


01
ʵͷ迴ҵֵı価ڸݣҲ˵ֻоÿοҵʱŮİ˶Ƶ¶ɣҲڰҹʱҵ֣տʼһΪһ˰ҴԲŻңҷΪԭ򣡶ĳһ뵽˷ܵԭʲôԭǵ˵ˣ
СҾͺΪȻҲΪһûаְ֣ǲ˵ȥŵҵ֪ԭڻ֮ǰǸǣҲѹ֣ΪȷʵǸӣʵʸš޶˵ӣסŮˣƺûϿ̻ۼΪЩٸĳĵķϣǰļϸۺ󣬷Ľϸ˵ԸС죬ټǶ˵ʵûʮ꣬һʮĶأ
ǵ൱磬Ҳ崿ĸ͸˰죬ȴΪңʮʱò˳ȦһĵңʵҲ˵Ұְ˭
ʵĸദʮȻûиԵҵİȴҳû£ҵչ΢ֱҲŷҵŮ㺣ϣĸӹϵ仯ʱ̣ǵұǵŪ˶߹ķʱȻһUĺͺҵ֣ȻСһˣΪٽңҴ跿ţҴ˯ʵͶϵʱһ˲䣡ɵ˯ȫҲɵõĵɴ۾Ϊ͵ĵƹ£ҿڴϵǼǳɫ˯Rҵĳ˿ʹǰѩ׷鷿һţ°ڿҲʵ˽ϣͬʱԼСںľëϸţŸͦ鷿ϸ¶ߵı飬΢΢š
ͻ龰Ҳ֪λӦҸеҵҵţҸϽĵĽŸϣõ貢ûзңźűȫǽ޵òǷ鷿ѩϸ۵ļٵʹйɻȵƳ嶯ıܣϸСĺͣĴ޷ȫѹסҵƵȥӲͦĴ
ʵʮֵ꣬Ů˵Ļƽ£϶۷״̬ȴÿڶؿչ롢ߵʵǶôļįʹˣȻҲʮ굫Ů֮԰ǶһЩģŻҪοԵģҲΪһЩŮ԰˺ģʹŮӵԺаĵĴţͬʱŷ͵Σֻѩ׵Сҡţżż̳ĹΣҵϣҿ˯ѾȫѵˣͬʱҲסǰѩ׵鷿ָͷסһ΢΢̵ķۺɫͷܵѹ鼡ָ֮¶вһгȥҧ
Sมˡ
鷿ԭССͷ𽥵Ĵ鷿͹ԶԶȥһŸժʺӣҰɰ̰ļȥ൱ϸټƽСԲ΢΢͹ţڴϵʵеˡ
װġมҺม
ʱ˫ַֿһЩһƬë棬һԳ죬ԼǵɫճĤһ£ɵʹҲ䶯һ£ָƬָһЩճҺһ϶ͻ٣ȫһĵҲһ˿ʹְ顣
ԡม
Ϣϸ͵裬ָֻѨϵƬָŪԼ٣ĻԲȦתţżҲָĳţѰеĸйЦݣįķġ
มð̫ˡ졭
ɧޱȵ꽿ʪܵĤָܵĦŤָͷĤʺ⣬һĻ棬龰ҶǶôĴ̼ͬʱҲؿչļįеͬˣҪңƾ粻֪ĶҸӣ
̫ˡมˬ
ִҵĶҿµֻҲǵһҵҲɵڿţٿָͷͣĸŪʹֵвλϸ֦ҲɻڴŤʱͦ֫ӭԼָ⡣
һҪ졭ð
˫ȼһֱţһɹ͸Һ岻ͣȫǾƵĶšţָǰǴϣȻŪһͣ
ðม졭ˬˡ
ָͣĽŪ٣ƨɸʱҡΣż̧ӭָͬʱޱȵ̬гһ߽ҲͣҰڶţڶһһ㡣
áม졭һҪˡ
ŷп̰ӣӳа֪Ҳ˿ŪͲĴ󼦰ͣͷϸ֪͸Һ
װġม̫ˬˡˡมม
̧ɹ״ʱҲ֭ȻǴﵽԸ߳Ķ㣬ﻹǲͣĽţˬˡมСաˬˡйˡ
ҵʱ񱻵絽ƵȫһͬʱҵҲŨŨľҺȻ侫Ŀҿ첻˼ˣҸеѽԻȻң
ܾ֮࣬ҸϽص䣬ڴϷȥģ˵ֳҵȻ֪֪ľٶʲôΪһǰѧοˣûȴǣԻңԺأ漴һ룬ԼοʱĶֺγأһ뵽ĸԻǱ˴ˣҾ˷ܵ˯š
ڴϵҲͣķȥģȫǸոյΣͦ鷿۷ԲβԵļֳԸеķϣԼοʱɧ̬ѣӳаҪҹҹľлŮҾţֱҵķʱҲżװ˯š
۾վҴǰ裬͸˯ϵҹ⣬ҿĿźɫ˿֣͸Ĵ岼ϣϡԿƯͦ鷿ţ޺ɫͷֻǰ͵סһ룬¶Եͦţ̵˯£һ˫ѩ׵ĴȽţԼ֮䣬ԿͬɫϵСڿ㣬ڰӳ֮£ƨɣһɿջĻ棬ҲòſˮҴ߽ĳõ棬һʱ֮ϵĿУ跼ζ
˿ǰģµáϸļĵķաʷ۵鷿ӯӯһյͻβѵ費֪ƶ˵ǶôĴ̼ȻӣҲǸѽҸе󼦰ѾӲͦҵĿ뵽Ϊ˯ˣ
ҵַϣϧĥţԶҲˣΪĵͷҵĶͷҵ죬Ҷ˵Сգ֪ðð㣬㿴ոйˣ
ҵַŵ˫֮䣬˵ģһ˵ģ
˵轫ҵַŽڿһʱ֮䣬ҵִѨϵȺʪ
һҵĶͷȻͳȥˣߺһʱ֮䣬ҵζӳʣ˷ǳ˷֪ܵ˵ԻңǳȴҸô棡Ҳ֪νľٶĻ
һҹʧˣһֱʱҲ˯ţ
ļ죬Ҹעһһȴûٿοˣȴҷĸ󵨾ٶԭ賣˯ʱҷ䣡տʼֻעңʹҵָԼ鷿ͬʱҲ󵨵ḧţҵ·ſؿڵͷҲ쵽ҼӲĴĸţ
֪ٶҼÿװ˯ĵҾһֱȴĵ
һֱȵһʱҵķ䣬۾ʱľ費ġ̸¡ϸ涼ŮеŮˣҷȫ׼Ҽ̷
ҷ裬ǰһҴעһһ⿪ϵ˯ۣһҵ¶鷿ϣ͸ָĴУҿĸо鷿ҵָᴥͷͬʱҲſҵĶ˵Сգ֪ðรҪรĻĺȴѹеĳ嶯Ϊʵһʱĳ嶯ŵ裬ԺûˣҼװ˯ţģҸо鷿ϵͷӲͦˣ
㿴ͷΪӲˣ
˵˫ŷֱԣǰ鷿ͦҵǰ۾ңǳ嶯˫׽鷿ͬʱҲ鷿ε˶󣡸ҪǣȻͷҵ촽ϣӲͦͷĥҵ촽˵Сաͷɡ캬ɣ
󵨵ľٶҿʧȥʧǣܿľˣҺ󣬾Ͷֽ⿪ϵ·ȻſϿʼҵͷ
ҵͷһּͬʱҲҵĿӣҵĿʱҼüеĽг˵ۣôļร
ҴֳĴ󼦰Ϳ費ɵָסС죬û뵽ʮһ˴ֳĴ󼦰Ͱɣ΢֪𵴣һ൱ѽ
Ҽ͵͵ĿűҵĴ󼦰ŵ㶴裬ֻԾֵСڿĥţҲ¿ʮû󼦰˰ɣûӴ͵СѨѾʪ˰ɣ
𲻶ϵĽϺĿȼţ֪˽սʱһǼҪһ󼦰һȴ뵽ӣ׵Ĺĵϣǲĸͨġ
ĵѾ˲ʰĵزֻС̾һĻ𻨣ͲסĴĵ尾ŵС֣ҵļʱһյĽһ£סǼӲֳĴ󼦰ͣģһ߻ŪҵĴ󼦰ͣһ͵͵Ŀһǲǻ˯
һᣬȻֲ˲ںڵ㷢ĸӣʱҵĴ󼦰͵޺촽ԣడһֱһֻҴֳ׳˶Ĵ󼦰ͣŰҵĴ󼦰ͷԴ˼£Ȼͷҹͷϵۺ󣬾ſС졸գһͰҵĹͷҸеͷҵĹͷŪţһˬĿ⣬ʹҵĴ󼦰ǵø֡С캬סˣŸϽ˳סҵĴ󼦰ͰŪţֵָҺཱུĹͷϵḧšŪš
ô֡ô󡢺óĴ󼦰ͣ
費ͣ££ƮԵ㷢ʱǸ鵽ߣͬʱͷ˵ͷҵۣСȴԸжʺ㴽ͣŪŹͷߵ⹵
ⳣ˵Ĵ󼦰ͣĶŪ£ʱӲǵˣͷС㶥ڼϣʱѱ˱ûϣ󼦰ҲһһСֶţֻǷұŪѣҺ֮ѪԵϵվܿͰϵ˯ۺڿѵһ˿ҵĳվҵĴǰ
ȫѩס۵壬̵ͦ鷿͹βǶ˵óˮۣŹﲨĿװ˯أ轫һֻſҵӣȻ෴Ĺ壬ҵ壬ȻһֻסҵĴ󼦰ͣŬſС죬ǴĹͷȻٶͷŹͷϵۣСԸеҲͣŪҹͷܵ⹵
ҲǺ෴ķڴϵңſ۾ͿĿ˵Ѩ͵͵̧ͷ裬ֻۣһģɧ˵裬̰ĸҵ壬ŪҵĴ󼦰ͣԸˣԻݺɧĵ̬ʱͻȻˮεϣ̧һۣҼֱҵۣΪ˵ѨΪָֿţҿĿѨ⣬ҲΪ֣Ѩˮ˳ˮ˳ĻҵĿţ
Ľŵôܿںڵëͺ۵ʱҵ١ֽ΢ѹ跢û˯ţȻǲԴԵëʪpɰʺС¶˳ʼĴѨС٣ϸָһ󣬽ʳָָѨƬʺɫмٸͻָŷӲ٣һʱ֮䣬ĽĽţȻְָ˳ʪһһĿŪţҲʱššա
ҾôĿָԼѨѪţ̼һ󶶲ʹӴ󼦰ϴĿУڵսʤҵǣҲװ˯ȥˣҲָĴѨűͻľٶŵ˰ɣֻﺬҵĴ󼦰һҲſҵ壡ȴŵƽԼѨסˣҲûΪֶֹͣ෴ҽָÿҲǸҺֵСѨͬʱ쳤С
Ҫม
ҵټСʱ񱻵絽ƵĲķûȫ򿪣ҸͷС
šҪá
豻һȫһ󶶲Ľ˫Ȳ濪ŵôģཱུСѨҵǰʼһһɵˮͬʱԡСաม򡭡ĸһ𡭡มˬɡ
ĻҲ̲ˣ˫ֱ˫ȣѨϣҰСͷѷ죬ϵСѨŪֵޱȵС캬ҵĹͷɵͷ˱ŵۣ³ҵĹͷżͣҵغСС෭ţȻתƨϵƨۣҵƨɣͷƨŪţ̼ȫ飬Ƥ


02
ǰһλ޸߹ţȴֵĲһУһƥĸ㣬԰ǿҪ裬ǳĪĳɾ͸УҴ۵ƨѹϣʼ˽ζˮСѨˣͷ£ʱҧС١
šССաҪٶˡม󼦰ͶӡСѨܲˡ
̲סɧ裬СҵĴ󼦰ͣܵƵģʱ˱Ŀյţ÷еŤְڵģǷͻ¡ҵĥš
ĸαมˡมˡҪ׶ӵġ󼦰ֹˡ
СѨͣˮǣСٸǱһһ̫û˰ɣҲãֻƽ浾ׯ裬ͣŤҰڣɧĺ߽ţมมˬˡСաŪˬˡˡҪˡมมйˡ
˽УһͻȻ£һˮҵſ͵ҡ࣡һİˮȫºȥˡ
ﵽ߳貢û˶ͣ෴ǵôֳ׳ļͣѸٵŪҵĴ󼦰ͣҹͷİƤһ¶һصСֺţŭŵҲڸлڰ㣬Ÿ߳¶İҺ֪ҲѾ쵽˾ľ磬ŵม衭졭ҵĴ󼦰ͺ̫ˬˡġมҪˡ
޺ӣС캬Źͷ˱ֽɧӣҰ÷񣬸ҵĴ󼦰͸һĶţһͷϵһɣһɾҺȫÿһζ¶ȥ
貢ûҵ侫ֹͣ෴СֱðĴ󼦰ֱͣ轫ҵĴ󼦰򾻺󣬲Ƭʪ޺촽һԹĿҡ
Գ̵ģ裬Ǽֱ˵ûõƵģٿȫ׵ļظϣһԸͦ۵Ĵ鷿ϸСԲƨɷԲµëŨܶ룬޳ɫĽϣұޡɧ˵Цݣԡ
迴ҽţߺ˫ȿҵĴ󼦰ϣҵĴ󼦰ͣһҷֿԼСѨմҺڴϵĿСѨǳۺɫ赣СѨһɹʪҺСѨ񼷳ƵţҵĹͷ׼Ѩѷ촦΢ǰһûκɬ״̬£ҵĹͷƵĲѨˣͦȴ¶ӵı飬һǺʹĽüͷһı鲢ûע̫ãһǵͷҺٵĽϴֳִֻĴ󼦰;ͱСѨ˽ȥҵĴ󼦰ͽѨſȻĲѨ˷ܵĸоû淨ݵģֻ˸ж
ֻ˲ɣ
ٰҵĴ󼦰ͲĵСѨֻһ̬СҲ泩ģมðšþûָоˡมô֡มšܲˡ˺
ҵĴ󼦰̫ˣҲ̫û˰ɣǰʱҸоҵļͺ൱һ㣬Ҹ̧ͷҺĽϴֻѨŵ⣬ҵļֶ˽ȥҿԸܵѨҵĴ󼦰͵оýխǷǳĸо
СյĴ󼦰͡มˡม
ĴȷֵøˣǰҵĴ󼦰͸ѨǸȻӣ֪ҵĴ󼦰͸ʮû輫ΪʵĸоΪҸܵѨĻɵ䶯ţˮҲϵŴ󼦰͵ĲѨ˳ʹԭŵӸǶú
ðСյĴ󼦰͡มมСѨˡ
ҵĴ󼦰̫ˣҲ̫ûˣտʼʱ貢ϰߣҵļͻûȫѨüú뿪ƵģֻһҵĴ󼦰СѨһŵมá͡Զӡ衭มļ󡭡šǰ
ҵĴ󼦰ȫСѨ˫ҵأʼŬǰͦƨɣŪҡţʹɢ磬Щ˿Ʈۼձ߱㺹סϵı޳죬ɧƵ΢΢üŮ˺̬ζģȴϣĸңһ뵽⣬ʹҵĴ󼦰ǵøֳĶСѨ
öӡ˺þáมڸˡСѨԶֻ㡭ֻҵ׶Ӹɡöӡ谮㡭Сաĺöӡɷ򡭡มġðĴ󼦰ͲˬҪ㡭ÿСѨม
֪ûɹѨҵļ̫֣ҸеҵĴ󼦰ͱСѨеýģȫ񱻹һʵĵͨƵģһ鵽ŮԽζһ뵽ǺԽҾ˷ܵĽ˳ڣ衭СѨůýมеҵļˡ֪ɊôˬมҊˡ
