӲ˵ͷת˳ȥûлͷĸһۡ
·ڹ˾ͣ￪׼ƷѾװһܴаϣuʡȻлǹЩΥ֮ȻֻܳмݳǰȥѩѾ֪ͨˣҲȥĵ滹ʰţȴȥһˡ
ųص˱Ѿڴɳţ·һɫĴƤ䡣
ӢܽϽվӢܣ˾¶𣿡
Ӣܵͷˣеѩþ帺Ӧòʲô⡣
վڴӶˣߵӢܵߣĽͷĻӢܣһ¡


 218 ֮·2
Ӣܵʲô£˵ɡ
һLȥӢܣѾǷˣʲôģȥLʲôҶģУҹȥݣҵ书Ҹ㣬Ϊĸġ
ӢܶȻУ棬Լҹȥ£ֻһȥ
Ҫ죬Ӣҡͷ棬ʲô˵ˣǲȥġ
ɷ˼Ҳ޿κΣֻ̧ͷӢܣһСģȥأˣҴ绰
Ӣ˵ң޷ͨѶģҲ˵һ֮ͽѶȫޣ֪жൣģҿһȥLԼģ΢΢˼һ棬λȥҪһЩǳܵ£ܻʧȥһʱϵǧҪ̫ǣҡ
һһѾæӢܣ˵ʵλLǲǷǳΣգ
Ӣһ򶨵΢ЦҡͷжΣյģ棬ô㻹ҵ
ʹҧҧӢܣ֪ܻǣҲǳǹһǡǡ
ӢܽסĻÿˣ棬ܻȥѾ͵ɿԼãͷ̡ٵˡ
汾ǸǿŮˣɷȥѶҲٶ࣬ĻӢܣ߰ɡϳ
˵űȥƤ䣬ȥ
ǺԣƤ˺Ӣ˼ʻҵĳţȥһ˲䡣뵽һǰȥҪǳɹ⽫ΪɱˣҪʧܣпܾԼŮ˵Եˡ뵽ŵ㣬뵽浺ϵضһʪ
عԼȫǳᣬӢ͵һѱҲ˲Զһӣȥ
ƺҲڴһǡ΢ӣԼ»Ķ֮༤ҵĽزþòԸֿ
֮Ӣḧ˸΢΢һЦһɫʱ˼ʻңϳţһţǰʻȥڷ⾵УȴȻں治ͣĻ֡
***********************************************************aʡһ·ټУֻʱ䣬͵ִyʡڵϣ㵽йϱ߾һС򣬶˵ءɽ
СһõסһӢҵõϰһ֪⡰ɽ˼ǡ͹ɽ˵ɽɽרɽˣǽȥˣûһܹʮǰиƿӲţ֯˽ȥȻһ˳˵ֱɻˣûɶԶϵԱָʧȥϵҲûϢ˺û˸ҽȥˡ
Ӣ֪ңص֮ãȻĵλã˽ǲ֪ͺúõϢһ㾫׼⡰ɽ߷塣
˵ڶһ磬ӢܸһǮϰ壬һطͣźȻó׼õаϣǸƤ䣬ȴȻڳϡһ·˳Ų֪˶ʯ·ǰУһ㴩С
ûãʯ·ԽԽխˣԳȫ˸ߵӲݣҶ絶һ㣬Ӣܵ뾱ϱɨһƵѪ˿ʹ
ֹһӢӲݴԣһïʢľǵĴɽȻǰԶһܴƣдšؾ棬ɽθӣǱв֪ɽߣܻԽߣԸ
Ǻ飬ɭɽûѪдɵһֲѹ֡
Ӣվ⡰ɽڣаȡһָ߳ʿһͷɽ
ɽû·ģʹǧǰй·ҲһصӲڵú޺ۼɭʮֵĹƾõʷ׳εĽһ͸һׯϵ󡣲඼ЩΡȻִٸĽǲţѺͰɽ֮࣬ɭ֡
Ӣܽɭ谵Ĺָ룬þЩ·Ѷֻ˵ϷšĵԭƽĲݴﲻʱҵĻζţһЩ֮ض
Ӣһžɭһķţ½ʱСаֵĴ⡣
ߡ˿˾ЯĸˮҲ֪˶ԶɫˣɭǺһƬȫƲȥ·
ӢܲߣһòٸشһϽʳˮЪϢ
ڶ峿ɭһЩ΢⣬ӢܱǰУͣĿǰһһɽȥȻ󣬵ͣؿֱҲʼʹӢȻҧš
ֹһ죬˵磬ɽƺȻöȻУӢڰ֮ʱҲס
Ӣʵ̫ˣҵһϢһ˵ڶϲẓ̇ѵǰУֹСʱɽƲƽ
Ӣܺò߳һƬŨܵɽԣǰȴһƬֻǰֺȻͰ˲٣ϵӲҲϡϡԶһ·֮ïܡ
Ȼߵ׵ʱȴһֲľһƬûκľʯϣ˵İɭɭİ׹ǣһЩ׹ǵԱ߻һЩѾڲԶȴͣһɫľֱ
Ӣ뵽õϰĻ֪ȻЩƿԱźЩźһ߾ߵķǳ⵽Ұ޻׶µϮôΪʲôһطһǳ˵ĿֲҲǿһеġ
ӢܰԾ裬̴ӰͳǱǹһǰߣһ߼ΪΧĶһ֪ʲôģ֪ԼĽңȻˡ
ǰ˶֮󣬺Ȼк紵
ʱǰİʱȻŨŨķۺɫţԼٶӢܰΧϮ
ӢйҰľ飬һţ֪̾ضɽĻѾõԾͨĻѧ֮£ֲЩƿԱ
֪ԽͲܵɽֻϧûдܿжϳϡĵطæӱаȡһëĵһ룬Ȼһˮȥһ׵Ĺž˱ǿ״סþȫٵǷۺɫϡ롣
֮ѾǷۺɫߺһ֣һʱͷǣ֫׼˽ⶾ֮ҩǰһ󣬿˿ƣȷΣգɿͳ˽ⶾҩ£ȻĿϢСʱ֮ͷʹ֮вʧ
ԭղžķۺɫɽ֮ġһΡʱһĻζ˺ȥ֮󣬾ͻѸٵƻ񾭣˻ȻȥǵҲǲɥڴˡ
Ӣܵĸ־ȴȵҪḻ̫࣬ÿ죬Ѱҵ֮ټǽˮë˵˾󲿷ֵĶķǳ֮٣Ѷ͹յһء
ϢһСʱңӢܳԱ˸ɽ·ȥʱѾӽɽۣ·ԽԽˣӢǵһģǣٸһһʵţˮȻѾľɽϵҶǳѸɵ¶飬ڸɿʡ
ֹһ죬ӢܼѲϡɽɽȴӲݲȫһƬʯѻš
Ӣˣʱ˫˫ѾʹѵǿǰһǰһȴַһѾ¾ɲİ׹ǡ
Ӣܹ۲һǰ׹ǣжϴ˶ʮϣҲ֪Ƿ£ּǰȥ
ʮңһ޴⻬ʯϣӢܺȻּæȥȴһдšƽ֡ĻӦжʱһܣҵصңˡ
ȥһУȴˣֻдǡ֮вԽңʹ˶أĪΥǣǡ
ӢвɵһλȻҲдģԼŮﲻҪ룬˵ǰһΣʱûλҲ˵дˣ治֪ңʲô£˶Ͼϵ
ϸЩ֣һֻÿһֶʯ࣬ۼָдģʯӲޱȣʯ̣Ҳףʵһ˵Ѫָܹ֮д֣֣ٴеһֲʱ˾֮ģĸ˵òһҪûʲôҲ̸ˡ


 219 ң
ʱӢߵ±ߣȴ±ڵǵȴǹƺڣҲ֪жߣκε֮࣬ԳҲ޷ʵ벻ġ
ڴ˿̣Ȼɽ֮ڴֵ׮滹ϵһСشķָϸףӦ˵Ĺȥɽµ·ˣѾȫٵ
Ӣܲûȥ²⣬ңһж׵ģ˱ϵаȡ˽ɡ¼һ飬ŸϣȡֻԶǰȻǱǹȻִ˿֧һĸ
һж׼ˣӢվ±ϣżѾ¶ڿУʱһѹԼдʱֽŵ֪һȥԼһҲͻı䣬пܻɥڴˣеĶԹ𣬺ͼ־ҷ
Ӣܾһհǰ˺ԥˣֻ±Ͼʮӣʹһȥ
ڼٵ׹ţֻ߷죬۾ʱ˽ɡӶʱһᣬ׹֮Ѿ
ӢʱۣǰһƬãã½ķЩѾǵĴ֪һЩң£˵Ӧһˮ̶ˮ̶֮ߣһļ紺ɽȣԱһȡ⽵ɡǲˮ̶֮еģӦǵǡһȡн䣬úõϢ죬żǰС
һڴǰɫѾԿ»в׵ĵľ룬ҹȻһˮ̶ֻȴûмϼһʱǳһҲʼ˵ңļ紺һƬ֣ӦôŭǣȴǺһƬ
Ӣܴ֣æڿо˹ǰԶȥһҪɵ龰Ӣܶʱһ
ԭȷһƬ֣ǴʱȫݸˣһƬһЩ֦ϣϣȫһŵĶڲͣ䶯ţֵĵϣЫӡ򼡢ڻЩˮ̶֮УҲԼʲôֳִζƺӦǾ֮࣬ʲô˼Դֱǵ֮硣
ӢܴСգôضһ𣬻ǵһμͷƤҲһķ飬ֱС⡱ĶȡҪųȥֻ죬ֲʯдҪҵ˻ȥˡ
ʵ벻˾޴ΣգӢڿвͣѰ½㣬ܿЩɽ鲼ŸֶһɾصطʱѾһˣ˶ĵѾӿӢֻͷԷǣڿиŻ¡
Ҫǻųˣľͱֽŷ飬ӢֻһǳһͺܿĻָǣΪ֪գûõģųпܻʧȥΨһᡣ
ʱѾжϳȵطϱߣóʿ·°ڣֻȫסȻŬĿŽɡ϶ȥȴɽȱΪôʯסˣԼжʮ׸ߣʯͷʯͷ֮м϶ȫʵǳȥ
ʱɡѾԽԽͣۿžҪھȿڲʮ׵ĵط֮ȫһŵĶ䶯š
Ӣһժǰһףڿŵȥһ䡱ľ죬ֳһӣһЩﱻը÷ǣѪɣľͷɿߴȥ
Ӣܴʱӳ֮ЩøԶˡ
ӢѾ֮ڣһվȽţһ¾ͳ˷ɡȼ
ǽɡȼ֮һȼܴܿӢ֪ɡֻȼӣԼҲֻʱᣬסһǣǰһ߻裬һ߼ٵıܡ
ǰĶȫη𣬹Ȼ׷׵ߴȥһ·
ӢѾЩѻʯͷ֮£һΣЩʯͷķ϶ִ֮ڳһЩڻ֮࣬Ѿס´ҲǾõҰսƤѥ˶ЫӣڻЩǿԺ˼ɵġ
ʼ֮ʱȴв֪ʲôطĵڴʱͼԶɽϵһȻڳһľˮͰ֣ʮ׳ֻĵ۾׹⣬ֱ
ӢȻнסԶԶĳǾӳףһǰһĵطըˣǾҵһӻһܿͻָˣҸŭŴִţӿٶȣۿʮҪӢܵߡ
Lɽ٣Ӣ֪־ģĿùһСĶľһͷˮţֻҪⶫߣôܵģûĻᡣ
ʱ̣ӢܴСѵ侲ٴ˳Ȼγ˱ǹüٶ׼Ǿͷ顱ľһǹ
ǹε֮׼ǾȻж֮УȴǲԶһǹȻ˸ţǾͷʱһƪѪ⡣Ȼûͣ
Ӣ֪ͨľ˳ǾķŹǡ顱ǹʮöӵȫͷǾʱεߣһֽУڵϷҡһŲˡ
ӢܴʱҲһ亹ǽɡѾҪչˣܵЫﶼԼζæתҪȥʯѻʯɽ
ȻϾһֻţǼĵˡ
Щﾹʿųĺһ㣬Ҳ˼ǻûϨĻţɿӢӿ
ΧЫ򼶾ܱڻ֮࣬һӵϣӢܹܣʱ֮ͱΧţʹѾ֪߱ڻҧУֻЫصǰһڣ͵˵ϡ
***********************************************************֪˶ʱӢܲЩֻ֪еڷǷʹֻƤһƵġ
ƴۣľһ۷죬˳ȥģģĿһʪɽԼڵϣԶĵطϥһСˡ
ʱӢֻһʹ̲ס߽һ
һȴС˷ɿ˹
ˣӢһֻһɫĿۣǱˮһ㣬ȫŲ϶СˮݣȫжˣǶ֮һɫĹȣǹֲ֮һͨĶߣͷϣϣһЩڻЫӡ˵һˣֻɲݡ


 220 
߽Ӣܣ־ץסһ󣬺ȻĹЦŵðҲҲȻʻ죬ܹͦٶ֮գúãҲܹΪϷˡ
Ӣ֪ңĻʵۣ۹һ˵ʱп࣬벻һң˵֣֮˹죬Լֻ׶༪١
ֻ۹˴ӻͳһöɫĵ裬һסԼ죬Ͷ˽̻֮Уһֿɬ֮ζ
˵Ҳ֣ǵ֮ǽֿʼЩĴӵ
ܣȴһʯʯҵĶһöȼСһЩҹ飬ʯһյ͵ơĸײµòңȻ챦
۹ķӦ¶˷ǳ񣬵˵ͷãܺãСӣʿ˵һô඾ΧɣҸȥʱȻܹһʵǴ˼ҵ⡣
Ӣ˶Ŀֲѹź֮ģ˭
۹ȴЦ˭˭仰ӦŶԣǾҴңǲˡ
ӢѾµ۹˱Ȼң֮ˣ֪ʱΨбҪλǰҲĴ˴ǹⴳ룬ңô֪
۹һǹⴳ룿ղõʲôžɡȻҲƵģ˵ǹⴳ롣
Ӣ֪ңʱ룬Ѿ꣬Ȼ֪ɡǹʲôҲûи𣬾͵ǰһˣִʱɻʧ£Žأȷⴳ롣
۹һ۵ɻʲô
Ӣһΰķһֻеһڿз裬һˡҸղõҲʲôľ˷ǳͨװȥĳǹһ
۹˶ʱ¶֮ɫȻ˼ı仯һͨʿ˾ˣֲãֲûҪ·ҪǱһЩҰĵض˷ֻ֣¾ң֮ˡ
Ӣ˵ˣĵҲʲôˡ
ȴǰȻѾˣŹңԸ⽫ЯĶ׸˵Ļϡ
۹̵ޣʲôˣϡĶֻǲԸˣҪŹ㣬ǸɣʣԶ̫ϧˣСӣ㵹ùǲɱ㣬ͿԼܹˡ
˵ԶӢܾ֪ʲô¡о֫Ѿָƽʱ˾ųһֱһ죬ͼٵ۹˵ĲȥȫţֻҪһ֣۹һɥ
ȻһұۡǰһΣ۹ѾסžЦ֮飬ҲŹ⻪Сӣ֣ңﲻͱõķֻܸۣûС
˵һӢֻһǿҵ֮֮Уǽѩˮ֮УǧٸСڴԼ֫ٺʱսȴҧԼ߳һ
۹˼Ӣܵɫȴſ֣벻СӻһӣúõϷҲܹһʱ䡣
Ӣָܻɣ뵽ղĺҲǳԾ֪ǶԷĵ֣ȻäĿ嶯ֻܾ䣬Żˣ͵ǰ֪ƺ㣿
۹˵ýС֪ϷǴңʵƷĪ񡣡
Ӣ˵⻰һӣƺЩΪְλԺǰּգӦĺеˣôŵһƷǸңʵûۣ̫ίˡ
⻰һ˵۹ĪȻһ֣Ѿסĺ˫׹⣬ݺݵĵСӣ㾹˵ϵĻǲҪˣ㣬ƷңʿߵְλܹЯңҡ
һŷſ֣Сӣ֪ҾͷŹ㣬ԻϲҾ̽С
Ӣʵû뵽ȻĹЧңĵıȷǷͬСɡ
һֵĪǰңﲻ֪˭书ߡ
Īԥص书ߵĵȻҴңʵۣǹĵһ书֡
˵ɫȻһһ˲ϣ϶Ҫôһһ
Ӣܼɫ֪˵书Ӧò֮£й֮вһϲǸ˭
ĪĹĿһɣСӣôʲô
ӢܼĪǰ书ҲӦǰ漸λˡ
ͼĪҡҡͷ۵书ΪϷֻŵ
˵⻰ȴ¶ŵ񣬵Ҫ۵öң˵ڶû˸˵һϷڽϵĴºžͽʥ
ĪȻ̵ģСôʲôҪ
һ˵ţһ߾ӢһƣСӣ
Ӣܴ򲻹ֻøǰȥ
һֽһҹʯңȴһʯ齣ӦĪ֮أʱȴЫڻ뵽ÿЩ˯һӢܲһĶġ
ĪȴûʯͣǴ߽һʯңʯұҪһЩֵǣȴûκεĶֻұڷһľľַ֮ɫӣƺÿһ仹һѻƽ
ʯңĪҲԵĽȻľ֮ȡһ׺ɫ·ϣͺĻһһ˿ס
Ӣһƣ֪Ȼʲôɲ£ųơʥĪҲ˺£ղʲôԶ֮ԣԼҪһˡ
ʱĪµԿ״˵һֻ䣬СĴȡһֻɫܣһۣѾӢ߲ܵɷ˵ץ֣ܷѪܷ󡱵һ͵Ľһ죬Ѿҧϡ
ӢֻһʹӺȻеһŻһ㣬ŻѪʱߣƤ
Ҳܲסһȡ
͹ڵأһʱڸеˮˮ
ĪӢķӦȴֹЦѪܹȻ鴫֮Ƭ̾ͿСӣǲôġ


 221 
Ī˵žͷɿĽѪܷйغãȻѸٵĴ򿪵ڶ䣬óһɫСץСѪҧһڡ
һҧӢܶʱеһɺ壬̽ʲŵѹסˣȫ̺ࡣ
龰ûг೤ʱ䣬Īִ˵ֻ䣬ȴóһֻɫıڻӢܵĲ֮ϣǱڻҧһڣֻһող˵֮бӿӢǿҲܵڵϷһ߿񺰷һ˺ϵ·
Ī¹۲һȻŴ򿪵ֻ䣬ȡһֻͨѩףëЫӣӢһಱһ£ûãӢһֽĺһЩ
Īס˰Ыӣóȴһֻɫǧ򼣬򼵱ޱȣͨͬҪ߱ǱȸղɫСҲضãЩ㣬Ȼӫ⡣
Īɫ򼣬ԼĳһϲȻַӢܵĺϣӢֱһڡ
ȻһûǰƵкȵĸо˾ư֫ů˯ͷԾԽԽҲҪֹͣˡ
ĪһֱķӦʱæӻͳһСƿһöɫҩ裬ҡͷ̾Ϣţƺ᲻ãӢܵͣ˽ȥ
ʱӢܻһĪҲٲȥ߳ʯңûãȴһٽľʯʯҵſڣȻһȥߴΣ˲Сİ˿ʯͷѾʯȫסȻһЩ϶ӢôǾ겻ȥġ
ֲ֪˶ʱӢܲһоˬж֮״ʱһԾ𣬻չż䣬ȴԼȹȥҪ棬һ۾ͼ汻ʯסˣ˹ȥ˫֣һƳ
ǰ˿ʯͷٽϣĪѵصܹƶֺ
ʯͷ֮з϶Ӣһ۾ƷĪʯҵʯϲ˯šЩЫӱڻ֮ȥ˺ġ
Ӣ˵־Ͷ֣ˣ޼ƿʩҲֻƿڴĪģ˵ɱҪУүүҾһüͷŪһЩʲô
ʯϵĪˣȻ˹͸ʯͷ֮ط϶ϸһӢܵɫʱЦððСӹȻûǲǰЩһϡûãһҵûˡ
ôһ˵Ӣܾ֪Լ֮ǰһЩ˱ԶȴûмǵʬѾιЩҧҲģĪģͷҳȥٴһ
ĪʱЦٴһСӣƾǵ㱾죬Īүүı߶մϣ˵ЩǿЦ
Ӣܼŭһ֪Ҳûãľͻָ侲ĪأԸղǼѾԹˣ㻹Ҫô
ĪһðɣСӣܵˣҲҪס
˵⻰˶٣ֵ֪ղſ嶾Щʲô𣬸㣬ǷֱѪܡ̸ߡڻëЫӡǧȫµ涾֮ǰңûеģʮĶҩｫͨĶιɹˣԻȻɵ֮ϣǧҩιɵģҵʦһ
ӢԽԽ
Ī񲻻ŲæĵҪ֪¼ĶΪָ֣֮ϸ΢𣬶涾˵ЩԵĴرǧҵʦŶһιѾ˸ı䣬дȿɱˣֿɾˣ˵ǹһ
ӢȻûѧҽҩ֮Ҳ֪еԭɫʲôʵ飿
Īֵ֮ˣ̸ɫʵȫҪ֪֮пȡ֮νԶң֮޷ܣʧ⣬Ȼ̫ǣνһһΪⶾԼͣѪߣֻҪҵһķţǿԳ׸ıһ˵ʵģڹܹţȻ
Ӣܶʱˣʵ֮ţȻȥ׸Ǹϣǲǣ
Ī˵ͷңǶ֮ֹ£ʵᣬҵ˵书ҲýϵڹһϣǾң֮ˡ
ӢһҪ㻹׸ʲôԼڹһʱң˭Ҳ򲻹ˡ
Ī̴ƨƨ϶Ķ£һصˣҵһУĻУ˼ġ
ӢʵڲĪȻģһĶʱң֮ǰȻ֣֪ܿ£ɵܹ취һͱƣҴӦûң֮еһȥ˵Ӧû٣Ҳ˵ԼǹҪ뿿ɱҲ졣
ʱӢܶʱңΪ֪ҪӳĪȻ󴩹ǶһȣǷǳãԼҪΪĪЧҵƷˡ
ھɥģĪѾᶯʯͷСһӶ
Ӣ֪ҪʼöԼˣһҧ͵Ļ־ĪĺȥȣѶıɱ֮һµLʵڲ١
ȻûʧֵʽĪǶϷһ㣬ֻЦһһ֣ץס΢΢һ
ӢܵһСϣֻʯҽʱһʹصϣѾЩվסˡ
ĪҲסţӢܲľͱ֮ԡ
Īǰһ㣬ӢֽѾܶ͵ڵϡ
˿ĪȻȥһƵ·˽˿ףͳϵµԿףһȴǴ򿪵ڶֻ䣬ȡ̸ӢܵϣһȴǴĺ󾱿ʼҧ𣬸ûڻȥ⣬ȻǰëЫӡѪܣȻǧ


 222 
ӢܴʱܶȴҪǼ֮࣬ʹֻ֪ں﷢΢Ľ
Сʱ֮ĪԶˣ⿪ӢѨϸĹ۲ɫȻ̥˰񣬲һεĽƺܲ⣬һֱڲͣ̾ҡͷӢܷɫҩ֮󣬾뿪ˣʯͷŷס
һΣӢʱȴһôˬˣȫʹһˤ˼Σǿվ
жĪʯͷķ϶¶ͷСӣģ˯ҹܻǹӲʣҳɹ
˵⻰ʧˣ˺һ󣬲³֣һȴݽںĴСӣڻͰЩˡ
ӢҹûнһˮһףͶˣһߣ˹ȥӵУȴһֻװˮһֻȴװһЩѪģ飬һɢ˶ĵζ
ĪСӣ㻹ǵðֻ⣬ҪͿȥ
ӢȻ֪ԼԸ֮һֲ֮ǿҵعͷǾԲأĬĬĪһۣһҧֻ£ԼҲڵϣ͵ץһ黹Ѫ˿⣬дʱŨֻ¡ְװˮ롱๾ࡱһҲȥĪˡ
ĪӢܲͣĳ⣬ҲͷСӣ㵹ӣòáǿϧˣֻҪúõϣһġ
˵⻰뿪ˡ
죬ӢܲȫָȻһԭĪֿʼԶԶʱȷӢܾˬʣƺȹȥʱȫڸףȽ棬
˷Լ£һ죬ӢܵɫĪֽˣȴһء
ӢȻǳΪȡĻᣬѾô͵ӣȫʧȥ˷֮
ĪķӦϸǾɥ֮ԣȲȥ䣬ҡͷ̾ϢŵСӡϷ㻹Щʱ򣬵̵ԽԽ󣬻ֻѾӦʱ䲻࣬ϷֻðһˣҪһʧܣֻϷǾȲġ
Ӣһ⻰֪صʱˣȻһɵɵӣĪתȥ䣬Ȼþȫ͵غȥ⽫ˡ
ǣĪ񱳺۾ƵģӢܵһߣתұһӢֱܵ۾飬´ȥ
Ī˳־ͷסǰļѨӢɵڵأҲһ
ĪһƻСӣȻһֱװɵߣƾһ㲻΢ĩ֮ҪϷǰΡ
һ˵⻰һͳԿ״䣬һΣȴǵ֮ȡǽֻһ뿪ȻᵽӢܵԱߡ
ֻȫڵ֮ĪƵ·˽˿ףһԸʡ
˵գȻɿĴ򿪵һӣȡֻѪܣӢܵĲһҧȴٶ۲죬Ĵֻ䣬ȡ̸ߡڻëЫӣֱӢܵĲ˶ֻǧûȡˡ
ӢֽȻܶģĪֻһ£Ӷʱ㼤ҵѱֻһһɽǧٹҽţеĹ÷·Ҫһ㣬һͺ˼ıɽͬ˼붼ҪӴ
⼫뼫ָоӢı尾ţУȴвȴ޷һȽĸоѾֲ֫ٺҿʼʧ䣬ȵ֫Ҳʼ鴤ĪסѨѾڲ֪䱻忪
ĪһصӢܵķӦְסְһɫʱøѿˣһҡͷһ૵ĵ⣬⣬壬СˣϧϧĶµ뷨ҲǲɵģСӻһһǧ֮ܲܽ
һ˵ţʹǵֻ䣬ȡɫ޴ǧӢܵľȥ
ӢܴʱĳѾ˼ޣѾڷľأĪɫǧԼĲӣֽڳ鴤ܶԴȴԶʱڱܵģҲû룬ȻûԼ֮ǰȻһ̧ͷ¶˰ɭɭݣ͵һڽҧס˼£Ȼ̽˸С
һӵı仯Īʱ벻һʱĿɿڴðŷӦȻ׵ĿһƴİӢܵͷ³Сӣ³ҵǧҵǧСӣҪɱ㣬ɱ㣬ĽƤ
ӢܳǧʱѾûʲôӦֻҡŻţֻں﷢
ĪҡһڵϡĹֿʮңӢڵϻĶһ૵ĵСӻǧȻû֣֡
˵ŻִӢܵһҪʧĽѽȻȸղŻǿ
˵ͬʱӢѾ˹еȽ֮вûԼӾˣʹʱʱ֣ĪڴԼʶĿһһֻ־ȥ
Īϣ־һȻû뵽ǣӢȻֱ۾һƵģĪʱʹһ
Ҫʹʽ֮ʱӢܺȻ˫죬ǰĪֻһɴӿ岻󼱷ɶ顱һԴصײʯϣѾȥ
Ӣܴʱ֮ȻʹѵȥĪֻʯзҽתһʱ̣ͷʯײȥֻáˡһĶͷѾѪֱ˳յ˵ϣһײǵһЩʱֻһֹ֮ƺҪһʱ֮ٻɵáĿһǵڶֻĪ䣬ȡ̸ֻߡ
ϡǵ̸֮ȵģһԼҧڣǷûл⣬һʱԺǧһһڽ̸ߵͷҧסžһֻڣͽ


 223 ̥
˵Ҳ֣Ӣ̸ûã֮ȻʼȻֿʼͣĴ£ֽžҪȫ
ӢܴʱʲôҲˣ˵һ䣬ȡѪȥȡ˻ڻ¸
ĪΪﾹȫӢ룬ʱʱȵ֢״ȴûʧȴ֪ϵ·Ѿȫ˺ƣֽŻ֮䣬ȽľȻڼӲʯ֮ϣʯֱ䡣
Ӣڿ֮УĪѾתѪڷ״̬ӢܣһѾڵصֻ䣬ʱʲôˣ̷һţ嶾ŵ
һ˵ţһ߾ͻӢȥһӢܵǰ
Īһٽ֮Ҫ֮ǰӢ󣬾ǲҲҪܼشڣһĴǰһɾ޴ķʱӿı˳ȥٴصˤʯϡ
ĪʯվѾ͸ֲ֮ɫ૵漣漣Сûڹӡʱ֮ȫСͨ벻벻ԶȻУֻϧ˷񲣬ϣ²ܸǰ
˵⻰ӢͶȥԹ޵Ŀ⣬Сӣ嶾ŵ
Ȼ˵š֪Ӣܴʱһʧ״̬ѾڳˣԼǴֻ»⵽Ķ֣ǱһΪá
һţһ߳ʯҡȻ˦ʯͷֻסȴ¶ͷ۲Ӣܵض
ʱȴӢܴһѽӺʹ
ڵϣȳ֮ζʯĪˡҲеһͷΡ
Ӣһγ϶аСʱ֮ãĪҲܲסˣ˺һǣȴס˱ӣִӻͳСƿöⶾҩ£ȴһֱû뿪ӢܣϾӾɥɾϲ
Ӣʯ깧ֻ泩˵ɣʲŵ֮Ѿȫʧ˹æõϱԼ˺Ƶ塣
һվĿȻſȥʱͼ˴ʱѾһϲɫĪ
ӢܴʱֻԼůأƺһҪ͸˸ղԼʳ龰ҲµѾ˱仯֪ĪΣʱѾûбҪͣһĪ˵ܡ
ٲҪܹȥƿǶʯͷȻû뵽ǣһ̧ţһϾӾ͵ףһԾǶʯͷԣţײȥϵַˣǰþȫƲļʯͷһײӵӰЩĭߣһӾɳĪƵÿ죬һߣûбʯС
ӢܺȻһʱ֮Ҳ÷㶡
ԭ֪֮һʵ¾棬ȻһõõҲԳΪͨͨѪܵҩЫ߶ԿȫƹĲѪ˨ԶӲзƫ̱֫ľѪ֬ѪճΣ֢ĪԶ˼·ҲǴӴ˶
ֻβͨ΢ĶؾͿɣ嶾ĶԶ֮ͨϣҪڹ֮ʿͨھͨС죬ȾͱҪʩܹǾҵضԣĪ֮ϣҲҵ˵
ӢֻڻţȷԵɺϣʳˣ԰ټƵĶҧ֮󣬾ȻûȥһϢдĵȵĪǰȥ鿴ʱǡǡĪֶȤ֪Ī˵öĴмңǵ꽨ĵ۱ʱ֮һҲΨԾжӢܡһˣӢ˰ٶ֮Ѿһؿ壬Ī嶾ûÿһ飬ϵĿͶһ֣ͨĶѾ޷ˣԴֶֶǧͬ壬ЩͬĶڵײڹͬʱָͨȫľȻĹ⣬ͬھЩĶأй϶ԶصĿҲﵽ˾˵ĳ̶ȣ˵ǰٶˣӢǹĵһˣϧʲôڹķһһӵĽ鱦һȻЩȴЧĹ
ӢһܿĪܣ뵽˲Լһ£Ҳʲô飬һܡ
׷˹ȥһſһʧء
ʱĪһܣȴһŻɳĶŰϻɳѧⶾɳ֮¡
һжӢ˵ȫЧֻ˻ɳһȭлķ
Ī嶾֪֪СӴʱѾԼܹԸˣһţȥԮ֣ʩչṦȥ
һһ׷ͳɽӢǰһȴɽˮ̶֮ԣȫǺѹѹĶʱĪѾԼʮ׵ľˣǰ׷ȥ
Īһж书ߣǶṦȴֻܴﵽ֮һԾҲԶӢȻûѧṦȫͨ˵࣬ƺ޾ƣ뷦
һѾĵطǰǶѷɽľʯ˿ۿžҪ׷Īˡ
Īʱ׷ˣִӻóһ̵˵ӢǳʱţӦþܵĶ﷢˹ĺʱ
ȻЩ߶Ыڻ֮࣬ŵӢܿܿŵɢζԶԶĴҴԾҿЩһֱʯĶʱҲڲͣ
˿ӢѾ׷ĪһԶĵطһ죬סĵѣҹ
Īץסǰһĺľͱ˺һ
ѾǶѾʯ֮£ĪһԾߣһͻʯһ㣬ףȻ編ƣԽԽߣһѾΪѻʯɽ֮ϡ
ӢҲѧһԾȻߣ֮޷յ׼һӾײ˼ӲʯͷϣȻصˤȻûˣҲʹ
βվӢҲ׷һԼ·Ѿʯʱ˺ˣʱֻһ׿㣬ϱĶʯǿɲܶġ


 224 嶾
ӢܾͿʼɽһ·ȥף;ĶƵķ׷ܣӢǸˣҲԼеĵвɵðҡ
߽ɽӢܿʼĪ˯ʯԱ߼ԼƷʱɢһߣĪϸ쿴˵ġ
ӢһߵаȻ뵽ԼĵطеķϰӦûͣԼаʵ̫ۣĪȻڴˣûлϴ·ĴѰȻһԷһ䣬һȻЩ¿㣬˿ʱЩ㶣ԭһʽȻļпˡ
תһˣĸл֮һǴװ˾ģҲңҪŪʽȻڻ£ңҲЩı䡣
пװϧĪݵʵڲɱָֻ޷ȥֻ÷ҵһĳۣȴʽϣҲżȣ˲ˣҳһĿӴˣ¶ϥµСȣһװ磬ǲײࡣ
ٴ·֮ȥĶȴֽᡣһȴƤëдĸ֡嶾šֱᡣ
Ӣϲᡣһȴдȫζ֮ûʲôȤв
һоһϲԭһڹķǰͼΡŸѨȴעͣ˵ξѨȻ뵤֮͸γ
ӢȻûѧѶҲľ졣ټϼ˼֮ƽʱϾʱҲĿйл书鼮վԴ˵ҲİԿһ󣬾֪ȫ֮УȻƲǺʤˡ
вᣬ²ֻأ񣬵ȵһǷޱȡֻ澹֡䵱ü̩ɽἵȸɵ书ȭţҲеȱȫе书ֻС
ԭ嶾ŵȹȥֻһζش򣬸Žĵ۱֮󣬲ſʼͽ嶾ţƽ͸һЩ书ѧЩڹ֮ټԼҽ⣬ҲԴһײ̫һ֮ڹķЩ书ʽ嶾źĵʱŸɵӵβУҪԷʣЩɵȻὫŵľҪȫڣֻǶǵĴһţļؾͲȱȫˣĪҲӶֻ֮䡣
ӢܴʱҲܲô࣬Ȼ̯һӣȷȥʼԼضָѾʧЧ㶪һߣԶĸ׸ԼǸСӣһЩȼҩƷǹһʿ
ӢǱǹڶԸ֮ʱѾӵˣ⻹ʮöװΣʱҲɢʯϣȥ
һǹ֣ӢָֻţܹѪ֮ΪٸߣҲһޣǾ޷סӵġ
Ķ볤ȻһϣʣµʮöӵʹӵһǿڴʿֻȻ󲽵ɽ֮ȥ
ûһ͵ɽ⣬һ۾ͼĪȻûܣ׿վţӢܵǹ޷ﵽ̣Ҫ׷ȥǹ
ʱĪȻִǵһΣȴң
Ӣܸһֲ֮Уߵˮ̶ˡľ죬Ȼ֮䣬Ӱէ֣ɿĴڳʪܵľÿһǹеľ֮£һǳʮףţһͷҰҲһ¡
ӢܵĵӼ󣬵ĿֲĶҲľսæǰŶĪ֪ⰵӽһߴѣһ߾ǰʩչṦȥ
ٶҲ죬ںĸš
ʱӢܱعͷȥǹֻ߶ڱ֮У·ֿƽǹȻûоֹ֮ʱȷˣһϻʮӵ꣬ѾߴѪֱֻûд֮
ӢִϴڴҡӵٵϻһΣȴȻͣٵתԼ
ʽӵȻҪ׼ȷö࣬ͷʮѾѪģĴҹۼһҪ
ǣһߣȻǹͷҲðѪٶȲ˿δӿˡ
ӢҲǰľӽԼһ䣬æԱԾȥһԾѾ׿⡣
Ǿ֮ͨһڣӢ͵Ĺ޷ȻſѪڣҪ¸ȥҪ֪ӢȻα뺷ľ˵Էǳɵľܽ¡
ӢѾߵǻһŨȳﻹ˵õʲôĲģִʱ棬ǱǹҲУӵѾ꣬æ£ȵǾҧʿȥ
ǾƺԣĵͷȻһҧסĵӢһʱסʿ֣˸С
Ǿ˵ٴӢҧ
Ӣ鼱֮˫һ죬ѽסѱ䣬ʱԶˣôһţǾҲղ޷¡
һһţǾŲͣɨӢܵ۾סţӢֻһͰڽԼĹסѾҪϢˡ
Ӣѵʶȥʱ벻취Լֻбһ;ͷڷٵתš
Ҫ֪ӢܱһзǷԵˣټݷһص֮һΣңܹΣ֮ʱһȻ˫֡
һ˫֣͵һºϣſӢѾ˫ȭѾžֻĵ۾ʹȫȥ
Ѿ꣬ȫۼ׿˵Ƹ֣ͷҲʯȻӢǹӵУҲֻˣ۾ȴȫΨһĴ֮Ӣ鼱֮µĳ֣Ҳ൱һڹ֣һȥȻ޷ܣ۾Ѫҵҡͷ˹ֽУӢܵҲɿˣֻڹɨţĲƤҷɣһЩʯҲɨŷ飬ɢɽ
ӢĲƣҲȥӵʰǱǹȾĪ׷ȥ


 225 
ĪղżӢܱסڹЦŸˣȴȻԼİľҲһϹɵֱԷǿµİ棬æǰȥһԾǶʯɽʧˡ
Ӣ֪Լ޷ƿǺȻȥһʱ飬ֽ֮ٶʵһԳ֮¡
һҲվʯɽ֮ϣȴĪѾ֮⣬ȫӲݰ滹ʲôϤϤҲͣҡţȻĶǱС
Ӣ˸ղŵľ飬֪ԼϵζܹöܣȻҲη壬ֽŲõȥȻǲݴɢڣΧܿƽ
ӢܼĪԽԽԶˣһ׷ϣһȥȡڴӵװϻһ֮£ʱп࣬ԭڴﱾʮӵģʱѾˣֻţҲ֪ʧʲôطľѾ£ǹûӵͱһʧȥǹҪ书ңԸǾ޿ܵ¡
װϽеӵ˼ҪȥѰģȴ֪ѾתһɽȴһɽڣӢܵҰʱһǣҲʱѾ־ɽ߾վʮɫװӣĪҲǰͣ
Ӣһơһ⡣
Ҫ·ܡӵпʧڸղžסԼصطҪܹҵһ֣ѽ֮Σ
ʱֻȡӶʮ׸ߵذɽԾסĺ·ʮ׳ӣÿһŵ˫֮˫ű˵ĺ⡣
ʱĪַ˹Ц֮Сӣңؽأʮڸڴ˴ߡ
˵ִĽеλͬˣСӳҵ챦ϵѪԻϷǳáһҪץġ
е˶ӦţȻ׷Ծ׼Ӣ˹
Ӣ֪һЩΧסԼֻ־ܵķݶһ;ǹ쿪һǹȻվס
һ顱ǹ죬ң˶֪ʲôʱŲȴͣ
ӢܴʱǹֻʣӵȻ֪סЩĸ֣ҪԷķŭԼ͸޷ˣǲ磬ҲסЩˡ
̧ͷзɹֻ𣚣˦־ǹȥǹֻ֮𯱻ëҷɣʱֱֱѪܵ󶴣ѾȫˡǹֻССİܳܵġ
ңĴڸ˾޴ذʱ֮䣬еɫˣȫԾһ䡣
ʱӢܺȻֽǹָЩڸ֣ʱĪһֽ֮ǣҵطãСӵİý
ЩڸּӢЩľսĪôһ˵Ͻ׷ԾɽʯϣԷ⡣
Ī˿Ҳǰһʯ֮󣬵ǣðкСӡ
Ӣ͵ǰÿĪѻ˵꣬ѾȾǰɽȥٶȼǾˣԵЩڸַ佣ǮЩİʱѾɽڡ
ǵɽһƣֽп಻ԭǰһƬ֮أһƬӪƮƮǹӳǧ֮࣬ʱǰһŴſ׵ʿŴܣһŵʿѾŹżһŰĽٽӣۿһ£ͻ֦İɹ塣
ӢѾڽ֮ʱȴز׷ĪڴĽеŽŽ䲻ã䲻ãСϵѪԻãҪˣѪûʲôЧˣһҪ׽׽
ŰŽĪ˵ŽˣżĪüΪʿţżżǹֺڣ׼׽С
ӢܴʱǰʿѾ˹ȥֻһһϣǳŶƵʿײɳףŲͣǰ񱼣ֻϣܹӪ
Ī񻹲ͣںк׽СҲ첻ӢܣҪ֪ʱĵӣȻ嶾֮ͨȫ֪ãܵٶҲڶṦ֮䣬ûѧλ֮Ҿ֮иͲܶܵǹʱʿҪ׽˱ЩӢܵĶ֣һͱײõɶ
ʿ˰빴ǹ·ȥӢܾͲͣԾţЩʿһʱ޷֡
ʱѾмṦǿĴڸ׷ֻǶеİЩ˼ɣҹݱƽ
ʮ֮ӢܾȻӪһɽ𣬺ֻŶʮṦϼѵĴڸˣӢܲʱֻѾûӵǹ裬ÿһΣЩڸ־ͣ׷㡣
˻ʮ֮󣬴ڸǼȻûзǺ˵İЩ˹ȥңĽжЩţҲڲ²İѾˣӾͽĴѾԽԽ׷ǰۿžҪˡ
Ӣֻ֪ҪЩ˵ԼǰԼߣæ֮䣬һˣұһƬɭ֣ӺȻһۣ˳·ˣǼɭ֮ȥһӾľ֮û
Щڸּ״Ҳ׷׺Ƚ׷ɭ֮УɭṦ޷ʩչģֻֿܷХΪš
ӢLżΪḻĴ־飬һɭ֣ʱˮһ㣬ٱܣǼἫСĴţǳҶŨïʢĵطȥ
ʮڸҪһԲɭȻܵ£ûãӢźЩڸִ˷ХѾԽԽԶˡ
ӢʱſʼŲɭﱼʱ彡ƺòľټϲع˼ӲݴеĶ֮࣬еþ͸ӿˡ
Сʱ֮Ӣܴɭֵһ߳ԽɽȻһʮ׸ߵСɽϡ
Сɽ֮ϣӢ͸ҶȥʱҲһ㶣ԭƺһׯȫ߰ǽĽһשƵ¥Ȼֲܴڣһŵķǳ룬治ͣĴͼԵ̼
Ӣֻһ֪һжΪ֮ѾǴϵĹŴˣ治֪ﻹЩʲôı仯


 226 Σ
ѾûӵǹǷ˰֮УӢҪȡԶ쿴ǰȴԶѾѹһţҲɢ֪ǱǾ£ɵðһ̾ҲһƬأǹԶԶԸģԷﶼ֪ѾȫʧȥãİգѾԽԽС
ƵԶϣɽȴׯĵطѾȫũӡϹϣȻҪԴö࣬ǽƵĵҲǳıѹ
ӢʱŸоңȻҪůһЩǳʣѧʶ㲩ֻ΢΢˼еĵңɽγ˰أӦúʪȣйĴһһٺȴγ˿Ķ˵²ãȻ˾סĵط˵ļ紺ȻǴţĻֲȻõοЩҲƷ֣ңİգӦòм֮ˡ
ʱŶ㣬Ŷ̷ũģڸûнеֶңӢܿԼײģҪ߳ȥȻЩũĻɣ֪ңһЩܿʼһжҲ˲ˣ˳ȥ
ũܿľƼӢܣ̶׷ͷסȴһʮ꣬ųĸ˴ȵ˭أǲɷض
ӢʱȻһʽȴũ׷׺һһʮ꣬ݸߵ˵죬Ҳ¶η֮ɫ
ӢڴʱѾжϡαüĶЩũԺ󣬽ǻΣǸղоɫӣȵ𶯣һʹ㡣
ԸȻųæͷŵȴ˵
Ӣʱ֪ԼѾȥвͬ޷ƣղȻƽ࣬ﻹǲġȥ̽̽⼸˵ıҺöкһԼ֮ĶԹذն޹ģȨȥǵ
ʱվԶѾһ԰׵ӵ˵
սս˹󡭡үɱҡҼﻹ̷
ӢȻɱҪңһЩ飬ӿɲܲװ½һɱҪҲɱҲԣشһЩ⡣
ﱾͼϣʱΪӼˣĵ㺧һƵģڵأͣطŶǣһشֻҪ֪ģһش𣬲аֵ
Ӣܱã㣬ʲô֣ʲôط
æСС˽ɽ塣
Ӣܵ˵ͷֵ㣬ңʵۻǲʲôط
û뵽ǰδ󺺻ʳɵһ죬Ҷʣֻʵʵػش𣬱ǣңĻʵ۵ȻǡǻϣӦ츮Ļʹ
ȻڣӢһղ˵ʲôɷĶǵȥһɷ壬ѾѹշˣĪֿʼɷǲˣ
ԽԽ֣ʵڻɴһɽ֮ãô˵ôɷ޹ˣ΢΢һֵ˵ͷǵģɷǰͿʼˣͷȴةͨĶӣ˻ǰЩϾչϰɷȥһֱɹͨŶû뵽ͨһةΪңϹᣬ湦Ķӹ˻Ҳһλţսıԡ֮ڹة֮ϣͷΪɷأ˻ҰģȻᵱɷĵһѪħһѪӣһ̣Ȼ¶ˣɿɷ췴ѾǴˣûнƽⳡң˵ңȥҵúܣҶĵģʳҲԣǻһͳ֮󣬰ǲŰҵһ̣ɽԶսʱ򲻹̺۵ĳأϻ߾ﳤפĵطֵͦԸܹɷ˲ǣ˵ЩײеýŮ˻ǶһҪңˡһɿɱڡ
Ӣ֪˵Ϊһ»صңģⳡɷĶˣֲĪ˵ᡣΪɵ˵ңĵһ֣ʲôѪӱΣ
ȴҡͷ֪ô̵ԽԽ˵ѾչǺüˡӦҲ
ӢǸʵͽͨũ񣬵طסƫƧȻһЩ鲻Ҳʣ͵㣬Ӧ츮ôȥ
æһָɽǹݾ硣ȻݡݡݣӦ츮ˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȻһӣҲΡ
λũϵһױ˷֮Ӣܾͷǰȥûнɽ壬ƹ˴ׯԱߵһЩϲ˼ܣشԽ˹ȥ
Сʱ֮󣬾͵һ಻Ĵɽ֮£ʱɽѾԶˣɽϲûʲôӢܾȥǰУҪڹȥȻڴʱƣ벻ˣнƺʹ
ɽСʱңżʿ뱳ŲԷ·ӢܵĶҲȹȥܻ࣬ڵһʱ䷢֣Ȼ·ԣ˿ȥ
ʱѾб£ƻ裬ɽϦֵóֳһƬ֮ɫ΢棬ӢһˬԴӽң֮ŵһθеƽ
ʱȻǰӰӶһвһ˼͵һǰˣĻǾҵһʹ
˿Ѿعͷ˺龰ȴһźɫװŰֱֺۣԼ󣬻ͬװӣɽ֮еĴڸ֣ʵû뵽ĵ׷ԼŰֺӸղҪֵԼѨλϱ˱ϦͶӰӣֵĲλƫˡ
ӢܼʱԼصѨҲһ㶣һȽУ˾ͷĸλӢΧס
ʱӼӢû˾µİЦŵСӣȰ־ܣҪ翹ҿˡ
Ӣܼ涼λεĵŵĽа裬Ĵӵץһɳʯվװŷǳɥӵ벻ǾȻ׷ˣúãͶǣ˵ģɲܸҿͷԡ
ӵͷңϻ꽣һŵǧֻҪ㲻Ҿĥ㣬ֻǽѺǣϷ䡣
ӢܵĪ˵ҪҵѪ׸ǸϺȣҲûô
ǣϻ꽣񶫵ҾͲܹˣĪô˵ȻĵΪңҹͣѪҪĶ棬ʵòġ
ġ顱ֻûгڣӢܾȻֻһҵİ
žͽеɳʯ˶һĴڸ֡
ĴڸէȻĽŶԷųһƬ£Ҳϸ룬ϽԾһߡ
Ӣܾǵ¶ȱڣһ壬Ѿ˳ȥһƬɽ¡
һýƻСӣӵҪжӳҵġ
Ӣʱȫܶţüȡ±İóֻǹŻŻЩˣǺ񶫵ʵ׷̫ûʱȥȡǰǹ
ʱɽѾˣһ£Ӣܵ￴һȴа֮ߣ޷ԾѾ޿ˡ
ۿѾӢ͵һҧһƾǰ񶫵Ĳӻȥ
һƻӳǷХһڼҺ֣ҲһһཻӶʱһ𣬾Ȼ岽ұҲһ顣
Īûиһڴڸ˵Ӣܵľ񶫹۲Ӣܵȷ书ֻƽΨһɵĵǱܹϵİû뵽˵Ȼ˸ܹԼɵִĺǣСģСӵЩŹ֡
ӢܵʽȻ򵥣·ֻƴһ;˫ȭչú죬ȫ֪ƣ룬ڸֵĪҪץڵķԸĴ˼ɣһʱȻβжСȻʲôʽᱻԼס


 227 ɷ֮1
ڼ֮УСĴڸһʱʢӢܵƺԼ֮£ЩӢһȭҲһȭȥ
ʱ֮䣬ֻȭͷһֻһҺһɫӰ󼱷ɶĴڸֱӢǿ˳ȥڵˡ
ȴǡϻ꽣񶫵İͽСɡǨ񶫼״æȥ鿴Ǩôˣ
ǲǨסֱۣһһߵʦҵֶСӰҵ
񶫶ȥһ˺俴ȥȻұѾ߸ǹ֮״ɴʹվ˫Ѿ˺⣬ܣߵܣСӵˣñƲסĪֻ˵Ҫ׽Ҳûйϵ
񶫶ңɵͬţĻӦһİγһһӢܹȥ
ԷһϱӢܵӲƣûʲôʽԸһʱ֮䣬ͱ֧穣ֻһܵˣߴһǰһУѪʱ˳˵ϣҶԷֻսȡ̵ֻһҪһغ
ʱѾСֻ书ֱǲۣһһ֮Ȼ״転ֽŻӶ˿ҲǰĴ˵ĺ£֮ھƷЦСӣ͸˵ˣ練ֻֿԣáãͷҲ֪ɵ
һ˵ţһ߳˸ղŸڱĳһ𣬾ԾߣӢܵͷ¡
Ӣֻ˺
񶫲վȡڿһƳףһؼͷ̳
ӢȻķӦȴǣ񶫵Ӱ٣߿һ󲽣񶫵ĳ˸ա
һʽŵľѧʲô书ʽСӾȻܹͷУǰݣɴһСӣܵùһ𣿡
˵ŻѾһ佣
Ӣܹж佣ʵұѾ£Ҳ˲һæ֮䣬ȴȻͣסˡ
ҲûϵʱֹͣǽͲٱã¶潣ӢܵҼ硣
ʱӢһضȥһǰһˣȻǳļͷֱ˹ȥ˽
񶫲ľ鲻ǳŹֵĶһ㶣ľͷӦ֪ȭͷԼȴ취ܾˣ뵽˵һҪˡ
ӢǴĶΪε֮һȭӳѾؿڣ񶫶ʱߵķƵķɳȥ߰⣬΢ܵһܣùҪˣǱӢһȭĿѪܵش춼
Ȼľޱ䣬һʱ֮ҲĿɿڴžͷӦĺ߳ţһһҼл
Ӣǿ񶫣Ҽ绹ǱѪ˳ŽҲɵֻһһһӶʱվˣһ֮⣬˫һգʱȥ
ŻѪӢǰʧŵæȥƣֻаףȫǼӲʯѣֻһʯǰ͹𣬵סߣƲӢܵˤʲôط
ȻӢˤôߵ£ȫʯѣɥĻʾھųϣ˻ǲģһ˶վ񶫵ʦ֣Һʦܵȥ
ߵ±ߣͷƣҡͷСӹƻܣѵʲôط𣿡
ǱܵһʱȻһŵѽһƬطǻϻĽκ˲ý롣
񶫵˵ͷ˵ŻһսƥɷǷŵģȥ⣬صּⷽԲʮﻮΪɷͬϢֻÿԴ˽ȥһѡβսʱҪߣҪس͵ġ
ߵܵǺãѵǾͲСĪҪˡ
񶫳̾һˣĪҪǻڣС˴ôߵĵطˤȥǰʬȥĪƢŹ֣ѱʲôǲǶһ²һ£ܡߵܡǨȥҶҪСӣûС
ôһ˵˶ͷžԼ
ʵ˲֪ǣ˵ĻȫӢ˶
ԭӢ̤֮Ҫǻ˱ˣһᾪʧ룬ֱֱˤ£ȷų˵ķӦˤȥʱ򣬱ǿ͹ʯ裬ȥƾ͵õһȻ»ʱæ֮ʯǣżץȥЩЩˣǼͣӢȻڿУֹͣ׹֮ˡ
ȵŵ˽ԶӢϸһȷûˣͿʼŻʹ˳Щɽϵȥ֪Լ˲ᣬҪȥѱЩڸ֣״̬Ҳֻ־ˣЩ˵Ľ˲룬˵Ļᣬղż˲֮󣬸ԼڵʵͱմıߣĪǡ嶾šϰһʱɣȻƲǺܸѧܱʲôǿ
һһĻ˰׸ߵ£ӢֽδͣѪڲͣţѾ˳صĸоֻͬСɣվʯڵϣǰһķڣ͵˯һ
ӢʧѪ֮״Ҫֻ¾ҲѲˣҧȻڱİȡԼңʱ׼õϰҩҼϡ䡢ҴȲ˿һ㣬ȻѾȾͨ˺ѣʵʵİãLȻܹˣԶأǵĪ嶾ıʣҲǻġ
ﻹһѹɣӢ׼һʱϣȻѾǿڸƤҲѣʣһһڵĳţǻʵʲȥˣԵʯһݣץľ׽΢΢Щˮ˳ֿʼʱɡ
ȵѹɳһ룬ӢֺСĵİãŷ񾭣ʯ֮У۾


 228 ɷ֮2
һ˯治֪˶ʱ򣬵Ӣٴȴֱ̫Լͷһʱ䣬ƻʱµģ磬һ˯ʮ˾ŸСʱѪ
ת֮ľǺ࣬еȴ͵ĸɿʣ˫ѣƺҪŲˣȴˮԴֻóһݷֽһʯȥҵˮ֮ǻᱻġ
Ӣܵļ硢ˣȻѾֹסѪôһֿʼӰĲĽѪˮʱѾ˲࣬Ϊ֧ţʯȥ
ڼѵУֱһСʱ֮󣬲ųʯѣȴһɽ£ӢȥжʱһϲԭɽײȴһϪϪߣȴƥɫҰеĳԲˮɫġɫġɫġɫġɫĻӳһƬһƶƲһ㣬СϪϣвٵҰʵԹƾɽһ硣
ɽȻʯѺˣӢʵǿʵӿٶȣȥ˰Сʱ㵽ϪˮߡʱϵȻˣ˶䡣еʼ㳤˻
Ӣܴ˿ȥǣͷ峺Ϫˮ͵ءĿֻϪˮޱȡ
ӺضѾȵñˣ̧ͷҲΪ֮йȻ˲ϪԵزݵϢ
ʲôԶƺһĳ˻
һ˻еʼɧͣӦ̬֮ʿǼԼĹһ㣬ɰǧ˻һټɽĻεΪ׳ۡ
Ӣܼ˷龰֪ôԾҲһݣվʱɽһƥĨһĺͨҰҪ߳ϣֻȳĳԲͣɵĶţ˳ëӭ١Ⱥ֮УЩһߣͷ˻
Ӣͨһӣϲˣ֪ȻȺͷ죬ʱղɽϵĻ˵ΪʱսһƥУɷİűΪأһƥ಻ʮ꣬㣬ƥɷӦѾˣһƥ̬붶ļӦֻ꣬Ҳ˵ղڣӱˡ
˼֮䣬ǺѾ˶Ϫˮͣ£ӢܻΪҪ䦹Ϫȴ׷һ˻Ѿڿն𣬾ƵԾˮ档
û뵽Ȼ棬ҲܣֱӾܹԾ׿ϪӢľ֮£һϲԼҪܹõ͸Լĸ
⣬ǺѾߣȴ¶ޱȵĵ⣬ĬĬһ󣬺Ȼַһ˻ӣǰӢ
ӢܲҰԣͣԼ֮УܹӲæ֮䣬Աߵһ
ǺȻϷŹת˷򣬲ͣ˻̤ӢֻвͣĹˣôҵĹѾ˰̵˿ˣ硢ʹѵԽԽˣԼȻģһҪӣһʱκβۼԱߵҰҲڷ׷ҪһӿϣǸ̤ɡ
鼱֮£ӢֻÿٵԱһˡһϪ֮УȻ˳ˮȥǺˮ룬ͷһȴ
ӢһԶתһ䣬ѾҰȺˣǰһƬƽ̹ĲݵأͻӶۣ˹ȥ˰
˰֮Ӣٴ˿ڣĲݵ֮ϣ֮ʵ˼ǻƽȮۣңۣõĳѪһɱ֣LŷɥӰ˭뵽һңͱץסʵ飬Ҫ۸ԼŪԼǱңѵô£еĽţﶼҪһǲɴô
ӢԸ񣬱۵ֻǸһʼ˼ңȥڵ˵ȻκˣȻǡ嶾šһ书ܹﵽʲôĳ̶ȣҲֻˡ
뵽ǡ嶾šӢæ˰ȴĶȫʪˡ嶾šҲ⣬ֻǻûбãϽ˳̫ɹּʣµİѹѾݵˣȡȫԵ
ӢѾԽˣʳ֮Ϣһ£ʱͻָվĴʮԶĵطһҶΪԼʱ֮ʰһȳһյ˹ȥ
Ҷȴһ볱ʪһߵ˸һߣѰ˸طźáӢⶴ겻̫Щ֮ԼѾ˿ڣʱʯ˯һҹղŻˮȻûк֮У嶾֮һοԼԷײĪΪ巢Եĸı䣬ҲǲеңǹѾһҪԼΨһϣˡ
ҶһƬһЩҰȻɬǿԳ伢ӢժһЩýҶϢһ죬˿Ѿࡣ
˵ڶ磬š嶾š߳Ҷڲݵϡ
ǡ嶾šϲȫöζ֮ӢûʲôȤͷһߡֱӷвڹ֮ȴƪдôһλǬߣ֮Ż֮ĸᡱҪ֪嶾ŵȹȥһ򣬶󲿷ֵĴ򶼳е֮ѧµڹķȻر֮洿ͳйо٣롰ȫմϱߣ仰˵嶾ڹܸ٣˼ǬֱؼҲǡסԵĻǬԴԴ롢ҡޡ㣬ԣ໥صͱʮԣ˵Ǭǳǹǳᣬ뿲ǳ챣֮󣬳Ӳǰڹ˵Ǭǵ뿲ҩҪԼ֮С
ӢȻĵѧģоʷףֹȻԣͨһֱȥһ֪⣬ﻭ˵Ѩλͼ֮ӣӢּǴ²е˼Ҳʮ֮˾š
Ҳ֪ⶫãһʱĥòˣ˵ϥ
ԭ֮Уؾ֫ٺ˴ϵ뻥Լʹγһ԰Ϊĵл塣ʮ໥ӵĹɣֵǴѭڲֵ֣ٴͷѭءв¹ɵ࣬ٴѭ֫ڲྭأ⣬л澭Ҳǵ·߼ӹɡ
ͨƽʱЩǱŵģԵǳŬػӳһȭ֮ȻܹЩҲֻ΢΢ֻҪЩȫ֮ͨ󣬵֮˳ž֫ٺﵽʵⲢ棬һֻϿ԰˱ԼʮʳһİأҲִҽѧ˵ǱܣЩѧ޹֮ſѧĽȱĳ֣ûôҪټйؽ֮жͽҪһֵĴͳعÿһսµѧʧ峯֮ѱսپζңѾ޷ҵһ֮ˣҲȤļֵȥϵڼҸֳˡ
ӢоѾڱ嶾ĶȫͨǸ¥еĹѳɣͲܹ۳ɵ֮ȻշŴﵽ֫ã˷˵һǧû֮ͨƽܾ裬ܷصɵ߻ħ
˵˵ʮ糿ӢתС죬վ˿ҲѾ߰˳ɣһЩ޳Чߵһĥ̴ʯͷߣ۵Ŵһȭ͵ĻӳֻһХǡ䡱һʯͷһɽȻѳ飬ɢȥ
ԼһȭȻ֮Ӣһϲһֽ˫ȣһԾ
һԾ֮£Ƽ˿УؾȻԶĪѾ߳ˡ
ڵվȣӢֻ彡ȫһ̥ǵĸоѾʧȥֽĪ˵ңĵһ֣ԼĿǰĶ֣ѱպ󲻿һϳ̡


 229 ɷ֮3
ʱӢŵһŵ֮ζȴԼϷģ뵽Խң֮ûϴˣʱҲüͽȫУܵϪԣȽȫϪˮϴɾ
ڲݵɹ̫֮ӢܸžϪˮ֮УӾϪˮǧûܹκεȾ峺ȿ֪ˮϺȥҲɼ
ЩӢܳҰԵòҪˮˣ˿ȬϣٵĶ˻ѣǱˮȥ׽㡣
ڵҪ׽Ȼ׵úܣϪˮּ࣬ʮʱ䣬׽ڰϡ
һ󣬺ݺݵĽϵ۹ɾƻһ̬ӢϰҲȥľ𣬽Щ˺ϪˮϴͿʼƬˮȻۣӢֶýˣ¶ǻˮȥ׽£Ȼһˮȥ̯̯ŵڲݵϡ
ıϺů̫Ǹһ㱡̺ӣӢܴʱȴһֻĸо·һжңԶˣʲôѪĵһɱ֣ʲô̳һĻĻ龰Ը룬Ҳ·ҪˣǡʱҶٻ桢櫡ѩáЩŮ˵òȴһĸǵЦǵԹеĳա·ڻʵļ䣬΢΢ʱһŮ˳Уı飬ż¶Ĵ뼤ĸһݷ
ĸĳ֣ңĿġӢܾͳ׵ˣһһԾ𡣾Ϳʼȥǡ嶾š²ᣬڹѾгЧʱϰʽˡ
²һƪ书ɣصͨȭȭȭ޺ȭ·ǹ廢׷絶ȵȣ൹ͦ࣬ÿһֶʽȱȫ
ӢҲ޿κΣֲܲȥԱ֦һһ̣̱ʹáʽڹÿһʯϻһȽ嶾šмص书ȫһ飬ʯѾ˶ʮۡ
书䵱䵱ѧȻԪĩǺĵӴзĵ۽ʱŽʮ̫꣬ȭд֮Уѧֻ࣬аơŹţȻҲǶ©
һӢܽƵһʽ̫Ԫ꣬ȥʯϻһᣬöʮ죬⡶嶾šʽȫƵϵģֻܿǿļסʵսûãҲȫûеס
ʱϵѾȫˣһƺɢľʵúõķйһ£˿ȻձƵԼˮӵغʱǰȥѩˡ
һˣӢܾζȥչɽһ۾ͿɽµҰȺֻǲ֪ƥְֺ޵ĺʲôط
һ߽ҰȺУʱͬգˣֻߣȴɷ󲽶¶ؼÿһڶţСδսʿʷķɡ
˽ЩҰϴ׷׷˻С
Ӣ֪ǺҪˣҲߣվȺ֮оĺš
ȻһƥһĺɽԳӰë裬ɣȻԾϪӢվķ
ܿģǺ͵ӢܵߣȻۺݺݵ˵Сӣϴηһûˮ׷㣬ֻô
Ӣܴ˼ЦŵҪӢܲѱ㣬˾̫ʧˡ
ǺͨԣȻĻҲ֪Լƣʱ˻һӣֻǰȵŶǼʽȻЩǽʩչȡ
ӢѾǵյ°ˣҪڹȥֻܲͣĳҶѾ̥ǣ˫һѾεض𣬾һԾ˺ıϡ
ǺҲ˾ȻɵԼϣķӦҲһ˻Уһͣҡš
ıϼǹ⻬ë֮ץΣӢҲ᲻קƯףôһߣʹӺϻҪ֮ʱϵᱻߣĺҽżһ㣬׿⡣
Ǻתӣ񱼶ƺ뽫ײ
ӢܲԼߣָ߸ԾҪٴݵıȥ
˭֪Ǻϴγ˿ȴѧˣһԾӾͼٵİڵһߣӢܾȻһգ˻ǣɵá桱һ
ʵ֪¼а˴ϵҲǴ˵еѲ죬̫ɽ߼ĸõ̶ˡơu֡ꡢɽӰ֣˿Ҳ࣬ҲԽԽϸ˴ϵ֮СйƳõĳһһ࣬첻֮ףѪͳ߹ģǷֳ͵һϵֻܵഫͨԣĲ˵һ⣬Ϊʵ֪Ǳʹڴ˴ǵ꽨ĵġ
游ɷսһͳң֮󣬱ڴˣﻮΪңĽ֮һʱһΣΪѡҰ֣ɷ֮ʹʹĿһʶǰɽｨһĹ廳ƥԼ˺պսѣĸҲʱɽ޾ȻģˣҵһЩֲܹĹΧϣɷĺܹǿһЩһЩСǳЩģǿ֣Ӣûе嶾֮ȫı䣬滹κβ
һһ˾ţ߲ӢܣӢҲȥ
ʱӢܼԼߴʱѾΧƥĿ¶׹Ұ㣬ֻҪǺһ£ҪԼȺ֮ǺȻԸӢܣȻ䣬һһѣӢţӢֻʵ̫ԼƢˣиϲ
Сʱ֮ӢҲ°ۻˣҴʱҲЧķշһιݣʮ֮⣬ֵǾһѧЩ书
˵žԽԽԶǺҲ׷
صҶ⣬Ӣܲеƣ룬ҲϢȥǡ嶾š²ᣬûʲô书ѱá


 230 ɷ֮4
һ֮󣬺Ȼһƪ书Ӣܵ۾淴дɣֻд书ƣɺ׾ű䡱ļأȴһṦȻдšű䡱֮¼ȴֱֻ仯
Ӣпϧ⡰ɺ׾ű䡱ܹڿתۣǶԸǺõ书
Ӣܽɺ׾ű䡱ĿھϸϸĿ飬Ȼĥʼϰ
û뵽⡰ɺ׾ű䡱Ȼֻ䣬ӢʱգԾڿ֮󣬾ﵽ׸ߣܹƮƮΣޱȡ
˵ڰ磬Ӣ㽫ɺ׾ű䡱ֱ仯ȫգԾڿҲѾλһϲãȲȥǺȥˡ
ǰɽ£һӢһǺʲôطʩչṦƹȺҰŶɽºûķȥ
һ͵ɽ֮ϣʱǰһݵ÷ǳԲηĹĹԱ߻һСĹֲĻݣһС͵Ļ԰һ㣬һʱȴûзǺӰ١
ӢķĹ˹ȥʱһĹɷĿ֡Ѻɷ֮Ĺǡңʵʯ֮ȴдĹɽȶʶϱս棬ɷƽһҲ϶֮ھ١㲻֪ƣ˹׷ƽʮʮҹĹԵغһѺ֮ѣɷ֮ţʹ졣
Ӣİ׵Ĺ֪ⶨȻֱʣȻĲɲôмСܹõʱеʹǵıˣвɵһһƥԼ̵ĸ飬ȴ԰Լ¶֣ʵЩìܡ
ܿͨˣƥһͳңʱѾõһ֮Ȼ֮飬ȴһʱһУ֮ʱν˼䡱ġһϻǡ˱ģ¶Ҳ֣ϾǸӶģһţһӢǳʦĺ֮ʱǤڣҲ֪ʮ׮ɱ˰֡һˣΪԼȥۣʲô
뵽ȥǵڶĹأȴĹϿšɷ֮ĹĹƺҲֱʣдȴǡְ֮ңһ޼գϲ֮̾Ψ֮Ůܳ꣬޲֡
ĹӢҲڸ̾ǺɷӦзǳḻľˣȻѣҲһɷ֮ӣȻɽкóԺúȣңƽȴһƬհף֪ϲǱ
ʱҲӢǱŵҰģǰһҪµµΪĶɹһǺ׵أԼһ𣬲ӦöصĻţҵһҵǧ֮Ҳ֪Ӣ֣˽ܣۣǲġ
˼Ŷ׷󣬾һ˻һƥĹС˳ﻹڽżöĹӡ
էȻվڸĹǰӢܣǺȻǷŭ˻һӢǰ㡣
ӢܲƻתɽȥǺŹĸ
һһ۵糸ףѾ̵Ĳݵϡ
Ӣܴʱǰܣת˲͵Լǰĺſһݡ
ǺͼʶһУ£ӾͰһߡ
һӢѾѧǡɺ׾ű䡱ڿһ׹ٶȾͻһֻһڿкһۣ˺ıϡ
Ǻ˾ﵽԼıϣϽǰӢ׼ÿǰѾ§סϸ˫Ҳеġ
ǺûӢˤӣԽˣһʱǰ㣬һʱȣӻŤͺĵ˹
ӢܰʹԼ֮࣬˫˫ôͺεմһ㡣
ǺǱˣƽҵĵְֻ֧СʱңȴһֱŪСʱĻӢѱ䣬˵СʱǰСʱҲ֧Ų
ˤӢܣǺһ˻Ȼϱһֱ£ԾϪӢȻԭеƲ䡣
ӭ֮Уֻ÷ڶԺХӢܼٶȵݣиϲľӣĵҽӰ游ɷҲһ֣ͽȰɣúò
ǺȻʲôӦɽһ·񱼣һܳʮӢſǰ澹һ·
ȵ˾ͷ֮󣬺ȾͿʼܣǰɽϣȺдţһСʱƺûƣ롣
ӢʱҲˣ֪ڽͽշǲܵģľӵȣҪ˵ټˣ㡣
һ˵ţѾʩչɺ׾ű䡱ƮƮ˵ϣȻ˻֣ɻصԼĵطϪˮ׽˼
š嶾š¼书Ӣһȱĳһ٣ȥҺȣһΣһһֶСʱȻǺּֿԲˣʼұܼҲƽࡣ
ƽѱľ飬״̬Ǵ󹦸ɣӢܾԾȥκȥԲˮ
û뵽ǣȺȳ˲ݣˮӢҪȥʱֲԸˣߴڸͣ
Ӣ֪ԵģҪ̫ǿʵڲʲô£Ϸˣһ󣬾ֻȥˡ
Ӣһ䣬һͷҺȽǰȶеģ˺ҲԼȷǶԸˣûʲô⣬Ϳʼ˳ЩӢԼһ󡣵˵ĸ£ӢܾȥɽһЩȹŵҰιÿμӢһ֣Զͻӭȥһһͽıˡ
֮ӢѾ嶾šصЩɵѧȫ꣬ЩѧʵҵýҪãֻʵս
Ӣһʱٴϰһеѧ֮һ糿֮󣬾׼Ҫˡ
ʰðҳЩҰӢܾߵǰɽȣ򴽴һڣȵϵʽĿ֮ͻǻ԰ƵĹˡ


 231 
ȻӢܵĿǺȾ˳һ͵ͣ£ͷӣʾѺá
ӢԼȵӣʱȴԥ游һԼȥɾ͹һǵϴ
ʱһźȵͷȰȣȥҪԼ⣬ɣҵ棬ֵһͣסˣǾȻһܻţһġ
һ˵ţһ߾ǰ漱жȥѾ߱ɽȣ֪ǰ濿ɽǱߵɽƽԺȵĽܹȥġ
ǺΪȻԼϷˣͻһںĸš
Ӣܼ״һͼӿ˲ʩչṦȫʱһ֮ǡɺ׾ű䡱Ȼֻѧһ룬ѾͨṦ֣һǷ۵糸ͬСɡ
ǺţȻϷ䣬չëں׷һһһǰһֱǰ߰·ɽƽ䰫ɽҲʼƽ
ӢܼˣȴкͿٵɽ£һɽŻͷȥȡ
ֻȲûиɽ²ͣŲ̬ǽƺ֪ɽ¾ͲԼˡͣӢܣȴ᲻
ӢܼҲһԵʧ䣬ȻǿźȻ˻֣ҪɽǰС
ʱȴȳһ˻žɽ֮ϱһһ͵ģûþ͵Ӣܵߡ
Ӣһϲס˺ȣȰȣ᲻ңҺγأãң˼ʶʶֵ硣
һ˵ţһ߾ͷﵽ˺ϣ˫һСȾ֮ɽȥ
ȵĽǺε֮졣Ƭ֮ʮʱɽִ֮ȴӭӦֻһˡ
Ӣʱѧһӵ书ȻҲ¡ͲܲõȻǰţֻ΢úȷЩٶȣÿˡ
һ֮󣬾ǰĹ֮һ󺺣ǿ࣬Լ˶٣ͷϴŶԱñϴŽǮۡ滹ϴһһޣһĵ⣬Ӧһλɽȥ½ˡ
Ӣһֱ¶żͷĪĿҲСֽͳ˺üڣʵؤ죬ûйκӣʱѾһףһƥͷԵ磬˲һؤ
ǴҲ˹Ӣܣϵش࣬Ͻʵ͹ļ⣬϶ʱ¶η֮ɫͷȥȥ
Ӣ֪Լһʵ̫ע⣬Լβ࣬¿ȫԽãжʱһϲĺȣͣȻһιǰֵܣվס
Ǵ󺺱ͺ£ôһһӦǡ⣬ǿˡ̻һޣҪȥ
ӢŹһʩչɺ׾ű䡱Ծ˿УȻǴ󺺺ץסСᵽ˵ϡ
Ǵ󺺼֣иǰп࣬ɫȫˣáú󡭡үСЩȫȥǧǧСһСһҰ˿ڣȫСҰ
һ˵ţһ߽⿪˰ȻмںĽ⻹Щƽ
Ӣ˵ң󣬻ƽ沢ֵǮֵǮһֿγܹ߱ɨã˷ȥɲûǮֻίˣһЩˡ
½ӹǴ󺺵İöңԼذȴȻ·Ӹȫˡ
׶ֻȡԼһǮƣǴ󺺻ڸˣȴôһ˵ֽҪ֪֮ʱ֮缫ΪʢУַҲŽĵ۴ң֮˵ķȻ࣬ûȫž󺺼ӢһɽӣһǶǵ̫ʣνʳԼһӣԼڽˡ
󺺵ĵͷʵڲɱȻп಻ղżӢ֣ܵﻹҷֻսսȫ·ӣĹſڵϣβʣ󡭡ү󡭡һЩССĴûһ̴ûãСŪ㡣
ǰ󺺺Ȼ˵ľٶӢһʱҲĿɿڴһŷӦʱʧЦǴ󺺵ƨɾһţ߷ڵأģ㶼óӷ㡣
һ˵ţһȥǴ󺺵·ȥ׿㣬ϣȻ˹ȥǴ󺺼ţ֪Լ˵ʱ̵ˣҡͷүүɱңɱҡ
ӢɱסѨûô֪ͨңĹٸ
Ѩ֮Ȼڡ嶾šѧľ㣬һǵѨ֮ʱõҪѨ׼ȷΪݶǲͬѨλҲв죬һĵѨҪϵٳܴﵽһ㼴еľ磬ӢֻѧѨλȴϵò׼֪ǰġѨȫ㵽˴ȫ飬޷ʱĳ̣ҪѨ˵Ĺˡ
ӢܳεѨҲЩûаգ˫ָǴ󺺵ؿھһ㣬ֻǴ󺺡Ӵһֻ裬ŻܶȻʧˡ
ӢҲģֳؿ˼Σ󺺶ʱһ󡰰ӴӴҽУʵڸ㲻λϴΪʲôԼؿôȤ
˵ڰ˴ϣӢܻûе㣬Ǵ󺺾͡ǸӴֲû³ڣѾŴͣ۾ֽܶȫ޷ˡ
Ӣܼ״ϲæǴ˸һ֮УİԱߣȻųȥƥߡ
ȵ»صȵϣӢѾһͷԱñǮۣЩСƵ̼ˡ
һ·ɽǰУĸСʱ֮ѾɽɽƾͿʼƽľ͵ƽԭش
Сʱ֮󣬾ֵһׯׯȻɽ࣬ȫֲڵש¥ׯ˿ڻҪܼҴǻЦԵüֺгɷңûвЩҸɫƣµңǼΪɹ
ӢܿЩװ磬ȴָԲͬϵĴŴͳۣųȴŶ̷żп˻߳ϵţƤȻɫ࣬Ҳʣʽȴ£ЩϵĴ帾ĴװǳȹΣŹŵζ


 232 ֮
ʱӢȴһǽʲôΧָָۣȥۿ
һʱЩȻʧЦֻ滭ŵķ·Լͷ񣬵Σòֻķֵ񣬶ԼһףǸ޷ԼŻϵˣȻЩΧ۵Ĵϳ١
Ӣܲҡͷ̾һֲùȥʲôˮɽЩúɱ£Դҡڵӹٸ׷ûץʵڲôѧֻϧûнļң
ʱĶѾˣڴһСƹݡ
Ӣ˽ȥҲ֪Щʲô˵¶ڣͽϰѡֵĶһþƣõιȡ
ûãϰͶ˲ȴһ̽ţ⣬һ̺չ⣬һ̻ţΣһð״ƿװоӦ߰
Ӣܳ˴Ұ͵ˣЩˣ̲סࡱһһڿˮﻹס̴ڴڵĳֻԭͨ򵥵ļˣζʵˬһдûг
ȡƺҲһԵľƱӢܾźͺоζ㵹㣬ӦñľƶҪֲ࣬ɺʮ붼ɽϻ
ʱӢȴԼһĺȺȻֹͣ˳ϣƫͷԼеľƺƺ˾㣬ʱ˻
Ӣܼ״档ȣѵҲȾ𣿡
һ˵⻰һֽеϰȡһһ˵ߡ
Ⱦͷһֻͣһһƾͼ˵ףֵͷͣ˻С
Ӣܸǲ졣еϰ屧һ̳ľȻȫԱߵ
Ȳֵ꣬ͷãǾƾͲһ롣
һ¡ʱھƹĴע⡣ȵΧʱվˣָָģ˵ûпҪƵġ
Ӣ֪ԼȲ̫עˣҴҳ˷ͽеϰʮͷһʡһǶƽƽȷǲôֵۡ
ǮӢܾźȴ˴ׯǰȥ
һ·ֹģǲСĴׯʱ·ʯ̳ɵģ͵һϣаô·ƽסһ·
ӢܴʱѾֲ֣֪Щִ⼸ʮﲻܲʹң仯ʱȻһ治֪ûǹеĻʵһ£ܿͷ뷨ǹЩڸĪҲ˵ǹʲôİôˡ
һţһ߷ǰۣ·ϲʱʿӭԽԽ
һСʱ֮ԶԶľͼһߴĳǽߵýˣȴǳ֮дšݡּ֣ϾɣЩͷˡ
ңǰǴĵسֲ֣Ӣֻһۣ롣
óӢܵǰҲһǰģһУ꣼ˮ֯ΪĳУŮŶЩҪ࣬ʽ£ӵ¿仯Ů˻ǱŹŵװ
ӢܶһҲе棬źȻǰУֻЩֵľƽṹ෿ݶﻨ֮ĵ̣ԴҲףȻש¥ҪʵһЩϾֲܴڣԶЩľӾԳũĽǺмġ
ԵÿһⶼܲǵɫҲƽ㣬ȫƲսӣӢǻǲڸԼ˵ʲôɷңʲộǺ˵˵
ݳǹȻӢܹ˴죬ֵû꣬ÿֶǳ˿˵Ħ磬ԼĹһ£ĳ˿Ӧòڰʮ൱һ͵ĳˣң䷱ٳ̶ȣԼĿãǸ񲻵ģʵҲǿֵŷһЩ͹ҵͳˣֻȨͳиԣԼҪֻ²ô׵ġ
ʱӢ˼ţĸҲ벻ľ棬˵ԼҵĶûκεԼֻǱһͨĵͼڵһӦԼģĳҪѣô˵ⶼֵģԼҪԸıۣҪСĽңһǻá
û¹һ¹ݳǵ̵꣬ȻĿˢЩִеĶȻֲܴڣ;ȴһ޶ǶػʺǸңִ治١
Ӣܲϰ˴磬һ¹һ׻ɫװţƤѥӻϣЩűرһЩС¡͵һ¥Ϲҵȴǡ֡
Ǿ¥վһСӢܷ糾͵ӣϽܹкүүǲҪסꡣСĴţݳǣɾķóˣҪסұⱲӾˡ
ӢܼɫҲȷסˡֵϢͨԼɽ˴һң¾͵˵ͷ
ǵСܹרŵѵҲʶ֮ˣƳۿȣʱʧӴߵǺëƤ滬˳ȸʵүİɣûߣ˶Ǯֵãֵá
ӢҲ˵Ҳȷǰ취ӦøߣرҪƽţʲôܣˡ
µãסˣСȥõʦҵƽţȥһõ
СػشǣǣСˣһȥ£үȸ˨
һ˵ţһȥԸ߶ȣȥ
˭֪Ҫȣͼһĳ˻˫Ѿ
ǵСϵԣһʱƨѽһڵϡ
ԭȱһԣֻһ˴򲻿ϵأչأֻҪιʳͿߡ
ӢȻ֪ȵԣǺ׵ģĿǰϰദЦŵˣ׼һһ͸סһݡ
˵ӢҪסһݣǵСվɵү⡭ɲôãͨԣʺģƺôðɡ
Ӣˣʱ۾һɣģûǮҽͷҪסһݣô
ͳøߴ뺷ֳһŨŨףģǿס˵ģСһŭʱˣϽЦǣүС˵ˣ͸סһǺԺһݣǿϾסɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ƹ¥ȥӢܾʹ˺ȸš
ܿһԺԼʮӣǵСƿеһ䣬үһˣƣɡ
ӢܽȥһȴԼʮƽ̣Σ¹һӦȫҴԱһյأÿúȴǶ
¾͵˵ͷãˣСȥ׼Щ˶˽סҪ̳ơ
˵ӢҪ̳ƣǵСҲǰզ࣬үСҪӭͣ˸
˵žҪ뿪
ӢҪңϢСӦǸʵѡţһл㡣
ǵСȻ뿪æүʲô¾ʰɣСһ֪޲ԣ֪޲ԡ
Ӣʹ򿪰ȡҳǵСͦڿģ͸㡣
ǵС뻹̵ܴСѣʱüЦͣĵͷүлˣʲô£ʣȫݳ˭֪СǸ
ӢܵͷԭСǺãǰչң鶼֪ҽЩʲô
СӢҲӣ˵չ£Ȼɣѽүչؼˣ
Ӣܵꡣ
С꣬ôãү㻹֪ңˡ
ӢܲɫĵŶʲô£
С˻ĹεļһŻҲǱչȻɿԭѾշɷ췴ʱǼƿ˲ãһĸݣӦ츮ˡ
ӢܵôǺΣ
Сһ羴ĵȻǻƹضʴոʧأɷ˱ƻ˺ͺ
ӢҲ֪ǺͺʲôطֻϼȻӢ䣬Ϊʲôºͺǣ


 233 ң֮
СӢʻΪʲôûйºͺǣɫٰȴȻүѵ˹˻ĵةͨôȥǸϴɽĵһıҾ֮ͨѧΪҲ˺ͣ˻֮Ҫ֮ȻѳԼȹȥҲɷˣһǹᣬŻϱչ֮ʱԼһЩĸŹٱķװȥϴɷĴׯǿǵĸŮʲô¶ˣ˻ͳûߥޣ˵ȫǻΪҽȥ϶ɷʩĵȫǹͨԼϣɷ˱ͷԼ򵥣֫˻һȻͷˣɱ˵ʱפںͺǵľˣңİҲǲ֮ǹȥɷѪսɷأҲڵĺɷأǵϵĸȫɱĸ˱ǿ֮󣬶°ȥŮūˣӳ˽ǡѪɺӣʬǱذǾûһɾĵط
Ӣܼһ˵һ̾뵽һǰվɱǿ龰Ҳһ̾뵽Ҳǹ˻ҵı֮һɿּ֮ɵ͵ĳޣ˫ʩֶԽ̣ԽɷĸĻѻԽš
ʱҲΪʲô겻ңˣ滹һҵ۹һͳң֮Ϊ֮شӴ˾̫ƽˣֻʱ仹жһЩνıչءȴû뵽ĻλҰģһѪȵɱҲ˵λʧʧְ֮ĴΣȻĲƽϢңⳡҾȥ
С˻ȻڣΪ˲̱ɣȴ
˵ŪضǿƳҲҪԶһЩټǸѪħͽѪӣ϶෬򣬶޷ͺǣʧңĲپ뽫졣Ծͣսںͺչ˵عţЩͣͣȴǸʤɷȴһֱûٹңˡ
˵ֵɺ޵ǣǻǸѪȴһʲô̡ܵĽ̷չңˣҵĶЩ˷ͥʹߵڴԶغ˵ģѾСˣϵǵ͹ȥһֻǹ˻Ѫ֮£Ҳ޷ԸǰտɾҪ
ӢܵŶʲôطںͺǱָӾ𣿡
СҡҡͷǾ֮ңжµȻܳָӺͺӵ˾٣Ǹ˲õŮˣ֮󣬹ȥıԪ˧˵ϻ£ڣ˻Ҳֲ˺ȥӦ츮ػʹÿ춼˼ǹ£ϧûʲô£ֲֲɣܲξЧһϣңգʵû֮ʵû֮
˵ž͓Լᡣ
Ӣܼһߓ⣬һ۾Լ֪ʲô˼ãЩ֪ˣȳȥɡ
ǵСȻϣӢбĺȥξûʲôӦɵúʧһ߳ȥˡ
ȵСһߣӢܾڴĬĬĳ˼ȷڰյĿпڱãҪõĿڱֻǼʼģǱϾҪðǵõüŵʵݣˣͼ֮ģҲǸûʵۣңھܴңòԶԼȴҪʱʣֻ²ʱһûӣֻäĿ嶯ˣһ·ңҸһŵĸΣĸǲӰ쵽ôյİΣģҪ˽Ļʲô𣬷µĹʧҪ̫࣬ʩˣһ˵ԭ
ţСͶŷˣϣž̳ݣӢܽһߣʼòк㣬ֵһһĺȾƣҲԵ֣ӢһԺȵľƴЩ⣬Ⱥܺȵӣ
˵ڶ죬ӭ͵ĵСȻʦƽţһһϺõߣȫװ֮ԵǸӵˡ
Ӣڹס˰죬һߴźϰƣһߺĵѧϰңԷףΪʱԽԽоҪǲʵˣңҪһβ̵ʱ䣬ΪһңˣȥıҪֶΡ
֮Ӣһѳϣ׼ЩˮӦ츮Ѿڱ𣬵Լһ飬һһҪ֪Ǹʲôˡ
һ·ֹݡݣܼǹĳУ䷱ĳ̶ȱǹȴҪʤһ
յۿžҪݣӢʹˣң࣬ǰӦ츮򱱾ɷأ򶫾ǹȥԶķأѾƽŮҲȢ˶ʺȥĴʺ弰ĸ׵ܰʺǹ
ʱҲЩˣ·Եһݵȡ°óͷгԣȾԼȥԲݡ
ţԶһƬɭﴫһĽ֮вһ㶡
ţԽԽܼˣһ￪֮С
Ӣܶʱһ֣˹ȥȾĺš
һֱߣӢѾγĬһƣţԼ˽ȥ
صﴩʮңǽ֮Ӽˣһӵĵ֮߳
Ӣܲһ֮ǰȥȴ֮һƬʮƽĿյأʱŶ̷ڶһ޳ɫ׾ĿʣŵȴĴͳɫۣһƤڣ׳ʵϴȴһɫĶ䣬ʽִTлƵˡ
Ӣܿһȴ˵Ľʶϸȥڡ嶾šѧƼֻʩչȴԼͬ¾ȥԼѧӡ֤ĥ
һһ̾ǡ嶾šأƼɵɽѧ֮һᲢãʵӦи񡢴̡ϴնĨ䡢ʮַһʮ·ԼѧĲ·ҲᣬʩչˮۼǰӳһС總Ƽǡ嶾šصǴв£ȴǹԷʺֻڵ÷ˣӢܱĬĬļס


 234 ѡ֮Ѷ
Ȼ֪Ա͵գʱԽԽ֮ڶãƺҪֳʤɡ
˷֮Уֶ˰У˻ǲʤȴԵѾĵòˡ
ʱֻǴ۵ӴһǺӱƳһȵǺ˳ִҦʦܣס֡
ҦʦܴʱѾˣס֣ð½ʦֻ֣ҪŲμӰ֮ѡҾס֡
˵ֹһѾûиղˡ
Ǳ½ʦֵֻôҴһһҦʦܣ﹫ңĵһŮݣǲῴģֺαȥȡǽΪְɣҪΪҲϵĹ٣ʱٲĺô
ҦʦһҧĻӳ½ʦ֣û߳ܰĿ﹫ͺҪѡƵģ˵ƫϲСϲˣðֻҪ˳ҵʲôôһһݡ
½ʦɫһ䣬ҦʦܣҪΪֳַʤˡ
Ҧʦܵǵ֮оҵ书ߣָÿһֻǲһ˲μӣҽ˭Ҫˣͱķڷ
½ʦ֡ߡһáҽվҪķڷ
䡣еĽһ䣬סĶţʵң
ҦʦɫҲˡһƼ벻ˡ
ʱ½ʦֲ˵ǰݣһΪһΪ㣬ۣѾʩչƼһʽƼȫ仯
ӢҲѧƼʱɵǰ嶾ŵұòȻὫŵľѧڡǡ嶾š¼ȱȫʽ仯Ǵģ⡰ƼؼǸ򲻿ϴڣۼ½ʦֽ£仯޶ˣղŻƽֵҦʦѾǽڽںˣ֧穡ۼҪˣһʱƵĳ̲סʧеð
ôһУ½ʦҦʦܽһȫס֣Ӣ˭һɵ۹⡣ ӢܼˣҲΪ⣬ҲύһЩңĺú˳սѧǣ˫һһᣬһᣬֵӢܣ·λڴ˱ȶһ֮£壬ʧڽ˳֮¡
½ҦӢܣȴȻŻɫװı뺷࣬˫һںŨŨףֺˬʵ֮ʿһʱҲ֪ͷȻҵ½ʦ˼֣ӡ󣬾ֵԭ֣½Ƿ˵ҦʦһָҵĶʦҦԪңһɵĸߵܣ
Ӣҡҡͷֵɣֻϲ书
½ͥ뵽Լʦػôȥֻ»ϳΪЦһŶԭֲ˵µֽһˡ
˵žͽ粿һᣬȻһģƮȴƼʽƼ𾴶ֵ˼֪ӢܵҲΪԼĺ·
ӢܴӼ˱ȶʼľƼ½ͥһǡ嶾šǼ¼У²˼ؾͳĳľȥҲƼеһʽҶѰ˱Ƚּۡ
½ͥһбŵĽɫ΢䣬ִǱ׾ҪЦȴԷĳ֮зˡˡ죬Ƽ죬ڼҸֲľ磬ɵôһٽһֻáһұһ飬һеĳֶͷһ֦ϣڲסĲš
һӣ½ͥҦԪҶĿɿڴ˾ȻԼʦҲ޷ﵽһ־ͽԼĳɵľء
ҦԪȻղ½ͥңУͬһֵĸС
˵⻰һĵݳˡꡱ֮书ߣԳҲˡ
ӢܼһúȻϽһˣȴӲ
½ͥ˵һַȣжʱһҦʦܣ㲻ҪĽӽӴ
ҦԪҴʱҲӢЩԾӦһһչȻ˸ȻӢܵĽӴҲԶ
ӢֻˣʽѧͦࡣȴϡƽһӡҦԪҵļ֮£ʱæңʩչƼȫûǵ½ͥҦԪЦ
ӢȻѧ书ĶԵоȴǳˡټ¼򶨣֪ԼýѾʤȻҦԪһ
ҦԪҼǳһ׺ԼЮ죬һϽʱӢܺȻһĳȴ̩ɽɵľѧʮơ⡰ʮơʱס̩ɽ֮еһλ˽̩ɽ߷塰ʶƻ۰ԵμʵҾƷ֮µĽ˵Ȼ֮ʮ˵ƼУڿɳܵθ֮£һҳĪ֮£Ӣƣһڷ粨ֻͤд°־ʣѣѡɸӲ󣬽ߵĻص̩ɽһЩ¶̩ɽɣֱŽĵ۽˵أ̩ɽ书Ҳȫң֮һǡ嶾šжסʮơ¼ñʽһЩƷ֮УӢҲ棬һ־óˣȴһСغ족ƷХѾҦԪס
ҦԪҼҲһϽƣƷ磬žһȥƵ޷С
ӢƷü죬žǡѩɡ·֦ĳõļҦԪҵ¿㲻ס趯
һӣҦԪҵĽȫݲӢܵߣʧȥãƷ֮£ֻܽڽںˣʮ֮ۿžҪˡ
½ͥŲԣһҦʦܣ㡣
˵žԾ±֦ϵĽͼսţʦһһҵӢܼл
Ӣ˫Ʒ裬ǡʮơͣʩչ˳˫֮УƷҲǲȫ޷ش½ͥҦԪң֮Ҳһ֮ĺ֣Ȼóֻʵ̫ǿԼһʱ޷ȥҲ޿κΡ
һ˾ʹ˸ѽѷ֣½ͥԷƺԴԴϵӿʽԽԽԲ죬֪ٴȥԼ˾ͷ䲻ɣʱûˣͷһȴҦԪҲԼҲ˼һͷᣬһԾס˽
ӢҪѵõʵսӡ֤ԼѧԽԽ񫣬ԽԽĵãȴŶֺס˽ȻҲپȥҲͣס֡
ʱ½ͥϸĴһ󣬲ŵֵղõĺ̩ɽɵģʮơĪ̩ɽЩϵʦĺѣҲù̵ָġ
ӢҡͷҲ̩ɽɵˡ
½ҦһĲ죬ԷղŻó˱ŵĽȻ˵ķ٣ʵǸĪ׷ʣֻõ֮ͨѵãѵð
Ӣܱнʶ֮ģƺԼȥҲӸղ֮ʱó˴˻ģ̲ס½֣Ҧֵ֣һ仰²죬֪λɷýȥ
½ָ̡ͥ
ӢܵλͬţǴС󣬲λղ֮ȴΪһŮʵЩֵ
ӢܵĻ½Ҧ˵΢΢ĺ½ͥǳ̾һ֣֪Ե﹫ûУ
ӢȻҡͷûм
½ֵͥҺʦȻûм﹫Ӧ츮ʺΣȻԴЩǾòһ֮¾ˣ﹫Ů˵ʺңĵһŮ֮ҪʮˣλϸףҲ˿һң꿡ܣǲҲлϿΪͥЧѧ֮˵Ĺ٣ϧÿһֻѡһ˰ȥӦ츮μ֮ѡ֣ȥʣҦʦܺʡ
һ˵ţһ΢Ц̬֮Ȼһӡ
ҦԪǰΣûʲôźĻ½ֲ̬ͥˣʥּ˵﹫ѡȵ书ǣûᵽò󻹱﹫Լųɣѵܱ֤﹫ѡѡô


 235 Ů1
ʱֻ½ͥҦʦܣ㿴ʺ֮˵ҪңлŮҲҪȥȢ⻰˵İգ˵﹫Ȼʺﻹǻϲϲ̫Ͳˡ
Ӣ֪ʺǹȥĶ壬һ֮ң£Ҳᵽ˵λǸ׵һڷһλŮҲȥǵ˵ԼӺԶᣬ治֪жٶŮ˶ٵٵĹ
뵽Ӣһ󱯷ߣǳޱ䣬ԼҲֵܽãĳܲԷŵ
ʱҲ½Ҧ˵£ֿʼ͹˹֣Ƕȥһҵĳ֮ʵ֪ʦֵҪʲôʱ
Ϻȣ˴֮󣬾ͽ˺ݾڣʱȻ˴磬ɫҲģȻңǲࡣ
ȵ˺ݳǣѾٽʱѾͣˣ¶ȴ轵˷׷׶ѡ
ңĽͨࡣеĹģҲȻĳҪһЩֵݺᣬ¥ֻǾһ֮󣬻Щ磬ϵһЩȻԵúǷ
ӢѾγһϰߣÿһУҪһϤΣ
ȵ˶ǣȴź֮ɴǲ죬ǰУչһ䣬ԶԶƵһƺܻشլ¶Ŵյأݺܵס纮˿̾ʮˣ֪ʲô
ӢܼЩŮٽСͷ棬õΧżūģڿధ棬Ҫ֮ܺǼūȴߺŶЩ˲סȭӣҪ˳ȥ
ӢֻܵߡҪǰȴŵһ˼۶ͷȥһŮеһϮͳĽۡʮ£ɫףŨüۣ΢룬ͦñֱ֮͸һȻ
ŮУһ첼ĿüĿ㣬ȴ͸һƳԹ֮ɫԵΪĮԼʮϡһŮȴǸʮ߰Ůü̶ϵ׺һöССӣң䴩һɫ廨ۣȴڲסӯȵ塣
Ƭ̱Ӣ֮ǰŮҲƵƶ񰧺֮״һ˵ʦʦȱæ·һҡ
˵űԾլǰȥ
Ӣܼ½ųǽˣ㻺
ŮǰЩūȭźݺݵƶкеѾڵŮȥ˵ļūһҾλˡ
ǼūֳһλŮͳͳס֡һ˵֪λкָ̣
ŮȻ˺磬ӵýţ㷢ȱ֮ģЩΪ֮ܺһ¹ʥּңĸ˼ңþܾѵǸΥʥּô
ūĻȫЦ˵ǳôˣֻ˵֮ģ֮ģûŹʲôȱ֮ģ㣬ǰҳ˵סլԻϽңʱ;ʳҲصּң񲻵þŵ˵լڣ˵ʥּǵûõأСдȱ֮ģ죬į֮ࡣ
Ůƺǳ£֪Էڳռıˣ˵ǸλܽسұҲûʲôϵģϧҪ޷顣
˵ŮŮӲȻŭüūţоҽǲҪˡ
ҪνԾԱȴһʦã³ç
ŮӵѵЩūųԲѷ
ӵϵ⸮ˣǹȥʷĶӣҲǽ׳ݵͽܣºţ컢
ŮӺȻЦ̩ɽ˷ǾһŵӣȥֻЦˡ
꺺ӷǵʦãദʮ꣬ҵΪˣ֮£ϵ̩ɽɵܶУ֦СʦԼ
ŮһϸĻ̾ã˵㡣
ɿס֣ŮڶǼūҡͷ⺢ĳֻ̫²ѧϡ
΢Цѧ򼫸ߣֻа̩ɽ󣬴δ㳾ȻЩĥʱգ̩ɽż
ŮӵԸˡ
Ÿ򣬲Ҫ£ʦʦͷ
ūŮѿ֮죬໽ӢȥӺŮЩÿӭһ˫۾вʶģŮǲãˣһ˵СǺģʲѴ׼˵⣬˵ǣţĪɣпɷİҲ˵ǷУûӵ¡
ŮʲôţĪɡд˳˵ȥ
ūЦҼǽġ컢ǽŵߵӣ׳ˣСҴڻ㣬˰ա
ţһ˪ףѣ͵СŮߵŮǰ͵عµùùǻ˵ǲɷؼϸʵǴӺͺİգֻ˼ҿ⺮ҹůʱߣҶ
Ů߿޵ݺᣬһᣬҲ˳ѩ׵ӹ䡣ߣ룬ߵŮǰʦ˵̩ɽɣҪʱʱžΣ֮УЩ˺ÿΣѰգһҪ뷨Ӱǡ
ŮӢδ֮ͽΪŮһ㣬аЦѽҪŮͣȴʦû
˵ŴӻͳһݸȥЩӹѰطúóһˣǣȥұǵĹٸ£ٸҪǲܣ֪ˣȻҪ⸮ˡ컢书ǻҪ£Ϊ
Ůӹӣ뵽ЩϵϣСС⻹ҪðźߣɴΪʧ䣬һᣬᣬ֮ǰУֻܰЩˣԲס


 236 Ů2
߲ŰǶظŮͷл
ֻ֮ʮ˹һأлֹ
ӢƵʱҲͲסԾ£ߵŮһĵз˲ߣóԺúȵĹţŲš
Ůתȴһĸߴ뺷һףԼĪʮĺӣ˵Ļҡͷţûôġ
ӢܵȻûģСʱһϺѧܻΪƣһҵεûвϵġ
ŮȻ뺷Ŵͨİգôı죬ҡͷҿĳǲãɲ
Ӣ˵ֽۣǺãǴġ
Ůʲô
ӢܵҪǲܵ䣬˵ӦԷ¶
ŮȤð
СָӢָܵ๴ָҪഥŮȴһͣæˣǽ£ôС
˵΢΢һ죬ԭ뵽ľǡһҪԼѣѵҲҪӦ
ʵӢֻǱţĪɡһ伤ŭʰһǵһԼѧû˼Ӯ֮ҪΣЦȻһΪѡ
ŮоǸˣ²ٳɣָ๴һƤɱ
˹գӢܹЦɱƤұɱˡôĹ˱ǻ֮ˡ
Ůæʲôɱˣô
ֵˣһ֪
ӢһҾвգӢܱˡ
ŮһЦҲѧؿǵвաˡ
˻ͨݸ
ǷԶ־֪ͻȻһ׵Ĵ̼ͶûȣͨģߵǺ֣һŮҡӼഥͨա
Ҫк򼴿뿪ƳӢܰ׿ڷѩ֮УһƥƤëޱȣ̬ͨƥвͬжؾһĻ븹ʦãСӺЩŹ֣Ҿһơ
ʱӢܴҡڵߵǰԼūȵιѡè˵иɮҪɻ
ūǼһԵõģһʱŪԷͷһ˵ʲôʲôèҼ˽С컢
ӢܴЦԣȻС컢һСèġ
ū⻰ŭԭСҲӵģϻͷϰëˡ
׷׳ȭϮ
Ӣʩչɺ׾ű䡱ƣ磬Щūϸһѣūղס㣬ȫײһţ촽°ͣ˹Ųʣʹߺ
Щ˵һţ̬䣬Ц˵ιɮȻ˺󲻻ᶯ䡣
Ӣܵﲻ֪һ仰ûУԶԶƶ񡯣ǰǰϸǶȻǵġ
˵ץһʲģ׶ļū˫һһᣬֻɱҺֱȻ˾ʡ
ӢתūȥСè˱ǵ³
ūǸڴ˵أȥˡ
Ӣվ⣬붡˼лһӵ̤ѩ֪ˣ¶Ծѩ
ûһڹȻӿʮˣǳֵ£ĳСӣϹĹۣǵүͷ
Ϊһһѩش񱳽𵶣Żɫۣʮ£˳࣬ԲһŴ⽻ӣηӢĵǣ컢ˡ
һūԼһָ˱˴󲽿
ӢܸǰϸһҸµСô֪ҵǴĵʷּ˾ŵģ
Ӣܲ𻰣ֻǵΪʵġèô
д󣬺ηѣһ㶣бԶǶȶǿᡣȴçײֻ֮Щһ·ѰԼģסǽŵӵʦ׳ݣг˼Ϊ쵶СֵʦкɣΪνƫƫ뵥ĳȥ˵˺Ѽغ
ӢܹЦ¼ʦ޺ɣֻԴһţèš·˵أЩ۸ˣʲôţĪɡĻһʱô˳һͷ¿ճ䷿䣬ϼ׷ЩСЪһЪ㡣
ǡèǡèšĺߡǳԼ⡰컢شºŶʬը̣Ҳܲ࣬ЦãҪ󷹵ҲסֻҪʤеؽֻ²ס
ӢҡͷҪʤеСôףס
һһӢͷ£˶ʮؿ๦𡣼ȺҼίʵС
Ӣ֪ܲⵥ书½ͥҦԪΣĴ򶷾ȴѾ᳤һһã׼ǵƣڵһġ
ֻھ𣬽𵶼ֶȥȻ졣ĵȻ߲ƣСӡ
ⲻڿһһ֮һ׽ŵġ˷굶˰Ӣϯȥݺᣬ֮أһƬ
ǵģܴ磬˵ĵҪʱʱСġ
ӢһûнĽɣ֪书ȻʮУ⵶ݣƾˣȻǳ֮죬Ǳ仯֮Բ½ͥ룺ŵ书ʽȴ
б˵סŶУģֻСè˲ˡ
˵һ䣬ԹΪأһһƵĳģϸЪ
ס˷굶༱׺ݼʩ֮ڵУͬ˷Ϯһ㣬˭֪һ룬Է½Ҳûһ£ƷƷǣԼĵ⡰˷ꡱۿҪɡͷϸꡱеȻεԾ࣬һٵֱӢż¡
С塱ǽ׳ݴľѧ׹֮ƷӣɷǰԵδʧ֡⡰컢Ĵºűɴ˶
ӢܴæмһƲвٺţȥӲӣһԾܹһ޹𣬸һ
ӢٴκݣϹ£һЦðҪ˭øô
ɺ׾ű䡱еһơ賤աǷƬ̱Ϲ˵ʹһãߣһȵȥա
ڿ޷ܣһһȣӱǶذڵ棬ֻš̡һȴ׹̫֮󣬾С۶ˣ˫ϥһڵأʹ亹ֱ䣬
ӢƮһڵϣֻԼʩչ嶾šعԽԽ죬ԽԽӦ֣Ǹˡ
ֻһԶһһ߻Դ磬ԭôİѣ컢ɣèˡ
ŵϸӢ֮˸ǻסĴЦҲǡèһֻޡ
Ӣ΢һЦߵǰͷһã϶ʱ˸
ЦŶԶٰѣޣɣ˫ţһãҲ۵˳䲻ж֣Ŀȴһ˿֮ɫϱӢƵ֪ûз򶡺ֵһʲô
ͷֻôͲˣϿûֻǵĶﰡ
ӢЦҿɲܰɶˣ˵ɺǰһλһ档
˵ڵͷһãһɱҽ֮ͷ٤Ĳһ㡣
Ӣƺʲӷ𣬰ӷҷԴȱΪ֪ΪεʩǷҪСɮɻɻ
Ȼ࣬侲Ͼֻжʮ꣬ⶡǹɿɰҲָЩԼıӦеԡ
Ӳ֮ⷬӢεǱ֪Լĵ֣Ͻϲߣҡͷɻɻˣ书СǧС󷹣дЩЩ˼ҺСֵܡ
˵űԸūȥ׼
ӢбĿ˸ĵһߣ˵Ҫ䱾ȺЩ񡣡


 237 оޱ䣨1
Ӣ˼磬ûʱöһ⡣ߵǰҲǽˣϱر˵ҩ裬һö
ͷӻȡһСƿһöɫСʦ˵ġ÷ɢҪô
ӢЦͻȻȭлĸҩ
һ㶣ҪѯȴԼüŪۣѻ˻ȥӢת򷽰ңңһҾл˼ˡ
ǰһ󣬴ſ죬㽫ҩ赯˽ȥ
ֻһޱȣʲ˵ʲô֮ϱزǺ£ʴǺ
ӢһЦý֪嶾ŵǰĪʦ壬ƵģʴǶϳɢ˭ҪǷˣûнҩ᳦ãһЩú֮ԻҩǷһ˿ô
ߺߣɾ˵ˡ㾡һԡ
ûͷ嶾Īв֪תͷȥƷǣֻԨͣһ㣬ʵһʦķ緶ʱ߰˷֣뵽ⶾҩԡʴǶϳɢ֮¼Ķֻǽп಻ңңСһĸֻǴǧǵҪС˽ҩ
Ӣܼ̿־֮ɫҡͷ˵ǡèûִһ㵨ҲûС
巢֮ĸСԼһϧý
ӢҡҡͷҪƣȻ᳤꣬Ǽʡһɸ
Ҷ˵ֻǲסͷ
Ӣܲһɼū븮ƣʣµȡ¹ǰүǮţҸط
ܹ纮֮뿪⸮УղҸԵĶҩǼٵģǷ˵ˡ
ֻǿŵͷҪлӢһѷסѵ֮£ӶöֹæԼĺɫװϣı뺷ǽװߵϾͳ˿ɵˡ
һ½լУӢ򶡺ҲҪˡǺڡ
ã̩ɽмܳ谮ͬʦֵϳɳأȤ֮Ӣܣϲķβٳ־书ǿ嵨֮⣬ԸǣɴΪʧᣬԼһŮ뽭Ƽˮ꣬÷ü΢㡭ҪҴˣ㻹û˵Ҫʲô¶
˵⻰ּӢܳ͹ϻ϶ʱһ죬æͷȥ
ӢܶкøУҡͷˣǶˣء
򼱵ôɣ˵˭ƤǴҿɲ뵱û㵱Ƿģ´μ˵
ֵ̩ɽʦù۵ĵӣסˣпһ̩ɽ
Ӣš̩ɽɡ֣ѧġʮơҲ֪νġ̩ɽʲôط̩ɽʲô𣬼۹о֮⣬ɨˣЦŵͷҪǰۡ
ʱ̩ɽɵŷȴһ󣬺Ȼ嶾ŵĪſʦղõƷӶ̩ɽɵءʮơûв´ӦĪֵʦܡ
ӢܲȻԼõ嶾ŵĹĪԡĪ֡ƣ˱н飬Ҳ¶ڣ͵ͷǰ֪
¶ϲ֮ɫ͵ֽץס˫磬̾Ī֣Ī֣ҵͽܣҲ֪Ϣˡ
Ůӹ붡֪̩ɽǰɫ䡱ľأէ˼ǲ졣
˺һ󣬷ǲɿ֣ˣȴỨʮǰں˽֣жڣĪ־ңһʣǳңͬ࣬ҽ̩ɽɵģʮƣһָƽÿ඼һ棬ϼϾľɣ˭֪Ѷȫޣǵޱȣ벻ջͽܣңʦûʲô°ɣ
Ӣֻ˳Ļǰʦûʲô£ֻǱɵһܵĵطȥˣһʱܳ
һȻĵ˵ͷӢǰɣҺʦĽ飬ӦýһŶԣк
Ӣ΢΢˼书ѧɲãĴһ£ǿԼ֡
ǵͷܶǲ嶾öֶȻýѧʵ̫ӣ޷һ֮
ӢܵСֶҲףʦҵľֻЩ
ǵҲԵɣŹޣʦģʮƣȫѾִ̩ɽȻȻΥŹ棬ԽòԵĵطָȻ£ȸһ̩ɽָָĲ֮
ʦӢ̩ͬɽҲһԼȰ˵
ʵӢܿЩ񣬶θһƬԥ֪ԼǹãҪľ书ⷽһǸѧָ֣ܹһ£ǳ˼ãͷðգСֶӷİš
ӢڴӦ̩ͬɽϲЦտǰǹȴ֪ʲô
˷Ӣڳһѣγ˳ţȴȥԶصķȥ˼ݡݣݣݣ˴ʱӢܸǰԾ̾˿ңӦýӽLһ룬˿ڵ̶ܼȴԶԶѾսǧٿףҵLһ硣
ݳʮңһξѩ«ĴѺǰ
ӢܵԱߣԴ磬ӣ˵ȥԶǸӶ˺óʱ䣬ǻϺƵȥʤһ̡
˵֮䣬ȴǰĺӰ֮ߣͣһҴ󴬣ɣԼɣΦŭʣڽв¥ɣΧ
ͷһʮ꣬ɫۣðװֵڳߵ·ǵˣԶԶ㺰ʦ֣ʦã
Ӣ˿δѹ˵
ϵôϸϸӢһʦ֣⺺ʲôˣ
ǲԸ˵ֻҵһλ֮ӡ
żʦֺͶʦûУ
˶Цһ¥ϴ
ǵͷ¥ȥ


 238 оޱ䣨2
Ӣ󣬶ҵʦ־ϳΪ鱮ơ
־¥һ䷿ݣȴǸĴг̴骵ʣƿ¯һ϶Ʈ΢̣Ϯˡ˿һӺһ̴ǰƷ̸
ŷǵȽվһҾʦܣ꣬˻Ʈɡ
ȴɫĮֻǾǼæȭӻ񣬵ʦ֣꣬˰ѵû̩ɽ𡣡
Ҿֵʦ֣þò
ӱǿߡһֻǶŲ豭ҲΪƣƮһ˿Ц⣬ȥ־˵
Ӣ붡ں棬żӣԼʮ꣬΢ףŨüǣ촽棬˻ΪͨͨũĻѧᲢۡ
һȴ뷽ͷ·忡ʲȺֻķ糾ɣ֮ɫ
̩ɽɵ˺Բסһ𣿡
ҲʹʦΪʲô̩ɽֻʦסšʦǲֻһβ֪ĺ˾Ʋᵽ˵ʦ֮λ˶ʦʦһ֮¡뿪̩ɽʦԭǸǧ꣬ūƣȻڱɡֻʦһֱס̩ɽɵģ֪Ϊʲôºʦ󻹶֣ˣٺ
Ӣܵʲôͬ
ҡͷҲܺȥ׷ʦʦҺݺѵһ١ִһͨµӲǺöӴҾѧ˹ԣտڲˡ
ӢϸֵҴʦУʮȭ޹˵Ĭľګಫ첻һָȭŹ˵ãֻʮȭֻܽСҶʦĽС˳ÿڽĴ塣
ӢܵǷʦأ
ʦڽϵͷ죬ġ书߾˵ҲһһĺáʦĴºȴСɲ
ӢĵʦСɲȻ˵ĳӲˡ
⻰޷ڡʦʦдºţأֺ
һ죬λҵһ뿪̩ɽô˴ºš
Ӣܵ˳ĵҴһºţСŮΣ
һЦ˳ÿĵҲһºţСĽͯΣ
Ӣչӣ֪Լף磬һ־մϱߣ֪˵ЦҲЦðͯŮǡ
Ȼ˼˻ﲡǡһԶֹڴ֮⡣
в֪˵ʲôɵ糺죬ͷ´ӢܼΣȻҶٻһʱ˼㱣Ƶóˡ
˭֪ʱǻͷкӢ붡Ƴ˾һȴ¶ɫ˵򣬽ܶݹλ
˼æȥ񣬶ǰСʱˣɴ֮УһҾʦ㻹ǲǵҡ
Ҳϳü亱еĸһĨЦ⣬˵ͷ
޹һӢܵʦܣյͽô
Լʦܡ˻Ϊʦλһ¹ڻ
΢Цǣҽϵһλ֮ӣȥ̩ɽСס
޹šһĬ
ûã־㰲˾ˮϯ̸ֻ־ЦķƣӢܲչɫ̬齫Ҫа衣
԰շ־˽Ӣܴ¥һңһ󣬶˽Դ磬ʲŽ㣬ЩЪϢҪ
ӢܵΪΣ
ҡͷҲ֪ʦʦɽΪӵʦһţʦ˵¹̩ɽһĴ֮ͷ˯ȥ
⻰ͣҴҵ߳䡣
ӢǺ棬һ̲ס˳ȥʱɫиȼƻ𣬺˺磬絶ʱʱգΦϵİ׷Ȼŭġڿغн
ϱ⵽ͷսǴӰһλүзԸҹһɲ߶ȥ
Լĵƹ£ֻ˸߱죬༫ǳª
Ӣܵʲôˣ
˵С˻ߣүؼūڴ˴үЩΪѡ
ӢԴǫȴЮ֮һʱΪŭҪ˼͵֮δ̫ǿ̣תߣǺһֱǰͣסš
ϷţӢ̩ܰɽɵҪ²̩ɽ飬ǹŹˡã㲻֪ƫƫҪ̽ס
ö⣬ֵ˺һ󣬹ǺԶš
ȻѿһˡβߴͷֱβȥϽ֮ʣƳӰ㿣ȴ˰أһʱ޼ƣбһδδϸ˼Ŷ
кĺ޵ƹ⣬ӢȡǰЩڹЯŻʯǻ𽻱УǸ֣úľΪ㣬˸ʽˮߡ֮ࡣ
ʧҪ뿪ŽŲԶæԾһ㣬һС
ȴ˽һ˵棬Ŵţ
һ˵ʲȡţûкϽ
ǰ˱㲻˵һϤϤ춯żиž
Ӣ֪ѽϣп࣬վĴѰٳ·Ľײһѻһֱй룬ͷϻȻֳһ߼Ŀ׶һʱϲ˽ȥϲ׿һˡ۶׶ԼʮߣƹǴһ䷿͸ԭ⾹Ǵڵһͨ׵
ǰУͨ׵Եӣⷿݵؾ¾۵ףȴʱĴŷǼʦãվʦԣΨȱ
ֻŹ鼤ҲţʦΪһ߰
־ֵǰҲţʵˣɵ˲š
Ա߷һʦܣ˵ʦܱ̩ɽͶ£¹شʲôȷе֤ݡ
־һ̾ʦƽ䲻֦ͬл֮СһţʦдѪӵģ֮λǴһɣ̩ɽɾ鸽̡
˵Ŵӻȡһݸǡ
ǽӹţϸۣֻɫѿȻʦֵıʼɣʵֺαУҪ̩ɽţλǡ
ֽŴ޹޹ϣֻһ䣺ɺޣɱ
㼴˵
ҲȥˣȴһȻʧɫԱƼ飬֪޼٣ʦʦǶҪԸ뵽Լʱ˵ĺǻ֮飬һġ
ǵʦܣд˶ˣõأ
־ʦ֣֪볯ͥϵģǳͥŪתңҪ֪ͨŻء
ǵʦܷĸ´󹦣Ϊ治֪м
־ʦʲôСʦ̩ɽ֮ˣ£Թۣο±ǳͥɳӦΪʲô͡
ǲ˵޹Ҿʦ֣ʦţ˵Ϊ𣬴δȫʦֶᡣ
޹¹̩ɽŻΪţӦ⡣ֻǴ˱ʦɣϡ
ǵͷǣΣŵʦܣ
־Ұ¥ЪϢ߶мūţֻҪһж֪ᡣ
ǵãһȥˣ˵д飬ֻҪһͻȻסѨ²ִ֮˱ѵֵʱʹҪķڷ
޹ô졣ʦܣȥͽ
־ǣȥ
תߵ¥¡
ӢſͨУо̩ɽ֮أȻǺ֮ǣһ·֮ѾɷѪһֱңܻЩһֱڷչңİգֶμײУͶ̣Ҳǰ๼˵ĽŲ־˽
ǲȥƷǣֻ޹֪ʦк棿
޹ʦܣǰ˵
֪թ粽ȥ
־·ǵߣƺȴʹȥɫҪ֡
΢΢һЦ붯ǱŰĳָϮ־
־ϲд˾٣ȻдҪáȡͥѨ类У̱ڵء̩ɽɡ֡һǷ·תҸ˴⣬ȻǾ죬޹ʧɫʦܣΪΣ


 239 оޱ䣨3
޹֮Ҳش𣬴ӹùǷߵ־ǰʦܣΪҪʦš
־Ѩƣȴԣʦ֣ˣʦŵҡ
ҡҡͷѪӵܣ׽һҪ͵
־һ޹ĴµѪӲɣνһ裬ȻҲеģһɳӦɲǳصģʦдûա
ʱѽ꣬мȾŭ뵽һʦٵĴﾹȻԼͷϣ־֮ԣŭ߳㣬ȥɿϵεģ޳Сˣƨʲôʱд
ҲһԵȷʵʦ顣
־ɣŷնǿ϶ԣʦֵıʼϤޱȣдȻдơ
쳤̾һ裬һ裬ʦܣġʦܵıʼʵѿԼˣֻϧǧ㣬ȴ֪һ¡
˵˴ʦܣôһۡ
ǿһߣ֪̬أұۣſֳָʳָһۡʳָ£ȻָҲѪ
򡰰һʦָôˣ
𣬷ȴ˵ҵҺʦദͬϺΪһᡣʦһʱƫԼõָġٻص̩ɽҼ档ʦܣʦЩסȻ֪ʳָǺɽƣʧȥ˹ܣдǰһģһ
˻һг˹Լ֪һЩ֮˽Դǲ죬ʵʲô˷ɳ𡣶۵ʦ֪֪ʲô£
ۺݺæͷһ¡׷ʡ
־ãŲʦ飬ҲǹٸһʱͿ̵ش󵱣˵ұͽ
ǵʦܣ㻹ҪƱ磬Ǻʦ֮ˣ˭ܷ³ּ϶ҲǹٸģҪʦܣǺ⣿
ʱ޹󲽶һѴӵϾ־޳ܵļҵЩĹƣ˵˭ָʹġ
־󡭡ʦ֣Ĳҵ°
޹Ȼŭ񻹲ϴкá
˵ϣһȭؿڣɳ֮⣬ڵ˼£ʹ˲
ǵȽ֪̩ɽе֮ǿƴʦΪףǷʴ׳˶شţҲһȭУ־ȫƣ޷֮޹㺬ŭֻ֣½þˡ˼Լʮཻ֮飬п
־ʬ׵ʦڴ֮ңʶ޹֮վü޻֮ߥͬУ¶Ļʹֻ¡ֻ±ǡ
˴ֻ±Ѫӣʦ˵öԲԡ
˵ȴǶ
˻һһĬ˼ѪӵʹıԴ˵ľ书̵ǰ֮ʢƣͼԸ̩ɽһɣǱҵȻΣڵϦ٣Ӵңޡ̩ɽɡһˡ
ǽ˫ü޹ʦ֣̩ɽͷط̩ɽߡ
ʦҲһաҵ˽˶Թһߣ̩ɽɶҵдĸȣʦܲڵĻҵħưա
ĬѾӦʡ
ֻ޹ðʦȻ̩ɽͬˣʦܣȥͽʬںСʦܣҳȥ־Ⱥūˡ
Եͷǡ
ߵ־ʬ֮ԣҪ߳źٺЦ־ʬȻתһͷ⣬˶˵Ĵˡ
Ҫ׳ﻹüؿѨһ飬ȫ
ǱҸϣ˴󾪡۵һνԾԭû
뵽ʦȭлڡ
ۼ޹Լæݡ޹ȴӰΣԾһץסţ˾һۣֱֱˤڵϡ
޹ۼ㣬Ҳá֡ǰѨס
߹Ѻ־һʩչȴ̩ɽʮ·֪¼ؽིƫ죬䣬ס۲ңʵٽе辶˵ԹƷǱƣ񼤵֮£͸⣬ʱ׻ʹ̩ɽѹɷǾˡ־һ񹥣ǽǡ
־·ˣʦãЩ֣ͣҶ޶⡣
ҧûܵʦ治˵Ҫкʦ֣Һ޲ýʬΣͷ֮ޡ
һʽ汩ĨֻѩӰң죬ѽ־ס
־ʦãƣΪˡ
һǿͣ۵ķޡȫƮ
ӢƵУеǡʮơеġ
ϸ˼һƵַƣ־Լв֮ͬӡ
־ƣƷվ˼ɣвɵû١ͬţ죬һԽһƼǸоãʱ裬˸൱
ӢĬĬӡ֤Լѧסʮơֻ־һС׺ȥšһܣ־һƱ仯ȴδȻΪצΣҼץȥ
۲ۿҪˣҿæؽҼһᣬָ־ֻóץ
ӢĵѧƷ۵仯֮ɣȴԶԶ硣
һˣٶ룬Ĺġභ۵Ľĥ־Ĺʽ˼ദԼӦǻǳ
ƹ۾սʤн֣ʦ㡣
Ծ𣬽âƮ仨һ㣬ǡеһС佻ʵʵд飬޴ӷ
־书ѷȴսţŮ书ƽʱȻʱǷķһһ۵ĳֵݵǰܵУʮ֧穣ǿֵ
ֻ⾪ӣꡱһ־۾۸һأƮڵء
־´ӣʦ֣ʦ֣ҡ


 240 оޱ䣨4
޹һֱԱĬĬս־ľʦܣƽţô书δ
˵Ҳƣһϣѵ˶ǰһȭػһõ̩ɽȭȭ⡰ȭ仯֮䲻ǡʮơͣȭ롰ʮơɽ䡱̩ɽĴɽѧ޹ȭڡʮ꣬⡰ʮȭͷǴе˼ǶУһǽӲסʮȭġ
ֻһӿؿΪ֮һƣȻ󾪣˼һСԨֱ޹ʺ
޹Ϊ̩ɽɵĴʦ֣ʮ֮˾ţסأһЦ׼ƣһãǰۣȭͷ쿪սһģסֶһԵľУֱûĺʧ֮ʣ޹ѵӰסѨ
ۼ״־ֺޣʦ֣ԭʦһǱΪˣ㡭ôԵסʦ˼ҡ
޹ȭ·ݺᣬ磬˵̩ɽ֮λĴףʦ̫ƫģȻְ֮˶ʦܣֻҪҵĶûʲô
۵ʦƳ˵Ĵȣ޷̩ɽһɷ󣬹ʶΣѵ㵽컹ô
˵Ѷ˶ʮУ޹书߳࣬ٵ־ԱֶʮУ޹һ־סĽȴ̩ɽɵġɽ䡱Ͻ˭֪޹ھĵ֮£һƵĺ۸մҪȴ޹¼˫ֻû֪Ҫδδ˼Ӧ֮УҪһȦԼסһ󼲷ϮǰѨѱ޹á֡ס
ӢܼǡۡںȫסѨڵ϶ãҪԾȣԸԼ书Ҫʤ־лᣬҪ޹ֱްˡǿѹסӡ䡣
־˼Ȳʤȯ⣬޹ֵСףʦּ̩ɽ֮λ
ޣޣ޳֮ͽԷΪ̩ɽţǺòҪ
־˭˵Է⣬ʦ֮λ˵׿ϡ
һǲ˭ǵ᲻֪ѵǿջ۴ʦô
־ջͺ¿ÿֻ֪ʤһְ
۵ң˿ջ޴ʦ˭ôƣǻϡ
־¶羴Ľ֮ɫѪ˼ҡһѪӱʹ˶٣ʲô˼ңεģûйˡ
ҲޣޣǴԲѣԼԼôһ˵
־Сӹªȴԣ֪ǰɷǻƵּۣѪΪТĳɷɴ⡮ɷɴʲô
ֱޣɱȻñɱȻСҲ˵ǹȥûʳԣˣ϶˶ãǽֵأͨ飬ǹ˱ȹȥһٱӣǻҪ췴ĹΣĹΡ
˵šĹΡĸʱȴ־Ҽ
־β֪Լһɫһ䣬Ҫ
ʱȴǺȻʦܣѪһʲôٰ
֪־ʾ޸İؾȨƵش٣ȥͥ٣δ޹֮λΨйְȨƲġ
־Цʦ֣Ǵһ±УҲò㡣ѪӦңɷңҵ̫ء
˵뵽Լ߾ӴãòȺ֮üɫ
һ̾߷֮ʳȪ֮㣬ڷʦܣѪֻӦһ̫أͼ壬ڡ뵽ûУѪӽҪкͬţҪȥͬò˶ãչڷߣ˴ĻҪңɱԼ֮ʵǽƻޱȣʦѪħ֮ϡ
־һЦʦ֣Ҳָҷ㣬μҸȴһ˵ùһְٰײҫܷͥŹ
ˣεģĶΪԼٻȨȻʦţѻϣңİգȻú밢ǵֻء
־ŭ߹ȥһƸϵòûɱ㣬ãݹʱȥֶһߣҲӦ֪ң˼ɷأǽĵɱɷˣǸϵ˱ѧԱֶˣңѪģΪΪܣֻҪ˭б£˭ģƲңҹٶѵҾͲͶ𣬸㣬˻ڵػϣֻЧҡ
ʱ޹ʦ֣ͬһķϣһԡ
޹ΪҪģã˵
ǵĳ޵ܣ̩ɽ£ʦͥСǹͣԹȡʦү֮ʼСٴѪսһз̩ɽɰ֮ʢѪӱ壬ֶּײУʦɹ鸽ĿȥʦүҪ⵽ңʿɱЦ١ʦ֣㶨Ҫ˼а
޹ĬһԵ־ڣЦʦ֣⻰ˣѪ̩ɽڱصá̳֮ܶ⣬ʮֶ桢⼸˻书ѷκɵš룬ҪԸɣֻòһ죬̩ɽ֮ϱҪʬҰ⡣ʦֱˣΪڻҵɹ鸽֮١ѪѴӦ̩ɽΪݷֶ棬ʦΪֶ֮Լ̩ɽţһ̩ɽɷǵܱ£׳ƣаһʦү飬ҲƳΪͬ
ԿȰʦ֡ʮȭͷڽϺպֺαūϥȥ˱Ϣ
־æȥ޹ʦ֣֮Ӧϣϡ
޹Щδãȫǡ
˵ոֶᡣ
־һҾ֮
תѪؿҾȰȹ齵ǿʣȻǸдͣһζִԲֻһ·ҪģԼͷ


 241 оޱ䣨5
־һ˵ţһߵǰʦ֣Ǹˣܲȥѡ·ա
΢΢һЦɷ£ֻĳ׾ܣ̩ɽɳܣǰʦҪ֣Ϊֵ⡣
Ӣ֮ͨڣ̸Цڶ⣬ɵҲĵʦ֮λǹȻ۹⡣
ʱ־ߵߵʦ֣ʦһ򲻺ϣɵһա
޵³һ̲ˮֻϧֻһԶδ־Ӻշ˽ԹȥͷҪɱҪֻܳ˵ƨ
־ٺЦ϶˵ǸÿСû뵽ͷӲýúã㲻Ҫżһȫˡ
ֻ߽ۣʦ֣㲻ҪȰңʱģҪƴά޻ڣֻŹ̫Сʲô书ֵ΢ɱҲûá
䣬ԱߵʦҲĵģҪһ
־ûϵоһ˳ģһЦã̩ɽɹȻЩӢۺúˣͲҪˡ
ڵϡ־˫ĿƲ˼ɱ˭һᣬ벻̩ɽɾһҴС
̧ŷ㣬Уһ㡣֪վ⣬˶Ƶסǿҵİʱܣʲô޹־·𶼲ˣֻʣһǡʦ֡ʦ֣ܺһҡҲ
޹־⻰˵ᣬģԶƽʱΪˣɾ
ȴԷǵ飬̾Ϣʦãô㻹ĸ֮ô
һгǱǴ棬ʵ벻һ˪ѩأɲˣȴ̩ɽɵš־˼磬뵽ͻȻͷ϶ԹĪǱΪ˹ʦá
Ǳ߷ǼҪ¶æʦãҪĻҶˡ˵ˡ
ȻһЦԶҶ⣬ʦ֣ҾҪˣҪ˵Ļ㡣
־ҪɱˣʱŹ֮Ĵֻ
۴˼˼ӿһʰл¯㣬ᣬƫջ˼ü䱡ƲУҹͩꡣࡣһҶҶһս׵ε
΢ʣѽᣬġ
꣬˵ס©ӡдãʦ֣֪֪ΪʲôҪͽȡк֪֪ÿɴ֮ͩʱһĵŮ㣬㣬Ϊγ
ûʦ¶ģʱסᣬĵԭʦȡΪϲʦԵʡᣬԼ㻯Ӱ٣ʦǺÿʦ֪ʦϲôȴʦס
УŮ֮ãȻһҪ׵ˡ
ԱĿȻЩ꣬Ȼ̩ɽ֮ϳϦദǳҲ˵֪УԶֻǸǲǡ
һֻޣֻԼǵñô
̾ϢһʦãȥѾˡҶһ
ûûˣ뵱꾫εأããҲãˣͲᵽ߶֮
־棬ĵ˷ĿȴΪһ߶߶˭Ϻûš
ȤȥȵЩݵʷ˵ա
ֱ΢̧Ҫɱˡ
ε˹󣬱ȻĹ㡣
ʱصʦ㲻ҪȥԴ磬̩ɽɵˣʲôҲ֪ҪǷһһء
ӢڶУһȣĵСҡ
ȴ־Цʦͽʦͽһհ
˵ǰƱҪ¡
Ӣ̬ΣҲ޷ӣ˫һţѴ׵˫ǽ͵һšʸĳ־ȥδ֮ʱһ¡
־ϵͻȻ˸ŵƷæת˫ӭ
ཻŵһ죬ֻһɼӿסǵǵ߰˲׮˫顣ӹͷտһɵĸֵˡ
ȥվǰʮͣĸߴ뺷һף׶Ӣ˲Ȼ淽ǵȶպӡ
Ӣһ־ͷ򷽰ǵҸ㣿
ǼȻ֣ϲ⣬æҡϹءѨϸһơ
ӢӦǣҪȥѨȴ־ȵСӡӵĺ¡
粽ϣ˫࣬ơƷ绥༤ײѰѶԷڵС
Ӣϵǡʮơеء֮ǡһʱ޷ȥǣҲһʩһơ֮ǡšžž죬־Ӣֻһվס˽šһб˽һҪ֪־Ⱥųơ鱮ơǿʢ⺺Ӳʮ£ΪȴҪһǷ˼
־ǾȻǷǵĵӣھ̩ɽСǴѧġ
ӢܴЦƷСʮơҵȻҲʴ۴ˡ
־ŭһɺԣΪѧһڹķ˲ãҽս¡
˵˫ƻӶѰѡʮơľʩչ
Ӣáʮơ־УƷȱȫʮμ׾־Ʒ;ԶԼѧ«ʽһ䣬˫߳ɵءȡܹƻΪצΣʺץɵġץӢʮУɵѧ
־ʽԸѧԽ棬ʵ֪⺺ǺͷʮУȻСѧ书࣬ûѧȫʩչ۾࣬ƽ⣬ֻȴֲʽϵȱݡ
Ӣʽֻǡ嶾šѧԺ׳֪һиãۼ־ءʮơǲÿһнù˼ΣȻÿһεĽǶȾͬԼ׾Ӧ־ҲɵԼҹ̫ûаϣʤѷ֡бƳ޹һĬĬսĸ˵书־߳࣬ضԳݲ־֡
˼룬־ʦ֣ҶԸСӡ
ԭսʤΨִб䣬Ҳ˲Ƥ޹
Ӣһþȫһ־ȥⷽǵѨ־֪ͼԼٺٹЦŻƼģҪܿ޷ǵԡ
ӢúƷת˼ǽ⿪ѨֻҪ޹һ֣ұѵֵ˵ˣԼһҲ
һᣬĬסҪȥһƣ˫ֱ򷽰ǡϹءѨȥžž죬Ӣܷɿ˺üƣŽ⿪ǵѨʱ־ʵʵĻУӲǰڿշɳˤڵϡ
־һȫƾǺĻڱʯҲӦƶ顣Ӣ˹סҪȴð˼Σգص£ŶһУһѪ˳
ڵ˼ӦԴеľ棬һɣ͵Ծһ־Сܣһϣץס˲Զһľһǣ΢ʹ־ľʱ飬˫ӣľмƿ֮ͬʱۡѨ⿪
⼸ɵķλ죬˲⣬̾
ʱתֱ£۴߳ų޹ȥһһʱʤ־뷽ಫƬѽ˶ʮУֻԷ֮ǿʽ֮ԶԼ֮ϣгҧأ֧ţаô겻˵书˹ѵʦʱ׾ȴ˴ˡ
ϵӢܣһܶæȥ˫Ŀգɫ԰ףڵһϴһ̲ѪһʵԴ磬û°գ
ް㷴Ӧǻ䣬ҡӵԴ磬Դ磬ǧҪ


 242 оޱ䣨6
Ӣ˲ᣬתĬ֮ĻڶУһ죬۵ôǲǷҵĶԼ
֮ʣէ˵ɵΪЦ
ڴʱԭյźظײһӰڿռԾ룬ֱ򶡺򱳶Դţִټ޷ӦӢȴƵ˱Ǹ۰ʲūߡ
ۼǺڿұָۣţҪļ
ӢϾϸ˼͵§סһȦ
Ǻ˸գһխγ粽ӢϻӵӢһƿڵһǺ߸ݶһҪӢء
ӢܹԻֻһͷϵһ縺ڷ
ʱѶӢյأԼĳԶһʱ޷ȥʰ߳һָʳָ˸ƣȴ߲ġͻѨ⡰ͻѨ弫Ǵ߲ҵģæؽԻһӢһԾ𣬹˲ϵˣ˫ƣġѾã֪ˣŲƶֻ⣬סʩ񹥡
־භѴռϷ磬ͻȻԾĵǺʹʦһģȥץƳ书ͣҪв˵ֲҲ֪ϻ˶ĸ֡˵Σķսپǡ
ö⡣־̩ɽɡѩƷеһСѩ˪족˫ƣ˸ԲȦֱ˫β¡
һб仯ͻأѸ䲻̩ɽɵĴ֮һҲǼ书ֻ̫ݶԵɵַ̩ɽɼʩչӦ֮Ҳ⡰ѩƷеһСĹȡ˫ƻסΣʦ˽־Ȼ֪ܿ˵ʤֻǴʱҲֻϵһһ̡
˭֪ѹǰԲԾȣ־ǿϲ˵ͿϰǧٴεƷҲˡ
Ҫ˫ƺΣȴһϣ˷ұ۶죬˫ָѵס־ʺ˫ƾҲ޷ǰһ硣һֺˣȿʸ粻ɣ־жʱѣҪɲ̩ɽɵѧǴӺδ
ֱһһָ͸־ʺһʹڵϡŲӰĽеüԽԽС˫ҵһٲȻɥ
Ǳ־ں޹޹˼л֮£ǹؼ汸áǱ߶ͣվһԣֻӢ߶ಫǺ߳켲ʽΪӢ˫糵֣ݺңƷ絽ľľҲ֪ɨ˶١
а־һƣػ档
Ƭ̣֪Ǻߵһȴֻڶ֮䣬ȥջᱻӢܻܡԸʱ䣬˵ܶ˵һߣ˵ĵ
ӢӦһԾࡣ
ϣƾߵĳץȥǺֱ΢գطһ䣬б仯Ѳ⣬޵õ¿Ѫӵĵӡ
Ǻ߼˵ȴͣʱ㹥߰УӦг˵óǼ״ưһֻźߵΪѪĵӣֻǵõָ˼ա
Ӳȴ޲ɷɡ
شݾƽۿУҪסԷ
߼ԣĸԴүѸǳСƻȥͼߡ
˵ŴӻͳһöɫС裬һֻš䡱ľ죬һŻɫڴнӼԾ˴޹͵һȭۣ̾һҲԾ
Ǵ󾪣æˣ̵̶ݣжҿӡ
֮ԣ׷ͣסڳǰͷӰдȺˮɽ֮ӿͷȴ¶ͷ򰶱Ưܱ޹ˡҡͷкպģʮȭˮӣֻš
ʱȴŷǵշģ㣬߶ʲôط
ǺȻһ̾Ѿˣǲء
ɫһ䣬ɿ˫֣˫ͣˣˣôôᲡ
Ļ૵һظ˼飬ʧǵĻߵͷճյϷȻ񺿣ҾϸγڷѩصǱҹһ㡣
ӢŹ۴ʱ죬֪ƺ飬оʵڲԼ£Ҳȥ˼
һ򷽰շģα㺦߶Ӻƴ
ۼǺ޷Ӧæνǰ߳ʦ֣㵨Ҷݹҽ顣
ӢںҹƳһſˮݺᣬĿ뷽вɻһ㣬Ҳǰ֮̾
ȴߵǰʦܣҴСһ𳤴󣬱ֵ죬֮𣬵ʦҶɽ֮λң֮£֮ˣҪ̩ɽɵˣѡʦܣ߶ףãҪֻһĳԹԡ
æʦ㡭
ǽֳһӣʦãҺʦܵ£㲻Ҫ֡
ֹǰһ˫Ŀȴݺݵ
Сʱ׷ӿͷظǱʹƻȻһƾٳ£˰Σڿһ봬ڣֻŵòҽƵƵȴ־Щūꡣԭ־޹͵Ϯ֮£ȻȲʤȯֻһͨĸǰ󣬶֮ˣȫӼѡģ书ڡ
ߵӢǰ֮ܶ¶㣬ã̩ɽж̩ɽ֮Ҿͽʮƣȫ㣬̩ɽҲҵġ
ʱХˮײ֮Ǻĳ˿ңþûôˣ̵ԽԽѾܿʼֻ֣±ڽҹĽڷž춯صıʡ̾ǲиִٽ̩ɽսһ𣬱Ҳ֪֧Ŷá
һԵĹ붡ĿأĬĬԡ


 243 С̩ɽ1
һ磬봬ϰͲ֪ȥ򣬷ǣֻ̾Ȼҡͷʹһ˵ʦ̩ɽɵ˥־ȱҲ˶١
Ҵ򶫼ۣȴݾڣӢ˵֪ȥ̩ɽɵȵԴ֮ʵ̫̩ɽʾӣһֱһ̩ɽµĴɽɣײҵ滹Ѱһ̩ɽµĴɽȻ̩ɽҪС࣬ɽȴǳĽӽ
ݳڣѽ磬ȴɷ֣֣Ƶһ¥Ĵң顰¡ӡ֡ʱһλʮֳ߰꣬һĺӣŴͳĻɫЦݿӭͿˡ
ǺԶԶǣæ첽жʮЦŸʦʦʦãǻˡ
һ·ϣӢܴ˴˵أ죬ӢۣܲʦӣʯӣΪǺ䣬ʦｨ˸ջһӭͣԱɵǴ̽ϵϢʹ
Ӣܵ˼ͽܣ
ǾͶһǧ˰գʦյֻʮˣĵӶʮλʦִʦա
Ӣֵʦأ
һͷʦûô磬ҼǴʦ㣬Сʦá
Ӣܹѹһʦ̫ͽôһͽܡ
ޣŲ̩ɽҲûŮӣֻ书Ǵʦڡθʦ̡ܽ
Ǳֻʯӵ˵ͷ뿪̩ɽЩӣɿʲôʡ
ʯӼչɫʦɫҲЦݣһҾʦʱ䱾ڴʦֵĴһаãʲôر鷢
Ա߳һҺ̻ûж֣Ǹϻ㼰ʱ
һ֣ʾⲻҪ
ʯЦعԶСʦãһγԶţò档
ʲôģƨɶ˲˵ûλԴȡ
ʯԴ棬æӢܼ
ͻȻӶҪʣȥ׼һˣǳ˻Ҫɽ
ʯӦǣæȥԸȥˡ
¥ż䡣ûʯӾͽƲˣøɼ֮Ұζʲô֦㡱Ϻڡ֮ˮʯرкٷȻŪ÷ḻޱȣ£ɵ磬ӢܺͶһ·ϴʳªޡǳθգܵ࣬³磬ȡ
극ǰʯӻһߵӶ⼸տǿнɣҪеİһ״ٻɽ棬мǣмǣ¹رɴǧ򲻿
ʯ˶Ļϵ̬أʦ˼ҷģͽ⣬Σ̩ɽɵ
֪Ǹѣһϳأļ䣬ͷк̡
ӢҪȥԺǣȣȴסԴ磬̩ɽԶ棬׸ͰĽرķٲһ⡣
Ӣȷֿģ񿥵úܣֻҪܹͨɽȥ
˵üȻǿ
һ߳Ҵ֮ϵɽɽţһ̻ԻͣĽһȴŨŨ̴ζˣǹ̩ɽĵط˵һǧǰȴʦ֮뵱ʱĴͥϻԭӡ
Ӣ뵽ʱЩʿŽĵ۽˼֮ȴȻԽԽŨʱɵһ̾
ɽ·ʯΪɣչҲ֪мǧ򼶣һ㡣Ѱ׶УԼһʱֻɽ϶ʯʯͷ෽ƽԲΣɽľΪʯз϶֮䣬ȴ֦̽ᣬȻأ
Ӣûȥ̩ɽ˵£ĹˣֻԶɣƽĻҪϸߴöֲ֮࣬ƣһ֮
һյ·Ҷб죬ԹʯӢĵ˴ѹҪһؿ˵׹롣
ţʯ̽һͷ˴ʦ˼һҿݼ
ʯ֮ʱͻʮŶ̷žװֵսۣԹ¸ӹӭʦʦɽ
ǼԼĵŷв죬ʵǲǴʦֽ迨ġ
ʲ̽ͷ֮˵ʦ迨£ԭǶʦֵ⣬˵̩ɽԴûٽңʦʦɽǿǰЩؿɲ׵ֵ͸ʦֽմЩѷ⡣
һ޵֮⺢ӣ˼ˣµò
ȴֻһԸȷднʱʱǧܴ⣬ɹϳ͡
ʮæӦǡ
ؿԽ̩ɽ룬ȣ;йȻ̩ɽ迨˹ȥֶһ
˺һһ·ϵȺΡƣᶣΣˮй˼ôõɽϢҺƣ֮УҲǰ档
йɽ·ݺȣͣظ˵;ķ羰ƽΪɽ˲
ûãԶԶֳһɽ壬ɽż䴣ţɽϽ岼ֺ꣬ʮ䷿ΧһԺ䷿ݾһֻŶԴ磬ˣ̩ɽɵܶڵء
˴ʱѽЩݣ·Լ֮شڣʮ̩ɽɵĵǰݼ
һǰ·ϴҴҸˣһڶʮ߰ңò׿źɫѣԵþǿɣɷ
һʮ£ŵɫͳۣĿƽǳȡ
Ƶǽ¶ϲʤ֮ɫ첽һµӹӭ٣ʦʦˡ
ǵͷա
лվ
ָ곤˶ӢܵҵĴ׺
ָǺ˵ҵضӿװ֮
˵λӢֵܣһλ֮ͽҪסһʱ䣬ǿҪ׽׽
׺æ̬飬ǿװ֮ȴһƣֻ˹ֵֵܣһᣬһᡣ
ӢЦӦ


 244 С̩ɽ2
һϣװֱ֮򶡺ȥУ¶ЦݵСʦãһôϿɱȲôգ
ƴС㰮˵ʣҪеգȴԼһɣɵþͽͷ˻ȥֻЩеȤ˵
˵˵ЦЦһ󣬶ͷӢܶ󣬺˺󼸲ߵһԴ磬̩ɽɿɲҪʦֺÿ͵ýһΪѵġ
̩ɽɵŮӱͼ٣ţףװ֮һǰģƽʱǰ˳ǻֻһףʱ̸𾢣ȥ˵ģܵСӻȣжʱһ΢΢졣
ӢƵУ飬Ȼ֮⣬һЦʦΪѣҵδء
ᣬᣬʦֶ˺ܺãò˶ãһһȾ졣
Ӣ΢Ц
˵ߺײһſʯף㵽һƺƺһֺ꣬ׯϵĵɷܣǽ棬ʻͷߺʯŴǸԼа˾ʮĶ䳡ϴʱжϰգƵأ轣ġмģͦǹġгֹɨҵأԾڵģе˶ģ˫˶ģһ˶˵أֿеģ֮ҫӳߺ֮ɽģŲչξΪ׳ۡ
ǼҲĸο׺װ֮ΪʦڵӣֻǺпܴнҪӱСĲǡ
׺ǣӼסˡ
װ֮һİ̩ɽʦңĸˣ˭ǣʦ˼Ҷ֣Ҽʦֵܣһܽ˴仨ˮͷܡ
֮º⣬ɺ߳Ǿ֮º֮󣬸˺̩֮࣬ɽЩǿУֻ֣֮д⣬Ϊʦġ
װ֮ʦ˵ɫл֣̿æǣʦ̻弫ǣһʱ˼Ҽ¡
̾˿Ϊʦ˵㣬൫Ȳ㣬һҪʦֶѧϰ֪εĵ˭
װ֮˭ôǷ
˵ݡݴĴϵ̩ɽɽԹѾãֻʵѼƣοȻϵֻҪ漰ͨգͥһ㲻ܣɷڴսֵˣֻҪŭ
ҡҡͷǣ̡
һ˵׺װ֮һʲô̡
ǵ̣ңô꣬ϼǽʿΧ˶û⵽شԽҰˣǶ̩ɽɣֻҪ˶ãңظŸɽҪ⵽ǵĶ֡
׺Ϳװ֮һԵĹ붡Ŀأ֪Է飬뵽Щ֮󣬸֮࣬²ɶһ
ǽпװ֮ȥִ֪ͨµӵ֮£ͷӢֶܵҸȥ᷿ЪϢҴЩ㡣
ӢһʱҲѯʰٻŵ£𣬱׺ȥ
ⶫ᷿Լʮɣ̩ɽдסӢ׺һԺȻһŰǽ߷ԺһдĲɣ֮ʮڴֵܽػʱ³ƣԵýΡ
׺׵һ䷿ֵܣЪţ˾͵תתȻԷ㡣
Ӣһ£вùŽ࣬ȭһҾͷַˡ
׺Цֵ̩ܿɽͣƵǣҪ£۸ö׽׽
׺˼ǶȥӢҲݣúȴԺУԼȥܽػֻ⻨ŭ󣬸һ˱ǶҪһ͸Ӣ̲ס統ȻҲܽػֻȴûŹܽػӦ֡
һв;ٲԺȥ
Ժ⣬ֻʲĵӽͣһӶӵĴҴҳɽ¶ȥӢ֪ǶаţЩȻжȣ޻֮١а޵̩ɽɽ꣬ңĴɣڹȥңĽӦɱܱһ֮ҪһҲ¡
Ĵת˵ڰɽϣһʯɽ֪XXɽ䴦ʯУɭʱйݴɴ¶һƬǣ˼Щ֮࣬߾Ӫ֮ѣľ̾
̧ͷƵʯƺ֮ͱ֮һĸ̨̨ϡ߶æµһʱ¡˹ȥһƣ̨ȫʯͷݽɣʯԼаٲ£ǿԼЯͬС
Ӣܵϸ̨ʱŨҵľҩ֮ζϮ˶̨֮ʯݣһԶֱдšƷ
Ӣܼ̩ɽɵű߶֪룬˼Ҳڴˣ첽ǡƷյ棬Ǿѽ˰ֻ̩ɽɵæƣԱʮ̳ơһŻɫۣϴһǵڳָӣİ˽̩ɽɵĿˣȴȥᡣ
ӢܴһеؾƳ𣬿вЦſǻߵþƣá
Ȼ֮Ҳ֪ҪãͱƵӺá
ԣһ㶣عһҾλС벻ǸңС϶ս𣬻δСش
ӢЦŻؾһҾԭǽϲӢܣһʱ󷻣֮¡
ս´һµûУС϶̩ɽĴƣбǰű˾һְղСһԣƺҲ֮ͨ
ӢϲȾLάѷеѵԱ߾һ˿СƷСʱ¶ͳȥ죬΢Ц˵ͨɲҵ֪һеġ
ɽѵмңôһ˵Ȥߣһ׵һŵľ̳Ҩһ׵ݸӢܵ㳢Ρ
ӢܵѾãҲ΢΢һڣĿ˼һͷһ
߼ģʵС϶ľƣ˵Ρ
Ӣ۵֮дһӻһֻݵ㣬ûв´ɽеȪˮ뻨ݼ¶ˮɵġ
ˮƽȻԳлݵ¶ˮƷﴦһЩҶǴֶһЩƵĻԭȻµóˡ
ߴʱиϲԣԣ㲻أ
ӢֵϲƳʱ븹ȴƵٴϰա
ԴϲЦȷ꣬ÿ˪¶֮ʱóһľζ͸ӷˡ̩ɽңߵˣҲ䣬ܼãС϶ȡ˸֣ѩ𣬡
ӢҲ֪ң¹ѩûУЦȡǾˣøѩҽɲܴ
˵׵˾̳֮ߣҨ߰ףһڶ⡰ѩ𡱵ȻҲȲľŨңһ·ϺȵͨȴҪоöˡ
߼ľĽ࣬ȴ治ɫ֪Լ֮Ƶľ˲ȵҪһͿ⺺˾ƽδáһʱᲮײڣЦ§סļͷþֵܣǸҸطúġ
Ӣܴʱ⡰ѩ𡱶Ǹůͷȴ糣뵽Ѿã·ǽңϲһ£һٰݷá
սߴʧֲǿֻõɵ˵С϶ÿձڴ˹ݡ
ӢЦһһһҪϲֽ֮
ߣµø̨ŲؾԶ׺ֵܣҺңʦѰ㵽һȥա
ӢӦǣ˴һŷӣ̩ɽɵһʳӢ׺ԱһСУȴֻһӷˣװ֮һߵš
Ӣܵõˣˣôǰ붡
ǵйأŮӲͬʳʦúһŮаţֶطϡ
һϵĲȲЩѼţ֮࣬Զ缸̩׼÷ḻǡѩ𡱵ֻССˬԶѷ̨֮ϵǷʹ졣װ֮ʱӢ֪Ϊ˶Լ׽֮£Ц˼ھƣв飬֪ʲôʱָҵ书
ܶҴӦʳԣģҲúеķ֮󣬾ͻսġ


 245 ̸
ӢǹմʮơҲ֪̩ɽɴн÷ǳҪȻǿֵСֶЧ֮£Ը
ǵͷңȻǺܺãڴϱ־ˣֻ»δȬɽϺúЪϢ˵
ӢʱԼ֮£һʱҲἰ
ϯﲻ࣬ţ׺ͻ˵仰׺ȥ
ӢϰڹֻеԲתް־һȫȻ޷һС꣬ҪϢŴƷ֮紫вһ衣
ڴãиԴ磬Դ磬˯ô
ӢǶæûأô
ŶȴԺʯһӵӰվԼü򭣬¹绨һ㣬Ƕ
Ӣܵôˣʲôô
ȻһЦԴ磬òײһ̩ɽҴȥһþ¡
ӢҲԡкþɹвȥأЦðɽʱ;ܲҪʶʶ
˵Ц߳Ժ⣬ֻһӶ̩ɽɵִŻڸѲߣ˸Ķ½ǣ˶Щ˵ߣ˳ʯɣɽȥ
Ӣɶһ·Сɽʱʱ¡죬ֱˮ㣬غɣṦ
ޣһ˵Դ磬ɲҪҡʦ˵ý̩ɽɵ书ҲûѧᣬֻṦͽҪԺһ
ӢЦʦĻҲδȫţ˵Ϊ˵⻰
ҪĻɽ·ʪһֻṳ̂ȡʧȥģӴһžҪˤڵأȻǰһΣӢѸǰסһվȡ
ǧҪ̫Կ䣬ô챨Ӧ
Ӣס֡ؿ΢һ֪˷Щã˵ǲˣҪҪЪϢһ
ִûչֻӢֿܵԼĿܣ϶ʱһƬϼҺҹ֮ӢҲƲУȴߵһʱ˵˻УǵطЩԶ˾Ʋźþˡ
Ӣ֣Ǹеʱ䣬Ҳû뵽ֻ˵֮죬ʧ㻬ˣ˵ǣִߡ
ɫȴɵášһ
˾ٲУǣΣûöߵֿȣжôӢţƺԼöĺһԵİȫУһʱķң֪˵Щʲôá
Ӣ࣬µõŮ£ֻΪ˾Ը˵Ҳȥʣֻڲ·ʱѯһ·ȴɽԽԽߡ
֪˶ã¹ԶԶƵһŴ󷿣߽˲֪ǸǱϼԪǶ۵ľӴ۵ɽǣʦ˵ɲ˼̫µôŮϼԪ˸˵պǮЩܹɽúøһ̩ɽĵ׺
Ӣܼ˵ɽ̲ס˵ǵطжԶ
ЦԴ𼱣͵
˵ûһֳһɾµͤӣšչͤ֡
ӢܻȻԭǴճ
һüɲôն̩ɽ澰ңС̩ɽҲһ㣬Ȼˣɲܴ
ӢЦģ۽磬ĸˡ
˵ЦɫҲԴݺĺ𽵹̩ɽǸӣܵǴȥ˵ǲʶԴ̧١
˶һۣһЦͤһط¡
ӢԼҹ֮УĪŲŲϷ˷紵ɢҵķ˿סеĻҡ
Ӣܺ˵С̩ɽô
ҡҡͷǣҺСʱĸ͹ȥˣǹùôҳأǵ˰ʱĸˣҵ޵ǻ˼ңǹøҺܲãǶִʦ˼ңҿ˹øһЩǮƣʹҵɽˡ
Ӣܵǿɺޣѧ书Ĺøһˡ
̾˿ˣʵʼһͦҹøģҲȥһٳѾĸӣһ˵ϣҲףɽȥһˣʦЩǮƸǡ
ӢЦǸͨĺù
΢΢һЦˣԴ磬ô嶾ŵģ˵ǸĪƢֵý
Ӣܱ򵥵ĵһĸһСҲһ¶ʦϣͳͽˡ
ʧԴ磬ԭҲǸ¶ͬ
˵֮ͬʱֲһ죬о⺺ƺ׽Щ
ӢܶһǺ棬ʵ֪绹ܴˣ
˵ͷ֪ңЩ涼мء
ӢֵѵͲȥ𣿡
¶Ǻ£飬ңѾˣ淢ʲô仯Ҳ֪ңͦǲȥĺá
Ӣһ̾˵ңƽֻ滹ҪЩ
Щɷң̵ҲԽԽ󣬹Ǻܲƽܵ˵յӻԽԽãҹøĸǣĸӣҪڹȥһǻȥģڿǿ࣬ûаܶʵ֧Ųȥˣٸȼã԰ûвлϣЧһϵģټϻôӢ䣬Ź˶ãⳡҾͻûƽ
ӢҲ˵Щ̵ң˶ЩﱻͥιڴԶһЩ൳ɷҲңյĹȻѳɹĻʵ֮λܹסġ
ʱӢĸԼȡʵ۵Ļȴһԥңİ֮ŲȡҪȡ̸֮ףٲıɱѪȣνһǿݡ֪жңİջɥʧȥɷ򣬶Ůʧȥףĸĸʧȥӣܹô


 246 ǿէ֣1
ʱȴԴ磬ĳãҪ㣬治֪ЩѵСô졣
ӢܵŶԭ˵Ǽ£˵㲻ҪЦңնΪ̫䣬ʵ˴ܻֽţյһʱ˵ã˴ù
֪ǫ飬뵽ǡ컢ɡèǱ̲סꡱһЦյĻ۰Ͱ͵ĵ⡮ĸͽҩֻ֪˴󵱣ʱҪ
ӢҲǹЦյֻ¶ˣ߽⶯ɲɣ˭ȭͷӲ˭ĵʹ󡣡
һӢһµˣ̩ɽɶЩӣѵʦֻ˷ʦǼͽܣ
΢΢һЦԴ磬֪ˣ̩ɽͽʵֻҼʴϻ۵ĵϸĵ̣Ȼ⼸ٴʦգʦʦʦҵӣȴΨһӡʦ䲻ڷʦյĵӶ࣬ܵҲİˣֻʮǰʦ֮󣬱ҪЩʦȫɽ硣ҪǸڵͽ̩ɽɵӱ鼰أԶ
Ӣܵͷԭˣ˵ЩʦǻȥֻʮӣҲкüǧˡ
еɫǵȻ̩ɽɿɲ˵أҷʦ˲յĵӶ˼ҵĺӣеǸ˵Ĺ¶ͳͳɲšʵǻ˴¡
ӢӦǣҲ÷ȷȻֵ˾˵Ż⽥ƶ佥ɺϼһСС¶ͷϼʱʱ֣һȻ֮䣬һɰľִƲ֮ʱΪ֮һʱ֮䣬ҫڣʷ塣ҡ֮УȽȽɫ
ӢܼȻۡҲ̲סվ߳ͤ⣬ɽʣƺԾڣˣɽ¶Ʋ㣬ƺϵظƼһɽ紵ɢɼˮߣǧ徺棬ֱ칬¸һ㣬һʱ治֪˼䡣
ӢãС̩ɽ׳֮Ҳ֪̩ɽˡ
һֱ͵͵עֻӳ֮£⺺Ӱ׶棬뷢Ʈ裬̬֮ԶԼʦֿɱȣһʱ˰ķȣþòϢ
ӢܵĻȴԣһŵԴ磬˵ĸĸ书ӦѾ˳ɡ
ӢһȻҡҡͷûУҵĳ˺Ȩƣ书ҲߣһĶ֣ԲŻᵽ̩ɽ뷽ָ书
һʱ书ߣʲôˣԴ磬ûı𣬲罫¸ʦ˵Ϊ壬һء
ӢûлشֻһԶعͷԶ֪̩ɽôγɵô
ҡͷҿɲ֪ʦʦֻҲ֪
ӢһЦ˵һ仰ϸܳ㣬̩ɽ΢ʯܳ󡣶ƣȻ̩ɽҲһʯͷѳĴɽһ˵ĵ֣һ죬һᳬġ
˵ĳӿĺ֣裬Ƿģһ죬ӻΪǱѩޡ
ԶԶĴȥȿڣƷ䴦ѩޣѩޡػ÷Ϣ
У۽ֵԴ磬ĳж֪һԳģһܳɡ
ӢܸỬСţҲһůҪ˵Ȼɽ֮´һ֮
ɫһã̩ɽϮźţԴ磬ԲסҪȥ
˵ɿ־ɽȥ
ӢʩŲУǰ찡ػ
Ӣܵǵ˵ؽƻ֮ǲ֪̩ɽɵΣҹҪЩɫǵ˽䱸һҹʱиʱ̣йɽ
򰡵һ˺
ӢܵرΪ֮ˣֻ֮ͨǲ׵ֵ
˵˸չϼԪɽִ֮
򾪺ҪƵڶ
Ӣ΢һ˼˺ȻϮǴĻѾãһʱͷؿƣ̩ɽ˳õ˲ƴŷľ棬ڶ׼㣬Ҳز˶á
˵⻰Ȼûһĺе֧
ϲԴ磬˵ܲס
ӢҡҡͷǶǹѣ书ǿҲ֪Ǵ̩ɽѾãбζսֻ׶༪١
ôһ˵иǴ󼱣ٲʣչȥûе֧졣
һ·ֻ̩ɽɵִɽ±ȥǰؿѷǳԽ˴Ҵȴɫڵضɲ۾ͣ߸ʮ̩ɽɵŮӣڴǰɫأҲ֪Ǽ
Ƶ˽æӭԶȥأ֪֪浣¡
Ӣܼʦ˵ǰԷһҾֵ̩ɽѣСֶԹۣʲôЧ֮£Ը
ɫһЦܶ⣬ζңҲҵģͰ֮ѴаӢǰȥԮ̩ɽɽѹֵܵһӡȵϢȻ㡣
ӢӦǣһߣʱûһ㡣ã޵֧һɣ΢Цŵ˵ĹûôˣǻܶԸ
Ӣ⻰ȴһ
ҲǺϲɫ˫գ˼
ãɽһ󼱴ٵĺŽͭ
һ󣬴ϲﳷ˵źţˡԭ̩ɽɵˣһ£Ϊɱ
򼰵ϵһŮôһ˵ȫұһߴߴ˵ͣɲ֪Ҵ̩ɽɵ⡣
Ӣ뷽ͬʱɫһ䣬ǻȻľվӢһá
ܶкμ⡣
ҲǰԴ磬򲻹ǣ׼ô˵á
ӢһŶ䲻֪ʲôǺͷ̩ɽɵĵ֣жǿ̡Ҵ˵ĹƣԷб˻ͷβߣʵǴΥֻһиı


 247 ǿէ֣2
Ӣ˵ԷıæʵԴ磬˵˻ʲôƣ
Ӣ˼תȱż㣬̩ɽ·б·ͨ
ɽһǲ·̩ɽɵĵƽʱϰṦõģֻɽ϶Щ׮ľ֮࣬·˿ɲ֪ʦҲȥˣҪɲס
䣬ɫ⣬ղŶǺڵ֣Ҳ֪˺ɽûС
ǲ˵꣬һȥӢ֪Ҫȥɽæ˳ȥۡ
˵ʯƺδӳʮɣֻŵɽϴһ϶ļЦɫһͣ²
Ӣܸе󣬼״Ҳͣ²˭
ЦЦꡣڵ
ڴʱɽϱѩǵʯһ԰ɫΪףмһûͷͷú壬һƬѪɫǿɲ
˸¶ȭ̩ɽ밲ˡ
ʯƺɽϵıʯľȻӿİźѣѽɽĵ·
ʱʯƺϻаأ˾Ȼɽ϶һ뱼Χڷ
бƳно֮ɫһڣҪ˲Ҫҡɽ̵ֺٱɡ̩ɽڴ˹ݡ
ɽȺһ߳Ӣһ˱Ǵ̩ɽɴʦ޹һָ֏Cһϱ鲼ƣʮƫƫһʺѡһԼʮ꣬Ŀݡɮ˴硣һͨĺֱ׺ȴ಻ģ
ֻǵѪаϧһֱԵһ棬λǶĪĴʦˣֻ֪ȭ
ӢĪ顱⼸֣жʱһ֪Īʲôϵ
ȴԱߵԴ磬˵Ī黹ʦֳֻϧƶбʦȵ˶࣬Ī麦˶ࡣ
Ӣ¶ڣЦЦ˵
ʱǺ߶ĪЦȥ̵ȭȷ죬ֻ֮λǿ߾֮Ǳ̵ȭˡ
޹һǣ˱ɴʦ֡ʰô
һۣһֲ֪̾ɽ·ֲϢɽʦְʦ֣Ϊ֮λѵӵô
޹շأס죬Ҫǵ㻨ƭȡʦ֮λ̩ɽн֮Σãڵʦֵһϸһ·ֻҪԹԽ֮λպ̩ɽɳ̣һѪΪԼ䣬һ·
ǹЦ̩ɽҵ۾һԴʦү𣬾ǧٴѪս˽ϵصλû˹̩ɽɵ磬ððеԸɣҲƵǣʲôֶΣֻʩչǡ
һͲס߳ȵԵģⱳڣʳ̩ܵɽ֮ѧйͣҪ˾Ͳ̩ɽɵӡ
һֱӢԴ磬Բסұǽ㵽̩ɽˣ벻Ҫۡ
Ӣѧ书֮󣬵һǿУ˿η壬Ѫڣкʲôµġ
⻰ԶԶصɽ֮䡣
ĪԴŭĿһɣǶԷһʮ꣬ĸߴһ׵ĺԣСӺһ䣬ԽʬˣǷǵĵôʲô֣
޹ϵãСӢܣ̩ɽɵصӣϴڴϻҺµıӵ书ǿǾˣ֪˭ҵĵӡ
һԵĿĵӷ𣬹˭ðһƶɮȥ졣
Ӣܼ˽ͷӶֹȴ̶֮⣬һ˿أŲҶӣͷȥʯƺӿٶ̩ɽɵӡ׺װ֮ǰߣԶʦǶˣǺ̾һս
ɵۣסЦðôˣ
ȴˡ
׺ǽӵźţ˵ǴϮһʱʦİΣʦܴصӱɽ£һʱѲ
Ӣܼ׺ˣѲµ˵⣬ݵʯƺһƣȻɽͷضϸƮУɼĵǵΧۼ֮ߣ̩ɽɿǱһ򾡣˭Ҳܲˡ
ţǰӰһϣվߣһֵ֮ǴһùͰסǾӸ£һʱ
Ӣܼеǰָң´侲̩ɽǰҲ治ɫʵд֮硣
ûһ˵Ӱɼһ£ʱѩ÷ڡǮڡâ֮ɽȥٵҽ֮ǰ浹ʮˣ˷׷׺󳷣֮ͣ⣬ǰ
Ӣ뷽ǽ֪ǿвɽ£˶һۣԼͬصԭλ̲סӢһۣǳ죬Զˣϧ̩ɽû˲š
Ӣ֪ܲ룬޾ٶƣ̩ɽɵڴˣǻڵȴʲôô
ţɽ±ײ֮𣬲ʱŵ߳Һ˫Ŀӣ̩ɽɵ֮Σ֪˭ðո
ûñŵװ֮ʦʦʦ
۴ϲʦû̩ɽɵˡ
ȴһһԡ
ûãһХһ˷ʯƺδ䣬̩ɽɲТ֮ͽɡ
һ˳ʯƺ֮ϣǡһϮѪ߰ߣһѱĳȱڣɼս֮ҡ
˹ҲȥƷǣֻһҾʦã㻹ðա
۵ʦ磬Ҿ֪ġ
ͷ룬һҾʦܣ̩ɽɴ֮ʣҾǰ϶С
ȻһЦշģҵˣպȻҪ壬ҲҪ̩ɽɵ磬ñһƣ̩ɽӣث֡
ǶĪһЦãã̩ɽɵͽͽ㵽òˣģ֪Ҫֻǵȵ̫˵


 248 Ѫս֮1
ϻ˵ְա
ĪȲæϷ͵š
ﴵһڣֻɽϺӳʮʬ壬صʯƺ֮ϡ
̩ɽɵӼЩʬ弡ѾȫãűɫŧҺһɹŨҵĶ紫ŻϵЩʬεģǶǰٸǡ
˵Ȼһ̩ɽɵӡӴһץ׷׵
ôһ˵ʮ̩ɽӽĺӴ
Ǽ״һ뵽һЩţٲ˼Աһһ粽ֻúüʮ̩ɽɵѱ̵ڵء
ָЩжҿԶЩ
ôһ˵һ׷ȥȥƵµЩӣ徹ıɱɫûһϡϡϵļ㿪ʼʱŧҺ
Īɱ˱ɵӣЦ벻Ϻպģģĺ֮ͽԼĵҲŹ
ĻҧԱ߹۲ʦ֣Щôжģ
ǵǰʬɽЩŧҺ㽦еϣĳһ֣̺ʬˣ޾ȡǴΪȾϣҲŲԳ²ߡ
˵ȴӢܵܶĪʦ壬⣬̺ʬܲܽ⣿
ӢܼǵϣȻЩеǰȷǴôµѷҲǾ塣ҴСöͲȤʦҲûôҡ
ֻҡͷ̾˿
ڴʱֻĪ̩ɽɵصˣңһ̣˸Υ̩ɽŷ޵ܣʩ񼫡ҵȷѪ֮ȡš޹أֻҪǰͶϣɻкִͣԲҸǰعǡʱһϾɱһ
ӢܼԲ̩ɽ־ԥ֮ɫǰһԷǵǵ˵Ĺ֮ƣǵ϶֣˼Ǳɡ
ǲشعʯƺ֮ϵӸ̩ɽһĴڽһսɷ۲ʹսҵ֮Ҳڱ档οΪңɲʳ̣ɱôж̰һߡ¹壬׻ƴۣжۣۣҵȸ·֮п͵ߣͿЩǱȥӴ˱㲻̩ɽɵӣʣµѪɰأΪ̩ɽ֮顣
˵⻰ﲪȻֱķΣ̩ɽɵлǸ˼ҵӵܣǴӸѰĹ¶ƽش֮ãڵһҲмӡһ˵Ӹһսʦ̩ɽڶ
˭ҪͶˣӴ˱̩ɽУպүץʮ˲㰢ǵó
Ⱥ鼤֮£һԭЩҡ̩ɽҲѪڣǺ£ź
Ǽڵӵ׳ָߺȵãǾһս
ߵһڵӸŴһսһս
ʯƺ֮ϵ˹ʱƵҡɽȡ
֪ʱѵ֮±ߵĵ˱㽻ˡ
Žһӣȥˣ֪̩ɽӵ
һ䣬̩ɽɵӱ㷢źִ֮Уˮɽϵڳȥ
Ī鲻̩ɽ֮˾ңɫһ䣬ҲһգӭȥЩȫɱ⣬©һˡ
ڽӵָҲ˳
ߵһ֣ʱ֮䣬̩ɽɽ֮бײɱ죬ݵ֮ϣΡΡɰ֮ߣʱѪɽ״ҡ
䲻ؾӢѡҲǽе书֣ʵӦ̩ɽ֮ϣ̩ɽɵӴʱ˴ƴ֮ģʿ磬˫ѽѷ֣ˡ
ִӭĪȥһߺʦܡʦãǶԸԵͽܶǺоͽˡ
ӢӦǣѰĿȥ
Ӣ֪̬أĬǷǰߣұ۶죬㡶嶾šɱصġץеġָ֡䷢죬ֱʺץȥ
ǿӢ˵С˭֪Էָѵ˺һѻӲ˻ȥæұһཻӢܵĹΪ֮һ裬ȴһ֪޹ʲԷ飬Сӵ治׶Ը
΢һϢ˫ƳСӣ㳢үүƣ
ӢδУһ˫ƵݵֻؿڴһϢѵҲһ룺ʲôƷ
ͷֻһӶչؿۣ˫Ʒӭϣԣһ죬˸һ
ӢֻĴ֮ͬ¯иȡĻ̿һѵе졣
ԭĺе书ǰѧùʷƾãǷ֮Դ书ҲǱһ񣬲סơһλպػνȡǡ޾塢޵֮⣬Ըн֣˸е֮࣬ʵ
ӢһʱԷϸкʤ֮Ĵ𣬺ðǱȱ˭Щ
˵ƼӣӲӲĶԹֻážžƽ֮ʱѹʮС
Ǳ߷ĪУĪõһɫȣȼȴȾɺɫ˸˸İĹâ֪Ϳľ޶ȥഥһ÷ţ죬סĪҪֻŲһ¶ҪһС
ĪöĹһֵȴƽڷĸȫ֮£ʮб֧穣гȴ΢һӣѩ׵ĳ֮ϱһ¡
Ǽæþһû³壬һСۼ״̣ϸɲĺߣǺߺͣͣβ죬ִҧȥ
һæ˺Ǻų˵ϣֻһ򷽰Ƿɿȥ
ǼѽƣڹߣǽеһҲܲ˽Ļ򣬵ǺƾˣֻڵϷüֹ
ĪЦշģȰ׷ˣǱŵ챦۰룬ο
˵Žչ죬еĳ򷽰ǵز嵽


 249 Ѫս֮2
ǳʧңĪϮһ˫һܹߵĽٻӣ㳯ĪĳȾȥ̩ɽһѧɽ䡱ĪֻеĳȾƲ뵽ʯͷһ㣬Ҳãɫһ䣬ָ΢ѰסȱϵһŤ
ǶԵо鼫ᣬбƳɫ죬±һæֺӣչ󳷣һǳɣֻգ֮䣬ˣѵǰ֣ڵأȴöϸС롣
ĪԷȻܹԼصһΪУҲס޵ź书
µĶҲ
ĪȻЦ书ҲãҲգ˭Ӯ˭ĺú
˵Сꡱ죬ַȥԼԾ𣬾¥ջ£ҪϮ÷޴ӷ
ǴúáһƣĪ죬ַԼܽӣкһһߡ
һ̣ץסߵߴ֮վڿþҡҡֻһ΢Ĺ֮ԶԶӳڵϣȻ
ĪɱԼ̵ߣؿһʹеշأղһ
ųȳ˹ǲԸഥáɽ䡱Ӧ书롰ʮơȭ̩ɽĴѧʩչ޴ޡܣвǧٰ仯Է
Īֻ˼бֳֽһַɳɫ£ֱ˷϶ǲȥӲӡæһߡǼڵϣȴֻİЫӡ
˵޹֣޹Գڡȭһ֣ȭݺᣬִһ켲ġֱָ޹ͬʮ꣬ԴҵĵӶΪһйһзأأ֣ȴһʱա
ӢܺͿĺȭཻӲӲĶ˰ʮСӢܾöԷе֮ԼѽԽܣΪ֮һ񣬴һУٱȱȡ
ʮɣĶԻȥ
Թ˫֮ѵ˼ӢֻܷԵüƣбѪڣƲѣ־ߵԼ̻֮һȻԸһëͷСӣǶԷԵ£ףҲ֪ССôɵġ
˫ֶʮУֻſĵͺһ࣬˫ϱգдʣ֮ȴĴ죬Ӣһʱ֪ϸֻĬĬ˹䱸
ȻĴһ͵һͣһ֮ĵߡֱ۾һǼ䳤ࡣ
Ӣھļٲ˫죬£ͷӢϾϸ˼Ҳ˫ӭȥ˹龫֣˫֮ȻС
˭֪ıӣ֮Է˫۾ͬû˹ǽڣްɨ˫ϣһʹپֱۣæ˫һһߣȴϢ֮ĹƣӢֻó񣬵ĵֱȫȻ޷Խȥ֮ԽܸıǶȴ壬ʮӢܵļͷؿڡ伺ȫˡ
ļԼ֣ЦСӣ⡮٤ңƣҲҡϧϧҲƽδ֣ȴҪΪ̩ɽɵɥȪ
Ӣܴʱ֪ܳǿӲ˫ϥ΢Ծ࣬ƮƮĲ£ڿдǡɺ׾ű䡱Ӣ䣬ҲǷͬСɡ
ĲСӲۻ룬ṦҲ棬һ㶣ЦСӣҾͲԶϲ
ӢڿĿЦвסƽǡ٤֮ǰ˼䷨ν׹Цкһ֣ǰȸվңﻹڣĪ书ܺá
˼뵽ˣ棬ԾɳӢʲŵؾأഥ֮ʱסҪ׼Ϯķλһȣʹֱð亹ȴҧסĵйȻûʲǰðҵҪ˭ɥ֡һӢȥб϶һҪ߹ǣڵ⣬ȴԷֱȻһǺһƱʵʵӢ֮ܲϣԼͣǰ㣬ǰŴ¶İ֪ˣӢܺĵݳһƣؿڣһΪǺεĻ࣬ˤһʯͷߣѪ罦Ƶξ飬ûˡ
ڵ˻еСӣùƣ㲻úú
Ӣ߽յ֮ƣŸɽУǹơ
һѪеʦʦǵޱûûĻ书ãֻҪ˼ҵʮ֮һͽֺˡ
⻰˵꣬һ³˼Ѫϡ֮һʱȾ΢öϢˡ
Ӣ⻰һ㶣Ļʦ治֪ңﵽжĸ֡
Īʱ뷽ѶУ书䲻ǿһĶҲҹֽơ
ԶĿıӢܻУĪҲսҪҪںһξ롣
ȴ֪ɱⶾʱɽƵղ֮żһ̤һУѩһܼġ罭ӱйһ㣬಻ĳѹҪѨȥĪѸߣʱ˥һʱǱƵæңҲڲʩŶﰵ
ٶУеĳػԲȦһĪĳ֮ϡĪ۳УԷĳƺ˸ʯҲ֮أһɴǰһšǽ˳һһĪһִֻȼ
Ī龹Ҳȶϣ˿ڴѪȪӿȻߵһֻұһӣ󴦵Ѫ㼱򷽰ȥһʱϡϡϵļȾ˲٣֪Ī죬Ϊ֮һ㶡
Īûзһ죬ʩչŲɽϿ񱼶ȥԼûسźţ׷˶֣ҴɽϿȥ޹Ҳ䡣
ӢܴʱѻڣҪߣҪ̩ɽɵ׷ȥ·֮ʣȴɫڣ촽Ѫϣæͣ²ʵôأ


 250 ֲ
ǴʱѾѪӢʣһ̾ĶԼѪҺҲž޶ĵ
ʱβԣҲΧ˹۸Ƿ㡭û°գ
ҡҡֵҲҪģʦãȥдҲҪ׷УС
۲ΥӦǣʩչṦ׷ȥδȴɽϷɳ޼ǰĶʮ̩ɽɷҺ֮½͵ڵءµĵӼƲԣҲֹͣ˳ɱ
Ǽϲǿ̩ɽɵˣȫϿ췵ʯƺ󡣡
ڵĻ׷׻صʯƺ֮ϣĿɨϸղ·ɽ֮еĵӣһֻˣѪ½Ȼ룬סһᡣ
ӢĿվڹ۵ԣæ߹ȥû°գĶսҺ㡣
ǣԼİΣճһ㣬ȻЦԴ磬ллĹģ˲ã̵ķҲǰ̩ɽɵĴæ
ڴʱֻɽĪշģҡͬ١֮Ϸ޵ڶ˿Ծ㣬µͶȻԼúңһ·
̩ɽɵĵ˾޶нһ۸ǰڣֱ赹
һߵƨƨ̵ˣеķҲλСֵܴ죬ҪĵǲŶԣһһʱ𣬽Щ˵ȫնʮ߰˽ȥι
Ǵӻһƿ浹ö̩ɽƵƶҩа衱һڷ¡żԼǰáСءȡҪѨ趾빥ࡰְ̩ɽɲͷĪģʲôȫóԶš
ɽӰһĪ鼺˳󴦹ŰײѪֻǲҪԹˡ
һӡʮĸߴ׳Ĵ̧Ŷʮ˳
ӢܼǴǺխ൱ߣģǳأ΢ݣҪʮɽֻҪһ˼Īĵ¡װżضֻԵֵ
Ƶǵı飬ȴ˫ü촽һߣҲ˼ˡ
Īȫڵϣһ䣬񡣡
ԱߵͽͬʱǿֻһźЩӿʱ˵棬һ˺ˮֱʯƺ֮ĪĺɫС죬ʱǰƺɫˮ
̩ɽɵӼΣһʱȫĿɿڴ֪룬Ϊ񣬼ˮ¾ǧֻɫϣֻǸͷͨϴ屶࣬Щϱټ죬ƾҪʯƺ֮ϡ
ǷǳǸʱȴɫ䣬ҿ󳷣ЩйŹ֡
ʱ̩ɽɵӽǺëȻҳһţҲ֪˭ͷ׷򷽰µĴȥӢܵɫС󣬵⳱ˮغϣҲͻͻֱͣԻʧɫĶҡ
һϣѵ˷֮ԡ֪˺ж㣬о϶һŮԼȥõѡ
Ӣһѱ𷽰ǣ۶¶м֮ɫֻҴҵͷʾһзģʩչṦȥΣҵı죬̩ɽɵȫ˴΢һ˼֪סͷķǵдͣȫľͷ޽˵ЩϣҪǵ뵽û𹥣һѻ˭Ҳܲ
󣬶ԿʼͷԽĻȷȻʱ֪ӵгѼж쵼̲סʵܶ˵Ǹó
ӢܷٵһɨȥǸ̨һָ֣Ǹȥ棬а취ԸЩϡ
֪˵ٲԥǿ񣬸̩ɽڵȫ˻ر֮һжλӢԴԸΥ
̩ɽӱãȻôһ˵ڰмһ֧棬ȫָı䷽򣬳Ÿ̨֮ȥʱʯƺ֮ϺȻĲҺ֮
ԭǺúݣʮ̩ɽӱˣ׷ϣʱȫЩ˻ŵڵأʱƵĺϸǵģ̼Ϣֹξޣֻкںʮڲͣ䶯ܵһ̩ɽͷƵ״ʱʮ˱øε飬Ƚʧˤڵϣֻһͣͣϸֶʮ䶯ĺӰ
ĪΣȴסЦǵ⡣ЩϻʳϡԼ֮أ嶾ŵȴ˽һһഫԵʣɻʶСĪʮǰõ֮󣬵֪Ҫ⡰ʳϡڶԵУҪмųɣרѰ˵طιֳ֮е֮ǰȡóɹ̩ɽʹȻǴ̷磬ʵڲʮࡣ
ЩѶδιʳѪ֮ﻹŹҧ֮󣬵µʮ̩ɽɵӱֻʣһ߾ɭɭ׹ǡ
ʳݻӢѴµ̩ɽɵӵ˸̨ȽµȺϢ
ͷԸ̨֮ϵ̩ɽɵӵҽȥƵ̨¡
˵ȳƷһץһ֮£һ̳һ˸ߵľ͸߾ٹͷӸ̨ıһ¡
̩ɽɵĵһʱĲ֪⣬¹ҪĻҲȥ룬׷ȥ̧̳ԶӢ񣬱̧һ̧̳һ̳ߵ̨µȥ
ʱӢ־һ̳ƹߺΧ̨ӵһȦҪ©һ
԰ҲȥƣҴҳ嵽̨֮£̩ɽɵȫأʯ֮磬ѾΧӻͳʯǾˮ£Ǳ֮Уֻźһ𣬴֮ߣһǽ
ʱ˻ǽ֮⣬ʳԭڼ֮أʮ»ǽԶͣ£ӢܴӻȥЩϾųһʮķ󣬱һźɫĵ̺˸̨֮¡


 251 ̩ɽɵܣ1
Ӣܼص̨֮ϣƷľ̳Ϥ˳װָ̩֮ɽɵ׼бž̳µæȵ״磬ҪȫСĳϨ˻磬ҿȥѰЩףĻСЩ浹ƿɽýҪ˷ѡ
̩ɽɵôһ˵æס֣Ѱȥˣװ֮ǣǣҲû뵽һڣղֻȼСˣЩϳû˽
ӢԣдǱģ̩ɽɵĶʦ˵ЩСɫȴ²ȥվڸ̨֮źɫСָӵѲĪ飬̷װ䲻ʮ⣬һӡ
֮վȴǸո򺣡ձУλε֮߰࣬˺ģͽԼһȥҲֻʣ˲ˡ
Ӣܼ˲æڽƺڵȻǽϨɺ쿪·ϸ֮УźµĪɵȺ֮УΪƺ·
Ӱζ֮䣬Īı޹Ρϸĥ˫֮˼ⶾ˲ᣬǱߵĸֻʣ޹һˣڡйùú֣ǵǷӮɣֻϧ˾ˡԷȫһڰ˰ˣ̩ɽɵӲͻΧֻһֱҪˣʹ޾壬ٳ򺣰ͽĸűǿ֮ĩ֮ˡ
˼Լȥľȫѧһʱ벻֮ͬΣһ̩ɽӵء
ǵӻشеĶղŻ˹ȥʦʦѱѰҩȥӢֱܾȥδűŵӵҩһƣȴıȫҩСѱ˳߰ĲҩһأзһɫԴ󷽶Ǳ㿿׺һֻ֮ԣ˫Ŀ΢գ֪˯ѡ붡һԿŲٲҩûôⱧֶƲϲǰ
ƵӢܣһ㣬ӵվ˵ߣһ߿һ߸Դ磬Դ硣ɽⶾҩʦˣûãĪĵӣٿЩⶾ֮ɣ취Ⱦ
Ӣܼһ˫Ĵ۾ˮݺᣬѩ׵滨꣬вɴǸ⡣룺Ҫҳȥ͵˴һܣһе㷨ӣҪƶˣϹָ·Ҵ
ӢܶԶҡҡͷһʧֻһ̾ߵԡе˾Ϳˣ취
һߵĹƷ޷ӦƽĵգһһսҲԵ̩ɽɵˡ
ʦôһ˵صһӢܻҲãҲã֪ɿдϮһԴ磬㻹ôûҾ˹꣬һܵһΡ
Ӣܼһʱ鵹ԼУһŮֱ֪ףƿİοЦ˭˵ǾˣˣǾһԹѣڻĽҰһεȥŻЩˣҲǿ
ĻֹסᣬͷΪЦģãҴӦ㣬棬ҶүҪһʱûʲô£үһӦҵġ˵㻰
˵Сָ
ӢܼСָͷ۴Ƶģ˫ܵԼһСɰޱȣɵĻǺЦǸпҲָ
֣մ£ĵҪĵһ¶ֻõһ˵ˡ
Ӣܱǲȥнסһľˣٻ桢ѩáᡢҪ֪ˣ֪޳ʲôӣֻҲĵҪ֪ôô
˼ţȴǽһæȥ̽ȴѣæ̬Σ˵ô졣
һ󣬺ֱƺʲôشľûĵʦܡʦãǵȥһ£¸ܶ˵
˵⻰֮˽Ǵϣʵ벻ʱʲôӢܽȻԸܲӣߵһ߳۴Ŷ׺˳ȥ
ڵϣֻԼӢˣ΢΢һЦܶ°ֱ񣬽壬ǮЦȭ޹ۣĪ顢޳ģ㲻ʮͣܶеģģպ˳ȥֻ»𾪽˴ˡ
ӢܵСֶûҪڽͷ
ǵԶԶʦм㴦侲˼˼ı죬Ҷǳʦˡ
ӢֻõˣСֶıֻʦ֮һҪǼʦڴˣʹõ仨ˮͷж
ǲ̸Σ֮ɼֲ֧˶ã̩ɽţʲôð취ûУ
˫еһֻ̫ΣգҲ
ӢһϲæֻҪȵôˣ̶ѨСֶҲҪһ
΢΢˵ͷʾʦԸ߰Ƨûŵȳ
ֵҪ㵽ȥһ£ˣ̩ɽ֮ΣȻɽ⡣̨֮£ڣǿлţؾһѪսܵô˵֮㻹ʱѵ˵׷٣²ܳɹҪ£书ǿǵô䲻ɣΨ߱ˡ
ӢܿеĵģСֶһ±ǣ˵ϸһЩ
ǵ㵽˴֮ڣУһСţС֮һŷ䣬һ䣬ǱƽʱЪϢķ䣬ȥ棬һ̩ɽɰͼĺиɫԲ㣬Σоͻֳһʯҡ
˵ӢУʵܶûС
Ӣܵͷˣ˵
ֵʯ֮󣬻Ƽһҩأĸߣֱࡢ졢̵ѣرҲĸС̳ʢ֦ӦɫĶ̵ѡȡࡢ֦죬ɫ߱ߣ˵书֣õָ˭Ǿͻɱָ֮ˣٴǱͣ¡صʯƺϣҵĪ޹ˣ߽˼µ˱׶ԸҲƽ⡣


 252 ̩ɽɵܣ2
Ӣֻⷬ÷˼ʵ벻ͨôúõĽҩõָɱУ˵Ȼм٣ҲԥãҾȥҵλǰɱĪ޹ֻҪָϵ˳Ⱥһɢ̩ɽɵĵӱȥɱԷû˵ָӣᾪʧ룬ʹˣƴɱҲʿ䣬ʤ
ǵ㣬һȥ»Уýʦһ
Ӣܵǣͽǰȥ£סˡ
ǳɣЩʦЩԨԴȥˣֻǶ¶ˣʯǱɵܣŵùŸ㽲³ֲֻ֮Ҫᡣ
Ӣܵ˼Բúܣ벻ǰµġ
֪Լģʱͷʱһ󷢻裬ǿΪȻףҪٵ飬ȥ̩ɽһɵĴΣȫļͷˣǧˡ
ӢҲ£󲽿ȥһҾֵҪҵȥһ£ǰЭ
֪ǸӢܱһҪĽͷҲȥƽ࣬ȻãҪ㡣
Ӣܵȵǰ˵
԰̨ȥĶ֪Ҫȥһޱȵ£̲סԴ磬Сİ
Ӣܲͷ΢΢ʮԼи¶ģΣҲҪסС
˵̨ǰ̩ɽɵӻͣþƣǡѩʣࡣ
ӸȥȴȻʣƺʤѶ̩ɽ˲׽վŵġŵġŵģ̬У֮ӢܼеǴ󶨣뵽Щ˲Щں֮ڡ࣬ǲΪǡ
ٹڣĪ鿿һ˰ڵϣ޹𣬾վñֱһԴģ֮ԣվŲٵڣбһ
ҲãҪ֮ȥֻѵýʮ֮ԶṦȻǾߡҲһӶߵ⣬˺֮УЩȻûʲôڣʵ̫࣬ǶҲҪǶкֲ١Ȼص˳ֻ֣ԵһǾѶԸҪƲֻǾһʵǺ
Ӣβ֪һڣֻʣΨһ·˵ʲôҲһԣǵԽԼĴԽΣգеĺȻ䳤Хһͷǰô
⺺ӴʱɷɣزҲ͵˷ϢЦΣѣʹ˱֮ģԴི˵ô¡
Ӣܴ࣬Ҳḻ٣֪أȻķԸ
Ӣ˼һ󣬺ָǰҪҪ伸εء
ǺɫһƬԼʮףƽʱɺףξˣҪǵǽݣУҪһΡ
Ӣܽã˼һƻӳֻšॡһѻֻҨյĴͣӵʰ𼸿Ƭݸ߿Ǿȥ
һʱȻϲ֮ʣڵ棬̤ǰӣȻԷɹˡ
ӢܺЦͷҲ߷Уֻ飬дǾ棬ѵ˵ṦҸ֮߳ࡣ
֪ӢܾԼЦҲʣãһƴ嵽⣬㵲סˣȥϿ콫ãֲֻ֧˶á
ӢȴһҡͷȲȥҳɽطߡ
ޱȵȥôҪɽ
Ӣܵȥĵֱ࣬ȥֱ֪ǵͼذΧ֮£ֻѲɽķߣ˱Ȼ϶ҪͻΧȻ׷أֻҪǱߵĵ˿ˣɹһ롣
ǴϲԣԣķӣҪҪ׶ˣԴó
Ӣҡͷʵ취ϵúܣ˶֪ʱ룬̫żһʱ벻ˡ
˲ٶ˵Ҵµø̨ǽ֮£໥˵ͷȷԾԽǽ֮ʱеһӣδЩϣҽٵ㣬ƽ̧һƣӢѸǰ档
ԭӢڻǽ߸ԾڿУһʱб䣬ʩչɺ׾ű䡰ṦڿһۣΪӣֱʮ֮ԶƮȻأҲǽһθֺʮ࣬ʱ֮⡣һҲ˳
֮򺣡ˣӢṦһʱĿɿڴȵӦ˼ǰɵ÷׷ű˵ǰȺŽ
Ӣܼ˻һ𣬷涼һɫ״УֻǱѰ֮Ҫһ򺣰ȴǵǹꪡ師ʲôС˽ѳ¾ɣ׾һǺóңﲻ־
֪ʱΨſУأһƷХȥֻš̡֮һѱüײںϣСӴ谡֮һʱһƬ
ǱҲ飬ȭһһ򺣰ĵӡ
򺣰صӶǵƦɣеĸʲŹɽ֮ʱ࣬ʱʯƺ֮ϵģǽеҲУӢܼȭ֮£ʱʮȻʱܼĴһվǰߵȻǵˣȻߵ˲֪ǰ龰Ҽǰӿȥ
ҲǽͻһյĹ򣬵Ͼͺ˵Ķʮʬ壬Ǳá
ӢܼԼѱǽΧڵУȻ޷մð߶˾ֻǰƶ˲֮ԶմȥȻɱٶЩĵˣֻ߱Щ֮С
ŲǰԾͷض֪Χ˶ٲ㣬æһǰҪսҴЩԴ̤ȥ
Ҳ֪˲ǰ취ʲ΢һ񣬱㾹һĵӿһȻܹǰʮѱڻζʵѱУҲϸ룬Ӧãһߡ
ֻӢܴһбݶ𣬷ɳ߰׺ڿ֮ҽż㣬һ򺣰ӵԴ˲ʹͷȥӢӵԶˡҲǸ編ƣֻṦӢܣԾ֮£ʮ׵Ĳࡣ


 253 ԡѪս
򺣡ĵӼత߲㣬ΨŵǰߵһҽУѵͷмģñȥ̣׾ǱǸȵԴ
Ⱥһ룬˽ɢ޷ڿԾУӢһǰһڵϣ˾űΧ˹˸ԱʵʵĹ˼㡣
Ӣһһļͷ˼Ǿۣ֫Ҳܲס޴ڵأСϥǴȫ顣һе֣Ъಽùһһǹһײһ򺣰ӵؿڣ˲ҽŷɵȺ֮С
ս֮ʱȺһüĺ꺺ӵСӣɱ򺣰ﲻٵӣҡֺ֪һ㡣
ӢܼŻ򺣰ͷ쵽ˣҲһƣĹ
֪ٱ򺣰֮ʹһ֡ʮ·ݾĸ֡
ӢܳӲ͵ȻһЦСӲ֪ߵغһɨǧ֮㾹дֻƹǱסˡ
ţƹѾֻཻ֪һ˼ʯ֮ϣһɼӹġֱûѱţüҪֶȥ
书㣬Ϲһաƣֻһվ򺣰ӣظı˷򣬱ò£Ѫ
֪ǻһĿ֮£һ֮ʵڷ֮¡ͷ־СӣеŵٳүүҵĹ
˵Żӹ裬ʲôķ˿«һ·еĴǡȾҪʩչȻаۣۻҡ
ΧӢԵ˼Ӱݺᣬǰм꣬׷һȥӢЪ˿
ʮУӢܴһסĹˡԼһһСץָ֪ǰϮȥ
֪ٵӲǰ㡣Ŀ죬æһ˰ֻ֣šꡱ֮ǰ¶ȭͷԲһëҲӢ˳ק
֪ؿڼʹ֪׺ӵص֣룺С۰ԡҲǺݶҰеĵ˲٣ߣӿɲôɵõǰװ׵£ʯƺ֮Ϻüˣ򺣰ˣҲܲˣα÷ռˡ
뵽˴ӻڵѣĵġĴ򺣰ĵŹеźţͰãһԣнǺɱ죬ȴȥĵӲ֪ȥӢܣֻҺȴǸӢ߷һˣˡ
ʱҲһʹѵ̺Ӷ֣⺺ӱǷİ֡쿣չ˶ʮУ䲻֪ǰǱȴҲæҵмܣʱǱ֪ٴڵ򺣰˽⣬β֪ð˱ܵźţﰵغ޳ܣԼãǽҷֵֻͻĿСðν̩ɽҰԪǴˣ̩ɽһһֻʣҷ򺣰ɷңǵ̣ʱǲΪҰϡ٣ֻҪԿ
˼գ˫սȦһһ̵ĴҲð˱֮Ѷ
ӢܼΧ˺Ȼֹͣ˽һʱǳϾϸ룬ǰǿɽߡ
Ӧһɽ·ȥһ·ϼ˷׷ҲȥϮ
ĪڵϣƵ˾ҪȺ֪˲ϣ⽫˻һ𣬾ϴʱͷ카Ķŭ˾Ҫɽȥɲܵ飬ȥɽ·סղܷһˡ
ʯƺϻʣ²ٵͽĪ鷢ȫźʯƺ֮ɽ֮ȥ
˼˼ƣŲڽǰ
ûһͽ㽫Χסɽĵ·ϣķȴֻʮΧš
˽ǵһκôͽ֣Щж೤øߴ׳ֲڣꪵ¹ǵȡʮǹ֮ңеıûʲôĸֶ֣й֮ʮ಩ǰľ
֮УӢһ˫ʹŶ̵ͽһѸһʮǹУ估ʱܹ޷룬һ˿ڣѪѽ֮͸
ЩͽɷΪ⺷ʱ䱻˻ɱ˶ʮˣȴη壬ƴս֮УãӢܼ䡢ȴһȣѪ˳˫ֱε棬бҲ˿ڣѪһ㣬ĵٲǰҪ
Ȼһץסһһװ˸ߵĴ󺺣ܱ۾𣬱һĶƣҳְնͽ֮䣬ѳ嵽ߣǰǿߡ
˱ҪأʱڽƴԵֻ̫ǳ岻ȥˡ
Ӣܵصȫˣȥ
֪̬Ҳ˵˫һڿնӢܵͷ˫һƣȥƸԶԶʮ֮Զǰ޵ˡ
ӢԼȴԭأһͽǰŴ¶ͦṇ̀ӢܹҪԸ֮࣬Ƽ죬ǹѴ󴩳
Ӣǿ̾ʹһŽ߷ڵأܴǹһ˿ڱҪѪȪӿԼ޷֧֣һһƽǹǰ˻ϣӴǹʩɺ׾ű䡱ӼƮȻڵ֮⡣
Īʱ޹վһƵӢͣȻԾɱʱȴɫ΢䡣
Ī鼱֣ȥסǣҪȥ
޹һߵĳʲôݣԶ٣ĪַģҶ̩ɽ죬·˾ǵҲӲһ֡
ĪԸִȴЦôСܾͰˣĵûʲôԵСȴǸټĺݽɫҪֻҺ
˵ŻǱӢѵ˴֮⡣
ͽ׷ҴҶӢһҾֵԴΪ̩ɽɣڵ¾ȫˣȥ֮ͽŵסţ浲סˡ
ӢܼȫһѪѴǰУƬ̱Ҫ֮£֪Σʱ򣬾и֮ʣĳһӲһҾźҵ˨ߴһӺ˨ϡ


 254 ҩ˵1
ӢܹţļǺʵӲ˶ߣͽʹҲҪЩֽţ԰ʱ⴫Ⱥ֮׷֡
Ҫתߣǹ֮һʹ˿ƺִһЩѪӰضϸһ·ڵϡһҧǹ˳ѪʱɽӢͷһ裬ֻǿסס˿ΧѨѪһʱֹ˺һѴҴҽ˿ڹá
֮ȻһСţӢܼ룬ŷǵĻУһӣһľŽرţһУ˼һŷ챻ڵء
С߼ªֻڿ󴦷һľ齣ǽ֮ϹȻһ̩ɽɰͼԾӢȥ⻭һңһɫСԲӳŰ£ŵúȻľ齵ĵ¶
ӢܶǶȥһʯ£Ȼй⴫˳ʯȥԼʮ͵˵ףһŨҵҩζ˱Ƕ
ʯȼһ΢⣬˹ȥԭڱһͶŸоֻоò󡣹ޣͶϸȼҲϨ
ӢܼʯܶͶȥȼʮյڶʱΪ֮һȴһʮɿխشʯңһˮأĸ˾ڳСۡǡڽ¶ˮ棬³
Ӣ߽رȥҩζǴ̱ǣȻ緽˵ࡢ졢̵ߣȫ˫ۡ𩷢ģʵ²жͣر߶ЩߵͷĸɫС̳ʢ֦ͬɫĶ̵ѡ
˾д죬˼˽ڳҲ֪ǻ̩ɽĵط
¼ӢܲҶ룬ŷǵػ̳ȡࡢ֦ӣȽɫӴﴵ죬շߺȻڳ۾һƬˮ죬Ծϡ
ʪĵ˳ϡֱͦͦվţǲӢܼЧȥѣΪЩҲֻ£˫࿪ˮԾ߲Ŷ
Ӣ߱°˰ֻ쳣ˣƺһд档뵽˵Щߵ书֣ĵЩ̩ɽɴиϵ֪ĽԼҩ
ʱµ˿ʹʯ֪֮ͽѹ˽뵽սһѹѰ˼Ҳ֪˻᲻ߡ
ŵѣٲʯȥͷһƣࡢʬĸ
ʯңŵ˸УֻǺңԣӦɷȥ
Ӣ֪ͽڵʯһȥͽ׼̽ұһ죬áץסһ˵ĺ˲ʯͻȻһߵһ㵹Ӣܵץ¡
һŶ̵һ˻Ű師źųӢӢ޷ʱץΪƣ׼ʹ師֮˵ظһһ岻ת˸䣬ð師ӭͬĶ̵ֱײ죬˽ȣֶȥ
Ӣܳʹһʱһƺʱײʹ̵ϣ˫˫ײǽ֮ٲ
ࡢʱҲĿãȻзĴƺ֪ӢɱУӰζͽ˽˼ŷǽ̵ķǼһָɱ⺰ɱһղŻڵͷ۾кر֮֮һֻգۼ㵽һʹͽߡ˼͵վ˸ʬһߣдебһ׼ĺ˹ȥ
߾Ȼ֪ܣѱһ棬ͽһеУҪˣһһӲʯ֮ϣȫȻ벻˰֣һºȻʧɫ֣һƵͷϣȴ֮ҽǽԽҲˡ
µͽĹҲǾ֣æһ˾ŻֲһͦìһŽϴȥʱһ·϶˼ѿڣǺˣ˫һӣ𣬲ҽ󣬵Ѫܵʬ塣
Ӣܼߵ֣ҲǴϣµߺǣԲ֪ãȻȴƺǹ룬ǳҩݵĹЧҩ˶Ը˹Ȼʮȴǹо
룬˿̳ҩѱɽ̩ɽ֮Σԥ߳⣬ࡢҲ
᷿ﻹʮͽѰӢܵӰ٣˴򶷲ҺֻӰȫӿ˳ڹ֮ϣӢҲ飬ڷɱࡢ֦һָ߱˳ȥڹϴɱ¾˵Ӳܵǹ֮Ĺ򣬽᷿ͽȫ˻Уϵʬ壬ѪأϺ˵Ÿʽı
еʮͽΧ˹Ӣϵⵢ飬ָɱһѪ·⡣
˴֮Ӣܷȥȴʮʬ壬ѪУ֪ͽȺһǺһʹѹ
ǱĪӢܺȻߴӴڳڲ죬ȴԱ޹÷ʦʦ壬ǻô
Ī⻰жʱһ𣬼æʲô֣⼸λʦ廹ôҲ֪
޹㶳ûϵܼˣĵ÷˺ųơ̩ɽĽܡԶʱһǸС䣬һ棬ֻ˵书ߣµĽＫ࣬ʮûǵѶ񾹴ˣǻӰ룬Ҳ֪ڲں棬Ҫǳ֣֮±Ҫˡ
ţӢԼָ߱Ҫ󲽱æȥסˣҪһ
ʯƺϵͽһңԱ糱ˮӭȥֻ߽֣ѩɣࡢ״裬ûþʮͽ˵¡
Уߺз죬ȻץסһͽֻһĲҽ֮ѪıţͽȻӿֳ롣


 255 ҩ˵2
߽˺֮ڵѪһһֲѪˣȴȻָһ룬ͽһ裬ʱִˡ
ͽ㵶ǹ룬ɲ֪ǹĹҲø鵨ѣ׷һߡ
ĪƲԣķǰһ֮պк͡
֪Ƶ龰ͺֽžϿֺ
ӢܴСѪսҲĳӲ֮ˣࡢɱˣҲ̫пᣬʱǾʤĹؼ׷ͽ׷ܣĵ޹书ǿгˣҪĪĽⶾ
ɫ̵ҪסЩˣɫ̵ȴ޹վķһָԼʩչṦץĪ顣
޹߱ɫһ䣬ʦ壬ʦ壬޹ôأϵô
ȻǺ޷ӦʱǰһƳͷ޹ֻ߲ܿдϢ˫ۿ񶯡ʱʱȭ޹ȥ
޹˼УæáȭһȭߵؿڣºšʮȭڽҲϵһȭ֮ѱʯţ𻢡ѪľӲһȭҲҪϼѪȻؿһȭֻ΢һֹ
ٶʮУ޹֪ȫޡ̩ɽͨʽҲʹˣֻ嵶ǹȭƣټ¼ʵ벻κ书ֿӦ
޹ʦ徹Ȼ˺ǾѽԲҼͷɨһƣӲɵڵϹ˼ȦǿվҼһʹ޷ٱۡ
֪ȥҪ߻ɱһʱҲ˲棬һӶɽȥܱߺĪ֡Ī֣ýǿЩգСһ
߼ߣҪ׷ϣǱӢܼԭڴʣµصȫΧ˹ҪԮĪ飬æͳѴ졣˺Ӣܿкɱѱʮͽһָȥ
ĪʱӢִܽѣ书ѷӢһѶϣֻöʮбмܲסԷ书ӣԼƣھ棬ȴƵƽ߰޹ҲҪߣȵͽҲסһ󾪻ţֻŵӢܺȵһһۣұۼץסǰ½󣬾߸߾ڿС
ĪڿѲãһʱŭ˫ֻɰڶҪ뷨ʩӢܵ۽ڰգͲµ⣬ЦĪģҪ¶ҲУضһʱɱңֻһ£̱ҪûҪˡ
Ī֪Բ뵽Ŀ֮£ԼģʵȫޣæСӣȷһк˵
Ӣܵףе˴̩ɽϳأٴӦκ÷ŵĶ
Īκ÷ǵĶû⣬ѪֻԽ
ӢԸ˱ã㵽״𲻴Ӧ
Ī֪Ѫν̼ϣģĽڼһ𣬸ɿ˺³֪ͥ򺣡̩ɽ־ڱصãý˺ɵĵóͥʧȥʿԼʱصҲӢУ¸Ӣۺúҧҧȥ
ӢܼͽɱһתȻŲ򺣰ķȥ
˼ӢõŽϺպġݣֱ·һ㣬η度£ĪϣͶʴ˵ȵӢߵߣȫóһ·
ʱ̨֮ϵ̩ɽɵӼӢܾȻס˵˵죬ؽͷԺЩ̩ɽѹѾã˷߿Բ̩ɽɽȡÿľҪһ㡣
ӢܴȺ⣬̶Ⱥֱ۽ĪٵøߣĪģٲҾͽȺУҵǲϵˡ
Ī֪ЩϼãԼʱסβɢȥˣʳﶪǰﻹ֪ЩʳϵޱȣͷƤһ飬֮Ȼ̾˿ãԵСӣǣȷ
ӢұһĪڵ棬ȴסĺ󱳡ĪһᣬˣĪĳһ˳еȳ̩ɽպ㡣
˵⻰ӢܵҲס֡
Ӣܴӻóࡢѣ˼죬߹Ȼͣվԭһʱͽʣ˰ңɱ¾һľĪػּࡢ֣֪ͣ˭ͷȫ˱ɽȥ
Ӣܼͽ䳷˱ʯƺ֮д棬򺣷Ҳ֮࣬ĪĪģ滨ô
ĪЦ򺣰ˣЩֻţɲա
Ӣ֪ĸԼΪѣת˼Ӧ֮£бƳǺȺвűɫС죬ָ꺺ӾڲԶվţҲʮɫС죬һ룺ЩƺҪЩƿء
ֻӢسּĪؼ伸Ѩ޷ߣһӣѵ꺺Ӹǰ꺺ӱĪĴӡ߻ʦסڲ֪룬ȻƵӢܵ߸ǾţһʱӲͷƤȭǰӳ
Ӣɡơеһʽ̣ƮȻסֱۣר˱еʽǾֻһһ֮䣬бһһᣬʮ֦ɫСѱӢܶС
õ죬ӢѧȺкֲӣȺ󲿣ķ˹֪ϲ磬ɫСһڵϣ򺣡ˡ
򺣰֪쿾վӢܲԶ֮ʲżĪ鱻ܣͽߣû˶־뵽˴ι̩ɽеĵʧ޹ǶȻҪ֪ͨͥ˵Լ̵£ǾʹˣʵǴ󲻸ġ
ԥ֮ʱӢܾЩʳ˵ĺ˹һʱûɢԼͬתܣӼߣѹѹϱ˹ȫ񣬿ŵɽȥһ뱼ߣЩӿʱжʮ˲ҽںȺС


 256 飨1
ӢĪ֮⣬ʯƺ֮ϣ޵٣ֻЩڡɳɳĿҧʳ뵽̩ɽɵӣҲ
˿ֻŵź֮ԭ׺װ̩֮ɽɵĵӳ˸̨
Ӣæ״磬Ī׷ֻЩԶԶĺŸڵȫ˳̩ɽǡѰЩЩϡ
׺ʱͶأһ£ÿװ֮׷УԼʮȥȡͩ͡
ӢܽĪڵϣϵ˼£ѽ⿪ϰѨȵĪģ÷ŵĽҩ
ĪСӣĪĳһŵǧĺӣҪҩҲɣֻҪӦҵȵϾ޶御ɽ
Ӣ֪ʱȷǵҪʱãҴӦǡ
Ī鲻ʹթԹԵĴӻͳСƿӢеÿոǷһ裬ҪҪҶʮ֮Ķͽ⾡ˡ
ӢҲʲô˳ֽҩݸһ̩ɽɵӣĪĻ˵һ顣ȵ˴ҴȥˣȻסĪѨֻһ̩ɽɵӽʵʵáӼݣȥ
ԣסһе΢ȴһʱûжϾɴϲȴ۾˹æǰûЩҩ
ڸ̨ϼѪսҲ֪˶ˮʱʦûһϲɸƵӢܻѪضһߣѿ¶ߴ˿ڣֹסԴ硣Դ硣ԼҪҪ
ӢܳزǹأδҪ΢΢һЦģúܣûô
˵ǣ˿ڣ̲ס˼
˵ɣĪһʹӻͳһСƿźɫҩ衣ݸӢܵԴ磬ǱŵģֹѪ裬ȷţȥʦˡ
Ӣܼ֮ɫҲǸжӹҩ裬ͷµҵûʲôǰҪϽơ
ȴ΢΢һ졣ֻúߣôʦһˣʦˣֻʦԴˣҵҲֻԴˡ
ʱϽšֹѪ衰Ӣܣ죬ǿιȥ
˵ţ׺ʮÿͰͩͱҧʬȺϣһ֮󣬲֪˭ػʯƺʱһ棬ŨŨĽζԶԶЩʳ˵ĺѾ١
һɽһ̩ɽɵӣ׺ͷʦԭкᣬæȥʵʦܣɽµصôǻʣ¶ˣ
ԭʮ꣬İݵ꣬׺ʣҲͲסءĿ޳ʦ֡ʦ֡ʦܡʦȫսʮʦˣɽֻ¶ʮ֣ʦִɽ¡
ҵʮӳϦദ꼫ĵֶΪ׺ʦգͽִһ㣬ʯƺ֮ϵģս۾ٶ̩ɽɵս뵽һǰЩ˻ת֮䣬˹;ղɼһѣ׺סҲᣬʹ֡
ӢܽڻԶǿȥҷʦʲô취ǰ
˼˸̨һţۿŶŰڵأһߣõıĪĽⶾ֮ҩ
˼ӢܱѪ˰һǼʦãʦܵơ
ȴ⡭ɲУؽҩŷ£ҶԴ㽫ʦֹ£ʦơ
ӢԷǹػвһ̾ǰֻзһˣǰˣҲжġŮ˰ŮˣֻǱ顱һַ۾ƣ˿ãʦȻѪ࣬ûܵʲôˣס޴󰭡
Ӣôһ˵ŷȴŶͷʲô֣ˡ
ʵʲôֵģ
ƵʦΧסʦԵͽ˹ȥݺݵشȭʦڵϣԵͽȭͷɲᣬʦôûˡ
⻰һ˵Ҷǲ⣬ǸǳĬһŶӢܵܶӴ
Ӣܵʯƺϣʲôˣ
ʲŷǡδࡢλߣ̩ɽɵ˵ʱΣʱҲ̲סʵǰʦ֣ôʱ䡣û˵ˡ
ǰ˰ֵպ˵ܶȥǴԭҪ֪ǹŵķӺͿһ㡣
Ӣ֪±̩ɽܣԸ׷ʣ˵ͷתҪߣȴͨһͷȥȴǹ۳°ݡæȥǰΪΣ
۵Դ㲻Լ̩ɽɣ˶ʦ֣治֪лźá
ӢܷۣϿҵĵҼȻֲʲôöԹۡ
˵գҲȹۻش𣬾ٲ߳⣬ʯƺࡢ֮ؼ˲԰׿ݸɵȫ˼ƣԵüǿɲϵǳеҩˮйأƵ̩ɽɵӶ׺İæµ²£ڳͽʬ壬һˣö̵ָߴԭ·صʯңҩһָ룬Ƭ̣ϵƾͿʼƽ
Ӣʯңǽġ̩ɽɰͼСԲϰ£ʯϡ
˴⣬Ƶ뼸̩ɽɵ̧ŷ֮һŷȥ׺ܹԴ磬һض᷿ȥʦָú÷ҩ
Ӣܵͷ˱鷳ˣҵûϵ㻹ȥƷǰǡ
ǹӢܵƣ뵽һӳˣԼڳʵǶв㡣Ҳټ֣׺һӢۣ뿪
ص᷿׺ӢҩãڷĵҩлЩҪ죬ӢܸǶȥӢܴսѾã˲ٵѪĸƣ룬ڴϻ˯ˡ
죬һпձӢܣ׺ÿ»ҩϢһȫȻƣ֮ǡǷѾ˽̩ɽɵ֪ͨ˻ϣҸңĸŸɣҪǧСġǷѽ˴ɢڽԼ̩ͬɽɵӣҪǳ̩ɽ
Ӣ׺ｻ̸֮ΪͶԾöԷȡ̩ɽɵҲĽӢܵ书Ϊˣ׷Է̽Ӣ޼ӣϲѣûñЩ̩ɽɵӴһƬһԭĶ᷿ǻ磬Цﲻϣֻǿװ֮߶Ӣ꺮ůڹṳ᷿̂һ
Ӣʴʱ볣죬ʮ֮ƾȻѾõòˣǹȻسŵȫ׵ġʮơ̸һָľϣӢܵ书಻֮ѧ㣬ּǿǳ
˹һ£һ죬ӢܵδĪ£Ϲ׺ȽҪĪɱӢܵʱĪйŵԣǳ˼ãŽӢܸ׺ȥĪɽ
Ӣܸ̩ɽɵɽԼһյعڱߵһɽ̩ɽɵűڶ߶̩ɽɹѺҪ˵ĵصˡ
ɽɭİн߰˼ڴֵηߵһΣֻĪ鱻ƵĹ䣬ʮֳֹͰ̩ɽɵʱע
׺йһȥĪ˰ĪԵģ㻹á
ӢܵҲòŸ˵̫磬´μ棬Ҿ˿
ĪЦСӣôĿ´˭˭ǻҪƣŽķϣϷȫʬ
˴Ī鵽̩ɽɽţƵߵԶŻɽӢһ·ϼؿȻ²뵽̩̾ɽһ֮ʵԿ⣬ɵôǵǡ
صŵ̩ɽܶڣʱ̣ԶɽƵæӭԴ磬ʦ˾磬˵Ҫл̩ɽɵĴæ
Ӣһ˵оƺȣʱð⼸ˮ֪ҵġ
˵˵ЦЦƫѷźһϯǴװ֮Ӣܵϯ


