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˵Ǿңȴûϵȡ˳ǡҪ˳ǡ
ҵѾˣû䡣û뵽ոǼССı๫˾ܾҡܾҵԭ򡭡ҳ̫˰ɣ٣ôԱ
ԭɣô£ᵽ˱ɣ졣ǾһӴ˵ߣǶһվ͵ô졣
ΪܴӽͨʡµǮҳҵġ11·˺ƽ֡ȵʹһһϢš죬ͷ㺹Ӷϵ¡
մһ꾭ǶôϰʩһƿȪˮȫһƿǺ˿Ȫˮ֮;û˱ϡ
˵ʲô࣬ǻࡣҿʧҲͬĶࡣ
ԵһʮֽͷһΣվʮֽͷҲʣǲһ̫µͷǲһǻʮֽͷ
ţҺȻһƨ·ߵĻ̳ʯ˻ƽԸþõšΪѾԶµʽŰˡûа취ֻЪһˡ
²ãȻҵֻ˷ܵΪļҹ˾֪ͨϰˣͳֻһҵŮѴġ
绰ͨȻþö˵գֻͲˣַʽ˷ҵֻѡ
˵ͷ͵𣿡ʵ
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ٺ١֣֪ÿζ˵ġˣҵֻˣͱ˰ɡԣ
ĬƬ̣һβһû֡ұģǡ룬һЩҵĶѾˣҵԿ׽ˡ
һֱúõ𣿡ҺȻߺ޵µϣ·ֱҡ
𣿷ˡ㡭ʵЩ綼ֿġ
ΪʲôֿأΪʲôأ׷ʵ
ǲѧʱһˡʵİҪıϵġ
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ӦԤϵ֣ΪԴ˹֮ͺٻؼˡ
ʵʵûǮ˧һʺ
绰ҶϺҾһľżǶһġҪʧжʧ䣬ҪжġȻȥ˺ܶ࣬û˻ע⵽ֻ˵ĸҾǱеĽ䣬û˻ע⵽Ƿ˳
ҹҿʱǳ⼸С
ĳʫ˵ʫ䡪Ҿһֻڰεˮˡ
ڶһ󣬿ûĶҺȻоĿյԭֻʮƽ׵һСƽھȻ˵ĿյȣҵĸӵĿյ
ԭһȥҹںû顣
ҴǽǴҳһƨȼݺݵڡҲءήҲڴϵ
ҵһᵽҪû飬ʲôҲԡҲãʡһǮ
ǮǮǮ񴦴Ǯǣơûа취Ѿһϵõ˵ˡǮܵģûǮȴܡ
һ˾ڴϣʵС
ΣҶҪڱҺȻţҪĳ죬űĸǰɳ۶һˮ
ţȻðһֵ뷨ǧˣһ꣬һҪذҡ
ǧˣһ𣿡ֺȻԼӦðһĸŮ˲ŶԣҪأ٣ְֳʲôõİ

ٿȻҲоԭһֱʥİҲֻ˵Ĵ
룬ڵ֯ŮҲţɵţζˣ
빤°ɣҺȻ췿͵ˣ
ţҺȻӣпڴ˸׳졣
ҿŴϵǶӲ㶣Ȼϸϸһã߿ëǮ
ͷëǮһϸϸһ㣬ʮͷʣǮÿͷά죻ÿͷάʮ졣ǡôأ

蹤

һ뵽ȣ˺νҵˣǾǡѵʱҰˡڷֵʱٲһ䡪㰮ôžôš
ν˵ġ湻ݶģǺˣǰҲӦøµѰɣο֪ûǮˡ

ţһǾҪģ֮ȥҷݹɡ
νơ˲翿
ܹˣëϯܹйΰܹ졭ҾͲҲһݹ
ţ˴ǶӲʰڴ
ȻҳŶ˸ĬĬţ찡ѵһͷһðɣҲҪŮҪǮֻҪҵ׷ԾСҪҳе⡣
ڻȵ̫ϸϸһ룬ãȻѰȥԾֻһδ֪ȹûҵҾѱϳˡ
˾֣ѵʱʲô˶ǳҲãֻҪĿǰܰһѾԶľˡ
ҵã
ȻһˣһйڵˡڴѧʱΪ׷ȣҺֹ졣
˵ʵʱѧУȻƯġô˵ҲУ֮һԴӱҵ֮󣬲֪ΪʲôͻȻͱˡ֪ǲҲȣ
ãߵңҷҪȻҲҪʵֻǾΪ֪ҲصˡᣬҲӦÿǿǡŮ˻ܲҪˣ
ʱǵģҲֻڶŮ˽鷽ìܣгͻν˵Ů˰˭Ρ
Ǹ˭ҴѧͬѧͬϵҵҲ˱˵Ѿ˹
ǣҺƤֻĳϵ绰ţҲͱԵ̬ͨĺ롣
ãꡣ绰ͨʵ
˭ôòأԭϵ갡ҲףʲôңСǼ
ٺ١ɬɬЦЦ룬̰е˵Ƕ˵ϵͬѧгļС벻һҵ뵽ҡٺ١ҲǣϾֿͬ룬һӶǡ
١ЦһͱĨ˰ɡ룬ǲ׺ϵġʲô£ֱ˵ɡ
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ǵҵһ䣬ȻЦһ£١׷ԾˡҪ߰ɣ
١ЦЦҪƺҲ̫˰ɣҪͰȻǾ͹һƵ۰ɣô

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١ҰһЦߣСңþʣʱˡ
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һʱһɫࡰಡһɳ۶ŵð亹
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Ĺ򣬲ϣɫڳǰͣŴӳһλŮ
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ʱĬĬؿ˿ңȻ˵㻹ˡȿ϶ҲòĶȥɣǹѵһԡ
΢΢ЦЦ˼Ƭ̣صҸ㣬ҺˣǲǻЩ
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ȵȡʵ۹ɣ
ѡ˵˶СǴ绰ô򵥡ˣһܼûۣһҪ˵Ҳ˵ǽոձҵġ𣿡



 2 

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İָ£һĻԻһݹҹҲҪ԰װ
ڶҾֱӵƵס
ҲǼˡ
ʳ⡣ҪٵĻȥͷѲˡ
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Ҹæлͬѧһ
ȻһЦ˵׻Ȼİ칫ˡ
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㣿ƺϲ£ҾͲ㱣ܡ


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תҪ뿪ܾ칫ʱȻְ˵ʮ˵Ĳˣ
ߵſڣȥʱȻűƿˣӭ߽һλɫӡʮӣõ˵ʣЩˡ׾Ӱеķɱ֡
ӭ濴ɵˣо˲Ƶġ룺žܾɣһܾϲװôģɱ֡ˣҲֻɱˡ
һòҵʺһã
Ҳͷʾ⣺á
ſڣҲ˼ǿƼȥǣҾͼæÿһ˸ƣȽɣ
ܣˡͬʱСʺࡣ
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ŶСҲǲ֪ˣ۲ոְԱꡣ
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Ȼ룺СʱϰʲôͷҵͷҲôӲɣֻײ˸ףôذɣ

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ҵʪѴܵҳ󣬱̣òܾ칫Ѿָԭֻ˸ס
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˸飬վܾηЦЦ
ʱܿ˿Ҷͷϵ˿ڣȻͷ˿ɳϵļ䣬ȻһЦ٣ûôذɣǸոַս˰
١ֻǲ֪ЦЦȻʲôҲû˵
ȻߵϰǰŰ칫˼ءͳؿ˿飬ȻʵرŶʶ
ûаܡǸСصֻǿ˿ѪԾͰһӦõİܡ
٣ܺȻһЦЩΣ㻹ܡոգһֱվ⡣
˵ţƺûٸ˵ʲôˣԾͽĿתҡ
ЦЦ١
ǰɣüͷһ
ǵġܡҴ
ͦʺ۵ģΪĵġ
ûаܡ
ûУһüͷϴˣߣʲôأ㲻֪ܾ칫𣿡
Ŷš룬ǡҴ
ŶųˣҪסǺðɣԪģʹۺˡ
ɵˣ룬ô󰡣֪ҵͷˡ
ţС˵һ䣺ܰ١ҡҲǹġ
Դ۰
ɡǡĿǰûôǮ
ʱؿһۣȻȻͷȥСԸ֪ͨ񲿺ܼ࣬ǣûĹһԪͲְ𣿡
һ£Ұ̾Ϣû취ȨǺʹ

ʧܵı

ֱڶ磬ʳóʱҿһֱ˴Ĺ͹ƵİͽңҲŸ˵
Ҹ˵ˣֲ
ҵĶ棬ҶͷϵĴֹЦһ
ЦôģҺȻһ
ٺ١ֻؿңʲô£˵
ҶؿȻҧгݵ˵һʮġ
ʮʲô
˵
񣬷еιԼҰ
֪ܾ칫ҵֱ绰
١㻹ǴҲ룬˭Ե޹ʸͻ׬ľѿͻ㣬ҳʲôǵģڰĿͻͲˡ

ţȻʹ˸ɫ
ŤͷһԭλŮСʳá
ãһҾһӻ
ȥ˴ڴ򷹣Ȼɵض˵̫ǲǴ߳İ
Ҳ⿴ʵʲô˼
һְԷ
Ҳ룬ʵƽȥĶ԰
ƽ룬Ҳ֪ǵһְԷбǿϵҾƵġһܾ顣
ôһ˵ҺȻһϵ˵ҿܽеСǲǡ
пܾ˰ɣ

ǺҲ²ʱǸСŲ̳˹
ʱҿ˿һλȻ룺ǳİɣ
˼ţҳʹ˸ɫ
ţŤͷȥ
ǸСӽˡȻĪһۣԼĿλ
ϣȻֵػعͷСι꣬ǳŶ
ôܣҳɵؿҡҲû˧һͿ
ȥٿȻ
ܡȴٿȻðһֱͷأ֮Ҹûꡣ
ҵĻϣһ̸ϡ
ٿȻĿɿڴˡ
̧ͷȥֻǸСվҵࡣ㶣ȻɬɬЦЦ
бңȻ죬ʵո˵˭û갡
šɬɬȻһָָ˵ٺ١˵
𣿡ǵЦЦ
١εЦţǰ
ŶһȻŲŲӣҪ¡
Ҫ£ٿȻǰӣ͵͵ؽŰԣʱһŰŲ
ţ룺ػˤ֫Źأ
ҿƨҪʱȻһýżȹȥϣꡱһԼȻȥˣסˡһ˺ϣԼˤø֫졣ԭٿȻһȡԼߵȡ
Ȼֻֵúϲ졣
ǸСֵվֽоЦ
ڵϣֻÿɬ΢΢ЦЦ
ȻȻµ㻹ЦϽ
롪С˱ƽԼӲʵֱˣѵո㡪֮ĲУ֮ĲޡǺǡⲻӶѵ㣡ã㣡
㡭Ҳֹסŭɬɬصֲ¡
ʱסЦҡ
ȻǸС˸ƣ˵Ǻǡҷɡ
ȻŲǰӣߵҵĸǰӣҷ
˭֪קһʱٿȻֹһ֣ɿ֡
һ֣ˡһһƨɿ˵שϡ
ۡʹֱޡߺҵỨۿдתˡ
ֵøˣԡԲ𡭡һЦû
ߣǴĵģţ̧ͷߺ޵һۡ
ƺҲָӿˡ
ߣǼһﲻȣ侮ʯ
ٴνʱҲߡһûԼĬĬشӵ
վúְԱɬɬؿ˿Ȼæƨɣס
ǸСģֿĵ֡
ǼһҲš
ЦңҸǱлڣоȵġ
һתȥˡ
Ȼһ㲻˰
ûлشֻǱһ
ǰ󣬱ͽ˵١飬ôʳóԷ˰
СصҰҰ
ٺ١
˭
۲
֪۲ҵһǸǵһ㻹ȥѰɣոˤòŶ
١û£ҳģʲô
˰
ң
ǰΪҶûȤ̹˵𣬲ȷʵһ˼øжûС
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ƣһɽݶ
ˡһں̭ˡΪҵʵڲ⣬¶δӪ
ֵ֪ǸǲңȻһֻǳᣬ֪ҵǲ˵ġҲʵ
ãһΪһǷܾһףҵĹһԪĻְҲߵġԾҵΪ㣬Ҳȥʳˡҵġ롱
ȻˣôҲֻùսˡ
̹˵ֹҲֺֻƤ˲
򲻸ˣںơˡΪǱƽĵһ
ȻŶӵ࣬ҲˡΪǾƵĹ涨Ϊʮ˳ţʮ
Ϊ˷ܵһû˯š
ڶڰ칫ңżܵöɣϣǰ̨ĽӴСҴߵ绰
˵ҵĿͻǰ̨С㳳ˡ
ͻǵʳĸܵﰡҶϵ绰Ҿȥ˾Ƶǰ̨
Ҹϵǰ̨ʱҵĿͻСյµʲô̬Ȱ֪ǵϵ𣿡
ȻСҲʾطϵۣϵʲôӰҴûϵۡڼϵۣԭӰ
㣿㡭
ΣҸæǰȥЦҵĿͻǸԲ㣡һԱһʶʲô˵
ΪƽϢҿͻŭȻת̨ǰСС˭ѵİ
˭ϵСһҲʾһصܵΪͷξͰԼ˰ǸԱ
Ҳ֪ǳ˻ҩġ¼١ˣ鷳ꣿ
㡭ٿȻֹסŭ롪ûӣˣٳȥһûӣǲһʶ˰ɣ
ţҲֻתҵĿͻ̬һЦԲ֮
Ȼҿʼ˽
ԭҵĿͻڿͷˤһӣԸ⳥
ϸϸһ׽оҵĿͻԣЦ΢΢سҵĿͻ˵㰡ôǮˣ⳥ʮǮ𣿡
ôһ˵ҵĿͻɬɬؽ͵ҲԸ⣬εľޣѲܳһԪԱĿǰ˾ǧŰپʮſë
ǡҳ˼Ƭ̣㣬Ҫȥʣ˭ˤģ˭ˡ
Ƕ಻ðⶼǹѣ˭ԸԼǮҾãˤһҲ°ʮǮ˲͵ˡ
ǡΪѵ룬ȵȣȥʾһܼࡣ
ðɡ
ΪܼͬʮǮȻȥʾ˼һ֮󣬲ϣ˵ǲȥͻԭ⣬ⲻ⡣
Ŷֻ¶ص˵ͷ֪ˡ
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ֱȥ۲칫ңͬ½Ǯ
˵Ǯ֣ϣͬǶһת˻⡣
ǿʼԹǾƵļʽı׶ˣ˵ʲôܼ಻ۣ˵ʲôԱ˭ţ˵ʲôܾӪ
˵ĵʵû˸ᡰǮ֪֡һʮǮǸҲ죿
һ湻ʵ
֪Ǻģǿ⽫ݸң
ƵڣΨһʶˣҲǸŮСˡ֪ҾͲӦһδ뱨ˣӦðͽŶԡ
ûа취ֻòܾͨ칫ҵĵ绰
ΪԷһѾ׼ɤΪ»Ǹܽӵ绰
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šҿһֻ˵ãС𣿡
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Ŷϰ֡
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šһ㶣롪ôҲϰְ
֣ǲǸð˰ô
һصҪˣСӵ绰
Ŷȵȡ
Ȼұ˵绰Ƕ˵ܶ˵ֵĵ绰
绰Ƕ˵ӹ绰к֡
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סЦſ֣æ͵Բ۲ꡣǧ֪ңΪ
绰Ƕ˵ĬƬ̣Ȼص˵ʲô£
ҰԾϲѣ湻ҵģΪϰʱ򣬲˹ʺԾ߹ʺ˰ɣ
ˡҺƤ˵飬ԽʮǮ𣿾ʮ顣áΪҵĿͻˤһӣԸ⳥˵ˡ