СաมҲˡֻǰĴ󼦰͡ӲǬءԺĸӾͿԡһˡСѨʱɡšˡ
ŴİڵһһµŪʱı۾ĿСǳ׽ƵģҲ˳ŴİڶµŪֻɴѨˮ˽˵
ðšСɷ򡭡׶ӡĴ󼦰ͺô֡СɧѨġม׶ɵˬ⼸׻ˡΪʲô㡭ˬӡɷ򡭡ˡม׵ĸоô̼СաǬ衭ˬˬ
ม衭Ӻˬô󼦰Ǭ衭ĺˬءมô󼦰͡ĵطо
ˬô̼֪Сոɡôˬม͸ˡ׻˼ꡭСɷ򡭡Ҫÿ졭СɧѨòá
ͦǶԼͦ鷿ҲŻζ̲ס˫ָǶӲͷŪȫˬţҵ׶ӡšˡม󼦰͸簡ˡֻĴ󼦰ܸ͡ɵôˬˬม󼦰ͶӡɵѨˡม졭Сġ󼦰͡ɽСѨҪ㡭Ҫҡ
費ʱͦƨһһµŪţĥתһӣټٵͦΣô󼦰ѨĸŪţʱµͷҵĴ󼦰СѨʢ
ҵĹԶӡมĴ󼦰š谮Ĵ󼦰ˡĴ󼦰ͲˬˡมҪ󼦰Ͷӵ԰¡Ҫ󼦰͸硭СѨม׸硭ɷ򡭡öӡˡ
ΪŮ˵ܣȫҵĴ󼦰͸ۻʮ鱩ľ鷢ӭҵļҡƨɣˮˮôʪ˺һƬ
СѨˬมСաĻġ㶥ˬˡ顭ˬšˬˡม졭Ҫ󼦰ԡǬɧѨมˡš
輱ٵĴϢͽ˽Ҷ˷ܲѣǿԼֳĴ󼦰ޱȵŮխѨţҵĿκθо޷ȵģҲġ
ҵ׸硭มֶĻˡˬѽˬõСɧѨˡ˼ˬˡมҵ׸硭졭˼ҵСɧѨมԡС׸硭󼦰͸硭ม
ԭ崿ȴģټСѨеĿкͲʱҹͷˮˬҵĴ󼦰ǵøӲ֣ұֱͦƨɡ
СաมĴ󼦰ͶӡมĸαšˡҪɵˬˡ졭Ҫйˡ졭СѨй󼦰͸ˡҪй׶ˡ
ʱ֮ǰţԼҿŪӲСѨһĽҧҵļֳͣһɹ̵ˮ
󼦰͸硭มйˡĴ󼦰͡ˬйˡɧѨˬˡ
ʮû󼦰ͲСѨ裬ҵĴ󼦰Ͳ鱩ۻʮˮһֱҵĹͷϣҲŸ߳ˬжĵϣһɹɵˮСѨҵĴ󼦰ҵƨ£ѴŪʪһƬúܲˣøոйһξҺܿľͽ侫ĳ嶯
һҼѾйýˣæڴϣǰ裬治ҵۣΪѩϸ۵ļͦ鷿ۺɫͷ԰ɫΡƽ̹⻬СݵĶꡢͷƵ˳ë޺ɫĴʺɫСʷۺɫ٣ţ󼦰͸͵㡣
̲סſϣֲͣڵ˫ϴţ鷿ϵͷַ֪ϲĺͬʱԶĳ˫ȣҵĴ󼦰ͣˮСѨڣҷǵĴͷʪķʺදš
šˡมСաĺöӡ졭콫Ĵ󼦰ͲɧѨɡมˡҵĴ󼦰͸硭˼ҵСѨ
ҵĹͷ궯֮£ˮњĳһСϪ֪൱ĿҸϿ콫󼦰ͲСѨÿѨһæŰѴ󼦰ͲСѨֻѨڸ١
Сաܲš˼Ҫġ󼦰졭СѨҪĴ󼦰͡š׸콫Ĵ󼦰͡š㡭š
Ů˵ԭʼ贺鵴ȻͨҪҵĴ󼦰ͲСɧѨɧ͸ǵ̬Ѿĵջ̼գµĴ󼦰ͱǵִӲùͷĥʺʪĦº󣬾Ͱѹͷ׼ѨȻǰһͦ󼦰;ĲʪǳСѨ棬һ壬̣һ׳˶ӲĴ󼦰ͣѨڵˮ˳ľͲȵСѨˡ
ô֡มСյĴ󼦰ֲɧѨˡมôְɧѨġð졭ĺöӡǬɡĸɧѨΪ߸ϵĸףһܷ̲סĳ𣬴̼ҷŴ󼦰ͳѨҲ鷿ŪǻԲʵƨɣ˵ǰԸˡʴǵŮˣֻҷŮˣ֮˿ֻĹϵʲôĸӹϵ׵Ժˣ
มĺø硭Ĵ󼦰ͺมɵ˼ˬˡԡöӡص㡭มĸαมĴ󼦰͸ɵ˼ҡ̫ˡ
ŮտõխյѨҵĴ󼦰ͼеʮˬСѨԽԽˬѣˬʹĿ͸ɣٹͷĻĺҾĻŪ˼£ֳ鵽ѨĥĥȥȻʹĺݺݸ룬ֱĻġ
ˬԶӡĴ󼦰ͺ̰Զӡĸ衭มҵĺӹԶӡĴ󼦰͡ɵÿม
費ͣͬʱļŮƵķ˵ŤҡƨɣӭǿĳҲҵĴ󼦰СѨҵĿţʲô׵µĹ淶ĸ׵Ľɣͱ󼦰ͲСѨĿиȡˣ
ม衭ҸɵĺˬมܺˬšСѨеˡ
öӡҲˬĴ󼦰͸ɵġมѨࡡˬม졭ԡٲ㡭졭ˬมҪˬˡһ㡭šá
ɧ裬ҵĴ󼦰͸ɵݻƨɸһŴҡͣʪѨҲһһɵҧҵĹͷˮһͣ
ĺöӡมĸɡԡˬˡСաม豻ɵˬˡɧѨˬöӡֻҪ졭ɡมҪһӶǬ衭
ҽ˫̧ߣҵϣСѨͻİҵĴ󼦰ͲɣҲ˳Ƶ˫ֽ§ҵı˵ֱŤθͦףŤӭҳٶȡ
׸硭ม谮Ĵ󼦰ˡ󼦰͸硭ɵѨˬˡĸαมֻĴ󼦰Ͳܡɵôˬมô
ĽɵʹҾĻζƨɣô󼦰СѨﲻͣĳµҲŬŤͦƨɣĽţȻİպͼٵĽУ֪ĵ˷ܺͼ
׶ӡɵ衭ˬˡมĻĺáมมˬš󼦰ͶӡɵˬˡСա㡭졭Ҫˬˡ
ͽͣ˫ֽ§ҵıͰƨӭҵĴ󼦰ͶСѨ壬ˬҸĳţÿһζҵĹͷĥĻתʹˮͣ
öӡûѨมҵĴ󼦰͸硭ɵˬˡมมСաѨˡม졭ĺöӡٸһ㡭มѨ
ҵĴ󼦰ͲɽĲ֪й˼ΣĵϵĻ̌ҵĴ󼦰͸ĲСѨͣĺҡҡ
СյĴ󼦰ͲˬมԡСɷ򡭡öӡ塭มĴ󼦰Ǭ衭塭ԡ衭ˬɡม


03
ʮû˸ɹѨ裬һξҵĴ󼦰ͣˬѲ֪ԼٽЩʲôˣڵֻҪҵĴ󼦰͸ĸСѨԣԼƽǴ裬ȴ˫Žϵı񵴸ް˿¶ӣʱţҸǵĳǳˮСѨ
มˬ׸硭ɵҺ׸Ĵ󼦰͡ɵˬˡԡСա㡭졭㡭Ҫͣԡมˬˡɷ򡭡ø硭Ҫййˡ
˫һֱĥţŮĿʮ裬ʱ˿ȫҼҵĴ󼦰͸Ľţ˫ָıţұԵʹ󼦰Ϳ͵ĳһһεĸԽĸ߳Ҳﵽ߳ʱͷĵסӹСѨⲻͣ䶯ҼͳƵĲͣ˱ŵĿкѨС
費ͣϢģֻʱϢһ£ǰͦ鷿̲סĵͷʺͦ͹ͷ˱豻ҧĶŪʡѹĴ鵴ټСʪܡ۵ϣҵĹͷתĥţʼȫ顢ۺɡɧ͸ǵŤŽСǲʱĴһ˵תͬʱҵĴͷÿζѨеĻʱӹһһ˱ҵĴͷ
šСม氮ˡɡĺöӡšСѨˡѨҪӵĴ󼦰͸ɡม㡭ֹֹ
ҲûвİȻͣҵĴ󼦰ĥɧѨʱĥ٣ӵɧΣɧѨͣˮ
มˡšСաĺöӡ졭šɧѨɡˡ󼦰͸硭มҪĥˡˡ졭šɧѨҪ󼦰Ͳ塭Ұɡ
ҼĲĸӵѪԵϵİңټխСѨְҵĴ󼦰ýģҽ˫ȸ߼ڼϣ󼦰;һͳģɧεҲſٵͦƨɡ̧СѨ
ҵĺöӡɷ򡭡มĴ󼦰ͺô֡ðมɵม谮СյĴ󼦰ˡมСղóʵมม׶ӡšɧѨมĴ󼦰͸硭һ㡭มٲһ㡭
̡̡ҵĴ󼦰ѨĻĽײţͬʱҵͷ¿ſѨڵҵĴ󼦰ͶģһһһһٶҲԽ죬Ѩˮʹ󼦰ͣġ̡̡ܲม󼦰Ͷӡม졭ɡ衭һ㰡ɡĺø硭Ǭ谡ԡมø硭šСѨˬˡ̫ˬˡ
һֱԼִļƬʺнӣҵĴ󼦰ɽСѨĻʱӹĥ£Ȼ͵ĳһ룬üѨĥĥٺݺݵĲɽȥ
มԡมˬ󼦰͸ɵҺˬ׸ļͺô󡭡ɵˡĺöӡĴ󼦰ͺɵɧѨڻˡˡˬˡ
һᣬҷֻҪҵĴ󼦰ѨһͻײʱţɧѨͻŤסҵļͣҲֻסԣͣ䶯ҵļӹ˱ȥǿҵĿиͣײš
衭šҰɧѨˡɧѨеҺˬมҪɊšҪɊɧѨ
มСաɡ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡҲҪǬ衭มСյĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˬԡǡ㡭ม졭һ㡭ม˼ˬˡˬˡ
費ϵ̧ƨɣҵĴ󼦰͸ݵĲȫʪ͸СѨȵˮͣĽҵĹͷϣ¶ɧͷ飬Ҿü˷ܡֽ󼦰Ҳ͸׺ݵСѨš
ŶðСաɡŶѨ衭ԡˡѨСյĴ󼦰͸ɵĺˬ̫ˬˡҵ׸硭ม󼦰͸ɵҺˬ
豻Ҹɵ㺹죬ҡƨɵĽҲԽԽ죬ɧѨļסҵĴ󼦰ͲϵŤţӹһɹɵˮҵӢĹͷϣǰεľ֪߳ǰףҸĸš
׸硭ม춪ˡҪйˡมĸɡšСԩҡมҪйˡܲ졭ม塭
ĻһֻʳĶǣþȫҲ˫§סҵĲӣ˵СѨͻӭҵĴ󼦰ͣҲٵʶţСѨ˱ţй˴ɴɵˮ
ҵıӡŶ衭Ĵ󼦰͸ˡมĺöӡɵˬÿ̲סˡˡйˡйҵĺöˡม
ҵ£СѨҲˬĲͣйˮˮѨţ˳ŷƨ½˽׵ĴҰδ侫Ĵ󼦰Ͱγ΢΢׵Ѩֻһɹɰ͸ҺСѨ˳ҵĴ󼦰ʹ裬õʻϲýţɧޱŮˣȫײĸͨĽɵĺԼĶ񻶡΢΢е˵ɧ¶ұ˵ӣѩ׷¡ҵĲŪҡţ۵鷿ǰҡţʹһɢȵĸš
ΪֲʮʣҲΪ˵壬Ϊ˽üֶ˵ĸ׵ĽϷǿ侫ĿУ󼦰ٶȲ۵СѨʹ˵ϣ͡١ĲŪš
ԡСաมĺöӡ衭Сɷ򡭡มม㡭塭ԡม̫ˬˡˬСաม豻ɵˬˡม
§裬Ŵ󼦰͸Ѩ߰ĽȫˬʹѨεţҵĴ󼦰͸ˬĴ׳ʴСѨǳǳĳš
ҵ衭มСѨҵĴ󼦰ˬˡˬม
ม׸硭ð㡭šҵɷɵˬˡ졭㡭ɡšԺҪǬ衭ҵĴ󼦰ͶӡมɧѨ
Էﲻϵ轿ɧĽдĸ˵ĥġաա˵ҸηŴ󼦰͵ͦɼ顢бֱͲѨֱɵ飬ҲҶֱŪҡΰˮͣţٴйʱҸеһĸоˣɧѨڵӹڴ˿ͷһסţķ˿ϵģҼæֹͣ˳壬Ŵͷ軨˱ĿС
ҵĺɷ򡭡󼦰͸硭˼ˬˡมйˡมɷĴ󼦰͡ɵˬˡ
ȫţƴͦסƨɵ˫ͼеģѨһɹɳȵˮҵĹͷϣСѨҵļȦסСѨĻҲͣ˱ҵĹͷ鲻ѣ󼦰ǵøִСѨһһĹ⣬֪Ҳ侫ˣҶ˵มҵĺ衭СѨá׶Ҳ̲סˡҪˡ󼦰Ͷӡˡมáˬ
졭Сաมĺöӡš衭콫ľӡมȫɧѨСѨľӡ
һҿ侫ˣѨļסҵļͣ˵ŤӭңҲٺݺݵĲʮº̲ס󼦰ʹУһɹˮǴͷϵ飬ӹһһ˱ĿУҲˬľһɣ󼦰³һǿľҺȫĻּŨľҺһСѨҲɻȵľҺ̵ýֶ˦йһΣС૽еѽ󼦰͸硭̲סҪй󼦰͵ɷסมйˡйˡø硭ûôˬ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡมˬˡ
ɾҺСѨл༤ţȻİѶԷ§ýģĸȫڲš鴤ţˬݡ
ȵ轥ƽϢٶʱҲŴȫļ͸õɫͦͷʺ΢΢ͦţ˵ֻһգ۵ƨ߸ߵͻţСѨʶ⣬죬ںëôԸˣѹᵱǣСѨ滹ϵңӵľҺǸжΪҲ֪ĸȻܺĸӣл׵Ϸʵ۵ܲˣеۣӵڴĸ泩۵֮ˡ