 257 飨2
ӢܼϯĲǰһ㣬ƻǡѩЦҿƻЩȻǽֻˮҲ֪ƵĽϲûС
ЦӯӯĸһƵԴ磬İգϲû£ֻ˾ţɽϢȥˣʦҲбľƣֻӱ⣬ѩ𣬻Ҫңʦӣʱȣ˵ѽǴʮʮ̩꣬ɽɵľҲȲꡣ
Ӣбȡѩ𡱸ҵľƣвɴЦðһҪƣֻ·᲻á
΢΢һЦܶ汾Ĵ󹦣ʲô᲻õģ˵һ̳Ӿƣ̩ɽĶҲҪ㡣
ӢЦð֪Ҫʲôö
΢΢һЦܶƺΡ
һϳ˹ۺЦ˽һ㵣ӢµĻ⣬ƺҪңѾôܴӦ
̧ͷһƣװ֮Ҳ֪ɫ԰ףЮ˵Ҳ
Ǻߡѩ׵ӾҪѪǵͷһ뵽ԣ̧ͷҧҧ촽ʦö˶˵Ҹʲô
ǴЦҿû㣬ȱ˵ܶ˵˵Σ
Ӣ޷رܡֻõУԴһλѵõĺù
һЦˣ⺢ǿųġΪû˵ġòҲټɲ̩ɽĶôܶǷӢۣպسɾͲӢۼãѵõ˱˴ԵͶϡҺ͹ʦˡͽи㣬Ҳᷴԣ֪Σ
Ӣܼ۶ԼҪԼ׿ϣ֪ʱ붡ȣᣬлŲ˴ҵ棬ȴƵöվϽ߸Ũ͵͵бӢһۣʦʦǺû˭˵Ҫ޸ԴҲ˼һ
˵һܳȥ
ǿװ֮Ҳ̲סҲվʦʦҷֵΪ̩ɽ˴󹦣ʦõҸʹͱ˵ġ
ĬĬ̾һ֪Сϲ򣬶ԺҲܺãҲϲͽ˼²վֻʦõݣͲҪҲǸúӣҸúɫɫƾ̩ɽɵҸŴɵĺŮҲ׵úܡ
װ֮ʱ֪ʦʦѶеңԸ˵ˮܳȥһʱį
׺ӢܽãˣеľƱӢֵܾܣ̩ɽôӣ֪жϲⶡʦãܼһۣ˵һ仰Ҳ͵Цϰ죬ʦʦܽ㣬˱ĸ
Ӣ֪ʱٲؾܣպվŷ۸һҾǰȷ¼ѰĺùκСֶλֻⷬˣСֶδҸһպҲ֪Σ˶
ûϵԻؾŻ£һ㶣ܶ˵¿ģ
Ӣܴǡ
ֵлԼ
ӢֻõǻԼѾɻˡ
⻰һɫһ䣬۸ǰп࣬СӦѮңӦòµѾȢˣ̫ˣֻɵͽԴ糤Դ̵ؽϣƺպǸ˾֡ѵȥССôߣǿɲɣСûǸġ
뵽ԼԷǶʮ˼֮࣬ͽֻҪصޣ²Ȼ
Ǽ״Ҳǿһת¾û˵ˣܶʲô㣿
ӢܵҪ˵£Сֶ̩ɽѾãϵҲõòˣ׼ȥӦ츮˽¡
Ҳ֣ʲôʱߣ
Ӣܵҵģʮƣһʽû죬֮ɡ
΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ϯ޻̸һˣӢɻص᷿ЪϢԺ춼Ӱ֪վĽ֣ٲԸ
˵죬Ӣʰ̫鷳ʱȥҷǴУǲδ÷׺֪ڴ׺˵ԭɣԼȥҷǡ
ŷݣһ徲СԺǷǵסˡӢܼԺеվ̩ɽɵĵӣʵ깦ô
һ̩ɽɵʦ糿ڻûչ
˵ţشдǵǽܶôʲô£
ӢܵСֶһҪɽص˵һ
гĬãŵҲãֻһҪһӹһҾͽкУûҲʶһǽŮɲѧ裬Ǿ˷ޣܳΪҲðһ𣬽˵պȻ̹ԡ
ӢܶԶǸ⣬Ҳһ棬˵Щһв컯⿪ҲͶ÷ģСֶȻȥˡ
˵űŶ᷿ء
صвѹʱӢܷŲߵͥԺ⣬Ӱգ»ʣĻ֦裬ƮɣĶʱһᡣ
Ժ⴫һŲ˴ͣӢѲµ˭˼ǶΣڿǽ
ȳǶôҿɵ˺ܾˣ˵
һýŲԺŴӰһ˽¹£ֻһɫȹϸһѩɫ廨ӣϳ»Ƽ磬ò㣬ƻǻѱȹһɫǧ֦Ӱ
ӢһŸʳУһһС̳ƣݹ㲣۽Ƿ·仹ۣϧ֮ĲȻ𣬸Ͻһ߽ýУһߵл㻹ǹҡ
һбѽͷĿӣʦġ
ʳ̳еСϣԱߵľˣͷȥ
ӢԶĻ˵龰һʱҲ֪˵Щʲôźá
ĬĬһȦһ죬Ҳ̲סӢǰ̹ʱԼһ㣬ǧҵĴ˷ʦһ⡣


 258 ҩ嶯
Ӣ˵Լʹҡͷ£ԼãֲԴϲ
ӢиȻ΢ߵǸǳõŮҲ̸ҶһۣҪʲô£ұƴԼҪҲᱣסȫ
ԣ֪Է飬еǰϲ뱯ϲԼȻǹػԼΨ֮飬ԼһƬⲻǾˮ£ɢ
ʱҲٽ飬̧ͷӢ΢΢һЦԴ磬ǸɵƽʱûҲܿһǧϣʦ˵Ѿӣʲô֣ôʶģ
Ӣ뵽Լ浺ǶõĻ䣬ɵһĵ棬һǸܺõĹء
˵ʱһᣬһʹأԴ簡Դ磬֪֪Ҳء
ȴЦλһˣǲǣ
ȷȻ崿еļˣȻ죬ӦǴ񣬸䳡˵ͷǵģһ
һ㶣С̳ԼӢܶƱԴ硣ҪɽҾ㡣
˵һӢҲٱˣһմƸʴŨʮϣһ֮еûϽѡĵȻûƭңжĺþ
򲢲ͣЪһ߰˱ƣ⼸һ¶ǡϱϼȾ˫ˮ顣ӢܱȰ˳ЩܹͻͲ˵ֻȸʹ졣
ԽӿɫҲЩӢܣĵԴ硣֪ƭңλƯ࣬Բ԰
Ӣܲᵽ⣬ŮǰԼòﰡҵһƬ⣬֪ܲϵծʵ̫ࡣ޷ֻйˡ
Ӣܳٳٲ𣬿һЦ汿ôϲ㣬Ȼǿ
ӢԽԽæٺȥҪˡ
ȴֶƱ׺ȸɣճЦԴ磬֪֪Ÿ̳ӾƵʱ˵ңҪҺٺЩСʦ׼ҶȾƣҽҪԽһȫǡԴ磬ٺһ
˵ŽľӢһƣ磬ƱԼȲȣȴӢܴιȥ
Ӣ֪˾ٲףæ޷ؾһ£˽ߣӢֻ㣬Ϣг˼־㣬żķҷټԼһ̬˿֪ģֻеڸȫȣͷоЩ
Ӣܵľã˵ôƾ󣬵ʱԽһůС֮±ȥʻһ㽿۵ĶﾹһЩӦ
ЩƺЩʯǡŮ֮״
뵽һݣоһ־Щʯȵֻ뷢񣬶ֻЩů״
ʱȻһԼ˾ҶٻҵҲس嶯Ҳ֪ԼʵǸȽǿˣҲLһʱӣһʱ̩ɽ֮ϺóԺסƷɳ˲٣֮ȬټϺ˲ʮϴྡྷҤƣҲ¡
ӢҲ룬ҪͶȥȴԼૻԴ磬Һȣ
˵סӢؼ俿
ӢܴʱֻѪţŮ͵ǰһʱ캿ҡ᲻ýƿ
ӢܺʵţѿҵһŨŨϢУԳ֣Դ磬Դ磬㱧ңͱһºô
Ӣܴʱоһֳ嶯С֮µķӦǿңֻȣֱһչѽڻС
ӵһṇ̀һƿӢվԴ磬ĺȣҪ
˵һ棬ѽƼѩֻʣһĴ¡
Ӣܼ£ʣͶģɢױȵŮȰ㣬һʱ糱ˮӿ͵ֽ뻳УߺһεӣС΢΢ţͬõ廨ĽΣ̲סԼ촽ӡȥ̡һߣҲӭһ˫ͷ
ⷭذǣӢֻȻһеȫ̵ûˣ£һѱ𶡺ȥ
ʱƺҲܣͷľߣĶỽԴ磬㲻Ҫߣɲɣĺӣһӣӣĺһ𡣡
Ӣܴʱֻе¸ԽԽʹſһľҪ˳Ҵҽڴϣеͺ𣬡ꡱһĴѴ˺¶һŶž黨ĵɫǶ
ƹ֮£ƫ粨ѩ󣬵ɫǶ֮⣬͸ѩ׵ڴ֮ϣ¶ĺģ̵ҩ
Ӣﻹ͵ס۶ѽǶǶһ£̣Ӣֻ֬ްϾãʱֿ߷ߣһòۻ͸㽿̬ǣط֮ޢʣСɺĴ£΢΢
ӢҰްĺһҲԼ¾˺˵ڶϣټһͬӢܵĸ֮£㺹죬ӿʼŤ
Ӣ֪ܲѰѶȹ£Ҫ㣬˸ܶǶôҵıƿɻûкɡ
˵˽ŲѽӢҵķŲδϣӰ϶Ǳ˽е龰ʱֻһ㶣ûҺкУ㾹
˵żǽҵһӢʣµϴˮҲȥˣ׼λȥ
Ӣܸˮһһͷ˲٣ƶԼ£кȻֻǸʲô
ӴһԾµء
ʱҲˮŪЩʶо֮״ݣ֮ʣ΢죬ѸһĳܰסȴǷǳԼ
´סǵĳۣһʱҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô߳ܡί֮ķʱءһ


 259 ı1
Ȼȥʦ֮ϸ˵һ飬Ҫܶ˵
Ծûڴ˴̧ͷӢܣƺ˵ʲôʲô˵͵һת죬ų˳ȥ
Եúյӣжһ󲽣Ŵӻͳһŵİɫҩ׹Ӣܣ̩ɽĵԪҩȷȥѸ
Ӣʱǰͷ˼ͣ˵뵽Լ㣬æǰɫҩһ£봽ʱȻеһ㣬˲١
ҩ󣬴ҴҴзȡѻã߳ȥ
һ·нҲ˵ɽķн죬Ӣܴʱ飬ʣֻǽ
˴ʱۼ·ԽԽУԽԽƫƧ󣬾·ͨһƬʯ͵һ£±Ʊϸĸ´졣Ӣվ±ӣֻfͻأڰ֮Ҳ֪ж
һȥӢܴʱ΢֣治˵һ£ԼĪһٶףкһաڰ¶һߵĴѨ
һǰһ̤Ѩ¹ӳ֮£İžɼǿǴӻȡӣһζȼٲȥ
ԼʮಽлȻһֳһȻʯǶԴ˴Ϥһתյ͵ȼʱ
Ӣܴʱͷ࣬´ʯңխʮ֮䣬ԼסྻʯڴһõšҵһµʯϣȴһһСеʯϣһӵĻ࣬軨Ʈ̤ͷʿѥ򰣬Ŀ࣬Ƕȴβסһɲç֮
Ӣܰƣ˼طܣǷ֮˵Щʲô
ĬĬӵĻ˺һŵܶұΪǸ֪غúӣɷȴûϵƺʧ£պú
Ӣܴ˿µıǶһʱ벻Ѱ˶̼Ҳ֪Լ޲ãҾԹԡ
̾˿ܶǰЩΪ̩ɽɳ˵̩ɽɣҷһҲȵģѵ֪ΪôԴֻǶһЩƣ̫һƬ飬ֻãһʱͿɵ£Ҫһ˽ᣬ㿴Ǻá
Ӣܵ˶֮ΨԸ˫ɱУͷ֮ޡ
ҡҡͷֶ飬㣬Ǿܵ£ã㣬ܶȢΪޡ
Ӣһᵽ£һʱͷȻúԼһֲѿѰľ档
Ǽ״ֵ֪ҲΪѣɷ檣ȢԺӣⱲȻˣһʹ࣬
ӢԷ飬뵽Լһʱ嶯㺦һλùһҸǺںޡ
Ǽлʹңֵҵи⣬ԺЩôδؿϴӦʵݡ
Ӣæ˵޷ֻҪöԼʹ࣬ҲԸ⡣
ǵǵòˣˣܶҵͽ밲֮ΪΡ
Ӣתϣ֪⣬ƽ˽Ӵӡ״Һڿң״ʤ˶
һЦƺֻ˵һ룬ã㣬Ҫ̩ɽŵλӴһˣ˵˭ãβﳤ̣ܶһҪ˵ʵ
ӢܼԼԵü棬΢һ˼ֻõ״ȻҺ񣬵̫࣬ʧ֮䡣״Ȼ̫ļʧ֮ͣҪһ֮òɲ㵽˶ȲϷ㡣
һЦܶƲܻ˵ֱ˵ǶŵĲϣûƴȻ֪֮ɫĵӣѵ̩ɽһҪô
Ӣһʱδ𣬷ȴôƺΣ
ӢȻµ˼ǴϣͷһϿҵصϻ츳ߣסλʦƺҪǿϼ֣ȻҪ̩ɽţҲЩѣһСǷѣŮ֮˿в书ǳظ֣ԱҲѡҪ˵汾ųͷˡ
ǵͷ˵òһ˵СֲҪ֮λպҪܺЩڽϵʱˣ⾭ȻҲͲ⡣ڶ˵Ů֮⵹ǽܶĿƫ֣žŮӣҲе´ͷͷǵռ֣ҡ󴫡ƣԪº޽˼ŮŮ洲죬ϴιһȲˡ
Ӣܲ뷽ǻ˵֮㡣Ұ֮Ǿ֡
ȴ廰˵书ǳһҲǼ֣ߣƽṦֻۣڹ̫Ըһ̩ɽ书֮Увپ֮ѧڹķȴߵĴƽʵѭѭʮܴ֮ɣԱҵһܹٳɣǿڹķ
Ӣܵ˵ͷһķԶﵱȻò
ʱȴǺȻӢܳһҾ
ӢæΪʲô
ʱܶ˵ʵ
Ӣܵʲôʵֻʾǡ
ǳһ󣬺Ȼܶ㣬ʦ̸书⣬ǲǻϣѧʲôڹķ
ӢҡҡͷûУҵ书嶾š
ǳһ̾ܶ㻹ҪôĵӣȻ˽ϻؽأʥ֮󡣡
ӢԶʱһû뵽Ǿϳ˺Ǻɷĺ
Ӣܵܶ㣬ǲеõˣеؾħķ
Ӣеؾħʲô
һֱעϵ飬⡮еؾħ¼аɵһ湦Ҫϰ֮ͻͽֱһ֮ҳֵǸҰԵңϾϰش˹Ҳƾ˹Զɷ̣һͳңܶҿĳ֣֮ǿң̩ɽɵڹķҲҪʮϲܴﵽľأңǱƴҲض㣬ܶͣӦúͺ࣬Ѯ°ɡ
Ӣܵʵҽ겻ʮꡣ
⻰һҲûϵϸһ󣬵벻ʵҪô࣬ʮ꣬ǱȰ֮Сˣ꿡ܣȻ꿡ܣңĺ֮Уֻܹˡ
˵ֵᣬ۰ԣҲµòΨСеؾħʹ˵漣һ˵ʱǽ֮УʲôĿھеõˡ
Ӣ֪ԭϰʲôеؾħֲ֪˵嶾֮£ֻõĲ֪⡮еؾħѧһڹڹķ̫ңǲʺŮġ
һĲţЦ˵˵ֵ书ãҪţͱһȻˡ
Ӣͣ׷ʣжʱһͷб㸡˼ɻ֮£Ǵĸҩˣȫޣȴרѵɱ֮ãֶΣɵо˶ؾƣȻŮܣʧȥƣǾԣҵľôһƣӦò䵽˵ز˵ǴãѵС
շӭսʱȻ޾ӢҲһֱûȥ˼ô࣬ʱȴԽԽɣĿȥƷǣŨüţһ֮±˹ףģ֪ģʱѶ˼־衣
ǼĬ΢΢һЦҲգܶԭҲ׻Ϊѣ±㲻ᣬҸһ⻭ϵ
˵ʯ꺺ӵĻһָ
ӢܰԷ֪˭
ǻĿ⼫ǹλҵʦ죬˳ƣ۲ģ˼˵ȭƹ˵á
ӢһԭλʦĻ̩ɽɸûš


 260 ı2
Ӣܷʣʦ˼ҳʱǴɷ꽻ս֮ʱĴ˵Ĺ¶β֣Щӵǿһʱȴʦ桮ȱ͡㡣ʱʦһʦδпͣ㻨ʱʦ˵üԴ󷢣һػݺݿ˹ʦһʦһȬȻˣҲû˿˵ڰ꣬ʦڱжˣͶ̩ɽɣ˹ʦΪʦʦɽ湦ʦ㽫֮λ
Ӣܵλǰð֮գ˰ʱһ˸аʵ˺ء
ǼʦС¿࣬ûʦƵչ˵˺ѽʦ浱Լһ㡣һ죬ʦ浽ϲμһʢᣬѻӴҲûпĹʦ֣ʦҲ˵ʲô¡ʦŴһλѿе֪ʦ渰ʱȥóˣ˼Ҿûλ÷ʱµһʦһĬĬΪƣڽϲûж÷λʦ档Ȼɵˣ̩ɽɽԶҪ磬ϴʦһ⵽˵ܴ裬ʦٵȴҲ棬Ӵ֮㲻ٲμӽκεľۻᡭ
ӢܶλʦΪ˺Ǿ壬ﲻɴϵ׸ۿ˵ͣԽԽǾ;㣬ʵˣǷƵˣºۡ
ǳ˵òʦҲôġʦȥ֮ʦʹеĵӲͣĸ˶̣ûöãݡݡݡһ˸̩ɽһ̡֮
Ӣ̩ܵɽǽش֮һ˭ָƲˡ
ҡͷ⻹ңĽɣ̩ɽ֮һɡ书ɣ۵̹ɡ۵ڶ̨࣬ɣܹǿʤ֮ģɵӢηսʤԼ书ãǿС
ӢܵϽǿʳʤΪһܹȻǵ֮
΢̾ʦλ᲻֪Ϊ˱ʦ˼ҵĽ̻˻֮ҲΪ̩ɽɳڶ˸Ը̩ɽɸ֮ٲ˵Ļ񣬳պеܹ̩ɽңΪ֮ףʹܹǧഫʱ֮ϣٸ߹˵ػúĵհ׷Ľ
Ӣ̩ɽΪûŻԭҲһ̾Ҫǧഫֻڵ졣ʼһͳϣҲдض˹⽭ϵ£ͳһ㣬ɱҷ³ɺޣ˭˵ܴá
ܶȻмʶ̩ɽɼʹܹΪң֮ףȴǲܵ¡÷λʦΪԸԼҵеʦֵܻؼҸͽչҲΪˣʫԻʬɣ⡣˾ӣһ⡣һ⣬⡣˼˵Ҫ£ҪʼһˮʯܶϾľ̩ɽɽ֮ף̩ɽҪкβС
ӢԽԽߣɫԳһֿȵ飬вһݣʱѻָԭ״ܶһλ˴ڹһ׵֮һֱ֪벻ɣ书дд裬òð
ӢܶѰԾ裬ҪԼԣ㲻ƾܣ˵ðֶҲʶʶ书뷽顣
δ˵꣬ߵұڵʯߣһһ֣˵С
һݣһ
һꡱ죬ʯúÿ죬ӢƤ΢΢գǽѵǰ벻¼˿Ľæܹŵ÷ǵĵն⵶ûнǰ죬δѴ̵˵ؼʹסӢпܵķλ
Σ֮УӢһšӺ۶ϣһС£ѻǰһѡӢֺܼݶ飬ӹһͷҪҵ
ǲվֱ˫ۻ裬ʺбȣӢ޷ܣֻúһ󲽣ֹ
ʱ֮䣬ǻУӢܱ岽Ѿ亹Ҫ֪ȭ֮ڽಫֱֳеĵ˽֣ƵöԷԱѰʤҵ󽣣ƣƵĻҲûС
Ӣ´󼱣õһһᣬһһ෴ʽ챾һַ˼书ȴ֪ˣ׺ݵʽ벻ƽ֮
ۼڷǵص罣ӰвˣоҪƵǽǣٲͣЪӢΨʬᵱڴʱֻСһʹ·ҪʶƵģӴһڵҹ
ǺϵҪΣؽվԭأЦ
ӢʹͷǺСʯڱ߰뿿ţҧշĹǲǸ˶
΢΢һЦܶǲǵøҳʱҸһҩ裬˵ĵԪҩʵ˵գҴĪѳġϳ衯ԼֻеĽҩɾȡ
ӢܱΪԼ嶾֮ͲκζˣĪĪֳöر컹֮ϣ⡰ϳ衱ֻԼܲסǿ̾ʹ㡭ΪҪĶ֣Ϊǣеؾħ𣿡
ǺȻЦܶΪĪĺô嶾ǲȱȫġʮơҲҴôڿԸ㣬ϹԶʱһμϮһսϵûϵɷɷǱ¼ֻңУǺϣƥɷһģһȻĺҲһƥǲῴ۵ģԼĵһۣ˺֮ģ뵥֣ʽӣӦ嶾ŵĵӣȴۻң뵱ϳʱھƣԲðĪĺѣǰ̩ɽμĳ֣а˳ɵİȷѧ˻ϵġеؾħȻϣҲûзӡ
˵¶ɫܴܶϧ̩ɽɵĵӣ֮λĪҲΪ̩ɽɵĳУ书Ҷ˵ʤİա


 261 ãã1
Ӣܼ˾أлܶܶĽеޣƤʵ֮޳֮ͽô˵ľҲµĶˡ
ǵͷʵҲʲôҩֻһִĴҩִҩҩǺͻױ˲ǽϵĲɻ͵ĵҩ
Ӣŭɣɣ洿࣬ôݺҡ
仰˵̫ͣ
ȻӴЩӣ֪ԾǿǸ۲ҪԹ˵ھֻܹƽȣֻ㣬ҵĳҪȳףȻȰ˵˭֪㾹ؾ£һʱѣų²ߡ
ӢܵѵѵûһҸ
΢һĿҵҲһŮӣʦܷĿɳ𣬺Ҳ̩ɽɵӣȻΪһС
ӢʹһЦ书ѾܸˣΪ̡ಫû⵶ϱڵ
ǵ书гҲ̫֪Ҳ֪ԼûС㵽˴˵أֱӱס㣬Ҳ˷ĪһŶҩðգѳŲ˶ãǽеؾħķ˵˳Ϊ󹦵ķϣһһ
ӢϢ˥ЩǣǿһЦ˵αػʵ˵˻Ҿǽ콫ķȫ˵˳ҲŹҵģû뵽һôĵαУۣƶбһ졣᲻ú
֪ӢǸӲҲûʲôϣ˵ھ³Լ⣬һЦʲôģʲôαӣʲôƶбܹܣӣ̫߱ɱܣŽɴߡһûм£һָɸɾջسɲ粨ͤȴնޣ˭˵ۣƶ⡭
ӢܴʱĿѻ裬ǽޣ˵ЩʲôˣûһСоɫѪҺؿڷƣںѪӴʯбڵϣҲһ
Ǽ״ȥŷġߵŻʯڱߣмһԲʯŤ¡ֻһ֮ʯھƿֳ˸һ˴Сʯ
ӢܵӽԶԶ˽ȥԲʯϻŤʯ£Ȼһ塣ʯڣ૵ӢܰӢܣһպĽбһı书һϳ̵ĸ֡ϧҲ֪ʯ֮ڣ̩ɽܡ
֪˶ãӢܲƵתǰȴһƬĺڰеʹȴࡣ
ԭĪĪֵܣһ嶾ŵΪӣֵܣȴһĪΪ񽭺ĪԹƧɱȫƾϲãһöһڽⶾǵʦһϲĪ飬ͽ֮λĪ񣬲Ī¼ţͽеȫɴĪͳԼ»¼޻ܵϣ嶾˽ŭּɡɡ̩ɽɡɡңʵ֣嶾ţץסĪӦ츮ΣĪȴѶܣͶɷ塣
Īץ֮캰ԩһ챻ǰӲʴ˰ŪĪȷԩ֮󣬾ͷĪǸж£ԸңҲҪˣͷĪΪƷһȣӢȵһĻ
Ӣ嶾֮˼ǿĿ壬ȷ԰ٶ֣һЩҲܣǡϳ衱ȴĪ龫ƶɣöı컹Ī֮ϣӢһʱ֮䲻ܻ⣬Ȼж֢״ּҲˣѪҺȴһγʱѭҺйֽĻָ
ڵ˺һӢܲվֻ˫ŻЩ鸡һƬ֪ʲôطȥϣЯʯڣ໥ǻ𽻱УѾԼԼȴһʯңı֮Ϻ͵ƿףǽĸ̩ɽǰЩƣֻûмҩء
ӢܴŻʯһյ͵ԣǵо˼ǵоʱϨȴоһʯҲ֪װ˶ٵĵ͡
͵һȼӢѾʯȫȴʯȻɵģʳΣԼʮƽסϵĸ߶߰ϡ
ӢȾȥ쿴ûˮʳҪģûɹƷܴʵʵʯǻˣ죬Ҳֻ·һ
ʱһˮףжʱһϲϽ˹ȥһ֮£̱һѩˮͷŵؽˮһ׶ߣˮȴβʣˮ׵ԱߣƾѾݸˡ
Ӣܰп࣬⼸ݸɵĻƾûˮҲֻһ졣
ʧ֮£ȥ£ȴֻһ¾ɵŷʯҵУӦǷ֮ʱȻұƽһЩֻǻ谵ĿУһ棬˹ȥұŵĸ͵ƿףƺ˸ؿǱϵ֣ͽյ͵ȫȼˡ
һȼǱϵĶȫ۵ףȴһЩּͼΣЩͼνǻһֳֳֵֽģֻʽвͬ
Ӣ֪Ǹղҵ֮ǴӺζ˵书̩ɽУƫƫ̩ɽ֮У治֪Ǻε
Ǳϵȥ̾Ϸһλ
ᡣ۲ϺҲС¿࣬ɶʦִͷʤ֣ټҴᣬң˵У׷ˣڶɽɱʮâȻһսӣ̩ɽšȱ͡㣬սգаܱϱɣ֪֪֮ȴȰ̩ɽӴϴĸ档ȻϣֻɱУȥ֮ںδ޷һʱ꣬ղ䷳װӦʦͬסһݣȴҹ¶֣˹㡣㸺˶ӣ᱾ΪԴ£ݺ֣Ȼһ֮󣬹ٴǰȰɱУⴾһ֮䣬ᴥϥ̸ʮߴΣڣͶ̩ɽ¡
㣬µһˣҲڽƽȴûɱһˣȴ󱯣ݷҵӣҲԶΪøأһ֮Уδм㣬ʦͽȴΪ
˽飬һնʦ˽ʮѻվһǿ׷ʣȴǲ̩ɽ֪ʦʮ̩ɽ΢٣羹ϯȴӽӴϯв̩֮ɽɽΣ潨Ļʵˣǽɣֻ֮ϣ˴ξ裬ʦ䵭̩ɽ棬Դ֮δ̩ɽһضա
ʦТ꣬Խ˼ԽȻ̱۷ģѩ˳ܣ̩ɽһͳ˸Ȫ֮£ʦ̩ɽ档
Ȼһͳ˳̩ɽѧǲ󣬵޷ưԽ˼ǧѧڹķԡеؾħۣʽ书ȴѪħɷзΪԣѪħɷأ书߾ܵУԸ޴˰գΨзšеؾħ˾󽫾֮У˾Ÿ书ߣγǱ˾Уȴһ񣬵Ĵ븮֮ʱ˾Ÿҹ飬ܲһ˼࣬ɥȪԴ˲ٽ˾
ۣ֮࣬дһ׵֮ǰڽݺ޵УΪֻϧ׵֮ޱȣǲݵŲɣҾһСɡ
֪֮󣬿ϲԽ֪ԷȻϵŲصüأѵ֣ԥԻݣװһ֮ˣƭñ𣬼Ϸͬ飬븮լΪͣ˺װƣǱ֪꣬䣬͵ȡ֮ʣϱ˷֣һʱɱһŹʮ˿ڣŹ鷵̩ɽ
ɽ֮óϰ֪֮ԪĩʱһʤһĦһһᣬһһ죬һһأ˫ʽȫͬ󵶽ͬʱУʵǰ޹ˣߣѾѧʽе۷弫£ֻϧ书̫Ψ˼ܣǼ֮ʿɣչ꣬޷ﵽĶ֮ɵ赣
ʧ֮£ʼͽ׳̩ɽɣ֮ýڴ˼䣬ɣʦ֮裬̩ɽ֮٣Ю˳ưԽųȺۣ֮־൱ĿھȪ
ӢĬĬĿôһλвɵøпǧǡȱ͡ʴȼģʹŽ֪̾ϺȻܹȻװǱ֮︮ãݴֶεĺȻΪһŽš


 262 ãã2
ʱӢ˼ʩչҵ֮ǵȷǾ죬˷ʤѾ˵赣ϸ˼֮£˵Ĳ˼ȷߣܹ̩ɽţϺȻǧѡȷģ֮ǰȻһЩ飬ʦͽʦֶײУⷽҲòȥ˼ʼ壬αƣǱʦһˣ书ҪһͳңĽҲǲ֮¡
뵽˴Ӣȴɵһ̾ңĿǰΣķɷңҲѾչңھУзȻĿǰδسʲô򣬵ȷǣʱգ˱سΪңĴ󻼣ҲޱߵȷѪ꣬ɷƶ治֪Ӧԡ
ֻ˼һӢܾͻصʵˣıܷ⣬ˮ֧Ų졣
ҲûȥǱϿ̻ŵĵ֮ߵ˷Ƕʯǰ棬˵͵Ĵһ˫ȫǰȥ
ֻ÷Х˫ѻʯ֮ϣȴˡ䡱Ȼһ˫۶ʱһ飬ҲʯȴֻЩʯм֪ж
Ӣܻǲģٴξ˫ƻһ֮󵯳ʯȻ˿
Ӣ֣ͣϸȥ쿴һŵʯʣһ֮£ʱһȴžüӲĻʯɡáˡ죬һ񡣸Ͳ顣
Ծģȥ쿴ʯڣȻʯɽɣʯ֮⣬޿֮ͨ
ӢԽԽΪ֪ɽǧļıҲãΨһľǾĵ
ӢܱϾӢܡûֹͣ˼ʱȻ뵽һ£ʯѾعˣô񣬿ʯ֮УûϢ֮УȻǷ֮أҲûͨڡ
뵽Ӣʼͨһͷʯ¶ˣȻһСĶʱһʯͷֻ¶СĿףϸһ͹ʯһѹָղûз֡
ӢдϲæȡǿʯͷʯͷһÿһµĻŷζĿʱ
벻ɽǰɽ͸˺ɽͨӦϺģӢſȥǰп࣬ȻԿ¹⣬ʯ붴˻ף̶̵ףľ롣
ӢܽھʮָʹץǶΧȥֻáˡһ죬ʮָûʯ룬Լ߰һʯ
ӢһϲֻҪ˳Ŷȥһܹȥͨˡ
ͣʯȥֻϣܹͨͨΪӢ֪ܳɹֻ·һˡ
æ˴죬ǶڵǰѾһӦùȥˣӢܵĸҲ죬
ʯﻹƾȫݸˣӢһΣеһζͺľмֻ࣬Խ͸ȥ
ǿ˸֮Ӣܲе飬ȥǶڣȫѾͨѭ಻֮ǣһ֮ǶѾǰ࣬ʱʮָѾȫĥˣܵĵѪʮָĵʹ֪ӢƴţΪ֪ܴʱжʹܱȶǿ
ǵ˵죬ʮָĥѾ¶˰ɭɭָǣʹ࣬Ǹ߲ģӢܵ־ǿúˣȻһһµţȻÿһ£ҪʹҧͣʮӣɻǰĶѾֻһˡ
ҹ߲ݵĲڣǵˮδֻƾҲͳԹˣʱ촽ȫǣҲѾʮָ֮ʹǳܹܵļޣҲܲʯ֮ˣΨһƺѾ˴š
Ӣܴʱ;ڸպܹʯ֮УǼűʯŲһԶĶˣʱǵյ峿䵽ڣѾԸܵůڶĲԶһӥͣķ֮ѾûӶˣ˵һףһ磬Ҳûƽ
Ժ֮䣬ﲻͣĸżŮ˵Ӱٻˣ桢ˣᡢˣѩãˣ櫣ˣĸףˡ
ʱԺԼһһıԼʲôʲôãֻһͣһСģת˲ŵĹ͡
ȻʱҶٻ滹ѩԼʱ񣬱дŵĴδĬĬһȥأЩĵľŮˣһҸҲ˶ı䡣
˿ӢҶٻԼšһƽһĲ࣬ǸлûеĺӡѾȫԼģΣ˵ΣɷΣ׵Ρ
еһУһöӢܵʹһ£ʼָǣûֻҪûͲܷĻᡣ
ʱӥ֮ԽԽˣƺӥûҵʵʳӢܺȻһͷƴȻʯ£ʮָѪģѪȻɽұۣĸߴֱȻǼȻ˶⣬¶֮¡
LӥȥʳõʬӥⶴڲʮԶֻܹ֣ȻʳܹץסӥѪ⣬ܹ죬һ׵·ͨͽԼΨһܹȥĻˡ
ȻֱۣãӥûʲôӢܱˮټʧѪҲŲסˣͷأƤıۣ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãȻһʹѣǿ۾ȴڴʱͣһֻɫӥڵͷָͣʳ
Ӣһϲƴȫ֮Ȼһѽӥץסӥ뵽ʳȻץסԼʱͣţ˫צӢܵץ
ʯ̫СӢ޷䶯ֱۣͼٵ˵ʯ֮ڣҲ˲࣬͵ҧӥʺ֮ʱһڴζҺʺ֮УӢܴڴڵʳţӥѪ࣬ûжˡ


 263 ʽ
ӥѪ֮ӢѾָЩ񣬽ӥǰëЩһҧȥѪʳ
ӥӢܳһͱˣҲûöȫǸŵĴˮֻӥԱסҪͨһ׵ҶӦû⡣
֮ӢֿʼʱָѾȫûãֻýȥұڣȻҪö࣬Ŀǰ˵Ҳֻˡ
ֹ죬ӥѾԹˣӢǿ֮£ͨԽԽѾ쵽˶ڣʱӢܵ˫ŸǲͣĵŶţʱԭŵڹݳţƤѥѾȫˣףҲʯľҴбƣѪξĽǰš
ڣ磬Ѿ˶ڣӢ֮ܵ£ֻʯֱµǶҲԽԽ󣬺ܹܿӢܵˡ
Ӣ̽ڣʱһϣůȴԼڰɽϣ¶ͻأʯ赲ţµ龰
ɽʯγһȻʯ̨Χ١ҰɽƹҴСɽ棬Ӧйӳɡ
Ӣܼ״ϲұСƵҰɽ£ժһľͷ˿УɽɬǲԵģӢܴʱȴ¼ζܹͬʱĸɿʼ֮֡
Ƥ˳ʮɽ档Ӣܼ֮ʯࡣ֮£ůɹ̫ſеƣܵز㣬ʱһֻظоʮָ˫ŵʹҲ·ࡣ
ӢܴʱѾҹ߲ˣˣ龰ĺҲܲסȫƾ˵֧šʱѵã㸹һйƣ˯ȥ
ȵһۣͼһְԲı¹Ͽգ춼˸ķǣʹҹҲԿյεһ̾ңûйҵȾȻǴƣټĶ紺򣬷ʳûսңȷǸѵľס֮ء
Ӣվ¹вķֵָ´ţ֪һٶ׾ͿɽʱʮָˣҪлָٸҪһϣɽĹӲ֮࣬Ӧܹ֧ȥ
ʱӢܾͿʼʯұϿ̻ĵ֮޺ڱ˵书ʽҷʩչ֮ʱԼҲĿãȻޱȣҲ֪ԼܹܲѧȥԸġеؾħӢܱĥˣɽ滹úõĽϣǲģѾõ£ժһɽסϸÿڣ֦߳ػɽ˽ȥǰУʯ֮С
ɽ£һֻһ֦͵ǿŵ֮ʯ֮£͵ƻûϨ𣬱ϵֻɼ
Ӣ޻ڵĻʼȥȴܸдǡˣֲγîϣ̵²ᣬϲΥ챳Ԫѣȫιʺδ岻֡
ӢԴѧǡ嶾š֮󣬶ĵĽˮƽѾ֪ҪңȥҲܲѧ˹飬һ·߱ѧԴǿȻߣżв⣬ҲԴǰ˼Ʋ⣬ܸһۣ˵ȫҪԣҪֿȥ
ȴĵһдǡ֮飬Ϸ̨٣ڹ۳ĬΣǻ֥Ӣϸ»¡
λ˵þͼǷˣӢһһƲĥ˰죬ף˼Ҫߵ˼벻̫Ҳ̫ͿҪڤ֮䣬Ȼľ״ߵ̨ѨӼ磬ԷգĬ֮κȻĶãϴ֮´֮⡣
ӢܼλֻһЩͼΣһõýʹʽȫȻͬ򵥣ƺѧš
ӢܾͼοʼҪ˫ͬʱȳͬĶǷǳıŤѧ˰죬ֵʽӰ죬ֵʽҲӰ죬ȫȻŵ
뵽⵶֮ԼȻԸӢоһĽԽǽָֻǲʹʽȫΣԾˡ
Ӣܵȷ侲֮ˣܿʶԼԣ޹ֱ֮ʽֹͣϵĶ½ǰֶ˼飬ĬĬ˼һϥ˵ϣȥϰǻ֮
Ҫ֪ǻ֮˯˯ѷѣҪһҪͷһѣתȻһĶã˫ֵ˼ά뿪νֻԴѳɹҪҲ⵶֮Ҫؼĵط֮˾һ㣬ɵҲǳ١
ӢܱǼǻ֮ˣټͼ֮˵ԽԽǿҪǻ㱷֮ķһķûʲôԣټȥĸ֮£߻ħʱ侲֮ΣӢǡǡܹҪĹͷסģ¾ޡ
˵˵죬Ϳʼĵã˫ܹǱϵͼϰʽˣȻЩѾǰֲ
ֹʮ죬ӢѾȫܹĶãҵ󽣵ʽѾʹúˣͿʼԽ˫ּʽԽԽ࣬ԽԽӡ
ʮӢѾֻ¯ĵزֻҪͼΣȻȻľܹ֮״Ķãʹ
ʱȴǱϵͼθӷȴĵ֮ǱϿ̵ʽֱǡޡˮСŭξѩǧҡ¡ããӢۺڡԭ׵֮ĴʼʤԪĩ䣬ѪȶʱʤȻΪµһ֣һСѪսٳʽҲľÿһʽֽб׳Ӣ֮
ӢܾĿЩͼµעͣȴΪʽ˵˻֮⵶ãȴǧ򻯣ޱȣݣ䳬Ǿѧġ
ӢܱӵһʽޡһʽǡʽʽԽΪȴǷҲʲôɱšֻһʽȴֻӢʮʱǿɡ


 264 ĵĺ1
Хƿգһĸߴһͷҵĳڣ˫㣬׵ĺң̩ɽɽһʯֻ˫ָһ֦ʩչȴֽȻͬʽֵʽĨΪֵʽȴԴ̡㡢Ϊֳƴ֦Ҳǻ磬켲֦ȫƲģֻһĻڻչš
Сʱ֮׺ӺȻסʽûϢһ¡
ȴߵһֻʯ£૵ĵʽһʽӢۺڣˣʵڲ֪ΣܲʤǷǡ
ӣȻӢˣһֱڡʽ֮УÿϢʱĸСʱɽ£⡱ʽȫ꣬Ҳ֪˶೤ʱˣϵҰϵɽѾ꣬ɽҵһЩҰ֮࣬Ҳǿ伢
ǡʽĿھͼٴϰһ֮ӢܺȻ߸Ծ𣬶ϺЩͼּһһֻážУʯмҽǱϵֻѾģһƬҲƲˡȴӢܵĻ̩ɽɵĺ˼Ϻѵ緽һѧ⡰ʽҪֶεһͳɱȥշǰ֮
ʯڵֻӢܱȥʯڵ͵ƻȼšҲ֪滹жٵĵͣ²ȥϨǸǧͨ綴ɽҡ
ʱ󣬲ȴû̫ɫأɽ紵ܵľ̲ݷɳɳӢͽɽƿˡɽʮסﴹż٣ץֽŲõʱʮָϼ룬Ǻ
ûãʮףѾԼ߰ʮ֮ϵɽеҲĩˣӢҿ˿һţƮȻѾףһֳִţһʩչɺ׾ű䡱ڿһۣ˱ϣס
ӢܻһݣѾԾɽȴʯɶѣùɣȴǼһˡ
Ӣܹһ·򣬾ǰȥǷġ𱨣ҪԼܲçײ֮񻹲֪Լѧġʽ뷽ΣȻðա
˿ĵľǶ治֪֮ˡԼȻ֮ңѾףഥһŮ˵ֻ޷ܣ֪ǶԼʧ٣ν͡
ǰһ󣬾ɽ·ӢʩչṦԾ£һףǰ䴦һ죬ȴˣæŻ˽Ųɽ̽ͷǰȥ
ȴǰɽ֮ԣһʮ꣬ò𪣬¨̩ɽѵŮһժһֲҩ
ŮӢȴϵ̩ɽɵŮӻܰ㣬ȻΪ۵ͽܣ书ȴ׺ڣԼѪս̣̩ɽ֮ԼҲǸмݣµҩܰġ
Ӣܾ˹ȥղˣð
ǻܰרŲҩȻҲһȻعͷһȴһõó˲˫ţͷң׵Ĵվǰʱһæеҩ£ĳ㡭ʲôˣô֪ҵ֣
СȻҲȻЩ书˵ʱȴڴ
Ӣܼʧæ£Ӣܣ㾭ҩҵء
ǻܰӢܡ֣۾ʱɴˣһȻһ߻Žһϸ
ӢܾͷԼĳ治ϵˣҵ㻹óɡ
ܰѾǽʱ˵ϣһӾͳ嵽ߣץסֱһһ߻Դ磬Դ磬㣬㣬ʦ˵ԡԶʦ˴£һʧں޽ӣ˺ɽطӥң벻û
Ӣ֪Ƕ˵ԼѶģ˵Ҳ˲κεĻɡ
Ҳǳ۵Ů˵ʲô˳⻰ǰǵ£˰ɽûˤڲ
ܰɿ֣һĻϲĵͺãͺãԴ磬㵽׶Զʦʲô°ں޵£֪һصء
Ӣܵô֪أ
ܰȻ֪Դ磬㻹֪ԴӶʦ˵·ӥ֮Ϳ޵˶ܵӥȥѰʬ壬Ѱһҹûкۣʦʦʵڿȥ˵ʬһҰ޵ˣǿаصɽϡʦ󣬾ʹһȻԼ˼ҲٳˣȥΣݵòˣ¿ɺã¿ɺãûʦ㲻֪жˡ
һ˵ţһֻЦ
Ӣ⻰Ҳһ˼ʲôطȥ
ܰɽһָɷϣȥ̩ɽɵӷ˴ڹĵطʦѾʦԾסˡ
˵⻰͵Դ磬ǿȥա
ʰϵĳ뽣ʣɽ¶ȥ
Ӣܸ˼͵ʦʦڲ̩ɽϣ
ܰҡҡͷڣʦʦſʦȥӦ츮μ﹫ѡ״ȥϵ¶ʦ֣һ֪ͨȥ
Ӣæãһ˵ģ˵﹫ѡ״ÿһֻѡһӲμӣʦʦֱԹ书𣿡
ܰһҡͷûУʦֱÿʦֲμӵģʦ˽ۣ˵ʦӦŲŶԣʦ˱ʦֳÿҲ͸˵ȥ빫ܿϣ书ʱʦÿ춼ڸʦּӽڣӦôˡ
Ӣ뵽ÿװ֮ȥ֮λȻҪ̩ɽɸպͨͥﵽһͳĿġɵðʱȴܰԴ磬ۼ﹫ûУ
ӢܵûС
ܰһʧĵԭҲûм﹫ңĵһŮ֮ǶʦҲú治֪﹫˭һЩҪ﹫˶ʦ㣬ʵ̫˲޷»ôˡ
Ӣܶһȴûϣҵжˣ
ܰڿ˵£˵£ΪɱδЩ˼ȻȥʣһͷԴ磬滹ùõģ㶼Щʲô


 265 ĵĺ2
ӢܹЦȴشһ£Ͻˣ֪ƥȵģ
̵ܰԴ磬ƥȿԣԴ֮ʦʦֻпʦǶȥ˭ﲻȥҧˣеִ˶µúܡ
Ӣһæôˣ
ܰ̾һʦʦǾûа취ˣֻ˭ҲҲ棬û˨ȴﶼȥסԺƺڵȥȵˡ
ӢһѪڣ˼úȣúȡ
ʱ뵽һ£ֵ̽ʲôûУ
ܰҡҡͷûУɽƽýʦѾ̩ɽɵ˳ͥѾݡݣݡݡ帮׷ʱμӴµ򺣣İڣΪܹȫ̩ɽɣ¾û֪һ¿ɲͥ˸һѶˡ
Ӣ֪ʵǱã֮£ѲŸ̩ɽģڱҲ֮Уֻһ̩ɽݸ͸ûжˣҰģԴչԼ
±ʦûͽ
ܰʱЦôûУʦøλʦȥͽϢһĿ治٣˵һһ̩ɽøɸ׳ˣʦĻһܹҵʦȥ
˵ŻңͳСסͼһɽ£ĴǲԴɣɵм䣬һªľݣǻܰ˵˼ˡ
ߵ˼ԱߣȴŽĹšҲ֪ڲ档
ܰӢеʣɫȴһԴ磬ʦģʲôһˡ
һ˵ţһߴӢܾƿţȴֻһ¾ɵӺͼľʣʲôӰӡ
ܰæָָӢƼ滹һݣ͸ŵƹ
һŮӵ˭
ӢǶֻǽ겻ȥǽݺͳ
ܰӢգգۣӢ˵Դ磬ȱҳȥʦ㾪ϲϲ
˵űʦ㣬Ұ
ԭ㣬ʲô𣿡
ܰŶҲûʲô£ʦֽʲôҪ
ûʲôҪģȥɣллʦ֡
ܰӦһͳӢܰ˸ָָָָȻһЦ˼Ӣܶʦ㿪ģ߳ݣ⽫Źصúܴ
һأȴϡ͸Щ谵صƹ
Ӣĵ˽ȥȴӵĳҲǳļªҲ࿿ڴһʯ齣ݵȴһ̨̨ϰһλյƣ̨֮ȴһţһųŰµŮȴһ飬ƺҲŷ𾭡
Ӣܽǵƹ⣬ѾλдšһӢ֮λ⸶ӣҲһᣬҪ˵ȴ˫΢飬žͷ֮
ֻһߵһ̧ͷλ૵ĵǾԴ磬ԲĶԲҺ㣬㳬ɰˣҾǾģҲҵľģԴ磬һŮˣһûõŮˣ飬ǧҪԭңүţͷҵĻȥʮ˲ɣԴ磬֪֪Դ֮Ͳˣʦȴ˵ɱǴТԴ磬ʹĻŻʲô˼Ҹô죬ô찡
ӢҲ̲סˣͽһ
Ŷŵü͡
͵ĻعͷȴվһˣȻųȴϡƣղǾ䡰Ǵˡ
¾վԴ磬ôˡ
Ӣܵ˭˵㺦ңǧҪô롣
ʱվͣҡͷϵ龰һǵҺ˾ƣ㣬ȵϵأԴ磬ûжԲңΪʲôҪԾ㡭̫ɵˣ̫ɵˡ
˵⻰ڣ˫㣬һ֮״ʱʹʧҾ֪Ҿ֪ҵľûãڵܿ࣬켫ȥԴ磬ңȥүҸ˵һжҪңϰ˵ĴӢ۴ܣôĺ£һģҺ㣬㡣
һ˵ţһ˹סӢ֣ܵҲɿˡ
ӢŶĻԼôһݣȷǸ˵ɽ͹أ򼤶ȣʱƺôԺæ㿴ûû
ôڶһУͷԶʱЩоԼץסֿůǳʵ˵еûĹ꣬һŷȫסˣ૵ûԴ磬ûֻˡ
Ӣĵ٣ʲôûֻˡ
ֵû飬񷽰˵
ǰӢ˵ʮ㣬һʻģжʱһϲԴ磬㡭û˵Ǳģǿҡ
˵žӢܺϡ
ӢҪϺ뵽ԼʲôԹǻлһҪڶϣ㲻ѬΣҲҪĵý൨³ֻ֣ʹѩϸ۵һڣһȥ֮ںĵط˲»ζţʵͻ˰
оϵҲûʲôˣļһȻӢܵĻУıȻ޳Դ磬Դ磬û̫ˣ̫ˡ
һ߿ţһȴ¶Цģɰ֮
Ӣ뵽ԼҲţæƿ򣬶ϲ֮£ǲںϵĳζʱ뵽ԼӢƺʲôǣһӻʵڲͳϽ뿪ӣɫ΢죬ֻϣӢܲҪԼ


 266 ĵĺ3
ӢܼȻϲü֮УֻûԼղŵĻǵαļߣȻҪŮ֪ϴ˵ĵʲôʴʿ𾴡
ֵ벻֪ϵ׷ʲô£
ڱʹں֮УէӢǾϲӵ֪ͷһֱһ˷ܶãȻ״̬ȷʵû⵽ӢܸղŵĻôһ˵ͻعæͷ֪Դ磬˵
Ӣܵ˵㻹˵
˵ͷָָҲӵʯ齣ðԴ磬Ǿڴ˵
˵ž˹ȥ¡
Ӣ˹ȥҪǱŵһζ뵽Ƕ齣ԼʱƨʵÿԣһȥӿɾҪϴˣһվ˵ĺá
һصĵңҸǧȷްԡ
ĵ˵ͷԴ磬˵ʲôҶŵġ
ӢҲن£˵ͷ¾ͽȥ֮󣬷ԼɽεɽԼеؾħԼжαӽʯ֮УȻηϺ̵ֻͨˡʽһһʮԭԭ˵һ顣
һϯ˵־ģɫδ䣬ȵӢȫֻ꣬һ˫˵
Ӣ׶еɻ󡣱˵һУ㵽Żǲţ
ԡԴ磬˵£ǡʦⰲŵģ̳ԭˡġҩ
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷúõһ룬ƽʱҲǺȹƵģӦ׵ЩԾ
ľȻáչǽŮҲһܺȣƺʧ̬һΪǾ̫ΪԼӢܾܻ飬ҪΪУ鲻ãҲûôƾˡӢôһѣѹֵĴȷЩ֮״һ£ֲţǸʦհһԼһ𾴳ݵʦȻǸʼαӡ
Ӣܼ˶ɻ֪ǴСĿжżߵĵλһʱҪȫţҲʵԽܣԼ˵ֻģⷽǣȷϣģһ컹¶Ŀ
ĻӢܵӣʵѾ߰˷֡ԽԽ£Ĭ˰ΣȻվӢܹȥ
Ӣܲôһæȥʲô˼
һȴ̧ͷȻ֮⣬Դ磬˵Ķģһ¡
Ӣܺεȴ̲µ˼ˣҷŹǣǲǣ
ĵ˵ͷԴ磬֪ʦ㺦㶪Ƕ𱨣ǷǳǳԵأǡ֪ʦҲί
û뵽˵ĻӢһ㶵ʲôί
ʦ汻£ʵ̩ɽɵĵȫ֪ʦ̩ɽɸҪ˵Ļ񣬳պеܹ̩ɽɳΪң֮ףܽ˵Ļȥúĵհ׷ĽԶЧ£Ҳ̩ɽɲŵĵӱ֪Ź֮һСС
Ӣܵʲô
ԥһƺڿǵ˵˵һҧҲԼԼʦʦ̸֪ģʦʦСһ𳤴󣬺ʱϲˣʦҲǲģһʦʦʦʱԶصȥ£ʶ̫صŮ߶ʦʦͬʱϲСȴʦֺˣĸףʱ̫أ˵ʱ̫ҲʦģԸԼŮ޸һɱɱĽʿͺȷĸʦҪ̩ɽԶ٣ʦ٣ʦʱҲǴӦ˵ģʦȻûõСʦܺãȻƣϵףǡǡǡ
Ӣ˵ȥŵǵȷǰص̩ɽɸ޺һ˵޺ȻԼģߵͽ뿪ض˵ЩʲôǸž͸ı⣬ԸС㣬̩ɽɣ޺޾ͽ̩ɽ֮λˣٺ޺ȥʽλ޹Թʦûн֮λʦ֣ǰԹ޷壬Զ뿪̩ɽɣԲԣ
˵ͷԴ磬ȫ¶ˣ㲻֪ǣ˵С֪ʦ̩ɽɣԼԵ˺ü죬̫֪֮ҲߣҪŮ޸̫صĶӣС֪֮󣬾ͺȻʧˣʦʦ˵С㲡ˣǺģС
Ӣܼãôһ˵뵽췽Ǹ˵߶Ѷʱ񣬶ЩĻʲôΪ֪飬˵ǲҪֻǵ˵ô࣬˵ǺҲпԭҲҪǲǣ
˵ͷԴ磬㻹ǲǵʦҩˣ÷ʦʦ棬Ȼ֪÷ų̩ɽĽܣҲǶʮǰȻʧ٣Ҷ֣û뵽ǻΪ̩ɽɣԼΪҩˣʦҲһʱͿ㡭¾ˣòãҸͷ㲻ˡ
һ˵ţһ߾Ӣܿͷ
Ӣʵɽ÷ĸҩ˵£ʮǰѾ̩ɽţ÷ĺȻʧ٣ֻйأ޷жϵԸΪǹߣ˿ֲҩˣǷʲôɺݶֶ£޶ٹϵԼ¶Ӧȥ롣
Լ¹ͷӢˣϽǿн𣬵òµ£
ǹִԴ磬ܴܲӦң
Ӣȴ˼糱ʵǵΪȴԼЩƣΪ̩ɽɣİŮˣϧŮӵձԼ˵νڹķ¶ɱˣԼγΪΥĵƭôôôӣһ˵Ϲ䡣


 267 ĺ1
뵽ӢȴһݣĸҪԼѧĺҪԼûӦȨ䣬ӷǵϣƺԼδ·ܹôܹΪ˴ﵽԼĿģֶεȥ˺ˣ˵ʹ̵Լɹĵ·ôԸԼΪڶǣһҪ˺ˣܡ
һˣӢܳ̾һãҴӦ㣬ֻҪǲΪѣǰ£ҾͷŹұҪ㣬»еڶΣҲŹˡ
ӢܴӦԼʱһϲмͷеڶˣһеڶˣԴ磬ãڿԼӢȴһãԼ壬Ǹʲôˣʲôˡ
һʱãȻ֪ۣкȻһ£Ǹʲôط
ʱһ죬Դ磬ģİ
˵ȴһ׵ľ䣬óһݵӢܵǰǸ
ӢܼæǰǱûõǹͱˣҪĸ׸ԼǸӡ
򿪰֮һ۾ƼǺӻڡʱģĿƳɬ֮״ʱʡΪԼȻǽԼİ˼ˡ
ʱȴԴ磬ôؿ࣬һ˰գҸóԵȥѣһһѥȥ
ӢܴСԵĶǲɵңûкúóϼ١ʱ︹ǿտҰôһ˵ǿǰͲãæ˵ͷ
Ҫ߳䣬ȴӢֽһ
عԴ磬ʲô𣿡
Ӣܸɿ㡭ŪЩԽԽá
ԣʱЦ˵ͷ뿪
ŶţӢܲȥϥ˶ղŴϣ̧ͷͼǸһӢ֮λĵʲôƨ
ܲôվץסԼƣ˫΢һʱͳһľм
ԼһСʱһ죬һʳУһҴҵ˽ؿڻţϵ
򽫰ڴϣӭӢܵԴ磬ӣǻǵȥɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ͸棬ʳзǾ֮ϣȻһȡ£Ĳ㣬һİ׷Ȼ⣬ռ
Ӣէͻ磬úꡣĲͣſˮȴû꣬æ
˵ͷʹóһԼõʢȴ΢΢һ죬Ҫ֪ңĹأŮӵش࣬һʹãԼķΪóԼ꣬ȴȻȻʲôԡ
ӢܵȻ׶˼˲ʲô̻ʵĳƬ֮䣬׷¶ǣһ١
Ӣܵĳ񣬿ʼһЦܿ뵽ɽܵĿ࣬һᣬȦһ죬Ҫᣬ뵽ӢˬԼô޿δҪˣǿҧסĵԴ磬Щһȥǧš
һ˵ţһȥȡһ裬Ӣһյ
ʳеطƽɹʹãӢܴ˷Ю֮ƣʱǷƣһӣȫһɨ⣬ѾᵽԼ٣˷ѿɳܵУʳﻹһЩҲСЮСˣһᣬʹ
ȵˮӢ˼ãŶľʿǽϣ첻˵ʱҪ˹ˣѧġʽֻһɫҲδضԸˡ
һӢܲŻһֱԱĬĬԼĶȥʳʲôûУû˵һš
ҡҡͷҺȻȥʱʦֵǵȻֻ֣˵ԼȻԶ˼ʦһԣҲûжˡ
ӢЦŮӾһԷ⣬⵹ϡ档
ҲЦǵô룬֪ôҺ£ȫ̩ɽɶ֪ġ
˵ȻߵӢһۣӢΪԼ˴¶¡ԼɽȥѰһҹδǿдɽȻһʹ˼ݱŲЩ̩ɽ˶֪Ҳòٱʲôˡ
Թ˷һҴ˳ȥûһԴ磬Դ磬Ҹϴͷ
Ӣܾ˳ȥȴ򽫷ľףװһˮһʯϣȴһӡ
Ӣܵýϴˣˮһȥϴ裬Ҵ·𣿡
˵ͷˡͷڴϣԴ磬ӺһɽȪȻȥϴǣͷͦģϴҪɾЩ
⻰˵ɷ˵ؽӢʯԣϸĵϴͷӢܵͷܣֲ᲻صɦţֻ
һˮŽӢܵͷϴøɾɡ
ӢϴͷȻҪϴˣʹƵݺ󣬹Ȼһɽһϸ£һʮһʯ֮С峺
򽫷ľ׵Ľ£ֽݸոµѥҸɾصطźã뿪ˡ
ȪˮҪʳõģӢȻȥԡľ׽ˮҨԱϸϸĳϴ
˰Сʱų׵׵ϴɾҲ˸⡣ӢܶʱһɣֵҪǽУõ֮ʱȻ뵽Ҫõģ㲻ǲֻĨĨ¡
ȴѥӣӢŽߵǰһѼһľᣬһľʵˣӣҲˣԴ磬£Ҹ
Ӣô㻹𣿡
ȻһЦȻᣬԴ磬Сңѧ书ȻôУϲŪЩûõĶʦõͷˣҰģ˼ǵһΣֻǽͷ̣ӦûЩġ
Ӣܾ˶ľϣɶԼͷţƶ֮䣬żӣӢܿԸܵĽҲǵŮ㣬뵽˳Ե龰ЩطӦһԼ±˼ʵ䲻ʲôһ֮
Ȼ֪ԼԱڱֱĺЩʲôĸãִһˮϴŵԴ磬ƣȥա
˵žܵóһ澵Ӣһȴһ沣Ƭһ㶣ȴԴ磬в˵ݹоģճӿɱͭǿˣֻԭϲô࣬ú٣沣ʦӦ츮ġ
Ӣ֪ݹĸ׻ܿһ·֪Щʺ󡢹ңһЩ仯ˢУҲѾˣ˿澵ӣԼѾ˴೤Ķ̷ֻһѼȻûþϸҲйоأӦ൱ˡ
޵ֻɰ
ޣЩ˼һЦⶼԼͷʦϹѧģʦң˵ѧ˵Ķͦ죬䲻档
˵⻰ֽǾСĽӹⲣýʦԼҲһ棬Сľˤڵˣʦʹ˺ð
ӢܵĺӴʱѾ糤ˣúǲϰߣͶԶѾңѺӼˡ
ԭӣһΪء
һ˵һ߽ǲڵϣʹչӢܼӡ
ԣӢܿŶ۾СֱͦǣһӣСѩ׵ԵôĽΣżɼһıݣ֮䣬ǸΪĹ뵽ԼһŪɾˣɻûüǻɵýסҳһڻһϵӡ
һѾӢܵһϸļִˮ
Ӣܷ˫ȴƺסˡ
ӢһĨֻȻе޷üŪĺ꣬ܵ˵Ѿܸɾˣô
ʱعʶԼһ˴ǲףѩ׵϶ʱϼʹͷԴ磬ԭ㻹ôᣬáҲôÿˣ


 268 ĺ2
ӢҲ֪Լĸߴƽʱƣһףе˶ΪԼѮˣҲۣŶԼͣ΢Цʮ꣬˭˵ҳúÿˣʦ֡
ԣ̧ͷҡͷԴ磬Ȼûпʦֳÿþ£ǱС벻ȿʦͻСЩ
˵⻰־ԼһЩʧȥŮ֣ϸȣٴδͷȥƺ񾱶ˣһֻǡ顱ĿղЩͬ
ӢŶߵӣжʱҲΪпⶡӦñһ꣬˵òǺѷֳµģԸرԡϹϹĽͣⶡȴǶͺӦþִŮ봫ͳŮӲͬĵطǶһЩ
Ӣܼ߲͵鷳㽫ڡ
жˢ֪ûʲôģƷɲܹá
ԣȻԴ磬ҡҿûжˢ
Ӣܵãˡ
æݣܿһ֧ð׽Ƥװŵļࡣ
ӢܽӵľףݺȪҨˮָͷĨ࣬ӡָΪˢϸϸŪ˸ɾһоһµϢ⡣
ʱɫѾҪվǱһڸԴ硣Դ磬벻ȻûĺϢºˣʦÿɲÿ춼һ˼ޱˡðð
žʦ֣㶼˵ЩʲôҡҽˣСҸʦ˵۸ҡ
һЦ
Ӣ̩ɽɴʦ׺֪ǻܰ㽫Լû̩ɽ׺֣ԼҪȥȡߺȣ֪Ҳʲô¡Ҳֻ߶һˡ
ʱ˹ȥ⣬ȻһϮͳۣĿǺ׺վڶԱߡ
һ⾻û׵Ӣܣ׺һ㶣ܿϳЦ˹סֵԴ󡭡ֵܣ벻Ȼôᣬ˵㻹ţǺˣҪģҪѲӸطóˣ֡
׺Ȼûпװ֮ķӦǣǳ¸ңӢܶҲкøУЦ״ΣܹҼңǲҵ
׺Ӣܵյ龰뵽ΪƺԶʦ²£Ҫ£ϲȥ͵ֵܣʲôҲ˵ˣҵȥѾԸŷú׼һֵܺúõغһ١
˵ŶʦãֵܼȻѾûˣҲٴƵط˰ɣʰһ£ȥ
ԴӼӢܣľֲһˣ׺ĻʹӦһתݣһ󣬾ʰһӢųأͺʿȵعȥӣǲأӢܼ֣ȴ¶۵Цݡ
׺ӣҲЦǺǵǰ·һ̩ɽȺ
׺һŮӽİûȥ޷ȥʹֱӵ˷Ȼ׼һḻľϯ
׺סȰʳӢܲǰųһʳеķˣʵûôÿֻЮһŽƷζֻزȻϸԶղЩóԡ
ȵ׺ƣӢܾͲٿˣʱʹ뵽˲ٵʳȥֻĳθţ΢΢üͷ׺ʦ֣㲻ҪȰԴľơ
ֶӢܵԴ磬㡭ٺЩ壬̩ɽеǣȺ
׺⻰ȻӢܾΪƺʧ̬˴£տɲصޣͷ˾룬⵹Ҳǣֵܣ̩ɽɶһʱ䣬ʦǻ㻹ţ֪жྪϲ
ӢܹЦ֣ʦһţһģϲδأҿɵȲˣһ磬ҾҪɽ֣پһ룬ǴС
˵žϵľ̳Լ׺ԵȻһ
׺һʱ˼֪ҪߣҲȸеľƣֵܣô
˵⻰ȴƳ˶һۣȴӢܣɫǴ䣬ӣҲ΢΢ķŲжʱһ̾ӢѾңԼСʦþǸˣҲֻС檵ʵ̫ίˣһСʦֻ»ʹ࣬ԼĿס˼
ӢܵһҪӦ츮ȥʵڲٵˡ
׺æŶãʦʦ廹пʦڶӦ츮ŶʦһȥŴʦôһ˵ʱмһۣȻӢܣг
ӢѾӦ츮ȥӽзأŶһ·ҡͷֻ²УһҪҪȥ죬ǲܴκ˵ġ
˻ش׺ʱʧ̾һ̾⡭ֵܣȻ㣬Ǿˡ
ˣȦʱһ죬ӶʱһᣬȴҧӣԼĵᡣ
һ׺ҪȥѲɽеķˣһ̩ɽɵͨƸӢܣɶȥͷϢӢ뵽ϾҪˣҲ˷ܣҪһ̳þϣǸļ
ĬĬ̩ɽУû˵һ󣬲ŵԴ磬㻹᲻ҡ
Ӣܶ崿ʱʱߵĹҲһ˵ĸо龰ܿЩ£ҵ°úˣһġ
Ȼ֪еǶôգ˵ͷðɣԴ磬֪һ˵㻰ĴӢ۴úҾ̩ɽϵ㡣
㡱һӢܶʱҶٻҲ˵Ļвɵһֲ֪ôŮӽ˵źãһǧĲǣǱܲҲŪˡ
Ҳ˼һ£ȻЩߣŻǸ˵˺ãԴ磬ӽʲô֣
Ӣܵ档
飬棬ͦģҺ͵һգѵǻ׹ô
ӢȻ˵ҡͷǡ
ǡòദ
Ӣܵһᣬ˭˵õġ
ԣĶʱһϲԴ磬ʲôطԸ⣬㣬úõķ
Ǹ۵Ĺ⻰˵ǺַǳܹףǱԼԸӢܵСˣ棬ȻҲǷӢܡ


 269 ǣ1
ӢңôܹҳһԶҲǸжֻõҲǽˣʲôطҲ˵׼ɣҽ˻㣬ʲôطġ
֪ǰ˾Ȼ磬Ծ͵˵ͷǺãԴ磬һΪ
˵žѩϸСָͷ
ӢܼȻ˳ʶ֮ҲСָ˹Ц㵹ϲǻжԼûˡ
ĵ˵ͷûҵȻûұ£һͻΧȥʱ˵ҪǶˣһԹѣڻĽҰһεȥŻЩˣҴӦ㡣ͻʱ˵ġ
ӢܰЩˣû뵽Ȼǵǰһ̾û뵽ܻġ
ȴǽҪԼʲô״Ҳöɵ¡
ۿžҪ߽ӢܹȥסԺˣֵԴ磬Ҫûгףһ㵽Ӧ츮ȥᣬ书ָߣңһĸ˭Ҳ򲻹㡣
Ӣܶʱҿɲɣο˵⵱Ҫüأ书ҪǣҪ﹫ԼСҿûô͡
ҡҡͷԴ磬Ҫ﹫׼ῴġ
һʡ⻰˵ֱ̫ס
ֺҹױӢܲ
ӢŮ˶Щ¡˵﹫ǳ֮Ů»ûн
ܶԷңһŮҲûȤȥôһ˵ֻǹһЦ
һ£ˣʲô֣
û뵽ӢܾȻⶼ֪һ֣գԴ硣ѵû˵
ӢһЦҹȥ䣬Գͥһ򲻹ģ֪Щ
˵ͷǵǣԴ磬书ֻºʦˣ治֪ôġ
˵䣬ѾǿԺ⣬򲻱ٽ͵Դ磬ʲôʱߣ
ӢҲ֪ңʱǰͳķʮʱ㣬͵îʱɣúõϢˡ
ҡҡͷȴԴ磬ôĿ࣬ҪúõϢҾȻȥˡ
˵һۣžٲ뿪
Ӣž̳Ժӣһ۾ͼͥԺһʱһƥȳߣĺ棬û˩֣Ǻȡ
ȴ֮УƺѾʧȥ˵ʱҰӢҲ治֪ԼźȳǶԻǴȴһڡ
֮һǰһţ͵վķʱͼӢܣ̷һ˻ͼı˹ͣסͷ·ĥȥط꣬
Ӣܷ¾̳Ҳһѱססظ˳ë૵úȣúȣЩӿίˣʵǶԲ𡣡
ǺĻƵģͷһֱͣİڶš
ãӢ˷ڵϵ̳ƣúȣǸòҪúúһȡ
̳̳ڲ󣬺Գķһʯͷˮӣ߹ȥˮȻ˹һʯȻʣµľƵȣҾ㡣
˵žͺһڣ̩ɽɵȻҲƴȣʳϵιţȻ֪Ҫƣʱŵζһ͵ͷʹ
һӢܲúٴǺ͹ȥһԼͬݶӡ
˵ڶɫ΢Ӣܾˣʰһ¶׺Լһͨƣǣźȣ߳Ժȥ
ճԺţͼҹ¶֮УվһűѣӵӰüͺᣬӣѩ΢֮£ǰ÷ѩһ㣬Ƕ
ӢܴԺӭԴ磬ھɽô
ӢܼīŨķϴʱѾմ˵¶飬һ̱ѾʪҲ֪˪¶纮Լãһϧ˺ܾô
˵ͷҡߵáߵ̫硣
Ӣܰһ̾Ҷ˵̫ԵĻ͵ã߰ɡ
˵žǣźС
ʱӻͳһüǾݵǰԴ磬š
Ӣܽ˹һȴżմǴѾõòˣһ·ϵȷҲҪ޶ϸģҲлһȡ±İ˽ȥ
ҧҧӣԴ磬Լģˣ㡭ҲװЩáñ𶪡
ӢӴԽ࣬Ů˼ԽԽ˽⣬֪˼ҪԼ˼ˣҪԼ͵˵ͷáôƯԶᶪġ
֪Լ˼һ죬ʹͷٶ໰
Ŷ£Ź˰˴ؿӢ׺ƣȻͨ裬Сʱɽ·͵̩ɽɽ֮£ǰߣݳˡ
ӢתһֱĬĬĶѾɽˣ㻹ǻȥɡ
Ļʱ;ǧһ֮ֻ÷ᣬƴסöӨѾʱҲٺߣ̧ͷӢܣȴʲôҲû˵ֻǾұְۣ۵Сָ
Ӣ˼Լסĳŵºص̩ɽⲻ֪ԼȴޱȣѲ⣬滹һҪŵģҲָȻһԾ򶡺˵Լء
˫һУѾ˳Ŵ۶ȥ
̩ɽɴ˽꣬Ƶýˣʱصó۳ң㷭ɣ磬һӰڵӹ·Ƶģƽδ޲Ȳʡ
Ӣܺܿ͹ݣŹ·͵ݣȻһ·ݡݡݣվ͵˺ݣ˺ݳǣ϶Уǵ·ԽԽǴϢ
Ӣ֪ңľӦ츮쵽ˣ뵽棬ҲǽȻһ书ң֮ǰ֮𣬵ҪԸңĻʵۣҲǵһֵȴǺްա
֮Уϵ˾͸ˣ֮ԶԶľͼһĳǳأǸ߶ʮףҲߣǵ̻ᣬΡ׳


 270 ǣ2
һӢܾ͵ǳ£ȴ֮ûƽӦ츮Ծ֣ͷַܶǷ
ӢܼŴֻǵļʿά򣬰ǵҲƽͰһ·龰ˣԸоս֮״ɶҲµòõڽ֮ߣݣҲҪҪǰǿʼʧ룬ľãȻҪ˿ɳ֮ΪΣֻƾĲԣҲһˡ
źȣȺ߽˳ǡ
óӢܵǰһеķѾ棬Ӧ츮ֻá̾Ϊֹۡݣֻٱȱĳдϣͨ飬ֳֿ񻧣¥̨࣬佻ԣ̵߶ѣǲ跻¥ԢݣҼӵ̾һ룬ĳˣˣȺвʱȲ֮Ħ磬߲㣬ƣӺ꣬һ½£̫ƽʢаսҵӰӡ
Ӣÿһ֣оҪ̾һ֮ǣõЩǰյĴŴ磬ȴĳҪǰһЩϵǴͳװȴǶѳ㡣ʽѺǽӽЩŮӣȻڷޣ񻷣³ȹʽб仯ӢѾŮŸ߸ţƤЬҡУȻȲĹޣȴ˸֮С
֪Ѿ˻ƻʱ֣Ϧбգ·˽٣ӢȻûйӦ츮;һ͵ס£˳Ҳôʹܻܲȥ
ûã͵һһźĵľ¥¡дȴǡٹջ֡
Ӣ˹ȥӭ͵ĵСϽкӢܼСС֮侹ЩԼǰ浺ĵ²飬СжĵûУҪһأҪҵһס
ǵСүʵڶԲ̵ǻм䣬˶࣬ɲܽȥڵôûˡ
Ӣôһ˵ΪǲԸԼͬסŪ෿䣬ͽһôûǮ𣿡
һСҲ¶η֮ɫæЦүүǧᣬⵥûˡ
Ӣܼα͵ûСǾˣҵĿջȥ
˵һҪ뿪
ȴǵСү֪ŲСһԡ
ӢܱŶ㻹ʲô
СȫӦ츮˹䣬ңٹջɵס࣬ﻹд̣ĵط̶ûˡ
˶٣һӢܵүҲ߽ģѵ֪ʱڸ﹫иô
Ӣܵͷ֪ô˵Ÿֻѡһ˲μ𣿡
ǵСʱЦɵֻһ˲μӣλΪ﹫ѡһ¶¶ͷ˿ɲ٣ο﹫ңصһŮ¶棬˭λһ÷ݣȻͶүɣ⻹ڳԽ׶Σȵľѡ﹫ѡӦ츮Ŀջﻹλʣ
ӢȻ˵﹫ѡһ£֪壬ʱʣʲôǳԣʲôǾѡ
û뵽ǰͦĺĴ¶֪ǵСʱһۣүԭ㻹֪Ÿֻѡһ˳Ǿ˳ԣֱӵȥϢȺѡɵʿֻ࣬´ˣ䳡̨ڸǰȥ˷ֱǡԪʥ֡ɽ𵶡Ⱥǹ壬ɶң书֣˭ҪܹһأͿԽȥ䣬Щѡ꿡ܱԣѡˣɻԿǣܹͨ䳡䣬˭书ãүֻҪ﹫ԼУֻҪͨǰص꿡ܣпѡôԸȥģϽкͣԸأͷΪƷڻ߻ݣʱá
ӢˣжʱһŶѡʲôʱ
ǵСֻʣһˣʱʼʱ֮󣬾ͿʼҲɵӱ临ԣүȥô
Ӣܵ˵ͷȥһȻˣС͸Ұһλ͵ȥˣҪõĲι
ǵСæû⣬û⣬үһ֪õýġ
˵ŻСӢܵ˺ĴԺȴųݣ̣ͨҲжص䣬ٿɹסޣĿջڱǿģС˵Ӧ츮ĿջҲûдţ
ԺҲһʱιƥЩȳƤȻǸصؽС
СӢǣźȽ˵Ҳ֣ЩģȣȻɧ׷׵һ߱ãƺη塣
һֱӢͬסûиһɽ磬û뵽棬Ҳһ֮磬ǵСĿɿڴı飬ӢҲԺ
ȺȰСŴӢܽһݣȴŷŴ齣ʱһˣСλϣЦŵүίס䷿ֻʣŴĴүȥ䳡ˣӦѾľ¥ԷȾȻҲȥɣҲ֡
˵žЦ뿪ˡ
ӢܼĴ϶ŰȻ֪ң紾ӣ͵֮£İЩҪƷܶʧɱϣ󲽳ݣľ¥ȥ
Ǿ¥ȴ¥Ѿˣ¥ҲѾû˿мһӣֻһʮ꣬ķʴͷң׺̲ȣһƣԿһһ׶೤
ʴܵԶΧ߰˸ˣһ˶˶η
Ӣȴô࣬˹ȥʴӶȻǰ治Զһϲ˵ĵСССЩʲôòˡ
ǵСӢǷʴһҲŲ֮ɫ˹ӻóһŲ˵үԼҪЩʲô
Ӣܾǲ˵Ҫһ̰мţ⣬һ鶹һȻһơ
ȵС뿪һ̧ͷͼǷʴԼð׹⣬һݺݵӡ


 271 ǣ3
Ӣҵܼǽӣȴһ˸Ǿ˵ԼʴЩԼҡڵţԵöԴ˺ܲ𾴣˵һƣƽµľǶˣҲʵԼڵֵ׺ЩʿΣкиƶһļƻ
ԷӢܵ񲻽ܣҲһɣ͵һӣѧŽ˵ĿģӣТô
ôһ¥ϵĽʱһ㶣žֻģҲаһѺġ
ԭʴ׺ҰɣΪаƢǱһϰ䣬ʹһң书ֶ£ɱǡ¥ϵĽȻϵãȴȻܳһʮ꣬òİҲ֪᲻书ͷȥ۴˵Ļ룬ǲҪˡ
ҰȷҪѵȻðĲ֪ߵغļһҲûϵԷȻ˵ƽһΣһʱŭЦСӣСӣ㵹ְҶ˵Ļ
ӢбƳΧЩʿɫȷǰʴĺӱȻңһ֣ԼܹʤͿȥ䳡һ֣﹫ǾȤģС˵ܹлᱻѡгΪ빬СǾܹӽˣܴ
һӵģӣ֪֪˭Ҷ档
ҰȻƢڽϴҲжʮˣ⻰ִˣֻα뺷ƺͨ뻹ĺã㵽˭ɵظַ壬ɵĽʸ裿
˵ˡԼûң֡
ɽң֮Уͬڶ࣬Ҫǵ˾ͺһҰҲǼɵ
ӢܹһЦʲôַ壬ʲôʸ衣㣬ԣֽӢܣºŽרӲӼˣ㵽һȥǲҪˡ
ҰĻֱСҲ˲ô˵˭ˣ͵ؽһƣӢܵһȭȭδȭѾǱˡ
ӢܲҰһȭһȭһúúãһ˭ȭͷӲһЩ
˵ұһҲһȭҰȭϣֻȭͷôһײʱˡ顱һ졣ҰȭͷһʹֻһɴԼӿӾĵǵ˳߰˲ײӣºľ̤˼󶴣ֻʳͷһ󾪺֮
¥֮ϵĽ֪Ұģ벻İһ־Ǿ֮һʱ֮䣬ɵöĿɿڴ׷׵Ĳ²ֵʱڽѯȻǺá
ҰӢһȭˣؿһѪڣҲǾѣ˱һץѾڵصҪӢܵͷ
ڽʿ֪ҰһסǰǴӡʮ˷ħܻɣϣܹʹÿİӦ
Ҫ֣ȴһŽһ縳룬ʮߵײײһҾһ߰үǣүǣС걾סôڰҪ֣ǵȥˡ
˵⻰ָϽҾ
ӢͱܹҰһӣ̫Сʩչֽţǵȥ
⻰˵꣬ȴһȴȥǺס޵ĴԺ
ҰˣҲһܵǴһݶ£Ӣõǡɺ׾ű䡱ƮȻҰһ߰ʮصһأȴˡˡһ죬µһʯѾķˡ
¥¥¥µĽʿӿԺΧһȦ
ʱҰѾӢֻܶǱû߰ʮȴİӰѾӢס
ӢܼȻҲίʵС죬ȲӲƴֻʩչɺ׾ű䡱Ṧߺͣң˳İĬĬ۲ĥȴǡʽһ·ҴңҲûȥ䵶Ӧ츮½¡ң֮ӦϺõĵѡû뵽յ˽ֻXXĹƣĬĬŵʽ˼֮
ûһӢоˣҰȻͣԼѧǡʽԶв㣬е֣ʱУͿԻɱԷ
ʱҰѾʮУȴԷ½Ҳûһ£ǿףѾʹˡǰһ·һ·װľҪڣҪӢƴһ㣬ҷҿģЩʯǾ鼤ɢ簵һܡЩֵĽʿվýһЩģʱ֮꣬书һЩģһʱϣʱ˷ˡӴѽ֮ҲϽ˵Զˡ
Ӣܿá
Ѿ˻ҰذգĶ֣ʵǻѵãϰһѧĸŸɲȱȫʽҲܹڻͨ´ӣʲôҿǷѵѵ㡣
⻰һ˵꣬ѾɳһȭȴɡͨȭһСڻġ
Ҫ֪ɵ书㡣϶⡰ڻġ֮ʽձ֮ҰڹṦǲͰݣ˭֪һֵʽƽʱͷ֣һ趯һ߹ЦСӣҵʲô˲õԭɵ׼ҵӣʦ˭ǻͨʦǻʦ
Ƴʼɮ֮ƣͥˣΪӣ꽨ĵŷ·µĹϵҲã뾩ʦ֮ǰѾдŸʱµطʦҪɮӦʦĵ֮֮ģǲʱһĸǰ潨ĵ۽˵صĽʿµ࣬Щ˵˴˵֮ѾΪ֧һ֧ȻɮɣںݽһɽϽһԺҲɽ֮Ϊɽһ֧ͻףȢӣٵ٣̵ḷ̌ũũֵӣͳΪɣҲң֮סɽµַɿջʦҰ˵˶ͽܣ˲ٵ׼ҵӡ
ӢǹһЦ²¿
˵ŻһСԳ˹ȥȭǳһߣҪֱֱߣ֫磬վ綤̩ɽںëӢϰãȻ޷죬ˣǶǵȭȻҰѾ޷ʩչղһˡ
Ӣܴ˼ȭ֮󣬺ȻȭΪƣһбҰҼȥΪ顣
Χ۵Ľ˽֮࣬ңĸŸɣһƸջȺ˾ɡ̫ơеġ紹
⻰û䣬Ӣֹһƣ˽е棬ⲻǱš֡еġƼǶôô᣿
˵һɵӡ
ӢѾ˶ʮУȴ߸ɵ书ʽ˵Χ۵ĽҰҲԽԽۻȫŪСӵǺ
ӢôãȴԼѧ书࣬Ӷȫѹͨʹãȶ࣬ҲƵУԶҰɺ׾ű䡱ҲǼṦӦˣЩ书ʽǸɵʵսɱģһйкδһַδƵǵ˱УֻҪѧ͸ˣʵս飬Ҳ䲻УԼһһеʹãǾ֪ѧҾɱѪսŷḻѧ֣͸ûʲô
һ㣬ӢֿҰİֻ书̩ɽԼֵĿĺ֮£˵ףȻһӣҲùˣҲҺҴģʮ֮ڣҾͿԴ仨ˮ
ҰȻ֪СӴѧĸ书ҲѾ֪Էѧòȱȫѿ˵ʤСṦǲԼûʤİգҪ˵ʮ֮ʤԼ򲻿ܵ¡
¶ʱЦСӣôĿúãҪʮ֮ʤңҰ͹ͷүүҪˣҲùԹԹͷүүҲҴġ
Ӣ֪˽ҰҲЦľͶģҪˡ
һ䣬Ȼ˫Ƶӣ粨ΰӿȴ̩ɽɡʮơеġǧ塱


 272 ţС
⡰ʮơǡ嶾šмصȫѧʽҷΪƭȡӢܵΣҲʵָ˳ǡʽ֮⣬⡰ʮơѧȫˣһʩչ̾ʲŵʽͬ
ҰֻƷңοƺֹݣؿڱƷѹҲеһƣǰﻹʩչһ󾪺ֻתΪأԼǰ糵ְĿ裬õ˱Ƶ̫
ʱӢֺȻ߸ԾףҰͷ֮ϣұһӣѾĳƷХֱҰǡ
һУǡʮơеġ̩ɽѹҰʱѾеһ֪һҪʵˣԼﻹڣȻľ֮£ֻôæſһȴӢܵСȥΧκֻ֮ҪܹˣԼΣվǽˡ
׵ƷȷӢƴʽǲͬ⡰ʮơ̩ɽҲϵ˶ֻô˷ƽ⣬С̩ɽѹָ֮һС綯ɡҰǼͷۿŵӢܵСȴȻڿмķһ͵һȻܹǼѾҰĸǰһƳؿ
ҰƷ˱仯һӾ͵Լǰɫ䣬Ҳңһ֡ƽССϰٴ˵ɱѪսԵеؾ鼫ǷḻۿѾ޿ɱܣȻİһԼǰ뵲סӢܵһơ
ӢܸղҰԹһȭѾ֪Լǿڴˡذǰ磬ԼһǻڰϣһܹҰؿڣֻ¾ҪȻ׺ᡣ֪ԷʲôˡĶ£ԼƵĿҲֻ֣
ʯ֮䣬ӢѾ˾Ϊצһץǰϡ
һѰù
ҰҲǾǿὫԼˣ˫ס֡
һӣ˾ʹӱɱˣӢŰҰ˫־ֵߣ˶ڷԼǰ
ֻһԱΧ۵ؽ˳еؾơӢȻֻǵձԵУҰȴ죬һŷʴѾǵͨ죬ǰҲӢôҰۿžҪˡ
ӢܴʱҲҰѾƴȫԼӲᣬԷȻ˲ɣˣЦúãҪӣȥǡ
˵⻰ͽһգҰȫԼǰʱȻʧȥ˶Կ֮һգȥˡһˤڵϣѹ˵ʯ壬Ƥ񣬹˼º㽫ȫжֻЩƤˡ
ҰһǻңǱĴӵӢܱ΢Цǲǻȹ
ʱȴҰ㶵һ׹⽥СӣҴ򲻹㣬ˡ
˵⻰ȻڵϡˡĿһͷ
ӢܼȻ׺ᣬԸֱˬ˲֪ͷ֮ҪСүүҲ̫͹ȥĴ磬ղŴĶĶģ档
˭֪Ұȴһ˦ֱ۵䣬ӮӮղҪǲץһûˣΪҲ֪ĵķڷүүӡ
˵ŵֿͷӢүү
ڽһװ԰ԵģֿһġɱǡҰȻһİ۷Χ۵һڽ˶¶˾񣬸ȴֻҰȻûʲô֮£ƽʱп˳۵ľҪ߽ʮûٵˣЩв¶ʮ˱׵Ķˣ˴ùǿͷǽүүģȻ
Ұͷ֮Ҳû˵ϵ󲽾ԺȥƬ̾͵Ⱥ֮УֻáӴһǰһˣݶһ󡰻ʯ죬ȴҰ¶Ц֮ɫһʱգ߷һˣץԺ֮ϡ
ȵҰ߳˴ԺһɽʿΧ˹Ͻ¶ȵЦݣдĽдĽ˶ύҪ֪Ӣܿǳûʲôţܹսʤպġɱǡ书֮ߣ溧ˡֻڽϷͷļҲδĶָ֣տɴڲʶʶָʱ
ΧĽˡӢҲǺЦӦʵʦȻǱտڲ𣬸˸Ī⡣
˾¥÷Ӣܾͳ˵Ľ㡣˶ƽɣԱԼţӢĵļţЩ˵ȣԶǡ޹ˣЩ
̷̩ɽΣ֮䣬˵ϣȻȻЩȴû˵ֻ֣һͣǾǷǾᣬԸ˵Ӳ˵£ȻԶ˴ԾϷҪ˳ЦɡɵðЦ
㷹͵ػԺޣһڽȥ˯̣ͨҪóԼĵӢȴ飬ɵǼλ˯һݹˣȻмӣ˸ϴˮ˽š
Ӣϴ˽ţڴϣȴԼԱλϵһȴһ
Ŵ˶ʮͣԼӦòСһϮѣ峤޳òǿ㣬ղźûԼľƣ֪
ʱûʲô˯⣬˵˵һҾֵλˡ
ͷڴͷȴû뵽ԼԱͷظֵԼ˵æҲһҾֵңң֣ղϯΧ̫࣬ûƣʧ֮
ӢܹЦϣֵֵýҪϡ
ôһ˵һһҾ˵üǣºݺ罣Ź飬֪ܲܺｻѡ
ӢЦʲô˲ģҪǿϣȻѡ
ǹԸҰʱһݺݣӣڶԼ֮ǫʱһܳĸоһҾ֣Ҿ͸ˡ
ӢЦЦ֣ղҿǳ˵ӣʲôΪѵ¡
ԣҡҡͷΪѵֻУֻЩĻ䡣
ӢܵŶΪΣ
ֳһʵ˵СܱǺݺ罣ŵҸ콣ʱμӹ齨ġηɷ弰ԶѪսսҲЩСѾʮͷںݸһҲе֣λΪ﹫ѡСһ֮п˺ڣ˵㲻﹫УΪҲܹһأΪƷʹݣЩһֱ䳡Ϲս书֮ϣ˵ЩѾ븴ԵŴɵĵӣѾĻ䣬ղּ֣֪ԼʵǾ֮ܡ
Ӣܵǿлǿ֣һɽһɽߣˣҲ̫⣬в㣬ٿʮ꣬Ҳһˡ
ҡͷֲðοң书ҾʮҲǸϲϵġ
Ӣ֪Լȷѭ򽥽ĳ˿ɱȣҲͲٶ˵ˡ
ʱȴ֣֣Ӧ츮Ӧòֵİɡ
ӢҪʹѯ飬֣ʵҺһҲǴСȴɽ֮УԶԳͥ²֪飬˾ǣ֪﹫֮£Ҫһ
Ҳ֪Դ˵书ȴ񼮼ȻȥûڽߣһЦԭˣ֣治СҪϲˡ
ӢܵŶʲôϲ£
Ȼ﹫ˣ֣ɵĽʸ֣˵ʵ书ʽӦ֮ϣԳҰǻӦÿһ۴ƣ֮Уɵ׼ҵżꡢɵʵ¡̩ɽɵӿװ֮ɵĸַ壬书֮ϣ븴ԵȻ⻹ʮɵĵӣǵ书͸ˣ֣ˡҶԣӢǱȲѡӵģж֮ȴ֮ϣҲ﹫ƫƫϲˣ۴࣬㿴ˣ֣﹫ңĵһ˶֮þ˼һҲǼѣԵִּܹˣֻȫңӶҪĽ㡣


 273 
ӢѾȢһļìأﻹǵڶֻǶңƷȤʹ⣬һأȻ죬װɵװҲ﹫ϣ⻰Ȼܸ˵ֻǹһЦңүȻҪӢֶʫʸ踳黭ʲôģҿɲУҿɲУܹʹ٣ǲ
벻书ǿȴ޴־Ҳǰ̾Ϣֻ֣ͼһƷҿԶ϶оųɵϣ
Ӣܵˣ֣˵ǳԵһˣжѡ
ҡҡͷûˣǡԪʥ֡ɽ𵶡Ⱥǹ嶼ңһ书֣飬ЩѾ߰˸̨ˣұҲȥģԸǵĶ֣ʹ⣬ֹҲĸǿأ֣Ӧǵ
ӢܼԼģЦ˴ϣ֣ĵ˯ɣһ磬Ҫǰȥ
״ӦһҲ˴ϡ
һҹ˷˵ڶһ磬Ӣܾ˴¥˼࣬Ӣֽķźá
Ȼ
ƥ˺ȡȴηηֱˣ˺һ󣬲Ÿۡ
Ӣܼǹһ£֣ǰбûУ
С
ȻУǰ֣м̣ϰıȫң֣쿴֣ΪֻȭƹôñˣáҴȥǡ
˵Ż
Ȼǰ·Ĵ֣͵һǰдǡǾ֡
˸һǰкλүҪʲôֵıʲôȫ
һ˵ţһ߽
Ӣ˽ȥȴһܶǱӣ˷ŵǹꪡᡢ桢ޡﵡץáաǴʮ˰桢ǹĸԧᡢҴ̡ŽޡȽʹõı
ǻƶЦүҪʲôĻǶ̵ء
ӢܵҪһѵ
ǻƵд󵶡ӵŻͷµҪһ֡
һ˵ţһ߽ӢҲһܣȻŵȫǸֵ
ӵµǳӢȻһѴԣ̫ᣬǲ֣ȥŻȴ񣬵ſףŽ𻷣ȻڽԷ죬ƾЩƣӢӴ֮ʱнײ֮Ⱪ¶١һѵīɫģγȴһѩ񱳱УȫǾݣȴһѹͷ
Ӣϻ˻ΣֳֻأǡʽеֵҪ£ȴ֣ùͷƺвס
ӢһŶΪʲôָ̡
ѵ֪ͷųƣƤһ˽죬ǲô֮áʹô˵ߣ⣬Ǵҽĵˣ·ɽеͺú֮ãݣĵȻˡ
Ӣôһ˵ʱЦʲôݣ⵶ֻҪãʲôõģƣҾҪͷˡ
ǻǣү۹⣬ѵҼϰþԴɵģȻ˵࣬ȴãл
Ӣܵæ㻹ѡһõس
ǻˣæȥһһɫʵĳүҲҼϰԽϺõľģһ
Ӣܽγʱһˮˣ֪Ǳýʹӻͳ˶͸ǸңȡǻȡһһһŸڱϡ
ǹϾȻһһֲͬıԵôǲײ࣬ƽδֲ˵ʲôкһ߳˱ӣ򶫳ǵ䳡ȥ
ڽд˺һ󣬷˽ϡ͵䳡ȴһĿյأǰһ̨ԲŻɫ죬ľ֮ͷܶΧǧգ̨Ͽ
ӢܼǸ̨ϴʱڱȶһʮ£һѣĿ࣬һǹÿһУȻ缲භģȴһŰ£ʮ꣬еģò𪿡꣬ıȴһȡ
ڲԶȴΣһλÿţˣʮͣұߵһ˴źڰĽ£ͷ죬ƤڣһףȴһѾŻ󵶣뵶ȴǴмһˣҪԴһЩ뼰أòţһƣ˫ȴûʲô
ӢܲȺϹۿӢ̨ӣ֣ϲ̫ˣҸܽܡ
˵һָ̨ųǹӵҸ˵Ĵ˴θ԰ѹصڸ֮һǹ壬ʹʮ·滨ǹ仯ˣѷý
һָұŽ𵶵ӵǾǡ𵶡Ⱥ׳ɸյʦܣֻƢ̫ãһҪŭԴºŽ𵶡
Ӣ˵ţʱںݳгεʲô컢ʱľǽŵӣǵȷпȡ֮͵˵ͷ
мòһָ˵˾˲ة˾Ÿĵӣʦ֣Ԫʥ֡ɽȭ˫ˣңĸ֮һλȻֳԣûгֻ֣Ҫܹһһǹƽ֣ˡ
Ӣһͷ̨ʹȵ˭
˻ͯڽмˣЩҿҵ书ֻв֮䣬вǻġ
Ȼ⻰˵ûжą̃ѷֱ֣۶ǹԽԽǹӰ죬籩һ㣬ͯȸͽڣǹƣ̨϶ڣǱ
ֹУֻǻ˵һСˡ
ǹһ䣬綾ŰĴ̳ǹֻáꡱǹѾǹͯǰػ˼ӣŪã¶һƤѪֻۣ˷ִ磬ûܵˡ
ʱ彫ǹһգЦǹ֮ͯǺһһҲ˵ȭһҾһؾ̨ȥȻȺһƥͳ۳䳡


 274 У1
ʱֻǻ彫ǹڸ̨һȦһѲӣһߵʱԾˣɻλӢԸ뻪ĳһ֡
ӢܼսȺͨգҲнˣĬû˸ȥӦսղżǹ֪ͯǲһЩûбĽȥ˷ѾҲֲۿô죬ȴһֱûȥܵ˻ûʲôϵĿ֮±ŪǱպ߽ʵⱻΪЦ
ǻڸ̨֮飬̨ȻЩ¶Ҫսɫջų̂ȥ
֮ʱҲ¶ʧ֮ɫң꿡ֻЩôⳡԣֻǰˡ
ŻǱǹҲǽȭҧôһ˵ͻӱ۴˭˵ûУһ
ǻѰʱ˹ģ΢ЦλĪԣǾ̨
ңλӢԴ
ôһ˵̨̨µ˶ӢȥȴȻߴ뺷òİԲ֪ԴǺ
ʱڸ̨еġԪʥ֡ɽУӢ¸߳ͷĺȣɫȻһ䡣͵Ĵλվܿͳ»صλ˫ȴӢܣҲ֪Щʲô
Ӣܼ˵۹ⶼԼ̨֪ǲˣĺȵͷһһ㣬Ծ׶ߡȻһۣƮƮ˸̨֮ϣǻ
Ṧѷ̨һڽʿܱȣʱĺȲɡ
ǻߴ¶ôһ֣ҲһݣϸӢܣ
ӢҲѧŽʿǣһҾֵ¡
㣬жˡһݵˣ
Ӣܵ½ʮ꣬Сͱһλһֱڹɽɽɽϰ䡣Ҳ֪Լ
䳡֮ǰѾЩң֮ѡ᲻ŪѡߵҪɻأֻһ޷֤ݡ
ǻֵŶô˵㻹û񼮣ʦһλǰˣ
ӢܵṦãҲӦʦ֮ͽ
Ӣҡҡͷ֪Ҳûи˵
Ҳһ㶡㲢񼮣ֲ˵ֻ²ӦԵʸ񡣡
ʱȴ˵֣Ҳ޷ڸ˵ʥּ֮Уû֤һڣһأȻרŵĹԱ¡
ͷһȴ˵ǡԪʥ֡ɽ⽪ɽة˾Ÿĵӣһ书ޣңĸоŵǰʮλҹٷƷƽһڴڸ־ȣεس֣ĻȻܲ
»ɽȭһҾʾȻعͷǹһᣬӢܵıһһҲ֣Ӣܣõý
ӢʱȴתǡʽȻûùǷǳؾˣԼǷͷ̫¶Ҳδһ£⻪ͽಫʵʤʹõɡ
򻪷һҾԻЩȭŹ򻪴ֽֽ̡
Ҳû뵽бȴҪԼͽಫЦһúã˰գٵơ
˵⻰ǹһ٣һʽȻһӢܵǰһǹֿȣҲûС
ӢʱѾ֪ȭŹԼûжٴ򶷾֮ǰԲʹ̫ӣ½´һ̩ɽɡʮơеһС±ɽ塱˫֮ΣұۼһŻ῵ǹȥ
屾ԱܿһƣԷʮ꣬ҲЦ󣬷ǹһᣬӢܵӭȥ⣬ֻһоͽ̨ȥصĻᡣ
ǹӢܵʱഥҪݶ˭֪ȴоԷһ˰ӿ˫ǹػڴ˫۶ʱһ飬ǳǹҪֶԵеľ鼫ǷḻһɣֽǹӢתһԲȦȻỮȥ
һõü˿ֻΪǹƱ仯ӢҲŵġ𵶡Ⱥ롰Ԫʥ֡ɽ¶꣬˴֮Ϊ˽⣬óһУ֪ǱԷƣȺɫ䣬ɽȴ
ǻһ֮һСӣȻЩŵٽҼǹԡ
˵Žеĳǹһչǹʱˡءľ죬ǹͷҲһΪΪģΪˣһǶ滨һ㣬Ӣǰң顣
ԭ⻪ǹҲǴŮܷ滨ɽĸڣȻԼսɱвƣŴʮ·滨ǹǹ籩꣬ǹӰ滨ǹǹ簴èǹ綷У⣬ᣬ˵ǳ
Ӣܼ彫ǹʩչʽ֮ǡɱǡҰ֮ϣһʱóȻʩչɺ׾ű䡱Ṧķ˳ǹƣΧתȦֻżһУҹֱƽ
չ֮䣬ѾʮУȻûӢܵӣȥҲǸƽ֣ˣͷ֮ˣԵ·Ǿ֪Ѷ˵ĺá
һˣȻִһǰһۣӢܽһߣûôˡ
ôһƽӢҲ˻ᣬ⡰滨ǹһЩ仯ҲЩ˽⣬ҲһȣʮơеһСǧῡѾʹ˫ۻչûˣǧأصһƿһƣһƳһơ
ԷȻԼζˣȴһһƵĲͣԼǹеľҲ޷չֻסơ
ӢʱԡʮơѾõԽԽϤһŲһСƱɽѪӳաȥ
жǡʮơеڹбƵеʽӢܴʱֹעȫ徹һļƵýڽںˡ
ʱȴӢܸ߸Ծ𣬸һ£ҰùС̩ɽѹֻҪ⻪ҰǹСΣôһС綯ɡͿƵС
˭֪⻪屾ϽһУѾµ滹ɱţȥ¸ӼǰһȻתǹͳıĴȥһСǹ


 275 У2
áǹӢһС綯ɡѾ޷óﲻ˼Ȼһʩչɺ׾ű䡱ڿҲ۳ߣ˻ǰֱһ죬ѾץסʺֻҪһҪ
Ӣܴʱһĺ̺ٽ
Ȼ֪뺷飬һ̾ҲסǹعʤˣҲĶ֡
˵žһҾ֣ص߿ŵλϣҲһԲ
Ӣܻˡǹ壬Ǿ˵ֿɿ̨µİ뽭˶׷׺ŲʣнеģȻǹ顣
ʱмġԪʥ֡ɽӢܵʮơ롮ɺ׾ű䡯书ͦӰֻƺѧòȫ
Ӣ֪㺬ЦҾֵʦ书㲩ýֻ̫ѧʮ֮һ׳ˡ
ұߵǡ𵶡Ⱥ˿վɽһҾֵˣһСӵжٽ
˵һеؽ𵶡ҪӢܹȥ
ɽҲˣʤλģ£ñ
ǶȺҲԼ뻪书ֻڲ֮䣬ȷδǴ˵ĵ֣ȻƢҲһϽĿ֮£ǱôһʮܣƤȷǹҲסְֻڣֲܲǰӦԣ˾ôһ˵֮ԸӦһһߡ
ɽߵӢܵߡܹʤˣչǿͨԵģټˣһʱдд裬֪Σ
Ӣ֪⽪ɽֱȻǻܱȣҲǰ裬Ǿ뽪ָˡ
ɽ΢Ц滹ЩӢ̨ٱһδⵢʱ䣬Ǿգɱٹơܹס̨ϡͿͨԽμһĸԡ
ӢܱͷҲã뽪˳аɡ
˵Ž̤֣׼Ӧԡ
ɽʱʼָֻᵽǰһˡ
䣬һӢܵػֿȡûʲô֮
ӢܼҲԼƻ˹ȥֻڿʱ֮ײһ𣬶ʱˡžһ죬ƾһ˵ѷ޶Ϊ֮һƮ
ӢֻԷһǿ͸ԼӿȻңԼȫܹʱ̫¶Լʵ˵ֻҪ̨ܹϾУһ
ǽɽѾʮ깦һƣҲ˺һСҲǰֵȻڶˡ
˵һƻӳӢٴξƽסഥеһǿЩȻԼܹܵķΧ֮ڣһ
ɽһѾԼľųֻܽԷһ뽭λ˵ʵѾˣٲ飬ѾϢķ
ȻȴǰƵĿ켲ΪͬǻӢ֮ഥʱǿϺһĲӿòҶԷĻһճ·ҪڵŰݡ
Ӣ֪Լƣ⽪ɽƱȻҪǰݽǲˣҲᱻɳԶҲãһ۵ʱǰӿ
ɽһƻơ֮˾Ÿѧؾѧʮ꣬ƽٶʹʱѾӢΪУԳΣ˳ӷ֪֮ҪȻͬСɣ˿⣬ҲǰԽʮ깦һ֮ϡ
Ƭ̼ײһ𣬽ɽֻұһ𣬸ؿ֮һѪڣҲǺȻ󾪣ǴݶֻֿһǺؼԽԽƣ˫Ҳ΢΢ˡ
ǻ붡Ⱥ֪Լλͷ˾ǿأҪӢܱ׼Сӳ󣬵ǰֻǽԷһڴʧһʹȴһ䣬ѷһӢܾȻһɣƹܴڸ־ȵĻƽȴв֧֮״һǰһġһȻԼͬվ
Ӣܴʱһʹ֮мϸԼУȵɽƻأȴһһӣˣֱ߰˲վȽţȻɽһҾ˺ý
ɽѾǿ֮ĩ֪ԷټһƣԼ̾ҪѪˣû뵽ˣһסԼ棬ǸмǾ֣ѾҪ棬ҲԸٶ˵ʲôֻһҾ֮ǿʵڳϣң֮Уֻ޳ң㹻ʸȥμӸˡ
˵⻰ʹӻͳһɫƣӢܵϵƣھͿԵȥŹ٣֮Ȼ㰲պĸԣǺڡ
ӢǰӹƣԹй̨˵һƬһԾ£ȻϺȣϵܹأæҾϲӢǹڣҲٴ䳡˴ǣصջ緹ȡ˰ڽֹһ󣬲ȥ
ǹھ֮רŽӴظ߹ܵĵط޽üǻԫһ׶޴ʯʨΩΩФ
Ӣźȵ˴⣬ͼһ׵ʿǹһźۣͷɴĹپ̨ϵĴŴȴһֻ豭
Ӣܹ̱һʿǰȵι⺺ӣӦ츮䣬ɲ䣿
Ӣԣ䳡ͨ˳ԵĽʿμӸԡ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹӻͳ˽ɽԼɫ
ʿӹƣɫʱͻæ̨ףƵݸĹ٣Ĺٿһ̨ۣףϸӢһۣ΢Цţӣʲô֣
ӢһҾֵӢܡ
Źֵ˵ͷӢܣұ£Ҳԣǳѡһˣ㻹ϵɣҽա
˵Ѿת̨ףӢܾǣźȽ
ǹ䣬ȴ԰һ㣬͸ͨģɽѵ̲𣬹̣ʱɼ¥̨ͤӳС
д˺һԾŴӢܽһԺӣƨɺͳһԿͳеһѣš


 276 
Ժӣȴһļ䷿ݣеСݣСԱ߻һϾ
ǣӢָԾмķݣŲûһƾͿˣȴһֻż辰뼸ſΣĻң߽ſͨ
ԾһָӢܣҡ
˵ָָߵ鷿ǱߣīֽһӦȫҵȻԻһСרź㣬ҪдʲôģԽ
ӢæһҾֵԴˣɽҰˣˣʵźġ
ԾЦǿɲɣ϶бӢۺľأѡʼ֮ǰ˷ԸҪӴοʲôţҪ֪ͨǵġ
Ӣôһ˵ȻƴˣǾ͹ˣлԴˡ
Ծͷⶼǻϵʥľɲлҡ
ӢܵˣԴˣβμӸԵһж˰ղһ·ôûмǣ
Ծĸʮλ꿡ͨ䳡ϳԵĵһʮλԼʦ߳סڶԺʱڼӽΪĸ׼ǿǵģšȻͼˡ
˵⻰ӢȻΣüţΪػᡣĽʶʶЦӢܣǶԣǱˣʲô¡ֻܸ˵һչչġ
ӢҲԾֺ֮⣬΢ЦһҾֵǾͶлԴˡ
ԾҲֻһ˵˼ȵĻӢܸ˴ǣԺȥ
֮󡣡
ûãһʮС߽ԺӢ밲䵹ͦģӢһʣ֪и
ԺֻһӢܾ˳ȥһСĴ
䵱ĴֱһСʱûмͷľԽԽԽԽ࣬ȥһƬɭ֡
ӢܼûʲôҶ̺ƽʱӦ˼һȻСдУûþҵһյأ˫һ죬Ѿγ˸Ĺͷ볤
ԭȥǡʽֻ֦棬һȻҪһ˳˳֡
ֳֳֵֽӡʽĵһСޡ𣬸һʼ͸е֮仯֮Ѿ͹ȥһˣҪúõϤǡ
ȵʽˮСŭξѩǧҡ¡ããӢۺڡȫһ飬ѾСʱңҲЩĵãɫӦʱˣʹҴҵĴԭ·ԼСԺ
յСԺ֮⣬ͼվſڴһؽ
ӢܹʱҵĴү㵽ȥˣѾŵʱˡ
Ӣ΢ЦĴȥ˹䣬ãȥɣǰ·
ʹӦһһȥӢܾš
䴩һ󣬾͵һűߺǽķԣһ˽ȥȴһİٸƽĴͺľƹһԼаӣʱŵĲռ֮һλãһЩĹԱҲһЩɷòʵ꺺ӣԱ߶һλУĿȵߣЩȻǸѡıܳӺǵʦˡ
Ӣܵһ۾ȥѰǣһɨʱһȴ͹װ֮һ𣬲˶ţּ˺ӣԵ࣬û⡣
ǣ뵽αװӢܵоͳһŭ˫ȭ󣬲Ҫǰȥʣȴ̸𶡺¹Լ龰ԼѾӦһξͷŹǣܲŵԣοҪǽʹӽɽ֦ⷽǣʱɡ
ʱǸȥһλ۳ѣС˵˼͹ЦŵԴүԼѡλȻϺþƺò˵ģСľȸǵˡ
һ˵ţһ߾˳ȥ
ӢܵȸһߣߵһǽûһһС˹ϰһ꣬ȻүЩʲôˣӣֻҪܹóǾͿ
ӢܵŪУһþơ
С˴ӦһȥˣûãͶһĲйȴˣһ鼦һ̽¹ΣһˡһһðƿʢľƺһɵľƱ
Ӣܼ⼸ýʮ־ϸ֪Ź˵ּҪƴ·ܵĻȻ飬ƿһ£ʱ㣬ʴڵ̩ɽǡѩ족֮¡
ţȻоԱߺڿ̧ͷһȴһŴͳɫۣĿʣʮԼǱˣǵʱԼֵɵĴʦ½ͥԱһʮ꣬ĿݣŸһŽմ룬һϮۣȻʦɵˣҦԪվûʦ֡
Ӣ֪ʱԼȻףȴ޷ڣ½ͥԼ˽ȻϡѾϳˣ΢΢һЦ
½ͥ龰Ȼ£һֱ˼ǸӢܵڼҸʲôռһòξӢܼƣֻһף֮УȴԼһЦ͵˹ȥһҾֵλ̨½ͥմǺԵһᣬ֪ǲǣ
ӢҲЦһҾֵ½磬Ӣܣȷһġ
Ӣܡ֣½ͥʱп࣬Щ븴Եʮ֪һһıȽϹԼ书Ƕڲ֮䣬Ҫ빫עɵİգһԣԼɵİնѾûˣǵù֮ù֮
ȻôţȻȴû˿ı¶¶ϲ֮ɫѽԭ㣬벻ҲˣððǺϼ
һ˴˵ע⣬˶ϲӢܣһۺ󣬵ȻûʲôӦȻʱǡۡװ֮Ҳ˹ͬʱϳӢܣ˵ϽǴ䣬ֻȴǲһ
۵һ˵ʦ֣㿴ǰСӺӢܣ㲻˵ƺԣˡ£ں޽ôôˣ½ͥ֡ӢҪһЩĪֵܡ


 277 Ů1
ǼӢܣеȻڹ֮ϣһϸһһǵɫһǸܿʦãҿӢСӣĺѾˣȻҪһЩ
ɫһһӵĳˣ£Ϊʹ˼ΪλҹȻμ﹫ѡ֮ˣУҪȥûģһӡ
װ֮Ϊ°ӢܣܹȢޱǧĵ﹫Ҳֲܹ֮ޣֳǰ̩ɽɴս̵绹ĿԼȲϵģæҲʦô崿ȴСףӦø𣬹ʦСºδ֪ʦΪһУ㻹ȥ˳ԣ̩ɽȥҶʦá
ôһ˵ɫֺͻһЩ˵ͷҪȥӢܡ
һֱڳĬţҲ֪ʲôʱŵʦã˵
ȻҪĻ
ǵŮ֮£ԸҲǿãҪôǰȥʣʱôĽˡδԵ̩ɽ̫ˣ£һһᵥ̸ģԸ⡣
Ҫ֮λ˶̩ɽվдҲֻˡ
侲뵽ҪǲӢܣ̩ɽɵҵѾһеĵҲһѪȵشɱ
ɵóһ̾һȻĵֻǿֳĵĺӣȡ
˵˷һۣһ䡰ҵࡱû˵ˡ
ȴû˵ĻֻӢǱߣƺ˼ʲô
ʵӢҲһֱƳŷǱߣǵĿɫ֪ѾϳԼҲûзϣȻ½ͥϻҪӦȥ
ߵһ½ͥȻʦ˵Լʦ֮£ӢֻܸһС䣬ɫǰơ
Ӣܶ½ͥͶֻԺһЩƣͿʼ÷һͽһţȥǣȴѾ뿪ˡ
ǰ桢Ӣ½ͥһ˴ҪָԻԺȴһ󡰺䡱죬ȥֻڲԶһʯĥʱһŮĥƶ
ӢܴʱֻܼŮӵرӰȴһϮɫ¾ɵسȹ㷢ƣֱʣƮԵЩģӦһŮɡ
ȻŮĥת˹ӢһžпϧֻŮӴԼʮ߰ͣ׼ŵĹִؼѩ֬һȴ˺˵ϰߣһ𽴵һ㣬ѾƲˣòֻÿɲݡ
ʱӢȴŮƺѾûǿǿԽԽĥ۶һλƶ֮ȴҲ߲ˣȴŬҧƴʯĥľˣת
ƵӢܽüͷһ壬ҲǣôһŮֱ¡
½ͥԱߣһ֣㲻ҪѾͷǱֱţƢȴֳӲ֮ǰڷö˲ˣ򵹷ˣҵһѸմͱŪˣ˵䣬ȻҶ죬̫ûأڱЩֻǻá
ӢܼŮʱڷʯĥʯĥ˸Ƶ˿һ˹ȥ㡣
˵Żľȥסֻһƣʯĥת
˭֪Ůǵ飬͵һƵЩˣҲʵĹģ
ݺȣɷö
ӢܱôһƣҲһ㶡
ʱ½ͥ״ʱֻ֣Ҿ͸˵ˣѾͷƢŹֵý֪˰ɡ
ӢʱѾƵŮȴһ˫ˮ鶯峺ƺܼͦ촽ƺҲСɺֻϰʵ̫˶ģֻ´ֻһ۾ͻͷȥ
ӢȻ뺷Ӳ˼ȴһϸ壬Ůģȥ˵һŮΪϺȻѿϰ߲Ż䡣
ȻԵ飬ȴıʡһˣ֮ģ½ͥĻм֮⣬дǲ죬½֣߰ɣﻹ¡
½ͥŮһЦȴֹȻģ¾Ͳٴˡ
һ˵ţһҾȻ뿪ˡ
ȵ½ͥ뿪Ӣܾʹӻͳ˶͸ԼǸңȫȡ˳ȴʣңӦùͨһ֮ã͵ݵǰĴػǲɣЩţԼҪʲôȥվ˶㲻ãٴȥҲǰ취⻹ЩȥС⣬Ҳǿöࡣ
˵⻰Ѿ⣬쵽ȥ취һЩ̡衱ǮһŮ
ָ֪쵽Ůĸǰȴһץʹڵϣ˭ϡǮԼܹԼ
벻ŮƢȻ½ͥ˵ֳӲľǿһйŮӣӢܲûֻǽʰ·Уôᵽĸĸأ
ŮҴСûиĸûֵܣʲôûУÿ
һ˵ţһ߾ȥʯĥ
⻰Ӣжʱһ뵽ԼСʱȻһûиĸֵܣٻѶа¶櫣ʳǣǱŮǿˡ
һˣһ̾һŮȥĬĬĥŮֲͣ˵Ҫˣ
һӢţȴһԲӿ첽ʯĥת÷ɿ죬Ůֻһţȴ䷢Цһӡ
Ӣͬľ֪˳ܹ¶ܲ˽ټΪòԵʣ˰۶γԱԸҲΪоϲ˶ģĥĵĶӿˣԱľͰһһСȫˮС滹һĶӣһѵĿǺĵιӿˣ˭˵ڰ㣬ֻҴûƹĥú͸ɡ
Ůһ˫һȴʲôû˵Ͱȸĥ۶ｽЩˮȻЩƶȥ


 278 صĻФ
Ӣܼ̬ƺһЩҲǸˣĥƵ÷ɿ죬Ƕ֭ԴԴϵĴʯĥһ档
ȵŮĥ۶ˮӢܵҽӢܣʲô֣
Ůٿֻǵʹͷҵֲ㲻Ҳա
ӢܶʱЦŶĪǽСǽС
ŮҲӹһ˿Ц⣬ҡҡͷҼȲСҲСҲûգС˾ͽҳ
Ӣ֪ϵϰģиһ̾ȴЦʵҲ
˭֪⻰һŮɫȴһ䣬ֻǲڰؼҡ
ӢŮ˼ΪУ˼ܹԼͱ˲ûʲôͬЦҡͷЦЦ
ǳʱЦʲôЦԭȻʲôö
ӢʱɫǿЦﲢĶ󡣡
㵹˵˵
Ӣܵһ仰ɽڸߣòϽ⣬ڵʵ̫࣬Цų㣬Ŀǳֺ̫࣬αںԼòǳ󡣡
Ӣܵػ̧ͷһ㡭ôģ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֮ͬҲΪҵǾáԼò̹ȻһЩЦݣǲǶƲõĻ
ĬĬš
˸ͣҲ֪ʲôһŵĻҶ֪ˣǿЩĥɣҪˡ
Ӣܾһĥһߵ㵱ѣһȰһ䡣֪ԸԸ
ʱȤˣ˵˵
Ӣܵһ仰ʶʱΪܡ͸㣬ĿǰĴ˵̫ǿʵڲʲô¡ֻԼܿ࣬Ȱʱ˳ܣͻٰһЩҲЩֻ
˵ͷҲ˵Ŷԣղ˵Լʲô
ӢܵӢܡ
ֵӢܣ˸أ͵ǻ˵
ӢЦЦ̸ϻ˵ֻұճꡣථЩʣԿ
ǳŵղ˵ҵͬôҲһ¶ô
Ӣܲ˵̫࣬ͷҵȷҲһ¶
˵⻰ȴһᣬĸȻϣȴѸоִĸ֮飬УԼֻǶһ¶Ҳ˶١
һҲֿġˣμ﹫ѡ״ô
ӢȻĵҶ﹫ûʲôȤֻʹЧͶӡ
ǳʱһֵ﹫ûȤ˵ңصһŮҿҲѵͲһ㵱үһΪЧͰ
Ӣֻ֪˵ֻĵֻЦЦȴشǳۣҲʡ
һǰͰƶĥˣӢܼһĶ֭޷ߣ͵ⶹ֭Ҫ͵Ұȥ
ǳãǲμѡ׵عҪֻһᱻ㻹߰ɣġ
Ӣܼ״͵˵ͷ·ԼסСԺȥ
ȻصСԺһƿţͼԺվһźۣθߴӣڸȣ˵Ҳ֣Ǻƽ˿ʱӸţʱͷȥʾȡ
Ӣܼˣ̴ʲôˣ
ĻȴתӢˣҲһֻʮңĸߴԼһͷƤײڣһ縳룬ٿʣȴԨͣţ˫֮ɢһ˵عâǲŭ
Ӣһ֮УҲĴЩҲиƣ˭޷еݣռӣҲƱˣһۡ
ʱǺл˹ϸӢܡ˰Σ¶΢ЦһҾֵϷջФһϲ֮ͨղй֮УԺ˻֪ƥ룬񡣻λСֵܼ¡
Ӣܼӵ΢Цʱ崺ĸоһҾֵǰԭҲǰ֮ˡȷǷǰܹӽҲǲˡ
ǻФЦСֵܣѾ˵ˣϷһ򽻵ȻСҲǲʶ
ĻӢһݣŶ˵˵
ʱȴǻФһСֵܣôĵӰ
Ӣԣ֪ȻϳȵǷƭ̩ɽɣϳ˺ȣФ뷽Ӧòࡣ˵ȥҲ£ϳǺɷ֮Ҳ֮Уǹ֪ĵǰ⻰ʲô˼
ФһСֵܣǰҲװ㡣ǲ˽˻ϸʥɷؽأĺ
ȻԷѾָӢȻҲ޷װˣֻõ˵ͷȷǺɷĺҲеģѣԼҪҳްǿ֮
ǻФɫֺͻ˵ͷغνʶҪǿҲԹԵĻֻ㽫޷ǹңϣʵһҲ
Ӣܵǰ⻰˵üǣ񿥣ûɽĬĬҲ̫ϧˡ
Фһ̾⻰ȷЩϷֻúõϧƴ
ӢܵͷǰĻһġ
ǻФһˣȡʲô֣
Ӣܵȡ
Фн飬һͷȣ㲻ף
˵ӢܵϷ򲻽ˣСֵܣԸһࡣ
ӢֻоФһص˵ͷðǾǰһࡣ
ǻФһϷûп㲢ңˣǲǣ
⻰һӢһǷͬСɣȻϵФƽ֮ˣȴû뵽ôȻһھ͵Լ
ӢܳĬǻФ΢ЦСֵܣ㲻þ棬ռ֮¼֮ѧеİܶġ
ӢܴСѧ˽֮ģȻФ˵ϣ¹һЦǰ֮֮һֻˡ
ФЦŵûϷ㲻ҲȻԵʶϷһ仰֪ԸԸ
ӢæһҾֵǰʲôֻ˵ϴ
ФסЦݣɫһ仰ǡƲƶбɷһ£ô
Ӣ˼һ仰˼˵ͷǰֻܷģ仰Ҽסˣƶ֮£һġ
ǻФɫһͷܹͺãСֵܣǸ棬ӦһҵˣΪΪΪ֮Ϊ֮
һ˵ţһ߾˳ȥȴ֮ˣӢıӰʵڻǲǴ˵еָԼƺ֪ĻФ̫Īˡ
һŻعȴһͼǸˣЩ죬滹һδļȣӢܣæԴүŻԲסϲǼӲҺ˼ƣЩ֡
Ӣһ⵹ûʲôһ¡
ǸԴү˵ʲô£
ӢܵһлФˣϲʶ
Ǹ㶣Фʲôˣû˵ǲסعԱա
Ӣ֪Ҳֻգ鵹еýʱǳӭϷ֮񸣶һֻʲôĻǲԶǿˡ
תһ룬ǳϵǿϰʵ̫ѿɲֻ²Ըѡ̣ǿĹҪԼúõȥȷǺѵġ
뵽Ѿһ뻻һźң֪вС
Ļ϶ʱһ䣬һӹ˵ϵԴүǲСʲôطˣдǧҪҵĹ֡
Ӣһѷ˭˵ˣҸղһˣͦģ̺ҡ
Ǹ˭
Ӣ֪֪ܵ
ʱԴү˵㣬㻹û۹⣬ǰòŵǹ˳ó˲˵ëëţүǶ죬㲻ΪʲôԴүҪ˵һû˵ǻֻ¹һ죬Ҫܲ


 279 Ƣĳ1
ӢҲ͸ϻ㽫һּҪ˺úýӴǣ뻻һź򶼲ôúãȥԴ˵˵ܲܰ졣
ˣ֪ôĺȥԾ˵һʱԼٲ˱Լȥ˵ĺãǳһʳ
±úúãԴүȥµ˵ǣ
һ˵ţ߳Ժӣҹµȥˡ
ӢҲݣԺתתȴԱ䷿һңһСЩ򵥵ߣСס޵ĵطһȴһ׵ĳˮϴţһϾĲԶ
תһ󣬾ԺһʯϵţʱɫѾھйһ£ܷ㣬Ժ·һ㱡ɴ
գӢܺȻо죬Ҳڽҹ桢ҶٻѩáзֱӢL櫣Ҳǿ£ȴԼǺˣôңԶǰѾңһˡֱڣӰӶûпʵû֮뵽ԼһûκѶôĵģ˵ѾȥLѰԼҶٻһҲ֪ԼĺûУˣҲһ꣬۵Ľаְˣȴ޸ѩáĹӢܼŵ¶ҪһࡣֻҲæģҲãܹԼ˼ʵһЩᣬӢôɼòáǲǽϱˡĵȴ¶ͣĸ˵ǰһµ񣬻˵ΪԼ׼ġҲ֪жգС飬Ҳǳͬ£ĸ飬صúܺġ
ʱֳָĸĮòԼһûϢᵣģżӢ޷϶DNA֤ݷԼĸײģûиܵһĸһӦĸ׵ĴȰÿ뵽жһᡣ˫Ҳ΢΢ʪһڼž֮ʱһԼ뱯ˡ
ͷһƬңȴԺһϸĽŲӢ֪ǳˣϽ۽ǣվ
һȻӰһŻɫȹĳѾ˽ɫȴء
뵽ӢҲǴ飬Ĺ֪˼仹ůģԼȻܸĸܹܵѵĹػôԶȥԶ˵ЩЦһЦָһŮӵšǻФԼԣǰ䡰Ʋƶбͬǲ˵ջسɲ粨ͤȴնޣ˭˵ۣƶбػ𣬲һ䡰ɷһ£ӡУLʱȻɱˣұɱҲδضǸ֮ˣһ޷ѡ״̬ҲȥڣܹԼˣҲ֮롣
Ѿߣ˫Ӣܣģ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȷҽġ
һǽô
Ӣ֪УԼɫ̼ܵ΢ЦᣬղҼôصĴֻʵ̫ˣԲҪʵʲôģúϢһʱ䡣
뵽ȴ˭Ҫͬ飬˭Ҫµġ
ӢҲ֪ƢŹ֣ûϵŹֵ˵ĵزԼĺϢ飬ҪԼ£ӱҲǸӲжʱЩգҪ𣬵óպ˲ң뷨ͻʵ䷴ˣ°һѹסԼȻ΢ЦȻˣѾҲסɣҪ治ϰߣȥǣòá
ǳӢȻһͰ׵ӣɫ㻺ˣҼȻˣͰЩȥ
˵ֵסʲôط㣬йŮģԶ
ӢȻԼɵǺǺЦҡͷֻܷģҲ׵ġ
˵⻰ԱߵСһָɣҾס棬㵽ҷȥ
ǳȴǺ˵ͷҲã㻹ȥѵƵ
벻ȻָֻӢֻǰҡͷҴҵĽݣͳеĻʯ򣬻Ž͵ƣȥˣȻΪʲôûңｨ糧žԼ˴𰸣糧ˮ֣ңһأ㣬Ȼɣһ·յȫǸɲ񣬿ﲢûúˮҲֻӿãҲԽԹӦңȫĵ糧Ǻ˵վȴӦңʵѡֻǼ˵ļϡٵԭȴôŪģܹ뵽취Ͳ⽫ң¶ǰֻ¾ͲԸˡ
ţѾ˽͵ƣ鷿ϸϸĿһ飬ŶӢܵιӢܣ㲻˵ҪҺúϢǺãҾ͸һӣϢ죬ˮʲôľͽˣǴˣ˵
˵ʵӢóĳԱһЩɵĻûһţ˵ôߣɴʲô¶Լˣһͷƺһӳ˸̱˵Сˡ
Ȼ鵽ݶϣӢҲֻˣȴ͵ƽ鷿ϣһ飬
Ӣܼ״Щĵѵʶ𣿡
Ųͷһ۵ЩϵãЩϲãҵȻҪѧѧñ˵һֶʶɵ㡣
Ӣһο˵ͷô룬ȻͶˣʵ㲢ȱ˱ʷҲĳŮһĸ˵죬СҰޣ޸˻Ƶۡ⻹һ봺սʱˡŮ˱ǿ׳ϣͷϡɻƣƤ˵Ľźһӷ׳ǽڴִʮ˻û޳ȥܵǰȥ˵군ˣ군ˣŵûð亹Ͻô군ˡ
봺͸һȱ˲Ŵ˵ǳŮɫҽ¥ù
봺пϣͲˡΪɹǣԵǳӣΪ˱Լʹǰǣ봺˻ʺ󡣡
ˣ˵ͷţӢܣ㻹ͦѧʵġ


 280 Ƣĳ2
ӢԣʱЦʵʲôѧʣʫʸ踳黭ʲôһϲͨʷ¼ܸȤżһЩ
ǳֵ˵ͷһֵˣӢܣ뵽ȥ飬ȥˮϴ
ӢԼ˿ˣֱ֪˵ʲôãòѧӰӾľͷһֻֽһ죬Ȼ˵ū
ȻʲôӦ᲻Ծתһ룬Сܵ۸⾡˰۶˻ᣬȻ˵ζҲãܹ˵ţԼȻѾҪֻһˡ
ͳݣߵǸ׵ĳȼһյ͵ƣҵһľͰϾˮȻ˸ɲʹûЩ£ǻŪ߰˴Σһʱ͵ƣҿƸǣͩȫڲϣӽŽʯһֻ䡱һǻȼҲϨˡ
Ӣܲͣ񣬲ǲһ࣬ҲŨŨǺԣϢʱסǿĵȵˮ
ûãˮͿˡӢһ֣Ǵгɾ͸УҵƬҶסأһڵĴȥ·֮ʱȴ۾ԼƺʲôжʱһȷΪ֮
ȽݣĴҵһһСľ裬Ӣܾͽˮ˽ȥ̫̣ȥŪЩˮ
źˮŪˣϴ
һ˽ԼĻóһѩ׵˿ȥˮ£Ȼüͷе̰ôŪأУôҶ
Ӣ˴죬һлֶûеõĿ֮лЩ֮⣬Ȼա
ʱҲʶƢ˹Ź֣ͨ顣ѹԼҪбҪܹദѧʲǡ
ʾ˵ѧѧģҪһЩʱ䣬ԼҪûģǾǰˣ±ɫĵǺãȳȥˣЪϢš
㡰šһȥŸҴϡ
ӢܴӦž˳ȥŸغãߵԺЩǳźˡ
ʱҲȥ£ǳԺţֱĵطȥʱңﾭĥѣ֪뽫ǡʽ¯صزĻʲܴһЩ
ҹ˾ʩչṦһ͵ǿеĿյأӢܰϵһһŲԾǡʽҲһЩ书ֹУЩһϰһƲԼһйȥԷζܻ߽ԼӦı仯
ţкȻɳɳһ죬ڴ֮вߵ´ʱŪģӢܴʱȴһǲɫĽʽꡣȻȥҪԵûڿԼˣпܾǷǣԼţûʲôӦġ
ףӢһֱضΪ֪ﵽҶһṦٸߣЩҶ϶ܲġ
ȻߣǡɳɳһֱûͣȻ΢ӢܻǿĲ
һ󣬾ͼһ˺ϱĴӢ˹ȥȻһԾѾףվһ֮ϣ温ţֻҪͻԼ۾
Լֻһʱ䣬һһ˳ȻƲ˵ò뷽ǼƣʱӢּһһѾʮɵİտжǷǡ
Ǻ˵˴£ȴӢܵӰ٣ʱĴҺܿʶʲô̧ͷ
ӢҲأЦһ벻̩ɽɵžȻ͵͵ͷԵһ󱲣ЦЦ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹӿһԾ£Ǻ˵ǰ棬ʮ£Ũüۣ΢룬һϣȻӣȴǼʼ壬ֶκط˭
ǵȷҲǷǷ֮ˣӢܺȻֻһȻ΢Цܶ벻㻹ţһʦʯϵģʽǿϲɺذ
ӢȻԼܶٲȻһģжʱһģֻƤ֮УҲЦǣûһʧɣӦǺܺڣ֪ˣʯھӦôһһ
֪Ī鶾ҩҵʱȫޣСܹǷ˼ȷǴΪһʱ⣬Լôһ󻼣ȴЦܶ˵⻰᷽˼ˣҲʦʯĻôʵпԣֻ˵ǡеؾħؿھ
˵ֶһٵֻû뵽ĪĶҩôȥˣȻ֪Ǹ˽ҩģ뵽תѾֹͣһʱ⣬ΪˣͽʬŽʯ¶ǺڣΪƽһ£ںˣĪĽҩЧȻ׻Ѳ˯Ҳ˯ðЩˡ
Ӣŷȴ٩٩̸һнµӣԽԽģշʦ裬ʦ̩ɽɣʦⱾûʲôʼ壬޳ܣң̩ɽɳңĵһɣҲΪ̩ɽߣΪ˲ܣȻֻһС˶αӣ硣
һٴɫҲһЦӢܣ㲻Ǹʶʱçɽ͸˵ν;ʥˣһǸɸɾģһû޳ܵ£ʤΪΪܣֻҪ㲻˵˭֪õ̩ɽţ㲥պģģǵʲôˡ
ӢԣҲЦǣؾҪȡģֻ˲ʲô˵
һӢܣ˵ʵ˵书ǣȷѵãңһУ˿ͣϧ㲻ΪãպҲȻỵҴ£ֻ·һˡ
ӢܺȻЦǰǣҲ̫ԴˣҲ㣬ƾʲô˵ֻ·һҲ˵һʵǴӦ˶ﲻʵģȻ㻹Ҫƣֻнʼϣһ˽ᡣ


 281 
ǺȻȵãǾͿ˭˽˭
˵⻰˫һѾһѾһһݣ֮ǰ̣ꡱ֮죬ӢܼĹ
ӢϵһʽǡʽеĵʽŭξѩȫʽŭΡΪʽѩΪʽ滹ʮ·仯ֹõ˾ڿ˱ѩ֮Уѷ
⡰ʽҲѾһ裬Ѿγ˸Ǳͷ볤ʱһСʽһʽˮСһʽȴԵƣǰһĻǳȴڵĻ֮УŻŷǵľȥ
ĵնˮ֮⣬˵ԼصˮҿԷΪöԷΪأȫǡŭξѩӢܵۺǹͷּǳأʩչ֮£Ļоˡء졣
ʶ֪ԼȲԼһһҪĵײֻºȣʱеĵһȴĳԼľһȻῳӢܵͷȴֱĸ⵶ȥ磬ȻûзκεԵüǹ졣ȴǡʽĵʽӢܼʽˮһ㣬ʽת仯֮ίʵԼ֮ϣҴ⣬ȻһйؽԱġããȥƽ⡣
֮ͲʮУӢˡǲҿ̫Ӳƴ⡰ʽȴԶԶҪö࣬ӢܵʽֻҪһܹ̾Ӣܲò빥أ޷ʩչȫһʱ㶷ѽѷ֡
ֹһ󣬵֮УӢ뷽ѾʮӢܼʩչʽظһʽŭѩҲΣĲλ뷢ֶǲͬԼȴӲ׾̫࣬ĬĬĹ۲ţϡ
ʱҲǰģȻ֪Ӣۺ񣬵书ʽȴƽǡʽгǿǻǾѧġǿѧᣬûʮص޿ҲгɣԼ书Ͻ˶ʮꡣȫаܹʤ˭֪һ֣Էʩչ⡰ʽȻûԼ¯ࡣб仯գѾԶԶĳԼӢܣһ꺱š
ڼǻ۸ң˼һ⡰ʽû뵽ȻӢܣǴǴ£ǶѧԼ֮ϡ͸ǱԼС̫࣬ʱɵ˶ʲ֮⣬ԽԽݶһһѾӢȫסƫƫȥ
⽣ӰչŲ֮䣬˾ѾٶУȻʤ
Ƕڣͷȴ֪ĿǰԼȻ糱ռϷ磬ٶȥԲԷٶ֮·磬ʱˡ
һȻһһԾ
Ӣ಻ļ֮£ҲһֳĸоԷȻ֣ͣշģ㻹ʲôϻҪ˵
ǵӢܣҵ书ڲ֮䣬˭Ҳ˭綨һЭˮˮܹల£Σ
ӢܹЦţҰĳ˵ȥˣǲǣ
ȻҲЦӢܣˣǳͥطҪ˵ϱȻŭȡֻһ
ӢһĪⷽҲǻФһµҵˡ
ôţµĵŶʲô
ҡͷӢܣ˽ϻµؽʥ֮ɱͷĴ㻹Ӧ츮μѡ֮ԣӿǹ󰡡
ӢȣҪⷽȥٸ˵Լ˽أȷ鷳ޱȣƻԼӽļƻ
ǼӢܳ΢ЦӢܣؽ˵ʵռˣҪֻ֪ңһС䣬˵ʲôڽϵҲû˻أ㻹и鷳
ӢŷǵĻ˼ֻҪԼ˵޳ܣ𱨵£ͻᷴҧһڣһЩѻý볯ͥԼȺ֮ⷽǼʼ壬ƻޱȣԼֲܶԱ˵ҪôԼȷǲ֮
תѾȨףҲЦǣʹӦֻҪ㲻ң֮¾ʱһߣðɣͬؽ
ȻаվӢ򽭺˵ԼĿҲܹ⿪ôһдһʺţԼļƻһЩ谭Ҳ֮ԸӢܴӦͷһЦܶŽʶʱΪܣһһ
ӢЦ㻹ʲôϷ
ǵӢܣӦ츮ȻȢ﹫Ѿңͨԣٸ׷Ҳ۾֮Ҫԡ
˵⻰ֵ֪﹫ңһŮ᲻÷֮λһ˶㽻
ӢʱѾµҪ˵ʲôˣһЦǣö˰ɡ
ɫ̩ɽɵĵӣȻҪ֮Ӣܣ㱾ңûһʱƭ˹ȥҲܳãοҲĳóѵġ飬㿴Ҳ⣬İ㣬С檣üԴֶһƬҪǼ޸㣬ӲദҲܹ˳ܣȫȫĶ㣬Ӣܣĸݡ
ӢܴʱҲڲ²ŷǵ⣬ԼȻո˵ѾңԼʵΪԼμѡ״ԣȻѾźһУԳͥѳδ飬Լ书еѾһ֦㣬ÿװ֮ԣҲ̩ɽɽͥģһͳԲ֮ΣȻݲƻ֪̩ɽɴС󣬶̩ɽżĸ飬ҪǼ޸ԼһԼķ̩ɽԵģȻҪİͻһˡ
뵽ǵͼӢְƻɣҡҡͷǣ㲻öˣҸͶʲô﹫ûȤǲӦģҶԳͥѾҵ¡
ˣֻ⣬书ǻۣһж޳ңȻƲϿηΣһֺ׳ʵѱ빫ϲĻϣǿװ֮ǿľ֣öסû뵽Ȼ˵ûȤͷʱһɣӢ룬̩ɽܹ볯ͥһ̩ɽ߷ľûᣬʵڲƻ


 282 С㣿
ӢܵĻ·ǵ˵ͷãӢܣ֪һŵĺӣ˵Ļһõӽ֮ҲΪѡ
˵ӢһҾֵӢܣֻûϿУټӾôҾȹϲˣȻ˳ѡġ
Ӣܹ뷽Ǵƽ֣иţ΢Цţϧϧ
һ㶣ϧʲô
Ӣܵϧ˶ʮ꣬书ǻۣòȣܹѡĻа˳ϣҲòſַˣⲻǿϧʲô
˵ʵ֮ʣȷʱĸпװ֮ȻӢڳ书һҲͣʮǰԼ࣬ʱҪĻᣬ֮λŲ֮룬ڱӢһҲóϣֻһÿɷ
ӢܼȻѾ˵ãҲ˶ҲȭһҾţΪ֮
˵⻰;ٲȥȴķվԭöûжҲ֪Щʲô
صԺУӢˮţСݣͷ˯δҪ¡Ը룬Ҳֻһһˡ
˵ڶһ硣Ӣܾ˴ԺϰǡʮơŲ֮䣬ܿ˺ˮϰԵľѣһԵľߣȻ
֮䣬ȴһļе㡭˺ûܣ컯֮²·ɡɺͳ
ӢԣͣסֽţתȥȴǳѾԼһؾҲɬҪϰߣֻѾǲ˺ϼ
ӢʡңŮܵĽܴͳԼƽ飬ڿʹˡ
һˡæȥһɫĶѴϣ۶ϵãԼ¶һҾֵ
еɬûʧ꣬ιӢܣҴˮϴ
ӢܼѾȫԼˣԼǺȥһҲˣԹԵܽǸϴСľ裬ֻصԺӵ˾ˮȥ
ȴǸ˿һüˮģӢܣˮȥ
Ӣʵ̲סˣƽʱѵ˸㵹ˮ𣿡
ҡҡͷƽʱȻԼˣ˵ģҵϢҲ볢ӵζô㲻Ը⣬Ҿ֪Ҿ֪ûôĵģƲҡ
Ӣܶʱ˵úϢػӦ˵ЩɵĻŶԣԼӺɷ˵Ļƥ׷ֻȷ죬úõĵԼعƢŶǣڸһЩǮıǴҪˡ
ҪȥˮȴЩ˵ĵˣˣֱŵģǷˮֻҪ죬첻ô䣬ҽϴǡ
һ˵ţһ߽˿ŽϴӢԱбƳţϴüϸǧСƵģɵֱҡͷëɻ治٣ҪıֻҪۣʵڱԼ뷽ǴսһҪѵöࡣ
ȵò׽ϴ꣬ȴӢܣûУ
Ӣܵң֮һǲ緹ģ뵽ɲУֻõףҸ󡣡
һü˰ɣˮղãǷŪܳô㻹ǵȥҶЩڻеġסҲϲʳӢҲֻϵùҴҳԺţ磬һ͵ȻڹӦţƷֵ٣ֲĸ㣬һҪһ˱࣬·أ·ϵ飬ˣǳޣһְһ룬ʩչṦ·ȥ
½ͥ뼸Ӣ˵˵ЦЦӢģ½ͥҲǲ죬֣ôʳߵôʲô
ӢһʱûشֻöЦЦ͹ȥˣȴ˵½֣˻ĪʶôѵҲμѡ֮Եģ
½ͥС˵˾ʲôһ˶Ц
ӢҲЩˣȻţصԺ뻹ðỤ̋Ժеʯԣﻹһ飬ȳˡ
ǳ̧ͷеһۣӢܣҳôȸš
˵ȥϴ֣Źֻһ㣬Ȼ࣬͵ˣҹӢܣʣµ㶼˰ɡ
Ӣû뵽Լ˰죬ֻôһɵðҡͷȻ˷ѣȽʯϣʣµĸ㶼ԼȻҪ룬ȴǳһеȣæȡ
ӢҲһΪʲô
ɬָָ촽Ҫص㡭һߡ
ӢղųҲǺȵŮʵ̫鷳ˣɵҡҡͷյһߣھͽ˸ɾ
ʱְ
Ӣһʱ棬ߵĶ£뿴ʲô飬ȴǷдšѵ¼֣Ȼû飬Ҳ֪ǸһЩҹ㿴ģע⵽˫ֻ֣ʮָ⣬紺Уϸ壬ѩ֮ϣǷ·覵İһ㣬Ҳв֮ӢʶŮ֮У֣ȻǶˡ
ӢжʱһƤ𪣬С޸ĸһĿ࣬Ĵֻô֣Ψһһ;ǣԼ˵˻ѡ
ʱȻһΪʲôҪƭң
Ӣ˵ĻǳҲһһʱʯϣ̧ͷҲһƬңʲʲôƭ㣿
ӢܼиɣֵǱͦðֻºЩǧС㶼㣬㵽ʲôˣ
ǳɫһ󣬺ȻءһſʯϿ鶯ͣƺ޵÷ǳ
Ӣܷƽ㵽ʲôҶ㲢޶⡣
ǳʱ̧ͷȦĵƭ㣬ûи˵ʵ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ͸˵һ˵ʵ
ʱѾָƽʵҲǴСĸ˫Ҳƶ֮ңҵĸĸڹݺǮģҲһС㡣
ӢҲµˣôᵽˣ


 283 
ǳоӨʱǶΪһǰҵȥ£ΪһСµ˽ϵһˣǶ˾ҵҼҵеɱɱ
ӢܼᣬѾ˵ȥ淢ʲô£˭ֶôΪһС¾Ҫ˼š
ǳҡҡͷҲ֪˭ֻ֪ú׶ͷ붼׵úܣϻһ̣ҼҵʱڼɽһѾԲأôף˳ȥٸ˰ǶҲŹ͵Ӧ츮ǻʳǣҲǲģ֮ѾûʲôǮˣˣͽˡ
һ˵һ߻ڿš
ӢĻĬĬ˼⻰ʵԣǱĻǱڹ֮ڣôпܾɷļϸƢԹŹ֣ˣ޷˽ӽϸǾԲģɷҲ޴ĵز˵ԼǾ͸ЦˣһǳѾЩˣʱûеӦ츮ԼжĶ£ӴȥĽܹš
һˣԳıˡĳһᱨġ
ǡǣһǶ׷Ӧ츮ҼҴԺЦ˵Ҫնɱء
Ӣܼ¶η֮ɫϸ΢΢ܼʱѪڣͦش£ֻҪӢһ죬ûܹ˺ˡ
ʱԳ־ϲɫ桭ģĿһֱҡԶң
뵽ԼӦƢǹŹ֣ͲҪ鷳Ӣлԥһ¡ܿ͵˵ͷȻģ˵Ļһ
Ĭһ󣬲һ˫쳣ӢܣܺãȷܺáһסĻġ
ӢʱһȻˡݳãպҲչ㡣
˵⻰ΪӦȴҡҡͷ˵Ļһʱ嶯ݵ£ǹЩ˵ɡ
Ӣԣ׳ûȫԼ˵ͷ
ʱȴǸҴææܽԺӣӢһҾԴүˣǰĴ븴ԵĴүȥˣҲȥɡ
ӢһͷԳȥţҸ˷
ǳһͷã֪ˣȥǡ
ǸӢܾȻҪ˷Ҳ¶˼ȲֻȴԴүɡ
һ˵ţһ߾ȥӢ
д˶ʮӣ͵һɫǿĴԺŴãȻһнƽĴʱߵĿѾʮɷڶʮ֮ӡӢֻϵˣ̩ɽɵĿװ֮ɵ½ͥ
֮ϣȴһŻµӣʮң峤ݣ׾룬ȴһе̫࣬ߣȴվ׳ĹŮӢһ֮ԵԾ
Ӣһ·֮ҲңһЩ֪Դǻң֮󣬾Ͳ˸֮£ʹ̫࣬ȫԹŮ̫Ӧǻ֮ǰ빬ģλӦò͡
Ӣܽ£̫˵С˶˰ա
Ծ۾һɨȻ͵ͷûμӸԵһʮˣˡ
̫ſλϽۼдһţҪдԼᣬﶼʲôˣʦ˭ʲô֮٣Թ˵Ļͳͳȫд棬ע⣬ֿҪдǧҪˣϺ͹ǶҪĿġ
һ˵ţһߵʼɡ
Ծǣ
ʹҴ߳˴һһЩС̧ʮӽѾűīֽ
ȵЩСȫ˳ϵʮ꿡ܾĥīдҶų˽Լ빫ֻ¸뿴ǱʷĲɣԼܹջûϵʶ빫ķķǳҪȷ˿ʼһ˼һд
ӢܼϵķıʱҲɵۣȻѧ˲ٵйĻСûдë֣ʵҪˡ
ûҪȢ﹫֮ģдúòÿûзϣ˿ԱһˣѧĥīȻ˺˭֪մī̫֭࣬һٱʣ͵ȥѩ׵ֽ϶ʱһīš
ӢҲȥҪֽ㣬д֡
Ӣܡ
᣺֪
д֮ʱһҡתһ룬Լһ¶һʱͥ޷鵽ԼҪд֮ǳͥҪ׷ȥʱȥһӦȥ˵ɡ
±дˣ¶
ʦˡ
д֮ʱд̩ɽɵ̵£һ룬³ͥȻҷ֤ǴޱȣҲ֪ͥ˵Щʲôʱֻʵ䷴ˡ
֮ٺдšޡ֡
ղŻ˵ҪдЩԹ˵ĻӢдóɴͣʲд
ʱӢֽȴȻûм֣һĽܣʵںŷԼ˵ҪʹֻҲܡ
ʱӢܺȻʶԼļƻ޷ʵֵģɴǾɥվһҾѾдˡ
ôдˣλǺݵ˼
˿ʮϵ꿡ܶҧɦͷ˼һĽ֮飬ȴû뵽ȻѾɣѵõĸ߲ˣɷ׷̧ͷӢܣôдģԼ
װ֮½ͥҲʵ˲书ǿĲŽ˼ҲһԼҪ﹫ϵעⲻˣ˵ɫǲÿ
Ӣֽܾȥһƣʱһ㶣㡭дô
Ӣ֪Ȼֵýֻõ˵ͷдˣȥǡ
ԾӢ׹飬ҶԣҲܹʣһҲԸˣȴɫ죬æͷ˿Ӣֽܽʱ̲סɿб䣬Сӵֹҷ˵һϴīߣò岻˲òǷɷļϸ㲻ǣŲˣ˲ĿãԹֻδĽ֮⣬ǻ빫ῴˣСӳǲò²ˣֻϰŵĸҲܲμӣɵú˱ҵĽ顣


 284 ѡ֮1
ֽʱһ꿡Ѿ͸ֽ˴ţȻдʲôԼƵûд֣һī߸ɼ
㣬е꿡ܶ¶˳Ц֮ɫǿװ֮½ͥǷӢС书ǿĲ˴裬빫ܹϵģȻԼ˫ȫˣǺúõĽдãʾдûһЩûҪʱ䡣
ӢܼҶڤ˼ͷдһҾҵѾдˣ֪ܸܲǡ
֪ȻĲŲôã﹫ȴǾͨյĲŮңŮ֮˼Сӵֽһȥֻ̾Ҫһߡ̾ҡͷһֵãȥɡ
ӢܾһҾ˳ȥ
棬ۿѾŵʱˣӢܹһĻݼɽȥʱһЩصĹԱɵĳʮ꿡һ˶û
Ӣܼ۾мһʱԼһƽ·زʶȴԹƺΪԼǸİĶĵͽܴƽ
Ӣ뷽ԼҲȥһ˼СˣҪһþƣͳ
һ극Ҫ˼µֲĲһ׷һϣȻһ̳ƣصԼסСԺ
һš
ŲιȣȴһӣǳȴڲĵĽǲϷŵȵȥ
Ӣ֪ȵƢǲзϣԷԵúܣС㡣
˵Ż˹ȥͽһ̳Ƶˮŵ㣬
űӶһߡȥԷˡ
ӢܲȥܳȻŵȥƬؿյϰʽշʩչһЩ΢仯ﴧĦϰһһЩջ
֮ʱصԺУȴڣһԺ̫ãδⷢƣǳȥˡ
ûãͼһ˻ԼƺȴЦ⣬ɵЦʲô
ôһ˵ʱֽһϰߵҸղſһͷܵɵֱЦһЦô
ӢæȻԣܹٺòһͷʲôЦġ
ǳһ۶ҾҪЦô
Ӣ֪¾ͱâտڲ̸ˣϣˮ̳Сޣȴˡ
ת֮䣬ֹһ죬ǸԵˡ
Ӣһ˴ԺŸ֪ͨȴȫȻûеףԼǷޱȼԵġʱȻѾݵ﹫⸴Լܲܲμӣʵްգƻһʱ仹Ҳʲôð취ܹӽ
Щĵţ洫һ󼱴ҴҵؽŲжʱһϲ
ȻǽŲԽԽѾ˽ӢܣæҾԴүԴүϾҪʼˡ
ӢܲԼȻʸμӸԣؽһҡŸȥˡ
һ󣬾͵һ鼫ĿյأȴЩ꿡Լس½½յطŶʮλʮźɫǳɫĹԱ
ұһȴһЩɵĳڵһλȴһʮ꣬źɫĵɮˣ֮ɵĸɮ漸еɶߣ۵λȴԺ½ͥʦɵӣڲ֮Уλںȥˡ
Ӣ𷽰Լ˵Ļң̩ɽ֮һɣ书ɣ۵̹ɣ۵ڶ̨࣬ɣܹǿʤ֮ģ̩ɽӢηսʤԼ书ãǿУһ̩֮ɽɵԪһж࣬Ҫ̩ɽɳΪ֮ףһͳҲ£ⷽ壬ȴ׶ֻǡʽֻ»Ѫȷ磬Ŀǰս֮ең˵ʵڲһ¡
ӢһƵԼֵǡԪʥ֡ɽߵһλεԹˣǡ𵶡Ⱥ롰ǹҲУ⼸ˣȻò죬˾˸ҲǻʹĴڸ֡
Ӣܼ꿡ܶվڿյһߣҲվ˹ȥЩǰտӢܵšΪᱻ̭û뵽ȻֳЩ⣬װ֮½ͥǰпࡣ
ȵе˶ˣǽɽվұߵĸŻ򳤱һҾ˵״ԣ͸λǰ¹лλˡ
ôһ˵Щɳæվ
ȵЩ£ɽʮ꿡ܵθԣҷΪŶಫಫĶǾץ־ʤܹ֮ԣԽѡӦö֪ˣѡ֮ҲδҪ书һлΪֻҪԼϾУһؿҪġ
һ˵ţһ߻֣һС˰һľϻӹôȥץ
ֵӢ֣ȴȡһǩдһ֡
ʱֻɽãץͬǩվһ𣬴пʵ൱Ҫܾöʤಫʵ̫˷ʱ䣬ԴҾͷΪһԣɳͥһ˼ලǧסǻᱻȡʸġ
˵⻰ָλɶסˡ
ʮ꿡ܶͷסˡ
ɽֵǺãھͿʼɡ
˵Ż˻֣Ǿڸ־ͷ׷ɢ˿յأӢżǿյѾð׷ۻ˾ŸӣÿһӴԼʮƽҲдžŸ֡
װ֮½ͥһǡһǡߡжֱСģǧҪǸӢܳһ飬һ۲˵ңĵһŮǧĵ﹫վҪӴԵˡ
˶ߵ棬Ӣһָߣȴͣڡָ棬˶ǳһּǸȴɵĵʵ£ǸˣҪ֪ʵĵĹŵӣһ书裬һ̫֡Ʒ˵Ѿ¯ĵزһв޵֣ڽϵ죬ĺҲߣװ֮½ͥĳ֣ûаʤȴֵǸȻӽģޱȣޱȵӢһ飬ҲǵùˣԼһǿľ֡


 285 ѡ֮2
ӢҲԼĶ֣˶ʮ߰ͣ޳ɫװòȻʮֿΣҲӢ䣬ȴûʲôӦȭżģһҾӢܣ̨֪մ
ʵ³磬ڽϵ󣬲ӢܵСȻʶԼдǱģȻҾɵʵ£ӢܣȭۣһҪСЩˡ
ӢдҲЦȴǾͶлˡ
˱Եһʮ꣬ͷĽʵӣʶʵ£ЩӢһۣǶ׼ô
Ӣʵ¶һۣ˵ͷ
ֵãǾͿʼɡ
˵ž˵һߣಫ
ʱʵӢĵ֣㵽õǵǽ
Ӣܷʵ֣ʲô
ʵµҾ˫ƾˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãҲ˫ơ
ʵ²СбȻԼͽಫɵùЦúãҾֵĸС
һ˵ţһƮƮķɳһӢܵҼ繨ȥȴɼͨƷûκεľ֮
ӢȴʱҲȱƷֱǡ񡢻ʮơеġƱɽұۣȥһ߰˳ɵعѾƷХʵ¡
ʵ¼һƵҲһϽԱܹ߱
ʱֻԱһ˳ӢܣõĿ̩ɽɵأʮơѧģ֪֪ѵĵӡ̩ɽɾȻΥϵʥּˡ
ӢбƳȥȴʮ׿Զ֪ʲôʱվһ׷׺ӿʮ⡣żӵϵֵǣüëҲǾף׳֮ϣ˵ӦʵµʦɵˣӢ˾ͽü
ӢͣЦҲҵʦôüʵ̫Сˡ
Ӣ˵ԷǲػȻ̩ɽɵصˣ͵ʦ˼࣬ᡰʮơҲΪ棬ֻǴ˵һѾǸڼҸɣԼûпۣӦʮĿޣ˵ȴѮʵһˡ
üֵ¶СЩŹ֣ȫԸ
ʵҲԼ˸֣ҲСӢܣ˫ת˫չԲһһɾͬʱӢܻûʲôȴž޴Ǳȴɵ߾ѧ̫޼ơһ֮󣬱仯ԽԽ࣬ʼ仯޶ˣֺ˸գԾƶӢܵڶԷ֮ڣһǿѧ߳ɵġʮơȻռκϷ磬дǾ졣
ԭԴս֮ˣȭƷ켲ͺݶ˽һԡۺźɣǺ书ǧ򻯽⣬޽⣬޽⡣
Ϊ̳֮ڵ书Ӳңкɨǧݿ֮ɴ֮ʱʱȻû䵱ɣȫԵѧΪһס̫޼ơõҡ˳ܣȻȻľҪν֮ᣬ۳֮ᡱǡġ̫ơ֮ͬʮơǿؿǣӢܵȻ糱ˮӿѰ޾Ϯһʱܡ
֪䣬ѾʮУӢѧɡʮơ֮󣬵һֳֿ࣬ǱƷʼʱȻӦʱѾĵã֪ԷƷȻԿԼԼȴԶԶ߳࣬һԵֻҪ㹻ܽ˺Ƶġ
ʱӢʩչˡʮơһСغ족ƷԽԽ죬ҲԽԽ纣һʵ²ϯȥ
ʵ¿ʼܵƣסӢ಻ĳ˫۵ĶʹѾӢܵĿ֮£Ŀʼ֧
ֹ˼УȴӢܴһСˡ
ͷĳƣʵ¾ȥӭȴȻƣǰһۣһ͵ǰʵѾˣæ֮䣬ֻнơһơ
ֻážһ죬ʵ½ҲվȣǵǵǡʮؿһѪѾ޷
ӢղһҲ߳˺ӵǿţʩչɺ׾ű䡱ӳѾǰǰһ˻һҾֵ֡ˡ
ʵȻ֪ûȫ׶ԷһҪԼȻɥȪȻǲ֪ô֮һ԰ףңҲӢһҾ书߾²Ƕ֣л顣
һ˵ţһ˵ǳüߣһʦͽܣⳡԡ
˼ҵҰա
üҡҡͷû˵ǾֱߵӢܵĸǰûԵڹ֪¼ֻлϵġеؾħܹʹﵽ˵ľأһϽ⣬ȻҲᡮʮơƶðһ䣬ǻϵĸͽƶʵڹªţȥֻ֪޲Lͽȴ֪ȴ
Ӣǵڶ˵Լءеؾħƣʱȴҡͷ㿴ҲǻϵͽܣõҲǡеؾħ
üˣʱһؾǻϵصӣʦ˭ƶ׻ʮ꣬ʵ벻ңﻹλܹ̳֡
ӢѮҲأһҾֵʵڶԲҵʦһˣûи
üԣʱһü૵ˣˣǻ˭ǻ˭
Ӣ֪ʾ֭ҲһҾ֣ߵһߣȴ˶Ի˶ţһʱԷֳʤ
ʱǸսĴڸҲһ˹Ӣܵ书ǵһμӾԵˣ
˵žӢܵڳĽɽһҾֵˣɵಫѾʤˡ
ɽͿ˸ղŵӢܵ˵ͷȻûʧ书е꿡֮еȷ޳ңտҵĲǣҸչس黭ʫʸ踳ԣϻĿҲӦܹģھȥϢɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷɽһ֣ԼסСԺȥһԺţȴȻڿ顣
Ӣܻȴ飬һǹĵӵӢܣ㸴ԹûУ
Ӣܵ˵ͷˣ˵ҪǣҪչسҿʲôᡣ
ȴЦ˳˶ЩʷʣĲȴϡɵý빫ֹЩɡ
Ӣһ˵ǻϻĿ
Щ˻ҲܹһҲ˵һ
Ӣҡҡͷ⵹˵Ҳ빬ǿԵİɡ
΢΢ƫͷӢܣǲף˵﹫ңһŮôûȤ
Ӣܲ˵ֻ̫࣬ǵˣ빫ôƵ𡣡
ˣ˾ǵǣ˵֪֮
磬ӢȥֵĿյϰʽֱȥ÷
һͼ½ͥһ֣֣쵽Ǻϼ
Ӣһӣ֪ͨ˽ĸԣ΢΢һЦ˹ȥ˼ԵĲȣԱߵӽҲ书سԾ¶Ϊžüơ
Ӣһߺţһ߻ܣȴе˾ɥе˸߲ңװ֮ڷǵԱߣҲȫЦ⣬Ҳͨˡ
㷹ӢȻ˷˴˺þƻȥȡ
ϣˮϴ֮ûãӢҲ˯ˡ
˯֮УҲ֪˶ãкȻһŶһУƺǳ̾;ˣҲ˲ʲô·Ŷ̿㣬ͳȥȴסķѾ󿪣֪Ȼ״һӶ룬˳ңʵɫԼԼļһͷ׷ĸߴӣŰɫѵĳӴڴһǡ
Ӣܴʱ˼ľͳĳһƣʲôˣ
ӵƺҪȥˣҲعһƻ
ʱഥӢֻԷ֮ӿһǿһ³ǽһԼһ


 286 ȳ1
һ£ӢǴһԴ嶾ͨȫ˽֣һֱռϷ磬ǷҲĶ֣վܹԼ˺һʵǳ֮⡣
ʱֻ˵СӣҪϷ£Ҫɥڴˡ
Ӣʱſˣֻ˪ƣӶͷһĵ̣ɫֱأʵڲ²жˡ
ɴ£Ҳǽϵǰˣҹ֮дһλķ䣬Ǻε
ʱȴڴϲԴ磬Դ磬
Ӣԣʶ߾ǳĴˣһ˵˰׷룬һ̣Ȼһģһ
˿ȴЦСѾͷտϧ©֮㣬ϷܷŹ㡣
뵽ֶ֮ӢҲһŭĸײΪһСµ㣬˼ţҲ̫ݶˡ
ֿЦС£֪ʲôСϷʮǰݺὭòһԼߵͽܣ²ϣ˭֪Ѿͷĸ׾ͥܣץסնףϷ֪֮󣬾ͷ˶ġҪȫһ
Ӣܵ˺ݶͽҲʲôˡ
ߵϲĹϲȥ˵˵̸̸ģʲô˲ģͥȻ˸ʾץǸ޿κΡȵˣѾͷȻ̰ͼͽ֪ͨ˳ͥϷѪϧ̫١Ϸɱʵڲޣް
Ӣ˴µǰȻûԼѡݶϣ±ɱ⣬¡ҲǸ˵ģֻҪӢһ죬ûܹ˺㣬úõĿţҸȫұѩޡ
ԣִЦСӣôĿϷ߽˭Ҷ˵ػаֲ벻ʮûС˵ĻˣúúãҵҪƣ㵽ʲôر¡
Ӣ˺ҲҺҵȥһ
ߵСӣȻҪǸıˣãϷ㡣
һ˵ţһ߾ʹ˳ȥ
Ӣ뵽߸ղŵһƣҲûаʤߵ˴ͷضԳϸţ书δܹùһлᣬܳȥûС
ͷ߳ţȴԺ׿ȻһʦȣҲһݣҲ˵һۣһǡʮơеһСѪӳաǰȥʱκεıѾȫƻûеݵƷѾХ
ֻ˵һСӣЩá
ҲһƻһȴӢܵءʮơҪݵö࣬ȻܹƷ磬Ӣܵľǰ硣
ӢһæһˣʹһС̩ɽסȫȴǵƲˣǰһ磬ȴ˫֮ҵ֮ұۻһΣСȥ
ӢܼæһԾ˫ͷһС̩ɽѹһС̩ɽѹѾԵʹΣԷƽ֮ҪôǹԼСҪô߻âȴǲܣһСӣ˭ǿЩ
δ䣬Ҳ˫һſлӢܵ˫ԡ
ֻһ죬ߵӢܵȴڿз˸Ȼڵϣ˳岽վȣһǿѾԷֳӢѷһ
ߴʱǰǵ˵ͷţϷҲѮ֮ʱܴﵽ˾磬ϧ⡮ʮơֻѧ߳ɣԸͨظֻУϷǰȴϷˣֻô
Ӣ֪Լصߵ֣ʱˡʽãҵȡ𣿡
һЦϷʲôҵģȡϷȤⲻ֪ߵغС
ӢҲ˵תͽݣ㣬˹ͷ˳µԺС
еı˵ͷҵ󽣣Ϸһδ㾡ʩչǻȭȻʵѧ
ӢܴһһСޡѾ⡰ޡǡʽĵһУ˱֮߱ͷȫʽλȻͬѷ
߼ӢһСʱʽ
һ˵šҲӲӣһܹ˵â
Ӣܡ֪˿ʼɵԼʽĶ𣬸ǰһһСˮСȥȻ֪ƽ⣬һƮӳӢһ׷ѩ⣬಻ȥṦǿŲذڿкţӢܽŷο졣ǵ޷ݵǰһ֮ڡ
һ׷һˣԺ˶ʮӣӢܵġʽѾʩչһ飬ǲκε˰֣ûдѾߺˣҲʼҵסȥɡ
ȻݣŷţǲҴԺС
ӢҲԺУṦߣֻһƣóྡ飬һҧ׷ø죬˫ۻչҪס޷
ʱȴ߽һҪϷǰûôס
һ䣬ȻסӲٺˣһƶĳӢ֮ܵĿ϶С
Ӣܼһ죬Ͻһգסӣʱ˫ƷɣӢܸղһÿһƸնѾЮŷ֮ƷǽӢѹ಻ֹ纣ХƵģһǿһˣһ˸߹һˡ
Ӣ֮£Ѿ޷ȫʼ֮ʱܰ빥أʮ֮ߵƷԽԽӢѾƵýȫ
ֶʮУӢܺȻƺΪ̫ӵ¶һţһϲʽһ䣬һСããȻأͷȴῳȥ
ȻѾ㵽Ҫˣʽոյݳ֮ʱŲѾһǰӢһȻһգߵĿزڴˣֻ˫һָЮס˽޷չһȴ͵Ӣܵȥ
ӢܴʱŤתȥָæ֮䣬òˡ
ӵеĳϣʱӢֻһѹͷʽѾ޷ʩչʮкֱץס˵ײԼؿڣֻýͷҲˣ
Ӣܴʱ޴߹ЦţһʱƣֲͣҡͷϧϧСӣ⵶ϱ֮˵Ǿף˵湦ڵѪħءʽ֮£ϧʱ̫̣δ¯֮ಫľҲԶԶ㣬ľ֣ջһܣܹϷ˶ϣң֮ڣҲǰλʱգɾͲϷ֮£Ǻηη
˵⻰ӢܵСӣᣬ书ܹﵽ˵زҲǹеģֻҪٶ£Ϸɱ㡣
ȻĻûӢһӣѾǷţűڲҳĳǰߵ书ȥ壬Ϊ츣ȴԸһ޸֮Сʵ˳Ц
һһ˹ߣ壬Ϊ츣ʲôôϷҪԸֲ书СȷĵݶϷ˶ҪǺͽģϷûжͽܣֻԼˣСӣһ˲ţϷͦ㣬Ҷ֣Ϸһã˵Ϳָ㼸УֲĲ㣬Ų꣬书ͻͽϷ򣬻Ѫ֮£ΪңĴ֡
ôһ˵ӢһɱˣǲŹģϲңĵһ֣һȡ㹷
ߺһ书ȷǺУϷҲڲ֮䣬ҪҵֻҲס
ӢˣȴһΪ߼Ȼʮ겻ľ֣ңһ֮ʵһ˵ˣҲ˵ԼȻŷȴȻĶ֣ʱľɥ


 287 ȳ2
ʱƺҲûʲôԣ˱˵ĺ⣬СӣϷﵢ̫ˣһ䣬ǲã
Ӣ֪ԼֻҪ˵һ֣߾ҪʹɱˣԼĵʧʮ֮ڣ֣еһ˼ԹҪԺĸһٸ˵Ҫĺڽ֮£Ǹֲܣ׷ǹʣ˳óƢֹŹ֣ԼϣĳŵĹΣֺαΪŮӴһ
ʱԴ磬߰ɣ㱾Ƽˮ꣬ллĺģҲһ͸ˣЩӣҲߣߣ㲻Ķְ
Ӣܴʱžʯľ񣬵ͬǣʱѾ˽飬ȴһȫİŮӡ
Ӣ˼ȷǷǳǣҲǳɵģĿһŮɱԼȴΪԼǻţӴ˺ֻÿҲҪڶоѣԼ¡
һ˲ӢѾ˾¶˼֮ɫ㻹ǵҶ˵ĻֻҪӢһ죬Ͳ˺㡣
ʱȻץסӢܣҲڷŲԴ磬ʵ̫ΣˣͿ߰ɡҡǲġ
ӢһֱûлͷоƺڿˣޣԴһ𡣡
˵⻰뵽Լ߿˵ŮƣȴпҪһªŮͬȪʵǴδ룬ҲԼˡ
ƺѾӢûϣһϯ
ǸֿЦһϷһ߾ĹƨúúãϷһĴ
˵һơӢǰӢ޷ձܣֻý߾ȫһƣഥֻؼѪһڣеߡ
ӺȻǰ˳߹ȥȻ転ȴäĿ嶯ǻ۲ûʧһתشغ˰ɷ˹˰
֪ԼôһУĽ˶ȻЩиɵڣȻûһߵĶ֣Ⱥ֮Ҳֲ˺ȥ˵ֻҪԼ֧ʮңⳡΣܹˡ
ĽСӣаҲȲ㡣
˵лҲΪӢѾȵĽʿǰʽֻزϣһʱ֮Ȼ޿κΡ
ʱѾԶ
ɷ幥Ӧ츮ô
ﴫϡ
ӢִӢܣɷ˾Ժ
ߺȻɫһ䣬͵ƣסԾ𣬾ӢѾܵسһ
Ӣ֪ҪǳһƻУ̾Ҫɥʱ˼͵һţӾֱֱ֮ӳ͵һѱסѾôס˵ĳѹڵϣӻסʱߵҲۿžҪıs
Ӣ֪ߵһԼܳܵģɵñ
ȻߵһƾȻû֣ͣЦŵСӣ֣ܺϷθڣϷ㵹ЩȤ᲻ɱ㣬վҷŹСѾͷҵҪǲѾͷһӡ
һ˵ţһݣԾ֮ϣʱʧˡ
ӢѹųֻںžӨ飬Ҳŵһ֮㣬÷ǻۣӦȻɢأҲһ㶣ϵϰߣֻһ˼˰
ţȴ¶ɬԴ磬
ӢܶʱʡԼôѹһŮʵڴףϽҲվԴ磬벻Ϊң£⼸Ҷ̬Ȳãǧϡ
Ӣ˵ᣬｿ࣬ݺ𿣬ʶŮӵУ˭ҲȲиϧ֮ǿ΢Цҡҡͷʲô̬Ȳãôá
˵ŻȴԺ֮ԾһˣźɫģɵĻʦſջʦĴӣҲǴĦõ֡
ǻʦڷ֮Ĵ˿һԾµأӢһʲʩղŷĿգɷ
ӢæһҾֵʦղŵȷɷڴˣѾ»ˣ֮¡
˵֮䣬ԺԾһˣһϮװ뷢ףüë´һɵ˳ü
ųüĵ½½ĵ˼ˣӢЩ棬½ͥܣѾȫϵãȴɵˡȭɣɵˡħ࣬ɵˡҰ׵ӣɵˡӰơʮɵĳųơġķȴ͹ϵ
ûһĸɵҲϵˣԺŶһߣվһء
ӢֻЩ˽ͣ˵ûʲôз˸ǲĻ
Ȼû£ҴһȻɢȥȴߵӢܵܶջʵ£ͷɾúܰ˶ҵĳŵ
Ӣ֪˵Լѡ£˵ͷ΢Цǣģ˵ĻȻϣܹõϵĻģԸ̩ɽɽųͥĹԣһͳҲճΪ
Ļм֮⣬һǰĹۡ
ȵеһߣӢܱһֱһߵĳûʲôˣ㻹ȥЪϢɡ
˵һʱڣȥأ㺦£˯š
һǣôɣô䣬ҡô˯Ǹǲˡ
ӢЦŵϰ֮ˣʲô䣬һˣʲôط˯
һ˵ţһ߽ԼǼСݣһϯڳ£ȥһﻹͦģģȥ˯ȥ˯
һ˫ĵһԴ磬һˣҽţΪ£һϣԶǵġ
˵⻰Ҳûٶԣ߽ݣѾ߻ϣҲµסֻǽţӢܵȷȫˡ


 288 Ӣܵǻۣ1
һҹ޻˵ڶ죬ӢԺչһȭţȻȥ˸࣬صԺʱ˾ţ˯һ󣬵±ȥˮˮţһУųķ䣬Ҳҡͷ֮̾ʱ桢ҶٻѩЩĹﻤţ᲻Щ£ҲʵڲмȴϵңΪһϸģȷ̫ɡ
ûһ󣬾ͼ˽ԴүߣñԲˣλүڶڴһչԼĲŻ˵ҲҪҺ滹лϳĿһأлү
ӢܶЩͳ黭ҽ֮һϲ֪ͨȥμҲǶۣ²ȵҡ
һ˵ţһ߾ߵķ⣬ôѣȻһȥ
Ǹˣһ㶣žͽԴү⡭²ɰɣʲôݣôܹ㵽ȥ
Ӣʵһֱ˼ų£߿ǶԼͿڸ㲻ûԼͽܣ˵ҪԼǲһֱųǲŹģĿǰΪ˳ذȫԼֻܴ粽ˡԣһ鷳£Ŀǰֱμ⼸ı֮һ취óʧţ߻᲻߲˯ĸԼ
ʱĻӢܽһʲôɲɵأǴˣʲô£𡣡
ɫԡ죬Ͳ˵ˡ
ûһ󣬳ͳݣ˵ӢҪһȥӦԡҲԣӢܾͽ˳ŵĸڵĶʯϡ
Թֻۣ뷢ЦʵŪλԴүԴʲôҩһԼžͶĵĳŮôãˮǶ˷ǷŹƵģôųǰȥ˵ƢԵҪ뵱Ρ
ȻûԼھͱˣӢܱŸԺȻдԼŵĴȴԺ⾲ĵģʮŮ̫վ⣬˵޷룬ѡ꿡ܶԺ֮ͥУֻ½ͥǴȴһչˡ
һպ󣬾ͼ½ͥһźĳӢᣬЩңصһŮ׳Σ½ͥԼЦ½֣ﴵúܺôô
½ͥҡҡͷΧĻҲˣұ뻭һŮͼģ̫ȴ˵Ѿˣ֪ˣҾⴵ֮ʵ̫ˡ
һ˵⻰ҡͷ̾ԼûаסᣬбȴƳվӢܵԱߣɵһü֣ôĳѾͷˡ
ˣʱһ۵ԼԴˣô԰˭Ҫ¡
Ӣ½ͥ˵֮ʱçײ˲ϣһ죬˵ò档
½ͥųԼ˲뷢𣬵ӢܴǿԽŭȥЦŵ֣ҿûмѾͷֻҪĺü죬ͷ۾֮ˡ
ӢԣǹһЦûзϣȴֻЦţҲ֪Щʲô
һе꿡ܶ˴ʩչĲţȴҵ˳lӦӢܣʩչŻˡ
ӢܱȥһҾֵĳһˣֻˣŪûʲôŻҶ֮λֻûϴ࣬빬ݣʵڲҽȥڹǰ׳󡣡
һۣãȵȣҽȥ档
һּ˳ڼݻع˻͡
˵⻰ͼһɷĻɫɼ׳ĹŮ̧˳е꿡ܶæ·׵͹»ع
Ӣһ֮û¹﹫ǳ֮ŮȻϹ򵹣ҶţԼδ̫ۣͻȺжڵӦȥ
ʱȴûߣּλȵʳȻۼҵӦ츮ȥмһ󡣡
֪绹һؼرԣ׷ȥӢҲóԼһǰȥʱ򣬴ҼǺ˵ϰߣʵӰʳԶԶģҲʱͷӶӢԼڳЦԼ۹⾪ˣҲϡ
ܿţ⣬ʮ̧ĽӵţѾ˵һʣµľɾ꿡ֳܷˣӢȻø˳ڽӺ档
У˺ü֣͵Ӧ츮ãȴһĴԺŽ𶤣ɭϣôãȴòִȷŲվţ֮϶һͷɴۣԱžӣķı
һ˽ԱϽӭһҾֵ¹ѾϵķԸ׼ˡ
˵ͷӢܵ˵λŰ״󰸣֮ʱǷʲôɵ㣬дֽϽۼңһ⣬𰸾ۼУֻҪдߣͿԲμڶ̨ĹѡʱϺ͹٣ѡү
ˣѾ׻Ҫҵǻۣ׷ȥӢʵڲдë֣ԱߵĳǸǧдܲɡ
˵ͷȻû⡣
ӢܵǺãţҸ˵ʲôдʲô
һҲȥӢܱԱߡ
ʱǰ״˽ľһģ
һģԵòߺ䡱һ߽£ȴһŮͨմ磬еһʮߣһʮŮȴʮĸˡ
ǰ״һľľĶЩʲôˣ
ȴߵСսӦ츮Ϳ͵ĳ
СǮͨǱһԱ
Ǹ˵˶ӣҲǱʿ
ǰ״˵ã״ֽѾˣ״Ǯͨıɷһǲǣ
æͷǮ̰ͨͼ๫Ĳı˸
һ˵ţһߺ
ǮͨˣʱеԩԩˣС˾ûɱһûǮơ
״һľľ֮ϣɲǳ֣״ֽ˵ģԭԭ˵һ顣


 288 Ӣܵǻۣ2
˵ͷĨĨᣬǣ񸾵๫һǮͨãǰЩӣǮͨߥ񸾵๫ȥ⣬˵ܹ׬Ǯ񸾵๫Ͷģ㾡вƲʮԼõڶǮͨһȥݣӶ˽ϵ˵ڶ죬๫ľͳţǹ˺þãϵҵţ˵ҵ๫ûȥ˳ĵص㣬Ѿʧ˰ˣһǮ֪ͨ๫ʮڰ·ıˣ
ʱǮͨæˣ޴£޴£СԼһȥ⣬ȥ֮ҵȶýϵȥҴߵģ˭֪ӻС˸ˣԩԩС֪׺Ͳͣÿڼ֣һȥ⣬ڼһҪžͳ£һıɱԼ๫ȴСͷϡ
һֿǮͨɱģ๫ҪѪˣɥ
״˶ʱһľľݵ⡣
ŶߵͩǴµΨһ֤ˡǰ֤д˵һ飬Ҫ©ϸڣûУ
ǽͩӦǣǣˡС϶˵һ顣๫С϶ģԼǮ๫ڶ쳽ʱֵϳС϶ڳʱѾˣǮ๫ǳʱĩŵ๫ȴһֱûȵʱǮ๫ȥһߣҵܼң˼ӣӹһųɫҲǻŻŵģС϶һ֪๫ͳˡһ·Ѱңǻû๫Ӱ٣ٺӾͱ˹٣С϶֪һ
ǰ״ֵǮͨΪԼĳʱǳʱĩŵ
ǮͨˣСǰҹмλУСһʱ̰һЩƣһʱˣԼʱҵķ˿֤
״˲ûֵͩ˵ʱɫŻţǺԵʣ
ҡһΣ뱻ϵˣɫЩԾ
ǰ״ˣ˵ͷλ׮ӵ״ֽѾԿˣ˵һλдֽϣһ𰸡
ʱӢѩ׵֣ͷԴ磬ҾͲôĵŮ˻ẦԼɷһǮͨ˵ѣ˵ԼˣֻԼķ˿طȻǰˡ
ӢһֱϵĻʱĬĬ˼һѾг΢Цҡҡͷ־Ǯͨ
˵ǿ϶ʱѵԴ磬˵впһǮԼܵʲôطȥˣǮͨﶼ֡
Ӣҡҡͷһ϶ûˡ
ˣԴ磬㵽뵽ʲôңҺдֽȥ
Ӣܵд֣֡ͩ
ԣʱһ㶣֣ͩԴ磬ûŪ⡭ôܣ
ӢܺЦ𣬶ʱʡ̫ЩֶС˵Ҳⱻȥ¾ͲʣӢһۣڰֽдˡͩ֡֡
ӢܼдüǾ㣬鷨Ҳ֪Ǽõأֻǰ̾һϰƢżЩŹ⣬ķ涼Ǽõġ
ʱ״˽Ǯͨ˴ȥֵλңڻϵ£װȥ굹һɱ˵ɡ
µȥӦ츮Ƿһһ˼ұգҲ棬˵ĵܵȴ˵ɩɱԼֳŪⳡͼΣɩɩȴ˵ʲôϳϣּ󰸵ĹԱ̱ƹʱҲǼֵý˼һ֮ȴ뵽һ˴˰Աʸλ뵽ʲôӡ
Ӣ΢üƺڿ˼ţԴ磬ˣҲԸش𲻳Ҳûʲô
ӢܴʱûʲôЩ˵һսҪǲͨҲһǳյ¡
һȻһ뵽һ취ɵԼԴԼ޴ʵںܼ򵥵ء
ָддȥߵĿǻǸɾģǱǱɱ̻ң


 289 ʧٵĳ
ʵҲ˼һʱ⡣Ӣд⻰ʱȻǾһۣһЦ㽫ղŵػдȥˡ
ӢܼЦգŷ粨СһЦ󣬷һ˵˷£Ҳһ
һȴһֱڰ״Աߵվλʱѵشһ⣬ȴװ޹أһ׮ι֮ߣۼ˵Ŀдֽϣֻ̫࣬е˼ˡ
±Ҷ֪ңɭ࣬ÿ촺֮дÿ֮ʱɭҰܳնȥΧҰޣԸðվȻ𣬻׼ƶһɷֹΪ֪λʲô⣬дֽϣǷͬ
ʱдԴ磬֮±·ҿӦͽȻ֮ˣǷΧҰ޶ȥȻ𡣡
Ӣʱȴڳ˼һ󣬾Ҳд̷ң޷ȡԴɭʮҪȻΣգңĿǰʳȱͽ𣬰δؿΪðգҪƶɷȻ۴ΧҰߣ͵۴±ɽ
ˣһۣ˼дֽϡ
ʱѾȫɣ꿡Ǹֽֽ͵ѡ
һֱһ£ʱ̲סԴ磬ô˵ɱһֻǽͩ벻ͨ
Ӣ΢΢һЦʵⰸҪǷϸ߼ǿǿϸ룬ǽͩ˵ԼܼȽ˭֣
ؼҲǳǿӰʲô
ӢҡҡͷȻˣ룬֪ͩһڼңһھȽӵ֣ʵڲϳһԼĵط¶˲ƣýͩûɱˡ
һ㣬ʱҲȻ򣬵ȻȥһǽͩûеӰƽʱһȥ˼ңҲȽ˵֣Դ磬ôܹһ仰
ӢܺȻһ̾زһˣϼȻĿȻҲ״ֽϿˡ
һЦ콵ʥϣܺһ㣬Ǻ˲
˵һ󻰣Ѿŷݴ𰸿꣬Ȼžվѡ֮Уλ˴⣬ֱɵż̩꣬ɽɵĿװ֮۵͵ĵӡӰԶ־һȫԣǾɵӢܣۼҴʽ֪ͨǣ˽֮Ӧ츮̨֮ѡѡҲз͡ûѡպ̨һ۹ѡס
˵⻰һҾȻžŷݴ𰸻عȥˡ
֪Լ˾ѡżװ֮ϲɫӢȴǡӰԶ־һȣϲŭɫǸӣԶ־ЩҲһֱһˣӢ½ͥ˵Ȼûʮʦ۵͡ѾˣҺûֻܼΪ˹¶͵˲֪ǳȻܹ⣬̭˺ߵɽʸ裬뵽ѡ
½ֻͥһ⣬ʧȥѡʸ񣬺ʹԼޱСʦ˷Ŀһһ󣬺һԻָߵӢߣһҾ֣㲻书ǿǻ۳ˣңһ֮Уܹ֮λ߳ɻʵõȹϲˡ
Ӣܼ˵⻰ʱֿǰĳŪ֮ɫҲ΢Цֵ½ֵ֣ܲǸ˵ôֻ빬ݣ֮λ
½֣ͥ﹫ңһŮҲһʱʱڻߣλȴȻͬܲ
ӢܹһЦ½֣ͽ˸־ǿ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹųǰȥǰسӻͣţηҲֶȴȥӢܵԴ磬ܲҹ֣֪ģҳߣ˼ᣬƽʱǲҳģڣʲô
Ӣ뵽Ĵ飬ֻǻ᲻Ӧģ͵˵ͷ
ʱչЦη뿪ԼȴӢܵ˴ֱߡ
ӢߵĽϣжߵĳȻ˵ע⣬ЩһۣϾͻ¶֮ɫĵͷȥ
ӢܿʵҲЩж಻ԣҪ֪֮˽֮Լ˰ҲȸеԼ֪֮ҵĲҰһһֲ˽ټ֮ǿϰߵ̫󣬵ȷܹͨհģı飬ȻҲ֮С
Ӣܲ棬ȻԵ÷ǳţܱʲô۹ҲǸں֬꣬ӢǮЩ۴֮֬࣬СһеӢʱ䳬֮ƣͬǣӢȻᣬȴǼͷų˸߲ңʱ¶˵˵ЦݣһдδйҲǸˣֻҪԸãԼá
䵽սƻ裬Ҳߵˣ˱˽ӻص䣬ȥʳŻصԺС
ԺеʱɫѾӢһʱû£ͽ·ʯϡȻԱ߹ҹɫȴǣĳԺشľʵӿ¹֮£죬׵ƣҫϸԣ˾ԺУͬԣӰ˫
һաֳճյһԼӢԺеӰƺҪһˣһֱЦţҲɢ˱¹â˵ĹԣһŵԴ磬֪֪ҳĵһ졣
ӢܼʱԵӣҲĵ˼¡лᣬһһֱȥġ
ˣʱʲôлᡣԴ磬㲻ǴӦңҪչһӣñ˺ô
Ӣܵ˵ͷԴ˵⻰һԶļǵãǳԴ绹ЩҪ죬㣬ܹ빬빬֮ǰһ취㰲ŵһȫĵطǸҲ㡣
æʲô¡Դ磬ܸܲ˵һа취ܹ㣬ʵʵһһڳͥٵݣ۵һֱûȥʲô£ܹ쵽ġ
Ӣҡҡͷҵ²κ˿԰ﵽģлˣڳͥٵݣǼ£Ψһͽ㸸׾ٱͥɱ飬ֻǿˣܹһܹ˵Ź㣬ϾôһŮӣ˵ʵ̫ˡ
Ĭһ󣬺ȻԴ磬ң²еڶˣԴ磬á
һ˵ţһ߾͵ʹͷƺۣɬ
Ӣܴʱ˵Ѿ鳡֣ģŮ֮״ɵð⣬Լֻǳһֱԣһ˵ؿ񣬲ûκ˼ԼѾжˣҲѹ֣˵ԼЩΪȷ׽ˡ
ȻţѾȻ̧ͷԴ磬ԶһԶĲֿ˵òã
Ӣ⻰ֻ֪ˣ˵ҪǧСģеģ˼һŵԴ˼ǡֻ֮飬Ĺϵ
ˣʱվ㡭ԭҳóǲǣ
˵⻰뵽ʲôɫһĵ˵ͷԲסԴ磬֪书ãִȢһˣǣԴ磬һһûи㣬ϵϰߣʵзκõģңҾ㣬û档
ӢԣжʱϲһץסֵأϵϰĿκá
ЩһֱųͷһϰߣǷޡΡ١ˣϵŮ֮ѡԲôĸпźҲ˸ϧȻзȥϰߣһĺϢ
ľϲҲ΢ЦģǰʱһϵʿңһӣֻҪƳһҩͿϣϰ߾ͻʱһĨһЩǳЧֻⷽȽ鷳ֻҪ߱ȫңһֱûʱȥ
Ӣ̵ǺãǷӸңԴζġ
˵ͷȴûжֻԴ磬㣬ұúÿˣˣ㻹ҪҪң
ųӢʱ桢Ҷٻѩáᡢ櫻̩ɽǸŮʵ̫ˣ˼֮󣬸ǿŸЩŮһȶֵŮ˾ˣһˣӦü縺ԼӦеΡ
뵽Ӣа̾һųһ㡣
æʲô£Դ磬˵
ӢܵʵѾˣǳͻݣҲܰ
˵⻰ǸȴǴĵķģɻԺѾĶԼȴһֱ޷Ƕγޣһ𣬵ְŤģѹŵģң֮󣬾һľֳ˲٣ȷԼǰģҶٻѩһѾԼеһ֡
⻰˳ĶȴƺһһףֺȻһǧѩۻססûһ˲䣬ȫɵסˣסˣͷһƬãȻ۸ڶǰΨһܹǵȴѾӣԼ⼸ŵ£ŵ㽣ŵۣͺȻһʧˡ
ʱȻץӢܸЩ۴֬ȥһӣһߴĿŵƭӣƭӣƭӣҺ㣬㡣
ӢԼƭӡʱһ㵣ʵ벻ԼʲôطƭһֱҲûж˵Լûгװ
ţȴѾءܵԺ⣬æһ׷˹ȥ
ȻԺ⣬ȴһԼɽ֮У׷˽ȥڶѨ֮УܹҵһɽȴҲûмټʱԾ˼ɽ֮£Ӹ£ǲ֪ǳڹԼ㺰㣬㻹ǲǵãԴ͸˵ҪݳõģҲûƭ㰡


 290 ĳ
ǲӢôǲӦã֪֮Уһʱ֮ǲԸԼģȻ֪鲻ãǾ͵һٻԴԺ㣬ٺúõ̸һ̸вС
һ˵ţһԺȥȻʯԣųʲôȥοźá
ʱһһεĹȥֱҹйңûлӢԽԽǽ̲סܵȥңҵõ
Ӣһҹδ˯ûлӢԽԽߣջᶪ˵ڶ죬ȥҵԾѰңԼҲźĴѰӦ츮󣬳ֹȻ룬ֱҹŻء
ʱӢ˵һλڳͥٵݣȥֻûǰȥͶҲ֪һǲȥʱûϸݵ˭
죬ûаֳϢȴѾѡ׾ѡ֮ʱ
һ죬Ӣװ֮żꡢԶ־һݣһȺŴֹͭǰ濪ˣûѡ꿡ɵĳ͸ں档
Ӣװ֮˲ζСȴ˹ʽྻ£ϣͦءֻ֪Ҫѡл빬ˣ﹫Լټûų鱾Ͳã˾ʹһö춼ûлϴػ£ͷҲûȻ㲻ݣʵڴʧյӢ
װ֮ɵľӢܡؼʱ̾ȻôһݣǰԸˡ
һ·֮ϣͼİ뽭򶫶УҲʱĶӢָָܵ㣬еĻȴڴĵ˭ܹõ빫Ĵ࣬үȢңĹΪޡΪңĽʵĶ
̨Ӧ츮Ķʮ֮Ӣܼ·ѾһӶۺƽ׵عٱ֪־Ϳ쵽ˣǷŭ֪ԼԼ˶ٱ飬ʹ˶ٱĴҪǰˡһʲôˣһֱѹĳԹھҪʼ⿪ˡ
ʱӢѾʱ˳£³ˮķ˫ȭѾڲ֪֮ȴû˿¶
һСʱ֮ѾԽԽ࣬ĵ·ͷضƺѾҪˮйͨˡӢԼĪһ£ǰ֣Ҳѹ֣з򣬻ʵѡǶô˸е̼£ңûеӣ޷ֱֳƽʱֻûḻ֣вƵġʱٱҲԽԽ࣬ͣߺά
УڵһطӢܼ滷ɽһڴмһ߰˸ؿյأյصһʮ׵ʯ̨д̨֣ӢܿЩʯڷףӦ½ãΪԼŮĻɷѿİ
Ծİ£Ӣܵ˵ʯ̨£ȻվŻ빫
ʱͼȺһɧѸٵóһ·Ȼſڵϣĺš꣬ꡣ
һƵɽһ㣬쳹ʡ
ʱװ֮Ҳȥߺꡣ
ӢҲֻȺа׶£̧ͷȥȴŻƽ׵־ӵһðƥŵһƥķſŻѵˣӶʮ굽ʮ߰겻ȣǽӢ䲻
Ӣ֪֮бȻ̲סһļӿӣǺһľ﹫ˣѹˣӦþĶǣֶӦòĳ棬ĺУѪڣ׿޲̸ܹľأҲ׻һ
ֻź洫֮ǶϧĹû
˵ϳ﹫Ҳʵѡ䣬˵ĹѾСѵΡ
˵˭˵ˣֻ˵ߵĻʺ󡢹йǶ˲õ˶ֻһ÷ݣȥҲøҫҫϧǿˡ
ǰ˵ʺйǺε˼ôּ࣬ȫˣȻˣҲʺһͻһ﹫ĸף¿ٲ
˵ţѾʯ̨֮ȥǱҲнȥĻʵƲ龰
˶ʮ֮ʯ̨ĽѾվֳֳǹ־ͼվʯ̨ߣϿż꣬ݿװ֮Զ־Ӣܽʥ
װ֮˾ʮ׸ߵʯ̨ȥӢ棬ȴȺ֮кȻ˸ɿ֮󣬾Ȼǹ˵֮
ӢԵǷǣԼ˶ĳŵһЦԼ֮У۳࣬װ֮Ӣ۳ҪɵżˣԶ־ȴһ˵ľӦǸǧԼȥҲδֵܹװ֮ҴȻ۶խֲ֮ȣʵڲԸü޸ˡ
˼֮䣬ȴװ֮˽Լıݸ˼ǰ·־Ҳ˹ͷ볤
һŪ֮˾˸̨
̨ȻվĲʮˣȥһ˲䣬ӢȴֻһŻɫۣͷڣϵɽȻȻĸߴӹɣʮ£Ƥ̫ףҲ̫ڣŨüۣٿʣһ縼صĺ룬֮񣬳޾ϣҲ޾ǻۣ޾İȻţƺϵһУ֮С
Ӣܴʱףʲôʲô֮һڴĳ
ʱӢܺȻеƺϤһҲֻһǸصģһ˵ԼĻФ
֮䣬ӢܽФصֻƤķɫƼֱһģһֲúȿôȣǵȥģǿźȳģҲֲµԼǴˣĪȻԼòڵɽǴɽңڵıؾ֮·Լ޷˵Ȼϳ˺ȣᵽԾԼ򲻻뵽ԼȴΪ


 291 ѡ
ʱӢֿٵƳһ̨ϵ龰СүXͦߣԱߣŮˡ
һ˫꣬ѻƣһɫľŷȹ޷ƣŵĽҡ飬ɦͷϱ̣֫ѩüӣ޲֮ᶯѩɫ紺ɽִһӺݵϣ˵ľͣ˵Ȼ﹫ĸףʺ󣬹ȥĶˡ
ӢȻҲŮòҲǰ̾ߵֲ½ͥҦԪСʦֵֻͻΪŮν뵽˴﹫òĸ֮ϣңһŮ֮ƣǲˣ±Աȥ
һ֮£жʱһʧȴԱһŮӣһɫķɷ£ޣϸȴһɫɴƲľòŮӣȻǴ˵еңһŮ﹫ˡ
˿̨ϲûжݣֻʮŽµĴڸʮ̫༰Ų̊ϲû
˿̿װ֮Ѿȥ꣬ӢʱûٶףҲֻùˣȴǲԸ
һƽ
վ۹ȴͣӢϺһɫӢ֪ܲʲôȴ򾲷ǳǸˡԼҪӽǧҪ¶˿Թ޵ļ󣬲֪ԼҲһ£ԼͲȥʲôֻǽԼҪòǡ
ֻӢܣżꡢװ֮Զ־ܹѡѧǲǣңһѾٮٮߡҪ޵ŮȴҪԼѡ޾ͲˣǸ˵һ仰˵Ļ֮󣬹һɫݸһλ˭õ򣬾ͽ﹫ˡ
˵⻰á˭Թ˵
װ֮飬˼ת֪ҪԼ˵ظȤˣ˵ռˡ
±ǰһҾȻ﹫һҾԼ񣬷棬ȻС̩ɽɿװ֮ǰŹϧԵһ棬ʱʱ̶̿ǹŹƽգȴвʵΪޣлԹߣµǧѾ޷ڣֻ˵һ䣬ǵùѡΪ֮һźùֵܰίʳԣãɢˣһֵˣż꣬˵
װ֮Ѿ˺ö඾Ҫ˵Աϣͱϴϣֻõ֮֮µĻԷθаƭ
ӢУȴǰЦװ֮ȻֻСҲûŮ̸˵Ļ鸡ܹסδ﹫Ҳһء
żȻɵ׼ҵӣСңݵ³ʵ׾Ҿ֮󣬹˺þòŵҡ˵ػղſѾ˵ˣ࣬ࡣ
ɫͻЩһֵֵӣȻʵã£Զ־˵
Զ־һĳȣǰȥҾȻ﹫ǻϵĳȻҲǹĳ֮ЧΪݣΪճҹ빫Ĵࡣ
ӢĻȴһ벻Զ־˵ȵԼ⣬ֲԵ鸡ǰ˶á
ʱȻ˵ͷˣԶ־Ҳ¡
ȵԶ־ˣӢܵӢܣˡ
ӢܼĿϬֱԼʺҲһֱĿ죬һʱҲŪ״µľվ̨ϣȲͦأҲףҲյ⣬ػֲòǰһҾȻ﹫񣬵Сһ֦Ҷ£ʱμӱԣҲֻһְٰ֮λ¡
һ˵ţһ߾ˡ
һûٶ˵ֻǵնʼա
һ䣬һŮһݵ﹫ϣɴ﹫վﲨһתӯӯ˸ţȴûʲôԥֱӽݸӢܣȻƺɬתͻصλ֮ϡ
һӣ̨ϲѡ˶㵾ˣӢܸղѾ˵˲⹫ȴȻ̫ˡ
Ӣ֮ȴˣиǰп࣬⹫ǺǺ˵ƫƫԼᣬۿžŮԼоˣⲻŪʲô
ʱɫȴÿӢ⡣
ӢҵҪƾܣƺѽˣӢܣ㲻˵ʲôȻ㣬Ǿ㸣ݣϷԣ޵⡣
ݶϣӢʱֻùȥȴӢܣ޷ΪξƷ½Ǵլһʱ빫顣
Ӣܲ˵æӢܣۼҿǸ˵ɵˣлʥ
ӢʱҲ˼ת֪ԼٳƾܣǾп֮Ҫʹӽ;޿ܣ֣֮ҪԼļƻ͸ӼˣһҧֻõСлʥ꣬ꡣ
˿ǿװ֮ӢܵңһŮ˵Ʒ½һӾͷ˸֦Ӵ˾Ҫɻڴˣ뵽ԼһֱϲŶҹϵĶҲǴ³ɺ޶ʱһԶӿͷȻϣӢܷ۾֮ɵն
⻰ǰڵϵСװ֮ҷӢʵңȴμѡ״ԣʵ۾֮졣
ʱֻʺСү϶ûʲô𾪲֮ɫȴ۱װ֮˵Ӣңʲô֤ݣӽʲô֣ס
һӣװ֮ȴǴˣӢ˵ҵأû˵Լӽʲô֣סȥһ֤Ҳ֤ǾˣҪӢܲԼҪ׷ȥҪֿˡ
촽ţһʱ˵ֻǵϣСӢ˵ģм١


 292 ̨֮䣨1
ȴм٣װ֮¼á֤ӢѾ޵ҲѾǳͥƷԱ֪֮
˵ֵӢܵѾ书Ƕ̩ɽҲңŴɣΪͥһЩͣͲ׷ˣ°ա
װ֮սսĿͷվ˺󼸲ѾǺһ亹ڵֻ듁ԼĶ⣬Ϲȥ䷢ʥּѡ֮ˣ㲻ΪҲԷٽʹݣвǵģԼģһʱͿû뵽һڣѵʱ̩ɽʦʦСӣԵĲȢʦã˵˻ѻ̸ܣԵľܾ洿ĶʦãղҪܾޱ﹫ѵǸˣͲϲŮˡ
ӢڲԹɫһ﹫΢ͷƲʲôֻʺλСүȴ죬ƺÿװ֮Լжʱһеʲô顣
ʱȴԶ־ϣСҲһҪ棬й̡
ɫһŶԶ־̽ңԽԽҲҹǣѵ֪ʲô¡
Զ־ǰ˺üȻŹȥСѾ֪ʲôطҪۼˡ

ȴԶ־Ȼһ
˵ֵ͡ʱ˫źȻһţһĳ﹫ȥ³УѾץס﹫
һµıʣ䡣ҸȫȻϲӢܣһʱ֮ҲûзӦ
Զ־ץס﹫̴һԾ˸̨һ֮𶯡˭ҪǸҶҾɱ˹
ʱе˶վ¶˾֮ɫǺȵԶ־Ҫʲôſ
Զ־Ц֪ҲԶ־ѪͽܰӴԶ־ǰͱʦͬ۵һɽɱˡֻʮʱ򵽽¶棬ֳмƣʦðһֱڡ
ɫһ䣬ֺȵԶ־סʲô
Զ־˵ŮҪڽѨѨ
˵һִֻӻͳ糤ĽһֻȴȻ﹫غ֮ϡ
ʱֻһʮ꣬޳üޣӢʣʡ򲻿ɣֻжûǲѨͻʮ֮޷˶֣̱ȻбĹƣǧҪǵĵ
Ӣܼ﹫Ҳ¶žʧ֮ɫʱһֻ̾һϲ书ֻһŮӣԶ־ҲӦ֪Գ־ס̺ȻôүԣҪһļƻֻǹ˼֣Żһס
˿ѾеһѪɱ֣³ľ뿴δô¡
ȴȵӴΪԼ̨ܹ߳ô
ǰӴһЦҼȻִ񣬸ûųȥɷĺӣҲ̰
˵⻰﹫֮һͼ¶ʹ֮ɫҲǼǿȻ˵ȴһߡ
ֻſֻʺһţţ𡭡˺ҵĺӡ
ȴһֺȵӴס֣ҪٸҶնһ£޾ҪʬΣãĻˣ֤նİȫ
ǰӴʱ¶˵֮ɫ﹫Ա̺ãֻҪ룬ɷʥģ˺﹫أӦ֪ɷˣԼҲΥʥԣǺˣľͺͷƨһס
ȥɷʥΪֹû˵ʥΥ֮£һͷãӴҴӦ㣬ҡ
ӢһֱԴµķӦӦ룬жʱһ⣺벻̽ŻиıסԼ˾ʵΪǰ
ʱԼӦôô£ܿһ̾ȫȻҲ𰸣ⰢӴѾǱű֮ĶӦ﹫Ȼ棬ԼŮԼؿɥڱѾΣһǾᡣһǾȳȻջǲòԼȥһĸ˵Եѵǰ仯˾޴һô޳ܵˡĿڳɹ֮һûʵۣøô
һ̣еָ˳ϰݷԼĸӦòдǴεDʡ֮Уһ񣬳һűֽϵļԼ޷֤κε飬ʵڲԸȥԼĸףѵ˻ѡΪʲôҪôΪʲôԼӴСͿʼôôпѵ⣬Ҳ޷⣬ҲµΨһ֤ˣֻԼҪ˵أ
ʱѾӹǰӴﵯĽ룬ԥľϵСѨȥѣѾɼ࣬һҵĲۿžҪСү׷׽šʡ˹ղ˵һѷסʣ㡭û£
ʱȴĵʶҺúõţһıΪ֮ףǲ֧¾ͽ㴦ãõİΣҲˡ
Ӣ⻰жʱһԼ˵ңһʣΪ˺ܸɣпܽΪ̫ӣľǴˡ
ԣûٶ˵ֻǵʣģ֪ˡ
˵Ѿһļ㣬졢Ԫȥţȥչ˸ʣãҡ
̴ֵʥּѾѡǹݸӢܣ̵ļϸڰ֮Իϲ̷ңȻгͥάΥն
ˣæߵ̨ߣŵļּѾѡǹݸӢܣ̵ļϸڰ֮УڰңӹٱԸӵΥն
Ӣ⼸仰֪ʲǷڹؼʱܹҡ
ȴ˽Ŵȥȴˡ
ʱּʺȵӴҸѾ˵ˣ÷˰ɡ
ǰӴۼСѨԼѾɣЦүģɷ˾ΥʥԣһţҪһ
һ˵ţһ߻һҪԼΧʮݵĴڸּ֪淢״ӿ־ȴ޾ɫȻһĳХ
һХȻɱ֮ȴߵһɽȻ˺ɫỤ̃ŷƮ
ӢһӣŸ̨ȥȴǧŰ·ű˷ĳ嵽̨£Ѿ־սЩռţлв书֡ڸ̨·ص־Ѿ˲٣ңؽȫŪ巢ʲôҲһš
ӢܿʱѾʡ򵽣⹫ѡףңĽúٵһж࣬Ҫݻһѷֻ㳲ˣңȻ̵˶ࡣҪ͵ϮɹҪһǾöȻĺȻˡ
СİǺж
ַ̨֮˼ХѾ絯Ծ˿ڴӷص־ͷϲȹƬ֮䣬Ѿ̨ϡ
ӢܼΪһˡһϮ£ʮͣӦ࣬бһխʳ޳沿룬Ӳ·һغޱ飬˫ɫնκεУһͻһ˵Ŀ־塣
վˣٶѮϣ̩ɽɵͽʮȭ޹ٲȻҲС
Ӣܶʱף˱Ȼ̵ĽѪӣ˵ѪӵʦѪħҲǸ˿ֲظ֣һʮӣңĽúеĲѪħʮӳһѪ䲻ĶɱѪħҲϣѪȴ֪Ǵʲôطģ书Ѫħȥʮ֮ϣ˵ѾﵽѪħ֮վˣ°е񣬽壬ǮЦȭ޹ۣĪ顢޳ЩˣǷıԼɱֻ˶Ī飬ɽϷŶ̡
ѪӵӴʱʦ˼ڵӲʹѾס
ѪһʮԶǰСµ룬ֻһܺá
㲻˵ˣӲȥ
ʱ̨ϵʮڸѾߣ̨߽׼ͣ־ųȴѪѸٷӭ˹ȥѪһƬȴǰеĽ뵶ǮЦƬ֮䣬Ѿס˸̨־޷
ӴѾƮ˹ʱЦʦǶѾˣǵ˶ɷ˸㵽ˡ
Ӣ̵ܼ̣⣬ֻҪ̵ңеֻһžҪжõĻѧ֮ͬЧ̵ȻѾ˽ҩҪٷʲôһеȷޱȣȫңĽúҲҪɥһϣɷҪ˶þͻӽӦϣ׻ңˡ
뵽ӢҲһ̨Χң񣬾ܹҲ߳ϣ
ˣҲתԼ嶾ӦǲηģΣͷܺΪ
ȻӢԼûϵǣĵһͷȻҪƴ书߾ҵλңľвãֻҪţңĹڣδػɷܹ
һˣӢҲһ̾ǲԼĳˣΪңİղɷݱԼʱȳ
ۿǺѾˣڴʱ̨ܺȻȼ˰ɫỤ̃ܿһɴŷҷҩζǺ̳õˣŲʲôζ
ˣѪ޹˶ǴʧɫԶ־Ǵʦ⡭ô¡
ѪӲϴʱƺҲһ䣬ܿͻָղŵƽһֱڿԵúһһŵĵȻýƻԼŮһȦףװˣվ˰ɡ


 293 ̨֮䣨2
ѪӵĻЦǰСͳľ壬žͳѾȣ䣬ߵѪӵǰҲЦղŽžŵһɨգЩڸ¶˴㵵顣
Ӣܼ״ȴһϲȻû£ôֻһͣһӦͰźˣ̷ȦףԵʣѾܲˡ
˿һ£ȻѾ̵֪ļƻԼ书ŮȥðգôԶ־סǸɴ﹫
˼ȴһֱԶ־ס﹫ѾˣһƣԶ־СԶ־һѾ߰Զڵϣ³ѪҲ޷վ
ʱŮѾժɴȴʮ£üɨݣӣǣǸŮӡ
ǹƱԼ˵Զ־һҲȥСܵŵʣҵˣʲôҡ
ʱֻһȰظŮһ㷢ˣҪʲôֻܸʿڡ
Ǿúȥ̫ء
ǹһЦͷСθڻҪ๫ȥ̫أڿɲУЩꡣȺĥĥ˵ɡ
Ǿʱߣ˵ֻܿڣƭˣ磬˵ǲƤ
ȴЦãΪֻֻܿڣû˵һҪӦ㰡
Ӣܼ˵˵ЦţѾףȻҲŮ֮һһһ书һ书̵˴﹫ûϰģȴû뵽һ书Ů档
ʱһ֣ʮղŻöһߵ̫ȫվѣ¶ľװӢſǡԪʥ֡ɽ𵶡ȺǹȻ档ղЩ˶ΨΨŵŵĴͷأӢҲˣȫʹеľӢ
ʱڸߵ̨һϣתһͷʯֻá䡱һ̨¶һȫṈֳ̀Ѹٵ׵˵УҲõˡ
̨䣬ǽ뵶ǮЦҲǴ󾪣ʮڸΧ˹æӵѪΧһȦ
˿ԽˣȻߵȻûʲôѪǰѪӣӦ˰ɡ
ѪӾţ֣㲼úܾˣ﹫ף׳һն
˵ͷѪӣֲܴѪħὫе书̸㣬չʮֻ꣬ҲԤϵɷᱻսʤѪȡ
ѪкȻ䱩޾ĺ⣬ʦ书ǲʤģضʲôıƲɱǲǣ
һͷ޵ȷѪħĶ֣ɱҲѪħմңǧ޲ʲôеڣ㣬̣ҲһǶңİʲô˺
˵ֵѪӣʵʦҪƻͨıԣȻ͸ңˣ£ôһ޲̰ƺɫĽ֡
˵䣬ѪӵɨһۣƵ޳һǹȥĽһԶľɲƽҲǵˣϬĿ⣬ǲҶӡ
ع΢Цһֱ޶֪ңĽлô෴޵ˣ㻨˼Ǽ̣Ҳ޷ԼĲ֮ģ֪˵˵޵Ҫл㡣
Ѫ˵Ц޼ξۼҪΧ̣ÿһζǶ˹ȥ޾õ뷨Ȼû취ҵǣԶһټ֮Ѫӣ֮ͨٿصΣ׽֮ơ
ѪӸͲÿǰͽ˸ϸϸ滷ɽǷŶĺõƣû뵽ҲѡõĴڴ
Ѫӣ̵֪ĿĲǽɱңȽңĽһȵɷٽɣȻЩɾͣҪԵңĸŸɣҲܹ֮һ֣ԼҲҪľ⣬һĪ飬õúˣɵֵʮҪһᣬҲڵȴᣬȻˣ޾㴴ᣬĪѡһܹŶĵΡ
˵⻰ѪѾ˱仯ҡͷ΢Ц޸֪ڽ֮вŰ飬ʱԸͨ籨ţӹŴΰŵΧˣֻԻնڽѡһһնȴǾۼңĽԷ©Ӧ츮˴Χ֮Ѫӣ׼ǲǧѷĻģһҲʵڵȵ̫ˡ
Ѫӽס˱촽ĻҪƻ
һЦҲ˺⣬Ѫӣֻ·ҪôĽȫ־ܣҪôȫڴ˵ء
Ѫӵ¶ײ֮ɫ첻ҪѪʦ顣
һ˵ţоһХХ񣬽壬ǮЦȭ޹ۣ޳
ĴڸǶע⼸Ƕ֣׷ȥʱ֮䣬̨֮ѩҫ֮ڶӰصѾսһ𣬶Сүȴһԣʱûмսš
ʱѪӵӲû̶֣ǻĳеı״խǽǵձʿмֻ֮һΣͨȴڣң
γɫҲʼȴһ˶벻ĶμٵһԾװűʯץȻվһ߾Ӣȥ
Ӣæӵ֣ȴһһֳأͨģǵҲǹͷʽԼǱ˲ʣ̿խƣʱһ㶡
ͬʱȴܶȵסѪӣȥȥɷзܹ죬ǵ֮أ֮ھܣסܴ¶ʲô㶼Ҫȥĵ
˵⻰Ѹݵ̨Ծȥ
ѪӼҪߣ֪ҪȥΧ̵£ãһҪ׷ȥȻǰӰһϣȴһߴ뺷ֳֳֵֽǰ棬Ӣܡ


 294 ̨֮䣨3
ѪӢܷһһڹľϺῳ
Ӣʵô֪Լᵶ֮ģʱѾ޷룬ֻѪӵұ۶һɷѾԼǰݽޱȣæһСˮСֵһĻסϰȴǺĻ֮д˹ȥҲֱѪӵĺ
ѪӲ˫ּȻܹóͬʽҹ֮ϵҲһһƫʽڿѱ䣬ֱӢܵСȥ
ӢѪӵʽת֮˿浽˳뻯ĵزǲҴ⣬˫ֵֻáʽйؼ汸ʽȥȫ
Ƭ֮䣬ѪѾʮУӢͳͳáʽˡ
Ҫ֪ѪӵġɷзӢܵġʽѾѧʽеļ£ɷзΪ򣬽ٶֱӣ˵ܹôɱˣԹԼʽȴǻΪǼ봾Ҳ˵ôԼڻɱԷعڲ֮ءǰйͳġӹ֮ѧʤ֮ȫʩչߵΪԼٳӦ䣬˵ӡ
ӢܼѪӵġɷзȻֱӣеı仯Ȼйѧķ룬вɵһ̾ڽĵ۴˽֮ǰɷȻǲ书ģҲֻһЩ򵥵ؼܹ֮ɷзʽȻǾԺ书͵ʦУĻҲһӰ죬ɷҲǹȥǸԭ̬ˣǾңغˣһҪʹúȽĻƼ˵ѽɷʳǣȹȥΪĹۣҪıʵǼ޴顣һӦþǸ˻ɵģһ˵ҰģȴҪóǧʮİ׹㣬̫ˡ
ѪӼȻܹסԼҲһɷлչӢͬĵײʱŽ˻𻨣Ӣܶʱ뵽Լͨر֣ͱˣһо֮Уʵ֪׻֪ԼһЩʲô¡
ʱȴ̨֮ѾĸߺңĽʿּԽѪ֮£Ѿ㳲ͽֱ۶һڴңɵ۶֮󻼡󡣡
˵⻰ָ֮ɻ߾ּΪͽڰӳɢİհǰѵϸѯʣкȻߣ̻ɱ
ţֵͽּ˻Ҳ޶Ұģߥɷıңʮ̫ƽʹȫٲ֮ȲƶΪŰӦˡԿƹֻҪǽշ±־ܣֻҪʮߣ޶Ըһ·̨򾫱أ·ѷ⣬ٸ翹ֻ·һɶ񡣡
ӢּҲһҪ£ҲӦͽϵڴһӦܴǰӴðԶ־Ѿ꣬Ǻεȵܣ﹫ҪЮԷϵؼƻڼзԲ֪ѪȻ˲ңļϸȴ벻ԼҲӦֻǴ˵˭Ҳ޷²⡣
뵽һ߼ӽأһƳƳ̨ϵڷɱʵƲ˭⡣
ֶУѪеɷƺѾһɫĻӰӢķӦֱۻӶҲֻܿһֱ赲ķ򣬵һʽѾֻóһ룬޷ȫʩչؼ汸һʱ֮ͱֻزӢռǳûлֽ¶صҲǵˮ©ٶȥջһܡ
ڴʱһХѾȥѾȥۻʹڣ¶һɫľװֱѪӶڿкȻһĳѪӣҪ㵽ѧѪħؼɹ򡣡
һƻӳ֮ʱѪӵͷԶһǿҵѾХѪʶǰӢܵţ͵һӺȻֱֱ󻬳ࡣ
ʱѾӢܵǰ棬ͷƣܶﲻҪˣ㵽ĵطæȥ
Ļһ˵ϣһִĳ֮磬ӢܲɵôӦһȥѪӣվ̨ĵطȥȴ̵ѾöʮڸΧסÿ߶˹֮Уǵ޳ͲѮңҲҪЩ˿ڼڸֵĽѾԵ֧穣᧿Σ֮⣬ʵĶΧ֮δ˿·硣
ӢԾ̨֮ߣȥȴͽһڽѾ̨ܻսһ𣬶ڹٱάѾȥоеСֱۺڴͽţղּѵۼֵİа˾ųԾʦݲʵ֮ԿųһɴİղǧˣҲɳһЩݣҪ֪ЩͽɣһǱɷˣҲ̵ľ񣬵ڶ־ǹȥԶ൳һҲǶѪģңֺе뱻ιﷸЩҪôǱҪôǻ޳ͥڵصļ¼ãȻҲԲ©֮ˣм¼ڰɷʤңڣǲ¶ͷˡ
ʱȴǺƮɽչźɱ֮ûһǺѾԽԽֱˣٱѾȥǶԴ
Ӣֻһף̨ǧúҸɵҲ߳ɣһЩûѡߣӢη꿡ܣ˵ңľӢѾһ룬ټٱжӻţʵѾԶ֮ϣԼǧˣСѾͶ߻ڰߣʣµĲǧңһڽúž֮£СʱܹսңҲһͲúˣһûɱ
ڴ˿̣ӢܺȻޱȵľ֮ģһ̲ò꣬޷죬©ַȦףһԸ̻Դֿңľʧ͵ȦףʵǸ
ҲʱӢһԼĳˣ书ǻۣԼܹ˳ѩ˳
ͷֻһӶԼ˽ĿǰҪ̣ңĽƽ̩ɽɷѪսʵڲκεطݡ
عͷ̨֮ϵ˶ڼţһ۾ȥѪӣȴ˼սңѪӳʱɷеұۿøƲ壬ǱֻƵģÿһУͬʱԷλһ˵ĳ֣ܹ쵽ĵز