 3 

ŮԼ

ҡʻȼپƵꡱһˣûмͷǮһͶʡһһʮԪĸǮ
õƬ̵İݣ˯ʳóԷ
죬ұ˯췭ظһ磬ֻˡ
۵оԣǾǡֻһ죬ƽ
Ϊʲôô˵أΪֻҪֻһ죬׼һ׼ͻҶƵסˣҾ˶˶Ȼɺ͹ʣԾֻһ죬ƽ
ҸæͷԵֻһǸİֻ롣жˡһ˷ܣҸϽ˽
ãΪɣҴһ˿𾴵ļЦ
ӰڱʲôطڻվҰɣ
һԷҺȻһաȻְһЦ룬軹湻Ŷ
ѾˣǸСĶ硣
ǣһصµվȻȥһŵƱӼƱȥվ̨ȻˣȥϣȻͿˡ
治Т˳ȥɣ㣡ڱԭ
֪ΪʲôٿȻĪЦΪ˲˷ҵֻãҾסЦ˵ҪиôƯ裬ϰһǸϰ壬ôҲǹӸˣʲô
ߣðҰ֣ð˰ϰҲʲôˡ丸ӡ
û˵Ǻ˰һصһֱ룬ϰడϰۣᣬзгеλ
١ٿȻȻһЦѾˣʲôλֻҹһСľͽ˼ҿ㻹ֱӽȦˣ˾˯˾ͳԣʺ㰡
㣿ٿȻֻѣιС㣬ʲôҵҪؼҪѡ
ٺ٣Ȼ֣Ҿķͦġôҵ绰
Һ棿ǿЦãȻҵߣιߡ˵ֻ㱨
ǺãҰɣʡֻц
ٿȻܳѵҡҲɣ
ʲôңǲԸҰ
ǡͣƬ̣Ķ
ꡣ
ҡͻȻ֮ûˣҡûг
㾪ȣƺʧߣŮ˵һûУһ㣡

ŮԼᣬҾȻɬΪһ˵ı±Ͷ̥ĻһѡͶ̥
ЩҶЩɥ
Ȼ˴д̨̻Ҹһƨݺݵڡлƨˣ飡
Ŵ³롭ôҵֻأѵŶˣԱͨѶ¼ˣôôῴأĶͣҲ䵽ͷϰȫйʮ˿ڣһŮԣҲֻڷ֮һĻᰡο
ţҺȻԼ٣˧ôʵġʡʡɣ˼ˣϴ˯ˣɵϣ
ϴº󣬲ʵҪǲϲҵĻָҴʲô绰١
ϣ̵ֵܺȻתǡһ죬ãҵķӦΪ죬Ȼ䵽˵ذϡҪѹҲǸ졣
룺ҲûбҪַʽҵ뷨ɣ̫˰ɣ
˱ˮ
ڶ°ԭᣬҺȻһߵÿᵽʳãٴʳõλ̫ζˣһʱѪžƵǰĵ·
ȻԶǻľģҲ£Ҫǲ˷µĿ
ʱҪܹһ֧̣ʤɡãҲˣȾȻ
ϣﲻһҵֻۻ治ףжѡ
ͳֻһȻҵһλŮͬѧġ
绰ͨ˷ܵ˷衣
ι̰㲻ڷ˲ԺɣҸһˮ
ǰڱǺǣµĻ𳵡
ڱҳɵڱ˲Ժ
ôô˵ҵһҲ˰
šûа룬Ѿǵ˾أ˵ûа취Ͼͬѧֻװ˷һˣҮҮҮ
ι꣬Ǹ˰ⲻǳ𣿡
̣㣿
Ǻǣ갡Ǿһ۰ɣ
Ƕһᵽȣʲô¶ûˡ
ǰмλͬѧϵˣߵڶֱżΪǰ춼ҪϰࡣһҪŶ


Ů

ҵŮͬѧ̹Ҷϵ绰Ҳʼ룬ưͳԻпԡȥҲδ̫û֮ͬˣȥ˭ҳأ
Ƶʱ򣬺Ȼһɫסҵȥ·
ֹһֻǸС˳ҲЦš
ҺעԩҶͷˣ
³ųţ۷һְѺõĹâ
ֻĬءɵؿʲôҲû˵
Ƭ̺Ȼʵһܵ˰Ҫȥﰡãһ̰
ֻҡҡͷʲôҲû˵ΪҵֿűϰŮǸżԻһ»ԣʵǲʵʵģҲûбҪзǷ֮롣
ϣһǰһΣմ˰㣿Ů˵˰
ٿȻĻǼҵ£
ҺȻһЦ٣Ůһ˧ţ
ţһЦ٣˥ɣ㻹˧ҪǳһͷĻβŹأ
ѵҲ˧𣿡ҷʵ
ҵĻϣʱһֻҰô·ԵĲݴдܳٿȻ·롣
龰ЦЦ˵鷳㡭硭Ҫ˺𣿹ǡ޹Ŷ
ε·ֻҰã룬ɣôǿɱҲð
ǣҺسֻҰȥˡ
ҰǰʱҲҰøǰ
ҷҰÿ˿ԭֻѸ˵Ұá
㿴Ȼ˵ҲֻĿԩҪȥԵĻҪǹֻҪһվЩǾͻԹԵسͶ԰ûµĻͲҪˣҺֻӣҪֻϻǿǹһŶ
ôһ˵ҵǾǵ˾ȷʵһԭ򣬲ҳʵ𣿡
⿴ң𰡣
šɬɬ룬뿴Լ׳жʧܣԴӱҵŮһ߿ˣһ쵽ڣ̶ʧܣⶼҪؼûʼһһʮ顣ˣʮǮǴǶġ
㡭ţȻؿһۡ
ʱȻһλũǵĸǰΧǰʵҸոմֻ𣿡
ٿȻЩƤ̧ͷ˿λũصϲҸոûӣֻˡҪǾǣ߰ɡ

λũӺҺصĳǰ
Ȼ򿪳ţ˼ʻڡ
ΪҪˣȻҸæ˹ȥ
һæģȻ²̽ͷĪһۣʵ˵ʲô
šɬɬؿ飬ܡٽҶʮǮ𣿡
˵ƺЩ
šҵ˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪǮأ
Ϊɬɬ룬ΪҡûǮ
ûǮ˶ˣȻбңѵҶҪǮ𣿡
١εɬЦЦǡټ
˵ţҴ˸ټƣȻתҪȥͬʱ룬ȥμͬѧۻᣬأˣڱһˡ
˼Ȼұһ
ǣҺȻֹס˲ͷȥ
Դ̽ڳ⣬ҡ
ҳĬѺõЦЦҪǮʲô
š˼ȻҸɴתȥš죬ͬѧ֯ۻᣬʮǮѣȥμͬѧۻᡣ
ЦЦȻ󽥽˸Ϊ׵ı飬ߣŮҲкУⶼ˵ȻͷңŲҵӡҺҼ飬ҪȻ㺦˰ߣǮʱ򣬾˰
ôһ˵ҺȻεءɬЦЦ١Բұ֤١
ߣֹװͰ͵̬бңþʣǮˣͲ㣡
ǡƺʧټ
Ҫתȥæһ
šǵʲô𣿡
ǡȻĪ֣ǮûǣҿԽһݼְֻҪԸھͿԸһµĹʡ
¶Ƭ̣ȻɵʲôְӰ۹ɣ
ĪЦЦǲЦЦɰһ˰ĵʱģ޵ʱģʵڿĲʱҪޡ
㶣¶㰡ỹҪ壬ϴɣ
ҵĻϣٿȻüͷһ壬ߵȥɣ㣡
ţԴ˳Ť˳Կף˷
ģڸҡô㣡쵰
ǣҲ֪ƣ
ܿ죬ȥˡ

ŮĹػ

ҪǱʱʲô¶а
ڶ죬һͻֻѯǾƵʱҵֻʣ޼ˣҾظ͵ΰҵֻźŲ̫ãعȥɣ
ȴֵŶãû£ͦġһܴ䲻ǲǸոձҵ
ţǰûˣֻʵش
ǹϲ㰡Ϊ
룬ֻϾҪͣˣΪأֻͷһ顰ơ
ллεĿޣлҸæһתΰԤŵĻҺסأ
ŶҾ˽˽ǾƵʱûл
Ұһ㶡룬ڰ칫е˰ɣУͨŹ˾Ҫҵͨõġ
ֻøæʵΰ˽ķأǻҴСǷ
ˣǾƵҵʲôɫͷĴǵ˵ģ˫˵İ
ҸæסͲһЦѪ
ȻһػصҵǺɫƤΡͷĴе˵ģ˫˵ġ
ŶǾƵꡭ
ԶˡҲȥʹˡ˷ѵ㻰ѵҪؼѯȥһ

磬°ҵǱɵػصᡣֻҲͣˣͬѧҲϵˣȥɡ
ҲãҲã֮ûгȥμʲôͬѧۻˡҲԸȥ
صҲֻʵʵڴšҲãûǮѣ޷Ҳ˷õഺʱ⡣
Ҳ֪һһ𣬵ҵഺܻأ
ڴϺ˼ʱ򣬲ϣȻҵ۾һʱһλŮ
˫ۣϸһȻಡһӡ
֪ʱվҵĴǰ
Ц΢΢ؿҡ
ұòվдҵĴ£˭֪һˡһһӿ̵Ľϡ
ۡʹٿȻ˫סӣۿֱת֪̫ˣ̫ˣ
סӣ˴ǰĵذϣѾЦ
һӣһ̧ͷ˵ҵĴܺ࣬Ļ߰ɡ
ţûػ
ûж룬ҲǣôҵĴô࣬ҪŪ·ҿɵ𣿲˰ɣ
ϣȻҵ뷨󷽵ߵҵĴǰתȻʼЩʵҡ˫ȡ
º󣬲룬ɣѵԵעһһҪȻôôԵ޹ء
ţϣ컨һǽƤáۡһҵԶϡ
ٿȻŵҡᡱһվ˺ȻæŶһͷϵĻҳ
ѡЦˣЦġ
ҰԵ⵽Ƿҵ뷨ͬҵ뷨أײңôôùأ
Ƭ̺ԼֹסЦȻù͸ģȻЦ˵㻹Ǹù
ҵҰοسصҪǸЩ޼ҿɹǱҲǸˡ٣Ŀǰ˵ôҲи˯ȻƾһЩѵֻýͽ͆
ֳֻ֣ͣˣô۰
ʱҶؿһۣȻⲽ룬ȻɬɬһЦʵ٣ô֪ҵֻͣ˰
ߣȻбһۣǵ͵ҪӣֻҪûͣĻҾͲˡ
ţҺȻ˼Ƭ̣ȻԻءϸʵ㡭𡭡Ұ
ʱһۣصߣôΪʲô¡
Ļش𣬲ֻ˼ءɬɬЦЦ˵˾䣺
ƺûһۣȻʵҪȥμͬѧۻôûȥ
ûСɬɬģѰ
١ȻЦЦЦѺõЦǡ˵ļְ㿼ûа
šƬ̣ôõ°Ц˿ޡйʣ˵ֲ»˧õ
Ǻǣ֣ҲǰҪǰѺҲŷƵİ
١Ȼһ֡
Цʲô
ЦҲа
ߣǡְǲҲܰװ׸Ǯɣ
㶣ɵǡЦްɣ
ôⰡˡ
ңһ㶡
ǰȥμͬѧľۻᰡ
ҡҿɡŶ
֪Ǹù⵰͵Сҵˡ

Ůľ

Ҳ֪ʱתǲʶүүˣҲ֪ңȼң˵ʵҪ˵˧ĻǶҲֻʤϴǳۡԡҾǲܡҵģᡭҲֻ飿
齫ıͣ¥ǰſڡ
ֱĳⱦž
ϳȵһֵֻҡ
ͻĹģһЩӦҳ˵һ䣺Ǯˣһ˫㡣
٣һЦš˳ԿףǮˣǶѾȥˡ
㣿ҵķϣֻһˣЦЦ١
˳ұ㿪ʼοֵֻ룬Ȼͨͨŷĵĵ绰ʼֵ
ν˵ϵϵɣҸճֵϣֻҴĵ绰
绰ͨȹĵС갡ڱ𣿡
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ŮѺ

ҹԽԽ
Ұпڼʻҵϣ˯һԺȴǸšǮ֡
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ߣȻüͷһ壬Ҫ⳵Ҫڰѳ̧ˡ
ɵˣҲǴ
ЦЦȻһۣתȥˡ
ˣҽ
ȻӺóһ䣬ȡһǧﶥ
ʹǧﶥǰС˹ȥʲô

ǧﶥؽŲ˳
պù󣬱˳
վһΪˣȻȴȻ̽ͷҺϳ
룬ǲϳ˰ɣһ뿴̫أ


 4 

Ů޳

һҹƺоǹһꡣ̫
ڱĸλϿ࣬룬ܽѾײˣҪǮûУˣ
Ȼһۣ¶һ˿ЦݣȻŤͷǰ·һʵôϵİ
һᵽ£̲סЦЦ١һΪľܺأ
֪ô
ǰûкȹ𣿡
Ⱦư
ҳɵ
ǰûȹ
ҳԾ
ʲôȻһκȾƣһѾǲĳɼ˰
ǷҰ͸һֿɰģҲЦЦ١
Цʲôһۣ㻹ûиңôϵأ
ұ㵽ϵİҿԴһ˿΢Ц
ĶȻ΢΢Ķҵϵİ
ϴּ䆪
ЩȣЩɬȻһۣҡҡ򡭡ûӰ
΢΢һȣɬЦЦ١ҡˡҡҰĿӣ
ȻӶ͸ˣ㡭ǡ˰
ٺ١ֻͬɬЦЦ
Ц㣿ȻյһͰӿٳ
ҡҶ޹