ԭΪԾһģ˭֪˯ҹʱұһˬĸŪѣ۾ʱ򣬵һۿһβһխСķۺɫڿ㣬İм͹ѨѨмݳһѷ죬ڿˮӡʹҿԿѨۺѷ죡ԭҵϣ˱ҵļͣҲǱŪѵġ
һҵļͣϵʱʱŪţһС캬ҵĴ󼦰˱ţϵ˱ҹͷϵۣ콫ͷס
มš衭ȡҺม衭Щม
ҵĴ󼦰ͱ飬˷ܵıЩҲҵĻ̧֮ͷһظЦȻҵĴ󼦰ͣͬʱ˲ɢҵͷ͵ͷȴҵغȻһһҴ󼦰͵ĸſСֽҴ󼦰ͺ˽ȥʼйɵ˱ˬҲòѴ󼦰Сͦô󼦰ܸ
衭มҺˬ̫ˡҵĴ󼦰ͺˬมԡ衭ԡมԡ
ǿҵĿˬܲãҲòתעְķβҵϸ˵ѨͱˮŪʪڿӡҸ˷ܶˮʪмѷ죬ۺѨѷ̲סĸڿŪϸ졣
ššһߺҵļͣһš
ѱˮĵڿ㣬ֻСµεë˿ްķֲϣۺСзˮʪ͸Ǽڿ㣬Ҳʪ͸ëƮϢҲĸǳ໥ߵƣ˫ȴ󿪣һҵľ󣬴Ӻɫëۺ죬ʤգ΢΢ſСѨڶϸţƬƵ֮£ǵų޵ĺɫѨڸڳõˮ
ָµѨŪţƬ͵÷ʷʺСرĵطʳָѨòţһᣬѨȵİ͸ҺҵָմҺ塣
มšСա졭ɧѨมš衭ܲˡ
ĻѨĶҲΪĿŪŪŪһֻĸ˸ˮɧεſϣС£ʹҵָܸѨ
ĺöӡ졭šСѨมܲˡ㡭ɧѨɡม
ץסҵĴ󼦰Ūţڵȫȼţʹԭĵ㣬СѨˮҲָĲŪйš
ܲˡมСաม졭㡭šߡԡม;ǡˡҪˡม
ҽѨǷȻͷſѨѷ죬ͷò˱ɰ٣ⲻŤʹнȣסҵĶ䣬ʪѨҵϡ
СաมมɧѨมš졭Ҫɡมˡ
̲סһҵĴ󼦰ƵţŹͷſС캬סҵļŪ˱ҵļͣҶʪѨһҵζҵ죬۾˵ɧѨůķֱˬˡ
šСյĴ󼦰͡ô֡óมšϲˡมҵġ󼦰һ˵ġ
ˮͣĴѨ˳ҵճˣ費ϵͲУ촽˱Ƿ³˱ҧǿС٣ֲʱͷѨŪš
มมˡСˡšöӡม㡭費ˡ
ٽְսƨɣͷͣϸ۷۰׵βҲĥƨѩ۵ļŪţҲƨϸţȻͷͱȥŪţݼ̲ס˫ȶţСѨϵ񛪺һˮһɹɻˮʪĿ
ˬมҵĺöӡšɷ򡭡ø硭
šม򡭡ˬˡ
轿˽еҹžķʱҵϢ㺹졢ţǵôֳĴ󼦰ͣͷţ֧ӲСĹͷ͸Һ
öӡСѨˬมһ㡭졭ˬมСѨˬˡˡšҪ󼦰͸ɡСյҪ󼦰͸ɡ
˵ɵڴϣָֿѨϵͬʱܵſ˫ȵ˵ɣĺöӡ졭ݺĴ󼦰ͲѨɡ


04
͸䴰¹⣬ҿڴſȵҵ裬ϸ㷢Ʈɢԣ߹ԸеĽſҸΣʷ鷿ڽϸ۵ǰŷۺɫͷͦţϷԲԲ̵ƨɣСƽ̹Ƥ󻬣Բ˫ſɡVͣV͵ĶǷǷ
ҹ濪˫֮ҵĴ󼦰ͣùͷĥѨϵѷ죬СѨˮϵˣ䶼ϢùͷСˮ󻬣һ̣һ͸ɽ˴ҼǰʶӭϣһҵĴ󼦰;ֱĻġ
󼦰͸硭ม˼ҵĻˡšˡĺöӡมมมСյĴ󼦰͡ˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ȫѨʱҸе󼦰ͱһůůסֺýխĸо޷ݵģȻǵڶǬѨָж޷ݣתƨɣʹҵĹͷСѨҲ˿ת
มม󼦰ͶӡĥˡšɧѨĴ󼦰͡มĥ顭֡ˬˡม
ѨİҵĴ󼦰ͣҵĴ󼦰͸ӳѪǴҼתȦĥѨĻģͬʱͷͷüͷʧӣʮֵгɾ͸УҲʼĳѨ
СաมĺöӡšɧѨมǬ谡ҪӵĴ󼦰塭衭มɧѨҪӵĴ󼦰Ͳ塭
˵ƨɣӭҵĳҲ˫εץס鷿ͷ캬סӲͦͷ˱ţͣĲѨ
áðมСաมԡšöӡĺ졭Ĵ󼦰͡šɡ谮󼦰Ͷˡ졭Ĳ塭
Ѩһһմ˹ˮĴ󼦰ͣӿĳѨÿһεĲ붼ôʹĸһײġžžţѨˮաա÷޵Ĵɫ
ᡭมĺø硭ͣมĲ塭ԡมĺϹมҪĸɧѨԡҪͣĲɧѨมˬม
賤Rҵɢڴϣǰ鷿ҲΪҳҡţխѨˮҵĴ󼦰䶯ţݼеʢҲ̲סļӿٶȲѨ
衭šѨýมеҺˬมš
СաɧѨĴ󼦰ʹ󡭡СյĴ󼦰Ͳˬˡ졭Ǭ衭มԡɧѨˬɧѨӸɵúˬˬ
費ͣţѨڵˮѾģˬϸСӣ¡ţû뵽ҵĴ󼦰ͻŮ˸ɳģǰɵġε裡
ˬมšˬˡมöӡ㶥ӹˡø硭šĴ󼦰͸硭ɧѨɵúˬָɵӹˡ졭ٿ㡭
ŷģ裬ҸǴŪţļнƨĳСѨһֱĻģʹСѨˮͣйһһйͣҵĴʪһƬ
ˬมĸαĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡˡšĻˡ졭󼦰ͶӡҪ󼦰Ͷӡ衭ɡԡԡĸ衭
ǰεľ֪Ҫ߳ˣǸĳ鶯ҵĴ󼦰ֱСѨǿҶļҲˮƴӿѨܵߡƴĦҵļʹûа϶
š衭มˬ𡭡ӸɵĊˬˬСյĴ󼦰ͲĊɧѨˬˬɧѨֻֽ󡭡šɵҺˬ
ˬѽม׶ӡšɵˬˡø硭šֶĻˡˬɰɡСաมĺöӡݺݵĸɡ塭Ĵ󼦰¡Ұɡ
ԽԽ̡̡ͣ轿ޒţĽ̼ұԭʼҰԣҲѨǷܵˣϧƴţҲ§ҵӣнŮеĴ̼ʹȫޱȣͦεӭÿһεĿ塣
ðСաš챻ˡม׶ӡɧѨĴ󼦰Ͷӡมˬˡ󼦰Ͷӡɵ衭֡йˡˡมййԶˡ
һɹ̵ˮӹ̵ֱҵĹͷҲѣҸݳ͸ɣͷĶĻģֻɵ紺˿ӹĻһһϵţˮϵСѨ˫ֽңβͦͣӭҵĳݵ
׶ӡมĴ󼦰͸ɵˬมɡԶӡ㡭ม졭ɡԡมöӵĴ󼦰ֲӹˡҪйˡɧѨ֡ҪйˡˡйСˡййˡ
һʱ֮䣬ҸоҵĴ󼦰ͱɧѨȵȦסͷӹҧ˱ζеޱȵ泩
ﵽ߳ҵزţ˫ӵҵıۣйĿУҲ˳Ƶϣ軨һһϵ˱ҵĹͷĸоĸڴϣٵĴŴƷĸ׼ζ
һҿ軹ڸ߳УҳҵĴ󼦰ͣڴߣҰ豧ڴϣͬʱֿ˫ȹҵ˫ϣʱҿǽϵľӳĸҵģɿ͸죬ϸļǰ鷿Բ̵ͷϸխ֦ʵԲСƽ˫ż߸¡ںëƬ۵УһܼͲɶ΢ķۺɫ죬ˮһͻ٣ѷĶˣܲˣҵĴ󼦰͵סѨϵѷĥš
š衭ӵĴ󼦰ŊɧѨء
Сաมĥˡˡšม졭СաĺöӡĴ󼦰ͲɧѨÊĴ󼦰Ͱֹֹม
ҵĻ󣬾ֱֱĶžĻ濴ĶŴ󼦰ʪѨĥţҿó˫εİǰʵòŵҵĴ󼦰ͣ׼ˮСѨ
มšСաɷ򡭡ĥˡɧѨˡ塭ɧѨมɧѨˡ
飬ҧƬ۵ţмˮģҵļ͸е̡ʪġ
衭ššĶҪѴ󼦰ͲѨˡšɧѨѶӵĴ󼦰͸̽ȥɡ
šáῴġ졭ɧѨˡมˡšĺöӡ콫Ĵ󼦰ͲɡมĴ󼦰衭š
ɧ̬裬û뵽ƽոŋľģ裬ΪҵĴ󼦰ͣôķɧҸϿ콫󼦰ͲСѨŴ󼦰ͣ׼޺ɫʪܵⶴͷƨһ̧̡һҵĴ󼦰;ͺĲѨˣҵļͿĸܵɧѨεķӦţͦ˼£ֳĴ󼦰;ֱףǰ˵Ĺͷ嵽ӹ棬ҲѨ
ðมšСյĴ󼦰͡šְɧѨˡมšĴ󼦰͸硭õɧѨˡšม졭׸硭มǬɡมܲˡɧѨҪӵĴ󼦰͸ɡš
ǽխѨҵĴ󼦰ͳŵýģӹڸҵĹͷܵģʹһѨĻĸһһɿĲţһһ˱ҧҹͷ鼫ˡ
š衭มҵĴ󼦰ֲɧѨˡšɧѨֽšӵĴ󼦰͡มม
šԡСաĴ󼦰ְ֡ɧѨˡϲСյĴ󼦰มมÿβɧѨóŰมĸָһˡɧѨСռͽĲһ𡭡
һ߰鷿ŪСͷһ߱裬ͷӹתţܵݼҲŤϸƨҲʼ¶ţˮʪҲɧѨĹͷ֪ҪǱ
Ĵ󼦰͸硭มˡšöӡˬˡมš׶ѽม󼦰ɷ򡭡졭ҪมǬɧѨ졭󼦰ͲĻġม졭Զӡɰɡ
һ϶Ѩһ߲ʱְ鷿һҲ쵽ĸϴĥתŪ٣ʹɧѨһ󴤶ҵĴ󼦰ͣɧѨ̵ˮ
Сա졭มҪɡԡɧѨˬมСաมĴ󼦰ͶӡáĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡɷ򡭡ġø硭Զɡมɵˡม
跴ԵĽ˫ȵĽţҸеͺɧѨһ϶ҲûУǽҼ͵ɧѨҸеһܣ˫ϸ̧ͣţҲһζ϶ɧѨ
衭쿴มӵĴ󼦰ŊɧѨءมš󼦰ɧѨŵ
มˡĴ󼦰ͶӡมɧѨСյĴ󼦰͡ɧѨءมɵˬ谮СյĴ󼦰ͲɧѨˡˬ󼦰Ͷӹˡšมม
֪迪ʼµҵĴ󼦰ͣĶҡķ鷿ҵӣҲĽƨѹҵĴ󼦰ϣĸ
มˬСաɧѨˬˡɷ򡭡󼦰͸硭ֶӹˡมˬˡˬˡĸαมֲˡšҺˬҪҪйˡҪйˡҪйˡ
Ǻ죬촽ҧţͷɢķ˿ҵĴŤƨɣ߸ߵţʹˮѨͻСѨˮȪˮֱӿҵĴ󼦰ͣҲ˳ƨɹʪ˴
ˬˡมˬ׸硭ĺöӡมĴ󼦰͡ˬˡšĺø硭塭ԡ衭谮Ĵ󼦰ˡˬˡมᰡҿˬˡ
žҵĴ󼦰ͳģޱȵ˷ܣҸŬô󼦰֭СѨҿ壬ֱֱҲǣˮԽԽ࣬ѨӵȣƨɿӭյĸܼҲҵĹͷɧѨһһ֮䣬̡̡졣
СաมĴ󼦰̫ˡ󼦰͸ɧѨˡม
ûôˬˬСѨˡšðСաɵˬˡ󼦰ͶӲˬˡมöӡ졭มɡ
İҲøӺݣҲ׷ƨɣɧѨҵĴ󼦰ͺýһˮֱҵĹͷӹڸҧ˱ʹҸеޱȵ泩ҲûֹͣǼѨҲҡŤƨҴ󼦰ͲĿӭš
ˬˡɧѨӵĴ󼦰͸ɵĺˬมСաĺöӡԡม豻Сղ̫ˬˡมֶӹˡֲˡҪҪйˡมһ㡭ййˡš
һӣɧѨڵӹͻȻСѨƵһ˱ţҪ߳һɲǣƬǺ۵ͼҷǵĴ󼦰ͣŨŨˮ̵ȪӿҲûϢʱ䣬ڴߣվڵ׽˫ҷֿ߾٣ѹϺͷƴ˱ţŪˮֱѨصĲţＱĽҵĴ󼦰͵ס΢΢ſѨڣͦƨɣҡڷΣƬ͵һźϣҵĴ󼦰˽ȥ
มĺöӡǬɧѨһ㡭มһЩɧѨˡ졭š塭Ĵ󼦰ǬɧѨѨðˡ
йٶȽһĸ߳խխСѨŴ󼦰ͣζŤҡڶѨͦţҹͷ⹵ˬҵĴ󼦰˳ֻͷѨĥ룬ڲɧѨʱټתһȦ
׶ӡมСѨĴ󼦰Ͷӡมˬˡ󼦰͸硭มԡɡһ㡭ٲ塭ˬˡม󼦰͸ɵˬมˬˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ˮաաУͣѨţֱײѨžž죬Ҳһһµӭҵĳɣ˫ǰͣʹҸݵĲͷֱײĻģͺݵѨĥת