 295 ̨֮䣨4
ӢѧҲЩʶ֪ʽһһ˵ԺȻõҪﵽѪĳٶȣǾԲһһϦܳɵģǵʮҹͣĿɣ˵ѪɷĳطչʮųһҪͬһطڳǧҹҹﲻͣһЩظĶǶôĿֽҪѪӣʵھ˺ȻʰˣҲͨѶԸġ
˿ѪĽ֮£ȴŲæȫȻ·硣
ֻ˫۵ʱƷңʱȭݺᣬʱ˫ָꪣʱץ磬ÿһУƺǲͬ书ʮظƮѣۻҡ
ӢҲǿĿĵ书Щƣѧ÷ǳķʽҪõ˵ԲްҺʹȣǾһϣһˡ
ļӢҲȥˣȴ̵ȻڸΧ⼸˶ǽеǰȻΧ֮ԵƹЩڸ֮ϡû·磬ҴڸִʱѾˡ
ӢʱСүվڲԶս֣϶ֳԾԾԵɫԴЩĻǰ߳һȴæס˵ܵǣͷԸ֮£ǳ֣⡣ЩСүǶõ洫ǵĶ࣬СĲʮ꣬ƽʱûʲôɱľ飬ѧǰ֮ǡԼȥðա
˸̨е龰ӢܺȻһԾʹɺ׾ű䡱ڿһۣѾǵ޳ߣѽ޳Լеط书߲˶٣ĿǰҪ̨ϵļֻȻٻǿڸһڳȥˡ
ʱǵ޳ҲֳһɫڸֵΧ֮Ѿ֧穣ֻм֮޻֮õȴǼڵĵѧ˸գ졣ϽڸȻռϷ磬Сʱ֮ڣȴ޷˵
ӢܺȻ񶷽޳ҲһܹڸֵĹұһӣ佣ĶͷؼϮֺ׼ңͨɵ֮ϡ
Ӣ˫һ־һСŭξѩ޳ӭȥʱѾԼĵȫƣڱҪصö࣬رǹͷʩչִ֣һۣӭ磬Ѿˡءһ졣
޳ѧ֣һ죬жʱһԷĵǳԼбҪýȥʱȴԷҲһһɫĽâԼֱӶֻ֣һһȻǲͬʽͬķλͬȣƽδδȻ֮£Ͻֳ
ӢһСŭξѩȫʽǳѧ֮ʱ޳һ֮ʱǲõģʹһа빥صġˮУȻ򶷾Ĳжϳ޳书Լ֮£ֱûԼ󣬾;óȫʽſռϷ硣
Լһй޳ʹҴҺˣӢܲͣЪƣҪ֪⡰ʽȷǹ亱ӵѧ⡰ŭξѩһУǡŭΡΪʽѩΪʽ͸ʮ·仯ʵ಻ֹõ˾ڿ˱ѩ֮У书ңֻһ֮£ͻѪ
޳Ӣܵļ֮У޷һУֻսսţΧ޳ڸէǿҲǴϲԼͬԾ󣬷ס޳·
޳ǰлѾ˾·ɫٱ䣬ﻹȻ˫һţѾڿԾߣŸ̨¶ȥ
ӢϵҪߣһҲεض
޳һҪԾӢѾ׷ʽеĵʽ¡Ѿʹӣơͷ¡ǣͬһʱ޳ǰ̳ͷȴ絽ֱֱأѪ̫죬޳°ֻŻǰŽֱĵڵϣ࿪ʼģǲҲ̶á
ڸֶྭٴɱ޳״ҲľȻӢȴǺֶԵв˵Ѿ̫ѪȣǲκεĹ˼ģɱ޳֮󣬼Щ㶵ڸ֣Ӣܺȵȥ˵æ
һ˵ţһ߹սȴɽһ׷߼˽ƣ˫ײʱ죬ϻڸ֣ǿڱѪѾˣɽʱҲǱƵˡ
Ӣ뽪ɽ֣֪ǿ벻Ȼǵвס׷ˣ֪˱ȻеۿŽɽҪܣϸ룬һԾڿѾǵ¡
ѾƳɱ޳Ľʯzһˡ
ӢܴʱѾǰһСޡѾͷͷСŲͷֻǵˣｻңȥˡ
ɽĹ֮£ѾЩ֧Ӣܣ֪˵书жٰæүɵǰŮǴеӣޱȣҪСˡ
Ӣܵһ˽ԼΪүʵǾüİֱŤԼǱǼð﹫ѡˣⳡѡΪ̰ŵһݾҲ֪治棬뵽ǾѡԼΪԼûȢ֮ģʱԼȻگ£ϾˣƺҲһĽ͡
Щ뷨ֻܵʯһųơڸֵͳ콪ɽҲǶ֣Ȼ⡣
ʱѾȴѰƾһһƬƼ䷢ꡱ죬Ǿ۳һ絶ӰƷ磬Ӣܸ
Ӣһʱϵɵľƣǡ嶾šعʽҲѧֻܻʵڲ뻹ܻƵƷ硣
Ƶһ𣬿Իһ֮⣬ӢܵĵûеݵǰƵѾ͸˹ԸƵ˵޾飬ֻܰķǹͷĵȥᵲֻǵĴ죬ӢܵĻڴҲ÷顣
Ƭ֮ռϷ磬ӢǲƣӢƵ֮һʱ֮Ҳæңֻһһĺȥнʼ


 296 ̨֮䣨5
Σ֮ʱȴһܶƵڷ
һӢܶУʱඥһ㣬õķأֻҪ񷢲ƵȻƽˣùͷĵһǰһһδ֮䣬һѻӳˡʽĵʽǧҡͬʱȥٷأʹһУ뵽ղŵģָҡ
һСǧҡĹԻǡŭξѩ֮ϣԷʯһӲ̿գ仯٣ȥƿ켲ȴǧ֮ơ
ָ㣬ɫ΢䣬ɵȼӢһѸͿݣԼܽɫǴ䣬æһݣҪһռƵ
ӢᣬӰΣž˹ȥڿоͻӵͦƵҪƬ̵ľʱ䣬ʱᣬֻӢܵĵ֮²סܣһַ֮˹
ֶʮУӢܵġʽ֮ͣ£Ѿÿ촭˫֮ʽһԼҪʱʱܣ޴ȥüζӢܻУ˶ľ鼫Ƿḻÿ죬ǿ֪ٶȥԼСӵĵ֮²ɣʲôҲ˲ˡȵӢܵһһԼȻǰһӭܹӢܵĹͷĳԼزഩǳøӢܵعȥ
ӢɽĴɽùһС֪ԸʽֻѡҪôر̺ԾҪôӲƴ֪ҪǺԾʩչƵػᣬֽһ־ˣȻѡ񣬴æ֮䡣ɿ˽ƻӳѾסƣֵĹͷһҪȥ
һ֮ǰѾ뵽ӢҪԼػĹͷʩȫѾץסǵһӣ˾ȫȻһ𡣱ƴ
˵ʦ壬ΪؾʮľֻԼܹƵľƣ̺ųơλа֮ףңڳѪӡˣû˷ʵû뵽δɵСӾȻԼǲɵ¶Ц߱ҪӢྡ飬磬ϽƺˣҲܹǹͷ޷ʩչµĵ֮
Ȼһ߱ȴöԷҲɽԼӿǹͷҲͬ˸ƵأԼôᣬ˿
һӣŸȫûϵǰѮĸߴӾȻܹסԼʮҹ޲һ˸ǹԼ֮ƣǲ˼顣
Ӣ֪˺ųơȻǼõģҲԼȵΣƴš
֪ңĴڸֻţ˭ҪʱڳԼһһԼʵΣޱȣһҧ͵Ĵһһը죬Ѿһ֮Уǰһ͡
ʱ֮䣬ӢֻһεǽԼӿؿڷƷһֿҪϢظо֪ԼֻҪйԷͻѹҲǾۼ˻е֮УһǰƳ
ǿ׵ײһһҵѾ͸˵ֱ۴Ե壬ֻһƺߣǺųơѾɿץסӢܹͷ֣ĵ˳վȣһ̲סһѪѾӢķ֮ش
ӢܴʱҲ˺ĲؿֻŻӦЩˣȴѪ
һӣǿѾԷֳǺųơڻһ
˿زŽҲѾʲô֮һ֣Ҳܹ
Ӣͷߵǰ״ִһĳһƣӢ˫һȻܹͷһӣһΣѾĲϡ
һ֣Ǳ
ȻӢѾ޻֮Ȼ޵˪ƣвɵһ񲢷ʮ֮ͽμ̣ҲֻǸѮҪԡѪɱ˵ӣѾԼɱºȻתУõغһãʱιȥ
ӢܰһȾѪȥȴ˴ʱѾʲżˣǰȴһѪڣǲһɥҲһݣųңһ֡ѪӾˣ书ѵ֮ϣ
ʱȴЦѪӣʦѪħģʽ֮£ץɷȥ⣬ʽǼ䲻˼˶ʮƽ֮ûʧѪӡ书Ȼʦ֮£ҪʤޣѾٲˡ
Ҳ˵ѪľǡʽǾղԼ񶷡ȴûпסпϧҲδ
Ѫ֮ףҲңյһȻʤӢעĿ֪꣬ҲܽʲôĵˣһԾѾԱߡбƳһۣȴһ̾Ҫĸ֪ԼȴҪֶԵУ治֪θ룬ԼҲ֪ǷТ˿ФԼ˵ءƲƶбɷһ£ܹأԡȻ֮£᲻һ񷽰һģ룬Ƿ˻ʵۣûҪıﵽĿ꣬ҲѱΪһûʵۣϾһ˵ҲǷǳҪġ
ӢܳǰѪĮȻҲӹһ˿⣬ƳһߣԿڵϣѾɱ
ʱѪӾȻһжûٹȻзһХԾԶ̨¶ȥ
Хǽ壬ǮЦȭ޹׷˶֣Ÿ̨·ȥ
ӢܶѪ֪ܾѶϵߣһӣҪҵˣһۣ˫˫׷˳ȥȴӢֿһѪӵṦȴ֮£Ƭ̾Ծ滹ɱ֮УЩ˵ͷ̤˳ȥܿ͵棬ȻйٱԴܹס
˿Ҳ׷Ǿٲסھۣ˰ңһղڸΧȴɱˣƵ
ǽȭǽޣṦǸӢܵġɺ׾ű䡱ûѧȫټЩ˸̨֮£Ѿ׷ˣֻ÷ȴûţͽȻңʿذΧ֮¸翹ͼսţ⡱ʽȻʤѪľ֣Ըͨͽȴ˵ɱþˣлЩ书֣಻ܹסУͽһлɱƬ֮䣬Ѿʮĵ֮¡
ɱ֮УӢҲ˷ǣȻûáʽõ̩ɽĴеġͽҲǼΪڱ̩ɽɲ㱻Ѫϴ֮Ҳһ̾ⷽȻһͳҰģΪնԸɷ壬Ҳһ֡
ʱƵԼֵǡɱǡҰһ߿ţһ߻űԸͨͽ󣬵մűűͷѾѪܡ
ʱѪѾߣʣµͽѾû˶־һɷˣ඼еͶˣǰɷڶ཭˵ľɱ֮£ֻת֮ͻᱻпɱ
ӢܼѶҲ֣ͣȥභȴϾǱħƵģʱᷢǮڡ÷ڡڡţëȰּȿ׼ȫҪȥҶ˸âȴǴ˾綾
ʱѾԾ˿УӲͣת趯ȺҪ磬ӢϵףȴԼҲѧءɺ׾ű䡱ڿУƮһ㾭ò£ұ仯Ҫ࣬ʵԼͬնȻڵġɺ׾ű䡱ˣ֪ΧܼĽ˻ᱻ۷İˣŻԾڿУֻҪƵУѶȴҪö࣬رţë룬ϸţëۼǿӢҲûаܹܹ
ΧͽѾ챻ҲһٶԾ𣬵κȻһתֱۼһ㣬ֻ÷ꡱ죬İݺύγһеһ뷢ȥѾת۵ĸǶȣ޿ɱܡ


 297 
۵İ׷Ϯȴڿ˵һúá
Ѿľװɿ¶˰ɫ
ֳ־װڿѾһ֣ʱ֮䣬İ棬ţ뺣Ӱˡ
۴ʱİѾù⣬֪ٲߣֻ·һתҪӣȴڿеߡ
ֻ趯һƣЩİʱ˻һƬļ֮ٶȴ֮ϡ
ʧ֮£ܹеİȴһ͸ڣȫȻһѣ߶һ͵
۱ǽ࣬ȷһĽúİ֮£ɱ˴ˣе˶۸ߺšꡱ
Ӣܼ䴩һɫ΢ЦףԨ֮ͣ磬Ǿɣһ֮Уûʲôˣȡ书ıȴаۡ
ʱͽѾȫͶ߱ɱ̨ΧѾɱһɨȴӢ¶͵Ц⣬ļܶ㲻Ȼûʧ
ļԼĳޣӢܵоӿһһֱԼΪܶǾ˵Լ֮λѾΪŮˣѵⳡѡȻ棬﹫ûмԼ
ʱƳվȺ֮еķǣװ֮Ա˵ʲôʦڸ̨֮Ϸ£Լȴ˸ͣԹޡ뵽Լŵ˭֪ⶥң˸ĽñȴƫƫԼͷϣǿЦãֻϣ﹫Լһһ޶ϵʹŮԼˡ
ʱǿֻʺʣȶϲЦտΪһٳң󻼶ˡ
ĿֻʺȻƽ׵ĽǷԸЩʲôȻһͷŲԶӢܸܶкȹȥʹ޻ЩҪ㡣
ӢȻ֪ԼǴȻ໰ҪʣԼҲ̽̽˵ĿǲǵöʮǰѪ
һڡԶһ˻ûһȾʹȺĵġС˹ɫƤëֹ֮ȴȾЩѪǸղŵɱϵġ
ϺȣӢܾ͸֮󣬻ĸң֮ȥ
ʼӢܣУгž÷书Ʒ̵Կɱ˵޳رԿ񣬸ƽʱ˵ʱҲǹ˼ɣ˵˵Ƶǳң֮гѪӣֻûܹ÷ȻܹƷ˲ãǵ赵书һû˵ǿ۽ˡ
ӢܼʶԼȣΪ֮ףȴԸ񴾺񣬺ްƽ׽ˣвֲͬ˵пܻΪ̫ӣԼҲ̲סҪ׽
һЦүʲôֻûвսϵģеؾħҲ¼ؾѧѾ洫δػԿ񡣡
˭֪ȴȻҡҡͷʵġеؾħȷаɵһ湦ɸȴûдǡ
Ӣˣʱ֣֪бԵʣҲûʲô
һ·УѾڹٱάŶ˵ȥȺݣʥݣֶ
һСʱ֮ѾӦ츮У򱱶УȻ֮䣬һƬɫĹâӢܵ
ǰ龰ʱһ
ǰ֮⣬һ̻Ի͵ĽȺнӺΡ̾ΪֹǣЩߡȫûƽɣ֮£ҫһƬɫĹâ
Ӣܴʱֻá𺶡ˣ޴ΰĻƽֻǹ޽еˣң治֪жٵĽԴҪ֪һЩ˵̰֮ģֻ½һѪȡ
Ӣܵľ죬Ҳ¶ޱȵԺ÷ɼĽ𣿡
Ӣһ⻰֪ѾԼ߹ңڵĳˣ΢΢һЦҡҡͷûУү˵ʵĹҪ磬ͻᱻȻȫȥɽשˡ
ʳĬһ󣬵÷ĺܿ𣬱Ѫӣȹ˻һ𣿡
Ӣ֪λഺٵүܶûк棬û㽣ûһҡͷҲǸܿ£үңȥֻҪܾòӦ
ʵ˵ͷҲ˵˵ĵ̫ʺӲĳֻܰƽңҪӦһЩӵ»Ҫĥ
Ӣ˵ңԶӺǴа˼үһ²֪òʣ
ʵʰɣ˵Ҿǡ
Ӣܵʱ򣬾һţ˵йҵϼŵĶ³ǰȻʧ٣ϵҲҿ˺ţ³ƬһģһĪǡĪǡ
ԣ˼һ󣬵ӢܣȻҵ÷ˣҾ͸һܣ븸ʵһҲġ
ӢѾµҪ˵ʲôȴʲôܣ
ʵ˵òʵȷǸʧ³ӢܼƬ³Щֻеʱϲ޲֮ɫ֪Ȼ߹ණʱ¶ޱ𾪵ģ벻벻
ʵʵҲûʲô벻ģڶʮǰ͵֣ŴңȥʱЩң£һֱûгȥ
˵ֵ÷ϲϵҴ
ӢȻһӣԲһͷôϵã̽ǳȻʶңȴʱš
ʶʱϲ̫ˣЩһֱûгȥȻ˵֪Ƿǳ뵣Ĵ硢ӡӺﻹǵģˣø˵˵ǵ
Ӣܵ˵ͷðֻżһЩϢҾ;˵ա
һ˵ţȴ˼θԼΪʲôᵽ̨һۣ֤ǻ۳ˣҪ˵һֻ¾öԷԼ⣬һļƻ޷ʵʩˣ޷̽龰


 298 ̸
˵֮䣬һѾǻƽ𹬵֮ǰȽǣһ󣬲ڳǡ
Ӣһ·֮ϼң˷ǼʥݣҪ׸ߺ꣬ȴһִ˵ĴȻǲ˼ģȻ趨ǣûеģң޿ɵľ죬ĵأǾԵȨԵȨҪԵϣ¹֮ҪϵĴڣ׻Ȩǲַġ
ʱӢҲʶĹʵ۵ΪȷǷǳҪģһӢʴȵĻʵۣȻԴµİհҵһбľôյľ޾ĿԹޣ˥Ҳɴ˶һûʵۣʽλ֮Ҳ񣬵ѱһһһ˾һҵǲǵģҲġ
ţǰѾͣʺǵۻȥȵԪ๬ȥʽܶһЩ飬Ȼ
ֻӦһžһŮķ֮½˾ķ
ʱʶӢһЦ÷ȵۻȥˣпǺúģһһЩ
ӢҲЦŵ˵ͷãүʱһ㡣
˵ŻүѾ뿪ˡֻӢ֮
ݺύĹ֮䴩һ󣬾͵һܴĽ֮£ȴǹдšԪ๬֡
ʱӢҲһ̵ֱɤӽһһ׳ĹŮǰǣӢ֪ȵƢʾ⣬ŸǹŮˡ
һĻȻһ̾Ӷһ游ɷҲҵú
˵Ѿ¶Ȼ֮ɫϧϲ
΢΢ҡҡͷǹȥ
ӢȻ֪ڡϧʲô뵽ںɷĹǰдģ˱Ҳһ̾պȻ緢Ƕʮ֮ԼҲһ׷ˡ
˼ţѾ߽֮ǡԪ๬ȴһŵµķݣͷܶҵ޹ˣƽʱҿ۾ˣ뵽ʺ͹ȥЪϢġ
һ˵ţһѾ߽һݣȴһЩ᾵ļɽıڹֻһŻɫΣԸʮſ輸ȴһ鷿
ߵ鷿ǰĿ£ȻһָҲԼĿεܶ
Ӣܲ˵ʲôлꡱ֮ػװŲȥǸԱߵ۾š
һͼͨĹŮյݵĲͼ̸˸ȻٽŵǸԵĲ輸ϡ
˻֣Ҳ£鷿ֻʣӢˡ
ܶɱôãһֱûнʳҲ˰ɣȽЩ㣬Ϊ硣
ӢܹƴʱʱӦĵˣԼضҲȷڡֱУҲȲ
ҲһЩӢõòˣܶʲôطˣΪʲôᵽ
Ӣڽ֮ǰѾ˸شпʵ⣬һڲ裬ػϣyʡؾˣʻɻɽִ˭֪Ȼɻʧ飬ֻɡȴû뵽û뵽ﻹôһĹҡ
˵ͷţԭˣֲнɡǹܶ޵ŮҲŵùԣһ£޺һҲǴ
ӢҲһͷϣѾ֪ˣʧٵıղʹѾҡ
֪Լû䣬ӢҪǲϵԼǼֵ£ЦЦ⺢ӣû˵ģϧ̫ҺһЩ
˵ֵ֪֪ܶϼôˣҶŮǻðɡ
Ӣܼ˵۹ǼУɫѲղŵӺ˼ϼŵȻӪԽԽˣ˵İٶĵaʡĿȨǶʱϵͷŮҵûôǵϢ
ԣʱһȴ¶Цݣһaʡ׼ˡ
Ӣϣô֪
ʵںܶǰaʡƻֻǺˣ˺ܴţֻͨĿûжټֵģǾðϼʽȱΣȥ£ȻǹҶһƬߣպֵռ伫İٶ¿ȨټҪһڣٶڣϼʧһЩܹӦȥģʿЩˣҹȥй̽˽ܹϼžҲңȻһ̧˿룬ʢţǼţ벻ЩǷչòܹϼſˡ
Ӣ֪ȴ뵽պ̧۵ľԼҡҡͷҾûעˡ
ֵܶ㻹û˵ͱϢΣ
ӢҡҡͷҾûˡ
дʧ̾һԸؾѾˣ⺢ӿɲҪ̫ƴǣߵʱ򣬱ʮһܹɺģڿбҵˣǽһܵ͵Ȼ֪ˡ
Ӣ˵ŮʱԳһرĴȰ˵ᡰܹɺиǳޱȵ治ָ֪ʹһֻôһ顣
ʱӢһֱиʣϣҿңİնʮģҲԸΪͥЧ˵ɷ˿ֻң֮һԻϵ书ԣΪ궼ûƽѵǹ˻ô𣿡
ԣûֱӻشȴ¶˰Ȼ΢Ц˻ҵȷǳЩطڹȥĹة֮ϣңҲ̫һЩ
Ӣԣ֮£µбȻʲôıԼƻҲǰݣ˳Ǹ֮ܲ˹֮£ԾԣԼռϷ硣
ʱɷ£¶˼ȻΣܶװ֮û˵ɣǲѾˡ
Ӣܼ֮󣬲֪ôģֻô˾ĸ˵޲£ƫƫûоԵ£Ҳܷĸ׵˵ʵôȥĵҪּ֪޸Լôδı﹫յĽ÷ϵʵ̫ˡ


 299 ﹫1
ԼĻӢܲ±˵ͷϣҵȷѾˣ㻹ǽ֮λ˰ɣ
ʱȴɫһ͵һƣøˣӢܣ֪֪Ϸԣĸ֣Ѿ̨޵ôøˣΪŮô㣬бѡǾһ׵նɷġ
˵֮Ϻһŵˣ޲ٸ˵ʲôһѵõӣҲ޵նҪ㣬лص磬飬ҪǮ޶
Ӣ̵²УӸܺãǲΪǮģҲ顣
һƣȵԶûԣô֪顣
Ӣܼŭһͷʨһ㣬Ҫǻ˱ˣֻµҲҪƣȴ볣˲ͬʱվϣ˵һ׻ʮһ׮顱Ҳμѡ״ԣֻӽ㣬Ȼγң£ûʲôʵҲû뵽ѡ
ŭúãӢܣȻӲСҲԸն޸㣬͸һᣬȥܹı⡣һúõ㣬Ҫң޶취
ôһ˵ӢܶʱʶԼүȻ﹫ԿеģԼôã˳﹫ʲôط͵͵ԼˣԽµ£ԽҪͷ
˵ͽһӢܵȥ
ʹҴææ˽Ӣһүūա
һȱү޻޲նί
ӢȻ﹫ûʲôȤί֣ҲǲֻȢһӣ;Ů޹ίʮŮˣǵĸĸίֻ׼ݹٷŻ𣬲ڦյơ
룬ǴҪ﹫˵Լ⣬ѾȢӺ档үǲҲˣ޷ġ
Ԫ๬ݲȥȣǸ򶫶Уƹ͵һ⣬ǡ񹬡֡
ʱ֮վʮعŮ߹ȥȥͨ˵үѾˡ
ŮˣϸӢһһ˲ŴҴȥ
˺һС˳үȥ
˵ͷͶӢܵүȽȥɣūž͸ˡ
һ˵ţһ߾ת뿪
ӢܸǹŮ߽УȴԪ๬ҪһЩȥһ԰̲ʯԵ̦ͥԺģֲ⣬һأͥԺ֮Уɽ϶룬ʯ壬нϷ֮УһɵС鿡
ʱһ纮Ȫˮ¹ʧĸӢܾ㲻ʶ֮ϣԸԣȻóеԹ֮⡣
ѰȥС֮УһİŮڵ٣̣΢żٰ㷢ƮƮһ㣬ԣһʮ߰ĻѹŮò㣬ǲӢ֪İŮӱȻңĵһŮ﹫ˣȻûòƮݵķѾ¼еΪ֮һ
ǹŮӢܴһԼɽ߹һС֮⣬үѾˡ
Ȼ٣ŮһۣӢλŮʾʾ⣬һ뿪С鿡
մʱȴһ䣬ɫ򣬹Σ˳ˬһʱ֮侹ǧǾ⣬ɢ֮С
ӢվС֮Ҳ̲ס
ʱպȻһңϸȻֹֻŶҲ𣿡
Ӣݺһ㣬ֻǺᣬƺǹŻ˵أҡҡͷҲһָ٣һһЩ
յŶôСʱҲ˵ĸٵϱȹҪ࣬ϧҲ׶һ
Ӣ棬ȻӿһиУҲлģֻҪɷһϽ·¿ͨһ취һõ
նʱģɲƭҡ
Ӣܴ˿ѾΪԼã˵ͷҾƭ㡣
΢΢һͷŵ˵
˵Լǰһָָ
Ӣܼ˵ʱһֱͷûԼĹһȻܺߣҲ⣬ͽȥϭ֮ϡ
֪֮²ȥһҾֵлмӣ֪ҵ¡
նʱĬ˺þòֱ֪
ӢЩĵȻѾ֪ΪΡΪΡ
ûֱӻشȴһŮӣ֪ϲʶ
ӢԣȻվǲǳ
ĵǵģǳ
Ӣ̵
յôںᣬƢҲãûжܹġ
ӢܼǴ˵ĿһȻȥΣϸϸȻһҲԼĲ²⣬ֻܳٳƢٻҶ˵Ļ䣬ҡ
˿ȴһĵһ̾־ͽ⿪Լϵɴ
ӢǰôһòֻüԶᶣճβܣ̴ӣһͷ˫٣б壬㷢īȾѩ֮ݹ⣬ܽޡ֮ޣɺɺŮŮҶٻŮѩŮŮҪ½ʶҲǼŮҪѷһĸףǾĿֻʺֻҲѱƮɵķϣ¼κγһʱ֮Ϣ
ӢֻԼĺҲڴ˿ֹͣˣյ׽ѰҵϤȻ޹Щ죬ܿҵˣļǳֹġ
ǳһŮһĳŮȥǺ˵ϰߣܹصһվһֱѰٵŵĳ̫˼ˣĲ죬Ӣܶ޷ʵ
ĬĬӢܲ𾪵ı飬˵ͷԴ磬Ҿĳ˵Ҫչһĳ


 300 ﹫2
Ӣվǳˣ׿ڳϣ侲֮ϣһ̾Һÿࡣ
ʱָԴ磬ԲҲҪƭġ
˵⻰΢΢ͷƺҲǸȻһŵΪѡףҪ뽫һټһӦ֪ġ
ӢһͷѾ֪
ֵʵȻǸѡ׵ҪĿģȫ£Ѿ˶껪˻޵ͣҵĸ㶼ڳͥѡǸĸѡģһûУҸҲ⣬˵Ҳϲ䣬̫ҵܹһλ书ǿǹ˵ʿܱңһáɾ
Ӣһ˵һ֣Ѿ£⽫ԼŪһϰߣԽЩ꿡ܣǲǣ
յ˵ͷȻ࣬Ҳ࣬ԼҸǾ΢ˣΪһֱһ񸸻ˣ磬ʴȣ˰ġҸĸҲڵѡˣԵ˵ԼʱǶͬˡ˵ûкʵġͲҪǿ
˵һ٣ֵݵǰҾͽȥˣҲٵ¸˰ţֻû˵ǹ˵ǹߵĹŮ֮ȴǳʧЩϵۿңҽԼŪúܳⱾҲǺ£ʵҲû⣬͹װñֱţʱϣʱѾƴ򷭣ǵطӦЩǲǴĺ߳ңĻ뿪
ӢܵŶ벻ЩɵصӾȻȫˡ
յȫˣͦƵģرǸɵż꣬ұ߳ȥȰˣǡȴϲԷ£׶ͣǸż걻һ⵽˵ЦͲˣһǾǸˣѣܡҵ
˴ȻӢܣִܿͷȥ֮֬΢΢˺ϼһ죬Ѿ׼ȥ˵ѡ״ҽӦȥһҲûϣٴʱƼˣá㳤ͦͦأΣ㶼֪
˵껰ˣһʱȥӢܡ
Ӣܵͷֲõʱôһ汻סˡ
յʵʵҿ㲻Ǹϸĵˣεģ˭֪ô͹ˣԼţ֪˵Σ͹װŲӹ£˭֪˭֪㻹ôãȻ뵽һôѣ㶼סûзƢ֪ûƢңҵġ
Ӣܻյ龰ʱһ̾ʵҲûĺã㵱ʱ˵ԼǸ޸ĸĹ¶ҾͬҲδػģ˵ʵ滹ûЩֻ
ʱһԴ磬ѵСû˸ĸ
ӢҡҡͷǵȫǣҹȥΪԼǹ¶Ǻĸˡ
Դ磬Ŀô˵ĵغãǲôҵģҡԸԼһҲҾ֪ѡġѡˡ
Ӣϣʱǰ׷ȻݵһϷԼ˵书Ӧò֮£ճ֣ѪӾԾ޷ˣµ֪ǰ˭书߾Ҳľ塣
պȻһЦңôľ֣ȻҸˡ
Ӣ֮дǲ죬ֵԴ磬㲻֪ʻܹ֮ȫı˵Ƥ٣һϰǺ׵ġ
ӢҲ֮Ĵʹˣס˵ܹ֮ȫһˣ֪ǲ
ҡҡͷӦòеģÿ˵Ӷͬôһ
ӢȻν֮ҲĻױûʲô֮
ʱյԴ磬ʵһ֮󣬾ҲҲмӣ˵书Ʒǳȫ⣬ʾ͸ˡ
Ӣ֪ԼڴдǷԼĿãŵԼźΪʲôܹѡԭԼȻ֪дʲôֲԼһЩصԺӣϻЦݣ̹ԼĲˡ
µҲ֪ûʲôѧʵģ黭ʵ䲻㡣
Ļ϶ʱҧҧӣƺԼޣ˵ëдòãΪûδûѧʣ黭ֻѧһ˳Ҫб챣ԼŮˣҪмʶؽȣЩ涼ֻܲҪѧЩ֮࣬Ϳһ󽫾
Ӣʵûֻõѵ㲻Ѿӡ
ȴ⣬Ȼ⡣
Ӣܵǣ㡭
ĵĵԴ磬
Ӣʳ붡һ⣬Ҳǰ̾ŮǷǳעòȲ㡣
ֵ㰮
Ҫڽң֮ǰӢ⣬ֻǳìܣѻشԴӾ˼֮ͷѾԽԽ԰ҲԽԽֵˡ
µ˵ͷܰ
մףû˵˺һ󣬲̧ͷ֮ѺӯӯỨԴ磬ʱ˵ص󣬾ͺ飬ԸӷǳĲ
Ӣܵ㸸ʸղѾ˵ˣѾܾ
⻰һյϷ¶һ˿οЦݣ˵ͷ㣬Դ磬ֻһ̰ͼٻˣҡǲϲģʶӸ磬ҲԹ㡣
˵˴˻ֵԴ磬ǲȰҸı⣿
ӢܼµˣһͷҲӦ
ʱӻͳһѩ׵ľԼ֮顣
ӢܼͶ֮һԵŶˣȷԼƽδľɫŮԼôľǾ޷ܾĴջġ
֮պȻӢȻЦƺӣ΢¶̣岨Ӣܴʱ֪ʲôһЦĿңĵǡ


 301 ۻ1
һЦ֮󣬵Դ磬֪֪ʺĸ֪Ѿ֮󣬶ܷѡ
Ӣܵ㸸ĸҲΪãòݣʵں㣬Ҹ䲻ϡ
պȻҡҡͷĵˣѾˣԴ磬û㣬û˵ҪչһĻʱҶȥһǸ﹫ԶڸĸߣҲʲôģǡԴ֮Ѿ˷գѾʹ࣬һ˻֮ȥһΪ˿ޣΪЦһжˣҲǹȥԼҲعȥԼԴ磬㣬һˣܹܹ𣿡
һϯʵӢƿԣǰԼһˣܹ𣬵ԼܾҶٻγǹһʱôʹҶٻΪԼĻôʹ࣬ʧȥƽ侲ԼӦ͸¶ĳ˵˳޷ǣҲ޷¡
ӢܳĬյԴ硣ǲǾңĹͲܺͱŮ˹һ
ӢܵȷӦиҸ
ЦҸԴ磬һҴ㵽ĸǵľۻ¥ȥ֪ʲôҸˡ
˵ȥԸҪһ𵽾ۻȥ
Ӣ˵֮ʱǺԥƺǾѶʵҲ֪ôؾˡֻȵǾۻȥҲĸ׻а취ء
ʱѾԴ磬һ˳ͺһˡ
ӢܵңҲѾˣ֪ǣɵõ⡭²Ϲء
յʲôϹأѾҵͬһʲôЩ֪Ҫǲˣȥʽͷʸ˵ʲôˣҿɲ¡
Ӣʱףô޷ٸԼѡĿȴģȻձҪңһִһŵᣬԹִȴڹＫƣѪͨ
˵ŻѾˡ񹬡⣬ȻѾͣһķվԣݳȴһ깬Ů
ӢܳæһգȥȻ³ڵɴʣȴվɴ֮źš
սӢһֱûԴ磬ػ
Ӣ֪Լ̫ȣֻô¸޷⿪Լñһľ룬һںźá
ȴȻǿĵһŸʲôϳ
ҪЩԸϽ⡭º񲻴׵үûʽ飬ЩȻطڣھͬһʵڡʵڡ
Ļȴ˵ȥ
Ȼúƽ͵ʵ񲻺ϣǲǣ㲻Ҫ˵ˣҪǸʹһң͹޹ء
ƺ֪Լλӣ̾һ³Ӣһү㶼ˣϳա
ӢһʱΣֻ˳ҿɴʣ˳ᣬȴڶлɫĳվС
ӢܽվԱһãĵԴ磬
ӢôЦЦȴߵĳˡ
ռ״Ҳٶ˵ֻЩȻĵԴ磬ҡزϲô
Ӣܼ˵ȦƺҪˣæҼĹֻºҳڶǡ
Ȼû˵ȴ΢΢˵ͷѾӣίǲǣ
˵ʵӢܳԼ̫䲻ôļ֮⣬Ů־ԵԼĳˣôĸ֮Բܲ
һʱ˵£濴һЩŴļأ˵ǹ̫ͥ๬Ůǳ࣬ң˿ڲ٣ʹҲ׳ۣû٣ǸģҲˣô£
պУ֪ڻرԼһ̾˳Ļʵȥʱ⹬ȷ̫ࡢйŮģԴӸʵǻң֮󣬾ͽˣһ̫빬ŮʣµĶԸģÿȡܸߵٺÿ»мٻȥ̽ӸĸΪʴȣ治̫࣬ǶŰŮ͵ȴֻѡһС¼ãģǶӦ츮ˣֻҪ£˵һͿԳȥġ
˵ֵʵܶԣĸ˵ȥĹʱٶʮ̫빬Ůźţƽʱûʲôãһֻһμ٣ôҶ࣬Թҵֻ߰˸ˣǱȹȥٶˣҾûòţʵЩǿԼģӦûһЩֹ۵㸸ʵֻͬĸ׼˵ҪйӣԼɺͳһҵһ£ʵҲûʲôҺһʲôģԴ磬಻ţ
ӢһϯʱȻ˾⣬ճôȻǼĸ׵ŵ֮ɣģܹ˼룬ܿɹˣ˵ͷҵȻţߵĶ裬˭Щֻ£ñģĸҲе
һЦҵȻȥЩصĻŮӻģҶᣬһѧ˴壬ֻϧģѪ壬ֻһ룬ȥɷˣԼûµʱڴĦһܹԼŪġ
ӢҲ֪Ѫ塱ʲô㵽жֵܽð
յĸȥһӣ̫˼һֱûѶĸʣһ֮͵ˣ˺öŻңౣ̥ҩŽҲûкӣҲֻһӣܿ˿ﶼϵĺӣֻлﵽڶûлϣĸ˵СʱܹţŮˡŮ˵һЩʷ˸ı䣬ټҪһЩܲ׻Ϻӣˣϧ


 302 ۻ2
˵̾һֵ磬㻹бãһ߸磬㣬ܵܣ߸ãԼһжʮֵܽãˣӻһǶʮĸˡ
˵ЦŮĸˣģû뵽ǰЩֻˣĸȡЦ
ӢԣҲ̲סգԼĳˣڵǽ檣Ůãֵúܰ
˵Ż͵һ⣬µ÷Ӣǰȥȴһǽһȴ֪յġ񹬡˶ٱǹϴһңǡۻ֡
մӢȥվŮæ¼һŮ˽ȥ
ӢܽùȴһĻ԰԰ȴ֮𣬵¥̨߾ͥԺģɽẶʯԷ⣬ˮңͨ룬б͸Σһ·ȥȴ̲֯Χ񣬱Ƕ䣬ʱδ԰֮ݺҷæ滨ԣ춷̡
ӢҲٵ԰˴Ҳ̲סػ԰
ˣЦԴ磬ۻǸʵǻΨһʽɵءȥľʹТȰ˸ؽģʡĸ󡢸λﻹ̫ϻʣ̫ϻʣԼûĵܵöһס棬ÿ춼ֵý
˵⻰üȴ΢΢һ塣ʵȥһλ²סʱ򻹽ھҲ͸һǴģĸ˵ǸǳľˣȻô˵ˣʮǰˡҲûлҲû
ӢԣжʱһճµغȻȥѵΪʲôǷ֮ȥִʲô񣬲Կ϶ǣһߣҲɵԼˡᱻ˰ܡ
ҲûзϣֻһҵǾ֣ѪӦ֪㸸ʶԼ˼ãԲŻǸӴ̨סٰ㣬ѵû뵽ʹ
һЦôûУԴ磬ңȻû㣬֪֪ʱԹһοһ˽̫ϻʡ̫ĸȫץסˣʷ˼ŽǾȳԺ¾ͷǳСģʹвŵùĴڸ֣ÿﶼйȥةرƵء롯ȡ󡯻Ҫö࣬кüѪ˴սڹͱɱˣֻ˼Ҫڹһµ̫࣬ǸҲһУµ˶ܹʼĶݣͽ̹ӦԵöԼֲ˺̫֮װӦȴʷ˰ţʾ˰׷٣󾹽̵һòӦ츮һֶȫˣ̼ʧ֮󣬾Ҳû
˵Ż˼Сţ߹һȣһţʱһԺӣ״һ򳡣ֻҪСЩ¥Ľ¸Լʮ䷿ݣ켫ǾɣűȻûƽɣ̻ԻͣĿţмһƬ׵𣬴ʱʮ굽ʮĺһӥ׽СϷĺò֣ʮ깬ŮԱֻЦڲԶſΣһһŮλ߰ʮ꣬ͷѾףȻ˸ˣʱһߺСģһЦǺǵؿţӢ̲µӦþĸĸ̫ϻ̫ˡ
ս֪˭һս
һӥץСϷĴСӾͺһ˹Χס
еĵն㣬ն㣬һȥݡ
еĵն㣬ն㣬ϴ˵Ҵ壬ʲôʱ
տЩܵãͷǸһЦһߴӦš
ȴһʮ꣬ҲŮӵЩСƤС֪֪նѡûʱˣɢΧս㡣
һ˵ţһЦӢһۡ
Ůôһ˵ʮӵĿȫӢűһҡְֺ۵СкץסӢܵ½ǵ磬磬㲻Ҫն㣬ѡͺٽˡնɲ
ӢܽԺЩϷĺӣһоһִδйܰ뻶ãղŻеĳ޾֮һɨա
СкӳûͷԵʮֿɰ㱧ʲô֣
кһƫͷ㻹ûдӦҲն㣬ҪǴӦңҾ͸ҵ֡һ
ӢܼСкͦأжʱϲˣŶʲôҿǿǡ
СкյĶߣĵһֻģԳ衣ܺģͰնòá
վԱСкĻɬǺЦСܣˣ
ӢˡʱôСܣ
յ˵ͷǵģܣĵĸӣƤˣܰ۸Ҹҵ
Сôһ˵ʱն㣬УСˡ
Ӣϲ̲סһڵðСܣҽдܣǿһԶ
˭֪СܾȻƶǶҡҡͷǲһԣնѡ㵱һԶ
ôһ˵ԱߵһȺССĺӶЦŶһԶһԶ
ǽеôֻԺˣһʱǵͨ죬ȴ޿κΡ
ʱǶѾ˹һЦļе׵кƨɣһߵ쵽һԼȥն㡣
긾ŮǴڼŮӵĶ˵ʲôЩŮӾͺȥк뿪
Ӣܲϰң¹֮񣬵ˣǹ¿ͷҲ޷Ҫϥȴ̫ϻһ֣ˬĵܶ㲻¹ǿģۻͿˣ£ѾˣôҶնģ˵˭˭ҵŮҲɡ
˵ްնͷն˵һв㸸ĸ˵ҩʦͽܶһǾҪʳɵӣѵ֪ȵүүүү˭Ҳ
ԣ͵ƳӢһۣӶˣһͷүүػŤ
ӢԼ˵ĿѾµѡԼ¾⣬һִţ̫ϻһ˵ˣ뵽ݹŮԼ飬ãȻ֮Щܳ
ȵ뿪̫ϻѾЦŵܶʶһ°ɣҽ󺣣ն̽񣬹ȥС⣬ˣ̫࣬ǻ治ϰߡ
Ӣܱգֻ󺣵ӲӲĳϼ룬ȥȷһЩֻ
֣˵ͷţҲмӣ˫Ӻ֣ܶҲȥʲôҲǲǽ飬ҵնѾˣǼҵıĸҪúõչҪί˵ӣңҲĹġ
Ӣܸо˵⻰ʱסԼֽ˽Ҳ͸һӴϵİжʱһ˵ԼֻСģֻδذ
ʱղӢ̫ܳѹæ󺣵ֱ۵үү˵ˣԴôģ
󺣷ָֻ֣ղŵĴ֮ɫЦնŮ˵ûôͰܶ
ֲ˼Žŵүү
ӢҲ֪꣬βģʵǲϣռ޸Լѻӵģѡ״ԣȴ⣬˵Լ˭֪վȻԼһκ˵Ȱ˵ҲֻʵϣԼܹҸˡ
ţͼһ߳߰긾ˣЩŸ죬еĴһĹŵװеȴŸĲöɵԴִϢķװòһĶüֻʺҲС
ҲսܣӢѾףĻʺǣкüλ磬ĸлĸ׻ܿУҲ֪
˼֮䣬ȺѾߵӢյǰȻһӢܡ


 303 Ĵͥ1
Ӣܵһ֮У˲ͬĿ⣬أûзУȻ죬ôע֮£Ȼһֲ˼Щֽ޴ĸо
ʱռӢЩæԴ磬ĸǼ˵ģҸλ
ָһŻѣΣѩ׷飬ݣӺݻĸ˵Ҳң
ӢѾ˵丸Щʺˣ֪쵤ҲԶŮ¹򣬾ͱȭһҾ쵤ͷ΢Ц
Ӣܼгȣ⣺￴ǸгǸˣֲÿ֮λûѡ
ʱָһŰѣᣬҲŵĸ˵Դ磬λҲǴġ
ӢȻĸҶǣ˵븸ھӣ÷ԸǳǫͣһҾҲǵͷһЦ
ֽ˷һ޳üĿ续ȴִʱеζһС硣Źŵ䣬Ӣ֪һӰĻý˾ͷŮǣһңСұ񣬱Ҿ
ʱָһӣĵǲ˿ɷˣǺǺûʲô
ӢæһҾǲ˿ҲЦͷʾ⡣
ʱָһλǻңİն˵ǹת
Ӣ֪һۣѧʱʦȻһЩĸòʺţϼµġֻ˵Ҳġа⣬
˿һָһԱһִΣټǾϸλңڵʽѶƳġ
մ˻Ӣһۣĸףϼ˹װ˾شʼлˡҲԼĸֻ۽ѾƣƺֻȷһСһӦ֮ϡ
ӢԼлȻ֪ǰѾŮɷֻòԵһЦ
ȽܵһȴʱУŽɫףȴŰɫѥԵǻԾݳһѩ׵ƻƺ٣ȥʮңӢܲսܡ֪ĸףƵӻܿˣΣĸס
ȻյԴ磬λҲܿһͷ
Ӣܻû񣬾ܿӢܣҸղ˵ûϢǲģѵһû𣿡
⻰һлҲǰҲ֪ô漱ˣ
ȴǵƽ㣬ܿãǶ𼱣棬һúչõģοá粽ء
ܿüЩżĵ˵òϼԽԽ׳ˣҾæҵ˲áá粽㶼Լ飬Ҳܳߣ浣ġ
ʱһ۵ܿã㲻صģôԣôʲôġ
ܿһŵһҲǵģǽͷɷ嶯֣治֪ʲôҲֻЦһһҪٲҳȥҾҪֵ춼
ܿеŮ˶ȥȰһһ˵Цܿƽ
Ӣܼ״ȴһ˵ʵ۵ĺһ࣬ⲻԴ׵飬ôŮˣȻദ÷ǳã⵹һѵõ飬Ҳ֪ǲǱϵĹ
ʱѾĸߣĸ󣬸أ
ӢһۣɫЩȻĵ㸸ΪȰ
ʱܿȴֱߵӢǰιӢܣ㻹ǹקİҵĹƽعȥԸ޸㣬ȻŲĵĲԸŮ飬㣬ҪնߣŲҾͲңǧҲһʵѡ
Ӣܼ̬ܿĿ֪Ը˭ˣദã֪ӦԸð취һԣͻԽ˵Խ壬㲻⻨ܿҪԼǱ
ʱ򷽼һۼ״ЦѾ׼ˣܶǻΪͥģնȥɡʲôϯ˵ɡ
մӦһӢܵԴ磬߰ɣǼ磬츸ʾͻ칦磬ЩӸȻû˵֪һֱڵѪӸҲðգ̻᲻ˣụ̂ңĺ󷽰ʾͿרĶԸɷˡ
˵⻰ѾӢһȺʺǰȥ
Ӣûм뵽Ǹһģնء
һЦһڸʵսűˣһҲѩ꣬ʷΪӢѹŮͰ赶Ū˵бһһ׵ģȴһϲĸҲұѧ˵ŮҪŮӵӣǴҵĺᣬҪһЩ
˵ŻվһָԴ磬㿴ˡ
Ӣ˳аָȥȻѩһʲôǰȴһɳ̣ңŨģ͡
ʱԴ磬֪֪ʵʿʼͦϲģ˵һʶζҪһЩֵõ˺ȣ˵㣬һǷǳģ书ǣҡֶôãʸǸˣĸ͸λǰúõİһ٣˵ҳѡҲõģ˵һֺĴ󽫷ȣѵõĵǡǺ֪Ѿ˻飬Ȼʧˣ١òã
ӢܼŨĴͥΧδģҲرĲģԼĶԹû˽֮ǰȷߴһˣٽһ˺κһˡ
˼ţѾһ֮ڣȴһõòǺݻεĴԿΧʮϣʱѾһЩȡ
һߵ˴ڹŵһ£־ײ˾£Ȼǣȥܣ˵ӢѾˣԷ
ߵǵߣ˵Щʲôǵ˵ͷͳȥˡ


 304 Ĵͥ2
ĶӢܵԴ磬ϲͥգƽʱԷһ룬ӣһǸĸиλǵģһЩѾӹģһүү̺ȺСӵġ
˵Żһ󡰿ඣඡĻղȺССŮŮĺѾ嵽˴⣬ͼ쵤ȻʺǸϽӭϳȥùŮˮԵĺϴ֣Цһźò֡
һ󣬾ͼʴĵܵӢˬѩӢܣϽǰȵֵ÷򣬺ðҪǼֵܺúõĺһղ˵书ܾ
˵ŻһŮЦŵͷ
ѩȻһһ䣬ǵĽ֮飬ߵѩԱߣֵ㣬Ǹɵľͷôû
ѩЦŴһµô˵ԼĽģǰ˵ѾȥôҲ֪Ϊʲô
ʱȴЩСӡʣʡĽӢ֪ˣȥȻѾһɫбװ˽ﱧһСȴСܡ󣬳˸һľǣһλŮӣʮͣѩӣңͿѻüᵤ͸һɽ֮һɫɵشִȹۡȴڲסС͹𡣲˵Ȼλˡ
ЦŵģбƳӢһֽۣˣߵ˲ߣ¡ֱ뽯ҲЦǺǵǣż˽һˣǰ£쵤Ҳ߸ˡ
Ӣһߣֻѩ꣬ȴŻܿ磬˵콫еôǻû
޽ΪпҪһ³Աôʶʶڸıˡ
ʵĻնʱʱһ䣬ĵӢһۣѾӯӯȻΡ
ѩõ˼ʹݺݵصӢһۣסõ֣ȻյĶԣȰ˵ʲô
Ѿ֪ʾӢܶΪҲܹԼõĻ£ԽӢһ̨һֱ⡣ȴȳȣٸ֮ҲǲѾǣּɱ̵ĵ޳ƷԿ񣬵磬׷ϸˣҲԼ£͸ǰ⣬ΪõôһӢˣǴԼֶأý˻ģһ¼ʶԼĺġ
˭֪ʺȻ˵ı⣬Ҳ⣬ҪˣԼΪңشɲܲ˵̲סվʣҿӢܲնԼϲ㡭ܲٿǿǡ
ȴһʣò¡
˵ȴһӢǸ˲ţΪҲܲ÷ҲԽһѣӢܣԸԸ⣿
Ӣ£еһվһֵլʺѣ֮á
ƺ˼ʲôһŵ˵ͷţʣӢԶֵͣǶྴ
ֶӢܵӢܣξȻջˣս̨˴󹦣ȻΪƷ½Ըܡ
Ӣ֪ܣֻģҽԼļƻ˵ͷһҾֵлϡ
¡
գɫֱȻնҵȥ
ѩˣӯӯ˹ȥһһҵߡ
ӢºʾͿʼԼļܵȴ塢ɷຮƽԶʽʮ꣬ҪС꣬ȴӢҪ꣬سӣȴͬ꣬༸˾ͱСˣƽԶŸʮꡣ
˵ȽӢܱȴ绹СӶЩ⣬˲𣬶׷ǰƣȴһʮ׸ߣܹװƵĴףӢܾ󣬿ʼ߲ܣȵһֻǾƸʴྡྷ̩ɽɵġѩ족֮ϣʵڵвֵܣʵȻһζȰƣֲãȶֻ³һֵжûоһȾˣ
ƽʱҵǳģһôȾƣЩʱˣԣһ°ա
ӢܵðѵᣬֵۣΪ磬Ӧó緶ܵʹǣֻȰңƺЩˡ
ֶСƽԶӦȾǣԳϵؽ̵
ƽԶһֵۣ֮һЦøúһһʵԶܣСٺЩ
ƽԶˣɿĽһȻžףʾβʣ磬ɲ֪ҽɣδ֮¡
˵ֵһ磬Ǹһ
ҲϲܵܣЦǣԶܣãҾһ
ʼƽԶںֵǺȾƣԼĿɲܵܣȴԱߵʼ
ӢܼԼ㲻ĥģæ˾ףȴȥ뽯ƺӢӡ󲻴ЦǺǵĺˣȴֻմմ
Ӣܾ󺣷̱֮һŮľ׵Ӣ΢΢һЦȴȥ
ʴȣǻ˻֮ˣ¹ŮҸҲԣӢܹ鵱Ȼãʵ޷ҲֻˣŮӺúദ˭֪ӢһԵͷûоһڻؾȻҪˣʵֵܾƣҲȷ뽫֮⣬Ӣ׼ʢƽԶͻ⿪Ȼֻھϯ֮ϣҲԿ˵Ĺ۲ĸƣԼҲͣ̾˾ܳΪŮӵϣмԼӰӡ
һһٵǿʱ֮ײһӢܲûϬĿбѹס΢΢һЦϣǼ磬ҲûôˣĹأһס
ҲԼľӢܣ㻹ǲǵʱ˵Ļ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǵãƲƶбɷµġ
ҲһͷǵþͺãӢܣͣ书ǣǽشձضǰ;
˵žһ


 305 1
ӢܵҲˣֻȻڷ֮ϣȴ޷һ϶ĽۡԵĸӣܿģҾڵһʴˣ֤Ĺȥû۵㣬Ͼƶһ֮䣬Ž⣬Ҳϴĸ
ʱȴ΢ԱߵʣԼҲ˵Դһ嵨װģǲ˵ԴҲõ仰
ŮְӢ˵֪ҪɵѾͷǴ죬ɵúڴӦȥԼԷ򣬻˻֣ӢԱߣԼȴĬĬŽ֮
һʽйȥ˵һ˶ȳȥˣֻӢֵܻںȾơ
ֱɢʴ˼Ӣܵסȥ˴ʱ˾⣬˵ȣʲʱһЩ£ӢҲǾ
ۿŵ⣬ʱһҾֵֵܣȥЪϢţģһ¡
Ӣܵʲô£
ʵ㣬ǲǾ˲ȢնΪޣ˵նķϣٸһǣı⡣֮ǰ𸴣Ҹ㣬ǧҪãǴӦ£Ҫպն˰ίŹġ
˵̾һֵܣӦ֪ն⣬ҿǷǳ㡣ǳͥ칦硣ҲµòֻҪӦ˻£ʾͻǵĻڣؾˣôȻε֮ѡΪ̶裬ѡҲֻȰźõġնԼûг棬ܹ˵ùȥֵܣʵҶҲͦͶԵģϣǵĹϵܹһЩԼúõһ룬ǡ
˵һҾ֣һͷļ򶫱ߵȥ
ӢܳĬãŽݣЩŵʿϵãѾõϢӢܵصҸղǸûˡ˵ңһŮΪޣֱƷ½ظ֣˶ޱĽĿ߽ʿȥȡ˵·
ڵСԺţӢܾԺеʯ֮ϣ췢¡ȴ˼糱Ĳ̵̨ؼս棬ڻʹ￴һҵܰ˼ʵֱ֣֮һеΣҲȻ
뵽ӢкȻ¶ԼĳˣԼܹ취ɱܹ
һɱ֣˵һֱǸǳѪɱֻ֣Ҫȷ˶󣬾ûʧ֣Ѫȶ˵Ѿ˾ռߣԼҪɱӴ˵ңȺףƱػֻֿңɷ˳ɱ룬ʵȼӣȻŵ㣬Ŀǰ˵ǳûһܹΣһң֪ãҲ֪ж޹ذڷСһңһܰҸ˻ЦļңһԿ϶Ļʺ֮бȻΪ֮ѳģǸʹеĴԺɻһƬƲ֮УûҸû˻ЦеֻǱֻǳޣաʺͰʣֻҲҪԼɱ֮죬ΪңյĹУͨѾȫƻ޷ȥҪΨһһ·ȴֻȥͶɷ壬ɷ˾ɵӣȻҪԼһЩңգɥĲ£Լ·Ը·
ʱӢһδйìУԼĳˣܲҪǱ˳ȴֽ漰̫ˣ㵽һʲôˡ
ʱӢԽԽ侲Լңţһûʵۣ޿ɣһһøףɷ򣬺öӣһһһһУʴȣеİ˵ϣԼһ˿аѵһǣһĸӵķǡ
ڴ˿̣Ժ͵ðһеͷһжĸƭԼԼɱôֽ龰
һˣӢܻ֪ð亹£һֱвȷȫʵԣǡԽӴԽܸоǣƺȫϤģֻҪԼССȻܹԼȥҪӽ̽ؼƻǲɵġ
ʱһĸԼٳ֮ǰǸСӣ˵ֻҪĶͻ֪Լ˭ĶӣҷԸԼûаɱ֮ǰǲܴ򿪵ġ
˵ʵӢܴСܵѵ֮СҪԷӲΪʲôģü򿪣뵽ĸ׵ִͷ׼һЩԼаնԸ֮ʱٿǡһսѾʶҪȵԼذɱǲ֪Ҫٵʱ䣬˿̣̫ҪһˣΪγޣԼѾѹֵ̫ãԽԽе֪ࡣǺҲֻĸ׵һҲȻһ񣬵һϣ
ӢѶ߽СУӴͷһóԼİȡĸ׸ԼǸСڴߣťСӶʱ˿ӡӢǰģȴһСµ΢¼
ӢѾ¶˾ģͲԥˣ΢¼Ļťһǡȴ˵ĽţһֿҪϢĸо¼ûõĶĽһƬãȻˡʱĸ׵Ѿ¼ﴫ˳ȴܶûв´һǰӣѾˣԼ˼룬費ġ
ӢȴһĸĿǣһڱ¼ȴһů
¼֪ܶһֱûȫҵĻȥDʡ׷£Ҳ֪
ʱȴ¼ͣ˺þãݷٴδᣬֻܶԲƭ㣬ûɱظףûɱ⹫š
䡰ƭ㡱һӢܵĶУʱ类׺䶥һ㣬һ仰ޱڴģҲ޷ţȥŵģƭ㣬ƭ㡱ԼĸףȻƭԼһθͲڵѪƭԼôܣôܣݷԼĸѵDNAؼҲм١


 306 2
ȴ¼ͣ˺һݷһƽ֪ܶں𾪣ѹỳǲĸףǣҿԸ㣬ĸףȴһϸ񣬲ְĸס
ӢܴʱҲʼ侲֪ȻһβΪ֪أҪĸ׵˵Щʲô
ݷֵܶȥҸ㽲ĹұģڣҪ㽲һʵĹ¡
ݷ¼ͣһ£ƺô˵һŵܶʵҵݷǽзأ쾩ѧУѣҵһҲȫıˡ
ŵʱҵѽ˼ĸ׾ǵʱaʡʡͬͬѧһһѣڴѧѧãΪһҹܻŮ˵˼ͬѧ֣ҲǸ߸ӵܣԾݺһ֮Ȼصʡǣȴȫˣǿ󣬶Ӣһ˵һ˵ˣҲûм
Ӣĸ˵ʱЩһԹޣȴּһֿóĽ밮һ̣ѾԲµЩʲôˡ
Ȼĸ˵ҹȥȻ˵£ûмɼ֮صһۣҾһֱ˼Ҫùˡ³֣ǳģȻ֪ôģ˼ҵѡһΪҵУҲĸȨƺٻԼûӵܣԸ˼ŮѣֻͨĸװұҵְѧŮͨϲΣףйᣬϵҪҵһԼǰ̵ĹǺѵģûг֣ұ׼ڱҵ׸Һ˹ʶһЩˣվ˽ţͺ֣Ǿ޸˼˵ģһֱ룬ûкͬӡ
ݷƺѾ˻֮УЩȥÿ˵ٴŮԼǵ˶ú޴ʱͻ֮Աǣĳ֣ȴ仰˵ǶôȷһȻӾǿңұȻȴϲеˣҲǳӣʱûȫԼʧ֪ڱ˼ҲֻĹߡǣһŰɫıʱcannenaGT˼ǰڣɽׯһһεŪƽʱ߸ϵ˼Сĺݱ˼ҵʱҲ߽ҵҵı׵ռˣҺǰſ񣬸˵İ֪Լˣ޿ɾҩİˡ
صʱȻЩֹ˼죬ȻҵңںͿ֮нӸҲֻ֪ͨ˼ռܺط֤ݣٺϼѾԽԽ˼ܺȺ֮ԷԽԽʶͲңߣ̫Ůֻһߣһ֮ͻǵĹߣҾ뿪aʡҪҵǰҫ֪ؾһͨŮˣһԲϵŮˡ
ʱغȻһ̾ԳaʡҲ֪һŮҪ洴ҵǶôѣٴûл㶼һɣҪõȴ̫˸㰵ʾҵȻֻһҲֻݵˣǺǰ
˵ֶһٲŵйһʱ䣬˹ȥѧʱһͬѧָһ·˵LȻսңڵԴǳḻұû˶ýʶ⣬ֻҪ˹׼·ӣһԷƵģ̫Ҫˣ̫ҪǸ֤ԼˣԾðյLȥֻõһͰȻ󾡿ǸսҵĹǣ͵ȥLһжˣҸ̤Lأͱͷ̣ˣȻ˼ԺҾϵȵļŮ
ҼȻѾ·ͷҪȱߵøãԾջLһ̩Ľң¾͸Ҹ˵һ̩սͨߵˣһõ֮ĲƲʮԪȻ뿪LԼһ߹Ů磬ʶĽӽЩ̣޸ǣȻ뷨ɱǣԼĲƲԽԽ࣬ȻҴž޶ĲƲصйʱ֪ҵҲھ˵ķչѾʼ˳Ϊй׸ҵʲǱ٣λ֮𣬶Ҹ֪ҳǰһ鵽ҵľƲҡ
ʧʱһϣҿڵһ̸ΪѧУĳɼǳ죬̨ȥӹڽԼ֮ȻСԵúܴ˵ǳĵ壬ҼϵĽһ̣ҺȻһͷҼȻԶȲҵĶӻŮѵͳϣһƻһΪһļƻһӣһǿó˿ĺӡ
ΪƻһʱҺӵĸףһᣬΪˣҽӽ˳ջһ£ڻУܶҲӦ֪ˣ㣬֪Լ֮󣬾뿪
ӢֻʼףԼĸ׾Ȼţ˭˭һץס¼ȥ
Ȼزû˵Ӣ£ȴ֮ɹʿڵзΪˣĵõĽȴһˣĥԽ࣬ôͻԽӿ죬ɹĻҲ󣬶еְҵУһǺģǾɱ֣Ҫ֣侲¸ңǣԼͻ¼ӦҪսʤҲ߱ЩҺԥĻصLټ̩һЩֲӾɲ˳Ѫ飬ҽЩ
˵ֶһٵ㳤һ˼֮Ҿ뿪㣬㽻Ѷ㣬ֻLһ¶ǲõһĸûκһѧԸΪ֪Ƿǳظģŵ㣬Ҳȱ㣬һˣһԿսʤٺ㸸׵ĻãĳɳȻûʧǸִܻʱı֣ѶҲе̾ٴһ֮˵ϿΣʷθȤʶҰģѧһɹѧһС


 307 3
˿̷ֵٺ㶼֪ˣܶ˵ʵıֵȷǳҵԤڣÿһοĳɼҶеޱȵ˷ܣҵļƻûа׷˼ںܶ෽棬㲻Գǵ׼֪һĶ֮ȴʧˣһʧپ꣬ЩһֱһһȥÿһʱҪʧȻһЩǳַǳŵŮһֱе棬Ҳ˸ٹ̫ƻˣֻҪһһ֮ڣҵ˾͸޷ҵκӰ֪ȥһطһ˱仯ĵطһȥ֮ãҲǸطʲô£һ̫Ҹеˣ׳ҵܣ˭֪㾹ȻһΥҵһΪҵŮҷǳҲǳʧ㲢ûе飬Ҿ¶棬һȥսʤȥ׳ʲôطѾͷȻؾҲǼʶ㣬㣬Ҳҵһͷʲô˵ˣȻһֻû뵽ȻǵطʲôʵֲۣϼŻᷢչѸ٣ֲϼŵʽǷǳۺ񡣲Ҳǳ˷ܣȻܹǵطʵۣΪʲôҵĶӲܣ뿴ģһУеĹ뽾֪ҵĶӣҷصĶӡ
صʱԽԽˣóҲ΢΢ĲܶţֻҪݵģҪսʤûпܵģǣʱɱذգ㣬ҪɱȻȻһˣҲҲҪ̫Ӻǿֻǲܽܵġ
˵Ѿ÷ǳìһŵܶԲҲһĸףʱʱ̶̿Σ֮У֮ǰҲ᲻ãΪʵ̫ڴƻˣ뵽ҵ֣뵽֪ҵĶ֮ɥӣķǳǳ˷ܣΪƻ̫Ѫˣس
صȴܶĺìܡ֪˵ʲôô㣬һ˽ĸףһȫ˽ĸףҲ֪Σǣ㻹ǵ˵Ļ𣬲ôҪģأҲҴˣش̫ںˣȴ޷õܶңĻʵ۲Ҫ軹㰲һƻһΪһΰˣ㲻սʤҲûϵûУסһҪţúõĻţҪһӡ
˵¼Ҳûˡ
ӢȻ¼ڴͷȻ֮䣬ЦֺޣԼԭģԼϣͷβֻһߣһĸΪ˱һܵõ˵عߣÿЦҲÿɱ˭˭ҵ˭ΪʲôҪңΪʲô
ȻʲôҲûֻĬĬĿʼһ֮УĥѣûᣬҲᣬмᣬڣֻʹʹĿһ׵׵Ŀһϻʲô±ȱԼĸøϻʲôǱĸ׿ڿ˵һԼ׵˸
ʹಢĬĬܼģӢԽԽ£Ȼ嵽ԺһһȭʯʯʱȻһǣӢֲͣĻȥʯʱķѣֻʣһʵĵʯȻһȭһȭʯ»ţʯǼӲĻɣӢܼĻ֮£ʯмɽȭͷҲѪģľʹȴƺкһЩһһͷ˵ʨԺﴭϢãŻָ˼ʯ֮ϡ
ʱһͷ뵽ľ棬жʱһɣô˵ԼĳˣǽͷϵƺѾעıõ˽ѣΪԼĿƭ棬ҲһƭԼĸףܹʱҲǺԼһһ޷ѡľزĸףһĲܣûǶγޣôӱ˵УԼĹ۲죬ȷһʴˣǣԼ˵Ǿ䡱ɷһ£ġԼܹȫĸϣһûдԼȻƭ棬ԺúõȥȥԺһܹĸܵ˺Ѿ޷ֲ
뵽ʵĻԼ֮ǰػӢѾƬ֮˾Ҫȥʹĸ׵ĻŸ֪ԼѾ˻飬ҪʲôӦǲġ
һӢԺ˼糱һҹδߡ
˵ڶ峿Ӣܾźʹȥǳţʱȴţһʮ꣬ƽ׵ĽվڳϺȵʲôˣ
ӢϵƷ½Ӣܣ֮ǰȥͨһ
ӢܱΪ´ʱѾӦ츮ǽʱɫһϽһҾԭүȵһȣҽȥͨϣԸԸ㡣
˵תһʿԸһʿ˳ǽڳȥ
ãǳŲſӢ˽ȥȴһʮ̫ڳź󣬼æһҾүҴ㵽Ԫ๬ȥ㡣
Ӣܵͷ̷̫ǰ·Ӣܽ
һ󣬾ͽڳǣԪ๬ȥ
Ԫ๬̫ɴ鷿ȻүȵһȣϽסھۻһȺŲ衣
˵֮䣬һŮŲյˡ
Ӣܵ˶ʮӣһ΢ĽŲӰһΣɫ۵Ѿ˽ϵӢܣҲӹһ˿ϲ⣬Ȼǰ֮ϣӢܣôǲѾǺˣһ𸴡
Ӣܼ治֪ʲôζӦһ۵ǿߣһĳǣȴĸһŲŵˣһĸĸһ˾޴仯ˣԼȥȴɢǹԹҪ˶Ե֮ν͡
ʱӢվһҾϣҽ˵ݵġ
ԣһɫȴǲ䣬ŶӢܣĪ㻹ʲôޣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲǾˣңҲ֮д룬


 308 ̸1
ԣ֮жʱһ죬Ӣܣô֪ңģ˭ңڵģ
Ӣܲûֱӻش𣬶óһֱе΢¼Ӹ
УҲһ㶣žͰ˿أ̣صʹ˳
ǰ䣬ɫ΢䣬ԭǷصĶӣ
ӢĬĬĵ˵ͷȴһԡ
ֿʼȥŷصһĴУȴǷ˼΢̾
Ȼ˵Ҿ¶棬һȥսʤȥ׳ʲôطѾͷȻؾҲǼʶ㣬㣬Ҳҵһͷʲô˵ˡ
һ仰ʱɫʱ䣬Ҳ̲סȻվӢӢܣʲô˵
ӢĵϣҶʲôһȻ㣬꣬Ҳ㡣
ʱǻ۹ˣʱֱȹȥҪö࣬˲뵽Ӣܶʲôˡ£ǾԲὫ¼Լģ±ȥеĻ꣬Ҳ˸Ҳ޷ƽ
¼ûӢܺȻվһҾ
һӢܣʲô˼
Ӣܵô˵ѾҵҰ㣬ҲӦõġ
һֵţն¡ҲûС
˵Ȼ뵽һ£һ䣬ѵ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣҺѾ˻顣ң£Ҳҵġ
ʱޱȵǷƭأǲǣ
ӢܼƺҪѵԼ֮⣬ȴʲôҲ£ϣôҲ㣬ƭҵĸסûкڣܲ
һȻĬĬλһܺձ˹ᣬҪʵˮƻAʡһһƻйľáҲ֤ݣڱѡ֮£ֻĸףҲǲѵ£Ҿڣڣһô
Ӣ̴ǲܹ
̾һܡ
û뵽ش˸ɴ࣬ӢܵҲ̹ģܺãֻҪܹԭңһֲҵعʧģأΪҵĸʲô
վ츺֣жŲƺ˼ʲôָһŵӢܣĸϣҵȷȫ޹ĸһҰĵŮˣ޷ȥҲϸһЩǺҴһ绰ҲûκϢˣȴû뵽ôĺǿսеLȥһٴײеֶı˵ĲƲǿɱ̾
˵̵Ӣܣ㣬İֻ
ӢܵһֵþŮˡ
ȻҲҪȥ㵽ǲİ
ӢܼѾЩż֪ŮУ˵ͷȥǾ˻֮ҷһֵȥȥϧŮˡ
ɫһͷӢܣ㲻ϴӦնĻ£㻹һˣǵԼӣĸҲûаһˣıʺܲ
Ӣ֪ʱض˵Լػϡ
ȻһֵܶȻѾףǽ޸ʰɣҲǳϣĳƺ
ӢԼĻ£ԼʣǾ˵ԼҵһԱˣ뵽ĸ׵£ȴԲʮֵȻʵˣ޷رܣֻýһǣʡ
Ӣôһƺ϶ʱ¶˴Ц⣬ܶҶԲĸףģңһƽҾͻԵȥǸǳ֮£㲻ҪϣǸúӣϲ㡣
Ӣ֪ѾԼﲢǺܹ¼ӣȥĸ׵ǸеԹȷҲһ£ϾȥΣҷɡҲĸ׼Լͷǻģ¼ﲻԼɱǾ˵ĸ׵лŰ᲻ˡ
ʱ̲סʣңʵΪʲôһֱûɷ壿
΢Ц֪ܶȥɷ˶𣿡
Ӣҡҡͷ֪
ӽĵ۽ʮǰʾռɷȫ꣬İ궼Ҫ鶡֮࣬ܽ˰֮࣬ҪɷɧŲɱ֮࣬յؿֻ뺦£ҳ֮ʱǴĿģҵǻ֮˼ԵɣܽһڲǴûоսңѾԿգԼԹܹϾÿһսǹűǿܹսʤˣʹҴҾٱһս³ԽֿʼЩյϱûо೤ʱȫûʲôսֻаװֻˡŮСûͶ㹻֧žӴ̵ݣһֶѭǸ޷ϢӶԹذ졭
˵ӢܶʱףʣЩһֱûɷ忪սǽǵɷһߣðʿȻоԵƱһٽɷƷصĽѵ
΢Цŵ˵ͷܴܶҵ˼ҹʩңİԽԽãҲԽԽǿľʳ㹻ʮ֮ãɷ෴ʱɷͺһͣɷȥؽСģɧŽɷıͲ࣬˻ֻôǵͶͻ٣ټǱʯʳֻǿãҵ̽Գ꣬ϽδСĽǶϿһѾʤˣʣµֻʱ⡣
ӢܼϴʱѾ¶ޱȵţɢһƺܵĹâ֪ĸΪʲô˵ܽˣ˵κνʱҲӦýĲԣȷģȻңľƱɷһֲսʱ䣬Ҳؼңʿⳡս֮󣬰꣬ٵʱ䣬ңͻ»ָƽǸʥ۴Ļʵۣľǰǵĸ
ӢжԽԽ壬뵽һ£ʣЩһ̽ӵɷȥɡ
䡰ʡһνеõʵ⣬ȻȻ˭Ժģĸ׵µȻдȴΪֹаȨ䣬һεѡ񣬶ѡԼΪľ⣬ĸֻ֣ºܹϾǼаģʱҪȥֹˣֻбҪĳʲôȻǵ㻯л뻤޺Ҳɱֹɱ֮Ⱑ
˵ͷϿûʲôƺڰʵ֣֮ѾĲ֣ɷĶü֮Ϊ䣬ڼ䣬䣬䣬֡
˵ӢܵܶѧһЩ£֪˼𣿡
Ӣһͷ֪ν䣬ʹйϰΪνڼ䣬зĹΪν䣬ʹԵļΪãν䣬ɢ鱨õзļ֪죬ν䣬ҷļзڲ̽鱨ͻ
ˣɫϲܶĸ׵ȷò涼ܳɫԣ˵˼Ѿȫˣ̵ĸü䣬Ҳ޷յǵľ岼𡣡
Ӣ̨ʱѾµﰲ̽ҴӦûǽеҪпʣµĶȭ֮һ˭ͺѲ²⵽ˡ
ʱ뵽һ£ʣն˵ۻȥһճµϲʲôھҲǴģǸľˣ֪Ϊγȥˣǲǣ
ԣ˵ͷն⺢ӣ¶˵ˣȷôһˡ
ӢܵΪʲôȥaʡˣҲһЩ
ѧһЩ书ԶڳˣҲģȻûѧ䣬ȻչȫӦû⣬ڹھһҪ񣬱С£ͷ
Ӣи֣ʵڲ֪ﻹʲôֵ֣ʣġеؾħôǺ񶼲᣿


 309 ̸2
ʱȻһ̾еؾħȷǳԵϺе湦ֱ֪֪Ϊаɵһ湦ķȫڹۣ߻ħɾϣӶȫ̱޵й˾ŸʮڹӣֻҲǹһصģԲ򲻵ѣǲὫķκһˣѧĶǼڵڹ޺
˵⻰ӢֿЦĸףֻ޵뷨ֲһˣܶ˵ʵܻڣҲһ漣ĪѾ˵Զ£Ǻգ˵ǾһĻԵ֮£ǵ֮ϸϸ򣬵ޱȣѪӵɷзܶ嶾֮ͨȫ磬׵֮˵ң书˭ܹѪӣǾͷĪҪòǡ
Ѫӵ书Ӣ̹ܶģʱ׿˵ԼȻпܳǣҲǰԾϲ֪ǷĿԡ
ʱֵܶȻѾ޵ȥնԭԭͷܶ˵òã
ӢܼԼϣŮͬʱ޸һˣ˵ͷ
ȥ񹬽աžѯӢܹȥһЩӢܲʲôͽԼСԼLй¶Լ˵ˡȻԼϽʯ﷢Լ޸Լ뷨Ǿ˵ġ
ĬĬţӢܳӢܼϼŵ־Լչй£Ȼһ̾ܶʵѾĸˣȻĺݣȴ˲ųԶġǻʣ޶ǴһΣ֮Ун죬ҲεлأҪһûÿһ˶޲ϣǷһ⡣ЩǱĥвģܶҳϣ뻳ʶҪ㣬ʱգ֮£޲òĸףȴԶ޵
ӢҲ֪ĸһֲпķʽӵķֻ¼ظĸõԼҪ˺ӣҲһһ۰мӣ޲Լȥڵеķ꣬ԼĿ࣬Σգɵõ˵ͷ
˿뵽һ£ʣ̩ɽɷӡΣ
˭֪˻һ΢Ц̩ܶɽɣǷ𱨣ɥǲǣ
Ӣԣʱһʣô֪
һЦˣ氲Ű̩̽ɽı֣ȷǿȦɵ㣬ҲûôˣȻʧ٣ݼ㲢ϲҲûкֳȣΨһĽ;֮ѺۣѾ˽⣬ô
˵⻰ҡҡͷǴˣʵע⵽ˣںܾǰ볯Ϊ٣֪һЩй£Һ壬ȴݹĻԾͷˡ
ӢˣǶޱȣ֪
ʱִЦЩڻʹڶĿܳıߣι񡣡
ӢܼɫȻţ̬ҲΨдܹ䣬ĸ׵ҲһǳܹһҲȻȻ־òƥ֮ȷǸŮˡ
Ӣаһ̾ȴʣøζԸˡ
̻شȴܶ޵㣬ޣӦδ£ˡ
Ӣ֪ڿԼˣ˼һ˵˰֣ʩСԹۺЧ
Ŷ˵˵ĵ
Ӣ֮ܵںһģδаδаҪʲôطȻݶлģ̺ɷУսһڴ˴ⷽǵһѺ֣Ҫˣ̩ɽɵĵӢ£սҲһ֧ӦʩǴ˼Ұģ̫̫ʵֻ׸˾ˡ
ĬĬ˵꣬Ȼһ̾ܺãܺãܶؽ˼·ֲУҲض֣ҿĵն£Ǻǰ򿪣ĸ׵ķԸ飬ˣıֶȻδ㣬ֻҲҪͷ۵ý
ֵѾױдˣȻ֣͸ǣ̩ɽĶΪ̩ɽҵԱ̨µı֡˵ֵ֪ܶΪʲô֪Ǽʼ壬ҪдȻĸ𣿡
Ӣ΢һ˼΢ЦΪȻպݶȴǳעºŽġƽʱȻҲЩ֮£ôһ̧᲻ٵҲգʼҲãܻЩ֮µģԶȱƳı࣬Ӷĺ̫ࡣ
Ӣܣû˵ȴȫǼ͡
ʱȴ̫﹫ݵ
⻰ûãͼһŮӯ˽һɫˮī磬ȹ࣬ˮΣܣҫѩ⣬ﲨ캬ӣ죬Ʒǳ㣬߻﹫ա
յȦ΢΢Щף㲣ƺһҹδߣӢôˣҲӹһ˿ϲ֮⣬һŮݼʡ
ӢһݣնԴ硣
麣ĹˣŮβ֮⣬аһ̾ն㲻ӦýнܶԴˣӦûƺ
ôһ˵նʱˣΪڿԼЦһѩ׵ߵͨ죬һŵʣ桭ǵġ
һæնн򡣡
⻰һյĶУסˣ㵵Ÿ׵㡭˭
һָӢܵǽܶѾˣǰ˵Ӿ㣬Ľ𣿡
䣬ͼĽǱȻĿ紵һ£͵һžʧʲʲôԴף
ӢܼԼɻ뾪죬֪Լٲ˵ǲˣ˵ͷնҵȷףѾҵӡ
⻰˵ɫ԰ףӶʱһӢæվ𣬽ԼԱ¡


 310 ľ
ڿĬȻ˺þãЩŵԴ磬桭ôôôɣ
Ӣܻûлشȴ̾һնʸһȻˡ
˵Ż΢¼˿أصĻʱ
ţȻͿһֱǶλỹڹѩ׵Ѿ滨ꡣ
ŮǺʹ˹ȥһ߽ͷ§Լؼ䣬һıնԲ𣬸Ҳ֪ӣҶԲ㣬ҲԲܶ
ʱպȻ̧ͷ㻹ԲԴĸףʣȻ㶼ôΪʲôԴĸҲһȢˣôĿ࣬ó㣬ҲΪ̫˰
˻һشӢҲܹ˼һʱȻǲԼĸףĸ̫Ұģ̫ļƣŮȢţֻңĺ󹬴Ӵ˾ͺѰпĸΪ˶ռһЩݶﻹۻľ棬ԼҲ
ʱܹŮ̫ࡣֻõնʹȥ»㽲ģеǷֱҲ⣬ô˵ܶѾĽˣҲѾǼͥһԱҪúദǡ
Ӣˡæ˵ͷʣһõİնõġ
Ȼմʱȴû˵ĬĬĵʹͷƺڳ˼ţӢ֪˼ŶԴµľԼͬضһۣûٳ
˺һ󡣲żմӻͳһӻɫ˿һϵۣվӢܵԴ硣㰮ҵĽ𣿡
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷܰ
ȴ΢Цھۻôһ˿ֵĿġ
˵⻰ӢܶǴ֮ˣʱµʲôˣɫ΢䣬Ӣȴ˵ζһ˻᲻ϲŮӡһ˻ܾŮӣھۻһУȷ̫ˣܰسһ׷ΣܹõΪޣϧģԼһͥһһֵĴͥǸжð
Ը˵ΥĵĻܿ϶ĵͷܿġ
ԣȻһЦǾͺԴ磬Ӧ֪ĸ׽ðգ
仰ʱҲӢ˵Կ϶Ҫ˵ʲôˡȴ̲סһ֪
յϴʱһСȴܰ棬ҽЩ£Ҽǵаѩ߸Сˣӣ֪ǺϲҵģҲϲˣһһö춼ģԴ磬˵᲻ỹôϲң
Ӣ֪Լͬ꣬궼Ƕʮ壬ңʱ򲻹ʮ꣬С꣬ʱҲа˾ˣȻм䣬Ȼﷸ־飬Ϊȴͨᣬǳ׺ദ˵Լˣͷģôϲá
ֳõһЦžͻعͷʣʱΪԴбӣǴӦҵľںˣԴӾ㣬ǸúõദģҲصı˻۸Ůˣѵܺ𣿡
ȻϲӢܣҲԼ͵ĺ󱲣Ҫ绨Ů޸ͬһˣҲǲԸʱӢܣֲ˵ʲôֻõնɣҵۻȥĸүүô˵òã
һͷðɣһĸ˵ģʣ͹ȥɡ
Ů飬ֻ֪Ȱ˵ҡͷӢܵܶΣ㶼ҵڳһլѾ׼ˣͰȥɣ޽ڹо칦磬ʱ֪޵ؾˡ
һ˵ţһ߾ͽӢȥĴլ
˻ʹУԼ˶ʮӣûеӦ츮УͼһլǴլϵҴû֣Žߡһ۰ɫĸǽ
ſվһµؼҶǰæҾ˽ȥ˽ȥȴ԰֣ܻľŨܣһʻءˮʯбŰм߸ߵһͤӣԱ߿һʯ̫ʯĵۣһ·УȫЩҩԡǾޱXľ֮࣬ڻ֮Сֽһܻߵ¥԰ȻԶۻô󣬵һϲ
Ӣ߽¥֮Уȴ¥һԱļ䷿䣬¥ϻ߰˼ݡȻݻǳµ䵭ʱѾڴɨҡ
¥ִӢȥں治Զĳ񷿵ȵطһһʮꡣӸݣһɫѵӴӻ֮˹
ָү˽ƼѧǸĹܼңʲô¾ˡ
ֵƹܼңݼү
ƹܼǻ飬æݵڵصүСƼѧͷ
Ӣܵ˵ͷƹܼңɣ£Ҫˡ
ƹܼվǣǣֻҪүԸСһǰǰǡ
˵⻰ֺõصүѾ˻飬֪ʽлСҲ׼׼
ʱȴȵ£ϻûжҪ졣
ƹܼһһæǣǣС˶죬С˶졣
˵ŻԼ¡
Ӣܼ״һֵˣƹܼңȥɣʲôٽ㡣
ƹܼҸмӢһۣȥˡ
ү㲻Ҫ̫ƣӾҪӵ
ӢǴʱģԵȼֵü壬ЦЦã֪ˣлѡ
֪ϲǺ׮£ֻ﹫ҪޣҲ֪Ӣ£⸮صΪãȻԼ˵Ǿ˵ĵλ﹫ĻûգЦһҾүūȸˣҪڹ磬Ȼ֪ͨأһο̨˴󹦣㾴Ƶһ᲻٣ǺǣҪСӦ
һЦţһ߾ת뿪ˡ
Ӣܵһߣ԰ⲽ˼ʵУѾƵջЭԼϼףҲ׼ܾˣûнǾۻ֮ǰʵһֱìܸδԼ⼸ŮˣһŮһʱҸ㣬ͬðĺгܣȷ⿪һֱѹеĸǰԼʲôӱʲôЩŮԼһ𣬱˴˻ϲϲ֣ȥЯȥŮȥһ齨һͥԼһҲˡ
ʱȻе˻ɣĽѣ޵ĳѾɢˣеֻаޱ޾ذޱ޾飬Լδޱ޾ϣĸ˽ְԼеǺúõТ˳ðȥԹġ
˿Լĸ¼˵ˣһᡣӦòйĸܹôһһͨһʲôˣһǳΰ󣬷ǳгɾͣԼΪģҲġ
뵽ӢܺȻޱȵĿȥȥѯĸףԼ׵˭ϣҵԼظҵԼļ壬ڿźˡ
ְ֣
ĬĬ߽šӢܵ۾ѾʼʪˣϲᣬᣬҲֻҧȴ޵ĸоָоȴȳҪʵöࡣ
磬ƹܼҾţ磬Ӣܶڻ԰֮˼糱ӿȫ޷ƽ
ۿŵ˰ͼƹִܼҴ˹ȴһԪ๬̫־ͷսѥ֮ࡣ
ֻƹܼҵүܹ빬칦ˣ⣬ҲǻϴģүݣС˷㴩ϡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷתݣƹܼҴܹʿ˽ȥڴԱߵһﻻˡ
һϣƹܼҺүˣ㴩һǾˣҿңؽǶû硣
ܹҲǰۼҴӴʱڹУ滹ûôݵĽֲ﹫˶үء
Ӣˣ˵һ沣˹ȥһҲһֻԼͷ˫һϸӼף΢սۣϵһʨһ˫Ƥսѥͷ׶ü죬һ㣬սȴ°ɫģټӢı뺷࣬һϣ¼һ㣬˵жж磬ԼˣҲϲý
ȴܹ˹ϵףϸүֻ㲻֪ɣ׿׽ǻϹȥùģ˵ĺ࣬ūȡ͸㣬϶㣬û˵
Ӣܼܹ˵ϸϸģݰ׾ŮһָԼȻݹһۡʱ˵еֱ̫̬оɵðشһս
ãǾͳɡ
һ˵ţһ߾˸ոմϽµĹͷ볤ȴȥһȫڱ󣬶ǽ䣬ǹͷȻڱ
˳ȥƹܼҸϽȥǣһŵ
ӢźѾȳ֮ʱҰԣԼֿʼƫͷȴһ̾ͷȣȣҲҴǸںɷսȴһɣֻҪûˡ
һ˵ţһǣź˳ȥͣƥܹ־ϣӢܾ
һܹȴζУү볯֪ͥһЩǣūŸ㽲ˡ
ӢȷбҪ͵˵ͷǾͶл
ܹܡᡱһЦүɱ⣬﹫һûϳ谮նǰƽֻūҲҪİ
һ˵ţһ˵ʼӢܽ⳯ͥһЩҪǣܹʮʮ꣬ǡȴͷͷǵӢܼԼãֻ˵һ飬ͼС
ӢܵظլŻʹԶûþ͵ˣ칦ڻʹع¹ȴžۻȺЩ롣
ܹӢܵ˹¹ʱѾԱˡһװݵӢܣжһвʶġϽѯʣ֪˾̨ɱƷӢܣЦкҪ֪Ʒ½ЩĹԱ֮ʵĩȴǻ֮Ȼֲͬˡ
ӢܾʱӦ꼫ֳ࣬Ȼǳо顣ҲЩԱЦӦ֮г֮⣬ȴţſ׵ĽߣŹ۵Ĺұߣȥȴ֪Լںδ
ܹæүǻ׹ݡӦǰأ϶ԴʥջУǰְߵͼĶһƷĴԱƺֱȲǣԡԡ
ӢһЦߵ߽һŵĩˡ
һڹԱֻþͷڣۣϵɽӴѾӺΣأȴʺ쵤壬ҶǣͷŷۣӺݻϣһȻ޲ɷ
ϻʺеĴ󳼶꣬ӢҲУȥǲԸд˴񣬵ʱѾԼĸǹһҲĸԸ
ڴƽЦңڹ¹磬һ̵óңһ󻼣Ҫһϲ¡
⻰һӢһһڴ󳼶Ȼµʲôϲˡ
ȻĿԼƷ½Ӣּ
Ӣæ뿪λڵصӢּܽ
Ӣܣ޷Ϊ䱦ǧŮʮ֮ʽӭȢ﹫⼸ú׼
Ӣ뵽նǾգԼһƬģܹ֮ΪޣȷĸݣҪúõϧµл꣬꣬ꡣ
һƽ
ӢվһУݣ緢ӣҲ¶֮⣬Ӣܣ޽﹫㣬֮⣬⣬ӡ
Ӣ⻰˵ĳе˼ֻԼףһҾ֪ˡ
˵ͷ֮϶˵ʲô


 311 
ȵӢȥеĴ󳼶žվٱףֵһ
ǺǶЦһ˿֮ɫʺҲЦӢһ壬Цвްǿùһ֪֣֮ŮͬһˣҲġ
ʽʼûһһӹһʦϵ裬֮϶ʱӢȻΪǣЩǾӢѹֵ˼ʱѾõ˽ѣеϲҲ޿ʵһ߲ܣʹʹĺӺƷɣҲһڴ࿴֪Ϊң﹫Իϴˡ
Ӣţȴһڶʮ߰ңŨüۣٿʣƤ΢ڣǺĹپžԼӢܼղҲһĹ֮󣬶ܹϵõֻҲԼһ㣬ȴĹٵ¹һס
ӢԱһ꽫æλźŴˣӢѹںԺƷޡ
Ӣԣʱھۻʱѩ꿪Ц˵ʲôɵľͷɵľͷģ˵ӦþǴˡ
ʱȴź岻ͣҡͷʲôˣںԺŪŪīˣԳͥ޹ԡ㣬ͥ˴󹦣õ˸ʵʶʵֵĽɷ
Ӣܼɫ֮伫ţ뵽ѩϰ֮ˡǹԼλ๫ЩռǿĿͦϲ˵أЦŵ֣˵⻰ʹˣĳһıֻЩ£׫޵ȴιҵĴǸû취ȵģ˵ʵСܶѧʵ˵ú֣ܰСȾһס
źˡ˵УڳͦͦأЦι֮һһ䣬һһڡǶĸϣðհҵ
˵Ż˱һ뽫ؾһ
ʱӢܼΧߵԱ˾ƣ໥ʹ㵹˾ƣ˹ȥϣһס
Ҳ͵һ׾ˣԼľףܶҲ˵ʲôңһˣʹնȥȻʧ٣治֪ʲôˣҪúõǸֻϣҪնǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷʣ֪ģһҶ͵ġ
Ȼҡҡͷһ̾ܶҲ⣬ҵȻѣչĸףȴҪŮֲιʧϣĸܹеԹȥ飬ȥɣǶˣ£ʲôǷŲµء
ӢܺȻʣ⻰˵òԣ
һ㶣ô˵òˡ
Ӣܵ겻Ѯ긻ǿͣ磬ֻ»ξ֣ô˵ء
ʱЦܶҾϲԸƽʱȻҪ˵Ļȴƽʱǰƨ֮£úãɷӦշЦŭؾΡ
˵⻰Ӣܵȷɣƺ˵ԼӰӣԽԽˣ׵ܶǸȺһףĻ¹ˣնع֮ʱúõĺһ٣ľ֪ҿһƴ
ӢܼˬЦݣӿĪĽ֮ģֻ֣һֱ֮ǵĳˣȴȻԼұ˴֮֮УȻԼĸףʱֻԡһů֮Уʱãʱһúõľһʡ
һЦȻһԼͬĶӿһӢϧӢ۵֪֮Уһ
ʱȴԱϣҲǵģʲôͶʮ˱ȣΪǵ갡
ԣʱֹЦԶԣֻܶܺȾƣȴĸˣ죬ȴȥλĸľƣ˵˵һȣǿɲô
ʱһŮӢƣӢܾ;Ȼ쵤ȴյĸһףȻӦþ
ӢܴɷʱĿף֪ӢѾӵʱ度±ŮίǲͬģĳסŮһޣֻôӦˣ˵Ӣܲӽ飬ο˻˼ǨֵŮӲദ˭֪ӢܵӾȻлƵŮ棬Щһڽÿ˵ΪʱûУദ֪Ǹºĺӡ۸ãʱˣԼŮһζҪ޸ӢܡɷЩԥȰЩûŴӦӢӢ֮״ѷɫɷ꣬ҲǺˣǰľܶĸԴǡնҾͽˣ⺢ӴСͱҽߣƽʱЩСӣൣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷĸģҶն˵ػԲʧԵġ
Ҳĸ׽Ӣܶ˵ҪչһһĻһ׵ܶǺúӣĸ㡣
˵źŵľӣ΢΢մһڡ
Ӣܾ壬ȥ쵤쵤΢΢һЦû˵ʲôˡ
˾ʱǾףȴȥܶ˵Щᣬʲô֮ĸ׵㲻ˡ
ӢˣϽҪ㲻ǵĵңȥ֮ʱǶеϣܹ½⡣
ʱȴԱߵʲôﲻģܶվ㵱ʱûд÷ǳãϳ˿һõ£ұ͵ûܹۣδӸ߰ĳ֣øһ棬֪죬ˣ֪ԼĲܹ֮죬Ҳܷģܶ˵һӦллŶԡ
Ӣ뵽󼸴μ֮ʱȷ˺ܴĸı䣬ȻǣֻһЦٶ˵ʲô˾ơ
ȵһȺĳ佫ΧסǰȰƣӢиˣһƴǣ˸ʹʹ죬Ѿʿζء
***********************************************************ʱܿ͹ȥˣ飬ӢܲģһȻ˹ãź˺üˣӢֶ࣬Ǵ֮ˣȻҲʲôĻ̸֪ӢǴⲻҪЩ£Ӣܼ˺棬;Լ֪٩٩̸ĸηɻԭӵⵯЩ;ʱ˶𾪲ѣӢ˵Ѿ沢ûзʲô㺮ʲô϶ʱ˸ĿɿڴӢܱΪЩٻһЩ˵̬һʲ֪Ȼ˵һЩ仯һ̸ź֮ӣɵú˵˻ֻ²ϸ֮⣬ȴãңڱ̫ʼղǰ취պʲôŵʥۣͨ磬£ң˵ǰִƼңİոҸߡͷֻһûиź
ʽһ졣ѾǴŵƽʣϵҲдϡ֡ȴ飬ݲͬȻеź嵹ǹ͹ӢޣԼйһξȻǼ·죬ڸȥæͣ
Ϳ쵽˻ƻ֮ʱعԱѾڴԺվһأһװӢӦлȴ˵̫ϻʡ̫󡢻λＰӼݵ
æӭ˳ȥȴŸլѾվֵذգͷͷ粢ż磬Եĵ·Χ˸ˮйͨѾͣһʵӾ֮
Ȼȥ뽯ʱ쵤塢ǡһۡлơܿշƷơ˿̺۶ǵߣһЩδغӣСҲУȫӢЦֻлźӵû
Ӣæ°ݽӼݣЦһ֣ƽŻ鳵Լȴ븸ĸ޶߽˸С
лȴ󣬵Ӣߣܶ»Ѿȫˣ̫࣬㣬Ҳ㣬ֻϣȢնǧҪ̫ίҪӵϧǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˵ֻ̫࣬ĸ֪ġ
лƼɫϣԲԣһͷȻһ̾Ȼһȥˡ
ûãԶ˹֮һֱվӢԱߵźʱ֣֡
ʱԶԶĿʹطһ˳ǣ죬ǰǹŮʻ·žŻƽ׵־棬Щ־м䣬һϵŴ񻨵ķվòõŮյŮ
֮ȴʮ̵Ĵ󳵣޳أӦޡ
ûãѾ˴ͣ£ź֮£æȥ֮£͵һмϵźĺȻƿһŸͷϼȵŮӳθ߶ȣɡ
ӢȻֻǣźһˣ︡ǾգҲֹס顱ֱ
ʱū͹˺̺Ӣܱǣŵ˳ź̺߽˸լʱһִ졣
һֱ¥Ĵʱʱ񲿵һʮ꣬뷢׵ĹԱֻǹޣʽղͬ˺ðɣӢǣź¥ϵ·ȥ
·֮Уȴ˫ϲ裬ϵ˺һ˵ϲ
ڴͷûķȻͺЦȥȻ·֮š
ʱ·ֻ֮ʣӢˣӢܼŸͷڴ֮ߵգоĪЩеϷһϵźĳƸˣ֪ͷģߵߣĽյĸͷƿ
ӢѾյľòʱ˿̵ӡǰһһ
һľ°ֻͷī٣ĺѺ޷ɲʷ΢¶ŷͷЬ֬壬覣üԶ죬۵ﲨֱͦӣ֮ϵ֬ǽΣѩ֮͹⣬滨֮޲ʣһ֦ŵި񻣬¶
ʱҡ͸һɵŵ㣬ڵӰ֮£һƬģһ⻪Ӣܵǰ۹סĿԽԽ÷
ӢܴʱҪϢȻ֪ռû뵽ܹ˵ز
մʱһĽģˮӢһ̵ۣͷȥȴ¶΢΢Ц
Ӣ㻹ǳ֮ˣǵľɫŮܿͻָǣյߣҲ֪ʱ˵Щʲôãסֵ֬ն۲ۣ
ǵһνԼֽһӣֻӢܵȻЩֲڣȴվޱȵůһŷҲС¹ײƵͣӼͨ죬һʱ˵ֻҡҡͷ
㽿ߵģȴӢܸӵϧϲϷһֻ񱭣˹ȥֻﵹ˾ƣص齱ߣݸһ
Ȼĸ׽̵»һЩˣƱ᲻ʲô˼ȻǰȴȥӢһۡ
ӢܱȥžƱˣһֻ̧ѩԣûٶܣ峺޳ֻ΢΢Ȼһеľɡ
˽ƣյĵһЩԴ磬һˣԶֿ
ӢܳĬһҲնҵҲΪһ֮УһúõĶ㡣
˭֪ˣȴҡͷԴ磬˵òԡ
Ӣһ㶣վȻһЦźߵһ㶼ҪҺãնҲԸԶӡ
ӢǸ֮ˣȶĻﻹѹסĵļ飬İ嶯磬ľεӣȥ
ңȻûЩ鰮ĺվ磬ᵱŮӣʱʹҲǶͷ֮࣬ռӢԼӣͨ죬ʶתתͷӢ̰סʱһ


 312 ϻ
ӢִͳŵŮӽܵĽһֻף̫çײҲķУֻǺ˱ӣûã͸оѾӦҲڲ֪΢΢һӵѾڴϣӢѾԼⶥ˽ȥֻյĶ֮ۻϸҺ
ղɷͷ̽ӣּ޷ܵãֻôһܻӭ֮ƣཻ˱ԶһֱܣӢ֮ˣһֻпȴҲ˱֮⣬ʼ۽֮С
һǣذ֪֮˺һӢܸеµؿڴʼҵϢ֪Ѿֲ֧סͣסǣ뿪ӣʱֻཻ֮䣬˽Ũԣյӣ΢΢Ӣ̲סȥֻһȴ˼ּ飬˼ᡣ
ֹã˵ĴŷֿӢѾǻȣҲκ졣
ڴ֮ߡûӢܾȥȥЬ
ѵذ֮ʱӢ˼ʢ֮˵Ҳк֮ģȥȴյȻС磬ֺֹ˵е硣ûվϰŮ㡣
ƺҲɷڿԼĽţĴͳŮӵĽžͺһҪȻԼɷ򣬵¶Уǻɬѽæ˽ţѾ˴ϡһߣŵôҲҳ
ӢʱȥԼֻذɫ̿㣬ѵѥӣͿϴȥȻ󽫻ɫĻȴӰҡ죬ȴϮˡ
֮£ӢܵƤҲбӣȥյ磬Ť£ȻתͷԴ磬ʲô
֮ʣվȻԼҪʲôӢҲ˼άݣԴ֮һʱ֮䣬治ýͣνʱʤɴʲôҲش𡣱ַȥնʱšһ˵ˣʼǣϢҲĴ
Ӣ֪Ѿ鶯ȥ⿪ĴۣųȥյĽʱѩĳǰֻһ°ɫضǶȴԽԽŨһӢܵıС
Ӣȥ⿪Ƭ֮ʱ̲סץסַ֣ܿſˣΪ
ǶǶ⿪ǻ㣬Ϯˣӳ⣬մ磬һ˫ӯӯյؽ΢ʣٷۺ죬κɢӢ¶ӣȴ纬飬䣬һ˿ϸպߡ
ӢܼﻹסҴѵԼѣϣȴǽıۣ
ӢȻѳ㣬Ѿ꣬Ůӳҹ֮࣬Լ̫أѹţ֧ţḲϣ촽ĶӣȻ˳£飬ĺŪյҲʼŤؿ
һָӢܵĺͷ֪ʱķֿȡ
ڴʱȴ߽˵˾䣺Դ磬㡭ȱ𡭡æ
Ӣһ㶣նôأ
ȻֻۣĵͷСһ׾㡭óšš
˵ЩѾ߲ɵԽԽСҲ˵ȥ
Ӣԣæ˵ѰȥȻҵһѩ׵ľǹˣҲ֪ŴһЩɹ棬˼΢΢̧Ǿ֮¡
յһֻ̽оި֪̽Լ󣬲³ç룬һӴվ͡ʧУֱ˽ҧסһǣ֮ʹ
Ӣػػ΢룬һ裬մʱץסֱۣ֪ʲô׳ʹʹĵ͵һƣձǿ﷢ˡšһ֫ͦھӢܱһʹȥúһ󣬲յĽҲûֶ֧áɢ
ֻſһͲൽһߣѾζҡ㺹죬üҧŽӣûɿڣкϧʹ㽫ڻĸ
˺һղЩָƿӣµǰѰ׾ȴһ㣬죬ɿƳɷһۣͽŵ˴ͷһСϻ
Ӣܱգնʹ𣿡
ռɷϧпŵģʹȴ˵ۣҡҡͷûϵĸ˵Ů˶һءԴ磬ղǸӣһǳ
ӢĶͷĶߵ˭˵ģҵնʲôʱġ
պȻ͡һЦԴ磬ʱôҪǿҪ޸㡣᲻Ҫҡ
Ӣܲαҡҡͷնʱֻ㵱ԼãҪúõı㣬ҲԿ࣬ҪȢΪޣһܾġ
վ˾ߣ˰ϲòعԴ磬ҪһҲˣҲˣͻ᲻ϲ𣿡
ӢܺȻһյ۾նǲһģѾҵˣʲôӣҵж㣬Զ䡣
Ӣֿܼ϶۾֮жʱ¾ӨŵţţԴ磬ҲԶĻԶõӣ
ӢͷɵѾͷסԴһ㻹ԼҪΪҶı䣬ҪΪҶʧȥԼܹģԴԸˡ
ĵĻʱЦŵԴ磬ǳ˷ˣҸôأǽǽ๫
Ӣ๫ʲôأϰߣնǽԴˣЩҲܹԶסôʶġ
ʹĵ˵ͷšһȻһЦֺֽʵˣԼ۵ģᡣ
һӢ繣ƺ˵Ļ̸飬һӢҲκεͽԼСȫľսʱݣܾ櫵󰮣йʶҶٻѩãȻõĽĸ׵Ļԣ飬Ȼƭ˵ңķλʶ˶һеһУ˵˸һȻһҹѾ΢΢⴩Լĸ飬û˵ΪһֱΪỹǸСŮӣĸֻһʱĳ嶯ԼȹԼһ˵ǰ飬ȥӢ飬пѾʶమѣιûбҪ˵
һֱĬĬӢܵĻҲڲͣᣬȵ꣬ʱıԴ磬ԭĿǸʶԲĸףȴôĿ࣬ôΣգԴ磬游ⲻˡ
Ӣ̾˿ҡҡͷҲȫ㸸ʣҲΣƭһ
ҲһҡͷһȻƭ㣬ѾȢӣܵʱһʲô龰֮ȫԽĸ״ң˵ʳһٸӣǸʺҲûȢˣǶĸףҲʲôġ
Ӣ÷ǳĵȻ֪ĸԸеĺݶ£ӭȢ󹬵İȻǣ㸧˸ͷˡնͱأ㸸֪ôأֻ뻯ĸ׵ĶԹĸ׷ʤǿ֮ġȥúõТ˳ģô˵ҵĸס
̵Դ磬ӦңӦǣҺ㣬гٻ㡢ѩý㡢áˣ櫽㣬ܾһΣʧÿĴĺʹࡣ
Ӣһ˼á֣̲סնѵûб뷨
һ㶵ʲô뷨
žͻȻЦԴ磬˵ôԴףǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ
ظŵԴ磬ѵ˾ۻˣҳ룬ֻȢĸһδػڿģǸæµˣȥܣĸͺһ˼ʣһĸʣһˣܹܿȵʻˣԴ磬͸һˣһвסģܶЩңһ㣬֣㲻֪¼įˡ
յĻӢҲ˵ظжӪֺļͥΧԼĶŮӰȷܴᡢ棬ǰնûжռһ˵ģ治֪Ǻûǻ
ȻʱкȻ粡Ů˵̸ʱȻˣһˣ뿪꣬ѶȫޣֻκŮҲ޷ܣЩŮ˵Ҳʵ̫ƽˣԼҪԼŮ˶ֵܹԼߣصʲôݱ¶ҪĺһûκεĸңÿһŮ˶ԡڴͥů֮С
뷨ûи˵ΪҲ֪δᷢʲô£ʱκεĳŵΪŵ˶ԣʱ൱һŵˣǽСֱ΢ء
˵Ѿ峿ѾӴй͸ݿѧ֤˵ټ峿֮ʱڵʢֻýסӣûдѣ˼ӢֻӼǳУ֪ܴֻ²ܳнӶ÷ֻø۵飬οġ
սȻ֪ɷĳڷű仯ʱѾ꣬ȻߣȴЩҲഺ٣鱻Լİɷţܲ飬ɷȻؿϢأȴһж֪ԼԼԾܹǿܣɷ̵̫࣬Ҳӵ
úᣬԴ磬㡭Щͺáˡ
˵⻰߲ɵı˫ȥӢܵɫ
Ӣܵ⻰һָ࣬ĳ֮ϣչ÷գѾ㺹һţҲ˵
ӵߣ˯ѣһҹ̸ȴ磬÷޼ĸһȰӢܴѣԼװŶߺȥӢܣȥˮϴնԾᷢ٣մʱκδɢżֽ֮Σֶ˼ֳ̬֮峿еڻŵĵһ㣬ݹҫˣɡ
Ӣܺܿϴȥ˱˱ӢȺ룬ջޣţͶһȥ
ռ״æԴ磬ȷţҵһȡ
ӢһЦնſ죬Դι㡣
ԧεгԸ죬ɷ˵ȵĻ۵˼£СĹŮ棬ִǺߣȴ᲻ȴſӣӢý׽һιУ˫ԣ֮нŨ޷⿪⡣
Ůү˶ҲϲЦͣ
Ũ֮Уûãͼ˵ףӢܵնҪҪ
ҡҡͷҹԴ磬ҪŪܾõģ㻹ǵȥţһôӡ
Ӣ΢ЦնҾԱ߿ͷȻһȥˡ
ռҪԼ˫ԣβԸͳȻһЦΣȾ֬١
Ӣ޹ֻеһ⣬ҲԼҲڷһЩı䣬ң֮ǰ桢Ҷٻѩöжᣬжã֪ȴΪһ˾Ӧʹи飬Ҳң֮꼸飬Ѿ˲ͬ˼򣬶ڽۻ֮ǸԺܰǸǰδе𺳣ӲбڿʼڱʼںŮһʱǲãǵģҲӲ˵ıԣԼٽһָӲһᣬһһֿȥչǣȥǸģһĳˣһ˽ˣնϣҲʼָ֮Ŀ֡
Ȼ֪ԼɷѾıøֻҸ÷·ɵƶˣֻ뽫һиĸ˵ع»Ҫܻ֮ʹòȷз
մϣӢЯ˫˫¥ùţϢһ˾԰ģߵ֮ͤУӢܺȻ񹬼յ龰ն㵯ٺܺܲٸҵ


 313 ս
ӢԼ٣ʱ΢΢һЦԴ磬ҵ٣Ҿ쵯
һ˵ţͽһûһͼһٶ֮͹ӨӨȴͬսһ㡣
ӢϵãҲ֮һ
սٺͤеʯ̨֮ϣԴ磬绹ûУ
ӢܵӦУһϡˣҾʹûм
ЦЦ٣Ңƣڷֹ̽ǻǶߵͣ˵ԵԴ³˵ʹ³ձ֮ձ֮ĸ־֮ˣﶯ
˵ֵԹĴ٣ֱ뻸ġӡׯġ˾ġ粡Ͳߵġβ
Ӣһնһһǲߵģβ٣ˡ
֪ԼٵģͲµóһЦǡβ١
ӢܵҲ֣նѵ汻սô
յ˵ͷȻԴ磬֪֪ߣ
Ӣܶйʷ֪Ƕĩһѧʼңڱдʷ伮湱׷ǳ󡣡
սŵ߲ѧʴ󣬲Һ֣ܶһɫּҡһΣ·طһһڴջ𣬲žžһ죬Ա߾ȻһϺõͩľȼա֪ͩľõĲˣյǳϧǲ˻ͣæľ˳Ļһϸսľͷһ˵ϧ̫ϧˣ־ٶջŪˡ߽˵ľͷٵغòϣյʵ̫ϧˡջЦˣԭˣȻôϲȥˡ߸߸˵ذľͷû˼ңĵһŹ٣սĲַٵβȡһΪµ֣β٣˭֪ȴΪʱһ֪ôң⻹ĸڻʹ﷢ֵġ
Ӣԣɰ꽨ĵ֪췴ȻҲ׼˺·мƻ¸١ƱȻٲ˵ģңĹл֪жٵ챦⡮β١֮һõȥҲǧϣЩټ϶ò֪ĻƽԼϡеңӦýң޸ŶԣҪ̰Ұļ֪ˣֻһҵѪٲ˵ģʾƽɷ壬ȻǱڵΣܸǰ
ôţԸƻյ£ն쵯ټȻôҪúõһ
մӦһͰζңʼʱɽˮʱٻţʱǧӢȻ֪ʲôӣԶЩɣҲմʱǻֵԡһƬĵĴ֮С
ʱպȻ촽ݺ࣬ת⣬ԶЩиζнɣӢҲ˳ˡ
˺һյĸͣӢܲųһ̾նٵãã˲𰡡
ɷ佱¶˲õЦգԴ磬֪֪ƽʱ֮ʱͻΪ٣ĸͻΪ裬ͻᳪ裬ҿſţ͸ѧˣһĽ裬ѧᣬĸҲѧ˵عòҪȥѧǹŪֻ÷
Ӣ绨޾׵գҲҪѧ䣬δ֮һնһ裬ģ벻ѧ
һʱվðԴ磬ǲǺһ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǺһ꣬ȫǹʱ׼裬ÿҶѧһ̫ãǿԣվҵǰ
վЦߵǰӢʿȻַԼϣŵӣʼ򵥵Ĺ
ȻܿлƣշƷƵȶ꣬ûʲô赸ϸңвüȻ֪ɷȵ٣ʱʱҪǿʱЦ쳹լ֮С
***********************************************************֮峿Ӣľ˴ϴϣյķʹȥ
һȻͨ裬ǣͽڳǻʹֱžۻȥ
һ󣬵˾ۻ˷йŮӭӣǸĻ԰ǴԺ֮С
һôԺͼѾվˣ󺣷򸾡λﶼЦЩһӢգͻΧ˹׼ЩСÿ˷һݡ
Ӣվȥݼ󺣷򸾣Ȼλȵϡ类ߣҲΧ˹ȥ˵ʲôеҲ档
ʱ΢ЦŶӢܵܶߣҵ鷿ȥл˵
Ӣܵ˵ͷһ䲢󣬵õùɫ鼮ط䡣
˷ֱһŮȵӢܺ˼ڣܶȻѾ޵ŮҲ޵ذӣȻĸЩᣬȴŵùѾҪһ£
Ӣԣ̷²յʣǲҪɷñˡ
˵ͷܶԭѾµˡ
ӢһЦѳѪӹңѾ޺󻼣ˣݷ㣬ңذѾһģνʱ˺Ѿռʱñָʱ֪Ƿ
ҡҡͷȻ޵书ң֮гѪӲ޶֣б̣űȴ˻ңõ丸洫Ըսĵã޲Ķ֡
ӢֱܼԼĲ㣬ЦʣһĿе˧ѡ˰ɣǲ
ҡҡͷٶȻŮнıԼ󷨵ϤҲֻǲಮ٣ֻǿԣҪȫȴԲһЩ
Ӣ֪ܵĿеѡ˭
ҵʦҲҵ˾Ÿ
ӢЩ޻̸Ѿ֪߳ɣԲɵõʣ˾үү˫Ȳ㣬͡
ͷɽѾʮж˫ѶϣװŵǼ֫жܲ㣬ȥǴıԪ˧ңñֻ֮Ψſ˻ȣγѾҪǰޱӦ㣬֮ҲҪȣ޻Ҫڳһʱ䣬ܶһҪ㡣
Ӣæʣʲô£ͷԸɡ
ս֮˻ҳ˹ɵĿȻ뵽Ѫɱ˧ɵѾȫңֻвһ֣γڹߣȻڻѪӵض֣֮޷ʤ㣬ʱ䣬ͿʿѪΧסȺ֮Ҿ֮£Ѫи书Ҳֲ֧˶õģÿԽ
ӢˣһҾֵǣʣӢһ˾үү
ӢܻشúԥܶȻоųɰմʤһ̣֮£޾ԵĶγʵҲǳգն»ȥҲǲԸ
ӢԣһҾʣνҡймңһ֮ŮӦΪıǣ˾үүѮܹӧӢ󣬸ʣ˵ʵû뵽ңҲսġ
ˣ΢Цŵ˵ͷȻһ̾ܶʵ֪Ըǿؽ󡣾һֻ֪ǰµˣΪϣӦø˲ţΪȴҪΪնģһҵ̫ǿˣͻ䵽޶һΡȻĸһ𣬵Ҳ˶ʮŽ̫Σ̡̡ǸΪҸ̫࣬ÿ޶˲Ӱ
Ӣβľֻõʣһᾡʱնǵء
һͷֻܶϣնǵĸ׸ҸһЩҲϣܱøһЩ
սڼ˵£ͽһתܶγʶһȥ㿴Σ
Ӣ΢һ˼ҿбҪլʺĵо֮磬ˣȻֵ˾壬ҪΪȴ̫˼ְֻıսȥĥĥ£ЩǴкô
㽫ʶ͸ʶعֱֵǵ׺񣬶޸еοζΪ̫ӣܵ޷Ӧ֮£޷ȥʶü󣬱˵ģֻգһΣʶ˵һᡣ
Ӣܵðһȥһջġ
ܶѧûУ
ӢܵͷѧһЩЩִսսܼá
һȱʱʱսǺܲһģܶѾһºɷʽٱʱ䣬ѧһѧŴս󷨣Ӧѧܶණ
ӢһҾֵǣʣ
޹ƣⳡս꣬һͻܶʱȴնȥ֪ͨǣǺпܻ̫ĵң
ӢʵҲ⣬ɵõǰϣĪһȲ˶Ҫ˶ô죬ôؾڸ֣ѪӲ᲻֪Ҫȥа취ġ
һЦܶʵⲢõģˣĻ̲סôͻǵṦܹЩģοѾƬĪ񿴹ˣȻǳЩǲģҪǳ⣬ĪȻ֪δҴһ֣ɺ׾ű䣬ĿҲˡ
Ӣ֪嶾ءɺ䡱ôˣȴֵѪӣʦѪǶ£书ԶѪ֮ϣȻҲܹȥǹ˻ǲӦġ
Ӣˣʱһ㶵Ϊʲô
һЦ˻ʹ׹֪ͨǴҲͨһЩ仯ǹڵȣ˻Ҳ᲻֪֮Ը췴Ҳ׼޲ңı״Ըɱ̫ң׽ǳףҪѪӳȥѰʽôͻƵ޷Լԭһ֣ѪȻ޿죬ҲϤõôʱĩվ㵽ˣ˻ҵȷǸǳˣ޻ϣܹúõĸʶ벻ҰĻ˴󣬰ҲҪޣȥ̫ңʣһϼţʱҪЩ˻ңˣ˹Ļ޵ʱڣ򲻸ҵġ
˵ֵĪ񲼶ɾڸڹţһɾ֣ù˻Ϊ޺ܺңܣô೯ͥĺǰȥعȣǵĲδɢŻðս뾩ǣһɹսϽϮϧļһЩΪµȦ֮С
ӢԣʱΪʣ˻һѲư
ȴҡҡͷ˻޴СųģԸȻ˽һЩһܹɹڽ֮ߣٶɷһȫǯסɷļ֣ǻۣ᲻֪ʱϵԽãɷԽǲԲŻ޵ĵ֮󣬶ȻѾ֪ҪˣǻӵĽЩʲôӦԵļƻҲ޷㵽ġ
˴ֵܶϵĴСֻͨҪһʱڻᣬܹﵽ֮ǵ֮Ǿףٴ书㣬δ̫ӣ书к޸ǣ뽫ɺ׾ű䡯ȫ㣬׾Ṧʽһ书һ㣬úõˡ
˵⻰Ϳʼɺ׾ű䡱ھӢܱѧһЩæԼ֪ĵطǿ׼ȥ֮ĥϰ
һʱңӢѾȫġɺ׾ű䡱ھģֽ֮ˣȥȴеﶼԶĲݵ֮ϣվм䣬һĲõĸĸ󼰸λ˵ʲôʽȴڽӢܽ飬λﶼЦš
һޱҸĵģܵһӢһۣȴο
ɷ븸ʳվС¹ܵǵߣӢһ뵽ʲôȴһ˽ĻʣǴôã̸Щʲô
ȻһնӢǲ۸㣬޺ݺݵİѵһ٣㻹ллʡ


 314 ⰻȻ
˵Ӣ۸ԼҲ֪Ǽ٣ʱˣǺʣ˭˵Դ۸ˣ㡭ôҲҡ
˵ȴӢһЦʡǸڿԼЦɵöŽţҧֻȭͣǰᴷðʣôŮģСҲ
ŮӣиˣЦնԴ磬ȻԲˣҲ׵úܣҲ˵ʵø֮֮
ˣϸּͷĸĸܹܸʣ۸
ʱѾ˹ЦŵϣҲǵģ֪նƤô
ʱȴԱһߣնƤһƤȴ񣬻öŮǶûŴĻӡ
һ֮УҲģҲ裬ʱ࣬ȻӵĻҲߡ˵⻰ȥšӢգֲԵ̫Ϊϲֻõһۡ
˿̷һЦŵնĻѾ׼ˣʲôǵȥ˵ɡ
һ۱뻨ܿʦʮ꣬Ϊ£ȻܰܲԸǵż޸ǻܿǡлƵ˵һϡҲ𾴶ڰ£Ƶ˼Ͷ뵽֮Уʱǡֻ𡱵ңȥЩУҲңеĸ֮½ȥһ֮СȻֻһȴ쵤ߣ˵ػڣû˻᲻ģ´ҾһЦţһкСˣ󺣷򸾣ȥ
ȴֻ󺣷һ𣬶Ӣһһʱʢ˥ӵŮֻԼˣһʱ֮仹治ϰߡ
ӢܾԼԱߣһŮ˾ƣܶľϴ޵ĺǶûȹ㣬Ǹͺúõرһȣ㿴Σ
ӢܻûдӦͼŵĻܿޣϹͷˣ˼Сƴƣȶ˿ɲС
뻨ܿԸͬ˹սѣŻܿԣҲɷ壬ʱǲȣϣҶеۣȻ˵òã
ȻѾѮ֮ˣ볣죬һʮҲȲӦڶҲ࣬ľܲƽʱڻʹ֮Уż븸׺һʵûʹʹҸ־һ٣ֺζˣںòһӢܣԼʹˣ˻ᣬ졢֣ͷʹأҪ취˵ǣȴһ΢΢һЦ꣬ܿˣնô˼Ҳܿģһ˰ɣżһ٣Ҳûϵġ
֪һԼһۣ͸żֶི֮⡣
һ˵ܿȻǲܷģʧѣ쵤ֱһʱֻõúã㿪䣬²Ϊ
˽ЦŶӢҡҡͷܶƣȢö࣬ҲδǺ£ܵҲ̫ˣ¡
ӢɫȻЩΣȴҸ㣬ĵزȷҲǼѵˣ֪˵⻰˼Ů룬ԸԼЧ£Ҳ˵ֻ̫࣬þʣһס
˾һȥźȾƣһҲҪֳںȣһں¸ֻķֻص֮ʱ
ʮף˸߲ңʹ죬ʱӢԱߵȴĴȡ
ӢܶʱףٺһЩŸʣԼŸʾ𾴣֮ĳЩŮ˽ģ¹֪ʹһʮ¶ǣѾˣңľȻûַؼӸ֮ԡȴҲơƺƿɱȣֺȵüɵöЩ⣬Ը䡣
ôˣ˺״˹׼ˣܶҲܺȵ̫ƿɲǺö
󺣵⣬˹ˣ̫ţͲҪˡܶ˸ˣҪ⼸Щãһ
㰡֪岻ãǶǹȥزȻھҪעˣ˵ȾͲȣڵӶãܶһ졣Ͷһ죬嵱ȻҪرң涼ôҪ㴦ҪԼ
һТӣĸ˵⻰ֻͣ˾ףվ§ĸ׵裬úá
ɷӣеﶼЦֵðǻ̫Ļá
ӢܼݻЦӣȴǸдļҶöܰԼҪĸ뽯ȣǲ龰ЩᣬԼ֪˭ĸһĮӣա桢ҶٻѩܹദԼļҲûŸĸҲһȥТǣܹ
Ȼ֮ʱԱߵȴӻͳ־Ŷͷ΢΢߳ĺһ˫ˮ޳Ĵ۾͸˼ԹԴ磬´οɲôǿҲҪǺȻˣ˭չһӣѵ˵㻰ô
Ӣ֮ܰʣ˵ᣬȹһůĽڻݺݵʱ˿̣Ȼ޷ֻ֣ն֪ˣԴʳԵġ
ռӢܼҲѾˣҲɷĻ֮УֻܶȻһЦһоڲ֮С
Ǳ߾ˣһԸ˲Ķ˲裬ĲԸѾİѾæ˸ֺ
һɷֵԴ磬ǻȥɣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȥʣҺն͸ˡ
Ҳһͷܶ鷿˵ĻסûУնȻܺãҲҪ˴¡
ӢܵסˣʱһúÿһЩսߵģøʧ
֪Ӣ֮ˣ΢Цһֵãȥɡ
Ӣȥүүĸλ˴ǣ˫˫Яֶȥ
ŷصһͣ£Ӣȥնұȥ
վһЩŮūһۣ϶ʱ΢΢һ죬⡭ƺðɡ
ӢܱͲں˵۹뷨˾⣬Ǻ޼ɵӣʲôãֻҪϲ
ɷҪԼȣвϲģҲȥ˼ˣЦһɷıϣȻ§ĲӣԼӽȥ
ӢҲΧĽ񣬹Ůĺ͵Цһ·˸ǺۣߵԴ硣谡
Ӣܵնǵ޷ȥòã
ƺʶʲôֻءšһͲ˵ˡ
ûʱӢܾͱ¥ص޷Ȼշš
תȴյѩ֬ѾϼͮȾ𣬱һնɡ
ҲһӢܺ߸衣˾裬ѧô죬ӢѾĬ裬ϤȻ졣
дһ֪֮䣬ѾһӢҲûٺ߸衣ֻǱƶʤĽڣҸ
ͬһʱ̣Ӣܵͷȴ̧ͷȻȻȻһѾûκεɬеֻֻǿö֮Ӣܾš˱š
ã˴ֿӢһѱסŴ齶ȥ
˴֮ϣӢȥտ֮ʱȻͨ죬ȴĬĬţƬ֮䣬ѾƬơʱ֮䣬һѩ⣬ҫҡ
ջûɷڰ֮ʶȥ˿ŴϽ˴ƿӸ
Ӣȫѣżɷʵǿ壬ҵһ˶֮ʱ߲ɵ۾ס֪Լҹ֮ʱΪʹȻ⼸ҪԺһЩֿʼ
Ӣܼɬӣ˵˴ҿԼĽһĽ廬֬жȣϺӣң͸һ°ļͷ⣬ⶥ֮ϣѩŷöޢʱѾĵĽε£һͷ㷢ٲһĲ˫磬ǹɼˣĵļѩ
ӢؽӸյ֮ϣռһĸŪմʱѾ鶯ᴭѾӢ֮ܵŤӢܿʼȫļ֮ϱ΢΢սƺɢһɵĺ̡
Ӣ֮ܽʱոüҧȻ̲ס߽һܿӦ§סӢܵı˺ѹֵ֮ȴʹĽˡ
ӢܿԸоյʪ֪ѷǰյľ״̫ᣬҲçײţʱͷȥӣʱѾʼȡĽͨľ硣
ȵɢ˶˵ӵ˺һӢܲ뿪յӣȴæϱõľȥӢܲã֣ܿ˹ȥǳϸĸɾһȥԼǱ֮
ӢܼѾȫ뵽ӵĽɫֻеô˼ˣ޺
մʱ㺹δܣҪԱߵԡҷˮִǲ˼Դ磬ܲܽ׳׼һá
ӢԼҲϴ±һǿȥ׼Ҫԡ
Ļһ䣬¥´ǡ֪
󣬺ǰԴ磬˵˵ǻ᲻µǡǿ
Ӣɫʲô޵֮֡쾭壬һһĴȥ
һȣǰռǡǲõӢʱһ²ãǲðջֻ֣뵽Լ˲ٵľƣղ¶֮壬ҪǴСȴһ£ִؿѧ
ӵúһһصĽŲ֮Ÿڵԡŷˮˡ
ֵһ󣬾ˮѾ׼
Ӣܱãȥﲻź򡣡
ӦһŲٴ¥Ѿˡ
ӢĶЦնûʲôұȥ
æԴ磬Լȥϴˡϴ
ӢϴӦȳ´һѱգȥţԱߵԡȥ
ԡһʮƽӣмһľͰľͰ߷ϴõ¶ľͰ棬ȴַżͰˮȽУԼ롣
ľͰǼģԡףӢܾͱ˽ȥմʱȻߣѡֻӣ໥ϴĨȻá
ӢֻңȷǲϰߣľͰϴԡ԰࣬ϴԡĵˣһ۹˶ģȻưҨų壬Զԡ÷㡣
һӢѾϴ˸ɾջҪϴͷƽʱϴֻӢܴˡ
ľͰԱ߻ˮӢܾȥˮ£һưվյԣͿõ¶㷢Ͻˮ
ȻŽţĿⲻȴ䣬֫ϸԲԳһѩ׵Σǿ׳ʱ֮䣬岪ջڴͷĽľͰǰһƣաһعͷԴ磬㡭Ҫʲô
Ӣܲ˵һ˫˳⻬е񱳸ȥȻͣѩ׵֮ϣصŪ֮£ҲоɷѾԼߴ֮ϣʽǴδ룬һĲͣҡͷԴ硭Ҫ
ȴݺСš
Ӣ÷޼԰ֵŮ£ͣ룬޷ֻܿĬĬܣȻŤȴҲеʲͬӢܼһٰ㷢һַͰأнݺǽӲʤ֮״ʵǰӣе˷ûֶ֧ãͽ֮С
ȵ±ϣѾǻȫȻվţӢܱ㽬㷢øɾ֮Уֻ˵˼仰ػ˯ȥӢȻƣ֮Уڻ᲻þҲ˯һֱҹĻ٣˫˫ţ̸ãŽЪϢ
˵ڶ죬ӢܼǵĻˡӱӱ澭躡ȱսߣԼ鷿ȥޣǴɷҲ֪츸ʱȻ˵ʲôȥţȴ鷿Լһ壬һעŸӲˮûʲôˡ
֮Уʱúܿ죬ת֮һ£һӢѾеıֶһ飬ֻЩñ֮ԼLѧһЩ֪ʶдͬС֮ҪűȴǶʱգҪʵʵĲɱ֮вѧᡣѧϰ飬ϾմԼĿھǡɺ׾ű䡱һԾ֮ѾڿתۣṦ߾ֻһ֮ңˡ
һ죬Ӣˣջ˯һѩ¶⣬˵紺պģɷ޿ɰĽֱ۷뱻УȻּἫĵͷ촽˴ϴ͵鷿ˡ躡еһ躡ݣԺеͤжûã˸࣬Ӣʯ֮ϣеľҪһʱ˼
֪˶ãȴƹܼҸүүȥϽϴҪ̵¹ȥ
ӢܹеͣûʲôʵȨƽʱȻ糯ûʸȥ룬ȻԼϵжʱɷʽٱʱڵˣԼǰвɵô˷ܣһȻŨ罺ᣬղָƽˣҲ泯ͥЧңָƽܹҵƹܼôһ˵̷飬վãϾȥװ


 315 ɱ㽫
ټӢܱҴһңȴֻˣڰͷΣȥ³ȡİ
ˣæŷϣҲߵӢܵߣԴ磬ô
ӢܵʴӹдҪҵ¹ȥ
ԣʱһȻ̾һԴ磬Ҫȥӹ죬һ
Ӣһ㶣նԭѾ֪ˡ
ҡҡͷȻ˵ôڷܵĿ飬ɷǸĲⳡ̳綼ҪģǻõŲô
ӢܵնģγԴ㶪ģһὨй⡣
ҧҧεӣһҡͷԴ磬֪ģն᲻ȥ֪һȥҲҪȥҲҪй⣬նֻҪƽƽĳȥƽƽĻ
ӢܴʱѾϣɽһһ뱳յͷһЦģԴûôµģҵӲúܣүѾҺöˣְҷŻ
˵⻰Ҷ飬ʹҴҵĳݣȥ˺ȡͳŻʹķȥ
˻ʹǣŵĽƺѾõ֪ͨһҾֵүڹ¹㡣
ӢܱһҾȥڳǣֱмĹ¹⣬̫ǣ³ͷ
ǹ¹ǳͥµصطҲǻʹаٶ༶̨ףȫǰʯɣɣһ֮ϡ֮Уʱ̨ÿվһŻƽֳֳǹ־
һ̫վ̨֮£ӢܣæӢܵ
̨֮Ҳظ仰ûãֵּӢϵ
̨µ̫æүȥա
Ӣ͵ȵͷˡԾʹæϵȥһ͵̨֮ϡ߹һյء͵˵⣬һ̫๪ȥ
õȴٸƽףͷϵĿռʮϣ͸߸ߵڵܯ֮ϣž칦һվ٣ڵܯ֮£صһλһ׷Բԣ񳡣ƣ뼰أɫͨ۵ߣѾ߰ʮ꿪⡣
Ӣף߱ȻǴĴ󽫾ңȥة࣬д֮µ˾ŸˣĳᣬȻ
Ӣܣ˵ͷӢܣվһߣ޵һҪԸ㡣
ӢܼͷڣžۣϵɽӴһ˫̤ѥھۻˬʴʱѾˣеֻޱȵϣޱȵİȻ̨ϣҲû¶ơ
Ӣ֪ʲôǾ֮ҲһݣȭһҾӦǣߵ佫ĩվá
ʱֻңղѾ˵ˣҪɷñ־ڱصãֻʤܰܣʱԽԽãЭͬƽܲǣҶʲô⣬ֻܳԣ˵Ȼ͡
ʱȴһվһŷࡣ
˵ͷŷɷ֮սŽ湦ҽɷ֮Χνս֪ʲô˵
ŷֵϣ㻹ǵ÷󽫾𣿡
βǵãҵƹܴʮ齵ޣֻҲûô콨ң
ŷֵԪ˧֮ǰϵʱڱչأ֪Ѹ΢׷淽ʮ֮꣬ǰңպսңȻɷҰδѱҪξðң̫ƽֻºֳɷһ壬󻼣ʱˣЩΪȻΪ󽫾ˣôҲʵڷ˾ΪϾǧȷɷң֣֮ɷһȫ޷Ҹȼ֮֮Ҳ֮ǰ
ôһ˵վһϵҾֵϣŷ˵üǣɷţң֮ٲԶʴ֮ˣ˴γͽǵŮһӦɱ⣬˾ȻδпᣬҲϻյʥʡɷңİˣһׯһׯɱɷʴȣǶңղ̣ϣһ֮ģ֮
ĬáŷֵȽ˻ȥһŵλ䣬ǻʲôļûУ
ڴʱȴǰվһˣȴʣֻʣӡƣԼԿáǾҪԿʺ񣬶ڡƪƣˮܳɽʯܳߡνɰٴɽʯʣɷ߰˰ҪȫɱǿҪѪɺӣʬҰ
ʵ֮ȴųһˣ롣ʮ꣬Ӣϵãȴңֽ̻شڲ磬Լ֮ʱǴ֣ǹȥľɳ
ֻǸһҾϣ˵õȷΪߵԿʴˣǰ֮ûɷĲ̣Ȼ֪ǵؿ¼ңΣѧ󴫡Ҳһ仰Ϊߣũ֮ȥɣ̳֮䱾ʹֳӣ
˼Ϊ߼Ҫũڳһ㣬ڵϸֳôƵضܷչˡϣʮ壬ѾիϰƸ֪ɷ֮Ҳн֮ŭɷңնԣǻӲݣ뽫֮𣬸֮ѡư
ƹܲƸĴ˾ͽ¼ɱĴ˾顢ˮĴ˾ջɽȫվ˳Ǵ˾ϣ㵱꽨ºͺǣɷ뺺ͨ飬ǽ԰ǲܼ֮࣬һڿ׷ѿˣɷ廹һ췴ңһĲɱңİգΪߴ˵ػǣȻ·ɷвܣֻܳ׳ˣңذҲͬȵĹ۵㡣
ڲ˾ͽ˾ܡ˾ңĴ󳼣λֻة˾ŸıԪ˧˾֮£˾Ÿƽʱľ˴󳼶վ̬ˣ׵Ĺæ׷׳֧֣֮ϣʱһƬɱ¾֮
Ӣ֪Щ󳼵ĻõȷеȻûоȥɷ֮սҲûĿɷ˶Ժز̣ƽʱһЩϢɷȻǹͨڴߥޣ˲ٵıЩȻкܴԣһ̵ִֹԸ֮ϣ֮ȫ𣬵Ȼһݵð취ˣŮͯ˵ɱɱֻ½ǵһĲҾ徵ľᳬսʱ¹̫ˣձйѵıѡ뵽뿴ξ˵
ֺһû˵ƺ˼֮Уʱ֮ѻȸһöڵ϶ܹ֪Ͻľ
Լʮ֮ȴڰĻȷǺеҲӡôһ仰̫ۣ̫ʥڸ֮䡣ɷȫɱ⣬ȷǳ򵥣ֻ轫˻ҵӻܺͿɣǣҪ˵޹ȥɷȫʧܡȴˣãǼһˡ
˵͵ϵ
Ļ͸ߺּϵ
ȥ
һ󣬾˵ɷ˴

һ䡣Ŵ֮һˣȴһʮߣӿݣһĲɣҲѾˣһȣ·ΡΡԵһӡ
ߵ˵ܯ֮£ꡣ˻̫֡ȥ˸Ǵ¡
ȴֲȻڵϡ
Ҳǿֻǵʲôطˣ
Сǹȥʯͷǣڵʥǵˡ
һʯͷǹȥɷ׸ǹ˻νɷľǣǸɷˣΪҪͨܵңޡ
Сϡ֮꣬ۼϡԻ˵Լм֮
Ŷʲôм޵ء
С˸øмеɷ˶ӦøмսɷʱС˲ʮ꣬ʱɷս꺱Ļ֣£ӹ࣬һЩҶסɽ֮СÿֻܳգӼҪеŮʮϵĺӶҪͶǻϵغ󣬳˻֣λ˴ʳְɷ˵һһĺСˣҲȢһϱ˼ӣÿϵĺôŸļͷ
һ˵ţһͷ
ȻɷҲ֪޵ضݣΪλô˸Ź˻췴
̧ͷⶼǹ˻ҺɷЩǵĻĳ˻˵׼ּɷ壬ȫɱһǵʱĹةڻǰҹԱ⣬ɷȫةദ˵ɷһңҪƹةٴγѪϴɷ塣˺֪ôģɷİ˴棬˵ǹ˼ԭɷĹѪͳ˻Ұ𱲷ǹȥ޴֣ԵةŻɷһ岻𡣡
˵Աʹ˻ҡ˵˵ƨ
һֹ֣˻һɿЩʲô
˻֪С͵֪϶µأð˴ȥе˵ǻڲ֣պһλʵҪɷ¶ֵģΪǿңȥ˺סĴݣ˺˵źŮ˵˭ֵģǷŮ˻ǲƱ˭УҪһҪôƽ֣Ҫôץ־ɷ඼ңڣ˵ĸԣŮ˵ûвĽģ˻ô˵ټƽʱĻ˾
ӢһֱĬĬĻңĺӹñɷ˺ãΪɷĵأǸϵƫƧƶٵıɵġ
һʱȴһ˻⻰û˵ôʩɷĲûдӱ˵ĵ۵˲ߣɷܹûбȫһƶ趵طչˣҲˣҲ֤Ǽǿġ
ʱ뵽֡ѾйĹߣӦLɷȾӦLһ壬ң¶ôLǾķˮصģңǱΣʵڲ٣ҪԶֺƽֻǷǳѣҲֻȽĿǰΣˡңҲܹܳһʱ䡣
˼糱ӿ䣬ȴãѾ֪ˣȥɣ޻ᰲ˺úõĿء
ǴæǧлĹл뿪ˡ
ȵһߣ»һȦڰ䣬ղŵĻҲˣɷ˲˶ޡ޽ȫɱǾ׵𣿡
ڳˡһʱ֮Ҳû˵ʲô
ʱȴһ̾ʵɷ£ѾķʡˣвжΣһ޹ȥչأԳ̫裬Żù˻лɳˣ޶ɷеĸĸﲢף֪ɷ˹Щȴ˷˹˻ңΪ㣬޼ʧɵؾ棬ɷеŮеô޽ڲʲ壬ӹܵؾأպҹѰڰ䣬ϣٸһᣬɷ壬ɷ֮ԲܽޱȻλͣѰң
ôһ˵ղȫɷش󳼶æվڵϡ
еĵϣǳһʱçǷܣϣһʥ¡еϣһִңٷϾˣոǰҵһǸм㣬ɷ£ǹ˻ǹĹȻڶԱ䣬ǾͰȵĹǻҾɷ˿Ǻˣɷˡ
һ֣Щȫȥ޽ңĻʵۣܵ飬Ҳ᷸´ҲΪԼشѾսＺگĹʧ˻ȻҰģı췴ة൱ȴǾϹᣬĹĺͣô˵ûйةĸ޽պ¹֮ϣȥȣ෴޽گ׷ͨةΪΪĹأңİ֪ʲôңʲôǼ飬˭й˭й޵Ȼ֪
Ӣܼ׵Ťת˳֮ͥϵƣ̣ڴķڷĲܷҶڹͨ׷⣬ңİ֪ͥԹ˼ҵĶ񣬸Եù˻ҵ壬һǵĶ־е˼£뵽ԼǰǸӣ֪һζԣȻԼδһ䣬ҪʤֻҲǼѡ
ʱȴһ̾޴£йةıߣȫ֣зԪ˧򣬸󽫾Ƶ´󽫾κҵʤ󽫾硢Ҵ󽫾ʵֹܸ񷽾Ԫ˧ޣƵմȾѪȣκ󽫾ʣֻԴ󽫾󽫾ɷһ˴ξٶ·ǰȥȻ˾ة˧ȫԸǡ
ڳæӦǡ
˵ͷȻּ
ͼվ˳ڡ
Ϊ·ļһ·֮ϣ˾ةĽ̻壬ףĪʧ
æһҾֵǣףʷģһú˾ة̵ġ
һ£ֵӢּ
ӢܼʼɽԾԾˣԸϽվ˳һҾֵڡ
ӢܣѾΪƷ½ˣһֱȨ޸ǧ¾㣬˾Ԫ˧ңİȫĪ⡣
ӢǰѾ˵˴£һҾ
Ȼվ˻ȥ
⼸ܯ֮һֱûзԵ˾ŸһҾɣµĽ죬ɰɡ
˾ŸҲ˵ͷ⽫סʤƽ·򱱽ν󽫾ٻ
佫֮վˣȫʮ׳ӣһҾúة
˾Ÿ⽫Ϊǰͳ죬ʤƽ·Ϊоͳ죬򱱽νΪͳ죬󽫾ٻΪͳ졣
˱һҾֵĩ
Ȼ»ȥ
˾ŸͣЪֵʮӢܼ㽫֮ʱԵݣһΡȻַ֮ƣĵɡ
˾Ÿ֣ˮĲúһУһҾ˵ˡ


 316 ¾1
һ˾Ÿ㽫ϣһҾ˵ˡ
ʱŵң˻ҴĽթҲ֪ģңȻĻ֮ȴ򲻿С죬ر󣬹ةʱİʮżܣڻһ޷޸޷ϵϹة֮ʱ˻Ѿõ˹ة洫й֮޲ҾпҪڴ˳Դ˾ةҲ뵽һЩƽֻ֮ǴҪСĲǣУȻԸɱսɱʱκεĹ˼ɣˡ
ǰڽԣȫӦǣʱҶһսĶʮ㣬ش
ֵãеľةղѾˣ޾Ͳٶ˵ˣصľѾּݾۼԼҪʱ䣬ڰú׼һ£֮ʦ
ʱеĴ϶ֳ˷֮ɫǣϳһɾصڹ¹ĵ֮䡣
ȵɢµȴӢ˹һܣӢܵ÷һγǶһ£Ҫúõıֱ֣ñ˿Ͳǡ
Ӣ˵ƺָһµȻңǳӣΪʴȺƣȻ̫ѡĸ̺˵ȥֻŮ˻ûʲôȴ᲻⣬οٳûΪ̫ӡֻ¸д뷨γҲ֪ǸڿԼȻúõŬһ
ʵӡһֱܺã±Цŵ˵ͷǰүǻϸһλᣬһҪúõİղŶԣҿ˾ةԴ̷ǳСҪѧѧŶԡ
Ҳһͷ˾үүǴ󽫾ңǼұģо̣ȻңĽҲҳȵùģ˼һҿ˻⹷һˣ˵굽һڽⳡսҿ¾㹻ʲôʥȥˡ
Ӣȴһҡͷүղڴ֮Ҳ㸸˵ˣǧҪС˻ң˻Ȼʶ˵˼лıûƹðһԣҲһ̳֣򲻿ɵġ
ʵơѵûƣ˾үүѵûƣ˻ҵɷЩһֱﵲɷһûʲôµĻҿҲ
Ӣǳţ־ʢ⵹Ҳʲô£ЦһЦ˵ȥֻǵү˵ǧ¾֪
Цô÷뿴ľˣãûʲô£ȥһˣ˾үүǱԪ˧ҪȥʿǲŻָӡ
Ӣܼ˾ŸѾ־̧˵һ֪ıȻ㴧ϣȡһһֱϣĳݺ档
˺һ󣬲ż˾Ÿ̧ŽһϺΰɷǳĴլӢƵϹš¡ĸֻ֣Ѿǳ¾ˡ
ʼ֣÷⡮¡֣ǹȥĴʵΪ˾ΪµĺպսµģȻң˾үүûȡ
Ӣĥ֣ȴǴ棬Ȼ˾ҶԴ£ôܵȥһ߸ԼةģǸҡʵڲǺϰбȻʲôԼ֪ԭ
ʱҲԸȥҲ룬ȥ˾ŹϵʣϽ밲ʻȥͨ˾ة࣬˵Ʒ½Ӣıˡ
ŹٴӦһʹҴҵȥһĳةүԽȥ
˵žӢǣӢܺͺĬͷȾ͸ȥˡ
ŹٵĴ£˽˸ͥԺ˺һ󣬲ŵ˸⣬ŹһүʵڶԲסة㵽鷿ò裬ԽԼȥ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҪ±Źȴة˵Խ㲻طֻܽȥȥ
֪˾ŸһлҪӢܽ˵ͷԱߵ鷿ȥ
Ӣܾ˴ȴټĴʱֻ˾Ÿһλ裬ԱߵϾͷһɫذԲ״ֹһһҾֵƷ½Ӣܲμࡣ
Ӣ˽˾Ÿһֱ˵ͷӢܣһ˵
Ӣܱ׵λϡ
ʱֻ˾ŸӢܣѾ˵ˣԴ֮ǳͣôǴûôҵǰһ˵ģο㻹ôᡣ
Լ˾Ÿǰ˵ԼĻӢҲеܣ㱧ȭһҾǻˡ
˾ŸҡҡͷϵԸҷǳǲҳ˵ġܹˣҲЩܹ¡
˵ֵӢܣ彣ϸ˵ңɵزѡ׵ĵӣһ̨ɱ˵޳ƷԿõıһһǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷĩرȷһһ
˾Ÿ˵ͷһһ赣Ϸûв´ӦǺҵġʽԲԣ
ӢһҲ΢Ҫ֪书Ѿãֻ֪ǵ֪֮˾Ÿֻ˵һھ˵˳ǼŹ㲩ޱˡ
˾ŸӢеĲ֮ɫ΢΢һЦʵҲûʲô˾ҲΪиң⣬ԽϵҲָƣǣʽ֮Уǰҳһ˽ƾ⣬ʽң޵֣˾Ҳ³Թڱʼзǳ꾡ؼأ֮Ϊ±ʽ֮ףԿƵϷȥ֮ʱҲС죬һһƷǣʽϷʵ벻ʲô书ܹˣֻǺݱ𣬼Դ֮ûʲôɫ֣ϷΪǣʽѾʧˣҵ꺼һűɱǵʱ䶯Ѫû뵽سӢܣңûжãǴѧġ
ӢҲͰԼ̩ɽȥ﷽ǶԸ̣ʯ֮мϺĿ֣ѧˣʽ˵һ顣
˾ŸĬĬ꣬Ȼһ̩̾ɽɽãȻң֮Уȴһֱûʲôɫ̩ɽɳԽἣȷһ£ɳ֣ĿһУҲѹǴȱ͹ܵ裬ϺΪʦѩܣɱţؼҲ̫̫µĵҲܵӰ죬ݶģҲʵλϳɷ壬گµӲսԴ˿Ҫʹòǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲ˵£ɷޣȥԸɷ壬ʧһ壬ֻǵ׸ǲȷֵϸ˼
˾ŸҲ˵£ֻǵӢܣ˵ʱսߣѧõˣ
Ӣܵӱӱ澭躡Ѿֿһ顣
˾Ÿ˵ͷ⼸鶼ϸĥҲһʱˣԡӱΪڷ֮٣һ䣬ߣҲǸоҪӢסáһģѧϰȴҪκεıҪķչ仯ѰҳƽʵʷҲΪʲô˶ѧһıȴ֣֪֮ӹڳٶۣڻص
Ӣ֪˾ŸڵԼæվһҾ˾ةĻĩһġ
˾ŸֲʧǫѷҾֹжȣһͬ˿ɱȣҲڰԵͷɫһӢܣʵ˵Ӧúնһһ˾үүγϷԸҪúõضʶ֮⣬ҲҪһĴ㣬ңľ㵽磬ҲҵǼѵõĻᰡ
Ӣֵǣ˾үүӢס
˾ŸЦͷˡʣµľжٽаգھлӦùְơ
һ˵ţһߴԱߵǿԲıӢܣʶľӪȥһƽҲһϵһǺϺȻͻľ¾˧Ҳһҷʧʱĺ󱸾ѡĶǸľҪúõĴ죬սӦòŵġ
˵⻰˾Ÿͻ˻ֵˣӢܣȥɣʲôһȥ㸮нġ
ӢܱһҾ֣ǣ˴к鷿Ȳ迴ʣԼ¾ڵطλǣųȥ
֮䣬˳ţЧԼĪԶͼһľΧɵԯţԼٸһһ鼫Ŀյأʱʿǹأ󵶵ģģҲƵģźߺ֮ڶ֡ԯվʮֳֳǹʿǰͦأǾ
ӢŴ˷صһЩԸ񣬲ƽʱȻջǰ£ңúһƵģӪĳȴһ񣬸еһ˵˷ܡ
ЩʿʶӢܣԯŶһУξģǰȵǰʲôˣǾӪصأ˲ɿ
ȥµĽ˵½ӢܵˣҪϿǰӭӡ
УξˣӢһۣ˽ʱһæһֵǣλԵһȥ֪߽ͨ
һ˵ţһ߷ɿžӪĿյȥûãͼһףԼĪʮ꽫ͷǺĴҴҶԯ⣬ӢһҾĩƷ»ƽ֪һλӢԽ
Ӣܴӻͳ˾ŸԼǿŸƽ˹ȥ
Ǹƽ˹ҲӻͳһͬıһóһԲΡ
ƽʱһҾĩӭԽӪ
ƽԯʿҲȫҾֵӭԽӪ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǻݼ
ƽˣһҪ֪ȻûнΪ̫ӣңľ֪˳ɽδңľѾΪ̫ӣƽְеͣȻϵãʱϽʰݷĩƽμ£ǧ꣬ǧǧꡣ
һƽƽǾӪһжԽģ㲻عܱ
ƽһҾӦǣȻүԽﲻ˵ĵطĩ˵ա
Ӣܵ˵ͷʸӪȥ˴⣬ƽһ֣ʿǰǣ
˴ˣȴһŶʮſΣԸһܡ
ʱ޾ӢܲȥֻڴﻷһȦƽʲôطˣӱˣʲôʱ򵽵ľǣЩʿ
ǸƽһҾֵؽĩˣǻϽңһӵľѾʮˣŵľǣЩʿȫĩة֮ݡݵȵѡģǾгɫľӢÿնѵ㶪
Ӣܵ˵ͷܺãүƽǳȥɡ
˱˳ĶӢܵ÷²ôƽȻةѡӦôˣѧѧ
ӢҲ֪Լֻ֮ǳ棬ͷӦǣʱ÷ľӪͶϤϤһЩ£ˡ
˵վӢƽҾ·ɱԯš
һߣƽԽȻѾ˾Ӫʿ˵仰ɣҲϵ㡣
ӢӦˣҲ뿴ӵж͵ͷãƽټʿҺʹʶʶ
ƽߵһߣߵļʿԸһ䣬ЩʿȡţǣصĴ
ţֻ֮ǿյϵʿ̿ʼٵжӣӪ֮Ҳʿûãǹǹ鵶룬ηһľͷĸ̨֮¡
ӢܼӴţǺŵۺϣǧ˲ֻʱ䣬Ҳѵˣ⣬ԸƽҲ͡
ƽӢܼױǸ̨ʿڽʿˣλǵ½ӢܣҲǻϵӽԺҪ˭ҪΥ֣ġ
ӢԼǡжʱһҲƽǴ꣬ԼʮĴЩɣҸΪ½ǽĻ֮ϡ


 317 ¾2
˸ƽԼĿӢȴǲɫԼϾǻ׹ݣƽ룬Ҳ֮飬֪һҪ˲Լֻñ˲ĿĳɼûϤ֮ǰǲԷģҲ³һҪôҪôҪнֹ˲Υ־ı䣬ֻµĽʿﲻǾΪ֮
ʱŵʿȴһ룬ɫļУȴһȫ࣬һƬƵġ
Ӣ΢΢˼ڽʿˣѾگɷһ壬սڼּǰ¾ӽԺЧڻϣƽڰգͬͬˣΥģ˵
Ļһ䣬һϣֱһ죬ѾγԱһױ͵һƿǵ֮ϣѩʱˡһ죬ӲĴأǵͷ˸̨һߣھҵĲš
ƽӪûм죬Ȼ֪Ӣ̨¶һ֣жʱһ̨ǧٱԼα뺷òӢ䣬˵绢Хɽϣǰݣʱֵһ㣬ʱۻ
ӢȻһʱɴ֪΢ԱҪһڽʿ֪Լ֮ʿǻҲ֪ҲһõĽŽҵһֹ֣סǵĺִͷ֮߽ȻѾ˵ˡҲ¹棬˴λɷһս¹ңպֻʤܰܡҪӹٷҲڴս֮УսߣϱͥͣеСսߣᵱնɱûеڶλᣬڽʿ뱾һġ¾֮е
Ӣ˵ʱն̬иȾ̨ǧ¾ˣ˶ѪڣҲ֪˭ͷ¾֮еʱ֮䣬еʿۺǧ˷̻ͬһɽХ쳹ھӪϿա
ƽû뵽λ̶̵ļ仰ʿǼ˵ȼд֮磬вɵöдղŲһӡ֪Ӧòƽӹ֮ҲԼС
Ӣܾ죬ҲԸ˵Ըƽ߽ʱ䶼Щʲô
ƽҲλǰ¶һ֣ĩޱ᲼ʲôֻЩı֪֮Խһָָ̡ۣ
ӢҪϤһУ˵ͷã߽͹Ħһ¡
¸ƽҲһ̾ĸߴʿźڡסࡢơࡢϡ̰ɫ
ƽźɫʿһ֣ʿ̾ҡҡ̨³ʳеǧʿ㿪ʼı仯һͱ˰˸Բη
ƽŰɫʿһ֣ʿҡ죬ǰ˸Բηּٵر仯žͳ˰˸Ρ
ƽֱַʿҡ죬̨ǧʿĴӦı仯ʱ׶ǰͻʱչʱһƬʱֺȻɢģǧ֮࣬ȴǰͷӳɷΣɹΣһ֡
ƽʿϣҡ죬ȴӢ΢΢һЦԽ֪Щʲô𣿡
Ӣһ飬ּǿѷ°ɣҲһЦ߽ӦϹʮԲڼбڽضϵоβڷֹ˸ƣʤ࣬׶ͻӪӦ˵ĹԻˣƣȴǹȻʵãʿĴ죬ı仯
˵ֵϹʮ֮Улˮ󣬲ңӣˮԴ٣ɷ岢ˮԲǻ󣬻ӦʿǣԱʱ֮衣
ϹʮǾĻ¼һҲǴжӢϵõ˾棬ƽشƺ󷨲İӦòֻ֪ǹŪçַһЩģҪ̨֪ǧ¾ѡģʵڲ뽫ǽһıؽοԷݣʲôǣԼҲòడ
ãʱѾӢܱʿȫϢ÷ȻŸƽص˴֮УжʮӪͳǰμӢһһϸѯǵ˾ְȫĬĬС
ȵӪͳ춼꣬ƽһױԸһױתʡûһʿȣһм̳ƣҪӢܽӷ硣
Ӣܼˡʸƽ߽ƽʱھӪ𣿡
ƽæһҾֵԽӪй涨ƽʱơոӷ磬ֲͬ
ӢܺȻһЦ߽ͼˣԵĵʲôͬģضҸ˵ʵʵڳԲ㣬ȥʿǶЩʲô
⻰һƽڽȻ̰ңȥĴضϰżĽӴӦҲûй̫ܵΣһҪһٵأӢܾȻ顣
Ȼ˻ˣƽȻٽϲˣӢܳ˴ˣȴʿʱϯضһ롣
Ӣܼյֲͬλ÷Ű˸ÿʮڸŶŴʿҨŷˣԼһ˹ȥЩʿҪæֹߵߣȴʮͰ׷ʮͰˣȴһһأǲңؾȷǷǳķǳķˡ
ǶԼӢ΢ЦжûУҲһ롣
һ㶣̾һ˷Ӧæݹһ룬ӢܾҨ˺ʿһķˣȻ˵ĴڴڳߵһȺϯضʿм䣬һ߳ԣһ߾ҳʲôطأﻹЩʲôˣһЦݺѾȫʲڸ̨֮ϵϣֵһ㣬ЩʿʼЩ£ҲԾҲʼˡ
ƽһֱĬĬĹ۲ӢܣƬ֮ʿһƬҳִҲǽζһ˸ӹһ˿οЦ⣬˵ҲȥһӢһҨ˷ˣĽʼҲ棬׷ȥҨ𷹲
Ӣܼȴ΢ϲʵʿ뽫𣬷ҲսƴҪӹٽˣƽʱսڼǷǳʱڣʿǳҪҲǸһģһƴڱʿӢͶˣ̳սʵںܶĴǴͬСģ˾ŸԼ˵ġãһġȥ˾õľ飬ȫӦõб
극ϢһʱֿʼӢܾϰھӪ֮в֪ĴҹĺʿǶѵԷϢӢ뵽Լûиսƽ˵һźȥ
ɫѾھȴƹܼվڸⶫš
Ӣܣƹܼһǣһߵѽҵү㵽ӪȥôڲŻһֱûԷӢһ㶵ô֪ȥӪˣ
ƹܼҵϳûԷСȥˣС˵ȥةฮȥةฮŹ˵Ƿ֮䣬Źȥة֪࣬˱ȥ˾ӪС˾ͻ˹˵һһֱţڶûгүͿȥɡӺεȽҪǶˣϹС˿ɳﲻ
Ӣˣȴһ̾նԼβ֪Ѿ˱˴Ҫ֮Ѿ޵ӪȥʿͬͬԣºҪ޷ˣ治֪ζ»е˵
¥վ⣬Ӣܶʱ˵Ľˡ
⻰ͼһϮѣ޸졣ŮմҴ߳Ӣܣϱ滨ʢĲõЦԴôڲŻ˰Ѿ˸׼ϲԵĲˡ
һ˵ţһȥˮӢܲϴ֣ùȥŷԸ
Ӣϴ֣նʵòҵģôˡԼȳ˾ǡ
ճһЦԴ磬Ҫ㣬ÿ춼һԵأһ˳ԣ治ϰˡ
Ӣһ֪θ˵ҪӪȥס£ֻ÷˵ˡ
Яֵ˴Եķ£ûãмѾ˷˽
ȸӢЮһƬԴ磬ϲԴƬȥĸҪģӵ㣬ʱ򻹻㳢۲ۣòóԣ
ܵӢҲӿůЮƬˣͷţܲãζҲá
ЦģðҾ֪ϲԣǾͶһЩĸﻹв٣ҽȥҪЩ
Ӣ֪ٲ˵ǲ˱¿նһҪ˵
յʱӹһ˿ȻȻЦðӢܣ˵ʲô£
Ӣ۴а֣ԼϣնӦ֪Ѿ˱ˣӪ£һϤ𣬾͵Ӫסˣܻһʱ䲻㣬úõڸʵڼįˣ͵ۻȥĸ󣬻ЩСǣòá
ԣȦȴȻһ죬ᣬĵԼֱϣЩίЩԹҾ֪Ҿ֪Ҫ˵ĻԴ磬һȥǲǻܾã
Ӣ֪ԼºҪһ̴Ҳ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬˵ͷնҲҪһʱ䡣
մͷ૵ĵ̣Դ磬οֵʱ̣ҾúǲųףҪ뿪ˡ
Ӣܵ躡ƣʤ첻첻ȣ겻ɡʿǵů񽫣оԽĹؿڣŢС˧ӦУеʿͿ࣬פʱȫӪޣ˧ʰЪʿǵط˶ˣ˧ܿʼʳԼʿǵļֹ㣬ʿſԺͽ˧һģ޲ȡնʼȻǧҴ졣ҾһҪáǳΪһ֧Ҳܲȥ𣿡
պȻ̧ͷʹĵ˵ͷסԴ磬ʲôףˣҪӦ¡Ҳϣһ񸸻Ӣۣǡǡжף᲻㰡ô࣬ôΣա
Ӣջ飬ͷɵѾͷⳡս㸸ѾгǴ˶õأ˾ةҿڳǷǳǲΣյģѵԴر㻹ô
æԴ磬ر£ǡǲʲôҡǲĵġ
Ӣижն֪᲻Դ磬ԴҲ᲻㰡ȴ޷ܴڼ㰡
һȻҡҡͷԴ˵ˣʲôף͵Ӫȥɣ·ƷѾʰˡ
˵⻰ӢܵԴ磬ǲǺ鷳ķ¡
Ӣû뵽ѾµԼؾѾʰָ˸նһúõıԼģġ
յ˵ͷԴ磬֪֪ϻжҪɣң㡢ٻ㡢ѩýǣҪ񸸻һԶԶչǣǡ
Ӣβ֪ԼϵЩŮһҸϣԼܹţϣԤģϣԼƽƽӹӹĶɹһһҪ׷ģֻ鰮
ʱȴյԴ磬һ£Ӧ㣬Ҫ̩ɽȥɲ˵㻰
ʱӢܶպ˵ԼʱӦպ̩ɽɿ£ֻǵʱ켸һȴ벻ջУڻһͷһȥ̩ɽɿģֻǰսڼûˡ
յԴ磬Ȼûмλ㣬Ӧλˣ㡭Ҳܺãͺȥо̣飬һ̸㣬ҾͲôįôˡ
յԸĹ֮ͨ˶ˣӢܹܺദΪõĹѣڶյĳԣף֪Լйεģʱ֮仹ûˮɵĵزǵȴս֮˵ա
µնպ˵һսѾ׼꣬Ҫ˶þܹʱǾҲˣҲ㵣¡
һ̾ĵ˵ͷû˵ʲôˡ
ͣӢȥ鷿ȡһЩܹʵõرʰãȻڻ԰Яͷڤһ޼ʣֻһ¸գмǵ׺⣬ް裬⣬䣬յû԰е滨ݣʯԼӻ֮࣬峺棬
⾰£Ȼһ̾Դ磬Ҫھͺˣȥ£Ҳ̫įĸһһ㣬㡣
ӢܺȻͷնʵ֮㻹кܶµġ
һ̾Դ磬㲢ȫŮˣ˳֮⣬Ĵ£һŮ˶ԣ죬ĵأһУԴ磬ҪúõչԼ
Ӣܲ˵ʲôˣֻǽսӵԼĻӣȥմʱѾûɬǼĻ֮˲ŷֿȻӵһЯֻص޷
ϴϣŶӢ˫˫ϴһжϬӵһ
һȴӢһƣڴϣԼɷϣͷӢı⿪˶Ƕ㣬հѩ֬Ӷʱȫ¶˳Ӣ˫һһ˫罿ɣӯӯһյĽ飬һֻȴ˳ļۻΣҲû˿Ļرܣ΢΢ϢӣѾǵӢص壬֪Ǵֻ֮һǣܹˣ֮Ӣ֮ӿͽѹԼ£˫ȣ룬һѾŮɵ˸ˣɷװ鳱Ȼ֮ʱȻʹܿӦˣ§סɷ΢΢֮˾֮ʱӭͣӢһ𵽴˶塣


 318 
ǿ̣֪Ѿǵڶ賿͸Ӣˣ˯ﴲϱգƺ˯ŵ˴˭֪յ£Ҳѹ
ӢܼҪ𴲣æնԼȥˡ
ҲҴҴ˶Ƕ㣬һ£һߺ˯ڸڵ׼ţһӢܴףϵ˿
һӢѾʰõİһ¥µĴʱŶƫ֮Уù֮Ӣȥ鷿ʰõһУһֱ͵˸լ֮⣬Żֶ
ӢܴǱգ¾Ӫȥһҵֵ÷ǳˣֻƬ̣˼ѾյĲ֮ת˾ӪЩһֱڱս֮У֮ӱ˵ʿսûб죬ɱʱˣڲ֪սĺ˹زϤңõлɳˡԾӵ齨ӦΪȣһѧսر졣Խ̻ʮˣʮѧˣԽ̻ˣѧˣԽ̻ǧˣֱȫѧᡣӢܴʱȻ˵ѧĴмңҲѾһ֮У˼Լѧһֵġǹἵġ÷ʵãȻԼҲûѧȫҲʿǵĵԿˮƽ©޷Բת֮ҲܹԼĲɱ޸ֲ
˼֮䡣㵽¾ľӪ⣬ʱվʿȫϵˣһƵ̾͹ݶ¡
Ӣܲ˾Ӫ֮Уȴڳ֮СӪѾޱȣεأɱģģĸԷǸƽľ̨ţҲɵǰԵͷƽȻְλߣľǳḻ˾ةԼǲǡǡֲԼĲ֮
ԶԶļӢƽϽ̨ȭҾݣӢܴһԾ£סֵ߽ˣӽ쿪ʼҾסھӪűĵ
ƽԣʱһ㶣Խ빫ɻ鲻ã»ֻ¡
ӢܹЦ߽߽ǧҪҵʲôֻһˣ㲢ûʲôͬ񣬾νǧ¾ãûʧˡ
ƽӢܵľֹ֮о֪˲ûʲô׹ݵĹӣ΢΢һЦ໥˼֡
ӢƽͿʼµѵƻɸƽΣӢܾ͸ߵս
磬ӢܾøƽЩ书ӵصǹʮѧϰǡǹ롰÷书еȱ֮ҲԼؾ鼰ѧֲرǡ÷ѡˡʽеļе˽ȥʵãѰĵɱȡ
һ֮ЩʿѾѧᣬַͷȥϰܿƹ㿪⻹йӢܵǹһȴһͿȻֻѧϰķݶȻӪһЩ˵ҲϽͷǺȳ˷ͷӪԵս˳ƺоսڼգԼչ۷ʱˣھӪԵǳ˷ܣʱ쳤˻ƽǲͬ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣӢÿʿͬͬԣ֮ʱ֮ϣȴʿ̸ҳ꺮ů˰ӣСʿǴʱѾ֪ǻϵ֮޻׹ݵ磬͸ս޲мӿڶӢȴӿ̿࣬ÿϵʿȫ˯ŻʣȻҪϰ飬ÿֻ˯Сʱ볣˲ͬҲùȥ
һ죬ѾʦɷӣӢܱǧ¾žĴУȥصľѾںݼᣬǳľӲ࣬ʱ½½У֮ڣѲúõǰкУƮҡӳգһŵ̳ǹǹѻǹâһӶӵݵᵶɱеָ֡֡б۵ȴǧӪʿȫźɫףǿ뺷Ŀ⾼ȫڶʮ֮䣬һ֪ǴӸӪоѡġ
׵Ĺٱ飬к󣬾һĺ֮һ롣ǰΰأŻ۵ȴû֮ϣȴһƥͷˢͣģЩƣսĺɷѡһƥ·ͬؿ
ȴһƥĳݡӢһ۾ϳ˾Ÿϳʱáڳ֮󣬾ѾӣԴźףݣɷٺһЩȴһƷϵسɫܡһսȫʮİա
еĽʿԼͬı㻶жһ𣬵ɽһ㣬òһ㣬ڽʿĺдһ˵ǰı̨һӣڽʿֹ
ӢܼطɣжʱеĽֻ˵صزȷǿοƽ޺ˣֲĸĸŮҲ޽ӣҺԼ˵ѽ⣬Ķȥ治֪жôʹ࣬ôڣԼҲİףΪظ׶е
ʱ̨µڽʿһ󣬲û˵ȴһ׵Ľɽһʥּߵǰ棬ʥּչˣңʵگԻ˻ңΪҳ֮󣬸֮ģ֮λ²̬֮۹Ű񣬶ʩ˹ϸңߥɷ˴˱ңΪһ
ӢܴʱĵѧѾг֪Ǵ˻ҵҰļ壬ֶɷ˴̰޳ܴ֣ûＰɷİգֻ˵ܼƭӦʡ˻ҵľӣͥһֻѰ·
ϭģɽ˵һߣһĴλʿţ֮⣬ϭѾ˵ʱ¹سͥһͳϵŰհΨһֱʥǣԪףڴܻɱɷ˴֮һߣǧܻɱ˻ߣٰһƷܾңжвɷ֮ڽʿӦðʸ˷£ɷ֪ҴѪ֮ģ϶Եڣ¶ԵʬҲ޺
Ӣк弤˵ңˣҲеһѪڣžΧĽʿ˾ٱۿ֮òͣɫܼӿ֮״
ӢȴǸ֪̾ɷľʮң˸ǵؾɷһĲʮˣң˾ɷһľӾʹﵽʮ֮࣬˴ټ·ǰǰкҲʮңҲ˵ɷһ࣬ҾǿѵսԲͣҪһһಫɷʿδǶ֣оԵİջʤֻ˵˻ҶԻ֮ǳľƣƵ丸ϣֻΨһֵ̳ˣӢ֪ľ£Ƚܹһǧء˵սһ͵ս˵ľ˸ߴ򣬶ȴ٣ȽսԵȷǼҪ֪˻ҵĵƾΣҲԼ˵Թ˻ҵѾ˶Ը֮Ҳ֪һսǷЧ
ţ뺷ʿȴһԪ˧׵˾Ÿ̧˸̨֮ǰűһ֮ϣһ̫Ͷһ̶֮ûƲһ£ĽǻƲ򿪣ȴһᡣ
ֻͷߵ˾ŸǰٹͷӴ˾֮£죬Ԫ˧ơ
øԸеݵ˾ŸǰӴ˾֮£ԨԪ˧ơ
Ӣܼ״֪ǹصذݽʽеĽʿ֮УرؼսǾ龰ģҲɼԴսӡ
˾Ÿӹ˸ᣬ˲һֻȹڵϣŹҲ˵ĸԤսʥڳָ͢ӡľͲ·ʥϣʥγ£¾ָӹУ񳼼ѷվ´Ȩ͵ЧڽȫʤϣʥȫȨ֮ڳʣΡ
˵žͽǸ˫־ͷ֮ϡ
ҲãȫȨھս֮ϵһɱᣬսָȫƾԪ˧
˾Ÿ˵
վ˻ȥ
ݽʽ˵һߣ˾Ÿֳָᣬûٶ˵ʲôֻһ̨֣µ޹ֻսģһָڽʿ
̨ҡȴ֣ǰʼƺƵŷȥ
Ӣְܵо˾Ÿһֱţȴ˾ŸʾԱߡ
ӢѾ֪ⳡսʣ塢ɷຮμӣֻоຮȴźѺݾӢܵΪôҪ֪ӵھзǳ⣬ǰ֮Уֻ»ƾԼ֮øսߣҳ֮ʱҪֱвֲ֪֮Ը⿴ӳ£Ǹʸ˾ŸңϣңĴⳡսеõ˾Ÿָ㣬ٵĳɳս̫֮֮λֻ¹˶þҪͷˡ
Ӣһ£¾ͽ˾ŸΧסǰ֮󣬻ǰнţһ·֮£ȴѾվ˰գʻʻˮˮӱͷģǡף쿪ʤ
տ
֮
ӢܼǸϲЦտ˷֮ɫɷһҲκܾˣӦû˻ΪңЩĺжвɷˣһ̱Ȼǽݿֱ࣬ңҪָյƽˡ
ʱѾӢܲζУװͷϽڣƿһ帣ƣ糤Ϻգһϸۼףһɫ磬һ˫ƻƤѥ¹һݣ磬Ӣ쳣
ֵĳ棬ʲͷӢܵ÷㿴Ƕӵǣ˵ҪһʤսͱҪʥιıʿӢսӵ֧֣Ȼʵݷ㣬˵ǻʲôûо߱ģ˻ҵϾҪˡ
ӢʱԽԽ侲ү˵սʱ˺ͣȫ棬⻹ȥսʤܵأҾʱ˺棬ʱ˺Բ˵ǽɷսһȴûƣ˻ҼȻıûκΰգҪСΪ
ʹЦ÷ǳ־Լ簡˻Ȼƻܶù˾үүɷظȫȥͻ˵ͼκģ÷Ҹģ֮ڣǵĴһʥǡ
ӢȻû˻ңѾԽԽʶǻӢ䣬ǹ˻췴֮ʱûңУ˻Ҳû뵽ֳԼսңɷǿ֮ƿ˵Ǻʣ˻ұȻһֻԼ֪̳֣ڵʲôȻ޷µֻϣ˾ŸܹӦźá
ʵĻӢֻ΢΢һЦүҲôʲôģҲϣսⳡսҾܹնȥˡ
֮ƣԲһȻҪȥҲ֪նϰϰ
Ӣһֱңշǳ֮ƣҪ»ҰļҴңĲƸӶңһ޷ѪѣԴнһϸ֣̽һжҪⳡս֮󣬱үģնϰߵģʵĶȷǱңȽ̫ࡣ
ӢƽԼһЩ˵ʵҲ˺һ̾նãҲټ
ʣǳע֮飬һӢҲǳĸжǷǳĽʱȻ뵽ĸȻֻԼһӣĸȴ֪ʲôˣĸ˵ˣôһгɾͺеλĸѾֿôˣӦòỹһ˰ɣ˵ԼҲͬĸĵܻܵã뵽жʱɵһȡ
˼֮䣬ѾŴ˳ţ˳žǴźݶȥӢܼǰĲжӶУҲǰ̾ʱսԲԵȷģǧ֮⣬ҪԼ˫һߵĿĵأҪнսǶ־һֿ飬ֲñСݴƣս˵ʿҪʡµö࣬˵ǧ֮ҲܹһϢһڼ̵ʱڵ


 319¡ۼ
֮󣬵Ӧ츮ңӾ͵˺ݡ
ʱݳѾǴչ˻˺ǹӳӪʸһһ߼ʡ
Ӣ·Ұ⣬ʱļжʮʿƶһǰͷսȴǳأԼףż̽Ϊ󣬿ʮϣʣ֪սɷ˾ŸϹŴս峵ƳרŶԸ˻ҵġ
ûãӢ˾Ÿ˺ݳǣȴֵߵʿҲǴϢæȥȻ¥ϡر߹ţ뾩ǰһһܣʱңеľӷ϶һɷأͻɡ
˺ݸ̫ظã˾ŸϢ֪̽ͨĽڰʱ֮ǰñӢܵ¾ͷɢڸõĸְ֮
ʱ֮еѾ˴֮ŶվȴڰԱϡ
˾Ÿʼ㽫㵽һˣ˼ҪĻ㱨װһֱŪ˰ŽӢĬĬ䣬εݵһƷԼƷʮԼͬƷεжʮˣĽƷ£ԤƵʮˡ
㽫˾ŸûаϯڽԶأ֮ɷس
䣬˽ЪϢˣӢȴȻĴѲȻݳǲرѪӦòѰ·׻˵úáһ򣬾һȻ˾Ÿ𽻸Լ;˾Ÿİȫκε⣬ȥɱ֣Ȼܹ㵽ѪǱ˵ؽѡʲôд·ߣ˾ŸסһЩҪĵطڣκεǣѪҪ벻֣ȴҲס
ת۾͹աһӢȻһ΢˴̫ظѲ顣յԺͼһױҴҵҾֵԽһŮӣն
Ӣһʱһ㶣նŮӣ˵Ƕˣ벻ᵽݸԼ
˼䣬Ѿææ̫ظǰԺȥ˴⣬ȻͼһŮѩ׵Ĺü䣬Xɽ۲ΣºˮӣһһխѣбһμȽΣȴ̩ɽɵض˭
ӢƵ򣬶ʱ㣬ôˣ
ȴ¶Թ֮ɫŮ̩ɽɵӶ򣬰ݼү´󽫾
˵žһ
Ӣܼ˵̬ģ뵽붡̩ɽ֮ʱǲҪȥһڷˣ˭ϵǰĳ棬նվǳΪ˷ޣȻԹˡ
뵽ӢҲ֪ν˵ﲻ˵ĵطǵ˵
˵ͷӢܽ˸լǰһƫ붡ºһױȲ裬ͻ뿪ֻʣ붡ˡ
Ĭ˺һӢܲŵôģ
ȥͷگңǰݴӾҾʦʦˡ
ӢϵңĽ˲ս̩ɽ˶ˣ
İٶˣʦǶˣʦ˵һҪȥ̩ɽɵӱ𡣡
Ӣ֪̩ɽԾϴһ֮еصսһ룬ѾԪˣİٶӦǷǵرǮˣ벻ȫܹƴ׿ԼĶԹ̸ȷһѺְ
ʱȻһˣæʦûУ
˵ͷˣûк̩ɽɵĵסһ𣬶ǻЩɵĽʿ֮С
Ӣ̩ɽһսеӢѪԣҲǴо⣬һͷʦ뷽кĳԹȻһˡ
һȻʦʦΪСԹʦҲʦ֮ΣγԹ治֪ʲôʱܹ⡣
Ӣһֱһ£̲סʵи뷨֪ĸоûУ
Щصʲô뷨
Ӣܵʦʦ˵Сˣǲǣ
ͷǵء
Ӣܵҿδء췽Ƕǰ˵⻰ʱҿʦɫЩԣʦǸûʲô۶ˣҵĹ۲ûдǱȻ˵˻ѻС㲢ûҷʦ֪䡣
ʱʧôᡣʦʦΪʲôҪѡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦˣǸ˼û˻µ͸ģʦϲȻҪˡ
üͷƺ˵ЩˣڹȻ̧ͷӢܵԴ磬һ¡
ӢɫϵȻҪԼйػ£Цʲô
Դ磬Ȼ﹫ףأ֪֪
Ӣ֪ܲ
ԣһʱǵͨ졣͵վԴ磬㡭ôҪȢ﹫ҲӦøӰԴ磬롭벻ˡ
Ӣܼһʧ治֪˵̾һ鲢еնסҲû뵽ĻԵҲǲҵӣֻһңԶĵط޷֪ͨ
ʱңԶĵطңԶĵطȥҲʮ죬ô޷֪ͨ
Ӣҡҡͷ»񲻵ģ˵ĿԣģҵӦòᷴնĻµأΪΪ֮ҲкܵĹϵ
ʵڶУȫĿеĴӢ۴һ壬˼ǨˣӢܣҲֻͣôһ˵ֻȥ͹кܵĹϵĪҲǻ׹ݣ
Ӣֻܸ˵ôˣҴӦ㣬ⳡս֮󣬾ͽһи㣬òã
ͶӢܳĳݣһֿϿң뵽̩ɽΣ֮ʱһУһḡŵˣҪˣԼòȲңĵһŮ﹫ҲŮҪ̩ɽʱΪһУİʾ᲻ģֻҪһ仰Լͻ˳ʲôԸ˲ûôӵ¶ҲǵģһпԵģӲ˵ǸңԶĵطָѾˣ
ԽԽ࣬ԽԽӣԹӢ֮ȴѾȫɢҧҧӣվӢٴӯӯһɬĵԲסԴ磬Ҳãˣ֪㲻ˣǡǻ̲סҪ㡣
ӢֵҲûдңԴȷҲһרһˣƾĶۣҵǲƽġ
ҡҡͷԴ磬ʵʵҲûʲô˶˵ɷʲôģ㲻Ǵɷ򣬻ǴӢۣܣȻŮϲģҾ֪ῴ㡣
˵⻰̫¶ǡæֵͷȥӵĺ
ӢŶؽѵ֮״ȷԼ˵ǹһῴԼ뵽Լ顣вɵһô˵Ѿ׹ŮӵĴͳ˵һѾȥˡҶҲѾգǲᷴԵģȻԼѾҪһһֵĴֺͥαȥܾأشһ桢Ҷٻǵúܺõġ
룬һԼ붡ƺûеȻȻˮɵĵزҴսڼȥЩŮ˽ʵΪǣ»Ժ󿴷չ˵ɡ֮²ܸŮκεһԸǡ
ʵӵý֤ӢܵΪˣȴһһοԼ˼֮࣬ҪӢܣȴֲ֪˵ʲôǺãԼҲúΣֻһԽԽ̣վԴ磬ʦ֪ҳˣġˡ
ӢʶŮ֮Уߵһȴһ£ʱԼȥ˼Ů˵⣬˵ͷҲվðɣȻˣҾͲˣҾоʲô£ֻҡ
һ㶯ƫӢһֱ͵⣬һۣɬһЦһƥųǱȥ
ȵһߣӢܾ뵽˾Ÿ֪ǵΪˣ֮ʱֻ»ƫʧӦһ²ǣ±Ŵȥ˾ŸѾﴦˡ
˴ȻѾཫ˾ŸһЩľ񣬶ʾ˾ŸԱߣ˾Ÿд飬˧ӡЩȥӻȡ衣
Ӣܱվһ󣬺òײŵȵһ϶ߵ˾ŸԱߵԪ˧ǲѾټ˽ǰˡ
˾Ÿ˵ͷѾ֮ǰнӵگʱأһվ¡
ӢֵԪ˧֪֪̩ɽɵ˷ǡ
˾Ÿ΢΢һЦ½ҷ˼ʼ壬Ժݶ𱨺㣬ǲǣ
ӢˣһЦԭѾԪ˧˵ˡ
˾Ÿ˵ͷ£᲻ģЩˣѾȫһӪ滢ӪԼǧңɵˡȭɣн书ǿֳʲôµġ
ӢܼɣȷЩʦ緶µڶ࣬ǰĽλҲܸߣ滢Ӫǲֻ̩ɽɹȥһξԹӦ÷ָá
˾Ÿ̩ɽɵҲ̸֪Ѿ˽򷽰ʦ¹ǸˣҲѾԺãǴ˳Ǹ᲻֪أķǳʱȥ̩ɽɵ˽ֻԾĹĹҲ޵á滢Ӫʱһһ⡮滢ӪҾһ֧ӵأ͵Ϯоǳãʧ
˾ŸѾţӢܾͷģǶһֱû潻棬Ϊ֪̩ɽɵʵ̩ɽԪˣԸ񣬸᱿ʱȥɵĻ룬ｭˣﳯͥң޴ݡ
ں֮ʮ½½ɷط򿪰Σ֮硣ѾִɷأȫڳפҰӪʮĳξΪ׳ۣȷҪ书һˡ
˾ŸȻҰפӢܵ¾»ɷȥʮԶͼǰ泾ȴһɿĳǰһˣȴһŮͷһϽ޹ڣϸһϮ£ףǰһ⻨ϸ۳һ˿ϿһᡣһƥɫĿʮңüӣȻϣòȻֻսͿ࣬ƤԵЩ΢ڣĿ֮Ҳ㲣ɫȴݣн֮硣
Ӣܼ״Ѿµ˭ˣȻԱߵ¶ϲ֮ɫߺﵽﵽ
Ӣ֪Ůһ·Ԫ˧˾٣˾Ÿ˱ȻͽɸǰʿҪӭȥֹæ󵨣˾Ԫ˧·ΰݡ
ôһЩʿϽõһߣȫ˾ٲΰ
˾ٲǣǾֱ˾ŸسǰһԾŹŮӭӵ٣¡
ʱֻǳﲼһƣ׷ԲԵ˾ŸѾһĲ֮꽫ٶٶЩɿõ
ʱ˾ٱվ˾Ÿߣһ˫֮ѾỨΪ˻ϣΪңİգŮٶĿҲֵá
˾ŸڳŮͷòѾݺᣬ૵ҵٶˣҲˣһ̣ҶҪصϵߣоҲһֱ˼㣬Һͻ˵Ҫɷؿ㣬Ƕûͬ⡣
˾ٵͷǣþһŮӼңõңӢѹսʲô
ӢĿһУҲǸж˵ʵЩھۻ˾ٵȷԵҪһЩƤҪֲһЩŮ˲ӦɷˣҲʱصžۣѩüΣò˾һЩֵܽÿ춼ڸĸߣ϶ҲǳԼˣ˾Ϥɷ˴սòСӦȫԸǵģս֮Ȼһžˡ
˾Ÿ˾ǽңȻһ󣬵ܿͻָƽ˾Ÿ˾ٵشߴ֮˳ڡ
ʱæȥݼ˾ٶУ˺һӵĻ
ӢָܼԼ˾˵ʲô˹ȥ˾һҾĩӢܣμԪ˧
˾һŵͷӢܣѾдŸˣ벻նһ޸㣬ĸҪúõϧǡ
ӢҲͷԪ˧Ӣס
˾ٵӢܣҲ֪ǸˣĴնᶼ㣬֪֪ǰЩһյţҪҺúõչ㡣²£˭дģ
Ӣ΢һ˼ˣֻĸдġ
˾ЦӦȻͦ죬λĸдģȻ죬ȴһ˵ϵԼŮҸǧҪȥִʲô̫Σյ񡣡
ӢҲû뵽лƻ˾дţʱҲᵽΪʲôӵܵճɾԳȱΪȱǸָﰵİʥҲѿżԼܹǳһЩõľһЩ׵һЩȷҪĸ׵ĺ
Ȼ̾ȴû˿ı¶˾һȭһĵԪ˧ĩ为ɷ֮𣬵ʱһˣž֮ʲôĩ£ƾǲҪ֪еĽʿǶС޶򲻿ɹ˽飬Ԫ˧ܷڡ
˾ٿӢ̬ܵȣ֪ӦǸѪжͣǵģ˵ͷã֪ˣӢܣȴűҽȥԻ᲼һС
˵䣬˾ѾɷضȥӢܾǧ¾
Сʱ֮ԶԶľͼһǣܴ󣬵ü۸߿񣬶ҳǽ֮ϲʱɼ߲߰ļ뱻ʯĿӰǲ֪ٳѪսɱˡ


 320 ս1
ʼӢھþõǺۼ߰ߵĳǽǳǽһָ÷֪֪길Ŵ̫ӳɷ壬ɷ˳еʳȫˮԴͶ˶رΧʱԮٳٲ˶ˣǸ̫ӶҪ˱ǵˣǸһһ̤ʮӪ˳ȥ·İذ˾ȱɷľӣɷ֮ΧҲһս֮𣬱Ϊ󽫾ŽɷشңĻҵ︸ʱѾΪɷˣɷǰЩѪϴ˳ǣһŭ֮£ָĻԭ֡
ӢǳǽϵľɺۣŵΣһźɷӳɱȥ̤ʮӪ̲סһѪڣĽ鲻ԽźȵͷȰȣ游˾ɱĴ棬أΪֹһչҲˣҰûˡ
˼֮䣬Ѿ˳ţȴȻһķݣĽֵݺύÿһֵѾûʲôˣŸң֮ʱ˵ɷ˵깥ɷؿھǵϵĸȫɱĸ˱ǿ֮󣬶°ȥŮūˣɷѪɺӣʬǱأǾûһɾصطŵʱĲ״ҲǸҧ˫ֽ󣬲ͷȥʡȴҲһ˸ѵһķŭ֮ɫԼĶһ㡣
˼ֵ͵һլȴ˾ٵ˧˾ԲŸ׽ȥһЭӢܽǧ¾ֲ˧Χ˾ٱĻ˧ܡʱѾǲ㾯䣬Ͱһ㣬һֻӬֻҲɲȥ
һҹ޻˵ڶ峿˾ŸҪŮȥǰߵӢȻ¾ǰ⻹ʮš
ɷأԼʮһ·ľӪһ󣬾͵һСɽ£Ҷ˾ŸȻһϣ̧š
һ˽ɽʱһֺոڶϼɣѪȾء
˾Ÿű߶ȴӪӣ֣мһԲεĴ󣬶ԲδΧֲַԲ󣬴мС󣬴ӪмСӪÿȫۣжȣγһ壬жϺδǿδӶʵǰȥ
˾ŸĬĬؿãųһ̾󷨣󷨣һ㣬˻Ҿ;Ĺة֮ˣ˵ȷǸ˲ţϧߴ·
ӢȻѧ˲ٵı飬󷨵ֻţ󷨱ƺûмԻȴԱߵʵ˾үү⵽ʲô󷨰Һûѧ
ʵ˾ŸߣȻѧϰĳɳ˾ŸҲ֪⣬ʣвϸشģ±󷨵ӦƳ󷨣ǽİͼŨɣ󷨱Բⷽ˻ֽ󷨼Ա仯ȫгԲΣа仯һ󱻻ȫԶӦǳݣԶ֮ͨϣǲ֪ߣóȻ屶ϵıҲδܹơ
˵⻰˾ٵٶûУԷжٱ
˾ٵ˻ܱΪʮ򣬰ǰߵһʮ򣬲һ˶ʮˣĺͺڻʮ򡣡
˾Ÿ˵ͷȻȥ˿˾ٵز֣ȴңľһſָԤľӪ
һ˾ŸҲ¶֮ɫţٶһֳͷββͷмβӦϮӦȫס˵ǰĵ·ܹ赲ңУǺܺõķ֮
˾ٵõ׵Ŀ佱ʱһЦŮҲʮӣʮʮɷڣֹɷ壬ŮҲ̫˾ҶЩҷ֮ÿһʱҪȥɷɧţʿ˲٣ûҵʵķӹƴ󡣡
˾ŸʮӣҲʮǹ˻ҵٹҲǰķֻҪƳ궯֣ۼһɹҪңʿǵʵԱԣǲûռ̫ƣҪ֪ɷأǹ󷨣滹ǵļǳأ֮սΪң˫ʵ൱һͨҲҪһϵشۣԴ򲻿ΪҾȶԷǿʢ͵ġ
⻰Ȼ˵ԱʮˣЩԣϽһҾԪ˧֮ԣҵȽġ
ʱֵ˾үүӦöһʲôԸ
˾ŸʱƺѾг΢Цҽʮ֮ڲһ˴󡣡
ʵ󣿾мһȻ˷졢ء硢ơ߸еô
˾Ÿ˵ͷ󷨡
Զ󷨵˶᲼ãʵͨúܰ
˾ŸһЦ£֪ñ֮һġ󷨲ԽԽã򵥵󷨸ǺãԼƷǴ֮˻仯ࡣȥƣ仯Ȼ١Ҳ㣬þͺǰʱ򲽷̫죬ֻлƽһıȥҾıȶԷǿһӾȫѹϣԷȻٶر仯һʱ֮Ҳʩչˣ¡㵱״ޣ׾ĵ󷨣书ʽҲһ㣬ѧ֮󣬾ܾУܿ˵ʤ
Ӣˣжʱһñ֮һġ仰Ҳ˵˾Ÿʱĵ㲦éٿѪӵɷзӣȴһֵܹסԼޱȵءʽิӵ£ʵúܼ򵥵ķܽ⿪ӦһǳֵĥߣԼȷǳ
ȻҲе˼˵ͷǣ˾үүҼסˡ
˾ŸƳһ˼Ӣܣ΢΢һЦסͺãȥɣ쿪ʼʮ֮׼ʱɷ
ʶʱð˾үүܲȥȷӪʽҶʮѧҲóˡ
ôһ˵˾Ÿ˾໥һۣ˾æʶɷ˷ǳͣ㵽ȷӪȥʵ̫ΣգǸ˾үүѧϰָӲźãҪ֪˧֮𣬸вͬ㸸ҲΪ˳ᢵ˧ţȥʶ֪¸ңңδǳҪ㸸ʶҲܸߣκεʧ
Ҳ֪ԼлɱУɫҲһĬĬĵ˵ͷӢܼҲ̾Ϣһ˵ݲһľҲעһġ
һɽ˾ŸûлɷأǵǰߵĴӪټеĽ첼ս޹ΣһСʱ֮󣬴ѾվϰԱս˾Ÿ˧֮λϣ˾һǱԪ˧һǼһһҵԱߣӢܵȻһֱ˾Ÿ
ʱ׵Ľ˫˫Ҵҵ˽һʮ£뷢̺ڣȻһ˪˫ϬӢϡһȴʮ⣬뼰أѾһ룬ɫԵ㲣ʲôر֮
ˣ˾æվĽҲ׷Ҿ
Ӣ˵ңʱԱ󽫣ֱ󽫾Ƶ´󽫾κҵʤ󽫾硢Ҵ󽫾ʵƵմȾѪȣκҵʣֻ߹˾ɷһȻϰʵˡ
Ȼ˾ŸԸһʿſΣ˾࣬ȻԽЩˣ
ʱȴǺ뽫һ֣ة࣬ĩһˣղһںġʲôʱԴʥȥ
ǰ׷Ҳһֵǰة࣬ɷ˶ǲǣξٷŹˡ
˾Ÿ΢΢һЦλ£ȰѺͺǹ˵ҵƹ˻ҵЩʲôֶΣ
ȵʵ£˾ŸһͿʼŲӣӢںվţ˾Ÿǲˮһ㣬ҲǺľ壬ڰĥñ֮
Сʱһ··еľѾϣʱȴǷΪ֡һ·ʮӲ󣬵ڶ·ʮһƣֱʮغͺǣʮݾʱ̣ɳǰԮһÿһ̣ܱʢľе˵ݴ֮ƣҲЧ°빦
ϣڽɢȥ˾Ÿо齶ߣӢܾһ齣ʱѡ
һʮգǰߵľӶæµ֮У󣬶Ϊɷ˳þӻʱȻ͵Ϯ˾Ÿֽ׼ڹͺǵĶ·ʮ˲ǰ档ȻɷľȴǺֻվСɽϣʱɼʿȥҲڽĵ֮С
ת֮䣬ʮ˾ŸҲѾϣڵʮһյسʱʽɷӷܹ
һ죬˾ŸָӲСɽ֮ϣ˴֮⣬ʮָ̣ӵ¡
˾ٸĵȣмָӣ˾ŸߵһЩҲߵأһЩױ֮⣬ֻӢˡ
ߵСɽ֮߾ӵһ龰֮۵ףӢʶûִսľ飬˫ľӴŸɫף벼ţսƶţ飬ƺޱ޼ʣ浱ξΪ׳ۣ˶鲻ԽȭͷԵǽ˷ܡ
˾Ÿ̧ſɽߣձѵʱ㽫һӣԱߵױ͵õѵ̾һɫش졣
һ𣬾Ȼĺȴ
һ죬ȴһ¶ʮʮھʿͿʼغ󳷣ͬʱǰ졢ء硢ʼǰƶ˾ڵоʮǳ룬һ˿Ļҡ
ȵʮ򾯽ȫ룬ȴңǰȴƳǧǰͷսԼףż⣬ΪӢġɷǧɷʱվʿÿʮ֮䣬ڼߵȫӪʿʿȴ˶ԲؼʣӦǸʱװ
ÿս֮£ȴʮǿ׳ʿƶţǰʿŴܻסŵ˼䡣
սУңʿѾһɷľӪƽˣǧףȻףֻʣ¶׵ľ롣
ʱȴɷľӪҲһĺŽ֮ҲƳټܸԼ߰ףƵľȻš¸¡죬Щľʱȴ׳һ޴ʯͷԶԶӽңĶ֮Уÿһʯͷ£ʿҵýǾۣѪģʱвҽ֮Ƭ֮䣬гɰǧʿȴûңȻǰƽšȻмɷУȴ޹ؽҪ
ʼ״ɫȴǴ䣬˾үүǵ˵ͶʯȥɷӪأЩݵʿ
һ䣬Ӣ̵ƺܺãǧҪšԷҲóȻٳֻҪһʿҲûӵ£һǾӪӴˡ
˾ŸӢһۣ΢΢ͷȴû˵ָһơ
ƣһʿ˺ҡ
һҡɽµһ䣬ǧɷɢʿǵƶչ˳žʿŻѵȼ˾޴ؼ֦ʱ𣬷ġಡ֮һ֧֧޴ػֱЩͶʯľȥûһ󣬾аͶʯУЩļͷͰľ֮ϣȼܴ𣬳ͣðŨ̡
ʱѾֻаˣȴɷĶ˳ǧڵأž󳵵ʿ䡣˿ңЩɷһ߿£ס󳵣ҲʼӪȥʱ˫̶̿ԶԱȶɷʿļ˲ٻûȥž󳵵ʿңûеԷǰ߶ˡ
ȵɷһſɷʿҪôڳǰ޴ͷϣҪôǰʿĴУɽ¡ʱңѾﵽ̷Χڣɷʿ׷мжƱס
ۿ˫ʮףʱɷӪﴫһ󼱴ٵĺŽ֮ǳƵʿٵȥȴ¶һˮ֮䣬ͼһɫļлŻΣšɷʿͬȥһӣҽһƬɷϳµʿͷҹ֮Ķ
һ£˾ŸɫҲ΢䣬һ֡һ죬սʱȫͣҲֹͣǰɷˮ̲ԶҲ޷˵ңʿ
˾Ÿһɫ죬ȴһƶ¶ʮ·¶ĵ·֮бʮɾ޴ĺǰӿףɽ±һŻ
ֻƬ̹ǰѾǰȴȫЩ֣׷׿ˮԱߵɷʿȥҪ֪ЩȫңĵһѵȻϣȻ׼ûյġЩˮԱߵɷʿʱɱ˸ɾЩҲ˵֮С
ɷҲ׼ңǸһĵһöܵסļһ굽£ȥ㣬ֻȺ˻׷͵ڵأң£ûվȣɷĳǹȥݴ̣ͷһʱ侹ʮ֮˾š
˾Ÿһĳ㣬Ȼ˫һӣɽ϶ʱ˺죬һǧսͬʱղŻפ㲻ǰĲ̿ʼźٵıһ𣬳˵֮Уʱ֮սһһ೤սϣѾǵѪӰ޴ɱ֮ս֮Ҫûˡ
ӢһֱĬĬĹۿ˫ı仯ûĽսӴѸɥҲǰԾģ֪콫һѪȵӲҪңľȻԷҪȡʤôס
ȻңʿԽԽӿӪɷǰԲѾ޷ֿԲȴڿٵƶңʿȥȻٶȵм俿£һƵҪңس룬ȻоԲǰƽͬһڴ㣬ҪȽӪңʿ
˾ŸʱҲ૵󷨣󷨣ÿı仯ı仯
Ӣ˾Ÿһ˵ĸá֣֪˻Ҳµ󷨵ȷǷǳüʶ˾ŸҲе˾졣


 321 ս2
ҪԼľӰΧס˾ŸȻһ֣ɽһɫ죬ңҲһ䣬һƽǱһ׶״һɿǰͻɷʿûȫγɰΧ֮ǰ˴ڣɱøңʿ룬Ȼ󽥽Խ˺ԽȴнɷʿΧ֮״
սӳʱһֱ磬ۿ̫ѾٹСʱҪˣ˫Ȼѽѷ֣ɷ÷󷨵мԲδвӦΣ̾оӺܿĲϣңгһȫ߽ƵĻᣬʱɷʮ򣬶ңľԷľӪõдõݾ֮࣬ȴҪһЩ
Ӣ֪ѷʮ˲μӴսǶԷһ˫ʿսҲ·𣬾˻ҲµҲᱻɾۿͺˣңʿϤԷĵΣȴҪԴҪʤĴֻҲǲС벻һս˻ҾҪƴƵģޱʵĴ㡣ҪܵҪԼң
˾ŸȻ᲻֪Ҫҹ֮ǰץסսϵȨ͵Ľһӣɽһɫ죬ȴ˾ٵоźţĳ˾ٵľһǰߵľӾ޺󱸾ˡ
˾ٵоõɽϵźţ÷Ĵˮıȥ
Ӣ˾Ÿ΢΢ͷָӡҲףԷ÷ȫмĴӣֻҪһƣС޷ٵõԮҲͲƣ˾һҪз࣬ԷһգѾǼۣ˾ٵоһֱδʱʿȻ˾ݻ͡ѾǴռϷ硣
Ȼû뵽ǣ˾ٵоյӪԷĺŽ֮һ볯ͺǵطȥңؾȻɱʱȻһԼһԼʮ׵ĻǽɿĴܵػ׸ߣԶԶȥһĻһ㣬ǶԷһȻڹע˻ͣʱһͽȼͱһ֧ͽ
еңʿʱͣǴϨ˾ŸĬĬĿǵǽƺ̾һܿͻָ侲𡣡
һױȥȼʮǷ࣬̾ʮɫŨŨƬ̼СɽϿγһƬĺƣʮҲܹƼ
Ӣʶ֪˾Ÿز𣬼ȼ̣֪ǵǲڶ·ʮ򹥳ǾǰȥΧͺˡ
ʱֻ˾Ÿ£ʮһʱ֮ͻϵ˵أʱܽͺΧס֮ǳõƣǵȵٹ
ȴ΢΢˼һ˾үүҹӸղŵƿԷ˷ǳ׼ҺͺڱʮɷӣĲҾ֪ҹǰȥӲֻӴǸγı⡣
˾Ÿĵ˵ͷ£˵ò˻һ㸸ʹȥ˽ĻҪƻҪñھҪӽʿǰװȥ
˾Ÿ֮ʱӢ뵽˴𰸣Ƕ»ǽȻ˵̩ɽԻʳϵ龰ԺвĸһŮò崿ĹҲǰߣЩɵġ滢ӪǴս˾ŸǰģҲ֪İΣΣǧҪ²źá
ڵ֮ʱȴ洫һҴҵĽŲתͷȥȴһʿҴҶȴһֽ
ʿߵ˾ŸǰֽݸԪ˧罫Ӫõģü
˾Ÿ˵ͷ֪ˣȥա
ȵʿȥ˾ŸʹֽӢܾߣƵȴ滭ȴǺͺΧĵμ滹һЩ˵֪Ȼɷİ̽Ūġ
˾ŸϸĿǺͺǵĲͼԽɫԽأӢܼ״֪ⳡ֮սֻ±ĻҪѡ
ҲʶԾ̲סʵ˾үүôˣͺǺѴô
ȴ˾Ÿ˵ͷ벻˻һǰѪ̵زںͺڣӷֱںͺĽɽһ֧ԻΪǣӦЧǣҾ
ԣɫȴһϲ˻ðοɲˣͺǱֻʮӣκ󳷵Ļʮ򣬼ҲʮӡһҪֱɽǵıԶԶѵ
˾Ÿҡͷ£֪ͺȻֻжʮɷӡдš˻ѾģҪңľԶ޷ԽͺǣзʮʮӡʮʮŮӣسǣʿ;ʳΥ͵߽ȫңͺǵĺѾȫɱˣɷҲʮʮȫɵʮӣǽɽɽվѹ˻˴Ĺ¡׼һϵʳһöӰҾ֮УҪ빥ͺǣҪ֮εɡ
˵ȴֵ£Ҳ̫ģɷ干ʮӣںͺһ߾ͲʮʮʥǣʮɢɷظֻҪͺһƣҾͿԳֱ룬ʥ£ʥֻʣһ³ǣȻָտ£˻ĵŻٺͺǣһȻӲֻ̣Ҫʤһ̾ͺðˡ
˾ŸĻҲ侲˾үүҾͲǻᶷ˻ҡ
˾ŸԣüҲ¶˰Ȼ֮ɫ΢Ц·ģ˾Ÿ޷ȡʤҲ϶ҵĺˡ
˵֮䣬Ѿױʼ̧Լɽоʶȥ
صоʣһʱ˾پʹŸ׷㱨ңʿһսˣ˰ˣɷʿȴ˱Աˡ
ȵڽȥ˾Ÿ˾١ʡӢˣǶ˾ٵٶ֮սô
˾ٵսԣҾѲɷ֮£һȷϲЩ˼Ҳûа׷ѡ
˾Ÿ˵ͷȥʱɷ˽սԷûʲô󷨣ɷʿȴһľŤתˣҾǶ־ǵѾ£ɷʿ޹ȥ̬֮ˣٶӦûǵãʱÿһսǶ׽ķ²е˵ķ²ǾȻҲ뷨ɱ
˾ٵǰЩɷʿսȻҲͣ뷨Ѿ͹ȥһˣֻҪ׽סͻֹͣɱˡ
˾Ÿ˵ϵɷѾһã˻Ҳйȥɱʵ˼ˡ
˾ȴһ̾˻ֻܹߥǣ˵Щƭ˵ĹʵҪǵȼЩɷ˵̰֮ģɿңУֻҪʲôԼŮˣǴģʲôʥʲô֮𣬶ԼƭԼԼҰоһڵģԵŮһҪɷһκݺݵشԶͷ
˾Ÿ˵ͷٶ˵ò֮ǰҲô˵ģɷʿսȻҪ˼ƽȴҪǵľеֶΣκεʴȡ
˵⻰ȴӢͷʵ¶˲֮ɫ£ף֮һһڣһҺ˲һȻҪ֮ģûɱΪ˵Ը񱾾ƶ֮䣬бԵ̰ô̻ǲɾġ˱ȻҪη壬֪ԼΪ̰ȥΣˣôʲôҲòҪĴۣͻñ˲̰֮ģʱĲпᣬһֳԽ̻⣬ұȽ̻ЧʴȣֻҪΰ֮عϵƫƣҪΪߺúõĥˡ
Ҳβ֪˾ŸڽԼæͷ˾үүҼסˡ
ӢԱߣҲ˾ŸĻʵĻ;һԵ̰˽ʵ̫࣬˾ŸλصȻҪǰһιΪ߾ѪΪо֮磬̫ʴȴԼƽʱ֮ʱҲӦһЩŶԣʵڲⳡս̫֮λʣ֮λʶң٣й˻һҰļƣڱŪı𵶱ңֽգѪ֮УΣԼѾȢգѾܲɷ֣Ϻľ˽ãĵϣܹ丸һһӢĺûʵۣܹӦе
ʱ˾Ÿ˾ֿʼԱӢȻѧϰѧϰ֪ѪӾںͺڣְڣ⣬ͳ˴Ѳ¾Ĳһױȥ滢Ӫ̽һŮҪμпѪȵսʵǵġ
˺һױ棬˵ǶѾʦ֮ںûвμӴս
ϢӢģܿ뵽ҪŷǣȻսϣԼĴͽ̩ɽһսһֱûжɱˣȻǲϲѪȵˣΥʦ֮ǰֻ¶Լ
˼˴ӢҲǸп֣֮ͳһȴǵնͣǮȻѾùˣӦ򣬲ûӵ
Ӫܵ𣬵һϸңȻҵ²С֣ȥȴǡоԸء֡
˸֣ӢʱһʱԹѧѾٲİҶּǳ׶رǾ䡰оŨһƬᣬо˼ǾˣԼҲԶ䣬ҲԶĵԼԼ
ʱ뵽ҲǶУԼ̩ɽĵһһҹϳģ͵Լ¶һûߣŮѧʦ书ȴʦĳҲһѧϰˣƺй֮޲
Ӣܾһ³ӣңŶԼĳ⣬ҲǸ̾ǧģ桢աᡢҶٻѩáЩŮһ׸Ժ֮УԼЩⲻ⣬ԼֺΪ
˿ȻȻھۻ龰ĺгôҸҲٳһΣΣ˶Դﵽģ̫·ҪԼȥˡ
Щ뷨ûеӢ̫ʱ䣬ܿʹгôһж޵ģõǰ£ԼеְʵγʲһȥɷɱѪսʲô˾ְⳡսûгһӹһȻźȴúڡ


 322¡սɽ1
ʣȴ˾Ѿ뿪ˣ˾Ÿȴû˯һŽõ鱨һָϵĵͼϸϸۿһֱߵױȴһԵĴ˯ˣ˾ŸԸġ
뷢˪Ŀݣƣʱǵͼƺڿ˼ʲôԵò֮ӢжʱȻֻ뵽ˡϹᣬӡһ䣬˼˾һŮȴʾعѾ꣬ղͣ˾ġ¡֮ңǰûд
оӢͶڵµӰ˾Ÿ̧ͷ΢΢˵ͷȥǵͼˡ
Ӣǰ˼˾Ÿ촽ѾǳƺȻ޾̾һһ߻Щȣһյĵһݵϡ
˾ŸӹǲյŸоڿˣ๾ࡱͺһܿͼ˵ףӢָܱһ
˾Ÿ꣬ӢܵҪҡҡͷԽˣѾˡ
Ӣλˣ̲ס˾Ԫ˧֮ףǧҪ尡
˾ŸҲƣˣϣͣĴԼ˫ۣȻԽ㲻õģϷһȻȥ˻ϡЩϰѾָЩ㰾ҹӻŵס
Ӣ֪ȻͨǿЩϾϣɵ˾Ԫ˧һΪΪôͣҪʵڡ
Ӣ˵꣬˾ŸȻЦԽӦ˵һ仰־ǧϷѾѮǱúáҲٶʮ꣬ôƽƽĻţϷѾˣγҪ·ġϷǿϷ˧ɷܵشټϻϼ̻ͬŰ֮ھٷңضϷһһˣҲҪ֮У֮ģΪģսʬõ
ӢĻæԪ˧ǹ˻Ȼһ׼ǻӲһأҲµòһ׼·ʣ·˧ӦþǻԼˡ
˾Ÿԣա΢΢ͷԽȻֲûϻϷճ㣬ʱҲǰй۲죬ȷʶǼҪԸҲúܲǸѵõӢţնͬʱ㣬Ҳǡ
˵ֵڹ˻ϷϾ͹˺ͺǣɷڱȻյأǰŵϸҲδܹȫټϹ˻ó֮ң֮ϣıδܹʤùɷͺһխ̫ľӣҾȴʮ򾭹ǿѵľǰսʤϾͻ·ǰʫ˻κδϢĻᡣ
Ӣܾ֮սɷʿ˻˳ʶҲ˵Ѿ׼˾ԵƱսȻµ·ʱһ̾Ԫ˧㲻ǰǲǣ
˾ŸȻ֪˻Ҳƽ֮ȴܹʤԼʮģǶԷ׼־նأԼһϣ֮ǣӶԱӦ൱ԸһʮͷĹ˻ңҲίʵ̫ҲסǱƲѣȻϣԴ·ǰӱƣ׾٣δ֮Ҳʧ߶ߣδ֮Ҳսսپ͹Ǽٸ·ܹȻò
ӢܼɫѾҪ¶⣬˵ȻһҾֵԪ˧ϽĹΣи֣ĩұְ֮ж࣬Ԫ˧ЪϢһţܸõָӾߡԪ˧ҪǻЪϢĩֻǿ족˾ŸʱЦ٣δĸĸϷˣúãϷЪϢһ󣬲㸺ְ˰ա
ӢԣæȥһŴţΪǺñӡ
˾ŸڴϣһָشԽһ죬ҲϢˣѪӶڹ˻ҷǳҪô˳ðдҵġ
ӢҲ֪Ѫ֣ҪӽоӪҲ죬ûʲôԼȻᣬȷҪһϢֳܱ˵ͷߵϢ
ȫĴСѾɶͨҪǽԽԽѧǡ嶾šصڹȻֻѭ⵫˵ȴʺϵġ˯ȴа࣬ȻˬҪǲȫ˯״̬һ˵ڹж߶ി޷֧ŵء
ûϢãɫѾӢнŲ۶ȴһ˽Ǵټ˾Ÿƺ˯ЩĽѡͣס˽Ų
ʱ˾ŸȴѾˣӴǲǺ󱸾Ѿˡ
ǴٸϽ˵ͷɷʮ󱸾ѾϵԪ˧ڵͺǽ
˾Ÿ̵ȥ߸˧ɳʮΧڽɽ£ʮںͺӪʱҪȴ򽣷ɽͺеоԮþ۶֮
ٴӦһʹҴææ˳ȥ
ʱױҲˣæ˾Ÿ𴲣ȥͷࡣ
˾ŸӢܴҴͣͳоʣ֧ɷ彻ֵľѾǰ˺˾ŸѾʱȴʱӪʿЪϢӪʶǾĵġ
˾ŸҪȥв廳ʣȴѾ룬պø˹
ӢȥƽʶӰôź󱸾С
˾ŸĳݣӢʾ͸ԼžӪȥ
һѾ˾Ӫȴص˵һϣһǰͷ󲻼β־ңʿںƺƵǰУ˾Ÿʱиӽʺ
ûãǧ¾Ѿ׼ãӢܾøƽʶǧʿǰңǰĴԼ˾Ÿ
Ľ˶ʮͼ˾ٴһӴ׳ŮױȴЩ
˾Ÿûз²ƵŮٶ£ؾѾô
˾ٵŮѾúˣֻҪϳߡ
˾Ÿһ㶵ߣΪΣ
˾һȻģŮ֪ˡ
˾Ÿˣ˾֮ӵԾĿ϶ǰȥӢǰһʲô״ں
ǰʮ·Žשһĺ죬һвҽ֮
תһɽ𣬾ͼǰƽԭɽмһߣ״أһָ˿Уǽɽˡ
⽣ɽȴնͣξףɽؾľӪɽ֮ϣȴʱоʯԶԶ£ɽߣ̾һңԹͨͺǵشңʿʱǾʯµķڴҴҵĶţⷽԲѾȫңľӣʵ̫࣬㣬ʱбǾʯеģ̱ҳһѪģ״Ҳ̶ãһһЩսر˲١
Ӣܼ״һݣæȥɽĵײԵıΪˣʮ׵ɽֶֻеľپȫˣûκοɹ֮ʱǧʿڼɽϴŽ֮̾ɷʿ¶ͷź֮ʯʯңʿʱɨҶشϵƬ֮䣬ˡ
˾ŸٶΧͺǵؾӹȥ˶٣
˾ٵ罫պ˹ȥˡ
˾Ÿӣ󳷣ͣǰԱߵ˾үүɽõͶʯǰУһܴ󰡡
˾Ÿһĵܱ衣Ǵʱͺǵľ̫٣жϲûסţ˻ұȻͻ˴ӳɱǰľԽʱΣ֮Ĺơ
˵⻰е˶һѡ˾ٸϽһ٣ȫǰУκεĵ飬Υն
Ǵٵֽˣһ漱ۣһƣ˧ȫǰУκεĵ顣Υն
⴫ٵӽеٶȹȻӿˣǽɽȻϵʯͷ׹һЩʿѾ޷ֹӵǰ
ЩʯҵʿһĲҽԼȴΪعͷٿӢȻܣȴŽɽ˼Ÿν
˾Ÿֽһٵȥɽµľӣֹͣͺǽ
ǴټæȥûãԭɽΧˮйͨңӣʼϲźͺǶȥ
˾Ÿ˾ٵٶȴʮӵͺȥǧҪҽɽöӰˣ㡣
˾ٴӦһһʿ֮ǰȥ˾Ÿ˴ʮݲǰС
Ӣܼ˾Ÿԭ׼ɽؾӸΪȥΧͺǣñ֮һ£Ԫ˧֪֪⽣ɽжˣ
˾Ÿ߻ϵİ̽ɽɷʿ׼ϵʳûȥ޷֪
ӢǽɽȴʱѾ٣һڹ֮Уȷ޷֪ʵ⽣ɽȷ뾡γǽɽĵ·ˣȴɧǺݣɲǡ
ʵ罫滢ӪЩúɽ
˾Ÿ˸Ҳ˼֮Уҡҡͷ滢ӪҾһ֧ҺͺǣʧɽʮʣˬṦٺãҲԾȥ
˵⻰ȴͷӢܵԽǸô죿
ӢܳĩΪɽ˻Ѿ׼˺ܳʱ䣬ʳǼʯǲȱģǿӻֵùʮӣԴɽֻȡֻҪúõһ룬ʱڸɽӪ
˾Ÿ¶֮ɫͷԽ˵úܶԣ˼졣
˵žֽ˴ȥĸ
Ըϣ˾ŸӢһۣȴһ̾ϹȻûۣӢܵȷǸţʶȻͱꡣҪĥǡ
ǽɽһ˾Ÿȴ΢Цʼˣһϲæ˾үүѵа취ˡ
˾Ÿ΢΢˵ͷ£ٿƣɽѹȴһȱ㡣Ǻް취ǻýҲܰöӡ
ԣ򽣷ɽȥɽȥΨƣҪôǶˮԴ˻׼Ȼ˴ˮںʱ꣬Ȼвͨû𹥡
˵ʱʡִЦû𹥣⽣ɽɽֱ̫һ˳ɽѬȥ˻ҶȻҲ뵽һŻ˽ɽµľӲȫ˸ɾȻܰΣҲʿǽľȫڽɽ¡ȻͣȼôЩŨһ𣬵ѬҲҪѬΣʱɽͲˡ
˾ŸҲһͷ£˵ðֶҾ⣬Ųһ죬⽣ɽͲΪˡ
˵⻰ʹ죬һ˴򲽱ľһ˴ǧȥȡͩ͡
ϣʮеĶʮѾٺͺ£ʮӾڽɽظѰ˵طɽΧס
˾Ÿͽһɽ֮ϣҹ֮ʱľȡ͵ĽѾȺ׼ͣ
˾ŸӢ߳Ӫ⣬ʿѾǧСľ˵˽ɽΧ֮⣬ǧҲÿֳһͩ͵Ƥжվһߡ
˾Ÿһ׼ͣһ£ʿ̽ҹɫͬʱǧľ˽ɽɽ׵ܣʮ׸ߣʱɽϵɷؾѾɽ˻ʱǼľʯ£ҹ֮УУңʿˣء
ľѾ׼ã˾Ÿһ£ǧǰɳ۶ȥеƤ׵ףƬ̼ͽЩľʪԭҰŴ̱ǵͩζʱ֪˭ػֻá䡱һһ޴ĻȦѾΧŽɽȼľͶѻʮ׸ߣټϱ֮ͩߴʮ϶ʱɽϵһЩľҲȼ֮˿ۣѾɽϴһҽ֮Ѿɷʿⳡյ
ۼ֮ЧӢʶЦ˾ŸҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
Ȼûã֮УɽϲͣһԽԽ࣬Ľǻѹס
ʼ״ɫȴһ䣬ʧ˾үүʲô
˾Ÿһ૵ʯۣʯۣ˻Ұ˻ңȻŲߣ֪ұȻл֮ơ
żĵҲУ⽣ɽô°
˾Ÿȴû˵