һ޳ꡣ
޳ҸоɬɬءĬĬﵽ·ߣϾ⳵һٻģϾûǮ޳ҵİԵɣϾ
ûװͰ͵ءݺݵر޴һ٣Ѿܲˡ
ܹһ֮ĻԸ͵͵ߡ
ιȻұµ͵͵߰
ȷʵ뷨
һתɬɬЦЦ١ûаҡҳ羰
ߣ㻹鿴羰бҡ
ˡĬĬؿ룬Ȼʵ㡭ܽ衭ֻһ𣿡
Ϊȴ绰Ϊ̸˵ģۻĿġ
ʲôȳԾգһٿǮĳֵһϾʹ˰
ǰҡֻˡ
Ǹù͸ļһôİ
ˡ룬ƺ¸࣬˾Ҳ¡
ߣȻŭңֻôްҿǻˣ
ƺԶԣֻƵĿ
ң죬Ȼʵ˭绰
ˡҾؿȡ
˭ȣŭˣֻǸֵŮѴ绰
ˡҽ͵ʵºͺá
֪ʲôƨιˣ
ʲô
Ǽƨߣôѿһŵ㣬롭͡
ɬɬһۣˡҲʩ˵ò۰С·˭޴
ʱһۣȻĬƬ̣ʵ㻹
šҵ˵ͷ
ҵͷ̵ͳֻҡ
㱳˾ǱҲòǸùˡҵ汲Ҳûڹúİ
ҸսӹֻֻһһСĸ˵磬Ҹæֻ
ֻ˿ԥƬ̣Ȼ󱶸ᷳؽͨ˵绰
š衣ֻص
ֶֻصѾˣ衣˵ҪҲȥ˰ǡôҲ̫˰ɣ
֪衣ֻصڻгУԤڵ˭úܺãûõʹ尾
һȻ¶һ㵣תΪԹŭ֣ȻǡһҶ˵绰
ţ˺ѷεغһɤӣȻֻ߾ȫˤȥֻRһֻķѵط˼ҡ
ĪءĿɿڴؿû֨
ϣҪ˵Ŀⶢҡ
Ҳ룬úǰǱһܰɣ֮û
˭֪һûü˲ġӰȭžͷϮˡ
йһ£Ҳ͵˰ɣȻûûˡֿʼչʾġӰšˡ
һŭ𣺡ˣ
Ȼͣŭҡ
Ҳͬյص˵Ϊˣֻ۸СŮӣ
˵ã˭ҵĻδֻӶȭš
ٿȻҷŭץס˫֣ҴС
ϣһŶҽżϡ
۵ͷӶһæ˫֣ȣȻ£ס˽ż⡣
ʱȻһЦ٣
һӻ̧ͷһϣЦᡣ
Ƭ̺˫ȣ˫ۣȻա
ҵ⸱ģЦЦһᡣ
Ҳ֪ǿģģ

˺

공վ࿪ųʱҲ룬ҪһٻĳҲŲأǲĳ˰ɣȥҲҪɲзˣ㲻зϣҲΪֲˣлصȻ˵㣬ǲʱȥİΣ
ţϣҵĸǰͣ˳̽ͷ΢΢ЦЦ
һҧʮ¾һ⸱ģҸæ˵˾䣺߰ɡ
˵æתҪȥ
ٿȻұµҪȥĶ
󣬺Ȼεת˵С㣬УѾñˣҵ͵ģȻȵģ͸͸簡
٣ȻһЦȻ󶨾ؿ˿ң΢΢ЦЦˣϳ
ˡһصԼȥɡлл
ûгѣôȥ
·
Ǻǣ֣·ë֪жԶ𣿡
֮УһҲëģǮˣһ޳ѵġ
㣿ٿȻɴӣңƿ˳ţֱҶ
ŵæ˲һµ˵ˡǽŶ㡭ҪҡŶ
ϣһЦº͵ؿң˵Բϳ
ٿȻĪؿͣ˲ȻĬĬע룬Ȼôг⣬˰ɣϳɣҪĲлصĻҲõȹ˶00ܵɣ
ţҺȻȻûֻĬĬƹߵ˳ǰ˳ϡ
ڼʻºŤͷųϵң΢΢ЦЦȻЯĻױõСӵݸҡţ΢΢һЦţգǰһ˽䡣
Ʋ죬һۣȻӹһգɵˣԭʹòǡӰȭǡȭһĳҵݣҲ㳶ƽ˰ɣ
žǷ׵ģ˽䣬һӻ𣬲Ұͷľλһ˦ŭ룬ԭһ޳ѣë㣡
ȻЦ΢΢ؿңŭҲ߯˰ɣЦ
Ȼ֡
ʱ޳Ļ˹Ҹæͷҵĳ̬
޳Ļǰ󣬳ò˵С㣬鷳ѳŲһŲ㵲ǵˡ
ŶԲ𣡡ص
Ȼ˳
޳󣬺Ȼ·ԵĿյͣȻ˳ȥ˳βˡ
Ƭ̺󣬲ϣק˳š
ʱֻһ䡣
Ȼ˳ڣڳ
Ҳӵʵ㡭㡭Ҫ𰡣
㣿·Ҳҡ
񣬡ѡ·
ǰ
·̫ðɣ
ʲôأ·ôҩˮ
ˡЩɬɬؿ˰ɣ
㺦߰Ц΢΢ʵ
ǰҵոһȣҪǡ沿͵ġ
΢΢һЦ˵ߣˡ
͡׵ͨͨ
ЦţȻͷ˼䣬ȡһƿ׵ҩˮúõؿαϰɡ
ߣҲһƣٸһǳʲôأ
ϸĵظͿĨҩˮһЩжҲǸ̫ḻ˰ɣ
ΪҷйΪһĳأҲðһֵ⡣
ҺȻСʵոաǲǡ
ֹͣͿĨǩĬĬؿ˿ңȻʵ֪
š㡭ʡ
㶼ˣʣ˰
ص͵ûʹ
٣˼һЦȻĬƬ̣ˣڰ·Ϳ˰ɡ
˰ɣ
ҿĸ첲û
û¡
ѲѣңȻͷǩ
šҵӵؿġˡ
ϣһȾѹҵĴϣקµһŦۡ
ٿȻҸæסڣţһɬ˵㡭
Ȼץסҵ˫֣Ҫ
ʹڡ
ŤקȥģҲŶ
ˡˡˡϣһλžó
ŵͣ˷
ȴ˳קµһŦۡ
ϣλž˸ڿ˿С㣬ģעӰ졣ڴͥ¡˵㿴Ѷڳɶ㻹롭ʵ롭ǸĻؼȥˡ
ٿȻߵģֹסľٶ

Ѻ

أڳ˯ˡһûۣҲЪЪˡ
ʱ򣬺Ȼֳͣһ³⡣ľĻ谵ĻҸоһĪĿ־塣룬أȥĶ˰ξ
ţٿȻһգߺʹֱҡΡԭѾ˵ñˡһԲʹסգҧ
ʹȥҳ˼Ƭ̣ȻҺȻƿ˳šȻϣһƣſԲһϣ漴ľˡˡˡֱ¡
ŵ³æײ˳š
𶯣һƵ
̧ͷһһţּæ˼Χסҡ
ٿȻ룬ҵ͵˰ɣ
ҳǸͷıɬɬһЦ͵ŶҸոƳšƵ߯ˣԾ͡ײԱߵĳˡ
٣ǸͷıһЦͨС͵ô͡
١ɬɬؿġС͵
С͵˵ԼС͵
ɡҡĲǡ
٣˵ǣͷԵģ˼ҴøͷƵˡǲûǮˣԾ͵Ǯ˰
ҡ١пԣЦãС͵
֮ĳĳ˵ţԵһС
ˡҡ
ϣٿȻô
ţǶˢˢࡣһһλ߹ʵŮǶɵۡ
ʱһƷֻֽ
ǰһȺΧңʵʲô˼
ȻǸͷıͷԲС㣡ʶ
ߣһ뵽ǶԴʱ̬ȣҲ룬ǹۿ˵ͣ
ûػص㲻֪ҵͣλҵĳҲʶҵĳ𣿡
ŶԲ𣬶Բ𣬶Բ𣡡
ߣбһ
ţǸͷıָæҵͷԲ𣬶Բ𣬶Բ𣡡
Ȼɢȥˡ
Իؿ˿࣬룬ôôɰ
ϳ˳ϡ
ڼʻúŤͷһֻҡ
ҸоĪءءɻؿûҽӹֻֻµʵҵġ
⳵ϳҺ㣬˭
ˡҳ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ΢΢ЦЦ١Ǯ
𰡣
١ĬĬؿԺûǮȻ˰Ҫǵʱ򡭡ңô찡
٣мһЦ˵˰ǮˣǶȥˡ
ɬɬһЦûٷʲôΪҲұ֤ԺǷԻڴҾãĿǰȥҲֻǽ±⡪һ˳ԱȫҲ֡
ҲҽӹֻȻ˵㲻ҵľװϽΡŤŤ㲻żŮѴ绰𣿡
Ц΢΢ؽӹֻ˵лл
Ȼҵ΢΢һЦ͵ҽƷѰɡ´ΣһˡҪòȢţҿôĹŮ
µЦһ䣺ǾȢŮ膪
ߣȻһۣ̫߳ʱɡ
ҲɬɬЦЦ룬Ҳǣôܿأǵȵϣ
תͷȥˣҪʱҵð˳ҵ˾䣺Щôʶ㰡
ΪǼҵнˮš˳Կס
ңʵ
Ҽҵ̳
ҵ̳𾪵
ǰƺͷŤͷһۣǲϲἰЩǆ£úõĸŮѴ绰ɣ
ֻͨȵĵ绰ȻܽˡҺû־ĵʧСǣһǲģּһ飬ɾܽˡ
ֻĻظֻԺ˯ˡ
֪˶ãֻԺظоڶ˵Ǯˡ
ˣ߽ǵ˿ڴĻǮ
ǣǾƵûг㰡
аɽ亣ζȫ
Ԥһ硣
磿ˣ컹ûš
ߣ˯û㡣
һûۣܲ𣿡
ߣһϣ˺Ȼ
أۣŵҡᡱһ£ӡԭ˾Ȼܡ
ôܵͣ˰ţһҵƿһȳţ˳
ʲôʱص˾Ƶ갡ô֪أĻҡǲšˣȫˣ
ʱ͸ܵ࣬һ۹б̬ƺ˵

¶

÷ʲôƺҶˡҲҵĿధҲҹӰԶ룿Ҳǡ
վڳߣ͸򶨵ܣسƺܣ
ң˵ұײ˳ţĬĬȥ
ʱȻŤͷ˿࣬ͳʵһϣ
ǰԵú̹ʵػص
٣һЦתǰһǰҵʲôˣ
㣿Ҳʾһۣ˵أʲôˣ㲻ҪҿˣҪҿδˣҪǿ飬ҸͲġ
㻹ûԸ
١ҲЦЦܣͨ꣬ҲоˣҶ˵ġĲеġѾܲȥˡ
٣ЦҡҡͷðɡھͳƺС㣬ɡѵһûǮûƣһһСձҵġؤһˣио𣿡
ⲻ롣
٣಻һЦֻҵͨѡȨѵġȻоҾþͲӦƶΪоֻˡ
ɱҼҸĸŵʲôУҪ֪ĿģϣĹ˾У
٣ʲôҲûгŵ̹˵ǾҵһЩɣ룬ҵĻһռǣõҲֻ۵ǣܵӵһſͷ֧Ʊ󣬵ԽԽ࣬ԽԽ٣Ʋġ
֮ⷬ󣬲øĵͳˣͬʱİԹŭϣȻͷҺѾ
Ȼŵһ˾ƵĴá
Ҳ֪ҵǷ̫ƽ
磬Īأܼһ绰˵ȥһ˵ڰ˻ҡ
룬ܼȥңǿҹֳɫҪΪܰɣ
ߵڰ˻ǰƿҵţһֻǸĬĬɳϡǣ룬ң޳ң̸ֵܾΪҺ¶
ҹ߽ңţȻܶ
ΪŭһۣżɽƵҾͿһ㵽׸ʲôϵ
ҡҵػص˵ʵҺûκιϵ
ûУ
šҵ˵ͷ
Ǻãûˣ뿪Ƶꡣڣϣ
Ҿȵʵ󵽵ĽΪӰڶġʵУҲ⡣޷ģȥδأⶼǸĻ
룬ȻܣûҵĹһǮš
ǰҲ̫ˡ˵꣬ٿȻ˫һ
󣬲ϣȻĸοı
ɵˣоһ£ͷƤ졣
ĸΧҵͬʱߵſڣȻһ䣺ǲҪ̫ˣСʱ͵ˡ
һܴţȥˡ
ҸСʱû뵽𡢺ݶ
ҺҳģٿȻһ䣺ϵ£ҿԳ˰ɣ
ƺӦϵڶ˵Ѿģ
ۣҵĸӦûʧɣϵôصصıǻˣ
ĸɳϰΪǵӡųһЦһЪŰɡ
Ȼҳ˹ֱӻȭͷӭҵ̫Ѩ
ٿȻ̫˸գסȭͷеķŭ̧һġ϶ϡֻȻ˺󣬹ڵءߣҲŭݣѾ꣡
ΣȻ¶Ŀɿڴ
ٿȻ
Ǽ״ˡȻǼǸڵſɰǸо־ˡ
Ҳ˵ǶһĻͷɣʵֺοأܸǿٹǮأΪǮԼԣǲÿɱ𣿡
ҵĻѾ˵˾أȻв۵˴ڣ
Ȼһҡߡһ˹
ҪƯЩ롣ֻǵ
Ҳù߶ʮһˣٿȻҷڿգһȣһġ϶ϡ
صһ˲䣬Ѿס˿ɣһ󰧺
ϣʣµŵáͨһڵأæ磬߰ɣ
٣һЦ
Ȼұȥˡ
קʱӭࡣ
Īءؿ˿ңȻڿ˿Ȼ𾪵ɣĻṦ򣿡