š衭ˬˬӵĴ󼦰͸ɵĊˬˬมСɧѨСյĴ󼦰͸ɵˬɡ
ˬม󼦰ͶӸɵġСѨˬˡСյĴ󼦰͡ɧѨˡมָɵĻˡ졭Ĵ󼦰ͶӡšҪһ㡭มһ㡭ɧѨҪ׶ӵĴ󼦰Ͳ塭ԡมֶӹˡšˬ
ҵĴ󼦰ĳ壬ܺӹڣеϣתţˬ裬ҵĴ󼦰תֱҡͷ۰УֱŤˮĴѨһֱɧ̬ˡ
ҵĺöӡɷ򡭡มĴ󼦰͸硭มѨĺø硭šɧѨĺöӡ̫ˬˡ˼ҰĴ󼦰ˡ졭ٲҡˬ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡม󼦰ֶҵĻˡšˬˡม
ĸĲţµĴ󼦰ͺСѨе䡢Ťҡţ˵ʲô׳ѲҪˣʱֻлŮе棬εĽŵ档
ˬˡมöӡˬԡɰมһ㡭㡭ǬɧѨԡ塭มɧѨҪҪййˡҪй󼦰Ͷˡ
һ֫շ׺ͻתպҵĴ󼦰ͣӹĥҵĹͷѨеҵĹͷɧѨһ˿˿Ŀ϶ޣޱȡ
ม芅ɧѨýеҺˬ衭졭Ťƨɡš׶ӿҪ䡭侫ˡ
มİĹԶӡšСɡ콫ľɧѨšɧѨɡมء졭
ҵĻƴŤƨɣӹҲͣ˱ҵĹͷˬһɧ˫żҵϣ󼦰͸Ĳţ˫Ҳว鷿
ԡĺöӡ衭嵽Ļˡԡɰมֿ첻ˡˡҪйˡˬˡ
ҡţҲ§Ĳ嶯ʮºͻȻѨĵסҵĴ󼦰ͣһ廬ȵˮֱҵĹͷɧѨסҵĴ󼦰ͣˬһĽҺӹ
սĸӾıڴϣĸ׸߳ٺನУʱͻȻ뵽ҵľҺӹ᲻ˣ߳رƣģԲúҾͽˣ


05
ڶʱѲˣҲ·һʱ֮䣬һǷҵһΣ龳ôıҵĴأҜRҵĴҲ֤ʵҺٶ뷨ҴҴһ·뿪ϣʱӳĻȴҲɵͣס˽ŲԭҪ촩һ̵ܶխȹĿǺСԸеĺɫڿ㣬ڿԵ˿ֻŷβһСݣҲҿµļͷҲϸȹµķ⡣
Сɫ컹Ͽȥϴˢ
ĻҲŻعҲȷˣҺķ龳еʧĴҴҵĻعԡҡıֺƽʱûҵȻҲӦԣֱҳʱͻȻһ¡ҴҵϤĸоһ£Ҳңãĸ㺣̲סǰ裬촽촽Ҳ˳˱ҵͷ
šˣˣŰɣ
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˵Ҵ׼ʱֶ˵˿Ҫรร
ĻȸԾѣҲǾ䡸ҵ㣡һ춼ϿΣֻҪ뵽ʱΣҿµĴ󼦰;Ӳܣòװ˿ΣҷɱƵĸϻؼң
صҺæţվıϸģһ׼õװɫȹŷʵββɿڿóխС˿ߵڿ㡣
裡һˣСĵ˵š
ˣȳԵˮҪȥ·ϴ裡
˵󣬾ͽкõˮøңͽˣҽˮõϷź󣬾ķ䣬ķŲûйϣƿǰľɵһ嶯ԭŷ·ֻװϵ¶⻬ıӳ۵ףһɫֺڿǳ׵ģƺҪѸҿһϵ·Ǽɫ˿ڿڳҵǰխС״οڿ㣬찡ҿƵĿ㵵ŵܣģ⿪֣ҴӺԿԿǱĳ鷿ôļͦȻ֪Ƶģŵڿ㣬ȻȫͿˣǾĺ̲סҪȥס裬һʱ˳ι£һϸ죬ȫĳǰѨҵĴ󼦰͵Ѩóһ¿㣬찡ѾѪˣԡۣҪϴ¿ͽԡˣ
ԡϺҲصҵˮͬʱŵӣȴʱǹرģоʱѹ˺ܾãߵҵߣ̧ͷۣǰľҿˣĴżֱ޷ܣ͸˯棬ĿԿˮɫֺСòСڿ㣬͸㱡ɴĿǼͦŮ鷿ۺɫͷȸ̲ë֣мʵֹ⻬̫ˣ
ʱҲ̲סˣվ§ס裬Ȼ°ͣȥҲİͷְҵͷ﷭һָ͸˯½ʵͦ鷿ϵĴ࣬Ұƶβ˯´е㲻㣬ǽ⿪˯µ˿˯漴䣬ְǰƶĽأڿ㣬ҵ棬صĸŪ
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Сաšมðม
˷ܣɳϣڵƹ£壬ͬʱѸٵѹϵֻڿ㣬ļͼţһ̽Ǽ͸ڽǿ棬ظŪë̽ëµϸ졣
มðСաŪม
ָڿҵļϣ漴ţŪǵܵļҵߡ
šô󡭡ôֵļม谮ˡ
š衭ϲĻͰóӵĴ󼦰Ǌġ
貢ûҵڿ㣬ڵļĥһҪѼȥģͬʱҵûţѨϲϸȻָͷѨ
มšԡСաȥม
ѨͺխСƵģָֻȥͿԸоֱ۰ΧнĿУҲ̲סҵڿ㣬ǸѲļͣĵ˳
ô֡óĴ󼦰มš谮ˡ
Żڻսսſ죬ҵļͺ˽ȥص׶ҵļߣҲʱķŵ
šš̡̡š
š衭áð
Сļĺô춼ȥˡ
˵ֽҵļͺ˽ȥݷҪ̽Ƶģָоʵ̫ˣҰת˹ҵ׵Ѩ˳Ұڲűɴ͸˿ڿ㣬Ҹ˷ܶˮѾʪʪмѷ죬Ұͷϸ졣
šš
һߺҵļͣһţڿѨĲ˵ڣҿѨϸзˮʪ͸Ǽڿ㣬Ҳʪ͸ëСѨͷſϸ죬١
öӡมŪҡܲˡ
̲סתңһԲͣŪҵļ˵šöӡҪҪĴ󼦰͡
裬ҪҵĴ󼦰͸𣿡
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İڿ㣬Ѩǰ̧˫ȣſҿøˣ΢΢ķˮűǵļͣùͷסСѨزŪ᲻ϲ롣
มöӡҪٶˡ졭š졭ɧѨมɧѨҪĴ󼦰͸ɡ
Ҳ̲סͷ̡һ˳ˮ˽ȥһƣͰҵļȫѨ棬խСѨůڣİסҵļ̲ͣסһ˳衭ѨýมеĶӵĴ󼦰ͺˬš
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ҹǳ׵ĽƵģûĸ׳Ĺ˼ɣխСŮСѨޱȵòҵĿУҸĳ鶯š
š׶ӡĴ󼦰͸ɵɧѨˬǬ衭졭มĴ󼦰͸硭ĶӡšɧѨϲļͲ塭ม졭СѨ졭
ĸ϶Ѿĺˮʪ͸ˣ̼ңеҲˣ԰˫ȼҵļϣѨ̧ߣʱʱǳʱʱĳ͡
ม׶ӡûѨҪˡҡٸҡมɷ򡭡öӡšÿ춼ҪҪҡġ׶ӡ첻ˡมûѨ졭졭йˡ
ม衭ɧมӰˡСհɧѨĸоˡ
มСա׶ӡšɧĴ󼦰ม󼦰Ͷӡɵ̲סɧˡ졭׶ӡɰɡɡม
ƨһһµͦšСҲһһҵޒţҵĴ󼦰Ѩ֮һһʱƬ۵ķģʱʱ֣ɧѨҵļ͡
󼦰͸硭มҵĺöӡ豻ɵúˬมҪˡֲ嵽ӹˡมˡ졭ٿ㡭ม󼦰Ͷӡһ㡭㡭費ˡมҪйййมй󼦰Ͷˡ
ͻȻ֮䣬һ״ӭҵĴ󼦰ͣɧѨҲŽӹҵĹͷҲоĿУŨȵˮһֱ֮ͷ̵Ҳ˼£Ϊأǿ侫ĿСһҪйҡ
׶ӡšˬˡöӡˬมšˡ
ĳޣƲסеĳ嶯ֿʼĲ嶯ţͦķ鷿ҵĶǰţ龰̲סĸͷ̺͹ͷţͬʱҵҲһߵ鷿ţţ
šɧѨˡ󼦰͸ɵˬมɡСաҡԡมҵĴ󼦰͸硭ɵ̫ˬˡ󼦰Ļˡมˬˡ
˫۵˫飬β¹ô󼦰һһĸɧѨùͷѨҲͣŤţ㷢ɢУβƴ϶̬Եıܣĸ
׶ӡļͺô󡭡มӲôม谮Ĵ󼦰ˡมɡҵĴ󼦰͸硭Ļ顭ˡม󼦰͸硭˼ҵĻˡ
ۣ۵ƨɲͣޒͦ裬ɧ˵ҵĳ壬ͻѨηͦңסҵĴ󼦰ͣ糵㲻ͣתҡš
ҵ׶ӡ˼ˡม谮ɡšɵСѨˬˡŶ󼦰ͶӡɵɧѨ̫ˬˡ󼦰͸硭졭มҪҪйˡˡйˡมй󼦰Ͷˡ
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š衭มɧѨˬ𣿡
มˬˬˡšСյĴ󼦰͸ɵˬ
йƣ裬ĽţҲˣܵҵĴ󼦰ѨһһĳסѨ֪һû侫ɣֻҡŤһ£׸۸ҵšСաมšĴ󼦰ͻû侫มǲɧѨš׶ӲѨš
谮׶Ӳ˼ҵѨ塭
裡ǻƣվŲ壬òã˵˵ţҵš
š˶СյˣֻҪСϲ趼㡭šСϲվŸ衭վɡ
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ŶǡšСյĴ󼦰Ϊô֡ÿζǡ
ҵĴ󼦰ͲɧѨ󣬻ΪվţѨȸոոӵխҿԸоСɧѨﱻҵĴ󼦰ģһ˿˿϶ҲûУҾһ§ƨҲʼҡΣİѹͷӹĥ˼ºȻ⼱飬ѨĥĥȥȻֺݺݵĲ룬ֱĵġ󼦰͸硭มˡšɧѨҲġ谮ˡš벻Ĵ󼦰ˡ׶ӵĴ󼦰͸ɵҺมˬ
ҵĴ󼦰ǰͦĲţˮ¶ַ飬ʺ۵ɧѨΪҵĴ󼦰ŵùǣò˫§ңŤҡεɧĵˮ
󼦰ͶӸɵ̫ˡมˡš󼦰ͲɧѨมöܸɡɵˬˡม졭ǬСɧѨ졭ٿһ㡭มһ㡭šˡ
һᣬ糺죬˵Ŀƨңÿҵĳ鶯ˡ̡̡󼦰͸ɽСɧѨ⣬ֻɧޱȵˡ
š󼦰͸硭ม塭ม˼ҪҪӵĴ󼦰Ͳ塭׸ԡม㡭һ㡭öӲˡ󼦰͸ɵˬˬˡ
ͣšžžײ̡̡͡Ĵ󼦰ͲѨˮѨӹһһ˱ҵĹͷˬ̲סгڣ衭มСɧѨҵĹͷˡСѨมȡʪšˬ
СաҲˬ󼦰͸ɵ˼ˬˡมԡĺöӡมִ֡ӲšֳĴ󼦰͸ɡСյĴ󼦰ֲ嵽ӹˡมˡมĺñɵˬ
Ŀ嶶ɧ̬ȤܣգҺ۵ͷһֻҲһ鷿ĳţʹĽͦСѨˮҲ࣬Ѩ˳ƨɹεϣɧ˵ѨҲҵļ͡
áðСաĺöӡš塭塭ҵ׶ӡมĴͷָɵĻˡĺöӡɵˬˡ󼦰Ͷɡ豻ɵֿйˡɧѨҪййˡ
ڲͣУѾˬýȻҵľˣʱرĽΣ绨ҲԽԽ죬δֱѨײȪӿˮͬʱҲ̬ϵĲ˫رסңƨƴͦɧѨܸصĹ
öӡม׶ӡҪˡ󼦰ͶӸɵˬˡĺø硭ɷ򡭡Ĵ󼦰ͲҡҪйҪйˡɧѨ衭й󼦰Ͷˡ
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׸硭มƲˡมˬСաɵˬˡ󼦰ͲɧѨܲˡ󼦰͸˼ˡ
˫ֱȽѹǽϣŴ󼦰ɧѨţ֮費ò˫ֽıҵı˷ܵĲͣţƨɸ̰ҡӭҵĴ󼦰͡
СաĺöӡšҺˬมɧѨɵĺˬöӡม졭ĸɡšĸҡĺɷ򡭡ĸɡมĴ󼦰͡ˬ
ұѨ˵ɧֺּͦƨɣҵĴ󼦰ͣδζӲ嵽ףÿֶĻģ轿ƨŬͦţӭҵĴ󼦰͵Ĳɣʱѹ˲Ƿᴫȥ
มĴ󼦰ͶӡɵҺˬมԡСաĸม󼦰͸硭ɧѨˡมɧѨˬˡ̫ˬˡ졭มĸɡ