 323 սɽ2
ʱɽµĻȫϨˣžɽϴɷʿĻ˾϶ıǭ¿Ϊ
ɫȴƺԶԶĴɽϴ˹
ˣʱһգҧÿĹ˾үүǵ˵ļʿȥɲϵ
˾Ÿʱȴ¶΢Ц£׵˵Ĺƾͺã˾ܲȻŮѣϷѮûʲô⽣ɽϵɷʿᱻɾǸɺҲûʲôϵġ
ʱӢһֱŽɽĬȻȴ˸һ֮ɫһԽĪʲôƵ֮
Ӣԣ΢΢һЦ˵ͷ취УҪѼʱ䣬ܹһһ䣬ͽʿڽɽϡ
ˣ̲ס÷򣬲һһ䣬ɷʿ⡭ƺܡ
˾Ÿ֪ӢԳȣûоԵİգǲ˵⻰ģһϲµԽ콫ļı˵
Ӣܵ⽣ɽȻֻû𹥡
ʵ𹥣ղŲѾô˻ҽƻýģ㿴ɽϣѾûʲôľˡЩӪҲڰɽϣôյȥ
Ӣܵ˻ҵȷƻ⽣ɽҲȷǺеҪ֮£бףҲѵĻ𹥳ɽϼȻûʲôľѵǲľô
⻰һ˵ꡣ˾ŸǽɽΧĵΣʱҲƽƣȻƣɽģƶǵȷС
ҲǴһ˵΢һ˼ʱҲʡͶʯͶʯܵɽϣЩľ׵ɽȥ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷҪһͶʯĸܸҪӳȻٶҪһЩ׵Զ׵øߣڶҪľΡŷͶһҪۼͶʯһͶģֱľͩͣŻͶȥõ޷ֽЩľֻҪܹȼǰɽϵЩӪŨ̾ͻᵽɽֻҪյһʱϣɽ֮оͻϢ壬Ҫѡһûзҹж罫Ũ̴ɢ޷µҪɽ֮лһ֣ҾջⲻҪȥǿ̫С
˵ľЩʲô©֮Ԫ˧ָ㡣
˾Ÿһţһ˸Ҳ˼µĿԡ
ȵӢܽԼ뷨ȫ꣬˫΢΢ͷԽ㿼ǵѾǳȫˣ˼ɣȻᵢһЩʱ䣬ܹӵǻϵı⣬ٶǰͺǵɷǲðճǵģ໨һЩʱ䣬Ҳ޷
ʱҲӢܵ÷
˵˴ԣһ̾մһƣɷʿȷǷʤ·ӣ֮Ϊ̣߹ȻټױҲ˴˼֮Ҳǲ̣ٽ˵Լٱۣ벻ҲҪˡ
Ӣ̵£ҵôҪƽҪľģҪ֪֮ʴȣĻ붼Ǻ˶׫أҲ벻ʱٽĲ֮˿أڵһڵϣĻҲˣϵʴȣɷ˲ǲ֪Щ˲սǹ˻ߥޣһԼҲ̰ңĲƸŮˣɷҰ֪һζʴȣǷûۣѵˣ˵ɷʿԲĻ𣿡
û˵ʲôֻǳ̾һϣⳡս֮ң޷̫ƽǲ֮Ը
Ӣ΢΢һЦǾҪպιֶˡ
Ȼָʲôҡҡͷһֱûн̫֮λңʵףΪһ߱ι֮ܣʵǻһЩ
Ӣ˵⻰ȻԵúûļ£Ϊ֮Ѿ˴룬ֻǻһЩʱգδػڸ֮£Լû֮ģ˭ǿء
֪ڹԼҲмһЦ
˾ŸӢһϯXXһۣȴû˵ֻǵ¡λսɽ֣֪Σ
˾ŸĥԼҧҧҲֳ˳֮ɫһͷã˾үүҾһԣòԵĵطָ
Ӣܼչֳ˵ʲõ۷硣ҲǴϲҪȥʴս֮һкܴġ
˾ŸҲ¶ο֮ɫȥиԼо£һСʱʮԱս͵оʣ˾ŸȻ˧ӡʵϣԼԱߡ֡
û뵽ǣʽӹ˧ӡ֮ɱǲȻǾƬ֮䣬ͽ鰲ˮڽ׷ȥ˾ŸԱߵ΢ЦһԣȫȻƾȥš
˵ڶ죬ڽ֮˾ְֲͶʯװģ·ľġȥȡͩ͵أæµһšɽɽ֮Ȼڲͣɽʯʿһ֮Զûκεʱ˾Ҳǰ˾ŸѾںͺⲼϣʿȻûгս
ڵϣе׼ѾɣңʿڽɽΧɽѾܺټͶʯľҲһһεģǰͽ֮ͩС
Щһֱŷ磬̻𹥣ȻӰŨ̵Чʱʿһ죬˵ھ磬Ҷҡ첻ڵ޷֮ʱǽʱˡ
˾ŸӢܡһ뵽ɽ֮ϣȴ޹֡
սȻָӣʱǰЩĲ֮ɫˣһӣֻһɫҡź޹־ôؾ졣
ͼɽԵɽŨ𣬸ž¸¡һе֮죬Ȼоͬʱö򣬺Хǽɽȥǽɽ϶ʱ𣬴ɷʿ˲Һ֮
һңʿ׼ǳ㣬Ͷʯͣ򽣷ɽͶŻɽ侹ƴš
ɽ嶼мĽɽԶұͰһЩӢЩͶɽ֮£ûеɽЩӪҲһѺʮö˾Ӫ֮УЩݶʱȼɷʿ׷ǰȻ𣬵ɽˮԴࡣΧ֦ȴ£ټ½½лȥǻѾԽԽɽµɷʿȥ·ϣĴŨŨ̻𣬵Ǳ޿ɱܣ˲٣ģȴǱѬҽ޷
ɽϵһЩʿƲԣϽɽȥڴʱûʲô磬ɽµŨ̲ı䷽ֻ˳ɽȥʱɽһźȫĺ֮С
ͶһСʱңʱɽİɽѾһƬ𺣣ʵ񻹻ܹĻɽ֮ʼһЩľԽԽ徲ˣκεĶ
ӢĬĬĿо˵ûвȥɱˣҲʮˣǰϾ̼ʧĻ𹥣ִս˵ӦþͽжսȷǷǳ̵ġǣ⣬Ҫն׼˶ĽɽңʿҪϡսزпᣬʱ޷ȥѡʲôеķҲֻȥĮ޷ܵġ
̾һбȥƳʣȴҧƺҲŬĿԼȫȻͻĳ棬Աߵ˾ŸǼѪȵĳ棬ϲûʲô顣
ȼһСʱϨˣɽϵĺ̲ɢȥɽϵ龰Ѿɼ
һ£һյĽݵʿݡȻڸžɽڣһ·ûʲôֵûþѾɽ
ɽ֮ϵţֹСʱңͼһʿ
̵ɽϵɷʿΣ
ʿص£ѾˣĿǰڽɽҵ˶ǧٶʮʬ壬ǧİһʮ˶ڸɽ֮С
˾ŸʣµɷʿûУ
ʿûУҲѬһϢˣŽԪ˧ʾ¡Щɷʿδã
ʲ˼صʿˣ˵أ̰ȫұơ
ȵʿȥ˾Ÿ˾үүҿɷʿҲøϾɱӦúúõĶԴǣ֪ͥʵ¡
˾Ÿ΢Цŵ˵ͷ£ĴúܺãһսǵĿѾﵽڷ²ȻҪúõľΣϣɷհ
˵⻰Ӣܹܵһһȡ⽣ɽ˵һ漣ֻ¾˻Ҳ벻һ̣ԽӹΰͱӦصļһʡ
ӢЦ⵹ûʲôҲǸ⽣ɽΧĵ뵽ģŴԪ˧³Ҳ˼Ƶء
˾ŸȻԽ˵ģñ֮һġûд̣ܹսĵڶʱƶõĹƻӦһ츳츳˾߱νţˡ
ʱҲЦļͷ÷򣬴̨ʼҾ;ǸֲնҪ޸㣬۹ǲʼʱһȰҪǸϲ˸¼õү
Ӣ΢΢һЦȴܹڶʱ֮취ʲôν츳ǴСɱĶĹ۲ȥÿһжԵ׼ȷʶ©ͻжʧܣԼͬҲ֮Σʱ˵Ϊʲôĸ׻ɱ֣ģȷһҪӰ졣Խĸ׹ȥԹͽУʱѾиԸս֮󣬻ص磬ĸԼûа취´һԼϽüҶٻǺúТ˳ģǲһļͥľۻһ
ɽȹˣͺΧ޵оȻ˧ӡ˾Ÿ˾Ÿһ£Щûв뽣ɽһ۵ʿѾʼӪǰУͺǶȥ
ɽͺǲԶһСʱӢܴǧ¾Ѿ˾ŸˣԶԶľͼһΡĳǳأɷҪ̫࣬ǳȴߴʮϣʯĸɽ֮䣬ȫסǰĵ·ҳȿ󡣼׵ӣʱɼǧİμ֮ԣվһźɫ׵ɷŹų£չǹҲǽ䱸ɭϣҵɽ֮ϣҲɼɷıӪ졣ڳǳ֮£ţȴһԼ׵ĻǺӣѾ߸ߵ
ӢܲζУһָǳǳصͺǵʱʲûнڴ˴ǰƽԭ֮أǹ˻ҽߵĸɽ֮գ˴˳ǣǵľ޷Χסĺ·
ӢܼʱңľѾźͺǰԶĵطӪĿǧӪһƬչǹӳ׳ۣΪɽ֮裬ȴ޷֮ΧɵܲɾƵͺǵĺȥ
ʵѣھۻͺǵĵɳ̣Һͷιһ಻ĸɽȥҵһ·˺ͺ֮󣬵ǵеȴ޷˹ȥǾԲеģҪȥɽһֱӹǸѵöࡣ
Ӣɽ˼ܲû֮ܿͷˣɽǾʯвľұȽɽҪ׳ĵö࣬еͶ֮ûĸߵشܣҵеǶ֮Ѿȴ𲻵ʲôá
ּͺңӪص֮Զ뵽˾Ÿõ鱨˵˻Ҿ棬Ҳ񼣬ͺҲѹ򣬵ž޲֮˻Ǹƻˣһƻ˱ȻҲһˣΪνɷĹǰȻԼʿͺһƣʵ۴ҲǳΣգӵб֮ǣҲ֪鱨֮˵˭ܲȷĹ˻ҾĹ˻ңս֮ʱϣ˹ֶ˻˵ҲֶΣȼǿɷصľģԼֿƽ¡Լܹ˼һ˾Ÿ˾پû뵽ֻǲܳǲĹ˻ңһ̶ȻǼѴ
˾ٵоʾںͺǰ˾ŸȸյӪͼһװ˾ٴŶʮԱӭѮɾ˸ʤ󽫾͸ԱߣҴ󽫾ʵʱɷһʾûڴˡ


 324 ʧ
ױ̧˾Ÿ˳ݣ˾ҾִףԪ˧쿪ʤһһ͹˽ɽ
˵⻰Ƚ춼ףԪ˧쿪ʤ
˾Ÿ΢ЦŵͷӢһָһս֮ԽףУɽ֮ƾ׵ģԽǸţӦú׽׽ǡ
ȻӢһֱ˾ŸңڽҲ֪ǻ·ЩսΪң¹պսԪѫҲûзʱײ˵˾Ÿ˵ӢϽ֮ɫҲЦ΢΢˵ͷ
һ˽˾Ÿӭ֮У˾Ÿʣھ֮У˾ߣĽһƷϣҶӢֻƷְ֮˾Ÿ֮
˾ŸԪ˧ʱɷʲô
˾ٵҾ˳֮ɷڳǽ֣ûʲô춯
˾Ÿ˵ͷԸһױױҴҳӪʣܿͽȴһͼַֽ˾١ʼµĶʮ󽫡
ӢںƵףɰ̽ĺͺǾͼ˾ŸѾ˲٣ڽҪҶ
˾ڽϸۿšһĳӪһʱ֮ѻȸ
һ˾ŸŵڽǶԺͺǵĲʲô뷨
ȷǲͼȴһ̾˻⹷ԺͺǵĲȷ϶ɻرĸɽܹǿȥֻ潻ˡ
˾Ÿ˵ͷԴ󽫾˵úܶԣͺǹ˻ҿľӪĵһߣҪʲôıǲܵˡֻ˻ӲӲǿйǣѾô죬ʱжˣ˧տʼͺǷΣ
ôһ˵̾͵Ԫ˧գʿض־ǳʢͺǾͭǽڡҲܹơ
˾ŸȻ˾١
˾ԸϽǰֵԪ˧Ը
˾Ÿ֦εع֮ս˧·˾ٽͺͺ˧ͽ·ʮͬʱõ˴Խ޷ȲӦˡ
˾æǣĩ
һ˵ţһ߽ӹ˾Ÿе
˾Ÿ˾˧Դ󽫾ǶѾսıεĽ˧ҲԤҲ·˭ȹƳǳأ˾ڲҪǧעɽĵ͵Ϯ
˾ִӦˡ
˾Ÿ֪˵ñ죬Ҳٶ˵εµλ󽫣Щ˾ٵЩҾЩԼоƬ̣͵ϣ˰š
ԼڶյسʱͬʱԺͺǷ˾¸ȥˣеĻа˾󽫣˾ŸǷ˾˭ǰ˭ڶ˭ֵֽ棬ҪҹͣĶԺͺǵĽ
İţȻⳡսûؿʼӢѾоսĲпᣬ뵽˫ٽжʮڴ˵أҲǰ̾ս˵Ե÷ǳ΢һ˵֮䣬ϲûʲô
ս֮ǰһӢҲƽ˾Ÿҹߣ˼Ź֮Ӣ֪ѹҲûȥ˯
֪н¶ǰף˾Ÿ˽Լ̧˴Ӫһʮߵָ̨֮ϣӢһһҵߡֳָ̨ɫָӴʿ
ӢܷȥԲʮ֮ڣȫʿܼȣִս˵ԶܵأֻҪͶһöССףžͿʮˡ
ǰƵʿѾ׼ľ塢ݡ峵ͳ¥¥Ͷʯȹߣʱ׼
ӢܴʱЩߵ;ѾȫףԲ˵ľŹǺӵģ峵ײŵģͳճŵģڳ¥һ̨ԵǸ߹۲ĳһֳаݡסXX۲˶漫ǿ󡣿ʮˣڻʿھǽڵصʱʸʯݻľ޵ȵ˺ֱӿǽӳ룬Ǽ¥볲ЩƣֻҪСһЩֻʮ֡
ӢЩǧƵĹߣ뵽ΪⳡսѾ׼ꡣӾݶԣȷﵽ˷ǳֵĵزңƣҪʤⳡսӦûκε⣬ȴ֪ҪĴۣϣҪǡ
ָӸ̨Ϸһ̨ձۿž͵˳ʱ˾Ÿһӣǻɫҡʱǧ̨ս·ǾսӪкصսģµʮʿҲź֮֮£ƽʱĵСֻҲҪѪڣһʱ֮κεĺ¡
˿̳²ŵǧͶʯʼͺͶȥ˾ʯǼ¥ϵҲʼϵصоȥʱ䣬ǡ䡱ʯ֮롰ಡļ֮㲻ڶ
ʱҲ˺Ž֮ҲľʯǧļлĻҪ뽫Ǽ¥ȼ
˾Ÿһ֣ǰ̧ľʿ㿪ʼͨͨ׿ĻǺӣҪһʱĸšʱϼ꣬ʯ׷ɣ̾ˮʿмʬƬ̼ͽǺӸ顣ʱһʿѾʱţЩ̧ݵʿ̸ȥɿĶɹ˻Ǻӣݴ˳ǽ֮ϣʼҧŵϷɿʵǣϵɷʿͣͼϵʿ׷׵׹һЩҪϳǽȴѾ˳ĹǹݳųƣʿȫӸ߿յڵϣһܹʿݼ𣬼
ӢܼЩǰ湥ǵʿûʲôҲȻѹֱϻ˵ҪǹǣȶԷ߳ҲδʤͺɷıӦڶʮңټʮ򱻹˻سǵİգҪǳأңʿʵڽ
ۿŸŻǺѾ嵽µʿҲԽԽ࣬ĳǽѾǧݣʱݱƵ߱ϵĵоͷգܿµݴһ磬ңʿʬѵ˺ͺǵĳǽ֮£еڶʿʼһֵĹҸǲĿãӢȻСѪȣûмѪɺӵɱԹҲŶݣʸǼοȥ촽ҪҧѪ
ңͳ˳֮£ʼݻȻó峵ײҲ׼ˮûԽȼԽ󣬶ǵ´Ѵѵʯ۽ѹ𣬶л̵̿𣬴ңƳʿϣͷ̽һƬڵϷҽУ޷š
ңʿֿʼó¿ʼⳲ¿һһͣʿǽ֮ϣ¿ڱιԱھǽڵصʱʸʯݻľ޵áֳ֣һݶľܣţƤϣͿཬԷ˵ʸʯͻ𹥣ڿʮˣƵǽ£ڻʿǽ
Ȼߴصĳƽ֮ʱڻ𣬶˳ľ֮ϡַɳͰľһײɢˡһϻ硣ȼǳ֮ϵңʿѬѵֻǷ׷õģ뻤ǺУľֱˤڵ棬Ǿۡ
ڵͰ̵¿ڳϵɷʿȴ޿κεġңʿӡӵ￪ʼڳǽڵضٴ¿ڳͬʱڣ˳ڳǽںһſɷ鱨ȴûʾôһ⻤ǺӸڳеһңҲˮࡣȻֱûȫǣҲӰ˵ػ
ܿʿźţȴǸʧϢǳǽĻȫǼʯ޷ھ˻½ǽ֮ʱ˼ȫˡ
Ĺһֱҹڼţͺǵĳ¥ÿһԶ͵ȼһֻ޴Ļѣ¥յͨңʿ־δйսӢ£ûƵ̰֮ˣǺͺǻǼ᲻ƣûκοͻƵļ󣬶˾ѾֱظɽеоϮѾֱǰȥԸ
ʱ˾ŸһٷԸȥ滢Ӫ֪ͨɵţʾǰս
ǴӦһʹҴҶȥ
˾Ÿ϶ʱһȭ滢Ӫȫǽ书ǿӢۺúӦˣһȥͺǱȻܹ¡
ӢȴҡҡͷδأѪӻڳУɷĸ־ûб⣬ǻ̫滢ӪĽúδܹ㿪
ȥ˾ŸȴȻһس࣬Ӣǲࡣ
ûã滢ӪĽúȻȫϵ£ӢܲٵĶΪ֪ۼҵĹսǾԼİͽǰȥء
滢ӪĽúȻֲɹŵ֮ʱȻ׷ɣһмݣͲ֣ȫýŵ̤ȥܹ˾ʯľܿ͵˳¥
ʼƬ̼ϰú˳¥ѸٵĻɱһƬĵоõһǳǵ㣬治˵ȥɵûִðɹɹǵ˹ȥˡ
Ȼǳ¥֮Ϸ˼ĺŽ֮һͼһݳӰһӺ˹ݳӰǿ磬һӾ͵Щú֮УһɫĽУ֮ɵصӶһ˺̴һϡ
ǳ¥ϴɻƵ÷ʱʧѪӣȻ档
ʱм˸ϵȴ̨ߵȭ޹塢ǮЦڣֻԲǶĪ飬Ӣ֪ǿ£Ҳ΢΢ɵ
⼸һ֣úɥܿɵˡȭɣɵˡħ࣬ɵˡҰ׵ӣɵˡӰơʮɸѾ˳¥ǡġķ롰ɲҲˡ
ʱϵľһ䣬ȭɡħࡱҰ׵ӡΧסѪӣһʱ޷ڳȴס޹ǽ壬ǮЦҲȻиɸֽס¥֮һЩúȥ
ۿ滢ӪѾʮ׿ĵطڴ˿̣¥ֳ֮ĺˣֳѪһɷУֺݶݣȻԶѪӣȴͨĽú֮ϣһЩɷʿ󣬶Щϳ¥Ľúಡ䣬һʮ֦ȥƱͨļǿЩúһʱ˲٣ɷĺʿһӵϣ֮Уңϳ¥ĽúѾ˴롣
Ӣܼ޹භȻʩʽֻ޹ƽ֣жʱһ̾սƻ¶ǾҪΪԼһ֣ñ֪ĵϸΣս֮һҪԼҪˣңð
ʱǧ滢ӪĽúѾǧңǵǳǵҲԽԽխۿžҪɷʿסӢܼ״ϳȥһ˾Ÿ޾ֻǿţѾ֪⡰滢ӪȻ޷ңӹƳǳأ˾Ÿٲ󳷣ֻ֧¾Ҫɥǳ¥֮ϡ
ȻбƳ˾ŸҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫһӣ̱кŽ֮ȴ滢ӪĽúسҪ֪ܾװ׵ʧˡ
Լźţ滢ӪĽú׷Ծ³¥˳ݶ£ѸٻصӪУ¥ϵѪӡ޹ҲƬ̼ʧˡ
Ӣܼ״Ҳһ̾˻ҶԴҲ׼ѪҲ֪ѵ˶ĺʿȻֲ˳ϸʱӦңֲ𣬾ռκεϷ硣
˵ڶĳʱⳡսѾһһҹ˾ŸָӸ̨֮ϣһֱĬĬųϵĵоȵ龰ʱͺǵĳǽѾңʿʬ壬һ켤սϡ
ۿµһֹҪʼȴ˾Ÿһһƣɫҡűм֮ȴ˾Ÿͣĳ֮
֮ȥңʿͷ׷׵Ŀʼ󳷣ͺϾʹɷʿļл֮
˾Ÿһһٵȥ֪ͨ˾Դ󽫾˧о¡
ǴæҴȥˡ
Ӹ̨£صоӪСʱ֮˾һǰһĸϵˣ˵ɫ˿̶ԵȻǼһʱ䣬ʿǾʧ֮ңжܡ


 325 ֮
˾ŸŮ綼Ĭ˾˧Դ󽫾εĹսʲô
˾ٺȻ˾ŸһҾֵԪ˧ĩ֮ͺǲǿʿʵ̫ˡ
˾Ÿû˵Դ󽫾ô
Ҳ˾ŸһҾֵԪ˧ͺǵķҲĩôȥҪһ룬һҪú󱸾Ԥư
˾Ÿŵ˵ͷλ˵ö˻ҹȻǸţںͺǵĲȷƵ϶ɻұ·óеĵоβ޷ӦֻҪ˺еһӣͿȫͻƣӽտ˵ļʸľʯ׼ö֣ҾķطǳЧҾҪǹƳǳأ֮УҪʮϣĴۣԲǻϵı⡣
˾ٵԪ˧ȥӲȴ֪ܹƺͺǣѵҰ޹ô
˾Ÿȴ΢ЦǵأλȻ֪ΪʲôڲŶɷ嶯ֵԭɡ
˾ٲ˼ĵΪ׼һɷľӡ
˾Ÿһͷˣ˻ҵııȻڵĹة֮£Ҳ׼Ѩǿͺ󣬾һȥʤȻҪһʱաȻһ׼ã۹˻жس֮Ҳһá
ˣʱϲʲôӣ
˾Ÿ΢΢һЦ֮
ôһ˵Ӫ˶Ȼվһֵ԰Ϊ׼㹻֮ãҲɷ˽֮֡ȥҪ󷽵İնЩ󲼴ʿװҲһͺǵĳǽϣһ˻ʲôҲʩչˣֻҪǽһɣͺٸߣǵܹ׵ȥ
ӢΪʲô˵Щⳡսü֮䳣ֳţĳ׼ȷѾսʤ۹˻ҵĳǳٸߴֻ̣Ҫǵı취׹ƣҲǵʱ˾ŸԼ˵Լʤ׾ʤ֮ѧǾϣ֮ͬͨ
ػ˾Ÿͷðٷ죬Ѿּ׼ˣںľ֮УҲȥȡǣһսʿǶˣϢգٿʼǡ˾˧Դ󽫾ɵ˴ӸɽɱҺ󷽡
˾ԱȭӦǡ
ȻѾ¹ͺǵĲԣ˾ŸͷһþӾ͵˵ʿȫ͵ȥڶȥɷصĺȡ󲼴ʵɷӽʣµʮʿǰͺǣǣʮʿһ֣Ųһ£ܹһ
һ֮ʵʮӸϵ֮ǰҲѾѺ͵˾ŸͽӷΪ֣һ־֮кȻ͵Ϯһ־װںͺһ״ʼı취Ч֮еĵоȻʱмʸʯװʯزһ𣬼Ȳʯֲ»գͺϵĵоֻңǽԽԽߣһųƽ
ת֮䣬Ѿһ¹ȥһӢܽӵյһţӢֻһͷ˻У˴ս֮ʱ˽ӰԼκţ˻֪ǽһɣͺǱɣǲ޲ߣѪҲǿ£ʱʱš
һҹ˾Ÿ˯֮ʱӢԼȥӲɽĽչȴɽÿɽףʱѾͺǵĳǽһˣųǵıҲʮףȻ̫еľʯʿֻھ޶ܵڻ֮¿գܹͺӡ
˾ŸһӢһֱڱϵعͷĳԽһǲ֪ԸԸ⣿
ӢæȻһҾֵĩھУȫƾ˧ɣκΥ֡
˾Ÿ˵ͷԽϸ˵书ѾѧǡʽҵĪĶȫľͨѾֱ׷ϡУ֮ϣιǣ˧滢Ӫȷ棬ɱһѪ·úʿͨ
ЩӢÿ춼ỨһЩʱϰǡʽԽԽĵáʵڲ֪ԼﵽľأⳡսѾĦȭˣؼɣֻҪ˧;ΪԼȥսְأڼȻ˾Ÿ˵вԸ֮æĩһԪ˧֮
˾Ÿһ̾Ȼǣ⹥֮սףѪǻҵһͷֻ֮»֮СҪ֣Ҳ׶༪١ն尲ΣϵǵҸұǰȥǰ죬̫ҪȥסѪӣܵøʿȥֻҪǵǳ֮һСʱ֮ϣǴ󹦸ɡ
Ӣܵͺ֮ԶַǣһΣ滢ӪȫͨʿװѡһطǳǣѪһʱ֮޷Ϲ
˾ŸͷԽ˵òЩúűװϴΣ滢ӪǣѪӶȻͿˣԲźܿĸϹһʹ˾˧ҲѪӦǾжأŷҲӦֻǲ֪˭أûϵڽ֮ǰҾͻõ鱨ġ
Ӣһֱܺ˾Ÿǰ鱨İ̽˭̵ܹ֪ļƻͺز𣬶ȻǶԷһеλԽٵԽãȻҲȥ´
һֱһ£Ԫ˧ʵҿʱںͺµزѪӣǶĪ飬Ǵȴٳû¶棬治֪ʲô
˾ŸһͷĪҲһֱ֮ûȥһȵĵܵĪԸǻ˵ĪһֽҩڷǳؼʱҪһЩǰѾȥˡ
˵Żȴдһѻȸ֮žչȻͼͺɳǧƵĸҶ˼ҹһ㣬˸еɲ쳣
״˾ŸӢܵɫһ䣬Ӣ̵Ԫ˧ôҹɳżȻһǵ˵ʲôơ
˾Ÿ׶һʱҲûŪ׵ΪʲôæùģʿСĽ䱸СĵҹϮ
ܿйٵ𣬸űʿ׷űӪ˳еķ񣬶Ǳɫ֪׷ʲô
ȻЩ˳֮󣬲ûмǰɣңʿľӪ֮ԽԽЩľսͣеĵӪϣҲеĵңʿϾϣǵʿһ
Լ˰Сʱ֮󣬾ͼмֻȻ˼һֱֱµ͸ˣҵӪʡ䡱죬ЩңʿͺǴʱûʲôƺû͵Ӫļ󣬶ʱģ׷Ц˵콫пڸҰζˡ
ӢܸеԾ˾Ÿ˵һʩչṦЩ׹֮ȥʴҴҶӢܣæ
յһֻԱߣŵһӸõζζϤʱ̩ɽɳĪˣɫʱ䡣ЩжϿÿԶЩ
ߣԶʱһʲôжôܣ
ʿӴ
˵ǰĺ
˵ȴһЩеʿŽʿԽԽ࣬еʿ϶һƬһƬ˵ĺߣڿʼԼϵס
ӢʱѾ޻ɡղŻĵڷˣĪȻڳСʱµĶ̩ɽõġ̺ʬȴû뵽µϣȻЩɳңʿ֪⡰̺ʬǶôЩʿὫԼӵѪܵģȻٻһѱɫŨѪ̩ɽʱЩж̩ɽɵҪÿ࣬ʱЩңʿûлѪ֮״Ѿ÷ʧȥǡӪвҽұĪѾıһЩԣ⡰̺ʬܹĴ
ӢʱһƬ䣬˾ŸСĪãֵֻʮ˵ľ綾ֻҪȥвԶԶߣңںͺʿȫ
ľ綾ԸңؾѾ㹻˻Ȼɱ͵ϮԼʿҲȾ϶ӢʱѾʱ˼ֻǶʴ£Īأ̺ʬֻҪմһξͻȾϣСЩȥߴԪ˧
δ䣬Ѿ˾Ÿطɿȥü˾Ÿױ̧ŴҴ߸ϣӢܣæԽôһ£
ӢܵԪ˧ңĪġ̺ʬжʿüɱ롣
˾ŸȻ᲻֪ǡ̺ʬҲɫ䣬ĴӻͳӢܵϵԽȥ֪ͨȫȫȨȥȥˡ
ӢҲ˵ùУȥȣʩչṦͼٶȥ˸ղŵǵطȴѾʮʿѵףڲҽŷ跢ĴץϺɫѪҺѾڱɫˣƤҲʼڽã˶ĵʬѾʿԶԶرܿ˾ʧ룬֪ôźá
ʱӢʿˣ˶ʿѾҩɾȣᴫȾˣùɱ󡣡
̲סɱɡǶǵ˰ʱ˶ӢƴͣССǵҪ֪ԼУô룿
Ӣ֪Դʴȣ²ľĵģΧʿжʿϦദ඼ֵ֮飬ʱҲû˾ٹۿЩжʿеľҪԶȥⶾԻӵԽԽжʿҲԽԽ࣬³̾һ͵һҧӱϰγ˹ͷִγ˳ȻХһЩʿ֮Уͷ֮һ֮Щʿ˲ʹࡣ
ȻԼ嶾֮Ͱٶ֣⡰̺ʬȴƽĶأҲ֪ԼܲܵˣʱΣҲ˲ˣʮ˵Լһ˵İΣѾ΢桢աҶٻЩİŮһû룬ʱΨһҪģֹ⡰̺ʬĸ̶ȵӴ
ʮĵ֮£Ƭ֮ȫڵϿʼĸãΧʿЩ״֮ң
Ȼǲ֪ǣʹȴӢܣҪЩʿʹ񣬻ҪüпַȴɱǣĲᣬʵѪÿɱһˣĶںݺݵһ㣬ʹ࣬Լ²ֻ֣ˡ
Ӣܷǳע⣬ɱЩˣͷȻǽ˼αɫѪҺʼʱ÷÷Ҳиʬˣɾ
Ӣ֪Լܿ⡰̺ʬҲǱɣæ֮䣬ͷ£ԶԶĶʴ£һˣ£һûȥҵҵĸף˵ܹԭģҲТ˳ˡڶնǣҶԲǣҰǣչһЩˣ֪ġ
˵⻰ҲʴӦǰȥһӣһɱжʿľеʿִˣȻеĲ̣ٳٲԸ֣ӢֻܾȥԶ֡
ңľǰֲ˷ԲʮЩ˶Ҳûзɵ̫Զ˾Ÿоܺ࣬ûж٣Ӣܼÿ죬ϳǿ޴ġ̺ʬ񣬷ԿţʿԶжߣûøʿܺı߿֮£Сʱ֮ежʿѾɱӪнʼָ˰˾ŸѾӢȫȨ£Ҳʲã̽ʮǷͷȥеʬ壬бѪȾӪ̷գʮ֮ڣȥˡ
æЩŹ˵ԼŷԼȻͷֱ֮մЩѪûɦ֮У֪嶾֮Կɿ⡰̺ʬһ֪Լӹ˴˽١
һͰװˮּһӢܽѹ⣬׶ǻԼ˴ͰϴһˮվʿȥѰѸϣ뵶մĶѪ࣬Ӣһǯ𣬷һߣ֮´


 326 滢Ӫ
ص˾ŸĴӪȴ˾١硢ʼʮ춼ѾӪ֮УӢܽ˾Ÿ˷Լߵ֮⣬ӢһҾʡ˾ٵ˼״Ҳ˾ŸҾ
ӢһʱæֻԪ˧ˣʵĩ
˾Ÿ̧ͷԽһҾǵ֮֮£㷢ֵ磬Ĵߴֻʮңӻ֮ˡɱˣԼİΣˣؽʵѵ˵Ʒã˧ˡ
ӢҡͷⲢûʲôǡ̺ʬҵ̩ɽĿùȻϵóĩֻɱˣҲΪĩйһ죬ηûдԪ˧˵ѵá
ʱȴʵԽͲҪǫˣаղж˵ЩǴңҪǳ£治նô
˿˾ҲӢһ̾Խ˵ʵӵϵţ˵Ѿˡ
˵ȴһ٣ûн˵ֵ꣬µʱҲǺܷ㣬Ϊ䲻նն۹ˣ۹Ҫҵľá
Ӣ֪û˵ĻָԼȢ档ҪȢյ£˵ԼŮӢѹѩ۹ⲻգƺźźæҽܺáʵѧʼߣܶطֵġ
˾΢΢һЦû˵
Ӣһ£Ծޱȣ˾ŸһҾĩҪԪ˧ͷ
˾ŸŶԽ֮У
ӢܵĩɱңʿˣأԪ˧ĩʵİ
Ӣ˵⻰˾Ÿȴǳһ̾Խ˲Ĺ֪֮ϣؼ֮ʱĳӲܹԼľˣĴ֮ġ֪ǡ̺ʬֻĪнҩұȷ²ãЩʿ˶Ѿ޾ȣɱǣֻһǵʹ࣬ɱ˵Ī飬ǹ˻ңʲô˧֪жȻܲܡˣԽ򲻿̫ࡣ
˵⻰˷Լص˾£ʾӢȻվԼȻ˾ٵڽڽ֮´Ҳˣʲô
˾ٵԪ˧Ī˱Ѫӻ£ǻûжԸİ취ǿŪʲôĩͣǣȥĪǰ
˾Ÿһ̾ĪĪ֮ܣĪóöĪóⶾܵĶԱĪҪѷһĪٳٲ˵Ҫоһҩ˧ϵòȻо⡮̺ʬĽҩĪľ綾ҲΨһδܻģضʵ̫Ϊ˱ʿǸ˧Ҳͬ⸱˧Ľ飬ͣǣȥһĪ񡣡
µĴ󽫶ĿЩжʿĲ״ûη֮ģ˾ŸĻȫͷͬ
֮ڽɢȥӢܾУ뵽ЩԼ֮µʿȴȻޱȣԳߡ
źͺǻʮԶܷڣʿͣÿʯҲԴ˻ڽо޶ڻ˫ء
龰һֱʮ죬ԴӾ֮º˾ŸӢܸ࿴ЩѧľȻ֮ϣӢܵ˾Ÿϸָ㣬ս߱ѧɣн档˾ŸҲʼڶʵʵָʿԱḻս죬ÿҲæµͣ˿˲١
һ磬Ӣ˾ŸзھӪѲӣȴһʿҴææĹ˾ŸæһԾһҾԪ˧ƷǰĪѾˣڴӪ֮⡣
˾ŸӢXX໥һжһϲ״һĪжˡ
صоӪӢԶԶľϳĪȴһҰɫĳۣȴȹȥˣʱؿ˲ٵѪ
ĪȻҲϳӢܣֻһۣͳ˾ŸһҾ¹Ī񣬷֮ǰһʱ٣˾Ԫ˧ˡ
˾ŸһץסĪˡ̺ʬĽҩƳô
Ī¶ŵ΢ЦԪ˧ġĪĳȻǰȻаնԸǸĳĴ磬ǡ̺ʬӸõʬģټʮŶֲƳɣȷޱȣ¹ѾһҩеҩҲ͵ˡʿս£һ֮ڣ˵ǣ̺ʬĶҲɻ⡣
˵⻰ӢܣȴûĵԽǲúȵء
ӢԼ嶾¡ЦĪˡ֮£ҲȲѣɱϡ
ĪȻʹ嶾֪ӴʱѾǻϵȻҲ޿κˡοϸ뵱֮£ȷҲԼȣԷٹҲˣ㲻ٶ˵
ʱ˾ŸԴϲððĪˣǸҽ֮ˡ
Īҡͷ϶Ҷɽʲô£ĪĳĸԸġĪ֮ضԹҲȷ˽ʱˡ
Ӣ˵嶾ŲϲĪ飬ͽ֮λĪ񣬲Ī¼ţͽеȫɴĪͳԼ»¼޻ܵϣ嶾˽ŭּɡɡ̩ɽɡɡңʵ֣嶾ţץסĪӦ츮ΣĪȴѶܣͶɷ壬Īץ֮캰ԩһ챻ǰӲʴ˰ŪĪȷԩ֮󣬾ͷ֮ĪǸж£ԸҡĪԼֳ֣֮ԹޣȻҪ
Ī֮У˾Ÿȥо¡
һСʱ֮ʮԱѾڴ֮У˾Ÿ㽫Ī˵ػظһ飬˵ĪҩͿԲĪĶⳡ׼ѾõĹսҪʼˣڽܡ
˾Ÿг񣬿ʼǲ֮ͺǣӢܣ˾ŸȻΪ滢ӪΪȷӪȥռͷΪʿɱһѪ·
ϣֱȥӢҲֳƽԸע¾ȻʮױǰоӪһԶġ滢ӪӪ
滢ӪѾӵ˾Ÿ֪ͨӢӪûһɴŸǰӭӣҲУֻɫܲÿ
Ӣ̨ܵϴչе޳ƷԿڽʿѾ֪Ǿ壬οǻ谮﹫֮׹ݣյǰ;ǲȻ˶ȡֻзվһߣʱЦ
ӢܶԷҲĴǣȻ⼸ɱȻûǡʽҲǾҲȥ
滢ӪиԹܣҲʲôģҲûʲô£ֻ֮شսˡ
ϣӢһױȥ˵
ûãһŲȴױһ˽޳Ŀʣһ縳롣ݣǡ
Ӣæӭȥסֵǰ̩ɽһ֮ǺӶô
Ҳ¶ޱȻϲ֮ɫԽ嵨̩ɽɣĳһˣǰǲҵģɽƵ𣬾ͽһ磬Ҳ̧ˡ
ӢҲýСǰ̫İ±ĿڵáҾͲˡ硣
̴Ӧһĵؼҵĺֵܡ
˽ӲѪжһԡѪսͬ˴˾ءȻ˲ͬһǴЦ
ӢоµһϣԼ磬̩ɽܵ˼أҲû뵽μӵ滢Ӫ
ʵûȬֻҸӲ̩ɽȥĵɷ˸ԲŽˡ滢ӪȻӢ˵ֵܣɱ˴ʲôٴˣֻҪûܹͦˣҪֵӦһ¡
Ӣæ磬ʲô£ֻ˵
˾Ԫ˧ǰ㣬֮ǲҪǡ滢ӪǰӪǳǣ
Ӣܱ˵ͷȷˡ
ֵܣҪҵȥǰЩĵǳս˲ٵĵ֣һҪǱ
Ӣ֪书ûκģһͷã磬Ǿôˡ
ʱһֵֵܣǾͶлˡ
ִ㲵ӣ뵽ҲһգӢһ磬಻ŷǵĻ˵СѾˡ
ǸԵˣԴӵ̫صŮ溶һ飬ȴԵأʮһֱû˵溶裬ʱӢһ˵Ӷʱһ͵һץסֵֵܣѵ֪˵˻ѻ溶û
ӢܼļҲ԰̾Ǵ˵ĻܾŵأҲǰ
뵽ԼѾֵƣٽСǰǱݣĿڵŮ֪һЩ㲻ŷһܹʳЩʲôġ
ô˵ʵҲһ⣬溶ţֳ¼棬ЩԵҲ˵ҪܹóԸһϲˡ
˵ʲô̫ԼܵϢ΢¶ʧɫ˵ͷðɣʦ̩ɽɵӪУȥȻǣǵⳡ̴֮ҳ
溶ӢҲֻǲ²⣬ȫ϶磬֮£ʮŲ⣬㻹ҪЩá
ȴһЦֵܣģȻ溶ҲѾˣҵУԶţԶǵģ
Ӣܾ˹ۣٴʧڴϵط̬뻰ǿЩҲһɡ
˵Żȴ˴ҽȥҽȥлҪԽ˵
ӢƺЩʶһʱ벻𵽵˭ʵױ˭Ҫ
⻰Ųһ׳ò׶׺߽ӪУӢһƣ⺺ӲǱˣȴֵǡɱǡҰ
ҲϵҰ޶У˵ͷӢһҾԽȻ£¾͸ˡ
Գơ¡ơΪ֡ǰӢܱˡ
ȵһ뿪ӪʣҰһҾԽĵ۲ʶ̩ɽ㣬Ҫǻˣҵɡ
Ӣʱ뿪ߵǰЦЦֵĴ磬ʱһʱˣ㿪һЦ㲻Ҫֲǡ
Դӵңô֮ӢܵԸʵת䣬ڵԸø¸ˣȥһӲȴԽԽǫѷͰˣΪ˴¿崺磬ֲŭȻַԸһ־г뾭ܴﵽһ־磬ҲǴ˵е֮磬ǱĬƻĽӢܱȴ֪Լı仯
ҰǾԼյӢܣ췣ģˬʵЦݣ˫ֽסԼϣֻ˱Լ֮ʱֶһ˵׵ʣСĸԹ¶ȻаȫƾкöȻ֪ԷԼС࣬ʱȴޱȵޱȵľȫ˶Էͣ޳Ǹ֮ˣȻִӢѳŹſͷԽһͷ˵ʵﻹǺܷķˣ㲻书ãҲãЩʲôŴɵ˶Ҫõö࣬ĵԸԶ㡣
Ӣһֱ˭κҪĳ֣ҰԣȴһæĴ磬ǧôǰһ㵹ȷһʵѡ֪ԸԸ⣿
ҰԽʲô£ֻܷԸǡ
ӢܵĴ磬Ӧ֪ǹҪͺˣ滢ӪǵǳǵӪһңĴ죬ȽʱںͺǵĳǽϻչôҶ֪Ѿȥȫʿ׳Ҳܴѡս֮գҪĸԸС
ҰʱȻһЦȻӢһҾԽҽǳǵǰ죬֣̫ˣĵĻ˰뱲ӣûйҲû̹壬֪Ϊʲôţܹһ˼ˣĶô᲻⣬ĸԸĸԸý
ӢʵܹҰ˵ġ֪Ϊʲôšһ䣬һʱ֮ǰγȻţȴȫ֪Ŀ꣬оǳĿ飬ڣĿʼˣҲʵ࣬ⳡսңİԶҵȻջȥҵĸףԼ˭ȥҵһġۻĴͥĿǰеĿԸֻǲ֪ܲʵ֡
ЩͷֻһӶҰǺãĴ磬Ҿͽ콻㣬Ҫˡ
Ұָ֪Լȥʹıһ˳ֻ֣ʹö̱ˣſһЦԽģҾǳͲıˣøͷһԽɷĶ仨ˮ
Ӣܱ㺬Ц˵ͷ
Ұֻһ˳ȥӢܾȡ˵ʼϰǡʽ֮ҪԵǳֿ˿ֲѪӣȻ֪Լ书нȴ֪ٴಫʲô档
ûãױԽһλ
Ӣ֪ˣæ
һƵһ֮̽ȴһڵ룬Ҳ֪ʲô
Ӣæӭȥ
ȻһЦ̷ھϣȻ룬ݵǰԴ磬Ҹ㰾ǺòײŪԭϣкôģ
Ӣܽ˹ֻһ˱ǣ뵽ĿģȻܾ̾УһСףˡ
һֱһ˫꣬ӹ룬ɷ֮ϣЩŵĵԴ磬ζôǱˣһʱˣǵڶΰģ͸öˡ
Ӣ΢Цŵͷζܺãھ˵СΪ֮²Ϊĺá
ҪڹȥӢ˵ĻȻǿӲѾܹվڸĽǶȿǣ˼͸ϸ˵£ȴﵽĿģֲöԷġ


 327 ֮ս1
ӢܵĻ˾ʲôڶǽˣ˵ǰЩҪ㣬ͺǵңӶҪĪġ̺ʬ´һٵġ
ӢһЦһ£ˣ졮滢ӪûжѵЩûз
ҡҡͷôûз˲ӪУʦһ۾ƳˣߴСĶܣûж
Ӣ뵽Էǵ˼ȷῴǷ죬Ҳǰ̾ڷǴˣʵںѲ²ԷʲôֻʲôҲмֹ˼ɣεǳǣҲôԼǰ棬Ŀǰ˵Ƕңйġ
ʱȴԴ磬һ¡
Ӣܵʲô£
˵νǡ滢ӪǰӪԴһ˳ǰ棬ǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷġ
ҧҧ촽ǡǲǺΣգ
ӢܵǹݵءأȻΣա
ɫʱԴ磬ܲһȥ
ӢЦҡͷ²Сʵ书Ҳ㲻ģֻǺ񻹴ûɱˣҪսݲģȱ˵书߼֣ȴܻҪڶԷ£ڹ˽㵽ȷһǲеء
ʱȻԴ磬Ľʦÿζʦͬҡҡ
Ӣ΢ЦŵʦɲȴǡŮɲһ
˺ȻһŵҲҲǺݵĳɱ˵ġ
ӢܵѪսһ֮ǣǾҲֵģ˵㵽ӣǸǰӪ붼Ҫʦ
ʵĶԣӢǲϣ洿Ķμɷɱ֪Լһȥ˵ЧˣЩ
ʱҹһŮӼңҲٴӢܵӪ֮У̾һȥ̵Դ֪һĴӢۡ졮滢ӪǣһܹɹģҲΪģĺˣһӻ
˵⻰Ӣһۣ˳ȥ̬ȴᣬӢܿȻǸд֮£Ҫⳡս֮˵ˣȻ¶Ů̬֮
ʱ䣬תѹ峿鶨ع֮ʱ˿Ѿ˺ͺǳ¥һԶĵطǲ书ͨʿҲܹһԾ
ңľʱѾװʿЩһֱһܹһصԸĦȭƣ־
Ӣ조滢ӪͰ˾Ÿõģȫͨʿװ˾ٵȥ˾ŸҲѾõ鱨ѪӹȻǾвӦǽȴɽ壬ǮЦǧɷĺʿš
ӢܴѡȷӿʼɽȷӽǸɵżһЩ书ǿĽúһˣֻҪܹڳǽɱһѪ·һʱ䣬õ·ϿӣúľͨǴ󹦸ɡ
ɽʱһսۣÿɽа֮ǽƽУβһб£ʿǿԺȥ
ĵоӦҲңľӼԳǳطܹڲͣصţµ֮ҲѾر
һ׼ãѾ˳ʱ²ܿ˾ŸĴ죬ȴȻ޹Ƿܹźš
ս֮ңǧͶʯͬʱʯ¥֮ȥ¥¥Ҳƽ
Ӣһ£ӵĽúһֳԷĳζƣһֳűɽʱ֮䣬ǼͬžʯϮֻЩͶʯûʲô׼ͷһڽúṦҲһöƵסһԾűܹЩʯѾͺ¥ԽԽֻʮ׾ˡ
Ӣܳǰ档֪˻ҷǳƻ֪ѷҪµǳǣûֶηһֱڰн䱸ţʱȻкȻ֮׳˳ɰǧʹлʱЩȼ׸ߵܴ
ֶΣȷǺЧģӢ׼ڵ˿ʼͶʹ֮ʱѾԾڿ׸ߣӷɵƵǰ¥ϵصоһǶƷһХ˹ȥƬ̼ͽоضϡ
ӢܼԼƺ˽ҲһϲڿѾγ˹ͷ볤һһĳУ˫趯ıʱڶܣȫסӣʹм䵽Ҳʵɢɡ
ʮ׵ľ룬ӢṦٸߡҲ޷һӶʱǰĻһʱ֮Ҳ׷׺ˣۿųǰӢܾҪһƬ֮Уɽ֮¹սңʿɫ䣬˾֮
ȻӢǰ֮ʱ⣬ۿӾҪ֮УȻһȴʩչɺ׾ű䡱Ṧұ۳סõһ鱻Ͷʯ׳ľʯ֮ϣζ𣬾ѾɽĵߴʮףµĻѾ޷˿˾շһ㡣
ر仯е˶Ŀѣе˼飬ңʿ
ڹ˫оʯӢȴûۣ֮żֵżʯѸٵ¥ȥ
ۼžҪ¥ʱȣһһңѾԾˣһ˻ӵһ˴̽ףѣӢܵҪϮ
ӢƵԼ̨Ľ壬ǮЦһһǿݺѸײڶ֮ԼĲԼĻ֮С
ȻӢԴӵõ˾Ÿָ֮书д⵶͵һӺȻڿһȴ˵£һǮЦ̧һ򾣷壬˵ĵգŵ˷ԼҲһæõµмܣӢܾҪˣԼһһ˵ıһһңѾǰ˳¥֮ϣ˫ֻӴ̣ɷʿ촦
ʱǮЦҲ˵ϣæӢܾԵԵԽǶһ
˼˾ֲͬıʩչͬʽҲǺȻľ
֮УӢܼΧɷʿȻǻͰôϨ赲źңӽ룬Լ׼Ż䣬Żĺʿڽʱشʵ֮
ʱһȻ˾ǮЦʩչšɺ׾ű䡱Ⱥ֮Уӵ̽ͽɷֻУֻɱͰɷʿ
ǮЦӢˣҲͼޱȣ¥˾۵̫࣬ܵ壬ȥ֪жٵĵ֮£æô˿
ЩɷʿӢӵ촦һƬѪ⣬ͺõսľƵ׷׶ڣ¥֮ȫˡܹ㿪ӢһȥХݺᣬĿֻҪصΧ֮ڣɷʿմƬ̼ϰĵ֮£ȵǮЦȥͲ֮죬Ⱥ߿ȥǮЦǴСУȴ޿κΡ
ʱͺ¥ɽ֮ѾӢŪҳһţ˿ɽϵĻҲϨˣȴңʿų¥ϵʿɳЩס
ƵļСͼ֮Ŀʮˡȴɡǵ˸ϵˣ⼸˽һĽޣϳ¥̸ӱսһɽס˾壬ɵˡħȴ뵶ǮЦսһ𣬶ʼɱЩңʿвɱ֣ʱЩʿ׷׳ɷɱЩʿȻҲ㲻Ͼûʲôرڵظ֣ʮλɵҲӦ
Щ˵ļսţӢܱڳǳ¥ɽӴ࣬ͳڵǲ飬ܹݸɱˣĿǰΨһ˼¡һһ֮ȫѪܣһɾ֮
ʱɽϵػѾȫˣ滢ӪĽúԽԽӿ룬۵ȴһֳңػ죬ֳһ師ķ׳׺ӣǡɱǡҰ
ӢܼҰһֳ죬һֳָϵĹȻû˳֣Ըͨɷʿȫ࣬Ǹͷŵ˿ҿʵ˹ƵģݣɵðԵͷô֣ȷٺò
ۿš滢ӪĽúѾȫ˳¥һ׿ĿӣȴƵҰһܣ˳¥ļ֮ϣһ߻Ŵ죬һ߸ߺѾ˵ǳǵˣ尡尡
չ׼õңʿźʼ׷׳ˮĵɽܹ
ӢܿҰڼ֮ϻ죬ܻЩɷڿʼ׼һã͵˹ȥһһõˮ©ҪסʸʮͬʱҰӢһȻס˴ؼʸ֦ʸϣǼʸֱû𣬵Ұ£Ӳһ󣬾ȻҧŸͦסˣȻŴ죬źʿԴԴϵĳǰ
ӢʱҲݵҰԱߣļ֮ѾѪ־͵˿ڵΧѨѪ֮Լһע⻹ûһߵĴ磬ҪҪ
ҰˣѪȴЦԽңĵƤ֦Сˡ
Ӣ˵ʮ㣬֪ûҪģңʿ಻ӿ¥ĿԽ˺ԽɷѾ޷ٷˣǳǴֻǽ뵶ǮЦһСֺʿڸ翹˵Ĵ磬ԼСЩ
Ȼǽ뵶ȥѾƵ뾣书ڲ֮䣬ѽѷ֣ɵˡħȴڵǮЦ֮ԵЩģˡ
ȵԱߣһǮЦľϺȥƵصԱȻţ˽ˣȳȥ¡
ڳԼȻǰͲãæãԽСˡ
˵ž
Ӣ֪ԼʱѾǮЦ֮ϣҲáʽйؼ汸ʽֱһȫġŭξѩϮȥŭΣƾѩһһңȥȫȻͬѾǮЦȫס
ʱ̨ϣǮЦǼĵ֮ģȻ֪ǳû˭֪ԷֻһУеƽмܣæܹ־ƣһᣬȥסԷĵơ
ʱഥһֻáһ죬ĵ𻨣ǮЦĻȴһеĳֶиǺȻѽʽصˣҲԼʮĿޣС;ԳѮʵڹġ
ʱӢһб仯ġǧҡչɽب಻ֹͻأʱʱͣƮͣ׽
ǮЦһУп࣬ҲȥӲӣֻƾԼʮľ˵ĵ֮ƶܣУѾ׵׵·磬һʱ֧穣亹ٹ˼оҪСӵĵ֮£ɵе֣֣Сýңһ˶Ըһֻ֡
ǮЦǵңʮĽ飬ǮЦôæɣԾ˹
ӢܼҲҪ֮ţ㲻ңһȥš
ɸղѾǮЦƵǱ龰ҲǰӢܵ书̨ʱѾ˾֮УңֻΨлѪܹ֮뿹⣬ԣ֪Ҫ⵶˵Ĵ󻰣ӦһһЩ˳ų¥ɱȥȥĳţֻҪһͺǾ㳹䵽ң֮֡
ʱӢѾ뾣ǮЦ˶һ˵һһԵֵסӢܵһֻ֣һӢܵϱڵȻҪϼ֣ˣʩչȻȫǹƣԼκεķأݺ֮£ǽ뵶ǮЦƵˡ
ת֮䣬Ѿ˶ʮУӢԽսԽ£罣ҲʢǮЦ¶ңԽԽӣҪߣȴӢܵĵס
ֶУѾӢܱƵ˳Ǳڣ·ȴӢһȣ˫ֵ˵ͷǮЦæֻ֮øٵͷмܡ


 328¡֮ս2
ֻ죬ӢܵĹͷѾѹסǮЦĳҲѹס˾Ȫĸߴ󣬱˸߳һͷͬһ㣬ǵϵǴþˣǮЦű࿹ǵͨ죬ҲеĿҶĲס֪Լ±ߣӢܵĵὫ˴ͷۣ룬ֻÿ֧š
ûһ˵ԽѹԽǮЦվסͨһڵϣĳѹ֮£Ҳ˫ϥһڵϡ
ʱȴӢһȵ֡
ǮЦֻһ޷ܵĴӶԷĵӿҲ޷óһһ˫˫ּ׹µأӢܵĵͼ˵ľ֮ϡ
ǮЦ֪һȻĿ
Ӣ֪˵ԿһѪӵĹƻ׿룬ʧλҳϿɾѪԺӣˣʵڲɱǽõĺá
̧ߣ˵ġСѨ֮ϣȻʿȽ˱Ӫ֮н˾١
Ӣ˳ų¥мɱȥʱ˾Ÿָӵ·ָӵȻûеϳ¥ֻܿĲ๥ȫͻˡ
ʱǧ滢ӪĽúѾϳ¥һңʿѾӿ롣ɴһֵ濪ȥˣӢܾһ·мɱʱ𵶽˵Ѿﵽ¯֮ټˣЩʿֵܹûáϰĵ֮¡
ɷʿʱϳ¥ңʿˣ֪ȥҲûʲô־ֻֿͷ׷ȥЩʿӢһֽúɱ֮ҲѾʣ޼ۿмĳѾԽԽˡ
ڴʱȴһغХһӰ˹ݳĿӲֳһɫɷСӢϵ̵ĽѪӡ
ѪһȺУɷޱȣʱ֮䣬ɵĵһ̩ɽɵĵ¡
̨ʱӢܽѪȽֽۣ֪Լֵܹ֧УʱѾʿJӢܴһԾѪߣžһСˮСչȥһǹؼ汸֮ƣѾԼڲ֮أסѪӣá滢ӪĽúܹмĳųɱȥ
ѪӼɫұһ̧еɷжʱһɫعâͬʱüġᡢؼʽޱȡ
ӢܵĳһֱڷţһУæϺѪӵءɷз鶾سӣ΢΢ܹӢܵĹͷֱ΢ĽУȴСȥǱ仯ݹ֮
ӢæһһСããȥ֮͸֮ᣬһһأѪĹͷХԼбҲһ˸ֱ۲ȴһɷоӢյָȥ
ֱ۲мȫԤףӢȥƼ죬ۿžҪԼײѪӵɷ£ҪӹһУҲֻԼָܹɷУȻһʧȥعͷϱ֮޷չҪ˶þͱȻҪܣֲ֧ϴεһٶУһս֮ѪӶġʽѾ˴Ħ˿Ƶʽ
ʯ֮䣬ӢҲȻһʽУſָȴŵһУǹͷʱȥʱѪӵɷпǰ
ӢܱܹɷУԾڿнסֵĹͷһȣ͵һһһѪȥʱܹȫںһۺͣѾڵκθ֮£һлûʩȫ뽣Ѿ´͸Ѫ񾫹һȥӲӣ
Ӣܵô˿϶Ѿȵ˵ϣһأӶʱ뵽ղõĲǵʽҲκѧѧʽ
һˣȴһϲ˵ġ£һġˣѧʽ˴ģȻһɲ䣬ֻҪԼ˾飬ȫܹٳóʵʵʽ׵֮һ㡣
Щ뷨ֻͷһӶηηšɽһȫġ¡ͷ϶бѪӵļͷȴ¶ϷСһʩչǰҲ¶֪ԼֱѪӳٶҲ˶١ѪӳִԼؼ䣬״ȴңԼĵϻ֮±ƶǣһҪб롣
Լռ˱ˣϵѪӲðյġ
ѪҲоӢܲ˱仯Ӳɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻӢϣض̡
Ա߿һ󲽣ܹص֮ơ伲̶
Ӣܴʱη֮ĴžһСǧҡȥʼԹ֮ѪӶԹ
Ƭ֮ͲʮУӢܾȻ˿û·磬ĸ㣬ԽԽұ仯ʽˣѲȥôӲͣӵչˮӦֻ֣Դѧ⡰ʽûõôʹ
Ҫ֪ѪӵġɷзѧʽлΪļ£Ӣܵġʽȴﵽ˻Ϊ۷壬ѧ˵ǿһìһƵģȫƾʩ߱˴˵Ϊ򡢾ֳܷʤӢԼãֵù˾Ÿֵָ㣬˶ಫľҲԽԽ࣬ټѾֱ׷ֱȵ̨ʱѾͻͽѪӡʵ·𣬶ʱһһʱԴУѪҲ޿κˡ
ӢܴʱҲ̾ȫ׵ġʽֱǡޡˮСŭξѩǧҡ¡ããӢۺڡǰѾù죬һСӢۺڡһȫʽǱϵע˵ȫ׵֮һУֵһóȴٳױˣͺǵ괴׵֮ǰһЦǷǶʩչʽʵֻʽȻףȱıɱʵʽź
ֶһȴѲУѪۼңʿԽԽӿ˳¥Ѿ칥мĳ¥Ҳ¼ХһȻһԾ߾ɷӢһ˲䣬еǱɫɷоȻ䷢ҫ۵ĹâӢܵͷ
һУǵѪħġʽĵһʽħʽԭѪħġʽɷѧֵ˼ᾧѪħвɣۺ˵֮оٸǿʩչΪħ񡱡ʽħɣԿգǵ似ļޣ˾Ÿ˫ȾǱѪӵĴʦѪϵġ
ӢܼһУҲǰݣæѾܣùͷͷҪסѪӵһ
֮䣬ӢܵĹͷѪӵɷоײһҪƽΪӢѾﵽľ磬ѪҪʤһʱѪСħʽǾۼ˱ǷͬСɡֻһľ죬𻨷ɽ֮УӢֻܵһһҪ֣ԡ
¶ףڵϹüѪӵһ֮
ѪҲϵӢ֣ܵħʽǶԸأӵûվȣ̧־һлȥһлδʩչȫ˲ֱʮй⣬ÿһⶼޱȵغâƺЩâͿ˵ľ̴˵šǡʽеĵڶʽʽӢʱκεķأѪӵɷϷغâѾ̵ļʹ
ۿӢܾҪɥѪ⡰ʽ֮£ʱȴһʽУٴȥѪʮйȫ˸գ¿ȷǱޱȡĸǲмΪģӢ˵СõĽԼôĻţҲûΪԼʲôѧֻ֣ҪܹסǱǱûиֵķȣǾȻ˵ġ
ѪӵСʽʵ滹ʮıɱ仯۶Է书жߣʽжྫ仯֮УӲӣУӢٴ¿֮ǡޣ׾ѪէȻʧȥĿ꣬еı仯Ȼʩչˡ
Ѫ⡰ʽ˸գɫҲ࣬ýƻСӡ
ӺȻǰһݣӢ΢ͣһȥһʹƮƮλҽǣ޺ۼѰմ˼̻ǡʽһʽʽһȻƽޱȣƮƮĲ֪ںδǰǧɱӢֻüٵѪӵ죬й£Ȼת۾ͷס·ҪڵϽɱ
龰֮£ӢܵġʽȻʩչƺֻеһ;ȻʱеȻֳУһǹͷѪӵǰȴϥǡ
һӣӢܵı˺ѪӵǰѪҲһУһʱҲ޷ٹ˵Ͻһȴ˸űܹӢܵӢܵĿ϶˫ڵһţѾվֻ˵Խס
һ죬һǰһӢܲסһһбƳȥȴԼݱȴԼ֮Եɴ½ͥ
ӹ֣һͷȥ⣬˫۽Ѫӣ뵽ղŵǼУЩ£ֻѾ亹ʪˡ
֪ǣʱѪӵ֮Ĳ֮£Ҫ֪⡰ʽѧ֮꣬ҲڻʹбѪħáʽסŪɷأȴճӢǰʩչͱĪˣ˼άӦ֮˺ȻŹ꣬ңһ֮ҪѮͷˡ
ʽȳѾԪٶȥҲûʤˣѪһ˸Ȼһתų¥ԾȥƬ̼ûӰ
Ӣͻ뿪֪ԼʤˣһʱҲȥ׷ϣм¥ķȥȴӰһΣ½ͥѾߣһſʵѾ˳ݾ֮ɫԽܹͣѪӲܣȥǻ˵Ŀడ
ӢһǰһЦʲôѪӲܣ½֣ղŵ龰ҲˣҲҪûʵΣյúܡ
½ͥûû¶ѪӵıѾùˣаɱ㣬Ǿ󻼵ģħԼ뿪֤Խıˡ
ӢܹһЦѪ뿪ΧȦ˶࣬书жߣҪǼ£֮١
˵֮䣬ӢʰԼĹͷ볤Ѿϵм¥֮ʱмɽңʿҲʼڵϳ¥ˣɷʿл֮£Ѿҳһš
Ӣ͵ùķԸΪ˽ңİսŹɷİգȴҪɷʿΪԼ̰֮ĸֻۣҪԷûͶҲȥȺȴʿȫɱ¥ϵɷʿԽԽ٣޶־±ڵأģӢʿǽסѺȥӪʥּ䡣
¥ϵɷʿѾ½ͥæԽ˵˻Ҳںͺǿ˵ȥ׽
ӢȴһЦߵ˳¥֮ڣųз׷ҵĳ棬ƵңѾмųֱ룬ڳвûʲô֯翹ҡҡͷ½֣˻ҿɲɵӣ֮ʱӦ뵽ͺǱסˣӣֻб׽ҲµòӦʹһ־ӳȥˣǽץסġ
½ͥ˵ò˵ͷһܵĵԽ֪ɷ֮ڣֻкͺʥѹһЩ˻ұȻӵʥȥˣʲôǾ«ư֮Ҳֻиɵ־ܵķݶⳡսҪˣϿٲܶɷ̫ʴȣҪŵùԽ㵹Ǹʵѡȴս֮滢ӪĺúϾټ㣬˵òã
ӢܸǹһЦ½ͥļ½ְ½֣ĺˣ־ٴˣս֮һҪҪ
˵ɫһ½֣˻ҾʧܵģҿⳡսҲûô׽ǻҪСΪ
½ͥӦǡ
Сʱ֮󣬳¥ϵɷʿѾȫ𣬶ңľжʮ˳˺ͺڣӢ뵽˻ұʵʿڳڲûʲôֿѾң졣


 329 ֵ˳
Ӣ㡰滢Ӫǧúսˣ˽ЩĽú͵ӪУԼʹһ˳¥
ţȴ˵ԽáʽʤѪӣǿϲɺذңӴֶһ֡
ĻӢ̻عͷȥȴ˵ǷǣϽŲٵѪղŵɱҲܼҡ
ŴʱǵгĽʼ֮⣬Ӣ΢΢һЦ⻰ǫˣϳ־ѪһսѪӱȻӲĵ֮¡
ղӢѪ˶֮ʱʵһֱԶԶĿţΪӢһѪӵɷ֮£ȻܹܹǼ޷ƽġʽ׿˵ٳӦ䲻˵ǡʽʩչѾԼʮ֮ϣȻһϵȷҲһƽţˣһͳҰģֻ¾Ҫˮ¾ˡ
ӢܴԣǰԼʵһֱûóʽȴҲһЦԽ⣬ʽ˸裬ĳҰŪ󡣡
ӢԣһЦ㲻뷽˵֪ԼûгΪԴ˵ԣὫغѪŪԼ汲ϣȻ뷨ý˶ԼȺʩչʽȻһϳ书մνѪ౩¶ȻΪ̩ɽɵȴмӰ졣
һֱڷǵ˵ĻһʱĪɵõʦ֣ʲôʽô֪
ǽһʦãԵʣ㲻ضʡ
ۼɫԡ㲻ٶ˵ˡ
Ӣȴһ̾ۺųơɲƷò书Ů֮ΪѵˣΪⷽǣȴһֹУӢδޡȻ˼棬ȴҪܵ˼֮࣬ǿ̩֮ɽɳһ鵫µķǣȴ֮ˣǵʦϺͽ۹ҲǲֻǴʦ֡ʮȭ޹˽ѵУӦ̩ɽ֮ˣϧղڳ¥ϲûпˣѾˡѪ°ĪˣĪĪԸ޹书ߣֻ·𣬻ǻᡰʽķǵĶ֣ڵԼһξˣҲΪ塣
˳УȴѾûʲôɱˣЩɷİռңʿǣжżΪ£ƺǺңɷĳǳҲѪϴǣȫڵأеػڴ
ڽͺ֮ǰңʿ͵õ˾棬ɷʿ飬˺ɷİգܵϳͣ϶Щ߷֮顣
һ󣬾ͼ˾Ÿĳ¾Ĵӿ֮»ؽͺǣƽǰ濪·
ӢǰȥһҾԪ˧˻ѾˣҪҪȥ׷
˾Ÿĳûз£Ӣܣһ͵ĵ˵ͷԽúܺãǴһ˻ǰʹʮ뿪ˣ׷ҵ˻ںͺǵйȥȻаš
Ӣ֪˾ŸȻյʲôӦһ
ʱƽϽһҾóԽҴˣں档
˵˾ŸһָȹȻȴǷ֮Ǹоսգȴ޷һչԼ磬Ӣ֮֮С
Ӣ˺ȣ˸ͷȴ˵ζȳʱʵһҰģĸ׸Լһȡ֮ôζһκܳʱѪɱҲԴչķչȴԼϣԼĳˣԼҲĿǰľһս֮Ҫ뿪ңˣȻǿղ游սԶοǣԽȵĸԽμӼսΣʵ̫ˣĸоӦúԸǴΣ֮֮֮ͬϧ֮а
ŷ˼Ѿ˾Ÿĳݵ˺ͺϲһĽ⣬ȴǹ˻ںͺйˡ
йȴģӢܵģҪһЩ
һͶɷʿš˾Ÿֱӵй´֮ãȥټǰ
һСʱ֮󡣸ȫˣԼʮˣŹְȼ߶վԺһģʿҲ˹֮սȻ㲻ѪսҲԴ̵ζдܡ
˾Ÿ룬϶¶Ŵʤ̵ϲáһĵλͺȻˣ˻ҵӻһû𣬶ҴԽԽСģϰŵİ̽Ŀǰ޷ȫ˽ĲƣǧҪɾǡ
ʱֻ˾ŸһҾ˾Ԫ˧˻ȻƻôܱȵϻıټǵľݴռƣⳡսǴ˶ĩɷΨһܹҾľǺͺʥǣ˻ҼȻӳ˺ͺǣ˵Ȼȥʥǡʥǲ·̣Ӧʴǰȥһʥǣ׽ס˻ǧвܽ
˾ŸʥǣȷԽԽã˧ϵò˻ǹȻʲôĹûãһ̴ûеסֻҪСģȻԱ˧Ѿ˰ţڽֻܰҷԸǡ
ôһ˵´еĽ춼ĩԸԪ˧֮
˾Ÿгﻮóһ֦½Ӣ
Ӣû뵽˾ŸһͰԼæߵһҾֵĩӢܽԪ˧˾ŸԽ˧滢Ӫ¾£򾫱ΪȷʥǷ˧档
Ӣ˾ŸԼȷ٣ҲһϲȻԼ˾Ÿʱ˾ŸоȻӣ˾ŸҪɱôͻԹ˻ҸǲʵûбҪô
ȥӹĩ
˾ŸãԽ²˳٣ȥ滢Ӫ¾գ򾫱Ի㽻ӣԽǻӢ£ȷٺòҲΣյý˧˼ȥԸ㴦СĲǣ˧Ҳø﹫
ӢһҾлԪ˧ģĩһжµء
˵⻰תҴȥȴټ滢Ӫ¾ȥˡ
ʱ滢Ӫ¾ڳУӢҵƽǸԴǰͺڵУۡ
һСʱ֮滢Ӫؽú¾ѾȫУڣ滢Ӫǧˣ״ιͺʱǧι˽һǧʣǧˣ¾һֱоδսǧʿһδҪȷе˶ս滢ӪĽúԲ˵ͨҲѡ˶Բİ
ֹ˰СʱӢɼƽ£ּһȺУ֮ڣȴͷһʮ꣬ףǿ׳һ׵Ľ
ǽӢܣæһԾӢһҾƷ챪Ԫ˧ǰһԽš
Ӣ͵ˣ˵ͷãʿȥжӰɡ
ǽһҾ
žͷһ滢Ӫ¾֮
Ӣܼȷȫ룬˵㽫̨ҰʱܵƲأȻֳִ
Ӣ̨µһһ£ȴԼ¾е룬ݼ࣬Ҳ滢ӪĽúȻǿɶӡβ룬ʿв磬Ҳһ̾𵥴Щúһʮ࣬ݣڸֵս֮¡滢ӪĽúҪսʤ¾뽭ֻҲֻܴƽ֡
ʱˡ˾Ԫ˧֮ʶΪȷʥǿȻգȴǵܹңռס̵¡ұж֮ʱսɳҲԹ޺
¾ʿǸƽӸѡߣǰδսֻܹĦȭƣѽ滢ӪеĸɵӶսģҲ뱨ѩޣֱȡʥǣû˻η塣ڽҲ˾Ÿŵ֮ʿ̨½˶һӢܵߺսɳҲԹ޺սɳҲԹ޺
ЩҪôǾ׳֮ʿҪôǿտĺú˽Ѫڣһ𽫳ӿһʣȻֻȴͬʮһ㡣
ʿӢ֪Ҳٶ˵ʲôϻɸƽ¾Ϊǰ첿Ϊ滢ӪؽúвӦյݣźͺ֮ȥ
Ӣź滢ӪУƺоʲôԵ쳣˷ܣʱ˻ΧսҲʱ˻Ӧţ㣬Ǿӡ
˾ŸѾ˸ӢоͼͼʾӺͺǵʥǣһҪĸǳأǰǡǡɭǡǳǣֻпԴһЩĶǳǽͰСǣɷҲûңôУ඼ɽҰӣũѣеûжˡһ·֮϶иɽɭ֣༫õ֮أ˾ŸѾɰȦʾӢҪرСs
н˰գһɽ𣬰ͼʾǰʮǰˣӢܼɫԼ޷֪ʿɽӪȴһѧġӥԭбʱӪȻԸյĵΪѡ󷲾ȫפɽȴױ˺ȻΧνġӥ󡱾Ƕɽɽɽɽ·Ҫϼӽ䱸ĿƸΡͱɽ䱸ɽϣͱɽϣ䱸ɽԽĵطҪرɽµĹȿɽ·ҲҪɱأк״Ҳȡʱ䣬ôͻΧߵáӥΪ
Ӣɽ²ϣֽɣʮһṦֳҹǰȥʮذֽ̽ƽԸˮԴϸ죬һʿѾĪҩһڿԲηҩȴҪˮԴŰͶйҩ
ȰЩȻһ£æױȥӪѯ̩ɽɵĶǷǰ
ûãױͻ棬ӪС
Ӣˣȴһ̾򼸴ζӹ֮⣬δսǰһΪԼֻԸܹƽ²źãԼΪʵڲ˽رչ˵ġ
˰ҹʮɳȥĽú½½ˣͬڲɷʿأѾһճǣɷİѾϵҰȥˣҳвκεݡ
Ӣܽӵ鱨Ҳ⣬˾ŸҲ˵˻ҪǷֱǣȻᱻңľӸƣʣʿȫʥǣӻʧܵʱ䣬ޱأҲ
˵ڶ峿ӢܾʶӰӪһСʱ֮˰ǣȻıҰѾӰ
ûãʹ˰ǣǰĿǶȥݵͼʾ밲а·̣һձܵӢܱ滢ӪĽúǰ漱п·
һ·֮ϣɽҰȻżһЩɷգңľӣЩ˵϶¶˾ź֮ɫææĶ㿪ǹ˻ҶЩ˵Щʲôҥԡ
ӢʿȥЩգһΪ򵼴·תһ룬Щ˵δûй˻ҵļϸְֻʹթҲˡ
ۿҪǣͼʾɷǳг˺ͺʥĳǳأ˻Ҫ赲ңľӣｫϼ֮ˡ
Ȼر˵밲ͬҲһճǡ
Ⱦӽ˿ǣӢܿ׳ߴֿһ˵ĳǽȻ֮УȴǸеĲҲӡ֤ϸڳǷеյĽһ񣬿˻ҵȷѾʥ֮ĵֿ
ڿסһ֮ӢʾɭǽɭԶʱܵǳǲմȥܹܿʥǣʱ˾ŸѾʴʼӺͺǳգӢܵӻϡ
ӿǵɭǣһ·֮ĳɽ룬Բɭ֣·ҲԽԽխˣҹȿڡɽ˵Ƕ಻ʤһɭֿɹľأӢܿˣҲǰԾģʱɳ̽Ӳ鿴Ȼûзɷκξӡ
ӢǲζУɳĬãŵԽϷһ£֪˵˵
Ӣܵǰʲô£ֻ˵
ɵϷȻûѧս֮࣬һҲɱһЩ̵ĵǴӿǵɭǣһ·յĵط˻ҪҾȻأʲô¶ûУϷܸеЩԾ


 330¡֮
ʱȻһ˳ӢȴʲôطԾԼһ뷨һƣñ֮ɢأأأнأأصأзأΧأءԼսĵɢءʱĵءҾռоռҲĵءҾҲĵءйڣ˵ĳǳأصءɽ֡衢ȶͨеĵءĵ·˵ĵ·ۣܹڶಿӣΧءٷս棬ٷսͻᱻĵءصءǵءΧأضҾΪǰһ·ĵʵںܶ࣬˻ȴȫ˷ȷǳɣڲûзľӣֻһСˡ
ɵ˵ͷԸܹ˳ִʥǣܹ˻ʥǵķжֻ̣Ҫ֮£Ȼܹ֮ơ
˵ţȴ̩ɽɵĴ׺Ҵҵĳ
Ӣжʱһݣ֪ǴԽŹһп̩֮ɽɵĵǰ޵飬׺˶Ȼǳʲôˡ
Ȼ׺ͣӢǰһҾֵԽʦǰٵʱ˵˵һ书ǿĴ̽ӣʦѾˡ
Ӣ书ǿĴ̽ӡһԣһæĪѪӣ
׺ҡͷǣ޹
Ӣˣæ
׺ǰ򳦹ʦѾ׷ȥʦǸͽĶ֣潫ˡ
Ӣһǿȥǰִ֡
δ䣬Ѿ׺
ǰ˴ԼһСʱңԽ˸ƽǧ¾͵һɽȣǵ·ۣ򳦣ɽȵߡǹľоͼ򳦹ȣ˾Ÿ滭ȦʾҪ̽
ӢܻΧû˶֮״磬ʦǸ׷ȥġ
׺ɽһָָͳ档
Ӣԣ˵״磬š
ѾӺȱһԾʱġɺ׾ű䡱Ѿ֮ڿз߰׸ߣȻƮƮһۣ͵һô֮ϡһ㣬ɽݳƺһ㣬׺ˣֻĿĺ
Ӣܳ׺ָķݣۿž͵ɽȴһյأյ֮ϣȴվһˣһֳֵһֳֽǷǣ£ȴһ߻Ѫܵʬ壬һͷΣƺ޹
ӢһӶ˷ǵߣǣô¡
˵⻰ƳһµǾʬ壬ȻǷǵĴʦ֣ʮȭ޹жദ˺ۣӦǱǵġʽɱ
̧ӢܣһȻĵ̩ɽŻ޹๼
Ӣеصǣڻóˣʽ޹ȻȻڴ˴ʲôͼ
ǽеһһף˻µĸѾ࣬Ҫ̽ǵ޹Ȼʲģ򳦹ΧѾϸ鿴ˣûʲôɵ
Ӣû˵ʲôȴԾɽ鿴Ҳûκεķ֡
һصɽȴѾˣֻµ޹ʬ壬ӢѣûʲôмֵĶ
ĬĬվɽŹȥֻɽеĵ·߹հᶳ򳦡ֿ˵ǰֲ飬صƣǱ˵ġ޵ء롰ءͨеľӼΪ
ʱһǾĹȵȫǰ˸ߵӲݰɽû֮ƣô⡰򳦹ȡľӾûĿܣյĵΣ˻ҾȻ֮أʵѽ⡣
ӢԽԽģʩչݶ£ȴ׺ڹеȴţ˺ȣ˹ȿڡ
һ󣬸ƽǧ¾еִˣӢǧˣ򳦹ȵɽͷפһǧǧʿټǰС
ʱӢܻģȵɴ滢ӪɵˡħһǧúɽĻʹʲôȻʣǧҲԵֵһ˾Ÿغ˵İΧ
źһСӢܲżǰУСʱ֮󣬾ͳˡ򳦹ȡ˹֮󣬵·ֽĿĸСʱ֮󣬾͵˶ɭǡȻǿյˣҲҲκεݣЯݻãǰ⡣ȫֱʥǣȻһطӪõ͵Ϯȵ˾Ÿĺһպǰ
ڶɭפһ֮ӢܴʣĶǧ˼ǰǰﴦǳˣоͼʾһ·Ͻƽ̹֮أиɽɭˡ
ʮ֮󡣱ͣפڵԳ緹Ӣڵߵһʯżױ󷹣ȴ۶
Ӣжʱһǰ飬ǽ֮飬Իǰʲôˡ
ʱֻһԾӢһҾԽе顣
ӢܴʱѾﵽ˾֮ɫδ䣬ֻվ磬ʲô飿
ǳеоء
ӢҲ⡣ǵͼʾǳǲ󣬳ǳҲߣڷأһ·֮ϣյأ˻Ҳɱȴǳפʵڲ֪«ʲôҩ
磬֪жپӣ
ҡҡͷҵɷձʹһʮˣûʲô𰸡
Ӣԣ˼תƲŹ˻Ҵ˾֮⣬˵ʱı⣬Ҫңľӽˣ˾ŸȦûлǳǣȴ˰˼⡣
ǳ˾ŸȻûԼ⣬״վûۿ׼ȷжϣӢ˼һ󣬾ʾǰȼǳٶ⣬滢ӪĽú̻سۣ쳣ɱ˾Ÿк뷨ʲô
ʿǳ극΢ϢӢһ£ҶǳǷȥһ·Ӣܲþӽе̫죬ſɽ˵ĶΣֱʱ֣ŵǳʮﴦ
ľ޷֪ӢȻþǳ̫ڸһɽӪԼȴɡƽ˲ǳǳȥ
ûһ󣬾͵ǳ׵ĵطȴһʮ׸ߵСǣǳҲ㣬ֻһţΧɽ޼ȫƽԭ֮УȷӦһ׹ȡĳǳأʱǳ¥֮ϲʱɼɷشչЩ֮ҲһЩſ׵ɷʿԼɼ޷жϳ浽жپӡ
ӢܹãһʱҲκξ˻صɽ𣬵˴˾Ÿ
һҹȥˣȥҹ·ܴ˾Ÿľһֱϣȴκǰ
ӢܴʱѾһֺܲõԤУԴʮ˻ȥ˾Ÿͨǳǵ֮˴ҴȥˣӢȴߣһֱɽѲţʿһСĽ䱸ŵ͵Ӫ
˵ڶ峿Ӣ׼ӪΪЪϢһ£ȻԶԶļҴһصɽ£гӦûûеǡ򳦹ȡ۷ˣо֪鲻
ȻһʩչṦɽϷݣӢҲһݶ£ڰɽһ𣬴硣ʲôˣ
ѾͷǺҲΪæԽ²á򳦹ȣķȻ˴صоһ򳦹ȣ죬һֺܿµ
Ӣжʱһʲôܿµ
䣬أǴһҺ֪ܶ࣬ʲô
ӢôݣһӦ̫ˡȻĵ۴ʱѾ컢ڡ󽫾ڡɻڵļڵըҩ䷽Ӧһ̿ǣ֪ңûзǿһֱõս
Ȼ޾ԣҪǹ˻ҷǿأҪأҪǹ˻췴ֵ̳Ǵأ뵽ӢܺȻоԼһ亹Ϊ֪˻ӵ˴ڡǻζʲôⳡսȫ˾ŸԼϣȽǾܹսֵġ
ʱӢܸ뵽ǴڣҲһǹ˻ҵһֿµ򳦹ȷ죬Ȼңľ⵽˷Ҳ˵򳦹ɽŵǧѾ⵽˵˵Ķ֡
ӢԽԽǾģҪ֪ɽϲǧ¾һһǧɵˡħĽúҪȻҪѸȫɱˣȻѪӴʿΪǵĿľΪ˧˾Ÿʱֻ¡ֻ¡
ӢѾ޷ȥʱƶȷļƻԷǰǳɷʿأԼʵǧʿǰȥ·׷ֻҪоķֱɱл֮£ܿҪȫ
ϵĹؼʱӢܳ˿Լӵ侲˾Ÿ˹˻ңΪʥأȴû뵽ὫرڶɭһҪңʮشȻһϹ֮ģǺʵҲҪѺϱҲ˵ӺͺǳߵʮӣһܵĵططҲȻǹ˻׼˺ܾõģ򳦹Ȳܽľˣ˻ҾңľκεĻᣬһҪ˾ŸʿȫһڳԵңʱʮ˾Ÿȴǰоʮ˺ʥǽ˾ʮӦ˻ҵĿһ˾ŸʮǰоҪס˾ʮľԮʮԶԶģһԭʥǲľӼ򳦹ΧսţǳȻоػԼǧ˵˻ǲ̫ϵģĵоһ̫࣬ΨһѡǳǰɷӻңľӼսѸٵͻΧ˰ΧĻᡣ
ӢĬĬ˼ţ֪ңľӴʱѾ⵽ǰδеԼһΪ֮ƣֻǾסǧ˵ˡǰǣĴľЯݲһ֮ãǳǼȻбȻݣΨһѡһ֮ڹǳǣܼȲоΧֵõݣǧ˵˿Ҳϵڴ˳ˡ
һУӢܲԥȫӪ뿪ɽ׼ǳǷ򿪽


 331 ɶǳǣ1
ȫ֮ʱӢټɡƽ̽ԼĲ²˵ˡ
ӢܵĻڽûвʧɫģҲ֪ڴ˵أлȫͬӢܹǳǵļƻ
Ӣ֪ʤˮһսĵȥʿ˵һСʱ֮еʿõ˴ϮԼҲлϢ˶¶˳Ȼ֮ɫÿһ˵жƽѸˡ
ʱȣСʱ֮󣬶ǧѾųִﵽǳ¡
ǳǵĳ¥̴֮˼ٵĺŽ֮ÿһⶼ¶һֵӰлһЩ֡
ӢͣǳԶĵطóм޷䵽ȻɡƽȽϸ۲¥˼Ź֮
ƽһȴһ̾ԽǳȻߣûκιǵҲ֪жٵоʵԹ
Ҳ˼ȻǰУеľӱȻǣҾҪǽһ󡣾ǿĵоɱ޴ˡֻҲҪȫ𡣡
ɵȻмˣѾҲֻһƴ
ڽβ֪Ŀǰһʱ֮䶼üͷ
ӢһֱĬĬǳ¥Ȼǰټ滢Ӫĵ֣׼ǡ
ֵ߽þ﹭ڻ滢Ӫǡ
һ㶵ԽǳӦߣṦҲԾȥ
ң԰ضλʮΪһɣһԼΪʮףִʮѾɣҲʮ׸ߡңṦ֮УɡЩһҲһԾףӢѧǡɺ׾ű䡱ԿϣҪԸЩܹﵽףѾṦļˣҪʮ׸ߵĳ¥ȴΪ
ӢɵĻ˵ͷͣţ滢ӪϤѡʮǿ֮ʿѡʮṦǿ֮ʿһԡϵúãܹȥ
ɻǲôףԽ˼ǡ
Ӣܵǰ룬ʮڹǿ֮ʿ¥ԾܹԾɣʮṦǿ֮ʿԾʱȻܹǵͷʱʮڹǿ֮ʿһ̣ܲܵϳ¥ȥ
ʱ̻ȻһֵðԽӼʮṦֵȷܹϳ¥ġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷֵǾдȥٽЩ£滢Ӫĺúܹϳ¥ˣٷֳһȥ򿪳ţȫУܶԷжˣҲֻһƴˡ
ڽԲ̰֮ӢѾ˹֮˾壬ȫһҾĩ
ʱ΢΢˼ܿͰųǳ¥ʮˣǡУһԼɵˡҰ׵ӡɵˡӰơȽ޵һĸ֣һ˾ŸˣҪʮȴӢܵǰٵˣһս¹رһҪȥġ
Ҳ֪ʱӢܵѾܺͻѪһϳ̣ҪȥѷȻ༸ʤ㣬͵˵ͷְʮڹ֣ȥеǰ
һǡӵȶʮ˶ǰ棬Щ˶ϽɽӢܵ˼һ˵˱̶ˡ
ӢѾǳ֮ϵǳǣ̵ܹʱ³ȥ򿪳ţԷڸʩչṦǳ֮ʱԷеĹȼ֮ϵĵо䣬ȴһֲڻԼ˵ǳǡ
һаϣӢһ£Ž˳֮Ҫ֪¾뽭ǾѡǲսսǼͨʿ֮ϣÿ˶ЯŹǳǲߣȫǵ̷Χ֮ڡ
¥ϵصоȻû뵽ôңʿἯһطļ䣬ǳϵĵо׷мأһƬţҳһţż¶Ӱ
ӢܼʱˣһХʮԾ˳֮¡ʮڹԾЩڹֽǽ֮ˣṦԲ̫Ҳܴﵽϡ
ȵʮ˼׹ӢֳХһԾɵҲ׷
Ӣϵǵʱ׾ѡ׼ҵż꣬Լͷҽż˫
һƣͨҲܹסӢܺε֣õһ֮ӼٵƬ֮䣬վ˼֮ϡ
ңӵӢܵϳ¥ԲᳬһӣЩɷʿڶܴϢƺǴӢܣһʱҲĿɿڴﷴӦùӢѾγ˹ͷ볤ԾȺ֮У䣬Ŀͷڵϡ
ʱɡǡҲѾ˳¥ֱΧɷʿЩ˽һĸ֣ɷʿֵܹƬ̼ʮ˱
Ӣܵ˵ϽԸгһվȽţٽ̽ȥȻ󽫸Եıһѩ⣬סǰɷʿļˡ
ӢѾ͸ƽ뽭ãȵϴ滢ӪĽúʣȻüѹסŵøɷʿ¼䡣
ʱ¥ϵһЩɷʿңľҲѾԼĹΧ֮ˣ㿪ʼüʯ·ңľӲʱʿսм߱ʯҡ˺һȻڻ滢ӪĽúǳǡ
滢ӪǧˣʱѾ½½ĵ˳¥¥ɷʿսһиȥСʱǧ滢ӪؽúѾȫ˳ǡ
Ӣʱһų³ȥȴеɷʿźųˮӿӦò򣬶ɷ˵ôһСǣƵرˣѪʿУһڽúܹһʮս֮УɷҲӲãӢܴһһĽɱһѪ·
һСʱ֮Ѿ˳¥֮£Ӣܵһһɷʿǿ˹Ƶأûܹǰ֮ڣʱϡϡϣѾȫ˵˵ѪǸմѪһ˼֮壬ЩɷʿҲȷ׺Ȼо⣬ˣȻһӿӢܵĴСͨȻԴԴϣ֮ߣȴչѪ֮ͣĻӶǧٴΣѾе΢΢ģȴûκεĻ֮
ʱƳǾԼ󣬳֣ɷʿҲǺݶȴ̩ɽɵġȻҲǽеľȻûǡʽ
ʱӢܼǰһɷĽгһɫӦһȻԾ𣬵ǽͷ
ǽӢܺȻԼͷϣʱʧɫ˫ȥ
Ӣʩչšɺ׾ű䡱ӺȻڿһۣǽĵƶʱ˸ա
ʱӢһȣȼɨǽţӢܴǼӲսѥһǺεֻ֮ǽžǺȻһ㣬Ѫ׵Խһɽ
֮ʡӢܸýֵһ֣Ӣһ˵ϣǣӵ
ǵĻŷǼȥһʱ˼С
ӢʱѾڵϣӳɷʿնǣʲôʱˣ㻹뱣ʵóʽ¡
ǽӵӢܵĴȡһ˸ܿľһҧ֣ʱҲҵ󽣣һ־һСŭξѩӳ̴̴һɷʿţһɷʿͷ­
ӢܼóˡʽִǡɱǰѳŴ򿪡
ԣȻһԣѾ߿£ִˡ
Ӣ뷽ǵĵ·ǧú֮Ѿ˳֮Уܿͽڳڵɷʿɱ˸ɾӢ뷽תȥ׷ɷʿɱһЩúȥ鿪ǵסŵľ޴š
ŵĳ鿪ǿĳžͻķˡ¸¡챻ƿˣضң͵һʱ̣źűʱɴһ滢ӪĽúڳ֮ϣɷʿ޷²ľʯûãеңǳǣʼɷʿվ
Ӣڳɱ֮ʣȴ˸ߺԽ
Ӣܻͷһȴƽһǹһƥ󣬶ԱߣһīȾĺȡ
ҲƵӢܣȻ㷢һ˻Ӣ֪͵ȴһˣһԾѾﵽ˺ȵϣһݣѾ˳ȥǰɷʿɱ
ʱɷҲųŴȳ˻һѾЩӭ˹ȥӢҵ󽣣ÿһУǿ磬ûܹס߱ɷԵµأһ·ǰӢܾɱһѪ·
ʱѾ˰࣬ңľӻûиϣѾȫɷʿİΧ
˿̵ѾжϳӢңӵʱģָʿӢܽȴǷֳ·ֳֳǹԸӢܣȴЩ̵ֳֶĵ֣Ҫȵ㡣
ӢܴʱѾʶԼعͷ볤̫̣սһȻ嵽󣬿֣һóǹһ̣ѾУǰһݣʱǹײ˵ǰĻľϣľʱѣҲײɳһԶڵϿѪѾӢ࣬Ҳܻˡ
ӢϹ˳ǹһɨʱֻһ֮£Ҳɳһײ
ʱȴһΰڣһ񣬴׵ɷ彫ֳһµۡҽţԼͿδѾ˺ĵӴ˻Щ
ȻӢ˵ûзһúá
ǹµһӭֻá񡱵һ죬ǽ조ѽһµѾи߸߷ɳӢܳûлعѾһǹ̶ĳֵǿʸǽܹܹһǹк˽
Ӣʱһ죬ѾסµʱֻǳǹǰΧƽ˼һȥХǹӰٵɷͬʱҵǹ
Ӣ˴УղʩľǡʽеһСǧҡʵܹó볤ǹʹƺûԼ
ʵ֪ǣ书һǴһģԡʽѾ¯ĵزѾе⾳پڹеʽκεıõжһ޶ˡ
Ƭ֮䣬ѾʮɷӢܵµ볤ǹ֮£ʱҲӺ濿˺ȣҪȣӢܴϹȻ֮նɱ
Ӣսľ黹ḻʱɱǰԺȵȴһʱûз
ȱ֮ߴСַ游ĹǰԵЩݣӵе뱬ǷͬСɣ־˱֮ʣȻһ˻ֻȺȻһͬʱֵزһ֮ڽе֮£ɷʿܳܣ˫˫һ׿⣬ڵʹķţعѾĶˡ
ӢܸоȵԾعͷȥڵϵĵ֣ʱˣвɵýһգһĲҪǺȻ£ԼȻס
εĽѵӢܱ࣬ս֮ʱ˵۹·˷ԺȵЩֻûпͱµ볤ǹٴ̶
ɱһ洫һź֮ȴԼµѾɱʱӢܵѾ˽ɷʿʬף£ûһڡ
Ӣ˵Щɷʿн¶˺֮ɫҲղɵһӿˣ˿˾룬ȡ˹еֱ׼е׼˺ȡ
úȣӢָӣѾһɫ磬ǰЩʱ˸գӢѾ׷Щˣṉ̀ʮŹʿ
֮Уȴǰʮɷʿÿǣһźȵǰǰǰ߰˸ܹǰ棬Ҳ޷ܹ棬ЩʿҶףӢܻһЩ룬µ볤ǹҲһʱš


 332 ɶǳǣ2
ȵȥޱȣۿžҪղס㣬ײЩϣ֮ʱȴúһ˻㣬ӿٶȣȻһԾӢֻԼƼڿлһ󣬸˵ϣͷһƣԶЩǣŰʿѾ˺档
Ӣܼ磬ҲǴϲһȣġ
˫һУѾתЩǣŰʿɱȥֻһҽУƬ֮䣬ʮʿ;Ӣܵĵǹ֮¡
ɱһͷѾУ빥֮ʱѾĸСʱӢµɷʿѾ࣬µѾȱڣӢȺжһݵ
ʱĸ첲֮ѾԽԽǿˣȻھȻѾûǰ켲֪ⳡɱѾﵽԼļˡ
ʱѾɱǸңҰҲС
Щսɱ֮£ɷʿѾ޷ٵֿˣȴűʥǵķȥ
Ӣʿǲ׷ϣڳеУСʱ֮ǳǵս¾ѾҲɱ֮ˡ
ȻʱͼǶȻŨŨḷ́ܿһ˶ĵȳζ
Ӣڳв쿴ʿһỤ̃˵̨ϵ龰ʵ벻Ī龹ȻССǳҪʾѾסǳǡңʿѾŵҲ޷ˡ
ӢһȴԼ˵̵ģţԽĺ̨ġлеˣǿȥҳ
Ӣܻعͷȥ˵ǡɱǡҰ˿üűӣߵһЩңҲһ㣬Ȼܶģȴûһ˵أսû¡
ӢĪ˰һҩңȫʿս˵ҩһڿԲĪĶĪûдţĽⶾ֮ջʤֳö֮
ĪȻڳУһӢҪ򶫶ȥȴǱߴ˺Ž֮Ƿֵźš
Ӣܺԥź򶫶ȥûãһĽ֮Ǵһլﴫ
Ǵլ⣬ȴΧȫ̩ɽɵˡָӵǷǵĴ׺Ҳ档
Ӣܹ׺æԽĪ棬ʦѾΧסˣ˵Ҫ浱̩ɽĵӱ𡣡
Ӣԣ˵ǴլѾײȴŶں潿Դ磬ҪСЩ
һţͼһͥԺͥԺ֮Уǡۡ̩ɽɵгһȦʮΧУЩһŻ沿԰ѶϣֳһȵߣȴĪ飬Ա߶Щʮ׳ӣĵ֮ࡣͥԺһ࣬ڴȫǺںŶҺ壬ĻѾŪϨˡ
Īʱû¶㵾ɫŷǵշģǲǸĿ𳤵ֵܵ˾УǷʲô
ʱҵ󽣣ϵȻȵĪ飬ֵĪ嶾ţвͼٽ嶾ɱ˽ʮǵýΧ嶾ţȵõϢˣȴֻץסĪ񣬲Σһʥ࣬Ī񡣶Īм֮£ͶΪϵǰֻ֮Թޣûʲôֵ֮飬Īһоⶾ֮Ϊ˶Ը㣬ĶʧЧҲ㵽ˡ
˵Żһӣ̩ɽɵӾҪʮȫɱͬű
˿ֻվĪԱߵһʮ꺺Ӹȱ֣ȱ֡
꺺һ˵ţһߵĪǰʦԭ޳ܣԼ׵ܵҲҪǸ㣬ҪͶֵ𣬴Ӵʦͽ֮֡
˵⻰򷽰ǶЦһҾţȥұĪɱΣֺĶͽܣҪĪһϣЧңŽɡ
꺺ӣӢȴϵãĪĴӡ߻̩ɽһ֮Ե벻ջᱳĪ飬ʦ̳ͽܵȷҲʲôö
˵⻰ĪԱߵʮӷ׷׽
еĵǣǣĪ޲磬ǵʦ
еĵĪͿˡҴߡڲӪںûɱ˳벻ôͷˣǻá
еصţɱԵĶҲˣһֱûҵᡣ
ĪͽΣգȫԼһĻƿڴɫ࣬оŭɫ
Щȴһֱ䷢ЦЩòˣŻͶô
æͷǵȻĪѾǲ
ǵ˵ͷܺáȻҪͶǾҪܹɱĪ飬ҾͿǹ齵ȫɱڴ˵ء
ˣϽ˺֪翹̩ɽ˵İΧ֮Լֻ·һɱѾһֻĪҪ׶ˡ
һˣѾ¶׹⡣ͷȥƱʦܣɫԼһ㣬һ֣ʱ֮䣬ʮĪͽܾ͸ֵԼʦΧס
ӢҲǰͷԸĪˣˣǴ˾ҲԼ֮ġ
ʱѾĪ鶯嶾ŵ书Ȼ㲩ӶЩѧĶһ̩ɽɵָǿ
Ӣ֪ĪЩɱģԼ˷ĪĽҩȴûС
ţȻһҽ֮Ƭ֮ʮĪصӾ͵˵ϣÿһ϶ʼڣȴȫĪĶֻ֮вͬеǱصЫȶҧУеǱĶˣЩڼѪ֮࣬ʮʱ䣬ʮ˽ȫˡ
ǽĪֳʮӣǾ̩ɽɵӵʱĿѾﵽЦߵĪǰĪģ˿̻ʲô˵
ĪҧҧȻһɫȾŷǹȥʩչʽУͽĪȿķɣһ˹ȥ
ۿĪҪڷǵĵ֮£ȴĪȻһݣٵͳһɫĴƿҩ赹ԼУһֱѪֻѪͨҪںһЩ
ǳԹѪĴôжʱһ𣬾ͣס˽Ųû׷ȥ
Īʱ沿һ鴤ǣΪĪĽҩҾκβ㣬㣬ϵġϻ궾ѪǾԽⲻ˵ģѾ⡮ϻ궾ѪĽҩԼĸУ˭ҪմҵѪͱɣϴԹģһԡ
ŷ˸Χ̩ɽɵҲʼʶ˳Ī¶ЦҪȥǱȻҲ̩ɽɵĵΧţûʲôѾãֻϣܹҳȥ
ʱȴ˴Īġϻ궾Ѫҵԡ
˵֮䣬ȴƮƮһˣθߴ뺷沿ǷӢܡ
Ī鲢֪Ӣܷ嶾Ѿٶ֣ԼǰʱЦáӢܡȻҾ㳢ϷϷվһңүᣬҲ㲻ˡ
һ˵ţѪֺȻһѪƶʱһѪӢܶ
Ӣܲܲãͷݵ֡Լһ죬ѾȫסǵѪǰһƣѪĪǰֻĪͬһ㣬ӵ֮ϵϡһѪǱӢܱ÷صѪ࣬ۼûˡ
ƵӢ˰Եƥ̩ɽɵĵһ㶣žͻǵȴӹһ˿ɫ
Īʱƴǿ֧ǰȫѪһ߾ҵĴϢһЦӢܣҾһȪ·ϵ㡣
Ӣ΢΢һЦĪ飬ֻҪߺܳһʱˣضûõġ
ĪӢܵɫȷûκεж֮״ǶԷǽӴԼġϻ궾Ѫշ̩ɽӴ˼ξͳܲסѵĪΪġϻ궾ѪҲˡ
ĪѾ飬ڼȵʧ֮£һѪʱίڵأӶã˿Ƭ̾Ҫɥʱ˫΢ţȻǲĪܹȫȻʤԼ
Ȼ񶾣չҪˣӢ룬һ̾˹ȥĶߣĪз嶾ŵ嶾ȫѾٶˣġϻ궾ѪĪƲ˵ġ
Ī黹ӢܵĻʱŻĺǾ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ĪѪµİѾץץȫȻ޴棬ӢҲ΢΢˿
ʱߵӢܵߣһϲõĵֵܣƺ־˲ٰǻϵģеؾħҲδĶˡ
ӢܴʱѾȫ֪Լ书ﵽʲôľ磬΢΢һЦƲԶеĵ磬Էǵĵ֣֮
ΪѯʣȴҡҡͷһȻѾ̩ɽҵ¸ʦˣʦΪʦѩܣȥݶˣʽؼɱһţʵ̫ԣҵȶʦһ󣬲һ书ΣҵȵĶʦʦȻеҲȴǶʦ֮Ҳûзӵ£ȥ£̫Сˣ޷ʦֵĿԣֵܣʦֶԲ㣬ҪǸˡ
Ȼ˵ĻӢҲһ㶣ž뵽ʩչˡʽ󣬹Ȼǲ죬һٵĽЩʲôⷽԲƴټȷϺˣ̬ȴ䣬Ҳˡ
Ī飬ǹǳǣӢܳһϺȳ˴լ֪ǧ滢Ӫսˣ˵ٶ࣬ǧ¾սŰ٣˵߰ˡǽҲоǧˣЩ˶֮¡Ķǧڴսֻ֮ʣһܹսĲһǧˡ
Ӣ֪ǰɷֻºܿҪɱʿϢȻȥ˵ض򣬾Ϳʼڳ¥ϲǳȻ󣬵һǧسǣҲʵڹ١ӢѲ¥ʱŷ֣ʵǳǵķ׼üΪֵģǲľʯ͡𣬽Ķ˳¥֮ϡ
ȴһ̾ǳǳ˾֮⣬вʿԼɡЩ֣Ȼ˳¥ɱһͻƿڣҪӲйǡǧ˽ǾҲ޷ý˻ֻ붼û뵽Լʾǳǡ
սڼӢܲκεţƽһǧ¾ڳʳںδĿǮ˵Ҫġ
ƽȥӢֽ˴Щɷнռ¥ŴΪáسǵʵҲܴؼǿ
ӢɼѲʿǵĲȴ¥֮ϵʿֲ䣬žأ¥޶ҲҪʮһˣʱȴԶԶﲻÿʮҲһңʿ
ˣüͷԽҾرʵ̫ˣǵ˴Χֻز˶õġ
Ӣ΢΢˵ͷĹ˼Һγ֪Ŀǰ˵Ҫǰ͵ʥǣʥɷĶǣ˻ҿľӪ꣬̾ںͺ֮£ڵʵȥӲǼʯͷˣʱɭһȫ֪ҿ϶أǳ䲻ǳ֮أĿǰ˵Ҳֻдˣֻϣƽܹҵ㹻ʳ
˵ŻȴƽҴҵصϳ¥¶ϲɫӢܶʱףƽѾҵʳˡ
ûһƽѾӢܵǰԽԽҵʲô
ӢŴʱ͸һľϲǾ˵æ߽˵ʲô֡
ƽʳöʳԽĩڳҵ֣ȫǶ˵Ĵ㹻ʮ֮á
Ӣԣɼ໥һԼִͬЦðԭǳǾǹ˻Ҵʳĵطһ¿ڵˡ
Ӣֻһ˲䣬бһ˻ǳǴ´ʳôΨһĽ;û׼ʥңؾӾһսǽսƵ˶ɭһյĵΣȷõķܹ֮˶ľصӰ٣ңŵİ̽ȻûͳϢҲ֪˻ôģʵһƻµʱ뵽һ£ɷʳͽȱ֮Ȼǹ˻ҺòײŵõģҲ˵ڣֲĪ˻ڳУ˻֪ǳʧ֮һӲϧһд۶ôԼʵ֧ӣͽһȫƣпޱȵѪ֮սˡ


 333¡ɱԲ
ɡƽǷ֮ˣӢܳɫʱµʲôɵԽϷһʳʳãľһѻˣ˹˻ҵ˼ɷľ޷սҲ湦һˡ
ʱƽͷȫͬɵ
Ӣܳһ󣬺Ȼҡҡͷʱա
Ӣܴԣɡƽ˵϶¶˲֮ɫ̵Խ⡭Ϊʲô
Ӣûֱӻش𣬶Žƽλ˻ɴɱܹã
һ³¥ϵ龰ǵľȻ࣬ǿ֮ʿ滢ӪĺúַǷǳϵس֮׼üǳ֣ټֵЩĩûܹصϣ֮Ҿ࣬еĵطͲ̫䣬˷أջҪ˹ơ
ƽ˵ͷŵĵ˵òҾȻ٣ǲһо̫ࡣزʮܵġ
ӢһһصصڶɭǱߵȻ֪˻ҴĻǰطӦ֪ȷǰк˾Ԫ˧о֮У˾Ԫ˧ںҲµò˻ұȻ򳦹ΪģŹǰ˾Ԫ˧оȻס˾Ԫ˧ĺ㹻ľӦù˾Ԫ˧ֻ׶༪٣ҾҲȻ⵽˼һˣһ׼ʱ䲻̫ϵԽãԽ࣬ԻϾԽ˻Ȼʤһ̣վⲻһܡ
ôһ˵Աߵ˶ʱˣɵԽѵЩʳΪնĵо
Ӣһͷ˻Ҳ᲻ûʳڶɭһжزⳡսҲɣҪľҪʳҪЩʳǳǶ˵Ѿû˶ļֵǲ̫ǰġ
˵⻰۹һɨôһǾͺɱûʲôĻѾ΢΢ˡ
ɡƽβ֪ɷؾӽΪеʳƴʵȫˡʱ϶ֳ˱׳֮ɫӢһҾԽϷʮߣҲ˶ˣȥһֱæǿʤһЩҲǺգʱһĴ£Ҳ޻޺
ҲһҾǴӾˣڻϣʱһսĳδҪҵ޶Ȼչ˵ģԽĩһж׷㡣
ƽʱһ̾ԽδѮ˷绪ï緢֮ʱȢңŮΪޣΪǰƽȻ飬ǻʲô˵ģǳǽһɣҪĳԸ¡
뽭ʱӢޱȣƽĻҲԼͬĴԽҲԸȻ׷㡣
ӢʱѾһ֮ģҲٳǫѷŸƽ߽лжɷİգ
ƽв٣ĿһʱԲ塣
Ӣܵ˵ͷ߽˽Щȫϳȥ
ƽ֪ӢܵЩлɷļϸڳΨָһȷɲҾֵǣĩס
Ӣֵɷ˱ڳеػж٣
ƽжˣѾ˽ǼһˣֻЩʿ˲أڳҲǰ취
ӢܺȻ˴ȥеɷʿȫɱһ
һ㶣ܿˣȻɱ˱֮˵ʿҪǧңʿأҺѱ֤Щ˲ʲôģΧɷӹʱȻѣôǳֻʱѱŰճȥ֮ңľӹֻȫɱһ󻼣ҲòҪ֪ĹͷԵ˵ʴȣǶԼĲ̰
ʱƽֵˡԽǻڳ﷢һĲֿ⡣һЩɫ򣬲֪ʲôһЩɷ˱˵ЩǲǰŴʥأҲʲô;
ӢһжʱһɫһЩʲôط
ƽ֪Լλǳ򾲣й˻ҵĴʳҲֻǸһʱɫȻ죬֪ЩʲôͨĶæǵһ
Ӣֵ̻ϴȥ
ƽӦһ˳¥Ӣ۲ĶԼڸƽ֮
ܿ͵ǣȻһĶĿյأյϽһ֣ΧʲôûУʱʮ¾վ档
ӢܵǴǰһԾֱ߽Ǵ֮ڣһۣľһƬ䡣ֻҲһߴСľ䣬䣬ǰϷſ򿪵ľ飬ľзöںģֻԱСһЩÿмĸɲţʱﶼһǿҵĻҩζ
ӢܴʱѾסǡ䡱׵ȷ־ǹ˻ҵĵҩ⣬ҵǿˣֲķֵ̳ıȻֶڵǹ˵Ҫ̫
ʱһĴ֣֪Ȼһڵ˵˶ɭһڰ򳦹ϣ˵û˭ܹóҪ˾ŸڹСֻҲһȻѾõ˾Ÿһ֧ӣȴ֪Ƿ˾Ÿһʱ׶༪ٰ
ƽӢ¶֮ɫҲеǲԾϽԽѵ֪ʲô
Ӣܵ˵ͷ̧ͷ߽֪˵ڣıûУ
ƽԣʱһʧڣĩмأԸľСڡԪɹҲСػڡ⻹ʲôڡ󽫾ڣ˵ˣԶң˵ҪһֻҩĶӴңûзְѵѵ
ӢһͷװأȫǴõڵڵװľǻҩζһž֪Ǿƴ˵ġ
ƽ뵽йڵļأһӢܴԣæԽѵȥҩʲôط
ӢܲøֻͣǵʲôطҩѾҪˣڹ˻Ѿ˴ڣȻ֪ΣڵһС˵򳦹ȵķף죬ȻҾ⵽ڻشˣ˾Ԫ˧пܽ⡣
ƽֵװڵľ䣬һԽ˵ڹǣֵܲܵ
Ӣһأҡҡͷܣڻ֮£ǳƬ֮ͻᱻһȱڣҲӿûκεİ취ֹ
ƽӢܾΣҲǱ˰أĬһŵԽסرļƻ޷ʵˣһѻⵯҩ֣ȻƴһաҲ
Ӣûش𣬹һų߽ȥİϳȥȻеʳ˵¥ˣҪ׼һЩ͡
ƽ˾ŸѡӢܵĸ֣޶֮Ӣϵذţͷ˼һ󡣶ʱˣ΢΢¶ϲɫԽǲù˻Ͷ
ӢܼµԼ⣬͵ͷǳǵʳϵɷӵĳɰʳգ˻ҾдҲֲ֧˶ãܿͻʧܣǽеʳڳ¥֮ϣϻͣ˻ҪǸڣǾҪԼĵģǵػᡣɲܲúá
ƽʱһֵðԽǴҲó˻ȻܹϵҪʳЩʳû֮ǰһỳн˼롣ϾЩʳɷӵѪûѪǻ˶õģҪɷĿǰҵ״ֻҲ˶١
Ӣܲٶ˵˻ֵ߽ȥɣжҪѸ٣Ƶ˾Ϳˡ
ƽҲȡӢһҾʹҴҶȥ
ӢֵҩȻǰ˼ӷڵϵǸľ֮һö˳ȥԸʿû𣬸ž͵˿յ⣬ǵҩѾԶǰʮ״һ²ƵǽȥŷԵ
ֻһ죬ǰ泾ӢվǶǽѾǰʧˣӡȴֻһѡ
ӢܻعͷȥȴʮŵҩֵʿĿ࣬ڵȫ֪ʲô£Щ˴ûмըҩ֮һƣǲҪ£žȥ鿴ʣµĲпǣȴڱըĸҵһЩӦǰģȻִTmըҩȣңѾǷǳµˡ
ԹӢҲڹ˻ңֻСԱ֮֮ˣȫãسǣֶ˼ġ
ϺȣӢ»ص˳¥ȴɷİڸƽ¾ݴ֮£Ѿ׷ųȥҲвٵ˸Ůͯȴûκεսпսһ޷ָսģһеֻ㵽սĹ˻ϣҪ츣ֻɱֹɱⳡսұֻҪСĽں֮ܶڣң̩񰲵ģֻϧǿˡ
뵽Ӣܲӿһֱһֱ׳ǲ֪ԼжΣϵŶŮ˵Ҹǲص磬ȥҵԼףȥѰԼظǣǳǣס˻ҵľĿǰΨĵѡȻѡζսѪսΪúңûиĸûиǸԼûиеŮ˶Ҫһˣһˣһˡ
˼ӿ֮УǳǵİѾԽԽϡˣӳ¥ϿԼ¾ڰҰѲ顣
ʱȴµһ켱Ҵҵĵ˳¥һҾֵԽľѾִϣ
Ӣ֪ɷ˱ѾɱҲЩȻֵȥ߽Ҹõĵطǵʬȫˡ
ǽȥ
һȴһЩʿʳڳ¥һߣǸƽķԸ
ӢҪȥȥ̧Щ¥ȴȻһֱվڳ¥ɵԽԽ
Ӣԣæߵ˼ߣǰȥȻһ֮糾һٵǳǶжʱһǰ飬ǰûлرֻѾ⵽˲⡣
ǶԽԽǳѾ¥Ѿ˵ϮĺŽңʿ׷׵˼ߣ˹ȱֻӢһ£Ϯ֮н
ʱӢѾ죬ǳǶˣɷľǾǰģٽһЩӢѾЩĿ׾ңװҵǰʮ죬ӢϳԱȥȴһʧǵ£¡
ӢܵߵҲˣʧ£ǵľӣǵľӡ
Ӣ˴򿪳ţԼȴʩչɺ׾ű䡱ӳ¥һԾ£Ʈݣػ׸ߵʱҽǱһţѾı׹ķ˵棬ŷſŷǰʱӭʣȴһĳϵ׾Ѿ𲻿Ҳʱɼ߰ߵѪҲ֪ǵ˵ģԼģѿƲ⵽սĳ̶ȡ
ʼӢܣȻ㲵΢΢¶ϲɫһָǣһԾкԽ˹˻ǹǺòײɱġ
Ӣܴʱĵȴ˾Ÿæʵ£˾Ԫ˧ôˣ
ҡҡͷȫǽҲ֪Ҹǰ˾үүоʮľ룬ɽҰȻ˵˵ķǰʮֻʣôһˣȥоϣɱȥֻǰͻΧˡ
˵ȻֽץסӢܵļԽ㻹֪һرɱǺöʿϼصĻ״ڣ벻˻⹷ҵǿˡ


 334¡Ѫս֮
ӢʵĻ˵ͷ£˻лڵѾ֪ˣȥ׷Ҫˣ˵
˵⻰Լ˳ǣȻϹϳš
ʴЩѾƣ˼׷ѾݲϢӢܵİ£е˳¥ɢŷ
ӢܵɸţƽţţŶɭǷţʸԺŽΪźţ˴˺Ӧ֧Ԯǧʿȥʳϳ¥
ûü˵ͼǰлҳһǳǼ۹ʶʱСģǵ˵ˡ
ĺǴԽչԽӢܰƣӦòˣҪ빥ǳǣֻ졣
Щɷûþ͵ǳ֮£ԶĵطͣסˣȺ˼ģˣڶǳһ߹һָָ˵ʲôƺܲܽ
˺һЩɷûʲô˳˰Ȼ׷ϢӦǾݲǣȴԮˡ
ʱ䡣ӢܾͽԼǳǷֵһи˵ˣ˵ǳɷӴصʳڵԭɥ϶ʱԳ˷֮ɫȭͷðð˻⹷ǧ㣬ȴû뵽÷ڰռ͹ǳǣĲⳡսǻģʳὫʬΡ
Ӣ̬ܵ뵽ңĳӣҲĿеĻλһ̳ˡʱȴҪԼǳУʵǿϧ֮һ£һ⡣Ӧʡ
ʵ÷ڶʲôˣʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
ӢԼһһ÷뵽յʹɥµ£Ρǳչزסģ֮ңδӦԴΪأ֮⣬һЩˮ뿪˳ǣɽҵطʱȻʴ֮ʱһҪҵĻ
ӢܵĬĬһȴļ÷ѵΪǸ̰֮ͽ
Ӣһɫҡҡͷ£ҾûΪΪϲӡδңľʵڲǳǰװֻҪǵôսպúõңðս֮࣬ǲĳ֮Ը
ʱȻЦӢܵؼҵĺ÷ףΪңӣĿŽʿԡѪսɱʣԼȴȥa͵ⲻҵԸ񣬸ʻῴңԼῴԼﻹңĻʵۣοҪǴܡܡܡܡԶû˭֮£ҪΪȻѡһҺʵ̫Ҵս֮ңӴ˽ս£ֻҪĴʴȣʩȻͻᰲҵûңѾ޹ؽҪˡ
ӢǳҪ˵ʻûеһֵ÷Ѷģ㲻ȰˣҪǾһ𣬳˸֮⣬һֱĿˣܹѪսɳͬȪ˾飬Ҳһ£
ӢܼʴЦ֮󣬽Ŵ¶Լδľǿ֪ǰλƴʴȵӹԼһѪԣһֻ˲ž߱ع¸ңҲ֪һ˾ζĵġ
һˣӢҲȰ΢΢һЦȴһֻ֣˼Ҳһ˭û˵֯ȫͬЦȪ֮ж顣
һֱ˰ЩɷûзӢʶףڵԮɷԮٳٲǾ˵ɭǵķսûнʮǰѾս˾󲿷֣ô˾Ÿڵоʮ򣬹˻Ҿб֮ҪԵʮҲô׵ء
뵽˾Ÿ׶༪٣ʮڱӢжǱʹأеȥԮǰװ֮٣ֻܸҧĬĬĳ֮ʹ
䱸֮У˵ڶ賿ʳѾȫ˳¥߸ߵĶѳСɽЩһҲӢܳŵ˻ûнɡƽˣʹطӸ˵ˣ˵ȥͻը˵СҲǽŽɡ
ʱһĹȥʱ֣Ӣڳеլ鿴˵ʿһ󼱴ٵĺŽ֮жʱһ֪˵ԮһˣЩԮصҲζ˾ŸʮоҲѾ
ʱѾϾϸ롣˴լϺȣ¥ɳ۶ȥ
һ󣬾͵˳¥ȴеʿѾվ˼ԡǰţָһЩʿ׼ʹǳǵĵоʯɫȥȣѾ˼ֳͣⳡпѪȵսѾѸٵļ
ӢʱѾ˼ԣǰȻԴԴϵصо½½ĸϵһĴ͹е
һ󣬵оͽǳǷˣĿȺܵرƲ߰ˡ˻ҲǳǵʳϵԼòŽҵ׼һٶء
Ӣһֱŵ˵ĹеܿģͼԼҪҵ£һƥŵĳǳ֮ϷһԼһףֱʮ׵غɫÿԶһεĶǱصġ״ڡӢϸϸսʮʮŻ״뷢ǳǲ̵س¥֮Ҫըһȱڡ
Сʱ֮ɷľѾǳжϣΧסĲףȫʯ¥¥ȹеʮŻ״ȴӢʷصϳš
Ӣӣȴɷľ֮кȻóһ·ȴȳһһƥ쿥ףɫսۣĿڣףʮ֮Ľ죬󣬻߰ģʿ
ʱֻһǰ棬¥ϵˣɷʵƴԪ˧ʴˣ׳Ͷɱٻ翹Ҿ״֮£ֻзǣ·һ˼С
Ӣ֪ƴԪ˧ɷȥİ˴֮ףɷذι˻ܹɿɷľ췴˼ãҲɷг˹˻Ѫ֮ĵ˻ǰȻǶǳǵʳΪˡ
վڳ¥֮ϣҲɷʿţ϶Ƶʩöʳȱҵ˭֪ȾѺ˵ĲŮӣܹ˻ҵߥޣıԺ˰Ѫɱ壬̰ʵ޲磬ԹаʤϵĴʦʥǣ˻ǹסʬΣҲһڷΪʱΪԿɵõһ·Ⱦ
һϯӢٹһ㣬֮Կţ˵ϣȻڳ¥֮ϿһЩɷʿɫҲ֪˴Ź˻ıʵΪ壬㡣
ƴԪ˧ӢܣԴǣҲ¶˾֮ɫͷԱѯʡһָӢܶ˵ʲôƴԪ˧һߵͷһ߶ǺĽڵԸ
һǺĽų¥ϵԽԪ˧˵ɱ̵ķƷһһ˺ͺǣֹռǳǣν˸ΪԪ˧㣬ʶ㣬һ˲ţһڻǰر㣬ȻңҲǸƷְ֮ǹ˳Ҳڻ£Ԫ˧˵ϴӦ㣬պȹңѡǳأòĴӣȻҪǿࡣ
ӢԣʱЦѧİ˸磬ƴԪ˧˵ĻʵɵÿЦСβ࣬պңѡǳأòĹôɷضûйȥʲôţ
ʱͼƴԪ˧¶ŭɫ˵ЩʲôǺĽŵԽʵ֪֮Ҿ֮ûйɷңƽΪϻƻ״ڣ躹ޣ񻢶״Ѿý֪ңıԪ˧˾ŸѾǵĻ״򳦹ը÷ǣңǰ·ʮѾȫҾ˾ʮҲǻ״ڵĺըͺǣת۾ҪۼߣѾջӾ£ֱӦ츮ͷۣҲסǵػ״һ
Ŵ˵ĻӢʱ类УʹѽǵƲⲢûд˾ŸȻ⣬뵽λ˫ȫѮΪңĽΰѫϽ״֮ңӢ絶ҧ˾ŸظԲͬѾ棬ų¥µɷӣ˫ҪѪ
ѹһӢʶʱǱʹʱǿʹԼ侲һ侲̾뵽һ£˻Ҫ˳ǣһĿʳҲ᲻뵽ԼΣ֮ʱõķѸٵ˵ϳ¥Լ֣߾ǵ˻ҲܹסһʳִѡѪغʿʱԼûмǣʵЩ쳣
ʵļ磬£ȥţ֪ͨСķѪӴ͵ϮҹѪӲŷ߽뽭ҪرһҪϷźţҺùȥ֧ԮѲӡ
Ӣܵ˼ʱֹס˱ˣ˵ͷãϹȥѪʿҪ͵ϮҲҪϡ
Ӣҡҡͷ˵ǳϴǽ͵Ļѣղûзֱ𣬶ҵĵľǷпܻ֡
˵òæӦһʹҴŸƽĶŶȥ
ӢرӰʵȻûмΪңӣżյġеؾħ⣬һὫ书ڣ̫ġ
ʱֻعƴԪ˧ЦƣҺúõţǳеʳѾ˰ᵽ¥ˣźҲУһֻͣҪȼһеʳڰʱ֮ڷپǲţ㾡Ļ״ںһԡ
ʱҲסˣ˺ֱų¥ϵӢܣţҪҶʳ˧ʬΡ
ԽżӢоԽеףִЦչҪʬʬһûʲôֱƣθŹ˻һ췴ԼӲһֻļҲⲻ֮꣬洫ĸ붼ˣ˵Ŀ⣬䱿ʾ齵ڻǰ˵˵ûһҲΨһĻᣬһԵĻͺúÿǡ
ƴԪ˧ӢܵĻһŭ˵ȴӢɷ廰ɷľѾڿʼƶһЩ̧ݻųʿѾǰ档
ƴԪ˧׼ˣӢܹһ¾룬ų¥һٶңҲϣһһӲ
Ļһʿݹһѳ
Ӣܵ´׼ңƾһ
ֻǳˡಡһ죬ǰĳƶȥ
Ȼˣʵһ㣬ôԶľ룬ȻĿ꣬ѾֱƴԪ˧׵ĵϡ
ƴԪ˧Ȼû뵽м䵽ǰʱһҲ˾˻ƴԪ˧һʱסһӹԱߵļϽһЩʿþ޶ܵס
֮ϵңʿı˾ˣȻûƴԪ˧ŪöԷǱʱ
ƴԪ˧ʱѾվҲ֪ڿʲôֻþ֮дսļ֮ЩǵɷʿѾʼˣϰټݿʼϳ¥ĳǱϣǳ¥¥ǳûлǺӣҲԽԽȻûжʮ𻢶״ڡӢףЩʳ˵൱һҪޱȵʣԷȻ֪ԼпҪ˺ƱֻҪʻڣͲôģɱֻҪԷʹǻ״ڣǳס˴ӵļƻͶ˼ְա
¥֮ϵңʿ׼˽еľͿʼеıųȥݳſеĸɴֱӵ͡ЩңʿȻ٣һǽǾǿ֮ʿǶĴ˱ˮһսı֮ģƴټǳǽСɷҲ޷ȫľչһʱ֮䣬޷ϳ¥


 335¡֮ս1
ս֮Уʮ¥ų¥ֻ׾ˣÿ¥϶ʮˣۿžҪϳ¥
Ӣƣڴ˿̣һľ䣬óöװըҩһһ׼¥ĵײȥֻá䡱¥ĵײѾըķѣʱ̮ɷʿ˲ҽ֮׷ˤ˵ϣ㲻ҲǽϹۡ
ɷʿѾ˻״ڵûʲô¥ϵңʿʶһʱ䶼ǵɴ۾оβ
ķ¥϶ɢ滢ӪĽúӢѾһЩڹǿ֮ʿͶӢó˾ˣϳЩͶĽú׷Ч£Щ¥¥ȥֻþ޴ĺȻ֮ڶһŵĻ֣ϳǷĳ¥¥ȫ˸ɾȻҲ˾޴ıը죬ɡƽҲѾڰ̹ķ編ơ
ʱȴøƽĶǷ˼ٵĺŽӢܴʱɫҲһ䣬ԼĺŽ֮ǱѾ˳¥ϵòӦѪĺʿˡ
Ӣ֪Ƕ¥ʧأһ򿪣еļƻҪǰ̴Ŵ󲿷滢ӪĽúŶűȥʩչˡɺ׾ű䡱Ṧһ߰ףǿ籼ס
ת֮䣬͵˶ǣȴ¥֮ѾҳһţǧĺʿѾǸղŸƽԳ¥ĺը̫٣ѾԶѪһС
ӢܴʱҲ˼תѪӴЩʿͻƳɹԼǺͺһ˵ǳǵ㣬ԽԽصӿȻѾдʳɷУʱɱѪӵˣǳǾûκεƾ֡ʮ𻢶״֮£֮ͻᱻ俪һȱڣǳǱҲסʳȴջһϡ
Ȩֻ˲䣬ӢѾ˾ҪѪӼʿ¥ϾһսѪµİޣԼлɡЩһ֡ŻѪӡ
ʱѾ˵ǰɱȥѪӵǳǣܵУֻԼȥסˣԴӾϴںͺһս֮ѪҲûйȥη壬ڲಫҪʱ䣬ֻҪ滢ӪĽúɱ˺ʿѪҲֻһ;ˡ
ʱ֮Ѿε죬Щʿʽͱ̴򿳳ΣӢȴսһǰߡһߴҲҪңЩϳ¥ĵ˹˶þͻᱻҪס£Ҫõĵо滢Ӫ˸
ʱ뽭Ѿǵһ滢ӪĽúǲ˹ѾȫѹסЩʿʿӢܵĴҲ׷רĶԸԴԴ¥ɷʿ¥ϵƶʱȶ
Ӣǰɱ˽ףȻһŮ壬òŴɫխ侢װֳһһʿɱȴǶԱߣ׺װ֮ҲڲԶĵطɷĺʿսһ
ӢŷǴʱѾֳֳֵֽǡʽ֮ңʿʽͻǾ׵ĵ֮£ҲǰԵͷⷽô˵ɷ֮սлй͵أҲǸث֡
ĵȻǶǱȥȴԵеһʮҵĺʿȻݣȱٱ仯ֲ뽭ϵֲ࣬õ˹۵洫̩ɽɵľѧѾϰʮ֮߰ˣټ֮Դϻۣǿһ书Ѿʱõ̩ɽĴɽеءݣ仯ˣѾȫѹסǺʿÿɱ֮ȴǽ飬ϳУǺʿĴƴкôλ˶
ӢҲ׵˵ľأǲܲսˣԵ²˺֣һַ·ĵˣͻżΣա
ӢһԾȥߣһΧĺʿ̣һ߸ɱܶԵ飬º֣˽ˣض֡
ӢԼԣɫʱһϲǺʿһУȻԴ磬ҡ֪ûְ
Ӣ֪ǳǵس֮սʮֵĲпᣬܷɱʵԱԱĳԸԸҡ
죬ĶʱһæԴ磬ҵȻˡ
ӢܵǺáЩʿ˵ǳǵ㣬úʿϣǳǾͻᱻƣҲǳǹҲʦҪһţֻƴһսɱˣϷʹڳУȵʦս֮ȥɷͶ飬ʬ
⻰˵üأҪҲ֪ЩʿǳǾˣӢʦȷҲֻսһ;ںģҧӣһšеһС콣ŶǺʿȥƮ仯֪η
ǺʿѾסĽԼͷ޷жеʵæɷſһܣĽȴϣǺȻΪ̣գۼ͵˺ʿʺ
ǺʿܹܵùһСѪһҲ߾ɵڵأȴǱһ˺ϣ
Դƣֵù裬ȻΪˣȴûпɱ䣬Ӣܵڳɱˣһʱ֮Ҳڵ½ǺðѪغʿʼ΢΢ز
Ӣβ֪ԸԸ⿴崿ŮɱˣпʵݲöѡȻ˴սȥɱˣǵȴɱ
ʱһʿѾĵĵ˶󣬳񲻶ɷоĺļ̶ȥ
Ӣڣ͵Ϯóѣʩչšɺ׾ű䡱һӶŹͷǺʿɷУŹһС¡Ǻʿܹƽ⣬֮ͱĳǰ
ӢɱǺʿִסҪҺʦģס
˿̶ѾعӢܣʹĵ˵ͷԴ磬˵ˣҴˣ֪ô졣
˵⻰ȻǰһݣѾסһ߳ĺʿһӳꡱȻȴֱ˵֮ѾԵղѾǴвͬ
Ӣܼ״΢΢ģ֪ƽȥǼǰѰȥ
ִԼ˰ңʱѰҵĿ꣬һŻɫۣʮ꣬ӲݳֳɷеӣѪӡ
Ӣû뵽ǣʱԸѪӵʣֻһѪɱһǽڷǵġ֮£ÿһꡱ죬ǿһ֮ҲѷɫʱۣӦƽʱ˶֮ʡ
˵ʵӢȻ֪ʵӦòû뵽ܹﵽ˾أֵܹסѪһӣһܡ
ʱֻѪӵʣ벻Ὣ֮ѧȫ㣬ܹͣӹҰʮѾѵãֻϧⲻһ
Ȼ˵ŻȴͻȻһ䣬ãٿٿңǳɷеұѾΪΣȣѾﵽļޡ
ӢѪѾν֣֪ǡʽ֮⣬ӦþѪľֻǡʽʵ̫򲻵֮ʱѪǾᶯą̃ѪóУҲǵֵסҺʱֽס书ǿ̨ʱԼв磬ֻ̾Ҫա
ȻѪ˹Ѳļ֮¡ʱ֧穣
Ӣܴʱɱʿ⣬ٲҵ飬һѪӣ㡣
δ䣬ѾԾѪӵͷȥϴκͺһս֮ѪѾӢһΪƽУͻȻԼǰһ书һʣһʱӲӣæԾӢܱ֮䡣
ѪԵ˿ӢܣˣȷǱˣ֣˵֮꣬ҲǺУǳǻѾ־ڱصáԾвҲվһʵڿϧܹ֮齵֤ĳɾֻڻ֮¡
ӢܴʱҪʱ䣬滢Ӫĺúʿ˸ƣʾǰȥսȻһЦ˼Ҳ˵ҿһ֮£֮ˡ
ѪӼʵƣβ֪ӢڹסԼպͺһսáʽҲɱ˴ˣվãԷѾ֪бɱ֮ʵûаܹսʤؾֻ֣ܱŽ֮˵ˣµ˵ͷ˼
ӢЦѪӣػֻҪɹ˻˵ɣӦҲֻҿոһ
ѪӢܵĻƺЩɶҡҡͷӢܣʵɹ˻˵ȫԲΪ˳ڻթֻҪӦ˴˴Σʮа˾Ż
û뵽ѪӾȻ˵ĻģӢҲǰ죬ô˵ҲŹ˻ңȴҪˡ
Ѫӻĵ˵ͷһֻҪӦʵ£ûΥʦѪħڱ֮ʱҪģɷ屻ƣһҪ뷨ɷ帴ˣӦˣ֪˻ıʵܶʤ٣ҪӢܣӦ֪˻ҲܺȣԶҪɱʵ練ƣʦѪħʥ巢ģ˻Ҳһ֮£֮ϣұȻɱԸɷ壬ԷΪʡ㲻صİ˴ɷ廤峤֮ףλ֮ϣ˴Źˣ̰ɫûʲôӲͷηҶη˻ңֻҪһɣ˻ûüֵҪʵۣҲҲ񡣡
ӢҲ֪ɷ˷ǳעطģǰӴȻסװյѩʱҲʥ巢ģѪӸԼʦѪħ˵ʵȻǵˣĻӢҲа˾ŷֵţµΪʣѪӣѵԹ˻Ҳô
ѪһЦ˻ˣȻҲı㣬̫ҪǴһͳɷշɷ֮Ӣܣ̩ɽɵΪĪѾȫ˵ˣıһѵõغúӣʵۣȹ˻ʵ۸ϱ֮ģɷ֮Ӣܣⲻ֮ѡһĻᣬһ˭Ȩ֣ƵΪҪ򲻽֮źҲǱ֮ź
Ӣֻ֪Ѫ书ߵ˿ֲûӴ֪ķΣһϯӿһ˿֮⣬Ѫӿ˵ȴоݣмɿԣ˲òţ̵ֲİǺˣȴصظ˲书ҲǾ뵽ѪӲɷˣҲɷʵ۵ѡѪħΪɷ˺·ȻǾ˾ϸѡŶѪӣѱûƵ֮⣬˻ҽƻǽƻν벶ȸںʵʻѪӵУĴɷ˴ңֻҪѣøҵ³
ЩӢҲǰ֮̾ӿ£Ѫӣǹ齵ʵ۵ǲңΪ˺ͦʵڣֵһţգұ㵱ʵۣһʲôĵһǸٻΣ
ѪԣʱһӢܣΣ㶼Ǳ͵ˣĹ齵ʵҲգʵҲգκ㣬ʳԡ
ѪЩĻӢԽŹ˻սΪ֮󫣬ֹһЦѪӣҪҹ齵ҲԣҪӦһ
ѪеȷмּɵˣԶʱһϲæʲô˵ǡ
ӢҡҡͷʵۣȻģ˻ʣ˵һˣܹҾ齵޶ġ
Ѫӵã˵˭
Ӣ˫Ķסص³֣
ѪӶȰӢܣûϣȵ³֣ѾΪ͵˴Ҫѳˣûٶ˵ʲôֻĬĬؾɷС
Ӣ֪ҪѣҲʮ־񣬻ľ˵ǡʽеĵһСޡơ
ʱֻѪӷһХѾԼɷпѸף磬ӢһһеĽƶ֪Ӣܵĵϸһ־ȫ


 336 ֮ս2
ѪޱȵʽӢܴʱԸѾ˾飬֪ǻзأֻҪͻᱻò˼ĵƱƵæңȫȻ޷óֻΨһӦ֮Թأ½ʽ֮еġŭξѩǧҡ¡ȫʽ˳ԹԹԷԼ˶һһʱǲֲ٣ѽѷ֡
ʱսҲﵽµĶ壬¥ϵĵͬ˳һһӿƺⲻǳǾֹͣɱ֮أڶҺó¥滢ӪĺúѾʿȫѹסңʿܹȫԸĵоÿͻ˽ȥڹǵɷʿ̫ܼгըҩ֮⻹мӲһըƤĽгƬƬɷʿ˵ϣ˹ǵѹ¥֮£ѾʬѣѪɺӡ
ѪӴʱѾӢܶһУɷľӾù£أϲŭɫʱɫҲ΢һߣѾſи߸ԾǺɫɷڿȻ䷢ҫ۵ĹâӢܵͷݺǡʽĵһʽħʽӢܼǡʽƽҲĥƽ֮һֱѪӵĶһԾѾ׼ʱʩչšɺ׾ű䡱ҲȻݵһɺ׾ű䡱Ṧ֮۷壬ȻѪӵҪǿƬ֮׷Ѫӣһͷ«µ£ѪӵԴȥ
ѪӵġʽħʤʤԿʤ似ؼޣħʽľҪԾ׹ܹ֮ԽѪ֮ʧȥĿ꣬Ӣܷͷ֮֮֮⣬ܹһУܷƷ˺ۡ
ѪȻû뵽ӢܻʹʽƽԼġħʽۿŶԷһ˫͵ͷҲǴ󾪡ӦݣָǼǿȻ͵һݳ类ȻһƵģٵ׹ֺһűܹӢܵķ
ӢҲ֪ɱѪӣ˵ϣһСŭξѩȥĵõǲͬʽѪӵĿȴܹٿңͬʱס
ȻʱѪȴƽһθе˾⣬ӢܸղԼһУԵزκε书ʽԼʽԴɣҲֻܹóʽѧ˵ġ֮Ҳһֲ书Ϊľ磬һȻԡҲֻĴʦܴﵽľ磬Թеѧ˺ʽе˼ǿܹΪѧʦȴ޼޷ӵԣ޷
ҲǼǰﵽģҪ޵֮ҲҪѮ֮󣬵ӢͻѮȻԵãõһۻһ׾ĵ֮ɾܹ޴Ĵʦ磬ȫ˼飬ΨһĿԽ͵ľǣǸеţƫƫųѷǰˣţңһֵҪڴͷϣҲԼĿǣˣţΪңá
ʱѪϧ֮ģѾǿҵĶʲ֮⣬ɱ𣬻־һӢܹȥһлδʩչȫ˲˱ãʮй⣬ÿһⶼޱȵĺâÿһâߵ۾һ˸Ĺ⣬ǡʽеĵڶʽʽʽ֮ԶӢѾеǵ̵ԼʹһںͺʱһС¿⡰ʽ֪ĹֻһΣԼãѪӵʽͻӦı仯Ź֮ʱԼɱ
ڴ˿̣Ӣܶȴǽͷ󳷣΢ֱ۶죬еڳ֮ϣֱֱĳѪӵǰȥһûκεı仯ӢĹע֮£ХҾˡ
õĴǵõ˾Ÿ˵ġ׾ľ裬Ѫһʵʵ²޷ж϶ԷҪԼδΪˣɷߵĲֱߣҲҪһЩԼͱѪӸߣֱȻټǳɷҪ磬Ҳ˵ѪӵɷҪԼͷнɣͱͨĺͯУ۳ģҪռЩˡ
һУҲǸԼصĴ
Ѫƽ⡰ʽиһƬıɷзҪǵݹȥֱĳ̲һԷֻҪԼ̲Ծһ߾ܹ޷ﵽܾ˵ľ档
ʱֻһܣӢܵĳ󳷣ٿһлȥһʹƮƮλҽǣ޺ۼѰմ˼̻ǡʽҲءʽһȻƽޱȣƮƮĲ֪ںδǰǧɱӢܶδܹҺɱŽ಻ݣϴȻûӢܡƵöԷǱޱȣ˵ʤһһԱ˵ƣǳ׵׵İʮˡ
ӢǰһУ˵ȻѪҪ˵֮޴ƷԶûСʽôֻҪѪӱܹġɷвƣʽ֮¡Ҫ·磬·һ䣬Ѫؾֿ֣ȭ֮£޷أҲ᧿Σˡ
ۿѪӵɷоҪʱӢܺȻֵĹͷѪȥѪӼ״ҲһϲӢֻг֣Ǿ;ԼֵģġʽûԼʧ
һ࣬ҪܹӢĹͷžҪ伱һ޻֮ʮ֮ڣžܹԷɱ£ĸ󻼣Ȼܹסһǳǵ㣬Լؾ½½ӢʶӹȡͺһһһĽ˺˺󣬴˻ûʵ̵Ҳܹһʳս󹦸ɣɷؾӲŶϴ֮
Ȼ벻ַˣӢ˹ͷ֮󣬵ȵȥܣɷУۺȻǳؽڼɵĹͷһǹͷʱı˷еķ򣬵˻Ӣһ죬ѽϡ
һУȫˮһǳɣȻ˼ȴգ֮䣬ѪҲǰװ׸һ˲䣬ȵӢõ˹ͷһӲҲ䣬ԭΪǿҵԸƽһ⵽˾޴Ĵһʱ侹֪ʲôʽԸ˲źãӢܵη壬Ѿ
ȻӢܵټĻڲͬľ书ͻͽѾﵽشʦ֮ȻʱҲڲ֮䣬̨ѪӵġʽʱҲˣûӢôʵѪµĲڵӢܣǽӢܣԷ̫࣬书̫Ŀռ䣬ӽһս֪ԼѾ׷˴ˣպಫֻһαһøҡ
ӢˡʽҲǴϲѪѾη壬ŶԷЩ㶣´һһС¡ѪӼ˹ȥХ죬ǰ޼
ѪʹǡʽѾ֪ӢܶȥѾǱذɣּԼǳǵһǧʿ滢ӪĽúΧ֮Ѿʣ޼һ㹤Ҫʱڳ¥⹥ǵɷʿȻû˿ԵİֻѾϣٹȥɷĿǰؾʵĲֻˡ
ʱѪ˳ӢܵĹȻһĳХ
һХЩʣµĺʿ׷ֹͣ˽̤ԾȥѪֱӷ˳¥ٽ֮ʱɷгųǽһ㣬бƮѾ˵ϣһֹͣƣɷ֮бһ֮
֮֮׼ɷʿͿʼˡֻ˳¥֮һѻʬ塣
ɷʿˣ¥ϵңʿһɣ־ٱۻسǵġ
Ӣȥʿǵʹõһ󣬱ʿ˵ңؾսǧǧȴѾһ롣
սɷʿңѪӵĺʿѾʣ޼ıǳǵسǵһӮǷǳƯӢܵȴɣΪ֪Ҫ·˾ٻϡҪʮϣҪ˴ȴ֪Ҫٵʱ䣬˻һɷʳþ֮ǰǳǷҵĽģԼµʿֻҪһЩ¥ʿϡ裬ɷлɳˣǳǾҲزסˡ
ڳ˼Ѿ˹ϴ˷֮ɫס˫÷򣬺ð벻㾹ȻܹʤѪӣ֪ˣ治֪жˣ˵֮ڣһܹѪӣΪңĵһ֣Ѿʤˣ˲𣬺˲ֻ¸ҲδĶ
ӢҡҡͷѪӵģʽҲһʱңЩͿģ븸ʽ֣书㲫ǿԣѪȫȻͬҪҲδʤ
ʵ÷Ҳ̫ǫ飬Ϊʻ᲻ˣʱ˵ɽɽ¥¥ϣûܹԶ޵У˵źܹºˣŮǰӣܹսʤѪһҲΪ㽾ġ
ǷѾΪңĵһ֣ǵϸǿˣӢܴʱûʲôȤֻǵ£ɷ˾ľôȴֻ¹˶þҪµĹǻҪСǡ
ԣɫҲ˵ͷ˻ҶЩʳǲģһƴû״ڣҪ빥ǳǣƾļʿɣֻҪǰֻҪסһЩǵļƻǳɹˡ
˵ֺȻһ̾÷벻˾޴˶˽ô
Ӣһͷǵģ˵ʵǲֵһᣬһ޼ʵֻҪʽӦ츮ĻʹҲܹ򵽹˻ҵʥȥ籩ǵᳬһɣֵİٱǧʥǵĳǽͭǽڣҲᱻ޼ʵΪƽء
ˣҲЩĿɿڴӦ츮ܹʥȥİٱǧ⡭п÷˵ǲİ
Ӣ֪ĿãĿǰ֪ʶ棬ǺִƼᷢչ˵زģ˿Ҳ뵽˻ҵĻ״ڣҲʼңδµ˼ѡϣܹң磬ٽӹ죬ֻңŴ˴ѵĲƸҾֱǴһʲôķʽȷҪúõ˼ǡ
е뷨ֻһӶʵĻ΢΢һЦ£ʲôʱҴţʲᣬΪƽƽһңĽӰˣҵӦ˽һЩ񸸻˵Ѳ⣬ңδʲôӣ˭Ҳϲ
ʱȴ̾˿ңδʲôӣֻ¶ԵˣֻϣܡܡܹңİԶҵƽҸ
Ӣһ㲣ֲʧɫҲһ̾ڴս֮ǰ̫ƣҪʵۣȱ˼ָӲӦԻѾĳѾȥԵı仯塢ɷຮңʵʵѡֻϧԼǳǣĻᣬĿϧ
Ȼ룬ɷľӽǳΧסʾڸɽǲܣļû˵ʲôǰȥҪȥƶôˡ
ǰһ󣬶ʱϽѪĶڼ֮´ķ㶣۾Աߣһ㷢һ˵ʲô
Ӣ߹ɫһ䣬վӢܣˣҪΪ㣬ͻҵȰ̩ɽˣ㿴жôܣҪʲôԾԵģĲ㡣
̩ܶɽɵˣҲվڲԶŹȥӢܣȴ׺̩ɽɵӢܣĿǰǴҵʦƢһѺ


 337 Ѫǳǣ1
ʦӢܣվŹ۵ʦ㡭Դ磬һжĸԸһɱˣЩһһõġ
۶ԶһΪԼŮһ㣬Լһ̱վӢ˵ǳ֮ˣβ׶˼Ҳǰ̾ͽ֮أԼ֮£ʵǵõ洫һۣȵһȥӢ˵仰
ӦһӢһۣǵģȴûƶ
֪ʲôֵģҲԴģȥ
ʦٴδߴ٣˵ͷߵһߡ
ָָ¥ڲһ˵ĵطӢܣ
˵ž˹ȥӢܾ
߽ŻعͷӢܣ⣬Ӧ֪˰ɡ
Ӣû뵽Լ˵£˵ͷ֪
ֵӢܣ˵ʵƷ书ȷԶԶں밲֮֮ϣһͶԵҲѹϲ㣬ܻȡȴȢ﹫治֪жģҲ֪ҿ˶ٳӢֻܿ㣬оûһô
Ӣ˾Ҳκεǰ﴿ҡҲܺãһѵõعѾ¸˹Ҳء
ˡȴһϲģĽ¸˵ˣ
ӢһͷҲظǰ˵ѣʵҲ׼ս֮붡úõ̸һ̸
۴ʱѾӢܵĻ֮⣬˵ͽΪ檣ҹƺᷴԣжʱϲ֪ͽϲӢܣ÷鱻ԷȢʱ˵ʵǾԸͽȥΪ檵ģǣӢܵԽԽ˽ԽŸеӢܵȷǼΪ㺱ģңĵһŮޱȵ﹫ҲѡͽǸС檣ίҸǶԸҪͽͲصԼĸޣͽδܷˡ
ĸֻһ뵽ǳⱻ˹ƣͽԧг۵ɫȻӢܣô룬ٺò֮Ҳ׷Ѿ˼֮ףѾ϶㣬ȣ˼Ż᲻ҵķԣμӵ滢ӪѾ˵˵Χֻһֻϣܹ˵˵ûڳ֮ǰܹĿһЩҲʦˣòá
Ӣ֪ΪΪͽܲϧԼ˼ԶĴȰػҲǰ΢΢һͷǰģ֪ô˵ģڳ֮ǰܹЩЦա
ԣ֪ѾӦʣοһۣҲ˵ͷٶ˵ȴ򷽰ȥ
ӢʱŶȥæӭ˹Դ磬ʦ˵ЩʲôΪҺãҪǻ˵ˣϡ
Ӣҡҡͷ΢ЦŵûУǰû˵ʲôػ
˵Ŷ֮ս˶ٵˣ
ɫʱȻˣͷĵһˡ
Ӣ֪ԽǲЩѪȵ£Խöѹ±úܺãذңҲңİա
ʱ򶡺Ȼ̧ͷԴ磬ΪʲôսΪʲôҲܺƽദǱ˴֮ҪܹĻģǸжð
Ӣԣһ̾ĵ˽ϣܹˣϵɫɫģ˽֮⣬˽̰жȨҰģаڣ֮аҹһûа취ı䣬ܹģֹааܵӦеıӦҪסʱɱ˾ǾˣǶҲһ˵Ĵڣĳ̫ɲɡ
૵ĵɱ˾ǾˣǶ
飬˫ȻӢܵԴ磬֪ˣȱңҲгħĽա̩ɽϵһǱһְħӡⶼɱֹɱĵ
Ŷ˵ĻӢܾ֪Ѿڽˣ˵ͷصرϰ֮ˡӦԼѧȥͶƣףǾҪȶ˸ףö˺¡Լа
ʱ򶡺չķ΢ЦԴ磬лл˵ЩҹȥĴˣԸȥɱˣ̫˽ˣԲʦҲԲ̩ɽɵʦ
ƵĽὥѾ⿪ӢҲοЩȻãǳǳᱻƣǡ
˵˼򲻹껪ɣȴҪڴսҲȻû˵ȥ
˿ȴȻһЦԴ硣˵վǳǲǣ
ӢܱһͷĿǰĻȷǳС
ҡҡͷҲ£Դ磬һ£ܺһͬĸԸء
ҲǶĴ˱֮ģ˵⻰ʱҲȥһɬǽ۹¸ҵȫȡ
Ӣܲʯĳ˵飬ҲһʱǻԳ֮ʱƣǵȷǾһûеĹͷ˵ɣԴ̫࣬չ˵㣬ҪסúõرԼʵ֪ģҲ㣬һΪǳõѵġ
Ǹϻ۵ĹȻԸӢƫңӢȢȴǵ谮ò﹫ֹԼӢܽӢ˵֪ԼˣӢǾ䡰һΪǳõѡкһ⣬ֻ紺էٻţ˵ĸˣӢܿԼ̫΢ҧҧԼӣԴ磬ģֻҪһ˿Ҷֵģʱ̩ɽɱΧ֮ʱҲΪˣǻΪģҲһġ˲˵Ʊж񱨣ôôֱһᱣоգġ
ӢܼԼȼ˶һսȻᾡΪˣĿѾﵽһҪȥѲͲˣԼء
ʹĵ˵ͷԴ磬ýǧҪٵˣӦȥҲ㡣
Ӣ΢΢һЦһͷתȥһعӣȴװ֮ǰǸӣҲ֪ʲô
Ӣװ֮Ŷ򣬶﹫ҲԼãȻ˼ޣղŴʿɱ֮ʱƴҲ˹ȥ֣֣ͬ۹ãȥʲôᣬϣܹҹȥͬԵвǡ
װ֮ĶһɫȻһҲһӢܣҺĽ㣬ȷǿ࣬ҲòģسǣտһˣƲ𡣡
Ӣһֱÿװ֮Ȼ׺˼̤ʵ˼鸡ܹ˵ӲĻʵڳϡ˵Ҳű仯֪˵ʲôֻֽһ˵ͷ˿ȥ
ʱֹȥһһҹһһҹɷ徹ûٷӢȴֻ֪ǰֻҪЩʳûбٻ٣˻Ҿ޷ġ
˵賿Ӣϳ¥ĵϢ֮䣬ȴ˴ԽԽˡ
ӢһԾ𣬴Ҵߵ˼̽ȥȻԶԶĿϷĵ·չǹӡգŴľﲻӿȻ·Χǳǵķ
һֱ䣬ǵ·ϲû˾ӿǳǵѾĲ˾ӣӢܴԼعƣ˴ɷһϣҲ˵ССǳĵоﵽʮӦɷӵĳɣ˻ҪΪЩʳƴˡ
ҲһֱӢܵԱ߿ţ˵龰͵ȭͷʹڼʯϵðû뵽˻һɳôľΧǣɭǾͿˣʾͻ°빦
Ӣܳһ󣬵˻û뵽Ӹǳǣû뵽ĪĪضǾӺǳǵʧأȫ֮⣬ôľǰ֤˹˻ڵʳĻҪԽҪ·ǰٻʮʱ䣬˻ʮ֮ڹǳǣʳȻͷضɭһ²ء
ʵ˵ͷֻҪʮϵʮϣ߾һ֣ʤˡ
Ӣһ£ڳ֮ǰһҪյЩʳι˻ٽƻҲ죬ֲ֧һ£Ȼ᳹ʧܡ
ʴʱѾ֮⣬˶ľӣ£¶˷֮ɫ˻ҵľԽԽ٣ȱʳټЩУĻ״ڴ˼ھͻһѷǸҪԸõһ£¾㹻ˡ
˵һӻӢ׵˾Ҫ͵عˣȥ֪ͨǵؽС׼ر򲻵֮ʱãԸ˵Ĺе
ʱȴѾʮŻ״ڵ˳¥֮¡
ʶʱɫһ䣬⣬˲ٹ˼ɣҪںˡ
ӢһҡҡͷᣬҪں䣬ôľʳϵɷӵ˻ǲðյȼġ
ʵʲô
ӢĬĬĹ۲һȴʮŻ״ڵڿڶ׼ȴϳ¥мǱڣʱˣ¥ڵʳǶ˻ͣ˲ôڹڽǱڴмܱ𡣡
Ҳ֪ǳǵ龰ǳ΢Լ˵̫磬ʳ˾޹˼ɣʮӿգңľӾͻǳʯ٣޷סоļƻԹ˻ҵı㣬в֪Լ˵Ĵ㣬ԼһЩܹȳһֵʳҲ޿κεķӡ
ӢܵʮŻ״ѾĵطȻǳǽ϶ΣҼͬһطһ޴ĳ֮ϳʮ״ĵطѾһ׿ȱڣʮңʿը
ɷľڻǰ˰ţȵһ̷ͣź֮ˮӿʼݣȱڴʱֻ߰׸ߣ޼˺ܿ
Ӣ֪˵һ£ָӣȥסȱڡ
δ䣬Ѿ˹ͷ볤ųȱڳӶȥ
Ƭ֮䣬͵ȱڴȴʱɷ˳ڻ֮ңʿЩʧźѣֳɷУɷĺʿԴϴһս֮󣬺ʿѾòˣʣµĲˣϳҲ滢ӪĽúҲ׷ȱڴܿסȱڣʿһĵȱڸ
ʱһ죬Ǹ¥⵽ϳһɷһЩ״ڻʱ䶼ȻѾȱˡ
Ӣ뵽ѪǲŹģûгϳǣض͵ĳ¥úʿסԼ
һˣӢȱһסٲսŽǶȥʱȻҲ滢ӪĽú书ߵȴȻѪӵĶ֣ѪѡǵϣǾΣˡ
֮УѾǣȴҲѾҳһţɷʿңؾƴ
ӢܲȥЩֱǰʱϳ¥ҲȻһ׿ȱڣɷʿӿһЩ滢ӪĺúƴֿͷѪӣޱȵɷ£ǵǰˣ׷еأǰӽѪӵ书ԶѪҪԸĽúͽˡ
ӢƵ磬˶סȱڣѪԸ
˵⻰һӣѾѪǰͷһӣѾסɷС
ѪһԭӲҲ΢΢һ䣬겻Ѯ꺺ӣʱѾǿУġʽԴʩΣӢòַͬƣʵûʲôܹʤˡ
Ӣ෴Ѫӵ˶ȥļη֮ѾȻ޴棬һ־ǹƣݺᣬŴأע֮£Хƺ֮
˶ѾǳϤԷƬ֮ѾʮУʱ֪ôģӢܺȻѪӵɷкûйȥˣÿһУԼ磬ƲһҪԼʲôطУѾһֵֻıһλֵһλֽڶѪӽһ㡣


 338 Ѫ
˶ð֮ѪѾǰп࣬Ӣܣ治֪ǹһΣֶǰǿƽ֣ھʼ·磬ֿȣԷֻм֮޻֮ܣԼٻзأڶԷһһ֮£ȴҪʱʱлػѾӢȫѹסٶ˰УѾмܵĶ࣬١
ʱɷڻʼѾһʱңƴ֮£ǳˮӿɷʿûԽ׳һȱڵĵоҲһһı˻ȥѾʼȶ
ٹһѪɷʿѾѹȱΧ֮ʣµĲʮˣʮӾͻᱻȫ
ѪӴ˿ѾӢܶٶУԷĳԽԽ죬ԽԽ棬͸ѾʼϢ֪ٶȥȻ຺ӵУе˵ľɥ˵Ȼˡ
ı֪֮ȥֻ·һỹڳ¥֮ϣһ̾¾ҪϼһԾ³ǡ
ȻӢϵҪһ˫ֱ׽ƵģѾסѪӵĺ·
ѪӼԷнԼڵ֮ģҲһ亹ǿžƴֵѾԵ֧穣һ֮дδй˵ǱԽԽһƬ
ʱ־ޣ·硣üζӢܵĵˣԵеľ鼫ǷḻÿһζոյĶ˹ȥһɫȴӢܵĵ֮ӣҲһѪڡ
ʱѪӺȻһٿӢһлȥƮƮλҽǡ޺ۼǡʽһеġʽ֪ʽѽӢ޿κΣʱΪߣֻʩչġʽϣܹסӢһȻԾ
ȻӢҲ㵽ҪóʽҶʽѾǳϤһ֪ǡʽӳɷһ˲䣬еسǰôһѪԼȥײĳľ룬һȥһٶȣʵںܹӦ
Ѫշǳˣڵʯ֮䣬ӾӲһƣӢȥĳû࣬Ǵ硣ֱڱѪˣеĶȻûбΣȻĵʺӢùͷȥæӺԾһףܹһС
ѪӾҪ˱ܣᣬȻӢܵĳȱһԾȱֻ߰סҳ¿ɷʿʬѾߣκ£վЩѪܵʬ֮ϡ
ӢѪӸߣҲǿϧ飬ӵϼһɷУȱڴĵ˹ȥ
ʱȱڴֻʣ˶ʮˣﾭסؿɱƬ֮䣬ȫ촦ʱȻɷʿսĵĴ֮߱ڽʵǣͷ¶ȱڴͱңʿ󡢹ʯľɱˣȻʣһ룬ʱѾȫɷʿʬ壬ȥѾ޷һʱ֮侹ʧȥá
εĹ֮ս絽һֱţɷľӾңͺһַĽûͣЪʱ򣬶ӢܾͲͣķĳ¥УΣգսһɷʿǳǡ
ϵʱңܹǿж˱μսǽɷʿʬѾ׸ߣûܹǳǡ
ûã⴫һ󼱴ٵ֮ɷľӱ㿪ʼȥǳŽƽ
Ӣ֪о˲أһʱ֮ǲ֯ƣ壬һȥһָŲʿùʯľѸٵĽȱڶס
һеȱڴѾʱסˣӢܻصϳ¥ǸҲ˾һսңľսǧˣ˵ǧҲĿǰܹսֻʣˡ
Ӣ֪ȥֻѾֲ·ˣΨһܹľǾܵоȻҵʵʱʳ
ʿǾһսѾ͸֧ˣӢôϢڳԷһЩܹж˱
Ӣܵļ£ȥϢˣӢܾվڼԣҹɫɷӵĶ
˺һжϳɷʿҲУʱ֮ڲתۼҴҵ˹ȴһĽ̬֮
ӢŹɫжʱ΢΢һ
ʱѾϵӢܵߣѹּٵĶӢܣˡ
Ӣܱµ˼֣˵żˣ˵زأ
Ȼ֮ɫ˵ͷأ䴩ءؿڣʱιȥˡ
Ӣһȭͷæ᲻֮ǣ
۵ڳµһլѾͿ̩ɽƵĽҩҪ̫Ѫѡ˵
Ӣܼæǰȥ
ԣӹһ˿ο񣬵ӢܡΪôصˡҪȥûġ
Ӣܲ˵ֻǰȥ
һתӣų¥¶ȥ
˳¥£һ󣬱㵽һլ⣬ֱߵһСеĵƻȴྻڴһŴ󴲣ʱһλŮӸŽƽ棬ȻǶ
Ӣܼߵ˴ߣֻıһͷںڵ˿ɢϣԭѾǲ԰㲣ѪɫȻ֮״뵽崿뵽ʶһĻĻ뵽ԼһƬ飬жʱһᡣ
Ź۹ȥƺҪȥҡѶӢæǰöúõϢ
ҡҡͷһĵ˼أҪòҩǱΧڳУ޷ȥҩûгǿ־޷֧ȥģӢܣ˵һҪ̫ãһҪȥ
Ӣܶв֪Ҫ۴˵ͷ
۴ʱѾڶĶϣصһѣԴˡ
һı飬򳤳ĽëŶһȻۣǹۣղŵĻûȫ壬ֻ촽΢ţĵʦʦ㲻ҪҪԴ󡭡˵ˡ˵£¶ҪȥΪΪҷġ
˵ֺȻʲôʦС˻ڽûУ
ۼͽģʱ۾ѾʪˣѾֹͣˣġ
ǽķһЦ⣬͡ͺãԴҲܡúõݡϢˣȥȥ
ӢǸȵˣŶľػԼ룬ӿһļӹ۵˴ߣѾϢ˺ܾˣô㣬֡
ȻӢܣʱһҲԵĴһЩԴ󡭡磬ԭԭѾˡ
֪ӢһлҪԶ˵ΪʦȳȥһˣӢ˵˵Ҫ̫á
һ˵ţһ˳ȥ
ӢԼشԼг˽ʱǿԴ磬ҡǲǺܡûáﲻ㣬Ҫ桭ҵġ
ӢҡҡͷܺãҺܴæԴûչ˺㡣
Ҳ΢΢ҡͷԴ磬ء£ҡԼ书ûСûá
˵ȻҵĿһʱ
ӢֻԼкѹиˮԱи豭æȥȵģ㵹һߵ˴ߣҲû룬ͽԼĻУԼǰϸµιˮ
ˮƽϢоӢܽıԼ˫ֻůʵ龰Լξ࣬԰׵϶ʱ˺Σ˿ȴľʹ֪Լδܻȥˣıһ̵Ҹһ૵ĵԴ磬ҪǡҪҲˣԶԶĲˣ㻹𣿡
Ӣ˵ԶĲˡĻʱֻһزʹɵĵɵѾͷ˵Щʲôʹʦˣ˵˲Ҫ
ȴȻ¶΢΢Ц⣬Դ硣㡭òƭҵģҵˡԼֻ֪ϧֻϧ
Ӣæֻϧʲô
ֻϧڡڲϡĻУãá
Ӣ˵ԽԽպϣѾֻһæ㲻
Ĵ붡ĶУ΢΢ˣԺĵΪΪʲôҲܡ
һʱ֮䣬ӢҲ֪ô˵źãһæѵˣ﹫˵㣬˵ܺõѡ
Ĭһ󣬹˻ĵ﹫ܺáܵѣԴ磬ǡأҲܺõѣֻ롭ֻԶһ𡣡
ʱӢپܾ˫ֽ˽һԶһֻҪܺԴӦ㣬ǾԶԶһֻҪⳡս˺ˣһ͹һܿĵصطȥ
Ӣ⻰һĽԵһ𣬺ȻбͷӢܵԡԴ磬˵ġ˵Ķģ͡Զһ𡣡
Ӣܺܿ϶ĵ˵ͷԴʲôʱƭ㣬ֻҪܹԴһȢġ
ӢܿʼԼһ˵ҪȢԼĻǰһļȦһ죬۽ǺȻ˹飬૵Դ磬Դ磬˵ҪȢ
鼤֮£˵Ϣһʱ֮侹ܽˡ
ӢܼľһЩ֪ǲãʲôҪȵƺЩ˵ǿĵӻں棬һҪס΢΢˵ͷ֪ԡԴ磬һҪȥȵȵȢҵǡһ죬һһȥ
ӢܼѾ˶úõˣһЩ£ȳȥˡ
ȻԴ󡭡磬ܲ١ٱһҺڡĻָ֡оů
˵⻰Ӣô뿪Ȼһֻȴĸţٴα¶ЦݣҲ֪ʲô
ֻһԴ磬߰ɣϵĵʵ̫ˣΪҵʱ䡣
Ӣ֪֮󣬶ҲӶ֣ɷʿĲ̰˵òֻ¸вһĻȻһܾ裬Ƭ֮˾жϳǳѾ޷ȥʳ֮ڵ֣Ӧýս֮ˣʱᵽɱȻ౨Ȼ̣ܲҲĿǰΨһܹѡˡ
뵽ӢܵѾ˱׳ȻԶޱȵϧĽϣȻվԼ֪֮УҪԼߣԼֺγҲѾеĴŮʵǾģڶĴһǣ˿УѾԼŮˣһǵ⣬ȥͬ
ŮӵǺУοԼˣӢܵһǣӨʱֶ˳ѾЩεϡ
ܿģסᣬַ΢ЦӢܵԴ磬㡭㻹ǿߡɣǲģǳҲҲһصס
ӢܵǳǵΣܲصɱǰֻܾΪ
˭֪ԡԴ磬֪ǡǳǳǽߣ桭ĵǵĺü𡭡زסģһһܣ֪֪һܡ
벻ԼӢкȻҲӿһǿҵĺ飬նĵģԴǾɷ׹ǳǵģҲ漣һᾡȥ漣
΢΢ĵ˵ͷֻԴ磬ǳ桭زסˣ㵽һҪɱɱңǧҪס
ӢҲ׶򲻻ϲƺһУ˵ֻһЦͷˣô࣬ΣԴ綼ģԹԵĽ۾Ϣ
ӢĻ֪ѾԼ˼һЦͱۣӵǹ֮


 339 Ƚ湦
ӢϵųоĶı˳ȥȴӵһϣȴ΢΢ЦƽѾ䣬мžΪղ붡˵һЩ˶С
ӢҲٵ飬ֻ֪й붡ŮԣΨ϶򣬱ǰչ˶Ҫ¥ȥˡ
֪ཫǳǼоӵҪԣӢܣҹȥҲǿ㣬Ҫúܹܶ࣬ܶ࣬ˣĸϣסĳŵʳԶʣǳǱסˣҲˣʧ֮£Ҳٻȥ
ӢܶԴѾ˵ʲô׹۵İͽ֮ģ͵˵ͷȻ󲽿ݣСլų¥϶ȥ
˳¥ϣѾǰףŶͽƲ֮͸⣬ٹһǺԽԽʢˣ˲ע⣬һöʹĽʱ֮䣬ؾһƬѪɫ֮УɷľӪ֮ȼ˴̡Ѿڿʼ緹ˡ
ʱңؾѾù˷ӢȻ֪ɷȱ֪ڲ²⣬ѾˣӢܣȥϢ
ӢܾһѪսƣ벻ˣһЩں˯ʿڳ¥ڲ࿪ʼϢ
ûжáȻս֮ẕ́ˣӵһԾ𣬴Ҵҵߵԣȴֿʼˮ¥ӿ¥ϺŽȴлһЩϢʿ̵ԭеλУƬ֮䣬Щ˾ͼݹֻǴʱʿѾȫ⣬ѪҲĳ˲ᣬƲյؽɷ¥¥ȴ͵ĹеҲٻɷؾȫӲˡ
ӢҲ֪ر࣬˺սĵңӵʵȵ¥ϵؾԽԽ٣ԽԽ䣬ȻܹƳˣǹȥΪʳȴ빥ǵ˲ء޷ǲҷѾˡ
Щʣһ룬ȫʬ壬ȥѾ޷Ӣָܾ˽ŵͶʯȥԶܼͶЩеĴ˵ϣ޷ըҲе˵ϣʱȻ죬һƬýʿըȴƬˡ
һɱ峿ʱʼһֱʱʱûȵңʿǻɷľֿʼˡ
һ˾ιʱгж̣ڶϣңľҲǧ
һֱ죬ɷʮľֻʣһ벻¥ϵңؾҲƴֻһˣӹȥһһҲù⣬ɷʧңҲûǰˣѾʱпܱƳ¥ΣգӢζ˷֮סˡ
˵磬ڷһιȥ֮ɷľӪ˴̡
ȻʱӢܺȻһ˻ȥȴɷľӪʿڸһЩðŴ̵ĵطߣжʱһϲ֪ɷؾѾù⣬ʼˣɷսƥһ룬ƥ伢Ҳ֧Ű£ƣֻҪɷʿٷʮιƣ죬ǳǱȻᱻˡ
ӢĬĬվڳ¥ϣѾðգٹһ죬ǳǻ᲻ᱻƶҪʳȻɷʿһսŵ󣬶ԷʮҲʣˣ٣ĿѾﵽƴɷĳɵľӣѾһ漣ˣսɳҲ޻޺
ţȴҲһ˻˻һ˻һֹ
˻ӢȴǳϤǺʱѾĬ˻˽ŭ΢һ˼ѾףǺЩڱɱİ˻̲סӦ
ʾվӢܵԱߣ֪ȵϸģ÷򣬺ɷս࣬ͨ˴ܹ֮ġ
źȵĻӦ˳˻һʱ֮佻һ𣬳ҳһƬЩڲͣɧеػʼǳǵķɷʿʱ֪룬׷ߺţһƽϢ
龰Ӣȴһһͷϸһ˼УȻһֵ¡зӰɷеսŪ಻ţ
ҲǴ֮ˡ̵붯úȣǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷɷսɱʳҲȥȾͬˡ
ЩѾ֪ӢܵΪˡ֪ô˵һ꾡ļƻʱЦð÷򣬿˵˵뷨
ӢŴǳ״һСӵ£Ӧ֪ÿɷ˶Ҫеսˮ
ÿ¥šһͷǰΣ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҵĿЩһֻҪһڣ£˵ᷢʲô£
ʱһԺȵԣһеս
Ӣܵȷųȥ񿥣ȻᱻɷʿɱֻҪܹЩһ뵽Сӱˮҵļƻܹʵˣû⣬һվͻ֧ŲסģܹסһգҲƻı䡣
֪ƻ򵥿УҲǸˣæã÷ȥ졣
Ӣһ£ɫʱȻҡҡͷ»ûô򵥣úȾôȥ˱ȻɣһҪȻźá
΢һ˼ɣźȳȥװҪͻΧԮһأʱͳˣҪñ棬ŵ־Ͳ̫ͣȥˡ
ӢܶȻУͶڣõңδؼ֮ʱգһء
һ˵ţһȥϳ滢ӪĽúϡ
ûã滢Ӫںúվһ֮ʱϳ߹ˣЩ̫࣬Ѿֻʮˡ
Щ˵֮ӢܾͽҪźȳȥװͻΧŵ˵ˣȻѯ˭Ը
滢Ӫеĺú֪ǳǳҪƵģ˶˱֮ģӢѯ˶׷ҪǰȥȻʱȴһ׵ķʴߵӢܵǰԽͽң˭Ҳܸ
ӢܶһȴҰǾеĳ֣ǳ֮󣬾һֱӢϳǳɱ
Ұ书ȥͻΧɷɣȷǸѡЩӢңӢϲͣһʱ֮侹᲻ãԥ
ҰӢû̴ӦֵԽˣĵһûʲô£Ҳûʲô˼ĽܹǳǵסҶԺúõһȥǲˬ죬ˬ졣
ŹЦ޾ҰӢĳȣ۽ǽʪˣгһ̾ŻͷãĴ磬ȥĴ壬һĿܣһϣ¼ȫ
ʱͱӢ¶Ұڶ⣬ΣѪڣȦ죬Ĵ磬㻹ʲôԸδˡңһɡ
ҰʶԼ˵⻰ʱִЦĵһܹһ磬ûа׻ˡұҰ⣬޸ĸʦҲѾˣҲûʲôԸ˵ôķϻʲô
Ӣ˽Ұ˵˼֪ûбҪ˵ȥˣɢˣҰ˳¥ǣ˺ȣȥ
ԲԼҰȻӢܶεİ֮£ƺҲʲôȵҰھŴȥʱھֹֻǲͷӢܲס˻ƺ˵ί
ҰܹϺȣΪʵӢһ⣬дǳǼսͥշԮֻǽеرдһ
ŽҰСķ뻳У뵽óʱӢ޾غúȻѾһʬ壬ıҲһ΢ᡣ
Ϊú״еӢֽܾһЩƥХĳѵǵܻۣԺȵеĬӢֻΣȾˣܹХж
ӢܲҴ⣬ѵһȴ¥ϴ˼ٵĺŽǵֿʼˡ
ӢܴҰϳȥԸڳ´ţٲμӴսԼų¥Ϸȥ
һսһֱĻٲŽĽɷٴȥңؾǧֵ࣬оѾǳˡ
ҹʱ֣ӢƿڵʳţֺźȵҰҹɫ˳ȥ
Ұŵһ̣ӢʲôҲû˵ֻȭһҾҰʱѾһȻҲһҾ
ӢıӰԶȥһ̾æ˹ϳţȻҴҵ˳¥һǰȥ
ȱ磬ûãֱɷؾӪ֮УʱһƬ˽˻֮ӪĴȼ˻ѣҰӢܵķԸֻǰٳͻš
ʮﲼӪʣʱӢѾ޷ҰԸݵӪѻζܼжϳ
ܿģҰ͵֮⣬ĻҲڼҵĻζţҺɱ֮ڶҰҰްĿҲԶԶĴУӢ֪ʱȻѾɷʿΧסҪǰУֻѾǳˡ
ҰǱɣӢʹ֮Уȴһ£ǾǺȻڻս֮˻ļƲ߽ʧܣҰȾȫǰװˣⶼ޷Ԥ֪غɰֻܶ
ҰȷǲʹȻϷɷľӪþûܹƽϢǿ֮ȻͣĴӢʶһԡѪս龰˫ǰĻ⣬ǽ˫ȭ
ԼһСʱ֮ҲҰĿˣɷľӪƽӢʶһۣ֪ҰѾѳվڼԣǰһľгأþòԸ˵
賿֮ʱɷľַһ͵Ϯңӵƴ֮£ûþȥˣӢʶûȥϢҪȵȵϢ
Сʱ֮ɫѾɷеսȻһֵǳСӱˮĺӵԶˣӢܹһ£Ӧòƥ
ƥļһ𣬸ɫУԱ߻һЩų޵ɷţ޷жϳȵڲ档
ӢѾ׼ʴŹڳ¥ӢܾʹŴӸǳ滢ӪĽúȥŴš
ʱѾԭλãЩɷҲʼȺȥӢܲԥȻ쳤ХǸȷڶصѶš
Х֮Ⱥдһĳ˻ûһһƥȺǳǵķ
ӢʶǺȣжǴϲ
һ߱ܣһ߷˻˻ƥս׷׿ʼ˻Ӧž͸ںȵˮƵǳǱͬһ㣬ʱսܸϵȫŪò֪ˣðȺзӦͣĻӱֹֹܹסµЮȺһ볯ǳǶȥ
Ӣܼ״̴ӳ¥ڲһԾ£ڳǱһ㣬бѾվڵϣž˴󿪳š
ЩںȵĴú֮죬ûһӰһѾȱ룬Ƭ֮䣬ĸɫսӿǣЮŵЩɷô̤⽴ҪôȺǳǣ类Ӣܴ滢Ӫĺúɱˡ
ƥսǣСʱ֮Ȼδʱȴڳ¥ϸߺԽе˸ˣҪСġ
Ӣϵɷľڼ󣬱ȻųŴ󿪹Ѿ˶Բߣֹһ󣬼ǵų¥֮˼ٵĺŽ֪Ѿ˹жԲߣŹţǵȵɷʿӿǧˣַһХ
Х֮󣬳֮ȻһƬŴһĲҽȴָʿӳ¥ϵ˻ͣȻ֮ȼֹ˼ǡ
˳Ļ⣬Ӣ˹ϳţȻɷʿǰֹŵĶӢܰŵĸڹ֣ܿͽˣ˾޴š
ϳ滢ӪĺúҪԸǧɷʿ࣬Сʱ֮󣬽ǵеоͱɾ滢ӪҲ书Բĺú
¥֮ϵļսȴԽԽңӢæʣ滢Ӫú¥սԼһӶϡ
˳¥֮ϣȴָʿɷżҲܿˡ
ӢܴҴߵһȴоѾȫ뿪˾Ӫп˽ΣҪһٹǳ֮ơ


 340 ǵľ
Ӣܼµĵ˰˾һս֮ƣףӹǣʳҲûˣѾŲ죬Ҳֻȫѹϣʼƴˡ
ʱѾ˾ߵָʿԣ£Ҫˡ
ʻعҲͷʱˣȥǳزסģѾش˴ĵоĿѾﵽʳɷ˵ֻҪǶʵĴһ˻ҵھˡ
ӢһͷԥʿȥǴһ£ϳǿʼʳЩʳѾ˻ͣһ⣬ʱȼ̸ܴеһǿҵϮһϢ֮УҰտǿܹ
ûãͼǶǻ죬ɡƽҲѾڷˡ
ųлѾֳ飬Ӣܵ÷Щսô죬ҪǹƳǣȻܹõսԼģƥʮʳʮϣʾʮʱ䣬֪жңʿ
ӢҲ뵽һڣ£˼ǡ
ʲ˼ĵ̷ЩʳһһҪеսõ޷ʳá
ܹ˵ĻӢҲοȻһսϴȷ֮࣬ʵ̣ʿǵȻҪԥѡǰߣսҪǣҪʯĳ
˵ƵӢܲû˵뵽ʲôֵȻȾաҲסͽڳУˡ
Ӣ˵ĺеһеңʿսڴˡҲ˶׼õĽѵΨһĽôΪʯ֮ǰ˼һУܴһ
ʼӢųӿĵоû˵ʱЩżˡ÷ͿɣٳҲˡ
Ӣߴ٣ɷʿƴ֮£¥ϵѾǳգáطֻ˹صһЩ滢ӪؽúڻѲ죬һͲȥſմԽԽ࣬ҲѾֲˡǰ֮ǰǳǱȻᱻơԽ£ԽԼһ󣬺Ȼһȭ£ǳǲˣͻΧ
һ㶵ͻΧôͻǰǶɭǣʥǣߣ
ӢһȻصȥʥǣȥʥǡ
Ҳʶʲô÷˼ǡ
Ӣܵ˻ڶɭǵյ֮϶Ȼ˺ܾãƾ뻢״ڵֹסңĴ˾Ԫ˧ǿӧ·ͻɸʣ򳦹ֻ֮Ϊ׼أȴֻܷ˾Ԫ˧ԸʵĴͻ˹˻ڶɭһʥǱȺͺǻҪ׳գҪҲָտɴҪǹ˻ңǲʥ˷ѾģȻҪȫѹڶɭһϣˡ
˵Ѿȫˣ¶ϲɫ͵һȭʥѾޱֻкٵıֻҪͻΧֱʥǣпܹȥ
ӢܴʱѾԽԽȫͷЩսǣѾˣ£룬ȫԷսͻΧǷǳ׵£ʥǳԼ·ожȥҲҪ죬ǴʱʳȫޣҪȥֻ·һǻضɭһﻹһЩȥЩɢɽҰеɷյʳ޷׷ǣͻΧȥʥǵĿǰõһ·ֵҲȫսˡ
ӢܵķҲԽԽܣðȷһߣֻʿصɭһʽδҪЩˡ
Ӣ΢Ц̫⣬ʵȷѾսʤ˹˻ңѽ
һ㶣÷ʲô˼ѵʲôµķ֣
Ӣܵ£ڳľӿʼ⣬ʲô
ʵؾӵʳĻ١
ӢܵͶˣҪ֪սǾ֮򲻵ԵʱɱʳľȱӦõɭǻʥµȻʼɱǾ֤ҲѾûʳɵˡ˻ҵȷǽеʳͼǳУǹ˽ͺһ书еһ书ֵҪѨ˾쾡ϣž书ҲҪ׸
Ӣ˵⻰˶ֵ˵׼ɷıײＫ٣׸֣ԲŻ˾Ԫ˧ɷ巢սҪͣĵɷ
롣ɷȻˣ˹ȥʹսһϣʣµĶ˸ŮСңĶʮЩС𽥳󣬲ҪȢӣҲӦǰЩ£ӲᳬʮꡣԹ˻ĿǰʮӣѾûɷİʣ¶ˣеһЩҲòõá
˻췴ѵضǽңɭһҪҪɱʣһңȺףȻһʱػҡʱԻʦϣŻ״ڵӵأңֻҪңǳأʳͿȫˡ
һ˵ⳡս³˹˻ҵϣһԭȽŲ㣬Ӳ˾ة˧ǻṥرصǳǡĪ鱾µһ԰ĵĺţ벻ǣĪȻĪĶңʿѾ½ҩĪضҲʧЧЩҲЩżȻΪЩżȻȴеļƻҼʧܡԾ˽һսʣµľǰȥɭǲأûʳҲжٵսֻҪʵĹһЩҶɷʿĹ۲죬ǾٸŹ˻ˣȻ򸸻Ͷ
Ӣ٩٩ԣ˵ô࣬ҷñޱʴʱͶأ̾һ÷򣬹ȥҾ㣬ΪܹƷԿЩˣסѪӰвܣ书ܱȡڣ书ͻͽѪҲǶ֣Ѿ˸ʣҸ޷ȴ书ǻۣ侲۲ˣҲֻиʲһϳ̣ԱһСʵҲ
Ӣˣȴ޵ɫΪ֪һжҪĸ׶Լֽӽпõ̫ľ飬飬һĲƸܹǻӺϣǿڲͬġʵǻۻԼ˶٣ĸ澭ԼȴԶԶ磬ĸ׵ĺģȷ
ЩͷͷֻǵʯһӶ¥ϵɱѾ˰Ȼĳ̶ȣңʿһȥʱжˡ
ӢܲԥʴǧʿȥȺǶ䳡һǧƥϳȥ취գ˻ǳͼ˴ľʣֻ֣һֿ⣬ֻ轫䳡һ£ƥͣͨͻͩͲһǺüȼ֮;ɣܹ֮־ȼգһСʱƥͻᱻճɽ̿޷˽ʳ˿̾ʣµʿͻΧ֮ʱˡ
ʱӢܻʶ뵽˳еĽ˱޷ͻΧģΨһȴǵľɷӱԵɱǣѾ޷ٱȫЩˡǷһֻܺĳˡ
ʵȥӢֽ˼Լؼƻ˵һ飬ȥ߸ǵؽһҪټһʱ䣬ֻҪŽ֮󣬷ǻܹжģһʮõʳϳȥȻԼ򱱳ɱ֮зǳҪСһЩ书ǿ֮ʿͻΧˡҲֻкˡ
лɷľ뼱ٵƳǽһЩʳȻƴĽ¥֮ϵңʿõӢܵڿ֧š
˴Сʱ֮ӢܾͼǶ䳡ȻһƬ𺣣˻ֹӢܱǰ֮ˣҲһľģȴ޷ȥıʱִʸѹ
ǿŲȥЩƥĲ˻֮ӢҧʩչšʽʱɷʿͿ̣ǱѪӵļͷˣʱõȴƽǽƵǵɷУʱΪѾľ磬ҲգɷҲã˵һˡ
ʱȻһ˻ӢܼæתȴȲ֪ʲôʱƬ̾͵ߣһ߰ţһҧ½ǣʾԼߡ
Ӣв׺ȵ˼ͬزҺΪԲҵ¥Լȥǡ
֮ʱӢʲôֻĺȵʾ
ȼ˾Լֻǻ𺣵ķͣķ޿κεģӢҲǰᣬпսǰԼҲãΪĺҲã̫޷ѡҲʱӢ˵սħ֪˶õٵʻ飬öٵجʹ֮У˭޷
гսĸпӢܵĳֲû飬ȻѾսҪսĹʤһֹͣ
ս֮УֹСʱѾ˻ƻʱ֣ĻҲڽϨȴʴҴҵĴӳ¥Ӣܵߣ÷ЩѾȫսˣѾ˾޷ʳõģǱһƥսе˱ǧܹжѾȵϳǱȥˣֻǡֻûж˱˵ϾҪͻΧ£ʵ˵ڡ
ӢʵĻѾԵЩʣ۾ҲǺĴʪ֪Щ¶ΥյԸֻǿеѹԼû˵ʲôֻļȥ¥ʳĵط鿴һ£ȴеʳҲѾȫսɷʿ޷¹һŽǣȫϳųˡ
ŽվȴӢܷһ봵˺Žǡ
ʿѾӴ֪ӢܵľŽ֮׷ײٹɷʿˣʼϳűȥӢʴҴ˵һ䣺£ȥϳţϾ
δ䣬ͷһֱڳ¥ϵĺȣ¶ȥȴǱ򶡺ڵСլ⼸ȻûԽԽأԺʱ࣬ѵʱ٣Ҳȥسǣֻרĵչ˰ͽ˴ͻΧҪĲоԹ۵ʵѱסһʧĲ£ԴŶͻΧֻҪսûܹӽԼġ
ûã͵˶˵СլӢһԾŶݣȴһĲԼϸʱѾˣһһĵʦʦǡˣšһģ㡭ȥСԴ󡭡磬ӦӦңá졭ɷ֡еġ
۵˵ɵһãʦζҪͻΧȥġ
Ȼıŵʦ¡ңҡ֪ɷľӺܶ࣬㡭Ҳȥˡ
ʱӢѾ˽ȥԹһҾǰϵϳȥҴߣȥ
֪ѾѪˣŰͽȻ԰ȻˣһϲɫĴӦһͷ˶ȻҴȥ
ŶſѾٺ촽ƺҪ˵ʲôӢ֪˺ܿͻɱ˵ϳŵңӻڵԼൢ飬ʲôҪ˵˵ɷӵսˣҪͻΧ̫ѣܹϵڣһоȡԴ˵ҪȢ㣬һҪѵһ˵㻰ô
һ˵һ߽ԭڱĹͷ䣬ɷиһߣȻ˶򣬾һòεĸԼĸߴ󣬱𶡺ȻȹҪöࡣ
ӢһϯʱЦַ΢΢ĺΣҲû˵ҲûԹԵӢܽԼϣͷĺ󾱴һֱסĲǰ
ӢļͻΧŶţԾ˺ϣϳŶȥʱѾɼɷʿ˱ţڳˮӿ롣
ӢҲȥܣź򱱼ۣûãʹ˼ֵǳǵĽֵʬӢܷɿļһǹһصϳǴȴеңʿϣеϻˣҲеһһͬ顣
ӢܴԹһ£ңͻΧľѾˣ֪⼸Сʱս˲١
ʱϳǳ¥ɷʿ¸滢Ӫĺúߵš
龰Ӣܾ۴һ򿪳ţҸҳȥ


 341 ֱ
ңʮ׼Ӣܵǳžͷš¸¡ľ컺򿪣ӿɷľӣͻΧ׷״Сеֹ
ʱӢѾźȴ˾ӣǰ棬ǹ˲ʹ̴һ˵ĺһ˵ͷ­Ȼִȫ彫ʿҳ尡
˵⻰Ѿǰ赲һɱһȴ߶һˣֳһǹǹѪҲңܵбһƳʡ
ӢʵĴ֮£ңӷ׷׳˳ǣɷʿɱһѪ·򱱶ȥ
ӢԤƵɷľûֲ˻ͻΧң˼ٵĳɱ֮£һʱ֮ҳһţ֯ЧأңʿȻҲб׹ģ󣬸޷赲֧ӵĿͻơ
ʱɷľӱƴֻʣˣҲңӢľ䲻һҲ߰ǧˣлЩ书ǿ֮ʿĵʼǰա˺ǰһƬһƬĵڵϣҿˣ׷һߣм侹һӢʴžɵľʹ˹ȥ
Ȼ˵󣬵ӢܻǲҴ⣬һֱžǰʮֱҹĻҵһɹصСɽͣסЪϢ
Ӣ֪滢ӪĽúʱһǧˣİ˿ߣǧ¾ʱʣ°˰ˣ˿ߡǧˣа˰˿ߡǸʴӶɭǷͻΧһ˿ֻǧңֻ˿ߡǸһŰ֮˳
ӢͻΧĹоǧˣȴɵԱرʵڲҶ϶ܲȥɷĶʥǡ
ӢܵľЩʿÿ˶ЯһʮõʳҲ׼ɽȪˮӢܾ˼ܻҴҳȻʮ滢ӪȥʥǴ̽Ϣֽɵ׼ҵżżȥǳǷ̻һҾܹɽúõϢһʱˣЩһս˵ЩͨʿӢܣҲеƣʱϢһ¾ˣҲʥǽһս˱뱣ѵս״̬
ʱֿʼڻ̬֮ˡ
żҪ˵ۿ֧Ų˶á
ɫԽԽˣӢβ˾ǽܹκõģȻ˵ҩмϡҩģһʱ֮䵽ȥѰңΨһϣܹʥǣɷضӦҩĵģǶ˵ңʿܹõơ
ɽϢڶż궼ˣȴһϢʥǵرȻʮֵ٣ңľӦùżϢȴе˳رӢԤϵΧǳǵɷʿȻû׷ǳɭǵķ룬ǣǰѪϴǳǣ޷жңʿȫɱ˸пǣңʿ÷ǳı׳ŽʣĲ˽һȻֻһЩɷˣúҡ
Ӣ˽˱´ȫʿЩ˸ʶеĿеĴض㣬е޲Ѫڣƽ
ӢܲɽжеʿǳǷ飬Ȼʥǽ
ɽʥлһȫǰҹ֮ʱܵӢ֪һһԼǳҪһҪ־ӵ״̬沢׷˵ҹʥǻʮѰһɽþЪϢԼȴʡɡƽҹɫǰȥʥǡ
һСʱ֮󣬱һǳأӢһ֮£Ҳһֻǳΰ߾ȺͺǻҪһϣҳǽжʮ׸ߡ
ܣСɽ¹֮£ȴƺûʲôľȫʯͷ
ʱȥǳţȴȫرţ¥֮չͷ֪жٵɷʿءϾԼľѾϢһҹʥǵؾӦûӵǳǱߵϢ
ʱֻ˵Խʥ֮һǺһǸɽ·ˡ
Ӣܲͷһ˵ȴɣǰʥô
ɵ˵ͷԴӻһͳң֮εġʥǸȫǿɽȥֽʯͷǣûʲôÿġ
ӢҲ˵ңе֮ɷ֮УҪʥһˣǰȻʥǣӦ֪¥ϵ˵ǴǱ߽
룬ҡͷʥǵǽһ㡣Ҫؾ㹻ûκεĹߣ͹ȥ
ӢҪؾ㹻һ䣬̧ͷ¥֮ȥȴȻܶࡣûм̫ĵˣһ˵Ҷš
ȻһԾʩչṦʥǵĳȥ˼ˣһʸǴԽʲô
ӢܴʱѾʥǵس֮£ȻһɽĳХƼǺˡ
Хǳ¥֮϶ʱ𡣺֮һƬžһ
ӢܴʱѾγ˹ͷɷУһߵżһ߹۲ų¥ϵĶȴ¥֮ÿʮಽһʿ¶ͷʵϡ֮
˵ףȥһͻصʵ˵ĸǰ
ʵӢľУѾˣ϶¶ϲɫʵԽðͶʯ·֮Ѿóеĵֳԭˣʥϵ쵹ǲ٣ʿȴûˣδǶࡣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷղҾ룬Ҫǹ˻ңȻѱڶɭһˣǶɭǱܣңľֱʥǣͨر죬ʥʮϵıҲ޷ıܾ֣ʥȻգȴ޿֮ȫ˷ѣܹ˴ȻѾ˹˻ҵϣҵƲ⣬ʥǵķرȻ֮ЩҲʲƵء
ӢܵǻۣѾķжһɣȴԽʥǵر٣¥ߴ߰ɣյǳ֮ɲˣϧûйǵݡ
ӢһʱĬҲ˼εǳǣԼṦֻԾ࣬ǳ¥Զ½ǡ
ʱѰĿȻͣһϸֱİһߵģʮףһЦһֵˣҿȵϳ¥ȻǰǳһһЩɱصˣȥ򿪳š
һ˸ԽϷ书¥̫ߣ㡭ôǵȥ
Ӣϸ˼һԼ⣬ѾԽԽаգЦͲõģȵӵ˳⣬һȥġ
Ȼ֪Ӣܺ«ʲôҩ֪λԳȣᴵţ˵ﶼôһ˵Ǹ߸ߵʥǡ
صʿɽ𣬸Ϣ˵ڶӢܾžǧңʿʥǽ
˳ʱѾʥ£ձҹؿӶȸߣʥϵ龰ʱܹ۲Ȼÿʮಽһʿķأȷͬ裬ֻҪӢܹǳǣʥ̿ơ
Ӣ֪ʵ˶֪Լθҿڵʥ¥ҲȵڳкƣһԾŰԣͷһߵİ£ֻһ족ǰѾڵϣӢչе֦Ҷֻһͺͺɡ
һ֮ͽͷ˻ȥȻ˰ӵڼϣȻǱֱİ屧˻ȻɡǡҵǾ̴ǳһ
˴ӦӢܲԥ˫һ̧Ȼסǰ¶ˣʥǼܶȥۿž͵ǳǱ֮£طһıȣǰһ˵˳ǱڵײȻһԾ𣬽Ű֮ٵеȥһ֣ȴĳŸģȻ岻ͬԭһ
ǰʮףټϱѹĵԣֱֱİӢ͵˶ʮ״Ǽ⻹ҡ
ۿӢܵӾҪȻ׼Ѿɷһȣ͵Ǳһ壬ɷбټһ֮ʱûǱһ࣬ӢֱһƮȻ𣬸ýżɷеرһ㣬һֻӥһʥǸ߸ߵĳ¥֮ϣؾӦͷѾ֣䣬Ѫ֣һͷ­ء
һӣ˵ɷؾǳ¥ңʿҲĿɿڴ˺һŷӦžͱһصػ
Ӣվڳ¥ϣѾɷʿԼĻҪ٣һΧʮˣȴĹͷ翳в˰ɱڵأžȻýżһУȴΧ
ЩؾУսսҹֻõȫ󡣡
Ӣܲй趯ŵסԼӣ¥֮Ҳ֪ɵѾڿʼ˳Լľüڻ
ȻûһӰһѾžǷ
Ӣܴɡźǣڻұڻ
˵⻰һѾԾʮڷɷʿǰ棬ӵ轣Ƭ֮ͻɱ߰ˣһЩɷʿƲԣ׷׺󳷡
ӢܼˣҲҡͷ¥֮ϵɷʿᳬһ򣬶Ѿûжٶ־ǲһ
滢Ӫĺú½½˳¥ɷʿѾȫɱɢӢֻˣͳ˳¥˳Ŵƿţңʿ͵һͺ
ӢҲ˺ȣžжȥȴĽȫʯɣѹֹȥʯͷ֮ƣеİնԵĿ㲣Ӧȱ֮״ңľӽûоţ˻¶Цݣңݿͷ
ӢܼʥǵĴ϶пݵʬţҲף˻ұȻѾʥǵʳȫǳȥˣʥǵİֻ̼Ѿвȥֲó¥֮ϵЩɷʿûж־
һֱߣʱԽ˻ҵǰ棬
˻ȻռζʥǳԼУӢܴӦһʹžӣɵűȥ
һ󣬾ͼǰһʯɽɽϹͺͺĺһ˿ɫʯɽĶˣһĹеĽṹһ޴İʯɣûжĽһ㣬Եùأɻۡ˵Ȼǹ˻ҵˡ
һָԽȥɷĿ޴У˻ҲԴΪˣڲ֪ﻹЩʲôˣ
ӢɽϵʯҲ˼ţҪڶɭսʤ˹˻ң˻ұȻӻʥԼǧУȥ˱ҲǧܹȫսҪǹʥǸǲܵģʯɽߣǽеľӶۼʯǹ˻ʱ˻أƾɽҲֵܹ죬ҪʴΧǣҲӦϣм俪ɽȥ򿪳ţ˻Ҿ㳹׵׵ˡ
Ҫָʿʯȴ˵÷һȥ
Ӣԣ֪ҲˣعͷȻѾԼߣžԾ
Ӣ֪ʶȻлҪ˵£ʲô£
ʵղɷİոңסŹ˻ҵһмɷν־ǿҪСЩ
Ӣɽϵʯȴûмκε˵Ӱӣ֪һʲôطţ£ϢúܼʱҪððʧʧĳȥȻ
ʵɴ˿ɼɷİ˻Ҳһĵģʵûʧܡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˻ʧվӲһ
һ˵ȴ˼Ȼʯй˻ҵ־ս̫ټеֻ֮ʥ֮սҪˣ½ʿȥҪٹĵˣȫʯɽ¾ۼ׼ɽ
Сʱ֮еңʿʯɽ֮£Ӣ֪滢ӪĺúΪǰ̽·ʿ䣬ȶУɡǡ󡣶ҲҪǰȥӢܲԸ̫ðգȻȻΪӢܵľҲòֻա


 342 Σգ1
ȻӢ߽ҲûΥ֣ȻΣӢǰɱȴһһҾֵԽ⼸Щʣο²ˡ
ӢԣƵԱߵĹɫҲЩãƺǲû˵ѣҲ֪֮ż֮·Ȼû߻ħôأҪ޵ʱսֹǵȷеȻǿ˵ͷͬμӴս
滢ӪĺúһǧˣʱѾжϣӢɡʯȥһǧúں֮ȫɢɽϣ˴˲̫ӵҲԿԾ󳷡
ģӢѾ˽ǧʯףʯɽ֮Ҳ֮ңˣ˶֪ﻹй˻ҵǧ־أʱпȻѣԶǽСģɽϵĶ
ۿɽʮףȻ֮䣬޴Ļɽ˳ʯת֮͵Ӣ˵ǰ
ӢһֱСǰУȻ⼸ÿͻأǺεȵ֡Ʋԣбݣ뿪ʯףԱߵʯ֮ϡ
ʱɽ֮ϴһĺŽ֮ȻֳɷʿһЩʿһЩʿȴһˮӢܵ
ӢܴʱѾŵһǿҵĴ̱ζʶʲôᣬˡ
ֱӢܲסЩѾǳﻹܱܵùᣬӢһæ趯ǰһºݣ̫Ѹֻܼڿнһ
Ӣ֪áæʩչۿķ򡣽ӻס˲ȥֻǴ磬ҪҪ
ֻЩʹûû£ҵ类ˡ
ʯɽĴƽͺ֮ӢȻתֵǰס磬һɽƶ
ˣӦһų˹˱ȫǰ棬ʼƶ˶ãм滢ӪĺúŶƳ˵ס
Ӣܾͽϣص˰ɽɽԶѾĹΧ֮ڣ滢ӪĺúʱֲȴӢָܵ
Ӣ֪ʯɽɽңڣصҰû˿ǣҹǰգܾ֪ԼṦɽӵɽҲҪһʱ䣬ȫп϶׼صƣȺͺʥǻѹäĿӲƴֻͽµľӣʵڲٳʧˡ
һˣӢܳһ̾һӣȵţȫ˵ɽ¡
滢Ӫĺú׷׺󳷣ûã͵ɽ£ʸϽӭ˷ˣȻ÷򣬿˻ҵѹ
Ӣܵ˵ͷŸƽ뽭ҲҴ˹ǹ˻һߣҲӪ˶꣬ҲȻųֵ׼رˮʵԷҪ빥ȥʵڲס
ʱӢһҾֵԽȻǾͲȥˣ˻Ҳ棬ûʲôãֻͽҾ
ƽҲǰʥǼȻѾˣسǵЩɷʿѾɢȥ˲ɽݻȵϵĴǸͲýɽϵĵ˾ͻͶˡ
Ӣҡҡͷȴʵ£֮ǹǲ
ʺԥĵǹɣǾΣˡ
Ӣܵ£˵˵ɡ
ʵ˻ѾûʳʵĴһܿĻҲȻһӻʥڵʵ޷סʥǵĳţ˻ӲƴԵֵǹռʯɽϵնأ֧ŵǰŻƳǣʳҲˣ֧Ųǰʥڵİվ㻹ЩʳҲһɷľѲοǣ֮УȻвٵʳţܹȡͿȥ˻ҵĿǰΨһ·һҪ
Ӣܴʱ˵ͷ˸ƽ뽭һ۵߽β֪ѹ˵Ǳ빥ֻ˳ʥǣصǳǸɭȥܣ׽ЩȸЩҰ޳伢ȵϵĴ֮ϣҲΨһı֮
ƽ뽭ˣ໥һۡԼͬӢһҾƽԽǳʱĩûܻš˾Ԫ˧Ϊḭֻ̃ҪܹΪЧͣϾңĩ޺ҪôԽɡ
ʱҲԽ߽ĩķθ֮ԣĩ׷潫
Ӣ֪ƽ뽭Ӣսηĺӣ˵ͷʯɽϵһҪ£νúúһ²ǣڹ˻δˣǵʳҲ߰ãһʱ
һ˵ţһȫʯɽԼ뵽ɽ֮ߣн
ʱȥһ죬Ӣܻû뵽֮οľǣйȻи˵ҩģѾȡҩ£֮ͻЧ
ҹӢźȶʥѲΣİ¹֮£ȵ̤ʯ֮ϣĵġ֮ԶţʥǵذմʱѾһ룬ڳеСҲǴڼУټһʥԵһƬţ˸еһѹ֡
ȵػʯͷɽµؾӪ˾ʿ˶ɽº¶˯ԱǶڸ
Ӣ׼ҲڵһɣڵϣûбۣʿȵʲôˣٲҾͷżˡ
һæһԾȴʥǵķһˣҹ֮£ȴԼԼƲУԷһ˶Ȼʲôˣæһӵǰȱż˵
ӰҲżżС
Ӣ˵ȻǺӲӦɷˣҾӢܣʲôˣʲô£
˵֮䣬Ѿ߽ˣܿ͵Ӣܵǰ´һ飬ӣײİأһɴ֮磬СɣݼԽ
ӢܴʱѾһеģ沿һɽĵ꺺ӣ֪ǰԵʣȥɣұʲô𣿡
˵ŻȴҲ˹ʵ÷򣬳ʲô£
Ӣܵ£һɷİң
ɣӢܽʡ¡һľϲӢܵԽλǡ
Ӣܵλңʵ¡
ɣˣѽĽһֹȥСɣμ¡
Ҳȥɣ˵ʲô£
ɣһʱشֻʵ£֪ҵô
ԣʱһ㶣˭
ɣС˵ĵǰЩʱѾǰӦ츮ݼȥˡ
ӢһϽһϲʶʱԭǴǼġ
ɣʱЦ¼Ȼҵͺðˡ
ӢܵɣĿ˵
ɣһߵͷһߴӻͳһֽ£ԽǲΪ
˵⻰ӢʶһۣµʲôæɣѵʲôƲ߿Թ
ɣһͷص£ԽСһߣȿͼֽ
˵⻰ͽеֽݸʡӢܽһӣʿ˻
ʱѾֻֽһϾ¶˾ϲ֮ɫáð
ӢܱҲչȥһҲǿϲԭֽģһǴӳֱͨ˻ҵ
ʽֽӢܣɣɣⰵĵͼǴŪģ
ɣ£˻ͿʼˣֻǷǳܣСһ֣ȥһڿ֣ھ֮·ǳϤ˻ҷһƷĹٶؾǴʯɽһΪպıʧ֮ܵ·һ󹤣ԼҹʱŴֱͨʥǵϳ⣬Щڵص֮ͨգȴ˻ȫǸøΪھľ˻Ҫʵ벻Բѡҵ֪ºһֱصͼҪ׸ϣǸ̰˻ŵٻ˵ʲôҲϻֱǰЩ죬˵ԽѾǳǣɷͼľȫǵУûʳ˻ҳᱻϴܣŻģǵͼ˳ңΨһûռʥǣͳһң֮Ҫ
˵˵ͷǸָ˻£̰ͼ֮⣬ֻҲЩȲѣΣͼҪǽ游ʴӦ㣬Ǹֵ
ɣˣ϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫٴιڵϿͷл
ӢܿǵͼɣػһֱĬȵȥ·ǵͼɣ׳ͼ͵ȷСɣЪϢһҵҪ
һ˵ţһ߽ʿǷֱȥ֪ͨɡƽˡ
ûãߡ˾ʹҴҹˣӢһطΧһϥӢܱóɣŵͼĻ˵һ顣
˵ʯɽϵаͨɵ˶־ϲ
ʵԽ˻ңİȴܹǹͿգҹǾϮ
˵⻰ȴӢϸǵͼû˵ôͼô
Ӣҡҡͷ˵ͼ
ʵǺãǾȥϳҵڣȻ֪ͼǼˡ
ӢܵԹ˻ҵԸһеġ
ӢһĳѾû˸ղŵ˷ܣɵõ㻹ԥʲô
Ӣܵɣˡ
ʵʵĶ£ԶǧǰסӦ츮ݼضͼҲְ
ӢܵĶͼȻỳɣڣôȷɣĶӣ£ˡϹ糯ѱɷ˲֪ðĶӡ˵ǻʲô
˼ûӢܣôһʱһɣǵɣôǽ밵Ȼ취ȫ𡣡
Ӣܵ˵ͷܡ
ƽʥǵİաɣǲǴĶӡ
ӢһҡͷҲУɣǵɡôӦϵһСҲ׼һУز졣ȥʣҲʲʲôء
ʵô죬ѵǾ͵֪ô
Ӣһĳ˼ʯɽĵʮֵأΪֹҶ벻ʲôð취ôȥǳ֮ƣɣҲ˵ǵɣ̫ɣգǱȥðһð
ʵԽĹǷǳеǾҴһ滢Ӫɣһȥ
Ӣһֵ£αȥ
̵ԽΪգѵΪûִεô
Ӣɫ£Ⲣ⣬ұȥʵô
ʵã˵˵ܲ˵ķ
ӢܵɣѶȥ˾̫࣬ΪΣ
ʵ˵ͷǵȻ
Ӣֵɽϵĵǧǵ˱ɱһǣǵǳһȱڣ˹ҵ֣µѡ
ӺͺǵʥǣÿһζӢܵһǳǣȻܺõԼְڻź˸赵˭᲻Ҳû˵
Ӣܼ£㣬۲΢ٳ䣬˭˭ӣ
һ̾Ҳ㡣
Ӣܵ˵ͷһ㣬ҲؼһȻΪȻһ֮ڣǵ㣬ս֮ҿԿ϶ϱȻὫ̫֮λ㣬ϣϵңδǱҪҪ̫࣬£֪ų򣬵һˣһߣȻҪȫ֣ܳƥ֮°
˵⻰ɡƽͷƽһҾֵ£Խ˵þ㽫ңδ֮ðհ
Ӣܣû˵˺һŵ÷书ĿڲţҶʲô⣬˵ûʹһҲѹԼء


 343¡Σգ2
Ÿ棬ʶӢԾְƣһ÷򡱽еʵ֮Ӣֻ΢΢һЦļ磬վǰȥݵĺúһ밵
ɱȭӦһתҪȥӢܺȻһ£ǰ÷ҲȥϢЩңҲӦúˣ˵˼֮£书Ҳ˶٣ǰȥҪһЩ
Ͻ֪཭ţҲѾ³ӢõĶǺҵġʽбȻһβΪ֪ԵʣȻ֪һʱ֮ȴ޷ʣȵս½֮Ӣ̣ôһ˵͵˵ͷֱȥˡ
Ӣܼȥ֣ߵɣǰ˫ȻһüƭҾȥһ𣬿ϧǰһ裬Ĺ㡣
˵⻰һ죬ѾɣĺϣۼֻҪ΢һɣͻᵱ
ɣɫһȻعԡԽʲôʲô˼˭Ҫƭȥȥˡ
Ӣһ֮󣬾Ϳʼ۲ɣ飬ȻԾţʲô֮ɿĺ㣬Ҿվ͵˴˴ȻҾΪνղŵ
ɣæԽᣬʥȱʳ͸ż˵ǰɽȥˣһһЩףһãӽɽ˵ңľѾʥǣ֪лǧ־ʯɽڡѹδܹȥٺüˣŵͼˣֻɽ·СŵһЩʱ䣬δܽͼʱ͵뽫ԭ¡
ӢȻûп˵±¶ЦݣɣһҾɣ磬ʵڶԲҶˣϡ
ɣȴһ⣬ҡҡͷԽСǾؼϸóŵͼǽȥý档ȻˣС˾͸ڴ֮УʲôԾĵط̰ն˾ǡ
Ӣܱǰ·ôһ˵͵˵ͷҲãɣ磬Ҫˡ
ɣϽ϶ɷдɷ˸Ź˻ѡʵĹΣҵÿ𣬶ƽСлЧңҵ£ԽǧҪٿ˿ڡɣɷĹΣϴǷȻӢҲЩԼˣɴʱѾڼ϶飬ɣ΢΢һЦ˹ȥ
ûãݵĽúѾȫ룬Ӣһ۾ͿվǰзۣҲվԱߣ˹ȥ磬ŸˣξͲҪȥ˰ա
ЦûϵһֻһЩƤ⣬ûŽǣõֽ㲻ҲûϵֵܣͲҪˡ
Ӣ֪Ӳӣȷһ֣ˣҲͨĽҪõö࣬㲻ٶ˵ߵǰɫһƬ͵ǣϢѾ˰գ
һԽһҪĳսĳǹɢٺҲȻҪġ
ȻЩҲһЩսӢȻ˵ǲҲȥᣬбƳɫЩԣæǰǲҩЧƼˡ
ҡҡͷҩЧֻҪһ£˾Ӧް
Ӣŷģһ£ǰν밵Σգҿ㻹ǲҪȥҪʲô£ûչ˿ڡˣҲ˸һ󣬸˷һۣһҡͷԽ㲻ҪʦȥһҪȥġ
뵽۶Էǵسֻһ޽Ӣֻа̾÷ǸԼ밵ǿзǵ˼书֮⣬ȴһ˼ǾǷǴպݶҲŲⲻ˵뷨οʦս֮ѱڽϽµȷѪ꣬Ҫΰ֮ʲô⣬ԼһҲΪңȥһζҪһ
ҲٹܹۣɵԽѾˣɡӢܵ˵ͷɣ·ϳڴȥ
ûá͵ϳ⣬ǰһͼһʯʯڣǵͼʾھˡ
һ߽ʯСߵһʯ֮£ȴʯĵײһߴСԲʯ
Ӣ֪Բʯǰ˹ȥԲʯ֮ƣԲʯȴ˿
ɣԽԲʯлأǲ״򿪵ء
Ӣȥ˿Բʯĵ׶ˡȴֻһСڵ棬ʲô淴šȻһ˫͵ǾʯƳ
˫Ƹӡֻá䡱һԲʯ֮Ѿ˳ȥȴȻִţʱѾΪˡ
Ӣһ֮ɣʱԽ·ڣйġ
Ӣܲû˵˫һ졣Ͱγ˵ͷȻԭǱȴ»һҲ
γ˵֮̾һ˻ѣվǰӢܲۿȥȴǿװ֮ϣʱѾһĵˡԭεԵЩӢȹȥ˳۶ˣҪ֪Ѳ²ûеˣǰ棬ʵΣ֮Ҫڹȥװ֮Ǿģпսһ¸ҵҲųһųҲ¸ңװ֮ԴܹΣңҲȷһ˲š
Ӣװ֮֮Ľ˾Ϳʼ룬͵ӢܵطԸվɣߣ۲Ķ
խֻ˲Ŷһ·֮ϣȫЩúֲܴڵʯףֱͨɽ
ӢܼˣҲǰľҪǵû𹥻࣬Ƭ̼佫ĵΣʵ̫Σˡ
ʱȻһԺɵǰ̴˳ȥ뷽ǡɣȥ̽·һЩ
ҲϽⰵ֮ΣҲ֪зѷ޻أǰУʵǷǳðգӢ˵æԽΪܷգ»ȥɡ
ӢѾ˾ҡҡͷǰ㲻˵ˣ뿪
ʱõĿǣ̾һԽȻˣౣء
һ˵ţ滢ӪĽúǰӱӣѸȥʱ֮䣬ֻӢܡǡۡɣˡ
ȵʶӺ󳷣Ӣܱ㽫䣬־ŻѣŹͷǰȥɣ뷽ǵм䣬ȻǸŷǣȴ档
ŰһϣѾߵʯɽжΣʱȴӡӴһ
ӢһʱܵĶɣôһУ̻عͷʲô£
ɣҵĽűʲôˡ
һ˵ţһ߿ǽбб
ӢæŻĽһգȴŵĲЬײһ£ϸһȴһ֪ôľİɣѾѪܡ
ɣŽŲסؽлšʹ࣬Ӣȴǰؾ裬ľгް˼ࡣѱûƫƫɣУȴòɣ˵ɣֻҪ밵κε쳣ֵעģҲҪǰԭ
ʱ۴ӻóһö̩ɽɵֹѪݸɣͿ˿ڡҪ˶ãѪͻֹסġ
ɣлӹֹѪ飬ȻѵԼЬӣֹѪͿ˿ڴ
ӢܾһԹۡɣǵ˵ļϸôһʲôġ
һ󣬾ͼɣԽֻ޷ˣô죿
ԽӢԽҪһ𣬵µûϵǱˡ
˵뵽Լǰں󡣶ҪʱӦԺǸŮ֮ĿǰֻзǱˣʱǣɣ
ɣЩ˸ƺҲ˼£ӢܷԸҲ˵ֻ˹ȥɣ˱ϡ
һǰţ㵽һطԵñȱ𴦿һݵͬʱͨȫƽ·ӦѾɽˣӢܼûзҲʼǲԼˡ
˿ɣˣܲͣһͣС⡣
ԣͣˣæǰȥҲ߹ˣɣںˡ
Ӣܶɣһһǳ⣬ҪСҲ֮£Ȼзߣ滹ǷĲ£תͻص˺棬ȴɿǱվɣǽûȥӣǳűϵһ͹㴦ȥ
ӢƵһ𣬴ȵɣҪʲô
һ˵ţһɣӶȥ
ȻʱѾˣֻáһȻ¶ش󶴣ӢҲ䣬ʱ뷽Ǻɣһȥһ󣬲׹һ֮ϣ洫һ죬ǶھѾˡ
ӢʱһԾ𣬿ȴһԼʮףԼ׵ʯңʯϵ͵ƣǰһʯţͨ棬ʱǽعرš
һ̣ȴɣʯҵһõһһ׶೤¹ͷȣһӢܹǱûеХǻ񣬶ҽº޲֮УղѪ࣬û
ӢŹͷֻŻѣ̽ǻɣȥܵһ˲䣬Ѿ˲ĳʩչʽеһСޡɣȥ
ɣ¹ͷһᣬסһУŲշתӱŤʩչȷӢܿ籩ļ¹ͷƵü¹ǹ⣬¹ͷ縫УʽǼǹʽʽʽʽ㾫֮󿪴ֲʧɣ־֮£ǷʩչʽҲֻƽ֣ңΨӢܡѪܹаʤ
Ӣû뵽ò˵ɣȻһľ֣Ҳǰݣʩչšʽɣȥ֮ڣɣйأ·磬ðУӢ֮ܵԽԽѾֵסһسʯȥֻҪ˵ʯڣ֮Ҫ˶ãջӢܵ¡
Ӣһɣ˶һڹ۲ŷǵĶȴԵʯ֮󣬾һֱĬվһɣԼ֣жʱӳ˷ǵʯɽµһ״ֻϢȫǻԣǲȥɣ⽫ϵ󣬸ʯңΨһĽ;ԼˣȻٷ˵뷽оɣ˵ɷ尲ңڼ飬ҲǾŵġ
ڴʱȴӺǣҷʺ֮ǰ㣬㻹ɱԵġ
ôһУӢ뵽ȥһЩɣʱʲôˣҲǣԭ溶Ȼû޸˹˻ңǰˣҲ֪أǲǣ
Ļס˸ƺҲƽһŵ溶ʮǰͼ޸˹˻ң֪ˡ
Ӣֲܵ㲻Ͻǣ֮˵棬ԸȻΪȻɷ֮սȴǴڣͶɷ壬˵ʦ̩ɽе鶼ߣߴһ
ڷǴˣӢȫ²ⲻô룬ɣֵ֣ĺϻ֮£ԼսʤȻסǣɣٻɱǵǰΨһ֮ߣ˿Ȼ˵ŻȴԽԽѾɣƵʯڡ
ɣĵ֮£Ѿ֧穣ֻм֮޻֪֮ʮԼӢܵУæǣĻأʺΪ㣬ͷˣǽ밵û˭ܹȥ㲻ɱԵģԵһɱ˻ʺѵ޶ô
ǺȻҹʦ᲻£
ɣһмܣһĵֻʣʦˣһؾסǣв£Ҫʺˡ
ǲ˵ȴĳһһУǰ˼ȴ֪Ҫһ
Ӣܶʵ̫˽ˣԷǵ۹⣬ῴɣƬ֮ͻԼУʱűǰǾҪɣˡ
ȻͷոӹУһԣһۣ磬üģǡʽеһС¡ǳ֣ӢȻ޹˼ɣƳߡ
ɣõĻæʯԱһ͵ǰ뷽ǲվʩչ¹Ӣܹ
ʱѾ¶ЦݣΪɣҲ֪ǶԷɵ֮һ־㳬ԼҲ·ֻҪ֣˫֮ƾҪıˡ