 5 

Ůʧְ

Ҳ֪㲻һԴᣬҡʻȼپƵꡱ𣬾Ϊһ롱Ϊ롱ˤ÷飬ѵһ졣һδݵ㾳ءֻӵһݹֻúõءĬĬعĳƺעҵı硣
ʱ˿̣ҶٶһƫաνջˮΪҵػ쳣̫ƽģҿʼһᷳС
ĶԹҲȥ˽⣬Ϊ֪Ǯ˵ϷԭΪǮ˵ǿֵģҿֹۡ
ǿҲãҲãֻ֮ûʱȥμǵϷģҲֻùԹԵءſƧĳˮڶС
ʰҵͷ֮ұ̤ˡ;ȥδҲ֪
ӭϦӾƵԺſڴжŵ·ķȥоеţУֻһţñ
ֳ̬ͳֻͨȵĵ绰ֻ룬ܹһѣǣܽˡҲνʧˣѵʱ뿪ҵ𣿲ͨҲãΪͨ󣬻ûеõԮ˳
绰ЦҡΪ˳סûУôͰ
һʱĴ꣬ΣԼֻ޾ʹưͳԻһ㡣
һδε֮ҵ˼άƺóЩ
ڤ˼ʱ򣬺Ȼҵֻ룬˭֪ҵֻŵİʱ򣬻˹עң漣
ֻһĻʾţ
ࣿ롣ûдֻŰѵڰֻʱԼϵģ
ԭҺ侲һһ֮Ȼ
ͨ绰û˵УС㣡ɧˣѾ㺦ò
󣬵绰Ƕ˵ĬƬ̣Ȼصɧ㣿ߣ㻹Ϊ˧»ʤ󷢰
㵽׻ôյУС㣬̹˵ֻǳˮһֻ̰˯ĸ󡣬ٴҰ˯ˣ𣡡
ǵûгѻҲø绰ţ
ңҺȻһЦ٣УС㣬ҿɲٱҼʮźң
ʲô˵ʲô˵һ飡
ҿɲٱҼʮźң
ߣ㲻󡣬һֻСͷڹ꣡ͣƬ̣ȻйãҾͲ㣬ж
бܵؽһ
ô
ˡɬɬغ޳ܵԵĻҡʮǮɣ
١ٿȻһЦº͵Ķ
߹ƵԺţûԶ·ϡ
ŶŰɡ
Ҷϵ绰ұƣͣ˲·ԡȻһƨϡ
һҪ˭֪ٿȻ̮ˣˤҸֲ籿һ㣬ˤ˸֫졣ǿЦáģǼˣ
󣬲оԼһʹ̧ȥٿȻɵˣ룬ôʪʪһƬ
ȻתȥϼһʯʺѪӡ
أʹˡҧأһֻѪٿȻҿֻŵֽס˺ףֻойȪˮӿ
֪ⲻʵҾͲˣ
ʱɫҵĸǰͣ
ཱུ³̮ԼȣһƬǽ壬̧ͷҡ
ҵһֻֽںףæʵô
ҡɬѿؿ˭֪ôһ̮ˣˤһӡ
١ȻһЦǸбתȥҿ
Ҹһתæ˳קţٽҵԼӽ˳ڣȻæƹͷ˳λţιϳˣ
ƹͷ˹ȥæ˹
ϳ˳żæ١
Ȼ˾䣺ǲǡذ
ʡɣ㣡󱳶Ⱦˡרעضǰ·

˻ҽԺ³ͱ˹û˵ͽϡҸоǿеҰ
û뵽ȻôҾͳҽԺ
ϣȻһ䣺ǱޣôᣬȻܰˣ
ҽԺȣȣȡ
ҸжһֻΪΪ
Ҳвΰ룿

Ůͬ

ΪʧѪ࣬˿ںҴӼ߳ʱ򣬸оģ·λƵģǺ˾һ㡣
վڣ·ģȻһЦ
ʱ˿̣Ҳû˵ʲôˣûȥʲôˡ
ңȻһЦȻǰҵĸ첲
ҵһμһ档
ǣҲ΢оЩɬΪܾҺ롣ԵʰɣҲǱԭ
һξҺȻϸ˵һ䣺С㣬Լ߰ɡ
ȻһЦҰģҲ֮Σġ
ôһ˵Ҳ΢΢ЦЦо֪˵ʲôˡ
ҽԺѾˡʮɫĵƹҹա
ϳղԵôˡ˵ҽԺǰȡ
ȻʱڳϣҲȥȥ⣬³ҪԻǱҹˡҿһһƾɵ䣬ǻڽֵµ龰龰ʮԽ߳Ϻ龰
ͬʱҿ˸Ц㲻ǻṦôССʯӶ
룬صҪȥ԰
һЦ֮Ȼ˵˵ſǰʻȥˡ
һۣ˼ЦЦȻʵԭṦ򡭡֮ǰô۸ôִҰǡҰ
ˡҲ˿ΪŮ˰
ŮˣƺЩˣŮأ
Ҳˣסˣû㡭ǸôŮ˰
ûн飬ӦŮŶ
ǡ룬ҪһӲĻϰʮŮ
㣿һۣҿéƨ͵ҳͣ
㡭㣡

ҺȻðһʡϸϸҲܺˣôΪʲôôأ
ֲ֪ôʣ
صȻŽֱͣ
ʱҲ룬ֵ³ʱˣȥδأ
ңٿȻʵ㵽Ķ
Ļҵ룬Ȼص͡ɡ˵Ķ㣬Ϊҡûյ㡣ǡлл㣬С㣡
˵ţҴ˳ţҪ³ȥ
һ
һͷûڴܸʲô
ûסĵط𣿡ؿҡ
ˡɬɬؿа
Ķ
ˡ룬ֻҪнֵƵĵطҵס
ǡĬƬ̣ѳŹϰɡ
Ȼ³󡭡ҵȻҪѳŹٴлл㣬С㡣Ǯˣһỹ㡭޳ѡֻѡҽƷѡʮǮ
١Ȼ˼ЦЦ㣿ҲҪ³ٹسŵġ
ǡƺڻԼ
ף³ɡ
ôһ˵ٿȻ˳šٶȱȹٻ켸򱶡
٣ȻһЦ
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أеҪըһ㡪ΪʲôأȻЩҰԵǶҲػɣ
ţҲԼйʡʡɣɵϣ˼ֻķֶˣǰĳԸƻЩӪɣһ˯þջûףֱ˸󶴣֪һܺأˣأNûԹƻˣװʲô˹İ
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ʱɣŷɫԡ´ԡ˳̻ʵģȻһЦ١ǳ࣬Ƶģ
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ţҾסԼС߶һ䣺СѣԣǧУ棬һһȵԸк

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ĵԭıƢɣ߮ãҪҲΪ㽫Ҹ룬ϼš߮һӣԺ󻹲İ費ǰͽǼңҲŵԵһ¡ҵĹ˾ȻûϹУҲǾǰǿҵ֮һҲڵز̳εȡһϯ֮ء貢ϣϵļҲϣ޵档ΪҵŮ𣿡
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ͬ

ڽҵһǣƺһرĸжж˵ôŵʱ̻ôңû취Ӵ˰һ꣡
û˵ڣҲû˵ΪҸоֻһʱĳ嶯顣
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ңҺȻ룬Ϊ˲ŪȻĬĬشӴӡȡһA4ֽŴӱͲȡһֻǩֱʣֽдȥ˯ɡϷģҲռ˵ģұ֤Ͱ˯ɡ
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㡭߮ߺ޵һۣ
٣һЦҲ˰ҺѾһ˰˰ɣ㣿
ҡҡϣ߮ȻŭҪ˻飡

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ţҲ˯ˡ

УҸоҵƨɣҲתӣƽ˱ڡȻ˭֪һ£Һ׵˿ڣʹٿȻӡ
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ţҲСء󵨵ŲŲŲ費ɫּŲ˼
վţȻŭ
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ҲλɵǣǿǣٿȻ˵ˣллߡ
δҾٰ˳ȥ
ںʱࣿѾˡ


 6 

ͳ

ҹܾ谵ҹҸоһƬ㯡
ĵ¥Ȼ鲻ǰ¥̧ͷķ䣬룬ҲˣұһУֺαظ鷳أǡһֱףΪʲôôأҪ뿪һܹһݵٿԵҺ׵˺ˣȥҹ뿪
ڱģҲ
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һξٿȻ룬ˣҵļǶأΨһļҲˣУҵ취ûУҪȻ·ˣûǮ·ǡӦûû߰ɣˡأֻûҵǹ£ʲôµİ
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Ⱦ
˭֪ɵܵñ軹죬ֻٿȻһͽסˡ
ûа취Ҳֻõӵת͵͵һۡ
ʱҲ_ĿӣȻʵǲǻûȥ
ˡ룬صǰֻȥûҵ
˵ţһɬɬЦЦ١ҲҾ뵱ûҵ٣˲
ߣһۣ컬ģҲˣʲôķѾҷˣȥҲǴ򲻿ŵġ
ֻȥ·ġŵĻͺһȥˡ
ʱȻ˼Ƭ̣ʵжǶ
šҲû룬ֻĿǰûǮ򡣡
ð졣ֵһۣȻֻҪ֪֮Ҫˣ
ȻͳһԪҡ
ȻǰңԵһǧ飬㹻ˡ
ĿƬֻ̣ҪҵҲҪǮġ
֮ǮҲûͿŰɣ
룬ôԵǺðɣҵǼҲ˺üˣ۾ɼۣڶֵԪҴ׬ͷǮأǾͳɽɣ
ţٿȻӹǮ룬Ҳˣ滮㣡
Ȼҿ˿裬˵ģߡллټ
˭ҸһתȻ屣˵ȥһ̣
ٿȻҸо˰ɣ
ˣߣҳŮһĺɣ
˵ţȻŭﻹʲôϰһ̣
Ŷ
һ£λںȻ˳
ţ˼ʻǰȻյλݳıڶϣ˽һ
˶·Ҳ󵨵سλݳı˵硭ҵɡлл
żŲæػصû廷ء
ٿȻһ㶡
٣һЦѣȰ˯һɡǻ³ġ
ǡҺȻǡҪҡȥĶ
٣һЦϼĶ
ϡҸǽˣᡭһغϰɣ
٣ϣ̫Զˣ͵ӱڰɡ
ٿȻĿࡣ
ϣҲںλںȻסҡӦԷһ
أҾ룬Ȼ˵磬ģҲôġ˵ҲģΪҺ׵˿ڻûãοҲǼ¡
ֻҪǾͻᱣ֤ȫġ
ģҾԺ
ģ
ģ
λԥƬ̺󣬽ɿҡ
ȻҲءпαϣ˯һ룬˯һߵҫˣ뾳ûʲôֹܲһؾɣУֻСӲóû뵽Ϊ࣬Ҫôң
أҽ˯ˡ
ԺУҸоңţιѣ³ˡ
Ǳľ裬ٿȻӡ
ҳȥʱֻҹһ޼ʵ׵ء
ʱݳλ˳Ȼק˳ţ˵ˣѣˣ³ˡ
ȻҲںλڴһȳţ˳
ΣҲֻ˳
Ȼҳһһ䣺磬Ķ
׵ذ
Ŷ룬粻ˡҲ翴׵ء
Ժ󣬴λ׵﷽һ󣬱˳ͷȥˡ
ǿʧҹºңޱ޼ʵġɵ׵أҲĻš㯡ѹ֡־塭
ţҲһʫ䣺׵أԲ˼ҹҶҹš
Ҳ֪Ҫһܻص
ǣûа취Ҳֻˡ
Ȼȥ׵˿յأŪЩݣȥΪ룬Ҳֻܵȵ취ؾˣ
Ҳ֪Եڸ֣ôԴʶһıأ

λؾ

ΰУЦظӡȻҼӵ񲻻⣬Ҳʵ𰡣
ţأ˯ʵ˫ۡʱѴȻԻܵ׵أʵĶ
Ƭ̺ҽҹһС
˰ҺȻ룬ôÿζμأѵǰйһõԵ
ţʱϣɵˣˣͷƤˡһڴҵĸͷţʱʱشϸϸӡ
ţȫˡ˾ľͷƵǶҶ㡣
أס˺ȻŷͷƤ˫ۡ
ԼӺٿȻо沿һǹɱĶҵ沿䶯šΨס˫ĿӲš
ٹ˴ԼӺҵ΢΢ۣء͵͵ؿ˿ʱоѾҵ壬Ҳᡱһվȱ
Ȼϴһ̶һȻֹ
ҷӦ󣬱ŵðһ亹ҵһĳͷԭҿֻ֮Уܵ·롣
ÿ·ʱֻоһŲ˽Ų
ʱһŵȻײˡƬ̺һλƷĹ˹
˫ӥһ㶢ҿһæ˵ԲҡҵˣҲ·
ˣң㵱Ȼˡ
ͬ־Ҽæ͵ֻǱŵģҲ
ٷϻȻĶģ

Ŷֲãһϵ·Ҳˡ
ͬ־Ĳ
ϻضңʲô֣
ꡣ
֤
û취ֻʵʵͳ֤ݸ
ӹ֤ؿ˿ȻִһȻʵôܵĽҰأ
ˡ룬ġ
Ҳֻԭԭؽһ
Ŷ¶ص˵ͷȻ󽫡֤ңԭⰡ
˵ţȻһЦ٣Ǯ¾ǹ֡ûȨֹر١
תҪϳҲ󵨵˵һ䣺ͬ־һ𣿡
ͷңصϳɡֻ㵽ǰϣΪִץһӱӷ

һ̽ڵ˶ݻվ
Һ軹󷽣һǧǮҪȻҪߵ000ܵҲģȻҵĽҰأôͲӦøǮ·
磬ҷ˱
صȥһСƽҺ׵˿ںЩȥҷݹ
ļҺʧȥϵҺԭյˣûпܰҵġҰҲֻһ·Ծûϵ˵ӦֵҵġֺαҪأ
ڽ谲߮ĻҲͲعˡ
ҵƺƽ
һںֻصҹ
ȥȵĵλҹȣԭҺһУȻѾû˻ᣬΪѾµѡ
죬վԶµǣƺû˿˸лʧ䡣ȻҷҸİѾήžԵһÿ㹻ˮ֣Ҳ޷̳ˡ
ѵʱֺҵİѾɱˣʵ׵ģܹҵģ
νԵνమƺֻξеֻ̣ǳ˵Σ
ࡣȻ߮Ļô׷ʲôأĪǾѰˣ
ǣԼԼУҸоҲˡ
ȻżҲȥ߮Ļ£ĴΣĲģҰҵĺãĵεΡ
ưǰҲ޷塣ź˿һ㡣Ҳ֪ʲôǣҺദ
ڤڤУָоһΪܸоҺĹ»ûнٵ֪ΪʲôôãѵֻΪƺŷ
Īأǻᾭҹμ
ν˵˼ҹΣҲ֪Ƿ͵͵ذ
Сʱ˵˵иҹ˼ĻᾭһĸӦͺ߶㣬ͻһ
Ҳ֪Ǽ٣
ΪˣȥһܹΡ