š衭һѨɡมӸɵĊˬˬСѨšɧֽˮֶ࡭มСոɵˬˡ衭ԺҪҪӵġ󼦰ɊมԺòáÊҵĴ󼦰͡šɧѨֹֹ
มöӡСɧѨĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡ󼦰ֲ嵽ӹˡมʮˡԺҪСô󼦰͸ɡֲӹˡôมšСɧѨᱻ󼦰͸ɧѨֲˡม󼦰͸硭졭
ҵĴ󼦰ѨˮʪǵëһǺϧĸɣʹĲ壬Ƶģ˫ȽĹסҵͣźͣİڶ
ԡԡСѨɡมҵĴ󼦰͸硭СɧѨҪййˡûôˬĴ󼦰Ͷӡมɷ򡭡졭㡭Ĵ󼦰͡ɵйˡɧѨйˡɧѨˬˬ
һ̵ˮӹֱйָ֪߳ˣҷϣͬʱҵĴ󼦰ɧѨɧѨⲻͣĳ鴤Ŵ󼦰͵ĿУӹʹŴ󼦰ͣ顢ʹУˮһһ˳Ҵڲ࣬ﵽ߳裬ſϣұԡϣ赱Ȼ˫ȼҵҵļҲɲɧѨұ߲߱ԡҡҽԡϣȻվͷʱ̵İߵĴ󼦰öӣС죬øմӸ߳裬ֵסҵļͲͣŪ
šô֡óĴ󼦰͡ˡม谮СյĴ󼦰ˡڲһûˡ
衭ԺǊһ˵ˣֻҪϲǿɣҪъʮεȫ
šԶӣҲҪʮ̵ȫ㣬ɧѨԺģֻҪɣɡ
˵轫Сȥ³ͷҼ͵ڲ࣬ͷҵĹͷ͹ͷ깵ȻſС콫ҵļ͸ͣĺ˱ΡҧףŪҼĲˣ̲סҺΪΣԺܿľ
Ŷ衭šˡˬˡŶ
ͷͣҹͷ깵ƣ̲סץסͷСĺ˱˶
Ŷˬ衭Ŷ󼦰̫ˬˡ̫ˬˡŶ衭ܲˡҪɊšҪ劅Ѩ衭ҪӺ劅òá
СաˡšֻҪϲ趼㡭˵˵ţתӣͦβĺñɣӺǬ裬ĸӸɸʹ졣
˫ſǽϽװ۵ƨɸ߸ߵţĽˮɧ˵Ѩ¶ǰıַŴ󼦰ùͷۡĥ٣Ūˮһֱ
šŶöӡҪˡҪĥˡšɧѨ󼦰͸硭šҪĥˡŶɧѨˡมöӡҡɧѨ
ѨˮͣţմҵĹͷʹҵĹͷ⣬ƨҲ󶥣뽫ҵĴ󼦰͸ȥɡ
šҵĺúӡҡŶ㡭ҡɧѨˡ󼦰ͿɧѨɧѨܲˡม졭Ǭ谡
ʱңҲѸǵ㣬ҲСѨͦͷס˵裬Ҫȥˡ
áɡҡšɧѨġ衭ʱԸɡ콫Ĵ󼦰͡šɧѨมȶӵĴ󼦰ء
ҵĴ󼦰Ͷ׼ˮѨͦһ壡ž̡һҵļ;ͲѨȥ
áǰ
󼦰˳ĴӺѨʱ̾һҲܵҵĴ󼦰ͱůʪֽյѨİš
úӡมĴ󼦰ɧѨóʵม󼦰͸硭ɧѨֹֹšɧѨˬһˬม
˫ֽץסͬʱͷѨҵĴ󼦰ŵӣҵĴ󼦰ѨΣտʼһһһ壬ҵĴ󼦰ĳٺݺݵĲ˽ȥ
ม󼦰͸ɵáҵɧѨöӡš̫ˡม󼦰ͶӡšɧѨԶɡ׶ӡƺðˬšɷ򡭡ҡǬ衭Ҫÿҡòã
š衭һġһÿɊġšӻÿô󼦰͸Ɋġ
һ˵һŬĳҵĴ󼦰ͣҲϵšɸƨɣѨˮҲͣ
ม׶ӡšĴ󼦰ͺöӡมûѨĴ󼦰ͺóô֡ɵˬ󼦰Ͷ軨ˡɵӹˡø硭ɵˬ
衭šѨðůеҺýˬ
Ұıϣ轿ķԲرǷ۵ƨɣҾޱȣǻ˫ȥѩ׷۵鷿ͦĶƨɣǴ˶ӲĴ󼦰ͣδο񵷻ġ
ѨĴ󼦰Ͷӡมˬ谮ˡš졭󼦰͸ӹˡมԡĴ󼦰׶ӡСѨˬˡ
ɧ˵裬ҵĴ󼦰͸ɵˮխɧѨһŲѣҲźţһ˱Ŵͷˬ泩Ľгڣ衭šСѨýมĻҺˬеáม
ȫġð衭С


06
迴ҶӣΪҸɣֻܵıŮɧ˵ıܣͣǰҵͦƨɳӭҵļͣһ˫۾ˮ۾ɢ˵Ļ棬ʱ˵š󼦰Ͷӡมˬ𡭡šСѨҪˬĴ󼦰Ͷӡšɷ򡭡ɡˬˡҪˡ
żرͲ弸£ܻỻɧʴǵͬʱɧʮĻعͷ΢Цңһ뵽ƽʱ߹ׯ۵裬ȴΪҵļͶҾ񵴻Ʈһ͵ĲŪ
Զӡ졭šมǬɧѨ졭Ҫйˡ졭СɧѨมɧѨҪˬˡˬˬŶɧѨˬˡйй󼦰Ͷˡ
ʱĴ󼦰ͱӹģýģһһһ˱Źͷ֪йˣͣѨоˮҲй˺ö࣬й輸վסˣʱҲ̲סˣһ塣
衭ҲҪˡมѨеܲˡ
׶ӡ졭มšɧѨ軳С軳ĺӡม졭ֲˡ졭СɧѨӹมĸһˬ͸硭СѨƵˡ塭ˡûɡҪˡ㡭
һ壬ͻȻҾñһ飬ޱȣҲŲţ֪ҲҪ侫ˣĺݳ͸ɣùͷδβ嵽Ļϣһɹ̵ŨֱѨӹҲķƵһŤһйˣҲ૵˵ţšйˡมˬˡˬˡš
ҵĴ󼦰ͣѳԿͼįˣʮлŮԵۣȫӣҵĴ󼦰͸˰ɡ
һҰγѨļʱάſǽϵƣֻһˮҵľҺѨ˳Ŵذ塣
ม׶ӡš趼챻ˡมɧѨĴ󼦰͸ˡ
ĻҸжĴӺ§裬ҲתҼֱţ൱ɣҵ˵СգĺöӣҸรˬˡ
裬ҲˬԺĸҪĸɣҪÿô󼦰͸ɊѨĸԺҪˬ
ʱߺ˵ӣǰˣҲһѽ˹§ҵĻҲĵҽʵظϣŸոĸӽĿ֡
Сգ⼸ĺÿร
֪ԺӲÊܿˣ
Ժ󣬿Ҫúõ۰裡
۰뿪ʵ˫ң¶ı飬ݷڸʱҰ쵽ձ߸ţٰԸϣ˫ܵĽţܵĻ˱ŶԷҺҵҲƵļС̽ţںöḧںĳֱĸӿ촭ʱҲ뿪졣
Сգϴ裡
ţ
˳»ӰΪϴ裬ĸûκλֻﲻʱ͸¶ҵް⣬ҲʱҶİ
ֱҲϵˮκ̲סԣҵĶ˵Сգطȥ
˫ֽԡұСӰҵĻǰ鷿鷿ϵӣҰͷԼԿеëɵҵļֲˣպöƨϣұĶͷ˫ۣǼ⣬΢΢ſӣ
Сաôô󼦰Ӳˡ
˭ôˣҲʮķݸ費Ҳ˵ʱضҸɵġ
۸裬ѾˣʱԸ裬ǱŪ壬֪𣿡
裬֪ˣһᣬܵˡ裬ӸɵĊˬˬϲϲӸɊ
š豻ɵúˬϲӸңСĺøҲĺöӣĺø磬裬ҲСɧѨá
һ˵Ļɵҵļ˼ƨһ£ߵҺҰŵڴʱʲôƵ˵ˣСӶ˰ɣȥ׼ͣ˵Ӵ
裡ˣҸճԹˮڻ
ʱպñҹڴϣѩסԲ۵ƨɣҵǰҿ˸һ
裡ƨÿԲ̵ġ
ϲǿˣȫ¶ġ
һ˵һ߹ҡƨɣ̲סĸţʱĽ쵽̺Ѩһѣ轿ʱһһģתͷЦţҵָƨɷ䶺ͣ
豻ôһŪողϢֵȼĻ˼ΪŪͣһͷҵĻĶְһҾĿš
ҷĶʣ裡𣿡
ţ롭ҪӵĴ󼦰ͣ
˵һѽҽӵסϵĥźýɧ鲻Խ۵鷿Ҳӭҵͦ˱ҵҲıϡҸ¡СصĸҲʼĸ԰ǰ
šม
ļô󻬡ϸ壬ĺҲһִֻ鷿һҵẬһ鷿ĿŪеĵش˽ȥˮѨҲʼˡ
ðมСաš
˳ͷȥǷѨҵͷɵٺڲ࣬ȫе趶˺ü£ʱ̧ߣʱͦͣҵͷ
šมöӡšɧѨŶҪˡšɧѨŶҪˡܲˡ
˫Ŵ򿪣ڴϵ費ͣõ°ҵͷͬʱʱ̧ƨɽѨͦҵ졣
มöӡɧѨšĴ󼦰͡㡭มĴ󼦰Ǭ衭졭šҪˡɧѨˡ
ǻȥͬʱҵĴ󼦰ĥŪ費ͣ˽С
õܵܡšȥšҪˡҪĥˡɧѨˡ㡭มǬɧѨš󼦰͸硭һҡܲˡɧѨˡ
ƨ鼱Ƶģһֱ϶ҵĴ󼦰;ûȥŪˮһƬ
裡ҪӵĴ󼦰𣿡
šҪ졭ҪӵĴ󼦰͡
ҪӵĴ󼦰͸𣿡
ҪӵĴ󼦰͡СɧѨҪɧѨҪнӵĴ󼦰͡졭СաĺöӡมɧѨҪ󼦰͡
裡λҺ𣿡
šá㡭มɺáˡ
˵跭˸ѹ£˫ȿҵĴ󼦰ϣŴ󼦰ͣһַֻֿԼѨڵ׼ҵĹͷֳִֻĴ󼦰ͱѨһһ㣬һһ˽ȥСѨ̽ҵĴ󼦰ͺֻһ̬СҲ泩ģมš󼦰ͶĻˡĻˡɧѨֱӵĴ󼦰Ͳˡมáš
һĽţһ߽˫ֳҵϣŬͦԼƨɣŪҡţҲѨĴ󼦰ͳϵı޳죬ɧƵ΢üҴ󼦰͸ǵøֳĶСѨ
ม衭ĺɧ¡ýมеĴ󼦰ˡšӵĴ󼦰ÊеˬˡŶˬ
šĺöӡšม󼦰͸硭Ĵ󼦰͡ĿˬɧѨˡ豻Ĵ󼦰͸ɵˡˬˡมˬСա졭鷿ͷมԡš
ʵ費˵Ҳ̲סָǶ鷿ӲͷΪͦζļͦ鷿ҲʱҵĿ⣬תȦȦͷҰֵš
öӡม㶥šɧѨˬˡ¶ӹˡ졭ĺø硭ԡĻġ׸硭ˬม
鷿ͷɧ˵ǽܲ˵ʴҿʼ̲סĶͦҵĴ󼦰ͣŪİΣļסҵĴ󼦰͡
ҵ׶ӡšˡมĴ󼦰͸硭ֻĴ󼦰ܸ͡ɵôˬมˬø硭ԡ㡭š鷿áˡ˼Һˬม󼦰ͶӡɵСѨˬˡ
ĶͦƨɣʹĸӵÿһνϣĻģͬʱҵҲʱĸ鷿ѹӴ̼ĿС
衭šѨýมมеˬˡ衭
มҵĺöӡɷ򡭡ˡมĸɰɡĸ߳ˡšҵĺöӡҪĴ󼦰͡졭Զġม豻ɵĺˬˬม
ַβһ߸һ߰ӿ춯ͬʱҲнǰͦűѨסĴ󼦰ͣÿζײһ
ԶӲˬϲԼ׶Ӹɡม׶ӵĴ󼦰͡ɵúˬɡСա衭ҪݺݵǬѨܲˡ졭ม׶ĸɰɡɡ
˫ֳƨɣĳײѨҵĹͷײӹǣҡ÷βƴ¶ӭڵѨҡ
š衭ɧŶϲԼĸסѨˬ¡ม̫ˬˡ
ˬมСաһ㡭ɧѨšԡһ㡭ٿһ㡭ˬˡมԶӡ졭ٿ㡭ม塭ҪˡŶ豻Ӳˡ졭費ˡมҪйˡ
ĽҼļӿ˳ٶȣÿһζӹ嶶ҲԽԽβŤĶҲԽԽ
ˡมԶĴ󼦰̫ˡҪˡҰСյĴ󼦰ˡมöɵ̫ˬˡ衭ӡ졭ҿˡйˡม衭Ҫйˡ
һᣬСҵˣҲΣѨ򻹷ʶţѨҵ𵴣ѨסҴֳĴ󼦰͡
Ĵ󼦰Ͷӡม衭šСɧѨйˡй󼦰׸ˡ
ɧѨһɧѨѨҲų鴤ͬʱһůӹӿҵĵĹͷҲйˬвţķҵϣͣĴʱһɹɵˮСѨҵĴ󼦰ҵƨ£ѴŪʪһƬ
ҿѾйýˣұͷ㷢Rҡ̬˵ӣĶ˫˫ȣ˱ұʱĽȻĽҵҵĴ󼦰ǲѨұ߲߱ıױ̨ǰ迿ǽڻױ̨ϣҹĽҵļ͸˳ȻҺվǰѩ׷졢⻬۵Ľ͸еָͦԲѩ׷鷿Ƿ׺ɫӣҴСͷ̵ͦ޺ɫ棬ʹ˿׵ѩס޺졢ڵںڣɫӳ覴õɢŮ˳ĵķϣֱջ˵
ͷ鷿ΧͶ˵Сͷ˫Ҳ鷿ţóڸ߳ϵ裬ּٵĴϢţزҲһһµš
һеزһС淼µԴڰţָͷĲֻһʪˮϵҶ˱ѨҲͷȥŪź۵ر̶С٣һȻͣͷšš
ššมСաĺöӡ졭ٲม費ˡҪĴ󼦰ˡ찡
Ļվһְϥѹſ˫ţȻסǸ͵Ĵ󼦰ͣѨĥĥȥֱ輤ȫţѨܵ϶ͦҲŽҵĴ󼦰ĲխСůѨȻʼǳĳ󼦰
šมš󼦰͸硭ð׶ӵĴ󼦰ֲɧѨˡ
˲ã豻ҵĴ󼦰һ£ּıҵͬʱҲʼҡҵĶһһ׶
š衭ơมĊѨ𡭡󼦰͸ɵÊˬˬมѨɵҺˬม
šมˬСյĴ󼦰͸ɵˬม󼦰͸硭šɷ򡭡มɧѨˡมðĴ󼦰͸硭