 344 Σգ3
Ӣֵסǣֽסɣʱʽ仯Ѿľ磬гУӦ䣬ټۻ룬ֵĺΧ֮¾˿·硣
ȻɣʱѾ˷ǵĳ֣Լֻ߲ͣӢܵʽһޣҲǴϲ϶ӢѾһ
ʱӢһ߳Уһߴȵǣȥңʦټж飬ŽҹȥᣬĹ㣬Ͷɷ壬Ͷ˹˻ңڹ˽Ҷ¡
ʱһ󣬰һԵҲѿҧӢܣ˭˵һͶɷ壬˭˵һͶ˻ңҽɱ㣬ΪԼԼɱԼ
ӢܵӶЦŶԼɱԼǣ㵹˵˵ʵ̡
ȴ̾һӢܣ˵ʵƽţȥֻΪѧм츳ս֮Ҳŷ֣µȴ书ǳ˵ǻۣʵ뵽¼仹ЩʲôܹסģҹȥΪԼıˣҲòϣ㶷ǣұȻ㡣
ӢִЦ벻ܹõŵĿޣĳ֮֮
ʱȻֳݼ֮ɫӢܣϧ㲻ò׾֮ͷ̫ˣҪ֪ľ֣ش֮ң֮Уϳ⣬ƽ˼֮ˣҵ֮вĵģһ졣ҲʦҳһУԲòΪǿˣӢܣɡ
˵⻰ûһСǧҡѽҽı죬Ҳ˵ƺľȫҪӢɱɣ⣬һ¹ͷȸʹûӢһ衣
ԭɣɷػ鳤ϣɷݽѪ֮¡һ书ҲֻԵͰңĸȴֻ߲ͣ˻ҲŻҲʶֲԼ֮£ԲŸ
Ӣܵټϱ츳ϵļսĥһѧﵽ˸ĵزѾѪӣⷽɣ书ңҲӦҶŷǳḻĲ飬֣ʵȴӢ֮ϣ˼ãӢѾкüЩ˵ıУҿǡɺ׾ű䡱ľṦΣ֮ʱܹܹȥ
֪ѾʯﶷĸСʱ໥СӢֵغ֮ҲеԽԽ֪ӲƴȥԼУƲźá
ԸŵУڷ˫ӣʱѾҪˣﷴ뵽ɣԼΪƽУһ־;ȫּļȴĹ˵ĵԲҲѮϣ뾫޷ȣҪټȥԼܹƱˡ
һˣӢܵȵɣʱȻٽУʩչšɺ׾ű䡱ʯ
Ǻɣæǰ׷ӢѾⲻӲƴһʱ䶫ŲұܣǱزѣ潻档
ɣ׷½أȴӢܾһֵֻ׷µסڼ׷͸֮мӿеЩˡ
ҲϽȻ׶Էʲô⣬뻥һۣķŻ˽ŲӢܵһȴõʼרһˣɣǵĶ֣֪ԷǱɱһùıȻԼԶۻԹ֮£һ˱һ˾ͻΧӢǶһһ飬ͻ˺֮ǲӲƴҲš
Ӣսɣ𣬶ǵȴ֪ȥԼɣеµУ̾һɣǲǻʿ
ɣУˣʺ󻹴˵
ǵʯҵĻأǵȥС̫ƻˣǶԸġ
ɣۿԼ뷽ܹսʤӢܵģٶȥĺȴƫƫԼ˶ڶԷУк޿κΣصءһžȥʯĳһǰʯžͻĿˡȴһбϵƺһξ롣
ʯһǵһ˳ȥɣڶӳӢܹ˼һȥŪŪֽţԼ㲻ûᱻ棬ʱ򲻳׿Ƕһ𲽡ӷʯ͵һţһ֦ҵؼƵֱֱĳɣһһȻǾǰ档
ɣʱѾʯŴ洫ƿյĺ֮ӢɱҲȥᡣֻûع¹ͷӢ̶ֱȥ
ʯֻʣɣһˣȻͺöԸˣѾҪлƷҲڰ֮ڡ
ʯ֮䣬ӢѾ뵽ɣȻضɷҪνɷʺоɣּΪɺԼڶȻһţȥ֮ҪĵһҲԻ˷ţֻҪܹɱԼɣˡ
˼˴ӢܴһڿоһСŭξѩȫӳһʱ䵶Хˡ
ɣҲתʽһʱ֮Ҳϸ룬¹ͷȥܡ
Ӣܵһһʱɣ¹ͷ֮ϣ⵶ε֮ɣ¹ͷҲȻûбϣҲֱۣҲһӲԱ
ӢŷǣһӣѾʯţ϶ȥ
Լ˰ңѾƵ˷ǵӰʱ͸룬Ѿڴ
Ӣϣǵӻûȫȥڸ溶溶ţҪԵĳɣѾɱˡ
Ӣһ߽ĸҲǰݣ֪ԼҪɣδɷݣ˱Ȼйǣ͸ɴɣѶֻҪһȥɷʿŹϣԼھ֮С
Ȼ׷ǵ˼ӢļƵóѣ䣬ɺ׾ű䡱Ѿ˼£˳ʯϽ׷ڷӳ˲䣬Ҳȥ
ʱȴ䡱죬֮ŹȻĹвɵðһա
ʱֿȴһߴİƽ׵ʯȫǰɫʯ壬֮ڴУʱһرգͺΧİʯ޶£ȫǰسҲУ治֪ôˡ
ͷֻһʱѾɷʿΧ˹ǰ漸󣬺ȴŵǹꪵȱ߰ңΧ˺ü㡣
ǼӢܳɫҲһ䣬ȴһŮżǸˣ˱ˡ
Ӣͷһּ֣֪࣬ҪȫԼסģղ˵ıȻǹ˻ҵĻʺ溶֪һֱûзɣǣǶкĸ飬Ѿŷȥõһʱ䲻Լ֡
ӢԼǻ۴ܿվʱȫΪһηˣҧһӢܣҾͲڻӵù
˵⻰ʩչšʽӢܹŸ溶ʿһҪɱԵġڣѱ
Ļ䣬Ů˵ûУɱˣΧңӵ
Ů˵ػЩȥ̾飬ŸֱɷʿӢܹ˹
Ӣ뷽Ǽɣʯм˰գҲѾˡЩɷʿȫǹ˻־ҲЩ֮ʿټϷԱսӢܵ裬ɱʮ֮ҲĵסҾΧʱ͵İסֵܹһ󣬵ǿ̫أ޷ӡɺ׾ű䡱ṦѾȥһɫĽѣս֮Уûãͱһ
Ӧ죬ܹҪѾһѪڡ
ʱɣĸű˴˻أɣ¹ͷ
ʲŵȻ˴˵ԼĻҲŭ֪ĿǰĵӢܡ
޺޵ĵһۣȻȺʩչ¹ͷӢܹȥ
һӢ˷ȫǵˣѩĺɱ֮ڶѾȸղʯﻹҪΣˡ
ӢܿļţҲȫʪˣŲɱ֮УȻƳȺ֮ʮ״һʮ긾ˣһɫķɷۣ޸죬XXͷϣѩ壬üᶣӣXǸŮˣʱһһ˫֮Ҳ͸ɱ
Ӣ֪ʺȻ溶ˣòʵڱȹҪʤһ֮ʱΪʦҪŮӣȷǳ
ʱɣһǰһĽлţֽǽɷʿӢҪʯĹʼѾܣ£ֻܱסҪˣһ߷Уõһʱ֮䲻ȫһ߹۲ŵеĵΣȴʯ֮йţͨΪ֮Ҳֻƾѡһ뿪رΧشҪ
ʱŶһЩɷʿֳűսδҪȥʵںѣӢܴæӹһͷһӺȻ߸Ծ溶ȥ
ôһɣߺ˵ȴɷԣӢȻУǡʺ֮ĻҲȥܣֻʩչšɺ׾ű䡱溶ȥɷʿͷϵ˼㣬Ծ֮溶ֻʮԶˡ
ʱɣѾ׷ЩɷҲʼ׷Ӣ
Ӣܽ˫ֵĵѾɫĹܣסЩһǰеٶȻӰ죬ɣѾ׷ߡ
溶ɷʿĴӵ֮˶ʮסһŵɷʿ溶ģʱѾǰݡ
Ӣܱ֮ⲻھƣǰɷʿ溶ȥۿŷɣıѾ󣬺Ȼһʩչɺ׾ű䡱ľṦڿһۣѾǵŶȥ
⣬ȴһɷʿأæǰȥûãȴֵһɿһۣ̫ģһƿһȥ
Ӣ֪ηԼҪû˴·ͷӬײƲɵģ㳯̫ģӼӶȥ˲Ѿǰ棬ͷһӣѾĲϡ
רİǰƿէԼǰһˣϼһʱһһɣǸƿѾˤڵϣॡһһƬ
ӹ˲ȥʹӢܼİҺִ׷ɱź֪֮ʲôˣ̹ڵϣúúҲңˣֻǱ˻ƣŵڵйĸԸ
Ӣһ㶣Ǻˣ
ͷСȥһūͣϡǹ˻췴ɷļٻʵۣͰ˵̫࣬СҲǱƲѣúǧ鰡
Ӣһץסؿڣ㲻Ҳף˵ܶÿЩ׷ҪǱ׷ϣһɱ㡣
Ӻһ԰ףͷͬƵģ˵˵úǵߡ
һ˵ţһ߾ұߵһָָ
ӢҲϻ䣬һѾͿԼļϣȻ󲽵ұߵǵŶȥһȥһƬӣȴɷʿ׷ˣɣǰͷ
ұţȴһʯȣʯԷһЩ裬ȫЩ滨ݣʱѾȫɿˡ
֪ԼѾߴ뺷빲ˣҲӢܶ˵ǵ˲·ͻָһôߣһ󣬺׷ź֮ԽԽԶ
ʮңȴһСԺżʯݣСԺȴһ׷Բӣһʯ壬ʯɽǴ򲻳ģȻˮá
ӵúҿʯ壬ˮȥˮ͸ˣٺò
Ӣܴʯ壬ȴȫˮһʱҲףֻȥҲֻܱסһ󣬲ǳ֮ơ
ȻµӢܵĹ˼ɣæúȰҷģˮһܹصס˵ġ
Ӣһ˵֪ˮǬ
һվȣӢܹúմڳͥﵣκְ
ӢҲӢܣƷ½
ˣ϶ʱ¶˾ϲ֮ɫԭԽҲǻϵү̫ˡ


 345 ģ1
Ӣһ⻰뵽˻᲻ɷ岼µļϸ˼ֹ̬ƺֲ񣬱ŶΪʲô̫ˣ
һЦĵС˽ˣѾ˵ˣԭǺˣǱƲѲŵʥǵ̫ģСһֱŹ˼ң϶Թ˼ҶɽСҲǿеģ˻췴壬ĹΣ밵ɱϾңͥϧûǸ죬һֱڲӪںġ
Ӣһɫ֪˱ȻʲôҪ󣬱һֵˣɷ˾Ҫ׷ˣʲô͸Ͽ˵
˵ͷǣСܹԽƽµĶ׷֪ɷӦ
Ӣܵã˵˵ֻҪǷǷ֮룬ȻԴӦ
ǷǷ֮룬ǷǷ֮룬ɷذܣ˻ҳ֮СȻ³ΣҲϾ˹˻꣬ԽǻϵүֻڻϸǰԼ䣬ҵܹС˵Ķ͸Сˣľ;ˡ
Ӣܵ㲻ǹ˻ҵһūﵹҲףĶȻҲ޷
ˣһϲԽС˾仰ˣãɡ
˵⻰ߵˮرߣһȥܿðͷԽʯҪ¸ϣ˾Ϳˡ
Ӣ֪ˮȻˣҲ˵ȫ䣬ͽʯСȻȥʯһᣬ͸ˮ֮ϡ
ʯһǣⲻ룬ˮоڵһƬӢܵεұߵĳرڡԽǱһڣǡ
һ˵ţһ߾һ
ȻǱȥܿʲôˡ
ӢʱҲǱˮУ˵Ǳ졣͸оһڣ˽ȥ
ǶбŵģһӢܱˮ棬ȴһƬǰһʯңһյ͵ˮ档¶ͷæԽиѸ㻻ϡ
Ӣˮ棬ȴʯƽ׵ģʱѾݲʲôˣΪȫЩָƿ¯֮䱦ŻҲ˺Щ⻹Լü˵ţ⣬Ӧ㹻һһ֮á
ЩղűǰƿӢʲôˣЦЦ
ӢܵЦݣɵøɿԽȻ㶼ˣСҲ㣬ʵӹ˻ǰ췴ʼС˾֪ȻᱻϽģֲܣͶһСԺ˾סʱ䣬ˮôһʯȻһЩ֮˽Ϊպ֮ãԽ֪˵ԼĶЩʲô˰ա
һ˵ţһ߾ȥһҪӢܻϡ
ӢܼСԼ̫ɱѴҲǲײ࣬˻֣ʾⲻأȻˣҪ󣬱Ա֤û⣬ҹ
һʱСֻһƷС̫࣬ûʲô£Ҫｫֻ¡ֻġ
ӢܵҲҪȥֻ轫Լ֪ϸĸҾˡ
ԣɫһɣæúãСһ֪޲ԣ֪޲ԡ
Ӣҵһطڶ棬Ȼˣ㣬ﻹжپӣ
˵ǧ־ǹ˻ҴɷоѡģһһˣǧŹ˻ҵǰȥˣǧ
Ӣֵʳˮʣ٣
˵дССʮˮأٻְû⣬Щˮ͡ľ򶼻ܶ࣬Խ˵ʵӲǺѵġ
ӢҲƵлзǳ׼Ĭһ󣬵ǻʺô
˵ʺ޸˻ʱɲ˵ǺҵС㣬˻췴ͶС֪溶ǹȥԶ̫صŮֻһԶݣ̫رǻϵ깥֮ʱսġ
ӢҲ֪Թ˻ҵʱݣҪȢȥĵ֮Ůûй˼ɣ溶ս鱯֮£ռ޸ңпܳΪǿеĹ˻ңȻͼı˻췴ֻûٴͷ磬ҲѹҲֻǲ֪֪Ϣء
溶Ǹʲôˣ
˵ʺ󡭡溶ͦͦģǸŮˣ˻Ҷְ£ôûȢ۴С飬ҪԴҶ˵ϵϣҲҵʺ󡣡
Ӣ뵽ղȻֻ溶ҴҵһƳϵɱ֮ҲȻǸ򵥵ŮˡԷǵĸ黹ôĻʺ󣬻ԷǵòڲţʱȷܹŮӶĵرǮȻųơȾֹǱȷҪһģǳ溶һ溶Ҳ֪ܲһҲǻģԹ۾ͺ˵ˡ
֪Լ˾þòأɱȻ֪£ھУ˵ʽָӣĵľʻ̲סʯɽϵʱһǳĲأѹ˵˵ǹʣ˼ˣ֯ߵȵ˻ұܻңľӦϣѸٹʥˡ
ǵģֻһ󣬵ȵһЩٳȥˡ
ӢҲȥˣʼϥϢ
Ϣ߱ȫشС죬ѾֹȥĸСʱʱƣӦҹʱˣȴڵϺ˯Ƶˣһѡ
˱һƣˣԽô
Ӣܵˣ溶סʲôطȥ
۾һɣĪȥץסʺ󣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷȻ溶ҪܹסɷʿͶȻϲߣˣܹ񣬾˴󹦣˵ĶУҽϣзͣʳԡ
ˣһžҡͷ溶סĵطصüϣӲǻ첻ȥأѣ̫ˡ
Ӣ֪ô꣬ԵζȻϤɫһˣɲ㣬ҲҲ
һɫԾʱ뵽ԼѾʧȥüֵҪǺȻԼһСʵѱ˼ΥֵģæУУԽҴȥǣֻܲס溶ҪȫԼˡ
ӢһͷˣֻҪ㾡Ϊܲ£㡣
˱վǺðɣԽͳȥСҲȥˡ
˵֮䣬ˮ˳бصˮһĶĵӦûˣˮصıЩԵҪ˳ЩȴӢһһ㣬ѾˮʯһУָǳرһѾʯ巭վ棬ȴϢû¶졣
˼֣Ҳǰզ࣬ŵ˳
Ӣ¸ʯ壬ˣȥ
æԽȱæСȥ˵
һ˵ŻְῪԺеһʯͷһ׸ɾϡ
Ӣ֪Ǹˣ׹˻ҳǻʧܵģҲʲôһֵãȥء
ӦţȻʹҴҵ뿪ˡ
Ժ˴Сʱż˻ֻԽ溶ǸѾ޷ȥˣ֪㻹ڹУһһ߼ǿ˽䱸ʵڲûȥ
Ӣ֪е˲ࡣֲİ˳֣Ҫȥȷѣֻܴȥ溶ԽԽá
ֻôӦˣԽɡ
˵ž˳ȥӢܱĸ
ʯﴩԺûпʲôˣһߡһĵĵԽù˻ҴһˣǽҪ֮ʯûʲô˵ģʯ࣬ˣ׼·
Ӣ΢΢һЦҲù˻ҵıǲǣ
ֻøЦӦȥ
һ󣬴һʯ𮣬ǰܼ
˸ϽԽǰ溶ػʺ޷ˣʿţʵڲǰˡ
˵һŵԣָָ
Ӣܾߵߣ̽ͷȥȴһеƻֲɷʿһŵڴվţǵʣһٴеӡ
ĵԽ溶޷ҪXXһ۴ǸߣҪ޷ȥҪ˵ô죿
Ӣ֪رأҪӲǸܵģû·ͨô
˺ܿ϶ص˵ͷ
Ӣһʧ˼һ󣬵ˣĶϲжٵʿ
һ㶣ԽôĶȥ溶޷
Ӣܵ˵ͷΨһķˡ
˵֪ĶҲػƤˣݶϸǿ䱸ġ
Ӣ˾Ÿİȫر֮¿˵Ϥޱȣݶ֮ϣ̫ıȻǲܵأһǷֲڣǣֻҪ˿̳ʾǰУҲǰİڣǲ벼ˣǺ֪ǲʲôطģȻӢܹԼľԼµ溶޷׵ľ룬ֻҪ©һͻᱩ¶٣ʵûա
˼һˣܴܲҵ溶޷ĵطȥ
˵˵ͷܣҿԴƵ溶޷ĺȥסصطʮɡ
Ӣ̵ãϴȥ
Ҳ£ӦһʹӢһ·ȥ·ȻǾĵûʲôˣż·ӢܾͻǰһߣӦȥ
Լ˶ʮң˾ʹߵһ˵ԺӣԽȥסɷһЩ֣Ź˻ҵǰȥˣȫţ溶޷ȥ߰͵ˣֻһš
Ӣ֪˲ϵҪȥȻһ£ˡʿǵķǲһطӦ
һ㶵ŷһһСĹӦʿСӦнɣһСˡ
˵⻰ӢûŪֵ˵ǽɣԳɷĻϣȨҲС
Ӣ֪ɣʵǽɣҪŵܲܽ뵽ȥ
˵˵ͷܰСȻãȴҪС֣֮СȨȥġ
Ӣԣжʱϲˣ᲻ö
ҡҡͷᡣ
ӢӹʧȴЦСȻöƹҩģС֪еҩµЩͻܡʹش
Ӣһ⻰֪Լ˼ˣЦŵͷ㶮Щͺãˣҿ㲻ܹƣ˵ٶĻᰡ
˴ʱҲţûжٵΣգСҪ£ý˹ס溶ҪԽڻǰԼˡ
Ǹ˾¸׵֣ӢϲãЩʿﶯֽţ֮󣬾ͻǸرȥԻ㣬סֻҪŪʿǵ;ˣǸɣзǶϽһڲԾͻỵ˴¡
æòϣɷʿǷҹ˹Ķ˶þ͸ҹòˣǳ״ֻҪһؾӳ˻
ܹ֣Ҫ˶þͿԹˣӢҲȥðס溶ˣԾݶȿĵΣʵǰУȻˮʯȥ˵Ϣ
ݶ֮ϣȴԲǣӦɷһִͳģʽЩԲ֮УȻͲɷİˡ
ĵΣȴӢһϲЩڱ˴֮ǰ޷ֻҪԼĿǵҲǲ˷ģϾ֣ܲܵһδ֪ܹץס溶ǵȻá
ʯĶУЩԲסԼӣȴǸ߶ȵĽ䱸ţֻҪаڣͻѸײڶ֮ӹȥסˡ
Ӣû뵽ǣʯİȴûеĶ࣬Ϣʮ׺ûиоʲô״
¹۲һӢܺȻȻʧЦʯݶһľʯɣÿһʯĳߺʯͷļӲ̶ȣǹ˻ըƵأﻹõ˻


 346 ģ2
ܹϿûˣӢܻûзɾ裬ڼǰʮ֮ȻǰһԲǺ죬Ȼǳϸ΢ȫжϣԲһˡ
ӢĿԲǣ˫ʯ͵һţѾԲ֮ȴһźѵɷڴźǷȻֵӢܣûзӦѾס
ӢܽɷѹƵԲǵıϣѹҪҪҪ͵ͷ
ңͳһվãɷ˶ẺӢܵ¶֮ɫϽ˵ͷ
Ӣֵǻʺ޷ǲǾ棿
ɷһͷ
Ӣ׷ʵܲܽ޷
ɷҡͷ
Ӣܼ޷ʳʲô˼ȻشԼĻһһӣͽɷ˻ιȥɷ֮Ӣܾ¹ʯȫܷģһͨףҲܹͨ޷
ʱ뵽˹һ࣬̽ͷȥȴһյأɷʿűſɽšԱ׼Ż𹥵ľ͹ˮ
˿ӢҲȫĿԼľɽµ龰ȴɽµƻͨ龮Ȼ򣬲û˼ҪжʱһοʹȻѾȣ֪Ȩˡ
ɷʿ˭ҲûĶϿӢִ󵨵ͷȥȻݶһ׾֮һߴСͨףȫܹݵԼȥ
ӢܴϲԥѾƮȻ£ȵͨףһۣ˫һѾ˽ȥ
ǵ֮󡣡
ͽȴͨԽԽխеƹȴҲ겻ȥֻܹͷǿǰ죬Կ޷龰
޷ǿ󣬲õҲʮֵĻ£̨ܶڴǸɴʵĴ޷࣬ȴһ̴ԲԲ֮ߣʱȴһһŮŮʮ¡
ƶѡѩüӣţò䲻ഺȴһķϡ
ӢϵףŮ溶ֻѾǻĻʺһɫղţȴ˼Ůӵ
ӣȻӢܶΣӢܲҲò¾֪Ƿǣˡ
˶һֻ֮溶ǣҵһ㶼֪ˣףҼ޸˭ҵģԶģԶ䡣
ʱȴһ溶˵ˣҶԲס㡣
溶ĵǣôˣһֱ벻ףҺɽˣ⣬ΪҶȥ
ǵʦʵûа취
⻰һ溶ȻЦʦǣֻû˵滰գ
ǵ溶ʲô˼
溶ҶȥΪǸʦðɡ
ǸϽ溶˵Բعʦõ¡
溶Ц£Щչͬͬ˫˫ܣΪʲôҲ֪
ǵʱ溶˵ʦú֮ȫ׵ģʲô˫˫ܣһɺԡ
Ǵǲã溶Ҳˣ㻹㻹Ҿֻ֪Ǹ㳯ϦദĹʦãҲǺ޵ýղȥ˼ǸʦÿǰùѪͷǣ˵Ҹôźá
ǵʦõΣ
溶еڰػأûҪ
ǺȻҲһЦ溶Ҫ棬ֻǲͣ»أùʦû˰ɡ
˵⻰溶ʱóĬòŵ̫ˣһΪʹ࣬Ҳɱ
Ӣͨеϲһֱڵۻ£ֻ֪ˣȻһһǻҲûа׷ѣ溶л֪ˡ
ǵô˵
溶һ̾һֱΪѾˣҡȻܸˣֻ֪˹˻ҵػʺҲ̫ͿɽµľͶ˵ˡҵء
ǵô롣
溶Ȼּҵڲսɱľ֮С
ҵɱˣҺ޲ʳ⣬Ѫܽ
ǺȻ溶ܲһ仰
溶Ҳǣ˵޸˻ҡֻΪҵսҶȥҪù˻𡣶ˣҪǹ˻ҵػʺһǵǸ溶ʲô˵ɣԸġ
ǵ˻ȻЩСɷңʵ̫ģ˻ʳѾҹơһ¡
Ȼܡʱֻ㡭㡭
⻰û˵꣬˼ȻԲµ
˿ȴ溶Цȴ־ЦԵúɣǣΪ˻ôɵô֪ʵԱ̫ԣҪսʤʵޱȣ׼ˡ
˵⻰Լֵ˻Ҿçײ֮ˣҲҶ˵ʲôͻӣ֮Ը췴Ϊңܡ
ȻҲŶʲôܣ
溶һӦ֪ˣǾҵ󣬰չأ˻״ڣڶɭһ˷һܹ벻˾Ÿȴû뵽ӢܹǳǣͼʳɷľʧΪأڻ鹥ʥˡ
һ̾Ӣһмµˣֻɲ⣬ܹñ޷漣˰˻ܲҵlһ߰ķȻ³ˡ¡֣溶ҲĬһ󣬲ŵϧڰӢˣɣ̫Сˡ
ǵɣû¶ʲôӢСʵ̫ƻ̫һֱҸŽɣҲġ
溶ѾɽɣȥĴѰȥˣϣܹҵȻ˶Χɱ˴ˡ
ҡҡͷѾˣӢ˵;ģߣôΧɱҪɽȥӻ練ƣڻûнӵϢֻǱͼı溶ɵôСİ
溶ʯĽṹǷûһ·ֻܶط䶼ţӢܶȻҲ·ʲôطš
˵ֵǣܡɵӢܰ
ǵ˵ͷȥӢоԹɣɱѾ׷ǾٷŹˣᱻƣҲȻڴС
溶ȻЦǣˣҲȥ׳־ƣ첻µزˣģǲأƣӢҲɱ㡣
û˵ƺ˵ص溶˵˻ܣһʲô
溶ЦǣҸһ
һ˵ţһվߵڴڱһŪһ졣Ǳ¶һС
溶һ죬ӶȡһߴСغɫϻȻߵ˷ǵǰϣְŪ˺һϻӲŵˡ
Ӣ֪ϻбȻʲôҪ£񣬽š
ȴ溶ϻóһƤĴ򿪡
Ȼݵ˷ǵǰǣƣʲô
ûãͻȻվʧͨͼֽ
ôһУͨϵӢҲȻһʵ벻˻һôһ·Ҳֲıˡֻǲ֪ͼǲǻ£ǺðˣӢѾͨϵ·ȫоڸػ˻Ҫȥ
̸ס
ʱȴ溶ĵ˵ͷ
ͨĵͼ˻˵磬ҲԵȥ·ȴһ
ֿǵͼͼŴĺߣǺϲȫǽʯпµ쫷ô
溶һͷǣҶô˵Ҳû˸ȥԣǹ˻Ҳģı֮ǰͿʼ˵촬̽ʱ䣬ʮ󴬣ǧ̽һܹȥģ˻ȥߵĵͼںָźͼЩ̽ĴԼȥͽȫɱȻһʵش󴬣һЩоĵĴﲻҹţʱԳ
ֻǵͷԭˣ˻ҹȻһɵӣ·ȻԺ޹˼ˣأXXXˣҲҲġ
溶ʱȻѹڷǵֱϵǣ˻ҶҺܺã㶼ҵĵһˣҵҲԶģݵͼǾͿеһУһȥ裬ԶԶأ˵òá
Ӣԣ֪ǾȻѾ溶˼֮ףܹĳҲȷǹˣԹ˻ҵشֻ»֪Լһñӣ溶Ȼĳֶɻء
ȻҲû뵽ŵͼԼҲһֱڽǵͼȴ૵صãðȥˣȥˣ̫ˣʵ̫ˡ
һعɫһ溶سڱȻѾңľӷסѾΧסŵͼҲǺߣûãûõء
˵⻰ʧĽǵͼϣȥ
溶һЦߵ󣬱ĲӣȻȥǣ㲻õģ˻Ұʲô㵽ˣǰֹһڵġ
Դϲתͽ溶ڻУ溶ġ
溶ס˵ͷȴǣҪȥҲУĹʦãȥһңҪһ¡
˵⻰ӢжʱǡһһáǰҪ¡
Ҳ溶Ҫ˵ʲôˣһ̾溶кαΪʦãҺ߾ǡ
溶ȴȻУǣȥҲظˣҲһǣһŮˣҪǰɱ˹ۡ˵ֻңǲȥģ˵ӢǺãǾһͬԧɡ
һû˵˻ŵǺοࡣ
溶Ҳô࣬ǣֻһᣬԼѡѡɡ
һ˵šһ߳ѹ۸Ҵ
ûã졣ɷʿŹ˽ȴѪ˫˫ȴųص
溶һ֣ɷʿȥȻš
ۼǣԭ㲲԰׵϶ʱ¶˻ϲ֮ɫӿߵ˷ǵĸǰʦ֣ȻŮ˰ҷſ
ĴºŽɲʲ溶˵Ȼ
溶Ļɫǲÿˡ
ǣ㵽ѡ˭⡣
ۼͲ溶ˣʦ֣ʲôѡ˭ʲô⣿
ǲûлشֻ溶溶ѵô޹ʦô
溶Ҳ֪Ҳ֪ڣܲҲ£ǣҵ𡣡
ˣִޣҪŮˣ޸˹˻ңʦֺãΪʲôҪʦԶϲġ
ӢŹ溶иһ۵Ƣ֪ģ˷֮⣬κˣʱ˿̣ͣؼŭ溶ǿǣԷǵԸ봦ʵڸ߸ߵһġ
溶ǵǣɱɱ
ӢܴʱѾ亹ڹۣʵŮˣԲ˵ǳ¸ңҶڶĸһĳ谮Ȱ治Ҫǹˣжôģʵϳȥ¹ۣͨ׸޷̴ͨ溶޷ˣԷɣ뷽֣־ΨһĽ־ԼսҪ溶ĻɱۣȻ޷ⳡ١
侲һУӢܲûжҧ촽˫Ѿһֻϣǻһ˿ԣŹ۶س飬֡
ȻԸûʵ֣˵һʦãҶԲ㣬Ȫ·ҡ
⻰䣬ֻѾɿذγһֱĳشһй۵ʺһѪ⣬ɽߣҲ˷ǵϣԵޱȵĿɲ
׼˵û뵽Լȣ֮Ķʦ־ԼȻ֣ʺнҲ˵һ䣬ֻܵɴŷǣȻֱͦͦĵ˵ϣȻ


 347 ģ3
ĿɱۣԼȴΪӢܴʱĿѣоҪըһ㣬ҧŸԼʧؽг
ǺԤףȻһɱ˹ۣ溶ȻҲû뵽Աסˡ
ƽÿ£վãͳһžԼϵѪøɾȻת溶溶Ҷģ˰ɡ
溶Ȼ÷ɱ˹ۣ濴Уȴ˵Щʲôζһ󣬲һ˵ǵǰǣ֪̣ܲԶԶһԶԶĲٷֿκεŮ˸֮䣬ģһõģȹۺúܶࡣ
Ӣڷŭʹ֮ĻȴЦ溶ǸɺֿŮˣ˽ˣ˵˽ⷽǣݶˣǲк³ģıӦҲ
ʱѾȫָ˳̬溶ı֪֪溶ôˣѵһôȥҶԲס㣬պһúֲġ
溶ʱͷģôǡ֪֪Դӹ˻ҵͨ·֮ľҪȥһȥµ硣һȹҸӣڻˡ
ʱȻƿ溶׼ô죿
溶Ҳ׼ͿԼػԵˡ
һЦģĽеͦ˰ӢͽƻᱻƣǲģЩһֱңҲһֱ֮ǰζԹԹʵ˽ˡ
溶ˡһšæǣҪˡ»˰ɡ
һˣ溶ɱʦõʱҿû˵ˣѵ᲻ô
ôһ˵溶ҲϽôᣬҪϲ͸ˣǣҡ
ǵãȻˣͱܣ˰
溶ǵĿԣֻ̾һȻˣȥ
벻رҲŹӢжʱһȫѩˮ֮С
η˴Զûãһײ֮һѪ˫˫ŴҲ˽
һݣһ۾ƵѪеĹۣɫʱ䣬˹Ҳȥ溶Ź۵ʬʦãʦãôˣôˡ
ʱѾޱ飬ĵ㲻ýˣʦѾˡ
վ˫Ѫ죬ָ溶溶벻ôݣɱ˹ʦã㡭㡭
ǰ溶ʱ򣬻᲻
ǵ溶ʦɱġ
˵ԣϵ֮к͹۵ǰȫһ૵㣬ɱ˹ʦá
˵ʱȻһϵȥҷǣһ߿ʦ㣬㻹Ҫɱǣء
ˣִȻܴ򵽷ǣֻһӣصĵڵء
Ǵʱ˫ָһʤߵ̬ЩΪ溶£ûٺԣʦ㣬ҪһطȥһҪ֮ضԹ˵ڽ֮ĶԹ֮ǰһҪ֪
Ԫ㣬һʱֻҧڲͣġ
ͺһƵģ벻֪Ϊʲôɱ޹
޹һǱʦ
ҡҡͷʹˣ޹ǵûбʦ棬踺أΪң˴󹦡
⻰һһãȻͨϵӢһ£ȴǻһ踺أΪң˴󹦡޹޹һֱΪɷ鱨ľ޹ֲὫ̵յһֲ˾ŸܹõͺǵĲͼ޹Ѫӵ֮һһͽ̩ɽɣԼҲ̽Ѫӵ֮һû޹ȷԼص̫ɹˣѪ˻ҲỳģôȻ򳦵
뵽Ӣжʱһȫȥ
ʱȴǼ죬򳦹Ѳʱȴ޹򳦹ȵɽϡһ¡ʵ֮Ŵ뵽ȥˣ̩ɽһУΪ˵õѪӵسΣΪ˴ֲôġ˵һϢǾǹ˻ͽ򳦹ܵɽͿգеؾӶɽ֮УһңȥУػ״ڣµһЩ̽šѪӽɱˣƲѡԳšȥ֪ͨӢܡ
˴㡭㡭
ǵ֪ΪʲôҪɱ޹𣬸㣬ɱӢܣӢܲܲҲ˵ңһһܵͥע⣬ʦԸ޷ɣҪˣңͻң˵Ҫⳡҵģţ˻ҾӮһսģңֱɷ౶ĽֻӶЩƱŮˣ޷ռңңҲһ˳ɷʱ̩ɽɵ»ЧͣôʦԸܹɣ̩ɽҲһܹΪң֮ס
ʱȻЦЦ˷̣˳Ū
һ㶣Цʲô
Цǰǣڣ㻹ڿڿʦԸʵһУΪʦԸΪԼҰģ˶㣬㣬㣬ңҲһģҲиζڣ͹˻һǣҪǻֵĻʵʵ˵ҽöԲԣ
˸û˵һ󣬲ЦΣΣ̩ɽɵֵܽȥˣҲȥɡ
һ˵ţһ߻ְγ˳
ִЦǣལۡ
˵⻰Žͱ׵ʯԣһͷ͵ײȥֻáˡһ죬ɱţһѪĵ˵ϣѾɥˡ
ӢĿҾ緢ʱ֮䣬ӢηԼԡѪսĳһĻĻУǧ⣬ģҲҧѪʹŭѾ쵽˼ޣؿھͿҪϢǣһУѹסԼеۣܰܡ
ʱڵֻݺݵͱԼһ˷ǣҲ˷ǣŵҰģڹ˻֮£ɽӦÿҵǣ̻ɱΪҲʦȥӦ飬ˣһжˣһʱ˷ҲңޱȲصĴۣ˾Ÿ޹ʮʿʵֵ̫ˡ
ʱȴֵ溶Ӣܻ֮У²˳٣ߣҪʰЩ䱦Էʱ֮衣
溶ײҲ죬ŷǴ˻æǣΪģ׼ˣЩռϡ֮ŵҲ㹻
һ˵ţһߴʯڵһӣȡһúİ֪ԽԽãҴ˷ϵǾƤͼڻ溶ǿߡ
Ӣܼ״Ҳ˼溶Ҫ˽ǰȻҪ˵ضĿǰһʲôˣļãִСѶѧǲ·ıʶܹȥǰڡøɱƷ溶ػᣬң̫ĲƸ˿ǾܷŵȥģرǷǡԤʲô
⣬ҪѸ˳ͨףԭ·أǰǴȥʱȴ溶Ȼŷǵ֣ߣǴ齣жʱһ֪ԼؼƻҪա
Ȼ溶ŷǿ˴ڴͷһط˰񡱵죬Ŵ󴲾ȻĴмֿ¶һ˺ܿʧڶڣûһһǴĺˡ
Ӣһ䣬֪ԼѾ޷ֹ뿪ңǰ磬պֻºңҲƽˡ
Ѿ޿κΣǵֻܷһߣӢҲ֪˵ûУ˳ͨףص֮¹ʿǵĶ
ԼֹһСʱ֮󣬾ͼһЩʿʮʢ׷ľЩڷصɷʿһ˵һòͣȳ֮ȥֻ
ӢһֱĿţһع򣬾һɷʿĽžסӵڵϲͣشл֮ҲԽԽ
ӢһжʱףѾˡ
ȻʱԽԽʿڵϣһ߽лһߴЩģҲŶӰڵϣؿյ϶ʱҳһš
Ӣܼʱʱʩչɺ׾ű䡱ƮƮһԾ£˫һѾ˹ͷ볤嵽ǰһҴ̣ңʿţ½Ӣܣ̹滢Ӫǰӳ档
ӢܺȻɱЩɷʿʱмǿܹ˹ģⱻӢܼ׵ľնɱˡ
ʱɽµңʿȻҲӢܵźų滢ӪĽúȻǰ棬Ƭܹ̾
ʱһǷңȴñ
ƣʱ֮ϣֻһܹȻǽɣˡ
ӢҲͷһܣ־һӳʱ˽ɣ¹ͷϣƵһתʩչʽŽɣȥɣĻʺѾ뷽ǴӰˣ㻹翹ֻѰ·еʿͶ
ʮ֮ڣɣǲӢܵģʱһԹһߵ˵˵ʺ
Ӣܵɣú룬ĻʺΪʲôԸڰﲻأҲҪסǣǾˣ˫˫˽ʲôֵġ
ɣɵϡȻ֪ʺ뷽оɣҲˣʺô¡ɷǾͶġ
˿ӰһϣһĿӢ׵꽫ӢƵСʡ
ʿӢܡó̷ˣһϲص÷Ȼû£Ҿ֪ûôױɷ˺ġ
˵⻰ҿ˿ֵǡйأ
⻰Ӣܵоһʹһɣ˶һߵ£ǵҵһٸ㡣ȰЩɷʿ˵
ʵЩǲǱ˶
Ӣܵࡣҵȷǵ׷жֽš
ʵãǾͰһ
˵Ż滢ӪһЩúѾߺԽɷʿȫһɱ
ӢػҲǰϲҪڹȥЩɷʿѾʧȥ˷֮ǾͬпģѾ侲ˣ֪شɷ壬޷˷ˣ֪ǹ˻ұܣôԼЩӻҪһѪսͲٷֱȥЩˣͺǳһȫɱ֮١
ңľԽԽĳұͳɷˣַӢܵľ˴ɱɷûз֮һɵɱƬ֮䣬⽣Ӱҽ֮쳹ڿգĿյ֮ʬ̺Ѫӣ֮ͳ޵
ǽɣѾӢܲʮУ˳棬ҲһƬȻлҳһţﵲסӢܱļʱֹ֧ʮУȻһӢ͵һ̣Ӣܣתȥ
ԽɣɷеλӢŹߣͽں׷ϡ
֮ǽɣΪϤصΣת䣬ʧȥӰŪӢܺðҵ·һʿ֪ɣѾһ˳˰Χӵɽȥˣֻðϧ
Сʱ֮ϵɷʿѾȫӢһʿǼѰһߴʵ溶ػʺ޷
ƿ޷˽ȥŵѪ֮еĹҲǴ󾪣벻ǰǰ⵽˶֣ÿϧ
ʱ뵽ʲôƣôûмǣǸʲôʺ
Ӣܳ̾һ£Ҫһ£¿ܽӰ쵽ңδ
Ӣһĳأʾ֪ʲô£æʲô£÷˵
Ӣܵ˵ͷ±㽫ʲͨ׿һиȫ˵ˡ
ĬĬţȴһ䣬ȵӢ˵꣬Ȼһһȭӳ޷ӻƬѪǣǣ벻˾үүʮһҪɱ㣬ɱ㡣


 348 
ʳŭӢʱȴĴӷŭʹ侲£նһżҰģõ˵ͼҪǵ磬ңĴ󻼣ʵǿǡ
ʱҲ뵽һ㣬һĵǳȥ֪֮ʲôңпҪ¶ǰҲ֪ǻǸ
˵⻰ȴӢܣõ𰸡
Ӣܴ˿̻ҡͷǲỳʲôģң¶ôңͽһѣǱɷ壬ȹ˻һҪ̫࣬ʸûа취ܹ赲ǻһǳµĳ档
ʶĺ棬֪ܹңʲô֪Ӣܴ˵󻰣ĿҲȻ÷˵Ǹô죿
Ӣܵ£֪֪ĺж೤
ʵȻûȥ𣬴Լа֮ȫǽʯ
Ӣһ֮̾Ǹ޷֪ǴͣʲôطѾ޷ֹˣֻŸɱ׵ƽɷ壬Ȼˡ
ҲһȻ֪֮Ҳûиõķӣֻõ˵ͷ
ʱӢܺȻ
ݣ۰ݡ۶ûʲôֻվŸ֮Ҳǲˡ
ӢҲ֪޹ײװʢˣһ£˵һҴҳȥһ󣬾͵˲رǸСԺˮصʯǲûкϣ֪棬ȥǱˮУܿ굽ǸСʯңȴڸһ߸ߵвʱٺ١Ц
Ӣܴˮ˸ϽЦӭԽǵض鹥˰ɣɷʿ˻ӷۡҩȽⶾ˾ͻ˶ʹһûʲôζҽеĻӷ۶Žȥˣվ
Ӣܵ˵ͷˣˡ㡣ϺõĹײûУ
æҡͷûСҪôû⡣
û⣬ҵɽȥңһеġ
ӢһȥϾҪʥˣս֮󣬶һ͵ġ
ţ춼ϲ£ˣûӵĳл
ӢҲˮУˮȥˡ
ߵ֮⣬ȴʿʡɡƽȽָڿʼˣЩɷʿʬ壬˵ɽ£ȫʯͷҪҲҪˡ
ӢܴʱмǹҵȴǶҩ֮Ѿ˺תһɷץĺ˸Ůź򣬾ɽµһʯﾲС۴󣬹۸ǴĵշʵĸŮ۱ǲɱ治֪õجѶ֮ĳʲôӡ
Ӣܾʱ۵¸𣬻ǵȶЩ˵
ߡЩڣɽѾûʲôˣӢܱɽȥҪȥ
ʱȻûʯɽȼŻѣʵһ㣬Ӣܺܿɽߵ֮һС
û߽СݣһŮ˵С㣬𶯰ٶĻ˿ֻῪѵģͺֹסѪˣ˵ԽҲˣ㻹ȥʲô
ֻûǷĲ£ʦͶʦʦǣһֱܸеҪʲô¡
ŮڵС㣬ˣͺúõڴϰɣҪ㡭Ҫʲôҿɳﲻ𡣡
㣬£ҵҪöˣ˵ʲô£Ҳû˻ء
Ӣ㻹ڿȰ裬æ粽ߵһݣһͷɣɫ԰ףԵü㲵ضߣһݵ긾Ů
泯ģһ۾Ϳ߽ӢܣʱһԴ磬Դ磬û¡
˵žҪǿվӭȴ鸡׹
Ӣܼ״æǰסûʲô£¡
һ˵ţһ߻˻֣˳ȥ
ڡȻԹԵ˻ȥͷԴ磬ʦءҲû°ɡ
Ӣԣһʹȴûµ΢Цģûʲô¡
æʦأôҡ
Ӣ׼˵ǣ÷ȥǳһ˵ĶˣʦҲȥЩֻǻز
һһ̾ʦʦҪŵģǷʦԶô䲻ȣ֪ʦĺܿ࣬Դ磬˵ʦ᲻һ챻жʦЩ
ӢܰҧǿһЦҾͲ֪ˣҪǺúõˣ»ǵȵ˵ҪסϵϲбԤϡõԸпġ
ճյȻԴ硣ܲϴһҡ
ӢܶԶѼҪ棬˴ͷıӣԼǰ
СķʵϣǺЦһŵԴ磬֪ʦĳӲʦһҲܿ࣬ĺˣ㣬ʦʹһԴ磬Դ磬֪֪Ȼˣϴκ̸ģһֱ𣬺Ҹȥ
˵üȻһ壬ӢܵԴ磬֪֪ʦںǰ֮ǰ˵˵ȥǳΣգҪ£ɵѾͷһҪʲôɵ£ҴӦ۳ʲô£ҪǿĻţͶԲô֮ǺܲТġ
ӢҲ֪ж֮ǰйʲôԤУԶԸԼͬʱ£ǵȷܲסأ뵽۵һǿɾɱһʹæӦʦûУ
ʱʦô˵¼ˣϣֻ׽ˣҪǶ£һŻʲô˼ҸҴӦʦȴݺѵһ٣ҪҴӦҪǿзġ
˵ֵԽԽ£Եȵǳ֮һֱڿĶǹȥ˺üСʱûмǴɽɱҵľͱ£ĺ¡
һ˵ţȴ΢΢ֻ˵ʱ龰
ӢȻܹ׶飬˸ͷû£һжûˣԴ粻ô
ȻץסӢ֣ܵԴ磬˵ǲϾҪʤˣʦҲٲôΣյˣҺ̣ѪΪʲôɱңɱ㣬Ϊʲô
ƾĶۣҪڹȥӢܶɱ¾Ѫȫľģκεĸоǣھⳡпս֮Ѿ׵׵ˣɱ¾Ҳе룬е޴Σڶ⣬ʵ޷شҲȫȻҲ𰸣һ̾ǰҪʤˣֻ»һӲҪ򣬵ѹΣѾܴҲϣԶսˣܹ֮Զദ̫ˡ
ĬĬĳһ󡣶ȻԴ磬һ㻹ûУ
Ӣָ֪ʲôڻһ͡óһɫ㿴ǲ
ɫңǵն̩ɽӢһֱûӣװʯ֮СƷŷšоԸء֡
Ӣóҡ¶˾ϲ֮ɫһԴ磬Ȼϡ
Ӣܳ̾أӢܲǲľûи֪ԴûбػҲֻСء֣ˣż㡣
סż㡱ʲô˼кȻĪһң﹫ңĵһ˶ǡһѾͷ¹һ᲻ˡ
ʵòȻѷһ崿ҲǸһŮҽа֮ӣҲÿװ֮ô˼ˣǲţӢףһ˹֮𣬶һŮңһŮ֮Ұ֪ȻЩˡ
һֱս³ԽӢܿʱûгСʱʯɽϵѾˣ˻ҵľӰ˻ҲҪڰ֮ӢʱǾ֮£ټ֮£Ķʵܺദģ˵ѾͷʶʱһĳѾͷ
ԣʱֵĵʲô˵﹫ǸѾͷ⡭ôܣ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ㽫ѡݵŮһ̽ԼԵ˵һ顣
ڶУһֱû˵ȵӢܽ꣬ĵ̾һ﹫ǸŮӣҲûѡˣԴ磬˵ʵϲ㣬ҲòģӢţһɽһʲô¶Ѳ㣬ѹ㣬һ˸߱ģԴ磬ȻΣҲŮ˵ʲôҺ͹֮⣬ŮϲģΪ÷ε˺ܶ࣬˵Ҳܶ࣬ĵԸŮӰȫУеȴ١
Ŷ˵ԼĵӢҲһֱûоԼʲôʴȣ£ֻԶΪᵽ⣬ȴһս֮ԼͽպȥʱԼˣµһ£Ҫ㣬㲻Ҫ̫Ծˡ
Դ磬ʲô°
Ӣܵйҵ
Դ磬㲻˵ԼǹˣС޸ĸô
Ӣҡҡͷⶼұػԣúõҽ
˵⻰΢΢˼ͽԼ絽ңȥһ飬ֻǶ񲻺ã̫ܽϸֻ侫ҪˣҲСʱʱʯĴѾ͸˽
ӢܵԶ˵ȷ̫ˣҲ֪һģȻһĲ죬ĵ𾪣ȴһֱûдӢܣ˵꣬ŵֲûÿһʱ䶼ʧ˵ǱչҲֲòżʱ̸ֹܾЩֵֹģԭǶǴ
һˣֵգգԴ磬Ҫǲĸ׵Ǹϻӣһȥд̻ϣʱ书ǻϵĶ֣ɹˣս֪ɱԼ׵ȴԼİˣ治֪жʹ࣬գĺա
Ӣܵҵһ㶼ˣ֪һʣҲĺ棬һϸĸģҪϢˣοԸ⣬ս֮һ͹ص磬ᵽƼı仯ı仯桢ٻѩǣϣܹúõദ
ԥĵԸ⣬Ը⣬Դ磬Ҿ֪һƽˣҲûҪҪռ㣬ﶼܹܣȻҲܵģôֻҪңǾͳˣҾͻģǱʦҸ̫һǵģǺҷռ㣬ңҲܡ
Ӣܸ˸ͷˣˣڱ㵽ȥҲҩģҪá
˵ͷӢܾͽûһ˯ʵ˽ȰŶѣԵʰһ£һЩһ
Ӣܼˣһѱ𶡺ȥ
ֱ˳ʯ׵ʯɽ֮ϣȴʯɽϵķѾˣһʿѾϢɡƽҲˣֻװȻЩ̬ȻǿžѲš
ӢԽԽ㣬ҲһοⳡսȻпѪȣңľɷľ࣬ǣңδľĥ³ɳսҲᶮӲʩ֮ʱ붯ѪܱĶңս֮󣬾Ϊ̫ӣἫģϾ֪ʵıǴƵģ༸λͺӽӣ޷˽⣬ŶǱȲңδ֮ġ
֪Ӣλ̩ɽɵŮоɽŶҲò죬ֻǸеԼλӢ÷ƺЩ̫أ֪˲˽Ӣⶡ£Ȼʣֻǵ÷ŶȵȥϢһҿš
ʥǶʱ֮ڲɱһµĽ͹ˣʵڲж˷ѣӢܱ˵ͷãȿţһ㡣
ҡͷãźܿҪˣ÷ʵ̫࣬ǺúõϢһ죬㾫ָԽãסԽ


 349 ʤ
ӢȰԼϢ֪ĻеXXѾʱȫˣҲ֣˵ͷͱŶ򣬴溶Ļʺ޷Ȼǲȥģȥһöס£Ա̺š
һҹѾֲסˣɽ֮ʱӢܵĻѾ˯ˣֻﻹ΢΢Ĺһ˿Ц̡
ӢķųȥȴӭæˣײҵûУ
˵ͷĵԽҵˣϺõľģһѾ̧ɽˣ⻹ҵЩʯңʬ帯š
Ӣܵ˵ͷˣò˽ײ̧ʺ޷ȥ
˴ӦһתȥӢܾߵ޷۵ʬ壬Ȼ̲סʹѵ
ûã˾ʹŰ˸̧ײĽ
ӢǴ򿪹׸ǣȱ˽ȥֱ˹ۣ뵽Ӣδ֮ȥ˺ƬϣСĽ˽ȥ
Ƚ˷źãϹ׸ǣӢܻ˵ˣ߹ľ˼ݣŹ뿪˿޷ǵģֻܵɷƽ֮˻̩ɽˡ
ŪһУҲеƣ⡣˼дСݵͷ˯Ƭ֮˯ˡ
һѾӢ˳ȥͼɡƽվţΧһƺʲôûУȥϢˡ
Ӣܳƽæȥȡ׷Ӣáûһһʿһڵİ׷һ˫ӣһ̲ˡ
ӢҲʵڶˣŷʹڴڵĳƬ֮䡣һ׷ͷư˶ǡ
Ӣ극ƽһҾ֣ĵԽΪϣΪңذաðգĩޱȣ绢ңİ㣬Ī¡
Ӣܻ˻֣΢΢һЦ߽ͱҿˣֻǾһЩౡ֮˵ʲôġ
ʱҲԽͱǫˡҴӾʮ꣬ңеĽʶҿԿ϶֧鲻㣬ǻңκεһλֻǳһͱˣ֧ŵڣȻռ˹˻ҵԽսĴûзʲôˡڶȷǾˣһԸ׷潫ҡ
ɴ˿̾һԽϷʮΪҲжʮһ꣬ǲμӹϵġηʶν㣬㣬ϷҲֻ˵һ֣ǴԲᣬѵõǣδѮȻܹѪ˶ӣίʵǲ˼飬ϷΪǰ꺱ţ㲢һǰһ󶼳ң֮ң֮ӢܣϷҲδĶ֣ң֮ڣݺˡ
Ӣִ֪֮ʲô޵֡ͷβκȤֻһЦ
ӢܵĵȻƽֵԽ湦ǳһսù˻ұذɣս֮󣬻ϱȻͣ˧ָտɴ
Ÿƽ˵䶼һɣƺңӴ˽ҵս£ӢȴһƬĳأǲңƽ֣һҲڲúңʱ治֪ᷢʲôؾ档
ЩǣȻ𣬱Цˣô⣬պȻף˻ұ֮˻ʥǣȻһѪսҪ׼źá
Ӣô˵˹Ȼ׷׵ͷһ̣ȴʮġ
***********************************************************ʱת۹ȥ£ӢѾŴս׼Ϊ֪ʵ·ȻѾ˶ɭһ˾ٻϣⳡ֮սȻʮֲҡ
ȻӢû뵽ǣɣһûʲôҲûмɷİֳܱһ֮ãӢܲһҲõɷľݽ鱨Χù˻Ҳսܣңӵ֪֪֪Լʾֱʥǣռɷ
ȵʮ죬峿Ӣʽɡƽ˽ȥϢվɽ̸Żͼ׺ɵĴӦҴҵɽ¡
Ӣʶʱһۣ˽Ӣɳȥ̽ӣ˿ͬʱءǾ˵ڳʲô״ˡ
Ȼ׺Ӧ֮󣬾ʩչṦʯɽܿ͵˵ǰӢһҾŸ񣬵Խ£˰˻ˡ
ӢʵϢʵ̫áԣ϶һϲӢܵŶ˵ʲôطˣ
׺ǻʱǹǳʮӦҲ쵽ʥˡ
æжˣ˻ڲ棿
׺׽סһӵɷʿ
ʹˣ˵һǰ͵ִ˶ɣһһֱûɱ򣬶ÿɳһЩɷİھǰǺҪֹֿͣ˵ֻٸһλᣬͽȫ𣬾ͶҲŹ
Ӣ΢΢һЦͶɷ˾ͺܶˡ
׺˵ͷʼʱֻɷʿźҹǵľܡǺɷʳԽԽ٣ʿǴӹȥһͽһһͣͿʼʮˣϰ˵ܹȥͶǰ˻һһͶ޷֤ˣϾ˺˵ٸɷʿʮʱ䣬ʮʱһͽܹʱɱۣɷʿˣһӪһӪȥͶ˻ҾĲطȫ߽ˣֻӻʥĶ־ࡣֻˡ
ӢˣʱһƵðð˸Ͳסʥǣ˻ˡ
ʱϲʤɷѾˣ˻ҲѾͶ·÷˵Ǹô죿
ӢܳһǾã˻һʲô
һ˵ţͽйһȥ֪ͨеʿ䱸״̬ʱ׼ӭС
ľϢʿȫҴҳɡƽҲӢ˹˻ұܵϢǻϲأҪһ̣ⳡսȥңʿձҲԼҵ
˸߶Ⱦ֮УСʱңȴһ̽ӣɵĽҲҴұɽϣӢӭǰȥ磬˻ҵʲôطˣ
ǰʮ֮⣬ƺܿ죬֮ʱӦõִʥǡ
Ӣܵã͵ˡ
˵⻰һ׺ʮ滢ӪغúϳŹһ̷źţִʿǼַеˮѹˮľͣĻҲٲһ顣
֪յգѾʱ֣Ź˻ҵİܱҲӦõˣûãϳ¥˼ٵغŽ֮ǵ˱źš
ӢܵȽ첻ԼͬĶϱߣɽ
Ȼû뵽ǣ˰Сʱûм˻ҵıǣӢҲһĲ졣
ֹһͼ׺صɽ£Ȼ
Ӣܼһɽ͵״磬ô£ôǣ
׺Խ˵˳⣬ûдǣƹ˳ǽű߶ȥ
Ӣܻһֱоͼͽɷĵģ׺ôһ˵жʱһãʥ򱱾Ǻߣ˻Ӻߡ
ʱ뵽ǽɣߡȻʥǵʧأ뷽˽¸˹˻ң˻ҽƻޱȣͨĺ߶ҪǷݵͼܲһݡֻɷ庣߾˵ֻܳȥһԶʯּ࣬еֻǲС˻׼ܵĴѾ溶ˣҪûǲеأʮ֮ڣ޷ɵģðճһԿڲҲĿǰΨһһ·ˡ
һˣ̵ȫʿţ˻򱱶ӣ׷
ңӵս֮һƬյιţӢܵؾʿǶ׷ȥǣԼƥٵĵɽ¡Ȼ˱ǣǰ׷ȥڽʥʱȻоǧˣȴɵԱЩƣѾаǧ˿սʱѾȫˣеؽǾ԰ǧ˶Թ˻ҵˣԿ
Լʮңͼɽţȴһɽȣ֮·խ
ӢźӶУȻڼ׷֮䣬ûʧȥ裬һӣĶͣ׺ڣ
׺뽭治ԶæһҾֵԽڴˡ
Ӣһָߵɽȵ׺ʮ̩ɽɵȥɽȲ޵飬꣬ʮɵȥұɽѲ޵飬ǧСġ
׺뽭ԣæʮŵӷɽȥۿžҪȵףȻಡ죬ļ̩ɽɵصȥ
ȻɵӽɽϵĵõȫǿƬ֮䣬ɾɥ̩ɽҲɥ̩ɽɵĿװ֮Ҳһ
Ӣܼ״һ£ʮŶƱ˹ȥڻŽµ˳˻
˹Ȼڴ˴зӢ֪˻Ѿ쵽ʮﺣߣߣңͳ׵԰ˣԼ
´һ£ָӾӽɽ֮ȫһ
˵֮䣬ʹӺһԾ£ߵһʿùһƣֳŹмȥ
ȵ˹ȿڣɽ߶ʱ¼һʱЩʯͷ£Ӣһֳֶܣһ轣һ߽Լסһʩչɺ׾ű䡱ǰۣǼ籼һ㡣
ɽȲӢܵĽԾ֮䣬֮ʹ˹ȿڣǰȥ
ɷصĺȻ˻ҼȻѡ˵ķ򣬶ź߲ʮǸڵλȻͿԴԼõˣӢֱֱܱȥ
ûã䡱ĺ֮һ󣬾ͼһƬˮ⣬Ѿ˺ߣȥɷغ߹Ȼ洫ŵǺĽʯСߣȴʮףͺһСһ㣬ʯ뽸ʯ֮伫ܼ滹вٵİҪҳһȷǼѵ¡
Ӣ֪ܲ˻ʲôطҪƫƧ˵ɳ̲ˣȴҲף·ûмκεĽżۻԭأҶУһ·֮󣬺Ȼ۹һΪҵҪҵضһе㼣һֱţһƬµסˡ
Ӣȥ㼣ȴһ˫һ˫żú磬һ˫ȴ磬ǵ˫ֻеһӡ
Ӣ㵽˻Ѿûа취ٽ󴬣ֻ洬⺣潸ʯܲЩ洬̫Թ˻ҲܴУ˫żһ˫˵Ȼǹ˻ҵˣֻṦҲһӦԼֵĽɣǵӡضѪӣǳ㼣֮¾ֻѪӡԼܹˡ
㼣Ҫҵ˾׵öˣӢܴʱĵǹ˻ҵѾݴ뿪Ҳţ⽨Ĵֻ޷ʻ󺣵ģֻҪһ쫷磬ͻᴬããޱߣΣյĴһһͨ˲ûжԾ˳ܹҵ½صĻҲ΢΢
㼣Ǻ±߾ûˣӢһԾʯϸѰ˹ȥ
û뵽Ƭ¾ʯ罣ꪣ̬죬ӢʮӣȻû߳ȥ
ʱߺȻ˷磬ʼʱֻǴӢܵѡ죬һǷˣ˺Х֮ͨˣʱѾ޷վˣǺŰ֮ºݺݵź˻֮ߡ
ӢʱѾ߳Ƭ£һߵĺ̲ϣʱЩżںʧˣٿǰĽʯܼ¶һͨбף˻ҵѾ˺ķ֮£ϵС洬Ҳ׶༪١
ۿŷ˸ӴˣӢܾҪתأ֮䣬ǰĺϺȻֳһСڵ㣬ھĺд˽ʯ򰶱
ӢһȥȴǺڵ㽥ĽˣһҶͣʱпܷ洬Դϲ֪ǹ˻ķˣҲûеӼǰУֻлͷˡ
Ӣܲçײ֮ˣ뵽ɣҲսʤ⴬ϻһѪӣ֮£Ǻʤ㣬Ҫǿ˶ֻܰװ׵ĶһԿţĺá
Ĺˣֻص˺֮ϣӣ΢΢̧ͷ¿ȥ
ֱ˰Сʱ洬ſֻѪӵһ´ΣȻһӲûκεľ֮ɫΡȻʧʦ֮ơ


 350 Ӣۺ
ȻѪԼĵˣӢܼȣҲǰ˵ȻԼһ˵òأӦѾõòˣοġɷзȫұۣ˲ܿȣ֮˶˿Ӱ졣
ʱһȴǽɣϣıȴһˣŻɫۣʮ£΢룬˫ţȻǹȥɷʵ۵Ĺ˻ˣķˣôС洬ͨǾԳܲ˵ģѾڴл˹ȥ
һ´ȴǸһ´Ż²ֹžҡҡ׹Ѫȴһѷס
ʱӢܺȻһ£һ⡣
ԼղߵߣӡȴȻǳȻԿֻϣЩڴæ֮䲻ᷢ֡
ȻѪӲûп㼣ǺͱŹ˻ҵĽɣź¶ںš
ѪѾԼĵطӢܿǰһʯæŽ˽ȥ
ûãѪɣ˺¡ֻѪӵɣϣղŴôҲˣǷ»Ϣһɣҿ翪ʼСˣ˶þͻͣء
ǽɣãѪϣǾϢһ󡣡
Ӣھʯһ춯Ӧǽɣ˻ҷ
˭֪һšȴ˻ұž˹úĵѪϣɣϣڻˡ
Ѫӵǣϣûȫں
˻ҳһ̾ѪϡͲҪһˣҲףҲɷˣҲ׵ʧˣʺ󡭡ʺ󶼱ңűˣǻ߰ɣҪҡ𡣡
ȴѪӵϣȻ㲻ɷˣЩΪ⸴ɷ˼ǣľɷңʵ̫ԶǸƻȵļһҪʤͺѣʵһʼٱҾ뵽˽֮ܡǺһ仰ڡ޴½𹳡ֻҪûľͱ̫̫ƽƽʵۣɷĳһҪġ
Ӣ˻ȴһڿǳʱ뵽˻ҺпҪΪѣǴһͳңպпܱѪѪ¹˻ңǿͷ봴֮ʱ˻ҵΰ֮ܵ죬ʵ⣬û뵽˾Ÿܹһ٣û뵽ƾһӢܣõ͹ӦرǳͽΧˣҪǳʳʧҪʤңֻҲףƾڶɭһĲãңҪһ
ѪӵӢȻ࣬ȷĪҲг˴˿µز书ǻۣҿʵڲĺȻ֣ɷ尡дڣǵκμƻпܱƻǡ
˻һ̸̾ףӢܽƻýֲѪ֮£ֻûᡣ
ȴѪЦ˭˵ûᣬǰ
ӢһͰһá
еһӣѾγ˹ͷ볤
ȻѪӵĻӰһ߶һˣֳɷеѪֳ¹ȵؽɣ˵۾¶˳޵
Ӣֵ֪裬ȴЦѪӣԭͿҵ㼣ˣ벻˻ҲϷ
ѪӳԵأѾˣҲΨһܹɱĻˣܷŹ
һ˵ţұһ̧ɷѾӢĹͬʱɣҲһ¹ȳͷ
ӢܲӲƴ˫һѾԾǾʯҪߡ
Ѫ֪⽫ɱԷûᣬϷŹϾʯ̰εضʱվӢܵ󣬳һдȥӢݣֻתùͷȥڴ˿̣ɣҲԾ˾ʯ֮ϣ¹ȶӢܡ
ӢʩչšʽӦֵؼйҲǰп࣬ѪӵṦ˶٣ǺѰѡֻҪѪӽһ裬ɣͻ֮ʯԸɣعʼƣѾǲˣĿǰľ棬ʵǲ֮
˶ǵһԷ֣Ƭ֮ھʯʮУѪӵɷʵ̫죬ӢܹȥķԹءҪȫXXXڶһһĽɣӦֽȻܱƻѪӵĹƣ֮Ѿǳ
ʯϼܣֶʮСӢܷӳһһѪɣˣԾ˾ʯ֮£ȻѪʹⲻ˷ѣӢܸһվϣӰ渽ʩչɷȫ
Ӣܡɺ׾ű䡱ṦתۣʵڳѪӡһʱ޷ֻüת˶ɣֺһϵ
ʱȻֿʼ˱㱻紵Ŵʹǹ˻æӢܸղŲľʯ֮¡
ʱӢܡѪӡɣѾܵ÷ȫϿ۾Ҳˣ˭ҲûзŻֽţȻȫಫš
籩֮Уֹ˰УӢֵغϻ֮ѾԽԽ֮ʱԲѪһСӦÿ죬һɷвû̫룬ˣҲǾʹѵͻһ¸Ѫɣɳ֮ٶʮУӢֱܵѪӴһУýɣ¹ɨһ£ѪֱۿѾֲ֧˶ˡ
ѪӴ˿̷˿Ц֮ԵģƽţֻϧΪУ֮һúð㰲ᣬ㱩ʬҰ⡣
һ˵ţһߺȻ߸ߵԾ֮Уڿͷɢòħһ㣬õһУҲǡʽеġħʽӢܼѪóʽʱһƬ֮ʱҪӦ⡰ʽҲǳÿһζҪһв֮ѪôУһɣ¹Ȼûκεİ취֮֮ۿžֻ·һ
ڴʱŵһХһߺܶСġ
ӢѪӶϤ벻ô͸ˣֻǻһ
ѪʱѾԾߴХһ»һȻı֮ɷз죬ǹ˶еı֮
ͬһʱ̣ɣҲ¹ЫȫͷͷδѾ˺졣
Ӣ֪Լһ٣Ҫֿʱ桢աᡢҶٻѩá櫣Լĸ׷أЩԼ׽˵׷ɿӹУôˣ̫ĳŵҪɣҪѰҵԼףҪԼĸ
һǿǿǿˣеת䣬б߼ӿȻһҲ֪ءĿһŵѪӭȥҲ˽ɣ¹ͷȣһûκλɵصطҲȫǡʽеһʽӢۺڡ죬һƬұţ˼鷢ˣѪӾһڿбطصĵڵϣеɷҲأɣ¹Ҳĳ֮ϣھֶڿײ¡
ıʣ˵ѪɣӢԼҲˣ벻ûʲôõһСӢۺڡȻ˹ѪɣǿҲûеĵزرѪӵءħʽԾȡʤԼҪ÷֪ҪǼֱһֲֿ֮
ԭ֪һСӢۺڡʵѪӵġħʽ֮ͬϵȫͬǣѪӵġħʽʱġӢۺڡȴֲʧܣߣǿҵóһУǼеǱܣԱƽʱǿһͳѪӣټȻѪɣܵġ⵶֮ʦһʤҲǿеľ֮дµһУֻȡСӢۺڡҪߺˣںεΣ£ɷΪȻԴ漣ųƵĴӢۡ
ӢȻҲھ֮СûзκηΪʤĻᣬɣ˱ڷ㶣ȻһС¡ɣ֮£޴ɵǱһֱ࣬һڼͷбֳƬѪܵһأʱߣ״֮ҡ
ʱӰһϣһɫװѾӵӢܵǰ
ӢæһҾʡ
Ӣܣϼ𾪣ϲãܶղźʽðԵ
ӢܵǡʽеһʽӢۺڡƽʱһֱûùղ֪ôľóˣ벻ô
ЦһؼһӢۺڣܶӢۿɲҵǰôΪԵӢۣˡ
˵ŻȴƳѪӣʱѾӵվЦѪղ
ң֣ѪܵͷҲûУϾ¶һֳԽĵȻ΢ЦֻӮˣ׵׵Ӯˣɷң֮Ҳûɷһ壬Ǻһ仰ʤΪΪܣ֮ܣ޻˵ⳡսңҵɷİ޹أƴǡ
һ˵ţһ߻ƣӢҪʲôȻȥֹѪˣ
Ѫʱͣһ˫ȻӢܣ˵ͷӢܣһ£֪ܴܲӦ
û뵽Ѫӻ˵ĻӢҲһ㶣ҲѪúã˵ֻҪܹ쵽
ѪӵһҪȥɱ˷ǣҰγ磬ֻ½ǳˣɷ뺺嶼ǲһҪɱ
Ӣܵ˵ͷԭҲ˷ǵΪˣģһҵɱġ
ѪʱȻЦӢܣǻ书δĳɾͱȻףɹˡ
ЦУѪӺȻһԼͷѪɱ֮УĵڵϣѾɥ
ĬĬһУӢԼͬѪľһ˶ףѪ˵ǲúûⶨģ˳Ѫħ֮ɽпʮųһǶ˼ӦɷӢۣҲһĺӡ
ĬһȻ˻ңó˰ɣˡ
ĻǾʯӰһһǱҵĹ˻Ѿ˳ֻԶѪš
ǰĹ˻ңȻһ̾˻ң㸸ΪңϹᣬĹҲ㲻벻˵Ұģңݵ֮ɷ뺺ľнҰ֮ʵǰˡ˵ɣԼ˽ᣬԶ֡
˻촽һʡϣһУһжѪߥ޵ģҲһʱͿŻĵϣҵΪ½ɽķϣһɣӴԺһúõˣЧҡЧһϡ
ʱһЦ˻ң㵽ڣǻϣǾӣһʱͿ˻ңôȻҵ˻״ڣôȻڶɭһ֪ʮ˾ة޶ʬǶҲôȻѰҵ˳ĺߣȴңֶһĻ
˻Ŀԣææľܣֻʮףȴ˺±ߣѾһƬˣӻΣվסˡ
ӢܼҪٲȥæʣּ֮˵ĹѪŪ֡
һ˵ţһߺŹͷŹ˻Ҷȥû˵κһϻһӵһĨͽųǵأž˴֮УǺϯ֮£ѪûпͲ֪ȥιϺˡ
ɱ˹˻ңӢܱ㽫ͷ£ߵߣһҾϲʣƽɷ塣
˻֣ϲɫһĻںޱ˵ʶѾǵ¸ˣôˣ˾ة࣬޹ʮڶɭһսңʿһȥңֻ½һѡ
Ӣܵ²ָʣҺγһʱ˷ʵڲ֪ᷢЩ仯
ʱһҡͷסɫˣǲȥ˻ҲһǱӣң£ܶɷ£ʹˣһζҲûʲôã뷨ֲǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣ뾡նȥLڣǶȻǵLҴСﳤ󣬺ϤҵһУҲܹҵ


 351 ʤۣ1
ӢҪLĻҲһͷѾȥ˽£Ҫһʱ˽һУܶԽȥԽãڷû֮ǰ
˵⻰ӢܵܶҪˣʤѪɣĺϻǳ޵ϣ˵ң֮۵û˻Ķ֡
Ӣ΢΢һЦʣҲ֮ˣѵִҵΪжߣжãҲǵֲһӵġ
ʱֵܶ㣬ֶֻӣѪ֮ǰĻĳɾ͵ȷǿԳԽҵġ
ӢæʣѪ˵⻰ֻ²ơ
ЦļѪʼ֮ģģ˳㣬᲻֪ܶѪ˵ĻʵҲԺնǸˡ
˵ֵˣնѾʥǣȥɵѾͷǰʱ֪㱻ǰδͿʼ跹˼ǰ˺üһ޷Ҫ
Ӣܵնˡ
ʱȴһ˵ʵܶնĻϲ룬ϲ۹ⲻһǷˣǵȴһ֮бȻաҪǵ¡
ӢܵᡣҪǳȥɱ˷ǣȻҵҵʲôҲˣֻնǴһ𡣡
ҡҡͷȻϧϣ²˳ܶĸ׼һܹµһעͨ˲ͬˡպ׵ġ
һ˵ŻӢܱȥѪӵʬ壬׼ʥȥúõİᣬҲûзԡ
ʩչṦʥǵķ򼲱ӢܸеĲԽԽ죬֪뿼Լ书չʲôزˣҲȫУʼʱ˶ʮӢܾͽĸʱһٶصѪӡΪĸߵѾԿˣҡҡͷܶ޲Ҳǲеˡ
ԼżӢʤȻҲˡʣôôˡ
޵õϢռ˹˻ҵһ˱ҺԿʱ׷ǰ棬֪˻ߣ͸ˣǰɽȣʶָʿǹɽһʲ֪׷ˣ˻ҵֵ»ѪɣֻӦʹæڵЩû뵽ͬʱѪɣܣһ漣
˵ŻǰɽȻһ󼱴ٵ֮תͷһˣһɫףŰĿӢʡ滹ɵ滢Ӫĺú
ҲӢܣæͣȻһԾʣ÷򣬻ãû¡
˵⻰˱ӢܱŵѪʬһۣ˻ѵ⹷ˡ
һһӢнӹѪӵʬ壬һߵ˻ѾڽܶС
һŵϧϧӦð⹷ʬɶβǡ
ʶɽǱôˣ
ʵ˻ѪӶˣɷʿѾû˶־ǵľӸսûãǾͶˡ
˵ͷãʶȻʥ˵
æһ£սǣӢȥ
ʥǷУɽȣȴʱеɷӶˣңʿѺǰУҲֱͣʥǶȥ
һСʱ֮󣬾͵ʥǣȴʱѾؾӣǵȴ࣬뵽Ѿ˰ţɷذ̫ܵľš
һֱȥֻĶңӭչʯɽΧҲվңʿ
Ӣܸûϵʯɽͼʯɽ̨ϴҴҵһŮӣŵӣȣȻоò֪ȻˣæҲӭȥ
ɽҲ˲Ŀ֮£һԴ磬û¡
˵Ļһ˫۽ıסƺҪȻƵġ
Ӣܸյı۾Ҳ΢΢ʪˣһֱڿԼȥеŮˣΪԼ뵽Щ¾ͻԥѶϡ޷ضڻգؾòӦðˣӦԼŮԼˣǻӢ̼֮仯˲಻ϵĶŮ֮顣
ãղ̧ͷһ˫ޱȵȻѩ׵ĸԴ磬˺ö࣬һΪңˡ
Ӣգȴ㲣£ʪէ΢󻨣üƵбҲеǱȹȥ͹Щ΢ᣬҵնݶˣԴ粻ã㵣¡
һЦҡҡͷҪ˵ȴӢܵ˵ˣСл˵ңõ﹫¸컯֮§ӱңɺͳ
æȥ˵ȴʣЦˡ
նʱһţӢܣߵǰһµðеȤԼá
ңʤɷ壬˸߲Ҽ䣬ԹЦӣ֪ʱΪҵĺ÷˲ٵᣬҲӢһһãã֪ûУҵûС
ʱ涼ǺˣôûУôûУʸȥ
ִЦУҲһûеӢܶ࣬ιѣҪʵʵ˵ǲǣ
ӹɣչŵӢȻҪһЩŸ˵һʱ޷ӶߺˣѾɽϽȥ˵ػеʣʣһܸ磬۸ҡ
˴ɷ彻ս˵ӦǱϲΰ룬˾Ÿ򳦹ȱ״ʬǶ粻˾Ѿȿιȥ⻹зӳңҲ֪ʲôܲǣϲȴԵĳԼĻλˣʵԣңİȻ԰ҵ̫֮λȫԴ֮ˡ
оӢܣӣһ͸е˴ϵԼԼʶǿ֮βԣ֪Ҳ֪ӢⳡսеȫΪиǳ˾̾˵Ҳһ˿ľɥô˵һ϶ԼҲ㣬òϱȲӢܣѵõֶû䣬֪ȨףĳݹӲ˫Ըʵѵ֮ǿġ
ʱľϲһԶŮȥһ֣ҲˣһѾˣ˼ҵϱˣһͽΪһСʱһˡ
ôһ˵˶־ϲյһһ磬ҿɵһ㹧ϲˣҪ͸ʲôҲźá
Ӣϵս֮Ҫ̫ӣҲѾ߱ʸ񣬱߹ȥļ£ҲҪ㹧ϲˡ
˵ʵʲҰĵˣĸױ̺ŮңǳӣһֱЩţ˵⻰ǶԼ׿ˣβǾϲӡЩʵʣҡ
Ҳļʶʲô˵ˣĻ֪ܺãʺ⣬̫֮λõõģڲž㡣ΪңİպΪѣϣ׸ʵ˼źá
ʲͣصͷףס
һЦãصӦ츮޾ͻگȫΪ̫ӣȥɡ
һ˵⻰һЯ˶ӵ֣ɽȥӢܺЦһۣҲԼͬ˶Է֣
֮ϡ˻ҵ˵ܯټڽ£˭𰲸գ˭Ѱб˭ָȥʳƬ֮䶼źˡ׼
һͣסڽɢȥӢȴûߡһҾֵʣ̽һ¡
˵ͷܶʲô£
Ӣܵ븸̽һңδ¶Ѿкܾˡ
Ŷ˵ʲô
ӢܵΪңշǳ֮ߣӦ׼źá
ԣĬãܶ޽ңȥԲԣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣȻңİջһЩڱס
Ȼһ̾ܶ뷨ҲûпǹЩһֱĿƼĸıǵһЩϾˣҪһӹ죬ֻºϰߡһ㣬ҲǳҪӽĻңѾй߾L֮УҪL᲻ܣLսҲֹ̰֮˼࣬ңĲƸֻ½Ӷᣬңİնԣͻһѣ籣״ĺã⣬ة˾ة֮ʱҲֹ̽ҶôΪ
ңL֮ڣLξ涯ȷǸǳ⣬ңҪûǿľΪܣҲǲܵأӢҲһʱĬȻ
ʱܶⳡս޶Ѿȫˣһ£ʵûи˵
Ӣһ㶣ʲô£
֪֪һλѣھ
Ӣܵ˵ͷսۻʱն˵һľˡ
ھȥһˣֲӵĽ̹٣ΪɱһԼŵظ߹٣ܵձһɱ֣ձͷɱ˲ٵˣͷйŪһסˮƻйؾãھ䱻йͨа֮ģڡˮƻȫʵʩ֮ǰ֪ͨңֵձȥ˺磬ɱͷӡ
Ӣܵλھǰʵֵþ塣
ھȻֵƣҲΪʦҲ뵽ңпܻ⵽ʣ֣ңĿǰ״ȽȫǲһҪȥľ̽ӴԱңʱ֮衣
벻һ壬ӢܶʱһֵðֻҪͨ·ϼңĲȽûκε⡣
ʱһǳȥ޲µò꣬ңܱȻй©ѾĵȴˣܶǾͻӦ츮ްźңһкһӾ³ȥΪң׼ȻأҲ˲ôˣϣңδܹ֮갲źá
ӢʱҲѪڣʣӢҲԸߣӢܼŵǮƣҶԸó
Ӣܣһͣվߵǰļܶ⣬Ӣܼĸµģ޲ҪǮҳң֮Ͳǻʵ볼ӵĹϵҲӡ
ӢҲ֪ĸδػԸʣγȥ᲻ĸһ棿
ܿ϶ĵ˵ͷᣬһҪĸף¾⿪޵ȷжԲסĵطҪԭ¡
ӢҲϣĸܹĶԹ⣬Ҳ˵ͷʣҪǻȥɷ˭
Ѿʵ˹ͬ˶޶꣬ǳ˽ɷˣӢսʵϳɶı˴ཻ֮꣬ɷ壬ҲǳģңҲʶˣⳡսбֲɳܿ죬ӦóȴһЩᡣ
İţӢҲúףǡ
˵һӻ֪ŮӢ֮߱飬˼֮࣬ͻȥʲôصӦ츮֮ϸ˵
ӢܴҴ߳뵽˶򣬾ЩӵĵѾܹ´ˣӦǡ
߳˴ʱѾϣյŮվڵ⣬һӰ룬ǰУ¶㣬ȻҪˡ
Ͻһүȥū
Ӣܵ˵ͷ͸š
˼ķǶ˵ķ䣬жʱµ˼֡
Ȼһ͵˶ķ䣬˽ȥȴڶĴǰ˵̬ȣκ죬ԵüǼϲá
ƵӢ˽ձվԴ磬ԭôôû˵
ʱ򶡺һ´һߵԴ磬˵ȥ˵û뵽ȻԵôãǸѾͷòҵڲ֪ʲô
붡Ըֱ˴֪ԷܹദǢҲӢ֮ܵУˣлһϲ


 352 ıʹ
ŶҪ´æȥãȱڴ˵ˡ
ղż޸Ӣܵʱ򲻹ʮ꣬Ҳʮͷսڼʮ꣬Ȼƣȣཻһ㡣
յķ֮£ֻ»ص˴ϣһĸмԴ磬˵ȴĳòҪҡ治֪˵ʲôá
ջӢһ𲢼ڴߵãôСܹðոԴң˿ޣʲôҲˣʲôҲﲻҲ㡣
ӢʱǿģЦ˵ˣͱ㳤Ļƨˣӻֻϣܹòźá
նʱһ£ðʲô໥ƨ˵ĶĻ˵
һ˵ţһ߶ԶãҲһ£ʲô֣Ҳ۸ǡ
ҪƽʱӢǳݰĽˡǲġôһ˵һʱ֪ദֻشһ¡ȴǸ⡣
ӢǳǾ˱֮ģѴ٣ڲࡣ˴װ֮ϲһֱסգһַֽԼ֮УһЦðڽͬ˹Ҷ֧򲻸۸ǵġ
ʵҲĶϰ֮ˣദڿôһλӡɵĹóΪպ̸ĵ֪ҲЦͬ˹ֻˣպμӵԽԽ࣬ʵԽԽ׳ˣô졣
Ӣָ֪ǣ˵ʵҲϸ˼ˣཻŮҪؾۻദҲᣬ桢ѩǾûģҶٻȴˮ֪ԼȻôãȻһʱϰߣĴӲԸĽǫѷãԾ˭졣ĵ櫣ǳ˽⣬櫶ԼȻһƬ飬ְҵعϵԣֻºЩŮ˺ƽദСһ𳤴ĻѪŮӢܾ˵ûκεĸ飬Ȼ֮ǰݵԭŴξܾԴӵ˾ۻҲϣܹԼһ𣬲ٹ¶ţִؿ֣һȫûаҲΪѵý
Щͷһ±΢ЦŵնңѾҸղź͸ˣǳȥǿҪ˼׼
һӢ⻰Цðȥˣȥ㡣
ˣȴ΢΢ͷȴЩ
ƵǴֶŮӣ˶˼ֵã¸ʲӦǳȥ
ĵ˵ͷңһû˳ȥǹȻԣҡ
˵ϻ֪ҵ£ί㣬ҲҲҵġ
£ȷ֪ҲµδػϲŶֽ˽ãͷİɣ¾ͽңʲ᲻ӦģԼ͡ôԼҲ˵Դ涼֮£ϣԴûг
ԣǸмʵǶл
ҡҡͷĽУǾͿһˣҽãͽսɡ
˵ɴãҲˣصӦ츮ҽΣٺЩԴףǾͿ˳һˡ
ԣӢ붡򶼾˸ãӢ΢΢Цߵϼɣȫƾսǡ
ռΪ˸ѾûйȥôɬˣŶ̬ʱԼ˵Ҫ޸Ӣܵϲ֮״иУ˵ֵֻ˵ͷ
ʱȴһ£æԴ磬ʦأ㲻˵ȴ̽ôɷѾȫƽҲ˰ɣҺʦûмˡ
˵иʦæǰǰҲʦ˵иºŽɲͦģԴסҪ
˹ӢһʹѾ²һŶ򡣶ѾЩټԼնȰοӦò޴󰭡
̾һãҪʦ͸ɡ
ˣʱԴ硣Ӳ㣬ôҪȥ
ЩûʦһֱšҪʲôµĸо˿ƵӢܵɫĿͷʱһţһץסӢܵԴ磬ǲʦˣԶԶ
Ӣû˵ֻĬĬĸЬӣȻ溶޷ȥ
˿Ҳʶ˲Ծæ
ûã͵溶޷һƿţƼڹײģʱһʱ֮䣬ʱӶһŸҲʵԡԴ磬ײײ
ӢȻû˵ֻŵ۾΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
ӢܵͷͫԵһȴƴҡͷŵⲻأԴ磬Դ磬ڸҿЦǲǣһǵģһǵġ
Ȼ֪巢ʲô£ҲɷῪЦʦȻڹײ֮УԱʹƶУŶֻʧӺǿ̲סֲ֪ʱ˿Ӧø˵ʲôֻȥס֡
Ӣ֪Ӧõ㴩ˣĳһӲڹײģһʦģһʦġ
ȻƴҡͷҲţҲţʦǺúõģ˵ʱûк͵˽֣ôܣܵġ
ӢܽıŶ򣬸оҵĲʦڵУǱԼɱ
ʱ˭˭
Ӣܻһһٵĵ١ǡ
һ𣬵ɴ૵ĵʦôܣôܣʦôϲΪʲôԲҪʲôôɱôܣ
Ӣܽڷеһãѵ˵Ļ𣬷ǸĵĻҪݶʦĵȷȷĽ¡
˵⻰ͽͨ׼һԭԭĽ˳ľţȻûᣬȴỹҪ˼֮ᡣ
Ҳȫ벻¼ĵˣȻɱవ׷Լʮͬʦãм𾪣Ǳˣǹ䣬ͺԼǹۣǶһ㡣
һֱȵӢܽ꣬૵ĵԴ磬ܲٿʦ
Ӣ֪ҪһۣԲû˶ףĻµ˵ͷȥſ˹۵Ǹľ
ǹľ֮ззʯң۵ʬ廹ûиãֻһԭѾЩ壬Ҽǲ԰ףпɲ֮С
ʱ򶡺վֻȫӻΣæȥסһһسŹײĶ
˹ײıߣֻһۡͺøϽĬĬŹײѾЩ˵Ĺۣȫסˡһľżһ
Ӣ֪ʱھžҵĶھһдδйرʹһ󣬱㻺Ϲײġ
ʱȻһסǹ׸ǣǳ˹ļеһҪʦڸ˵ڸ˵
Ӣ׶ĸŮһظ顣Ѿ˹ȡʼԻ֮Уǿк˹ײġһ߷ץŹײĵأأʦ棬ûг˾ûˣûˡ
ŶӣǺ£żԴ磬ÿˣô죬취
ӢҲСĶܲסĴȥ׻ʧķ裬ߵߣ˫ֽץס˫磬ѣѣʦѾˣҲܻתӣʦ֮ҲʹģһϣúõĻţҸػţҲʦԸ
⻰˫΢΢˾۾Ҳ˷Ӧֻ૵˵һ䣺Դ磬ʦúòҡ
ǰһڣͷһΣӾĵڵӢܵĻһʱʡˡ
Ӣܼ״æŶ򣬻صķ䣬æ߿Ҳվһԡ
һƽ˽ţһţüͷҲһ壬
ձûϢãҺ㿴žˣ㻹ǺȥϢɡ
ҡҡͷһۣˣЩѻ˵ҲһЩġ
ӢܵǺãҲš
ȴվֵԴ磬Ϊңôãɷ屻׵׵ĴܣҲúúϢˣ˵Ҹ˵ѻòҪԱߣʲôһġ
ʱȻһ£ʱһŵǺͿӴ븸£Ҿйˣ㻹ûͰһˣȥŪЩԵ
ӢܽסյնģԴô׶˵Ҳǿ֪ʲôʱѣԱϢһ¡
һߵͷһ֪֪Դ磬ȥò͡
ӢܱųȥصԼݼ䣬һױȥŪЩԵҴҳˣڴϣѪӼɣսһóǼǱܣޱȵһСӢۺڡʵѾ͸֧ȷеƣ룬Ŷ£ȴôҲ˯ţһֱԺĵţ˺ܾãҲսԼͲ֪˯ˡ
һʯ֮ѾӢæ˴򶡺ķȥſţȴѾ붡˯һ𣬶㶼ڡ
붡˯죬ӢҲԸȥǣ˳ȥţͼ˹˵ô
˵ͷûöˣһ˾Ϳ޵ǹһԲͣȰǶȥϢ˵ЩҺ͹ˣҲ֪ˣүûУ
ӢҡҡͷûУǺúõ˯
һͷǣҽȥǣλ治֪һĸǹᣬѾ˴ࡣ
Ӣܼһ˵һԼԹ֮⣬֪Ϊӱƽ΢ЦʵҲ֪һĸǣҲõң׵ģҲһܺá
û뵽Լİﱻλүˣͷүҿû˵⻰Լ˵ġ
һ˵ţһ˵ϽŶȥ붡ȥˡ
ӢıӰҲǸ̾մ꣬òҲ֮ˣ͹ϣҪԵóһЩҲҪȾ࣬ʵյĺð֣ҲˣҪˣպҪúõɫһ£Ҳһ
߳ȴɽһƬæµװ׼Ӧ츮ˣʱҲҴҵĴ˳ļ÷򣬸ʱĩ㻹ȥ׼ˣնûС
Ӣܵ볽ʱĩһʱ䣬նЩˣ˯һ
ʵ˵ͷ÷򣬻صӦ츮֮󣬸ʾͻ£һȥǲ֪ʲôʱټˡ
Щ빲֮⣬Ӣս֮飬Ļ֪һ˵ЩʲôҲһѽʵļҪ˶ãʼȻңһῪɽңͷˣҪɲʲô¡
Щǵң£Ҳ˵ˣֻ»ѣֻϣܹͦȥźá
ӢܹЦûʲôͦȥ£ҵ£Լҵ£һãһҲˡ
˵ú϶ʱҲֳ˼֮ɫŵĵ˵ͷȻһֻ
Ӣ˼Ҳ֣գһۣȻͬʱЦ˶˳ţ»ͣʢδ㽣һգһ˲䣬ҲͬʱȷԼķܶĿꡣ
ʱȴڴãܺãʶܶˣңµȷҪסֵͬģϽǣ޾Ͳ޷ңİĹϰҵ
ȻӢͬʱعͷ׵ĵطЦο˹ȥһеʡ


 353 ֮
˹ЦһۣȻעӢܵܶղ˵ҵ£Լҵ£˺ܸˣҲû׽绨Ů޸㣬Ϥ磬ҲϤңϱң£ֻҪ࣬Ҳ࣬ΣգܶҪ׼źá
ӢҡҡͷܿеĵʣеǣΣҲĵö࣬ҵĵطԸǡ
һֽӢܣһֽʣܶ˵ʵǻ۾֮£ĸ׵Ŀںܶ෽㻹ңЩ£㻹Ҫ޶룬ֻҪܹңİ㶼ȥؾ޵ͬ⡣
Ӣһĵͷˣܶʲôϸ˵ȥնѾ׼
ӢܴӦһȥ˶ķȴ붡˴Ϻࡣ㶼һźš
Ӣȥƶ򣬼Ȼ˫ͨ죬һ㲣̬ȴָŷģҲһ˫Щ׵Լ΢΢˵ͷʾʵˡ
ռɷԼһ𡣳ȻһЦԴ硣ǲǸҪȥˡ
ӢܵͷǣѾˣ㡣
պһ࣬վðڿԻȥˣûʲôʰģãǿߡ
ʱҲ룬վӡӢܵԴ磬ʦʦĹľô죿
Ӣܵģһڶ֮أʦȻҪ̩ɽᣬӺݣһȥһ˵ġ
ԡ
кǸмԴ磬лл㡣
Ӣܻûд𻰣ȴãһˣô⣬ʲôллģŶ̶̩ɽ֮С
˵Դ磬ҶҪȥһʱҵ⣬Ҳ̩ɽʲôӣ£һòã
ӢҲ֪ûôĴҲãͷãǾˣ߰ɡ
ɷӦԼһжʱǸˣŶȥ͸ʰ
ûãʯɽ£Ѿͣŵȴˣ滹һºȻǸ׼ġ
Ͻţշһ㲣崿Ůһɽǣһ˳УȻ֪֮£һḻ̾Ͳµ˰˾ųɣӢһۣȴû˵˻֣һּݡ
ͿʼƶʥǣӦ츮ȥ
һ·УӢں֮ϣһЩϤĵطȴǸпϣǳʱ뵽سʱϰٳѪƴսź֮ƺڶʡ򳦹ʱдǽڲƵڻۣ֮˼˾Ÿ׷ԲھϷĦͼ֮飬ȴʬ޴棬Ҳʹѽʵȸ棬ڹй˾ŸһżǰС
˴˿̣Ӣ֪ܲĪҲ˾Ÿ򳦹бڻ÷飬뵽Լһɴ˿ʼֺһп
죬͵˺ݣӢȥ棬Ҫ㶡̩ɽһɣȻֹֻǷԸ̩ɽ֮º󾡿ؾǡ
ǱӢܾʹ涡̩ɽɵӹ˺ݣݵ̩ɽ㶼һ·
ʱ׺װ̩֮ɽɵӶӶ˷ɱ˹£Ȼжţ֪ӢĿãЩӢ̩ɽѾһ㣬ʦֵȷʧ٣Ȼ˵ѣн֮飬ʵ
һ·˼ݡݡݣ͵̩ɽڵݣһۼ̩ɽձ㱻ⴣɽˣǣӢֶܵУɴ۾ӣԴ磬ɽôΰ
ӢܶʱЦĶɽȻҲ㲻̩ɽȴС׼ף̫Զˡ
նʱһľģԴ磬ں롭
˵⻰ҿ˿̩ɽɵöԶСҺϳȥ硣һǳ
ӢҲСնػҪ㸸Ѿˡ
յ˵ͷ˷ܵر˼£չնЦٻޣ̩ɽɵصмˣһʱĿɿڴп
֮ԣӢҲȥǣֻǼնѾ˸ŮӣҲְΧˣһҪڻкúõӵһ
úһ󡣲ŵŵĽȺһ˽߹ļ̌ʦţ̩ɽɻһЩŮӣȻûеõԴգҲʦͽ֮ټϹ̣ƽʱЩŮҲշ⵽ЩŮȫžס֪ɱʦľһֱ׷ŵķǣʹʱ֮䣬ʦϣ֮ſ֮һƬ
̩ɽһĹأĵӶڴ˴׺һЩʦǰȥھ򣬶ᡣ
ʱӢ뵽һ£㽫̩ɽɵȫټϸ㣬еӻٶʮˣŮһʮˣһյĵӣսĵӲ٣ȴڵ̩ɽһۼɷս֮УӢܼ̩ɽ֮ʱ̩ɽɵǧˣǺط֮ȴ͵˵䣬ҲǴΪпǴȻ޲磬̩ɽɵȴǺģֻҪ죬㲻ŪаֶΣҲδܳΪң֮ס
վ֮ǰ̩ɽɵˣǵĶ˷ָΥ̩ɽּ£޾ɲ̩ɽ֮λڵӦѡһ˳е̩ɽ֮ΣΪһλʣ˵һá
䣬ͼȺһȴǷڵʮŵеϰԶֻ֮λͲѡʦϳأ书ǿеһֱڴΪʦ£ȻôʦֵŴңҲķڷǣ˵ǲǣ
һ⻰̩̾ɽɵӴ͡
еصǣ֮λ˴ʦ˭ܵʵڲѡġ
еĵǵ书Ǵʦִʦգʦ־ҵʦҪǲ˵ҾԲ
еĵǣǽվ;ʽôʦʽΪ̩ɽɵš
֮䣬ȴȺ߳һˣȴЦ˭˵ҶķڷȴǿڷĲʦǲ̩ɽɻһ˱ȴʦָʺϵţ̩ܽɽɷ󡣡
Ӣܿף̩ɽʮҵеزʮ֮Уֻʣϴ׺϶װ֮ϰԶزػȻзˡ
ǳϰԶˣȴǴŭȵزʲôʦڷĲѵԼžͿڷķô
زһɫҡҡͷص޵ܣ֮λ̩ɽѣٷϴ٣ʵҪһ书ǻ۲صִ֣ˣǶʦֿװ֮ˣҲԽԽȣ̩ɽţ̩ɽһȥǿ
ز⻰һҲкЩӸ
еĵʦֶƶϣȷȴʦǿЩ
еĵȥʦڡ̩ɽɵطǶʦְţʦҲǽڳ޵ء
еĵԶԣʦֵ书ڴʦ֮£ıȴǸһЩǶʦֵŵĺá
ЩЩӵ׺̩ɽɵӶʱӵװ֮ĵҲʾһ࣬ƢļҪʦ϶ʱҳһš
˲δһֱԱߣ˳ʱҧվߵӢܵǰԴ磬ô졣ֻܹˡ
Ӣܼ׺һֱ΢ͷƺ˼֪ȻΪҡҡͷס𼱣ٿķչ
Ȼ׺ʱȻߵ֮ǰ˻֣Ϊʦ֡Ȼڣ棬е˶ʱֹͣ˵Щʲô
׺ĻʦһۣҶҪˣʦܱҴ书Ҳ֮£̩ɽ֮λʲ˭Ҫٷԣ׺ȥ
ǳϰԶʱˣʦ֣ô˵ɥĻ֧֣ԽҲʲô
׺ʦܣлһƬ⣬ְ֮ϵ̩ɽɵ˥էشȷҪһǳִ֣֮һ޶ۣıӦʦ࣬ţķڷ
ϰԶѾʱ
ڴ˿̣ȺԽһˣһϮѣȳƣԭεȴбһۣ˼֮ȴǿװ֮
װ֮ӢҲע۲ƴδ
ֻװ֮ߵزǰһҾȻʦܣغ⣬֮ˡ
˵⻰̩ɽɵӣʦǣҶҪˣ̩ɽɾ֮սʮ֮߰ˣʦʦ£̩ɽ龰δй˹ؼʱ̣ҪʲôŽᣬǱƽܵŽᣬνһۣѶϡ̩ɽˣҾ͸ӦεıһţŲñ˿ͣʢ׳󣬾ʯɽҲ̩ɽ̩ɽɷų档
Ӣû뵽װ֮Ȼ˵Ļ־ϲʵСʿգĿ࿴֮УҲٴӡ֤һֻоĥѣܹɳ
ſװ֮ػһ̩ɽɵӹȻȫɫ˼
ʱװ֮ߵ׺ǰʦֻ֣ţ̩ܽɽɵһΪ̩ɽɵĴҵͲҪƴˡ
˵մ˻̷ͷһҾӿװ֮μš
Ƶװ֮ˣе̩ɽɵӶͷȭ׺ҾӲμš
־ɳ֮ơ
׺ʱҲᣬһסװ֣֮ʦܣдģ׺ƴǣʦֵһ𣬽̩ɽɷʦ̩ɽ
Ӣʱߵߣܺãܺã׺װ֮˸ܹȡ̣պ̩ɽһչ۷硣
ʱ׺ӢһҾԽ̩ɽɵĴˣΪΪң湦λ۹ͣȻǵһˣΪͥس̩ɽһɻҪˡ
ӢܻûӦһֱԱ߹û˵ȴ˹Цĵ⻹˵ӢܾͿΪ̩ɽɵŮȻҪǵġ
յĻ׺һ㶣żĶʱ¶ɬŤ֮飬֪ԼλʦöӢܵĳĵģȻǵȻκεˣжʱϲһֵϲԽϲʦá
˵Ҫ޸Ӣܣ̩ɽɿһǿӲޱȵĿɽڵӽϲòʤ׷ǰףأװ֮粻һڳ̾һҲߵӢ붡ǰףأǳϿҡ
̩ɽɴһգڶ죬Ӣ֮£ȫ̩ɽɵӲμӣ¡ᣬȻѾǿ֮࣬ʱ̲ס޵ȥӢܱһֱԱȰο
ڶĹǰТ֮ӢվҪһ׺֪ҪҲ˼ʦһֱ͵ɽ£װ֮ȴйʲ飬Ӣ붡Ȼܹ⡣
׺ˣӢźȣ붡׺׼ϣһǸḻ򾩳ǽ
һ·֮ϣӢܺն붺ģʱЩЦȻ˵⣬ȻЩˣǿЦΪԼġ
һ·޵飬֮󣬾͵Ӧ츮ӦȥʹݼʱѾҹ˱Ȼص
һظͼƹܼһߴ£һ߻ϲصӭ˹ӢͷѽҵˣСЩ¼䶼ĥˣ滹֪㵽Ƿ˻ɡ
ˣЦӯӯӢһۣȻƹܼң㶼˵Щʲô
ƹܼҵ㻹֪ЩӴСﶼˣʲôǿͺǣɶǳǣȡʥѪƨ裬˵ӵ£Խ˵Խ֣Խ˵ԽеĲݾ˵ģǳģǲ˵˵¼һûʲô˰
ɷиǸˣһЩɱʿ˵ģҲûдţҲ˵սҪҪãˣɲھͽ
ƹܼҸǿͷֹǰǰ˾ӹΰ˵һֱûп칦磬˻Сһӹٽܵϵˡ


 354 ۵Ĵɫ
ӢܼһֱЦֹԺ⣬ҲҡͷǿͺǣɶǳЩµȷʲôѪƨľʵ̫ˣҲƹܼҶͣһָŵĶƹܼңȥʰһõķλס
ƹܼæӦһϽ¥ԸūȥˣȹȥƺҪЩǶԼλѾǼӱηˡ
ŶŸլľ£ĵ¥󣬴ھ֮Ѿùͣһ·糾Զ׼ϴԡЪϢӢܾŮ׼źŶϴԡ˯
ķͰӢ޷ԱߣȵŶȥŰޣźϴԡȴ˻ֵЩҲˣȥЪϢɣﲻҪź򡣡
Ҫ˵ȴҪЩϽ֣ūǾ͸ˡ
˵ŻʹŹ뿪Ӣյ޷
֪³Լ£ʱͨ죬ýҲò׵Ĺٹӵܵ٣Ҷû÷ߣθȥ͸
ýӢԱ֣ջͲµҪʲôˡȻ˳ѽһꡣٱ࣬ټӢܴϵδˮ֮ʹͣʱҲп
ȻҧҧӣŤһ󣬲Դ硣ǡҲȥϴա
ȥӢйͬԡ֮£Ӣǿ౧ջ²ڴǣֵԡңǴľͰѾװڵˮȥˮ£Դ硣ѡ
ӢæˡôУԼɡ
һ˫ˮ޳ҡҡͷԴ磬Ϊ˸ʣΪңİգԡѪսȴʲôҲﲻ㣬үӣƽµĻˣֻúһ裬һһӦõΣѵ㶼Ļô
ӢŴԣˮӣﻹܾԼ
ȵӢܻ㣬ľͰӣȫ˶ֻ֮ԥһ£֮ϸϸ࣬ӢܾסѪĿ飬ǻʱͦأצ
ռˣһѩ׵ҪγѪ΢΢ҧҧӣȥˮϴ
æµţӢܵ۾ȴӣֻѾˮŪʪ˴󲿣ʱϣԳԡ֮ȣæµ΢ң桢֮㺹죬֮ϼ͸̷¶ӣںһ߲ʡ
ӢֻһѾͽձˮУѹ޵ӣ֮ϣӢǿ壬ԷԼŵɷҲӿɷҲỬĶ֮ȥãӢܽ⿪£¶˱ɫĶǶѾǽ⿪ȹգȥ㣬Ͱأ룬վͽɷĲӣҷɡ
Ž֮ʱաỽһӢܸеխ룬ʱԼ²ãнһı룬ȻǲӦˣһǣһ飬ȵձϢ֣룬ֻһվͱȫ̱һţɷӵۼɣӢܱסΡ
ãӭãԡ֮ŷգѾվӢܱúһŻָ뵽Լδ御¶ȴɷ򽻺ѱϣɬѵһʱ̧ͷӢƤ񣬳ȥѣϴȴӡǴȻЩȴ˲٣ٸ̬֮Ҳϲ
ϴԡգӢܱջص޷һˣХݺཻڣʵǲΪ
ڶӵŻδѣ洫үּ˵㵽ȥһˡ
ӢܴӦһչļͷһǣնԼ˯ңҿɵȥһˡ
ɷѾǲмȴ磬ܹӢȣʱȫƣĻһԺĵԴ磬Щҡ
˯˹ȥ
Ӣ˴һɫıյĶͷǣſ˳ȥȴԽţҲϢ֮У¥ùͣϺŻʹȥ
ûá͵˻ʹŵĽϵϽμһ̫
ӢܼеԼ񶼳˾ݣ֪ǱȻйԼһսеشԣɰ̾Լ֮꣬һؿ֮ˣػʵۡĴԵ˶СνֻԼ̾Ҫɱ֮ˡ
ڳǡ̫ཫӢܴġԪȴŰɫ۵̸ƫš
ӢæһȭӢܲμʡ
֪ϰ¹ҲΪƣЦŻ˻ֵܶͺã£
ӢܱˣһŮ˲衣
ȵӢڲ֮󣬲ŵܶѾĸȥµĳ·Լһ¿ɣʱ·ȥҲЩʡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦʣֻһЩƽȥǲǣ
ҲЦ޾֪㣬ȻңûбǲеģͶǿֻһʱòǮЩƽȥϵãھƽЩ
ӢܾҲã˵ͷһ£ʣҿңصزǻƽӦǼϡеĿȫֻңУӦ÷ǳֵǮǡ
̾һ˻ˣȷǺУʯĳĴԣҲܹסִԻƻһеʵãֵֵǮͲö֪ˡ
ӢˣֻգʣȻҪһȥһҪúõİٺңС
һͷԽۣɷǿʼɽҰˣһЩ̽ȥϢɷذնԾӵʧܲûʲôرر֮飬кö˻ѪЩˣѾ˴ʳȥӦܹܿ찲
ӢֻܵҪɷƽңĿǰûʲôֵýǵĵطˣϣʲôʱΪ̫ӡ
Ѿּˣ糯ܶң˸湦ô㡣
ӢһЦͷ͹ˣʵһòľͲ̫ԶˣҲٸ
һ㶵Ŷ޷͹ʲô
ӢܵǾնһõĲƸʲô»˵Ҳûʲôõġ
˵⻰Ҳһο˸ЦܶͺãѾˣҪҪҪ㡣
Ӣܵʲô
Ҫһλ֮ףʥɲ֮вߡȨã辭ޡ
Ӣһʱ󾪣æʡ򲻿ɡȨʵ̫ˣܳܡ
ҡҡͷܶ޾ѶƴҲûã֪䣬Ƿ涼ٮٮߣһʶȻⳡս˼ĽЩ޷ı㣬㸨Ҿͷˡ
Ӣܵͬ˽ûλҲᾡİġ
ⲻһЩӡȻĿǰŽᣬѱް֮ûаҰʶѡĿеźܸߣǶ㣬ţû˻ȻҲֵе·޵һ˽ģܶһҪӦҡ
Ӣ뵽һƬ⣬һ̾Ƕ͹ˡ
ӢܴӦһˣܶ˵ʵ̫ӣңĻʵۣ޲ĵأֻҵֹң⽫һڹ£ʶá
ӢЦʵۣҿɲԸʵ̫鷳ˡ
Ҳ΢΢һ̾ʵףҪһʵȴѣҪĺܶ࣬ԽʵۣԽеͷĵӳأͲźã޾ͿԴŻʺȥ磬ŵ¹ģֻϧһֱûа취ʵ֡
˵һ£ˣܶսֹ׼ô죿
Ӣܵ׼Żɽ֮У˵ģδսźȶЩĵս⵽˲⣬ˣֵĺá
ԣʱЦҲ֪֮о֮ĵˣȥҶԺɷγһΨֵۣҳʲô£սһ͸ϽŻȥɽΪңؽء
ӢҲһЦֻ²ֹԺɷɡ
˵ʲôҡҡͷܶû취㵱˸ףŮԼϥ±ı֣ͻᶮ޵ľˣȻޱȲĸףû˲޻Ը˵ġ
˵Ż̽һң֮£ۿѾţЦ֪ܶնڼл㣬Ͳˣ޻ھۻ磬նգһ˺úõؾһۡ
Ӣܱ˵ͷǣȥ
ջصͼɫɴŵȾȼףϵһӰѩⳤȹ޸죬λշɿӭ˹ǻ缡ۣüһҹػü֮ƽ˼ģԵ޹䣬޷ӡ
յӢܵǰҲ˲ΧūͣһӾ˽ĻĽסҲǣôͽȥҲ˺úϢ
ӢܹһЦʿû뵽ǻݺһҹ
ԣʱһãȻԴ磬ʲôкݺݣ
ʵݡһʣӢܹȥҲǲģīߺڣҶ𻪵Ĵ֮˲ٻɫվŶʣã˵˳պ棬ִĶߣ˵䡣
ʱ֮䣬վ˸ʹһ㣬Դ磬û
˵⻰ҧӣòƺݺݵĵž÷ȭǰȥ
Ӣһס˫֣ն֪֪һ˵˲Ů˲˵һȷİҵˡ
Ӣʶ֮ǰһǳϳɣһӣʵڻ֪ȻжȤһ棬ǸŮӲϣԼ˻ɷĬȤȻ⣬ޣСĻ˵Ůϲͽô
Ӣҡҡͷն治ڱ䣬˵˼Ҳڱ䣬ЩŮδһġ
Խô˵վԽ棬Դ磬˵ʲôʱһȥûУ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˵ˣһº󡣡
նʱ̫
˵Ż߽¥󣬷Ͱ˸ʽζȣǴҪһӢɫҲʳ󶯣ҿ˿أ
յѾҽÿˣҽһҩ֮˯˹ȥû
Ӣܵ˵ͷҽô˵
ЦһЦģҽ˵õѾںˣҩھͿԻָ߰˳ɣһ¾ܹȬҪǴţøʽٺ»
һ˵ţ˾ͿʼͣճɣǸӢЮˣƬ̼ӢܵоһСɽʢ飬ȴӢҲֻЦˡ
ùͣ԰ͤյ裬ȻӢһ˹꣬ȵ˵Ѿˣ˱һķ죬ҽҩ˯һ󣬾࣬ҲǸˡ
ۿžҪ䣬Ӣܱȥμھۻļ硣
˹ֱۻȥǸ԰͵ԲδԺȴ֮ѾվˣеĹˣʮŮֻ֮ȱᣬʷҲûƺ֮ϰӣˮ㣬⻹йŮտӣͺִۻͬˡ
ӢܽеĹΧ˹һߣȴӢӵһߣѯιɷ£ӢҲţʲôʵش𣬾ˣЩжǳر鶼¶˲֮ɫ
Ӣܼˣȴһ̾ɷ彻ս֮⣬ûֱӲս塢ɷຮˣҲֻЩѺݾ֮£޷ˣҲΪˣЩ򸾲Žǳ˫ԣЦûعѱ龰ȷҲһˡ


 355 䣡䣡䣡
˵Żûã˵ǵ̫̫ҿȥμ
ʾҪ̫ӵ´ҶѾ֪ˣˣҲӭ˹ȥϲĹϲ͵ֳͣһš
ӢûеȺȥʻһɫѣüɷѾȹȥ˼ţٿԱߵȴһӣ٣壬üӣȣǵţȻȲգ붡ȴ˶٣ҲǸòŮӣʵǰ䣬Ӣ֪࣬ǵļʷɸյĶŮ
ֵ˵Цһ󣬴ȺмӢܣ˹ļ÷Ҳǿɵúúƴһƴƣ顣
ӢܹЦðҲд⣬þûôʹ
˵Żȴһڻʺһ˳󺣷Ҳںţÿ˵϶Ц⣬ֻ˾һıˣʱѾװޣ䣬Ϳ֬ѳȹһϴԼȴ֣ǸգĽҲ׷˵嵭ɥ֮ʹ
˳ӹǶԼĸȥˣҲӢܵԱߣӢܣҲһοЦܶ¡Ѿȫ˵ˣǳ޵ýܺãܺãնѾͷûа׸㡣
ʱһŮ˵ãŮɲһ˵ģҲзݡ
һͷȥȴһ˺Цĸлơ
ʱЦǣôˡŮõأȻһһ룬ҲȵùǺü
ӢܼлƣæǰμлҲͣܶҲûм޴ˣĸ׵ȻҲˣԲסĵطγȥҪúõⲻǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷܳϿҵĵǣ¡һֱΣϣܹԭҡ
лƵأƭҲ֮ټϷǣΪң湦úõ˵˵ǻԭأʵڲɣĸ׵ĻΪ˵
Ӣһжʱϲ裬ѵҲҪŸʳȥ
лӢܺԼһ衱Ҳĸˣ˵ͷǰҲóȥˣң̷̻ܿǡ
ЦֵðȥһӾ
ʱһŮնγȥҪ㸸ܶػǧǻдҪǷģ֪֪
ͷҪ£治֪ЩжٴҪûĸ㲻ȥô
ְĸ˸Ůͷôȫ߹⣬˵̲˵ܵܣҪչ
һʧ˵ͷֺȻ߲ꡱһЦ̶Ҳ֪ʮ˻衣
ʱһ£ն˵ģ˵
˵ŻȴߵȺ֮Уѵþһ𣬽һҺúøһ£ùͣϷ˭ҪˣҪһĿҪǱݵúã͡
ôһ˵е빫
еĵʣ㵽ʲô
еĵðʣҸѧһ裬Ȼơ
еĵʣսʤɷ壬дһʫ
֮ʱȴҴææ˽һۣеϣϣɷн鴫
ôһУеֹͣתͷ֮ɫ
ӢˣҲһǸе죬˼ɷ⵽شʵʮأҪ˵˸ı£Ҳ̫˲˼ˡ
ֻһĽӹۣ˿ȥϺȻֳޱ֮״
Ӣ֪Ӽﵽˡ̩ɽǰ治ɫ֮¶֮飬֪̬ضǼΪأҲĪһ
ֻһͻָƽ֮ɫ˻ֵûʲô£Ǽ
˵⻰ֵܶʶǸһˡ
Ҳ֪鲻ԾæӢһһӣȴһ鷿
ûеȵӢܳѯʣͽ۵ݸӢܡ
ӢõֻһȻһ̾ÿ죬ϣǵĵڷˡ
ʲôÿ죬׳ʲô£
һ˵ţһ߽ӹۣǰ棬ʱʹʧɫҾ޴ֻǧˣȴ÷ǳİʱңӡʵѾʥǡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ£ٿ档
ʼȥʱֵǡҲ棬ǵͷ֮һ
ڿϣȷ̫죬ӷ뿪ʥǿʼҲµʱ䣬û뵽ͻľӽˡ
Ӣܵ޴ȻǾˣǧ˵ִӣÿԶǹӵĻ˵ңʿʮ򣬶ʮҲֻаװӦǵͷӣһԮԽǳʥǷǳǵġ
ʵԷһľӣϲû˵
Ӣܵٲ£ôʹžһLľӣLڷΪڶｫϷռȫɵأɭıռĳɣʽͳڶҲֻк󣬷һͶҲضϷ
֪ӢܴСL󣬶LϤܶڶľΣ
ӢܵLȫųоһʮˣʮڷɭУǵĶõľʽװǻǮľģӦñڵʮʮϣˣҲңĿǰֵܵġ
ڶ뷲ɭʲô
ӢܵڶȥǴУҵģʮУʮʱΪٽʱLѾһάؽͳһˣڶ﷢˾䣬ƷάȨάɭʱάµ½˾ڶڱڶǿһЩټڱ֧֣̾ɭսɭҲ򵥣LڹuTϲϵܺãڶսĵͳɻȥ˵Щҵ쵼Ҳ֪ڶǸҰļңǸ˼뼫սˣҪͳһLڹһв֮󣬾ͷڶLȨһ̬Ҫַ֧ɭսһʼڶ뷲ɭʹѽѷ֣ʤսȴԭӦñȽϸԣLǧٿףòˣˮȣǰЩ꣬ϹڸԱǿҪ³ͣڶ뷲ɭô꣬Ҳ֪κβ˶Է͸Խ̨ףڶﻹǵͳɭؾͳΪ˻Ϊల£ƽʱһЩСĦеġ
עڶ뷲ɭϱ֮Ķһ޸Ϊ׼ĬĬţһ󣬵йأйL̬ôģ
Ӣܵйڶﱳ˲ݣҼǰLľ»أ⵽йڹǿҷԣйƫɭġ
ͷܶLֵ˽÷ǳ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҪһɱ֣Ҫѧݸ˽еһЩ֪ʶͺ¶ڵء
һ̾ĸɱֵȷĵֻǶδ̫пһЩᰵ˱㣬еĺҲ޷ԤϵģܹҲ󡣡
ӢܵȿûЩңҲˡ
˵һúӡ֪ĸ׺ģȴɺ˵
ӢҡͷʵҲûйֹĸסԽ࣬뷨Ҳͬˣܹܶġ
˹ļ硣û˵ȥֻǵܶǻ۹ˣڴ£ô
ӢҪڣֵæ˵Ǹдһ֣뷨ǲһ
Ӣܵ˵ͷԱߵһ鰸ϡȡһŰֽһֻʣմ飬Ƭ̾дһ֣Ȼͬʱ򿪣ȴȻһġ֡
ʼˣȴһȭͷȻ֮ɫͶʣ⡭ôɣԷֻǧˡֻһ̣Ҳֻӣѵôϥʵǡʵ̫ûйˣ븸ּúӴһ֧ǰȥӭУһҪ⼸ǧ˸ϻغȥ
Ӣܶһۣ¶˳̬֮
Ŷӵʶ׾ǬеġǱԨʲô˼
ʲ˼صָӴʱҪڱԼ
һͷ֪ͺãʶûе磬ûмʶִȻǺ̰֮ܲȴԸԼľװԹӺɷʱƣ죬ͶҲֻΪ˻ǱڵսԵͶɳܣһǣ𡣡
Ȼʶ״֮ǧ˾Ͷȷǲ֪Ӣܶų֮˶Ƭ̼ͷбȻеһͷʣҵȥЩִ
ʱӢܺȻӦȥơ
˵⻰һҾʣͶ֮ǰǿɻȵһ¡
һ˸Ӧôһ̣Lľ֪ǵ̸֮ʱҲȡһЩ
ӢܼԼ˼ǱȻڶｫң÷ǳˣLֻǧľֻȥǺ̲Ҳֻܹͣ;ֻǵͷӣҾȥǺԮͻᵽˣһҪھٴε½ǰ֣ǴӦңɸֻǿԷһЩҪ󣬾룬ȻҪӶƽǿŸһ֣ȻŻ
ʵʣ÷һӦô򣿡
ҡҡͷʱȣٵʱˣܶǱ̵ǰȥ·롣
ʵҲҪȥ
ʶ󷽻ûа죬ھҲʱ֧Ԯ
ֻôӦ
ˣܶߣһѵžۣLֵǽһɡ
ӢҲ£鷳ն˵ҸȥˣʲôΣգġ
˵⻰˾˳ȥȴڵţЦݣһûʲôµӵҶЩŸʲô
⸶飬е˶ģ˵ЦòȥˣһϷ
ʺ쵤Lֵ¸Ҫ˵һ顣
쵤ȥ磬ҲڵϿִһԣҲһµŮˣ̴ߴɷӢܳ
ӢܾʹҴȥȴڸߺԴ磬Դ磬͸ʵȥ
Ӣ֪Ի˵Ըʱ䣬ҧװûֱ߳˴Ժ
˾ۻǣһƥȻȲϺȣҲѡһˣӢձͬȻУǣһƥϣҲκӣֻ׼ЩˮӢܳ˻ʹȵӢܻϺȣȻŶȥ
ó˷ſۣҹ̣߲ݵĸ·ԺȶϣֻǵȵˣϢȵܹ֣ƣ֮С
ĸ·ֻգ󣬱㵽˶ɭǣʵʱڳУӢܸϵ㼱ææĽӭɭеһլ
磬˵ʲôطˣ
һĳأһҾֵϣ̽Ѿʥǳ峿ǳǣŶɭǶнƺ̽ҾĲ𡣡
ǵľ
򳦹һй˻ҵ๤£ÿֻǵеİ̫˿ֲˣֻºѵֵ
˵ͷǲǰǹߵľ޴ǵȷ޷ֵ˵ԮûеѾȴ֧ͷӵ棬̸УͶȻŻ
ĿԼµľڵ˵ǹ֮³ƬƬ޷ӽԷĲҾҲ棬ֻǵϣԷʲôǹǵ̲̫ԶһʵѴ򰡡
ʵҲǰ˫սǾͺûʲô˵Էһδ𡣡
û˵ֻǵԴ󽫾󽫾̵ܶ򳦹һȥٿΡ
Ӧһ̴˸һ򳦹ȷȥ


 356 ս
ʱ֣Ӣһ˱㵽򳦹ȣȴʯӲ֮仹Ĳ֫ûɾ˼˴Ǳʹп
ɽȴȫֳʿ
״ҡҡͷǵ򳦹ȣķûõġ
ĩҲ֪ˣҲ벻ʲôİ취
ЩطĩҲ˷ܹһֵġ
ʱ˵õҵһơ
˿ȴԱߵӢܵϣҲһ뷨
ʱ΢ЦܶǾ͸˵ģǷ뵽һȥˡ
Ӣܵͷã˵
Ҳƴǣ򳦹Ǵǳǵɭǵıؾ֮·ɭ֣޴㽫򳦹ȫȻѡһЩݵʿɭ֮У׼ᶯ֣Ļ֮£ǹҲûˡ
ôһ˵˶ƺһ֮ơ
ȴӢܣܶ˵˵⣬ǧҪ˵һġ
ӢҡҡͷһʣҲһ֮ƣLͷȫ⡣
һϲɫŶʲô⣿
Ӣܵˮ𽻼ӡ
ʲôˮ𽻼ӣ
ӢܵʣȻḻûоսҸ˽Lʿһȥдһλ٣֮ȴ׷ɱɭ֮УȻҵʱصúܺãû˷֣Ҳ۲쵽һЩص㡣
˵⻰˶ٵLع֮Уɭռ˺ܴԾǶдսľ飬ǽУһ顣˴κεǸ˺ȻϮĻᣬĸˣٹһĶΡߣϸһпɵĵطǹ
֮Ǻеͨء
ˣɫһܶ޵ȷЩ治㣬˵˵ˮ֮Σ
Ӣܵǽɭ֮ĴŻһɭֲ̫֪ʱķΡҪȫֻ޷һ𣬾ͻỤ̃ҲᱻŨϢվеİЯˮŪʪסӣǴˮ̫࣬æ֮£Ȼù⣬˳ҲڸĴѰˮԴ
ʱȻһƵֻҪڸˮԴ¶ôǾ˭Ҳܲˡ
ӢܺЦһͷ˼
̲סһ±סӢܵܶððһ£ңһһ˵˵ǧӣڽɽͬŮ֮Ҳң֮
ӢʱȻһҧϣηǹҪ̫졣
ˣһҲͷ񼫣ʱɱ֮죬ңȻѾϳ̣֮Ϊ˾ة࣬Ϊ˲ڶɭһʮʿ뱻ǧС
˵ŻӢܱ㿪ʼδŻδ¶ĪȻңľжоҽҪҩ¶ʲô¡
***********************************************************һ֮ӢܡȽվ򳦹ȵɽ֮ϣɽѾʯȫסеʿҲֻLʿǰˡ
ȵʱ֣һṦѵ̽ӴҴɽݵϣϾҪˣԼжǧˡ
ǧˣ˵ĸôѵֻһǰ̽·
Ӣܵ˵ͷпܣôȽǧ˼˵ܹɻһЩǹ֦Ըǧˡ
˻֣̽뿪Ӣܵ˲һʯ֮򳦹ǳǷȥ
ðСʱȻһLʿڹȿڣͷֳֿԶǹŷģףȫװĻУԵüǽЩʿȥL̶ǻе䣬ңصǺʯװ׳Ҳǰʿֶûֻпˡ
ȻԶӢܻһ۾ϳʹõM-16a2ǹԶǹǹеʦȽ˹ͨơԭΪAnmaliteAR-10ǹǹ0.99ס̵1.12ף͵䣬ÿλֻ3ӵȽʡӵְǹ˶ǰǹָˡЧ460סҲ˵ѵصĲǹڴ˾ϸ׼50%ذջδСĿꡣ̾460ףԶ23ǸҪĿ괿⿿ǹܿơӢܶԵ䣬һۣM-16A2Ҳ֪ӦñAK47ҪԺЩM=16A1ʿԲμӹԽսM-16A2μӹսƵƵʧ󣬱Ƿѣ˳װеλܱM-4ǹ͸Ƚδǹе
Ӣܵ˵ͷM-16A2Ȼ׿ǣԶ׼ǷͬСɣ̭ͨLģǱȽȽĵ˿ڸLʿAK47ϵAR-10ǹУټ˶зģڶɵһ֧ǰ
ܺãǧˣǾ͵õM-16A2ѡЩѵʹãҲЩʵˡٴ͵͵ЩڶҪͳңҲô׵¡ֻϣЩҪյòʹ˲źá
ӢһֱŹ⡣ȴͷ·ĲǷǣһɷˣжʱһʧʵϼ޻֪ռ˾ƣ¾뻹ǻΣգȻûǰ
űʯĵ·ȴһģǰԱ߻һˣƺǷ֮ࡣ
Ƿɷ̸һ󣬶ɷ˾ָҲɭ֣ʾԴͨǷתǾ˵ʲô
ˣһܶôöɷĻ
ӢܵӦLLಿɣҲµòɷӦǹȥLز֮һǻɷ廰ڶֻһЩͨԵˣͻ֪ɷLʲô䣬ȻöЩԵǰˡ
ˣȻһ̾ңLѾ޿飬ڶǸʴȵ죬ȫԽңİսҲһˡ
Ӣһصҡҡͷһжʷɵģңк˾Ӷ࣬йȥLҪ˵LҲйⶫʵ˵壬ڶһλϸͳȻã̫̰бõҲЩ֮LϷǧٿףڼȵƶ֮УȴòƣݼޣҪңЩУҸұ֤꣬ͻŪһţʮ֮ҲҪΪˡ
һѾ¶˳֮ɫһ룬ңذԶҵ̫ƽһƬֻҪһڣжѣػڴ˵ģŲ꽨ʥگ˾ة֮УΪ˺ƽսедңʿӢ顣
˵䣬ɷѾLʿѾ򳦹ȵҲȥɭоҪЩȻͨӢҲ㵽ǺпҪΪ˱աѾΧ˷ЩʿӺδͨѲһ١
Сʱ֮ǧLʿѾȫҲɭ֣Ӣ˵أڲʱĿǹݴСïա֮ڶ
ֹʮҡǹѾ͵һ֣վԱźű̴еĺŽǡ
Ž֮ͼҲɭֵǰ涼Ũ̴ⶸȴңʿһûһ߿ʼݻˡ
ʱ򴵵Ƕ磬ļңƬ֮䣬ǻʱɭ֮дҽ֮
Ӣ֪شδܹȫǧʿˮԴȫԶҩЩʿڽͷö֮±ȻҪȥãһСʱ֮ڲ¡Ҳȵģʱ䣬ͻ᳦ö
򳦹ȵɽϿšɭִѾԽԽ󣬴ʮ׸ߵĻ棬Ŷȥ
Ӣܶһۣжǰ̾ƬɭִԼ˶ʮңǧ꣬вֲֻһ𶼱סʵǿϧ֮Ǳǵ治Ըˡ
֪ѾĸСʱ̫£Ѿǰʱ֣ǻѾԶȥ꣬ԼҪʱŻȼLʿѾȫˡ
ֹ˺һͷ£ԣһҴææɽµϣһǴ󹦸ɣ˱һ֣һִӶ˳ȥ˷˶ȪˮڶѾˣǾǵͷ죬ŵȻʡ
Ȼϵ֣ݱǴϲͷãȥѺͷ쵽ɽµӪš
ǴӦһɽ¶ȥҲӢ˻ɽľӪȥ
˾ӪӪнǰӣȻӭʣӢˣȴӢԼһ࣬谮֮ѾȻɣʵǿԪϣⳡսӢλ꽫춼Ǿ岻ӣĵλѾԼ֮ϣȴû˲
һ󣬾˵ϣ˵ͷѾѺ֪Ƿ
޴
˵䣬ңʿѺһ˽ʮңеģͷüëѾˣϡϡҲȫˣϵķҲ£ԵúǱļ£ȴһУ
ʿУһţУʱͨһڵأʵĽף¶ɱݣԳη֮ɫߴﹾ˵ʲô
ͨLԣתͷܶ˵Щʲô
ӢܴʱѾվУ˺һӻУӢܾȻ˵L¶֮ɫűͣĿͷ
ӢŶʣղڽʲô֣˵Լάڶӵʦһһŵųηڶ֮һаͺǵУóǧ߰ΪǲС佢ǰ
˵ͷǶڶ˵ЩʲôǸͺУΪû
Ӣֶܱάһ󡣲Ŷʣ˵ֱȥҵڶͳ˵Щʲô֪ڶͳѾУıŰͺУǰĿռңжһǲõһǿʦرﵽһңҺпܻ½ֻǵ½̫խ޷̫ˣǵ˼ʥǸһЩɷ˽½޺ãܹװ׳̹ǰУԼôϲֳңʿǿͺУǧʿҪɨңֱӹռľǣ׽סʡ
Ӣô˵硢ʵȽ춼׷ŭά޳ȴ˻֡ӢܵܶңLҪʱ䡣
ӢҲǳҪάûãͶʣ˵LǳСʱֻܹLľ¸ۿҪʮСʱһȥһҪһʱ䡣ڵڶѾ˿λһЩװ׳̹ͬǰˣҲ¶Ȼ֮ɫһӣ˽άȥȻϢ˽͵ԼӢͬʳ
һ̣XXͰϣһ̳⣬ӢϯضԶʼʳ
һŵܶСLڳϤϣ
ӢһֱĬĬ˼ԣͷ˿ӣʣ֪ڶϷܱʮңĽǿʦɣӣװҲõģɵӦеһʦҲµòٻǿʦǰǾ޷͵ġ
˵ͷ֪Ҳңʿװһϸ˵ǰȥ̸С
Ӣܵʣ㲻˵ˣֻҶL飬ѡʵأ˶С
ʱܶǻL˽⣬ȷѡǴʵΣޱȣ͵ĺ󱲣᲻ȥðա
Ӣ΢΢һЦʣ֪ҵعذνңԽĵΣǱһȥɹǳ֮ʱҾûٻţһҵһԵжɹΣն˵ѾǼҳ㷹һǰȥܹŲס˲ң񣬸ʣȻңҾͲӦùͣնǶΪңİվһ
ˣиͣãܶдģܲȫ㣬񣬾ȥִУѾˣֱӼڶﱾˣҪңػƽ޾ͽطֲͼһ׸Ӧھ󣬲ߣ㿴ôӦһӦǣֻҪסһأ޾ͿԽ͵͵˽ңʱLľչλսڶʮӣҲԽȫ𡣡
Ӣܵã̶ȥڶ
µ·û޺ãʱȣֻȥǸͺǽˣֻҪǧСķǣ̫ƻʵڵƻǵļƻ
Ӣܵ˵ͷʣ֪ǸάһҪһȥβҰܣ˵ȻҪöˡ
Ҳһͷãдһ⽵飬Ȼ˻һݽͼǰʥǣ뷨Lȥڶ̸С
L֣ӢִʣԼдһίĽ
д֮󣬾־ͳ˾еһʦңĽȫ˳Ӣܿ˿һʮҲǰģLҲĿĵ֪ʶʱףһԶ֮ʱӦĵؿǱ仯ŹôĿԴܹһλ쵼ˣLȫԳΪһԣĹң״˿ɺ޿̾
Сʱ֮ǽֲͼѾϣ÷һͲ֮нӢܣܶһжˡ
Ӣû˵ֻһһͷʣȥάѺʹ
һȥά㱻ѺУӢܽ齵ڶͳ˼˵һ飬άΪҪϵ٣ں£˭֪ôһ˵ɫʱ¶˿ϲ֮ɫͷƵĵͣʾһҪٳɡ
***********************************************************ΪӢܲӦͶʵ˽ʷӦ֪ԹνӢۡܣйݵͶʷ򵥵һӣԣͶƳճɾͰҵӣؽռңĿǰûκοLʵӢɵȥӲƴǶֵȥдǰѾ˵ˣһ˿飬ֻϣһЩϾû첻ĳɹߣᣬͻģ˵ľǱȽϷḻᾡдһЩֵպɹĶףң


 357 ִ
Ӣ֪˵ĵڶõάǧ˱ߵϢȻҪٱԸٵʱ䣬ʹά˳ȥֻ򳦹ȵĵ·ѾʯҲɭǰȥʱɭѾȼĵطȴϢֻһЩңʿ֮սѰǹе֮࣬ӢܼЩǹ֧ѾձΣܹõĲһ룬Ҳе΢ԷˣֻǻҪһЩʱѵ
άҲԼ±ճ˺ںĽ̿Ҳǿֲ֮⣬Ҳ΢΢Ӣܿ֪ԽǺ£ȥ̸оԽ
һɭֶѾվȻôжˣһСʱ֮ӢѾά˹⡣
վڵ·֮ϣӢܶˣѾ۵ά㵽ҵıұߡ
άæҡͷԽôңôңԼߡ
Ӣܽһȵʲô
α뺷һɱټ϶LָƣάҲŪôһȣжʱһϽſıϡ
Ӣάǰ磬һϣʹǵļǿⱼһ㡣
ôһܣάſڱϣֻöߵķ죬ԵľһټӢʱԾףһʱǷͬСɣʵڻԼ˴˵еˣ̲סԡԽǵʲôˣôôǺһ
Ӣһ߼ܣһߵά˵йûУ
йά᲻֪æ˵˵һһйƬСԻǰù˹ġ
Ӣܵͷ֪ˡйֻһˡ
άԣ֪ԷˣŷġǴ󾪣һôԽңһˡ
Ӣܵʲôǿ󣬸㣬ֻһƷ൱LУ࣬ң̫ˡ
άҡҡͷҲţǵؼʿôͱǵľҲûпʲôرĵط
ӢܵͲ֪ˡй򲢲˶أ˶ЩʿˣĳһϣֻǶڱʿ֮С
άʱһһˣô࣬ǲΡ˵ȻֵйҲûʲôãйͱҵ˺üռӶʱûԶǹ뵼ЩɼǴ򲻹ǹڵġ
ӢҲ뽫ţƤ̫ӲӲǴ򲻹ǹڣ书ܹû㲻ʱȻҪȻ֪йҵ˺üռҲӦ֪ЩҶʧܸգйÿɲС
άйʷ̫ӢܴԣҲǰŰɣʵǰǰ磬һԾ¥ôߣҪǺȻϮȷǺѷģʱһֹԼ̫çײȼֳֳǹʿ練ƣȫ˽äȻǰܿͳ˴һһܿһЩ뿪طǻȥԺӵĺá
ӢܼάԼıĬ֪ԼػжЩã͸ӷǰһʮɷʿҲô࣬ǶקȻά£ѡһƥȥԼں档
άΪһ֮ǻЩȻԶӢܣҲܹǰ
˲͹ǳǣֱʥǶȥһ·֮ȴûټLʿǰӢףڵȴάϢҪûʲôѶأľӱȻᰴӦûȵӵ½Żǰ
άȻӢ̫࣬ˣһ·ͣͣЪЪ˵ŵǳǣչ֮£ȴŽգ¥֮ͷֿģֶM-16A2LʿѲš
άò׼ԼˣҲһ񣬲񱼵£쿪ţ쿪ţ9ŵάУȥͺУ˵һˡ
άʱյúһһ飬ҲϳǳϵʿȻѱ𣬲Lóһʹ˳ţάӢܽȥ
һţάͽʮʿԼ󣬶ʱҲֱˣҲͦˡͷҲˣӢܵѾη塣
ӢܶķӦ˿֣ܸӵһϲУӣ֪ͺУʲôط
άһеʿϸϲɫõļɽУҲʿˣ޵½ص·ϵװ׳̹ûڶе
Ӣܵ˵ͷάУ
άһҧʮ¾ʵҲͲܹͶǾԼսˣµáɡ
˵ǰȥӢܾ͸ûþ͵ʯɽ¡
Ӣټɽϵ뵽ڴ˴龰ȴĵռҲɵúп
ɽվһʿάæ˹ȥһϿξε˵ЩʲôӱӢһۣȻҴҵɽȥ˺һά˻֣ȻʿǹӢܵ
ȵɽ߽岽һڵξ˾ֱ˴ȴȥ˻ҵ·λУεľˣȴվһźǹʵؾ
Ӣܵһ۱˷ǣʱѾLľٷұߣɫƺһЩȣɷнü֮ơӢǰҧȴûκεı¶һҾţףٹﰡ
Ҳһ˰콫׽סǹˡ
ЩĻ²ûжȴ۾мߵУ
Ӣ֪УȻڶʦһõóͺµĶóɽȻΪУûʲôʵȨ
ʱмһʮ꣬Ƥڣüǽʵȴ˻֣ʾ⾯ǲҪȻʷǵʲôˣ
شͺУСӽӢܣĻʵŮҲǸµĶ֣򲻿ϣɱͻһǿı۰򡣡
ʱȴһӶάάУͺУ˵ǧʿȥʲôңؾǣ׽ǵĻʵȥˣô⸶ģ
άԼ˾ͺҲϽԼ龰ԭԭ˵һ顣
ǰͺԽԽŭ֪άĶǧʿѾȫߣֻʣһˣʱȻվߵǰ쵰㲻Ǹұ֤ʮ֮ھܹңľʿˣŻʲôá
˵⻰־Ǻݺݼ⣬άðǣֲ嶫ĵˤڵ£ȴҳֱ棬ø˾
ʱͺŭδָӢܺȵСӸȥˡ
ӢϵҪôԼȻЦLԵͺУɽУңôҲˣҪɱҵףֻϧǽʧȥһ󹦵Ļᡣ
Ӣ˵L˵ͺɽǷҲǴһȫ㲻Ϊˡ
ǼɽУͽϰͺǳȣټϱߵֲԼ£Ұͺǵһʦĵλڶ֮ϣбͰвʵֻӢܵĻæһ٣ͺУæ֣СЩŹ֣˵ʲôʱҪ
ͺܻһ֮λӣȻһζçײ֮ͽ˲ŻǵȰʥ֮еȺԮĲǰֻάҪʱǰҲ»ʶͬҪ󣬲ôȫʵԼܽܡɽֹ۶ӢܵãСӣҵҪʲô󹦵ĻᣬҪһ仰˵ҾȥǹС
һ˵ţһ˻ȥ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ𾴵İͺУ𾴵ļɽУǡڶͳĿʲô
ͺǵȻռң
ӢһķһۣЦЦԣռңλУһбǾҵңеĽ󣬻Ʊǲǣ
ǰͺǵﱾLеĲƸӦLģڶͳLջؿڡ
Ӣ֪ңĲƸҪ˵LLİս棬۶аͻĻӣҲǺ£ǣȷLĲƸҲӦLģǵػʵ۱׼ЩƸ׸L񡣡
ڿL񡱶˵ڶͳȴָڶｫңزƸڰգٹʣԼǵݼôȨء
ĻܹģֻһЦͺŶĻʵʲô˼
Ӣܵʵ۱Ѿд˽飬ңĽֲͼҪ׸ڶͳ
һͺɽ϶¶˴ϲ֮ɫͺǵһվãѽֲͼҡ
Ӣҡҡͷʵ۱ֽڶͳһҴһЩͳұԼ
䣬ͼҲվͺУɽУǧĻӢܶޱȽƻ֮ͽǲͶģһõǻ֮ƣ綼ŪǹСӣȻȵ̩ٽŵǰǴӦ츮ȥ׽סһȫɱңͻǵˡ
ӢܰǺݶ˹ȴЦǣҰĵļһڶͳɱϣԼʵۣǲǣϧϧڶͳǻ۹ˣǲģλУҲ
Ц˵˵˵˵ӢܣɣҲƭҡ
Ӣ֪ǶԴ»Lָ̫ŷǵͺУɽУ֪Ǹʲô𣿡
ǰLı仯ȷǸе𾪣ȷǳּͣһẺĻ᲻ҹùö̶ʮʱͽLѧʮ֮˾ţȻֱӵL׸źڶͳȻ޷üͳ⵱ž¶һṦڶռڶң龰ڶ˵֮ڶ־ϲ֪Ϊȡڶٴ¶һڶȻУޣͷΪУıѾӵĵʦǰңȨҪȴҪһвƸͺɽԷǵ鼸һ֪Ӣһ˵򷽰ȥ
ӢʱǡȥֻһİգһṦˣҰģҪıλʶƣӵɷ֮ͶĻʵۣҰĲ޳ܣĻʺҪıɱĻʵۣ¶͵ңغͼȻ˳ȥˡŲá
û뵽Ӣȵ˾˵˻ѻ޷˵٣ɵܻصӢܡѪˣһɺԣλУɱ˴ˡ
ӢӲ£һưˣԷǸýʲôģطӦһЦȴ̾һǣ㶼ˣҪϣǸ޳ܵСˡ
ͺɽ֪и޵ĸˣҴ˱ңˣӵLȥӣȻʲô֮ߴȣ˵ˣﶼ߰˳ɣŷǵ񶼳˱ġ
ǲɵϣʱѾʶӢ˵ЩL˻ԼĿأԼԼ˵Ļ𲻵ʲôãλУ񣬶ʱף˱ͲһӾУĸλͬټֱѵӢܴߥޣȻȻ䱸֮ġ
ҲԸٽ˵ֻߵӢܵǰúԵģû㻹һ֣ĳˡ
Ӣ֪Ҫȥڶ¾÷ǴƻLЩӡԽͶԼԽִLԵշģҲûпˣ㣬ҵ̩ɽǲǾ㣬⵽Ķ֣ǲµģʵʵĶλУ˵𡣡
***********************************************************ش⣬һӢΪʲôնжֱӸ㶨ڶʵܼ򵥣ڶǧѾңܲסңһ⣬ɱһڶϾ˽棬޷ֻ֣Լǿ󣬲ҪġڶΪңû̸еʱʵǴûעִսһЩϸڣձ˿йʮľйӣȴҪαһıҲ޷ռйֻ㹻˽ʮ򱾹Ҳ޷ƾ棬Դռң̸ʱʵǺǿġ


 358 ػL
ҪݣӢȴֵش֮ǰ˵ģˣʲô˵ʲôĶģգ˵˻ѣԵﶼΪūΪ潣Ҫ˵˻ѣҲһҲҡ
̩ɽ֮ǧȷӢܽһ٣Ǳôһ˵һʱҲ֪ηֻԲӦ䣬Цֹ
һͺɽʱɽ˻ֵ˭˭˵ҪӢܣLǳ㣬ˣΪʲô
ӢܵУһᣬСάѷге£ҵģһҳ˻ʵ۱µŮԶĻʵ۷ǳ˽⣬֪ܲʵһҲǴǣһصصйе˻ʵۣʩǳʴȺǶӵҲLǹҵľһ齵ؽڶͳϽ
ǲ֪ҲǴӢôһ˵¶֮ɫ֪ʲô
ͺǶʱ˵ƨȻ齵ΪʲôҪҵĶǧӣ
ӢܲĵУͲ֪ˣʵ۱ȻйˣعڼǰйǨڣʲô֮˶ΪԼعκιң֪Уʱֻʿ֮еĽ졢󳼶Ⱥ鼤ӿҪңȫ֮ʵ۱Ȱ˺þáʵ޷Ȱ裬ֻµĽǰȴڶͳңĵ⣬˭֪άУôʱǰȥڸҪ֮£ֻôһ̣Ľʵ۱ҲǱǸӣҸλǸڶͳ͡
ͺɽһۣͺǾͽάǽȥ˶ϸѯһ̵Ӣܣһ࣬ȴ˵Ӣܷ΢΢ЦУңôûиڶͳ˵Ҫ򵽾ҲףҪռͳƺôҲʮӰɡ
ʱҲȻЦָȥǡġ̬Ӣܣϲ㣬عһʵֵġ
Ӣȴҡҡͷһ̾ǣҲӵ㵱ʵۣҰֲ̫ˣҪȨڶͳ鷳һ˵ҰģذգʵڲģԲҲǡ
ԣҧҧȥ
һ󣬰ͺɽѾάĻߵӢܵǰɽӢܣ˵ңĻʵͶǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ⵱Ȼֲͼ
ɽӢܣȻLعҲ̫Ϊ㣬ڶͳ佢װ׳̹ж£佢źȥǸĻʵʲôҲֻѰ·
ӢܱһϿҵĵɽУҺͻʵ۱¶ˣʶִ۵
ɽһʱҲɣ˵ͷǺðɣղѾͺˣάȥڶͳǵĲӣʱȴڶͳָʾǼطеźŶȥϵˡ
Ӣǲ֪ڸţЦһҾֵлλУˣʵ۱»лλء
Ҳ˵رأͺɽľд˶꣬вµģжһͺǵЩӢܣϢһ֪ͨϴġ
һ˵ţһ߾ͽʿӢܵһȥʱĶ
***********************************************************˵ڶ죬ճԹһλʿͣͼά˽ӢܵԽ½ĵ·Ѿ޺ã佢ϵװ׳̹˶Ѿж¿ʥˣ׼LͺУɽУһźмڶͳ
ӢܼάԼǿǼʶֵԵʣվͷãάУ߰ɡ
˵֮䣬˱߳⻹ǹʵʿţɽ£һƥȥ֮ʱȴһյͣʮ̹ʮװ׳ͺɽѲӣȴǵӰӡܵż
άˣæ˾񣬲潫ӢܳӢҲ˵ͷЦʾ⡣
ͺɽӢӡ󲻴˵ͷάȥ
һ˳˳ǣ򱱶ȥСʱ֮󣬾͵ǺߣʱɷİLʿļ֮Ÿֿ·ȥѾһȫɹеǰˡ
άӢܴ£ߵߣȴͣС͵佢㳯һҵȥҵ˽ϵָӹ١ó˰ͺǵָӹٿ˿˰ǵһ䴬գάȴ࿴ӢܵʿѰطסԼȴӢסһ
ûã佢ͿʼʻӢĿĺߣάҪ󵽵װȥάҲܾһ˳ȥ
ߵװϡȴ佢һƬ罣ꪰĽʯﴩţֻǿУҪ͵Ĵֻ룬ͱըȴҪѺܴع
һֱ˰СʱûʻƬΣյĽʯڴʱķ˺Ȼ˺Х֮Ӣ֪쫷罫άص˴֮С
˴ڴάԵöңǺ棬ͣӢѯ龰ӢܾͼЩ޹ؽҪ˵ˣά֮õң˵طҲͣզࡣ
ӢҲ֪άĸLˣĸȴһᣬʮξڶʮ̣һЩսǰŵźгΪڶеһУųھлЩõڶԽӼҲѹôϲðǧǰˡ
ĸСʱ֮ķѾֹͣӢάߵ˼װ֮ϣȴͷһƬ£ǰһƬĴ󺣣ӭ洵һĿ
άԽѾ쵽ˣǸǾǴӹȥأҪӰ͵¶еľϰźнһЩʦ̩ٽԴĵõǽڼڶͳ֮ǰҿɵЩͳôָʾ
Ӣź棬֪L½˲Զˣʱ֮䣬оζӳ˷ܣҲипǳң˷ȻһΪ˵ĸоǰڵӢܣͽң֮ǰӢѾ˼Ĳͬϵر仯˼룬ľ桢ᡢҶٻѩáһŮҲԽԽˡ
˿Ӣܺ绰һ棬֪ԼţΪԼȥεƭϵĽ͵Ǹ
һȴǸĸ׷أҪԼĸ˭Ҿȥҵϡ
ͷֻԺһӶܿͱѹУԼĿǰʹܶǵ˵ĶĿܱ¶ԼһУǵȽң°ա»صй˵ɡ
佢ںһ·ǰУ˵ڶ糿͵ִ˰͵¶СLϷźеصڶУźֻٹLΨһһҲ
佢˾ۣLֻϷкʮֱֻ֮һ⻹кõļ佢벹ǳ¾ɣʲôѲ󽢡Ǳ֮ͧӰӶûС
ӢLЩȫս֮СһƬ½޺󣬺ûʲôˡ֮УҲɵһ̾LԸңȻ׾٣ΪǿһڹͻòһԴ˵ⱾӦһԣǿĹңӣʵ˸еϧ
ۿ֮йȻһЩӣǽӵʦãάϽӢȥҵʦ̩ٽǸʮְֶ꣬ļһάĻ㱨ֹͣһжȻڶͳһ绰άһ֤ͨһԽҰʿӢǰźеͳ
͵¶ź֮ĵ·ƽ̹Сʱ֮ԽҰѾźеӢܼʮ˲ߵʴƵ꣬뵽Լ¶ͼɱֵнǸп֡ĸ˵¶ִһܵҲ֪ûУֻϧѾʱ޷ϵˡ
Ľֵ۶УӢ㣬һδźгѾʱˣһжȻûʲôµҽֵߵ̷ţ·ϵҲûйȥXXˣһж˵ԽԽƶԽԽڶͳûЩѵõĺƽúõңȷһϸͳ
һ󣬾͵ͳһ֮⣬ѾվȫװLʿһͨĳһн״̬
Ӣά֪Щʿڶӵصһʦڶεľӣȥֻͳڣӣǳʲô
ά̩֤ͨһʿ绰ʵ֮Ȼˡ
ԽҰĵͳӢܻûȴһƬɫĽʮС¥ɣЩģİ׹ȫʯɣԵüɺ
һ֤֮ͨԽҰͳ˼һĸ߶򳡣㵽һĲ¥ߵԲ¥¡
Ӣ˳̧ͷ¥վźЩֳʿǷе˴ӿ͵Ϯ
άԽⴱ¥ͳ칫صط滹һ¥˾ס֮ǽ̻ԻͣǴһձˮƾͻԪһǲȥģǰҵõͳ뵽ȥһοͣʵǿ۽硣ͳ˺ͳĹϵһֱãһǰʹӵȥˣһλŮס棬˵ǳޣڶͳҲǳ谮ϧһһֱûм
ӢܼһĽȴһ̾L¥ﻹһξ룬ͳֻڶϢż칫֮ŪôĿݳޣ˷ޱȣԪԽϷһذһµʳˣںܶĵطǶֻܳһٴ׾׷LḻĿʵڱĹ˾Ӷᣬ˰ҲڶΪ׵ЩԱ޳ܵĻӻţԿ϶ڶڹĴһ˵֣ңǧ˵һճ־õѡ
ţһʮ꣬ģӢУٴ¥Ҵ˳һӢܣάУͳڶ¥İ칫ţȥɡ
ά˵ͷǼʿ棬Ӣ߽˴¥˳¥¥ȥһһߵղڶͳͼֻУΣͳ̩Ҳҵ
ӢܼҲȫǹ⻬ʯĥɣҷ˽ǹ⻪õĶɽ뵽ͳ֮޴󣬸L񱯰
˶¥ʮı±վţϸϸ˵󣬱һ˴һţƫƫͷʾάӢܽȥ
άӢܽȥ֮󣬱һԼһٶƽ׵İ칫ңź޵̺ÿһȻĵƣԺ֮һϣһ޴ͻͻһɫͳǿһֺӢݵӡ
޴ͻ£һİ칫ȴһʮңɫӣü뻭ЩƣֻǶ˼ӷף˼Ӣ˵ȻǸڶͳˣӢLΨһĵ̨ϼֻǾȾͷҪ̬һЩϾǰױԵʡ
άڶʱһ׼ľ񣬵ͳңʹӢѾˡ
ڶ΢΢˵ͷȻһӢܣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷӢܣ˵LˣеǸʲôνңȢ˻ʵ۵Ĺǲǣ
ӢҲһͷͳôһ£
ڶСӣ޸ǳƯƯ
ӢҲ֪ڶǾ˳ûжĻʻʵеޱȱģܿǿѹס΢Цƽ㲻ɡ
ڶֵ˵ͷǸǰң鶼˵ˣû뵽Lôһ鲻Ϊ֪ĵطҵӴĽӢܣ˵ǲֵǮģûУ
Ӣܵȷ£ңкܶĽ󡣡
ڶһ⻰Щƣǵʱһһӵģ̫ˣȡ֮Ļƽ𣬿ɭһʲôҶ
Ӣ˻жʱһϱ˫ȻǩƽԼѾʮ꣬ƽʱĦȻϣղſͳ⾯أһнٵϢֻǽչϵַǳţսһˡ


 358 
ӢһˣȴɫȡһֱϵͲó˽ֲͼȻͳԼдĽ飬άݵڶеңĻʵϵĽֲͼһҪͳС
ڶǽ鿴һ飬дüǫԼ֮⣬һǰɽL㲻ͣĵͷȻǽֲͼĿתĿãֳ˿ϲ֮ɫ̰֮
һڶŻָ̬ϸĴӢһӢܣңĻʵ⽵Ψһϣܹסʵ۵λӣǲǣ
ӢһͷһйˣһеңֻΪһЩԵɺϣòײŵңĻʵۣʵ᲻÷ٻ˵ȻңʵۣLұ£ȻЧͳ㣬ΥκԸ
ӢƵڶ˸ƺ˼µľֵͳҲ֪ʵLĹ񣬶ҲĲģңҷǳϤʳŲռ˴־סٶ꣬LģԶL˲ϳ⣬˷ǳģֶĹ⣬ȥǽ˵ǵĵ⣬ò顣ͳ֮άУĲҰܾһźӣʵûбҪ
ңûͨѶźšڶ޷ľȡϵӵ̩ص绰ֻ֪άҪ׽ľ֪ڶͼάϵ˵ĺۼӢôһ˵۾ά˰𣬵ôһ£
ά֪ڶ֪أԼ˵Щ±ԼŶǧðռңŪȫ˵һ飬ԼĿǿôϲڶͳġ󡣾Ȼ£ͣؓԼĶ⡣𷣡
ӢܼάڶﵥӹЩʶὫ½ҹȥġ
Ȼڶһ󣬻˻ֵάһ¸ҵ¸ңЩ嶯δ˰̣ȼϣ㵽ǰȥҪˣܲܽ
άʱѾͨ죬⻰ӹһ˿Ӵ֮ɫæ־˸նĵͳ֤һʤ
ӢڶĻȷLϱ˫ľѾ˽ŵĵزжʱһϲڶսһңˡ
µڶͳҲȷֲάУң˼طֳ˿ܶѾLľҲȻ󣬵ϤΣʵҲսʤοǴ˾ǣҲԲڰָλսͳӦ֪սеؽѵȻһб֮ǰڵ٣ʱԽãԽ󣬶ҾӴﵽ˶ʮˣɻʧܸաͳˡֱԣҪռңƷȨҪֲһϽǰղȻڱңӰ쵽Ŀ䣬Чӵͳ㣬ǸνĻʵ۴ǹߣǰһ顣
ڶĻĬãŵӢܣң˭ʵۣҲûϣֻҪܹ֤ȫңҿԽͶΪط١
Ӣ̵ȻܹȫӣοһʲôĶ⣬ͳɱǣҲ練Ƶ顣
ڶﻺ˵ͷðɣҾͽͶֹͣǸң͸ΪLңʡʡǸΪʡᣬҪһ־ȥ
ӢӦʹѾ˳ȫͷʱһæû⣬ԴӦ
ڶǿһһֽҪдͳȴţ˵ͳάУһʿҪ棬˵Ƿǳ
ڶ㶣ͣ
䣬ͼƿˣղǸУͼһʿǸάLʿ֮һ
ʿڶ̾˸񣬵ͳʩʿУ֮һУң¹شһҪС
ڶŶǵšҵҪƣʲô¹شġ
ʩʿ̴ӻͳһšڶС
Ӣû뵽ǾȻôһ֣ÿ֪֪е˼˵ıȻǳƻͶֻȨ֮ƣģڶɱԼ
ȻЩӵң׻һȫ󻼡
ڶ￴ţ˰칫ϣͼʿȥӢܵӢܣ˵µһֻıúܰҶǳģҪǹ㡣
ӢܹЦʲôһǻǿҰҲѹ֣оɳ𡣶ŮȻҡ
˵ֵͳһ̣֪Ƿʵش𡣡
ڶʲô£
ӢܵɱǲǾͻΪңʡĵһʡ
ڶ˵ͷϤʧΪһѵѡ
Ӣ֪ܵͳԷǴӡΣɲţ
ڶҲǸ˲ţڿɲţӴ࣬޷½ۡ
ӢһЦ޷½ۣǾǺжˣͳǾһˣسǸԶ޷µһʲô˱ңҲɷ壬췴ҵɷνػʺ󣬺αʵ۹˻ңͳ㻹ŵù޻˵
ڶһû˵һŵʺǸŮʿʲôʺ𣬳ùȻƯзϣŵúܰ
Ӣܵ溶˽˻ңǹȥһ󳼵ضӣΪϽɷ壬ıңԷΪۣ溶Ȼ˻ʺˣǾ˽ͨŵõĺͼӳģͳ֪˲٣ȫԵ
ʱȴάһԵͳҿ֤£ʱӢܺͷǵŰͺУɽУǵʵأǲûз
ӢܼάԼ˵֪Ҳңٿսˣжʱһϲ
άĻڶ᲻ţвɵһǸŮʿܸ߹󰡣ԭҲǸ벻벻
ӢǺεˣڶ飬״Ǹɫ֮ͽҿ޵溶ȤʱЦ꣬ʳȣ֪Ů溶кľ飬ڶòƽӹף˻һ磬溶ῴ
ڶ˵⻰ֵӢܣ⽵Ҫٿǿǣ𸴣ȸάȥɣάҪúõдλʲô£ҪΨʣûУ
άβ֪ڶ˼ԼӢܣϽ־ǣͳһ粽ظġ
Ӣףڶ￴ۣܻ쵽ͳλãһʮ꣬Ҳƽ֮ǵţδز˼ʱѲ²ľҲЩأȴ΢΢һЦзȵڶһͳҾ͵ȴľˡ
ڶ˻֣άӢȥˡԼȴһοʼ𷽰ǵǷ
ߵ¥£ͼ͵šάУλסѾźˣɡ
ά˵ͷ
Ӣܸ󡣡
ͼ߳ڶİ칫¥ȴʿѾˣľѾ㹻Ϣȥˡ
˳ƽ̹شֱֱǰȥûþߵǸ߶򳡵ԱߣȴԭյزƺԶԶվĸˣŰ£ŮһУӶ˴磬һ˴һ׺ɫзɫ˶Ьɲˡ޳ȣڻӸ˻СȻӢܵ˿ڵȻƲ⣬ǸŮˡ
ʱֻάͼУͳ÷Ӣ˰ɣ˵ͳ˴һߣͳͰ÷Ӣ˽ӵˣ˵ǳƯʣϧһûм
˵⻰ӢУȴǲɵһ𣬶ʱάѷгǴıǸ޳ٸһȳ嶯ʴǵҹ÷ӢˣѵʶǸį˿ȸһٸ÷Ӣڶңǰվڰ֮ⱳԼ÷Ӣˡ
뵽÷ӢʶһУ뵽Լ˵ǳԼǴǴӾܸܴذӢѾ˼֣Ů˵ΣȷԼʶ÷ӢǳƣѾ˰˾ųɵİա
˵ʵ÷ӢŮˣӢǲʲôģֻﶯйһοҰ飬ôûȥŮˣ·ڼѾĨ˭뵽Ȼ»Լļ䣬Ѿ˲ͬѾӹȥĽ˿ȸLͳҷˣȡͳ˵λá
˿ӢһͷڶĿǰѲ⣬˷ǵĻҲ˵Լµǣң½һƬޱѪȣɱ¾ǧǧľɥֻ±ɷս࣬Σ龰÷ӢԼһᣬʧȥ
Ȼ÷ӢԼ̫ԶӢܸ޷ӽʱȴ÷Ӣ˻Ӹ˻һ̬ţʱĽðúá
ôȻһУͼάһͼҽʲô˷ˣﲻ𡣡
άҲæLͳɲңҪԼͳûĴʵΣյúܡ
ӢܱЦŵԲ𣬶Բҷǳϲ߶򣬵ң֮һֱû˻Ӹˣһʱʧ˳
һ˵ţȴ÷Ӣķ򣬹ȥԼɳҲ֪ôԶܲϳԼ
ʱ÷ӢѾתӳôӢϬ̾ϳ÷ӢԼʶǸ޵Ľ˿ȸ
˿ֻͼ÷ӢˣԲӢܲأûоɡ
÷Ӣվﳯŵ·߿˺һ󣬲ŵһŮӶ˵ЩʲôŮӶ̴ҴææС˹ͼУ˴ȥлҪʡ
ͼ޺޵ӢһۣһˣȻʲô֣ҵġ
άҲһŵͳ÷Ӣ˳谮ޱȣӴˣҪǸͳ˵㣬ҲҪùǴӦͳҪסģôͳ¶ˡ
Ӣܵɣֻǽһãû˵ģûôذɡ
˵֮䣬Ѿ÷ӢȥӢһֱ÷Ӣֻüëϸֱͦ촽ͿŵҺɫ࣬õɫзµӰ͹£͸ŵķϣƺȹȥЩʮ׵ʱĿͽעԼɫҲ΢΢죬ȻѾϳԼǸɳ
÷Ӣ˵ĸǰ÷ӢȴҲûӢһۣǳͼͼУ˭
ͼϽˣ·ֵң뽵ʹߣӢܣȥҲLˡ
÷ӢŽĿ»صӢܵϣϸϸһ󣬲ŵͷң£ͳҲ˵˵治ˣȡ֮ĻƽӢܣLˣʲôʱ򵽵
Ӣܵˡ
÷ӢĵŶû꣬Ϊȥ˺ܾôʹߣò
άԼ÷ӢоͷĿһֱû뿪ʱæˣӢȢңĹǻʵ۵ŮĽȻԵʹˡ
÷Ӣԣӹһ˿ˣȴӢܣ㸣ܺðȢ˻ʵ۵ĹƯ𣿡
ȻڶղҲʹĻ˵˼ȴвͬӢ÷Ӣʲô΢΢һЦֻһƽŮˡ
÷Ӣ¶˴ǲŵɫܿͻָޣͼ˵ʲôطȥ
ͼȥӭݣͳάУסˣû뵽Ȼһܾˡ
÷Ӣҡҡͷˣô˵ʹߣҲͳĿˣҲԸƽϣͼӭȥɡ
ͼæ˲㻹ллˡ
ӢǺЦ÷Ӣʿ΢һˣΪղŵʧǸ
÷Ӣƺٿתȥһ߼Ӷˣһߵǿ߰ɣͳȻҪҴˣҲá
ͼάһæ÷Ӣ˸ȻӢ뿪ˡ
˳ŵ·ǰʮң㵽һߵ¥¥ҲվżֳԶǹľ
ҶܹңĹ⣬δչ꣬͸¶һģҲһôѪڵģʼۿ


 359 
һ߽ȴһʮ꣬òξ·ŮڸɫװŮ˷ԸʲôͼŮæ˹һ
ͼָָάӢܵάλһ䷿Ҫעⰲȫ
ȫ˵رأ̱ˣãûʲôҾͰǵ¥ȥš
һ˵ţһһķʮŮȣУλ505ȥ
ȴӦһάӢܺòһֵλɡ
Ӣܺά͸¥䣬ȴһ˫˼䣬ĲúȫǼĴƵ
ȸǹ֮ʱӢܱǹľվſڡ
ţάеһŴϣһȻ÷Ӣ˵ǲǣ
ӢҲԱߵĴϣһߴ򿪵ӣһߵ÷ӢͦƯģڶͳˣûָˡ
άԵġһڶͳЩŪֵŮ˿治٣ղ濴Ǹξ˵Ҳ鸾֮һŮģͳҲ㲻СˣҲ֪ûǸ
ӢάмĽЩԹ˼ͳ鸾ҲǺ£άʮ˰ɣŽˣжٶŮ
άųÿɲÿְԱʶཫҿɵﲻ𣬿ƯҲֻˮˡ
ӢάҲһʱ䣬Ѿ֪ȻЩôϲҲLձһЩϰԸֱˬάղŶлҡ
άָ֪ԼվԷǵ£һЦҲûʲôǸշģұƲߣټҲԼصȥװ׵˵òҲҪңľסҪռǸطȴҪܴĴۣڽϣ֪ʲôʱһֻṦĸ֡ҪǺȻ͵ϮɱɲСֻҪһЩLʿ͸Σˡ
ӢܼάЩʶ˵ͷ֪ͺãάڶҪ㵽ǰȥӦϱ˫гͻˡ²£
άȻͷȥụ̂ǲµģңûĿŶǧȫˣЦ˵ʵҶں£˭սʲôʱܽ
ӢܵάΪʲôεľ
άҼǹȥɽˣ˸ĸ֮⣬үү̣磬һãȫҾͿĶÿ춼ҪӣȥڿˣұҲҪȥģߵɽ£ս˵ÿԳٷÿ»ʮԪȿã֪ģʱһҿൽͷҲ治һȣһʮ£ҾһٶʮȣԸµʳҲԸүүҩְũߣûдػȹӡ
ᣬƺЩʪ󣬳ĬһֵʱڶﻹûеͳҲҸһа٤Ľֽڿ죬𣬱ѡ˵֪ҲһΨһػᣬź٤ͱȱ˸벻ģõ˲ȥģҿȥ˰٤ע⣬ȥеһʿҲȱƴʱξ٤ùһսбٽڶܣҲˣҾͶڶһһεսȢһԱŮ
ӢԣҲһпάļأӦ˰ɡ
ά̾һ˹٣үү͵òˣҵڿĸҲһֱû䣬ֻ׶༪٣ҵȥ˼ŮǰЩಡˣֻиĸڣȥӵźǸſǣáҵĸĸһ֮¾ֻؼȥˣֻЩǮǡ
ӢܺһάӦôŶԡ
άʱɫҲģְǰ͵¶еĸгССУˣҡҺòײŻ쵽ĵزʵЩ᲻á
ӢܹάĵλףҲѹôð±㲻£άӭݷ䲻Сڶͳƽкܶô
ά˵ͷڶͳͳᣬĶǴٹˡС㣬˾סʱ뱱ϵǳšͼˣҲ
Ӣһͷ˵ڴͷһ߿ŵӡһ÷Ӣһ档
ʱ䲻֪ĵϣҲŮģ澯Ѿ⻻ˡ
ҹĻͳȴǵƻԻͣ磬ǶſҲͣĹš
Ӣ֮󣬾һֱվش¥עţȴͣһߵھϸʻͳάάֻһͳ鲻ҪˣضǱһЩͷ
Ӣһʲôط
άͳסլ˻࣬Ӧǿѡġ
Ӣά˵ڶסصطİ칫¥棬ԴӴȥȫԲͳ磬֮⡣ȻĵӼϵͳ칫¥һξ룬ԽӽڶסլرԽߣҪ벻¶ȥӽ÷ӢʵǺѵ飬÷ӢĹϵǾڶ֪ģĻ÷ӢﲻԼԼпɱ֮
һˣӢֻ÷¥ȥ÷Ӣ뷨ң£Ҳֻˡ
ۿŵҹάѾ˯Ӣ˼ӣȴ޷ߡ
ʱȴȵάУάУ˯𣿡
άʱӴϷʲô£
ȵ̫̫ܵ÷Ӣ˵뵽ͳμˣ㡣
άһʱ÷Ӣô
Ȼţǵ̫̫
ȵ÷Ӣ˵ͳˣ˵Ҫǰȥ̫̫ɽ°ȥɣ
άһҡͷһߴվӢܵȳȥһǧߣйҲǳΣյġ
˵⻰ʹ˳ȥȻֹˡ
ʱֻȵˣ½ˣǿ䣬Ŀ˲Ҫξȥչ˿½
űһ˴ӦһȻŲԶȥ
ӢʱѾžĳһӿ÷Ӣά̫̫뵽ͳֻ²ô򵥣ſλȥƺʾʲôھصȴš
Ȼʮ֮֮˼΢ĽŲӢóŮ˸߸Ь
ʱȫȷ˭ˣʱӴһԾ𣬴˷䣬վһžñžŮˣñԵѹúܵͣһʱоòǾȴڲס塣
Ӣ͵һֻ֣ŮһӱݣȻһֻֿٵĹš
￪һյƣӢܽŮ˵ľñٲĺڷй£һ¡׾ͳǰ÷ӢǹȥάѷеֻסںĽ˿ȸLͳ빫÷Ӣˡ
÷ӢӢܣĿԵüмİ˺һ󡫲૵ĵɳ𣬿ˣֳҵǰ
ӢҲ˵ͷǵģɳǸάѷʶɳ÷Ӣּˡ
䣬÷ӢȻĻ˫§סĲӣֺ촽Ѿ˹
Ӣܸܵļ飬ƺһӻص˹ȥһȲҹ˫Ҳİסͷ֮˱š
һӢܾͿʼ⿪÷Ӣľ˵öŤ֮ʱ÷Ӣѩ׵鷿Ѿ͹Գɫѹ֮£γһ鹵
Ӣ֮ܽУһᣬ÷ӢԲ鷿ȫӢһ߽÷Ӣѹǽڣһţ÷Ӣıǻ֮кܿͷ֮
ܿأ˾͵˴ϡ÷ӢԵúܿг˰İӢȥ·߳ӾһӢǿѹ÷Ӣ壬һ˱һǿĳţ·ֻص˼ǰǸҰӢܣ÷Ӣֻ§ͦ֫任ʽӭʱطģ˵
֮Ӣܽ÷Ӣڣһ÷ӢȴȻĽıѩ׵˫κ˫૵ĵɳɳҪ뿪ңҺ㣬һֱ㡣
˵⻰ûһƺʶʲô¶Ȼ֮ɫɿӢܣӴͷľͳһ߼ֽĬĬĸӢܲøɾȻٲԼӢʪͷ㵽׽ɳǽӢܡ
ӢܵӢܡ
÷Ӣ˵ͷȻЦӢܣúģǰ˾ûѶһǵһ⣬Ҳ𣿡
Ӣʱ÷Ӣ⻬Եļ÷ӢҲ㣬ʵʱһһɱ֣ǲκ֪ҵĵϸġ
÷Ӣĵһ֪̾㲢ңһֻΪҵ壬ӢܣҶ̫ˣɱְ֣ҵȷǳʺ㡣
˵Ҳ֧ӵȴǸܵңʹߣӢܣ֪֪ԼǳΣգ
ӢܵһЦڶ˵𣿡
÷Ӣǵģ֮ڶҴ߶ˣҾڶǳϲңʲô¶ҵģ˵ԥòɱɱʹߣȻ󳹵ңɱĻʵۣô¡
ӢܵŶôشġ
÷ӢʲôҲûлشֻңͷɭ˭в
Ӣ⻰жʱһѾ֪ڶĴˣ÷ӢĴʵڳԼϣҪֱӰԼ˵ڶҲỳôԶδػ÷ӢʻʲôҲ͸Źڶ˼ɽǶԼǳġ
ֻ÷ӢӢܣڶѾˡ֪̩ͨٽһңȥίΪңʡʡҪ𽫴Ļƽ˵L
˵ҧҧ촽ֵڶˣΪ˷޳£Ҳһҹͻԡ˵Щ̫įģͳһС͵ᣬһЩֵεǰμӣڶʹӦҡҽϲһǰ˵Ļᣬڶǲʲôʱ˼ء
Ӣ뵽÷ӢԼ⣬÷Ӣллˡ
÷ӢҡҡͷȻӢܣʵڶᡣҲǸԼᣬҲ㡣
÷ӢȻޣӢ֪Լ޷΢΢һ̾÷Ӣҡ
÷ӢʱȻұۣͿź֬ϸָʳָ촽֮ϣӢܣ㲻˵ʲôҲ˵֪ԼеĵλҲҪʲôֻҪżʱһң滹ǵ÷Ӣ˾ˡ
Ӣû˵һŵ÷Ӣôʶڶġ
÷Ӣֻάѷһ˼ҵĺӣĸںʱȥˣǸװϴÿ๤ʮСʱŰʮʱȥһƵŮд꣬ڶʱյͳãάѷӲ죬ҳòƵϰҸӴͳÿ춼һ֡
˴ӹ˱ˣһϣڶĴûзΪ֪ҲûãԼҲϣܹڶɽҵظܹһЩڶܿģңҽ˱鸾֮һҵĸάѷеһС٣ӹ˺ü꣬Ҿһֻһֻ޷ɳ񣬲ܳάѷ֮ȥÿ춼һȺıڣҲ֪ԼΪʲôţŻʲô˼
ʱ÷ӢӢܵ˭֪㣬ĵãһ־ͽЩڴ仨ˮĦдˣӢܣ֪֪ʮˣǻҵһεõɣһڶ˵һô¸ңôĳ˵ھƵżҪңĸԸһηԼ˵ؿĿ֣˲Żסĵطϣ͵Ž͵ŽΣգĻˣҵķ䣬ȻҸоõҪֻҵ壬һǺܿģÿ춼ȻʧȥȤ֮û뵽Ĳˣĺܺ˵ҪϸĻΪ뿪ҵġ
ӢܼЩˣ㸧˸ڶôӵͳģ
÷ӢȻЦڶǳɫ֮⣬ٻʮϵ鸾̫̫ܲˣʹźȥ˷ڶһŮ˴̫̫뵽ңһǰҽӵǲ׼߳ͳֻǴһһӣϣң֪㣬ҵУֻһѷ⣬һ˶ĵķ⡣
Ӣܵ÷Ӣ︺ξĹϵܺãǲǣ
÷Ӣ˵ͷ龰ʵҲ࣬Ҳڶ鸾֮һȥǾĻʿһӢξѣ䱻ڶ￴ˣռӣ͵ǰȥִһǳΣյ񣬽䲻Ѿˡ֪Ǳ¶ȻпµĽװһڶĹһƬӣڶ˺ЩŮڶͽˣʵҲܿ࣬ңûˡ
һУӢ֣ܲLľԱУ鸾ĲοΪͳڶ
÷ӢʱһӢܣҪȥˣ£ڶ﷢ֵģǸ̵ļһǳµ
һ˵ţһ߾վӣߵԡңܿĳϴɾҴ˳˾Ӣܵǣ¶ŰˣӢܣٴο㣬ҲˣҲһμˣӦңҪٵLֽʼˣҲ֪ʲôʱܹ
ӢҪ£΢Ц÷ӢڶǲϾҪͷɭսˣ⵽ôһ£
÷ӢӢܣǰ˱С߰꣬ʶʱ򣬾Գ˳Խĳ죬ȻԸо͸ۣһҫ۵Ĺâ겻ȴ˸ı䣬˷âóƽͣһɽӲֿݣһˣˣȴʲôõĳŮˡ


 360 ǿ֮
ųԽԽӢܣ÷Ӣţڶ뷲ɭͣսǰЭ飬ÿҪɭıϷҪɾ޶˰𣬶ɭÿ궼׼ʱɣǽ귲ɭȴȻͨڶ˵Ǳ⵽֣޷ٽ˰ҪӽԺȫ⣬ڶȻԸˣҲͨ緲ɭʱ䣬֮ڲܽ˰𣬾Ҫ򱱷Ȩս޻ȥˣȨûʲôӦڶѾ򱱷ǰرڹľ˵ҪȽս׼һͳһLôˣֻǹȥϹڹѹ̫˽ڡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷԭңĻƽڶǳҪˡ
÷ӢûңĻƽ𣬷ɭҲڶĶ֣Ϊı˵֧֣ʵҪǿ࣬ڶ߹ңܹ꣬ɭľȫܣռ챱ȫ֪ڴţ
Ӣܵ˵ͷˣңﻹһеĽ䴬ӦôˣڶûȤ
÷ӢҡҡͷѾ˻ˣûʲôãȤֻǻƽһЩ䱦
˵վӢܣȥǸңĻʵۣǧҪڶǸսħ
Ǽ˻ܷµģҲҪĹ뿪Ҳϣʲô¡
˵⻰÷ӢӢܵͣӣҧҧ촽Ϳ˳ȥ
Ӣܾڴϣ÷ӢȻҴҶҴҶȥȻԸܵ޵Ů˶ԼĹġǿ޷Լ˵ŮˣֻǿȨߵһżг˸п
֮ܿԺ󣬿ʼĿǰʽϱ˫սң˵һᣬڶԱȨȫԸ޷˼ңʵ̫ǿԻƽ̫˳Ӧþʱǣķ͵ֺŲڶע⣬ҪֻеȻصңˡ
뵽Ҳԡȥ裬ȻصϿʼ˯ȴ˽Ų˹
һ˯ӢάŻȴһƣ룬ƤҲǸףӢܶԼͷ΢Ц㲻˼ĵģŰҲڲſϷţǰȥҲáʡüʳš
ӢܹһЦйо׻˵ŮˣʮǣʮƻҲǺ¡
άȻԼźܲ⣬ŵʮţƻ𣬿ϧʵ̫ѿûθڰҪǻ÷Ӣ˶ڴ϶Ը⡣
Ӣһɵ΢΢һЦ
˵Żȴһͼ˽ӢܣڶͳѾͶΪңʡʡ̩һжѾָ̩ʾˣھ͵͵¶еؾȥ̩ңʡѾ˳
Ӣ֪ڶﾭһҹ񻶣ʱʱڻŮ´ůٽӼԼһСһʹɣңһҲǴϲȥͼֵУлˣҲӭ㵽ңʡͣʡһúõдġ
ͼһ֣ͷЩصңʡ֮һͳģϣתʡЧڶͳҪʲôģͳǲʴȵġ
ӢҲ֪ңǺ֮ǰڶǲǰȥģοĿǰϱսһҪҪڷɭϣУԼ˵ؿǶȫǾӸ֮ƣҲǰգȴȫ¶ֻһЦУػһתʡģʡģͳպͻס
ͼ˵ͷ˳ȥ
ӢܱߵάߣֵУҲףǰߺˡ
άסֵ
ӢܣҲϣܹٻż㣬лᣬһңʡȥġ
Ӣܶһͷתȥ
һ͵˵¥ȴξվ棬һ󣬾ĵ˵ͷӢ֪÷Ӣͳѣע⣬Ҳ΢΢һЦ
û˵ʲôͲӭ⣬ȻԼǰľԽҰͣ棬ʿѾͣ
Ӣܳһʿµʿ͵ϳɡ
Ӣһͷ굽˳ڣʿҲãǰ˾
˳ŸٴУСʱ֮󣬾͵˰͵¶еľۣȴ̩ٽѾŵǧಿ佢ϡ
ʿӢܵеһ佢ϣһξָӲȴ̩һſİ칫ϡʾӢ£ȻӢܣ賿ʱڶͳѾͨ绰ˣǵǸνĻʵͶңΪңʡʡȻLˣҾͲø˵ϻˡͳҪǻƽ𣬴ĻƽңȨ̿սء
ӢܲһЦ̩ٽȫģʡһֳڶͳġ𾴵ġ
̩˵ͷԱߵһߵ绰У𺽡
Ļûãһѣ佢Ѿˡ
̩Ȼңʡһие棬ͣӢѯӢܾͼҪĽңʡķ飬Լȥʷ˵ˣֻ˵ֻһ̩оֻһżңЩйˡ̩ҲĿѣ췽ҹ̶һ㡣кʱȻҲĽӢҲ̸е֪ǧ˰ȥ⻹жʮ̹ˣʮװ׳ʮԼϵһЩҪؾʣǽʦãóһɵУȴһ佢ϡ
佢ңķȫǰţӢ֪ң޷ϵ̩ľͷǳҪˣؽύ֮ˣ֪ʶּ㣬̸̩ǿӣϲ̩ҲǹĿ࿴
֪Ѿȥһ죬ҹ֮ѾңһƬ⣬佢ͿʼٻУҹ֮ʱִ˵½㡣
̩ٽʱӢߵ˼װ⣬ǰȥȴŻż׵ĺ̲ʱȴǵƻԻͣ˴Żվ
̩һ㶣ǰָЩʲôˣ
Ӣ緱һĻѣʼΪLʿڴߴɷ£Щһֱûжƺڵȴʲôжʱµ߰˷֣Ц̩ٽӦʡӭˡ
̩ŶһôʡǸˡ
˵֮䣬佢Ѿêͣ˺̲֮ߣȴǺ̲֮ʱ֮죬һһ󣬵ЩӭԼľӿؼʽ̩Ӣ˾һźۣϵӴҴææ˹Ӣϵң齭һ֪ȻǷ֮Ѿʼʾǿ֮ˡ
ǽһӢһL̩̬ɣҲȻLӵ죬Ͻ˹
Ӣһָ飬λ̩ڶͳȫȨ񡣡
˵⻰ֶ̩λǽ飬ĵλ൱ڽ
һӢܵ˵ͷȻͳ̩һҾң齭һңʵ֮ǰӭϱ񡣡
һ˵ţһߵһСӣ̧ʮڴӡ
LĻռȫ˿ڵ֮һL˶˵һЩ̩ҲLϴȻԺﲻİҲӢܷ룬XXX˽һһۡӹᣬûһо¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
ӢܾվԱߣȻƵõдʲôȴֻƽ𣬰ټйŶʮ
̩֪ŶļֵģοֻƽۺϳԪһʾ޿㳬ԼǰеĻˣ벻Լһͷ˴ƣǼʮڴӣһʱĻŭţͷǵĻʵۻ㲻ڶͳΪңʡʡʵǲܵˡ
һʵ۱ʥͺУɽУȴŽĵѾ֪ͨȥˡ
ֵ̩һװ׳Ѿ佢ʻ˻֣һЩ̧ȥãǰ·ȥǵĻʵۣڶͳ
ʱȴһУΣǴֺڽ׳˹̩ȴõóɡ̩Ӣ뽭һ˽ܣһҲ׼һֻǱ̩ҪһЩ
ڶΪ˳ＯľѣͿʼپ˾LľԱиܻ¸Ѿǹ£̩Ҳ໥ܻ䣬ңʡͿŴ󼪣ȻҲĸˡ
̩УӢܳеһװ׳һһȺǰ濪·
̩ٽӢվװ׳ϣǰʻʮңʥѾԶˣȴǰ˴ƬĻ⡣
ֻһһҾ̩ʵ۱ǰӭˡ
̩ˣӢװ׳ǰ棬ȴһߴѾЦվֻһɫ촽ŵĺҲ˸ɾԵ࣬ȫһɹˣһ˿ͳӡ
̩ɿƳһؾΣȻ̩ʹӰͺУɽУ˵Ĵˣһֱһû뵽ڲᣬһᣬһᡣ
̩ѾӢ˵һʮǰйˣ˼һҲ֣׿Ĳ˵ڶͳѾΪһʡ֮LصλԼ֮ϵģҸղֵõĺ񣬱ҲЦȥס֣ЩӲĺηڶͳLʽջҽңΪңʡ㵣εһεʡȫҡ
ͷӦãӦãлڶͳҵغ񰮣һͳĹһ̩ǡ
̩˵⡱ʱԼҡҡƺָ֪ԷǸʵˣԼֻ»кܴغôʵ벻һңʡ֮Уһ׮ɴЦʡǺʱ仹ܳҪúõĽύǡ
ӢȴǰЦLľԱҪô̰ƣҪô̰ɫȴǲɫ̰ڿضڶЧңǶǱ滯ģҪЩˣʵڲѡ
ʱӢ̩ܵܶϳѾʥ׼˱磬ͺУɽУӦҲϾӭӽˡ
̩ǰԼ˿ͽᣬȻպˣϤһУкֻҪԼҪʲôòֲŵʡŮңֵһ˵˵ˡ
һ˵ţһ߾װ׳͹ЦţӢܻ˻֣ʾȥԼǰ濪·
һʥǶȥûһͼǰװ׳۶ͣ£ȴǰͺɽˣ̩⣬üɫ˼䡣ȻʥǶȥ
ʥǵϣȴͰںõķʢزȣ˸õų⻹жʮʮ£òеŮվźţӢ֪ȻЩң¥Ůӡܹô̵ʱڴʥҲȷǿޱȡ
ϣ̩һϵЩĵŮӣ۾ҲһͣĹЦţкˣ̩ӵʦٽʦڶؾ֮еλ̫ߣڶƤ֮£Ҳûʲôˮ̣ЩΣطԱ󷢺ĵͬҲǼʰȻLȻôһõطڶԼȫȨأǷƷˣԲԼҲԲͳĺ񰮰
ʱҲվڵϣ̩ɣЦӭӢܼѾó䣬Ҳο
һˣתƳȥվһߣȴ֪ѾϵԼʲô⣬޷ֹЩLٵ̰ɫȻŭʧˡ
̩˶ӣ˻֣òŮվ档
ʱҲ̩õȴL׼ľ
ӢܶԷйǣ̩ǰѾ˵ٵĻ̩ûһӡ񣬱ǿֻһ˵ͷ
̩Լ飬ɫѿ֣ͬȥһǡ
ҲȥһģмŮߵ˵пʼ߸վž̩ľƣ̬ǫӢȻ״ɷĵ뵽ȥ־緶֮Ҳǲܡ
˾ƺʴͷڴҲǷ׷ǰȥྴȻתͺǵټһųǴƨһʱ֮䣬֮ƣ֣䵽һߣһﲻֻһ˺ƾơ
Ӣܿȴ˼£ס̩ͺǡɽУʲô⣬ЩϤЩˣһ赶ɱˣ̩ǳ⵹ʧһߡ
ʱƵڵĴ󳼣ȴȫĳ硢ʵ佫ȴһޣ֪佫ĳֱαƻȫ̵ļƻ
ྴ䣬ЩLľѾǺȵ࣬ЩȻˣԼߵŮҲʼëëЩŮӵȷ˴ɷغܽİؼŮҶ˷ԸȻͶͱᡣ
ˣ֣ЩŮ̩˵ķȥϢ̩ͺǡɽȴĵļŮźţһȻǴˡ
ĿLľ뿪ϵЦʧˣָӦеĳ֮״Ӣʵܶʶ
һ˵ţһŴȥӢæš
ûã͵һ͵ƵСݣСֻһŴһԲʹţȻΧԲ
һ£ӢܵܶȥLڶͳ¸˵һ顣
Ӣܾͽڶ˵ˣֻ÷Ӣ֮ʵڲųݣҲҪû˵
Lϱƽţսһڶһʱ޷ʱҲ¶ϲ֮ɫͷãðϱս̱ڶ覹˼޾ܹһŪȽLľӳ׵ĸϳȥ
ӢܵʣһҪڶҪ뷲ɭ̣ĵľңĻƽƽǲɲڶ¶ˣҲɶٵǿʵһȫ߲֮ǡ
ʱһԵȴȻ΢Ц÷򣬽ʲô֣
ӢԴ󽫾Ǻû
һЦǸİˣǸڶҪ˳˳ңĻƽ𣬿ǰΡ


 361 ̴
Ӣһʱû뵽˼·ôŵģ
ʵ÷˵ڶҪ˻ƽȥҪʲô
Ӣ΢һ˼ңĻƽϷǳȴҪ˳˳ƽ𣬾ͱ뱣֤ϵ·ͨ
ʵͷԸǲ·ͨġ
ӢܱǼˣ̾ͻȻһƵˣԴ󽫾ǹװŲԸ游ͶһֵĽȻȥȻչλսƻƽĵ·ʲڶ﷭ʱƻƽ
¶ϲɫҲһͷҵļƻʵҲѾһ־뿪ˣһϴ򳦹ȼЩԶǹһǧ֦ãѾ̻ŵ÷֣ѧǹҲѣЩ˴ڣһǧ֦ǹܹóˡ
˵ֵƻҪ˳УҪעǳҪһǾǾֵ̫Ҫ̩¾ܹƾ棬ڶ
ӢѾȫͼǺʡ̩Lӵָӹ٣Դ̵غô򲻵ѣȻϣĽָ
΢Цұڶɴľӽңû뵽ɭıȨǣϵòڶﲢԸڴʱֱϣҲܹȫϺز£ڵز¹ЩʱϢҪƽپԵһƽѾ׼ˣ˹ȥȶסġȻ·ٻĵطԽԽãԽԽãȻٴƣ˵Ѿһַѡð޵·ʱ䣬ȵLϱսڶıͻţǳҲޣȫ취Ը
Ӣܼ˵̬ȫгƽˮǴƽһСһ㣬Ѿﵽˡ̩ɽǰ治ɫ֮Ҳһ£ֵʣ㻹һйȥ
ԥĵȥȻҪȥ·ѾҹϹʮ֮ھܹãʮܹȫס̩·Ҳ
ӢܶʱһЦ̩뷢ƣͲ˽ܹŪЩȥͨ·ǲеģһ·ãҪǲڶġ
ʱֵѾˣңL޿ɣҪڶϽֻLǴϱ˫˭ʤǲӦģ̾ôļ򵥣ҲҪܳʱ䡣֮ܶѾּʶΪ̫ӣΪگңȫзǾңδϣ֪ǣҪԼҵҵҲҪǿʤһҪңǧҸΪأңõķչΪأмǣмǡ
ӢʼԼˣԼͬĵͷȻ˭Ҳû˵һ仰֮ԣѾС
˵ԸҲ¶ο֮ɫ޾ͻӦڶʱңΪңʡʡʶ޾
ˣæʣôУôܹʡ
ҡҡͷŶӣʶʡҲܶȥһЩ飬˶þͻ뿪¾Ҫˡ
˵ִȰʵͷʶսѾ࣬Ҳ֪λ䣬ʵͳˣȥһֱ㵱ӣΣգûĥ£ܶҲһЩһֻӥĸԶػ簮Ҳʧȥı죬Ǹ޷ɰʱˣҲúܺõأֻҪע㣬һ̩Щ˲ĵڶ̰ǲɫֻҪܹǵܹǡڶȻҪίߣҲ̫ӣ̩̫ΪΪΪľȻװԶʤǣˣܹսʤǣȴ룬̩ģҲηģټڱƻǵĵطܶ࣬еĹϵ΢Ҫѧáʹң档
Ÿ֮ԣ϶ʱֳѪսǳʱXX֮ɫƴǣ˵ͷʣģһõġ
΢΢һЦʶϵò̩ôԸڶɱӦڶԻƽò㡣£Ȼޱ֮ŪһʱôҪL¡
Ӣܵʣ̩׼ô˵
̩Ѿ֪й޾˵ڶͳЧҡ޵̫࣬ѹòʡ֮λʶйһЩҵҪȥֻҪٶһЩһЩɫϳˡֶĹ¥ŮӸ̩Ǿʲôأ˵ֻҪ̹ˮȥ֮Ի뿪LƶĹҡ
ӢҲ֪û˵һ£ʣСأлʺǡǲһߣĿǰңʵΣˡ
Ȼ΢΢˱ۣһ֪̾ңҲܳʱ䲻ƽûʺС뿪ãңһִޣޣ޾ǣ޵һʱ뿪ңʿܵش޸еʧޱȡ˾ൽҵޣǷ˽ʥگܹԴʥذմҸĻ޻ֻһݺѧҲԶԶֻܿ˿ĵȡЦԼȻ޵һңҲӦýһ׸ңŶԵʥ棬Ե˾ة࣬Եңذգر˾ة࣬ЩһѮҪ޳޵һ٣оʹѽ޵ļ˭Ϊң⵽⣬ҲֻԹְɷ븸ףˡ
ʱѾѪڣѾʪˣʣһֱĸΪٻѾܵùˣңİµʱˡ
Ŷӵ˵ͷܾǰһֱңĿеԴֻ֪Լһ룬ңǲԶģӦøϣҲӦִƼһУܱʵңԴȫ飬Ǿûб죬˽ʥ棬˾ة࣬ҲңǧգĿǰΨһ룬Ҳȥʵ
ʺȻһס׵ֵʣҲһ롣
ʱ˵ֶһֻ֣ȴӢܵģֻʣȥһֱ֪ԼΪʲôţӦʲô£ˣ룬Ҳҵġ
ʣӢܣȻЦЦг˺飬һѮӣӢҲǽֽգĳȣһʱ伤ѽ
ֻվĴֹòŷֿʱ˭Ҳû˵һöѾֲ˵Уڵȴѿɳ
һӢܲŵʣĸܿ㻹ųȥ𣿡
˵ͷԿڶ￹ľҪĽǮңĻƽҪΪպչáȶϼŵǮھ̣ܹңңйȻ߶ӣȻⲻйдĻˣǻȣڶ̫ݣйǲȫԹ۵ġйĿǰĵλڶﶨȻǡƷӰȻδйϻһЩӰ죬ȥˣ֮ͬġңķǳҪܿ˺Ӳãûȫָȥޱ׼صйأְȻѾĸһǰһҲţϲº쵼ܿȥңǽҲһܹõһЩ֧֣ڼһۣģֻ𣬶ʮ˲ڹʵĴ֯ʮ֯кܸߵصλȥЩ֯һ£ҲȥңĹעǾǣȻӴ뿴ˡҲҪȥġ
ѾźˣӢû˵ʲôҲǳ뽫Ӣܼŵвó֧ңֻĸ׺ѴӦԼʵûаܹ˵
˽İţӾⷿЪϢӢܵԱߵһ䷿ڴϣ˼ңδȴǾþԳߣʸҲࡣ
˵ڶ죬ֱ̩𴲣ޱȣ̩Ӧ츮У̩Ȼȥңʡ¾һڴӦŰͺɽһõһ뼰ùǧˣסʥһֳڳͨǵ½㽨һС͵ĸۿڣԼУǧ˼ʮװ׳ʮ̹ˣȼϣǰңʡʡᡣ
ù緹ûãһ˾׼̩뵽ǣȥ֪Ǿǣغʵһ佢Lˡ
ӢܶĽֳ̩ǣΪңһ󻼣ȴȻôߣжǷǿʲôѾеᵽ˴ΣգԲ͵͵ĿˣɵðĽƻ̩ȴǺһ˵Ҫڶͳ˲ù͵ļһǾˡ
һаźã̩ͬһװ׳ɳһLٶһЩֻҪٶһЩûٵѡ
ѾȴʥǣӢܾźȣһСңʿǰ濪·Ѿδ³ȥʱҪ·ŻɽȣΪңһ·֮ϣȾȥһͬҶӣᡣ
ûþ͵򳦹ȣڵľʯѾˣﲼõؾʵֻһСĲӣʣµĻʮˣ̩˼ʶûߣ򳦹ȵɭһٶ·ϣȫ಻Ӫ룬ӵʿ۸ߺ꣬ɽһ㡣
̩ȻҲ˵ңʡ֮еһЩ龰ЩʿҪĵΣûвɫģԼӸ޷ռңʡʱͶ˼
һ·УɷأӰصݽ̩˼ңʡĹ뷱Լ;ӵ֮£͸ˣ̩Ѿ˵Ըĵһʡְ֮ȰȻǼȴֻգд˷ȥͺɽͨ佢ȥתڶ֮ʳʡһְ֮¸ڶжĺȻǳޣ˵ңʡǰڵһƽѾõı֤ʮ֮ھܹ˵L
֮һ˾͵Ӧ츮ȻӦ츮İնLӵװ׳̹ԼȫװǺ棬϶ûʲôη֮ɫҲǲͣĺ̩꣬Լ¾ңҲǸеη壬⽫ųϵľ֯˸ᣬ̳ͣȽͺΪҪңˣȱ˵ңǰˮʳͶ¶ҩԼˣȫˡ
̩Ӧ츮һӪһжңõģ࣬ٳʿõѾȻһ£ԸרŵźųԺöȣ̩ˣҲ⡣
ȽLľӰִ̩ɽ˻ʹټ˸λ󳼣ڶͳҪңΪңʡԼѾѡʡ˵һ顣
ϵĶЩϳ͵õ⣬ڴ֮ϵͳ˶ʾڶҪսпʴǵģҲзģ֮ҳһţֳһš
̩ɾվԱߣ˶֪ҪԼǧӵǰԮңذΧ֮£ʵΣ֮Լ˵˻ʹ֮УǲѷɣɵöηɫͣĿ
ȻҪʰ棬Ȱ˵ڳǣҪνұԼѾ˭ҪǷԣ̹˿ƣ־̬ǿӲĻ˼ѧʷ׿ȻȥͶΣڳŰ
ʱ̩վʽңΪңʡһʡ
̩ڳȺ鼤ƻԼķ֮·οڳұ֤Լ½ؾͣңʡľƽദȥķϰߡ
ȵһ׵ߵԪ¹̩еξϵľظ裬һÿ˳ƽ⣬һѡ¥Ůӣ̩Ǽӱ裬ǧʿҲʹͣЩٵ⣬ʴȶ


 362 »֮ҹ1
ɢ֮ӢܴǱԼȥ߽ͼմŶҴææӭ˳ɫǽ²ḡӾЩӵľĵѾԭˡ
һӢܣԴ磬˵ʽңΪLңʡöʲôʡǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷôһ£
նʱҧӣɺޣɺޣңľӾĴ򲻹˼ôңǸഴµģѵҪˣ
Ӣ֪е¸Ů붡ҪԼȥˣҲûǵıҪҵūҲ߷߲Լն˵ǵ˵
յ˵ͷ붡С¥ȥӢܼͣƳԼƺտӶ𣿡
ǹУ΢΢׵ȫˣԴ磬ллĹġ
ʱȴתͷã㶼޸ˣôôұ游ʣԴĻ°ˣû뵽Ĵ¡
ɫʱһ죬ҲǰլʺЩûв̵ġҪǱҪңҲӦ
Ӣһʱû˵ȵС¥˶¥Լյ޷ڷеԲáͽļƻԭԭ˵һ飬֮󡣱һҾ֪ʾôųأֻôҲʵ̫ίʡ̫˱ˡ
ӢҡҡͷնûмʶȻңľL֮ǰĲģ㸸֮٣ҲĿǰΨһѡ񡣵㵽磬ܿͻ׵ء
յȻɷĻ;˾ӣߣLľӸ˼죬ȸرҪǵغÿԴ磬ûи˵ʲôʱߣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˵ˣᳬʮ졣
նʱðԽԽã治֪ܹ︸ʲôæʲôء
ˣӣ˶ȴû³
ƳˣЦãԴ粻ȥǲǣĺˣԴӦҪһȥģʲôʱԴ˵㻰ˡ
ϽԴ磬ԴǴƭ˵ء
ӢܺȻһЦ仰Ӧô˵ԴǾƭ˵ģƭˣЩĲˣԴҲʲô¶ܹ
ҲЦƵԶԣԻҲ˵ѣǾһصصĴɵϣԴɲˣһҪŸʴǸɶڶøʻңĻʵۡ
ɷܿ϶ĵ˵ͷ̲סĴַԼ۵ϣ뵽ڲ࣬Ҳǲ˼Դ磬ãҸһ¡
Ӣܵնʲô£
Ҳս㣬˵ɡ
һЦȻ˵£ԴȻѾóȥûһֿɲɣͳ⼸콫°ˣպһҲһЩֻЩִ٣»ί㡣
ӢܶԶ˳ŵѾһأ֪ãһͷУ죬ڳȥ֮ǰס
պȻһЦ죬˼ûû˵ԸŮӵ£ִ̫˿ɲɣ˭Ҫ˵веġ
ܹӢܳףԸóίίһߵñϼµһĵһжƾսûûʲôίġ
նʱЦãˣ֮ڣҾѡһӸǳףǾɺýˡ
һ˵ţߵЩֽ޴룬ֵãߣʱ㻹һ˾ͺ
˵һӣȥͣҹ֮ʱ㹲ͬˮ֮ϣӢʯϣԴ磬Щ̫ˣúõţҺøݡ
һ˵ţһ߾ͷ̨֮󣬵˵㵯ݺ
ʱóһŲӯ̡
Ӣ֪Ů֮ǰȻźԼ轣ֲ
ĬĬĿŮˣ¹ӳ֮£ȴ޸߹ɴǾޱţһʱл֮顣桢Ҷٻѩáȱ˭ΪԶ֮ʹᣬĸоȴŮ֮Юһ֮ǲһеȴģֿףذ
ȵϣҪӢ̶ܽ裬ԼҲԱָָ㣬ȻҪ޸Ӣˣ§ӣҲ¹ײӶ÷̣һ˫ǲӢܶӣշֶԼȥߣкһԹȴ˿ûȡЦ֮ɫ
һֱҹ˲Ż¥ޡ
ӢܱһͬϴԡնȻһЦȴŶһȥˣҲֻա
ȵŮϴգԼķȥˣкˮӢǰȥ
Ӣܻص䣬ϵô齣ȴһɴԼƺѾ˯ˣӢŵϴ㣬Ȼ᲻ôظϺȻԼҲҪ˯ʱȴյ΢΢ӹһ˿Цݣʱװ˯նô˯ˣұ㽲ЦģЦңһûģֻˣϧϧ
һ˵ţһ߾ȥȻȴ͵һſϣʲôЦңûԴ磬˵
Ӣܾ֪̲סԼȴǷˣˣҲˣû¡
ȴšĶУ˯˼ҵȤ˯ˣЦҲ˯
Ӣҡͷ˭ղ˯ô죬ҲȾˣʵڲ뽲ˣǡ
ոϽʲô
ӢܵӦһ
յʲô
Ӣܴضߵúõźҡ
Ȼ˵ġźʲô˼ѩ׵ʱ͸ߺ֮ɫȻҲɷɷģղװ˯ҲɷԼһЩȤʱһתҧҧӣãӦʹӦҪ֤ЦûҪҷЦ
Ӣܵû⡣
ձֱӣɴ۾˵
ӢҲ֬˫ԼУСͰͬͬѧСѧУŮӣһ޶ۣ˵һֱ͵͵İС꣬λıԼҲʼղСע⡣һѧУ֯ΣӵУȿֺļС߶ˮ裬ֻԼûжֻ֣Աֱ֡ʳԵ̫࣬Сĳ⣬ڱﲻסһƨȻ䣬վԱߵļ״˵Բ𣬸ղҷŵƨ
СϸмĿ˼һۡһʱڲһᣬСַһƨվԱߵϴ˵Բ𣡡
Сߵһۡܵɲʱ˴ƿӣԼ̫ãʱСͻȻһƨһʱ̫ļںˣԲԺλСƨȫҵģ
ձһֱǿסЦҲﲻסˡ조߲ꡱһЦЩϢŵܡ
Ӣ̾һǰܵȷúܣֻϧС겻
նʱ˹ЦشӢܵԴ硣ڷװ˯㣬ǲǣ
Ӣܹװźܾĵôղװ˯ҿûƳ
ʡʧڡǷ̡һӢܵǰԴ磬㡭۸ҡ
ӢܱӹЦնô۸ˣ⻰ǧܴʶȥǳﲻ𡣡
˵⻰ֽ촽յյĶϵնЦûɣղſҲЦˡ
оطһ󣬺Ȼ̧ͷȫᣬû˵ȴƬ̼¶˽ʵ׳ؼȻͷ˳ؼȥǹ˸꣬Ӣܵ崦ȥ˵׿㣬ǲȻ֮ԥһӣȻЩ׾רעû˿֮ɫ
Ӣܸӵף֮£ȴԼظомӿĽԼϣѹ棬⿪ĶǶ㣬¶һѩ覵壬ȴѱȳɻ֮ͦһЩԳС˵ķϣϲסȻ۵Ʒ˱˫ۻĽߡ
մʱ΢΢ţȴȥЩɬܣְɷĺ󾱣ĸ
֮ʱѾһƬ΢ͣһȫӢܵ˶ң㣬ӵţڣ
ȵɢӢȻӵŷֿҲƣˣӢܵĻУֱۣһͳ˯ȥ
***********************************************************˵ڶ죬նԾͽ˹˵ӢҪɶΪ檵£ʵ˵˶ӢܹϵǳΣҲһ崿۰ĺùοʦڷ֣֮ҲǿȻŮѾͬ⣬ȻҲֹֻǷԸĿǰǷǳʱڣ֮²̫ֻСΧھлˡ
ջȥ֮Ӣ붡ķԸû볯еһڴ󳼣֪̩ͨɽ֮⣬ֻոӢܵɡƽǰ뽫췢⻹źѡ
򱾾ߣԸ̫ӣҲüίԼЩⲻȥҪ塢ѩֽμӣӢܾԼȴӵֽδЩףܣա̩½Щ˶ɣҪңŮǽӴȻ֪ͨο̩Ѿõĳŵʮڻ͵һƽ𵽺ߣЩ챻Щ¥ŮӴԻ֪ȫûңЩʲô¡
֮Ӣ붡ͰóףĴˡֻпװ֮ȴ׺СȻҲûμӡ
򵥶ֵľУ֮󣬶վ˾ơӢܽ˶·ڶסķ
Ѿʹȥ¥±ǵĻЦĴӢܱϵźس˶ĸͷ˳صķڡ
ǽŮ泯졣ϲ軭֮ɫɡʱĴˣȴ㷢īбɰӣ֮ϻһƻ𻷣˫׹һöӨ͸ı飬ü죬ӣӡýޣȲգҲ࣬糯ϼ纣ģӣӨɫƽʱȴ˼ֽ
ӢźߵͷĶ뵽ںݳʶ֮뵽̩ɽԼ֮飬Ůʶʱʮ꣬ͱᲢ˶٣ȴһֱĨ֮ȥһŮԵᣬҲңͳŮҪԵöһЩ֮Լظоȴ᲻һʼһ˶Ů˵ʶϲԴӶֶ֮˼۱ɱǶ˼ΣŮѾΪԼӵŮˣܾջԵߵһ룬עѾ޷ΪһרһˣǣԼŮ޶ȵصõҸ
Ӣʱ˶ߣ֣𣿡
򻺻̧ͷȫϲ֮ɫ΢΢ҡҡͷۡ
Ӣ糿æڣ㴩ô࣬Ҫױô᲻أɵϣѾǷˣһҪԼʵ뷨Դ磬֪֪
⻰һЦܿȦһ죬Ȼͷһʱ滨꣬ɷǶˡ
Ӣ뵽ʲôˣֻǣ֣š
Ŀһ󣬺Ȼ̧ͷԴ磬ᣬҡҲǲģ̫ˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ㲻ý͵ģ֪֪ʦǲǣ
ͷšһʦÿȴҸ
۱ԼİɱȴóԸʦͽļȻ֮Ӣõĸܣ򣬲ҪޣʦҲЦġ
͵ץסӢֵܵԴ磬˵ʦμҵĻûУǲǾĳһ䡣
ӢҪο򣬱ǰȻһ䣬壬һ֣֪Ŀģղףˡ
ᣬͷһǣһǣҸղžһֱʦߵġ
ӢϵˮˣȻǰԶĻţͲҪˣǲ˵ġ


 363 »֮ҹ2
Ŭס飬ӻͳ˺ɫľԼϵۣӢܣЩ˼ĵԴ磬»֮ҹӵĿǲǺܲ
ӢҡҡͷһЦ⼪ҲҸһ˲죬Щ»֮ҹûδؾкõĽ֡
Ҳǣ΢ЦǸɵѾͷԴ磬᲻ᷳҡ
Ӣܾϲֺ̬֮΢΢һͷᣬȻܷȢɵѾͷţ˭᲻
һ㶣֪ӢڹⶺԼȻһЦ㷳Ҳû취Ҽ޸㣬ˣңҲ뿪ģⱲǲ
Ӣָܼ̬֮㽫˫Լǰ˵һ᲻ô㡣
ȵһβٻرܣǻܿ϶ĵᣬԴ磬֪ҰҵģһˣʦףҲ޴˵ġ
һȫԼģӢҲ˵ǽͷĿ˹ȥ
ȻɵѾͷ֪ҪʲôԼİˣѾΪԼɷ򣬻ʲôܸأ±㻺ıԼһ̬ӣҲΪţ΢΢⶯ţ˽봦ӵջ
ӢܽӵԼػ
촽ӡӣϣܿݣʼǣ˳ĵֺܱ׾ĻӦţ֡
ãӢѾ˴ϣȥЬ࣬ԼĻҲȥˣĸ⿪˴ֻۡʣ˺ɫضǶ㣬ûκεƾܡֻǽԼͷƫһߣֻ̡һĺҪ
оӢܰԼĶǶѵȴԼϵһطظĦţԼ֮ȻѾ˰̣һ÷غۣԶҲ޷ˡ
ʱ̲סӢܵԴ磬ǡǶǲǺѿ
Ӣҡҡͷ෴ܺÿϲ
һ˵ţһ߾ͷͷȥǺǡ
Ǻ۾ڶ߽ϲ࣬ôһǣʱսָеɷ촽ƶԼе⣬ǲ
Ӣֿܷ˶˫ȣеʶƴнŮˣӢǺ˽ģĵһ󣬵ȵʼϢҲڲ֪ķˣĽ룬Ѿǳᣬ˶˺ѰʹöӣҧסָҲʶӢܵļ米֮
Ӣ֪Ů˳޷õеģ붡̫ʹֻ࣬ǻĽխܿһйע
ӴȡѾմ˶һӢۣܿ͵¡
Ӣܼˣȴһִ֪̾ʶ֪ÿӶģ񶡺ĽŮӣпԼˣϵ֪֮ٻٺŮӵڣǱɷ¼ңȷӦñ仯ˣһӹ죬һֻ֮ҲҪ֮ңԣҲӦٵ¡
һӢû붡򽻺ϣ뽫ڻУｻ̸˽⵽ɷĹȥ˽⵽Ĺ¶ΣգͣĽͷǰĦֻɷȻǿʵҲһ˶
***********************************************************ת֮䣬ֹȥգѾ˽һƽ𹲼ʮ˵˺̲ŵһ֮һȥȴ˷Ըһ֮Ҫϵĵ·ƻ֮϶þáڶöԸ̩˵İ취ǡ
ʱҲ̩Э飬˵һ·ȥԼڵĹ˾Ů˴Ĳ̩ԼңָȨҪˮ̣вӦģȥʲô˵Ҫ
һжѾ׼ãһҹžǡһۡлơܿշƷƣӢҲ붡ɽ֮ܳǰЩδңҪּھۻʺ쵤˿˼ܣ¹֮ˡ
ټиڣǲõġ
һȫǳӢȴȴߣʱָˡ
ҹС֮磬͵ɽǰĴɽӢһ뽫ȴɽ֮УȹȵҰ˻ǳ浱׳̬֮ȻҲǻ죬ҪӢֿܷͣĥţҵ뿪Ҳһֱڹ⣬ֱӢ֡ŻعȡӢܵ鲢û̫ĲᣬһɡһᾭġҲӦʱԼȥʱ˺顣ûпǵ̫࣬ҵǺпսлţûгΪ֮ʹ
ɽȳ͹ɽ壬ûþ͵£ľӣȴһѾһƬæµľ棬ǧ棬ȥЩѾˣȡ֮һƬƽ̹ĿյأѾһϵͨǼľһӦһ޴ػ֡⻹ĹڴŸ߼ܣͨ߶׮ӦǻҪƶͨ
Ӣ֮ܵͨ£ܶҴԶһЩ𣬲ֻʱأҴĵѧ¿̽ңȫΣҳʺϵصطҪôҪôɴըҩըƽң׵ͨ
Ӣܵʣ㽫й˽𣿡
ҡҡͷйˣҶйض߷ǳ˽⣬ǲԸĸģLıˣԸڿʵй˾ǳ鷳ɽй⣬SSL֮ϵֵ÷ǳȫһοôھҲѾͨеĹؽڣκġ
˵ֵˣܶ㲻ҪҸʣֱӽҰְֺˣңɹ⴫ͳĻȨƶҲӦ÷ϳˣʱýʲôƶȣҪѰ˼
˵ŻȴһĽʵ꽫Ҵҵ˹ͷϣѾ׼ˣʱȥ
˵ͷνúܺãô̵ʱ½ʵˡ
Ǻνæĩ칦ⶼڹʦĹͣһоཨ֮Ŵ˹ڡ
ӹһ΢ЦͷãҵĹ޻з͵ģҪȥˣ췢ź˿
νϽӦǣ㵽֮£׳ʿҡһֱ۵֮󣬹һȴֶڻӦ
ˣã׼ܶǿȥˡ
һ˵ţһкŷһ۵ȣһˣȫǼ׵ľܣľϹĸִװֺɱһʧ
ȵνٴҡԱߵľ죬ľѾ𣬷һ۵˶й˵飬ʲô֮ˣȻҲҪЩֻգľʮ׸ߵʱ򣬾ѾûʧɫӢܵĻӢ֪£һıһ˵
˺һľܲϣֻѾȻһ޴֣ʮΧȴǵڹвĴڸ֣ҲӪʣ׼
Ӣܱ߳ľܣֵָ֣ôصµһװɡ
õطԸһκһֻ֣֡һ˵ĸожİ뵽ȴԼףĸסҪʳأ̫̫֪Լĸˡ
ӢܵһƺʵڱȡʡȻеöࡣ뵽Ӣܵ졣ŮҲȷԼ֮¶ȰЦ˵ͷܶĻҪһ֮ãʮ֮ɣⶼǵةģǰֻǽǲ˾Ͳϣֻ¶Ҫ鷳һЩ
˵ŻһڴڸֶȫμӢܶʱԪʥ֡ɽ𵶡ȺǹҲ棬֪ԼЩ֣ңѾǾ͵͵һҲûʲôϵˡ
ȵɢȥӢ֣ܵңڶﻹϢ˵Խ֪Խá
һָָԼǰһʯϵص֪Ϣͻϵңˣ⼸ģֻǼֻȥˡ
ӢܼǴʯдȴǡ֮вԽңʹ˶أĪΥǣǡ
Ȼһ̾һ벻һ벻һᵽ治֪ô˵𡣡
ļܶʵҶвԣпԭȥ˵ɣ㣬Ҳԭء
Ӣܶʱϲ֣ܰҸ˵ǵȻò
΢΢һЦܹദҲҵԸСڵĵᣬͰְֵˡ
վӢܵĻУʱ£Ѿָ˳̬ɷ븸׵ĶԻʱңҲ͵ģԴӦҲֻ࣬ġ
һ˵һߵǾʯ֮ԣ˿ָдģʣ
նôֽиˣǸ˵𣬴ӴԺҪаְ֡
ͷô꣬һʱĲ
ʱߵӢߵԴ磬ָҲдһддǰְд
Ӣ΢΢һЦȻǰְдЩ
ȴҡҡͷܶͲùǫˣȥ԰ɣҿʲôĵز
Ӣ뵽¼Ǵʯϵԣָʱе𺧣Լ书ͻͽѪҲԼУҲһȣ㵽Ǵʯԣʳָŵһдˡ֮⼸֡
Ӣд꣬ձһֵã֤ˣ˭
һ˹ȥϸıȽһ˵ָӡȴӢܵƺһЩԴĺͻϲࡣ
˵⻰ȴȥУʼԼľô˵Ƿ﹫ɷõİеܹⲻȥ
ЩҲ˶Լľηڶ֪ˣҲ崿ŮӣȻѾն˽ã͸նܶһһְ֣ɣ֪ԸԸ⣿
˵Ļ԰ĴȰ˵εģҲİģҶԷôһ߸ϣޱˣɫеºͣۿʱһʪ󣬸ϽͷԸ⣬Ըġ
΢Ц㻹ºҡ
ٶһ£ȻЩӵĵְ֡֡
˸ͷŮסҾİְˣʲô£ʲôίҪ˵òá
ĻһִûеĸоӿУֲҲ̲סˣ˵Ļŵְְ֡֡
һߴӦţһıȻû˵ȴһĸο
ӢĬĬһУҲǲڣ书ǻۣŶ٣Ȼž־ȴԶԷ͸˸վг壬вʧʴȣ˲òȥһˣҲڳЧˣܹһְ֡ԼĽֻϣԼײҪ̫ࡣ
ǡһۡлơܿշƷ֪ңһǰδеΣɷΪ˸õģһʱѪҲòУжһֱܳȻ˵龰жɷʴȶĽԺ
һ󣬻ǻܿЦŵŮʲô˵ڿҪɽˣߵʱʮһ꣬ڶʮĴˣ治֪ʲôӣʵ
лҲǰ治֪ܶңȻʧ꣬һżҪɽȥ֪ͨǡ
һûշƷĺңҲǣԼյŮ㣬Ҳϡ
ߵ˶ԣҲĸ˸ͷúӣޣ㲻аְ֣ô裬Ƕչ˹ġ
˵ͷ˼뿪ĻߵӢߣӢ¿ȫܹʱ飬֣ȻԼĻС