 7 



ں＾ٽҵµĹȥһҲ
أҷҵʱĸѾʵˣûа취ΪƣҲֻȥˡ
Ҵ˲һںһλвķԱһ顣
һ磬Ҽ˴˼䣬ҽӭȥ
ΪҵĻչ˫ʱȻɬֹˡϣ˴˼һЦҸоûӡ
ǸʹģҲʵô㣿
һʣȻߺ޵ģɵ
ôһҾ֪׼Ǹոĸ˵ǣʵ˭ô˰
ģǴ˹˰ˣȻҺʲôƲûвĲ𣿡
ҿ룬Ϳ˰
ֹĻңңǡֲҶ졣˭ǷԱأ
ʱǸίӣҲյԱôֻṩģֲṩģĶûȥˣж
ȥæ
ûµģҿɲ
һˣῪģ˿ϵ
ʲôϵ۰ϵӦʴȵ˵Ķ
㡭ĵؿ˿ңҪȥ
ȥʲô˵Ķ
ĵ
Ҳ΢΢һ㶣䰡˰
٣ʱȻһЦ˰
ʲôҺȻװŲмһ˵ػص
ȥ԰ɡֻһˡ
Ҿȵһˣð䣿ʲô˰
˼Ҹܵȥ֪ˡ

Ȼȥ̨һ˵һ֧Բʣȥĵ
ƿʱɼǵľڵͷǸ
ҷȥʱɵˣˡԭǸļһﾹȻ࣡
ǵľͷҽˣʵ𰡣
Ŷ˰
ȥȥȥˣ
ʱһۣȻǵ˵ˣͲ鷳ˣҵ˰ɣ
һ񣬡ֻǴԱˣ
Ҿ͵ˣ𣿡
ŶֻͷһۣȻصǡðɣֻҪ˾Ϳԡ

ȥ࣬أҽоȻȵġţҵҲʼ̵̹ġΪйǷ֮룬ԵҵɬΣͬʱҸ𾪡û뵽
һŴԲǰңĬãȻȻ΢΢ЦЦ
ǣҲɬɬЦЦ
ֹƬ̺ȻһЦʵ찡
ˡҸǸоȣ̫⡭յİɣ
죬̫
ǡɬǡѪ̫ˣҸȥѪ
ֽЦЦȻ󣬺Ȼá

ʲôž
Ŷľľػص
ȻƬ̣תˡһ
ʱ˿̣Щʲôסĵ˷ܺϲԼǧǧʺͻ
Ƭ̺Ȼӭҡ
Ϊҽõӵǣ˭ϣǰû˵ͳͷػӶ˫֡
֪ҲŲأ
ͷĵ˵ԲٿȻأȻұܵ˫ֻסգȥ
Ȼϣһɵڵءʱͣ
ٿȻ
޵úģѹ˺ܾá
һֱֻķйߣţҵһ֮
ҭһСȻḩңȻҪˡ
飿ٿȻʧŭϲҸ𣿡
ֿ˿ң˵ø˵
ø˵ͲҪ˵Ұ
㡭ḩңӣ㣿𲻶㰡
ȻһֻʾҪק
̧һִֻģȻص㲻˵Ժ󲻴𣿡
󣬲һ㶣ʵ㻹ǵ仰
š룬˵㻹˵ҵʱ򣬲Ҷ
㶣㡭ȫﰡ
šҵ˵ͷ
קĪأؿ˿ңȻҳȥ߰ɣ
ˡ룬һҪϰš

ǡҺȻĬƬ̺Ҳʲôʱ鰡


Ů

˵¸ҪˣٿȻĪأҸоҵǱ˭סˡ־ĵʹҸоԺкȻյġָоƺúͻȻҴֲͺСһ𳤴ͻȻ˵ҪˣŷԼѾʧȥˡжҪֻ֪Ϊʹ
ǿĪֻнסĵʹװһµӡȻȴʹ
ҵĵظҡСװˣѾˣ
ȻҵԺȴĬĬ˵ѣʡʡɣֻͯĴ˵ʵǲڵģ
ٴο˿࣬ҺȻӣʰ˵ڵϵĵ˵Բʡ
úõ˵ԲʣվҿȻɬɬء΢΢ЦЦ١С㣬Ǽ˰ɣ
ٴĪءؿң˵Щʲôûпڡ
ֻĬš
Լһ룬ȻתΪϲ΢΢Ц㣬ڡʲô
١΢΢ЦЦ˼Ƭ̣롭㲻ѣ
ؿң㻻ƺһȷ˵ԲƺΪС㡯ҡ԰
ҲɬɬһЦ٣ǡ
ֹס˻룬һֱ﷽ʽ٣ϴΣΪƺȳҶȥˡҺͺõġ
󣬲񣬺Ȼʵһֱ
٣ҺȻεһЦҸİǿüģһ磬γһô̴̵ĴٺˣҶˣΪ괺ůʱҶ±鲼֦ͷڲˣΪԭǿˣٶˮ֣Ҳֻܹã̳ˡ
ΪҰɣʵ
ǡҴΪʵɣ½һк˵Ǯġ
ŶĪؿ˿ңҡȥ߰ɣ˵㻹ҪϰŶҲ
ǡҳɵؿ
㣿ĪţǱȥٰ
ŶƺЩľľġΪҺȻһΪ꡷ϸ裬ġ㡭һ㣬Ϊ㽫Ϊ˵Ҳ֪ǲһΪ¸Ϊ˵
ȻȥߣôҲԸ߲㡱ˡ
ҿҲֻǽԷ壬ɢɢĵģΪҿóѹûʲô
Ҵĵ󣬴ȥʱϣԼλͬ¼ʱЦúϲˡԭΪҵ沿ֱ״ӡ
һǳЦǵӢ۳˰
һһ𴫲˵ĸǳ˴ĴָЦӢۣҶľʱһ㣬ﲻ
ʱңֹסЦʹ㿴㣬ҽ㲻ҪȥڱӣһµĹʻҽҩѵģ
ҲֻǿЦãû˵ʲôȻֱȥˡ
æ㲻ȥҾְ˰ɣ
һͷһۣصû¡
Ŷ
ŽҺҵģȻȻҵʱ㲻ҪȥڡҲûãɲ㹤ˡ
ġڡͬ˵ˡˣ
ߵİ칫ǰصΪģ١
٣ͳء˼ؿңֻˣȻӰ촫˵ġ
ǣΪ룬ΪϢ졣
Ϣ죿Ȼ˼Ƭ̣ȻĪҳһ˵㣬һ깤졣
Ҳһ㶣ɵˡ
ǡһۣˡһдڡһʮһ٣Ƕʮһ죻Ԫ죬죬죻һʮܣÿϢգҲǾʮ죻һҪ˯˸СʱҲһҪ˯ǧŰٶʮСʱôԶʮСʱҲһٶʮһСʱ룬һٶʮһɣһСʱʱ䣬һһǧİʮСʱԶʮСʱҲʮӰСʱ룬ʮ죻УһСʱϴԷϲ̵ȵȣʮɣô㣬ʮȥһʮһټȥȥʮȥһٶʮһȥʮټʮʣҲһ˵˵һ͹һ죡㻹Ҫ٣
Ҳɵˣ˶ɵˣˣľˡ

Ϊ

ڡҼûôڡģֻٶѣȻôһ㣬Ҳɬɬġ
Ǹģ롭ɣǡΪ˱סһʱķ룬ֻѹסļԹŭԵÿЦãΡ
ԶһЩĻҷǵһȭ۾ɣûа취ǱϾں£гУ˵ҲǽΨһ취Ҳֻķʽ̸ˡ
Ƭ̺ҳͽ΢΢һЦ˵٣ֻٶ˵ġܲɣҸ㣿
㣿ظʲôĆ㹤Ҹ㹤ʣ
ֻҵͶáһصȻҪҪҵͶֵǮǣҲˡڡһʮһǹҹ涨Ľڼղ٣ǶҪӰ࣬Ƕʮһ죻ԪǻҪӰ࣬죻һȻԼʮܣǸû˫գǾʮ죻һʮСʱϰʱ˵ʮ㣬Ҳ˵ÿ칤ʮСʱһǧһһʮСʱͳԶʮСʱɣҲǶһʮӾСʱһ룬һʮɣУÿǿ˱ÿҹﶼʮ°࣬ÿӰСʱһ߰ʮСʱԶʮСʱɣʮСʱһ룬ɣȡټȥһɣΪżһ컹°࣬ʮɣһӰɣʮһӾʮӶһʮһʮ죬ʮģҲ˵һҪʮ졣ôһж죿
ˡٿȻһ㶣ԶˣĬ
ߣ룬϶˰ɣ
ǣҳʤ׷˵˵˵һϢһ죬ѵٶ𣿡
ˡ˼Ƭ̣ȻͳðɣҪ۰칤ʡ
ֻĿˡ
оǲУƾȨҲҪʤһ
ʲôˣԲˡйʲôȱǲȱˣ㲻ɻ˵Ÿء
Ǻãѹʸҽ˰ɣеŭڱȼˣ˭˭ɣ֮Ҳˣ
ˡֳĬˣƬ̺ȻغͰǡɣ칤ҾͲ˰ɣǧҪԱ˵¶𣿡
šҿ¶ص˵ͷõġ
Ǻãȥɡ
ллȴ룬Ҳˣ
Ƕ˵Ե춨Ҳ֪㲻ǷΪۣڿ԰ĵȥȥˡȻΪ˵ôҲֻϧǰַˡνں쳤ؾãֻںӵС
ǣҲ֪ҽӵʲôӵеֻһĸоǰɬͺǳ»ڿݳʱҵһۣʵǸǸڳеġ˿ġ
Ҳ֪żζʲôĪԵݵǣֻǡֻҵĻþԽԽ࣬ʵԽԽףʱţΪ˵֮Ҳֻ޾ı
Һ߳ſʱ˲һλĳ͡
ڲתزһ˲䣬ٿȻˡƬ̺󣬲СءԻ󲻽Һࡣ
ԥؿŲûҶϣȻʵ찡
šұɬɬģ˿ֿ˿ص㲻죬Ҳͬ°
ŶصȵȰɣȥѳ
˵꣬ȥͣ
ڸ˵Ȼʵ㡭ȥҽԺ˰
ʲô˰ٿȻ
˵أ׵ø˽Ƶģѵǳȥ˰
㣿ҵûףΪ˲ǰ¶ʶ룬صǰˡ
Ǳȥ˰ɣƺڵҡ
Ϊʲô
Լĵ̶˼Ҵ˽䣬³˵̻ᡭ
ɣ࿪ǵĸǰͣĻ̽ͷ⣬˲һۣȻС㣬˵ʲô
ŶٿȻӵ˵˵ʺ˽䡣
𣿡
ǵġ
Ȼְ˲һۣȻ˵ϳ
Ŷǣһǰţ˳
泵ԶȥʱæŸҴ˸ƣʾʲôĻ͸Ҵ绰
ǣҵ˵ͷ
ʱȻһ䣺ϲ㰡
ˡ룬ص֪ûҡ
ϲ𣿡


Ե

Ҹ˵ҺͲֻͬ¹ϵ̸ϲ򰮵ġ
Ҳ֪㲻ĵһĻԣ
ǻԵıһȷĴ𰸡ˣҼһʱҾ͵͵
һ뵽¸Ϊ˵Ψаˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳоƶǧ֮⡣ΪϰγϵĻȫûҪǰԵô΢ǡϰγϵĻӦ۲ŶԣôҲûлڱˣĻôڵҲͲˣӦһҲŶԣһҲҰԵ޹ʵıһҲңһҡԵͷʹ֮νǧԵһǣʵƶ

Һ˼ʱϣཫڽһյͣ
һعѾ˳һĵС
͸չ˫ӭ籼ܵģҲ΢΢ЦЦƺܵʱ˿̵ľ
³Ҳӭ籼ָоһ㡣
Ƭ̺ͣ˲ˣȻһµ˲ݵУȻƤڲݵϴ˼
ǸģҲֹס˲ȻߵǰƽڲݵеҲɬɬġ΢΢ЦЦţ
º󣬼մӲݣҵ˵˾䣺㲻ʹ·
٣ڲݵϣңɬһЦ·ʹҲʹҵİȴͷŸ˿˵ţֿɬһЦ٣һʹȴ˼ҵĸܡ
١Ҳ¶ЦЦоĻ£ܸоκͲģԼļİӰ
Ȼ룬ʵҪĽҰذ
ܴȻصԽԽˮΧķðʣ޾ģ
١ЦЦǡ
ʲô˵
ˡɬɬЦţ˿ǲҴȥϼҰɣ
ȥϼңüͷһ壬𰡣Һ˽
æŽ͵ҵ˼ǣϼҵķ羰Ҫϼ򱶣ǲԭɡ
Ķ
ϡ
ϣٿȻɵȻĬ
ôҿʵ
ûôʱĪءЦЦֻ롭һҹˣô찡˵רŵ˷ӹŮģɽҿе񣿡
񣿡
ǰҪȻŲôأҴĻ϶ỹֵġΪƭӵĳܺãǼĳ
ҡұεؿ˿͡ƭӣҲİ˵ģӦ᲻ðˣ
ΪʲôȻؿңԴһ˿Ц⡣
ΪΪ룬ΪͷܰèƭҲпܰϱƭߵİ
ŶǺȻʲôֲԴϳȥ绰ҲҴԭķ֣˺ҡ
㣿Щˣ㻹ҵƭ˰
ʲô㵱ƭӰ㱾ƭһֻƤ
㣿ҼˣҪƭӵĻӦúǮڻǷ㡭ʮǮšСǷ޳ѡ
װΪ˽ӽ֪ҾͲӦͬ㣡
㣿ҽؿ˿Ȼ룬˵ԭԭҺãֻǡΪͬҰֲáԴҸϳȥҲҡ绰ˡ
ͬ㣬ǿ㡣ҵҪ绰ֿģ边Ȼ˸ҵĵ绰˼ҺãҲûҴ绰ҪȻ鷳ˡ벻档
ⷬҾ类һˮӭоġҲ˵⣬İɣҲǣôܶзǷ֮أ
Ļ룬ȻͳǡС㣬ҵǶɣûӵɣ
ûӰ
Ŷлл
ˡ
ҺȻյؿ㡭ôһ˵أ
ӻ̫ȴĪЦЦЦ
١ǣһؿЦЦ
Ƭ̺󣬲ϣĪءЦ΢΢ң΢΢Ȼ
ôʵ
㡭Դ΢Цɬɬؿ˿ң㡭ӦúŮӽӹǰɣ
١ҲɬɬһЦ˵ͷ
ǣǡָоǲǺ۰
ˡɬɬؿ룬ҲҪǽоϲϲԷϲĻ˽Ҳ۵İ㲻ϲĻ»Ҳûоġ㡭ͻȻ
һʲа
ˣæŴŶС
Ȼӡ
ô
ǡؿңɬɬһЦԽǰɣҲû˿
ˡٿȻˣҵԼӿˣպȻһȣáð
㻹ʲô
ŶɬɬؿǡȰ۾ϰɡ
ʱĪؿ˿ңȻر˫ۡ
ƺ̫ͻȻˣһ׼ҲûС˫ۣҲӲش˹ȥȻĪԥˡ
ôûðȻʵ㲻о𣿡
ˡɬؼæص´ʧ
ǿ㰡
áˡ
˭ҸҪ촽ٿȻ߲һҷ˸ƨ
٣ȻһЦ˫ۣͬʱ糺졣
ҸޱȣӶ̵̹ġ̬ؿ룬ؼʱ̣©