塭
ľዸ裬һͱֵˣ֪λŮڿҪ󸾰㡢ڴҪ񵴸һɧˣҲ֪ĳֱǿͲѨ
ҵĺɷ򡭡มɡมɧѨˬม졭ٿһ㡭ĺöӡšǬɧѨðมСյĴ󼦰͡ô֡šóˬ
֪˫ȷֵø˵ѨҲͦĸǰֻһžžҽ󼦰ͲѨʱײ籩ĳ嶯ʹŻױ̨ҡš
ԡ󼦰͸硭มúม˼Һˬ졭ɡĺöӡมĴ󼦰͸ɵҺˬˬˡมԡ塭มĸ衭
ѨһһŵŪҵĴ󼦰ͣͷȶȣҴ󼦰ͺѨĥҲԽԽˣˮҵĴ󼦰Ҳˮ͸ˣŮ԰ıܣʻ̧ͦأҵĴ󼦰͸ɵø
šԡม㡭ĺɷ򡭡úӡĴ󼦰Ͳɧˬมɵ̫ˡҵĴ󼦰͸硭̫ˬˡ󼦰ɷ򡭡ҵĻˡ졭ԶӡҪҡ
ԡˬˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ѨһһĴ˲ٵˮˮձҴ󼦰͵ĳĸ԰Ľɧ˵ڷ˵š
มֻĺöĴ󼦰ܸ͡ɵôˬĺöӡม
ɷ򡭡װĴ󼦰͸硭มֶõӹˡ׸硭󼦰͵ĺöӡ졭ม塭Ҫ̲סˡҪҪйˡ
ҪйʱæתŵϣȻ˫ƨձֻͷ;ӶڴϣҵƨͦţҵĴ󼦰ĸѨĥšתš
มม󼦰͸硭ɷ򡭡ÿˬˡˡมᰡšҪˬˡø硭塭Ҫйˡ졭
ҷݵĿ壬ʹ㷢ңյκҵŤţ˫ץҪ˺һɧ̬Ҹӵ˷ܣҲӵĲš
󼦰͸ɵˬˡˡйй󼦰Ͷˡ
ĽдĸţȫƵصľţӹǿҵ̵ˮһһĳҵĹͷţͲ弸º󣬾ͽĵסӹڣӹŹͷȤ
ſĽϣͷ˫ŸеԵ鷿Ҽңҵĥš
鷿һҾڴϣҲ棬һȥ鷿һ̧ĽţȻͦƨɽҵĴ󼦰͸ȡ۵Ѩ
ֿʼ˵˴šöӡมôûû䡭ĻᱻɡĲɧѨáСѨĴ󼦰͡มĴ󼦰ˬġ
ֱཻҴϵ֪ģȻ󼦰Ͳܲĺ룬ȴ鷿Ҳò٣󼦰ڲʱļŴ󼦰ͽĥҲе
มĺöӡˬһ㡭šһ㡭Һˡม̫ˡ󼦰Ͷӡ谮㡭谮Ĵ󼦰ˡ󼦰͸ɵˬม
һͷһͦҵĴ󼦰ʪѨţͣĽβѹҵĴ󼦰͸ĲɧѨ
ˬมСѨˡšҵ׶ӡСѨĴ󼦰͸ɵĺˬมˬˡɧѨ׶ӵĴ󼦰ĺˬม尡Ĵ󼦰ɷ򡭡졭มСѨˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ͲͣҲ壬תŪѨҵҲĿ£ָϲͣĥţ򲻶ϵŤѩ׵ƨɣҵĴ󼦰ѹСѨҵĴ󼦰͸ܵš
มม˼ˬˡ󼦰Ͷӡɵ˼ˬˬˡɷ򡭡มСѨҪҪйˡ졭㡭Ҫййˡม
ʱҸеҵĴ󼦰ͱһůסýխټޱȵ˽Ųĸˣ̲סŴ󼦰͸Ҳ죬ὥأԽԽҲԽԽء
׸硭졭มСѨม졭֡Ҫйˡ󼦰͸ɵˬˡมййˡ
һᣬխɧѨ̵һһſӹڵĻĲϵĶҵĴͷ˱ţҸеϵĿУĽţϥǣ˫ųڴϵλҼҵĸҵĽҵļͲѨÿҵļͲ󻬵ѨʱͻͦƨɣĸӵĽϸΪܡ
ԡ󼦰ͶӡมĴ󼦰͸硭СѨˡôมֲСѨˡ衭ˬ󼦰ɷ򡭡졭มݲСѨ졭
ɴĸӼҵԽ֨֨ҵĴ󼦰ͺСѨײʱġġġˮ鶯ġ̡̡ޒš
ม衭š󼦰ͶӸɵĊˬɡСѨɧֽɵˬˡԺҪǬСѨšô󼦰ͰСѨֹ
มöӡšСѨˬˡ󼦰ֶӹˡ
ԺҪӵĴ󼦰͡СѨֹɧѨมֲСѨˡôม󼦰͸硭졭塭šԡСѨɡ
ĸƻ𣬿ҵҡšŤšţҵĴ󼦰ѨٶȿҲһµز壬Ťҡϸͷӭš׷Ե泩Եķ㡣
มҵĴ󼦰͸硭СѨйһˡĴ󼦰Ͷӡɷ򡭡졭ٸ㡭มٲһЩ尡ม谮Ĵ󼦰ˡСѨѾй塢ˡš󼦰͸綼ûйˬˡ
ѿ쵽ľ磬ɧ̬ٳŤˮҼ͸ţԽսԽͣԽԽأδζֱѨɵѨĻģһһϵļҵĹͷ˱
ֻĴ󼦰Ͷӡมܸɵôˬˬˡมɷ򡭡öӡֲˡมˬСѨˡ󼦰͸硭มҪйһˡɡˡม㡭֡йˡ
ҵͲɣйһһΣӹҲͣţʱҲܵ󼦰ʹУƴͳݲ壬ţ衭Ťƨɡ׶ҪҪ䡭ˡม


07
ҵĻæƴŤβҲоҵĹͷԽԽȣҿʼҵҵĸ߳쵽ˣʱָеѨȻһȣһɳȵˮҵĹͷӹڸһһϵļ˱ҵĹͷˬһĽҳȵľҺӹڵ豻ɻȵľҺ̵ýֶȻһ̧ȫҵ
̡Ȱ󼦰͸硭šйˡมˬСѨˡšöӡ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡˬˡ
ĸӷ·ֻҺС԰Ŵ󼦰Ͳ֭ѨҲɧѨ󼦰͸Ŀаɣ
轥ƽϢٶʱҲ˵裡СѨˬ𣿊ղɧ͸ˣɧˬˣأ󼦰͸ûÊˬأ
ţĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡ㿴ɧѨǻŶӵĴ󼦰𣿡
˵§ҵĲĺ촽ǡĸ˵ʲôĸ׽ɣͲˣΪͳڱ˴˵ˣ
СգӶ˰ɣ
ţеˣ
ôˣǳȥ԰ɣ
ôһҲע⵽ԭѾߵˣҲ֪ҷѧؼҵҺ˽ͷѹֶˣ
ð裬ȥ԰ɣ
˵ҴĽֻһҴ󼦰ʹСѨֻԭ۵СʱⷭŨɫľҺˮţʵС׵СƵģİĸӾͻµ¿㣬׼ԷҺʱֻɢĸӵ¿㣬ǲЦ˳ʱʰûзԣֻĸסİСݣҲ±˿
ĸӳ극صҺѿŵˣһ·ϣһұ裬ҲȫƵĽҵؿڣһһţһִװµĴڲ˵ǵش
һ¡
˫ѹҵؿڣҼȥҺʣôˣ
ȥϴ裬òã
ðɣĸϴԧԡɣ
һ˵һָ¡ǵشһº󣬾ԡϣԡϺֱǣҲԶİ˹ҵ﷭˱ţĸ˾§š
ﲻϵ⣬ְװؿڣ鷿Ҳңȥϵ·Ҳ˳תװ֣ҶڵϿȫֻʣһڿ裬ѵǼСĲСڿ㣬Ҳֽ⿪ҵ¿ۣҵºͿӣȥҵڿ㡣
ȫѩ׵ļܽذĹ˫߸ߵţ忴һŮ˻Ҫۣб·죬һɧ˵Ľ
迴ֱţԶĲ濪˴ȣȷֳһɫǳֻ֮䣬ϸƬͷһС͹㣬ٺ˵Ԩ¡
ëͿϴӡš䡢ԼǰĲλϴʱǰ鷿Ҳʱӹҵ壬ʹҸе൱Ҳ»ҵļϣһֲֻżͣһǴĹͷϴţҷĺԽԽ٣ϴʱǶԷ鷿ҵԣ͵͵ͷȥŪ鷿ϵͷûԭʺӣƵͷӲˣҸǴ󵨵Ĵͷ˱š豻Ūǰͣţϴ͵ĶҲʶļӿЩ֪Ѿ˹ҵʱȵ鷿ˡһˮϵĭȻĶ˵ˣڻϴˣ
˵վԡ׵ıԵϴ裬ǰ鷿鷿ϵСӣң˫ԼԿŨܵëëƬ΢Сҵﲻ̾ţôôСأ
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ĻҸе˼תŪһëϣȻԲľʼϴţϴ鷿ʱ̲סţٴ굽⻬Сʱ̲סͷ¸ϸ۵ƤƶҲԵСѨ쳤С豻һȫһ󶶲Ľ˫Ȳ濪ཱུСѨҵǰʼһһɵˮ
มðСˡ
һٰСⶥ˽ȥöѨϣʱѨһһյģҶѨŪˬޱȡ
มСˡšܲˡม
ҵѨת輤˫ıסҵͷСѨϰýģҵҵ٣Ҷšţ
มมСաšˬˡĺöӡมŪҪйˡ
СѨˮϵǣһǶڵšţһһúôһţƽՋׯŪýŤҰڣɧţ衭ҪҪйˡมˬˡˬѽйˡม
ͻȻ˼£һˮҵſ죬࣡һˮȫ̽ˣȻҲͷˮϵĭˣչֳĿĹ⻬
ˣ裡ȥϢһ°ɣϵĭҶ˵
ţСգ㲻Ҫ̫ร
֪ģ裡
߳ԡϺ΢ϴһ󣬾վصԷҿڴŰԹҡ
šСգ𣿡
ҵСɧȲģеʱ䣬Ժúõĸأ
ţСվȻСɧ
ʱƿϵıӣʱҲ֪ԭһױɴ͸ڿ֣͸ɴڿѾʪ͸ˣ뾭ҹ֮󣬾ÿƻˣһ뵽ǺŮ˵塢ĽдټʵģҾ̲סԱһ߽ǣһ߽ʵͦ鷿
มСաš
ҽһںŮһۺɫͷΣص˱ͬʱҵһҲӭҶ¡ָ꣬ڿһԣȻʼ̽µѨ
มšðСաšĺöӡ
ҵָʪУҿ֪Ѩ൱ˮˣָסѨѷϵͻһ߼УһѹָţͬʱҲ鷿ַۺɫͷ
มมˡˡ
ҵָ⻬봥軬൱ѨѷϳˮҵָƵĻҽָҲ跢˴Ϣҵķˮ
มðСաšĺöӡٲȥม졭ɧѨˡ
ҽָѨ壬ܵɧѨסĸоһ߽ˮһôĴָʳָ豥ϵ٣ôĴָϷѹסе١
ԡСաšСԡšมˡ
ʵ̲ס̧βڿлԲҲҵŤţҸ˷ܵòָѹϵĴָǿסɵѹȡ
Сม̫ˡСա졭มܲˡšม
ҵָнǿ˶ƺ˺ܴЧһͷţһ߷ڸŨˮҷҽ˱鷿ʱѨָͻбץסĸоٶ¡ס˱
Сա졭ܲˡҪˡš㡭ǬɡǬɧѨ
һָѨһ˱ͷ鷿ű˫Ť裬еܲˣҽ촽鷿ƶ⻬ĸ¡ϳëïʢë·ǳ˵ɫٲŹ
มСաš졭㡭ɧѨɡ졭ɧѨŶء
˫ȣʺɫѨϣͷѨҵһʱŨˮҵҽ⿪棬Ť
มĺöӡ졭ɧѨš졭ɧѨ
ʢ㣬ͷˮȻԽѨϷ٣˼κٿʼŹ󣬼ĽҲ
มšСˡԡ򡭡ม졭š򡭡
ÿҵͷѨʱѨͿſţůˮҲֹ˫ַĴڲ࣬ʹѹһѨϵѷͱѹǰҫŹŤ̲סĿʼ˱٣ͷĦ
มðСա졭Сมˡ
ҡŵѨѷ죬Ҹָȥҽ͵춹ٺԱߵָĲѨȽָָȻָɽѨ
ŶðСա졭ȥɧѨˡˡ
ҲѨָʱɧѨӭƵ䶯ҵָѨ壬Ľ˳ˮҲ˳ĴСҫŹԡ
ˡСաšĺöӡ費ˡมҪйˡ졭
蹰βҡţѨ鲼޵⣬ȿֺļסҵָ֪йˣҸ˱٣ҲָѨ
Сมйˡйˡšˡšˬ
һᣬй˺˷ɵĶʱ˫ֱңԸеĴҲң̽ңһңһҵ壬ҵĿʱսҵĴ󼦰͡
裡ԳԶӵĴ󼦰Ͱɣ
˵ҿŴͷ˫ŴĴ򿪣ҼӲļȫȫ¶ǰ˳ĴҵǣҵţȻһ·ǵҵ¸ſҴ򿪵˫֮䣬ȻǸִ֡ǡֳĴ󼦰Ūš
ֺǵ÷ϵĹͷߣҼͦƨɴߴ˵裡죬ҡҿ̲סˣС˱ɣ
ҵĻȻҵĴ󼦰ۼԴ˼£ֲ˲ںڵ㷢һۿһۣͬʱ¶֮Цݺ󣬾ͷҹͷϵۺʹ󼦰͵ĸҲҵҵŪš
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Ըе裬˿ҵĿ̰˱ŪҵĴ󼦰ͣԳ̵̬֮ԣʱҲС죬գһͰҵĹͷҸеͷҵĹͷϾŪţһˬĿ⣬ʹҵĴ󼦰ǵøָԸеСǿҪɲˣְֻҵĴ󼦰³ȻСҵĴ󼦰ĥš