 364 صй
˲ͬУжʱ׹ɵñĸоܿˣվԱߺЦţһΣյ֣ս㣬ԲҷԴİڰְְ֡Ҳôãҡ
ա߲ꡱһЦãͱ𲻺˼ˣ㲻һһжô
ĵ˵ͷ֪ˣãĺܺá
ʱֶӢĵĵԴ磬øղŸ˰ְӣû˵ʵʵдֺȰְҪһЩ
ӢЦҡҡͷ˭˭ǳ书˭˭ͣⲻҪҪҪѧְΪˡ
һЦҲôѧʵѾͰְֲˣã˵ǲǣ
Ҳܿ϶ĵһͷ
˵Żȴɽʮڸǰ濪·һ㶣ž׹ңѾҲҪİ֣ЩڸͶʮң׷꣬ʵϳɣֻҪӦĻЩ˵֣ܹϴæġ
һ˱㿪ʼɽЩڸֿ·ټӢܽǾ֣żŮӣҲѡ
ۿһθȡһƿ浹Щҩ裬ôҶ¡
Ӣ뵽Լٶ֣Ҫƾܣ붡κεΣաһۣһ˵ӢҲֻ÷ˡ
ڰɽɭסһڶ̫֮ʱ㵽С⣬׼ȡһó˫ƤЬȺӢܻϣһ۵ȶ·ңһطȥϡȵ˳ʱһʱŮɡմŰɫзɫţп㡣һ˫µ˶Ьһ׵ɫȹһ˫ǳɫƤЬȴֱǻܿлƵ·ƤЬѾظ߸ˣֻδţЩӦ
ңĲϲһû׼ɽڵʮһڸֵ¿ЬӣͿǺˣӢܽڣװһƤЬ·Ь˴󲿷֣ڵϰ循ϲÿ˿ȥЩڸָѡϣȻжвģҲ̫עˡ
һŪã˸Ϣһ󣬾͵ϣһСȥС˴ʱѾˣеƹ͸Ǿĵģż˿ôһȺˣҲ¶˾Ŀ⡣
붡˵صȻĪڵˣֻôССһյңյ͵ƵȣһЩеչƸ磬е˼飬ɽȴڸȻҲ࣬Ҷţû˶ʲô
ʱһ˹һ䣬ߵһյϣȴǸͣͣͰʿʻ̨زŵسǵӪ·ơ
ȻӢܶ˵⳵ӵģǺĴĦ
ǾڳվһԼȴӢߵͣҲһŵƵ⣬ãţš
ȴдһܲͷ˭ôˣҪ˳糿
û˵ãžͿˣ¶һĸݣʮͺӣһȺվţһ㶣žϵ־ϲʧĽϡϰ壬㣬ĻţҾ֪Ҿ֪Ĵᱣģڿˡ
ļţ㵽Щˡ
æҡͷȻֲ˼ͷЦ࣬ϰ壬һ£ȢˣȻɽˣûʲôĻСʮ꣬Ҳܸɣȫҹš
һ˵ţһ߳ȥйˣҸ˵ľˣҵϰһӿûĴ
ȥţЦŶӢţʮǰҵСʱģʱԴ˶ˣڽûҰ͵سǵҽԺȻģ֪СǸ⵰ʵûʲôգŶȢϣò׽Ǯ˸Сȴ˰ѻƭˣΪ˻ǮͽˣԼ˵ɲҼ˵ҲʵּСϻûй̶վ
ÿγܲ㣬ͶһͷһأԼѧῪӪһΡĳӷǺǣXXȢϱˡ
ӢһЦ㣬벻ȢϱҲС
ʱЦܶס㲻ܰﵽȫˣ԰ԼˡʵҲһܡһø㷽ѧæҵࡣ
Ӣһҡͷ⵹һ֣ҪûҵǮˡ
һЦǵ˵ͷǰʵģûҵûǮǻĴȱ֮Ҳûοˣ䲻ʵء
˵ŻȴŴһʮŮ˳Ű
ǰӢҲЦкóǸŮˣرЩƮˣӢܼ״аЦԼȻѮʮνʮһ仨ȷɼ˱ȵϣĸ˵ȷ
Ǹ˶ԼᵶᰮŷԸȥҼֻѼ׼ϯæֹסֻţҵĳڲڣ
æͷڣڣÿһʱҶᱣأͷڳ
ãȥ򿪳⣬ѳҪˣһˣҪһʱŻ
ѾͣվŵˣҲ֪ģϰȻʣϽúãԼһһһӵرڿڵϱȥˣԶͽ
һ˵ţһͳֻͨ绰ȻԱһķȥ
Ӣֻܼ֣ҪҪһ绰֪ͨǡ
΢ЦҡҡͷˣǸ·һЩܹaʡ͸һؾϲɡ
Ӣһͷ뵽ԼʱڲԶһСù棬֪ڲڣ͸˵һԼңİǮ복ԿףСùݶȥ
ûʮԶ͵СùݣСùݵĴŻţһȥƵԼĺͣ棬ֻǷ紵ԵЩ¾ˣҲ֪ܲܿ
ҵڿӵĵϰ壬ʱ䲻̫Ӣܸߴ뺷ע⣬ǵϰȻϵæкӢܲ˵˶ǧԪǮȥǳӣȴ̥ûҲ͵ˣĵãмͣò˶þܹãϰƳ
ϰǧԪ൱ʮԪһͣѣС˵ˣϰҲЩӢܻǴӰɽԽȥڽCL㲻ʲôĺڵҵϽ˼׳Ӣշ򣬽ƵŮŮվһأ֪ʲôиֹ£Ҳȥϸæˡ
ʱĳѾ˳ȴһǳͨԽҰȻעõֳãŷһۡлơܿշƷˣԼ붡򣬶ɽһڴڸ־ͳаͳȫ԰ˡ
źܿľ͸ӢܵĺͣŽ˸ɾ
ֹһȴһʮ꣬ǽʵС˽ȴŵıӡ
뵢ʱ䡣˻֣ýɽаͣӢܸԼţسǿȥ
Сʱ֮󣬾͵سǣѾҹسľȻСȫ붡ͷ׵޺ƣ˷ܵüӢҲǽſǰȻŮѾΪԼӡţһʮ꣬һʮͷŮӶѧͣӦԼഺرԵġ
ĳǰ·ȻسѾǳϤźļ㵽һʮ¥ߵı⣬Ӣ֪ҪôϢղŵСù̫࣬ǻûʲôŮȻסġ
ʱûֱӽȥͣ³ߵӢܵسԣȥҪ䣬Ӣ̱ȥˣسǿɱȲСйǳ֪ȣҹȥıʸߣ㲻þͻᱻϳȻңѾûʲôڻҪĵ͵һЩ
СسǵرסʲߣӢԳţܿͶ˷䣬֪붡Ҫ˷ܵ˯ţԼ˵Ͷһ䣬ȴ䷿ڽɽŵˣǶ˼䡣
ȽţصɴܹлĵӣһӢܶ˽ˣ붡ֻСһڴȥһƿسҹһֶŵӿӢ̻ܽңذ壬㲻ͣĻ̨һʱ侹֪ʲôá
Ӣܼ˷ӣȴǸп֣ǽŮӣҲˣΪõ﹫󣬱ʫ飬ͨգ棬һʱҲԵǴɽӣңȷ̫󣬵ȷҲӦӹˣȻֽĲһǿʼʱܲӦҪ˶ãǾͻеҪִֻڶﲻһ˳ģлļѣһѪĲпϴ񣬵̣˭Ҳ޷ֹˡ
붡ŵӣʱûӢʶӢܱڷΨһĴϿڵӱ߽ͷҧ˵ʲôȴǿȫǹ棬رϲױƷ棬ÿһ˸߲ҵһ󣬴ζҪЩеƷһõļʽ
ŶŮȵıӰݺĽӢܴʱȴһȣң¸ʱ붡ǾһԼͬ޵ģֻⷿһŴ
ʱһǷնѾˣ˯ˣ컹Ҫ·ء
붡ԼͬĻعͷҡͷյԴ磬˾˯ҺҪһҺڳ˯
Ӣܾһɷ򣬸ųԽ˵ǻۣ΢һ˼ߵԡңˮˮ£⽫ˮŵá죬Ȼնϴĵطɱң˰ɡ
ôһУ붡Ȼ߽ԡңˮϸ˿£滹һ׵ԡףҲϲյҲģ滹Щˣãһϴ
˵ͷðȥûϴѡ
һ˵ţһ߾ȥЯһյĶǶ㡣
ӢܼˣȻЦ
ʱһߣ˱󣬲
ȴޣЦʲô
Ӣҡҡͷһְ֪ͨߣسЩϵЩϹŶҲûˡ
յʲôϹŶ
ӢָָıڵŮӶڿˣǴĲϹŶʲô
նʱһ£ߣ㿴ôû˵һӼ۾ˣΪʲôôھۻ󣬻̡ǵôûֻĸ˵ҪңӣԲûиѧ
Ӣһ§סնҲԩңҿǴƯƯģôȫִװһһϡ
˵ĵʵձоķɣȻŻܿ·ʮֺ΢װһ£Ҫ˼֮ϢģŮˣҲҪǿ˱֪ҪǶ¶ˡ
տ˺һ棬ʵҲ뵽䣬ɷԼҲ˿˿ģãְ֪֣ͨһЩߡ
ӢܵͷվŶ߽ԡңӢҲ´˽һƣ۵Ҫʲô
ӢһЦǲЩ¶ôʹãһˡ
붡ӢϴԧԡǵԣۿҪͬ˯һѾôɬͬԡæҡͷյУУЩֲжิӣҺûŪģȥϴȡӢһʱΣֻ˳Ů潫ˣһôȻûһһ죬ѾŪ˷֮
ӢڴϿӣŮ￴ýȥԴӺճæھʱ٣붡ǲ»鲻ãңԹۣҪ˶ֻᶫߵæµˣӦöǣҲǿģڵˣһ¶ˣ͵ĳ죬ԽԽϧУҵ밮飬һ˶ȱһɰ


 365 һϷ
붡һϴ壬˲һСʱݹĳ˵ͷϴˣںڵĳٲй£䣬ȴ֮󣬶˶Űɫɴ£ĶǶɼ使εĳˮܽһ㡣
ǷޣŮѾк֮飬Ӣܼѩ˵˶ҲȻĶȻ¿ˮǸĶһ¡
պͶ˴ϣӢһĵȥϴˣߣ
Ӣܷճһ˷ܣͶԼ̬ȥѾЩ仯˼뾴أȴ˼ǣı仯ȴӢܸܺˣԽԼ㣬ԽʾԼΪһˣ֮䣬ҲӦ̫ྴʵδǺ¡
ӢܹһЦ߽ԡңһŻȼգϴٶȻܿ죬ûһʹŶ̿㣬˳ȴ붡ÿһۺɫĽ״ǲ輸Ʒŵıס
ӢܼˣҲһ㶣նʲô
ʱѾǱ״һ״ӢȻһЦս˵򣬰ְִൽңھۻġ
ʱҲΣ˸ᣬвͣš˸߲ҵصǰǰСʱϲˡֵúܣǰôһСҹȥĺһҲ̫Բ
Ӣܼѩʱȴ֪ɰŮˡҲ̲סһƨڴβЦֻһСƺûĹ
붡һϳɵɷ⸶ģʶЩԡշǱ˹ſرϣšĶԴ硣ʵЦʲôҺʲôطôЦ
ӢһҡͷһЦţȻյյĶϣ׵ʹ˵ĸ˵˸ողŴ򿪺ʱȻ֣ң˷֣Լֺö඼ʶҲûע⣬Ӣôһ˵еּһѩʱǺҪγѪȻͣӢܼϴţðô˵ô˵ˣˡ
״æս㣬Դ˵ʲô
ձ㵽ߣȻӢܵػԭԭתһ顣
ջҪߣĻ̱ߵ޵ݣһҲǺϼ޲ⴲϳһԼȥһӾ˵ϣͷţӢܡ
ŮӣӢܵЦˣæɫʵҲûʲôأҵңʱϰһЦȫû˵Ҳá
ҪһЩȻɬѵһͻָ޺޵صȻִһµȻ㲻ãǳ󣬻ȥá
Ӣܱ˹ȥ𶡺ֵԴشˡ
˵ž;֣Լϴһ£Ҫڶ£ȴȥӣҡҡͷʾԼû
ȵһ໥ȴԼͬĴЦӢܵļϣȴ˽Ļ
Ӣֱ񣬱㣬ǴһףȻȥ׶
նɷѾ˽⣬ɫٶѾһҪʲôʱһã˯ˣ˯ߣԴұߣ˯м䡣
ҲܴϻۣȻҪԼƣϽҡֵ˯ߣս㣬˯мòá
ӢȴˣǶϲ˯м䣬ԻҲ˭˯мˡ
ŮҪӣԣӢܲ˵ֱֳۣһһڻȻڴϣǧҪȰˣ֪˯м䲻ôҲֻίίˣ˭Ҫ˯м䣬˵һҿԻġ
Ӣôһ˵ŮȻҷˣܿıҲ˵ӸԲൽһߡ
Ů˵װ˯Ӣ˾飬ʱȥǣ˿ıӣϡȻȥңذ˵ӣȻֹ˵ơ
һϣʱһƬʺڣӢؿ붡ЩصĺжЩԼ˵¶ҲǰЦɻ鲻աʹδ˵ĽҲΣȻȥվͲһˣѾáԱ˴˵ҲϤȫöԷء
ڰ֮УӢܾͽ֫æץסֿڵеùӢܵӢܿƲһƵǰ˶ǶУס缦ͷ顣ָڶ˵ϸϰŪš
պ߼æһ߰ơһȥĴȣӢϵҲץס˫ֶʱã¾ȴֲҽгֻҧӣ΢䣬Ӣܸôһ۾ͲɵҪʱײӢܵ壬ӢܸǲȻ
һӢ½յ˫յʹˣ㽫һɣվæȴͶӢܵĻУӢܽرӣȥȻʶرմһ£оɷĳ뼤飬ټϱһҲЩ鶯΢΢ŴӢܵ̽룬Լȼ˶֮࣬Ӣܺ˱ǣֻǾĿӢܣҲҪע⡣
һǣղҪϢӢܸеǰֹͣˣȴסյһ
֪ɷҪԼźţϽҲҡҡ֣ʾⲻӢȴ⻬Ĵϣȥ㡣
һûЧɷʢĴһ£ȴƾˣȣԼͷ֮¡
ʱù⻬а񱳶Ӣܣ۲ƣӢܾͽȥ˻ûƽϹĦ˺һӢܲŻĽ룬һĽխ֮жʱԣƺҲܲӦֽץסӢë׵Ĵࡣ
һӢܸоյһЩ֪ѾӦһһģĶֻҪյһͻͣ¡
ͣͣЪЪԼĪʮ֮ӢܾѾܹܵʪʼͦÿһЩȴǰϸţսҧűӵһǣԼ֮ǱϢѹֵڼžķȻǵ״ڶţ㱿Ҳܲµڷʲô£ȴһȴƵ棬ֻɬʱҲ޿κˡ
֮ӢܲŽҺעոϽͷóԼ㣬˵Ľ֮ĵĲɾعӣɷǣȻְĴһƨɣӣյӢܵĶϵУһ֪ˣЦҵģȥҲĿġ
Ӣ֪ˮպ˵¾ʹĪ˵磬ˣȴһԥ޵ҲЩʱˣЩ²Ȼö࣬ŲԼգߣʵ֪ܲȥ᲻᲻ˡ
ѾµӢʲôҧĶԴ磬ġõ˼᲻˵أֻǲ֪㡭㻹ܲܡ
Ӣ᲻֪Ļʲô˼һ˶ĻУҲǺʤӢҲ⣬׵ãҾơ
һ˵šһ߾򶡺ȥִļʱԵ𣬵ûлع˵
Ӣܲ붡̫߶ģ̽ԵȥѾҪǶ̫ƾܣͲнһĶ
Ȼֱס˶ֻǷ̡΢΢Ĳţȴûʲôܵľٶ
Ӣܵڶϸ֫ϸһȻȥѾ顣ʱ򶡺ȻסȴûʲôɼҲԥ
ķӦӢܱ֪˵أ᲻ˣѾĽ֮ϣ鷿ҪСЩҲ˵ԣȴҪУӢܵػвԽԽ
ȵӢڶưͼȥ㣬ʱҲѾָ֮ողŵʽҪ룬֪ܣ֮ƣ֮δܹ㡣
ʱȴеԼƨƣҪʽзͷ˶ϣ˫һ֣Ѿ룬ֻʪ֮Ѿǰб֪ӸղջῪʼѾ鶯˺ܺõ׼»ȻȻȻխУҲûиеʹĳ鶯
зʱȴҪһЩȵӢ붡ɢգҲ̲סߵĵƣʹĴӢһµóˡ
һ˵ţһȴѾóһ׼õ˿ݸ
ʵղӢ˵ʱ򣬶ѾԼӢܻᣬԼȻΪ飬մɷȢԼԼ֮ʱִչˣǸмޱȣʲô¶Ը⣬߸ղ˽ʱҲбܵķӦȻߣȴûоܾյ˿ʱԼ΢Цŵ˵ͷû˿ȡЦ˼ҲһЦȻҧҧӣͺȻȥΪӢܲԣȻԼ
ȼ򵥵Ū꣬˱һȥԡӢѩӣҡβȴСֵϰ޽ӵһ¡
ϴӢܿ˿ĹӣѾĵˣռڴϣʱѾ˯ţӢܱһ߱һ˶ڻ̸ٽһЩ顣нţȴΪԼеˣ붡ԼӣǲôԼģֻˣȻҲⲻ޸ΪһˣеĿʵЩǲƽģԼֻоҸܻرİķס
һӻֺڴͷϵıȻɷܹڷ޵ĻѾԽԽȻˣԴ磬һơ
ʼҪЩֻǺЦ
Ӣܱ˺յУԼ壬ִָȥ
տ˿еĵҡҡͷһĵԴ磬Ҳϲ
ӢԼ̲סһ죬æҡû˼ֻѵҪӲ𣬸ôôһ٣Դ磬˵Ҫ˹ͬĺӣǻжãã˵ǲǣ
뷨ҲǶԵ˵ͷǰ˭ԼġɷкӣֶҲûʲôá
˵ʵ붡һʮͷһʮţȻңȫԳΪĸˣִﻹǵѧͣӢܷǳǶһָӦеһЩԣԸôͻϺӣĿǰ˵ҲֻԵˡ
ʱѾһǿƯŮҶٻеҶٻ桢աĺӣܱ˴˵ĸԽԽãҶٻȴԶŶֵĵλ֮ʱҶٻҪһǵĺӣ治֪Ǹ治ڣͿ֪ˣõԼȻҶٻǰ¶ľϲ֮״
Ӣȡ±ףȻһµˣ㵹Ǹˣ˵ɲɡ
ҲϽͷǰ׵ʱҴ˵˵˵һξҪ൱ʮѪǲ̫ķѵġ
һô£ǸղšղԴɡɲ٣ô˵
ǹôҸ˵ĻңҲ͵͵ҵģԴңӢۣŪӡ
æҰղҲԴˣɣҪŪЩƷԴ
ӢŮ˵Ļ̲סЦˣˣնЩ֪ʶǽ֪ģ֮ǷģԴľõúܣղһҲģЩѧ˵
հŰɵѧʮüˣĸӣ޹ˣḻúܰԴ磬Ҫֻ˵̰Ūӣ˭չǣҲܣ²ΪҲˣûУҾʹš䡣
˵ӢܵĶҡҡ
ӢȻóѧ֤֪Ҳ޷̫࣬ҲһҸУǰ˻ŮˣжôǿĵĹԼǲ¡


 366 Ҹ·
XX̸һӻѾʾ룬Ѿ쵽ʱˣ彿Ҳס˵˵ŻӢܵĻ˯ȥ˸ȬӢܻãҲЩƣ룬Ӣǿ˵˼仰Ҳ˯ˡ
ӢΪλ˯Щ˴ǸǺñӣȻԱߵĵɳϢľǳʱһսҲܰϺü죬һϢȫûʲôġ
ɫˣߵңĵ绰һӢܾͳȥ˵绰붡򶼲˯ûãɲܾǡ
绰õ˶ߣ洫ܶûУ׼ˡ
պͶسǣӢȻҪǸˣҵȷҲҪĶ֣նسЩرĶܲͣ죿
Ĭһƺ˼ʲôһܶ㿪ٶô
Ӣܵ㲻ɡ
ֵǺãնس䣬ǵȷҪһЩҴߣ죬㾡׷ˣֻڲڣ
ӢܵңʱѾˡ
ǾȥҵֻѾõˣڰѺ˵ʲô£ʱϵ
˵ž˵һֻ룬ӢܼãҲñʣֻһͼסˡ
Ҷϵ绰ӢܲԸλӡɳϱϢ
ȵٴϵʱѾָʮ㣬Ȼ붡˯һǻҪسǡ֪ãȻԼļʻʱ̫Ҳ޷ǵġ
ȥ붡򣬶򻹺ãɷԼ𴲣ͷ߽ԡϴվҪöˡ
һ۾ûֻšһҪ˯ȥ
Ӣܱƨһġնѵ㲻ȥ·Уͷ̫Ҵȥݵһ£ְѾˣǻҪ׷
һ΢΢ڴͷ˾ӣֵԴ磬㱧ҾͻҪ˯ⶼ㣬ôôصŪ˼Ҷ˯þ
Ӣֹܼ̬ңҪԼ࣬Ҳһʱ뵽ȻΪңǳõأõģõģһӵ磬޴ı仯һʱ޷Ӧأмİ£ȻԼ־ԵҪˡ
ӢһУְͷȥ⻬һǣãԴ籧
˵žͽ§˻УȻԡȥ
ռɷе飬ҲȹȥҪ˼ֻ֣۵þҪۻˣɿһ£ȻͽͷǰͣĦš
Ȼ쵽ԡң֪棬һͷСèȻ˽ȥš
Ӣȴ붡˷ܵҪϵЩƷЦҡҡͷŮˣжòжϲֹԶȱٵģֻСسǵĶ̫࣬Ҳ̫ãЩ֮ȵ˴İɡ
һ붡Ѿװ˳ңʱ˵ͷ޸죬ӲţڶѾɢ󣬶Ҹþµĵ񻨽ţĴǸ߶˵ݳƷˣڷϵע˶ΪǶɽĹƷ
ӢܱŶŮȥߵ¥£붡Ѿ˰ٷ֮ٵĻͷʣŮж¶˾֮״ӢףòȻӰӼѡҲԿվͲһˣľֻԹɫˣݣӢ޵ʱҲˣòҲʱʱϢǵĸо˵ˡ
ʱӢкȻӿһޱȵԺ˶ѾԼӣ˫˫Լͬ࣬ЩֻԶԶ͵֮ûñȣûñȰ
ߵϣע˾͸ˣֻǼߴ뺷Ӣܣûе׷ȴǳԡ
Ҳˡҧҧӣᡣ
ӢһЦն㲻֪ԼжңʱǹҶֻԶԶţý˾ҪͷͲһˣֻϰ۹⣬ɲܽÿ˵Ӷɡ
Ӣ˵ʱгԺʱ߲ꡱһЦԴ磬ҿͦİ
Ӣܱ˵ƣ˵ͷЦǵȻҵųȻҵĽ
ôһ˵
һЦֽסұ߸첲һͷϧһѾͷԴ磬᲻㶪
ӢͷϾһĵ
Ҳǫ飬Ҫ㶼Ѿͷϵ˶ɲˡ
ʱҲã㿴Դӡ
ס֣硣
ŶĴӦһȻҲסӢֱ۰
ղߵһ룬ϵֻӢһԶԱߵĶֻҪõͬ飬ŮӢһ죬̬ǣȻһɧŮǴΪݣа£꾭ˣǵ۾ɵÿˣأСӣ˳Ǹ߸ߴģҲر˧֣ƾʲôŮţһһԴ׵ı˴˵˵ЦЦ˵ĶµܡһСӼرǮŮ˱ͼŸǮ̼ܵطⰡֻϧôƯŮӣرǸŰɫзأ˿˲˾ͻݿˣȥμκεһѡ㲻ҲùھȻǩԼӰӶ׬ǮαίԼ˷ѣ˷Ѱ
Ӣܽǵ̬Щôβ֪治صaʡ滯ᣬȻҶٻѩһ˻ôؼʣ˵Ҳûʲôÿ˶ÿ˵ʽ˻ᱻýһӵĹڣο˵ʮĸŹ֣ԼҪǴˡ
ڸĿ֮УӢµĹŽ֣سǲ󣬲֣ҵҲףӢܾȺ붡һҿߵһЩŮר꣬Ůѡ¼ʵѡ
ŮѳմһۻɫȹɫƽЬ򴩵ȴһʺɫȹɫЬ˵ʽȻͬһĳഺĻĴѧ￴óΪޡ
Ӣȡ˴ңпҵȥȡЩǮ㵽س̳Ӣȵ˽񣬸Ůѡ˶׹ϣƽȻҪȫģĲһֻǿˡ
ΣҪŮȥͷ붡һμô̳۾ˣʲôҪãرڻױƷ̨ŴԱ컨׹Ľ⣬һСʱȻһƿƿ޹ޣŵʳƷָѡСԡ
Ӣܼλӵһǧƽ׵̳ѽ԰һ㣬ʱ̲סһ̾йУԼӢܳУӪҵСҲƽס̳֪٣ƷҲ֪ȫ٣ֻԹˡ
ӢܳһļƻӦҪռЩСسǵгԶԣһйҪúЩһسϵĳжѾ˷ֵ꣬Լȥǽӵĵֻ̣ڸзֵ꣬ûйϼӢܼȻѾΪסԵľȴ޷⣬ԼҲӦõĳɼԼŮϸйʡ
óСƷ̳߳ѾˡŮˣֱжӢܱʲô˭֪Ƶ̳һҵ¿ʿ͵꣬ľ޷棬ʱʳӢ붡˽ȥӢܱ˴Ƥը˫ţ⺺ȫϺεʳƷָ˵˿ӣұܡ
û뵽ǡƽңʳСճЩǽζÿ˲١Ӣܣܸһɨ⡣Ҳ˶١
ȵͣ붡سѾ޷·ˣǿֵҲֳոտϣ˵ĶóԣԴ磬ҳԵúá
ȴţŮġһ˸ıö
Ӣܵˣնʱ˸ȻɷԽԽ㣬ʵ̫Ӱ󣬱㲻˼ȥɷֻ΢ͷΣ״һʱЦϸҲһٵжʱһ̩ɽɵҵӣĬ˱ڹŽɢҲЦˣֻðԽ䱸š
Ů̬ӢܲҪ̲סЦ֪ԼŴӴͳƤվǻһЦͻˣװĹҲ¾װϹӣûҲûпԼöͬʹ֮⡣
һ˲߳Ӣֱܾ˵һҿسһ꣬ʦλͷռһųȾŻëԼͷʱӢܻŮԼŪҲæͣӢȻʳŲˣ֪Ůܲ׹еʦˣֻ棬һĲ⣬Ӧ绰ԼŽ˵շǳȥڴҲģֻڼдӡ
ӢҲ֪ϰǲڴţ붡ͷʵִ̫װ·ܲЭ˵绰
ûãһʮ߰˵Ů˵˵УռòҲǾ죬ֶǵٲͷޣȻҪŪʲôͷŮȻûʲôֻ˵ôÿôŪ
Ů˾ͿʼȸӢܼüǳͷ
ԱµţӢ뵽ֻû򣬾͸Ů˵һȻ˳ȥ
ҵһֻ̣ӢһʽֻŮʽֻѡ˺뿨͸һ绰֪Ѿ֮ˡ
û뵽ӢܻûгߴţҪҪӢܹһ·̣Ӧ׷ϣ˵ϾҪǰƻߡԼ֤ܹϡ
صݣͣ⣬߽ȥһպͶ򶼼ˣͷÿ˻һ־ڷš
Ӣһϰ֪ҪСʱŪ꣬ҲȥߣͽЩСĶźá޳ķ򣬱ʻȥȶŮŪͷҪȫȥ׷һˡȫһɲС
ûþ͵޳Ӣҵϰ塣Ǯɼʦ̸Լ鳵ӣһ󣬹Ȼҵ˼ëֻⶼ΢ܸԭ
ȵ޺óѾСʱӢܽһ߽ȥͼʱഺŮڵеĴɳϡһ㷢΢΢ŲˡޱƯСһѩ׵ƣһ˫ﲨӯӯ˻ǣü京򭣬̺չЦһСǡƵʵ޹䣬Īұӣա
һŮձŮƵͷͷʽǰţüϸϸﲨӯӯƣдż̬Եü崿ȴǶ
ı仯ӢҲһҡźһɣղǵϰûдţϰչȻڴһЩķʦ
ʱķʦΧ붡ߣͣǣж͸ųŮֻǺܺ΢΢ЦȴǴ
ǿ׳ʨӢ߽ЩС˶ʱͷȥˣֻ۹⻹᲻öŮʱһƳһƳġ
Ӣܼվٵ飬ȥǮ⣬ȴֶึһ
˵Ŀ֮˳˼ʻ̨ĸϣں档
Ӣһվ͵Դ磬˵ҺͷŪúòÿ
Ӣ΢ЦǾأ
붡ʵеͷƯҪǱȹȥÿ춼ҪܳʱȻҪ黨ɷˣֻǲ֪ɷ⣬յÿɡ
ӢȴҡҡͷжʱһôԴ磬㻹ϲҹȥͷϧѾˣҲӲȥˡ
ӢܹһЦǺÿǷǳÿնǵͷһ䣬ȴһֱˣǻԭȹȻޣӣҲһġ
붡ɷޣʱЦյԴ磬Ҿ;㴩ִװңȦÿرһϰְָ׿ףҿžͲˣںѿˡ
ӢʵԼϰͦģղϣԼȥ̣ЦЦû˵
֪ͳسǵĽֵ˽⣬ʱѾǰʱ֣Ӣͣ³յıմϵãָҪСЩ
Ů˵ӢҪȥ׷˷ܣһЩ
ӢҲ˵һţӾͳ˳ȥسĹ·ȻǸ٣ҲһټϺĶҵļһ֪Ķûбմû̫٣ֻǿֿȡ
·ԵľǰһǰĳҲһıڳ󣬶˵ִմСûļٴ̼ҲǷУֻȴǽţһͽĿʼӦˣ˺ǰгͿʼų̨ӢܳȥȻһ첻µزµģеķɣȫ֪ټʻǷǳΣյ¡
Ӣܼûγ˳ϵCDʱ˼ҵľʿ֣붡û֣ʱ˷Ȼ󷭳СʳƷƷվ͸Ӣܵ
СʳƷԵ̫࣬ȻòͣӢһ·׷ȳ˽죬Ҫ˶ǾͻͣǰĳϢˣ֮ǰӢȫܹϡ
ʱһƬɽҰȴ̫ûȫɽȴѰװ׵΢紵˥˥ĻԭܵĿһݳеݲζһϼͬһƬҶ׹ŻƳĵϣб֮µɽڱ˰ϣƺ֮еĽʯ
붡򶼺ոҪӢͣ³·ԵĲݵȥſϼԡ
Ӣ֪򻹺ЩճٵɽҰ֮⣬ȻҪ󣬱һƽ̹ĵطͣ³Ůߵһݵ£붡һһ˫˫ĻĿߵĻòʣÿжۣԸ˵ƻգľ£һλҿͻһܹҲˡ
˺һ󣬲ϼۣӢλڻ֮ʱӢ̲סˣ붡İѾǳȻҲûɬ̬֮˴֮ȴĵǣ֣ȴڻͨһУһֲǽãȴʤƽõĬ


 367 ñž
صϣӢܼǰУݺǸȴǡ֮زز仪֮ڹ飬Ҽҡ֮ززʈʵ֮ڹ飬ҡ֮ززҶز̡֮ڹ飬ˡ
׸裬ճ࣬ϲҸԼδ㽡
Ӣ붡ȻѾյĻã˶׸ʵ˼꣬ս㣬ղŵĸǳʲôܸܲ˵˵
ճճյӢһۣ˵ͷԡزǡʫϡһƪ֮زز仪֮ڹ飬Ҽ˵ŮòȢĹһ˳أ֮ززʈʵ֮ڹ飬ҡ˵ŮӽΪмҶӣʹһ˶֮ززҶ衣֮ڹ飬˵Ůӽʹһ֦ҶԶʢ֡
ˣĬһŵ׸˼ã˵ǺԴ磬ս㣬̽ҡ
ձӦһ
ӢڶУҲǸп֣кȻӿһĻ˶ջԼŮӣ϶ֳȵĳ顣ʵһΪԲǵظо治֪ĸойûУ컹Ҫֽֽ̡
ǰʻӢܾó˸ֻһ߿һ߽ʹõķոһ绰
յһδӵ绰Զٹ֮ĸ׵־˷ܵĸоԲᡣ˺þãȷֻ͸̾ңʵı仯Թ׸Щңӹ졣
Ӣ֪еԵʣͽңع˼˵ˣ뵽L֡û˵ü֮ȴֳ֮ɫ
ҹ֮ʱѾУ붡򶼿˯ȥˣӢȻûƣ롣˵һ첻Ϣȫûйϵġ
֮ʱӢܾ͵kУϵʱѾȷϢ
סıݣӢܲûнȥͣڱ֮⣬ûãͼɽŴڸǶˡһ󣬾Ƶǵ˴Ҵҵ˳
մʱѾˡףʱߺһ֡
žš³ȥܵǰתһȦְ֡˵Ūͷòÿ
Ҳû뵽Ӣô׷ˣŮʱഺӣҲ˵ЦܺÿƯնûа׵鰡
ʱܿһ˹յ֣һ磬ҿնȷѾĸˣ˵ңҿйҲҳڶ˶
˵ͷȴһĵնĸ׻ãҪòŶԣңҪΣյ̫ࡣ
նʱԴ磬˭Ұ
ܶߣû˸Ҷ㶯аأ
һæʲô֣ǲҪԴȥΣյˣҡҲӦ
һ̾նЩ²ףǷңİ̫࣬ӦõӦΣܶȻȢ棬ҵˣң¾йˡ
ʵǲףӢܵĸԽԽã뵽ɷɷһսоͺޱȣŸ׵ĻҲµӢܾͿ뿪ԼȥΣյˣҧӣʪ󣬺ȻеΣȫԸġ
ӢʱҲ˳ߵյԱߣ飬һͷǣֵնϳˣϻaʡȥ
ȴһţԸԶˣͲȥð
Ȼ˵⻰ղֲʶŮӣǸӢܵ˳ϣԽҰ档
ͣĴԽһһĳУÿһУôϢȻżڳ䣬ĿȻйУȴÿһҷֵǳƷĿһ¡ӣҲǰͷĳɼ⣬ϾϼĿǰĲҪaʡƬеܹȻʣѾܲˡ
ӢܵȻԼӢܳУû뵽ǣЩӢܳеѾйˣԿóüҵ궼¿ģⶼй֮£ҵеĸƷƺҪйȫһЩչĿռǳشʵнйȡ֮ơ
ӢܿЩѾףԼӢܼȻXXѩãĸȴԹۣټ֮ǰѾžϸ㣬ó۵Ҷٻ˲ɹŮˣһʡ͵ĵơرĸףһܹ׼ᣬðյŮˣϼͶʵزҵ̶ֻܱסԭĳɼӢܼ˵ȻǸǳĻᣬȫԳûչο鵰ϼѾ˳ӢܼŲԡĴҲᶯ֡
붡ʲôسУɷĳòʱ¶˸߲ңԺ飬ŮӢܳʱõЦҲɵ˵˼Ů򡣡
ӢܿʱҲᵱնԼ˵ĻҲϣԼܹȸǿ˵Ӯü˵ءȷǲģǸûʲôˡ˵Ȣգ˵Ҳ⵽ķԡܹȢҲǾԼʸġһ˵ʵȷҪġ
붡ĵҲԽԽˣһϣӢȥ飬Ů͵͵˳ȥ˺һЦĻӢһʲ֪ȥҹУƷַζСԣСåϷȴñף˺ʹ졣
ŮͲ̰ԣӢܵҲû˵ǣֻ´γȥҪע⣬֪ͨԼһʱֵ绰ϵʱҲ죬Ȣ˶Ӱ룬书ңȻֻڶ磬㹻ֲˡ
˵İ㵽aʡ˳УտһĻĻϤĽ־ӢܵȴôҲƽĸס桢ҶٻѩãЩм˲֪ڲڣܲϼ
֮䣬ȴֻˣó洫ܶѾ֪ͨˣѽʲѧ·Ǳ߰˾ϯҽӷ磬㿪Һǡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣ½ֻ뻳У㿪ţʲ·aʡϽ˿ڲܼ׽ӷ磬Ӧܿ˵ضĿϾĺȻ֣Ǻ䶯ȫشţӦýĽڡ
ڳٶУһСʱ֮󣬲ŵϽʲ·ȴųһװ޵òŽķ꣬һԺһŰȫǵż䣬ʱûбĿˣѾԺ
ӢܽһԺͼűվȻʱŷޣȻȴ棬Ȼ֪׻ô᲻֪ͨӢжʱһ
ʱѾžǵȥһʱȴһͷĸ׵Ļӵһ𣬹˺һĸ׷ֿһ֡
Ҳӵͣļ򣬸οŶӡ
һԵΪʡʱҲٳ࣬³֮һ˫ʪû뿪гϲ⣬⣬ֻɷӵΨվһԹš
˿̾ǡһۡлơܿշƷѾߵߣǵȻܹᵽɷ뿪ζΧ֣˵ʲôģ֮붡֮£ϾദѾʮ˰
ӢҲ֪ԼûУҪ³ȴѾܵǰһЦݵص磬㻹ǲǵңնȥۻǻһ
աֿͷЦǵãǵãô᲻ǵƯնá·ͷǻСҲȲ㣬նγһú桭
˵ǰȻһǿɽһˣһ㶡žʹԵġԭ㻹ţûûεˡʧ꣬ɺˡ
˵˹Ҫץסؿڣٶǿݡ
Ӣ⻰֪ûü˵Լ£һ䡰ɺˡ
Ķʱ顱һת۾ͱԼǰҪڹȥֻܸе˼飬һͱ˹ȥ
Ӣ죬Ҳһ㶡
ʱȴ˹Ӣܵǰ磬Ҫʲô
ֶӢܵԴ磬ᣬҴ
նӢֹ̬ܵɫʱ䣬ն㡭֪ʲô֪Ĺϵ𣿡
յ˵ͷ֪ԴӣҲǰ
ôԣǱһ㣬һʧʲôҲСӵӣն翪Ц
ҡͷ磬û㿪Цңá
˵žָָѾ˹Ķ
æֻԴС檣նӡ
һ࣬ҧӢܺԵģ˵
ڴ˿̣ȴһ侲Щ²е򵥣ҵ绰û˵һʱ˵壬ܶ㣬֮ᣬҲ뻯ˡ

תȥ֣Ҳ˵
ҡҡͷﲻ˵ĵطǵȥ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹ߽һżС
һУ֪бȻ಻Ϊ֪ԭ򣬷ɷԸŮ޸һˣһ檣οɽȴڸҲϵüɷȻǳңȻʲô·ˡ
ݶأʶ㣬Ѿ˷ǳԸ񣬾΢ЦʲôҲȥ˵һҲˡ
˵žкŴҽݣýɽһڴڸּšӵһѾںϯĴżԼͷһ۵һ˵һż䡣
ŵǱӿЩͷԵģ·Ӣߣ۹ȫ˳ݣۣϴ˲𰡣ţĽˡ
ҲղŵĶԻ֪ЩǾܶʶ˵ģæݺһӵĺף۾Ҫ£ֻܿϰĳϰķȥҪǸҶ˵һ䣬Ҵ͡
ӡŶһȻٶ˵ˣ뽪ɽ߽˴ż䣬ЩЩڳޱ飬˭Ҳ϶˵һ仰һĶʯƵģŶ£ۿž͵ͷˣǳٷ뿪ɣѵĳУҪúõĹ䣬ϱȥ
˿Ѿż߽ż䣬һ绰̱зСϲ
붡һһҵӢԱߣڵŷһ۵ʲôӢȴǹԼ¡
һŵ÷һ۵ȽԼ򵥵˵꣬Ҳ̲סˣѯʵ̣أôûȥˡ
Ѿ֪ӢǷصĶӣȷп֮뵽ƭ棬ĶʵڲʧʹԼĿûĵ㲻˵ԼLȥһЩҵ㲻⺢ԸǿҿСû޹Ϊȴǵĵᣬһǰ͵Lȥˡ
Ӣʱһʧʲô浽Lȥˣ
һͷǰȥһ꣬ûл㵹ãܵңȥˣұLҲӰӡ
ȻؾŷḻĶԵо飬Ӣ֪LĻңһŮӣһ޷ɵ£ʵǷǳΣգӢֻԼڸٵ׹䣬Ҫʲô⣬һҪޱȵĻں֮С
æ̣ôϵңҽ
Ȼˣִ֪ңѾ绰ˣҪ˶þͻġ
ӢŷģҪúõĵǸúõĲΪԼĸԼĲһˣɷ򣬾ݺݓԼҲӦõġ
Ȼ˿յȴһ⣬ۿžҪ˳ĵҪһᵣģҲһᵽLȥҵܱڼźЩ
ƭ˵Ӣ׹ʧ٣֪ıʹ˵ͷǰܹҵһ·һֻЬҲúܶġ
лһֱڳĬţΨһŮܵίԼĸвʹģһֱǸŮˣ֪Ůû£зģþҪԶЩˣӢԼҲίҿԿóѾǳĻںޣȥȫûбҪˣοҪŮ֮ҪǻᣬദⲻɷԼԸҲŮҸ


 368 Թ
лƱЦͻˣǰ»СС»ˣܶҪȢӣĸҪúúõϧ
ܿҲ˼Ҳǰ˵֪ͨ粽Ƚ㣬ҪűˣһƯĴˣ̸֪ûУҿɲϣҸӣٴЩйϸϸĸһʵɿģǱܹѹס۸Ů
ʱһӢܣҪԻܿ˵ʲôЦ绨һܿĵӣסˡշƷѯŮȥ˵
Ӣ˵ҲҪȴһᵽӢʱʮ꣬׼ϰȻ뽣ŴѧȥѾʮĴˣӦѾڽŴѧһ꣬ʮ굽ʮ꣬һŮ˼仯ͣҲ𽥴Ůڽ˳ڣŴѧвٸĸӵӵܣ׼Ķò׷ƣоߣҲ֪ŮʱԼĸûתƣϣյĳѾЩ޷ܣֻϣúõĶԴرǡټһҵŮˣҶٻѩԼǾҪȢǣǴС󣬶빲櫣Ҳ޷ȷֻϣԼ֮ðĸ飬뵽Լ֣ʵڵò϶Ĵ𰸡
һ󣬾ͼӰһѾ˽ȻĿλϣϵزѾںȴû˶һü߹𣬳Էʱõҡ
һʱһЦǸ㡣һ֮һ֮ӿɲܻæҲҪԷҪԣЩŮ˾Ͷš
ǾߣЮ˲ˡܣĻɣҪǶҸͱҪԼӣ֪֪ԡ
ȻʮĸţĿСԶǸڼҵİ㣬ĿҪŮϸ΢΢һЦĽһ񣬱ſӽز˷С
꣬ŮʳӢ뵽ھۻҲĹأӦһŷ磬ʾ˵ĵλҪԣһҲϣˡ
˿ûж꣬Ϊ֪һлҪ˵ġ
Ȼ¿ܶѾ˵ˣǱ˴˾һƣȥᶼһɣҪֵһദţǽĻὫǳ࣬ҵˣֻвЭ֮£˭ҶϣҲҵˣǶûС
ӢûʲôˣղȻԼΪãǳܹ⣬أҪǻԼҲŭ쳣ģȻԸ񲻾ͬǼõֳֵġ
СѾˣӢվָһƣȻԼҲϣŶУ΢Цŵ磬ȥ£ҲԣǸˡ
ӢܽԼ磬֪÷˵һҲվ˾Ʊ΢΢̾һϧϧϧһܵĶ֣һźˡ
һ˵ţһ߽һȻһֻ
Ӣ˼Ҳ͵ɣȻԼ֡
ִֻģĴʱ֮ͽһ䣬ȥӹԼͬ¶ϧ֮ɫ˴˵ͷһЦʱһЦ̷ɢ
ռ״һվʹŷһ۵ҲȫЦŹƣǰ˭ϣһ˽ܵŽһ𣬸ο˽ǵ꿡ܣǱ˴ҵҵһӵĻԻͣϵĵҲࡣ
˺ͽ⣬¶ο֮ɫǵͷ΢Ц˻֣ʾǸ£ȻܶʵһһиǿĶǷǳ˳ʵ£ȻѾֵܣ˴֮ҲӦԵľܶȻҵˣѾԼҵܹңһΪȲʣ㣬ҲҪҵǿܽӳĵܵܣҲѡ񼸸㣬ǣǡ
ˡʱ˵һЦ֣ģԸ÷ǳˣ̫ҵԽԽᶼľӪﲻңǳȫԱ֤⽫ںܿʱһ̨ס
˵ͷʶѾΪ̫ӣңδԶѾ꣬Ҵ÷Զ㣬ңΣأҪԮģԶϤһСҪ⡣ҪʶǣңһҪȻûѧϵĹѾı̸֮ˣǵĴרŵʦЩʵõĿĿһѧһʵҪ˶þͻӦġ
аԴԶһܹҡ
ӢĻֳֻһͷɷսпԼ㣬ԶǵؽѾ˸ı䡣Ѿ׼ʼһضˣиӲңʴȿʡÿ˴ֵܣӶ֮ҵҵȷٴԻͣԽԽȥҵĸҲøȣ֦ҶҲïʢ˭Ҳ޷ˡ
ʱֵܶһ³˷㵽ĸȥҲһֱŲ£ĸ׵ζԹܹ컯ãҲϣն
ӢȻϣĸܹ˵û뵽ĵһҪԼĸȥ֤Ƿǳгģ⣬Ǿϲæ˵ͷֻǲ֪ĸ׻ڲӢܴöǼڰ
ԣæҲҪȥԴĸ׾ҵţʵҲÿģҪȥ˵ԭ°ְ㣬һúõТ˳ġ
ϽңҡҲţʵ໰˵ġ
һãܶ绰ϵһ£նͺһȥϣĸ׼ضϱܹƽֻ̽˼֮¡
ӢʱѾվż䣬ߵԺ⣬ͳ˻еֻͨĸ׹ȥֻ룬ĸǲỻġ
绰ܿͰͨˣ˺ü󣬲һǳι˭
ӢܴʱѾԼĸ׷صкȻӿޱߵˣֶֻЩˣ裬ңӢܡ
һ˵⻰ֻǶ˴ʧصܶ㣬㡭ˣ
ӢĸҲһοĸôΣԼ¶ٵĲпᣬоǺһޣġ
ǵģҴңˡ
ʱȴһĬȻôˣ
Ӣܱھ˵Լһ𣬶ҴһкȻһĸ׶ʲôĸ飬ûлشĻֻǵ裬㻹Ӣܴö𣿡
̵ܶ˵ôˣǲսʤʧȥеĽ֪һܹģȻûʧȻûʧ
ӢܵѾˡ
ضʱû˵ˣһŵˣҲǡ㲻Ҫɱ㡭ҵ¼ûУ
ӢѾĸ׵΢΢Ĳˣһ̾Ȼûˣսʤɱˡ
ֻﴫ૵ɱôû뵽ôԸᾭסʧܣôû뵽
һȴܿĻָ˱ĿˣЩŮأûġ
ӢܵûУ
ضʱֻЦǳش󡣷ǳĴ̶ֻһŮ˿Щ֣һΪ˻Ů˸ѳȴһûУáá
Ӣĸ׵죬ܻᣬ裬ҵȻ͹
صܶҲ㣬ܱáҶ㻹İţҷصĶӣȻõġõġ
ӢܴӦһ͹Ҷ˵绰Զ϶ĸ˵һ⣬ҲһԵıˣûаһôذҲܹ֮ضԹȻǾȢģԼУȴһͷǾǴĸ׵ʳԼ˭Ȼܲ취´ǣǲһļңŻὨеľۻ
뵽ϾҪ֪˭ԼظںηӢܶʱе˷ֽܶţ޲̷ɵĸ׵ķ˽ȥѾĸȡϵߴ뿪ûʲô붡Ӣֻ˵úȾ˵ûгʲôˣɶʢһҪȥӢֻ̻ʶ¡
һӢܡա뿪Ƿ꣬Ӣܿǰش
Ӣ£ǳǿ۵缲һ㣬ûã͵Ӣܴ
ǴϤĽӢֻһۣͿ˶棬ҵһطͣ£Ȼ˳˵ݣʮĵť
¥㣬Ӣ˳ȥ㵽ĸ׵ķ⣬ڰһǣȴһĸ˵˻ѣĸ׼ȻмҵķӦҪԼʱǡ
֮ŵǹȥǸŮӶӢܣæЦŵ˵ͷȻһۣǽȥˡ
˴ҲڣӢܴһжŮİ˽ȷַǳ˿ɱȣæ˹ӢܵүҪϰ壬Ҫġ
Ӣһ֣ʾⲻãڻǲҴ⣬ߵ˷صϰ壬үˣˣŲǽ
ʱ˷صŶܶôѵ֪ﲻ֪𣿡
Ӣܵ裬ǺзǳĹϵǵġ
ضʱ˭
ʱȴһ̾أжʮûмˣ㻹𣿡
⻰һʱһžžʹزŵļܶ벻Ҳƭң㣬㡣
˵Ծ˹ҪƷ
Ȼܹõӣһͼ˫붯ջѾڵʱ˹ȥŮӶʧɫվæλ£үӣҵĸף˺˵ģ㵽һҵط£òã
ŮӶ˵ͷ㵽ɳˡ
Ӣ˽ȥȴƹȫˣ磬һɫװķؾһľϣ¶Цݡ
Ƴһȴ¶ޱȵʧӢܵܶ벻Ҳᱳң㲻ûɱƺĹϵ
Ӣһͷ裬ҲȢ棬ңʱȢննҲŮ
ʱ붡Ѿ˽ںľϵķأӢܵĸˣʱ˫˫ǰңǣԷһնݼš
һ㶣Ȼ붡ۣĵ˵ͷƯǳƯܶ۹Ⱑ
һָŮǲǣ
ոϽͷǰţҽգĸ󡭡壬ԴҳѾһˡ
૵ˣҼȷǱѩǿЩܶ벻ɫһء
ʱȻЦ
аԹ޽һ𣬸ЦŵǲǾԼʤˣҵĶӣ࣬ѾѪӣŮԻͷĸܵ˳裬ڳĺŮӦõģΨһϣܹĻᣬҲѾӰҲԶ°ܽ
˵ٶȲ죬Ǹָһڣֻһóһ֧ɫµ΢ǹ׼
Ӣܼ״ʱʧɫæǰ裬Ҫ
ȻûǹЩڳҲӢܽЩйص֪ʶ֪书ٸߣҲܲӵ»ʧɫҲǰ棬ͣҡֵţǹˡ
ʱȴޱȵ򾲣ٲԽӢգԷغڶǹڣŵأ֪֪ΪʲôЦ
ҧΪʤˣҶʮĲ֣ʮѪȻġ
ҡҡͷһ̾ˣָĽܶôҸ㣬ҳԼˣܶ㣬ѾңҵжŮУûһȵ
û뵽Լһ򽾰֮˵Ļ΢΢һ㶣Цʲôܶ㣬ҲܹķǾ͸˲ˣǲǣ
˵⻰ʱѾǹҲһƺʱҪǹ


 369 
ռ״ʱҲе֣СģԴ磬Դ磬˵ô찡
ˣһԼţһԼĸףǲʲôʧģһȦһ죬Ȼ
Ӣܿʼĸ׾ǹ˼ĵǰʱ˵ĶԻڣ侲뵽ĸ¼ԣԼҪɱ˿Ķ֣ĸȻݶȴĿǣţǻۣһᴦµġ
ȥסյ֣նģʲôµģǿȥ˵
аգ΢΢ģվһߣȴһĽš
ʱҡҡͷأ֪֪ЦĲڣǹȥ
صȥȥʲôЦġ
ΪǵᣬҲΪǵΣΪ֮䶼µĹ
ȻûдûдĶ㣬ңҵһ
һʱû˵ȴعͷӢܵܶնȥлĸ˵
ӢҲȷҪ˽½ԸŮ˵ıȶʮ˾ĸֻҪлж˵İȻᱻһŮˡϧһˡ
ʲôҲû˵żΪŵգָһֱվһԣ֪ǺõĶʹʹȻ˳ȥš
ʱֻɲ뷿ˣغȻЦô֧Ҷӡ
ҪɱңðĽſ죬ҵǹ졣
Ȼ˿һ˼ľٶǰŷľһȻϵĵأԲ𡣡
ϲ˺һŴģʲôƣȥصڲôɵˡ
վֱӣأûǵϸĻһµ¡
ص£ƭҡ
ңǵ¡
أǸΪҵĵȷȷ˺㣬·ڣҲֻô
ҧгݵĵҾ֪Ҿ֪ûʲôġ
أһˣ㣬Ҳͨ㣬ܲܰ嵹ܺ
ЦܺٴȨأƾ㡣Ҳ롣
˵ͷܺʱaʡʡ̰۸ܣһͷӼݿءҪձʵƻйõˮƻȻ񼫣ǳƻûʲôѱܿĸȻ֪⣬ȴҲ޿κΣֵõˮƻʼϢƻһͻȫйʵڱƲѣŹӽ㣬壬СڣҲϧ
غعЦʣʣһӢۣй㣬벻ǿ󶼲С
ͦأɫйûңǿʢҼȻйӦóԼһأѵ汲йѵϣԼĹһ˺ԽԽƶԽԽ˥ȻѵϣԼٱɿū𣿡
Ȼһʱ˵һЦΪ壬Ҳˣǲǣ
һ̾Ҳ˵һֱѡΣأҳԼжԲĵطûУ£Ҳ̫ƫĴҲԽԽҪϴػһ͸øܶǸ
һ仰һ֧һ˷ĵطԵһҧⶼΪ㣬ⶼΪ㡣
ȻŷصǵģΪңأһжΪ㰮ңԲԣ
û뵽˵ֱ׵ĻִδеᣬسԹ޵ʱһҲĪһң飬벻ˣҺ㣬ҺҵһУ㶮𡣡
˵ͷҶҲ¼ܶԣأлл㣬Ƿһ·ýܶɱҡ
ǲԼ΢¼ĻӢɱˣԸǿöˣһʱ޷Ա硣˵
ʱһ̾أʮȥˣҲѾˣѵбҪôǿʤӮΣΣʤңôͰؽչ¶ҿ֪˺һôõŮˣΪΪڣҪأ㣬ԽܶкôĸӣҲöཻˣӦҵǣܶǸúӣѾԭһУĸ׵ģͲѵԶԼĶһ𣬺ءһ仰ܶĴȥĻᣬĸֲܵ˺Ϊʱδ
ضӢΣң֮ǰͷǳìܡֻ᲻ԼѾѪƶƻӢܽң֮ѶȫޣҲǱܿĥӢٲпܻ̲ס˵ңȥѰңĻȷ¡еǹ֪ػ
վһŮˣܿͻָ˳̬ʱ־ǹġĿڲԽԽ˰ĵԭ㣬Σһԭģ
˵ʵȷԽԽ˽ŮˣҲܹŮˣڷضԼԹ˵֮ȫ⣬һȥΪŮҸôΪ˵Ůε˺Ҳô
ҡҡͷŷصᣬ΢Цض㲻ԭң֪㻹ûкҺ޵÷ҪʬεĵزΪǱ˴˵ĺӣܾܲôһԡ
ضһصԵһ£Ϊ˴ﵽĿĶԼ˵ָУԼֳĸо˼ڱΪӲʯг֣һ̣Ѿ֪ԼˣֻҪˣԶԼһΪ˶ı䣬ȥǣҲ⡣
ûзֿģҲôΪһʮǰôƭҲԼѾˡûˣһͶġ
˵椵Ķ֣Լ书֮£صȻȴ֪Ů˵ķݶķһ˵ķͱԼѾһЩ⣬һõĿʼԼץסᡣ
Цضش˶˵ʮһ仨ǵʮɣ۹ͱŮЩͬȻӢٷһǰʮҸеģ󺹣ٲɼ˼
ʱ컬෿û̹ЩýϿǳȽһ֪֮һСĵط˾֮ƤЦǾΥˣȫû뵽Ȼݹ䣬Ǻ޸ˣĲ죬ȻЦʵòӣֻýҧýŬԼϵļⲻȥ
Ҳ֪ʤ׷ǰѾߵ˷صǰһĵסضȨ࣬ЦΪպĳ֤ٻ꿪ģ¿ġ쿪ģоշ˼ߡ
ؼ˵껰ҲҧͺԼһģһﻹƵסȻǹǰȥžվӡȻЦȴ
ۿžͻɸΪˣвɳһʵԼ椼ԽԽ¯ˣǹԼؿڡҪԼţ׼ỹһ䡰ףǰײʹ졣
ڷŮˣǲǵģֻǺܺ״ЦһãЦ˾ͺã˾ͺá
ȻЦȴһʹˡϵȷҲڶˣȴ޸ء
ѾתҲģôҡѵֲ𡣡
⻰ͷһعȥľҲ˵ƫԸҪǸԼԼʮĸ߰һöʱըʵΣյý±Цٺ١ٺ١
ԼˣҲô׵ķŹµġģҪʮŮӵһˣҷǾģҪҺ㽫ԹһߣҲǲУҪӦһҪ󡣡
ԣһϲãʲôҪֻᣬ̫ݡ
صģһõֻϣʮǰ͵͵ҷʱһΣҲһΣԸԸ⣬ǲϱġ
ŮһӣǿˣҲǲҵ˺ˣ㻹Ը⣬ǹݡ
Ȼô룬Ȼ˵۹ڷصϣȴȻҲѾѮüã壬ϸüӣֻ۽м˿ƣҲŮȣʸ߹ţвĻص˶ʮǰ쾩ѧ·ּ˵һ쵽ѧУʱںϿǸڶĿУŮˣʵȷֵȥĵطֻԼԵء
ʱг˸пҲ¶ᣬŷ˹ȥؾŮȻͶĻ˫ۣĹסĲӣȻԼȵӣȥ
һ̣˶еһУ˱һܵ˰
ããȻ´һʹæƿ˷أһȴĨѪǱҧ´һĸоʱʱŭʲô
ƺڳһǳ֮УճյһŵǸؽѵҪ׵ŮˣԽʹԽܼסһǣϧҧûǰ̺۹һʱͻģʵӦھҧһڲŶԡ
ˣдһ䣬Ůˣϲŭ޳Ѳ⣬պǱܶԶ֮ĺá
ʱغȻܶǽ
ӢѾ붡ˣĸԶĸȻһޣԹ֮ɫѾ֪࣬ⳡ˶ʮĶԹѾڼ̵ʱڻˣʱǾ塣
ʱ˸촽Ѫۣʱ̲ס֣㡭
ӢʵƵ촽ϵ״ǸˣȻ֪ĸ׻ɸΪ񲯵ĴۣϽյ֡
ҲɵŸһΣ̾Ͳµ˼֣һߵ˷ߣţְֹȥжԲסĵطն֪ίնһúõТ˳㣬㿪ĵģٹˡ
վɣһŵĲϣԼһϱн͸ºְֲͣһˣŮ治
п֮⣬ʱչһЦ
ʱҲߵ˷ߣţ˱úܣô˵ûе裬׽ʦҲˣҵ裬Ҳһϱġ
ᣬ˵۹⼫ŶҲһ˳ŮӣҲǶӵһ֮ţȻҪ׽Щ㸧˸ͷúӣ裬֪Т˳ܶȢ㣬ĸ
˵⻰ӢܵܶѾȢţѩô죬ߵ꣬ǰĴæߣ˾չúܺãʵۻˣֶܸŮˣܸгٻѩ˵кøУٻһŮӺеľǿǿѧʶ⣬ѩòطҪʤĺð֣ǧҪ
Ӣܼĸ׵ĿԽԽĴȰԸӲʱӿ˵ĸ׵Ļĸ֮飬òѹסһͷ裬ģһᰲŵġ
΢΢һЦնǣѩӦòʲôֻǳٻ⺢ӣҶĹ죬ǿ֪δػ㡣
ӢԼҶٻĹϵĸδؾ֪ѩ˵ģȴ뵽ҶٻӦòûиԼºӣĸǲ˵ЩģʱеһЩʧշеǻᡣ
ʱ뵽һ£˵һҹ֮ȥԼй˼ɣֽûҪӣҶٻ붡Լ࣬ˣȴҲûϺӣ嶾ıԼʣǧӰ쵽źãʱٲɣҪĵȥҽԺŷİ
Ҳ˵Ӣһʱں˼룬ǱӢܻŮйϵ϶ʱ˲֮ɫ˭֪ؿˣȴ˵ĿĽߵǰֻ𲻸ˣŲ٣ѵܶͲѧѧŶ֪ˣΪնĺӣͷͲˣǲǣˣܶƫƫҪȢЩţ㣬ô롣
ӢܼĸΣ֣һҪ裬նȳȥɡ


 370 ĸ
ԽԽ̵˷صѲʵڲ֪ôŮˣӢܵĻ͵˵ͷպͶ˳ȥ
ֻʣӢ뷿أӢٴĸӵĳ嶯ĸʼһңֻȻһ裬㻹ðɡ
Ҳ˶еİ뵽ԼԶӵĲ̣ûǧĸд̾һܶʵڶԲ㣬Ҳܺڣԭ𣿡
Ӣĸ׵֮¶˹ȥûе֮ɫȰ֮ɫʱҲ̲סˣǰһվǰһ䣺衭
ͽıסԼĸף뵽ĸԼ֮һУǻһж֮͹ʱڸ߳ԼһͷĶӻ֮Уļϸܵ˶ӵᣬӢܽңʵʱ޿̲ںڣ𣬶ӢܳޱȵΣǵģԸԹޣҲԸʧȥԼĶӣԼΨһӵеģʵʵӵеģӲӦԼһУѾΪȥĶԹ
رģ˿Ҳڶӳȵӵ̵ˮг׻⣬Ȼǻں޵Ŀֻ૵صҵĴҵĴܶҵĴҲ䵱ĸףҲ䰡
˵ȻӢܣܶܲԭңԭĵĸף̵衣
Ӣĸ׵Ļں޵ĻεĿ⣬ĨĨᣬʹĵͷ裬ҵȷԹ㣬޹㡣
Դ֮ԸĺޣҲҪұԼʱҾԭˣΪҵģӡ
ӵĻжʱ¶οĿ⣬ܶʵ׼ȥң֮ǰҾͷǳԥǳìܡҵʱ࣬㲻Ҫȥˣ᲻ã᲻û˰Ѫƶһƻһҽͷ֮޵ļƻܻŻҵĴӣĻһ治֪ҪôȥһչпıҵˣҶŹֻһˣ¶ĻȥҪңĺңȻɱңҪ뷨ͬھ
Ӣ֪ĸ׵ıļƵģȻļ̫࣬ĸ׵ؾ֮£ֻ»һһ뿪ҲһֻҰޡ
뵽˿ֲµľ棬ӢҲԴһսǰԼܹţȷ촹ӣ򲻽ԼңҲԼĸףҪޱȲصĴֵۣ̫ˣֵ̫ˡ
ʱԼһֱʵһ£´æ裬мҪңҵ˭˵ˣһǳǲǣ
⣬سĬһ󣬲Żĵͷǵģĸ׵ȷ
ӢܸϽ˭裬ң˭Ҫȥ
ҡҡͷܶ˭ףһģڻʱֻẦ㡣
Ӣ޾ʧ䣬ֵܶ㲻Ҫ裬ִȷȥĸףһûв鵽
Ӣԣһ𣬽ץסĸ׵ֵʲôְʧˣ᲻ΣգӦøңȥҵ
ҡҡͷͲõģǲΣյģұҲǳ࣬㣬Ҳѿһ˾ϵһӣԸǳĸӣҵװɳ鵥Ůӣõ뻶ģΨһŮˣһ㣬ҼǸкӣ뿪Ը񣬻Ἣ˺ҵģпܲӡ
˵úӢзżˣ裬ҵĸ׵˭ˡ
ӢܣȻҡҡͷܹܶ⣬һڲٷˣ㲻Ҫ׷ʣǾģģһҵѵ˵֪һӡ
Ӣܼĸ׵Ѿ¶˼ᶨǸǿŮˣ£ǲĵģֻһ̾裬ϣһңҵְ֣ϣһԸ
һͷⲻ£Ŷӵ֣еɳϲܶ㽫ȥң£˵һ顣
Ӣһʹ뿪aʡʼһңͱĪܣȻԼڼ״̬֮³嶾αڸ׷׹ɽȵõȣʶ̩ɽɣڷ֮֡ѧ˵ʽǺΰɳ̽ԼԼճɷ壬ȻѪսͺǡǳǣֱͻΧʥǣ溶ӣѪ˻Լ£׼ңȴLӽ룬ίȫ׼ԭԭ˵һ飬Сʱʱ䡣
ȻҲеʶŮˣӵξҲʱʱľսɫ䣬ֱӢܽ꣬ųһܶȷһڹĻᣬܻšһ漣
Ӣܵ裬ʵϸܻţҲҪҿСĥ£ǡغģĻңһҲϺ㡣
һȻҡͷҶ㣬ֻľĳغݶǲҵġ
ӢҲ֪ˡĸ̫𣬱Цŵô˵裬ҵԽԽǿˣȥ£ǾͲȥòá
ػָЩ侲˵ͷܶһ׼ô
ӢܵѾҪң߳Ľӹ죬Ҳҵ룬һҪȥʵ֣裬رҪǮܲܶＯһЩ֪зӡ
صҾôֵȥ𣬱ˣѾΪ̫ӣңԶҵģԼҵģ
ӢҡҡͷΪңֵôЩ룬һӻҪһ飬һܹø˻øõ飬ֵȥȥɡ
ҡҡͷܶû뵽û뵽ĸײһ̫ƵˣҸǱеЫŮˣһƺûʲô£ĵȴô룬ô㣬ʵҪ㸸׵Ļʲôط⡣
Ӣܵû˼ʲôֻ߲һԼر£裬㻹ûлشңԸԸң
سĬһ󣬲ŵңҲһʱܶ㾭ӦúúõϢһʱ䣬ԼһЩˣȻ𰸵ġ
ӢĸָԼҶٻѩõ£˵ͷãٻѩһᰲźõأ֪ڲaʡڡصcµ꿪ţѩøϹȥˣѾ֪ͨҶٻaʡƱֻʱLľƷǳţܲȶعĻּ࣬Ѿ˸ƱȥҲҪаˡ
Ӣˣжʱһ裬һֱڸ棬ĵıǲǣ
΢΢˵ͷȻŮ޸㣬ʽӣԼҵˣҲҵĶϱȻܲLֺþܹƽµġȻԿܶʵ㣬һڰϴϱ⣬ԵķԻҩҵ˷ˣɱҩˣ˽ڰﶼˡ
Ӣ׳ѪҪһڰʵ׶٣ҾҪǰɱڶҲɵİգֻңľ棬ɱһڶܹңĻƽ𣬻һᴹѵأңҪʵһܹԵʵŻñ˼ɣҴң⣬ȫţƾԼڲʱ֮ڣͿ԰ңٴ硣̨ʽӹ죬زƸԳΪΪǿܹҵ
صܶʱѾˡȻȥϢҪúõһôߣˣҲ㲻Ҫٽ
ӢҲȥҶٻˣһͷ裬㣬Ϣ
һ˵ţһ˳ȥȴռڿɳϣڵûѹӶ˿ȷϡ
Ӣܴ붡վӭǰյһԴ磬ôŸ˭𣿡
һˣôҪ£ô᲻ߡ
Ӣ֪ŮǳԼ˼һȻҡҡͷûУ˵ʱδڻܸҡ
Ӣ⻰붡Ҳһʧһһҵοɷ
ʵ˭ӢܵҲһظеǺ棬ԣӢߵܶĸиŮˣϸ㣬Ȼеĵ㻹ǵһʱʺˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֣뿪ɣҪϢˡ
ϵҧڣԷشй˼ɣȻҲٽȥĶԹѾ⣬ӢŮ֮ز죬Ͳ뿪͵Ǻã߰ɡ
һ˵ţһȥ
Ȼ붡ôûòһۣ㳯ŷصȥӲųϽЦݣӢҲʣ֪Ȼĸ׶ԼλϱΪƣһõĿˣԼеǸۻֽһ
ûãͳŵݵ˴¥֮£Ӣʵ֣ǲ׼ұ
˵ͷѾˣɴཫң鹫ڣԾͲˣĻȥýص
ӢĿģ΢ЦŵͷڶңϢǾͰسȫ綼עڶҪңʲôҲ
ܶ滹ûлնұȥ
Ӣ֣ܵնңһе¡
ǹˣ᲻Ӣ˼һȥǸѩûҶٻǲǣ
Ӣ֪棬᲻Ů֪֪ԼŮӵ£ͶԶŮûԼĹȥ͵˵ͷǵģѩòڣȥҳٻ
ռɫƺÿæ֣ҲǸ߹Դͳٻ㡢ѩýʶȣҪԴȢҺãȴǣˡ
Ҳǰǰٻ㻹֪ԴˣһԴӦЩȥŶԡ
պͶɫһȻҡͷܶˣҲ˵ʲôˣֻǵԸ㲻Ҫ˵ⷽ泬Ҳźá
Ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷ֣ģ֪ԼôҲܹٻǣܹ׵ġ
˶ζ̫ˣô᲻ӢܵĴͷһ֪̾Լôãȥɣȴնұȥˡ
ӢһͽԿ˳ԼȴȥһʿҶٻסСȥȻ֮ʱҶٻһǮ̫˽ҶٻˣȥѾĽڼǲӵġ
ҹ֮У裬Сʱ֮󣬾͵ҶٻڵСӢڱ˼˽ȥ͵ҶٻǴ¥ŵݵʮ˲㣬Ȼ塣
һ󣬾ӴϸĽŲиŮ˵Ĵܣ˴Կˣ㲻֪컹и̸УҪúϢ𣬸㣬´ΣҾͲˣ㵽ʲôطȥ˯
Ӣжʱһȣһ侲ĬĬٻһˣڻˣ㵣ˡ
ʱֻšǡһȻ򿪣ͷ΢΢ЩɣŰɫ黨˯µҶٻչӢܵǰ
ҶٻΪɹӢܳе׳ÿ춼ҪӴǰǢ̸ҵĹ̻򳧼ңѩһȥҪڲĹÿĹ൱ĴҲȷƣ벻ʱ˯ŨȻѣһʣ۾ʱ谵ĵƹǰվһţĺӣԼĵܵҶ𻪣һǷͬСɣʶһе˭
ӢҶٻӣаЦٻ벻겻ϲˣһʱ㣬̫˼ˡ
ҶٻһѾ׵ˣ鶯Ѿϳǰ˭Լҹĵ˶Ȼʱ֣滹һʱ޷ţҲھҵĲҲǸеʶĹܿͻָǣǿϲ֮ʵ޷Ӣܵʱһ˵ϣıӢܣӢܣĻ֪֪ٲĻġ


 371 
ӢܱҶٻļ׸еҲޱȵĿĳ죬ЦҶٻ⻰ɱƭңôǿɲһ˻̫˵ɣƸУһķ񰡡
ҶٻӢˬʵЦ٩ҧǰһûĵģղŵĻѣ˵ʱңޣҲŲˣ氲һʯͷģĶҵֻûһŮеλġ
һ˵һ߰˿ĵƣţӢȥ
˿ӡľһ޴ƬУȻӢܣװվӢܴõǰ棬һƢ£緢̬ӦӢܼŲųʱӦĳҪĵģ֪ҶٻŪװԳùڿ
Ӣܴʱޱȣ޷Ƭͽһҿôй˧İʵҼ
ģµܵܵĿ˵Ҷٻʱ߲ꡱһЦ˳ִһµιӢܣǷ˴ưôã˵ȥͬˡ
ӢҡҡͷƵûֻȢ绨š
ҶٻΪǿЦģЦŵððҸܽܣҵҪж绨񣬲Ϻһ绨Ǹˡ㲻ȢɣǺǣϲϲ
˵Ż汧ȭҡҡ
ûȵӢܻشҶٻ˿ɳϣȻʹļĻУһӽ֮ϣ૵Ӣܣܻۡ㲻֪뿪ԽãҵľԽţЩ˵ĶΣĺˣÿҶڲڿˮЩû顣
ӢܱҶٻЦٻûôƸаɡ
Ҷٻͷǰһײޡ֪ʲôħ˼ҵĻ꣬ˣɵڽͷʱ治ù㡣
ỹãӢһʱʹιҶٻ˵⻰ѵ㲻졣ʧ䣬ǳ֮ΣҵҪǮūǲģҴдƽˣ㻹˼˵
ҶٻӢһϵףĺϽǣ£Ҳ롭ҲɵΪ
ӢܹһЦֻҶٻŮӵȷͬһܹԼɣԼûзʱʶҶٻǾԼս޲ʤݵģ˴ȻҪࡣ
ʱҶٻ۲ѾúˣӢܣңĳǲɱϼŵܲôҵġ
Ӣҡҡͷûɱ෴Ǻһء
Ҷٻһ㶣Ǵ̷ӦӢܣǲ㷢ʲô飬ĸ˵Ĳһ
ӢһٻеĶԹ˵ҽе¸㣬֪ˡ
ͽղŶĸ˵һУҶٻ˵һ飬ֻϸڷ棬ͼԼ˹ȥ¡
ӢңľҲþĶǣɫ䣬οҶٻˣȫľսӢܵĹ£еҲȷû˵
Ӣܼ״ٻ֪û˵ѣңȢţֲҡ
ҶٻȻصһ̾ӢܣĻ֮£ܹŻܹվҵǰһʲôģʲôն治㣬ҲܲȢǡ
˵뵽һ£ʱЦ԰ȻȢǣȢúð
Ӣһ㶣ҶٻȻһЦЩˣԵúܿĵӵӢܣȻȢţɡɲҵġġ顭Ǹɡ
Ӣһ⻰ˣԼѾȢӣҶٻݾͷǳΣĹϵԼҲֻ鸾ˣԼʵϵŮԺܲƽһƣҶٻ˵ȷǷǳ£ϾһŮ˵ǷǳҪܱ鸾Ҫõ̫࣬£ǽеĿգȻ֮ˡ
ҶٻüЦӣӢܱĴһȻһ̾ȻٻһҿܶԲ㡣
ӢɫҶٻжʱһʲôʲôԲҡ
ӢܼһŵӣֵȢʱҾʹӦȢһˣ¶ͬ⡣
Ҷٻ̴ôô㲻˵ʮĸͷˣΪŮⲻƽ̫ƽˣӢܡ㲻ңҲػʵۣ⻰⻰ɲģ룬ѩô죬ǶһƬľڸ£㲻ܶԲ
ҶٻѩøԼӢаЦҲһ̾ҶٻŮ֪ڻһ޵ƶȣ׼ǸùѪͷҲҪЩŮ˲ֵһֽάȵĻСһƵӵɼȻƶȷǳҲŮƽȵԭ򡣵ִУҲǺ޿ȡ֮
ʱðɣѩöҵȷǳһƬЩǹ˾˽£ҾľȥѩҲȢˣһţӦûʲôϵɡ
ҶٻԼγǶӢܳһƬھľ£ӢܽѩãȴⲻԼʵжԼɣԸǻηˣˮĴ۾һתʱ˫һ磬Ӣܵϥϣ˫һ죬סĲӵðɵǲڹضңʵ㣬㡣
Ӣ֪ˣʱЦӴıɱ׷򣬺úݶŮˡ
Ҷٻ˴˻ȴüЦɿ˴аװָȴסĺ󲱣Щĵʲôıɱ׷Լ˵ģҵ׷򡣡
˵ž촽Ӣһǡ
ӢܴʱѾ಻סеؼˣҶٻԼͷأһѾҶٻԼ촽ȥ
ҶٻʵȴһѾܾˣس治֪˶٣ÿеޱʹֵ࣬ӢܵİΣҲ֪ĵ˶ٴᣬʪ˶еĸܵʪ촽ʱˣˣЩ壬һѣҲҵӢܻҪеĸ촽ȶʪȣˣԼߣʵҸ
ﶼǱż飬˴αǻ찵أ֪ʱ֮ţãã˵ĳȲŽˣҵǳ˼ŷֿʱȴҶٻһյĴһԼĶӣ治治
Ӣܵٻôˣ
Ҷٻ˾Ӣܣ㻹ǲǵߵʱ뻳ĺӣ֮°ļԼҲûôįǶ治ûлϣ˵ڹȥ檳ȺĴ˼˭Ҫ˵һӣرкеλģߣϧ٤
ӢܹһЦеλٻҰĿɲС
ҶٻֱĲЦǰҼǸܺõˣǸնʲô﹫ţѱἷңҪеλͲܶˡ
ӢĻЦٻڸ˵ն֪Ǹʲôˣ˵ʵôҼʶ㣬һ۸
ҶٻӢôһ˵ЩŽɣðɣȥع̫ҡҿɲ۸˵ĻҪǲҡ
Ӣܵúã۸㣬Ϊֹ˰ɡ
ҶٻϷɿһ׵˵ġ
ӢȻ֪ľ治ܷЦŵ˵ͷȻٻҶ𻪾𣿡
ҶٻһСӣŮˣȻҹޣкӣʲôҲԿҲˡҪ˼ҹĵأĶ⣬Ĳ
ӢܵҶ𻪻Ӣܴ𣿡
ҶٻҡҡͷѾûˡһǰѩýͽӪŶľѧһʱ䣬Ȼaʡʵϰܹͣ׼Ĵȥܡ
˵⻰ӢܵӢܣ֪̰棬ûһµӣټûʲôĻѩõӪȫǿҵӣҪǲˣӢܴˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦʵ˵ĶˣǳҲЩѪԣúọ̃Ҳʧһ˲ţοӪĲһǽ߻ֻҪǰڹʵһҪ࣬עάԼˣȻûʲôĻһӦò⣬ʵҲû̫õıֻպհ³úõĹܽһˡ
Ҷٻˣָ˵ЦǰҪȢңܾСӣҪֻҲûӡ
ʱֻһ㱡˯£ӢܱȫܹܵҶٻ»ļһ켫һʱĴǣȻڿ˵ǲϰЩȵľͷΪԼ
ҶٻЦ绨գ˫Բӣüõأ۹⻬ķʣӢܵȻȻֻһٵĳ嵽СĳѾǿҵӦ
Ҷٻ˯¿Ӣܵӣֽղŵˣ˿ӢܲȻõеĽֻһ˿ڿ㣬ǻȵظоĴҶٻʱͨ죬ǰҲͣ
ʱӢܵѾԼ˯֮ڣסս飬ҶٻֻæŵӢܣҪҪҪǴܻ˿ɲá
ӢܵԸбмֿҰ֮ҶٻԽ˯֮֮ԽĦﻹ̵סͱҶٻңţˣȻҶٻ˴ϡ
Ѿ뼤е˵ʱѾҪʲôǰ࣬ӢܰȥҶٻ黨˯ɫڿ㣬ԼҲѹ⣬ѹϡ
Ҫ֮ʱҶٻϵķֿԼȣȴĵӢܣЩ
Ӣ֪ҶٻȻԼйλѾ꣬Ѿظ˴ӵխһ㻺룬ȻֻһȦ֮УֻǴʱʪǿͨ
úһҶٻ֮ͬʱ˶ˣֽӵһ𣬱˴ǣж⡣
ȵԵĲϣ˱㵽ԡȥϴȻص˴ϣҶٻͰӢܹ˾ķչϸϸĸӢ˵һ飬Ӣ֪ӢܳڹȥĻֿʮ߼Ҽ߹ģķֵ⣬Ӣܷװ˾ڶľĴҲչѾƷװҲڿʼԼķװأԼķװƷƣģʽȽѾгҵ˹װ˾֮ơ
ӢӰĻý˾棬ڹڵĵӰ̫أͶʶֻпƷѾӾ緢չ깲岿磬رĳɹڵӰȴŷչʷٸͶʴƬӢǩԼİȶò볬Ŀֵ̿࣬üΪҫۣʷٸӢӰĻý˾֮£Ѿӵ꡶ӡķСһԾΪֿȵĹʴǡرȥĵһҹݺ֮ᡷݵǰվּŮѪʷȶľڳ̻üΪ̣Ѿ˺䶯ǹڻӰң԰ȶľֵݼ˸߶ȵۣѾ˽İ˹ŮǣеĺѡУȶĺߣŷӰ־Ѿ϶˹ŮǵĹڽڰȶͷϡ
ЩӢҲеοʵ֤Ӣܼŵ˲ȻԶԶϼţÿһַܳǵĲŸɣǱɹȻĿǰľӪ˶ʮ꣬漰ʮ࣬ųйһϼȣٹЩͷȫܹڸΪϼľ֣ȻԼˣԼ׹ϵԵľǾõġ
ȵڶ鲻ԽĲ֮ɫѾɫϼӴ⴩͸Ҷٻ˿ʱ䣬ѾߵˣæӢ˴ڻױǰ˿ü⣬һҹû˯۾Щף컹мǳҪĿͻҪӿɲɡ
һ˵ţһ߳ϴϣȻϸϸĻױֱͿҺɫӰס۲΢΢ס
ӢܿڴͷĬĬĿҶٻæµӰг˰⣬ȷǸǿŮˣǳܹԿ࣬һҹ̸࣬Ҫ뾫ģҲȻǳƣ룬ȴû˵һ࣬˵һۣҪ׼Ůˣ˵¼޸ԼԼĸݰ
ҶٻȥǻױƷۣԻױȻ֮ܿľױ£޹ˣȹȥֶ˼ֳ죬￴ó˿ƣ֮


 372¡
ӢڿԼҶٻ¶һЦٲߵ촽ȻúӢܣԹԵڼϢ˾ʵ벻ңûˣԲ𡣡
Ӣ뵽ΪԼһУٻˡ
ȥйҶٻҲеϷһЩ仯˼Ӳȴ˼飬ı仯ϣģһŮԸԼֻһȱů⡣
пţ̲סѾͿ˴ĺ촽Ӣ˺һŷֿ΢Цȡֽ촽ϵĺ켣ȻȥͿ˴࣬ߵ⣬ûһͶһڵţ̽Ӣܣţ̺˯ʱ䵽ˣұѩýһߣӢܴþȨְԱ۾ңҿҪ򣬱ȵ
Ӣ֪µķ񣬺̣˵ͷãߣaʡӦû֣ҺȻ֣ȻسһĴţһ֮ȫ綼䶯
Ҷٻ뵽ң¡ӢǲܲܵءֻպֲðԼ־ˣ̾һ޷ıʵû˵ʲôðɣӢܣǲҪұȥʲô£ǵ绰ϵ
˵⻰Ӣµֻ룬׼뿪Ȼһ£Ӣܣ绰ѩý𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷȻҵȻʹ򡣱һľϲѩüȻaʡֻе绰֪ͨˣĺӦûɡ
ҶٻȻû䡣֪ͨһҪϲܣһš
ӢֵܾͷӦһǣҶٻ˳ȥ
ҶٻŵӢܾ˷ڴͷֻ˹ȥ
ûһͽͨˣӢܵ֡ôŵء
Ѿ֪ͨaʡеý壬һܲɷãܶŹһ֣˵Ϊ̽յңʶңһ׼һЩʴƻ򻷱֯ңȥιۣڶңһж˼ɡ
ӢǷǳбҪģã͵˵⻰͹Ҷϵ绰ӴҴҵϴϣ¥Сһʿұȥ
һ󣬾ͽϼŵסլʱѾ̨̨־Ĳɷó漱ۣұʱѾޱˡ
ұ⣬վһţϸؼЩߵݣĲݵѾһС͵ŷ̨
Ӣܸһ³˼̾ۼؼϳ֪˭еӢܣӢܼŵܲӢܡ
Ŷӽܼļ߶ʱһѷΧ˹Ƭ֮䣬Ӣ߾̨߰ʮͲʱмǰ漷
ʱ˸ʵܣʧ꣬Ӣܼ˵ǵܿȥˣȴʧ˰ϼܲһ˵˵浽ô𣿡
Ӣһ΢Цλ֪Դ˵ǸֵţµȻܻϸĻشҵأλԵһȡ
һ˵ţһ߾űȥȫȻЩ߲ͣ׷ʡ
ЩӢܣһ绰ͷȥ
ǴʱֻڲƺվţӢܱ߽¥˴ȴա򡢾ǡһۡлơܿշƷƶվ档ȴӰ٣ȻΪ⣬ߵ̫
Ӣߵǰ֣ļӦöѾ룬ŷԿʼˡ
˵ͷãܶǸһȥ
˵֮䣬ʹ˳ȥȻߵŷ̨棬м䣬ӢͷҶ
ܿƵʽӣҲȥվ̨¡
Ӣܽȫ̽ķӢҼҵľ˭֪ôһس࣬ڼ۾һûвԺȲʵġ
׼һУŻͲλýѡܸлһֱҼϼŵչˡ֪Ҷ԰ҵǳģرŷᣬҪѴҵǣ⽫һ𺳵ţǲҪ̫⣬˵֮䣬ҲҪʣҽȥ
˵⻰Ϳʼ˵Լľӵ쾩ѧ˼ݺʼңLǿֽ˵üҪȫȻӢ̽нң֮£ȢյҲû
ʧٰѾǸ䶯Եͷţ˭ϵسڸײ귢´½漣ڼ֮С϶¶˿ϲ֮ɫһӦǷ׷״˵绰֪ͨԼ˾µؽĿ׼ֱ˼š
һꡣøʣ̾мʵܣȻǸңLľڣղŵĻжᵽ֣۶ǷЩʡ
΢΢һЦĿǰ˵ңL֮Уұ˿LĵͼϣҲûȷңأ˭˵ңLģҲȥLѾǰˣ֪LʷϱйڵĸôҲ˵LйңȻҲйأӦ֪ɵأʡ
ôһ˵ڼ߶ʱͷ
ԭνɵءĳһءܵһĹؽֻԻᡰɡΪʲĵʵ壬ʷ൱ӣȻγɵĺǿӵ֡ǰġɵءԵġɵءھԶûȷ磬ӶӣһȻȷ磬֡һС׹۾ӵػҹڡǣһ˲Ը԰־ܾͳΣǳ˱߽м䱻ϣȨ·ϼӡȵĶȿɵأʱںİɵأ͡ȿͬϼӡṩһס׵ͨϼ񼰾Աܳ衣ϼÿҪӡȽһϱԱʾȡӡС
ڡô˵ֳʱ۹ڽʻһ壬ǿرֳˡޡޡ޵ȫ޵Ĵ󲿷֣ȺǿϷϣòŻͷСɵءȻҲ̲»ֲƽ磬ӡȱӢռȫֱӡӢԲ顰ɵءڱ˶ദɵءӢȴϳȥֱӡ
⣬չйҵνӣ⣬ڡɵءһ͡Űڲ˹ľȺϿϽһ顰ɵءɣķ뵺Ĳԭм벿Ӣֺ󣬽䶫ϲȫߣʮҶٴСÿıмƫҧһڣгɻ롣
ңĻǵǳ⣬ʵһ˵йLˡ
ʱмʵܣϣң鸽йˣƺҲһϺʷ
һصصйˡȻϣңܹ鸽йڵعأӦȡңյ־
һЩңмߵܣܲʣ
ӢһЦãʡ
Ǽߵ˵Ϊ̽нңˡֱԣǲôŵģΡ㵽ȢܵһŮȻֻ󣬵Ľ£ʵǣȥ㴦ԣȻ׺ĦŷǳҵľʵǡڿʼӢܼǲǾ͹ϼţΪϼŵķ֧
Ӣ˼λشȴЦЦܶش⡣
ŻͲλѣҿԺȷĸ㣬ȻҵŮҵǾԶģϼӢܼ֮䲻ܵĺҲźܼҵľϼŻӢܼŲŻõõķչһӢܼųϼţҲеοΪر£޻˵ҲţϼŵҵϵģӢҪϣֻҲס
ʱмߵܣܲңŮճǺܺŮʲôͬ
֪Ůһأ˵ͷնһ¡
¥߳һŮŴɫĵϥǵȹɫƽƤЬͷ΢ɢţ׼Ĺüëϸ죬ˮβǼͦӣޣǼ˪ѩǰɫȹΪһ壬ǰһ°ˮ׹ӣûκεĻױӯӯվĵ¶磬͸ȻִŮװǹȻĹŵȴŨŨɢ
ڼҲḻŮʱԼϢŹŵʵŮͺֻʮ˾꣬ղ˵Ѿ޸Ӣܣ˭϶ֻһѧѧ
ռôļߣʱԵþ̨Ӣܵߣ΢΢һЦȴɬһºһ㡣
ӢܸղŽȥֻɨһ۾ͺ˵ʱע⵽ѾװˣȹνԼֵƣ׼õġ
ʱ˸ӣԼӢܵķƣ¡
̨мص³һӢܵ޸ʼ˵С㣬㣬ôƯȫսˣȴԼĽ޸ͬһˣƺܲƽʱ֪֪Ѿ˻飬ںûУ
յ˵ͷ֪ģԴ粢ûƭңѾ֪ҵĽ򣬵ǡϲȻְֲôͬ⣬һ޸ԴǸܺõˣҼ޸ܿģҲҸԶڡ
ŮҪһЩݺᣬһӣжһ
мߵ֪֪ĻƶһһޣŹƽ
ճĬһ󣬺Ȼ΢΢֪һһƣȻãҲһΨһõģҾòһһ޻һޣֻҪҾÿĿ־ͺãҪܣǣҺͽ֮⣬Դ绹һӣҵĺýãһ̸Ƿֿһ᲻õġ
˵ӢܵĶʵڲʲôӵ£պýҲ֪û׼˵Ů֪а£Ҳһ̾ȻˣԼ԰ɡ
΢΢һЦ⺢ҲܺãҷǳϲҲ͸λýѼɡ
˵⻰ֵһ¡
˵䣬¥߳һŮɫߵȹǳɫƽƤЬŮŮʽͷ𪣬ɣüĿ续Ե˳ɣҲǸѵõ˶ֻЩĸ
ȫû뵽ԼôˣһѾߵһߵ̨ϣ΢΢һЦԱߣ̫ţ͵͵ֺһ
ȻˣӢҲˣЦҵһӶ򣬸ղն˵úܺãһһ޻һޣֻҪҾÿĿ־ͺãҪܡ
Ӣܽңʱʮ꣬ʱҲʮ꣬ʵԭ򣬿ųԽĳ죬֮ʮĳӣ绨һ𣬵Щţ۲ݵĸоʮ㣬֮£û˸е䡣
ʱʵܣȥҲŮƣЩ𣬲֪а˹˾лƾӰĻý˾精ںȸܾ
֪ýȤľɫţʵң⣬ӻһʵһƵİעᣬֻڻܿĸ׹ȥҪְⷽ鷳ƻܿԼʽӣⷽ˵̫ˣҡҡͷЩҽشңŷᵽ˽ʲôϢһ֪ͨλġ
ڼʵ̫ˣҪһ⣬ᣬֻ˻֣̾б˳
ڼҲ֪û˸ٲȫҴͣڱĳӱܣŻȥЩĴš
ȵڼȫ뿪ƺϵıҲ˳ȥ붡һۣԼͬؿܲô˵עӣ˹͵Ķһ
ʱѾʱ䣬˽˷ǳδϣһͷǵұߣӢܡաȺ󱲾ߣԱźļŮӶ˿̶һЦݣⳤþûôˣֿʼ


 373¡Ů˵Ļ
극֮һ˾͵˲ƺ֮Χ̸ʱӢֻܵˣȴҶٻģӢܣԼĹѾˣ
Ӣܾ͸ҶٻԼұԼ붡
ڹֻ֮ʱӢܼԶɫ΢΢죬һʱ׷ҶٻҶٻȴѡԼҲһ̾ʵһˣӢԺյļҶٻݵʯ壬ԼΪԵ֣ҶٻҪʶҲһжһˡ
ԼһСʱ֮󣬱Ҷٻһɫķ˱ȻĴˣѾ糿ϰʱţһɫİTһɫϸĳȹϵžʯ׹ӣϴɫˮԵţٵӢʶǸƯСұʵ̫ı仯
붡֪ҶٻҪ£ڻܿ;˵Ҷٻ³ʱ˭˱վ˫˫ӭ˹ȥ
ҶٻǰЦǳٻɡգӢܳᵽģ˵ܳԿ࣬û˸ĸԼĵܴܵ󣬳ٻ㣬㡣
Ҳٻ㣬ҺһûиĸںЩ㣬ûô¿ˡ
˵ʵҶٻǴŽģҪ̫߰ҲһӢû뵽붡ô崿һ֪ûʲôĵŮӣرգݣޱˡʵҼԼƵҲмϲ˵Ӣˡ
ҶٻһӲŮˣҪһ׺ݵĻɫôᣬԼŮӣʲʱĳ涼ûзжʱһɣҲЦʲôܳԿ࣬ӢûиҺôʶģ˵Ҷ
ӢȻҶٻѩõŮʶľû˵̫ϸ붡ȻʣҶٻĻնʱĵʲô⣬ٻ㣬Һ˵˵
ҶٻҲϵӢܲὫԼ½λò绨ʱ߲ꡱһЦһҲ֪Ӣܵɵɡ
붡Ӣ䣬ǻ۹˵ɷ롰ɵֽҶٻô˵Խ˵ĺģһĶҲٻ⵽ô£ǽһȤ
Ӣܾ֪ҶٻڣȻὫ붡ҲǼ£ʵ̫崿ˣΣյִбҪѧصС澳гҶٻȷһܺõʦ
ҪλӵҶٻԼ£ӢܵϻǹҲסٻЩǵȻ˵ɣҸһϼŵܲѾ׹˰ɡ
ҶٻۼǸýеشйһҵŵĴʼˣصңʵۣӢܴԣ˵ͷǰȥ
ҲѾԶԶļҶٻ˵Ȼûн̸Ůˣһ۾жϳͨŮ˲һ׼ȷ˵һŮˣжʱΪ崿Ů
ʱӢܴҶٻߵǰٻѾõܡ
Ȼ֣ҶٻӢܳеĲɹ
Ҷٻһۣû¶ʲô̫ı飬΢ЦźŵܣҴС֣벻ܹۼ㣬Ұ
̸ֹзִ磬֣ȻЦʲôҲңҲʲôͷûʲôֵ˳ƵģҶС㣬ΪӢܳеĲɹǿһһ޷ʤεĹӢܳзչѸ٣ҶС㹦ûǷǳܸɰܶҲʡ˲ٵġ
ҶٻһЦܣ㲻һȺŮǲŮǿˣгݵżҪѧϰĶ̫ˡ
Ҳڹ۲Ҷٻһ˫ڰ׷峺˵ʱǳϿҡԷĿڵҶС㣬ȻѾ˽ܶ״Ҳ촰˵ˣնԴƣڼĸǿԣҵ޷ﵽܶأЩֻпˡ
ҶٻҲǫ飬˵ͷӢܾͰߡô⵱ȻҪţʵ˵ܸ۵Ļѩý㣬ǲˡ
һͷ˵СʮͷʱǰõѧMBAѧλǳǳ˲𰡣ӢܼŵȷҪ˲ţҲŮӡ
ҶٻͿˣѩýѾ˷ɻϾӦû
ӢԱˡɵһ㶣ѩôûҴ绰㲻˵֪ͨ𡣡
ҶٻһЦ㲻Ҳϣһľϲû˵˵Ϣֻ˵Ӣܴ±ϵʱȥӻǡ
ӢһֵٻҸˡ
˵žʹҶٻȥǣһȻ󣬵ȴǻʺ󣬵λ֮ϡ¾Ƚ˾ǣȻǷһۣűǻܿлշƷơ
ǰԵЩΣҶٻȴ󷽷ȥܾþûˣ𡣡
ҶٻȻɫҲָ̬һ֣΢ЦҶû뵽㲻ݼһһ̸и֣ҵĺöͻᵽ㣬˵ǸŮˣɱɱ
ҶٻôЩҲĴɡ
һȻЦеһЩ٣ҲɢϾһҵ͵ˣҶٻò飬Ҳ̹ġ
ʱҶٻֵܾôС㣬ʱߵͦιЩǲġ
ӢԱһʱշƷƵŮӰĻý˾صһ֪жӣȴһֱǲ䲻ȵģҶٻĿƺ˵Ĺϵ׽Щ
Ȼ΢΢һЦձ⾰Ѿ֪ͨˣӦûЩţ˵棬˵پǼ١
ҶٻһߣأһˣҵҪʲôϵ
ʱҵҶٻѾˣ붡ȴ˹ҧҶٻĶߴߴ˵ЩʲôȻҲӢܣ¥ϵȥ
Ӣ֪йءɵ飬ҡҡͷߵߣһЩйң飬֪ѾھȡϵڳＯʽ׼һ˽ңȥ
ӢʹҶٻϼŵʽȻĿ֮У˵Щأ֪ҪʽȻǳ޴󣬶ϼŵǮѾһٳ飬ҲЩԽˡ
֣ǲΪǮ鵣ģѾ˵˴£˵ҪǼ죬һ֣ǻӦġ
΢ЦҡҡͷǮܲײŵģʵڲǿϼĿǰʽȷǳţûϵȽɽϤ˻ҾͻȥңһЩƽʽܹˡ
Ӣ֪ԽңԽáɽҪѺŴƽҪҵ˽ֽףʱ࣬лȰȰĸס
˵һ֮Ҳ˹ң£Ӣ̬ܵѾȣȥֵѾȫˡ
ĹĹȥȻʡļѶԴԴϵұϡ
˰ʱ֣Ҷٻź붡˲ƺϡ
Ӣܼ붡һԼЦ֪Ҷٻġ̰֮£ԼߴȫȻ˲٣ӭ˹ȥݺݵĵҶٻһۡ
ҶٻɫЦסֱ۵Ӣܣҡʵնöʱͦɰġ
붡ˣһЦһ߸Ͻͷ
ӢһԴˡ˵ѩý׼ӵҺȥطɻ
Ҷٻ˵㣬ǸˣѩýΪôۣܲܿȥӰɡ
ӢҲ뵽Ӧһõ廨͵ͷðɣߡնȥȥ
ҶٻѾλˣʱȥȵѩýһУټˣҴӦǣȥɹʱѩýеһˣҲȻЩ
ӢԤϵҶٻҪǻˣΪԼŮԾȷǳãڣҾͻ֣˴ҲϤʵԼĵġ
˵ͷҲãٻ߰ɡ
˵䣬˾ȥǵȴкҶٻɫطŻȥ
һͿϼŵסլҶٻỵ̂ǰȻʵӢܣ֪֪Ϣ
Ӣ֪ܵͨģʱҲ֪ҺһģҲҪ˵һ£ΪЩҪ˵źýͣӦҸ˵ġ
Ҷٻԭƭ𣿡
ӢܵأܵƶLȥһ꣬ƭʵҲǱƲѣټ˵ӦǻԭҰɡ
ҶٻȴҡҡͷӢܣ˵ʵĵĸ飬ǺģʱҲȷ޷ѡ񣬸ĸ֮ܲҲôҲϣܹԭ㣬ǡ
ڵƭӢһֱǹڻΪԼһз󣬱뵽Լ飬һֱܹᣬҶٻôһ˵ȴȻһٻôʲô𣿡
ҶٻһҡͷҲ˵ãǻңҪ֪ԼŵĶΪҲԼɷԼǻĿģĿʲô⵽ܴĴҲѽܵģοΪǰĻܵΣյLȥһ꣬еļ뵣˭ף֪ȫĻԣί޷ӢܣһѺ
Ҷٻ˵ãôһ˵Ӣ뵽ҵӣ֪ԼĿľҪҵԼĸײɱֻеȷ޷ܣ治ԭԼҲǳǳʹѹҲһĺ¡
ӢܳĬҶٻҲԼ໰æЦӢܣ̫ģֻ˵пܻ鷳Ҳԣ˵ܹ㵱Σܿԭ㣬Ů˶ҪģһЩӦͻûˡ
Ӣ̾һٻô˵ҶԲ棬ҶҪԭ£һҪ
ҶٻĿƳһۣ͸ޱȼᶨɫһЦ־¾ɣӢܣºûʧܹɣҶģˣϣ㲻Ҫ̫Ǹһʮĸţҵ찡˲ã˼ǻʵۣԺʮĸŲ࣬ʸ񻹲
ӢɫٻΪֺܷ𣿡
ҶٻҧҧӣȻ񣬲ʵȴ֤ǡ
ӢҡҡͷҲ޷ͣٻ룬ܹܾ˭˭뿪ң桢ѩáն㡣
Ҷٻû˵жʱ˵Ӣʾȴܾʱʹ࣬һһ̾ҲܣֻҪ㲻ܾң뿪Ҿˡ
˵ֵˣˣǲ˵ںһӦҪȢʮʮţʮ¶ܺ˵һ仰ҾҪؿˡ
ӢһЦٻѾ㣬ʲô뷨
ҶٻȻأСħŮĵúܰѾˣȻܹ޸ΪʲôܣǸС櫣㲻˵Ҳǳϲ׼ô죬Ǿܾǽܡ
ӢܵԸҵãȥĸ鲢죬Щڹ飬˵Ѿ˱仯櫺ͬҵȷչһӣֻЩҰδܹʽҲֻһһˡ
ҶٻһҶ˵λӻеģ̫˿ɲɡ
˵Ƥȡһϻӣóһ覣Ө͸ĥüΪӣǷ֮»׹һöϴҹ顣
ӢƳˣϵճģԼҲϲ䰮û뵽Ҷٻ
ҶٻĦһҲ¶ϲ֮ɫһ̾ӦǺܹص˵ʷλģҪֵһǧϰɣ˵˵˵ӢܣǱˡ
ӢܹһЦôϲǮȻױ򡣡
Ҷٻָ֪ǳʶԼʱӡ󣬺һһµСˣ˶ǻģȥ̫ȱǮˣǮ̫ҪȻϲǮûζ
˵ŻûҶٻʹӢܵһһ꣬ѡһ޵õ廨ϳ


 374¡
˻һСʱѩõİŵӢҶٻںĿ˷̸һ󣬾㲥ѩõĺൽ֪ͨ
ӢܺҶٻԼͬվҶٻӢܣҵĺ棬עⲻҪѩýϳǿʲô顣
ӢЦŵ˵ͷҶٻ󣬻Ⱥ֮С
˽ӻԶԶľͼѩһɫСƤ˳Ҷٻӭ˹ȥѩӵһ𣬿ŮĹѾ˺ꡣ
ӢʱĵƵѩõҶٻѩãȴվԼӢܼ˼ۣʾҪô˵
ʱֻѩõٻôһӢܴõ׷ʲô£Ӧöܴİ
Ҷٻڰ׷Ĵ۾һתʵҲӢܴ÷ʲô£ǰһˣŪͿˡ
ѩһ㶣ʱʵʲôˣܹŪͿ
ҶٻһˣúӢܣϧһʣ֪աǸͨҵԱڶұӢҪ꣬춼ӢܣͻǮƣҲһο˼֮࣬ôҹѣܵɡ
ѩ̾һٻʲôãӢܣˣҪôΣյ£ģϧߵʱû˵ǸطľλãûҵһȥѰҡ
ҶٻЦֲֲѲȥ˼⣬ҵǵطҲûãˣǸӢܵѾˡ񣿡
ѩôʱҲЩˣҶٻƵ
ӢҶٻ˼Ȼòѩõ˳ˮõС㣬ӭaʡ
էȻߴ뺷΢΢ЦӢܣѩѩһʱҲסˡҲ벻ӢܻôȻĻϿ˺þãŲ㡭ա
ӢܼѩдδйĴ뾪ҲǰЦȻҪⳡϷݵñЩ˵ͷźǣҽգҶСģ˵һѡ
ӢܵѩõԵֳʧ֮ɫ૵صʵ̫ˡ
Ҷٻѩý㣬ûƭɣӢˡ˵᲻ֵܡ
ѩҡҡͷܿ϶ĵܡӢܾûֵܡ
ҶٻǾ͸ϡˣѩý㣬˵μ׼õһ
ѩȻڿһӢܣ˸Ȼǰһȥ֮󣬾һ˲䣬ʱҵһȻסĲһ죬Ө̹䡣
Ӣ֪ܲԼʲô֪һʲôѩͷֵҲѾϳԼ΢΢һЦĵ˵ͷ
ѩôʱ滨꣬û˵ֻ˽ӢܵĻ˫ֺϱȴӵúܽܽ
úһѩò뿪ӢܵĻһƬʪˮӯӯĵӢܣʲôʱģ
Ӣܵ졣
ѩֵĳûУɱ𣿡
Ӣҡҡͷѩã˵ȥ˵
ʱȴԱ˵ðңǿڣǲǣ
˵Ҷٻ
ѩתͷȥһµٻ㻹˼˵Ӣ׽Ūҡ
ҶٻͷǱˣңӢܵĶ䱳ʲô
ѩúЦԼȥ
Ҷٻһ˰Ӣܵʱһֻ̣ɫҲû뵽ѩþ⵽̲סȭһҾѩý㣬
ѩһЦ㵱ɵôˣοҡҸӢôãһЩҵȻ֪
ҶٻЦӢôûӦûϡͬĸֲŶԣӢָܻһʼǾסһҾͲӢǳصĺС
ѩˣʱ˺ִһ£ȴûзϡ
Ӣϸϸѩáȴһߵ׻ɫְҵװͷһƯʱеӣɫķбţĳ׼Ĺ񾱣ɫѩӣ˸ŶĸоҸһֱŮеľѾȹȥ˵Ÿ߹ŮǿɣӦѧĿǰĵλγɵģҲǳ˵ġ֮硱Ů˵ǼΪѵõģӢеѾĸ׺ܽӽֲĸ׻ָΪԼ˽飬ǸԼҵӣŮˡʵܹشæ
ѩԺĹУѾԽԽȣʱȻпϲԽûкԵı¶ֻǵӢܣ˶ӣȻȥ˵ɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȥѩСƤ飬Ҷٻǰȥͣ
˳ӢѩһںϣѩòľͽֲӢܵظ첲ȻͷļͷȴϣԳЩƣӡ
Ӣ֪ӢܼųСװӰŵĹҪͣĿµгµҵ񣬼Ҫͣϵرߣǿعһ˵ܷأ˵ѩˣһпֻһ§һĸգЩʵǲ˵ġ
ҶٻȻҲԸ֮侲ĬĽֻǽ÷ɿ죬ʮ֮󣬾͵Ӣѩùȥס
˱⣬ſڴı̿˵բŻҶٻͣס˳ӣӢܣѩý㣬ǽȥɣȻȥˣ绰ϵ
ѩæӢֱܻٻôȥһ찡
ҶٻһЦҲŲȥҿһЩÿҳ棬лԴ׵Ҫ
ѩöʱļһޣ㣬Ӣģѵûңƭҡ
Ҷٻ뵽ԼӢܵĲ࣬һȣȴҺӢֻɳһûң롣
ѩһЦûе㴩ֻǵٻʲôʱҸ˵˶ٴˡ
Ҷٻ˰ɣ㾭ڼңסҲѵú죬ǸĵܵܣҪıק죬Ҫǲֲġ
ѩõʹˣʵҶʱֵòٻҲӦˣѾһӺӣҴȥһгǾͿԿΡ
ҶٻӢһۣðɣҾͰһס벻ӦһҪö࣬Ӣܣ˵ǲǣ
Ӣܵȷˣ˵ԼŮ˶סӵıȥҶٻ˵˳͵˵ͷ
Ҷٻˣ㻹Ҫѩý˵ȽȥɣҪȥˡ
ӢѩüҶٻִⲻҲǿ˫˫˳Ҷٻǰ˰֣ʻųͷء
Ӣ߽ЩӶ˶ϳϽʺãӢܺЦʾ⣬ȴѾһˣѩþڣҲҪˡ
߽˹ȥͬҡʱѾѩһ˶ӡӢܸһƤ䣬ѩþҲƲסԼظ飬ıסӢܣӢܣллأƽµĻˣ֪֪ÿһĹҪסҵ֮⣬ԼԼȥ㣬ΪҺܺ£ԶˣԶʧȥ㣬һ涼޷Ȼ̲ܲסô롣
ӢĶͷӦ֪ҴСΣг󣬸㡣
ѩõ֪һ򵥵ˣǸطǻʵۡҪȥɱȻȫˣʵ̫ˡ
˵ʱһ£ˣӢܣ㻹ûиңɱûУ
Ӣ֪ô͵õýɷԼϢ̨֣˫˫ϣѩãµಢĸ˵
˵⻰ֽԼȥңһо˵һ顣
ѩȻҲĶǣӢֲܵʱ£һ仰ȴӢܣ֪ϰ̣ܲϣܹԭϰ徭Ҽ棬ҿóǳĺڣҲƽ£ĸףҪһǪڵػᡣ
ӢѩãŮӺԼ櫡¶͵ĺһĸ״СǮģĸ׵Ŀز£ҪԼЧ͵ĸ־Ӣѩֻеһرˣµ᲻ĸ׵ľģǰĸ˵ȥû˿ĸı䣬ȷǸĹ˵ˮ֮ӿȪ౨صĸ׵ĸҲԼĸ
һӢѩþͽݣȻһԡ֮У˶Ա˴˵嶼ǳϤԡ֮໥ԡڼϴţž鲻Խļѩõ鷿ӢܽļŮ֮ԲģټǼ̣Ӣܽٺ˱ѩõӾ΢ţӢܵĸ£סĲȻ֮һѾԼڣӢһѶ࣬ټԡǻԡȻӢܣûʹ֮С
԰ѩѾŮڣױ˴˵ҪԲӢܵĥţӣз˵˭õӢܼŵܾƽʱ壬Ȼַѩû˵顣
Ӣѩһ˫ʱһݼƷŮ˵Ļǹ󸾣ڴǵ԰ҲĪڴˣްǿɱģаŮ֮߾硣
浽ӢܳŽҺעѩõڣѩȻӢܵͷ§Լǰһ󣬲Žķɣӣ䣬΢΢ţȴǴﵽ˸֮߳״
ϴ󣬵˴ϣ˭Ҳûд·ǳţͷͷһӢܸսѩð彿㣬Ľϣִ԰ϣʵڿκҵͻ
齻ۣĬ˺һӢܲŵѩã֪նǵˣʲô뷨
ѩúһЦӢܣʵ֪𰸵ģǲǣ
Ӣܵȷѩúܷģ֪ǿԽһеģ⻰һЦ˵ȥ
ʱȴѩõӢܣ㵣ģδؿϺԭƭ˵Ǽֵ¡
Ӣһ֮ڶŮ˵ͬĻҲԽԽûţѩãŮˣ˵ԭңҸô죿
ѩõûĺ÷ӣֻĥϸݣ˵ЩûӦŮЧľֻԸûǺƤҲûôõġ
ҶٻҲҪԼ棬ֻ·ˣҪڽң֮ǰӢܵȷûкƤõĺŮ˿ĵģͬˣôʢӣѾµ⣬ԼֲܹȹݺݵĴһҲĽܣʵԼӦõġ
˵ͷѩã׸ôˣסһ̸̸һΪѵġ
ѩ΢΢һЦӢܣѵˣ㵱ͱҪһ޸㣬ҵģѾ̸ˣǸѵõĺŮˣԻ˺ģºͣҷǳҺߺҲһ̸㣬Ǻ
Ӣ£һɣֻҪܹԭԼеȢܹģˡ
˳Ե˵ŻѩԲ⻬鷿µķ֮أ뵽ղ˵Ӣһ§סѹԼ¡
ѩʵǲٶɼ飬֪ضҶٻޣЩӣһǷӢܵصӢܣˣϢ´òã
ӢԾ׳ţ棬սʵԶ統տǳǺķŴսٻغϵĺţѩ¶ƣ̬֪֮װģƿӣѩãúõϢҲˡ
ѩҲеԸЩ仯кοģϣĸ첲Ӣܣ㱧˯
ӢܵͷѩñһЦȻȷҲƣˣûãӢܵĻг˯ȥ
˵ڶ죬ӢܾѩõӢܴãʱӢܴͼϰٵýߣлЩ𷢱۵ˣڵӢܵ¶棬֡
Ӣܽͣһ۾ͼָڱгһάպհ³ߴվڼȻ£û˸ǿгء
Ӣߵպհ³ߣȥպհ³ס֣˵˵ͷһЦȻû˵ʲôӺȴԡ
ʱ߷׷׵ܣܣңѾһ֮䶯ȫ磬ڸͷͷйңϢܲ˵˵ľ


 375¡ľ
Ӣպհ³ļ磬˹ȥԹľͷ΢Цŵλýѣйң£Ѿ˵úϸˣҪ˽⣬֪ܻһЩңչѹʱһңȥҲλлᣬȴ޿ɷ棬ҲҶȥ
мߵܣңǲ̸̸Ļɣ˵ʧٺ浽LȥˣȴңķȢúһŮˣΪʲôķӦ
ӢܵܿҪʱҾ֪ˡ
˵⻰˻֣ʾպհ³ǲɢýߣȻ첽߽Ӣܴõĵ¥
յͼѾվˣȫӢܼŵƷҶٻǰ档
ԱӢܣܺá
ӢܵߵʱӢܴõԱˣʱȴѾһЦԱͷҺãҲڹ˾ҶˣλһֵͻԱġšӢܼŵǴҵ죬ӢܼҲκһھľ湫˾µˡ
ӢܼŽķٷչȷԱܴķչᣬһ˾ˣ඼Ѿȥˣܲģ඼ĽӦƸˣڽѵǵһĿõԼϰ壬紫˵е̽ӢܣΰǷȻ𾴣һЩŮԱһ
Ӣ̶ܼĵĻԱȫֻĻȻÿϰ˶˵ϵ˵ȴر˼š
һԱǶ׷ɢȥصԼİ칫ȥˡ
ӢҪѩҶٻ˵ݵԼܲð칫ȥǻ㱨عҪȴ֪ӢܼĿǰܹʽ
ûһ͵ܲð칫ңѩþò񲿵Ӣܻ㱨ӢܼŵĲ״Ӣ֪Ӣܼŷչ̫죬ʽʵҲǳԽˣҪֻҲҪȥٵΣӢܼڳãĹϵòҪȱʽǺͦȥġ
ѩüӢܳɫߵӢܵߣӢܣʽ²ûа취ģ֪ӢܼܹٵķչʵȫϰڱＯʽҲԺ
ӢʵҲ֪ĸ׵жǮѾˣҴ𸴡
ѩõ˵ͷȥóһЩ棬Ӣܵǰ
ʱվԱߵҶٻǰֻˣ̾ЦѾˣðӢܺѩý㶼ڣ¥ǡ
Ӣڿ棬̧ͷٻǲնǣ𣿡
Ҷٻնͨ绰˵רһһ˾ǣӢܴ￴Ҿǵ绰ңû뵽ôˡ
һ˵ţһ߾˳ȥѩúȻԵЩӢܣұȥЩһȥλõģȴˣֻ»Щʧ񡣡
ӢЦЦѩã̫࣬նƽЩġ
˵ŻûһͼҶٻ˽붡򣬶Ůֻ˷װһһ̣ǻд磬Ӧ˹װ˾µƷˡ
һְҵװѩãպͶҲýܣ˫˫Цǰյѩý㣬գǶԴһ˵ˡ
ҲͷǰӢҲģ˵ѧʺܸߣҲܸɡ
ѩüǵòҲһϽס˵ֵãӦǵģû뵽ǻ֡
յ˭˵ģǽ㣬ӵģȻӦݼ㡣
ҶٻʱԱЦᣬᣬѩý㡢նáãǾͱ̫ҶЩܲˣˣǸѩý׼ʲôøơ
ԣæһóһϻݸѩõѩý㣬Һһ⡣¡
ѩøϽôáҶûи׼ﰡ
ʱҶٻȴһ˹ȥѩý㣬°ɣնǸҵʱҿǺԥľˣҪƾܣɾԵ̫̰ɲ֪Ӣ컹˵
ôһ£ҶЦѩñл˶Ů
Ҷٻ˿Ѿϻ򿪣ȴһö黨ȻȴǺĵɫӵһɫĵɫ񱾾ϡ档ټϲһ׵ȴذ긴Ҷʵɶ칤֮ҲƷ֮һ
Ҷٻˡɵôѩý㣬ˣˣλشʲôǰ
ѩҲʶ֮ˣзǳϲö黨֪һյİ֮һƾܡδԵ̫飬΢Цŵ룬һҵö͸λá
Ҷٻã룬ҲңҿǴӦλýȥ֣ϲʲôǮǻˡ
붡úõĹˣȱôһλ򵼣ϽЦŵͷѩñǸȾǺãҲȥ
ҶٻðùƷζҸߣðҲοολʲô
ѩõ˵ͷӢܵӢܣ˾еϵı϶дúϸˣλãҪһЩʲôǵ绰ϵ
ӢҲһ˴һ¸飬ЦðȥɣԷʱҡ
ҶٻǿɲУ˵˵ģŮ˾ۻᣬɫ˭㡣
붡Щ˼ӢһۣԼͬغЦͷ
ӢϵҶٻὫ붡򡰴Ҳ޿κΣֻõúãͷǵļ٣ıһҵȻûзȨ
˵䣬ŮЦųȥˣӢܱĿ𱨸ȴȻдúϸԼңʼÿ¹˾ÿһչؼ¼ţѩΪԼ׼ġ
һȥŮȻ˭ҲûиӢܴ绰Ӣܴһ绰ѩãȴ֪Ȼرȥ
Ӣܻصѵõһͣһֱ˺þãżѩŴСĶһʲ֪Ůɹ֮ҶٻŮȻȥʤʵˣҶ֪֮ҪסһҲˡ
ѩЦŵݸӢһݱֽԼȥˡ
ӢܴһԼպȻͷ֮УձΪʷŮˡԼȴΪʷҸˡӢܿˣȴԩʵñԡʷҸˡ֮ƲŶԣֻԼǡǡĿǰط˼ˣЩǰ֮ˡ
ϢһЦܹԭԼȷΪԼҸ˵ģ뵽ֻͨĵ绰ϵ˵ҪȺŮϵ˵˵ĺͽӢҲÿУûиͨһȥӦпŮϵ˰ɡ
ֻͽͨ˿Ӣæ֣ϵûС
ϵˡ
ӢЩͳв㽫ҵ¸潲ʲôӦ
Ĭһ󣬲ŵ̫ܶԽЩԽ֮Ҫһʱ仯⡣
Ӣжʱһǲ治ԭң
ܶ𼱣ֻʱģһԭ㣬ǵ˵ɣѾңͻصйֻҪתĻӻᵽaʡʱһȥ
ӢԡﻹסϵȻ浽LѾ˺룬ѩһеģ֣֪ˣȸͨͨ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰ѩõֻѾڴͷϡùȻĺ룬Ͱͨˡ
ֻûþͨˣȴһȴĪصһTeansᡷ޾ˣӢѧ٣Ӳ֪ٴˣʱȴе˻ңӣľ֪
һ󣬾桰ιһȻиŮ˵ѩã𣿡
Ӣֻƣƽһŵ棬ңӢ
˭֪Ǹܡû³ֻǱ߾͹Ҷˡ
Ӣæְ˹ȥȴֻ֣û˽ӡ
ȵҶٴΣֻ㴫޷ͨʾˡ
ӢֻʱŸеԣҶٻѩõĸоȻûдԼеĻںƭȻԼص绰һֻеȵ˵ˡ
***********************************************************ʱܿȥˣڵڶʱѾŷ޸˻ȴһϢ׼һҪĿԣܷģҪһʱѾ˵绰Ů˺ܾáӢûϵʵڲķ
Ӣףһ֪Լƭ˽ϢҲԼ
˵磬Ӣܱһĵ˻ѾӵŮĵ绰ܹ׼ʱaʡ
ӢܰһƯˮõ壬վڻĳڴĵȴţ˵ʱÿһ붼Եô
ڣӵгˣֻһɫTһɫп㣬Ӣ뿪֮ǰԵˣƤҲЩɫƣ
Ӣܼ뵽LѰԼļеѵֻȥƭȫǴشûκεɡ
ʱлѾһŮ˹ȥĸŮܿıһлƵȴںŬĿԼҺЦͣȰοĸס
ŮļǿҲ¶Ժ֮ɫʱƵ߹һгĽ֮飬ͨ˵Ҳû˵Ļʹ붡
յߡһ㡣
̱һ
ӢƵɫǸ⡣ӣʲôͲͣرƺڿο˵Ǹ޸Լ
һֱȵ붡˵һ󻰣Ȼּ˾ǡһ۵ֵӢܣϽŻ˹ȥ档ܳϿҵĵ棬ҵĴԲ𡣡
ûӣֻĬĬĽӹ˻ȴյȻƽĵ°ְѾ˵ˣҲһܹ㡣
Ӣû뵽ԼһϲҪ˵Ȼȥֻҡҡͷ㲻Ҫ˵ˣ˶ࡣȻȥɡ
Ȼý廹֪Ϣ˶ʶӢˣ׷ͳֻջ¼ƣӢܵ˵ͷҲû˵
ʱѾ͸ĸߵһ𣬿첽˳ϱȥ
Ӣܵĳ棬һ߿һ߻һһԼȻĮȴһ˵İİȴƫƫĮеѹ֡
ûãͻصϱе˶˳¥µĴȴûֱ¥ǵ֣裬ǶԼһ
лƼǡһۡܿշƷơ粡ȡաػһ֣أΧ˹ȥ
ӢĿɫоµҪʲôˣһ̾˼Ӧ֮
Ƕ˹ĵӦö֪ҺӢܵˣ˭˭Ҳ˵ҪҪӢ顣
⻰һлƵȶһ㶣ոܵߣֲͣҡţĵ㣬ǲΪԴȢҺãҡ뿪Դˡ
˵⻰뵽ҪӢֻֿܷģΪԼҸ϶ԼһɵˣԶҲῪģѡ뿪ĺá
ǸĹ˵⻰Ҳ飬Ҳǰ㣬𲻸ˣҺսϻңȥҲҲ
˵Ȼ̲סʵڲұ֤Լܲŵ
ʱæնããⲻǵ£ӢȢȢǣҶġ
лʵҲǳϲӢŮ֪ɷҲΪҴߵߣְֲ˵ˣӢ֮ܵƭ㣬ǳ𣿡
˵ͷѾ˵úϸˣʵӢҲһˣҲϣλѾ˺üˣģ裬ҲҪȰҡ
ҲߵӢܽ飬Һ̷Թûֹ㣬࣬ҲӢпԭģΪʲô
ҡͷӣȴûлش
ʱȴ˵棬֪ӣҲΪôôȻѾͬ顣
˻عͷȴ˵Ӣܡ


 376¡ص
ռӢܾȻ˵⻰ʱԴ磬㲻˵ôܹͬ飬ⲻԣ򲻿԰
ӢѾߵǰ˫۽棬㿴ңҪ飬Ϳҵ۾˵
ԣʱһҧ̧ͷ۹ȴ͸˾ǿãӢܣҿˣʲôֻ˵
ӢĬĬһ󣬵棬֪ܰңҲðΣյLȥˣǲǣ
⻰΢΢Ķһ£ȻǣǹȥһжˣҶĸ飬֮һУˣҲ޷㣬һҪıɱҰֲҽˡ
Ӣܻ˵ͷ棬ףΪҶһжǼٵģΪ˴ﵽԼĿģ㲢ûа
ѾʪˣȻûЦӢܵǽʱ浺ʱΪԼҸŮˣһޱȵģҵɷҲҪΪһУҵڣҲ֪ˣô˵ôҶ֪ˣҪ飬ΪҲ㣬ȥ²˵Ļ£һ棬һǼ٣ֲ²⣬Ҳֲ²⡣
Ҳ޷ˣĴ㲶ϻ£ڵϡ
Ļлա򶼿ǵȶһȻ
ӢܺȻؾһ棬û뵽Ҷ˺ôٴ˵Բ˵öԣ޷֤ĵģͬγαĻһһҪ󡣡
ӢܴӦԼ飬вʹ̵ġȷûˣֱһõö࣬˵ʲôҪ󣿡
Ӣ۾ٸһλᣬᵢ̫ã֮꣬ڣܸеҶİ١ָܹҵģϣȢ㡣
ĬȻ˺þãûлش𣬹һ󣬲ҡҡͷҲ֪ĺۣ½˵ɡӢܣ˵ʵ޷㣬ȻѾͬ⣬ȥ
һ˵ţһתԼЯƤ䣬¥ϵȥлæţȻҪúõİοŮܲλ
մ˿ߵǰ֣˵һ仰һģԴĵģ֪֪
Ȼһ̾յҲ֪ܶңʱҲ˵Լһӣҵ֮ҲԸΣ沢֪ҸˣҲʲôоء
ܿһֱĬĬĿһУصֽ֧ܶ飬ҲԴҶкôҷǳ⣬ԽܶĸԽԽֱܲƭĴ޷ȷάϵĽʲôȻֻãҪԵ֣ҲߵһģԶ޷ȷԸѡˣһ˻ĵİġ
˵⻰̸һۡȴԣϣ˵棬շƷ򱣳
ӢܴӦ飬ȴȻˣǿҵķӦȷȫ֮⣬ȻܣԸᵽһµĴҲԶ޷صء
ʱеֻӢһȴĸ״ģ߳˴Ž
һͨصܶǲѾصˣ
Ӣܵǵģջؼûá
ֵô̸ϲԭ㡣
Ӣܵ裬Ҫ飬Ѿͬˣ׼ȥ
سĬһ󣬲ŵܶڻ𣿡
Ӣܵǵġ
صǺãϵš
˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ӢҲû뵽ĸ׻ᵽ֪Ȼʲô⣬ʱڴš
ʱ߽˴ȴ˹ܶѾˣҲеίǡǻǷֿһʱ˵Ͼģ֮仹лᡣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȻһȻĵ֣Һʱһߣڸÿңˡ֪ļƻ
Ӣõ𣬷ŵ£Ҳ¶֮ɫļܺáܶҵŮҲϣңĴΪأǵȷýһжˡ
˵ֵѾһʽ˹ھ֮󣬵һ˴CȻٽɽ˽ң
Ӣܵ֡ڶﲻ᲻֪ǳϢ˵ô
΢ЦѾͨڶͨˣҸĹ˾⣬ұңʡѾʣʡ̩رҲô˵ġ
Ӣ˵Ȼһ£ûôȥġ
˵ͷУѾ·˵ˡ˵й޷ͻƽġ
Ӣܵһ̩ɱס£˻ƽȥ
Цڶһô̩ǲƣڶһĵģ·ȻǵĿ֮С
Ӣ֪̩˴ң֮к󣬱ȻҪ뿪LȥҪʵǲ÷ʲô࣬ǾҪ֪ͨǣʱҪֵ̫ڶһָ̩Ȩп䡣Ȼ˭ǮͨҪ鷳һЩˡ
һͷǵġѾýɽȥ֪ͨʶˣҽ뷨ӻƽ䡣ǿЩɧţܶϣסڶθڣºӦҵľѾ˽ңټһ֪ʿһЩ֯ңȥιۣرˣڶﱳĿɽһҪһЩڶǣʱ֯£ϻƽߣʶͼװˣһڶ֧ԮһЩִҵҪڶʲôӦ֮
Ӣ˼һȻ֣һܹ֪L¶򣬲֪ϱ˫ֻҪڶ뷲ɭսڶ޷ֱңͳװȫˣȫгʱ䲼һС
Ѿͨ⽻ʹLˣڶͷɭѾˮݣĿǰϹнս֪ʲôʱܹ
ӢܵԷɭʵӦòڶĶ֣LؼڹͿǿϲϰгˡ
˵ͷѾ׼Lؾ»أǾڶʧܵģɭӱҪЩ˭֧֣ⲻʧһ;
ӢҲ֪ˣҪ˵ȴһҴҵ˽ϰ壬һŮ˿ųҪ˵¼㡣
û˵ʲô֣
Ǳ˵ˣзأ˵ܵĸס
ôһ˵ʱһ㶡еľǵҲˣڷص֣ҴʱѾ׹г˻ܿ˭ûмжݶŮ˽Դе⣬ȫ˹
ܿһĵʲôô
粶ʱЦշΪ˲ãҾҪǸʲôͷεŮˡ
շƷƵֻҪſǿɲö
ȴұ嶯ǽܶĸסҲȻӦǹͲŶԡ
һҲǰǿ˵ýܶ
ʱ붡Ѿææ˳ȥȴӭȥˡ
ӢһֻۣΪģǽܶĸףҲǵ׼ңȻˣӦǡһ˵ţʹ˳ȥȴѾڴŸڿբŷصسˡ
һؽͣ˲ƺԵͣϣȻ
˿ʱѽĺб֮£ȴһŵĺɫȹٸ죬壬߹ޣһµɫƤ
붡Ѿߣʺš϶ʱ¶˺ůЦݣǵ֣Ȼںе˵Ż
ǣеһȺԼ䱸Ůˣɫһ䣬ӭ˹ȥŮζЦŵܡּˣϵ˺ûС
ǰӷϵҧŮˣֻ˭Ҳû˵ǽȥʱ֪ҪԼŮºȻգ΢ЦŵءҸôƺ㣬ǽѧ㣬ǽ׼ҡ
Ц㻹ȥһضòá
ʱȴһŮ˵أɲҪôߣҿɲҰصط
˵ǻܿ
ؿȻЦҵ˭ɤôԭǻС㣬֣ôĹٶôͳôԼŮ޸һޱȵļһСѧУʱҲǽúܰû뵽ҲôŮ˷һˡ
ʱһĸŮ˳ЦŵأɱŮˣȴ˵ĻᶼûУԲѣȴ˵ģôһӼˣҪ㣬ﲻ˭㿪һٱһǧ㻹ֵ죬Ҫǽܶһĸס
Ůˣ۹һ粡
⻰ĹȻ粣˿ŷݵ˵ͷЦңҵǺ˽ԽԽԵĽҪʵҪ˵ǸɱŮˣԲϣһô롣
ܿʱʱ˵úã˵úã粽㣬ҪɱɱŮ˵磬֪ǿɲǺ۸ġ
Ů׼죬Ҳеͷʹæˣأʲôʵ˵ɡ
ӢȻҲԸĸҽԹ̫裬ѵóǿЩɡ
Ҳ֪ЩŮ˲ǣҴ˴ǰȷµģҵĶϱģлҪ˵
ܿӢʵ޶УҲ飬أͲһѾˣĶϱǺЦӢܽôãû¶棬ô˵ҪˣҵˣɲܹƵġ
زĻֻ㲢ԸܶɣһȥҲа취أҵȻҲкô
Ҳ׷غȻ¶涨Ȼʲôӡأ벻Ȼôںܶػ
΢Ȼ֮ɫǸϱ˵ܶҲԸʧȥһԲľǽܶΪһЩµʱˡ
˵ʵڷأҲεġת䣬Ҳǰˣ˵ͷðɣ
˵ž¥ȥػͷѾָ侲ӢܵܶҲ
֮
˲һ͵¥ңһƿţȴлɳϡлѾһۣȴڿοĸס
֪лƴ죬ƽǺѼ޵ģ˿ᣬȻûоĸ׵ΡŻŮʹ࣬Ҳһ̾ףԼӦŶԣѾˣǵأŮ¿
л涼ʶأӢܴһ޶İĹ󸾽̧ͷ¶֮ɫ
򷿺һָƣҸǽһ£Ӣܵĸ׷ء
ԣл϶¶֮ɫŷأȴ֪ʲô
лƴʱվ¥µŮһҲŵ⣬ߵ˷صǰĵշģ㺦Ůʲôϳȥﲢӭ㡣
˵Ҳ֣ķ˵Ծûзŭº͵Цƽ㣬˵òһжҵĴܶƭ棬ҲǱұļƭǸúӣҲһǱ˴మҲΪҶַɣΪ¡
ʱҲ°ְҲжԲ𷿺صĵط֪нܶģǳ£Ӱ쵽ǡ
ʱվ뷿أȴӢܣ֣ǹȥʲô£治ˣҺӢ֮ĻΪǵعȥҲδһһ̲סܶĶҲ࣬ҲûйȥҸĸоҲҪ飬ӢҲӦȥǾͲҪȰˡ
˵ŷص裬ȻҰйڣһƺ㣬ҲŮˣҲƭʲôԭ򣬵ƭƭŮ˲ܽܵģܹһЩ뷨Ϊ̫ƫȻҪӢ飬һĶϱϣ˵һ仰ҪټȥҪٺˣԼƽŻõĿֵء
صľȷЩƣӢ׼ң֮ǰѾʼԼΪ˺ڣεڷһһεĴӶоѣԴӢƽµĻƽ࣬Ҳڷ˼ԼȥһЩΪĻʱһ̾棬ȻҺ֣ԴܶԺһֱڹע㣬Ҳϲ㣬ʵڲԸʧȥϱ
΢΢ͷ֪LʱмգƽƫƧĵطҲܻ˿ų·ҲһֱЩɣΪӢʲô֮Ը¶棬ȴĬĬıңҵһֱϣҲֱۣǰְִ绰ңһУҲһ㰲ŵģ裬лл㡣
˵ŷһ
㲶µ棬ԽԽ¶ϲ֮ɫ̾һ棬ͽܶ¾Ͳٿǿ𣿡
ҧҧӣȴû˵
ͬʵģʱ˵ͷ棬Ȼ㻹֪޷Ȱģ㣬֪֪ң鷳
治תĻҲһͷ֪ңΣյʱ򡣡
ص㣬벻ְ֣ԸԸ⸶ۡ
¶˼񣬵Ȼ룬뷲ҵĶŮְ֣ңİսⳡΣѵģҪԼҲϧ
⻰̲ס߹ȥͷúӣǰְֵĽ
صã棬Ӧ֪ЩģЩ߱ģҴӦ㣬ֻҪ㲻ͽܶ飬ȫң֣ҲңɹѹأԸԸ⣬ҿԺȷĸ㣬Ѿ˺ܾļƻ
û뵽ػʱһĬѾ֪ʽˣҲ׷ӵеĲǾ޶ĲƲһ಻Ϊ֪ʵܹϴóģԼղ˵ܹϸףңİգԼҲȫĳŵҪԼӢܣһ֪ԼɷĻǳǳʹࡣ


ĵ377¡Ĳ
ԥ֮ʱһʱԱĬȻӢܺȻվ˳򷿺ص裬һ¡
õһ֣æܶʲôֻ˵һ뷨
ӢܵҪٱ棬ȻȫңնҲĶϱҲйϵ
˵⻰棬ҲѾһȥ飬һһ仰ʱ䣬׷㣬Ҹܹܵİǹƽģб˳ߣҲϲȻʹ࣬ףġ
ĬĬѾỨ˸⶯ӣҲ΢΢ƺ˵ʲôû˵ֻĵ˵ͷ
Ӣ棬лл㻹Ըһᡣ
ʱֻͷĸ׵裬㵽ʲôƻңⳡΣ
ؼˣȻ޷ҪʲôȥɳϣҪĻҪ˵ˣ͸£ȴʶӢܺԶȥ
ǸµŮˣʱҲٶ˵ϻ֪Lϱ˫𣿡
սһֻϹ滹ıڶ뷲ɭλãһ֮˫ҪҪ
ҡҡͷϢѾһʱõɿϢڶ뷲ɭ̸ϣ˫ﵽЭ顣ɭӦϷ˰ڶҲͬⷲɭڼ뽻ⳡ̣Ѿٴˡ
Ӣһ໥һۡжһʵڲһϢڶûк֮ǣͻὫҪľӶңزƸϣɱңҪѶȾͻǳҲǳˡ
ؼɫ֪ڻʵ׼ǳϣLϱ˫һ̣ԽԽãڵļƻǳǲǣ
˵ͷҵЩƻҲֻ޸ˡ
صа취ڶ뷲ɭ·أ
ˣҲһŵݣҵҪˡ
һЦҵǰҲˣʲô֪ܶһģ㣬ĸ׵ģȻҪȫԼĶӡ
ӢĸĻӿλеĸ׵ȷ˱仯ô飬ʼᵽûеõĸʱǧȴ޷˵ֻ裬лл㡣
ӵг˸飬οһЦȻܶ㻹ǲǵ˵ɱȡĵλҲҪǿѾⰲһ·
Ӣ᲻ǵã˵ͷǵã㻹˵¶櫶ȥִȥˡ
صֹѪؾ󲿷˶ȥִȥˣѾֹͣеİɱס
ӢԣҲǰ裬㵽׸Ұŵһʲô·
ûֱӻش𣬶ǵ֪֪ܶɭΪʲôֹͣڶｻ˰
ӢܵҲLǺ˵Ϊ֣ɭòǮˡ
ҡҡͷЦֻǷɭĽڣҪǱپӶ࣬һʢԸÿڶϷȨ˰ˣԵǳ࣬ɭҲûа취˸ڶ˰Ҫ󡣡
Ӣ֪ԭ򣬵裬ʲôţ
صɭѾˣȡλãʵѡҲ㣬ܶҳŷɭڴбóѪȫǱ˾Уÿһ˾٣һ־ӣ͵ȥˡ
û뵽ػ᲼һ壬֮˽ǾѵʵϲصҰĻ˴󣬾ȡɭLȨ
Ӣ뵽ĸLʵҪԼɭҲȷ쿪뵽һ£æأôģѵҲ˾
ҡҡͷȻûм뷲ɭľǳҪ㵽LѶһӣ˵İϵһжҪԼˡ
˵ֶɭϲ±ͲڶսĲ٣ܶҵ˰ټԼӦ䣬ⳡսĻỹǺܴӢȫԻˮ㣬Ƚɭȡ֮кõĻδزڶһ̣ܹ֮ܶʤң֮ΣȻɽ⡣
Ȼһ̾أ֣Ҳòܹܶɹĳɾ͵ȷԶԶĳˡ
سĬһ󣬲ӢܵܶҸ㰲ŵĵڶ·ҲľеڹȥһԥĽȥִƻڣϣԼҪ·ǳΣգɹػҲ㲻ȥҲûϵǾ̽緢չҾͲƾ첻һҵҵ۹
Ļ䡣ӢܹܺϵĵȥLһҪȥң˵ȷõĻᣬҼʹȡ˷ɭҲ뷨ñϾһң׼
ص˵ͷܶȻˣȥɣģҲ̫ΣյģѾLĸܻΣʱʱ
Ӣһ裬쵽LİʲôʱأϸŪһƱ
ضӢܴУѾϸϸˣĳɵĻȡɭȻڶͣΪһ֮ԣڶסľȨʹLϱͳһػȴһɡϷǱվǳıƾӵؾ飬ܹǰᵽΣյźųԼ׼طɻߵģ˾ΣգҲԴĽͣȽϣȫǿһԵģĳԹȻķ£лϣԼĶܹΪһɹԻ͵ˣҾȥLҲһμңĶսʱֻ¸ΣգֱӵLȥԼѾúõԴѰһðȫ
ͷУֱ׶źеģLľʱӦûʲô⡣
лһֱĬĬǵĶԻӢܴӦȥLʱԼߵŮɫ΢䣬Ҳһ˸֪лˣȻܶҪߣȥкܴΣգҲΪ֣Ϊңİգ㡭»ٿǿǰɡ
ĬӢȴվһϰλȻǳƭģǴĿԵģұҲ¿ʼֻǿûʱˣ棬Ȼ˵ΪңԼôԸɣҲɡ
˵նױȵţ̲סȻû˵Ȧȴĺˡ
ӵĻ˵ôǲ飬Ҳæվ˵˵ʲôģҲǸ߹Ҫʱ⣬ֻҪΣյͷ֪ͨĻǻں̵ܶʱͽɳL
Ӣ΢΢һЦ裬߰ɣ棬һȥ
һ̾ܶȻ˫Ѿͬ⣬ְֵҲҲ޻˵ˣӢܼϼĿǰҪϢҪ飬÷з½֪һһλѴǵȥЭ飬ܹܿꡣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ뷿뿪ķ䣬˳
¥¡ûỨܿ粵ȳ׼ʱӦս񣬶߹ȥǣס붡֣ϱߣ˵˵Ҫһʱ䣬ͬ𣿡
֪ڵķѾΪǣϱ֮ҲȷҪһͷðɣնȥʰһ¶ǵߣҪһЩ
붡ҲеصȵһμʱҪº࣬ͰζҪ÷ظеԼĹТ˳е֣֮ӶʹǹȥضԹԹôһ˵͸߸˵ĴӦţ˫˫¥ûһ͸һµƤˡ
زҶӢܰλ񣬵˳ϡӢܾ˼ʻϣûԱߣŶŮǵм䡣
ӺܿͳϼŵסլӢܵ裬ʲôطȥ
ŶŮֵȥѩúͳٻʹһס
ô˵붡ʱϲոǿĵЦţ̫ˣסһá
˵뵽һ£ɫϧ㻹ԴˣԴ磬Ǹղ¥Ϻ̸Щʲô
ӢĸԸǺ߳ʹסһҲһĸˣиףԼҪLȥˣһ߲֪ʲôʱܻҪԼչЩŮˣԼģмĸһۣյĻն»ȥ˵кҪҪǡ
˭֪һ⻰̾ʲôҪ£Դ磬ǲҪȥˣҪòŻ
Ӣֻõµȼѩٻ˵ˡ
˵⻰ͲٶȴĸڲͣŶŮңһЩ붡򶼾ϸĸ
һ󣬾͵Ӣѩõıسѩõǰѩõסˣ귿Ȼϵڵ绰֮У滹ǵһΣزû˵ѩȴѾ֪ܿͻָ˳̬ߵǰʺã΢Цк
Ҷٻֻ֪Ӣһǳпĸףһº͵طأֻԼΪ죬æʺ򣬷ҲЦ˵һ󻰣Ҷٻ֪ԼδʵڶѾΪ˽ˡ
ӶȥһӢܲһͽѾҪԼҪ뿪йǰL˵˳
ϢԼŮ˵Ȼϲ£Ҳ֪ң£ӢܲһֱԼһ𣬵û뵽ֱӻ֮죬û뵽ӢܾȻͬ顣
յһͷԹӢôӦһʱ嶯˵ĻѩøмͬṲһҲǼȰӢܸı⣬ȥ棬Ҷٻ붡нһȥѰӢܵ飬ҲԸ⿴龰ȫȰ˵ӢܣӢܲ˵ֻǳĬԶԡ
ӢûзӦŮȻҲ޿κΣ뵽ҪȥһޱȼΣյʹֿʼֻԸ񣬶ȰLͷ
ؿŮɫһζȰοǷģԼͰţӢ̫ܲΣյģŮҲ֪زԼΨһӵЦв΢һɣ뵽ƽʱӲӣ㲻ͣǧҪӢۣνɽڣûա
еΣգҪĸ׼ķɻ뿪취ң
ӢŮǵ飬ͷӦš
ھҪ룬һҶԸ˯Ӣ죬ؾȻҲûȥޣһֱţҲ˼ԼһЩȥ̸к֮⡣
ŮģȻĪӢܵ׵˭ˣ̲ס𣬵Ȼֻ˵Ӣܷģܿͻ֪ġ
Ӣ뵽ĸ˵ԼѾʧ˼꣬β֪ĸǸŮˣҪǲ˵Լô׷ʶ޷Ŀڵģĸ׵ĻУѾԿ϶ԼĸһǸĳзǳҪ
֪һҹȻȥɫѾ书Ķ򣬷ءաҶٻѩö¶ƣ֮ɫ˵ĻҲ
ʱӢֻܵȴģСʱ֮һһȥְ
Ӣܱĸ뼸ŮϴȥЪϢһԼȴȥͷ¡
Сʱ֮󣬹ȻһͨĽγͣ˱水ȡ
Ӣ˳ȥȴǰһˡ
˼Ӣܣæӭ֣ԼaʡֵĹԱίУܵĸǰ
ӢкѾںˣţԱߡ
ʱɫÿƺҲһҹδߣӢʶĽһһã岻ԸӴ
Ӣܼ״жʱһ̾ԼֻԹޣǲͬģѾԼʧȥΣԼβάְŦûǿһ𣬱˵棬ԼҲῪģ׼˻֮淢µ׷еԼģ»ΣϧϾҪȥ£ʱûˣֻϣﲻֱǵˡ
һ·ĬĬ޻ȴȥһϤСݣӢ࣬Ȼ˵¥һİ칫ң׼õһЭó˿ǩ֡
˼ŮֶƲЭȻûʲô⣬Ӣܺԥǩֵ֣ʱűʵֿʼ΢΢ûкܿʡ


 378¡;
ӢܼԥҪ˵ٿǿǵĻߣûгڣ벻飬ҪȫľοǣҲԸټγŤĻһ˶еѹĻϣȻ¿ʼˣԸٸԼҲˡ
һƺ˾ģЭǩ֣ȴֳãȻ֮ɫ
Э˳ȥһ󣬾ɫСӹֱ𽻵˵ϣܣС㣬Ѿȫ꣬ڿʼѾǷˣģѾҴк¾ֵ˲࣬б֪ġ
һ˵ţһ˳ȥ
Ӣַ֤˷͹ˣ֤飬ֱ΢ţͲŷȴ˺һӵ㶣һվ̾һ˫ȴᣬ˳¡
ӢƵҲ벻ٲ˵ˣȥ棬ʵڲԸʧȥһӣҲϣٸһᣬٹСʱҾҪLȥˡԼء
תĬĬӢܣûֻ֡һ˫˵Ӣܡ֪֪˵ԸҵʱغܸжͷûһҾͻĻأֻΪ˲ںңҺļٻغ¡
Ӣ֪ȫģŹԼ֪֮һһ޷Խعĵͷף棬ʲô˵ˣףһжҵĹΪɽһ֪ô㣬ңţһһҵġ
滺ĵ˵ͷϣɣҲϣܹҵȥָоҵȥǸֵȫεӢܡ
Ӣԣһϲ͵סֵ棬ӦˣӦٸһˣ
ĳȥûдӦʲôҲܵңLȥػҲȥȻĸ׸׼һЩ̨ףǻԶԶĴҲǳΣգϣţô˵նҵãҲԸԶģѩáٻǶ㣬ӦԼΡ
ӢϺȻֳ֮ɫҵȻ֪ԼΣǣ棬ˣңжǧİգǾڶЩ˵ĲƸӶб˽ңŮ˽̣ҲΪ๤ѹեѪūҾĿһз
ĬĬ¶˾֮ɫӢܣô˵һӢۣҴңİлл㣬ǵĹѾΣգƺΪǲ
ӢҡҡͷңİգLİգ棬ʵ˵ҴСLLҲҵĹ磬ĸܣƶʹ࣬иĵԴÿȴҪǧˣʵǱңİոҪȥҪȥƶµƶȣҹȥֻѹᣬһҪһԣƷڶĻʲһɣһɻᶼûС
û뵽һӲӢܾȻ׳־ģ˵Ҿӹһ˿ܿͺϽӢܣǲӲ֪ҲȴĲҪˡ
ӢѿڽԼӢܡʱޱȣҲӿһů΢΢Цǰôģ棬ϲϲ
Խ΢Цﲻ͵סȦһ죬ѾݺݵǰһȻĻ޵ղԥΪʲôֹҡ
ӢܸͷҲֹ㣬Ϊ֪һ㣬ָҵΣȥĶʧ
ͷôţ
Ӣܵ˵ͷܿ϶ĵǡ
һ˲䣬汾ͺܴķ߶ʱˣ̧ͷƺȥܿʶʲôƿӢܣͷͷԼָЩˡ̧ͷӢܡҲΪһΰˣңLİ˵飬ն˵ȴǸˣҪʼΪĵ֪ʲôʱǾͷ
Ӣ뵽հԼŮǣûип΢΢һ̾ˮŶ룬˾Ҫ˸顣
ҧҧ촽һ˾Ҫ˸顱˵һˡ飬ȴŮ˸㡣㣬һµˡ
ӢЦ档Ǻһµ˷֣Ҳˡ
汾һǿŮˣղһʱʧأ¶˿Ѿʼָ˵Լ˵ͷǰǲȥجˡ
ʱӢ뵽һ£棬֪һܳŮˣŰԼʵ뷨㣬ϣ㲻Ҫն˵̫ġ
΢΢˵ͷ֪ͺãЩġ
ʱ˽ܣС㣬ǻҪȥҿǰɡ
֪ﲻһ˵Żһ߾͸˳ȥ¥ĳ
ӢܵҪ£Ƚͻ˱ȻٰӢ˻ȥ
Ӣ߽ȴĸԼŮǶڲƺĿϣȻû˯
Ӣܽ£յһԴ磬͡𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣѾ治ҵˡ
ʱȴЦǾͲǣڲǣѵͲˣ㣬Ǽһʲô֤˵ѩýٻ㣬Һǰþ
ҶٻҲЦŵǰֻǺһѾˣȥ£ǻǰᵽǴһرȥסҲҪᣬǽüסһ𣬶˵ûﱾ㣬һתġ
˵뵽ղǾƺɫȻһ죬ָָصǺġ
ľѱ䣬ںů£ԭѾԽԽԵô飬ЦһͷǰնǣţţĽУŹֱŤģǽ裬ѩٻȻ㻹ûз֮Ѿ˷֮ʵҲѾ϶ˣɴ඼ôңסһӦҲЩ
Ҷٻѩ˵ûз֮Ѿ˷֮ʵʱʱ˼ĵͷȥȴЦԴ磬š˵ȥL鲼úãһʱǾһС͵Ļһ޸㣬ǻɴƯҺûҲҪһΡ
ӢܿŮһɵӣ֪һĸ׸Ǳ֤ʲôȫףĸLĲ֣ʵҪͶл뷨ɭڶȡ֮Σգ̳ɻߣ򲻻뵽Լҵһɵ룬һΣյϵ͸
Ȼ˵Լʵ뷨Ը⽫ÿһεŪŮģҲЦðһκĴŮ飬ҿ˵ʷҸˡ
ҶٻʱЦ򱨵Ҳˡ˵ȢʷŮˣ﹫С㣬ӹ񡣱Ŷ̫ˣܡ˵ʮĸţػʵʲôʹǧҲС׼ˡ
ûм򱨵ԼߺʲôʷŮˡϹ˵Ҳܺÿв˿ûпҪǶЦŮҲҪԵƽǿأһͰְЦƵˣÿ
ˣһְǸ֣ǸƭŮ˵ĸ֣ƯŮ˱ˣᱻŪ֡
һԾ˵ˣֵѩý㡢ٻ㡢Ҳرǳٻ㣬ȥôһһñ۵ģ۾ˮģ̫ÿˡ
Ҷٻ֪˵Լڵʱһ۾Ĺ棬ЦʲôնãҪױһһӰʦҪƬţҿе·һҪᡣ
ôһ˵еŮ˶ЦҲ΢΢ЦЩϱ⣬Ӣܼĸ׵ɫдοĸܰĻ֮£ȥһЩһᱻȫɢġ
ʱ뵽һ£裬ƱûУ
ص˵ͷѾˣĵȵBУȻתL㵽źл֮Ѷͻ㣬£ġ
ѶӢ˵ܴʱʦุҲи飬ԲɵõðҲóʱûмѶˣҪúõĺ
صܶѶȥLеĺֲУͨɱ˵ֶΣ侲֮һֱĹȫţѪˣȻȫģѲ⣬Ҫ۶
ӢܵͷӦһ
һ󣬾ͣȻŮæŸӢʰƷڹʱÿһ˶Ӣ˶һƤװ£ӢܱһһȻǽƤġ
ûһ󣬾͵ʱ䣬Ѿ˵绰˵ҪУ˵лҪǰȥ
˻Ѿˣĺ滹棬ӢܼҲԼУҲǸˣʱ䣬Ų꣬һ»صĻеġ
һĳ࣬Ӣܣ̵ܶ
˵ŻԱߵһȥӢܱ
ڿһƧĵطãŮд˿뿪ܶλLȥôģ
ӢܵȾڶ뷲ɭ֮ĦӾ磬ȻǴ
˵ͷһҪģܶѵû𣿡
Ӣһֱӻش𣬶ǵ֣ΪӦʲô롣
ܶҪ㾡ȫȥͳһLһӦҲ£֪LյԶңҪһǴµľѡ㡣Ӣܡ
ӢܼԼ뵽һȥˣҲԼ뷨һͷ֣סLȷҪһη츲صر仯ˣҲһܺõľ֣ʹػᡣ
Ӣܵɫ֪Ѿ룬϶ʱ¶ϲ֮ɫܺáܺãԭѾ뷨ҾͲöѴˣܶ㲼һܺõľ֣һ͵ĺ󱲣Ͼûеŵ㣬ټĸ׵ش죬ô˵෽ѾˣһֱиоĳɾҲ֮ϣ츳ΣҲֻܹɣܶҿػԻ͡
ĻӢҲѪڣ֣ģһᾡȫġ
˵ͷɫȻҪʹôΣսԶԶĸ׵ԤƣңľҪյö࣬ܶˣʵԸȥðա
Ӣ֣ңǧգŽսҵľ棬뵽ԼİΣ뵽ûУ
ҲĬĬ΢΢һЦȴٶ˵ˣֻǵܶƻģȥɭ뷨ӽȡ֮ңʱ֮󣬶ڶһ𷢶ܹһǰܵУδֵܹסͳһLĻᣬͺܴˡ
ӢҲܣͷã֣ǾһŬԻ͵ҵ
ûлشֻԼ֣ӢסһЦĺʱл
Ȼ´ƣƽҲϵȻٶ˵ʲôӢܱ˳ȥȴŮһ죬ȴֻöһߴš
˿ǻʱѾˣӢܱȥ׼밲ͨŮҲòˣӢܵLܹ֮ͨ绰Եúɣֻ֪Ӣܵ׳־ģһȥΣأѲ⣬ЩȻ֮ɫ
ڽ밲ͨһ̣Ӣĸ׼ԼŮ˵˱Ȼ֣û˵ֵӢܣԼأҲףɹְ˵ĳɾͽңϣˣҲȫ㾺ġ
ӢЦЦ˵ͷ
ʱҲӢܣϣLܹƽ
Ӣȥһգȴеֽ飬֪ЩʲôǲԸ˿ͲɫȻ˿
ٴλ˻֣ˣӢܾƤ˰ͨȻ˷ɻͷȲ
ûãɻˣӢڴߣaʡԽԽСĸֽԼֽ˳ȴһžǩֽѾ۵һС飬Ĵ˿ȴһۣһоֶʱӡǲǷޣΪ˱˲ȥҲеڶˡ
һгųеּӢܵ΢΢һ£ӿȵȻ޷ԼƭйȻԼǣҪⳡּѵжѣϣôϣԼκεһŮô˲̫˽ҲǹŴľҪŮһᣬǣϣǶܹҸΪԼʧȥھȪ֮£ҲŲ
мһӢֿʼ侲ʱٳڶŮ鳤֮ˣӦ˼LⳡɾԼĻԻͣҲܿʧȥҵΪңİգΪLȫԸ
˼УһСʱ֮󣬷ɻ׶BУLȥתѾƱˣںҵСʱֱLķɻȴֻϡϡʮˣ֪LƵĲȶȥLĻѾڿʼ룬˻޷ƱĻƱҲĸ͸ġ
***********************************************************Сʱ֮󣬷ɻѾĽL׶źеĻӢƤڻĺ̾ͼеģ΢΢ƫݣһѶ֪ģӢܺȻѪ˵Ȼ̫񣬵ı飬оųɵĽӽ
Ѷ˿ҲӢܣûԳʲô飬ƽ߹һӢܵţֳЩˣӺˡ
ӢܴСƺûмѶէϲէǵɫ˵ʵڴСøֲпķѵȥٻЩη֮ģô£κվǰҲܶ˿ѹˡ
ԼѶӢܻкǿиУ§ļѶּˣ⼸㶼𣿡
ѶӢܶԴԼȹȥЩ΢΢ҡҡͷϰ壬ϰѾ㾡㰲һᣬϣ㲻ҪʧŶԡ


 379 ׸
ӢѶƺԼϰ塱滹ЩϰߣʱѾ˱仯ȷҲѶϰˣЦЦȻѶȥȻ֪Ǵϰ壬ҲпܾͻΪϰ壬СʱϸʲôǵһңͲҳ֮󻳺𣿡
Ѷͷƺӹһ˿Ц⣬ϻĵ轫ҵʱҾѾ۲㣬һţѵҲӦ衣
Ӣ֪Ǹб¶жˣ£ĸ׵ȷҲ޷ǿЦѶһûʧɡ
ѶСӢ֪ܳȥҲǺЦģƺѾת䣬ܹɵɭȡλãûʧ
Ӣܼ˵ˣҲѶôŵģ
Ѷûֱӻشֻǵϰ壬ϳĻڳ˵
ӢܾûʣѶ˺ͣȻһڶϷȨռǵľüճ
һϳѶʹӿȡһƤ˿óһǹӢܡţûɲС
Ӣܽӹһȴʷ˹˾ġ챪ǹ̻ͨǹҪߡ
Ѿþûǹˣֹ⻬ĽǡĴ˱գָҲѾ˰ϣʵһֳ嶯ҪҸʲôĿһ
ʱѶѾٵűȥһСʱ֮Ѿźʮ๫ˡʱȻһƧĵطͣȻĻɫпˣرģӢܶʱȻǿĸϣýɫСƤ
Ѷ˺СĽɫƤȡӢܵϰ壬ĸLеѪڽˣҪôãԼ
ӢȴеһƤȴдһЩ˵LĵλԼϵʽÿһ˵ĺ滹һЩעͣӢϸ˿֪Щ˶ѪԼسУĸײûҪǵǮǷԼһ飬պ衣ЩмLĸҲԱоʿжʱпĸײȱһУһ壬ȻΪԼ׼ˡ
ȴ򿪵ڶƤȴȫÿһѪԱľϵʽӢŵһ˽⵽ԼСΪ֮Ч֯ȴԱʮˣѶһĽֻ̹ʮˣĶԼ¶͡Ͳࡣ
ӢĵĵȻԼĻ¶櫵ɿķţʱ˰¶͵֣ȴ潫ɳһж¼ˣÿһжı֣дѾLıӣȴξѾǷɭʦУӪҺܵ˾ʶǰ
ȥ櫣ȴǰؼ¼¶Ͳ࣬棬ȴһԭһұҹܻᳪ衣
Ѷ֪ڷʲôص¶櫵Ǵϰ԰ŵģǶúܲҪ˶ãǾͻˡ
ӢʵҰԵ񾹻ĻȻĸİţȻĵѶ˵¶ͶòܹӦģһǿŮӣͬʱҲǸǳǿŮӡ
֪ƤҪѶҪ˽ҲԼϡ
Ѷʱϰ壬Ҫϵȥ㿪ҿ죬ɣ˽Lĵ·
Ӣܵ˵ͷѶλãǰʻȥЩϤĵ·ʱȻ˹ȥֿҰĸоӴţٵ֮һ㣬ǰһı˺档
һ·֮ϣκεĵ飬͵LϱֽĿ³Уԭڷɭĵ̣ȴڶռȥʱֵѾûʲôգȫǺǹʵĵϷʿҲʱԿ̹װ׳һŵƣɭȻѾڶ˳ĺͽЭ飬ڶﲢû˷ɶԱĽ䱸
ʱ³и·Ѿ˸ڣѶ׼֤ͨһ·ǳͨ衣
ֵ˽⣬ȻѾϡȴӵĲѾԽԽܼҴ̽յƣӦõǰߡ
Ѷָ£ӢܽһСûþͼһ׵ѶָָͣȻ³ȥ
ʱ߳һʮֺ꣬ݵӣѶû˵ֻһȻӢܿȴǱˮ
ѶǱˮӢһףȻ߰ɡ
һ˵ţһѾ򶫱߶ȥ
ӢҲûжʣǱˮںš
ûãѶʹӢһƬ«έȻת򱱣㵽һԼ׿ĺӵߣ˰ο«έȴӵϲͣĴ̽յƵͧ
ԣϢػǱˮǹƷȴһƤװš
ȵͧĿ϶˱ˮУȻǰȥ
ʮ֮󣬾͵˶԰ӢѶ̽ͷ׼ᡣϰȥһƬïܵ֡
»·֣ԼӡͼǰһƬ̽յƵ⣬ֳһĹ£ʱɼŸֿͷڶǹڣȴǵ˱ӵǰء
Ѷָָϰ壬ﲼξǣǳѪˣǵҪϷȥҪĹжŵţȫʶңֱӾܹȥ
Ӣܵ˵ͷѾߵЩǰ棬̾̽յȻûʲôӦ
һѶѾӢ˹ȥһʿ˵ʿͷɿȥʮ֮󣬾һűξװ˹ˡ
ӢҲʮ꣬ȻҲͰ¶һĸL¶ȴһ̾ȻĸĿģյĽЩ¶һĶ˲ţһĸ׶ǵȷдء
ǼѶһȴһ𾴡
ѶһͷҵʿԶˣһָӢܵǣǴϰĶӣҲڵϰ壬һжҪָӣ𣿡
űԼ߳ͷҲӢܣƺЩãȻһ񣬵ϰ塣
Ѷɫǣ֪ϰȥ˭𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪
ѶǡӰ
ѵأһֱƽѶôһ˵ɫʱһ䣬¶ޱȵسݾӢܣЩĵӰǡӰǳѪصһɱ֣LŷɥжûʧֵġӰ
Ӣ֪ӰLǸƣû˲֪΢΢һЦ˵ͷ
Ǽͷɫ˷ˣϰ壬ԭģӰԭǴϰĶӣ̫ˣ̫ˣǣʲô
˵ȥӢ֣ܵƺЩҡ
Ӣܼ״ȴһס֣ЦǣȥLҲеǶǺʹͬĳɼӦǴҵģεҵȷһܴؼƻҲҪҵİ
ǿΰɽ˵ЦݣֻޱȣԼģӰǲͬľֹ̬ȴһʱ崺硣˼η壬ȴ˼Уػʱ־һһ֣Ȼĵϰ壬ʲô㾡ܷԸָǾʹҪһüͷͲˡ
Ӣܼú͵ľˣҲܸˣǵļͷãǾһƴһҵ
ǱҲѪգг徢ͣӢܣϸ˷ܣͷ
ѶһֱĬĬع۲Ӣ̸ֹܵԼȥʶǸġӰʵ˺ܴظı䡣ĸı䣬Ѿһɱɱһܹµľʵˣ鲻Խӹһ˿Ժɫ
ʱˣǣúõĴţϰʲôµжƻ֪ͨġҪȵȥˣǰһ
ǸϽͷȻǰȥһЩӵ֮ع¡͵һż׵Ӫһʿһüչ
ӢѶҲ˵˳ȻӢܼʻǻ˻֣ţǰĹ·ȥ
򱱼Уһ·Խ߰ԵúĳУ֮󣬱㵽ȵУ;ҲͣоǰߵӢϸ۲ţȴӵĻеҪϷ٣̹װ׳Ѿƾ󣬶ȻżɼսӰӣҲǱúܣڶЩȻûзչãȴʾ޴󣬴Ū˲̭װ˫Ҫٴ꣬ӵȷᱻȫܣԤҪɭȡ֮ԼһĻᣬҪȡڶʵһɵذնûУţѪĳԱڱҪϱһͳȥɱڶҲУϷӣϷеĽηмӣҷһѶȾ̫ˡ
ȵLźڶУҲǱȨ׸һоȻĳһ˽ֵһЩһЩĮľһ̵ҲѾţǵĲǴҴҶ׵͵꣬һЩŵ̵ȥҲ࣬źҲв硣սƻڰǵϿգûǳ׷ġ
ӢȵȺüΣľҲǰ̾ң಻Lķ֮һȻƼĽԶԶ󣬵еķ˿ڵܼȴԶԶL֮ϣңĿǰԼжǧ˿ڣLϱ˫ǽһ˿ղ飬Ҳδسң٣ңLȣձôһ˶٣һٵضܹ࣬ʵϱͳһһ¾סܶȣùڷḻԴƼлΪһ˾סĹҵġ
Ѷָ·ڴϹ˼䣬ͣһҾư棬ѶӢ˽ȥʱ磬ȴԼƽ׵ľưϡϡֻˣȴľʿ֡
ưɵϰһеĺѶӣѶЦӭѶ˽ᣬȥҵµֲҲǳѪĽ̹֮һ
˯ǰӢҪᲾһ£Ⲽһӡ󣬼ǵѪԱ˵ͷ
ǲᵽѶǰѶ̽ӢܸˣȻ֪Ѷˡһ˾ǳѪͷɱ֣ӰǰһΪԼϰ壬ҲһϽϹȻ˺һСȥ¡žͶ˿ȡ
ѶӢܺڿȣϰ壬һ׼ô죿
ӢܵڵϤҲäĿˣ¶櫣ϵһ¡
Ѷ櫵һſԼǰ¶ͣǵȷԼˣǷɭװųƲӵĵʦУӪ֮⣬ڳѪôԱıΪɫСһͬϵ÷ǳãҺʹϰ嶼ܿҲΪܹΣʲô£Ժ
Ӣܶһ𳤴ҲǺиأ¶ͱСꡣΪԼĵܵһ˽¶֪͡˷ǳ¸֮⣬ǴҲԼ·𡣵ȷԼѵ֣±ͷúãð¶ԶԶ
Ѷʦȵʮﴦ¶ͺܹܿ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹͨ˵绰ֻһ¶̵ưӢܻˣ
¶ƺڵ绰ӦţѶ͹Ҷ˵绰
ʱҲ˾Ϳʼ˱Ӣ֪ϱ˫̸ֳµı仯ڶҪɭһ֮ڽľȨȫԱȻţɭıϯλԱζŷɭܿգֻһտӣȻԸ⣬ֻҲ֪Ӳƴ򲻹ڶս˾ʲôòԥ֮С
ӢϢȴףڶɵɭˣֻǹȥʵ̫㣬Ϲڹĸ棬ݻĽת۶ʮȥڶѾ㹻׼ԸɭңصһƽҲѾ˵ģٸɭᣬҪһͳLԸһʵͳվڶĽǶȿҲȷöˣҪģϹڹٳ棬ɭֻҲԶˮȲ˽ˡ
ڷɭˣабᣬ۲һֻ֪һʸϵؾˣСС̣ܶǳ¸ңԺܵòµӵLǰͳάµ½˾ʱУҵõ֧֣ʮ͵ٽڶ﷢ƷάȨ֮ڱ˶ȥ˵ڹԼԸڶڹڶҲģԸһͳLǮַ֧ɭһϷǴڶңϹƲڶ룬ֻǺĸ棬˲
˫øԵƴ֣Lս죬ڶʵȻҪǿһЩŵã¶ҪټڹסţҲѰԲ˵ڴ˺ЩϹĶ֮£̸ϻϱơһж˵ɭҲһƽ֮ҸҪǣڶɫ̰˵Դӷ˵ò̱ڴֻ֮ҪпգҪԸ˰ĦȫʮûдκεţLľԱʵѵˣڹϵڶҪõöࡣ
˼ŶԷɭӡ󣬾һ󼱴ٵƤѥž
һǰ¶͵ˡ
һ˵ţһȥţһ򿪣˵Ӣܻڲ棿
Ӱһ߽һľòʣӢǰ¶͡
Ӣվӭȥȥһǰһ¶ͣһڻò
¶ӢܣҲ¶˾ϲ֮ɫһӾӵסӢܣˣ˵ڱ߾ϳ£䲻Һ櫶ĵ˯žѶҪȥ㣬˵û£ŷģ벻»ɵûɡ
Ѷʱ¶ͣһҪ㣬ӢǴϰĶӣҲǵϰ壬ǵһжҪķԸ񡣡
Ѷһϯ¶͵ĶУɫʱһӢܣӹһ˿⣬ѪƶɭϣҶʣܿ͵ͷϹϰ塣
ӢܹһЦİ¶͵ļ¶ͣǵĽ˲ͬұ̫
¶ȴһȻôУǳѪ˽ľǾԷӣϰ壬Ҿ£͹ȥǲһģû뵽ǴϰĶӣֲãֲôСѧĶҺҪࡣ
ӢЦЦͣǺȵԼµ¶ͣһһܴļƻϣܹΪõ֡


 380 ټ櫣1
¶ӢԼ̵֣ϰ壬ʲô¾ܷԸ¶һȥɵġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ¶ͣ㣬Ҫ뱱ӣôã
¶΢һ˼ȥμҹ硣
Ӣܵʲôҹ磿
¶͵ҹǱԼŪ˽˾ۻᣬֻ׼Уϵľٲμӣн棬μߴԼһȥ֪ǵʦҲҪμӣңʦĿǰ˲ţҰȥҪܹע⣬ܹˡ
Ӣ֪¶ڵĵʦǷɭΪƾӣڹȥϱսսװҲģ˱ʦʦһֻٽʦȴнΣڱеλܸߣܹʶȻӦ䣬Ҳһ飬±˵ͷãڶǾˣ¶ͣҺһȥ
˵Żǲ˽ϰ壬Ѷ¶ͣʱ䲻ˣѾ׼ͣ԰ɡ
Ӣܱվã¶ͣͣһȥ櫣Ӧþɡ
¶һͷǵģ棬櫵ı仯ֻܴϲˡ
ӢܵŶҸһЩˡ
һ˵Żһߵ棬ȴѾһӰ̵ţšȲȣмƿĺơĿǰʶȱLǱȽϷḻˡ
ͣɫѾڰưɫ޺Ʋͣ˸ţʼ˽һ룬ŮŮУвһЩű¶طɧŮӡ
Ӣڹ۲Щ˿ͣϰ塣ȾĴǾһЩͼְԱҲв˾ĹԱ⻹Щ˵ļŮԴϱ˫Խĵ̶ˡϵ⵹Ǻõó档
ӢĬĬĵ˵ͷȴǰ̾LȷһֱȻϹһԱΧĹڶϷȨھϻǿܹһڹ⣬ľַͲ̫ԶˣǮزˣһǸ߼ٻߵҪһ־һЩ׼Lҵǰǽһ˰ɿ˾Աһ˾ǱصĺᣬرǾ̡ΪеĸʢУʵǴ󷢺ƣưɵȻͣL˵׬˶Ǯƽʱֻܺڣŵؾƣҵ̷׷׹ҵҲ۷ǣԷҲˣ˵ĳѣһۡ
п֮䣬ֹһ󣬾ưѾʼֵŮ˷ݵЦ
¶վϰ壬߰ɣǵȥӦϰˡ
ӢҲ櫵ױʲôӣðɣߡ
Ѷ飬ϰ壬һֱӻؾưѾ㰲ס
Ӣܵ˵ͷ͸¶ʹԽȺ˳ȥһͣ·ߵľȻȵеʻȥ
һ·֮ϣȴֵԱȰҪ࣬εضЩ׳ӣٿˣСڸŮǲ٣ȫЩվڽֱ͵ļŮһŵվţһŨױĨͿźۣ֬ȻѾЩˣһĶú٣ˣΧ˹ȥͣеĸɴѣ¶˸ʵ鷿ϣһ϶г
Ӣڳһᣬ֪ЩŮļǮ͵ÿͲһͨйһĹʣ޷ҵҲֻпЩŮԭʼʱһԷǮˣ棬ڻ˵߳ܣʵ̫΢ˡ
һЩ˲ͣŮǵ鷿ƨɣ޼ɵţѡһʻƷһӢоLԽԽƶԽԽ䣬һܷĲˣۿſϡʵҪȭⴰǿھʱľѾӵļᶨңİLİ˵LİʵҪҪ׸ıǵһ˻ţҲת˲һ飬ôһȥҲһͣһԹȹ˯ķˡӢܲķˣܡ
Ӣų֮⣬ĬĬ˼ţһöﵽĿĲݵѾֲУһ˲䣬ûȥЩҸϵԼϵŮˣûȥԼеֻһҵһܹǧˣȻǵҸҵһΰҵ
¶ͿһУƺѾľˣϺޱ飬ֻǼӴǰʻţתֺ󡣾͵ģһƬƺ̣žӪҲؽֵҪһЩбžǹڲͣѲšҲЩվֵļŮˡ
¶ͽͣһ棬һźɫƷӦǰ
Ӣȥ̧ͷǴԼʮߣ޴˸ŸֵƹĹдšҹܻᡱ֡ȻȵмΣÿζִ񣬴ҴҶȻҴ뿪¶١⡰ҹܻᡱҲжţ֪Ƿ˿ġǱֳԡȡΡĶԡǳһԱͼٶǲġֵܹطꡣǲ
ڰ¶͵Ĵ£Ӣ˶ʮ¥ȴһĵĸмһõúܺǫ̃ʱΧѾ˲ٵˣ˾Ӷ࣬һװģ¹ڳء
ˣʱһӦæӭӣ¶ȻѾĳˣӦҲֱӽ쵽̨ߵһϣȻһƿƺͼСԡ
ûãһ˸ĵƹ뼤ҵ̨֣ϵݳͿʼˣȴǼΣű¶Ů˿ʼЩŮ˿ǾѡأɫҲˣʱǵĿ
Ӣܼˣʰ¶͵Ǳʲôأ
¶΢΢һЦģǲô׵ıݵأ֪ˡ
Ůַ˰Сʱңûȫ㣬ʣһխĶֿ㡣
ȵŮ˳Ǽҵ־ͣƹҲʼһһŮȴLһܹϵ衣
Ȼܾûм櫣һӢܾ֪櫴Сͽܹ赸ѵ൱ģƺֽ˲٣ɫˮ޷һΣգҰԵŮӡ
˵Ҳ֣櫵ĸһղŻܸЩ̰Ųӿ̨ӢܻԱһһˣˡ˳Сèڳˣ͵ſ͵¥ȥˡ
һ˵ɼӣȰ㲻ҪٶˣŮˣһôõġ
Ǹɼӵ̷఺ѵ㲻˳СèǸϾɺѾ˺üε绰ôߡ
Ӣһ˳Сè˵ʶԼʵ޷ºϵ
Ȼ˼֮䣬һĻѪŮѾ˳Űɫĵȹںڶͷѩ׻ļһžµ˼ӣŵױȻڳ裬ȴƣ̬Եִǳһ뱣Ůˡ
ӣغһֻϲ˱ڻ˳Сèֲð¶͸ղŶ˵ټϲˡ
¶ȻܹµӢеĲ죬΢Цŵϰ塣벻櫻ᷢôĸıɣݼǳϲҲ治١
ӢȻ̨ϳ櫣˵ԼֻСһ꣬Ҳжʮˣش硢̬мĹ࣬˵ֻʮ˾˻š櫵ȷһΪɫԱԼҲѽǰǸɫƤ£ǹɱ˲գ۵ǰɬɬѧŮغ
櫳׸֮󣬱һи̨üӶк˵ʲôӢܶЩǳ˽⣬Ȼȥ櫳ˣҪǹȥ˭ҪľУ׼ᱻ櫽ϣȻϼ⡣ǹͷöԷģҪӦԡ¶Ҫȥֹ̨ˡ
ȥ֮û櫾͸ˣ΢ͷһεӡ
ȵ˵һӣˣֹ˹ģֻ櫵ؾƣȻЦ˵˼仰һ˻ͳƬݸ櫿Ǻܲƽʣֻմմ½ǣʾ뿪˵Ҳȥ
Ȼ˵ڶЩͬˣŮմ˾֮һߴ׳˾ʹЦȥ§ıܿˣԱߵŮʱЦߴ˵һʱҲסͷֵȥץ櫣æȥȰ裬ȴһƵڵϡ
ۿ˾͵櫵ߣ̾ͿҿٵܵԶţҲû뵽櫽ô죬һָţһҪƹȥ׷
ȻʱȴˣҴҵǸߴӵԣ˼ͬʱγǹǸߴӵͷϡ
ǸߴȻû뵽ᱻǹָڷ㶣ͱýźݺϥǺ󣬡ˡһڵأžֱ˵ͷһңģСҲǣǲǲˣϿͷǸ
ǸߴһƺҲ򵥣״ֶ˻УЩҪǹ֮״
ڴ˿̣߰˸˴ͬķ˳ˢˢǹָס˵ͷ߳Ҫ̱ͷڵϡ
˼ƣɫǾԹԵıͷ˵ϣϵṉ̀ȥ
Ǹߴ֪ʲôˣ㲻þҪɥıڶǹ£̺úǰ櫿ͷС㣬ҵһ֪ߵغð㣬ŹҰɡ
ƺѾסˣһҡͷһ߻ڿš
˼ˣʱǸߴ˺һȭߣڵϷվѾ˼صˡ
Ӣܿʰ¶͵¶ͣʲô
¶ԴӿǸߴϷ櫾һֱЦӢܷʣǵŵĿ½н뾯˾ķ˹ٽ櫣Լ鸾櫵ֶȴߵǵθڣȲռˣּǡ
ӢѾĸ櫵ĿˣбҪ̻ΪһЩȨĸ߼ȡмֵ鱨ãǰ¶͵ܱȵġ
ʱǿ½ķ˹Ȼûг棬Щǹ˷ֱ˵ľһҪ⣬ֵûصģ櫺ֻֽ֪ߴһ浽ȫ˳ȥмжŮߣȴǾ˾˾ķ˹ٽ£жŮҲǿ˵飬ֻнɸ߶ķƽˡ
Ӣܴ˿Ҳһ̾ǸϷ櫵ǺͬģȻ̬ȥкܴĸı䣬ֶҲһˣĺȴ޶£ϣܹůһңֺ櫻һӦúܰļңԼʵںѰţֻһһˡ
һ̨֮ϵıݼʼȻҪȥлλԼæĽӢһֱԶԶĹ۲ȴڱλȨزҰԼæĽûԳ̫飬ȥ˿½н΢΢һȻһƣ˵һ͸Ͻȥķ˹ٽƺҶͣȥ½нķԵúµԷӣӢףڿ½н˵ΪԼ׽µķ˹Ѿʼ˽ˣøˣʲô⣬Ҳĸ׸¡
ķ˹ٽƺ櫵۾Ӣ¶Ƴ¶һƣк
һ˲䣬Ѿ̧ͷű΢΢ЦӢܣͣ߰ӣתͷȥһЩº⣬ЩȻǮ֮ˣֿĻѪ˶ҲǴߣıԼɽղǸߴӾǰ˭Զ櫶ǹأֻ䣬ȥˡ
һ˹˰¶ͣЦŵ¶Уˣ櫣죬¶УһƣĴġ
¶;͵һƣݸ櫣櫱˱մ˴һ˫ȴƳӢܣ¶Ϳһ˿ɫ
ʱѾΰӢܣ֪һһæ¶Уλ˭ôûм֪߾͡


 381 ټ櫣2
ѪԱѾأΪж㣬ھֱ˼ϣñ˲ʲôӢܵݣ¶ͱλӢܣҹȥѣǸ˲Ĵˡ
ˣִӢһֵۣ櫣Ҳλһ£
Ӣ櫵ĿǴЩԣ֪Ȼƽʱװ̫ۣŻָʹһԵĿͬ飬бĳ嶯ЦЦС㣬ܼҸ質ôõŮӣҵˣȾ㡣
ʱһֱӢܣѾ¶ѹֵļ֮飬ٻҲٱȥȻ󽫾ĺꡣ
ˣ̲סӢܵСкøаƽƶֻǳһʾ˼ģȴˣҪ´βԲС㡣
Ӣһںȸ˱еľƣ櫺ⱭƵ壬Լƽ¼Լӹů⣬΢΢˵ͷȻЦģһСġ
ʱֵͷ˵ˣʹǰȥߵʱӢȴѩϸָĸ¶˸ơ
Ӣʱʧں̨¶ͣôҹܻᣬģ
¶͵ϰ巨˲ʽһǮ˵ҪúðԼĸĸǰ˸裬ҪԼ꣬ǩ˺ͬ櫾͵ˣŪһܺõĹأû˻֪һжǼٵġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷЦǿ½нķ˹ٽû취ݺԼǸ˶ĵĺûᡣ
¶ҲЦôûУǿɰ첻ʸ⣬ıɽǷɭ櫿ڵһҡǮôš
˵ֵϰ壬㲻֪Եֹˣɶˣ˵ɵ÷ǳɫ
ӢܵҲ櫡ЩɫмʵǺѡ
¶ҡҡͷʼʱҲڵģǺҾ֪ԼˡԶиԼʱԼԼԵúҪ˵رͬʱҲңʱʹ⣬Ҫõ̱ʾҪҧȻԸһҡǮûˡֻգ櫾´˳ȥЩϲ˶֪ˣЩ˷ȴؾصģԼȥԷˣҹ֮ǰҲһὫͻزʸŵסլȥ
ӢܵͷҲû뵽ܹıôɹ벼ˣ˽һȫŰɡ
¶΢ЦǵȻһֱʵ£Ҳţֻͷȫõġ
ӢܵղǲҪʲôط
¶һסլزԶ⼸Ψһߵѣ죬֮ĸȹȥˡ
Ӣ˵֮ĸȹȥˡʱƺЩвһ˴С󣬰¶Ͷ櫵᲻ףֻ櫶Լĺøһֱֵ÷ǳԣÿһҪ¶ͣҲ⼸Լ뿪˵ĸԼĵλѾûôҪղȻԸоļΪһ𳤴һѣҲǻĿ뵽Ӣܵȴ˵ζ櫵ĸ᲻ͬʵŮ֮ϲģȥֻܾΪԼݣԸ櫸һʱпûˣĴȻһգ뷨һˣ׼櫵İģֻǶԸЩ˼ɣѾ¶మȻеȻĵףǵģϾ˵Ҫ뼸Ů˹һ򣬻һһİԼԼҲϲҸ
뷨Ӣܶʱһɣ˵ӦõĽ֣¶ԼõֵܣҲϣܹóԸ
¶ʹʱҲĬĬĿӢܣȻ˵ľƵȻϰ壬ΪǵĹȥɱ
ӢҲ˱ЦҲΪǵĽɱ
¶ЦЦһȻϰ壬߰ɡ櫵Ȼδ׸ҪȥҪ˶þˣȥš
Ӣܵ˵ͷһڰѾƺȹ⣬Ű¶˳ȥɳŵݵ¥¡
棬¶֣ղǲӦͽüտ¶ӢȥȻСֻ֣¶;һƧСͣˣǾ櫻ġ
ʱѾҹСѾûʲôˣһʱ侲ÿ£¶ͳĬһ󣬵ϰ壬㵽װ櫣
Ӣܲش𡣵һЦôˣ
¶͵ܺãҺ櫺ܺãһܿġ
ӢļȻǾˣ¶͡ҵغֵܣҵûиı䣬ǣҲǣϣܹҸ
¶˸ðû˵һ󡣲ŵϰ壬лл㡣лл㻹ܰҵĺֵܡ
ӢܹЦ§סļ硣ֵܻҪһл֣¶ͣǰһ𳤴
¶ʹʱҲЦӢܵ˵ͷ
ڳбң£¶Ҳ˵һЩӢܱ㽫ԼĹϵмƻɭȡ֮˵ˣ;׼Լϱлڶû˵ѾϰߣЩ£ʵԽ֪Խãʱǻ߰¶͵ġ
ԴѪԱɵ֮У¶ҲѾµϰĿҪ𲽿Ʊӣȡɭλãֻǲ֪һô죬ִƻȴӢܣ˵ˣҲ棬ֻǵϰ壬ǵڴǵͼľ٣յľȨޣٹ꣬ƻɹһܸߣֻھҪ֣Ѷֻ¾ͻܴˡ
Ӣܵͷ֪ƻкܴѶȣѾʼ֣Ӧɡ
¶̾ðɣȻҵȻȫ㣬ȥҹ磬ʱȵеĸ߼ϻμӣȰ뷨ھУȻûлᣬʱڶ뷲ɭβ̸֣ҲֳɣҪӦڶأҲҪڶһսģǻá
Ӣȥһ־ǰһãǵҽ̹ǾйֵͬģϽûʲôܹѵǵ¡
¶ʱҲصһͷϰ壬ȻҪҵҾҵŲĿ꣬ǴС󣬳Ҳ֪ٴˣξͶĸģҲֵá
¶ѾԼ˹ʶӢܶʱֽס磬С֮Ужָӣǰ¶櫵Ĵ磬ԼܹһλԻͣ¶͵ġ
˵һͼǰȻһϸĺӰϢӵķӢֻƳһۣ֪櫵ˣںҹ֮Уȷһֻèһֻ˳Сèһֻɱ˵Сè
櫺ܿ˺¶Ͳţ˾ųеıȥ
櫸һȣʹӢһ±Ӣܣڻˣȥִʧ٣ǵҺͰ¶֪һûµءǣӰûʧֵģӰ
ӢʱѾعͷ뵽Լӵйǰܾ櫳׵󰮣ʱģߵʱԼһ櫵ԵʲôӰˣһ͹ȥһĶԴԼҲͰ¶͸ȻͰѼǰ¿ˣиɡʱЦ櫣벻ɣ˳СèȥϷ׼õʴ󽱣Ϊǡ
櫴ЦҲû뵽Լװ񣬲ͱɺˡԭЩɫԵĹ˻׽Ū˵仰ᣬǾʲô¶ϸǹǻ棬ġ
ʱ¶ͺȻ櫡мҪ㣬ӢȻˣѾǲһˡ
־ӢܵĶ̷óȹȥˣˣ˵һȥйɵòϰ⡣ˡ
¶͵˵̫Ծ
櫺һ¶ͣСӾͱˡѵϰѶĵλߡ
¶һЦ˵ˣӢʵǴϰضӣϰеⶼģѶҲҪĽһϰ塣
Ҳ˰ΣðžӢǴϰĶӣ⡭ôܣһִôΣյôǴϰĶӣ
ӢܼԼ˵ǲˣ櫣ҵȷǴϰĶӣҲΨһضӣΪһЩԭҺһѾϣҲʼӹе⡣
Ӣ׿ڳϣˣɫŶ֪ˣһǴϰŮ˵˽ӣϰ屾ûϣûԼˣûнӹܣ㣬ǲǣ
Ӣ֪Ѫ˶ѽͨĺĴϰŮϵҲ͸¶̫࣬ЦЦ̫ӣһǽ˵ɡ
Ѫ֮һǲô֯飬Ӣôһ˵Ҳ׷ȥǵӢܣϲ㰡ǵϰˣҺͰ¶Ϳǽˮ¥̨ȵ£ʲôôɲ٣̫ΣյҲٰš
ӢܹЦ櫣ôҲˡ
һʱ۵˭ˣ˭ˣҸղ˵ģ˵ʵҰͲϽڵǹȥɱˣǲʹ죬ǹ÷ˣ治״ϰȥʶôؾԱҪʲôҪãӢܣϰˣɵ취
¶ʱһ߿һߵ櫣ģҪˣ֪ϰʲôɵɭƹ
̡һɵɭƹһƱô󰡣ֲѶҪЩȨƵύһл̽鱨Ů
Ӣܵ˵ͷǴϰ˼櫣Ҫȷ򵥡
櫵϶ʱ¶ŵ΢ЦӢܣӦýϰ˰ɣģЩһὫŪߵģҲ벻˳СèǼʵʱǴҳȥͻὲһЩ飬Ҳûôңֻˣ˵ɣҪʲô鱨Ҹ
ӢҲ֪ȷ˺ģһͷ𼱣ŵĵطһ֪ͨġ
˵Ż¶ѾнһϣȴĽֵԶźƣȴһЩԺһЩ·ߵС̯ھӪţԷĴЩŮο͡
ͣóߵһ·̯ԻһᣬζйĻ˵Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ȴԵ÷ǳʹ죬ʱ˵СʱȤ£ʹ촦ЦƺѾص˹ȥصӰƱпȸһ
ͣĺLеԴζ׾ƣЩˣѩ׵һʱϼͮȾһʺõһΣӢܼ¶Ϳ櫵Ѿˣ櫶ȥһ˵䵭Ҳ˵飬Լ˵ʱЩ֪¶֮⼸굽׷չʲô̶ȣ˵ʱҲǳ񣬵ûйȥˡ
˳ҹѾˣ¶Ϳų櫻ȥûãֵ˸ղŵС
һͣ£櫾͸˸ͷӢܣЩˣǰ滹һ·ܲһ¡
¶æ櫣ѵˣӢѾǵϰˣɡ
ҡҡͷӢͣǶֻѣûϰ塣
Ӣܼ״ֻ˳˺ţã櫣㡣
˳ǰȥӢܾԱ߸š
ûһ˾͹˽ֿڣʧڰ¶͵֮УЩֵ·ƻһ룬üʮһյֵԵüǻ谵塣
ӢҲ֪櫵סլﻹжԶʱĩҹ¶أʵĵƹ£ȴ櫵ļͷ֪˾ƣӷ䣬Ͳ˼Լϴ櫵ϡ
ʱȻͣס˽Ų̧ͷӢܵӢܣˣҪڹȥǲľٶġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦˣȻб仯ѵı仯С𣿡
櫵۾ȻʼҲ˱仯ҲˣӢܣΪʲôܾˡ
ӢܵŶΪʲô
Ϊںңºңǲǣ
Ӣûϵ櫾µԼʱ뷨һȴûϻش


 382 ţСԣ1
Ӣû˵ɫΪ㵱ʱֻһɱ֣һûɱ֣ǲŮ˵ģҲŮ˴ҸģӢܣĹ˼ɣһǵģԸȥŮҲңΪңԸܵ˺ǲǣǲǣ㲻ҪƭңѾܹ˽ˣҲԸұŮ˶ƯִСһ𳤴֪㰮ʲôʲôҾͲ᲻ϲҡ
ӢҲرȥ˵ͷǣʱҵȷܵ˺
ӢܵĻӾ΢΢૵Ҿ֪Ҿ֪ˣˡ
һ˵ţѾڻ谵ĵƹоӨڹһ櫺ȻõЦӢܣ֪⼸˲ٵᣬֻһġ
˵⻰ֱͦȳƵӣӢܵںˣ㲻ɱ֣ǴϰĶӣƹѪˣκε˺ˣӢܣһ㣬ȻŮˣҪҪ
ӢܼٴδʾԼһѡҲڼ¶ţ櫣¶˵
̷ɿҡͷ֪¶ͻ˵ʲôһ˵⼸Ҹܺãʲôֻ˵Բԣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǵġô˵ġ
ȻһЦ¶һֱϲңǰϲҡףҵѾһˣҲֻݵһˣӢܣǾ㣬¶ֻҵѣֻ֮ѡ֪ģҵĵúܣƵûˣȻ˵
Ȼ֪櫻ԼӢлһȻ¶õֵܣ櫵ԼҲǳ˽⣬Ǿദ櫻ûϲһλֵעҪʹˣԼﲻ޷תģԼģҲΪ
Ѿ¶ޱȵ˷ϲӢܡҵҲֻ֪޸㡣ֻҪҲһŮˡ˽Ѫ飬Ȣңһܴæġ
Ӣһֱ˼ΰ櫣ʵìأʱһ̾櫣һұ㣬Ҿ˺ܶ£Ҳʶ˺ܶˣе޷õأ޷㽲ֻ̫㣬ѽˣӣǶҲܺá
һϯ櫵ĶУ类׻һ㣬͵һʧʲʲôѾˣӣ⡭ôܣôܣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷӳϿǲܣƫƫҵϷˣ櫣һ޷˵̫࣬εļƻɵһʱ֮ͻǵģϣܹǳΪѡ
ԵЩͣҡͷѣӳΪѣôõôõ
ӢµľһʵʩԸ̸̫࣬˫ס櫵ļͷ櫣˵Һ֮£ȰľȨһҪõҲҪİ
Ӣܵļᶨ۾һֱ˺þãƽص˵ͷģϰ壬һΪЧҵء
ӢҲ֪ʲôֿʼԼϰ塱֪һǳʧҲѹ
ʱ뿪Ӣ֣ܵϰ壬һȥˣʲôҪѶ¶Ͷ֪ôϵҵġ
˵⻰ȻӿΣǰܶȥܿʧһ¥֮
Ӣתأϵ櫻ķӦڲȷŮǷܹദ֮ǰǲԸ̸ģҪһĵͶԼҪɣҲɵҵЩƶ֮ȣŮ˽飬ʱѾԵСˡ
صϣ¶һֱ˺һ󣬲ŵϰ壬ʾ˰֪ľûкҲһֱڿ㣬˽һ˵ʲôġ
Ӣûо櫵ĹϵǰҲð¶ʹ࣬¶ͣ¾͸һˣ˭ҲᣬסλҪǷɭȨ
¶͹Ȼûᣬǵ˵ͷǣϰ壬֪ˡ
һ󣬾ͻصǾư档Ӣ˳¶ͱϰ壬㣬һȥμҹ硣
Ӣ΢ЦŴӦһ˾ưɣȴҲˣѶ벼ỹһһߺȾһߵţƵӢܻվɲᰲӢܵԼﰲЪ
˵ڶİ¶͹ȻֿųǰӢǶȥ
Сʱ֮󣬾͵һ棬ȴǰѾмһʿ迨ȥس
¶ʱͣ³ϰ壬Ǻ鶼нսıĸıھʸϣΪÿͣҶϲ͸ɴҹ磬̶ʱеһֱۣμӵضУϵ˵ؾۻᣬǲŮġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ¶ֻͣһУܹμľۻᣬͦ
¶ҲһЦУεǺ٣ҲԸ衣ҲǸнҽܸ˺鶼н鶼нǲңҲʶһЩеѡһǾġ
˵ţǰĳѾȫȥ¶ҲǰʻſڣͳԼؾ֤ʿЩʿȻʶˣһξЦŵ˵ͷȻȥ
˱Ӣܼǳ󣬱ϱ£LİӹǵζڶĽӦûҪݳһЩ
һͣͣãȴһĲƺʱѾǵƹͨ԰ˮȣӶڿ⼰ơ
ƺѾˣվޱȣžҲЩűģǵصҪ߸
¶ʹӢһһĴţܿͼĿ꣬ϰ壬нѾˣҴȥʶ
Ӣܵ˵ͷŰ¶ʹȺȴŽװͶʮϵڼҵʲôһеģݣ沿ЩнεȴڴǩЭ飬ȫڶǲ־˵÷ɭϯִֻƭ˵ĹϷڶǴộͽԹֻҪѾȨһӷɭϯʼһĶܲˡ
ʱһǩҲѰڵľѾͬˣڶؾװǺõ̫࣬˵սҲҪˣҪӲƴȥ꣬ǵؾӾȫᱻ𣬴ҪǷ
˵ȴһƣϽεӡ
ȴղнǽȥȥˣˣǵĿվ˾ô˵ôû־Ļ
ǰϽЦŵ˵û־Ļ˽Щõװɭϯˣٿǵҵףǹȥϰʽ˵ܷɵĲټܣϸϸķˣڶսˣ˫չս죬ҵĿվͻȫ군ûпվʧȥƿȨ½Ҳù˵걻ڶ̫ţҿ㹻
Ǵ˵Ȼǰ¶͵˾нˣһ±ԼһİϽֱµǣһҪΪԼ˵Ļ𡣡
ǰǵȻҲЦŵˣΪЩ̹װ׳˲ˣɭϯ˵ݻʲô
ʱԱһнˣˡʲôǵȵɭϯӼڹ˵»ɷɭϯҿҪⳡҲúܡ
ʱ¶ѾӢ˹ȥһ׼ؾ٣ҴһӢܣֲҸ֪ʶǳ㲩Ǹܺõ˲š
˴˿Ű¶͵˵ͷȻֻӢһۣͻֵ֪ˣȴλ䣬пġ
¶ͱ־һӢܵݹȥһɫתߡӢܺʿĶ΢΢һЦ¸Ű¶뿪
ʱƺϵؾǶȺľһ̸ţ¶ͱżһȺ¶ȻֻһУھкЩ֪ȣУУĴк¶ͱӢܸܽʶ
ЩٶӢȻ̫Ȥ˵¶ͣ˵鶼нҪ˭ʤ˾ͿԵһƿʿɣǿѵõĺöֻİɡ
¶ЦЦ˵¶͵ǹȻǸ˹УҲˣǰһʤһΣûзֳʤ
һ˸ԶԣǸɴĴһ˵¶˹˭Ӯ̡
Ӣ˹ȥȴ˵һУղ¶ͽܹǱӵһضųڱüпŶĳųҲǮġҲ֪ȻųƱӣĵǺٵģĻǱǿѾ̭ĸڡ
ضôһ˵̸ȥ׼ֽʼ¼ҵͶע
Ӣܵ¶ͣ˹У˭
¶͵˹УǵдӵĴӳǿΤվѧԺظ߲λýѧȻǿվǹҲǳã֮ϣ˿úܣվ˾ϽǺϲ
Ӣ֪ΤվѧԺӢʼҿվڵһսڼ䣬ҲϵһºѧԺʷƾãǵĹʾѧ֮һ߳վʷϵ߳Ƶ˹ܹϿΤվѧԺѾףܹϽѧ𣬶L˵ֻǵһˣˣǿһҲԽύ
˵Żֻ˵˹Уˡ
Ӣ˹ȥȻһʮ꣬޳沿Ӳһ֪ܹýſվУƷȺš
Ӣ֪Ȼǰ¶Ϳеĸ˹УˣȻѲ࣬кغ٣˹У˿û⣬ϴųжİȻ̬֮˴кͻӦ˵ͷֲû˵úܡ
ӢҲһص㣬˲ԸύˣԣΪΪһ˿һ˰һ£Щ汾ģֻǲṵͨˡ
¶С󣬵ȻʲôƫƫͷӢ˹ȥ˸˹Уǰ˹Уһʱû˰ɡ
˹УŰ¶ͣ˷ܵ¶ͣȻˣ˵鶼нֻһǰθӮһҪֳʤǲġ
¶͹ЦӢһָ˹УһλѣӢܣǹҲơ
˹УӢۣĿ࣬Ǳף˵ͷôһҵҪʶʶǹ
ӢһЦҵǹϡɵúܣ˹У뿴Ҳֻ׳ˡ
˹Уû˵һ뿪ˣһȥò͡
¶Ӣܵϰ壬ǹӦû˲ɣҪıˣܹн⣬Ҹұ֤ܹһְٰ
˵ʵӢܵȷûǹˣָоûжʧЦЦһ԰ɣϣø˹Уʧ
˵Ż㵽ԱõòͣӢܼ¶Ͳͣ˴каοԼλֵܱԲ˵˽ʣȷһλѵ֡
ȵҶͣͼǺ鶼нߵ˳Уһƿ۷ǳµľƣλͬţλͬţҹ˵ˣһƿ1893ʿɣ͸ǹõʿҪ죬һԡ
˵Żƺȥȴһ֮ȴһŹƿơƣ볤ԼʮԶľ룬һӣȴһ֩׿ھǹӢܶǹܷǳǹװöӵȻЧܹﵽһףʮѾѴﵽ׼ȣӵľﵽʮףȷкܸߵѶˡ
ʱеĽ졢ٶΧӵԱߣȻ˵˭ԲμӣԶľ룬Ҫһƿơƶѣ˵ǹ˶ȥ׳
һǹȴһУֻ׼֮󣬡顱һǹֻǰǳϵơˮĽֻƿľ£˵ĳɼѾܲˡ
˵ĺȲУӶȥơƣһУȥӵǹ˾ǹֻƿǰһ˵ĳɼҪЩ
ʱȺо˺ˣˣø˹У¶Уһȣ˭Щ
ղһֱںעضУִ˭ҪעģϿ򰡡
ǱһЩö֮ͽôһûעı̵ȥעˣϽ鶼ннȽҲ˽ȥ
¶ͼ״ĵϰ壬нСƣĺøУǧҪʧ֡
Ӣ֪¶ҪԼʱƵҲʼ֪ԼҪ֪ȣЩԽʶԼԽã˵ͷ


 383 ţСԣ2
¶ӢܴӦվ˳ȥλλҵЩʣֻӮ˸˹УģҵӢҲμӣң֪ûȤעϡ
İӢܣھһİ˭עض¶˳˱ʶȲ̾ҡҡͷֻôλӢܴ¶ͱҸĲע
ЩղŶİ¶Ӯľٷ׷ȥעûһӢӮġ
ضǶĳĬĬ㣬Ȼڹʣ˹Уʤ11.1Ҫƽ12Ӣʤ14עûС
н԰¶ͼΪͣӮģ¶ͺȻ˳Ҵ˹¶ͣôģⳡôμˣ֪֪ҶǷǳĵģ½ǹǾվġ
¶;͵нĵݹȥһɫȻѵˣǰѵʱҵֱˣʵڱ˰
нҲһһôڻûкãˣԵѷϣҾ֧һ¡Ҫˡһľۡ
һ˵šһߵֶ߳һҪע
ضæн֪ע˭Ӯ¶ע
н¶ͣһгģŵҸղһİ¶ӮȫԵ
нػӽٶһҪ֪ڱһУٵҲһǧɲһСĿˡ
ضЦнθҪӮˣҿҪǱߵĶĳ㣬ϰŹ֡
һ˵šȴһֽϼˣȻнҲ
нע֮󣬱Ҳûעˣʽʼ˹Уһǹֻǳӵ֮󣬾ǹһ顱䣬ֻЩơƿһıѡǵ鷢һƿơá
׼ȷǹӮΧ۵ؾһȲҵɫ˹УԴ¶ǹһʤһ֮Ѿнûвμҹ磬ݵĶǹнˣⳡѾӮȻ̫ͣʤް
Ӣܣװӵǹ׼׼ʮơƿһ˲䣬ǾԶơƿбޱ֪ԼѾڳˣĿȻҲܶ࣬ûпǹΪҵĸоľʵ޷⣬˵ǲ֮Ҫʧ֮ǧҪһʱ
Ӣܳٳٲǹھٶʱе˸ǷЦа¶ƼΪԵĶе㱾죬û뵽˳ٶ٣ǿȫˡ
¶֪ӢܵǹҲ˻ʵڲ̫ɫҲ΢䡣
нһΰ¶ͣղżԼɫŵӶȣڿؾ棬ʱһûڣݺݵĵ˰¶һۣȥ֮Ҫúõѵһ٣ƭٵΪʵڲˡʱͺȻһҵǹӢѾ۶˰ǹǰơƿϡﻩһķɽˮŷӵŸơƿһա
еĽٶסˣû˷û뵽̵ӢܾȻб죬˹Уƽ֡
нΪŵ˱Ǯַ˻־ϲЦããһãһǱȵ׼ȷȣٶȣӢܣҺúõĴ򣬵Ǯһݶ
ӢܴĿ꣬Ѿҵ˸оҷֳĿ֮⣬Լǹʱֱ۱ȹȥȶˣҲ˵ǹǰҲܡ
Ǹ˹УӢܵǹжʱ¶֮ɫ˹ļӢܣǹ¶ûż
Ӣ΢΢һЦֻһʱҰˡ
˹УۣȻһֵʮףҺӢټȥ
⻰һȺжʱ˾̾ʮ׵ľ룬кǹ˵һ˼飬ѳԽļޣı澫ʰƻǴӸղűĶ˹УռϷģȻ˵ʮסһЩաԵȻǸݰչ黹Ҫء
Ÿ˹УӶ˹ȻǳʮףȻƺϵƹ磬ҲЩˣɵöס˺
˹У굯Ҳ׼һ󡣲Ź˰ֻһǹ֮ǰơƿˮɽȴѾƿֻƿ
ľ룬ܹһĿ꣬ѾǷǳ˲ǹˣۿȺжʱֹк֮˷
Ȼ˹УǹӶǸջơƣӢѾǰ˲Ѿӵװϣǹƺû׼Ϳʼ˲˼鷢ˣǲŰںõơƿһƬ̼һƿá
Ӣǹˮɴ࣬ʱʮӡȫ͸ղŵһ״̬෴
ʱڳۿ˶ĿɿڴƺһƬļž֪Ӣܵϸİ¶Ҳľѣʮ׵ľ룬಻͸˹Уܹ࣬ƿӢܹȥǹֻǱǿЩܹ߰ƿڲʮ֮ھõȫĿ꣬ʵ̫֮ˣ治֪ӢܵϷʲôؼô
н˿ѾӦһ֣һߴЦߵӢܵߣļ似似ǹ˲̫˲ˣȫȥμӰ˻ᣬ¶ͣ벻㻹ѣôܸʶ
¶͵Ӣкܶ겻ˣطģûʲôҲ
ʱȴһ˵øһˣӢҪˡ
нͷһȴ˵Ǻ鶼нƿ1893ʿɡ
нһѶеʿɽӢܣһߵҪˣǲıҪ˲˷ѣӢܵŶԣֻǹãָ̹ӣҿܹȵһξ
ӢܺЦǾͶ˽ЯˣɣҲûʲôƿƾͽ軨׷ˡ
һ˵Żһ߾ͽƿʿɵݸн
нȻϲҲУǺãӢܣ¶͵Ӫд㡣
ֻعȥԴʱѾҵض14ض12֮ڸңȥҶǵǸĳ
ض뵽ᷢ⣬ʱѾǴͷɥҵֻõнģ֮ǰһύеġ
н˵ͷź鶼нȥ˵ˣһ˵һʿɣǵ⡣
***********************************************************˵ڶ磬¶;ӢȵжʮⱱȨ½ʦľӪȥ
˵ʦӪӢܾ͸еʦӵĲ֮ͬʿǵľҪ֮⣬ҪȴǸֵװеĳ̶ȷǳĸߣ̹ˡװ׳⻹е䳵װֱҼոµءЩװ˵ȻǺȽLؾѾǲˣڶϷװҲֲ࣬ʦᱻΪĲӡ
¶ͼʻžʦȥӢܵ¶ͣУӪܵʲôһ֧飿
¶͵ҸǶӪҲͻӪƱȱӪҪ֮һװܺãֱӹнָӡ
Ӣִ֪սͻӪ봫ͳǰӪͬЦ¶ͣнȷǳ㰡ôεġ
¶΢ЦҲѶİţнڱзâ̫⵽ͬŵļޣ֯һζнĴɱȻؼʱҳ־нȻмңҵľ˶ã͵ȥ˶ӪһӸӪȻ͵Ӫͦء
Ӣҡҡͷ⡣ֻ˵Ѷ㰲һᣬĶҪԼнܹõɭΣװȻ汾£ΪͽǳҪĶӪأһ˲ٵĿ顣
¶͵ͷϰ壬µòнҵڷ½ָѧԺִսִǺоأƽʱҲʦнԿϰҶʤҲпܻᾭһأҪ׼
˵Ż㵽һĽ⣬˼飬Ȼʻ˽ȥһֻ¥ͣ¡
˳յ¥£о˵¶ǹͽǹǡ
˳¥ߵ˶¥һ䷿⣬һİ칫ңнڿİ칫һŵͼ
¶ͱſͦ潫У¶ͷӢǰ
н̧ͷ˻ֵ¶ͣˣãӢ£лҪǡ
¶ͱӢ߽칫ңҲɳ¡
нʱҲ˹˵Ķ棬ȴӢܣӢܣľ˷ɣǹ˾֪̾ȥ飬ǹǴѧġ
ӢѶһУ΢΢һЦûϹʽѧУһ壬μӹϱսҵϷӵųϷżȻ˳ҴСĸ˫͸λ峤󣬺ǹһЩ֪ʶûҶ顣
нŶĲʲô֣Ϸһ֧ų
Ӣܵһᣬп־ϷžʮŵУų
нԣ϶ʱһǿ־ֶӣֲ֣սпͦ˵ѷıڶ﷢䱻֣Ȼʧ٣㲮ڲڣ
ԭ⿵־Ѷѣս¸ңñϱ˫¼൱֪ȣѶ뿪ӣҲ˴˵ǣ⿵־Ȼڶ׷ɱѾʮˣѶ͵գڶľԹӢðֶò
нʣӢܱһҡͷѾʮǰȥˡ
нʲô֤־塣
Ӣܴӻͳ˼СӴ򿪣ȴǼöѫ£Ҳӡ֣ǵ⿵־ȥѶġ
LĻƶȲƣнҲ޷֤Ӣ뿵־Ĺϵ⼸öѫ£Ҳ˼֣Щʲô
Ӣ֮ܵǰ˵ڶǸбɫĶߣڣLͲкӹҪҼ̳־ڶȴΪֻȥй⣬˵ϱ˫ҪսˣҲŻξԸ
ӢܲûдüȻLϢȽ󣬵йЩ˽пܻһ֪йݣڰٵ˵ҲǴ·ʡ
н˵ͷӢܣ˵ʵȷҪ˲ţϵıַǳĳɫһξ̹٣ϰʿǹȻǿųС̳ģҽ֣սҲΪ壬֪ѧ˶٣ɣҴ㵽ȥһ򵥵ĶԿϰʵѧҾİΣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷлһλᣬһúõϧ
н˻ֵӮƿƱ˵дǵģҽӵ֪ͨҪμһ飬ȥ˾һˣ¶ͣȴӢܵȥƿƣһٺȡ
¶̴Ӣվһ񣬵ǡ
ӢҲнзȵľһȻŸ¶뿪
ϳԼ߰ңּһӪȴǰ¶͵ĶӪˡ
ͣ³󣬰¶ӢܲιӪLľӱȻϮձƣһӪȴĸԼң¶͵ĶӪÿıҲһҪֱ࣬װײĦлܼͨƱﵽ߰ˡ
ʿһĶӣѵţʽսҲڿյжĴݺţҲǰͷС󣬰¶Ͳûеõپָӵѵָܹ֧ӣȻԼĴѧϰϤһУʵǷǳֵȻĸ׵İרѧϰ־֪ʶʵʲȴܲ㣬ϾִָңľӴв֪ͬʶҪӹ㲩ӣѧϰ
һ߲ιۣһ¶ѯԼĸϸڣ¶;Ͳ䷳ĸ꾡˵
֪䣬һʱѾȥӢܾڶӪ¶齶ߣĵ˯
ֻ˯Сʱ˾𴲸ʿǳ٣һֱʮңһʻ˽һʿҵ˰¶ͣȴǷн֮ӢԼǰȥܿ졣


 384 
ʿӢܵнǰռнӢܣĻҲ˵׼һϰɽһأҸܹСʱ֮Ҿͻίξְ֮ŲξְѾˣҿǰյı뿵ųϣϣܹסᡣ
ӢܹлˣнָһİݣһξӢܣλǰξҲĶ֣ܲʤ
ǰξӢܰ˽ͷҪʵӲżȴ˰ӣӢܣ˵ȥûд̰ҪҪٳһš
Ӣ΢΢һЦǣҹȥȷûд̣ξһжҪˣԼ㲻س±
ξ˵ͷãǾɣϣ㲻Ҫýʧ
һ˵ţһ߾нһתͿٵɽȥ
нߵξָλһλ쳶ξһλ׻ξǶоؾ٣͹ָˡ
Ӣξ֣쳶ξЦŵͷһ׻ξȻˣȴֳһĨЦ֮ɫ
ӢļЦף׻ξ룬нǷˣһûд̵ļһָðξˣˣԼһֻ
нֽߵУȴսıһӢܵıģнȷǷǳ˲š
ϣнӢܸξǰȥսӢȴûߣнһǳ׼ľ񣬵ѾһˣһȨ
нҪʲôȨ
ӢܳĵҪһֻǹ˭ҪӾ̴Ȩ֪ܴܲӦҡ
нҲǸˣղ׻ξӢ䳰ɫҲҪ֪о̣Ȩɱ֮ľҲ޷õִеģӢֻǸʱָߣȫԲϣӢܹһ֤ȷоսҪ졣
нһӢӢܣԽԽô˲ǳ֮˵ͷӻͳһֻµɫǹݵӢУ쳶ξ׻ξţӢܴǵس٣Ǳķǹҽ˭ҪΥ˾ӢܾȨдûСǵĳ񡣡
쳶ξ׻ξôһ˵жһݣæӢ˾
ӢܽӹнǹҲ̲סֿһۣԼ޷֤нֻͨ¶͵ĽԼ˵ȷӡ󣬵ǹԼִӦԼʹشȨ˲ɣ˲õʵһλֵþĽպҪúõĽӽǡ
ӹǹʿȡǹףӢϣнһ񣬱쳶ξ׻ξɽµʱָӲȥ
ʱָӲɽ¼⻬ʯͷӢܴʱѾ˼ˣֻϰʿõĶ˺ɫϵϰרӵȻû֮ͽûйʿıҪֻҪξԼˡ
Ҳٿȵ׻ξûɽĵͼ
׻ξƲӢܵģû뵽ȻнҪǹ봦ȨҪǶԼʽԼˣ֮⣬Ϊֵ飬ԽԽǲԾԽԽЩη壬ҲҴˣ˰֮оһ˵İǰݣȻôһȣֻĤ죬ͷһæУУ
˵⻰ʹţʿ˵ͼ׻ξԽͼ򿪣һʯͷϡ
Ӣܾϸȥȴɽѵķأֱɽŵ101102ءɽ201202أȴɽ300ߵأЩطֱȻʯ빵֣رɽǳһΣмһΰ׵ľûɹʿǲУЩ뵱ɷơ
ĬĬؿһ󡣾쳶ξ٣СʱʱƣӦýˣһжһԤ
Ӣܴ˿Ѿ˼Ԥӣ쳶ξ˽źɽ׻ξҴ˽ǰɽ
ذԶľȴ֪ͨһҪע⣬ߣ̫С
ʱ쳶ξ٣ֱӽɽأѵ㲻ɽ𣿡
ӢЦЦξֻһˣɽŵط̫ķֻҪǰӦǰˣȴ޷סķˣеĵ֮ʧȥˣ밢ξɵðհɡ
쳶ξ׻ξԣɵ໥һԾԵĻƺûԼеô򵥡
ָϵõض˱㿪ʼж쳶ξȥ˺ɽӢܺ׻ξʿǰɽС
ӢܵԤϲûдξȷɽأʿֱӵɽ201أһȻĹ֣üʿ¶Ÿֿͷ
ʱﴫ쳶ξ٣٣Ѿָص202ǰ棬Ƿ񷢶
Ӣܵ쳶ξһС̽һµ˵ĻȻһ㱨
˵⻰ߵ׻ξָͬ׻ξɳ˽ɽʯľڻɽȥڻʮԶĵطžžһҵǹ졣201ϵĵоѾӢĬĬĹ۲šȴԷĻܼҴԼ¶ͷᳬʮˣ쳶ξǱҲһ
Ȼûһ쳶ξڶеԳ٣Գ٣Ѿ۲쵽˵Ļ㣬ԼʮʮңӲӦÿ£Ƿжָʾ
ӢѾ˰ξսֻһľɽ201202ϣصϴƾǺסģֻסԼҪѷ̫ͣȻеʿ300ߵأһΣټǰûʲô壬ڵ˵Ļ֮£˵ǿڶԷһıҪҲѶȣһŻһıҪĵʮĵսټйɽ׳ʿΪɽ壬ʿǧվ֮ƾӸµΣӵзɻڵĵչǿս˽γ죬ǻˣǣ˵һգ򵯾¡
ԾнԼڶԷľûиػ֧֣Ҳ޷ãĵ֮£ҪСʱ֮ڹߵ㣬ʵǷǳ̵ġ
ʱӢиֳһͷҲ֣ǹԷȻڻúܺãԼԶ֣ʹԷĻһһ¶ŲһСʱ201ϵĵ˶ҪȾϺˣȻ編ƣҪСʱ֮ڻҲ£ԼǹнѾ֪ˣ֮԰ϰ˽ԼֱָЧսֻøһߣҪˡ
׻ξнӢ֦ܵǹ˶ǿڷĲ˳ĬҲǰֻӢܲЧսɲԼΥ
ӢǺεˣ׻ξ˸֮Ѿµʲôˣһʱ飬뵽һ⣬׻ξ̸졣˵ҪоӺɽ
׻ξԣʱһ㶡
ȴӢֵҪĿҼ˲ұҲУҪˣ̾¡
˵žǱǹ
׻ξɵϣصûһ˹㡭Ѱ
Ӣ΢Цŵ˵ͷǸξҲƲң׻ξڴ˴ж֮ǰǲҲһ۹ҪҵЦ
֪ϰнһδ̵֮󣬰ġ쳶׻ξȷйۣ쳶ΪҺ񣬵û˵ʲôô쳶ȴǳЦֻȿ޷Ǳ̬֮ӢһѪ˵˳׻ɲû˵Ĭˡ
ӢЦһļ׻ξֻһС䣬Ͱξ뷨Ҳ֮飬Ҿ㣬գһ֮󡣽һ𵽡ҹܻᡯȥеķͣϷҪݵһ밢ξɽø߱ԶǿƼɽµģܹȤȫʿ׽ûָӹ٣һòͨ籨֮ӡͱҷˣҲٴӾˡ
Ӣܵա׻ξҲ񲻶رǶԷһ䡰ҲٴӾˡ
ľս˵Ըʵ޷׽ԼҪϰжǾ̫ˡ
뵽±˵ͷӢһ£ɳһŵıɽȥܿͱ201ϵĻѹסˣѾõһԷĻſڵϣһܲľӡ
ʱӢ׻ξ㵽һʯͷ֮λãܱԷ201ߵϵȴֿ300ߵϵİξԶ¿
׻ξͿʼӢܳԵأ᲻̣Ҫѱںɽ쳶ξһ㲻͹ȥ˵300ߵأҿ201ò˰ɣûд̣ͲҪˡ
Ӣ̵׻ξ㲻ҪΪûпʿͲң㿴һ̰ȫ̵ӣӵ³ӵ֪ôһҿ
׻ξúãҲȫָҲˣ˰ɡ
һ˵ţһ߲ƽɽȥԶԶһʯͷϣұӡ
ӢܾͿʼָʿɽϽʿѾԵõ׻ξ֪ͨװŲָӵӣ̵ǰǰʿһһſŲӢܾͻִţʿȻûġ
ʱӢܾͺ쳶ξǰɽ֪ǰɽɽԶ޷ڰξʿǰϵҪľǰξ쳶ξĵ϶Լȷ׻ξ˷ǳìܣ޷ָǰʿ˲Զղ׻ξȻҲϵʿöԽ㱨ȥͿⰢξвԼһȹ涨Сʱľɽ׽סԼнǰúñˡ
ξܶðջᣬֻ˼ӣһ߰й۲ʿ㱨ڵö٣ѾӾԸߵˣʮӺܹء
Ӣһʾ۲죬Ȼһʿ壬ǱţԼȴʯͷ֮תתȥҲֵģʿȻûж
һ󣬺Ȼһ̶ĺɱʿڰξĴ¶ݺݵĳ
ǰʿѾõо׷󳷣Ӣܾ͹ɽʯ䲻ܶţѾξڸ׽סԼһУһ߻ͷ۲죬ѾԼУѾȫ뿪أѾ£ڴʱȫʿ̷ȫ𡣡
ϰеʿ¸ҵģ֪µģû뵱Էķ²ξһֱѹŴͱһӢһֹͣ˺󳷣ʼ
ǰξ֪׻ξԽһİָӵϰģҲû뵽׻ξӢ֮ôһϷǰⳡϰѾгȴԭܵĶֻȻͣס֯Ŀ׷ǰʿ϶ʱһĺţϰĹ涨ֻ˳
ξͷԣæߺûеʿϿ˻201طأӢܲʿѾӸµĳ滷Χ֮£ξһٶʿƬ֮ѾȫеϰԷֹܲԼʿҲûʲô˼ɣξҲǷ׷һ䣬ξ˲ͱһˣʵ±㽫ʮѪ
ξȻϰרþ赲ٵĴͷֲȴ¶棬ʱٵУʱӴӴĽлһЩʿһ߸Ͻֱסͷñ۾ٵпھʱ쳶ξҲѾʿӺɽ˹ĳʱЩĿɿڴǱİξֱҡͷ
ϰȫʱСʱսȴǳˣӢֻⷽʮˣͽԭռеƵİξϵʮʿȫʵڳ˵ϡ
ӢսҲǰƽң񵱳òͬĹѪġʽһ㣬ûȥʲôеĹɽսһпõԴʿϰսеξԼ׻ξηµ˫Ҳ˵Ĵ򷨣ֻڴʱ˵أȫظӦ䣬оɷӢܴСеõһʲƸ