¶

Ƕˣʱ̣ôܡ©أĽǾˡҴʧ
ǳΪӰҪؼǽɬˡ
ҪΪҵһƨˣֻ㾽̬ؿ΢΢һЦ٣˼ҡ
ңҲɬɬһЦ糺죬ûлػ
룬ҲӦͬɬΰɣɬɬؿأĶҲʼˡ
ҸǾ޴ˣҺȻվȻգ˵˾䣺
ʱҲվĪس˳ңȻˣȥĶ
ңҿ˿һҹĲ
أңʵ
㣿Īءؿ룬صмȻǻؼ҆
ĪһЦԻ𣿡
ٿȻһ㶣ɵصҼңҼں
صңûⷿ
ˡҴؿ룬аǡҵͰѷΪԱ˵һ¹ʲٿ飬ҪⷿӵĻ粻ҪţΪҪٿϣϽͨѵȵȣǻè׷ӡϹ𣿡
㣿ȻƺԵЩεؿң룬Ȼ䷿ûǮҪһȢϱأ
٣ҵĪֹһЦҲһֻҵĹڶѣ̸
΢΢һЦĪؿңҿȻҳϰɡ

صϺܸоľٶرҲͻȻ룬ѵܴ̼ˣǡ
ص󣬺ȻڽֱͣȻһпң˵ˡǡ
Ҳ㶵ؿ
ʲô⸱࣡Ƕи³ȥȡǮɡ
Ŷɵ㶵ءɵؿȻƿ˳š
ߵǰڣ룬ѯ󣬲ɵˡȻʮٿȻҵֹͣˣľˣˣˡ룬˰ɣȡˣʮҪһܻأ
Ȼֺе㲻Լ۾Ȼָʮ٣ǧʮʮ򣡡
ֿʼʮ
ţţȻһæ˳˿ȻҲذγæص˳ϡ
Ȼǰζţ㡢û°ɣ
ûûû¡ҽͰ͵ػص
ͷ󺹰
ˡȡ˵ţ̧ͷٿȻп׸˵㡣ǮǮǮû
㣿ؿҡ
ҡҡֻǧ飬ʮ򡭡¡Ժ󻹲𡣡
˵𣿡
̫ðɡǡ˰ɡҵĳޡҸող㡭û
١һЦʮ㲻˷ӣƭӣȥϵ£ҿԿǿǡ
İٿȻҼæʵ
Ҫʮ򡣡

ǰһΣ
Ƭ̺һع˰ɣҵǮŲ̤ʵ
ЦЦ㲻һֱǮ𣿡
ǡؼǮҾáǮǿʩᡣ
ǡؿңҪ㵽ж죿ɣ㹻;ѣٿȥȥϰɣ
ɡĬĬؿ˿¸ڡǱ˵ˡڡҶǵ߲㣬ʱҿҪӡ
ңûٻػֻ˼ЦЦ
ʱ͸粣ŽֵӰ㿵ˣȻʵ㡭һҹĵط𣿡
˿ңЦЦȻ󿪶˳
ڸλϵңڶǰ·ڹʵС㣬ܡҲãҲãܾáҺܺãΪʲôᡭôأ
ĪЦЦһۣô˰
ˡ룬ǮʼȥμҵͬѧۻᣬȻٵסķӡ֮ҸоҺܺá
Ц룬ʼǾ棬Ǿ
ԭƺЩʧԭ
ڵǾر
ر𣿡Ҳ
ǰر𰡡
ŶҺȻʧ䡣
ʱһۣЦЦԵ˵ҵǸˣһ龰³֣ǻìʶ
ôһ˵Ҳ𾪲ѣ룬Ҳ𣿵ǣ룬ֻһֿſɲŵۣο¸ھҪΪ˵ˣֲң
ţҾЦص٣Լ𣿡
Ҳ֪ȻͳĬƬ̣ڳ˼ʲôϴѧʱ͵͵ȥġСҾͱ迴ýûʲôɡ¸ҾҪˡԵֶǺ׼ģ


б

࿪һصĲǰʱѾˡ
Ҵڳųڻ谵ĵƹ½ȥͣ༴Ϊ˵иĳϡ
Ҳͬų⣬ûҲûдߴ³ҵһμ̬Ҳͬĳ֪Ϊ˭
νԵݻԵֻһ㣬оǴڵģȴţҲΨȥܡ֤Ĵڣʲô֤ԵݻԵĴأ
Ƭ̺ҽĿգʱ˿̵ͳݣҸǳϡ
һҲҡ
Ƭ̺ȻĪһЦȻҵաҲоһ΢΢ʹΪұʹջδס
ĪһЦʹ𣿡
šҿ˵ͷ
ôÿδ㣬㶼أЦ΢΢ؿҡ
١ҲɬɬЦЦĬƬ̣ΪΪҸо㲻ģ뷢йһͨԡҲ㷢йˡ
ţһ㶣ؿ˿ʵô֪Ҳİ
оҴ
Цţһ߳˼ţ׷ǹʵģҪҷйأ
ʺȻҸоһ£Ҳ룬ɬɬؿصҲ֪Ϊʲôںĸܡ
ʲô
ұ˵Ұȴ˵עķйɣʶʱ㲻ƸЦ𣿺٣֪ҾʹӦˣڷѵģҶ
ֻ˼ЦЦûм
Ҳ鷳´βҪҵڿǲø˽ƵģôԿ˷񰡣
ֻЦЦ
١ЦЦȻҳĬãȻ˵˾䣬³ллټ
ֻ΢΢Цš
˵ش˳ţȻһȡ
ҵľٶȻʵϰ𣿡
٣ҺȻĪһЦֲϰ࣬ûϢա
ŶĪسĬ
Ȼ˳
ײϳʱȻ˵˾䣺ݰݡ
ұһ󣬲أҹͷҰ㣡
ϣڴصҡԭѼݳȥɲ
òǸģҲᡱһº
ɵɵصңƺԼĶ䣬Ȼɬɬϸʵո˵ʲô
Ҹɵˣɬء룬ȻŶ˵°˰
ǡһ㶣ոǾ仰ֻŶ
ˡҵոһȣҡһˡ
˵ٿȻŤͷ߽˲

ڶϣſٵʱڲԱʱϣȻ˽
ʱҶĻŤͷһȻͷҵЦǰɣϸףˣ
ϣ꣬ӭȥʵС㣬ɿˣǴ˹ݡ
һۣصҲò͵ġ
Ȼֱ˹
һĴŴ磬Ŀǰı΢ݣҲɬɬطꡣ
ͬҲѻȸ
ҵ࣬㶣ȻҲ˹˵С㣬ֻṩ񣬲ṩġ
û˲һۣصҺ£ܵԸⰤֲ㡣
ǡܻ˿Ȼңҡ
ʱҽվȻԲ˵µģ֮ǰʶġ
ɵˣ㣿
һ֮£˺Ĳ䡣
ЩʲôѾӰˡ
ʱȻܳȥһö˫۾š
šҵ˵ͷ
߳Ȼ
Ҽ˵ϲ޷ݵĿɬϲһǰ࿴ۣɬĿǰĹûиʱ
ȻתҿĵһЦ˵ǰٴλŻĲ˵쾹Ȼżôǵǰ˶ٴΰ
ˡƺͻȻɵˡ
ʲô˵
ˡ㶵ؿɵˡ
ȻǰһΣιɵ˰㣿
ˡҽ룬ӦáӦһΰɣ
ǺǡȻĪؿЦЦ졭ҳȥ߰ɣ

ʲôԸⰡ
ˡؼҡҪϰ
𣿡
٣졭ٶѾ֭Ҫ٣Ǿͬ
ݹҪ𣿡
Ŀǰʳĸ


޽

ңڶҪȥɴˣҾ类һ㣬һ£ȻһڣоʲôˣȻԺҺġ
úҽסĵʹĬĬؿȻͳȵȣȥ١
ƺоĵʹ˵ҲĬĬעңúصðɣȥϵ㡣
Ϊϧķַ룬һתųصĲӻص˲ȻֱǾ칫ȥˡ
ʱ˿ҺҲһ־ˣһصı硣
ǵ߽İ칫ңĵһ仰ǣİ٣˵ģСӿҪ֪ŶԺҪúùŶ
ѿڶҽ컹һ١
ʲôȻˣ˵ʲô
ҽҪһ١ûȥ˼ĸܡ
СӲҪôŶ
ǡҽһ١ΪرҪ
ʲôرҪŭһ򹤵ģһ˳ԱȫҲʲôرֵȥҪΪ㣬͵ôߣûûˣҪ˶һ٣𣿻㡭
Ǹٻǲ˵ô𣿡ҺȻͷشĻ
룿㡭ؿң٣Ҫ˰ɣ
ţ΢һ㶣ԼĪĬӣٿȻصðɣṤʣˡ
㡭
úõһݹˡҽעܸ
ҿ˰ıʵôҸܵ˰ʲôأ
ˣӼʻ˳Ի󲻽ҡ
߽˿ͷȻʵ㡭ǡ
١ĪءɬɬЦЦҪ٣Ծͳˆ
Ȼһ㣿
٣ɬɬһЦǡһμˡ
Ϊʲô
㲻Ҫȥɴ𣿡˵ţɬɬЦЦԵɵЦ١˵˻ŮˣûԼȨˡҲ뱳ӡ
ȻҵⷬĬ
˵Ƭ̺ʵʲô
ĬƬ̣ȻĪءֱ㶵ؿ˿ңȻ΢΢ЦЦԺ㲻õʱпܱ˽ˡ
١ҸصЦЦǰһʱпܸˡ٣Ժһ᲻ϰû˴ҡ
һЦٿȻ
Ϊһȭֻһٶ˳ƣ˳˳ĳ
û㣬΢΢һ֣ǣϰҴԺûµʱңԼԼһưɡ
١ְԸصЦЦ
ĵһЦȻϳ
ϳҲȻ˾䣺ȥĶ
ˡȻ룬ĪһЦȥС
Сһ㶣
֪
㡭
֪Ϊʲôҧ㣬һôѺá
㡭
ʲô֪ҲŲšƺָֽԭеҰ

ú󣬺Ȼҵֻͳֻһǲġ
ڸݵλ͵͵һۣȻСؽͨ˵绰
ͨ󣬲쵰ְҲһ
ˣ֪Ϊãҡ㡭
ʱȻһۣʵеĻŮİ
ˡæסͲصеġ
ҲšɵضңȻ·ͣ˳㰴ᣬ
ɵˣæŮġ
Ҳᡣ
Σֻðᡣ
հᣬȻµ쵰˵˵㰮ңһˡô찡
ˡҽǵ࣬Ȼµس廰Ͳصҡҡǲǡ˵ġ
쵰˭˵İʵ
ˡ࣬廰Ͳصǡ
˭˵ִŵ
ˡ
ʲô쵰㲻ң㰮˭
Ұ
˵Ƕ˭˵İ
ϣĪյȻǶ˵
ٿȻֻžһҶ˵绰ȫԸܵжôģȷʵûж׹
ʲôҲ֪Ϊٴ࣬Ҳ
ӡ֤Ǿ仰Ե춨ݿΪ
ҾþõֻȻµ⸱飡

ϷԵ

࣬һͣ˳ȻҹսһƫƧĺͬڡһռԵĵ̯ǰֹס˲
̯ǰһװģӣһī
ΪļĲɣǰ˻ΡȻϣ˵˾䣺Сӣȥġ
Ҿɵäռô֪СӰ
װضһöţصȥġ
ϣذһۣҲҪҡȻ
С㣬ʲôʵ
ҸǾɣô֪Ů԰
СӣҲ˵ȥġ
ҰԳţ룬ĻǼٵİ
ʱذһۡţηس˵ϲҼСһԡ
ŶװģػصֲҸоңԭǸԣСģôȰС˵
ǣ࿪ʼ
ֻðŰɵһԣš
ȻС£ĳСҵ齲һ
λռװ˼ãȻ渵˵ۿ˵ͣʵӹԽǶǲԵġԭǷǳԵĶֱܷʲôֱܷϲʲô˵СλСӣҧһ֪֤֪ɾʴѺáôλС谡ǰв֮Ե
ţܸоЩ٣룬أȻ̵ģҲͲˣϲš
ȻȴʣȻ̧ͷһۣȻռɵϲ˵Һɣ
ô᲻أһ޼䡣
һҰ𾪲ѣ룬äˡôᡮһأ
ûô
ôûأ١ЦЦûеģԼΪʲô
಻һ㶣ȻŶǮϲ
Ǿ͸ɣʮ˿ëɡ
֣һŰԪң˵ˣϲ
ռ͵Цһ٣Ǿףͷϰɣ
һ㶣룬ä˻˰
ҺȻһ룬СºҵĽƺЩҪȻʱΪʲôҧأһòұ¶԰ôҧ߮أʱһݺݵҧһڣЩνأ̫΢ġǧٹֵûͣôռõĽˣҲ
ҴԻ뿪ռԵĵ̯󣬲ϣһֱĪضҿţƬ̺Ȼس˵ҽŶʹˣҪ˱Ҿͺˡ
Ұһ㶣룬ѵռĻˣʼеϲˣҳᣬʲôõأѵԸҲҵŵ㣿ĻҪһӵĴҵǡԸⰤ򣬾ԸˣѵమôϡͿһû
ûػƲιڸ˵ţ
Ŷʱ˿̣ļǸϲޱȵ˷ܣֻ޴ӱ
˵Ҫ˱Ҿͺˡ
Ŷϲء͵͵ز쿴һۡ
Ȼұ治ҵıϡ
ұҵĲҰ˵Сɱɵˣ㱳Ŀ˵δޣ˼ҪɴŶɿ߮Ŷ
ұȻǲȣҿɸ㣬ֻңĻԸ
ŶҸǰϲ֣Ȼ󽥽˲ӡ
ŶŶİǲԸ⻹ǡ