СյĴ󼦰ͺô֡óš谮ˡ
˵ֱۣȻİҵĴ󼦰͸̽ͷݣ޺ӣҵĴ󼦰˱Ūţʹˬ̲סŤƨɡ
Ŷš衭ˬԡม
ıܣһеŪҵĴ󼦰ͣӲ͵Źڴϵ裬ҿѩϸ۵ĴȱҲѨйˮŪʪϵëҲɵͦƨ̧ҵĴ󼦰ܸ
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ǻ۵ŪҵĴ󼦰͡ȵ캬ҵĹͷɵͷ˱ŵۣµɣա
ԡ졭ҵĴ󼦰͡ˬมŶҵɧ衭ҿˬˡ
˵Ŀ֣ҲĵЦɧ¶ƵĺӲǵĴ󼦰ֱŪš
ŶýС졭šҺŶ衭졭ҵĴ󼦰͡ม
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Ŷɧ衭ҶӺˬˬˡŶ
㷢ʱƮԣ££ɢͷǸ鵽ʱ첢ûͣɵľŪ˱ҵĴ󼦰̵ͣ΢֣泩Ҳѩ塣̲סƿ裬һͽƵڴϣȻѹ۵ϣʱҲȵյԣĸڴŤһţҵĲࡢҰš
һ뵽ڱеĶׯ裬ȴ񵴸ŮĺڴϣҵĴ󼦰ȥɧСѨҾͼ
ĸһһʰ˺þúҲŴʱҲԶķֿ˫ȣֲѨ׼ӭҵĴ󼦰ͣҹ˫ȿˮ˸ŵѨ̲סҵļŹͷʪʺšĥšš
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СѨҵĴ󼦰ĥֶˮֱҲ̲ס΢ֻֽ׳Ĵ󼦰̧ͣβӭҵĴ󼦰ֻͣѨڲϵĻԲ˶
šˡĺöӡҪมҪĴ󼦰͡졭СաมɧѨҪĴ󼦰͡šมܲˡɧѨˡม
һĽİͣҶţƨҲϵİڶ̧ͦСɧѨ޲ýҵĴ󼦰;ȥĵɧģݼҴ󼦰͸ǡ
Ĵ󼦰׶ӡมšĴ󼦰ͲɧѨมСա㡭š콫Ĵ󼦰Ͳ塭ɧѨ
ұɧջţеҲ˼㣬ҽƨǰһͦȻ˵裡Ҫȥˣ
ϵˮҴֳĴ󼦰;̣һСѨ֮ˣҲҵĴ󼦰ͲѨʱ˫ֽץס塣
มǰСѨˡš׶ӡĴ󼦰ְɧѨˡมҸมСɧѨ׶ӵġ󼦰͸ˡ졭Сաٲ塭Ĵ󼦰Ͳ嵽ɡ
Ļ֮ҼǰѨտʼųУҵĴ󼦰Ͳ֮󣬷һҪҵļ͸ȥƵģ󼦰ȫѨʱҾͶѨĻģŪ˼¡
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ม󼦰ͶӡมˬˡöӡมĴ󼦰ֳִ֡ɵˬˡĸαˬˡ
һ߻ĳѨһĺסͷͷţ򺬻˱ʱҲҧѨӿˮɧѨҲļҵļ͡
ҵĴ󼦰Ͷӡš豻Ĵ󼦰͸ɵĺˬมСɧѨˬĺöɡมˬˡˬ졭ɡ
ҵĴ󼦰ɽѨʱܲӹĥ£ȻȻĳһ룬üѨĥĥٺݺݵĲɽȥ¶֪ۻʹı飬Ѩֱˮ֪ġ
ม芅СѨšеˡ̫ˡСɧѨܺ͊Ѩมˬ
׶ӡɵˡมĻĺ顭ˬม졭มĴ󼦰Ͷӡ衭มˬˡԡ졭มҲ벻׶ӵĴ󼦰ˡԶ׶ӸɧѨม
豻ҸɵüӴβŤڵķȣƨɿŤӭҡͣʪѨҲһһɵҵĴ󼦰ͣˮһĴѨй˳ƨʪ˴
ԡĻġ졭ˬม׶ӵĴ󼦰͸ɵáม̫ˬˡมĺöӡ졭ǬɧѨԡСաɵˬ
¶޹̬ʱͷյ촽ŤҡƨɣʪܵѨļҵĴ󼦰ͣƷÿһβɵĥУ΢΢ŵüͷ۰յĻ㱱飬̲סļӿ˸Ѩٶȡ
󼦰Ͷӡม豻Ĵ󼦰͸ˡมöӡɵˬɷ򡭡Ĵ󼦰ɷ򡭡มĸɰɡˡมˡҪйˡɧѨܡܲˡ
һᣬӼٵʶţ۽ա졢ѨҲ˱ҵĹͷ֪йˡ
Ĵ̼ĸӽ֮Уһ̵ȫԵۡ泩ȡˣ΢΢е˵ߣɧӣתѩ׸۵鷿ҵĳ鶯ҡţʹȵĸţûϢʱ䣬ĸ
󼦰͸硭มðĴ󼦰ˡõСѨõСѨҪˬˡ֡ѽมĺöӡɷ򡭡ĸɰɡมɧˡมԡ׸ָɵõӹˡˬ
ʥ߹裬ɧƵģ˫Ʋҵϣ˵СѨͻҲøӽխһ˫ҲĽ§ҵıŤƨҡͦ
󼦰͸硭มˬˡม谮׶ӵĴ󼦰ˡ˼ҵĻˡˬˡ󼦰Ͷӡðมม谮ӵĴ󼦰͡СѨˡม󼦰͸ɵˬˡม
˫ֽұýģƨҲͣͦţʱĽҵĴ󼦰ҧѨշĥŷùͷĻתÿҵĹͷӹʱͻӿҵץҵıš
Ĵ󼦰͸硭มСѨˡˬˡมĴ󼦰Ͷӡɵˬมԡ󼦰ֲ嵽˼ҵӹˡˬˡˬˡ
ҵĴ󼦰ɧѨÿĥһΣĽͻ鴤һ£ÿ鴤һ£ѨҲŽһΣֱСѨ̵ˮֱҵĹͷӹһСƵĺ˱Ĵ󼦰ͣůֽĸоҸе޵꣬ʱֻ̧֪ܵ߷ΣСѨͦͦ
มöӡɷ򡭡šҪˡ󼦰ͿˡСɷ򡭡ˬˡ豻ӵĴ󼦰͸ˡมˬˡ̶סˡй󼦰Ͷˡ졭Ǭɡ
ʧˣٴӭϵĸ߳ſ֫йڴϣҲҵĴ󼦰ͲխѨѨ˱ζ
һֱȵѨٳ鶯ʱҲŽ跭ڴϣҲ˫ֳڴϣϥǣ˷ʰ׷ƨҴƨɺܿķۺɫСѨҹ󣬿硢v˵Ŵ󼦰ˮƨϵСѨһʱ赭ҺɫԲھͻ᰼ݣԱߵҲͬʱǣΪˮİҺ˳ľ͸˽ȥ
ˬมСյĴ󼦰Ͳˬˡ󼦰ͲมˬˡԶӡٿһ㡭šมǬѨ
Ū˼ʮºԹʽſڴϵԴ󼦰ΪģҡƨɣƬҵĴ󼦰ҳſʱһɹɵˮĸӵĸϴաա
มม󼦰͸硭ҪˬˡӵĴ󼦰͡ˬ󼦰ͶӺมˬˡڶӵĴ󼦰¡Ҫ׶ӵĴ󼦰͸ɡɧѨŻˬมǬѨĺöӡ
ҵĴ󼦰СѨһһĳţ˫ҲƵǰ棬ëʳָָס٣ýڴϵ裬ɵҡŸʵβ
ˬมҪͣมĺöӡ졭˼ҿˬˡมɡšˡม㡭Ĵ󼦰͸硭
ҵָĥ٣ĸĽխѨͷһһµײһӹ̲סҡƨɣҲɵĶ
ҵ׶ӡมֻĴ󼦰Ͳܸɵôˬˬࡡมø硭ԡ㡭󼦰׶ӡ졭ɵġСѨˬˡ󼦰Ͷӡมĸαɵ˼ˬˡ
ҽıסô󼦰͵Ļģ鵽ѨںֺݺݵĲ˽ȥתŹͷĥĻģʹʱĻعͷĵЦ۵ƨҲǰҡҵĲɡ
มĴ󼦰͸硣ˬมСѨˡСѨҪ󼦰͸ɴˡˬˡมôֲӹˡมɧѨˬˡ
ſ豳ϣ˫ִҸ´ȥסһԶѵ鷿ʹĽ󼦰͡١ĲŪ۵СѨԷһɧĽдˮĸĥġ̡̡
ҵĴ󼦰͸硭ม׶ӵĴ󼦰ֶ͡СѨˡҪˡม˼ˡ󼦰͸硭졭Ĳɡ춥СѨѽมõСѨܲ졭
̼Ѫڣ󼦰Ҳǵ˼㣬ҶԸĲСѨײӹĴҲԽԽƵ
ԡԡСѨѨˡˬˡ
ˬˡม󼦰׶Ѩɵˬˡˡ
ѨҪйˡҪй󼦰ͶˡĴ󼦰͸硭һйɡม
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มĺöӡ졭һй콫ľ衭มɧѨ軳ĺӡ̲סˡˬˡ
豻ҿҵĲţһţйһһ̵ˮҲ衭มĴ󼦰ͶӡˡมйˡáˬมĴ󼦰Ͷӡйˡ̡มˬˡйˡ
ѨĲͣкһɹȵҵĴͷ֮£Ҳ̵̲סٿҲŽһɹ̵ȻӹѨģʹٶһĴйһΣˬû˹ȥҲڼſıĸ߹̵ͬʱĸӣɡ彻֮С
һ죬Һ費ͣԽҵĴ󼦰͸ɵйһһΣҺ޹˼ɵĽҺѨӹǸҵĵط󵨵ƺҲûϹŮˣԼ裬ȫҵĴ󼦰֮µŮˣĸӷԽǵˮˣɳϣذϣҵĴϣĸӣɡҺۼ䴲ɢҺ輤Խëĸӵ֤ƶһӵŮˣҲҵĴ󼦰ͺúõİӴԺҵĴ󼦰ιʵɧѨҲѨҼӲļ͡˭Ҹˣֽɧ˵ء
ΪֲʮԼʣҲΪ˵壬Ϊ˽üֶ˵ĸ׵ĽϷǿ侫ĿУ󼦰ٶȲ۵СѨʹ˵ϣ͡١ĲŪš
ԡСաมĺöӡ衭Сɷมม㡭塭ԡม̫ˬˡˬСաม豻ɵˬˡม§裬Ŵ󼦰͸Ѩ߰ĽȫˬʹѨεţҵĴ󼦰͸ˬĴ׳ʴСѨǳǳĳš
ҵ衭มСѨҵĴ󼦰ˬˡˬมม׸硭ð㡭šҵɷɵˬˡ졭㡭ɡšԺҪ衭ҵĴ󼦰ͶӡมɧѨԷﲻϵ轿ɧĽдĸ˵ĥġաա˵ҸηŴ󼦰͵ͦɼ顢бֱͲѨֱɵ飬ҲҶֱŪҡΰˮͣţٴйʱҸеһĸоˣɧѨڵӹڴ˿ͷһסţķ˿ϵģҼæֹͣ˳壬Ŵͷ軨˱ĿС
ҵĺɷ򡭴󼦰͸硭˼ˬˡมйˡมɷĴ󼦰͡ɵˬˡȫţƴͦסƨɵ˫ͼеģѨһɹɳȵˮҵĹͷϣСѨҵļȦסСѨĻҲͣ˱ҵĹͷ鲻ѣ󼦰ǵøִСѨһһĹ⣬֪Ҳ侫ˣҶ˵มҵĺ衭СѨá׶Ҳ̲סˡҪˡ󼦰Ͷӡˡมáˬ졭Сաมĺöӡš衭콫ľӡมȫɧѨСѨľӡһҿ侫ˣѨļסҵļͣ˵ŤӭңҲٺݺݵĲʮº̲ס󼦰ʹУһɹˮǴͷϵ飬ӹһһ˱ĿУҲˬľһɣ󼦰³һǿľҺȫĻּŨľҺһСѨҲɻȵľҺ̵ýֶ˦йһΣС૽еѽ󼦰͸硭̲סҪй󼦰͵ɷסมйˡйˡø硭ûôˬ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡมˬˡɾҺСѨл༤ţȻİѶԷ§ýģĸȫڲš鴤ţˬݡ
ȵ轥ƽϢٶʱҲŴȫļ͸õɫͦͷʺ΢΢ͦţ˵ֻһգ۵ƨ߸ߵͻţСѨʶ⣬죬ںëôԸˣѹᵱǣСѨ滹ϵңӵľҺǸжΪҲ֪ĸȻܺĸӣл׵Ϸʵ۵ܲˣеۣӵڴĸ泩۵֮ˡ
ԭΪԾһģ˭֪˯ҹʱұһˬĸŪѣ۾ʱ򣬵һۿһβһխСķۺɫڿ㣬İм͹ѨѨмݳһѷ죬ڿˮӡʹҿԿѨۺѷ죡ԭҵϣ˱ҵļͣҲǱŪѵġ
һҵļͣϵʱʱŪţһС캬ҵĴ󼦰˱ţϵ˱ҹͷϵۣ콫ͷס
มš衭ȡҺม衭ЩมҵĴ󼦰ͱ飬˷ܵıЩҲҵĻ֮󣬔EͷһظЦȻҵĴ󼦰ͣͬʱ˲ɢҵͷ͵ͷȴҵغȻһһҴ󼦰͵ĸſСֽҴ󼦰ͺ˽ȥʼйɵ˱ˬҲòѴ󼦰Сͦô󼦰ܸ
衭มҺˬ̫ˡҵĴ󼦰ͺˬมԡ衭ԡมԡǿҵĿˬܲãҲòתעְķβҵϸ˵ѨͱˮŪʪڿӡҸ˷ܶˮʪмѷ죬ۺѨѷ̲סĸڿŪϸ졣
ššһߺҵļͣһš