 385 ں֮
ӢξɽннԶпһУӢܣѾԵֶ˼֮ɫļ磬ЦӢܣúãúãСʱֻ˶ʮ˾ȫѵãʵѵá
˵ȴƳһۻͷԣͷɥİξξһƽʱԳƺܴ֣ҲҪģôˣСʱͱˣǶʦξøˡ
ξĬԣһ󣬲̧ͷٸһλᣬһôˡ
н߳ٸһλᣬ㶼ɽʬˣôᣬȥҾ˵ϰʵսûѾһָӹˣ㿴£һ󲿷֡
ξҧҧͷ˵ˡ
н˻֣ξ£ȻӢܵӢܣıҷǳ⣬ǿ־ˣԵһ£Ҫһ£Ƕá
Ӣܱ˵һߣȴнߵУı˵ʲô
˺һнŻӢ¹ȥӢܣλѡһ氢һҲξܹʤΣ⻹һְ֪ûȤ
Ӣܱ֪ʲôְ񣿡
н쿪ᣬҪıЩһٸһЩԱЩһȴһе˽ԼһǿӪװ롣һʱҲʵȥ£Ҳʱֻξ֪ԸԸȥսǰѻ˵ǰ棬ֻܸµʱ䣬޷ʤΣһаš
ӢƳıǹЦݣƺ϶Ҫѡ氢ξλãдʱҲڷɿ˼ȡξƺ޷աѷչ齨ǿӪȴкܴĲռ䣬ԼδķչнԼѡѱڿԼ
һˣ΢ЦŵнԸȥǿӪ
нʱһοص˵ͷļͷӢܣȻûʧǿӪǲıȺӦҵģϣܹһֻҪλкպĿ嶪
ӢһͷãһŬġ
нһһ֡һʿһξεľٷӢܵС׼ˡ
ӢʱǱǹҪнȴһҡͷӢܡһƿþƣʲôҲûи㣬֦ǹ㲻Ҿ͸ˣúøɣҲȰ¶ͻɫء
Ǳǹǳ£ӢҲûϳͺӦ֮ҶȻҲн꣬Ὣǹ͸ԼһرʶʵижɭѾʦˣ˵õ
нһֵӢܣȻذ¶͵ӪϢҰһ£˴㵽ǿӪľӪȥ
һ˵ţһ߾˿һüӢܻȥ
Ӣ񣬸ʮһȻȴһı˵ȻӢѡ˼ǿӪξְ
нһЩ£ҪǲУǲôҵأղֻıԼӢСȥŪǸıܲΪӦңʱճļǿӪȻܻЩ⣬ܹãǸҲҺҴġ
һıֵǿԵģɭϯ͸ɯǹҲǹ֧ǹֵʮԪ
нֵҪˣǹҪǿӪҴˣһ֧ǹʲô
ȴһıģӢܿǲǶ֪ǿӪǲıشǵʦģЩ±ûʲôսɭϯѾˣҪҪ˵
нˣɭϯʱͷҲģҲ鷳ˣڶﲽƣҲҪȫ濪սֻǲ֪һڹ֮ôõǵ֧ûС
ʱӢѾ˳˾ʻ뿪ɽû߶ãȴξվ·ߣǰξָ׻ξıӴ£ָ̫ͬŵ壬ʼӢܣ׽Ū˭֪澹ӢϷ󵱡
׻ξȻԼξһ١˵ԼôϲŻӢܵļơԼֻǷӡ
Ӣػ־£һټϱͶ׻ξйŵҪ˾ͣ³Լȥ
Ӣܣ쳶ξ΢Цʾ⣬׻ξЩǰξȴݺݵĵһۣͷŤһȥ
Ӣ˹ȥξȥξղŶеϡ
ξû֣ǿһӢܣξнûΰǹϲˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦнȷһξ
ôһ˵ξ϶ûʲô飬нⳡϰȻ⣬ֻǰξ̫ù¶һ̵ִı죬Ϊ˼ѡ
Ӣܼξǽΰξλãȥ½ļǿӪҸղн˵ξǲýְġ
ԡξʱ⣬ξϲءĲýְˡ
Ӣһͷнȷô˵ģ˵Щ汾죬ٸһᡣ
ξʱһӢһ̾ҡҡͷӢܣ벻ǽƻ˵ûд̣ǲš
Ӣܲ˵ֻ̫࣬ǺЦ
ʱ쳶ξȴӢܣӦǿӪӪҲ˵ˣǿɶһȺں֮ڣѵѣҼǿӪӪӦξΣнôֻһξ
ӢһЦʲôξξģнϸλᣬҾͷǳˣҽҲ˵ˣɲɼҪҵְ㲻ҾûLˣɣҽѣôҵҹܻᣬȥĿģ֪λϲ
һ˵ţһȴ׻ξļ磬ʾԼڶֳŵ
һξٵֻмȣڡҹܻᡱȥֵֻһƿ߼ƵǮƽǲȥǣӢܴ׻ξһӢҡͷһһְãǾͽѡ
쳶ξҲƶǽڼҺæӢܣ˵ҹܻᡯѿɲͣҪѺȾƣҼҲˣαôƷѡ
ξӢʼЩڻҪԼ߼ȥҲԼðȻӢг⣬ǿҲ̫ˣȥȥ͵ҹܻᡯȥ˵һŮʲôѱСèˣҹݺƵģˮһᷢƢŵĿ½н뾯˾ķ˹ٽȥʶʶӢܣлл
ӢһЦûϵԼսӣǳҪǵİͶһЩȥҲʶʶ
ξͷӢԼһЩ֪ͨǣ˳¶͵ضӪȥ
˾Ӫ¶ϢӢ˵һУҲͬȥǿӪԭȴ±ȻѴҪҲףȫԳΪӢҵʱ
Ӣܱ㽫Ҫξϵҹܻᡱ˵ˡҪ¶һЩбµеͼľٽܸԼʶ¶̴ӦˡʵҪҪгѪ뱱ӵĳԱμʱ㱻Ӣܷ񶨣ڵʡЩԱԼһ֧ĿǰǾԲܱ¶ء
ʱһһعȥѾǻƻ裬Ӣܱð¶֪ͨλ٣ȵҹܻᡱȥòͣ¶ڽǰѾӵҪԼӽٵټϺܵнʶǹ㷺ûһУУξʮһξ쳶ˣʮеͼٲμӡ
СˡҹܻᡱʱѾʮλٵˣٵһгһλʱ޷Ѿȫ룬Ӣܱһŵεװ޵ö¥ûʵزһΧ
Ӣ֪ԣҪһ˾㡣ֿܣλǮǰһʱ޷ȻֻòסЩˡµĶǮľƣЩ˾УҲûгԹȻӢǴкøУӢܵӢܱ㽫н˵Ļ˵һ飬Լй̣ϱս𣬱μӱ׼ܵڶȺ屨
ھˣȻ뵽ֻȴֳɣһΪɭڶ̵ԼսһȴǹƷɭύҪıȨҪ˶þͻսڶѪƴһ
ӢĬĬڶУȴûзԣڹ۲ЩǶսķӦսɣͿ£ҪһȺг徢¡
һƬ˵ͣӢܾͰŴ֣еȥ˰Ħģеطһʶȥ˶ĳʮ櫵ĴҪȥȾƣӢԴ櫷ֿ֮Ҳڹ¶ʹЩȥ
˸ĿѾʼˣȻ迪ʼݵѾһŮɡ
һƴһȾƹۿӢرһȫȴǿ½нķ˹ٽûһЩ֪ʲôݵ󶼸űڣ櫵ȷɵ÷ǳɹ
ȵ֮ģ櫾͵ǳˣݵȴһִ赸Сѵعǳټϸ޳ڸؽŤĳʱ粨˰й£˵ķˣǾȫо̾ȲʵģҲĿɿڴģһգӢڣû˭Ŀ뿪¶͸Ƶ
ȵ赸꣬ǱҪ櫳ľƣһȴһθࡣ
ȻѾӢ¶ͣûϹȻӵĸ˳ȫ˹˺þòŵӢһЩǶʱվ櫾ƣܹƵĻѪ˶ңҲֲôĴ
Ӣܿ櫣ȥֻǾ˴˼УмðĸоȴԽԽе櫵϶һֺŨŮζһֺ˵ŮζĸоİҲȻԭеǲ֮ѾȻ޴棬һŮˣһջκ˵ĻѪ˶ɫͫףԸߵȧǣղһޣĺȢȢС󣬲ŮˣҲΪԼһѵľ
¶˱ߵӢܵǰȴ޷ĸ㺣˭뵽겻˾ţڵȴѾõ˵ʵ̫޷ˡ
ֻһ櫱ü͵ϰ壬ļƻǲѾڿʼˣģΣҶɵġ
˵⻰ûٿһھƣҴҵ뿪ˡ
Ӣʧ̨֮ıӰҲһ̾ʱǻᾡȫԼģ֮䣬ȴ֪ջΪʲôһֹϵĸ׵ٴηԼϣĲԸԼ֮һ硣
һֱ浽ҹŻص¶͵ĶӪӢȴһҹδ˯˼δԼĵһִ֧ӡ
˵ڶһ磬Ӣ˴нԼոµξװ뵽ԼңԼİףģȻҪ࣬ȴлĸо
ûãнȻˣȴһߵУı
ǲıʻ˵ʦӪʮŵһǳ׵ľӪӪֻü򵥵שɣЩʿ߶ҪôñҪôƤһиģɢޱȡ
ǲıţɿξıܲЩ˵С󣬺ܶ˶ҪɭϯڶͣнһֱԣԱǺˣҪǾ͹ⰲЩӦļһǣ˵װžͻᵽֻҲ鷳ܹŪʲôӾŪʲôӰɡ
һ˵ţһȴҡͷн˵Ӣܹ֧±ãǲн۹⣬ޣѶʵ̫һ㡣
ӿ˾ӪǲıͽĿǰ±Ӫľ٣ȴһаξ⻹ξ
ıнӢܵ˵ˣǰξǱȨıܲɣǲıܳ¬ϽСӣҲǴʱӪʵʸĸӪӢܵľԼһ˲ΪȻ顣
ıϣ뿪ˣǰξһСʿǰ˵ǸȻҲټʿӢܼ棬˻֣ʹξ뿪ˣӢѾ˵˰ξ¬ϽĹϵҲµⰺξԼЩ±޼ƿʩȻ˳ֻǰЦ


 386¡ħӪ
ӢܵסӢһʲ֪ҲһᣬӳŲʮ꣬ȥ󹤣ʵܲÿʮСʱػ͵͵˾
һӳһ׵ӣһŴһӾûʲôˡ
ӢܼӳڸԼ괲֮죬ƺɽһȵӳʲôңǲǣ
ӳʣҧҧһŵ٣Ƕǻ˵ķϣҾʵû˵ɣȰ뿪ҪӪӪΪǸξѾټ˿ᣬ±ӪӰ೤϶ţǶģǿ߰ɡ
˵ֵ٣±ӪļʿһĹˣкܴһһЩµåǲùġ
Ӣˣֻ΢΢һЦ뿪ȴ⴫ǰ߳ʿ˵Լʾ磬Ҳȥȴͳֻͨĵ绰
ûһιܶôˡ
ӢܵѾ˱ӣ齨һǿӪһС£֣֪aʡؾ죬õıɾѵģҪŪһ˵
ã˵˭
ӢܵȻֻһξųѵ±һףӦˣҲ֪ھûУһҪҵL״˵Ҫһһҵܾġ
ԥĵãû⣬ܶ㻹ҪЩʲôֻ˵
Ӣܵʱˣ֣еôˣ
ھѾһ֯ã׼ͨSң䣬֮Ӧþܹȥ
ӢܵЩʲô
ǧ֧XM8Զǹʮӵһǧöס⻹ٸ޴Ķʱը
Ӣ֪XM8ԶǹǱĿǰõM16A2ԶǹҪȽĿǰõĵˣ۸ǳҪҪѾʵģңػƽǲˡ
µãλսٻǣڶˡ
ܶǱߵϢϱ˫Ļж󣿡
Ӣܵڻȷ˵ɭЩҡˣпܻЭ
Ĭһڶû˺֮ǣһңӿӶĲƸֻǰڶսˡ
Ӣܵ֡ģҲڼӽСսļƻܹʵֵġ
Ŀǰʵң뱱ȨڶҲǴ·磬ܶҶҪŬǡ
Ӣһã֣ûʲôȹˣһҪЩ¡
ãܶ⼸̬ȵ죬ͺð費һ򵥵ŮˣȷҪ
˵˾͹Ҷ˵绰Ӣְͨĸ׵غ룬ԼһУѶ㱨ġ
Ȼ绰һֱͨӵܶ˵齨һ֧ǿӪǲ鷳ˡ
Ӣܵ裬¡
صʲô£˵
Ӣܵպհ³ʮɹ¹Ҽ϶ĵս֡
Ҳʣ̵ãû⣬ϰţպհ³֮ھܹҪĵս֣Ŀǰû˲ţһдܻǮҪ뵽
ӢӦһȻ裬ʱҿܻٸٻնϵֻҶչˡ
صܶʱǳؼܷģ̫࣬ĥ׳־ģҵϱȻúչˣίѾǽˣ˽Դ绰Ӱ㣬ЩŮ˶ʶ壬ȫӦˡ
ӢܱǾȻ̵סԼ绰֪ԭ򣬵Ŀǰ˵ҲֻнŮ˽һˡ
ͨӢܱ˳ȥȴеʿԶԶıԼӪһЩʱԼ¶ֻ֮ɫҲ⣬ֻǶӪиתƣһòκΰ취ı״ӡ
ʱȥ죬Ӣܻû˿ξжǸӳûһʿһ˵ʵûˣ͵˯е˶ڲ²⣬X˼죬ͦ뺷˾Ҫ߳ӪǿӪӪȻǰξ֮
˵磬ӢⱧֿ±Ǵ֣Ϸѵͼһüսȴÿжʱһϲ֪ԼҪˡ
Ȼͣ¶ȴǰ¶ͣ߳ˣʮңһ룬׳ʵߴһ㡣һеģƽͷһӢȴպհ³ӢѾӵǽ쵽Ϣպհ³Ȼð죬ͨӾҪLģ첽˹ȥһһסˣպհ³ʱ֪ԼLĿģûж˵ֻһЦЦȴжĺ֮顣
˵Цÿ½½һȺֺ׳ʵˣȴպհ³Ӣܼŵɹźӡԭʮˣа˲Ը⵽ӢȻҲǿ
ʱξҲѾѶôһȺ׶öˡҲǳԾ˺һǰξŴµһȺٹӢܴӢܣЩʲ
ȻǸôֻû³ͼӢһûпϾͱݺݓһ⣬ֻһذһͷԵڵϡ
Щٶǰξģӱ򣬸ϽӢܳ
õӢ֣ܶЩٸٶպհ³ʮɹźѾΧסȻץСȫžͽϵǹ˹ȥ
ξ˺һŴӵӡѾȫѪָӢܵӢܣģҴңССξǲ뵱ˣһʰģһʰġ
Ӣھֱξûѧʲô氡ˣʲôã⸱ӪѾְˡ
ӢܺȻһͷԲˮţһֻʨӣξһ֮У￴Ϭ񣬺ҡǲıܲˣӪҲǲıܳ¬ϽûȨҵְ
ӢܹһЦ˵ͷúãҺȷûʲôȨְӪܹӪܰɣΥҾ棬ҪܵĳͷξҰȫʿϡ
ôһ˵˴Ӱξ½ƤξȻڴеӢܣӢܣûȨôҪڣҪڵġ
ӢܸͲЩһηؾٺȵûҽмִС
˶кȻһ㣬һȺкüһʱýһˤڵϣϽûһӪмҵؼϺʿǿʼ׷һյرȥֻǶȫ̵ءʿȻû뵽ȻϣƤñشڡ
ȺʿҡͷӢЦЦļ磬ߵ˶ǰ棬̱
ʱʿѾŵİξжһ̿ʼ㡣ǿӪĸӦ825ˣʵȴֻ689ˣȴﵽˣȥˡ
ӢѾӳԼ˵ļ±ݬ룬ǱصåξûйܣȻǳӪ֮ˣһЦһָһϵűѰξҰϡ
ɹźӱӦǡܿľͽξʵʵϣǰξɫˣ˻ӢܣҪʲôҪʲô˰绰֪ͨıܲ
ЩȻǰξţҲ֪ͨıܲӢһɹźӾĿ֮УаֵĶ
ӢʱѾһɱŰξ㣬ЩԳӪ֪֪
ξԭĲӢ̨ܵȻʿǲӪСӢɷӣֻϽҡͷ֪
ӢЦһһ֪ξûмǴҽӪ֮㲢ûҰκεĽӣӪеһжƹܡȻҷǣҵʲô⡣ôʿ䲻ʧְ֮ҾҪִҵľ档
һ˵ţȻƤͳŰξͷĳȥȻûǺ飬ξԵסʱɱĽл
Ӣȴֳ֣ͣʮ£ξѾһϢлҲûˡ
ӢŽƤϵϣȫʿӶȥȴʿǶ¶˾ηɫû˭Լӣѵǵӣ񵱱𣬼ֱһһѳŵķӽҪЩ±ˣõˣ˭ҪΥҵľ棬ֻ·ѡҪôǽҽԺҪôǽĹҾħӪͽħӪ˭Ҫǽû취˳ˡ
˵ֵպհ³
ղӢһֱL˵պհ³˶޷¶ȴڸǷ룬ӢܽеԼ֣պհ³ڡ
ӢȻLԵӪֱӵضӳֱָӣҲҼܾͣˣȫֱӡ
¶ͱߵպհ³ǰӢܵĻһ顣
պհ³־һǡ
Ӣֵ
Լ֣Ҳվ˳
ӢܵΪѵ̹ܽ٣Щʿ
ڰ¶˵һ飬Ӧǣٴξ
ӪеľٶǰξţҲûʲô汾죬ţʵڲ֮٣ӢĿǰȴ˿棬Ϊѣȴ¶ߵԼߣϰ壬ģһ־ٹǶдؾ飬Ų̫
ӢԴϲ˵ͷ֪ѾЩʿһ໹ϸҪãɢ
ξŽ⿪ϵȥϢӢȴͨнĵ绰
нܿͽͨˣӢܵӢܣǲ鷳ˡ
ӢܵûУҿܻ¬Ͻ֪᲻ǣ㡣
нȻ±ӪǳϤֻӢܣҲǸ߹֮һĳɼֻҪǿӪҴãľͽʲô˼·뷨ʹ󵨵ĸɰɣ㲻ʧģҪӪʦװһȥɭϯҪ¬ϽҲֹҡ
ӢѾЩ˽LʦʦҲûʲô˼ɣӦһҶ˵绰պհ³ԼסȥҶŵԼӪңϵ¶Ҳʱ䣬ӢԼһͻϵҪ̻ȥţϳӪء
Ӣ˾װһϣպհ³ξΣȻȨ裬ĵͼְнȥǲ᲻׼ġ
Ȼװ׳񵯷Ȼڵװûеͨǹе±ӪﻹеģЩɹźӶѵǹеİӢܾͽǹǣȴǱһֽС㡱Զǹ˵Ƚǹ֮һȴ֮һǱأЩ׳ʵɹź˵Եúǰ䡣
Ӣ뵽ЩɹźLԲͨӳ룬ֱӪĵһǽЩûоӪʿȫ׽һĽգһ죬ɱЩʿң¾һЩ˺£ǳĺ£ŻʱõִС
˵ڶ죬Щȥʿ½½Ÿ贵ſڵĻ̱һһץ˼ȥ˸ǵӣһʿ밺ξйϵ֪췢ʲôһֱ¸ͣﲻʱԻȴӢ˰ȥȫ·Ƥ޳˸
Ȼ˲ֻͬһʱԭɢʿͱսսǼϾͱǰһһϣҲ֪ķǳط÷ǳֶΣʼͬӢ֮ܵһЩпᵫܿЩʿѵĿ
ͬʱ¶ľҲˣӢܸǵľȥľһְЩҲд̶̼֮֮¾ӪѾȫ˭ҲΥӢܵ˿Ӣſʼ̸ģ˽ǵ˼״Һ¾һ˸ԼСʿͬʳһÿ˯磬֪ң£һľˣӲʩһзжȣǾѽ


 387 ϱս
ʮ֮󣬷ظӢҵĵսҲˣȴӡˣһмһ÷ĬᣬȻʮ꣬ҵ綥ľӢҷǳҵļðվǷüߵĳġ
£нҪװҲ½˼ǿӪװ׳֮⣬¶͵ĶӪ࣬Ӣܱ㿪ʼ齨ӣһĸÿлšȻšѻְࡢػǹԼʹüʽ̹˻ԿջͲĵࡣ
Ӫ棬šֱӡӡࡢ°ԼͨѶ࣬һжھĽš
ھӪ֮УӢȴһֱеעƵı仯ʱڶɭ޻һȥˣϣڶȻңĻƽ⣬ʦ˽ȥȴһп׵н죬нڶ÷ѾԭƻһЩ֯ңһƻͨڵе·ңκβƸһȴ˳ƽȡʱ׼ڶս
ң´ʱѾ˱ĸ䣬ھLһƬضĵͬʱһЩԭڶһսľҲܵӰ죬˫սȵĲǾǲڶõңĲƸⳡսֻһߵľ棬ҲֻҪ̵ʱ䱱ӾͻᱻڶȫǾٻ͡Ҫ͵ԶԶսɭڹ֮Ȼ˳
ûзʲôĵݽȨӿѾԶˡ
ڴʱӢȴڰнԼļƻòؾưһЩսɵеͼٿʼۻᣬھǶĩϢȡΪҹ磬ӢȻֻһξǶֺ¡֪ʶ㲩̸ټ¬ϽСӵѾˣ˶ĵԾܲμҹҲЩУУӢܶԾģעĿˡ
ӢЩеͼ̸ҲоЩ֮Ҳ಻Lҵ״Ŀǰƶ磬ֻҲһܶĿ֪꣬ôҲֻھлˡ
һϣӢھӪһֻȴ洫櫵ϰ壬һϢҪ㡣
Ӣ֪櫺ٸԼ绰ʱȻǺҪϢˡʲô
櫵˵ڶѾǸңڵľӣٻа˸ʦ
ӢˣʱһѾصң޷ԼϵڶѾ˽ңֺȻɳ˰˸ʦңܱͽﵽӽʮңڶϷܾ֮һˣֻһܣǾң﷢ʲô⣬ǰˡ
ʱæ櫣Ϣɿ𣿡
櫵м٣ǿ½нҳԷʱһЩأǸյõ鱨һ˵ɭҪټеҪ쿪飬оһĶԲߡ
ӢҲЩ̸ʱû˻ſ櫣ã櫣µĽչʱһ㱨
һҲû˵ģ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ӣʱ뵽ɭĽ飬ͽLδˣڶңսҪռ죬ʱǾ޷쵽ģ͸˱ȨһǳĻᣬɭڶսҲõڶҪϱս׵飬һЩԭڶսĽ̬ҲһЩıˡ
һҹӢأշתߣʮӿңĶǧ˵ǱȻһĺƽˣεʹǣôִǺӦģ治֪ʲôĶԲߣԸܹƽ²źá
ڶӢľ˴ʿǳ٣ȻЩʿûȫѾִѵֵսҲ˴Ѿսˣھһս֮󣬾ܹΪһ֧Ķ顣
վڲٳ֮ϣȻӪʻ˼ܿͣ˲ٳϣӢһȴн󻹸һȺ١
Ӣнʱһ࣬ӭȥһ񣬵ʦǿӪӪӢ㱨ȴָʾ
нһװߴӢܣһ˵ͷӢܣұ˵ټĳɼġб仯ǰˡͨҵļûУ
Ӣһͦص뽫顣
нһߵ˲ٳʿѵʲôĿǰһĻȻˣֻһȺʿǹڼҵĲš˭Ҫˣ˵һߣԱߵĳýˮƤ޺ݺݳޣһ׼гЩʿϼûһõء
нӢһۣû˵ʲôǰȥȴǰѵ߸ߵصطһȴһբżŻ𻨣Ȼŵ磬ȻǸѹ硣Ҳ˷鴤ʿǴʱڿٵͨ˭Ҳ뵽Щ±ûһ˴ͰѾޱˡ
͵ȴһЩʿڿǹУǰ˱Уһɼ롣ʿߵһߣȻ˫˼صש
룬ԱҲоƤվšҪ˭ʱ䲻ͻݺݳȥ
ʱվнһУҲ̲סˣӪѵǲ̫ˣŰʿŰʿ
Ӣ΢΢һЦǣ̣ҾŰʿ̣Ҿھǵ֪У岻ҽ֮ǰЩʧҵĹˣҲнͷϵСåڣԳƺΪʿ
нȻһԲֻǵӪӪȥлҪ˵
ӢѾЩ²⣬нԼ׵Ӫȥ
ӣнָϣվԼǰӢܣӹһ˿΢ЦӢܣȷҵһõķѵЩˡ
Ӣܵ㲻Űʿ𣿡
н΢΢һЦӢܣʵһûи㣬¬ϽͲˣ벹һǿӪ͹ԼСӺļһЩҪҵЦʱҲΪѵúܣǲҪӪʵڲ㣬ҪӪֻ»ǵʦû뵽ܹµʱЩ̵ܹʿܺãҺ⣬Ӣܣسŵξˡ
ӢлЯ
нҡҡͷӢܣʵӪҲίΪҵʦ֮УֻӪװ
һӢҲԸرܣˡֱԣִսУսѾҪˣҪװĻǳܲŪЩװ׳
нҡҡͷĿǰѣǱزѾǳˣɭϯҲԽ
˵⻰ӢܵȲ˵װ⣬Ӣܣʵ㣬ʦӵ񣬾Ҫǰ߿ˡ
ӢһǷɭڶսңѹͻѹ࣬ǸϢ
ȻҪװʲô֪뽫ָҾʹ
н˵ͷǿӪ½ãҲȥģ쿴ѾʦЩں֮ҪǿˣԤӦÿԡ
˵ãӢܣ׼һ£㣬ȫӪʦǰ߽ǿӪʱʦֱӹָӡ
ӢӦǣнʹҴ߳ӪʦȰȥˡ
ӢܵһһߡټȾٵӪᣬн˵ˣôҸ׼
磬н˴żǿӪ͸ȫʦһˣҹ֮ͣ󡣾͵ǰߣнǰŵģӢܵļǿӪûв𣬶ΪԤʦʱӢֽӵ櫵鱨֪ȨǷڶң֮ϷսȻŷǳķ硣нսļҪ֮£žϱǰڶһ̣ȥԭڱȴڶǿռȥĿ³¶Ҳ̽һڶʵԼķӦ
һսӮ䣬Ծнصʦִ
ⳡսȻսͷӸյûһСʱսʹˣڶǱȻѾ˷ս쳣ļңӰһֱڶϡǹһֱûͣӢסԼļǿӪлˡ
ȻֹСʱӢܽӵнĵ绰֪ڶﾹ³ԮʦܱѾѷװڵʦҪʵ֮ʮСʱʦһЩֵܲӵѾﵽһ룬붯ǿӪˣϹȥǰϵһŹռһеһ£Ϳֱͨ³еıѾĵط˿³еĵʦʿԿ³ϷγɺΧ֮ơ
ӢܽӵȫӪǵŵıˣȴŲ㳤һٶף޵üǿʵȫøֽܳɣʱѾڼҵؽУϳʿʬ⣬Ѿݻ˵̹ˡ
ζжһպУų¿ѾأһĻҳӢԼͬ˾ƵģֵͣӪϵˣҵѾһҹӪʣûһ룬ʵûٽˣʦǵʦǼǿӪһܹҰ
Ӣǰŵ϶˵պУǸʲô
պУҲһŵıм翸ʽ̹˵ǵ̹˸ȥ⻹һڱӪǵǳ󡣡
ӢܵڱӪܲȷλã
պУЦҡͷڱӪõ155ڣ̳25޷ȷλãҪǰǶˣǾͺð
˵ŻƿյĺХ֮պУɫһ䣬ˣſ¡
˵Ѿͷſ˵ϣӢҲѸٵſԱߡ
һأǰ治ԶͷµڲͣĶţֺֹǧٱӢܱһҲǰݣһЩСɣʵսѵ֮Ӣһ湦һöڵһĻǼʬ޴档
߰˷ңֹͣӢպУվȴͷ˰ʬ壬պУղǿˡ
ȴಡһ죬žͼ϶˵ͷмҷɣ죬ȴǼڿڻõȴǻڡ
ӢܶԻйѧϰ֪Ҫȼ緢װãڻУڲҪܹܾ޴ѹıţҲûкװãܶ෢ͷ䵯ϴĻŵǷٶȿ죬ͣͻϮԺã䵯ɢ󣬷ǳ׼ֻܶĿдԷ׼ǺЧģڻ޷׼ȷˣҪͨţʵޱȡ


 388¡ݵʤ
ӢùǰԶȥȻͷһƬ֮ȻľʯѾȻ޳оЩͰİȻûбݻ٣ʱɼڶǹԼӰ
պУȻ֪Ľһģǳ˻ھȻڣЩÿõļһڽƽ䣬ܹɵЩʹˣ˵еѾˣģô򣺲۶𡣡
ӢҲĬĬ˼ţУԹطܸûУ
պҡͷûãǰ˱꣬ˮ̫ӼˣҶзʿǼܸûڣѾˣֻܴϹ
֪ҪͨȴըţǾֻһܣǾǵõϷָʾŻôը٣Ҳ赲סģôһ̲Ĵ˵ԮϵȻҪͨʱصľԼһˡ
պУʱѾһĪչˣӢܵӪ㶼ˣô죬ûˣָȨȫ㣬㿴ô򡣡
Ӣһٶ׵ĸּţһʱû˵ǿӪĿǰװԱʶպУǿ٣ҸղҲˣֻҪдʿﱱͷ׼ǿ˾ͻӺںʿǸ޷֯ЧĽӦ޾ܰװ
ʱ뵽һ£ˣǵĿվȥˣ졣
պУҡҡͷǵĿվʵ̫ˡ
ȫɵǰ˵Ŀվڼս鲻ǡ
ӢˣҲǰֻ̾ϣĿվܹʤҪ֪ƿȨִսмǾԵأʧȥƿȨôⳡ̾һ룬ǲܹؿ³УڶԷվҺը¡Ҳֻкˡ
ʱ뵽һ£պУͣȴԼϢغؼǿӪȥյʱָӲʹҴҵ˽Ӫǧǿǵʿȫ¶ڵڵΧڣ޷ŵġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷӪָӲͨѶڹţȴûмӡ˼÷Ĭᡣ
±һȥͨѶļξ÷Ĭξ
ǾӦǣ㼱æ˳ȥһͼ÷Ĭ˽
Ǽһ߽Ӣҵ졣ԭôΣգ֪ҾͲӦΪǮӡȵˡ٣Һ÷ĬˣͻȥӦĳҲҪˣߣߡ
ӢѾϵǵķӦʱһǹݺݵһģãҪҲԣڸ·һǼ£һΪӱǹУˣѾ飬˾ΣõǵʱҪ˭˳ֻ·һ
ӡھӪǼʶӢܵӲģ֪˵ɱ˾ͻɱˣκεĻ÷Ĭɫһ䣬æ٣Ǽ˵Ҫߣûҵ¡
ʱð÷ĬᣬһҪߵ£ղſ˵ڱûˣһ㵱ѣʱȻҡ
ӢҲµȥ÷ĬᣬţţһҪԷڷǳҲλܲܲȺʲôط
÷ĬῪŶĵأͷһһȻɼ˵ڱҪ˱꣬뱣ͨѶڶԷͨѶǳ࣬޷ȷڻ֮Ǿܹ׷ٵǵľ巽λˡ
ӢԶʱϲ֪սִսеҪԣĸȥӡȷܹ𵽷ǳõġ
ҪԷڻͱҪȥյУӢɳǰȥҪֻ𹥣ʱעԷڻ𣬾ıסԼ
÷ĬᵽһͨѶǰ˶ڿʼĻťϸ洫죬Ȼ״ʲô
ʱҵӢԶȥȴԼѾȫſ˵ϣڵķԸֻ𹥡ڵĺХſ˵ϣ˲ءӢͨԻǰҪߵ̫죬ֻҪܹ˵ڻɹ
ͣͣȻ˵˵ֻڣһβӢܷʣͼ÷ĬἸͬһʱվĻš໥һƣȻɼµ١٣סˣסǵλˣȺڴź幫Զĵط
һ˵ţһָָ״һ㡣
Ӣ֪ǲŪպУϵҪͨڱӪȻɼǱ꾡꣬ڱӪ̹
ʱӢܱ㰲һǰ档뵽ʿǶǳս±ûоսɱЩӣֽպհ³ֱӵɹźǹڳ֮˭ҪǸҺһ̾͵ǹУ顣
ʮ֮󣬾ͼԼڱϷ˾޴죬ڡಡ֮ڶ⣬һŴŵǰȥ
ͬʱϰöȻڵ䡱Ĵѷйͷ
Ӣ֪ʱˣ˴ǿĳţżǿӪʿںػǹȻڵڻ֮ǰ塣
һΡȻûڵӺ󷽷ղŵĻڴȻѾ˵˵ȺѾռ˱һ
˵ʿƺڵźڵ֧Ԯ֪ǿӪʿ嵽ŵмŷӦ
İжʱл̾һʿ˵ϡ
ӢûϴЩʿһδ̣һǰ˵£ˣպհ³ѾںţϵؿǹӱЩʿҲˣҧǰȥ
ʱȴͷһƬŨܵԭʿ˴ȫס˵ߣûãŵ϶˴˴ĺȴѾ˳˹ȥ
˿ӿŵʿѾԽԽ࣬ǹҲԽԽң֮಻˰Сʱ֮ǹͽϡԽд˷ܵӪӪͷѾȫס˿ʼ룬˿ʼ롣
Ӣˣжʱһɣ֪һˣЦļ÷Ĭ磬Ȼ˳ȥԼָӳĹš
в۫ºԨѾȫɢֻͷõӣȫһЩѪɵʬ壬ЩͲըٵذⶼָΪҲǰͷԼȻûпǴսǳһףԼ治Уйһֱֻһξʵ̫ϧˡ
ʱպУѾһװ׳ˣҵӢܣϽ³ס֣һĲͣҡŵѽʦˣʦ˰ʧ˽Ӫû취ô͹ˣ治ףô֪ЩȺʲôطģˣˡ
ӢȻ˵̫࣬΢΢һЦպų˰ƻɰΧɣʲô齻ǻͷ˵
պУͷϽ֪ͨӹţȻָµʿǰŹ·о
Сʱ֮󣬲ѾʱطĵʦҲѾʹȻڵֿϷӼԼغ󷽳˱ûټȥܿϲ󳷣һСʱ֮³ѾȫӶأеǹֹͣ
һ̴ʤ˸߲ңﵽƮıȨ뻶ʤҪ֪Щ
ϷӵװѾԵڱӣ˫СģĽս٣³жˣ¶أʵü
ӢܿһУȴûκεЦݣΪ֪ⳡʤᱣֶãڶǲʧܵأһ֯ǿķֻºѵֵ
ӾڡӢһֱſ³ǵطӦǶһľƺԼϷͳλǱͳθĮģһЩսбݻ˵ķݼɱ˵ʬʧʹޣȴǺĸпڻɱ¾κһս޷ģƽ񶼻֮ܵ꣬ǣڣLսѾϰ꣬Ȼˮȣȣʱпʧȥ԰ʧȥ˵Ļ֮УڷḻԴڱй˾ӶᡣȻûһ룬Lδ롣Ǹýˣһжýˡһжˡ
***********************************************************˵ڶ죬ɭԷٿ³Уսейľٰ佱ӢΪ˵ţǰսһöʮѫ£õرȴǵҹӢܱȹǹĸ˹У´󹦣һУΡ
Ӣ֪˹УսдĵдӵһټʽսԷһʮڼսڿ³ǰϿսս׿ԽķмָӲȡ˴ʤԼֻʧʮսȴ˶ԷʮսõҪƿȨ֤ⳡսʤ
佱֮󣬷ɭʹھ٣ӢעŷɭȴʮңͷѾףݵҺڵƤЩ񱱲ɽЩũ񣬿ǱڶֱһЩ
ɭҲûôעһξֻеֺ˿ȥн߹Ӣܵļ˵˺öػҪúõĸɣȫܹõá
ӢнԻһƣĴתƣȴ˹УվڲԶ֮Ȼһжӣߵǰ棬΢Цһٱ˹Уףοսݣõ˽
ֻξεӢܣ˹УȶһЩҲ΢΢һЦ˱һھƵӢܣϴμ㣬Ҿ;˲򵥣鼸£ξˣõ˽ʮѫ£ܲװ
ӢһЦⶼҪнЯ
˹УҡҡͷֱԲĵнھһλǸʵڵˣҪû汾£ǲЯġ
ӢһЦȴת˻⣬˹УΪľΣ
˹УԣɫʱܲãҵõϢڶѾﹺʮF/a-22EMDսĿǰվսԶǵսοսûеϲûвսǣֻܡ
벻һ򽾰ĸ˹УȻˡܡ۶Ӣһ㶣ȴվʽսF/a-22EMDսͬǹԶǹһ˴㣬ȴŵˣܡȻ˵ҲǱʵΨһ취˹УǸڹֱˣֲƽʱѲࡣ
Ҫ䣬Ȼһľ֮ȴǿϮǰźš
˹У϶ʱɫһں˱еľƣˣһݣһݡ
ʱɭڴ˹У˹Уػأ˵ĿվʼˣһҪǻ
˹УЦһ£׼뿪ӢȴһĵУйһɽڣûաҪȥνء
˹УعͷӢһۣ˵ͷȻͺܿ뿪ˡ
ʱҵıը֮ѾȻλкըڶԱפҹ֮УĿը֪жʱ֮Ϊҽٰʬ޴档
˿ķղҲҵĿڻûжЧը֮ѾԽԽˣɭھķ֮´Ҵ뿪ھҲڷ׷׳롣
Ӣ߳˾а佱ıȴ³ѾһƬ𺣣˼һڿŽ뿪ӣǺѹĹ棬һѵ£Ҹңɼ
صļǿӪפأӪҲըըˣʮʿʮʿˣӢѾϵƵķչʿʰװʱ׼롣
ûã³еϿһɻĺǼҵĻͷ뻮ƳյһööʱԼȼŵķɻӿкХ׹¡Ӣ֪˹Уսھһεûɱֻϣܹƽ²źãL̫ҪĿվ˲ˡ
ȻһСʱ֮Ͽյǹ֮ͽʧȻкըϷʼ˵ڶֺըһΣȴȸղŻҪ־ûҪҡ
ʱӢܽӵнҪ̴ˣӢѾ׼ãµ绰ʿԭ·أǵŵıͷʼ֪ը֮ϷĲӦˣţֻҪը١
ǹ֮һҹ˵ڶ糿Ѿӿ³ȫŶҲϷӣֵǣǲûŵı˽Ǿ͵޽ļ
һֱ磬Ӣܺһھڷֹͣͼֻȴóĵһ仰ǣӢܣңˡ


 389 ǰ
ӢңϢµľлȥָӲֻպհ³ŵ磬ҲϢڶңô£
ڶȫˣҪ̵ʱ˳ңеĲƸ⵽ǵţңİֲ·ȻӿʼɱЩգǻе˵򣬾ͽׯŮȫȫɱһ
ӢԣжʱһԫϱڣʬҰľжʱǱ͵ľһ£ֻʹޱȣҧŸֲ˵Ҫ֯˺һЩ߽ȥȥûУڶﻹ֡
ʱҲǶƴڶҪǻƽҪңеĲƸǲ˼ʲôģһЩ֯ȥֹǵɱҲλɱˣѾмð¼Ӱ˳ǰְ͵ϢһģýѾ˱ֻӦѵó
Ӣæڴ̣ûעţæôӦԵģ
ְѾ˽˵ڶ𡣴ת´λսѾ˷ˡ
ӢܵЩôأ
ְըҩڲϵĿɽҲڰ䶴ѾͨɽһͨйһͨSڻڼͨ࿪ټ·
Ӣ֪ңҪҲ̫ѣȥֻǼֻв÷ɽԽİ취ըҩټϴ룬ôĵؽ硣Ҫ׿ĵطʵڲ⣬ڶ޷סңϵģһûƽǷǳҪġ
ʱӢֵңĻƽŶڶûУ
Цһе·ְըٵ÷ǳɻ޷ȥڶʲôҲò
Ӣܵ磬ҵõϢڶңʮӽȥ
ҽҲյϢˣְӦܹӦ㲻֪Ǹԭפң̩ڶĲбҲܲѾðְͨʦѾȫ˹Ӷ
ңİնڵʦ̩ʿǴϱЩʿңİȻͬġټǶڶﲢҳϡν֮±·תΪӶҲ֮С
ӵʦڶľһྭϸѵʿңǴװλսܹϴóġ
뵽Ӣһɣȴְ㣬ôеôˣ
Ӣܵɭڶ￪սڶĶ֣Ҫһôˡ
Ҳ취֧Ԯңˣĸװаңֻûиκ˵֪
Ӣһοĸ׿Ѿȫ߳˵Ӱȷѡ
ʱ뵽һ£磬ΰְû˴رĿŸҡ
㶣ûУΪʲôرؿţ
Ӣܵɱڶ
ƺ˼ţҲְʲôؿǡ
˿ӢҲȻ׹ԼҪһͳLڶĿǰǲܴɱģרбѾ˹һƬ߿Lİ֪֮ҲıиеһжԼļƻġڶķҲһˣѽһɱһնڽʵͳһ̰ͼңĲƸֶֻҪЩǾͻָ鷳ľ棬Ҳһ뵽һʱܹõĺƽһȫµLҲֵõġ
ֵã÷ʲôʱϵְڼͨĵطˣʲô£ֻҪһ绰һ֮ھͿԴְˣԼҲҪء
ӢܴӦһ͹Ҷϵ绰Լһν硱ҲһνԼ÷򡱵˶ȻĽ˳ǰһһ뵽˹ȥֳͻ˾ı仯֮ʵ޷ԤƵġ
ʱӢҲ뵽ڶΪʲôôӶңĲƸˣǾ޶ľF/a-22EMDսȽÿ۳Ԫڶ󲻱Lƶ⼸һֻ֣Ҳڶеϱʵ֧Ųסʵ̫ҪǮˣңϣҲϣ𣬾˵òƽŶͻԽԽԽԽбң
ĺƽ١
պհ³һֱԱĬĬӢܶȻʮֵΣͽңľ˵ˣóֻŻվȻһҾ徵ͼƬӢֻ˼ۣͲٿȥ
ң£йʱѾ˱İڶ԰ѪޱȵɱҲߡ
սȭͷӢŽԼļƻ˵ˡ
Ӣ˺Ի͡ļƻպհ³𾪣Ȼ͸˷ܵɫ
Ӣܣ˵ʵұѾ׼飬L̸ҵļλ˾ҿǸѣأ벻룬ãֻҪΪ񣬺Ρø綨ˡ
պհ³ӢܣһƬᶨȴֻӢܣˡ
ӢˣҲһƬȳȻֱۣѾӵһ˭Ҳû˵ʲôӺģȴѾۺϵһ
һ죬ûʲô仯ϷȻûнӢĵǸڶңرеķӦйһ̬ǴڶƽѪɱȻϲңĻ˽йڣṩһеذҪϹٿ飬ң⡣
Ҳ̬ȼʵָڶңǷ˵ģǷǵģȻָLκιȨ档
ĹңڶнĹ⣬һƬָ֮ҪڶӲɱ޹ƽ
ڶʱҲһ˵ȥңļ߱Щʬ嶼ֳǹеЩŮСڽսбʣҪûеõʱɱģLľǷǳʴȣİչϵǳãرǳͼƬȴһLʿһǸһŴͳΣСӣСӳǿĵЦˡһһңĳˣһдšƷ⽨ڶͳǵľǡдȴL֡
ӢܿˣֻЦСǳԣȻЦÿģ֪ĸĸڲڡǺǿЦȻɷLһЩй֮ͨȴǲͬϵԾLʿдȥģֻǺƭ˽˰ˡ
ֵĶ֮УӢܸ櫴һ绰㵽ĿǰɭԱӵ̬ԼڶǱߵĶһ֮櫵鱨͵ˣӢ֪ڶѾɭͨҪһ֮ڣеľӽеͶϷ˽ӹܣͽȽģ޷ֵսԷɭնжɭڿִ£ս͵Ľÿն۲ݣȴһҪӽеͶһѾռϷ硣
Ҷϵ绰Ӣȴھþõ˼ڶﱩսԸڷɭô֮¾Ȼֹܹͣ
ʵ˷ɣûв´пڶľѾˣңǱ߻ҪռϷ¶ԷɭʩѹһһͿȫװǱˣȻսѾLеİϾֻʮܡصĵҲޣҲҵͷɣܹԿ˷ġ
Ȼ֮ӢܵļǿӪͽӵ֪ͨȵо䡣
ӢܶнǾأ֪̬ȣصȵк󣬾̸ϵʦ
нָ⣬нµܽеܽеҿԿ϶ڶѾǿ֮ĩ޷սء
ɭϯǧҪЩĺ˵˵򲻵ڶͳȥҲһв㣬ɭϯ㵱ʼҸʮ꣬ۿ㽨ⱱܽϯλù˰
ʱɭڵ绰ﲻ֪˵Щʲôֻнúܲεǣǣ֪ˣҷ
ӢŴĵʦǿӪξӪӢܱ档
н˻ӢܽȻӢܣʦʲô𣿡
ӢһҾõֹͣͼǳֵûɣ򽫾棬ɭϯѡ
нһȻҡҡͷ̾һûˣûˣӢܣȥɣɭϯѾڶеҪ˶þϷɵ˹ˡ
ӢܶʱôУڶʵû£ǲܱʮսͺͶ˰
н֪֪Ǹ˹УսնʮӺ󣬾ͺȻеս³ϿգȻԼҲˣɭϯԥһսȷʧȥġ
ӢҲһ㶣˹Уǰɫ֪˫սӵأȻˣпܲΪӣΪ˱汱վʵֻ뿪LʵLһʧ
нӢܣ֪㲢һƽսڶ屨𣬲ֻʧˣе֮㻹ǻйȥ⣬ϰ壬˵ʵLĲ˴ĵط
һŵнҲ˵˴ֿڣӢֵأе֮׼ô죬ǲҲȥ⣿
нҡҡͷɭϯʶЯ֮ڶԸžǷɭϯֹֿͣҲŹģҪ׷淲ɭϯҲʶʮꡣ
벻нȻңӢܶʱȻ𾴣ȷһĺý֪ộִἫѵõĵ壬Ϊ˷ɭʶЯ֮ͽԼ֮⣬Щ͵͵ڹ˾޶Ʋĸ߹ٽ֪˶ٱ
ʱĵҾ÷ɭϯĵƺһЩ³һսʵûдףҲµòٺݺݴһ̣ҲڶĵӾ¶ˡ
֪ڶвɭҪնж£Ȼû˵
нӢܣƺҪ𣬵סˣҡҡͷ㲻˽ⷲɭϯǸӢµֵþĽǺڶ̫ãҲ̫ƣˣʮȻڶϱΣʵڶռ˱ˣĸԴڱÿ껹ҪɴĹ˰ʵɭϯ֪ڶٶԱģֻ벻ô֣ΪԼݳûл㹻ĲƸ
ӢܵϢ˵ϷһƬµأʲôңĻƽڶɾȥӶᣬ⵽ĵֿںѾݽȥˣҪԸڶ⽫ΨһĻˣɭϯʱҪڶеʵ̫ǣҲһ޴Ϊ
нֵӢܣ㲻˵ˣе£Ƿɭϯһ˵ľԺвıܲЩһսĽûж٣ʿҲʤģˣˣȥɣʿúõϢҵȻ账绰ǰǮγңˣʦҲˡ
нһĻӣӢҲ˵͸ǳʦܽеһжˣԼļƻ޷ɹ˵ڶû˺֮ǣңӴͶرѹֻҲ޷Ӧ
Լֻǰ׼жˡ
صӪӢȸѶһ绰취ҵ˹У˽һǳáȻһһ֪ͨμҹЩеͼٽۻᣬȻ컹ģڴҶڷż٣Ӧö֪˾ӾҪڶеϢ֪ǵ뷨ЩְλȻߣʵľȨʢҲСĿǰ˵ҲֻˣټԭѪǱھеˣͿܷ䣬Ʒɭ̨ӹܱƶڶߣȻðգµѾ޷ѡˡ
ϣӢܱŰ¶͡պհ³˲ľưɣѶҲѪĳԱûеҪʱӢǲ¶ġ
Щ½½ĶˣҹȻ֪Ҫ򱱷ӽе飬鶼ܳưԱȹȥҪࡣ
Ӣ׼ʳǷḻģرòϵԾƣҪõʵ뷨
ȵҵľƲˣӢܱվλڶ˾ҪǵеӴ˲ٴڣֵҲҪҾĺȣ顣
Ӣ˵⻰ͼһлξƱһˤģҾǲڶüʮܷɻͽɭϯסˣҪԹԵĽеͶ˵̸ûƾʲôǾˡ


 390 䣨1
˷ɧʱһξǸû䣬ΪʲôҪڶǸֵģҪȫӹLǸûӹˡ
žһУһǺȾƣǺȾƣۣЩ·ɭϯԺвıܲѾ˾Ƿӱǣ鷳
Ļ䣬Ц޿Уҿ̣˵ڶҲн飬Ȼûϵˣ˵ľȥ
˵⻰ֵ˵ڶǿŷֵشҪԸûôףҲһʱɭϯҪͶºˣڶ԰ĵıǸƯ÷Ӣ˯ˡ
ӢĬĬڹ۲죬ȴЩвսռ˶Щĸ߹뽫ȫȻһҲף߹뽫ǶѾŪĿƵǮƣټһѵ޶С滹ϵ鸾ܣҲĹ±ӣȻԸðڶսˣЩеͼľٴֻǿӣԭǮҲ࣬ӽе֮ɢһʱڶڲ֮ͬ£߲ԱͲԱ˼ȻһˣЩͲԱǡǡҪģʿǵ뷨Ҳࡣ
һӢаˣ״ҪʵּƻҪػһƻĳɹѾʼ˾롣
ʱվֵðʵ֪ҵ뷨жٲͬ
ԱɭϯľǷӢ
һ˵ţһ߾͵ﲻԸеͶؾ;ôҿǵ
˵յһ֣ھٴʱѾ˾⣬Ӣд㡣ЩԸϷսĶ߸ߵľȴռ֮ϡ
Ӣ԰¶͵¶ͣסЩԸսĶЩʲôˡ
⻰־ãΪʿһ
оٹսľٶվٱԵؾһ
¶ЩѾĽ飬ȻʮϤЩᣬɨЩλϵľ顣Ӣܵ˵ͷʾסˡ
Ӣ˳ӡ󣬱Ҫʼڶھ֮󣬱ȻҶڶ̡дһսɭϯҪǱڶֽе֪ûУžдͬĻǩǣ
˵⻰òֽܿдһ̶ִʼҵս飬Ȼպհ³ȥҪھǩ档
ҪġһҪ͵ɭϯȥղվȾƵľһ־ˡӢҲǿֻЩǿӲսǩ֡һжʮ٣Ҳռ˽һ롣
ھٶս벻սĲ̬ͬȣӢѾۻĿѾﵽȰҺһ֮ɿţԼʹѶ¶͡պհ³˺ķһжƻ
ȴҶºѶȴӢܣοӢܣȷԽԽˣҲԽԽǻˣϰûа׷ѪɫӦóԤơ
Ӣ΢΢һЦѶҵĽ̹٣뾭ḻҲˣ˵˵һĿ
ѶЦСӣˡ
Ȼô˵ţȴĿǰҲֻзˣ뷨ͬһʱסɭһЩҪĽ죬սǩľǾҪȥȡǵ֧֣ٹֵЩҪһ
¶͵û⣬½ңҾȥһǣ¶кôǲܾء
Ӣ֪¶ҲѾ죬ȫİ˵ͷϳѪˣԤıڴҶӪΪλڸʦҪñ˷ֻ֣ڶʱͻȻж
¶͵ʱ䷲ɭЩ߹ٽ쾭ᣬҪһᲢѣҪԸǾ˾ķ˹ٽȻֻвˣܾȵΧĲӷӦͻὫΧסʱΣˡ
Ѷʱ΢Цķ˹ٽһܹԸ
Ӣԣ̲µҪ˵ʲô櫡
Ѷ˵ͷǣ櫣ķ˹ٽͱԻͷ취ķ˹ٽȻסӣҲһ·ȥΧסɭǵ¥¾󹦸ˡ
ӢҲ֪ˣһһƵãôˣʱڶ˾Ҫˣʮ֮ڣǱһж
˵ڶ죬Ⱦǰ¶ͿʼжȥϵսǩĶʮ٣ϣЩʢֶ״ľ˰¶͵˼֮ûвӦģʾʱӰţԴԼض鵽ָص㡣
ʱӢѾ֮ɭҪٿһɱȫ߹뽫μӵĻ飬ڶ˽ӦþǶֵˡ
ھʱ֮ӢܾͰ櫵ֻ
ֻһ֮󡣾櫵ιϰ壬ʲôԸ
Դ֮Ȼûر䵭ҲûбԼİ⣬˵Ķǹ¡ӢҲ޷Ʋ뷨ȻĿǰ˵Ҳ޷ȥ˼ЩŮ˽飬ֱӵ櫣֮ɭٿһȫ߹뽫μӵĻ飬׼ʱˡ
櫲ûбʾκεؾֻϰ壬˵ɣҪʲô£
ӢܵڵѾ˾ķ˹ٽԼҪǵľӲܰΧáķ˹ٽӦҲҪμӻ飬֪ܲܽг
櫳Ĭһƺ˼ʲôȻӦûʲô⡣һ취ġ
Ӣܵãʱһָж
櫴Ӧһ͹Ҷ˵绰
һ죬ӢܶڰĲεľ䣬ľ֮£ɭĽ䱸̫ϣֻҪסķ˹ٽõؾӵߣԼܹɭеĸ߹뽫Χסʱֻһ룬ܵõ߹뽫ǵֻ֧֣ɿеͼľ٣ֻҪǴͬԼΪת֧Լǲǳɹ
ֻԼѪĳԱϵһС־׷棬αֻʧܸգؾΧ֮ԼĴҲ뼫ȵΣ֮С
Ŷڴܿ͹ȥˣһŵ㣬ɭȻټڸ߹뽫ÿᣬӢѾõϢΧ򾯱˾ʿҪӲҪСʱֻҪıӷӦͻʧܡ
ӪȻǱͷӣ¶ͲȥˣʱȴӢܵӢָӼǿӪԼȴպհ³˾ưɾ櫵ĵ绰ɹ񣬶ؼƻʵ̫Ҫˡ
Сʱȥˣ櫵ĵ绰Ȼûдպհ³ھưתתȥӢȴѶ벼ᣬʼеĺʲô¶ûзһ㡣
պհ³ˣߵԵϰ壬ʲôʱˣ㻹ȵ¾ƣҪǸķ˹ٽϵĲǲǾȫˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȫ֪Ѿв٣ѱպ󲻻©ƻʧܣǾҪ׼תˡ
պհ³˶ţ㻹
Ӣ΢΢һЦ
̧ͷżʲôãܲܰ櫰ķ˹ٽ
պհ³һ㶣ҡҡͷ
ӢܵһƣԼߡպհ³ʱԽżͻԽңԽң͸֪һô죬Ƿɵĺáϣκ¶пܣκҲûпܣֻҪˣʱֻ
ѶҲһֱӢе̬ʱҲɵõ˵ͷϰ壬ȷǾˣܺãѾ߱һǡǿԷˡ
ӢܾűҹһڣҲżһԭ򣬷ɭᣬǿģʱķ˹Ҳδسÿҹ櫻ʱķ˹뿪ڻһСʱ櫣ʧġ
պհ³һڽ꣬Ӣܣһŵϰ壬ǵһñȻһѵʱ龰ˣ仯ܴ治ǸҹȥʶӢܣұꡣڱúҴˡ
ӢܹЦպհ³ļͷ⡣ϵ̫죬ɲǺ£ҪԽԽĺá
ӢʱɽʱִǷȤȫ˿͸Ըպհ³ҲɵҡͷжǴ˾һˣֵԼ׷ġ
ʱһһĹȥѾ磬Ǳ߻ûʲôѶ벼ᶼ̲סʼˣӢȴòȥŪ˰˳ţţζĳ
ֹ˰СʱңȴӢܻеֻѶᡢպհ³һվ
ӢܲĽͨ绰˿̾ưܾĿһŮ˵ֻӢܵã֪ˣ͸Ϲ
Ȼ͹Ҷ˵绰
պհ³һʵϰ壬ǲϢˣ
Ӣӹһ˿΢Ц˵ͷһطķ˹Сʱ֮ͻȥҪǰϵ
һ˵ţһ߾ͻ˻֣վȴѸޱȣʱҪľٶʱˡ
Ѷἰպհ³ʱȫĺ棬ѶüգѶ˵صطʻȥ
ʮӺ󣬾üվͣȵǧƵ£Ӣܴ˴Ҵҳŵݵߵв㣬˿ںŷӢܾͰ塣
ֻһžʹˣ㷢ˣźɫȹ޵õ廨һվſڣӢܣ̵ķ˹Ҫˡ
Ӣܵ˱˽ȥȴһͳ׷ļ䷿ݣȫشȵеشҲԶѡǷǳʵġ
櫹ţ̵ķ˹һţһ棬Ȼȥ
˵žָָһӣȴǼ伫ҡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãѶᡢպհ³ǾͶԸķ˹ҶԸ
ѶԣæͷӦˡ
ʮ֮󣬹Ȼ֮𣬲˵ķ˹ˡ
ʱѶ߽鷿Ӣܾ͵ң̨һǡ
櫴˿Ѿţи˵Ǽš
ŽŲԽԽȴ߽ңһ죬ķ˹ٽѾҵŹˡ
ʱֻķ˹ٽ˵㵽ʲôίô㲻֪
ҽڿᣬǳ鲻ģΪ㣬ʲôԲ˵ģ㲻֪жϲ㣬һԼҳľƵ棬ǲͨ׼Ӧҵˡ
ȴŵصӦʲô
ķ˹ٽȻû뵽һϸϸ櫻ؿǸԼ˵ʱסˡþòôŭ櫣ˣңѵ㲻֪˭𣿡
ʱĶȻʹ櫴ɱķ˹ٽҲ֪˭
Ӣ֪Ѿˣ˳ȴķ˹ٽѾղⓁͷת򣬵櫵Ľ£µǹʱҲ櫵С
ķ˹ٽһ˳ԼǰɫǱˡеˣ˰д̿ͣд̿͡
ȻȴûκεķӦľ鵹Ҳḻ֪״ľѾסһʱĿɿڴ֪Ϊ
ʱ˹ȥݺݓһ⣬еú𰡣ÿһĵ£Ҫĳɱˡ
ķ˹ٽһȭ櫻ȥȻȭͷûеһۣѾԱߣһƾͿľ࣬ķ˹ٽˤ˵ϣŲžֵ񣬲㡭˭˭ʲô񣿡
櫴ʱѾһ֦ż̵õ壬ָָӢܵʲôҪҵϰˡ
Ӣܱ˹ȥָָԱߵɳʾķ˹ٽȥ
ķ˹ٽʶӢܣߴ뺷һˣжʱ顱˿ûзͷ͹ԹԵɳ֮ϡ
ӢҲ˹ȥһɳĶ£ķ˹ٽҲǸˣҾͲ˵ϻˣҪ̽õĲӳߡ
һķ˹ٽ۾ʱɴˣӳߣ㡭Ҫʲô
Ӣܵ㻹ҽһ䣬ֹɭϯڶͶ׼ս
ķ˹ٽ뵽ʱ򷢶䣬ɵ㡭㡭̫ˣ̫ˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ΢ЦҾôķ˹ٽѡˣҵı
ķ˹ٽûֱӻش𣬶ǵͷҲ֪Щʲô


 391 䣨2
ķ˹ٽ˵ʱȴվӢЦķ˹֪֪˭
ķ˹Ȼ֪𰸣̧ͷ˭
ȻĵLû˲֪Ѫ飬û˲֪ӰңҲǳѪڵϰ塣
ʮѪLɱľҪԱڰϴȻҲеһδɱżʧֵʱ򣬵̾ͻ֯ڶֵĴɱƶ󣬶֪ѪĴһɱ֡Ӱ֮Lڰﰵĺһ˵ӰȥٵһǺĳ˹ӶûʧֵҵԼͷϣӰҲһֲ
ķ˹û뵽˻ͻȻԼǰӢܣð˵ȴԵ¶˿־֮ɫ
Ӣ֪ʱһԼִ˵һЦķ˹Ҳ֪˭ǡˡ
ķ˹Ҳ˵Ӱǳ֣ǾǡƱ롮ˡ벻˭۸ģѱСèһŮɷǣап࣬䵽Щ˵иͱܡ
ʱϰ壬ķ˹ļҶ֪һţӣ鸾ҲӣŮЩʲôطҶ֪ҪҪǶŪˣķ˹þ޶Ǯ꣬Щ˲٣ٽû˵ɣЩɶ˵ġ
⻰һķ˹ɫʱ԰ԷŶһٲκŮˡѪʲôҪļץ
ź鸾ˡԼѾˣŮɲܲ갡ԷҪʨӴ󿪿ڣԼʿеǮȫˣģ͵ܣ·Ѿ׼ˣʱܱԼá
̵ͷܸɴĵãϡҲ޷˵Ҫô
ɣҪ֤ҺҼ˵İȫ
û뵽ķ˹ٽôʹӦԼҪ󡣸Ӣ˱Щ߹뽫ǵ뷨нйʵ̫˰
˵ͷû⣬˵ҲҪסҵıɹˣǲģһϵˣ⴬ˣ˭л·ҡ
ķ˹ٽֻʲôˣúãϣǵ⣬ľӽ˰ɡ
ķ˹ٽôӢܵز˵ʵһ⣬һľϲʱʶԼı䣬һر΢ʱڣķ˹ٽһ˼뽫ƾԼǳ
һˣϲû¶κεı飬ֻǵ˵ú֪ܺΣʼɣҵ˻ҵ
ķ˹ٽϽͷͳֻͨһ绰룬ֻһʹУ̴˳֮Ⲽǵء
绰ǱߵĸУȻʲôȴķ˹ٽҪʣִϳְ
ǸУȻʲôˣķ˹ٽֻղŻһ绰ʱһηӣѾˣӰСʱ֮ھȫ
ӢʱҲͳֻͨ˰¶͵ĵ绰¶ͣķ˹ٽѾӦǣ֪ͨǵˣóĶӪٶȸϵ
Ҷϵ绰ְͨжʼ̴ǿӪԭƻռ챱㲥Ӵ¥
Ӧţֻķ˹ٽٽȻԼˣһ߰ɣ֤ͬҪʱ̡
ķ˹ٽ֪ı䲻ɹԼѲģԼȷһϵˣҲٶ˵ֻǵ߰ɣжҪ죬һСʱ֮˱ȫס棬ȻҪЩԭشӵ㡣
˵⻰룬ֵֻһЩѣ
Ӣܵʲôѣ
ķ˹ٽӰƺԷڣҪ淲ɭϯ»⣬Щҿû취ˡ
ӢҲף΢΢һЦ߰ɣķ˹ٽ˵ֻҪҵռþͻŹ㣬ǻкĵطҪǮֻҪ˴죬Ҳʧġ
ѪеǮķ˹ȻỳɣжʱһϲֻƺøһʣȻЯ޴ӵȥúáӰºķ˹ĵطҾƴǣƴǡ
һ˵šһ߾ʹҴȥһֱӢܵһ
ӢҡͷһЦ˳ȥ
ȴķ˹ٽȫڵϣѶƨպհ³ǹվš
ûж˵һ˿ٵ¥ѶüգӢķ˹ٽĳȴһ͵ıۣLȻƶֵƵĺóȴһ򲢲ټ
ӢԿķ˹ٽڸʻϣΪⷢں棬ǹ
һ·ţķ˹ٽɳʱԿǹ
˲Զû߶ãͼӵʿڿʼ룬¶ͶӪʿһؾÿװ׳ϣ۵糸Ǳ߸ϣڰ¶еٶȣӢҲǳ⣬ȷԼ֡
ʱķ˹ٽֻˣһͨԷ󣬳ɿ壬ȴһںķ˹ٽڸʲôô˾ʿڳã˭⾿˭
ķ˹ٽһѿһŵɭϯԲȷԭ򣬲ź֪ܿˣø˻͵ġ
˵ŻԶʼһҵǹӦǰ¶͵ͷѾ뷲ɭһЩźܿͻ
Ȼӵʱ䣬ǹȫͣˣӢֻܵ𣬴¶͵ϰ壬Ѿȫƣˡ
˿ӢѾ˱õ¥£ȴһʮߵĶԲͽĸ칫档
˳ȴøѾӪ˷ʿ֮϶һɫ˿Ӣ֪ѪǶʮսľڴ½½ĸϵҲȥܣӻȡ˿ݸķ˹ٽ櫰ϣʿңȻ˳Ѷ˽˴¥
ķ˹ٽ·Ȼȥ¶ʹ绰ѯʣķ˹ֱӴǳݵ¥ȴһȣʱѾվһźǹʵź˿ĶӪʿ
ЩʿȻʶӢܵˣǰĺ˿Ҳʡ
ͨȣӢֽӵĵ绰ȴǿӪѾռ˱Ĺ㲥Ӵ¥
ȷµ绰Ѿķ˹ٽ߽һɫĴţһƽףεĴͻҶʱӡ˿дԼŽӣվֳԶǹĶӪʿ
ǰϯ̨ϣ¶ʹʿǹǷɭϯͷϣɭ̨ϲɫԵô𾪶ַŭϯ̨Χĵϣʮʬ壬űķɭҲаź˿ĶӪʿ
Ӵ߽ӢܣȺһӵߺӢܣԭ㣬ԭ㣬һжڲ߻ǲǡҿˡ
Ӣܲȥ֪нҲȥֱϯ̨¶һ񣬵ӢϯʦӪӪУ¶㱨棬Ѿ񡣽ӹ˱á
ʱнִʲôӢϯ˭ϯˣϯǷɭϯ˭Ҳˡ
нô£ʿߡҪȥסӢܶǾأ˻֡˵һߡ
ͷ׵ķɭûȥӢܣֻǶķ˹ٽ߳ķ˹ҿɴ㲻벻㾹Ȼңľӳ룬ĹεĶ
ķ˹ٽϺһְһȴӣȥԷɭ
Ӣʱߵ˷ɭǰɭϯҲ̫ķ˹ٽڱ˵ܶණǿǵġ
ɭйӡξӢܡ㵽ʲô
ӢܻĵֹڶͶڶңĻһðܹҸܹΪ֮Ժ¹ҡ
⻰Юеÿһ˶ܹҺڶ졣
ɭ˺һ󣬺ȻЦǷɵ뷢Ӣܣ֪ԼʵģΪƾһʱҵֵıܹսʤڶΣ֪֪Һ˼ʮ꣬˽̫࣬ңصط޷ԸڶģҪܹ׽£У³еսҲˣܹԸڶս𣬺ߣһðܹҸܹΪ֮Ժ¹ңӢܣΪԼǾ𣿡
Ӣ֪սҲǾǣȴһԣΪ֪LʵͳһûᣬͳһģڶΪǽLһѡ
ʱվȺенҲЦӢܣ֪ߵغļһ֪֪ղŵػж˵
Ӣ͵Ļعн˵ֻͻ߽LսʷٻһϣûһҲδܹܻҪɭϯѾ޷ҲûˣԾҲй롣
нִЦӢܣƾʲô˵ܹһ
Ӣ΢΢һЦȻһк֣üӲƾѾվƾλʱѾҵУƾѾ˵һ
ӢϬԼ˭ټϸߴ壬͸ǿҵߵİµĺһַɭڳ͡Ƕ޷еʣҲһֿ𺶵ʣʱ˭ҲΪֻʮֻǿ֪нҲĬ
ӢܻˣڿʼﲻǱL͹ҽʱͳڶͶʽսƷLڶб޳ܵĶߣ֪λ˭Ը֧ҡ
벻ӢܻȻ˵ĻѶ¶Ͷסˣǵǰļƻ֮УֻǿסӢȡɭϯλãرһL͹˸е𾪣ָе˷ܣǰL͹ȻǱȡкҲɿΧӪʿ϶¶֮ɫ
Ӣ֮ǰȷҲֻ밴ԭƻ淲ɭϯλãղЩڽԼİεͺظı⣬һĿںţΪ֪ںûģҪЩ룬ʵĲμӵͷͬùѪӵġʽһͻģԵģÿÿȴʵá
ȻȻһL͹ʣڳ͡же̶ͬȵ𺳣ǰʵ̫ˣҺжʵʮ걳˳ڶ￹⣬ԴҶûһ̬
Ӣ˽Щ˵Ҳżֳλ֪ڿᣬҲ۶ڶսǽ£ųҵĸţҺ֪ҵսĵұĵȥҿԱ֤۴ѡһߣҶΪң˭ҪĿڲһ֪ˣһ̫αܲϲ˵ġ
˵⻰ȵãڴҿʼѡ񣬼סҪĿڲһ鷳ġ
֪ԷҪڶսеͶȡɵȻұվЩ˭ս˭е˱˴ӢлȣҪҵѯʣԼ˵˼٣ֻ̾ɱ֮ǲҪðյĺãһͽǹ֮°Լԭ˼վá
нǲ붯ģ˶ֿˣԼվмԵòײ࣬̾һٲվұߡ
ӢܾĿȥȴ뽫ȷռ֮սһɫȫǴžװĽ졣
нӢܵĿԼӢܣҪڶսҪ֧㣬ֻҶµĿ
Ӣܵ˵ͷȺսĽȥȫЩнٽϽһǼ½˾ķɭһǿվ˾ϽıܲĲıܳ¬ϽУ˵ͷ֪λ¸ңС䣬ΪûʸL͹ʱͳҲдͬУλĽվһλʱͳֻҪĵL룬Lδ룬ҾͽԶ׷Чʳԡ


 392 䣨3
Ӣ˵⻰ߵнǰһнһǳصһλУҵڴ̣¸ҶֳǻۣеĽУˣʱͳû˻᲻ġ
нһԼʱһһоսԶǸͳûȤ
Ӣһͷߵһǰȴڿ³еĵʮʦʦŵٽڿ³еİ佱ϼ
Ҳһŵٽ㳤괦ǰߣǳ˽飬ʮʦֵǸǺģʱͳ
ǱŵٽģʲôL͹ֻǸտǣֻûһƲʲôʱͳҾ㵱ˣʸϵĶǣ˭ķǲĸԼ鷳
±ŵٽҲҡͷҲֻܴܵL͹ͳ㻹˰ɡ
ӢҲǿ˼ΣͬĽھܾˡ
Ľ֣ȻӢ֮ܵУߵһսĽǰ̾һҲˣϲûһе̣λеĽûһϲڶǿиɡ
ԽԽرң֮Уǻ˾ͺĪLҲ֪ᱻڶŪʲôӣֻˣҪһҾĲʸҲԸ䣬̨ĿǰΪ˲ڶعƵóѣΪLڶŪͿ̿ʱ֧һң֪λΣ
һϯ֮󡣹һȴŵٽ˳۾ӢܵӢܡʮʦʱ֧㣬ҾԲ㣬޳Ĺ۵㣬ڶǿиɣǲܱʮܷɻͺƨͶģҲ̫ثˣеɲõġʮʦЩĵ֣ܰװ
һٽ˳ǱӵڱʦʦٽֻӢܣڶǸ޳֣֮Ҳ뿴ô׵ľ͵õLȻLһƬҲʱ֧㣬Ҫûʿð⣬Ҳһһתڿں㡣ʱͱˡ
ı̬ԽԽսĽʼʾ֧ӢܡҶŸͬ뷨Ŀǰ˵Ҫ벻еڶսȥֻиСӻһʱˣҲɽڣûյĵ˽֮򣬵Ҫһ󣬿ڲҲСܹĻ
ӢȻЩǵ˼ҪľĻᣬţֻҪܹڶ￪սսĽ˹ͬĿ꣬ǱҪһָӵȵأɭȻûӣֻˡ
սĽоֻнûб̬ˣӢںľڱĽ֮У۵̣ľнһǴҹϵģһԵĲıܳ¬ϽҲڹĳϳϹȻֻһнڱȴн޷ЩսĽȻʾ֧ԼҲڹ֮УԼֻһǸϤˣ޷ȡЩֵ֧أֻܽƣƣֻнֻҪӦ֧ԼԼεı䣬ܹǳɹشͽΣգԼѾվ˼֮ϣҲ޿ˡ
ʱϯ̨һСݣӦϢ䣬һָнϣܹӣǵ̸̸
нĿһۣȴûκεķӦӢ΢΢һЦôˡ
нԣʱһȴϢҶȥ
Ӣȥţнɳϣһ˼㿪ڵнҺ֪Ϊʲôˣ˵ְʲô
нЦŵǾ˵ְ
Ӣܵ˵ͷܺãܺãһ㣬һ
нȻL
ӢܺȻҡͷһ̾ϧϧֻһصصѹߡ
нʱŭȵʲôѹߣ
Ӣܳ˵ͷ˵ְǱҲӦһǾڹԪףӦ֪ڹϣLʽͳֻһǾڶȴν֣ǲѹʲô
нһʱƿԣ˺һŵޡ
ڶ֣ҲЧ
ӢֵͷڶȷһߡһݼޣɫӦñһٴεĹ֣һͳLĵԶûδǾ֪ɭϯѾҪͶҲ˵ҪЧȻҲ˽㡣
нҷ
Ӣ׷ʵôأ
нʱ˵
Ӣֵн
һ㣬ȫеŽɢһֻᱻڶãпܻңȥ䵱򣬲֪ȥδӣ
нǲڶģ˵ȥ
ӢܺȻнҷǳʧΪ㲻ǸصصѹߣһصصĵС
нû뵽ᱻһСԼһ붼ֹ߳𣬶ʱһ䣬վӢܡıҵóѣң첻
ӢܲûǵԼǵСˡ
нȻԾУҵһСսûƾʲô˵ǵС
Ӣҡͷ̲Ǻס㿴£ЩڶｻֵʿѵǾֻ㵱ӦġǱְ뵨޹ء
нЦҵҪ˵˵ʲôе
ӢܺȻһվĵΪΪLƽͬͬˣԼѪȥȾLĺڰԼĺȥLδŽеǶܣǣܣأLأʲôطܣǲǻҪ̼ȴҲŮԼӶûеطǲҪLеԴӶߣLҪȥԶûг·нĺһ쿴йLıЦ˵Ǹҵı֪֪Ծȣǻãǲǣǲǣشҡ
ҵĻнֻһһ䶼Լ죬޷һԣ֮󣬲Żɳ֮ϡ
Ӣʱúϵ֪㲻֧ңΪҲõ֧֣ǣػһˣ֧L񣬶һӢܣٺúľһᣬҲԼһᣬһΪLδܶɡ
нĬ֮󣬺Ȼ̧ͷӢܵӢܣ벻ĿڲŻ֮á
Ӣҡҡͷ㻹𣬲ҵĿڲźãֻΪʵǶ޷رʵ
нֵһйˣLˡ
ӢܵˣȻйˣҴСLҲLһӣһֱڹʲôʱûʲôоģԴ뿪L֮󣬿عҺѹҲܱкܲؼҾйҲòСԸصLͬʹ࣬˵LĻռ˺ܴһ֣Ѫ֮кѱûй˵ѪΪʲôҪֵôء
н̾һֱֱӢܡ
еĻҲңҽѾʮ꣬ΪLΪLδµʱ䲢ˣֻҪΪ˵һһ֧㣬ҲΪһӢۣһΰˣȷɭϯǿ̫ࡣΪһͳ˵ȷ̫ˣҲơ
Ͼ̫ʱΪLףסĿڲһͳֻΪʵԼҰģһһվ㡣
Ӣû˵
нҲȥֺֻܿͽһ𣬾þûзֿ
һ»صɳ֮ϡӢܵнι˾ϽΣ㿴Σ
нʱѾ¶˾ģԥĵĿǰ˵λҲֻʺϣȥӵĽʮụ̂ཫǿϵȥأûʲô汾¡
Ӣ֪ϽLľӷǳϤ֧֣Լⷽ㲻õˡҲǳһáһš
ϽͷʱҪ֮ҪȾӰ˵ӦңҪ֤ɭϯİȫ
Ӣܵͷû⣬㿴һô죿
Ͻ˼һڣѹסӵĽ죬ҪڶȻƻļƻһҪսһᱨʾġ
ӢܵͷҲǵһҪľʮսǵĿվһ½ܱ
Ͻͳ£ҵ˹У֪ô죬ϽǸûûķվ˾ɸ˹УΣԿսһף䣬սϣҳҲǵģǰǼһҪҸ򣬲˵ӡ
һͳ¡Ӣܵһޱȵİĳƺһ¸صĽУҲһ󼤰ģȴޱȵĳأڵʵ봦Ҫͳ¡ʵǺѰ
ʱ˵ͷѾҸ˹УڶȨ͸ˡ
Ͻһͳ£ǳȥɣȰ½ӦöȫԼȫ˷ˣܹ˵ңҲһ˵ǸL͹
˵Ż˾ʹϢҵ˳ȥȴһƬеĿⶼ
Ͻߵ˷ɭǰһȻɭϯԲѾ׷ӢͳL͹Ĺ˾
ɭϽǷǳŵģû뵽ӢܽȥϢҹʮ֮󣬾ͱԼȻʵʲôL͹Ĺ˾ò㡭ˣãܺáܺá
ϽҲ޷ֻͣǵɭϯģͳѾӦһᱣ֤İȫˣΪġ
һֱϽȫϽȻӢܣһ˹˾е뽫϶¶˲֮ɫٿӢܣֻķƺֲһˡ
Ѷ¶͵ˣҲοҪ֪ǶӪǼǿӪǵʦˣκȻ䶯䣬òΣʿǶһƬãȻ֪ΪʲôϽĿзǳߵĺ𻩱䣬Լһߣеʦľ񲿶ڣȵѾȫˡ
ӢƵЩ˵ı飬֪ԼѾɹڸһѡĻᣬԸҽL͹ģ£ԸģҲ뵽ȥһͣ˭иҪ빲͹ԣôһرϳͣ顣
뽫Ȼ⡰رϳ͡ʲôЩվһɧжģҲ˽ģ˺һ󣬱һʮ꣬źɫӾ֣ϯ̨ԸΪL͹񡣡
Ͻ֪ӢܲЩˣȵеĸгΪȻЩԲµǲгҪ֮࣬ʣΪȵег
Ӣ֪ĿǰȶҪܺãΪȵегϣܹΪL͹ΪL񡣡
ͲӹгӢԼλãʱľһԸԶЧͳ㡣
ıһ뽫ӢܾϹʾԸL͹ӢͳѾȶˡ
ȻзɭΪ׵һЩ뽫첻Ը̬֧L͹ӢҲسŵȥǿǣ˼ǻȥʰ֮ڱ뿪LЩڰиɭϽԻͳ
ӢܰŰ¶ͼƺ󣬶ԼʹϽѶպհ³¥ϳ򱱷㲥Ӵ¥ȥ
ûãǹ㲥Ӵ¥͵ˣʱǿӪʿѾȫӢܣ⡣
һξĴ£㵽¥ģʱ棬һЩԱ֪ʲô£϶˾֮ɫ
Ӣ˽ӭǰ񣬴٣豸ʱԽ
պհ³վӢ֪֪ܵӢܺȻ˵һͦ˵ġL͹Ҫٽг٣Ӧýͳ£ӢѾL͹ʱͳˡ
ԣҲɵһ㶣Ӣ֮װһϽһʲôԼ֪ǣͳ¡
ӢѲǫѷ˵ͷã׼ʼ


 393 ʷʱ
Ӣܽпʼһ֣ЩԱϽҲߴ֮󣬶ЩҲлᣬպհ³ĶԻʱʲô£ڵ˵ţȻһģӾߵӢܵǰûͳ£Ѿ׼ˣ㲥ͬ˵ʲô£˵һ¿
Ӣܿӵʲô֣ﵣʲôְ񣿡
æҽżΡ
Ӣ֪ڶϷǷɭıԻᶼʮżõĹԱ֮клᣬż̨ܹѾǺܲˣ˵ͷżȥˣȥLӽѾˣȡ֮L͹ҲLԼ
żѾµ˱䣬˵ͷԳƽ֮ɫҴתȥһھͷǰúǶŮ˵ʲôŮ˱㿪ʼžͷͣĺL͹㲥̨L͹㲥̨Ͻн֪ͨλλע⣬λλע⡣
ŮڲͣͬʱżߵӢܵǰһͳ£ٵʮӣסһЩٷݽЧҪЩ
Ӣ֪LĹ㲥ҵǳǱΨһĹ㲥̨ҲֻбԽյźܿͻȫתȻLʵδܹ𾪣ͻı䣬ͻL͹ٿ𶯣˵ͷżмLˡ
ż˰ɣҿıʼǣĩйʻսʱй߾ʱLȻҲûͳһйĴս˵ȴҪúܶ࣬ı˲࣬Դʺ˾סڳﶨ˾ӣֻѵй˾͸ˣһ̻ôõֲׯڡôӪƷȻһһķҵϣй˵ѪҲLѪLҪһЩͷҲҪһЩһй˶һͳ£ӦҲǻᣬ֪жˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҵĸ׵LûסáȴǴСLġLҲҵļҡ
˵ż飬ż֪˱䣬ûղŽˡ
żӢܡȻһصĵͳ£滰Ǽٻ
Ӣ΢΢һЦ˵˵滰
ż˵ͷͳ£ѧεأҲ㲻ţһֱҿһ䣬ҲһµȨ
ӢЩӣĵŶΪʲôô룿
żL˺ڰ񣬳ƶʹ࣬Ѿǧٿף㲻һңֻһڲͣ䣬Զֹĵؽ磬ڶޣɭޣܸLδLҪϣҪлҪͱһǰδеľҷ籩һһеħϣɨһеĻLǿɳͳ£ϣ
ӢһЦȻżֵżֻ˵һ룬ڶ뷲ɭͳLLȷҪһҵط籩ˣǾ㣬żҲǾвμӵLؼƻĶǾ룬һǲܵģҪҵͬЭÿһL죬ԸΪ֮ѪҪ֪ԾҲǾˡ
˵⻰ʱܴÿһ˶ܹһƬļžûһһ׵˳ǹʿϽŲĹԱڹƣ˵϶ֳ֮ɫ
żҲ˸ʣΪѧľϵ֪ÿһΰ˶һõͷԣõĿڲţܹ˵ɿĵԣǰˣʱҲеһԵ˷ܣһе£ͿɿLˣܹ֧֣ӣҲпܴһ漣Լǰģһδʷΰˡ
ʱһԱʱͳ£ķԸҰǰĻϣŶǡ
ӢҡҡͷûзԸ壬ҵĸӾҵС
ŮˣæóλãӢܾȥһԱڵ塭ġһͳ£ע⾵ͷʼֱ
ӢֱܾͦžͷʼԼĵһζLȫݽ
LǣҲǲ֪ղŷʲô£һСʱ֮ǰLһµȨǾL͹Ѿõ˹ȥķɭϯͬ⣬ȥȨƽ͹ңӢܣL͹ʱͳ
һΪһͨ䣬LʷѾ̫Σû˻˭ͳԼΪҼͲı
ƶҵĴʣǶľĵȴδл룬ǵûйҵĸеֻʹʧ
һֱڡȨԡʮСǾͲõȨ˹˵ڱĹ£Ҳ޻֡ҼȻûиʲôǾȨǣǮ˿ȥƽȿֵȴֻʹʧû졣ûδ
Lֵܽǣǲټľȥˣ̰ܶѹեǵѪǵδ
ӦǣڽļУйǵԴԴģҲȫģЩӦڹҽеԴȴ˾͵˹⣬˴ĽǮĹԱǵõ˴ԵȥúĻ¸أÿڿ๤ʮСʱ޷һڣĹˡũСˡְԱһеȵȣ֪˭Ա֤Լ졣
ԣǱҪһոµһڴҵһܹΪҷһܹҴδǾL͹͹ҳŵͳһеعԱѡٶƶɣ۹ƽȣҽϳȥ˾ǩĲƽͬLԴLڽǵĹңÿһֵѪܹõ꣬ǵõӦøȨ񡣡
ǣǰһпʵһ̰ݼĵˣǾڶУѾ˴ҵʡ
ˣҪõɣҪõһͱŽڶħѾǿиɵĶħǵĽ£С
װLΪеĺֵܣһսɣ
װLΪǹҵİҵҳߵȨһսɣ
װLΪѾ߼ϵÿһӵĻЦһսɣ
ǷģΪҵδһѪҲһúǵڴïʢôԸԼΪǵήսԼһƬϣõػȥõػųϣL
˵ӢʾػѾһижѿڶݽ
ʱŴ֮кȻֱ˼ҵĹȲϽһǰӢܾһǳ׼ľг˴δйľ֮⣬ͳ£ΪղԼй˽Ǹ㽲̫ˣ̫ˣеL˶ǳжģܲڶ뷲ɭͲ˵Щ
ʱղǸŮҲһ˹ȴһʼһ֦ʣͳ£ҽ˿
һΪһΰ˵ģܲǩҼסʷһҹ
Ӣܼ˿ԼдʱĽݵ񣬹ȥڱĵ˿֪ڱһˣһĿŮˣǡ
ڴʱ˵ֻL˵ƯŮˣǣԼûȥ롣
ӹʼǣӢܴҴǩûٿһۣͶżһ䰲ĵطңҪϽ顣
żԽԽоȻðͷӽǷҵʱæͷһʽϽһ䡣ĹһɭӼżƬӦİ칫ˡ
ӢϽɳϣżҪȥ󿧷ȡӢȴҡҡֵż㲻ȥæ
һ̸̸
żһʱܳĵߣС
Ӣܵżղ˵ѧεģǲǣ
ż˵ͷǵģǴӢŴѧϵҵġ
ӢܡŶһʱǰһλܺõҲ棬ҵжˣ
żʮˣȥڹ㲥̨һֱţŲҲꡣ
Ӣ΢ЦŵͷԭȻţӦ֪ң£ҲӦ֪йϼŵܲٿŷ£ʱҲڳ
ôһ˵żϸʱ˼һֵѽǰԱߣҼǵһǶӣһŮԣӦŮˣʱƺûôԣֻ˵עȥˣӡЩģû뵽ᵽLô¡
Ӣ֪Ӫ꣬ӴϼţⶼʲڹϻǹڣԼö࣬ԼΨһӰӦþչй깫˾ҲһȽϴľţƶL˵һǲ˹Щأӽʼ̨ϣѾԼĹʡ
Լ˭طͷһЩ˭ķͷСһЩֻĸ׹ģӢܺУͷҵȷŮҲңȻǳ󣬵ҵΪģ˿ܼѾӽL˿ڣҵһ׼Ѿ˴ľȥ½Уټкصʣ죬ӰתȽķɻҲ޷ϿշУҿԿ϶ڶﲻ˳ƽľҲԽԽ࣬ǵĻᣬڶﻨԼеĻʮսֵòʽ𲹳䣬ҵľ£ҲѻٴѾ쵽˱ıԵֻҪǳȥסһֳ;ƿݵԭΡҷ֮ڶضӦҪһļƻżϤΣ˵˵ⷽĿ
ż˵ͷ˼һͳ£ˡֱԣĿǰĹĴ˵Σա


 394 ս
ӢܶԼĿǰĴȻǷǳżĻ΢Цһͷܺã˵ȥ
żͳ£ղ˵ʼִЩ˾ڶ뷲ɭǩЭ鶼ϳ֪ǲģ
ӢһͷȻģLԴҪǿʢҪԣ벻ЩԴЩԴǲģLڣӶˣҪǿԵֹ
żͷͳ£ҷǳͬ뷨ҲθȥȫͬĵطLδķչԣǷǳģһõLĵӵʹΪ򣬿ǣӦ֪Lɿ󣬳˸˰нԼܵĻ¸󳬹ʮܹ࣬LȨĹ˾ʵ϶йϵеĹ˾ڲݣڶ뷲ɭòӡҪϳЩͬͽЩ˾񾭣Ҳ񾭡
˵һֵѧУʱѧ˹ġʱۡһλ£ǾǣʱҺû̫٣Ȼ约һ
һӦʱʹаٷ֮ʮͱ֤ʹãаٷ֮ʮͻԾаٷ֮ʮգΪ˰ٷ֮һٵ͸Ҽ̤һ˼䷨ɣаٷ֮ٵ͸ҷκУðΣա˹һΰѧңʱҷúҲʱҷúݹʷҼ䳣Ϊ˾޶ϧսһֱڻɣLԴ᲻תЩҵսԴҪƻƻ˸ҵؼƻ
пܻ⵽ǿҵıǲL͹Ҳһ֧ڶԱ֤ԼѾù˵ⲻߣУڶıˣɭȥܹ⣬ܴĳ̶Ϊڹ쵼˵عϵͻȻ䡣ȡ˺ǹϵһܺõķɭЩڹδؿ֧㣬ͽԮˣ⽫һܿµ飬L͹ҲпܻӤʱͱɱ
ӢĬĬżķ˵꣬˵ͷܺãż˵÷ǳáò֧֣Ԯȷһܿµ£ǡ
ñԼĹӶǵｫԴû֧³L͹Ǹµ飬οǣЩ˾ŷȻԸǮǹԶˮȲ˽δܹڶ١
˵һ٣ֵ˵ɭ͸ڹ쵼˵ĹϵܺãΪұȡ˷ɭЩڹ쵼˻żңδأҪ֪ν˽˹ϵڹ֮˵ʵ̫΢ˣܴһֻǱǹȥַ֧ɭã̶ܴΪڶǸбսˣͳһLѱԸ֣οмƻLľ»أֻΪLĻҾݻִС
Ӣһ˵ţɫѾԽԽżûмǴ޵ľ»Уһɰ˹ӡǡ̫ƽӡĸȺɣͼ޾սغϿͺ򣻵ڶɹصͰĴǡһȺɣǵһ߻صкҪغתأҲҪļأȺȺɣ֧Ԯ̫սغ󷽣ǰڡЩУΪҪڰ˹ӵİŶվأձĺءأںɽվغͺǻأӡϵĵǺأڹصİɭվغͰأǵҪǾ¶ڿ𣬿ڹǿйӦô˵йһ·ǯƣ޾޶֣ٽԼԸ˹ƺҾͻӺаԵ£йҸҳ棬˵⽫һѣһ޷Ԥϵѡ
żû뵽ӢܶڹϤ渶̸Ȼ˿ûиǴΪ壬ͷL»һйĺž㱻ˣڶʱڷסľ´йǾӦģһ֧ǡ
ӢܵйֻҪ޿Ը˱ϢĹҶ֧ǣΪϵǵĺ档
ԾûзɭҲԸ֧ҵأֻڸԭЩֻ֧ڰУҪȥȡҲǶǷǳģڹڣأӦܹһŷҶڶáֻҪL֧£սķǻһбġ
żȻһ̾ͳ£˵ʵղȻ룬ΪһҵĴ˵̫ˣҺг嶯Ӧӵľ棬ҿʼţȫҲǻӦеѣLˡ
Ӣ΢ЦҡҡͷżҵأҪ˼룬мֵ˼롣˵úã㲥̨̨ˡ
żͳ£ʵղѾ˵ˣǵƾǵõ֧֣һҲǼΪҪģǣӦϱ˫L񣬿ԡ
ֻǱõõڶǲϷģǱɳһ֪ʶȥ˼롣ȥ߽ڶӣӦ֪й˵ġӱоԡս֮֮ߡҿȫLٿԵֵʮ
ӢܵͷܺãҹȥϷ֪ͶڶԼ˷ŭʧȷҪȥǽ֪L͹֪ǵظ죬ǲľʼڶıҪҪӰ쵽ʿеͼľ٣ڶĺԺһѻ𡣡
˵ֵżڿʼL͹㲥̨ĵһ̨ˣȥϷҲ㣬Щȥʲôʱȥƻ˾͸ҡ
żҲһѾͳһսһҵû˿ƴǣ˵ͷã֮һϸļƻ֪ͨͳġ
ӢһһֵãȳȥɣһоϵҪϽ
ϽҲһֱӢżĶԻԽԽе˼飬治֪ȫôģԸȥˣսѾãƶѾõLľԼֻҪͶˣһҲ壬ȥӱһеͷʵ̫߳ˡ
ʱֻӢܵϽϵò֮ڣڶͻᷴӦбǽ㿴ǸôӦ
Ͻˣͳ£һҪغãڶ쵽սȻնжġ
Ӣһͷһע⡣
ϽֵӦҵ˹УǵĿվҵԸսİ취
ӢܵվҪа취˹УҲսȫˣһ֪ķҵȻù㲥̨ѰҸ˹У֮ϢֻҪû߳Ӧúܿϵǡ
Ͻֵ⻹һڶ֪㾹սһᱩףɳõľ񲿶ӽƾĶۣľװǾǵģӲƴʵǲǡҵǲ潻棬ʱˣսߣУʤ
ӢܵãϽҲҵ뷨һڶг𡣡
ǲ֧ľӵģǾͽսóнľסȻ취ɢٸƣңǱܹסԮ
ٳû´һ߽ľӣڶĩվ㵽ˡ
ϽѾˣӾߣɽܶ࣬װײڲͨУҷǳػطټϽSDڶĹϵǳţΨһ·
ھϵ⣬ӢܶϽΡһͷǹ˾ӵ¾ͽˡ
ϽãŽ淲ɭЩȻ̬֧㣬δزڰиʿҲҪԸôģսԳˣһҪ򶫲ӱʣ׼һСҪʮʱ䣬ԻҪǰߵľӵסڶĽ
Ӣܵڸǰָӵǵʮʦʦŵٽ㿴ô
ϽŵٽƢЩ̺һסڹȥıľǸѵõ˲ţȥǰߣҲɭϯ飬ҵĽܺãԸͶڶʱһ̬֧㣬ǸԷĵˡ
Ӣܵͷȥȫ¬Ͻ𣬷Ϊžʮʦʮˣָӵһžнʮʦʮˣָӵڶžнʮʦʮˣָӵžǲнʮʦʮˣûбʾ֧ңҵ˻֮뿪ǵλ˭棬뾡Щʾ֧ҵĽʵѡҲȶġ
Ͻͳ£õģѾˣһžʦװ̹ʦʦɣٽҲǸбˣڵڶĽȡ򶫳˵ʱ䣬˾ɱŵٽΣǰߵָƣʮ֮Ӧò̫ܵңڵڶž˾ҽɹȥıܲнΣǸսɣϤʦȥʱʱ¬ϽһżûʲôʵȨղãҲʾ֧ˡǵžôĵطʵѡɸ˾н˾
Ӣ֪Ѿ˼ǣԥãҵȻί״ž˾
ϽУһžڻӶڶžҪȫɢڸأڰ֮չλսнǸλսרң˲ſɲ˷ˡԣֻžߣԱ֤ʵĳ㣬ܹ䣬ڶɽɾۿɢڶҪǣҲǺѺѡ
ӢԣǴϲһסϽֵ벻սԲѾ˼ˣңL͹һԴȥġ
ϽҲ֣ȴ˶ҿ԰㣬һµĹңܽ£̫ҪȥԣЩҾ޷ﵽˣͳ£ϣܹL⣬ڹ㲥ϵĳŵ
Ӣĵ˵ͷ˳ȥżٻ˹УϢҪ֪ʮսԵlκεĵطչʧȥƿȨ沿ӵٻһϣҲЧķԸʵһĻսĳɰܡ
߳㲥Ӵ¥ϽĽ£Ӣܴպհ³ʮɹźӣܵȵһСڣΪʱָӲΪ˷ֹ˸ܣսȻϿգ䵼ըϵĵ绰˲ᱻǶλʩټϵսĸּ÷Ĭڣڱλ⡣
ӢָӲæµţžѾѶΪҰȫн¶ΪܾٽֳΪͳʦٽʦһЩѪԱҲǨҪλϣЩԱϸѡɣ־˶Ĵ죬ȻͶ󣬵ĶֵεģҪһȶĹһѪ˽𵽷ǳҪãĸ׸һ޷ýǮĲƸǾ˲ţȷǸԶŮ˰Կ϶ǣ޸һǲġ
Ӣû뵽ǣԴԶⲥ֮󣬱ǿǰӵڹ㲥ﲥһһ飬ǻڲ䷳ۿֻ죬гʮӱҪμL͹ľӣɽũѶϰɽ·ͶӲξ龰ҲӰ쵽˾ӣرЩе;ʿǶһƬܣ׷ױʾҪЧӢͳΪL͹ս
ӢЩϢ֪αеĻҪɹҲϲûãֿʼ侲ΪҲǳô֧Լ̫ˣʧҵ̫࣬ϡȱ۷ǣ޷ȥοҲԸڶĲбͳΣڿֻ֮Уν˼䣬طԼı䣬ټеĻû˵L͹ͬһƬڰп⣬ֺһĵݣʹ񿴵˻ŵϣͳδܹԼ˵ģҲԸѡԼԼĳɹֻӦʱӦ˶ʱԵģԽԼԽеͷϵӵĳأһԣҵL͹Լ룬ǰ·ʵ̫᫣̫ȥ


 395 
µѾ·еֻһһˣ˵ڶ죬ӢܽӵǰߵϢڶ￴һٴݻL͹ѾڵȻ½ûʽսԤеɳսԼĺըǰ߲ӿըǰ߲ӵǲأȻøʽһЩըʮսȴ˿δ
ϽѯǷɳվ֧ԮǰߣӢÿһζķˣŸ˹УжϣԼнеʽսսӥȸʵڲһȥֻҴӴ޿ڶ»ϵ
Ȼ֪ǰߵʿŲضε˺ҲһƬֲòʼӦϵ⣬˾´ڳL֪ͨΪ֪ʱͲ˳Щ豸Щ豸ȽרҵͻеֵǰЩ˾L׬ǮֹЩ豸İٱǧԼòǲЩ豸Ѿǵĺ棬ԼL͹ʵʩͼµõɿȨǾͲЩ豸L͹ԼĿҵڵ˵죬ӢܹȻʿʣµһЩعԱѺȻSı߽磬취뿪
Ӣܶб˷ܵĻףLֵǮҪľǿԼĹҿá
Ȼͻкӹˡ
˵磬ӢϽȻӵϢ˵Ǹ˹УѾصȵСҪͳӢܾܴС
һСʱ֮󣬸˹У͵ӢϽڱ¥ʱָģһɫӢܣ˹Уһͳ£ԸΪL͹ԸЧ㡣
Ӣܽסֵ˹Уҵþ͹Ŀվȫˡ
һ˵ţһø˹Уȥɳϣһɹžȥ˿
˹УϽӢܵҲ˸񣬵Ҹóƺ㲿£˾
ϽЦı㡣ҲҪΪ˾ˣͳѾL͹ĵһοվ˾ⵣȻأͳ¶ȴ˺ܴϣ
˹У£һ㶣Ͻһ˿棬û˿ȴǴҴɳϣһ仰ǣͳ¡֪ζԸڶʮսǲǣ
ӢϽͷǳҪסʮսǵĽǳ
˹Уʱ˼ĵF/A-22սϣ˾ͨö˾˾ƵһսҲרָĿǰΨһġսΪͳҶս֡
Ҫ;ѹȡսƿȨҲFռĺͺţΪսĿǰս
һֵս߷ٶ2Ϣ˵24߷ٶ1400 /СʱѲ158գʵи߶18000ףս뾶3200ʹù90
װ״ALM-9X̿տյALM-120Cг̿նԿյʸȽϺ˻ӿڵȡϾ߱ѲӾս߻ԡ״εԡݹսΪF-1524мǻߣҲ飬ڶľޱӦһЩȵƣѾǵսܶԸˡ
˹Уս䣬ӢҲһϲ˹УǹڵӦôԸս
˹Уѣõİ취ȻǿѹƣҵȽսľǶ˹սսǶ˹սƵģսȻѷսҲвܳĵطܹʮһټܣܹȫƿȨϲߡ
ӢܵӦвͨԪһܵսǵ״ó˵ľʮܵһټܣҶ˹˶Ҳǡ
˹У˵ͷֻѡвߣڶʮսôţǿԵõֵƿȨ
Ӣ֪Ѿ⣬˹У˵˵вߡ
˹УʵԴ֪ڶҪϱսҾһֱоʵʵӦˣ֪˹һֵ졯Ҳսأֵ۸ԪңȻҲܹ󡣵սͱ˵̫࣬ڶ˹վְͬѧ˵졯󣬵ڴսɹʿڶ֮һϣܹһöǵƿȨתˡ
ӢܵԪһöһöӦû⣬˹ľ϶ֻȥ⽻Ŭ֮ìܿܲ˵˹쵼ˣʱ䲻֪Ҫ϶ãڶĴ֮¡
ֻϲ𡣡
˹Уҡҡͷȥ˵˹쵼ˣȷỨ̫ʱ䣬λͬѧ˵˹һľӣ˹ά򣬹ϵǳӣڶ˹ڰ˵ܹͨ㵽졯ģ֪ж١
ӢܶʱеġھԼȻδı档жƳ磬Ǵͨͨ·ô꣬Ȼ˹άǸǳľӡھûɲʶͨϵھܲ뵽취
˵ͷã˹άһϵһ·
˵ţָӲĵ绰ˡ
һͳǰȥûһɫ̱ˣϽ֪ʲô¡㱨ù˵绰ѯʣһ󣬷˵绰ɫߵӢߵͳ£ǵ㲥Ӵ¥˵սĵУѾһƬ档
ӢԣҲһ̵ô
Ͻƻء
ӢܺȻ뵽ձԼΪ㲥̨̨ż֪ϮûУҧҧڶʾˡ
˹У˵ͷǵģͳ£̵ʱŪ쵼ᾭġ
ӢҪͷȻ뵽һ£æ˹УʽΪL͹Ŀվ˾нΣϵվȥսڶĵڶִĿпܾͽǵսϽ֪ͨվǱ
Ͻȥ绰ˣ˹нҲ֪ӢϵķǳпܣҲǽվ񣬱Ҵҵȥˡ
˹нһߣӢܾɳ˼ñϮĹԱһ˲٣ֻⰲ˶ǵλã㲥̫¥ĿǰLϵǵΨһ;ҵطָرǹ㲥ĿǰLý壬ʧȥӦеս
ʱ绰ָӲˣȻͳ£㲥̨̨żͨ
Ӣһϲ˹ȥ˵绰ż㲥Ӵ¥Ϯ벻û¡
żЩͳ£ˣҪ֮д˵Ϸȥļƻһ죬ڼƶûе㲥Ӵ¥ȥû뵽ڶﾹ˺ը˴¥ħħм˰
˵ͬ£Ҷ˺˸顣αըһϣһʱ֮ȻԽˡ
ӢβǷŭȻżһҪҪõķǾĴڶħţϽҵطѹ㲥̨ؽָãʲô¾͸Ҵ绰⣬˵ϷļƻȻҪƶҡ
żӦӢŷ˵绰ʱϵԼҵھˣص绰һ·ֻȵΧʹãҪͨҪֻڶȫͨ˵쵽Լķλӷ֮һֱûʹá÷Ĭ취⣬ȴ
Сʱ֮󣬾һԵؼһˣͳ£ֻͨˣÿδȥʱҪ֪ͨһǽźŸ׷٣һҪסÿͨҪӣһ֮ڡ
ܸͬһ֮ͨҪʹá򱻶ԷͺΣˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãǾͿʼ
ֻȵһ׼ƣŰֻͨ롣
ûһֻһ˴˷ܵ÷ôڲŴ绰ѾڵϿ㷢ˣL͹̫ѾȥңϢְ߰ˡ
Ӣֱܿʱ䣬磬ڲڶ׷ٵҵλãÿͨʱ䲻ܳӣúõ˵ڶʮս޷ӦǳҪ˹ġ졯Ѱ˵Դһ˹άľ򵽣ϵھ˵ȻҵֱֻӴ绰ҡ
Ĵæ˹ά򣬺ãϴ绰ھ˵ȻϵԼء
˵Ҷ˵绰
˼֮Ӣ÷ĬһƣʾԼҪ绰ˣϵŪһ֮ɼӢܵ˵ͷ
Ӣʱͨĸ׵ֻֻĸЩʧصڴܶܶڴ绰ˣǲǳʲô£ڵѾ㣬ıΪԺѾͷˡ
Ӣܵ裬ҵĴЩã׷ٵҵλãͨʱԽԽã˵ҪһǮ߶ܹҶ٣
ȻϵҪ⣬ѾˣԥĵеǮټӢܼܹõʽ̾ͿԸӦʮԪһܵʱ䣬һ취ŪʮʱԸ㡣
Ӣܵã裬Ҫʱһ绰֪ͨġ
̵û⣬ܶסǮ֮Ҳûа취һֻпԼˡ
ʮԪѾӢܵԤƣҲ֪ĸϵףЩǮһ˵ȻһϢ֣һңȴʵ̫ˣֻܹʮսҲѹڶô޼ɵӶңĴƽսʵһǮ޵׶
̾Ϣ裬֪ҲģĿǰһӦȥء
شصţҵضˣûκܹѵ㡣
ӢܲĸʧһȻ衣
նٻѩأһûУ
صڣǶնطõйһϢ⼸㲻绰ɼˣˡ
Ѿᵽıˣҿ㲢û飬һܹعںõġ
Ӣܵ裬ҲһһĸǴ绰ȫҹȥȥʮ֮һҵĵ绰ᣬȫҵˡ
֪ӲܶͨáʮӺȥ
˵վ͹Ҷ˵绰
ʮ֮ӢܾͰͨҵص绰ֻһ绰ﴫռԴ磬ңն𣿡
ӢܵˣնǶðɡ
һӿ޳Դ硣Դ磬Ƕáá
ʱѩõӢܣ֪ͨΣաҪ˵ˣ㡢ٻãǶģǶ֪ǣֻҪƽĻţ֪𣬲ҪΪ˿ķģרĴҵɣǶΪǵ˶еҸԺ
˵Ӣÿ˸Ӣܻ˵һ仰ˣǧ̫ҵĻѾ˵ˣնã
ֻ㴫յԴ磬ңû£Lһûµģһȥȥһ㣬㡣
һ٣ȴִּᶨԴ磬Զһģ㱣ء
˵žûġ
Ӣ֪ԼıͬԣһӿֻﴫҶٻЦɵúţЩL¸㶨һǽû赽Lȥͳˣοɶû֣ûп㡭
˵ȻתһĶ̣ӢܣǧҪ£±Ӷġ
űûˡ
ӢһֱԼ˵ôڳĬȥ棬أûл˵
ֻȴ漫ҵĻѾ֪ˣαʿڡӢʱڻԼֽǲǷޣΪ˱˲ȥҲеڶˡ
һů⣬ãҹҶϵ绰ˡ
ڲȷǷȫ֮ǰҪǴ绰
˵žֻﴫһ죬ѾȰ˵绰
˵ͨӢϽ㿪ʼоĿǰľ
Сʱ֮ӢֻܵȻȴһİص绰룬ӢѾµ˭æͨһͳιӢǹھ


 396 ˹֮
Ӣԣ̵ھ壬ҵ¸˵𣿡
ֻھѾ˵ˣҾŷޣӢܣϵķǰѾйıˣɵúܲｫѹ
Ӣܵʶ˹ά𣿡
ھʶ˲Ƕ˹ḷ̌ҲҪǰλŪľ𡣡
Ӣܵǡ졯ܹŪ𣿡
ھѾϵˣ˵û⡣
Ӣܶʱһϲð̫ˣж٣ҿϸǮʲôʱܹ˵
ھ˹ά֪ҪԸڶսûи˵ĿһҪ󣬱Ҫȥ˹Լ棬㵱̸һʴ⡣
ӢԣһʱҪ˹ȥʵǲʱˣ˹άָҪԼȥԼȥǡ족ͲŪ֣ûС족ԼL͹ڽսоͻȫʧȥƿȨֱӹϵսʤܡΣҲֻһˣο˹άҲȷǳгԼ棬ϾһҵսΪ̵˹ά˵һ̻иҪԼһҲԼҪء˹ֻǰȥ
һСӢܱãһᾡȥһ˹ά̸ھźʱһ֪ͨء
ھУ㰲źú֪ͨңҲᵽ˹ȥЭ㣬̸̸ңӦ
ҪͨרҶźŽиš
˵žûˡλھִ֪Ƽ
Ӣֻܷ㽫˹άҪԼȥ˹ҪһԵϽ˵ˡ
ϽȻͷӢ뿪Lʱ򣬵һ˶˹ֲ֮ܲȥ֮Ӣǰ˹콫족ŪLϽΪʵдҪӢϵӢ˼ֻװһСǶλ׷٣ͨʱԽԽá
***********************************************************һ֮Ӣܾͳһֱɻ뿪ȵУǰ߽ӵϢڶﻹûзԾսըսӶǰɱŵٽָӵĵһžпըһžأװҲݻ˲٣̹ʦʦѾòΪ㣬صʧ
ڶսѾǳԣ뻨СĴۣӵоƵؿվһžҲӢڵL͹ȫ־ʱһͻȫ淢ֱȵУȻռг򣬶족Ťתս֣ڶ̵Ĺؼˡ
ֱɻӶS߾Ѿ˿ɿ˽Ӧûκεĵ飬㽫Ӣ͵Ļ׼õļٻƱֱɶ˹׶Ī˹ơ
˸Сʱ֮ӢѾĪ˹ƻסͼشƵ꣬ҾƵǳʮƹ˾ƽ죬ȫǷ¹ŽʩŸ߹Ĺ͢ʽ衣ƵайŴĴ˹ϵı¯̨֦͵ƼܵȣųƯµľƵ꣬ĿҲϵǼƵдڸ߶ˣӢܲûסͳ׷ҲҪԪһھҲԼҾƵ档
ʱѾҹӢվڸ¥̨ųǾϤʷ᲻˽ĳС
Ī˹ƣλڶ˹ƽԭвĪ˹ƺϣĪ˹ƺӼ֧Ī˹һʷƾú;йٴͳĳУĳ֮һҲǶ˹ΡáѧĻͨġ
ʼ12ڣĪ˹Ƶ³Ī˹ľṹĿķֳǱķ֡һʣԴϣΪǱͱڡһ˵ԴڶʡķָһֿĵҶڿķֳǱΧγҵֹҵũҵ䡣13ͳΪĪ˹ƹĶǡ14ͶĪ˹ΪģΧзɹŹͳεĶӶͳһ˶һ뼯Ȩķ⽨ңж˹ˡ̫ˡڿ˺˵ȶ塣
ڴʱӢ˵
ȴ뵽ǳսĪ˹Ʊս
սʱϣͼռĪ˹ƣ붬ǰ80ʦ180ˡɰָӽ125˵ı˹ָӡ102գ¾ܹʼϣտƾҪĪ˹ơָ1012ͷҪλ׼ءرҪϢֿĪ˹Ա
45˲μ׶Χٶǧ׳ط£׷֯˹Ӫݻ̹顢սࡣ1012գ¾δӽн
1014գ¾ֻռǣֻƽ·ֻռ޵ŵ衣1115ա¾51ʦչ¹ƣͼϱΧмͻơǿ¾ͻĲӽĪ˹30ǧ״12³Ī˹ƵǺ½20~30ȡϣնԶս׼¾¡ޱů豸ɻ̹˵޷ǹ˨ʧ顣վѴϱů¡Ƥѥͻñǹ˱ůףͿ˷͡126գʼͻƵ¾ߡ19421Уߵ55ˣٺͽɻ̹1500¾150-300ǧסϣյĶս׷飬¾ҲӴ˿ʼ˥һͼٿ·սʱ˵һ仰ͬ־ǣȻ󣬵ѾûеطˣĪ˹ƣ
Ҳʷᡣ
ӢĬĬǳ춯صսۣҲڷţȴɵһ̾ʵԼĴȵ˹Ҫѵöࡣ
ȵʱĺɫάѾ˺Ⱥڻ۶ԾӻмǿԼűɹ죬Ȼǿȶס˱ȨһжܱؾٶڹԼһһսǿȻҪһ͹ȥһȻҲûдﵽεصز
ΣӾάӵعҵأװȵ¹Ҳ˶٣ʿԶԶĳֵĵ¹ˣټ˴æŸ˲صĴȡʤԼL͹ȻоֻһЩ̹װ׳Ҫڱ̭Ʒڶһռ˾ԵƣսĶʮȡϱ˫˰գԼӻ֮⣬ȫͶ˾ϣϷľѾܹ̹ͨܵڣټڱļ֧֣ѾԶԶĳ˱Ҵӵ˿˵ڶϷռLɣصķԴķḻҲڱ֮ϣڶ̰ݳޣ˽̫أģڹĹϵ˽ĵزͳһLˡ
̾Ϣ֮Ӣȴֽǻĺûµҹգ¶һ˿΢ЦԸԽ澳֮УԽܼĶ־һɵ漣˵һսΪսŻ塣
ʱ֮Ӣ˭ˣҴ뿪̨ţȴſڴվһӣһɫеģĿҫű˵ĺâ˸Ϊ⣬Ѿ˹ھƬȻˡ
Ӣ˵֪ȥйֲӵĽ̹١Ϊ뵱عԱؼɱˣձɽΪ֯ĵһɱ֣ɽͼй죬ְаƻɽı
ȥձɽܲɱǵͷӣ˵ǸӣӦʮˡʮ꣬Ҿֹ̬Կɼ˵طɡ
ӢܽݣȻȥھ壬ش벻ż档
Ҳ¶֮ɫ΢ЦӢܡ
Ŵ仰Ӧ˵ŶԣұΪǸ꺱û뵽ʮֳһ㡣
ƺѾسɾͣӢڹϵķѾˡ
Ӣְܵصˡ̫ҪѧϰĶܹ֮һɼԵʻ֮⣬ҪĸΪҴµĻȲðְְңˣھ壬Ͱְһͽҽܶɡ
ѾӢܺ޽֮ɫ˵ǳпϣھǰޣܶѾ˵ˣĸȻᣬн죬ҲǿԼӾһдأѵãǳѵãˣճ£ͽҳˡ
˵ѾɳϣھҲٶ˵ϻֱӵ֪ܶдڶ˹˹άѾϵˣϻȥһط㣬ﻹҪľһ˹ά̸ˣŪһƽѾһ֣˶ʮԪ˼һ뽫Ǯˡ
Ӣ֪ңػƽ̫Ҫҵʵ¼ֲףҲǳҪǮҡҡͷ壬ãǮѾ뵽취ˣǮңɣϾʵ̫ҪǮܹ࣬ЧǣסľӣڶﲻòߵİҲǳ󡣡
ھ˵ͷҲãҵĹƣңҪ֯ʮʮִӲڶǰѹˣٻҪԪϣʾ޿Ҫһʱ֮óҲѵúܣҪǮʱ֪ͨһɡ
ӢһȻ壬ס֪ͨ˹ά򷿼ţ쾡һ˹
ھ֪ϵLֵһͷͳֻ֪ͨ˹άȻӢܵķЪˡ
˵ڶϣӢھ˴֪ͨƵͣ꣬Ӣܱȥţȴһʮĸ߸վ棬ƤڣСӣòӢ
Ӣһˣ죬˼ȴ߸ԼľһּˣԲҹҵʧˡ
Ӣʱ˭ǣ⾹ȻǶǣǸСϱŮ棬Ʒ󻹸ʮԪҵˣ벻ʱһǡ
ǵֳ֮ɫ˹άͳˣҡҶԲ㣬Բ㡣
˵
Ӣܼɫȴˣ֪䵽˹˾̵£һʲô֮㽫ýɳϣǡʲôˡŮܵܵ²أ
кȻһ졣Ĵͷȥŵˣ²ҲˣǶˡ
ӢԣҲһ𣬵ˣôܡôġ
ǵңҸʮԪ
ұһҪȷ˲֮͵йʮǮҾȥҵ塣ˮ⣬˭֪硱˵̧ͷҧ¶˼ʹı飬һŵ˭֪ǸǸĵضħ͹ҵȥ⣬һ͵͵ķ䣬ҪǿＤҵķûӵóѣһʣȻ¶ɱˡɱ²¥ȥҲǹɱˡ
˵Ѿܿ콫Ĩɾ˭ͺңǲ֪һƽǺܺõѣϢңҾĵĻȥǸʮߵɱȴ˱ˣ֪ܿͨ˾֣Ͷ·Ҳҵ˹˹ά˵ҪˣҾˣҵ֪Ҳḷ̌ҹȥֻһСɫǲܽӽ˹άأѾˣÿ˽û뵽˹ά˺ܶ£õΣǰŵǲ
Ӣܲ϶Ǿҵ飬Ưܸöµĵ²鸡УҲǱ̾Ķǵؼǣ֪ѹѧᰲοԼ²С
ʹ˵ͷȻ˹άͳǻ߰ɡ
ӢӦһ·Լھ󣬵ȵ˴Ƶ¥£ŶȥȡͰԼʶľҪĸھ˵һ顣
һ󣬶ǿһ²ɵĶ˹ԲġγĪ˹ƵĶȥ
ӢھںţĪ˹ƷĽֵǰӹǣ˽˹άһʲôˣ
һ߿һߵҸ˹άҲ£ϲŭɫĲǺ˽⣬ۿ˺ü²£Ҷһλֵ˵ĹϵֱͨһЩ߹ٶҪη֣˵ˣֻҪ֪˹ά£ǾԲҹܵġ
Ӣֵ˵Σ
ǵҵĶˣ˵ĻҳһֱţԲƭ㣬һͷİɣ˹άǷǳõģһû˵йʧŵ顣
ʱھҲᡢšڶ˹ͨȷ˹άµӡҺνֻҪӦ£Ƕܰ쵽һҼľȻ󣬵ӦҲû⡣
˵ŻѾĪ˹Ƴ߸ٹ·ʻһǳ¾ɣȻƽ̹羰ܺõ·ϣԼһСʱ֮󣬾ͽһ·ߵĽȺȴһռغܴ󣬵ѾϾ˵Ĺ
ǿųһѾòĽﴩһ󣬱㵽һݣһȥĳ䣬ֻ޹ĺۼǳĴ⣬վʮ˹ıδ󺺣Ӣ߽ӽһ׾ţĿ࣬ڶ˵Ǵ߸ˣЩ˹˱ߴ󣬶ÿ˶ŹͷƤ£һĺ⣬Ŷ˹ȽҰţ9mmԶǹʵͨη
һͣһߵЩ˶˹άڣ˵ȥֲӵˣؽģֶǳ
˵Ѿͣ˳ӢھߵЩ󺺵ߣλ˹άϵѣҷġ
ʱ̾һŶĴǰĶԽ˵ʲôܿͽͨ˹άǽȥ
˵һ֣󺺵ӢھߣǵӢû鷳ûдǹһ󺺴ӹھĻȴѳһɫǹ˸ղͨ󺺣ǽȥ
߽˳棬ȴӣϱſڵʮ󺺾ͲЩӦúͶһ˹ά£ҳһ໹ڰһεӣӦԶǹ֮࣬˹άҪľݵˡ
ǴӢھһ˶¥һ칫ңվδ󺺣ֱţڸ


 397 յı
ŶǵŶ룬Ӣܱ˰칫ȴһεӣǰһŻɫ£ʮ꣬ǿһӵӣɫӲҲ͸Ϭ˵ȻǸľ˹άˡվʮŹͷıδ󺺣õȴ׼ȷߵSDǹ
ȴͶʮϵӣǾŵͷӡ
ھܶ˹άŵҪͷĿֱǰҮά桢¸׷з˹ÿʱǶһ𡣡
ǴӢھ˹άŹھ˵ͷһӢܣȻʾһڳΰ칫ĩ£Ȼ֣Ӣܾ࣬һҲİЩ˳̫࣬ΪһǾ̫ġ
ʱԱߵĿƿȸ˹ά˿ȣȻָӢھȻǸۣҲһܹģѾܵ˹άˡ
ھ˹ά򼸴ΡȻٹĥǣֱӢ˹άǵӦ֪ˣҪģ죬㵽ܹŪ١Ƿǳгˣϣܹ֮úõĺȥ
˹άһֱжӢƣĿⲻͣ˸Ҳ֪ʲô
ھĻ˹ά㻺صͷҲӢشڿϵ˰䲻죬жٴҪܹ˹ҵҡ
ȻӢܴСĸ׿ѵ֮£ŶԣоͰ˶˹΢΢һЦö˹˹άֻҪҪĶܹṩһ˾÷ǳֵˣܹʶ㣬Ҳҵҡ
Ӣ˵˹˹άҲһ˿֮ɫŶ벻Ķ˹͵úܺð֪ȥûУ
Ӣܵѧԡ⻹ǵһܹ˹ά㳤ںһᾭء
˹άӢ˵ǵ壬иһȻ˵֮ƣ˵ͷȻһµˣϲ˽ѣðɣǾ˵⣬Ҫģ죬Ū֣ҲܹﵽҪһöڶ˹оɹҪһŪôзǳѶȡ
ӢȻһЦҲڽǮǰµѶȻСһЩ
˹ά¶ѵõЦݡǸˣҾͲö˵ϻˣðɣһö죬ԪһöԪһԸ𣬳Ӧ֪ҵĹأǴ˵ġ
ո˹ϽĹƣ⡰족Ӧ֮䣬˹άıȴһʵ֪ⶫڹˣֻҪһö족ܹ˳֣Ҳֻ̧ۣ˹ھһۣԼ΢΢ͷʾǰǮȷ˹άĹأϵĵԪû⣬ʺţϾͿת㣬Һ֪һöʲôʱܹ˵Lı
˹άͷºܸɴ࣬ԽԽϲԸˣ¸׷㸺䣬˵˵ʲôʱ԰ѵ˵ȥ
ʱ˹άߵһҲôֺڴӵӺԥĵҿԱ֤ʮܹ֮Lֵ
ǰ¸׷ش֮˹άֵҪĲֻǣ죬ɣ֮ȫԺһЩģҽĿأҪսʤڶƾȥɭǵװɲС
˵תŹھˣ㻹ҪЩʲôҲһ˵
ھʱȴ˹άұһЩͺӥӵҮά֪㻹жAK47Ҫ֦ӵһ򷢣дңصظЧʱըһҪǼ翸ʽҪǧ
ǰҮάȻӦ˹άƹϵͷĿھػ΢΢˼һû⣬ϴǸ۸ܲˣٻҪɡ
ھԣʱɫһ䣬˹ά˹άƺˣʵ롣ȻҪɣⲢϵϵعذɡ
˹άʱʼ磬˸޿κεʽԲ𣬳ǰҮάϵҪǿ룬ǿҲûзӡ
ھһЦѵ㲻ʴ𣬱ˣϲֻһҾ̡
˹άȻ΢ЦϵȻֻһҾ̣ܹóĿûҲǵĿߡѾʹˡ
Ӣܼھû˵֪˹ά˵ò˭֪ңL͹Ҫؾܹ֧ȥ̧߼۸Ҳֵ£ԼĿǰ˵ҲֻЩթµ˶ʱըҪҶҪҪǮ
˹ά˻֣з˹ʡ
ȴڰ¸׷óһµԳɿ水һȻĶҪʮǧԪػҪһЩҪʮһǧԪ
Ӣ֪˵棬з˹ڹͷĿҪʺšȻ̰ͨĸ׵ĵ绰ʺŸתʮһǧԪĸ˵һܹóʮڣжʮҪһ֮󵽣һͻĸױһ룬սĳԶԶֻ²õؽͻٲϵˡ
ʱھҲٶ˵
ת˶ʮһǧͬһʺϡ
֪ӢܱԼϰݺһʣҲͬ顣ھʱ˹άˡһεӢ˹ά֪ԼʶȻװûп
˰Сʱ֮з˹򿪵ԣһȻ˹ά˵ͷʾӢھǮѾˡ
˹άз˹ͷȻЦЦȴֳų֮⡣
ӢھӦε֮죬Ц֪죬һվ˹άʮѾγǹ׼Լˡ˹άҲ˵
ھкһ˹άʲô˼
˹άҡҡͷʵڶԲǵĵڶѾϵǻңҪ취ɱԸһʺܿɹ۵ʽ𡣡
ھˣҿĴȥٻᳬԪ
˹άͷ֪ǱʴϧǣøԶѾҾרҷǳϸķڶʵˣרҸңֻҪ꣬ʲôЦԭʼңL͹ᱻڶľӳ׻ܣڶŻǵĳں飬ǣֻ
ھĵ˹ά㲻ã·ϻ𣿡
˹άʼ磬ãһ˵ȷǳΣգҲ⣬ΪǵʮڣټڶӦԼLеҲѡֻðˣΪֵõأҲͬҵ뷨
˵ŻָָҮάˡ
Ӣܼھڲͣ˵֪еע⡣ﰵֻҪлᣬͻʩչɺ׾ű䡱Ṧӵ˹άǰЩоԵ죬ֻҪסܹͶˡ
Ȼʱȴ˹ά㲻Ҫκε⣬ڶͳ߹ңǸйǲģԶҵ˶ǹ֣һͻɷѵġ
Ӣԣ֪Լ书±ȻǷǸڶģ˹ά˵òԼҪӹףҪʱ䡣һܹرѵȫעǹ˵׵ľӷӦĿֻ꣬Ҫһ룬һʱ֮䣬Ȼ޼ƿʩƺֻܵڶԷǹ֮£Ҳɵý亹벻ԼΪ߳һһ޷ѵΣ֮
ʱֻ˹ά˵һǸˡ
Ӣ֪Ҫ³ԼھǹҲֻðշˣȻǾһȺ޻ĺá
Ȼ˹άû³ǹ֣ΪʱͷѾһǹǶǲ֪ʲôʱ򿿽˹ά򣬰γеǹ׼ҺרҵĽ󡣡
˹ά뵽Լ۲˺ܾõ»ȻѡɫʱһǡˣҪʲô
ֻҧϰ塣ԲҵĴˣǷһݺܴĶ飬Ŀ
Ӣܼ˹άʮڴʱѾתǹڣ׼˶ǣЩǹֵǹ£ѾǳΣգĻܷŹѾϢһӶת۾͵һͷץסǹһؿڣⱣڵӶʱѪɶصײվһϵıϣȫˤڵأûһܹվ
ӢӲûͣţһ߽ǹӸ˹ھһֵһڵͷϣǱھǹ׼ǹڸϣͱһ߷ɣʱٵǹ죬ȴǹھӵӹȥǹ֮ʼգۼͻˡ
˿лڣһѾǹڶ׼ӢܣӢȴȻһȺɨֻ̡һ˲ҽŹڵأ˫ȴѾӢɨˣӢѾǹᵹڵأ׼һ֪ıڵüĿһǹͬһʱ䣬һǹ죬ȴǹھ˰ɱһڡ
ʮڱʮʱ䣬Ӣָܵһ㣬ڳ˹ά˶Ŀɿڴȫ˵ʱھǹڵδıȫɱ
ʱؼ˹άǹ죬ѾŴ˽ǻûпзʲôͱӢܿǹɱʱľʬ壬ڴߺţһʱҽ
˹ά뵽ҸԼӢʱ֮侹˴˿֪ڶĻûдӢֹһֱּ˼飬Ǹĳǹ֮֮׼ҲͨˣԼ˵ϣҪֻѾˡ
վǾ˵ղֻǸᣬһǶԺú̸ú̸ҪԸǣҼǮһ룬㿴ô
ӢʾǷſ˹άѾĿɿڴİҮά桢¸׷з˹˺վһγһǽԵסӵȻھ˻еǹȫ˳վ˹άйһ׻һǵһǡѾʧһΣҪô㡣
˹άæˣˣϵ۵ģʧˡ
ӢܹһЦ˹άϵ㷢ƭ˵ʱڣɱ˷Żʱͻʧʵڲš
˵ɫһ䣬ҾֹͣĺϰǮ


 398 ɱ¾
˹ά֪˵ɱ˾ɱˣ;ԲԼģæз˹Ǯ
з˹æ˵ԣͣĲţ˺һ󣬲̧ͷˣеǮѾת˻ȥСʱܹ˻ʾ
ʱȴö˹ά˹άû°ɣһġ
˹ά֪Լ¸޷ԼֻüŭԳˣԼӲæû£ǲҪҶ
˴ӦһȻûжˡ
ʱھܶ㿴¸ô죿
ӢܴʱɱѶ΢΢һЦСʱ㹻ܶˡ
ھ˼ӦʮϣҶйɱ˾֮ͽаûУ
Ӣû˵ִֻӵϼǹƤϣߵеһȴ⣬ȴվھǹ׼ڶߵ¥ϣ˼ǹ
תһǹһץסǸͷĿ¸׷ıģǰ¸׷ҲһװˣȴͬСһ
ߵ˴ǰ˿˰¸׷ȻӺȻһԾѾŰ¸׷ȥڿ֮ʱѾ顱ǹˣվ˵ϣʣµ˻ûзӦֱɱˡ
ʱݶϵǹȻӢܣð¸׷ǰͣƶţǹҲ޷Ӣȴûߵ¥£ȶŰ¸׷̫ѨһǹȻһԾϣֻڰһ㣬Ѿֱ¥ǹֻ̽ͷ濴ûκεķӦͱӢǹС
ʱӢǹӵѾ⣬һӶ˵ϵһǹſӣ¥¿ȥȴһЩڰǹ죬׷׳쿴šȴ˵ֵˣӢסӣڿǹҪȴĵ˳
Ȼûһֳʮˣȴ˱Ա࿿γһս粽ǣһ֪Ǿѵġ
Ӣſʼ׼һǹ̶߾ʬ壬ʱĺڰѾӦӢܿǹط׷׿ʼҵЩжǿҰţ9mmԶǹͬʱǹ֮£ӵܼ꣬Ӣڵݶʯмҷǡ޷
ǹӵ࣬ȫҲֻʮӢ»˵ϻһԾ£Ƭ̼䵽¥ףǽڴĿǹȻݶɨİ˶ʱڵء
ʱ˿̣һµţһ˿Ӣ֪ĺڰѾ֪ǿУܲ𣬶ҼпܻøĺڰǰԮ뾡ⳡɱ¾
ʱӵǹǰӳѾһҰţ9mmԶǹ֣Ȼ󿿽䣬һݶѾվ˳ͨ촰ϣ龰ʱһţȴĺڰѾֳһȻڶ¥ذ칫⣬һаˣ泵ſڴȴֳվʮˣŶſڣ˳
Ӣվͨ촰֮ϣһɨ䣬ʮ뵽˺ȻͷϣûжϳӢȫɨڵء
ӢԶǹγŵǹһԾ£Ƕ¥칫ڰѾ׷ǹӢܾһʯ֮ʱܡ
׼˳ʯϣȻ¥ƽ֮ʱǹȴȻȫֹͣˣһ˵ܶɵúð
ǹھ
Ӣܱʯ˳¥ذ칫Ѿʬ壬壬Ҳδϰ
˴ЦţӢѾԾ˶¥߽ǰ칫ңȴ˹άȫſһǽϣǹš
ھ˿ֱʮ룬ܶԤƵҪ죬ⷽҲȲ㣬ȷǸרҵɱ֡
Ӣ΢΢һЦȴһ̾ûң֮УıԼʣѧ书ǳѪĵһɱ֣ٸղŵΣҲֻ·һ
˹άǹһƬţԼϸѡѾȫɥʶ㣬ҲһĿֲӢܡ࣬һɱ˵ħ
ʱھܶһСʱ·̣˹άԮʮ֮ϵһ׼ô죿
Ӣܲû˵˹ά
˹άۣ¶ĺ⣬֪ԶħҪԼ֣ȻɱֵԼҲûɢǿžӢܣҪǡ졯Ƕ˹ḷ̌ûõĶ
Ӣܵ¶ЦǶ˹ḷ̌ϾҪΪȥˣļšѾΪȥˣֻҪǮŪõĶһҲŪõŶھһ˵ǮǱҪģ˹άӦ֪Ǹʵ磬ԲΨһء
˹άӢһѪĻԼ밢Үά桢¸׷з˹ڴ˴ȷؾȡԼĵλħֲֿͷҲޱȡԼ޷ҪЮģæǮеǮҿȫ㣬ڶҪ̣ҪľǮֻҪӦŹңҵǮȫˡ
Ӣ֪Щǻ֮ƣţֻǴ˵绰ȷԼղŸǮѾת˻ھǱȻҲ࣬˹άƺ˵ֶ̧׼ͷһǹõǹʱ˹άͷϡãڵϣѪԽڼٵš
ذҮά桢¸׷з˹˼Ӣ֣֪ܶ⣬ĺ֮࣬Ӣǹ¸׷з˹Ѿ͵ڵأӢҪİҮά濪ǹ֮ʱȴǹл˵зǳĺô
ӢҲʲôǹ˵˵ܱܲסһ
һֵİҮάǹһĨĨͷϵ亹ŵ㲻ұľ̺ұ֤ܹ򵽡졯
ӢԣһһĽ͡
ҮάϽЩǱ߶ϵʼ֪Ҫ졯ʱҾ͸ͨ˻ֵǣôĵ֪Ҫ֮󣬾һڴӦˣұļ۸ֻҪԪһǳ͵ļ۸񣬺Ҹ˹ά򣬷ǾϵĿģһʺܺõ˹άڶʹ棬ڶӦLʮ˳϶ø˹ά򲻿ñңųL͹ͬڶǸɵ㣬֮ǰԵǵľ޿Ҫ֪ûʧţҲûгκεңǷǳ˹άͷҲûӣֻû뵽һεʧҪǱӦӦ
Ӣǳ˹̬ΪʲôƫԼҪ֪˹ŷ磬ǿҵĶȻϣڶһͳLｨľ»أʱ򲻽йԼҲǳҪԼԸڶҲǶԸĻɾֱṩ족ԼȴӦͨ˹άţ׬ǮܴﵽԼĿģǵȻһõ£˹ƣԸڶòԼץס߲ǡ
뵽Ѿǹ䣬Կ˹ά˵ʬЩ㶵Ķǵǣ˹ά˿쵽ˣܲҸصطͰҮάúõ̸һ̸
æӦã֪һطƽǺȥģȥ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҮάָָʾųȥ
ǰҮάﻹҶ˵æڶ֮󡣵صʬʱɫǶӢܵҲľη
˶һʻϾɵĹǼ˳Ϲ·ǰ˼·ڣСʱ֮ȴһƫƧɽ£һСľݣȻЩ¾ɡסˡ
ͣ³ӢܵľҲŵ˹ʱ²飬ԴšúٵǮµģΧûʲôˣʱס¡
Ӣܵ˵ͷ߽ľݣȴֻһСݣ档
ﲢûдֻһ򵥵ص̣ȴ˵ĹؼӾƿơƿǵʱѾɼһߡ
ػĸȻûʲôڵϣҮάӢ˸ƺ˼ʲô֪ʲô⣬ԼһŻ̤ڵżϣ߰ͰˮµţòײŹ֪ģ죬ҪúܼҪҪھͺ;ϵ
Ӣȴ˻֣ͷҮά˹ά򡢰¸׷з˹ˣǵļУǲǾ͸ˡ
ҮάҡҡͷˣһǵԼ˹һɳɷһ˹ά׵ܵܣһĽ˹άˣӦеһ˽˹άλӣҿҲҪǵġ
ӢܵûˣͿ𣿡
ҮάԵ˵ͷӦÿԣ˵λ֮¡
Ӣܵʲôط
ҮάԼ˹ڰɳɷڶ롣
Ӣܼ֪ǵػ𣿡
Үάһͷ֪Һϵ
ھʱѾӢܵ˼ˣ̵붫ĿǰûֱĪ˹ƵذǾǽӵ˹άѶҲ̣ȫл֡
ҮάҲӢ֮⣬æҪȥɱԼ˹ɳɷ򡣡
ھ΢΢һЦҮά棬Ҳ㲻֪ʲôˣһеģӦҲ˵Ѫɡ
Үά˵ͷ˵Ƕһŷжʱ򲻶࣬һ˵ǵĵһɱֽӰǳɱ˴ûʧ֡
˵Ȼʡʲôʱɴ۾Źھ㡭㡭
ھָָӢܵңҮάϲ㣬ӰǰҲǳѪڵϰ塣
ҮάƳӢһۣһȫ˵૵ֲáֲã˹άһˣ˵ҷ䣬ҵõɹһͨˣǾǲ
ӢܼھԼ˼ҪסҮά棬˵ɽûУ
ҮάֵͷȻ˵ɽȥڶ˹ҲзֲԻ͵ʱǻûһУ˵ձܲ˴ݻˣҲûˡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦһָھҮάϲ㣬ƽɽܲλӢ֮һǰǵɽĵһɱֹھ
ɽ֯ΪӴ󣬵һɱֹھҲڰ׹ֻǺɽûûѶˣҶΪͷһ𡣰ҮάӢܴԣ˵ˣֻҡͷͣ̾ϢƺΪԼ
ӢĿĴﵽҲ壬ҴóѪ¡
ھȴҡҡͷѪȻԼ˹ɳɷÿ죬ǴLпЩصľ̴򽻵ҲһЩ֣Ϳˡ
Ӣ֪Լ˹ɳɷķ̫ǿҹھֻ²ڳѪɱ֮£ͷã壬¾ͽˡ
ھһͷһɾɥİҮάѯ˵һЩ
***********************************************************֮󣬹ھֱӵµĵ绰ɱѾɹԼ˹˵صһɳɷȴڻжɾ䣬ھֻһڴɱԼ˹ʱˣ޴󰭡
֪ɱɹ֮Ӣھ㽫Үάеߣ׼еһƻ
ҮάԴ֪Ӣھ֮ǹã˳ˮ˵Ҵʱ䶼ڵذ˯ھĵ绰ˣԼ˹ɳɷѶҲԼڵĺڰＯȻܴ󣬶Ҳۺ񣬺ڰη弸֣Щ޿ײ룬ֲ˼ɱ֣ȴһȺ׵ĸ򣬵ưһʱɽ鸲һӡ
ӢܽԼ׾Լ˵ʱڵˣսսߵӢܵߣһƨ
ӢܵҮάҪϲ㣬ѾǼȨƵˡ
ҮάҲɵϣӢĿɱԼˣһĿģǰԼ˹άΪ׵ĸͷĿԼ˼ŵһѽΣʵ֮ϲøˡ
ԽԽ˷ܣæǣǱ֤ӽԺǺúõĺʲôȵģҲ˵ġ
˭֪ʱӢҡҡͷҮάˣǼŵƺӦ㡣


 399 µ
ҮάӢܵĻʱһ㶣ңԼ˹ɳɷҲˣǻ˭ܹ˹άλã
Ӣʱȴָָ̧һֱݽĬĬĶǵ
Үάһ̽ǣôܣôܴ˹άڿЦЦ
ҲӢܵĻæվЦˣôʸ¡
Ӣ΢΢һЦȴʰҮάҮά棬㣬ôܴ˹ά򣿡
Үάŵ꣬ȻЩСûʲôҲǶ˹ˣͲлǵĺġ
ӢƽĵҮά棬㣬Ǽܹڲ׳Ϊʲô
ҮάȻΪ⡣
ӢܵǮǵļزҪ
ҮάȻҪģΣյҾΪǮ
ӢһЦܺã˹άˣǼŵĵĲ˭Ӱ࣬ǵĴһܲܵõȥ棬еȻҲˣǲǣ
Үά˵ͷǣû
ӢܵǾͶˣҮά棬ǳΪǵ졣ҺͳԱ֤һ֮ںǼǩ³ԪĶ˵в˷Զǡ
Үάֵɴ۾ʧԪ
Ӣܺܿ϶һͷڣǳڡҺͳѾˡңL͹һܱص֣㲻˵˹ҺҲĶǣֳڵĺҮά档˵µѶȻж󡣡
һԪ˵һţһ˵ҲǼΪɹ۵ģҶѾǼųԱǱʲôܹ⣬ȹȥɹ۵棬õųԱĴ֧֡
ҮάӢܳԼ˹ɳɷʱֻѾ⣬Ҫһŵù˴˹άȻʵѡһԪĶܲõֻǺ󻰣ĿǰԼԽԽãԼûҰҪһѽΣøҲãҪŲŵס档
°Үάһͷðɣһöǵ죬˵˹άǰ˼ǵβ֪ɱ͵ϮֻҺͶʶĴȰѵһʴ⾡ɣסһЩˡ
ӢһУһǰǺ˹ά̸ȻЧǮҪǻ׷ӶöǵصһʮԪϡ
ʱæӢܵǰľһллĺ⣬㲻֪˹άļжҸû취ơ
Ӣǣ㿴ҵ۾
ǱȥȴӢкâ֣ȻϬޱȣжʱһָܿӶȥ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣ㲻ҪΪڸлңʵһֱڹ۲㣬ѾȹȥܶˣټǶα˵£Ѿ֪ʹ࣬ξʱʱ޲ģˣȥǵ˵Ļ𣿡
һͷȻǵãһӶǣ˵ǣסһ˾ԲŮƲҪԼгϢÿһ˵˲һҲб죬ҲҲڷܣҲ㻹лᣬпһɣΪҲһͰûа취ʩչԼĲܣҾ͸һͰܺúãǧôûи㡣
벻ˣǻὫԼĻһһϣӢֵһͷļǣȻˣ飬ϣиĳϢҲῴǸ־ˣҲܴܹ˲ûģҲı⡣
ĻϽԳȻ֮ɫȻʹĵͷʲôҶģ²֮ҲûҪãԲôƴ˹άУֻԼòãĴ¡
ǴӦӢܺЦûϵ밢ҮάʱġҮά˵Բԣ
Үά֪ԼҪǲʱʱľӷԸ˹ά˵죬ͻԼ졣
ҪӢ˵һ֮ڻгԪĶԼغôҲ٣˵͵ͷû⡣һᾡǵģֻʵ̫ᡣûС˲һЩ鷳¡
Ӣ΢ЦûϵѾˡڶ˹ЭǵأڡŻܶѡ
ԭӢѾھˡ˹߾عӦǷȶңL͹ʮҪھǸⷽ棬ھܹõ֤Ķ˹һʵĸݵҲڳԶطչܳ¶ǴڰͿ嵽Үά棬Ҳ԰ǽһЩˡ
ӢѾźһУҮά治ٶ˵ðɣܹڶ˹òҺͶǽͻĪ˹Ƴȥһټ飬˹ά˵ҸǶϢʲô⣬һϵġ
ӢܹưҮά滨ĿԺСͻ˻ֵߣİҵء졯˻ȥˡ
ҮάǱӢھһȻҴ뿪ˡ
֮ӢھСľȴš
LѾϢڶ￪ʼ˵ŵٽʿ֧ţڻϽŵž򶫲ɽתƣںƿȨ£װԱʧǳĲأԼ֮ҪǰҲ붫ɽˡ
ϽţڶžضʮʿҲ˾нָ˾װָ˰װ磬׼ʼλս
ⷽ棬ǹ㲥̨̨żǲԱϷǱļƻϽѾȫȨִУǰ˳ȥȫǹȥĽʦЩʦ״Ѿе۾L͹֧ߣϷǾܹõġ
ֹһ֮ӢھͣЩǶǰĴׯģЩӲԵķؼӾƣ˶ʡ
ʱȴԶԶĴ죬Ӣܶ񣬵һǹ˳ȥȴɫ񳵼һɫγļٵĿ˹ĹھһۣȻƵ˭ˣڰ䱸š
һͣˣһźɫƤ£ҰţԶǹıδ󺺣һҲˣװҲǰĲࡣ
ʱһȥмγĳţǳϾһǴźɫƤµİҮά棬һɫһʵؼõĺɫ£һֺǶǣ˿Ѿһ
Ӣھ״װҮά˳ŵѾΪ˶˹һŵ졣
ȻЩӦλӣǰҮάзɵĻ˻֣ǶţҪȥ̸¡
ʮδ󺺶ӦǣȻѸٵɢֲľݵܡ
˵վţӢ΢ЦŵҮά档ò
Үάûôףǵȷ̫ǳˣҾټеͷĿᡣȻ˹ά˵öǽӰࡣҸͲţһЩ˻ֽţɱ˹άǣҪȨȻƳܣָǺӦ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˹άȫȥžȨˣȻֵûɡҲʲôֵ£һԪĶǣǲǣ
ҮάӢܡг˾壬Щ˵Ҫأ֪ܹӵһԪضʱǶ˵ˡЩǱ߶ϵ˹άǼ֮ȫѾԪˣҪǵ˲٣ҪַˣǴҶòôǶǴˣҲ֪֮⣬û˹ʸ죬Ŀǰ־ȺףȻ»ɣҵһֱ£ǴӦö죬һһ֮ڣΪŻ棬Ҫϳѡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦһʱ䣬㹻öɼˣοгǣǿԷġ
˵ڶǼһĵǣ˵شѾˣͿԼôˣ²Ͽ㣬Ϊףģúü͡
ǿҲѾ¶˾ģһȻӢܣͷģһʧģ˹άܹ£Ҳһøá
˵ĻӢҲеοƾĶۣԼھڸǷǳõأĵλҲȶֻҪ־ϣʱգɾ;˹ά֮¡
ŶǺЦ˵ͷȻߵ˰ҮάǰҮάҺͳҪĻʲôʱŪ֣
Үάæ֪Ҫؾǣ죬Ҳǳ㣬ͷǳˣ֮Ҿܹˣ;ҪüңȻǶйϵĿֻ̫ܲжװ뼯װ䣬ͨ˵cȻٵLı;ҲҪ£㿴ôһºұ֤ȫ͵
ӢһͷãǮһǣټϳģѾʮԪǼŵ˸޻˵黹ܶ࣬Ҫ뿪ͻ֮ǰ֪ͨһھʲôطӡ
LĽžڸý֮ϣҪŻȥҲڴҵ֮УҮά̵ãһ֪ͨˣ쵽CƱĻȥǾûġ
йھĪ˹ƣӢȻǷǳķģȥȡʣµľףǵʱɹھǡҮάҲΪӢܽСǰҮάۼӢܵǻǣηмӣL͹ҲЩģԴǼӢڷУҪ֪ԼǰıϾһλͳҪܹͳһLǿɲһСңԼˣͽᣬҲպ󻹿ԵЩô
***********************************************************˵ڶ賿ӢѾصLȵеָӲս¥ָңϽмɳϰŪţȴһ㲣˫ۺףԵϢ㣬Ŀǰľơ
ӢָܽеԱæվӢ΢ЦŵͷȻǼ
ϽҲҴӭٵĵͳ¡죬ŪûУ
Ӣܵ˵ͷӦû⣬˹ǣǱߵľҲѾ˹ϵ⣬ܹ֮˴һһЩ𣬿Լ򵥵װʦһڻᵽ
Ͻ΢΢һ֪Ĳͳ˳֣Ӣܽӵֿ˵һףɵֵĵͳ£ŪôǮ
Ӣ΢΢һЦĸ׵ģΪȫĻ
ϽȻ֪Ӣй̣ȴ֪ôǮҲһ㶣̾Ϣŵͳ£һҲףL͹ڵ׸Ҳں̵ܶʱڱ⵰ģЩǮһòȼгɹһ죬L͹ľ˺תٻĸװɡ
ӢЦЦϽһȻ˵ĿҲܲţôʲô仯
ϽǳԴڶ﷢֮ŵнĵһžڵ˵Ŀ½ϴ֮£ĻҪֻҪһ֯ߣͻᱻ˵ĺը˺һӣȻ̹˲ͻƣǳأǸҲԸǵİ취ڸղţѾŵнȫ򶫳ˣ֮ȵоͻᱻˡ
ӢܵȻǵԤҪǿҲ֮Уȣ죬˴֮󣬵õƿȨƿҪԺЩʱ
Ͻҡҡͷˣͳ£µĹ㿴𡣡
Ӣܵһڷɻϣûпš
Ͻ˻֣ĵԴ򿪣ͳ¿
ڽͨѶ·ļӦһһ̨ԣӢһ̾Ȼϴ򿪣һ󣬱㵯һƵ
ֶӢһӡ˿ŵʼ磬ͳ£Һ÷ĬȻнƸģɲĴʵ̫鷳̫ΣգǾ㣬û취ʱ򣬾ֻˣʱɲܲˣҵ죬ĵָѶȵϷ
Ӣ΢΢һЦȥȻȥַȴһվƵͣһ󣬾˻棬Ȼ⽻ķרLƿŷᣬȥ


 400 
ӢܿƵŷʱԼһСʱڶʾ˾Ե֧֣ΪֻڶLܴLӢܵL͹ǷǷģһγ׵׵ңôʱǿǴӢܶԸҵ˾Ұǿ˴ֵƵڿȽ豸һֳ٣޳ܵǿΪµĿֲأƽڻҪϹLľٿ飬ЭLֲӳǾκƵĿֲ֯ģϹͨǽԻ˹жȨ
ӢܿƵֻЦǿӲΪĵĶߣм˽ģLľ»һֱսԣҲȫսԵҪһȻϣԼƻ֣ҲڶʮͼĹĲ˭ҪĹ棬Ҫô˭åңǿֲӵأĹվ˵ҲᱻֲָйǶƽвǷģⱾһǿǿоһڵϺΪΪνΰĹ棬ȴòˬȫͷԵ˶֪ô¡ǿҲֻĬĬŭܣڹϵʵڼ½ֻѾ֪ԼĳΪ羯죬ΨһĳΣʵͳ˿ֲķԴڰĿֲ֯չ׳ıҲı
ʱȥرȴӢ¹ĴǡɫСձһѶԼL͹ҲǿʷһЩй˾ܵʧعҸҪر˾Lǣй˹˵ȴǼķԣΪLֻLڲκιȨ档޵һЩչйȴʾֻ˵һЩģɣ˭Ļ
ӢȫţϽüͷȻޱȵͳ£㶼˰ɡ̬ȷǳǿӲпܹʼʩϹЭڶǽǸ޻֮L͹ܿҪʧˡ
Ӣû˵ɳϡ˼һϽԱߣԾƵؿһļƻ
˴Լʮ֮ӢܾϽڶȻǿ󣬵ʧȥģټңǱԽԽǻкܴػʤϹǵ˵ǵĻͽӽˡ
Ͻ˵ͷĿǰ˵ھûκһҿġ
ӢܵϽͬ˵Ŀǰ˵ھϵȷûκһҿ⣬һսҲδػȫ£෽ԾսǷô
Ͻ֪뵽ʲôǰһ㣬ͳ£ķ
ӢܺȻһЦϽӦ˵˾£ҲǳҪԣܶ࣬ټϸָȫòǲǣ
Ͻͷǣȥü˶Լ˶Ժ㣬ҸȱȴҪߡ
Ӣܵ˵ƻƣ
ϽҸԣҸȻơ
Ӣҡҡͷδأδأ¼κ¶ģһ£⵱ȻƣĻ£ͻơ
ʱҲӣ˾ʤ̣ǵʿ¸ңǵװҪһһͽֻһ̫ƴͶ˵ɳܡ
Ͻͬ⣬ȨúأǺģһձʿ˲ɲ
Ӣ΢ЦͶˣ̫ãִȨǵһҪ£Ҳ˵LսʮӴҲʲôҪһʿͻսںţһǧ˾ͻϽУʿֻڵͳһѡپҪ̨ˣѨҲΨһܹõĵط
Ͻ˵òк󻰣ʱһ񣬼ͳ£Ĵ㵽ʲô
Ӣܵ⽻ȭͷʵǲҪκεĹ˼ɡ̵ʱھϺݺݵشڶ֪ǵL͹һɢĶҪλ޶ȵĻԾͷʹľڰѾԹ˿ͷڶܳһ˼ǰǺܾõģǾܹѹסڶ֧֣ҿԿ϶˷ˮˣ˶֧Ԯͺðˡ
ϽӢܵķѾͳ£˵ʵһе죬ȴô
ӢԣЦҾͺĵͳԼǲϽ㣬Ҳֻܵˡ
Ͻ֪˵ЦҲЦž޴ѹ˿壬ġ緢ӢܣȻеҲᴴ𾪵漣L͹ϣģLҲϣģҲѡһֵԼϹᣬЧһͳ
ϵʱϽ֮£һžѾѸٳսԭƻŶɽȥ׼֮žϣݱŵнı棬ʱһžĶʮѾֻʣʮл򲿶ڽкܱ׳ңɱԵڻսҲ˵ܹﶫɽֻʮӣϵڶžʮˣɽжʮʿӢܵɣѾӵ鱨ڶȫL͹ʮʦʮ򲿶ǰǰһսֻʧ˲ң۴ӱϻװϣӢǼΪġ
Ӣڵڶ峿Ҳʼתƣڡ족û֮ǰϽ˿ı¶ľʦǲһͬеģܵĻĲ֮Уû֪ͳʲôط
뿪֮ǰӢѾΪҰȫѶܾ־ֳİ¶ԼгѪĳԱǱڳ֮Уǵľ飬ָλӵĻǷǳʵģڶʮ򲿶ӣҪЧǣסҪȡⳡսʤǾܵġ
櫣ӢҲûԼΪ֪ͷԣҪڲкǷǳףɽڶľӷȱٴĺá֮ӢڵĲӾ͵˶ġɳɽɳLһͷ˼ԭʼɭ֣Ҫʮ򲿶ѣCD磬ʱҲϽѡΪķ֮صԭ
еһв𣬵ȻҪϽɣȻѾ˺ֵܳ׼еĶʮӷֳ˰˸֣ÿһˣڿɽ˵ĸɽ֮Уǳ׾ۺһ𣬲ҪûӵԼ֮ǰҪľǱʵлὫ˷ֶ֮
ڶı֮͵ɳɽڶ˾ڸϽָӣںڸϽӢоϣ˽ʮ꣬Ȼʲô´ѧҵʮͽ˾ӣμսʿһֱ˾ڸְλ϶˴Сϰٳսۣ˵ǳ˽ʿҲϤվĲԡڶĽУѵ汾ˣҲڶأ½޺Ϸ˴βûг˴κڸϽѾ½վоɳԼָӣӢϽС
ȻڸϽҲ֮󣬵ȷӢϽеѹĽʮӣûзɢȥռУ¶ʮرռ˴ڱĵȵУĽʮȫˡɳɽпʵĵ·ȫɽʱÿһսʦ֮ٶȻǡǡӢϽµġֶۼߡս޷ʵʩֻӻرܺ󳷡Ⱥɽ
·ѷ⣬Ѿ޷˽ɽУSDڶعϵáηŷֶL͹ûģҹ֧֡ȻӢͨһЩ˽ӿԵõһЩʣڶʮ˵ȫǱˮнʦܴʳһ֮á
ϾǣƿȨĳʧȥټļǰæL͹ľɽлһÿ춼ЯŴըĺը׼ȷضŸʦըʧʮֲأʮʱ䣬Ӣܾ͵õ棬аǧʿըʿˣòӪΪƷɢɽУսѾΪ
ӢϽȻҹģ޿κΣ˵װǿԼټһСģָӵغڸϽľרֻܰ̾췦ˡ
˸˵ǣ족ԭԤƵذǰ쵽SӢϵ֮ɶͨ˽ӽ롰ɳɽӢϽһɽµָӲѺ˵һάɷͷĿĻˣһзƷһкն˵Ǹ𵼵ϰװԼ̵ӢܵβȽ
Ȼû˵Ӣ֪Ʒն˳Ƕ˹ĵרңֻǲڱ¶ݰˣӢܸе˷ܵǣģһЩ״豸άɷ˵Щ״ϵ֮ǾΪL͹ĵһκ͸ģСɼ򵥣ڰװҿԱĿǰͨ״ǰԤ֪˷ɻ֣Ƕ˹ƵĳɹرǶԸսǷǳЧ
ÿ춼ҵĺըӢͱ족˴ĵϣ̲Эװʮ֮Ūס
ͬʱӢѾıԭļƻŵнǱĵڶžȵоۼҵĹѶ¶ȵڶԱӷϮⲻͣƣ뷨ӽڶĶʮӵȵУȻ˶н֮ɢͻڶγ壬ΪңL͹Ѿ㾡ȫҲ鲻ˣҪԮֻܴΧɳɽľеɣʱߵѹܹˡ
Ȼʮ֮ڣŵн첿ڳⷢʮιѶ¶͸Ƿ˸ߴʮεСģϮڳеĶʮ򱱷ȴûдȵ׷ֻǼӽԳλӵѹѶ¶ͷЧϮѾԽԽѣʱӢҲòϣڸϽȷһñרңֱǵˮ©ҵսֶԼѾΪˡ
ɽеǳѣҪÿĿϮðװá족롰ϵ֮״Ѿǰ֮Ƚʵǡϵ֮״ԤʱȻȹȥ״ϣⱦӣѾԼһϵˡ


 401¡ս1
ֹ֮Ӣܾվ˾˹нȡϵеսɳɽĿվطϡ
L͹񻹴ټʽսһټܺըɹʹã뿪˹ȥĿվأ˹нֱڿóˣӢѾڡɳɽƽ̹ĵط׵ĿվأһСĻͣŰټսСͻظͣʮܣ಻ԶΪ֮ơ
һ֮ڸ˹нָ£ټսѾȫɵˡɳɽĿվأ˹нҲӢϽָӲ
һҹëëϸ꣬ȻLڵȴ򣬵ɳɽɽɭּ࣬һͷĺ䣬Ҵеϡ࣬£ϵκξж÷ǳѡ
ڴʱɳɽвһɽȴһȺڲͣæµţÿһ˵ɫţÿһ˵ľǸ߶Ƚš
ȻӢܵʱָӲˣӢܡϽ˹нԼ÷ĬΪ˵ͨѶԼսıһʮˡ
ʱӢܡϽ˹нΧһľɣšɳɽϸͼļ׳Աߣ˶֪ڸϽѾõL͹սһ֮ڡɳɽۼϢȻɳսǰһٴݻټĿվ
Ӣܽӵ鱨ʮս֮⡣⻹гټܵĸʽսٶܺըеսȫǰôڡɳɽϿգһʮģؿսҲһĿĿսڴ˿̣Ǹý壬ڵȴյĽ֣ź˻L͹Ŀվϣء
Ӣ˵οսһΪˡǾζƿȨ׵ʧȥûƿȨսǾԺϣģοǣֵĵһžеصžڽ롰ɳɽ֮ǰѾе̹װ׳ڷɢ½ӲӲĶԿ޷еģڸϽΪӪսѾȫƻӢϽء룬ָۼߡļƻҲ˵һοսʧܣӢܵľӾͳûȡʤϣһ֮ʽȫľȱʳʮ޷ɹغҪסʿǵͶΨһѡL͹㱻ɱҡ֮Уԣεؿսţ֮ΪͷʱϽҲһŵѯŸ˹н˹нοսǵİյж٣
˹н˺һȴҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ£ʵڲһشȡ졯ΣûۿЧûԤƵĺã޷Ըսô˵ôǵؿվܻԵĴ⣬ǡ졯ǳЧ˵սܵش⻹ټսȻǵսಮ٣ȴǣҪӮʤֻ»սľս֮С
Ͻԣ϶ʱȻ˹нô˵ⳡսʤĿѾ΢΢ˡ
˹нҡҡͷһæµŵļ÷ĬᣬҪǡ
Ͻǣֻ߰˸ˣܹʲôã
˹нϽȥľУڵսܲϤս˵սǰʤĶԿսͺܿռһƣ൱һʵڶڸϽ֪һЩһرӣǵͳ£һǷǳԶġ
˵Ӣܵͳ£˵÷ĬⷽĶ֣Ӧòʲôɣ
żľLԼ˵սҪǾԵ侲ӢڽĵԼ˹нĻ΢΢һЦųƣ޵һڿͣɹ룬ķǽҺûмȥȡܣһѾǹɱˡ÷ĬΪõӼӡȹеԣ˰꣬ڵ֮ǰŷųⷽļԲûɣҵƸǵʱѾϸĵˡ
˹н˵ͷܺãܺãڶǲⷽĶ˲ŵģҲΨһơ
ӢܵɫǵıȵؿսУɫеĿվڶ̶̵ʱͳ״ݻöʮʱ佨ʮŸķԼʮսԼս˿δػԻսȫ𼫴𶯣սʷҲҿµһҳⳡսУõɫļźƭ˶Էص״սϵػ״սҲʼʷ̨Lȥһ̫עسȫ˵ļǣԴ˲ûӣڶһߣҲ빥һ£˵Ǽ÷ĬĵӼ
˵⻰ʱʶЩڵļ÷Ĭˣͬʱֱۣ˾Ϊơ
ϽȻҵķ½ָѧԺѾʮǰˣѧľһսսʱľսԼ̹ˡڵãȻҲһЩйصսؼأֻΪһ˽⡣ûʵʼЧӢܻؽƸغɫƤӡʵǴΪɡ
ʱɽȻ˼̶ؾезսֵźš
ӢܡϽ˹нʱԼͬĻȻվ״ʾǰȴϷѾһС׵㣬ںܿǰƶ
ֻʾǰһʿ档дԼʮܵлҷٶȴԼÿСʱһǧٹ
˵⻰ͼʾĺֳİ׵㣬Ӧǰļæ棬ел֣Լжټܣٶһǧҡ
ԣ໥һ˵ǰʮսˣľټͺŲһʽսڶȻõսս庽ߣ伺ӦսսȻúըɵصĴݻ٣Էս㳲Ѿ׼еķɻһȫ׵õƿȨˡ
ʱϵϻﴫٵָӲָӲһŵأһŵأлѾǵĹΧǷ񷢶Ƿ񷢶شش𡣡
Ͻ֪ʱѵϽ̷
ϻ̱㴫˵Ļشǣס
ȻҲûˡ
Ӣ֪족ϾҪսĹ¶Ŀ״ʾ
Ȼʮ֮ʾ·һȺ㣬Ȼʮսٶȿ£Լһ֮ϻִָӲָӲһŵع䣬죬ʮöлܣŻطȥ
һŵصսӢܡϽ˹нжͬʱһʮö족ֻսҲ˵ֻ߷֮һĻʳɹʵڲһϢҲ˵ȵĶŵؽеһö족꣬ڶսҲʧɣսȻǿټϺټսⳡսҲֻʧܸա
˿Ӣ뵽һ£æż㿪ʼӸûУ
ͳ£ѾˣлԶźãƵ˶ŵأЧһЩ
ĻûһϻﴫָӲָӲǶŵأǶŵأлѾǵĹΧǷ񷢶Ƿ񷢶ָʾָʾ
ϽӢһۣͷŵأϽл
ϻӦһϢˡ
ʱӢ˭Ҳû˵ŵﲢԶ÷ĬĵӸŶսûЧ족ĳɹʻôͣ㳹ˡ
¶žһ֮󣬾ϻﴫղǸ˷ָܶӲָӲŵع䣬죬ʮöлʮܣлʮܡлķӦǳٶۡ
һ䣬ǱҲļ÷ĬԼµؼLĵӹʶʱվһ߸һ໥족ͻȻôĳɹʡ˵ǷĵӸãô󲿷սϵĻ״ʧЧʾһƬհף޷жϡ족ع켣ԶװҲãָӿȻֻаķˡ
ӢܵҲ໥ӣοĵ˵ͷǳһڶսʱѾֻʣ˶ʮܣŵؾǰ棬ʮö족ԴĵŵصľòԶǷصӸźŶٻһЩЧڶΪսӣۿҪڿʧˡ
ʱȴʾǰӱͳ£ͳ£ǰķɻѾı˺ߣ泷ȥ
Ӣˣæ״ʾȥȻǰ㿪ʼѸٺƣжʱףһڶ᲻ֵԪһܵսȫ˳ˣ֮ĻټսΪһӮⳡսʤ
ûһȴһŵصĴ棬ȴǵ˵սȺѾ˻ϿգȴûмǰL͹ĿվأڿʼԵÿնԵصҵĹ
ӢŸ˹н˹нҪıˡ
˹н˵ͷͨѶֱͨվأصָӹţлѾһŵأеսɣһſվШξأŻֶηҺϻע⣬лFսڹ߿գڵĸ߶ǧңеսǧ¸壬ԭƻУָսעⱣ໥ָ֮ӲϵҵӥǣL͹ϣǵϣڶ֪Ǿث֣ݺݵȥʹ˰ɡ
һ䣬ϻﴫ
һųס
ųס
ųס
һϻִ˸㱨ѾյϢӺҪлӴˡ
ӢʱܷܲӸֻԵлá
æվʼźͳ£ҪﵽҪ󣬾ͱҪרŵĵսɻһҪȡлеĵϣʵûа취ٷӸţӰԼսġ
Ӣܴʧһ˻֣¡
ʱϻﴫһų棬ѾǰʮȷִսһŵصϷζǱƽ
˹н̵һųָսǰӵлεʼ
ϻһųס
Ӣܿ״ʾȴһſվصսѾлһɫ㣬Ѿֲˣʱѽϻ
ʱȴųѾһŻصսѾ˽˻ָʾָʾ
˹н޷ʾжϵ飬˵ûУ
ֻųûȫңǰս߻Ԯ
˹нãסǰսעսĽڻ
ų̵ųס
ȻͽָͨӼսضԷ߻Ԯսȥˡ
Լ֮󣬾ϻųѾβսٶҿָʾָʾ
Ӣ֪лʱȻѾӦΪ˹нҪſվصսӦսȴųţųţҪȥǰصս̼գܹǣȥųϣлЭмսٶȼһҪѵлȺβָûС
ų̴ųס
Ȼִͣͨȥˡ
˹нʱָֹͣӣӢܵͳ£Ҫʱһ£ҵսԵ˵սǷЧˡ
Ӣܵ˹нղս˫ʤûսѾ˳սٷһǵʤĻǶ٣
˹нһսʤͨɷɻܡзԱԼָԱٳָ
˵һٵϿǱȵҪ֮һƣӷɻԷF-16ǵ׸-19ӣǵF-16׸-19ȣٶȡ׸-19ˮƽܳؾ˵ȴԶ׸һɣ˫ӾƿʼȦF-16Ϳɽ빥λá׸-19һ㲻F-16սǲôֱˮƽϵĻͨŻ˫ϹԵ֮ǲġ
Ӣܼ˹н͸֮ɫ΢ЦսۺǿԴƣԱļָԱٳָδӮùˡ


 402¡ս2
˹нӢܣҲӹһ˿Ц⣬ʵӷԱļ˵ϱ˫ǲģһſվصķԱȫǹȥҵĵдӵĶԱѵʱҪǳϸŻ֮ϻ뵥˵ļսˮƽͨķԱǿеķѶŷĿվȥҪָ˵λӣαӵĳһ㶼ܹսȫ䣬ְ˸ֳָӵĳôлβһֻңֻҪǵһң޷໥ڻϣǾ㲻ʤҲܺͶԷƽ֡
ӢܼᵽԼָãЦ˹нԼ˰
ʱϽҲڶĿվ˾¬ϽǿһķϵĹ򲻴ûʲôʵѧڶζͶüνָȸ˹нʵ̫Զ
˹нҡҡͷ̫ԶҲδأ¬ͱϽϣƽӦ̫࣬ڿսоǲңͿһսӣԾԶʤ٣ǵĿվӲƴʮսڣξͿԷ߱ɺζӣѸٶǵսɰΧ֮ƣЭս̵ʱڽǵսȫȻսһǵǰʧȥ񡣲ɶǵĵһִǷսٶȿƱܹǵǰֱӹҪſվصսܿлЭһſվصսҪһϣڶʱڽЧĹȫɢ˵ĶΣβˣǵʤĻҪˡ
˵ŻϻִһųָӲһųָӲ
˹нͨǸ˹нǵ
ϻлݶӵѾǽضϣлʮܣ˵ĳѾѣ֯βսһſվصսзΧָʾָʾ
˹нƺѾϵˣԥĵųţս뿪սšȥ֧Ԯſվصս
̴ųָӹٵųףųףϾ뿪Ͼ뿪
ʱ˹нֵһųţʼʩչβߡս
һųһųס
˹нٴη´Ӣܵ˹нʲôǡβߡս
˹нβߣսúܸѶȵķмڵ˵սŤԷĵ⵼˵ԼսսڵлҷʱǳֻǶԷԱļҪ󼫸ߣҵĵӷԱϸѵܹɣڶſվصսſվصսȥɶԵǰսΧ˵ʣµսβսѾһſվսսһȺǣҷʩչսԼҲ֪սЧΡ
˹нսԼԵ˫սԱ˽⣬ӢҲǰϲ˹нԿսָǾǹ֮ˣⳡսѾԽԽŻʤ
Сʱ֮󣬼״ʾԽԽ٣ζſսʤѷ֣ûãϻﴫһųָӹ˷ܵһųָӲһųָӲ
˹нǸ˹нһųΣ
һųָӹٴ˵սѾʧ룬ǵսһ벻ڵҪƽˣ˫սϵĵѾù⣬ûȫĽлȫ𡱸˹н׵лϵƽΪƣսķԱбȻеӣ֮£սⳡսʤǰˣҲ˷ãһųųųעⱣֶΣԵлĳףʤˡ
䣬ָܳԱ˺ĴӦ֮
˹н˴Ѿ¶Ц⣬Ӣܵͳ£ҿ㱣֤ٹСʱⳡսͻˣӽԺǾͲٵƿȨˡ
˵Żȴ۲״ʾĲԱͳ£쿴зɻˣٶȷǳ죬Ǹղųս
ӢæʾȥȴȻһЩСǰƶ
ʱ˹нһսһ¬Ͻ뽫µսȻȥ
һ˵šһߴæ˴Ǹ˹нǸ˹нһųųųشش𡣡
һϻʹָܳӹٵָʾ
˹нжʮսҷеս̳ŵصϿա̳ŵصϿա
ָܳӹٶ֪սæӦǣŸԵսŵصϿշȥ
Ӣܵע״ʾȴսѷսǰǴеսʼ󳷣֮ȫϷս״ʾʧˡ
ˡⳡΪͷĿսȫȵݴӢܡϽ˹н¶Цݡ
һսL͹ԭĶټսȻʧһһʮܣڶսѾ˴룬ټսҲʣ°ټܣȻƿȨûȫأѾǼʤˣŴӴԺڶսٺ޼ɵķ١ɳɽϿաѾڳרĶԸڸϽ½ӣⳡսʤ廹ֹڴˣ˶ԷʿȶL͹ģ֪ڶǲսʤأǹᡣֻҲҪģƺ׹L͹࿴ˡ
***********************************************************һ֮Ӣڡɳɽһɽо˼׶ֵİ佱񣬸ڿս֮Ĺٱ䷢ϽƵġѪѫ¡⡰Ѫѫ¡ͼܼ򵥣һʿǹ߾ףʤ龰ڵǴæƳɣȴL͹صһΰ佱ڲͬ
õѫµĵһȻָӴ˴οսĸ˹нȻǼ÷ĬἰվؽرѫعٱһЩԱɸָӹٰ䷢һġѫ¡L͹սݵϢһҹ֮ʹȫ磬ⳡս֮ǰý弸һΪL͹Ŀվֻһ޷ʹõߣû뵽Ȼܹٲ࣬ھԵ֮ȡ˿սʤ˳Ц¬ϽָӲ֮⣬ʼýL͹ʵΪڸϽĽʮҪԸȺɽеL͹ľҲûôףLľƻҪ۲졣
ʱ뷿Ѿͨý֪Ӣܴʤ̵Ϣ˵绰ףأȴһӢܴǸ˵ĺϢڶ˹ľܵң֮󣬷һδĹڶβˣƣӦӢѹ
ȻսʤϷĿվȻûбʣµĶʮսһټF-16սʵȻǿL͹İʮսֻҪǲٽ롰ɳɽӢܵġ족ãںڸϽȫ֮£ԽԽ䣬ȺɽеĶʮѾż֮ˡ
ڵڶϣӢϽһ𣬿ʼһжƻ
ʱϽڿսʤʱЦѾˣĵͳ£㿴ʳô
ӢֻܵͨSDˡ
ϽǲѾԪ׷ȥԮˣûлӦ
Ӣ΢΢һЦûлӦΪϵĹ˼ɣ졯ܹô˳شSSв֪ģһǹһֻ۱һֻۣȥܹʳҲܵġ
ϽȻһ̾귲ɭϯڶŸɵʱҶ֧ʳ𣬵ȴҪǮˡ
ӢҡҡͷܺͷɭȣΪʱڶҲŷ䣬δȡɭƾУSDƽ⣬ڶһͳLȻΪԼպвȻﷲɭˡҺȻ˷ɭһǾ⣬ҪǣڶʵԵ֮ϡһ¶ŲȥǾͰ׷׻ǮˣһڶɺޣͳһLȶ֮ҽڶñڶرǰͲ޸ԽԽõSDLԴԶΪ磬Ǿǵġ
Ͻ÷ǳ͸ɵõͷһĹ˼ɣͳ¡ǰʳˣڸϽô죬Ǹƻ֡űϣǻġ
ӢҲ˵ͷǡڸϽڶ汾£ҲҪ뷨
ϽʱѾ֪ӢǳѪϰ壬һǺպĵһɱ֡Ӱæôͳ£˴ɱ
Ӣܰ˰ֵвͨڽսڸϽĽ䱸ǳɭϣԳ֣ҪɹɱĿҲС
Ͻô
Ӣûϻش΢΢һ۾Ͻ˵ǺڶľӲӲʤĻж٣
ϽȻֻжɡ
Ӣӳһ˿Ц⣬Ѿڶƴ¡
Ͻƴ£ôܹڶ
ӢϽϽйһľ鼮ӱ֪㿴ûУ
Ͻ˵ͷʱ򿴹ûʲôӡˡ
Ӣܵӱġıƪһ仰սʤ֮Ҳս֮֮Ҳϱıηη¹ǡ˿Ͻ֪޷⣬仰˼ǣ̰սʤģûнսõ˵ʿûʿԸ⽻սõطϵȵľжıԴܵзսͼսΪξ⽻սʤˣٴܵо֮ǹ˵سǳءǣǲѶΪ֮ûа취İ취
Ͻ˼Ӣܵػ˼ͳ£˵ǶԸڶҪüıΣǲǡ
Ӣܺܿ϶һͷҪüıΣϽ֪ϸķһǺڶ֮ûУ
ϽڶЩһֱڷչװѾԶԶˡ
Ӣܵԡڶƾھ£ҿȴҲʹȱ㡣
ϽˣһŶͳ£ҵҪļ⡣
ӢܵڶǾ˳ݼбɫһҵͳЩLϱе˰ճӻ֮⡣ڹģҲڰԹֻΪӵǿ󲻸ҷңñֻ̫м˰աԹصӵʿǴͨͥǲܲӰ쵽ǵʿģܹԹɿŭʹľȫڶ£ͽвս֮ڶҲ͵ˡ
Ͻ㲻ż˵ȥɿ𣿡
Ӣ̫ܵˣٻҪʮϵȥҪ뱱ÿһÿһׯŻõЧ
ϽüʮȥҪЧҪʱ䣬ǺڸϽΪӪıƽʦʦ֮໥Ӧǵķָۼ֮ߺʵʩĸ¾ͻ޴ˡòӲƴ
ӢܺȻЦĸ£ҲڶûĵȵģϽڶڸϽͬĽ֮У˭λö
Ͻ˼ĵ½ıϣнһУ̸Ͽܶ£ҲܵڶͣʮӴüΣ֪Ըｾ̫ע۶ʵսûʲô汾ģҪָӾӣֻҪձ֮ƣһڸϽСĽġ
ӢܵͷãǾ뷨ڶﳷڸϽ̸ֽĲϣн
ϽôܣڸϽڶＫҳϣ֪£ڶҲǳô᳷
Ӣ΢΢һЦϽ㽲һйʷ
ӢܾȻйʷϽһ㶣֪Ȼĵã˵
Ӣܵйʷһĩڣһ̲ٱ췴Щ˳뺷սʿǶ֣ͽڽڰˡʱһλԬΣˣйԶһһ·ֱ룬û̵סѪս˴Сೡ֮󣬲סǳزʧ˵ŬʯУ˲ζŬ֮˾û̫֮λ
˵һֵ̫ʮֽƻ֪ٺԬƴȥһʧܣһƲߣسʵ۶ɲ¼ɵԸ񣬽ʵ۵ֳȥͷ󻼡ȼνأšòⶪʧûĵطԼؿԼԬ˽͡һĻ̻̣˵ʲôĶСЩȥԬоԹĳҲ˻˵ĻhڰŰ֮ʣ̫²̫ӻֱ˵˾׶ʿۣԬ˺飬ýͶϱʵһ¾ŲˣԬ䲻ԡı۾ھǽԬ̡
Ͻýζʲộ
ӢܵǽϵƤõһֱٵʱ̫ĴɢԬҥԣİնˣΪ֮ͨǣָһ⣬ոǮȡ֮ʳȵٿȡ࣬ɰãվ̡ʱǳ̣йʷ϶мأΪǧԩ໹˻ʵƷ֮Լ˵ģλԬҪԶԩȥˡ
ϽҲǶݣƵϧϧϧԬôһӢۣȴ˱ҵ³
䣬뵽ʲôӢܵͳ£ѵҲѧǸ̫ѺڸϽλԬ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷڶԸҲ֪˭ҲŵģֻҪǰƵþΪ棬ڸϽ㲻ȥ½˾һְǰߵָȨҲ䣬ܹǸϣнãĽ죬ҲûкڸϽٹʾǼٽɽ׷ֻҪ֮ɢǵĻ͵ˡ
ϽӢܵѾг뵽ƲȫУҲ¶˷֮ɫæͳ£ΪǸô죿
ӢܵϤڶЩ֪˭ڸϽͣǾȥ׽סȻ󹩳ǷȥڸϽϵǧҪ׷̫¶˼빤һʱ͵򣬲ڸϽΪֱλȨأ˵ǮȨգڶǲŵģ˵ڶΪˣͬLҵһµϣŻL͹һڶ㲻ţҲһӰˡ


 403¡ٻ÷Ӣ1
Ͻ̵ͷţϷҪݵñ棬׵ľ˵֪ϲϲɽһĵ35ʦʦλٽΪ̰ʿľñڸϽ𷣹Ҽ˻ξ˾ڸϽ赲ˣһܺ޺ڸϽô֪£á
Ӣܵãͽɵȥ⻹һ£Ͻ㻹֪ǵļƻа
Ͻʲô£
ӢܵϽ㻹ǲǵüֵн
ϽȻǵãڶŵĸҲǵһŵ˾ϣڸϽΪ˾ѡʴƵ걻ǳѪ˴ɱڷ𣬶ˣǡӰµ֣㲻˵ԼǡӰ𣿡
Ӣܵ˵ͷֵнȷҵǹ£ⲢҪҪɱ˵˭
ϽѵǺڸϽֵ֮󣬺ܶ˶ô²⡣
Ӣҡͷ΢΢һЦʹѶˣǺڸϽǼֵµһλõĽڹҲֻмˡ
Ͻһͳ£˵źȥɢҥԣڶĶȥֵȥʶĽ졣Ϳδˡ
ӢܵҥѾ˺ܾãǱ֪ڸϽҲȷܴڶоûţֻ뷨ӽҥԱøʵЩ
ϽʱҲ˷áͿڶвˡ
Ӣܳʵڶб̰ʩѾʧȥģ£µر󡣡
Ͻͫ׶ʱһ
Ӣһͷǵģ»ضȫսԷǳҪǲأǻ֧ڶֵ֧ķʽȴСпܻǵˡ
Ͻһ̾Ҳףͳ£Ŀǰٵʵ̫ˣ̬Ҳ˵ǻҪĵװҪ֧ôӵĻǲûǮˣĸ׵Ǯǰһ빺ʳ֮ҲҪù⣬Ψһķڱ˰𡣵ڰմʧҵûǮųL͹˰ƱػյطСʧȥǵ֧֣ûǮ̸ô򰡡
ӢܵĸֻóʮԪӴĿ֧˵ȷǱˮнҵĸ׻һʷǳҪĲƸȫԽĿǰȼü֮
ϽæʲôƸжǮ
Ӣܵһӡ
Ͻһ񣬵ѵǲرͼ
Ӣҡҡͷ
ϽʱΪʧһʲôã
ӢܵѪԼɱ˵󲿷Ϸ͡ٻиҵĸײûǵǮֻǷһ飬¡
ϽԣҲһϲðЩһЩǮһС
ӢһֵҲǮǽǮ
ϽʱΪֵǮ޳ó𣿡
Ӣ΢ЦϽһǧԪԪô룬˵ʵܡ
Ͻ˼һһΪѪȻɱˣȻҲɱңʧȥһزƲʧȥá
ӢܵһˣԪ̫ˡ
ϽͷǣұѪ֮ǰԪԽܣѾˣٸԪҲ;öˡ
ӢܵͶˣЩ˸ǮͱʾǷѪ飬пܻǺޣҲװԪֻǽ߰򣬴ӦսʤڶͳһLкתʱ黹ֻô룿
ϽѾӢܵ˼˷ܵһֵð취ð취Ȼ˸Ǯȴϣõŵ黹ʧЩǮֻһ·ǾL͹սʤڶLǾͻİˡ
ӢܺЦڶȻѾʧȥģһЩ͡Լһ֧Ƿ˳ѪȻ࣬ǵȴŵˣΪܹǽǮǾͻȥ˵ЩѲҪ֧ڶڶʧȥ븻֧֡ôĩվ͵ˡ
ϽĻȻվһ׼ľͳ¡һ˲ˣԱ˵ҪƷڶｨµĹǲġһܹڶĶ֣ʵӯĳͷ
ӢܻϽ£Ͻһս˵ʱҲȾ»Ҫö࣬һս֮ʱֻ¾İӢɵЭԼȥսʤɵ¡ɵͬ˹ܴһԭսڼ䣬̫ǮЭԼЭԼʧܣͻѪ޹顣ȻԽԵõǮܹõϵ֧֣һõ飬ڽǵǮȻŵˡҪģ˵Ҫȵúת֮ʱϾҪˡ
ϽҲһ뷨ǹڸϽ͸¶ڽսϢԽȻݻǰƣ۲һʱҾĵҲļƻڶĻɡ
ӢܵáھͷһԳĿǰֻҪܹٽؾӻܣڶ䶨ˣжѾݵ̫ޣս˳ͻִҲſǰΣǾҲ˼ء
Ͻ˵ͷȥȥˣӢȴԭ˼Ŀǰ˵ҪؾҪЧĴڡɳɽΪӪǰƵĽʮϷӣҪսĿ꣬غڸϽͱ뿪ָӲҲζƾʧܣڶϲŭ޳Ѳ²˼ʱ˿̣Ӣܵвĸһ޳Ů÷ӢǸȥĽ˿ȸڸڶߵĵһ鸾ҲĿǰӴˣԼңڶ̸ȴڰиܹȻأҲ÷ӢİڶԸɣйغڸϽͨе鴫ĶУȫţҲû˿Ļɣںɲʱ˵ĻͷǳҪˣݹʷ⣬ͷ綼һֲӵѾû·һ˿Ļᶼȡҵǣڶﻹʲôƣ˶ĳŵԼ֪÷ӢһģܹõЩ鱨ܹǰ筳ԲߣǼΪҪġ
뵽ЩӢѾһϽɱúڸϽͣԼӵΧƣʱ˫ύҪʱ䵽źȥ취ϵ÷ӢԼġ
ȵϽþӣӢ˵Ҫźȥ£ϽǼԣΪΪͳǰʵ̫ðգӢ֪µıҪԣҲֻԼܹɣǻֻۣҪȵ֪٣ǲжΣյģȨףһǷȥɣϽ֣Ҳֻգ֮£Ӣܹǰźϵ÷ӢȥϷǷ³Ѫ͡ǽǮ¾ͽѶЩ붼ʶŻ÷ǳ׵ġ
˵ڶ죬ӢܾʹӡɳɽǰźУΪ˰ȫϽ֮⣬˭Ҳ֪٣ڳ֮ǰѾŪ˼ٺٷ˼򵥵ĻװȥɱʱǱĿγ֮һװʱһʮˡٴһɫñǷǳϤˣǾϲĿڴšɳɽĵͼӢʩչṦһ·ɽ빵Ծ֮󣬾ͱܿϷؾӣ롰ɳɽУڸϽΪ˾ۼƱԸӢܡ˴ڱλõȵУسδһҲάŹȥӣľ֮£ûлҳһţϻЩά̵ҲһӪҵֻ˲࣬һؿ֪ԼһƲֹۣľL͹ľ֮󣬾ͻῪʼռˡ
ӢЩڽѲʱͦйأҲڰͷѾ¶ΪֵܾľֳЩ£ѾΡֻЩҪõӦенˮ棬˾޶ʽӴ֧Ҳ֧Ų˶ãҪ⣬ֻоڶľӣȥһϱΣָܹչãL͹άȥ
Ӣܼһڳһʽܵͣûʽ򣬾ȻϷȥ
һ·֮ϣȴǵĻѾ޷֤ˣʱʱ֮··֣һҼһʳʩķˣҲ̲סᣬȫԤƵڱľ޺תԼͷãҲԼˣԽԽʧҵԽԽ޷棬ȻһƬѪȻҵľһԼLжûаǣǱ˾ˡ
֮УӢܼǰУھȵиʱɱŵнָӵصڶžҵǹ֮ҲʱȵзУ֪ǱŵнִԼĽоȵȻڸչλս֮ǺڸϽӦѾʶԼͼóеضʮӼزȵдڱģֻҪҪڶʱڹƱκһʵѾסԼ
û֪ͨκˣӢܾʹȵƹ¶櫴ʱڳǱǵľ飬Ӧòʲô⣬лڶžλԱϣǿԱܿ˵Ѳ飬ԼܹڡɳɽȡʤͻֱȵУʱӦϣ°빦ˡ
˿³⣬ѾȫڶľˣӢܳҹɫǱ˷ߣһ⳵źжȥ
ϷĸﴩǰУȴȱûжٵĲ𣬳ǹǿƺ˱ӢۼһȺǿڼƤ³һ٣ЩȴǣһǿеһͷкǱΪûơ
Ӣ˳⳵˾֪ڶҪľѣѾ˿գЩѾûзнڶҲʧˡ
һ·֮ϣǼͻסޣӢܶϷİնL͹ķӦõ˽ȴϷİպܶ඼ֵͨԼڱ㲥Ӵ¥ݽ˺棬Ҳϣڶûһ˱ʾ֧֣Ȼҿտ˵ƷĻ֮жԹ֮ӢҲǰοõʧ仰۶κιҵ䶼ǽԣûԼڶһҲᱻƷģԼֻҪĿǰΣҪڶûеѣԤƵһжҪ̬ȣǳôȽԼ޶ʽ֧֣ڶܱһŸƤŸϻݺݵ˹Լҧ
֮󣬾͵źУӢһƫƧֵСס£Ϳʼ˼ô÷Ӣͳ䱸ɭϣβϤ֮ǰǺѽȥģοǣ̫Σ򲻵ѣ׵ðա
ʱһǸ÷ӢԼξ÷Ӣ˵£ڶ鸾֮һȥǾĻʿһӢξѣ䱻ڶ￴ˣռӣ͵ǰȥִһǳΣյ񣬽䲻Ѿˡ֪Ǳ¶ȻпµĽװһڶĹһƬӣڶ˺ЩŮڶͽͳȥˣǸ޹ؽҪϵӦò̫ѣ÷Ӣãƽͳһ߶ͨͿϵ÷Ӣˡ
⣬Ӣܾ߳˱ݣ˼֣һõ绰ͤͨͳܻҪתξϣܻǱߵĻԱʶûʣܿ͸ͨˣ绰˼洫һŮ˵ι˭
Ӣѹξ벻֪ѵ䣿
绰ξʱ˭쳵ϵ
Ӣ֪ξѽ쳵ϣܹͳ𣿡
ξ̵ԡ
Ӣܵã֪쳵ʲôطߵӣ͵ֵģȹݣȻ㣬סҪ߱ˣֻһǲֵġ
˵̹Ҷ˵绰ξһֵġ
صݴӣӢȥһµֻ͵˿֡ȹݡһҪһţżƣһòͣһ߹۲šȹݡĶֻҪκε쳣ֹλġ
ûзʲôֵûɵĵطһСʱ֮һŰɫµŮ˾ͳǡȹݡſڣվһ֮󣬾˽ȥ
Ӣֹ۲һŽ˴˽ֵǡȹݡȴξһƫƧĽڶš


 404¡ٻ÷Ӣ2
Ӣξ˹ȥĶ档
ξ̵Բһһλûҵطɡ
ӢЦһЦξѾˡ
ξʱɴ۾Ӣܺһŵ㵽˭쳵ʲôط
ӢҡҡͷξʵڶԲҲ֪쳵ϵ䡣
ξһվ
Ӣܲһʾһ΢Цŵξ÷Ӣѣһʱϵ뵽㣬⡣
Ӣ÷ӢξȻϴž裬Цŵƾʲô˵÷Ӣѡ
ӢȻЦ÷Ӣ˵һ£ֻ֪
ξʲô£
Ӣܵ˵ӭ¥һ˻棬ңʹ
ξԣɫʱ䣬žŵ÷Ӣô¸㣬㵽ʲôˣ
Ӣʱժñξѵ㲻ҵĺǸ˺𡣡
ξþãг벻ţӢܣӢܣL͹ͳӢܣ
Ӣ´ñĵ˵ͷξлϴεİҲлл
ξæĴѹ찡ӢܣôܵˣڸϽǰľڡɳɽΧסҵ졣
ҵ죬ĵǹİܵڶƤˡ
ӢһЦȴξһ㣬ϣʵش𡣡
ξͷֻҪܹشģȻԡ
Ӣ÷Ӣ˵Ҳܺڶǲǣ
ξĬһƺ˼òûش⡣һһͷȻ÷Ӣ˵ˣҲ㣬ǣҺڶռҡҵ쳵ɵǰȥڶûѶ治֪
ӢܼL͹ʲôĿ
ξʱͲ˾ӢܣݽҲ͵͵˵÷ǳãܹԼ˵ģLϣˡ
ӢܵξҲ֪Щ鷳
÷ӢһЩ£ܹ𣿡
ξԥĵ˵ͷԣӢܣǲ÷Ӣļ
Ӣܵ˼
ξҶˣڶƻúܣӴеŮֻ÷ӢߣڶǳΣ֪ģ׼ûд
Ӣܵ÷Ӣܹͳ𣿡
ξ÷Ӣٳÿһʱֻ̳ҪܹܿߵľǾͿԼˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãȥ÷Ӣ˵ҪʲôطȥҪǰ˵Һðš
ξһӢܣһãҲϣܹһæ
Ӣܵû⣬ʲô£
ξ֪ģҵ쳵ϱڶǰȥˣһֱûѶܲܰҲһ飬ǲǱץס
ȥĶʮϱ˫Ȼûдս£СĦϣ³оڶǰռȥأ쳵ûѸڶﰵֽ¶֮⣬Ӵ߷²ĿҲܴ󣬵Ӣܾ쳵ϵĲӷְ񣬴Ӧ顣
ξǽʳͳܾôӢܱ㽫ԼֻԼϵ
ξߺӢܾͻص˱ݣΨһ£ǵȴˡ
˵ڶ磬ֻӢæɡʿξأȴǸԼѾϵ÷Ӣˣ÷ӢҲǳᵽźġͰٻ̳ȥ¥װһ¼䣬ӢǱȥʱܹˡ
Ҷϵ绰Ӣڱ賿㣬ĴӴԾ£˴򶫶Уһ·ܿѲߵľʮ֮͵ǡͰٻ̳¶ͼΣҲİʩչṦݼ͵¥ķװǹ¼ǽŵģӢִܱĴȻԾ룬ȴһ䲼úŵķ䡣¾֮⣬¼ܡɳƷϴּ䡣
Ӣܾ;ɳϵȴţۿɫԽԽž洫֪̳ѾʼӪҵ÷ӢҲӦõˡ
Сʱ֮󣬾һŮ˹÷Ӣˣôôˡ
ž÷Ӣ͵ĵ㲻˵ᵽ»뿴ûУ
̵ˣˣ÷ӢˣɫѾˣƯƤ£ȫǷķװʦ³ƷÿһʽLеڶѡѡ
ֻ÷Ӣðȱ·е¿·õȥȫҪһԡ
Ӣ˵ʱƺ֪ԼҪעˡ
ʱ˷ܵĵǡõأõģ÷Ӣˣô߹Щ´ϲʾڲͬ˰ôҲζ
÷Ӣˣ·ýȥɣôࡣҿҪԲٵʱ䡣
Ӣϴּ䣬Ǿġ
žǿŵȻǽŲ˺һ󣬲÷Ӣˣе¿·ҶýˣҪҪ񣿡
÷ӢˣȳȥɣԼԣˣЩˣȥһ£µʱ򲻻̣Ҳվˡ
æõģ÷Ӣˣһдǵģͷ԰ɡ
˵⻰֮󣬾ŵѾȥˡ
ʱֻ÷Ӣúܣܣ㵽𡣡
Ӣʱ˳ȥʱ˷Ĵ÷ӢȴһɫĺƤ£ӣ㷢죬߹֮ҲѹڶȻ鸾ض࣬ȴѡԼߡ
÷ӢӢܣ˹§ס૵ĵܣҺ㣬غ㣬ÿ㶼ᵽҵҺһڶ
Ȼ÷ӢͱӢҪ󣬵Ӣǳ죬Ҳյһ㣬ıһ󣬲ŵ÷ӢҪæ
÷Ӣԣʱ뿪ػͷѾ˳ݵܣڱҶ֪ˣݽҲ˲һΪLľǵġ
ӢҡҡͷҲʲôǣֻԼܹ£LõŻϣ
÷Ӣܿ϶һͷǣLڶˣԽãԽ˽һصصĶħ˽̰ɫͳֻLֹĶΡܣҪô͸ҰɣҪ¶ɱҲԸ
Ӣ÷Ӣôڶ𣿡
÷Ӣҧ촽һεͷѳԹ֮ɫܣ֪ģҸڶֻǱƲѣҲһֱȴ޷ѣοǣҲ˼ҵŮһ¾ͿΧڹʲôļҵҲǳǳѹҲûʲôӣܡLˣǲΪ㣬ΪЩʹǣҲء
ӢӵһɳϣȻѩ׵ֵ÷Ӣڶ϶ɱǺڻ
÷ӢͷļϣܣҪô㡣
Ӣܵ÷ӢӦ֪ڵĴɣ
÷Ӣ΢΢˵ͷ֪ڶ˵ľѾΧڡɳɽ֮У綼ᱻĺżõ㡣ÿ춼ǱߵսĿվʤ̣ڶƢȴ˵úܡ
Ӣܵ÷Ӣ˵ҵؿվȻʤ̡Σȴûн⿪ںڸϽžӽɳɽȫˣһĽƣ£ҵľӾͷǳΣˡ
÷ӢڶԺڸϽܲ⡣һϻҵǰԹ˵ж̫˷Ѵʵľʡ
ڶʽߡӢϽҲ㵽ˣ÷Ӣ֤ʵ󡣶ʱһϲڶȻûǮ𣿡
÷ӢûˣԴʮս֮ûˣڵľȫЩĿ˾ǰյ˰𣬶˵Ҫʮսȫģǳŵʮ껹塣
Ӣܵܺã÷ӢڸϽڶҺܲ뽫½ıϣнλӣѾھɢһЩ鱨źܿͻᴫڶضˣȻڶѾԺڸϽ³ɹĻʶЩлᣬ˵ЩڸϽĻǧҪ̫ԣڶģʵ䷴ˡ
÷ӢѾӢܵ˼ͷңзǳйڶһշùң˴֮󣬷ǳܳд̣һֱûôͳҲһϣһʱ࣬ʲô¶Ҫ˵ʱҪҵڸϽһ˵ܣģ֪ôģġ
Ӣ֪÷ӢǸŮˣֻƾòڶҲδػѡͳΪ빫صһˣˣҲٶ˵£÷Ӣ֪ң𣿡
÷ӢңҲǳ⣬ڶӵϢ˵ѾȫʧأλӵԽԽǿ󣬰ǸԸеĵ·ѾƻˣڶľȻѾռĽ󣬵޷˳ڶҲ˯žҪ֪ЩǷµծָңĻƽȥһ²ò֣ҪͣǮˣܣһϢ֪ûУ
ӢܵʲôϢ
÷Ӣڶ˵ͨңĺ·氵̫࣬ӵǳ㣬ңѾLͨңļɽͨ׼ʮϵİڰ֮޼ܿҪˡ
ӢˣиϲԼĴڶҲòȥңĺ·խֻС͵佢ͨУȷڴװͨĸɽƺΨһ֮Ḷ́ʾСڶЩ˾ǰ˰ᱻܿɣԼǣ͹Աµѩϼ˪ãڶҪһ⣬ֻܶԼսپûL͹ԹޣҲ˷ˣʱڳ֣ȫԸңŲһ꣬ڶȨܹȶˡֻҪԼвһͳL룬ҲԤǰ
ų˼еӢܣ÷ӢѾһƬʼһֻΪļįﶯʵҪһ飬Դϴͳط֮ӢѾɱһˣһܹŮ˵ˣȥУѾȷʵʵڵİ֪˷䣬ȡ˱ķɭִǳżõݽ˾ͱհţţΨһڵ֧Ϊһе飬Լ


 405¡ȼ
ӢҲ÷Ӣ˵ʵʱ޵ˣ˵ϰģ黳ȴԶĨŮҲԶջ󣬳һ׽
ʱ֮䣬˵촽Ѿһ֮ҲҵĽŲֱ֮÷ӢҪϢؿڿʼŷֿ
Ӣвǲ÷Ӣٶȼ飬֪ԼﲢǾ֮أ÷ӢѾǳȵӣ÷Ӣ滹˵ţȳȥɡ
÷ӢʱѾңˮӯӯ͸˵ĺ˿ӢܵĻûɿıס૵ĵܣҪ㣬ҵҪʵ壬֪ⲻΣ𣬴ӦңҪߣӦңҲ֪һʲôʱټˡ
˾Ӣܻ˵ʲôֻס÷Ӣϥϣһֻȴ⿪İ׺£¸һ󣬸Ŵִƻƣ÷ӢǳģԲ鷿ʱϵѾӲͦ
Ӣȥĺ˱÷ӢĲͷͷȴ΢šѹֵĴϢһֻȴӢܵ壬ĸţȻһһĲȻ֮Լů֮С
Ӣܴʱﻹס־ȥĿӣ÷Ӣ̧ŷβţܿͿһҲӢܵİȻ΢΢һͦ˽ȥȻƶֻȴıסӢܵĲӡ
Ӣܰɳϣо÷Ӣȵʪİ׺Ѿ˵Ľ֮ڸֻܿǰŵ͸ż˿ѩ׹⻬ܴ̼ͦţܿ÷ӢѹֵһƺѾƲסԼѾˣӢڵĻᱻȴ÷ӢͷһѾסԼ촽
˺һ÷ӢӣѾԽԽ䣬Ҳʼ΢΢زݣֻͷӢܵļϡ
Ӣ֪ѾҲٿԼܿһй
ӵһ֮÷ӢӼѹ֪ʱѾ磬ȥŵľģæӢܵϥվóƤȡֽȸȻԼҲøɾŴõĿӣ·
һŪ֮÷ӢƤȡһʯСĺӣݵӢܵߵܣȥ
ӢܽӹǺӣһȴȫЩ鱦Σһ֪ǼΪ֮ɵһ㶵÷ӢǸʲô
÷ӢһЦָָеһŵɫʯЩڶ͸ҵľöϷǵġ֮ġҪֵ˰ԪĽָǧԪҰɣ֪Ҫ̣ǳȱǮûʲôãͰȥˣܹȾȼҲá
ӢѾĸ׵Ǯ⣬ѶȥЩܹѪĴٹ˴Ǯ»ڽУȷҪǮȻ֪Щ鱦ڶѹ֬򣬵÷ӢܹóԼеѾԶһж÷ӢЩңڶô
÷ӢҡҡͷڶûעЩģҲ¡
˵ӢܵһǣܣҪˣģղ˵£Ҷסˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֪ҪϴּȥȻ÷ӢȻС˹Ӣܵǰһ̾һһǣȥš
Ӣ߽ϴּ䣬÷ӢЩ·ҶҪˣǶװãھҪߡ
ʱ˷ܵĵõģ÷Ӣˣͽ˽װã͵ȥ
÷Ӣû뿪ǿһЩ·ɻҲٵʱ䣬һһҪȥ
ӦţĽļӪҵԱûþͰˣһŲ֮󣬸ű㴫˹ŵеѾˡ
Ӣ֪ǹרõңƽʱǺģתһҵһȴһ˵̨һԾ£۲õΣԾ֮󣬾ʹһԱ̳֮ͨУȻ¥
÷ӢźĿѾﵽӢܲٵ顣һʿ򱱶ȥ
֮Ѿԭ·ˡɳɽָӲ֮أϽȻҲһ£һɵѾڸϽоԹϲϲɽһĵ35ʦλٽУڸϽ˽ͨؼ鱨ѾͨⰢλٽڶĶһ¾ǲӢϣSDûֹһЩ˽ɳɽL͹ʳֻҪ㹻ǮǾ⵽֮ġ
ֹ죬ѶҲкϢЩܹѪݵĴٹ˹Ȼ˾޿һʮԪҴӦѶL͹ƷLȥ˵ԼһЩ֧ڶֹͣһЩҲѶԼֻҪҪ֪ͨǻȫϵġ
ʽӢϵ˹ھһö쵼翸ʽεļ۸ȴϴһ룬ӦǶ˹ľ֪L龰ڼ۸Ͻ˺ܴŻݡ
һжԤƷţӢȴڵȴźڸϽϢҪԼطƲܳɹڸϽ˶þͻ֪ϽĵֻڹʲɾܿͻᲽƶȵԽԽСSDǾL͹ľӽԼĹҵģ·ΨоۼڸϽľսֻһǾǡ׵ʧܡ
ʱֽŵһȥ˵磬ӢϽѾʼڸϽĶԲߣȴһͨѶԱϽ鱨İУҪϢҪ㱨
Ͻ˹ȥͲιϽУʲô𣿡
ͲǱߵİУ˵ʲôϽȴ¶˿ϲ֮ɫģģУȷûС
ǰУ˵˼仰ֻϽЩ˷ܵĴãУ̽Ϣʲôһ㱨
ӢһֱĬĬţȵϽ»ͲҴҵԼڸϽǲѾˣ
Ͻ侲ͷݰУõȷ鱨ڸϽӵ˵ѾĸСʱǰֱ뿪ľ½ıϣнټʦľٿ˻飬˵ڶԲڵĻչܲ⣬ҪһڼL͹ڡɳɽֻҪĵһžžʣµѾתΪλӵĵڶžû죬ʧȥĹǣͲΪˣЩСģĵϮ¼Ҳ֮ܿڣLϱһͳLҲֻһͳǾڶ
ӢϽĻ˵ͷϽת֮սҪ죬ǵĻҲ쵽ˡ
ϽҲһͷֻҪʤһ̣ͻشϷӵģõL֧֣ڶͺ֧ˡ
ӢܵڶﵹʩλǾ¶ѾǧٿףֻҪлᣬսʤѣ̫ϣҵĵڶһܣ޵սԲͻᱻƻ밴һ磬ǾӲܵġ
Ͻ̾һҲ֪ĵˡڣҲֻһһˡȴӮⳡ˵
ӢܵϽ׼ô𡣡
Ͻͳ£
˵žߵ˲ԶšɳɽϸͼɳǰһָӸˣָɽмһλõͳ¡Ѿսĵط㿴Σ
Ӣ˹ȥѷɽƷǳӣҾѾ޽˴Ĺ£ȷһʺϾսصطҪһսȥֻ²ס
Ͻ˵ͷǲףǵָӲҪƵȥҪⷢźõ˲ȻʦҪʼ˽ڽڰ˵ؼźѷɽһһҪõʦʦ֮ľһĿռ䡣ô󲿷־˵İΧȦǷΧǻһ־ںѷɽù¼طһˣڶľӶ־ߣֻҪ˰Χ֧Ų˶õġ
Ӣ˼Ͻز𣬵ܺãɽУװײھ޷װϾռ˶ٵˣҾǱˮһսټʿͱڶľӸߣֻҪܹ˳Ĵȥ߳ɵʤ㡣
ϽҾһҪ¶ȣȫ޶־ӣòϣΪѾһŻȫ׷п϶Ҿȥϣһ̫˽ˣûʲô汾죬ְôϲǻϵġ
Ӣܵ˻жʮսվҲûȫ𣬿»Ԯǵصرƶֻļǻڶͨ籨ѸֻҹľڻܽУҪһʱ䡣
ϽѾǹˣʱ㹻ʱʦͽձ֮ƣϣһڰǰΧ𣬽սҾ͸ᣬͶһ֮ھս
Ӣܴʱû˵µġɳɽɳ̣ղŻƽҲЩһµʱ䣬ͽLԼˣ·Ǿġ
***********************************************************ʱһһĹȥҲһһĺ䣬ɽѾʼѩѡ
ϽĲ֮£ʦ½½ĺͲϣָӵϷӽ˻ֻֿɢɽУӢܹʱʿ֪ˣ˱²ȱϢͻᴫ벨ϣнĶУӰжϡ
ȻϣϽ˵һڽսӣӼ׷ȥںڸϽĲ֮£Ϸʦʦ֮ľ಻ᳬһоϮʦСʱ֮ھܸϵԮϣһ£ʦǰҲڵľӣеʮ֮ԶѾL͹ľȫɴĿ϶
ӢϽʱѾָӲǨ˺ѷɽȣÿ춼ͨ鿴ϢȴڶѾƲϣнݱƵԤƽһҽսϵýҲڷ׷ױҼ߸ǶԶL͹׫䳰ȷ϶ӢܵľѾȣҲҪһ¾ͻ벨ϣİΧ
ת۶ʮ͹ȥˣӢѾںѷɽȵΧһܵĵطú˵أʦʱ£ĵоԱڻء
ʱѩҲԽԽɳɽһƬѩ֮УL͹ʿµÿ춼ʮ˶ڶϷӻûбӵʿͺϰѩߣɽж˸ࡣ
ӢܹⱩ¶٣ϣѾõľλþǺѷɽȸټĸʦ˵ķҲȻҲѾƻڴ˴սžȫǰΧȦҲԽԽС
Ȼڵڶʮ첨ϣҪȫΧȦ֮ǰϽѾʮʦʮ˴ӵ˸ʦĿ϶˳ȥѷɽֻĸʦˡ
֮󣬵˵ڶʮ賿L͹ľӶָλãγ˷Χ֮ƣڶľӹнʮսӢܵľӲʮȻʿȻʢе֮ţһľսܷʤӢܵÿһʿһţs
ܹʱ䶨ڶʮʮӢϽʱںѷɽȵһױڻըɽ֮ڣվϵϻǰ棬һء
Ӣܿ˿ıѾǾŵʮ֣ͷæµŵļ÷Ĭ˵׼ûУܹŵ˵ͨѶ𣿡
Ҳ֪һսҪԣվӢһɫŵĵɫʣǷĵӸܹʮһٹֹֻʮʮ
Ӣܵ˵ͷʮʮѾ㹻ˣʧȥϵͻһɢɳҲɺܴвҪܹһġ
ҡҡͷͳ£Ϊô̰ΰҲܶˣΪ£ҸеǳңûǮҺ÷ĬҲᾡȫġ
Ӣܻ˻֣ʾصԭλ£˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮ㣬Ͻ˵ͷ
Ͻʱ˴ע⣬ע⣬101ܹʱѵ˷˷ϡ
ûһӣɽ֮⴫Ȼľ죬L͹ѾLľӷܹȻ޷ɽУ͵Ȼټϼʽȴǧţһʱ֮䣬뷢ˣӢڵɽȻűڻĵص㻹ʮɽʱ΢΢𶯲ţһЩʯмڷ׷׶䣬ӢܡϽԼָӲеĶʮͷ϶Żҳ˭Ҳûй˵ȥĨֻǸڸ߶ȵĽԼ¡


 406 
Լʮ֮Ͻ˴ͨѶԱͨ˿վأ202202شش𡣡
ûһϻʹ˹н202202ָʾָʾ
Ͻɳըսսʱϡ
˹н202ףִУϡ
Ͻ´ֱվţȻǺڽţͷѾ΢΢߳˺ˮһ̣ʵ䲻𰡡
ӢʱȴȥһƿƣţһϽϣҵ˾Ⱥһưɡ
ϽͷӢܣһƽӹ˾ƣͳ£ôŰ
Ӣ΢΢һЦȻҡҡͷ˵ʵҲұ㻹ţôڣѾ޷ʲôˣֻܵŸʦսûôģһ°ɡ
һ˵ţһ˶׵ľʣϽ
ʱԽԽˣǵҲѾʼϽһھƣͳ£ûһˣָô죿
ӢЩ޿κεһЦǾڶĩջûеȨܿȶȻͨңĵ·Լɳ͹ңĿǰʵ޷ֵȫģЩƽĵ·ᱻ޸ҲƻڶõңĲƸʲôˡ
Ͻѵ޲𣿡
Ӣܵһ²ߣǾǴɱڶڶһL־ͻңϣһ쵼ִ̨ܹ
ϽЦºѣҶϷЩһﲢİʸڶλӵû˭뵽L񡣡
ӢֻܵаٻֻʱҪһЩˡ
Ͻ̾һϣܹLܵʹ࣬һܹʤͳ£ҶġֻҪִLһйϣġ
˵ŻкȻҵĲǺȻ֮·ڶ졣ͷϵʯһһµ䣬žһϻ101101435Ѿѷɽʮʦϣϡ
ǸغѷɽȵشнĴţϽ˴435435101101ȴʱϡ
Ǵн˵һ435ףϡ
Ȼͽͨ
ǹ֮ȴӼʮʦԼʮˣȻȷغѷɽȵĲӶһɽĹ£ҪռҲףϽʱѾ˹нһֱ׼Ʋʱʱˡ
ǹһֱСʱ˵ĿվӹȻڶʮսش¿ʼԮӶ˹ӹһö쵼ٴηСʱ֮Ӣܾͽӵս˵սڵ浼˹нĿվӵ˫ش֮Ѿʧ߰˳ɣʣµսȫսƿȨѾL͹ӵС
ľȴӢϽϣⳡʮӵļսǰԤƣҪʱŻǣսҹ峿ǹ֮ȻϡʦĽݱƵƵڶľ֧Сʱ֮㿪ʼͶʿֱ壬ץסԼųʦ׸L͹ľӣϣõսѾʼ߽⡣
磬ǹ֮ѾȫͣŴսڶʮӣʮ˱֮⣬ľȫL͹ľͶ˽һԭΪޱȲпἤҵľս漣ڶʱL͹Ĵʤա
½½ĽݱָӲ˶׷㵸ĻţźţһƬڵľ
ӢϽʱһۣԼͬȥһȻ󶼴ЦڶľϡɻɢȥеĵĶʱ֮ҷһʤƯǾζڶĩѾ٣Ѿˡ
߳ɽʱѩѾͣˣů̫أʿʱҲӹ˳ڴб˴ӵţףⳡǰս
ӢܼľѾڻˡҴǳһĵӣĵ˵ĻǷǳ͵ģҪƴԼؾӾսʵǺʤ㣬ɵһ̾Ƕ߹ڶʵѾˡִ⼸ʮÿ춼䣬ʧʧ£ߵ£ȷXXXԣֲ
ϽԱߣ˵ͷڶʿ˳Ȼܹзԡܵõһ΢ľãǵĸĸãȴڹſӡڶµĽ죬ҲǺͿʼԹˣֻǲҷսȴøڶļᡣ
Ӣܵǰйһ̳θܡ̷Űñڸأʹ಻⵽ԣ˫һҰصطսֻӡıﵽʮ򣬵սһ֮ľӺȻ򣬰ľӺ̳ܿľʦ裬龰ʵƣϧڶһ򣬲֪Щʷؽѵɻ
Ͻͳ£Ǹô죿
Ӣܲ˼ĵⳡʤѾڶﵱͷһܸ֮Ӧ̻ӱΧȵеĶʮϷӣͶʮһڶޱã㳹׵ˡ
ϽãϵɾӳɳɽнĵڶžϣóеλϣʹͶ
һ˵ţһ߾ɽָӲҴҶȥȴȥ´ȥˡ
Ӣܼȥգ˿˷ѽѩСƵط߻ʿţֻգȻһ¡
Ԫٰʮ꣬źųưĴ£־𶫽ͳһ¡ΣһƬ֡лȻִ󶼶ָ£лʯллͻʱǰȥָӵõˮ֮սʤ࣬ǰأݱ͵ʱл塣ݱλԣɫؼ塣˱ﲻסл˵ûôѾܵˡֱ壬˸ԺлƲסͷϲãԾңľϵݶлʵƣȻղϽǰֵ£ΪȶҵеĽž֮ϵģϾеһжģʧܣǾζԼʮӽװ֮;ֲһ㿴͸Ũ֪ʲôʱܿϣˡ
˭֪ڸղţһɵӢжôôĽš
һ֮ӢϽѾˡɳɽ֮⣬ʱɳɽݵϢѾǶL͹ʤѾģ;֮ϣеİնԷˮҵǼнʳҪξĸǶ಻ʤЧȺ֮иǲͣĸߺšͳ꣬L͹ꡱ֮Ŀںţޱ֣ľ
ӢϽһװ׳ϡһУһŸ㲣ŸмεӣҲǼȣʱᵽһ仰ǾһеʷƶģԼֻӦ˶LʷֵһĵťɶЩյҸԣʱ˷ʱݽʲôûǵӵѡԼ̫ҪһܹΪ쵼ˡ
ӢֻԼѪڷڰķģԼһСһҪľĴһҸϣLһִԴ֮LԴȫġ
֮ӢѾȵеΧʱеĶʮϷƴͻΧϷڶžнشҲȫ˾װֹоͻΧսʮּңϷҲѾ嵽Χʮ֮⡣ۿҪ˺ӳȥˡ
ϽĲ֮£һžžͶսȻвͶϷӲûвսL͹ܱȻﵽʮټδݵõϷӵشڡ̹ˡװ׳Ҹ˹нվӵսըȻаܿͶʹãʵѾռ˾Եƣֻʱ䣬ͽҪͻΧɹϷӱƻ˳С
ǿйǣζŻһпսԼʮƵڻĺ֮£еĽ𣬻ڳеļʮҲᱻˣֻȰϲߣռȵгǽ֮ӢܱȫͣϽдһȰŸͳ˧жʮ򱱷ӵLļž˾άнڵڶյİ˵ǰظǿ֮£ֻ·һ
һҹʱܿ͹ȥˣۿάн޲СʱӢϽڳϵһɳϾĵȴպհ³һȺװѾǾɹź䱸š
ۿʮӾ͵ʱ䣬άнǱ߻ûκεϢӢ̾һάнҪ翹ˡ
ϽάµļһҲϷб֮һȥһֱڶһųڵĵļž˾õڶΣǳģҪͶֻºѡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲ˵άڶĸȵʱ䵽˵ա
ûãʱ͵˰˵άнȻûлظϽһӾվάѾҪΪڶЧˣͳ£ȫ淢ܹҿ㱣֤һ֮ڣһս
˭֪Ӣȴҡҡͷ΢΢һЦȲæٵһȣϽһ˿ˡ
Ͻԣɵһ㶣ӢгӣҲһɳ֮ϣЦðͳ¼ȻˣҾͷ㡣
Ӣܻ˻֣ȡһ˿ˣϽ˿
ԼһСʱ֮󣬾һͨѶͳ£ϷǱͨ
ӢƺϵˣЦϽһʤƣȻ˹ȥͨѶϻӢܣʲô뽲
ֻϻﴫһ˵ͳ£Ǿܾ־ֳ¶ͣ櫷ռ˵˵ָӲάн翹Ѿ櫻ˣָӲﻹеļžĸ˾нıĦнҵĿ֮С
Ӣܵã¶֪ͣһܹɣúȰȰнĦнϵǵûάڶҳϵġ
ֻ¶͵ǣͳ£ʮӵʱ䡣
ӢܴӦһͽͨ
ϽʱѾӢܵߣһϲĵͳ£ѾŰ¶ϮάµָӲˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ¶ڳǱôãͽάָӲĵˣǱȥˣάнҪԸⳡսҵȻӭҪƴƣҾͲᣬڶжɲܴеʿά£ӦǸЧ˫ķ
ϽȻ˭Ҳһǳɱֲ֣Һ˿ˣԭ㻹ôһ塣
ӢһЦҹȥһɱ֣̫ӲֶвˣȻֱӵİ취
Ͻһ̾ͳ£ûгΪĵˣҲȥˡ
Ӣûлش§ļѾܵĻˡ
˶һۣʱЦһͶһԶг֮
ЦһӢܵ㿴ļž᲻Ͷ
Ͻ΢Цźܿ϶һͷļžΧס˭֪Ӳȥɣάһһû˭ɵøڶȥģҿԸģ¶͵ϢܿҪˡ
˵ŻϻȻʹ˰¶͵ǰ¶ͣͳͨͳͨ
Ӣ߹ȥӢܣ¶ͣô
¶͵нĦнѾӦͶ֪ͨʦͳ׼ܽ
Ӣܵ¶ͣ櫴һȽǺúõĺһ
¶Цŵðȵеĵһڶ㳹군ˣϱܿͻͳһͻΪL͹ͳȹϲˡ
˵⻰ƺڶԱߵ櫣櫣Ҳ˵䣬ϲӢܾͿΪLͳ
˺һ櫶û˵¶ͱֵͳ£櫶˵˵ˣǻǵȵ̸ɣټ
žͽͨ
Ӣ֪櫿ԼһһԻͣȴ·ԽԽԶĸһǳìܿɬղűȻǲԸͨһ̾С÷Ļ飬ƭеˣɱе˵Ůˣĸеǳ֡