Ը⣿
Ը⣡

ϳĪء˼زңĬƬ̣Ȼ˵û˹Ҳûطסô찡
ˡҴؿ룬صûµģһ䷿Ӻ׵ġ
ȥĶ
֪Ҳ⣬ֻôؿ
ʲô
ƺЩܡôһֱ㣬ͺˡ
ţ΢һ񣬺ȻǰһΣ˵ǰ˵Ҳ𣿡
١ҲɬɬЦЦ
㲻ǸɵӰɣͻɵЦ룬ɣȥ԰ɣ
ˣð
ƺ׿еĹǣ԰úܷ裬ΣޱȵĿġͷһθоġ
ڶͽΪ߮ɴٻԺݺݵذʮСʱֻļһܣûҸ
ҹҺ͵󣬵ϳҪϳʱҷһϤӰſȥǸռȻһŮࣿ
룬äôȵأä˰
ҺȻµι㿴Ǹռ
ţæ˳ָķȥˣȻһä˰ҡƭˣʲô谡ԭǡ³Ͻģ
Ҳһ㶣һ£оƵġ


 8 

鵽

ҹһǱ˳Ȼҵ˳ǱԩΪռƭֲƭйĶ
ΪСܾĹƣӶõѹҪйʴ˺һһ־ճһֱǿģҲܵõһֱķй
Һһҹ֮Ϊ߮ԤɴˣĵãӴԺ߮ˡҪΪҵഺƴҸ񣬻ԭ޹أֻȥҵ졣
ҹ޴ȥҵĶ˿ǮǮǻǲݳһģҲסõֻ꣬ʵʵشȥվվںȹһҲֻõȵȥƽˡ
ںⲽʱҺȻࡣĳ̶ֳϿ̰⣬˭סĵУ
ڶ켴Ϊ߮ԤɴҲͳֻ˿ʱ䣬ҹʮһʮ˷ˣΪץסӰȨٿȻֻĻдǰԼ㣬ܸͬȨһ㡪@㣡Ŀǰһƶϴĵ޷ơҲһģΪ޵ֻһӡȻҲ˽㣬ܸܵĵѹ֣ԸΪһӵķйߡϣŰҲҪҿŬıҵ㼴˵ޡ֪ҲӦø㷢ϢҲĶҵ
Ϣҷͳȥҵƺࡣ
ȻҿںϽ˯ˡ
ڶͳֻ˿һûиһϢҺȻĸĿյһжû塣ʱҺȻãȻ޷ӵУǾֻƾ͸
һ־磬֪ѾС
ʵǰʵ԰ȴʵȴƺҵƶŲɷָĹôν氮ֻʵˣ
뿪վҺȻоƺһֱǻ;ûйޡ
Ȼҵഺ氮ôҲȥˡ
磬ȥ̨˼ƽֵΪ¶ˡ
һֱϢģһֱȵҹ룬ҶûյϢ
ڶҵȵҹһ룬ûյϢ
ҵȵҹ룬ûյϢ
죬ӭһգչһܵĵһ죬Ҳ˵Ѿ׾ˣΪ˵Ҫˡҹһǵȵҹ롣
֮ҿⲻȥˣÿֻΧҹ
У԰ʱʣһ㽣ڱʵ̻ʵˡڿǸɵӣ֪ԼҪ֮⣬ʲôҲ֪ˡ
һ˿ҲˡѾչ˫εĳԶ
˵Ů˵ģҲŮ˵ģڿΨй¶ҵġ
ҵӡУţҲһ糿ҴֻطһϢ
һĶϷˡ֡˲䣬Ҳо۽һƬǹãһ޷ݵϲáƺһ顣
ţҰţι㻹ڱҾҪˣҿˡһ𣬿ʼ棬ҲŸоڰһͷһƬһƬȥֱҰһƬʱҷˡԭͷе۾
Ϣҵһ˿СҲ֪λظˣֻĸ֣ڱ
ţܿصôľͷƵİĸְôĶ㰡
ң㲻Ҫ𣿡
ܹܲһ㣬Ӵһ㰡ܲƨһ㣬ؼһ㰡˵ʲôλã

ҸλúԼһСʱңҵס
һΣΪԵõӵˣٵӭȥʱʧ˾䣺𣿡
һ㶣ɵˣʲô˼
ʲôͻȥϳ
ҸˣĿ
ιǽˣûʱˣϳ
˵ţǰקҵ־ȥˡ
ţϡͿ˳
ҪʱҺȻĵιһûš
ʲôֵǮĶ𣿡һæŲš
ˡ룬ǹ໹ֻ˼š
ƺûֻרעضǰ·
룬ǸŴһȥѳɣţһҲòˣ
ϣȻոأ
ŵӡ
ûг𣿡Ȼ˵
ٿȻ巴⾵һȻ

Ϸ˵Χ


һ̣ҲһͬʱȻһ䣺ߣұȳ˭
ȻǰһȻɵˣιȳǰͬ
ҲɵˣͻȻûˣæ˳٣Ѿˡ
ĽĴ̶ɲоͷƤˣ졣룬ˣ˭ͬأ
۳žҪǰΧǽˣٿȻһŲɲ֮Ȼǰһ㡣
Ťͷһɵˡ
ҿı飬ǵˡȻҲŤͷֻһɫĳסǵĺ·ȻȥӱڵǸɵǣıڣ³ǰˡ
Ҿŵؿ˿ʵǻô
򶨵ؿ˿ң룬ȻӳڷһˮȻݸң˵죬Ҳϡֻһȥ
ҡҺȻȻ󡭡ô찡
㣿ȻвǹսƬɣвÿһ·
ǡֻ϶ᡭȲ
㲻ǻֱң͵Ӣ۾ˣ
ˡҽءؿ
ʲôˣϽõвң
ŶǣҲù˵
ʱһڸǲĳ
Ҽ״æŲõʺ
ȻǱߵĳ
Ҽӥ㶢ңҸǵˣˣ֪Ǻá
಻ʹʹɫС˵
˵ʲôɵŴڡ
ʱվڳǰߵıںȻ˵ιǣֶúСĻСĺ
ǡȻҶͷϵһκ飬ǡǡ
˵ż˵ǲȥѳŲÿһߵĻɱҡ
λڲһ㶣С㣬㵽ıߵİôŷͽ˵
һ¾ͽͣ͵һ;ɱ˵ġǲ뿴ĻǾ͸ϽȥǵĳŲ뿪
ҪҴȥġλھȻС㣬ͿɣǻȥɣҪȻȥûн軹ýǻͲ̫ͦ飬ڶԽԽɵˡ
Ҳ밡ңӦø̸аõвҵġ
λںȻֽĿⶢңٿȻǣֱڶˣٶҪСĺˡ
ҡҡҲܣڼһ仰ȻϣͷĵҶˡ
һ㶣
ţѸʰ𵶣ԼʺȻСţ
ֲס˵ѡ
λһ㶡
ţĸҲһ㶡
λؿ˿࣬ʵС㣬˭ǽٷ˰
ˡ㶣˼Ƭ̣֮ˣǲ뿪ĻɱңȻɱ
šʱ˵ͷ
λ룬С㣬ǡǡˣС㣬ҪˣҪ
ΪҲԸ޸㻹Ǹɵӣ
ŶλںȻʲô֪ˡ
֪ʲô˰ʵ
֪һ𲻿ְΪƽʱһʱǰԭǡ
㶼֪ˣϽ߰
СλٿȻʡ˹ߣǻȥô轻ܽǾ첻µнˮˡ
һ͵͵֣ȻˮɣµнˮҸɣٰھ͸Ϲأǧһ
šǧһĸǼæϲز廰
áҪͳǮ
СλںȻͷԵ룬нˮ͵ڳϰ壬ϰ͵¸Ҫʧҵˡ
ʱ룬Ȼϰûпô֪ǳ˵ǻ˫ݹΪǻȥ˵û׷С
Ǳǻλڲ˵
һ㶡
ϰ֪´ûʧֹôû׷СأȻ˵㣬ǺųƾǵľѴڱڽģ´Ӳʧ֡ȻǳıǵĹҲǳ
ŶΪʲô˵ұˣʧһβ𣿡
磬ϣĸǺȻ˵
㣿λڲңţͳ
˺ˣʱæŵݸһԪңˣˡǧ飬š
áλڲˣ˾Ƣ
һЦɲҵһθǮŶ
ɡС㣬Ҳǵһ͵͵ܳŶ
಻ɫصôϾŶɻҵŶŲŶҪȻ͹Թ԰ǰҵǮ˸ң
ˡǡҡ˵ţҪӹǮ



׻˵ǮʹĥҿǮҲʹĥƹؼʱ̣ɵӶǮ˭Ǯأ
ڽӹǮ󣬹ԹԵػصǳϣȻ󽫳˳ȥó˵
ǣҲ˳ȥȻתͷҪݳȥ
ʱλ۳ǼȥȻǸоʲôףһλٿȻµС㣬ǧҪ˵û׷Ŷ
ĵһ֣ҾҪ˵ҵǮǺǡ
㡭С㣿ɲҪӲŶ
ǺǡùӲţҲɵЦţȻεȻһŲţݰݣ
ιٿȻλڽС㣡
ôŤͷʵ
Сġ
ĻδٿȻˡRһ죬ţҸо˳һ
ҳǰȥ˲ˣˣɵˡʲôҲˣֻ㶳һ߸˳ǰб
ԼӺҵıܷӦһæ˫ֱͷλ·ȥͬʱµײ߸ˣ
ءһһȻֻѵһ鲣ҵı
ԼһӺλλڲԼͬµС㣡С㣡С㣡
ţҺȻоһѳΪ˶֣Ȼսսءľء̽Եء̧ͷֻǸִĵ߸㵹ڳ粣ǰ粣ģġ֩״ӣ鲣Ѿ䡣
СĽֱʱϣһ鲣ƬٿȻ£ŵֱ£ֻæסͷ
С㣡һλֽ
ʱҵӵءżءæȥҾʧһ㶣࣡
ţҼˮ¡
̶ֻǰȫҶʺ۵ɵԲԲģͨͨġ
ȻӣҪȥק̡
ҶһλڽؾΣգ
ô찡Ҽˣô죿ô찡
侲ͨǱġģѾбˣʱžǵġ
١ྐྵȻ΢һЦˣõĻˡ
˵ţŬһۣʵǲǡּⰡڡԵˣ𣿡
šҺˮ˵ͷһֱţС㡣
С㣿㳢Խҡ𣿡
ҲŤءɬɬأˮЦЦ١ǲϰߡɣ
꣬Ǵͬѧۻϣ㲻ǽСеͦ۵ٲУˡ
٣ҺɬɬһЦæġ
ϣҲɬɬЦЦꡣ

˭ϣվڳλںȻ̫ˣ֪ҹ˵ʲôҲȥӱġ
ΪʲôЦʵ
о仰СλѰ˼ţССˣճɾ
ЦЦ㶮ҲŶ˭˵ɵ˰ֻȱ˷Ӧٶһѡ
ٺ٣λںЦЦС㣬ˡʧҵˣڰɣ
Һʵôƺ㰡
ҽɵǿɵ졣ǶôС
٣ҲһЦɵǿɵ죿
ʱȻɵµιɵ찡㱨ûôû

ԼһӺ˾ľ;ȻľȻ
žȻͬȥҽԺ
ɵǿɵ˳ֳ
Լң߮һͬ˲ࡣ
ڲԵϣæòؾ˸ν̣ܣ
Ȼܻ߮صһۣȻװͰ͵һۡ
ǲܻӭģҾòҵԵǵ۾ɫ
ŮڲϣϲŰɴ۵ˮֱ岡æȥ˿գҭ㡭
û˵꣬ȻתңͶ˸׶Ŀ⡣ңң
ŵû֨ҲûҶ
ֻĬĬڲϣ裬Ȼʹ˸ɫʾܿǣȥ㡣
һأȻĬĬ⡣
·߮ǰʱܻһۡûҪǲ˷ҵҺˡ
룬ٷ֮һ˽٣ٷ֮ʮŵج

벡

߳ȵʱ㻺˿
Ƭ̺Ųϵ࣬̾˿ԵۿԼİڲϣȴԵȨûУվֻ󡣬ֻܻصˮˣ˵ƽȣֻſڳˮ
ʵҲ˺͸˱ˣȻƤзǵýһ

ڵϺ˼š
ʵʲôҲ޼µģֻΪһĵʱˣΪԣҪصԭ㣬ҪһݹҪҵ
Ҳ룬ֻʲô仯أȡ߮Ļ£ƺܣ˽컹ûڡǸΣô
ͳֻ˿ʱ䣬ǰˡ룬Ҳ֪߮Ҫãһǳصסɣ¥Ҳǲ֪ڵģ˵¥ˣ
ţҺȻվԥƬ̣ȻʼԥŲӣѲڲ⣬Ȼ룺ôأȻ߮ңңҪҵģǡҴʲôأ
Ǹк߰ɣҺȻԼ˵
ҵӵڲǰֹס˲̧֣ҪţȻֺȻ֡ʱ룺ŵĻŵӦ߮ĻӦŭңȻֻһ֡ҿһֱײŽȥˣܼһ۰
ţײŵ׼Ȼ˿Ĭţһһ壬壬
˭ϣɣźȻ˭קˣȻʧصǰȥײ衰ˡһһƨ˵ذϣŴһߺ
վٿȻһ㶣ɵˡ
ԭ߮קţ߮߮һקţź󣬶һ٣ʵʵײ軳
ڲϣ豻ײΣ̲סЦ
١߮Ҳ͵͵Ц
ܻڵϣһʱˣְ̾ߺ
֪ĵƤĺӰ㣬ظ裬֣٣ɲܹңҲǹŶ
ţҳϿҵ˵˾䣺Բ𣬰̣
ŭңƻðɣȻ߮һۣȻյͱ͵ˣϽ
ȻĪأ߮ͳ裬ȻصһֵѾˡҿײǽˣ
߮һԼͳٷջ졭мϲơҾ͵Ŷ۰ɣҪҸĸ֪Ļûˣǻ谡ڣճ
Ҫҿ򱶣룬ǮҲһǿֵġ
ʱҲ֪ϵࡣɣҲҡʹ˸ɫʾҷ
ǣ͵͵˵㣬Ȼսսߵǰ
ҸҪȻŭңȻȻƿҵ֣ŭһòһߴȥ
Ҳһ㶣룬ҪǾõˬŰɡû߿ַ˼
ٴθӣҪַʱ˭ϣյƿҵ֡
ȻԼҪȻճҪվʱϣĸ߸Ьĸһ򻬣֡ˡһһƨ˵ϣʹǡߺһᶼˡ
Σһæקסĸ첲Σɬɬбһۣûپܾţ˫ֽ
վϵĳ
Ȼҳûķ˼˿ࡣ
ʱ߮Ȼ˵˾䣺裬ҵȻȥˣһûȥôԲء
šͳӦȥɡİɣȻѾ˻飬Ҳϼҵˡ
Ըɣ߮صȻ⡣
߮ȥֻص˲ǰ˿࣬ȻңȻس˵ҲˣײҸͷͰԸʲô;ܸ˵ɡ
šص裬Ǿͻҿʼ˵ģҺ̸̸𣿡
ţȻһۣ˼Ƭ̣Ͳʲô̸ģҪû£ҪλûλҪǮûǮһ򹤵ģʲô̸ģ
ţһ㶣룬kao⻰Ҫ˵أͲܱ˵ô˵Ҳϵİ
ҵĶ˵˰ɣƽ˰ɣʵֺαأ
衣صֻҪ̸̸ûϵ裬ǿʼ˵Ҳͬҵ̸̸˰
ˡ費ֿʼ˼
Σæ˵裬ѵҺһ̸̸𣿡
ˡ˼ؿƬ̣ðɣͳȥ