ѱˮĵڿ㣬ֻСµεë˿ްķֲϣۺСзˮʪ͸Ǽڿ㣬Ҳʪ͸ëƮϢҲĸǳ໥ߵƣ˫ȴ󿪣һҵľ󣬴Ӻɫëۺ죬ʤգ΢΢ſСѨڶϸţƬƵ֮£ǵų޵ĺɫѨڸڳõˮ
ָµѨŪţƬ͵÷ʷʺСرĵطʳָѨòţһᣬѨȵİ͸ҺҵָմҺ塣
มšСա졭ɧѨมš衭ܲˡĻѨĶҲΪĿŪŪŪһֻĸ˸ˮɧεſϣС£ʹҵָܸѨ
ĺöӡ졭šСѨมܲˡ㡭ɧѨɡมץסҵĴ󼦰Ūţڵȫȼţʹԭ浾񼢿ĵ㣬СѨˮҲָĲŪйš
ܲˡมСաม졭㡭šߡ
ԡม;ǡˡҪˡมҽѨǷȻͷſѨѷ죬ͷò˱ɰ٣ⲻŤʹнȣסҵĶ䣬ʪѨҵϡ
СաมมɧѨมš졭Ҫɡมˡ̲סһҵĴ󼦰ƵţŹͷſС캬סҵļŪ˱ҵļͣҶʪѨһҵζҵ죬۾˵ɧѨůķֱˬˡ
šСյĴ󼦰͡ô֡óมšϲˡมҵġ
󼦰һ˵ġˮͣĴѨ˳ҵճˣ費ϵͲУ촽˱Ƿ³˱ҧǿС٣ֲʱͷѨŪš
มมˡСˡšöӡม㡭費ˡٽְսƨɣͷͣϸ۷۰׵βҲĥƨѩ۵ļŪţҲƨϸţȻͷͱȥŪţݼ̲ס˫ȶţСѨϵйһˮһɹɻˮʪĿ
ˬมҵĺöӡšɷ򡭺ø硭šม򡭰ˬˡ轿˽еҹžķʱҵϢ㺹졢ţǵôֳĴ󼦰ͣͷţ֧ӲСĹͷ͸Һ
öӡСѨˬมһ㡭졭ˬมСѨˬˡˡšҪ󼦰͸ɡ
СյҪ󼦰͸ɡ˵ɵڴϣָֿѨϵͬʱܵſ˫ȵ˵ɣĺöӡ졭ݺĴ󼦰ͲѨɡ͸䴰¹⣬ҿڴſȵҵ裬ϸ㷢Ʈɢԣ߹ԸеĽſҸΣʷ鷿ڽϸ۵ǰŷۺɫͷͦţϷԲԲ̵ƨɣСƽ̹Ƥ󻬣Բ˫ſɡVͣV͵ĶǷǷ
ҹ濪˫֮ҵĴ󼦰ͣùͷĥѨϵѷ죬СѨˮϵˣ䶼ϢùͷСˮ󻬣һ̣һ͸ɽ˴ҼǰʶӭϣһҵĴ󼦰;ֱĻġ
󼦰͸硭ม˼ҵĻˡš
ˡĺöӡมมมСյĴ󼦰͡ˡҵĴ󼦰ȫѨʱҸе󼦰ͱһůůסֺýխĸо޷ݵģȻǵڶθѨָж޷ݣתƨɣʹҵĹͷСѨҲ˿ת
มม󼦰ͶӡĥˡšɧѨĴ󼦰͡มĥ顭֡ˬˡมѨİҵĴ󼦰ͣҵĴ󼦰͸ӳѪǴҼתȦĥѨĻģͬʱͷͷüͷʧӣʮֵгɾ͸УҲʼĳѨ
СաมĺöӡšɧѨม谡
ҪӵĴ󼦰塭衭มɧѨҪӵĴ󼦰Ͳ塭˵ƨɣӭҵĳҲ˫εץס鷿ͷ캬סӲͦͷ˱ţͣĲѨ
áðมСաมԡšöӡĺ졭Ĵ󼦰͡šɡ谮󼦰Ͷˡ졭Ĳ塭Ѩһһմ˹ˮĴ󼦰ͣӿĳѨÿһεĲ붼ôʹĸһײġžžţѨˮաա÷޵Ĵɫ
ᡭมĺø硭ͣมĲ塭ԡมĺϹมҪĸɧѨԡҪͣĲɧѨมˬม賤Rҵɢڴϣǰ鷿ҲΪҳҡţխѨˮҵĴ󼦰䶯ţݼеʢҲ̲סļӿٶȲѨ
衭šѨýมеҺˬมšСաɧѨĴ󼦰ʹ󡭡СյĴ󼦰Ͳˬˡ졭ĸ衭มԡɧѨˬɧѨӸɵúˬˬ費ͣţѨڵˮѾģˬϸСӣ¡ţû뵽ҵĴ󼦰ͻŮ˸ɳģǰɵġε裡
ˬมšˬˡมöӡ㶥ӹˡø硭šĴ󼦰͸硭ɧѨɵúˬָɵӹˡ졭ٿ㡭ŷģ裬ҸǴŪţļнƨĳСѨһֱĻģʹСѨˮͣйһһйͣҵĴʪһƬ
ˬมĸαĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡˡšĻˡ졭󼦰ͶӡҪ󼦰Ͷӡ衭ɡԡԡĸ衭ǰεľ֪Ҫ߳ˣǸĳ鶯ҵĴ󼦰ֱСѨǿҶļҲˮƴӿѨܵƴĦҵļʹûа϶
š衭มˬ𡭰ӸɵˬˬСյĴ󼦰ͲɧѨˬˬɧѨֻֽ󡭡šɵҺˬˬѽม׶ӡšɵˬˡø硭šֶĻˡˬɰɡСաมĺöӡݺݵĸɡ塭Ĵ󼦰¡ҰɡԽԽ̡̡ͣ轿ţĽ̼ұԭʼҰԣҲѨǷܵˣϧƴţҲ§ҵӣнŮеĴ̼ʹȫޱȣͦεӭÿһεĿ塣
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׶ӡมĴ󼦰͸ɵˬมɡԶӡ
㡭ม졭ɡԡมöӵĴ󼦰ֲӹˡҪйˡɧѨ֡ҪйˡˡйСˡййˡһʱ֮䣬ҸоҵĴ󼦰ͱɧѨȵȦסͷӹҧ˱ζеޱȵ泩
ﵽ߳ҵزţ˫ӵҵıۣйĿУҲ˳Ƶϣ軨һһϵ˱ҵĹͷĸоĸڴϣٵĴŴƷĸ׼ζ


08
һҿ軹ڸ߳УҳҵĴ󼦰ͣڴߣҰ豧ڴϣͬʱֿ˫ȹҵ˫ϣʱҿǽϵľӳĸҵģɿ͸죬ϸļǰ鷿Բ̵ͷϸխ֦ʵԲСƽ˫ż߸¡ںëƬ۵УһܼͲɶ΢ķۺɫ죬ˮһͻ٣ѷĶˣܲˣҵĴ󼦰͵סѨϵѷĥš
š衭㿴ӵĴ󼦰ɧѨءСաมĥˡˡšม졭Сա
ĺöӡĴ󼦰ͲɧѨĴ󼦰ͰֹֹมҵĻ󣬾ֱֱĶžĻ濴ĶŴ󼦰ʪѨĥţҿó˫εİǰʵòŵҵĴ󼦰ͣ׼ˮСѨ
มšСաɷ򡭰ĥˡɧѨˡ塭ɧѨมɧѨˡ飬ҧƬ۵ţмˮģҵļ͸е̡ʪġ
衭ššĶҪѴ󼦰ͲѨˡšɧѨѶӵĴ󼦰͸̽ȥɡšáῴġ졭ɧѨˡมˡšĺöӡ콫Ĵ󼦰ͲɡมĴ󼦰衭šɧ̬裬û뵽ƽո浾ľģ裬ΪҵĴ󼦰ͣôķɧҸϿ콫󼦰ͲСѨŴ󼦰ͣ׼޺ɫʪܵⶴͷƨһE̡һҵĴ󼦰;ͺĲѨˣҵļͿĸܵɧѨεķӦţͦ˼£ֳĴ󼦰;ֱףǰ˵Ĺͷ嵽ӹ棬ҲѨ
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š衭㿴มҵĴ󼦰ֲɧѨˡš㿴ɧѨֽšӵĴ󼦰͡มมšԡСաĴ󼦰ְ֡ɧѨˡϲСյĴ󼦰มมÿβɧѨóŰมĸָһˡɧѨСռͽĲһ𡭡һ߰鷿ŪСͷһ߱裬ͷӹתţܵݼҲŤϸƨҲʼ¶ţˮʪҲɧѨĹͷ֪ҪǱ
Ĵ󼦰͸硭มˡšöӡˬˡมš׶ѽม󼦰ɷ򡭿졭ҪมɧѨ졭󼦰ͲĻġม졭Զӡɰɡһ϶Ѩһ߲ʱְ鷿һҲ쵽ĸϴĥתŪ٣ʹɧѨһ󴤶ҵĴ󼦰ͣɧѨ̵ˮ
Сա졭มҪɡԡɧѨˬมСաมĴ󼦰ͶӡáĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˡɷ򡭰ġø硭Զɡ
มɵˡม跴ԵĽ˫ȵĽţҸеͺɧѨһ϶ҲûУǽҼ͵ɧѨҸеһܣ˫ϸͣEţҲһζ϶ɧѨ
衭쿴มӵĴ󼦰ɧѨءมš󼦰ɧѨŵมˡĴ󼦰ͶӡมɧѨСյĴ󼦰͡ɧѨءมɵˬ谮СյĴ󼦰ͲɧѨˡˬ󼦰Ͷӹˡšม
ม֪迪ʼµҵĴ󼦰ͣĶҡķ鷿ҵӣҲĽƨѹҵĴ󼦰ϣĸ
มˬСաɧѨˬˡɷ򡭴󼦰͸硭ֶӹˡมˬˡˬˡ
ĸαมֲˡšҺˬҪҪйˡҪйˡҪйˡǺ죬촽ҧţͷɢķ˿ҵĴŤƨɣ߸ߵţʹˮѨͻСѨˮȪˮֱӿҵĴ󼦰ͣҲ˳ƨɹʪ˴
ˬˡมˬ׸硭ĺöӡมĴ󼦰͡ˬˡšĺø硭塭ԡ衭谮Ĵ󼦰ˡˬˡมᰡҿˬˡžҵĴ󼦰ͳģޱȵ˷ܣҸŬô󼦰֭СѨҿ壬ֱֱҲǣˮԽԽ࣬ѨӵȣƨɿӭյĸܼҲҵĹͷɧѨһһ֮䣬̡̡졣
СաมĴ󼦰̫ˡ󼦰͸ɧѨˡมûôˬˬСѨˡšðСաɵˬˡ󼦰ͶӲˬˡมöӡ졭มɡİҲøӺݣҲ׷ƨɣɧѨҵĴ󼦰ͺýһˮֱҵĹͷӹڸҧ˱ʹҸеޱȵ泩ҲûֹͣǼѨҲҡŤƨҴ󼦰ͲĿӭš
ˬˡɧѨӵĴ󼦰͸ɵĺˬมСաĺöӡԡม豻Сղ̫ˬˡมֶӹˡֲˡҪҪйˡมһ㡭ййˡšһӣɧѨڵӹͻȻСѨƵһ˱ţҪ߳һɲǣƬǺ۵ͼҷǵĴ󼦰ͣŨŨˮ̵ȪӿҲûϢʱ䣬ڴߣվڵ׽˫ҷֿ߾٣ѹϺͷƴ˱ţŪˮֱѨصĲţＱĽҵĴ󼦰͵ס΢΢ſѨڣͦƨɣҡڷΣƬ͵һźϣҵĴ󼦰˽ȥ
มĺöӡɧѨһ㡭มһЩɧѨˡ졭š塭Ĵ󼦰͸ɧѨѨðˡйٶȽһĸ߳խխСѨŴ󼦰ͣζŤҡڶѨͦţҹͷ⹵ˬҵĴ󼦰˳ֻͷѨĥ룬ڲɧѨʱټתһȦ
׶ӡมСѨĴ󼦰Ͷӡมˬˡ󼦰͸硭มԡɡһ㡭ٲ塭ˬˡม󼦰͸ɵˬมˬˡҵĴ󼦰ˮաաУͣѨţֱײѨžž죬Ҳһһµӭҵĳɣ˫ǰͣʹҸݵĲͷֱײĻģͺݵѨĥת
š衭ˬˬӵĴ󼦰͸ɵˬˬมСɧѨСյĴ󼦰͸ɵˬɡˬม󼦰ͶӸɵġСѨˬˡСյĴ󼦰͡ɧѨˡมָɵĻˡ졭Ĵ󼦰ͶӡšҪһ㡭มһ㡭ɧѨҪ׶ӵĴ󼦰Ͳ塭ԡมֶӹˡšˬҵĴ󼦰ĳ壬ܺӹڣеϣתţˬ裬ҵĴ󼦰תֱҡͷ۰УֱŤˮĴѨһֱɧ̬ˡ
ҵĺöӡɷมĴ󼦰͸硭มѨĺø硭šɧѨĺöӡ̫ˬˡ˼ҰĴ󼦰ˡ졭ٲҡˬ谮Ĵ󼦰ˡม󼦰ֶҵĻˡšˬˡมĸĲţµĴ󼦰ͺСѨе䡢Ťҡţ˵ʲô׳ѲҪˣʱֻлŮе棬εĽŵ档
ˬˡมöӡˬԡɰมһ㡭㡭ɧѨԡ塭มɧѨҪҪййˡҪй󼦰Ͷˡһ֫շ׺ͻתպҵĴ󼦰ͣӹĥҵĹͷѨеҵĹͷɧѨһ˿˿Ŀ϶ޣޱȡ
มɧѨýеҺˬ衭졭Ťƨɡš׶ӿҪ䡭侫ˡมİĹԶӡšСɡ콫ľɧѨšɧѨɡมء졭ҵĻƴŤƨɣӹҲͣ˱ҵĹͷˬһɧ˫żҵϣ󼦰͸Ĳţ˫Ҳว鷿
ԡĺöӡ衭嵽Ļˡ
ԡɰมֿ첻ˡˡҪйˡˬˡҡţҲ§Ĳ嶯ʮºͻȻѨĵסҵĴ󼦰ͣһ廬ȵˮֱҵĹͷɧѨסҵĴ󼦰ͣˬһĽҺӹ
սĸӾıڴϣĸ׸߳ٺನУʱͻȻ뵽ҵľҺӹ᲻ˣ߳رƣģԲúҾͽ