 001 
ֳˣлλֵܻ֧ңͻȻʧ٣źֵ֪ܶܶԭˣʲôɿܵԭûƷҶΣŶдҲӦԼְҵ£ƳϴڣжѷҪֺȻʧǾˣϷŵֻҪһǵϷ磬Ժջǻֵģҽֲȱݣøô⡣⣬ĳɹϷҪдͬʱҪ˼飬Ը¿ûйȥ࣬⣬ٴζлֵǵ֧֣ϷԶôʧġ
˵ڶ죬Ͻָ£ʮL͹ľӿǰϷ֮͵ִ˹ȥǰ߿³УԤƵȫû⵽κεĵֿ֮󣬾Ϸȥ֮󣬾ֱܹźг⡣
ӢڷɭĹۡÿĵľMĶõϢMǷϹ鰸LڶƽҵȻ۲̬ͣȴʮǿӲᱣ֤ҪǳֻҪڣܹ׻L͹ľӣƫԱѾռϷˣʱMͳľ߾ͽʮҪ
磬ӢϽҰȫѶԼԹηǳϤɹƻʵʩ˶ϷƱΪ⽻żơ
Ӣܵ鷿ɳϸãһԱ˿ȣӢһСڣ۹ɨżŲڹΣзȨģһĿǰơ
żһصҡҡͷͳ£ʱҲţͨһЩŷѴ¶̬ܵ˵ƶǺܲŷ޸ΪǵĹ˾Щ˾ǵٶйϵԶǷǳM׼ʼLѾõľ»أڱôһŪӰ쵽ǵȫսԣȻӲܣһжԲߵġ
ӢܵĿأǸô
żŷΪУһĿ˾ǾƻMȫսԣͳҲֻ֪ҪŷһǵL͹Ҫ군ͳҲֻԾŷҪⳡΣҲֻдֽ
ӢܵΪҸûָ˾LĿȨȻӦMǺڶһҲӭǰ»ء
ż˵ͷĿǰƺֻһ·ˣܹȫƷڶȨL͹Ҳ̫
ӢһȻϽѶλǵأ
Ѷ̵ͬŲʤ֮ףˡ
Ͻһָ˾ĿȨǱȻӱķڣҹľ÷չǾԲģûԴL棬Ҳ޳ɵһMҪLľ»أϸҲȫǻ£ΪһǾM˳˾ͬˣܱߵĹ˭ҲǣMĿԵĻңǸͿۣδҲMʲôͻҿM룬L»أֻҪMֳ֧ҲֻϢˡ
ĻżѶԱʾͬΪ˷Уתͷȥ֪Ӣܵ
ӢܻĵϽҲϿML»صȷûʲô󰭣෴ܱ߹γ壬ǣ֪ûУһͬM»أǳĺ
˵һ٣ֵһǽԵĳΪMĸMǵβͣĸԤвͻ»ڷǳ̵ʱڽLƷִڵֲƽ˵ǼӿMưԣΪνΨһĳӰ쵽ĹΪˣԸҶָֻţԼУMѣսԲǷǳµģҲǷģȻ⵽ķԣŷЩҲƵƵMĶ߸еЩòˣ˹MĿǰսԾ֣M뻪зǳǱսΣ˵ʲôʱпܱһ˵Lľ»ؾͻᷢҪãҲһзǳҵķLͻ⵽֮꣬пܻᱬ֮սMǣȥͻ֮ˣЩڻҵȴLˣѵñ𡣡
ӢܸԶǵķ˶ʱû˵ˡ
Ӣܴʱֵң˽½ǻˣҲϣԼǱڵĶŰΧÿ챻͵ĵ׼ţڹ˽ҶML»صġ
Ͻʱͳ£ҳĻеԶأǸ޷ɹĿǰһء
ӢܵһMڳʡԽϡ˶ʧܣݵβܣLСңҪҲһðգ浽ʱҲֻһˡ
Ͻһֱǵͳƺʲôƻû˵˿æͳ£㵽׻ʲô⣬ʱˣ˵ôɡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦǾѧϰȥԽϵĺ־볯ʵĽճɣ󻪹뻪쵼˻Ȼܵġ
ӢܴһϽѶżȻ
żһվһ˷ܵĵ汿ôû뵽һ»ضԻγ˼вԹ۵ģMװȻܺãȴǽڣҪǷһտɵЩ껪ĹչٶȣѷǵԽս볯սʱɱˣMҪLΪΪֻ½ǳѣⳡսҪȥֻͶʮʮϰٱMٸУⳡӲҲδش𡣡
ӢһͷǵģҾ⣬Mûȷ̬ǷҲʱ򻪹󣬲Ųҵ뷨㵹͸¶ȥMῪʱһЩ
żҪѪеĸMʩѹкͷúãͳ£Ͼȥ£MԽս볯սгԹ˿ͷλͳ˵̨߳ȥǲ᲻ͷʹġ
Ӣܻ˻֣ʾȥ죬ϽҲҪָǰ߾ӣ뿪ˣ鷿ֻӢѶˡ
ӢܼѶԼð죬ɵЦѶôʶˡ
˭֪Ѷȴĵ˵ͷǵģЩʶˣȥʶǸӢܣѾһģʲôѲͳˣɳ֮죬ĸ׶û뵽Ͼ㻹ûʮϽˣڶ㶼Ƿãֱһ漣
ӢܹһЦļȻûʮҵľֻ±ʮ˻໹ӣһôҲҪֱ˻ɣҲʮˣ˰ɡ
ѶʱҲЦˣɽǻ纣ӣкȻޱȵԺӢܻΪһΰˣһΪһĺʷΰˣԼȴʵϵʦĵӣԼһҲûа׻ˡ
***********************************************************ʱֹȥһڣL͹ľѾռźУϣڶʣµʮ˵Ϸĵڶа͵¶У׼ĳнսȴMǱߵϢﻹLĸۿڣһЩǱͧãʵڲУҲ·ߣʵı֮ˡ
Ͻʱָʮӽ͵¶ΧˮйͨʱȴӢָܵʾҪܹˡ
ӢѾ賿ʼȫʱ֣ϽѶԼʮսıѾǰߵһָӲʼ賿ĵ


 002
ۿŵʮңӢ½㱨սǰ׼ȴżҴҵָ߽Ӳɵһ㶣ż⽻ĹӦȵУʱȻǰߣһǳʲôˡ
ȻżӢܵǰľһȻɫͳ£нҪ㱨
Ӣһ֣߽Ҳһ˵СżţȻɳϣŲʲô
żϽMͨ⽻ϵˡ
ӢһȻµĵŶô˵
żҪȥMһˣ˵ºǰȥͬ⣬ͻר㣬;мҶġ
ӢܳĬãȻżȷM⽻ڶļ𣿡
żܿ϶һͷдѾ෽֤ʵˣǵ⽻ͨ˻˵Mͳ˼
Ӣܵż㿴MΪʲôⲽ壿
ż˼ĵֿܣһŪֶΣƭMѺһ־۵ĽǲԸʦڵðգʼĵλеһȴҪǲݣ»ء
Ӣ΢΢һЦMȻƶˣԳõĳƭȥѺʵֶΣòģԵһֿԺС˵ĵڶֵǺܷMڵ棬L˭ͳǲģڶҲһֻȻ޶࣬Ҳˣ£ңֻҪҺڶһͿԱ뻪ͻҲԴﵽǵսĿ꣬ʵǵǰ֮߰ؼԸԸһֻģԵõٻĹ
żͷӦҪǰȥҲ˺֣ӦMͣǲʧȥķȣҪ㲻ӦͺԤˣ֪ܻܲͳ£ھȥ벻ȥ֮ǰҪúõ˼Ҫʮ֮ǰػ
ӢֳĬ˴ʮӵʱ䣬Ȼżȥػ˵ѾͬܵMȥɷɻӡ
żӦһֵͳ£֪᲻ͬǵ
ӢҡҡֵҪM˵ֻȥػǡ
ż˵˹ȻҴ˳ȥ
Ӣ־һĽϽѶ˽ѸղżԼǶ˵һ顣
Ѷһͳ£ҷȥȻ㲻ͬML»أһģӦ֪ǰģʲô¶пܷ
ϽMҪͳȥҲһᣬͳ¾ܾˣ߳ŭҿԿ϶죬MкǿӲľٶڶ
ѶϷܹ֮ڽս
ϽڶʮӣĽʦĶ־ߣ֮ڵȻܽսоٿ˽뺣ڶлжʮ˿δսںչġ졯õģ˹нĿվ޷£Ǹܳ׵ڶҲڶｫսڰ͵¶еԭ򣬶Mİ£ڶʱҸȼ
Ӣܵ˵ͷϽķһûдӲ޷ȫϷӵģڶͨӲдǵҲ᲻Сϴȥֹͣȴµ
⻰һϽѶһ㶣ӢûжֻͣǵϽִаɡ
Ͻ֪ӢܾԵ޹ʵľһȻ˳ȥе˶ͷԣҲڶ
˵ڶϣһСͷɻȻӢܷMϳ˼ʻԱ֮ǰˣһпһе˹ŵMˣLǳϤӦMLعԱ
һ·֮ϲûκιнֻ;мһͣһ󣬽ʮСʱ֮ӢܾٴεM׶HС
ʱ֣ɻͣHнһûȻعͬһĺɫͨ˸¥֣·֯ԼһСʱ֮󣬾͵һ¥Ȼ¹ڳŮ˴æȻڡ
عӢܴʮ¥һװε÷ǳһһС͵Ļң໹з䣬Ӧ鷿֮ˡ
ǵ˹ŵ΢Цŵͳһ£ǵͳʹͻᵽˡ
ӢҲMͳʱԼ棬˵ͷߵǰشһɳȣ˫ֽ棬еľȴͳʹĵ
ԼСʱ֮󣬾洫һĸ߸ЬŲľһŮˣMв׿ԽŮμңͳʹһŮҲ֡
ǽŲͣŴ֮æ߹ȥţʱ֮䣬һMŮ˾ͳӢ֮ܵУһǳŮˣһװɫְҵװɫ㷢򾱺ɢţ̵籦ʯĹѩӣʹĴǿְ̰ҵװȴڲӯȵˣһ޹䣬Ůˡ
ӢܼŮӣȴǵ̲סվʧ̼㡣
ԭŮӾǵӢΪչ꣬Aܲ˹̸ʱйı̼֮ңڹѧϵ飬ҲһŮȨߣҺܿ𻪹ˣ˻йһʱԣ̼̬ȵǺ˺ܶ࣬ʱԼһ죬Ըѣ̼˵ҵᵽְûϵͳʹ
̼Ҳ˹֣¶˺΢Ц𾴵ͳû뵽Ұɡ
Ӣסѩ׵ֻ֣ҲЦȷû뵽̼С㣬һᣬһᡣ
̼֮󣬱һԵĿ˹ŵȳȥɣҪͳ̸
˹ŵӦһųȥˡ
ֻʣӢ̼ˣӢű̼ü֮Ѿ˼ֳķϣ̼С㣬û˰ɡ
̼΢΢һЦ겻¡
ӢܶʱЦԭǵô
˵ŻѾ˳λߣӢܺȻסЦݣ̼С㣬ǵ̸Уֻ²ɰɣ
̼һЦȻôɣұ⽻ְɲİ֪ǵͳҪһˣһɳʹ̸УԾӧˣ֪Һʶͬҵ󣬷һûʸġ
Ӣ΢ЦļMǧ˿Ƶϵ˾˿ɲУοݣҿģM̸УǷǳʵѡ
̼ʱҲסЦݣӢܵӢܣAݵʱҾ;ǸɫǸڲͬˣûп𾪵£ô̵ʱھͳһһңͳ˲𡣡
ӢܹһЦͳֻǺͿϵģLͳһʷıȻʲô˲ģ̼С㣬ͱ
̼ӹһ˿Ц⣬ӢܣҲװɵˣʲôˣҷǳ֪֪չ꿪ʼҾע㣬Īʧ٣ȻĪĳڻֵLĴ£ˣŮ治٣ҹȥûпһ
ӢЦЦȴش𣬵̼С㣬ҵ¼Ȼ㶼ˣðɣлʱ̸˵˵°ɣMҪʲô


 003
ֱ̼⣬ʱҲסЦݵӢܣ֪֪ԼΣա
Ӣܵ㻳ҿʼҾͺΣˡ
̼Ȼ֪һӢܣĬЦҪġ
ӢܵǲMҵL͹ˣҪúõһ˳ūš
̼ü˵ͦģʲôһ˳ūţֻҪ㶮𣿡
Ӣܺĵ˵ͷҶ˼һԵΡ
̼޿κεһҡͷðɣô˵ҵ֪̬ȡ
ӢܵǲϴLľ»ء
̼Ӣ˵ЩɵЩ˵Ը񵽵ģһͷǵͶõսԼƻɣվ뺣󲿷֡
ӢһЦǵͶõսԼƻɣ̼С㣬ôЩǿ߼ˣLҲһĹңνıɣҲǲӦҪڵˣǲǣ
̼Ӣܵ۹ȻһֻʳӥһϬһ˵İǲŭ̲סͻͻ˼£ȻϽܻв鷢
ӢܺȻվЦţ̼С㣬ҪL͹ͳL͹Ҫڣǲˡ
ֵ̼Ͻ
Ӣߵı󣬾͵Դ̼С㣬кøУˡ
̼ȥֻҵѣҵȻ㡣
Ӣҡҡͷԣ̼С㣬һֱһģԸⱻŮˣһAݵıѾҺرҲѾ㣬ǲǣ
̼û뵽ӢܾὫתƵӲĲ˲Ȼ͵վһ˫ģɫʹӢܵӢܣ㻹һˣĻҶģû뵽һõͳˡ
ӢƺӺܸȤЦеĵ̼С㣬ղ˵ģһԶŮ˵˼Щ˽ģάѷ벼³ᵥ˵ԼǰǸʵںԸΥʱûгɷԲףڳ˷һЩˣղ˵һֱעҵĶ򣬺ЩңҾȫˡ
̼ҧͦؿںһܿľͳһԼƽӢܣ㻹ǲǵҶ˵һ仰
Ӣʼ˵ò٣֪һ䡣
̼ȻһЦ˵Ǹֵˣ͸ԸˣѵȻãĵˣһǺͷ۵ģֻǸˣŪΣҵ⽻ζ֣֪ôźá벻仰ˡ
ӢܵϽˡ
ֺ̼ݺݵĵһۣӢܣͲ𣬱ҿŮˣһûʿȣˣˣ㣬Ҳ˵ˣ˰ɡ
Ӣܵ㲻ŮˣŮǿˣ̼С㣬ԲղſڿϣȷŻˣһʱħҲ֪Լ˵ЩʲôǧҪϣ͵ûˡ
̼һ޿κε飬һѽԼ£ȻǣҵĴӺͳû˭в㣬Ҳ±вLƾʲôMܲɵϰɡ
Ӣҡҡͷ˵ɵϵĿɲֹһðɣҾʹ˵˵ҪҺ̸ʲôɣʲô̶󹦸ɡ
̼ӢܣʵҲܼ򵥣ֻҪǩһЭ飬ͬǽɾͬˣML»ء
ӢܵML»أ̼С㣬MƤҪһЩ
̼΢΢һ̾Ӣܣ֪ЩִĿǰ˵Ψһѡ񣬶ҿԱֻ֤ҪǩЭ飬ǵϾͿ԰㣬ڶȻкǿȫսʤ޷ѡ
ӢܺȻʰʡ
̼һ㶵ʲôʣ
ӢܵɫıȲʣûмǴڶѾMνˣѾ˼ʮ꣬ˣֱ˴ÿˣͱ˺һŵſڶ֪ˣһʹһ
̼һڶܹLͳȫ֧֣ôĸҲˣЩLŪģڹҲǽ壬ǲٵ鷳ȡ˵Ҳһ£ӢܣҸղǴͳֱģҪת㣬úõĸǵкܴôģֻҪԼȫԽ
ӢһЦͳǲ˵Ҳ뻪ˡ
̼ӢܣǸˣܶΣķӦųģҲ㣬뻪潻棬ȷйǣһҲǳЧӦϧλᡣ
˵ɣҸһ쿼ǵʱ䣬ǰҴ𸴡
˵⻰̼ѾվӢܵӢܣΪѣϣӦΪԣûʲôģúɡ
һ˵ţ˳ȥһع˹ŵ˽
Ӣܲǣȥ⼸תƣȴÿ䶼󣬳鷿֮⣬ﾹһС͵ӾأܻMרԼһЩ㹫õҪĵطM⽻ԵȷǱ仯˵ģվM˵ĽǶûʲôԣһҵĹ浽˼˵ĵزĺƽͻᷢб
Ӣ׼·ȥӾֻȴóһȴĸ״ģͨˡ
صʱܶһ˵Mȥô˵Ѷҵġ
Ӣܵ裬ģһжʲôΣյġ
صMǲҪͬ»ص£
ӢܵǣղѾǵͳʹ̸ˣҪ֮ǰǩһЭ顣
صܶʵڲУǩ˰ɣǵﲻM˵ġ
Ӣܵ裬֪ôģġ
һֳĬһŵܶȥܲ취鵽һ˵䡣
Ӣܵ˭
ص˼
Ӣԡ֣жʱһ˺һ󣬲ųһҵס


 004
صǣܶףұͨϵҵʧˣԿ϶MǱMţܣҰɣ˼ֺ֪ӢTerencezaoҪϿԵңʲô⣬ٺϵɡ
˵ž͹Ҷ˵绰
էȻ֪Լ׵֣Ӣ侲ʱҲû΢΢ѪڣæóԼЯԣTerencezaoӢ֡
ʱ䣬ǧʾǰͣһȥȻϸĲ鿴һСʱ֮ǸʲôѾӡԺ
Terencezaoôᣬһرĳţʮʱ⿪˹һ缶ѧ⣬˵ʱѧĺ䶯ܵڶѧҵرʮʱѾõʿѧλʮʱܵMر¿вţMҪľо֣оͰսҪμΪǶʮΰĿѧ֮һõöֻΪM׿Խ׵˲ܵõMҿѧ£ҲMϯרҡ
ӢܽĶTerencezaoһƬһǷθߴˣֻЩޱ߷ԵЩŰ࣬ȴֵȣ޿ɻɣԼ˵Ķӣְ֣Ӣܵв֪ǧĳƺ˴С˲֪ǧ˾ôʼҰȷûԼʧÿһýıﶼšš׿Խ漣۶ĸͨЩҵġҲûԼʧȻʲôͳ࣬ȴһߣһԼֵԺĸס
סе˷ܣӢס˺ɿŸ׵٣ʧˣйظ׵Ų٣һĶǰֹҲ˵Ѿʧ꣬ûκεϢع⣬һͨĸҲ޷鵽ˣһܾǸڽʲôܵĿйMѩ㲻ԭMҲ֪䣬Ϊˣ漰Ҿܣǲеġ
Ӣ˼һ󣬱˵ԣߵ棬ǿ˹ŵСտNBAϵǵͳʹлҪ˵
վûҵߵ绰ͨһ룬ӢܵҪظһ飬һŻͲͳǵͳʹͨ
Ӣܱ˹ȥաιһ̼ӢܣǲѾͨˣͬǩЭ顣
ӢúɵĿǵӲŵ𣬱̼ô˵ҲԶôӵ̫ʾM˰ɣ׼ȥߣúõһ»ʢ٣֪ܲң
̼Ȼû뵽˵֮Ҫ󣬳ĬһȻðɣϵ绰Ҫ˾ʾһ¸𸴡
Ӣܵ˾ܹҶM˽⣬Эĳɹǩǲ᲻Ӧġ
һ˵ţ͹Ҷ˵绰Աߵš
Լʮ֮󣬵绰ˣɿȥȻݸӢܡ
Ӣŵ绰ι̼˾Ѿͬ˰ɡ
绰Ƕ˴̼޿κεҵ˾ѾȷѾͬˣСģ˵鱨зǸʥԸŮ˺һס
ӢܶʱЦʥǹˣ˾ĬУϲLȿȣһúÿ
̼ٶ˵ֻˣʱһһԷټ
䣬绰Ͷˡ
Ӣܷµ绰ͿʼȤĺͿ˹ŵһͬNBA
ԼСʱ֮󣬵绰ٴǵ˹ŵȥӵģֻһͷӢܵͳ̼СѾ¥µˣһȥɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷſ˹ŵ¥˽֪ӢܼȻԸûܵıҪҲô䱸
¥´ͼһɫķ˹ͣ££Ǳ̼ȴѾְҵװһɫϸ¶߸ߵ˽ɫķ٣ϻŵױѩ׵ľһʯʯ֮һ΢΢¶鹵ẹ̈촽ΣǼԸһ֮ǰǸʢˣмѧʵŮѾȫһˡ
̼ӢܣͷƫƫʾԼԱȻĿתĿ˹ŵǺ档
ȵӢ˳˸ʻҵλϣ̼ͽӻֵȥֱſ˹ŵĳӸ˺棬żӿٶȡ
̼ųȥû취͵˹ŵһ鱨ֵˣθȫͬ㣬ȥʲôطûȨġ
ӢԼ̼ȻĴ㣬ף䣬ϵĽĿţM̫СӦȫ򵥰ɣǰΪʡһʽӴһԪ׵ķð
̼ͷѾЦ˰ɣӢܣͱˣǸL͹ܴܲڣһδ֪ͳڿû˳ϡ
˵⻰ֵðɣȴȥһҷĻζ㿴ô
Ӣܵô
̼һ㶣ʲôûL
Ӣҡҡͷ˾ѣҿһŮɱķʥ֮£ɱֻMġ
̼һӣʱ仨֦ҲЦӢܣԽԽĬˣúãƫҪȥʥôM㣬ҿһŮԶߣѧ侲ġ
Ӣ̾һǺðɣԼѡģû㡣
̼ͷаҵҪʥʲôֶסŮˣʲô£ȫʹɡ
ӢֻԼ̼ȻΪԼ׵䣬̼Լĳ̶ֳȵĺøУȫ϶ֻĹϵٽһչпԺ̼ߵŮ˰һԼæˡڱ̼ԸǺ˽ģֻмĺʤģ֪ԼֶȻδظУΪ˸׵䣬ǲκιǵģ̼˵ǺãҲԵǲġ
ͬŵŮһʱû˵ˣ̼ӿ˳٣Ӣųʢٵҹ
ԼСʱ֮󣬱̼ͽһ¥£һ³һӦǰӴ˽¥Ĳ
һһܰվӭװ޷µǷͷ񣬹ӶֵţûһյƣȫõĴÿһӶúԶ֮ȫţɢŵ㣬òͣ۸ɲ͡


 005
ӦӢ̼һƫƧľĽ䣬ó˲˵ѯҪʲôˣ̼ҪһݷţһݶΣӢܳ˷Ķ֮⣬һһݰϺ˲ƣ֮һ㴼ӢҲϲֻƺ󾢶Щ󣬶ÿԾñ̼˵ﻰ
ĵŲ̼ڶӢܺȻЦɵӢܣЦʲô
Ӣָָ㿴˹ŵ
̼عͷȥȴ˹ŵԼԶˣΧǺŮͬܰգʵڲֵһ͡
عͷҲЦһᱻ˿ͬҲûʲôķڻʢģҲģƽʱ᲻մĹ⣬ԲԼǮͱڸˡ
ӢܼЦݲõϲŵʻɫӳ֮µӯӯ̲ӣ͸źӨ⣬Ӣ㲻һɫ֮ͽҲһҵ»ݣŮҲȻΪ˸ףŮˣΪ˺ʤģŮˣŮˣҲĵȷȷֵκȥġ
һ͹ŮŮӦͶ˲ƣӢ̼˰뱭󣬾͹뿪ˡ
ʱӢ΢΢һЦ̼С㣬ô뵽ò͡
̼鵽ҷһȻ뷨ûжӿǣӢôһʣžƺЩףҪ˵ĿʵζڻʢҲڶңҴʲôԣ㲻ϲ⻻һҺˡ
Ӣܵܲûһң̼С㣬㳣𣿡
̼ΣǲһЩͬġ
Ӣҡͷ̾˵Щͬˣϧϧ
̼ϧʲô
ӢܵϧһŮԶߣѧ侲ģǻǮֻʱ䣬˭ҲﲻĿģѵϧ𣿡
̼ԼղŵĻʱҧҧӢܣ㲻ǺųƷʥʲôֶΣʹɣҼʶʶҲ׹
Ӣܵʥ˾˵ģҿɲҵߵŮˣʲôֶΣˣ̼С㣬άѷ벼³أǻ׷ûУ
ôһ˵̼һɣ㻹֪֮άѷ벼³жѾˣǻǺܺõѡ
Ӣҡͷ˾Ʊ̾ĬӣŮԶµߣΪǸɱ
̼̲ס߲ꡱһЦҲ˾ƱӢ̼ľС
˷˾ƱһͣȻµڶƣ̼Ӣܣ˵˵ɣôȥңȢĹ
Ӣ⻰Ȩһף̼İǳҪҲ֪һЩй£˵ʵҲܹõ⣬Լ鵽׵䣬̼»ҪΪʲô署𣬿ܱȽϳ֪ûȤ
̼ŶϲһĹ£㵹ǽ
Ӣܵ˵ͷɫͽĸ򰮲ɣҪ˼˵ļƻʼʵʩԼԼСLһУԼĸôûƭ˵ԼɱˣôƭңȢղƽϢɷҵ£ڶ֣ңľ˵һ顣ֻǾܵʡвܶ˵£Ͼ̼ûм棬һM⽻Ա֮Ĳް
ĹȻ봫棬Ȼ˵Ҳ˽Сʱ̼ĬĬţһžƣһһ˫̶۾ӢܣѾһͬ顣
ȵӢ̼ܽ꣬̾һӢܣĻģȫ㽲ķǳǺϣʵ㣬ĸһŮˣҾԭѪϰǵҲѾŮסڻıѾ˼ӣ˵ദöͦԸѾתˣ˵һ£ˣĸ׵˭ϢûС
ӢԣԼ׵䣬ߣȥMı̼ȫģпܻñ̼ü˵̸йMܣֻñ̼Ĵǲ֪ġ
˼αܿһʱһʦ֣һЩŮӵһԶĿ˹ŵʱ޾ɵſȣվŵһֵ̼С㣬һ֧𣿡
̼ȻһЦҲվһߵȻ֣
ʱûеƣֻ̨ϵʵӳţӢ̼Žҡţ˵Ŀʱһ𣬶̼һ򽾰Ŀʱǳһֱ
Ӣű̼ҲǰûԼĿģʼ̼ʺϷĵط̼ӣҲѲصסܿģĿ꣬ʯǴڱ̼ϣӨʵʯѰڷλãжûдǿʯƼӹɵˡ
ʱ̼С㣬ҹȥԱʯйоʯƺЩԡ
̼Ӣ֪ܶʶȻ֪ڹ̽ԼæһЦǵģʯģһܾµĹƷ
Ӣҡͷ̼С㣬߹ŮʿôֶܴᱻЦģϰˣһ
̼ЩΣæͦϲģߡһؼҺӰɡ
ӢʱѾȷ󣬱§סԽԽ̼ƺƿû¶һ˾ͷ·
Ӣ¶ҪŮˣԽ§ԽһעĽ䣬Ȼͷ޵ӣϡ
̼ʶֵסӢܵܿ˫־޷ˣٹһֹͣӣӢܵͷ̽˽ȥӢܷſ˫֣һֻ§Ӣܵĺ󾱣ſԼһֻ֣ȴĵĽ⿪ʯУȻбκ
ǽ֮󣬱̼΢΢ЩϢӢܣǸµļһ
ӢһЦ̼С㣬ҲŵǸʯ¡
̼֪Ѿʯˣҧҧӣҵ˾֪Һʶİţ֡
ӢܵȻ֣Ϊνķʥ˾һ£˵ʲô˵ĻͿ㱣侲ˡ
̼һ̾ӢܣҳϹȥкøУĹ¸ҸжһֿɾˣһӢۡ
ӢܴùʯԱߵĻ̨һ֮£Ȼӵűֵ̼Ľĵһߣ̼һæ
̼ƺЩ⣬ͷĿļϵʲô£
ӢܵղŲǺ֪ҵĸ˭ΪM񣬲Ѿʧˡ
̼ĵ˭
ӢܵTerencezaoʶġ


 006
̼ԣ̲סʧTerencezaoԭֲãֲô㣬ôһŵĸףĻôĸ׹Ȼܻѡ
Ӣæ̼֪֪䡣
̼ҡҡͷTerencezao綥ĿѧңMϯרң˳ݵżҸеʱҵһξۻϿҪǩȴܾˣͦŰģӢܣм񡭡
˵ֵҲû˵ˣ²֣пʲôƧĵطַǳҪĿѧоϢˡ
ӢܵҲֿҲ󣬱̼ܲ취ȷһ¡
̼Ĭһ󣬲ŵӢܣһϣܹףҶкøУûдҲΪMµġ
Ӣܵף̼С㣬罫ΪһͬЭǩҿǩҸ׵Ϣ֪ģҲǩЭ飬Mеǳ鷳Ƚǩָǹҵ档
̼־˼һŵӢܣ֪׵䣬⣬Terencezaoʧٵ²ô򵥣һǳܣҿ԰һ飬ܹ٣޷֤ˡ
Ӣ̼ܵС㣬Ѵ㾡ܵİæɡ
̼˵ͷӢܣ㲻һƽ֣ûңҲûж̫ܾ
ӢһЦ̼С㣬ܹΪܺõѣ˴ͬͶɡ
̼һ̫ãӦ뿪ˡ
˵žߵą̊́ԣʯ˲ϣӢܻصߣ˵֮뿪ˡ
Ӣ͵ԭ̼˻־뿪ˣɿ˹ŵͬݣʱѾҹӢϴ裬ҵĴȴ޷ߣٴŸ׵ϣò˯
˵ڶ磬̼͵ˣӢһ˻ңóЭͳ㿼ǵôˣ
ӢܴʱĵǱ̼׵ϢûУȴʲô֪ͷţѾǺõģ̼С㣬ȿͬЭ顣
̼ͽͬЭݸӢܴϸĿMҪLκεط»֮⣬MĹҷ˾³ͻL͹ĽָӵȣǳǮЭ飬˵ǿ֮漰ȨԵL͹䵱MȫĴ֣нˮҪԼеЭﻹ˵L͹ڹͻMṩȽʹãȴûԼM룬⹺ľ޿ҲֻL͹ͷˡЭ棬һL͹ģǾǱЭһǩMֹͣڶL֧֣һüṩмֵ鱨Ӣȫյڶһж
ӢܿЭ飬ȴڰЦMȷǷǳģһֻ׬⣬L˵ǱƵ쾡£Ψһľֹֻ֧ͣڶʵһƽȣɥȨЭ飬LδڹĶԵĸı䣬ⲻһͬ˹Э飬һЭ飬Mǿ׼ƣ֧һһͻ᳹׵õLȫȨǱԼʱǩЭ飬ԼǩҲѾ׼ã죬ҪLLƽңȱս尾LΪƽˡ
̼꣬ͳЭе㶼˰ɣôʲô⣿
ӢһЦ£ʲô𣬱̼С㣬˵òǩЭ飬ҶԣûʲôʧģЭ飬ǩǡ
һ˵ţһ߾ñǩ֣ȴMһѾǩõģͳ֡
̼Ӣǩʹ죬΢΢һۣû˵ʲôֻǽЭһݸԼȴùһݷЯĹİȻִȡһϣӢܵǰ
Ӣܵʲô
̼ǵľ»ѾоLľѾȫѹסڶľӣڶֻ˵͵¶Уú沿ʵȴǵ֧Ԯĺǳ޷գĿվڿʹõĻʮһսʮ˼ܺըȫԶԸֻڶﻹжʮսĿվ޷ϣǶԸսİ취
Ӣùϣֻһ׹ԭڶMսƣؼĲҪôM޸ˣҪô͸ɴûУڼ˵Ӽ棬һȱݣֻҪMṩݣͺױ׾ٵĽʱȻڶеʮսڶԪҲľĻʹڶＱԼսŸԼڶʱڻĻᣬڶһû뵽Mһ֣ЩݣֻҪһöе׷ϵͳһȷԣֵʮԪĵܹųƿаսǱ˳ڶʮ깷³˭ѾMĹء
ĬĬ̾ϢһӢܽǷպãȻű̼ΰMܹСĴ¡
̼ϷǳҪܹȫȡʤ𣿡
Ӣܲ˵˵ͷǵģȷǳҪллǵͳ
̼ʱֵͳ֪ʲôʱ׼ȥ
L̫µȴӢܵȻھߣ׵仹̸̸̼ɡ
̼ƺô˵ͷֵãͳһᰲŵģһҹͳͬͣʱϵ
˵⻰ʹҴ˳ȥ
ӢֻһСʱͽӵ˱̼ĵ绰¥˹ŵȻš
α̼Ӣܵһвһ䵥İȻ⽫ֵ󣬸Žװʯȡŵһߡ
ȵãӢѹ̼С㣬ôҸ׵Ϣ𣿡
̼˵ͷӢжʱһɣЩ˷ܵĵпʵ顣
̼ɫȴҡҡͷӢܣҪʧˣ㲻Ҫ̫ѹ
Ӣԣͷ͵һֻһͰѩˮͷϣˣһӾվǲҸѾѾ
ĻҲ޷˵ȥ
̼ǿȻʧ̬Ѿͬ飬һߵʯָָָһĶȻӢܣ𼱣û⡣


 007
Ӣһȣܹﵽ̩ɽǰ治ɫĵزȴԶ׷Ѱղ̫ˣʧأű̼Ļ㰵һٵĽȶȻ
̼ĿԼæģͨһλֵ壬㸸׵ĵˣʧٵԭ򣬲ǸУǡǡϳһ⣬Ҳ˵Щʧˡ
ӢˣȻڿɫȴ侲׷ʵô
̼ϸϣ˵ĸTerencezaoһսоʱڹѹټƽʱ˽˾ϵʧMרرСƣʼʱܹãɰ֮ԽԽʧأͷƢˤ˼һоĿѧңѣֻýһĵطõҽ豸ÿ¾רһںûʲôתֵĿп޷õͻƣĿǰҲѾֹͣˡ
Ӣҵĸױʲôط
̼Ĭ˺һƺڿܲ˵òײںһǳƯıڷֵÿ춼Կ󺣣ԴϵƷǳкô
˵⻰ֵӢܣ㲻ҪȥTerencezaoMԣһǳҪ̫ĹҾܣǲκ˿ģǵȵ¶ƽ˵ɣУ㲻ҪйTerencezaoκε£ЩѾΥˡ
Ӣڰ˼ţµ˵ͷã̼ҲˣεİæĺܸмǷһ顣
һ˵ţһ߾˾Ʊ
̼һһھͷӢܣȻǩҹͬЭ飬֪ôģһԤС
Ӣ΢΢һЦʲôԤУ
̼㲻ôʵһΪM鷳
ӢȻЦ̼С㣬̽𣬱MǵΨһĳûܹǣȻҲҡ
̼Ķ۾Ӣܣ֪ͺã˭ǵĹ棬к³ΪѣҲϣѻʯ
Ӣƺ˵£ת̼С㣬ҰLһȥͣLߵĹǻӭ㡣
̼ҲЦҿɲңֻ⽻һְͨԱܹΪͳʹ̸УֻΪҺʶټҼԭŸᣬʵ̫¡Ҫȥýһ񣬷̫ҡˣɲʲô¡
Ӣ̼ܵ뵽Lʹɣҿͦʵġ
̼ҡҡͷⲻУ֪ҺѣǩЭ飬ŻȥĹʹ漰ͬ棬һᵣҸ£룬Ҳͬġ
˵Ȼ뵽ʲôӢܣ£ˣ͵ûз
Ӣָ֪ԼǵһĻʲô£
̼Ȼ˵һŮӴ࣬ѩ׵ʱҲ΢΢㲻ǵþͺãӢܣҳ϶кøУҲֻһѰɡ
һ˵ţ
ӢЦЦҲȥһ𣬵ʥǰʧˡ
̼߲ꡱһЦӢܣȴһ˿źӢܣ׼Ů˶𡣡
Ӣܵ˵ͷȻһȫһһ塣
̼ʼ磬һ˼ı飬Ȼ;ٱҾΪͳɱˣһøԪĽģLĻ治֪ôƶ
Ӣ˱Ȼ󽫾һЦͲ㵣ˣһа취ġ
̼ʱ±Ӣܣ㻹ǵðȶ𣿡
ӢܵȻǵãҹ˾ǩԼԱ
̼۹ⲻȶֽѾǳߺ죬MĴʢ϶ΣҲĵ㣬ȶǸж£ֻǱԹ޷ϵϰ壬L䣬ῪʼǷȶǧӰԵ׹ǰսץˣMӰѾܴ鷳ŷŹ
Ӣ뵽ȶ˵ò밼͹𱬵ģҲһȣЦ´μȶҿҪúøл
̼ȻӢܣΪѣмҲò㣬ȶŮˣǲжٰģſɲ
Ӣ֪̼԰ȶһֱƫ΢΢һЦҲ˵
һߺȾƳԲˣһ߿ʼϵر죬̼εȷвٶصļ⣬ӢܶҲͣһŮӣ治֪ŮԶֶܹã˵ʵ̫ǿˣֻºѼ
һСʱ֮Ӣ̼磬̼㽫ͻԭ
˵ڶһ磬Ӣܾͽӵ֪ͨɻѾ׼ϣʱɣȻԸMôҪתԾɿ˹ŵͬ
ɻLȵнһûѾҹӢûи߱ˣȴ֪ͨѶ¶ڻš
Ӣܴ˵˻һ칫ңһɳϣһ仰ǣѶ¶ͣҪǵMȥһ񡣡
Ѷ¶Ͷ֪ŴMѯΣҪԼǰȥ֪ͬСɣѶ̵ͳ£ʲô񣿡
ӢܵҪȥһ뵽LֽTerencezaoϷǳĿѧңҲMϯרңƬϿɵء
Ѷ֪TerencezaoͳףΪĿģû⣬֪
Ӣܵ˵˼άϳһЩ⣬MĺߵһܲıӦεԶλ޷ȷ
Ѷͷû⣬ȥΣﲢοˣĵطռ˴룬ⴱٺԶҼȻTerencezaoMϯרңŽ䱸ıҲò˶Ҿܲ
ѶӢỳɣסܽҲˣǧܵ˺
¶ʱͳ£ˡֱԣMҪǾǰǵϯרңҲ޷Է
˶ԼĸԱ⸸ܵ˺Ӣܱ̾һѶ¶ͣʵǣTerencezaoҵĸףԸҵġ
⻰һѶ¶Ͷ¶˲ɫ֪Ӣܵضô򵥣ҼȻǴϰ׿˵ǵȻдҲҶʡ
¶͵һͳ£ͷİɣһᾡŬ㸸״L
ѶãҺͰ¶ͽߣȡһǸžۡ
ӢҲôģ͵˵ͷȥɣѾMǩͬЭ飬ڶĩվҪˣҲǻLѾȫͳһ
Ѷ¶ˣü֮жʱ˷Ҳûж˵ֻӢ񣬾ͳȥ׼ȥˡ
ȵѶ¶һߣӢ׼רֱɰ͵¶ǰߣ֪LһսҪʼڶĩҲҪˡ


 008
Сʱ֮ӢѾǰָӲϽ˹нԼ˻ңţϿʼоľµж
Ͻ֪ӢѾMǩͬЭ飬̵ͳ£㲻˵Mｨ»ΣǳôôǩͬЭ顣
ӢҡҡͷϽЭǽ˵ˣ˹нM˸һϣ˵ܹ׻ڶĶʮܣ㿴ûУ
һ˵ţһߴӹİȡ˱̼ԼǷϡ
˹нʼϸģԼ֮󣬾ͼ͵һӵãȫܹڶĿվ㳹ˡ
Ӣܵ˹нҪǶʮսǵʧж󣿡
˹нһ˷ܵĵûϣǵһټսҲ޷ԸʮսϣǾͶսչ׷٣ԶĿֻ꣬Ҫ估ʱʧǳСM湻ƻ湻
ӢܵM˲ƻҲΪ϶һ޶ĳģһսսþƣߣծһβM׬˾޿ΪծȨڹ˹нǵѣǻܺоģսͿ죬Ҫõʱ׼
˹нЩݲӣСʱ׼á
Ӣܵ˵ͷֶϽϽ½أǽ׼ûУ
Ͻһֱ׼ϴ¾㱸ȻͣʿǶЩ벻ͨ
ӢܵMǩͬЭ飬Ͼͻṫ̬֧ڶˣMڶԳľӴǿļֻҪϢǶУʮ֮˾ŽдʿͶϾҶLˣ򲻵ѣ໥ɱ֮ߡ
Ӣôһ˵Ͻ˹нͷǰӲ˫֮˵˴ģսϲĵڶеĽͻᱻһϣսҪǮؽʵ̫ˡ
ʱϽҲ˹нҪվҪȥݻٸۿڵľLĺͷǳıôһըȫˣǾĺá
˹нæͷӦǡ
սԣ˹нͻؿվȥˣڶ˶ʮսʣʮF-16սⳡսҪҲס
ϣڶ죬MϢʼǴڶңɱƽ񣬲ɱ߼һЩ֯ĳԱΪLսһԼһսһʤģMٸ棬ȷıʾڶκƵԮܾMѡ
ӢܸеЦǣMȻʼȰЩ˾ܵʧҲ޷õLĲɿȨϳңȻָLĿLģӢ˾ҲпԭҲ̫ϡȻֻ֪ܵͬЭһǱMŲɿȨLδMͬ⣬ǲܴӦκιҵĲɿҪġǴСԼʳ
ʱӢøַʽʼеؾɢϢϢڶҲ޷õϽȰ˵ȡ£賿ʱ֣ʦͶǴӾ̣һһΣͻӦ˵ڶ죬صİ˸ʦѾͶڶæʦһõܴľʦͣڸۿڵʮҴСڿվڻȥ
ڶľ뿪ۿںİСʱӢϽ˸˹нĿվָġ
ʱվָѾæµһƬ˹нǣϽ
ӢҲ£ֱӵ˹нսҪȫˣ㶼׼𣿡
˹н˵ͷ˵һɳԱߣָӸˣָһط˵ĿվؾۿһʮԶǵϣҷûкҳ쵼Ҳ޷뺣䣬ڶԳսΪǿվǰȥһὫеľΧҵļƻǣȳսеĿվúըԾоʾԵĺըͶУڶ˵ľըջľͻԹԷˡ
˹нĻϽͬãɴȻڶľ๼
ӢܴʱкȻһ޵Ůˣ÷Ӣ÷Ӣһ͸ڶߣĺըҲһ޷⣬Լȴ޷£ֹͣڶĺը뵽÷ӢԼҲȻĬһ˹нһͬǾȡͶҲڶӦ
˹нǣͳ£ףܹþȫǺķչǳһᾡܱƵͶġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ˹нʼжɡ
˹нһ̵ͨǰŻͲսжע⣬սжע⣬жʼһжǰȥյУõսǰأסκνӴһֵоӰ󳷣ڶжںϣͬʱһжӻطɣĵжһסβսF15ڶжסĿ꣬ʮ֮ӦýսȻԮһжӣȡʮڽսָӹ٣ûУ
һ䣬ϻʹĻӦ
һսжסϡ
ڶսжסϡ
սжסϡ
˹н̵ըжù׼ȴʱ
ϻ
һըжסϡ
ڶըжסϡ
´֮󣬸˹нִӢϽ״ʾǰ棬һͼʾϳ˶ʮ㣬ڿٵƶǵķ
Լ֮жʮ˸ȴǵڶսжѾˡ
ȵսжӳں޷״źѾԽԽˣȻ󽥽ʧֻܿͨѶϵˡ
ʱȴϻﴫһų棬һų棬ѾǵϿգѾɳɻأ״źϵٶжϣһս
˹нһųԭƻˣϡ
ϻﴫһųףϡ
Լ֮󣬾ϻų棬Ѿֵ˵ս󹥻ϡ˹нĿ̹꣬Ҫȫ䡣
ϻᶨųףϡ
˹н˿ֵһսжӣ̵ͷԮлսжӣӿٶȣһսжӻϡ
ϻ
һսжףϡ
սжףϡ
⼸֮ϻһʱͳҶ֪ҵĿսʼס˺ȴս


 009
ŵʮ֮󣬾ϻﴫųָӹ˷ܵڸߺų棬ų棬˵ĶʮսҷĵУȫڿдݻ٣һѣһѡϡ⻰һпվָĵԱӢܡϽ˹нҲһֻҪʮս٣ڶ޿Գ̵ĶˣLķԱǿãſսܿͻˡ
˹нҷʧж󣿡
ųָӹٵֻʧܣĶ𡣡
ٵʧ˸˹нԤƣҲ¶ϲɫܺãȥԮһսжӣϡ
ųشһͣͨ
Ȼʮ֮󣬾ʹ˵˵ĿվһϢҴķԱϢԸʻŷɻصȵͶ
Ӣ֮󣬸˹нͬ˵˿վͶսжӼӻѺͬʱĶըжӿʼǵĵнֻʱֱӺը徯ãѶϢ֪ͨЩָӹСʱ֮ͶҪ˭׽סڶͽõرĽ
ӢܡϽ˹нָĵɳϣʱLս˵ѾʣµľͶΨһĽ־Ǳըû˻ԸڶģʱѾҳһţһָӹѾڿʼͶˡ
ʱֻ˹нһ̾漣漣ͳ£û뵽̶̵ֻһʱ䣬ͳһLֱ޷񡣡
ӢܵһЦʵⲢûʲôֵֵģڶѾLǧٿףı룬ټر뾡ѹңյķӶĲƸݣԽԽңԽԽֱӰ쵽˾ӵʿʵڷ֮ǰҶڶLҲЩ߹ˣΪҪƷȴһʱ仹ûеڶһʱҲҪǳԵˡ˵Ҫλ׿Խľ²ܣûǣ漣Ҳᷢġ
Ͻҡҡͷһĵͳ£ڶڶ̶̵һʱȫ̱ʷıȻҲżȻҪ㷢Ȼ䣬ѾڶˣʵӱȻңô¸ңôõƣʧܵģڶջǻõĲƸͳҲᵱޣУȥչŪ쵼÷ڶ˺ڸϽҿԿ϶ɳɽѾǵķĹά˵ͳ£ƽҲµˡڶ뷲ɭϯֱ֮ϣʲô漣зĿܡ
ӢܹЦϽ㻹˵ûйάңҲµˣ滹Щܲ𣬿ɲñˡ
ϽһЦѣԶĵ˿ֵö࣬Һ쵱ѡ񣬶ˣͳ£һûпĿڲţ˵ҵС˽Lľ棬ֻ֪ȥѣ滹Ҳúܣһ亹ȴƫƫ޷
˵һִЦ
ڴʱȴһͨѶʿϲɫҴ˹ӢһȻͳ£˺˾нղŷϢҪͶ
ӢܶĽֲ⣬˵ͷû˵ڶôˣ
ʿٵУ˵ڶһվܣʹԼŮһǱͧѾ䲻
ڶѣӢܶʱźתһ룬ֻҪ÷Ӣ÷ӢİԹԼԼ˽ʮа˾Ż취֪ͨԼץڶֻǳ顣
Ͻʱͳ£һҪЩʲô
Ӣܴʱ˼ĵúһ죬ǵľӣңˣﻹڶĶʮӣսûȫ
˹нԱߵͳ£˵ڶûпܵңȥ
ӢҡҡͷֿԺСȡ˳׵ʤңLľӾ֮ڶңĵƲ죬ǶʹɵȥͶǱͧӵĿԵͦ󣬲ʱҪȥ˹нս޷ңϿգӽͿʼڶǼʮF15ǵĿվǿʵ
˵ֶϽϽңұȥһˣڶͶľҪźãʲôҲҪݴҴ
ϽæҡͷУУһԣΣҿС
ӢܵϽLпԷڵֵεֻһϵ£һż㣬ⷽǸǳ˲ţңҲ̫ãڶʱڣʲôŰ죬Ӧû⡣
ϽֻõǺðɣͳ£һ
Ӣܵ˵ͷʮ֮ڣһģ̫Ҫˡ
***********************************************************ڶ죬ӢȻнΪL͹ĺ˾еĺ𽢡һ⻹佢һ½ʮҾװʿңȥ
Ӣнǡš𽢣ҲõһҾˣһʲ֪ѾʮǰMģľ۵޸
Ӣ֪ڶԼӻ޶֮⣬ЩϱսѾ½SD磬ûд󺣣ԺȫûãеľѶ½վϣԺûʲôͶ룬һ֧٣ĺֻǿ֮Ϊӣ޷ֿκεԣڵS˵ֻLһ룬亣ȴи־ʮңǱͧʮңLĺսʸûУͻƺȨֻܹá
Ӻ뵽վ˹нһŲսҶʮǰͺţսȻǲ࣬ڹȣͼһʵǱޱȣҲõߡ
ڴʱӢѾ˼LĽãֻܿٵķչãܹðյõƣõ䣬Lĸҵʱһ̱״̬Ҫָֻ²һսס
ڽң֮ǰӢܸżһ绰ҪԼľѧҷ룬LΪLõ˳ıߣʵõķӣͽԾ޶𣬲Ƹ䵣Lƾĸ߹١
˰ʱ֣Ѿ쵽ңʥǿԵ½ĺ̲ӢнʦʦٽԼͳպհ³Уߵ˼װϣȴȥླྀʯȻ޴棬ͨĺ·ֹ


 010
нڶңｸʯܲ·̫խֻһ佢ͨ˱ܲ㣬ڶƵʵֻ̫ǱըЩʯһǧˣҹͣʮʱǰֻͣһֻͣҡ
ӢܵǹȥЩ佢أ滹мң
нңԱģҪ½ܹģͨѶ㣬ӻ֪ڶѾƷϢδػͶ֪½ֻǧʿأǿһУȿڻɢ̲ͷصʿȻõ½ǵʿȥռסأȻ½½ȫȥҺָӹͼн죬ȥ棬˵Ϊڶˡ
Ӣ֪нҲ˵ͷҲãǿƬ̲еľٻȥһˣЩͶĽȰ˵õڶѾʧܣñһʧ
˵Żнĵ£һ𽢻ʻ˺һҵ½ľڽʯĺȴš
ԼСʱ֮󣬾ǰ˼ҵںֻ֮ͨѶ㣬޷õµ棬Ƶ½ĵ˲뵽ԼһᾪŻҳһţ޷ֹЧķ
Ȼʮ֮󣬾һСͿͧ򡰾šǰϵĸͧ
ǿͧϵһξˡšӢ޶ڼװϣæ˹Ӣܾһͳ£½طĵȫǻɢҷ½ϵʿѾռ̲ͷء
Ӣܵ˵ͷнָĲӵ½
нһͷξ㴫ҵеĴֻжʿת
ξ־һȻҴȥˡ
֮󣬱дֻǹȥͣԱ佢ûã½Ҳġ
н״Ϳʼָľ½½Ľȥģһխĸۿڵ½ɷʱ䣬Ӱڶ磬еľӹʦȫϰ
ȥڵ½ĵ˱ɢ֮һܣҲһͶӢһϰнٽԼʦٽάӶٽһ޽òûбڵըٵָ˴Ͷĵְߵľٹʻ
ûһǾپͱѺˣʮͣȴһУϴһЩ֮ɫ
Ӣ˸У£ʲô֣ʲôְжˣ
ǾټǺ΢΢ҽиӱLӵʮʦŵĸųѾһˡ
ȻЩѾһ࣬Ȼ֪Ѿ˷츲صı仯Ӣ֪ܵLڵ𣿡
ǸӱУӢԱߵнһۣ˵ͷղѾ˵ˣڶѾƷͳ쵼L͹
˵ֵͳ£ʵҶڶҲǷǳģֻȣʵûа취Ųεľҵĸĸƶ˰
ӢܵڲЩӱǾµ֪٣
ӱУÿһʱ䶼˱佢عҴŶ֪һЩ
Ӣܵã˵˵֪
ӱУϺȻ¶Ȼ֮ɫҡҡͷܲãǾӵܲãңİΪħǸǳָӣʼʱ򣬻潻ֻ֣ǲͣƻŵ·޷˳ĲƸڲҲǳѣֻܿٴׯʳ棬ǵڣ˼ѸǿеǻҪȽҾȻԼıܹһЩ򵥵ǹ֦ڣʼǵǳĲأĶʮһ붼ûʣͼнѾڶܡ
˵뵽ԣæֵڶħԮԮһֱûеǶ֣û뵽ڷĴ£ͼнһ֪ȴûиǡ
Ӣܵͼнľ
ӱУԴңľӿʼ֮ǵľֻҪһɢȻ⵽Ϯͼнͽӷֳ֣ɰٽʥǣ֤·ᱻжϣԼʹľӼսȻȴڶԮһǰͲԱ͵ˣҲòκεϢɲһֻ¡ֻ׶༪ˡ
ңľӲʮѾһﱻ½½һ룬ʮʥǣҲ˵ͼнֻʣˣӣңϰսװнǧ֧֣ԽԽצԽԽľ˵ν뻢ڣһûϢĿܾͼнѾذΧ֮УڶﷸһǳĴ͹ңҲ͹ȻǿԺ绽꣬һеľǧգķ꣬ǿԸġ
ʱȻ뵽һ£ӱУʶ𣿡
ӱУ˵ͷΣȥңˣͦݣһͷӣڶｫңΪңʡʡµʡЭͼнĲƸ˳
˵ӱУ¶˿Цʧܵúܣ޷ʲôʡҲûаտģһŮɷɷ屾кܴĳޣǾŮȥϵеû뵽ȫܾŭ߳һ٣÷ɱ˲ٵɷû֧˺ȥһЩҲķǸʡһֱһ˾ǵþӵ˶ЦͼнҲüΡ
ӢҲһĸпɷȻԹޣԣȴҲֳӦеĹѪԣǰرݣӦһ¸أ𾴵ĳߣȴΪ̰ҰģҪʹԼңȨĶ壬ȴһ룬˳Ц߳ĶҲǻãð
ЩͷֻһĿǰҪľϣ׵Ľң飬ڶЩմңѪսǾĵġ
øӱУ£нʶٽ𣿡
н˵ͷʶ㲻Ϻ졣
ӢҲһͷãʥǰдһŸٽLĿǰ˵ԸͶգҪǸҸ翹̽ˡ
һԣһֱûл˵Ӣܴԣæվһͳ£Ըʦǰ沿ӡ
ʦıƱʦҪ࣬ӢָĿǰȽװ˵ԼеƲˣǰ棬ȻԷģµͬǰ棬β죬Ұٽʶ㣬ҺнһȥٽάӶٽʱӦ
нæͳ£㵽ǰȥʵ̫ΣˣҺٽȥɡ
Ӣ΢Цҡҡͷⳡ̶ٽڶĵϵĸͼнһûϢɵҲ뵽ʲô£ǾӴӺ϶нѾ˵һУٽɱǾֿġ
Ҳ֪ʲôΣգͳ£Ȱˡ


 011
һУеľѾȫȥӵڶǰˣӢܾнٽպհ³У򾯱ʦʿǰʱ⺣̲ʥǵĵ·Ѿ÷ǳƽ̹ûþ͵ϴ׷˻ǸɽȣӢܹƱȻе˵Ĺ£㴫ֹͣǰǰȥ̽·ȻźܿϢǰɽеȷеˡ
нٽѾдãӢһǰȥţһһЩɤŴʿɽﲻͣĺ˵ңĿǰȡⲿֵʿͶʧ
ϣСʱ֮ǰٽʹµһٵɽ⣬ҪӢͶ
Ӣܴʥǣһ·֮ϣͶʿûдͷɥһϲ֮ɫӢףЩʿͨѶ㣬ذճޣʱʱ⵽λϮĵطѾе˿־룬ԼͶζſ뿪ʱԶĵطصˡ
ٽָӲʯɽ֮ϵӢٴεǧʯףʯͷǣ뵽ԼʱֻһңƷ½ѾLͳԳƵһ֮ңLľڣ˵ҲԼĹϽΧLңദŻһԲĽġ
ʱؼľҪϵӢܽҵֽʣ԰ңĹдݰʾںӢ֣ܵʿȥڳи
֮ףھΪ̫ͬʱگңģԴɷһս֮ңѾ˲֪˲ʥһŵİ̽һ뷨֪ͨģֻҪϢǡ
ڰʾȥһСʱ֮ӢĴٽ㱨ң֮ͼպհ³Ҵ˽һͳ£һλİ㣬˵ԼɣĹȥѡ
ӢһдϲһӾվǰȥ
Աߣæͳ£ݲһˣҪ˭˴ǣαȥӡ
Ӣҡҡͷ΢Ц㲻֪ҺǰĽ飬ȻԳҵѣҵȻѵȥ
һ˵ţӢܾʹ˳ȥյ⣬ͼһʮ꣬޳׷ԲԵվڼֳԶǹɹǰԼͬɵˡȭɣֻһɷͨĻۣԵñһμʱ㲲ЩѮΪ񱼲ȷһλֵ𾴵ǰӢۡ
ɣӢ̼ӿ˽Ųеǰǰټˣɺá
˵⻰ѾǰɼһȵӢҲ¶ϲ֮ɫʱӵһ𣬵ү벻ǰ̫ˣ˽ľս³ӡ
ӢԣҲɣſֵǰʲôط
ƺҲ£Ӧ츮һİѵսӦ츮ȻʮӽӦ츮ΧסѾѷˡ
Ӣ֪ͼнڴŻˣ̩һװӶȻһʱ½½˴ȽٿװӣټԼ˱Ȼ豸뼼ӦªͨǹûģȷѾ߱˾սΧ
ʱȻ뵽һ£Ӧ츮ңľʮİգͼΧֻ»ṷǽҪ԰ǲ
΢΢һЦүģðǴΣ֮Ѿ֮ǰðȫ˳ȥӦ츮һճǡ
ӢܵðϵòһὫеʳ˿գȻˮԴ¶
ɵļƲߵѾϵ˶ΣÿһԸУҲҪ׼ʳӦ츮ˮԴ㣬ȫ侮ȡõˮټʱң꼾Զʱ䣬ǵʳˮǲģ԰£ͼǹԮȣͣ˳ڳͱģǿͻΧҲʥǣҾǸһصġ
ӢһЦڶѱͼ˾㵽ʥǣϢڶҲֻиżķݶ
ɵүǲѾڶ
ʱȴһͳѾڶﳹ׻ܣȫͳһLרǵģLɲ١
Ӣܲȥȴ˵պհ³ѾһԼԽԽӢܾȻҲڿʲôϣϡģ滹Щ
һִװ׳Ӣܻߣݵպհ³дͣүλ˭
ӢܵҲҵһλܺõѣڰҡ
պհ³Ӣ˵ԼܺõѣҲ¶Ժ֮ɫŵͳʲô
Щĵͳͳʲô
պհ³û뵽˹ªţͳһҵԪף൱Ļʵۡ
ԣһϲġһүĻʵˣǿϲɺذ
ӢܹЦͳʵۿǴģǰЩһͣڻڸͼսǻȥԮĺãϵǰӦ츮
Ҳ֪ӢЩִͼѴ֮æúãҪٶȣֻǰȥǰ·ȫƻˣЩɲɡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǰƥûУ
ɵУʥʮ·
Ӣܵж٣
ɵһƥȫɷȥǴõľ
Ӣһ̶պհ³պհ³ȥߺٽάӶٽʿڳ⼯ϡ
պհ³һ񣬾ȥˣӢ߽ĴޣҲټʦлʿȫȥϵȴ
޼񣬿һԵİٽʱȻŭһùҵˡ
һۣѾ˰ٽǰһֻ־ͽھס߸ߵ
ǰٽֻգͣҵţʧĵͳ£ͳ£
ӢԳң󣬼ٶ书н϶¶֮ɫæ˹ȥѾͶˡ
Űٽ˫ҪͶͶҲܷŹɱǧĶħ
Ӣ֪ԵʣҲ߹ȥǰô£
ҧҧȻٽһӣٽ׳׺ˤ˵ϣͣķлȻѾˡ
Ӣܵү㲻֪һʥ˶ٵĶ£Ļ˵ʮǰۿʿǹɱԸ⽻ɷգŮ˶µʿ̣лʮСŮѮˣƯȫТˡ
ɵĻӢȭͷڵʹİٽ˫Ŀ֮Ҳ˷ŭ޲ȥš
нȴ̾һͳ£Ҳ˵ңʿ̫įִŷֲʿǻһһ죬Ѿֻʣԣɱǿ˵һִʱ־Ϸ˵ף׻ڶ
ӢҲңи飬ײеΪҲ޷ܣ˺һſסԼң£ңǼȻѾͶҪúõд£ӦøЩôãһĻʵ
ʱҲֹסŭ𣬵ãĹŻϴá
Ӣܻ˽ٽȥ뵽һݶ̵ˣǰһʲôУ


 012
ɵŭѾƽϢӢ𷽰ǵ֣ʱҧá죬ؿţðŵޣޣǧУɱһһǧζ
Ӣ֪޷齨ԼνʡȻṷǽ˷ָЩʲô
ɵǵڶλصң֮󣬺ڶʲôƨʡҪԼȾ溶Ǹȥϵɷİ˴˵ɷLˣ˴Ѫͨ˴ǰҪںɷ˱Ҫ˴ɷٴξٱԼȥȥӦһңظǡ
˵ֵϴΰ˴Ź˻췴ʧ֮󣬻ַŹǣɷʩٴιʳ˴Ǹжˣ˵ʲôҲϵķŭ߳ǣ˵Ǻˣȴʵ˵ɷ˱ʵα޳֮ȥ˵ɷİհ߳ŭ˴ȫɱֱǵĸֽ棬˭֪û˿ϴӦǾֽЩȫɱ
ӢͶĸӱУҲ˵һЩ˿һ̾ɷȻ뺺ˣǵȷսǺúӣ˴ȻҲ̰ģһεйϧ⵽޵Ķ֡
ʱȻǼɷ˲ϰģȥټ̩ɽɵӣھ̩ɽɵĵȻ˵ɱۣȥǵļʼαװ̫ɹٻ޷ܣ׺װ֮ӵǵź󣬾ʹ̩ɽӵľУǣĿõڶʿĶУȻ˵ҪƷͥɱϣ׺һվ˳ʲôҲû˵ֻŷǿͷ
Ӣԣɫʱһ䣬ʧã׺һɱ
ɵ˵ͷүҲ֪׺Ը񣬷ǽС󣬶дֲԸʦ񣬾Ψ·óԼؿڴ˽ȥɥ
ӢҧҧأһҲӷǵֻҲ⵽Ķ֣ǲǣ
ɵ̩ɽɵӶԷѾʧȻԸӣǼǶҲ÷ˣʿΧһ𣬸ʮʱ俼ǣҪٲӣͳͳǹɨ
ӢҲ̲ס
ɵʱһ˳Ըŷ£÷Ǹһʱ䣬Ȱ˵ʦܡ
Ӣʦܡһһװ֮
һͷǣǿװ֮
Ӣܳһ̾װ֮Ϊ˴ȥ̩̽ɽʱȻЩţҳɷ壬һֱֵ÷ǳ¸ңһѾתˣ벻˹ؼʱ̻
ҡҡͷүҲ˿װ֮ǼѾȫˣʦǲϴӦ£ֻҪȫɱ⣬ԾͼװӦ˷ǣ֪ȥԸҲɣһʱ䣬Ȱ˵ʦܡ
ӢѾˣװ֮һһʱ佫ʦǶķ˳ȥǲǣ
ɵ˵ͷװ֮ɱľųʦǣ˷֣ʹʮ˶ϺȻǹռĵΣǹ֦ʹȴϤȫ˴Щ£Ҳӻ̩ɽɵӸ߻ϵġ
Ӣ΢΢뵽Լװ֮ʶһУɵһ̾װ֮úӣúӣϧҹȥƫ̫æûʹʹĺһƣ͵ķͷྴɡ
˵ɵ׺װ֮
ɵ˰ǵʬڳ˵̩ɽᡣ
Ӣһ뵽治֪˵Щ£жôıˡ
һ󣬾ͼһξҴҵĵӢܵǰһͳ£ʿѾڳ⼯ϣָʾ
Ӣܵжˣ
ξǧʮˡ
ӢһͷվһԵΣ
΢΢һЦȻɫߡ
ӢܵãҾʹǧȵӦ츮ȥԮľں沽ǰ
Ѿµİţ֪ͼн˱ΧһӢһ·֮ϲʲôΣգͳ£ղλǰĻҶˣﲻȱӣٵֻװһƥҪϣӦʿǶЩװȥҽÿʿ֦ԶǹŵһЩȻʽ
Ӣܵܺãȥţǰ֮󣬾
һ񣬾ʹ뿪ˡ
ʱӢתн𣿡
н˵ͷᣬҼι˺üƥ
ӢܵͼнϤͺһȥ
˵⻰ָɵٽάӶٽǵľӾ͸λǰУסԼסʿL͹ľǺLľӲͬģ˭ҪǵΥҾ̾͵ǹ
ԴӢܽL͹ʿҲ֪Ҫȡսʤͱõ֧֣ټӢܶԾ͵ҪһǳϸΥ͵鼫ٷٽάӶʦǾ񣬸ؾ͡
ӢܵĻʦ̾ʹһЩĺٽͳ·ģǵľӻİദúܺõģΥ͵鷢
ӢܶϳɳصĺٽҲǳΣͷٽ¾㸺άӶٽһзӺٽָӡ
ٽԣ־
úһ֮󣬵һƥ˳⣬ָ£һСʱ׼ãӢܡ
Ӣܾʹн˳⣬Ҳʮǰ·ɵĵӣҲɷһЩ塣
Ӣܵһ£ǧˣһƥͿʼӦ츮ķˣһ·֮ϣȻ·Ѿƻÿӿݣ̹˶޷ǰҲʱɼһЩ̹װ׳·ߣǰ·Աƻ·Уֻ÷ˡ
ɷǡɭǣеİձһֻţɵЩɷĽ£ܿͰʼɷİ·չЦջӭ
Ȼɷأ˺˾۾ӵĸǣ֪﹫ӢװִʿصңǰȥԮӦ츮ҲζһĶξҪˣȫǻϲصվ·ӭɷʮ࣬ˮͼˮһ·֮ﲻ
нǽֵͷܶʱߺҲʱһЩų۵ĹԱżеĽǰΰӢܣ֪ĵλߣ𾪵ͬʱҲǰпңķʢڶĶʮӣȻȽܹһʱ֮ջǻûܼ˺ֱһ˼硣
һĿãҲǽסľûƽƷԼһ䣬ȶ˵Ůӣиǰ̾ĵطҫ۵ĻƽŮˣȷǿ˵͵ġ


 013
֮磬Ӣܴ˵Ӧ츮ľڣۿŻаʮ͵ˣӢнͼǰȴһ˷ϵ
Ӣȥȴǰһˣʮ£ŻɫĽխۣŷͼĿ࣬òӢĿȣ͸һϵϣ
Ӣ壬ϽӭȥŻʮףһԾһҾ֣Ӣˡ
Ҳڿն£һסӢܵ˫磬һļܶѾȫˣãðɵ̫ƯˣôսʤڶƷLʵԶԶĳҵ񣬹벻Ů˴ͳܶΪ㽾
Ӣܼ沿࣬뵽һңҲŴδеѹһʱҲӿ֣ҵĻûնʧˣӦ츮ڵΣ
Ӣս£ָƽֵ·Եһʯ£ͼľӱΧסϰٴεĳ棬ˣʣ²ˣǰԮͼĩվͳ׵ˡ
Ӣ֣ܵδһˣLĺ˾ޣͼϵܺã׼ȥȰ˵ͼͶ
˭֪ˣȴ˺⣬ҡͷãܶ㲻ȥͼŸңҪͶûдӦ
ӢܵΪʲô
˿ϺȻ¶ޱȱ֮ɫ֪ܶͼ֧ӶңİնЩʲô𣿡
ӢĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵һЩ
ҧҧֻֻǶеǧ֮һ֮һͼľӶңİµ˷ָҺң˾ŹǣѾּͶֱһΪֹ
Ӣ֣ܵĸܣûУʿҲָӵ֮ҲLˡ
һЦҲΪƶŲεľǶޣʶɣ
ӢԣжʱһǺմСŮǶ£ӢܻѰһźõ£ճ֮ͽʱˣȻȻ⵽˲⣬æôˣ
նȥ֮ҾͷؼңһǮһԶıף֮һݺȥ
˵˴ƺѾЩ˵ȥ˺һŵҽӵϢ޵ݣݱͼ˹ƣ׽סһŵʿ̣ûһʿ
Ӣ뵽ͬõĸ飬Լڵķ̣бըһ㣬ӱһŻȼգ͵һƣһȺɱ
һڼзڵһڴС׸ߵİϣǰˡһ죬Ȼ۶ϣֱֱǰɳףбڵϡ
պհ³ڣ˭֪Լͳһ˹һʱ֮䶼ĿɿڴнǾ춼ϲˣʵ֪ͳ
ȻеķŭܶҲᵽҵ˰ɣûңֻ˵ˣۿ̫Ĳ״˵ҪôˡǣңͬˣңĽʿҲͬ⣬ңİҲͬ⡣
ӢͷԽ侲ףսԸıԵսЩʿȻʵȴУеȨֻܽܺһ޷ԡ
ʱҲע⵽ңҲơޡơҡˣðɣ֣ͼǣ㴦ãȰ˵ǰȥⳡս
˵ͷ˻֣˸Ǵ·Ӧ츮ĳȥӢں档
ζţӢ֣̫ܵأںδ
ʱȴЦ⣬ʶڸȫָӣЩսжֵòرʶѾǳˣȫԶһ棬ңҷǳġ
ԴӾɷսӢѾоʱ˵ͷ֣ң׼ô죬·
΢΢һЦѾʶԼλˣʱٸ̸ɡ
˵ŻǰУѾʼ಻ңʿӪʣȻǰ䡱ڻҳϣԵ÷ǳܼ
Ӣע۲ңʿǵ׼ļ㣬Ȼǳǹ󵶣Ӳǿм䣬ͿԼһЩֳָǹʿЩǹȻģԶִԶǹ£Ѿ˵ձԻʱõ˴ǡ
˴ӢҲңµķչĸǹȻ̫ܲãۼһҲͬСɣֲͼս
ȵӦ츮ǰߣӢܸ𾪣ʿƸǹһЩ湺룬ǳȽԶǹ֮⣬ʱԿȺȻڶУҲƵģƲǧţĳ棬㲻ԼԮҪԸˣҲʤȯˡ
Ӣ¶ľ֮ɫܶʵй˻ҵһݹͣңըҩǿ󣬶ңͲȱļָҴƸרңҪ̫ЩܻܹߣǰѾܹͨȻڣΪ˼ʧ͹˳ǽͼľˡ
˵ŻͼǰԶһȺLʿӳ˳ڴ˿̣һںХͻȥЩʿʱըòҽѪɣϰپʬ˻ȥ
ӢţףսңʿȷûжʧͼҪƴһͻΧͻ»Ҫ֪ʮңʿװǹ֦ǧŵĴڣͼͻΧֻ뻢ڣǰ
ǧǰÿʿϱ֦ԶǹȻȻڣԼٶöʽӢ֪Ѿ¶Ҫȫ߱ΧڳеLʿԼȻԱϾһֲͬͶɱȻӦȡңʿңʿѾȫѵֺּõԶǹİûʱõµȻʽҲȫɢȥ
Ӣܡнһһȥͼʮƽ׵Ĵڣ̫ʡ塢ɷຮƽԶ֮⣬硢ʵȴҲ棬վһأԼʮˡ
ӢܣʵһҴҵ˹ӵһ𣬵÷˵ˣҲһ֮˲˲𡣡
Ӣ鱾ãͬս֮꣬ҲǸˣЦ̫ӵ£˵ѾָȨˣ˲ء
ʵʲôȫǸڵȣֻǲһ°ˡ
ӢӸ鼫ãҲȫοЦˣʶĽҶĿãҲǫˣҿûкҿ佱㡣
ӢЦŷֵֿȴҲ֮࣬һⶼ¶˾Ľ֮ɫӢܵǶ֪ˡ


 014
ʱӢܱһ˹ȴǹȥڶʦʦ򣬳˹Ӷ̩ٽ
̩ٽȻŹȥƷеռѾȡˣӢܵǰľһͦͳ£L̩㱨
̩һĺɫ̰ƣƷȻҲϾҲңһִװľսǰ˺ҪãӢ֪ԼĺãػLְ΢΢һЦ̩ʱˡ
̩һͦصΪңЧͣΪͳЧ̩ͣҡ
ӢЦŵ˵ͷȴ̩ˣL͹Ǿõģս֮󣬴ҲˣLҲգҲգԹζһˡ
ӢҶ񣬲պհ³нˣߵ£һӷԼߣӢʵȴ߶վޡպհ³̩ҲӢ±һվˡ
ӢܼѾԼһ֮Դ״ʱȷȥͬҲǫѷ
ʱֻλҲ˵ҲףܹʱѾˣ糽ʱʱ֮ǰҲԸһ˻š
һ洫뽫ͬĺеϷģһ˻š
нͼноɣһңڽ磬˶͸Ŷͼ֧ӵĳޣټԱ֪ͼϵ̩ɫ촽˶Ͳ˵ˡ
־ɳǣ˵ͷ˻֣ʾǰ
˼תڽľսѾǳԣѾ˴ڸǱУ쵽ڱ٣ۼӪѾƵ˳ǽԶĵطԱǵĽȻڵѾ⣬ӵҲǳˣᳬˣǽڻ˱һڻҺը֮󣬶ȻʧأҳһţһʱȫԽսҪþԵĻѹסˣදԽɱУԻ϶һʱûУ
ڽߺˡ
ٲ˵㿪ʼĲ
ӢܼԸʱˮݣ˾Υ֣ڽʱҲǱϹϾɵðͷʵı仯ȷǷǳѾ߱ȣңˡ
ڽ֮󣬾Ӣܸ˴ǣͷ׼ȥˡ
ȵڽ߹⣬ɫѾڴӢܽӷ磬ȴֻ㡣
սȫжɣһ˺ü׾ƣӢʸǶס
һƣһ֮Ȼ˾ףӢ֪ܵܶң׼ôȥǲǣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣҶֵ֧ġ
ЦЦţܶȻңĿǰֻ·ʵʣһ·ǸɴõϹϿɡڶ·ǺϲĹȥҪôǻҪôLңڹϳϵLڣ޿ʵԭסɷ˱Lˣƽ˵ĵǷߣ뻪ôֻҪMв˳ǺпܻùʷսˣŰLͳһĽʽLȻռңʱʹֿM֣ңİȴҪֶˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǵģ·ʣ֪ѡ񣿡
Цҡͷܶ㻹ǽҰְһЩѡǺϲϳƺţǶһҪȥġ
ʱҲЦ÷ǻۣ֪²µõôġ
ӢĬĬ۲˵飬˼ţܿ΢΢һЦңȻܹõϹĳϣ˿ڣֻһСδڹϲʲôλѡL͹ϲôҵʵǿϵĵλҲңLǷǳġ̫ӵ£жϲҲá
ʶʱҡͷһ̾÷Ͳܲ´һô
Ӣԣ֪ѾңL͹ϲеϲ֣лл㡣
˰֣ɫܶ㲻лңңȻѡ˵òңõϹĳϣֻܳΪһصСңǸǿʳ磬ң̫ĲƸԴ˴ѣڶδҲиҵҰļһøָĽڶңսң붮ԱõķL͹һ𣬱˴׳ܳõðհҸ
ӢʵҲ֪ңϲL͹ѵѡֻңһʵ϶ƵĹңƶLͬȷϲ֮࣬ϵĵ֣ϲL͹ͳҪ㵣ΣЩ£Ӧʵ̫
һҡͷܶ㲻˵LͳֻΣұһͨѧԵɺϣŵңΪĻʵۣһյĵطԣӦļһЩһӦҪһ罻ͳҪϵͳȫ֪ʶһĸ׵Ŀѵ츳˵ʵȷǿҲʺһͳ
ӢҪ˵ʲôֵܶһҵԸʵ赭СҲûʲôԶ룬ԸǴ޶һУȥɵ磬ҲҶԻʺǵĳŵתۼʮȥںòˣɱסҪϢ
ӢӦ츮Ļʹ˵ԸȻǿȥ
ʼӢܵԼæ÷ҲȰң۴һ˵L͹ͳ㶼ҺʣԸ
ҲӢܵܶɷ£ҪڵҲһԸңϲL͹Ϊͳ£Ǻڴһ˵⣬ͳúõĵ
Ӣֹֻͣ˵£ȴ̾һ֣˵ʵ治֪ԼûҴãٵѹʵ̫ˡ
һǲMLľ»ص£ܶ˵M˿ʼ֧ˣǲǴӦʲô
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֣Ҫ˵¡
˵㽫MԼǰȥʢ٣ȻԼǩͬЭ飬ԼͬЭԭԭĸʡ
Ӣܽ꣬һĳðû˵һ󣬲ŵܶMսͼ˽𣿡


 015
ԼӢܵ˵ͷ֪LΪ壬ǯƻޣҲMȫսԵһ֡
ǵģԴս֮MΨһĳͿʼʵȫưԼƻϹΪԼϹͨԼţѾԽԽìͷֱָ϶ǿУչ˹ΪԱ˹˹̹˹˹̹ȱ˹̹ڻϺ֯Ϻ֯301893ƽռŷǴ½֮˿1455ڣռ˿ڵķ֮һһģĹ֯ҲΨһڿMıԼ֯
ӢܽŵԻ˹MĶرǻ겻ھ⽻ϵ̬ҲԽԽǿӲMڳսԽսϳ˴ڶǵ뻪̬תӲԻ̽ĿսM뱱ԼĿĳһٴͨŷͨںͶкսͨö˹սԿռ䱸ѹų֮⣬ԷǳַϮ˻פ˹ʹݣصַȨ͹ϵıֶΣͻսľģҲ̬̽ȣ˭֪ʵ䷴û˹һЩľԹܵߵһ𣬶Mֻ÷սɹǵȡһս֧㣬ڶҡϺ֯ԱӸ߽Ϻ֯
ͷܶȻҾͲ˵ˣMѾ»LֺǩͬЭ飬LͻܵMĲݣ뻪ͻL˳ΪMڻңܶΪһѺ
Ӣ֣ܵ˼»ؽɣ߾ǧö׼Lô˵Ƕǻˣǵĸڹ˽MҲǩͬЭ飬Mͻ֧ڶڶҲLʱѾ֪ʲô棬ңҲᱻֵʤʧȥ
һܹ̾Ĵһ壬һҪߺãҪźˡ
Ӣܻĵ˵ͷ֣֪M˲ôöԸģһ취£ֻڻ죬ʱ俴̬ķչ˵ɡ
ļ磬֪ܶͳú࣬ҲֻLɹѹأҾرʰɣLûȶ֮ǰһ㡣
ӢܲԸԳ̫ѹЦ֣ңʡʡ׼̫ӵˡ
ʴʱҲЦŵ㵱ʲõͳҲֻеʲõʡˣˣڶҲǷҵʡģͶˡ
ôһ˵ӢܶЦ˽֪LδȻ̹;ֻҪΪҲ޺ˡ
ù֮˱㿪ʼңϲL͹һЩϸƶ޶ȥһҹδߡ
֪ɫѾܹ֮ʱҪˣӢ߳˴ʣԶǰšޡպհ³̩һЩûвսĽԱߴֶս弸ֵȴûӰǲμսȥˡ
ת۱ʱһ£ս޶ڴ˿̣ĽǧڡȻͬʱȴܼĳͬһХȥıըһƬӦ츮ĶϴͼľӪ
ڻһֱӣӢܹöڵйڳڣȻڵ׼ȷԶߣЩڵ֮£Ӧ츮ڲ֪жپĽݻٳɷ棬ǺϧԱߵʿʼڱըǽԱʿǳȥ̲סӦ츮ǽѾ꣬Ļٻʵڿϧ
ңȻҪӹ죬ͱҪõ·ͨ˴ƵĽͨϵӦ츮ʡᣬӦȶӦ츮ĳǽȷһһǰǻѪĽᾧֻܵ󣬶ܳڵĺըҲʧȥӦеãνƲƣս֮бٻĽҶҪɸ¥ãһµӦ츮ǰ
ӢгţҲ˺˵ͷ֣һңøġ
˵Żһ죬ʱкüǽըʮ׿ĿӣʮƵңʿֳִź糱ˮĳ˽ȥжʱܼǹ켰ס翸ʽıը
Ӣ֪Ľ֮£ͼнʣµ˽һսܿͻңʿҲʲôʹȴ˼սǷȷǵͬͼͶеʧУԼҪɱеLʿңİձ𣬵ѭЩͳ徫ĽʽǻͬǵͶûеȻдЩˣȻӢۺúΪϾʵһЩѷĽʿʧǼͥʧȥ˵ĿѣΪС뾭ڸһ£ҪﵽԼĿ꣬ͲȥֶΡַʽȴҲ˵˭˭ԣֻǸԵͬˡ
ĬĬ˼ţʱܿĹȥеǹҲϡһСʱ֮󣬾ֻżһǹˣžʹӳڴʿʤĻ
ʱȴһżеĽһϲļҴҵǰһԾ£ڵصϣеĵѾȫʿвежûУ
ȻⳡսûκεʤϢҲһãͼأ
ǽͬȫУһЩʿʵѾʬιˡ
⻰վڲԶнȴǳ̾ҡͷֹ
һҲд˱һٱҲˡ
˵⻰ֵܶһǰɡ
˻֣ʾǣƥ
ȻӢܲû߹ȥһҾ֣̻LͲˡ
һ㶣ܿӢLҪͨѶ㣬ʵڲܾԽȥԽã˵ͷðɣܶȻȥҴ㷢մͨLңʡ֮ɽȻ߹£ʱֱͨ磬ҲͨѶˡ
Ӣ֪ڱУ֣֪ڶѾ˴ͨһֵһȥ󣬻רҺϵһ޽Ż°빦ġ
һͷܶ߰ɣһȥ֪ͨǰĳðǸ׼ˮЯġ
Ӣһ£æ֣׼ºٿL͹һᣬһҪμӡ
Цû⣬L͹ĵһᣬҪúܣҺʶ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ֣Ҫ϶飬Ƚǰɣˣĸ
ڸĴׯѾȥ֪ͨˣܶǾٻˡ
˵⻰ԸһӱǰȥĳðǸӢܵľ׼ˮȻٶ˵һ֣ʹʵ˾ųжȥ


 016
Ӣܵ뿪ȥǧʿϣպհ³ȥ׼ƥ
ԼСʱ֮ӢܾʹŶ뿪Ӧ츮ĳ⣬򱱶ȥԼĸСʱ֮󣬾ҪһĴׯȴʱվ˵·ԣﶼӣձˮҵЩձڵġ
Ӣ֪˰ţҲʿȫ£ȻֵлǰС
һ·У֮󣬾͵ִɷأȴɺٽάӶٽ첽еľӣЩ·һ·֮ϵǺóԺúȣȻҲûʲôΥ͵鷢
Ӣʿǲе࣬úٽάӶٽʿɷٷأԼУңʡȻԻָȥķ٣ѱЩʿĲƸŮ¶ȫصĺá
ߵǳʱLʿȴǵڶǰԮңʡӣӢȻء
صʥǵĵ½㣬ӢнָʮӷϾԼպհ³һٶĻУʱʵǹƼѶ¶ѾȥM£֪ǰôˣױûУ뵽ЩӢֻԼǵڡɳɽǳؼսۣҲûôŹ
˰ȫٺСʱ֮ӢֻܵѾźţͨѶĺ룬ֻһʹѶͳ£𣿡
ӢܾԼһ٣Ѷô
Ѷͳ£ҺͰ¶ѾĸѾȵеķɭۡֻǡ
Ӣæֻʲô
ֻƺѶһ̾ϢȻ㻹ǻ˵ɡ
ӢףضǸ׵״̬ôãӦһҶ˵绰˼һְһ绰ȴǸĸ׷ء
绰ܿͨˣЩϲܶڸҴ绰ˣѾӵϿ㳹սʤڶͳһLϢôҲϵϣ˵ңȥˣôҲ𣿡
Ӣܵˣ裬һҪ˵
صʲô£
ӢܵѾѰְִMˡ
绰һ˶ʱĬ˺һ󣬲صô
Ӣܵһھϣûлȥ裬㵽Lһ˰ɡ
صµȷӦ˵ˣϾ͹ˣܶҰϱòã㲻֪ʱΪĵ޷ϵ費˼ģҿŶܣﰲҲü氲οοˡ
Ӣ֪LǱ࣬ǹʲôΣգû⣬ɣźеĺӦûָˣһ˵ȥӡ
˵һ£ֵ裬أҲ
صȻȻ˻飬һֱסһҿóŲ㣬ιֻҪٺһƾԲġ
Ӣܵ裬ģһ뿪ҵġ
һܶȥƱȻ֪ͨն׼Lٸϵ
˵⻰͹Ҷˡ
˷ȫǰУСʱ֮󣬾͵˰͵¶еĸۿڣϽѶ¶ԼʮԱȫӭͳ飬L͹ĵһûٿǽ׶ȵźлûյȷľҪԱռ˴Ȼʱصȵеķɭۡ
ӢܵͳרһƵĲɻһС͵ĻңǶиִͨѶ豸ǳĺҲ̫ܵ𽵣ȴڶȥá
ר̲סѶ¶ͣô£˵
ѶȻ֪Ҫʣ̵ͳ£ҺͰ¶ͽӵ֮󣬵ڶ͵ģ˵صѰҹ㸸׵Ǵ֮Ǿͷһıߵıǳɣⴱܴ󣬶һٶʮڣҹ۲죬ЩڶӦǾ˳
¶ͽŵϣѶҾǱ˱ķȷͬһ㣬˷ǳƵļϵͳ⣬Ԥǽ¥Ƿ˺ܴĹ򣬶¥Ķ㣬׽סһʿ㸸ױһ䷿Ȼ˽ȥסһʿȻĸǿб˳ٶȳ˱ЩȻǣȻ¿ǹĸףֻں׷ϣѾ·ߣòײŰǣֻǮ˺ڵˣ˽ķʽ㸸˳M
Ӣܵ˵ͷҸ׵ǲЩ⡣
Ѷʱͳ£˵㸸ƺѾȫԱˣÿһʱ仹ЩЪ˹ֻ֮󣬻Щʧ
Ӣԣһûҽȥơ
ѶѾ˽Lľר뵽ȵУºѶ㸸׵Ĳа
Ӣ֪MҽƼҲκø׵Ĳٱ˵Lҽˣһ˵ȴһƬȻ
Ѷ¶鲻ѣҲ˵
һСʱ֮󣬷ɻڷɭۡһ޵СͻϽ䣬ӢѶ¶ʹȥס
һӢܵͳ¥ԶĶͼдŰµĻʿ߶ţѶ¶Ӣ˶¥ȴһվǿ׳ͳӢܣ
Ӣܴʱд˴Ľ֪׾棬ӿ˲˽ȥ
һݣһƬǼңһɫ˯£Ŷ̷ߴһߴдţһˤŶһЩƷƬɢһأʹıԱ߻һҽʿ
ӢƵˣԼĸף֮ƣΪʮΰĿѧ֮һMϯרTerencezaoĸ˵˼ǼôĻᡣ
ŻЪ˹еĸףӢܵıǿڲס⶯ŷᣬ۾ҲʪˣǸףԼСڻżĸף벻Ȼһ꣬ĺʹĺһʹʹĴһ
Ѷʱ˹ȥָӢܵTerencezao侲֪˭ӢܣӣҲL͹ͳ
TerencezaoƺûûӢܣֻڴڽţӢϸȥȴµɻֲķɻû˿Կû˿ԿóһóֻҲ
仰ڷ˵ţӢʱע⵽ѩ׵ǽѾﻮˣдȫһЩѧϵļ㹫ʽжʱʡ򵽣׵ʧ빤ѹйأѧϵｲѾ߻ħˡ
ӢĬĬվţ˿Ҳƽĸ׻ûе㸸׵һҲԼȻðĶϣҲĸ׵˼ܹһЩԼҲֻܼϣһˡ
ʱTerencezaoѾ޷һʿ򶨼ãͲ˯˹ȥ㽫̧ҡ
Ӣվڴߣ˯ĸףüԼ֮ˣеĽ֮鲢ûƽϢΣԼףԼѪҺһǳˣֵԼԺͽģһҪκܻĴۣ೤ʱ䡣


 017
ֱ֮ҹӢܲŻصԼʱͳ¥û뵽ϽһֱڵȴμL͹һйԱ£ҽλźйȥLĹþС
Ӣ֪ȵе¥Ѿսը٣ؽҪһʱ䣬źвûоսеĽ𣬹ҲԶȴȵе¥ߴ󣬺ɣĵַ
ʱϽϽһ
ϽǲʽL׶ʲôط
Ӣܵ˵ͷĿǰ͹ľԱȻ඼ǱˣźȵбźȻжζҲҵǽ׶źкãȵҲӿ콨裬Դľá
ϽͬĿźڶﾭӪ˶ĳУͶʽҲ࣬ҴսԵĽǶźеĵλøģͨ
ӢܵڴԱ벻ж˷ԵġϽԱӦѡ٣ĿǰѾˣβλԱ㰲ţҶЩҪԱ˽Ⲣû졣
ϽͷãһḺġ
Ӣܵ⻹һ£ڽңʡ֮ǰҵľѧҵLLľýıߵ½еôˣ
ϽѾˣҲõ˷ǳĻӦ죬ѾһٶľѧһغʾȤһʮL
˵ͳ£ղ˵ңʡǲǸĻ˴ӦǺϲˣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǵģ˸㣬ҵǱһˣ֮Ҳμģ׼ɹңʡһ赲ĸɽͨҪٹ·
Ͻˣ˷ܵһƵ̫ˣ˵ңʡȫǽɽLһԽĴ⡣
Ӣ΢΢һЦңʡȫǽɽҲֻĴԣȷкܷḻĻƽԴԴҲûھӶᣬLĽ赱ȻLӴ˻ķ֮һĹһ˿ڣʡݶϡ٣ңʡ˿ȴʮܼҵһ£᲻ü磬ϵһҪ
ϽʱɫԽԽ˷ͳ£һԤУһǿҵԤУҲҪʮ꣬LһڴһᳬڵSD콵Lľǡ
Ӣҡҡͷھñ¶ޣֱͦϽ˵ˣҲǾǾǣLľǾԼÿһҸǣϽҲ㣬ҳ룬û㣬ܾܲʹڶսһͳϱֻ㣬ģҲ˾ְ븱ͳҲûʲôˡ
ϽҲͳ£ĻѾˣΪֻܴźӵȥ»ҵҲеҲ㲻⣬ҸоԼ࣬ʹľʱ̵ȴߡ
Ӣû˵ֻǶ΢΢һЦȻ˵ͷϽȴȻһһ̣˵жûԼеֻLһӭȽȽL͹
***********************************************************֮ӢܱϽѶ¶Լ˿ĸ׳רźȥ֮ǰð¶ͽԼͬǰȥ櫣ӢѾ޷ҽüҶٻˣίܸŮĹԱ֪櫵ȫʤεģֻǲ֪ԸԸԼͬС
Ȼûжã櫾˰¶͵ĳ˷ɭۡͣӢܣ˵ĮҲȥ׽㣬֮佨һεǽӢܣ˿Ҳ²Щʲôˡ
һСʱ֮󣬾͵źУźеĹԱһЩ߼ıϱԭ״źегȴǴϽµȥģҮȥȵеһмԱϽʶ֪˾ֱӢƼΪLһег
ɻͣڶͳӢܴ˷ɻͼѾΧһȺˣڻֻšͳꡣ
治ϰĻӭʽҲֻ΢ЦŻҵͷ⣬ȻͷźгҮĽһһ֣֪˾Ա֮⣬лźһЩŵ估ѧУĴ
ÿһԼ¶žѧǶһޱȳݵ飬Ӣȴ̾һ֪ԼȥˣѾһͳһðճΣϣһ֮ףһһͽעţʵвԸͻµҲ޿κΣΪǸ룬ֻиıԼһһȥˡ
ȵȺɢȥҮӢܵ˲ιͳĸ˻һźõĶȥˡ
ӢҲ˵Լһͳٽţߵͳ칫¥ǿ߶򳡣Ӣܵǰʱֳһѩ׷顢Ů÷Ӣʱ˿̣ܲ뵽÷ӢŮˣȸڶߣ治֪ںδΪʲôûиԼѶϢ
ڶͳ칫¥֮پӢܵ˵˺棬ʱһƬռٶʮĶ̲ƺϣһ簢סԲιǹȫǽӨ⻬İʯɣڴֻצŻƽʨӣ⡣
˹֮ڣȴҫ۵Ľ⣬ڶԻƽرİãҲֲΪңĻƽ´Եָ
˻ƽ֮⣬ڶĹ֮ڻ఺װΣӢпһյӨ͸ǾµĴƣʱԼͳά˵ڶձһյˮƻԪָľյˡƽ׵Ĵл޴ͻӢ䲻רңҲѧƤë֪ȻҵֽţֵˮֻҪöࡣ
ӢӦ츮ңȫǻƽ𽨳ɵĻʹģȻö࣬ڶȻݳ޺вûжĸоӢһϽѶ¶͡櫴ûмҫ۸ĵط϶¶𾪲֮ɫ¶͸ǲʱ̾櫣ȻʼʱЩܿͻָĮƺȤ
ʱֻҮͳ£סѾ˴ɨɾˣڶĶҲеġ
ڴ˿̣ȴϽͳ£סƺЩס
ӢܵŶʲô֮
Ͻڱʱ˵ڶﵥͻԪLİշǳĲ𣬴ҶڶȫͬģҲסֻ°Ǳۡ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҮгòŵġǮĶȡպԻǮ
ҮæӦš
ӢֶϽڶǷͬպſԿҼȻҪסͳ⹬ڶﻨޣʵһֲǵΪҾסкηرܣ̫ˣҲԸͳ
ϽˣҲǣЦҡͷͳ£ΪLѾʮԪ˽˲Ʋڶȣ¸ͳѰסҪ໨һǮҿǵǷȱ
ӢܹһЦ˷ң˵ǰȻԼǮƷڶͳһ취̻ٲ˵ģοһЩᱻ˹ǵ̫࣬ǻҲûʲô˼ˡ
Ͻͳ£һ˽˵⣬֪ԸԸش𣿡
ӢѾµˣЦǲмˣԲԣ


 018
Ͻ˵ͷʱҲһЩйͳȥһЩýһرࡣ
ӢܵӣδޣǺҵĸҲǳãǾͻᵽźˡ
Ͻ̲סҡͷͳ£˵ʵȻ࣬һˣһǲҹάֻ»Ӱ
ӢЦҴûҪһʮȫʮͳҵ⼸λӺҶľҲŵҪԶһ𣬶ŵǾʧԵġ
Ͻüǰҵķɣһһ޵İͳͳȴ
ʱȴ¶͵ҲûʲôңǴӦǺϲΪǵһʡ˵ǿһ޵ģͳ˺ܳʱ䣬ȻҲƶȣϽǶˡ
ʱѶҲĵͳܱܲڶִʱԼúãǲġ
Ͻھô֮󣬶λͳֻ̫ϣܹΪһȱΰˣһúӢۣţȻд⣬δ覴ãɵðһ̾
Ӣһֱע櫵ķӦԼ˵뼸λӶľԶᱳʱӣ΢ҧ¶˺Ȼı飬֪Ҫ뼸ŮͬһɷǳѣҲǰ̾ԼԵˡ
ιڶĹ֮ӢҲǳ⣬Сʮ䣬Լһס㹻ˣǸۻҲԼԽԽ
ʱһƸʧȥƵ˼ά֪ܲκãҾκˣĸҲδػһϵ£³ɵġ
ȵڶĹһ飬Ͻ˾뿪ˡ
Ӣվڴֹͻȴһʮ˾£Ů˴ʮɫƷŮӶ˹ŮˣӢȴʶ÷ӢܺãҲԼ
жʱһȻԭѰԼڶȺ쳵ϣѾ˲ˣ쳵ϵȷɵǰߣ뱱ľӽսһսڵӪľӰΧȫߣ쳵ȻҲ޷ѣ治֪Ϣܲܳܡ
ʱ˹ľһͳĹܼʲô£㾡ܷԸҡ
ӢܻŮӶȫ߿Ȼôˣ
һЦڶﱻƵôžӵ͵¶ȥߵʱͳŮˣֻ÷ӢͳЩˣߵߣɢɢûеطȥֻ棬ǰҮг˵ҪҸŮܼңҾëԼˣô𣿡
ӢܵôᣬǳϤңҿ֮á
ЦЦȻͳأ㻹ûУ
Ӣ֪Ҫ£иõϢ
һɫʱò԰мˣǡǡ
Ӣ֪Ҳ׼û˵ֻĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ͷºȻһ飬ѾȫվסҪˤڵϣӢæԱߵɳ¡
ɳϣǾһᣬ˷ϣһ߿ţһ૵ĵ쳵ϣ쳵ϣҺ㣬Һ㡭
ӢĬĬĿŮеʹ࣬ȫܹᣬڶȷǸһ£ɢ
˺һ֮󣬺Ȼ̧ͷú׵۾Ӣܵͳһһ¡
ӢǲһҪɱڶ쳵ϱ𡣡
ͷҧڶﺦҵ쳵ϣҲҵһҲ֪жٵŮ˱ˣһϺˡ
ӢҲһͷڶﱳĲŮ˵ʣǷµѪծѾ޷㣬ӵҶŹģᡣ
ᣬ÷ӢһôϢ֪ͨǣ
Ӣܵڶ֪һ᲻׷һǳߣ÷Ӣûʲôᣬֻйһʱ˵ˡ
ֵ˵ͷͳ÷Ӣһҵġ
Ӣһ˵绰˽Ƶ⹬
һһȺҽʿʹ˼˹ӢܵĸЩѣҲǲ죬Ҷʣæǽһ徲Ĵ
ڶ磬ĸǵİҪˣӢܲû֪ͨʲôˣֻѶ¶͡櫹ӻͳרһƵļӳͺɫ˹˹㹻еˡ
˻֮󣬻ܾû뵽ͳʱææĲű䣬ʱͨرͨпڵĺԱվͨӭӣڻ˼ͳ¶棬Ҳ׷Χڸۿͣķ˻֮ӢܴѶرͨϣǶԼ飬ȴǸп˵ʵΪֹ˾֯LԼĿ˾ʼָڵòû𲽣ҲûеõʵݣԽϣӵ֧֣Խеϵӵĳأһǰδеѹ
һȺ֣һ߽ͣƺȴʮǿ׳ĻԱæҵ̺Ǹõ쵼ãӢܱ͵£ԻҲ˵ʲôתһȴͣƺĻϣԼһž޷ƬƬϵһɫӢ䣬ɷƺԼڻڶ뷲ɭۡʱһλLļյģȴ֪ŴLĻеЩ׵ǣ滹ӡšΰӢͳꡱӢL֡
Ӣܼ״̽˻ָž޴Ƭ˭ȥġ
ǻͳһ࣬вͣĴСģͷĵгǰЩרŸҴĵ绰ҪĿһҰ²ƬƬСЩϽ˻һģġ
ӢԣֺֺЦҮϽƼ˵ܸɣƷҲҲźег벻ƨһ
˵⻰ֶǻҪϰƬϣûУ
ǾҶ˵æͷӦǣҪ뿪ȴһԵѶȱæȥģʲôͳġ
ǾӢһۣ˵־һһߣһʱӷԸӡ
ӢܵѶǷƬҿźܲΪʲôҲ
Ѷͳ£ҿҮҲȫƨҲе
ӢܵŶʲô
ѶڲƷڶL͹βĵҪһԼݵľ䣬㣬ҲLLķչͳ£ҲȥһЩĹңǶǳעأʱ񻰣Ը񣬵ˣѾһ֮ףЩ¼ʹϲҲֻš
Ӣ˼Ļ̾һ΢΢˵ͷ㲻˵ˡ
˭֪һֱ¶ͲŶվȴúȻͳµƬĴźܲô࣬ôͳɻҲڶŮǼˣҪ˼ĺ룬صЧңˣ㲻кüҲһһҲͳˡ
˭ó櫵͸ŨŨĴ⣬Ѷü櫣עݣӢѾͳ͹ȥһˡ
¶Ҳ櫵½ǣҪ˵
櫲ûֹͣȻǣӢͳˣL̫ϣûϽ˵Ļһŵͳôķ
˵ֵߣΪ˷ɻɶǿڴϰϡ
ӢܡѶ¶˶ദã֪һҰԣҺ޸ҰĹԸֱҲûиı䣬¶˵ˣˣɻ


 019
һȴһȺ˴Ҵ˹ͷгҮŵЩŮˡ
ӢܼҮԼĸǰгЩʲô
ҮȴŲæһͳ£֪ĸˣǲ뾪̫ˣźегĸ˶źĿˣҿɲʧ񣬽ӻ˶źйԱļҾԼһЩŮŵĴӰתġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦҮϽ˵ǳȻ
ҮһȻ̧ͷϵͳ£֪Ҳǹȥˣ֪ɭҪڶͶʱL׵ˣǸУȴֺް취û뵽˷˱䣬һڷǳƵսʤڶLѵϣ
˵ֵͳ£Ҳ㲻ţ䶯ʱݽѾ֪˶ٱ飬ֵ𾴵ˣΪЩ£ҵҡ
ӢĻҲжҮƨǷڸ֮ԣڴ˾Ѿˣ΢ЦŵгȻ㶼˽ˣܸܲǻȥɣ´Ҫʲô֪ͨһ
ҮæӦˡ
ԼСʱ֮󣬴ӻLĺ͵ˣɫĲɻڵϣȻϵķԱкź̺ķҺ׼ȷͣ˺̺ıϡ
ϵŴ򿪣˿һȫǻˣLսȥصһЩҲʼˡ
Щ˿Ȼû뵽Χôˣ׷¶˲飬˻æƹǺ̺վһ߹ѯʡ
ۿŻϵһ룬ͼһƤ¶ӣȻּҶٻաѩãȴ档
ӢܣֻǺЦ˻֣ҶٻȴŴӢܣӢܡ
ҲýԴ磬Դ硣
ٺĶѩȴҪЩֻǲͣ֡
ʱһ֮ȴ֪ʲôʱһӴźɫƷʦҲҮİš
ûãŮ뷿ؾˣյһӢܵĻУıסȻҮЩŮ˵Ӣ䣬ŵͳкüӣ˭ʶʶȿ⼸λӵòǰȲʣһЩƯͳǰչ¶չ¶˵ŮˣʱҲɵԲλ࣬ͷ
Ӣܱӣų滹ƽÿŮ˶Լ΢΢ҧӣƺҪᡣ
֪ԴӷֱһԼٴ绰ȥرǷı֮ϵĴָټϹýԼƷǳãǻЦ򱯹۵ıеĺԼʵᣬ˷ʤط꣬кγγÿһıڻοʱ˿̣ΧվųɰǧˣԼΪһԪף̫£ѩ
Ҳǹ֮᲻ʶ壬ֻΪӢ˼̫Уټĵش棬û뵽ŻһʱʧأʱоɷڰʾԼʱʡ򣬲˼ĳЦЦϽ뿪ӢܵĻ
Ӣܴ˿ȴߵ˷صǰֻǧȴ֪Ӻζ˵ֻһ衣
Ȼ侲죬ӢĶӣҲżĹâֻڼĿԼĵͷܶܺãܺãûʧԶԶĳҵԤƣĶӣķǳǳԺ
ӢȻѾʮ٣ŲٱԽԽд֮ɫĸףȻǿҵĽ֮飬̲סǰĸӵһ𣬵ֻһؾͽƿ
Ӣ֪ĸԼڹǰͳϣҲС
ʱȴѶŰ¶˹һ򷿺ؾһеϰ塣
ض˵˵ͷЦѶЩˣ¶͡櫣ǶǳҺ⡣
¶櫶ǵһμλ˵Ĵϰ壬϶Գ˾η֮ɫ
رһۣðɣ˶࣬ʱǵ졣
¶櫶ӦǣȻǶ֪ѪȨѾӢܣλϰ壬֪ôģȻеЩŰ塣
ʱҮѾӭӢܱԼļˣҮҲصЩŮˣ˺þõֲŽ˿Ӣܵͳרĸ׼Ůϳ
ȵרΧڳСͻȵ˾ĸ£Ҷٻһֶۣʹˣˡ
һü˦֣һֵӢܣ㻹治Ǹǵģ¥ôһգǲǵ찲ţҪҪҳһΣ죬̫質ΰӢܣĴǡ
Ҷٻôһ£ҶЦһֱĬѩЦҲûӢܱL˵Ĵǡ
ʱҲǰԴ磬ݽ˵ãǲ֪˶ٱ飬ÿһ鶼ҪһΣ޲öÿ˵ǾǵϹ
ҶٻȻ˾⻰ֻն˵ǿɻǱԱͳˣҲֻն
պҶٻЩƽʱҲЦʱʱЦ˳ҺõĴˣԴ磬ԽƫҪô죿
ҶٻʱͨգȭͷȥˣЦɽۻӢܵңߣģҲӦ裬˵ǲǣ
һ˵ţ˷صԱߣסĸ첲ر㸧ͷȻǶǹԺӣܶҪ˭С
˵⻰ȴһֱĬȻһۡ
ӢܿҶٻ򷿺Ǿ䡰衱ǺִвɵðЦҶٻʵ̫ˣǸŮˣƤԼŮҪһƽʱֺĸ׵ģֻҲٺԼݣĸȻ´ˣҶٻһ⣬һҲģϾСʧȥ˸ĸҲԳİ
ƵӢЦԼҶٻ֪ҲЩ˼СɼͦıӣһߡĶȻһָѩõҿɲΪԼýƽЩӢܼţ̫ˣҪӢܲȢûġ
ѩڸգƽҲôЦ˼棬һڣҲٻãɱҵƣ֪㼱ŽԼ޳ȥҿɶ֪ʵҲûйϵӢһᱻһƬж˵㵱ͳˡ
ôһ˵棬ҶЦӢֵܸúãҶٻҿѩҪ˵ݣδ˵ù
ҶٻʱȴֱӣҲЦǰǰҵȻ˵ý㣬ǹѧĸ߲ҴѧζҲûŵֻܾµıȲͱȲҿɲö
ЦţרѾʼȴ·Զվ˰գڶӢܵר⣬ҶٻͷԹԣöˣӢܣ˲ҿǶͦӵģ벻һһͳ׬ˣܷܸöٱʾʾɡ
ӢһۣܷǸ𣬲ҹȥʲôģֻɱˡ
Ҷٻ̿ŵĴ
ӢܴʱȻеɣǰһ򲻵Ҳһʱʱ˸ţʱʱ˾Ϲ䣬в֣Ǽҵĸоðǣڶ⡣
ЦȴԼӢܣL֪˻÷ǳܳɹżȻҲǱȻݽȷܸжˣϣܹ˵Ҫʧ
Ӣܼǳ棬סЦݣ˵ͷȴףԼЩŮУֻθеģҲֻԼı޲࣬աҶٻǣֻΨԼհġ
ӽͳŮ֪⽫Լļˣȫڳ߿ţһĽʱˡ֮


 020
רͣͳĲƺϣӢܴĸŮ˽ȥɵңµĳ裬棬ŮرҶٻǸЦͣĻļң˭ϲҲ¶ϲɫ
ʱʮŮӶǰǼ񣬵ͳķһò绨ոǹɫ㣬ףȴһ˿Ȼ
Ӣһֱһ£ȥԵķ䣬ȴĸ׵裬һ¡
Ȼ֪ʲô£΢΢˵ͷ͸Ӣܵ
һ˾͵˼ڵķ䣬ȴ˼ûʧأһֻˮʱǽϾ۾д˿֣ʿһҽվԱ߿
ӢܽʿҽϽϹӢܻ˻֣ȴǶȥ
ȵ˶ȥˣһ˫۾űԼǽͿˣɫֳ˷ǳӵ飬˺һ󣬲һ˼㻹ϵ𣿡
ŷص˼عͷĬĬĿŷأȴûб飬˺һ󣬲»ͷǽдʽ
Ӣ裬˵ϳûУ
سĬһ󣬶Ӣܵܶȥ˼̸̸
Ӣæ裬ֻ²Уְֵ˼άЩ⣬ʧأһڣ˺ġ
΢΢һЦܶģ˼ĲҲֻܹκãȳȥɣʲô£һġ
Ӣܼĸ׵̬ȷǳֻõ˵ͷ˳ȥȴŹˣվſڵţʲôҪȥ
ĵ˰СʱﲢûдصĺӢܻǲģţȴٵȵȡ
˿˿Լķ䶼ˣҵӢܣһӾΧ˹
ӢܺЦ䶼ˣǾ⣿
ŮӶͷķÿһ䶼ôĿƯAʡı֮
ֻüӢܣǺã᲻̫ݳˣʹ˵ڶȥסĵطڰеĿڱɷǳãס᲻Ӱ죿
Ӣ΢Ц棬ǵ̫࣬Ǻ£ҪǵٿLһᣬҵľøȥǴȥʵݣڶʾ޴ĹܱܲɲݰɣοѾ˽̫ݳ밺ƷȥˣǾͷס֪ԼôģҪǰǾҲ䵱ǵͳҾԶְǻػȥ
ôһ˵Ҳ˵ͷ˵ʲôˡ
ʱȴĵԴ磬վʲôأ
ӢܻûüԼĸѾҵҰӵ˻֣ŮӶȥ㽫йظ׵һмҪ˵һ顣
Ӣ˵꣬Ů϶¶˾֮ɫֶȻɷ׵˼ﶼǳȴò׼棬ôһ֣ǲ壬޷ɷϣ¶ӢܰοҲ⡣
ŮӢһֱվţֹȥһСʱŷһ죬ȴǷؿŶ
ӺϱվһţҲһ㶣ӳѯʸǷϳزûϻشֻϱǶȵȥ
ŮǴˣ֪лҪɷ˵ʹҴҵǰĴȥˡ
ȵŮһߣؾͣס˽ŲӢܵܶҺܻ˼ûʲô⣬װ衣
Ӣˣʱһʧװ裿ôܣΪʲô
ҡҡͷҲ֪Ϊʲôղ̸˵йһУһֱڹ۲ķӦȻûʲô飬һֱ˼ҲڳԾҵҿԿ϶ϵҵġ
Ӣֻ٣裬ĿԿ϶
صһЦܶһŮˣһ۲ǳǿŮˣֱǲдģ˼ȥǳңôװһ޷Ρ
ĸ׵жϣӢܲɣһжģΪMϯרҵĸΪʲôװ輸꣬ʵһѽԣ裬ô죿
˼һ˼ȻôĶӣҪDNAҪһ϶Ĵ𰸣ʱҵҪʲôӦ
Ӣܵ˵ͷãͰֻµʱֲԸ⿴
һҡͷúܿ϶ᣬҺ˼һʱҲָ̫̣˵ʶȻ뿪ԭҪûз裬һҲ֪
˵Ż͵˴ŮΧɳŮΪ׵ѹǱܿ²ᣬԽЩȤ£Ӣǵ飬мҲһ֮״֮УʱЦܰ
ҹĻ٣ùͣؽ̫ۣȥԼϢӢܾʹŮĻ԰죬ŮҪLһоӢֻܾýνӣα䶯䣬Լսֱ仯˵һ飬Ȼֻ˵һţŮͨý֪һЩLþĶǣʧɫ֪ɷ򵽽ĵزʵڲףҲΪһܹڶӵתΪʤӢɷеԺ
һֱҹҲŴӺ԰ȥ
Ů֪ӢܽڼįӢѾ飬Ҷٻѩʽ֣ǰرˣӢֻܵ붡
ڽǶˣæԴ磬ն㣬ҲˣطϢ
Ȼǳǳɷһ𣬵ҶãԼҲ˼תסãߣǽԴ磬ҡҶЩۡ
ն㣬Դ磬ˡ
ӢܵѾãǰʱдȻһߣɣѹ붡һһɣҸз֮ݣκһ뿪ЦһնҲһ̫ۣһʹˣһòã
붡Ȼ֪һ족˼ѩ׵϶һƬͨ죬յһҡͷ㡣
Ҳæն㣬Դɡ
ӢܶʱװŲ֮ɫðȥǲǶҡ
ԣոϽԴ磬ôᣬҡô㡣
Ǵ棬ֵԴ磬ǧҪᣬΡζ
һĻû³ֻôᣬġ
붡żӣӢͣЦץס˵֣ʲôҲ˵ȴԼҶȥŮץסܹߺţĶţĸŶȥ
ԼĴңӢܹţɿ֣λŮһѣܲ
Ůйѵ֪ԼλӢɷŲһ棬һ±ǿң޷ˣ˴һۣǽߣΣĴһµߣɫǣɫǡ
ӢܾسݣֻҧҧӣͷӶ
Ӣ붡ϸصһڣɫǾɫǣ˶Լɫһûʲôԡ
ֺһԴ磬֪ҡҾ͡
ӢܴЦͲ޸ˣǲǣ
ձӦǣߴΰɷˬʵЦԼ緢жɣһǡ־Ҳ˵ȴչȻһЦ
յӢҲʱʱϢ֮УһЦȴӢܸоѾŮĴɱ䵽ٸķ飬ջһɽȻҲЩＱһ§ס˶Ůһȥ
ݣ붡̲ס


 021
ԭӢ֮ܵһԡңռؼжٶƽףһԲεˮأǳˮ̲峺ףмȴһԼ׵ɽ壬ɽĲȴȡȻһ컨ɽ֮£ȴһ˹ٲķйţԡڳˮˮ桢С۵豸һӦȫʱֵӵˮȴڵðԡů紺ӾأɣʵĿ̲סˮϷһ
Բ˵ΪҲûмôԡңкϲӢܵԴ磬ס᲻ᡭ᲻̫ݳˡ
ӢһЦŲã񲻱һǳԼͳѱǺͳһܵͳҲδزմҸοѾ⹬պзãѾȫԸLһԪǮǮȻѾùˣһӢܼţ֧ճĻѣҲ´ˡ
ҲǣϲãҡҡͷͳʵίʱҪԼ㻹Ҫͽѩý㣬úõİӢܼţ⵰Ƕ𡣡
Ӣ֪ʹԼǮҲ˻ڱںЩ̫ȥЩ£Լţʧȥķ񣬲ǰ֮ɷһ£ֻĵ̹ˡ
һɿĽϵ·ȫ⿪ˮأ֮УȻվڱֻ̲ȴˮرߣ붡նˮůͣ
ɷԼ붡ֻѵڰĵԴ磬ǡûдӾ
ԱҲͷ
ӢܹЦԡأɲӾأ˭˵ĻҪӾ£ι²ٲҿҪ
պͶ֪Լɷ˵˶źĶ£ôȥǱˣæ𣬱Դ磬ҡǡ
ҲԴ磬㡭ܲܰͷתȥǡ
ʵպͶӢѾãԱ˴˵֪ŮȻ˺ߣӢҲû취ãתҲԣһ£ҪǻûҾͲˡ
˵Żתӣʼʮʱ߲ͨžԴ磬תˡ
Ӣԣתȥȴˮ¶㷢òպͶ򣬲ˮȴԲļ粿
ˮûһףֻӢܵĴȣֻͼŮβģȻǹˮˣӢܿͼŮͬʱһЦȴǰٶȥˮչֽʱԴ磬
Դ磬

ӢܼŮѩ׹⻬ıϸ֫Բ΢̵βһСȻﻹ͵סǰˮ˹ȥ
ֻһ͵պͶߣˮֱףŮѩȶɼԻŮζ˱仯ȥŮϸɬٸķ鱥˶ԣջӢ˾ÿ֮УѵŶŮ棬Ҳ̫ɫϷ
ԽԽģεӢߣֱ۵Դ磬Դ磬㣬Һȥòá
ӢܵȻ᲻ӦЦð
һ˵ţһ߾ˮƽӣպͶһǰһıãҪչ˺գˣˮԲѣһŪ֮Ӣܾʹһ֫չǰȥƽյ÷ǳĺãŮ˿ҡΡ
ȴܲ񫣬Դ磬Դ磬һһòã
Ӣܱðû⣬СЩն
ӦһӢܾȻǰȥٶȵ羨ںθһ㣬йľʱ˷ܵôȵӢٴμ٣Ҳ̼þ
ӢŶŮһ߽Уһ߷ĵЦҲĻãҪټӿһЩֻ¶Ů޷ˣ㱣ٶȣˮ˺üȦա
ԼڳϷˣ˰Сʱ֮˱㵽ɽٲͿĨԡ¶ٲˮͨųȴȾˮ
ӢܵϣȻպͶͿĨ࣬ŮȴߺܹҪλ
ӢܴʱѾѵնҲˣҸĨԡ¶
ʱȻԾ˳ˮðͷԴ磬㻹ȸնĨɣһһ
˵žε˼ɽȥˣռ״Ҳˮж죬ʱӢһסȻ뻳Уͷӣȥ
ЩҹҹɷģҲҹҹɷط껶ֻ붡һЩɬʱ֪ܿɷǣ캼֮£ҲһУ§ӢܵĲӣཻ
ãã˵ĴķֿĬĬһ֮Ӣٴν§˻ȴ飬һһչ⻬ϸࡣ
Ϊ˸֪õĻ֣֮ԼİɷǸ֮£ѩ׵ļѾ΢΢ϼΣ૵ĵԴ磬Ҫ
Ӣʵ˫Ըһ棬ųԽ͵ĳأһ棬ȴҰƽʱǰҪɣȴǳѹ֣ԼŮǰȴɷݣԶΪȻյĻȴȻأٲֲʵĲݴԣһѱסȥʱϸ̺ٲȴ˿ʪȻһĲ֡
ҲɷԸ֪㲻ƴǣ븧Ӳʱ΢΢ŤϢ֮䣬ҲĴ
Ӣܽյ壬ȴպһüͷǰһƵԴ磬еʹһЩ
ӢܸоյĽխֱ֪ѾãѾЩӦˣ»ķɶ˺һվչüңķڿʼʪů§סɷɶӭţҷѹֵ֮
ûãվ͵˶ˣѾҪƲסԼ֪Ȼڼɽ֮󣬵ϰ֮ˣܹͷȻסӢܵ촽
ɢµٲ³ϴȴ࣬齻ʱӵǡ


 022
ϴòˣռûдӼɽǱιӢܵĶߵԴ磬֪ãɲܷŹã´ҾĲˡ
˵⻰ãԴҪ˵
ûһͼεٲߣߵǰ棬Դ磬ʲô£
ߵߣȻǰһƣӢܵĻȻĴЦԴ˵Ҫ޿㡣
һ˵ţһˮ֮УҲɽ֮ȥ
ղڼɽٲǰĶҲ࣬һӿʱӢܽ§ţʵǰֻЩȴնԭҲô
ӢһЦҲߵ˭ղӣնΣͶұ
ʱ˵ˡ
Ӣܼ֮״Ȼ书ȴԼŮСҲģɵ뵽ңĺݳʶԼʱĴ棬뵽ƭ˵Լ˼Լµƣ뵽ԼǳѪսʱѧ¸ңЩһĻĻӰ΢΢һЦ͵ͷ˶ӣ֮ϡ
ݾصɷô۹ԼĶͻˣͳˣȵӢܵ촽ʱѾ׹ƶһ㣬֪ϱ
ɵ֮ϣӢܵĸ֮£ҲǼѵɷշתӭϣһԼ̫󣬱ҧӣŬĿ
Ӣ붡򻶰ѱϣ㽫սٲ³ϴ֮󣬾ͻصңĳ˯ʱ֣붡ĻصԼķ䣬ȴ±֪ȡЦ
***********************************************************˵ڶ磬ӢѾźDNA£뷿һ˼źʰҽԺҲLҽǿҽ豸ȫҽԺŮ֪ˣһӢܲԸȥ̫࣬Ϣ
ӢһԺͬµ¥DNAңⷽоרѾˣĵ
ӢڽӸ׳֮ǰҪDNAûƽʱʱע򶨼ֻĬĬڹ۲飬ȴһֱճմģûд󳳴ֵжʱҲϣϣĸ׵жǶԵģײûʧװ衣
Ӣһ֣ʼһʿӢϳѪȻȥȡ˼Ѫ
ԭDNAʱƤмëҺѪҺȶԲɼ׼ȷģѪҺͨXȾɫķӹϵ׼ȷʼ100϶ӹϵ׼ȷʿɴﵽ9999999Ҳ˵˵ѪҺָǺϣټϿ͹пܴӹϵܹ½ˡ
ӢѾ˷Ըһеĳ˼Ƥ½У֪ûκֽŵĿܡ
ӼҲҪʮСʱӢܼĿתǰһ̬ԸҲ뿪ֳĸײɵöһۣѾ׵ȷûз裬һжϷΪʲôһ˷ѽԣӢܵļǳ⣬յĽҲ޷װˡ
ĵȴţϰ˵ңĶʮСʱھҪȥʮСʱ˼۾ûգע̣λҽʦҲշԸܵϸαĻᡣ
ֹ˰СʱˣXƬʾ˼ӢܵȾɫǺϣȷϵ
ЩXƬݷϣһֱϳճ˼ȻվһеĹƬϣȻϸĿţһ߿ֱȴʼҵĲ
Լ֮˼ؽеĶȫӿȻվ嵽Ӣܵߣһס˫磬ӣҶӣҾȻжӡ
Ӣżĸףʱ۽Ѿʪ󣬵˵ͷ֣ҵĵȷȷӣдġ
˼ԣʱСһǿЦŵжˣжˣԼкԼк󰡣ְ֣裬ǿ԰Ϣˡ
⻰ӢҲЩ⣬״Сڼô󳤴󣬺ֵ󶨾M벻˵ˡԼк֮ĻﾹĲŻ˵Ĵͳ׿ġְ֡衱ȻԼүүˣϣүү̾ڸʧٵǰһͳ˫˫ˣʱй²⣬׵ľʧǲΪʧȥ˫ױ˹ȣټϹѹ̫ɵġ
Ӣ׼ǰ˵֮ʱ˼ȴȻֹͣЦߵӢܵǰӣǲΪʲôװ裿
ӢŸ׵еĳãȻˣȴ˸ǻ۵Ĺâ˵ͷ
˼ǳȥ
Ӣ̻˻֣˷أе˶Ҵ˳ȥ


 023
˼һƽķأȴ¶˷ǳӵ񣬵ܿ͵ͷһסӢһԵɳϣӣMѾú˰ɣ
ӢһͷMϯרңõöֻΪM׿Խ׵˲ܵõMҿѧ¡
˼Ȼصһ̾ͷȥӣһ֪үү̾ΪM¶
ӢһҲһ㶣ʶүүڼôĳһǱѰ˵ȥ
˼΢һŵҴСһϲĺӣᰮռɻɵ֮ϣѧлеȤʮʱѾõĸʿѧλƽʱİþоַɻҲ½½־ϷһЩĵãܱMע⣬뵽MĿƼоңһ֮ɼF16սؼͻ˼ұ㣬ͿʼֺоȻұΪMϯרңʵFϵеսM˺˵⣬Ҳõ
˵ɫʱһڶսо뵽ֻ߷ɻܣǿȴΣıЩսȥʲôֱһ졭һ졭
˼˿̵ɫʹֱһ鱨ֵ֪ͨңҵĸĸ˳Ѿ鵽ģĿ뱨ҡϢ֮󣬵ʱˣ޷ʵֻһѧңһ罻Ŀѧң޷ΪʲôΪҶɱҵĸĸһǸ˶󡭡
֮ҲŴӾ޴ıʹ֮ƽ뵽ȥѰҴ𰸣ҰԼһ죬Ϊʲôûɱˣоսȴɱ˵ס˴ׯˡСףǶ˱ɻĶ󣬵Щ޹˲֫ϱ۵Ѫ֮УߵĸסŮù˵ߺޣޱԹ޵Mʱҵ𺶣Ϊ֮Щʲô£ħµĶУұˣҵļҲֲܺˣMΪ˵ʯⳡսǲԪס
Ӣ˴ʱˣ֣Ժ͹װˣǲǣ
˼˵ͷҾû˵оɱ˵ĻԸΪưȫİףҲ֪̫ľܣǺһкܿµ³ֻѡװˣҷģԶȥҲоһսˡ
Ӣ⣺MսչF22սѾкЩͣͲǰ븸׵йأM˲ŵҲһģҪ˶ãһսˡ
˼룬ȴһֱվԱߣ˵ĸߵ˸׵ߣúϵ˼ѾǸˣڼȻܶϣҲװ裬ҾʾǸ⣬ȥ£ҲԣҲΪ˴ﵽԼĿ˺㡣
ӢŸףȴĸףԣȴǸޱȣԶԹжʱһ̾һҵϵ˵ĸֻΨһӴŮԣĸŮˣһԣĸҲ˵׶ʵãĺȻ뿪Ը׵˺ȷǷǳģ֪ܲԭĸ׵һ֮
ĬĬעһ󷿺غֻ˼վܰôˣ㻹ûô䣬ƯѾúˣҲ㣬Ĳ㣬һжǸƭ˲ãȴ˵ģйһõĻ䣬˽ܶһ˲ĶӣӦøлǡ
һ˵ţŷؾһܰǷصõĻ
˼ľٶʵڳӢ뷿صϣ˼ľϹҲ΢΢¶ɫû˵
ΪӣܲϣԼĸֵһģӢѾ죬˽ĸףĵȻӰӣֻһıõˣһûʲôλˣĸײϲԼǿһ
ʱ˼ߵվһߵӢܸǰܶԭ°ְֶĲΣʵӺЩƣҵҲɹֲš
ӢŹ¶ĸףʪ˫ۣ˿Ҳ̲סˣһӾͱס˸ףˮѾȻ£֣֣Բ𣬶ԲӦǰģҲЩࡣ
˼ӽסͣͷɵӣɵӣְֺܺãûʲô֪֪࣬жѰҺϣDNAܹ֤ҵĶӣ֪㣬ʲôˣʲôˣܶܶһ֪ںøˣ˷ܣĶӣʵ̫ˣûжµгͷ
һ˵ŻһԽԽˮݺᣬԽ
ؼĳ棬ɫҲȻΪԼĹ
֮˼ӢһԸӲŷֿɳϣ˼ȴŶӵ֣һֱûɿǵԱߡ
˼ܶû뵽ԼһͳĶӣԼҹҫˡ
Ӣ֣ܵһֱڹⳤ󣬵ڻĴͳûǰ
˼ǻƤͷĻˣүүСҵģôʵҲػȥЧңһЩܸӵԭҲŷˣMȽĿѧʵңû뵽
׵Ȼ̾ϢӢҲϣ̫ѹ֣ˣȻؼȥɣϱǻż
˼ڵ֮ǰѾǣԣɵһЦܶⷽ棬ɱǿ̫ˡ
˵⻰ȴ˷һۡ
ؿȴûʲôӦֻǵܶ˼ϢʱɲܴȥM֪ͷǳ鷳ˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҪM֪һ˵ǰܣǽˣְֵݣʱҪܣЩҽҶԸǵġ
һ˵ţһ߾ʹŸĸ˳ȥЩҽʿţӢܾԺҪȫк²˵ȥ˭Ҫ©˷Ȼܵǳĳͷ
Ժ֪˼ݣͳĸףȴ˵ȥȻ죬ӢһϽǣλͳڱȻ߷ɭȻڶ̶̵һʱƷڶλ˭Ҳ
Сʱ֮Ӣܾ븸ĸصͳŮ˶ڹĴŵȺϢӢܵ˻Ͻվ
Ӣû˵ֻǵ˵ͷպͶæ˹˼˽һְ֡
ӢѾ顢ҶٻѩʱûݣȻԷؽС衣
ڱ˴Ϥ˵֮£λİĹְ֡
ʵںڣ¶ֻýе塣
˼ϣֲװ裬һֱ˷뿪֮Уʱһ绨ϱ׼ϱʱ˵Ӧֻѽѽһμ棬ҿûʲô͸ңǵģǵġ
ҶٻԴǣʱ͵һЦŵ壬ܹӢϣӢ֪Լĸ׵˭ǾǸ
Ӣܼ˵ж¶Ų֮ɫ֪ǲ⸸ǸǷǳˣΪʲôװ裬һȺŮӶڲԶվţԸ̫֪׵£ʹŮһĻţͼΧһŽ׵ľԭԭ˵һ顣
ӢܵĽеŮ˶һƬȻĬԼλǿýܶһЩ˿¿ʼ˭Ҳ˵


 024
طԸŮʱҪ͸¶˼MϯרҵϢֻҪ˼߳ͳM벻ᵽģ⹬ݶ滹иĻ԰ĵıࡣ
һֻЦӯӯĵԴ磬ȥ˵ϣԼһ񡮾ۻļڿɲǰ˵ǰгʲôá
Ȼĸ֮仹һ蹵ұϾѾˣӢҲӦȡһ񡮾ۻ֣ðǾ͸ȡһ֣ն˵˵
ƫƫͷ׾˵ǬԪʼͳ졣ʩƷΡʼգλʱɣʱ졣Ǭ仯ϴͣꡣ׳Ȼ˵Ԫ˳졣º޽Ʒ̺ࡣ࣬е޽˳ꡣУʧ˳óϵУɥ졣֮Ӧ޽νǬŮ°˼ӦԴݣǬ֮а֮ͽɡ
䣬Ҷٻããʲô갲ģնã֪ѧʺã̫ˣԴһοӢͳʵۿɲһȻ޵񹬵ǲá
յٻ㣬Ӧȡʲô֣
Ҷٻգգ˫鶯峺Ĵ۾ҿһúҸҺĻ԰ҲܴͽҸ԰ɡ
ȴüҡҡͷҸ԰ֱ̫ףҲ̫Щ
ӢҲֻۣǵ棬ѩãǶ˵˵
ҶȡʲôĲУ˵ɡ
ҲҿҲûʲôѧʣѩý˵ɣѧʵġ
Ӣ֪ѩѧʶ㲩ѩãҪ˵һɲ
ѩ˵ע£һ󣬲΢΢һЦ̫ţҸ԰̫ףҿһһ𣬻ӢL벻İҾҸļ԰ûǳͽǼ԰ɡ
ѩôһ˵ҶٻһððǼ԰ֺܰϲ
ҲЦŵǼ԰ҵҲͬ
ʱ붡򣬾˼뷿ҲͷغЦѩȡֺܺãϣǼܹͺ˴˼Զమ޳ҲϣܶͳҪ̫ۣҪԼѹ̫ܹò
ӢʱҲһֵãͽǼ԰Ҿͽ˽һ
˿ֻ˼ܶǼ԰ֵȷܺãһȴ뾡ˡ
Ӣæ֣ʲô£
˼桢ٻѩú£׼ʲôʱ죿
ڸղŻ·ϣӢѾԼ¸׽ˣôһ˵ϵ̫࣬Ҫһʱ䡣
˼°ˣ֪֪ܶôĺùﰮ㣬жôҸӦúúõϧ֪𣿡
˼˵Ļ΢΢ͷҶٻѩȴһϲɫȻӢܺͷûʲôûǵȴǳںĽ飬ΪͳˣĿǰεĿˡ
ʱҶٻѩòɵøм˼һۣδĹãʵ̫˽ԼˣպúúõТТ
Ӣʵ׸⻰˼һԼΨһŵŮãûԹеʹ˭֪ԼĶӱôŮţȻҲһְοȻҲϣЩĽҲֲԼеź
뵽ӢֻӺᣬĸȻѾ޷һ뻹ĸ¿ʼĸԲĽ֣Լĸ׾ûŮ˵ĵطһҪĸһĻᣬҲԼûпգֻнˣԼЩǣѩⷽ棬ȻԼҪ֡
Ӣܱ˵ͷ֣ɣٹ죬LĵһȫҪٿˣ¹֮Ҿ桢ѩáٻȥңķ׳ס
⻰ҧӣûзԣҶٻѩȴϲãϼ붡˵ҪңֻЦ
***********************************************************ת֮䣬Lһȫٿ֮ʣһ磬ͳרͣǼ԰⣬ӢŮĿ֮µ˳ͳպհ³İ£ǰţL͹Ĺöȥλ飬ԤһܲŻ½LȫˣL˵ҲһʷԵĻ飬ҪԱҪԱҪԱѧҡѧҡҵҵȵһLľӢӢѾӵ棬ңʡʡرѾִźУ׼μӽĻ顣
ͳУһ·϶վڽֵ߻ֻǰȴÿʮ׾վһάLͳһԺڰ¶͵쵼֮£ΰѽȶɱǿ֮Ĵ½һ뻹ж࣬նǳ⣬ӢҲοϾ¶ֵܣҲε£ĳɼԼҲйʰ
պհ³ɹȫװĸӢרУʱһϵģâӢܣһ̾ͳ£ǵͬʱȥñ龳𣿡
ӢҲ΢Цŵ˵ͷôǵãû֤ûб¼ȡ㵹ͨˡ
պհ³Ѿ˳ݣļ䣬ʱоһξǰľڣʵ̫Զˡ
Ӣպհ³ллңǰֵܣڻֵܡ
պհ³¶˼ޱȵɫͣҡͷҲֵܣǳɼ˼LΰӢۣΰľĴˣܹѥӾҵĶˡ
Ӣû˵ֻһȻȥͺ͹ȥһպհ³˼Ҳһоˮ
Сʱ֮󣬱òףٹȥһǽվȫǺǹʵʿֳֻر֤ͨԱǲܽ룬޷ǰеˡ
ʱȺкȻһŰɫµŮˣӢܵͳרһ߻֣һ߸ߺʲô
ܹ£Ӣܵĳӣǰͱǰľס
ӢܴʱѾŮˣ÷ӢŰɫµŮ˾ȻǸڶʧѾõ÷Ӣĳźķ÷ӢĻ޷壬ȻһǷʲôر¼
æǰ˾ͣͣ
˾Ͻͣסˡ
ȻӢܻû³ͼȺгӣﶼ΢ͳǹ÷Ӣһȥ÷Ӣ̾͵Ѫ֮С


 025
ɨ÷ӢǹӢܵͳררڶ˾MرģͨļʽҲܹЩӵֻǡ죬ȫ޷͸
ǹȥӢܣҪ̴պհ³ǹȻ򿪳ųȥΪһԪףϵʵ̫ˣѾǴԼĵ˻֪ж٣գʱΧľѾγǹڶǼԼǰϵҲʮ֦ǹͬʱǼ̼䵹˵ϣۼǲܻˡ
Ӣܼ÷Ӣĵڵϣϵİɫ²ͣĽѪѩĺ÷ôĿھҵĲţȻ򶨵ĵպհ³³ȥǸŮ͵ʰҽԺõҽܻĴ۶ҪȻʸղеʲô
պհ³Ӧһ䣬ԼҴ˳ȥһͼһ߽÷Ӣһһ߶ԱߵľѰʲô
ǳͷ۵缲ȥպհ³ּææĻصϣӢܵͳ£ʹˣŮ˸ղŽеǡܣܣҪȥҪȥըԭ
һ֮䣬ӢܾˣãڶʧôãĿ꾹ǹãһСʱ֮L͹еľӢҪֻҪըը٣Լڣеǧ˽ȫѣL͹ԪˣָиٵĻᣬ÷Ӣһúϣ޷ԼͨѶ޷Ż嵽Ǽ˶Ȼڶң׷ٶɱ
һˣӢѾͨ˰¶͵ĵ绰¶ͣ
¶͵Ѿڹˣͳ£ҸոսӵϢǲд̡
Ӣܵд̣˸ͨ磬¶ͣɢˣ׵׵ļ飬ը
¶͵ѾԴ˼˺ü飬ûʲôְ
Ӣܵϸļ飬һʲôͨǲ֪ģڶȻѡһд㣬еĺˮϸ飬רҹоըʲôطЧը¥
Ű¶ʹӦţӢܾ͹Ҷ˵绰˾ʰҽԺȥ״ֻƳ٣Ҫȥ÷Ӣֻϣ챣ӣܹһҪ
ûã͵ʰҽԺպհ³̿ʼ䣬Ӣܴ÷ӢѾ͵¥ңͳŵݶȥպհ³һֱû뿪ҡ
⣬м÷ӢվţӢܣһͳ£ҽѾ֪ͨҪ׼һ£һ
Ӣܵ˵ͷҲ˲ʲôֱƿ˽ȥȴмʿæҵĸһѪ÷ӢӲϵʾ÷ӢѾ΢ˣӢжʱһʹ÷ӢΪԼΪԼŻðΣգǷŮ˵ʵ̫ˡ
ʱһҽſֵҽżִҴ˽ӢܣҶһ㶣ҪӢȴ֣ȥҪǾȻˣһؽ
⻰ҽæǰֻһƣͲͣҡͷȡ˿֣ߵӢǰһȻͳ£ܶԲ˵ʵ̫أǹ̫࣬ҪѾӽˣ;ܲ𣬻ȥΨһܹģǸһǿ룬ѼӣԽ¡
ӢܺȻʧȥ˿ƣһץס˫磬ʲôûа취ôܣôܣԼУͻԺҪ
˵ţͼԺͷ󺹵˽ӢҲһͳ£ҽԺõҽˣ˵ֻ¡ֻ¡
ҽֲӢָܽǣſȻĻ˻ֵãעǿɡ
ҽæ˹ȥԸʿ÷Ӣעǿ룬Ӣܻ÷Ӣ԰㲵ھĵȴš
һ֮󣬾ͼ÷Ӣʼ΢΢Ȼ۾ٺӣ鶯ŷϸСܣܡ
Ӣ֪ǿע֮󣬽ҲνĻعⷵգܿģ÷Ӣͻʧޣֻƴסһס÷Ӣ֣ͷߵĵ÷Ӣߡ
Ժ龰ýָͷҲµͳŮŷͬѰĹϵæƣе˳ȥСĹš
÷ӢѾӢܣǻ¶΢Ц૵ĵááʱûȥûȥ
Ӣ⻰Ҳ̲ס£÷Ӣлл㣬ллһξҡ
÷ӢȻЦŵܡãܹܹ㡭Ϊᣬǿˡ˲ΪᣬҲֵˡ
Ӣ֣ܽԼǰͣҡͷ÷Ӣ㲻ģġ
÷Ӣܡ㲻áƭҡҸղȻȻܶҽġĻˣǸעǿġ룬ҡܸ˵仰ҡѾ㡭ˡ
Ӣ֣ʹû˵ֻʵ÷Ӣ÷ӢԲ𣬶ԲһûõˣˣȴȲ㡣
÷Ӣ΢΢һЦɵɵϣǡ˲ΰġˣôôᡭûãԼԼڵˣûûܹס
˵ȻʲôץץӢֵܵܣڶڡڳǱޡ9ţѾѾ˰ˣһšͼֽᡭǰ㳡Ȫһһͨͨ棬֪֪Ҫᣬ졭ǰ˴ȥͨšըըɡ԰ըըмҡ֪ͨ㣬ڶ˭˭Ҳˣѡҿúϣ֮⣬κεġͨѶƷûûа취ֻڽ졭ж֮ǰ͵ĳ롭֪ͨ㣬ϧϧ֣ˡ׷ңáҼʱϵˡ
϶˵ô໰ʱҵĴϢ
Ӣһͳֻͨ˰¶ͣƽ¶ͣǰĹ㳡ǲһȪ
¶͵ǣһ
Ӣܵһͨͨãը棬ڶסڳǱ޽9ţһ뿪ˣȥ׷ͨ·Ҫȫ飬ڶӣҲɳźС
¶ͼᶨĴӦӢҶ˵绰÷Ӣ÷ӢģҾŹڶҪ㱨𡣡
ȴ÷Ӣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷŵܡܣģҲǡõĽᡭ֣㲻֪֪˵㡭λ򡭡ˣġܣúޡԼ
ӢܵԼΪʲôҪԼ
÷ӢҺޡԼΪʲôҪ꣬ԼʱӡӾͲɾˣûлڡߡ
ӢܱһᣬץַԼĴߵлġлģֻҪȥȥ
÷ӢǵһЦ૵ܣʵʵ֪֪ǲᡭϡҵģҲҲõġİֻϣϣܺúõĶԡԴŮˣۡζҪǣҲҲһǡܹڡһ𡣡
Ӣܼ÷ӢԽԽûɣѾԽԽСۿžҪ;ƿݣˣһᣬһߵͷģһģһúõĶԴǡ
÷Ӣʱ۾Ѿˣ΢΢ıţŬĴϢŵܣܣҿ졭첻ˣǡңҡҪ㡭Сȥ
Ӣܻĵͷ촽÷Ӣӣ֮ϣʮ֮󣬾͸оϢû˺֪Ѿȥһȣ᲻סţ÷Ӣѩ׵ϣ촽ȴȻţû˿ƶףһ̣÷ӢõİһУԶȴֿŮˣԶᡣ


 026
֪˶ãӢֶ÷ӢʼڵӣǣվʬľһȻĨռݺἣȥҵš
պհ³վǰ棬Ӣպհ³ĺõĵط֪֮ͨҡ
Ȼ÷ӢӢܵĹϵŮʵֵþأպհ³ʲôûʣֻĬĬĵ˵ͷȻԸͳע⾯䡣
ӢܴʱȻʹѽҪ¥صͳרϡ
ʱֻˣǰ¶ʹġ
һͨ¶͵ͳ£ͨѾҵˣըҲڲ
ӢܵڶûУ
¶͵Ѿˣźеĸĵ·ҲѾ̫󣬿Ҫһʱ䡣
ӢҲ֪źڶϳνߡҪʮ˿ܼĽҵȷżѶȣã¶ͣṩڶϢץڶߣؽҲҪɡ
¶͵ǣͳģһڶӳźеġ
ȵͨӢֻܵٴȴǴǼ԰ģһֻʹյԴ磬˵д̣ڹ÷ըû°ɣ
Ӣܵû¡
ֵԴ磬Ŀ񲻶԰
Ӣܲ˵ʲôȻû¡
ɵԴ磬˭ǵǼ԰ˡ
Ӣֻ΢΢˼ǰְֺͶ磬ӳ٣һ㡣
յǰԴ磬µ׼ǾԱߣɡ
ӢҲҪãϻдš
յǵȻںͰְ˵
Ӣԣȴһ֪Լƭĸ׵Ǹˣ治֪ʲôķӦȥŶԣ˵һͷֻԸ˾ͳȥ
ʮ֮󣬾ͻصǼ԰߽˴ɫְҵװӭͳǺͿ˶ڻңȥɡ
Ӣܼ򣬶ʱ÷ӢһᣬҪȻм㡣
Ӣܵɫԣæʲô£
Ӣܵ÷Ӣ
һϲǲ÷ӢϢˣ
Ӣһ̾㵽ʰҽԺȥɣ
Ͻô÷Ӣˣˣ
Ӣһҡͷ飬ɫһ䣬÷Ӣ÷Ӣ
ӢҧҧĬĬĵ˵ͷ
򡰰Ľһŵôô
Ӣܵڶڹը÷ӢΪ֪ͨң͵ڶĳ֣׷˹ǰ÷Ӣ˺ܶǹҽԺʱѾѾ޷ȡ
Ļ䣬ʧʹ÷Ӣ÷ӢҿĽ㣬ҿĽ㡣
һ˵ţһ߾ȥ
ӢһȻ߽˻ңȻˣԼŮ֮⣬ĸں˵̸ŨһŮ׼ҵ״
Ӣ֪ܲĸ׵ΪҪǰ˶ȥƭģӣҲ΢΢ģҲοײȫµӣ̸֮ĸ׻лġ
Ӣܽݣе˶վŮ˸Χʳʶ̣ǹУӢܱ㽫÷Ӣ˵һ顣
ڹȥӢܲûн÷ӢϣŮûд÷Ӣ֣ŮðΣͨ籨ţ׳ԼȻûô򵥣Ů޴⣬еֻǸмʱһ̾Ϣ֮
ʱӢ£ܶΪһ֮Ҫһߣʲôʱ¿ʼ
Ӣǿѹסеıˣ죬Lٷϴˣٵˡ
ֵã֪MʲôӦ
ӢܵMѾ˱̬֧L͹һ˵ҽǣῪ֮ǾͽʽϹ
˽»ؾļƻûУ
ӢҡҡͷûУҲڵL͹졣
ĶԲأ뵽ûУ
ӢܵǺܳ죬֮С
ʱȴԱߵ˼ܶסǧҪMԣΪǷôãǳĿǰûκһҿھM⣬ҪLͳֻǵģҲûʲô
Ҳͷ֪ͬܶЩ뷨ܹĵλʵ̫ף治Ը⿴ʧȥһС
Ӣܵ뷨Ҳ˵ʲôֻǵܶҸ׼һҲЩ
һˣæ֣ʲôơ
ȴЦնãְɲǸģҲδϲһٶֻƽ𡣡
һٶֻƽ𣬼ֵʮԪھδ𲽵L͹˵ȷѩ̿ӢǸм֣лл㡣
΢ЦҡҡͷܶˣȥңѾLңʡҲӦΪԼĹҾ䲻ô㣬ߵĹ˶ҹԼյһ£ңʡͨҪͨˣʱһʶһЩƽL͹Ľ裬Ҫ֪㳲֮°ѣL͹ʧܣңʡĲƸֻᱻ죬ʱһѽˡ
ӢһȴתͷŸ׵ְ֣мæ
˼ǲҰս
Ӣ׸ҲǼˣ˵ͷǵģLҪ뷢չͱþý裬Ҫþý裬һҪǿľΪܣִս˵ƿȨѾǳɰܵĹؼȽս̫Ҫˡ
˼ŶӣͷܶҵĶӣҲ׵ˣô᲻㣬ҪһȽսôףҪļΪЩֱҪȽ豸ⶼҪһκܳʱ佨죬ƾLڵŻսˮߣֻԺõսҪF22սļսǾܵġ
Ӣܵ꣬ʱ̫ˣ֣Ҫ߿վӦô죿
˼˼һİ취þɵսԸ죬ǵܣǲԶԿݡ
Ӣܵսô𣬲һö˹ĳ쵼ǻ˲١
˼ҡҡͷսƵģҲһѪﵽ˷ļޣսܱȣMսѾؼٶȼһϣһȫµսҿԿ϶ʹȽ״ҲѸ٣Ļʸǲٷ֮һңҲ벻ôԸ
Ӣһأ֪ڵʲô֪ܶѹܴ󣬵Щԭǧܷ
Ӣ񽥽Щ¶ҪȵῪ˵
˵˼֣ܾܲ쿪ʼҵЩʽս
˼ԥĵû⣬Ϳʼ֣һЭңҪһ׵Ĺ
Ӣܵ˵ͷõģ֣һ˸㣬Ҫʲôֻܸ˵
˵Żȴеֻ𣬱洫¶Щ˷ܵͳ£ڶѾץסˡ


 027
Ӣһڶﱻץסˣ̲סôץסġ
¶͵ڶ±ڽڼӿɼ
Ӣܵãϵ
˵űҶ˵绰վڶѾ׽סˣҪȥ
ʶһۣʱҲͬʱվҲȥڶ⹷ǲкңʡյԪףҪȥ
ӢܵͷӦ绰ԸҴҶȥŮһɱже£˭ҲҶʡ
Ҫߣ˼ȥ໥ֶӢܳű˲ע⣬ĵĶԸ׵֣֪ȥ޵Ǹ˭𣿡
˼ȴ΢΢һЦǲǣ
Ӣһ㶣֣ԭѾ֪ˣô
˼ҡҡͷܶΪְֻж֪չɫ𣬿񣬺˵ĿͲ³ˡ
Ӣܵ㡭
˼֪Ϊʲô£Բԣ
Ӣܵ˵ͷ
˼Ϊ˱ҵң֮ĶԹ޷ж˭˭ûȨ˵ҵ׼ңҵȻҪ׼ҵڶԴοгԴ׵ľٶᱻ迴ҲӰ쵽桢նǣֺαء
Ÿ׵ĻӢܶʱһ⣬ֲõĸ׻ҵԼļƻһˣڿѧоУܹΪMϯרң飬Ҳǳᶮôװ˵ҪM£ƺΨһԱѡ񣬵ҪһǺõģԼĵλ׵Ŵһ൱á
ʱӢҲ뵽׵òҲţȺ֮ϣҲһܹŮ˵ӣĸײϲֻһֱŲֻøףû⵽˶Ǽ԰ĸҲƽ˵ͻЩˡ
µ֣㻹ϲ𣿡
˼ĸΨһŮˣҲ
Ӣܵɲȥ׷裬֣ʵ˵ϣһǼ԰һļҡ
˼ҡҡͷܶһǳŮˣԼ˼룬׷ûõģ˵L͹ŽȷǳҪҪܳһʱܹЩɻûʱЩ£ܶ㲻Ҫҵģܹ㣬Ѿˡ
Ӣܰ̾һרѾͣã׸ǣ˳ȥ
һ·ۣһСʱ֮󣬾͵źбļӿɼ֪ͳҪţӢ쵽һ䷿ݣȴ¶ʹ棬һµӵĲǽ֮󣬷ֵڶͷɥһϣѾʧȥղһɣһͷ׵
Ӣܽ¶¸ϽӢܱ㽫Ӹˣ˵¶ӢܴСֿѣӢҲ࿴
֮󣬰¶;ǽϰһťǲǽʱϿ
ڶ޷ģʱȻӢվǰ¶˾֮ɫȴ򾲵ĵӢܣ㡣
Ӣܵ˵ͷڶּˣֻȴȫı仯
ڶҧҧϴ㵽ͳûǵĻɱ㣬˴󻼣÷ӢǸˣĻû뵽ȻһȣξҪ㡣
÷Ӣգһ÷ӢӢоͳ˱ŭһЦڶӯ˭ᷴģ÷Ӣĳһ
ʱȴһ˳÷Ӣĳ𣬻ңʮƵľڶǰˡ
˵Ȼˣڶз˱˵ĺ⡣
ڶȻ֪ϬҲ̲סһ
ǰһҾľǧټƵҪҵȴȻվǰڶϱңʮҲ˽ˡ
ڶմѪȵޣӢҲһϣֻ𣬰¶̱ˣԼǹݵϡ
Ӣǹڶһ֮󣬺ȻЦӢܣ⣬ˣϣMû뵽ڹؼʱǻᱳ壬ûв´һǺǴĳЭ飬ӢܣҲк³ģҵĽ죬죬ǶǹM˵ĹЦſǻ˺ҧף
ӢڶЦгűŭ֪벻ͨľԼʮ껰MϧʵıӦڶû뵽ǣM˵Ĺᡣ
˿ӢȻľǹƬ֮䣬ͽϻʮöӵڶûĵطڶѪڵʹĶ˺һһغ
ڶȥҧ̫ңʡİձǲҿˡ
ûȥڶȴӢܵܶһֱûϢ书ǿǳ£˵ȥҹĪ׽ȥѯ嶾֮Ŀп㣬ҪǧСЩ
ӣӢ˵ҲһӰնڰ治֪ʲôµ˵ͷ֣֪ˣһСĵġ
˵⻰ֶվһԵİ¶͵¶ͣٿİȫʩ׼ôˣ
¶͵ͳ£ģѾ˽õϵּ˼飬ʲôˡ
Ӣһ˳ȥȻȥ˹Ϣ
***********************************************************ڶ죬Lһ˳Уλ鹲ԸһǧԱϰĸרҲμӣйL¡õȸ淢չľӢԱȫƱ֮ͨ£ΪͳңʡΪLرʡʱֹȥķϰߣֻҪǹϵŹ˥Ҫ£ʡдңʡȥĻʵΪL͹رʣֱӶͳ𣬿ԵκιԱڵ⡣
һֱʮ죬ƶ˲ٵķչƻ뷨ɷ棬ڻ֮ϣӢҲԼ˽˳Ȼλͳкüͳˣ΢ǣӢܾѶ˵ңʡףԱҲֻͬ⣬źλL漣ͳױˣLʷϣҲֻþؾᣬ¡
˵ʮ죬֮L͹Ϲ룬Ҫ룬MĴ޳֮£Ϲܿ׼룬L͹ʽΪϹһԱ
ȻL͹Ϲĵڶ죬ףʽûн̼͸Ӣܴ˵绰M׼ºͿʼ˽L»أҪȫϣұ̼ڵ绰ﻹĶǧҪɵʲôɱԵľ̼ӢܵԸ˽⣬ҲǺܷġ
һϣӢټϽѶ¶͡żԼʸͳᣬҪڽM»صһشľߡ


 028
˶ɳãӢܱλMѾ֪ͨң֮˽L»أҪȫϣô
һУܴܶӦǡ
ϽȴҪǲӦM̾ҪҽڷͳŬһж֮LİպòϣĿȥһҲپսˣҿֻܴӦ
Ͻǵ¸صĳߣҲֲͬ¾û˵ˡ
Ӣܻһۣȴżż⽻ԹҲϤ
żʱȴüͷ̾һѣѰͳ£ҲżǲӦMǿĿǰΨһĳҪǴӦһﻪǵڹҹǿǾһ鱻պ˵мͣǱ߶ǲ𰡣ͳ£Ҳ˺ܾˣҲ취ˡܡ
Ӣ֪ܵܶԸһѾʲô뷨˵Ǵ
ӢҲ£ãµȷǳش󣬹ϵLδҲѾ˼ˣҵǣM»ء
һֻ¶ο֮ɫϽȴԵýϽͳ£һ⣿
Ӣܵ˵
ϽMΪǹֵܹ𣿡
Ӣҡҡͷȫ޷ֵҵĹƣһڣǵսᱻȫڣ90ϵķϵͳͻᱻݻ٣һڣǵľӻҵĿϮ֮ɾԣLͼֲʮ졣
ϽȻͳѾ֪ҾͲظˣһսô˵ǵľﵽʮʮ򣬿Mֻһǧ˵ûУһܱҵ¡
Ӣܵͷ֪ʱһֱоMЩսǵľװȷǿÿ¡
Ͻͳ£㽫ôӦ
Ӣûֱӻشȴżż㣬ǸҸM⣬ҲʸM⣿
żԥĵûκιңʵ˵ֻлչʸ񣬶MкԹ϶ȻЩͣ˴˼ڵìܲûл⣬ȻҲ֮ЩMԽԽţȴƵûչͺãƵƵڹ֣εǯMǻʷֹ㶦ЯֶܣҲĿǰܹƽһ㡣
Ӣܵ´Ҷ֪ML»ؾ׼廪չڣڸһһپ٣չҲһҲԸصĴڣ룬ƺLԼ¡
Ͻͳ£ǲ׼ھܾMҪ֮M뻪һչҲԹۡ
Ӣܵȥ뷨ϸ˼ȴֻһ²ߣMʮ֮ھܻʤ̵ʱڣӦǰMƵĽڣģֻӵȻ뻪ܹԽ볯һսMϳȥѾ⵽˼Ϊص𺦣ܾöָ·򲻵ѣʵڲߡ
ϽżǸô죿
ӢʱһһΣҪΪǿս֮M뱻Ǵ֮Уǵòκιҵ֧֣׳
ӢܵĻһֱ˼ʱȻʲô΢Цͷ
Ӣܿ΢Ц֣㿴Σ
ãܺãΪǿս֮֮ߣܶܺãҿMǳĻֻ²ϽԽԽżˣ˵˵ͲҪˣѧǾ¿ɲΣǲ²ġ
ӢܳĬһƺȫȻ¶˾ģ׼MǩЭ鹫
һ˵żһܿҲ¶ϲɫƵãȷǸϲߡ
ӢЦŵż͸ҽͽͣΪʲôϲߡ
żƺһ飬ȻͳǡԱ֮֮MЭ飬ÿɲصȣڶȥMѣȴҪñMֵ˹֪ˣЩҵԪеĺΣһЩ뱾йϵĹ˾ǿЩLԴһǩЭ飬һȴȰοЩңǲҪЭһֻM֪ҪѵûйһٸMƨɺߺȣû˭ԼѪȴMռˡҪһǣǰЭ飬ɽӵǵı߽磬ֻҪMʲô紵ݶָռͿԽLǷĵһMĿϮЧҪۿˣҰȥľһǵ࣬ڵķս֮ͻߣղòǱճǳԵĵMľ߲᲻ףҪȷҪܴʱ˶̨ĺ
ż˵ôһϽҲʡƵãȻãõúܰ
ʱʡѶ¶϶¶Ц⣬Ŀǰ˵ȷһõİ취ҲΨһİ취
ӢʱֵĺҲпMľɨأǣǰL֣ΪһμңǾΪԼϲŭشģһйһرԣЭ鹫ȻЩðգҲʤķӡ
ҿðòò£MǲóȻġ
żҲ޳뷨սM˺ûѵ¶ԱΪӣЭ鹫ֻһγţǵòֵ֧ġ
Ӣ΢΢һЦȴͷ֣˵㲻㱳壬ԲMҵࣿ
ЦȻ㣬Ӻɷ壬СڣرΪһ֮˵ǲܾΣȻһӹ֮쵼һ֮ڣܶLնӦ죬ӦøмŶԡ
ӢܺȻһЦʵͺ̹ȻҪ֪ǩЭʱ򻹲LͳûеõLȫĳϣǩֻ֣ܴӢһˣMϴҲ˳ۣԺҵұһȭţǹҲС
ôһ˵˶ЦЦ֮ȴһ̾ܶȷһʲô¶гˣң㣬ҲˣȹЩʱҾܹĵԼԸŵˡ
Ӣ֪ԸŵǴǻ磬æ֣¿ҪƳ٣Lٷϴ٣ûе׶û߿ɲС
˵ͷЦͳرʣҲһ֮£ǧ֮ϵˣҪһƨ˵Ȼܲ˼İɣһжҪȵL˵Mϲóһھϱģӻǲù
ӢܼˬʵЦݣ뵽߸ϣߵݵľ֮𣬵λ֮˿ؽʱǹ£ɵǸмֻǵ֣лл㡣
ȴҡҡͷɫܶ㲻ӦлңӦлԼ㲻⣬еһУֻ»һ¡
һξ룬޷գ໥ӣжӿӢϧ֮飬ʱһЦ
ȻѾϣӢܾͽǷMµЭż繫


 029
֪MLЭ𶯡ϣMЭ鹫֮һַǳαľ棬⵽˻չָһЩǷֵ˹ԪҲʾ˶ǴڶµĲMһЩѣMռLԴͼգķǴۣǶMľ߿ʷ̣Mͳ˹ʣҪ˵ЭĺϷԡ
һʱ֮䣬ӢܵĵøμҶеԾѾվ̨ķ˼⣬ֽϵͷ඼йϢաҶٻ˵ƬҲƵƵڱÿ춼дLɷõļߡ
һУӢܺ⣬Ϊ֪LԽ˹עMԽ׶֣ⳡΣܹˡǣҲţMйشµľǳôһưͿǾưոݵġ
֮ͨңʡӢܰȵļƻŮĸ׼Ѷ¶͡պհ³ĸһңʡȥף桢ҶٻѩŮĳŵŵȫͶLһ֮УȴûȥӢȻҲȥǿֻǿ԰¶Ȼ䲻ȣҲ²͸˼Ρ
ȻѾ֪ͨ˸ף˼ʱѾȫĵĳڹ֮УμӣӢȥ׼Σڼ׵Ĺһʽսڤ˼룬˼ǣֿճմҲǺʹЩսܵ¹ش޷Ȱ踸ֻͣȻΣһηҲȥˣ˼ӣҲһ΢΢̾ϢӢ֪ĸ׶Ը״⣬ҪԸ͸һֻҲǺѣ޷ǿ顣
ңʡͨӦ츮·Ҳ޸ˣȻЩѾͨ裬һ·ǰյĻ
ͨңʡʵȶǰӭӣǼȻȥһݾߵĸߺꡣ
ôͶãӢ֪ңʡĿеĵλκ޷ģҲʲôǷؼô˶Щ߷߲ƽΪѾLͳһرʣӦöμŶԡ
Ӣ֪ĸȻ˾Թʤ֮ڣֻȰοһ
Ӧ츮ĵ·Ѿͨ裬ȥղܵӢһ͵ˣȴӦ츮ڽŵؽţ˼·ǵһ¥ãһȴԭòһʱͿԿţȫ˲ιۣӢͬľߣңʡĵλأټһЩԭ֭ԭζĹϽһĿ⣬ҵԴٽʡõĸӷ٣ͨңʡİռ˽ı仯һжҪȵLңʡ˵Ҫ֪ķ羰׹ȻˣƽǿûӦķʩеġ
ңĻʹѾΪʡΨһĻƽȺдL˶ӢʹʱĸоһһĿ𺳣Ҳ۲²ʹ嶯˶ٵĻƽ𣬲ӢףûƽƬм۵ģΪཨʷϵ漣ԶıңʡǾ޼ۿɹˡ
Ӣܵⳡǰ빫ʽģȷѶ¶͡պհ³ļ⣬ϽLҪԱְز񣬶ڽ·ͬʱңʡѾһרߣϽܹʱĸӢͨǱϴδʱĶˡ
պУ׼Ը塢쵤λȥĻʺȫȨ𣬻ܿЭʡŵƽʣַǷӢܹȥңʡѡ֪Ϣ͸ϵӦ츮ˣϣӢܾʢɣصȥȺǬι
˵治٣ҪΪ׵һȥ滢ӪĽúƽΪ׵¾ͳ죬˴ŰЩ˶ǲ̵Ӣۺúֱ˴Ӣͬ˴죬ѵлһ𣬶ʱѣ֮ϣò֡
öãӢ̸ܾЦŴӴ˳Ѷ¶͡պհ³˾͸ǵĺ档
ˣһںú뽫ʱȥȴ֪˭ͷҪ֪ӢȻʲôͳһ֮ûʲôĿԶصĻϣȸ˭ͷƺЩԡ
Ȼǵ˼Ѷ˵ܯǰˣӢһڵܯ֮ϹȥʵʺλЦŵҲùˣҲʾ𣬷ϳһЩͷ֮ҲУӢͳ͹ȥģ̫ڡ
ӢܻȺһۣʱҲվȥһ˱һҾǳеĵλҸεգ빲ֵܣӢнգҲȫѪƴۣûʲôͳֵֻܣֻѣôӢҲΨйлˡ
ôһ˵һںúվһҾȻԻ
Ӣܴʱž뿪λ˵ܯ֮ϵǰȻ˫߾ٹͷȻڵϣһƣҾҳɷֵܡ
һŮƣӢ־ڵϣҾڶľ֮Ϊ˱ңֵܡ
˵ӢܾƣȴҪλǰλֵܣǾ̩ɽɵǰ۹ǰ׺װ֮λֵܣǶڷ⹷֣֮Ӣܽ췢ģһҪǱ𡣡
˵žֽƵڵ档
˵⻰ȴһƬ֮ȴ²̩ɽɵӣӢͿǰϰԶز뵽̩ɽʮֻʣβݣնĵȴһֹѪӺʵ̩ɽ֮ҡ
꣬Ӣ֮ͬ󣬾ͿʼֱɣһЩĽƽԵ׽ҲæƣѶ¶͡պհ³ҲΧˣв֮ġ
ӢܼôͬľɲѣиˣҲһݣƵģ߲ܣôȷãûãҲЩ⡣
ɵļӺ꣬ͼһˣžףĵͳ㻹ʶ𣿡
ӢܶһʱЦŵ֣㰡ô᲻ϵá
ԭ˾ǵӢܳӦ츮ڿջĹ飬ʱ˻̸ͶԵڶҲȥıУμյı׳ѡһֱûмˣӢܼˣȻӡ
ǹӢһھͽгԼ֣ǴΪ벻㻹ǵң벻ͳﻹǵҡ
ӢܴЦļ磬˵˾ףһھµ֣ҾȸΪˡ
Ӣܺ޼ӣ˷ܣæҲһʱƽҲӢҪӭȥȴͳһεҲ֪˵˵
Ӣܱ֣ʲôֱ˵
ղϺ͸ĺúƣȴи˲Ծ
ӢܵŶôԾ
Ϊ˵Լǡ׷ӥͯѧ־
ӢܳɷĽúǧˣȻأ֮࣬ӢȻ޷һһʶһ磬ûоϸ飬ֻɡƽﱨ֮ǵͳѾˣԾҲֻܽڽʱûдǹ֦֮ĶҪ֪Ӣǵľ֣Ӣܸ嶾壬֣˭Ҫͽд̣Ѱ·ˡ
Ӣܵͯѧ־ô
˵˻ˣ˵ͯѧ־ʹ󲻶ˣҪ֪ͯѧ־ǸڽϵҲ󣬿ǺͼҸȴѣҼһʱѾزҼңǼҸֶ֮ģٳ֣ǻ𣿡
ӢˣҲһݵ˵ͯѧ־Ǳðġ
˵ͷ˳úͯѧ־ǲ࣬ټͯѧ־ڽ¶治࣬ǰֻҲټҪǰһأӦúס


 030
Ӣܵã˵Ǹͯѧ־ҪָҲҪ¶
Ӧһ͵һɫڶԱߣһŻɫӵˣͷİ׷Ӧúܺϡ
Ӣܾװĳ˵ķƳȥȻһ˪ߣƺЩˣǷ֣һİ׺ӣ촽°ʹȫסˡ
Ӣܵã֣ˣ֪кͼǳǳʵģһʱʱ⣬лˣ㻹߰ɣɡ
ӦǣȻ߿ˡ
ʱƽѾߵӢܵߣӢܾһߴЦƣһȴƳǰ׷ߵĶȴڿԼƺڵȴʲô
Ӣһƽֹ֮˼̩ɽɵʹȻ뿪ǰ׷ߵߣƣȺת˺һ¹ȥȴװѾӣͷؽᣬҡҡλΣ˺Ⱦơ
ʱǰ׷߾Ͷž׹ǻڸӢܾƵȺУľ׿ˣͺȻĽ˹ȥͳҾ㣬ϡ
һ˵һ߾кԱߵһŮơ
ӢȻڴЦŴӦȴע׷ߵһһȴڹŮƵʱָ׼̽˾֮лһΣȻ͵ݸӢܣԼҲһףͳһʹʹĺȥ
ʱӢȴһ
ǰ׷һ㶣ͳĪ㿴Ϸ򣿡
ӢܹЦҡͷǿǷǳǰ֮زʶȻҲҵľƣʵ̫ˣյģҺľףҵľס
˵⻰ȻһģǾˮʱһ׷ߵ촽ȥ
׷ɫһ䣬΢һ粻бϥ䣬Ӿֱֱȥ
Ӣܽһá
Ѿ۳ץļͷǰ߽һ࣬һСϮȴǱΪʽ
ӢԴңȥ֮󣬼ûʲôʹʹĽ֣׷ֻóУ仯ٶȣҪһ֮У¸صҲδʤùˡ
Ǻ棬벻ңʡ֮ڻĸ֣ʵ֪ǺźɣӱۻƣУǰ׷߾ȻʾС
ϵˣڣϲӢܻ˶ʼΪдգ˶ʮ֮༤ѹ裬ΧϵľƲ˾ҷɣ֪涯֣ʱмúҪսţӢܶԸǰ׷ߡ
ӢܴʱԽԽľΪ׷ʽѾɣ뷽Щơ
һ뵽ǣ͸ǴŴˣȴ뷽ǵǲֻ࣬ķ֣ݵķǴྶͥͷüëӶְֳס٣޷ϸϸֱ档
ǰӢܱ˭ҲҪ֣Ը
ôһ˵˾ͲǰȴΧһȦӣѡ
ƺӢܾòʽøҪƵˣԼܹȥ
ȻӢԽԽоȻһЩɵѧԼಫ仯·ȴ뷽ǼƣһƲ飬ƣָɽָ׷߹ȥ
ӢõģǡʽеĵʽŭξѩȫʽŭΡΪʽѩΪʽ滹ʮ·仯ֹõ˾ڿ˱ѩ֮Уѷ
ʱǰ׷Ҳƻƻһƻ裬ȻǰͬʱָȴȻԼƵӰӢܵľ
Ӣܼ״ʱһǣȻ㡣
ԭǰ׷õľǡʽ֮רƽ⡰ŭξѩһʽġˮСһʽõ죬仯ݣ£Ҳֻзһ˿ˡ
Ӣôһȣǰ׷߹Ȼ¶˾֮ɫȻ˫бľȴǰȴһСʽȫġ¡̫׷ַӹ֣ӢҲдԺһ
׷߾ҪһӺȻڿն𣬾ҪԾȺ⡣
ȻԾ֮ȺȻһƮȻ𣬵ĳһƣһƻûе׷ߵĸǰź죬棬ɽ֮ơ
׷ߺһӲһƣһͷֻֻصӢǰæͷһȴ˴ŰɫۣĿʣԨͣţ
ʱѾߵ˰׷ߵ󣬳ǣ˺üëˣԾ
ǰ׷߷һ㶣Ȼ̾һĽ˰ɫļٷ˺˰ü׺ʱ˱òȻ˲٣˲٣Ƿֻ˭
ңʡĶУһڽ˼ŭн̬֮
ӢĬĬŷǣûκεı飬ƽĵǣ㻹ʲô˵
ҧӢܣҵһУϧҲɱ㡣
ӢܺȻһЦǣһһУ⻰Ӻ˵𣿡
Ҫ㣬ҲߵһҲ죬һ𾴵̩ɽţ㣬ңҲҪ㡣
Ӣҡҡͷǣ֪֪ҺûڣİŹ㣬Ϊֻѭʦѵֻһ֮ûһɱ㣬ǰǰ׺װ֮ĺúʿҲ֣֪֪ҰģĲ̣๼
ǻܣ֪Ѿң̾һ벻ҷѾ˼Լ֣ǧҵ˶Ը嶾ҩͷǹһ壬ˣˣţ壬㻹ְɡ
Ӣ֮ܵ磬ȷֵֻϧ첻㣬ðˣǣɡ
˵žƣҪ֡
ʱȴһֵܶţ֮ҪףϲǰʵڲմȾñ㶯֡
䣬һ˵ͳ£Ͱɡ
Ӣܻͷһȴǰ¶ͣʱѾγǹ͵˵ͷҲã¶ͣ
ʱѾⷴķӢƺûעԼȻһٴԾ
ȻӢܶʵ̫˽⣬Ȼ˵ŻһֱŴ˵ĶǸһҲӰΰڿնȥʱֶһˣȴ
ӢԼͬĶĳһƣͬʱ֣ƶľǽǼм䣬ɱܣǰ󱻸һƣʱۡһһѪڿȻߵķݰˤڵϣѾǽǾϣǴ޽ɣҲˡ
ӢҲӰҵ£˻ֵ¶ͣȥˣһϣʲôûУ
¶ʹӦһͽѾһϢķ˳ȥ˶ãǹ촫ѾǻС
ȵôϯƣ¶;˽ȴһɫСƿӢܣͳ£ҴǸ˵ҳ
ӢܽӵУƿһȴһЩɫķĩҲ֪ǲǷ˵ĶԸԼ嶾ҩһף˰뱭ƣȻ󽫷ĩȫڽ⣬ž͵˵ϡ
һ˺ȾƵȻûмһֱҹŸԾ˶ء
ص䣬ӢҲЩˣպհ³£׼˯ȴţ򿪣ֻθɫһɫ£һŮе档
Ƶ棬ӢҲһ㶣Ϊңʡȥķףڳǰǲɷ棬û뵽ȻԼˡ


 031
Ӣܷ㶣΢΢һЦӢܣôӭ
Ӣѹס⣬Ͻ棬ô˵
һ˵һ߰ãȻ¹š
мԲӢܵ棬ʲô𣿡
澲ȴԽԽᣬӢܣ˵ж೤ʱûôһˣ
Ӣһ̾˰ɡ
˵ͷǵúԴңҰְֱʼѾˡ
Ӣ뵽Լ֮뵽ܵʱҲLԼļѣ뵽ԼλʧҲǰٰԣֻ֣ѹֱϣ棬ҶԲ㡣
˵仰һɣȻңʱҲ˵Ļ޷ȥһֱƽ͵ʱ˵⻰ǺҪ飬ֻصLʼؽḶֱǰЩӽǴӻҲûкദл˵ˡ
ûȥһԼ֣ѹţţȴѾʪˣӢܣҪ˵Բң̫ˣҲò㣬Ҳ顣
ӢܵⶼҵĴˡ
ȴʹҡҡͷⲻ㣬ĲӦù㣬Щһֱ˼⣬վĽǶȣԼҲģֻǱƭǸˣȴӦҰֺе
Ӣô˵ȻһЦͷȡ£óһƤУȻȡһֽ棬㿴ʲô
һȴֽþּдһ֡ǲǷޣΪ˱˲ȥҲеڶˡ
ӢܳL֮ǰԼĵݸġ
ʱһӢܣԭֽ㻹š
Ӣܵ˵ͷ΢ЦŵȻҪţ棬֪֪ʱҿֽжжҲ֪Ѿԭˡ
ҧҧӣϷһ˿Σͷʵں֤ʱҾͺˣǡַŲ˵ڡ
ӢܺȻַԼĦţ棬ûϵһţǻһԶһ𡣡
̲סһӾ˵ӢܵĻŵӢܣ֪֪⼸ж㣬ൣ㣬ÿ϶Ҫƽ£Сʲô⣬һڵҪһԭԼġ
Ӣû˵ΪʱѾ촽ӡӣ֮ϡ
ĻӦǿҵģ˱ݣ⣬˱סӢܣһ̣Ѿص浺Ǹϣֻ볹׵׵ӵжԷ
ӢһԵı浽˴ϣ£⿪֣һѩ׶еԵ鷿ôļͦô˻ûκεǺӢΪ
ʱӢܵߣĻ磬ȼաӢᳵ·ؽȥĵ׿㣬Ҳһ·£һůİʼѹȥĳЩֿʼͣţɢġȵζʼЩɢµʱӢܵȴѸٵɨߣɷ˵ؽȵϡһϢĽУиѾõˡ
ȼţమڽţȵڱ˴š
֮󣬴Ϣ֮ƽȴſӢܵϣŵӢܣûȻʱ㡭㡭
ӢỬɢͷһǵ棬ǱӦһ𣬱ˣҵĵһӣһԶǸʯݾҵ龰
뵽Լ˳ҵҩӢǰȱʯѿ컵ĽϣʱκǰҴ𻰡
һ̧ͷӢܵӢܣˣ㻹һŵ
Ӣܵʲôŵ
㲻˱ɣ
ӢôǸƯԵСħŮȻ滹һЩϲԼһʮŮŲ˼룬ӢŴѧ飬ЩûԼϵҲѾʶ˱кӣԼˡ
ЦһЦôˣûдѻص㿴
ûֱӻش𣬶ǵӢܣ֪֪˵ҽֻҵңȻȥɱְ֣һģһ㣬һʧ
ӢܶԸǳһԣָҰҺ޵СҲһͬһ򣬵֪ԼĶʱ飬޷ܵġ
Ӣ̾һҲãӦԼҸӦúһһֻкһ𣬶ҡõѡ񡣡
ǲǺͱкһҲ֪ĿǰӢʿѧλ˵Ҫңʡף˵ҪģʱԼɡ
ô˵ӢܺҲþûмˣ˵ҪҲһϲôû
ǻܸϵɣģܻǼġ
˵ȴӢܣҿҪ
ӢҲ֪Լʮֲף˵ͷã棬ǻһ𣬵һҾķ
ʱѾ£´ףԶʱȻһЦȻӢܵ촽һǣðӢܣұ֤ʱһᣬƯġ
Ӣܵ棬ʵƯ˵ѾҪˣֻҪҵһ𣬾˰׷ԲԵ̫ţҲϲ
һ˵һ߾Ҫȥ
ȴסϹӸϣȻһǣӢܣ˾ƣղ֡һƣˣúϢ
ӢܸŮ˵Ҳů󣬵˵ͷĿ뿪ıȻL·ǳ֣ǣļѾʵǿ԰ĵ˯һˡ
***********************************************************֮󣬻ʽУһжңʡĴͳף˰ӢܴϺɫñϴѣϸͷƺƵĸһȺˣǰȥۻӭףõĵط·ڹȥסġܻ˹ˡۻ⣬׶ͳˣһк͹ȥĻʼͬǣ죬ǰǹŮʻ·žŻƽ׵־棬Щ־м䣬ϵŴ񻨵ķԸվòõŮ
֮ȴʮ̵Ĵ󳵣޳أӦޣ棬ѩҶٻҲһˡ
ûãѾˡܻ˹ǰͣ£Ӣ˺ճ׵ľ飬͸Ͻȥ֮£ϵĹŮ͵һмϵźĺȻƿһŸͷϼȵŮӳǴϼǿӢҲϾȥϸ˭ֻ編ƣһǣӣԶԶ붡ȺЦţǱȵͳԺ⡣


 032
̤ĺ̺ˡܻ˹Ĵ֮ڣʱһִ졣
ʱʱɹȥ񲿵һʮ꣬뷢׵ĹԱֻ񣬹˺ðɣӢǣźɹŮ¥ϵ·ȥ
֮Ůǹ֮ӢܵһȻҪ֮Ըļƻֻ֮ңʡʮ죬ǰԼЩǣȻһȥɽеĺȣæһ˳ȥ治֪ʲôʱйˡ
·֮Уȴ˫ϲ裬ϵ˺һ˵ϲ
ŮڴͷûķȻͺЦȥȻ·֮š
ȵŮһߣӢܾЦϵźĳƸߵŴͷǰ棬ǿɵúúģ˭Ҳ˯
һ˵һóƸǸͷʱ֮䣬һǧĵͳӢܵǰ
٣壬ü紺ɽһ˫ˮӣţݺ㣬ѩףϣϼ亮
Ӣһ򾲣̩ɽǰ治ɫ֮磬ʱ۾ɴˣһƨڵ¡
ǰģ棬һԼƺϤˡ
Ӣʧᣬ㣬ô㡣
ȷᣬƵı飬ӢѵһĳԾ̬֮ʱ߲ꡱһЦ˳Ȼң㱾ӣΪʲôҪټһΡ
Ӣᣬȴ겻˲٣ü˼ԣ˼ֳģһ˶ǱҲضáҪôԼϵһ֣Լʵ̫Խˡ
ʱ̲סǣҺ͡
̽Ļͷ˹ͽѾ˻飬ԲԣӢܣ㣬ͽ㶼ϵˣǲǰְְŵ˸ǰǶȥ˰𣿡
Ӣܻȥ龰ȷŵһȫ˸ǵģһֱһţĻʱȻ򣬵ðԭ֤Ǽٵġ
˵ͷȻǼٵģְͿǷŲģôˣʵڿϧҲйϵôһУ鷳һξһλҲýʡһʼװ
һϯӢѾȻѾ󣬵ɽ׸ģƣˬʵӿûб仯͸ɴߣʲôʱ֪ġ
Ҳûжãϴΰְֵ￪ʱ˵ġ
ӢǰΪʲôᵽԼݼ£йһ仰˵»֮ҹһƯ⻰Ĳ٣棬ȷҪƯһЩ
Ӣᣬᣬ˵㲻ǺܺңҺʧ𣿡
˭֪Ტرܣ̧ͷ¸ҵȻǸƭӣʳңɱְ֣źͽɵףҺ㣬ʱĺˣƬͳͳˡ
Ӣܵ˵ͷӦôˣȷֵߣӦикӡ
ȻΪʲôҵǰ֣
Ӣһ㶣ǰ֣ЩҶLṳ̂Ӣһ硣
һ㵱Ȼṳ̂Ӣһ磬ϡϡֽϵƬ𣬺ҵﶼõ
ӢӦ˵Դڱ俪ʼ͵̨ý۽ʱ䣬ͳ˷ˣҪ벻һýԵ
ῴнᣬҧһӣУ˵ӦикӣǺðҽһͱСɾͱģھȥ޸
Ӣܻ겻ʮ꣬Կۣ֮۹Žʷ϶ңԼкӣʵڲ֪ûС
Ӣܲ˵ˣȻȭؿϴһµƭӣʵͰҵƭˣ˺Ƭ޷ԼĴԣװ㣬Ͳбˣ绰ҲίʱҲǱƲѣҾ׼ԭ㣬˵˽⣬ĸŮˣлһ㣬ҪӴԺˣǡǣ̲ס㣬̲ס㵣ģҡҡ
Ӣû˵ȥ־ͽסᣬҪ˵ˣһɣһһ𡣡
ʱһ˳ӰĻ⼸Һն㡢㣬ý㡢ٻһֱһǶҶܺãӢܣԸңԶů
Ӣܼ粨ֳŸԣӣ΢΢ҫһӨ⣬ĺͷ֮ʱȻǸԼӡǸԵŮЩԥ
޷ԥˣΪỬ۵ӣѾӭܾúܾһ
Ӣȥ˼ּ飬ȴ˼´档
֮У˵˴ϣɴ
չ¶Լѩ׵ĽӢҲǲȻĶһ˫Ů۵ѩ壬˶ŭͦɫ״͵ԶƷԲ׶ι⻬ɫӨףʹ⻬ϸܣλʮֵͦȳƣϵʺϸСԲʶĿһгӣң˫鵯ʮ㣬ĴԴޱȵ΢
Ӣӣɬ۵ģֻϧûģȷˣʣ壬ѾһŮˡ
ȻǳļѣӢû뵽ǣ԰ƺ裬ʽǳϣҲڲ԰Ŀ֡
ȴȡ˲֪ʲôʱİԼһŵȿ˿žͺһؿڵãá
͵ݸӢܡ
Ӣһȴѩ׵˿ϵѪ֤ڡ
ӱסӢܣĲӵӢܣҿ˵еŮӵһʱûģԼôù㲻ңڷ
ӢЦԽСɵϡ
һ̣ƺְǸƤԵСѾͷ
Ȼ߲ꡱһЦ
ӢܼһЦЩ˼̬֮ᣬЦʲô
ӢܣûпAƬ
ӢܵȻУҶ𻪵ĵʵ͵͵˲٣û뵽Ȼʳ룬ǵ˵ͷʵʵĵ
ҲӢܣ֪֪ҺŮͬסһƽʱͦģЩۣܰûӲ廰ȡЦ
Ӣȫܹ⣬ӢĵطŮѧǷǳɿŵģǸõŮӣ벻ӰͲܣҲһЦֲáֲá
ֲʲô
Ӣܽϣ˵һ䡣
ʱǺ־ļͷЩʽ֪ģȻûôôˡ
˵ȴӣҲӢܵĶϵӢܣ˵㲻Цҡ
Ӣ̵ã˵ҲЦǡ
ĵӢܣ֪֪ÿһκǿЩƬӣҶ㣬Ҳֻ㣬ܳΪΨһǡ
һ䣬˼۵⣬ӢܵĶ΢΢һ¡ƺAƬĵʽ
ӢĻбһȣôһȴҡһѱסᣬѹԼ£ҪúAƬһЩУЩ£ɬģᣬԺԼһȤˡ
ѾȻͣԹӰ죬ֻϵӢܣһֱѹԼʱİ˶ֻһ֣ܿӢѹ£ӣӭӡס촽
鼤֮ʱȴ洫һ󼱴ٵ
»֮ҹ˹ͷȻɷ羰Ӣ򶨣Ҳûĺȵ˭ʲô˵
Ȼûͣһһ˵ͳ£Lˡ


 033
ӢܴʱѾѶLˡһһݣȫæҴҴѣš
Ѷʱһصվ⣬Ӣ̵ܳͳ£Ҹոսӵרߵ绰н
Ӣܵ˵ʲôˡ
ѶٵĵһСʱǰSȻںѷʡ߾ά򣬲ɱռά򣬶һǰƽS㷢ͨ磬˵Ҫոѷʡ
ӢһѷʡS磬ǰΪй֮Sսܣѷʡͳ׹LˣSҲĬһȴû뵽Ȼѣɱᡣ
ʱͷѾ侲SĹֻL֮һȻǿLϱս֮ʱҲǰƣLϱͳһȫ𲽽죬Sˣʵһ߼顣
MһMڸ
ӢжϣΨһԽ͵ɣMLصսԣ˵ʲôӢѶҴҳˡܻ˹ˡۻһʡ¶ʹʱѾ
ӢܽӭǰܶSĺȻ֣һMڱʹͨսȨ
Ӣܵ˵ͷûMSûӵģ֣ұϻȥˡ
ҲͷǵȻѾպհ³ȥ˳ˣϾҲȥͽʶ
ڣӢ±һˣҲһϲ΢΢˼ʵ磬ѾˣҪѲһ溶䡣
һЦڰˣǳ֣溶һڸܲˣɷŴҵŮ
Ӣһֵλȥ׼һЩߣֿʯǳ⣬֪ҰְûС
ʵãҸװһЩ
һ˵ţһ߳ȥԸȥȡȥˡ
ûһպհ³ʹӢһŪףʱ
ӢȻᵢһһ룬ʸĸǣԼһңʡһʱ䣬ƽϢᰲȫһЩ
***********************************************************֮źеͳ칫ҡ
ոջӢϽΧһ
ӢܳϽ˵˵⼸
Ͻ˵ͷɫЩȻͳ£ܲãSĵõ˴MԮִװмʱָҾĵλҾǳĲأѷʡвһ߿֧ţһܺͻᱻͻơ
ӢܾĬһ󣬲ŵM˲սûУ
ϽĿǰûз֣ҽӵ鱨MɿվӵľӢܸĻݣڽڽMMҲSһЩ˸죬Ƚս֪ǵġ졯һܷܲסЩһ
Ӣԣʱ˸׵Ļ˵սĲȫ족еĻʽǳС޷Ըģжʱһ
Ҳһֱ˼˵MһǾ˷ǳܵļƻSǶһߵ÷ǳĺãΪ˫֮ӻչĿǰĶ˵ǲԮģһǳM˴󶯸ɸĽڣֻǽȥ˵뻪ͻҲԸ⿴ʤһǻ֧Mģ˫Ʋãпܻս
Ӣܵ˵ͷƻ쵼˲ǻڴչھãչľûδգǲðսķյģԾҹƣֻһЩϵ֧Ԯľ޷ָˡ
Ͻͳ£㿴Ǹô죿
ӢܵǵװȻȽһЩǵľȴҪһЩǱսȺǽһ֣УֻһǾǱӲƴʿ¾װȫת£˽г־õλսһSMҪռLȫҪصĴۡ
ӲƴλսȻΨһİ취ܶһǧҪСģM֧SֵĿģҪƷȨһϵһЩLڷ⻼ٵ̨УҪд̣M쵼ߣһǺ֮ǵġ
Ӣܵ˵ͷǣһСġ
˵⻰һϽеľָӣ֪ͨҲżϵչ쵼˵Ԯ
˽ŵһܹȥˣϽϣSľMLӵжȫָƣܹȷҪĿ꣬LľʮֲأֻܺˣѷʡѾȫʧء
һܵսУվ˾˹нָLʣĶʽսSĿվοսȻʤսĵֻʮˡ
ӢܴʱѾõȷе鱨SѾMʮսһȺȥݵMվԱѾSĿվأվҪս
ֻ֪ҪʮսһLƿȨͻȫʧȥɭԿڶľֻ֣Լ;ӣֻתˡ
һ磬Ӣȥ˸ڵսоأô̵ʱ䣬˼޷ɶʽսЩսѾٵòˣѾӢ֮ء
о˼оңȴżۻ
Ӣܽ˼æǰϸĿһ󣬲ŵܶˣʱǲѹر󣿡
ӢܵȻܲܣΪһж׼ſֽŷչLľʱȴһжҪҷĽ֣Ǹе̫ź֪Լλһ֣ȫ͹M
Ը̫ģֻǵ֣ģû¡
˵һĲ԰ף˫вѪ˿֪жû˯ˣʱһʹ֣ˣǺMʵ̫㲻Ҫôˣҵõ鱨SMɹսڽھҪμսˣ㻹ǺúϢҲʱǾҪת¡
˼ȴ¶һϲɫҡҡͷܶǻһᡣ
Ӣ֪ײ˵Ծһ񣬵ʲô᣿
˼ܶңʡǳ棬սϣҲ𵽺ܴõġ
Ӣܵ˵ҲоȻܹܿһߣҲ޷֣ǶȴһĴԣƻǵܣ޷á
˼ҡͷô˵ʮһֱоηɻͿϵĲʣмܹԵģѾ˽⼸ֲˣܲںһܹܶôҿԸ㣬㽫õϢĵκһ䣬ûκһҸˡ
Ӣԣдϲ֣еô
˼ʱ䣬ܶϵηɻܰ㣬ҲұԸҲܹʵˡ뿪һ𰸡
һ˵ţͲӢܣȴһȥ
Ӣûٴ߳оңպհ³еĳӡ
׼ͳУеĵ绰ȴˡ
Ӣ¶͵ͳ£һҪҪ㱨֪ܲһ£ϸ˵
ӢŰ¶͵Ŀأã
¶͵Ҿ
Ӣ֪˵ָľѵأźеӦһֻ˾ǰͷŵպհ³ϵȥ


 034
һСʱ֮󣬾͵ľѵأһصΧǽ顱ǹȴһЩļ¾ڽѵӢܸ¶µѵһЩ׳꣬ΪпܾҪλս׼
¶ʹһȺپ͵ڻصſڣӽӭ
Ӣ˳Ҳ£԰¶͵¶ͣʲô£
¶Ϳͳ£ץסˣǴˣһʶ
ӢܵŶ˭
¶ЦЦ֪ˡ
һ˵ţһӢǰһոµĴ¥ȥǾѵأ޷ˣպհ³ʮݣǹ׼ͳ¥£Լֻ˸Ӣܵ
˴¥ײ¶ӢܽһݣȴһСα뺷ľ죬𷢱۵ϡ
Ȼ˴ͷɥӢһ۾ϳ˭ˣɵõ˹ŵǡ
ԭMLعҲӢȥMǩЭ飬ֻǺͲ֪ˣȴ档
¶͸Ӣܶһȣһڳλǰ£ȻǱźУ׼߻һĴɱжҵ˷ˡ
ӢҲ֪MᶯԼԽһڿȣ΢΢һЦ𡢵˹ŵжCIAҲ̫С˰ɡ
ʱȴǿ̧ͷӢܣȻˣ֪֪ʵLԸ˻ࡣ
ӢܵȻڶʮͳҲвٵţźиȥϳȫϵЩˡ
ҡͷ̾һӢܣҺ͵˹ŵLҲˣǳϤʵô̵ʱھƷڶҶ̲סҪ㣬һǻ۳Ⱥˣû뵽Ȼôʶ̧٣ὫҹЭ鹫ҲԼеҿһǳ޴Ϊɱûʲô𡣡
һûʱˮӢҲȷЩˣ˿ȣð¶ֶһŵ֪֪Mȱ㣬Ҳ˷еʲô
һЦȴûлش
Ӣܵòһ˵ţ˵Ҫ֮Ϊˣ֪֪M˾ܵģҲ磬ӢܵҲôá
Ȼһġû˵ڣȻеһͷǣӾһ¡
Ӣ˵ûйжʱһؿȴֻûʲô
ʱȴ¶ߵպհ³󣬺Ȼͳǹպհ³ͷ˰պհ³ȫû뵽ûκεķӦ˵ڵءӢܵƲԣҪǹ¶͵Ķε֮죬ǹ׼ȷĴǵü֮ϡ
ǹϸ΢ټѵܼǹõ
˵ıҸӢ벻ĵһӦͳڻһ΢ǹֱ۾ͬ˩סȫٲˡ
ʱе˰γǹ׼ӢܣһȴͳԿף˿ĵ˹ŵ
Ӣܵ޷ȴŵڵͷѪպհ³촽Ѿˮ
Ϊʲô
ûȥ¶ͣȴʳһ䡰Ϊʲô
һԼСֵܳһԼһֱεֵܳڲͣѪһĵζûܹ֪Ĵʱжʹ
¶ҲޱȵĽţѳǱ΢ǹȴҧȥش
ӢĬĬĵΪ𣿡
¶ͺȻ̾һӢܣ֪֪㵽ȥ˭أ
Ӣбײһ£һ¶ͣѵ㲻֪Ҵûк𣿡
¶͵Ȼ㵱ȻΪͲһֱ櫵ֻ㣬еӢۣأֻһСǰʲôǵС󡣡
Ӣ¶ͣûаҵֵܡ
¶ҧҧž͵ֵܣҲֵܣС㶼㣬ʲôģֻӰӣֵܡ
ӢһᣬܺãܺãȻҲֵܣҪܶˣ¶ͣҷʲô
¶ȴЦǷǸҵģΪڴ֮ǰ˵ҲԸ㣬͸ƿҩۣ˵һѪҺԽеĶֻҪҩۣѪҺͻᷢӦ̣ٲκεҸһ룬ȴһ룬кЧ˵ʵڴϵĳ֣ԽԽˡ
Ӣܵ¶ͣҪɱңӦ̫ĻᣬΪʲôҪڲŶ֡
¶͵Цˣǰɱ㣬ҵȻᣬӢܣ˵㻹̫ļֵȻҪϣҪǿһдϰĵӣҰ첻Ĵ£Ҫ֪Ҳֻһʹûɱ֣ҪһУҶҪ㣬Ҫǰҿ·ңֻҪȣȻɾˡ
Ӣû˵ʱѾ޻˵Ҳ˵
ʱǿȴߵӢܵǰ΢ЦŵӢܣλֲĴˣ㣬ж֮ǰѾǵ쵼ֱϵˣǵ쵼ѾӦڳ㣬Ȼ߸Ȩ֮󣬾ͷֲ¶ΪLͳΪִܸɣټѾһĵӣҪǷǳʶʱҪѰҵѡ
ſô˵¶͵Ҳֳ쳣˷֮ɫǰǰֻһûĿɱ֣ȻлͳʵһԼе˼飬ѾúܽˣΪҲţM쵼ҪһLһLͳģԼȫM쵼ġ
ӢܵԽԽܣףԼˡ嶾š嶾֮Ѿ˸ı䣬ղŰ¶˵ģѪҺ볣˲ͬµķĩ˷¿û££ѪҺѧӦʹѪҺͨв˳޷ͨ֫ٺҲ˵һˡ
ӢѾоԽԽľԽԽأǿſ¶ͣΪʲôɱңǲ᷸ġ
¶ͺһȴû˵
˿ǿӢܣ¶͵Ȼɱ㣬һ˲ĸף㡣
ӢܵȻͷȻѣ˼һ󣬵ĵM쵼ңҸ׻صMΪǷ񡣡
˵ͷ㸸׶ǵĹһǳҪ㣬ֻҪ뿪LûʲôϵˣľӽʧܣȨһţ˶þ͵ʱҪɰ¶ʰоˣӦ齨һȫµһܹMѺõ
˵һֱڴڴ¥¶ĵ˹ŵ˹ŵϵֱɻ
˹ŵӦһͳ˵绰
ʱֶӢܵӢܣʽ㷸ƻƽɱ˹ȥϲƽڱҹȽѺ͵ҹȻɹʾ·ͥС
ӢֻЦȴû˵֪ǾϴνԼȥǩЭһһ׼һܿԷԶ̵ķɻֱɻ¥䣬ȻԼȥܷͣɻĵطʮСʱͽMľڡԼ£ͷӦ
ѾһΪףֻҪMMԼӣܵϼӿܣĸжɱ֣޷ȵˡ
ӢһУȴûбֻźƷڶȨ̤Lʱû뵽ܻǣźǶԲԼеӣһεɷһֻ޾ʹˡ
ʱƳѪ֮еպհ³Ȼ£Ȼպհ³Լཻʱ䲢εգԼĹֵܣΪԼٱζɡ
ûãˡ䡱һֱɻ˶¥
¶ͻ˻֣˹סӢܣ׼¥̧Ӣ֪¶ҲȥMԼL͹ûб׵߸֮ǰǲһġ


 035
Ȼʱȴһաǹ澯ѵǹһԶǹġ
¶ɫһ䣬һߵ˴ڱƣһͳֻͨһʲôˣ
ֻмٵ¶һͷſӢܵƺʲô壬ҵ¥ǽս
ҲˣЩŵĵôᣬôܣô˷֣
¶żڲǲ²ʱһ֪ͨϽǣٲߣͻᱻΧˡ
һ˵һ߻֣żӢܣһ˾Ŷ¥ȥ
Ƕ¥ֱɻѾ䣬¶ʹӢܣ𼰵˹ŵȥһС͵ֱɻôˣ¶͵Ҳ޷ˡ
żֱɻҪɣһ֪ͳѾֻ·һҪǿ¶ͺɵĶ׼žһǹ
ѪһѾ浹˵ϡ
⼸ҪôڶĲвҪôǰ¶ļͼ֮ͽ¶˾飬Ҫ׷װǹ¶ǻᣬһ䣬ÿһǹ׼ȷдЩ˵ͷ϶ʱֶʬ塣
¶͵ĺ˹ŵԼͬĶһη֮ɫֻøЦŵ¶ÿǹ׼ǹ
ڻ֮УֱɻѾϣϷȥ׼ķɻһũׯֻҪ˷ɻһСʱܹɳLǾ㳹װȫˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣϷ˲ʮӣϾͳܴŻڵװֱɻڿٵ߿£
¶ɫʱ䣬úÿ졣
Ҳ̵ӵ˷ֵģһʲô©˷¶ͣһµˡ
¶Ҳҧ˵ЩѾûˣ£ֻҪӢУǾͶЩ˶ӢܶǾУǲκΣյġ
ǵļƻܱ䣬Ϸɻǲҷġ
ʱȴֱɻԱλϵ˹ŵתϵǣҪͨҪҪ
ãǽЩʲô
˹ŵŪһ£ϽϽ¶ͣҪͨҪͨ
˿Ӣܶİ¶ͣ¶㻹ǻشһ£ǵҪ󡣡
¶ͳĬһ󣬾ʹӵ˹ŵнӹ˶Խǰ¶ͣϽʲô˵
Ͻ¶͵̵¶ͣͳôأ
¶ĵģӢܻš
Ͻֵ¶ͣ㻹ûģͳ㵱õֵܣίΣȻ
¶͵Ͻֵز˵Щ˵Щʵʵġ
ϽһȻã¶ͣҪֱ̽ɻͳҿ㱣֤˶¡
¶ͺȻЦϽˣֻΪһֻҪӢܣҾͻû£еӣЩװֱɻڰԡ
ϽҪͳȥ
¶͵ȥMҲᱣ֤ʱûΣյģҲڵ¿ą̊́
ϽȻŭ¶ͣ¼ɵСˣǻ᲻úġ
¶һЦúϽȵԼɣLľӾͿˣӢܵȨҲҪ군ˣ㣬ܿͻΪͨսӢһܹʷͥС
ʱȴһŮ˵¶ͣ櫣𣿡
¶櫵ʱĬ֮󣬲ŵ櫣֪ῴңҾô
櫵¶ͣΪҲֻҪӢܣҴӦ㣬ߣһӶ뿪㣬֪˵㻰ġ
¶ȴ̾һ櫣ˣȥҳΪӢܣڲͬˣΪѾһɱ֣վ˱һߵĸ߶ȣĸ߶ȣҹȥζûģĳһŮ˶˵ѾҪˣҾһ𣬵ȴԶӢܣһܣ櫣ֻ֪ҲӢܲӢܹͳҰ¶һԣóÿġ
櫵Ȼˣ¶ͣˣȥüжҪӢܣˣ벻㻹Ầ쵰
¶ؿЦҾֻ֪һӢܣ櫣ʵ㲢֪ҵûˣ̫ƯŮˣֻҪͳʲôòǣӢǾȹң
Ű¶櫶ʱ˵ˡ
ʱִϽ¶ͣҪӳȥ㻹ͳΨһĳ·Ҫͳͨȷţһװֱɻ̹Ƭ
¶ʹϢһȴԽŵӢܵߣӢܣ֪㻹˵Ͻ׷Ҿһǹ㡣
˵⻰ͽǹ׼Ӣܵš
ӢԴֱɻʼŬĵϢȥǿ޷תҲȻʱս˶ԽϽҡ
Ͻʱ˷ͳ£㻹š
ӢܵǵģһţϽһִС
Ͻ̵ǣͳ·Ը
ӢһֺܼᶨһţͲҪð¶ǵķɻ뿪
ִϽǣͳ£ףð¶ͷɳLյġ
¶û뵽Ӣܻ˵ĻܻĶĶԽǹͷһƵӢܣ಻ţĻһǹ㡣
ӢһЦȴ˳Ūţ¶ͣҲɱңǸɵϣ벻ˣ㽫úѿɱңɱûʲô¶ͣ᲻ģԲԣ
¶ͽǹڶӢܣ¶ɱؿڲͣĴϢţһǹȴٳٲȥ
ӢϵķӦһЦȻ𡢵˹ŵҲCIAѡľӢˣҲᣬҲԼӶˣǿϧ
ϳһЩǵ˹ŵȴס죬ס졣
ӢܲûǼ֪˶ǿصģΪ˱ͶòɳܣǼǲѧϰձʿɣΪMǵнˮƴ𣿡
˹ŵû˵ȴֱɻķԱŵĵ˵ûʲôΣյģôLֻΪǮҲҪǮˣֻҪ뿪ôС
һû˵ãŵӢܣȷҵǵˣҵӺƯӣȷƴ
˹ŵʱҲǣǣһǰ¶͵й©ģֲǣ˽CIAˣܱûǿ
¶û뵽ӢͰѿ˵ĶˣɰЩûеУܷӢܣΨһĻᡣ
û˵ﶼ˵ܽӢܴȥֻһжʧܣҲеΣ˾ͲһˣӢMĵʱպͳ壬Լ˿ɲɵĸ汳ղǹµ˾ӡ
ʱ𻺻ƶֱۣʼǹ
ǣ¶ͱϾǵһɱ֣һͼǹһתſԴһǹһǹ˵˹ŵͷ
֮ˣǹֶ׼ǷԱͷҴ㡣
ǷԱҲľսͷУװֱɻһֱǰҸţαƵı亽


 036
ַһ󣬰¶ͲȥӢܣ˸Աλϣǰɻ
ԱɷӣսսĵʮûЩֱɻţѾˡ
¶ҧҧٵײȥǵͳǵһðյģ£Ҫҵġ
ǷԱӦһȵǰװֱɻס㲻תЩװֱɻȻ˿ȥ
ת֮䣬ͷɵһƬ֮ϡ
ʱȴļֱɻȻ嵽ǰ棬ȴ֪кͼ¶ǷԱš
ӢܵͷĿڻյ࣬˿ȻһֱɻķҲڴ򿪣ֳһ˵ӡ
˾ȻֱɻԽԽӢѾĿ˵Ȼ׹ǰֱɻ¶͵ע⣬ȻԱһǳΣյ£ͺݣȻðգӢ糱ȴһš
װֱɻĿ˹ȻӢڵֱɻƽУ͵һݣ˽ϣֽŲãֱӢܵȻѾˡ
ǣ¶ǾģܿͷʱʧɫӸԱλ˺棬Ӣܵλã˻ǹ
Ȼڸٵķ֮УĶʵ̫ˣ¶͵ǹҪ׼ѾŲ˷򣬷ǿҵĹţֱɻܵǰĸţеҲƽȣ¶͵ֱ۲ͣĻζţܿͽǹӵˣϽȥһԿʬϵǹ
ȵ¾ǹӻͷȥȻʱѾλã˽ܵײһطֱɻĻУ¶ڻ޷ˡ
¶ѾʼҧȻ˻գץס֣һ̽һǹ
û뵽ǣ;ǹˣ¶͵ֱ۸һͱһǹϣǹʱȥ
ӢܿŰ¶ʹӣ֪¶ȻҲһɱ֣ǿҵĻζУ϶ʵڲ̫Զ¶͵ĩվҪˡ
Ȼڻа¶֮Ѿɿĵ˲š
¶ͼƲԣȥõ˹ŵǹõǹѾǹѾ׼Դ
˿̰¶͵ǹڻתȴ¶һǹʹǷԱϡ
ǷԱһʱ̱λϣҲ޷ֱɻˣֱɻһҵĻζҪ׹䣬¶;ҪӢܼͬھ
˾ҲǹȻһӢܣһȥ
ֱɻͬһֻеķһֱֱ£ȻһƬʮ׸ߣ¶ڼٵת׹УǾ޷򿪻ģֱɻ֮
ӢܣҲڷɿ׹ź滹жʮ׵ĸ߶ȣӺȻʼתڵ׹֮ǾṦɺ׾ű䡱ʱѾ֮ѡ϶֣ϵпֱܻɻʧء
Ӣ޷ŷ죬˺֮ϣȻſһףԼ׹֮ȴӿ죬ˮУúˡ
һӢҲ䵽˺ȻһУ׹֮ôߵĿе£ǷͬСɣֻеԼڲͣ³ؿԽԽƣԽԽ޷һѾ˹ȥ
***********************************************************ӢٴѾͳңӡģ㲡ƣ롢桢աᡢ櫡
Ӣ۾յһԴ磬Դ磬ˣˡ
櫵۾Ҳնޣҽ˵ӢѪҺ⣬ǲԼģ㡭СЩ
ˣϽסԼ죬ӣȴȿ޻ܡ
ӢܸеԼȻȻ֫ǿܶҪվܵģ֪LõҽһԼҲѾùҩִҽҩ޷ȥϵĶأǽζ°ڴ϶ɹͨҲеһĿֻţԸԼŮ˵ģǿһЦһԶˣ
˵æаˣԴ磬ҽ˵Ĳ֣ûҲû˵ٲѣпܳɡֲˣˡ
һ˵ȴһЦɷܹתлָĿܡ
ɽɷӣ뵽֮ողźͺкγˣҪǿö࣬ŬѹԼӢܣЩLҽβˣǵĹҽܻа취ġ
ӢȻȴ΢ЦŵͷǵģǱģһа취ģҸоڱʼжʱöˡ
˵ȴԼһֱĬĬ˫۾ʱѾѪ˿ֵ櫣лܹҵߡ
ʱȴԴ磬Դ֪ºǽôңʡϻһֱߣǺʵڼֲסˣͷֳ飬㣬úһ飬ý㡢ٻ㡢һ飬櫽ȴһֱߣû˯
Ӣˣȴ΢΢һ̾櫣Ǻοࡣ
櫵кȻǸ⣬ӢܣԲ𣬰¶Ͷ¶֣ҶҪǺòˣҾһӣңҲߡ
Ӣӿһȴ΢΢ҡҡͷ櫣ⲻܹ㣬ȻͰ¶һ𳤴󣬺һˣȴ˽Ըкܴȱݣ˽̰ʡҰģˣ˭ֻҪԱãߵס·ֵ֮ģ櫣ҿԿ϶Ͱ¶һˣε£һᷢ¶ҪǵλȨ㡣
뵽¶͵ͨҧҧ쵰û뵽ˡ
Ӣܱ˵Լȥй¶ͳ£СʱһϷˣһĻĻһ̾ûᡣ
ʱȴ˾ϲĵӢܣӢܵˣˡ
Ӣ˵Ҷٻ벻Ǿ˯ⷿ
ȻͼͷңѲҶٻ˹Ӣ۾ǼһӾ˵ϵӢܣ챣ӣܹ˵ˡ
Ӣ΢ЦȻܹ˵һϻӣֲˣһ˶˵ܵúܡ
Ҷٻһ£ȴֿæֱۣҶٻʱҽҪӢܼܵĻæվĨᡣ
ѩ붡Ҳææ˹϶žϲ
򶨣֪Ӣ˾ˣ˵ȥ֪ͨǣǻкҪҪӢ
⻰վ˳ȥһͼ˽ȴǷء˼ʱ˵϶ο֮ɫ
ҲˣӢҲһ㶣ʱо֪ôˣLڵľƣʲôز
һƣŮҲɷдҪᣬĳȥˡ
˵ӢܵĴǰصһܶôʲôо
ӢھԼװνӣЦһЦûʲôûʲôʲôá
ЩܶģܻʲôĴۣҶġ
ӢЦ΢΢ͷȻ֣Lôˣ
ȴһأܲãMսѾսǵľӽڽڰˣȻϽָӾӿ֧֣ƳŲʮ졣
ӢѾϵĽֻвλսˡ
˭֪δأܶ㸸л˵
˼Ҳ£ܶҵʵɹˡ


 037
ӢܶʱһϲģҲܹɻͿϣ
˼˵ͷȷһַǳϡеĿۺһֲʣĴ
Ӣǿϲ֣Ҳ˵ǿηɻˣ
˼ǣֿõϣһֲֺܿ£Ƿɻ̹ˡǱͧԣĿǰȽ״޷ġ
Ӣ鼤ȴһ˵ֻǲͣĴϢ
״æܶѪҺкܴ⣬̫ѪǧҪסԼ
˼û˵Ӣܣȴס֡ڴͷĸͷ
ӢλԼϵĳĹذһƬůŬԼƽ˺þãۣ˼֣ܲܶõսϣ
˼ͷȻԣĿǰ˵ȴкܴ⣬֪֪ܶLеսѾȫ٣޷ٸˡУ㻹սԸ죬ڽĵطԷ״ҲԷ֣ԷĻԶԶҷҲһɻҷսȽͿϣҲûзӡ
ʱȴӢܵܶҿͿ϶õ˺£Ӳƴǻķӡ
Ӣû˵ȴ۾֮󣬲ŵ֣ҵһӣҲM쵼ձ
˼϶һϲʲôӣ
Ӣ˵Լ뷨΢һ˼͵һֵãȫM쵼ǵʵûеٽġ
˼ҲϾͰ죬ҪϽһܡ
ȥϽ˵Ӧû⡣
ʱӢܺȻ뵽һ£֣ұ¶ץµ˭֪ͨǵġ
һЦMһ֪
Ӣһ̼
˵ͷ
Ӣһ̾Ƿˡ
ܶһ仰Ҫ㣬̼Ůˣѣǧߵ̫ǺΣյġ
˵䣬Ƴһ۷ݡ
Ӣ֣ܵģ֪շִġ
ʱȴˣȥԼ°ɣܶҺչˡ
ûߣǶӢܵܶҸѹˣѪҺѾͣȫõҩҲδܹκ㣬һڹķһԣͨķͬǰѪҺУ֮ͨкܴĿ߻ħҲҴʶǣĲҲмġ
Ӣһеؾħ
˵ͷǣ⡮еؾħаɵһħǳҰԵ뵹Ǻ֢ܶ
˼ˣʱϲظǵҪǽܶѧ׹κĲҡԺֻм㣬Ҳˡ
ȴһЦвмҵҪҵϣлúõ̸̸ģദôãҾʵһˣ̤ʵҳ϶ˡ
ˣһʱȴĬĬ˼һۡ
ˣȳȥɣ̽ܶķھܲͨһЩѨסСʱ֮ڣκţҺͽܶкܴա
˼Լͬĵ˵ͷ߳ݣš
һߣ˴ӢܣϥԼԶ˫ѵ֮оеؾħйھ
***********************************************************֮Mŷѵ´
MͳԱǵľۻᣬľۻһ¾һΣԴ˲μӣȻҲ̸ҪУһЩҲǰˡ
һ½ԵϣеļĨƲʣһƬƺϣԵѾʼڲƺ죬ʱţиѾڿʼżһЩΧ˹ȥ
MͳʱվһһžƱһڵ̸ţȴйLľƣûеƿȨLľSȫ֮Ѿڽںˣ鱨˵ٹ죬L׶ͻݣL͹Ȩͻ̨ǵͳӢѾزڴû¶档
˵̸˺ŨһЦݣLĳͷһ֤Mǲַģ˭ҪǸMԣֻҪģƺˣSͳҲǸ̰ļһռסLȥӶԴõķͨϹMά͵ȻֲһͿ˳Ĺˡ
ʱȻһӦǷɻͷʱ
ɫһˣŵĵãзɻͿշеġ
˿̼ͳѾ˹ƺһƬСܣǹҲһ߸ܣһ߸ҿɢΣգΣա
е˶ЩŮ˸ǷУƺϵȺڷ׷ɢ
ȻʱȴѩģƮƮֽƬȻǺ֮Զȥˡ
ã˴ӲƺгЩֽдʲô
Mͳܿ͵õһݣȴһLͳӢܵĹ棬Ǽҵķ԰Ȩ壬ʾҪʯٵľġ
MͳܻŹϴ绰ʷģ˭ְأȻLķɻˣҺͶǴҪǻըɵǲǶ군̰Ҵ
ò˵Ѿͨ˷ĵĵ绰һЩȻĵɴ۾ͳûְأе״ﶼûܷɻʾڶ޷׷٣ǵĵϵͳո̨Ƚ״תûһ̨
MͳŭĴҲѵ𣿡
˭֪ȴ˵ͷͳֻ¾ǻ׵һηɻǾԷɲģͳˣTerencezaoLϣֻηɻȣҲϤġ
Mͳһ㶣ʱ˵ˣ˵LѾ˱սȽηɻ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
Mͳû˵ĵ绰ˣɫһ䣬Ȼ󻺻ķֻͳͳһҵϢSսؾڸղ⵽ҵϮеսըˡ
MͳסˣһĬɫȴԽԽȻԼĵ绰ͨС㣬֪ͨеĲСʱ֮ҵİ칫ҿᡣ
µ绰Զ¶˾ɥһ޿κεľɥ


 038 ȫ
ӢڡǼ԰Ļ԰ݵϣߣһȺֵŮˣ桢աᡢѩáҶٻ櫣ΧӢϯضϷţЩӢǡеؾħѾԵĺת˲Ѿߣѹ˵ھܹЩŮ˵ûб˵ˣοǣǰSѾʼ½LһΣ֮ˡ
ҶٻڳŹ조Ǽ԰Ӧôϯ֣Ůڷ׷׸ͣϽЦݵ˽
ͻ˻֣ұ㵽Զͻȥˡ
߽Ӣܵߣܶеô
ӢܵɶˣղǷһ˼ҽҵѪҺ˵ѾҪˣҸоϢѾܹת︽ŬŬҲܹͷġٻѨֻҪٻѨһͨǾͺðˡ
˵ͷܶҲԤƵĻҪõÿһЩҺϽǸһϢ
ӢܺȻЦֻSľѾȫLڡ
һЦ¶һ룬֪֪ܶMϵˡ
ӢܵŶʲô˼
Ҫ̸Уг⡣
ӢЦһMûгҲˣΪҰηɻļ͸¶ǵĵˣ˵ǽһµѡ
ҲһͷµľӢܣеƣҪúõĿһرǾϣҪM˷ӷӴȣ֧֡
ӢܵǵȻǿԺM˺ηɻܲӦһСֳǶҰĵĹҵ壬ǲܸǵķչá
ϽʱǵȻ㸸ҹԼյĹһηɻ
ӢܵͷʱˣҲúúϢˣ浣İֵ塣
˵һӻϽ¾ȳȥˣŮЦΧ˹
ӢܼЦǿģιʲô£˵
ҶٻȻǺ£ϲ£Ӣܣ˵ǵļӦûϲ²
Ӣԣ鲻ԽȥЩһѾ޸ңϣѾ˼Ұԣ˼ᣬΪԼͥһԱˮɵ¡
ӢҲЩ˼ĵͷȥȴ¶ҸЦ⡣
ֵһϲµȻò£Դ磬ٲ²µڶ
Ӣ滹Щ²ҡҡͷ
ѩϸָᵯ˵ͷ汿㣬Ըʲô
ӢЦŵϣܹ֮һװֵĴСӡ
һеŮ˶ЦҲߵͨ죬ִһµԴ磬û뵽Ҳô
ӢɫôлѵҾͲܺС𣿡
ŮֶЦˡ
Դ磬㡭۸ңʹҺ۸ң˵
Ͻҿɲ˵㻹ٻɡ
Ҷٻֵңǲ֪ӢܣҪǶҿɲĶ֡
ֵãˣֵ棬ѧţҿԴ粻Ķ֡
˭֪ҲЦɣɣתìܣҵӣҲϵ
ձȥѩ櫣ȴһ²ѣ߸߹ģɵö
ʱһЦһߵӢߵӢܣĲˣնĸ˵£㵹ȡЦˡ
Ӣܶصģ棬׻ʲôϲ£˵
ְֺ衣
Ӣԣʱһϲʲô˵ǡ
ҡͷûô죬ЩǼ̽̽Ŀ԰ְӡƺԽԽˡ
ӢЦȻϲбµˣLôΣܹ⣬ȫְ֣Ӧø˽
Ӧְֺ֮Ǻлˡ
ӢܳĬһ󣬺Ȼã
ӢһӣŮ
ӢܵҪ˭ܹ˵ͨ裬ĸԸĺҰһҽдĽ͡
ĵʲô͡
ӢܵǾҺ֮󣬵һôҶ֨
ôһ˵еŮ˶֦ҲЦ
Цصڻ԰ҲصǼ԰ϿգþòϢ
***********************************************************


ֵ˵Ļ
жڽˣȻӦûдøãдȥôҵ顶ǡҲܻ֮ܵꡣ
ܵ˵ҶԡYDϵв⣬رǺ󴫣ΪɵYDʱ˵ĳŵдģǣǿĵطǰ־ЩۣϾʱд̫æˣѾɺ󣬻Ὣⲿϵȫ£ҪһЩĵطȥǵԸرǺ󴫣ӦøӷʵпܻҪӣڻкܴı仯ܶطȫͬӦøÿҪ˼ٶˣȻһЩУһЩйεд
ֵܻԡжĽֲ⣬ѾˣҪ֪9鱻ʧ顶ǡһ²зֳãĸû룬һЩдֲͬǣְҵд֣ûֳãζʧҵƫƫһҪһӣһɷһ׵Σһû룬ܣǳ裬οǣкܺõȫһݸȶ룬дҰãΪãҷԭһݺܲĹңҲ֧ңڣӻûһ꣬ڼҴӣĸµĿգǰҵ˵ǣҲ޷֧ȥˣֻнжȫͶ뵽֮У龡ܹõҵ֧֡ԣڲֵܣֻ˵Ǹˡ
ˣáǡǿɿͶһƼƱɣǳҪϷʧֻпЩֵˣл
ӹͽЦд20071023賿