ǧټ

߳ţǰȥغ˲ţȻתߵ˲ǰ
ʱҲֻùԹԵڲϣңƤЦЦ
Ҹʱ˿̻Ц룬ôֹ۵һλŮȻᱻƵ˾أжôİԵר᣿
ڲϣҲ˵Ȼʵιʲô
ˡҽػع΢ЦЦĬƬ̣صûʲô
ţ˼ЦЦȻȻʵոһֱ𣿡
šҵ˵ͷ
Ϊʲô߰
ˡҶؿΪΪ氡
ϲһЦǡ㲻߮𣿡
ˡٴζؿ£Ϊֻڵ㡣ոաұ㲻֪ڵ㣬ԡҾˣǡҾ֮ǰһ棬ܸоĲ¡ʼţ룬ŵĿ϶߮϶ǲ˳ģ϶ߵģôһҾͼˣҾͺȻ룬ײŰɣٿԼһ氡
Ǻǣֲײһƨ˵ϡ룬һҲƻģ
٣ɬɬء΢΢һЦʱҺȻһ仰ҵͳʵոո˵˵һκ̸̸ˣʲô˼
㣿ңҪȻҼҪ˸ˡǺǣҪװ˵úأ˵ֻһ棬ʲôˣŲš
Ŷ˼Ӧ룬ԺҪȥһ뾡ǧټƣ
ʵʲô
ˡҿ˿û¡Ժˡ
ϲЦЦΪʲô
ҡ˼ضܸоܸоҺ㡭һ־磿ոҲ˵ˡҲϼҵˡ
־磿Цţ룬ݵúǡȫһ־磿Һ߮Ҳһ־硣ҹأмμӻҿôճôճⶼǷǵð·ϱƣܹҡ
˵ţЦЦңȻϲ֪ҽΪʲôӳȥ𣿡
ˡ룬¶֪
٣һЦʵΪȥһ쳵ģͿݱֽˡǺǣ챨ֽͷ϶Ƕдš֮ӵ־񡣲û뵽ûü죬ҾͲСײ˵߸ϣ治档
ţһ㶡룬־һΣôֲ²
ǿ϶˼ҵģ²˵ǺǣԴҡڵҽԺҵġǵãһҪݱֽŶ

ڶ磬ȥ̯ʱԶͿˡ֮ӵ־񡱼֡
һֱĵⳡһʯһ㣬ѹҵͷϢ㱻ŲˣҲԴˡ
ʱҲһĪϲ񡣲ཫ˭Ŀǰ㹻ʱͻᡣҲҺ߮һƽˣҲƶ븻еĽǰ벻Ľ
Ȼϲһݱֽ򲡷ʱٿȻɵˣΪſλߴ͵ĸǱࡣ
Ұ㶣룬ôɵǿɵ˰ѵ軻˱ڣ
ԶԶſλߴ͵ĸǣ˼Ƭ̣룬ҵĸͷҪҳǲעʱӦÿ͵͵ȥ
ţһءس˹ȥ
룬ҸҪ͵͵ȥأҲʶңҲʶȻʶӦÿѣҡڵ߽ȥҪǡأҲҲ㹦𣿴ʱãȺʱء
˭ϣһҾȻѾܿˣ뿪档
ҰһȻŤͷس˳ֻӥϡ
˭Ȼĸʵ
ٺ١Ҳɵɵء㶵֡
㻰أʱҲĸ
ҡɵɵء㶵֣ٺ١
ɵЦʲôĸǶҡ
ٺ١һոմӷ˲ܳһŮģû·
ĶҲĸǲ۷ˡ
¥Ƕѵٺ١
ƭˣĸǼװʵ
ȥٺ١
ϣҵĻٿȻͬʱ֣ȿֺȥ¥ڣԼˤ˵ϡ
Ȼˤһӣҵǰ֡ûŽ˲



룬֪ƭˣæϻҲӦýֽ
ָоȷʵеȥһ㡣սĻôҲƵһλĵ¹ߣ
˭ϣҽ벡ȫҿʼһ㶣Ȼ㾪ȣ˫ϸϸشһڲǰλţ룬ôλô찡ĶŶʲôҵư桱ɣԣûʮλۣ
ʱһæŽȻֺȻ㶵شǰԻңʵǡ
ٿȻ˼Ƭ̣룬ûи塰顱֮ǰҿɲ˵ˣҲĪǾϰ֣Уҿǧܱ¶ҵݣͻᱻϳģ
ţ͵͵˲ϵһۣȻػشŶҺĽģ
Ľңһ㶡
ϣڲϵ͵͵ЦǾҺܿЦƵġ
ػشš
ҳûߵ˲ǰ͵͵ֽݸ࣬Ȼӳ˵ܰǩ𣿡
ǩĶòػص
ˡҲæصͷ룬Ȼ̯һ½ǣǩɣ𣿡
һֱںǺǵ͵ЦЦҡ
ðɡͰش¶ȡһ֧ʣȻǩĴȻɵǡҪһϴ·־ûŶ
һ·ղģϴģֱڷư
á̾־ף㡣
̲סЦˣιôһ£ϴĻó˰
Ұһ㶣ߵ̵ġȻɬɬһۣʹ˸ɫ
ٺ٣һЦƺҵľٶûϵģһ¾һ£ҲĴ
Ҳɬɬؿ˿˼ңܿ
٣ǵһЦ㲻úңȻҲģҿóǸĺӡຢӶûͲж־Һܸ˸ǩ
١ɬɬء㶵һЦ룬ôװģ˼ҲֻǳģȻˣҾ͸ɴ౾ɫһЩɣ
ʱڲϵЦ΢΢Ȼ֣˵꣬Ѿˡ
һ㶣룬ϰ֣ϰֵǱͰ򱶣ͬһӣôԸôأ飬̣
ٺ١֣ó
ʱ˭Ȼƿţ
һԭŲǡءܻҡ
ԭһҷƢɼڵæԹŭҵѣܳһ𣿡
ʲô𣿡ʵ
ŶǸǺϰ壬롭е˽̸̸
ǰʶ𣿡ʵ
١ǸǽƻһЦոʶ
ŶֽǣҪŶ
ǵģϰ塣
ԭŲֵıڡ
ߵһڼæ㿪ʼ˵ӷ˲ܳһŮģû·¥ڣ¥ˣҲû
Ҳ֣Ȼ룬ΪԲѣװһػصû˵İ᲻Ǳز˰
Ի󲻽룬һںȻԹôǰˣزɡ
š´һһʱǡݰݡ
ٴν벡󣬲ϣֶ˾䣺𣿡
ڲϣҽ˲Ǹʹ˸ɫʾȴһԡ
ּҰһ࣬࣬ظ𣿡
΢΢ЦЦصޡϲҪǷԺиҿ϶衣飬ܺǺ
Ұ㶣룬ɣԭ˰һΪţ
ٺ٣οЦЦǸƤĺӣ˵ţ̾˿Ҫ費ȥˡûиı䣬ĿǰΪֹҶȥ֪޸ϼΪĹ˾ϹУû뵽ƵϡһˣܳǿһҲ˼˵ĸܣ⡣Ҳ룬ʲôˣųҵҵңʲôأǲǿġҪǿġǵҪȥһԼһӶῪĵأҿԸң٣ϰ֡
˳ءƤһЦ֣Ҳ֪Ҽ޸߮ΪĹ˾ϹУƫƫͲϲ߮ϲҪǺǣϲġ
οһЦȻ̾ꡭҪ˵䣬˵ŮֻڼҴӺˣ˵Ҳֻȫְ̫̫˵Ҳɽ棿ڣĻҲܲţϾиȨ˵ģԡҲֻˡҽ챾Ǳϲģû뵽Ƴҿ˺ˣǻ߮ģ


̽ɵ

ò׳߮ĿյʱҽԺ࣬ȫռˡΡ
ʱ˿ȫһ˱һҪʹǾ߮Ҳ֪Լμӻ񣬽ûмܣǽͷöضĳ䣬ɬɬվſһһ˵Բ𣬻ˣʱ֪ͨٺ٣ţҲ͵͵֣룬ڣǶϷ
ٺ٣ְ֡ϣûסĵϲãȻٺ١Ц
һع󣬺ȻֻŤͷ㶵سҡڲϵңҲɵۡ
Ŀ⣬Ұһ㶣ٿȻκɬһʱֲ֪룬ɴ̬ءɬɬ֣ٺ١
ţֵ˵ۣƬ̺󣬺Ȼͷ˾䣺СడǸɵӰɣ
ٿȻһ㶣룬ôɵأ
ֻ֣صӦòɵɣ
ֳɵһۣôԸǶְ
ˡȻ˼ţң΢΢һ֣͵ʲô
ң㶵һۣ룬УҲ˵͵߮˼ұֻҡʲôأʲôֵһ͵ֵأ
ţһصˡ֡ڵĻǸʲôӣ
ϣٿȻĿˣƬ̺󣬰ƳɵЦ𣿡
ֳ˼ţ˲ӣֳɵô᲻أֻɵӲŻôɣ
۳ҵĸǰҲɬѣ򱶣ǲ֪ǺˣҲֻɬɬһ֣ٺ١
ϣֳңƬ̺Ȼ̧һֻǰ˻Ρ
룬ҵɵ˰ɣ
Ҿ̬ؿ֣֣ٺ٣ǡ
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٣ɬɬһЦࡣŮ
ǡ׽ţȻͳһŰԪңʲô
ңֵһԪҴ
ǡɣ
æŻصǮȻĸҲԵ޹ǮҲУҲܿʩᰡ
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Ц΢΢˵ͷ
ǲҵľٶһЦȻȻǸ˼Ҹոˡ
ЦЦصûµģֵֹ֡ģܸЦġ
٣ֳһЦ㲻ҲܵƤ𣿺٣ӦûԾһ㣬ഺϢֺܸ˿ӡ
ǡΪǵ⣬ҵഺһƬ
ֲ̾ϧꡭԺǲ⸧Ȩиҡڡ治ԸŤഺسţֻ֡Ϊ
ֲ֣ĺˣ֣ҵഺġ
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֪ģ֡
ǡĻ£ҡԼɡҲı⣬֧ʲôʲôǲõġӦоǣϾġ
ģ֡
ǡֿ˿ֱ죬ɣҽû˵೤ʱԳԺ
֣Ȼ˽ʱԽԽãԲñҽ顣Ѿ͵͵ҽˣ˵Ҫһ³Ժ
١ֹסָָָ㣿٣һ⾫飡Ҿ㱣ܰɣ٣ȻҲܳ⣬һȨܵġ
˵ţվһ䣺ˡ
šݰݣ֡
ʱҵĸǰĪس˳ҡ
Ҳ֪θźãֻܳЦЦ١
ʱĪض˵ҿҲɵ٣ЩɣСӣҪ֪ʯͷġѼˣҲмӲȣԸף

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ĿȥҲ룬ʵҲ֪ʯͷ迹أ߮أ㽫ȥʯͷҲֻýƤˣȻˣ
һ氮޷ӳʵԼ
Ͷģҵ˼ά۳ŵõ˷ĻرȻȴ޷ҵĻͷƺһֻεġҪǡĻرֽʵʵڵĻôҲǸˡʵǸƶ߮ǰ㸻еĻڸҶԻʱҲˣʵҵĹû䡣ָ˵ĻҲͲذˣǡҲָĻû׼һôڵҲͲˣҲûܰˣΪ轫󣬴ӶһڵԾһԵЩìɵģΪ˸ָìܣԲγǧٹֵ
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۳ǣĿ࣬ȻͷƤͷϷһΡҳ군ˣ֪һҵϾڣֱһϼң



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ĺˣǸҽԱصǻԱܵġոգ쵼ѾԸˣĸĸκ˶벡ġ
áͺáҲ˶ʮСʱػġ


 9 



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ĪȻһЦǡΪҰɣ
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šټʵȫᵽʱ˿̵ľ
ǣҲ֪ǲǡҲҺĽأ


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˵ɵֲϣöҪ˽ʲôأ


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ңֵȷ˵ֻһͷô죿㲻ȫ԰ɣ֮һ֮һ㸸ĸ֮һԼôҶðֶ֮һֶ֮һ㸸ĸô͵öֻ˵֡Ͳ˵˰ɣ㲻᲻ָģҲ᲻ָĸģܶʼ㡣Сӣ
ֻĿء㶵裬ΪͷһظоӼҹӵѧҡ
һˣӦøҸֵҸôֻĬĬף
˵ţȻվ˳ңȻ˹һߴͳһпңʮ㣬뿪ɡԺ߮лҲϣٸҸԸף
ⷬٿȻˡॡһԭҵˡû뵽˵Ҳ粣顣
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轥̧֡
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ͬʱʱϣܹעںѧվμӡ2007С˵һ֪ͨҵġòС˵ڹ˼ȡġ롭ӦûһȫµС˵
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ˣҵĸqqȺˣԵĻλٰҽһȺлл


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Ʊĵ磬أյһֻţյϢʱһǳĳԾơԭҵĴţǡǹģ
Ϣҵȷƣ룬ֻ˭Ķأôֻôİѵ˭Ϣ
Ƶʱ򣬺ȻһϢιôϢ㣿
ϢĪأҽһգȻ˻ظ˭˵Ϊడ
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ǡȴ˲ˣãΨȻˡҲ˵ģҲȫ޵ǰֵأȻĿǰѾһݽΪȶĹҲֻǽ±⡣ôҺʱܴһܰļأǵƱ򣬻ǡһ֮пҲֻʮѣǰǸ֣ǶݳǧС˵Ҳֻǹһµĸѡ˵ſûǮҲ֪ν˵మףദѣҲò˼Щʵ⣬ϾҲھһɫ
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ţҰһ㶣ҲһͷţƵĶڵȼҵŭ𣿿Ҳ÷ййˣ
